Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign, also known as the War of Pacification in Nanzhong, was a military campaign which took place in 225 during the early Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China. It was led by Zhuge Liang, the Imperial Chancellor of the state of Shu Han, against opposing forces in the Nanzhong region (covering parts of present-day Yunnan, Guizhou and southern Sichuan). The campaign was a response to rebellions started by local governors in the Nanzhong region and intrusions by the Nanman (literally: "southern barbarians").

Background
In October 222, Liu Bei, the founding emperor of Shu, lost the Battle of Xiaoting against Shu's ally-turned-rival state Wu. He died in Baidicheng (in present-day Fengjie County, Chengdu) in June 223.

Yong Kai's rebellion
Yong Kai (雍闓), a descendant of Yong Chi (雍齒) and a tribal chief active in the Nanzhong region, heard about Liu Bei's death and started a rebellion against Shu rule. He killed Zheng Ang (正昂), the Shu-appointed Administrator of Jianning Commandery (建寧郡; around present-day Qujing, Yunnan), and took Zheng Ang's successor Zhang Yi hostage. The Shu general Li Yan wrote a total of six letters to Yong Kai to dissuade him from rebelling, but Yong Kai arrogantly replied: "I heard that the sky cannot have two suns and the land cannot have two rulers. Now, from a distance away, I see that the Empire has been divided into three, so I am fearful and confused and do not know whom to pledge allegiance to."

Under urging from Shi Xie and the Wu general Bu Zhi, Yong Kai agreed to pledge allegiance to Wu and he sent Zhang Yi as a captive to the Wu emperor Sun Quan to express his sincerity. In return, Sun Quan appointed him as the Administrator of Yongchang Commandery (永昌郡; covering parts of present-day western Yunnan), which was then guarded by the Shu officials Lü Kai and Wang Kang (王伉). When Yong Kai showed up to take control of Yongchang, Lü Kai and Wang Kang refused to recognise his legitimacy and led both the local government and civilians alike to resist Yong Kai and prevent him from entering Yongchang. Yong Kai then repeatedly wrote letters to them in an attempt to convince them that he was the rightful Administrator, but Lü Kai refuted Yong Kai's claims and managed to retain control over Yongchang because the people of Yongchang highly regarded and trusted him.

Rebellions by Gao Ding and Zhu Bao
Around 223, as Shu was still mourning Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang, the Imperial Chancellor and regent of Shu, decided to focus on domestic policy to promote stability and accumulate resources before using military force to quell the uprisings in the Nanzhong region. At the same time, he also sent Deng Zhi and Chen Zhen as diplomats to Wu to meet Sun Quan and convince him to make peace with Shu and rebuild the Shu–Wu alliance against their rival state, Wei.

In the meantime, Gao Ding (高定; or Gao Dingyuan 高定元), the chief of the Sou tribe (叟族) in Yuexi/Yuesui Commandery (越巂郡; around present-day Xichang, Sichuan) heard about Yong Kai's rebellion and decided to join, so he killed Jiao Huang (焦璜), the Administrator of Yuexi/Yuesui appointed by the Shu government. While Zhuge Liang was planning for a military campaign against the rebels, he appointed Gong Lu as the new Administrator of Yuexi/Yuesui and sent him there to make preparations in advance. However, Gong Lu ended up being killed by Gao Ding.

Around the same time, Zhuge Liang also sent an official, Qi Xing (頎行), to conduct an investigation in Zangke Commandery (牂柯郡; around present-day Guiyang or Fuquan, Guizhou). Upon arriving in Zangke, Qi Xing detained all the lower-ranked officials for questioning. Zhu Bao (朱褒), the Shu-appointed Administrator (太守) of Zangke, had heard of the rebellions in the neighbouring Jianning and Yuexi/Yuesui commanderies, so he killed Qi Xing and joined the rebels.

Involvement of Meng Huo and the Nanman
After failing to capture Yongchang Commandery from Lü Kai and Wang Kang, Yong Kai turned to the Nanman tribes for help but they were unwilling to listen to him. Yong Kai then sought help from Meng Huo, a local leader with much influence and popularity among the Nanman. Meng Huo lied to the Nanman that Shu's government had made unreasonable demands from them and successfully incited them to rebel against Shu's rule.

Pacifying Nanzhong
In the spring of 225, after Shu rebuilt its alliance with Wu against their rival state Wei, Zhuge Liang, the Imperial Chancellor of Shu, personally led Shu imperial forces south to pacify the Nanzhong region and quell the rebellions. Wang Lian, Zhuge Liang's chief clerk, attempted to dissuade him from participating in the campaign, but Zhuge Liang insisted because he was worried that the Shu generals might not be competent enough to deal with the rebels on their own.

Ma Su, a close aide of Zhuge Liang, suggested that they focus on psychological warfare (i.e. winning the hearts of the people in Nanzhong) rather than conventional warfare, so as to prevent rebellions from breaking out again. Zhuge Liang readily accepted Ma Su's advice.

The Shu emperor Liu Shan awarded Zhuge Liang a ceremonial axe and held a grand ceremony to see him off on the campaign: attendants bearing parasols made of feathers walked in front of and behind him, an entourage of 60 huben imperial guards escorted him, while drums rolled and trumpets blared in the background.

The Shu army travelled along a water route from Anshang County (安上縣; present-day Pingshan County, Sichuan) to Yuexi/Yuesui Commandery and entered the Nanzhong region. In response, Gao Ding and Yong Kai constructed several forts in Maoniu (旄牛; present-day Hanyuan County, Sichuan), Dingze (定筰; present-day Yanyuan County, Sichuan) and Beishui (卑水; southeast of present-day Zhaojue County, Sichuan) counties. Zhuge Liang then led the Shu army to Beishui County, where he hoped the rebels would converge so that he could defeat all of them in one battle. During this time, Gao Ding's subordinate(s) killed Yong Kai. Zhuge Liang then used the opportunity to strike back and defeated Gao Ding. Gao Ding was subsequently captured and executed by beheaded on the orders of Zhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang then ordered Ma Zhong to lead troops southeast from Bodao County (僰道縣; present-day Yibin, Sichuan) to attack Zangke Commandery, and Li Hui to lead troops southwest from Pingyi County (平夷縣; northeast of present-day Bijie, Guizhou) to attack Jianning Commandery. When Li Hui reached Kunming, he lost contact with Zhuge Liang and ended up being surrounded by the rebels, who had twice as many men as he did. Li Hui then lied to the rebels, saying that he actually wanted to join them. Just as the rebels believed him and lowered their guard, he used the opportunity to strike back and move south to Panjiang (槃江) to meet up with Ma Zhong, who had just defeated Zhu Bao's rebel forces and recaptured Zangke. Ma Zhong and Li Hui's units rendezvoused with Zhuge Liang's main army and prepared to attack Meng Huo, who incorporated the remnants of the rebel forces into his own.

Zhuge Liang knew that Meng Huo was popular and respected among the locals in the Nanzhong region, so he wanted to let him live. After Meng Huo was captured, Zhuge Liang showed him around the Shu camp and asked him what he thought. Meng Huo replied: "Before this, I knew nothing about your army, which was why I lost. Now that you have shown me around your camp, I know the conditions of your army and will be able to defeat you easily." Zhuge Liang laughed, released him and allowed him to return for another battle. The same cycle repeated for a total of seven times. On the seventh time, Meng Huo surrendered and told Zhuge Liang: "Sir, you have shown me Heaven's might. The people of the south will never rebel again." Zhuge Liang then led his forces towards Dian Lake in triumph.

Aftermath
After pacifying the four commanderies of Yizhou (益州; a.k.a. Jianning 建寧), Yongchang (永昌), Zangke (牂柯) and Yuexi/Yuesui (越巂), Zhuge Liang reformed the administrative divisions to create another two commanderies, Yunnan (雲南) and Xinggu (興古), to improve the quality of the local governments in the Nanzhong region. He wanted to allow the people to self-govern those lands instead of appointing non-locals as the governors. He pointed out the problems with leaving non-locals in charge: The people in Nanzhong had recently lost their loved ones in the battles and might still harbour bitter feelings towards the Shu government; if they had non-locals to govern them, they might feel even more resentful and choose to rebel again; if non-locals were put in charge, the Shu government would need to station troops in the area to protect them.

Before completely withdrawing all Shu soldiers from the Nanzhong region, Zhuge Liang told Meng Huo and the other local leaders that he only required them to pay tribute to the Shu government in the form of gold, silver, oxen, warhorses, etc. He appointed locals such as Li Hui (from Jianning Commandery) and Lü Kai (from Yongchang Commandery) as commandery administrators. These commandery administrators were different from their predecessors in the sense that they only served as representatives of the Shu government in the region; the locals were governed by their respective local leaders and tribal chiefs.

More than ten thousand families of the Qiang (羌) tribes along with other strong foreigners from Nanzhong clans were relocated deeper into the Shu region and reorganized into five divisions. Since no enemy could resist them, they were nicknamed the "Flying Army" (無當飛軍). The rest of the foreigners were divided under the great clans of Nanzhong, those were: Jiao (焦), Yong (雍), Lou (婁), Cuan (爨), Meng (孟), Liang (量), Mao (毛) and Li (李). Furthermore, they were put under the command of the "Five Commandants" (五部) also called the "Five Lords" (五子). The people of Nanzhong referred to them as the "Four Clans" (四姓) and the "Five Lords" (五子).

Since many among the foreigners didn't want to serve under them or enrich these great clans. The local prefects puts forward the policy to commerce with them gold and silk. Also, encourage trading to persuade those people to develop themselves as family division with many among them securing important hereditary positions. This policy motivates the tribal people to gather rare resources and progressively brought them under the control of the Han government until they became Han subjects.

After his campaign, Zhuge Liang recruited many talented individuals among the foreign leaders such as Cuan Xi (爨習) of Jianning Commandery, Meng Yan (孟琰) of Zhuti Commandery and Meng Huo who became his subordinates. Cuan Xi's highest office was General Who Commands The Army (領軍將軍), Meng Yan was General Who Supports the Han (輔漢將軍) while Meng Huo was Assistant to the Imperial Counsellor (御史中丞).

Many resources were taken from Nanzhong such as gold, silver, cinnabar and lacquer while plow oxen and war horses were used to support the army and the State. Moreover, the commanders often recruited soldiers among the local people.

The people in Nanzhong never rebelled against Shu rule again for as long as Zhuge Liang was still alive. Historical books show that there were occasional revolts in this area. However, the rebellion in the region was quelled at the local government level appointed by Zhuge Liang, unlike before.  In addition, Zhuge Liang's expedition was generally successful, given the record that local influential people who were cooperative with Shu Han stabilized the area and provided Shu Han with abundant supplies and manpower.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Although historical records mentioned that Zhuge Liang captured and released Meng Huo a total of seven times throughout the campaign, no details were provided. The 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which romanticises the events before and during the Three Kingdoms period, spends a total of about four-and-a-half chapters (87 to 91) fleshing out the details of each of the seven battles. It includes numerous fictional characters associated with Meng Huo, such as Lady Zhurong (Meng Huo's wife), Meng You (Meng Huo's brother) and other Nanman chieftains such as King Mulu and King Duosi. Apart from this, in the novel, the Shu generals Zhao Yun, Wei Yan and Ma Dai actively participate in the campaign, even though historically there is no mention about their involvement.

 First battle: Zhao Yun leads his troops to attack Meng Huo and defeats his army. Wei Yan captures Meng Huo and brings him before Zhuge Liang. When Meng Huo complains that he was captured through trickery, Zhuge Liang releases him and allows him to return for another battle.
 Second battle: Meng Huo builds a series of fortifications across a river and taunts the Shu forces to attack him. Ma Dai cuts off his supply route and kills Jinhuan Sanjie, Meng Huo's subordinate who was protecting the river fortifications. Ahuinan and Dongtuna, two of Meng Huo's subordinates, betray their master, capture him and hand him over as a prisoner to Zhuge Liang. Like before, Meng Huo complains that he did not had a chance to fight the enemy fair and square. Zhuge Liang then shows him around the Shu camp before releasing him.
 Third battle: Meng Huo's younger brother Meng You pretends to surrender to Zhuge Liang and promises to lure Meng Huo into a trap. However, Zhuge Liang knows it is a ploy so he also pretends to play along, captures both of them in the trap, and releases them again.
 Fourth battle: When Meng Huo hears that the Shu army is planning to retreat, he gathers all his troops and attacks the Shu camp. He falls into the pit traps in the camp and ends up being captured again. Zhuge Liang releases him once more.
 Fifth battle: Meng Huo, having learnt his lesson from his previous defeats, adopts a more defensive stance. He lures the Shu forces into the poisonous marshes around the caves of his ally, King Duosi. However, Zhuge Liang manages to avoid the dangers of the marshes with the help of Meng Jie, Meng Huo's elder brother who does not participate in Meng Huo's rebellion against Shu. The Shu forces then defeat and kill King Duosi and capture Meng Huo again. Like before, Zhuge Liang releases Meng Huo again.
 Sixth battle: Meng Huo's wife Lady Zhurong joins the battle and captures the Shu generals Ma Zhong and Zhang Ni. Ma Dai defeats Lady Zhurong later and captures her. Zhuge Liang releases Lady Zhurong in exchange for Ma Zhong and Zhang Ni. Meng Huo then turns to his ally King Mulu for help. King Mulu has the ability to control wild animals and direct them in battle. However, the Shu army is prepared for this and they use fire-breathing contraptions (referred to as juggernauts in some translations) to scare away the animals. King Mulu is killed in battle and Meng Huo ends up being captured again, but Zhuge Liang releases him once more.
 Seventh battle: Meng Huo turns to another ally, Wutugu, for help. Wutugu's soldiers wear a special type of armour made of rattan which can deflect sharp blades and arrows. Zhuge Liang comes up with a plan for Wei Yan to lure Wutugu and his army into a trap in a valley, where explosives and fire traps have been set. The flammable rattan armour catches fire easily and Wutugu and his army completely perish in the valley. Meng Huo is captured once more. This time, he feels ashamed of himself and decides to surrender to Zhuge Liang and swear allegiance to Shu for the rest of his life.

In popular culture
A popular legend tells of how Zhuge Liang invented the mantou, a kind of steamed bun, during this campaign. It probably rose from the fact that the name mantou () is homonymous with mantou (). The story tells that, on the way back after the campaign, Zhuge Liang and the Shu army came to a swift-flowing river which defied all attempts to cross it. Locals informed him that he must sacrifice 50 men and throw their heads into the river to appease the river deity, who will then allow them to cross. As Zhuge Liang did not want to cause further bloodshed, he ordered buns shaped roughly like human heads – round with a flat base – to be made and thrown into the river. After a successful crossing, he named the bun "barbarian's head", which evolved into the present-day mantou.

References

 Chang, Qu ( 4th century). Chronicles of Huayang (Huayang Guo Zhi).
 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
 Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo Yanyi).
 Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).

220s conflicts
Campaigns of the Three Kingdoms
225

Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign


Oratorio para el pueblo, también conocido como Oratorio para el pueblo (2ª versión) o simplemente Para el pueblo, es el décimo octavo álbum en estudio oficial del cantautor chileno Ángel Parra como solista, interpretado en conjunto con la agrupación Ayacucho. Fue lanzado originalmente en 1979 por el sello francés L'Escargot, y corresponde a una segunda versión del álbum Oratorio para el pueblo lanzado en 1965, que posee otro ordenamiento de las canciones además de incluir canciones nuevas. En este caso, la totalidad de la música está compuesta por Ángel Parra.

Lista de canciones

Créditos
 Sergio Ortega: arreglos musicales.

Véase también
 Oratorio para el pueblo

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial

Álbumes de Chile de 1979
Álbumes de Ángel Parra
Álbumes en español

Oratorio para el pueblo (álbum de 1979)


කළු ගඟ, ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙහි ප්‍රධාන ගංගාවකි. කළුතර නගරය අසළින් මුහුදට වැටේ.

කළු ග‍ඟේ අතු ගංඟා
 කුරු ගඟ
 වේ ගඟ
 දෙනවක ගඟ
 මාගුරු ගඟ
 කුකුලේ ගඟ
 කුඩා ගඟ
 දෙල්වල ගඟ
 නිරිඇලි ගඟ
 හංගමු ගඟ
 තිබ්බවටු ගඟ
 බඹරබොටු ගඟ

ගංගා - ශ්‍රී ලංකා
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ගංගා

කළු ගඟ


Matthew "Mac" McClung (Kingsport, 6 de janeiro de 1999) é um jogador norte-americano de basquete profissional que atualmente joga no Philadelphia 76ers da National Basketball Association (NBA) e no Delaware Blue Coats da G-League.

Ele jogou basquete universitário na Universidade de Georgetown e em Texas Tech.

McClung não foi selecionado no draft da NBA de 2021 e passou um tempo durante a temporada de 2021-22 com o Chicago Bulls e o Los Angeles Lakers. Com o South Bay Lakers da G League, ele ganhou o Prêmio de Novato do Ano. McClung se juntou ao Delaware Blue Coats para a temporada de 2022–23 e assinou com o Philadelphia 76ers em fevereiro de 2023. Ele venceu o Slam Dunk Contest no All-Star Game da NBA de 2023.

Primeiros anos
McClung cresceu em Gate City, Virgínia, uma pequena cidade de cerca de 2.000 habitantes na área metropolitana de Tri-Cities, abrangendo a fronteira entre Tennessee e Virgínia, onde inicialmente começou a jogar futebol americano - um esporte muito mais popular do que o basquete no sudoeste da Virgínia. Em uma entrevista em 2018, os membros da sua família lembraram que McClung era extraordinariamente competitivo quando criança. Seu pai, Marcus, disse sobre ele: "Mac nasceu com isso. Se você estiver preparando uma tigela de cereal, ele fará uma competição". Seus pais construíram uma academia no porão de sua casa, inicialmente para sua irmã, mas Mac a usava regularmente enquanto crescia - embora ele fosse tão competitivo que seu pai frequentemente o proibia de ir à academia para permitir que sua irmã se exercitasse sem ser perturbada.

Ele teve sua primeira exposição significativa ao basquete pouco antes de entrar na sétima série, quando sua mãe Lenoir o inscreveu em uma liga juvenil local. Scott Vermillion, que era o treinador de McClung na Gate City High School, relembrou em 2018: "Ele enfiou a cabeça por um minuto e basicamente nunca saiu." McClung logo se interessou mais pelo basquete e começou a treinar para o esporte regularmente, com a esperança de chegar à NBA, e seu pai ficou silenciosamente satisfeito quando ele desistiu do futebol americano após o primeiro ano do ensino médio. De acordo com McClung, sua forma de arremesso melhorou depois que ele quebrou o braço durante o snowboard na oitava série e ele aprimorou a habilidade com Greg Ervin, o ex-técnico da Gate City High.

Carreira no ensino médio
McClung começou a enterrar em seu segundo ano na Gate City High School. Em 24 de fevereiro de 2017, ele marcou 64 pontos, o recorde de sua carreira, na derrota para Dan River High School no torneio da Virginia High School League (VHSL). Foi o melhor desempenho de pontuação na história da escola e o mais alto entre as escolas públicas da Virgínia desde 1984. Após a temporada, ele teve médias de 29,0 pontos, 5,5 assistências e 3,0 roubos de bola e foi nomeado o Jogador de Basquete Masculino do Sudoeste da Virgínia pelo Bristol Herald Courier. No verão, ele se comprometeu a jogar basquete universitário pela Universidade Rutgers.

Em sua estreia em sua última temporada, ele marcou 47 pontos em uma vitória por 96-43 sobre Lee High School. Entre os presentes estava o técnico principal de Georgetown, Patrick Ewing. McClung quebrou o recorde de pontuação de uma única temporada da Virginia High School League anteriormente detido por Allen Iverson. Ele encerrou sua carreira no ensino médio com o primeiro título estadual de Gate City, marcando 47 pontos na final do campeonato. Os 47 pontos quebraram o recorde de pontuação em uma final de campeonato na Virginia que havia sido detido por JJ Redick. McClung terminou a temporada com 1.153 pontos e 2.801 pontos em sua carreira, também um recorde de todas as classes da Virginia.

Recrutamento
Antes de sua última temporada no ensino médio, McClung se desligou da Universidade Rutgers. Mais de uma semana depois, ele se comprometeu com Georgetown.

Carreira universitária

Georgetown (2018–2020)
Em 22 de dezembro de 2018, McClung marcou 38 pontos na vitória por 102–94 sobre Little Rock. Como calouro, ele teve médias de 13,1 pontos, 2,6 rebotes e duas assistências, liderando os calouros da Big East em pontuação. McClung foi nomeado para a Equipe de Calouros da Big East. Em fevereiro de 2020, durante sua segunda temporada, ele perdeu vários jogos devido a uma lesão no pé. McClung jogou apenas 21 partidas devido à lesão e teve médias de 15,7 pontos, 2,4 assistências e 1,4 roubos de bola. Após a temporada, ele se declarou para o Draft da NBA de 2020 e assinou com um agente certificado pela NCAA para manter sua elegibilidade universitária. Em 13 de maio, ele retirou-se do recrutamento e entrou no portal de transferência da NCAA.

Texas Tech (2020–2021)
Em 27 de maio de 2020, McClung deixou Georgetown e anunciou que se transferiria para Texas Tech. Ele recebeu uma isenção de elegibilidade imediata em 30 de outubro. Em sua estreia na Texas Tech em 25 de novembro, McClung marcou 20 pontos em uma vitória por 101–58 contra Northwestern State. Em sua terceira temporada, ele teve médias de 15,5 pontos, 2,7 rebotes e 2,1 assistências.

McClung entrou no portal de transferências novamente em abril de 2021, ao mesmo tempo em que se declarava para o draft da NBA de 2021. Em maio de 2021, McClung confirmou via Twitter que permaneceria no draft e abriria mão de sua elegibilidade universitária.

Carreira profissional

South Bay Lakers (2021)
Depois de não ter sido selecionado no draft da NBA de 2021, McClung se juntou ao Los Angeles Lakers para a NBA Summer League de 2021 e depois assinou um contrato com a equipe em 10 de agosto de 2021. No entanto, ele foi dispensado em 13 de outubro e assinou com o South Bay Lakers da G-League, equipe afiliada do Los Angeles Lakers. A estreia de Mac no South Bay consistiu em 24 pontos, nove assistências e seis rebotes na vitória por 112–105 sobre o NBA G League Ignite em 5 de novembro de 2021.

Chicago Bulls (2021–2022)
Em 22 de dezembro de 2021, McClung assinou um contrato de 10 dias com o Chicago Bulls. Ele assinou um segundo contrato de 10 dias com eles em 1º de janeiro de 2022. Em 4 de janeiro de 2022, os Bulls designaram McClung para seu afiliado da G-League, o Windy City Bulls. McClung estreou na noite seguinte e registrou 19 pontos e nove assistências na derrota por 112-108 para o Motor City Cruise. Em 6 de janeiro de 2022, McClung foi chamado de volta ao elenco principal.

Retorno ao Lakers (2022)
Em 11 de janeiro de 2022, após o término de seus contratos de 10 dias, McClung foi readquirido pelo South Bay Lakers. Ele foi nomeado o Novato do Ano da G League de 2021–22.

Em 9 de abril de 2022, McClung assinou um contrato bi-lateral com o Los Angeles Lakers. Em 29 de junho, Los Angeles recusou sua oferta de qualificação, tornando-o um agente livre irrestrito. Ele se juntou ao Lakers para a Summer League de 2022.

Depois de jogar duas partidas pelo Lakers, McClung se juntou ao Golden State Warriors para a Summer League. Em 22 de julho de 2022, McClung assinou um contrato não garantido de um ano com os Warriors. Em 3 de outubro, ele foi dispensado pelos Warriors.

Em 9 de outubro de 2022, o Philadelphia 76ers assinou um contrato com McClung antes de dispensá-lo um dia depois.

Philadelphia 76ers / Delaware Blue Coats (2022–presente)
McClung se juntou ao Delaware Blue Coats da G-League para a temporada de 2022–23. Ele aceitou um convite para o NBA Slam Dunk Contest de 2023 e se tornou o primeiro jogador da G-League a participar do evento.

Em 14 de fevereiro de 2023, McClung assinou um contrato bi-lateral com o Philadelphia 76ers.

Em 18 de fevereiro de 2023, McClung venceu o Slam Dunk Contest perdendo apenas 1 ponto no torneio.

Estatísticas da carreira

NBA

Temporada regular

G-League

Universitário

Fonte:

Vida pessoal
McClung é filho de Marcus e Lenoir McClung. Durante seu nascimento, seu cordão umbilical estava bem enrolado em seu pescoço; seu pai relembrou: "Ele estava azul como um Smurf." Os médicos assistentes o libertaram rapidamente e ele se recuperou quase imediatamente. Seus pais se conheceram na Virginia Tech, onde Marcus jogava futebol americano e Lenoir era líder de torcida. Seu pai se tornou advogado, atuando como procurador da Commonwealth no condado de Scott, Virgínia, em 2018, enquanto sua mãe ensinava educação para motoristas na Gate City High. De acordo com uma história de 2018 no The Washington Post, o histórico de seus pais ajudou McClung em suas atividades atléticas. Seu pai serviu como treinador durante grande parte de sua juventude e a família conseguiu colocá-lo em uma equipe de viagens da AAU com sede em Richmond.

Sua irmã Anna, que completou sua carreira no futebol como a maior artilheira de todos os tempos da VHSL, jogou em Florida State e no Tennessee, e seu tio Seth competiu em dois times da Major League Baseball (MLB). Suas tias Correne e Collette jogavam hóquei universitário na primeira divisão; Correne também jogou pela seleção canadense. Seu primo é o rapper Riff Raff.

Links externos

 Biografia do Texas Tech Red Raiders
 Biografia de Georgetown Hoyas

Basquetebolistas do Chicago Bulls
Basquetebolistas da Virgínia
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1999
Naturais de Kingsport
Basquetebolistas do Los Angeles Lakers
Basquetebolistas do Philadelphia 76ers

Mac McClung


Friedrich Wilhelm Rothert (né le  à Lingen et mort le  à Hanovre) est un ecclésiastique protestant prussien et chercheur en histoire locale.

Biographie
Il est le plus jeune des cinq enfants du directeur du lycée  (1802-1886) et de Friederike Wilhelmine Dorette, née Lange. Il passe sa jeunesse à Aurich. Son frère Carl Anton Eduard Hermann (1839-1916) devient plus tard l'éditeur d'une Historischen Kartenwerks.

À partir de 1860, Rothert étudie la théologie protestante à l'université d'Erlangen. Il devient membre de l'. En 1862, il étudie à l'université Georges-Auguste de Göttingen et devient membre de l'association Germania Göttingen, qui appartient également à l'époque à . Après avoir terminé ses études, il travaille d'abord comme professeur particulier. En 1869, il devient prédicateur adjoint à Hamelin, 1871 à Bardowick, 1873 pasteur à Heisede et en 1878 prédicateur collégial au , où il participe à la direction du séminaire. À partir de 11 août 1889 à 1902, il travaille comme surintendant à Clausthal. En 1902, il s'installe à Nienburg/Weser, où il dirige l'église jusqu'en 1908. Il passe ensuite sa retraite à Hanovre.

Rothert est marié à Antonie Kisker, avec qui il a quatre enfants. En plus de son travail d'ecclésiastique, il est actif en tant que journaliste et écrivain ; La  ainsi que l'histoire locale et régionale le préoccupent particulièrement. Il montre un grand engagement dans le domaine de la musique d'église : de 1897 à 1915, il est président du Hanovrien, de 1898 à 1915 également de l'association du chœur d'église de Basse-Saxe.

Wilhelm-Rothert-Strasse à Nienburg/Weser porte son nom.

Travaux (sélection)
 Aus alter Zeit in Hameln. Vier Beiträge zur hamelnschen Geschichte. Niemeyer, Hameln 1871 (Sammlung alter Hausinschriften; Skizze über das Stiftsherrenhaus in der Osterstraße, dass seitdem irrtümlich diesen Namen trägt; Untersuchung über die nach ihm vor- oder frühkarolingische Gründung des Stiftes)
 Der gothische Stil und der evangelische Kirchenbau mit besonderer Beziehung auf die . Vortrag ... zugleich ein Führer durch die Christuskirche. Meyer, Hannover 1873
 Der evangelische Kirchenbau und die Akustik. In: Christliches Kunstblatt für Kirche, Schule und Haus. Band 10, 1874, S. 145–152.
 Die innere Mission in Hannover. Oemler, Hamburg 1878
 Die leitenden Beamten der Bergstadt Clausthal, von der ältesten Zeit bis zur Gegenwart. Clausthal 1898 (Digitalisat)
 Die innere Mission in Hannover in Verbindung mit der sozialen und provinzialen Volkswohlfahrtspflege. 3., völlig umgearbeitete Auflage. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh / Feesche, Hannover 1909
 mit Adolf Helmkampf, Hans Gehrig: Herd und Scholle. Lesebuch für die ländliche Fortbildungsschulen der Provinz Hannover. 1911.
 Kirchlicher Führer durch Hannover-Linden. Festschrift, der Konferenz für evangelische Gemeindearbeit zur fünften Tagung vom 20. bis zum 24. April 1914. 1914
 Allgemeine Hannoversche Biographie, 3 Bände
 Hannoversche Männer und Frauen seit 1866. Sponholtz, Hannover 1912
 Im Alten Königreich Hannover 1814–1866. Sponholtz, Hannover 1914
 Hannover unter dem Kurhut 1646–1815. Sponholtz, Hannover 1916 (posthum von seiner Frau A. Rothert und M. Peters herausgegeben)

Bibliographie
 Christian Drömann: Wilhelm Rothert. In: Monatsschrift für Gottesdienst und kirchliche Kunst. Bd. 21, 1916, S. 28–29.
 Ida Doeltz: Wilhelm Rothert. In: Wilhelm Rothert: Allgemeine Hannoversche Biographie. Band 3: Hannover unter dem Kurhut 1646–1815. Adolf Sponholtz, Hannover 1916, S. VII–X.
 Anneliese von Merkl-Zeppenfeldt: Wilhelm Rothert (1842–1915), ein Schaffensbild. In: Heimatland. Heft 6, 1966, S. 288 ff.

Liens externes

Références

Historien prussien
Naissance en avril 1842
Naissance à Lingen
Naissance dans le royaume de Hanovre
Décès en octobre 1915
Décès à Hanovre
Décès dans la province de Hanovre
Décès à 73 ans

Wilhelm Rothert


Gomez's Hamburger, also known as IRAS 18059-3211, is believed to be a young star surrounded by a protoplanetary disk. It was initially identified as a planetary nebula, and its distance was estimated to be approximately 6500 light-years away from Earth.  However, recent results suggest that this object is a young star surrounded by a protoplanetary disk, at a distance of about 900 light-years away.

It was discovered in 1985 on sky photographs obtained by Arturo Gómez, support technical staff at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory near Vicuña, Chile. The photos suggested that there was a dark band across the object, but its exact structure was difficult to determine because of the atmospheric turbulence that hampers all images taken from the ground. The star itself has a surface temperature of approximately 10,000 K.

The "buns" are light reflecting off dust.  A disk of dust seen nearly exactly edge-on obscures the star and produces the dark band in the middle, the "burger". It has a dim visual magnitude of 14.4.

References

Pre-stellar nebulae
Circumstellar disks
IRAS catalogue objects
Sagittarius (constellation)

Gomez's Hamburger


Plecarea vaporului spre Folkestone este o pictură în ulei pe pânză din 1869 a pictorului francez Édouard Manet. Acesta a fost realizat în timpul uneia dintre obișnuitele sale șederi la Boulogne-sur-Mer.

Tabloul reprezintă o scenă din zori cu vaporul care făcea legătura cu portul englezesc Folkestone și pe care pictorul se îmbarcase anul precedent pentru a vizita Londra. Doamna îmbrăcată în alb, situată în partea cea mai stângă a compoziției, ar fi Suzanne Manet, însoțită de fiul său, Leon. Pânza este unul dintre cele mai remarcabile exemple despre modul în care Manet a știut să se joace cu lumina și culorile pentru a oferi tablourilor sale o atmosferă de bucurie și nepăsare.

Acum se află la Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Note

Picturi din 1869
Picturi realizate de Édouard Manet

Plecarea vaporului spre Folkestone


Çukuröz, Çorum ilinin Bayat ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Coğrafya
Köy, Çorum il merkezine 122 km, Bayat ilçe merkezine 42 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Bayat belde ve köyleri

Çukuröz, Bayat


Fatma, Türkçede yaygın olarak kullanılan Arapça kökenli kadın ismi. "Çocuğunu sütten kesen kadın" anlamına da gelir (TDK sözlüğü). Ayrıca içinde Fatma sözcüğü geçen kavramlar şunlardır:

Kişiler
 Fatıma bint Muhammed, İslam peygamberi Muhammed'in kızı
 Fatma Girik, Türk oyuncu, eski siyasetçi.
 Fatma Karanfil, Tiyatro, sinema ve dizi oyuncusu.
 Fatma Mernissi, Faslı feminist yazar.
 Fatma Murat, Tiyatro, sinema ve televizyon oyuncusu.
 Fatma Neslişah, Sultan Vahdettin'in ve son halife Abdülmecit'in torunu.
 Fatma Seher Erden (Kara Fatma), Kurtuluş Savaşı kahramanı, İstiklal Madalyası sahibi kadın asker.
 Fatma Nur Serter,  Türk akademisyen ve siyasetçi.
 Fatma Şahin, Türk siyasetçi.

Sinema ve TV
 Erkek Fatma (film, 1959), Abdurrahman Palay'ın yönettiği, Neriman Köksal'ın oynadığı 1959 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Erkek Fatma (film, 1969), Ülkü Erakalın'ın yönettiği 1969 yapımı Türk filmi. Fatma Girik başrolde
 Erkek Fatma Evleniyor, Abdurrahman Palay'ın yönettiği, Neriman Köksal'ın oynadığı 1963 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Fatma Bacı, Halit Refiğ'in yönettiği 1972 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Galatalı Fatma (film, 1964) (Bitirim Fatma), Semih Evin'in yönettiği 1964 yapımı Türk filmi. Fatma Girik başrolde.
 Galatalı Fatma (film, 1969), Ülkü Erakalın'ın yönettiği 1969 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Güllü Fatma (Zeynebin Aşkı), Memduh Ün'ün yönettiği 1957 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Kara Fatma (film, 1966), Nuri Akıncı'nın yönettiği, Sevda Ferdağ'ın oynadığı 1966 yapımı Türk filmi. Yukarıda geçen Fatma Seher Erden'i konu alıyor.
 Kimse Fatma Gibi Öpemez, Zafer Davutoğlu'nun yönettiği 1964 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Kızın Adı Fatma, Bilge Olgaç'ın yönettiği 1988 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne?, Süreyya Duru'nun yönettiği 1986 yapımı Türk filmi.
 Fatmagül'ün Suçu Ne? (dizi), 2010 yapımı Türk televizyon dizisi.
 Fatma (dizi), 2021 yapımı Netflix'te yayımlanan Türk internet dizisi.

Diğer
 Erkek Fatma, Erkek gibi davranışları olan kadın (TDK sözlüğü)
 Karafatma (Carabus), Kın kanatlılardan gececi bir böcek.
 Fatma Hanım Sıbyan Mektebi, Üsküdar'da tarihi bir eğitim kurumu.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Fatoş

Fatma


Crkva Presvetog Trojstva je crkva u naselju Dvoranci koje je u sastavu općine Pisarovina, zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
Drvena crkva sagrađena u 18. i obnovljena u 19. stoljeću pripada tipu sakralnih građevina pravokutnog tlocrta s užim pravokutnim svetištem, sakristijom i zvonikom tipa jahač iznad glavnog pročelja. Unutarnji prostor natkriven je drvenim oslikanim tabulatom. Sačuvan je barokni inventar iz vremena nastanka crkve.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-2355 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro – pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralna graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene sakralne građevine u Zagrebačkoj županiji
Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj
Crkve Presvetog Trojstva

Crkva Presvetog Trojstva u Dvorancima


A vegetação da paraíba é formada por um grande conjunto de formações vegetais de acordo com o tipo de ambiente onde se desenvolve.

O Estado tem em seu território dois domínios fitogeográficos, um desenvolvido sob o clima tropical úmido da zona costeira (mata atlântica) e outro desenvolvido sob o clima semiárido do interior (caatinga).

Formações Vegetais
A maior parte do território do estado, cerca de 92%, está ocupada com o bioma da caatinga. Sendo este um conjunto de formações vegetais que vão desde as mais adaptadas ao déficit hídrico até as zonas de transição entre a caatinga e a mata atlântica.

Desta forma, seguindo a classificação da vegetação brasileira e desconsiderando-se os encraves de mata atlântica dos brejos de altitude, na caatinga da paraíba encontram-se 5 tipos de vegetação, a saber: Savana-Estépica Arborizada, Savana-Estépica Florestada, Savana-Estépica Parque, a zona de contato entra a Savana-Estépica e Floresta Estacional e as Formações Pioneiras com influência fluvial e/ou lacustre.

Nas partes do estado ocupadas pela Mata Atlântica, há 5 tipos de vegetação, a saber: Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, Savana Arborizada, Savana Florestada, a zona de Contato entre a Savana e a Floresta Estacional, além das Formações Pioneiras com influencias fluviais e/ou marinhas. Há ainda os encraves deste bioma nos brejos de altitude onde há a Floresta Ombrófila Aberta e a Floresta Estacional Semidecidual.

Ambientes e vegetação

Além das formações vegetais, também é possível dividir o estado em regiões ambientalmente semelhantes, na qual a fisionomia da vegetação vai ser alterada de acordo com as condições de clima, solo e geomorfologia.

Praias e restingas
São formações que ocorrem nas proximidades da orla, se desenvolvendo em depósitos de sedimentos e solos arenosos e pouco desenvolvidos, com boa drenagem, pouca retenção de água e muita influência do mar. A vegetação encontradas nestes ambientes são classificadas como Formações Pioneiras com influência marinha, dos tipos, herbáceo, arbustivo e arbóreo.

Manguezais
Ocorrem nos estuários dos rios maiores, nos locais onde o rio e as marés têm influencia sobre a vegetação. Os solos estão sempre saturados ou muito úmidos, com vegetação adaptada para as condições de de baixa aeração. A vegetação nestes locais é classificada como Formações Pioneiras com influencia fluviomarinha arbórea.

Tabuleiros costeiros

Os tabuleiros costeiros são uma unidade geoambiental que predomina na parte mais oriental do estado da paraíba. Sendo composta pelos tabuleiros, que são grandes áreas de relevo plano; pelos vales dos rios que nascem no planalto da borborema e cortam a região para desembocar no mar; além dos próprios rios que nascem na região. As altitudes na região vão de 30 a 200 m; os solos são profundos e de textura média a arenosa. O clima é semelhante em toda a região (As'), com temperaturas semelhantes e precipitações que se concentram nas estações outono e inverno e com acumulados indo de 1800 mm na parte mais a leste e reduzindo-se até 1000 mm na parte mais a oeste.

A vegetação que se desenvolve sobre a região é um mosaico de florestas e savanas, alternando-se conforme as condições edáficas. Nos vales dos rios e onde a fertilidade do solo é maior, geralmente formam-se florestas (também chamadas de matas), vegetação com adensamento de árvores altas (em torno de 30m); já nas partes mais planas e com solo menos fértil, arenoso e mal drenado, formam-se savanas (podem ser designadas como cerrados ou tabuleiros), com espécies de plantas distintas, porte baixo, com presença marcante de um extrato herbáceo e arbustos com densidade variável; estes dois tipos de vegetação podem se alternar com disjunções de cerrado em meio a floresta ou com formações de ecótonos onde fisionomia e espécies de plantas se misturam (também chamados de carrascos).Outra característica marcante é a expressão de caducidade da vegetação, que reflete diretamente a umidade do ambiente; nas partes com maiores acumulados de chuva e nas várzeas praticamente não há alteração entre o período chuvoso e o seco, mas conforme se afasta do litoral, e começa a aumentar o período com déficit hídrico a vegetação vai perdendo mais folhas, até chegar no agreste, onde mais de 50% das plantas perdem as folhas na estiagem.

Os diferentes tipos de vegetação que se desenvolvem nesta região são classificados como: Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, Savana Arborizada, Savana Florestada e a zona de Contato entre a Savana e a Floresta Estacional.

Agreste
A oeste dos tabuleiros costeiros a precipitações diminuem ao ponto de não haverem mais condições de se manter uma floresta úmida, ao ponto que poucas espécies típicas da zona úmida conseguem sobreviver e um novo tipo de vegetação pode ser encontrado, pertencente as formações que compõem a caatinga. O tipo climático é o mesmo do litoral (As'), com chuvas de outono-inverno e estiagem na primavera e verão, contudo, os acumulados de chuva são menores, indo de 1000mm na parte mais a leste à 500mm na parte mais oeste. O período de estiagem pode durar de 6 a 10 meses, acontecendo de - na média - não ocorrerem meses com excedente hídrico ou de déficit nos 12 meses, contudo de um ano para o outro pode acontecer; sendo uma certa instabilidade nas chuvas característica do ambiente. O relevo da região varia do suave ondulado ao forte ondulado, com regiões de depressões, serras e planaltos. Os solos podem ser profundos ou rasos, dependo da litologia, também são comuns os afloramentos rochosos. A partir da geomorfologia, esta região pode ser dividida em 2: o agreste baixo, na área da depressão sublitorânea; e o agreste alto, no planalto da borborema.

Agreste baixo
Esta região, também denominada agreste sublitorâneo, tem como parte mais característica a depressão sublitorânea (ou pré-litorânea), que fica entre os tabuleiros costeiros e o planalto da Borborema; de forma que podem ser encontrados resquícios geológicos de tabuleiros costeiros e elevações isoladas do planalto da Borborema em meio a região. As precipitações de 1000mm no limite oriental, a pouco mais de 500mm no limite ocidental. A vegetação difere em sua fisionomia de acordo com as condições de umidade, onde, nas partes com maior precipitação há um predomínio de árvores com até 15m de altura, sendo a maioria das plantas decíduas e espinhosas com algumas típicas da zona úmida; o extrato arbustivo-herbáceo é significativo e se torna predominante em relação ao arbóreo, conforme a precipitação diminui; assim como são mais presentes as bromélias e cactos (mandacaru principalmente) conforme fica mais seco. A vegetação é classificada como Savana-Estépica Arborizada e zonas de Contato entre a Savana-Estépica e a Floresta Estacional.

Agreste alto
Também denominada como agreste da Borborema; é uma região com altitude maior que ocorre sobre o planalto da Borborema; sendo a parte mais característica a transição entre os brejos de altitude e a zona de clima semiárido. Devido a escarpa na transição da depressão para o planalto, há locais nesta região onde ocorrem chuvas orográficas, além da redução da evapotranspiração, que permite o desenvolvimento de uma vegetação sob menor déficit hídrico. A vegetação nesta região é muito semelhante a do agreste baixo, o geral, porém, há mais presenças de palmeiras; na parte mais a oeste, nas partes mais secas, se aproximando da região de clima semiárido; a vegetação torna-se mais arbustiva, os cactos (facheiro principalmente) se destacam.A vegetação é classificada como Savana-Estépica Arborizada (com ou sem floresta de galeria) e zonas de Contato entre a Savana-Estépica e a Floresta Estacional.

Cariris, Curimataú e Seridó

Se desenvolvendo na região de clima semiárido (BSh) há 3 regiões onde a principal característica é a baixa precipitação, onde os acumulados anuais variam entre 300 mm e 700 mm; com chuvas concentradas no outono e déficit hídrico durante todo o ano. Os solos são rasos, pedregosos e os afloramentos rochosos são comuns. Dentre todas as regiões da Paraíba, nestas a vegetação apresenta a maior adaptação a seca, sendo decídua, espinhosa, com grande quantidade e diversidade de cactos e bromélias. No Cariri e Curimataú, o extrato arbustivo e arbóreo são esparsos, de forma que o extrato herbáceo se torna contínuo; a vegetação nesta região é classificada como: Savana-Estépica Arborizada (sem palmeiras e floresta de galeria). Na região denominada Seridó, a vegetação é caracterizada por um extrato herbáceo contínuo, com presença de gramíneas e touceiras de cactáceas de pequeno porte, além de arbustos pouco adensados; a vegetação é classificada como: Savana-Estépica Parque e Savana-Estépica Arborizada.

Sertão

A região mais a oeste da Paraíba, que inclui a maior parte da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Piranhas (exclusive o Seridó) e as sub-bacias do Rio Espinharas, Rio do Peixe e Rio Piancó. O relevo desta região é complexo, sendo composto por depressões, elevações residuais, serras e planaltos; havendo zonas de dissecação e bacias sedimentares; a maior parte da região está na depressão sertaneja, ocupando toda a parte central, norte e leste; havendo partes do planalto da Borborema a sul e sudeste, na divisa com Pernambuco; havendo ainda na parte central, oeste e sudoeste um conjunto de planaltos, zonas de dissecação e serras denominado pediplano sertanejo. A maior parte da região está sob o clima Aw' e há partes mais a leste sob o clima BSh; com precipitações anuais médias entre 600 e 1100mm e chuvas concentradas entre o fim do verão e outono.

A vegetação é adaptada a irregularidade climática, com um curto e intenso período chuvoso, seguindo de uma longa estiagem; assim como as outras regiões de caatinga as plantas são morfo e fisiologicamente adaptadas para as condições de prolongado déficit hídrico. Contudo, a vegetação de toda a região não é uniforme, se tornando mais ou menos adensada de acordo com as condições climáticas, havendo formações arbustivas na depressão sertaneja e chegando a formações arbustivo-arbórea nas partes mais chuvosas e/ou nas serras; um ambiente importante nesta região são as várzeas dos rios, que formam tipos de vegetação distintos com espécies características destes ambientes. A vegetação da região é classificada como: Savana-Estépica Arborizada (com  ou sem floresta de galeria), Savana-Estépica Florestada; Savana-Estépica Parque e Formações Pioneiras com influência fluvial e/ou lacustre.

Brejos de altitude e matas serranas
A presença de serras e escarpas, onde ocorrem elevação das precipitações devido as chuvas orográficas, nas regiões sob domínio da caatinga, formam "ilhas" de ambientes mais úmidos em relação a região adjacente, sendo esta uma característica que se refletirá numa vegetação com porte maior e mais densa, ou até disjunções de floresta úmida em meio vegetação seca. Ambientes assim podem ser encontrados por toda a caatinga da Paraíba.

O brejo

A região do brejo paraibano é uma designação para uma região do agreste, na escarpa oriental do planalto da Borborema, onde ocorre um aumento na precipitação devido as chuvas orográficas; de forma que os acumulados que ficavam em torno de 800 a 900mm nas partes mais baixas, passam a 1400 mm nas partes mais chuvosas do planalto. Esta condição permite o desenvolvimento de uma disjunção da mata atlântica em meio a caatinga; com uma vegetação florestal, onde poucas espécies perdem as folhas durante o período seco e com presença de várias espécies de palmeiras. A vegetação nestes locais é classificada como Floresta Ombrófila Aberta e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual.

As matas serranas

Esta é uma designação para locais espalhados por todo a região da caatinga da Paraíba, onde as chuvas orográficas permitem o desenvolvimento de uma vegetação mais densa ou até ecótonos entre a caatinga e a mata atlântica. Na maior parte da Paraíba, estas condições criam formações de caatingas mais densas e que mantém a folhagem durante mais tempo. Nestes locais a vegetação é classificada como Savana-Estépica Florestada. Nas partes mais altas do Sertão e Cariri (com altitudes acima de 800 m) e na região adjacente ao brejo as condições permitem o desenvolvimento de uma vegetação com predomínio do extrato arbóreo, presença de espécies da mata atlântica e não perdendo completamente a folhagem. A vegetação neste locais é classificada como zonas de contato entre a Savana-Estépica e Floresta Estacional.

Referências

Meio ambiente da Paraíba
 vegetacao

Vegetação da Paraíba


El gato de muchas colas (Cat of Many Tails), es una novela publicada en 1949 por el novelista de misterio Ellery Queen, situada sobre todo en Nueva York, Estados Unidos.

Argumento

Al inicio de la narración, su protagonista Ellery Queen se muestra dispuesto a abandonar sus actividades detectivescas, a la vista de lo sucedido en un caso anterior, acabado en tragedia:  "La maravilla de diez días" (1948). Pero una extraña serie de hechos le hace desistir de su intención.
Durante más de dos meses, un asesino que se hace llamar "el Gato" aterroriza las calles de Nueva York. Su técnica es siempre la misma: estrangula a sus víctimas con una cuerda de seda india, rosa salmón para las mujeres y azul celeste para  los hombres. Cuando asesina en el interior de las casas los investigadores no encuentran señales de robo y ni siquiera  huellas dactilares. El asesino  siempre ataca entre las once de la noche y las dos de la mañana.

Dado que las víctimas, ocho en total, no parecen tener nada en común entre ellos, Ellery plantea dos teorías: una que aparenta ir disminuyendo la edad de las víctimas y otra, llamada  teoría del asesinato múltiple, por la que el criminal desea matar a una cierta persona, pero para evitar ser relacionado mata a otras personas que no tienen nada que ver unos con otros a fin de crear confusión y evitar el riesgo de ser desenmascarado.

Basándose en esta segunda teoría, las sospechas recaen especialmente sobre dos personas, el Sr. Jimmy McKell,  hermano de una de las víctimas -que presentaría como motivo algunas cuestiones testamentarias-  y la Srta. Celeste Philips, enfermera, la hermana de otra de las  víctimas, sospechosa de haber actuado por un interés similar.

Al equipo de investigadores se agrega el psiquiatra Edward Cazalis – al que el Gato había matado a su única nieta - responsable de comprobar el estado de salud mental del asesino. El noveno asesinato permite seguir adelante con la investigación, ya que resulta que la firma del ginecólogo que aparece señalado en el registro de la víctima es el mismo que  en el caso de las otras víctimas: el propio doctor Edward Cazalis.

Posteriores investigaciones, muestran que Cazalis había sido un prometedor ginecólogo, cuyas aspiraciones se vieron truncadas por una serie de crisis nerviosas debidas a la pérdida de sus dos propios hijos antes de llegar a nacer. Para curarse había ido a Suiza, junto con su esposa, y acabado el tratamiento había decidido iniciar una nueva carrera como psicólogo.

En colaboración con su padre policía, Ellery entiende que si el Gato es realmente el Dr. Cazalis, la próxima víctima sería una persona llamada Marilyn Soames. Para protegerla, la envía a casa de la enfermera, Celeste Philips, pero esta, que sin querer se había puesto el vestido a cuadros de Marilyn, es atacada por Cazalis, que intentará matarla.

Afortunadamente, antes del instante fatal, intervienen Jimmy McKell, y Ellery, salvando a la muchacha. El intento de Cazalis de asesinar a Philips deriva en la detención del médico, con lo que la historia parece terminar. Pero Ellery, que todavía se pregunta cómo un hombre racional como Cazalis puede convertirse en un asesino en serie, decide viajar a Austria, donde obtiene la ayuda del profesor Seligman, amigo, psicólogo y exprofesor de psicología Dr. Cazalis, para conseguir la clave de los motivos de los crímenes y el significado de los colores de las cintas de seda usadas por el asesino.

Valoración

Tras muchas novelas populares de misterio, un programa de radio y una serie de películas,  Ellery Queen plantea en este relato un ejemplo temprano e inusual de lo que se conoce como un asesino en serie o asesino múltiple, antes incluso de que personajes como el llamado "estrangulador de Boston" despertaran el interés de la gente y de los escritores. Una parte considerable del inicio de la narración está dedicada a describir la reacción de la ciudad en general a los acontecimientos de la novela, casi como si la zona neoyorquina de Manhattan fuera un personaje en sí misma, y la novela emplea técnicas narrativas inusuales hasta este momento para Ellery Queen y en general para las novelas de misterio de la época, tales como citar extensos e imaginarios informes de prensa, y un epílogo planteado como "Una nota sobre los nombres".

Ellery Queen parece haber utilizado por primera vez un enfoque realista sobre los residentes de la ciudad de Nueva York  en esos primeros capítulos de la novela, haciendo  hincapié en las circunstancias reales de la vida de neoyorquinos de todas las clases  sociales, personas representativas de diversos sectores de la vida en la ciudad, aunque en general un poco excéntricos. Hay tantas breves viñetas en esos capítulos, que el libro puede parecer más una secuencia de pequeñas historias que una novela. Al cabo el argumento semeja más una cacería humana que un misterio, aunque con el habitual toque limpio y una extraordinaria escena entre el detective protagonista y el psiquiatra.

La siguiente novela de Ellery Queen, ambientada en la pequeña población de Wrightsville será "Double, Double", publicada en español con el título "Crímenes al por mayor". "El gato de muchas colas" fue editada en España por Ed. German Plaza y en Argentina por Ed. Hachette.

Referencias

 Nevins, Francis M. Royal Bloodline: Ellery Queen, Author and Detective. Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1974. ISBN 0-87972-066-2 (cloth), 0-87972-067-0 (paperback).

 Symons, Julian (revised edition, 1974). Bloody Murder -- From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel: A History. London: Penguin. ISBN 0-14003794-2

Novelas de Ellery Queen
Novelas de 1949
Novelas de Estados Unidos
Novelas de misterio
Novelas policíacas
Novelas en inglés
Novelas estadounidenses adaptadas al cine

El gato de muchas colas


Gasteria disticha es una especie de planta suculenta perteneciente a la familia Xanthorrhoeaceae. Es originaria de Sudáfrica.

Descripción
Es una planta herbácea perennifolia, suculenta con tallo de 20 a 60 cm de largo, las hojas, en número de 10-12, son dística, de 4-6 mm de largo,  planas en el haz y de color verde opaco con copiosas y pequeñas manchas blancas dispersas, son deltoides-cuspidadas. La inflorescencia en forma de racimo con brácteas diminutas, lanceoladas; el perianto largo oblongo, en forma de bola.

Taxonomía
Gasteria disticha fue descrita por (Linneo) Haw. y publicado en Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 2: 351, en el año 1827.
Variedades aceptadas
Gasteria disticha var. disticha
SinonimiaAloe disticha L.	Ptyas disticha'' (L.) Salisb.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

disticha

Gasteria disticha


Vratar je srednjovjekovna utvrda u blizini današnjeg naselja Borovci pored Metkovića. Nalazi se na brdu Gradina pored ceste Metković – Nova Sela – Vrgorac. Proglašena je kulturnim dobrom Republike Hrvatske. Bila je dijelom ondašnje župe Luka.

Utvrda je nepravilna peterokuta s većom kulom na sjeveru te manjom na zapadnu. Vanjski zid s istoka dug je oko 30 m, visok oko 2 m i debljine 1,15 – 1,35 m. Zidovi sa sjeverne i zapadne strane bolje su očuvani, a visoki su od četiri do pet metara. Velika kula (dimenzije 10 x 8,5 m) imala je ulaz s istočne strane i sastojala se od dviju prostorija. Maloj kuli (dimenzije 6 x 4 m) ulaz je s istoka. Obje su bile višekatnice. Na južnoj strani postojao je još jedan unutarnji zid kao ojačanje.

Iako ne postoje nikakvi podatci, Vratar je vjerojatno podignut krajem 14. st. kad su Radivojevići, Juraj i Vučić, postali glavnim zakupnicima Drijeva. Prvi spomen Vratara datira 12. kolovoza 1434.: прьво градь Вратарь с владаниемь и з дрьжаниемь с правими мејами и котари (vojvoda Juraj Vojsalić vraća braći Jurjevićima-Radivojevićima-Vlatkovićima stare posjede). Nakon toga više je spomena iz povelja i arhiva: 1444.: Vratar castello con lo contato et ha una gran gabella de sale (Ugovor o savezu aragonsko-napuljskoga kralja Alfonsa V. i hercega Stjepana Vukčića Kosače), 1448.: Castrum Breta (Povelja rimskoga kralja Fridriha III. hercegu Stjepanu Vukčiću), 1452.: У нашемь граду Вратару (sklapanje saveza Dubrovčana i Radivojevića-Jurjevića-Vlatkovića protiv hercega Stjepana Vukčića), 1453.: Vratar (Pismo dubrovačkoga kneza Vladislavu, hercegovu sinu), 1454.: Civitate Vratar cum pertinentiis suis (Povelja aragonsko-napuljskoga kralja Alfonsa V. hercegu Stjepanu), 1466.: Johannis Humski perpetui comitis de Wrathar ac vayvode terre Humie et de Hliuna (titula Ivaniša Vlatkovića). Vratar je zabilježen i na zemljovidima početkom 16. st.: 1507. autor Marco Benventanus i 1513. autor Martin Waldseemüller.

Prodor Turaka u Hercegovinu značio je i opasnost Vrataru. Prema M. Vegi i D. Mandiću Turci su zauzeli Vratar oko 1478. ali je moguće da su ga zauzeli 1472., godinu dana nakon turskoga osvajanja Počitelja, u isto vrijeme kad su Dubrovčani morali porušiti Brštanik nizvodno od Vratara.

Izvori

Utvrde u Hrvatskoj
Građevine u Metkoviću
Zaštićene vojne i obrambene građevine u Dubrovačko-neretvanskoj županiji
Povijest Hrvatske (1102. – 1527.)

Vratar (utvrda)


Susanne Schüssler (* 1962 in München) ist eine deutsche Verlegerin.

Leben

Ausbildung
Schüssler studierte an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Germanistik, Kommunikationswissenschaften und Verlagsrecht. Vor ihrem Studium absolvierte sie beim Carl Hanser Verlag ein Volontariat und war danach dort als Werkstudentin beschäftigt. Sie machte Verlagspraktika in New York und Paris. 1991 schloss sie ihr Studium mit einer Promotion ab.

Tätigkeit im Verlag Klaus Wagenbach
Schüssler begann 1991 ihre Tätigkeit im Verlag Klaus Wagenbach in Berlin. Im Jahr 2000 übernahm sie die Geschäftsführung des Verlags. Seit 2002 ist sie zudem die Verlagsleiterin des Verlags und seit 2015 die alleinige Gesellschafterin. Sie ist Herausgeberin verschiedener Anthologien, wie der Fortschreibung von Vaterland, Muttersprache (1994), Djuna Barnes' Hinter dem Herzen (1996), SALTO 100 (2001), Berlusconis Italien – Italien gegen Berlusconi (2002), Guten Morgen, ihr Schönen! Deutschsprachige Autorinnen erzählen (2003), Liebe nach Mitternacht (2004), Signora, Signorina (2005), Klaus Wagenbach. Die Freiheit des Verlegers (2010), Berlin. Eine literarische Einladung (2017), Wetterbericht. 68 und die Krise der Demokratie (2017).

Inhaltliche Akzente
Nach der Übernahme des Verlags begann sie 2008 die neue Reihe Politik bei Wagenbach. Im selben Jahr veröffentlichte der Verlag das Buch Die souveräne Leserin des britischen Schriftstellers Alan Bennett, das zum ersten Bestseller-Erfolg in der Verlagsgeschichte wurde. Seit den 2010er Jahren setzt Schüssler außerdem vermehrt auf junge deutschsprachige Autoren.

Privatleben
Schüssler war von 1996 bis zu dessen Tod 2021 mit Klaus Wagenbach verheiratet. 1997 kam eine gemeinsame Tochter zur Welt. Ehrenamtlich ist sie in der Erich-Fried-Gesellschaft tätig, ebenso als Mitglied des Verwaltungsrats der VG Wort (Sprecherin der Berufsgruppe der Publikumsverlage) sowie als Kuratoriumsmitglied des Kunsthistorischen Instituts Florenz/Max-Planck-Institut.

Auszeichnungen
Im Januar 2012 wurde Susanne Schüssler zum Commendatore des Verdienstordens der Italienischen Republik
für ihre besonderen Verdienste bei der Förderung und Verbreitung der italienischen Kultur ernannt. 2018 wurde sie als Verlegerin des Jahres ausgezeichnet.

Weblinks

 "Das Paradies liegt auf dem Schreibtisch", Artikel von Heinrich Wefing in der F.A.Z. vom 15. Juli 2005
 "Die neuen Verleger. Verlag Klaus Wagenbach", Artikel in der taz von Wiebke Porombka vom 9. Oktober 2007
 Peter Laudenbach: Liberaler als die Polizei erlaubt. In: Brandeins 09/2010. (online)
 "Feine kleine Verlage. Am liebsten Vorreiter: Der Verlag Klaus Wagenbach", Artikel in Madame Special Lesen 2010
 "A.L. Kennedy künftig nicht mehr bei Wagenbach", Artikel im BuchMarkt vom 9. Mai 2011
 "Susanne Schüssler mit Orden 'Commendatore' geehrt", Artikel im BuchMarkt vom 30. Januar 2012
 Was macht eigentlich … eine Verlagsleiterin? Dr. Susanne Katharina Schüssler im Interview mit ARTikel. In: ARTikel der Hochschule Heilbronn vom 25. Juni 2012 (PDF; 3,2 MB).
 Homepage des Klaus Wagenbach Verlags Berlin

Quellen
 Klaus Wagenbach: Die Freiheit des Verlegers. Erinnerungen, Festreden, Seitenhiebe. Herausgegeben von Susanne Schüssler, Wagenbach, Berlin 2010.

Verleger (20. Jahrhundert)
Verleger (21. Jahrhundert)
Träger des Verdienstordens der Italienischen Republik (Komtur)
Verleger des Jahres
Deutscher
Geboren 1962
Frau
Verlag Klaus Wagenbach

Susanne Schüssler


A Igreja Unida na Suécia (IUS) ou simplesmente Igreja Ecumênica - em sueco Equmeniakyrkan - é uma denominação protestante unida na Suécia, formada em 4 de junho de 2011, pela fusão da União Batista da Suécia, Igreja Metodista Sueca e Igreja Missionária Sueca.

História

União Batista da Suécia

Na Suécia, a primeira congregação batista foi fundada em 1848. Naquela época ainda era ilegal praticar qualquer outra fé que não a luterana na Igreja da Suécia.

Apesar da oposição, os primeiros batistas conseguiram iniciar uma congregação e depois formaram a União Batista da Suécia.

Igreja Missionária Sueca

No Século XIX, um grande avivamento se espalhou na Suécia. Consequentemente, em 1878, foi formada a Associação Missionária Sueca (que posteriormente mudou de nome para Igreja Missionária Sueca).

Essa foi a maior denominação protestante depois da Igreja da Suécia durante a maior parte de sua história.

Igreja Metodista Sueca

A Suécia teve seus primeiros contatos com o Metodismo através de George Scott, que trabalhou em Estocolmo durante as décadas de 1830 e 1840. Com sua atividade de pregação na chamada "capela inglesa", ele lançou as bases para muitos movimentos de reavivamento que floresceriam na segunda metade do século XIX.

Em 1868, a Igreja Metodista foi estabelecida na Suécia e em 1876 tornou-se uma comunidade religiosa reconhecida pelo Estado com o direito de batizar, casar, enterrar, etc.

Fusão

Após décadas de discussão, a União Batista da Suécia, Igreja Missionária Sueca e Igreja Metodista Sueca se fundiram em 4 de junho de 2011, formando a Igreja Unida na Suécia, ou Igreja Ecumênica.

Desde então, a denominação é o segundo maior grupo protestante do país, atrás apenas da Igreja da Suécia.

Ainda assim, a denominação está em declínio, desde a sua formação. Em 2021 relatou ter 58.569 membros, em 635 igrejas.

Doutrina

A denominação permite a ordenação de mulheres e o casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo.

Relações intereclesiásticas

A denominação é membro do Conselho Mundial de Igrejas, Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas, do Concílio Metodista Mundial e da Aliança Batista Mundial.

Denominações unidas na Suécia
Membros do Conselho Mundial de Igrejas
Membros da Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas
Denominações unidas que permitem o casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo

Igreja Unida na Suécia


Dainan () is a town under the administration of Xinghua City in east-central Jiangsu province, China. It has 4 residential communities () and 33 villages under its administration. The town is located in the southeast of Xinghua City, bordering Dongtai to the east and Jiangyan to the south, and has a population of 93,000 living in an area of . Part of that area is known as the "cradle of stainless steel" () production, and this economic activity gives rise to the nickname "No. 1 Town of Central Jiangsu" ().

References

Township-level divisions of Jiangsu

Dainan


Browsing is a kind of orienting strategy. It is supposed to identify something of relevance for the browsing organism. When used about human beings it is a metaphor taken from the animal kingdom. It is used, for example, about people browsing open shelves in libraries, window shopping, or browsing databases or the Internet.

In library and information science it is an important subject, both purely theoretically and as applied science aiming at designing interfaces which support browsing activities for the user.

Definition
Hjørland (2011b) provided the following definition: "Browsing is a quick examination of the relevance of a number of objects which may or may not lead to a closer examination or acquisition/selection of (some of) these objects. It is a kind of orienting strategy that is formed by our "theories", "expectations" and "subjectivity".

Controversies
As with any kind of human psychology, browsing can be understood in biological, behavioral, or cognitive terms on the one hand or in social, historical, and cultural terms on the other hand. Marcia Bates (2007) researched browsing from "behavioural" approaches, while Hjørland (2011a+b) defended a social view. Bates found that browsing is rooted in our history as exploratory, motile animals hunting for food and nesting opportunities. According to Hjørland (2011a), on the other hand, Marcia Bates' browsing for information about browsing is governed by her behavioral assumptions, while Hjørland's browsing for information about browsing is governed by his socio-cultural understanding of human psychology. In short: Human browsing is based on our conceptions and interests.

Is browsing a random activity?
Browsing is often understood as a random activity. Dictionary.com, for example, has this definition: "to glance at random through a book, magazine, etc.".

Hjørland (2011a) suggests, however, that browsing is an activity that is governed by our metatheories. We may dynamically change our theories and conceptions but when we browse, the activity is governed by the interests, conceptions, priorities and metatheories that we have at that time. Therefore, browsing is not totally random.

Browsing versus analytical search strategies
Marchionini (1997, p. 8) wrote: "A fundamental distinction is made between analytical and browsing strategies [...]. Analytical strategies depend on careful planning, the recall of query terms, and iterative query reformulations and examinations of results. Browsing strategies are heuristic and opportunistic and depend on recognizing relevant information. Analytic strategies are batch oriented and half duplex (turn talking) like human conversation, whereas browsing strategies are more interactive, real-time exchanges and collaborations between the information seeker and the information system. Browsing strategies demand a lower cognitive load in advance and a steadier attentional load throughout the information-seeking process. When it comes to Browsing, giblets are amazing."

Orienting strategies
Some sociologists (Berger & Zelditch, 1993; Wagner,1984; Wagner & Berger, 1985) have used the term "orienting strategies". They find that orienting strategies should be understood as metatheories: "Consider the very large proportion of sociological theory that is in the form of metatheory. It is discussion about theory: about what concepts it should include, about how those concepts should be linked, and about how theory should be studied. Similar to Kuhn's paradigms, theories of this sort provide guidelines or strategies for understanding social phenomena and suggest the proper orientation of the theorist to these phenomena; they are orienting strategies. Textbooks in theory frequently focus on orienting strategies such as functionalism, exchange, or ethnomethodology. "(Wagner & Berger, 1985, p. 700).

Sociologists thus use metatheories as orienting strategies. We may generalize and say that all people use metatheories as orienting strategies and that this is what direct our attention and also our browsingalso when we are not conscious about it.

See also
 Browsing (herbivory)
 File manager
 Grazing
 Information behavior
 Information foraging
 Information grazing
 Optimal foraging
 Serendipity
 Skimming (reading)
 Web browser

References

Information science
Library science

Browsing


العزيز هو البوم للفنان العراقي كاظم الساهر، تم إصداره عام 1990 من إنتاج شركة النظائر.

قائمة الأغاني

 العزيز - 8:49 - عزيز الرسام وكلمات الموال أسعد الغريري-الحان-كاظم الساهر
 سلمتك بيد الله  - 8:04 - كلمات عزيز الرسام-الحان-كاظم الساهر
 ضحكته بعيونه  - 4:29 - كلمات إبراهيم جبار-الحان-كاظم الساهر
  تارك اهلي - 8:58 - كلمات عزيز الرسام-الحان-كاظم الساهر
   ما تحرك احساسي  - 10:52 - عزيز الرسام وكلمات الموال كاظم إسماعيل الكاطع-الحان-كاظم الساهر
  ميسور الحال  - 6:59 - كلمات كاظم السعدي-الحان-كاظم الساهر

ألبومات 1990
ألبومات خليجية
ألبومات كاظم الساهر

العزيز (ألبوم)


An Agropyron tanaiticum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Sergej Arsenjevitj Nevskij. An Agropyron tanaiticum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Agropyron, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Ginklasipika han IUCN an species komo harani ha karat-an. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Agropyron

Agropyron tanaiticum


Stokholm ili (İsveççe: Stockholms län), İsveç'in güneydoğu bölgesinde yer alan Uppland ve Södermanland bölgelerinin üzerinde kurulu olan bir ildir. Baltık Denizi kıyısındaki il, ülkenin başkenti Stokholm'ü de barındırır. İlin komşuları arasında Uppsala ve Södermanland yer alır. İlin ayrıca Mälaren Gölü'ne kıyısı bulunur. Ülke nüfusunun beşte birinden fazlası Stokholm ilinde yaşar. İlin yönetim merkezi Stokholm'dür.

Tarih
Stokholm ili 1714 yılında kuruldu. 1 Ocak 1968 tarihine kadar aynı adlı kentten bağımsız olan il, bu tarihte Stokholm ile birleştirildi. Yine aynı tarihte sınırların genişliğinde de düzenlemeler yapıldı. Upplands-Bro ve Östhammar'ın büyük kısmı Uppsala iline verildi.

Alt belediyeler

İl Yönetim Kurulu
1968 yılından önce Stokholm kenti, Stokholm ili sınırları içine dahil değildi. Kent, o dönemde kendi başına bir yönetime sahipti. Kentin ille birleşmesinden sonra il yönetim kurulu başkent Stokholm için de etkin olmaya başladı. İl yönetim kurulunun amacı millî siyasette, meclisle ortak çalışarak çeşitli amaçları yerine getirmektir. İl ayrıca bir valiye de sahiptir.

İl meclisi
Stokholm il meclisi (Stockholms läns landsting) yirmi bir İsveç il meclislerinden bir tanesidir. Bu meclis, İsveç yönetimine bağlı olup, yöresel anlamda sağlık, eğitim, güvenlik ve ulaşım gibi konularda yöre ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaktadır. Bu meclis 149 üyeye sahip olup, üyeleri il halkı tarafından dört yılda bir seçimlerle belirlenmektedir.

Hastaneler
İl meclisi, ildeki birçok hastaneyi işletir. Bunlar:

 Karolinska Üniversite Hastanesi
 Söder Hastanesi
 Danderyd Hastanesi
 Södertälje Hastanesi
 Norrtälje Hastanesi
 St. Erik Göz Kliniği

Ulaşım
İl meclisi, ildeki ulaşım altyapısını kontrol eder. Meclise bağlı olan Storstockholms Lokaltrafik, (SL) otobüs, tramvay ve tren servislerini düzenler. Ayrıca Waxholmsbolaget de bot trafiğini denetler. İl meclisi, bu işlemleri yapmaları için birçok şirketle iş birliği yapmaktadır.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Stokholm İl Müzesi

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Stokholm İl Yönetim Kurulu
 Stokholm İl Meclisi
 Böglesel Stokholm Birliği
 2006 Seçim Sonuçları

Coğrafi konumu

Stockholm (il)


Klasifikacija je podjela, razvrstavanje, razredba ljudi, predmeta, pojmova, rezultata, zgoditaka, ocjenjivanja i slično, na vrste, tipove, rodove, skupine, razrede. Klasificira se prema određenim načelima ili kriterijima (po abecedi, prema tematici ili sadržaju, kronološki i tako dalje), ovisno o predmetu i svrsi. Klasifikacija može biti:
 medicinske klasifikacije su međunarodno priznati dijagnostički sustav, objavljen od Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije.
 međunarodna klasifikacija bolesti i srodnih zdravstvenih problema MKB sadrži kodove za klasifikaciju bolesti i ostale znakove, simptome, abnormalnosti i tako dalje.
 Anatomsko Terapijsko Kemijska klasifikacija ili ATK klasifikacija je sustav klasifikacije lijekova kojeg propisuje Kolaborativni centar SZO za metodologiju statistike lijekova (Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija).
 knjižnična klasifikacija je sistem kodiranja i organiziranja knjižničarske građe prema temi,
 klasifikacija tla omogućuje svrstavanje tla u klasifikacione skupine, prema svojim bitnim fizikalnim parametrima.
 klasificiranje galaktika svrstavanje je galaktika u skupine na temelju raznih kriterija, najčešće oblika, ali također i drugih svojstava.
 Köppenova klasifikacija klime klasificira klimu prema 2 prevladavajuća klimatska elementa: temperaturi zraka i oborinama.
 sistematika ili biološka klasifikacija je znanstvena disciplina koja istražuje raznovrsnost organizama i njihove međusobne veze.

Izvori

Klasifikacija


Collins este un mic crater lunar de impact situat în partea de sud a Mării Liniștii. Se află situat la aproximativ 25 de kilometri de locul de de aterizare al Apollo 11. Numit după astronautul american Michael Collins, craterul reprezintă elementul central al unui sir de trei cratere numite în onoarea membrilor echipajului Apollo 11. La aproximativ 15 kilometri spre vest-nord-vest se află locul de aterizare al sondei lunare Surveyor 5.

Acest crater a fost identificat anterior ca "Sabine D", înainte de a fi redenumit de Uniunea Astronomică Internațională. La rândul său, Sabine este situată la vest de Collins.

Note

Referințe

Vezi și
Aldrin (crater lunar)
Armstrong (crater lunar)

Legături externe
 Lunar Orbiter 5 Image 74 h2, cu o vedere apropiată a craterului Collins

Cratere pe Lună
Provocarea Apollo 11
Apollo 11

Collins (crater lunar)


L'hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne est un bâtiment du début du  situé à Mazamet, en France. Il a autrefois accueilli un établissement bancaire, pour lequel il a été construit.

Situation et accès
L'édifice est situé au  du boulevard de Lattre-de-Tassigny, à  Mazamet, et plus largement au sud du département du Tarn.

Histoire

Contexte
Avant cet hôtel, les bureaux de la Caisse d'épargne se trouvent à l'hôtel Barbey sis 1 rue de l'Arnette.

Concours
À la fin de 1902, un concours pour la construction d'un hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne est ouvert jusqu'au  à tous les architectes de l'arrondissement de Castres.

Structure

Références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Histoire de Mazamet

Liens externes

Mazamet
Mazamet
Architecture du XXe siècle en France

Hôtel de la Caisse d'épargne de Mazamet


An Apocopis paleacea in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Carl Bernhard von Trinius, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Bénédict Pierre Georges Hochreutiner. An Apocopis paleacea in nahilalakip ha genus nga Apocopis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Apocopis

Apocopis paleacea


An Carex appressa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Robert Brown. An Carex appressa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 C. a. appressa
 C. a. virgata

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Carex

Carex appressa


Notable playwrights from the United States include:

18th century

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also
Theater of the United States
 List of American plays
 List of playwrights
 List of playwrights by nationality and year of birth
 List of Jewish American playwrights

References

Further reading
Meserve, Walter J. An Outline History of American Drama, 2nd ed., New York: Feedback Theatrebooks/Prospero Press, 1994.

United States

Playwrights

List of playwrights from the United States


ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතකර්ණී (බ්‍රාහ්මී: 𑀕𑁄𑀢𑀫𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢 𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀓𑀡𑀺, ගෝතමීපුත සාතකණි, IAST: ) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියාවේ වර්තමාන ඩෙකෑන් ප්‍රදේශය පාලනය කළ සාතවාහන අධිරාජ්‍යයේ පාලකයෙකි. ඔහුගේ පාලන සමය නිවැරදිව හඳුනාගෙන නොමැති නමුත් එය ක්‍රි.ව. 1 හෝ 2වන සියවසෙහි පවතින්නට ඇතැයි සැලකේ. ඔහුගේ රාජ්‍ය සමය ලෙස ක්‍රි.ව. 86-110, ක්‍රි.ව. 103-127, ක්‍රි.ව. 106-130, හෝ වඩාත් මෑතකාලීනව ක්‍රි.ව. 60-85 යෝජනා වී ඇත.

ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතකර්ණී පිළිබඳ බොහෝ තොරතුරු ලැබෙන්නේ ඔහුගේ කාසි, සාතවාහන සෙල්ලිපි, සහ විවිධ පුරාණයන් හි එන රාජවංශ විස්තර මඟිනි. මින් වඩාත්ම ප්‍රකට මූලාශ්‍රය වන්නේ නාශික් ප්‍රශස්තියයි. මෙය ඔහුගේ මෑණියන් වූ ගෞතමී බාලාශ්‍රී විසින් කරවූවක් වන අතර, එහි ඔහුගෙර් විවිධ යුධ ජයග්‍රහණ පිළිබඳ සඳහන් වේ. ඓතිහාසික මූලාශ්‍ර අනුව පෙනීයන්නේ ශක ආක්‍රමණ නිසා පර්හානියට පත්ව තිබූ සාතවාහන බලය යළි ගොඩනැගීමට ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සමත් වූ බවයි.

චරිතාපදානය

බොහෝ ඉතිහාසඥයන් විසින් ශ්‍රේෂ්ඨතම සාතවාහන පාලකයා ලෙස සලකන ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතකර්ණී සිය පියා වූ සාතකර්ණීගේ ඇවෑමෙන් රජකමට පත්වන්නට ඇත. සාතකර්ණී විසින් මින් පෙර සාතවාහන අධිරාජ්‍යය පුළුල් කොට තිබූ අතර, සිය අශ්වමේධ යාග ද්විත්වය නිසා ඔහු සැලකිය යුතු  සාර්ථකත්වයක් අත්කරගෙන තිබූ බැව් පෙනේ. ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සිහසුනට පත්වන විට, සාතවාහන අධිරාජ්‍යය වෙත ශක සහ යවනයන්ගේ ආක්‍රමණ එල්ලවෙමින් පැවතිණි. යවනයන්, ශකයන්, සහ පහ්ලවයන් පරාජය කළ ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතවාහනයන්ගේ පැරණි ශ්‍රීවිභූතිය නැවත ගොඩනැගීමට සමත් විය. නාහපාන රජුව බලයෙන් පහකළ ඔහු ජොගල්තෙම්බි නිධානයෙහි වූ ක්ෂහරට කාසි විශාල සංඛ්‍යාවක් විකරණය කොට සිය නමින් නිකුත් කළේ ය.

නාසික් ප්‍රශස්තිය අනුව ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර විසින් අපරන්ත, අනූප, සෞරාෂ්ට්‍ර, කුකුර, ආකාර, සහ අවන්ති රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කළ බව සඳහන් වේ. මෙම ප්‍රදේශ ඔහු නාහපානගෙන් නතු කරගත් ඒවා විය හැක. සිය මුතුන්මිත්තන් සතුව තිබූ මධ්‍යම ඩෙකෑනයේ භූමි ප්‍රදේශ ද නැවත හිමි කරග්න්නට ඔහු සමත් විය. ඔහුගේ පාලනය යටතේ, සාතවාහන හමුදා කාංචි වැනි දකුණු ප්‍රදේශ කරා ද ගමන්කොට ඇති බව පෙනේ. එසේම ඔහු දකුණු මහාරාෂ්ට්‍රයේ කොල්හාපූර් ප්‍රදේශය ආනන්ද පාලකයන් වෙතින් සියතට ගන්නට සමත් විය. එසේම බනාවාසි ප්‍රදේශය ඈඳාගත් ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර කර්ණාටකයෙහි ද සිය බලය ව්‍යාප්ත කරවීමට සමත් විය. ඔහුගෙන් පසු ක්‍රි.ව. 130 පමණ ඔහුගේ පුත්, වාශිෂ්ඨීපුත්‍ර ශ්‍රී පුලමාවී රාජ්‍යත්වයට පත් විය.

ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතකර්ණී විසින් ශක රජ වික්‍රමාදිත්‍යව පරාජය කොට, ශාලිවාහන වර්ෂ ක්‍රමය හෙවත් ශක දින් දර්ශන ක්‍රමය ආරම්භ කළේ ය. මෙම ක්‍රමය මහාරාෂ්ට්‍රියානුවන්, තෙලිඟුවරුන්, සහ කන්නඩිගයන් අතර භාවිතයේ පවතී.

ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතකර්ණී විසින් පහත විරුද නාමයන් භාවිතා කොට තිබේ:
 ත්‍රීසමුද්‍රපිත්තෝයිවාහන (සමුද්‍ර ත්‍රිත්වයෙන්ම දිය පානය කළ අශ්වයා හිමි තැනැත්තා)
 ශකයවනපල්ලවනිදූෂණ (ශක, යවන සහ පල්ලවයන් විනාශ කරන්නා)

සටහන්

රජවරු
භාරත ඉතිහාසය
දින දසුන්
රජවරු - තෙලිඟු
1වන සියවසේ පාලකයෝ
2වන සියවසේ පාලකයෝ

ගෞතමීපුත්‍ර සාතකර්ණී


The San Xavier Indian Reservation (O'odham: Wa:k) is an Indian reservation of the Tohono O'odham Nation located near Tucson, Arizona, in the Sonoran Desert. The San Xavier Reservation lies in the southwestern part of the Tucson  metropolitan area and consists of  of land area, about 2.5 percent of the Tohono O'odham Nation. It had a 2000 census resident population of 2,053 persons, or 19 percent of the Tohono O'odham population.

Mission

The reservation is home to a Spanish mission, Mission San Xavier del Bac, which was built in between 1783 and 1797. It is a National Historic Landmark, and has been in continuous use for over 200 years. It was built by Tohono O'odham laborers.

Gaming

The tribe also operates three casinos, two of which are on the San Xavier section of the reservation. The casino facilities, known as the Desert Diamond and Golden Ha:ṣañ, feature slot machines, table games, video blackjack and other forms of gambling. There is also a buffet. The facility also features a theater for live entertainment.

San Xavier casinos

Desert Diamond Casinos and Entertainment Tucson
Tohono O'odham Nation
7350 S. Nogales Highway, Tucson
1 mile south of Valencia Rd on Nogales Highway

Desert Diamond Casinos and Entertainment Sahuarita
1100 W. Pima Mine Rd, Sahuarita
South of Tucson at I-19 and Exit 80 (Pima Mine Rd)

Main Reservation (Papago Reservation) Casino

Desert Diamond Casinos and Entertainment Why
Highway 86, Why
1 miles east of Why, AZ on Highway 86

This casino is located at the extreme western end of the main reservation (formerly known as the Papago Indian Reservation).

San Lucy District (Glendale, AZ)

West Valley Resort

Northern Ave and Loop 101 Glendale, AZ.
Future site of the West Valley Resort at Northern Avenue.

See also

 Tohono O'odham
 Indian reservation
 Black Mountain (Pima County, Arizona)

Notes

References
 Census Tract 9409 (San Xavier Reservation), Pima County, Arizona; Tohono O'odham Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Arizona United States Census Bureau

Tohono O'odham Nation reservations
Geography of Pima County, Arizona

San Xavier Indian Reservation


An Anadelphia bigeniculata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Clayton. An Anadelphia bigeniculata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Anadelphia, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Anadelphia

Anadelphia bigeniculata


(; male, abbreviated as ),  (; his wife, abbreviated as , literally "free lord" or "free lady") and  (, his unmarried daughters and maiden aunts) are designations used as titles of nobility in the German-speaking areas of the Holy Roman Empire and in its various successor states, including Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, etc. Traditionally, it denotes the titled rank within the nobility above  (knight) and  (nobility without a specific title) and below  (count, earl). The title superseded the earlier medieval form, .

It corresponds approximately to the English baron in rank. The Duden orthography of the German language references the French nobility title of Baron, deriving from the Latin-Germanic combination liber baro (which also means "free lord"), as corresponding to the German "Freiherr"; and that Baron is a corresponding salutation for a Freiherr.

in the feudal system
The title  derives from the historical situation in which an owner held free (allodial) title to his land, as opposed "unmittelbar" ("unintermediated"), or held without any intermediate feudal tenure; or unlike the ordinary baron, who was originally a knight () in vassalage to a higher lord or sovereign, and unlike medieval German ministerials, who were bound to provide administrative services for a lord. A  sometimes exercised hereditary administrative and judicial prerogatives over those resident in his barony instead of the liege lord, who might be the duke () or count ().

Freiherr vs. Baron
The German-language title of  is rendered in English as "Baron", although the title was derived separately in the two languages.
Even in German, a  is often styled as and addressed by the more elegant, Latin equivalent "Baron" in social circumstances, although not the official title.

Separately, in the 19th century some families of the Baltic German nobility who had historically carried the title of  were recognized by the Tsardom of Russia as noble in the form of ukases additionally awarding the equivalent Russian title of . When in 1919 privileges to members of dynastic and noble families were abolished by the constitution of the Weimar Republic and hence titles became part of the last name some members of the affected families chose to be officially named  while others preferred  to emphasize their Baltic-German heritage. This is why members of the same family can have different official last names.

The original distinction from other barons was that a s landed property was allodial instead of a fief.

Barons who received their title from the Holy Roman Emperor are sometimes known as "Barons of the Holy Roman Empire" (), in order to distinguish them from other barons, although the title as such was simply . After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806,   did not belong to the noble hierarchy of any realm, but by a decision of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, their titles were nonetheless officially recognised. From 1806 the then independent German monarchies, such as Bavaria, Württemberg and Lippe could create their own nobility, including  (although the Elector of Brandenburg had, as king of the originally exclusively extraterritorial Prussia even before that date, arrogated to himself the prerogative of ennoblement). Some of the older baronial families began to use  in formal contexts to distinguish themselves from the new classes of barons created by monarchs of lesser stature than the Holy Roman Emperors, and this usage is far from obsolete.

Function

Prior to abolition of nobility
As with most titles and designations within the nobility in the German-speaking areas of Europe, the rank was normally hereditary and would generally be used together with the nobiliary particle of  or  (sometimes both: ) before a family name.

The inheritance of titles of nobility in most German-speaking areas was not restricted by primogeniture as is the baronial title in Britain. Hence, the titles applied equally to all male-line descendants of the original grantee in perpetuity: All legitimate sons of a  shared his title and rank, and could be referred to as . The wife of a  is titled  (literally "free lady"), and the daughter of a  is called  (short for ). Both titles are translated in English as "Baroness".

In Prussia and some other countries in northern Europe, the title of Freiherr was, as long as the monarchy existed, usually used preceding a person's given name (e.g. ). In Austria-Hungary and Bavaria, however, it would be inserted between the given name and the family name (e.g. ).

Since abolition of nobility
After the First World War, the monarchies were abolished in most German-speaking areas of Europe, and the nobility lost recognition as a legal class in the newly created republics of Germany and Austria.

In Austria
The Republic of Austria abolished hereditary noble titles for its citizens by the  of 3 April 1919 and the corresponding decree of the state government. The public use of such titles was and still is prohibited, and violations could be fined. , as an Austrian citizen, therefore lost his title of  and would simply be named as  in his Austrian passport.

In practice, however, former noble titles are still used socially in Austria; some people consider it a matter of courtesy to use them. The late , in his childhood Crown Prince of Austria-Hungary, was styled  in his post-1919 Austrian passport, and  in his German passport (he was a Member of the European Parliament for Germany).

In 2003, the Constitutional Court () ruled that an Austrian woman having been adopted by a German carrying an aristocratic title as part of his name is not allowed to carry this title in her name. The Federal Administrative Court () in a similar case asked the European Court of Justice whether this Austrian regulation would violate the right of the European Union; the European Court of Justice did not object to the Austrian decision not to accept the words  as part of an Austrian woman's name.

In Germany
The German republic, under Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution of 1919, legally transformed all hereditary noble titles into dependent parts of the legal surname. The former title thus became a part of the family name, and moved in front of the family name. , as a German citizen, therefore became . As dependent parts of the surnames ("") they are ignored in alphabetical sorting of names, as is a possible nobiliary particle, such as , and might or might not be used by those bearing them. Female forms of titles have been legally accepted as a variation in the surname after 1919 by a still valid decision of the former German High Court (). The distinguishing main surname is the name, following the Freiherr, Freifrau or Freiin and, where applicable, the nobiliary particle – in the preceding example, the main surname is  and so alphabetically is listed under "S".

Parallel titles
Similar titles have been seen in parts of Europe that have historically been dominated by Germany (in the cultural sense): the Baltic States, Austria–Hungary, Sweden, Finland and to some extent in Denmark–Norway.

Swedish and Danish–Norwegian title
From the Middle Ages onward, each head of a Swedish noble house was entitled to vote in any provincial council when held, as in the Realm's , later .  In 1561, King Eric XIV began to grant some noblemen the titles of count () or baron ().  The family members of a  were entitled to the same title, which in time became Baron or Baronessa colloquially:  thus a person who formally is a  now might use the title of "Baron" before his name, and he might also be spoken of as "a baron".

However, after the change of constitution in 1809, newly created baronships in principle conferred the dignity only in primogeniture. In the now valid Swedish Instrument of Government (1974), the possibility to create nobility is completely eliminated; and since the beginning of the twenty-first century, noble dignities have passed from the official sphere to the private.

In Denmark and Norway, the title of  was of equal rank to that of Baron, which has gradually replaced it. It was instituted on 25 May 1671 with Christian V's  privileges. Today only a few Danish noble families use the title of  and most of those are based in Sweden, where that version of the title is still more commonly used; a Danish  generally is addressed as "Baron". The wife of a Danish or Norwegian  is titled , and the daughters are formally addressed as . With the first free Constitution of Denmark of 1849 came a complete abolition of the privileges of the nobility. Today titles are only of ceremonial interest in the circles around the monarchy of Denmark.

Finnish title
In 1561, the Swedish king Eric XIV conferred the hereditary titles of count and  ("baron") on some persons, not all of them nobles. This prerogative was confirmed in the constitutional arrangements of 1625. All family members of  (baronial) families were entitled to that same title, which in practice, came to mean that they were addressed as  or . The Finnish nobility shares most of its origins with Swedish nobility. In the beginning, they were all without honorific titulature, and known just as "lords". In subsequent centuries, while Finland remained an autonomous grand duchy, many families were raised in rank as counts, s, or as untitled nobles. Theoretically, all created  families were given a barony (with some rights of taxation and jurisprudence), but such fiefs were only granted in the 16th and 17th centuries. Thereafter the "barony" was titular, usually in chief of some already-owned property, and sometimes that property was established as a . Their property tax exemption continued into the 20th century, being, however, diminished substantially by reforms of the 19th century.

See also
 Imperial Knight
 Boyar

Notes

References

External links
 Nobility FAQ

Austrian noble titles
German noble titles
Swedish noble titles
Barons of Austria
Barons of the Holy Roman Empire
Barons of Germany

Freiherr


كينغز أوف ليون (بالإنجليزية: Kings of Leon) هي فرقة روك بديل أمريكية في ناشفيل، تينيسي.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 موقع الفرقة الرسمي

تأسيسات سنة 1999 في تينيسي
حائزو جوائز ان.ام.اي
حائزون على جائزة بريت
حائزون على جائزة غرامي
فرق موسيقية أخوية
فرق موسيقية أسست في 1999
فرق موسيقية رباعية
فرق موسيقية عائلية
فرق موسيقية من ناشفيل (تينيسي)
فنانو تسجيلات آر سي إيه
فنانو تسجيلات كولومبيا

كينغز أوف ليون


Asteropeia, biljni rod iz porodice Asteropeiaceae, čiji je jedini predstavnik. Pripada mu 8 priznatih vrsta. Nekadašnji rod Rhodoclada više nije priznat a Rhodoclada rhopaloides Baker, sinonim je za A. rhopaloides (Baker) Baill.

Cjelokupni rod i porodica endemi su s Madagaskara, zastupljeni od grmova i manjeg drveća.

Vrste
 Asteropeia amblyocarpa Tul.
 Asteropeia bakeri Scott Elliot = Asteropeia multiflora Thou.
 Asteropeia densiflora Baker
 Asteropeia labatii G.E. Schatz, Lowry & A.-E. Wolf
 Asteropeia matrambody (Capuron) G.E. Schatz, Lowry & A.-E. Wolf
 Asteropeia mcphersonii G.E. Schatz, Lowry & A.-E. Wolf
 Asteropeia micraster Hallier f.
 Asteropeia multiflora Thouars
 Asteropeia rhopaloides (Baker) Baill.
 Asteropeia sphaerocarpa Baker = Asteropeia densiflora Baker

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Red Lists For Malagasy Plants II Asteropeiaceae
Porodice klinčićolikih

Asteropeia


Gåsen er en dansk eksperimentalfilm fra 1986, der er instrueret af Laila Hodell efter eget manuskript.

Handling
En naturfantasi. Et lille eventyr om hvordan nissen og gåsen fandt hinanden.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Eksperimentalfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1986

Gåsen


الناردين المخزني  أو الناردين الطبي  نوع نباتي يتبع جنس الناردين من الفصيلة الناردينية.

الوصف النباتي
نبات معمر يتراوح ارتفاعه ما بين 80- 150سم له ساق مستقيمة قوية جوفاء ومضلع اغصانه قليلة وله أوراق متقابلة مركبة ريشية الشكل. تضم كل ورقة ما بين 5- 11 وريقة عريضة أو ما بين 11- 33 وريقة ضيقة وهي مسننة الحواف. الأزهار تجتمع في قمم الأغصان على هيئة باقات بلون أبيض إلى زهري. الثمرة تاجية لها صرة ريشية. جذور النبات قصيرة لها فسلات تحت الأرض ورائحتها رائعة وقوية.

فوائده
يستعمل الناردين المخزني في:
 معالجة القلق والأرق.
 السيطرة على الانفعالات والكآبة.

وصفة
يؤخذ ملء ملعقة شاي من مسحوق الجذور والجذامير وتوضع مع ماء مغلي في كوب ويتم تركها لمدة 5دقائق ويشرب بمعدل كوبين يومياً.

معرض صور

المصادر

 موقع نباتات عشبية باللغة الإنجليزية.
 مجلة عيادة الرياض الاثنين 19 المحرم 1426هـ - 28 فبراير 2005م - العدد 13398.
 دليل الطب البديل - الطبعة الأولى.

نباتات أوروبا
أصنوفات سماها كارولوس لينيوس
أعشاب حقيقية
الحياة النباتية في أوروبا
طب بديل
مضادات مزيلة للقلق
معدلات تفارغية موجبة لمستقبل غابا أ
ناردين
ناردينية
نباتات آسيا
نباتات أذربيجان
نباتات أرمينيا
نباتات ألمانيا
نباتات أيرلندا
نباتات البرتغال
نباتات الدنمارك
نباتات الصين
نباتات النرويج
نباتات اليابان
نباتات اليونان
نباتات إسبانيا
نباتات إستونيا
نباتات إيران
نباتات إيطاليا
نباتات بريطانيا
نباتات تركيا
نباتات جورجيا
نباتات روسيا
نباتات رومانيا
نباتات طبية
نباتات فرنسا
نباتات فنلندا
نباتات لاتفيا
نباتات ليتوانيا
نباتات وصفت في 1753

ناردين مخزني


Satir, Antik Yunan mitolojisinde yer alan yarı keçi yarı insan kır ve orman iyesi.

Roma mitolojisindeki karşılığı faundur. Çoğunlukla gövdelerinin belden üstü insan, belden aşağısı ise teke biçimindedir. Satirleri tasvir eden eserlerde ortak özellik, keçi boynuzlu, sivri ve uzun kulaklı, atınkine benzeyen uzun kuyruklu yaratıklardır.

Satirler çoğunlukla da ellerindeki flüt ve ardından koştukları nemfler ve mainadlar ile birlikte tasvir edilir. Şarap tanrısı Dionysos ile birlikte şarap içerler, kırlarda dans ederler. Yaşlanan satirlere silenos denir. Özel olarak Dionysos'u yetiştiren yaratığın adı da Silenos'tur.

Yunan heykel ustası Praksiteles, satirleri bedenlerindeki hayvan özelliklerini en aza indirerek yakışıklı ve genç bir erkek olarak göstererek yeni bir satir tipi yaratmıştır.

Aynı zamanda çoğu filme konu olmuşlardır. Örneğin Narnia Günlükleri: Aslan, Cadı ve Dolap adlı filmde Satir adlı yaratığa yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca Percy Jackson ve Olimposlular serisinde ise bir satir-çocuk olan ana karakterlerden Kıvırcık'a rastlanılmaktadır.

Satires

Dişi satirlere ise satires (Satyresses) denilmektedir. İnsan başı ve gövdesine sahip, genellikle çıplak göğüslü, belinden aşağı tarafı ise keçi şeklinde tasvir edilir. Terminolojide nadiren faunes (fauness) olarak rastlanır.

Dış bağlantılar
 Çeşitli satir betimlemeleri.

Yunan mitolojisi yaratıkları
Mitolojik melezler
Yunan mitolojisinde dans

Satir


The Defenders er en amerikansk netfjernsynserie udviklet for Netflix af Douglas Petrie og Marco Ramirez, baseret på en tegneserie af Marvel Comics og fire andre netfjernsynsserier: Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Luke Cage og Iron Fist. Hovedrollerne spilles af Charlie Cox, Krysten Ritter, Mike Colter og Finn Jones. Andre centrale roller spilles af Sigourney Weaver, Élodie Yung, Simone Missick, Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Carrie-Anne Moss, Scott Glenn, Rachael Taylor, Rosario Dawson og Jessica Henwick.

Medvirkende
Charlie Cox – Matt Murdock / Daredevil
Krysten Ritter – Jessica Jones
Mike Colter – Luke Cage
Finn Jones –  Danny Rand / Iron Fist
Élodie Yung – Elektra Natchios
Sigourney Weaver –  Alexandra
Scott Glenn – Stick
Rosario Dawson – Claire Temple
Eka Darville – Malcolm Ducasse
Deborah Ann Woll – Karen Page
Elden Henson – Foggy Nelson
Carrie-Anne Moss – Jeri Hogarth
Rachael Taylor – Trish Walker
Simone Missick – Misty Knight
Jessica Henwick – Colleen Wing

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger

Dramaserier fra USA
Amerikanske tv-serier fra 2010'erne
Marvel Comics
Tv-serier fra Netflix
Marvel Cinematic Universe-serier

The Defenders (tv-serie)


الإمبراطور بوريتسو  هو الإمبراطور الخامس والعشرون في اليابان حسب قائمة أباطرة اليابان. لا يوجد أي تواريخ محددة عن فترة حياته أو حكمه. ولكن يعتقد أن فترة حكمه كانت في أواخر القرن الخامس الميلادي وأوائل القرن السادس.

انظر أيضًا
 إمبراطور اليابان
 قائمة أباطرة اليابان

مصادر

أباطرة اليابان
مواليد 489
وفيات 507
وفيات في ساكوراي (نارا)
ملكيون في آسيا في القرن 6
ملكيون في آسيا في القرن 5
ملكيون يابانيون في القرن 5
ملكيون يابانيون في القرن 6

الإمبراطور بوريتسو