Ann Jebb (née Torkington ; 1735 - 1812) est une réformatrice politique et écrivaine radicale anglaise.

Biographie
Elle est née à Ripton-Kings, dans le Huntingdonshire, de Dorothy Sherard (elle-même fille de Philip Sherard (2e comte de Harborough)) et de James Torkington (vicaire de l'Église d'Angleterre.). Elle grandit dans le Huntingdonshire et fait probablement ses études à la maison.

Elle épouse le réformateur religieux et politique John Jebb en 1764 et partage pleinement ses idéaux. Quand ils se marient, il enseigne à Cambridge et elle développe une réputation dans les cercles universitaires. Anne Plumptre est parmi ses amis. Son écriture prend souvent la forme de lettres, signées du nom de plume « Priscilla », comme la série qu'elle écrit au London Chronicle (1772-1774) lors du mouvement de 1771 pour abolir la souscrption universitaire et cléricale aux Trente-neuf Articles. Par la suite, en 1775, John Jebb démissionne de son poste d'église, avec le plein soutien d'Ann ; John étudie la médecine et le couple déménage ensuite à Londres, où ils sont impliqués dans un certain nombre de causes réformistes telles que l'extension du droit de vote, l'opposition à la guerre avec l'Amérique, le soutien à la Révolution française, l'abolitionnisme et la fin de la discrimination légale contre les catholiques. Après être devenue veuve en 1786, elle reste à Londres et continue à être politiquement active. Jamais robuste, elle meurt en 1812 et est enterrée avec son mari.

Ses écrits sont publiés dans le London Chronicle, le Whitehall Evening Post et le Monthly Repository, ainsi que dans des brochures et des tracts. Souvent attaquée pour ses vues politiques, elle a la particularité d'avoir été mentionnée par Richard Polwhele dans The Unsex'd Females.

Bibliographie

 Blain, Virginie, et al., éd. "Jebb, Anne." Le compagnon féministe de la littérature en anglais . New Haven et Londres : Yale UP, 1990. 572.
 Gascoigne, Jean. " Jebb, Jean (1736-1786) ." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Éd. HCG Matthew et Brian Harrison. Oxford : OUP, 2004. Éd. en ligne. Éd. Laurent Goldman. oct. 2005. 7 mai 2007.
 Trou, Robert. " Hallifax, Samuel (1733-1790) ." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Éd. HCG Matthew et Brian Harrison. Oxford : OUP, 2004. 7 mai 2007.
 Page, Antoine. "'A Great Politicianess': Ann Jebb, rational dissidence and Politics in late XVIIIth-century Britain", Women's History Review, 17:5 (2008), pp. 743-765
 Page, Antoine. John Jebb et les origines des Lumières du radicalisme britannique . Éditions Praeger, 2003.

Références

Liens externes

Personnalité anglaise du XVIIIe siècle
Femme de lettres anglaise
Décès en 1812
Naissance en 1735

Ann Jebb


En Ciencias de la Salud, el término estéril se usa para designar a todo aquel objeto o sustancia que está libre de microorganismos y que es incapaz de producir cualquier forma de vida. Este término fue acuñado por Louis Pasteur al presentar su trabajo en la Academia de Ciencias, en el cual incluyó:

Véase también
Esterilización (microbiología)
Asepsia
Antisepsia
Cirugía
Técnica aséptica

Notas y referencias

Cirugía
Microbiología

Estéril (cirugía)


Liv er en dansk kortfilm fra 2006 instrueret af Heidi Maria Faisst efter eget manuskript.

Handling
»Liv« er et kammerspil, der foregår i en lille familie hen over julen. Faren har forladt familien og den 14-årige Liv kan ikke acceptere, at hendes mor ikke har lyst til at holde jul, som de plejer. Liv gør sit bedste for at holde sammen på både familien og julen, men da Mor inviterer praktikanten fra arbejdspladsen til jul, udløser dette en magtkamp mellem Liv og hendes mor, der får konsekvenser for alle involverede.

Medvirkende

 Malou Reymann, Liv
 Nastja Arcel, Livs mor
 Paw Henriksen, praktikanten
 Frederik Paarup, Danny, Livs bror

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2006

Liv (film fra 2006)


La gare de Znamianka  (ukrainien : Знам'янка (станція)) est une gare ferroviaire située dans la ville de Znamianka en Ukraine.

Situation ferroviaire

Histoire

Avec la création de la ligne Odessa-Kiev en 1869, la gare est ouverte dans l'année, elle fut un nœud ferroviaire pour les deux guerres mondiales. Elle fut électrifiée en 1962.

Service des voyageurs

Accueil

Desserte

Intermodalité

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Transport ferroviaire en Ukraine,
 Liste de gares en Ukraine.

Liens externes

Gare dans l'oblast de Kirovohrad
Gare mise en service en 1869

Gare de Znamianka


Pastoruri puede referirse a:

Nevado Pastoruri, montaña situada en  la Cordillera Blanca en el departamento de Ancash, Perú.
Glaciar Pastoruri, glaciar ubicado en el centro del Perú en el departamento de Ancash.

Pastoruri


A Conferência da Haia de Direito Internacional Privado (sigla HCCH), ou simplesmente Conferência da Haia, é uma organização intergovernamental que administra diversas convenções internacionais, protocolos e instrumentos de soft law, com o objetivo de unificar progressivamente as normas na área do direito internacional privado (também conhecido como conflito de leis).

A Conferência da Haia foi convocada pela primeira vez por Tobias Asser em 1893, na cidade da Haia, nos Países Baixos. Em 1911, Asser recebeu o Prêmio Nobel da Paz por seu trabalho no campo do direito internacional privado e, em particular, por suas realizações em relação à HCCH. Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, a Conferência da Haia foi estabelecida como uma organização internacional.

História

Uma conferência diplomática permanente
Por iniciativa de Tobias Asser, a Primeira Sessão Diplomática da HCCH foi convocada em 1893. Seu objetivo era, e continua sendo, "trabalhar para a unificação progressiva das regras do direito internacional privado", inclusive criando e auxiliando na implementação de convenções multilaterais que promovem a harmonização das regras e princípios do direito internacional privado (também conhecido como conflito de leis).

As quatro primeiras Sessões Diplomáticas da HCCH ocorreram em 1893, 1894, 1900 e 1904, respectivamente. Elas resultaram em uma série de tratados multilaterais, incluídasa entre as "velhas convenções da Haia", que unificaram as regras do direito internacional privado nas áreas de casamento (1902), divórcio (1902), tutela (1902), processo civil (1905), efeitos do casamento (1905) e privação de direitos civis (1905).

Após a Primeira Guerra Mundial, a Quinta e a Sexta Sessões Diplomáticas ocorreram em 1925 e 1928, respectivamente. O resultado dessas Sessões Diplomáticas foi o Protocolo que reconhece a competência da Corte Permanente de Justiça Internacional para interpretar as Convenções da Haia sobre Direito Internacional Privado.

Organização intergovernamental
Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, foram tomadas medidas para estabelecer a HCCH como uma organização intergovernamental, regida por seus estados-membros e administrada por um secretariado, o Secretariado Permanente. O tratado que estabelece a HCCH, o "Estatuto da Conferência da Haia de Direito Internacional Privado", foi adotado durante a Sétima Sessão Diplomática da HCCH em 1951 e entrou em vigor em 15 de julho de 1955.

O acrônimo "HCCH" é derivado do uso das respectivas maiúsculas das frases "Hague Conference" e "Conférence de La Haye". Representa o caráter bilíngue da HCCH, que tem como idiomas de trabalho o inglês e o francês.

Governança

Membros
Em dezembro de 2022, a HCCH era composta por 91 membros, sendo 90 estados-membros e uma Organização Regional de Integração Econômica (REIO), a União Europeia.

Os estados membros contribuem para as despesas da HCCH por meio de suas contribuições estatutárias, pagas anualmente. A UE também contribui com base em contribuições acordadas.

Partes não membros
A adesão à HCCH não é uma pré-condição para assinar, ratificar ou aderir a uma ou mais Convenções da Haia, e um total de 65 estados não membros são partes de uma ou mais convenções. A HCCH os identifica como "partes não membros".

Convenções da Haia e outros instrumentos
Desde 1955, a Conferência da Haia desenvolveu 38 convenções e protocolos internacionais que estabelecem regras sobre jurisdição, lei aplicável, reconhecimento e execução de sentenças estrangeiras e cooperação jurídica. Esses intrumentos estão abertos para adoção, adesão ou ratificação por qualquer Estado, incluindo Estados que não sejam membros da HCCH.

Em 2015, a HCCH adotou seu primeiro instrumento de soft-law, os Princípios da Haia sobre a Escolha da Lei nos Contratos Comerciais Internacionais.

Convenções
Os instrumentos da Haia abrangem matérias na área do direito da família e proteção da criança, processo civil internacional e cooperação jurídica, bem como direito comercial e financeiro transfronteiriço. Essas áreas são muitas vezes referidas como os "três pilares" da HCCH. As seguintes convenções da Haia são as mais ratificadas:

 Convenção da Apostila
 Convenção de Citação
 Obtenção de provas no exterior
 Subtração internacional de crianças
 Adoção Internacional
 Convenção de Alimentos
 Acordos de Eleiçãõ de Foro
 Convenção da Haia de Proteção à Criança
 Lei aplicável aos fundos fiduciários

A mais recentemente convenção da Haia concluída é a Convenção de Sentenças da Haia, adotada em 2 de julho de 2019.

Notas

Veja também

 Lista das Convenções da Haia sobre Direito Internacional Privado
 UNIDROIT

Direito privado
Fundações nos Países Baixos em 1893
Observadores da Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas
Organizações fundadas em 1893
Direito internacional privado


Ten ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Hussar, after the hussar.

 The first  was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1757 and captured by the French in 1762 after running aground off Cape François, Hispaniola due to the negligence of the pilot and the master.
 The second  was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1763 and wrecked on 24 November 1780 while trying to negotiate the Hell Gate passage near New York City. Hussar settled to the bottom, with her masts above water, on the Bronx (north) side of the channel shore.  Rumors that she was carrying thousands of pounds in gold coin have never been confirmed, and repeated attempts to salvage the wreck have proven unsuccessful.
 The third Hussar was an American galley captured in 1778 and sold 1786. This Hussar may be the same Hussar galley built in Philadelphia during the 1777–1778 British occupation on the orders of Captain Sir Andrew Hammond to the Loyalists. It was used during the Battle of Red Bank and at Fort Mifflin under Lord Cornwallis.
 The fourth Hussar was the Massachusetts Navy's 26-gun sixth-rate , of 586 tons (bm), launched in 1779 at Newburyport, Massachusetts, that  and  captured on 5 May 1781; the Royal Navy renamed her HMS Hussar and sold her in 1783. The Danish East India Company purchased her.
 The fifth  was a 28-gun sixth rate launched in 1784 and wrecked on 27 December 1796 when a strong storm drove her onshore about 15 miles west of the Île de Batz.
 The sixth  was a 14-gun sloop, originally the French privateer Hussard, captured in 1798 and sold 1800.
 The seventh  was a 38-gun fifth rate launched in 1799 and wrecked on 8 February 1804 by grounding on a reef near the Île de Sein. Her crew burnt her and most escaped in fishing vessels they commandeered from the islanders.
 The eighth  was a 46-gun fifth rate launched 1807 and used in 1861 as a target.
 The ninth  was a torpedo gunboat in service from 1894 to 1920.
 The tenth  was a minesweeper launched in 1934 and accidentally sunk in 1944 off Normandy by Royal Air Force aircraft.

Citations

References

Royal Navy ship names

HMS Hussar


The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time er navnet på den liste over de største kunstnere gennem årene, som musiktidsskriftet Rolling Stone samlede i 2004, og opdaterede i 2011.

Listen blev samlet ved at lade 55 indbudte musikere, sangskrivere og branchefolk stemme om hvilke kunstnere de mente havde haft den største indflydelse, både på dem selv, og for nutidens musik.

For hver kunstner på listen, er der også en lille artikel skrevet af en velkendt kunstner eller producer.

Top 20

De tyve højst placerede kunstnere på listen er:

 The Beatles
 Bob Dylan
 Elvis Presley
 The Rolling Stones
 Chuck Berry
 Jimi Hendrix
 James Brown
 Little Richard
 Aretha Franklin
 Ray Charles
 Bob Marley
 The Beach Boys
 Buddy Holly
 Led Zeppelin
 Stevie Wonder
 Sam Cooke
 Muddy Waters
 Marvin Gaye
 The Velvet Underground
 Bo Diddley

Se også

 The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time
 The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time

Eksterne henvisninger
 Listen  på Rolling Stones websted

Lister relateret til musik

The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time (Rolling Stone)


Ras al-Abiada o Ras el Abyad es el nombre árabe del cabo tunecino más conocido como Cabo Blanco, al norte de Bizerta. Considerado a menudo el punto más septentrional del continente africano, este honor recae realmente en el vecino Cabo de Ras Ben Sekka. Desde el Cabo Blanco hasta Bizerta hay una playa de 5 km de largo.

Véase también
 Geografía de Túnez

Referencias

Fuente

Blanco

Cabo Blanco (Túnez)


The Chieftains are a traditional Irish folk band formed in Dublin in  1962, by Paddy Moloney, Seán Potts and Michael Tubridy. Their sound, which is almost entirely instrumental and largely built around uilleann pipes, has become synonymous with traditional Irish music. They are regarded as having helped popularise Irish music around the world. They have won six Grammy Awards during their career and they were given a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. Some music experts have credited The Chieftains with bringing traditional Irish music to a worldwide audience, so much so that the Irish government awarded them the honorary title of 'Ireland's Musical Ambassadors' in 1989.

Name
The band's name came from the book Death of a Chieftain by Irish author John Montague. Assisted early on by Garech Browne, they signed with his company Claddagh Records. They needed financial success abroad, and succeeded in this.

Career

Origins
Paddy Moloney was a member of Ceoltóirí Chualann, a group of musicians who specialised in instrumentals, and sought to form a new band. Their first rehearsals were held at Moloney's house, with David Fallon and Martin Fay joining the original three. The group remained only semi-professional until the 1970s. By then, they had achieved great success in Ireland and the United Kingdom.

Rise to international fame
In 1973, their popularity began to spread to the United States when their previous albums were released there by Island Records. They received further acclaim when they worked on the Academy Award–winning soundtrack to Stanley Kubrick's 1975 film Barry Lyndon, which triggered their transition to the mainstream in the US.

Successful career
The group continued to release successful records throughout the 1970s and 1980s, and their work with Van Morrison in 1988 resulted in the critically acclaimed album Irish Heartbeat. They went on to collaborate with many other well-known musicians and singers; among them Luciano Pavarotti, the Rolling Stones, Madonna, Sinéad O'Connor, Roger Daltrey, and Van Morrison.

50th anniversary
In 2012, they celebrated their 50th anniversary with an ambitious album and tour. The album, Voice of Ages, was produced by T Bone Burnett and featured the Chieftains collaborating with many musicians including Bon Iver, Paolo Nutini and The Decemberists. It also included a collaboration with NASA astronaut Catherine Coleman playing the flute aboard the International Space Station as it orbited the Earth. The Chieftains performed at Carnegie Hall on March 17, 2012.

The Irish Goodbye Tour
In February 2019, The Chieftains embarked on an extensive farewell tour entitled the "Irish Goodbye Tour", including a 2019 European leg, a 2020 Canadian leg and two 2019 and 2020 US legs.

On 13 March 2020, the band announced that a few tour dates of their "Irish Goodbye Tour" had been postponed (until further notice) due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2021: Paddy Moloney's death
The Chieftains' co-founder and leader Paddy Moloney died suddenly on 12 October 2021, leaving the band's future uncertain.

2022: Live in San Francisco 1973 & 1976
On 23 July 2022, in celebration of the band's 60 years, it was announced the forthcoming release on 2 September 2022 on vinyl, CD, and digital downloads of Bear's Sonic Journals: The Foxhunt, The Chieftains Live in San Francisco 1973 & 1976 featuring the Chieftains performing live in San Francisco in 1973 and 1976. The 2CD & Digital editions of the album feature the recordings of two entire shows in San Francisco: on October 1, 1973 at The Boarding House during their first tour in the U.S. (an unscheduled gig which occurred at Jerry Garcia's invitation to open for his bluegrass band, Old & In the Way) and on May 5, 1976 at The Great American Music Hall, while the vinyl release features 2 sides containing (only) the performance from October 1, 1973.

Collaborations

The band has become known for their vast work of collaborations with popular musicians of many genres, including country music, Galician traditional music, Newfoundland music, and rock and roll.  Their widespread work as collaborators resulted in the Irish Government awarding the group the honorary title of Ireland's Musical Ambassadors in 1989.

They have performed with (in alphabetical order):

In May 1986, they performed at Self Aid, a benefit concert held in Dublin that focused on the problem of chronic unemployment which was widespread in Ireland at that time. In 1994, they appeared in Roger Daltrey's production, album and video of A Celebration: The Music of Pete Townshend and The Who. They performed with Canadian astronaut Cmdr. Chris Hadfield in Houston, Texas, on 15 February 2013. Hadfield sang and played guitar on "Moondance" from aboard the International Space Station.

Success and legacy
The band has won six Grammy Awards and been nominated eighteen times. They have won an Emmy and a Genie and contributed tracks, including their highly praised version of the song Women of Ireland, to Leonard Rosenman's Oscar-winning score for Stanley Kubrick's 1975 film Barry Lyndon. In 2002 they were given a Lifetime Achievement Award by the UK's BBC Radio 2. Two of their singles have been minor hits in the UK Singles Chart. "Have I Told You Lately" (credited to The Chieftains with Van Morrison) reached No. 71 in 1995. "I Know My Love" (credited to The Chieftains featuring The Corrs) reached No. 37 in 1999.

Dr. Gearóid Ó hAllmhuráin said the success of The Chieftains helped place Irish traditional music on a par with other musical genres in the world of popular entertainment. By collaborating with pop and rock musicians, they have taken Irish music to a much wider audience. They have become, in effect, musical ambassadors for Ireland. This de facto role was officially recognised by the Irish government in 1989 when it awarded the group the honorary title of Ireland's Musical Ambassadors.

Notable performances
They played in a concert for Pope John Paul II, before an audience of more than one million people in 1979 in Phoenix Park in Dublin, to mark the Papal visit to Ireland.

In 1983, they were invited by the Chinese Government to perform with the Chinese Broadcasting Art Group in a concert on the Great Wall of China, becoming the first western musical group to do so. They were the first group to perform in the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C., invited by Senator Edward Kennedy and the former Speaker of the House, Tip O'Neill.

In 2011, they performed at a concert in Dublin attended by President Mary McAleese and Queen Elizabeth II of Britain during her first ever official trip to the Republic of Ireland.

On 14 April 2023, they reunited for one last time to play for president Joe Biden who was visiting his ancestral home of Ballina, County Mayo in a historical tour of the Island.

Personnel

 Current members
 Kevin Conneff – bodhrán, vocals (1976–present)
 Matt Molloy – flute, tin whistle (1979–present)

 Former members
 Paddy Moloney – uilleann pipes, tin whistle, button accordion, bodhrán (1962–2021; died 2021)
 Seán Potts – tin whistle, bones, bodhrán (1962–1979; died 2014)
 Michael Tubridy – flute, concertina, tin whistle (1962–1979)
 David Fallon – bodhrán (1962–1966; died)
 Martin Fay – fiddle, bones (1962–2002; died 2012)
 Peadar Mercier – bodhrán, bones (1966–1976; died 1991)
 Seán Keane – fiddle, tin whistle (1968–2002; occasional performances thereafter; died 2023)
 Derek Bell – Irish harp, keyboard instruments, oboe (1975–2002; died 2002)
 Ronnie McShane – bones, bodhrán (1975–1976; died 2017)

 Touring musicians
 Tim Edey – guitars, melodeon/button accordion, piano, backing vocals
 Seamie O'Dowd – guitars, accordion (replacing Tim Edey when he is not touring?)
 Triona Marshall – keyboards, harp
 Tara Breen – fiddle, saxophone, step dancing
 Alyth McCormack – vocals, step dancing
 Jon Pilatzke – fiddle, step dancing
 Nathan Pilatzke – step dancing
 Cara Butler – step dancing

Discography

 The Chieftains (1964)
 The Chieftains 2 (1969)
 The Chieftains 3 (1971)
 The Chieftains 4 (1973)
 The Chieftains 5 (1975)
 The Chieftains 6: Bonaparte's Retreat (1976)
 The Chieftains 7 (1977)
 The Chieftains Live!  (1977, live)
 The Chieftains 8 (1978)
 The Chieftains 9: Boil the Breakfast Early (1979)
 The Chieftains 10: Cotton-Eyed Joe (1980)
 The Grey Fox (1982) (soundtrack to The Grey Fox)
 The Year of the French (1983, with the RTÉ Concert Orchestra)
 The Chieftains in China (1985)
 Ballad of the Irish Horse (1986)
 Celtic Wedding (1987)
 In Ireland (1987) (with James Galway)
 Irish Heartbeat (1988) (with Van Morrison)
 The Tailor of Gloucester (1988) (with Meryl Streep)
 A Chieftains Celebration (1989)
 Over the Sea To Skye: The Celtic Connection (1990) (with James Galway)
 The Bells of Dublin (1991)
 Reel Music (1991)
 Another Country (1992)
 An Irish Evening (1992, live)
 The Best of the Chieftains (1992, compilation)
 Far and Away original motion picture soundtrack (with John Williams) (1992)
 The Celtic Harp: A Tribute to Edward Bunting (1993) (with The Belfast Harp Orchestra)
 The Long Black Veil (1995)
 Film Cuts (1996)
 Santiago (1996)
 Long Journey Home (1998, with the Irish Film Orchestra and Elvis Costello)
 Fire in the Kitchen (1998, compilation)
 Silent Night: A Christmas in Rome (1998, live)
 Tears of Stone (1999)
 Water From the Well (2000)
 The Wide World Over (2002, compilation)
 Down the Old Plank Road: The Nashville Sessions (2002)
 Further Down the Old Plank Road (2003)
 Live from Dublin: A Tribute to Derek Bell (2005, live)
 The Essential Chieftains (2006, compilation)
 San Patricio (2010) (with Ry Cooder)
 Voice of Ages (2012)
 Bear's Sonic Journals: The Foxhunt, The Chieftains Live in San Francisco 1973 & 1976 (2022)

Explanatory notes

Citations

General sources

External links

 Official website
 Band history
 The Chieftains, National Geographic World Music (archived)

Celtic music groups
Claddagh Records artists
Grammy Award winners
Irish folk musical groups
Island Records artists
Musical groups established in 1962
Musical groups from Dublin (city)
RCA Records artists
Van Morrison
1962 establishments in Ireland

The Chieftains


Marcos Kostenbader Valle (f. 14. september 1943) er brasilískur söngvari, textahöfundur og upptökustjóri.

Brasilískir tónlistarmenn
Brasilískir upptökustjórar

Marcos Valle


Leon Sebbelin (født 1960) er politiker i Det Radikale Venstre og tidligere borgmester i Rebild Kommune. Sebbelin har en uddannelse som cand.merc.

Siden 1991 og frem til slutningen af 2013 var han direktør i sit eget revisionsfirma Leon Sebbelin A/S. I 2014 blev han partner i Attiri efter at de to firmaer fusionerede.

Som medlem af Radikale Venstre begyndte Sebbelins politiske aktivitet med studenterpolitisk arbejde under studietiden på Handelshøjskolen i Århus. Efter en årrække som byrådsmedlem blev han borgmester i 2014.

Referencer

Borgmestre i Danmark 2018-2021
Revisorer fra Danmark
Borgmestre fra Det Radikale Venstre
Borgmestre i Rebild
Medlemmer af Rigsretten

Leon Sebbelin


O Grande Incêndio de Boston de 1872 foi o maior incêndio de Boston e ainda é uma das perdas de propriedade relacionadas a incêndios mais caras da história norte-americana. A conflagração começou às 19h20 de sábado, 9 de novembro de 1872, no porão de um armazém comercial em 83-87 Summer Street. O incêndio foi finalmente contido 12 horas depois, depois de ter consumido cerca de 65 acres (26 ha) do centro de Boston, 776 prédios e grande parte do distrito financeiro, causando danos de US$ 73,5 milhões (equivalente a US$ 1,453 bilhão em 2020). A destruição dos edifícios foi avaliada em US$ 13,5 milhões e a perda de bens pessoais foi avaliada em US$ 60 milhões. No final, pelo menos 30 pessoas morreram, incluindo 12 bombeiros.

Galeria de Imagens

Referências

Links externos

 Boston Public Library - Flickr.
 Flash Map of Fire from MapJunction
 Boston Fire Department History
 Boston, MA The Great Fire, Nov 1872, GenDisasters.com

Boston
1872 nos Estados Unidos
História de Boston

Grande incêndio de Boston


Black Sash (deutsch: "Schwarze Schärpe") ist eine Bürgerrechts- und Nichtregierungsorganisation von Frauen in Südafrika. Sie wurde 1955 als gewaltfreie Bewegung von "weißen" Frauen gegen die Apartheid in Südafrika gegründet und setzte sich für die Rechte der "Nicht-Weißen" ein.

Geschichte
Die Südafrikanerin Jean Sinclair (1908–1996) gründete während einer Teerunde mit fünf weiteren Frauen aus der "weißen" Mittelschicht in Kapstadt die Organisation, um gegen die Änderung des Wahlrechts in der Kapprovinz durch die Apartheidsregierung im Zuge der Einschränkungen aus dem Separate Representation of Voters Act zu protestieren. Dabei war den Coloureds das Wahlrecht entzogen worden. Der ursprüngliche Name der Organisation lautete  (etwa: "Frauenliga zur Verteidigung der Verfassung"). Dabei verhängten sie als Zeichen der Trauer eine Nachbildung des Verfassungstextes mit einer schwarzen Schärpe (). Bei der ersten landesweiten Versammlung im April 1956 in Bloemfontein nahm die Organisation den Namen Black Sash an. 1961 wurde das Hauptquartier von Kapstadt nach Johannesburg verlegt. Seit 1963 steht die Mitgliedschaft Frauen aller Hautfarben offen. Bis 1975 amtierte Jean Sinclair als Vorsitzende. Black Sash protestierte gegen zahlreiche Gesetze der Regierung, welche die "Nicht-Weißen" diskriminierten, etwa die Passgesetze. Sie veranstalteten Demonstrationen und Mahnwachen und trugen dabei die schwarze Schärpe. Sie unterhielten Büros, in denen sich Apartheidsopfer juristisch beraten lassen konnten. Als "Weiße" wandten sie sich an ihre Parlamentsabgeordneten, die ausschließlich von "Weißen" gewählt worden waren, um Druck auszuüben. Viele der Frauen sahen sich Anfeindungen anderer "Weißer" ausgesetzt, mehrere wurden tätlich angegriffen, inhaftiert oder gebannt. 1983 war Black Sash maßgeblich an der Gründung der End Conscription Campaign (etwa: "Beendet-die-Wehrpflicht-Kampagne") beteiligt, die sich erfolgreich für eine Abschaffung der Wehrpflicht einsetzte.

Nelson Mandela würdigte die Arbeit von Black Sash in der ersten Rede nach seiner Freilassung aus langer Haft im Februar 1990:

Ein Appell von Black Sash an die damaligen Konfliktparteien führte Mitte der 1990er Jahre zur Bildung der Wahrheits- und Versöhnungskommission (TRC), deren Arbeit maßgeblich zur Versöhnung in Südafrika beitrug.

Mit der Abschaffung der Apartheid in den frühen 1990er Jahren änderte Black Sash ihr Profil hin zu einer Menschenrechtsorganisation, die allen Südafrikanerinnen offensteht. Die vier Ziele sind
 Information der Bevölkerung über ihre Rechte
 Einsatz für eine Politik, die diese Rechte beschützt und ausbaut
 Beobachtung des Rechtswesens und Eingreifen, wenn diese Rechte gefährdet sind, und
 kostenlose Rechtsberatung, die den Ratsuchenden zeigt, wie sie innerhalb des Rechtssystems ihre Rechte wahrnehmen können.

An der Spitze von Black Sash steht eine National Director; 2012 ist dies Marcella Naidoo. Ein Aufsichtsrat kontrolliert die Arbeit der Organisation. Die Zentrale befindet sich wieder in Kapstadt. Der Wahlspruch der Organisation lautet Making Human Rights Real (deutsch: "Die Menschenrechte Wirklichkeit werden lassen").

Seit 1995 wird die Arbeit des Parlaments in Südafrika durch die unabhängige  (deutsch etwa: Parlamentarische Monitoringgruppe) begleitet. Sie fördert mit ihren Aktivitäten die öffentliche Bereitstellung von korrekten und nachprüfbaren Informationen. Black Sash gehört zu den Gründungsorganisationen dieser Institution, die seit dem Juli 2009 als eine unabhängige Nichtregierungsorganisation zur Transparenz im parlamentarischen Alltag beiträgt.

Zu den bekanntesten Black-Sash-Mitgliedern zählen Helen Zille und Ellen Hellmann (1908–1982).

Publikationen
Die Organisation gab ein Journal mit dem Titel The Black sash: Die Swart serp heraus. Die Zeitschrift erschien quartalsweise von 1956 bis 1969. Seitdem erscheint sie unter dem Namen Sash.

Weitere Mitglieder
 Jean Sinclair (Gründungsmitglied und Präsidentin)
 Sheena Duncan (Präsidentin)
 Rose Zwi (bis 1988)

Siehe auch
 Damen in Weiß
 Madres de Plaza de Mayo

Literatur
 Cherry Michelman: Black Sash of South Africa: Case study in liberalism. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1975, ISBN 0192184121
 Kathryn Spink: The Black Sash: Beginning of a bridge in South Africa. Methuen Publishing, London 1991, ISBN 0413623807
 Mirabel Rogers: The Black Sash: The story of the South African Women's Defence of the Constitution League. Rotonews, Johannesburg 1956

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website (englisch)
 Kurzbeschreibung in: A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1956-1957, S. 6-7 (S. 5 PDF-Dokument; 2,0 MB) (englisch)
 Kurzbeschreibung mit Bildmaterial des Alan Paton Centre & Struggle Archives. auf www.paton.ukzn.ac.za (englisch)
 Black Sash – 65 year anniversary. Bildersammlung auf www.africamediaonline.com (englisch)
 Materialien zu Black Sash bei overcomingapartheid.msu.edu (englisch)
 Materialien auf der Website der University of Cape Town. auf www.lib.uct.ac.za (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Organisation (Südafrika)
Apartheid
Gewaltfreiheit
Frauenverband
Bürgerrechtsorganisation
Gegründet 1955

Black Sash


Emmanuel Saubusse, né le , est un joueur français de rugby à XV évoluant au poste de demi de mêlée avec Soyaux Angoulême XV Charente.

Biographie
Emmanuel Saubusse débute le rugby à l'âge de 5 ans à l'Union athlétique Gujan-Mestras. Il poursuit son apprentissage au sein de l'entente du Sud Bassin Association rugby. Par la suite, il rejoint l'Union Bordeaux Bègles en deuxième année cadets avec qui il fera ses débuts avec l'équipe professionnelle en Pro D2 lors de la saison 2008-2009. Puis il débutera en Top 14 avec le club girondin lors de la saison 2011-2012.

En 2014, il retourne en Pro D2 où il évolue avec le Stade montois rugby durant deux saisons avant de rejoindre à l'été 2016 l'Aviron bayonnais alors en Top 14. Il aura été entraîné par Vincent Etcheto à l'UBB, au Stade montois et à l'Aviron bayonnais. Il remporte le championnat de France de Pro D2 avec le club basque en 2019.

En fin de contrat avec l'Aviron bayonnais en 2020, il quitte le club à l'issue de la saison 2019-2020.

A l'été 2020, il s'engage avec le Stade montois rugby.

En avril 2021, il s'engage avec Soyaux Angoulême XV Charente avec qui il évoluera en Nationale à partir de la saison 2021-2022 où il retrouve Vincent Etcheto comme manager.

Palmarès

 2019 : Vainqueur du championnat de Pro D2 avec l'Aviron bayonnais.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Liens externes

Joueur français de rugby à XV
Naissance en novembre 1989
Naissance en Gironde
Demi de mêlée (rugby à XV)
Joueur de l'Union Bordeaux Bègles
Joueur du Stade montois
Joueur de l'Aviron bayonnais
Joueur du Soyaux Angoulême XV

Emmanuel Saubusse


Yer
 Kansas - ABD eyaletlerinden biri.
 Kansas City - ABD'nin Missouri ve Kansas eyalet sınırları içinde kalan bir şehir.

Kurum
 Kansas State University - ABD'de bir üniversite.

Müzik
 Kansas - Amerikalı Progresif rock grubu.

Spor
 Kansas City Kings, Sacramento Kings basketbol takımının eski adlarından biri
 Kansas City Royals, beyzbol takımı
 Kansas City Scouts, buz hokeyi takımı
 Kansas City Wizards, Sporting Kansas City futbol takımının eski adı

Kansas (anlam ayrımı)


La microrregión de los Gerais de Balsas es una de las microrregiones del estado brasileño del Maranhão perteneciente a la mesorregión Sur Maranhense. Su población según el censo de 2010 es de 130.425 habitantes y está dividida en cinco municipios. Su población está formada por una mayoría de negros y mulatos 54.8, caboclos(mestizos de indios y blancos)23.5,blancos 21.4, asiáticos 0.2 e indígenas 0.1, habitaban la región 164 indígenas en 2010. Posee un área total de 36.503,111 km².

Municipios

 Alto Parnaíba
 Balsas
 Feira Nova do Maranhão
 Riachão
 Tasso Fragoso

Generales de Balsas

Microrregión de los Gerais de Balsas


Mútne este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Námestovo din regiunea Žilina. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 2.990 de locuitori. Se învecinează cu comuna .

Istoric
Localitatea Mútne este atestată documentar din 1659.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Mútne


Camp Hale was a U.S. Army training facility in the western United States, constructed in 1942 for what became the Tenth Mountain Division. Located in central Colorado between Red Cliff and Leadville in the Eagle River Valley at an elevation of , it was named for General Irving Hale. Onslow S. Rolfe, who had developed mountain warfare techniques as commander of the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment, was selected to command Camp Hale.

Soldiers were trained in mountain climbing, Alpine and Nordic skiing, cold-weather survival, and various weapons and ordnance.  When it was in full operation, approximately 15,000 soldiers were housed there.

The creation of an elite ski corps was a national effort, with assistance from the National Association of Ski Patrol, local ski clubs, and Hollywood. Enough men were recruited to create three army regiments, which were deployed after training. Camp Hale was decommissioned in November 1945.

On October 12, 2022, President Joe Biden designated Camp Hale and a noncontiguous nearby part of the Tenmile Range as Camp Hale—Continental Divide National Monument. It comprises , which will be managed by the White River National Forest unit of the U.S. Forest Service. Conversion of the site to a monument will not affect any permits held by the neighboring ski resorts and the monument will continue to support a wide range of motorized and non-motorized recreation opportunities.

World War II

Construction
The armed ski corps in the U.S. was based on the ski warfare tactics of the Finnish Army during the Winter War (1939–1940). Early in the effort, 8,000 skiers and outdoorsmen were recruited. The camp was built to accommodate the effort at a cost of $30 million.

The War Department chose the location at  because the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad stopped at Pando rail station and historically the snowfall in the Tennessee Pass area was plentiful. Construction of the camp began in the spring of 1942 and finished seven months later; during that period Highway 24 was moved, a sewage system installed to prevent pollution in the nearby town of Red Cliff, and the meadow drained. Additionally, the nearby town of Leadville to the south, the only source of recreation for the trainees, was persuaded to change its moral character, perceived "to be on a rather low plane."

The camp included mess halls, infirmaries, a ski shop, administrative offices, a movie theater, and stables for livestock. White painted barracks for 15,000 soldiers were built straight lines on the mountain meadow, but when the first trainees of the 87th Regiment of the 10th Light Division, quickly renamed the 10th Mountain Division, arrived in the winter of 1942 only a small portion of barracks were filled. The War Department needed to train more skiers in the elite fighting ski corps and asked the American Ski Patrol Association to contact ski racing clubs, ski schools, and local patrol units, nationwide—each applicant had to supply three letters of recommendation.

Recruitment
After 1942 problems in communication caused by the war slowed the recruitment effort. However, that year, Darryl Zanuck released Sun Valley Serenade, starring Sonja Henie and featuring the Glenn Miller Orchestra, and filmed on location in Sun Valley. The movie was a hit and the Hollywood effort helped to interest trainees in the ski corps. Two more wartime movies were made, each filmed at Camp Hale, featuring the white-clad elite troops—Mountain Fighters in 1943 and I Love a Soldier in 1944. The ski corps was featured on national magazine covers and popular radio shows. Although the effort brought in recruits to add the 86th and 85th Regiments for a full division, recruiters realized not enough skiers existed to fill the new regiments; thereafter, efforts were made to bring in rugged outdoorsmen of all types with the slogan that the 10th Mountain Division was made up of "college boys to cowboys". In addition, 200 women from the Women's Army Corps were brought in for administrative support.

Training

By 1943, Camp Hale had as many as 14,000 men in training. Conditions in the camp were harsh: the altitude required acclimation and the shallow valley created polluted inversion layers, as the primary energy source was coal. Recreation (outside of skiing) was non-existent because of the camp's high mountain isolation, which prevented even the USO from visiting, and many of the non-skiing trainees hated skiing. Trainees were taught to ski at Cooper Hill by ski instructors, brought from the ski-areas such as Sun Valley and Waterville Valley. Located three miles (5 km) south of the camp, Cooper Hill had on-site barracks for the instructors and a newly built T-bar lift for the trainees.

Military use of Camp Hale included the 10th Mountain Division, commanded by Lloyd E. Jones, the 38th Regimental Combat Team, the Norwegian-American 99th Infantry Battalion (Separate), and soldiers from Fort Carson conducting mountain and winter warfare training exercises.  Trainees were taught skiing, mountain climbing, snow survival skills (such as building snow caves), and winter combat. Also present at Camp Hale was the 620th Engineer General Service Company, a unit composed of suspected unreliable German-Americans or soldiers with suspected pro-National Socialist beliefs.

Camp Hale was active for just three years; it was deactivated in November 1945 and the 10th Mountain Division moved to Texas.

Prisoner of war camp
Camp Hale held "about 400 of the most incorrigible members of Field Marshal Erwin Rommel's Afrika Corps". On 15 February 1944, guard Private Dale Maple of the 620th Engineer General Service Unit drove away with German Sergeants Heinrich Kikillus and Erhard Schwichtenberg. They made it to Mexico before being arrested and turned over to U.S. authorities. In an unrelated scandal, in March 1944, five WACs were charged with exchanging notes with the prisoners. Three received sentences of four to six months of confinement. The army used POWs to dismantle most of the structures in 1945.

Late 20th century

Tibetans were secretly trained at Camp Hale by the CIA. "By February 1963, four groups totaling 135 Tibetans (ten more than originally planned) had arrived at Hale." This was "... the first wave of Tibetans." The site was chosen because of the similarities of the terrain with the Himalayan Plateau. The Tibetans nicknamed the camp "Dhumra", meaning "The Garden". The CIA circulated a story in the local press that Camp Hale was to be the site of atomic tests and would be a high security zone. Until the camp was closed in 1964, the entire area was cordoned off and its perimeter patrolled by military police. In all, around 259 Tibetans were trained at Camp Hale, and after it was dismantled, no Tibetans remained in Colorado. From 1958 to 1960, Anthony Poshepny trained various special missions teams, including Tibetan Khambas and Hui Muslims, for operations in China against the communist government.

In 1965, Camp Hale was dismantled and the land was deeded to the U.S. Forest Service.  Since 1974, the area has become a youth development training center. An Eagle County non-profit organization, SOS Outreach, has used the site to expose disadvantaged youth to many of the same outdoor challenges experienced by the 10th Mountain Division.

In 1962, Pete Seibert, who was among the soldiers who trained at Camp Hale and then returned to the area after the war, founded the Vail Ski Resort nearby.

In July and August 1985 the valley was the site of the North American Pathfinder camporee with 16,129 attending.

Current status
In 2003, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began a cleanup effort to remove some of the unexploded ordnance at the site in conjunction with several other government agencies. This effort is still ongoing.

Most of the remnants of Camp Hale are located in the White River National Forest. There are camping grounds where overnight camping is permitted on this former army base. Several informational plaques are located throughout the area. These plaques contain historical information about camp construction, the 99th Infantry Battalion, ski training, rock climbing/alpine training, the motor pool area, CIA training, and camp entertainment.

National Monument
In 2019, the Camp Hale site was proposed to be the first National Historic Landscape, under the Colorado Outdoor Recreation & Economy (CORE) Act, which would designate 28,728 acres for preservation. Congressman Joe Neguse hosted Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, Colorado Governor Jared Polis, and U.S. Senators Michael Bennet and John Hickenlooper at Camp Hale on August 22, 2022, in support of the bill. With the bill stalled in Congress, on October 12, 2022, President Biden visited the site with the same five leaders and used the Antiquities Act to declare the site a national monument, the 53,804-acre Camp Hale – Continental Divide National Monument. While the designation had support of area mayors and county commissioners and "drew a flurry of praise from political, social and conservation groups", various conservative politicians spoke out in opposition to the new national monument. A survey had found 86% of Coloradans supported national monument protections for Colorado recreation and conservation areas.

The monument includes approximately 28,684 acres in the Camp Hale area and 25,210 acres in the Tenmile area. The Tenmile area was originally proposed in the CORE Act to be recreation management area and wilderness area. The Continental Divide Trail passes through both sections for approximately 20 miles.

See also
 Chushi Gangdruk
 List of national monuments of the United States
 List of protected areas of Colorado
 M116 howitzer
 M29 Weasel
 Ski Cooper
 Tibetan Resistance Since 1950

References

Sources
 "Veterans Closer than Brothers". The Denver Post.  29 July 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
 Cowan, Jay. Big Pete's Last Drive. The Aspen Times. 17 February 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
Govan, Thomas B., Captain. History of the Tenth Light Division (Alpine) The Army Ground Forces Study, No. 28. 1946. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
Govan, Thomas B., Captain. "The Army Ground Forces:Training For Mountain and Winter Warfare" The Army Ground Forces Study, No. 23. 1946. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
 Shelton, Peter. Climb to Conquer: The Untold Story of WWII's 10th Mountain Division. Scribner, 2003. .

Further reading
Vietnam Magazine, August 2006

External links

Camp Hale-Continental Divide National Monument
 Establishment proclamation
 Rocky Mountain PBS - Colorado Experience TV program (fall 2020): Camp Hale (YouTube video; closed captioning available)
 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment - background, studies, risk assessment/management of leftover WWII munitions
 History Colorado -  online collection of 10th Mountain Division / Camp Hale artifacts
 Metropolitan State College of Denver –  website about Camp Hale
 Asian American Media.org – CIA's involvement in the Tibetan resistance

1942 establishments in Colorado
1945 disestablishments in Colorado
2022 establishments in Colorado
Buildings and structures in Eagle County, Colorado
Closed training facilities of the United States Army
Former populated places in Eagle County, Colorado
Geography of Eagle County, Colorado
Ghost towns in Colorado
History of Colorado
Military facilities on the National Register of Historic Places in Colorado
Military history of Colorado
Mountain warfare training installations
National Monuments in Colorado
National Register of Historic Places in Eagle County, Colorado
Protected areas of Eagle County, Colorado
United States Forest Service National Monuments

Camp Hale


Die isländische Fußballmeisterschaft 1970 war die 59. Spielzeit der höchsten isländischen Fußballliga. Die Liga begann am 23. Mai 1970 und endete mit den letzten Spielen am 27. September 1970.

Es nahmen acht Mannschaften an der Meisterschaft teil, die in einer einfachen Hin- und Rückrunde ausgetragen wurde. Der Titel ging nach zehn Jahren wieder an ÍA Akranes.

Abschlusstabelle

Kreuztabelle
Die Kreuztabelle stellt die Ergebnisse aller Spiele dieser Saison dar. Die Heimmannschaft ist in der ersten Spalte aufgelistet, die Gastmannschaft in der obersten Reihe. Die Ergebnisse sind immer aus Sicht der Heimmannschaft angegeben.

Torschützenliste
Die folgende Tabelle gibt die besten Torschützen der Saison wieder.

Weblinks und Referenzen

Fußballsaison 1970
1970

Isländische Fußballmeisterschaft 1970


La temporada 1979 fue la 7.ª edición del Campeonato Mundial de Rally. Comenzó el 20 de enero en el Rally de Montecarlo y finalizó el 14 de diciembre en el Rally de Costa de Marfil. Se establece por primera vez el Campeonato de Pilotos, en sustitución de la Copa FIA para pilotos de rally. El vencedor fue el sueco Björn Waldegård, proclamándose así en el primer campeón del mundo de rally.

Calendario

Equipos

Resultados

Campeonato de Pilotos

Campeonato de Constructores

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Sitio oficial
 Página con información.

1979

Temporada 1979 del Campeonato Mundial de Rally


Gurgaon (en hindi: गुड़गांव ) es una ciudad de la India, centro administrativo del distrito de Gurgaon, en el estado de Haryana. Forma parte de la zona conurbada de Delhi, donde se encuentra la capital de la India, de la cual dista 30 kilómetros y a la cual está unida por una autopista y la red del metro. En comparación con Delhi, Gurgaon es una ciudad de infraestructura más moderna y desarrollada, así como también cuenta con un mayor número de servicios y comodidades que son difíciles de encontrar en la capital (centros comerciales, corporativos bancarios y empresariales, cines, aceras), además de la inexistencia de organismos públicos.

Geografía
Se encuentra a una altitud de 229  a 287 km de la capital estatal, Chandigarh, en la zona horaria UTC +5:30.

Demografía
Según la estimación en 2011 contaba con una población de 876.824 habitantes.

Clima
La ciudad experimenta cuatro estaciones - primavera (febrero - marzo), verano (julio - agosto), otoño / otoño (septiembre - octubre ) y el invierno (noviembre - enero), junto con el ajuste hacia dentro de la segunda mitad de la temporada de verano del monzón

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Gurgaon, Ciudad sin políticos ni planificación central

Localidades de Haryana

Gurgaon


Murat Gülsoy (d. 1967, İstanbul), Türk yazar, akademisyen.

Öykü, roman, inceleme türlerinde eserler vermiştir. Eserleri Sait Faik Hikâye Armağanı (2001), Yunus Nadi Roman Ödülü (2004), Notre Dame de Sion ödülü (2013), Sedat Simavi Edebiyat Ödüllerine (2014) layık görülmüştür. 2004-2021 yılları arasında Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi'nin genel yayın yönetmenliği görevini yapan Gülsoy 2014 yılından beri de Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Nâzım Hikmet Kültür ve Sanat Araştırma Merkezi müdürlüğü görevini sürdürmektedir.

Yaşamı
1967'de İstanbul'da doğdu. Kabataş Erkek Lisesi'ni bitirdi.  Yüksek öğrenimini Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği bölümünde tamamladı (1989). Aynı üniversitenin Psikoloji Bölümü'nde  "Face-Specific Evoked Brain Potentials"(İnsan yüzlerine ilişkin uyarılmış beyin potansiyelleri) başlıklı tezi ile yüksek lisans  derecesi aldı. (1992).  İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Biyomedikal Mühendisliği programında doktora yaptı. Beyin cerrahisinde kullanılacak bir cerrahi lazer sistemi üzerinde tez yazarak doktorasını tamamladı (2000)..

2000 yılından beri Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Biyomedikal Mühendisliği Enstitüsü'nde öğretim üyesi olarak görev yapan Gülsoy,  biyofotonik alanında çalışmaktadır. Lazer-doku etkileşimi, lazerle doku kaynağı, cerrahi lazer sistemi tasarımı konularında çok sayıda yayımlanmış makalesi bulunur.

Edebi yaşamı

1992-2002 yılları arasında Selçuk Akman ve Nazlı Ökten ile birlikte  Hayalet Gemi dergisini çıkardı. Bu dergide öykü ve deneme türünde yazılarını yayımladı.

Hayalet Gemi'deki hikâyelerden bir seçme olan ilk kitabı "Oysa Herkes Kendisiyle Meşgul" 1999 yılında yayımlandı. Ertesi yıl  Abbie Hoffman'ın  1971 tarihli kitabının ismini ("Steal This Book") kullanarak "Bu Kitabı Çalın" adlı hikâye kitabını yayımladı ve bu kitap ile 2001 yılı Sait Faik Hikâye Armağanı'nı kazandı.

İlk romanı "Bu Filmin Kötü Adamı Benim" ile 2004 yılı Yunus Nadi Roman Ödülü, "Bu Filmin, "Baba, Oğul ve Kutsal Roman" adlı romanı ile 2013 yılı Notre Dame de Sion Edebiyat Ödülü'ne, Gölgeler ve Hayaller Şehrinde romanı il 2014 yılı Sedat Simavi Edebiyat Ödülü'ne   değer görüldü.

Kitapları çeşitli dillere (İngilizce, Almanca, Çince, Makedonca, Rumence, Bulgarca, Arapça, Arnavutça) çevrilen yazar<ref name=arapca>{{Web kaynağı |url=http://www.tedaproject.gov.tr/TR,53202/722-istanbulda-bir-merhamet-haftasimurat-gulsoy-dar-al-.html |başlık=Bir Merhamet Haftası\Murat Gülsoy-Dar Al Hiwar''', Tedaproject web sitesi, erişim tarihi:08.12.2014 |erişimtarihi=8 Aralık 2014 |arşiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225154004/http://www.tedaproject.gov.tr/TR,53202/722-istanbulda-bir-merhamet-haftasimurat-gulsoy-dar-al-.html |arşiv-tarihi=25 Aralık 2014 |ölüurl=hayır }}</ref> yapıtlarında gerçekliğin ve zihinsel deneyimlerin aldatıcılığı, rüyalar, ölüm ve aklın sınırları gibi konuları akıcı bir üslupla ele almaktadır.

Edebiyat üzerine de inceleme ve denemeler de yazan Gülsoy, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi'nde vermekte olduğu yaratıcı yazarlık derslerini  "Büyübozumu: Yaratıcı Yazarlık" adlı kitabında, modernizm/postmodernizm üzerine görüşlerini  602.Gece adlı inceleme kitabında yayımlamıştır.

 Radyoculuk ve yayıncılık yaşamı
Açık Radyo'da 1995-2002 yılları arasında Hayalet Gemi, Simgeler Sözlüğü, Ubor Metenga gibi programlarda yer almış olan Gülsoy 2010-2013 yılları arasında TRT Türk kanalında Açık Şehir'' programında sinemada edebiyat uyarlamalarını hazırlayıp sunmuştur.

2004 yılından beri sürdürdüğü Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi'nin Genel Yayın Yönetmenliği görevini Ocak 2021'de yapılan tartışmalı rektör ataması sonrasında bırakmıştır.  2014 yılından beri Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Nâzım Hikmet Kültür ve Sanat Araştırma Merkezi müdürlüğü  görevini sürdürmektedir

Kitapları
 Oysa Herkes Kendisiyle Meşgul, 1999, CAN Yayınları, öyküler.
 Bu Kitabı Çalın, 2000, CAN Yayınları, öyküler. (2001 Sait Faik Hikâye Armağanı)
 Belki de Gerçekten İstiyorsun, 2000, altkitap.com, öyküler.
 Alemlerin Sürekliliği ve Diğer Hikâyeler, 2002, CAN Yayınları.
 Binbir Gece Mektupları, 2003, CAN Yayınları, öyküler.
 Bu Filmin Kötü Adamı Benim, 2004, CAN Yayınları, roman. (2004 Yunus Nadi Ödülü)
 Bu An'ı Daha Önce Yaşamıştım, 2004, CAN Yayınları, öyküler.
 Büyübozumu: Yaratıcı Yazarlık, 2004, CAN Yayınları, inceleme.
 Sevgilinin Geciken Ölümü, 2005, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Kâbuslar, 2006, altkitap.com, öyküler.
 İstanbul'da Bir Merhamet Haftası, 2007, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Bize Kuş Dili Öğretildi, 2008, altkitap.com, resimli-roman.
 602. Gece Kendini Fark Eden Hikâye, 2009, CAN Yayınları, inceleme.
 Karanlığın Aynasında, 2010, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Tanrı Beni Görüyor mu?, 2010, CAN Yayınları, öyküler.
 Baba, Oğul ve Kutsal Roman, 2012, CAN Yayınları, roman.(Notre Dame de Sion Edebiyat Ödülü)
 Nisyan, 2013, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Gölgeler ve Hayaller Şehrinde, 2014, CAN Yayınları, roman.(Sedat Simavi Edebiyat Ödülü)
 Yalnızlar İçin Çok Özel Bir Hizmet, 2016, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Öyle Güzel Bir Yer ki, 2017, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Ve Ateş Bizi Tüketiyor, 2019, CAN Yayınları, roman.
 Belirsiz Bir Anın Kıyısında, 2021, CAN Yayınları, öyküler.
 Ressam Vasıf'ın Gizli Aşklar Tarihi, 2023, CAN Yayınları, roman.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Hayalet Gemi
 altzine

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Yazarın Kişisel Sayfası - Edebiyat
 Yazarın Kişisel Sayfası - Bilim

20. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
21. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
Resim aranan yazarlar
Sait Faik Hikâye Armağanı sahipleri
1967 doğumlular
Yunus Nadi Ödülü sahipleri
Kabataş Erkek Lisesinde öğrenim görenler
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Murat Gülsoy


Vice Admiral Sir John Augustine Collins,  (7 January 1899 – 3 September 1989) was a Royal Australian Navy (RAN) officer who served in both World Wars, and who eventually rose to become a vice admiral and Chief of Naval Staff. Collins was one of the first graduates of the Royal Australian Naval College to attain flag rank. During the Second World War, he commanded the cruiser  in the Mediterranean campaign. He led the Australian Naval Squadron in the Pacific theatre and was wounded in the first recorded kamikaze attack, in 1944.

Early life and education
John Augustine Collins was born in Deloraine, Tasmania, to English parents in 1899. In 1913, at age 14, Collins joined the first intake to the RAN College. He became a midshipman in January 1917, in time to see war service while attached to the Royal Navy.

Second World War
In the early Second World War, Collins commanded  in the Battle of the Mediterranean. Sydney led Allied ships which sank an Italian cruiser, Bartolomeo Colleoni, in the Battle of Cape Spada, in July 1940. For this action, in 1940 he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath.

Relations between the RAN and British Royal Navy were close at the time, with frequent exchanges of officers between the two and in June 1941, Collins was transferred to Singapore, as Assistant Chief of Staff to the British Naval Commander in Chief, China Station, Vice Admiral Geoffrey Layton.

Following the outbreak of war with Japan, Collins was appointed Commodore Commanding China Force, the RN-RAN cruiser and destroyer force based in Batavia, Dutch East Indies, under the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command.

After the fall of Singapore and the Allied defeat in the Battle of the Java Sea, it became clear that the Dutch East Indies would be occupied by Japan. Collins organised the evacuation of Allied civilians and military personnel from Batavia, and was on one of the last ships to leave, before the city fell, in March 1942. As a result, he was Mentioned in Despatches, and was later made a Commander of the Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau.

Collins was then appointed Senior Naval Officer, Western Australia, based at Fremantle.

During 1943, Collins commanded  and took part in the Bougainville campaign, the Battle of Cape Gloucester, and operations off the Admiralty Islands and Hollandia (Dutch New Guinea).

In mid-1944, Collins was made commander of the Australian-US Navy Task Force 74, and commander of the Australian Naval Squadron, with  as his flagship. He became the first graduate of the RAN College to command a naval squadron in action, during the bombardment of Noemfoor, on 2 July 1944.

Collins was badly wounded in the first kamikaze attack in history, which hit Australia on 21 October 1944, in the lead up to the Battle of Leyte Gulf. He did not resume his command until July 1945. When the war ended Collins was the RAN's representative at the surrender ceremony in Tokyo Bay.

Post-war service and legacy
Collins was appointed Chief of Naval Staff in 1948, succeeding Sir Louis Keppel Hamilton, and held the position until 1955. He was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1951 New Year Honours. He later served as Australia's High Commissioner to New Zealand (1956–62).

The latest class of Australian submarine, the Collins class bears his name. The lead submarine, , was launched by his widow on 28 August 1993. Collins Road, a street in the Sydney suburb of St Ives and in the town of Narooma was also named in his honour.

References

Further reading

External links

"Vice Admiral John Augustine Collins, KBE, CB", Australian War Memorial

1899 births
1989 deaths
Military personnel from Tasmania
Australian Companions of the Order of the Bath
Australian Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Australian military personnel of World War I
Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau
Graduates of the Royal Australian Naval College
High Commissioners of Australia to New Zealand
Officers of the Legion of Merit
People educated at Parade College
Royal Australian Navy admirals
Royal Australian Navy personnel of World War II
People from Deloraine, Tasmania

John Augustine Collins


සේවකයා හා සේවා යෝජකයා  අතර  සිදුවන්නා වූ  ආරවුල්  පෞද්ගලික  ගිවිසුමක  ප්‍රතිඵලයක් මත සිදුවන   බැවින එම සම්බන්ධතාවයන්, අධිකරණමය ක්‍රියාවලියකින් බැහැර ක්ෂේත්‍රයක් ලෙස විසිවන සියවස මුල් භාගය වන විටත් සැලකීය. එහෙත්  විසිවන සියවස  අවසාන  භාගය වත්ම  කම්කරු  නීති  ක්ෂේත්‍රයේ  සිදුවූ සංවර්ධනයත්  සමඟම මේ පිළිබඳව නව මානයන්  ඉදිරිපත්  විය. මෙහිදී  මූලිකවම  අවධානය  යොමු   වූයේ සේවකයික්ගේ  වෘත්තීමය  ආරක්ෂාව   සම්බන්ධවය. සේවකයින්ගේ  අවම  වැටුප, වැඩ  කරනු ලබන  අවම පැය  ගණන,  ආරක්ෂාව  පිළිබඳ  රෙගුලාසි,  සහ විශ්‍රාමික  ප්‍රතිලාභ
යනාදිය ව්‍යවස්ථාපිතව ස්ථාපිත විය. ඊට අමතරව සේවකයා පිළිබඳ වූ අධිකරණ දැක්ම වඩාත් සානුකම්පිත  විය. සාමූහික කේවල් කිරීමේ අයිතිය තහවුරු වීම හා වෘත්තීය සමිති පිහිටුවීමේ  අයිතිය  ගොඩනැගීම මගින් සේවක අයිතීන් වඩ වඩාත් තහවුරු විය. කාර්මික ආරවුල් විසඳීමේ වඩා යුහුසුළු මාර්ගයක් ලෙස  විශේෂ  විනිශ්චය  සභාවන්  වන  කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභා ක්‍රමයක් අතිවිය. මෙය බොහෝ දුරට සාධාරණත්වය මත පදනම් වූ ද, සාම්ප්‍රදායික අධිකරණ  ක්‍රියාවලියෙන් බැහැරව ද සැකසූවකි.

කම්කරු නීතියේ අද පවතින තත්වය උදෙසා ජාත්‍යන්තර වශයෙන් ප්‍රධාන ආයතන දෙකක් දායක වී ඇත. එනම්,
 ජාත්‍යයන්තර වෘත්තීය සමිති එකමුතුව
 ජාත්‍යයන්තර කම්කරු සංවිධානය(ILO)

කම්කරු නීතියක අවශ්‍යතාවය ඇතිවීම

දහ අටවන සියවසේ දෙවන භාගයේදී ආරම්භ වූ කාර්මික විප්ලවයත් සමඟ යුරෝපයේ ආර්ථික රටාවේ පැහැදිලි වෙනසක් සිදුවිය. මෙහි ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස යකඩ හා ගල් අඟුරු පදනම් වූ ධනවාදී ආර්ථිකයක මුල් අඩිතාලම එංගලන්තය තුලින් ඉස්මතු විය. ශීඝ්‍ර තාක්ෂණික දියුණුවත් සමඟම පැවති කුඩා කර්මාන්ත වෙනුවට මහා පරිමාණ නිෂ්පාදන කර්මාන්ත බිහිවිය. පූර්ව කාර්මික සමාජයේ මෙන් නොව මෙම නව ආර්ථික රටාව තුළදී විශාල ප්‍රාග්ධනයක් හා විශාල සේවක පිරිසක් එක් ස්ථානයක සේවය සඳහා යෙදවීම අත්‍යවශ්‍ය විය. එබැවින් ප්‍රාග්ධනය හා ශ්‍රමය එකිනෙකට වෙනස් අත්‍යවශ්‍ය  සම්පත් දෙකක් බවට පත් විය.
ඉහත සම්පත් කාණ්ඩ දෙක භාණ්ඩ හා සේවා නිෂ්පාදනයේදී, ධනවාදී කාර්මීකරණය යටතේ නැතිවම බැරි අංග දෙකක් විය. එකිනෙකට වෙනස් අභිලාශයන්ගෙන් යුක්ත වූ මෙම කාණ්ඩ දෙක නිරන්තරයෙන් එකිනෙක හා ගැටිණි. එහි ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස සමාජය ප්‍රධාන පන්ති දෙකකට, එනම් ධනවාදීන්(capitalists) හා කම්කරුවන්(labourers) වශයෙන් කොටස්  වු අතර ඔවුනගේ එකිනෙකට වෙනස් අභිලාශයන් නිරන්තරයෙන් ගැටෙනසුළු විය. නූතන කර්මාන්තශාලා ක්‍රමය බිහිවීමත් සමඟම ඉඩම් රහිත කම්කරු පංතියක් බිහි වූ අතර ධනපතීන්ගේ මුඛ්‍ය පරමාර්ථය වූයේ කම්කරුවන්ගේ ශ්‍රමය සූරාකමින් උපරිම ලාභ ලැබීමය. කම්කරුවා සැමවිටම තම ශ්‍රමය අලෙවි කිරීමට සූදානම් වූ අතර ධනපතීන් කම්කරුවාගේ ශ්‍රමය සූරාකමින් උපරිම ලාභ ලැබීය.රාජ්‍ය නිර්බාධිත ප්‍රතිපත්තියෙන් පන්නරය ලැබූ ධනපතියෝ තම ධනය යොදවමින් අධික ලාභ ලැපීම සඳහා මෙම කර්මාන්තශාලා පවත්වාලගන ගියහ. මෙය යුරෝපයට සීමා නොවී ජාත්‍යන්තරයටද පැතිර ගියේය. ඉහත තත්වයට ප්‍රතිඵලයක් වශ‍යෙන් ඉතා ප්‍රාථමික මට්ටමෙන් සංවිධානය වූ කම්කරු සංවිධාන, වර්ධනය වන්නාවූ පීඩාකාරී තත්වයට එඓහිව අරගල කරන ලදි. එයට එරෙහි වීමක් ලෙස බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය පාර්ලිමේන්තුව 1799දී combination act නම් වූ පනත මගින් කම්කරුවන් එලෙස සංවිධානගතවීම සපුරා තහනම් කරන ලදි. මොනයම් ආකාරයේ නීති පැන වූවත් වෘත්තීය සංවිධානයන්හි අරගල වල අඩුවීමක් දක්නට නොලැබුනු අතර නොනවත්වා සිදුකරන අරගලයන්හී ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස නීතිය මගින් හා අධිකරණයන්හි කම්කරුවන් පිළිබඳ වූ ආකල්පයන්වල සුහදායීබවක් දක්නට ලැබුනු අතර එහි ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස ඉහත පනත අවලංගු කරන ලදි. ඉන් අනතුරුව වෘත්තීය සංගම්වල නිරන්තර උත්සාහයන් මත කම්කරුවන්ට හිතකර  තත්වතන් නීර්මාණය වූ අතර  පසුව එම තත්වයන්  නීතීන් බවට පරිවර්තනය වීමක්ද සීදුවිය.

ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුල කාර්මික සබඳතාවන්හී වර්ධනය

1900 පෙර එනම් 1827 පමණ වන විට තේ, පොල්, රබර් යන වගාවන් සඳහා ශ්‍රමය භාවිතා කෙරුනේ තුණ්ඩු ක්‍රමය මත මෙරටට පැමිණි ඉන්දියානු කම්කරුවන් මගිනි.
1841 අංක 5 දරණ කුලී හා සේවා ගිවිසුම් ආඥා පනත  ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුල වූ කම්කරුවන් සඳහා ක්‍රියාත්මක වූ ප්‍රථම ව්‍යවස්ථාපිථ විධිවිධාන අතුලත් පනතයි.

පිළිවලින් 1861 අංක 20 දරණ යටත් විඡිතයකින් කම්කරුවන් ගෙන ඒම සඳහා වූ ආඥා පනත, 1865 දී සේවා ගිවිසුම් ආඥා පනත, 1889 දී  කාර්මික(ඉන්දියානු) ආඥා පනත යන පනත් පනවන ලදි.

1923 දී ඉන්දියානු සංක්‍රමණික(කම්කරු) ආඥා පනත මගින් කම්කරුවන් කෙරේ යම් පාලනයක් ඇතිකරන ලදි. මෙමගින් තුණඩු ක්‍රමය අවලංගු කරන ලදි.

කාර්මික ආරවුල් විසඳීම සඳහා වූ පනතක් ප්‍රථම වරට 1931දී  කාර්මික ආරවුල්(සමථ කිරීමේ) ආඥා පනත ලෙස පනවනු ලැබීය. මෙය  ආකාර දෙකකින් සිදු වී ඇත.
01) වැඩ කරන පැය ගණන, නිවාඩු, කම්කරුවන්ගේ ආරක්ෂාව පිළිබඳ විධිවිධාන, වැටුප්,විශ්‍රාම, පාරිතෝෂික, සෞඛ්‍යය ආදී  නොයෙකුත්සේවා කොන්දේසි පිළිබඳ අවම ප්‍රමිතීන් ඇතිකිරීම.

02) ඕනෑම පාර්ශවයකට නිසි දැනුම්දීමකින් පසු සේවා ගිවිසුම අවසන් කරීමට තිබූ නිදහස ව්‍යවස්ථාපිත නීති මගින් මීමා  කිරීම

ඉහත අරමුණු මුදුන් පමුනුවා ගැනීමට හා කාර්මික සබඳතාවයන් පාලනයට තවදුරටත් විවිධ ව්‍යවස්ථාපිථ නීති පනවා ඇත.

කාර්මික සබඳතා පාලනය
1950 අංක 43 දරණ කාර්මික ආරවුල් පනත
1955 අංක 14 දරණ වෘත්තීය සමිති ආඥා පනත
1971 අංක 45 දරණ සේවය අවසන් කිරීමේ(විශේෂ විධි විධාන) පනත

සමාජ ආරක්ෂාව

1958 අංක 15 දරණ සේවක අර්ථසාධක අරමුදල් පනත
1980 අංක 46 දරණ සේවක භාරකාර අරමුදල් පනත
1983 අංක 12 දරණ පාරිතෝෂික දීමනා පනත

කම්කරුවන්ගේ ආරක්ෂාව
1942 අංක 5 දරණ කර්මාන්තශාලා ආඥා පනත

සේවා කොන්දේසි හා වැටුප් සම්බන්ධව
1954 අංක 19 දරණ සාප්පු හා කාර්යාල සේවක පනත

කාන්තාවන් ළමුන් හා බාලවයස්කරුවන් වැඩෙහි යෙදවීම සම්බන්ධව

1956 අංක 47 දරණ සත්‍රීන්,තරුණයන් හා ළමුන් වැඩෙහි යෙදවීමේ පනත

1939 අංක 32 දරණ ප්‍රසූතිකාධාර ආඥා පනත

ශ්‍රමිකයින් පුහුණු කිරීම සම්බන්ධව
1971 අංක 49 දරණ ජාතික ආධුනිකත්ව මණඩල පනත
1978 අංක 8 දරණ පෞද්ගලික අංශයේ පුහුණු වන්නන් සේව‍යේ යෙදවීමේ පනත

කම්කරු සබඳතා පාලනය

1950 අංක 43 දරණ කාර්මික ආරවුල් පනත

1950 දී කාර්මික ආරවුල් නැතිකිරීම, විමර්ශනය කිරීම, ස‍හ විසඳීම සඳහා විධිවිධාන පනවනු ලබන පනතක් ලෙස එළි දැක්වුණි. කම්කරුවන් කෙරෙහි බලපානු ලබන දැනය ක්‍රියාත්මක වන වැදගත්ම පනතයි. කාර්මික ආරවුල් පනතට ගෙන එනු ලැබූ 1957 අංක 62 දරණ සංශෝධන පනත මගින් කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභා ක්‍රමය හඳුන්වාදෙන ලදි.ඊට පෙර කාර්මික ආරවුල් බේරුම්කරණය හා සමථකරණය කාර්මික අධිකරණ මගින් සිදුවිය.
කම්කරුවකුගේ/සේවකයකුගේ සේවය අත්හිටවූ අවස්ථාවකදී කම්කරු අමාත්‍යවරයා විසින් එය බේරුම්කරුවකු හෝ කාර්මික අධිකරණයක් වෙත යොමු නොකර ඇත්නම් අදාළ සහනයන් ලබා ගැනීමට දිස්ත්‍රික් අධිකරණයේ නඩු පැවරීමට සිදු විය. දිස්ත්‍රික් අධිකරණය සැම විටම දෙපාර්ශවය විසින් එළැඹි සේවා ගිවිසුම මත අදාළ අයිතීන් නිශ්චය කරනු ලැබීම නිසා කම්කරු පාර්ශවයට හිමි අයිතීන් බොහෝ විට අහිමි විය. එමෙන්ම දිස්ත්‍රික් අධිකරණයට සේවකයින් නැවත සේවයේ(re-instatement)පිහිටුවීමට බලයක් නොතිබිණි. කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභා ක්‍රමය ඇති කිරීමත් සමඟම අනීතික ලෙස සේවය අවසන් කිරීම සම්බන්ධව ඉක්මන් සහන ලබා ගත හැකිවිය.

පනත යටතේ කම්කරුවකු යන්නට සේවා යෝජකයකු සමඟ ගිවිසුමකට බැඳුනු යම් කාර්යක යෙදී සිටින අයකු අදහස් කෙරේ.(48 වගන්තිය) ගිවිසුම වාචික හෝ ප්‍රකාශිත එකක් විය හැක. එසේ නැතිනම් වෘත්තියක් ඉගෙනීම පිළිබඳ ගිවිසුමක් හෝ යම් වැඩක් පුද්ගලිකව කර දීම සම්බන්ධව ගිවිසුමක් විය හැක.

පනතේ 31( b)1වගන්තිය යටතේ කම්කරුවාට හෝ ඔහු සාමාජිකත්වය දරනු ලබන වෘත්තීය සමිතියට, කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභාව වෙත ඉදිරිපත් කරනු ලබන අයදුම්පතක් මාර්ගයෙන් පහත ගැටළු සඳහා සහනයන්ඉල්ලිය හැක.

 සේවා යෝජකයා විසින් සේවය අවසන් කිරීම සේවකයා වෙත ලැබිය යුතු පාරිතෝෂික හෝ අදාළ අනෙකුත් ප්‍රතිලාභ සේවය අවසන් කිරීම නිසා නොලැබී යාම පාරිතෝෂික දීමනා ගෙවීමේ පනත යටතේ පාරිතෝෂික අහිමිකරණය පිළිබඳ ගැටළු වෘත්තීය ගිවිසුමට අදාළ අනෙකුත් කොන්දේසි පිළිබඳ ඇතිවන ගැටළු

සේවකයා හා සේවා යෝජක‍යා අතර ඇතිවූ සේවා ගිවිසුමේ සඳහන් සේවා කොන්දේසි නොසළකා සාධාරණ හා යුක්තිසයගත සහනයන් ලබාදීමට පනතේ 31(b)4 හා 31(c) යන  වගන්ති මගින් කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභාවට බලය ලබා දී ඇත. කාර්මික ආරවුල් පනතට මෑතකදී සිදුකරන ලද 2003 අංක 11 දරණ සංශෝධන පනත මගින් සේවකයකු විසින් කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභාවට අයැදුම්පතක් ඉදිරිපත් කළ යුතු කාලය අදාළ සිදුවීම සිදුවූ දිනයේ සිට මාස තුනක් ඇතුලත ලෙස නියම කර ඇත.

කම්කරු විනිශ්චය සභාවක තීරණයක් සම්බන්ධයෙන් කිසිඳු අධිකරණයක ප්‍රශ්න කළ නොහැකි නමුත් යම් තීරණයකින් අතෘප්තියට පත් පාර්ශවයක් වේ නම් තීන්දුවේ නීතිය පිළිබඳ ගැටළුවක් සම්බන්ධව පළාත් බද මහාධිකරණයට අභියාචනා කළ හැක.(පනතේ 31(d)2 වගන්තිය හා 2003 අංක 13 දරණ කම්කරු ආරවුල්(විශේෂ විධි විධි විධාන)පනත.

ඊට අමතරව පනතේ දෙවන වගන්තියට අනූව දැන්වීමක් කළ විටකදී හෝ කම්කරු ආරවුලක් පවත්නා බවට හෝ ඒ පිළිබඳ සෑහීමකට පත් විය හැකි තොරතුරු ලද අවස්ථාවකදී ඒ සඳහා හේතු වූ කරුණු පිළිබඳ සුදුසු අන්දමට විභාග කිරීමට කොමසාරිස්වරයාට බලය ඇත.

අවසානය

සේවකයා හා සේවා යෝජකයා අතර සම්බන්ධතාවයන් විධිමත් කිරීම හා ඊට ආනුෂාංගික විධිවිධාන පැනවීම කම්කරු නීතියේ ප්‍රධාන අරමුණ වේ. කම්කරු නීතිය පිළිබඳ හා ශ්‍රී ලංකාව සම්බන්ධයෙන් එම නීතියේ තත්වය සැකෙවින් විමර්ශනය කිරිම මෙ‍ම ලිපියෙන් බලාපොරොත්තු විය.

මූලාශ්‍ර

වීරමන්ර්‍ත්‍රී, සී.ජී.An Invitation To The Law.
කම්කරු නීතිය සම්බන්ධව මෙතෙක් පැනවූ අණ පනත්

සබැඳි පිටු

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කම්කරු නීතිය
ලංකාවේ ළමා ශ්‍රමිකයන්
නීතිය

අඩවියෙන් බැහැර පිටු
Department of Labour

නීතිය

කම්කරු නීති විමසුම


معهد الدراسات العليا التجارية بسوسة هو إحدى المؤسسات العليا التابعة لجامعة سوسة، أنشئ في سبتمبر 2002 تختص في تدريس علوم التصرف والتجارة.

أرقام
طبقا لأرقام السنة الدراسية 2007-2008 يدرس بها 1733 طالبا من بينهم 1032 طالبة.

شهاداتها
طبقا للنظام القديم فإن معهد الدراسات العليا التجارية بسوسة يسند أربع إجازات هي:
 مالية
 علوم محاسبة
 المقاولة والتصرف في المشاريع
 الدراسات التجارية العليا

وفي إطار نظام الإجازة الماجستير الدكتوراه (إمد) فإن المعهد يسند الشهادات التالية:
 الإجازة الساسية في التصرف
 الإجازة التطبيقية في تصرف المحاسبة
 الإجازة التطبيقية في تقنيات التسويق
 الإجازة التطبيقية في التصرف في الجودة
 ماستير البحث في العلوم المالية
 الماستير المهني في الإدارة التكنولوجية
 الماستير المهني في الهندسة المالية

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 معهد الدراسات العليا التجارية بسوسة.

التعليم في تونس
تعليم عال
جامعة سوسة
معاهد علمية

معهد الدراسات العليا التجارية بسوسة


Emek Sineması, İstanbul'un Beyoğlu semtindeki Yeşilçam Sokağı'nda  1924 yılına hizmete girmiş sinema salonu.

Cumhuriyet döneminde İstanbul'da açılmış en eski sinema salonudur.  Sinema 2009 yılında kapanmış, binası ise "Cercle d'Orient" (Serkldoryan) adlı tarihi yapının arka cephesinde bulunan diğer bazı binalarla birlikte 20 Mayıs 2013'te  tamamen yıkılmıştır.

Yıkımı büyük tepki çeken Emek Sineması'nın kültür varlığı olarak tescillenen Barok üslubundaki tavan bezemeleri ve duvar süslemeleri  tartışmalı bir restorasyon süreci sonunda renove edilmiştir. Sinema, Grand Pera adlı alışveriş merkezine dönüştürülen "Cercle d'Orient" binasının beşinci katına taşınaarak ,  "Emek Sahnesi" adıyla 2016 yılında yeniden hizmete girmiştir.

Tarihi
Emek Sineması'nın Beyoğlu Yeşilçam Sokak'ta bulunduğu bina, sinema olmadan önce başka amaçlarla kullanılmıştı. 1884'te mimar Alexandre Vallaury tarafından inşa edilen ve ilk kez "Club des Chasseurs de Constantinople" (İstanbul Avcılar Kulübü) olarak açılan bina daha sonra Strangali'nin Rum Atletik Jimnastikhanesi, ardından 1910'da "Nouveau Cirque" (Yeni Sirk), sonra da "Skating Palace" (Tekerlekli Paten Pisti) adlı eğlence merkezine ev sahipliği yapmıştı.

1918 yılında ise mevcut bina yıkılarak yerine "Yeni Tiyatro" inşa edildi ve 1924 yılının sonuna burada "Melek Sineması" adıyla film gösterimlerine başlandı. Sinema, adını perdenin iki yanında yer alan Art Nouveau tarzı melek heykellerinden almıştı. Tarihi kimliği, Barok ve Rokoko bezeli yaldızlı tavan ve duvarları, 875 kişilik salonu ve tarihi geçmişi ile diğer sinema salonlarından farklılık göstermekteydi. Daha sonra geçersiz sayılacak olan Türkiye'deki ilk güzellik yarışması, 1926 yılında burada düzenledi ve yarışmayı sinemanın yer göstericisi Araksi Çetinyan kazandı.

Sinemanın ilk sahipleri, o dönem İpek ve Sümer Sinemaları'''nın da sahipleri olan, A. Saltiel ile H. Artidi'ydi. Varlık vergisi yıllarında (1940'lar) yaşanan iflasın ardından işletmeciliği devralan İpekçi Kardeşler, bina ve külliyesini bir süre sonra belediyeye sattı. Bina 1957'de Emekli Sandığı'na ihale edildi. Emek Film'in de sahibi olan Emekli Sandığı, yenilediği sinemanın adını "Emek Sineması" olarak değiştirdi. 1969 yılında mülkiyeti Turgut Demirağ'a geçen sinemanın işletmesini 1975 yılından sonra İsmet Kurtuluş ve Süheyla Kurtuluş'' yaptı.

1993 yılında ciddi bir restorasyondan geçen sinema, son olarak 2000 yılında koltukları ve ses düzeni (Dolby Digital) yenilenerek, yeni açılan modern sinemalarla yarışacak bir teknolojiye kavuştu.

Grand Pera dönemi
Sinema binası, Kamer İnşaat'ın Grand Pera projesi kapsamında 20 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde restorasyon amacı ile yıkıldı. Bu düzenlemeler ve Grand Pera pek çok eleştiriye tabi tutuldu, haklarında hukuki süreç başlatıldı ve protestolar düzenlendi. Restorasyonu gerçekleştiren kişiler, Emek Sineması'na 1950'lerde eklenmiş çeşitli modifikasyonların binadan uzaklaştırıldığını ve yeni yapının 1924'deki aslına döndürüldüğünü açıklamıştır.  Yeniden inşa edilen bina, 2016 Mayıs ayında hizmete açıldı. Sinema, süslemeleri ile birlikte Grand Pera'nın 5. katına taşınmış ve eskiden bulunduğu yere mağazalar inşa edilmiştir.

Binada yer alan ve Emek Sahnesi adıyla anılan sinema çeşitli kuruluşlar tarafından "Çakma Emek" olarak adlandırıldı.

Film gösterimleri
1950'lerde Büyük Caruzo (The Great Caruso), Denizciler Geliyor (On the Town) ve Yağmur Altında (Singin' in the Rain) gibi popüler Hollywood müzikalleri gösterilen sinema 1952-1953 sezonunda Rüzgâr Gibi Geçti (Gone with the Wind) ile dönemin gişe rekorunu kırdı. 1958'de yeni adıyla açılan Emek Sineması'nda gösterilen ilk film, başrollerini Gina Lollobrigida ve Vittorio Gassman'ın oynadıkları Dünyanın En Güzel Kadını (La donna più bella del mondo) olmuştur. Bu filmle birlikte İtalyan ve Fransız filmlerine ağırlık verilmeye başlandı; Bisiklet Hırsızları (Ladri di biciclette), Beyaz Geceler (Le Notti Bianche) ve Gece (La Notte) gibi filmler gösterilmeye başlandı. Hemen 1959'dan itibaren yeniden Hollywood yapımları ağırlık kazandı; Bazıları Sıcak Sever (Some Like It Hot), Gurur ve İhtiras (The Pride and the Passion), Krallar Önde Gider (Kings Go Forth), Brahms'ı Sever misiniz? (Goodbye Again), 1962-1963 sezonunda Batı Yakasının Hikâyesi, Harika Hırsız (Gambit), İrlandalı Kız (Ryan's Daughter), 2001: Bir Uzay Destanı (2001: A Space Odyssey), Walker, Pink Floyd Duvar (Pink Floyd The Wall) Günaha Son Çağrı (The Last Temptation of Christ) ve Kocalar ve Karılar (Husbands and Wives) gibi filmler gösterildi. 1987-1988 sezonunda Hakkâri'de Bir Mevsim, Selamsız Bandosu gibi Türk filmleri de yerini aldı. David Lean'in 1971 tarihli "İrlandalı Kız" (Ryan's Daughter) filmi Şubat 1973 tarihinden başlayarak tam 6 ay vizyonda kalarak bir rekor kırmıştı. Bu rekorda bir filmin Türkiye'de ilk kez 70 mm formatta ve 6 kanallı ses sistemiyle gösterilmiş olmasının da payı vardır.

Yirmi yılı aşkın süredir İstanbul Film Festivali'ne ve 2002 yılında İstanbul Kültür Sanat Vakfı tarafından düzenlenmeye başlanan Filmekimi etkinliğine de ev sahipliği yapmış olan sinema salonu, 2009-2010 sezonunda kapalı kalmıştır.

28. İstanbul Film Festivali'nde, "Vurun Kahpeye" filminin yeniden galası yapılmıştır. Yönetmeni Lütfi Akad gelemese de, başrol oyuncusu Sezer Sezin eşliğinde, film kalabalık seyirci kitlesiyle izlenilmişti.

Kaynakça

İstanbul'daki sinemalar
İstiklal Caddesi
1924'te tamamlanan eğlence tesisleri
1924'te Türkiye'de kurulan oluşumlar

Emek Sineması


Sitozin (C) (2-oksi-4-aminopirimidin ya da 4-amino-2(1H)-pirimidinon) guanin, adenin ve timin (RNA'da urasil) ile beraber DNA ve RNA'daki temel azotlu bazlardan biri olan moleküldür. Kimyasal formülü C4H5N3O'dur. Bir heterosiklik aromatik halka ve iki substituentten (4. pozisyona bağlanmış bir amin ve 2. pozisyona bağlanmış keton) oluşan bir pirimidin türevidir. Sitozin'in nükleosidi sitidin'dir ve Watson-Crick baz eşleşmesine göre guanin ile 3 hidrojen bağı ile bağlanmış baz çifti kurar.

Tarih
Sitozin Albrecht Kossel tarafından 1894 yılında, buzağının timüs dokusundan hidrolize edilerek keşfedilmiştir. 1903 yılında yapısı bulunmuş ve aynı yıl içinde laboratuvarda sentezlenmiştir.
Sitozin son zamanlarda kuantum ölçümlerinde kullanım bulmuştur. Molekülün kuantum mekanik özelliklerinden yararlanılarak ilk kez bilginin kullanılması, 1 Ağustos 1998'de, Oxford Üniversitesinden araştırmacılar, David Deutsch'ın algoritmasını, 2 qubit'lik NMRQC (Nükleer Manyetik Rezonans Kuantum Bilgisayarı)'nda sitozin molekülüne dayanarak uyguladığında başarılmıştır.

Kimyasal reaksiyonları
Sitozin DNA, RNA ya da bir nükleotidin parçası olarak bulunabilir. Sitidin Trifosfat (CTP) olarak bazı enzimlerin kofaktörü olabilir ve Adenozin Difosfat (ADP) molekülüne bir fosfat aktararak Adenozin Trifosfat (ATP)'ye dönüşmesini sağlayabilir.

DNA ve RNA'da, Guanin ile baz çifti oluşturmuş şekilde bulunur ancak özünde kararsızdır ve deaminasyon yoluyla urasile dönüşebilir. Bu durum, urasil glikosilaz gibi DNA'daki Urasili ayıran DNA onarım molekülleri tarafından tamir edilmediği durumlarda, nokta mutasyonlarına yol açar. Ayrıca DNA metiltransferaz enzimi yardımıyla sitozine metil bağlanarak 5-metilsitozin oluşturulabilir

Kaynakça

Pirimidinler
Nükleobazlar

Sitozin


În botanică și horticultură, partenocarpia este un fenomen natural sau artificial prin care are loc dezvoltarea fructului din ovar în lipsa fenomenului de fertilizare, ceea ce duce la formarea unor fructe fără semințe. Fenomenul este cunoscut din perioade antice, dar a fost descris științific pentru prima dată de botanistul german Fritz Noll în anul 1902.

Stenospermocarpia este un proces similar, dar care produce fructe cu semințe foarte mici, care par să fie lipsite de semințe. În acest caz, polenizarea și fecundația normală au loc, dar embrionul sau embrionii formați sunt abortați.

Note

Legături externe

Reproducerea plantelor

Partenocarpie


Intetics Inc. est une entreprise de services informatiques dont le siège social se situe à Naples, en Floride.

Intetics possède 10 bureaux dans 6 pays: la Biélorussie (Minsk), l'Ukraine (Kharkiv, Kiev, Odessa et Vinnytsia) et la Pologne (Cracovie), des succursales aux États-Unis (Raleigh), en Allemagne (Düsseldorf), et un bureau de représentation au Royaume-Uni (Londres).

Histoire
Intetics a été fondée par Boris Kontsevoi en 1995 sous le nom de «Client-Server Programs». En 2003, la société a commencé à opérer son activité sous la marque Intetics. Le nom Intetics est l'amalgame des mots Internet, technologie et éthique.

En 2019, l'entreprise est devenue un partenaire Gold de l'IT Arena 2019.

En 2020, Intetics a fait partie des développeurs de l'application mobile DIIA.

En 2021, la société a lancé un nouveau site web avec des fonctionnalités actualisées. Le nouveau site web d'Intetics a reçu 3 nominations : celle du Meilleur site web de fournisseur de services d'application, celle du Meilleur site web de logiciel, et celle Meilleur site web d'entreprise internationale de la part de la Web Marketing Association.

Activité
Intetics fournit des services de développement d'applications et de logiciels sur mesure, de formation d'équipes professionnelles, d'évaluation qualité de produits logiciels et des solutions «tout numérique» construites avec les technologies SMAC, RPA, AI/ML, IoT, blockchain et GIS/UAV/LBS. En s'appuyant sur les business model Offshore Dedicated Team® et Remote In-Sourcing®, ainsi que sur une plateforme de réduction de la dette technique (TETRA™) et des accords de services mesurables pour l'ingénierie logicielle, Intetics aide les organisations à capitaliser sur des talents mondiaux experts en ingénierie et sur le cadre du Predictive Software Engineering. Les secteurs d'activité de l'entreprise comprennent l'éducation, les services de santé, la logistique, le secteur des sciences de la vie, la finance, les assurances, les communications et les solutions ERP, CRM, Intelligent Automation et géospatiales personnalisées. Les clients d'Intetics sont des startups, des firmes, des sociétés, et des entreprises qui figurent parmi le classement Fortune 500.

Entre 2006 et 2010, la société a obtenu les certifications de qualité et de sécurité ISO 9001 et ISO 27001. Intetics est partenaire de Microsoft Gold, Amazon et UiPath.

Direction
Le fondateur et PDG de l'entreprise est Boris Kontsevoi. Il est également devenu le premier membre du conseil technologique de Forbes en Europe de l'Est en 2017.

Notations

 IAOP's Global Outsourcing 100 (2006-2008, 2010–2017, 2019–2020)

 Software Magazine's Software 500 Company (2010-2018)

 Inc 5000 Fastest-Growing Companies (2014)

 CV Magazine's Software & Technology Innovation Award 2016

 ACQ5 Global Awards (2017, 2019)

 Classement Clutch des 100 meilleures entreprises b2b de l'industrie informatique (2020)

 GSA UK Shortlist (5 catégories) (2021)

 Le PDG d'Intetics figure dans le «Top 100 Tech Innovators and Influencers» du Intercon 2020-2021 Awards Program

 Listé parmi les meilleures sociétés de développement Android (2021)

 Best Application Service Provider Website, Best Software Website, Best International Business Website de la Web Marketing Association (2021)

 Société de développement informatique la mieux valorisée en Ukraine (2021)

Références

Entreprise fondée en 1995
Entreprise de l'externalisation
Éditeur de logiciel ayant son siège aux États-Unis

Intetics


As competições de tiro esportivo nos Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023 em Santiago, no Chile, foram realizadas de 21 a 27 de outubro de 2023 no Polígono de Tiro, em Pudahuel. Ao todo, houve 15 provas por medalhas: seis no masculino e feminino e três provas de duplas mistas.

O principal atirador, não qualificado previamente, nas provas individuais da carabina e da pistola, juntamente aos dois melhores atiradores também não qualificados nos eventos individuais da espingarda, conquistam vaga nos Jogos Olímpicos de 2024, em Paris.

Qualificação

Um total de 244 atiradores esportivos poderiam se qualificar para competir. Cada CON poderia inscrever no máximo 24 atletas (dois por cada prova individual), sendo 12 (seis por gênero) inscritos em cada disciplina (carabina, pistola e espingarda). Haouve três eventos qualificatórios diferentes. Não foram distribuídas vagas para as provas de duplas mistas, visto que os CONs devem usar competidores já classificados para competir. Como país-anfitrião, o Chile recebeu uma cota de seis atletas (dois para cada disciplina, podendo classificar mais) e houve distribuição de dois convites para CONs não qualificadas.

Nações participantes
Ao todo, 20 CONs qualificaram pelo menos um atleta em pelo menos uma das categorias por gênero. Entre parênteses encontra-se representada a quantidade de atletas.

Medalhistas
Masculino

Feminino

Misto

Quadro de medalhas

Ver também
Tiro nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2024

Eventos dos Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023
Tiro nos Jogos Pan-Americanos
2023 no tiro esportivo

Tiro esportivo nos Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023


Die Pfarrkirche St. Vincentius ist eine römisch-katholische Kirche in der Stadt Dinslaken (Kreis Wesel, Nordrhein-Westfalen). Sie trägt das Patrozinium des heiligen Vinzenz von Valencia und steht unter Denkmalschutz.

Geschichte und Architektur

In Dinslaken bestand ursprünglich nur eine Kapelle, die 1390 erstmals erwähnt wurde. 1436 bestätigte der Herzog von Kleve die Abpfarrung Dinslakens von der Mutterkirche in Hiesfeld. 1437 erfolgte erstmals die Erwähnung eines Pfarrers in Dinslaken. In der Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts schließlich erfolgte der Bau einer eigenen Pfarrkirche. Diese war eine spätgotische dreischiffige Hallenkirche mit 5/8-Chorschluss. Der mächtige Turm wurde seit 1492 bzw. 1512 von zwei Kapellen flankiert und bekam 1924 eine neue Haube in barocken Formen. Dieses Gotteshaus wurde 1945 teilweise zerstört, die erhaltene Bausubstanz wurde in einen erweiterten Wiederaufbau in zeitgenössischen Formen einbezogen.

Die neue, mit ihrem parabelförmigen Chorbogen nach Westen ausgerichtete, flachgedeckte, von einem querliegenden Satteldach überfangene Backsteinhalle wurde 1950–1951 nach Plänen des renommierten Kölner Kirchenarchitekten Otto Bongartz erbaut. Dabei wurden die beiden in Mauerwerk aus Feldbrandziegeln ausgeführten östlichen Joche und der in fünf Seiten eines Achtecks gebrochene Ostchor der Vorgängerkirche einbezogen. Im gotischen Teil wurde beim Neubau der Fußboden erhöht, das Polygon wurde zur Taufkapelle eingerichtet.

Ausstattung

Hochaltar
Auf dem Hochaltar im neuen Westchor steht ein Schnitz-Retabel aus der Zeit nach 1470 mit bemalten Flügel, das in einer Brüsseler Werkstatt angefertigt wurde. Im Schrein und auf den Innenseiten der Flügel sind Passionsdarstellungen zu sehen. Auf den Flügelaußenseiten sind die vier Evangelisten dargestellt. Der Stipes und die Predella mit Figurenschmuck wurden 1853 von Christoph Stephan gebaut. Der Schrein wurde von 1852 bis 1854 neu polychromiert, die Malereien wurden 1883 restauriert. Von 1950 bis 1952 wurde das neugotische Gesprenge beseitigt.

Triumphkreuz

Die Entstehung des Triumphkreuzes mit einem großen Kruzifixus wird unterschiedlich datiert. Früher hielt man es für eine rheinische Arbeit des beginnenden sogenannten Schönen Stils aus der Zeit um 1400, in dem der Typus der Kölner Gabelkreuze nachempfunden wurde, jüngere Publikationen ordnen es dagegen eher maasländischen Kreuzen der Diözese Lüttich aus der Zeit um 1310/1340 zu. Nach Beschädigung im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde das Kreuz mehrfach (1950, 2010) restauriert, dabei wurden am Korpus Reste einer älteren Farbfassung freigelegt.

Orgel
Die Orgel wurde 1999 durch die Orgelbauwerkstatt Romanus Seifert in Kevelaer nach einem Konzept des Organisten Wolfgang Seifen erbaut. Das "französisch-romantisch" disponierte Instrument hat 33 Register auf zwei Manualen und Pedal. Das zweite Manualwerk (Récit) ist schwellbar. Die Spieltrakturen sind mechanisch, die Registertrakturen sind elektrisch. Ausgestattet ist die Orgel mit einer 800-fachen elektronischen Setzeranlage.

 Koppeln: I/I (Suboktavkoppel), II/I (Normal-, Sub-, Superoktavkoppel), II/II (Sub- und Superoktavkoppel), I/P, II/P (Normal- und Superoktavkoppel)

Drei Kreuze

Seit 1985 standen unter einem Notdach am Kirchturm die so genannten Drei Kreuze. Es sind drei stark verwitterte, spätgotische Skulpturen aus Baumberger Sandstein. Sie stammen wohl, wie auch die Gruppe im westfälischen Metelen, aus einer Weseler Werkstatt. Am ehemaligen Standort an der Walsumer Straße stehen heute Kopien. Ursprünglich war dies der Abschluss eines 1501 gestifteten Bittweges in Wesel. Die Skulpturen wurden 1588 abgebrochen und laut Inschriften 1652 in Dinslaken aufgestellt. Der Christuskopf wurde zu Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts erneuert. Umfangreiche Restaurierungen wurden von 1966 bis 1967 und von 1984 bis 1985 vorgenommen und am Kirchturm unter einem Schutzdach wieder aufgestellt, aber im Zuge der Turmsanierung abgebaut und eingelagert.

Sonstige Ausstattung
 Neugotische geschnitzte Seitenaltäre: Marienaltar 1891/1892 von Ferdinand Langenberg, Josefsaltar um 1853 von Christoph Stephan (Köln, um 1853)
 Der mit Maßwerk belegte, kelchförmige Taufstein aus dem 15. Jahrhundert ist aus Sandstein. Nach einer Kriegsbeschädigung wurde er stark überarbeitet.
 Der farbig gefasste Osterleuchter aus Holz wurde 1682 in Form einer gewundenen Säule angefertigt.
 Zwei geschnitzte Engel als Wappenhalter Christi stammen vom Ende des 15. Jahrhunderts. Die Farbfassung ist zerstört, die Flügel wurden erneuert.
 Hl. Vinzenz mit einem Kirchenmodell aus Eichenholz, erste Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts

Glocken
Im Turm befinden sich aktuell sechs Glocken, zwei davon (Vincentius und Maria) wurden 1785 auf dem Altmarkt in der Gusshütte der Familie Petit gegossen, die kleinste wurde vermutlich in den Niederlanden gegossen. Die größte Glocke kam 1954 nach dem Wiederaufbau des Turms hinzu, während 2007 zwei Glocken ergänzt wurden, die zuvor in der Christuskirche von Dinslaken gehangen hatten, nach der Schließung und Abriss der Kirche jedoch keine Funktion mehr hatten und daraufhin der Vincentiusgemeinde geschenkt wurden.

Literatur
 Paul Clemen: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Stadt Duisburg und der Kreise Mülheim a. d. Ruhr und Ruhrort. (= Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz, Band 2, Abt. 2.) L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1893.
 Roland Günter, Rudolf Wesenberg, Albert Verbeek (Hrsg.): Kreis Dinslaken. (= Die Denkmäler des Rheinlandes, Band 14.) Rheinland Verlag / L. Schwann Verlag, Düsseldorf 1968.
 Rudolf Stampfuß, Anneliese Triller: Geschichte der Stadt Dinslaken 1273–1973. (= Beiträge zur Geschichte und Volkskunde des Kreises Dinslaken am Niederrhein, Band 10.) Verlag Ph. C. W. Schmidt – Degner & Co., Neustadt / Aisch 1973.
 Ulrich Reinke: Spätgotische Kirchen am Niederrhein im Gebiet von Rur, Maas und Issel zwischen 1340 und 1540. Dissertation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 1975.
 Claudia Euskirchen, Olaf Gisbertz, Ulrich Schäfer (Bearb.): Dehio-Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Nordrhein-Westfalen I, Rheinland. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München / Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03093-X.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Seiten der Gemeinde, abgerufen am 4. Februar 2023
 Dinslaken, St. Vincentius, Die Disposition der Seifert-Orgel: (1999)
 youtube.com kath. Kirche St.Vincentius - Teilgeläut a' h' cis dis (Anläuten)
 youtube.com Veröffentlicht am 16. August 2014

Vinzenz-von-Valencia-Kirche
Backsteinkirche
Kirchengebäude in Dinslaken
Vinzenz Von Valencia
Erbaut in den 1950er Jahren
Geläut
Kirchengebäude im Bistum Münster
Disposition einer Orgel
Dinslaken

St. Vincentius (Dinslaken)


Greektown es una estación del Detroit People Mover (DPM) de la ciudad de Detroit, Míchigan (Estados Unidos). Es administrada por la Departamento de Transporte de Detroit. Fue inaugurada en 1987 y su nombre se debe a que se encuentra en el Distrito Histórico de Greektown.

Descripción
Está ubicada sobre la calle Beaubien y tiene pasarela elevada que la conecta directa con el tercer nivel del Hollywood Casino at Greektown (que ocupa la cuadra 500 de East Lafayette Street), donde anteriormente estaba el centro comercial cubierto Trappers Alley.

La estación tiene una plataforma lateral. Es una de las más destacadas del DPM desde el punto de vista arquitectónico. Cuenta con la obra Neon for Greektown Station del artista griego Stephen Antonakos. En sus inmediaciones se encuentran la Segunda Iglesia Bautista y el Hotel Atheneum.

Véase también

 Anexo:Estaciones del Detroit People Mover

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Greektown Station Thepeoplemover.com. 1 de agosto de 2022

Estaciones de ferrocarril de Estados Unidos inauguradas en 1987
Estaciones del Detroit People Mover

Greektown (Detroit People Mover)


Robert William Theodore Gunther ( - ) est un historien des sciences  zoologiste et fondateur du Musée d'histoire des sciences d'Oxford .

Biographie
Le père de Gunther, Albert Günther, est conservateur de zoologie au British Museum de Londres. Robert Gunther fait ses études à l'University College School, rattachée à l'University College de Londres. Vers la fin de sa scolarité, il suit des cours au University College même. Il est élu à un demyship de quatre ans au Magdalen College d'Oxford en 1887 et le reprend en 1888. Il rejoint le club scientifique de l'Université d'Oxford lors de son premier mandat à Magdalen et accepte ensuite une bourse au Collège.

En 1911, Gunther et sa famille déménagent au 5 Folly Bridge, une grande maison inhabituelle et distinctive sur une petite île de la Tamise à côté du pont. Cela fait de la rivière le centre de sa vie. Il est un pionnier de la conservation de l'environnement à Oxford.

À partir de 1923, Robert Gunther produit un ensemble de quatorze volumes de livres sur Early Science in Oxford, son magnum opus, le dernier paru en 1945. Ceux - ci sont initialement produits sous les auspices de l'Oxford Historical Society et imprimés à la Clarendon Press, Oxford. Un quinzième volume de son fils AE Gunther parait en 1967, sur Robert Gunther lui-même .

Entre 1926 et 1930, Gunther fonde le Musée d'histoire des sciences dans le bâtiment Old Ashmolean, avec quelques difficultés : il est évident que peu de ses contemporains partagent sa passion pour les instruments scientifiques historiques, et en effet la série Early Science fait des commentaires acérés sur l'échec des prédécesseurs dans divers corps à préserver de telles choses. La collection initiale du musée est basée sur la collection d'instruments scientifiques de son ami Lewis Evans, donnée en 1924.

Gunther est décédé des suites d'une courte maladie, alors qu'il séjournait chez un ami dans le village de South Stoke, dans le sud de l'Oxfordshire. Lui et sa femme, Amy, sont enterrés à Heacham, Norfolk, dans le caveau de la famille Rolfe, après avoir écrit leur histoire familiale. Il est remplacé comme conservateur du Musée de l'histoire des sciences par Frank Sherwood Taylor.

Une archive des manuscrits recueillis par Gunther est détenue par le Musée de l'histoire des sciences.

Famille
Il est le fils d'Albert Günther et de sa première épouse Roberta Mitchell née McIntosh (1842–1869), sœur de William Carmichael McIntosh.

Il épouse, en 1900, Amy Neville-Rolfe, fille d'Eustache Neville-Rolfe (1845–1908), Consul général à Naples, et d'Emily Auber Frances Thornhill (1844–1900). Ils ont deux fils : Eustace Rolfe Gunther (1902–1940) et Albert Everard Gunther (1903–1998).

Publication

Références

Liens externes

Récipiendaire de l'ordre du Trésor sacré
Directeur britannique de musée
Fondateur de musée
Historien des sciences
Zoologiste britannique
Écologiste britannique
Étudiant de l'University College de Londres
Étudiant de Magdalen College (Oxford)
Décès en mars 1940
Naissance en août 1869
Décès à 70 ans

Robert Gunther


An Isolepis bulbifera in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Johann Otto Boeckeler, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni A. Muthama Muasya. An Isolepis bulbifera in nahilalakip ha genus nga Isolepis, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Isolepis

Isolepis bulbifera


Harry Nelson Pillsbury (December 5, 1872 – June 17, 1906) was a leading American chess player. At the age of 22, he won the Hastings 1895 chess tournament, one of the strongest tournaments of the time, but his illness and early death prevented him from challenging for the World Chess Championship.

Biography

Early life
Pillsbury was born in Somerville, Massachusetts, in 1872 and moved to New York City in 1894, then to Philadelphia in 1898.

By 1890, having played chess for only two years, he beat noted expert H. N. Stone. In April 1892, Pillsbury won a match two games to one against World Champion Wilhelm Steinitz, who gave him odds of a pawn. Pillsbury's rise was meteoric, and there was soon no one to challenge him in the New York chess scene.

Hastings 1895
The Brooklyn chess club sponsored his journey to Europe to play in the Hastings 1895 chess tournament, in which all the greatest players of the time participated. The 22-year-old Pillsbury became a celebrity in the United States and abroad by winning the tournament, finishing ahead of reigning world champion Emanuel Lasker, former world champion Wilhelm Steinitz, recent challengers Mikhail Chigorin and Isidor Gunsberg, and future challengers Siegbert Tarrasch, Carl Schlechter and Dawid Janowski.

The dynamic style that Pillsbury exhibited during the tournament also helped to popularize the Queen's Gambit during the 1890s, including his famous win over Siegbert Tarrasch.

St. Petersburg 1895
His next major tournament was the Saint Petersburg 1895–96 chess tournament, a six-round round-robin tournament between four of the top five finishers at Hastings (Pillsbury, Chigorin, Lasker and Steinitz; Tarrasch did not play). Pillsbury appears to have contracted syphilis prior to the start of the event. Although he was in the lead after the first half of the tournament (Pillsbury 6½ points out of 9, Lasker 5½, Steinitz 4½, Chigorin 1½), he was affected by severe headaches and scored only 1½ out of 9 in the second half, ultimately finishing third (Lasker 11½ out of 18, Steinitz 9½, Pillsbury 8, Chigorin 7). He lost a critical fourth cycle encounter to Lasker, and Garry Kasparov has suggested that had he won, he could well have won the tournament and forced a world championship match against Lasker.

US Champion 1897
In spite of his ill health, Pillsbury beat American champion Jackson Showalter in 1897 to win the US Chess Championship, a title he held until his death in 1906.

Decline and death
Poor mental and physical health, the result of a syphilis infection, prevented him from realizing his full potential throughout the rest of his life. He succumbed to the illness in a Philadelphia hospital in 1906.

Pillsbury is buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery in Reading, Massachusetts.

Lifetime records

Pillsbury had an even record against Lasker (+5−5=4), a feat matched or surpassed by few. He even beat Lasker with the black pieces at Saint Petersburg in 1895 and at Augsburg in 1900 (this was an , however, not a tournament game):

Pillsbury also had an even score against Steinitz (+5−5=3), but a slight minus against Chigorin (+7−8=6), Tarrasch (+5−6=2) and against Joseph Henry Blackburne (+3−5=4), while he beat David Janowski (+6−4=2) and Géza Maróczy (+4−3=7) and had a significant edge over Carl Schlechter (+8−2=9).

Blindfold skill
Pillsbury was a very strong blindfold chess player, and could play checkers and chess simultaneously while playing a hand of whist, and reciting a list of long words. His maximum was 22 simultaneous blindfold games at Moscow 1902. His greatest feat, however, was 21 simultaneous games against the players in the Hannover Hauptturnier of 1902—the winner of the Hauptturnier would be recognized as a master, yet Pillsbury scored +3−7=11. As a teenager, Edward Lasker played Pillsbury in a blindfold exhibition in Breslau, against the wishes of his mother, and recalled in Chess Secrets I learned from the Masters:

But it soon became evident that I would have lost my game even if I had been in the calmest of moods.  Pillsbury gave a marvellous performance, winning 13 of the 16 blindfold games, drawing two, and losing only one.  He played strong chess and made no mistakes [presumably in recalling the positions].  The picture of Pillsbury sitting calmly in an armchair, with his back to the players, smoking one cigar after another, and replying to his opponents' moves after brief consideration in a clear, unhesitating manner, came back to my mind 30 years later, when I refereed Alekhine's world record performance at the Chicago World's Fair, where he played 32 blindfold games simultaneously. It was quite an astounding demonstration, but Alekhine made quite a number of mistakes, and his performance did not impress me half as much as Pillsbury's in Breslau.

Memorization skills
Before his simultaneous chess exhibitions, Pillsbury would entertain his audience with feats of memory that involved accurately recalling long lists of words after hearing or looking at them just once. One such list, which Pillsbury repeated forward and backward, performing the same feat the next day, was:

Antiphlogistine, periosteum, takadiastase, plasmon, ambrosia, Threlkeld, streptococcus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, plasmodium, Mississippi, Freiheit, Philadelphia, Cincinnati, athletics, no war, Etchenberg, American, Russian, philosophy, Piet Potgelter's Rost, Salamagundi, Oomisillecootsi, Bangmamvate, Schlechter's Nek, Manzinyama, theosophy, catechism, Madjesoomalops

Irving Chernev and Fred Reinfeld, in the Fireside Book of Chess, state that this list was devised by H. Threkeld-Edwards, a surgeon, and Prof. Mansfield Merriman, teacher of civil engineering at Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, who challenged Pillsbury in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, before an exhibition in 1896. (Other sources cite the location of the challenge as London, UK.)

References

Further reading

Sergeant, P.W. and W.H. Watts (1966). Pillsbury's Chess Career. Dover.

External links

Edward Winter, Pillsbury's Torment (2002, updated 2005)
Edward Winter, Harry Nelson Pillsbury
 The Boston Globe article
  A New Grave Marker with Reunited Family

1872 births
1906 deaths
Deaths from syphilis
American chess players
People from Somerville, Massachusetts
19th-century chess players
20th-century chess players

Harry Nelson Pillsbury


En électronique, un afficheur numérique (ou afficheur digital) est un dispositif comportant un ou plusieurs emplacements où l'on peut représenter un chiffre, une lettre ou un symbole.

Par exemple, un afficheur numérique peut remplacer un cadran à aiguille. À la différence du cadran à aiguille, l'afficheur numérique fournit l'information sous forme numérique : c'est un des éléments essentiels des technologies numériques.

Moins coûteux qu'un écran, l'afficheur numérique est apparu d'abord sous la forme de panneaux mobiles au début des années 1950.

Voir aussi
 Afficheur à palettes
 Afficheur à Tube Nixie
 Afficheur à Girouette à pastilles
 Afficheur fluorescent
 Afficheur 7 segments
 Afficheur 9 segments
 Afficheur 14 segments
 Afficheur braille

Référence

Opto-électronique

Afficheur numérique


Mila Rodino (Мила Родино, "Sevgili Ana Vatan"), Bulgaristan'ın günümüzde kullanılan ulusal marşıdır. sözler, Tsvetan Radoslavov tarafından yazılan "Görkemli Eski Dağlar" adlı şiirinden aynen alınmıştır. Şair bu şiirini 1885 yılında, 1885 Sırp-Bulgar Savaşı'ndan döndükten hemen sonra yazmıştır. 1964 yılında Bulgaristan'ın ulusal marşı olarak kabul edilmiş, sözleri birçok değişikliğe uğramış ve günümüzdeki hali 1990'da benimsenmiştir.

1886 ve 1944 yılları arasında Bulgaristan'ın ulusal marşı Meriç Gürüldüyor'du.

Sözleri

Dış bağlantılar
 http://www.president.bg/en/himn.mp3

Ulusal marşlar
Ulusal Mars

Mila Rodino


The Liberal Socialists Party (, ) was a political party in Egypt, initially affiliated to the Arab Socialist Union.

History and profile
The party was established in 1976. Its leader was Mustafa Kamel Murad. He led the party until his death in 1998.

In the 2000 parliamentary elections, the party won 1 out of 444 seats in the Majlis al-Sha'ab. However, at the following elections in 2005, it failed to win any seats. It was part of the National Democratic Alliance for Egypt during the 2011-2012 parliamentary elections.

There were official media outlets of the Liberal Socialist Party, including Al Ahrar and Al Nour.

Platform
 Sharia is a main source of legislation.
 Freedom of expression and thought.
 Election the President and Vice-President through free elections.
 Enhancing role of the private sector.
 Ensuring basic rights of labourers and peasants.
 Freedom of the press.
 Independence of the judiciary.
 Development of education.

Electoral history

People's Assembly of Egypt elections

See also

 Liberalism in Egypt

References

External links
Egypt government

1976 establishments in Egypt
2011 disestablishments in Egypt
Defunct political parties in Egypt
Islamic political parties in Egypt
Liberal parties in Egypt
Political parties disestablished in 2011
Political parties established in 1976
Sunni Islamic political parties
Liberal socialism

Liberal Socialists Party (Egypt)