Brum (), is a British children's television series about the adventures of a small, sentient vintage car named Brum. The series was originally narrated by Toyah Willcox, who also provided the voice for Brum and all the characters. The show aired for three series between 1991 and 2002 with two revived CGI series airing on YouTube in 2016. The show first aired on BBC One on the children's block, Children's BBC (CBBC), and later on CBeebies.

Set in Birmingham, England (referred to as "Big Town" in the series) and produced by Ragdoll Productions, Brum was first broadcast in 1991 and the last live-action series was broadcast in 2002. It was initially directed, written and produced by Anne Wood and initially narrated by Toyah Willcox who also provided the voice for Brum and all the characters in story form. In series 3, all the characters including Brum were silent except for the car noises. The narrator provided commentary similar to silent film rather than the previous story form. A new CGI-animated series, aimed at young pre-school children, was produced in 2016.

Plot and setting
Brum is the story of a small, sentient replica car who ventures out into the Big Town when his owner isn't looking and gets up to all manner of adventures. Each episode begins and ends in the same way, with Brum leaving the other cars in the motor museum when the owner's back is turned and heading out to explore the Big Town, before eventually returning to his place. Each series has had its own background music. From series 1–2, the introduction music was the same, but in series 2, they used different instruments. From Series 3, the music became jazzy and a new title sequence was directed by Nigel P. Harris.

The car can express himself in various mechanical ways including opening and closing his doors and bonnet, bobbing his suspension, and flashing and swivelling. The actors in Brum do not speak – mime and off-screen narration help propel the story. It was therefore easy to prepare episodes for airing in other countries, and the series has been broadcast in many parts of the world and in many languages.

The stories are mostly set in the city of Birmingham, England, since in addition to its onomatopoeic nature of a car engine revving, Brum (as a contraction of "Brummagem") is a common colloquial name for Birmingham. Although later series make no direct mention of Birmingham, calling it simply Big Town, many of the city's streets and landmarks can be seen in each episode.

The show was written by a range of writers. Anne Wood primarily wrote all the first series, while the second was written by Tom Poole, Dirk Campbell, Andrew Davenport and Morgan Hall. The last two series were written by Nigel P. Harris (5 Episodes) and the existing Ragdoll team.

The car itself – a half-scale replica of a late-1920s Austin 7 Chummy convertible – was designed and built by Rex Garrod. It is now housed at the Cotswold Motoring Museum in Bourton-on-the-Water, Gloucestershire, which is also where the opening and closing sequences of the programme were filmed.

Characters

1990s
 Museum Owner (Mike Cavanagh): The owner of the car museum where Brum lives. He is the only human character who appears in every episode and the only character who is apparently oblivious to Brum's adventures, (except for one where he finds Brum broken down at a junkyard and helps him escape.) despite finding items in Brum's backseat at the end of each episode in Series 1 and 2. The actor, Mike Cavanagh, actually owned the Cotswold Motor Museum until 1999. He died in 2021 and there is a plaque dedicated to him on the wall at the entrance to the Museum.
 The Lollipop Lady (Shirley-Anne Bohm): A lady who helps people, and Brum, cross the road safely, she appears in every episode in the second series.
 WPC Truncheon (Deborah Grant): the police officer in Big Town.
 The Big Town Robber (Andrew Davenport): Always up to mischief, the robber's antics include stealing the trophy for the big race. Brum is usually the one that foils his plans as seen in "Brum and the Big Chase/Dancing in the Street", and "Brum and the Big Town Race/Brum and the Trophy".
 Mr. and Mrs. La-Di-Dah (Brian Wilson and Lesley Stanier): A posh married couple who regularly featured in the second series.
 Mr. and Mrs. Doolally (Mark Barnsley; Zoey Foley O'Neill in Series 2, Ep. 4-5, 7, 10 and Theresa O'Malley in Series 2, Ep. 8): A friendly, if extremely absent-minded, couple who regularly featured in the first and second series.
 Vicky Spoon (Catherine Mathers): A regular cast member of the second series, Vicky is Brum's special friend.
 Micky Mender (Hugo Whyte): A handyman, a regular cast member of the second series.
 Big Town Bullies (Shazad Mahmood and Georgina Treharne)
 The Scrap Dealers (Dave Evans and Mark Walter)
 Two Masked Bank Robbers (Robert Goodman and Barry Robinson)
 Newspaper Boy (Daniel Brocklebank)

2000s

Townspeople
 Traffic Policeman (Mark Powlett): A "knockabout" policeman, who owns a horse called Arrow who loves being fed apples. He wishes to sing in Big Town's pop band, and always followed the rules when he was younger.
 Granny Slippers (Linda Kerr Scott): An old lady who wears slippers wherever she goes, especially when shopping. As her name implies, she loves slippers to the point she owns 1007 different pairs. She also has a kitten named Lucky. Despite her age, she would wish to beat a motorbike in a race someday.
 Visiting Man (Jos Houben): One of Big Town's tourests. He loves taking pictures (especially of Brum) and discovering areas of Big Town he hasn't discovered yet. He also holds the Big Town record for standing on one leg.
 Mr. Brillo (Rob Thirtle): A man who lives next door to Granny Slippers. He has a wide collection of garden gnomes and wishes to own over 100 of them. His favourite gnome is a 342-year-old one named Gnorman. His favourite picture is the Gnoma Lisa.
 Gorgeous Gordon (Enoch White): A self-centred, full-of-himself hairdresser who wears a wig as hair.
 Bob & Job (Kevin McGreevy & Adam Schumacher): Two comically clumsy men, who wear green dungarees and yellow T-shirts and help the town in a way of slapstick style from Laurel and Hardy.
 Scruffy: A good friend of Brum's, a dog who loves bones, hot dogs and burying things. He once ate 150 hot dogs in one week.
 Big Town Mayor (John Woodford): The town manager.
 The Visiting Lady (Iona Kennedy / Carole Davies): The Visiting Man's wife who lives in the town.
 The Mayoress: The mayor of Big Town
 The Celebrity (Johnnie Fiori): A celebrity who appeared in the episode 'Brum and the Airport Adventure' when she had her jewels stolen by Bubble & Squeak at the Big Town Airport.
 Sally: A woman in the Big Town who had her cake stolen by teenagers on her birthday in the episode "Brum and the Birthday Cake/Brum and the Cake Gang".
 Policewoman (Lisa Allen)

Thieves
 Rob & Nick (Dan Carey and Jason Segade): A bumbling pair of thieves who are best known for stealing Mr. Brillo's gnome, robbing the golf buggy at the Big Town Golf Course, a posh celebrity's dog, Money hat from the artist and a waiter's apron at the pizza restaurant.
 Bubble & Squeak (Chalky Skywalker Chawner and Paul Jackson): A pair of thieves who love anything shiny, especially jewels. They wear clothes that never fit because they were stolen from washing lines. They appeared in Brum and the Airport Adventure, Brum and the Bank Robbers/Brum and the Heavy Safe, and Brum and the Golden Loo.
 Big Bad (Paul Filipiak): Appeared in Brum and the Pantomime Cow/Brum and the Theatrical Thieves, Brum and the Snow Thieves, Brum and the Splash and Grab and Brum - Chasing Balloons.
 Big Bad's 1st Girlfriend (Christine Nayrolles): Appeared in Brum and the Snow Thieves, Brum and the Shop Window Dummy/Brum and the Mannequin.
 Big Bad's 2nd Girlfriend (Kay Stanley): Appeared in Brum and the Splash and Grab.
 Big Bad's Assistant's Girlfriend (Justine Marriott): Appeared in Bushes on the Run.
 Big Bad's Assistant (Eric Mallett): Appeared in Brum and the Pantomime Cow/Brum and the Theatrical Thieves with Big Bad, Bushes on the Run with his girlfriend.
 The Shadow (Miles Anthony): A menacing thief who appeared in Brum and the King of Thieves and Brum and the Gorilla Caper.
 Pickpocket Polly (Catherine Marimer): A thief who stole a wallet from a visiting man, and, of course, she took the items from people and put them in her swag bag.
 Penny Pincher (Julia West): Appeared in Brum and the Music Box and Brum and the Stopwatch Botch.
 Cake Gang: (Kerry Dean, Gavin Cooper, David Smith, Charmaine Samuels and Liam Mullan): A group of greedy teenagers who stole a birthday cake from Sally in "Brum and the Birthday Cake/Brum and the Cake Gang".
 Magic Paul (Andy Dawson): a Magician who is his assistant of Pickpocket Polly
 The Beady-Eyed Robber (Heather Tyrrell): Appeared in Brum and the Stolen Necklace.

Episodes

Series 1 (1991)
 1. Brum to the Rescue - 26 September 1991
 2. Brum and the Kite – 3 October 1991
 3. Brum and the Scrapyard – 10 October 1991
 4. Brum at the Opera – 17 October 1991
 5. Brum and the Mad Mower – 24 October 1991
 6. Brum at the Seaside – 31 October 1991
 7. Brum and the Little Girl Lost – 7 November 1991
 8. Brum and the Wheels – 14 November 1991
 9. Brum and the Removal Van – 28 November 1991
 10. Brum and the Magician – 5 December 1991
 11. Brum and the Runaway Pram – 12 December 1991
 12. Brum on Safari – 19 December 1991
 13. Brum and the Stilt Walker – 26 December 1991

Series 2 (1994)
The second series of the show was first broadcast on Children's BBC in October 1994 and consisted of thirteen episodes with the runtime of each episode being increased to 15 minutes. Toyah Wilcox reprised her role as the narrator.

Most episodes of this series were later edited by the BBC in the late 90s cutting the length of the episodes down to 10 minutes to fit with the runtime of the first series. These were broadcast until 2001.
 1. Brum and the Helicopter – 6 October 1994
 2. Brum and the Crane – 13 October 1994
 3. Brum Goes Ice Skating – 20 October 1994
 4. Brum Dances in the Street – 27 October 1994
 5. Brum at a Wedding – 3 November 1994
 6. Brum and the Rascally Robber – 10 November 1994
 7. Brum and the Supermarket – 17 November 1994
 8. Brum and the Very Windy Day – 24 November 1994
 9. Brum and the Street Party – 1 December 1994
 10. Brum and the Naughty Kitten – 8 December 1994
 11. Brum and the Marching Band – 15 December 1994
 12. Brum and the Flood – 22 December 1994
 13. Brum Goes House Painting – 29 December 1994

Series 3 (2001)
The third series featured a brand new format, depicting Brum as a superhero car, where he stops thieves and even has his own song at the end of every episode ("Brum Gets Things Done"). There is no narrator in this series but instead, it has children commenting on what is happening. There were 40 episodes broadcast across 2001 and 2002 on CBBC One and CBeebies.

 22. Brum the Football Hero – 6 May 2002
 23. Brum and the Rampant Robot – 13 May 2002
 24. Brum and the Mannequin – 20 May 2002
 25. Brum and the Bowling Alley – 27 May 2002
 26. Brum and the Basketball – 3 June 2002
 27. Brum and the Gorilla Caper – 10 June 2002
 28. Brum and the Runaway Sofa  – 17 June 2002
 29. Brum and the Garden Gnome – 24 June 2002
 30. Brum and the Runaway Ball – 1 July 2002
 31. Brum and the Stunt Bike – 2 September 2002
 32. Brum and the Stopwatch Botch – 9 September 2002
 33. Brum and the Cream Balloon – 16 September 2002
 34. Brum and the Pickpocket – 23 September 2002
 35. Brum and the New Gnome – 30 September 2002
 36. Brum and the Mouse – 7 October 2002
 37. Brum and the Heavy Safe – 14 October 2002
 38. Brum and the Runaway Rickshaw – 21 October 2002
 39. Brum and the Artist – 28 October 2002
 40. Brum and the Crazy Chair Chase – 4 November 2002

Bag of Gags
The Bag of Gags are short episodes included on the UK DVD releases as well as being featured on half-hour versions of Series 3. They do not contain any narration and focus on comedy and slapstick.

Development
During the development of the third season, Ragdoll renewed Video Collection International's Home Video deal on June 12, 2001, for seven years, in addition to the BBC acquiring the broadcast rights to the season. On August 31, Ragdoll announced that the new season would premiere on September 3, with the first VHS/DVD release of the new series to coincide on October 8. On October 7, Ragdoll launched the show internationally at MIPCOM, where the Australian Broadcasting Corporation acquired the Australian broadcast rights for the series to air on ABC for Kids in December, and on the ABC Kids channel in Spring 2002. The show would premiere on ABC TV on March 11, 2002.

On January 17, 2002, Ragdoll announced that the series would be one of the launching programs on the then-upcoming CBeebies channel in the United Kingdom. By MIPTV 2002 on April 15, Ragdoll pre-sold the series to KRO in the Netherlands to air on their Z@ppelin channel's Kindertijd strand. They also announced that after MIPCOM 2001, NRK in Norway, SVT in Sweden and Kids Central in Singapore had also acquired the rights to the series in their respective countries. On September 6, TV3 in New Zealand and RTE's Network 2 in Ireland acquired the broadcast rights, and premiered the series on September 7 and September 10, respectively.

Discovery Communications later acquired the US-broadcast rights to the series and launched it on the Ready Set Learn block on The Learning Channel and Discovery Kids in February 2003. In March, Ragdoll announced RTV Family Entertainment as the German partner for the series, with RTV confirming they would broadcast the show on their Ravensburger TV block on Super RTL at the end of June.

DHX Media revivals
February 2016 saw the release of a rebooted Brum, made by the current owners of the franchise DHX Media. The show is now takes place in a white-coloured setting instead of Big Town and features new friends for Brum. The first episode, "Brum's Car Wash Adventure", premiered on 4 March 2016 via the official Brum YouTube channel. A total of 25 CGI episodes were produced, with a second series currently airing.

Another series, this time animated using Toon Boom Harmony Animation called "Brum & Friends" premiered on the channel in September 2017.

Kiddie ride
A coin operated kiddie ride of Brum was made by Amutec Ltd. The first version contains the original Brum theme song, and the second and third versions contain the rebooted closing credits song aka "Brum Gets Things Done."

UK VHS/DVD Releases
 Brum - Rescue and Other Stories (1991) (VHS)
 Brum - Wheels and Other Stories (1992) (VHS)
 Learn with Brum: Safari Park and other stories (1992) (VHS)
 Brum: Stilts, Seaside & Rescue (1994) (Watch & Play VHS)
 Children's Choice (Rosie & Jim, Playbox and Brum) (1992) (compilation VHS which contains the episode, "Brum and the Pram")
 Brum - Bumper Special: Seaside and 9 Other Stories (1993) (VHS)
 Brum: 2 on 1 - Rescue/Wheels and other stories (1995) (VHS)
 Brum and the Helicopter and Other stories (1994) (VHS)
 Brum - The Big Chase and other stories (1995) (VHS)
 Brum - The Naughty Kitten and Other Stories (1995) (VHS)
 Brum - The Little Drummer Boy and other stories (1995) (VHS)
 My Little Brum - Brum and the Big Chase/Brum is an Ice Skating Star (1996) (VHS)
 My Little Brum - Brum and the Helicopter/Brum and the Wedding (1996) (VHS)
 Brum - Biggest Party Video (1998) (VHS)
 Brum: Airport and Other Stories (2001) (VHS/DVD)
 Brum: Airport and Other Stories (2002) (VHS) (Marks & Spencer Re-Release) (This includes "Brum and the Runaway Train" as a bonus episode. This version was only released on VHS)
 Brum: Snow Thieves and Other Stories (2002) (VHS/DVD)
 Brum: Runaway Statue (2002) (The VHS was released in 2002, the DVD was released in 2004)
 Brum: Soccer Hero and Other Stories (The VHS was released in 2002, whilst the DVD was issued in 2004, it was only released in a carry case form)
 Brum: Stunt Bike Rescue and Other Stories (2003) (VHS/DVD)
 Brum: Crazy Chair Chase and other stories (2003) (VHS/DVD)
 Brum - Kitten Rescue and other stories (2003) (VHS/DVD)
 Brum - Stopwatch Botch and other stories (2004) (VHS/DVD)
 The Very Best of Brum (2004) (VHS/DVD) (The DVD release is the only Brum home media release to feature the "Brum and the Pickpocket" episode as a bonus episode, making this the only episode unavailable on VHS).

Reception
Deirdre Sheppard of Common Sense Media, gave the series three stars out of five, saying, "When watching Brum, expect loud costumes, catchy music, silly dancing, and comedic choreographed coincidences. Since it moves much faster than most kids' programming, Brum is a good fit for kids with shorter attention spans and for parents who can't always stomach the monotony of other kids' shows. Overall, it's a great pick -- just be sure to know when to fill in the gaps!."

References

External links

1991 British television series debuts
2002 British television series endings
1990s British children's television series
2000s British children's television series
BBC children's television shows
British children's adventure television series
TLC (TV network) original programming
Television series by DHX Media
Television series by Mattel Television
Television series by Ragdoll Productions
Australian Broadcasting Corporation original programming
English-language television shows
Fictional cars
Television shows set in Birmingham, West Midlands
British television shows featuring puppetry
CBeebies
HIT Entertainment
British preschool education television series
1990s preschool education television series
2000s preschool education television series
British television series revived after cancellation
Anthropomorphic vehicles

Brum (TV series)


Joachim Fischer (* 6. September 1960 in Bremen) ist ein deutscher Aktionskünstler und Autor.

Biografie
Joachim Fischer wurde am 6. September 1960 in Bremen im Stadtteil Woltmershausen "Pusdorf" geboren. In den 1980er-Jahren studierte Fischer Chemie und begann zeitgleich mit ersten künstlerischen Arbeiten. Seit 1992 ist er Mitglied in der Deutschen Friedensgesellschaft – Vereinigte KriegsdienstgegnerInnen (DFG-VK). Seine Kunstausstellungen und -aktionen verbindet er mit aktiver friedenspolitischer Tätigkeit, bekannt sind unter anderem Aktionen mit rot-weißem Baustellenband, Kunst aus Müll, "Einkaufszettel – Literatur des Alltags" oder Bilder aus Verschlussclips. Seit 1999 befinden sich Bilder von Fischer in Bremer Staatsbesitz.  Im Jahre 2001 erfolgte seine Aufnahme im "Wer ist wer in Deutschland?", im Jahre 2002 erfolgte seine Aufnahme in den Bundesverband Bildender Künstlerinnen und Künstler (BBK). Durch sein Markenzeichen – eine Schottenmütze mit roter Bommel – erhielt er seinen Spitznamen "Bommel-Fischer".

Darüber hinaus schreibt er Glossen unter dem Titel Bommels Welt.

Credo
"Solange die Farben in den Flaschen bleiben, findet kein Treffen und keine Kommunikation statt. Das ist erst in Freiheit möglich. Ohne die Farben aus Flaschen und Tuben zu befreien, gibt es keine farbigen Gemälde. Für mich ist das ein Symbol des menschlichen Zusammenlebens. Nur wenn Menschen in Freiheit sind, können sie einander begegnen und ein wunder bunter Bild der Menschheit gestalten."

Arbeiten
 Erklärung von Baustellen zu "Kunst im Öffentlichen Raum" (Aktionen mit rot-weißem Baustellenband)
 Führungen zum Thema "Baustellen als Kunst im Öffentlichen Raum" (1995 Bremen, 1996 Berlin, 2001 Sassnitz/Rügen und Oldenburg, 2002 Otterndorf)

 1995 Installation eines großen Spinnennetzes am Cafe Sand (Bremen)
 1995 Aktion "Christo genügt der Reichstag, doch Fischer verpackt alles" (Berlin)
 1996 Gestaltung von 17 Plakatwänden (Bremen)
 1997 Bremer Roland verkaufen (Bremen)
 1998 Mahnsäule für die FREIe HEIDe (SchweinrichBrandenburg)
 1999 Brocken aufstocken (Harz)
 1999 Denkmal für Kriegsdienstverweigerer (Bremen)
 2000 Riesenkreuzworträtsel auf Feuerwachenfassade, Eintrag in Bremissimo, dem Bremer Buch der Rekorde (Bremen)
 25. April 2001 Aktion zum Tag des Baumes (Bremen)
 2001 Morsezeichen, Gestaltung eines Tunnels (Bremen-Woltmershausen)
 2002 Kunst ist: "Brocken bauen, über Brücken gehen" (St.-Johann-Schule Bremen)
 2002 Tunnelprojekt Leben = Lieben (Bremen)
 2002 Wartezeit = Denkzeit (Hauptbahnhof, Emden)
 2002 Friedenstreppe (Bremen)
 2003 Friedenstreppe (Bremen-Vegesack)
 2004 Kunstbaustelle am Weserstrand (Bremen-Woltmershausen)
 2007 Friedenstreppe (Bremen-Buntentorsteinweg)
 2011 Installationen aus Schallplatten "Oase der Ruhe" (Bremen)

Ausstellungen
Einzelausstellungen

 1999 Monochrome Readymades (Zentralbibliothek, Bremen)
 2000 Baustellen sind Kunst im öffentlichen Raum; Fotos (Angestelltenkammer, Bremen)
 2001 Mein Telefonkabel; Zeichnungen (Deutsche Telekom und Kulturhaus Pusdorf, Bremen)
 2001 Kunst aus Müll (Villa Ichon, Bremen)
 Einkaufszettel als Literatur des Alltags (Zentralbibliothek, Bremen)
 2002 Verschlußclip-Art (Galerie Zaubernuß, Otterndorf)
 2003 Einkaufszettel als Literatur des Alltags (Stadtbibliothek, Cuxhaven)
 2003 Verschlußclip-Art (Villa Ichon, Bremen)
 2003 Riesen-Malbuchbilder (Kulturzentrum Schlachthof, Bremen)
 2003 Bilder aus Baustellenband (Zentralbibliothek, Bremen)
 2004 Kunst aus Müll (DGB-Haus, Bremen)
 2004 Einkaufszettel als Literatur des Alltags (Stadtbibliothek, Leer)
 2004 Baustellen sind Kunst im öffentlichen Raum; Fotos (Kulturzentrum Brodelpott, Walle (Bremen))

Ausstellungsbeteiligungen:

 2002 "Neue Mitglieder" des BBK-Bremen
 2003 Ausstellung zum "Jahr der Bibel" "Suchen. Und Finden.", (St. Stephanigemeinde, Bremen)
 2003 "Wort-Kunst" Kunstverein Achim (Rathaus, Achim)
 2004 Kunstverein Achim und Stadt Achim (Rathaus Achim)

Buch-Veröffentlichungen
 So ist meine Welt. Glossen. Sujet Verlag, Bremen, 2012, ISBN 978-3-933995-91-9
 So ist meine Tierwelt. Glossen. Sujet-Verlag, Bremen, 2013, ISBN 978-3-944201-13-9
 So ist meine Stadt. Bommels Bremen-Buch. Glossen. Sujet-Verlag, Bremen, 2015, ISBN 978-3-944201-50-4

Weblinks
 offizielle Künstlerhomepage
 Kunstbaustelle am Weserstrand 2004
 Joachim Bommel Fischer: Zehn Straßenlaternen auf und an der Werderseebrücke vom 30. Juli 2010
 Wo alte Schallplatten gemeinsam schweigen, Weser-Kurier vom 4. Juli 2011

Künstler der Neuzeit
Bildender Künstler (Bremen)
Autor
Schriftsteller (Bremen)
Person (Woltmershausen)
Deutscher
Geboren 1960
Mann

Joachim Fischer (Künstler)


Laniocera es un género de aves paseriformes perteneciente a la familia Tityridae que agrupa a dos especies nativas de la América tropical (Neotrópico) donde se distribuyen desde el sur de México a través de América Central y del Sur hasta el norte de Bolivia y sur de la Amazonia brasileña. A sus miembros se les conoce por el nombre popular de plañideras.

Etimología
El nombre genérico femenino «Laniocera» se compone del género Lanius y de la palabra del griego «keras, kerōs»: cuerno (p. ej. pico), significando «con el pico como un Lanius».

Características
Las dos aves de este género son poco frecuentemente encontradas y habitan dentro de selvas húmedas de baja altitud, cada una de un lado de los Andes. Son de tamaño relativamente grande, midiendo 20 cm de longitud, y se caracterizan por sus cabezas redondas, lo que les confiere una suave expresión como de palomas, y por sus estrechos anillos oculares dorados.

Lista de especies
Según las clasificaciones del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC) y Clements Checklist/eBird v.2019, el género agrupa a las siguientes dos especies, con el respectivo nombre popular de acuerdo con la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (SEO):

(*) Estado de conservación

Taxonomía
El género fue propuesto por el ornitólogo francés René Primevère Lesson en 1841, que definió una nueva especie Laniocera sanguinaria , 1841 como la especie tipo; sin embargo esta resultó ser un sinónimo posterior de Ampelis hypopyrra , 1817, actualmente Laniocera hypopyrra.

Este género ha sido tradicionalmente colocado en la familia Tyrannidae; así como Tityra, Iodopleura, Laniisoma y Pachyramphus en la familia Cotingidae y Schiffornis en la familia Pipridae. La Propuesta N° 313 al Comité de Clasificación de Sudamérica (SACC), siguiendo los estudios de filogenia molecular de Ohlson et al. (2007), aprobó la adopción de la nueva familia Tityridae, incluyendo el presente y los otros géneros.

Las evidencias sugieren que el presente género pertenece a un clado basal dentro su familia, incluyendo también los géneros Schiffornis, y Laniisoma (con una fuerte sustentación por el método de remuestreo estadístico Bootstrapping).

Los amplios estudios genético-moleculares de Tello et al (2009) y Ohlson et al (2013) descubrieron una cantidad de relaciones novedosas dentro de los paseriformes subóscinos que todavía no están reflejados en la mayoría de las clasificaciones. Específicamente para la familia Tityridae, corroboraron las tesis anteriores y propusieron la subfamilia Schiffornithinae , 1985 agrupando a Schiffornis, Laniocera y Laniisoma.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Géneros de aves
Taxones descritos por René Primevère Lesson

Laniocera


B-47 Stratojet, her türlü hava koşulunda harekata elverişli, stratejik orta bombardıman uçağı. Altı turbojet motoru vardır. Havada yakıt ikmali sayesinde kıtalar arası menzile sahiptir. Nükleer ve nükleer olmayan bombalar kullanılabilir. RB-47, bu uçağın keşif modelidir.

B-47 Stratojet
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri savaş uçakları

Boeing B-47 Stratojet


معدل الوفيات هو مقياس لعدد الوفيات (بشكل عام أو لسبب محدد) بالنسبة لتعداد السكان في السنة الواحدة. و عادة ما يتم التعبير عنه بصيغة لكل 1000 شخص بالسنة. معدل الوفيات أيضا يمكن تعريفه على انه يعبر عن عدد الوفيات خلال فترة معينة من الزمن بين نوع أو مجموعة معينه من الناس

تشير بيانات الوفيات أعداد الوفيات في مكان وزمان محددين مع معرفة السبب. و تعكس منظمة الصحة العالمية بيانات الوفيات المسجلة من قبل نظم التسجيل الوطني المدني للوفيات، والسبب الكامن وراء الوفاة يشفر من قبل السلطة الوطنية.

السبب الكامن وراء الوفاة يعرف على انه "المرض أو الإصابة التي شرعت في سلسلة من الأحداث المرضية المؤدية مباشرة إلى الموت، أو ملابسات الحادث أو العنف الذي أسفر عن إصابة قاتلة، وفقا لقواعد التصنيف الدولي للأمراض.

و هناك عدة مصطلحات تندرج تحت معدل الوفيات:

معدل الوفيات الخام
هو مقياس عدد الوفيات لجميع الأسباب للسكان في عام. أو حسب اليونيسيف هو العدد السنوي للوفيات لكل 1000 من السكان.

معدل الوفيات الخام هو عدد الوفيات بين سكان منطقة جغرافية معينة خلال سنة معينة عدد المتوفين في كل 1000 في منتصف العام لسكان في منطقة جغرافية معينة خلال العام نفسه

معدل وفيات الفترة المحيطة بالولادة
وفاة فترة ما حول الولادة تشير إلى مزيج من وفيات الأجنة والمواليد الأحياء فقط مع بقاء فتره قصيرة (أيام أو أسابيع)، ويتم تجميعها على افتراض أن هناك عوامل مماثلة تربط هذه الخسائر

عدد وفيات حديثي الولادة (أقل من 28 يوم) و الإملاص (ولادة وليد ميت) بالنسبة لجميع الولادات

على الرغم من كون الأطفال حديثي الولادة ليسوا مرضا، فإن أعدادا كبيرة من الأطفال يموتون بعد الولادة مباشرة: كثير منهم في الأسابيع الأربعة الأولى من الحياة (وفيات الأطفال حديثي الولادة)، ومعظم هؤلاء خلال الأسبوع الأول (في وقت مبكر وفيات المواليد الجدد). لكل طفل يموت في الأسبوع الأول بعد الولادة، وآخر يولد ميتا (موت الجنين أو موت الجنين داخل الرحم). أسباب ومحددات وفيات حديثي الولادة وموت الجنين داخل الرحم تختلف عن تلك التي تسبب والمساهمة في ما بعد الولادة.

معدل وفيات الأمومة
معدل وفيات النساء بسبب الحمل إلى عدد الولادة الحية

هو مقياس يعبر عن وفاة امرأة أثناء الحمل أو خلال 42 يوما من انتهاء الحمل، بصرف النظر عن مدة وموقع الحمل، أو أي قضية متعلقة أو متفاقمة من جراء الحمل أو إدارتها ولكن ليس من أسباب عارضة أو طارئة. لتسهيل التعرف على وفيات الأمهات في ظروف سبب إسناد الموت غير كاف، وقد تم إدخال فئة جديدة: يعرف الموت المتصلة بالحمل مثل وفاة امرأة أثناء الحمل أو خلال 42 يوما من انتهاء الحمل، بصرف النظر عن سبب الوفاة.

معدل وفيات الرضع
نسبة وفيات الرضع (أعمارهم أقل من سنة واحدة) إلى عدد الولادات الحية

احتمال الوفاة بين سن الولادة وسنة واحدة من العمر، على مدى فترة محددة، يعبر عنه بعدد الوفيات في 1000 ولادة حية.

الطفل حديث الولادة، أو الوليد، هو طفل تحت 28 يوما من العمر. خلال هذه 28 يوما الأولى من عمر الطفل، يكون أكثر عرضة لخطر الموت. بالتالي فمن الأهمية أن يتم توفير التغذية والرعاية المناسبة خلال هذه الفترة، وذلك لتحسين فرص الطفل في البقاء على قيد الحياة، ووضع أسس لحياة صحية.
معدل الوفيات في عمر الشباب، هو الشاب من فوق عمر ال 18، اغلب الوفايات اسبابها حوادث مرور أو مرض وغيرها.

معدل وفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة
يعبر عن احتمال الوفاة بين سن الولادة وبالضبط سن الخامسة لكل 1,000 ولادة حية

نسبة وفيات الأطفال (أعمارهم أقل من 5 سنوات) إلى عدد الولادات الحية

معدل الوفيات لعمر محدد
نسبة عدد الوفيات لعمر محدد إلى عدد الأشخاص في هذا العمر.

استخدامه في علم الأوبئة
في معظم الحالات، توجد طرق قليلة، إن وجدت، لتحديد معدلات الوفيات الدقيقة، لذلك يستخدم علماء الأوبئة التقديرات للتنبؤ بمعدلات الوفيات الصحيحة. عادةً ما يصعب التنبؤ بمعدلات الوفيات بسبب الحواجز اللغوية والقضايا المتعلقة بالبنية التحتية الصحية والصراع وغيرها من الأسباب. تواجه وفيات الأمهات تحديات إضافية، لا سيما فيما يتعلق بحالات ولادة جنين ميت (الإملاص) وحالات الإجهاض والولادات المتعددة. في بعض البلدان، وخلال عشرينيات القرن الماضي، عُرّف الإملاص على أنه «ولادة بعد حمل يتجاوز عشرين أسبوعًا لا يظهر فيها الطفل أي مؤشر للحياة بعد ولادته». رغم ذلك، يُعرف الإملاص في معظم البلدان على أنه «ولادة جنين، بعد 28 أسبوعًا من الحمل، مع عدم حدوث التنفس الرئوي».

بيانات تعداد السكان والإحصاءات الحيوية
من الناحية المثالية، تُجرى كامل تقديرات الوفيات باستخدام الإحصاءات الحيوية وبيانات تعداد السكان. تعطي بيانات تعداد السكان معلومات مفصلة عن السكان المعرضين لخطر الموت. توفر الإحصاءات الحيوية معلومات حول المواليد الأحياء والوفيات بين السكان. في كثير من الأحيان، لا تتوفر بيانات تعداد السكان وبيانات الإحصاءات الحيوية. هذا أمر شائع في البلدان النامية والبلدان التي تشهد نزاعات والمناطق التي سببت فيها الكوارث الطبيعية نزوح جماعي للسكان ومناطق أخرى حيث توجد أزمات إنسانية.

المسوحات المنزلية
تعد المسوحات أو المقابلات الأسرية طريقة أخرى لتقييم معدلات الوفيات. هناك عدة طرق لتقدير معدل الوفيات ضمن شرائح مختلفة من السكان. أحد الأمثلة على ذلك طريقة الأختية، وتتضمن باحثين يقدّرون معدل وفيات الأمهات بالتواصل مع النساء ضمن الفئات السكانية المعنية والسؤال عما إذا كان لديهن أخت أم لا، وما إذا كانت الأخت في سن الإنجاب (عادةً 15) وإجراء مقابلة أو أسئلة مكتوبة حول الوفيات المحتملة بين الأخوات. لا تنفع طريقة الأختية في الحالات التي قد تكون فيها الأخت قد ماتت قبل ولادة الأخت التي تجرى مقابلتها.

الاعتيان
يشير الاعتيان إلى اختيار مجموعة فرعية من السكان المعنيين للحصول على معلومات حول المجتمع بأكمله بكفاءة. يجب أن تكون العينات ممثلة للسكان المعنيين. الاعتيان العنقودي هو نهج لأخذ العينات غير الاحتمالية؛ وهو النهج الذي يتم فيه تعيين كل فرد من السكان إلى مجموعة (عنقود)، ثم يتم اختيار المجموعات بشكل عشوائي، ويتم تضمين جميع أعضاء المجموعات المختارة في العينة. غالبًا ما يُدمج مع تقنيات اختيار العينات الطبقية (يسمى في هذه الحالة الاعتيان متعدد المراحل)، الاعتيان العنقودي هو النهج الأكثر استخدامًا من قبل علماء الأوبئة. في مناطق الهجرة القسرية، يكون خطأ الاستعيان شائعًا. لذلك لا يعتبر الاعتيان العنقودي الخيار الأمثل.

اقتصاديات
ذكر العلماء وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين مستوى المعيشة المتدني الناتج عن الدخل المنخفض؛ وزيادة معدلات الوفيات. من المرجح أن يؤدي انخفاض مستوى المعيشة إلى سوء التغذية، ما قد يجعل الناس أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالأمراض وأكثر عرضة للوفاة جراء هذه الأمراض. قد يؤدي انخفاض مستوى المعيشة إلى نقص النظافة وسوء الصرف الصحي، وزيادة التعرض للأمراض وانتشارها، ونقص الوصول إلى الرعاية والمرافق الطبية المناسبة. قد يسهم اعتلال الصحة بدوره في انخفاض الدخل، ما يخلق حلقة تُعرف باسم مصيدة الفقر-الصحة. صرح الاقتصادي والفيلسوف الهندي أمارتيا سن أن معدلات الوفيات قد تكون بمثابة مؤشر للنجاح الاقتصادي أو فشله.

مراجع

انظر أيضًا
 قائمة الدول حسب معدل الوفيات
 معدل وفيات الفترة المحيطة بالولادة

إحصاء طبي
جوانب طبية للموت
دراسات سكانية
سكان
علم أكتواري
علم البيئة التجمعي
معدلات زمانية
وبائيات

معدل الوفيات


Zmajeva krv (lat. Croton lechleri), najpoznatija biljna vrsta u rodu kroton (Croton), porodica mlječikovki (Euphorbiaceae), raširena u tropskopj Americi od Kolumbije do Perua i Bolivije. Vrsta je najpoznatija po istoimenoj crvenkastoj smoli, koja se smatra za jedno od najboljih biljnih sredstava na svijetu za borbu protiv infekcija i zacjeljivanje rana. Njegova smola sadrži taspin i lignan a visok postotak proantocijanidina čini je jednim od najmoćnijih antioksidanata na svijetu.

Zmajeva krv lijeći želučane bolesti, smiruje proljeve, i pomaže kod kožnih ozljeda i ranica, površinskog i unutrašnjeg krvarenja, ekcema, akni i bradavica, ugriza insekata, alergijskih reakcija, visokog tlaka, sindroma iritabilnog crijeva, plućnih infekcija, čireva i upala, želučanih i crijevnih tegoba, krvarenja desni, lomova kostiju i hemoroida.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Crotonoideae

Zmajeva krv


Le HMS Sjöborren (en suédois : oursin) était un sous-marin de classe Sjölejonet de la marine royale suédoise. Construit par Kockums, il a été lancé le .

Construction
Le navire a été commandé à Kockums Mekaniska Verkstads AB à Malmö et sa quille a été posée en 1942. Le navire a été lancé le  et a rejoint la flotte le .

Utilisation du service
Le , le Sjöborren a coulé après une collision avec le cargo S/S Virginia au large de Kockelskär dans l'archipel Nyköping, sur la côte est de la Suède. Un membre de l'équipage s'est noyé dans l'accident. Le sous-marin a été récupéré pour être remis à neuf et remis en service un an plus tard, en octobre 1943.

Le navire a été retiré du service le  et vendu en 1967 à Ystad pour démolition.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .
 .
 .

Liens externes
 .
 .
 .
 .

Articles connexes
 Liste des sous-marins de la Suède

Sous-marin de la Marine royale suédoise
Sous-marin d'attaque conventionnel
Bateau lancé en 1941
Nom de bateau
Navire construit en Suède
Navire coulé en 1942

HMS Sjöborren


Mannix este un serial TV american polițist care a fost transmis inițial între 1967 și 1975 pe CBS. Creat de  Richard Levinson și William Link și dezvoltat de producătorul executiv Bruce Geller, personajul titular, Joe Mannix, este un detectiv particular interpretat de Mike Connors.

Referințe și note

Legături externe

 DVD review of series and production history

Seriale de televiziune americane
Seriale CBS
Seriale de televiziune cu detectivi
Seriale de televiziune din 1967
Seriale de televiziune din 1968
Seriale de televiziune din 1969
Seriale de televiziune din 1970
Seriale de televiziune din 1971
Seriale de televiziune din 1972
Seriale de televiziune din 1973
Seriale de televiziune din 1974
Seriale de televiziune din 1975

Mannix


The Wingecarribee River (Aboriginal Dharawal: Winge Karrabee), a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury–Nepean catchment, is located in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales, Australia.

Course and features
Wingecarribee River rises on the heights at Robertson below Wingecarribee Reservoir, near the village of Glenquarry, and flows generally northwest, joined by two minor tributaries and through the Belanglo State Forest and Bangadilly National Park, before reaching its confluence with the Wollondilly River north of the locality of Tugalong, northwest of Berrima. The river descends  over its  course.

In its upper reaches, the feeder creeks of the Wingecarribee form the Wingecarribee Swamp, the only substantial peat bog in New South Wales. Most of the swamp has been drained and the remaining section of the swamp is the habitat of a number of endangered species. The river runs through a valley on the plateau that is home to a popular camp, Biloela.

The Moss Vale Road crosses the river at Bong Bong, between Bowral and Moss Vale. At Berrima, the river is crossed by the Hume Freeway.

The Shoalhaven Scheme pumps water from the Shoalhaven River into the Wingecarribee Reservoir and this water supply augments the water supply for greater metropolitan Sydney.

See also

 List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
 List of rivers of Australia
 Rivers of New South Wales

References

External links

Rivers of New South Wales
Southern Highlands (New South Wales)
Hume Highway

Wingecarribee River


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Motyčky enthält das eine nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützte Objekt in der Gemeinde Motyčky im Okres Banská Bystrica.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Motycky


أليكس فروست  ممثل أمريكي من مواليد 17 فبراير 1987م.

مواقع خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أمريكيون مغتربون في المملكة المتحدة
أمريكيون مغتربون في إنجلترا
ممثلو أفلام أمريكيون
ممثلون أمريكيون في القرن 21
ممثلون من بورتلاند (أوريغن)
ممثلون وممثلات أمريكيون في القرن 21
مواليد 1987
مواليد في بورتلاند (أوريغون)

أليكس فروست


An Esmeralda clarkei in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Esmeralda clarkei in nahilalakip ha genus nga Esmeralda, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Esmeralda (Orchidaceae)

Esmeralda clarkei


الزنمردة [تأثيل] أو خنثى (androgyny) ويقصد بها الفرد الذي يظهر الصفات التناسلية الذكرية والأنثوية.

تاريخ

تأثيل

زنمردة معربة  الفارسية وأصل معناها «امرأة رجل». استعمل كلمة الزنمردة لأول مرة أبو نواس في أشعاره، وكذلك شاعر كان يسمى ابن يسار الكواعب. يرادف تلك الكلمة باليوناني مصطلح أندروجونوس؛  ذو التركيب المماثل: من أَنير؛  أي الرجل وجوني؛  بمعنى المراة، والذي روم وانتقل إلى لغات أخرى كثيرة.

انظر أيضًا
 خنثى – خنوثة

حواش

مراجع
 ابن منظور. لسان العرب.
 أدي شير. الألفاظ الفارسية المعربة. الطبعة الثانية 1987-88
 عبد الله بن بري المقدسي. في التعريب والمعرب — حاشية ابن بري

ازدواجية الجنس
الجندر غير الثنائي
الخنوثة في المجتمع
مجتمع الميم
تحول جنسي
جماليات الموضة
مظهر الإنسان

زنمردة


Santa María de los Oteros es una pedanía perteneciente al municipio de Matadeón de los Oteros, situado en Esla-Campos con una población de 7 habitantes según el INE.
Está situado en la CV-195-2.

Demografía

Tiene 7 habitantes, 4 varones y 3 mujeres censados en el municipio.

Referencias

Localidades de Los Oteros
Localidades de Matadeón de los Oteros

Santa María de los Oteros


وكالة السفر هي جهة تساعد الناس على تنظيم الرحلات والعطل عن طريق عمل تدابير استعدادهم للسفر. فهي تحجز لهم غرفا في الفنادق، ومقاعد في وسائل النقل، كما تنظم لهم رحلات سياحية. وتعين لهم مرشدين يساعدونهم في الحصول على جوازات السفر والتأشيرات التي يحتاج إليها المسافرون إلى البلاد الأخرى، وتنظم الرحلات السياحية للأفراد والجماعات.

اقسام وكالات السفر

قسم السياحة الداخلية - قسم السياحة الخارجية - قسم الحجز (طيران - بواخر - فنادق) - العلاقات العامة - السياحة العلاجية - السياحة الدينية (الحج والعمرة) وهناك أقسام أخرى توجد في البعض ولا توجد في البعض الآخر

مصدر دخل وكالة السفر

يأتي معظم دخل وكالات السفر من العمولات التي تدفعها الخطوط الجوية وشركات تأجير السيارات والفنادق، ومديرو المؤسسات التي تخدم المسافرين. وتدفع هذه المؤسسات عمولة على كل حجز تقوم به أية وكالة سفر، أو على أية تذكرة تبيعها، ولا يدفع المسافرون أي مبلغ عن معظم الخدمات التي تُقدم لهم. ولكن وكالات السفر يمكن أن تتقاضى قسطاً من المال مقابل التخطيط لرحلات سياحية فردية خاصة تستلزم كثيرا من وقتها وجهدها. وتعمل وكالات السفر في معظم أقطار العالم، وتكون مسؤولة عنها في معظم الأحيان جهات خاصة، إلا أن الحكومات في بعض الدول الأوروبية الشرقية تملك كل وكالات السفر وتدير أعمالها، ولاشك أن الأنظمة التي أملتها الصناعة نفسها قد ساعدت على تأسيس مقاييس للسلوك الخُلقي يلتزم بها أصحاب وكالات السفر.

المسميات الوظيفية لموظفى وكالات السفر

1- مدير وكالة السفر أو شركة السياحة Travel Company Manager

2- مدير قسم السياحة الداخلية Internal Tourism Manager

3- مدير قسم السياحة الخارجية External Tourism Manager

4- مدير السياحة الدينية Religious Tourism Manager

5- موظفى حجز التذاكر (طيران - فنادق - بواخر) Booking Clerk

6- مدير العلاقات العامة Public Relations Manager

7- مدير التسويق Marketing Manager

8- منظم الرحلات والبرامج السياحية Tour Operator

9- قائد الرحلات Tour Leader

10- المرشد السياحى للشركة Tour Guide

انظر أيضا
 مجموعة إكسبيديا

مصادر ومراجع

كتاب «إدارة عميات شركات السياحة ووكالات السفر» لـ (أ.د وليد سيد أمين) رئيس قسم الدراسات السياحية - كلية السياحة - جامعة المنصورة

تذاكر الخطوط الجوية
سياحة
وكالات سفر

وكالة سفر


Islote Gayón es el nombre que recibe un islote del país centroamericano de Guatemala, en las coordenadas geográficas  cerca del océano Pacífico en un brazo del río María Linda. Administrativamente depende del departamento de Escuintla al sur del territorio guatemalteco. Se localiza 164 kilómetros al sur del centro geográfico aproximado de Guatemala, y a 80 kilómetros de la capital la Ciudad de Guatemala.

Véase también
 Geografía de Guatemala
 Geografía de América

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Mapa de localización de la isla

Islote
Islas fluviales de Guatemala

Islote Gayón


Bertrand, Comte Clauzel (12 December 177221 April 1842) was a French soldier who served in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. He saw service in the Low Countries, Italy and Spain where he would achieve short periods of independent command. He became a Marshal of France under the Orléan monarchy following the July Revolution.

When asked on Saint Helena which of his generals was the most skilful, Napoleon named Clauzel along with Louis-Gabriel Suchet and Étienne Maurice Gérard.

Military career
Bertrand Clauzel was born on 12 December 1772 at Mirepoix in the County of Foix and served in the first campaign of the French Revolutionary Wars as one of the volunteers of 1791.

In June 1795, having distinguished himself repeatedly on the northern frontier (1792–1793) and the fighting in the eastern Pyrénées (1793–1794), Clauzel was made a general of brigade. In this rank he served in Italy in 1798 and 1799, and in the disastrous campaign of the latter year he won great distinction at Trebbia and at Novi.

In 1802 he served in the expedition to San Domingo. He became a general of division in December 1802, and after his return to France he was in almost continuous service there until, in 1806, he was sent to the army of Naples. Soon after this Napoleon made him a grand officer of the Legion of Honor. In 1808–1809, he was with Marmont in Dalmatia, and at the close of 1809 he was appointed to a command in the Army of Portugal under Masséna.

Peninsular campaigns of 1810–1812
Clauzel commanded a division in the Army of Portugal during Peninsular campaigns of 1810–1812, including the Torres Vedras campaign. Under Marmont, he did excellent service in re-establishing the discipline, efficiency and mobility of the army, which had suffered severely in the retreat from Torres Vedras. In the 1812 Salamanca campaign, the result of Clauzel's work was shown in the marching powers of the French.

Salamanca: "a grand attempt to retrieve the battle"
At the Battle of Salamanca, Clauzel's division started the day to the rear of the French left and advanced to shore it up the following the rout of Thomières's division. With Marmont and Bonet wounded, Clauzel was the most senior officer at hand and took command of the French forces.

He inherited a dangerous situation—Marmont's flank attempt having exposed Thomières's and then Maucune's divisions to Anglo-Portuguese attack. Lewis Butler describes Clauzel's subsequent actions as "a grand attempt to retrieve the battle".

The battlefield was dominated by two small hills, the lesser and the greater Arapiles. The lesser Arapile was at the centre of the Anglo-Portuguese army, while the greater was at the centre of the French army. Both hills acted as lynchpins anchoring each army's lines. Clauzel's strategy was therefore to respond to the attack on his left by an attack on the Anglo-Portuguese centre, taking the lesser Arapile.

His attack failed, repulsed by fresh troops, leaving the Army of Portugal disordered and vulnerable to further attacks on its left and centre, concluding the battle as a sound French defeat. Butler writes that the fighting had reduced the divisions of Maucune, Thomières and Clauzel to a state where they "no longer existed as a military body".

The Castile Campaign
The retreat from Salamanca with a broken army was difficult. Initially it was covered by Foy's division, the only French formation not to suffer heavily, made up the rear guard but it was defeated decisively at the Battle of García Hernández.

Clauzel extricated what forces of the Army of Portugal he could retreating North of Burgos which Wellington besieged before he attempted to rebuild the Army of Portugal to lift the siege. Reinforced by General Souham Clauzel returned to division command in the subsequent campaign which saw Wellington driven back to his starting position in Badajoz. However, while Wellington had returned to his starting position the significance of the campaign and Clauzels costly loss at Salamanca is that it forced French forces in Spain to concentrate against Wellington leading to the liberation by Spanish forces of the provinces of Andalusia, Extremadura, and Asturias.

Army Command in Spain and during Hundred Days

Early in 1813 Clauzel was made commander of the Army of the North in Spain, but he was a days march away and thus unable to come to the aid of Jourdan and avert the great disaster of Vitoria. Under the supreme command of Soult he served through the rest of the Peninsular War with unvarying distinction. On the first restoration in 1814 he submitted unwillingly to the Bourbons, and when Napoleon returned to France, he hastened to join him. During the Hundred Days he was in command of an army defending the Pyrenean frontier. Even after Waterloo he long refused to recognize the restored government, and he escaped to America, being condemned to death in absence. He then settled in the Vine and Olive Colony in Alabama, later returning to France after the failure of that venture.

Political life

He took the first opportunity of returning to aid the Orléanist Liberals in France (1820), sat in the Chamber of deputies from 1827 to 1830, and after the July Revolution of 1830 was at once given a military command. Clauzel replaced the Legitimist General Louis-Auguste-Victor de Bourmont as head of the invasion of Algeria. He made a successful campaign, but he was soon recalled by the home government, which desired to avoid complications in Algeria. At the same time he was made a Marshal of France (February 1831). For some four years thereafter he urged his Algerian policy upon the Chamber of Deputies, and finally in 1835 was reappointed commander-in-chief. But after several victories, including the taking of Mascara in 1835, the Marshal met with a severe setback at Constantine in 1836.

A change of government in France was primarily responsible for the failure, but public opinion attributed it to Clauzel, who was recalled in February 1837. He thereupon retired from active service, and, after vigorously defending his conduct before the deputies, he ceased to take part in public affairs. He lived in complete retirement up to his death at château du Secourieu (Haute-Garonne).

References

1772 births
1842 deaths
People from Ariège (department)
Counts of France
Politicians from Occitania (administrative region)
Orléanists
Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Bourbon Restoration
Members of the 1st Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy
Governors general of Algeria
Marshals of France
Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars
French commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe

Bertrand Clauzel


La calle Allenby (, Rehov Allenby) es una importante calle del centro de la ciudad de Tel Aviv, Israel. Fue nombrada en honor del mariscal de campo, vizconde Edmund Allenby.

La calle Allenby se extiende desde la plaza HaKneset, cerca del mar Mediterráneo, en el noroeste, hasta la plaza HaMoshavot en la calle HaAliya, en el sureste. Fue la primera calle pavimentada con hormigón en 1914. Durante el día, es una calle comercial con muchos pequeños negocios y tiendas de ropa. Por la noche se convierte en un centro de vida nocturna, conocida por sus librerías, cafés, pubs y restaurantes. Muchas líneas de autobuses públicos funcionan a lo largo de la calle Allenby.

Monumento histórico

El edificio conocido como Lederberg House, construido en el año 1925 en la intersección de Bulevar Rothschild con la Calle Allenby, cuenta con una serie de murales de cerámica de gran tamaño diseñados por Ze'ev Raban, un miembro de la Academia Bezalel de Arte y Diseño; los cuatro murales muestran a un pionero judío arando y cosechando los campos, a un pastor y a la ciudad de Jerusalén, con un verso de  Jeremías 31:4, "De nuevo te edificaré, y serás reedificada"."

Véase también
Bulevar Rothschild
Calle Rey Jorge (Tel Aviv)

Referencias

Allenby

Calle Allenby


Le  port de la Canau est un col de montagne pédestre des Pyrénées à  d'altitude entre le département français des Hautes-Pyrénées, en Occitanie, et la province espagnole de Huesca, dans la communauté autonome d'Aragon, sur la frontière franco-espagnole.

Il relie la vallée de Héas en Lavedan à la vallée de Bielsa en Aragon.

Toponymie
Le mot port signifie en gascon  ou , c'est le pendant de puerto en espagnol.

En occitan, canau qui vient de canaou signifie « couloir raide, passage étroit ». Le col de la Canau était orthographié col de Canaou jusque dans les années 1950 (voir carte d'état-major).

Géographie
Le port de la Canau est situé entre le pic de Bounèu () au nord-est et le pic de Gabiédou () à l'ouest.

Il abrite la croix frontière .

Le col n'est pas situé dans la vallée de la Canau située sur la même commune plus à l'ouest.

Histoire

Protection environnementale

Le col est situé dans le parc national des Pyrénées.

Le col fait partie d'une zone naturelle protégée, classée ZNIEFF de type 1, « cirques d'Estaubé, de Gavarnie et de Troumouse », et de type 2, « haute vallée du gave de Pau : vallées de Gèdre et Gavarnie ».

Voies d'accès
Le col est accessible par le versant nord (versant français) depuis le parking d'accès au cirque de Troumouse par le sentier en longeant le ruisseau de Gabiédou dans le couloir de la Tumeu de Bounèu, versant sud (espagnol) depuis le refuge de la Larri.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des cols des Hautes-Pyrénées
 Liste des cols des Pyrénées

Liens externes

Canau
Canau
Canau
Canau
Canau
Canau
Frontière entre l'Espagne et la France
Massif de la Munia
Ligne de partage des eaux entre mer Méditerranée et océan Atlantique

Port de la Canau


Los Pilares es una localidad del Huamantla del Estado de Tlaxcala, México. La altura media es de 2 680 metros sobre el nivel del mar.

La población total de Los Pilares es de 1173 personas, de cuales 575 son masculinos y 598 femeninas; 593 son menores de edad y 580 adultos, de cuales 69 tienen más de 60 años.

Referencias

Localidades del estado de Tlaxcala

Los Pilares


Julio Ricardo Cruz (født 10. oktober 1974 i Santiago del Estero, Argentina) er en argentinsk tidligere fodboldspiller (angriber).

Cruz spillede 22 kampe og scorede tre mål for Argentinas landshold. Han var med i landets trup til både Copa América 1997 i Bolivia og VM 2006 i Tyskland.

Gennem karrieren repræsenterede Cruz flere store klubber i både hjemlandet og Europa. Han var blandt andet tilknyttet Banfield og River Plate i hjemlandet, samt italienske Inter og Lazio.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Argentina

Julio Cruz


Black Tape er en dansk animationsfilm fra 2014 instrueret af Michelle Kranot og Uri Kranot.

Handling
"Black Tape" er en abstrakt fortælling om dominans og konflikten mellem Israel og Palæstina. I filmen danser en israelsk soldat og en palæstinensisk aktivist en langsom tango. Flere soldater kommer til, og andre kampe opstår. Tangoen fortsætter og fremstiller på ubønhørlig vis den uforsonlige og tiltagende vold mellem parterne. Filmens animationer er baseret på nyhedsudsendelser og dokumentaroptagelser.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Animationsfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2014

Black Tape


فندق دار التقوى هو أحد فنادق المدينة المنورة، تم انشائه سنة 1997 مع بداية إنشاء مشروع تطوير منطقة الحرم النبوي ويتمتع فندق دار التقوى بأحد أكثر المواقع تميزاً في المدينة المنورة فهو يبعد خطوات قليلة من المسجد النبوي الشريف كما يقع في قلب منطقة وسط المدينة وعلى بعد 15 دقيقة من المطار. ويضم الفندق 194 غرفةً و24 جناحاً، يقع الفندق امام الحرم النبوي مباشرة، مقابل باب دخول النساء واقرب باب للرجال هو باب الملك فهد وهو في الجهة الشمالية للحرم، أي انه عكس اتجاه القبلة أي انك إذا كنت تريد الذهاب إلى الروضة أو قبر الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم عليك عبور الحرم كاملا..
وهذه المنطقة هي أفضل منطقة حول الحرم من ناحية التطوير والترتيب.

انظر أيضًا
 قائمة فنادق المدينة المنورة
 قائمة فنادق السعودية.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي للفندق.

فنادق المدينة المنورة
مبان ومنشآت في المدينة المنورة

فندق دار التقوى


The title Baron Buckhurst has been created twice; once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.  It was first created in 1567 for Thomas Sackville, MP for East Grinstead and Aylesbury.  He was later created Earl of Dorset in 1604.  That creation became extinct in 1843.

It was next created in 1864 for Elizabeth Sackville-West, Countess De La Warr, the sister of the 4th Duke (and 10th Earl) of Dorset, wife of the 5th Earl De La Warr, with special remainder intended to keep it separate from the earldom. Lady De La Warr was thus succeeded in the barony by her second son.  When he also succeeded his brother as 7th Earl De La Warr, the Buckhurst title would have passed immediately to the next brother (Mortimer, later created Baron Sackville), but the House of Lords found such "shifting remainders" invalid (Buckhurst Peerage Case) and the titles became inseparable.

Barons Buckhurst (1567)
See Duke of Dorset for a list of holders of this title

Barons Buckhurst (1864)
Elizabeth Sackville-West, Countess De La Warr and 1st Baroness Buckhurst (1795–1870)
Reginald Windsor Sackville, 2nd Baron Buckhurst (1817–1896), succeeded as 7th Earl De La Warr in 1873
Gilbert George Reginald Sackville, 8th Earl De La Warr (1869–1915)
Herbrand Sackville, 9th Earl De La Warr (1900–1976), styled Lord Buckhurst from birth to 1915
William Sackville, 10th Earl De La Warr (1921–1988), styled Lord Buckhurst from birth to 1976
William Sackville, 11th Earl De La Warr (born 1948), styled Lord Buckhurst from 1976 to 1988

See also
Earls of Dorset: Fourth creation (1604)
Earl De La Warr
Buckhurst Park, Sussex, seat of the barony

External links
Cope v Earl de la Warr, (1873) 8 Ch App 982, a court case about the effects of the 1873 succession.
Buckhurst Peerage Case, (1876) 2 App Cas 1, a Peerage Claim in the House of Lords about the effects of the 1873 succession.

Baron
Extinct baronies in the Peerage of England
Peerages created with special remainders
Baronies in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Noble titles created in 1567
Noble titles created in 1864

Baron Buckhurst


Sámal Frederik Samuelsen (født 1851 i Tórshavn, død 1932), kaldet Sámal á Krákusteini, var en færøsk officer, og en af de ni mænd som var med at indkalde til Julemødet 1888, det møde som regnes som begyndelsen på den færøske selvstændighedsbevægelse. Samuelsen var kvartermester på Skansin, fæstningen ved Tórshavn, og arbejdede således tæt sammen med det danske embedsværk til trods for sit modstridende politiske syn. Samuelsen var en flittig dagbogskribent, og hans Memoirer og Autobiografi blev udgivet i bogform i 2009. Dagbogen giver stor indsigt i livet i Tórshavn i 1800-tallet og tidligt i 1900-tallet.

Referencer

Officerer fra Danmark
Julemødet 1888
Selvbiografer fra Danmark
Personer fra Thorshavn

Sámal F. Samuelsen


Reacția Maillard () este o reacție chimică ce are loc între aminoacizi și zaharide reducătoare, fiind reacția în urma căreia se obține aroma specifică a produselor alimentare coapte. Reacția a fost denumită după chimistul francez Louis-Camille Maillard, care a descris reacția în anul 1912, în timp ce încerca să reproducă procesul biologic de sinteză proteică.

Produși de reacție

Mecanism de reacție
Grupa carbonil din structura moleculei de zaharidă reacționează cu grupa amino din structura aminoacidului, obținându-se o glicozilamină N-substituită și apă. Aceasta, fiind instabilă, va suferi o reacție de transpoziție Amadori, formând o cetozamină, care poate lua una dintre următoarele căi de reacție:
 Producerea  unei reductone și a două molecule de apă;
 Producerea de diacetil, metilglioxal și alți produși de hidroliză;
 Producerea unor polimeri azotați de culoare brună, incluzând melanoidine.

Produșii Amadori, în formele aciclice, pot astfel să sufere reacții de deshidratare și dezaminare cu obținere de compuși dicarbonilici.

Compușii dicarbonilici reacționează cu diverse amine formând aldehide, printr-o reacție de degradare Strecker.

Acrilamida, un compus despre care se crede că ar fi carcinogen, poate fi generată ca produs secundar în urma reacției Maillard dintre zaharidele reducătoare și unii aminoacizi, în special asparagina, compuși care sunt regăsiți în majoritatea produselor alimentare.

Vezi și
 Caramelizare
 Coacere
 Reacție Akabori

Referințe

Chimie alimentară
Maillard

Reacție Maillard


Jeppe Hansen kan henvise til flere personer:

 Jeppe Hansen (født 1989) – dansk fodboldspiller
 Jeppe Hansen (fodboldspiller, født 1996) (født 1996) – dansk fodboldspiller

Jeppe Hansen (flertydig)


Der Bahnhof Freinsheim ist ein Trennungsbahnhof bei Freinsheim in der Pfalz. Hier mündet die Bahnstrecke Freinsheim–Frankenthal in die Pfälzische Nordbahn. Der Bahnhof stellt einen der wichtigsten Eisenbahnknoten in der Pfalz dar.

Lage

Der Bahnhof befindet sich am südwestlichen Stadtrand. Die Nordbahn umfährt die Stadt nördlich des Bahnhofs in einer langgezogenen S-Kurve. Die Strecke nach Frankenthal umfährt den südlichen Stadtrand in einem weiten Bogen.

Geschichte

Der Bahnhof wurde am 20. Juli 1873 als Teil des Abschnitts Dürkheim–Grünstadt auf der Pfälzischen Nordbahn eröffnet. Am 15. Oktober 1877 wurde der Bahnhof mit der Eröffnung der Verbindungsbahn nach Frankenthal erweitert. Während dieser Zeit wurde der Bahnhof von der Betriebs- und Bauinspektion Neustadt verwaltet und war Sitz einer Bahnmeisterei. 1922 erfolgte die Eingliederung des Bahnhofs in die neu gegründete Reichsbahndirektion Ludwigshafen. Ein Jahr später wurden die am Bahnhof beschäftigten Eisenbahner im Zuge des von Frankreich durchgeführten, bis 1924 dauernden Regiebetriebs ausgewiesen. Danach kehrten sie zurück. Im Zuge der Auflösung der Ludwigshafener Direktion wechselte er zum 1. April 1937 in den Zuständigkeitsbereich der Direktion Mainz; zu dieser Zeit unterstand er dem Betriebsamt (RBA) Neustadt.

Die französische Besatzungsmacht ordnete nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg alle Bahnanlagen im nördlichen Teil ihrer Besatzungszone der Eisenbahndirektion Mainz zu. Dazu gehörte auch der Bahnhof Freinsheim. Mit der schrittweisen Auflösung der Bundesbahndirektion Mainz in den Jahren 1971/72 fiel die Zuständigkeit für den Bahnhof zum 1. Juni 1971 an die Bundesbahndirektion Karlsruhe.

Zur selben Zeit wurden die Bahnsteigsperren aufgehoben.

Seit 1990 ist der Bahnhof Bestandteil des Verkehrsverbundes Rhein-Neckar (VRN).

Bahnanlagen und Umfeld

Der Bahnhof in Hochlage verfügt über drei Gleise und zwei Bahnsteige. Das in der Mitte liegende Gleis 1 kann von beiden Bahnsteigen genutzt werden. Der Zugang zu den Bahnsteigen erfolgt über eine beidseitig zugängliche Unterführung. Der stadtseitige Bahnsteig wird von den Zügen Richtung Neustadt/Grünstadt genutzt; der andere Bahnsteig wird von den Zügen aus Richtung Frankenthal/Grünstadt genutzt. Das als Einheitsbau errichtete Bahnhofsgebäude wird heute nicht mehr genutzt.

Der Bahnhof befindet sich unmittelbar am westlichen Stadtrand von Freinsheim, wobei das Bahnhofsviertel sich westlich des Bahnhofs befindet. Im Süden des Bahnhofs mündet die Verbindungsbahn nach Frankenthal in die Pfälzische Nordbahn. Aufgrund seiner zentralen Lage im Dreieck Frankenthal-Grünstadt-Bad Dürkheim übernimmt der Bahnhof eine wichtige Knotenfunktion in der Pfalz.

Das Bahnhofsgebäude, ein dreigeschossiger Putzbau mit Sandsteinportikus und hölzerner Überdachung zur Straßenseite, wurde 1872/73 erbaut und steht unter Denkmalschutz.

Betrieb (Stand 2023)

Der Bahnhof Freinsheim wird ausschließlich im Nahverkehr angefahren. Auf den beiden Strecken verkehren hauptsächlich Züge der DB-Baureihen 622 und 623. Die Züge aus Richtung Neustadt enden halbstündlich in Freinsheim. Die Züge aus Frankenthal enden werktags in Ramsen; mittwochs, sonn- und feiertags fahren sie weiter bis zum Eiswoog oder nach Monsheim.

Der Fahrplan der RB46 ist dabei so konzipiert, dass man halbstündlich nach Grünstadt oder nach Frankenthal Hbf kommt. Außerdem fährt Abends eine RB64 aus Ramsen (oder Eiswoog) nach Frankenthal Hbf.

Weblinks

Literatur
 Heinz Sturm: Die pfälzischen Eisenbahnen (= Veröffentlichungen der Pfälzischen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften. Band 53). Neuausgabe. pro MESSAGE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein 2005, ISBN 3-934845-26-6.

Einzelnachweise

Freinsheim
Freinsheim
Kulturdenkmal in Freinsheim
Verkehr (Pfalz)
Pfälzische Nordbahn
Bahnstrecke Freinsheim–Frankenthal

Bahnhof Freinsheim


An Najas kurziana in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Alfred Barton Rendle. An Najas kurziana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Najas, ngan familia nga Hydrocharitaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Najas

Najas kurziana


ifconfig je Unix naredba, obično dostupna na svim *nix operacijskim sustavima kao naredba sustava. Služi za pregled i postavljanje parametara mrežnih uređaja, žičnih i bežičnih. Dio je paketa net-tools, koji je donedavno bio defaultno instaliran u većini Linux distribucija, polako ga zamjenjuje naredba ip iz iproute2 paketa.

Za lokalno mrežno sučelje 127.0.0.1 ispis na Linux OS-u izgleda ovako:
$ ifconfig lo
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 898643  bytes 1332926646 (1.3 GB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 898643  bytes 1332926646 (1.3 GB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

Slične naredbe

Na Windows operacijskim sustavima postoji naredba ipconfig, sa sličnim opcijama i mogućnostima.

Vanjske poveznice

 http://net-tools.sourceforge.net/man/ifconfig.8.html - službena stranica ifconfig naredbe kao dijela net-tools paketa

Unix naredbe

Ifconfig


آبتين أو أبتين أو آتبين أو أثفِيا الذي هو اسم أبى فريدون في الشاهنامه وفي الأساطير الإيرانية الدينية والتاريخية. أبتين من الفرس ينتسب إلى طهمورث الملك. وأن الضحاك قد قتله، وأطعم دماغه الحيتين.

أدب فارسي
أسماء ذكور فارسية
شخصيات أدبية
شخصيات ذكور في الأدب
شخصيات من الشاهنامة

آبتين (اسم)


Isla Rasa puede referirse a:
 Isla Rasa, una isla mexicana en el golfo de California.
 Isla Rasa, una isla que forma parte de un pequeño archipiélago (Islas de Torres) ubicado cerca de la costa atlántica uruguaya.
 Isla Rasa, una isla situada al norte de la Isla Gran Malvina (Argentina)
 Isla Rasa, una isla ubicada en el extremo norte del Golfo San Jorge, Provincia del Chubut (Argentina)
 Isla Rasa Chica, una pequeña isla ubicada en la costa centro-norte de la Provincia de Santa Cruz (Argentina).

Isla Rasa


Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich ist ein österreichischer Schlagerfilm von Wolfgang Liebeneiner aus dem Jahr 1964. In den Hauptrollen agieren Gitte Hænning und Rex Gildo, in tragenden Rollen Gustav Knuth, Ruth Stephan, Gunther Philipp, Hans Söhnker und Claus Biederstaedt.

Das Filmplakat titelte seinerzeit: "Ein Farbfilm-Lustspiel mit Romantik, viel Temperament und noch mehr Musik!"

Handlung
Lilian, die Tochter des dänischen Zeitungskönigs Holger Andreesen, ist verrückt nach Musik. Ihr Vater hat sie gerade aus dem Internat in Lausanne zurück nach Dänemark geholt, als Lilian ihn mit der Neuigkeit überrascht, dass sie im Nachtclub Tivoli ein Engagement erhalten habe. Als Andreesen ihr androht, sie sofort zurück ins Internat zu schicken, flieht Lilian mit dem Auto ihrer Tante Henriette nach Deutschland. Unweit von Heidelberg hat sie eine Panne und wird nachts von Martin Fischer abgeschleppt. Der ist zwar eigentlich Jurastudent, verdient sich jedoch in der Autozentrale Vogt als Automechaniker sein Geld fürs Studium.

Martin ist Lilian gegenüber zunächst kritisch eingestellt, sein Chef, der Playboy Stefan Vogt, findet jedoch Gefallen an der jungen Frau. Er bringt sie in einem Gasthof in einem Zimmer unter, das eigentlich für seine amerikanische Liebschaft Baby Bird gedacht war, die jedoch erst am Folgetag erscheint. Da Baby Bird die volle Aufmerksamkeit Stefans beansprucht, hat er keine Zeit mehr für Lilian. Martin springt ein und verbringt mit Lilian einen Tag in Heidelberg. Sie schauen sich alle Sehenswürdigkeiten an und gehen abends in einen Club, wo sie gemeinsam ein Lied singen. Auch Baby Bird und Stefan kommen hinzu und Baby Bird zwingt Martin, mit ihr zu tanzen. Enttäuscht verlässt Lilian den Club. Stefan wittert seine Chance bei Lilian und lädt sie zu einer großen Party ein, zu der laut seiner Aussage rund 20 Personen erwartet werden. In Wirklichkeit hat er jedoch nur Lilian eingeladen, um sie zu verführen.

Martin erfährt, dass Lilians Wagen von der Polizei gesucht wird, weil er ja eigentlich ihrer Tante Henriette gehört. Henriette wiederum ist selbst auf dem Weg nach Heidelberg, da ihr Wagen dort gesichtet wurde. Unterwegs nimmt sie den charmanten Richard Fischer mit, der sich als Vater von Martin entpuppt. Henriette und Richard finden den Wagen in Stefans Autozentrale und erfahren, dass Lilian gerade bei Stefan ist. Diese versucht unterdessen, dessen Annäherungsversuche abzuwehren. Rechtzeitig erscheint Martin, um Lilian vor der Polizei zu warnen, und auch Henriette kommt dazu und macht Stefan klar, dass Lilian keine Diebin ist, sondern die Tochter eines schwerreichen Mannes. Martin wiederum wird klar, dass sie als Tochter aus gutem Hause keine Partie für ihn sein kann. Zu allem Unglück wird Martin auch noch von Stefan entlassen.

Martin trifft mit seinem Vater zusammen, der sich in Henriette verliebt hat. Lilian will bodenständiger werden und schreibt sich zum Jurastudium in Heidelberg ein. Obwohl Lilian nun seine Kommilitonin ist, ignoriert Martin sie weitgehend. Mit Henriettes und Richards Hilfe gelingt es Lilian, ihn zu testen: Sie gibt vor, vor Kummer dem Alkohol verfallen zu sein, und Martin will ihr sofort helfen, ohne die Situation auszunutzen. Eine Versöhnung bringt sie wieder näher zueinander. Stefan jedoch hat noch nicht aufgegeben. Er will Lilian heiraten und sendet ein entsprechendes Telegramm an den Zeitungsmagnaten. Auch Lilian schreibt ihrem Vater, dass sie sich verlobt habe. Holger Andreesen fährt nun aufgebracht nach Heidelberg. Hier kann Martin verhindern, dass sich Stefan mit einem Trick ein Heiratsversprechen von Lilian erpresst. Stefan wiederum wird von Holger Andreesen aufgesucht und fast verprügelt, weil dieser seine Tochter auf keinen Fall an einen bekannten Playboy verlieren will. Stefan muss in seiner Not Baby Bird ein Eheversprechen abnehmen. Holger Andreesen begibt sich zu Henriette und Lilian ins Hotel. Hier finden sich die Paare. Henriette eröffnet ihrem Bruder, dass Richard und sie heiraten werden. Holgers Ehekandidat für Lilian, der Reporter Peter, hat bereits in Japan geheiratet und erscheint mit seiner Frau im Hotel – worauf er von diesem spontan fristlos entlassen wird. Lilian und Martin haben sich verlobt, doch will Holger Andreesen eine Ehe nicht erlauben. Erst als Peter androht, unverzüglich einen Sensationsartikel über die unerfüllbare Liebe von Lilian und Martin zu schreiben und ein entsprechendes Foto des Paares macht, gibt der Zeitungskönig nach: Er segnet die Verbindung beider ab und auch das Foto wird erscheinen – in seiner Zeitung, als Verlobungsbild.

Produktion

Produktionsnotizen, Musik im Film
Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich wurde in Heidelberg und in den Rosenhügel-Filmstudios gedreht. Es handelt sich um einen Film der Wiener Stadthallen-Produktion im Verleih von Constantin Film. Die Filmbauten entwarf Leo Metzenbauer. Für Rex Gildo und Gitte war es ihr erster gemeinsamer Film. Zwar hatte Gitte auch einen Auftritt in Schlagerparade 1960, in dem Rex Gildo eine Hauptrolle spielte, jedoch nur als Sängerin.

Im Film sind verschiedene Schlager zu hören:
 Gitte und Rex Gildo: Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich und  Der Hokuspokus
 Gitte: Wenn du musikalisch bist
 Rex Gildo: Du küsst wunderbar und Bravo, Bambina

Veröffentlichung
Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich kam am 11. September 1964 per Massenstart in die Kinos. In Dänemark wurde der Film am 3. Dezember 1964 unter dem Titel Gitte og Rex veröffentlicht.

Alive gab den Film am 30. Oktober 2015 innerhalb der Reihe "Juwelen der Filmgeschichte" auf DVD heraus.

Kritik
Der Filmbeobachter befand, dass "das Niveau dieser billigen Unterhaltung immerhin um einige Zentimeter den Schnitt des allgemeinen Mittelmaßes gängiger Schlagerfilme überragt".

Der film-dienst nannte Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich eine "anspruchslose Musikschnulze." Für Cinema war der Film "seltsam spießig, selten spaßig. Fazit: Damals ein Hit – heute eine Niete" und in einer späteren Kritik ein "spießiges Trallala mit einem 'Traumpaar' des Sixties-Schlagers". Fazit: "Dümmliches Gebalze mit dicker Staubschicht."

Weblinks

 Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich Abb. von 24 Aushangfotos des Films bei kino-50er.de
 Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich Abb. Titelseite Illustrierte Film-Bühne Nr. S 6925 (im Bild: Rex Gildo, Gitte Hænning)

Einzelnachweise

Filmtitel 1964
Österreichischer Film
Musikfilm

Jetzt dreht die Welt sich nur um dich


Ngaka Modiri Molema es un distrito municipal de Sudáfrica en la Provincia del Noroeste.

Comprende una superficie de 18 332 km².

El centro administrativo es la ciudad de Mahikeng.

Municipios locales
El distrito está integrado por los siguientes municipios locales:

Referencias

Ngaka Modiri Molema

Distrito Municipal de Ngaka Modiri Molema


Katrin Elisabeth Dahl Jakobsen (født 20. maj 1951 i Tórshavn) er en færøsk lærer og politiker (JF).

Efter eksamen ved Trondheim lærerhøgskole i 1982 har hun undervist ved en grundskole i Norge 1982–1984, derefter ved Eysturskúlin i Tórshavn siden 1984. Hun er enke efter Martin Jakobsen, kaldet Martin á Bakka, en af grundlæggerne af havbrugsselskabet p/f Bakkafrost, hvor hun stadig er aktionær. Jakobsens nevø Regin Jacobsen er koncernchef i selskapet.

Jakobsen var indvalgt i Lagtinget fra Suðurstreymoy 1998–2004, 2. suppleant 2004–2008 og valgt fra Færøernes fælles valgkreds 2008–2011. I Lagtinget var hun medlem af kulturudvalget 1998–2004 (formand 1998–2000) og formand for erhvervsudvalget 2008–2011. I 2010 meddelte Jakobsen at hun ikke ville søge genopstille ved valget året efter. Jakobsen var medlem af kommunalbestyrelse i Tórshavn 2005–2007.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Lærere fra Færøerne
Politikere fra Javnaðarflokkurin
Lagtingsmedlemmer fra Færøerne
Personer fra Thorshavn

Katrin Dahl Jakobsen


Les Championnats du monde juniors de ski alpin 1989 sont la huitième édition des Championnats du monde juniors de ski alpin. Ils se déroulent du  au  à , en Alaska. Les championnats du monde seniors se sont également déroulés aux États-Unis en , à Vail dans le Colorado. L'édition comporte dix épreuves : descente, super G, slalom géant, slalom et combiné dans les catégories féminine et masculine. Les combinés ne sont pas des courses supplémentaires mais la combinaison des résultats des descentes, slaloms géants et slaloms. Avec huit médailles dont quatre titres, les États-Unis sont la nation avec le meilleur bilan, à domicile, devant l'Autriche et la Suisse. Côté performances individuelles, l'Autrichienne Sabine Ginther remporte deux titres, descente et super G, tandis que les sœurs jumelles américaines  et  réussissent le doublé en slalom géant. Chez les hommes l'Américain Tommy Moe, qui s'entraine habituellement à Alyeska, remporte deux titres également, super G et combiné.

Tableau des médailles

Podiums

Hommes

Femmes

Notes et références

Notes

Références

1989
Ski alpin juniors
Alpin Monde juniors
Ski 1989
Monde juniors 1989
Sport aux États-Unis en 1989
Sport en avril 1989


(10794) Vänge, denumire internațională (10794) Vange, este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
10794 Vänge este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul La Silla în cadrul programului UESAC. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,21 ua, o excentricitate de 0,22 și o înclinație de 1,9° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 10001-11000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1992
Centura de asteroizi
Objet céleste nommé d'après un personnage de la mythologie norvégienne

10794 Vänge


إبراهيم بوالطيب (مولد 15 أغسطس 1967) لاعب ألعاب قوى مغربي تفوق في سباقات الجري للمسافات الطويلة. أحرز الميدالية الذهبية في سباق 10,000م في الدورة الأوليمبية 24 التي أقيمت في سيوول بكوريا الجنوبية عام 1988م. و فاز بالمركز الأول لسباق 5,000م في بطولة الجائزة الكبرى في ألعاب القوى التي أقيمت في أثينا عام 1990م. لمع نجمه في سباقات الجري في السباقات العربية والأفريقية والعالمية خلال الفترة ما بين عام 1987م حتى عام 1992م، وأحرز العديد من الميداليات البرونزية والفضية والذهبية في هذه البطولات.
و تقلد بوطيب مجموعة من المناصب أبرزها ؛ رئيسا لنادي بلدية الخميسات واشتغاله حاليا رئيسا لعصبة الرباطـ سلا زمور زعير.

مراجع

روابط خارجية

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص مغاربة في القرن 20
أشخاص من الخميسات
حائزون على ميداليات ذهبية أولمبية في ألعاب القوى
حائزون على ميداليات في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1988
حائزون على ميداليات في بطولة العالم لألعاب القوى
رياضيو المسار والميدان في الألعاب المتوسطية 1991
رياضيون (الميدان والمضمار) شاركوا في دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1988
رياضيون (الميدان والمضمار) شاركوا في دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1992
عداؤو بطولة العالم لألعاب القوى مغاربة
عداؤو مسافات طويلة مغاربة
عداؤون أولمبيون مغاربة
فائزون بميداليات ذهبية في الألعاب المتوسطية للمغرب
فائزون بميداليات في ألعاب البحر المتوسط في ألعاب القوى
مغاربة فازوا بالميدالية الذهبية الأولمبية
مغاربة في القرن 21
منافسون في ألعاب البحر الأبيض المتوسط 1991
مواليد 1387 هـ
مواليد 1967
مواليد في الخميسات

إبراهيم بوالطيب


McCarey ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Aaron McCarey (* 1992), irischer Fußballspieler
 Leo McCarey (1898–1969), US-amerikanischer Regisseur, Filmproduzent und Drehbuchautor

McCarey


Potenciometar je otpornički razdjelnik električnoga napona (razlike električnog potencijala), sa stalnim rasporedom (najmanje dva serijski spojena električna otpornika) ili s promjenljivim rasporedom otpora (promjenljivi električni otpornik s kliznim spojem). Kako su padovi napona na pojedinim dijelovima otpornika razmjerni (proporcionalni) električnim otporima tih dijelova, mogu se odabrati određeni dijelovi napona između krajeva potenciometra. Ako je promjenljivi otpornik umjeren u pripadnim naponima, služi kao usporedbeno mjerilo napona (na primjer u Poggendorffovu postupku usporedbe).

U tehničkoj praksi, potenciometrom se uglavnom naziva promjenljivi električni otpornik s kliznim, linearnim ili okretnim spojem te s linearnom (ravnom) ili logaritamskom promjenom električnog otpora.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Elektromagnetizam
Elektrotehnika

Potenciometar


Vahşi Güzel (Muñeca Brava), 1998- 1999 yılında Telefe tarafından çekilen, dünyada 80'den fazla ülkede gösterime giren , başrollerinde Facundo Arana ve Natalia Oreiro'nun bulunduğu bir televizyon dizisidir. Dizi, 2001- 2002 yılında Türkiye'de Kanal D tarafından Vahşi Güzel ismiyle hafta içi her gün anahaber öncesi yayınlandı. Tekrarı ise 2004 yılının Ağustos ayında öğle sonrası yayın kuşağında gösterime girdi. Eylül'de yeni yayın döneminin başlamasıyla birlikte, dizinin yayın saati hafta içi her sabah 06.30'a çekildi. Dizi, Anjo selvagem ismiyle Portekiz (2001)'de, Miilee ismiyle Hindistan'da (2005), Al Diablo con los Guapos adıyla 2007 yılında Meksika'da yeniden çekildi.

Konu
Doğumundan sonra terk edilmiş bir kız olan Milagros 18 yaşına kadar manastırda rahibelerle yaşar. Fakat artık manastırdan ayrılıp çalışmak zorundadır. Milagros, Di Carlo ailesine hizmetçi olarak işe başlar. DiCarlo ailesinin oğlu İvo'ya aşık olur. Bu aşk karşılıksız değildir. İvo ile önlerine çıkan her türlü engele rağmen aşklarını yaşamaya çalışırlar. Ayrıca Mili, Di Carlo malikanesinde hayatına dair en gizli gerçekleri öğrenecektir.

Oyuncu listesi

Başrol oyuncuları

Diğer Oyuncular

Yayınlandığı Bazı Ülkeler

Ödüller
 1999 Kazandı Premio Martín Fierro

Soundtrack
 Natalia Oreiro - Cambio Dolor

Kaynakça

1998'de başlayan televizyon dizileri
1999'da sona eren televizyon dizileri
1990'larda televizyon dizileri
Arjantin telenovelaları

Vahşi Güzel


Muhittin Sadak (d. 1900 - ö. 16 Eylül 1982), Türk koro şefi.

1900 yılında İstanbul'da dünyaya gelmiştir. Küçük yaşta çello çalmasını öğrenmiş, yükseköğrenimini ise İstanbul Üniversitesi'nin Fen Fakültesi'nde yapmıştır. 1920 yılında ilk konserini vermiş, 1922'den itibaren ise İstanbul Belediye Konservatuvarı'nda öğretmenlik yapmaya başlamıştır. İstanbul Şehir Tiyatrosu'nun da kurucusu olan Sadak, şehir orkestrasında ve şehir operasında ise yöneticilik yapmıştır.

16 Eylül 1982'de İstanbul'da ölmüştür.

1900 doğumlular
İstanbul doğumlu müzisyenler
1982 yılında ölenler
Türk koro şefleri
Galatasaray Lisesinde öğrenim görenler

Muhittin Sadak


Jungermanniales, red jetrenjarki u razredu Jungermanniopsida. Ime je ošlo po rodu Jungermannia. Sastoji se od 40 porodica.

Podredovi i porodice

 Acrobolbineae Hässel
 Antheliineae Stotler & Crand.-Stotl.
 Balantiopsidineae R.M. Schust.
 Brevianthineae J.J. Engel & R.M. Schust.
 Cephaloziineae Schljakov
 Adelanthaceae Grolle
 Anastrophyllaceae L. Söderstr., De Roo & Hedd.
 Cephaloziaceae Mig.
 Cephaloziellaceae Douin
 Lophoziaceae Cavers
 Scapaniaceae Mig.
 Diettertiineae R.M. Schust. & Janssens
 Diettertiaceae R.M. Schust. & Janssens
 Geocalycineae R.M. Schust.
 Herbertineae R.M. Schust.
 Jungermanniineae H. Buch
 Acrobolbaceae E.A. Hodgs.
 Antheliaceae R.M. Schust.
 Arnelliaceae Nakai
 Balantiopsidaceae Nakai
 Blepharidophyllaceae R.M. Schust.
 Calypogeiaceae Arnell
 Endogemmataceae Konstant., Vilnet & A.V. Troitsky
 Geocalycaceae H. Klinggr.
 Gymnomitriaceae H. Klinggr.
 Gyrothyraceae R.M. Schust.
 Harpanthaceae Arnell
 Hygrobiellaceae Konstant. & Vilnet
 Jackiellaceae R.M. Schust.
 Jungermanniaceae Rchb.
 Notoscyphaceae Crand.-Stotl., Váňa & Stotler
 Saccogynaceae Heeg
 Solenostomataceae Stotler & Crand.-Stotl.
 Southbyaceae Váňa, Crand.-Stotl., Stotler & D.G. Long
 Stephaniellaceae R.M. Schust.
 Trichotemnomataceae R.M. Schust.
 Lepicoleineae R.M. Schust.
 Lophocoleineae Schljakov
 Blepharostomataceae W. Frey & M. Stech
 Brevianthaceae J.J. Engel & R.M. Schust.
 Chonecoleaceae R.M. Schust. ex Grolle
 Grolleaceae R.M. Schust.
 Herbertaceae Müll. Frib. ex Fulford & Hatcher
 Lepicoleaceae R.M. Schust.
 Lepidoziaceae Limpr.
 Lophocoleaceae Müll. Frib. ex Vanden Berghen
 Mastigophoraceae R.M. Schust.
 Plagiochilaceae Müll. Frib.
 Pseudolepicoleaceae Fulford & J. Taylor
 Trichocoleaceae Nakai
 Myliineae J.J. Engel & Braggins ex Crand.-Stotl., Váňa, Stotler & J.J. Engel
 Myliaceae Schljakov
 Perssoniellineae R.M. Schust.
 Schistochilaceae H. Buch
 Pleuroziineae R.M. Schust.
 Ptilidiineae R.M. Schust.

Izvori

Jungermanniidae

Jungermanniales


Balmoral NW est un hameau situé dans la province d'Alberta, dans le centre-sud.

Histoire

Économie

Géographie

Démographie

Notes et références

Localité désignée en Alberta

Balmoral NW (Alberta)


An Microtis oblonga in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Richard Sanders Rogers. An Microtis oblonga in nahilalakip ha genus nga Microtis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Microtis

Microtis oblonga


11356 Chuckjones este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
11356 Chuckjones este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Woomera de Frank B. Zoltowski. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,03 ua, o excentricitate de 0,11 și o înclinație de 12,4° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 11001-12000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1997
Centura de asteroizi

11356 Chuckjones


Knud Erik Hansen (født 9. april 1936 i Nørre Åby, død 18. august 1988 på Kalymnos, Grækenland) var en dansk maler og grafiker.

Hansen blev optaget på Kunstakademiet på malerskolen i København, her befandt han sig dog ikke særlig godt, og efter kort tid blev han derfor anbefalet at søge over på grafisk skole. Her gik det meget bedre, sikkert på grund af skolens særlige værkstedsmiljø, hvor rutinerede grafikere mødtes med eleverne til gensidig inspiration. Flere af de etablerede kunstnere, der havde deres gang på skolen, bl.a. Søren Hjorth Nielsen og Rasmus Nellemann, de kom til at betyde meget for hans fortsatte karriere.

Knud Hansen er rigtigt repræsenteret på Trapholt, Vejle Kunstmuseum og Fuglsang Kunstmuseum.

Eksterne henvisninger og kilder

Malere fra Danmark
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog (afdøde)
Personer fra Nørre Aaby

Knud Hansen (kunstner)


La commande semi-automatique sur ligne de visée ( Semi-automatic command to line of sight, abrégé SACLOS) est une méthode de guidage des missiles. Suivant cette méthode, l'opérateur doit continuellement pointer un dispositif de visée vers la cible pendant que le missile est en vol. L'électronique du dispositif de visée et/ou du missile le guide alors vers la cible.

De nombreuses armes SACLOS sont basées sur un chercheur infrarouge aligné avec le viseur ou le télescope de visée de l'opérateur. Le chercheur suit le missile, soit l'échappement chaud de son moteur-fusée, soit souvent des fusées éclairantes attachées à la cellule du missile, et mesure l'angle entre le missile et l'axe central des viseurs de l'opérateur. Ce signal est envoyé au missile, souvent à l'aide de fils métalliques minces ou d'une liaison radio, ce qui le fait rediriger vers le centre de la ligne de visée. Des exemples courants de ces armes sont le missile antichar filoguidé BGM-71 TOW (ATGM) et le missile sol-air radiocommandé Rapier (SAM).

Une autre classe d'armes SACLOS est basée sur le principe du faisceau. Dans ce cas, un signal est envoyé depuis le viseur de l'opérateur vers la cible. Le signal est généralement radio ou plus couramment un laser. Le missile est équipé de récepteurs pour le signal à l'arrière du fuselage. Une certaine forme de codage est utilisée dans le signal afin que le missile puisse se diriger vers le centre du faisceau ; des fréquences changeantes ou des motifs de points sont couramment utilisés. Ces systèmes présentent un avantage et un inconvénient : la liaison entre le lanceur et le missile ne peut pas facilement être rompue ou bloquée, mais le signal de guidage peut être détecté par la cible. Les exemples incluent le RBS 70 SAM à guidage laser et le 9M119 Svir ATGM.

Notes et références

Voir aussi
 Commande manuelle sur ligne de visée (MCLOS)
 Tire et oublie

Missile
Optronique

Commande semi-automatique sur ligne de visée


Ronald Lee Kauffman dit Ronnie Kauffman, né le  à Seattle (Washington), est un patineur artistique américain qui patine en couple artistique avec sa sœur Cynthia Kauffman. Ils sont quadruples champions des États-Unis (1966 à 1969), doubles champions nord-américains (1967 et 1969) et trois fois médaillés de bronze aux mondiaux (1966 à 1968).

Biographie

Carrière sportive
Ronald Kauffman patine avec sa sœur Cynthia Kauffman en couple artistique. Ils sont quadruples champions des États-Unis de 1966 à 1969.

Ils représentent leur pays à trois championnats nord-américains (1965 à Rochester, 1967 à Montréal et 1969 à Oakland), à six mondiaux (1964 à Dortmund, 1965 à Colorado Springs, 1966 à Davos, 1967 à Vienne, 1968 à Genève et 1969 à Colorado Springs) et à deux Jeux olympiques d'hiver (en 1964 à Innsbruck et 1968 à Grenoble).

Aux championnats nord-américains, ils remportent une médaille d'argent en 1965 et deux médailles d'or en 1967 et 1969 ; et aux mondiaux, ils conquièrent trois médailles de bronze en 1966, 1967 et 1968.

Ils prennent leur retraite sportive après les mondiaux de 1969.

Reconversion
Ronnie Kauffman fréquente le Shoreline Junior College et sert dans l'armée américaine à la fin des années 1960 à Fort Lewis (Washington).

Hommage
Ronald Kauffman est intronisé au Temple de la renommée du patinage artistique américain en 1995.

Palmarès
En couple artistique avec Cynthia Kauffman.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Patineur artistique américain
Naissance en décembre 1946
Naissance à Seattle
Patineur artistique aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1964
Patineur artistique aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1968
Champion d'Amérique du Nord de patinage artistique

Ronald Kauffman


Brookmere est une municipalité située dans la province de la Colombie-Britannique, dans la région de Nicola.

Notes et références

Municipalité en Colombie-Britannique

Brookmere


මෙහෙන්දි හෝ හෙනා, හෙනා ගසින් ලබා ගන්නා කොළ කුඩු බවට පත්කර ගෙන එයට වතුර යොදා පල්පයක් බවට පත්කර ගැනීමෙන් අනතුරුව එය ගැහැණුන් සහ පිරිමින් මෝස්තරයක් ලෙස භාවිතා කරයි. මෙය විශේෂයෙන් අත් සහ පා මෝස්තර කිරීමට වැඩි වශයෙන් භාවිතා කරනු ලබයි. මෙහෙන්දි යන්න සංස්කෘත වචනයෙන් ව්‍යුත්පන්න වූවකි. මෙහෙන්දි හා කහ භාවිතය මුල් කාලීන හින්දු වෛදික චාරිත්‍ර පොත්පත් වල විස්තර කරයි. මුලින් මෙහෙන්දි භාවිතය දැකගත හැකි වූයේ කාන්තාවන්ගේ අත්වල මෝස්තර ලෙසයි. නමුත් ඇතැම් විට පිරිමින්ගේ අත්වලද මෙය දැකගත හැකි විය. මෙය බෙහෙවින්ම වෛදික චාරිත්‍රයක් වන අතර මේ අනුව පිටත හා අභ්‍යන්තර හිරු නිරූපණයක් වේ. වෛදික පොදු චාරිත්‍රයට අනුව "අභ්‍යන්තර ආලෝකයෙහි පිබිදීමක්" ලෙස මෙම මෝස්තර හැදින්විය හැකිවේ.

මෙහෙන්දි මෝස්තර විවිධාකාරවූ වෙනස්කම් හා වර්ග දැකිය හැකිවන අතර ඒ අනුව මෙය මෙලෙස වර්ගීකරණයකට ලක්කළ හැකිවේ. අරාබි මෙහෙන්දි මෝස්තර, ඉන්දියානු මෙහෙන්දි මෝස්තර, සහ පකිස්ථානු මෙහෙන්දි මෝස්තර. මෙහෙන්දි මෝස්තර ඉන්දියාව තුළ බහුලව දැකගත හැකි අතර අසල්වැසි රටවල් වන බංග්ලාදේශය, පාකිස්තානය හා ශ්‍රී ලංකාව අතරද එම මෝස්තර කලාව ව්‍යාප්තව ඇත. කාන්තාවන් මෙහෙන්දි මෝස්තර විශේෂයෙන් භාවිතා කරනු ලබන්නේ, මංගල උත්සව, උත්සව අවස්ථා, ආගමික උත්සව හා සාම්ප්‍රදායික උත්සව වැනි අවස්ථාවන් සදහාය.

මෙහෙන්දි හෝ හෙනා සම්භවය පිළිබඳ මතභේද පවතින අතර එය මූලික වශයෙන් ඊජිප්තියානු මමී වල ශරීර ආවරණයක් ලෙසද භාවිත කර ඇත. මීට අමතරව එම මමී වල හිසකෙස් හා නිය ලා රතු දුඹුරු පාටින් තැවරූ හෙනා දැක ගත හැකි විය. උද්භිද විද්‍යාඥයන් විශ්වාස කරන්නේ, හෙනා ශාකය ඊජිප්තුයානු සම්භවයකින් ආරම්භවී එය කාන්තාවන්ගේ අත්ල සහ පා මෝස්තර කිරීම සඳහා ඉන්දියාවට ගෙන ආ බවයි (7වන ශත වර්ෂයේ පටන්). ඓතිහාසිකව හෙනා ඖෂධීය අරමුණු සඳහා භාවිතා කර ඇත. මීට අමතරව අශ්වයන් හා වෙනත් සතුන්ගේ ලොම් වර්ණ කිරීමට, රෙදි සහ සම් මෙන්ම හිසකෙස් සඳහා ඩයි ලෙසද භාවිත විය. ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් ඉන්දියාව හා පාකිස්තානය තුළ මෙහෙන්දි හෝ හෙනා, තාවකාලිකව සම සැරසිලි කිරීම සඳහා භාවිතා කරනු ලබයි. මීට අමතරව ඉන්දීය සිනමා සහ විනෝදාස්වාදය කර්මාන්තය තුළද මේවා දැකගත හැකි විය. තවද නේපාලය, බංග්ලාදේශය සහ මාලදිවයින යන රටවල්හීද මෙහෙන්දි භාවිතය දැකගත හැකිවේ.

මූලාශ්‍ර

මෙහෙන්දි


Ussuriysk () is a city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located in the fertile valley of the Razdolnaya River,  north of Vladivostok, the administrative center of the krai, and about  from both the China–Russia border and the Pacific Ocean.

It was previously known as Nikolskoye (until 1898), Nikolsk-Ussuriysky (until 1935), Voroshilov (until 1957).

History

Medieval history

The area of what now is Ussuriysk was settled by Yulou Mohe tribes. From the mid-9th century, it became Solbin-bu of the Balhae Kingdom. It is then populated by the Dōnghǎi Jurchens, under control of Liao dynasty. The city then become capital of Jīn Dynasty's Sùpín circuit (速頻路). Then it went under control of Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties respectively and known as  ().

Modern era

In 1866, the settlement of Nikolskoye () was founded on the area of today's Ussuriysk, named after Saint Nicholas. Due to its advantageous geographic location at the crossing of the transportation lines, the village experienced rapid growth during the 1870s, turning into a trade center. Its role increased after the railroad connecting Khabarovsk and Vladivostok (now a part of the Trans-Siberian Railway) was built, and in 1898 it was granted town status and renamed Nikolsk-Ussuriysky ().

By the beginning of the 20th century the town's population totaled 15,000 people, and the annual turnover of its trade enterprises was equal to three million rubles. After the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, Nikolsk-Ussuriysky became one of the most important commercial and economic centers of the Russian Far East. In 1913, the city ranked fourth after Vladivostok, Blagoveshchensk, and Khabarovsk in terms of population.

Enterprises were established processing agricultural products such as mills, dairies, soap-boiling plants, and tanneries, as well as macaroni and sausage factories and breweries. Brick factories, quarries, and saw-mills were also built.

The central part of the city began to be built up with two- and three-story masonry buildings. In 1914, there were fourteen educational institutions, a theater, a circus, and three movie-theaters in Nikolsk-Ussuriysky.

After the October Revolution of 1917, the city's economy experienced rapid growth. The city specialized in processing agricultural products. The name of the city was changed to Voroshilov in 1935 after Kliment Voroshilov. With Nikita Khrushchev's ascent to power after Stalin's death the city's name was changed in 1957 to Ussuriysk after the  Ussuri River, which is more than 140 km away.

Until the 1980s, the city ranked second in the krai in population, having only recently yielded to Nakhodka. Ussuriysk is still second only to Vladivostok as a theatrical and higher-educational center (it is home to the Pedagogical and Agricultural Institutes, and the Higher Military School).

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with thirty-seven rural localities, incorporated as Ussuriysk City Under Krai Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, Ussuriysk City Under Krai Jurisdiction is incorporated as Ussuriysky Urban Okrug.

Demographics
Ethnic composition (2010):
 Russians – 91%
 Koreans – 3%
 Ukrainians – 2.4%
 Tatars – 0.5%
 Others – 3.1%

Economy

The city's industry is represented by twenty-eight enterprises, including twelve of the food industry, two of light industry, six of metal industry, and four of construction industry. Ussuriysk has always specialized in the production of consumer goods. That is why at present it is in a more favorable situation as compared with other large cities of Primorye where enterprises of war industry prevailed.

The largest enterprises of light industry are Primorsky Sakhar (which provides the Russian Far East with sugar, producing 160,000 tonnes per year), Dalsoya (which produces vegetable oil, margarine, and soap), Ussuriysky Balsam (24 kinds of liqueur and vodka products, and balsams made of a blend of dozens of herbs). Five articles of Ussuriysky Balsam were given diplomas of the first and the second degrees at all-Russian competition of alcohol products.

One more economic feature of Ussuriysk is its wholesale trade. There are approximately thirty specialized and multipurpose trade bases, many of which had developed contacts with foreign partners before the external economic policy was liberalized in Russia.

Among the city's other enterprises that are worth mentioning are the Grado firm which annually produces up to 600,000 pairs of footwear, and the Locomotive Repairing Plant. The annual industrial output of Ussuriysk equals 8% of Primorsky Krai's production. Besides, the city is the crossing point of all major highways and railroads of the krai.

Sports

Ice hockey
Primorye Ussuriysk team

Theaters

The Ussuriysk Drama Theater of the Eastern Military District is located at #31 Sovyetskaya Street. The theater was founded in 1937 and is one of the two theaters of the Russian Army (the other is the Central Theater of the Russian Army in Moscow).

The Ussuriysk Drama Theater is located at #33 Volodarskogo Street. It was opened in 1937. The theater is of classical tendencies. Plays are staged both for adults and children. The hall can accommodate 428 people.

Architecture and monuments
The central part of the city, including Lenina, Chicherina, Krasnoznamyonnaya, and Ageyeva Streets, is of historic value. The city's oldest hotel (#28 Lenina St.) was constructed in 1880. #53 Lenina St., which houses the city's oldest movie-theater Grand-Illyuzion, was built in 1908.

On the central square there is a monument to the Red Guards and partisans, who died in the battles at Ussuriysk in June 1918. A monument to Vladimir Lenin is on the Railway Station Square.

Steam locomotive YeL 629 is set on plinth as a memorial to three Bolshevik revolutionaries (Lazo, Lutsky, and Sibirtsev) who were allegedly burned alive by the White Guards in its firebox in 1920.

The Intercession Church at #80A Chicherina St. was built in 1914. It is the only religious building in the krai that has been kept without any reconstruction since 1917 and is used for its original purpose.

Notable people
Aleksandr Dvornikov (born 1961), army general
Nikos Kavvadias (1910-1975), Greek poet

Landscape
Ussuriysk is very green because of many trees (such as poplars, elms, and jasmine, that were transplanted here from the taiga) and ranked third after Arsenyev and Vladivostok.

Twin towns and sister cities

Ussuriysk is twinned with:
 Mudanjiang, China
 Changwon, South Korea

See also
Ussuriysk Astrophysical Observatory
Ussuriysk railway station

References

Sources

Cities and towns in Primorsky Krai
Populated places established in 1866
Manchuria
1866 establishments in the Russian Empire
Koryo-saram communities
Korean communities in Russia

Ussuriysk


Karol Ruprecht (* 1821; † 1875) war ein polnischer Patriot und sozialer Fürsorger, einer der Gründer der "Weißen" Partei. Seine Familie kam aus Schlesien, er war Mitglied der Evangelisch-Reformierten Kirche.

Er war im von Russland verwalteten Teil Polens tätig. 1849 wurde er festgenommen und nach Sibirien verschleppt. Es gelang ihm aus der Verbannung heimzukehren. Nach der Rückkehr war er in der Redaktion von "Gazeta Warszawska" tätig.

1858–1861 war er Mitglied der liberalen "Weißen" Partei. Er war Befürworter der Organischen Arbeit und der Bestrebung um nationale Freiheiten mit politischen Methoden. Er betrachtete die Aufstände nur als äußersten Weg zur Freiheit. Er verfasste 1862 eine Broschüre: Kwestia socjalna wobec narodowej sprawy (Soziale Frage angesichts der Nationalen Sache), die als Programm der Partei anerkannt wurde. Während des Januaraufstandes 1863/1864 wurde er Mitglied der Nationalen Regierung und leitete den Finanzausschuss. Nach der Machtübernahme des Aufstandes durch die radikale "Rote" Partei wanderte er nach Frankreich aus.

Quellen
 Agaton Giller: Karol Ruprecht, Lwów 1875

Journalist (Polen)
Person im Januaraufstand (Polen)
Geboren 1821
Gestorben 1875
Pole
Mann

Karol Ruprecht


Cet article présente une liste d'écrivains de langue pendjabi.

Liste

 Baba Farid (1175-1265)
 Amrita Pritam (1919-2005)
 Khushwant Singh (1915-2014)

Bibliographie

Voir aussi
 Littérature indienne

Notes et références

Punjabi

Liste d'écrivains de langue pendjabi


CentrePort/DFW Airport station is a Trinity Railway Express (TRE) commuter rail station in Fort Worth, Texas. It is located on Statler Boulevard just south of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. It opened on September 16, 2000, and is a station on the TRE commuter line, serving the CentrePort business park and DFW Airport.

Connections
From the station, Trinity Metro operates several shuttle services.

Route 30, the CentrePort Circulator, connects passengers with businesses in the area around the station. The route operates with three loops: the West Loop (which primarily serves the headquarters of American Airlines), the Amon Carter Loop and the East Loop. Route 30 only operates weekday during the peak commuting periods.

Route 31, the TRE Link, matches the operating frequency of trains and runs between the station and DFW Airport Terminal B station where passengers can connect with the TEXRail line, the DART Orange Line and all DFW Terminals using the DFW Skylink system.

From April 2013 to December 2017, the Metro Arlington Xpress shuttle connected the station to downtown Arlington, including the University of Texas at Arlington campus. The service has since been replaced by a ride-sharing service operated by Via.

References

External links

 TRE - CentrePort/DFW Airport Station
 DFW Airport - TRE Ground Transportation

Trinity Railway Express stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 2000
Airport railway stations in the United States
Dallas Area Rapid Transit commuter rail stations
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport
Railway stations in Tarrant County, Texas
Railway stations in Fort Worth, Texas
2000 establishments in Texas

CentrePort/DFW Airport station