La paléo-inspiration est un changement de paradigme qui conduit des scientifiques et concepteurs à s'inspirer de matériaux, systèmes ou procédés anciens (issus de l'art, de l'archéologie, de l'histoire naturelle ou des paléoenvironnements) pour développer de nouveaux matériaux, systèmes ou procédés, notamment dans une optique de durabilité et de création.

La paléo-inspiration a déjà contribué à de nombreuses applications dans des domaines aussi variés que la chimie verte, la mise au point de nouveaux matériaux d'artiste, les matériaux composites, la microélectronique, ou encore les matériaux de la construction.

Sémantique et définitions
Si ce type d'application est connu de longue date, le concept lui-même a été forgé par des équipes du CNRS, du Massachusetts Institute of Technology et de la Haute école spécialisée bernoise à partir du terme bio-inspiration. Ils ont publié ce concept dans un article princeps publié en ligne en 2017 par la revue Angewandte Chemie.

Différentes appellations ont été utilisées pour désigner les applications correspondantes, notamment : paléo-inspiré, "antiqua-inspired", "antiquity-inpired" ou archéomimétique. L'utilisation de ces différentes appellations souligne le décalage temporel extrêmement important entre les sources d'inspiration, depuis des millions d'années lorsqu'on considère des systèmes paléontologiques et des fossiles, jusqu'à des systèmes matériels archéologiques ou artistiques beaucoup plus récents, voire subactuels (issus de la création contemporaine ou du patrimoine industriel).

Propriétés recherchés
Des propriétés physico-chimiques et mécaniques distinctes sont recherchées.

Elles peuvent concerner des propriétés intrinsèques des matériaux paléo-inspirés :

 durabilité (matériaux retrouvés dans certains contextes, ayant résisté à l'altération dans ces environnements) et résistance à la corrosion ou à l'altération
 propriétés électroniques ou magnétiques
 propriétés optiques (notamment à partir de pigments ou colorants, de matériaux utilisés pour la fabrication céramique)

Elles peuvent aussi concerner les procédés de mise en œuvre :

 procédés à faible consommation énergétique ou en ressources, dans une optique de procédés chimiques favorisant un développement soutenable
 notamment des procédés de synthèse par chimie douce

La démarche paléo-inspirée
Cette démarche combine plusieurs étapes clés.

 Observation : Cette phase concerne les matériaux, leurs propriétés, ou bien les procédés de mise en œuvre (en relation notamment avec l'étude des chaînes opératoires en archéologie, ou bien l'histoire des techniques, notamment celle des techniques artistiques), et les processus d'altération (voire notamment les travaux réalisés en taphonomie expérimentale). Il s'agit donc d'une première phase de rétro-ingénierie. Une partie de ces études relève du champ de l'anthropologie. Comme dans le cas de la bio-inspiration, cette phase est fondamentale et s'appuie sur une démarche privilégiant une exploration créative des objets, avec peu da priori'' (sérendipité).
 Re-création : Cette première phase est suivie d'une deuxième visant à simplifier matériaux, systèmes et procédés pour identifier les mécanismes fondamentaux à l'origine des propriétés observées. Cette étape requiert un aller-retour entre la synthèse de systèmes simplifiés et caractérisation des objets d'étude.
 Conception :''' Enfin, s'ensuit une phase de conception ou de design, concernant donc les matériaux, systèmes ou procédés, et visant à leur mise en œuvre concrète pour des applications.

Quelques applications pratiques

Matériaux de construction durables
Parmi les exemples emblématiques figurent l'étude microscopique des phases minérales présentes dans les bétons romain pour en reproduire la durabilité dans des environnements agressifs, notamment en milieu marin.

Matières colorantes durables
Une découverte notable est l'élucidation de la structure atomique du bleu maya, pigment composite associant une argile à un colorant organique, qui a conduit des équipes à produire des pigments inspirés de ce pigment historique présentant d'autres couleurs, comme le "violet maya".

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Matériau ancien

Bibliographie

Méthode liée à l'archéologie

Paléo-inspiration


Thomas Wentworth Higginson (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1823 - 1911), fue un pastor de la Iglesia Unitaria, escritor, abolicionista y soldado. Tomó parte activa (1862-1864) en el Movimiento Abolicionista a mediados del siglo XIX. Prestó servicio como coronel del Primer Regimiento de Voluntarios de Carolina del Sur, el primer afroamericano del que se tiene constancia. Acabada la guerra, Higginson se entregó el resto de su vida para luchar por los derechos de los esclavos liberados, mujeres y otras personas desfavorecidas.

Relación con Emily Dickinson

Higginson es recordado especialmente debido a la correspondencia que mantuvo con la poetisa Emily Dickinson, de la que era mentor literario.

En la primavera de 1862, Higginson publicó un artículo en el periódico Atlantic Monthly titulado "Epístola a un joven colaborador", en la cual aconseja a los jóvenes escritores que comenzaban a dar a conocer sus obras. Emily, por aquel entonces con 32 años, le remitió una carta incluyendo cuatro de sus poemas y preguntándole: "¿Estaría usted tan ocupado como para decirme si es el mío un verso vivo?" (Carta 261). En su réplica, Higginson hizo una crítica del verso extraño y desnudo de la escritora, al mismo tiempo que le pedía que le remitiera otros poemas y alguna información sobre su vida personal e intereses literarios.

De este modo fue convirtiéndose en el mentor de la poetisa, si bien no compartía muchos de sus puntos de vista en lo referente a la creatividad de quien por aquel entonces era totalmente desconocida en los ambientes literarios.

Tras el fallecimiento de Emily Dickinson, Higginson colaboró con Mabel Loomis Todd en la publicación de su obra poética.

Selección de obras
Outdoor Papers (1863)
Malbone: an Oldport Romance (1869)
Army Life in a Black Regiment (1870)
Atlantic Essays (1871)
Oldport Days (1873)
A Book of American Explorers (1877)
Common Sense About Women (1881)
Life of Margaret Fuller Ossoli (in American Men of Letters series, 1884)
A Larger History of the United States of America to the Close of President Jackson's Administration (1885)
The Monarch of Dreams (1886)
Travellers and Outlaws (1889)
The Afternoon Landscape (1889), poemas y traducciones
Life of Francis Higginson (in Makers of America, 1891)
Concerning All of Us (1892)
The Procession of the Flowers and Kindred Papers (1897)
Tales of the Enchanted Islands of the Atlantic (1898)
Cheerful Yesterdays (1898)
Old Cambridge (1899)
Contemporaries (1899)
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (en American Men of Letters series, 1902)
John Greenleaf Whittier (en "English Men of Letters" series, 1902)
A Readers History of American Literature (1903), the Lowell Institute lectures for 1903, editadas por Henry W Boynton
Part of a Man's Life (1905)
Life and Times of Stephen Higginson (1907)
Carlyle's Laugh and Other Surprises (1909)

Abolicionistas de Estados Unidos
Escritores de Estados Unidos

Thomas Wentworth Higginson


Prvenstvo Hrvatske u ragbiju za sezonu 2017./18. je šesnaesti put zaredom osvojila momčad "Nada" iz Splita.

Prva liga

Sustav natjecanja
Sudjeluje 5 klubova, uključujući i jedan klub iz Slovenije, koji igraju dvokružnu ligu. Po završetku lige, dvije najuspješnije hrvatske momčadi igraju za prvaka lige.

Sudionici

 Sinj - Sinj
 Nada - Split
 Mladost - Zagreb
 Zagreb - Zagreb
  Ljubljana - Ljubljana (van konkurencije)

Ljestvica

Rezultati ligaškog dijela
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Druga liga
Druga liga se igra jednokružno. Prvak je postala "Makarska Rivijera".

Sudionici

 Invictus - Dubrovnik
 Makarska Rivijera - Makarska
 Šibenik, Šibenik
 Lokomotiva, Zagreb
 Zagreb II, Zagreb

Ljestvica

Rezultati

Povezani članci
 Kup Hrvatske u ragbiju 2017./18.
 Prvenstvo Hrvatske u ragbiju 7 2018.

Izvori

 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske - Seniori , pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2017/18 - 1. Liga (tablica), pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2017/18 - 1. Liga (raspored i rezultati), pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018.
 zagreb-rugby.hr, HRS Prva liga (s Ljubljanom) (pogrešan broj pobjeda za Nadu i Ljubljanu), pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018.
 zagreb-rugby.hr, HRS Prva liga – Tablica (pogrešan broj pobjeda za Nadu), pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018.; 30. lipnja 2018.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2017/18 - 2. Liga (tablica), pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018., 16. prosinca 2018.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2017/18 - 2. Liga (raspored i rezultati), pristupljeno 9. travnja 2018.,  16. prosinca 2018.

2017-18

Prvenstvo Hrvatske u ragbiju 2017./18.


Gutenberg Projesi (, Kısaca: PG), telif hakkı olmayan kültürel eserleri dijital ortama aktarmak, arşivlemek ve dağıtmak amacıyla yürütülen gönüllü bir çalışmadır.

1971 yılında kurulan Gutenberg Projesi, dünyanın en eski dijital kütüphanesidir. İnternet'in doğmasından sonra Web ortamına taşınmıştır.
Proje, özellikle edebiyat eserlerinin olabildiğince ücretsiz ve kalıcı bir biçimde, herhangi bir bilgisayarda kullanılabilen açık formatlarda serbestçe dağıtılmalarını sağlar.

Tarihçe
Proje, 1971  yılında Illinois Üniversitesi'nde Michael S. Hart tarafından Amerikan Bağımsızlık Bildirisi'nin dijitalleştirilmesiyle başlatıldı. Üniversitenin öğrencisi olduğu sırada insan-makine arayüzleri konusunda çalışmış olan Hart'a, bilgisayarlara erişimin çok sınırlı ve pahalı olduğu o günlerde Materyal Araştırma Laboratuvarı'ndaki Xerox Sigma V bilgisayarının işleticisi olan arkadaşları tarafından bilgisayar erişim imkanı sağlanmış; ve söz konusu bilgisayarın İnternetin öncülü ARPANET'in bir parçası olduğunun bilincinde olan Hart, kendisine verilen çok değerli bilgisayar-zamanını hangi amaç uğruna kullanacağı konusunda bir süre kafa yorduktan sonra, ABD Bağımsızlık Günü nedeniyle o gün (4 Temmuz 1971) yerel markette kopyaları dağıtılan Amerikan Bağımsızlık Bildirgesi'ni yazmaya karar vermişti. Hart'ın teleprinter ile yazdığı Bağımsızlık Bildirgesi'ni Haklar Bildirisi, ABD Anayasası, İncil ve Shakespeare'in eserleri ile "Alice Harikalar Diyarında" ve "Peter Pan" gibi yapıtlar takip etti.

Tarayıcı ve optik karakter tanıma yazılımının geliştiği 1989 yılına kadar metinler bilgisayara elle girildi. 1989 yılında onuncu kitabını yayımlayan proje, 1990'larda İnternet kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıyla hızlandı. Hart, 16 yıl boyunca tek başına çalışarak 313 kitap yükledi. Projeye matbaanın mucidi Johannes Gutenberg'in   adını verdi.

Hart'ın 1998 yılında yeni kurulan Illinois Üniversitesi PC Kullanıcı Grubu ile bağlantı kurup bir e-posta listesi yoluyla projesini duyurmaya başlamasından sonra gönüllülerden oluşan bir ekibin çalışması ile yılın sonunda 1.600 kitap projeye yüklendi.  2000  yılına kadar 10bin e-kitap oluşturma ve her bir e-kitabı ortalama 100milyon okuyucuya ulaştırma hedefi koyan Hart, çabalarından dolayı Wired dergisinin Kasım 1998 sayısında,  teknoloji yoluyla topluma önderlik edenlerin seçildiği "Wired 25" listesinde yer aldı. Carnige Mellon Üniversitesi projenin finansörlüğünü üstlendi.

27 Ekim 1998'de Amerikan Meclisi'nin Telif Süresi Uzatma Kanunu'nu onaylaması sonucu kültürel üretimlerin büyük bölümünün kamu malına dönüşmesi süresi 20 yıl ertelendi. Bu gelişme, projenin önüne çıkan önemli bir engeldi. Hart, her şeye rağmen 2020 yılına kadar 9 milyon kitabın  kamuya açık hale geleceğini hesaplayarak  Gutenberg Projesi için yeni bir misyon belirledi: 100 dilde 10 milyon e-Kitap sunmak.

Çevrimiçi bir katalog içeren ilk Gutenberg Web sitesi 1994 yılında İtalya'dan bir gönüllü olan Pietro Di Micel tarafından geliştirildi. Site, izleyen on yıl içinde birçok ödül kazandı.

Projenin gereksinimlerinin karşılanabilmesi için 2000 yılında Mississippi eyaletinde kâr amacı gütmeyen. Gutenberg Projesi Edebî Arşiv Vakfı kuruldu. Gregory Newby vakfın ilk başkanı oldu.

Projenin 40. yılında (2011) Michael Hart hayatını kaybetti. Gutenberg Projesi, günümüzde varlığını Kuzey Karolina Üniversitesinde sürdürmektedir.

İdealler
Gutenberg Projesi, e e-kitapların oluşturulması ve dağıtılması konusunda insanları teşvik etmek üzere geliştirilmiş, belirli bir merkezi olmayan bir gönüllülük projesidir. Proje, hangi metinlerin ekleneceğine dair bir seçim uygulamadığı gibi, gönüllülerin çalışmasına, ulaşabildikleri veya ilgilendikleri konularda metinlerin seçilmesine dayanır. Projenin ideali Micheal Hart'ın şu sözüyle ifade edilmiştir:

Birçok gönüllünün halk kütüphanelerini yaymaya ve edebi mirası korumaya yönelik çalışmalarının yanı sıra, Gutenberg Projesi Koleksiyonu sayesinde ise eserler olası bir kazaya karşı korunmakta, düzenli olarak yedeklenmekte ve farklı birçok sunucuya yansıtılmaktadır.

CD ve DVD Projesi
Ağustos 2003'te, Gutenberg Projesi koleksiyonundaki "en iyi" 600 civarı e-kitabın bulunduğu bir CD oluşturdu. CD, ISO dosyası formatında kullanıcıya sunuldu. CD'yi indirmeyi başaramayan kullanıcılar için CD'nin bir kopyasını ücretsiz olarak kullanıcıya yollama seçeneği de sunuldu.

Aralık 2003'te içinde yaklaşık 10.000 dosya bulunan bir DVD oluşturuldu. O zaman için bu sayı koleksiyonun neredeyse tamamını kapsıyordu. 2004'ün ilk aylarında DVD posta yoluyla kullanıcılara sunuldu.

Temmuz 2007'de DVD'nin içinde 17.000'den fazla dosyanın bulunduğu yeni bir versiyonu oluşturuldu. Nisan 2010'da içinde yaklaşık 30.000 dosya bulunan çift katmanlı bir DVD kullanıcıya sunuldu.

DVD'lerin büyük kısmı ve postayla yollanan CD'lerin tamamı gönüllüler tarafından kayıt cihazları ile kaydedildi. Ekim 2010'e kadar postayla iletilen disk sayısı yaklaşık 40.000'dir. 2017'den itibaren ücretsiz CD teslimatı durdurulmuştur fakat ISO dosyası yüklemek isteyenler için hâlâ mevcuttur.

Çoklu Kaynaklar
Gutenberg Projesi, e-kitap yaratma sürecinde birden çok basılı kaynağın kullanımını teşvik eder. Gutenberg Projesinin ilk e-kitabı olan Amerikan Bağımsızlık Bildirgesi de dahil olmak üzere birçok eserin basılı kaynaklarda farklı versiyonları mevcuttur-. Bunların bir örneği de Shakespeare eserleridir. Gutenberg Projesinde Shakespeare eserlerinin farklı versiyonları mevcuttur. Uygulamada birçok Gutenberg Projesi e-kitabı tek bir basılı kaynağa dayansa da eksik sayfalar veya görseller için farklı bir versiyondan yararlanılır.

Koleksiyondaki e-Kitapların "Gutenberg Projesi e-kitapları" olarak belirtilmesi esastır. Basılı bir eserin yayınevi baskısı ve ön parçası dahil edilse bile, içeriğin basılı eserle tam olarak eşleştiğine dair hiçbir garanti yoktur (en azından alt bilgi ve üst bilgi kaldırılmaktadır).

Eleştiri
Michael Hart ve John S. Guagliardo tarafından Mart 2004'te, düşük maliyetle de olsa maddi kazanç sağlamak için bir girişim başladı. PG gönüllüleri, bu projeyi maddi karşılığı olan bir girişim olduğu için 'Project Gutenberg 2' adının verilmesini eleştirdi. Proje gönüllüler tarafından yönetildiği için, eserlerin yayınlanırken telif hakkının durumu, tarama kolaylığı ve popülerlik gibi faktörler göz önüne alınmıştır ve bu durum belirli topluluklara ve hedef kitleye hitap etmeyi zorlaştırmaktadır.

Metinlerdeki paragraflar çift satır aralığı ile ayrılır ve 65-70 karakter arasında yazılır. Dosyalar UTF-8'de kodlanmış ve düz metin biçimi kullanılarak yazılmıştır. Son yıllarda, ortaya çıkan görünüm ve işaretlemenin olmaması, genellikle bu formatın bir dezavantajı olarak algılanmıştır. Gutenberg Projesi, birçok metni PDF, HTML ve EPUB ve sürümlerinde de kullanıma sunarak bu sorunu çözmeye çalışmıştır. Eski metinlerin HTML sürümleri, otomatik oluşturulmuş sürümlerdir.

Bazı Gutenberg Projesi e-metinlerine eksikler olduğu için eleştiriler yöneltildi. Kullanılan basımların yetersiz olması bu eleştirilerin sebeplerinden biri. Bu gibi eksikler metinlerin aslına uygun olmamasını ve akademik makalelerde kullanılmamasına neden olmuştur.

Diller
1 Ağustos 2016 itibarıyla Gutenberg koleksiyonunda bulunan 66 dildeki 52615 e-kitabın dillere göre dağılımı aşağıda gösterilmiştir.

İngilizce-43095
Fransızca-2711
Almanca-1469
Fince-1421
Flemenkçe-739
İtalyan-678
Portekizce-540
İspanyo-l504
Çince-427
Yunan-219
İsveççe-128
Macarca-112
Esperanto-112

Latince-102
Danimarka  dili-66
Tagalogca-60
Lehçe-31
Katalanca-31
Japonca-22
Norveççe-17
Galce-11
Çekçe-10
Rusça-9
İzlandaca-7
Furlanca-7
Teluguca-6

İbranice-6
Ortaçağ İngilizcesi-6
Bulgarca-6
Sırpça-4
Eski-4
Afrikaans-4
Amerikan yerli dili-3
Nahuat-l3
Iloko-3
Sabuanca-3
Romence-2
Navahoca-2
Maya dilleri-2

Maorice-2
Antik Yunanca-2
Galce-2
İrlandaca-2
Frizce-2
Arapahoca-2
Yidiş-1
Slovence-1
Sanskritçe-1
Calo-1
Ojibvaca-1
Oksitanca-1
Napolice-1

Litvanca-1
Korece-1
Gamilaraay-1
Khasi-1
İnuitçe-1
Interlingua-1
Galiçyaca-1
Farsça-1
Estonca-1
Kaşupça-1
Bretonca-1
Giangan-1
Arapça-1
Aleutça-1

Dış bağlantılar
  Project Gutenberg resmî Web sitesi
  Forty Five Years of Digitizing Ebooks , Gregory B. Newby, 2019

Kaynakça

1971'de Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde kurulan oluşumlar
1971'de kurulan kuruluşlar
Açık erişim
Çevrimiçi veri tabanları
Çokdilli web siteleri
Dijital kütüphaneler
E-kitaplar
İş birliği projeleri
Johannes Gutenberg
Kamu malı
Kitap siteleri
MediaWiki Web siteleri

Gutenberg Projesi


Crkva svetog Lovre u Petrinji izgrađena u kasno-baroknom odnosno klasicističkom stilu je replika prvobitne crkve, koja je porušena za vrijeme velikosrpske okupacije Petrinje, 23. veljače 1992. godine.

Položaj
Crkva se nalazi u strogom centru Petrinje u gradskom parku na Strossmayerovom šetalištu, u Pokuplju 13 km jugoistočno od Siska, na utoku Petrinjčice u Kupu, na 106 m apsolutne nadmorske visine.

Povijest
Prva crkva u Petrinji izgrađena je 1603. godine, a prvotna (stara) crkva svetog Lovre u Petrinji u kasnobaroknom, odnosno neoklasicističkom stilu 1780. godine. Više od pola stoljeća crkva nije imala stalne svećenike, a župa je postojala povremeno. Župa svetog Lovre stalno djeluje tek od 1677. godine u sastavu Vojne krajine, i bila je pod velikim utjecajem krajiških vojnih vlasti.

Preživjela je teška razaranja Petrinje koju su napravili velikosrpski pobunjenici i JNA tijekom borba za grad ljeta i rane jeseni 1991. godine. Značajna oštećenja pretrpila je 2. rujna 1991., kad je potpukovnik JNA Slobodan Tarbuk zaprijetio hrvatskim snagama i ispunio prijetnju, pa je tog dana pored drugih civilnih objekata i crkva pogođena tenkovskim projektilima. Crkva je porušena do temelja 23. veljače 1992. godine. Do danas nije poznat počinitelj.

Nakon miniranja i rušenja crkve do temelja, teren je očišćen od ostataka i na njenom mjestu je zasijana trava i osmišljen park.

Poslije vojne operacije "Oluja" i oslobađanja Petrinje na temeljima stare crkve 2004. godine sagrađena je nova koja je do detalja arhitektonski oblikovana po projektima stare crkve, u već postojećem gradskom parku.

Od posljedica potresa 28. prosinca 2020. nastradalo je krovište crkve.

Zvono
Zvono, koje je zvonilo na misnom slavlju koje je u Mariji Bistrici predvodio Sveti Otac Ivan Pavao II., kad je proglasio blaženim kardinala Alojzija Stepinca, 16. listopada 1998. dovezeno je u obnovljenu župnu crkvu svetog Lovre u Petrinji. Zvono teško 325 kilograma i široko 830 mm, koje je izradila zagrebačka privatna tvrtka "Metal-Product", petrinjskoj crkvi darovala je obitelj Stjepana Šafrana iz Zagreba. Zvono je privremeno stajalo na vrhu bistričke Kalvarije, ispred 12. postaje Križnog puta, i na tom mjestu se posljednji put oglasilo 16. listopada točno u 12 sati. Nakon toga zvono je preuzeo petrinjski župnik Ivica Šestak i postavio ga na zvonik obnovljene župne crkve.

Orgulje

Crkva je 2015. godine dobila orgulje, koje su u Petrinju donesena, nakon četiri i pol godine obnove, iz crkve svetog Marka na zagrebačkom Gornjem gradu, gdje su svirale od 1936. godine. Orgulje imaju trideset registara, a izradila ih je Orguljaška radionica Heferer, prema konceptu orguljaša Franje i Čedomila Dugana, kao instrument za praćenje zborskog pjevanja. Orgulje imaju jedinstvenu povijesnu i muzikološku vrijednost. Blagoslovljene su 11. listopada 2015. godine. Svečano misno slavlje tijekom kojeg su blagoslovljene predvodio je sisački biskup Vlado Košić, u suslavlju sa župnikom preč. Josip Samaržija i đakonom Vjekoslavom Uvalićem.

Dispozcija:

Spojevi: I-P, II-P, Sup II-P, II-I, Sub II-I, Sup II-I, Sup II.
Kolektivi: MF, F, TT, 0.
Pomagala: Setzer, crescendo (valjak), tremolo (II), žaluzije (II), ped. aut.
Trakture su električne s registarskim kancelama.

Status
Stara crkva svetog Lovre u Petrinji, izgrađena 1780. godine, prije rušenja do temelja 1992. godine bila je spomenik 0. kategorije upisan u Registar spomenika kulture Hrvatske.

Izvori

Literatura
 Emin Armano, Orgulje hrvatskih graditelja. Tragom Ladislava Šabana, 2006., ITG, Zagreb

Vanjske poveznice
 Petrinja, Hrvatska enciklopedija, LZMK
 Znamenitosti, Petrinja

Lovre, Petrinja
Lovre, Petrinja
Lovre, Petrinja
Petrinja

Crkva sv. Lovre u Petrinji


Mørkerød ara () er en papegøje, der lever i det nordlige Sydamerika.

Noter
 Avibase - the world bird database

Eksterne henvisninger

Amazonas fugle
Colombias fugle
Guyanas fugle
Venezuelas fugle
Papegøjer

Mørkerød ara


Onthophagus kaengkrachangus é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus da família Scarabaeidae da ordem Coleoptera.

História
Foi descrita cientificamente pela primeira vez no ano de 2008 por Masumoto, Ochi & Hanboonsong.

Referências

Ligações externas

kaengkrachangus
Coleópteros descritos em 2008

Onthophagus kaengkrachangus


Juan Carlos Pérez López puede referirse a:

 Juan Carlos Pérez López (1945-2012), futbolista español nacido en Santander.
 Juan Carlos Pérez López (n. 1990), futbolista español nacido en Madrid.

Juan Carlos Pérez López (desambiguación)


An Bulbostylis stenophylla in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Stephen Elliott, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Charles Baron Clarke. An Bulbostylis stenophylla in nahilalakip ha genus nga Bulbostylis, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Bulbostylis

Bulbostylis stenophylla


Dr. Yasemin (Özdemir) Bradley (d. 1966), Türk tıp doktoru, eski haber spikeri, yazar sunucu.

Ardahan'ın Posof ilçesinden olup 1989 yılında Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi mezunu olan ve bir dönem Kanal D'de ana haber bültenini sunan spiker, 1996'da Magazin Gazetecileri Derneği tarafından "Yılın En İyi Kadın Haber Spikeri" seçildi.

17 Ağustos depremi'nden derin etkilenen Yasemin Bradley, Birleşik Krallık'a giderek, BBC Türkçe Servisi'nde prodüktörlük eğitimi gördü. Psikoterapist Anthony Bradley ile evlenen sunucu, eşinin etkisi ile Londra'daki alternatif terapi okulu ITEC'de beslenme ve diyet üzerine eğitim görüp ITEC diploması aldı.

"Gelecek Yiyeceklerde" adlı beslenme kitabını yazan spiker, aynı zamanda CNN sunucusu Larry King'in iki kitabının da çevirmenidir. Yarbay Osman Deniz'in, "Ne zaman yaparsan yap, ama sen yap!" diyerek kendisine teslim ettiği anı defterleri, kasetler ve fotoğraflardan oluşturduğu "Parola: Harbiyeli Aldanmaz" adlı anı-roman türündeki kitabı 2002 yılında Yapı Kredi Yayınları tarafından yayımlandı.

Halen TRT Haber'de "Yasemin Breadley ile Reçetesiz Hayat" adlı programı sunmaktadır.

Türk haber sunucuları
Türk yazarlar
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde öğrenim görenler
Diyetisyenler
Yaşayan insanlar
1966 doğumlular
Bilgi kutusu bulunmayan kişiler
20. yüzyıl Türk kadın yazarları
20. yüzyıl Türk hekimleri
20. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
21. yüzyıl Türk hekimleri
21. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler
Türk çocuk kitabı yazarları
Türk televizyon sunucuları
Türk kadın hekimler

Yasemin Bradley


كاريتسا (Καρίτσα) هي مدينة في بيريا في مقاطعة فوريا إلادا في اليونان.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 2051 نسمة.

المراجع

مدن اليونان
أماكن مأهولة في بيريا (إقليم يوناني)

كاريتسا (بيريا)


Ariyankuppam (en tamil: அரியாங்குப்பம்) ) es una localidad de la India, en el distrito de Puducherry, territorio de Puducherry.

Geografía
Se encuentra a una altitud de 11  a 2303 km de la capital nacional, Nueva Delhi, en la zona horaria UTC +5:30.

Demografía
Según estimación 2010 contaba con una población de 18 255 habitantes.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Puducherry

Ariyankuppam


Un crack qui craque () est un film américain réalisé par Sidney Lanfield, sorti en 1949. Il s'agit d'un remake de Petite Miss.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre : Un crack qui craque
 Titre original :
 Réalisation : Sidney Lanfield
 Scénario : Melville Shavelson, Edmund L. Hartmann et Jack Rose
 Photographie : Daniel L. Fapp
 Montage : Arthur P. Schmidt
 Musique : Robert Emmett Dolan
 Société de production : Paramount Pictures
 Pays d'origine : États-Unis
 Genre : comédie dramatique
 Date de sortie : 1949

Distribution
 Bob Hope : Humphrey 'Sorrowful' Jones
 Lucille Ball : Gladys O'Neill
 William Demarest : Regret
 Bruce Cabot : Big Steve Holloway
 Thomas Gomez : Reardon
 Houseley Stevenson : Doc Chesley

Liens externes

Film américain sorti en 1949
Comédie dramatique américaine
Film réalisé par Sidney Lanfield
Film de Paramount Pictures
Film sur le jeu d'argent

Un crack qui craque


Adrian Diaconu (Ploiești, 9 de junio de 1978) es un deportista rumano que compitió en boxeo.

Ganó dos medallas en el Campeonato Mundial de Boxeo Aficionado, plata en 1999 y bronce en 1997, y una medalla de bronce en el Campeonato Europeo de Boxeo Aficionado de 1998.

Participó en los Juegos Olímpicos de Sídney 2000, ocupando el quinto lugar en el peso medio.

En marzo de 2001 disputó su primera pelea como profesional. En abril de 2008 conquistó el título internacional del CMB, en la categoría de peso semipesado.

En su carrera profesional tuvo en total 30 combates, con un registro de 27 victorias y 3 derrotas.

Palmarés internacional

Récord profesional

Referencias

Boxeadores de Rumania
Boxeadores en los Juegos Olímpicos de Sídney 2000
Deportistas de Rumania en los Juegos Olímpicos de Sídney 2000
Campeones mundiales de boxeo aficionado
Campeones del Consejo Mundial de Boxeo
Campeones semipesado de boxeo
Nacidos en Ploiești
Rumanos del siglo XX

Adrian Diaconu


Vida

Manuel Nobre Canelas (Manoel Nobre Canellas, Manuel Noble Canelas), nascido em Tavira a 4 de Julho de 1611, numa família da pequena nobreza da cidade, um dos filhos, do casal Estevão Fernandes Nobre, natural de Tavira e de Brites Canelas, natural de Moncarapacho. Faleceu com testamento, em Cartagena das Índias a 1 de Junho de 1672. Foi capitão de navio, cavaleiro da Ordem de Cristo, fidalgo de Cota de armas 27/6/1671 (brasão partido,1º Nobre, 2º Canelas. Timbre de Nobre).  Descendente de Manuel Fernandes Nobre.

Fez fortuna com a carreira comercial das Índias de Castela, instalando-se no Panamá, onde foi homem da governança, sendo duas vezes alcaide ordinário desta cidade. Foi um dos moradores do Panamá que contribuiu com 87 marcos de prata para se pagar o resgate de 350.000 ducados imposto pelo corsário Inglês Henry Morgan por ocasião do seu ataque a Porto Belo.

A doação

Em 1674, por escritura, institui em Tavira um legado denominado "Obra Pia das esmolas", que fica a cargo da igreja da Misericórdia. Deixou 9000 patacas de ouro para dotar esta obra de caridade, estabelecendo entre outras vontades que se desse anualmente 30.000 réis (passando depois para 25.000) para os dotes de casamento de 4 donzelas pobres e recatadas de preferência suas parentes. Esta "Obra pia", distribuía pela Páscoa 18 alqueires de trigo aos pobres capuchinhos do convento de S. António, a mesma quantidade aos de S. Francisco e S. Paulo da Alagoa e 6 alqueires para as Bernardas. Estipulou que quando da distribuição aos conventos, os seus parentes, cada um cabeça de família, recebia 6 alqueires. A mesma quantidade era dada aos pobres do Hospital do Espirito Santo. Este legado comtemplava ainda a distribuição de pão amassado aos presos da cadeia, aos pobres que pedem nas ruas, pedindo para fazer o levantamento "em toda a cidade da gente pobre".

Mandou construir em frente da igreja da Misericórdia, um celeiro para guardar e distribuir os cereais, que tinha uma lápide (hoje num depósito/reserva da CMT) epigráfica, com as seguintes dimensões, altura 62,00 cm, largura 67,00 cm, profundidade 13,00 cm. Inscrição da lápide:

 MANOEL NOBRE CANE LAS C.io DA ORDEM D XP.o NA.l DESTA CIDAD E M.or EM
 PANA MA MANDOV FAZER ESTE CILeIRO P.a 30 MOIOS Q~ DX OV D.Rª.Pª.
 ESMOLAS E 4 D T~ F.s D 25 M R~ SEV MAC P.ª D 55 CON 66 MC.as TVDO
 ÇOBORDIN ADO AMIZÃ ANNO D 1675
MANUEL NOBRE CANELAS CAVALEIRO DA ORDEM DE CRISTO NATURAL DESTA CIDADE E MORADOR EM PANAMÁ MANDOU FAZER ESTE CELEIRO PARA 30 MOIOS QUE DEIXOU DE RENDA PARA ESMOLAS E 4 DOTES DE 25 MIL REIS E UMA CAPELA DO SANTÍSSIMO SACRAMENTO COM 66 MISSAS CANTADAS TUDO ÇOBORDINADO A MISERICÓRDIA ANO DE 1675.

Bibliografia
 Pinto, Óscar Caeiro -A "Obra Pia" do Capitão Manuel Nobre Canellas, in Al Gharb Revista Cultural do Algarve, nº2, Fevereiro de 2008.
 Pinto, Óscar Caeiro -Manuel Nobre Canellas – Benemérito tavirense do século XVII (seu legado e sua família), edição da Câmara Municipal de Tavira, 2009.
Tavira
Nobres de Tavira
Alcaides do Panamá
Benfeitores
Século XVII

Manuel Nobre Canelas


دي جرايمان (D.Gray-man) هو اسم سلسلة مانغا من تأليف ورسوم كاتسرا هوشينو تُنشر في مجلة شونن جامب الأسبوعية, وسلسلة أنمي عُرِضت في قناة تلفزيون طوكيو في اليابان من 3 أكتوبر 2006 إلى 30 سبتمبر 2008.

ابتداءً من أغسطس 2009, يتم نشر سلسلة المانغا في مجلة جامب سكوير.

مصطلحات هامة
 المنضمة السوداء
 إكسورسيست
 إينوسنس
 سلاح مضاد للأكوما
 قلب الإينوسنس
 فايندر
 أكوما
 المستوى الأول
 المستوى الثاني
 المستوى الثالث
 المستوى الرابع
 قبيلة نوا
 مركب نوا
 النوا الرابع عشر

الشخصيات

المنضمة السوداء

الإكسورسيست
 ألن والكر
 تيمكانبي
 لينالي لي
 لافي
 يو كاندا
 ميراندا لوتو
 أريستار كروري الثالث
 بوكمان
 ديشا باري
 نويز ماري
 سومان دارك
 شاوجي هان
 تيموثي هيرست

هيفلاسكا

أفراد قاعدة المنضمة السوداء
 كوموي لي
 ريفر وينهام
 تاب دوب
 رقم 65
 جوني جيل
 جيري
 مالكوم سي. لوفيرييه
 هاورد لينك

أفراد فرع آسيا
 باك شان
 فو
 سامو هان وون
 لو فا
 ليكيه
 شيفو

القادة
 كروس ماريان
 كيفن ييجر
 فروا تييدول
 كلاود ناين
 وينترز سوكارو

إيرل الألفية
 ليلو

قبيلة نوا
 تيكي ميك
 سيل لولون
 رود كاميلوت
 لولو-بيل
 ديفيت وجاسديرو
 جاسديفي
 سكين بوليك

آخرون
 مانا والكر
 كومورين
 إليادي
 أنيتا
 ماهوجا
 تشوميسكي
 شيريل كاميلوت

طاقم إنتاج الأنمي
 الإخراج: أوسامو نابيشيما
 تأليف النص الرئيسي: ريكو يوشيدا
 تصميم الشخصيات: هيديوكي موريوكا
 تصميم الميكانيكيات: ياسهيرو موريكي
 الإخراج الفني: تورو كوغا
 الموسيقى: كاورو وادا
 إنتاج الموسيقى: أنيبليكس
 إخراج الصوت: تورو ناكانو
 إنتاج الرسوم المتحركة: طوكيو موفي شينشا
 إنتاج: تلفزيون طوكيو، دنتسو

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

الرقية في الأنمي والمانغا
أنمي ومانغا تراجيدية
أنمي ومانغا خيال علمي
أنمي ومانغا فانتازيا مظلمة
أنمي ومانغا فنتازيا علمية
أنمي ومانغا مغامرات
أنيبلكس
أوديكس
تصوير ثقافي عن آليستر كراولي
تي أم أس إنترتنيمنت
سلاسل شويشا
سلسلات مانغا
شركة فنميشن للترفيه
شونن مانغا
عروض تلفزيون طوكيو
مانغا 2004
مانغا شوئيشا
مانغا فيز ميديا
مسلسلات أنمي متلفزة بدأ عرضها في 2006
مسلسلات أنمي متلفزة بدأ عرضها في 2016
مسلسلات أنمي مستندة إلى مانغا

دي جرايمان


Ourisia macrophylla er tegund blómstrandi plantna í græðisúruætt, ættuð frá Nýja-Sjálandi.

Tilvísanir

Ourisia

Blaðstýra


Grindedrab i Thorshavn er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1950 instrueret af Erik R. Knudsen og efter manuskript af Heine S. Heinesen.

Handling
Reportage af et grindedrab i Tórshavn i sommeren 1949. En flok grinder er kommet nær kysten og drives ind i havnen, hvor de dræbes. Derefter hales de op på land ved hjælp af kraner og parteres.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Reportagefilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1950

Grindedrab i Thorshavn


Doğa durumu (state of nature), "Toplumsal Sözleşme" kuramına göre insanların hükümete ilişkin konumlarını anlamada kullanılır. Barış ve özgürlükle yaşanan bir durum (Rousseau) yahut herkesin herkesle savaşı (Hobbes).

Aristoteles'e göre, halk doğaya uygundur ve bireye önseldir. Marx, Smith ve Ricardo'yu eleştirirken, 18. yüzyıl Robinsonculuğunun tuhaf düşüncelerinden söz ederken, doğa durumunu sivil toplumun habercisi olarak görür. Hobbes'e göre hak ve yasa karşıt kavramlardır, hak serbestliği, yasa bunun kısıtlamasını öngörür.

Temel farklılıklar Hobbes ve Locke üzerinden tartışılagelir. Hobbes ve Locke farkı birçok makaleye konu olmuştur.

Doğa durumu


La Ruta de Rhode Island 1A (en inglés: Rhode Island Route 1A) es una carretera estatal estadounidense ubicada en el estado de Rhode Island. La carretera inicia en el Norte desde la  hacia el Sur en la , y tiene longitud de 55,4 km (34.4 mi).

Historia
El segmento de 19.0-millas (30.6 km) desde la antigua U.S. 1 en el centro de Wakefield a la actual US 1 cerca de Wickford, ahora parte de la sección 5 de arriba, en la que una vez fue Ruta 1B. Fue renumerada a Ruta 1A en 1934.

Mantenimiento
Al igual que las autopistas interestatales, y las rutas federales y el resto de carreteras estatales, la Ruta de Rhode Island 1A es administrada y mantenida por el Departamento de Transporte de Rhode Island por sus siglas en inglés RIDOT.

Cruces
La Ruta de Rhode Island 1A es atravesada principalmente por la . La ruta está divida en 5 secciones.

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Página oficial de RIDOT
 Lista de Autopistas por estado
 Lista de sitios web de carreteras para cada estado

Carreteras estatales de Rhode Island
Condado de Washington
Westerly
North Kingstown

Ruta de Rhode Island 1A


David Okit, de son vrai nom David Okitakula Kazadi, né le  à Bruxelles, est un chanteur et compositeur de gospel et de hip-hop chrétien évangélique belge d'origine congolaise.

Biographie

Enfance et éducation
Issu de parents divorcés d'origine congolaise, David Okitakula naît le 23 novembre 2000 à Bruxelles, Belgique. À 8 ans, il quitte la Belgique et part vivre à Kinshasa.

David commence à rapper à l'âge de 9 ans.

À 16 ans, il revient en Europe, à Amiens en France, pour finir ses études et obtenir son diplôme.

Carrière
En 2018, il se fait repérer sur Twitter ainsi que sur le compte Instagram 1minute2rap et signe au sein du label Polydor, filiale d'Universal Music France. En novembre 2018, à 18 ans, il sort son premier titre, et est invité au Planète Rap de Bigflo et Oli sur Skyrock.

En fin d'année 2020, David décide de changer de genre musical et de tendre ses musiques vers le gospel après sa nouvelle naissance.

Discographie

Singles
 2018 : Meilleur du Monde
 2021 : Igo
 2021 : Parmi Les anges
 2022 : On dirait un Bololé
 2023 : Tout le monde meurt
 2023 : Ma Boussole

Collaborations
 2021 : Lola  (Adam TDP feat. David Okit)
 2021 : L'enlèvement (Gaillard Jules feat. David Okit)
 2021 : Rassuré (Adam TDP feat. David Okit et Kizzy Grâce)
 2021 : Ça use les souliers avec Krista Marguerite
 2021 : Reconnaissance (Morijah feat. David Okit)
 2021 : Bien Bon (Jayce feat. David Okit et Gaillard Jules)
 2022 : Avec moi (Jethro O feat. David Okit et Adam TDP)
 2022 : Never seen (Limoblaze feat. David okit)
 2022 : Doliprane (Dryss feat. David Okit et Jethro O)
 2022 : RUN (Lyne Nsongo feat. David Okit)

Projet avec Fast Food Music Christ
 2021 :  Drill on God
 2021 :  Drill on God 2
 2021 :  Drill on God 3
 2021 :  Vide en forme de Dieu
 2022 :  Bienvenue chez les underdogs
 2022 :  Faites comme chez vous
 2022 :  Un pour tous,tous pour rien
 2022 :  Tout le monde reste fort
 2022 :  Tout le monde reste fort 2
 2023 :  Sacerdoce Royal
 2023 :  Demain,quand il est venu
 2023 :  L'avant rédemption
 2023 :  Il est où ce rédempteur (en collaboration avec Muuya)

Notes et références

Liens externes

Chanteur chrétien évangélique
Chanteur de gospel
Chanteur belge du XXIe siècle
Artiste d'Universal Music France
Naissance en novembre 2000
Naissance à Bruxelles au XXe siècle

David Okit


An Spathiphyllum juninense in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Kurt Krause. An Spathiphyllum juninense in nahilalakip ha genus nga Spathiphyllum, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Spathiphyllum

Spathiphyllum juninense


Françoise Assogba est une ministre et femme politique béninoise.

Biographie
Françoise Assogba fait son entrée au gouvernement de Boni Yayi à la suite du remaniement ministériel du . Dans ce gouvernement, elle prend la tête du ministère chargé de la microfinance, de l'emploi des jeunes et des femmes. Elle reste à ce poste jusqu'au lundi , jour de la prise de ses nouvelles fonctions en tant que ministre de l'industrie, du commerce, des petites et moyennes entreprises.

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
Honorine Attikpa
Bintou Chabi Adam Taro
 Naomie Azaria
 Marie-Laurence Sranon Sossou
 Nadine Dako Tamadaho

Références

Ministre béninoise

Françoise Assogba


9104 Matsuo este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
9104 Matsuo este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Ōizumi de Takao Kobayashi. El prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,78 ua, o excentricitate de 0,17 și o înclinație de 8,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 9001-10000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1996
Centura de asteroizi

9104 Matsuo


Pervomáiskogo Lesnichestva  es un posiólok del raión de Gulkévichi del krai de Krasnodar, en el sur de Rusia. Está situado en la orilla izquierda del río Kubán, 21 km al este de Gulkévichi y 160 km al este de Krasnodar, la capital del krai. Tenía 45 habitantes en 2010.

Pertenece al municipio Ventsy-Zariá.

Enlaces externos y referencias

 Este artículo contiene datos geográficos extraídos de Google Earth y el mapa de Rusia de Yandex.ru, accesible desde este enlace.
 Este artículo es en parte una traducción de su correspondiente en la edición en ruso de Wikipedia, Первомайского Лесничества.
 Mapa topográfico en maps.vlasenko.net

Localidades del raión de Gulkévichi del krai de Krasnodar

Pervomáiskogo Lesnichestva


Zoe Lister es una actriz inglesa, más conocida por interpretar a Zoe Carpenter en la serie Hollyoaks.

Biografía
Es hija de Martin Lister y tiene un hermano, Jeremy. Creció en Callow Hill, cerca de Redditch.

Es muy buena amiga de la actriz Jennifer Bidall y de Gerard McCarthy, con quien compartió casa.

En 2008 salió con el cantante Mark Hole. Se comprometió con el actor y filósofo Rob Castell, con quien se casó en 2015.

Carrera
Antes de convertirse en actriz, trabajó como bailarina y cantante.

El 1 de septiembre de 2006, obtuvo su primer papel en la televisión cuando se unió al elenco principal de la exitosa serie británica Hollyoaks, donde interpretó a Zoe Carpenter hasta el 27 de enero de 2010. El 24 de abril de 2017 regresó a la serie. Entre 2008 y 2009, interpretó a Zoe en el spin-off de la serie llamado Hollyoaks Later. En febrero de 2015, se anunció que se había unido al piloto de la nueva serie Life In Pieces, donde dará vida a Jen.

Filmografía

Series de televisión

Películas

Teatro

Premios y nominaciones

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Digital Spy > Celebrity News > Zoe Lister
 Zoe Lister on TV.com

 Zoe Lister

Actrices de televisión de Inglaterra

Zoë Lister


La margine de lan este un film românesc din 1985 regizat de Liana Petruțiu.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1985 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1985

La margine de lan


Boulder Dash, ilk sürümü 1984 yılında piyasaya sürülmüş olan ünlü bir bilgisayar oyunu serisidir. Bu seri Spectrum ZX, Apple II ve Commodore 64 gibi 1980'lerin ev bilgisayarlarındaki klasikleşmiş oyunlardan sayılır. Oyun bir değerli taş madeninde başına düşebilecek kayalardan sakınmaya çalışan bir madencinin madenin bir kapısından bir diğerine ulaştırılması üzerine kurulmuştur.

Serinin yeni sürümlerine günümüzde Java veya Flash destekli cep telefonları ve benzeri cihazlarda veya internetteki oyun sitelerinde rastlanabilir.

Dış bağlantılar

 BBG Entertainment GmbH: Boulder Dash
 Arno's Boulder Dash Fansite
 Martijn's Boulder Dash Fan Site

Arcade oyunları
Amiga oyunları
Commodore 64 oyunları
ColecoVision oyunları
Game Boy oyunları
MSX oyunları
ZX Spectrum oyunları
DOS oyunları
Virtual Console oyunları
İOS oyunları
Xbox 360 Live Arcade oyunları
Windows Phone oyunları
1984 video oyunları
1985 video oyunları
1986 video oyunları
1987 video oyunları

Boulder Dash


وثيقة كيننغ (كيننج) هي وثيقة سرية كشفت عنها جريدة «عل همشمار» الإسرائيلية في 7 سبتمبر عام 1976، وهي وثيقة اعدت لمتخذي القرار الإسرائيليين بشأن الفلسطينيين مواطني إسرائيل. تشمل توصيات تحت عنوان «مشروع مذكرة معاملة عرب إسرائيل».

سميت "وثيقة كينغ" على اسم يسرائيل كينغ، متصرف لواء الشمال وهو من نسب اليه تحضير هذه الوثيقة واعتبر مسؤولاً مباشراً عن الجزء الأكبر من الفلسطينيين في الداخل والذين يسكنون شمالي البلاد، مع وجود دلائل تفيد إلى ان شخصيات أخرى شاركته في صياغتها ومنهم تسفي تسور الذي شغل منصب مدير عام مكتب رئيس الوزراء.

تنبع أهمية الوثيقة انها تكشف عن وجود سياسية تمييز رسمية مبرمجة ومبيته اتجاه المواطنين العرب في إسرائيل، وهم يشكلون خمس السكان في إسرائيل، حيث تنطلق هذه الوثيقة من اعتبار المواطنين العرب أعداء، ويجب التعامل معهم من هذا المنطلق.

 يسود الاعتقاد ان الوثيقة تم تحضيرها على مرحلتين، قدمت للحكومة قبل احداث يوم الأرض في 30 مارس 1976، مع بداية سلسلة احتجاجات وظهور تنظيمات داخل المجتمع العربي في إسرائيل، ومن ثم تم مواصلة صياغتها بعد يوم الأرض، إلى ان تم تسريبها.

هدف الوثيقة
تهدف اٍلى إفراغ الجليل من أهله الفلسطينيين والاستيلاء على أراضيهم وتهويدها. وقدمت الوثيقة كتوصيات إلى الحكومة الإسرائيلية، وتم اختيار عنوان للوثيقة وهو «مشروع مذكرة معاملة عرب إسرائيل». وقد حذر فيها من ازدياد تعداد الفلسطينيين في اللواء الشمالي، والذي أصبح مساوي تقريبا لعدد اليهود في حينه، وأنه خلال سنوات قليلة سوف يصبح الفلسطينيون أكثرية سكانية، الأمر الذي يشكل خطراً جسيماً على الطابع اليهودي للكيان الصهيوني.

قدم كيننغ وثيقة عنصرية تضم عشرات الصفحات، دعا فيها إلى تقليل نسبة الفلسطينيين في منطقتي الجليل والنقب، وذلك بالاستيلاء على ما تبقى لديهم من أراض زراعية وبمحاصرتهم اقتصادياً واجتماعياً، وبتوجيه المهاجرين اليهود الجدد للاستيطان في منطقتي الجليل والنقب.

أهم بنود الوثيقة
 . تكثيف الاستيطان اليهودي في الشمال (الجليل).
 . إقامة حزب عربي يعتبر «أخا» لحزب العمل ويركز على المساواة والسلام.
 . رفع التنسيق بين الجهات الحكومية في معالجة الامور العربية.
 . إيجاد إجماع قومي يهودي داخل الاحزاب الصهيونية حول موضوع العرب في إسرائيل.
 . التضييق الاقتصادي على العائلة العربية عبر ملاحقتها بالضرائب وإعطاء الأولوية لليهود في فرص العمل، وكذلك تخفيض نسبة العرب في التحصيل العلمي وتشجيع التوجهات المهنية لدى التلاميذ.
 . تسهيل هجرة الشباب والطلاب العرب إلى خارج البلاد ومنع عودتهم إليها. أرض المل: منطقة رقم 9:

تقع هذه الأرض ضمن مساحات القرى، سخنين وعرابة ودير حنا، وتبلغ مساحتها 60 الف دونم. استخدمت هذه المنطقة بين السنوات 1942-1944 كمنطقة تدريبات عسكرية للجيش البريطاني أثناء الحرب العالمية الثانية، مقابل دفع بدل استئجار لاصحاب الأرض.

بعد عام 1948 أبقت إسرائيل على نفس الوضع الذي كان سائدًا في عهد الانتداب البريطاني، إذ كان يسمح للمواطنين بالوصول إلى أراضيهم لفلاحتها بتصاريح خاصة. في عام 1956 قامت السلطة بإغلاق المنطقة بهدف إقامة مخططات بناء مستوطنات يهودية ضمن مشروع تهويد الجليل.

وصلات خارجية
نص الوثيقة (باللغة العبرية)

مراجع

عنصرية إسرائيل

وثيقة كيننغ


Stanko Krnjić (Stolac (BiH), 5. travnja 1969.), hrvatski pjesnik, rodom iz Hercegovine, po zanimanju stomatolog. Živi i radi u Župi Dubrovačkoj, u Mlinima.

Životopis
Rodio se u Stocu. U Višićima kod Čapljine završio osnovnu školu. U Dubrovniku je završio srednju medicinsku. U Sarajevu je upisao studij stomatologije 1989. godine, a zbog rata u BiH studij nastavlja u Zagrebu gdje je i diplomirao 1995. Piše pjesme. Objavio ih je u Hrvatskome slovu, Literatu, Književnoj reviji Društva dubrovačkih pisaca, Obzoru te još nekim časopisima, zbornicima i zajedničkim zbirkama. Na književnim manifestacijama u Hrvatskoj i BiH redovno sudjeluje.

Član je Društva hrvatskih književnika, Društva hrvatskih književnika HB i Društva dubrovačkih pisaca.

Djela
Objavio je zbirke pjesama:
 Korijeni (pjesme), autorsko izdanje, Dubrovnik, 2001.
 Zrak poprskan narančom (pjesme), Društvo dubrovačkih pisaca, Dubrovnik, 2012.
 Kroničar svega (pjesme), Društvo dubrovačkih pisaca, Dubrovnik, 2016.
 Mrvice za Lazara (pjesme), "Naklada Bošković" 2017.

Nagrade
 Nagrada "Rijek" za poeziju za 2015. godine
 Druga nagrada "Fra Martin Nedić" za zbirku "Kroničar Svega" za 2017. godinu.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Hrvatsko slovo DNEVNIK - STANKO KRNJIĆ, stomatolog i pjesnik, Oltar doma i u srcu domovina
Portal Hrvatskoga kulturnog vijeća Đ. Vidmarović: Marljivi pjesnik iz Dubrovnika, 17. lipnja 2018.

Životopisi, Stolac
Hrvatski pjesnici
Hrvatski liječnici

Stanko Krnjić


Kim Yong-nam (Hangul: 김영남; Hanja: 金永南; ) este un politician nord-coreean care a ocupat funcția de președinte al prezidiului Adunării Supreme a Poporului între 1998 și 2019. Anterior, a fost ministru al Afacerilor Externe din 1983 până în 1998.

Note

 Nașteri în 1928
Nord-coreeni în viață
Politicieni

Kim Yong-nam


سكويد  هو خادم بروكسي ومسرع إنترنت يعمل تحت بيئة لينكس. له مجموعة متنوعة من الاستخدامات، من تسريع خدمة ويب من الطلبات المتكررة باستخدام التخزين المؤقت.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي

برمجيات حرة متعددة المنصات
البروكسي المعكوس

سكويد


Carsten Ib Nielsen (23. december 1908 i København – 6. oktober 1987) var en dansk journalist, samt medstifter og formand for Dansk Journalistforbund.

Historie
Nielsen blev født i julen 1908 i København. Han var søn af journalist L.C. Nielsen og pianistinden Margrethe Dorph-Petersen, samt lillebror til skuespiller Jakob Nielsen. 1. juni 1909 blev han døbt i Helligåndskirken.

Journalist
Den gymnasielle uddannelse tog Carsten Nielsen på Borgerdydskolen i København, inden han blev uddannet journalist. I 1928 blev han ansat på Roskilde Dagblad, hvor han arbejdede i tre år. Herefter gik turen til Berlingske Tidende hvor han var tilknyttet i 26 år, blandt andet som korrespondent i Paris. Fra 1957 til 1960 var han ansat på Politiken, hvor han primært dækkede teaterverdenen.

Fagforening
Carsten Nielsen blev i 1953 formand for Københavns Journalistforbund, som på dette tidspunkt var én ud tre fagforeninger for journalister i Danmark. Han blev optaget af at samle alle journalister i landet i ét stort fagforbund, og blev den drivende kraft da de tre fagforbund blev samlet, og Dansk Journalistforbund (DJ) blev en realitet i 1961. Nielsen blev forbundets første formand, og sad på posten indtil 1971 hvor han trådte tilbage. Efterfølgende blev han udpeget som æresmedlem i forbundet.

Dansk Journalistforbund har opkaldt et legat efter Carsten Nielsen, som gives til et medlem af DJ der har præget samfundsdebatten.

Bibliografi
 Arbejderbevægelsen og dagspressen i Danmark 1899-1974 (1975)
 De 100 dage. Beretning om borgerkrigen i Danmark (1976)

Privat
Nielsen blev den 22. august 1932 gift med Hilde Margrethe Rant (1910-1985) i Høje Tåstrup Kirke. De fik året efter en datter, som blev efterfulgt af tre sønner, Jakob, Anders og Thomas. Sønnen  Jakob, blev uddannet journalist.

Efter at ægteskabet med Hilde Rant blev opløst, giftede Nielsen sig med bladtegner Anne Hedvig (Sys) Poulsen (1909-1999), med hvem han fik datteren Beatrice.

Carsten Nielsen døde i oktober 1987, 78 år gammel. Han ligger begravet på Tibirke Kirkegård.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Carsten Nielsen på gravsted.dk

Personer fra København
Journalister fra Danmark
Journalister ved Berlingske
Journalister ved Politiken
Formænd for Dansk Journalistforbund

Carsten Ib Nielsen


Dumlupınar, Ege Bölgesi'nin doğusunda, nüfus bakımından en küçük ilçesi olarak bağlı bulunduğu Kütahya ilinin güneyinde yer alır. İl merkezine 80 km, Uşak'a 59 km, Afyonkarahisar şehir merkezine ise 59 km mesafededir.

İlçe, Afyonkarahisar-Uşak-İzmir karayolu ile Afyon-Uşak-İzmir demiryolu üzerinde bir platoda kurulmuştur. Denizden yüksekliği 1222 m'dir. Yüzölçümü 305 km²'dir.

İç Batı Anadolu eşiğinde yer alan Dumlupınar'ın, iklimi geçiş iklimi karakteri gösterir. Yazları serin ve kurak, kışları soğuk ve özellikle kar yağışlıdır. Gece ile gündüz arasındaki ısı farkı oldukça fazladır.

Tarihçe

Nüfus

Galeri

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Dumlupınar Kaymakamlığı
 Dumlupınar Belediyesi

Dumlupınar


White Water! est un jeu vidéo développé et publié par Imagic, sorti en 1983 sur Intellivision.

Système de jeu
White Water! se compose de deux phases d'action différentes. Le joueur guide tout d'abord un radeau et son équipage de trois hommes dans les rapides déchaînés d'une rivière, en évitant les rochers, les tourbillons, les tonneaux et autres obstacles. Cette séquence est une sorte d'ancêtre spirituel de ce que sera le jeu d'arcade Toobin' d'Atari. Lorsque le radeau atteint une plage, il est possible de débarquer pour pénétrer dans la forêt. S'engage alors une partie de  avec les indigènes pour s'emparer d'un trésor, tout en évitant les tomahawks.

Accueil

Notes et références

Jeu Intellivision
Jeu vidéo développé aux États-Unis
Jeu vidéo sorti en 1983
Jeu Imagic

White Water!


Crkva sv. Jurja  je rimokatolička crkva u općini Desinić zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
Trobrodna, neogotička crkva s istaknutim bočnim kapelama i zvonikom u pročelju sagrađena je 1902. godine prema projektu Josipa Vancaša na mjestu stare župne crkve, na uzvišenju u središtu Desinića. U novu crkvu integrirane su starije građevne strukture iz 16., odnosno 17. i 18. st., tako da su produljenjem i proširenjem građevine početkom 20. stoljeća, povijesni prostorni dijelovi jednobrodne gotičke crkve i njene dogradnje objedinjeni u prostornu cjelinu zaključenu križno-rebrastim svodovima, u kojoj dominira široki glavni brod. U središnjoj osi glavnog pročelja je zvonik koji u visini lađe ima kvadratni tlocrt, dok je gornji dio osmerokutan, zaključen visokim piramidalnim krovom.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-2080 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro – pojedinačno, pravnog statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralna graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Nepokretna pojedinačna kulturna dobra u Krapinsko-zagorskoj županiji
Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj

Crkva sv. Jurja (Desinić)


Die Nichtverfügbarkeit ist eine Zuverlässigkeitskenngröße und kommt im Zuverlässigkeitsmodell – beispielsweise dem Fehlerbaum – für sogenannte stand-by-Komponenten zur Anwendung. Dabei zählen zu den stand-by-Komponenten z. B. der Notstromdiesel bei Stromausfall, der Brandmelder und die Feuerlöschpumpe im Brandfall. Im Anforderungsfall soll die Komponente in Funktion treten, die dann entweder verfügbar oder nicht verfügbar ist.

Beispiele der Nichtverfügbarkeitsgrößen technischer Komponenten nach:
Automatischer Brandmelder:  bis
Stationäre Feuerlöschpumpe:  bis

Die Nichtverfügbarkeit ist das Komplement zur Verfügbarkeit.
Beide Größen werden als qualitative wie auch quantitative Eigenschaften einer Komponente definiert:

Nichtverfügbarkeit: "Fähigkeit bzw. Wahrscheinlichkeit, eine Einheit zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt in einem nicht-funktionsfähigen Zustand anzutreffen."

Die Verknüpfung der Wahrscheinlichkeitsgrößen von Verfügbarkeit (v) und  Nichtverfügbarkeit (n) ergibt sich aus folgender Gleichung:

Literatur
 VDI 4001, Blatt 2, Terminologie der Zuverlässigkeit, Juli 2006
 VDI 4010, Blatt 1, Überblick über Zuverlässigkeitsdatensysteme (ZDS), März 1997
 IEV 191-02-05, Deutsche Online-Ausgabe des IEV

Einzelnachweise

IT-Sicherheit
Technische Informatik
Systemtheorie
Qualitätsmanagement

Nichtverfügbarkeit


An Liparis dongchenii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni S.Z. Lucksom. An Liparis dongchenii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Liparis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Liparis (Orchidaceae)

Liparis dongchenii


Epaminondas Gustavo, nome artístico de Cláudio Henrique Lopes Rendeiro (São Caetano de Odivelas, 20 de junho de 1965 — Belém, 18 de janeiro de 2021), ou simplesmente Cláudio Rendeiro, foi um juiz criminalista, escritor de contos e poesias, artista comediante e humorista brasileiro. Inicialmente atuou na magistratura por 26 anos, e aos poucos começou a conciliar com sua paixão pela arte da comédia até se dedicar à carreira de humorista. Cláudio Rendeiro foi o criador e intérprete do personagem Epaminondas Gustavo — uma inspiração caricatural dos ribeirinhos paraenses. Como juiz atuou em prol das penas alternativas e do combate ao trabalho infantil. Veio a falecer em Belém por complicações de COVID-19. Devido à sua carreira artística de projeção nacional foi instituído no dia 18 de janeiro como Dia Estadual do Riso no Pará.

Biografia e carreira
Cláudio Rendeiro era natural de São Caetano de Odivelas, região nordeste do Pará, estudou Direito na Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA), localizada em Belém. Formou-se em 1990, e só foi ingressar na carreira da magistratura paraense em 24 de novembro de 1994, por meio de concurso público. Fez carreira na magistratura por 26 anos, tendo respondido por dezenas de comarcas na capital de Belém, bem como do interior do Pará. Durante esse tempo esteve atuando por 14 anos na área penal com foco na ressocialização de egressos do sistema prisional. Em 2007, ainda como juiz atuou à frente do projeto Dó Ré Mi Faz Melhor junto aos internos e internas do sistema penitenciário do Pará. Em 2009, Cláudio Rendeiro também foi o primeiro coordenador estadual do programa Começar de Novo, do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ), e implementado no Tribunal de Justiça do Pará (TJPA). Foi então nesse período de 2009, que Cláudio Rendeiro sugeriu uma encenação teatral para explicar à população, de forma mais simples e humorada, o que se fazia uma Vara de Execução Penal de Penas e Medidas Alternativas, local onde trabalhava na época. A partir de então foi sendo criado o personagem Epaminondas Gustavo, que o fez ganhar notoriedade.

Cláudio Rendeiro, nunca chegou a fazer escola de teatro, contudo ficou conhecido por suas criações humorísticas que retratavam de forma sagaz e caricata as diversas situações vividas pelas pessoas do interior do Pará. Seu talento e criatividade em representar de forma humorada foram reconhecidos por muitos, tornando-o um ícone da região. O personagem Epaminondas Gustavo foi inspirado em membros da sua própria família, incluíndo seu pai, Manoel, e até seu tio Benedito, de quem o artísta apropriou os trejeitos. Seu principal personagem, o Epaminondas Gustavo, tornou-se uma referência ao "caboclo paraense", caracterizando-se pelo linguajar coloquial e interiorano, e inspiração caricatural dos ribeirinhos de Cametá (Pará). Trajando roupas simples, calçando chinelo de borracha, e levando um boneco de pato a tiracolo, e os documentos de identificação guardados em um saco de plástico. Através desse personagem, Cláudio Rendeiro buscava explicar conflitos judiciais e situações diárias que poderiam ser vividas por pessoas comuns. O personagem também se popularizou nas redes sociais e por meio de mensagens de celular por aplicativos, antes ainda de se apresentar nos palcos de comédia, e posteriormente conquistou certo sucesso com vídeos na internet."O Epaminondas me deu tanta coisa, sobretudo, me ensinou a ver a vida de maneira diferente, possibilidades e ganhos, por meio de poder falar sobre cidadania. Quando quis ser juiz, entendia eu que o juiz tem o compromisso moral e político de mudar uma realidade. É fabuloso isso! Através do humor, o Epaminondas altera dores, às vezes! Recebo testemunhos de pessoas que estão se tratando contra o câncer e que receberam um áudio do Epaminondas... que gargalharam, que ficaram felizes", Cláudio Rendeiro em entrevista ao jornal O Liberal, em 2019.
Em 2018, Cláudio Rendeiro lançou os livros Sátiras de Um Ribeirinho, e Líricas Ribeirinhas e Outras Margens durante a XXII Feira Pan-Amazônica do Livro em Belém. No ano seguinte, em 2019, os mesmos livros foram relançados na XXIII Feira Pan-Amazônica do Livro e das Multivozes em Belém. As obras literárias contam com ilustrações do artista Assis Costa, e reúnem crônicas humorísticas e poemas sobre o personagem Epaminondas Gustavo. No geral, os textos das obras refletem sobre a vida ribeirinha, fazendo sempre algumas observações do cotidiano, passando sempre por alguns temas corriqueiros como o amor e a saudade. O livro Sátiras de Um Ribeirinho foi elaborado e escrito a partir de um compilado de mais de mil áudios variados de apresentações de humor de Cláudio Rendeiro como Epaminondas Gustavo. Já o livro Líricas Ribeirinhas e Outras Margens reúne poemas sobre o ambiente ribeirinho numa perspectiva mais onírica e livre."Eu nasci em São Caetano de Odivelas, nesse ambiente nosso, amazônico. Eu acho de uma importância fundamental para a cultura literária do paraense despertar no jovem, na criança e na própria população essa vontade de ter contato com o abstrato tão concreto que é o livro", Cláudio Rendeiro em entrevista à Agência Pará, em 2019.Enquanto já trabalhava com apresentações de comédia, Cláudio Rendeiro também colaborou com a Justiça do Trabalho no Pará e no Amapá durante algumas ações de combate ao trabalho infantil, como na 2ª Marcha de Belém contra o Trabalho Infantil, em março de 2020.

Doença e morte
Em 9 de janeiro de 2021, Cláudio Rendeiro foi internado em um hospital particular de Belém para tratamento de COVID-19, porém tinha diabetes tipo 2 – considerado fator de risco, e não resistiu, vindo a falecer, aos 55 anos, por complicações da doença em 18 de janeiro de 2021 – conhecido como Dia Internacional do Riso.

Em razão da pandemia de COVID-19, não foi possível realizar o velório tradicionalmente, e o sepultamento de Cláudio Rendeiro foi limitado a apenas 10 pessoas da família. No entanto, durante o trajeto até o cemitério de Ananindeua, o cortejo pode contar com amigos, fãs e o Corpo de Bombeiros, em uma demonstração de carinho e respeito pelo artista.

Homenagens póstumas
Cláudio Rendeiro conquistou reconhecimento pelo seu talento e criatividade em representar de maneira cômica o personagem Epaminondas Gustavo, o que o transformou em um ícone do humor para a região do interior do Pará.

Em 15 de agosto de 2021, familiares e a prefeitura de São Caetano de Odivelas inauguraram, em ocasião do aniversário da cidade, um busto em homenagem ao artista.

Em janeiro de 2022, a Assembleia Legislativa do Estado do Pará aprovou, em sessão ordinária e por unanimidade, o Projeto de Lei nº 14/2021, de autoria do deputado estadual Dirceu Ten Caten, que institui o Dia Estadual do Riso, sendo denominado Epaminondas Gustavo. Ficou estabelecido que a data será assim celebrada sempre em 18 de janeiro, mesma data em que se comemora de maneira informal o Dia Internacional do Riso. A data também tem caráter simbólico por ser a data de falecimento do juiz e humorista, conhecido pelo seu personagem Epaminondas Gustavo. Essa homenagem se deve à necessidade de lembrar seu trabalho humorístico que buscava valorizar a cultura e o povo paraense com suas particularidades regionais de maneira irreverente.

Em junho de 2022, um grupo de artistas de diferentes linguagens realizaram uma série de apresentações em homenagem à vida e obra de Cláudio Rendeiro no Teatro Margarida Schivasappa em Belém. O evento beneficente também tinha como intuito ajudar as comunidades em São Caetano de Odivelas — cidade natal do artista. Entre os artistas anúnciados estavam: Salomão Habib, Nilson Chaves, Lucinha Bastos, Lia Sophia, Albah Maria, Allan Roffe, Adilson Alcântara, Palhaços Trovadores, Cabeçudos e Mascarados de São Caetano de Odivelas, Rebeca Lindsay, Alba Maria, Markinho Duran e Kalleb Rendeiro — filho de Cláudio Rendeiro.

Em 18 de janeiro de 2023, o Departamento de Documentação e Informação do Judiciário do Estado do Pará promoveu uma homenagem à Cláudio Rendeiro como parte da programação em comemoração ao Dia Estadual do Riso no Pará. Intitulado Claudio Rendeiro: Trajetória, Memórias e Saudade, o evento ocorreu no Museu do Tribunal de Justiça do Pará (Belém), com o intuito de preservar a memória do artista e magistrado. O acervo conta com cerca de 1.500 arquivos de áudio disponíveis digitalmente, além de figurinos e objetos das suas apresentações humorísticas, como paneiros, tipitis, bonecos de patos, e abadás de blocos de carnaval.

Livros

Referências

Naturais de São Caetano de Odivelas
Homens
Humoristas do Pará
Juristas do Pará
Escritores do Pará
Alunos da Universidade da Amazônia
Nascidos em 1965
Mortos em 2021

Epaminondas Gustavo


Joshua "Josh" Brillante (* 25. März 1993 in Bundaberg, Queensland) ist ein australischer Fußballspieler.

Karriere
Brillante spielte den Großteil seiner Jugendzeit für den Across the Waves SC in seiner Heimatstadt Bundaberg. Bereits frühzeitig wurde Brillante als eines der größten Talente seiner Region identifiziert und gehörte regelmäßig zu Bundesstaat-Auswahlteams. 2005 wurde er als Wide Bay Primary Sportsperson of the Year ausgezeichnet, nachdem er die Schulauswahl von Queensland zu einem geteilten ersten Platz bei den nationalen Schulmeisterschaften geführt hatte. 2008 spielte er mit Bundaberg Spirit in der Queensland State League und gewann im weiteren Jahresverlauf mit Across the Waves die Meisterschaft in der Bundaberg Premier League; der erst 15-jährige Brillante erhielt dabei zudem die Auszeichnung als Bundaberg Junior Player of the Year. Im folgenden Jahr zog er nach Brisbane um ein Stipendium an der Queensland Academy of Sport wahrzunehmen, bevor er vom neu gegründeten A-League-Klub Gold Coast United für deren Jugendteam rekrutiert wurde.

Mit dem Nachwuchsteam von Trainer Mike Mulvey gewann Brillante 2010 und 2011 die Meisterschaft in der National Youth League, 2010 erhielt er zudem die klubinterne Auszeichnung als Youth Star of the Future. Zu seinem Debüt in der australischen Profispielklasse kam Brillante unter Trainer Miron Bleiberg am 1. Dezember 2010, als er nach mehreren verletzungsbedingten Ausfällen bei der 1:2-Niederlage gegen North Queensland Fury als Rechtsverteidiger in die Startaufstellung rückte. Brillante, der als sportliches Vorbild Harry Kewell nennt und auch im Mittelfeld variabel einsetzbar ist, kam bis Saisonende zu einem weiteren Einsatz. Nachdem er in der Saisonpause mit dem Profikader trainierte, steigerten sich in der Spielzeit 2011/12 seine Einsatzzeiten, auch dadurch begünstigt, dass der Vereinseigentümer seine finanzielle Unterstützung stark einschränkte und man gezwungen war, vermehrt auf Nachwuchsspieler zu setzen. Dies führte unter anderem dazu, dass Brillante im Februar 2012 als Teil der jüngsten Mannschaft der Ligageschichte ein 3:3 gegen den Tabellenführer Central Coast Mariners erspielte. Nachdem Gold Coast Uniteds Besitzer während der laufenden Saison die Lizenz entzogen wurde und die Saison unter Leitung des australischen Verbandes beendet wurde, löste dieser die Mannschaft am Saisonende auf.

In der Saisonpause unterzeichnete Brillante, ebenso wie seine Mannschaftskollegen James Brown und Mitch Cooper, einen Vertrag mit den Newcastle United Jets.

Zur Spielzeit 2014/15 wechselte Brillante zum italienischen Erstligisten AC Florenz.

Im Juli 2016 kehrte er nach Australien zurück und schloss sich Sydney FC an. Mit dem Klub gewann er die A-League 2016/17 und das Finale um die australische Meisterschaft.

Zum Aufgebot der australischen U-20-Auswahl gehörte Brillante erstmals im August 2011 im Rahmen des SBS Cups in Japan und gehörte später im Jahr auch beim Qualifikationsturnier für die U-19-Fußball-Asienmeisterschaft 2012 zum Aufgebot.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Fußballnationalspieler (Australien)
Fußballspieler (Gold Coast United)
Fußballspieler (Newcastle United Jets)
Fußballspieler (AC Florenz)
Fußballspieler (FC Empoli)
Fußballspieler (Como 1907)
Fußballspieler (Sydney FC)
Australier
Geboren 1993
Mann

Joshua Brillante


Hi Pinocchio in usa nga mapataraw-an nga hayop nga karakter nga hinimo ha 1881 nira Carlo Collodi.

 Le avventure di Pinocchio

Literatura
Italya

Pinocchio


سهى عرفات واسمها عند الولادة سهى داود جبران الطويل (17 يوليو 1963 -)، أرملة رئيس السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية الأسبق ياسر عرفات.

حياتها
ولدت في الضفة الغربية لأسرة كاثوليكية فلسطينية برجوازية ثرية، كانت تعيش في نابلس ورام الله اللتان كانتا تخضعان للسلطة الأردنية، كان والدها داوود الطويل خريج جامعة أوكسفورد مصرفيًا ووالدتها ريموندا الطويل سياسية وكاتبة وشاعرة فلسطينية من عكا. تلقت تعليمها في مدرسة الدير ومدرسة راهبات الوردية في بيت حنينا في القدس، وتلقت تعليمها الجامعي في جامعة السوربون في باريس، وفي فترة دراستها الجامعية رأست الاتحاد العام لطلبة فلسطين في فرنسا وقامت بتنظيم تظاهرات من أجل القضية الفلسطينية.

التقت بياسر عرفات للمرة الأولى عام 1985 وكانت مع والدتها وشقيقاتها، وعندما زار فرنسا بعام 1989 عملت كمترجم له أثناء لقاءاته مع أعضاء الحكومة الفرنسية. وطلبها بعد ذلك كي تعمل معه في تونس حيث مقر منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية. وفي 17 يوليو 1990 تزوجا وكانت تبلغ من العمر 27 عاماً بينما كان هو يبلغ 61 عام، إلا أن الزواج لم يعلن إلا في عام 1992. وقد أنجبا ابنة واحدة هي زهوة التي ولدت بتاريخ 24 يوليو 1995 في نويي سور سين بفرنسا. وقد اعتنقت الإسلام بعد زواجها منه. وبعد اندلاع الانتفاضة الفلسطينية الثانية في عام 2000 وقصف إسرائيل لمنزلهم في قطاع غزة غادرت مع ابنتها وأقامتا فترة في القاهرة ثم انتقلتا إلى باريس وذلك بناء على رغبة ياسر عرفات حتى لا يقال إنه يستخدم أسرته كدرع بشري لحمايته.

وبعد وفاة زوجها عاشت فترة في تونس التي أعطتها جنسيتها، ثم عادت وسحبتها منها عام 2007، وتعيش حاليًا مع ابنتها في مالطة. كانت قد ظهرت إشاعه أثناء إقامتها بتونس حول زواجها من بلحسن الطرابلسي شقيق ليلى بن علي زوجة الرئيس التونسي زين العابدين بن علي، إلا إنها نفت هذا الخبر وأعلنت إنه إشاعة.

المراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من القدس
حاصلون على الصنف الأكبر من وسام الجمهورية (تونس)
خريجو جامعة السوربون
زوجات الرؤساء وأزواج الرئيسات
سياسيات فلسطينيات
سيدات أول فلسطينيات
كاثوليك سابقون
مسلمون سنة فلسطينيون
مسيحيون اعتنقوا الإسلام
معتنقو الإسلام من الكاثوليكية الرومانية
مواليد 1383 هـ
مواليد 1963
ياسر عرفات

سهى عرفات


An Thalassodendron in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Thalassodendron in nahilalakip ha familia nga Cymodoceaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Thalassodendron

Thalassodendron


Pure Prairie League is an American country rock band which featured in its original lineup, singer and guitarist Craig Fuller, drummer Tom McGrail, guitarist and steel guitarist John David Call. Fuller started the band in 1970 and McGrail named it after a fictional 19th century temperance union featured in the 1939 Errol Flynn cowboy film Dodge City. In 1975 the band scored its biggest hit with the single "Amie", a track that originally appeared on their 1972 album Bustin' Out. Pure Prairie League scored five consecutive Top 40 LPs in the 1970s and added a sixth in the 1980s. They disbanded in 1988 but regrouped in 1998 and continue to perform . The line-up has been fluid over the years, with no one member having served over the band's entire history. The band's most recent line-up consists of Call, drummer Scott Thompson, keyboardist Randy Harper, guitarist Jeff Zona and bassist Jared Camic. Among the other notable past musicians to have played with Pure Prairie League include guitarists Vince Gill, Gary Burr and Curtis Wright.

History
The band was formed in Columbus, Ohio in 1970 and had its first success in Cincinnati. Craig Fuller, Tom McGrail, Jim Caughlan and John David Call had played together in various bands since high school, notably the Vikings, the Omars, the Sacred Turnips and the Swiss Navy.

In 1970 the first Pure Prairie League line-up was Fuller, McGrail, singer/songwriter/guitarist George Ed Powell (a popular Cincinnati folk singer), Phill Stokes (bassist in Columbus bands Sanhedrin Move and J.D. Blackfoot) and Robin Suskind (a popular guitar teacher in the University of Cincinnati neighborhood) on guitar and mandola, with John David Call joining the band later that year. Call's steel guitar added country credibility to the band's playlist and sparked guitar duels with Fuller that created the signature sound of the band. They rose to popularity as the house band at New Dilly's Pub in the Mt. Adams section of Cincinnati.

In mid-1971, McGrail and Stokes left the band to rehearse with , but were unable to put a viable band together. Jim Caughlan, who had played guitar and drums with Fuller, Call and McGrail in earlier bands, took over on drums, and Jim Lanham from California, formerly of The Yellow Payges and Country Funk, replaced Stokes on bass. Suskind departed as well, soon after the arrival of Caughlan and Lanham.

Early on, Pure Prairie League was looking for national artist representation and made contact with a well-known Cleveland based rock and roll promoter, Roger Abramson. At the behest of the group's roadie Jim "Westy" Westermeyer (who had also worked for the James Gang), Abramson saw the band at New Dilly's Pub and later signed them to a management contract. Abramson was able to land a contract with RCA Records. He then placed Pure Prairie League as an opening act with many of the concerts he produced at that time.

Their self-titled first album used a Norman Rockwell Saturday Evening Post cover, showing a trail-worn cowboy named Luke, who would appear on the cover of every Pure Prairie League recording thereafter. After releasing their debut album (recorded in New York City) in March 1972 and embarking on a nationwide tour, Call, Caughlan and Lanham all left the band.

At that point, Pure Prairie League owed RCA another album and Craig Fuller agreed to record the second record in RCA's Toronto studio with the help of George Ed Powell and Bob Ringe (who had also produced the first album). Al Brisco played pedal steel guitar on the session. Bustin' Out (begun in the summer of 1972) was produced by Ringe and featured the songs of Fuller and Powell. Billy Hinds from Cincinnati (drums, percussion) joined the band and Hinds's friend, Michael Connor, played piano on most of the sessions and would become a regular in the Pure Prairie League line-up for years to come. Mick Ronson added string arrangements to several tracks, most notably "Boulder Skies" and "Call Me Tell Me". Michael Reilly, who would become the longtime bass player and front man for the band, joined in early September 1972, soon after the record was completed. Bustin' Out was released in October 1972.

Shortly afterward, the group returned to Ohio and Fuller had to face trial for charges of draft evasion in Kentucky. Before conscientious objector (C.O.) status could be arranged, he was sentenced to six months in jail and forced to leave Pure Prairie League in February 1973. At this point, RCA dropped the band and their future looked bleak.

By August 1973, the band members were in Cincinnati and managed to persuade Call to return. Fuller, though out of prison by now, was working the late shift in a community hospital to satisfy his C.O. requirements, and was not inclined to rejoin at that time. (He was eventually given a full pardon by President Gerald Ford.) Reilly took over as the band's leader and front man and brought in his friend Larry Goshorn (vocals, guitars) to replace Fuller in November 1973. Goshorn had played in a popular Ohio band called the Sacred Mushroom.

Pure Prairie League hit the road and began playing gigs constantly, mostly in the Northeast, Midwest, and Southeast. As a result of their heavy schedule, particularly at colleges, their songs became well known; "Amie" (Craig Fuller's ode to an on-again/off-again relationship), from the second album, became a particular favorite.

Success
As "Amie" grew in popularity, radio stations began receiving requests for it. As a result, RCA re-released Bustin' Out and issued "Amie" as a single. It peaked at No. 27 on April 26, 1975, just as a minor bluegrass revival was underway on mid-western college campuses.

RCA re-signed Pure Prairie League and their third album, Two Lane Highway, was released in June 1975. It featured guest appearances by Chet Atkins, fiddler Johnny Gimble, Don Felder from The Eagles and Emmylou Harris, who dueted with the band on the song "Just Can't Believe It", which received much airplay on country stations. Highway was the band's highest 'charter' at No. 24, and Bustin' Out reached gold status. This began a string of five consecutive Top 40 album releases, as If the Shoe Fits (January 1976), Dance (November 1976) and Live, Takin' the Stage (September 1977) all made the Top 40.

In 1977 Call left because of increasing back troubles. Larry Goshorn's brother, Tim, joined in time to record Just Fly (March 1978). But in 1978 there was a mass exodus as the Goshorns left to form their own group, The Goshorn Brothers, and Powell, the last remaining original member, retired from the road to run his pig farm in Ohio. However, the group soldiered on, as Reilly quickly brought in temporary members, California country rocker Chris Peterson (vocals, guitar) and the group's soundman, Jeff Redefer (guitar), to play a few shows until new, permanent players could be located.

In September 1978 auditions led to the hiring of Vince Gill (vocals, guitars, mandolin, banjo, fiddle). Further auditions brought in Steven Patrick Bolin (vocals, guitars, flute) in January 1979. This revamped line-up recorded Can't Hold Back (June 1979), which turned out to be their last for RCA. Sax player Jeff Kirk accompanied the band on some of their dates during the 1979 tour.

Casablanca Records, who at this time was trying to play down its reputation as primarily a disco label, signed Pure Prairie League and other non-dance acts to its roster in 1980. In January, guitarist Jeff Wilson came in to replace Bolin, and the band's next release, Firin' Up (February 1980) spawned the hits "Let Me Love You Tonight" and "I'm Almost Ready", both sung by Gill, with saxophone accompaniment by David Sanborn. A second Casablanca release, Something in the Night (February 1981), kept Pure Prairie League on the charts with "Still Right Here in My Heart". However, as fate would have it, Casablanca ultimately went bankrupt and was sold to Polygram Records. Polygram then dropped most of Casablanca's roster, including Pure Prairie League.

Both Gill and Wilson left in early 1982, and Gill pursued a successful solo country career.

Later years
Despite the lack of a recording contract, the group still found itself in demand as a live act and played in clubs and at outdoor festivals.

Tim Goshorn returned in 1982 and Mike Hamilton (vocals, guitars, from Kenny Loggins' band) also joined the same year and was there for six months (until mid-1982) and joined again in 1987 for touring and for the recording of "Mementos".
Al Garth (vocals, woodwinds, fiddle, keyboards), another Loggins alumnus (Loggins & Messina, also Poco and Nitty Gritty Dirt Band), joined as well, from 1982 to 1985.

Longtime drummer Billy Hinds retired from the road in 1984. He was first succeeded by Merel Bregante (also ex-Loggins & Messina and Nitty Gritty Dirt Band) and then by Joel Rosenblatt (1985–1986) and Steve Speelman (ex-Steele) (1986–1988). Sax player Dan Clawson took over for Garth in 1985 and Gary Burr (vocals, guitars) was a member from 1984 to 1985.

1985 also saw the return of the group's co-founder Craig Fuller (who had fronted the groups American Flyer and Fuller/Kaz in the mid-to-late 1970s, after he had returned to music).

Mementos 1971-1987, which contained re-recordings of their best known material plus four new songs, was released on the small Rushmore label in December 1987 and was recorded back in Ohio, where the band had returned their home base. It featured guest appearances from many of the band's alumni, including Gill, Powell, the Goshorns, Call, Burr, Rosenblatt and Mike Hamilton.

In 1988 the band decided to call it quits. Fuller, who had already joined a reformed Little Feat in 1987, played with Pure Prairie League for their final shows in the spring of 1988.

Rebirth
A decade later (in 1998), Pure Prairie League was back with a line-up of Fuller, Connor, Reilly, Burr, Fats Kaplin (pedal steel guitar, mandolin, banjo, fiddle, accordion, washboard) and Rick Schell (vocals, drums, percussion). After two years, Burr was succeeded by Curtis Wright (vocals, guitars) in June 2000 and the group began work on a new album in 2002, yet abandoned the sessions and separated again after Schell became busy with other projects.

Michael Connor (born December 7, 1949) died after a long battle with cancer on September 2, 2004, at age 54. Following Connor's death, the group resumed touring once again with Fuller, Reilly, Schell, Wright and Kaplin (when available) and released All in Good Time in November 2005. Their first album in 18 years, this release appeared on the small Drifter's Church label.

Since this time, Pure Prairie League has continued to tour, playing a handful of shows every year. Donnie Lee Clark replaced Curtis Wright in late 2006 after Wright joined Reba McEntire's band. Mike Reilly was sidelined in 2006 after he was forced to undergo a liver transplant. Jack Sundrud (from Poco) came in to sub for Reilly. Rick Plant also did a brief stint with them on bass before relocating to Australia in late 2006. Jeff "Stick" Davis (from Amazing Rhythm Aces) sat in on bass for Mike in 2007. In May 2007 Reilly appeared at a few shows and played guitar yet was unable to come back full-time until 2008. John David Call played some concerts in 2006 & 2007, standing in for Kaplin, and returned to the band full-time in June 2010.

As of May 2011, it was announced, via the Pure Prairie League website, that Fuller would not be appearing at all of the band's shows that year, as he decided to take a break from touring. He ended up leaving the group again altogether by 2012. On February 10, 2012 at The Syndicate in Newport, Kentucky, Fuller, his son Patrick, Tommy McGrail, and George Ed Powell (a frequent guest at their Ohio shows in recent years) took to the stage to join the current Pure Prairie League line-up of John David Call, Mike Reilly, Rick Schell and Donnie Lee Clark. In May 2012 Scott Thompson (vocals, drums, percussion) replaced Rick Schell, who departed to continue to grow his real estate business.

Former member Tim Goshorn (born November 27, 1954) died at his home in Williamstown, Kentucky after a bout with cancer on April 15, 2017, at age 62.

In 2018 the group added additional member Randy Harper on vocals, guitar and keyboards.

Tim Goshorn's brother Larry, who had played with Pure Prairie League from 1973 to 1978, also fell victim to cancer and died on September 14, 2021.

In 2021 long time bassist Mike Reilly retired from the road due to health issues and fifteen year veteran Donnie Lee Clark departed as well, paving the way for new members Jared Camic (vocals, bass) and Jeff Zona (vocals, guitar). Reilly did return briefly in February 2022 as a special guest on the Rock Legends Cruise.

The band endorses a number of charitable efforts, Pittsburgh's ongoing BurghSTOCK Concert Series among them.

Members

Current
 John David Call — pedal steel guitar, banjo, dobro (1970–1972, 1973–1977, 2010–present; guest 2006–2007)
 Scott Thompson — vocals, drums, percussion (2012–present)
 Randy Harper - vocals, guitar, keyboards (2018–present)
 Jared Camic - vocals, bass (2021-present)
 Jeff Zona - vocals, guitar (2021-present)

Former
 Craig Fuller - vocals, lead guitar, bass (1970–1973, 1985–1988, 1998–2002, 2004–2012; somewhat inactive while touring, 2011–2012)
 George Ed Powell — vocals, rhythm guitar, lead guitar (1970—1978; occasional guest at Ohio shows since 1998)
 Phill Stokes — bass (1970—1971)
 Robin Suskind — guitar, mandola (1970–1971)
 Tom McGrail — drums (1970—1971)
 Jim Caughlan — drums, guitar (1971—1972)
 Jim Lanham — bass (1971–1972)
 Billy Hinds — drums, percussion (1972–1984)
 Michael Reilly - vocals, bass (1972-1988, 1998-2021)
 Michael Connor — piano, keyboards, synthesizers (1972–1988, 1998–2004; died 2004)
 Larry Goshorn — vocals, guitars (1973–1978; died 2021)
 Tim Goshorn - pedal steel guitar (1977/1978–1978, 1982—1988; died 2017)
 Vince Gill – vocals, guitars, banjo, mandolin, fiddle, violin (1978–1982)
 Steven Patrick Bolin — vocals, guitars, flute, saxophone (1979–1980)
 Mike Hamilton — vocals, guitars (1982 & 1987)
 Al Garth — vocals, saxophone, woodwinds, fiddle, keyboards (1982—1985)
 Merel Bregante — drums (1984–1985)
 Gary Burr - vocals, guitars (1984–1985, 1998–2000)
 Joel Rosenblatt — drums (1985–1986)
 Dan Clawson — saxophone (1985–1988)
 Steve Speelman — drums (1986–1988)
 Rick Schell - vocals, drums, percussion (1998–2012)
 Jeff Wilson — guitars (1980–1982)
 Fats Kaplin — pedal steel guitar, mandolin, banjo, fiddle, accordion, washboard (1998–2010)
 Curtis Wright - vocals, guitars (2000–2006)
 Donnie Lee Clark - vocals, guitars (2006-2021)

Temporary and touring
 Chris Peterson — vocals, guitar (1978)
 Jeff Redefer - guitar (1978)
 Jeff Kirk — saxophone (1979)
 Jack Sundrud – bass (2006)
 Rick Plant - bass (2006)
 Jeff "Stick" Davis – bass (2007)

Timeline

Discography

Albums

Singles

References

External links

Pure Prairie Band Booking Information - GigMasters

American country rock groups
American soft rock music groups
Musical groups established in 1970
RCA Records artists
Thirty Tigers artists
Casablanca Records artists
Musical groups from Ohio

Pure Prairie League


Ali İpek (1 Ağustos 1955 - 29 Haziran 2019), 1990-1992 ve Kasım 2005-Haziran 2010 tarihleri arasında Denizlispor Kulübü başkanı, eski futbolcu, iş insanı.

Hayatı
1 Ağustos 1955 tarihinde Denizli'de doğan Ali İpek, ilk-orta-lise tahsilini Denizli'de tamamladıktan sonra, Atatürk Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F İşletme bölümünden mezun olmuştur.

1980 yılında Oluklu Mukavva ve Kutu sektörüne adım atan Ali İpek, genç yaşlarından itibaren Futbol dalında Oyuncu, İdareci ve Başkanlık kademelerinde çeşitli görevler almıştır. Birçok kez Yönetim Kurulu üyeliği de yaptığı Denizlispor'da 1990-92 yılları arasında başkanlık görevinde de bulunmuştur. A Milli Futbol Takımının Dünya 3.sü olduğu dönemi de kapsayan 1997-2004 yılları arasında Haluk Ulusoy Başkanlığındaki Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu'nda (TFF) Yönetim Kurulu Üyesi olarak görev almış, bu dönemde Türkiye ve Denizli'de Futbol'un gelişmesine büyük katkılar sağlamıştır.

İş hayatına Denizli Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde kurulu Oluklu Mukavva ve Kutu fabrikasında uzun süre devam etmiştir.

Eski Denizlispor Başkanı olan Ali İpek evliydi ve iki çocuk (Tuna ile Mine) babasıydı.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Denizlispor Kulübü

1955 doğumlular
2019 yılında ölenler
20. yüzyıl Türk iş insanları
21. yüzyıl Türk iş insanları
Türk spor yöneticileri
Denizlispor başkanları
Denizli'de defnedilenler

Ali İpek


Alfredo Palacio Moreno (n. Loja, 9 de agosto de 1912  - f. Guayaquil, 20 de abril de 1998) fue un escultor y  curador de arte ecuatoriano que destacó a lo largo del  por su producción y empeño artístico, llegando a ser el primer director de la Escuela Municipal de Bellas Artes de Guayaquil durante 32 años y siendo el autor del monumento a Eloy Alfaro en Guayaquil. Fue padre del expresidente de la república Alfredo Palacio González e hijo de Manuel Belisario Moreno, conocido escritor de la novela Naya o La Chapetona.

Biografía
Palacio nació en Loja el 9 de agosto de 1912 y desde muy chico trabajó en pequeñas cargas dedicando su tiempo libre a realizar dibujos.

Estudió junto a su hermano Daniel Elías en la Escuela de Bellas Artes de Quito donde obtuvieron las mejores calificaciones, ganando en 1926 una beca para estudiar en España y regresando en 1932 debido a asuntos políticos.

Fue subdirector del diario El Telégrafo, realizando ilustraciones y caricaturas.

En 1941 fue fundada la Escuela Municipal de Bellas Artes de Guayaquil siendo nombrado director, desempeñando ese cargo hasta 1972 debido a la dictadura del General Guillermo Rodríguez Lara.

También fue director del I Salón Municipal de Pintura y Escultura más conocido como el Salón de Julio en 1958 y ese mismo año realizó el monumento a Eloy Alfaro que estuvo ubicado en el centro de la ciudad, entre los puentes que unen con la Avenida de las Américas y las calles Esmeraldas y Los Ríos siendo trasladado y reubicado en el 2007 frente al Puente de la Unidad Nacional que une a Guayaquil con La Puntilla y dando la espalda al monumento de Guayas y Quil, por órdenes de su hijo, el entonces presidente Alfredo Palacio González.

Formó junto Yela Loffredo y otros artistas del medio la Asociación Cultural Las Peñas a mediados de 1966.

En 1988 elaboró un mural para la Casa de la Cultura Núcleo del Guayas.

Fallecimiento
Murió en Guayaquil, el 20 de abril de 1998.

Referencias

Lojanos
Escultores de Ecuador
Escultores del siglo XX
Curadores de arte
Ganadores del Premio Eugenio Espejo
Fallecidos en Guayaquil

Alfredo Palacio Moreno


The president of Tunisia, officially the president of the Republic of Tunisia (), is the head of state of Tunisia. Tunisia is a presidential republic, whereby the president is the head of state and head of government. Under Article 77 of the Constitution of Tunisia, the president is also the commander-in-chief of the Tunisian Armed Forces. The incumbent president is Kais Saied who has held this position since 23 October 2019 following the death of Beji Caid Essebsi on 25 July 2019. 2022 Tunisian constitutional referendum turned Tunisia into a presidential republic, giving the president sweeping powers while largely limiting the role of the parliament.

Elections

The president is elected by universal suffrage by majority during elections held in the last sixty days of the previous presidential term. Article 74 of the Constitution establishes that the right to presidential candidacy is open to every Tunisian national of at least 35 years of age and of Muslim faith. Candidates must renounce any prior nationality upon election.

Voting takes place in the form of a two round winner-take-all election. Article 75 indicates that if no candidate receives an absolute majority of the votes cast during the first round, a second round shall be held within two weeks of the announcement of the final results of the first round. The two candidates having received the most votes in the first round are both presented in the second round, with the candidate receiving the most votes between the two being declared president-elect. If one of the candidates on the ballot dies, a new call for candidates is made, with new election dates set within no more than 45 days; this provision does not apply to the potential withdrawal of candidates. The Constitution also specifies that one may not occupy the position of president for more than two full terms, consecutive or non-consecutive, and that in the event of resignation, the term is considered to have been completed in full.

Terms

Oath
According to Article 42 of the Constitution of 1959, the president-elect was required to swear an oath before the Chamber of Deputies and the Chamber of Advisors, meeting in joint session, by reciting the following words:

At his swearing-in before the Constituent Assembly of Tunisia on 13 December 2011, Moncef Marzouki gave a modified version of the oath:
According to Article 76 of the Constitution of 2014, the president-elect  must swear the following oath before the Assembly of the Representatives of the People:

Term limits
Under the Constitution of 1959, the president of the republic was elected by majority to a term of five years by universal, free, direct, and secret elections. According to Article 40 of this constitution, the president may only be reelected three consecutive times, thus limiting the reign of a president to four terms.

However, Habib Bourguiba, after having presented himself in presidential elections four times, expressed his desire to benefit from a lifetime presidency. The National Assembly ratified a lifetime term limit for Bourguiba on 18 March 1975 in constitutional law n°75-13 by amending paragraph 2 of Article 40 as follows:

Article 51 (henceforth referred to as Article 57) was also amended so that in the case of a presidential absence, the prime minister would assume the functions of the presidency.

Article 75 of the Constitution of 2014 reestablished a limit of two terms, whether consecutive or separate, even specifying that this provision cannot be amended in the aim of extending the number of terms.

Succession
Article 84 of the Constitution of 2014 assigns the Constitutional Court with the task of overseeing a potential provisional vacancy of the presidency and entrusts the prime minister with the duties of the presidency for a maximum period of 60 days. Beyond 60 days or in the case of a definitive vacancy due to resignation, death, or permanent incapacitation, the Constitutional Court entrusts the president of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People with the functions of president for a period of 45 to 90 days.

Role and powers

The president's role and powers are defined in title four, part one of the constitution. In addition to being the head of state, the president is also commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The president is limited to a maximum of two terms, and may not hold a partisan position while serving as president. The president and the prime minister have executive roles, with the executive power being exercised by the president and the government (dual executive). The Assembly of the Representatives of the People has the right to, by majority, present a motion to impeach the president for a grave violation of the constitution; such a motion would have to be approved by a two-thirds majority of both the Assembly and the Constitutional Court.

Article 77 specifies that the president is responsible for the general state of defence, foreign policy and national security, after consultation with the head of government.

Article 78 specifies that the president is responsible for appointing and dismissing:
 The Grand Mufti of the Tunisian Republic
 Individuals in senior positions in the Presidency of the Republic and dependent institutions.
 Individuals in senior military and diplomatic positions, and related to national security, after consultation with the Head of Government.
 The head of the central bank, upon proposal from the head of government after approval from the Assembly of the Representatives of the People.
Article 80 specifies that in exceptional circumstances, the president, after consultation with the government and the president of the Assembly, may take measures necessitated by the circumstances.

Article 81 specifies that the president has the responsibility of signing laws, and ensure their publication. With the exception of draft constitutional laws, the president has the right to return laws to the assembly with an explanation. A returned law requires approval by an absolute majority of assembly members (as opposed to a majority of members present), or in the case of an organic law, three-fifths of the assembly members.

Article 82 specifies that the president may in exceptional circumstances put certain draft laws to a referendum.

Article 87 specifies that the president enjoys legal immunity while in office.

History

Since the promulgation of a republican constitution in June 1959, three years after gaining independence from France, Tunisia has had just four directly elected presidents. The first president was Habib Bourguiba, who became the country's first president after the proclamation of a republic in 1957; he had been the country's de facto leader as prime minister since independence in 1956.  He was formally elected to the post in 1959, and was proclaimed president for life in 1975.  He was removed from office in a coup d'état in 1987 by Prime Minister Zine El Abidine Ben Ali after being declared medically unfit to continue in office. Ben Ali ascended as acting president, was elected in his own right in 1989 and served until 2011, when he was forced from office during an uprising against his rule.  In the country's first free presidential election, held in December 2014, Beji Caid Essebsi was elected in the second round.

For most of its history as an independent state, Tunisia lacked political democracy in the Western sense, and saw widespread violations of human rights. Because of this, presidential elections in Tunisia, such as that of 2009, lacked international credibility. Elections resulted in implausibly high margins for the ruling party, the Constitutional Democratic Rally and its previous incarnations as the Neo Destour party and the Socialist Destourian Party.

Prior to 1999, presidential candidates had to be endorsed by at least 30 political figures—a realistic possibility only for a candidate from a well-organized party like the RCD.  Given the RCD's near-total domination of Tunisian politics, opposition candidates found it impossible to get their nomination papers signed. Even when this requirement was lifted, incumbent Ben Ali was reelected three more times by implausibly high margins; his lowest margin was 89 percent in 2009.

Tunisia's original republican constitution vested the president with sweeping executive and legislative powers. Indeed, within the context of the system, he was a virtual dictator. He was elected for a term of five years, with no term limits. In 1975, five months after winning his third full term, Bourguiba was named president for life. From 1987 to 2002, a president was limited to three five-year terms, with no more than two in a row. However, this provision was removed in June 2002.

The 2014 Constitution retained the presidency as the key institution, but hedged it about with numerous checks and balances to prevent a repeat of past authoritarian excesses. Most notably, a president is limited to two five-year terms, even if they are non-successive. The Constitution explicitly forbids any amendment to increase the length of a president's term or allow him to run for more than two terms.

Under the current constitution, the president is primarily responsible for foreign policy, defense and national security, while the Head of Government (prime minister) is responsible for domestic policy.

Following Zine El Abidine Ben Ali's ousting in January 2011, prime minister Mohamed Ghannouchi invoked article 56 of the Constitution regarding temporary absence of the president to assume the role of acting president. This move was deemed unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court hours later and President of the Chamber of Deputies Fouad Mebazaa was appointed as acting president based on article 57 of the Constitution regarding permanent absence of the president. On December 12, 2011, Moncef Marzouki was elected by the newly formed Constituent Assembly as interim president of the Republic.

Latest election

See also
Tunisia
List of beys of Tunis
List of French residents-general in Tunisia
List of presidents of Tunisia
First Lady of Tunisia
Prime Minister of Tunisia
Lists of office-holders
List of current heads of state and government

References

1957 establishments in Tunisia

da:Tunesiens præsidenter
id:Daftar Presiden Tunisia
ka:ტუნისის პრეზიდენტი

President of Tunisia


Le Hessegau est le nom d'une ancienne région historique de l'Allemagne située entre Beverungen et Marbourg au nord et Bad Hersfeld au sud.

Histoire

Le nom signifie district des Hessois, peuple qui y habitait. Gouverné par les comtes palatins de Saxe, le Hessengau est ensuite incorporé dans la Saxe par les ducs de la maison de Wettin.

Notes et références

Histoire de l'Allemagne médiévale

Hessengau


ديان هو آخر أفلام لانا تيرنر مع شركة إم جي إم عام 1956. قامت فيه تيرنر بدور ديان عشيقة الأمير هنري ولي عهد ملك فرنسا والتي وقعت في حبه وهناك صراعات بين فرنسا وإيطاليا من خلال المصاهرة الملكية بينهما للاستيلاء على الحكم. الفيلم تميز بلغة الحوار القوية والموسيقى المبهرة والتمثيل المميز على الرغم من النقد الحاد الذي وجه للفيلم بكثرة أخطائه التاريخية.

تم إنتاج الفيلم عام 1956 وكان إدموند بودوم الممثل البريطاني مرشح لدور الأمير هنري والذي أصبح ملكًا لفرنسا ولكن تم تغييره عن طريق لانا تيرنر بالممثل الإنجليزي الشهير والكبير روجر مور الذي نجح في أداء دوره بشكل مميز وكون تناغمًا مدهشًا مع لانا تيرنر في المشاهد الرومانسية ولا ننسى له الجملة الحوارية الجميلة التي اتسمت بموسيقية الحوار وهي (لقد جعلتينني أميرًا والآن حان الوقت لكي تجعلينني ملكًا).

لقطة

أجمل ما في الفيلم النهاية حيث قامت زوجة الملك بعد وفاته وهو جثة هامدة فارقت الحياة بنزع الخاتم التي أعطته ديان للملك وأعطته لها لكي يضعنا الفيلم في مشاركة ديان الاستنتاج هل الملك خلعه بمحض إرادته أم هذا من فعل الملكة؟ في ظل الصراع الداخلي الذي انتاب ديان وجعلها تشعر بالمرارة لأن الخاتم فارق يد الحبيب وكأن الحب ينتهي بينهما بوفاة الملك مع موسيقى مؤثرة ورائعة تترجم لنا جمال الفن الهوليودي في الخمسينات وروجر مور نجح في دوره مذكرًا الجمهور بثنائية جيبيل مع لانا تيرنر في الأربعينات.

من هنا يأتي لنا الدليل على حس لانا تيرنر الفني المرهف والرائع في اختيارها لروجر مور لن به روح وصبغة جيبيل في الخمسينات ومن هنا نجد أن لو استمر روجر مور في هوليود لبلغ ما بلغه شين كونري من الشهرة لكنه فضل العودة لبلاده إنجلترا والعمل في سينما إنجلترا والتليفزيون البريطاني من خلال شخصية (سيمون تيمبلر) في مسلسل القديس وهذا المسلسل حرمه من أن يكون هو الأول في تجسيد شخصية جيمس بوند من خلال فيلم (دكتور نو) عام 1962 وقام بأداء دور جيمس بوند عام 1973 بفيلم (عش ودع الآخرين يموتون) وعام 1974 (الرجل ذو المسدس الذهبي) و 1977 (الجاسوس الذي أحبني) و 1979 (سارق القمر) و 1981 (من أجل عينيك) و 1983 (الأخطبوط) و 1985 (مشهد للقتل) وهو الثالث في تجسيد تلك الشخصية بعد شين كونري وجورج لازنبي.

وصلات خارجية

أفلام أمريكية
أفلام أمريكية في عقد 1950
أفلام إنتاج 1956
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية في عقد 1950
أفلام تاريخية أمريكية
أفلام تاريخية درامية أمريكية
أفلام تاريخية درامية في عقد 1950
أفلام تقع أحداثها في القرن 16
أفلام دراما أمريكية
أفلام دراما إنتاج عقد 1950
أفلام درامية 1956
أفلام سجلها ميكلوس روزا
أفلام مترو غلودن ماير
أفلام من إخراج دايفيد ميلر
تصوير ثقافي عن كاترين دي ميديشي

ديان (فيلم)


Die Ellaktor AE (griech. Eigenschreibweise: ΕΛΛΑΚΤΩΡ) ist ein börsennotierter, international tätiger Baudienstleister mit Sitz in Kifissia bei Athen. Der Geschäftsbereich Umwelt, Energie und Abfallwirtschaft firmiert als "Helector" und hat seinen Sitz in Solms mit einer Niederlassung in Hamburg.

Geschichte
Die Vorgängerfirmen Elliniki Technodomiki, Aktor und TEB wurden in den 1950er und 1960er Jahren gegründet, 1999 fusionierten die Unternehmen zu dem größten Bauunternehmen Griechenlands. 2008 wurde der Firmenname von Elliniki Technodomoki-TEB auf Ellaktor verkürzt. Ab 2001 wurde der Bereich "Erneuerbare Energien" ausgebaut.

2003 wurde der neue Geschäftsbereich Umwelt, Energie und Abfallwirtschaft gegründet, der seit 2005 eine 50-Prozent-Beteiligung an der Herhof GmbH besitzt. Zu den realisierten Projekten der Helector in Deutschland gehören Biomasse-Kraftwerken und Bioabfallbehandlungsanlagen.

Das klassische Baugeschäft wurde in die 100-prozentige Tochtergesellschaft "Aktor" ausgegliedert.

Geschäftsbereiche
Das Unternehmen gliedert sich in folgende Geschäftsbereiche:

 Construction ("Aktor")
 Concessions
 Waste Management (Umwelt, Energie und Abfallwirtschaft)
 Energy
 Real Estate Development
 Holdings

Weblinks
 Homepage Ellaktor AE
 Homepage Herhof GmbH

Unternehmen (Griechenland)
Kifisia

Ellaktor


Havreholm kan henvise til flere stednavne i Danmark:
 Havreholm (Hornbæk Sogn) – en bebyggelse og et ejerlav i Hornbæk Sogn, Helsingør Kommune
 Havreholm (Vestsjælland) – en bebyggelse og et ejerlav i Skellebjerg Sogn og Sønder Asmindrup Sogn - Sorø Kommune og Holbæk Kommune
 Se også
 Havreholm Papirfabrik
 Havreholm Slot – et hotel og konferencecenter

Havreholm


Télécom ParisTech er et fransk ingeniør-institut tilknyttet Université Paris-Saclay.

Instituttet blev oprettet i 1878 (École Supérieure de Télégraphie) i 1971 (École nationale supérieure des télécommunications) og har i dag omkring 1600 studerende.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Uddannelsesinstitutioner i Frankrig
Tekniske universiteter

Télécom ParisTech