A tribo de plantas Phaseoleae é uma das subdivisões da subfamília de leguminosas Faboideae, no clado não classificado do NPAAA. Este grupo inclui muitos dos feijões cultivados para alimentação humana e animal, principalmente dos gêneros Glycine, Phaseolus e Vigna.

Taxonomia
Embora a tribo como definida no final do século XX não pareça ser monofilética, parece haver um grupo monofilético que corresponde aproximadamente à tribo Phaseoleae (com algumas alterações). O conceito anterior de Phaseoleae é parafilético em relação às tribos Abreae e Psoraleeae, mais a maioria de Millettieae e partes de Desmodieae.

As seguintes subtribos e gêneros são reconhecidos pelo USDA :

Cajaninae
 Adenodolichos Harms
 Bolusafra Kuntze
 Cajanus Adans.
 Carrissoa Baker f.
 Chrysoscias E. Mey.
 Dunbaria Wight & Arn.
 Eriosema (DC.) Desv.
 Flemingia Roxb. ex W. T. Aiton
 Paracalyx Ali
 Rhynchosia Lour.

Clitoriinae
 Barbieria DC.
 Centrosema (DC.) Benth.
 Clitoria L.
 Clitoriopsis R. Wilczek
 Periandra Mart. ex Benth.

Diocleinae
 Bionia Mart. ex Benth.
 Camptosema Hook. & Arn.
 Canavalia Adans.
 Cleobulia Mart. ex Benth.
 Collaea DC.
 Cratylia Mart. ex Benth.
 Cymbosema Benth.
 Dioclea Kunth
 Galactia P. Browne
 Lackeya Fortunato et al.
 Luzonia Elmer
 Macropsychanthus Harms ex K. Schum. & Lauterb.
 Neorudolphia Britton
 Rhodopis Urb.

Glycininae
 Afroamphica H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi
 Amphicarpaea Elliott ex Nutt.
 Calopogonium Desv.
 Cologania Kunth
 Dumasia DC.
 Eminia Taub.
 Glycine Willd.
 Herpyza C. Wright
 Neocollettia Hemsl.
 Neonotonia J. A. Lackey
 Neorautanenia Schinz
 Neustanthus Benth.
 Nogra Merr.
 Pachyrhizus Rich. ex DC.
 Phylacium Benn.
 Pseudeminia Verdc.
 Pseudovigna (Harms) Verdc.
 Pueraria DC.
 Sinodolichos Verdc.
 Teramnus P. Browne
 Teyleria Backer
 Toxicopueraria A.N. Egan & B. Pan bis

Kennediinae
 Hardenbergia Benth.
 Kennedia Vent.
 Vandasina Rauschert

Ophrestiinae
 Cruddasia Prain
 Ophrestia H. M. L. Forbes
 Pseudoeriosema Hauman

Phaseolinae
 Alistilus N. E. Br.
 Ancistrotropis A. Delgado
 Austrodolichos Verdc.
 Cochliasanthus Trew
 Condylostylis Piper
 Dipogon Liebm.
 Dolichopsis Hassl.

 Dolichos L.
 Helicotropis A. Delgado
 Lablab Adans.
 Leptospron (Benth.) A. Delgado
 Macroptilium (Benth.) Urb.
 Macrotyloma (Wight & Arn.) Verdc.
 Mysanthus G. P. Lewis & A. Delgado
 Nesphostylis Verdc.
 Oryxis A. Delgado & G. P. Lewis
 Oxyrhynchus Brandegee
 Phaseolus L.
 Physostigma Balf.
 Ramirezella Rose
 Sigmoidotropis (Piper) A. Delgado
 Spathionema Taub.
 Sphenostylis E. Mey.
 Strophostyles Elliott
 Vatovaea Chiov.
 Vigna Savi
 Wajira Thulin

incertae sedis
 Apios Fabr.
 Butea Roxb. ex Willd.
 Cochlianthus Benth.
 Decorsea R. Vig.
 Diphyllarium Gagnep.
 Dysolobium (Benth.) Prain
 Erythrina L.
 Haymondia A.N. Egan & B. Pan bis
 Mastersia Benth.
 Meizotropis Voigt
 Mucuna Adans.
 Otoptera DC.
 Psophocarpus Neck. ex DC.
 Shuteria Wight & Arn.
 Spatholobus Hassk.
 Strongylodon Vogel

Referências

Ligações externas

Phaseoleae
Tribos de plantas

Phaseoleae


Nummer-et hits i Danmark i 2017 er en liste over de singler der lå nummer et på den danske singlehitliste i 2017. Den var udarbejdet af International Federation of the Phonographic Industry og Nielsen Soundscan, og udgives af hitlisten.nu.

Historie

Referencer

Se også
 Musik i 2017

Danmark i 2017
2017
Musik i 2017

Nummer-et hits i Danmark i 2017


Adelinia, monotipski biljni rod iz porodice boražinovki opisan tek 2015. godine, kada je u njega iz roda Cynoglossum svrstana vrsta Adelinia grandis (bazionim Cynoglossum grande).

A. grande je trajnica visoka 30 do 90 cm, a raširena je od Britanske Kolumbije do Kalifornije. Raste po šumama i čaparalu.

Sinonimi
 Cynoglossum austiniae Eastw.
 Cynoglossum grande Douglas ex Lehm.
 Cynoglossum grande var. laeve (A.Gray) A.Gray
 Cynoglossum laeve A.Gray

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Flora of Eastern Washington and Adjacent Idaho
 Adelinia J.I. Cohen

Amsinckiinae

Adelinia


Khors Air () é uma companhia aérea com sede em Kiev, Ucrânia. Opera principalmente voos charter dentro da Ucrânia e também oferece voos para a Europa e Oriente Médio a partir do Aeroporto Zhuliany.

História

A companhia aérea foi fundada e iniciou suas operações em 1990 usando aeronaves Ilyushin Il-76, Yakovlev Yak-40, Antonov An-24 e Antonov An-26. Em 1992, um Antonov An-12 foi comprado.

Em 2005, um serviço de Kiev para Dubai, Malé e Jacarta foi iniciado usando uma aeronave Boeing 757-200ER, mas logo teve que ser interrompido.

Em 2017, os Estados Unidos propuseram sanções contra a Khors Air por alugarem aeronaves para companhias aéreas no Irã.

Destinos

A maioria dos voos operados pela companhia aérea são voos charter não regulares.

Frota
A frota da Khors Air consiste nas seguintes aeronaves (Junho de 2018):

Ver também

 Lista de companhias aéreas em atividade

Ligações externas

Empresas aéreas fundadas em 1990
Empresas aéreas da Ucrânia

Khors Air


Schleswig-Holstein (Frizce: Slaswik-Holstiinj, Danca: Slesvig-Holsten), Almanya'nın en kuzeydeki eyaletidir. Güneyde Hamburg eyaletinden, kuzeyde Danimarka'ya kadar uzanır ve Jutland Yarımadasının güney yarısını kaplar. Yüzölçümü 15.729 km'dir. Doğuda Baltık Denizi, batıda Kuzey Denizi, güneydoğuda da Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eyaleti ile çevrilidir. Yönetim merkezi Kiel'dir.

Tarihçe
Schleswig ve Holstein tarih boyunca Danimarka, İsveç, Kutsal Roma-Cermen İmparatorluğu, Prusya ve Avusturya arasında anlaşmazlık konusu oldu ve bölgede zaman zaman iç çatışmalar yaşandı. 12. yüzyılda düklük olan Schleswig, 1864'e değin Danimarka'ya bağlı kaldı. Daha bağımsız bir gelişme gösteren Holstein ise önce kontluk, 1474'ten sonra da düklük olarak Kutsal Roma-Germen İmparatorluğu'na bağlandı ve 1815'ten sonra yeni kurulan Alman Konfederasyonu'na katıldı.

1840'larda bölgedeki ulusal azınlıkların hakları, Danimarka krallık ailesinin veraset hakları ve Danimarka'nın iki düklükteki çıkarları gibi sorunlar nedeniyle bu iki bölge, Almanya'da önderliği ele geçirmek isteyen Prusya'yla Avusturya arasında çekişme konusu oldu. Prag Antlaşması'yla (1866) tek bir eyalet olarak Prusya'ya bağlandı. Ama bölgede yaşayan Almanlar ayrı bir Alman devleti kurmak istediğinden, birleşme çeşitli sorunlara yol açtı. Versailles Antlaşması uyarınca 1920'de yapılan halk oylamasıyla, farklı ulusların yaşadığı bölgelere uygun düşen sınırlar çizildi ve Schleswig bölgesinin kuzeyi (şimdi Danimarka'nın Güney Jutland ili) Danimarka'ya bağlandı. Schleswig-Holstein II. Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra eyalet statüsü kazandı ve ilk eyalet meclisi 1947'de göreve başladı.

Coğrafya
Eyalet yüzey şekilleri bakımından doğu, orta ve batı olmak üzere üç bölgeye ayrılabilir. Genç buzultaşlarından oluşan doğudaki tepelerde, çok sayıda göl vardır. Bu yöre, kil, mil ve kum karışımı toprağıyla Almanya'nın en verimli bölgesidir. Eyaletin ortasındaki eski buzultaşlarından oluşan dağlık bölge ise ancak iki yüzyıldan beri işlenebilen verimsiz topraklarla kaplıdır.

Schleswig-Holstein, Gulf Stream'in etkisinde olduğundan kışlar ve yazlar ılık geçer. Ortalama yıllık sıcaklık 8 °C'dir. Nem ve yağış oranının (yılda ortalama 76 mm) yüksekliği, bitkilerin gelişmesine elverişli bir ortam yaratmıştır. Buna karşılık sert rüzgârlar, toprağın üst tabakasının aşınmasına ve kurumasına neden olmaktadır.

İdari bölümler
Schleswig-Holstein 11 ilçe  ve 4 büyük şehirden oluşmaktadır.

Demografik yapı
Halkın çoğu kentlerde yaşar. En kalabalık kentler, eyaletin yönetim ve sanayi merkezi olan Kiel ile Lübeck, Neumünster ve Flensburg'dur. II. Dünya Savaşı'nın sonunda ordu birliklerinin bölgeden çekilmesi, 1 milyonun üzerinde insanın buraya yerleştirilmesi ve çoğu doğudan gelen göçmenler toplumsal sorunlara ve nüfusun savaş öncesine göre yaklaşık iki kat artmasına neden olmuştur. Nüfus, 30 Temmuz 2005 itibarıyla 2.828.986'dir.

Dil ve din
Aşağı Almancanın Holstein lehçesi bölgede hâlâ konuşulmaktadır. Eyaletin kuzeyindeki Danca konuşan azınlığın kendi okulları vardır. 2000 yılı tarihli istatistiklere göre eyalet nüfusunun yüzde 63,8'i Protestan, yüzde 6,1'i ise Katolik Kilisesi'ne mensuptur. Resmî  verilere göre eyalette yaşayan Müslüman sayısı 25.000'dir.

Ekonomi
Başlıca tarımsal ürünler buğday, şekerkamışı ve patatestir. Hayvancılık ve mandıracılık eyalete bitkisel ürünlerden daha fazla gelir sağlar. Eyaletteki orman varlığı çok zengin olmamakla birlikte, başka bölgelerdeki ormanları oluşturan fidanların çoğu burada yetiştirildiğinden, Schleswig-Holstein "Alman ormanlarının beşiği" olarak anılır.

Sanayinin eyalet ekonomisindeki payı gitgide artmaktadır. Başlıca sanayi dalları makine, elektrikli eşya, kâğıt, dokuma ve giyim eşyası üretimi ile gemi yapımıdır. Turizm gelişme yolundadır.

Uzun kıyı şeridi ve stratejik konumu nedeniyle eyalet yüzyıllar boyunca deniz trafiği açısından önem taşımıştır. Baltık kıyısındaki fiyortlarda eyaletin büyük liman kentleri olan Kiel, Lübeck ve Flensburg yer alır. Eyaleti boydan boya geçen Kiel Kanalı Kuzey Deniziyle Baltık Denizini birleştirir. Hamburg yakınlarındaki Kaltenkirchen'de sesüstü uçakların inebileceği büyük bir havaalanı yapılmaktadır.

Eğitim ve kültür
Eğitim düzeyinin çok yüksek olduğu eyaletteki başlıca yükseköğretim kurumu Kiel Üniversitesi'dir (1665). 1964'te Lübeck'te bir tıp fakültesi açılmıştır. Eyalette ayrıca iki öğretmen okulu ile çeşitli yükseköğretim kurumları vardır. Yetişkinlerin eğitimine ve kütüphanelere eskiden beri büyük önem verilmektedir. Eyalette yaklaşık 50 müze bulunur. Avrupa'nın en eski ekonomik araştırma merkezlerinden biri olan Kiel'deki Dünya Ekonomi Enstitüsü'nün siyasal iktisat alanında çok büyük bir kütüphanesi vardır.

Başlıca yerleşim yerleri

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Resmi web sitesi

Schleswig-Holstein


est un genre éteint de dinosaures Hadrosauroidea de la période du Crétacé inférieur. Il vivait au début du Crétacé (âge aptien-albien) dans ce qui est aujourd'hui le bassin de Yujingzi dans la région de Jiuquan, province de Gansu au nord-ouest de la Chine. Il est connu par l'holotype - GSGM F00001, un spécimen articulé comprenant un crâne complet, un squelette axial presque complet et une ceinture pelvienne gauche complète du groupe Xinminpu. Xuwulong a été nommé par You Hailu, Li Daqing et Liu Weichang en 2011 et l'espèce type est  ; le nom binomial dans son ensemble fait référence au professeur Wang Yue-lun ; « Xu-wu » est son nom de courtoisie.

Liens externes

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Ornithischia
Genre de dinosaures non aviens (nom scientifique)
Taxon fossile décrit en 2011
Paléontologie en Chine

Xuwulong


|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" align=center
! colspan="4" | Natjecatelj za  Hrvatsku

Romana Župan (Zadar, 22. svibnja 1987.), hrvatska jedriličarka.

Natjecala se na Olimpijskim igrama 2012. u klasi 470 i osvojila je 17. mjesto.

Na Mediteranskim igrama 2013. osvojila je srebro u klasi 470.

Bila je članica Svetog Krševana i Uskoka iz Zadra.

Izvori

Hrvatski jedriličari

Romana Župan


Middle Creek Township ist der Name folgender Townships in den Vereinigten Staaten:

 Middle Creek Township (Kansas)
 Middle Creek Township (North Carolina)

Siehe auch:
 Middlecreek Township

Middle Creek Township


الكولبس أو الكولُبُسات البيضاء والسوداء  هو  من الحيوانات يتبع  سعادين العالم القديم من  الرئيسيات. موطنها الأصلي أفريقيا. تألف العيش في الأحراج وخاصة تلك القريبة من الأنهار، ويوجد بكثرة في الكاميرون وغينيا الاستوائية والغابون وهو يعيش على الأشجار ولا ينزل إلى الأرض إلا للحصول على الأملاح والنباتات المائية من المستنقعات، وهو ينتقل على قمم الأشجار بقفزات مذهلة للغاية، ويساعده لون معطفه الأسود والأبيض على الاختفاء بين أوراق الأشجار وبإمكانه أيضاً أن يبقى صامتاً لساعات عند شعوره بالخطر وهو عاشب يقتات بالأوراق والثمار.
إن هذا القرد يشكل مجموعة تتألف من سبعة قرود، يقودها الذكر الكبير في المجموعة، ويصل الذكر إلى تمام نضجه الجنسي في السنة الرابعة من عمره، والانثى في السنة السادسة، وليس للتكاثر نمط معين وللأنثى مهد واحد كل سنتين. لهذا الحيوان جسم كبير ومعطفه الأسود له بقعة بيضاء كبيرة تمتدُ من الكتفين إلى الذيل وله أيضاً حلقة بيضاء واسعة في أجزائه الخلفية، والذيل أسودٌ عند قاعدته، أبيضٌ من طرفه.

أنواع الكولبس
 كولبس أنغولي
 كولبس أبلق
 كولبس الملك
 كولبس شيطاني
 كولبس سميك الصوف

مراجع

آكلات العشب
أصنوفات سماها يوهان كارل ويليام إيليجر
كولبس
رئيسيات إفريقيا

كولبس


Koben (Kobus kob) er en sumpantilope, der er udbredt i subsaharisk Afrika fra Senegal til Sydsudan, f.eks. på flodsletter med græs. Det er den hyppigste antilope i Afrika, næstefter den blå gnu. Koben lever i fugtige områder, hvor den græsser morgen og aften. Den har brunlig pels med hvide markeringer på hoved og hals samt sorte striber på benene. Hannen har lyreformede horn med kraftige ringe.

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

Dyr fra Østafrika
Dyr fra Vestafrika
Skedehornede

Kob


Yazılı Kanyon, Isparta ili Sütçüler ilçesinde bulunan kanyon ve tabiat parkıdır.Çandır Köyü hudutları içerisinde kalan park, 1989 yılında tabiat parkı olarak tescil edilmiştir. Yazılı denmesinin sebebi kanyonda büyük bir kaya üzerinde eski Yunan şairlerinden Epiktetos'un Hür İnsan Üzerine Bir Şiir'inin yer almasıdır. Bizans dönemine ait ibadet yerleri tapınaklar ve kaya yazıtları üzerinde yer alan şiirin dizeleri şöyledir;

Aziz Paul, Perge'den Pisidia Antiocheia'ya giderken bu kanyondan geçmiştir. Bu yüzden kanyon, hristiyanlar ve din turizmi için de kutsal yerlerden birisi sayılıyor. Her yıl ortalama 50 bin ziyaretçi ağırlayan Yazılı Kanyon Tabiat Parkı, çevresindeki biyoçeşitlilik ve doğal yaşam alanı olması sebebi ile Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Doğa Koruma ve Milli Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü bünyesinde koruma altına alınmıştır.

Aktivite
Yazılı Kanyon Tabiat Parkı, doğa ile iç içe yapısı, canlı habitatı ile birçok ağaç çeşidine, endemik türe ve yaban hayvanlarına ev sahipliği yapması yapmaktadır. Bu nedenle doğa severler tarafından çok sık ziyaret edilir. Kanyonda dinlenmek ve doğayı keşfetmek, doğa fotoğrafçılığı, doğa yürüyüşü, kaya tırmanışı ve kampçılık gibi birçok aktivite yapmak mümkündür. Kanyonun içinden akan Göksu Irmağı kenarında bulunan restoranlarda yeme içme imkanı vardır.

Ulaşım
Yazılı Kanyona ulaşım için Isparta -Antalya yolu üzerindeki Sütçüler ilçesinden Kanyona Gider tabelalarını takip ederek kolayca ulaşılabilir. Yazılı Kanyon Tabiat Parkı Isparta Merkeze 67 km, Antalya merkeze ise 117 km mesafede bulunur.

Kaynakça

Türkiye'nin kanyonları
Türkiye'deki tabiat parkları
Sütçüler
Eğirdir
1989'da Türkiye'de kurulan oluşumlar
1989'da kurulan korumalı bölgeler
Isparta'daki parklar

Yazılı Kanyon Tabiat Parkı


Norcarane, or bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane, is a colorless liquid. It is an organic compound prepared using the Simmons–Smith reaction, by the action of diiodomethane and a zinc-copper couple on cyclohexene in diethyl ether.

References

Hydrocarbons
Cyclopropanes
Cyclohexanes
Bicycloalkanes

Norcarane


بلدية أميفا (بالإسبانية: Amieva) هي بلدية تقع في منطقة أستورياس شمال غرب إسبانيا.

الديموغرافيا
بلغ عدد سكان بلدية أميفا 804 نسمة عام 2011 (وفقاً للمعهد الوطني للإحصاء الإسباني).

مراجع

مصادر
  الموقع الرسمي لبلدية أميفا

بلديات أشتورية

أميفا


Hermann Holzheimer (* 23. Oktober 1928 in Aschaffenburg; † 4. Januar 2012 in Schmalwasser, Landkreis Rhön-Grabfeld) war ein deutscher Diplomat, der unter anderem Botschafter in Chile sowie im Irak war.

Leben
Der Sohn eines Psychologen und Schulrates wuchs in Würzburg auf und studierte nach seinem Abitur am Johann-Philipp-von-Schönborn-Gymnasium in Münnerstadt Rechtswissenschaften und Volkswirtschaftslehre an der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg sowie der Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg.

Nach Abschluss des Studiums trat er 1954 in den Auswärtigen Dienst ein und war zunächst Attaché an den Auslandsvertretungen in Genf und Antwerpen, ehe er zwischen 1956 und 1960 Konsul in Brasilien war. Nach einer Verwendung im Auswärtigen Amt war er von 1963 bis 1969 an der Botschaft in Indien tätig. Danach kehrte er als Botschaftsrat an die Botschaft in Brasilien zurück und war daraufhin zwischen 1972 und 1975 Referatsleiter für Deutsche Auslandsschulen im Auswärtigen Amt in Bonn tätig, in dem er auch die Verantwortung für die Betreuung der Goethe-Institute trug.

Anschließend blieb er im Auswärtigen Amt und war dort als Vertreter von Franz Jochen Schoeller von 1975 bis 1980 stellvertretender Chef des Protokolls. Am 19. Mai 1978 wurde er zum Großoffizier des Ordens des Infanten Dom Henrique ernannt.

Nach Beendigung dieser Tätigkeit erhielt er 1980 seine Akkreditierung als Botschafter im Irak.

Danach war er zwischen 1983 und 1986 Botschafter in Chile, und hatte sich während dieser Zeit als Nachfolger von Erich Strätling auch mit der Problematik um die Colonia Dignidad zu befassen. Obwohl immer mal wieder Gerüchte und Berichte über die tatsächlichen Zustände in der streng abgeschirmten Kolonie, nicht zuletzt auch über mysteriöse Todesfälle, nach draußen drangen, behandelte die deutsche Botschaft das Problem auch unter Strätling-Nachfolger Hermann Holzheimer lange dilatorisch. Erst als im Februar 1985 zwei Eheleuten die Flucht gelang, änderte sich die Lage. Immer noch vorsichtig, kabelte Holzheimer seine 'Auffassung' nach Bonn,
"dass der chilenischen Seite unsere Erkenntnisse über die Lebensbedingungen in der Colonia Dignidad nicht vorenthalten werden sollten".
Er fügte hinzu:
"Wichtiger wäre allerdings, dass die in vielem an ein Konzentrationslager gemahnenden Lebensbedingungen... geändert werden und Herrn Schäfer nicht weiter Gelegenheit gegeben wird, Kinder bei sich schlafen zu lassen..."

Im Anschluss war Holzheimer von 1986 bis 1989 stellvertretender Generalsekretär der Westeuropäischen Union in London.

Ehrungen
 1978: Großoffizier des Ordens des Infanten Dom Henrique
 1979: Großoffizier des Verdienstordens der Italienischen Republik
 1980: Verdienstkreuz 1. Klasse der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Veröffentlichungen
 Diplomatenlatein, Autobiografie 2002

Weblinks
 Eintrag in prabook.com
 Hermann Holzheimer gestorben. Deutscher Botschafter im Irak und in Chile. In: Main-Post vom 6. Januar 2012

Einzelnachweise

Deutscher Botschafter im Irak
Deutscher Botschafter in Chile
Träger des Bundesverdienstkreuzes 1. Klasse
Träger des Ordens des Infanten Dom Henrique (Großoffizier)
Träger des Verdienstordens der Italienischen Republik (Großoffizier)
Deutscher
Geboren 1928
Gestorben 2012
Mann

Hermann Holzheimer


Forrest Grady "Spec" Towns (February 6, 1914 – April 9, 1991) was an American track and field athlete. He was the 1936 Olympic champion in the 110 m hurdles and broke the world record in that event three times.

Born in Fitzgerald, Georgia, Towns grew up in Augusta, Georgia, where he played football in high school at Richmond Academy. In 1933, he earned a football scholarship to the University of Georgia (UGA) after a sports journalist had seen him high jumping in his backyard.

Rather than high jumping, Towns specialized in the high hurdles, winning NCAA and AAU titles in the 120 y hurdles event in 1935. It was the beginning of a 60 race winning streak, lasting until 1937.

In 1936, Towns was named to the American Olympic team, becoming the first Georgian to achieve this. During the Olympics in Berlin, Germany, Towns became the world record holder with 14.1, and he won the Olympic gold in 14.2.  Also, he became the first Georgian to earn Olympic Gold.  Shortly after the Games, he became the first hurdler under 14 seconds. At a race in Oslo, he dramatically improved the world record to 13.7 – a time that would stand until 1950.

After college, Towns became head track and field coach at his alma mater, Georgia, a position he held until 1975. In 1991, he died of a heart attack in Athens, Georgia at age 77. He was honored at the University with the naming of the Spec Towns Track, and an annual meet called the Spec Towns Invitational.

Towns was the official starter for the first-ever Peachtree Road Race on July 4, 1970.

See also
 Olympic medalists in athletics (men)

Greek bibliography: Andreou,Evangelos: "The star of champion shone..." Ed. EUARCE 2011 ('"Forrest Towns" p. 30,105') Ευάγγελος Ανδρέου, Το αστέρι του πρωταθλητή άναψε... / ο βαλκανιονίκης του μεσοπολέμου Γιάννης Σκιαδάς, EUARCE 2011    ("Φόρεστ Τάουνς/Forrest Towns" σ.30,105)

References

External links

 Extensive biography
 Georgia Sports Hall of Fame profile
 Forrest "Spec" Towns at the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame

1914 births
1991 deaths
American male hurdlers
Athletes (track and field) at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in track and field
Georgia Bulldogs men's track and field athletes
Georgia Bulldogs track and field coaches
Georgia Bulldogs football coaches
People from Fitzgerald, Georgia
Track and field athletes from Georgia (U.S. state)
Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Georgia Bulldogs football players

Forrest Towns


Düztabanlık (Pes planus), ayaktabanındaki uzunlamasına veya enlemesine olan ayak kemerlerinden birinin düzleşmesi veya ortadan kalkmasıdır. Bu durum yaylanma olanağını ortadan kaldrır ve yürüyüş, koşma sırasında normal hareket edilmesini engeller.

Düztabanlık doğuştan olabildiği gibi, kas zayıflığından da kaynaklanabilir. Düzeltici hareketler ve ayakkabılar içine konulacak ortopedik tabanlıklarla, düztabanlık giderilebilir.

Düztabanlık, ayak tabanındaki uzunlamasına veya enlemesine olan ayak kemerlerinden birinin düzleşmesi veya ortadan kalkması sonucu ortaya çıkan bir durumdur. Bu durum, ayak tabanının normalden daha düz ve desteksiz olması anlamına gelir. Düztabanlık, yaylanma yeteneğini azaltır ve yürüyüş ile koşu gibi aktiviteler sırasında doğal hareketi kısıtlayabilir.

Düztabanlık, kişinin yaşamının herhangi bir döneminde gelişebileceği gibi doğuştan da olabilir. Bunun yanı sıra, kas zayıflığı, tendon problemleri veya yaşlanma gibi faktörler de düztabanlığın nedenleri arasında yer alabilir. Özellikle çocukluk döneminde gelişen düztabanlık, kemik ve kas yapılarının gelişimine bağlı olarak zamanla düzelme eğilimi gösterebilir.

Düztabanlık durumunda, doğru destek ve tedavi yöntemleriyle rahatlama sağlanabilir. Özellikle düzeltici egzersizler ve özel ortopedik tabanlıklar, ayak kavisini destekleyerek düztabanlığın etkilerini azaltabilir. Ayrıca, uygun ayakkabı seçimi de önemlidir; iyi destek sağlayan ve ayak anatomisine uygun ayakkabılar düztabanlık sorununu hafifletebilir.

Kas iskelet hastalıkları
Konjenital bozukluklar

Düztabanlık


İo ( ), Yunan mitolojisinde Zeus'un ölümlü aşıklarından biriydi. Bir Argos prensesiydi.  Perseus, Kadmos, Herakles, Minos, Lynceos, Kepheos ve Danaos gibi birçok kral ve kahramanın atasıydı. Astronom Simon Marius 1614'de Jüpiter'in ayına onun adını vermiştir. Erkek kardeşi Phoroneus olduğu için, İo, ayrıca Phoronis olarak da bilinirdi. İo bazen tanrıça Isis ile karşılaştırılmıştır ve bu durumda Mısırlı kocası Telegonus  "Osiris"tir.

Aile
Efsanenin çoğu versiyonunda, Io, İnakhos'un  kızıydı, ancak diğer çeşitli soy kütükleri de bilinmektedir. Babasının İnakhos olsaydı, o zaman annesi muhtemelen İnakhos'un eşi (ve kardeşi) olan Okenaos'un kızı okenaid Melia olurdu. MS 2. yüzyıl coğrafyacısı Pausanias da onun İnakhos'un kızı olduğunu öne sürüyor ve Zeus'un İo'ya aşık olması, Hera'nın efsanevi gazabı ve Io'nun güzel bir beyaz düveye dönüüşümünü anlatır. Birkaç kuşak sonra Pausanias başka bit İo'dan daha bahseder; Phoroneus'un soyundan gelen İasos'un kızıdır. İasos da Argos ve İsmene'nin oğludur.  Io'nun babasına Kadınlar Kataloğu'nda  ve Acusilaus  muhtemelen Peiras, Peiranthus veya Peirasus olarak da bilinen yaşlı Argos'un oğlu denirdi. Bu nedenle İo, İskenderiyeli Hesychius'un önerdiği gibi, Peiranthos'un kızı Callithyia ile aynı kişi olabilir.

Mitoloji

Io, Argos'taki Tanrıça Hera'nın  bir rahibesiydi ve bu inancı babası İnakhos Argos halkına tanıştırmış olmalıydı. Zeus, ölümlü bir kadın olan İo'yu fark etti ve ona şehvetle istedi. Efsanenin Zincire Vurulmuş Prometheus oyununda anlatılan versiyonunda, İo, Zeus'un isteğini başlangıçta reddetti, ta ki babası onu kahinlerin tavsiyesi üzerine evinden kovana kadar. Bazı hikâyelere göre Zeus, İo'yu karısından saklamak için bir düveye (inek) dönüştürür; diğerleri, Hera'nın kendisinin İo'yu dönüştürdüğünü iddia eder.

Zeus'un İo'yu düveye dönüştürdüğü versiyonda, Zeus Hera'yı aldatamadı ve Hera, Zeus'a düveyi hediye olarak vermesi için yalvardı, Zeus onu reddetmek için hiçbir neden sunamadı. Böylece düveye dönmüş İo'yu karısına hediye olarak verdi. Hera daha sonra 100 gözü olan bir dev Argos Panoptes'i Io'yu göz kulak olması için başına dikti ve Zeus'un düveyi ziyaret etmesini engellemesini istedi. Böylece Zeus Hermes'i Argos'un dikkatini dağıtması ve öldürmesi için gönderdi. Ovid'e göre, Hermes önce panpipe çalarak ve hikâyeler anlatarak Argos'u  uyuttu ve sonra öldürdü. Zeus, hala bir düve formunda olan Io'yu serbest bıraktı. Bazı efsanelerde Hera, yardımlarından dolayı Argos'a teşekkür etmek için onun gözlerini tavus kuşunun tüylerini süslemek için kullandı.

İntikamını almak için Hera, sürekli olarak Io'yu sokan bir at sineği musallat etti ve bu yüzden İo, at sineğinden kaçarken dünyayı hiç dinlenmeden dolaşmaya dolaşmaya başladı. İo, sonunda Propontis ile Karadeniz arasından geçti ve böylece İstanbul Boğazı, öküz geçidi anlamına gelen Bosphorus adını aldı ve burada Zeus'un Kafkas Dağı'nda zincirlediği Prometheus ile tanıştı. Prometheus, insan formuna geri döndürüleceği ve tüm kahramanların en büyüğü Herakles'in (Herkül) atası olacağı bilgisiyle İo'yu teselli etti. İo, İyon Denizi'ni geçerek Mısır'a kaçtı ve burada Zeus tarafından insan formuna geri getirildi. Orada Zeus'tan Epafos isimli bir oğlu ve Keroessa isimli bir kızı oldu. Daha sonra Mısır kralı Telegonus ile evlendi. Aeschylus'un The Suppliants oyununda bahsedildiği gibi, torunu Danaos sonunda elli kızıyla(Danaidler) birlikte Yunanistan'a döndü.

Genellikle "Argos katili" olarak tercüme edilen Hermes Argeiphontes olarak adlandırdığı İo efsanesi, Homeros tarafından iyi bilinmiş olmalıdır, ancak bu yorum Robert Beekes tarafından tartışılmaktadır. Walter Burkert , Io'nun hikâyesinin eski destan geleneğinde en az dört kez anlatıldığını ve izlerinin bulunduğunu belirtiyor : Danais'te, Phoronis'te - Hyginus'un Fabulae 143 ve 274 satırlarına göre Phoroneus Hera inancını kurdu— Hesiodik Aigimios'un bir parçasında ve benzer şekilde tam metin olarak ulaşamamış Hesiodik Kadın Kataloğu'nda. Klasik zamanlarda,  Argos'un Heraion'unda İo için bir yas tutma töreni gözlemlenmiştir.

Eskiler, İo'yu Ay ile ilişkilendirmiştir  ve İo'nun Prometheus ile karşılaştığı Aiskhylos'un  Zincire vurulmuş Prometheus oyununda, İo'dan "boynuzlu bakire" olarak bahseder. Kız kardeşi olarak Phoroneus ile olan ilişkisinden (veya soyundan gelen) olarak İo'ya bazen Phoronis denir.

İsis olarak Io
Ligdus ve karısı Telethusa , Girit'te yaşayan fakir bir çiftti. Telethusa hamile kaldığında, kocası ona bir kız çocuğu sahibi olmayı göze alamayacaklarını ve eğer kız olacaksa çocuğu öldürmekten başka seçeneklerinin olmadığını söyledi. 8 ay sonra Io, daha sonra Isis olarak bahsedilen hikâyede, Telethusa'ya kızı doğduğunda onu tutması gerektiğini söyleyen bir vizyonla geldi. ve kocasına onun Iphis adında bir çocuk olduğunu söylemesi gerekir.

Hikâyenin ilerleyen bölümlerinde, Isis (Io), nişanlısı Ianthe ile evlenmesi gerektiğinde Iphis'in cinsiyetini değiştirir.

Galeri

Soyağacı

Notlar

Kaynakça

 Ovid . Metamorfozlar, Cilt I: Kitaplar 1-8 . Frank Justus Miller tarafından çevrilmiştir. GP Goold tarafından revize edilmiştir. Loeb Klasik Kütüphane No. 42. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1916. Harvard University Press'in çevrimiçi versiyonu  .
 Peck, William Thane (editör), Ovid'in Metamorfozlarının Birinci ve İkinci Kitapları, Ginn & Company, 1900.
 Tsagalis, Christos, Erken Yunan Epik Parçaları I: Antikacı ve Soybilim Destanı, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2017. ISBN'si 9783110532876
 Theoi.com: Io: Argolis ve Mısır'ın naiad perisi  Yunan ve Latin edebiyatındaki temel referansları çeviride bir araya getirir.
 De Verda koleksiyonundan Goltzius'un Io gravürleri
 Warburg Institute İkonografik Veritabanı (Io ve Argus'un yaklaşık 250 resmi)

CS1 maint: extra text: authors list
Yunan mitolojisi kahramanları
Yunan mitolojisinde metamorfoz
Yunan mitolojisinde kadınlar

İo (mitoloji)


Shams El Karanfily , , es un escultor contemporáneo egipcio, nacido el año 1965.

Vida y obras
Licenciado en bellas Artes por la Universidad de Helwan en la especialidad de Escultura el año 1988; obtuvo una Maestría en la misma Universidad en 1995, Doctor en 2001. Es miembro de la Asociación de Artistas y actualmente profesor en el Departamento de Educación Artística de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Benha.

Su obra está representada en colecciones públicas, en los fondos de la Biblioteca de Alejandría y en el Museo de Arte Moderno de El Cairo y la Biblioteca Mubarak en El Cairo, en colecciones privadas de Egipto y en el extranjero.

Notas y referencias

Enlaces externos

Enlaces externos

Escultores de Egipto
Escultores del siglo XX
Escultores del siglo XXI
Egipcios del siglo XX
Egipcios del siglo XXI

Shams El Karanfily


El Mazda CX-5 es un automóvil SUV del segmento C que la marca japonesa Mazda lanzó al mercado a principios de 2012. En 2018 se renovó por completo, dando paso a la segunda generación del modelo. Tiene cinco plazas, carrocería de cinco puertas, motor delantero transversal y tracción delantera o a las cuatro ruedas. Reemplaza al Mazda Tribute y en algunos mercados al Mazda CX-7, y tiene como principales rivales al Honda CR-V, el Hyundai ix35, el Kia Sportage, el Nissan Qashqai, el Toyota RAV4, el Citroën C5 Aircross, el Ford Kuga, el Opel Grandland X, el Peugeot 3008, el Renault Kadjar, el SEAT Ateca y el Volkswagen Tiguan.

Primera generación

La primera generación del modelo se mostró como prototipo en el Salón del Automóvil de Ginebra de 2011 y se presentó en su versión de producción en el Salón del Automóvil de Frankfurt de 2012. Es el primer modelo de Mazda diseñado bajo el concepto de KODO - Soul of Motion, y el primero que usa la tecnología SKYACTIV de mejora de la relación consumo/prestaciones, que inicia desde cero sin antecedentes semejantes, el diseño de carrocería, motores y nuevos equipamientos.

En un principio, su motor de gasolina iba a ser uno de 2,0 litros atmosférico de 153 a 165 CV, y el Diésel uno 2,2 litros de 150 o 175 CV. En la actualidad ya se cuenta con un motor 2.5 litros atmosférico con 186 hp de potencia y 184 lb-ft de par motor.

Para el modelo 2014, obtuvo el reconocimiento Top Safety Pick +  otorgado por la IIHS, lo que lo coloca como una de las SUV compactas más seguras en el mercado, superando a la Toyota RAV4. Esto también se le puede atribuir a la tecnología SkyActiv, ya que tiene como objetivo, crear carrocerías más rígidas con el menor peso posible.

Segunda generación

Mazda renovó por completo la CX-5, para llegar a los distribuidores a mediados del año 2017. Se redefinió el diseño exterior e interior, y le otorgó nuevo equipamiento.
El vehículo presenta una evolución en su plataforma y una evolución del diseño KODO. Además  equipa Skyactiv y la nueva tecnología G-Vectoring Control de Mazda.
Todo lo anterior lo hace destacar por el nivel de refinamiento, equipamiento, tecnología y diseño.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Gama Mazda CX-5 España

Cx-5
Modelos de automóviles todoterreno
Modelos de automóviles del segmento C
Vehículos utilitarios deportivos compactos

Mazda CX-5


186 (CLXXXVI) cumartesi günü başlayan bir yıldır.

Olaylar
 Galya'da köylüler Maternus öncülüğünde ayaklandı.

Doğumlar
 4 Nisan - Caracalla, Roma İmparatoru (ö. 217)

Ölümler
 21 Nisan - Apollonius, Hristiyan aziz
 Bian Zhang, Çinli general (d. 133)

186


Figment is the mascot of the Imagination! pavilion at the Epcot theme park at Walt Disney World Resort. He is a small purple dragon with a runaway imagination, which serves as a plot device in Journey into Imagination with Figment, the most recent edition of the pavilion, and he is featured in Epcot merchandise.

History
Figment was created by Tony Baxter, who came up with the name "Figment" after watching an episode of Magnum, P.I., in which a goat has eaten Higgins' (John Hillerman) flowers and Higgins says, "Don't tell me [the goat is] a figment of my imagination. Figments don't eat rare tropical flowers".

The Journey Into Imagination pavilion opened with the rest of EPCOT Center on October 1, 1982, but the Journey Into Imagination dark ride did not open until March 5, 1983. In the original attraction, Dreamfinder, a jolly wizard-like scientist, teaches Figment how to use his imagination. Figment is meant to be the literal embodiment of the phrase "figment of the imagination". He is composed of various elements Dreamfinder found in his travels including two tiny wings, large yellow eyes, the horns of a steer (or dilemma, according to a 1983 appearance on the Today Show), a crocodile's snout, and the childish delight found at a birthday party. Figment is described in detail in the Dreamfinder's song "One Little Spark" (by the Sherman Brothers). Dreamfinder introduces him: "Two tiny wings, eyes big and yellow, horns of a steer, but a lovable fellow. From head to tail, he's royal purple pigment, and there, voila, you've got a Figment".

Though taking on many disguises within the attractions, including being a superhero, a cowboy, a knight, a skunk, a dancer, a mountain climber, and a pirate, Figment seems to have some special aspirations to be an astronaut, from being seen in a spacesuit in the original and current attractions to dialogue in the original stating "I wish I could be an astronaut. I bet I can use imagination to discover all kinds of new things!" Because of this, Figment is frequently portrayed in merchandising in a spacesuit, in addition to some of his other roles.

In 1999, Disney radically refurbished the Journey Into Imagination attraction as part of its Millennium Celebration at Epcot, removing Dreamfinder and Figment except for fleeting glimpses of the dragon. That version, titled Journey Into Your Imagination, was a completely new experience in which Dr. Nigel Channing (Eric Idle of Monty Python fame) led a tour of the fictional Imagination Institute. The Channing character originated in the adjacent Honey, I Shrunk the Audience 3-D movie attraction.

In the current version, Figment's creativity has a bit of a larger effect on the world around him, be it transforming a large smell emitting machine into a slot machine, turning his house upside down, actually rearranging an otherwise static eye chart, and transforming the Institute into something almost reminiscent of the original in the finale. He can also pull a pair of glasses out of thin air to put onto Dr. Channing in the introduction and quickly change into a skunk costume in the Smell Lab.

After numerous complaints about the revamped attraction, including a Disney stockholder who questioned CEO Michael Eisner about Figment's absence during the company's annual shareholders meeting, a modest 2002 refurbishment modified the 1999 version to add the dragon as a playful foil for Dr. Channing throughout the Imagination Institute tour. The new version pointedly was branded Journey Into Imagination with Figment.

In the original attraction, Figment was voiced by Billy Barty; in the version in-between, Corey Burton portrayed Figment, and in the current version, Muppeteer Dave Goelz provides the voice, because Barty had died before the second version had shut down.

Outside the attractions at Epcot, Figment appeared in several Disney-produced educational short films in the late '80s, two of which featured Peter Pan and Alice from Alice in Wonderland (each played by a live-action actor), and has a brief cameo as a painting in the Pixar films Inside Out and Toy Story 4. Additionally, Disney and Marvel published Disney Kingdoms: Figment, a five issue miniseries focused on the origins of Figment and Dreamfinder, starting in June 2014, which was followed up with a sequel Disney Kingdoms: Figment 2 in October 2015. In 2017 Figment also made an appearance in the Guardians of the Galaxy Mission: Breakout! dark ride attraction in Disney California Adventure as a collector's item in the Collector's archive.

A film centered around the character is currently in development at Disney, with Seth Rogen producing under his Point Grey Pictures banner, Dan Hernandez and Benji Samit writing the screenplay.

Figment was announced as an unlockable racer in the Disney Speedstorm arcade racing game and was introduced when the game launched in early access on April 18, 2023. He is voiced in the game by A. J. LoCascio.

Filmography
 Would You Eat a Blue Potato? (September 1988 – 15 min)
 What Can You See By Looking? (September 1988 – 15 min)
 Do Dragons Dream? (September 1988 – 15 min)
 How Does It Feel to be an Elephant? (September 1988 – 15 min)
 How Does It Feel to Fly? (September 1988 – 14 min)
 How Does Sound Sound? (September 1988 – 14 min)
 Reading Magic with Figment and Peter Pan (August 1989 – 15 min)
 Writing Magic with Figment and Alice in Wonderland (August 1989 – 15 min)
 What's an Abra Without a Cadabra? (September 1989 – 15 min)
 Where Does Time Fly? (September 1989 – 17 min)
Case of the Missing Space (September 1989 – 16 min)
 Figment (TBA)

References

Characters of the Disney theme parks
Dragon mascots
Fictional characters introduced in 1983
Fictional characters who can duplicate themselves
Fictional characters who can teleport
Imagination! (Epcot pavilion)
Fictional shapeshifters
Branded product covers

Figment (Disney)


Utakmice za prvaka 2. ŽNL NS Vinkovci
4. lipnja 2008.: NK Hrvatski Sokol Mirkovci - NK Slavonac Komletinci 3:1
7. lipnja 2008.: NK Slavonac Komletinci - NK Hrvatski Sokol Mirkovci 5:2

Prvak 2. ŽNL Vukovarsko-srijemske NS Vinkovci je postao NK Slavonac Komletinci.

Bilješke
Iako je NK Hrvatski Sokol Mirkovci imao bolju gol razliku od NK Slavonac Komletinci, prvak je odlučen dodatnim dvomečom ova dva kluba
HNK Vinkovci su kažnjeni oduzimanjem 5 bodova
HNK Croatia Novi Jankovci je kažnjena oduzimanjem 1 boda

Izvori

 Županijski nogometni savez Vukovarsko-srijemske županije (podatci dobiveni na osobni upit)

2007-08
vukovarsko-srijemska-2-vinkovci

2. ŽNL Vukovarsko-srijemska NS Vinkovci 2007./08.


An Pterostylis atriola in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni David Lloyd Jones. An Pterostylis atriola in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pterostylis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Tasmania. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pterostylis

Pterostylis atriola


شركة كونوكو فيليبس (رمزها في بورصة نيويورك لمؤتمر الأطراف) هي شركة أمريكية دولية متخصصة في مجال الطاقة يقع مقرها في هيوستن بولاية تكساس وتملك مكاتب في جميع أنحاء العالم. هي خامس أكبر شركة من القطاع الخاص في مجال الطاقة في العالم وتعد واحدة من شركات الست الكبار النفطية , كما احتلت المرتبة 95 في قائمة فوربس لأكبر 500 شركة في الولايات المتحدة من حيث إجمالي الإيرادات .جميع محطات الوقود المعروفة تعمل تحت اسم فيليبس 66 ، كونوكو ، وأسماء 76. ظهرت كونوكو فيليبس من خلال دمج شركتي كونوكو وفيليبس شركة البترول في 30 أغسطس عام 2002.

العمليات
تتركز نشاطات كونوكو فيليبس في استكشاف وتطوير وإنتاج النفط والغاز الطبيعي في مختلف أرجاء العالم , تدير الشركة عملياتها مجزأة على ست مناطق جغرافية وهي :

 ولاية ألاسكا الأمريكية.
 أمريكا الجنوبية.
 كندا.
 أوروبا.
 الجزء الشرقي من آسيا ( المطل على المحيط الهادئ) .
 الشرق الأوسط.

مراجع

الروابط الخارجية

 ConocoPhillips website
 Conoco/Phillips/76 promotional website
 World Internet News: "Big Oil Looking for a Government Handout", April 2006.
 Subsea firm listing
 "COP - ConocoPhillips: 2007 Integrated Oil & Gas Outlook Part I", March 2007.

تأسيسات سنة 2002 في تكساس
شركات طاقة
شركات كيماويات في الولايات المتحدة
شركات متعددة الجنسيات مقرها في الولايات المتحدة
شركات مدرجة في بورصة نيويورك
شركات مقرها في هيوستن (تكساس)
شركات موارد غير متجددة أسست في 2002
شركات نفط أمريكية

كونوكو فيلبس


Lamé ist ein Einschlagkrater auf der Mondvorderseite am östlichen Rand des Mare Fecunditatis, südöstlich des Kraters Langrenus und östlich von Vendelinus.
Der Krater ist stark erodiert und der Wall mehrfach von weiteren Einschlägen überlagert.

Der Krater wurde 1964 von der IAU nach dem französischen Mathematiker Gabriel Lamé offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Lamé auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)

Lamé (Mondkrater)


Bir cismin moleküllerine etki eden yerçekimi kuvvetlerinin bileşkesinin uygulama noktasına ağırlık merkezi denir. Fizikte ve mühendislik hesaplarında işlemlerin basitleştirilmesi için yaygın olarak kullanılır.

Ağırlık Merkezinin Bulunması

Homojen yapılı ve simetrik cisimlerde ağırlık merkezi simetri eksenlerinin kesişme noktasındadır. Basit geometrik şekillerin veya basit geometrik şekillere bölünebilen cisimlerin ağırlık merkezleri çizim yolu ile kolaylıkla bulunabilir.

Yandaki şekilde , bir dirkdörtgenin ağırlık merkezinin , birbirine dik iki kenarın ortalarını birleştirmek sureti ile çizilen doğruların kesişme noktalarının verdiği O noktası olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu nokta aynı zamanda dikdörtgenin köşegenlerinin de kesişim noktasıdır.

Ağırlık Merkezinin Çizim Yoluyla Bulunması

Yandaki şekillerde iki dikdörtgenden oluşan bir cismin ağırlık merkezinin çizim yoluyla bulunuşu gösterilmektedir.

 Cisim şekil 2'de görüldüğü biçimde iki dikdörtgene ayrılır ve oluşan iki yeni dikdörgenin köşegenleri çizilerek, bu dikdörtgenlerin A ve B ağırlık merkezleri bulunur. İki dikdörtgenden oluşan bu cismin ağırlık merkezi AB doğrusu üzerinde olacaktır. Ancak tam yeri belli değildir.
 Şekil 3'te görüldüğü biçimde cisim iki farklı dikdörtgene daha ayrılır, köşegenleri çizilerek C ve D ağırlık merkezleri bulunur. Yine iki dikdörtgenden oluşan bu cismin ağırlık merkezi CD doğrusu üzerinde olacaktır.
 Şekil 4'te görülen biçimde, AB ve CD doğruları kesiştirilir, kesişme noktası olan O noktası cismin ağırlık merkezidir.

Ağırlık Merkezinin Hesap Yoluyla Bulunması

Herhangi n sayıda parçadan oluşan homojen düzlemsel bir cismin, seçilen bir eksen takımına göre ağırlık merkezi yeri olan (,) noktası aşağıdaki bağıntılar yardımıyla hesaplanabilir. Burada ;  parça alanı ,  parçanın x koordinatı ,  parçanın y koordinatıdır.

,

Burada ayrica,

 ,

ya da integral biçimleriyle,

,

büyüklükleri statik momentler olarak tanımlanır, statik momentin birimi cm3'dür . Görüleceği üzere ağırlık merkezi koordinatları, ilgili eksen için statik momentin alana bölümüdür.

Ağırlık merkezinin hesabının daha genel hali aşağıdaki biçimdedir. Karmaşık geometrik şekillerin ağırlık merkezleri bu integraller yardımıyla hesaplanır.

 ,

Yayılı kuvvetler
Kütle
Ortalamalar

Ağırlık merkezi


Mosekonens bryg er en dansk animationsfilm med manuskript af Ib Spang Olsen.

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Børnefilm fra Danmark
Animationsfilm fra Danmark

Mosekonens bryg (film)


Ljónslappi (fræðiheiti Alchemilla alpina) er fjölær jurt af rósaætt (Rosaceae). Hún vex í Evrópu og S-Grænlandi, og á Íslandi vex hún upp í yfir 900m hæð yfir sjó.

Heimildir

Maríustakkar
Plöntur á Íslandi

Ljónslappi


Andreas Heusler henviser til:

 Andreas Heusler (1802-1868) (1802–1868) – schweizisk jurist
 Andreas Heusler (1834-1921) (1834–1921) – schweizisk jurist
 Andreas Heusler (filolog) (1865–1940) – schweizisk filolog

Andreas Heusler


දියසේන අනාගතයේ පහළ වන සිංහල ජාතියේ ගැළවුම්කරුවා යයි සැලකෙන පුරාවෘත්තමය චරිතයකි.

පුරාවෘත්ත

දියසේන


Olaylar
 Resaena Savaşı, III. Gordianus komutasındaki Roma İmparatorluğu ile I. Şapur komutasındaki Sasani İmparatorluğu arasında gerçekleşen savaş

Doğumlar
 Sun Liang, Çin'in Üç İmparatorluk döneminde Wu Hanedanı'nın ikinci imparatoru (ö. 260)

Ölümler

243


Skallastorkur (fræðiheiti: Leptoptilos javanicus), einnig kallaður hinn javanski argali, er tegund storka.

Heimildaskrá

Storkar

Skallastorkur


Andrea Palladio ( ; ; 30 November 1508 – 19 August 1580) was an Italian Renaissance architect active in the Venetian Republic. Palladio, influenced by Roman and Greek architecture, primarily Vitruvius, is widely considered to be one of the most influential individuals in the history of architecture. While he designed churches and palaces, he was best known for country houses and villas. His teachings, summarized in the architectural treatise, The Four Books of Architecture, gained him wide recognition.

The city of Vicenza, with its 23 buildings designed by Palladio, and 24 Palladian villas of the Veneto are listed by UNESCO as part of a World Heritage Site named City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto. The churches of Palladio are to be found within the "Venice and its Lagoon" UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Biography and major works
Palladio was born on 30 November 1508 in Padua and was given the name Andrea di Pietro della Gondola. His father, Pietro, called "della Gondola", was a miller. From an early age, Andrea Palladio was introduced into the work of building. When he was thirteen, his father arranged for him to be an apprentice stonecutter for a period of six years in the workshop of Bartolomeo Cavazza da Sossano, a noted sculptor, whose projects included the altar in the Basilica del Carmine in Padua. Bartolomeo Cavazza is said to have imposed particularly hard working conditions: Palladio fled the workshop in April 1523 and went to Vicenza, but was forced to return to fulfill his contract. In 1524, when his contract was finished, he moved permanently to Vicenza, where he resided for most of his life. He became an assistant to a prominent stonecutter and stonemason, Giovanni di Giacomo da Porlezza in Pedemuro San Biagio, where he joined the guild of stonemasons and bricklayers. He was employed as a stonemason to make monuments and decorative sculptures.

His career was unexceptional until 1538–1539; when he had reached the age of thirty, he was employed by the humanist poet and scholar Gian Giorgio Trissino to rebuild his residence, the Villa Trissino at Cricoli. Trissino was deeply engaged in the study of ancient Roman architecture, particularly the work of Vitruvius, which had become available in print in 1486.

In 1540, Palladio received the formal title of architect. In 1541, he made a first trip to Rome, accompanied by Trissino, to see the classical monuments first-hand. He took another, longer trip to Rome with Trissino from the autumn of 1545 to the first months of 1546, and then another trip in 1546–1547. He also visited and studied the Roman works in Tivoli, Palestrina and Albano.

Trissino exposed Palladio to the history and arts of Rome, which gave him inspiration for his future buildings. In 1554 he would publish guides to the city's ancient monuments and churches. Trissino also gave him the name by which he became known, Palladio, an allusion to the Greek goddess of wisdom Pallas Athene and to a character in a play by Trissino. The word Palladio means Wise one.

Early villas

His earliest work is held to be an addition to Villa Trissino at Cricoli, built before his first trip to Rome.

The earliest of his villas is generally considered to be the Villa Godi (begun 1537). This design already showed the originality of Palladio's conception. A central block is flanked by two wings; the central block is recessed and the two wings are advanced and more prominent. Inside the central block, the piano nobile or main floor opened onto a loggia with a triple arcade, reached by a central stairway. On the reverse of the building, the rounded gallery projects outward to the garden. Palladio made numerous changes and additions over the years, adding lavish frescoes framed by classical columns in the Hall of the Muses of the Villa Godi in the 1550s.

In his early works in Vicenza in the 1540s, he sometimes emulated the work of his predecessor Giulio Romano, but in doing so he added his own ideas and variations. An example was the Palazzo Thiene in Vicenza, which Romano had begun but which, after Romano's death, Palladio completed. It was his first construction of a large town house. He used Romano's idea for windows framed by stone corbeaux, a ladder of stone blocks, but Palladio gave the heavy facade a new lightness and grace.

Several other villas of this time are attributed to Palladio, including the Villa Piovene (1539) and Villa Pisani (1542). Of the Villa Pisani, only the central structure of the original plan remains. The loggia is opened by three arcades beneath a frieze, beneath a pediment. The interior of the main hall has a barrel-vaulted ceiling lavishly decorated with murals of mythological themes.

Urban palaces
One of the most important works of his early Vicenza period is the Basilica Palladiana in Vicenza (1546), the palace of the city government. Palladio called it "Basilica", explaining that the functions and form of a modern city hall resembled those of an ancient Roman Basilica. He did not construct the building from the ground up, but added two-story loggias to the exterior of an older building, which had been finished in 1459. For the facade, Palladio made use of two levels of arcades with rounded arches and columns, which opened the exterior of the building to the interior courtyard. The arcades were divided by columns and small circular windows (oculi), with a variety and richness of decorative detail. The building was not completed until 1617, after Palladio's death. Its design had a notable influence on many buildings across Europe, from Portugal to Germany.

Variations of the urban palace
Palazzo Chiericati (begun in 1550) was another urban palace, built on a city square near the port in Vicenza. It was constructed after the Palazzo della Ragione, but it was very different in its plan and decoration. The two-story facade with a double loggia was divided into eleven spaces by rows of Doric columns, while a Doric cornice separated the lower level from the more important piano nobile above. The original plan of Palladio had the upper level identical to the lower level, but the owners wanted more space for ceremonies, so the central section on the piano nobile was brought forward and given windows with decorative frontons, doubling the interior space.

The Palazzo del Capitaniato, the offices of the Venetian governor of the region, is a later variation on the urban palace, built in Vicenza facing the Basilica Palladiana, and the finest of his late urban palaces. The four brick half-columns on the facade give a strong element of verticality, carefully balanced by the horizontal balustrades on the piano nobile, and on the projecting cornice at the top. The red brick of the walls and columns and the white stone of the balustrades and bases of the columns give another contrast. The facade was later given stucco sculptural decoration in the Mannerist style, which has considerably deteriorated.

Classical studies
The success of the Basilica Palladiana propelled Palladio into the top ranks of the architects of Northern Italy. He had travelled to Rome in 1549, hoping to become a Papal architect, but the death of Pope Paul III ended that ambition. His patron, Gian Giorgio Trissino, died in 1550, but in the same year Palladio gained a new supporter, the powerful Venetian aristocrat Daniele Barbaro. Through Barbaro he became known to the major aristocratic families of Northern Italy. In addition to the Barbaros, the aristocratic Cornaro, Foscari, and Pisani families supported Palladio's career, while he continued to construct a series of magnificent villas and palaces in Vicenza in his new classical style, including the Palazzo Chiericati in Vicenza, the Villa Pisani in Montagnana, and the Villa Cornaro in Piombino Dese.

Cardinal Barbaro brought Palladio to Rome and encouraged him to publish his studies of classical architecture. In 1554, he published the first of a series of books, Antiquities of Rome. He continued to compile and write his architectural studies, lavishly illustrated, which were published in full form in 1570 as I quattro libri dell'architettura (The Four Books of Architecture), in Venice. These books, reprinted in different languages and circulated widely in Europe, secured his reputation as the most influential figure in the renewal of classical architecture, a reputation which only continued to grow after his death.

Rustic-suburban villas
The type of villa invented by Palladio at the Villa Cornaro (begun 1553), located at Piombino Dese near Padua, was a mixture of villa rustica (country house), designed for country living, and a suburban villa, designed for entertaining and impressing. The distinction between the two parts was clearly expressed in the architecture. The central block is nearly square, with two low wings. The rear facade facing the garden has a spacious loggia, or covered terrace, supported by independent columns, on both the ground level and above on the piano nobile. The front facade facing the road has the same plan but with narrower loggias. The Hall of the Four Columns, the grand salon, could be entered by a grand stairway from either the front or back of the house. It has a very high ceiling, creating a large cubic space, and a roof supported by four Doric columns. Palladio placed niches in the walls of this salon, which were later filled with full-length statues of the ancestors of the owner. The more rustic functions of the house were carried on in the adjoining wings.

Suburban villas
The suburban villa was a particular type of building, a house near a city designed primarily for entertaining. Villa Barbaro (begun 1557) at Maser was an imposing suburban villa, built for the brothers Marcantonio and Daniele Barbaro, who were respectively occupied with politics and religious affairs in the Veneto, or Venice region. The long facade was perfectly balanced. The interior, following the professions of the brothers, had both classical and religious motifs. The central hall, The Hall of Olympus on the ground floor, was decorated with Roman gods and goddesses, but when one mounted the stairs, the long upper floor was in the form of a cross and Christian images predominate. The villa also has a series of remarkable frescos and ceiling paintings by Paolo Veronese combining mythical themes with scenes of everyday life. Behind the villa, Palladio created a remarkable nymphaeum, or Roman fountain, with statues of the gods and goddesses of the major rivers of Italy.

The most famous suburban villa constructed by Palladio was the Villa Capra "La Rotonda", not far from Vicenza, begun in 1566 for Count Paolo Almerico, the canon of Pope Pius IV and Pope Pius V. The site is on a gentle wooded hilltop, with views of the countryside in all directions. The villa is perfectly symmetrical, with four identical facades with porticos around the domed centre. The height of the base is exactly the height of the attic, and the width of each portico exactly half the length of the facade. The interior frescos were painted by Ludovico Dorigny in 1680–1687, and were not part of Palladio's plan. The building was especially influential, particularly in England and the United States, where it inspired "Neo-Palladianist" buildings such as Mereworth Castle (1724) in Kent and Thomas Jefferson's Monticello in Virginia (1772).

Suburban villas
Villa Foscari, also known as "La Malcontenta" for the name of the suburban village near Venice where it is located, faces the Brenta Canal and for this reason, unlike his other villas, it faces south to the canal. The villa is set upon a large base, and the central portico is flanked by two stairways. The upper and lower borders of the piano nobile are clearly indicated on the facade by darker reddish bands of stone. The same reddish border outlines the pediment over the portico and the attic, and appears on the rear facade. In another departure from traditional villas, the front doors lead directly into the main salon. The salon is let by a virtual wall of glass around the doorway of the south facade. The exterior and interior are closely integrated; the same classical elements own the facade, the columns and pediments, reappear in the interior, decorated with trompe-l'œil murals on the walls and ceiling.

Churches
Daniele Barbaro and his younger brother Marcantonio introduced Palladio to Venice, where he developed his own style of religious architecture, distinct from and equally original as that of his villas. His first project in Venice was the cloister of the church of Santa Maria della Carità (1560–1561), followed by the refectory and then the interior of the San Giorgio Monastery (1560–1562). His style was rather severe compared with the traditional lavishness of Venetian Renaissance architecture. San Georgio Maggiore was later given a new facade by Vincenzo Scamozzi (1610), which integrated it more closely into the Venetian skyline. The original rigorous, perfectly balanced interior is the original work of Palladio.

In 1570, he was formally named "Proto della Serenissima" (chief architect of the Republic of Venice), following Jacopo Sansovino.

Last church
The Tempieto Barbaro, built at the end of his life, was one of his most accomplished works. It was begun in 1580 as an addition to the Villa Barbaro at Maser. It unites two classical forms, a circle and a Greek cross. The facade features a particularly imposing classical portico, like that of the Pantheon in Rome, placed before two tall bell towers, before an even higher cupola, which covers the church itself. The effect is to draw the eye upward, level by level. Inside, the circular interior is surrounded by eight half columns and niches with statues. An open balustrade runs around the top of the interior wall, concealing the base of the dome itself, making it appear that the dome is suspended in the air. This idea would be adopted frequently in later Baroque churches. He achieves a perfect balance between the circle and the cross, and the horizontal and vertical elements, both on the facade and in the interior.

Last work
The final work of Palladio was the Teatro Olimpico in the Piazza Matteotti in Vicenza, built for the theatrical productions of the Olympic Society of Vicenza, of which Palladio was a member. He was asked to produce a design and model, and construction began in February 1580. The back wall of the stage was in the form of an enormous triumphal arch divided into three levels, and three portals through which actors could appear and disappear. This wall was lavishly decorated with columns and niches filled with statuary. The view through the arches gave the illusion of looking down classical streets. The painted ceiling was designed to give the illusion of sitting under an open sky. Behind the hemicycle of seats Palladio placed a row of Corinthian columns.

Palladio died on 19 August 1580, not long after the work was begun. It was completed, with a number of modifications, by Vincenzo Scamozzi and inaugurated in 1584 with a performance of the tragedy Oedipus Rex by Sophocles.

Personal life
Very little is known of Palladio's personal life. Documents show that he received a dowry in April 1534 from the family of his wife, Allegradonna, the daughter of a carpenter. They had four sons: Leonida, Marcantonio, Orazio and Silla, and a daughter, Zenobia. Two of the sons, Leonida and Orzzio, died during a short period in 1572, greatly affecting their father. He died on 19 August 1580 at either Vicenza or Maser, and was buried in the church of Santa Corona in Vicenza. In 1844, a new tomb was built in a chapel dedicated to him in that cemetery.

Although all of his buildings are found in a relatively small corner of Italy, they had an influence far beyond. They particularly inspired neoclassical architects in Britain and in the United States in the 18th and 19th centuries. While he designed churches and urban palaces, his plans for villas and country houses were particularly admired and copied.

His books with their detailed illustrations and plans were especially influential. His first book, L'Antichida di Roma (Antiquities of Rome) was published in 1554. He then made architectural drawings to illustrate a book by his patron, Daniele Barbaro, a commentary on Vitruvius. His most famous work was I quattro libri dell'architettura (The Four Books of Architecture), published in 1570, which set out rules others could follow. The first book includes studies of decorative styles, classical orders, and materials. He illustrated a rich variety of columns, arcades, pediments, pilasters and other details which were soon adapted and copied. The second book included Palladio's town and country house designs and classical reconstructions. The third book had bridge and basilica designs, city planning designs, and classical halls. The fourth book included information on the reconstruction of ancient Roman temples. The books were translated into many languages, and went through many editions, well into the eighteenth and nineteenth century.

Influence

France and Germany
Palladio's style inspired several works by Claude Nicolas Ledoux in France, including the Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans, begun in 1775. In Germany, Johann von Goethe in his Italian Journey described Palladio as a genius, declaring that his unfinished Convent of Santa Maria della Carità was the most perfect existing work of architecture. The German architects David Gilly and his son Friedrich Gilly were also admirers of Palladio, and constructed palaces for the German Emperor Frederick-William III in the style, including the Paretz Palace. Friedrich Gilly's work, the National Theatre in Berlin (1798), built for Frederick the Great was in the style. Most of the buildings were destroyed during World War II.

England

Palladio's work was especially popular in England, where the villa style was adapted for country houses. The first English architect to adapt Palladio's work was Inigo Jones, who made a long trip to Vicenza and returned full of Palladian ideas. His first major work in the style was the Queen's House at Greenwich (1616–1635), modelled after Palladio's villas.

Wilton House is another adaptation of Palladio's villa plans. It had a particularly famous feature, the Palladio Bridge, designed around 1736. The bridge was extremely popular, and copies were made for other houses, including Stowe House. Another variation, the Marble Bridge, was made for Empress Catherine the Great of Russia for her gardens at Tsarskoe Selo near Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Other English architects, including Elizabeth Wilbraham, and Christopher Wren also embraced the Palladian style. Another English admirer was the architect, Richard Boyle, 4th Earl of Cork, also known as Lord Burlington, who, with William Kent, designed Chiswick House. The Italian-born Giacomo Leoni also constructed Palladian houses in England.

United States
The influence of Palladio also reached to the United States, where the architecture and symbols of the Roman Republic were adapted for the architecture and institutions of the newly independent nation. The Massachusetts governor and architect Thomas Dawes also admired the style, and used it when rebuilding Harvard Hall at Harvard University in 1766. Palladio's villas inspired Monticello, the residence of the third U.S. President, Thomas Jefferson, himself an architect. Jefferson organized a competition for the first United States Capitol building. It was won by William Thornton with a design inspired in part by Palladio and La Rotonda. The One Hundred Eleventh Congress of the United States of America called him the "Father of American Architecture" (Congressional Resolution no. 259 of 6 December 2010). His influence can also be seen in American plantation buildings.

Archives
More than 330 of Palladio's original drawings and sketches still survive in the collections of the Royal Institute of British Architects, most of which originally were owned by Inigo Jones. Jones collected a significant number of these on his Grand Tour of 1613–1614, while some were a gift from Henry Wotton. The Center for Palladian Studies in America, Inc., a nonprofit membership organization, was founded in 1979 to research and promote understanding of Palladio's influence in the architecture of the United States.

Palladian style

Palladio is known as one of the most influential architects in Western architecture. His architectural works have "been valued for centuries as the quintessence of High Renaissance calm and harmony".

The basic elements of Italian Renaissance architecture, including Doric columns, lintels, cornices, loggias, pediments and domes had already been used in the 15th century or earlier, before Palladio. They had been skillfully brought together by Brunelleschi in the Pazzi Chapel (1420) and the Medici-Riccardi Palace (1444–1449). At the beginning of the High Renaissance in the early 16th century, Bramante used these elements together in the Tempietto in Rome (1502), which combined a dome and a central plan based on a Greek Cross. The architect Baldassare Peruzzi had introduced the first Renaissance suburban villas, based on a Roman model and surrounded by gardens. The Farnese Palace in Rome (1530–1580) by Sangallo introduced a new kind of Renaissance palace, with monumental blocks, ornate cornices, lateral wings and multiple stairways. Michelangelo had made a plan for a central dome at Saint Peter's Basilica and added a new loggia to the facade of the Farnese Palace. All of these plans already existed before Palladio; his contribution was to refine, simplify, and use them in innovative ways.

The style of Palladio employed a classical repertoire of elements in new ways. He clearly expressed the function of each part of the building by its form, particularly elevating and giving precedence to the piano nobile, the ceremonial floor, of his villas and palaces. As much as possible he simplified the forms, as he did at Villa Capra "La Rotonda", surrounding a circular dome and interior with perfectly square facades, and placing the building pedestal to be more visible and more dramatic.

Palladio was inspired by classical Roman architecture, but he did not slavishly imitate it. He chose elements and assembled them in innovative ways appropriate to the site and function of the building. His buildings were often placed on pedestals, raising them and making them more visible, and so they could offer a view. The villas very often had loggias, covered arcades or walkways on the outside of upper levels, which gave a view of the scenery or city below, and also gave variety to the facade. When he designed his rustic villas and suburban villas, he paid particular attention to the site, integrating them as much as possible into nature, either by sites on hilltops or looking out at gardens or rivers.

The Sarlian window, or Venetian window, also known as a Palladian window, was another common feature of his style, which he used both for windows and the arches of the loggias of his buildings. It consists of an arched window flanked by two smaller square windows, divided by two columns or pilasters and often topped by a small entablature and by a small circular window or hole, called an oculus. These particular features originally appeared in the triumphal arches of Rome, and had been used in the earlier Renaissance by Bramante, but Palladio used them in novel ways, particularly in the facade of the Basilica Palladiana and in the Villa Pojana. They also became a common feature of later Palladian buildings in England and elsewhere.

In his later work, particularly the Palazzo Valmarana and the Palazzo del Capitaniato in Vicenza, his style became more ornate and more decorative, with more sculptural decoration on the facade, tending toward Mannerism. His buildings in this period were examples of the transition beginning to what would become Baroque architecture.

Characteristics

Palladio's architecture was not dependent on expensive materials, which must have been an advantage to his more financially pressed clients. Many of his buildings are of brick covered with stucco. Stuccoed brickwork was always used in his villa designs in order to give the appearance of a classical Roman structure.

His success as an architect is based not only on the beauty of his work, but also for its harmony with the culture of his time. His success and influence came from the integration of extraordinary aesthetic quality with expressive characteristics that resonated with his clients' social aspirations. His buildings served to communicate, visually, their place in the social order of their culture. This powerful integration of beauty and the physical representation of social meanings is apparent in three major building types: the urban palazzo, the agricultural villa, and the church.

Relative to his trips to Rome, Palladio developed three main palace types by 1556. In 1550, the Palazzo Chiericati was completed. The proportions for the building were based on musical ratios for adjacent rooms. The building was centralized by a tripartite division of a series of columns or colonnades. In 1552, the Palazzo Porto located in Vicenza was rebuilt incorporating the Roman Renaissance element for façades. A colonnade of Corinthian columns surrounded a main court. The Palazzo Antonini in Udine, constructed in 1556, had a centralized hall with four columns and service spaces placed relatively toward one side. He used styles of incorporating the six columns, supported by pediments, into the walls as part of the façade. This technique had been applied in his villa designs as well. Palladio experimented with the plan of the Palazzo Porto by incorporating it into the Palazzo Thiene. It was an earlier project from 1545 to 1550 and remained uncompleted due to elaborate elevations in his designs. He used Mannerist elements such as stucco surface reliefs and large columns, often extending two stories high.

In his urban structures he developed a new improved version of the typical early Renaissance palazzo (exemplified by the Palazzo Strozzi). Adapting a new urban palazzo type created by Bramante in the House of Raphael, Palladio found a powerful expression of the importance of the owner and his social position. The main living quarters of the owner on the second level were clearly distinguished in importance by use of a pedimented classical portico, centered and raised above the subsidiary and utilitarian ground level (illustrated in the Palazzo Porto and the Palazzo Valmarana). The tallness of the portico was achieved by incorporating the owner's sleeping quarters on the third level, within a giant two-story classical colonnade, a motif adapted from Michelangelo's Capitoline buildings in Rome. The elevated main floor level became known as the piano nobile, and is still referred to as the "first floor" in Europe.

Palladio also established an influential new building format for the agricultural villas of the Venetian aristocracy. Palladio's approach to his villa designs was not relative to his experience in Rome. His designs were based on practicality and employed few reliefs. He consolidated the various stand-alone farm outbuildings into a single impressive structure, arranged as a highly organized whole, dominated by a strong centre and symmetrical side wings, as illustrated at Villa Barbaro. In the project of the Villa Barbaro, Palladio most likely was also engaged in the interior decoration. Alongside the painter Paolo Veronese, he invented the complex and sophisticated illusionistic landscape paintings that cover the walls of various rooms.

The Villa Capra "La Rotonda" of 1552, outside Vicenza, was constructed as a summer house with views from all four sides. The plan has centralized circular halls with wings and porticos expanding on all four sides. Palladio began to implement the classical temple front into his design of façades for villas. He felt that to make an entry appear grand, the Roman temple front would be the most suitable style. The Palladian villa configuration often consists of a centralized block raised on an elevated podium, accessed by grand steps, and flanked by lower service wings, as at Villa Foscari and Villa Badoer. This format, with the quarters of the owners at the elevated centre of their own world, found resonance as a prototype for Italian villas and later for the country estates of the British nobility (such as Lord Burlington's Chiswick House, Vanbrugh's Blenheim, Walpole's Houghton Hall, and Adam's Kedleston Hall and Paxton House in Scotland). His villas were used by a capitalist gentry who developed an interest in agriculture and land. The configuration was a perfect architectural expression of their world view, clearly expressing their perceived position in the social order of the times. His influence was extended worldwide into the British colonies.

Palladio developed his own prototype for the plan of the villas that was flexible to moderate in scale and function. The Palladian villa format was easily adapted for a democratic world view, as may be seen at Thomas Jefferson's Monticello and his arrangement for the University of Virginia. It also may be seen applied as recently as 1940 in Pope's National Gallery in Washington D.C., where the public entry to the world of high culture occupies the exalted centre position. The rustication of exposed basement walls of Victorian residences is a late remnant of the Palladian format, clearly expressed as a podium for the main living space for the family.

Similarly, Palladio created a new configuration for the design of Catholic churches that established two interlocking architectural orders, each clearly articulated, yet delineating a hierarchy of a larger order overriding a lesser order. This idea was in direct coincidence with the rising acceptance of the theological ideas of St. Thomas Aquinas, who postulated the notion of two worlds existing simultaneously: the divine world of faith, and the earthly world of humans. Palladio created an architecture which made a visual statement communicating the idea of two superimposed systems, as illustrated at San Francesco della Vigna. In a time when religious dominance in Western culture was threatened by the rising power of science and secular humanists, this architecture found great favor with the Catholic Church as a clear statement of the proper relationship of the earthly and the spiritual worlds.

Aside from Palladio's designs, his publications further contributed to Palladianism. During the second half of his life, Palladio published many books on architecture, most famously, I quattro libri dell'architettura (The Four Books of Architecture, Venice, 1570).

Chronology of the works
Note: The first date given is the beginning of the project, not its completion.

Villas

1534 (built 1534–1538): Villa Trissino a Cricoli, Vicenza (once traditionally attributed, but probably designed by Gian Giorgio Trissino)
1537 (built 1539–1557): Villa Godi, for Girolamo, Pietro and Marcantonio Godi, Lonedo di Lugo di Vicenza
 (built 1539–1587): Villa Piovene, Lonedo di Lugo di Vicenza, Province of Vicenza (uncertain attribution)
 Before 1542 (built 1542–): Villa Gazzotti, for Taddeo Gazzotti, Bertesina, Vicenza
 1542 (built 1542–1560): Villa Valmarana, for Giuseppe and Antonio Valmarana, Vigardolo di Monticello Conte Otto, Province of Vicenza
 1542 (built 1542–1545): Villa Pisani, for Vettore, Marco and Daniele Pisani, Bagnolo di Lonigo, Province of Vicenza
 1542 ? (built before 1545–1550): Villa Thiene, for Marcantonio e Adriano Thiene, Quinto Vicentino, Province of Vicenza (probably a re-elaboration of a project by Giulio Romano)
 : Villa Contarini degli Scrigni, for Paolo Contarini and brothers, Piazzola sul Brenta, Province of Padua (attributed)
 1547 (built 1547, 1565): Villa Arnaldi, for Vincenzo Arnaldi, Meledo di Sarego, Province of Vicenza (unfinished)
  (built 1548–before 1555): Villa Saraceno, for Biagio Saraceno, Finale di Agugliaro, Province of Vicenza
 1548 (built 1554–1556): Villa Angarano, for Giacomo Angarano, Bassano del Grappa, Province of Vicenza (main body of the villa later rebuilt by Baldassarre Longhena; the barchesse are part of the original)
 1549 (built 1549–1563): Villa Pojana, for Bonifacio Pojana, Pojana Maggiore, Province of Vicenza
 After 1550 (built ): Villa Chiericati, for Giovanni Chiericati, Vancimuglio di Grumolo delle Abbadesse, Province of Vicenza (completed in 1584 by Domenico Groppino after Palladio's death)
 1552 (built 1552; 1569; 1588): Villa Cornaro, for Giorgio Cornaro, Piombino Dese, Province of Padua
  (built 1552–1555): Villa Pisani, for Francesco Pisani, Montagnana, Province of Padua
 : Villa Ragona Cecchetto, per Girolamo Ragona, Ghizzole di Montegaldella, Province of Padua (unbuilt project)
  (built 1553–1554; 1575): Villa Trissino, Meledo di Sarego, Province of Vicenza (only partially realized)
 1554 (built 1554–1558): Villa Porto, for Paolo Porto, Vivaro di Dueville, Province of Vicenza (attributed)
  (built 1554–1558): Villa Barbaro, for Daniele and Marcantonio Barbaro, Maser, Province of Treviso
 1554 ? (built 1560–1565): Villa Foscari called "La Malcontenta", for Nicolò and Alvise Foscari, Malcontenta di Mira, Province of Venice
 1554 ? (built: 1555 ?): Villa Zeno, for Marco Zeno, Donegal di Cessalto, Province of Treviso
 1554 ? (built 1560–1564): Villa Mocenigo "sopra la Brenta", Dolo, Province of Venice) (demolished)
 1554 –  (built before 1556): Villa Badoer called "La Badoera", for Francesco Badoer, Fratta Polesine, Province of Rovigo
 before 1556 (built 1559–1565): Villa Emo, for Leonardo Emo, Fanzolo di Vedelago, Province of Treviso
 1556 (built 1563–1567): Villa Thiene, for Francesco Thiene and sons, Cicogna di Villafranca Padovana, Province of Padua (unfinished; only a barchessa remaining)
 1560 ? (built after 1563–before 1565; after 1570 ?): Villa Repeta, for Mario Repeta, Piazza Vecchia, Campiglia dei Berici, Province of Vicenza (destroyed by a fire, then rebuilt in other shape in 1672)
  (built before 1569): Big barchesse of villa Pisani, Bagnolo di Lonigo, Province of Vicenza (attributed; destroyed)
 1562 (built 1564–1566): Villa Sarego called "La Miga", for Annibale Serego, Miega di Cologna Veneta, Province of Verona (unfinished, demolished in the 1920s)
 c 1563 (built 1564–1566): Villa Valmarana, for Gianfrancesco Valmarana, Lisiera di Bolzano Vicentino, Province of Vicenza
 After 1564 (built 1565–1570): Villa Forni Cerato, for Girolamo Forni, Montecchio Precalcino, Province of Vicenza
 1565 (built 1565–): Villa Serego, for Marcantonio Serègo, Santa Sofia di Pedemonte di San Pietro in Cariano, Province of Verona
 1566 – 1567 (built 1567–1605): Villa Almerico Capra called "La Rotonda", for Paolo Almerico, Vicenza (completed in 1585 by Vincenzo Scamozzi after Palladio's death)
 1570 (built 1572–1580): Villa Porto, for Iseppo da Porto, Molina di Malo, Province of Vicenza (unfinished)

Palaces
 1540 (built 1540–1542): Palazzo Civena, for Giovanni Giacomo, Pier Antonio, Vincenzo and Francesco Civena, Vicenza (rebuilt in 1750 and after World War II)
 1542 (built 1542–1558): Palazzo Thiene, for Marcantonio and Adriano Thiene, Vicenza (probably on a project by Giulio Romano)
 1545: Palazzo Garzadori in contra' Piancoli, for Girolamo Garzadori, Vicenza (unbuilt, uncertain attribution)
 1546–1549 (built 1549–1614): Loggias of the Palazzo della Ragione (then called Basilica Palladiana), Vicenza (completed in 1614 after Palladio's death)
 c. 1546 (built: 1546–1552): Palazzo Porto, for Iseppo da Porto, Vicenza
 1548 (built 1548–1552): Palazzo Volpe in contra' Gazzolle, for Antonio Volpe, Vicenza (uncertain attribution)
 1550 (built 1551–1557; c. 1680): Palazzo Chiericati, for Girolamo Chiericati, Vicenza (completed about 1680 after Palladio's death)
 c. 1555–c. 1566: Palazzo Pojana, for Vincenzo Pojana, Vicenza (attributed)
 c. 1555: Palazzo Dalla Torre, for Giambattista Dalla Torre, Verona (only partially realized; partially destroyed by a bombing in 1945)
 1555 ?: Palazzo Poiana in contra' San Tomaso, for Bonifacio Pojana, Vicenza (unfinished)
 1555–1556 ?: Palazzo Garzadori, for Giambattista Garzadori, Polegge, Vicenza (unbuilt project)
 c. 1556 (built 1556–1595): Palazzo Antonini, for Floriano Antonini, Udine (altered by later arrangements)
 After 1556: Loggia Valmarana in the Giardini Salvi, for Gian Luigi Valmarana, Vicenza (uncertain attribution)
 1557–1558: Palazzo Trissino in contra' Riale, for Francesco and Ludovico Trissino, Vicenza (unbuilt project)
 1559 (built 1559–1562): Casa Cogollo, for Pietro Cogollo, traditionally known as Casa del Palladio ("Palladio's home"), Vicenza (attributed)
 1560 (built 1560–1565; 1574–1575): Palazzo Schio, for Bernardo Schio, Vicenza (façade)
 After 1561: Palazzo Della Torre ai Portoni della Bra', for Giambattista Della Torre, Verona (unbuilt project)
 1564 (built 1565–1586): Palazzo Pretorio, for the town council, Cividale del Friuli, Province of Udine (project, attributed)
 1564 ?: Palazzo Angaran, for Giacomo Angaran, Vicenza (unbuilt project)
 After 1564: Palazzo Capra al Corso, for Giulio Capra, Vicenza (unbuilt project)
 1565 (built 1571–1572): Palazzo del Capitaniato (or Loggia del Capitanio), for the town council, Vicenza
 1565 (built 1566–1580): Palazzo Valmarana, for Isabella Nogarola Valmarana, Vicenza
 1569 (built 1570–1575): Palazzo Barbaran da Porto, for Montano Barbarano, Vicenza
 1571 ? (built 1572–1585): Palazzo Porto in Piazza Castello, for Alessandro Porto, Vicenza (unfinished; partially completed in 1615 by Vincenzo Scamozzi)
 1572 ? (built before 1586–1610s): Palazzo Thiene Bonin Longare, for Francesco Thiene, Vicenza (progetto; costruito da Vincenzo Scamozzi)
 1574: Rooms of Palazzo Ducale, Venice

Church architecture
1531: Portal for the church of Santa Maria dei Servi, Vicenza (attributed; with Girolamo Pittoni and Giacomo da Porlezza)
 1537: Monument to Girolamo Schio, Bishop of Vaison in the Cathedral of Vicenza (with Girolamo Pittoni, attributed)
 1558 (built 1558–1559; 1564–1566): Dome of the Cathedral, Vicenza (destroyed in a bombing during World War II, then rebuilt)
 1559: Façade for the Basilica of San Pietro di Castello, Venice (completed after Palladio's death)
 1560 (built 1560–1563): Refectory of the monastery of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venezia
1560 (built 1561–1562): Convento della Carità, Venice (only the cloister and the atrium destroyed in 1630 in a fire)
 1560: Monument to Giano Fregoso in the church of Santa Anastasia of the Dominicans, for Ercole Fregoso, Verona (uncertain attribution; with Danese Cattaneo)
 After 1563: Funeral monument to Luigi Visconti in the cloister of the Chapter in the Basilica of Saint Anthony, Padua (attributed)
 1564 (built 1564–1565): North portal and Almerico Chapel in the Vicenza Cathedral, for Paolo Almerico, Vicenza
1564: Façade for the church of San Francesco della Vigna, for Giovanni Grimani, Venice
 1565 (built 1565–1576): Church of San Giorgio Maggiore, for the Congregation of Santa Giustina, Venice (completed between 1607 and 1611, after Palladio's death, with a different façade, by Vincenzo Scamozzi)
1574: Façade for San Petronio Basilica, Bologna (studies)
 1574 or 1579 ?: Church of Le Zitelle, Venice (uncertain attribution)
 c. 1576 (built 1576–1580): Valmarana Chapel in the Church of Santa Corona, for Isabella Nogarola Valmarana, Vicenza
 1576 (built 1577–1586): Church of Il Redentore, Venice
 1578 (built 1588–1590): Church of Santa Maria Nova, Vicenza (project attributed, completed after Palladio's death)
1580: Church of Santa Lucia, Venice (drawings for the interior; demolished)
1580 (built 1580–1584): Church of Villa Barbaro (Tempietto Barbaro), for Marcantonio Barbaro, Maser, Province of Treviso

Other

 1536: Portal of the Domus Comestabilis, Vicenza (attributed)
 1550 (built 1550–1552): Bridge on Cismon, Cismon del Grappa, Province of Vicenza (destroyed)
 1556: Arco Bollani (an arch over the road leading to the Udine Castle), for Domenico Bollani, Udine (attributed)
 1561: Wooden theater in the Basilica for the play L'Amor Costante by Alessandro Piccolomini, for the Accademia Olimpica, Vicenza
 1562: Wooden theater in the Basilica for the play Sofonisba by Giangiorgio Trissino, for the Accademia Olimpica, Vicenza
 1566: Rialto Bridge (Ponte di Rialto), Venice (unbuilt project)
 1567; 1569: Ponte Vecchio, Bassano del Grappa, Province of Vicenza (rebuilt in 1748 and after World War II)
 1569 o 1580 ? (built 1580–1588): Bridge on Tesina, Torri di Quartesolo, Province of Vicenza (attributed)
 1576 (built 1595): Arco delle Scalette, for Giacomo Bragadino, Vicenza (attributed, built after Palladio's death)
 1578: Jewel of Vicenza, for the city as an ex-voto, Vicenza (uncertain attribution)
 1579: Porta Gemona, for the town council, San Daniele del Friuli, Province of Udine
 1580 (built 1580–1584): Teatro Olimpico, for the Accademia Olimpica, Vicenza (completed after Palladio's death by Vincenzo Scamozzi)

See also
 Palladian architecture
 Palladian villas of the Veneto

Notes and references

Bibliography

 Hart, Vaughan, Hicks, Peter (2006), Palladio's Rome. Translation of Andrea Palladio's L'Antichita di Roma and Descritione de le chiese…in la città de Roma, (1554) including as an appendix Raphael's famous Letter to Leo X, Yale University Press, London and New Haven, .

External links

Palladio and Britain  Online exhibition from the Royal Institute of British Architects
Palladio and The Veneto Online exhibition from the Royal Institute of British Architects
Palladio Centre and Museum in Vicenza, Italy
The Center for Palladian Studies in America, Inc.
Palladio's Italian Villas website which includes material by the owners of Villa Cornaro
Official Website of the 500 Years Exhibition in Vicenza – Italy (2008)
Quincentenary of Andrea Palladio's birth – Celebration Committee Describes a major exhibition touring venues in Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Year of Palladio
Andrea Palladio on Empty Canon
Andrea Palladio: His Life and Legacy, at the Royal Academy, review, The Telegraph, 2 February 2009
David Linley on the influence of Andrea Palladio
How I Spent A Few Days in Palladio's World, The Wall Street Journal, 3 March 2009
All He Surveyed, Paul Goldberger, The New Yorker, 30 March 2009
Principles of Palladio's Architecture: II, Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 1945
Nature and Antiquity in the Work of Andrea Palladio, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, September 2000
Digital images of 1721 and 1742 edition of The architecture of A. Palladio
Quattro libri dell'architettura From the Rare Book and Special Collections Division at the Library of Congress
Andrea Palladio Architecture on Google Maps
Bertotti Scamozzi, Ottavio, "Le fabbriche e i disegni di Andrea Palladio : raccolta ed illustrati" 1776

Andrea Palladio
Renaissance architects
1508 births
1580 deaths
Architectural theoreticians
Republic of Venice architects
Italian architecture writers
Italian male non-fiction writers
16th-century Italian architects
Italian Roman Catholics

Architects from Padua

Andrea Palladio


Stanisław Tarnowski, (Dzików (danas Tarnobrzeg), Poljska, 7. studenog 1749. - Krakov, 12. prosinca 1917.) poljski pisac, pjesnik, poljski povjesničar književnosti.

Sveučilišni profesor u Krakovu, predsjednik Poljske akademije umjetnosti. Osnovao književno-znanstveni časopis "Przegląd Polski", u kojem je objavljivao svoje radove iz povijesti književnosti.

Djela

Književna djela
 Stanisław Tarnowski, Władysław Ludwik Anczyc  Wędrówka po Galilei  (1873.)
 Stanisław Tarnowski  Marszałek  (1882.),
 Stanisław Tarnowski  Czyściec Słowackiego  (1903.)

Povijesni i politički tekstovi
  Z doświadczeń i rozmyślań  (2002.)
  Królowa opinia : wybór pism  (2011.)
  O Rusinach i Rusi  (1891.)
  Studya polityczne  (1895., 2 toma)
  Skutki rozstroju, rozruchy  (1898.)
  Stanisław Tarnowski, Stanisław Koźmian, Józef Szujski  Teka Stańczyka  (1870.)
  Studia dyplomatyczne : sprawa polska – sprawa duńska   (1863. – 1865., 2 dijela)
  Nasze dzieje w ostatnich stu latach  (1890), (postumno izdanje:  Nasze dzieje w XIX wieku , 2014.)
  Lud wiejski między ładem a rozkładem   (1896.)

  Povijest književnosti
   O dramatach Schillera   (1896.);
  Ksiądz Walerian Kalinka  (1887.)
  Frycz Modrzewski o poprawie Rzeczypospolitej  (1867.)
  Rozprawa o Juliuszu Słowackim  (1867)
  O Łukaszu Górnickim  (1868.);  "Dworzanin" Górnickiego (1871.)
  O Piotrze Grabowskim  (1869.)
  O korespondencyi Mickiewicza (1870.),  Adam Mickiewicz : "Pan Tadeusz"  (1905.),  Z pogrzebu Mickiewicza na Wawelu 4 lipca 1890. roku  (1890),  Adam Mickiewicz: życie i dzieła : zarys biograficzny  (1898.),  O Mickiewiczu (1898.)
  Romans polski w początkach XIX-ego wieku (1871.)
  Stefana Garczyńskiego "Wacław" i drobne poezje  (1872.)
  O księdzu Kaysiewiczu  (1873.)
  O Krzysztofie Warszewickim  (1874.)
  Komedye Aleksandra hr. Fredry  (1876.)
  Pisarze polityczni XVI wieku  (1886, 2 toma)
  Ksiądz Waleryan Kalinka  (1887.)
  Henryk Rzewuski  (1887.)
  Jan Kochanowski  (1888.)
  Zygmunt Krasiński  (1892.),  Ku czci Zygmunta Krasińskiego 1812-1912 (1912)
  Henryk Sienkiewicz  (1897.)
  Julian Klaczko  (1909.)
  Król Stanisław Leszczyński jako pisarz polityczny   (1870., doktorska disertacija)
  Józef Szujski jako poeta  (1901.),  Szujskiego młodość   (1892.)
  Historia literatury polskiej   O literaturze polskiej XIX wieku  (1977., postumno izdanje, urednik: Henryk Markiewicz)

 Povijest umjetnosti
  Chopin i Grottger : dwa szkice  (1892.); Chopin : as revealed by extracts from his diary  (1906.),  Kilka słów o Chopinie  (1871.)
  Artur Grottger   (1886.)
  Matejko  (1897.)

Opisi putovanja i dnevniki
  Z wakacyi , (1894., 2 toma)
  Z pielgrzymki słowiańskiej do Rzymu  (1881.)
  Z Dzikowa do Ziemi Świętej. Podróż do Hiszpanii, Egiptu, Ziemi Świętej, Syrii i Konstantynopola z lat 1857–1858  (2008., postumno izdanje)
  Domowa Kronika Dzikowska  (2010., postumno izdanje).
  Kronika Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego od r. 1864 do r 1887 […]  (1887.)

Izvori

Literatura
 Ferdynand Hoesick Stanisław Tarnowski , Gebethner i Wolff, Varšava, 1906 (2 t.);
 Fr. Kabe Stanisław Tarnowski, Sandomierz, 1929 (mit Bibliographie).
 Paweł Franciszek Kubick: Stanisław Tarnowski, Sandomierz, 1929.
 Henryk Markiewicz  Stanisław Tarnowski , u: Literatura polska. Przewodnik encyklopedyczny, tom II, Varšava, 1985.
  Biogramy uczonych polskich , Deo I: Nauki społeczne, Teka 3: P-Z, Wrocław, 1985.

Poljski književnici
Poljski pjesnici

Stanisław Tarnowski


A work accident, workplace accident, occupational accident, or accident at work is a "discrete occurrence in the course of work" leading to physical or mental occupational injury. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), more than 337 million accidents happen on the job each year, resulting, together with occupational diseases, in more than 2.3 million deaths annually.

The phrase "in the course of work" can include work-related accidents happening off the company's premises, and can include accidents caused by third parties, according to Eurostat. The definition of work accident includes accidents occurring "while engaged in an economic activity, or at work, or carrying on the business of the employer" according to the ILO.

The phrase "physical or mental harm" means any injury, disease, or death. Occupational accidents differ from occupational diseases as accidents are unexpected and unplanned occurrences (e.g., mine collapse), while occupational diseases are "contracted as a result of an exposure over a period of time to risk factors arising from work activity" (e.g., miner's lung).

Incidents that fall within the definition of occupational accidents include cases of acute poisoning, attacks by humans and animals, insects etc., slips and falls on pavements or staircases, traffic collisions, and accidents on board means of transportation in the course of work, accidents in airports, stations and so on.

There is no consensus as to whether commuting accidents (i.e. accidents on the way to work and while returning home after work) should be considered to be work accidents. The ESAW methodology excludes them; the ILO includes them in its conventions concerning health & safety at work, although it lists them as a separate category of accidents; and some countries (e.g., Greece) do not distinguish them from other work accidents.

A fatal accident at work is defined as an accident which leads to the death of a victim. The time within which the death may occur varies among countries: in Netherlands an accident is registered as fatal if the victim dies during the same day that the accident happened, in Germany if death came within 30 days, while Belgium, France and Greece set no time limit.

Where the accidents involve multiple fatalities, they are often referred to as industrial disasters.

Types
Although many workplace accidents have relatively minor repercussions, which could result in just a paper cut or scratch, others can have more serious – and potentially fatal – consequences.

For instance, there are some industries in which individuals are more exposed to occupational hazards than others, such as the construction trade. This had the highest rate of fatal injuries out of all other industry sections in 2011/12. During this period, falls accounted for 51% of construction injuries resulting in death, demonstrating that builders are more likely to fall from height than those who work in less dangerous locations, such as an office.

An independent watchdog – the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) – aims to reduce the number of work-related fatalities and injuries within Great Britain, publishing statistics that show the different – and most common – types of reported workplace injuries across a range of sectors.

For example, the HSE reported that, between 2011 and 2012, incidents such as falls from height, becoming trapped by a falling structure, and being struck by a vehicle or moving object, were the reasons for the majority of fatalities to British workers.

It was also revealed that slips, trips or falls were responsible for more than 50% of serious injuries to employees. Furthermore, the majority of incidents that resulted in employees taking more than three days off work – or affected their ability to perform their usual duties over this period – were caused by handling accidents.

Although some accidents at work can have minor effects, the HSE statistics revealed that more than 27 million working days were lost between 2011 and 2012 due to occupational illness or personal injury, proving that these incidents can have serious repercussions. In 2019, construction employment climbed to 11.4 million workers. There are online guides that provide information on how to deal with an injury at work.  In 2019, construction employment climbed to 11.4 million workers.

Causal factors

Accidents arise from unsafe behavior and/or unsafe conditions. An important factor is the safety climate or safety culture of an organization. Safety culture concerns how workplace safety is managed, consisting of the shared attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, and values among employees. Faulty equipment can also cause serious personal injuries, a common example being accidents from faulty ladders. If the rubber feet are absent, the base of the aluminium stile can slip suddenly on a hard floor and the user can fall.

Benefits of prevention

According to the Health and Safety Executive, employers who implement suitable measures to prevent accidents in the workplace could reap a number of benefits. As well as reducing the number of injuries at work, managers could also:

Be less likely to suffer legal action
Acquire a better reputation amongst partners, investors, customers and suppliers
Have employees who feel more motivated, demonstrating greater productivity
Reduce costs
Have reduced employee turnover and absence rates. It has been reported that over 2,000,000 working days each year are lost due to handling accidents and slips and trips alone. In Argentina, the work accident rate in the year 2018 decreased 10% from the previous year.

Examples
During the 2015 shooting of the movie Resident Evil: The Final Chapter, stuntwoman Olivia Jackson had her arm amputated
after her motorbike crashed to a metal camera arm during a high-speed chase.

Matilda Rapaport died from an avalanche while filming an advertisement for the 2016 video game Steep.

See also
Forensic engineering
Health and Safety Executive
National Safety Council
Occupational injury
Occupational disease
Occupational health psychology
Personal injury
Social security
Workers' compensation
 Workers' Memorial Day

References

Occupational hazards

Work accident


An Distichia in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Distichia in nahilalakip ha familia nga Juncaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Distichia

Distichia


El suave murmullo de la muerte ( ), es una novela de terror de Charles L. Grant.  Se publicó por primera vez en 1982 por Donald M. Grant, Publisher en una edición de 2,800 copias, de las cuales 300 estaban firmadas por el autor y el artista.  El libro es el primer volumen de una trilogía interna, que forma parte de la serie Grant sobre el pueblo de "Oxrun Station". Las otras piezas que componen la trilogía son: El oscuro llanto de la luna (The Dark Cry of the Moon), protagonizada por hombres lobo; y La larga noche de la tumba (The Long Night of the Grave), en la que los personajes principales son las momias.

Introducción a la trama
El libro relata la historia del diabólico conde Braslov, un vampiro con larga experiencia aterrorizando poblados y aldeas, que se instala en Oxrun y desde allí comienza a elaborar un plan estratégico para gobernar un pequeño feudo poblado de criaturas nocturnas. Frente a estos proyectos maquiavélicos se alza la voluntad del detective Ned Stockton y su asistente, Pamela Squires, quienes luchan denodadamente contra el insidioso conde Brastov.

Referencias

Entrada sobre el libro en el blog El Espejo Gótico

Novelas de terror
Novelas de 1982

El suave murmullo de la muerte


Paço do Lumiar es un municipio brasileño del estado del Maranhão. Pertenece a la Región Metropolitana de São Luís. Posee una población de 104.881 habitantes, según Censo del IBGE en 2010.

Fue creado a partir del desmembramiento del municipio de São José de Ribamar. Es caracterizado por ser una ciudad dormitório. La mayoría de sus casi 100 mil habitantes trabaja en São Luís. Los principales barrios son Maiobão, Maioba, Mocajituba, Iguaíba y Maioba del Mocajituba. El municipio posee extensas áreas verdes también no ocupadas por actividades humanas.

Véase también
 Aeropuerto de Paço del Lumiar

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Maranhão

Paço do Lumiar