est une chanson du groupe de rock britannique The Rolling Stones parue en single double-face A avec Rough Justice le 22 août 2005 peu de temps avant la sortie de l'album A Bigger Bang dont elle est extraite.

Description
, une ballade puissante avec un arrangement à base de guitare et un refrain en falsetto, a reçu une très forte promotion commerciale, bien qu'elle n'ait pas réussi à devenir un grand succès aux États-Unis. En revanche, il est devenu numéro un en Espagne, dans le top 10 en Argentine, en Belgique, au Danemark, en Finlande, aux Pays-Bas et en Suède, et dans le top 20 en Allemagne, en Grèce, en Italie et en Norvège. C'était également un top 20 au Royaume-Uni (où il est sorti en double face A avec Rough Justice), atteignant la quinzième place dans le classement single, quelque 42 ans après leur premier single britannique Come On.

Le clip de la chanson a été tournée dans une boite de nuit à Ottawa appelée Zaphod Beeblebrox (en référence à un personnage dans Le guide du voyageur galactique), et l'acteur canadien Tan Arcade y joue dedans.

 est l'une des rares chansons des Rolling Stones (avec notamment Start Me Up, You Can't Always Get What You Want et She's a Rainbow) autorisées à être utilisées dans les publicités. On l'entend dans une publicité télévisuelle pour le fournisseur de téléphonie mobile Vodafone Italia, dans laquelle apparaît également la mannequin emblématique de l'entreprise, Megan Gale. Elle apparait également dans plusieurs épisodes de Des jours et des vies.

La chanson est interprétée en concert pour la première fois le 11 juillet 2006 à San Siro à Milan, Italie.

Personnel

 Mick Jagger : chant, guitare rythmique électrique
 Keith Richards : guitare acoustique
 Ron Wood : guitare électrique solo
 Charlie Watts : batterie
 Darryl Jones : basse
 Chuck Leavell : piano et orgue
 Matt Clifford : piano, orgue, cordes et programmation

Classements

Références

Single musical sorti en 2005
Chanson de 2005
Chanson interprétée par les Rolling Stones
Chanson écrite par Jagger/Richards
Chanson produite par Don Was
Single numéro un en Espagne

Streets of Love


Yusuke Tanahashi (født 9. april 1987) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Kataller Toyama.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Yusuke Tanahashi


Castelfranco Veneto er en by og en kommune i Veneto i provinsen Treviso i det nordlige Italien. Den ligger omkring 30 km fra byen Treviso og omkring 40 km inde i landet fra Venedig.

Stiga har sit hovedkvarter i byen.

Historie
Byen er bygget omkring en borg, der blev opført under en strid med Padova omkring 1195. I 1246 blev den erobret af Ezzelino 3. da Romano, og den overgik til Treviso efter hans død i 1259. I 1329 blev overgik byen til Cangrande 1. della Scala, herre over Verona. 10 år senere overgik den til Republikken Venedig sammen med Treviso, som den var en del af frem til 1797. Castelfrancos historie har siden fulgt Venetos.

Transport
Castelfranco Veneto Jernbanestation åbnede i 1877. Her mødes de tre jernbanelinjer Trento–Venice jernbane, the Vicenza–Treviso jernbane og Calalzo–Padua jernbane. Det er en af de mest befærdede jernbanestationer i Veneto.

Kultur
Den gamle del af byen er firkantet og omkranset af en bymur fra middelalderen, der har flere tårne. Den er opført i 1211 af Trevisos indbyggere.

Castelfranco Veneto var fødestede for maleren Giorgione, og katedralen fra 1723 indeholder nogle af hans fineste arbejde; Madonna with St. Francis and Liberalis (1504), ofte kaldet Pala del Giorgione. Maleriet blev restaureret i Venedig, men kom tilabge til katedralen i 2005. Selve katedralen er tegnet af Francesco Maria Preti, og den er opført over en tidligere romansk kirke. Den indeholder bl.a. syv fragmenter af vægmalerier af Paolo Veronese.

Berømte bysbørn
Tina Anselmi (1927-2016), prominent medlem af Den italienske mostandsbevægelse, senere politiker og første kvinde der fik en ministerpost i Italien
Paola Drigo (1876–1938), forfatter
Francesco Guidolin (born 1955), fodboldtræner
Giorgione (1477–1510), maler
Agostino Steffani (1655–1728), katolsk biskop, diplomat og komponist
Francesco Maria Preti (1701-1774), arkitekt

Venskabsbyer
 Guelph, Canada

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Byer i Veneto

Castelfranco Veneto


ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ජනගහනයෙන් 9.3% ක් සමන්විතවන සහ 3 වන විශාලතම ජනවර්ගය යෝනක වන අතර ඔවුන් ශ්‍රී ලාංකික යෝනක  ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.

අාරම්භය
දකුණු ඉන්දියානු සහ කේරල ප්‍රාන්ත වල සිටි මාප්පිල්ල මුස්ලිම්වරුන් සහ දමිළ මුස්ලිම් වරුන්ගෙන් පැවතෙන්නා  ජනවර්ගයක්.සුළු පිරිසක් මෙහි ස්වදේශ කාන්තාවන් අරාබි පිරිමි සමග විවාහ වීමෙන් ඇති වූවන්.ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුල අවුරුදු එක්දාහසකට වැඩි ප්‍රමාණයක් ඉතිහාසයක් තිබෙන ජන කොට්ටංශයක්.

වර්ධනය

ශ්‍රී ලාංකික මරක්කල


The Alberta Party (formally the Alberta Party Political Association from 1998 to 2004) is a political party in the province of Alberta, Canada. The party describes itself as centrist and pragmatic in that it is not dogmatically ideological in its approach to politics.

History

Early history
The Alberta Party began in the early 1980s as an alliance of small separatist political parties. The right side of Alberta's political spectrum was fragmented by parties spawned in the wake of the National Energy Program and feelings that Premier Peter Lougheed had done little to prevent the economic collapse they believe it had caused. Some of these parties had already achieved some small success in attaining seats in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, though in the 1982 general election Social Credit, the Alberta Reform Movement and the Western Canada Concept lost their representation in the Legislature. The Heritage Party of Alberta, Representative Party of Alberta and the Confederation of Regions had been founded in the preceding years, which made for a total of five parties to the right of the Progressive Conservatives in 1985.

On October 30, 1990, this alliance of parties gave way to the creation of a new political party, the Alliance Party of Alberta. This change marked a transition away from trying to build a coalition of parties to full participation in electoral politics. The party participated in two by-elections, and fielded a handful of candidates in the 1993 general election but received only a small percentage of the popular vote in each case. The party did not contest the 1997 provincial election.

In 1998, the Alliance Party followed the example of the Saskatchewan Party and the Manitoba Party by changing its name to the Alberta Party Political Association, or the Alberta Party for short.

Shortly before the 2004 election, the Alberta Party attempted to merge with the Alberta Alliance Party (a different organization from the old Alliance Party of Alberta). The merged party would have adopted the Alberta Party platform, and the Alberta Party provincial council would have had seats on the Alberta Alliance Provincial Council. The deal fell through because the Alberta Party would not agree to de-register the Alberta Party name with Elections Alberta. On October 1, 2004, shortly before the general election, the party shortened its registered name to "Alberta Party" from "the Alberta Party Political Association".

In the 2004 provincial election, the party nominated candidates in four ridings, winning a total of 2,485 votes, or 0.3% of the provincial total. The party fielded one candidate, Margaret Saunter, for the March 3 2008 provincial election. Saunter placed last out of a field of six candidates in Edmonton-Centre.

Ideological shift and party renewal

After the rise of the Wildrose Alliance as Alberta's main right-wing alternative to the governing Progressive Conservatives, the right-wing members of the Alberta Party left to join that party. This left a small group of centrists in control of the party. In 2009, former Alberta Greens deputy leader Edwin Erickson, who had been organizing a new "Progress Party", was invited to run as a leadership candidate for the Alberta Party and won by acclamation. In 2010 the Alberta Party board voted to merge with Renew Alberta, a progressive and centrist group that had been organizing to form a new political party.

During the merger process, the party's board agreed to suspend its old policy platform and start anew. To create a new platform different from its more right-wing history, in 2010 the party launched a campaign called "The Big Listen" in order to canvass the public for new policy ideas. The party held its first policy convention on November 13 and 14, 2010 to develop substantive policies from the ideas heard during "The Big Listen". At the convention, Erickson stepped down to make way for an acting leader until a leadership contest could be held. A first set of policies was released on November 23, 2010, to coincide with the announcement of the appointment of an acting leader, Sue Huff. These policies centred on five key areas: economy, health, environment, democratic renewal, and education. On January 24, 2011, former Liberal MLA Dave Taylor announced he was joining the Alberta Party, becoming the party's first MLA.

2011 leadership election

The party announced in January 2011 that a leadership convention would be held in Edmonton on May 28, 2011. Four candidates contested the leadership of the party: Glenn Taylor, mayor of Hinton; Tammy Maloney, a social entrepreneur; businessman Randy Royer; and Lee Easton, chair of the English program at Mount Royal University. Chris Tesarski, CEO of Sandbox Energy Corporation, was also a candidate early in the contest, but on April 15 announced he would not seek the party's leadership, citing disagreements with some aspects of the party's philosophy and some party members' attitudes towards his candidacy. Dave Taylor, the party's only MLA, was also expected to run for the leadership, but did not join the campaign. At the convention, the election was decided on the first ballot when Glenn Taylor won just over 55% of the votes.

2012 Alberta general election
The party nominated 38 candidates to run in the 28th Alberta general election. None were elected.

2013 leadership election
After Glenn Taylor stepped down on September 22, 2012, the party remained without a leader for some months. On May 29, 2013, the party announced that it would be holding a leadership vote to coincide with its Annual General Meeting on September 21, 2013, in Edmonton. Entrepreneur and 2012 Calgary-Elbow election candidate Greg Clark, and self-employed consultant and 2012 Calgary-North West candidate Troy Millington, sought the leadership. Clark won the election, receiving 87% of the 337 votes cast.

2018 leadership election

A leadership election was triggered when Greg Clark stepped down as leader on November 18, 2017. The election was held on February 27, 2018, after originally being scheduled to be on February 7. Stephen Mandel became the new leader of the party after achieving 66% of the vote.

Floor Crossings
On October 30, 2017, it was announced that former NDP MLA Karen McPherson who had left the Government Caucus earlier in the month would cross to join the Alberta Party as their third ever, and second current MLA. McPherson cited the need to make transformative change in healthcare and management of the economy, as well as the feeling that she could better advocate for her constituents and use her skills and abilities better in the Alberta Party.

In January 2018, former UCP MLA Rick Fraser announced that he would be joining the Alberta Party and running for its leadership race that had been triggered when Greg Clark stepped down. Fraser cited the divisive politics of the UCP for his departure, and the need to find "common sense policies" that "don't divide Albertans, but rather bring them closer together."

Fraser's joining of the Alberta Party tripled the caucus size from the results of the 2015 general election, leaving the Alberta Party as the third largest representation in the Legislature.

2019 Alberta general election

The Alberta Party ran a full slate of candidates for the first time. Although the party gained 9.09% of the popular vote, an increase from 2.29% in 2015, it lost all three ridings it held going into the election and won no seats in the Legislature.

2021 leadership election
On June 30, 2019, Stephen Mandel resigned as leader of the Alberta Party. Former PC MLA Jacquie Fenske became the interim leader on February 10, 2020. The Party announced a leadership contest, with a new leader to be elected on October 23, 2021. As only one candidate submitted a valid application by the close of nominations on August 31, 2021, Barry Morishita was acclaimed as leader.

Ideology
For most of its history the Alberta Party was a right-wing organization, until the rise of the Wildrose Alliance as Alberta's main conservative alternative to the governing Progressive Conservatives attracted away the Alberta Party's more conservative members. This left a small rump of comparatively less conservative members in control of the Alberta Party. In 2010, the Alberta Party board voted to merge with Renew Alberta, a progressive group that had been organizing to form a new political party in Alberta. The Alberta Party thus shed its conservative past for a more centrist political outlook. The party has been cited in The Globe and Mail and The Economist as part of the break in one-party politics in Alberta, with the Economist calling it "a split in Canada's most powerful right-wing political machine."

Leaders

Election results

By-elections

Notes

References

External links
 Alberta Party website

Organizations based in Edmonton
Political parties established in 1985
Provincial political parties in Alberta
1985 establishments in Alberta
Centrist parties in Canada
Social liberal parties
Populist parties

Alberta Party


Advance and Vanquish drugi je studijski album kanadskog heavy metal sastava 3 Inches of Blood. Album je objavljen 28. rujna 2004. godine, a objavila ga je diskografska kuća Roadrunner Records.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje
3 Inches of Blood
Cam Pipes – čisti vokali
Jamie Hooper – vrišteći vokali
Sunny Dhak – glavna gitara
Bobby Froese – ritam gitara
Brian Redman – bas-gitara
Matt Wood – bubnjevi
Ostalo osoblje
Neil Kernon – produciranje, inženjering
Laurent Bischara – inženjering
Ugo Oraneso – inženjering
Colin Richardson – miksanje
Dan Turner – pomoćnik miksera
U.E. Nastasi – mastering
Ed Repka – omot albuma
Nico Berry – dizajn

Izvori

Albumi sastava 3 Inches of Blood
Albumi iz 2004.

Advance and Vanquish


Violturako () er en turakoart.

Violturakoer lever i Vestafrika i et meget stort område fra Senegal til Nigeria, samt i en isoleret bestand mellem Tchad og Den Centralafrikanske Republik. Den foretrækker tropiske savanner, vådområder og skove. IUCN kategoriserer arten som ikke truet.

Noter
 Avibase - the world bird database

Eksterne henvisninger

Fugle fra Vestafrika
Turakoer

Violturako


El limán Ajtanízovski (, del turco ajteniz, «mar blanco») es un limán del delta del Kubán, localizado en la parte septentrional de la península de Taman, en la costa del mar de Azov del sur de Rusia. Administrativamente, pertenece al raión de Temriuk del krai de Krasnodar y, con 78 km² , es el mayor depósito de agua dulce del krai.

Al este de la marisma se halla la stanitsa Ajtanízovskaya, al sur se hallan los montes de Starotítarovskaya, cortados por numerosos arroyos y barrancos. Al oeste se eleva el monte Borisoglebskaya, mientras que al norte se halla el butte Golubitski que cae verticalmente sobre la marisma y a cuyos pies se halla su única salida al mar de Azov. A principios del  la marisma era una bahía cerrada salada unida únicamente al mar de Azov, sin embargo, en 1819 los habitantes de Starotítarovskaya y los de Temriukskaya lo unieron al río Kubán con el objeto de desalarla. Gracias al aflujo de agua dulce cambió la fauna de la marisma, que se ha convertido en una incubadora natural para peces como el esturión, principalmente, y ha adquirido gran fama como lugar para la práctica de la pesca.

Enlaces externos
 Diccionario de nombres geográficos del krai de Krasnodar .
 I. P. Lotyshov. Geografía del Kubán. Diccionario Enciclopédico .

Ajtanizovski
Geografía del krai de Krasnodar
Mar de Azov

Limán Ajtanízovski


An Serapias rainei in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni E.G.Camus. An Serapias rainei in nahilalakip ha genus nga Serapias, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Serapias

Serapias rainei


Nara su etnička skupina koja naseljava jugozapadnu Eritreju.

Prema eritrejskoj vladi, Nara su potomci prvih nilo-saharskih doseljenika u Eritreji, koji su migrirali s područja Gornjeg Nila i pomiješali se kroz bračne veze s lokalnim pigmejskim stanovništvom.

Danas Nara Ima oko 108 000, jedna su od najmanjih etničkih grupa na Afričkom rogu., a čine oko 1,5% stanovništva Eritreje.

Njihovo je područje smješteno sjeverno od područja Kunama, u zapadnim dijelovima doline Barka, uz granicu sa Sudanom.

Populacija Nara podijeljena je u četiri podplemena: Higir, Mogareb, Koyta i Santora.

Etnonim Nara znači "Nebesko utočište". Nekad su se nazivali i Barya.

Gospodarstvo
Uglavnom su poljoprivrednici, korisnici državnih poticaja.

Religija
Nara su se tradicionalno su držali animističkih uvjerenja. Nakon egipatske okupacije u 19. stoljeću, većina Nara usvojila je islam . Manjina također slijedi kršćanstvo.

Jezik
Narod Nara govori jezik Nara. Kroz kontakt sa susjednim etničkim grupama koje govore Afroazijske jezike, mnogi Nara su dvojezični u Tigreu i/ili arapskom. Nara nisu imali svoj sustav pisanja, a nekoliko postojećih djela u Nara jeziku nastalo je transkribiranjem u druga pisma, tigre ili arapsko.

Društvena organizacija
Društvena organizacija naroda Nara temelji se na klanu i subklanu, a ljudi žive u selima i zaseocima. Obiteljski sustav je patrilinealan, za razliku od naroda Kuname. Zemljište pripada klanu i dijeli se među obiteljima u klanu.

Genetika
Prema Trombetta et al. (2015), 60% Nare su nositelji E1b1b očinske haplogrupe. Od tog broja, oko 13% nose V32 podkladu, kojoj pripada 60% Tigre semitskih govornika u Eritreji. To ukazuje na značajan protok gena iz susjednih muškaraca koji govore afro-azijski jezik u zajednicu predaka Nare. Cruciani rt al. (2010) također su primijetili da su preostale osobe iz Nare primarno nositelji afro-azijske haplogrupe J (20%), kao i linije A (20%), koja je uobičajena među Nilotima.

Izvori

Etničke grupe Eritreje

Nara (narod)


Kinderode ist ein Weiler von Bleicherode im Landkreis Nordhausen in Thüringen.

Lage
Der Weiler liegt an der Wipper, westlich von Nohra in ländlicher Umgegend. Die Bundesautobahn 38 führt nordwestlich an und in der Gemarkung vorbei. Südöstlich befindet sich der Nachbarweiler Hünstein und weiter östlich Wollersleben.

Geschichte
Am 29. Dezember 1133 wurde Kinderode erstmals in einem Urkundenbuch in Naumburg genannt.

Im Weiler befindet sich das Krematorium Südharz.

Einst zweigte östlich von Kinderode der Nohraer Mühlgraben von der Wipper ab.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Geographie (Bleicherode)
Ort im Landkreis Nordhausen
Ersterwähnung 1133

Kinderode


Nantes
 Nantes'deki FC Nantes (Futbol takımı)
 Nantes, São Paulo, Brezilya'daki bir şehir

Nantes (anlam ayrımı)


Uncia (în latină uncia, plural unciae) a fost o monedă romană în valoare de 1/12 a unui as.

Etimologie
Cuvântul românesc uncie este un împrumut din : "a douăsprezecea parte dintr-un întreg."

Uncia republicană

Uncia  era o monedă din  bronz din Roma Antică, cu valoarea de a douăsprezecea parte dintr-un as, emisă de Republica Romană și de alte populații din Italia antică.

Uncia avea greutatea teoretică de circa 27 de grame în standardul libral și era produsă doar ocazional încă de la începutul  emiterii de monede romane turnate din bronz.

În emisiunile monetare romane directe tipurile folosite au fost: un os (circa 289-245 î.Hr.), un bob de grâu (circa 280-245 î.Hr.), capul cu cască al zeiței Roma (de la circa 240 î.Hr.). Semnul indicator al valorii era o globulă.

Uncia imperială
În Imperiul Roman uncia a fost reașezată în uz, pentru o scurtă perioadă, de Traian (98-117) și  de Hadrian (117-138). Moneda avea un diametru de 11–14 mm și cântărea circa 0,8-1,2 grame. Prezenta capul împăratului pe avers, fără nicio inscripție (anepigraf), iar pe revers, SC ("Senatus Consulto"), într-o cunună.

Note

Bibliografie
 G. Guțu, Dicționar latin - român, Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1983
 Ioan Oprea, Carmen-Gabriela Pamfil, Rodica Radu, Victoria Zăstroiu, Noul dicționar universal al limbii române, Ediția a doua, Editura Litera Internațional, București - Chișinău, 2007 ISBN 978-973-675-307-7

Vezi și
Roma
 Roma (zeiță)
Monedă romană
Atelier monetar roman

Monede romane
Numismatică
Economia Romei antice
Foste unități monetare

Uncie (monedă)


1975 Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması, 20. Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması'dır. Yarışma 1974 yarışması'nı kazanmasından dolayı 22 Mart 1975 tarihinde İsveç'in başkenti Stockholm'de bulunan Stockholmsmässan'da yapılmıştır. Yarışmanın sunuculuğunu Karin Falck yapmıştır. İsveç ilk defa yarışmaya ev sahipliği yapmıştır.

Yarışmanın kazananı 'yı temsil eden "Ding-A-Dong" adlı şarkısıyla Teach-In olmuştur. Hollanda yarışmayı dördüncü kez kazanmıştır.

Yer

Yarışma, ülkenin kültürel, medya, siyasi ve ekonomik merkezlerinden biri olan ve İskandinavya'daki en kalabalık şehir alanlarından biri olan İsveç'in başkenti ve en büyük şehri olan Stockholm'de gerçekleşti.

Yarışma mekanı Stockholmsmässan (ya da Türkçe Stockholm Uluslararası Fuar Merkezi) idi. Ana bina, Stokholm Belediyesi'nin güneyindeki bir banliyö olan Älvsjö'dedir. 1971 yılında inşa edilmiş ve 4.000 kişilik kapasitededir.

Format
Bu yıl yeni bir puanlama sistemi uygulandı. Her ülke en az yarısı 26 yaşın altında olmak zorunda olan 11 üyeden oluşan bir jüri tarafından temsil edilecek. Her jüri üyesi her şarkıya 1 ila 5 puan arasında bir puan vermek zorunda kaldı, ancak kendi ülkelerine oylarına oy veremedi. Oylama, şarkının performansından hemen sonra alındı. Son şarkı performansını sergiledikten sonra jüri sekreteri, kullanılan tüm oyları topladı ve en yüksek puan alana 12, ikinci en yüksek puana 10, üçüncü en yüksek puana 8, dördüncü en yüksek puana 7 veridli ve böylece 10. sırada yer alan şarkı için 1 puana dek sıralama yapıldı. Jüri sözcüsü yarışımanın sunucusu tarafından çağrıldığında şarkıların sunulduğu sırayla on favori şarkısını açıkladı. Ev sahibi Karin Falck birkaç kez yeni sistemi "Fransa'da yedi kaç" Gibi sorularla karıştırdı. Bugünün aksine, puanlar sırasıyla (1'den 12'ye kadar) verilmemiştir, ama sırayla şarkılar çalınmıştır. Skorların sırasıyla artan 1 puan ile başlayan duyurulan prosedür,  yılına kadar yapılmadı.

Katılımcı ülkeler

Yarışmaya 17 ülke katılmıştır.  ilk defa yarışmaya katılmış,  ve  yarışmaya geri dönmüş,  ise 1974 Kıbrıs Harekâtı nedeniyle Türkiye'nin yarışmasını protesto etmek amacıyla yarışmadan çekilmiştir.

Orkestra şefleri
Her performansın orkestrasını yöneten bir orkestra şefi vardı.

  - Harry van Hoof
 - Colman Pearce
  - Jean Musy
  - Rainer Pietsch
  - Phil Coulter
  - Carsten Klouman
  - Peter Jacques
  - Mario Rijavec
  - Alyn Ainsworth
  - Vince Tempera
  - Francis Bay
  - Eldad Shrim
  - Timur Selçuk
  - André Popp
  - Ossi Runne
  - Pedro Osório
  İspanya - Juan Carlos Calderón
  - Lars Samuelson
  - Pier Natale Massara

Sonuçlar

Puan tahtası

12 puan

Uluslararası yayın ve oylama
Aşağıdaki tablo, 1974 yarışmasında oyların, kendi ülkelerinin oylarını duyurmaktan sorumlu olan sözcü ile birlikte verildiği sıralamayı göstermektedir. Her ulusal yayıncı, yarışmanın kendi ana dillerinde yer almasını sağlamak için yarışmaya bir yorumcu gönderdi. Temsilcilerin ve temsil ettikleri yayın organlarının detayları da aşağıdaki tabloda yer almaktadır.

Katılmayan ülkeler

  - Ernst Grissemann (FS2)
  - Claus Toksvig (DR TV)
  - Mako Georgiadou (ERT)
  - Dóra Hafsteinsdóttir (Sjónvarpið)

Dış bağlantılar

 Resmî site

Kaynakça

Yıla göre Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması
1975'te müzik
1975'te İsveç

1975 Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması


Hadži Sinanova tekija (Silahdar Mustafa-pašina tekija) je derviški hram u Sarajevu. Pripada kadirijskom tarikatu.

Povijest

Hadži Sinanova tekija se nalazi između ulica Sagrdžije, Alija Đerzeleza i Logavine u Sarajevu. Izgrađena je između 1638. i 1640. godine. Izgradnja je u svezi s osmanskim osvajanjem Bagdada. 1638. je Murat IV: osvojio Bagdad. Na glasu kao poštovatelj sufizma bilo mu je poznato da je ondje grob jednog od velikana islama Abdul Kadira Gejlanija, začetnika kadrijskog tarikata i potomka iz Poslanikove loze. Iz zahvalnosti Allahu za osvajanje grada odlučio je podići jednu kadirijsku tekiju i financirati njenu gradnju. Mustafa-paša Silahtar iz Sarajeva bio je u sultanovoj pratnji. Bio je na visokom položaju. Predložio je sultanu graditi tekiju u Sarajevu, gdje nije bilo takve tekije. Obrazložio je sultanu da ondje ima oca koji je voljan i pouzdan na se preuzeti ovu zadaću. Uskoro je stigao ferman da će se graditi kadirijska tekija i da će poslove voditi Mustafin otac Hadži Sinan. Tako se pretpostavlja da je za njenu gradnju je prema pretpostavkama zaslužan hadži Sinan, bogati sarajevski trgovac, ili njegov sin Mustafa-paša, koji je kao silahdar, služio na dvoru sultana Murata IV.

Tekiju je projektirao Albanac Kasim-aga. Kasim-aga je bio poznati arhitekt koji je projektirao i neke od zgrada u carigradskoj palači Topkapi. Na dvorišnom zidu nalazi se kaligrafski tekst. Oblika je rozete promjera blizu tri metra. Na njemu je tehnikom al fresco upisano geometrijski 12 puta šehadet "Bog je jedan, a Muhamed je njegov poslanik" (La ilaha illallah muhammadur rasulullah). Tekst zovu "Sulejmanovim pečatom" (muhur ispisan u Kjufi pismu). Mutevelija tvrdi da autor nije poznat, a starost datiraju u više od dvjesta godina. Nacrt za ovaj napis je na samom ulazu i mnogo je manji. Kad se vrata harema otvore, odmah se na ulazu vidi estetski dobro izrađena hajr česma. Dva su mezara i turbe u dvorištu tekije. Pripadaju hadži Sinanu i njegovoj supruzi. U tekiji je nekoliko prostorija. To su semahana (prostorija gdje se obavlja derviški obred zikr), stan za šejha, musafirhanu (prostoriju za putnike namjernike), te mejdan odaju, koju od kahve-odžaka dijeli jedan mali uski hodnik. Uz semahanu s mihrabom i musanderom tu je još kuhinja i dodatne prostorije. Prostorija za šejha je na katu iznad ulaza. Tekija je bila od tesanog kamena i lomljenog kamena. Dvoetažni su dio nad ulazom i simahana. Ostatak je zgrade prizeman. Žbuka je nanesena na plohe od pritesanog kamena. Od klesanog su kamena vanjske zidne plohe. Pravilnih su, vodoravnih i jednolikih redova. Posebno su ispupčene fuge. Pokrov je od ćeramide. U tekiju se ulazi s istoka iz ulice Sagrdžije, a od ulaza je pasaž od kaldrme i kroz njega se ulazi u prostrano dvorište. Tlocrt je oblika harfa lam sličnog slovu L, što je kod tekija češći slučaj. Krovovi su viševodni, a ograđena visokim kamenim zidovima i dominira cijelim ambijentom mahale. Preko stotinjak je kaligrafskih natpisa (levhi) na zidovima ulaznog i dvorišnog dijela tekije i likovnom vrijednošću su u skupini najvrijednijih umjetnička ostvarenja ove vrste. Uz redovne obrede derviša, ovdje se izučavao tesavuf, čitana su i izučavana djela na perzijskom, turskom i arapskom jeziku. Pjesnicima su bili i sami šejhovi i derviši Hadži Sinanove tekije. Najbolje je poznat pjesnik šejh Hasan Kaimija Zrinović. Zgrada je dobila i zdravstvenu namjenu 1768. godine. U njoj je tad otvoren prvi azil za duševne bolesnike, što je početak organizirane zdravstvene zaštite u muslimana na prostoru Bosne i Hercegovine. Od sedam tekija koliko je bilo u Sarajevu, ostala je samo ova. Dvaput je bila opožarena. Prvi put za vojne Eugena Savojskog, a drugi put austro-ugarskim zaposjedanjem.

Očuvala je gotovo isti autentični izgled iz 1640. godine. Posljednji je vredniji spomenik osmanlijske arhitekture u Sarajevu.
Prvo predviđeno mjesto gradnje bilo je na lijevoj obali Miljacke, na Bistriku. Hadži Sinan je ondje kupio zemljište, no usnuo je san u kojem mu je dobio poruku da mora tekiju sagraditi u sjevernom dijelu grada, na desnoj obali Miljacke.  Pronašao je zemljište na Pirinom Brijegu, u mahali poznatoj kao Vrbanjuša. Stoga je kupio zemljište u Kadi Bali Efendi mahali. Umro je prije završetka gradnje tekije. Završne radove vlastitim je sredstvima platio Mustafa-paša Silahtar. Dovršena je u godini kad je Hadži Sinan umro. Od 2005. godine ambijentalna cjelina Hadži Sinanove tekije sa Sarač Alijinom džamijom i grobljem uz nju je nacionalni spomenik Bosne i Hercegovine.

Povezani članci
 Tarikatski centar u Bosni i Hercegovini

Vanjske poveznice
 Hadži Sinanova tekija: Četvrtkom uveče otvorena za sve ljude dobre volje

Izvori

Tekije u Sarajevu
Nacionalni spomenici Bosne i Hercegovine

Hadži Sinanova tekija u Sarajevu


An Lepanthes capitana in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Lepanthes capitana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Lepanthes, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Ecuador. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Lepanthes

Lepanthes capitana


An Agrostis hideoi in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jisaburo Ohwi. An Agrostis hideoi in nahilalakip ha genus nga Agrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Agrostis

Agrostis hideoi


Un blépharostat est un appareil médical utilisé en ophtalmologie humaine et vétérinaire. Il s'agit d'une sorte de pince dont l'utilité est de garder l'œil ouvert pendant une intervention médicale : chirurgie, examen ophtalmologique, injection intravitréenne

Les branches latérales du blépharostat sont conçues de façon à se glisser sous les paupières inférieure et supérieure, après quoi l'instrument est maintenu en position ouverte par le praticien en l'adaptant à la morphologie du patient ou de l'animal.

Dans la culture populaire

Une célèbre scène du film Orange mécanique (1971) montre le protagoniste, Alex, subissant des séances de thérapie par aversion : attaché à un fauteuil, les yeux maintenus ouverts à l'aide de deux blépharostats, il est contraint de regarder des scènes filmées de violence et de sexe.

Références

Équipement ophtalmologique

Blépharostat


Gottorm Erikson (928 - 953) fue príncipe vikingo de Noruega, sexto hijo de Erico I de Noruega y su consorte Gunnhild.

Según las fuentes históricas fue el responsable directo de la muerte de Tryggve Olafsson. Murió en el campo de batalla luchando contra su tío Haakon el Bueno en Avaldness, Karmøy.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Sturluson, Snorri. Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway, trad. Lee M. Hollander. Reprinted University of Texas Press, Austin, 1992. ISBN 0-292-73061-6

Príncipes de Noruega
Vikingos de Noruega

Gottorm Eriksson


Laegaardia, rod trava iz podtribusa Paramochloinae, dio tribusa Poeae . Opisan je 2019. godine. Jedina vrsta je L. ecuadoriense, Ekvadorski endem

Sinonimi
 Calamagrostis ecuadoriensis Laegaard

Izvori

Poeae
Flora Ekvadora

Laegaardia


[[Dosya:Table of Geography and Hydrography, Cyclopaedia, Volume 1.jpg|küçükresim|sağ|Coğrafya, hidrografi ve seyir tablosu, 1728 basımlı Cyclopaedia dan]]Seyir, yolbul, seyrüsefer ya da navigasyon''', bir noktadan başka bir noktaya gitmek için en elverişli yolu tayin etme ve planlanan rota üzerinde yolculuğu gerçekleştirme. Genellikle bir denizcilik terimi olarak kullanılsa da, iki nokta arasındaki yolun önceden belirlenmiş olmadığı kara ve hava yolculuklarında da seyir yapılır. Denizcilikte seyir, havacılıkta ise seyrüsefer terimi daha yaygın kullanılır. Yön bulma terimi, seyir işinin önemli bir kısmını oluşturan, yakından bağlantılı bir terimdir.

 Seyir yönteminin başlıca adımları
 Bulunulan yerin tespiti. Enlem ve boylam olarak koordinatların belirlenmesi veya harita üzerinde yapılabilir. Bulunulan vadinin, tepenin, köyün adının öğrenilmesi veya geçmişte gidildiğinin hatırlanması da bu kapsama girer.
 Gidilmek istenen yerin tespiti.
 Gidilecek yolun bacaklarının (rota) tespiti. Bu adımda doğru yönde ilerlenmesinin yanı sıra en kolay (en az emek, ya da en az dikkat gerektiren), en hızlı, en masrafsız (yakıt, aşınma, geçiş parası), en az riskli, seyyahlarca en görülesi ya da başka açıdan en faydalı görülen duraklar içeren yolun seçilmesi gibi amaçlar da güdülebilir. Çoğu kez bu çelişebilecek amaçlar arasında en uygun dengeyi kuran rota seçilir.
 Gidilecek yere varıldığının tespiti. Tekniğin bu son maddesi, seyirin yolculuk boyunca kontrol amacıyla sürekli yapılmasını gerektirir.

 Seyrüseferde kullanılan başlıca araç ve nirengiler
 Teknik araçlar: harita, pusula, sekstant, kronometre, iskandil, altimetre, GPS, radar, uçuş kompüteri vs.
 İnsan yapısı işaretler: Karayolları, demiryolları, kanallar, büyük yapılar, fenerler vs.
 Yeryüzü şekilleri: Dağlar, ormanlar, akarsular, göller, sahil şeritleri, vs.
 Gök cisimleri: Güneş, yıldızlar.
 Güzergâh üzerindeki diğer insanlar.

 Teknikler
 Kerteriz almak: Gidilecek yer bulunulan yerde gözüküyorsa kendi başına yeterli olabilir.
 Harita üzerindeki yeri bilinen iki noktadan (zirveler, fenerler vs.) kerteriz alarak bulunulan yerin tespiti.
 Harita üzerindeki hat şeklindeki unsurların (yol, ırmak, kıyı şeridi, vs.) gidilecek yerin geçilip geçilmediğinin kontrolü için kullanılması.
 Kasıtlı sapma: Yol, dere gibi hat şeklindeki unsurların üzerinde bulunan bir noktaya giderken, meydana gelecek tesadüfi sapmalardan kaçınmak için kasıtlı olarak belli bir yönde hafif sapma yaratma. Böylece yolcu, hatta ulaştığında kasıtlı sapma yaptığı yönün tersi yöne döner, hattı takip eder ve aradığı noktayı bulur.

 Kaynakça
 "Seyir Maddesi", Meydan Larousse Büyük Lûgat ve Ansiklopedi "Navigation Skills for Walkers, Hikers and Ramblers", go4awalk.com'', 22.05.2006

Ayrıca bakınız
 Rota
 Nirengi
 Radyo seyrüseferi

Seyir


Die Geobiotechnologie befasst sich mit der Gewinnung und der Lagerung von anorganischen und organischen Rohstoffen wie Metallen und Energierohstoffen sowie der Vermeidung von Schadprozessen und dem Umweltschutz mit Hilfe mikrobieller Prozesse.

Mikrobielle Prozesse spielen bei der Entstehung von Lagerstätten eine Rolle; sie können Rohstoffe mobilisieren und damit zugänglich machen und zur Sanierung von Halden und Bergbauwässern beitragen. Besonders bei der Erschließung kleinerer Rohstoffvorkommen, von  Lagerstätten mit geringen Wertstoffgehalten und bei der Wertstoffrückgewinnung kann die Biotechnologie wertvolle Beiträge leisten.
Das Zusammenspiel von mikrobiellen und mineralogischen bzw. geologischen geochemischen Vorgängen und deren technische Anwendung wird unter dem Stichwort "Geobiotechnologie" zusammengefasst.

Literatur
 P. Radehaus et al.: Geobiotechnologie - Stand und Perspektiven. (PDF; 2,3 MB) Ein Statuspapier des Temporären Arbeitskreises Geobiotechnologie in der DECHEMA e.V. Januar 2013.
 Konrad Soyez: Biotechnologie. Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-034-85237-1, S. 212.

Biotechnologie
Mikrobiologie
Geotechnik

Geobiotechnologie


Biserica de lemn cu hramul "Adormirea Maicii Domnului" din Lupoița, oraș Motru, județul Gorj, a fost construită în 1797. Biserica se află pe lista monumentelor istorice sub codul LMI: .

Istoric și trăsături
Deși figurează pe lista monumentelor istorice cu datarea bisericii anterioare, de la care a preluat hramul, în realitate, actuala biserică de lemn din Lupoița, a înlocuit-o integral pe cea veche, în anul 1904, șantierul având un caracter de rectitorire.

Ușa clopotniței separate mai deține o dată certă legată de biserica veche și un nume: "Vasile meșteru 1797 iulie 3". Actuala biserică este construită tot din lemn, neavând valoarea arhitecturală a celei vechi. Probabil că a preluat, în dimensiuni sporite, planul celei vechi: altar în prelungirea navei, poligonal, cu trei laturi.

Și actuala biserică este în pragul dispariției, gospodăriile din Lupoița fiind expropriate în urma extinderii exploatărilor de lignit; planurile autorităților de strămutare a bisericii sunt doar fantasmagorice.

Note

Bibliografie
Studii regionale

Vezi și
 Lupoița, Gorj

Legături externe
 Monumente istorice din România Fișă de monument

Imagini din exterior

Imagini din interior

Lupoița
Monumente istorice din județul Gorj
Biserici din secolul al XVIII-lea din România
Biserici cu hramul Sfânta Maria

Biserica de lemn din Lupoița


Sturm Gordon steht für

 Tropischer Sturm Gordon (1979), T7910, 07W, traf die Volksrepublik China, siehe Pazifische Taifunsaison 1979
 Taifun Gordon (1982), T8216, 16W, blieb auf See, siehe Pazifische Taifunsaison 1982
 Tropischer Sturm Gordon (1985), T8527, 24W, schwacher Sturm mit Landfall in Vietnam, siehe Pazifische Taifunsaison 1985
 Supertaifun Gordon (1989), Gloring, T8908, 08W, über Luzon und Hongkong, siehe Pazifische Taifunsaison 1989
 Hurrikan Gordon (1994), mit umfangreichen Sachschäden in Kuba und Florida
 Hurrikan Gordon (2000), Guatemala, Yucatán, als tropischer Sturm in Florida
 Hurrikan Gordon (2006), vom zentralen Nordatlantik über die Azoren
 Hurrikan Gordon (2012), vom Ostatlantik über die Azoren, erreichte Portugal als Sturmtief

Tropischer Wirbelsturm Gordon


Gastón Birabén (Mar del Plata, 1958) es un director, compaginador de sonido y guionista de cine que nació en Mar del Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Se vinculó a la cinematografía muy temprano gracias a una pequeña cámara que sus padres le regalaron a los 10 años. Luego de terminar la escuela secundaria se fue solo a estudiar, primero en La Plata, y después cine en Avellaneda. Se radicó en Buenos Aires y estudió en la Escuela de Arte Cinematográfico (EDAC), bajo la dirección del profesor Rodolfo Hermida.

Dirigió varios cortometrajes que obtuvieron premios en el ámbito nacional e internacional y uno de ellos, Vibraciones, representó a la Argentina en el Festival UNICA en Colonia, Alemania, en 1982. Estudió cinematografía en Los Angeles City Collage y también Historia del Arte y Literatura, tanto allí como en la Universidad de California, Los Ángeles y se recibió con un "Master in Fine Arts" en Dirección Cinematográfica en el American Film Institute. Obtuvo un permiso de trabajo para aplicarlo en el cine y uno de sus exprofesores lo llamó para trabajar en uno de sus filmes como editor y luego en la supervisión de sonido. Más adelante trabajó con Roger Corman y con eso se pudo insertar en el sindicato de compaginadores con lo cual se le permitía trabajar en filmes de alto presupuesto. Trabajó en Hollywood como compaginador de sonido en alrededor de 80 largometrajes, algunos con Harrison Ford, Jim Carrey y Eddie Murphy, entre los que se encuentran El fugitivo, Mi primo Vinny, Patch Adams, I Know What You Did Last Summer, Liar Liar y Nada por perder.

Su guion de Cautiva fue finalista en el Sundance Institute y ganó por unanimidad el primer premio del Instituto Nacional de Cine y Artes Audiovisuales, por Ópera Prima y 2.º largometraje y en 2006 la película fue una de las nominadas a mejor ópera prima por el premio Sur de la Academia de las Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas de la Argentina.

Filmografía
Editor de diálogo
 Nick y Nora, una noche de música y amor (2008)
 The Great Buck Howard (2008)
 Habitación sin salida (2007)
 Rocky Balboa (2006)
 La leyenda del Zorro (2005)
 Como Dios (2003)
 Hechizo del corazón (2000)
 Condenados a fugarse (1999)
 Patch Adams (1998)
 Mafia, estafa como puedas (1998)
 Sé lo que hicisteis el último verano (1997)
 Nada que perder (1997)
 Mentiroso compulsivo (1997)
 Corazones robados (1996)
 Ace Ventura, operación África (1995)
 El fugitivo (1993)
 Brain Dead (1990)
  Transylvania Twist  (1989)
Supervisor de diálogo
 Aventuras en Alaska (2002)
Editor de efectos de sonido
 Spot (2001)
'''Editor foley
 Los Teleñecos en el espacio (1999)
Efectos de sonido
 Return of the Living Dead III (1993)
Editor de sonido
 Born Wild (1995)
 Ace Ventura, un detective diferente (1994)
 Noches de fuego (1993)
 La mitad oscura (1993)
 Su distinguida señoría (1992)
 Mi primo Vinny (1992))
 Treinta minutos para morir (1991)
Director
 Cautiva (2004)
Guionista
 Cautiva (2004)
Productor
 Cautiva (2004)

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Información sobre Gastón Birabén en Internet Movie Data Base

Directores de cine de Argentina
Guionistas de cine de Argentina
Nacidos en Mar del Plata

Gastón Birabén


Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia (Tietê, São Paulo, 23. rujna 1940.) je brazilski pravnik i političar, koji je od 31. kolovoza 2016. do 31. prosinca 2018. obnašao dužnost 37. predsjednik Brazila.

Vanjske poveznice
  Službena stranica predsjednice Brazila

Izvor

Brazilski predsjednici

Michel Temer


Hitzhusen, Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Segeberg iline bağlı bir yerleşim yeri. 7,93 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Aralık 2003 itibarıyla yaklaşık 1251 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Horst-Günther Hunger tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 www.amt-bad-bramstedt-land.de

Segeberg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Hitzhusen


NGC 5617 est un amas ouvert situé dans la constellation du Centaure. Il a été découvert par l'astronome écossais James Dunlop en 1826.

NGC 5617 est à  du système solaire et les dernières estimations donnent un âge de 82 millions d'années. La taille apparente de l'amas est de 10 minutes d'arc, ce qui, compte tenu de la distance et grâce à un calcul simple, équivaut à une taille réelle d'environ 14,5 années-lumière.

Selon la classification des amas ouverts de Robert Trumpler, cet amas renferme entre 50 et 100 étoiles (lettre m) dont la concentration est forte (I) et dont les magnitudes se répartissent sur un grand intervalle (le chiffre 3).

Un autre amas ouvert se trouve dans la même région du ciel, il s'agit de Pismis 19 que l'on aperçoit au sud-est de NGC 5617. Pismis 19 est cependant beaucoup plus éloigné, étant à une distance de .

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du NGC

Liens externes

 NGC 5617 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

5617
Constellation du Centaure
Amas ouvert
Objet céleste découvert en 1826
Objet céleste découvert par James Dunlop

NGC 5617


Melkam Gizaw Tola (* 17. September 1990) ist eine äthiopische Langstreckenläuferin.

Werdegang
2009 wurde sie Zweite beim Reims-Marathon. Im Jahr darauf wurde sie Vierte beim Paris-Halbmarathon, Sechste beim Paris-Marathon und siegte in Reims. 2011 folgte einem achten Platz in Paris ein sechster beim Eindhoven-Marathon. 2012 kam Melkam Gizaw Tola beim Düsseldorf-Marathon auf den dritten Platz.

Im Oktober 2015 gewann sie den Ljubljana-Marathon und 2016 wurde sie Zweite beim Seoul International Marathon.

Persönliche Bestzeiten
 Halbmarathon: 1:11:17 h, 11. April 2010, Paris (Zwischenzeit)
 Marathon: 2:24:28 h, 20. März 2016, Seoul

Weblinks

 Athletenporträt bei marathoninfo.free.fr

Einzelnachweise

Marathonläufer (Äthiopien)
Äthiopier
Geboren 1990
Frau

Melkam Gisaw


An Pharus vittatus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Lem.. An Pharus vittatus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pharus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pharus

Pharus vittatus


Bas Şarkıları, Gürol Ağırbaş tarafından 1995 yılında yayınlanan, Türkiye'nin ilk solo bas gitar albümüdür. Sanatçı, birkaç yıl sonra Bas Şarkıları 2 albümünü çıkartmıştır.

Bay Müzik Üretim Şirketi tafarından piyasaya sürülmüş olan bu albüm, özellikle Türkiye'de bas gitarın tanımını değiştirmiş, yıllar yılı ikinci hatta üçüncü plana atılan bas gitarı bir anda sahnenin önüne yerleştirmiştir.

Gürol Ağırbaş'ın albümünü yayınlamasının ardından almış olduğu olumlu tepkiler, Türkiye'de diğer tanınmış bas gitaristlerin de kendi "bas şarkılarını" hazırlamalarına önayak olmuştur.

Albümdeki bütün besteler Gürol Ağırbaş'a aittir. Albümün hazırlanması aşamasında Ağırbaş, Türkiye'nin önde gelen müzisyenleri ile birlikte çalışmıştır.

Albümde bulunun şarkılar
 Afrika
 O ya ne ya
 Ağıt
 Leyla
 Fa Maj
 Balerin
 Koyun Baba
 Blues

Gürol Ağırbaş'a eşlik eden müzisyenler

 Cem Aksel
 Vural Şerifoğlu
 Ozan Doğulu
 Aydın Karabulut

1995 albümleri
Caz albümleri
Enstrümantal albümler

Bas Şarkıları


El Arroyo Salsipuedes Chico es un curso de agua uruguayo que atraviesa el departamento de Tacuarembó perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica del Río de la Plata.

Nace en la Cuchilla de Santo Domingo y desemboca en el Arroyo Salsipuedes Grande tras recorrer alrededor de 37 km.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Mapa. Arroyo Salsipuedes Chico.

Cuenca del río Negro (Uruguay)
Salsipuedes Chico
Salsipuedes Chico

Arroyo Salsipuedes Chico


هي أم عمرو بنت جندب الدوسية أبوها الصحابي جندب بن عمرو الدوسي قتل في معركة أجنادين، وهي زوجة الخليفة الثالث من الخلفاء الراشدون عثمان بن عفان، وقد أنجبت منه خمسة من الأبناء.

نسبها
أم عمرو بنت جندب بن عمرو بن حممة بن الحارث بن رافع بن ربيعة بن ثعلبه بن لوي بن عامر بن غانم بن دهمان بن منهب بن دوس.

أبناؤها
 عمرو بن عثمان : ولد في عهد الخلية الراشد عمر بن الخطاب وهو أكبر إخوته سنا وكان ثقة، تزوج العديد من النساء وله منهن أولاد وتوفي بمنى ويعد من الأثرياء.
 أبان بن عثمان : كنيته أبو سعيد وقد كان من فقهاء التابعين وعلمائهم روى عن أبيه عثمان وعن أسامة بن زيد العديد من الأحاديث وكان ثقة عالما بالفقه والسيرة والقضاء تزوج العديد من الزوجات، تولى إمارة المدينة المنورة في عهد عبد الملك بن مروان لعدة سنوات حيث أحبه أهلها وقد مات في المدينة سنة 105 هجري في عهد يزيد بن عبد الملك.
 خالد بن عثمان بن عفان.
 عمر بن عثمان بن عفان.
 مريم بنت عثمان بن عفان.

المصادر

أزديون
صحابيات

أم عمرو بنت جندب


Kleinbocka ist ein Ortsteil von Bocka im Landkreis Greiz in Thüringen.

Lage
Klein- und Großbocka liegen dicht beieinander westlich der Bundesstraße 2 und östlich von Münchenbernsdorf in einem kupierten Gelände für Ackerbau und Tierzucht. Kleinbocka liegt etwa einen Kilometer südlich von Großbocka und ist über eine Gemeindestraße zu erreichen.

Geschichte
Kleinbocka wurde am 7. Februar 1351 erstmals urkundlich so genannt. Die Kirche entstand im 15. Jahrhundert. Am 1. Juli 1950 entstand die Gemeinde Bocka durch den Zusammenschluss der damaligen Gemeinden Großbocka und Kleinbocka. Zu Zeiten der DDR wurde wenige hundert Meter südlich der Ortslage ein Sendegebäude vom Typ A-Turm errichtet.

Persönlichkeiten
 Franz-Theodor Strauss (1859–1911), Natur-Asienforscher

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Landkreis Greiz
Bocka
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Landkreis Greiz)
Ersterwähnung 1351
Gemeindeauflösung 1950

Kleinbocka


An Gongora lagunae in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Günter Gerlach. An Gongora lagunae in nahilalakip ha genus nga Gongora, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Venezuela. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Gongora

Gongora lagunae


يقع قصر عين السل في محافظة الزرقاء في الأردن، وعلى مسافة 1.75كم إلى الشمال الشرقي من قلعة الأزرق.
قصر عين السل يبعد قصر عين السل حوالي 187 م للشمال الشرقي من قلعة الأزرق كما تقع عين السل للشمال الشر من القصر على بعد 200 وهو من القصور الأموية ذات المساحة الصغيرة، حيث يبلغ طول ضلعه 17 مترا في شكل مربع، وقد شيد من الحجارة البازلتية السوداء أو ساحة مكشوفة تحيط بها مجموعة من الغرف وبه معصرة زيتون، وهو عبارة عن قصر موجود في وسط مزرعة تابعة له في جهته الغربية يتبعه حمام يتألف من ثلاث أو أربع 9 غرف ومن هنا تبرز أهمية هذا القصر لاحتوائه على حمام مما يدل على انتشار بناء الحمامات في الفترة الأموية. في مطلع السبعينات من القرن الماضي أشار باحث يدعی برایان تولسون إلى بقايا قلعة رومانية تقع على يمين الطريق الذي يتجه إلى شمال الأزرق وبسبب هذا الاكتشاف بدأت حركة البحث والدراسة تتجه إلى هذه القلعة المعرفة طبيعته وتاريخه والوظيفة التي يخدمها، فتوجه کيندي عام 1978 إليه، لكنه قام بدراسة أولية القصر من ناحية الوصف أو التاریخ، ثم قام د. غازي بيشة من دائرة الآثار العامة بالقيام بحفريات أثرية وتنظيفات داخل هذا القصر عام 1984.

التاريخ
يعود بنائه إلى العصر الاموي

البناء
القصر عبارة عن بناء مربع صغير يبلغ طول ضلعه حوالي 17م شيد بواسطة كتل حجرية من البازلت وتم تثبيت الحجارة بواسطة حشوه بلغ سماكة هذه الحشوة حوالي (1.40 م)، ورتبت فيه الغرف التي يبلغ عددها سبعة حول ساحة مركزية مكشوفة تطل عليها باستثناء غرفة واحدة. وتبلغ مساحة القصر دون حساب مساحة الحمام حوالي (17.60 × 7.70 إم)، وقد لاحظ بيشة أنه لم يعثر على آثار البقايا للأساسات ويرجح أن الجدران قد بنيت فوق الأرض مباشرة ومدخل هذا القصر يقع في منتصف الجدار الشرقي حيث باغ عرضه حوالي (64 .1م)، ومازالت آثار حلق الباب ظاهرة، ينتهي هذا المدخل بوابة ارتفاعها حوالي (80. 1م) وعرضها حوالي (87. 1م) وتفتح هذه البوابة على ساحة فضائية، وتتوسط هذه الساحة سبع غرف، كما تميزت الممرات بين الغرف بوجود أقواس عند الأبواب ولربما هذا الدعم السقف أما الأرضيات فقد كانت مغطاة بطبقة سميكة من الجص، بعض الأرضيات المدمرة قد كشفت عن وجود قنوات فخارية أسفلها.

ملحقات القصر
ملحق بالقصر من الجهة الغربية جناح يحتوي على ثلاث غرف، هذا الجناح هو عبارة عن حمام، حيث يتكون من الغرفة الباردة وغرفتان ساخنتان أيضا تقعان على مستوى واحد وتأخذان اتجاه شمال جنوب، ويرجح بيشه أنه كان يوجد أيضا غرفة دافئة وذلك بسبب ملاحظته وجود طبقة من الجص ممتدة إلى الجدار الجنوبي للغرفة البادرة وهي سميكة.

الحمامات
بمحاذاه جدراه الغربي شيد حمام يتالف من ثلاث أو اربع غرف تمتد من الشمال إلى الجنوب. وهذا الحمام خالي من الرسوم الجدرانية والاضيات الفسيفسائية على عكس قصير عمرة، الا انه على جانب من الأهمية حيث يدل على انتشار بناء الحمامات في العصر الاموي وعدم اقتصارها على الأبنية الباذخة فقط.

الوصف الداخلي للحمام
النظام المعماري الداخلي للحمام: يُدخل إلى الغرفة الباردة من خلال ممر ضيق يبلغ عرضه حوالي (78 . (ام) وفي الزاوية الجنوبية الغربية للغرفة يوجد خزان ماء تبلغ مساحته حوالي (85 . () * 1.75 م)، ويوجد في منتصف الجدار الشرقي كوه محاطة بقوس وترتفع عن الأرض حوالي (30. (ام) وقد بني القوس من الحجارة الجبرية، ويوجد غرفة حارة أخرى تقع الشمال ولكنها بحالة سيئة جدا وقد أصابها دمار كامل وما تبقى من آثار هذه الغرفة هو نظام التدفئة، حيث بقيت أربعة أعمدة من الطوب مصفوفة على طول الجدارين الشرقي والغربي ويستند على هذه الأعمدة ألواح حجرية بازلتية بالإضافة إلى ذلك وجد خزان يقع في منتصف الجدار الغربي يبلغ عرضه حوالي (1.80 م) أما عمقه فحوالي (70 . (م) في الضلع الشمالي يوجد باب يبلغ عرضه حوالي (1) م يفتح على الغرفة الحارة التي تقع في المنتصف.

النقش داخل القصر
الحجر الميلي البازلتي الذي اَستخدم كجزء من عمود في معصرة الزيتون في الغرفة الوسطى، يوجد عليه خمسة أسطر، لكن السطر الأول والأخير مکسوران بشكل أفقي حيث يبلغ محيطه 70 سم. يرجح كيندي تاريخ هذا النقش إلى فترة الإمبراطور سفیروس التاسع يظهر في النقش جزء من المسافة، وأيضا أسم الحاكم المسؤول عن البناء، ومن المحتمل أن يكون هذا الحكم لقيه هو القنصل العظيم، وهذا اللقب بشير إلى وجود حاكم في المنطقة ومن المرجح أن يكون كركلا وجيتا كانا الحاكمين في تلك الفترة، وقد كان من الشائع أنه بغياب الإمبراطور يتم وضع في النقش، وبذلك يصبح تاريخ النقش (209/11) م. إن الكسر والطمس الواضح مقصود سببه أن كلا الاسمين اقترنا بأفعال سيئة، فاستحقا من الناس اللعن والكراهية، فقاموا بطمس اسميهما فور وفاتهما، لا يوجد ذكر الاسم موقع، وعلی أغلب الظن أنه تم إحضار هذا الحجر من نقطة ما تقع على الطريق الروماني والرقم أو المسافة المذكورة في النص من المحتمل أن تكون إما 73 أو 90 أو 87 ويبدو أن أقرب القرى أو موقع على عين السل على بعد حوالى 90 كم روماني وهو موقع الشقة التي تقع الشمال من عين السل بالقرب من ايمتان.

المراجع

 مصادر
 قصور البادية الأردنية/ مقدمات تاريخية في النشأة والإعمار

قصور أموية
مبان ومنشآت في الزرقاء

قصر عين السل


(63162) Davidčapek, denumire internațională (63162) Davidcapek, este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
63162 Davidčapek este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul din Ondřejov de Petr Pravec și Peter Kušnirák. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,16 ua, o excentricitate de 0,16 și o înclinație de 17,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 63001-64000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2000
Centura de asteroizi

63162 Davidčapek


أحمد عارف الزين (1884م ـ 1960م) هو كاتب وصحفي لبناني من أهل الجنوب اللبناني العاملي. بدأ حياته الصحفية بـ«ثمرات الفنون» لليازجي و«الاتحاد العثماني» و«حديقة الأخبار»، ثم أصدر «مجلة العرفان» فجريدة أسبوعية باسم «جبل عامل». ونشط بالقضايا الوطنية خلال الحكم العثماني في لبنان فاعتقل وسجن وعطلت صحائفه. وسيق إلى الديوان العرفي في عالية بلبنان الذي حكم بإعدام العديد من الوطنيين فيه. أطلق سراحه بعد انتهاء الحرب العالمية الأولى عام 1918م، فتابع إصدار «مجلة العرفان» حتى وافته المنية في مشهد بإيران في عام 1960م.

حياته
هو أحمد عارف بن علي بن موسى بن يوسف الانصاري الخزرجي العاملي الصيداوي. ينتسب إلى اسرة آل الزين المعروفة في منطقة جبل عامل اللبنانية. والده الحاج علي موسى الزين، الذي اشتهر بعلمه وأدبه وكان ذا مكانة بارزة في مجتمعه وقد جاهد في سبيل القضية العربية وكان ذا نزعة إصلاحية، لاسيما مطالبته بإصلاح التعليم ونشره وإصلاح أحوال الزراعة والإدارة ومكافحة الفساد الإداري، وعُدّ الشيخ علي موسى الزين من شعراء جبل عامل. أما والدته فتسمى شاه زنان ابنة الحاج حسن عسيران وتنتسب إلى إحدى الأسر الصيداوية المعروفة في جبل عامل.

ولد أحمد عارف الزين في بلدة شحور في جبل عامل من جنوبي لبنان وتوفي في إيران. تلقى معارفه الأولى في كتاتيب قريته ثم انتقل مع عائلته ليعيش في مدينة صيدا ليدرس في مدرسة الرشيدية الرسمية، ثم التحق بمدرسة النبطية الابتدائية، ثم انتقل إلى المدرسة الحميدية الدينية. وقد تعلم اللغتين التركية والفارسية إلى جانب الإنجليزية والفرنسية. عمل في مجال الصحافة فراسل وكتب في العديد من المجلات والصحف المصرية والبيروتية. كان مراسلاً معتمدًا لصحيفة «حديقة الأخبار» في مدينة صيدا. وفي عام 1909 أصدر مجلة «العرفان» في بيروت، ونقلها إلى صيدا عام 1912. وكان قد أصدر جريدة «جبل عامل» عام 1911.

عمل تاجرًا لبيع الأقمشة غير أنه مني بخسارة فادحة، كما عمل في مجال الزراعة مشرفًا على مزرعة زوجته، وفي عام 1910 أسس مطبعة العرفان.

شارك في عدد من الجمعيات السرية مثل جمعية العهد وجمعية الإصلاح وجمعية الشبيبة العربية، وكان مندوبا لـجمعية الثورة العربية في نواحي مدينة صيدا، ورأس لجنة الدفاع عن فلسطين. حكم عليه بالسجن عدة مرات في عهد السلطة العثمانية، وفي عام 1925 اعتقل بتهمة مناصرة الثورة السورية، كما تم اعتقاله عدة مرات بسبب مناهضته للانتداب الفرنسي.

أعماله

كتبه
 تاريخ صيدا: وهو كتاب مرتب على أربعة أقسام يبدأ قسمه الأول بذكر تأريخ صيدا القديم قبل ولادة السيد المسيح والقسم الثاني يتناول تأريخها الوسيط إلى زمن النبي محمد والقسم الثالث يتحدث عن تأريخها الحديث إلى سنة 1844م، والقسم الرابع يمتد إلى زمن تأليف الكتاب سنة 1913م، وبلغ عدد صفحات تاريخ صيدا (176) صفحة، وطبع بمطبعة العرفان في صيدا سنة 1913م.
 قائمة العرفان: وهو فهرست بأسماء الكتب المطبوعة في مطبعة العرفان أو الموجودة في المكتبة لمدير المطبعة ومالك المكتبة أحمد عارف الزين، أرسله لمشتركي مجلة (العرفان) وصدر سنة 1914م.
 مختصر تأريخ الشيعة: صدر هذا الكتاب سنة 1914م، وعدد صفحاته (48) صفحة طبع بمطبعة العرفان، وتألف من خمس مقالات، نشرها الزين في المجلد الخامس من (العرفان) الصادر بين عامي (1913م ـ 1914م).
 قصّة الحب الشريف: وهي كما جاء على غلافها روايه أدبيه غراميّة أخلاقية، نشرها أول مرّة في مجلة العرفان، ثم أعاد نشرها مستقلة في ثمان صفحات سنة 1923م، وقدمها هدية لمشتركي المجلّة.
 حقائق ودقائق: وهو مختارات العرفان من المجلدات العشرة الأولى، طبع بمطبعة العرفان، وصدر الجزء الأول منه في صيدا سنة 1931م، وبلغ عدد صفحاته (204) صفحة.
 جامع الأدعية والزيارات: وفيه جملة من أعمال الأيام والشهور، التي تقوي الصلة بين العبد وربه وتديمها ولاسيما أدعية شهر رمضان.

كتب نشرها وعلّق عليها
 الوساطة بين المتنبي وخصومه للقاضي الجرجاني: وقد نشره بدءاً في (العرفان) في باب خبايا الزوايا، ثم عني بتصحيحه وشرحه وتبويبه، فطبعه في مطبعة العرفان سنة 1913م، وقد جاء في (416) صفحة. 2
 مجمع البيان في تفسير القرآن للطبرسي: وقد ذكر الشيخ أحمد عارف الزين سبب نشره للكتاب قائلاً:. يقع الكتاب في خمسة مجلدات يتجاوز الخمسمائة صفحة، ويبلغ مجموع صفحات المجلدات الخمسة (3000) صفحة مع الفهارس، طبع بإشراف الشيخ أحمد عارف الزين على مطابع العرفان؛ وعني بتصحيحه مجموعة من أفاضل العلماء، صدر المجلد الأول سنة 1915م، والمجلد الثاني سنة 1935م، والمجلد الثالث سنة 1936م، والرابع والخامس سنة 1937م.

كتب شارك بإنتاجها
الكتب التي طبعها واشترك بنشرها:
 العراقيات: وهو مختارات شعر عشرة من شعراء العراق ومختصر تراجمهم جمعها الشيخ أحمد عارف الزين بالتعاون مع بعض الأدباء كالشيخ أحمد رضا والشيخ سليمان ظاهر، وطبع الكتاب على نفقة جامعيه على مطابع (العرفان) سنة 1913م
 سحر بابل وسجع البلابل: وهذا الكتاب هو ديوان السيد جعفر الحلي (ت:1897) من شعراء العراق المشهورين، اسهم الشيخ أحمد عارف الزين في نشره وطبع في مطبعة العرفان سنة 1913م، وعدد صفحاته (466) صفحة.
 ديوان بدوي الجبل: اسهم صاحب العرفان في طبع هذا الأثر بمطبعة العرفان سنة 1925م، بالاستراك مع صاحب الديوان.
 الثورة العراقية الكبرى: طبع أحمد عارف الزين على نفقته هذا الكتاب لمؤلفه عبد الرزاق الحسني.

وفاته
انتقل إلى جوار ربه، خلال سفره إلى إيران وزيارة مدينتي قم ومشهد المقدستين، يوم 15 تشرين الأول من عام 1960م، فدفن في الحضرة الرضوية الشريفة بعد موافقة محمد رضا بهلوي شاه إيران، وقد أُقيمت للفقيد مجالس الفاتحة في مسقط رأسه في صور وصيدا والنبطية وبيروت وفي الكويت والبحرين والعراق والقطيف في السعودية، كما أُقيمت الفواتح ترحماً على روحه في أنحاء أُخرى من العالم حيث تقيم الجاليات العربية.

وصلات خارجية
ترجمة الشيخ أحمد عارف الزين في معجم البابطين

المراجع

 رغداء النحاس، أحمد عارف الزين: «الشيخ الحداثي من جبل عامل»، «النهار» في 26 و27 كانون الثاني 2009.
 طريف الخالدي، «مجلة العرفان ومؤسسها في الدائرتين الصغرى والكبرى»، «النهار» في 8 و9 شباط 2008.
 مجيد الحداوي، «مجلة العرفان اللبنانية - دراسة تاريخية 1909 - 1936»، رسالة ماجستير، جامعة الكوفة - كلية الاداب، 2007.

آل الزين
إعلاميون من جبل عامل
شعراء وأدباء جبل عامل
علماء جبل عامل
علماء دين شيعة
كتاب مسلمون
مدفونون في العتبة الرضوية
مدفونون في مشهد
مواليد 1298 هـ
مواليد 1301 هـ
مواليد 1884
مواليد في صيدا
وفيات 1960
وفيات في مشهد (إيران)
كتاب بالعربية في القرن 20
كتاب بالعربية في القرن 21

أحمد عارف الزين


Mirko Ilić (Bijeljina, BiH, 1. siječnja 1956.), hrvatski i američki grafički dizajner i politički ilustrator, crtač stripa, ilustrator plakata.

Životopis
Rodio se u Bijeljini u BiH kao dijete vojne osobe, zbog čega je često mijenjao boravište. Prvo je s obitelji preselio u Sloveniju u Maribor, u kojem je završio prva dva razreda osnovne škole. U Zagrebu je pošao u treći razred osnovne, pa se opet vratio u Bijeljinu, a nakon petog razreda na duže je vrijeme u Zagrebu, gdje je proveo svoje formativne godine odrastanja. Završio zagrebačku Školu primijenjene umjetnosti. Radio je u Zagreb filmu, reklame za Podravku i Standard konfekciju, naslovnice časopisa, strip je objavio prvi put 1976. u Studentskom listu, poslije je bio urednik stripa i ilustracije u Poletu i dr. U Poletu je okupio svoje kolege strip-crtače Igora Kordeja, Emira Mesića i Krešimira Zimunića. Preko 30 godina živi u New Yorku živi u četvrti West Villageu omiljenoj među gay populacijom. U New Yorku je poslije otvorio svoj dizajnerski studio.
U Hrvatskoj s pojavom Mirka Ilića dizajner omota gramofonske ploče postao je važna karika u proizvodnji gramofonskih ploča kao umjetničkog iskaza. Vremenski to pada u vrijeme novog vala, koji je otvorio prostor slobodnim pristupima i novim imenima u dizajnu. Dotad je u najvećoj hrvatskoj izdavačkoj kući većinu dizajna pokrivao hrvatski dizajner i fotograf Ivan Ivezić. Ilić je iz ilustratora prerastao u vrsnog dizajnera, sposobnog i u neposlovno kratkom vremenu pružiti dobar proizvod naručitelju. Oslikao je omote albuma Prljavog kazališta, Aerodroma, Bijelog dugmeta, Parnog valjka, Drage Mlinarca, Leba i soli, Novih fosila, Arsena Dedića, Josipe Lisac, Miše Kovača i dr.
U karijeru dužoj od 40 godina već u ranijoj fazi djelovao je međunarodno i već 1986. je otišao u SAD u kojima je ostvario globalni uspjeh kao ilustrator. Radio je za New York Times, Time, čiji je bio umjetnički direktor. Objavio je desetak knjiga, većinom u suautorstvu s umjetničkim direktorom, piscem i novinarom Stevenom Hellerom, svojim dugogodišnjim prijateljem i suradnikom, koji mu je objavio prve radove u New York Timesu samo tjedan dana nakon što je došao u New York. Kontakte je uspostavio preko bivše supruge Slavenke Drakulić, koja ga je povezala s ljudima u SAD koji su ga uputili na prave osobe. Djela su mu zastupljena u zbirkama ustanova kao što je Muzej Smithsonian i SFMOMA u San Franciscu. U newyorškom MoMA je njegovih 38 djela. Ilić je za rad dobio brojne nagrade.
Aktivist za prava gay populacije. Bio je vrlo aktivan na Festivalu židovskog filma – Festivala tolerancije u Zagrebu, s kojim više ne surađuje, ali je vrlo aktivan na Festivalu tolerancije u Ljubljani koji financira židovska gay zajednica.

Izvori

Životopisi, Bijeljina
Životopisi, Zagreb
New York
Hrvatski grafički dizajneri
Hrvatski ilustratori
Hrvatski crtači stripa

Mirko Ilić


Body Sweats: The Uncensored Writings of Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven est le premier grand recueil anglais de poèmes de la poète et artiste dadaïste Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven (1874–1927), également connue sous le nom de « La Baronne », ou « Baroness ».

Publié à titre posthume en 2011 par MIT Press, Body Sweats a été édité par l'éditrice canadienne et biographe Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven  et Suzanne Zelazo, poétesse et doctorante en lettre.

La majorité des poèmes publiés ont été obtenus auprès de la bibliothèque de l'Université du Maryland qui conserve les archives d'Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven à la suite du legs de Djuna Barnes, ainsi qu'auprès de la bibliothèque de l'Université du Wisconsin-Milwaukee pour les poèmes publié dans The Little Review, revues littéraires américaine.

Contexte
Ce recueil répond au désir d'Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven de voir ses poésies réunies et publiées dans un livre, un projet commencé vers 1920 mais jamais réalisé de son vivant. Djuna Barnes, romancière américaine et  amie proche de von Freytag-Loringhoven, est créditée pour son travail de protection des manuscrits et archives de von Freytag-Loringhoven après la mort de celle-ci.

Analyse
Commençant par une introduction au style poétique et à la vie excentrique d'Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven, le livre présente ensuite les poèmes de la baronne pour la plupart inédits.

Body Sweats comprend également des illustrations, des reproduction des œuvres de la Baronne, des manuscrits originaux, eux-mêmes conçu comme des objets d'art.

Les poèmes sont organisés par thème : amour et nostalgie, incarnation, ville et consommation, nature performative, contemplation philosophique, mort et suicide, conscience esthétique, poèmes sonores, poèmes visuels, ainsi qu'une section contenant de longs poèmes et des critiques poétiques.

L'auteure joue sur la disposition des mots, souvent disposés en longues liste comme dans Aphrodite to Mars, et sur les sons et onomatopées, comme dans Astride.

Références

Bibliographie
 .
 .
 .

Articles connexes

 Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
 Djuna Barnes

Liens externes

 Presse du MIT
 Lancement de la vidéo de Body Sweats: The Uncensored Writings of Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven à New York

Livre paru en 2011
Recueil de poèmes en allemand
Dada
Poésie allemande
Poésie américaine


Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (20. janúar 1873 – 25. nóvember 1950) var danskur rithöfundur. Hann fékk bókmenntaverðlaun Nóbels árið 1944.

Ævi og störf
Jensen var læknissonur frá norðanverðu Jótlandi. Hann hugðist sjálfur leggja fyrir sig læknisfræði, en fjármagnaði námið með ritstörfum. Að þremur árum liðnum ákvað hann að snúa sér alfarið að bókmenntunum.

Árið 1901 sendi hann frá sér sögulegu skáldsöguna Fall konungs (danska: Kongens fald) um konunginn Kristján 2. Sú bók var valin mesta skáldverk 20. aldar af dagblöðunum Politiken og Berlingske Tidende árið 1999. Af öðrum vinsælum verkum Jensen mætti nefna sagnaflokkinn Den lange rejse í sex bindum.

Á seinni hluta ferils síns tók Jensen í vaxandi mæli að sinna rannsóknum á dýrafræði með áherslu á þróunarkenningar. Jafnframt sinnti hann þýðingum, þar á meðal á Íslendingasögunum.

Stórt landsvæði á norðanverðu Grænlandi, Johannes V. Jensen land, heitir eftir höfundinum.

Danskir rithöfundar
Handhafar bókmenntaverðlauna Nóbels

Johannes V. Jensen


Eliza Poe ( Elizabeth Arnold; formerly Hopkins; 1787 – December 8, 1811) was an English actress and the mother of the American author Edgar Allan Poe.

Early life

Arnold was born to Henry and Elizabeth Arnold in London in the spring of 1787. Her mother was a stage actress in London from 1791 to 1795. Her father Henry is thought to have died in 1790. In November 1795, Eliza and her mother sailed from England to Boston, Massachusetts, where they arrived on January 3, 1796.

Career

Boston

In Boston, Arnold debuted on stage at the age of nine, only three months after her arrival in the United States. She played a character named Biddy Blair in David Garrick's farce Miss in Her Teens and was praised in the Portland Herald: "Miss Arnold, in Miss Biddy, exceeded all praise.. Although a miss of only nine years old, her powers as an Actress will do credit to any of her sex of maturer age". Later that year, Elizabeth married musician Charles Tubbs, who had sailed with the Arnolds from England. The small family joined with a manager Mr. Edgar to form a theater troupe called the Charleston Comedians. Elizabeth, Eliza's mother, died sometime while this troupe was traveling through North Carolina. Little is known about her death but she disappears from theatrical records in 1798 and it is presumed she died shortly after.

After her mother's death, Eliza stayed with the theater troupe. She followed the tradition at the time for actors to travel from city to city to perform for as long as several months before moving on. The actors, theaters, and audiences had a wide range of sophistication. One of the most impressive venues at which she performed was the Chestnut Street Theater near Independence Hall in Philadelphia, which seated 2,000. Over the course of her career she played some 300 parts, as well as choral and dancing roles, including William Shakespeare characters Juliet Capulet and Ophelia.

Marriage and children

In the summer of 1802, at the age of fifteen, Eliza married Charles Hopkins. Hopkins died three years later in October 1805, possibly of yellow fever, leaving Eliza an 18-year-old widow. The Baltimore-born David Poe Jr. saw Eliza performing in Norfolk, Virginia, and decided to join her acting troupe, abandoning his family's plans for him to study law. Poe married Eliza only six months after Hopkins's death in 1806.

The couple traveled throughout New England and the rest of the northeast, playing in various towns such as Richmond, Philadelphia, and at an outdoor summer theater in New York City before finally settling in Boston. They stayed in Boston for three consecutive seasons of thirty weeks each in a theater that fit an audience of about one thousand. Reviews at the time often remarked on Eliza's "interesting figure" and "sweetly melodious voice".

Though times were difficult, the couple had two sons; William Henry Leonard was born in January 1807, nine months after their wedding, and Edgar was born on January 19, 1809, at a boarding house near Boston Common, close to where their troupe was performing. Eliza performed until 10 days before Edgar's birth and may have named her second son after the Mr. Edgar who led the Charleston Comedians.

New York City
The family relocated to New York City in the summer of 1809. Eliza had often been praised for her acting ability while David's performances were routinely criticized harshly, possibly due to his own stage fright. David, an ill-tempered alcoholic, abandoned the stage and his family about six weeks after moving to New York. Though David's fate is unknown, there is some evidence to suggest he died in Norfolk on December 11, 1811. Eliza gave birth to a third child, a daughter she called Rosalie, in December 1810. Rosalie was later described as "backward" and she may have been intellectually disabled. Eliza continued traveling as she performed.

Death

In 1811, while staying at a boarding house in Richmond, Virginia, for a performance, Eliza began spitting blood. Her performances became less frequent until October 1811 when she stopped appearing altogether. Her last performance was on October 11, 1811, as Countess Wintersen in a play called The Stranger.

Friends and fellow actors Mr. and Mrs. Luke Usher (the name may have inspired Poe's tale "The Fall of the House of Usher") took care of the children during Eliza's illness and many in the Richmond area took an interest in her health. On November 29 of that year, the Richmond Theater announced a benefit performance on her behalf. A local publication, the Enquirer, reported her need for help: "On this night, Mrs. Poe, lingering on the bed of disease and surrounded by her children, asks your assistance and asks it perhaps for the last time".

Eliza finally died on Sunday morning, December 8, 1811, at the age of twenty-four, surrounded by her children. It is generally assumed that she died of tuberculosis. She is buried at St. John's Episcopal Church in Richmond. Though her actual burying place is unknown, a memorial marks the general area.

After her death, her three children were split up. William Henry Leonard Poe lived with his paternal grandparents in Baltimore, Edgar Poe was taken in by John and Frances Allan in Richmond, and Rosalie Poe was adopted by William and Jane Scott Mackenzie in Richmond, Virginia.

Legacy
Though he was young when she died, Edgar Allan Poe was heavily affected by Eliza Poe's death and many of his works reflect her influence. His first published work "Metzengerstein" features a fire burning down a large home, possibly reflecting the fire that destroyed the Richmond Theatre, where she had performed. The fire occurred in December 1811, only three weeks after her death.

The early loss of his mother and other women, including his wife Virginia, may also have inspired Edgar Poe's often-used literary theme of dying women. This theme is readily present in works like "The Raven".

Notes

Sources
Meyers, Jeffrey. Edgar Allan Poe: His Life and Legacy. New York City: Cooper Square Press, 1992. .
Silverman, Kenneth. Edgar A. Poe: Mournful and Never-ending Remembrance. New York City: Harper Perennial, 1991. .
Sova, Dawn B. Edgar Allan Poe: A to Z. New York: Checkmark Books, 2001. .
Stashower, Daniel. The Beautiful Cigar Girl: Mary Rogers, Edgar Allan Poe, and the Invention of Murder. New York: Dutton, 2006. .

Further reading
Smith, Geddeth. The Brief Career of Eliza Poe. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press: April 1988.

External links

 "Market Lass: The Myriad Roles of Elizabeth Poe" by Maggi Smith-Dalton at Boston Singers Resource
 Eliza Poe at Poedecoder.com

1787 births
1811 deaths
19th-century American actresses
19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Actresses from London
American stage actresses
English emigrants to the United States
English stage actresses
Poe family (United States)
Tuberculosis deaths in Virginia

Eliza Poe


Earl of Suffolk is a title which has been created four times in the Peerage of England. The first creation, in tandem with the creation of the title of Earl of Norfolk, came before 1069 in favour of Ralph the Staller; but the title was forfeited by his heir, Ralph de Guader, in 1074. The second creation came in 1337 in favour of Robert de Ufford; the title became extinct on the death of his son, the second Earl, in 1382. The third creation came in 1385 in favour of Michael de la Pole. (For more information on this creation, see the Duke of Suffolk (1448 creation).) The fourth creation was in 1603 for Lord Thomas Howard, the second son of Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, by his second wife Margaret Audley, the daughter and eventual sole heiress of Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, of Audley End in the parish of Saffron Walden in Essex. Howard was a prominent naval commander and politician and served as Earl Marshal, as Lord Chamberlain of the Household and as Lord High Treasurer. In 1597 he was summoned to Parliament as Baron Howard de Walden, and in 1603 he was further honoured, at the start of the reign of King James I, when he was created Earl of Suffolk. His second son the Hon. Thomas Howard was created Earl of Berkshire in 1626.

Lord Suffolk was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. He had already in 1610 been summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father's junior title of Baron Howard de Walden. He later served as Captain of the Honourable Band of Gentlemen Pensioners and as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. On his death, the titles passed to his eldest son, the third Earl. He was Lord-Lieutenant of Suffolk and Cambridgeshire. Lord Suffolk had no sons and on his death in 1689 the barony of Howard de Walden fell into abeyance between his daughters (see the Baron Howard de Walden for later history of this title). He was succeeded in the earldom by his younger brother, the fourth Earl. He was childless and on his death, the title passed to his younger brother, the fifth Earl. He was succeeded by his son, the sixth Earl. He was a politician and served as First Lord of Trade. In 1706, three years before he succeeded his father, he was raised to the Peerage of England in his own right as Baron Chesterford, in the County of Essex, and Earl of Bindon, in the County of Dorset. His son, the seventh Earl, was Lord-Lieutenant of Essex and is also remembered as the owner of the slave Scipio Africanus. The Earl was childless and on his early death in 1722, the barony of Chesterford and earldom of Bindon became extinct.

He was succeeded in the earldom of Suffolk by his uncle, the eighth Earl. He died unmarried and was succeeded by his younger brother, the ninth Earl. His wife Henrietta Howard, Countess of Suffolk, was a mistress of King George II. On Lord Suffolk's death, the titles passed to his son, the tenth Earl. He represented Bere Alston in the House of Commons. He was childless and on his death, the line of the eldest son of the first Earl failed. The earldom was inherited by the late Earl's third cousin, the fourth Earl of Berkshire, who became the 11th Earl of Suffolk as well (see the Earl of Berkshire for earlier history of this branch of the family). He was succeeded by his grandson, the twelfth Earl (the son of William Howard, Viscount Andover). He was a politician and served as Lord Privy Seal and as Secretary of State for the Northern Department. On his death, the titles passed to his posthumous son, the 13th Earl. He died as an infant and was succeeded by his great-uncle, the 14th Earl. He was the third son of the 11th Earl. He sat as Member of Parliament for Castle Rising, Malmesbury and St Michael's. On his death in 1783, the line of the fourth son of the first Earl of Berkshire failed.

The late Earl was succeeded by his third cousin, the 15th Earl. He was the great-grandson of Colonel the Hon. Philip Howard, seventh son of the first Earl of Berkshire. Lord Suffolk and Berkshire was a General in the Army. On his death, the titles passed to his son, the 16th Earl. He represented Arundel in the House of Commons. His son, the 17th Earl, sat as Whig Member of Parliament for Malmesbury. When he died the titles passed to his son, the 18th Earl. He represented Malmesbury in Parliament as a Liberal. He was succeeded by his son, the 19th Earl. He was killed in action in the First World War. His eldest son, the 20th Earl, was a bomb disposal expert. He was killed in 1941 while trying to defuse an unexploded bomb and was posthumously awarded the George Cross. From 1941 to 2022 the titles were held by his eldest son, the 21st Earl, who as a young boy succeeded on his father's death.

The 22nd and present Earl of Suffolk, Alexander Charles Michael Winston Robsahm Howard, was born in 1974 and educated at the University of Bristol. In 2011, he married Victoria Hamilton, a daughter of James Hamilton, with whom he has three children. The heir apparent is their only son, Arthur Charles Alexander Howard, Viscount Andover (born 2014). They also have two daughters, but were divorced in 2018.

The family seat is Charlton Park, near Malmesbury, Wiltshire.

Earls of (Norfolk and) Suffolk, first creation
Ralph the Staller, 1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk (c. 1011 – 1068)
Ralph de Guader, 2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk (c. 1040 – c. 1096) (forfeit 1074)

Earls of Suffolk, second creation (1337)
Robert de Ufford, 1st Earl of Suffolk (1298–1369)
William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (1330–1382)

Earls of Suffolk, third creation (1385)
see the Duke of Suffolk (1448 creation)
forfeit 1504

Other Suffolk titles (16th century)
During the 16th century, the title Duke of Suffolk was created twice: 1514 (3 dukes; extinct 1551) and 1551 (1 duke; forfeit 1554).

Earls of Suffolk, fourth creation (1603)
Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (1561–1626)
Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (1584–1640)
James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk (1620–1689)
George Howard, 4th Earl of Suffolk (1624–1691)
Henry Howard, 5th Earl of Suffolk (1627–1709)
Henry Howard, 6th Earl of Suffolk, 1st Earl of Bindon (1670–1718)
Charles William Howard, 7th Earl of Suffolk, 2nd Earl of Bindon (1693–1722)
Edward Howard, 8th Earl of Suffolk (1672–1731)
Charles Howard, 9th Earl of Suffolk (1675–1733)
Henry Howard, 10th Earl of Suffolk (1706–1745)
Henry Bowes Howard, 11th Earl of Suffolk, 4th Earl of Berkshire (1687–1757)
William Howard, Viscount Andover (1714–1756)
Henry Howard, 12th Earl of Suffolk, 5th Earl of Berkshire (1739–1779)
Henry Howard, 13th Earl of Suffolk, 6th Earl of Berkshire (1779–1779)
Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Suffolk, 7th Earl of Berkshire (1721–1783)
John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk, 8th Earl of Berkshire (1739–1820)
Charles Nevinson Howard, Viscount Andover (1775–1800)
Thomas Howard, 16th Earl of Suffolk, 9th Earl of Berkshire (1776–1851)
Charles John Howard, 17th Earl of Suffolk, 10th Earl of Berkshire (1804–1876)
Henry Charles Howard, 18th Earl of Suffolk, 11th Earl of Berkshire (1833–1898)
Henry Molyneux Paget Howard, 19th Earl of Suffolk, 12th Earl of Berkshire (1877–1917)
Charles Henry George Howard, 20th Earl of Suffolk, 13th Earl of Berkshire (1906–1941)
Michael John James George Robert Howard, 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl of Berkshire (1935–2022)
Alexander Charles Michael Winston Robsahm Howard, 22nd Earl of Suffolk, 15th Earl of Berkshire (b. 1974)

Present peer
Alexander Charles Michael Winston Robsahm Howard, 22nd Earl of Suffolk & 15th Earl of Berkshire (born 17 September 1974) is the son of the 21st Earl and his second wife, Anita Fuglesang, a Norwegian. From birth until 2022 he was known formally as Viscount Andover, one of his father's subsidiary titles. He was educated at Eton College and the University of Bristol.

He succeeded his father to the peerages in 2022.

Other family members
Several other members of this branch of the Howard family have also gained distinction. The Hon. Edward Howard, younger son of the first Earl of Suffolk, was created Baron Howard of Escrick in 1628. The Hon. Henry Thomas Howard, second son of the 16th Earl, sat as Member of Parliament for Cricklade. The Hon. James Howard, fourth son of the 16th Earl, sat as Member of Parliament for Malmesbury. His grandson was the explorer and politician Charles Howard-Bury. The Hon. Greville Howard, younger son of the 19th Earl, sat as Member of Parliament for St Ives.  The life peer, Greville Howard, Baron Howard of Rising, is the great-grandson of the Hon. Greville Howard, second son of the 17th Earl.

 Charles Howard, 17th Earl of Suffolk, 10th Earl of Berkshire (1804–1876)
 Henry Howard, 18th Earl of Suffolk, 11th Earl of Berkshire (1833–1898)
 Henry Howard, 19th Earl of Suffolk, 12th Earl of Berkshire (1877–1917)
 Charles Howard, 20th Earl of Suffolk, 13th Earl of Berkshire (1906–1941)
 Michael Howard, 21st Earl of Suffolk, 14th Earl of Berkshire (1935–2022)
 Alexander Howard, 22nd Earl of Suffolk, 15th Earl of Berkshire (b. 1974)
(1). Arthur Charles Alexander Howard, Viscount Andover (b. 2014)
(2). Hon. Patrick Greville Howard (b. 1940)
(3). Jason Patrick Howard (b. 1968)
(4). Luke Thomas Jack Howard (b. 2000)
(5). Rory Alexander Howard (b. 1970)
(6). Timothy Charles Howard (b. 1973)
(7). Charles Edward Howard (b. 1974)
(8). Henry William Charles Howard (b. 2018)
Hon. Greville Theophilus Howard (1836–1880)
Charles Howard  (1878–1958)
Henry Redvers Greville Howard (1911–1978)
 (9). Greville Howard, Baron Howard of Rising (b. 1941)
(10). Hon. Thomas Henry Greville Howard (b. 1983)
(11). Hon. Charles Edward John Howard (b. 1986)

Family tree

See also
Baron Howard de Walden
Baron Howard of Escrick
Baron Howard of Penrith
Howard family

References

External links

Earldoms in the Peerage of England
People from Berkshire
People from Suffolk

Forfeited earldoms in the Peerage of England
Noble titles created in 1337
Noble titles created in 1385
Noble titles created in 1607

Earl of Suffolk


هاني الصقر: لاعب كرة قدم كويتي سابق.

 هاني سلامة: ممثل مصري.
 هاني الضابط: لاعب كرة قدم عماني.
 هاني الروماني: ممثل ومخرج سوري.
 هاني السعدي: كاتب وممثل سوري.
 هاني حلمي: داعية إسلامي مصري.
 هاني جميل القدومي: ناشط في مجال العمل الخيري.
 هاني سعيد: لاعب كرة قدم مصري.
 هاني هاني: ممثل ومخرج مسرحي عراقي.
 هاني شاكر: مغني مصري.
 هاني رمزي: ممثل مصري
 هاني رمزي: لاعب كرة مصري.
 هاني حسين: مغنٍ مصري.
 هاني السباعي: محامٍ مصري
 هاني الحامد: مذيع كويتي
 هاني الحسن: سياسي فلسطيني
 هاني الطيار: لاعب كرة قدم سوري
 هاني الطيطي: كاتب وروائي أردني

صفحات توضيح أشخاص

هاني (توضيح)


Dingyuan () Çin savaş gemisi ve İmparatorluk Beiyang Donanması'nın amiral gemisidir. Eski kitaplarda ismi geleneksel olarak Ting Yuen veya Ting Yuan olarak geçer. Kardeş gemisi Zhenyuan'dır.

Tasarım
Dingyuan "zırhlı taret gemisi" tipinde tasarlanmıştı. Zamanının en ileri savaş gemilerinden sayılır. Dönemin Büyük Britanya ve Almanya donanmalarındaki gemilerden daha iyi ya da eşdeğerdi. 94,5 metre uzunluğunda, 18,4 metre genişliğindeydi ve suya 5,94 metre batıyordu. 30 santimetre kalınlığındaki zırhı uzmanlara göre, dönemin tüm ateş güçlerine dayanabilecek nitelikteydi.

Gemi yüklüyken 7.670 ton ağırlığa ulaşıyordu, 6.000 beygir gücü vardı, saatte 14,5 deniz mili hız yapıyor ve 10 knotta (5,144 metre/saniye) 4.500 deniz mili mesafe alıyordu.

Silahlar
Ana silahı, iskelede ve geminin ortasında sancak tarafındaki iki top siperinde bulunan 4 adet 305-mm kalibre Krupp topuydu. İlk hızı 500 metre/saniye olan bu silahlar 7,8 kilometre menzile sahipti. Diğer iki 150-mm kalibre Krupp topu ise taretlere, pruva ve kıç tarafa yerleştirilmişti. Bu topların menzili 11.000 metreydi. Ayrıca 6 adet 37-mm tüfek ve üç adet su düzeyi torpil, tüplerinin üstünde bulunuyordu. Mürettebat yaklaşık 363 kişiydi. Gemideki iki hücumbot Dingyuan'ın hedef tarafından vurulma ihtimalini azaltarak savaş etkinliğini artırıyordu.

Gemide ayrıca, günde 300 kişinin su ihtiyacını karşılamak üzere 20 adet tuzlu su arıtıcısı bulunuyordu.

Tarih

Qing Hanedanı (Çince: 清朝; okunuşu Çinğ), Britanya ve Alman hükûmetleri ile görüşmelerin ardından 1881'de, geminin yapımı işini Almanya'nın Stettiner Maschinenbau AG Vulcan tersanesine 1,7 milyon tael gümüş (6,2 milyon Altın Alman markı)na vermiştir. Omurga 31 Mart 1881'de kızağa konulmuş, 28 Aralık 1881'de suya indirilmiş, deniz macerası ise 2 Mayıs 1883'te başlamıştır.

Dingyuan, teslimat için Alman mürettabat eşliğinde 1884'te yola çıkmış, fakat Çin'le, daha sonra Çin-Fransız Savaşı (1884-1885) ile sonuçlanacak bir anlaşmazlık içinde bulunan Fransa'nın isteği ile yolculuk ertelenmiştir. Dingyuan Fransa'nın Çin donanmasında yer alan gemilerinden çok daha güçlü bir gemiydi, bu nedenle çatışmada avantajlı durumdaydı özellikle Fooçov Savaşı'nda.

Dingyuan 1885'te yeniden yola çıkmış ve Çin'e ulaşmıştır. Aynı yıl, Weihai'de kurulan Beiyang Donanması, King Hanedanı'nın ilk modern donanması olarak Liugong Adası'nda konuşlandırılmıştır.

Qing Hanedanı 1890'ların ortasında, güçlenmekte olan Japon donanmasına rağmen, azalan gücü nedeniyle denizlerdeki yarışa katılma isteğini kaybetmiştir. İç bozulma, kaynakların azalması ve yetersizlik nedeniyle, İlk Çin-Japon Savaşı'nda İmparatorluk Japon Donanması Beiyang Donanması'nı kolaylıkla alt etmiştir. Dingyuan, Amiral Ding Ruchang'ın amiral gemisi olarak 17 Eylül 1894'teki Yalu Nehri Savaşı'nda  hizmet etmiştir. 5 Şubat 1895'te Dingyuan Japon torpili ve sonrasında top ateşi ile vurularak ciddi hasar görmüştür. Kaptan Liu Buchan geminin deniz musluğunun açılarak batırılması emrini vermiştir.

Yeniden inşası
Weihai Limanı Bürosu ve yerel Weigao Grup 50 milyon yuan (6 milyon $) yatırarak, Dingyuan'ın bir kopyasını yaptırmıştır. Orijinaliyle aynı ölçülerdeki kopyanın yapımı 20 Aralık 2003'te başlamıştır. Kopya Dingyuan şu anda yüzen müze gemi olarak çalışmaktadır. Dingyuan, Beiyan Donanması, İlk Çin-Japon Savaşı ile ilgili belgeler sergilenmekte ve deniz yaşamı sergileri yer almaktadır.

Notlar

Dış bağlantılar
 Beiyang Donanması

Kaynakça
 Wright, Richard N. J., The Chinese Steam Navy 1862-1945, Chatham Publishing, Londra, 2000, ISBN 1-86176-144-9
 Chesneau, Roger and Eugene M. Kolesnik (editors), All The World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905, Conway Maritime Press, 1979 yeniden basım 2002, ISBN 0-85177-133-5

Çin savaş gemileri

Dingyuan


Reschwitz ist ein Ortsteil der Stadt Saalfeld/Saale im Landkreis Saalfeld-Rudolstadt in Thüringen. Der Ort Reschwitz hatte 2015 (ohne den Ortsteil Knobelsdorf) 222 Einwohner.

Geografie
Reschwitz ist der niedrigst gelegene Ortsteil der Gemeinde, denn er liegt direkt westlich an der Saale und südlich von Saalfeld in einem langgestreckten Tal. Über die Kreisstraße 153 kommt man auf Umwegen in den Ort. Das galt auch für die Bauern und Landarbeiter des Gutes, die meist bergauf zu den Feldern fahren mussten. Später änderten sich die Verhältnisse bei den veränderten Produktionsbedingungen der Groß-LPG.

Geschichte
Am 17. Oktober 1263 wird in einer Urkunde ein Heinrich von Reschitz genannt, was als Ersterwähnung von Reschwitz vermutet wird. Im Urkundenbuch von Kloster Paulinzella wird am 28. Januar 1292 ein Hermann von Rodeswiz erwähnt, dessen Name Reschwitz mit höherer Gewissheit zugeordnet werden kann.

Reschwitz war 1691 von Hexenverfolgung betroffen. Andreas Kühn geriet nach einem negativen Gutachten des Pfarrers über ihn in einen Hexenprozess und wurde verbrannt.

Bis 1735 war der Reschwitzer Edelhof Sitz derer von Lengefeld, den Herren von Reschwitz und Pippelsdorf. Danach hatten es die Herren von Schönfeld. 1836 kaufte Carl Friedrich Engelhardt zu Saalfeld das Gut Reschwitz.  Bis 1918 lag der Ort im Leutenberger Gebiet der Oberherrschaft des Fürstentums Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.

Die Kirche, die am 1. November 1903 geweiht wurde, ersetzte den abgebrannten Vorgängerbau von 1736.

Das Gut gehörte vor 1945 dem Besitzer der Schokoladenfabrik Mauxion. Es wurde nach 1945 Volkseigenes Gut. Auch die Industrie fasste im Ort mit der Reschwitzer Saugbagger Produktions-GmbH Fuß.

Von 1994 bis 1996 gehörte Reschwitz der Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Saalfelder Höhe an. Mit Umwandlung dieser in die Einheitsgemeinde Saalfelder Höhe zum 1. Januar 1997 wurde es ein Ortsteil dieser. Saalfelder Höhe wurde am 6. Juli 2018 nach Saalfeld/Saale eingemeindet.

Söhne und Töchter des Ortes
 Carl Christoph von Lengefeld (1715–1775), fürstlich-schwarzburgischer Forstmann, Schwiegervater von Friedrich Schiller.
 Karl Wagner (1854–1930), Heimatgeologe, Fossiliensammler und Botaniker

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Geographie (Saalfeld/Saale)
Ort im Landkreis Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Landkreis Saalfeld-Rudolstadt)
Ersterwähnung 1263
Gemeindeauflösung 1997

Reschwitz


Onthophagus tweedensis é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Blackburn em 1903.

Referências

Ligações externas

tweedensis
Coleópteros descritos em 1903

Onthophagus tweedensis


Agrilus goryi é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Saunders, 1871.

Referências

goryi

Agrilus goryi


The Man-Machine (njemački: Die Mensch-Maschine) sedmi je studijski album njemačkog elektroničko glazbenog sastava Kraftwerk, objavljen 19. svibnja 1978. godine. Dvije su skladbe s albuma bile objavljene kao singlovi, "The Model" i "The Robots".

Pozadina i objava
The Man-Machine prvi je album Kraftwerka na kojem je Karl Bartos skladao pjesme uz Ralfa Hüttera i Floriana Schneidera. Emil Schult doprinio je pisanju pjesme "The Model".

U listopadu 2009. godine bila je objavljena nova inačica albuma, a objavila ju je diskografska kuća Mute Records za Europu, i Astralwerks za SAD.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje
Kraftwerk
Ralf Hütter — vokali, vokoder, sintisajzer, klavijature, orkestron, elektronika
Florian Schneider — vokoder, votrax, sintisajzer, elektronika
Karl Bartos — elektronički bubnjevi
Wolfgang Flür — elektronički bubnjevi
Ostalo osoblje
Ralf Hütter — produkcija, koncept albuma
Florian Schneider — produkcija, koncept albuma
Joschko Rudas — inženjer zvuka
Leanard Jackson — inženjer zvuka
Henning Schmitz — asistent

Izvori

Albumi iz 1978.
Njemački glazbeni albumi

The Man-Machine


Araby es un cuento del escritor irlandés James Joyce. Apareció en Dublineses, una colección de cuentos publicada en 1914.

Argumento
El protagonista del cuento es un niño que está secretamente enamorado de la hermana de su vecino y amigo. Un día se le presenta la oportunidad de hablar con su amada: ella le pregunta si va a ir al bazar llamado Araby. Él, todavía atónito porque su amada le ha dirigido la palabra, responde afirmativamente aun sin estar seguro de que sea así. Ella le dice que no puede ir porque habrá un retiro espiritual en su escuela, por lo que él le promete traerle un regalo. Finalmente, el niño llega tarde al bazar por culpa de su tío y encuentra la mayoría de los negocios cerrados. Él queda muy desilusionado ya que el bazar no era tan magnificente como él se lo imaginaba.

Adaptaciones cinematográficas
En 1999 Dennis Courtney produjo y dirigió un corto cinematográfico basado en este libro.

Referencias

Bibliografía
Sparknotes.com "Araby", resumen y análisis.

Cuentos de James Joyce
Cuentos de 1914

Araby


Olaylar
 19 Ocak - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe'nin eseri Faust ilk kez sahnelendi.
 3 Mart - II. Mahmut'un Kıyafet Islahati
 Mart - İlk lokomotif olan Stephenson's Rocket İngiltere'de Londra-Oxford-Liverpool arası sefere başladı.
 9 Ekim - Prof. Friedrich Parrot, Marco Polo'nun hiçbir zaman tırmanılamaz dediği Ağrı Dağı'na ilk kez tırmandı.

Doğumlar
 7 Mart - Eduard Vogel, Alman kaşif
 9 Eylül - Lev Tolstoy, Rus filozof, yazar
 5 Ekim - Chester A. Arthur, ABD'nin 21. Başkanı
 29 Kasım - Anton Grigoryeviç Rubinstein, Rus bestekâr ve piyanist.

Ölümler
 Mahmud Celaleddin, Türk Hattat

1829


Haynes Township ist der Name folgender Townships in den Vereinigten Staaten:
* Haynes Township (Michigan)
 Haynes Township (North Dakota)

Siehe auch:
 Haines Township

Haynes Township


Fitzroya is a monotypic genus in the cypress family. The single living species, Fitzroya cupressoides, is a tall, long-lived conifer native to the Andes mountains and coastal regions of southern Chile, and only to the Argentine Andes, where it is an important member of the Valdivian temperate forests. Common names include alerce ("larch" in Spanish), lahuán (Spanish, from the Mapuche name lawal), and Patagonian cypress. The genus was named in honour of Robert FitzRoy.

Description
Fitzroya cupressoides is the largest tree species in South America, normally growing to 40–60 m, but occasionally more than 70 m, and up to 5 m in trunk diameter. Its rough pyramidal canopy provides cover for the southern beech, laurel and myrtle. The largest known living specimen is Alerce Milenario in Alerce Costero National Park, Chile. It is more than 60 m tall, with a trunk diameter of 4.26 m. Much larger specimens existed before the species was heavily logged in the 19th and 20th centuries; Charles Darwin reported finding a specimen 12.6 m in diameter.

The leaves are in decussate whorls of three, 3–6 mm long (to 8 mm long on seedlings) and 2 mm broad, marked with two white stomatal lines. This is a dioecious species, with male and female cones on separate trees. The cones are globose, 6–8 mm in diameter, opening flat to 12 mm across, with nine scales in three whorls of three. Only the central whorl of scales is fertile, bearing 2–3 seeds on each scale; the lower and upper whorls are small and sterile. The seeds are 2–3 mm long and flat, with a wing along each side. The seeds mature 6–8 months after pollination.

The thick bark of F. cupressoides may be an adaptation to wildfire.

In 1993 a specimen from Chile, "Gran Abuelo" or "Alerce Milenario", was found to be 3622 years old, making it the second oldest fully verified (by counting growth rings) age for any living tree species, after the bristlecone pine. More recent research proposed that this individual corresponds to the oldest tree in the world.

A team of researchers from the University of Tasmania found fossilized foliage of a Fitzroya species on the Lea River of northwest Tasmania. The 35-million-year-old (Oligocene)  fossil was named F. tasmanensis. The finding demonstrates the ancient floristic affinities between Australasia and southern South America, which botanists identify as the Antarctic flora.

About 40 to 50 thousand years ago, during the interstadials of the Llanquihue glaciation, Fitzroya and other conifers had a much larger and continuous geographical extent than at present including the eastern lowlands of Chiloé Island and the area west of Llanquihue Lake. At present Fitzroya grow mainly at some altitude above sea level. Fitzroya stands near sea level are most likely relicts.

History
Fitzroya cupressoides wood has been found in the site of Monte Verde, implying that it has been used since at least 13,000 years before present. The Huilliche people are known to have used the wood for making tools and weapons.

By the time of the Spanish conquest of Chiloé Archipelago in 1567 most of the islands were covered by dense forest where F. cupressoides grew. The wood was economically important in colonial Chiloé and Valdivia, which exported planks to Peru. A single tree could yield 600 planks with a width of at least 0.5 m and a length of 5 m. The wood was highly valued in Chile and Peru for its elasticity and lightness. With the destruction of Valdivia in 1599 Chiloé gained increased importance as the only locale that could supply the Viceroyalty of Peru with F. cupressoides wood, the first large shipment of which left Chiloé in 1641.

Fitzroya cupressoides wood was the principal means of exchange in the trade with Peru, and even came to be used as a local currency, the real de alerce, in Chiloé Archipelago. It has been argued that the Spanish exclave of Chiloé prevailed over other Spanish settlements in Southern Chile due to the importance of alerce trade.

From about 1750 to 1943, when the land between Maullín River and Valdivia was colonized by Spain and then Chile, numerous fires of Fitzroya woods occurred in Cordillera Pelada. These fires were initiated by Spaniards, Chileans and Europeans. Earlier, from 1397 to 1750 the Fitzroya woods of Cordillera Pelada also suffered from fires that originated from lightning strikes and indigenous inhabitants.

In the 1850s and 1860s Vicente Pérez Rosales burned down huge tracts of forested lands to provide cleared lands for German settlers in Southern Chile. The area affected by the fires of Pérez Rosales spanned a strip in the Andean foothills from Bueno River to Reloncaví Sound. One of the most famous intentional fires was the one of the Fitzroya forests between Puerto Varas and Puerto Montt in 1863. This burning was done taking advantage of a drought in 1863. Burnings of forest were in many cases necessary for the survival of the settlers who had no means of subsistence other than agriculture.

Logging of Fitzroya continued until 1976 when it became forbidden by law, (with the exception of already dead trees and with the authorization of CONAF, a National Corporation) although illegal logging still occasionally occurs.

See also
List of superlative trees
Ñadi

References

Bibliography
Otero, Luis (2006). La huella del fuego: Historia de los bosques nativos. Poblamiento y cambios en el paisaje del sur de Chile. Pehuén Editores. .

T.T. Veblen, B.R. Burns, T. Kitzberger, A. Lara and R. Villalba (1995) The ecology of the conifers of southern South America. Pages 120-155 in: N. Enright and R. Hill (eds.), Ecology of the Southern Conifers. Melbourne University Press.

External links

Fitzroya cupressoides in Chilebosque  (Spanish)
Fitzroya cupressoides in Encyclopedia of the Chilean Flora (Spanish)
Conifers Around the World: Fitzroya cupressoides – Alerce
ents-bbs.org / Tall trees in Chile and Argentina?
ents-bbs.org / Chile Trip Part 3: Parque Nacional Alerce Andino

Cupressaceae
Monotypic conifer genera
Flora of the Andes
Trees of Argentina
Trees of Chile
Flora of central Chile
Endangered flora of South America
Dioecious plants
Flora of the Valdivian temperate forests

Fitzroya


Enginar (Cynara scolymus), papatyagiller familyasından mavi-mor renkli çiçekler açan, 50-150 cm boyunda çok senelik otsu bir bitki. Güney Avrupa ve Akdeniz çevresinde yetişir.

Morfolojik özellikleri

Gövdeleri dik, kuvvetli, sert ve boyuna olukludur. Yaprakları sapsız, büyük, uzun-oval ve parçalıdır. Çiçekler üst yaprakların koltuğundan çıkan, uzun sapların ucunda büyük başçıklar halinde toplanmıştır. Çiçek tablası etlidir. Hepsi tüp şeklinde olan çiçekleri ve bunların aralarında bulunan tüyleri taşır.

Yetiştiriciliği

Enginar genel olarak Türkiye'de ve birçok ülkede vegetatif yolla üretilmektedir. Fransa, İtalya ve İspanya'da doğrudan tohumla üretilen çeşitler geliştirilmiştir.
Enginarda vegatatif yolla üretim dip sürgünleri veya üzerinde gözlerin bulunduğu kök parçaları ile yapılabildiği gibi sadece gözlerin ana gövdeden çıkarılıp değişik ortamlarda köklendirilerek de yapılabilir. En yaygın üretim şekli sürgünlerle yapılan üretimdir.

Yeni kurulacak Enginar plantasyonlarında dikiminden önce toprak derin sürülmeli ve gübrelenmelidir. Derin sürümden sonra diskaro ve tırmık çekilerek toprak dikime hazır duruma getirilmelidir.

Dikim genellikle Akdeniz ve Ege bölgesinde Ekim–Kasım aylarında, Marmara bölgesinde ise Mart–Nisan aylarında yapılır. En uygun dikim masuralar üzerine sıra arası ve üzeri 1x1 m mesafe ile yapılır.

Ürünler
Bir enginar likörü olan Cynar İtalya'da çok popüler olan bir alkollü içkidir.

Enginar Festivali

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Cynara
Sebzeler
Şifalı bitkiler

Enginar