Mari Boine, anteriormente conocida como Mari Boine Persen (8 de noviembre de 1956), es una cantante noruega perteneciente a la etnia de los saami, conocida por haber combinado el rock y el jazz con la música yoik de su pueblo natal. Su primer éxito fue «Gula Gula», estrenado en 1989, y continuó grabando álbumes populares a lo largo de los noventa.

Historia
Mari Boine creció en Gámehisnjárga, una pequeña localidad establecida en la ribera del río Anarjohka en la municipalidad de Karasjok, Finnmark, al norte de Noruega. Sus padres eran saami y se mantenían de la pesca del salmón y del cultivo. Mari se crio inmersa en el ambiente natural de la región, pero también en medio del estricto movimiento cristiano que posibilitaba la discriminación hacia su gente; por ejemplo, cantar en el tradicional estilo yoik era considerado como una obra del diablo. Además, la escuela local a la que asistía reflejaba un mundo completamente diferente del de su familia, pues todo lo que se enseñaba ahí estaba en noruego.
Al crecer, Mari comenzó a rebelarse contra la situación de ser considerada como una mujer inferior para la sociedad noruega por ser lapona. Por ejemplo, el folleto incluido en su primer disco, 'Leahkastin', critica irónicamente el racismo, pues está ilustrado con fotografías con leyendas como 'Típica mujer lapona', 'Un lapón bien nutrido' y éste termina con una fotografía de ella con el título de: 'Mari, una de las toscas niñas laponas'.
En 1994 se le solicitó que interpretara para las Olimpiadas de Invierno, sin embargo, se negó a hacerlo debido a que percibió esta invitación como un intento para atraer a las minorías a la ceremonia sin un interés verdadero.

En el 2003, Bloine fue premiada con el Premio de Música del Consejo Nórdico. Del mismo modo, el 18 de septiembre de 2009 fue nombrada "caballero" por la Real Orden de San Olav gracias a su diversidad artística.

Sus canciones están fuertemente influenciadas por su experiencia de pertenecer a una minoría discriminada. Un ejemplo de esto se advierte en su canción 'Oppskrift for Herrefolk' de su CD 'Gula Gula', la cual se encuentra en noruego, a diferencia de todas las demás canciones que están interpretadas en saami, la cual habla directamente acerca del odio y la discriminación e irónicamente recomienda formas para oprimir a las minorías. 'Utiliza la Biblia y la bayoneta'; 'Utiliza los artículos de la ley en contra de los derechos naturales'. Sus otras canciones son más positivas, generalmente tratan de la belleza de la tierra lapona. El título de la pista 'Gula Gula' le solicita al oyente recordar que 'la Tierra es nuestra madre'.
Mari canta en el tradicional estilo folklórico de los lapones, por lo que modula su voz y la acompaña con una amplia gama de instrumentos y percusión. En 'Gula Gula', por ejemplo, los instrumentos que se utilizan son tambores, guitarra, clarinete eléctrico, dozo n'koni, ganga, darboka, timbal, clarinete, piano, saz, bosoki, flauta, campanas, bajo, quena, charango y antara.

Discografía

Jaskatvuođa maŋŋá / Etter stillheten / Después del silencio (1985)

A.1. Alla Hearra Guhkkin Oslos
A.2. Oktavuohta
A.3. Ceavlas Galbma Garvvuid Sis(te)
A.4. Mearrasapmelazzii
A.5. Sii Navccahuhttet Mu
B.1. Idja Lea Mannan
B.2. Anuheapmi
B.3. Koffor E Det Sa Stille
B.4. Na Darvanii Jahkku *
B.5. Oainnat Go Mo Cuvggoda Dal

Gula Gula / Hør stammødrenes stemme / Escucha las voces de los antepasados (1989)

 Gula Gula (Escucha las voces de los antepasados)
 Vilges Suola (Ladrón blanco)
 Balu Badjel Go Vuoittán (Cuando gane contra el miedo)
 Du Lahka (Cerca de ti)
 It Šat Duolmma Mu (Libre al fin)
 Eadnan Bakti (A la mujer)
 Oppskrift For Herrefolk ('Receta para una carrera maestra')
 Duinne (A ti)
Canciones extra en la edición del 2005:
 Oarbbis Leat
 Cuovgi Liekkas
 Gula Gula - Chilluminati Mix

Goaskinviellja / Ørnebror / Hermano águila (1993)

 Čuvges Vuovttat, Duođalaš Čalbmi (El cabello de la luz, ojo solemne)
 Sámi Eatnan Duoddarat (Las tierras sami meciéndose en la tundra)
 Modjás Kátrin (Katrin, la que sonríe)
 Dás Áiggun Čuožžut (Sin mí)
 Dolgesuorbmagežiiguin (Un toque emplumado)
 Skádja (La resonancia)
 Goaskinviellja (Hermano águila)
 Ráhkesvuođain (Empluma al mundo)
 Mu Áhkku (Mi abuela)
 Ále Ále Don (No te vayas…tú no)

Leahkastin / Desplegado (1994)

 Gumppet Holvot (El aullido de los lobos)
 Ále Šat (No más)
 Čuovgi Liekkas (Calor radiante)
 Áhččai (A mi padre)
 Maid Áiggot Muinna Eallin (¿Qué es lo que quieres vida?)
 Mielahisvuohta (Locura, locura)
 Gilvve Gollát (Siembra tu oro)
 Gulan Du (Escuchádote)
 Vuolgge Mu Mielde Bassivárrái (Ven conmigo a la montaña secreta)
 Mun Da'han Lean Oaivámuš (Sólo cuando tuve...)
 Dá Lean Mun (Aquí estoy)

Calor radiante (1996)
(Compilación de 'Goaskinviellja' y 'Leahkastin')

 Goaskinviellja (Hermano águila)
 Ale Sat (No más)
 Cuovgi Liekkas (Calor radiante)
 Skádja (Resonancia)
 Cuvges Vuovttat, Duodalas Calbmi (El cabello de la luz, ojo solemne)
 Modjás Kátrin (Katrin, quien sonríe)
 Mielahisvuohta (Locura, locura)
 Gilvve Gollát (Siembra tu oro)
 Gulan Du (Escuchándote)
 Vuolgge Mu Mielde Bassivárrái (Ven conmigo a la montaña secreta)
 Ráhkesvuodain (Empluma al mundo)
 Mu Ahkku (Mi abuela)
 Ale Ale Don (No te vayas…tú no)

Eallin / Vida (1996)
(grabado en vivo)

 Mielahisvuohta (El estado de la mente cuando tu intelecto está desconectado)
 Dás Áiggun Čuožžut (Sin mí)
 Orbina (El huérfano)
 Gula Gula (Escucha la voz de los antepasados)
 Modjás Katrin (Katrin, quien sonríe)
 Eco (Eco)
 Skádja (Resonancia)
 Vuolgge Mu Mielde Bassivárrái (Ven conmigo a la montaña secreta)
 It Šat Duolmma Mu (Libre)
 Dutjne (A ti)

Bálvvoslatjna / El cuarto del culto (1998)

 Eallin (Vida)
 Beaivvi Nieida (Hija del Sol)
 Risten
 Girdi Olmmái / Geaidi Nissun (Hombre águila / Las mujeres cambiantes)
 Álddagasat Ipmilat (Dioses de la naturaleza)
 Oarjjabeal Beaivvi Ja Mánu (El oeste del Sol y la Luna)
 Mu Váhkar Lásse (Mi joven)
 Alit Go Buot Várit (Más alto que todas las montañas)
 Don It Galgan (No deberás)
 Etno Jenny (Etno Jenny)

Invierno en Moscú (2001)
(Mari Boine conInna Zhelannaya y Sergey Starostin)
 Dás Áiggun Cuožžut (Aquí me mantendré de pie)
 Pjesna Ljesorubov (Canción de los leñadores)
 Korridorsangen (La canción del corredor)
 Sjestra Maja Notsj (La noche es mi hermana)
 Vozlje Tvojej Ljobvi (Cerca de tu amor)
 Odinotsjestvo-Sestritsa (Hermana soledad)
 Roahkkadit Rohtte Luodi, Mánázan (¡Con orgullo, mi hijo!)
 Balada O Gorje (Balada del dolor)

Gávcci Jahkejuogu / Ocho temporadas (2002)
 Boađan Nuppi Bealde (Vine del otro lado)
 (Reagákeahtes) (Canción para el no-nacido )
 Sáráhka Viina (El vino de Sáráhka)
 Guovssahasaid Ájagáttis (Por la fuente de Aurora)
 Sielu Dálkkas (Medicina del alma)
 Mu Váibmu Vádjul Doppe (Himno)
 Beaivelottáš (Mariposa)
 Liegga Gokčas Sis' (En una manta de calidez)
 It Dieđe (Nunca sabes)
 Duottar Rássi (La flor de la tundra)
 Silba Várjala (Permite que la plata proteja)
 Bottoža Dáhtun (Déjame descansar)

Idjagieđas / I Nattens Hand / En la mano de la noche (2006)

 Vuoi Vuoi Mu (Vuoi Vuoi yo)
 Idjagieđas (En la mano de la noche)
 Suoivva (La sombra)
 Gos Bat Munno Čiŋat Leat? (¿A dónde se fueron nuestros colores?)
 Mu Ustit, Eŋgeliid Sogalaš (Mi amigo de la tribu ángel)
 Davvi Bávttiin (En las caídas del norte)
 Lottáš (Pequeño pájaro)
 Diamántta Spáillit (Reno de diamante)
 Geasuha (Irresistible)
 Áfruvvá (La sirena)
 Uldda Nieida (Niña Uldda)
 Fápmodálkkas (Gran medicina)

Kautokeino-opprøret (2008)
Banda sonora de la película Kautokeino-opprøret.
 Elen Skum
 Válddi vuoigna (El espíritu del poder)
 Deaivideapmi (Confrontación)
 Doaivut ja vuoimmehuvvat (Esperanza y derrota)

Čuovgga Áirras / Sterna Paradisea (2009)
 Lene Májjá
 Ipmiliin hálešteapmi (Conversación con Dios)
 Soagŋosilbbat (Joyería)
 Soria Moria Palássa (El palacio de Soria Moria)
 Čuovgga áirras (Sterna Paradisea)
 Claudiinna lávlla (La canción de Claudine)
 Skealbma (El travieso)
 Iđitveiggodettin (Amanecer)
 De mana, ráhkásan (A mi hija)
 Lihkahusat (Embelesado)
 Go idja nuossala (Cuando la noche casi termina)

También aparece en
 La guía para principiantes de Escandinavia (conjunto de tres discos, 2011)
Con Jan Garbarek
 Doce lunas (ECM, 1992)
 Mundo visible (ECM, 1995)

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 mariboine.no Página web oficial

 Mari Boine's entry en el Music Information Centre Norway
 Mari Boine interview at allaboutjazz

Cantantes femeninas de Noruega

Mari Boine


Gara Azomureș (deseori Târgu Mureș Sud) este o stație de cale ferată de tip haltă deschisă numai pentru traficul de călători, cu vânzător de bilete, care deservește zona industrială și comercială din partea sudică a municipiului Târgu Mureș, conglomerându-se în jurul combinatului de îngrășăminte azotoase.

Azomureș

Gara Azomureș


Die Raiffeisenbank München-Süd eG ist eine deutsche Genossenschaftsbank in der Rechtsform einer eingetragenen Genossenschaft mit Sitz in München.

Geschichte
Die 1924 als Spar- und Darlehenskassenverein Forstenried bei München und Umgebung eGmuH gegründete Raiffeisenbank München-Süd eG gehört zum Genossenschaftsverband Bayern.

Im Laufe der Zeit wurde die Bank mehrmals umbenannt: 1935 in Spar- und Darlehenskassenverein München-Forstenried und Umgebung eGmbH, 1947 in Raiffeisenkasse München Forstenried eGmuH, 1956 in Raiffeisenbank München-Forstenried eGmbH, 1974 in Raiffeisenbank München-Forstenried eG und 1993 in Raiffeisenbank München-Süd eG.

Die Bank wird im Genossenschaftsregister beim Amtsgericht München unter der Nummer 999 geführt.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Munchensud
Kreditinstitut (München)
Gegründet 1924
Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen als Namensgeber

Raiffeisenbank München-Süd


Stoor may refer to:

Stoor worm, or Mester Stoor Worm, was a gigantic evil sea serpent of Orcadian folklore
Stoor (Hobbit), a Middle-earth Hobbit. See Hobbit#Divisions
Fredrik Stoor (born 1984), a Swedish former professional footballer

Stoor


Meseta de Vračar es una meseta en Vračar, Belgrado, en el país europeo de Serbia, con una altitud absoluta de 134 metros sobre el nivel del mar.

La posición dominante en el paisaje urbano de Belgrado hizo de la meseta un lugar natural para el primer observatorio meteorológico en Serbia, la Estación Meteorológica de Belgrado, construida en 1891.

Hoy en día, en esta atracción turística se encuentra el templo de San Sava y el parque Karađorđev que incluye el monumento a Karađorđe Petrović, visible desde casi todos los accesos a la ciudad.

Véase también
Geografía de Serbia
Geografía de Europa

Referencias

Mesetas de Serbia

Meseta de Vračar


محند أعراب بسعود مناضل وطني جزائري خلال حرب الجزائر ومناضل من أجل القضية الأمازيغية. المؤسس الرئيس الأكاديمية البربرية أكراو ايمازيغن.
ولد يوم 24 ديسمبر 1924 بتكمونت الجديد في واضية إ حدى بلديات دائرة واضية التابعة لولاية تيزي وزو بالجزائر.

تشبع بالايديولوجية الوطنية الاستقلالية لمنظمة نجم شمال أفريقيا التي تأسست بباريس عام 1926 من طرف مجموعة من المناضلين والنقابيين القبائليين مثل عمار أماش وسي جيلاني وايت تودرت وبونون.

ترك موحاند مهنة التعليم والتحق بحزب الشعب الجزائري المؤسس من طرف مصالي الحاج ولاحقا بحركة انتصار الحريات الديمقراطية.
وبعد اندلاع حرب التحرير عام 1954 التحق بجيش التحرير الوطني.

منذ يناير 1955 عينه كريم بلقاسم مسؤولا عن منطقة القبائل وأصبح ضابطا حيث كان ناشطا بالولاية الثالثة ثم بالعاصمة الجزائر قبل أن يلتحق بالمغرب.

بعد الاستقلال أصبح من أكبر معارضي الحكومة الجديدة وقياديا بمقاومي حزب جبهة القوى الاشتراكية من 1963 إلى 1965.

ثم نفي إلى فرنسا حيث أسس عام 1966 بمعية أكاديميين ومثقفين أمازيغيين -مثل محمد أركون والطاوس عمروش -الأكاديمية البربرية من أجل الدفاع عن القضية الأمازيغية.

عام 1978 رضخت الحكومة الفرنسية لضغوطات الرئيس الجزائري هواري بومدين وابلغت لموحاند أراف رغبتها في مغادرتها لترابها ومنعت الأكاديمية البربرية.

استقر موحاند بإنجلترا إلى عودته إلى القبائل عام 1997 حيث خاض نضالا مريرا من أجل منحه جواز سفر وبطاقة مقاوم.

بعد إصابته بمرض باركنسون عاد إلى بريطانيا من أجل التدواي إلى أن وافته المنية يوم 1 يناير 2002 ودفن بقرية أكاودج بتيزي وزو وحضر جنازته العديد من الشخصيات السياسية والثقافية الجزائرية.

موحاند أعراب بسعود هو من وضع تصميم العلم الأمازيغي. وله كتب عديدة حول حرب الاستقلال الجزائرية والقضية الأمازيغية.

بيبليوغرافيا

Heureux les Martyrs qui n'ont rien vu : la vérité sur la mort du colonel Amirouche et de Abbane Ramdane, Berbères

1977 - L'Identité provisoire (Roman), Agraw Imazighene, Paris

2000 - Des Petites Gens pour une grande cause. L'histoire de l'Académie berbère (1966

مراجع

انظر أيضا
 الأكاديمية البربرية
 علم الأمازيغ

أشخاص من ولاية تيزي وزو
جبهة التحرير الوطني الجزائرية
جزائريون مهاجرون في فرنسا
سياسيون جزائريون
فرنسيون مهاجرون إلى المملكة المتحدة
قبائليون
كتاب أمازيغ
كتاب وكاتبات جزائريون
مواليد 1343 هـ
مواليد 1924
مواليد في منطقة القبائل
ناشطون أمازيغ
وفيات 1422 هـ
وفيات 2002
وفيات في منطقة القبائل

محند أعراب بسعود


Paolo Baroni est un acteur italien né à Castelnuovo di Val di Cecina, en Toscane, le .

Biographie
Acteur à l'apparence élancée et dégingandée, au regard étonné (mis en valeur par ses lunettes) et à l'accent toscan particulier, il a fait ses débuts avec Federico Fellini et travaillé avec Dino Risi. En plus de sa carrière d'acteur au cinéma, Paolo Baroni est connu du public à la télévision, principalement parce qu'il joue le rôle du majordome dans l'émission Porta a Porta de Bruno Vespa, diffusée sur Rai Uno, depuis le premier épisode en 1996.

Un de ses rôles notables dans sa carrière cinématographique est le personnage du jeune marquis snob joué dans le film Sapore di mare de Carlo Vanzina et sa suite, réalisée par Bruno Cortini.

Filmographie partielle
 1971 : Les Clowns (I clowns) de Federico Fellini : clown blanc (non crédité)
 1973 : Amarcord de Federico Fellini : un étudiant (non crédité)
 1976 : La Carrière d'une femme de chambre (Telefoni bianchi) de Dino Risi : Gabriellino
 1976 : Le Bataillon en folie (Sturmtruppen) de Salvatore Samperi : un soldat
 1977 : Les Nouveaux Monstres (I nuovi mostri) de Mario Monicelli : le prêtre (sketch Tantum ergo)
 1979 : Pardon, vous êtes normal ? (Scusi lei è normale?) d'Umberto Lenzi : Le garçon aux lunettes
 1980 : Plus il est con, plus il s'en donne l'air de Neri Parenti et Paolo Villaggio
 1981 : Fantôme d'amour (Fantasma d'amore) de Dino Risi : Ressi
 1982 : Ensemble, c'est un bordel... séparés, un désastre  (Quando la coppia scoppia) de Steno : un collègue d'Enrico
 1982 : Sapore di mare de Carlo Vanzina : le jeune Pucci
 1983 : Vacanze di Natale de Carlo Vanzina : Collosecco
 1987 : Les Yeux noirs (russe : Очи чёрные, italien : Oci ciornie) de Nikita Mikhalkov : Manlio, le mari de Tina
 1988 : Le Petit Diable (Il piccolo diavolo) de Roberto Benigni : Saverio
 1991 : Rossini! Rossini! de Mario Monicelli : Michotte

Notes et références

Liens externes

Acteur italien du XXe siècle
Naissance en septembre 1945
Naissance dans la province de Pise

Paolo Baroni


An Carex rhizina in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Mathias Numsen Blytt ngan Lindblom. An Carex rhizina in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 C. r. reventa
 C. r. rhizina

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Carex

Carex rhizina


La mesorregión Macro Metropolitana Paulista es una de las quince mesorregiones del estado brasileño de São Paulo. Es formada por la unión de 36 municipios agrupados en cuatro microrregiones.

Microrregiones
 Bragança Paulista
 Jundiaí
 Piedade
 Sorocaba

Véase también
 Aeropuerto de Sorocaba
 Diócesis de Bragança Paulista
 Diócesis de Jundiaí
 Arquidiócesis de Sorocaba

Mesorregiones de São Paulo

Mesorregión Macro Metropolitana Paulista


Atlas Okyanusu veya Atlantik Okyanusu, 106.460.000 km2 yüzölçümü ile Dünya'nın en büyük ikinci okyanusudur. Dünya yüzeyinin yaklaşık %20'sini ve Dünya'nın su yüzeyinin yaklaşık %29'unu kaplar. Bir zamanlar tek parça olan ana kıtanın bölünmesiyle oluşmuştur. Avrupa ve Afrika'yı Amerika'dan ayırır. Avrupalı bakış açısıyla "Eski Dünya"yı "Yeni Dünya"dan ayırdığı kabul edilir.

Ortalama derinliği 3.314 metre olan okyanusun en derin noktası Porto Riko Çukuru'dur. Ayrıca dünyanın en uzun okyanus sıradağı olan Orta Atlas Sırtı bu okyanusta bulunur. 106,400,000 kilometre kare alana sahiptir ve yeryüzünün beşte bir alanını kaplar. Atlas Okyanusuna Avrupa'dan Ren, Elbe; Afrika'dan Kongo ve Nijer; Amerika'dan St. Lawrence, Mississippi, Orinoco, Amazon, Parana ve Uruguay nehirleri dökülür.

Kaynakça

Ayrıca bakınız
 Okyanusların sınırları

Dış bağlantılar

 www.cartage.org.lb
 "Map of Atlantic Coast of North America from the Chesapeake Bay to Florida"  from 1639 via the World Digital Library

Okyanuslar

Atlas Okyanusu


Hrabovčík este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Svidník din regiunea Prešov. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 344 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Hrabovčík este atestată documentar din 1548.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Hrabovčík


Rockul britanic este un termen generic utilizat pentru o mare varietate de forme de muzică provenind din Regatul Unit. Începând cu 1964, cu " invazia britanică" a Statelor Unite în frunte cu Beatles, muzica rock britanică a avut un impact considerabil asupra dezvoltării muzicii americane și a muzicii rock din întreaga lume.

Încercările inițiale de a imita rock and rollul american au avut loc în Marea Britanie la mijlocul anilor '50, dar termenii "muzică rock" și "rock" se referă de obicei la muzica derivată din blues-rock și alte genuri apărute în anii '60. Termenul este adesea folosit în combinație cu alți termeni pentru a descrie o varietate de hibrizi sau subgenuri și este adesea contrastat cu muzica pop, cu care împărtășește multe structuri și instrumente. Muzica rock a avut tendința de a fi mai orientată către piața albumelor, punând accent pe inovație, virtuozitate, performanță și scrierea cântecelor de către interpreți.

Deși mult prea divers pentru a fi un gen în sine, rock-ul britanic a produs multe dintre cele mai semnificative grupuri și interpreți în muzică rock la nivel internațional și a inițiat sau a dezvoltat semnificativ multe dintre cele mai influente subgenenuri, incluzând beat, rock progresiv, art rock, hard rock, heavy metal, punk, post-punk, new romantic și indie rock.

Note

Stiluri de muzică britanică

Rock britanic


Tathāgata () is a Pali and Sanskrit word; Gautama Buddha uses it when referring to himself or other Buddhas in the Pāli Canon.  Likewise, in the Mahayana corpus, it is an epithet of Shakyamuni Buddha and the other celestial buddhas.  The term is often thought to mean either "one who has thus gone" (tathā-gata), "one who has thus come" (tathā-āgata), or sometimes "one who has thus not gone" (tathā-agata). This is interpreted as signifying that the Tathāgata is beyond all coming and going – beyond all transitory phenomena. There are, however, other interpretations and the precise original meaning of the word is not certain.

The Buddha is quoted on numerous occasions in the Pali Canon as referring to himself as the Tathāgata instead of using the pronouns me, I or  myself. This may be meant to emphasize by implication that the teaching is uttered by one who has transcended the human condition, one beyond the otherwise endless cycle of rebirth and death, i.e. beyond dukkha.

Etymology and interpretation
The word's original significance is not known and there has been speculation about it since at least the time of Buddhaghosa, who gives eight interpretations of the word, each with different etymological support, in his commentary on the Digha Nikaya, the Sumangalavilasini:
 He who has arrived in such fashion, i.e. who has worked his way upwards to perfection for the world's good in the same fashion as all previous Buddhas.
 He who walked in such fashion, i.e. (a) he who at birth took the seven equal steps in the same fashion as all previous Buddhas or (b) he who in the same way as all previous Buddhas went his way to Buddhahood through the four Jhanas and the Paths.
 He who by the path of knowledge has come at the real essentials of things.
 He who has won Truth.
 He who has discerned Truth.
 He who declares Truth.
 He whose words and deeds accord.
 The great physician whose medicine is all-potent.

Modern scholarly opinion generally opines that Sanskrit grammar offers at least two possibilities for breaking up the compound word: either tathā and āgata (via a sandhi rule ā + ā → ā), or tathā and gata. Tathā means "thus" in Sanskrit and Pali, and Buddhist thought takes this to refer to what is called "reality as-it-is" (yathābhūta). This reality is also referred to as "thusness" or "suchness" (tathatā), indicating simply that it (reality) is what it is.

Tathāgata is defined as someone who "knows and sees reality as-it-is" (yathā bhūta ñāna dassana). Gata ("gone") is the past passive participle of the verbal root gam ("go, travel"). Āgata ("come") is the past passive participle of the verb meaning "come, arrive". In this interpretation, Tathāgata means literally either "the one who has gone to suchness" or "the one who has arrived at suchness".

Another interpretation, proposed by the scholar Richard Gombrich, is based on the fact that, when used as a suffix in compounds, -gata will often lose its literal meaning and signifies instead "being". Tathāgata would thus mean  "one like that", with no motion in either direction.

According to Fyodor Shcherbatskoy, the term has a non-Buddhist origin, and is best understood when compared to its usage in non-Buddhist works such as the Mahabharata. Shcherbatskoy gives the following example from the Mahabharata (Shantiparva, 181.22): "Just as the footprints of birds (flying) in the sky and fish (swimming) in water cannot be seen, Thus (tātha) is going (gati) of those who have realized the Truth."

The French author René Guénon, in an essay distinguishing between Pratyēka-Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, writes that the former appear outwardly superior to the latter, simply because they are allowed to remain impassible, whereas the latter must in some sense appear to rediscover "a way" or at least recapitulate it, so that others, too, may "go that way," hence tathā-gata.

The nature of a Tathāgata

A number of passages affirm that a Tathāgata is "immeasurable", "inscrutable", "hard to fathom", and "not apprehended". A tathāgata has abandoned that clinging to the skandhas (personality factors) that render citta (the mind) a bounded, measurable entity, and is instead "freed from being reckoned by" all or any of them, even in life. The aggregates of form, feeling, perception, mental formations, and cognizance that compose personal identity have been seen to be dukkha (a burden), and an enlightened individual is one with "burden dropped".The Buddha explains "that for which a monk has a latent tendency, by that is he reckoned, what he does not have a latent tendency for, by that is he not reckoned. These tendencies are ways in which the mind becomes involved in and clings to conditioned phenomena. Without them, an enlightened person cannot be "reckoned" or "named"; he or she is beyond the range of other beings, and cannot be "found" by them, even by gods, or Mara. In one passage, Sariputta states that the mind of the Buddha cannot be "encompassed" even by him.

The Buddha and Sariputta, in similar passages, when confronted with speculation as to the status of an arahant after death, bring their interlocutors to admit that they cannot even apprehend an arahant that is alive. As Sariputta puts it, his questioner Yamaka "can't pin down the Tathagata as a truth or reality even in the present life." These passages imply that condition of the arahant, both before and after parinirvana, lies beyond the domain where the descriptive powers of ordinary language are at home; that is, the world of the skandhas and the greed, hatred, and delusion that are "blown out" with nirvana.

In the Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta, an ascetic named Vaccha questions the Buddha on a variety of metaphysical issues. When Vaccha asks about the status of a tathagata after death, the Buddha asks him in which direction a fire goes when it has gone out. Vaccha replies that the question "does not fit the case ... For the fire that depended on fuel ... when that fuel has all gone, and it can get no other, being thus without nutriment, it is said to be extinct." The Buddha then explains: "In exactly the same way ..., all form by which one could predicate the existence of the saint, all that form has been abandoned, uprooted, pulled out of the ground like a palmyra-tree, and become non-existent and not liable to spring up again in the future. The saint ... who has been released from what is styled form is deep, immeasurable, unfathomable, like the mighty ocean." The same is then said of the other aggregates. A variety of similar passages make it clear that the metaphor "gone out, he cannot be defined" (atthangato so na pamanam eti) refers equally to liberation in life. In the Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta itself, it is clear that the Buddha is the subject of the metaphor, and the Buddha has already "uprooted" or "annihilated" the five aggregates. In Sn 1074, it is stated that the sage cannot be "reckoned" because he is freed from the category "name" or, more generally, concepts. The absence of this precludes the possibility of reckoning or articulating a state of affairs; "name" here refers to the concepts or apperceptions that make propositions possible.

Nagarjuna expressed this understanding in the nirvana chapter of his Mulamadhyamakakarika: "It is not assumed that the Blessed One exists after death. Neither is it assumed that he does not exist, or both, or neither. It is not assumed that even a living Blessed One exists. Neither is it assumed that he does not exist, or both, or neither."

Speaking within the context of Mahayana Buddhism (specifically the Perfection of Wisdom sutras), Edward Conze writes that the term 'tathagata' denotes inherent true selfhood within the human being:

Five Tathāgatas

In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Five Tathāgatas (pañcatathāgata) or Five Wisdom Tathāgatas (Chinese: ; pinyin: Wǔzhì Rúlái), the Five Great Buddhas, and the Five Jinas (Sanskrit for "conqueror" or "victor"), are emanations and representations of the five qualities of the Adi-Buddha or "first Buddha" Vairocana or Vajradhara, which is associated with the Dharmakāya.

The Five Wisdom Buddhas are a development of the Buddhist Tantras, and later became associated with the trikaya or "three body" theory of Buddhahood. While in the Tattvasaṃgraha Tantra there are only four Buddha families, the full Diamond Realm mandala with five Buddhas first appears in the Vajrasekhara Sutra. The Vajrasekhara also mentions a sixth Buddha, Vajradhara, "a Buddha (or principle) seen as the source, in some sense, of the five Buddhas."

The Five Buddhas are aspects of the dharmakaya "dharma-body", which embodies the principle of enlightenment in Buddhism.

When these Buddhas are represented in mandalas, they may not always have the same colour or be related to the same directions. In particular, Akshobhya and Vairocana may be switched. When represented in a Vairocana mandala, the Buddhas are arranged like this:

The Seven Buddhas of Antiquity

In the earliest strata of Pali Buddhist texts, especially in the first four Nikāyas, only the following seven Buddhas, the Seven Buddhas of Antiquity (Sattatathāgata, or "The Seven Tathāgatas"), are explicitly mentioned and named. Of these, four are from the current kappa (kalpa) and three are from past ones.

 Vipassī (lived ninety-one kappas ago)
 Sikhī  (lived thirty-one kappas ago)
 Vessabhū (lived thirty-one kappas ago in the same kappa as Sikhī)
 Kakusandha (the first Buddha of the current bhaddakappa)
 Koṇāgamana (the second Buddha of the current bhaddakappa)
 Kassapa (the third Buddha of the current bhaddakappa)
 Gotama (the fourth and present Buddha of the current bhaddakappa

One sutta called Cakkavatti-Sīhanāda Sutta from an early Buddhist text called the Dĩgha Nikãya also mentions that following the Seven Buddhas of Antiquity, a Buddha named Metteyya (Maitreya) is predicted to arise in the world.

However, according to a text in the Theravada Buddhist tradition from a later strata (between the 1st and 2nd century BCE) called the Buddhavaṃsa, twenty-one more Buddhas were added to the list of seven names in the early texts. Theravada tradition maintains that there can be up to five Buddhas in a kappa or world age and that the current kappa has had four Buddhas, with the current Buddha, Gotama, being the fourth and the future Buddha Metteyya being the fifth and final Buddha of the kappa. This would make the current aeon a bhaddakappa ("bhadrakalpa", fortunate aeon). In some Sanskrit and northern Buddhist traditions, however, a bhadrakalpa has up to 1,000 Buddhas, with the Buddhas Gautama and Maitreya also being the fourth and fifth Buddhas of the kalpa, respectively.

See also
 Nyorai
 Nirvana
 Enlightenment (religious)
 Buddhism and Hinduism
Buddhahood
Sugata
 Tathagatagarbha
 Tathagatagarbha Sutra

References

External links
12. Vision of the Universe Abhirati and the Tathagata Aksobhya from Vimalakirti Nirdesa Sutra

Epithets of Gautama Buddha
Buddhist philosophical concepts
Buddha-nature

Tathāgata


Volonja pepeljak (sedmoškrg, lat. Heptranchias perlo), vrsta morskoga psa iz porodice volon ja Hexanchidae. Jedna je od dvije vrsate u redu volonjki, koji žive u Jadranu, i to na dubinama od 300 do 1000 metara.

Opis
Naraste do 1,4 metra dužine i može težiti do 100kg težine. Zbijenog je tijela, široke i tupe glave. Gornji dio repne peraje zauzima mu trećinu ukupne dužine. S gornje strane je tamnosive boje, a s donje strane bijele. Ima sedam škržnih otvora, pa ga nazivaju i sedmoškrg. Hrani se svim vrstama organizama.

Na poldručju Hrvatske kažnjivo ga je namjerno ubijati.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Volonjke

Volonja pepeljak


Rolabogan fue un grupo de música pop argentino, formado en la serie de televisión El Refugio. Los miembros originales son  Piru Sáez, Belén Scalella, María Fernanda Neil, Francisco Bass y Jorge Maggio. En poco tiempo de su salida en Argentina su primer disco consiguieron más de 10.000 copias  A pesar de que nunca se separó oficialmente, Rolabogan no ha grabado más álbumes.

Integrantes

Discografía
Álbumes de Estudio
2006: Rolabogan

Sencillos
" Bailo "
" No Voy a Parar "
" Motivos "
" Cada Puesta de Sol "

Referencias

Grupos de música de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
Grupos de rock de Argentina
Grupos de pop de Argentina

Rolabogan


El jakalteko o jakalteko-popti' es un pueblo de origen mayense localizado en la zona que comprende la frontera entre el estado de Chiapas en el sur de México y el departamento de Huehuetenango en el noroeste de Guatemala. Son un pueblo que desde la época precolombina se ha desarrollado historicamente entre los limites actuales de ambos paises, principalmente en torno al municipio de Jacaltenango, lugar donde se originó culturalmente la etnia jakalteka, ubicado en las faldas de las montañas de los Cuchumatanes en el departamento de Huehuetenango cercano a la frontera con México. Al momento de establecerse los limites territoriales entre México y Guatemala la población jakalteka quedo dividida en ambos lados de la frontera.

El nombre jakalteko proviene del idioma náhuatl y quiere decir "personas de los jacales".

Idioma
El idioma jakalteko, también llamado popti' es una lengua mayense perteneciente al grupo kanjobaleano emparentada cercanamente al idioma akateko y q'anjob'al.

Historia
De acuerdo a evidencia arqueológica, el sitio prehispánico de El Lagartero en Chiapas, México fue habitado y desarrollado por población jakalteka. Esta ciudad fue ocupada entre los años 300 al 1400 d.c. en lo que corresponde a los periodos clásico tardío y postclásico temprano de mesoamérica.

Poco después de que se firmaran los tratados de límites territoriales entre México y Guatemala, la región del Soconusco fue transformada en una región muy productiva, a partir de la inversión de recursos extranjeros en el cultivo del café, que había iniciado en años anteriores cuya gran parte de la mano obra era la población jakalteka. En la recién establecida línea fronteriza y por las oportunidades laborales muchos indígenas jakaltekos originarios de Huehuetenango decidieron establecerse en México junto a los jakaltekos que habían quedado en Chiapas al marcarse la frontera, naturalizandose como ciudadanos mexicanos al poco tiempo.

En el inicio de la presidencia del General Lázaro Cárdenas, se levantaron solicitudes para convertir los terrenos nacionales donde se encontraban fincas ganaderas y cafetaleras en ejidos que pasaran a ser administrados y propiedad de los popti'-jakaltekos. Las gestiones fueron arduas, pero casi al final del mandato del General Lázaro Cárdenas, se logró este propósito.

En 1982, debido al conflicto de la guerra civil de Guatemala, llegó a Chiapas más población jakalteka proveniente de Huehuetenango en busca de refugio, la mayoría pasando a habitar permanentemente las comunidades jakaltekas y ejidos propiedad de los jakaltekos-popti' establecidos en la antigüedad, otros migraron al estado de Campeche donde fundaron nuevas comunidades.

Medicina tradicional
A los curanderos se les conoce tradicionalmente como Han-Lom, quienes, según la tradición oral, adquieren sus conocimientos a través de sueños en los que reciben señales y revelaciones divinas que le proporcionan el conocimiento para sanar.

Asentamientos de las Civilizaciones Jakaltecas
Durante muchos años, esta área fue física y culturalmente más distantes de los centros españoles en Guatemala. El viaje de 72 km de Huehuetenango era una caminata de dos días. Desde 1974, cuando un camino de tierra se construyó a partir de la Carretera Panamericana a Jacaltenango, ha sido un viaje en autobús de cinco horas desde Huehuetenango a Jacaltenango. La electricidad llegó a la ciudad en 1979.

Tradiciones
Este relativo aislamiento ha dado lugar a la preservación de muchas costumbres de la comunidad que se han perdido en otros lugares. Por ejemplo, los jakaltecos aún utilizan la cerbatana para cazar pequeños pájaros.

Creencias
Los jakaltekos también mantienen un sistema de creencias que implica naguales y Tonalá.<ref>* Stratmeyer, Dennis & Jean , 1977,"The Jacaltec Nawal and the Soul Bearer in Concepcion Huista", in Cognitive Studies of Southern Mesoamerica, Helen L. Neuenschander and Dean E. Arnold eds.,Summer Institute of Linguistics, Museum of Anthropology Publication 3</ref,mñmokñlklfj´wljfo`+whier`0hyou4wjbhou4u'>

Referencias

Pueblos mayenses
Pueblos indígenas de Centroamérica
Etnias de Guatemala
Pueblos indígenas de Guatemala
Etnias de México
Pueblos indígenas de México

Jakalteko (etnia)


Panering er tilberedning af fødevare, hvor kød eller fisk vendes i rasp eller mel, inden det bliver pandestegt. For at få paneringen til at hænge bedre fast vendes kødet/fisken typisk i æg inden paneringen.
Stegning

Panering


An Juncus anthelatus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Karl McKay Wiegand, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni R.E.Brooks och Whittem.. An Juncus anthelatus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Juncus, ngan familia nga Juncaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Juncus

Juncus anthelatus


est un giallo italo-hispanique réalisé par José Luis Madrid et sorti en 1972.

Il s'inspire des meurtres de Jack l'Éventreur, ici représenté comme un cannibale.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre original espagnol :
 Titre italien :
 Réalisateur : José Luis Madrid
 Scénario : , José Luis Madrid,
 Photographie : Diego Ubeda
 Montage : Luis Puigvert
 Musique : Piero Piccioni
 Maquillage : Manolita Novoa
 Production : Jim Delavena
 Société de production : Cinefilms, International Apollo Films
 Pays de production :  -
 Langue originale : espagnol
 Format : Couleur par Eastmancolor - 2,35:1 - Son mono - 35 mm
 Durée : 87 minutes ()
 Genre : Giallo
 Dates de sortie :
 Espagne :
 Italie :

Distribution
 Paul Naschy : Bruno Doriani
 Patricia Loran : Lulu
 Renzo Marignano : Inspecteur Henry Campbell
 Orchidea De Santis : Sandy Christian
 Andrés Resino : Winston Darby Christian
 Irene Mir Belinda
 Franco Borelli : Détective Hawkins
 Victor Iregua :
 Teresita Castizio :
 Carmen Roger : Violeta
 Miguel Minuesa : Superintendant Chambers
 Isidoro Novellas : Mile

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film espagnol sorti en 1972
Film italien sorti en 1972
Film réalisé par José Luis Madrid
Film policier espagnol
Film policier italien
Film d'horreur espagnol
Film d'horreur italien
Giallo
Film sur le cannibalisme
Film en espagnol
Film italien tourné en espagnol
Film se déroulant à Londres
Film tourné à Londres
Film biographique sur un tueur en série
Film avec une musique composée par Piero Piccioni
Jack l'Éventreur dans l'art et la culture
Film se déroulant dans les années 1880

Jack el destripador de Londres


Johann Jakob Wettstein (also Wetstein; 5 March 1693 – 23 March 1754) was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.

Biography

Youth and study
Johann Jakob Wettstein was born in Basel. Among his tutors in theology was Samuel Werenfels (1657–1740), an influential anticipator of modern critical exegesis. While still a student, Wettstein began to direct his attention to the special pursuit of his life, the text of the Greek New Testament. A relative, Johann Wettstein, who was the university librarian, gave him permission to examine and collate the principal manuscripts of the New Testament in the library, and he copied the various readings which they contained into his copy of Gerard of Maastricht's edition of the Greek text.

In 1713 in his public examination he defended a dissertation entitled De variis Novi Testamenti lectionibus, and sought to show that variety of readings did not detract from the authority of the Bible. Wettstein paid great attention also to Aramaic and Talmudic Hebrew. In the spring of 1714 he undertook an academic tour, which led him to Paris and England, the great object of his inquiry everywhere being to examine manuscripts of the New Testament. In 1716 he made the acquaintance of Richard Bentley at the University of Cambridge; Bentley took great interest in his work and persuaded him to return to Paris to collate carefully the Codex Ephraemi, Bentley having then in view a critical edition of the New Testament.

Basel
In July 1717 Wettstein returned to take the office of a deacon at large (diaconus communis) at Basel, a post which he held for three years, after which he became his father's colleague and successor in the parish of St Leonard's. At the same time he pursued his favorite study, and gave private lectures on New Testament exegesis. It was then that he decided to prepare a critical edition of the Textus Receptus (Greek New Testament). He had in the meantime broken with Bentley, whose famous Proposals appeared in 1720, based upon methodological issues.

Doubts had been swirling about Wettstein's orthodoxy as early as the publication of his thesis in 1713, and he ultimately fell under suspicion of Socinianism when he was unwilling to defend the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. In 1728 his one-time friend and mentor Johann Ludwig Frey accused Wettstein of using textual criticism as a means of advancing Socinian theology, which was investigated by a committee of clergy at Basel. The charge was formally upheld and he was ultimately dismissed, in 1730, from his position at St. Leonhard's.

Amsterdam
He then moved from Basel to Amsterdam, where another relative, Johann Heinrich Wettstein (1649–1726), had an important printing and publishing business. Here editions of the classics were being published, as well as Gerard of Maastricht's edition of the Greek Testament. Wettstein had begun to print an edition of the Greek Testament, but this was suddenly stopped for some unknown reason. As soon as he reached Amsterdam, in 1730, he published anonymously the Prolegomena ad Novi Testamenti Graeci editionem, which he had proposed should accompany his Greek Testament, and which was later republished by him, with additions, in 1751. The next year (1731) the Remonstrants offered him the chair of philosophy in their college at Amsterdam, vacated by the illness of Jean Leclerc, on condition that he clear himself of the suspicion of heresy. He returned to Basel, and received a reversal (22 March 1732) of the previous decision, and re-admission to all his clerical offices. But, on his becoming a candidate for the Hebrew chair at Basel, his orthodox opponents blocked his appointment, and he retired to Amsterdam.

At length, he was allowed to instruct the Remonstrant students in philosophy and Hebrew on certain humiliating conditions. For the rest of his life he continued as professor in the Remonstrant college, declining in 1745 the Greek chair at Basel. In 1746 he once more visited England, and collated Syriac manuscripts for his final, great work. At last this appeared in 1751–1752, in two folio volumes, under the title Novum Testamentum Graecum editionis receptae cum lectionibus variantibus codicum manuscripts, etc. He did not venture to put new readings in the body of his page, but consigned them to a place between the Textus Receptus and the full list of various readings. Beneath the latter he gave a commentary, consisting principally of a mass of valuable illustrations and parallels drawn from classical and rabbinical literature, which has formed a storehouse for all later commentators. In his Prolegomena he gave an admirable methodical account of the manuscripts, the versions and the readings of the fathers, as well as the troubled story of the difficulties with which he had had to contend in the prosecution of the work of his life. He was the first to designate uncial manuscripts by Roman capitals, and cursive manuscripts by Arabic figures. He did not long survive the completion of this work. He died in Amsterdam.

Work
Wettstein rendered service to textual criticism by his collection of various readings and his methodical account of the manuscripts and other sources.

Through his laborious study of Codex Alexandrinus, he believed he found misinterpretations or calculated mistakes of New Testament written in Greek. He came under particular fire for disputing the passage of 1 Timothy 3:16, believing the original reading to be "which was manifest in the flesh," rather than "God was manifest in the flesh." Through his studies he developed an increasingly critical attitude on textual matters and their relationship to doctrinal issues. Yet during the latter years of his life, he adopted the position that the oldest extant Greek manuscripts had been corrupted by influence of the Latin, resulting in his loss of confidence in those ancient copies, including Alexandrinus. Between 1751 and 1752 his Prolegomena and Novum Testamentum Graecum was published. Its base text was the 1624 version of the Elzevir Textus Receptus, with minor changes, with his preferred reading noted in the apparatus.

Some opponents considered his work to be less valuable because of his prejudice against the Latin version and the principle of grouping manuscripts in families which had been recommended by Richard Bentley and J. A. Bengel.

Wettstein gives an account of his labours and trials in his Nov. Test. i.: 1751. Novum Testamentum Græcum editionis receptæ, cum Lectionibus Variantibus Codicum MSS., Editionum aliarum, Versionum et Patrum, necnon Commentario pleniore ex Scriptoribus veteribus, Hebræis, Græcis, et Latinis, historiam et vim verborum illustrante, in two volumes. Amsterdam: Amstelædami. Reprinted in 1962 by Graz, Austria: Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt.

Works

References

External links

 Novum Testamentum Graecum (Amsterdam 1751)

1693 births
1754 deaths
People from Basel-Stadt
Swiss Protestant theologians
New Testament scholars
Remonstrants
Arminian theologians
Swiss biblical scholars
Fellows of the Royal Society
Textual scholarship

Johann Jakob Wettstein


Biserica reformată din Ceuașu de Câmpie este un ansamblu de monumente istorice aflat pe teritoriul satului Ceuașu de Câmpie, comuna Ceuașu de Câmpie.

Ansamblul este format din trei monumente:
 Biserica reformată ()
 Turn-clopotniță ()
 Zid de incintă ()

Note

Monumente istorice din județul Mureș
Biserici reformate din România
Biserici din județul Mureș
Biserici din secolul al XVI-lea din România

Biserica reformată din Ceuașu de Câmpie


Nordmakedonsk Superliga i håndbold er mændenes toprække i håndbold i Nordmakedonien.

Se også
 Nordmakedonsk Førsteliga i håndbold (kvinder)

Eksterne henvisninger
 Det makedonske håndboldforbund
 Makedonien Håndbold Forum
 Balkan håndboldforbund

Superliga i håndbold (mænd)
Håndboldturneringer

Nordmakedonsk Superliga i håndbold (mænd)


Oiseaux de paradis (Birds of Paradise) est un film américain réalisé par , sorti en 2021.

Synopsis
Kate Sanders est une étudiante nouvellement arrivée dans une prestigieuse académie de ballet à Paris. Le premier jour, elle fait un commentaire sur Ollie, un ancien élève de l'école qui s'est suicidé en sautant d'un pont. Cela pousse la sœur d'Ollie, Marine Durand, à s'en prendre à elle.

Fiche technique
 Titre : Birds of Paradise
 Réalisation : Sarah Adina Smith
 Scénario : Sarah Adina Smith d'après le roman d'A. K. Small
 Musique : Ellen Reid
 Photographie : Shaheen Seth
 Montage : David Barker
 Production : Trevor Adley, Jonako Donley, Dara Gordon et Sarah Adina Smith
 Société de production : Amazon Studios, Anonymous Content, Big Indie Pictures et Everything Is Everything
 Pays :
 Genre : Drame
 Durée : 113 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
Prime Video :

Distribution
 Kristine Frøseth  : Marine Élise Durand
 Diana Silvers : Kate Sanders
 Caroline Goodall  : Céline Durand, la mère de Marine
 Eva Lomby : Gia
 Jacqueline Bisset : Madame Brunelle
 Toby Huss : Scott Sanders
  : Felipe
 Solomon Golding : Luc
 Alice Dardenne : Claire
 Didier Flamand : Francis Chevalier
  : Valentine Louvet
 Gaetan Vermeulen : Jean-Paul
 Osiel Gouneo : Benjamin
 Nassim Si Ahmed : Jamal
  : Sarah Barinelli
 Madeleine Green : Isabelle
 Roger Barclay  : Lucien, le père de Marine

Accueil
Le film a reçu un accueil mitigé de la critique. Il obtient un score moyen de 57 % sur Metacritic.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film américain sorti en 2021
Film dramatique américain
Film d'Amazon Studios
Film d'Anonymous Content
Film se déroulant à Paris
Adaptation d'un roman américain au cinéma
Film de ballet

Oiseaux de paradis


عمالة مقاطعات سيدي البرنوصي هي إحدى عمالات مقاطعات ضمن عمالة الدار البيضاء تغطي مساحة 38.59 كيلومتر مربع (14.9 ميل مربع) وبعداد سكاني يقدر 453,552 نسمة في عام 2004. وتقسم إلى مقاطعة سيدي البرنوصي و مقاطعة سيدي مومن. لديها نادي كرة قدم باسم نادي الرشاد البرنوصي أنشئ في عام 1961. تعود تسمية سيدي البرنوصي إلى الولي الصالح سيدي البرنوصي الذي حط الرحال بمنطقة زناتة قادما إليها من المشرق الإسلامي«العراق» حيث ظل يعيش بها إلى أن وافته المنية ودفن ولا زال ضريحه قائما إلى الآن في شمال شرق المقاطعة التي تسمى باسمه.

أشخاص بارزين
بوشعيب المباركي
يوسف سفري

مراجع

الدار البيضاء
عمالة الدار البيضاء

مديريات الدار البيضاء

عمالة مقاطعات سيدي البرنوصي


Lopes Dias ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Emmy Lopes Dias (1919–2005), niederländische Schauspielerin
 Joaquim Wladimir Lopes Dias (* 1957), brasilianischer Geistlicher, Bischof von Lorena

Lopes Dias


Tottenham Hotspur Stadium je od 2019. godine stadion engleskog nogometnog kluba Tottenham Hotspur F.C. zamijenivši White Hart Lane. Kapacitet stadiona iznosi 62.214, čime je ovaj stadion 3. najveći nogometni stadion u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu (1. Wembley, 2. Old Trafford) i 2. najveći nogometni stadion u Londonu. Stadionovo trenutačno ime, Tottenham Hotspur Stadium, je privremeno. Klub namjerava prodati prava imenovanja, tako da će stadion biti nazvan po sponzoru. Navijači i neki mediji povremeno zovu stadion New White Hart Lane.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Službena web stranica Tottenham Hotspura

Nogometni stadioni u Londonu

Tottenham Hotspur Stadium


Gizela Burgundska (1075. – 1135.) bila je savojska grofica i monferatska markiza. Njezin je otac bio Vilim I., burgundski grof.

Godine 1090., Gizela se udala za grofa Umberta II. Savojskog te mu je rodila Adelajdu, koja je postala supruga francuskog kralja Luja VI., dok je Gizelin i Umbertov sin bio Amadeus III. Savojski.

Gizelin drugi suprug bio je Rainier Monferatski.
 Francusko plemstvo

Gizela Burgundska, monferatska markiza


Alpha și Omega 5: Vacanță în familie (engleză Alpha and Omega 5: Family Vacation) este un film animat american de aventură/acțiune/comedie, regizat de Richard Rich și lansat de Lionsgate Films. Acesta reprezintă a patra continuare a francizei de filme Alpha și Omega. Filmul a apărut pentru prima oară în Mexic pe canalul Discovery Kids pe 28 martie 2015, urmând ca apoi să fie lansat în lumea întreagă pe DVD pe 4 august 2015.

Recenziile fanilor către film au fost pozitive, aceștia mărturisind că filmul și-a cunoscut așteptările și numindu-l a doua cea mai bună continuare a francizei. Însă, scena de sfârșit a fost criticată ca fiind prea grăbită și unii chiar au zis că sfârșitul filmului a rămas necompletat. O altă critică a fost primită de asemenea din cauza folosirii în mod constant a flashbackurilor din filmul original, deoarece s-a crezut că acest lucru e prea repetitiv.

Premiera în România a filmului a fost pe 4 decembrie 2015 pe canalul Boomerang.

Premisă
Kate și Humphrey își iau puii la cascada Alfred Creek pentru o vacanță, unde se trezesc implicați într-o urmărire prin toată regiunea, urmăriți fiind de doi hingheri de lupi nebun.

Voci
 Ben Diskin - Humphrey
 Kate Higgins - Kate, Stinky
 Lindsay Torrance - Claudette
 Debi Derryberry - Runt
 Mike Jacobs - Fleet, Brent
 Mella Leigh - Agnes
 Gina Bowes - Freida, Fran
 Catherine Lavin - Debbie
 Maxine Blue - Julia
 Elizabeth Alvarez - Liz
 Christopher Corey Smith - Jethro
 Benjamin Waters - Griffon

Legături externe

Filme de animație din anii 2010
Filme de animație
Filme americane
Filme de aventuri
Lupi
Desene animate
Boomerang

Alpha și Omega 5: Vacanță în familie


La Copa Mundial de Triatlón es una competición anual de carreras de
triatlón situadas por todo el mundo. La competición es organizada por la Unión Internacional de Triatlón. El Grupo BG fue el patrocinador del campeonato del 2000 hasta 2008. En 2008 el número de carreras se redujo porque la Unión Internacional de Triatlón quería centrarse en el Campeonato Mundial de Triatlón.

Cada evento de la competición usa una distancia estándar (olímpica):
1500m de natación en aguas abiertas, 40 km de ciclismo en ruta (en un circuito urbano) y 10 km de carrera a pie. Un total de 300 puntos se distribuyen entre los atletas, depende de la posición final que queden. Los puntos que ganan contribuyen en la clasificación total del campeonato.  Los puntos ganados en cada evento también cuentan para la clasificación de los Juegos Olímpicos. Un total de 100.000 dólares se distrubuyen, por igual, entre los hombres y mujeres que ganan cada evento.

Ganadores

Lugar

Nota: # – Evento del Campeonato Mundial de Triatlón

Referencias

Competiciones de triatlón

Copa Mundial de Triatlón


Kedabečki rajon (azerski: Gədəbəy rayonu) je jedan od 66 azerbajdžanskih rajona. Kedabečki rajon se nalazi na zapadu Azerbajdžana na granici s Armenijom. Središte rajona je Kedabek. Površina Kedabečkog rajona iznosi 1.290 km². Kedabečki rajon je prema popisu stanovništva iz 2009. imao 93.719 stanovnika, od čega su 46.610 muškarci, a 47.109 žene.

Kedabečki rajon se sastoji od 44 općine.

Izvori

Rajoni Azerbajdžana

Kedabečki rajon


NGC 501 es una galaxia elíptica de la constelación de Piscis.

Fue descubierta el 28 de octubre de 1856 por el astrónomo William Parsons.

Véase también
Lista de objetos NGC

Referencias

0501
Galaxias elípticas
Constelación de Piscis

NGC 501


Flesh and Fury é um filme de drama estadunidense dirigido por Joseph Pevney e estrelado por Tony Curtis, Jan Sterling e Mona Freeman. Foi lançado em 26 de junho de 1952 pela Universal Pictures.

Elenco
 Tony Curtis ...Paul Callan
 Jan Sterling ...Sonya Bartow
 Mona Freeman ...Ann Hollis
 Wallace Ford ...Jack 'Pop' Richardson
 Connie Gilchrist ...Sra. Richardson
 Katherine Locke ...Sra. Hollis
 Harry Shannon ...Mike Callan
 Louis Jean Heydt ...Whity
 Tom Powers ...Andy Randoph
 Nella Walker ...Sra. Hackett
 Harry Guardino ...Lou Callan
 Joe Gray ...Cliff
 Harry Ravan ...Murphy
 Ted Stanhope ...Maris

Filmes dos Estados Unidos de 1952
Filmes de drama dos Estados Unidos
Filmes da Universal Pictures
Filmes com trilha sonora de Hans J. Salter
Filmes em preto e branco
Filmes sobre boxe
Filmes em língua inglesa

Flesh and Fury


Ny ateisme, Nyateisme eller Neo ateisme (engelsk: New Atheism) er Gary Wolfs beskrivelse fra 2006 af polemisk indstillet ateisme.

Den ny ateisme er kritik mod overtro og religion, der ikke bare skal tolereres, men bør modvirkes, kritiseres og afsløres med rationelle argumenter . Den ny ateisme mener, at religion har stor og negativ indflydelse på politik, statsførelse og uddannelse. Ny ateisme overlapper ofte sekulær humanisme og antiteisme især i sin kritik af, hvad mange nye ateister betragter som indoktrinering eller beskadigelse af børn (som omskæring) og fastholdelse af ideologier, der bygger på det overnaturlige). Der er rejst kritik af den nye ateisme for at være militant og fundamentalistisk, blandt andet af de danske forfattere Lars Christiansen og Lars Sandbeck i bogen `Gudløse hjerner`.

Begrebet "ny ateisme" blev første gang brugt af Gary Wolf i en 2006 artikel i magasinet Wired.

Se også
 AteismePlus

Noter

Ateisme

Ny Ateisme


Plumb se poate referi la:
 Plumb, metal
 Plumb (1911), poezie simbolistă scrisă de George Bacovia
 Plumb (1916), volum de poezii de George Bacovia
 Plumb, numele de scenă al cântăreței Tiffany Arbuckle Lee (n. 1975)

Plumb (dezambiguizare)


Knautia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae. The common names are variants of "widow flower".  Others are given the name "scabious", which properly belongs to the related genus (Scabiosa). The name Knautia comes from the 17th-century German botanists, Drs. Christoph and Christian Knaut.

Selected species
 Knautia arvensis - Meadow widow flower, blue buttons, field scabious
 Knautia carinthiaca
 Knautia drymeia - Hungarian widow flower
 Knautia kitaibelii
 Knautia longifolia - Long leaf widow flower
 Knautia macedonica - Macedonian scabious
 Knautia maxima - Forest widow flower
 Knautia norica
 Knautia persicina

References

Caprifoliaceae genera
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus

Knautia


සජීවීකරන මෘදුකාංග මඟින් පරිගණකය තුළ අඳින ලද චිත්‍රයක් හෝ නිර්මාණය කරන ලද රූප සදහා චලනයන් එකතු කිරීම සිදු වේ. මෙම මෘදුකාංග වර්තමානයේ දී ඉතාමත් ජනප්‍රිය මාදුකාංගයකි. ඉසුරු ලිනක්ස් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතිය තුල ද මෙවැනි සජීවිකරන මෘදුකාංග කිහිපයක් ඒකරාශි කර තිබේ.

මෘදුකාංග

බ්ලෙන්ඩර් (Blender)
ඉතාමත් පහසුවෙන් ත්‍රිමාන සජීවීකරණයන් කර ගත හැකි මෘදුකාංගයකි බ්ලෙන්ඩර්.
මෙම මෘදුකාංගය Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X හා Linux මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති මත භාවිතා කල හැක.

සින්ෆිග් (Synfig Studio)
ද්විමාන සජීවීකරණය කර ගත හැකි මාදුකාංගයකි. මෙම මෘදුකාංගය Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X හා Linux මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති මත භාවිතා කල හැක.

මෝහෝ (Anime Studio, Moho)
ද්විමාන සජීවීකරණය කර ගත හැකි මාදුකාංගයකි. මෙම මෘදුකාංගය Microsoft Windows හා Apple Mac OS X  මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති මත භාවිතා කල හැක.

මෙයද බලන්න

 චිත්‍රක මෘදුකාංග
 බහුමාධ්‍ය මෘදුකාංග
 ඉසුරු ලිනක්ස්

අඩවියෙන් බැහැර පිටු
 ලිනක්ස් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතියට සමාන, ආදේශ Microsoft Windows මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති මෘදුකාංග
 ලිනක්ස් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතියට සමාන, ආදේශ Microsoft Windows මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති මෘදුකාංග
 ලිනක්ස් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතියට සමාන, ආදේශ Microsoft Windows මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති මෘදුකාංග

මෘදුකාංග

සජීවීකරණ මෘදුකාංග


Camillus de Lellis, M.I., (25 May 1550 – 14 July 1614) was a Roman Catholic priest from Italy who founded the Camillians, a religious order dedicated to the care of the sick. He was beatified by Pope Benedict XIV in the year 1742, and canonized by him four years later in 1746. De Lellis is the patron saint of the sick, hospitals, nurses and physicians. His assistance is also invoked against gambling.

Biography

Early life
Camillus de Lellis was born on May 25, 1550, at Bucchianico (now in Abruzzo, then part of the Kingdom of Naples). His mother, Camilla Compelli de Laureto, was nearly fifty when she gave birth to him. His father was an officer in both the Neapolitan and French royal armies and was seldom home. De Lellis had his father's temper and, due to his mother's age and retiring nature, she felt unable to control him as he grew up. She died in 1562. As a consequence he grew up neglected by the family members who took him in after her death. Tall for his age, at the age thirteen he began to accompany his father from one military camp to another. At sixteen De Lellis joined his father in the Venetian army and fought in a war against the Turks.

After a number of years of military service, his regiment was disbanded in 1575. He entered Rome's San Giacomo Hospital for treatment, but was eventually turned out of the hospital because of his quarrelsome attitude. Having gambled away all his possessions, De Lellis took work as a laborer at the Capuchin friary at Manfredonia; he was constantly plagued, however, by a leg wound he received while in the army, which would not heal. Despite his aggressive nature and excessive gambling, the guardian of the friary saw a better side to his nature, and continually tried to bring that out in him. Eventually the friar's exhortations penetrated his heart and he had a religious conversion in 1575. He then entered the novitiate of the Capuchin friars. His leg wound, however, had continued to plague him and was declared incurable by the physicians, thus he was denied admission to that Order.

He then moved to Rome where he returned to San Giacomo degli Incurabili and became a caregiver at the hospital to pay for his stay. He eventually became Superintendent. He began to put things in order. In the meantime, he continued to follow a strict ascetic life, performing many penances, such as constant wearing of a hairshirt. He took as his spiritual director and confessor the popular local priest, Philip Neri, who was himself to found a religious congregation named the Congregation of the Oratory and be declared a saint.

De Lellis monitored purchases, argued with tradesmen, and returned consignments of defective goods. He began to observe the poor attention the sick received from the staff of the hospital. He was led to invite a group of pious men to express their faith through the care of the patients at the hospital. Eventually he felt called to establish a religious community for this purpose, and that he should seek Holy Orders for this task. Neri, his confessor, gave him approval for this endeavor, and a wealthy donor provided him with the income necessary to undertake his seminary studies.

He was ordained at the age of thirty-four on Pentecost of 1584 by Lord Thomas Goldwell, Bishop of St Asaph, Wales, and the last surviving Catholic bishop of Great Britain.

Founder
Thus De Lellis established the Order of Clerks Regular, Ministers of the Infirm (abbreviated as M.I.), better known as the Camillians. His experience in wars led him to establish a group of health care workers who would assist soldiers on the battlefield. The large red cross on their cassock remains a symbol of the Congregation today, worn on their habits, today a universal symbol of charity and service. In 1585 his friends hired a large house for the group, where he taught them the basics of nursing care.

In 1586 Pope Sixtus V gave the group formal recognition as a congregation and assigned them the Church of St. Mary Magdalene in Rome, which they still maintain.

De Lellis' concern for the proper treatment of the sick extended to the end of their lives. He had come to be aware of the many cases of people being buried alive, due to haste, and ordered that the Brothers of his Order wait fifteen minutes past the moment when the patient seemed to have drawn his last breath, in order to avoid this.

Expansion
In 1588 he was invited to Naples, and with twelve companions founded there a new house. Certain galleys having the plague on board were forbidden to enter the harbour. The pious Servants of the sick (for that was the name they took) went on board, and attended them; on which occasion two of their number died of the pestilence. Camillus showed a like charity in Rome when a pestilential fever swept off great numbers, and again when that city was visited by a violent famine.

Pope Gregory XV raised the Congregation to the status of an Order, equivalent with the mendicant orders, in 1591. At that time they established a fourth religious vow unique to their Order: "to serve the sick, even with danger to one's own life."

In 1594 De Lellis led his religious to Milan where they attended to the sick of the Ca' Granda, the main hospital of the city.
During the Battle of Canizza in 1601, while Camillians were helping with the wounded, the tent in which they were tending to the sick and in which they had all of their equipment and supplies was completely destroyed and burned to the ground. Everything in the tent was destroyed except the red cross of a religious habit belonging to one of the Camillians who was ministering to the wounded on the battlefield. This event was taken by the Camillans to manifest divine approval of the Red Cross of St. Camillus.

Throughout his life De Lellis' ailments caused him suffering, but he allowed no one to wait on him and would crawl to visit the sick when unable to stand and walk. It is said that Camillus possessed the gifts of healing and prophecy. He resigned as Superior General of the Order in 1607, but continued to serve as Vicar General of the Order. By that time, communities of the Order had spread all throughout Italy and as far as Hungary. He assisted in a General Chapter of the Order in 1613, after which he accompanied the new Superior General on an inspection tour of all the hospitals of the Order in Italy. In the course of that tour, he fell ill. He died in Rome in 1614, and was entombed at the Church of St. Mary Magdalene.

Veneration
De Lellis was beatified by Pope Benedict XIV in the year 1742, and canonized by him four years later in 1746.

In 1886, Pope Leo XIII proclaimed him patron of all hospitals and of the sick. In 1930, Pope Pius XI named him co-patron, with Saint John of God of nurses and nursing associations. His assistance is also invoked against gambling.

His mortal remains are located in the altar in the Church of St. Mary Magdalene in Rome, along with several of his relics. Also on display is the Cross which allegedly spoke to Camillus, and asked him, "Why are you afraid? Do you not realize that this is not your work but mine?" which has become the motto associated with De Lellis, as well as healthcare workers who were inspired by him.

The Congregation of the Servants of the Sick of St Camillus, the Daughters of St. Camillus, the Secular Institutes of Missionaries of the Sick Christ Our Hope, of the Kamillianische Schwestern (Camillan Sisters) and of the Lay Camillian Family, were born later of the charism and spirituality of De Lellis.

Camillus' feast day was originally inserted in the General Roman Calendar in 1762 for celebration on 18 July, since 14 July, the day of his death, was at that time taken by the feast of Saint Bonaventure. It was then given the rank of Double; later, it was changed in 1960 to that of "Third-Class Feast", and in the liturgical changes of 1969 to that of an optional "Memorial", when it was also moved to the anniversary of his death, 14 July. In the U.S.A. it is currently an optional Memorial celebrated on 18 July, because on 14 July there is the Memorial of Kateri Tekakwitha.

Commemoration
Camillus is honoured in the names of:
 San Camillo de Lellis, a church in Rome, Italy
 São Camilo de Lellis, a church in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
The Camillians religious order, including the Daughters of St. Camillus
The town Saint-Camille, Quebec and the parish Saint-Camille-de-Lellis, Quebec
The town and village of Camillus, New York
 Saint Camillus Academy, former Catholic school in Kentucky, USA
 St Camille Association, providing residential care for people in West Africa suffering from mental illness
 St. Camillus Centre in Mohale's Hoek, Lesotho
 St. Camillus College of Manaoag in Northern Luzon, Philippines
 Saint Camillus Foundation, a charitable organization in Thailand, including the Camillian social center in Rayong
 St. Camillus Health Center, a skilled nursing facility located in Massachusetts, USA
 Camillian Hospital, a general hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand
 Saint Camillus Medical Center, in Hurst, Texas
 United Doctors of St. Camillus de Lellis Hospital, Batangas City, Philippines
 St. Camillus College of Manaoag Foundation, Inc., a non-profit, non-stock private school in Manaoag, Pangasinan, Philippines
 Camillian Family Foundation Philippines
The Centers at St. Camillus, a rehabilitation and nursing home facility in Syracuse, New York
St. Camillus Hall, the cardiac telemetry unit at Holy Family Hospital, Methuen, Massachusetts, USA
St. Camillus Health Center, a nursing home and ancillaries clinic in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA

See also
Scapular of Help of the Sick
Saint Camillus, patron saint archive

References

External links

 Website of the Camillians in the U.S.A.
 Website of the international Camillian Order
 Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica
 Message of Pope John Paul II on the 450th anniversary of the birth of St. Camillus
Saint Camillus de Lellis at the Christian Iconography web site.

1550 births
1614 deaths
People from the Province of Chieti
Camillians
Italian nurses
Male nurses
Founders of Catholic religious communities
16th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests
17th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests
Incorrupt saints
Italian Roman Catholic saints
16th-century Christian saints
17th-century Christian saints
Miracle workers
Canonizations by Pope Benedict XIV
Beatifications by Pope Benedict XIV

Camillus de Lellis


Sögur af landi er plata með íslenska tónlistarmanninnum Bubba Morthens sem kom út þann 9. október 1990. Líkt og flestar plötur Bubba á þessum tíma vann hinn sænski Christian Falk plötuna með Hilmari Erni Hilmarssyni. Að sögn Hilmars bætti Falk miklu við lögin.Til dæmis flautukaflann í laginu Síðasti örninn sem og endurskapað lagið Sonnetta. Í viðtali við Bubba í DV sagðist Bubbi vera að vinna að plötu undir nafninu RASK, en því heiti var skipt út fyrir Sögur af landi.En þrátt fyrir að Bubbi bjóði ekki upp á margt nýtt á Sögum af landi fyrirgefst honum það einfaldlega vegna þess að þetta er skrambi góð plata. Bubbi virðist vera í mjög góðu jafnvægi, sáttur við lífið og tilveruna og umfram allt sjálfan sig. Allt þetta endurspeglast í tónlistinni og ekki síður í textunum sem eru betri og vandaðri en nokkru sinni fyrr

Sigurður Þór Salvarsson, gagnrýnandi DVSögur af landi var síðasta plata Bubba með Christian Falk. Í ljóði í ljóðabók Öskraðu gat á myrkrið talaði Bubbi um Falkhann gat tamið öll hljóðfærin

Þau hlýddu honum

eins og sirkusdýr

engin svipa bara ástríða

og fegurð hjartans

Lagalisti
Plata eitt: A-hlið

 Sonnetta
 Laugardagsmorgunn
 Vals fyrir Brynju
 Fjólublátt flauel
 Að eilífu ung
 Blóðbönd

Plata eitt: B-hlið

 Síðasti örninn
 Stúlkan sem starir á hafið
 Guli flamingóinn
 Syneta

Á geisladiskaútgáfu plötunnar bætust eftirfarandi lög við

 Sú sem aldrei sefur
 Í kvöld er talað fátt
 Hann er laxveiðisjúklingur og veit ekki af því

Á sérútgáfu plötunnar sem kom út þann 6. júní 2006 í tilefni fimmtugsafmælis Bubba bættust eftirfarandi lög við

 Stúlkan sem starir á hafið (Hjátaka(
 Syneta (Hjátaka)
 Vals fyrir Brynju (Hjátaka)
 Sonnet (af plötunni Icebreakers)
 Last eagle (af plötunni Icebreakers)
 Bloodties (Hjátaka)
Bubbi Morthens
Hljómplötur gefnar út árið 1990

Sögur af landi


Hatfield est une ville d'Angleterre dans le Yorkshire du Sud.

Géographie

Histoire

Hatfield Chase, à quelques kilomètres à l'est de la ville, est généralement considérée comme le site de la bataille de Hatfield Chase, en 633, durant laquelle Edwin, premier roi chrétien de Northumbrie, est vaincu et tué par le prince gallois Cadwallon ap Cadfan et Penda, roi païen de Mercie.

Personnalité
 Janet Baker (1933- ), chanteuse d'opéra, y est née.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Ville dans le Yorkshire du Sud

Hatfield (Yorkshire du Sud)


The fallacy of composition is an informal fallacy that arises when one infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole.  A trivial example might be: "This tire is made of rubber; therefore, the vehicle of which it is a part is also made of rubber." This is fallacious, because vehicles are made with a variety of parts, most of which are not made of rubber.  The fallacy of composition can apply even when a fact is true of every proper part of a greater entity, though.  A more complicated example might be: "No atoms are alive. Therefore, nothing made of atoms is alive."  This is a statement most people would consider incorrect, due to emergence, where the whole possesses properties not present in any of the parts.

This fallacy is related to the fallacy of hasty generalization, in which an unwarranted inference is made from a statement about a sample to a statement about the population from which it is drawn.  The fallacy of composition is the converse of the fallacy of division.

Examples
If someone stands up from their seat at a cricket match, they can see better. Therefore, if everyone stands up, they can all see better.

Some people can become millionaires with the right business concept. Therefore, if everyone has the right business concept, everyone will become a millionaire.

If a runner runs faster, he can win the race. Therefore, if all the runners run faster, they can all win the race.

Since every part of a certain machine is light in weight, the machine as a whole is light in weight.

In voting theory, the Condorcet paradox demonstrates a fallacy of composition: Even if all voters have rational preferences, the collective choice induced by majority rule is not transitive and hence not rational. The fallacy of composition occurs if from the rationality of the individuals one infers that society can be equally rational. The principle generalizes beyond the aggregation via majority rule to any reasonable aggregation rule, demonstrating that the aggregation of individual preferences into a social welfare function is fraught with severe difficulties (see Arrow's impossibility theorem and social choice theory).

In chemistry and materials science, a single type of atom may form allotropes with different physical properties from each other, and from their individual constituent atoms, such as diamond and graphite each consisting of carbon atoms. What is true of a single carbon atom is not true of a collection of carbon atoms bonded into a material. Furthermore, the properties of an atom differ from the properties of the individual subatomic particles that constitute it.

In social network theory, a group of humans arranged into a social network can have abilities not possessed by the individual humans making up the network. A simple example is the bucket brigade, in which humans arranged into a chain can move buckets of water or other similar items across a distance faster and with less effort than can a disorganized group of individuals carrying the loads across the same distance. What is true of the part (an individual needing to move his or her body across the whole distance to move a load) is not true of the whole (in which individuals can move loads across the distance merely by standing in place and handing off the load to the next individual).

In economics
  The paradox of thrift is a notable fallacy of composition described by Keynesian economics.
 Division of labour is another economic example, in which overall productivity can greatly increase when individual workers specialize in doing different jobs. An individual worker may become more productive by specializing in making, say, hatpins, but by satisfying the wants of many other individuals for a given product, the specialist worker forces other workers to specialize in making different things. What is true for the part (earning more by investing in the skills or equipment to make a given product faster) is not true for the whole (because not everybody can profitably make the same product).
 Economists use the term representative agent to refer to the typical decision-maker of a certain type (for example, the typical consumer, or the typical firm); when this representative agent is poorly chosen in a model, it can be seen as a fallacy of composition.
 In a tragedy of the commons, an individual can profit by consuming a larger share of a common, shared resource such as fish from the sea; but if too many individuals seek to consume more, they can destroy the resource.
 In the free rider problem, an individual can benefit by failing to pay when consuming a share of a public good; but if there are too many such "free riders", eventually there will be no "ride" for anyone.

Modo hoc fallacy

The modo hoc (or "just this") fallacy is the informal error of assessing meaning to an existent based on the constituent properties of its material makeup while omitting the matter's arrangement. For instance, metaphysical naturalism states that while matter and motion are all that compose humans, it cannot be assumed that the characteristics inherent in the elements and physical reactions that make us up ultimately and solely define our meaning; for, a cow which is alive and well and a cow which has been chopped up into meat are the same matter but it is obvious that the arrangement of that matter clarifies those different situational meanings.

See also

 Interaction (statistics)
Synecdoche, the figure of speech of two forms:
Pars pro toto using the word for a part by way of referring to the whole
Totum pro parte using the word for the whole by way of referring to a part

References

Inductive fallacies
Verbal fallacies
Relevance fallacies

Fallacy of composition


«Stupid Hoe» es una canción interpretada por la cantante y rapera Nicki Minaj. Se lanzó el 20 de diciembre de 2011, como el sencillo promocional de su primera reproducción extendida, Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded. Fue producido por Diamond Kuts, acreditado como T. Dunham. Fue grabado un vídeo musical para la canción y fue dirigido por Hype Williams. El vídeo rompió el récord de mayor entradas por un artista en 24 horas en su lanzamiento. La semana después del lanzamiento, debutó en Billboard Hot 100 en el número 81. Actualmente se encuentra en el número 59 en dicha lista.

Antecedentes y composición
«Stupid Hoe» fue lanzado como el segundo sencillo promocional, dos semanas después del lanzamiento de «Roman in Moscow». La canción cuenta con la producción de Tina Dunham y ha sido escrito por Dunham y Minaj.

«Stupid Hoe» se describe como un himno a las mujeres que odian a Minaj. cuenta con dos rápidas palmadas de batería y extraños efectos de sonido «chirriante», con Minaj realizando en un estilo de rap rápido. En la canción, Minaj da consejos en su actuación en la Superbowl de 2012 en las líneas: "Put ya cape on, you a super hoe/2012, I'm at the Super Bowl" — en español — " Ponte una capa, eres una súper zorra/2012, estaré en el Super Bowl". Minaj también hace referencia a Brad Pitt (corona de la reina del rap), Angelina Jolie ( Nicki Minaj ) y Jennifer Aniston ( Lil' Kim ). En comparación con el sencillo «I Get Crazy» del mixtape Beam Me Up Scotty (2009), Erika Ramírez de Billboard comento Minaj tiene fuertes impulsos a lo largo del tiempo rivaliza a Lil 'Kim, indicando que "Bitch talkin' she the queen when she looking like a lab rat," — en español — "La perra dice ser la reina, cuando se parece más a una rata de laboratorio", sólo para cantar más adelante en el outro de la canción "Stupid hoe is my enemy/ Stupid hoe is so bad/ Stupid hoe should have be-friended me/ Then she could have probably came back." — en español —"La zorra estúpida es mi enemiga/ La zorra estúpida es muy mala / La zorra estúpida debería ser mi amiga / Entonces podría regresar." Minaj gruñe «ferozmente», diciendo "Esta estúpida zorra es mi hija y yo no quiero custodia" La canción cuenta con Minaj cantando las palabras «Estúpida Zorra» con la voz falsete. Vocalmente, Minaj realiza sus versos en diferentes tonos, en forma lenta, rápida y extendiendo algunas sílabas, similares al remix del sencillo de Big Sean «Dance (A$$)». La canción termina con Minaj diciendo "Yo soy la versión femenina de Weezy", una línea de su pasado sencillo «YU Mad» con Lil Wayne y Birdman.

La versión del álbum es un poco diferente que el sencillo, ya que la introducción es diferente y la palabra «Hoe» no está censurado en el sencillo.

Recepción
Describiendo la canción, Robbie Daw felicitó las "acrobacias que riman" como "interesantes" y bromeó acerca de llamar a la canción "linda". Erika Ramírez de Billboard le dio una crítica positiva.

Kyle Anderson de Entertainment Weekly describió la canción como "minimalista". Mike Barthel de The Village Voice describió la canción como "débil".

Vídeo musical

Filmación
El video musical de «Stupid Hoe» fue dirigido por Hype Williams y fue filmado el 19 de diciembre y 20 de diciembre de 2011. Lanzado a través del VEVO de Minaj el 20 de enero de 2012. Antes de la divulgación del vídeo, Minaj reveló a través de Twitter que el estreno del video debe ser visto en su forma explícita, diciendo que "No se puede estrenar en una red de b/c, ya que es importante que mi arte no sea manipulado, o en peligro antes de que lo vean por vez primera ". Safaree Samuels pareja de mucho tiempo de Minaj, también conocida como SB, hace un cameo en el video, con una camisa promoviendo Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded con la fecha de lanzamiento 14 de febrero de 2012.

Trama

El video comienza con un primer plano de la boca Minaj sincronizando las palabras de la canción como fondo y el color de sus labios cambian al ritmo de la canción. Las escenas de los bailarines saltan la soga con Minaj y los nombres de Hype Williams se intercalan con rapidez con la escena. Minaj se muestra entonces tirando de su pierna por encima de la parte posterior de la cabeza, mientras que usa el ojo azul, claramente imitando la portada del álbum de Grace Jones Life Island (1980).

Minaj después se muestra Sentada en un Lamborghini Aventador color rosa, notablemente evitando el contacto visual con la cámara. A medida que el coro de la canción comienza, continúa, con Minaj gruñendo a la cámara y un maniquí con figura «voluptuosa». Adornado con ropa de color rosa, Minaj sigue el rap de las letras de las canciones con una peluca rizada color rosa, y una cola de caballo apretada. En la segunda estrofa se muestra en una jaula, haciendo referencia a Shakira en «Loba». el video continua con Minaj usando enormes pestañas postizas. Como Minaj continua los extremos del vídeo, Minaj se ve adornada con ropa niños mientras estaba parado en una silla rosada más grande, como una referencia a Jessie J en «Price Tag». Mientras la cámara se acerca a Minaj, sus ojos comienzan a crecer de una manera animada, haciendo referencia a Lady Gaga en «Bad Romance». Sara Toro señaló que Minaj se inspira en las muñecas Bratz en la escena, y posteriormente aparece con una paleta de caramelo haciendo referencia a Katy Perry en «California Gurls». Como el video se acaba, el clip muestra el Superbowl 2012 con el color de salpicaduras en el fondo, en referencia a la portada del álbum de Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded, y se cierra con Minaj acostado en la jaula con calma después de terminar una danza excéntrica.

Posicionamiento en listas

Listas semanales

Referencias

Sencillos de 2011
Sencillos de Nicki Minaj
Sencillos de pop
Sencillos de música electrónica
Vídeos musicales certificados por VEVO
Canciones en inglés

Stupid Hoe


Mars, Roma mitolojisindeki savaş tanrısıdır. Juno ile Jüpiter'in oğludur. Mars sözcüğünün herhangi bir Hint-Avrupalı türevi olmadığına göre, büyük ihtimalle Etrüsk ziraat tanrısı Maris'in Latinize edilmiş bir biçimidir. Başlarda Romalı bereket ve bitki tanrısı, çiftlik hayvanlarının, ekin alanlarının koruyucusuyken daha sonraları savaşla özdeşleştirilmiştir; sonunda Yunan mitolojisindeki Ares'in Roma mitolojisindeki dengi olmuştur.

Mars Roma'nın kurucusu Romulus'un efsanevi babasıydı ve bu nedenle Romalılar atalarının Mars olduğuna inanırdı. Romada erkek tanrılar arasında en güçlü ikinci konumdadır. Asil görünüşlü ve asla yenilmeyen bir tanrıdır. Romalılar Yunanistan'ı fethedince Ares'le bir tutulmuştur.

Dış bağlantılar

 Warburg Institute Iconographic Database, 700 civarında Mars resmi

Roma tanrıları
Savaş tanrıları
Dişi kurt (Roma mitolojisi)
Mitolojik tecavüzcüler

Mars (mitoloji)


العجيبة بلدية بولاية البويرة.

الوديان
 وادي الساحل

مواضيع ذات صلة
 بلديات ولاية البويرة
 دوائر ولاية البويرة

مراجع

عجيبية

العجيبة


Jean-Marie Aloyse Monhoven, né à Zoufftgen le  et mort à Paris le , est un général français. Officier de l'infanterie coloniale, il rejoint l'artillerie spéciale pendant la Première Guerre mondiale puis commande la  d'infanterie au Maroc en 1925-1926.

Biographie
Né à Zoufftgen, alors en Lorraine allemande, il prend la nationalité française en 1892 puis intègre l'école spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr en 1894 (promotion Alexandre III, 1894-1896).

Il participe aux expéditions coloniales en Mauritanie, au Maroc, au Sénégal, en Indochine et en Chine. Affecté au  d'infanterie coloniale en septembre 1914, il en prend le commandement et est nommé lieutenant-colonel en février 1915. En octobre 1915, il prend le commandement du  d'infanterie coloniale. Le , il est muté dans l'artillerie spéciale (les chars) et est nommé adjoint tactique du général Estienne.

En avril 1918, il est nommé général de brigade, le plus jeune de la guerre 1914-1918.

Il commande la  d'infanterie pendant la guerre du Rif.

Il meurt le  à Paris et est enterré à Zoufftgen.

Décorations

 Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur le
 Chevalier le
 Officier le
 Commandeur le
 Croix de guerre 1914-1918
 Médaille coloniale
 agrafe Tonkin en 1897
 agrafe Mauritanie et  le
 Médaille commémorative de l'expédition de Chine en 1901
 Chevalier de l'Ordre royal du Cambodge le
 Chevalier de l'Ordre de l'Étoile noire le

Hommages
Un char B1 bis de 1940 porte son nom, ainsi qu'une rue dans son village natal.

Références

Liens externes

Élève de l'École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr
Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur promu en 1925
Général français du XXe siècle
Naissance en juin 1873
Décès en janvier 1930
Décès à 56 ans

Jean-Marie Aloyse Monhoven


24639 Mukhametdinov este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
24639 Mukhametdinov este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul de Astrofizică din Crimeea de Liudmila Karacikina. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,54 ua, o excentricitate de 0,16 și o înclinație de 8,1° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 24001-25000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1982
Centura de asteroizi

24639 Mukhametdinov


Takuya Matsumoto (født 6. februar 1989) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Blaublitz Akita.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Takuya Matsumoto


An Aponogeton longiplumulosus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni H.Bruggen. An Aponogeton longiplumulosus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Aponogeton, ngan familia nga Aponogetonaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Aponogeton

Aponogeton longiplumulosus


75 (خمسة وسبعون) هو عدد طبيعي يلي العدد 74 ويسبق العدد 76.

في الرياضيات

مراجع

أعداد صحيحة

75 (عدد)