Karmela Špoljarić (Zagreb, 1967.), hrvatska književnica, koja piše prozne i dramske tekstove.

Životopis
Karmela Špoljarić rođena je u Zagrebu, maturirala je 1986. u Školi primijenjene umjetnosti i dizajna. Diplomirala je kroatistiku i južnoslavenske filologije na Filozofskom fakultetu u Zagrebu, a  magistrirala na poslijediplomskom znanstvenom studiju književnosti 1999. na temu "Poetika postmodernizma u djelima hrvatskih borgesovaca". Piše prozne i dramske tekstove, a bavi se i uređivanjem tekstova. Živi i radi u Zagrebu i na Krku, u Omišlju.

Književni rad
Uz pisanje i uređivanje, Karmela Špoljarić vodi i razvija posebne radionice kreativnog pisanja. Autorica je nekoliko autorskih projekata, tijekom 2013. godine osmislila je i pokrenula prvu Dopisnu radionicu kreativnog pisanja Kako početi, u trajanju od tri mjeseca. Također je autorica radionice bajki za odrasle, "Bajkanje - putujuća radionica pisanja bajki". Koautorica je tekstualno-vizualnog projekta Izložba priča s kojim je gostovala u nekoliko hrvatskih gradova te kreativno-terapijske radionice 4priče.put. Održava i vikend radionice pisanja "Kako početi" i "Volimo priče, jer".
Od 2010. godine objavljuje pripovijetke na Trećem programu Hrvatskog radija i u književnim časopisima. Za tinejdžersku dramu "Nula kuna po minuti" 2011. godine dobila je nagradu Ministarstva kulture "Marin Držić". U svibnju 2013. objavila je roman "Nije ovo Twin Peaks" (AGM), za kojeg je 2014. dobila nagradu DHK "Slavić".

Djela

 Nije ovo Twin Peaks, roman, AGM, 2013.
 Nula kuna po minuti, tinejdžerska drama 2011.
 Pazi što ćeš poželjeti, zbirka priča, CeKaPe – Centar za kreativno pisanje, 2013.
 Major Tom, roman, Hena com, 2014.
 Rašomon, roman, Hena com, 2020.
 Ringišpil, zbirka priča, Hena com, 2021.

Nagrade
 2011.: Nagrada "Marin Držić" Ministarstva kulture RH
 2014.: Nagrada Dana hrvatske knjige "Slavić"

Zanimljivosti
Voli putovati i fotografirati, a njezine su fotografije na naslovnicama Rašomona i Ringišpila. Živi i radi u Zagrebu i na Krku.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Magični realizam u "Nije ovo Twin Peaks", Večernji list, 24. SVIBNJA 2013. Pristupljeno 31. kolovoza 2022.

Hrvatski književnici

Karmela Špoljarić


Pernik (), eskiden (1949-62) Dimitrovo, Bulgaristan'da ortabatı kesiminde kent.

Sofya'nın 30 km güneybatısında, Struma Nehri kıyısında yer alır. Bizans ordularının saldırılarına karşı koymak için yapılmış birkaç Bulgar kalesinden biri olan Pernik 1396-1878 arasında Osmanlı yönetiminde kaldı. Başlangıçta küçük bir köy iken, 1891'den sonra, bölgede kömür bulunmasının ardından bir sanayi merkezi durumuna geldi. Günümüzde toplam sanayi üretimi ve sanayide istihdam edilen nüfus bakımından Bulgaristan'daki başlıca sanayi kentlerinden biridir.

2011 sayımına göre nüfusu 81.052 kişidir.

İklim

Kardeş Şehirler
  Ovar, Portekiz
  Elektrostal, Rusya
  Pardubice, Çekya
  Luhansk, Ukrayna
  Balashikha, Rusya
  Kavadar, Kuzey Makedonya
  Lublin, Polonya
  Rožaje, Karadağ
  Nilüfer, Bursa, Türkiye
  Orsha, Belarus
  Orosei, Nuoro ili, İtalya

Kaynakça

Bulgaristan'daki şehirler
MÖ 4. yüzyılda kurulan yerleşim birimleri

Pernik


Mala Rohan () ou Malaïa Rogan (), littéralement « Petite Rogan », est un village situé dans le raïon de Kharkiv, lui même situé dans l'oblast du même nom, en Ukraine.

Historique
Le village, fondé en 1657, s'appelle à l'origine Passekivka (Пасеківка) et reçoit son nom actuel en 1895. Mala Rohan est le chef-lieu de la commune d'arrondissement du même nom, d'une superficie de 38,61 mètres carrés au sud-est de raïon de Kharkiv, qui comprend également les villages de Biskvitne (Бісквітне) avec environ 150 habitants et Koropy (Коропи) avec environ 150 habitants.

Le village se trouve à une altitude de 128 mètres sur la rive droite de la Rohanka (Роганка), un affluent gauche de 31 kilomètres de long de l'Udy, à la périphérie est, à 21 kilomètres à l'est du centre-ville de Kharkiv Raion et du centre de l'oblast.

Fin , pendant l'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie, le village repasse sous contrôle ukrainien au prix de combats, après être passé sous occupation russe. La prise de Mala Rohan  déclare à un média local le maire de Kharkiv, Igor Terekhov. Durant le conflit, le village est lui même victime de bombardements russes. Une vidéo d'exactions envers des soldats russes supposées avoir été commises par des soldats ukrainiens rattachés au régiment Azov est diffusée sur Telegram. Les autorités ukrainiennes dénoncent une mise en scène mais déclarent qu'une enquête sera menée malgré tout.

Notes et références

Commune rurale dans l'oblast de Kharkiv
Crime de guerre en Ukraine

Mala Rohan


...escu sau ...Escu este o ecranizare a piesei de teatru ...escu de Tudor Mușatescu, regizată de Dinu Cernescu.

Actori
 Ștefan Bănică - Decebal Sp. Necșulescu
 Ștefan Mihăilescu-Brăila - Iorgu Langada, socrul lui Decebal
 Mircea Cruceanu - Traian Necșulescu
 Corado Negreanu - generalul Stamatescu
 Jorj Voicu - Platon Stamatescu
 Paul Ioachim - Bébé Damian
 Maria Pătrașcu - Amèlie, soția lui Decebal
 Astra Dan - Miza, soția generalului Stamatescu
 Dorina Lazăr - Nina Damian

Producție
Filmul este produs de Televiziunea Română.

Legături externe
 Escu... la TVR.ro

Filme din 1990
Filme românești
Filme de comedie românești
Filme regizate de Dinu Cernescu
Filme TVR
Filme de comedie din anii 1990
Ecranizări de opere literare românești

...escu (teatru TV)


The Typhoon class, Soviet designation Project 941 Akula (), was a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines designed and built by the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. With a submerged displacement of 48,000 tonnes, the Typhoons are the largest submarines ever built, able to accommodate comfortable living facilities for the crew of 160 when submerged for months on end. The source of the NATO reporting name remains unclear, although it is often claimed to be related to the use of the word "typhoon" ("тайфун") by General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev of the Communist Party in a 1974 speech while describing a new type of nuclear ballistic missile submarine, as a reaction to the United States Navy's new .

The Russian Navy cancelled its Typhoon modernization program in March 2012, stating that modernizing one Typhoon would be as expensive as building two new s. With the announcement that Russia has eliminated the last R-39 Rif (SS-N-20 Sturgeon) SLBMs in September 2012, only one Typhoon remained in service, , which refitted with the more modern RSM-56 Bulava SLBM for testing. She continued to serve until February 2023, when she was decommissioned.

Description

Soviet − subsequently Russian − nuclear submarines are identified by the letter "K" followed by a number (for example, the lead boat of the , the , is K-560). K stands for Cruiser: . The sheer displacement of the Typhoon-class boats, comparable to several aircraft carrier classes, led to their classification as Heavy Cruisers; .

Besides their missile armament, the Typhoon class featured six torpedo tubes designed to handle RPK-2 (SS-N-15) missiles or Type 53 torpedoes. A Typhoon-class submarine could stay submerged for 120 days in normal conditions, and potentially more if deemed necessary (e.g., in the case of a nuclear war). Their primary weapons system was composed of 20 R-39 (NATO: SS-N-20) ballistic missiles (SLBM) with a maximum of 10 MIRV nuclear warheads each. Technically, Typhoons were able to deploy their long-range nuclear missiles while moored at their docks.

Typhoon-class submarines featured multiple pressure hulls which simplifies internal design while making the vessel much wider than a normal submarine. In the main body of the sub, two long pressure hulls lie parallel with a third, smaller pressure hull above them (which protrudes just below the sail), and two other pressure hulls for torpedoes and steering gear. This also greatly increases their survivability – even if one pressure hull is breached, the crew members in the other are safe and there is less potential for flooding. Its ballistic missiles were placed between the two main pressure hulls, their launch tubes enclosed only by the outer, "light" hull.

The Typhoon was capable of traveling at  submerged.

History

The Typhoon class was developed under Project 941 as the Soviet Akula class (Акула), meaning shark. It is sometimes confused with other submarines, as Akula is the name NATO uses to designate the Russian Project 971 Shchuka-B (Щука-Б)-class attack submarines. The project was developed with the objective to match the SLBM armament of s, capable of carrying 192 nuclear warheads, 100 kt each, but with significantly longer range. To accommodate this increase in range, Soviet SLBMs were substantially larger and heavier than their American counterparts (the R-39 Rif is more than twice as heavy as the UGM-96 Trident I; it remains the heaviest SLBM to have been in service worldwide). The submarine had to be scaled accordingly.

In the early 1990s, there were also proposals to refit some of the Typhoon-class submarines to submarine cargo vessels for shipping oil, gas and cargo under polar ice to Russia's far flung northern territories. The submarines could take up to 10,000 tonnes of cargo on-board and ship it under the polar ice to tankers waiting in the Barents Sea. These ships – after the considerable engineering required to develop technologies to transfer oil from drilling platforms to the submarines, and later, to the waiting tankers – would then deliver their cargo world-wide.

Six Typhoon-class submarines were built between 1976 and 1985. Originally, the submarines were designated by hull numbers only. Names were later assigned to the four vessels retained by the Russian Navy after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. During the time of the Russian Federation, these boats were to be sponsored by either a city or company. The construction order for an additional vessel (hull number TK-210) was cancelled and never completed.

In late December 2008, a senior Navy official announced that the two Typhoon-class submarines, TK-17 Arkhangelsk and TK-20 Severstal, that were in reserve would not be rearmed with the new Bulava SLBM missile system. They could potentially yet be modified to carry cruise missiles or to lay mines, or could be used in special operations. In late June 2009, the Navy Commander-in-Chief, Admiral Vladimir Vysotskiy, told reporters that the two submarines would be reserved for possible future repairs and modernisation. In September 2011, the Russian defense ministry decided to write off all Project 941 Akula nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines until 2014. The reasons for decommissioning the Typhoon-class vessels are the restrictions imposed on Russia by the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty and successful trials of the new Borei-class submarine.

Despite being a replacement for many types of submarines, the Borei-class submarines are slightly shorter than the Typhoon class ( as opposed to ), and have a smaller crew (107 people as opposed to 160). These changes were in part designed to reduce the cost to build and maintain the submarines. In addition, the United States and Canada provided 80% of funds for scrapping the older Typhoon-class submarines, making it much more economical to build a new submarine.

In 2013, the state-run RIA Novosti news agency announced that the Navy would scrap two Typhoons, beginning in 2018. They were the TK-17 Arkhangelsk and TK-20 Severstal. As of 2017, the decision about the scrapping of TK-17 and TK-20 was still not firm.

On 20 July 2022, it was reported that Dmitriy Donskoy was withdrawn from the Russian Navy. This was an earlier-than-expected decommission date, as it was stated in 2021 that the submarine was expected to remain in service until 2026 as a weapons test platform. However sources suggested in 2022 that the 2026 date was not in the Russian Navy plan.
On 6 February 2023, it was reported she was decommissioned.

Units

Timeline

TK-208 Dmitriy Donskoy (Typhoon #1)
 10 February 1982: Entered 18th division (Zapadnaya Litsa), NOR.
 December 1982: Transferred from Severodvinsk to Zapadnaya Litsa.
 1983–1984: Tests of D-19 missile complex. Commanders: A.V.Olkhovikov (1980–1984).
 3 December 1986: Entered Navy Board of the Winners of the Socialist Competition.
 18 January 1987: Entered MoD Board of Glory.
 20 September 1989 – 1991: Repairs and refit at Sevmash to Project 941U. 1991 refit cancelled.
 1996: Returned to 941U refit.
 2002: Named Dmitriy Donskoy.
 26 June 2002: End of refit.
 30 June 2002: Start of testing.
 26 July 2002: Entered sea trials, re-entered fleet, without missile system.
 December 2003: Sea trials; refitted to carry a new Bulava missile system. New missile system expected to be operational by 2005.
 9 October 2005: Successfully launched SS-NX-30 Bulava SLBM from surface.
 21 December 2005: Successfully launched SS-NX-30 Bulava SLBM from submerged position on move.
 7 September 2006: Test launch of the Bulava missile failed after several minutes in flight due to some problems in the flight control system. The missile fell into the sea about a minute after the launch. The sub was not affected and was returning to Severodvinsk base submerged. Later reports blamed the engine of the first stage for the failure.
 25 October 2006: Test launch of the Bulava-M missile in the White Sea failed some 200 seconds after liftoff due to the apparent failure of the flight control system.
 28 August 2008: Underwent successful testing at the Sevmash shipyard in Severodvinsk, Arkhangelsk Oblast. More than 170 men worked with the Dmitriy Donskoy, 100 of them employed at the Sevmash plant and 70 at other companies.
 20 July 2022: Decommissioned

TK-17 Arkhangelsk (Typhoon #5)
 19 February 1988: Entered 18th division (Zapadnaya Litsa) NOR.
 September 1991, damaged after a SLBM exploded in the launch silo.
 8 January–9 November 2002: Refit at Sevmash.
 In July 2002, crew petitioned Main Navy Headquarters to adopt the name Arkhangel'sk (renamed on 18 November 2002).
 Commander: 2002-2003 V. Volkov.
 17 February 2004: Took part in military exercises with President Vladimir Putin aboard.
 Decommissioned in 2006 and preserved. The decision about its dismantling still has not been made. Apparent proposal to convert to cruise missile role being considered in 2019 but deemed unlikely.

TK-20 Severstal (Typhoon #6)
 28 February 1990: Entered 18th division (Zapadnaya Litsa), NOR.
 25 August 1996: Successfully launched SLBM
 November 1996: Successfully launched SLBM from the North Pole.
 24 July 1999: Took part in parade on Navy Day in Severomorsk, NOR.
 November–December 1999 – distant cruise.
 2001: named to Severstal.
 June 2001–December 2002: Repairs at Sevmash.
 Commander: A. Bogachev (2001).
 Decommissioned in 2004 or 2013 and preserved. The decision about its dismantling still has not been made. Apparent proposal to convert to cruise missile role being considered in 2019 but deemed unlikely.

Notable appearances in media

Probably the best-known fictional Typhoon-class submarine is the stealth-equipped Red October (Ru:Красный Oктябрь), the subject of the Tom Clancy novel The Hunt for Red October and its 1990 movie adaptation, starring Sean Connery as the fictional Captain Marko Ramius.

The 2001 documentary Mission Invisible about the Russian submarine Severstal was produced by Corona Films for Discovery Channel with the participation of ZED, France 5, ZDF, RTBF, TV5 Monde and the Scottish Screen Fund.

In 2008 National Geographic released a documentary about the scrapping of one of the Typhoons in the series Break It Down. This boat is TK-13, which was scrapped in 2007–2009.

See also
 List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes
 List of submarine classes in service
 Future of the Russian Navy
 Submarine-launched ballistic missile

References

External links

Submarine classes
Russian and Soviet navy submarine classes
Cold War submarines of the Soviet Union
Soviet inventions
Nuclear submarines of the Soviet Navy

Typhoon-class submarine


Međuopćinska nogometna liga Koprivnica – Križevci je bila liga petog stupnja nogometnog prvenstva Jugoslavije u sezoni 1978./79.
Sudjelovalo je 12 klubova, a prvak je bio "Borac" iz Drnja.

Ljestvica

Rezultatska križaljka

 Izvori:

Povezani članci
 Zagrebačka zona – Sjever 1978./79.
 Liga ZO Bjelovar 1978./79.
 Međuopćinska liga – Sjever – Varaždin 1978./79.
 Općinska A liga Koprivnica 1978./79.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

 library.foi.hr, "Glas Podravine"
 library.foi.hr, "Glas Podravine", br. 24, god. XXXIV, izdano 15. lipnja 1979., str.9 (Sport), (ljestvica), preuzeto 10. travnja 2021.
 Mladen Levak, Kristina Poljičak: Nogometni klub "Osvit" Đelekovec : 1923. – 2013. : 90 godina Nogometnog kluba "Osvit" i igranja nogometa u Đelekovcu , Đelekovec, 2014.,  (Vendi), str. 190-194

1978-79 0 MOL KC-KŽ
MOL Koprivnica-Križevci
1978-79 MOL Koprivnica-Križevci

Međuopćinska nogometna liga Koprivnica – Križevci 1978./79.


Luis Engel est un joueur d'échecs allemand né le  à Hambourg en Allemagne.

Au , il est le dix-neuvième joueur allemand avec un classement Elo de .

Biographie et carrière

Grand maître international depuis 2020, Luis Engel a remporté le championnat d'Allemagne open en 2020 (avec , 7,5 points sur 9) et le championnat d'Allemagne fermé (le German Masters) en 2021 à Magdebourg.

En 2019, il marqua 7 points sur 9 à l'Open Grenke

Notes et références

Liens externes

Joueur allemand d'échecs
Grand maître international
Naissance en octobre 2002
Naissance à Hambourg

Luis Engel


Das Königlich Preußische Geodätische Institut war die übergeordnete Vermessungsverwaltung der von Preußen ab etwa 1866 regierten deutschen Staaten. Es wurde nach dem Muster des 1800–1839 in Wien entstandenen Militärgeografischen Instituts gegründet. Trotz des folgenschweren Krieges mit Österreich-Ungarn von 1866 gelang es den beteiligten Geodäten und Politikern, eine zwischenstaatliche Kooperation zwischen den beiden weltweit bedeutenden Forschungsstätten zu beginnen.

Einige dieser Projekte dienten der vereinbarten mitteleuropäischen Gradmessung, deren größtes Vermessungsprojekt der Meridianbogen Großenhain-Kremsmünster-Pola von Sachsen über Böhmen und Österreich bis zur Adria war. Weitere bahnbrechende Arbeiten des Preußischen Instituts waren die sukzessive Vereinigung der zersplitterten deutschen Vermessungsnetze und die theoretischen Untersuchungen zur Geoidbestimmung, die vor allem vom langjährigen Institutsdirektor Friedrich Robert Helmert (1843–1917) durchgeführt wurden.

Geschichte
Die von Johann Jacob Baeyer und Wilhelm Foerster am 16. März 1867 beim Preußischen Kultusministerium eingereichte Promemoria betreffend die Organisation eines Instituts für höhere Meßkunde führt 1870 zur Gründung des Instituts in Berlin. Es war jedoch ein Ort mit rauchfreier Luft und erschütterungsfreiem Boden gefordert.

Von 1889 bis 1892 wurde unter Direktor Friedrich Robert Helmert das Königlich Geodätische Institut Potsdam am Telegrafenberg als Backsteinbau in klassizistischem Stil errichtet. Thermisch regelbare Messräume mit eigenem Fundament sollten ganzjährig gleichbleibende Messbedingungen für die diversen Experimente im Haus ermöglichen.

In den Jahren von 1898 bis 1904 gelang hier den Mathematikern Friedrich Kühnen (1858–1940) und Philipp Furtwängler mit Reversionspendeln die Absolutbestimmung der Erdschwere, die 1909 internationaler Bezugswert wurde.

1915/16 baute Kühnen hier mit dem Konstrukteur Reipert von der Firma Otto Toepfer & Sohn in Potsdam im geheimen Auftrag des Reichsmarineamtes die erste deutsche Gezeitenrechenmaschine.

Siehe auch
 Preußische Landesaufnahme (Behörde)
 Potsdamer Schweresystem

Literatur

 Friedrich Jakob Kühnen, Philipp Furtwängler: Bestimmung der absoluten Grösze der Schwerkraft zu Potsdam mit Reversionspendeln. (PDF; 1,4 MB) In: Veröff. kgl. preuss. geodät. Inst., N.F., 1906, Nr. 27. Stankiewicz, Berlin, 390 S.

Weblinks
 Digitale Sammlung zur Geschichte des Telegrafenberges in Potsdam

Erdmessung
Geodätische Institution
Kartografische Institution
Behörde (Preußen)
Gegründet 1870
Aufgelöst 1917

Königlich Preußisches Geodätisches Institut


Vojna povijest, hrvatski mjesečnik kojeg izdaje Večernji list. Obrađuje vojne i povijesne teme s naglaskom na hrvatsku povijest. Izlazi jednom mjesečno i košta 25 kn. Dosad je 113 brojeva.

O časopisu
Započinje uvodnikom kojeg piše urednik Zvonimir Despot. Na početku časopisa je analiza od četiri stranice koja govori o nekoj aktualnoj temi (npr. ubojstvu al-Bagdadija). Zatim na nekoliko stranica slijedi Vojnopovijesni vremeplov, koji ukratko opisuje važne događaje koji su se dogodili u tom mjesecu. Piše ga Deni Vlačić, a svjetlopisi su preuzeti s Wikipedije. Slijedi glavna tema broja, koja se rastegne na barem 10 stranica s mnogo slika i pododlomaka, a zatim ostali članci, katkad i serijali koji se pišu u više brojeva (npr. serijal o Osmanskom Carstvu. Desetak stranica prije kraja, vrijeme je za odlomak kojeg potpisuje Muzej vojne i ratne povijesti Pakrac. Na nekoliko stranica prikazani su brojni svjetlopisi uz opise i kratak člančić. Tu je i odlomak Militarija koji reklamira vojne predmete i znakovlje u suradnju s Njuškalom. Pretposljednja tema je Povijest na filmu, u kojoj se opisuje novi film i njegova važnost za vojnu povijest. Časopis završava s kratkom recenzijom najnovije posljednje knjige i često s reklamom za pretplatu na časopis i knjige koje izdaje Despot Infinitus.

Glavni urednici
Zvonimir Despot (2011. - ?)

Poznati suradnici
Do danas su za Vojnu povijest pisali Zvonimir Despot, Mario Werhas, Zvonimir Freivogel, Mirko Bilandžić, Deni Vlačić, Filip Katanić, David Orlović, Hrvoje Spajić, Danijel Tatić i drugi.

Izvori

Unutarnje poveznice
Večernji list

Vanjske poveznice

Služena stranica
Vojna povijest na Facebooku
Povijesni časopisi
Hrvatski mjesečnici
Vojna povijest

Vojna povijest (časopis)


Terry Major-Ball (2 July 193213 March 2007) was a British columnist, banker and media personality who was the elder brother of the former British prime minister John Major, who during his brother's six-year premiership had a brief career as a television and radio personality and newspaper columnist. Despite the media attention, he always remained loyal and discreet.

Early life
Terry Major-Ball was born in 1932, and grew up in Worcester Park, Surrey. His father, Tom Major-Ball (real name Abraham Thomas Ball), was a music hall performer and circus artiste under the name Tom Major, and combined the two surnames when he started a garden ornament business.  His mother, Gwen, Tom's second wife, was a dancer.  Unlike his elder sister Pat and younger brother John, Major-Ball failed his 11 plus exam and went to Stoneleigh East Secondary Modern School. During the Second World War, they were evacuated to Norfolk.  After World War II, Major-Ball did National Service with the Royal Army Medical Corps in Germany.

After being demobilised, Major-Ball tried, without success, to save his ailing father's business, Major's Garden Ornaments, which was finally taken over by a competitor in 1962.  The family's reduced circumstances forced them to move into rented rooms in Coldharbour Lane in Brixton.  To supplement the family's income, Terry Major-Ball took many menial jobs.  While working at Woolworths in Brixton in 1958, he met Shirley Wilson, whom he married in 1960. Major-Ball later became a meter installer for South Eastern Electricity Board and a banker.

Brother's premiership
Terry Major-Ball first came to the spotlight in November 1990, when his brother John became Prime Minister after the Conservative leadership election. During Major's premiership his brother became a media favourite. In 1994 he published his autobiography Major Major: Memories of an Older Brother, which was ghost-written by the journalist James Hughes-Onslow. It received good reviews and Major-Ball became a regular at book launches. It was praised as "one of the great comic books of the year" by John Wells and "exquisitely funny" by Auberon Waugh. He always remained loyal to his brother and, amongst other things, kept secret his knowledge of the affair between Major and Edwina Currie and the details of a secret half-brother. In 1995 he appeared on Have I Got News for You and The Mrs Merton Show.

In 1993, after noting that he had only been abroad once, to Germany while on National Service, and had never stayed in a hotel, The Evening Standard arranged for him to fly first-class to New York City, where he met Liza Minnelli. Terry Major-Ball later went to Christchurch, New Zealand, to open a garden gnome festival. He had columns in The Daily Express, The Daily Mail and The Guardian. Major-Ball also made a BBC2 travel programme called A Postcard to my Brother, where he visited France, Germany and Poland.

Later years
Following John's departure from office after the 1997 general election, Terry Major-Ball's fame dwindled. In 2003, he moved to Somerset from Croydon, London, where he spent the remaining years of his life until his death from prostate cancer on 13 March 2007 in a hospice in Chard, Somerset. His death was announced on 20 April 2007.  He was survived by his wife and children.

References

External links

1932 births
2007 deaths
Deaths from cancer in England
Daily Mail journalists
Deaths from prostate cancer
English bankers
The Guardian journalists
People from Worcester Park
20th-century British Army personnel
Royal Army Medical Corps soldiers
20th-century English businesspeople

Terry Major-Ball


Georges Bruguière est un entrepreneur français, éditeur de photographies stéréoscopiques, fabricant de stéréoscopes et autres accessoires photographiques.

Il est le fondateur entre autres de la société « Stéréofilms Bruguière » (1946-1974) et gérant de la société « L'Expansion photographique » (1949-1980).

Références

Entrepreneur français
Diffusion de la photographie

Georges Bruguière


La microrregión de Novo Horizonte es una de las microrregiones del estado brasilero de São Paulo perteneciente a la Mesorregión de São José do Río Preto. Tiene una población de 79.222 habitantes (IBGE/2010) y está dividida en seis municipios. Posee un área total de 2.435,1 km².

Municipios

 Irapuã
 Itajobi
 Marapoama
 Novo Horizonte
 Sales
 Urupês

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Nuevo Horizonte

Microrregión de Novo Horizonte


بيزينوك مدينة في غرب سلوفاكيا على بعد 20 كم من العاصمة براتيسلافا وتتبع أقليم براتيسلافا.

توأمة
لبيزينوك اتفاقيات توأمة مع:
 ملادا بوليسلاف

أعلام

 يوجين سوتشون

مراجع

مدن سلوفاكيا

بيزينوك


The Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) is the professional head of the British Armed Forces and the most senior uniformed military adviser to the secretary of state for defence and the prime minister of the United Kingdom. The chief of the defence staff is based at the Ministry of Defence and works alongside the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Defence, the ministry's senior civil servant. The Chief of Defence is the highest ranking officer to currently serve in the armed forces. Its role is equivalent to Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the US military.

Constitutionally, the sovereign is the de jure commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. However, in practice, the Government of the United Kingdom de facto exercises the royal prerogative and provides direction of the Armed Forces through the Ministry of Defence's Defence Council, of which the chief of the defence staff is a member.

The current chief of the defence staff is Admiral Sir Tony Radakin, who succeeded General Sir Nick Carter in November 2021. Chiefs of the defence staff are appointed on the recommendation of the secretary of state for defence to the prime minister, before being approved by the monarch.

Responsibilities
The Chief of the Defence Staff's responsibilities include:

 leading defence (with the Permanent Secretary (Perm Sec))
 setting strategy for defence, including the future development of the Armed Forces (subject to ministers' direction, and together with Perm Sec)
 the conduct of current operations (as strategic commander)
 leading relationships with other countries' Armed Forces

Supporting and associated posts
The CDS is supported by a deputy, the Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff, who since 1997 (when the CDS post was downgraded) has been of equivalent rank but is ordinarily from a different service to the CDS.  There are also several Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (DCDS) posts who support the VCDS.  As of 2015 these are:

Deputy Chief of Defence Staff (Military Strategy & Operations) (DCDS (MSO))
Chief of Defence People (CDP)
Deputy Chief of Defence Staff for Military Capability (DCDS (Mil Cap))

The CDS maintains a close working relationship with the Ministry of Defence's Permanent Under Secretary, who is the Ministry's senior civil servant, and they both report directly to the Secretary of State for Defence.  The CDS focuses on military operations and strategy while the Permanent Under Secretary's remit concerns administrative and financial policy.

Additionally, the CDS is supported by a Strategic Advisory Panel.

History of the post
The post was created in 1959 to reflect the new concept of joint operations that had come to the fore in the Second World War. The first incumbent was Marshal of the RAF Sir William Dickson. Prior to the creation of the post, he had served as the chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee, from 1956 onwards. Before 1956, although no permanent post of chairman existed, the three service chiefs took it in turn to act as chairman at meetings.  From the post's inception until the mid-to-late 1970s, CDS appointments were granted on a strict rotational basis between the three services. The first break in rotational order was precipitated by the death of Marshal of the RAF Sir Andrew Humphrey.

From the creation of the post until 1997, the Chief of the Defence Staff was appointed to the highest rank in the respective branch of the British armed forces to which he belonged, being an admiral of the Fleet, a field marshal or marshal of the Royal Air Force, (NATO rank code OF-10). However, with the post-Cold War reduction in the manpower strength of the British Armed Forces and the additional reasoning that no new 5-star appointments are to be made in peacetime, since 1997 the Chief of the Defence Staff has kept the rank of admiral, general or air chief marshal, (NATO OF-9), which he invariably already holds. However, during the 2010s Guthrie, Boyce, Walker and Stirrup were honorarily promoted to their respective services' senior ranks, sometime after they had each stepped down as CDS. Although there is no policy against a Royal Marines officer being appointed, few officers in the Corps attain a high enough rank to be considered for the post. However, in 2016, Gordon Messenger was promoted to the four star rank of general and appointed as Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff.

List of Chiefs of the Defence Staff (1959–present)

Timeline

Peerage
Customarily, former Chiefs of Defence Staff receive a life peerage on retirement, sitting in the House of Lords as non-political crossbench peers. Their appointment is recommended not via the House of Lords Appointments Commission as is normal procedure, but is instead nominated directly to The King by the Prime Minister, who elects to nominate "a limited number of distinguished public servants" on retirement for a peerage. Sir Jock Stirrup was introduced to the House of Lords on 1 February 2010 as Baron Stirrup of Marylebone in the City of Westminster.

See also
Head of the British Armed Forces

Notes

References

Sources

Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
British military appointments
United Kingdom

Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom)


Mentrestido Portekiz'de Vila Nova de Cerveira belediyesine bağlı olan, 4,87 km² yüzölçümüne sahip, 271 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Portekiz'in freguesiaları
Vila Nova de Cerveira

Mentrestido


ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) යනු මයික්‍රෝසොෆ්ට්හි  Direct x API හි කොටසකි. මයික්‍රෝසොෆ්ට්හි සමහර කාරක පද්ධතීන්වල පමණක් ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) අන්තර්ගත වන අතර   X box සහ X box 360 හි ග්‍රැෆික් සඳහා  ද යොදා ගෙන ඇත. ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වය වැදගත් වන ත්‍රීමාන ග්‍රැෆික් සඳහා  ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) යොදා‍ගැනෙන අතර එයට උදාහරණ ලෙස පරිගණක ක්‍රිඩා පෙන්වා දිය හැකිය.  ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) පරිගණක යෙදුම්  වලදී සම්පූර්ණ තිරයට යොදාගැනීමට අවස්ථාව සලසා දෙයි. එමෙන්ම තමන්ගේ ග්‍රැෆික් කාඩය මඟින් අවස්ථාව සලසා දී ඇත්නම් ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) මඟින් දෘඩකාංගවල වේගය වැඩි කිරීම ද සිදු කරයි. 3D ග්‍රැෆික් දෘඩකාංගවල  විශේෂිත වූ ග්‍රැෆික් තාක්ෂණයන් ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) මඟින් ඉස්මතු කළ හැකි අතර එවැනි ඒවා සඳහා උදාහරණ ලෙ‍ස  Z- අවරෝධකය (buffering), anti - aliasing, ඇල්ෆා සම්මිශ්‍රණය (alpha blending), අනුරූපණය (mapping), වායුගෝලීය ප්‍රතිවිපාක සහ නිවැරදි ආකෘති (correct texture) අනුරූපණය වැනි දෘඩකාංග පෙන්වා දිය හැකිය. අනෙකුත්  Direct X තාක්ෂණයන් සමඟ එක්ව  ගත් විට  ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) හි විඩීයෝ අනුරූපණය, ත්‍රිමාණ ග්‍රැ‍ෆික් ද්විමාණ බවට පත්කිරීම වැනි විශේෂාංගද ඇත.

ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) යනු ත්‍රිමාණ API එකකි. ත්‍රිමාණ පරිවර්තනයන් සඳහා අවශ්‍ය විධාන එහි ඇතුල් වේ. කෙසේ හෝ  ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) 8 වැනි පිටපත පෙර  Direct draw හි විශේෂ අංගයන් වලට වඩා දියුණූ අංගයන්ගෙන් යුක්ත වන අතර එහි ද්විමාණ දර්ශන පරිවර්තනය ද සිදු කිරීමට හැකියාව  ඇත.  නවතම දර්ශන කාඩ්වල ඇති දියුණු තාක්ෂණයට සරිලන  අයුරින් ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) දියුණු කිරීමට මයික්‍රොසො‍ෆ්ට් ආයතනය නිරන්තරයෙන්  බැදී සිටි.  ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) සමහර  මෘදුකාංග සඳහා අණුකරණයක් ලෙස යොදාගත හැකි නමුත් එය පරිගණකයේ නැති පික්සල් මෘදුකාංග සඳහා අණුකරණයක් ලෙස යොදාගත නොහැකිය. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) යොදාගැනෙන මෘදුකාංගයකට  Pixelshaders අවශ්‍ය වුවහොත් සහ එම විශේෂාංගයට පරිගණකයේ වීඩියෝ කාචය සුදුසු නැතිවුවහොත් ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) එහි යොදාගත නොහැකිය. ත්‍රිමාණ අනු රූපයන් හි ඇති රටාවන් සහ බහුඅස්‍රයන් සකස් කිරීමේ හැකියාවක්  ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) සතුවන නමුත්  එමඟින් තත්ත්වය හා ක්‍රියාකාරීබව, මෘදුකාංග වලට සාපේක්ෂව පහත වැටීමක් සිදුවේ. API  එක Reference Rasterizer එකක් අර්ථ දක්වා නොමැති අතර එය  Pixel shaders සඳහා යොදාගැනීමේ දී ඉතා අක්‍රමවත් බැවින් භාවිතය ඉතා අඩුවේ.

ඍජු ත්‍රිමාන (Direct 3D) හි ප්‍රධාන තරගකරුවන්නේ Open GL එකයි. එහි බොහෝ විශේෂාංග සහ මෙවලම්, (API එකේ නොමැති) ඇත.

සටහන්
ත්‍රිමාණ සජීවීකරණය
{|

|-

|Direct3D
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{|

මයික්‍රොසොෆ්ට් ඩිරෙක්ට් ත්‍රීඩී


Francisco Sotomayor, OFM (falecido a 5 de fevereiro de 1630) foi um prelado católico romano que serviu como arcebispo de La Plata o Charcas de 1628 a 1630, bispo de Quito de 1623 a 1628 e bispo de Cartagena na Colômbia em 1623.

Ligações externas
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)

Mortos em 1630
Bispos católicos
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Urbano VIII

Francisco Sotomayor


El término Mijáilovskaya  puede referirse a:

Mijáilovskaya (Kargopol, Arjánguelsk), localidad del raión de Kargopol del óblast de Arjánguelsk, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Ustia, Arjánguelsk), localidad del raión del Ustia del óblast de Arjánguelsk, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Vérjniaya Toima, Arjánguelsk), localidad del raión de Verjniaya Toima del óblast de Arjánguelsk, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Vinograd, Arjánguelsk), localidad del raión de Vinograd del óblast de Arjánguelsk, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Rovdino, Shénkursk, Arjánguelsk), localidad del municipio de Rovdino del raión de Shénkursk del óblast de Arjánguelsk, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Ust-Padenga, Shénkursk, Arjánguelsk), localidad del municipio de Ust-Padenga del raión de Shénkursk del óblast de Arjánguelsk, en Rusia.*
Mijáilovskaya (Krasnodar), localidad del krai de Krasnodar, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Volgogrado), localidad del óblast de Volgogrado, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Veliki Ústiug, Vólogda), localidad del raión de Veliki Ústiug del óblast de Vólogda, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Verjovazhe, Vólogda), localidad del raión de Verjovazhe del óblast de Vólogda, en Rusia.
Mijáilovskaya (Vózhega, Vólogda), localidad del raión de Vózhega del óblast de Vólogda, en Rusia.

Mijáilovskaya


NGC 6044 est une lointaine galaxie lenticulaire située dans la constellation d'Hercule. Sa vitesse par rapport au fond diffus cosmologique est de , ce qui correspond à une distance de Hubble de . NGC 6044 a été découverte par l'astronome américain Lewis Swift en . Cette galaxie a aussi été observée par l'astronome français Guillaume Bigourdan le  et elle a été inscrite à l'Index Catalogue sous la cote IC 1172. La base de données Simbad indique de façon erronée que la galaxie IC 1172 est PGC 57157.

À ce jour, deux mesures non basées sur le décalage vers le rouge (redshift) donnent une distance de , ce qui est à l'intérieur des valeurs de la distance de Hubble.

NGC 6044 fait partie du superamas d'Hercule. Steinicke utilise la désignation DRCG 34-... pour plusieurs galaxies du superamas d'Hercule. Cette désignation indique que ces galaxies figurent au catalogue des amas galactiques d'Alan Dressler. Le nombre 34 correspond au  du catalogue, soit Abell 2151, et les chiffres suivant 34 et le tiret indiquent le rang de la galaxie dans la liste.

Pour NGC 6044 la base de données NASA/IPAC utilisent les désignations suivantes :
 ABELL 2151:[D80] 093  pour le catalogue de Dressler ;
 ABELL 2151:[BO85] 013 pour le l'article de Butcher et Oemler ;
 ABELL 2151:[CBW93] E pour l'article de Colless, Burstein et Wegner ;
 ABELL 2151:[MGT95] 069 pour l'article Maccagni, Garilli et Tarenghi ;
 ABELL 2151:[FBD2002] o01 pour l'article de Fasano, Bettoni et D'Onofrio.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du New General Catalogue

Liens externes

 NGC 6044 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

6044
Constellation d'Hercule
Galaxie lenticulaire
Objet céleste découvert en 1886
Objet céleste découvert par Lewis Swift

NGC 6044


El pibí gorgiblanco o pibí de garganta blanca (Contopus albogularis) es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Tyrannidae perteneciente al numeroso género Contopus. Es nativo del norte de América del Sur.

Distribución y hábitat
Se distribuye localmente en el este de Surinam, en la Guayana Francesa y en el extremo noreste de Brasil (Amapá).

Esta especie es considerada rara y local en sus hábitats naturales: el dosel y los bordes de selvas húmedas de regiones bajas, principalmente entre 400 y 500 m de altitud.

Sistemática

Descripción original
La especie C. albogularis fue descrita por primera vez por el ornitólogo francés Jacques Berlioz en 1962 bajo el nombre científico Myiochanes albogularis; su localidad tipo es: «Maripasoula, Guayana Francesa».

Etimología
El nombre genérico masculino «Contopus» se compone de las palabras del griego «kontos» que significa 'percha', y «podos» que significa 'pies'; y el nombre de la especie «albogularis», se compone de las palabras del latín «albus» que significa 'blanco', y «gularis» que significa 'de garganta'.

Taxonomía
Es monotípica.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Contopus albogularis en eBird.
 Sonidos y mapa de distribución de Contopus albogularis en xeno-canto.
 Fotos y sonidos de  piuí-queixado Contopus albogularis en Wikiaves.

albogularis
Aves de América del Sur
Animales descritos en 1962
Taxones descritos por Jacques Berlioz

Contopus albogularis


Orion, Yunan mitolojisi'nde yer alan dev bir avcı.

Hakkında anlatılan efsanelerden bulunanlar, Yunan mitolojisinin ilk dönemi hakkında spekülasyonlara neden olmuştur. Poseidon'un oğludur. Eos, ona âşık olmuştu ve Artemis de onu göğe bırakmıştı. Orion, Artemis ile birlikte avlanmak için Eos'u bıraktı ve Artemis onu okla vurdu. Çünkü Artemis'i kıskanan kardeşi Apollon, Orion denizde yüzerken uzaklaşarak kafasının bir nokta kadar göründüğü bir yere gelip Artemis'i çağırdı. Ona o noktaya kadar ok atıp atamayacağını sordu. Artemis oku attığı an bilmeden sevdiği kişiyi vurdu. Bu olaydan sonra ışığını kaybeden Artemis Zeus'a yalvararak Orion'u bir takım yıldızına dönüştürdü.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Theoi.com: Orion  (İngilizce)
Star Tales – Orion (İngilizce)

Yunan mitolojisindeki devler
Yunan mitolojisinde kişiler
Kurgusal okçular
Kurgusal avcılar

Poseidon'un çocukları

Orion (mitoloji)


محمد الناصر القليبي ولد في ديسمبر 1932 بتونس العاصمة، رسام ونحات تونسي. أقام بباريس. أقام طوال حياته الفنية معرضين شخصيين اثنين بتونس احتضنهما رواق الفنون الجميلة بتونس عامي 1968 و1970 وأقام أربعة بفرنسا وشارك هناك أيضا في تسعة معارض جماعية. وفي عام 2008 أقيم لأعماله معرض بدار الفنون بتونس.

وصلة خارجية
محمد الناصر القليبي : تجربة، تبحث لها عن بداية ونهاية

أشخاص يحتمل أن يكونوا أحياء
رسامون تونسيون
صفحات تحتاج تصنيف سنة الوفاة
مواليد 1932
نحاتون تونسيون

محمد الناصر القليبي


Hniwan (; ) ist eine Stadt in der ukrainischen Oblast Winnyzja. Sie liegt etwa 19 Kilometer südwestlich der Oblasthauptstadt Winnyzja am Südlichen Bug. Verwaltungstechnisch zählt auch das Dorf Hryschynzi () zur Stadtratsgemeinde.

Der Ort wurde 1629 zum ersten Mal schriftlich erwähnt und gehörte zunächst in der Woiwodschaft Bracław zu Polen-Litauen, 1795 kam es zum Russischen Reich und wurde verwaltungstechnisch in das Gouvernement Podolien eingegliedert. 1938 erhielt das Dorf den Status einer Siedlung städtischen Typs, seit 1981 hat Hniwan den Stadtstatus.

Mit der Eröffnung der durch den Ort führenden Eisenbahn von Kiew nach Odessa begann auch die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung der Ortschaft. Es wurde große Granitsteinbrüche angelegt, dazu kam später auch eine Zuckerfabrik sowie ein Betonwerk.

Seit 1991 ist die Stadt ein Teil der unabhängigen Ukraine.

Weblinks
 Eintrag zum Ort im Geographischen Verzeichnis des Königreichs Polen und anderer slawischer Länder

Ort in der Oblast Winnyzja
Ort am Südlichen Bug
Ersterwähnung 1629
Rajon Winnyzja

Hniwan


Friedrich Martin Josef Welwitsch (25 February 1806 – 20 October 1872) was an Austrian explorer and botanist who in Angola was the first European to describe the plant Welwitschia mirabilis. His report received wide attention among the botanists and general public, comparable only to the discovery of two other plants in the 19th century, namely Victoria amazonica and Rafflesia arnoldii.

In Angola, Welwitsch also discovered Rhipsalis baccifera, the only cactus species naturally occurring outside the New World. It was found a few years later in Sri Lanka too, which reignited the now already one-and-a-half-century-old debate on the origin of cacti in Africa and Asia. At the time, the debate concluded with the conviction of numerous authors that they were introduced and spread by migratory birds.

Among the botanists, Welwitsch is also known after his descriptions of numerous other plants, for example Cyphostemma macropus (common name: Butter Tree), Tavaresia angolensis (common name: Devil's Trumpet), Dorstenia psilurus, Sarcocaulon mossamedense, Acanthosicyos horridus, Pachypodium namaquanum and Pachypodium lealii. The earthstar fungus Geastrum welwitschii, a species he collected in Spain, is named in his honor.

Biography
Friedrich Welwitsch was born at Maria Saal (Slovene: Gospa Sveta), Duchy of Carinthia, Austrian Empire, to the wealthy family of Joseph Anton Welwich, a local judicial officer and town councillor of Salzburg, and Genovefa Mayr. The family name, which in today's Slovene spelling would be Velbič, points at Slovene ethnicity. It is known that Welwitsch's mother was a German, while his father's family was probably of Slovene origin. However, this has not been definitely proven. It is not known whether Welwitsch spoke Slovene, although he worked as a physician in a Slovene-speaking environment for two years. This was in Postojna, where he continued to develop his interest in cryptogamic flora.

Contrary to the wishes of his father, who wanted him to study law, Friedrich  Welwitsch studied medicine and botany in Vienna and worked as a physician in the Austrian provinces of Carniola and Moravia, but his interest in the plant kingdom, where he discovered a number of plants hitherto unknown, was so great that in 1839 he abandoned the medical profession altogether.

With the financial aid of a Württemberg botanical association Welwitsch travelled to Portugal where he became the director of the botanical gardens. His claim to fame came when with the further support of the Portuguese agent of the Württemberg botanical society he did research on the Canary Islands, on Madeira, and, in the interest of the Portuguese government, from 1853 in  Angola, then a Portuguese colony. There, in 1859, in the Namib Desert in the southern part of Angola he discovered Welwitschia mirabilis, a unique member of the Gnetophyta, also known as Tumboa, with a subterranean stem of 50 cm diameter that can grow up to 30 meters deep, and with only two leaves of up to 2 m long, the longest-lived leaves (1,500 to 2,000 years) in the plant kingdom. This plant, whose common name is Tree tumbo, a single species of dioecious perennial, is considered a gymnosperm, however, the relationship with other species in this group is still not clear.

After eight strenuous years of exploring and collecting, Welwitsch returned to Portugal in 1861. Because of better working conditions, he went to London in 1863. There, he worked at first at the Natural History Museum and later at the Kew Gardens, categorising and cataloguing its enormous collection. Only in the publication Sertum Angolense, he described 12 new categories and 48 new species. He left his precious collection to the London Natural History Museum. However, having financed his Angolan years, the Portuguese government claimed the estate. The case was settled only after a three-year suit: one series of his collection went to Lisbon, the second remained in London. Welwitsch was buried in the Kensal Green Cemetery where the slab over his grave reads: "Frederikus Welwitsch, M.D. – Florae angolensis investigatorum princeps – Nat. in Carinthia 5 Feb 1806 – Ob. Londini 20 Oct 1872".

Welwitsch is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of Angolan amphisbaenian, Dalophia welwitschii, and a species of African olive, Olea welwitschii.

Publications
Beiträge zur kryptogamischen Flora Unterösterreichs. In: Beiträge zur Landeskunde Österreichs, vol.4, 1834.
Synopsis Nostochinearum Austriae inferioris. PhD Thesis, Vienna, 1836.
Genera Phycearum Lusitanae. (=Actas da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa), Lisbon 1850.
Apontamentos Fito-geograficos sobre a Flora da Província de Angola na Africa Equinocial. In: Anais do Conselho do Ultramarino de oct. 1858, Lisbon 1858.
Sinopse explicativa das amostras de Madeiras e drogas medicinais (...) coligidos na provincia de Angola, e enviados a Exposição Internacional de Londres 1862. Lisbon, 1862.
Sertum Angolense. In: Transactions of the Linnean Societyvol. XXII, London 1869.
Notizen über die Bryologie von Portugal. In: Flora, 1872.

See also
  for plant species named for Welwitsch

Bibliography
Helmut Dolezal, Friedrich Welwitsch. PhD Thesis, Vienna 1953.
Helmut Dolezal, Friedrich Welwitsch. Leben und Werk. In: Portugaliae Acta Biologica (B), Vol VI (1959) 257-323 and Vol VII (1960–61) 49/324-276/551.
William Philip Hiern et al.,  Catalogue of the African Plants Collected by Dr. Friedrich Welwitsch in 1853-61. 2 parts in 3 vols. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London:  Longmans, Paul Kegan, Trübner & Co., 1896–1901.Part-Reprint: Accra, Ghana: Buck Press 2007.
Marianne Klemun, "Friedrich Welwitsch (1806-1872). (Pflanzengeograph in Kärnten, Begründer des Herbars in Portugal und Erschließer der Flora Angolas)". In: Carinthia II, 180/100 (1990), pp. 11–30.
Gustav Adolf Zwanziger, "Dr. Friedrich Welwitsch. Seine Reisen in Angola und sein Leben". In: Carinthia (Zeitschrift für Vaterlandskunde, Belehrung und Unterhaltung.) No. 9/10 (1882), pp. 219–248

Notes and references

External links

Welwitschia mirabilis NamibWeb.com
Unesco:Welwitschia Plains, Namibia
Welwitschia mirabilis University of Connecticut
 My Great Namibia: Welwitschia Photo
Kew Gardens
Enchanted Learning

19th-century Austrian botanists
Austrian mycologists
Pteridologists
1806 births
1872 deaths
Botanists active in Africa
Austrian explorers
Austrian taxonomists
Botanists with author abbreviations
Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
University of Vienna alumni
People from Klagenfurt-Land

Friedrich Welwitsch


King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror and Heroism in Colonial Africa (1998) is a best-selling popular history book by Adam Hochschild that explores the exploitation of the Congo Free State by King Leopold II of Belgium between 1885 and 1908, as well as the large-scale atrocities committed during that period. The book, also a general biography of the private life of Leopold, succeeded in increasing public awareness of these crimes in recent decades.

The book was refused by nine of the ten U.S. publishing houses to which an outline was submitted, but became an unexpected bestseller and won the prestigious Mark Lynton History Prize for literary style.  It also won the 1999 Duff Cooper Prize.  By 2013 more than 600,000 copies were in print in a dozen languages.

The book is the basis of a 2006 documentary film of the same name, directed by Pippa Scott and narrated by Don Cheadle.

Title
The title is adopted from the 1914 poem "The Congo", by Illinois poet Vachel Lindsay.  Condemning Leopold's actions, Lindsay wrote:

Listen to the yell of Leopold's ghost,
Burning in Hell for his hand-maimed host.
Hear how the demons chuckle and yell,
Cutting his hands off, down in Hell.

Content
Leopold II, King of the Belgians, privately controlled and owned the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. In 1908, the area was annexed by Belgium as a colony known as the Belgian Congo. Leopold used his personal control to strip the country of vast amounts of wealth, largely in the form of ivory and rubber. These labor-intensive industries were serviced by slave labor, and the local peoples were forced to work through various means, including torture, imprisonment, maiming and terror. Christian missionaries and a handful of human rights organizers internationally publicized these atrocities. Slowly, various nations, including the United Kingdom and the United States of America, began to object to Leopold's tyranny with the result that the country's administration was transferred to Belgium. Little changed inside the country, however, until the ivory and rubber were exhausted.

European interest in the African continent can be traced back to the late 1400s, when the European explorer Diogo Cão sailed the west coast and saw the Congo River. By the 1860s, most African coastal regions were claimed as colonies of European powers, but the vast interior of the continent remained unknown to Europeans. Henry Morton Stanley, a complicated man and renowned explorer, ventured through much of that unknown during a descent of the Congo River. Leopold II, King of the Belgians, was fascinated with obtaining a colony and focused upon claiming the interior of Africa—the only unclaimed sizable geographic area. Moving within the European political paradigm existing in the early 1880s, Leopold gained international concessions and recognition for his personal claim to the Congo Free State.

His rule of the vast region was based on tyranny and terror. Under his direction, Stanley again visited the area and extracted favorable treaties from numerous local leaders. A road and, eventually, a rail line were developed from the coast to Leopoldville (present-day Kinshasa). A series of militarized outposts were established along the length of the Congo River, and imported paddle wheelers commenced regular river service. Native peoples were forced to gather ivory and transport it for export. Beginning c. 1890, rubber—originally manufactured from coagulated sap—became economically significant in international trade. The Congo was rich in rubber-producing vines, and Leopold transitioned his exploitative focus from dwindling ivory supplies to the burgeoning rubber market. Slavery, exploitation and the reign of terror continued and even increased.

Meanwhile, early missionaries and human rights advocates such as Roger Casement, E. D. Morel, George Washington Williams, and William Henry Sheppard began to circulate news of the widespread atrocities committed in the Congo under the official blessing of Leopold's administration. Women and children were imprisoned as hostages to force husbands and fathers to work. Flogging, starvation and torture were routine. Murder was common—tribes resisting enslavement were wiped out; administration officials expected to receive back a severed human hand for every bullet issued. Rape and sexual slavery were rampant. Workers failing to secure assigned quotas of rubber were routinely mutilated or tortured. Administration officials so completely dehumanized local peoples that at least one decorated his flower garden with a border of severed human heads. News of these atrocities brought slow, but powerful, international condemnation of Leopold's administration leading, eventually, to his assignment of the country to Belgian administration.

In 1908, Belgium annexed the Congo as a colony and proclaimed a general sea-change in administrative policy. Actual change, however, was nearly imperceptible. The era of World War I shifted attention from atrocities in Africa to European trench warfare. In the post-war era, the global demand for reform was largely forgotten. However, commercial rubber tree farming had become firmly established and the collection of wild rubber became commercially insignificant, just as ivory supplies had been exhausted years earlier. Because of this, the slave labor industries of the Congo diminished in importance and atrocities became far less frequent. Finally, in 1960, the Congo gained independence.

Scholarship
Hochschild cites the research of several historians, many of them Belgian. He refers especially to Jules Marchal, formerly a Belgian colonial civil servant and diplomat who (as Hochschild describes) spent twenty years trying to break Belgian silence about the massacres. The documentation was not easy to come by; the furnaces of the palace in Brussels are said to have spent more than a week burning incriminating papers before Leopold turned over his private Congo to the Belgian nation. For many years Belgian authorities prevented access to what remained of the archives, notably the accounts given by Congolese to the King's Commission.

Although few African scholars seriously question that large numbers died in Leopold's Congo, the subject remains a touchy one in Belgium itself. The country's Royal Museum for Central Africa, founded by Leopold II, mounted a special exhibition in 2005 about the colonial Congo; in an article in the New York Review of Books, Hochschild accused the museum of distortion and evasion. Recently, however, the museum reopened after an extensive five-year renovation. Hochschild gave the results a partly favorable review.

Also in 2005, the American and British publishers of King Leopold's Ghost reissued the book with a new afterword by Hochschild in which he talks about the reactions to the book, the death toll, and events in the Congo since its publication.

Reception
Hochschild has been praised by scholars and critics for his narrative. Jeremy Harding, writing in The New York Times, called it "a model account" that showed how the human rights abuses and human rights activism that resulted became a "template for modernity". Richard F. Hamilton, writing in The Washington Post, called it an excellent book to counteract "the great forgetting" of the Congo atrocities.

Hochschild's estimate of 10 million deaths is generally considered on the high range of possibilities, but a plausible one.  Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem, a Congolese scholar whose Histoire générale du Congo was published the same year as King Leopold's Ghost, estimated the death toll in the Free State era and its aftermath at roughly 13 million (which Ndaywel è Nziem has subsequently revised downward to 10 million, the same number as Hochschild's conclusion). According to Jean Stengers, and Etienne van de Walle, Aline Désesquelles and Jacques Houdaille, the 10 million number cited by Hochschild is extrapolated from a 1924 estimation of the population and from the opinion of a 1919 Belgian government official commission that the population had been halved since 1880.

While Hochschild has said that his intention was to tell the story in "a way that brings characters alive, that brings out the moral dimension, that lays bare a great crime and a great crusade", he was criticised for his overly moralistic dimension, and former Belgian officials deplored his comparison of Leopold with Hitler and Stalin. Belgian historian Jean Stengers commented, "Terrible things happened, but Hochschild is exaggerating. It is absurd to say so many millions died." Other historians have painted a picture similar to Hochschild's of the high death toll in Leopold's Congo, among them Jan Vansina, who appeared in the documentary based on the book, and the demographer .

Hochschild was also criticized by Barbara Emerson, the author of a biography of Leopold, who described his book as "a very shoddy piece of work" and declared that "Leopold did not start a genocide. He was greedy for money and chose not to interest himself when things got out of control." Hochschild does not use the word genocide, but describes how the mass deaths happened as a result of the forced labor system instituted at Leopold's direction.

King Leopold's Ghost was specifically singled out for praise by the American Historical Association when it gave Hochschild its Theodore Roosevelt-Woodrow Wilson Award in 2008. In an article published by The American Conservative, political scientist Bruce Gilley was highly critical of the accuracy of the book.

See also
 Belgian Empire
 King Leopold's Soliloquy
 Congo Reform Association
 Congo Free State propaganda war
Congo: The Epic History of a People
 Heart of Darkness

References

Cited works

External links

 Review from the New York Times
 Interview with Adam Hochschild on AlterNet about King Leopold's Ghost
 Review from the San Francisco Chronicle

1998 non-fiction books
American biographies
History books about the Belgian Congo
Books about Leopold II of Belgium
Congo Free State
Non-fiction books adapted into films
Mariner Books books

King Leopold's Ghost


Kasper Lundberg er en dansk journalist, der er vært på radioprogrammet Den Sorte Boks på DR P3 sammen med Frederik Dirks Gottlieb. De har tidligere været værter på Stream Team på Radio 24syv og Serieland på TV2.

Radioværter fra Danmark

Kasper Lundberg


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Hajnáčka enthält die zwei nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützten Objekte in der Gemeinde Hajnáčka im Okres Rimavská Sobota.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Hajnacka


Fanzin, İngilizce FANatic ve magaZINE kelimelerinin kısaltılmasıyla oluşturulan finansal kaynaklardan ve hiyerarşik yapılardan uzak alternatif bir basılı materyaldir. Farklı yöntemlerle çoğaltılan örnekleri olmakla beraber genellikle fotokopi aracılığı ile çoğaltılarak, satış amacı güdülmeden dağıtılan yayınlardır. Dergiden (süreli yayınlardan) ayrı olarak, süresi belirsiz olarak çıkar ve daha amatörce hazırlanır.

Türkçede "Fanzin" olarak kullanılan "fanzine", genelde belirli bir konu üzerine işlenen yapıtlardan (yazı, resim, fotoğraf, karikatür vb.) oluştuğu gibi, değişik ve çeşitli konuların yapıtlarının da bir araya gelmesiyle oluşabilir. Her türlü materyal kullanılarak oluşturulabilen fanzinler tek sayfalık olabileceği gibi birbirine zımbalanmış, iğnelenmiş çok sayıda sayfadan da oluşabilir. Geleneksel olarak el yazısı, daktilo, kolaj, çizim gibi farklı elementlerden oluşur.

Türleri

Karma fanzinler
İçerik bakımından edebiyat, müzik, karikatür ve hatta güncel konulara farklı yorumlar da getiren fanzinlerdir.

Bilimkurgu Fanzinleri
Fanzin bilimkurgu edebiyatının içinde doğduğu için en büyük ve en önemli örnekleri bilimkurgu fanzinleridir. Türkçe ilk fanzin örneği de bir bilimkurgu fanzini olan Antares fanzindir. Bugün Amerika ve İngiltere gibi ülkelerde 30 yıldan fazladır devam eden birçok bilimkurgu fanzini vardır.

Müzik fanzinleri
Müzik fanzinleri ana temasını müzik kültürünün oluşturduğu fanzinlerdir. Genellikle punk, rock ya da elektronik müzik ile ilgili olan fanzinlerdir. Kimi zaman siyasi konularla da ilgili olabilmektedirler.

Edebiyat fanzinleri
Şiir, öykü ve hikâye gibi eserleri barındıran fanzin türleridir. (bkz. Aykırı)

Çizgi roman fanzinleri
Çizgi roman hakkında haber ve bilgilendirici yazılara yer veren fanzin türleridir. Sadece amatör çizgi roman fanzinleri de mevcuttur.

Politik fanzinler
Politik içerikli fanzinlerdir. Her türlü siyasi duruş ve görüş ile ilgili olabilen bu tür fanzinler, sosyalist, anarşist ve çevreci gruplar tarafından sıkça kullanılmaktadır.

Tribün fanzinleri
Taraftar tribünlerini konu alan fanzinlerdir.

İçeriksiz fanzinler
Herhangi bir belirgin içeriği olmayan, içerisinde her türlü yazı, fotoğraf, kolaj kullanılan fanzinlerdir.

Diğer tür fanzinler
Spordan, karikatüre birçok konu hakkında çıkartılan tematik fanzinler.

Değişim
Fanzinlerin geçtiğimiz yıllara kıyasla sayıları gitgide azalmaktadır. Bunun en önemli sebebi ise teknolojinin gelişmesi ve internet gibi bir platformun gelişmesi ve yaygınlaşmasıdır. Blog, e-zine gibi elektronik yayınlar gitgide popülerleşmektedir.

Fanatizm

Fanzin


بلدية ثويا (بالإسبانية: Zuya) هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة ألافا التابعة لإقليم الباسك شمال إسبانيا.

الديموغرافيا
يبلغ عدد سكان بلدية ثويا 2.424 نسمة عام 2011 (وفقاً للمعهد الوطني للإحصاء الإسباني).

مراجع

مصادر
  الموقع الرسمي لبلدية ثويا

أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة ألافا
بلديات ألافا

ثويا (ألافا)


ESO eller eso har flere betydninger:
 European Southern Observatory
 Energispareordningen
 ESO (motorcykler)

ESO


A democracia não partidária é um governo representativo que garante a realização de eleições gerais e periódicas sem a necessidade de partidos políticos. Às vezes, pode ser nocivo falar sobre reuniões eleitorais ou mesmo sobre candidatos para não prejudicar as decisões de outras pessoas ou criar uma atmosfera controversa.

Em muitos países, mesmo que o primeiro-ministro e o parlamento sejam eleitos nas eleições partidárias, o chefe de estado é apartidário. Espera-se que tais chefes de estado permaneçam neutros na política partidária. Em alguns países parlamentaristas ou semi-presidenciais, alguns presidentes são apartidários ou têm apoio de todos os partidos.

Os sistemas apartidários também podem ser de jure, o que significa que os partidos políticos estão completamente proibidos ou legalmente impedidos de participar das eleições em certos níveis de governo, ou proibidos de facto se não houver tal lei e ainda não houver partido político. A nível nacional, os sistemas não partidários de facto frequentemente representam populações muito pequenas, como em Niue, Tuvalu e Palau. Muitos países do Golfo Pérsico, incluindo Omã e Cuaite, são neutros de jure. Os legislativos desses países costumam ter apenas capacidade consultiva, pois podem comentar as leis propostas pelo Executivo, mas não podem criar leis por conta própria. Os governos nacionais não partidários às vezes são semelhantes aos estados de um partido, mas os governos do segundo tipo reconhecem explicitamente um único partido político, do qual todos os funcionários devem ser membros.

Facções em governos não partidários podem se transformar em partidos políticos, a menos que haja restrições legais aos partidos políticos. Os Estados Unidos inicialmente desaprovaram os partidos políticos, mas estes se desenvolveram logo após a independência.

Comparação com outros sistemas políticos
Um não - sistema partidário difere de um sistema de partido único em que a facção governante em um sistema de partido único se define como um partido cuja adesão pode trazer benefícios que não estão disponíveis para não-membros. Um governo de partido único muitas vezes exige que os funcionários do governo sejam membros do partido, tem uma hierarquia partidária complexa como instituição-chave do governo, força os cidadãos a aceitarem uma ideologia partidária e pode fortalecer seu controle sobre o governo proibindo todos os outros partidos. Os membros de um governo apartidário podem representar muitas ideologias diferentes. Várias nações socialistas, como Vietnã ou Cuba, são Estados de um partido, embora os membros do Parlamento não sejam eleitos como candidatos de partidos.

A democracia direta pode ser considerada apartidária porque os próprios cidadãos elegem as leis, em vez de eleger representantes. No entanto, a democracia direta pode se tornar partidária se os grupos receberem direitos ou privilégios que os não-membros não têm.

Exemplos modernos

Governos nacionais
Poucos governos nacionais são completamente neutros, mas sistemas políticos não partidários podem ser vistos em nível nacional, especialmente em países com populações pequenas. Muitos governos nacionais têm escritórios apartidários, mesmo que suas legislaturas sejam partidárias. As monarquias constitucionais têm monarcas não partidários como chefes de estado. As repúblicas parlamentaristas costumam ter presidentes não partidários, figura de proa.

Os governos sem partido são muito mais prováveis em países com populações pequenas. Por exemplo, Nauru não tem partido político; Seu parlamento consiste de membros do parlamento ou deputados totalmente independentes que formam coalizões de governo e blocos de oposição por meio de alianças de indivíduos.

Em Tuvalu, onde não existem partidos políticos, os legisladores têm laços estreitos com os eleitores da ilha e esforços estão sendo feitos para equilibrar a representação da ilha no gabinete.

Outros estados insulares não partidários são Pitcairn, Micronésia (EFM) e Palau. Essas nações têm uma população pequena e altamente dispersa.

Fontes

 Ware, Alan. Citizens, Parties and the State. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987.

Democracia
Eleições

Democracia não partidária


L'église Saint-Germain d'Auxerre  est une église romane du  modifiée au  située à Courban, en Côte-d'Or (France)

Localisation
L'église se situe sur la Grande rue au centre du village de Courban en Côte-d'Or (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté).

Histoire
Edifiée à la fin du  ou au début du  par les Templiers lors de leur installation à Épailly l'église est remaniée entre le  et le  avec adjonction du portique gothique et le renfort du clocher par des contreforts d'angles.

En 1890, la nef qui avait été prolongée d'une dizaine de mètres au  est ramenée à sa longueur initiale, le portail étant réintégré au nouveau pignon.

Architecture
L'église orientée est construite en pierre de taille et revêtement. En forme de croix latine à nef unique plafonnée en voûte d'ogives, voûtes d'arêtes et voûtes en berceau datant du , elle est présente un double transept selon une disposition fréquente en Champagne méridionale. Les toits à longs pans sont couverts de tuiles plates et d'ardoises.

Un remarquable portail gothique flamboyant en grand arc brisé est présent avec deux portes jumelles à linteaux en accolades surmontés de 3 pédicules qui portent des socles de statues. Le lourd clocher carré situé à la croisée des transepts est surmonté d'une flèche polygonale.

Le chœur quadrangulaire à fond plat percé d'une fenêtre avec une clé de voûte ornée d'un blason est caractéristique de l'art cistercien et templier. Présence d'un escalier droit dans-œuvre.

Mobilier
L'église renferme une statuaire remarquable :
Deux statues de pierre polychromes du , le Christ en majesté et le Père, représentent la sainte Trinité ; la colombe symbole du saint Esprit manque.
Deux statues de pierre polychrome du  représentent l'éducation de la Vierge  et sainte Catherine d'Alexandrie.
Deux statues de bois polychromes du  représentent les apôtres Pierre et Paul.

Outre les boiseries du sanctuaire, on note les peintures murales du  représentent des scènes de la vie de saint Jean Baptiste et dans le croisillon sud mention d'Henri IX, duc de Bavière, roi de Germanie, empereur romain 1640. Les vitraux du  et du  représentent saint Nicolas et saint François de Sales. L'église renferme également deux piscines, une à l'entrée et une autre du  dans le croisillon sud.

Notes et références

Bibliographie

Voir aussi

Liens externes

Courban Saint-Germain d'Auxerre
Patrimoine du XIIe siècle

Église Saint-Germain d'Auxerre de Courban


La Manga Club er et stort spansk ferie- og sportscenter beliggende øst for byen Cartagena, og syd for halvøen La Manga i regionen Murcia.

Hele området dækker et areal på 560 hektar, og på La Manga Club findes blandt andet ét fem-stjernet hotel, ét fire-stjernet lejlighedshotel, tre golfbaner, 28 tennisbaner, otte FIFA-godkendte fodboldbaner, deriblandt La Manga Stadium med plads til 800 tilskuere, samt 2.000 m² wellness-center.

En afdeling af golfturneringen Ladies European Tour, og fodboldturneringen La Manga Cup bliver spillet her. Mange fodboldklubber fra blandt andet Premier League, Superligaen og andre nordeuropæiske ligaer benytter ofte La Manga Club til træningslejre, ligesom nationale fodboldforbund også benytter faciliteterne til deres landshold.

Eksterne henvisninger

 La Manga Clubs officielle websted
 Owners Handbook - History of La Manga Club

Murcia (region)
Etableret i 1972
Turisme i Spanien

La Manga Club


Sol TV es un canal de televisión abierta peruano, que fue lanzado en 2003 y emite desde la ciudad de Trujillo. El canal pertenece a la familia Cruzado Saucedo.

Historia
Sus orígenes se remontan hacia el 1 de noviembre de 1985, con un primer programa radial. Posteriormente el 19 de febrero de 1991, tienen a su cargo la filial local de ATV y añaden bloques de noticias regionales. Por esta época nace también Cruzado Productores que tenía a su cargo la programación local (noticias y deportes), así se mantuvo durante toda la década de los 90.

Durante los años 2000, se termina la concesión del canal limeño y la familia Cruzado decide formar su propio canal de televisión.

El 4 de febrero de 2003, sale en señal de prueba Universal Televisión, el primer canal en señal abierta de Trujillo. Posteriormente, empieza a emitir micronoticieros cada hora y lanzan su primer programa, Consultorio en casa. Más adelante, el canal agregaría Channel Music, un bloque de programación de vídeos musicales; y un noticiario.

Durante las elecciones presidenciales y, más adelante, las elecciones regionales de 2006, Universal Televisión emite un especial de 10 horas seguidas para cubrir la contienda electoral.

En 2008, la imagen corporativa del canal es relanzada como Sol TV. En 2010, el canal adquiere nuevos equipos de transmisión.

A partir de 2012, Sol TV realiza un convenio con Willax Televisión para transmitir su programación. El 2 de noviembre del mismo año, empieza a ser distribuido a nivel nacional por Claro TV en el canal 29 como Sol TV+.

A partir de 2019, empieza a ser distribuido a nivel nacional por Movistar TV en el canal 553.

Estaciones afiliadas
Cuenta con una red de filiales en todo el norte, siendo el canal más importante en esta parte del país. Su sede principal se ubica en la ciudad de Trujillo. Su primera filial en abrir fue en Chepén en el año 2007, luego se sumaría Cajamarca, Chiclayo, Huaraz y Piura. Durante el año 2010 se une Tumbes, en 2011 la provincia de Virú en la región de La Libertad y en 2012, Pacasmayo. Durante los próximos años se unirán Chimbote, Chachapoyas, Tarapoto, Lima y Arequipa; para así consolidarse como el primer canal regional norteño con cobertura a nivel nacional.

Enlaces externos
 Página oficial de Sol Televisión

Referencias

Canales de televisión de Trujillo
Canales de televisión abierta de Latinoamérica
Canales de televisión abierta de Perú
Canales de televisión

Sol TV


Les brigands (título original en francés; título de su adaptación española, Los brigantes) es una opéra bouffe u opereta en tres actos con música de Jacques Offenbach y libreto en francés de Henri Meilhac y Ludovic Halévy. Se estrenó el 10 de diciembre de 1869 en París, en el Théâtre des Variétés, en tres actos. La versión revisada, en cuatro actos, se estrenó el 25 de diciembre de 1878 el Théâtre de la Gaîté.

La pieza logró gran éxito al tiempo que el Segundo Imperio llegaba a su fin. Sólo el estallido de la Guerra Franco-Prusiana en los meses siguientes atenuó el entusiasmo del público. La obra fue pronto popular por toda Europa y más allá: se produjo en Viena, Amberes, Praga, Estocolmo, Berlín, Madrid y Budapest en 1870, y en la ciudad de Nueva York en la Grand Opera House en 1870-71.

La adaptación española a cargo de Salvador María Granés se estrenó en el Teatro de la Zarzuela de Madrid el 15 de septiembre de 1870; el 12 de octubre de ese mismo año el propio Jacques Offenbach, de visita en la capital española, la reestrenó dirigiéndola desde el foso.

Esta obra rara vez se representa en la actualidad; en las estadísticas de Operabase aparece con sólo 4 representaciones en el período 2005-2010.

Personajes

Libreto
Libreto original (Wikisource en francés)

Grabaciones
Esta obra se ha grabado en varias ocasiones:

John Eliot Gardiner grabó la versión en tres actos con coro y orquesta de la Opéra de Lyon para la EMI en 1988 (CD 7 49830 2).
La versión inglesa de Gilbert fue grabada por la Ohio Light Opera en 2004, Albany Records, ASIN: B00022FWVS.
Hay una versión en alemán de Ernst Dohm, Die Banditen, que se grabó y se lanzó en 2002 en el sello Capriccio, Catalog: 60090.  Director, Pinchas Steinberg.

Referencias
Notas

Fuentes
Amadeus Almanac, acceso 26 de octubre de 2008
Sinopsis, personajes y otros datos sobre la opereta (en inglés)
Introducción, sinopsis y más información (en francés)
Perfil de la opereta
Adams, William Davenport.  A Dictionary of the Drama, Chatto & Windus (1904)
Crowther, Andrew.  "The Brigands" in W.S. Gilbert Society Journal, Ed. Brian Jones, Vol. 2, No. 16: Winter 2004, pp. 508-09
Perfil de la opereta en Allmusic
Licencia

Enlaces externos

Partitura vocal (traducción de W. S. Gilbert)

Óperas de Jacques Offenbach
Óperas en francés
Opéras bouffes
Operetas
Óperas de 1860
Óperas estrenadas en París

Les brigands


An Hierochloe rariflora in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Joseph Dalton Hooker. An Hierochloe rariflora in nahilalakip ha genus nga Hierochloe, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Hierochloe

Hierochloe rariflora


Diese Liste gibt den Fortschreibungsstand vom 15. April 2020 wieder und enthält 7 Baudenkmäler.

Baudenkmäler

|}

Siehe auch
 Liste der Bodendenkmäler in Albertshofen

Anmerkungen

Literatur

Weblinks

 In dieser [ Kartenansicht] sind Baudenkmäler ohne Koordinaten mit einem roten bzw. orangen Marker dargestellt und können in der Karte gesetzt werden. Baudenkmäler ohne Bild sind mit einem blauen bzw. roten Marker gekennzeichnet, Baudenkmäler mit Bild mit einem grünen bzw. orangen Marker.

Albertshofen
!

Liste der Baudenkmäler in Albertshofen


Crkva sv. Nikole Biskupa i kurija župnog dvora su građevine u naselju Lipa koje se nalazi općini Generalski Stol, zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
Sklop crkve i kurije župnog dvora skladna je i stilski ujednačena arhitektonska cjelina izvanrednog smještaja na uzvisini uz rijeku Dobru i u blizini kurije Lipa. Crkva je jednobrodna, pravokutnog tlocrta, s poligonalnim svetištem, sakristijom južno uz svetište i lađe te zvonikom iznad glavnog pročelja. Inventar čine neostilski glavni te dva bočna oltara iz 1900. g. i kamena krstionica iz 1769. g. Župa u Lipi se spominje 1334. g. U provali Turaka postojeća crkva je stradala te je nova sagrađena 1743.g. te u izvedbi graditelja Antuna Stiedla dograđena 1848. Kurija župnog dvora sagrađena je 1842.g. kao jednokatnica pravokutnog tlocrta, jednostavnog vanjskog oblikovanja.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-5677 zaveden je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro – pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralno-profana graditeljska baštine".

Izvori

Crkve u Hrvatskoj
Zaštićeni sakralni kompleksi u Karlovačkoj županiji
Lipa

Crkva sv. Nikole Biskupa i kurija župnog dvora u Lipi (Generalski Stol)


Just Dance Wii es el nombre de la edición japonesa de la serie de videojuegos para Wii Just Dance. Esta edición fue publicada y editada por Nintendo, pero desarrollada por Ubisoft Paris, incluye una lista de las canciones más populares de J-Pop para atraer al público japonés, también cuenta con las canciones occidentales más populares de Just Dance 2, una canción de Just Dance 2 Extra Songs y dos canciones del primer Just Dance. Esta versión está basada en Just Dance 2. Todas las características, tales como "Just Sweat", "Medley" y "Non-Stop Shuffle" están presentes, con excepción de la tienda en línea. Fue lanzado en Japón el 13 de octubre de 2011.

Lista de canciones

 "*" indica que esta canción es un cover, no es original.
 "(D)" indica que la canción se desbloquea al haber bailado todas las canciones del juego.

Véase también
 Just Dance
 Just Dance 2
 Just Dance 3
 Just Dance Kids
 Just Dance (serie)
 Ubisoft

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página oficial de Just Dance (japonés)

Just Dance
Videojuegos de Ubisoft
Videojuegos de 2011
Videojuegos de música
Videojuegos para Wii

Just Dance Wii


Apokalipsa je bio hrvatski rock sastav iz Splita.

Povijest
Sastav je osnovan sredinom 1980-ih. Snimili su jedan studijski album Ljubav za bol, bol za bol koji je objavila Suzy. Snimljen je u studiju Tetrapaku kod Ivice Čovića - Pipe. Skladbe je aranžirao Željko Brodarić - Jappa, pozadinski vokal otpjevala je Dragica Brodarić, stihove je napisao Joško Mekinić. Giuliano Đanić (vokal) i Željko Brodarić su napisali glazbu, a Giuliano je i tekstopisac. Gitarske dionice odsvirao je brat Željka Brodarića Zlatko. Apokalipsa je drugi Giulianov sastav, poslije Kleopatre.

Članovi sastava
Članovi sastava:

Giuliano Đanić - vokal
Zlatko Brodarić - gitara

Diskografija

 Ljubav za bol, bol za bol, Suzy, 1991.

Izvori

(): Apokalipsa - Ljubav za bol, bol za bol , Discogs. Pristupljeno 30. siječnja 2019. (eng.)

(): Giuliano, Croatia Records. Pristupljeno 30. siječnja 2019.

Vanjske poveznice

Discogs (eng.)

Hrvatski rock-sastavi
Splitski glazbeni sastavi

Apokalipsa (glazbeni sastav, Split)


الوحش شخصية مذكورة في سفر رؤيا يوحنا آخر سفر في العهد الجديد. يصف السفر وحشين في الأصحاح 13، يخرج الأول من البحر بسبعة رؤوس وعشرة قرون، أما الوحش الثاني فيخرج من الأرض ويبدو كخروف صغير ويتكلم كتنين، وهو يتصرف بسلطة الوحش الأول ويرغم سكان الأرض على صنع صورة للوحش الأول وعبادته، ويحيي الصورة كي تتكلم وتقتل أي شخص لا يعبد الوحش الأول. يسمى الوحش الثاني النبي الكاذب، ويشكل مع الوحش الأول والتنين ما يسمى الثالوث غير المقدس.

مراجع

أشياء وكائنات خيالية
جدالات متعلقة بالكتاب المقدس
سفر رؤيا يوحنا
شياطين في المسيحية
علم الأعداد
كلمات وعبارات من العهد الجديد

وحش الكتاب المقدس


O enamină este un compus nesaturat obținut prin condensarea unei aldehide sau cetone cu o amină secundară. Enaminele sunt intermediari versatili.

Cuvântul "enamină" este derivat de la afixul en-, folosit ca și sufix pentru alchene, și de la rădăcina amină. Acest lucru poate fi comparat cu enolul, care este o grupă funcțională care conține atât alchene (en-), cât și alcool (-ol). Enaminele sunt considerate a fi analogii cu azot ai enolilor.

Reacții

Vezi și

Referințe

Grupe funcționale
Amine

Enamină


An Cynosurus polybracteatus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jean Louis Marie Poiret. An Cynosurus polybracteatus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Cynosurus, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Algeria. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Cynosurus

Cynosurus polybracteatus


بلدية ريبولار ، هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة قصرش والتي تقع في منطقة إكستريمادورا، غرب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 240 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2002).

مراجع

بلديات قصرش

ريبولار


උපතින් සුබ්‍රමනියම් ශිවනායි නම්වූ මැය තමිලිනී නමින් එ.ටී.ටී.ඊ. ත්‍රස්ථවාදී සංවිධානයේ සාමාජිකාවක් වූවාය. පසුව ඇය එහි දේශපාලන අංශයේ නායිකාව බවට පත්විය.

මූලාශ්‍ර
 තමිලිනී ගෙදර

පුනුරුත්ථාපනය කල එල්.ටී.ටී.ඊ. නායකයෝ

තමිලිනී


NK Tramošnica, bosanskohercegovački nogometni klub
 Donja Tramošnica, naseljeno mjesto, entitetskom linijom podijeljeno između općine Pelagićevo, Republika Srpska i općine Gradačac, Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine, BiH.
 Gornja Tramošnica, naseljeno mjesto, entitetskom linijom podijeljeno između općine Pelagićevo, Republika Srpska i općine Gradačac, Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine, BiH.

Tramošnica


Atkinson-Stiglitz-teoremet er et resultat indenfor økonomisk skatteteori. Det siger, at hvis nyttefunktionen er separabel mellem lønarbejde (eller alternativt dets modstykke fritid) og alle forbrugsvarer, er det unødvendigt at anvende indirekte skatter for at få et optimalt skattesystem, forudsat at regeringen kan anvende en ikke-lineær (f.eks. progressiv) indkomstskat. Resultatet blev offentliggjort i en skelsættende artikel af Joseph Stiglitz og Anthony Atkinson i 1976.

Atkinson-Stiglitz-teoremet anses generelt for at være et af de vigtigste teoretiske resultater indenfor offentlig økonomi og har givet anledning til en omfattende litteratur, der nærmere har afgrænset, under hvilke betingelser sætningen er korrekt, f.eks. Saez (2002), der viste, at Atkinson–Stiglitz-resultatet ikke holder, hvis husholdningerne har heterogene snarere end homogene præferencer.

I praksis er Atkinson–Stiglitz-teoremet ofte blevet brugt i debatten om optimal kapitalindkomstbeskatning: Fordi en kapitalindkomstskat kan fortolkes som en beskatning af fremtidigt forbrug, der overstiger beskatningen af nuværende forbrug, siger resultatet i så fald, at en regering bør afholde sig fra kapitalindkomstbeskatning, hvis ikke-lineær beskatning af arbejdsindkomst er en mulighed. Ifølge teoremet vil kapitalindkomstbeskatning, da ikke give nogle fordelingsmæssige fordele, i forhold til den ikke-lineære skat på arbejdsindkomst, men blot medføre en ekstra forvridning af opsparingsbeslutningen.

Henvisninger

Skatteteori

Atkinson-Stiglitz-teoremet


Područje Donje Rajne ili Niederrhein je područje oko donjeg toka rijeke Rajne u Sjevernoj Rajni-Vestfaliji, Njemačka, između otprilike Oberhausena i Krefelda na istoku i nizozemske granice kod okruga Kleve na Zapadu. Budući da se regija može definirati geografski, jezično, kulturno ili politički, ekonomskim i prometnim odnosima tijekom stoljeća, kao i novijim političkim podjelama, njezine precizne granice su sporne i povremeno se mogu vidjeti da se protežu izvan granica Nizozemske. Ipak, iako se nizozemska polovica zemljopisnog područja Donje Rajne naziva Nederrijn na nizozemskom, to je zaseban prostor od susjedne njemačke regije Donje Rajne (Niederrhein), iako su oba imena istog značenja.

Kulturna poveznica njemačke regije Donja Rajna je njen donjefrankonski jezik, točnije kleverlandski dijalekt (nizozemski: Kleverlands, njemački: Kleverländisch), koji je usko povezan s nizozemskim južno gvelderskim dijalektom preko granice i istočno berskim na jugoistoku. U južnom dijelu regije govori se donjebergski, koji je najistočniji dijalekt limburgskog. Ostale tipičnosti ovog kraja su i pretežno katolička pozadina, kao i rajnska karnevalska tradicija.

Područje u osnovi obuhvaća okruge Kleve, Wesel, Viersen i Neuss, kao i neovisne gradove Duisburg, Mönchengladbach i Krefeld. Ponekad se gradovi Oberhausen i Düsseldorf također smatraju dijelom regije Donje Rajne.

Krajolik Donje Rajne je uglavnom ravničarsko travnato zelenilo sa širokim pogledom na horizont. Znamenitosti uključuju povijesne gradske četvrti gradova Kleve i Xanten, kao i rimski arheološki muzej, dvorac "Schloss Moyland" u Bedburgu-Hau ili katoličko hodočasničko mjesto Kevelaer.

Izvori

Zemljopis Njemačke

Donja Rajna (njemačka regija)