Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein  (Frederick Christian Charles Augustus; 22 January 1831 – 28 October 1917) was a minor Danish-born German prince who became a member of the British royal family through his marriage to Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, the fifth child and third daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.

Early life

Prince Christian was born in Augustenborg Palace. He was the second son of Christian August II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and his wife, Countess Louise Sophie of Danneskiold-Samsøe.

In 1848, young Christian's father, Duke Christian August, placed himself at the head of a movement to resist by force the claims of Denmark upon the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, two personal possessions of the kings of Denmark, of which Holstein also was a part of the German Confederation. A year earlier, King Frederick VII acceded to the Danish throne without any hope of producing a male heir. Unlike Denmark proper, where the Lex Regia of 1665 allowed the throne to pass through the female royal line, in Holstein Salic Law prevailed. The duchy would most likely revert to the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg family, their cadet branch of the house of Holstein-Sonderburg. During the 1852 First War of Schleswig, Prince Christian briefly served with the newly constituted Schleswig-Holstein army, before he and his family were forced to flee the advancing Danish forces (see history of Schleswig-Holstein). After the war, he attended the University of Bonn, where he befriended Crown Prince Frederick William of Prussia (later the German Emperor Frederick III).

Marriage
In September 1865, while visiting Coburg, The Princess Helena met Prince Christian. The couple became engaged in December of that year. Queen Victoria gave her permission for the marriage with the provision that the couple live in Great Britain. They married at the Private Chapel at Windsor Castle on 5 July 1866. Seven days before the wedding, on 29 June 1866, the Queen granted her future son-in-law the style of Royal Highness by Royal Warrant.

In 1891, Prince Christian lost an eye when he was accidentally shot in the face by his brother-in-law, The Duke of Connaught, during a shooting party at Sandringham.

Prince and Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, as they were known, made their home at Frogmore House in the grounds of Windsor Castle and later at Cumberland Lodge in Windsor Great Park. They had six children, known commonly as:
 Prince Christian Victor (14 April 1867 – 29 October 1900); never married; died young during military duty and was buried in South Africa.
 Prince Albert (28 February 1869 – 27 April 1931) who in 1921 became the titular Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and the Head of the House of Oldenburg. Never married; had an illegitimate daughter:
 Valerie Marie zu Schleswig-Holstein (3 April 1900 – 14 Aug 1953). Married firstly Ernst Johann Wagner (b. 10 Jan 1896); married secondly Engelbert-Charles, 10th Duke of Arenberg (20 April 1899 – 27 April 1974)
 Princess Helena Victoria (3 May 1870 – 13 March 1948). Never married.
 Princess Marie Louise (12 August 1872 – 8 December 1956). Married Prince Aribert of Anhalt, no issue.
 Prince Harald (12 May 1876 – 20 May 1876).
 Unnamed stillborn son (born and died 7 May 1877).

Honours and offices

Orders and decorations

Military and civil appointments
Prince Christian was given the rank of major general in the British Army in July 1866 and received promotions to the ranks of lieutenant general in August 1874 and general in October 1877. From 1869 until his death, he was honorary colonel of the 1st Volunteer Battalion, The Royal Berkshire Regiment. However, he never held a major field command or staff position. He was High Steward of Windsor and Ranger of Windsor Great Park, and was awarded a Doctor of Civil Law degree by the University of Oxford.

He received the freedom of the city of Carlisle on 7 July 1902, during a visit to the city for the Royal Agricultural Society's Show. As a "Minor Royal", he officiated at many public functions. These included participation, with the Princess Helena, in the speech day of Malvern College in 1870.

Ball in the Exchange Building, Liverpool

The illustration here and shows a civic ball held in the  Exchange Buildings (1864–67; demolished 1939) in Liverpool to honour the visiting Prince Arthur, and Prince and Princess Christian.

The unpopularity of Prince Christian

Prince Christian has the following written description:

Death
Prince Christian died at Schomberg House (half of which is now part of the Oxford and Cambridge Club), Pall Mall, London, in October 1917, in his eighty-sixth year. After being initially interred in the Royal Vault at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, he was buried in the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore in Windsor Great Park.

Ancestry

References

External links

Burials at the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore
Princes in Germany
House of Augustenburg
People from Old Windsor
People from Augustenborg, Denmark
1831 births
1917 deaths
University of Bonn alumni
Princes of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Royal reburials

Knights of the Garter
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Knights of Justice of the Order of St John
Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania

Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein


La feria de Soróchinets (título original en ruso, Сорочинская ярмарка, Soróchinskaya yármarka) es una ópera cómica en tres actos con música y libreto en ruso de Modest Músorgski, basado en un cuento de Nikolái Gógol que aparece en la colección de historias ucranianas Veladas en un caserío de Dikanka (1832). Fue compuesta entre 1874 y 1880 en San Petersburgo, Rusia. La ópera permaneció inacabada y sin representar a la muerte de Músorgski en 1881.

Compositores y editores posteriores tuvieron intervención para conseguir que la obra adquiriera una forma que pudiera representarse. La primera representación escénica, con secciones habladas, ocurrió el 8 de octubre de 1913 en el Teatro Svobodni de Moscú, bajo dirección de Konstantín Sarádzhev. En las estadísticas de Operabase aparece con sólo 3 representaciones en el período 2005-2010.

Trama
Época: algún momento del siglo XIX.
Lugar: el pueblo ucraniano de Soróchinets.

En el abigarrado mercado de Soróchinets, el campesino Cherevik intenta vender su grano, con los dineros de la venta quiere cumplir algunos de los deseos de su bella hija Paraska, que esta expresa, como todas las jóvenes, al ver las mercancías expuestas. Un viejo gitano supone que, como en años anteriores, el diablo podría enturbiar la alegría de la fiesta, ya que acaban de verlo en el pueblo disfrazado de cerdo rojo. Se preguntan si hay forma de luchar contra estas intervenciones infernales, pero el gitano dice que ninguna, salvo descubrir a un pecador con las manos en la masa.

Referencias
Notas

Licencia

Enlaces externos

 Grabaciones en operadis (en inglés)
 "La Fiera de Sorocincy" en el diccionario de ópera (en italiano)

Óperas de Modest Músorgski
Óperas en ruso
Óperas de 1913
Óperas estrenadas en Moscú
Óperas inacabadas
Óperas basadas en obras de Nikolái Gógol

La feria de Soróchinets


Y diez años van es un álbum de estudio del cantautor cubano Carlos Puebla y sus Tradicionales, publicado en 1969 por el sello chileno Dicap.

Lista de canciones

Referencias

Álbumes de 1969
Álbumes de Discoteca del Cantar Popular

Y diez años van


Daniel Andrade ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Daniel Andrade (Leichtathlet) (* 1949), senegalesischer Leichtathlet
 Daniel Andrade junior (* 1970), brasilianischer Boxer
 Daniel Andrade (Schauspieler) (* 1975), brasilianischer Schauspieler

Daniel Andrade


Róbert Gragger () a fost un istoric literar maghiar. El este un reprezentant proeminent al istoriei literare maghiare, al cercetării literare maghiare și al diplomației culturale maghiare. A descoperit poemul maghiar vechi "Ómagyar Mária-siralom".

Biografie
A urmat studii universitare la Budapesta, Paris (Sorbona) și Berlin. După absolvirea studiilor la Budapesta în 1909 a predat ca profesor la Institutul de formare a cadrelor didactice din Budapesta, dobândind o experiență didactică și profesională care i-a folosit mai târziu atunci când a lucrat la Collegium Hungaricum din Berlin.

În 1916 a fost numit primul director al Institutului Maghiar din Berlin, punând bazele acestei instituții și organizând-o în cadrul Universității din Berlin (astăzi Universitatea Humboldt). Gragger a predat acolo limba și literatura maghiară. Domeniul său principal de cercetare a fost istoria literară comparată. În 1924, cu sprijinul ministrului culturii Kuno von Klebelsberg și cu fonduri din partea Regatului Ungariei, a fundat Collegium Hungaricum din Berlin, care oferea condiții bune studenților maghiari care doreau să studieze acolo.

A fondat revista Ungarische Jahrbücher cu scopul de a promova știința și cultura maghiară în străinătate. A publicat numeroase studii de literatură comparată în reviste maghiare și germane.

Gragger a descoperit în 1922 poemul maghiar vechi "Ómagyar Mária-siralom" printre materialele achiziționate de Universitatea Catolică din Louvain de la o librărie din München pentru a înlocui materialele distruse de germani în Primul Război Mondial. E editat Bibliographia Hungariae (Berlin, 1-4), care a listat lucrările maghiare (apărute între 1861-1921) publicate într-o limbă străină. Róbert Gragger a contribuit la elaborarea terminologiei tehnice maghiare (1918).

Lucrări
 Deutsche Handschriften in ungarischen Bibliotheken, (Ungarische Bibliothek 2), Vereinigung wissenschaftlicher Verleger, Berlin - Leipzig, 1921
 Anthologia Hungarica - Magyar Anthologia. Leipzig, 1922. Online
 Preußen, Weimar und die ungarische Königskrone. Mit dem Faksimile eines Goethe-Briefes. Berlin und Leipzig, Walter de Gruyter & Co., 1923. Online
 Bibliographia Hungariae, Berlin - Leipzig, 1923

Memorie
Președintele de onoare al Societății Germaniștilor Maghiari, András Vizkelety, a fondat în 2006 Premiul Gragger Róbert.

Note

Bibliografie
 Új magyar irodalmi lexikon I. (A–Gy). Coord. Péter László. Budapesta: Akadémiai. 1994. 699. o.

Legături externe
 Ujváry Gábor: Kultúrpolitikus, diplomata és tudományos menedzser, Európai Utas, 2001.
 Magyar Virtuális Enciklopédia
 Magyar Germanista Társaság, Gragger Róbert-díj

Nașteri în 1887
Decese în 1926
Istorici literari maghiari

Róbert Gragger


Ogrozdovke (lat. Grossulariaceae), biljna porodica u redu Saxifragales u koju se danas uključuje samo rod ribiz ili ribizl (Ribes). Ime je dobila po rodu Grossularia, čije su vrste uključene u rod Ribes, ali je ime porodice nomenklatularno zaštićeno (nom. cons.).

Rodovi koji su bili uključivani u porodicu su
 Botrycarpum A. Rich.
 **Botryocarpium Spach, nevažeće ime
 Calobotrya Spach
 Cerophyllum Spach
 Chrysobotrya Spach
 Coreosma Spach
 !Grossularia Mill.
 *Grossularia Adans., nelegitimno ime
 Liebichia Opiz
 Rebis Spach
 Ribes L.
 Ribesium Medik.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Kamenikolike

Ogrozdovke


Moacir Barbosa Nascimento () a fost un jucător de fotbal brazilian care a jucat ca portar.
A fost unul dintre cei mai buni portari din anii 1940 și 1950, faimos și pentru faptul că nu purta mănuși.
Cariera lui a fost terminată brusc de pierderea finalei în Campionatul Mondial de Fotbal din 1950.

Note

Legături externe
 Omul care a murit de două ori. Povestea lui Moacir Barbosa, 28 septembrie 2014, Alex Buturugeanu, Istoriafotbalului.com

Fotbaliști brazilieni

Moacir Barbosa Nascimento


دوس بالوس  هي إحدى مدن مقاطعة ميرسيد، كاليفورنيا. تم إعطاءها لقب مدينة في 24 مايو، 1935.

التركيبة السكانية
حدّد مكتب تعداد الولايات المتحدة بيانات التركيبة السكانية لدوس بالوس في تعداد الولايات المتحدة. في ما يلي، التركيبة السكانية حسب تعدادي 2000 و2010.

تعداد عام 2000
بلغ عدد سكان دوس بالوس 4,581 نسمة بحسب تعداد عام 2000، وبلغ عدد الأسر 1,424 أسرة وعدد العائلات 1,116 عائلة مقيمة في المدينة. في حين سجلت الكثافة السكانية . وبلغ عدد الوحدات السكنية 1,491 وحدة بمتوسط كثافة قدره .
وتوزع التركيب العرقي للمدينة بنسبة 65.16% من البيض و4.15% من الأمريكيين الأفارقة و1.38% من الأمريكيين الأصليين و0.61% من الأمريكيين ذوي الأصول الآسيوية و25.21% من الأعراق الأخرى و3.49% من عرقين مختلطين أو أكثر و54.18% من الهسبانيون أو اللاتينيون من أي عرق.

بلغ عدد الأسر 1,424 أسرة كانت نسبة 50.7% منها لديها أطفال تحت سن الثامنة عشر تعيش معهم، وبلغت نسبة الأزواج القاطنين مع بعضهم البعض 58.5% من أصل المجموع الكلي للأسر، ونسبة 14.7% من الأسر كان لديها معيلات من الإناث دون وجود شريك، بينما كانت نسبة 5.2% من الأسر لديها معيلون من الذكور دون وجود شريكة وكانت نسبة 21.6% من غير العائلات. تألفت نسبة 18.7% من أصل جميع الأسر من عدة أفراد يعيشون في نفس المنزل ونسبة 8.8% كانت تتألف من شخص يعيش بمفرده يبلغ من العمر 65 عاماً أو أكثر. وبلغ متوسط حجم الأسرة المعيشية 3.20، أما متوسط حجم العائلات فبلغ 3.63.

بلغ العمر الوسطي للسكان 30.3 عاماً. وكانت نسبة 34.9% من القاطنين تحت سن الثامنة عشر، وكانت نسبة 8.8% بين الثامنة عشر والرابعة والعشرين عاماً، ونسبة 26.8% كانت واقعةً في الفئة العمرية ما بين الخامسة والعشرين والرابعة والأربعين عاماً، ونسبة 18.9% كانت ما بين الخامسة والأربعين والرابعة والستين، ونسبة 10% كانت ضمن فئة الخامسة والستين عاماً فما فوق. يوجد لكل 100 أنثى 98.0 ذكر، ويوجد لكل 100 أنثى في الثامنة عشر من عمرها فما فوق 93.2 ذكر.

بلغ متوسط دخل الأسرة في المدينة 29,147 دولارًا، أما متوسط دخل العائلة فبلغ 35,906 دولارًا. وكان متوسط دخل الذكور 30,568 دولارًا مقابل 20,960 دولارًا للإناث. وسجل دخل الفرد الخاص بالمدينة 13,163 دولارًا. وكانت نسبة 19.1% من العائلات ونسبة 22.8% من السكان تحت خط الفقر، وكان من هؤلاء نسبة 31.9% تحت سن الثامنة عشر ونسبة 10.9% في الخامسة والستين من العمر وما فوق.

تعداد عام 2010
بلغ عدد سكان دوس بالوس 4,950 نسمة بحسب تعداد عام 2010، وبلغ عدد الأسر 1,501 أسرة وعدد العائلات 1,178 عائلة مقيمة في المدينة. في حين سجلت الكثافة السكانية . وبلغ عدد الوحدات السكنية 1,700 وحدة بمتوسط كثافة قدره .
وتوزع التركيب العرقي للمدينة بنسبة 68.22% من البيض و3.37% من الأمريكيين الأفارقة و1.25% من الأمريكيين الأصليين و0.75% من الأمريكيين ذوي الأصول الآسيوية و0.08% من سكان جزر المحيط الهادئ و21.72% من الأعراق الأخرى و4.61% من عرقين مختلطين أو أكثر و62.12% من الهسبانيون أو اللاتينيون من أي عرق.

بلغ عدد الأسر 1,501 أسرة كانت نسبة 48.7% منها لديها أطفال تحت سن الثامنة عشر تعيش معهم، وبلغت نسبة الأزواج القاطنين مع بعضهم البعض 54.4% من أصل المجموع الكلي للأسر، ونسبة 15.5% من الأسر كان لديها معيلات من الإناث دون وجود شريك، بينما كانت نسبة 8.7% من الأسر لديها معيلون من الذكور دون وجود شريكة وكانت نسبة 21.5% من غير العائلات. تألفت نسبة 17.4% من أصل جميع الأسر من عدة أفراد يعيشون في نفس المنزل ونسبة 7.7% كانت تتألف من شخص يعيش بمفرده يبلغ من العمر 65 عاماً أو أكثر. وبلغ متوسط حجم الأسرة المعيشية 3.28، أما متوسط حجم العائلات فبلغ 3.69.

بلغ العمر الوسطي للسكان 31.3 عاماً. وكانت نسبة 31.7% من القاطنين تحت سن الثامنة عشر، وكانت نسبة 10.7% بين الثامنة عشر والرابعة والعشرين عاماً، ونسبة 24.2% كانت واقعةً في الفئة العمرية ما بين الخامسة والعشرين والرابعة والأربعين عاماً، ونسبة 22.5% كانت ما بين الخامسة والأربعين والرابعة والستين، ونسبة 10.8% كانت ضمن فئة الخامسة والستين عاماً فما فوق. وتوزع التركيب الجنسي للسكان بنسبة 49% ذكور و51% إناث.

أعلام
 كودي مارتن

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 1935 في كاليفورنيا
مدن في مقاطعة ميرسيد (كاليفورنيا)
مدن كاليفورنيا

دوس بالوس (كاليفورنيا)


Paulette Jacquier, esposa Seguret, nascida em 18 de julho de 1918 em La Frette (Isère) e faleceu em 20 de fevereiro de 1975 na mesma cidade, foi um combatente da resistência francesa, membro do batalhão Chambaran.

Ela é a única mulher que lutou na 1ª Divisão das Forças Francesas Livres.

Biografia
Após o apelo do general de Gaulle em 18 de junho de 1940, Paulette Jacquier procurou se juntar à Resistência em Londres, mas em vão. Em março de 1941, ela entrou em contato com um combatente da resistência de Grenoble e, aos 22 anos, tornou-se oficial de ligação da Resistência: ela distribuiu clandestinamente folhetos e jornais gaullistas na região, transportou malas entre Lyon, Valence e Grenoble, e realizou várias outras missões.

A pedido dos combatentes da resistência em Clermont-Ferrand, formou um "grupo franco", nomeadamente com o seu pai, e organizou a sabotagem na linha férrea que liga Grenoble e Lyon.

Em julho de 1944, ela foi presa em Bourgoin-Jallieu durante uma tentativa de ataque a um comboio alemão. Ela conseguiu escapar da prisão, e depois se juntou ao Batalhão Chambaran no setor 3 do Exército Secreto do Isère.

Na Libertação, ela se juntou à primeira divisão das Forças Francesas Livres como fuzileira-volteadora (fusilier-voltigeur) e participou de combates de linha de frente no norte da França entre 1944 e 1945.

Honras

 A Cruz de Cavaleiro da Legião de Honra lhe foi entregue pelas mãos do próprio General de Gaulle em 14 de setembro de 1944 em Lyon, ao lado de membros do terceiro grupo do maquis Chambaran formado por Paul Porchey.
 Medalha da Resistência Francesa com roseta (decreto de 14 de junho de 1946).

Notas e referências

Ligações externas

Naturais de Isère
Oficiais da Ordem Nacional da Legião de Honra
!Artigos que utilizam P166
!Artigos que utilizam P607
!Artigos que utilizam P463
!Artigos que utilizam P106
!Artigos que utilizam P27
!Artigos que utilizam P742
!Artigos que utilizam P119
!Artigos que utilizam P20
!Artigos que utilizam P570
!Artigos que utilizam P19
!Artigos que utilizam P569
Resistência Francesa

Paulette Jacquier


عماد رشاد (3 ديسمبر 1951 -)، ممثل مصري، عمل في العديد من المسلسلات التلفزيونية، حاصل على بكالوريوس معهد الفنون المسرحية.

من أعماله
 اليتيم والذئاب (فيلم) 1993
  ورا كل باب ج 2 (2021)
 زهور وأشواك.
مشاعر إنسانية.
أبيض وأسود.
شجر الأحلام.
 مرسي عاوز كرسي.
 أمريكا شيكا بيكا.
 العطار والسبع بنات.
 عائلة مجنونة جدا.
 أبو ضحكة جنان.
 اه واه من شربات.
 البوليس النسائي.
 اثنين في قفص.
 العودة الي الحياة.
 ألف ليلة وليلة.
 في ال لا لا لاند.
 شباب رايق جدا.
 30 يوم.
 الوجه الآخر.
 الحوت الأزرق.

روابط خارجية

المراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
خريجو المعهد العالي للفنون المسرحية (مصر)
ممثلون مصريون
مواليد 1371 هـ
مواليد 1951

عماد رشاد


Dalgıçlık veya dalıcılık, su altında kalmak üzere suya dalma sporu. Bu sporda nefes alma aygıtları kullanıldığı gibi, bu aygıtlar olmadan da bu spor yapılabilmektedir.

Tarihi
İnsanlar çok eski çağlardan beri değişik aparatlar kullanarak su altında daha uzun süreler kalmayı denemiştir. MÖ 500 yıllarına ait resimlerde su altında, hayvan derilerinden yapılmış tulumlar içindeki havayı soluyarak avlanan Eski Yunan dalgıçlar betimlenmiştir. Özellikle Amerika'daki kolonilerden Avrupa'ya değerli eşyalar taşıyan gemilerin, korsanların ilgi odağı haline gelip birçok geminin batırılmasıyla, bu batan gemilerdeki yüklerin çıkartılması ihtiyacı insanoğlunu daha derine inmek ve orada daha uzun süre kalabilmek için yeni icatlar yapmaya itmiştir. Dalış Çanları'nın kullanılmaya başlanması bu yıllara dayanır. Bir sonraki gelişme yüzey destekli su altı soluma aparatlarıdır ki, Jules Verne'in Denizler Altında Yirmi Bin Fersah kitabı yayınlandığında bunlar 20 yıla yakın bir zamandır kullanılmaktaydı. Ancak dalışta en büyük devrim 1943'te Fransız kâşif Jacques-Yves Cousteau'nun geliştirdiği regülatör sayesinde olmuştur. Cousteau'nun "su ciğeri" adını verdiği yüksek basınçlı bir tüp ve tek kademeli regülatörden oluşan aparat, insanın yüzeye hiçbir bağımlılık duymadan hayal bile edemeyeceği derinliklere inip uzun süreler kalabilmesine olanak sağlamıştır.

Nefes alma aygıtı olmadan dalış

Serbest dalış

Su altında nefes tutarak yapılan dalıştır.

Nefes alma aygıtlarını kapsayan dalışlar (SCUBA)
 Yüzey destekli dalış
 Tüplü dalış (Scuba)

Yüzey Destekli Dalış

Tüplü dalış (Scuba)
Yüksek basınçlı hava ile doldurulmuş tüpteki gazı soluyarak, yüzeye bağımlı olmaksızın yapılan aletli dalıştır. Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus kelimelerinin baş harflerinden oluşmuştur.

Tüplü dalış donanımları
 Tüp; İçine yüksek basınçlı kompresörler vasıtası ile filtre edilerek soluduğumuz hava (%21 oksijen %78 azot %1 asal gazlar) nemi alınarak doldurulur, çelik ya da aluminyum'dan yapılır. Ortalama scuba dalışlar için kullanılan tüpler 350 bar olarak tasarlanmışlardır;fakat sağlıklı dalış gereği 200 bar doldurulur ve bu tüpler yılda bir kez dalış merkezi yetkilileri tarafından gözle her 5 yılda bir hidrostatikteste tabi tutulur. Testi geçen tüpler kullanımı devam ederken, geçemeyen tüpler imha edilir asla geri kullanılmaz veya iade edilmez.
 Regülatör; iki kademeden oluşur. Birinci kademe tüpten gelen sıkıştırılmış havanın ara basıncını alır. İkinci kademe ise tüpten gelen havayı ortam basıncına indirerek sağlıklı solunumu sağlar. Regülatör ağızdan nefes için tasarlanmıştır ve bozulma bozulma durumunda hava akışını kesmez aksine sürekli hava verme durumuna geçer ki bu durum dalıcı için daha güvenlidir.
 Manometre; Regülatörün yüksek basınç çıkışlarından birine bağlıdır ve tüp içinde kalan havanın basıncını gösterir.
 BCD veya BC; Buoyancy Controlling Device veya Buoyancy Compensator -Denge Yeleği- dalıcının su içindeki yüzerliliğini ayarlamakta kullanılır. Tüp içindeki havanın regülatör gelen bir hortuma bağlı basma-boşaltma(pozitif, negatif ve nötr yüzerlilik için) butonları vasıtasıyla dalıcı kendisi tarafından kullanılır. Ayrıca dalış öncesi ve dalış sonrası su yüzeyinde efor sarf etmeden kalmasını sağlamalarında da kullanılır.
 Diğerleri; Maske, palet, şnorkel, dalış elbisesi, derinlik ve zaman saati kullanılan diğer malzemelerdir. Maske,palet,şnorkel ABC olarak adlandırılır. Palet açık ve kapalı palet olarak ikiye ayrılır.Açık palet giyenler mutlaka patik kullanmalıdır ve bu iki malzeme doğru ölçüde olmalıdır. Maske mutlaka dalıcıya uygun olarak yüz yapısına uygun olmalıdır bu dalış öncesi basit bir testle anlaşılabilir. Islak,yarı kuru ve kuru tip olarak yaygın olan üç tip elbise kullanılır, iklim ve su sıcaklığına göre elbise türleri dalıcılar tarafından tercih edilir. Shaker aleti dalgıçların birbirlerini sesli olarak uyarmalarını ve dikkatlerini çekmek için kullanılır. DSMB (Delayed Surface Marker Buoy) gecikmeli yüzey işaretleme şamandırasıyla dalgıçlar, dekompreasyon beklemesi yaptıkları yeri yüzeydeki kişilere göstermek veya akıntı, soğuk su, zayıf görüş gibi koşullarda dalışlarını beklenmedik yerde, zamanda bitirdiklerinde yüzeydekilere yerlerini belli etmek için kullanırlar.

Dalgıçlığın tehlikeleri
DANın (Diver Alert Network) açıklamasına göre bir dalış kazasında ölme ihtimali 100.000'de 0.48'dir. Ancak mutlaka özel bir eğitimden geçilerek yapılmalıdır. Eğitimsiz dalış çok tehlikeli olabilir. Dünyanın her yerinde ve Türkiye ile KKTC`de bu eğitimleri yetkili kuruluşlardan almak mümkündür.

Bu sporla ilgilenenlerde görülebilecek bazı sağlık problemleri;

 Kulak zarı perforasyonu
 Dekompresyon Hastalığı
 Barotravmalar
 Oksijen zehirlenmesi (Yalnızca kapalı devre ya da özel karışım gazlı dalışlarda)
 Derinlik sarhoşluğu

Dalış sporunun türleri (amaca göre)
 Ticari Dalgıçlık
 Teknik/Bilimsel Dalgıçlık
 Rekreasyonel (Eğlence/Hobi Amaçlı) Dalgıçlık

Rekreasyonel dalışta eğitim seviyeleri
Bu seviyeler dalış eğitiminin alındığı kuruluşlara göre farklılık gösterir. Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu (TSSF)/CMAS eğitimi almak Türkiye'de dalış yapmak için yeterlidir. Bu sisteme göre seviyeler :
 Giriş seviyesinde dalgıç (1 Yıldız)
 Erişkin dalgıç (2 Yıldız)
 Grup lideri - Eğitmen Asistanı (3 Yıldız)
 Rehber Balıkadam (3 Yıldız ve üzeri)
 Eğitmen (1 Yıldız Eğitmen)
 Dalış Okulu Sorumlusu - Eğitmen (2 Yıldız Eğitmen)
 Eğitmen eğitmeni (3 Yıldız Eğitmen)

Dünya çapında dalış yapmak için çeşitli uluslararası anlaşmalı dalış organizasyonlarından birisi olan PADI (Professional Association of Diving Instructors) sisteminde dalgıç seviyeleri:

Open Water Diver (Açık Deniz Dalıcısı)
Advanced Open Water Diver (İleri Seviye Açık Deniz Dalıcısı)
Rescue Diver (Kurtarma Dalgıcı)
 Divemaster (Dalış Ustası, Dalış Lideri)
 Assistant Instructor (Asistan Eğitmen)
 Open Water SCUBA Instructor (Açık Deniz SCUBA Eğitmeni)
 Specialty Instructor (Uzmanlık Eğitmeni)
 Master SCUBA Diver Trainer
 IDC Staff Instructor (Kurs Direktörü Asistanı)
 Master Instructor (Usta Eğitmen)
 Course Director (Kurs Direktörü, Eğitmen Eğitmeni)

Rekreasyonel(Sportif) ve teknik dalgıç eğitim kuruluşları
 RAID DİVE
CMAS
 PADI
 SSI
 IDEA
 BSAC
 NAUI
 TDI
 IANTD

Dalgıçlıkla ilgili filmler
 Nadide Hayat
 The Big Blue
 The Abyss
 Sanctum
 Breaking Surface
 Derin Tutkular
 The Deep Hause
 Last Breathe
 47 Metres Down

Dalgıçlık


este un film documentar american din 1997 regizat de Roger Nygard despre  fanii devotați ai universului Star Trek creat de Gene Roddenberry's. Este primul film lansat de Paramount Vantage, apoi cunoscut sub numele de Paramount Classics, cu Denise Crosby în rolul ei (cel mai bine cunoscută pentru interpretarea șefului securității Tasha Yar din Star Trek: The Next Generation). A fost urmat de filmul documentar Trekkies 2 din 2004.

Personalități intervievate

Note

Bibliografie

Legături externe

Interview conducted by Slashdot with Roger Nygard

Vezi și
Listă de documentare Star Trek

Filme din 1997
Filme americane
Filme în limba engleză
Filme regizate de Roger Nygard
Filme documentare americane
Filme produse de fani
Star Trek

Trekkies (film)


Galatasaray Spor Kulübü teknik direktörleri listesi
Galatasaray SK futbol takımının teknik direktör listesidir.

Teknik direktörler

En çok maça çıkan 10 Teknik direktör

Kaynakça

Kulüplere göre teknik direktör listeleri
Türkiye'de futbol listeleri

Galatasaray teknik direktörleri listesi


Errol Leonard Norstedt, listamannsnafn Eddie Meduza, fæddur 17. júní 1948 í Örgryte sókninni, Gautaborg, andaðist 17. janúar 2002 í Nöbbele fyrir utan Växjö, var sænskt tónskáld, tónlistarmaður, grínisti, söngvari og fjölleikari. Hljóðfærin sem hann lék á voru: Gítar, rafbassi, saxófónn, harmónikka og píanó.

Breiðskífur

 Errol (1975)
 Eddie Meduza & Roarin' Cadillacs (1979)
 Garagetaper (1980)
 Gasen I Botten (1981)
 För Jævle Braa! (1982)
 Dåren É Lös (1983)
 West A Fool Away (1984)
 Ain't Got No Cadillac (1985)
 You Ain't My Friend (1990)
 Harley Davidson (1995)
 Silver Wheels (1997)
 Värsting Hits (1998)
 Väg 13 (1999)
 Scoop (2001)

Tengill

 Eddies Himmel (svensk)

Sænskir söngvarar
Sænsk tónskáld

Eddie Meduza


Rødnæbbet vimpelhale (Trochilus polytmus) er en kolibriart, der lever på Jamaica - det er øens nationalfugl.

Noter
 Avibase - the world bird database

Eksterne henvisninger

Fugle fra Caribien
Kolibrier

Rødnæbbet vimpelhale


رياضيات وإحصاء

حاسوب واتصالات

أعمال

كتب

انظر أيضا
 وسط
 بارامتر

وسيط (توضيح)


An Rhytachne guianensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Albert Spear Hitchcock, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Clayton. An Rhytachne guianensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Rhytachne, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Rhytachne

Rhytachne guianensis


Ahaz, abreviat de la Ioahaz "YHWH a vindecat" a fost un rege al Iudeii, fiind fiul și succesorul lui Iotam. Mama sa se numea Ahio din Ido. Ahaz avea 20 de ani când a devenit rege al Iudeii și a domnit 16 ani.

Evanghelia lui Matei îl menționează pe Ahaz în genealogia lui Isus.

Note

Nașteri în secolul al VIII-lea î.Hr.
Decese în anii 710 î.Hr.
Regi din Iuda
Galaad

Ahaz


O eclipsă de Lună prin penumbră a avut loc la 16 septembrie 2016, ultima, din cele trei eclipse de Lună, din anul 2016. Este cea de-a noua eclipsă de Lună (dintr-un total de 71) din seria Saros 147, cu magnitudinea penumbrală de 0,908.

De la eclipsă au trecut .

Vizibilitate
În condiții atmosferice favorabile, această eclipsă de Lună a putut fi observată din Europa, Africa, Asia și Australia.

Vizibilitatea eclipsei în România
În România eclipsa a început la ora 19:54, când imaginea Lunii a fost aproape de orizont, faza maximă a avut loc la ora 21:54, iar sfârșitul eclipsei s-a întâmplat la ora 23:54.

Note

Legături externe
  Eclipsa de Lună din 16 septembrie 2016
  Observatorul Astronomic "Amiral Vasile Urseanu" din București, Eclipsa de Lună prin penumbră, din 16 septembrie 2016
 Eclipsa de Lună prin penumbră din 16 septembrie 2016, fotografiată de Giuseppe Donatiello, Oria, Italia
 Eclipsa de Lună prin penumbră din 16 septembrie 2016 fotografiată de Mulham Hindi, Makkah, Arabia Saudită

Vezi și
 Eclipsa de Lună din 23 martie 2016, prima eclipsă de lună din anul 2016 (prin penumbră) (penumbral)
 Eclipsa de Lună din 18 august 2016, a doua eclipsă de Lună din 2016 (prin penumbră), practic imperceptibilă vizual.
 Eclipsă de Lună

Eclipse de Lună
2016 în știință

Eclipsa de Lună din 16 septembrie 2016


El lago de Guiers () es un lago africano localizado en el norte de Senegal, al sur de la ciudad de Richard Toll y en las regiones de Louga y Saint-Louis. Se trata de una fuente principal de agua potable para la ciudad de Dakar que se ubica a cientos de kilómetros al suroeste, siendo conducida el agua gracias a conducciones subterráneas.

Se trata de un lago de unos 35 kilómetros de largo y 8 kilómetros de ancho, y que alimentado por el río Ferlo o Bounoum, un afluente del río Senegal, que fluye hacia el norte en su extremo sur, desde Fouta, en la temporada de lluvias.

Véase también
 Geografía de Senegal
 Geografía de África

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Mapa de localización

Guiers
Afluentes del río Senegal

Lago de Guiers


Günboğazı, Tunceli ilinin Pertek ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köyün eski ismi Margik olup, ismi değiştirildikten sonra 1960 yılı nüfus sayımından itibaren günümüzdeki adıyla yer almaya başlamıştır.

Coğrafya
Tunceli il merkezine 60 km, Pertek ilçesine 29 km mesafededir.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Pertek belde ve köyleri

Günboğazı, Pertek


Uma empresa ambiental é aquela especializada em serviços de consultoria e assessoria ambiental, proporcionando ao cliente o atendimento aos requisitos exigidos pelas legislações ambientais, além de desenvolver ferramentas para o crescimento do seu negócio de maneira sustentável . São empresas especializadas em tornar outras empresas em empreendimentos verdes, através da busca por um crescimento sustentável e menos danoso para o meio ambiente .

Princípio seguido
O principal princípio teórico seguido por tais empresas é de assegurar o uso adequado dos recursos naturais, a conservação e a recuperação dos ecossistemas, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade do desenvolvimento, mediante a formulação e gestão das políticas públicas de meio ambiente e de recursos hídricos .

Instrumentos de trabalho
As empresas ambientais mexem principalmente com licenças ambientais (atos administrativos pelos quais o órgão ambiental estabelece as condições, restrições e medidas de controle e monitoramento ambientais que deverão ser cumpridas pelo empreendedor) . Diante de laudos específicos e de documentos que aprovam ou reprovam etapas de um empreendedorismo, por exemplo, as empresas podem se aperfeiçoar em alguns pontos, como:

 Gestão de resíduos sólidos;
 Reciclagem;
 Investimento em ações de responsabilidade social;
 Reuso da água;
 Adoção de processos de produção mais limpos;
 Consumo consciente de energia;
 Definição de metas para redução de emissão de carbono .

Referências

Comércio
Ecologia
Economia
Desenvolvimento sustentável

Empresa ambiental


Attila József , (11 Nisan 1905 - 3 Aralık 1937) Macar, toplumcu gerçekçi şair.

Yaşamı
Budapeşte'de doğan Jozsef, zor bir çocukluk ve ilkgençlik geçirdi.Fakir bir ailenin üç çocuğundan biriydi. Babası bir sabuncu, annesi ise hizmetçiydi. Babası, şair üç yaşındayken evi terk etti ve Amerika'ya kaçtı.Diğer iki kardeşiyle birlikte,annelerinin çocuklarına bakmak için insanüstü bir çabayla çalışmasına ve sonunda yorgunluktan hasta düşmesine şahit oldu. Annesinin hastalanması üzerine Macar Çocuk Esirgeme Derneği tarafından Ocsöd köyünden bir aileye evlatlık verildi.Evlatlık verildiği aile ona domuz çobanlığı yaptırdı ve ona Pista adını verdi. Orada 7 yaşına kadar yaşadı.Daha sonra annesinin sağlığına kavuşması ile tekrar onun yanına döndü ve onun ölümüne kadar eve katkı sağlamak için çeşitli işlerde çalıştı.Örneğin;sinemalar da su sattı. 14 yaşında annesini kaybetti. Attila József,bir şizofrendi ve ömrü boyunca pek çok kez ölmeyi denemişti.İlk intihar girişimini 9 yaşında yapmıştır.

A

Yazarlık dönemi
Bu dönemle birlikte kendini okumaya ve yazmaya veren Jozsef'in ilk şiirleri yerel gazetelerde görünmeye başladı.O dönem ülkenin en önemli edebiyat dergisi olan 'Nyugat' da şiirleri çıktı.17 yaşında ilk şiir kitabı olan "Güzellik Dilencisi"ni yayımladi.Bu kitapta yer alan 'Baş Kaldıran İsa' şiiri ile Tanrı'ya hakaret ettiği gerekçesiyle hakkında dava açıldı. Liseyi dışarıdan bitirerek, üniversitede edebiyat ve felsefe derslerine devam etmeye başladı. İkinci şiir kitabı "Haykıran Ben Değilim" 20 yaşında yayımlandı. Kitapta yer alan bir şiir yüzünden okuldan uzaklaştırıldı.Okuldan uzaklaştırılmasının sebebi ise faşizmin revaçta olduğu ülkede bu kitap devrimci olarak değerlendirilmiş olmasıydı bir profesör tarafından Önce Viyana Üniversitesi'ne, daha sonra Paris'te Sorbonne'a devam etti.Her iki üniversiteyi de bitiremedi ve sonunda ülkesine döndü ve Budapeşte Üniversitesi'ne devam etti.Üniversitede Marto Vago adlı kadınla tanıştı ve ona aşık oldu.Çok zengin bir ailenin kızı olan bu kadınla,aralarındaki sınıfsal farklılığa rağmen aşk yaşadılar.Ruhsal durumu pek iyi olmayan Jozsef bu aşkın sanrılarıyla mücadelede zorlandı ve sonunda uzun bir süre hastanede gözetim altına alındı.

Siyaset yılları
1930 yılında Macaristan Komünist Partisi'ne üye oldu. Ülkede faşizmin ağırlığını hissettirdiği dönemde parti çalışmalarında aktif olarak görev aldı.Kısa süre sonra partiyle fikir ayrılığına düştü ve sık görülen nöbetleri bahane gösterilerek partiden uzaklaştırıldı. 1931'de ruhsal sorunlar yaşarken yayımlanan "Yaz Geceleri" kitabı sakıncalı bulunarak hemen toplatıldı. 1932'de "Kenar Mahallede Gece", 1936'da "Çok Acıyor" adlı kitapları çıktı.1935 yılında bir kez daha hastaneye kaldırıldı.

Ölümü

József, küçüklükten beri akıl hastalığı belirtileri göstermeye başladı Senetoryumda Şizofreni ve Nevrasteni tedavisi gördü.
3 Aralık 1937'de Balatonszárszó'da 32 yaşında bir tren çarpması sonucu öldü. O sırada kız kardeşi ve eniştesinin evinde kalıyordu. En yaygın kabul gören görüş, daha önce teşebbüs ettiği intiharlardan ötürü yaygın kanı intihar yönündedir, ancak bazı uzmanlar ölümünün kaza sonucu olduğunu söylüyor.

Kaynakça

1905 doğumlular
Macar şairler
1937 yılında ölenler
İntihar eden şairler
Budapeşte doğumlu yazarlar
Borderline kişilik bozukluğu olan insanlar

Attila József


Santiago Jaime Silva Retamales (La Calera, 17 de junho de 1955) é um clérigo chileno e bispo católico romano de Valdivia.

Biografia

Santiago Silva Retamales nasceu em La Calera, Diocese de Valparaíso, filho de Luzmira Retamales Arqueros e Santiago Silva Vidal. Obteve seu mestrado em Teologia Dogmática pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Chile e depois em Teologia Bíblica pelo Pontifício Instituto Bíblico de Roma. Recebeu o presbiterado em 24 de outubro de 1980 e incardinado à Diocese de Valparaíso.

Foi professor, vice-reitor e reitor do Pontifício Seminário Maior San Rafael de Lo Vásquez e também ensinou Teologia Bíblica na Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Chile.

Em 16 de fevereiro de 2002, o Papa João Paulo II o nomeou bispo titular de Bela e auxiliar de Valparaíso. O ordinário de Valparaíso, Gonzalo Duarte García de Cortázar, SSCC, o sagrou em 6 de abril do mesmo ano; Os co-consantes foram o arcebispo de Santiago do Chile, Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa, ISch, e o bispo de Rancagua, Francisco Javier Prado Aránguiz, SSCC. Santiago Silva Retamales foi também vigário-geral da Diocese de Valparaíso.

Foi fundador, em 2003, e responsável, até 2015, do Centro Bíblico Pastoral da América Latina (CEBIPAL), dependente do Conselho Episcopal Latino-Americano (CELAM), hoje chamada Escola Bíblica. Também foi responsável pela tradução da Sagrada Escritura como chamada Bíblia da Igreja na América (BIA), que viria a ser lançada na 37ª Assembleia Ordinária do CELAM. Posteriormente, veio a ser também presidente da Comissão Bíblica Pastoral da Conferência Episcopal Chilena.

Em 2007, participou da V Conferência Geral do Conselho Episcopal Latino-Americano em Aparecida, Brasil, como especialista em Sagradas Escrituras. No ano seguinte, representou a Conferência Episcopal do Chile na XII Assembleia Ordinária do Sínodo dos Bispos sobre o tema "A Palavra de Deus na vida e na missão da Igreja". De 2008 a 2011, foi Secretário Geral da Conferência Episcopal Chilena. Em 2016 foi eleito Presidente da Conferência Episcopal do Chile.

Em 19 de maio de 2011, foi eleito Secretário Geral do CELAM para um mandato até 2015.

O Papa Francisco o nomeou bispo do Ordinariato Militar do Chile em 7 de julho de 2015. O exército chileno então o nomeou general-de-brigada. Em 23 de dezembro de 2020, o Papa Francisco o nomeou bispo de Valdivia. A posse ocorreu em 19 de março de 2021.

Ver também

Naturais de La Calera
Bispos católicos do Chile
Teólogos do Chile
Militares do Chile
Alunos da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Chile
Alunos do Pontifício Instituto Bíblico

Santiago Jaime Silva Retamales


عقد 520 هو عقد امتد بين 1 يناير 520 و31 ديسمبر 529 بحسب التقويم الميلادي. سبقه عقد 510 ولحقه عقد 530.

أحداث

مواليد

 عمرو بن كلثوم (526)
 الوليد بن المغيرة (525)
 ألبوين ملك اللومبارد (526)
 بندكت الأول (525)
 الإمبراطور سوشون (523)
 كولومبا (521)
 الإسكندر الترالي (525)
 عنترة بن شداد (525)
 عمرو بن معديكرب (529)

وفيات

 بوثيوس (525)
 كلودومير الأول (524)
 يوحنا الأول (526)
 رومولوس أوغستولوس (527)
 هرمزيدا (523)
 ترازاموند (523)
 جستين الأول (527)
 ثيودوريك العظيم (526)
 مزدكية (529)
 يعقوب السروجي (521)
 ذو نواس (523)

كتب

 موسوعة حضارة العالم (2002) لأحمد محمد عوف.

مراجع

روابط خارجية

 تصفح سنة بسنة عقد 520 ابتداءً من

عقد 520


El glaciar de Bionnassay  es un glaciar de la ladera italiana del macizo del Mont Blanc, en los Alpes. Es, junto con el glaciar del Dôme y el glaciar del Mont Blanc, uno de los afluentes del glaciar de Miage que conforman su zona de acumulación, y por tanto su cabecera.

El glaciar de Bionnassay nace directamente de la ladera sureste de la Aiguille de Bionnassay (4.502 m), bajo la arista aérea que se estira entre esta y el collado de Bionnassay (3.888 m) que lo comunica con la ladera francesa. El frente del glaciar es el nacimiento del glaciar de Miage propiamente dicho, antes de que se le unan sus otros dos tributarios. Es practicable sólo para esquiadores/escaladores experimentados debido a las profundas rimayas y grietas que le atraviesan de par en par.

El glaciar italiano de Bionnassay pertenece a la cuenca hidrográfica del valle de Val Veny. En la ladera francesa de la Aiguille de Bionnassay, existe otro glaciar de Bionnassay que fluye hacia el noroeste con dirección al valle de Val Montjoie.

Notas y referencias

Bionnassay
Bionnassay (Italia)
Macizo del Mont Blanc
Geografía del Valle de Aosta

Glaciar de Bionnassay (Italia)


O paradoxo de Peto diz que, no nível das espécies, a incidência de câncer não parece se correlacionar com o número de células de um organismo. Em outras palavras, que a incidência de câncer em humanos, por exemplo, é muito maior do que a a em baleias, embora estas tenham mais células do que os humanos. Quer dizer, se a probabilidade de carcinogênese fosse constante entre as células, seria de se esperar que as baleias tivessem uma incidência maior de câncer do que os humanos.

O paradoxo de Peto deve o seu nome ao estatístico e epidemiologista inglês Richard Peto, que foi o primeiro a observar essa relação.

História
Peto formulou o paradoxo pela primeira vez em 1977. Escrevendo uma revisão do modelo de múltiplos estágios do câncer, Peto observou que, em uma base célula-por-célula, os humanos eram muito menos suscetíveis ao câncer do que os ratos. Peto prosseguiu, sugerindo que as considerações evolutivas eram provavelmente responsáveis pelas taxas variáveis de carcinogênese por célula entre as espécies. O paradoxo permanece sem solução até hoje.

Na mesma espécie
Dentro de membros da mesma espécie, o risco de câncer e o tamanho do corpo parecem estar positivamente correlacionados, mesmo quando outros fatores de risco são controlados.

Um estudo longitudinal de 25 anos com 17.738 servidores públicos britânicos do sexo masculino, publicado em 1998, mostrou uma correlação positiva entre altura e incidência de câncer com um alto grau de confiança estatística, mesmo após fatores de risco como tabagismo serem controlados. Um estudo semelhante de 2011 com mais de um milhão de mulheres britânicas encontrou fortes evidências estatísticas de uma relação entre câncer e altura, mesmo depois de controlar uma série de fatores de risco socioeconômicos e comportamentais.

Uma análise de 2011 das causas de morte de 74.556 cães domésticos norte-americanos descobriu que a incidência de câncer foi mais baixa nas raças menores, confirmando os resultados de estudos anteriores.

Entre espécies
Entre as espécies, no entanto, a relação se desfaz. Em um estudo de 2015, o Zoológico de San Diego pesquisou resultados de 36 espécies diferentes de mamíferos, variando em tamanho desde o rato de grama listrada, de 51 gramas, até o elefante, de 4.800 quilos, quase 100.000 vezes maior.

O estudo não encontrou nenhuma relação entre o tamanho do corpo e a incidência de câncer, oferecendo suporte empírico para a observação inicial de Peto.

Considerações evolutivas
A evolução da multicelularidade exigiu a supressão do câncer até certo ponto, e conexões foram encontradas entre as origens da multicelularidade e o câncer. Para construir corpos maiores e com vida mais longa, os organismos exigiam maior supressão do câncer. As evidências sugerem que grandes organismos, como os elefantes, têm mais adaptações que os permitem escapar do câncer. A razão pela qual organismos de tamanho intermediário têm relativamente poucos desses genes pode ser porque a vantagem de prevenir o câncer que esses genes conferiam era, para organismos de tamanho moderado, superada por suas desvantagens - particularmente redução da fertilidade.

Várias espécies desenvolveram mecanismos para suprimir o câncer. Um artigo na Cell Reports em janeiro de 2015 afirmou ter encontrado genes na baleia-da-groenlândia (Balaena mysticetus) que podem estar associados à longevidade. Na mesma época, uma segunda equipe de pesquisadores identificou um polissacarídeo no rato-toupeira pelado que parecia bloquear o desenvolvimento de tumores. Em outubro de 2015, dois estudos independentes mostraram que os elefantes têm 20 cópias do gene supressor de tumor TP53 em seu genoma, enquanto os humanos e outros mamíferos têm apenas um.

Pesquisas adicionais mostraram 14 cópias do gene presente no DNA de mamutes preservados, mas apenas uma cópia do gene no DNA de peixes-boi e hyracoidea, os parentes vivos mais próximos do elefante. Os resultados sugerem uma relação evolutiva entre o tamanho do animal e a supressão do tumor, como Peto havia teorizado.

Considerações metabólicas e de tamanho de célula
Um artigo de 2014 no jornal Evolutionary Applications enfatizou o que os autores chamaram de "uma relação amplamente subestimada do tamanho das células com o metabolismo e as taxas de divisão celular entre as espécies" como fatores-chave subjacentes ao paradoxo, e concluiu que "organismos maiores têm células maiores e que se dividem mais lentamente e com menor gasto de energia, reduzindo significativamente o risco de iniciação do câncer."

Pesquisa médica
A aparente capacidade de animais grandes de suprimir o câncer em um grande número de células estimulou um campo ativo de pesquisa médica.

Em um experimento, camundongos de laboratório foram geneticamente alterados para expressar antígenos tumorais TP53 ativos "sempre ligados", semelhantes aos encontrados em elefantes. Os camundongos mutantes exibiram capacidade de supressão tumoral aumentada, mas também mostraram sinais de envelhecimento prematuro.

Outro estudo colocou o p53 sob controle regulatório normal e não encontrou sinais de envelhecimento prematuro.

Ver também
 Gene supressor de tumor

Referências

Epidemiologia

Oncologia
Pesquisa médica

Paradoxo de Peto


Trinity Continuum: Æon is a science fiction role-playing game previously published by White Wolf Game Studio in 1997 (and later by the ArtHaus imprint) under the name Trinity.  The current game is owned and published by Onyx Path Publishing.

History
White Wolf had a hole in their 1997 publishing schedule, so CEO Steve Wieck went to
designer Andrew Bates to fill it; the result was a new game, ÆON (1997), which went from first conception to publication in just 10 months. ÆON was a science-fiction game intended to create a whole new trilogy of games, and although it used a variant of the Storyteller game system, ÆON was intended to appeal to a more action-oriented audience than the World of Darkness. ÆON ran into troubles almost immediately due to a lawsuit from Viacom who felt that it violated the trademark of their TV show, Aeon Flux (1991-1995); the names on the first printing of ÆON actually had to be stickered over with the game's new name, Trinity. Because of White Wolf's imprint ArtHaus' success, acclaimed-but-low-selling games were added to the imprint over the years, and Trinity came to ArtHaus in 2000. ArtHaus produced d20 Trinity books to test the waters for White Wolf's other universes, but Trinity d20 (2004) came and went in a time when the d20 market was already weakened.

Five years after White Wolf's acquisition by CCP Games, CCP decided to shut down their traditional publishing endeavors. White Wolf's Creative Director, Richard Thomas, founded Onyx Path Publishing in 2012, and acquired the Trinity Universe, Scarred Lands, and Scion. After several years of publishing licensed material for White Wolf's World of Darkness and Exalted settings, the company was deemed stable enough to create a new system (the Storypath System) and new editions of both Scion and the now-renamed Trinity Continuum.

Description
Trinity was the first installment in the Trinity Universe series of games (the two others being Aberrant and Adventure!) sharing a common background and developing an alternate history of humanity through two centuries, and allowing players to play almost all genres of science fiction - from comic-book superhero action to cutting edge technothriller, space opera, and old-fashioned pulp standards. Though it had a vocal fanbase the whole game line was discontinued due to low sales in 2001; an adaptation for the d20 system was released in 2004. Onyx Path Publishing acquired the rights to the Trinity Universe in 2012, and released a new edition. The basic rules used for the Trinity Continuum were released in the Trinity Continuum Core Rulebook, while the futuristic science-fiction setting was released as an expansion under the name Trinity Continuum: Æon in 2019.

Setting
Set in the 22nd century, Trinity Continuum: Æon portrays a future Earth slowly recovering from a disastrous war (the origins of which are covered in Aberrant) and expanding in space. Former depressed areas such as Africa, South America and Eastern Asia, which suffered moderate traumas during the Aberrant War are now the leading political forces in the international arena, while Europe is a landscape of ruins and hard struggling survivors, and North America is under a fascist regime (the Federated States of America, or FSA). Bio-engineering is the leading technology and psionics are known and studied if not exactly widespread. Alien contact has been made, with mixed results.  Characters take the roles of psionic individuals, working for one of the many organizations in the gaming world, and tackling troubles when they arise. The game setting, which is detailed in a number of supplements, allows for a variety of styles, from cyberpunk-like corporate espionage to Mad Max-style post-holocaust frontier adventure, to space exploration.

Orders
Players have a choice of six "Orders" for their characters to join. Each Order possesses a mastery over a specific "Aptitude", a category of psionic powers. Each Order is based in a specific geographic location, often the homeland of its founder, and is heavily influenced by local culture. Actually, there are eight "Orders" in the Trinity Universe, but one only became playable after some metaplot hooks made it so, and the other has almost been exterminated by the year where the playable timeline begins.

The Æsculapian Order
Based in Europe, this Order is a global medical clinic first and foremost; its members fulfill the roles of combat medics, healers and scientists. They teach the Aptitude of vitakinesis, the usage of the mind to heal the body.

Interplanetary School for Research and Advancement
Based on the Moon, this Order is a quasi-monastic school of philosophy associated with the real religion the Bahá'í Faith (see popular media references). Its members learn clairsentience and use their sensory powers to become scouts and detectives.

The Legions
Based in Austronesia, these are high tech military corps (similar to that found in Starship Troopers), using the powers of psychokinesis to protect humanity from extrasolar threats.

Ministry of Psionic Affairs
Also called the Ministry of Noetic Affairs, this cloak and dagger spy agency is based in China and a part of the Chinese government. Members are skilled in telepathy and are the most secretive and mistrusted of the Orders for their abilities.

Nova Força Nacional (Portuguese for "The New National Force")
Also known as the Norça, this Order takes the form of a vigilante militia, based somewhere in the jungles of South America. They wield the powers of biokinesis, and possess complete biological mastery over their physical forms. They are as widely, if not more, distrusted than the Ministry.

Orgotek
A multinational technology corporation headquartered in North America, its members are all employees in some fashion or another. They can control the electromagnetic spectrum with the electrokinesis Aptitude. They often take the role of technical experts and engineers.

Upeo wa Macho (Swahili for "Horizon")
The Upeo are an African trade organization with the teleportation Aptitude. Although they had been missing for six years as of the core rules, they have since returned, although their absence has not altogether been explained to the public. With their return, regular contact with extrasolar colonies is being re-established.

Chitra Bhanu
The Chibs are an Indian physics laboratory with the ability to manipulate the nuclear forces of the universe (quantakinesis). They were exterminated because the other Psi Orders claimed that they had an alliance with the monstrous Aberrants, although there have been rumors of survivors either hiding on their own, or working secretly for other orders.

System
The game originally ran on a modified version of the White Wolf Storyteller System. A reprint was announced in late 2003 of the three Trinity Universe games using the Open Gaming License 3.5 rules, also known as the d20 System. The current version, by Onyx Path Publishing, became one of the first games to use the Storypath variant of Storyteller.

Books

Storyteller System
Trinity Core rulebook (two hard cover editions; limited and unlimited, and a soft cover edition)
Hidden Agendas: Storyteller's Screen and Book (screen with adventure & background sourcebook)
Darkness Revealed 1: Descent into Darkness (adventure book, March 1998)
Darkness Revealed 2: Passage through Shadow (adventure book, August 1998)
Darkness Revealed 3: Ascent into Light (adventure book, December 1998)
Alien Encounter 1: Invasion (adventure book)
Alien Encounter 2: Deception (adventure book)
Trinity Players' Guide (background and rules expansion)
Technology Manual (technology sourcebook)
Luna Rising: Psi Order ISRA & Luna Sourcebook
America Offline: Psi Order Orgotek & FSA Sourcebook
Shattered Europe: Psi Order Æsculapian & Europe Sourcebook
Stellar Frontier: Psi Order Upeo wa Macho & Extrasolar space Sourcebook (May 1999)
Aurora Australis: Psi Order Legions & Austronesia Sourcebook
Terra Verde: Psi Order Norça & Sudamérica Sourcebook (solely available in electronic form)
Asia Ascendant: Psi Order Ministry & Asia Sourcebook (unpublished manuscript released by game line developer Bruce Baugh, solely available in electronic form)
Trinity Field Report: Extrasolar Colonies (mini sourcebook)
Trinity Field Report: Alien Races (mini sourcebook)
Trinity Field Report: Psi Laws (mini sourcebook)
Trinity Field Report: Media (mini sourcebook)
Trinity Field Report: Oceania (mini sourcebook, solely in electronic form)
Trinity Field Report: Corporate Life (mini sourcebook, solely in electronic form)

D20 System
Trinity d20

Storypath System
 Trinity Continuum: Æon Rulebook
 Trinity Continuum: Æon Reference Screen
 Quantum Entanglement: A Trinity Continuum: Æon Jumpstart (a starter adventure which pays homage to The Last Gasp, the starter adventure found in 1st Edition's Hidden Agendas booklet)
 Æon Æxpansion (additional content that didn't fit in the core: additional technology, mechs,and additional character types: psiads and superiors)
 Æon Ready-Made Characters (a handful of playable starter characters)
 Distant Worlds (further details on the six colonies included in the Æon core, plus a bunch of additional worlds waiting to be discovered, and rules for playing the Qin aliens)
 Terra Firma (a guide to Earth and Luna, featuring each major region and one city from that region)
 Under Alien Skies (a guide to the various alien races of the setting, and guidelines on how to create your own)
 Prometheus Unbound (a guide to the setting's eight Psi Orders)
 Dawn and Meridian (novellas)
 Storypath Tasty Bit: Pets (a brief PDF akin to 1st Edition's Trinity Field Reports, focusing on animal companions)

Fan-written supplements
Absolute Zero Player's Guide (book by EON, solely in electronic form)
India Underground: Psi Order Chitra Bhanu & Bharati Commonwealth Sourcebook (book by EON, solely in electronic form)
Trinity Field Report: Noetic Science (mini sourcebook by EON, solely in electronic form)
Trinity: Awaiting Inspiration (mini sourcebook by EON, solely in electronic form)

Naming issue
Trinity was originally to be known as Æon (thus leading to all three games in the line having titles starting with an A), and was originally issued under that title in its hardback and deluxe versions. Legal issues arose with the holders of the rights for the animated series Æon Flux, which claimed the game challenged their trademarks. The matter was settled by White Wolf choosing to change the name of its game, and leaving "Æon" as the unofficial name for the whole line. Early copies of the game had a sticker with the new Trinity logo covering the original Æon logo.

Once White Wolf sold the IP to Onyx Path Publishing, the old Æon name returned as Trinity Continuum: Æon.

Reception
The reviewer from Pyramid #29 (Jan./Feb., 1998) stated that "Hope. Sacrifice. Unity. Strong words used to define the spirit of Trinity, the new science-fiction roleplaying game from White Wolf."

Reviews
Backstab #6 (as Aeon)
SF Site
SF Site
Casus Belli #111 (as Aeon)

References

White Wolf Publishing games
Science fiction role-playing games
Role-playing games introduced in 1997

Trinity Continuum: Æon (role-playing game)


Cipó es un municipio brasilero del estado de Bahía. Su población en 2007 era de 15.063 habitantes.

Historia

En 1730 El Padre Antônio Freire, concesionario de una parcela en el sertón de Itapicuru de Encima, dirigió una representación al Virrey del Brasil, al respecto de la utilización de las aguas termales de la región y en 1829, el gobierno de la Provincia mandó construir, por el capitán mayor Juán Dantas, un establecimiento de baños en las fuentes de la Misión de la Salud, a un kilómetro de la villa de Itapicuru, siendo concluidas sus obras en 1833.
El 8 de julio de 1931, fue elevado a la categoría de municipio por fuerza de decreto estatal de nº 7.479.

El 27 de mayo y 19 de septiembre de 1933 y 18 de julio de 1935, por los Decretos Estatales nº 8.447, 8.643 y 9.600, respectivamente, los municipios de Tucano, Ribeira do Pombal y Nueva Soure obtuvieron su autonomía. El municipio de Nueva Soure, sin embargo, perdió toda el área necesaria a la formación del distrito sede de Cipó, que junto con territorio total de Ribeira del Amparo, que no logrou emancipación, formó el actual municipio de Cipó, siendo este, según la división administrativa del País vigente, compuesto de tres distritos: Cipó, Ribeira del Amparo y Heliópolis.

Referencias

Localidades de Bahía

Cipó


Phalanx war eine deutsche Thrash-Metal-Band aus Herdecke, die im Jahr 1986 gegründet und 1998 aufgelöst wurde.

Geschichte
Die nordrhein-westfälische Band wurde im Jahr 1986 gegründet. Im Jahr 1991 erschien ein Demo mit dem Titel Towards the Pearly Gates. Eingesungen wurde es von einem Gastsänger, weil seit längerem vergeblich nach einem geeigneten Mitglied gesucht worden war. Das Demo weckte die Aufmerksamkeit des Labels D&S Records, bei dem schließlich das Debütalbum The Judas Touch erschien. Im Jahr 1998 erschien das zweite Album Look Behind the Mask bei Treasure Hunt Records. Auf dem Album befindet sich eine Coverversion von Metallicas Lied Enter Sandman, das hier jedoch nur den verkürzten Namen Sandman trägt. Im selben Jahr löste sich die Band auf.

Stil
Die Band spielte klassischen Thrash Metal, wobei der Einsatz von Wechseln in Tempo und Songstruktur charakteristisch ist.

Diskografie
 1988: Phalanx (Demo, Eigenveröffentlichung)
 1991: Towards the Pearly Gates (Demo, Eigenveröffentlichung)
 1993: The Judas Touch (Album, D&S Records)
 1998: Look Behind the Mask (Album, Treasure Hunt Records)

Einzelnachweise

Thrash-Metal-Band
Deutsche Band

Phalanx (Band)


Andrée Limozin-Balas (née en 1886 et morte en 1981) est une peintre pastelliste française, élève des peintres Jules Lefebvre et Tony Robert-Fleury à l'académie Julian ou aux beaux-arts.

Biographie
Andrée Limozin est la fille de Joseph Limozin (1861-1931), gérant de la société Limozin & Cie (quincaillerie), président de la Chambre des Négociants-Commissionnaires et du Commerce Extérieur, chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, et de Suzanne Rémond (1865-1944).

Elle grandit dans une famille parisienne. Elle est l'aînée d'une fratrie de 3 enfants : une sœur Yvette (1891-1965) et un frère Jean (1902-1936), journaliste et auteur dramatique, qui périt en mer, au large de Belle-Île-en-Mer, avec son épouse Licette (1904-1936), chanteuse, interprète de mélodies et opérettes, et son fils Bernard (1926-1936) (seule survivante sa fille Catherine).

Très peu voire pas de documents officiels, c'est par les journaux que l'on connaît la composition des membres de sa famille.

Andrée Limozin-Balas est décédée le 15 décembre 1981 à Berck-sur-Mer à l'âge de 95 ans, où résident deux de ses filles. Elle est inhumée au cimetière de Montmartre dans le .

Carrière
Elle est l'élève des peintres Jules Lefebvre et Tony Robert-Fleury.

Elle expose régulièrement à la galerie Georges Petit située 8 rue de Sèze dans le , du 15 au 28 février 1921, relaté dans la revue politique et littéraire Revue bleue, du  au 15 juin 1926. Événement mentionné par Le Petit Journal du 5 juin 1926, dans son article Art et curiosité.

Andrée Limozin-Balas participe à de nombreuses expositions tels que le rapportent les journaux de l'époque. Elle est citée dans l'article "Les arts" du journal Comœdia du 24 février 1921 consacré aux expositions, en page 13 de la revue satirique Les Potins de Paris du 25 avril 1926, en décembre 1929 et en page 4 du journal Le Figaro du 30 avril 1910 consacré à la Société des artistes français.

Les dessins, gravures et objets d'Arts dont les pastels d'Andrée Limozin-Balas étaient exposés dans des rotondes, petites pièces menant aux salles d'expositions des peintures. Elle dessine principalement des portraits - les membres de sa famille, enfants, grand-mère, frères et sœurs - ou des paysages croqués à Paris ou sur ses lieux de vacances tel que sa fille Anne-Marie aux Houches, le domaine skiable en Savoie.

En 1937, elle expose au Musée du Jeu de paume aux côtés d'autres artistes femmes, contemporaines internationales.

Œuvres
 Fillette à la robe violette au bouquet de fleurs sauvages (1913) en pastel
 Petite Fille (1913) en pastel
 Portrait de face et profil gauche (1922) en pastel sur papier
 Portrait de jeune fille (1961) en pastel sur papier
 Portrait de Grand-mère Suzanne Rémond
 Chapelle Notre Dame de la Joie (Finistère) en pastel
 Plusieurs pastels représentant la Seine : The Cruise, Péniche,...

Vie privée

Elle se marie avec Jean Balas (1881-1971), entrepreneur des travaux publics et particuliers, officier de la Légion d'honneur, le 18 décembre 1909 à Paris , puis religieusement le 20 décembre à l'Église Saint-Vincent-de-Paul de Paris.

Ensemble ils ont 4 enfants :

 Nicole (1911-2015) qui épouse Gérard Billaudot (1911-1986), président de la maison d'édition musicale Gérard Billaudot Editeur, dont postérité,
 Jeannine (1912-2000) qui épouse Roger de Cagny (1908-1978), chirurgien, dont postérité,
 Anne-Marie (1918-2019), violoniste et chef de chœur, officier de l'ordre des Arts et des Lettres, qui épouse Joseph Giret (1911-1985), chirurgien, chevalier de l'ordre national du Mérite, dont postérité,
 Philippe (1921-2017), entrepreneur des travaux publics et particuliers (dirigeant du groupe Balas), qui épouse Catherine Portier (1923-2010), dont postérité.

Références

Liens externes

Peintre pastelliste
Peintre française
Peintre français du XXe siècle
Naissance en novembre 1886
Naissance dans le 10e arrondissement de Paris
Décès en décembre 1981
Décès à Berck (Pas-de-Calais)
Décès à 95 ans

Andrée Limozin-Balas


Dennis Nicolaas Maria Bergkamp (f. 10. maí 1969 í Amsterdam, í Hollandi) er Hollenskur  fyrrverandi knattspyrnumaður. Hann er þekktastur fyrir tíma sinn hjá Arsenal , en hann lék einnig með Ajax  og Inter Milan. Hann lék 79 landsleiki fyrir Hollenska karlalandsliðið í knattspyrnu.

Titlar
 Eredivisie 1990
 KNVB Cup 1987, 1993
 Evrópukeppni bikarhafa 1987
 Evrópukeppni félagsliða 1992 (Ajax), 1994 (Inter)
 Enska úrvalsdeildin 1998, 2002, 2004
 Enski bikarinn 1998, 2002, 2003, 2005

Heimildir
  (á ensku)
  (á hollensku)

Bergkamp Dennis
Fólk fætt árið 1969

Dennis Bergkamp


Nagercoil, also spelt as Nagarkovil ("Temple of the Nāgas", or Nagaraja-Temple), is a city and the administrative headquarters of Kanyakumari District in Tamil Nadu state, India. Situated close to the tip of the Indian peninsula, it lies on an undulating terrain between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea.

The present city of Nagercoil grew around Kottar, a mercantile town that dates back to the Sangam period. Kottar is now a locality within the city limits. Nagercoil was a major town in the erstwhile Travancore kingdom till 1956. In 1956, Kanyakumari District, along with the town, was merged with Tamil Nadu.

Nagercoil is a centre for a range of economic activities in the small but densely-populated Kanyakumari District. Economic activities in around the city include tourism, wind energy, IT services, marine fish production and exports, rubber and cloves plantations, agro-crops, floral production, manufacture of fishnets, rubber products among other activities.

'Nagercoil Cloves' is a distinct quality of dried cloves in the spices market, noted for its aroma and medicinal value. Cloves, pepper and other spices are grown in estates in the Western Ghats, outside the town.

Nagercoil is also the nearest city to the ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri and the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant.

The city, along with the district of Kanyakumari, stands at the top in many HDI parameters in Tamil Nadu state, including education, per capita income, health indices, etc.

The municipality of Nagercoil was upgraded as a Municipal corporation on the eve of its 100th year as a city on February 14, 2019.

Etymology
Nagercoil derives from the Tamil expression Nagaraja koyil, meaning "temple of Nagas".

History
"Kottara: This is the name of a place in the country of the 'Aii', or ' Paralia ' (identical with South Travancore), which is called 'Kottiara Metropolis' by Ptolemy, ' Cottora' by Pliny. Undoubtedly the town referred to is 'Kôțţâra' or, as it is ordinarily spelled by Europeans, ' Kotaur,' the principal town in South Travancore, and now , as in the time of the Greeks, distinguished for its commerce. The name of the place is derived from ' Kôd-u, ' Tam., a line of circumvallation, a fortification , and " ârú, ' a river. It is a rule in the Tamil and the Malayalam , that when a word like 'Kôd is the first member of a compound, the final ' ' must be doubled for the purpose of giving the word the force of an adjective : it is another rule that sonants when doubled become surds. Consequently the compound 'kôd- ara' becomes by rule 'kôţt-âra' . It is interesting to perceive that in the time of the Greeks the same peculiar phonetic rules existed which are now in operation . It is also worth noticing that the Greek writers represent the last syllable of the name of the town, not as ' âru ,' but as 'âra . The Tamil has ' âru, ' the Malayalam 'ara ' At Kotaur, the dialectic peculiarities of the Malayalam language begin to supersede those of the Tamil ; and this appears to have been the case even in the time of the
Greeks." (Page 62-63)}} It was from the ancient trade centre of Kottar from where the city of Nagercoil began to expand.

Known as the Granary of Travancore, Nagercoil not only served as the food basket of Kerala, but was also one among the important spice-trading centers in the kingdom of Travancore from the 14th century onward, and maintained a trade network with Arab merchants from the pre-Islamic era. Various Tamil and Kerala kings fought over this rich agricultural land, which boasted six rivers. Various historians cite that the land's climate and diverse, luxuriant vegetation had no comparison anywhere else in Tamil Nadu.

Demographics

According to the 2021 estimation, Nagercoil had an estimated population of 6,22,759  with a female-male sex ratio of 1.05, well above the national average of 0.929 females/male. A total of 20,241 were under the age of six, constituting 10,119 males and 10,122 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 4.19% and 0.17% of the population respectively. The literacy rate of the city was 96.99%. The city had a total of 59,997 households. There were a total of 76,345 workers, comprising 244 cultivators, 1,155 main agricultural laborers, 2,271 in household industries, 67,050 other workers, 5,625 marginal workers, 110 marginal cultivators, 361 marginal agricultural laborers, 447 marginal workers in household industries and 4,707 other marginal workers.

Economy

The city is one among the 50 Indian cities to be ranked in the World Startup Index of 1,000 cities. The major software companies present in Nagercoil are CapeStart Inc., Hinduja Global Solutions, Navigant Consulting and American stock exchange NASDAQ. The city also has small aerospace manufacturing plants and satellite fabricating firms serving the Indian Space Research Organisations facility in ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri. The Regional Academic Centre for Space by Indian Space Research Organisation, one among the only six incubation centers for Space Startups in India, is under construction in Nagercoil. The Integral Coach Factory has a small scale windmill unit. The export of 95 tons of fruits and vegetables to the Gulf Countries through the Thiruvananthapuram airports is a major source of revenue for the city, with food processing companies generating a daily revenue of ₹16.7 lakh and an annual revenue of ₹6.1 billion. The flower market of Thovalai exports 350 tons of Flowers to Kerala, Europe and Middle Eastern countries generating an annual revenue of ₹250 crore.
The major cottage industries like Fish-net manufacturing, Rubber industries, Jewellery manufacturing are industries serving the domestic and export markets. The minor cottage industries include Surgical Gloves, Coir-making, floral trade, handloom-weaving, cashew nut, spices, food-processing units, and lace-making (export-oriented). Nagercoil has the highest per capita income of ₹2,76,454 (US$3,800), making it among the richest small cities in India.

Energy

The city has an installed windmill capacity of 1500 MW catering to 20% of the state's renewable electricity needs. Muppandhal has emerged as the wind power hub, with plant owners eager to cash in on the ₹2.90 per unit purchase price being offered by the Tamil Nadu Electricity Board.

Architecture

The architecture of Nagercoil consists of an eclectic combination of architectural styles, ranging from those that predate the creation of the town, from the early Dravidian architecture and Kerala Architecture, to English Gothic Revival, to the 21st century contemporary. Although there are prehistoric and classical structures in the city, the architectural history of Nagercoil effectively begins with the first small settlements from 3 A.D. The Roman naturalist and writer Pliny the Elder mentions Nagercoil as a commercial metropolis, having trade links with his contemporaneous Roman merchants, who traded and stayed in unique rock-walled, clay-roofed structures. This legacy can be found in some of the town's old heritage structures like the Nagaraja Temple, Nagercoil. The temple has two main deities, Krishna (revered as Ananda Krishna) and Nagaraja. The upadevathas are Shiva, Subrahmanya Swami, Ganesha, Devi, and Dwarapalaka. As an ancient tradition, the priests are Namboothiri Brahmins who are referred by the Pambumekkat mana in Thrissur, Kerala. The 14th century St. Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Kottar serves as a testimony to the mix of Roman and native architecture. While Saint Xavier was doing missionary work at Kottar and its neighborhood, he averted an invasion of Padagas with the help of his cross alone and thus protected the people of the Venad kingdom from that attack which was appreciated by the king, Unni Kerala Varma, who became closer to the priest and befriended him from then on. In recognition of Xavier's services, the king allotted him a piece of land to construct a Catholic church, as a gesture of goodwill, as per the church records. There was already a small church, in the same place where St. Xavier's church stands at present, dedicated to Mary the Mother of God, since AD 1544. Later on, Dravidian and Kerala architectural styles began to appear in the area. This can be attributed to the construction of the Thanumalayan Temple in the 16th century.

The brilliant artistic influence of Kerala and British architecture marvels are seen in the Nagercoil Palace, Nagercoil Clock Tower, Home Church, Scott Christian College, Scott School, Carmel Higher Secondary School, St. Joseph Convent, Sethu Lakshmi Bai School, Nagercoil Court, The Concordia Seminary, Filter House, The Salvation Army Catherine Booth Hospital and many more heritage structures in and around the town. Among these, the Nagercoil Clock Tower is the most visible to the outside world, situated in the heart of the town, which was built to commemorate the visit of Sri Moolam Thirunal, the ruler of Travancore, in 1893, and was designed by Hogeorf and S. Horesly of England. The Maharajah himself inaugurated it on 15 February of that year. The pendulum of the clock was made in Derbyshire by Smith of Derby Group, London. The clock is attached to a 60-foot-long chain with a weight, operated with pulleys through gravitational force.
The clock in the Nagercoil Clock Tower was presented to the Maharajah by Rev. James Duthie. of the London Missionary Society.
The total cost for constructing the Nagercoil Clock Tower was ₹ 3,258, 9 Chakrams and 12 Kasu. The Maharajah of Travancore donated ₹ 1017, and the balance was donated by the public. However, the declining interest by the government to uphold and preserve the heritage monuments is a cause of concern to heritage enthusiasts and the citizens of the town. The fear, that with time, the extinction of this heritage will be imminent is growing with the demolition of a few structures.

Politics

Marshal Nesamony, one of the leading lawyers of the Nagercoil Bar, was elected as the Chairman of the Nagercoil Municipal Council in 1943. He enlarged the town boundary, improved the town's water supply system, established a home for destitutes and increased the income of the Nagercoil Municipality. In the same year, he was elected to the Travancore State Assembly and was also nominated to the Senate of the Kerala University, then known as the Travancore University. Later on K. Kamaraj, the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu, won from the Kanyakumari constituency without even canvassing. The Nagercoil (Lok Sabha constituency) is perhaps the only constituency in Tamil Nadu to not have elected any Dravidian parties in the state's history.

A.K. Chellaiya, was a politician and an MLA of Colachel constituency in 1952. He resigned his post for merging Kanyakumari with Tamil Nadu.

A. Samraj, was an MLA of Thovalai constituency in 1952. He resigned from his post for merging Kanyakumari with Tamil Nadu.

Education

Tamil is the official language in Nagercoil and is spoken by the majority of the population here. In addition to Tamil, English and Malayalam are widely spoken. There are many schools and colleges in Nagercoil that are known for their national reputation and were established more than 150 years ago; colleges such as Scott Christian College (est. 1809), South Travancore Hindu College (est. 1952), Holy Cross College (est. 1965), Women Christian College and schools such as Scott Christian Higher Secondary School (est. 1819), Duthie Girls School (est. 1819), St. Joseph's Convent Higher Secondary School (est. 1910), Carmel Higher Secondary School (est. 1922), S.L.B. Government Higher Secondary School (est. 1924), S.M.R.V. Higher Secondary School (est. 1919).

The literacy rate is at 96.99% higher than the national average of 74.04% and state average of 80.09%.

Culture

At Vadasery, a locality in Nagercoil, a unique Temple jewellery is made. The Vadasery Temple jewellery has Geographical Indications (GI) registry of the Government of India. These jewels are used by classical dancers in India.

Onam is a festival which is widely celebrated among the Malayalam-speaking population by drawing the 'athapoo' on the floor.

Navaratri is uniquely celebrated here with an inter-state tradition  in which the idols of Goddess Munuthithanankai Amman from Suchindrum, Goddess Saraswati from Padmanabhapuram Palace and Lord Kumaraswamy from Kumarakovil travel to Thiruvananthapuram. A ceremonial welcome is given to the idols of the Gods by the officials and representatives of the Government of Kerala. After the ten days of Navratri festival, they return to the respective temples with great celebrations.

Sports
Nagercoil has the distinction of housing one of the two Sports Authority of India Centers in the state, the other being in Chennai. There are plans to make the city hub for sports in South India by merging it with the Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi Centers with headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram.

Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDAT) is maintaining Aringar Anna Outdoor Stadium in Vadasery and SDAT indoor Stadium in Konam, Nagercoil. It also has an excellent Swimming pool for sports players.

Nagercoil also has various sports clubs that promote various sports activities. Nagercoil Fencing Club  promotes fencing sports in nagercoil.
Also there are various Non govt sports clubs like The District Club, The Nagercoil Club, Ramavarmapuram club, etc.

References

Notes

External links

 Official website of Kanyakumari district

Cities and towns in Kanyakumari district

Nagercoil


فؤاد عبد الرحمن عبد العزيز الهاشم (17 أبريل 1952 -) كاتب كويتي، يعتبر من أشهر الكتاب في الكويت وهو كاتب عمود (علامة تعجب!) في جريدة الوطن الكويتية، وهو الشقيق الأكبر للنائب في مجلس الامة الكويتي صفاء الهاشم.

بداياته
بدأ الكتابة الصحفية منذ مطلع ثمانينات القرن الماضي وتحديداً في عام 1981 بمجلة (آفاق) الجامعية ولديه شريحة كبيرة من القراء داخل الكويت وخارجها. وتتميز كتاباته بأسلوب النقد الساخر، وهو لا يحتسب على أي تيار لكنه ذو توجهات ليبراليه في الكويت، كما يعتبر من الكتاب المناصرين للمرأة والمطالبين بحقوقها، كما أنه من أوائل الكتاب الكويتين الذين انتقدوا النواب الإسلامين وانتقد غيرهم من التجار ويتضح هذا الشيء من خلال انتقاداته الدائمة في عموده اليومي للجماعات الدينية المختلفة الموجودة في مجلس الأمة الكويتي واتهامها بأنها السبب الدائم للتأزيم بين الحكومة والمجلس.

وللكاتب  صفحة شبه اسبوعية في جريدة الوطن تهتم بمساعدة المحتاجين بحيث يقوم بايصال طلباتهم إلى الأشخاص المعنيين أو الجهات المسؤولة.

إقالته من الوطن
لطالما كان عمود «علامة تعجب!» هو مايميز الصفحة الأخيرة من جريدة الوطن الكويتية، ولكن لم يدم ذلك، ففي 13 مارس 2013 تم نشر مقالة للهاشم عبر موقع إلكتروني بعنوان "احمد الفهد.. الشيخ الذي احترق"، بعد ان تم منعها، وفي نفس الليلة اتصل رئيس تحرير الوطن طالباً من الهاشم انكار كتابته للمقالة المذكورة والقول بإنها مدسوسة، وحينها جاء رد الهاشم الذي نشره على حسابة بتويتر قائلاً: " حتى لا اغضب انهيت المكالمة "!.

وأكد الهاشم في مقابلة تلفزيونية، «انها كانت اقالة وليست استقالة».

وبرر الهاشم رفضة لانكار كتابته المقال قائلا «طوال ثلاثون سنه تعود الناس مني المصداقية، فكيف انفي مقالا كتبته!»،  وذكر أيضا «إن الجريدة من حقها رفض المقالة، كما من حقي نشرها في أي مكان آخر» !

وتجدر الإشارة إلى أن هذه ليست المرة الأولى التي تمت فيها إقاله فؤاد الهاشم عن الكتابة، فقبل الغزو الكويتي تم إيقافه ومنعه من الكتابة ايضاً!

اما الآن فينشر الهاشم مقالاته في صحيفة البِلاد البحرينية والعرب والرأي العام وكذلك في موقع كُتّابْ الإلكتروني.

هروبه من الكويت
في عام 2017 قضت محاكم الكويت بإدانته وسجنه وأمرت محكمة الجنايات الكويتية بإلقاء القبض عليه وحبسه مدة 7 سنوات مع الشغل والنفاذ في قضية الإساءة لدولة قطر وتحريضه على انقلاب عسكري فيها، الا أنه وقبيل صدور الحكم في حقه هرب من الكويت وأعلن عن لجوئه إلى دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة  ، ونظرا لوجود اتفاقية أمنية بين الكويت والدول الخليجية تنصّ على تسليم المطلوبين كافة للعدالة في كل بلد، خرج فؤاد الهاشم من دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة الي جهة غير معلومة ولا يزال متوارٍ عن الانظار.

التلفزيون

في أبريل 2009 وتزامنا مع حل مجلس الأمة الكويتي من نفس العام، بدأ الكاتب برنامجاً تلفزيونياً أسماه (ساعة تعجب!) وذلك على قناة الوطن وتحول من كاتب صحفي إلى مذيع إعلامي ومحاور لقاءات تلفزيونية، يتناول البرنامج القضايا المحلية في الكويت وذلك لفترة تمتد إلى 40 يوم من بداية البث حتى انتخابات مجلس الأمة الكويتي 2009، ويعد هذا العمل تحولاً نوعياً للكاتب مقارنة بالعمل الكتابي.

انظر أيضاً
أسامة فوزي مؤسس صحيفة عرب تايمز.
محمود السعدني.
محمد الوشيحي كاتب كويتي ساخر.
عائشة الرشيد

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
كتاب كويتيون
ليبراليون كويتيون
مواليد 1371 هـ
مواليد 1952
كتاب بالعربية في القرن 20
كتاب بالعربية في القرن 21

فؤاد الهاشم


La liste des papillons du Bénin recense environ  connues dont aucune n'est endémique.

Papilionidae

Papilioninae
14 espèces

Papilionini
Papilio nireus  Linnaeus, 1758
Papilio chrapkowskoides nurettini  Koçak, 1983
Papilio sosia  Rothschild & Jordan, 1903
Papilio dardanus  Brown, 1776
Papilio phorcas  Cramer, 1775
Papilio demodocus  Esper, [1798]

Leptocercini
Graphium antheus (Cramer, 1779)
Graphium policenes (Cramer, 1775)
Graphium angolanus baronis (Ungemach, 1932)
Graphium leonidas (Fabricius, 1793)
Graphium adamastor (Boisduval, 1836)
Graphium agamedes (Westwood, 1842)

Pieridae
43 espèces

Coliadinae
Eurema brigitta (Stoll, [1780])
Eurema desjardinsii marshalli (Butler, 1898)
Eurema hapale (Mabille, 1882)
Eurema hecabe solifera (Butler, 1875)
Eurema senegalensis (Boisduval, 1836)
Catopsilia florella (Fabricius, 1775)

Pierinae
Colotis antevippe (Boisduval, 1836)
Colotis aurora evarne (Klug, 1829)
Colotis euippe (Linnaeus, 1758)
Colotis evagore antigone (Boisduval, 1836)
Nepheronia pharis (Boisduval, 1836)
Nepheronia thalassina (Boisduval, 1836)
Leptosia alcesta (Stoll, [1782])
Leptosia marginea (Mabille, 1890)
Leptosia wigginsi pseudalcesta Bernardi, 1965

Pierini
Appias epaphia (Cramer, [1779])
Appias phaola (Doubleday, 1847)
Appias sylvia (Fabricius, 1775)
Mylothris chloris (Fabricius, 1775)
Dixeia capricornus (Ward, 1871)
Belenois aurota (Fabricius, 1793)
Belenois calypso (Drury, 1773)
Belenois creona (Cramer, [1776])
Belenois hedyle (Cramer, 1777)
Belenois theora (Doubleday, 1846)

Lycaenidae
127 espèces

Miletinae

Miletini
Lachnocnema vuattouxi Libert, 1996

Poritiinae

Liptenini
Pentila pauli Staudinger, 1888
Pentila petreia Hewitson, 1874
Mimeresia libentina (Hewitson, 1866)
Liptena septistrigata (Bethune-Baker, 1903)
Tetrarhanis symplocus Clench, 1965
Pseuderesia eleaza (Hewitson, 1873)
Citrinophila similis (Kirby, 1887)

Aphnaeinae
Lipaphnaeus leonina ivoirensis Stempffer, 1966
Cigaritis mozambica (Bertoloni, 1850)
Zeritis neriene Boisduval, 1836
Axiocerses harpax (Fabricius, 1775)
Aphnaeus brahami Lathy, 1903

Theclinae
Myrina silenus (Fabricius, 1775)
Dapidodigma demeter (Clench, 1961)
Hypolycaena philippus (Fabricius, 1793)
Pilodeudorix catalla (Karsch, 1895)
Paradeudorix eleala viridis (Stempffer, 1964)
Hypomyrina mimetica Libert, 2004
Deudorix antalus (Hopffer, 1855)
Deudorix dinomenes diomedes Jackson, 1966
Deudorix odana Druce, 1887

Polyommatinae

Lycaenesthini
Anthene amarah (Guérin-Méneville, 1849)
Anthene liodes (Hewitson, 1874)
Anthene lunulata (Trimen, 1894)
Anthene princeps (Butler, 1876)
Anthene starki Larsen, 2005
Anthene sylvanus (Drury, 1773)
Anthene hades (Bethune-Baker, 1910)

Polyommatini
Cupidopsis jobates mauritanica Riley, 1932
Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus, 1767)
Cacyreus lingeus (Stoll, 1782)
Leptotes babaulti (Stempffer, 1935)
Leptotes jeanneli (Stempffer, 1935)
Leptotes pirithous (Linnaeus, 1767)
Zizeeria knysna (Trimen, 1862)
Zizina antanossa (Mabille, 1877)
Actizera lucida (Trimen, 1883)
Zizula hylax (Fabricius, 1775)
Azanus jesous (Guérin-Méneville, 1849)
Azanus mirza (Plötz, 1880)
Azanus moriqua (Wallengren, 1857)
Azanus natalensis (Trimen & Bowker, 1887)
Euchrysops malathana (Boisduval, 1833)
Freyeria trochylus (Freyer, [1843])
Lepidochrysops quassi (Karsh, 1895)
Lepidochrysops victoriae occidentalis Libert & Collins, 2001

Nymphalidae
177 espèces

Libytheinae
Libythea labdaca Westwood, 1851

Danainae

Danaini
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Danaus chrysippus alcippus (Cramer, 1777)
Tirumala petiverana (Doubleday, 1847)
Amauris niavius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Amauris tartarea Mabille, 1876
Amauris crawshayi camerunica Joicey & Talbot, 1925
Amauris damocles (Fabricius, 1793)
Amauris hecate (Butler, 1866)

Satyrinae

Elymniini
Elymniopsis bammakoo (Westwood, [1851])

Melanitini
Gnophodes betsimena parmeno Doubleday, 1849
Melanitis leda (Linnaeus, 1758)

Satyrini
Bicyclus angulosa (Butler, 1868)
Bicyclus campus (Karsch, 1893)
Bicyclus dorothea (Cramer, 1779)
Bicyclus ignobilis (Butler, 1870)
Bicyclus milyas (Hewitson, 1864)
Bicyclus safitza (Westwood, 1850)
Bicyclus sandace (Hewitson, 1877)
Bicyclus vulgaris (Butler, 1868)
Bicyclus xeneas occidentalis Condamin, 1965
Ypthima doleta Kirby, 1880
Ypthimomorpha itonia (Hewitson, 1865)

Charaxinae

Charaxini
Charaxes varanes vologeses (Mabille, 1876)
Charaxes fulvescens senegala van Someren, 1975
Charaxes boueti Feisthamel, 1850
Charaxes jasius Poulton, 1926
Charaxes epijasius Reiche, 1850
Charaxes legeri Plantrou, 1978
Charaxes castor (Cramer, 1775)
Charaxes brutus (Cramer, 1779)
Charaxes numenes (Hewitson, 1859)
Charaxes tiridates (Cramer, 1777)
Charaxes imperialis Butler, 1874
Charaxes etesipe (Godart, 1824)
Charaxes achaemenes atlantica van Someren, 1970
Charaxes anticlea (Drury, 1782)
Charaxes virilis van Someren & Jackson, 1952
Charaxes plantroui , 1975
Charaxes lactetinctus  Karsch, 1892
 Charaxes nichetes leopardinus  Plantrou, 1974

Euxanthini
Charaxes eurinome (Cramer, 1775)

Pallini
Palla violinitens (Crowley, 1890)

Nymphalinae

Nymphalini
Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus, 1758)
Junonia chorimene (Guérin-Méneville, 1844)
Junonia hierta cebrene Trimen, 1870
Junonia oenone (Linnaeus, 1758)
Junonia orithya madagascariensis Guenée, 1865
Junonia sophia (Fabricius, 1793)
Junonia terea (Drury, 1773)
Junonia westermanni Westwood, 1870
Junonia cymodoce (Cramer, 1777)
Salamis cacta (Fabricius, 1793)
Protogoniomorpha parhassus (Drury, 1782)
Protogoniomorpha cytora (Doubleday, 1847)
Precis ceryne ceruana Rothschild & Jordan, 190
Precis octavia (Cramer, 1777)
Precis pelarga (Fabricius, 1775)
Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus, 1764)
Hypolimnas salmacis (Drury, 1773)
Catacroptera cloanthe ligata Rothschild & Jordan, 1903

Biblidinae

Biblidini
Byblia anvatara crameri Aurivillius, 1894
Byblia ilithyia (Drury, 1773)
Ariadne enotrea (Cramer, 1779)
Neptidopsis ophione (Cramer, 1777)
Eurytela dryope (Cramer, [1775])

Epicaliini
Sevenia umbrina (Karsch, 1892)

Limenitinae

Limenitidini
Pseudoneptis bugandensis ianthe Hemming, 1964
Pseudacraea lucretia (Cramer, [1775])

Neptidini
Neptis metella (Doubleday, 1848)
Neptis morosa Overlaet, 1955
Neptis troundi Pierre-Baltus, 1978

Adoliadini
Hamanumida daedalus (Fabricius, 1775)
Aterica galene (Brown, 1776)
Bebearia sophus (Fabricius, 1793)
Euphaedra medon (Linnaeus, 1763)
Euphaedra sarcoptera (Butler, 1871)
Euphaedra themis (Hübner, 1807)
Euphaedra janetta (Butler, 1871)
Euphaedra ceres ceres (Fabricius, 1775)
Euphaedra ceres lutescens Hecq, 1979
Euphaedra phaethusa (Butler, 1866)
Euphaedra edwardsii (van der Hoeven, 1845)
Euphaedra harpalyce (Cramer, 1777)
Euptera elabontas (Hewitson, 1871)

Heliconiinae

Acraeini
Acraea camaena (Drury, 1773)
Acraea neobule Doubleday, 1847
Acraea zetes (Linnaeus, 1758)
Acraea caecilia (Fabricius, 1781)
Acraea pseudegina Westwood, 1852
Acraea acerata Hewitson, 1874
Acraea encedana Pierre, 1976
Acraea encedon (Linnaeus, 1758)
Acraea serena (Fabricius, 1775)
Acraea lycoa Godart, 1819
Acraea translucida Eltringham, 1912

Vagrantini
Phalanta eurytis (Doubleday, 1847)
Phalanta phalantha aethiopica (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)

Hesperiidae
109 espèces

Coeliadinae
Coeliades chalybe (Westwood, 1852)
Coeliades forestan (Stoll, [1782])
Coeliades pisistratus (Fabricius, 1793)

Pyrginae

Celaenorrhinini
Eretis lugens (Rogenhofer, 1891)
Sarangesa bouvieri (Mabille, 1877)

Carcharodini
Spialia spio (Linnaeus, 1764)
Gomalia elma (Trimen, 1862)

Hesperiinae

Aeromachini
Pardaleodes edipus (Stoll, 1781)
Pardaleodes incerta murcia (Plötz, 1883)
Andronymus neander (Plötz, 1884)
Zophopetes cerymica (Hewitson, 1867)
Monza cretacea (Snellen, 1872)

Baorini
Pelopidas mathias (Fabricius, 1798)

Voir aussi
 Géographie du Bénin
 Mosaïque de forêt-savane guinéenne
 Liste des mammifères du Bénin

Notes et références

 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Assiettes
 Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Texte (en allemand)

Liste en rapport avec la faune d'Afrique
Lépidoptères

Liste des papillons du Bénin


En brudekjole er en kjole, som udelukkende anvendes i forbindelse med bryllup eller vielse.

Brudekjolen er traditionelt hvid, men også pastelfarver som cremehvid, champagne og bleg-rosa forekommer.
Det anses dog ikke forkert at vælge en kjole i en helt anden farve, og selv kjoler med indslag af blå, rød og sort forekommer.

Historie

Et af de tidligste eksempler på en hvid brudekjole er den kjole, som Maria de Medici bar i året 1600. Under den såkaldte første empire (Direktoriet, 1795-1799) sås hvide brudekjoler blandt overklassens unge kvinder i Europa.

Brudekjole i hvidt slog dog først for alvor igennem, da dronning Viktoria valgte at stå brud i en hvid hofkjole i 1840. Den første engelske prinsesse, der bar hvid brudekjole, var imidlertid dronning Philippa. Da hun som 12-årig giftede sig med Erik af Pommern i Lund den 26. oktober 1406, var hun klædt i en tunika og en kappe af hvid silke, kantet med skind af grå egern og hermelin.

Almuen giftede sig derimod traditionelt i folkedragt eller i de bedste klæder, man ejede. Langt op i 1800-tallet kunne selv en noget bedre bemidlet brud bære en stærkt farvet eller mønstret kjole. Fordelen ved en sådan kjole var naturligvis, at den kunne anvendes igen som balkjole. I anden halvdel af 1800-tallet blev sort den almindeligeste farve, og stærkere farver ansås som upassende. Brugen af hvid kjole blev almindeligt udbredt i modekredse først i 1880'erne, og efter første verdenskrig slog det igennem blandt den øvrige befolkning.

Den kristne kirke ville fremhæve det kristne aspekt af ægteskabet, at bruden skulle forblive kysk og uskyldig. Desuden ville den voksende borgerklasse vise sin rigdom ved bl.a at udruste bruden med en kjole, som kun blev brugt en gang.

Inspirationen til brudekjolens udseende kom ofte fra diverse kongelige bryllupper. Senest bidrog prinsesse Dianas brudekjole fra 1981 til en trend med romantiske kjoler.

Til brudekjolen hører ofte en brudebuket og en "sløjfe". Ofte bærer bruden traditionelle og eksklusive underklæder.

På de tre første fotografier under er bruden klædt i mørke farver. Frem til slutningen af 1960'erne blev brudekjolen ofte syet efter samtidens mode.

Henvisninger

Eksterne henvisninger

Kjoler
Bryllup

Brudekjole


An Habenaria curranii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Oakes Ames. An Habenaria curranii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Habenaria, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Habenaria

Habenaria curranii


Banje, arheološko nalazište u uvali imena Banje Rogaču, Šolta, zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
U uvali "Banje" u Rogaču na otoku Šolti, u neposrednoj blizini plaže, nalaze se ostatci antičke ville rustice. Pod kućom i u kući (koja je nekada pripadala ing. Vicku Dvorniku, a prije adaptacije koristila se za potrebe bivšeg odmarališta "Jugoplastika") bili su vidljivi ostatci antičkih zidova te antičke cisterne građene od fino uslojenoga kamenja, obložene debelim slojem vodonepropusne žbuke. Većina ovih arhitektonskih ostataka porušena je prilikom gradnje spomenutog odmarališta. Do danas je ostao očuvan i vidljiv antički zid dužine 17 m i visine oko 0,5 m koji se nalazi južno od objekta odmarališta. Prilikom iskopa za temelje restorana pronađeni su također temelji zidova te jedan kasnoantički kapitel. Uz brojne ulomke antičke keramike pronađeno je i nekoliko manjih površina prekrivenih mozaikom. Prema pričanju lokalnoga stanovništva, zidovi su se nalazili i u moru, sa sjeverozapadne strane uvale, a pretpostavlja se da se radi o ostatcima pristaništa. Zapadno od kompleksa pronađeni su grobovi u amforama. Na temelju istraživanja provedenih za potrebe proširenja restorana 1986. godine može se zaključiti da se u uvali "Banje" u Rogaču nalaze ostatci kasnoantičke ville rustice, 3. – 4. st. poslije Krista. Godine 2011. obavljena su zaštitna arheološka istraživanja na zaštićenome području u kojima su pronađeni ostatci mozaika te ostatci dijela termalnoga kompleksa s ostatcima hipokausta. S obzirom na svoj položaj te ostatke mozaika i kapitela, villa je vjerojatno bila luksuznijega karaktera. Središnji dio kompleksa, okrenut prema moru, najvjerojatnije je imao otvoren trijem, a analogija se može pronaći u kompleksu na Bilicama blizu Šibenika.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-5931 zavedeno je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro – pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "arheološka baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene stambeno-poslovne građevine u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Rogač (Šolta)

Banje (arheološko nalazište)


Die Communauté de communes Delta Sèvre Argent ist ein ehemaliger französischer Gemeindeverband (Communauté de communes) im Département Deux-Sèvres und der Region Poitou-Charentes. Er wurde am 24. Dezember 1992 gegründet.

Mitglieder
 Bretignolles
 Cerizay
 Cirières
 Combrand
 La Forêt-sur-Sèvre
 Mauléon
 Montravers
 Nueil-les-Aubiers
 La Petite-Boissière
 Le Pin
 Saint-Amand-sur-Sèvre
 Saint-André-sur-Sèvre
 Saint-Jouin-de-Milly
 Saint-Pierre-des-Échaubrognes

Quelle
Le SPLAF - (Website zur Bevölkerung und Verwaltungsgrenzen in Frankreich (frz.))

Delta Sevre Argent


EZ Canis Majoris (también catalogada cómo HD 50896 o WR 6) es una estrella Wolf-Rayet situada en la constelación del Can Mayor visible incluso con binoculares.

De tipo espectral WN4 y una magnitud aparente que oscila entre 6,71 y 6,95, se halla a una distancia de 5.900 años luz (1800 parsecs) del Sol y es 380,000 veces más brillante que este, con una temperatura superficial de 85,000 Kelvin y un radio 2,9 veces superior. Su masa se estima en 20 masas solares.

Se ha propuesto que puede ser una estrella doble, siendo su compañera una estrella de neutrones que orbitaría en torno a ella cada 3.8 días; sin embargo, se considera más probable que sean efectos en su viento estelar y que dicha compañera no exista

Referencias

Enlaces externos
EZ Canis Majoris (SIMBAD)

Constelación de Canis Maior
Estrellas de Wolf-Rayet

EZ Canis Majoris