Die Bitburger Open 2003 (offiziell Bitburger Badminton Open 2003) im Badminton fanden vom 3. bis zum 7. Dezember 2003 in Saarbrücken statt.

Austragungsort
 Saarlandhalle Saarbrücken

Medaillengewinner

Herreneinzel Qualifikation
  Michael Spuehler –  Christian Beutel: 15-6 / 6-15 / 15-13
  Agus Sugimin –  Jan Kiel: 17-14 / 15-13
  Ilkka Nyqvist –  Thomas Staczan: 15-2 / 15-6
  Mike Joppien –  Philip Sommer: 15-4 / 15-3
  Sebastian Wittig –  Christos Coucas: 15-4 / 15-0
  Evgeniy Dremin –  Timo Courage: 15-3 / 15-5
  Agung Ruhanda –  Benjamin Woll: 15-1 / 15-3
  Alexander Jacobi –  Manfred Helms: 15-6 / 15-4
  Sebastian Schöttler –  Michael Spuehler: 15-12 / 15-5
  Agus Sugimin –  Markus Ebert: 15-8 / 15-2
  Stephan Löll –  Dieter Domke: 15-7 / 15-7
  Steffen Hornig –  Alexander Piske: 15-13 / 15-13
  Ilkka Nyqvist –  Sven Eric Kastens: 15-4 / 16-17 / 15-9
  Maurice Niesner –  Christian Böhmer: 15-7 / 15-7
  Mike Joppien –  Christos Poulios: 15-2 / 15-4
  Koen Ridder –  Marco Fux: 4-15 / 15-10 / 15-11
  Thorsten Hukriede –  Danny Schwarz: 15-5 / 15-13
  Sebastian Wittig –  Stanislav Mlejnek: 15-0 / 15-6
  Marcel Reuter –  Fabian Zilm: 15-3 / 15-3
  Matthias Bilo –  Thera Herman: 17-14 / 15-9
  Guntur Hariono –  Kai Waldenberger: 15-8 / 15-7
  Evgeniy Dremin –  Robert Georg: 15-5 / 15-0
  Agung Ruhanda –  Michael Fuchs: 5-15 / 15-9 / 15-6
  Alexander Jacobi –  Marko Kroflic: 15-10 / 11-15 / 15-2
  Sebastian Schöttler –  Agus Sugimin: 15-11 / 15-0
  Stephan Löll –  Steffen Hornig: 15-9 / 15-9
  Ilkka Nyqvist –  Maurice Niesner: 15-4 / 15-6
  Mike Joppien –  Koen Ridder: 15-1 / 15-1
  Thorsten Hukriede –  Sebastian Wittig: 15-9 / 15-2
  Matthias Bilo –  Marcel Reuter: 12-15 / 15-8 / 17-14
  Guntur Hariono –  Evgeniy Dremin: 15-8 / 6-15 / 15-9
  Agung Ruhanda –  Alexander Jacobi: 15-5 / 15-7

Herreneinzel
  Daniel Damgaard –  Gerben Bruijstens: 15-10 / 15-12
  Jim Ronny Andersen –  Sebastian Schöttler: 15-4 / 15-5
  Marco Vasconcelos –  Dharma Gunawi: 13-15 / 17-16 / 15-7
  Andreas Wölk –  Irfan Razi: 15-8 / 15-1
  Nabil Lasmari –  Andrej Pohar: 15-7 / 15-9
  Jan Vondra –  Oliver Pongratz: 15-6 / 15-4
  Peter Zauner-  Matthias Bilo: 12-15 / 17-14 / 15-2
  Michael Christensen –  Rafał Hawel: 15-14 / 15-3
  Per-Henrik Croona –  Arnd Vetters: 14-17 / 15-6 / 15-4
  Nikhil Kanetkar –  Evgenij Isakov: 15-0 / 15-12
  Vladislav Druzchenko –  Stephan Löll: 15-7 / 15-2
  Joachim Fischer Nielsen –  Xie Yangchun: 15-12 / 15-12
  Stanislav Pukhov  –  Yong Yudianto: 15-8 / 15-9
  Eric Pang –  Olivier Andrey: 15-11 / 15-5
  Jean-Michel Lefort –  Guntur Hariono: 2-15 / 15-4 / 15-7
  Jan Fröhlich –  Ian Maywald: 15-13 / 15-5
  George Rimarcdi –  Rune Massing: 15-9 / 15-3
  Joachim Persson –  Roman Spitko: 15-6 / 15-4
  Aamir Ghaffar –  Mike Joppien: 15-7 / 15-8
  Ilkka Nyqvist –  Jürgen Koch: 15-11 / 15-13
  Kasper Ødum –  Marc Zwiebler: 15-4 / 15-3
  Arif Rasidi –  Michael Trojan: 15-5 / 15-2
  Agung Ruhanda –  Jesper Christensen: w.o.
  Thorsten Hukriede –  Roman Zirnwald: w.o.
  Björn Joppien –  Daniel Damgaard: 13-15 / 15-8 / 15-9
  Jim Ronny Andersen –  Marco Vasconcelos: 15-6 / 15-13
  Agung Ruhanda –  Bobby Milroy: 9-15 / 15-9 / 15-9
  Andreas Wölk –  Thorsten Hukriede: 15-2 / 17-15
  Dicky Palyama –  Nabil Lasmari: 17-16 / 5-15 / 15-2
  Jan Vondra –  Peter Zauner: 15-10 / 15-9
  Michael Christensen –  Michael Lahnsteiner: 15-4 / 15-1
  Per-Henrik Croona –  Nikhil Kanetkar: 15-7 / 12-15 / 15-3
  Joachim Fischer Nielsen –  Vladislav Druzchenko: 15-13 / 15-11
  Stanislav Pukhov  –  Rasmus Wengberg: 15-6 / 9-15 / 15-10
  Eric Pang –  Jean-Michel Lefort: 15-5 / 15-4
  Jens Roch –  Jan Fröhlich: 15-7 / 15-3
  George Rimarcdi –  Joachim Persson: 15-11 / 15-12
  Richard Vaughan –  Aamir Ghaffar: 15-13 / 15-8
  Kasper Ødum –  Ilkka Nyqvist: 15-12 / 15-1
  Arif Rasidi –  Przemysław Wacha: 14-17 / 15-3 / 15-1
  Björn Joppien –  Jim Ronny Andersen: 11-15 / 15-6 / 15-5
  Agung Ruhanda –  Andreas Wölk: 7-15 / 15-5 / 15-5
  Dicky Palyama –  Jan Vondra: 15-11 / 15-1
  Per-Henrik Croona –  Michael Christensen: 17-16 / 15-8
  Stanislav Pukhov  –  Joachim Fischer Nielsen: 15-11 / 17-14
  Eric Pang –  Jens Roch: 17-14 / 10-15 / 17-14
  George Rimarcdi –  Richard Vaughan: 15-6 / 15-10
  Arif Rasidi –  Kasper Ødum: 15-10 / 15-7
  Björn Joppien –  Agung Ruhanda: 15-2 / 15-1
  Dicky Palyama –  Per-Henrik Croona: 15-10 / 15-7
  Eric Pang –  Stanislav Pukhov : 15-11 / 15-11
  George Rimarcdi –  Arif Rasidi: 2-15 / 15-9 / 15-6
  Dicky Palyama –  Björn Joppien: 15-12 / 15-4
  George Rimarcdi –  Eric Pang: 15-10 / 16-17 / 17-14
  Dicky Palyama –  George Rimarcdi: 15-2 / 15-4

Dameneinzel
  Pi Hongyan –  Katja Michalowsky: 11-2 / 11-0
  Kamila Augustyn –  Hana Procházková: 6-11 / 11-1 / 11-8
  Marina Andrievskaia –  Maja Tvrdy: 11-3 / 11-3
  Nicole Grether –  Anne Marie Pedersen: 4-11 / 11-6 / 11-7
  Kelly Morgan –  Mette Pedersen: 11-2 / 11-1
  Claudia Vogelgsang –  Ekaterina Ananina: 11-13 / 11-7 / 11-6
  Judith Meulendijks –  Santi Wibowo: 11-2 / 11-1
  Miyo Akao –  Simone Prutsch: 11-2 / 11-6
  Juliane Schenk –  Nadieżda Zięba: 11-5 / 4-11 / 11-4
  Anu Nieminen –  Neli Boteva: 11-4 / 11-9
  Elena Nozdran –  Bing Huang: 11-6 / 11-9
  Tine Baun –  Diana Dimova: 11-1 / 11-4
  Sara Persson –  Karin Schnaase: 11-7 / 11-8
  Petya Nedelcheva –  Tatiana Vattier: w.o.
  Chie Umezu –  Elena Shimko: 11-0 / 13-11
  Xu Huaiwen –  Kati Tolmoff: 11-0 / 11-2
  Pi Hongyan –  Kamila Augustyn: 11-1 / 11-4
  Nicole Grether –  Marina Andrievskaia: 11-0 / 13-10
  Kelly Morgan –  Claudia Vogelgsang: 11-0 / 11-9
  Judith Meulendijks –  Miyo Akao: 11-5 / 11-5
  Anu Nieminen –  Juliane Schenk: 13-11 / 11-8
  Tine Baun –  Elena Nozdran: 11-3 / 11-8
  Sara Persson –  Petya Nedelcheva: 11-9 / 4-11 / 11-0
  Xu Huaiwen –  Chie Umezu: 11-8 / 13-10
  Pi Hongyan –  Nicole Grether: 11-5 / 11-9
  Judith Meulendijks –  Kelly Morgan: 11-3 / 13-11
  Tine Baun –  Anu Nieminen: 11-1 / 7-11 / 11-9
  Xu Huaiwen –  Sara Persson: 11-8 / 11-9
  Pi Hongyan –  Judith Meulendijks: 11-9 / 11-3
  Xu Huaiwen –  Tine Baun: 11-1 / 11-9
  Xu Huaiwen –  Pi Hongyan: 9-11 / 11-5 / 11-5

Herrendoppel Qualifikation
  Marcel Reuter /  Benjamin Woll –  Marco Fux /  Irfan Razi: 15-4 / 13-15 / 15-5
  Christian Böhmer /  Thomas Staczan –  Robert Georg /  Thera Herman: 15-5 / 12-15 / 15-7
  Alexander Piske /  Stefan Wagner –  Toni Gerasch /  Fabian Zilm: 17-14 / 8-15 / 15-4
  Alexander Jacobi /  Sebastian Wittig –  Christos Coucas /  Christos Poulios: 15-3 / 15-5
  Stephan Löll /  Maurice Niesner –  Dieter Domke /  Eugen Goidenko: 15-5 / 15-11
  Markus Ebert /  Jan Kiel –  Olivier Andrey /  Michael Spuehler: 15-13 / 10-15 / 17-14
  Agung Ruhanda /  Agus Sugimin –  Christian Beutel /  Philip Sommer: 15-4 / 15-4
  Marcel Reuter /  Benjamin Woll –  Timo Courage /  Olaf Schulz-Holstege: 13-15 / 17-14 / 15-12
  Christian Böhmer /  Thomas Staczan –  Alexander Piske /  Stefan Wagner: 15-12 / 17-14
  Stephan Löll /  Maurice Niesner –  Alexander Jacobi /  Sebastian Wittig: 15-12 / 15-12
  Agung Ruhanda /  Agus Sugimin –  Markus Ebert /  Jan Kiel: 15-6 / 15-3

Herrendoppel
  Michał Łogosz /  Robert Mateusiak –  Miha Horvat /  Denis Peshehonov: 15-2 / 15-4
  Ian Palethorpe /  Paul Trueman –  Arnd Vetters /  Franklin Wahab: 15-13 / 15-10
  Frédéric Mawet /  Wouter Claes –  Steffen Hornig /  Kai Waldenberger: 15-0 / 15-9
  Agung Ruhanda /  Agus Sugimin –  Rasmus Andersen /  Joachim Persson: 15-10 / 5-1
  Thorsten Hukriede /  Mike Joppien –  Kristof Hopp /  Thomas Tesche: 15-10 / 15-4
  Henrik Andersson /  Fredrik Bergström –  Gerben Bruijstens /  Remco Muyris: 15-5 / 15-10
  Manuel Dubrulle /  Mihail Popov –  Christian Böhmer /  Thomas Staczan: 15-8 / 15-9
  Sven Eric Kastens /  Sebastian Schöttler –  Michael Lahnsteiner /  Michael Trojan: 15-4 / 15-7
  Tijs Creemers /  Jürgen Wouters –  Stanislav Mlejnek /  Jan Vondra: 15-1 / 15-5
  Ingo Kindervater /  Björn Siegemund –  Marko Kroflic /  Gasper Plestenjak: 15-6 / 15-4
  Ian Maywald /  Marc Zwiebler –  Stephan Löll /  Maurice Niesner: 15-13 / 15-7
  Vincent Laigle /  Svetoslav Stoyanov –  Jürgen Koch /  Peter Zauner: 15-7 / 15-6
  Jordy Halapiry /  Youri Lapre –  Jean-Michel Lefort /  Arif Rasidi: 15-11 / 9-15 / 17-14
  Imanuel Hirschfeld /  George Rimarcdi –  Jochen Cassel /  Joachim Tesche: 10-15 / 15-13 / 15-5
  Tim Dettmann /  Michael Fuchs –  Marcel Reuter /  Benjamin Woll: 15-4 / 15-4
  Thomas Røjkjær Jensen /  Tommy Sørensen –  Stanislav Pukhov  /  Nikolay Zuev: 15-9 / 15-8
  Michał Łogosz /  Robert Mateusiak –  Ian Palethorpe /  Paul Trueman: 15-8 / 15-7
  Agung Ruhanda /  Agus Sugimin –  Frédéric Mawet /  Wouter Claes: 15-8 / 15-12
  Henrik Andersson /  Fredrik Bergström –  Thorsten Hukriede /  Mike Joppien: 15-5 / 15-10
  Manuel Dubrulle /  Mihail Popov –  Sven Eric Kastens /  Sebastian Schöttler: 15-7 / 15-6
  Tijs Creemers /  Jürgen Wouters –  Ingo Kindervater /  Björn Siegemund: 17-15 / 11-15 / 15-12
  Vincent Laigle /  Svetoslav Stoyanov –  Ian Maywald /  Marc Zwiebler: 15-6 / 15-4
  Imanuel Hirschfeld /  George Rimarcdi –  Jordy Halapiry /  Youri Lapre: 15-7 / 15-8
  Tim Dettmann /  Michael Fuchs –  Thomas Røjkjær Jensen /  Tommy Sørensen: 15-5 / 15-12
  Michał Łogosz /  Robert Mateusiak –  Agung Ruhanda /  Agus Sugimin: 15-8 / 15-9
  Henrik Andersson /  Fredrik Bergström –  Manuel Dubrulle /  Mihail Popov: 15-2 / 15-2
  Vincent Laigle /  Svetoslav Stoyanov –  Tijs Creemers /  Jürgen Wouters: 15-9 / 17-14
  Imanuel Hirschfeld /  George Rimarcdi –  Tim Dettmann /  Michael Fuchs: 15-11 / 15-8
  Michał Łogosz /  Robert Mateusiak –  Henrik Andersson /  Fredrik Bergström: 15-11 / 15-11
  Vincent Laigle /  Svetoslav Stoyanov –  Imanuel Hirschfeld /  George Rimarcdi: 15-13 / 15-9
  Michał Łogosz /  Robert Mateusiak –  Vincent Laigle /  Svetoslav Stoyanov: 15-5 / 15-9

Damendoppel
  Neli Boteva /  Petya Nedelcheva –  Carola Bott /  Karin Schnaase: 15-4 / 15-2
  Lena Frier Kristiansen /  Kamilla Rytter Juhl –  Judith Baumeyer /  Fabienne Baumeyer: 15-6 / 15-7
  Jane Crabtree /  Rachel van Cutsen –  Sindy Krauspe /  Nicole Schnurrer: 15-10 / 11-15 / 15-2
  Johanna Persson /  Victoria Wright –  Johanna Goliszewski /  Natascha Thome: 15-3 / 15-9
  Anna Efremova /  Elena Nozdran –  Ina Beck /  Claudia Ritter: 15-4 / 15-4
  Kumiko Ogura /  Reiko Shiota –  Monja Bölter /  Claudia Vogelgsang: 15-4 / 15-11
  Ekaterina Ananina /  Irina Ruslyakova –  Birgit Overzier /  Aileen Rößler: 15-1 / 15-1
  Thérèse Nawrath /  Michaela Peiffer –  Maja Kersnik /  Maja Tvrdy: 17-14 / 15-9
  Katja Michalowsky /  Anika Sietz –  Jeanine Cicognini /  Jasmin Pang: 15-3 / 8-15 / 15-9
  Eva Krab /  Paulien van Dooremalen –  Diana Dimova /  Miriam Gruber: 15-3 / 15-8
  Elena Shimko /  Marina Yakusheva –  Anu Nieminen /  Judith Meulendijks: w.o.
  Kamila Augustyn /  Nadieżda Zięba –  Neli Boteva /  Petya Nedelcheva: 15-3 / 15-6
  Carina Mette /  Kathrin Piotrowski –  Lena Frier Kristiansen /  Kamilla Rytter Juhl: 11-15 / 15-12 / 15-10
  Johanna Persson /  Victoria Wright –  Jane Crabtree /  Rachel van Cutsen: 15-6 / 15-11
  Kumiko Ogura /  Reiko Shiota –  Anna Efremova /  Elena Nozdran: 15-1 / 15-8
  Ekaterina Ananina /  Irina Ruslyakova –  Kirsteen McEwan /  Rita Yuan Gao: 15-13 / 11-15 / 15-9
  Katja Michalowsky /  Anika Sietz –  Thérèse Nawrath /  Michaela Peiffer: 15-11 / 15-4
  Nicole Grether /  Juliane Schenk –  Eva Krab /  Paulien van Dooremalen: 15-1 / 15-4
  Elena Shimko /  Marina Yakusheva –  Caren Hückstädt /  Sandra Marinello: w.o.
  Kamila Augustyn /  Nadieżda Zięba –  Elena Shimko /  Marina Yakusheva: 4-15 / 15-9 / 15-9
  Carina Mette /  Kathrin Piotrowski –  Johanna Persson /  Victoria Wright: 15-4 / 15-10
  Kumiko Ogura /  Reiko Shiota –  Ekaterina Ananina /  Irina Ruslyakova: 15-8 / 15-6
  Nicole Grether /  Juliane Schenk –  Katja Michalowsky /  Anika Sietz: 15-0 / 15-8
  Kamila Augustyn /  Nadieżda Zięba –  Carina Mette /  Kathrin Piotrowski: 15-13 / 15-10
  Nicole Grether /  Juliane Schenk –  Kumiko Ogura /  Reiko Shiota: 15-8 / 15-6
  Nicole Grether /  Juliane Schenk –  Kamila Augustyn /  Nadieżda Zięba: 15-9 / 10-15 / 15-12
 Ws (Qual) - :
  Karin Schnaase –  Anna Efremova: 11-2 / 11-3
  Sarah MacMaster –  Rachel van Cutsen: 11-9 / 11-1
  Aileen Rößler –  Erin Hois: 11-1 / 13-10
  Jeanine Cicognini –  Nicole Schnurrer: 11-7 / 11-0
  Johanna Goliszewski –  Miriam Gruber: 9-11 / 11-9 / 11-9
  Michaela Peiffer –  Irina Gritsenko: 11-7 / 6-11 / 11-6
  Elena Nozdran –  Jasmin Pang: 11-1 / 11-2
  Monja Bölter –  Sarah MacMaster: 11-2 / 11-6
  Claudia Vogelgsang –  Aileen Rößler: 11-2 / 11-0
  Katja Michalowsky –  Jeanine Cicognini: 5-11 / 11-7 / 11-8
  Johanna Goliszewski –  Karen Foo Kune: 11-3 / 11-2
  Michaela Peiffer –  Maja Kersnik: 13-12 / 11-8
  Elena Nozdran –  Carola Bott: 11-3 / 11-5
  Karin Schnaase –  Monja Bölter: 13-10 / 11-7
  Claudia Vogelgsang –  Eva Mayer: 11-3 / 11-1
  Katja Michalowsky –  Johanna Goliszewski: 11-2 / 11-2
  Elena Nozdran –  Michaela Peiffer: 11-2 / 11-5

Mixed
  Tijs Creemers /  Jane Crabtree –  Tim Dettmann /  Michaela Peiffer: 15-9 / 15-9
  Evgeniy Dremin /  Irina Ruslyakova –  Michael Fuchs /  Monja Bölter: 15-8 / 15-10
  Joachim Tesche /  Birgit Overzier –  Remco Muyris /  Paulien van Dooremalen: 15-5 / 15-12
  Kristof Hopp /  Kathrin Piotrowski –  Michael Lahnsteiner /  Simone Prutsch: 15-5 / 15-8
  Vladislav Druzchenko /  Elena Nozdran –  Philipp Lieber /  Claudia Ritter: 15-4 / 15-0
  Markus Ebert /  Johanna Goliszewski –  Gasper Plestenjak /  Maja Kersnik: 17-14 / 15-11
  Thomas Tesche /  Carina Mette –  Peter Zauner/  Miriam Gruber: 15-6 / 15-5
  Tommy Sørensen /  Lena Frier Kristiansen –  Ingo Kindervater /  Caren Hückstädt: 15-11 / 15-10
  Jochen Cassel /  Sandra Marinello –  Jürgen Wouters /  Eva Krab: 15-7 / 15-4
  Svetoslav Stoyanov /  Victoria Wright –  Toni Gerasch /  Nicole Schnurrer: 15-7 / 15-3
  Nikolay Zuev /  Marina Yakusheva –  Robert Georg /  Ina Beck: 15-5 / 15-1
  Franklin Wahab /  Thérèse Nawrath –  Marko Kroflic /  Maja Tvrdy: 15-12 / 15-8
  Donal O'Halloran /  Bing Huang –  Timo Courage /  Sindy Krauspe: 15-6 / 15-12
  Rasmus Andersen /  Kamilla Rytter Juhl –  Dharma Gunawi /  Anika Sietz: w.o.
  Fredrik Bergström /  Johanna Persson –  Tijs Creemers /  Jane Crabtree: 15-11 / 15-13
  Joachim Tesche /  Birgit Overzier –  Evgeniy Dremin /  Irina Ruslyakova: 12-15 / 15-11 / 15-10
  Kristof Hopp /  Kathrin Piotrowski –  Rasmus Andersen /  Kamilla Rytter Juhl: 15-7 / 15-2
  Vladislav Druzchenko /  Elena Nozdran –  Markus Ebert /  Johanna Goliszewski: 15-4 / 15-9
  Tommy Sørensen /  Lena Frier Kristiansen –  Thomas Tesche /  Carina Mette: 15-10 / 13-15 / 15-3
  Svetoslav Stoyanov /  Victoria Wright –  Jochen Cassel /  Sandra Marinello: 15-3 / 15-9
  Nikolay Zuev /  Marina Yakusheva –  Franklin Wahab /  Thérèse Nawrath: 15-6 / 15-2
  Björn Siegemund /  Nicol Pitro –  Donal O'Halloran /  Bing Huang: 15-8 / 15-6
  Fredrik Bergström /  Johanna Persson –  Joachim Tesche /  Birgit Overzier: 15-9 / 15-10
  Vladislav Druzchenko /  Elena Nozdran –  Kristof Hopp /  Kathrin Piotrowski: 15-3 / 11-15 / 15-5
  Svetoslav Stoyanov /  Victoria Wright –  Tommy Sørensen /  Lena Frier Kristiansen: 15-4 / 15-10
  Nikolay Zuev /  Marina Yakusheva –  Björn Siegemund /  Nicol Pitro: 5-15 / 15-2 / 15-9
  Fredrik Bergström /  Johanna Persson –  Vladislav Druzchenko /  Elena Nozdran: 17-14 / 15-2
  Nikolay Zuev /  Marina Yakusheva –  Svetoslav Stoyanov /  Victoria Wright: 15-12 / 13-15 / 17-14
  Fredrik Bergström /  Johanna Persson –  Nikolay Zuev /  Marina Yakusheva: 13-15 / 15-10 / 15-13

Weblinks
 http://www.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/tournament.aspx?id=E88AFC81-D11A-4F4D-8BAA-E89A707FF0C0

2003
Bitburger

Badminton Open Saarbrücken 2003


La tête de pont du Kouban (), également connue sous le nom de  (), est une position militaire allemande établie dans la péninsule de Taman, en Russie, entre la mer d'Azov et la mer Noire. Existant de janvier à octobre 1943, la tête de pont s'est formée après l'expulsion des Allemands du Caucase. La position fortement fortifiée était destinée à servir de zone de rassemblement pour la Wehrmacht qui devait être utilisée pour renouveler les attaques contre les puits de pétrole du Caucase. La tête de pont a été abandonnée lorsque l'Armée rouge franchit la ligne Panther-Wotan, forçant une évacuation des forces allemandes à travers le détroit de Kertch vers la Crimée.

Notes et références

1943 en Union soviétique
Front de l'Est de la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Fortification de la Seconde Guerre mondiale

Tête de pont du Kouban


القطعاية البحرية (بحري بالعامية الجربية تعني شمالي) هي جزيرة صغيرة تقع جنوب غربي جزيرة جربة.

مراجع

قطعاية بحرية

القطعاية البحرية


9079 Gesner este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
9079 Gesner este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul La Silla de Eric Walter Elst. El prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,99 ua, o excentricitate de 0,07 și o înclinație de 10,4° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 9001-10000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Familia Eos

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1994
Centura de asteroizi

9079 Gesner


الإمبراطور سوشون  هو الإمبراطور الثاني والثلاثون في اليابان حسب قائمة أباطرة اليابان. امتدت فترة حكمه بين 587 حتى 592.

انظر أيضًا
 إمبراطور اليابان
 قائمة أباطرة اليابان

مصادر

أباطرة اليابان
سنة الولادة غير معروفة
وفيات 592
وفيات في شيكي
ملكيون في آسيا في القرن 6
ملكيون يابانيون في القرن 6
ملكيون قتلوا في القرن 6

الإمبراطور سوشون


Adventure Soft is a British video game developer and publisher established by Mike Woodroffe, initially as an importer and reseller of Adventure International games as Adventure International (UK), and later using the names Horror Soft, Adventuresoft UK and Headfirst Productions.
The firm operates out of Sutton Coldfield, and is best known for the Simon the Sorcerer series of games.

Adventure International UK
Woodroffe, who owned a music shop in Birmingham, entered the software industry by opening a computer department within the store, Calisto Computers, importing American software which was otherwise unavailable in the UK. The success of many of the titles from Adventure International led to Woodroffe licensing the name from Scott Adams to form Adventure International (UK). The company employed Brian Howarth, the author of the Mysterious Adventures series of text adventures, to convert Adams' titles to run on microcomputers found in the United Kingdom market which were not currently supported.

By 1985, the release of games by Adventure International had slowed and the company began to write other games using the same system. The first and most successful of these was Gremlins – The Adventure (1985), written by Howarth and based on the film Gremlins. Adventure International UK also secured the rights to Howarth's Mysterious Adventures series from Channel 8 Software who had been taken over by Argus Press Software. Several of these games were licensed for release by Tynesoft, who also published Howarth and Woodroofe's Supergran: The Adventure, their first title to be published by a third party.

Further deals were signed, including a game based on the television series Robin of Sherwood, and the licence to produce games based on the Fighting Fantasy gamebooks by Steve Jackson and Ian Livingstone. The first Fighting Fantasy title released was Seas of Blood by Woodroffe and Howarth with Appointment with F.E.A.R. reported as the next conversion.

Adventuresoft UK

By 1986 Adventure International in the U.S. was bankrupt, leaving the UK company unable to continue trading under that name. A new company was formed, Adventuresoft UK, whose first title was their second Fighting Fantasy conversion, Rebel Planet, written by Stefan Ufnowski and published by U.S. Gold. U.S. Gold published further Adventuresoft titles over the next few years, including Ufnowski's Kayleth (based on story in Asimov's Science Fiction magazine, Temple of Terror by Woodroffe and Masters of the Universe: The Super Adventure. In 1988, Adventuresoft also worked with U.S. Gold to produce Heroes of the Lance based on the first Dragonlance campaign module for the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game. Adventuresoft also created Blizzard Pass, the first game  by Alan Cox  which was bundled with the ZX Spectrum +2 by some retailers. Cox later developed parts of the game into AberMUD.

Horror Soft
With the rise of more powerful systems like the Amiga and a growing disinterest in text-focused games, Woodroffe created Horror Soft to actively exploit the graphical and multimedia angle of the games.

Their first 16-bit game, Personal Nightmare, features music, animation and some mouse control coupled with a traditional text-based game system. It was followed by two games based around Elvira, Mistress of the Dark: Elvira: Mistress of the Dark and Elvira II: The Jaws of Cerberus, and Waxworks, all of which moved away from keyboard command input to mouse-driven gaming with animation and music from Jezz Woodroffe (a session musician with Robert Plant, Black Sabbath and other bands).

Adventure Soft Publishing
Adventuresoft was remodelled as Adventure Soft Publishing in 1992, although the company wasn't incorporated until 1998
and the company continued to be referred to as Adventuresoft in the gaming press. The company continuing the trend towards more graphical gaming with the release of Simon the Sorcerer, their most successful game. The game uses a new engine, the "Adventure Graphic Operating System", written by Alan Cox and based on AberMUD. It also includes voice acting from Roger Blake and Chris Barrie as Simon who played Arnold Rimmer in Red Dwarf. Barrie was replaced by Brian Bowles for the sequel when his fees became unaffordable. In 1997 Adventure Soft released The Feeble Files, with the lead character being voiced by Robert Llewellyn who played Kryten also in Red Dwarf.

Headfirst Productions
In 1998 Mike and Simon Woodroffe set up Headfirst Productions to allow them to develop non-adventure style games. The company released Simon the Sorcerer 3D in 2002 and Call of Cthulhu: Dark Corners of the Earth in 2005. The intellectual property rights to Simon the Sorcerer remained with Adventure Soft, so were unaffected when Headfirst first went into administration the following year.

Games

References

External links

Companies based in the West Midlands (county)
Sutton Coldfield
Video game companies established in 1992
Defunct video game companies of the United Kingdom
Video game development companies

Adventure Soft


Himmerland es una península en el noreste de Jutlandia, Dinamarca. Está delimitado al norte y al oeste con el Limfjord, al este por el Kattegat, y al sur por el fiordo de Mariager.

La ciudad más grande es Aalborg, los pueblos más pequeños incluyen Hobro, Aars, Løgstør, Støvring y Nibe. En el noreste de Himmerland está Lille Vildmose, el mayor pantano de Dinamarca, que tiene una rica población de aves silvestres.

En general se supone que el nombre se deriva de la tribu de los Cimbros, ya que, en la "Geografía" de Tolomeo (siglo segundo. AD), el Kimbroi se encuentran en la parte más septentrional de la península de Jutlandia, llamado Kimbrikē Chersonesos

Referencias

Himmer
Geografía de la región de Jutlandia Septentrional

Himmerland


Metsküla ist ein Dorf (estnisch küla) in der Landgemeinde Alutaguse (bis 2017 Mäetaguse). Es liegt im Kreis Ida-Viru (Ost-Wierland) im Nordosten Estlands.

Das Dorf hat dreizehn Einwohner (Stand 31. Dezember 2011).

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Estland
Alutaguse

Metsküla (Alutaguse)


El Ánima Palenquera es una película colombiana de tipo documental del año 1994.

Sinopsis

El ánima palenquera nos cuenta los ritos y creencias de la población de San Basilio de Palenque, su sincretismo religioso de elementos africanos y cristianos, en el que la muerte y el baile son ejes fundamentales de la cultura de los palenqueros.

Referencias

El ánima palenquera


Nolina micrantha es una especie de planta con rizoma perteneciente a la familia de las asparagáceas. Es originaria de  Norteamérica.

Descripción
Es una planta casi sin tallo, cespitosa, que forma rosetas verticales, con caudices subterráneos, ramificados. Las hojas duras, enjutas, cóncavo-convexas, de 80-130 cm de longitud por 4-6 mm de ancho, no glaucas, con los márgenes serrados por completo o de forma remota, con los dientes muy distantes entre sí. El escapo de 0.5-2 dm. Las inflorescencias paniculadas, por lo general teñida de violeta visible, de 3.5-7.5 dm × 10-20 cm, que se encuentra parcialmente dentro de las rosetas. El fruto en cápsulas de paredes firmes, infladas, con semillas  redondeadas, de  3-4 mm de diámetro.

Distribución y hábitat
Tiene una floración tardía  a principios del verano. Se encuentra en las laderas rocosas de piedra caliza o suelos arenosos, en los pastizales; a una altitud de 1100 - 1400 metros en Nuevo México y Texas.

Nolina micrantha es similar a Nolina texana, excepto en el pigmento púrpura a lo largo de sus inflorescencias, fechas de floración más tardías, y el hábito menos robusto.

Taxonomía
Nolina micrantha fue descrita por Ivan Murray Johnston y publicado en Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 24(1): 91, en el año 1943.

Etimología
Nolina: nombre genérico otorgado en honor del botánico francés  Abbé P. C. Nolin, coautor del trabajo publicado 1755 Essai sur l'agricultura moderne.

micrantha: epíteto latíno que significa "con la flor pequeña".

Referencias

Enlaces externos

micrantha
Flora de México
Flora de Estados Unidos
Plantas descritas en 1943
Plantas descritas por I.M.Johnst.

Nolina micrantha


Svijet

Zgrade i druge građevine

Događaji

Osnivanja

Nagrade i priznanja

Rođenja

Smrti

 6. kolovoza  Gordon Bunshaft, američki arhitekt (* )

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Zgrade i druge građevine

Događaji

Osnivanja

Nagrade i priznanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Arhitektura u 1990.


أسطورة النافاراي هي الرواية رقم 16 من سلسلة ما وراء الطبيعة التي تصدرها المؤسسة العربية الحديثة ضمن روايات مصرية للجيب للكاتب أحمد خالد توفيق تعد السلسلة أول سلسلة روايات عربية في أدب الرعب.

أحداث الرواية

أستكمالا لأحداث حدثت في أسطورة سابقة، يشتبك هن-تشو-كان مع جينغ-تشا في قتال مرير ويحاصر رجال جينغ-تشا البناية، وينتصر هن-تشو-كان في البداية فيلجأ رجال جينغ-تشا إلى جيران رفعت إسماعيل، حيث يقومون بأخذهم رهائن في مقابل أن يسلم لهم هن-تشو-كان كتاب النافاراي المقدس: الشوكارا، ولكن ينجح هن-تشو-كان في خداعهم ويتظاهر بتسليم الكتاب لهم، ولكن ينقض عليهم ويهزمهم جميعا بما فيهم جينغ-تشا.

و لكن جينغ-تشا قبل أن يهوى يقوم بأطلاق كرة تحتوى على مادة غريبة على هن-تشو-كان، فيهوى فيحاول رفعت أنقاذه ويجد رفعت أن جثث هولاء القوم قد أختفت حيث عادت إلى زمانها، فينقل رفعت هن-تشو-كان إلى المستشفى، ويجد رفعت أن الكتاب قد أختفى حيث أحتضنه جينغ-تشا قبل عودته إلى زمانه.

يستيقظ هن-تشو-كان ليجد نفسه في عالم غريب يدعى زانادو - عالم الأحلام - ويجد نفسه في مواجهة قوة شريرة تدعى الخان، وفي عالم الواقع يسقط هن-تشو-كان في غيبوبة ويحاول رفعت أنقاذه، ويعرف رفعت عن طريق التخاطر الروحى أن هن-تشو-كان قد سقط ضحية لعنة تعرف باسم السيرجانتا، وهي لعنة ترسل من يقع ضحيتها إلى أرض المنفى حيث لا يموت ولا يعيش.

و في عالم زانادو يجد هن-تشو-كان جينغ-تشا قد قدم إلى هذا العالم لتدميره، وأن جينغ-تشا معه كتاب النافاراي المقدس: الشوكارا، ويخبره جينغ-تشا أن من ينتصر سوف يأخذ كتاب النافاراي المقدس: الشوكارا، وتوجد فيه طريقة للعودة إلى أرض الواقع، ويشتبك الأثنان في قتال مرير إلى أن ينجح هن-تشو-كان في الانتصار عليه ويعود إلى أرض الواقع، ليفرح بعودته رفعت بعد أن انتصر على جينغ-تشا، ويتعايش هن-تشو-كان مع واقعه الجديد ويلتحق بالعمل في السفارة الصينية بالقاهرة.

اقتباسات مميزة

</center>

أبطال الرواية
 رفعت إسماعيل : طبيب أمراض الدم والأستاذ الجامعي الكهل المقيم بالقاهرة، نحيل، أصلع، ذو عوينات، يعاني من كتيبة من الأمراض منها على سبيل المثال لا الحصر : القرحة المعدية، ضيق الشرايين، الربو الشعبي، التهاب الرئة، آلام المفاصل، قلق، متشائم، نحس يقع في المصائب.
 هن-تشو-كان : آخر كهنة النافاراي الناجي من المذبحة التي تعرض لها كهنة النافاراي، والمرتحل إلى القرن العشرين عن طريق كتاب النافاراي المقدس : الشوكارا.

انظر أيضا
 أسطورة الكاهن الأخير

آراء ونقاش حول الرواية
 آراء القراء حول أسطورة النافاري على موقع أبجد
 لمعرفة المزيد من التفاصيل والآراء حول الموضوع راجع منتدى شبكة روايات التفاعلية

سلسلة ما وراء الطبيعة
روايات بالعربية

أسطورة النافاراي


VBScript, Microsoft'un geliştirdiği, istemci ve sunucu tarafında çalıştırılabilen güçlü bir dildir. Bu script daha ziyade ASP sayfalarında kullanılır.

deneme

Örnek Kodlar
Aşağıdaki kodu bir text editörü yardımı ile bilgisayarınıza ".vbs" formatlı olarak kaydedip çalıştırdığınızda ekrana mesaj kutusu içinde "Merhaba Dünya!" yazısı çıkacaktır.
msgbox("Merhaba Dünya!")

Fonksiyonları

LCase
Büyük harfleri, küçük olarak değiştirir. Syntax'ı; LCase(string)
Dim Baslik 'Bu Baslik Degiskenini Onceden Tanimlamamizi saglar
Baslik = "Özgür Ansiklopedi"
LCaseBaslik = LCase(Baslik) ' sonuç "özgür ansiklopedi".

Dış bağlantılar
 VBScript Dersleri

İstemci taraflı programlama dilleri
Sunucu taraflı programlama dilleri
Windows bileşenleri

VBScript


Ustaoset Station (Ustaoset stasjon) er en jernbanestation på Bergensbanen, der ligger i området Ustaoset i Hol kommune i Norge. Stationen består af nogle få spor, en perron og en stationsbygning i rødmalet træ.

Stationen blev oprettet som trinbræt 15. juni 1909 og opgraderet til station 1. maj 1913. Den blev fjernstyret 29. juli 1983 og gjort ubemandet 4. januar 1997. Til at begynde med var der ikke nogen stationsbygning men en barak, der blev flyttet fra venstre til højre side af sporet i 1923. Den nuværende stationsbygning blev opført efter tegninger af NSB Arkitektkontor i 1926.

Stationen blev oprettet, fordi der var opstået en hytteby i området. I dag er der ca. 900 hytter, hotel og fjellstuer. Desuden har skiløbet Skarverennet mål her.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

Stationer på Bergensbanen
Etableret i 1912
Jernbanestationer i Viken

Ustaoset Station


Karin Rabe (* 17. Februar 1954) ist eine ehemalige schwedische Orientierungsläuferin.

Rabe startete bei sieben Weltmeisterschaften zwischen 1978 und 1989 und gewann dabei insgesamt vier Gold-, drei Silber- und zwei Bronzemedaillen. Zudem gelang es ihr, in ihrer Karriere bei allen Läufen bei Weltmeisterschaften und Nordischen Meisterschaften stets unter die ersten zehn zu kommen. Ihre größten Einzelerfolge waren die Weltmeisterschaftsmedaillen Bronze 1981 in Thun und Silber 1987 im französischen Gérardmer, als sie nur ihrer Landsfrau Arja Hannus den Vortritt lassen musste. Bei Nordischen Meisterschaften gewann sie 1980 und 1982 die Bronzemedaille im Einzel.

Ihre vier Goldmedaillen bei Weltmeisterschaften fuhr sie mit den erfolgreichen schwedischen Frauenstaffeln der 1980er Jahre ein. 1981 gewannen Arja Hannus, Barbro Lönnkvist, Karin Rabe und Annichen Kringstad mit fast einer Viertelstunde Vorsprung auf Finnland die Goldmedaille. 1983 gewann sie in der Staffel mit Marita Skogum, Kerstin Månsson und Annichen Kringstad als Startläuferin die Goldmedaille. Der Vorsprung diesmal auf die zweitplatzierten Tschechoslowakinnen betrug rund sieben Minuten. 1985 gewann das Quartett Karin Rabe, Christina Blomqvist, Kerstin Månsson und Annichen Kringstad nur noch mit einem Vorsprung von zehn Sekunden auf die Norwegerinnen und 1987 mussten die Schwedinnen sich dem norwegischen Team geschlagen geben. Rabe gewann ihre vierte Goldmedaille 1989 bei der Heim-Weltmeisterschaft in Schweden zusammen mit Arja Hannus, Kerstin Haglund und Marita Skogum.

Rabe siegte bei den schwedischen Meisterschaften 1976, 1977 und 1982 auf der Langdistanz, 1979 und 1981 auf der Ultralangdistanz sowie 1979, 1984, 1986 und 1987 im Nacht-OL. Die Staffelmeisterschaft Schwedens gewann sie 1974 und 1976 mit Fjärås AIK und 1978 und 1979 mit IK Jarl.

Platzierungen

Weblinks
 World Orienteering Championships International Orienteering Federation

Orientierungsläufer (Schweden)
Weltmeister (Orientierungslauf)
Schwedischer Meister (Orientierungslauf)
Geboren 1954
Schwede
Frau

Karin Rabe


Black Entertainment Television (BET) es un canal de televisión por suscripción estadounidense, parte de BET Networks, perteneciente a Paramount Global, mediante su filial Paramount Media Networks. Anteriormente, poseía su sede central en Washington D. C.. Es el canal de televisión más prominente orientado al público joven de raza negra en Estados Unidos y es el proveedor líder de contenidos culturales y de entretenimiento para afroamericanos. El canal fue creado el 25 de enero de 1980 por Robert L. Johnson. La mayoría de la programación del canal comprende videos musicales de rap y R&B, además de películas y series de orientación urbana.

En febrero de 2015, aproximadamente 88 255 000 hogares en Estados Unidos (75,8% de los hogares con televisión) recibían el canal. BET ha sido el objeto de críticas y protestas por emitir videos y programas acusados de promover la inmoralidad y los estereotipos.<ref name="Take On">{{cita web|apellido=Eggerton|nombre=John|título=PTC, Enough Is Enough Campaign Take on MTV,' BET|url=http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/CA6549701.html|obra=Broadcasting & Cable|fecha=9 de abril de 2008|urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103195649/http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/CA6549701.html|fechaarchivo=3 de enero de 2009}}</ref>

 Historia
Después de renunciar su trabajo como un cabildero para la industria de cable, Robert L. Johnson, un nativo de Freeport, Illinois, decidió lanzar su propio canal de televisión por cable. Johnson pronto adquiriría un préstamo para $15,000, y obtuvo una inversión por $500,000 de John Malone para empezar el canal. BET comenzó sus emisiones el 25 de enero de 1980, como un bloque de programación en Madison Square Garden Sports Network (posteriormente USA Network). Desde el 1 de julio de 1983, es un canal independiente. La alineación del canal originalmente constaba de videos musicales y reposiciones de comedias para los negros.

Sus transmisiones comenzaron con una gran variedad de programación, incluyendo comedias, musicales, asuntos públicos, y noticieros; ejemplos incluyeron ComicView, Video Soul with Donnie Simpson, Video Vibrations, Softones, Unreal/Planet Groove/Caribbean Rhythms, Jam Zone/Cita's World; Teen Summit; y BET News with Ed Gordon, Lead Story, BET Tonight with Tavis Smiley, y BET Nightly News. En 2000, BET comenzó a ser fuertemente enfocado en la música y cortó completamente su división de noticias.

Su programa de música urbana 106 & Park debutó entonces. Grabado ante una audiencia en vivo, los presentadores hacían una cuenta regresiva de los mejores videos pedidos por los espectadores, invitando a artistas de rap y R&B para promover su música. Además, el canal muestra series de televisión sindicadas, programas originales, y unos programas de asuntos públicos. Los domingos por la mañana, BET emite una alineación de programas cristianos de producción propia, así como música góspel; otros programas cristianos sin afiliación al canal se emitieron diariamente durante las horas tempranas de la mañana.

BET estrenó un programa de noticias, BET News, en 1988, con Ed Gordon como el presentador. Gordon posteriormente presentaría otros programas y especiales en BET, como Black Men Speak Out: The Aftermath, relacionado con los disturbios de Los Ángeles de 1992, así como un programa recurrente de entrevistas, Conversations with Ed Gordon. En 1996, el talk show BET Tonight debutó con Tavis Smiley como su presentador; en 2001, Ed Gordon reemplazó a Tavis Smiley. En 2002, como parte de una reorganización centrándose en producciones de entretenimiento, BET cortó su personal de noticias y canceló BET Tonight, junto con los otros programas de asuntos públicos con presentación de Gordon, Lead Story y Teen Summit. Desde 2001 hasta el 29 de julio de 2005, BET tuvo un programa nocturna de noticias llamado BET Nightly News, presentado por Michelle Miller y Jacque Reid.

En 1991, el canal se convirtió en la primera compañía controlada por negros en ser introducido a la Bolsa de Nueva York. En 2003 fue adquirido por el conglomerado de comunicación Viacom por $3,000,000,000. En 2005, Johnson se retiró del canal, entregando sus títulos como presidente y director ejecutivo a Debra L. Lee, anteriormente la vicepresidenta.

Tras la muerte de la líder de derechos civiles Coretta Scott King en 2006, BET emitió su programación regularmente fijada de videos musicales en lugar de cubrir el funeral de King en vivo como otros canales incluyendo CNN, Fox News Channel, MSNBC, etc. El sitio web de BET transmitió el funeral en vivo, pero BET transmitió informes grabados de 60 segundos periódicamente desde el funeral, con el reportaje del correspondiente sénior de noticias Andre Showell. Michael Lewellen, el vicepresidente sénior para comunicaciones corporativas, defendió la decisión: "Pesamos una serie de opciones diferentes. Al final, optó ofrecer un tipo diferente de experiencia para los espectadores de BET." Lewellen también dijo que BET recibió alrededor de dos docenas de llamadas telefónicas y un puñado de mensajes de correo electrónico por su falta de demostrar el funeral de King en vivo. En la tarde del día del funeral de King (el 7 de febrero de 2006), BET emitió un tributo especial, Coretta Scott King: Married to the Mission, y lo repitió el siguiente domingo, el 12 de febrero. Showell presentó un programa que contó con los aspectos más destacados del funeral, Coretta Scott King: Celebrating Her Spirit, emitido el mismo día. En su convención en 2007, la National Association of Black Journalists otorgó a BET su "Thumbs Down Award" por su falta de transmitir el funeral de King en vivo.

En 2007, el canal expandió en otros canales de cable digital relacionados consigo mismo: Centric, BET Hip-Hop, y BET Gospel. BET también lanzó un lote de programación original, incluyendo los programas de telerrealidad Baldwin Hills y Hell Date, el programa de competición Sunday Best, y el programa de discusión Hip Hop vs. America. El presidente de entretenimiento de BET, Reginald Hudlin, renunció su posición el 11 de septiembre de 2008, y fue reemplazado por Stephen Hill, quien es también el vicepresidente ejecutivo de programación y talento músico.The New York Times informó que el reverendo Delman L. Coates y su organización Enough is Enough condujeron protestas cada fin de semana fuera de las residencias de los ejecutivos de BET contra lo que afirman son estereotipos negativos de los negros perpetuados por los videos musicales de BET. Enough is Enough apoyó un informe de abril de 2008 titulado The Rap on Rap, por el Parents Television Council, que reclamó que la programación de rap de BET, que se creía contener contenido gratuitamente sexual, violento, y profano, estaba apuntando a niños y adolescentes.

BET anunció en marzo de 2010 que Gordon regresaría al canal para presentar "un variedad de programas informativos y especiales."

En marzo de 2017, el presidente de programación Stephen Hill y el vicepresidente ejecutivo de programación original, Zola Mashariki, dimitieron. Connie Orlando, vicepresidenta senior de Especiales, Programación Musical y Noticias fue nombrada presidenta interina de programación.

En julio de 2017, Viacom firmó nuevos acuerdos de desarrollo de cine y televisión con Tyler Perry luego de la expiración de su pacto existente con Discovery Inc. en 2019. Como parte de este acuerdo, Perry produciría The Oval y Sistas para BET y sería copropietario con la cadena del servicio de transmisión por streaming recientemente lanzado, BET+.

 Críticas
El rapero Chuck D de Public Enemy, el periodista George E. Curry, el escritor Keith Boykin, el cineasta Spike Lee, el profesor Boyce Watkins de la Universidad de Siracusa, y el dibujante Aaron McGruder han hecho sus propias protestas sobre la programación y las acciones de BET. Como un resultado, BET fuertemente censura contenido sugestivo de los videos que emite, frecuentemente con versos y escenas de ciertos videos de rap eliminados enteramente. Además, académicos dentro de la comunidad de afro-americanos sostienen que BET perpetúa y justifica el racismo afectando las creencias interpersonales que otras personas pueden generalizar sobre los afro-americanos, así como la psique de sus espectadores jóvenes.

 Canales hermanos
BET ha lanzado varias cadenas derivadas a lo largo de los años, incluidas BET Her (anteriormente BET on Jazz, BET Jazz, BETJ y Centric), BET Jams (anteriormente MTV Jams) y BET Soul (anteriormente VH1 Soul).

Un spin-off, del canal BETJ (originalmente llamado BET On Jazz, y más tarde BET Jazz), se emitió desde 1996 hasta el otoño de 2009. Sus programas incluyeron My Two Cents con Keith Boykin, Bryonn Bain, Crystal McCreary Anthony y Staceyann Chin, The Best Shorts presentado por Abiola Abrams, Living the Life of Marley sobre Ky-Mani Marley, My Model is Better Than Your Model con Eva Pigford, y The Turn On con presentación de Charlotte Burley. El 28 de septiembre de 2009, BETJ fue renombrado Centric. Cuenta con música, películas, reality shows, y programas especiales para adultos. Se confirma que muestra repeticiones de Soul Train'' y el 29 de noviembre, "The Soul Train Awards" hicieron una vuelta.

El canal también opera dos canales de música digital, BET Gospel y BET Hip-Hop, ambos con programaciones que se describen en sus nombres.

Posee también una señal en Francia, BET Francia que inició transmisiones en 2015, y poseía una señal internacional, , que emitía en el Reino Unido, Irlanda,  África y Corea del Sur. Inició sus transmisiones en 2008 y cerró en 2021.

Otros servicios

 BET Films, productora.
 BET Awards, premios.
 BET Interactive, medios digitales.
 BET Home Entertainment, distribuidora (con un acuerdo de distribución con Paramount Home Entertainment)

Véase también

BET Gospel
BET Awards
BET Her
The BET Honors
Rip the Runway
BET One

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial de BET (en inglés)
 Sitio web oficial para los programas de BET (en inglés)

Canales y estaciones de televisión fundados en 1980
Canales de televisión de Estados Unidos
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Empresas de Washington D. C.
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Black Entertainment Television


Leroy Randle "Roy" Grumman (4. siječnja 1895. – 4. listopada 1982.) bio je američki inženjer aeronautike, probni pilot i industrijalac. Godina 1929. bio je suosnivač tvrtke "Grumman Aeronautical Engineering Co.", koje je kasnije preimenovana u "Grumman Aerospace Corporation", a danas je dio korporacije Northrop Grumman.

Grumman je postao inženjer mehanike na sveučilištu Cornell 1916. Nakon ulaska SAD u prvi svjetski rat u lipnju 2017. pristupio je rezervama američke ratne mornarice te je dodijeljen na sveučilište Columbia na proučavanje motora brodova.

Grumman se prijavio za školu letenja, ali nije prošao liječnički pregled. Međutim zbog administrativne pogreške koju je on prešutio pozvan je na trening za pilote. Uspješno je završio primarnu školu letenja u Zračnoj bazi u Miamiju, a nakon toga i napredni letački trening u bazi Pensacola na Floridi u rujnu 1918.

Nakon odrađene jedne vojne ture, mornarica ga je uputila na "Massachusetts Institute of Technology" (MIT) kako bi učio novu disciplinu aeronautiku. Nakon naobrazbe promoviran je u poručnika te upućen u mornaričku bazu u Philadelphiji kao probni pilot.

Godine 1919. postavljen je u tvrtku "Loening Aeronautical Engineering Corporation" u New Yorku kao supervizor proizvodnje naručenih zrakoplova za mornaricu (52 modela Loening M-8). Tijekom boravka vlasnik tvrtke mu je ponudio posao te je Gurmman 1920. napustio vojnu službu.

U novoj tvrtki brzo je napredovao te je bio glavni upravitelj zadužen za dizajn zrakoplova. To radno mjesto zadržao je sve do 1929. kada je tvrtka prodana tvrtki "Keystone Aircraft" uoči početka "Velike depresije".

Kako nije bio sklon selidbi, Gurmman se pridružio svojim suradnicima Jakeu Swirbulu i Williamu Schwendleru te su osnovali vlastitu tvrtku, "Grumman Aeronautical Engineering Co". Koosnivačima su se brzo pridružili Ed Poor (poslovni menađer Grovera Loeninga), i E. Clinton Towl. Ova petorica ljudi bili su uži krug upravljanja tvrtkom sljedećih 50 godina. Tvrtka je nazvana po najvećem dioničaru i prvom predsjedniku.

Američki poduzetnici
Američki zrakoplovci

Leroy Grumman


La Carretera de Nebraska 110, y abreviada NE 110 (en inglés: Nebraska Highway 110) es una carretera estatal estadounidense ubicada en el estado de Nebraska. La carretera inicia en el Sur desde la  oeste de Dakota City hacia el Norte en la  oeste de South Sioux City. La carretera tiene una longitud de 3,6 km (2.26 mi).

Mantenimiento
Al igual que las autopistas interestatales, y las rutas federales y el resto de carreteras estatales, la Carretera de Nebraska 110 es administrada y mantenida por el Departamento de Carreteras de Nebraska por sus siglas en inglés NDOR.

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Página oficial de NDOR

 Lista de Autopistas por estado
 Lista de sitios web de carreteras para cada estado

Carreteras estatales de Nebraska

Carretera de Nebraska 110


Courcelles () is a station on Paris Métro Line 2, under the Boulevard de Courcelles on the border of the 8th and 17th arrondissement of Paris.

Location
The station is located under Boulevard de Courcelles, east of the intersection with the eponymous street. Approximately oriented along an east–west axis, it intersects between Ternes and Monceau stations.

History
The station was opened on 7 October 1902 as part of the extension of Line 2 Nord from Étoile to Anvers which became line 2 on 17 October 1907. The Boulevard was named after the Barrière de Courcelles, a gate built for the collection of taxation as part of the Wall of the Farmers-General; the gate was built between 1784 and 1788 and demolished in 1859. The gate was named after a small village in the area that was absorbed into Paris in 1860.

From the 1950s until 2007, the walls were covered with metal bodywork with blue horizontal uprights and illuminated golden advertising frames. This arrangement was then supplemented with shell white seats characteristic of the Motte style.

As part of the RATP's Renouveau du métro program, the station's corridors were renovated on 22 November 2002 and then the platforms in 2008 which led to the removal of their metal bodywork.

In 2019, 2,557,929 travelers entered this station which placed it at 205th position of the metro stations for its usage of 303 metro stations.

Passenger services

Access
The station has two entrances opening on either side of Boulevard de Courcelles, each consisting of a fixed staircase embellished with a mast with a yellow M inscribed in a circle:
 entrance 1 - Boulevard de Courcelles - Parc Monceau leading to the right of boulevard at no. 53;
 entrance 2 - Rue de Chazelles located opposite no. 1 of this street, at the corner with the boulevard.

Station layout

Platforms
Courcelles is a standard configuration station. It has two platforms separated by the metro tracks and the vault is elliptical. The decoration is of the style used for most metro stations. The lighting canopies are white and rounded in the Gaudin style of the renouveau du métro des années 2000 renovation, and the bevelled white ceramic tiles cover the walls, the vault, the tunnel exits and the outlets of the corridors. The advertising frames are in white ceramic and the name of the station is written in the Parisine font on enameled plates. The Akiko style seats are orange.

Bus services
The station is served by lines 30 and 84 of the RATP Bus Network.

Nearby
 Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Paris, seat of the archdiocese of Russian Orthodox churches in Western Europe.
 L'église Suédoise de Paris, of the Lutheran faith.

Trivia
Fulgence Bienvenüe, father of the Métro, lived near this station.

References

Roland, Gérard (2003). Stations de métro. D'Abbesses à Wagram. Éditions Bonneton.

Paris Métro stations in the 8th arrondissement of Paris
Paris Métro stations in the 17th arrondissement of Paris
Railway stations in France opened in 1902

Courcelles station


National Hockey League 2017-18 var den 101. sæson (og den 100. sæson med spil) af ishockeyligaen National Hockey League. Siden den foregående sæson var ligaen blevet udvidet fra 30 til 31 hold, idet Vegas Golden Knights var blevet tilføjet som nyt hold. Turneringen blev indledt med et grundspil, hvor hvert hold spillede 82 kampe, hvorefter 16 hold gik videre til slutspillet om Stanley Cup.

Slutspillet om Stanley Cup blev vundet af Washington Capitals, som i Stanley Cup-finalen besejrede Vegas Golden Knights med 4-1 i kampe.

Hold

Holdene var inddelt i to konferencer med 16 hold i øst-konferencen og 15 hold i vest-konferencen. Hver konference var yderligere inddelt i to divisioner med syv eller otte hold i hver division.

Danske spillere

Grundspil

Format
Alle hold spillede 82 grundspilskampe (41 hjemme- og 41 udekampe). Alle holdene spillede to kampe (en hjemme- og en udekamp) mod hver af holdene i den modsatte konference, hvilket gav 32 kampe for holdene i vest-konferencen og 30 kampe for holdene i øst-konferencen. I øst-konferencen spillede holdene derudover:
 Fire kampe (to hjemme- og to udekampe) mod hvert af de øvrige syv hold i holdets egen division (28 kampe i alt).
 Tre kampe mod hvert af de otte hold i den anden division i samme konference (24 kampe i alt).
I vest-konferencen spillede holdene:
 Fire eller fem kampe mod hvert af de øvrige seks eller syv andre hold i holdets egen division (26 eller 29 kampe i alt).
 Tre eller fire kampe mod hvert af de syv eller otte hold i den anden division i samme konference (21 eller 24 kampe i alt).
Alle hold havde en kamppause på fem dage i løbet af januar måned.

De tre bedste hold i hver division gik videre til slutspillet om Stanley Cup. Derudover gik de to bedste hold i hver konference, der var placeret uden for top 3 i deres respektive division, videre til slutspillet på et wildcard.

Kampe i udlandet

De to grundspilskampe mellem Colorado Avalanche og Ottawa Senators blev den 10. og 11. november 2017 afviklet i Globen i Stockholm under navnet SAP NHL Global Series.

Udendørskampe

Tre af grundspilskampene blev spillet udendørs:
 NHL 100 Classic blev spillet den 16. december 2017 på TD Place Stadium i Lansdowne Park, Ottawa, hvor Ottawa Senators besejrede Montreal Canadiens med 3-0.
 NHL Winter Classic blev afviklet den 1. januar 2018 på Citi Field i Flushing, New York City, hvor New York Rangers vandt over Buffalo Sabres med 3-2 OT.
 En Stadium Series-kamp blev spillet den 3. marts 2018 på Navy-Marine Corps Memorial Stadium i Annapolis, Maryland, hvor Washington Capitals slog Toronto Maple Leafs med 5-2.

All-star-kamp

Den 63. NHL all star-kamp blev afholdt i Amalie Arena i Tampa, Florida den 28. januar 2018, hvor Pacific All-Stars i finalen besejrede Atlantic All-Stars med 5-2.

Udsat kamp

Kampen mellem Boston Bruins og Florida Panthers, der var planlagt afviklet den 4. januar 2018 i Boston blev udskudt på grund af en snestorm. Kampen blev genprogramsat den 8. april 2018, dagen efter at grundspillet oprindeligt skulle have været afsluttet.

Østkonferencen

Metropolitan Division

Atlantic Division

Vestkonferencen

Central Division

Pacific Division

Slutspil

Hold og seedninger

Første runde

Østkonferencen

Vestkonferencen

Anden runde

Østkonferencen

Vestkonferencen

Konferencefinaler

Østkonferencen

Vestkonferencen

Stanley Cup-finale

Kilder / eksterne henvisninger
National Hockey League

Noter

NHL-sæsoner
Ishockey i 2017
Ishockey i 2018

National Hockey League 2017-18


Diversiunea militarǎ rusǎ, cunoscutǎ și sub numele de maskirovka (în , în traducere liberă: deghizare/ camuflaj/ wikt:diversiune). Doctrina acoperă o paletă largă de măsuri în domeniul militar, politic sau informațional. Se folosesc metode de camuflare a acțiunilor/intențiilor, negare a acțiunilor/intențiilor și dezinformare, măsuri ce sunt executate pe timp de război cât și pe timp de pace.

Doctrina în teorie
Această practică militară (Eng: military deception) este folosită din cele mai vechi timpuri, un exemplu fiind Calul Troian (sec. al XII-lea î.Hr.), primul document unde este descrisǎ o astfel de strategie este în Arta războiului de Sun Tzu (sec. al V-lea î.Hr.). Ca și concept militar poate fi aplicat la nivel strategic, operațional și tactic.  Armata Imperială Rusă avea o scoală militară pentru pregătirea în arta diversiunii din 1904.

Directiva sovietică din 1924 pentru comandamentele superioare ale armatei afirmă că, camuflarea/diversiunea operațională trebuie să fie "bazată pe  naturalețe, diversitate și continuitate incluzând secretul, imitația, acțiunile demonstrative și dezinformarea"

Enciclopedia militară sovietică (1944) definește "maskirovka" ca mijloc de asigurare a operațiunilor de luptă și activităților zilnice, înșelând inamicul cu privire la prezența și dispunerea forțelor, a obiectivelor, a pregătirii și planurilor de luptă,  contribuind la obținerea surprizei, pregătirii de luptă și indeplinirii obiectivelor.

"Maskirovka" a evoluat în practica și doctrina militară pentru a include obiective strategice, politice și diplomatice, operând la "toate nivelele", nu numai la cel, strict, militar. Un exemplu este Anexarea Crimeei de Federația Rusă, unde soldați fară insignie militară și cu cagule pe față ("little green men"), Spețnaz și agenți GRU, au acționat în teatrul de război, convoaiele "umanitare" (ex. Cargo 200) transportau provizii iar la întoarcere "colecta" morții. Oficialii Federaței Ruse au negat, inițial, existența acestora susținând că sunt forțe "patriotice locale", după îndeplinirea obiectivelor militare Moscova asumându-si rolul avut, nedeclarând război (oficial) și fară a raporta unitătile militare participante.

Doctrina în practică

Bătălia dela Kulikovo
 Bătălia dela Stalingrad
 Bătălia dela Kursk
 Operațiunea Bagration
 Criza rachetelor cubaneze
 Invazia Cehoslovaciei
 Războiul Ruso-Georgian
 Invazia Ucrainei (2014-prezent)

Note

Istoria militară a Uniunii Sovietice
Armata Rusă

Maskirovka


රොසලින්ඩ් එල්සි ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලීන් (1920 ජූලි 25 සිට  1958අප්‍රේල් 16)යනු  DNA වල අණුක ව්‍යුහය (ඩිඔක්සිරයිබෝනියුක්ලෙයික් අම්ලය), RNA (රයිබෝනියුක්ලෙයික් අම්ලය), වෛරස, ගල් අඟුරු, සහ ග්‍රැෆයිට් යනාදියෙහි අණුකව්‍යුහය සොයාගැනීමට සමත් වූ  ඉංග්‍රීසි ජාතික  රසායන විද්‍යාඥවරියක් සහ X-කිරණ ස්ඵටික ඡායාරූප ශිල්පිණියකි.ඇයගේ ජීවිත කාලය තුළ සිදුවූ සියලුම කටයුතු සිදුවූයේ ගල්අඟුරු සහ වෛරස පිළිබදව වූ අතර , DNA  පිළිබදව ගවේෂණය සම්බන්ධව වැඩි පිළිගැනීමක් ඇයට හිමිවූයේ ඇගේ මරණින් අනතුරුවය.

ප්‍රමුඛ බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය යුදෙව් පවුලක උපන් ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලීන් පෞද්ගලිකව බටහිර ලන්ඩනයේ නෝර්ලන්ඩ් ප්ලේස්හිද, තරුණ කාන්තාවන් සදහා වන සසෙක්ස්හිලින්ඩොරෙස් පාසලෙන් සහ ලන්ඩනයේ  ශාන්ත පෝල් බාලිකා විද්‍යාලයෙන් අධ්‍යාපනය ලැබීය. . පසුව ඇය කේම්බ්‍රිජ්හි නිව්න්හැම් විද්‍යාලයට ඇතුලත් වූ අතර එහිදී ඇය ස්වාභාවික විද්‍යාව පිළිබඳ ප්‍රමුඛ පෙළේ උපාධියක් හිමිකරගත්තාය. පර්යේෂණ ශිෂ්‍යයත්වයක් හිමිකර ගත් ඇය ඇය පිළිබදව අඩු අවධානයක් යොමුකළ රොනල්ඩු ජෝර්ජ් රෙයිෆෝර්ඩ් නොරිෂ් යටතේ කේම්බ්‍රිජ් විශ්ව විද්‍යාලයේ භෞතිකරසායන විද්‍යාව පිළිබද විද්‍යාගාරයට ඇතුළත් වූවාය.වාසනාවකට 1942  දී, බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය ගල් අඟුරු උපයෝගීතා හා පර්යේෂණ ආයතනය (BCURA) විසින් පර්යේෂණ කටයුතුවලට ඇයව හවුල්කරගත් අතර ,ඇය එහිදී ගල්අඟුරු පිළිබඳව රාජකාරී ඇරඹුවාය.මෙය ඇයට 1945 දී දර්ශන වේදී(Ph.D..) යාමට ඉවහල් විය. X-කිරණ ස්ඵටික ඡායාරූප ශිල්පය පිළිබඳව ඇය දැක්වූ විශිෂ්ටත්වය මත Chimiques de l'Etat,මධ්‍යම විද්‍යාගාර සේවා ආයතනයේ ජේක්ස් මෙරින්ග් යටතේ chercheur (පශ්චාත්-ආචාර්ය පරීක්ෂක) ලෙස 1947 දී පැරීසියට යාමටඅවස්ථාව හිමිවිය. 1951දී ඇයට ලන්ඩන් රාජකීය විද්‍යාලයේ පරීක්ෂණවලට සම්බන්ධ වීමට ඉඩ සැලසුනු අතර X-කිරණ විවර්තනය අධ්‍යයනයන් වලට දායක විය. ද්ව්ත්ව හෙලික්සිය පිළිබඳ DNA වල කල්පිතය තහවුරු කිරීමට අවස්ථානුකූලව උපයෝගී වූවාය.  1953දී, අවුරුදු දෙකකට පසුව, ඇයගේ අධ්‍යයක්ෂක වූ ජෝන් රැන්ඩල් සහ ඇගේ පාසලේ සාමාජිකයෙකු වූ මොරිස් විල්කින්ස් හා ඇතිවූ මතභේදයක් නිසා බර්ක්බෙක් විද්‍යාලයට යාමට ඇයට සිදුවිය..බර්ක්බෙක් හි, භෞතික විද්‍යා දෙපාර්තුමේන්තුවේ ප්‍රධානීවූ J. D. බර්නල් පරීක්ෂන කණ්ඩායමෙන් වෙන් කිරීමට තීරණය කරන ලදි. ඇය වර්ෂ 1958දී එනම් ඇයට වයස අවුරුදු 37දී  ඩිම්බකෝෂ පිළිකාවකින් මියගියාය.

ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලීන්ව විශේෂයෙන් හඳුනා ගනුලබන්නේ ඇය ලබාගත් DNA වල  X-කිරණ විවර්තන ඡායාරූපය නිසාය., එය ඡායාරූපය 51ලෙස හැදින්වේ. 1962 දී ලන්ඩනයේ රාජකීය විද්‍යාලයේදී , DNA අණුවේ ද්විත්ව හෙලික්සීය ව්‍යුහය සොයාගැනීම සම්බන්ධව ජේම්ස් වොට්සන්, ෆ්‍රැන්සිස් ක්‍රීක් සහ මොරිස් විල්කින්ස් යන අය කායික විද්‍යාව නොහොත් වෛද්‍ය විද්‍යාව සඳහා වන නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගයෙන් පිදුම් ලැබූහ.වොට්සන් සඳහන් කරන ආකාරයට විල්කින්ස් පමණක් නොව ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලින් ද රසායන විද්‍යාව සඳහාවන නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගය සඳහා නිර්දේෂ වියයුතු බවයි. නමුත් නොබෙල් කමිටුව මියගිය අයෙකුට නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගය දීමට විරුද්ධ විය.  DNA සම්බන්ධව කාර්යයන් නිමකළ පසු ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලීන් වෛරසවල අණුක ව්‍යුහය පිළිබදව පුරෝගාමී මෙහෙවරක් ඉටුකළාය.  ඇයගේ කණ්ඩායමේ සාමාජිකයෙකු වූ ආරොන් ක්ලග් ඇයගේ පරීක්ෂණ කටයුතු ඉදිරියට ගෙන ගිය අතර, 1982 දී රසායන විද්‍යාව සඳහා වන නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගය දිනාගන්නා ලදි..

පාදක සටහන්

අමතර කියවීම්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 Recordings by Aaron Klug at Web of Stories:

  Website
for television program first broadcast in 2003

ස්ඵටික ඡායාරූප ශිල්පය
ඉංග්‍රීසි අණුක ජීව විද්‍යාඥයෝ
බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය කාන්තා විද්‍යාඥවරියෝ
රසායන විද්‍යාඥවරියෝ
යුදෙව් රසායන විද්‍යාඥයෝ
බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය භෞතික විද්‍යාඥයෝ
20වන-සියවසේ විද්‍යාඥවරියෝ
බර්ක්බෙක් විද්‍යාපීඨ,ලන්ඩන් විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය
ලන්ඩන් රාජකීය විද්‍යාලයේ විද්‍යාපීඨ
ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලින් පවුල (ඇන්ග්ලෝ-යුදෙව්)
යුදෙව් අඥේයවාදීන්
ඉංග්‍රීසි යුදෙව්වෝ
ඉංග්‍රීසි අඥේයවාදීයෝ
නිව්න්හැම් විද්‍යාලයේ උපාධිදරයෝ,කේම්බ්‍රිජ්
ශාන්ත පෝල් බාලිකා විද්‍යාලයේ ආදි ශිෂ්‍යාවෝ
එංගලන්තයේ පිළිකාවලින් සිදුවූ මරණ
ඩිම්බ කෝෂ පිළිකාවලින් සිදුවූ මරණ
විලෙස්ඩෙන් එක්සත් සමිති සුසාන භූමියේ භූමදානයන්
නොටින්ග් හිල් හි පුද්ගලයෝ
1920 දී සිදුවූ උපත්
1958 දී සිදුවූ මරණ
යුදෙව් විද්‍යාඥවරියෝ

රොසලින්ඩ් ෆ්‍රෑන්ක්ලීන්


Lawrence H. "Larry" Friend (nacido el  en Chicago, Illinois y fallecido el  en Newport Beach, California) fue un jugador de baloncesto estadounidense que jugó durante una temporada en la NBA, además de hacerlo en la ABL. Con 1,93 metros de altura, lo hacía en la posición de base.

Trayectoria deportiva

Universidad
Tras jugar una temporada en el Community College de Los Ángeles, jugó durante otras tres con los Golden Bears de la Universidad de California en Berkeley, en las que promedió 14,9 puntos y 6,3 rebotes por partido. Su gran temporada fue la última, en la cual fue la pieza clave para la consecución del título de la Pacific Coast Conference, promediando 19,1 puntos, el sexto mejor de la conferencia, alcanzando la final regional del Oeste del Torneo de la NCAA, ronda en la que cayeron ante los Kansas Jayhawks de Bill Russell y K.C. Jones por 50-46, en la que consiguió 12 puntos y 6 rebotes. Batió el récord de anotación de su universidad, con 1.061 puntos, que perduró durante 10 años. Fue elegido en el mejor quinteto de la PCC, y en el tercer quinteto All-American.

Profesional
Fue elegido en la decimotercera posición del Draft de la NBA de 1957 por New York Knicks, donde jugó una temporada, en la que promedió 4,0 puntos y 2,4 rebotes por partido.

En 1961 jugó una temporada con Los Angeles Jets de la efímera ABL, en la que promedió 11,0 puntos y 3,7 rebotes, liderando la competición en canastas de 3 puntos, consiguiendo 58 de 163, un 31%.

Estadísticas de su carrera en la NBA

Temporada regular

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Baloncestistas de Illinois
Baloncestistas de la NBA
Baloncestistas de Los Angeles City Cubs
Baloncestistas de los California Golden Bears
Baloncestistas de los New York Knicks
Baloncestistas de Los Angeles Jets
Nacidos en Chicago

Larry Friend


Gat, kat (Catha edulis, 'kat ) veya bilinen ismiyle Yemen otu, Celastraceae familyasından Doğu Afrika'nın dönenceler arasında kalan bölgelerine özgü çiçekli bir bitki.

Etiyopya kökenli olduğu düşünülen gat, ağızda çiğnendiğinde verdiği uyarıcı etkisinden ötürü Doğu Afrika ile Arap yarımadasında özellikle Yemen'de yetiştirilir.

Galeri

Kaynakça

Şifalı bitkiler
Celastraceae
Uyuşturucu maddeler

Gat (bitki)


Olaylar

Doğumlar
 Bruttia Crispina, Roma İmparatoriçesi, Roma İmparatoru Commodus'un karısı (ö. 193)

Ölümler
 Iustinus, Patristik felsefe apolojisti (d. 100)

als:160er#164

164


Shinichi Mukai (født 15. juni 1985) er en japansk professionel fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Tochigi SC, Tokyo Verdy, AC Nagano Parceiro og FC Machida Zelvia.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Shinichi Mukai


Mo Farah (somalijski: Maxamed Mukhtaar Jaamac Faarax, Gabiley, Somalija, 23. ožujka 1983.), britanski je dugoprugaš i jedan od najuspješnijih atletičara svih vremena. Četverostruki je olimpijski, šesterostruki svjetski i peterostruki europski prvak na 5 i 10 000 metara te najuspješniji dugoprugaš svih vremena. Ujedno i jedan od najuspješnijih britanskih športaša.

Farah je rođen u gradu Gabileyu u Somalilandu, u obitelj Habr Awal podklanu Isaaqa. Rano djetinjstvo proveo je u Džibutiju s bratom blizancem. U dobi od osam godina preselio se u Britaniju kako bi se pridružio ocu, govoreći tek nekoliko riječi engleskog jezika. Njegov djed rođen je u Somalilandu, a otac u Londonu u Engleskoj. Njegov atletski talent prvi je prepoznao učitelj tjelesnog odgoja Alan Watkinson. Farah je htio postati automobilski mehaničar ili igrati kao desni branič za nogometni klub Arsenal. Kasnije se pridružio Borough of Hounslow atletskom klubu u zapadnom Londonu.

Izvor

Vanjske poveznice
 Službene stranice
 Profil na stranicama IAAF-a
 Službene stranice Zaklade »Mo Farah«

Somalijski športaši
Britanski atletičari
Svjetski prvaci u atletici
Olimpijski pobjednici u atletici
Dugoprugaši

Mo Farah


An Festuca hyperborea in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Kield Áxel Holmen. An Festuca hyperborea in nahilalakip ha genus nga Festuca, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Festuca

Festuca hyperborea


La Leipziger Brauhaus zu Reudnitz est une brasserie à Reudnitz-Thonberg, quartier de Leipzig, dans le Saxe.

Histoire
L'histoire de la brasserie remonte à 1861, lorsqu'Adolf Schröder fonde la brasserie à Reudnitz. En 1871, l'entreprise en faillite est vendue à l'industriel Carl Adolf Riebeck et à quelques citoyens de Leipzig.

Sous la direction de Riebeck, la brasserie commence à devenir la plus importante de Saxe et la quatrième de l'Empire allemand. En 1887, elle est nommée Riebeck & Comp. société commerciale transformée en société par actions. Au seuil du , l'entreprise possède les installations de brassage les plus modernes d'Europe et la plus grande salle de brassage au monde.

L'entreprise acquiert l'Altenburger Brauerei et la brasserie Gottlieb Büchner à Erfurt. En outre, la société prend la majorité des actions de la brasserie Kiesel-Haberland à Finsterwalde, de la Vereinsbrauerei à Döbeln, de la brasserie de Heßberg, de la brasserie Pfannenberg à Zerbst, de la brasserie Partuschke à Torgau et de la brasserie Kürsten à Arnstadt. De plus, la Riebeck & Comp. AG est l'actionnaire d'autres brasseries : Aktienbrauerei Neustadt-Magdeburg AG (62,4 %), Vereinsbrauerei AG Greiz (74 %), Reichsquelle Brauerei AG Mühlhausen (40 %), Bürgerliches Brauhaus AG Saalfeld (66,23 %), Vereinsbrauerei AG Zwickau (58,3 %), Vereinsbrauerei AG Apolda (72 %), Bergbrauerei AG Riesa (74 %), Aktienbrauerei Greußen (70 %), Brauerei Hack AG Meiningen (40 %), Aktienbrauerei Krostitz (74 %), Germania Brauerei AG Oschersleben, Exportbierbrauerei AG Peter Königsee, Stadtbrauerei AG Wurzen, Klosterbrauerei AG Stadtroda.

Les bombardements de Leipzig pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale détruisent plus de la moitié des bâtiments de la brasserie. À cela s'ajoute l'usure considérable des installations, comme la salle de brassage, la cave de fermentation et de stockage trempée et l'usine d'embouteillage, mal exploitée dans les ruines de la guerre. En 1946, l'entreprise est nationalisée, devient la VEB Riebeck-Brauerei puis VEB Landes-Brauerei. Dans le même temps, la reconstruction progressive des installations de la brasserie commence. En 1959, la brasserie fusionne avec d'autres brasseries, dont la brasserie de Gohlis et la Brauerei C. W. Naumann à Plagwitz, sous le nom de VEB Westquell, pour former la combinat VEB Sachsenbräu. En 1968, suit la formation de la VEB Getränkekombinat Leipzig, dont la société mère est la VEB Sachsenbräu.

À partir de 1971, une reconstruction complète est réalisée dans le VEB Sachsenbräu à Reudnitz, qui commence par la reconstruction de la brasserie (de  à ) : une usine de brassage de 6 unités de Škoda d'une capacité de  de production et 6 décoctions par jour est importée.

Le broyage humide du malt avec une teneur de 40% d'orge en fruits crus garanti par Škoda ne fonctionne pas ; seul le prétraitement hydrothermal développé en coopération avec l'Institut de traitement des céréales de Potsdam-Rehbrücke à l'aide d'une vis de conditionnement et d'un double châssis à rouleaux en aval de Mühlenbau Wittenberg permer un très bon broyage du grain.  Ce procédé, alors breveté dans les États socialistes (brevet économique de la RDA 121798 du ) correspond encore à l'état de la technique d'aujourd'hui. Lors de la reconstruction de la salle de brassage, plus de  de moût chaud sont transportés des autres brasseries de la ville de Leipzig vers le navire réfrigérant de la brasserie de Reudnitz.

De 1972 à 1975, un nouveau parc de stockage avec dix réservoirs extérieurs d'une capacité de  chacun ainsi qu'une station de nettoyage et de désinfection, la culture de la levure, deux unités de réfrigération de  par heure chacune et une station de récupération et de remplissage de dioxyde de carbone est construit dans le VEB Sachsenbräu. L'investissement de la RDA s'élève à 8,85 millions de marks. Ce parc de cuves pour la fermentation et la maturation est agrandi dans la seconde moitié des années 1980 de 5 cuves supplémentaires, également avec refroidissement externe.

Après le changement politique en RDA, le combinat est dissous. La brasserie apparaît désormais avec la nouvelle marque « Reudnitzer ». En 1991, le groupe de boissons de Dortmund Brau und Brunnen reprend l'entreprise et la renomme Leipziger Brauhaus zu Reudnitz GmbH. Brau und Brunnen investit l'équivalent d'environ 50 millions d'euros dans la modernisation des installations de production. En 1993, une brasserie entièrement automatisée est inaugurée. La brasserie de Reudnitz avec ses 170 emplois est menacée de fermeture en 1997 en raison des difficultés économiques de la société mère. Cela est évité par des protestations massives.

En 2005, la brasserie est vendue au groupe Radeberger du consortium Oetker. La même année, une nouvelle ligne de remplissage de bouteilles d'une capacité allant jusqu'à  bouteilles par heure est installée.

La marque de bière de Reudnitz prend fin en 2012 avec l'arrêt des produits Reudnitzer Pilsner et Reudnitzer Ur-Bock. La Leipziger Brauhaus zu Reudnitz GmbH est supprimée du registre du commerce. Les installations de production sont utilisées pour produire de la bière de la marque Sternburg.

Le Leipziger Brauhaus zu Reudnitz a parrainé le club de football 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, le monument de la Bataille des Nations, la clinique pour enfants de l'Université de Leipzig et la fondation culturelle de Leipzig.

Références

Brasserie ayant son siège en Allemagne
Entreprise ayant son siège en Saxe
Leipzig
Dr. Oetker

Leipziger Brauhaus zu Reudnitz


Graffe ist der Familienname von:

 Anne-Caroline Graffe (* 1986), französische Sportlerin
 Georg Graffe (* 1957), deutscher Dokumentarfilmer, Filmregisseur und Fernsehjournalist

Siehe auch:
 Gräffe

Graffe


Cântece pentru un muzeu este un film românesc din 2013 regizat de Eliza Zdru.

Prezentare

Distribuție
Distribuția filmului este alcătuită din:

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 2013 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 2013

Cântece pentru un muzeu


NGC 5587 est une galaxie lenticulaire située dans la constellation de la Bouvier. Sa vitesse par rapport au fond diffus cosmologique est de , ce qui correspond à une distance de Hubble de . NGC 5587 a été découverte par l'astronome germano-britannique William Herschel en 1784.

NGC 5587 présente une large raie HI. Selon la base de données Simbad, NGC 5587 est une galaxie LINER, c'est-à-dire une galaxie dont le noyau présente un spectre d'émission caractérisé par de larges raies d'atomes faiblement ionisés.

À ce jour, deux mesures non basées sur le décalage vers le rouge (redshift) donnent une distance de , ce qui est à l'extérieur des valeurs de la distance de Hubble. Notons que c'est avec la valeur moyenne des mesures indépendantes, lorsqu'elles existent, que la base de données NASA/IPAC calcule le diamètre d'une galaxie et qu'en conséquence le diamètre de NGC 5587 pourrait être d' si on utilisait la distance de Hubble pour le calculer.

Supernova
La supernova SN 2006dy a été découverte dans NGC 5587 le  à Yamagata au Japon par l'astronome japonais Koichi Itagaki. Cette supernova était de type Ia.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du New General Catalogue

Liens externes

 NGC 5587 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

5587
Constellation du Bouvier
Galaxie lenticulaire
Galaxie LINER
Objet céleste découvert en 1784
Objet céleste découvert par William Herschel

NGC 5587


Nicolas G. Svoronos (en ), né le  à Leucade et mort le  à Athènes, est un historien grec.

Décorations

  (1972) au titre de « directeur d'études à l'école pratique des hautes études à Paris »

Notes et références

Liens externes

Historien grec du XXe siècle
Naissance en juillet 1911
Décès en avril 1989
Décès à 77 ans
Chevalier des Palmes académiques

Nicolas Svoronos


Tereza Kerndlová (født 6. oktober 1986) er en tjekkisk sangerinde. Hun repræsenterede Tjekkiet ved Eurovision Song Contest 2008.

Eksterne henvisninger

Sangere fra Tjekkiet
Tjekkiets Eurovision Song Contest-deltagere
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 2008
Personer fra Brno

Tereza Kerndlová


Tonino Delli Colli (20 de noviembre de 1923 - 16 de agosto de 2005) fue un director de fotografía italiano.

Biografía
Delli Colli nació en Roma y comenzó su carrera cinematográfica en 1938 en el estudio Cinecittà, a los 16 años de edad. Sus primeros trabajos consistieron en ser asistente de camarógrafo. A mediados de los años 1940 ya trabajaba como director de fotografía, y en 1952 colaboró en la primera película italiana a color, Totò a colori. A lo largo de su carrera trabajó con diversos y reconocidos directores de cine, incluyendo Sergio Leone (Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo, C'era una volta il West y Érase una vez en América), Roman Polanski (La muerte y la doncella y Bitter Moon), Louis Malle (Lacombe Lucien), Jean-Jacques Annaud (El nombre de la rosa), y Federico Fellini (Ginger y Fred, Intervista y La voce della luna).

Trabajó además con el director Pier Paolo Pasolini, participando en doce de sus películas, como Accattone (1961), Mamma Roma (1962), El Evangelio según San Mateo (1964), El Decamerón (1971), Los cuentos de Canterbury (1972) y Saló o los 120 días de Sodoma (1976).

Su última película fue La vida es bella (1997) de Roberto Benigni, por la que obtuvo su cuarto premio David de Donatello en la categoría de mejor fotografía. En 2005 fue reconocido por la American Society of Cinematographers con un premio a la trayectoria. Tonino Delli Colli falleció en agosto de ese mismo año debido a un ataque cardíaco.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Directores de fotografía de Italia
Nacidos en Roma
Fallecidos en Roma

Tonino Delli Colli


Øen i havet er en dokumentarfilm instrueret af Helga C. Theilgaard efter manuskript af samme.

Handling
Så længe de taler om dig, skal du ikke være ked af det, men den dag, de ikke gider tale om dig mere, er det på tide, du vågner op. Sådan beskriver Gert Hansen betingelserne for at bo i et lille øsamfund som Christiansø. Filmen er en billedfortælling om de nære værdier, om et symbiotisk forhold mellem menneske og natur og om en dyb og stærk kærlighed til en ø. Instruktøren har interviewet, filmet og fotograferet mere end 70 beboere på Ertholmene (Christiansø og Frederiksø).

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Film fra 2007

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Øen i havet


Klæmint Andrasson Olsen (født 17. juli 1990) er en færøsk fodboldspiller, der spiller som angriber for islandske Breiðablik på en lejeaftale fra NSÍ Runavík og for s landshold.

Karriere

Klub
Klæmint Olsen har spillet med NSÍ hele sin karriere. Han startede sin karriere i Færøernes bedste liga i 2007, hvor NSÍ vandt det færøske mesterskab. I 2011 var han nummer to på topscorerlisten i Færøernes bedste række med 17 mål for NSÍ Runavík.

Den 15. september 2013 scorede han alle fire mål i en 4-3 sejr mod KÍ.

Han blev topscorer i den færøske topliga i 2013 med 21 mål, og igen i 2014 med 22 mål, i 2015 med 21 mål og 2016 med 23 mål. For dette modtog han den gyldne støvle fire gange på rad. Han blev igen topscorer i den færøske bedste række i 2019 med 26 mål. I 2020 scorede han sit mål nummer 200 i Færøernes bedste række. Han er den mest scorende gennem alle tider i den færøske topdivision i fodbold.

Landshold
Han blev første gang indkaldt til Færøernes A-landshold i februar 2012 til en træningslejr i Spanien, og han scorede sejrsmålet i en venskabskamp mod det spanske hold La Union. Han fik sin officielle debut på landsholdet i en VM-kvalifikationskamp mod Tyskland den 7. september 2012, hvor han blev skiftet ind.

Han scorede sit første landsholdsmål for Færøernes A-landshold i 1-4 nederlag i en EM-kvalifikationskamp på hjemmebane mod Spanien den 7. juni 2019.

Landsholdsmål
Færøernes scoring og resultat vises først.

Privatliv
I en radioudsendelse i Kringvarp Føroya fortalte Klæmint Olsens mor, Halda Tausen Olsen, at Klæmint blev født med en klumpfod, som i form mindede om en banan, og at lægen, som behandlede ham, havde sagt, at han aldrig ville blive fodboldspiller. Men moderen ville ikke opgive ham og fortsatte i fem år med at behandle hans venstre fod hver morgen og hver aften. Hans fod blev næsten normal, dog er hans venstre læg kun en tredjedel af hans højre læg, så han kan ikke sætte af med venstre fod, når han spiller fodbold. Men handikappet har ikke forhindret ham i at blive en god fodboldspiller, der har spillet over tyve landskampe for Færøernes A-landshold og han har også spillet for U/17, U/19 og U/21 landsholdene, og derudover har været topscorer i Færøernes bedste række fem gange.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Færøerne
Fodboldlandsholdsspillere fra Færøerne
Fodboldspillere fra NSÍ Runavík

Klæmint Olsen (fodboldspiller)


Diphenylethin ist die chemische Verbindung C6H5–C≡C–C6H5. Das Molekül besteht aus zwei Phenylresten, die an beide Enden einer alkinischen Dreifachbindung gebunden sind. Die Verbindung kann deshalb sowohl als Ethinderivat als auch als Benzolderivat angesehen werden.

Diphenylethin ist ein farbloser kristalliner Feststoff, der sowohl als Grundbaustein in der organischen Synthese als auch als Ligand in der Organometallchemie häufig verwendet wird.

Herstellung
Diphenylethin kann auf verschiedene Weisen hergestellt werden:
 Kondensation von Benzil mit Hydrazin liefert das Dihydrazon, welches dann mit Quecksilber(II)-oxid oxidiert wird.
 Bromierung von Stilben (Diphenylethen) und anschließende Dehydrohalogenierung. Das Produkt kann jedoch mit schwer abtrennbarem Stilben verunreinigt sein.
 Stephens-Castro-Kupplung von Iodbenzol mit dem Kupfersalz des Phenylethins.

Bedeutende Derivate
 Die Reaktion mit Tetraphenylcyclopentadienon liefert Hexaphenylbenzol.
 Die Reaktion mit Benzalchlorid in Gegenwart von Kalium-tert-butanolat liefert das 3-Alkoxycyclopropen, welches sich in Bromwasserstoff zu Triphenylcyclopropeniumbromid umwandelt.

Einzelnachweise

Aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoff
Alkin

Diphenylethin


සතරවන ක්ලියෝපැට්රා (), ඇයගේ සැමියා  නවවන ටොලමි ලෑතිරොස් සමග එකතුව, ක්‍රිපූ  116 සිට 115 දක්වා කෙටි කාලයක්  තුල ඊජිප්තුවේ රැජිණ වූවාය. ඇය පසුව  නවවන ඇන්ටියෝකුස්  කිසිකුනුස්ගේ බිරිය ලෙසින් සිරියාවේ රජ බිසව වූවාය.

චරිතාපදානය

ඊජිප්තුවේ රැජිණ
සතරවන ක්ලියෝපැට්රා යනු අටවන ටොලමි ෆිස්කන් සහ ඊජිප්තුවේ තුන්වන ක්ලියෝපැට්රා යන අයගේ දියණිය වූවාය. ඇය ඉපදී ඇත්තේ ක්‍රිපූ 138 සහ 135 අතරතුරදීය. ඇය,  නවවන ටොලමි,  දසවන ටොලමි, පළමුවන ක්ලියෝපැට්රා සෙලීනී සහ ට්‍රයිෆීනා යන්නන්ගේ සෙහොයුරිය වූවාය.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

ඊජිප්තුවේ සතරවන ක්ලියෝපැට්රා


බයාන් ඛුටුඝ් අධිරාජිනිය (1324–1365) යනු යුවාන් රාජවංශයේ අධිරාජිනියක් වන අතර, ඇය තොඝොන් තෙමූර් (හුයිෂොං අධිරාජයා) අධිරාජයාගේ අධිරාජිනියක් වූවා ය.

ජනප්‍රිය සංස්කෘතිය තුළ
ලිම් ජු-ඉයුන් විසින් 2013 රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලාවක් වන එම්ප්‍රස් කි තුළ ඇගේ චරිතය නිරූපණය කරයි.

සටහන්

1324 උපත්
1365 මරණ
14වන සියවසේ චීන පාලකයින්
14වන සියවසේ ස්ත්‍රීන්
යුවාන් රාජවංශයේ අධිරාජිනියන්

බයාන් ඛුටුඝ්


Mikoshi (jap. 神輿- mikoši) je sveto prijenosno šintoističko svetište u Japanu. Šintoisti vjeruju da je mikoshi sredstvo kojim se božanstvo (kami) prenosi između glavnog i privremenog svetišta tijekom japanskog festivala matsuri (jap. 祭り). Japanci vjeruju da revnosno nošenje mikoshija ulicama Japana, ljudima donosi snagu, zdravlje i bogatu žetvu. Mikoshi često sliči na malu zgradu, to jest svetište sa stupovima, zidovima, krovom, trijemom i ogradom. Vrh mikoshija često je ukrašen pozlaćenim feniksom. Šintoistička svetišta uglavnom imaju jedan glavni mikoshi tzv. honja mikoshi (jap. 本社神輿- honđa mikoši), dok velika svetišta kao svetište Asakusa u Tokiu posjeduju čak tri. Svetište Asakusa je poznato upravo po svom festivalu triju svetišta zvanom Sanja matsuri (jap. 三社祭- sanđa macuri).

Postoje razna mikoshi svetišta za različite uzraste i situacije. Svetište namijenjeno za odrasle se naziva otona mikoshi (jap. 大人神輿) kojeg mogu nositi i muškarci i žene, za djecu kodomo mikoshi (jap. 子供神輿), a postoji i mikoshi samo za žene zvan onna mikoshi (jap. 女神輿).

Etimologija
Prvi dio riječi mikoshi 神 (mi) označava božanstvo Kami, dok drugi dio 輿 (koshi) označava vozilo koje nose ljudi. Postoji nekoliko inačica zapisa riječi mikoshi, a jedna od njih je dodavanje počasnog prefiksa o- (お) kojim se dobiva riječ omikoshi (jap. お神輿).

Tehnike nošenja
Mikoshi mogu činiti dva do šest drvenih stupova za nošenje uz moguće iznimke. Mikoshi je tipično postavljen na četiri stupa te se takav nosi, primjerice, kod Edomae i Odawara stila nošenja. Edomae (jap. 江戸前) je tehnika nošenja koja se između ostalog izvodi u gore spomenutom Sanja festivalu, a prepoznatljiva je po tome što se mikoshi ubrzano ljulja gore dolje. Karakteristike nošenja Odawara (jap. 小田原) su recitiranje pjesme Kiyari, nakon čega se kratim trkom mikoshi prenosi s jednog kraja ulice na drugi. Za vrijeme trčanja uzvikuju se fraze poput "Oisaa, korasaa". Mikoshi se zatim neko vrijeme nosi usporenim korakom, dok se ne stigne do nove destinacije na kojoj se nastavlja recitiranje za kojim ponovo slijedi trčanje.  Mikoshi postavljen na dva drvena stupa nosi se tehnikom dokkoi (jap. どっこい). Ovim načinomi mikoshi se nosi mnogo sporije, zato što sa samo dva stupa ima znatno manje mjesta za nošenje. Za vrijeme nošenja uzvikuje se fraza "dokkoi dokkoi, dokkoi sorya", a nošenje je također popraćeno takozvanim jinku (jap. 甚句) pjesmama, što u prijevodu znači živahna pjesma.

Izvori

Šintoizam
Japanska kultura

Mikoshi


Auf dem Quai in Smyrna (Originaltitel: On the Quai at Smyrna) ist eine Kurzgeschichte des US-amerikanischen Schriftstellers Ernest Hemingway. Sie ist in der 1925 erschienenen Kurzgeschichtensammlung In Our Time enthalten.

Sie erzählt fragmentarisch und verwirrend einzelne Erinnerungen eines Soldaten während des Griechisch-Türkischen Krieges bei der Evakuierung von griechischen Soldaten und Flüchtlingen aus der ägäischen Hafenstadt Smyrna (heutiger türkischer Name: Izmir) im September 1922.

Handlung
Der Ich-Erzähler setzt ohne Einleitung direkt ein und erzählt davon, dass das Seltsame war, dass sie jede Nacht um Mitternacht anfingen zu schreien und sie aufhörten, wenn man mit den Scheinwerfern auf sie leuchtete. Es folgen weitere Erinnerungen, wie etwa eine kurze Auseinandersetzung zwischen dem Erzähler, einem Kanonier und einem türkischen Offizier, der meint, dass ihn der Kanonier schwer beleidigt hätte. Dies sei laut Erzähler jedoch nicht so möglich, da der beschuldigte Kanonier nur wenig Türkisch spreche. Der Erzähler versichert dem türkischen Offizier, dass der Kanonier schwer bestraft werden würde, tatsächlich behauptet er dies nur, um einer weiteren Auseinandersetzung zu entgehen. Er glaubt dem Kanonier und bittet diesen, für den Rest des Tages zurück auf das Schiff zu gehen, damit er nicht mehr gesehen wird.
Dann berichtet der Erzähler über Frauen, die tote Babys in den Armen hielten und diese nicht weggeben wollten, weshalb man sie ihnen nach einer Woche gewaltsam entreißen musste. Kurz darauf folgt die Schilderung von Geburten, bei denen laut Erzähler überraschend wenige Kinder starben.
Ganz zum Schluss kommt der namenlose Protagonist auf die zu evakuierenden Griechen zu sprechen, die mit ihren Lasttieren an den Hafen kamen, doch weil sie die Tiere nicht mitnehmen konnten, brach man ihnen die Vorderbeine und stieß sie ins Wasser, woraufhin sie ertranken. Der Erzähler beschreibt dies (wahrscheinlich ironisch) als richtig hübsch.

Form
In der gesamten Kurzgeschichte fallen keine Namen und bis auf den kurzen Dialog zwischen Erzähler und Kanonier sind alle Ereignisse kurze Schilderungen, die nur angerissen werden. Damit stellt diese Erzählung die fragmentarischen Erinnerungen eines Soldaten dar, der offenkundig von seinen Erlebnissen aus dem Ersten Weltkrieg erzählt. Autor Hemingway überträgt die Verwirrung der Soldaten auf den Leser durch den Schreibstil, da dem Leser jene Ereignisse ähnlich suspekt vorkommen, wie den Soldaten zu der Zeit, als sie passierten.
Dies verstärkt sich dadurch, da es weder einen kurzen Prolog oder Epilog gibt. Der Erzähler hört genauso abrupt auf, wie er begonnen hat und auf den ersten Blick fällt es schwer eine Quintessenz auszumachen.

Einordnung in Hemingways Werk
Auf dem Quai in Smyrna war das erste von vielen literarischen Werken, die Hemingway über den Ersten Weltkrieg schrieb. Als sein Hauptwerk zu diesem Thema kann der 1929 erschienene Roman In einem andern Land betrachtet werden, der direkt von seiner Zeit als Sanitäter an der italienischen Front inspiriert wurde. Spätere Kurzgeschichten von Hemingway zu diesem Sujet sind jedoch weniger konfus.

Weblinks
 Zusammenfassung und Interpretationsansätze
 Biografische Hintergründe des Autors
 Weitere Zusammenfassung und Hintergründe

Werk von Ernest Hemingway
Literarisches Werk
Kurzgeschichte
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Literatur (Englisch)
Literatur (Vereinigte Staaten)

Auf dem Quai in Smyrna


O Charter Oak foi um carvalho branco  de Wyllys Hyll em Hartford, Connecticut, nos Estados Unidos, que viveu desde por volta do século 12 ou 13 até cair durante uma tempestade em 1856. Segundo a tradição, a Carta Real de Connecticut de 1662 foi escondida dentro do oco da árvore para impedir seu confisco pelo governador-geral inglês. O carvalho tornou-se um símbolo da independência americana e é comemorado no State Quarter de Connecticut de 1999. Em 1935, para o tricentenário de Connecticut, também foi retratado em um meio dólar comemorativo e em um selo postal .

Relíquias

O carvalho foi derrubado por uma violenta tempestade em 21 de agosto de 1856 e a madeira dele foi transformada em várias cadeiras agora exibidas no Hartford Capitol Building. A mesa do Governador de Connecticut e as cadeiras do Presidente da Câmara dos Representantes e do Presidente do Senado na capital do estado foram feitas de madeira recuperada do Charter Oak. Outra cadeira foi feita pelo notável pintor Frederic Church, natural de Hartford, e ainda está em exibição em sua antiga casa .

Uma bola de beisebol de madeira feita do Charter Oak foi apresentada pela Charter Oak Engine Co. No. 1 em 20 de setembro de 1860 ao Charter Oak Base Ball Club do Brooklyn.

Uma bengala feita de um galho do Charter Oak foi dada ao presidente Andrew Johnson por apoiadores em janeiro de 1868, quando o processo de impeachment estava em andamento.

Referências

Árvores
Connecticut

Charter Oak


HMS Eagle was an  of the Royal Navy, in service 1951–1972. Until the arrival of the s in the 21st century, she and her sister  were the two largest Royal Navy aircraft carriers ever built.

She was laid down on 24 October 1942 at Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast as one of four ships of the Audacious class. These were laid down during World War II as part of the British naval buildup during that conflict. Two were cancelled at the end of hostilities, and the remaining two were suspended. Originally designated Audacious, she was renamed as Eagle (the fifteenth Royal Navy ship to receive this name), taking the name of the cancelled third ship of the class on 21 January 1946. She was finally launched by Princess Elizabeth on 19 March 1946.

Although Eagle was completed in October 1951 without an angled flight deck, one was added three years later. In 1952 she took part in the first large NATO naval exercise, Exercise Mainbrace.

Design and construction
The s were intended as a larger follow-on to the  of aircraft carriers with armoured hangars, with the design being modified prior to orders being placed to accommodate larger and heavier aircraft, which led to the displacement growing from the originally planned  to  by the time the ships were ordered. Four ships were ordered, although one, Africa, was cancelled before construction began.

The first of the class, Audacious was laid down at Harland & Wolff's Belfast shipyard on 24 October 1942. Construction was slowed by the need to concentrate resources on more urgent requirements, such as the construction of landing craft, and none of the ships of the class had been launched when end of the Second World War brought large cuts in the shipbuilding programme for the Royal Navy. The third ship of the class, Eagle, which was only 26% complete, was cancelled in December 1945, with Audacious being renamed Eagle on 21 January 1946. The newly renamed Eagle was launched by Princess Elizabeth on 19 March 1946, but construction of the two carriers was slowed for three years while the Royal Navy's requirements for aircraft carriers was reviewed, it being eventually decided to complete Eagle to a similar standard to that planned in 1945, while Ark Royal would be completed to an improved design. Eagle was finally completed on 1 October 1951.

As built, Eagle was  long overall,  at the waterline and  between perpendiculars, with a beam of  and a draught of  at deep load. Displacement was  standard, with full load of up to . Eight Admiralty three-drum water-tube boilers fed steam to Parsons single-reduction geared steam turbines rated at  which in turn drove four propeller shafts. This gave a speed of  at deep load.

Service

Eagle started Sea trials on 31 October 1951, with initial flying trials starting on 14 February 1952 and the ship being accepted into service on 1 March 1952. Eagle continued to work up her crew, embarking an initial air wing equipped with two squadrons of Supermarine Attacker jet fighters, two squadrons of Fairey Firefly anti-submarine aircraft and a squadron of Blackburn Firebrand attack aircraft, and in September 1952, took part in the big NATO naval exercise, Exercise Mainbrace off the coast of Norway and Denmark.

In early 1953 Eagle visited the Mediterranean, before returning to home waters when in June she took part in the Fleet Review at Spithead to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. She joined the Mediterranean Fleet in February 1954, before returning to British waters in May.

Eagle was refitted at Devonport Dockyard from June 1954 to February 1955. In order to ease operations with jet aircraft, the ship was fitted with a 5.5 degree angled flight deck, which owing to the width of Eagles flight deck, could be accommodated without major structural changes, although it required the ship's arrestor gear to be rearranged, and removal of nine Bofors guns (one Mark-6 six barrelled mount and three single mounts). A mirror landing aid was also fitted. Following work-up, Eagle deployed to the Mediterranean before taking part in the autumn NATO exercises in the North Atlantic. In May 1956, Eagle was deployed to Malta to work up for another stint in the Mediterranean Fleet.

Eagles first wartime service came in 1956, when she took part in the Suez Crisis. with  Captain H C D MacLean, DSC in command. The ship's aircraft of that period included Westland Wyverns, Douglas Skyraiders, Hawker Sea Hawks and de Havilland Sea Venoms.

Rebuild

The Admiralty had originally planned to give Eagle a complete rebuild on the lines of , but due to high costs, plans to fit new geared steam turbines and a stretched hull were abandoned. Eagle was instead given a more austere but extensive modernization that provided greater radar and processing capability than the systems fitted to Victorious. The changes included major improvements to the accommodation, including the installation of air conditioning. The island was completely rebuilt and a 3D Type 984 radar was installed, with processing capacity to track and rank 100 targets, twice the capability of the early 984 system fitted to Hermes and Victorious. The flight deck was modified and included a new 2½ inch armoured deck with a full 8.5 degree angle, two new steam catapults (BS5s,  stroke on the port side forward and  stroke in the waist) were fitted as well as new arrester gear (DAX I) and mirror sights. As well as an overhaul of the DC electrical systems, AC generators were also fitted to give additional power.

It was decided that Eagle would have her anti-aircraft guns removed and replaced by the Seacat missile system, though her aft four 4.5 inch gun turrets were retained, and all of her original machinery and equipment would be fully overhauled.

In 1959 Eagle entered Devonport Dockyard to begin this extensive refit, and by May 1964 it was complete. Standard displacement had increased to around 44,100 tons (full load displacement was 54,100 tons) and Eagle was now the largest aircraft carrier in the Royal Navy. Total cost of the refit was £31 million. The refit was intended to extend her operational life for another 10 years, and she now operated Blackburn Buccaneer, de Havilland Sea Vixen, Supermarine Scimitar and Fairey Gannet aircraft, but water-cooled jet blast deflectors (needed to operate the RN Phantom fighters) were not fitted, and therefore the full potential of the ship was not realized. In 1964-5 it was claimed Eagle and the proposed CVA01 and half sized Hermes would be a viable three carrier fleet until 1980. Victorious would have been replaced by CVA01 in 1973. In reality the 1958 Royal Navy assessment was that with affordable modernization of the existing carrier fleet, only HMS Hermes would be effective after 1975, and she was too small. These assessments by the Director of Naval Construction in November 1958 were very accurate, taking into account the slower than expected pace of reconstruction, corrosion of war-built hulls, the obsolete power trains except in Victorious, and the cheap unsatisfactory mix of DC electrics with AC add-on generators where needed in Eagle and Ark Royal.

Refit
In early 1966 Eagle was refitted at Devonport once more and was fitted with a single DAX II arrestor wire (no.3, her other wires were DAX I). She was recommissioned in 1967.

Eagle was originally intended to receive a further refit that would have enabled her to comfortably operate the McDonnell Douglas Phantom (she had already successfully operated them in trials). Her two BS5 catapults fitted in her 1959–64 refit were already powerful enough to launch fully laden F-4s, but her Jet Blast Deflectors were still of the older steel plate design, and the reheated exhaust of the Phantom's Rolls-Royce Spey engines required water-cooled deflector plates. It was also planned to fit bridle catchers to the catapults as a cost-saving measure, as the bridles would otherwise be lost after a single launch.

During the Phantom FG1 trials (involving three newly delivered aircraft operated by 700P NAS) the longer waist catapult was used, and a thick steel plate was chained to the deck behind the catapult to absorb the heat of the Phantom's afterburners. The JBD was not used as it would have been damaged, and after each launch fire hoses sprayed water on the deck plate to cool it down before the next aircraft could be loaded onto the catapult.

While fitting adequate blast deflectors and other minor changes for Phantom operation were estimated to cost no more than £5 million in 1968, refitting the ship to operate with a modern airgroup of Phantoms into the late 1970s was clearly going to cost much more, and the new Conservative government in 1970 confirmed plans to convert  to a Commando carrier and withdraw Eagle. In February 1972, the Secretary of State for Defence, Lord Carrington, estimated refitting Eagle to operate Phantoms would cost £25–30 million, and the overall manpower and cost requirements of operating two large strike carriers were beyond Britain, particularly as Ark Royal was expected to serve to the end of the 1970s with only two short refits. To preserve Eagle in maintained or unmaintained reserve would require refits, estimated at around £4 million, every 3–4 years, and maintenance crew of 350–400 Navy personnel for £1.5–2 million a year. Reactivation would take four and a half months to a year, while maintaining a Sea Vixen squadron was unjustified expense for aircraft that were obsolete. The refit of Ark Royal cost £32 million to allow operations of a fully modern airwing, though it was generally accepted that even after her return to service she considered to be in a significantly worse overall material state in comparison to Eagle. Of the 48 Phantom FG1s ordered for the FAA, 20 were diverted to the RAF equipping 43 Sqn, though some were loaned back to the Navy to equip the Phantom FG1 training unit 767 NAS which trained both RN and RAF Phantom crews until it was disbanded in 1972.

Decommissioning

The 1966 decision to run-down the RN fixed wing carrier fleet (Centaur had already been laid up as an accommodation ship, and Victorious was soon to be prematurely scrapped, following a minor fire) meant Eagles days were numbered. Eagle was paid off in January 1972 at Portsmouth after 20 years and 4 months of service, and was stripped of reusable equipment (radars and missile systems primarily), after which she was towed to Devonport where she was placed in reserve and moored in a stretch of the River Tamar known as the Hamoaze. In 1974, she was released from her moorings, towed up river, and secured in number 10 Dock, Devonport Dockyard, where she was further stripped of essential spares for Ark Royal, before being towed back to her mooring position.

Up until 1976 she was officially still in reserve, but having been exhausted as a source of spares for Ark Royal, Eagle was then sold for scrap and towed from Devonport on 14 October 1978 to Cairnryan near Stranraer to be broken up, clearing her mooring space for her sister and arriving there five days later. The lower hull of  Eagle was still being broken up when her sister Ark Royal arrived at Cairnryan for demolition on 28 September 1980. One of her anchors (along with one of Ark Royals) stands guard at the entrance to the Fleet Air Arm Museum in Yeovilton.

See also
 Type 984 radar

Notes

References

Sources

 Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships 1960–61. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd., 1960.
 Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co Ltd, 1971. .
 Blackman, Raymond. Ships of the Royal Navy. London: Macdonald and Jane's, 1973.
 Brown, David. Carrier Air Groups: HMS Eagle. Windsor, UK: Hylton Lacy, 1972. .
 Brown, David K. Nelson to Vanguard: Warship Design and Development 1923–1945. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing, 2012. .
 Brown, David K. and Moore, George. Rebuilding the Royal Navy: Warship Design Since 1945. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing, 2012. .
 Chesneau, Roger. Aircraft Carriers of the World, 1914 to the Present: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. London: Brockhampton Press, 1998. .
 Gardiner, Robert and Stephen Chumbley. Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Ma, USA:Naval Institute Press, 1995. .
 McCart, Neil. HMS Eagle 1942–1978. Cheltenham, UK: Fan Publications, 1996. .
 "The NATO Exercises: Part I: The Overall Picture: Mainbrace". Flight, Vol. LXII, Issue 2279, 26 September 1952, pp. 402–404.
 "The NATO Exercises: Part II: Flying with the Hold Fast Squadrons: Last Phases of Mainbrace". Flight, Vol. LXII, Issue 2280, 3 October 1952, pp. 449–454.

External links

Maritimequest HMS Eagle photo gallery
HMS Eagle homepage
https://rnzaf.proboards.com/thread/7590/hms-eagle-visit-1971 - dummy attack on HMS Eagle by No. 75 Squadron RNZAF, 1971

Audacious-class aircraft carriers
Ships built in Belfast
1946 ships
Cold War aircraft carriers of the United Kingdom
Ships built by Harland and Wolff
Maritime incidents in 1978

HMS Eagle (R05)


Den guddommelige brugsanvisning er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 2002, der er instrueret af Birgit Nissen Pedersen efter manuskript af hende selv og Annemette Bach.

Handling
Filmen følger to unge danske kvinder, der begge er konverteret til islam. Hvert år vælger et antal danskere at konvertere til islam og udfordrer derved velfærdssamfundets normer om individuel frihed. For omgivelserne kan det virke, som om konvertitterne bruger deres frie opdragelse til at vælge underkastelsen. Men af filmen fremgår det, at det ligefrem kan føles som en befrielse at 'lægge sin stolthed på hylden' og anerkende, at man er en del af et større system, som Gud har skabt. Uden direkte at gå ind i aktuelle debatter om tørklæder, religiøs fundamentalisme eller kvindesyn åbner filmen døren på klem til en verden, som ikke-troende sjældent har adgang til.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Islam i Danmark
Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2002

Den guddommelige brugsanvisning


Promau ist eine Talung in den Ybbstaler Alpen, hier liegen die Ansiedlungen Großpromau und Kleinpromau, die zur Gemeinde Hollenstein an der Ybbs im Bezirk Amstetten, Niederösterreich, gehören.

Geographie

Die Gegend Promau ist eine Passlandschaft zwischen dem Göstlinger Mendlingtal und dem Hollensteiner Hammerbachtal und Sandgraben. Dieser Talzug trennt den Königsbergzug () im Norden vom Gamssteinzug (Hochkogel , Voralpe-Gruppe), zwei Massiven der Ybbstaler Voralpen. Der erste ist noch ein weitgehend bewaldeter Höhenrücken, der zweite schon ein alpiner, in der Gipfelregion kahler Kalkstock.

Die Promau ist eine Rodungsinsel der beiden Gehöfte, und sonst von Wald umgeben.

Nachbarorte

Passhöhe Promau

Geschichte
Die Route Lassing – Großhollenstein war in der früheren Neuzeit wichtiger Transportweg des Eisenerzer Roheisens in die Kleineisengewerberegion um Hollenstein und Opponitz, und als solcher eine Nebenroute der Eisenstraße in den Drei-Märkte-Bezirk Gresten, Scheibbs und Purgstall an der Erlauf (bzw. Scheibbs, Purgstall, Göstling).

Natur und Sehenswürdigkeiten

Die Talung liegt im Naturpark [Niederösterreichische] Eisenwurzen. Das Gebiet ist leichtes Wander- und Mountainbike-Terrain, über Forstwege sind Aufstiege auf die Berge der Umgebung möglich.

Westlich befindet sich das denkmalgeschützte Jagdhaus Sandgraben, östlich die Erlebniswelt Auf dem Holzweg im Mendlingtal, die das Kleineisengewerbe der Eisenwurzen mit mehreren Anlagen dokumentiert. In diese Richtung findet sich an der Straße auch die Lohhütte, eine von der Naturparkverwaltung rekonstruierte, für die Eisenwurzen typische Rindenhütten (Forstleutehütte).

Einzelnachweise

Tal in Niederösterreich
Geographie (Hollenstein an der Ybbs)
Pass in Niederösterreich
Alpenpass
Gebirgspass
Ybbstaler Alpen
Tal in Europa

Promau (Hollenstein an der Ybbs)