Mandrake the Magician is a syndicated newspaper comic strip, created by Lee Falk before he created The Phantom. Mandrake began publication on June 11, 1934. Phil Davis soon took over as the strip's illustrator, while Falk continued to script. The strip was distributed by King Features Syndicate.

Mandrake, along with the Phantom Magician in Mel Graff's The Adventures of Patsy, is regarded as the first superhero of comics by comics historians such as Don Markstein, who writes, "Some people say Mandrake the Magician, who started in 1934, was comics' first superhero."

Davis worked on the strip until his death in 1964, when Falk recruited artist Fred Fredericks. With Falk's death in 1999, Fredericks became both writer and artist. The Sunday-newspaper Mandrake strip ended December 29, 2002. The daily newspaper strip ended mid-story on July 6, 2013, when Fred Fredericks retired, and a reprint of Pursuit of the Cobra (D220) from 1995 began July 8, 2013.

Characters and story
Mandrake is a magician whose work is based on an unusually fast hypnotic technique. As noted in captions, when Mandrake "gestures hypnotically", his subjects see illusions, and Mandrake has used this technique against a variety of villains including gangsters, mad scientists, extraterrestrials, and characters from other dimensions. At various times in the comic strip, Mandrake also demonstrates other powers, including becoming invisible, shapeshifting, levitation, and teleporting. His hat, cloak, and wand, passed down from his father Theron, possess great magical properties, which in time Mandrake learns how to manipulate. Although Mandrake publicly works as a stage magician, he spends much of his time fighting criminals and combatting supernatural entities. Mandrake lives in Xanadu, a high-tech mansion atop a mountain in New York State. Xanadu's features include closed-circuit TV, a sectional road which divides in half, and vertical iron gates.

Leon Mandrake
Leon Mandrake, a real-life magician, had been performing for well over ten years before Lee Falk introduced the comic strip character. Thus, he is sometimes thought to have been the source for the origin of the strip. Leon Mandrake, like the fictional Mandrake, was also known for his top hat, pencil-line mustache, and scarlet-lined cape. Ironically, Leon Mandrake had changed his stage name to Mandrake to match the popular strip and then legally changed his surname from Giglio to Mandrake later. The resemblance between the comic-strip hero and the real-life magician was close enough to allow Leon to at least passively allow the illusion that the strip was based on his stage persona. Leon Mandrake was accompanied by Narda, his first wife and stage assistant, named after a similar character, who appears in the strip. Velvet, his replacement assistant and eventual lifetime partner, would also later make appearances in the strip along with his real-life side-kick, Lothar.

Other characters

Supporting

Lothar is Mandrake's best friend and crimefighting companion,
who Mandrake first met during his travels in Africa. Lothar was the Prince of the Seven Nations, a mighty federation of jungle tribes but forbore becoming king to follow Mandrake on his world travels. Lothar is often referred to as "the strongest man in the world", with the exception of Hojo — Mandrake's chef and secret chief of Inter Intel. Lothar is invulnerable to any weapon forged by man, is impervious to heat and cold, and possesses the stamina of a thousand men. He also cannot be harmed by magic directly (such as by fire bolts, force bolts, or spell incantations). He can easily lift an elephant by one hand. One of the first African crimefighting heroes ever to appear in comics, Lothar's début alongside Mandrake was in the 1934 inaugural daily strip. In the beginning, Lothar spoke poor English and wore a fez, short pants, and a leopard skin. In a 1935 work by King Features Syndicate, Lothar is referred to as Mandrake's "giant black slave." When artist Fred Fredericks took over in 1965, Lothar spoke correct English and his clothing changed, although he often wore shirts with leopard-skin patterns.

Narda is Princess of the European nation Cockaigne, ruled by her brother Segrid. She made her first appearance in the second Mandrake story. Even though she and Mandrake were initially infatuated with each other, they did not marry until 1997, when an extravagant triple wedding ceremony at Mandrake's home of Xanadu, Narda's home country Cockaigne, and Mandrake's father Theron's College of Magic (Collegium Magikos) in the Himalayas. Narda learned martial arts from Hojo.

Theron is the headmaster of the College of Magic (Collegium Magikos) located in the Himalayas. He is hundreds of years old and may be kept alive by the Mind Crystal, of which he is the guardian.

Hojo, who knows six languages, is Mandrake's chef at his home of Xanadu and the secret chief of the international crimefighting organization Inter-Intel. As such, he has enlisted Mandrake's help with many cases. He is also a superb martial-arts expert. Hojo's assistant at Inter-Intel is Jed.

The Police Chief is named Bradley but mostly called Chief. Mandrake aided him on several occasions. The Chief created the S.S.D. (Silly Stuff Dept.) for absurd and unbelievable cases that only Mandrake could solve. He has a son, Chris.

Magnon, the emperor of the galaxy, is Mandrake's most powerful friend and, with his wife Carola, has a daughter, Nardraka. She was named after Mandrake and Narda and is their godchild.

Lenore is Mandrake's younger half-sister. She is a world-renowned explorer.

Karma is Lothar's girlfriend, an African princess who works as a model.

Villains
The Cobra is Mandrake's most evil and dangerous foe, apparent from the start of the story. In 1937, the Cobra seemed to be defeated, but returned in 1965, wearing a menacing silver mask. The Cobra's main goal is to acquire one of the two powerful Crystal Cubes, which increase mental energy. Mandrake and his father Theron guard them. Mandrake learned that The Cobra was secretly Luciphor, Theron's oldest son and, thus, Mandrake's half-brother. In later years, the Cobra was able to abandon his silver mask because his face had been reconstructed through surgery. He is sometimes accompanied by his assistant Ud.Later revealed to be Octon the leader of the 8.

Derek is Mandrake's twin brother and, thus, similar to Mandrake's appearance. The brother used his magical powers, which were near to Mandrake's, to achieve short-term personal satisfactions. Mandrake tried to remove Derek's knowledge of magic but never entirely succeeded. Derek's son Eric, with an unknown mother, shows no signs of following in his father's footsteps.

The Clay Camel, real name Saki, is a master of disguise, able to mimic anyone and change his appearance in seconds. His name comes from the symbol he leaves at the scenes of his crimes, a small camel made of clay.

The Brass Monkey, daughter of the Clay Camel, has a similar talent for disguises.

Aleena the Enchantress is a former friend of Mandrake's from the College of Magic and a much-married spoiled temptress who uses her magic powers to benefit herself. She sometimes attempts to seduce Mandrake, but fails and, afterward, attempts to cause him trouble.

8 is an old and very powerful crime organization originating in medieval times. Members are known to often incorporate the number 8 in their crimes or leave the number 8 as a mark. They are organized like an octopus with eight arms, as in its headquarters, which are spread all over the world. One head — the mysterious leader Octon — is only shown as a menacing image on a computer screen. Over the years, Mandrake destroys the various headquarters one by one. In one episode, the Octon of 8 is revealed as Cobra, but the name later refers to an artificial intelligence wielded by Ming the Merciless in the television series Defenders of the Earth.

Ekardnam, 'Mandrake spelled backward, is Mandrake's "evil twin", who exists on the other side of a mirror. Like his world, in which the government is run by the Private of the Armies and generals do menial tasks, Ekardnam is an exact opposite and uses his "evil eye" to work his magic.

The Deleter is an extraterrestrial contract killer who will "delete" anyone for a price but will inflict justice on anyone who tries to cheat him out of his contract fee.

Nitro Cain is a mad bomber who throws sticks of explosives at people, including Mandrake. After the Mandrake comic strip appeared in the Australian newspaper Sunday Telegraph, the series was later abruptly withdrawn with the last panel showing that Nitro Cain had blown Mandrake off a horse, with Mandrake exclaiming: "Blast you, Nitro Cain", a clever reference to the explosive's blast.

The newspaper strip
Oddly, newspapers did not carry any Mandrake daily strips with dates between June 26 and June 30, 1940. Instead, they carried strips dated one week later. The following week, to catch up, newspapers ran a week of undated strips. Some newspapers even scratched out the date printed on the strip and by hand wrote in the correct date.

Comic books
Mandrake had a prominent role in Magic Comics, a compilation of newspaper comic strip reprints published by David McKay Company from 1939 to 1949. Mandrake was the cover star for issues nos. 8 through 24. Beginning with issue no. 25, an illustration of Mandrake became part of the magazine's logo.

Dell Comics published a Mandrake the Magician issue in its Four Color comic book series with various main characters. The Mandrake issue, no. 752, featured original stories by Stan Campell and written by Paul Newman.

In 1966–67, King Comics published ten issues of a Mandrake the Magician comic book. Most of the stories were remakes of past newspaper strip stories and featured art by André LeBlanc,  and others. Mandrake stories also ran as backup features in other King titles.

Italian publisher Fratelli Spada produced a considerable amount of original Mandrake comic-book stories in the 1960s and 1970s. A few were also published in the American Mandrake comic book mentioned above.

Marvel released a Mandrake mini-series in 1995, written by Mike W. Barr with painted art by Rob Ortaleza. However, only two of three planned issues were published.

Mandrake has also enjoyed great success in comic books published in Britain, Australia, Brazil, India, France, Spain, Italy, Yugoslavia, Germany, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Turkey, and Sweden. Although, in the Nordic countries, it was most often a backup feature in The Phantom comic books. As well, Mandrake is popular in India through Indrajal Comics.

Mandrake is featured together with the Phantom in The Phantom Annual #2, written by Mike Bullock and Kevin Grevioux and published by Moonstone Books.

In 2013, Dynamite Entertainment launched a mini-series, Kings Watch, in which, much like Defenders of the Earth, Mandrake and Lothar teamed up with the Phantom, Flash Gordon, Dale Arden, and Hans Zarkov. The series pitted the six characters against the Cobra and Ming the Merciless. This was followed by a Mandrake solo comic, written by Roger Langridge and drawn by Jeremy Treece, as part of Dynamite's King: Dynamite series.

In July 2020, King Features Syndicate, Red 5 Comics, and StoneBot Studios announced the series Legacy of Mandrake the Magician, written by Erica Schultz and drawn by Diego Giribaldi, Juan Pablo Massa, and Moncho Bunge. The series tells the story of teenage magic apprentice Mandragora Constanza Terrado Paz, known more simply as "Mandy" Paz. Mandy's mother is a fortune teller and they live in a building owned by Mandrake the Magician, whom Mandy's mother knows personally. Mandy's best friend is LJ, the teenage son of Lothar. While investigating Mandrake's storage room, Mandy discovers a magic mirror containing the spirit of a magician called Alruin, who then begins the girl's training in magic.

Books
There were also four Mandrake the Magician (Big Little Books) published by Whitman Publishing:
 Mandrake the Magician (1935)
 Mandrake the Magician and the Midnight Monster (1939)
 Mandrake the Magician, Mighty Solver of Mysteries (1942)
 Mandrake the Magician and the Flame Pearls (1946)

Reprints
Inside Magic publishes current Mandrake daily comic strip from King Features.
Dragon Lady Press reprinted a 1937 Mandrake daily story in Classic Adventure Strips #1.
Pacific Comics Club reprinted two Mandrake daily stories from 1938 Feature Books #18 and #23.
Nostalgia Press published a hardback book reprinting two 1938 daily stories.
Pioneer Comics reprinted a large number of Mandrake stories in comic book form.
Comics Revue has reprinted several Mandrake daily and Sunday stories, including first Mandrake daily story and the first Mandrake Sunday story.
JAL Publications has reprinted several Mandrake stories
 Hermes Press has begun reprinting the King comic book series, which will be published in two volumes.
 Titan Books reprinted the earliest Mandrake Sunday strips in 2016.
 Titan Books has also started to reprint the daily strips, by Phil Davis, and by Fred Fredericks.

In other media

Radio
Mandrake the Magician was a 15-minute radio serial, which aired on the Mutual Broadcasting System from November 11, 1940, until February 6, 1942.

Films
In 1939, Columbia produced a 12-part Mandrake the Magician serial, based on the King Features strip, starring Warren Hull as Mandrake and Al Kikume as Lothar. The serial is available on DVD.

An unauthorized Mandrake movie produced in Turkey was made in 1967, Mandrake Killing'in Peşinde, also known as Mandrake Killing'e Karşı / Mandrake Against Killing), directed by Oksal Pekmezoğlu and starring Güven Erte as Mandrake.

Unproduced films
In the 1960s, Federico Fellini, a close friend of Falk, intended to make a Mandrake movie, but the project was never realized.

In the early 1980s, within two weeks of signing with his first agent, American filmmaker Michael Almereyda was hired by Embassy Pictures to rewrite a script for Mandrake the Magician. He told Filmmaker magazine that, upon receiving the assignment, he flew to New York City and checked himself into the Chelsea Hotel to work on the rewrite. Three weeks later, he emerged with a new draft, but by then the studio had changed heads, and, in as little time as his revision took, the project was dropped.

In 2007, Baldwin Entertainment Group and Hyde Park Entertainment purchased rights to make a Mandrake movie to be directed by Mimi Leder. The two companies own the rights to Lee Falk's The Phantom. Jonathan Rhys Meyers was originally projected to play the title character with Chuck Russell as director. In 2009, Hayden Christensen replaced Rhys Meyers in the title role of the film with Djimon Hounsou co-starring and Mimi Leder directing. Warner Bros announced that they are developing the film version of Mandrake. In June 2016, Sacha Baron Cohen was cast as Mandrake.

Television

Live-action
NBC made a pilot for a Mandrake the Magician TV series in 1954, but no other episodes were made. Stage magician Coe Norton starred as Mandrake and Woody Strode as Lothar.

Anthony Herrera had the title role in the TV film Mandrake with Ji-Tu Cumbuka as Lothar. Magician Harry Blackstone Jr. was featured in the cast.

Animation
Mandrake and Lothar first appeared in animated form with the Phantom, Flash Gordon, and Steve Canyon in 1972 television special The Man Who Hated Laughter.

In the animated series Defenders of the Earth (1986–87), Mandrake the Magician teams with fellow King Features adventurers Flash Gordon and The Phantom. Mandrake's best friend and crime-fighting partner Lothar also has a prominent role, as well as a teenage son nicknamed L.J. (Lothar Jr.) who is a martial artist. Mandrake has an adopted son of Asian blood named Kshin, whom he is training as his apprentice and heir. Peter Renaday provided the voice of Mandrake and Buster Jones provided Lothar's. The entire series has been released by BCI Eclipse as a two-DVD set in America, while Fremantle Media released the entire series on DVD in the UK.  The series can be seen on the Pluto TV Classic Toons channel.

In animated series Phantom 2040, featuring a future Phantom, Mandrake appears in the episode "The Magician". He is not named in the episode but rather presented as an old friend of that Phantom's father, a magician who helped build much of previous Phantom's previous equipment. His remarkably well-preserved shape is compatible with the longevity-conferring properties of the Crystals. Peter Renaday once again provides the voice of Mandrake.

Theater
The musical Mandrake the Magician and the Enchantress was produced during the late 1970s at the Lenox Arts Festival in Massachusetts. The script is by Falk and Thayer Burch with music by George Quincy and lyrics by Burch.

Mandrake is a character in the play King Kong Palace, written by Chilean playwright Marco Antonio de la Parra. In the play, Mandrake is now a performer at birthday parties, in which he attempts to seduce Jane, the ambitious wife of Tarzan, in order to satisfy his lust for power.

Parodies and tributes
Mandrake the Magician has inspired several other comic characters with magic powers, including Zatara, Kardak the Mystic Magician, Monako, Dakor the Magician, Ibis the Invincible, Mantor the Magician, Sargon the Sorcerer, Zatanna, Mr. Mystic, The Wizard, Mysto, Dr. Strange, and Magician Detective, as well as the short-lived Jim the Magician (Jadugar Jim in Hindi) by Sudhir Tailang in India.

In Mad no. 14 (August 1954), Mandrake was spoofed as "Manduck". He lives in a city dump, which he convinces visitors is a palatial home by "gesturing hypnotically". In this story, he matches wits with The Shadow; he, Lothar (called Loathar), and The Shadow all gesture hypnotically at each other, and, after a huge explosion, only Lothar (looking like Manduck) remains. In another issue, Manduck pulls off the trick of turning Loathar into a  blonde woman.

Gianni Garko has stated that the new interpretation of his Sartana character in the 1968 Spaghetti Western film If You Meet Sartana Pray for Your Death presented by the film's director Gianfranco Parolini, of a gunfighter with seemingly supernatural luck, was influenced by Mandrake the Magician.

"In Pictopia" (first published in Anything Goes! no. 2 (August 1986) is a short story by Alan Moore and illustrator Don Simpson, which takes place in a limbo world of comic-book characters. Main character Nocturno the Necromancer is based on Mandrake. The story was reprinted in George Khoury's The Extraordinary Works of Alan Moore (TwoMorrows, July 2003).

Michael Kupperman's Tales Designed to Thrizzle (Fantagraphics) pokes fun at many comics, including Mandrake the Magician, with three-panel strip "Mancake the Magician".

In France, Mandrake was spoofed as Rasmus, Zembla's comic sidekick in  (Augusto Pedrazza, 1963-1979).

In the episode 106 of the Argentine comic "Mi novia y yo", Mandrake makes a cameo at the end of the story.

In popular culture
New Zealand-born Australian country and western singer Tex Morton had a successful song "Mandrake" recorded in 1941. It was about a rodeo horse named Mandrake who never bucked the same, explaining, "Mandrake is a wizard so that's how he got his name".

Professional baseball player Don Mueller, active in Major League Baseball from 1948 to 1959, was nicknamed "Mandrake the Magician" for being adept at consistently putting the ball in play and delivering hits through the infield.

In Italy, a popular saying non sono mica Mandrake  ("I'm no Mandrake", meaning "I can't do what's impossible"), refers to the magician.

In Colombia, a popular saying sabrá Mandrake ("only Mandrake would know", meaning "only someone all-knowing / with mental powers would know"), also refers to the magician.

Serbian alternative rock band Disciplina Kičme had a 1989 song called "Betmen, Mandrak, Fantom" (Batman, Mandrake, The Phantom).

Malayalam-language movie Junior Mandrake (1997) was named after Mandrake, though the plot is entirely unrelated to the Mandrake comic. The bust of Junior Mandrake has since become a cult in Kerala, India, to refer to anyone who brings constant misfortune as the bust does in the film, though this is unrelated to the original Mandrake character.

References

External links

Mandrake the Magician at King Features
Toonopedia: Mandrake the Magician
MandrakeWiki – Wiki dedicated to everything related to Mandrake the Magician
Xanadu: Mandrake the Magician
The Phantom Phorum – Discussion forum dedicated to The Phantom and Mandrake the Magician
Reprint Mandrake comics campaign-Online campaign to garner interest about getting the comics reprinted.
Mandrake the Magician Sundays and dailies
Chuck Russell to direct Mandrake movie
Inside Magic Inside Magic carries daily Mandrake the Magician from King Features Syndicate

American comic strips
1934 comics debuts
2013 comics endings
Comic strip superheroes
Dell Comics titles
Comics characters who use magic
Fantasy comics
Fantasy radio programs
Fictional stage magicians
Fictional telepaths
Film serial characters
Comics characters introduced in 1934
American comics adapted into films
Comics adapted into radio series
Comics adapted into plays
Comics adapted into television series
American comics characters
Male characters in comics
Comic strips ended in the 2010s
Comic strips started in the 1930s

Mandrake the Magician


Curtis Armstrong (* 27. November 1953 in Detroit, Michigan) ist ein US-amerikanischer Schauspieler.

Leben
Armstrong wurde als Sohn von Norma E. D'Amico, und Robert Leroy Armstrong in Detroit geboren. Nach seinem Schulabschluss an der Berkley High School in Berkley, Michigan, studierte er an der Oakland University, wo er von 1973 bis 1975 seinen Abschluss in Schauspiel an der Academy of Dramatic Arts machte. Bevor er nach New York zog, um in mehreren Off-Broadway-Stücken zu spielen, hatte Armstrong bereits seine erste Rolle als Puck in einer Theateraufführung von Ein Sommernachtstraum.

Nachdem er an der Seite von Tom Cruise in Lockere Geschäfte seinen ersten Filmauftritt hatte, war es vor allen Dingen seine Rolle des Dudley "Popel" Duddelsack (Original: Dudley "Booger" Dawson) in Die Rache der Eierköpfe, für die er die nächsten Jahre bekannt wurde. Nicht nur, dass er selbst in den Medien häufig Booger genannt wurde, seine Interpretation der Figur war so prägend, dass er in den Folgejahren in Filmen wie Lanny dreht auf, Ein ganz verrückter Sommer, Die Supertrottel und Die Uni meiner Träume immer wieder für ähnliche Rollen besetzt wurde. Die Rolle des "Snot" in der US-amerikanischen Zeichentrickserie American Dad ist als Reminiszenz an Booger angelegt und wird auch von Curtis Armstrong selbst gesprochen. In der Fernsehserie Rules of Engagement spielte sich 2011 Curtis Armstrong selbst und meinte, dass er zwar viel Spott ertragen musste, aber rückblickend auch stolz darauf sein kann, was er mit dieser Rolle geleistet hat.

Curtis Armstrong ist mit der Produzentin und Drehbuchautorin Elaine Aronson verheiratet und hat mit ihr eine gemeinsame Tochter.

Filmografie (Auswahl)

Filme
 1983: Lockere Geschäfte (Risky Business)
 1984: Die Rache der Eierköpfe (Revenge of the Nerds)
 1985: Die Weißkittel – Dümmer als der Arzt erlaubt (Bad Medicine)
 1985: Lanny dreht auf (Better Off Dead)
 1986: Ayla und der Clan des Bären (The Clan of the Cave Bear)
 1986: Ein ganz verrückter Sommer (One Crazy Summer)
 1987: Die Supertrottel (Revenge of the Nerds II: Nerds in Paradise)
 1989: Die Uni meiner Träume (How I Got Into College)
 1991: Der Fiesling (Hi Honey – I'm Dead)
 1992: Operation Kleinhirn (Revenge of the Nerds III: The Next Generation)
 1993: Die Abenteuer von Huck Finn (The Adventures of Huck Finn)
 1994: Chaos Kings (Revenge of the Nerds IV: Nerds in Love)
 1996: Agent 00 – Mit der Lizenz zum Totlachen (Spy Hard)
 1996: Mein liebster Feind (Big Bully)
 1996: Versprochen ist versprochen (Jingle All the Way)
 1997: L.A. Johns – Scharfe Kurven, heiße Typen (L.A. Johns)
 1998: Safety Patrol! – Mit Sicherheit ins Chaos (Safety Patrol)
 2002: Party Animals – Wilder geht's nicht! (National Lampoon's Van Wilder)
 2003: Auf den Spuren von Batman (Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt)
 2004: Ray
 2004: Voll auf die Nüsse (Dodgeball: A True Underdog Story)
 2005: Der Herr des Hauses (Man of the House)
 2006: Akeelah ist die Größte (Akeelah and the Bee)
 2006: Southland Tales
 2007: Smokin' Aces
 2008: Natürlich blond 3 – Jetzt geht's doppelt weiter (Legally Blondes)
 2009: American Pie präsentiert: Das Buch der Liebe (American Pie Presents: The Book of Love)
 2009: Hit List
 2011: Beethovens abenteuerliche Weihnachten (Beethoven's Christmas Adventure)
 2011: Flypaper – Wer überfällt hier wen? (Flypaper)
 2012: Route 30, Too!
 2014: Planes 2 – Immer im Einsatz (Planes: Fire & Rescue, Stimme)
2019: Malibu Rescue

Fernsehserien
 1986–1989: Das Model und der Schnüffler (Moonlighting) (36 Episoden)
 1992: Parker Lewis – Der Coole von der Schule (Parker Lewis Can't Lose) (1 Episode)
 1993–1997: Eek! The Cat (7 Episoden)
 1995: Diagnose: Mord (Diagnosis Murder) (1 Episode)
 1995: Superman – Die Abenteuer von Lois & Clark (Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman) (1 Episode)
 1999: Felicity (3 Episoden)
 1999: Hinterm Mond gleich links (3rd Rock from the Sun)
 seit 2005: American Dad (American Dad!)
 2005: Stroker & Hoop (Stroker and Hoop) (6 Episoden)
 2005: Grey's Anatomy (Folge, 2x10)
 2005–2007: Kuzco's Königsklasse (The Emperor's New School) (40 Episoden)
 2006: Boston Legal (5 Episoden)
 2009: My Name is Earl (1 Episode)
 2009: Dr. House (House, 2 Episoden)
 2010: CSI: Den Tätern auf der Spur (CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Fernsehserie, Episode 10x16)
 2010–2011 Blue Mountain State
 2011–2013: Dan vs.
 2011: Rules of Engagement (1 Episode)
 2011: Shit! My Dad Says ($#*! My Dad Says, 1 Episode)
 2011: The Closer (5 Episoden)
 2013–2016: Supernatural (15 Folgen)
 2013–2018: New Girl
 2019: Happy!

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmschauspieler
Theaterschauspieler
Person (Detroit)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1953
Mann

Curtis Armstrong


Le  est la première étape de la saison 2022 du circuit féminin des World Rugby Sevens Series. Elle se déroule sur  du  au  au The Sevens Stadium de Dubaï. Un second tournoi est organisé la semaine suivante, dans les mêmes conditions.

Cette édition, disputée à huis clos, est remportée par l'Australie, après avoir battu les Fidji en finale.

Équipes participantes
Dix équipes participent au tournoi :

L'équipe de Nouvelle-Zélande ne participe pas au tournoi, en raison des difficultés de déplacements liées à la pandémie de Covid-19.

Tournoi principal

Phase de poules

Poule A

|}

Poule B

|}

Phase finale

Classement final

Joueuses

Meilleures marqueuses

Meilleures réalisatrices

Distinctions

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series
 Tournoi féminin de Dubaï de rugby à sept

Liens externes

  sur world.rugby

2021 #1
Rugby à sept en 2021
Sport en novembre 2021
Sport aux Émirats arabes unis en 2021

Tournoi féminin de Dubaï de rugby à sept 2021 (novembre)


Complicit absolution is an offense in Roman Catholic canon law consisting of the absolution of a party complicit with the absolving priest in an offense. Because it constitutes the abuse of a sacrament, it is held to be sacrilege.

Some cases involve secular clergy in the archdiocese of Boston who were similarly accused of abusing the confessional in the documents Crimen sollicitationis and De delictis gravioribus.

See also
Sacramentum Poenitentiae

References

Catholic penal canon law
Sacramental law
Confession (Catholic Church)
Catholic Church legal terminology

Complicit absolution


Die 88. French Open 1989 waren ein Tennis-Sandplatzturnier der Klasse Grand Slam, das von der ITF veranstaltet wurde. Es fand vom 29. Mai bis 11. Juni 1989 in Roland Garros, Paris, Frankreich statt.

Titelverteidiger im Einzel waren Mats Wilander bei den Herren sowie Steffi Graf bei den Damen. Im Herrendoppel waren Andrés Gómez und Emilio Sánchez Vicario, im Damendoppel Martina Navratilova und Pam Shriver und im Mixed Lori McNeil und Jorge Lozano die Titelverteidiger.

Herreneinzel

Setzliste

Dameneinzel

Setzliste

Herrendoppel

Setzliste

Damendoppel

Setzliste

Mixed

Setzliste

Weblinks
 Offizielle Webpräsenz

French Open 1989


ويلي ويلنس ، من مواليد 19 أكتوبر 1954 ، لاعب كرة قدم بلجيكي سابق.

لعب مع منتخب بلجيكا لكرة القدم.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية بلجيكيون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
لاعبو الدوري البلجيكي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري البلجيكي للمحترفين
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1980
لاعبو بيرتشوت
لاعبو ريسنغ وايت ديرنغ مولنبيك
لاعبو ستاندارد لييج
لاعبو كرة قدم بلجيكيون
لاعبو كلوب بروج
لاعبو منتخب بلجيكا لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي سيركل بروج
لاعبو نادي لييرس
مدربو أوستينده
مدربو كرة قدم بلجيكيون
مواليد 1954

ويلي ويلنس


Doğankent, Giresun ilinin bir ilçesidir.

İlçenin bilinen en eski ismi Manastırbükü ve Harşıt idi. İlçeye yörede yaşayan Türkmenlerin eskiden yoğun olarak Doğan besleme alışkanlığından dolayı verilmiştir.

Nüfus

Eğitim öğretim
İlçe tarihinde eğitim ve öğretim açısından okuma/yazma oranı yukse olan ilçede, Hıristiyanlar döneminde çok sayıda manastır faaliyet göstermiştir. Türk hakimiyeti döneminde bir medrese açılmış, bu da Rüştiye mektebine dönüştürülmüş ve önemli bilim adamları bu medreseden yetişmiştir. Ömer Nasuhi BİLMEN, Elmalı Muhammet, İsmail Hakkı ERZURUMLU ilk akla gelenler.

İlçede 1 adet lise (Bu lise 2010 Eylül ayından itibaren Çok Programlı Lise'ye çevrilmiştir), 1 adet İmam-Hatip Lisesi, 1 adet anaokulu, 3 adete müstakil 8 sınıflı ilköğretim okulu ile 6 tane birleştirilmiş sınıflı İlköğretim Okulu olmak üzere toplam 11 adet okul bulunmaktadır.1990 yılından itibaren öğrenci azlığı ve okul binasının kullanılamaz halde bulunmasından dolayı 7 tane BSİO. kapatılmıştır. Aktif olarak çalışan, 1 adet müstakil 3 adet ilköğretim okulu içi anaokulu mevcuttur. 3 adet ilköğretim okulu, 1 adet birleştirilmiş sınıflı ilköğretim okulu, 1 adet Çok programlı lise , 1 adet imam hatip lisesi bulunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Doğankent Kaymakamlığı
 Doğankent Belediyesi

Doğankent


est le titre d'un ouvrage de référence historique d'Ernst Heinrich Kneschke sur la noblesse allemande. L'ouvrage est publié en neuf volumes de 1859 à 1870 par Friedrich Voigt à Leipzig. Le premier abonné est le roi Jean de Saxe.

Selon l'avant-propos du premier volume, le but de la publication est de "visualiser, compléter et compiler" le matériel sur les familles de la noblesse, "spécifiquement pour une utilisation rapide et facile, d'abord dans l'intérêt de la noblesse et de son histoire, ainsi que l'histoire en général, les statistiques essentielles, la généalogie et l'héraldique, etc. "

Les familles sont répertoriées selon l'alphabet du nom de famille. Surtout la noblesse, l'origine de la famille, le siège ancestral, parfois les armoiries de la famille, les caractéristiques fondamentales de l'histoire familiale et des parents éminents sont mentionnés. L'information bibliographique avec des ouvrages supplémentaires sur presque toutes les familles est précieuse pour l'usage d'aujourd'hui.

Le Neue Allgemeine Adels-Lexicon est publié jusqu'en 1942 par les Gothaischen Genealogischen Taschenbücher der Adeligen Häuser.

Les tomes individuels

 Ernst Heinrich Kneschke (Hrsg.): Neues allgemeines Deutsches Adels-Lexicon. Neun Bände. Voigt, Leipzig 1859–1870.
 Band 1: Aa – Boyve. Leipzig 1859 (Volltext de la Bibliothèque universitaire et d'État de Düsseldorf).
 Band 2: Bozepolski – Ebergassing. Leipzig 1860.
 Band 3: Eberhard – Graffen.  Leipzig 1861.
 Band 4: Graffen – Kalau v. Kalheim. Leipzig 1863.
 Band 5: Kalb – Loewenthal. Leipzig 1864.
 Band 6: Loewenthal – Osorowski. Leipzig 1865.
 Band 7: Ossa – Ryssel. Leipzig 1867.
 Band 8: Saackhen, Wailckhl v. Saackhen – Steinhauer zu Bulgarn. Leipzig 1868.
 Band 9: Steinhaus – Zwierlein. Leipzig 1870.

Réimpressions
 1929/30, Verlag Degener & Co., Leipzig - réimpression inchangée
 1973, Maison d'édition Olms, Hildesheim, New York
 1995/96, maison d'édition de reproductions d'art Schmidt, Neustadt an der Aisch

Œuvre littéraire
Littérature de langue allemande
Noblesse allemande

Neues allgemeines deutsches Adels-Lexicon


Les élections législatives françaises de 1951 se tiennent le . Ce sont les deuxièmes élections législatives de la Quatrième République.

Mode de scrutin

Représentation proportionnelle plurinominale suivant la méthode du plus fort reste dans , conformément à la loi des apparentements : les listes qui se sont « apparentées » avant l'élection remportent tous les sièges de la circonscription si leurs voix ajoutées obtiennent la majorité absolue des suffrages exprimés. Il y a  à pourvoir.
Le vote préférentiel est admis.

Dans le département des Basses-Pyrénées, six députés sont à élire.

Élus

Résultats

Résultats à l'échelle du département

Les listes d'union républicaine (MRP-CNIP) et des français indépendants (app CNIP) se sont apparentées.
Leurs voix cumulées de chaque apparentement représentant moins de 50% des exprimés, les sièges sont répartis à la proportionnelle entre tous les partis.
Le score de l'apparentement est considéré comme celui d'une liste pour la répartition générale, ensuite la répartition interne des sièges entre apparentées se fait également à la proportionnelle.

Articles connexes
 Liste des circonscriptions législatives des Pyrénées-Atlantiques
 Liste des députés des Pyrénées-Atlantiques
 Élections législatives françaises de 1951

Notes et références

Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Législatives, 1951

Élections législatives de 1951 dans les Basses-Pyrénées


Moje popevke naziv je kompilacijskog albuma Arsena Dedića, objavljenoga 1986. godine. Na albumu se nalazi 16 pjesama (uglavnom na tekst Drage Britvića) koje su Dedić ili Gabi Novak izvodili na festivalima u Krapini. Album je reizdan 2007. u proširenom izdanju.

Popis pjesama

Vanjske poveznice
 Discogs: Moje popevke

Albumi Arsena Dedića
Albumi iz 1986.

Moje popevke


Lamia (, Lamía, ) is a city in central Greece. The city dates back to antiquity, and is today the capital of the regional unit of Phthiotis and of the Central Greece region (comprising five regional units). According to the 2011 census, the Municipality of Lamia has a population of 75,315 while Lamia itself has 52,006 inhabitants. The city is located on the slopes of Mount Othrys, near the river Spercheios. It serves as the agricultural center of a fertile rural and livestock area.

Name
One account says that the city was named after the mythological figure of Lamia, the daughter of Poseidon and queen of the Trachineans. Another holds that it is named after the Malians, the inhabitants of the surrounding area. In the Middle Ages, Lamia was called Zetounion (Ζητούνιον), a name first encountered in the 8th Ecumenical Council in 869. It was known as Girton under Frankish rule following the Fourth Crusade and later El Citó when it was controlled by the Catalan Company of mercenaries. In Turkish, it was sometimes called İzdin or İzzeddin. The city was also known as Zeitoun.

History

Archaeological excavations have shown the site of Lamia to have been inhabited since at least the Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC).

In antiquity, the city played an important role due to its strategic location, controlling the narrow coastal plain above Thermopylae that connected southern Greece with Thessaly and the rest of the Balkans. The city formed a polis (city-state). The city was therefore fortified in the 5th century BC, and was contested by the Macedonians, Thessalians and Aetolians until the Roman conquest in the early 2nd century BC. After Alexander the Great's death in 323 BC, the Athenians and other Greeks rebelled against Macedonian overlordship. Antipatros, the regent of Macedon, took refuge behind the substantial walls of the city (Lamian War, 323–322 BC). The war ended with the death of the Athenian general Leosthenes, and the arrival of a 20,000-strong Macedonian army. Lamia prospered afterwards, especially in the 3rd century BC under Aetolian hegemony, which came to an end when Manius Acilius Glabrio sacked the city in 190 BC.

Little is known of the city's history after. In Late Antiquity, the city was the seat of a bishop (attested since 431), suffragan of Larissa, but had declined to obscurity: for instance, it is not shown on the 5th-century Tabula Peutingeriana. Some archaeological remains from the period have been found in the Castle (the city's ancient acropolis), including a basilica, coins and marble inscriptions, while the walls of the Castle are thought to have been rebuilt under Justinian I in the 6th century. The Synecdemus of Hierocles includes Lamia among the 16 cities of the province of Thessaly.

The city was occupied by Slavs in the 7th century, and re-appears only in 869/70 under the name of Zetounion (Ζητοῦνιον), probably deriving from a Slavic word for "grain". The city played once more a role in the Byzantine–Bulgarian wars of the late 10th century due to its vicinity to Thermopylae: it was near the town that the Byzantine general Nikephoros Ouranos scored a crushing victory over Tsar Samuel of Bulgaria in the Battle of Spercheios in 997. The city was visited by Emperor Basil II in his triumphal journey to Greece in 1018, and in 1165, the Jewish traveller Benjamin of Tudela recorded 50 Jewish families in the city and of raids by the neighbouring Vlachs.

Following the Fourth Crusade (1204), the city was captured by the Frankish crusaders. Initially, it was given as a fief to the Knights Templar, who rebuilt its fortress. In 1209–10 the Templars were evicted due to their support to the rebellion of the Lombard barons of the Kingdom of Thessalonica. The Latin Emperor Henry of Flanders confiscated the city (and neighbouring Ravennika) and made it an imperial domain under a bailli, possibly Rainerio of Travale. Under Frankish rule, it was the seat of a Roman Catholic bishop (Dioecesis Sidoniensis or Cythoniensis), probably a suffragan of the Latin Archbishop of Neopatras. In , or shortly after 1223, the two towns were captured by the Epirote Greeks. Lamia remained in Greek hands until it was surrendered again to the Franks of the Duchy of Athens in 1275 as part of the dowry of Helena Angelina Komnene, daughter of John I Doukas, ruler of Thessaly. It thereby again became a Catholic see.

The Catalans held the city from 1318 until 1391, when it passed to the Acciaioli Dukes of Athens. The fortress was razed by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I in 1394. After the disastrous Battle of Ankara in 1402, the weakened Ottomans were forced to return some territories, including the region of Zetounion, to Byzantine rule. The Turks besieged the city for two years sometime before 1415, but the Byzantines resisted successfully. Sometime between 1424 and July 1426, however, the city had been once more conquered by the Turks. Apart from an attack by the troops of the Despotate of the Morea in 1444, which plundered the city, from then on the town remained under firm Ottoman control until it became part of the newly independent Kingdom of Greece in 1832. Until the annexation of Thessaly in 1881, it was a border city (the borders were drawn at a site known as "Taratsa" just north of Lamia).

Climate
Lamia has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa) with humid subtropical (Cfa) influences due to the lack of a distinct dry season. It has 4 distinct seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn. The cold and wet period lasts from late October to mid April and the warm, moderately dry period from mid April to late October, with transitional phases in between. The record lowest temperature ever in Lamia is , recorded in December 2001 and the record highest is  °C, recorded during the summer of 1973.

Landmarks

Lamia Castle, the city's fortified Acropolis
Platia Eleftherias (Freedom Square) - site of the towns independence day parade, and main cathedral. Also has many cafes with outdoor seating.
Platia Diakou (Diakos Square) - square containing the statue of Athanasios Diakos
Platia Parkou (Park Square)
Platia Laou (People's Square) - square featuring the statue of Aris Velouchiotis

Transport

Road
Highway 1 passes close to the city , while Central Greece Highway (Highway 3) is under construction , which will start south of Lamia. Interurban KTEL station serves transfers to and from Lamia.

Bus
The urban KTEL of the city serves the transport of the apartments and settlements of the Municipality of Lamia. Also, in Lamia there are several taxi "piazzas". City taxis are red. In addition, cycle paths operate within Lamia.

Rail
The city is served by Lamta railway station, with Regional services to Leianokladi and Stylida.

Air transport
Lamia Airport is located 2 kilometres from the Old Lamia-Athens National Road. The airport belongs to the Air Force and has no commercial or passenger traffic. It is used in emergency situations. The Aeroclub of Fthiotida also uses it for its activities.

Municipality
The municipality Lamia was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 5 former municipalities, that became municipal units:
Gorgopotamos
Lamia
Leianokladi (Lianokladi)
Pavliani
Ypati

The municipality has an area of 947.006 km2, the municipal unit 413.482 km2.

Education
Six departments of the University of Thessaly based in the city.

Historical population

Notable people

Athanasios Diakos (1788–1821) Greek military commander during the Greek War of Independence, died in Lamia
Dimitrios Giatzis (1891–1964) Army officer
Ioannis Paparrodou (1904–1941) Army Officer
Aris Velouchiotis (nom de guerre of Athanasios Klaras) (1905–1945), leader of the World War II guerrilla resistance (Greek People's Liberation Army)
Ilias Tsirimokos (1907–1968) politician, former Prime Minister of Greece
Thanos Leivaditis (1934–2005) actor and screenwriter
Dimitris Koutsoumpas (1955) General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece
Niki Bakoyianni (1968) high jumper (Olympic silver medalist)
Christos Staikouras (1973) economist, politician, New Democracy's Coordinator of Economic Affairs, Minister of Finance
 (1984) actress

International relations

Lamia is twinned with:
 Rzeszów, Poland
 Chioggia, Italy
 Mytilene, Greece
 Paphos, Cyprus

Sporting teams

Lamia has some sport clubs that play in the higher national divisions. For a period of one season, Lamia hosted the Athenian basketball club Panellinios B.C. The main clubs of Lamia are shown below.

Gallery

See also
University of Central Greece
List of settlements in Phthiotis
List of traditional Greek place names

References

Sources

Πάλλης, Γιώργος (2020). Από τη Λαμία στο Ζητούνι: Ανασυνθέτοντας μια μικρή βυζαντινή πόλη. Αθήνα: Gutenberg. .

External links
 Municipality of Lamia

Greek prefectural capitals
Greek regional capitals
Municipalities of Central Greece
Cities in ancient Greece
Catholic titular sees in Europe
Medieval sites in Central Greece
Achaea Phthiotis
Populated places in ancient Thessaly
Thessalian city-states
Populated places in Phthiotis

Lamia (city)


PG 0844+349 plus connu sous le nom de TON 951 est une galaxie spirale de type Seyfert 1, cette galaxie s'organise sous la forme d'une spirale, elle est aussi dotée d'un anneau galactique. TON 951 se situe dans la constellation du Lynx à plus de 881 millions années-lumière contenant un quasar très actif.

Découverte
PG 0844+349 a été découvert en 2009 par l'instrument SWIFT en 2000, le SWIFT l'a découverte lors d'une étude des galaxies actives et quasars dans le domaine des ondes radio.

Il sera réétudié par l'équipe de L. C. Gallo, D. Grupe, N. Schartel, S. Komossa, G. Miniutti, A. C. Fabian, M. Santos-Lleo, Saint Mary's Univ. avec le radiotélescope XMM-Newton.

Histoire
Parce que les quasars n'ont été reconnus qu'en 1963, la nature de cet objet était inconnue quand il a été observé pour la première fois, lors d'un recensement du bleu pâle émis par certaines étoiles (principalement des naines blanches) qui se situent à l'écart du plan de la Voie lactée. Sur des plaques photographiques prises avec l'objectif de  du télescope Schmidt à l'observatoire de Tonantzintla, au Mexique. il sera classé numéro 951 du catalogue de Tonantzintla.

 (Même cas que TON 618)

Caractéristiques
PG 0844+349 a d'abord été observé dans le domaine des rayons X par l'instrument SWIFT pour découvrir un immense jet de matière pris au début comme un bras galactique.

Depuis l'étude de l'instrument SWIFT le jet de matière a pu être mis en évidence, le SWIFT a relevé une intense activité visible dans le domaine des rayons X (2-10 keV), ondes radio, infrarouge, ultraviolet et gamma.

Lors de la ré-étude par le XMM-Newton pour trouver une irrégularité dans le rayonnement X et visible de PG 0844+349 (environ 25%), selon l'équipe travaillant avec le XMM-Newton cette irrégularité serait due au fait que le quasar central de PG 0844+349 tourne vite sur lui-même, entrainant son disque d'accrétion dans son ergosphère.

La masse estimée du trou noir central de PG 0844+349 serait de 21 380 000 masses solaires.

Notes et références

Galaxie de Seyfert
Constellation du Lynx
Galaxie de Markarian
Trou noir supermassif
Quasar

TON 951


Un prival (numit uneori și prăval) este o depresiune naturală de mică adâncime care face legătura între bălți sau între acestea și râuri; prin specializare se folosește la denumirea unei gârle care face legătura între brațele Dunării și depresiunile lacustre dintre brațe fluviului.

Referințe

Depresiuni

Prival


Blyth () is a town and civil parish in southeast Northumberland, England. It lies on the coast, to the south of the River Blyth and is approximately  northeast of Newcastle upon Tyne. It had a population of 37,339 in the 2011 Census.

The port of Blyth dates from the 12th century, but the development of the modern town only began in the first quarter of the 18th century. The main industries which helped the town prosper were coal mining and shipbuilding, with the salt trade, fishing, and the railways also playing an important role. These industries have largely vanished, but the port still thrives, receiving paper and pulp from Scandinavia for the newspaper industries of England and Scotland.

The town was seriously affected when its principal industries went into decline, and it has undergone much regeneration since the early 1990s. The Keel Row Shopping Centre, opened in 1991, brought major high street retailers to Blyth, and helped to revitalise the town centre. The market place has recently been re-developed, with the aim of attracting further investment to the town.

The Quayside has also seen much redevelopment and has been transformed into a peaceful open space, the centrepiece of which is a sculpture commemorating the industry that once thrived there. On the opposite side of the river are the nine wind turbines of the Blyth Harbour Wind Farm, which were constructed along the East Pier in 1992. They were joined in 2000 by Blyth Offshore Wind Farm, which consisted of two turbines situated  out to sea. These were the first two offshore wind turbines in the UK. These wind turbines were all decommissioned, with the final two being removed in 2019. A new wind farm further off the coast, composed of five turbines, was commissioned in 2017.

Blyth is also home to the non-League football club Blyth Spartans, famed for their 1978 "giant-killing" feats in the FA Cup.

History

The place-name Blyth is first attested in 1130 as Blida, and takes its name from the river Blyth. The river's name comes from the Old English adjective blīðe meaning 'gentle' or 'merry'. The town of Blyth is referred to as Blithmuth in 1236 and Blithemuth in 1250. Had this name persisted, the town would today be referred to as "Blythmouth", on the analogy of Tynemouth to the south.

Little is known of the early development of the Blyth area.  The oldest archaeological find is an antler hammer dating from the late Neolithic or early Bronze Age period, which was found at Newsham in 1979.
Human skulls, a spearhead and a sword dating from the Bronze Age were found in the river in 1890, as well as a bronze axe which was found at South Beach in 1993, and a dagger found at Newsham.  Although there is no conclusive evidence of a Roman presence in the area, an earthwork shown on early mapping of the area, at the location of present-day Freehold Street, is said to have been a Roman camp, but it has also been argued that it may be of Norsemen origin or date from the Civil War.  Debate also surrounds a mosaic which was found near Bath Terrace.  The strongest evidence so far has been a single coin, dating from the reign of the Emperor Constans (AD337–350), which was found during excavations for a dry dock. Also four Roman coins were found when digging an air raid shelter in a back garden on Chestnut Avenue.

Between the 12th and 18th centuries, there were several small settlements and some industrial activity in the area.  The principal industries during this period were coal mining, fishing and the salt trade.  Shipbuilding in the area dates from 1748.

The modern town of Blyth began to develop in the first quarter of the 18th century.  Up until 1716, the land around the Blyth area—the Newsham Estate—was owned by the Earls of Derwentwater, but when the third Earl, James Radclyffe, was executed for his part in the Jacobite rising of 1715, the land was forfeited to the crown.  On 11 July 1723, the Lordship of Newsham was put up for sale by the Commissioners of Forfeited Estates at their office in the Inner Temple, London.  The land was bought by Matthew White and his brother-in-law Richard Ridley.  From the 12th century, most port activities were on the north side of the river, but under White and Ridley the first new quays and houses were built on the south side, and from here the port began to prosper.  By 1730, a coaling quay, a ballast quay, a pilots' watch house and a lighthouse had all been built at Blyth harbour.  In 1765 the first breakwater was constructed, and in 1788 the first staith with an elevated loading point was erected.

Deep mines were sunk at Cowpen Colliery and Cowpen Square in 1796 and 1804 respectively, and by 1855, a quarter of a million tons of coal was being shipped from Blyth, rising to three million tons by 1900.  The only industry not to survive during this prosperous time was the salt trade, which was heavily taxed during the 18th and early-19th centuries.  During the Napoleonic Wars, the tax was increased to provide funds for the military and, even though the tax was abolished in 1825, the industry went into terminal decline.  Having had fourteen salt pans at the beginning of the 18th century, exporting over 1,000 tons of salt annually, Blyth's salt industry closed in 1876, with the destruction of the last salt pan.

At Easter in 1887, William Morris, the  poet and interior designer, met and addressed a considerable crowd of striking miners in the market square in Blyth. He spoke for about 40minutes and then led them  to Horton. They swelled the numbers there to around 6,0007,000 where Morris spoke again. They had been forced to take a 12.5% pay cut but according to The Newcastle Chronicle Morris said "But let them remember that they were many and the Masters few. Masters could only attack with a certain instrument and what was that instrument? A part of the working classes themselves"by which he meant the police.

From the mid-19th century, several important events occurred which allowed the port of Blyth to rapidly expand.  First, in 1847, a railway line was constructed, connecting Blyth to collieries at Seghill. In 1853, the Blyth Harbour and Docks Board was formed, then in 1858 the Harbour Act was passed allowing dredging of the harbour to begin.  In 1882, the formation of the Blyth Harbour Commission led to the building of new coal loading staiths, as well as the construction of the South Harbour.

As trade in Blyth continued to grow, so did the population.  Development of the Cowpen Quay and Waterloo areas began in about 1810 and 1815 respectively, and between the 1850s and 1890s major house building took place in these areas.  Blyth railway station, first built in 1847, was relocated in 1867 and rebuilt in 1896, to cope with the increase in goods and passenger traffic.  The 1890s saw the filling in of "the Slake" (also known as "the Flanker" or "the Gut").  The Slake was a tidal inlet which stretched south from the river, across the site of today's bus station, along the route of Beaconsfield Street, and on past Crofton Mill Pit.  Before it was filled in, it almost entirely separated Blyth from Cowpen—Waterloo Bridge providing the only main link.  Once it was removed, the two areas could combine and allow the town to begin to take its present form.  The town continued to expand in the 20th century; much large-scale house building took place in the 1920s and 1930s, and from the 1950s to the 1970s.

Industry in Blyth reached its peak in the first half of the 20th century.  At this time it boasted one of the largest shipbuilding yards on the North East coast, with five dry docks and four building slipways. During the First and Second World Wars, the Blyth shipyards built many ships for the Royal Navy including the first aircraft carrier, HMS Ark Royal in 1914.  Blyth also served as a submarine base during both wars.  By 1930, the port of Blyth was exporting 5.5 million tons of coal, and by the early 1960s, reached its peak with over six million tons.  Blyth A and Blyth B power stations, collectively known as Blyth Power Station, were opened in 1958 and 1962. Blyth A was the first power station in Britain to have 120 megawatt sets installed, while Blyth B was the first to be fitted with 275 megawatt sets.

During the 1960s, Blyth entered a period of steep decline.  Following the Beeching report, the railway into Blyth was closed in 1965; and in 1966, economic depression resulted in the closure of the shipyards.  As the demand for coal fell, due to the increasing use of oil, natural gas and nuclear power as energy sources, the following years saw the closure of many collieries in the area.  By the 1980s, the only one left in the town was Bates' Pit, which closed in 1986.  In January 2002, Blyth Power Station was closed and demolished in stages, and on 7 December 2003, its four chimneys were felled.

Governance

From around the first quarter of the 18th century, until November 1900, the land to the south of the River Blyth was known as South Blyth.  It was in the Parish of Earsdon and was run by the Parish Council until 1863, when the South Blyth Local Board was formed.  Under the Local Government Act of 1894, South Blyth Local Board became an Urban District Council, then in 1906 it was amalgamated with Cowpen Urban District Council to form Blyth Urban District Council.  On 21 September 1922, Blyth UDC became Blyth Municipal Borough Council, and in 1935 its southern boundary was moved south from Meggie's Burn to Seaton Burn.  Blyth MBC lasted until 1974, when it was amalgamated with Seaton Valley and Cramlington Urban District Councils, as well as part of Whitley Bay Urban District Council, to form Blyth Valley Borough Council.

Blyth was the administrative centre for the borough of Blyth Valley, until the borough was abolished in structural changes to local government on 1 April 2009.  Blyth Valley—which also included Cramlington and several villages—was 70 square kilometres in size and, according to the Registrar General's Population Estimate for mid-2005, it had a population of 81,600; this gives a population density of 1,166 people per square kilometre.  The two-tier local government of Northumberland County Council and Blyth Valley Borough Council has been replaced by a unitary authority for the county of Northumberland.  Blyth is situated in the parliament constituency of Blyth Valley, which shares its boundaries with the borough.  It is divided up into twenty wards, nine of which—Cowpen, Croft, Isabella, Kitty Brewster, Newsham and New Delaval, Plessey, South Beach, South Newsham, and Wensleydale—make up the town of Blyth.

Blyth is represented in the House of Commons, as part of the Blyth Valley constituency, by Ian Levy, a Conservative.

Blyth is twinned with Solingen, Germany. As part of Blyth Valley it was previously also twinned with Ratingen, Germany and Gelendzhik, Russia.

Geography
Blyth is on the coast of North East England, to the south of the River Blyth and is approximately  northeast of Newcastle upon Tyne and  north of Sunderland.  It is  east of Bedlington,  northeast of Cramlington,  south-southeast of Ashington and  south of Newbiggin-by-the-Sea.  On the north side of the river are the villages of East Sleekburn, Cambois and North Blyth and to the south of the town are the villages of New Hartley, Seaton Delaval and Seaton Sluice.  Some of Blyth's suburbs have origins which can be traced back much further than the town itself; Newsham, Bebside and Cowpen are all believed to have had habitation sites dating from the Romano-British, Saxon and Medieval periods, although most of the housing in these areas dates from the 19th and 20th centuries.  Also occupying the suburbs are several large housing estates; the Newsham Farm, South Beach and Solingen estates, and the Avenues were all developed during the 20th century.  In January 2005, the land in Blyth was made up of 61.87% green space, 11.95% domestic gardens, 8.23% road, 4.85% domestic buildings, 2.03% non-domestic buildings, and 11.07% other uses.

The geology of the area is made up of a carboniferous bedrock of sandstone, mudstone, and coal, which is covered mainly by boulder clay and till.

Climate
The climate in Northumberland is generally cool and dry.  Compared with the rest of the United Kingdom, the weather there is relatively stable, and extreme conditions, such as floods, droughts, or heatwaves, are rare.  Below are the average maximum and minimum temperatures, and average rainfall recorded between 1971 and 2000 at the Met Office weather station in Boulmer, which is around 33 kilometres (21 mi) north of Blyth.

The average maximum temperatures between April and October are around 1–2½ °C lower than the national average and the average minimum temperatures between May and August are around ½ °C below the national average; both the average maximum and minimum temperatures for the remainder of the year are about the same as the national average.  The average rainfall in Northumberland is well below the national average; 651 millimetres (26 in) was recorded at Boulmer, compared to 838 millimetres (33 in) for the whole of England.

Transport links
The main approach road to Blyth is the A189 Spine Road which is accessible from the A1 via the A19. The A193 is the main road through Blyth and leads to Bedlington to the west and North Tyneside to the south.  The other main route into Blyth is the A1061. Blyth bus station is located in Post Office Square in the town centre. Buses in Blyth are operated by Arriva North East and there are regular services to Newcastle as well as the other main towns in the south of Northumberland and the surrounding areas of Blyth. One service is operated by Go North East.

Blyth has no current passenger rail links – the nearest station is Cramlington (). Blyth railway station was closed on 2 November 1964 following the Beeching Report. There were also two small stations on the outskirts of the town, at Bebside and Newsham; they were closed to passenger services in 1956 and 1964 respectively.

The Northumberland Line project is reopening a passenger rail service to Newsham by 2024.

Port of Blyth

The Port of Blyth was first recorded from 1138, when monks at Newminster Abbey exported salt, having created it from pans on the north side of the river and evaporated using the copious supplies of local coal. Coal exports started from the 14th century, with local mines recorded from the 16th century. In 1609 21,571 tons of coal were shipped from Blyth. The first large quay – Bishop's Quay, which still exists today – was developed by 1682. But the port was not dredged at this time, necessitating the use of Northumbrian keel boats to transfer the loads to ships moored offshore. By 1730 specific coaling and ballast quays existed, and by 1765 the ports facilities included a pilot house and lighthouse, to facilitate the newly built first breakwater, North Dyke. The High Lighthouse came into operation soon afterwards, operating until July 1984.

The port expanded greatly in the 19th century, with the purchase of a steam tug in 1819, and the rebuilding of the breakwater in 1822. By this point, three ship building yards had also been established. The construction of the Blyth and Tyne Railway from 1849 allowed coal shipments to quickly expand, reaching 200,000 tons per annum. The Blyth Harbour and Dock Company was created in 1854, but with need for further expansion, it was replaced by a bill of parliament given Royal Assent on 19 June 1882, which constituted the current Blyth Harbour Commission. This allowed additional financing to be raised, for construction of the South Harbour.

By the 20th century, through connection via the London and North Eastern Railway which had leased large amounts of land throughout the port, Blyth had started the growth to become the Europe's largest coal export port, exporting 5.5M tonnes per year by the late 1930s. This was also supplemented by ship building, including the opening of a facility by Hughes, Bolckow and Co of Middlesbrough. Large scale shipbuilding had begun in 1811, and after passing through various hands, in 1880 the first two iron ships were built at Blyth for the Russian Government. This led to the foundation of the Blyth Shipbuilding Company on 2 March 1883, building cargo liners, tramp steamers and colliers. With a cargo ship under construction, in 1914 she was purchased by the Admiralty and converted into the Navy's first seaplane carrier . The company returned to commercial ship building, but collapsed in 1925. It was then revived from 1926, but after merger with other local yards and in light of the Wall Street Crash and resultant global recession, collapsed again in 1930. Reopened under its original name in 1937, it built various ships in preparation for and during WW2, including the former German cargo ship Hannover which was converted into the escort carrier . Owned by Mollers (Hong Kong) Ltd post-WW2, it then built cargo-liners for Moller's subsidiary the Lancashire Shipping Company. The construction yard closed in 1967, with only repair work and ship dismantling sustaining business until the yards were demolished in the late 1980s to make room for a paper and timber storage area.

After World War 2, whilst most ports began to quickly contract, Blyth was still a major facility through the 1960s, when coal exports reached over 6 M tonnes per year. However, with the closure Blyth's last ship builder in 1966, the port began a significant period of contraction. The employment slack was in part taken up by the construction of the coal-fired Blyth Power Station, located on the northern bank. of the river. The A Station with 480 megawatts (MW) of capacity first generated electricity in 1958, a year after the creation of the Central Electricity Generating Board, and the B Station with a capacity of 1,250 MW four years later. The power stations' four large chimneys were a landmark of the Northumberland skyline for over 40 years; the A Station's two chimneys each stood at ; the B Station's two chimneys were taller, at  each. They were operated by the successors of the CEGB, including National Power, following the privatisation of the UK's power industry. After their closure in 2001, the stations  were demolished over the course of two years, ending with the demolition of the stations' chimneys on 7 December 2003. The establishment of an Alcan aluminium smelting facility in the 1970s  north along the river slowed this decline, as did the import of paper from Finland.

In 1997, The Port established Transped, the ports packing business. It has since diversified into logistics areas including import and export packing, customer depot facilities, distribution and storage, ships agency and European and worldwide forwarding.

Today, the Port of Blyth handles up to 1.5 million tonnes of cargo, mainly containers and RoRo, and some limited volumes of bulk cargos. A2B, a Dutch container company, operate twice-weekly shipping services to the Netherlands in partnership with Transped connecting the port to Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

Economy

Industry and commerce
With the running down of the coal mining and shipbuilding industries, Blyth largely exists today as a dormitory town in the commuter belt serving Newcastle and North Tyneside.  However, its port still remains a major industry in the area, handling over 1.5 million tonnes of cargo annually.  Its main trades are forest products, such as paper, pulp and timber, unitised cargo (containers and RoRo), and the import of materials used in the production of aluminium.  It also handles the import of a variety of stones and metals.  A twice weekly container service between the port and Moerdijk, near Rotterdam, provides connections with the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, and France as well as South America and the Far East.  The port is operated by Port of Blyth, which is the operating division of Blyth Harbour Commission.  Port of Blyth is a trust port, which means that it is governed by its own local legislation under the control of an independent board; there are no shareholders and therefore no dividends to support, which allows any surplus to be reinvested in the port.

Energy

Renewables
Several renewable energy projects have been established in Blyth.  In 1992, Blyth Harbour Wind Farm was constructed along Blyth's East Pier.  Consisting of nine wind turbines and with a maximum capacity of 2.7 megawatts, it can provide enough electricity for over 1,500 homes.  It was joined in December 2000 by Blyth Offshore Wind Farm, which was composed of two turbines situated 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) out to sea. These was the UK's first two offshore wind turbines. At 2 megawatts each, they were also, when installed, the largest in the world. The wind farm was decommissioned in 2019 by plant owner E.ON. E.ON also commissioned 5 new wind turbines in 2017. These turbines produce 8.3 megawatts of power each, for a combined total of 41.5 megawatts, powering 36,000 homes.

The National Renewable Energy Centre (Narec) is one of five centres of excellence set up by the North East's regional development agency, One NorthEast.  It was established in 2002 and is based at Eddie Ferguson House, by the Quayside.  Its purpose is to develop and test new energy technologies and equipment that will assist in the transition to a low-carbon economy.

Proposed clean coal power station

On 11 May 2007, proposals for a £2 billion clean coal power station were announced by energy supplier RWE npower.  If the plans go ahead, it is estimated that 1,500 jobs will be created for the construction, with another 200 full-time staff required for the running of the plant, which would open in 2014 on the site of the old power station.  The development would see the installation of three 800 megawatt coal-fired units, which would generate enough energy to supply around 3.5 million homes.  These plans have, however, met some opposition; many residents living in the area feel that the land should be redeveloped for other purposes, rather than continue to be used as an industrial site.  The MP for Wansbeck, Denis Murphy, stated that, although the project would have benefits for the area, he still had concerns; Ronnie Campbell, the MP for Blyth Valley, claimed he would welcome the development as long as it did not have an adverse effect on the overall regeneration of the area.

Proposed gigafactory

In December 2020, Blyth was confirmed as the location for a new Britishvolt battery manufacturing plant. In July 2021, plans for the £2.6bn gigafactory employing 3,000 people were approved, with the new plant to be located on former coalyards adjacent to the now-demolished power station in Cambois, near Blyth. It will produce lithium-ion batteries for the automotive industry. Britishvolt appointed ISG as its construction partner who began work on clearing the site in late 2021. In January 2022, the UK government invested £100m in the Britishvolt project, alongside asset management company abrdn and its property investment arm Tritax, developing what was planned to be Britain's fourth largest building. However, construction work was halted in August 2022 amid funding concerns, with manufacturing now not set to start until mid-2025, more than a year later than initially planned. In January 2023, Britishvolt went into administration, and its factory site was put up for sale. In February, Australian firm Recharge Industries announced it had bought Britishvolt out of administration. The takeover related to Britishvolt's battery technology not the site, and in March, Northumberland County Council extended a buy-back clause on the Blyth site, giving Britishvolt's new owners more time to build the gigafactory. However, the negotiations dragged on into the summer of 2023, amid continued uncertainty surrounding the deal and the finances of Recharge's parent, Scale Facilitation.

Urban regeneration
Commercial developments in the town centre have also helped to revitalise Blyth.  Opened in 1991, the Keel Row Shopping Centre has brought many large high street retailers to the town.  Several streets and many derelict buildings, including the old council offices, were cleared away to make way for the development. Adjacent, is the thrice weekly market which is held on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays.  On 14 March 2009, the market was officially reopened following a £3 million refurbishment, which involved the installation of new paving, seating, lighting, and a water feature.  The centrepiece is an artwork by Simon Watkinson, named Hyperscope; the  stainless steel column incorporates lighting effects and represents the town's coal mining heritage and history as a wartime submarine base.  The aim of the refurbishment is to attract people to the market area when the market is closed, and to bring further investment to the town.  However, the project has received criticism; following approval of the proposals in June 2007, concern was raised by Councillor Alisdair Gibbs-Barton, who said that the market place was beginning to resemble a park, and that more trade should be being encouraged.  Following the reopening there were also claims that new stalls provided to market traders are unable to withstand adverse weather conditions, and that traders were being overcharged for stall space.

Employment
The closure of Blyth's male-dominated heavy industries during the latter half of the 20th century led to a shift towards more female-dominated light industries, many of which were based on the new Blyth and Kitty Brewster trading estates.  At the 2001 UK census, the industries of employment of residents of Blyth were 19.44% manufacturing, 16.82% retail, 11.82% health and social work, 8.83% construction, 8.58% public administration and defence, 8.33% real estate, 6.69% transport and communications, 5.23% education, 4.53% hotels and catering, 3.13% finance, 0.92% utilities, 0.66% agriculture and forestry, 0.65% mining and quarrying, 0.07% fishing, and 4.29% other industries.  The census showed that the economic activity of residents aged 16–74 was 39.35% in full-time employment, 11.82% in part-time employment, 4.65% self-employed, 5.37% unemployed, 1.57% economically active students, 3.02% economically inactive students, 14.42% retired, 6.89% looking after home or family, 9.69% permanently sick or disabled, and 3.23% economically inactive for other reasons.

Demography
Blyth is the largest town in Northumberland; at the 2011 UK census it had a population of 37,339. There were 16,961 households, of which 16,381 (96.6%) had at least one resident. For every 1000 females there were 948 males. The age distribution was 6.1% 0–4 years, 13.2% 5–15 years, 5.2% 16–19 years, 31.4% 20–44 years, 27.7% 45–64 years, and 16.3% 65 years and over. The average age of the population was 39.7 years. The ethnicity of the town was 98.4% white, 1.0% Asian, 0.5% mixed race, and <0.1% black; other ethnic groups made up the remaining 0.1%. The place of birth of residents was 97.6% United Kingdom, 0.1% Republic of Ireland, 1.0% other European countries, and the remainder being from other countries. Religion was recorded as 62.6% Christian, 0.4% Muslim, 0.2% Sikh, 0.1% Buddhist, 0.1% Hindu, and <0.1% Jewish. "Other religion" was stated by 0.4%, "no religion" was stated by 29.7% (up 16.7% since the 2001 census), and 6.6% did not state a religion. Passports were held by 74.2% of residents; 24.8% reported holding no passport. English was spoken as a main language by 98.8% of households.

{| class="wikitable" id="toc" cellspacing="3" style="float: right; margin-left: 2em"
|-
!United Kingdom Census 2001|2011 UK census||Blyth||Blyth Valley||England'|-align="center"
|Total population||37,339||82,174||53,012,456
|-align="center"
|Foreign born||2.4%||2.3%||13.8%
|-align="center"
|White||98.4%||98.7%||85.4%
|-align="center"
|Asian||1.0%||0.7%||7.8%
|-align="center"
|Christian||62.6%||64.9%||59.4%
|-align="center"
|Muslim||0.4%||0.3%||5.0%
|-align="center"
|No religion||13.0%||13.2%||24.7%
|-align="center"
|Over 65 years old||16.3%||17.1%||16.4%
|}

 Education
Like the rest of Northumberland, Blyth has a two-tier school system consisting of first and high schools.  The town currently has nine first schools and one high school (The Blyth Academy). Until 2009 it also had five middle schools, but these schools were closed as Northumberland County Council decided to switch to a two-tier system of primary and secondary schools.

The Blyth Academy is one of three high schools in Blyth Valley. Opened on 1 September 2000 as Blyth Community College following the amalgamation of Ridley (formerly Newlands) and Tynedale high schools and built on the site of the latter, it is designed to accommodate 1,450 pupils and also serves as a centre for lifelong learning classes. In the town centre is Northumberland College's Blyth centre, as well as the public library, which holds a large collection of local studies resources. As part of a "poverty proofing" initiative, St Wilfrid's Primary School banned pencil cases in 2018, as part of a charity initiative to avoid poorer pupils being viewed negatively for lacking designer goods.

Bede Academy, a school for children aged 3 to 18 sponsored by Sir Peter Vardy through the Emmanuel Schools Foundation, opened in September 2009. Bede Academy is built on the former grounds of Ridley High School (formerly Newlands).

The Dales School is a special needs school. In July 2021, it received a Class 144 train. In April 2019, Blyth won a government bid to establish a 80-place special school for children with specific learning difficulties. The proposed site is the former Princess Louise First School.

In October, Blyth was awarded government funding to establish mental health support teams in schools. The scheme, which requires the county's mental health services to see children within four weeks of referral, is planned to be rolled out by December 2020.

 Entertainment and leisure

 Events and venues
Held every July, the annual Blyth Town Summer Fair takes place in and around the market place and hosts many attractions, such as music performances, arts and crafts exhibitions, fairground rides, and children's entertainment.  The Blyth Town Christmas Fayre is also held in the market place and features a similar range of family entertainment.  Close to the town centre is an intimate, 299-seat theatre called the Phoenix Theatre. It presents a regular programme of professional performing arts to the local community and has successfully brought amateur and professional practitioners alongside each other to develop work for the community.  There were once four cinemas in Blyth, but the last of these, the Wallaw, closed in 2004. The others — The Central, The Essoldo, and The Roxy — all closed in the 1960s and 1970s.

 Sport and recreation
The town is home to the non-League football club, Blyth Spartans.  Founded in 1899, and play their home games at Croft Park.  They are notable for their "giant-killing" feats in the FA Cup, particularly those of the 1977–78 season, when they reached the fifth round.  The town's other non-League football club is Blyth Town, who were established in 1995 and play in the Wade Associates Northern Alliance Premier Division.  Also based in Blyth are Blyth Cricket Club and Blyth RFC. Blyth Cricket Club was formed in 1883 and presently compete in the Northumberland & Tyneside Cricket League Division 3. Blyth Cricket Club were Northumberland & Tyneside Cricket League Division 4 champions in the 2020 season and Northumberland Premier League champions in 2017.

Blyth Sports Centre offers a wide range of facilities including two swimming pools, a sports hall, squash courts, fitness suite, saunas, outdoor skate park, and more.  Blyth Golf Club is situated on the outskirts of the town at New Delaval, and has an 18-hole course with a par of 72. Royal Northumberland Yacht Club has its headquarters in the South Harbour.  RNYC offers crewing and sailing opportunities and is a Royal Yachting Association Training Centre for sail cruising and powerboating for its members.

 Parks and open spaces
Ridley Park was created on land handed over by Viscount Matthew White Ridley and was opened on 27 July 1904.  In June 2005, a £602,000 regeneration project was completed, which saw the installation of a children's water play area and upgrading of existing play facilities at the southern end of the park.  The Quayside is a stretch of the riverfront that was once a centre of Blyth's industry, where coal would be loaded from trains onto ships for export, but having undergone major redevelopment, it is now a clean and peaceful area.  Notable features of the Quayside include the "Spirit of the Staithes" sculpture and eleven "solar sound posts" which, when approached, replay pre-recorded stories relating to the port told by local people.

Blyth's largest and most natural open space is its beach and sand dunes, which stretch from the mouth of the river to Seaton Sluice.  The dunes were declared a Local Nature Reserve by Blyth Valley Borough Council in December 2003, and are also an area of Special Nature Conservation Interest.  They are notable for their diverse range of plant life, butterflies, moths, and birds, as well as being one of only two coastal locations in the country inhabited by both species of banded land snail—Cepaea nemoralis and Cepaea hortensis.

 Landmarks and places of interest

The "Spirit of the Staithes" sculpture on Blyth's Quayside was unveiled by Princess Anne on 28 May 2003.  As part of the overall regeneration of the Quayside, it was commissioned by Blyth Valley Council in conjunction with Northern Arts and created by the artist Simon Packard.  Standing 15 metres (50 ft) high and 7 metres (22 ft) wide, it represents the heritage of coal distribution in Europe, an industry in which Blyth was the largest exporter.

The "High Light" lighthouse is one of Blyth's oldest structures.  It stands to the rear of Bath Terrace and is  tall. Built in three stages, the first section was constructed in 1788 to a height of ; a further  was added in 1888, and the final  was added in 1900.  The original oil-fired lamp had a range of ; it was upgraded to gas in 1857 and electricity in 1932. Prior to land reclamation in the late 19th century, the lighthouse had been much closer to the quayside. At some stage it became the rear of a pair of leading lights, and known as the 'High Light'; the corresponding 'low light' has long since been demolished. Blyth High Light was deactivated in 1985 and listed Grade II on 15 July 1987.

Before their demolition, the four chimneys of Blyth Power Station dominated the landscape along the coast.  Two were  high, the other two were  high, and they were visible for many miles.

On the north side of the River Blyth are the remains of the railway coal staithes which featured in the chase scene at the end of the 1971 film Get Carter'', starring Michael Caine.

Notable people
Mark Knopfler, singer of Dire Straits, grew up in Blyth
David Knopfler, guitarist of Dire Straits, brother of Mark
Dan Burn, Newcastle United football player.
Macaulay Gillesphey, Plymouth Argyle football player.
Jean Heywood, actress

See also
Blyth Shipbuilding Company
Headway Arts
Wellesley Nautical School

References

Printed sources and further reading

External links

Blyth Town Council Website

Towns in Northumberland
Ports and harbours of Northumberland
Port cities and towns of the North Sea
Populated coastal places in Northumberland
Royal Navy submarine bases
Civil parishes in Northumberland

Blyth, Northumberland


IRIX, Sistem V tabanlı ve BSD eklentili UNIX İşletim Sistemi'dir. Silicon Graphics (SGI) tarafından 32 ve 64-bitlik MIPS mimarili kendi iş istasyonları ve sunucularında kullanılmak üzere geliştirilmiştir. UNIX tabanlı olması sayesinde çok uzun çalışma sürelerine çıkabilir. Kullandığı XFS dosya sistemi günlüklü dosya sistemlerinin en gelişmişlerinden biri olarak kabul edilir.

IRIX özellikle 3D grafikler, video ve yüksek bant yığın veri transferlerine büyük destek sağlar. IRIX masaüstü ortamı için GUI sağlayan ilk UNIX tabanlı işletim sistemleri arasındadır. Çok gelişmiş 3D grafik desteği sayesinde bilgisayar canlandırması ve bilimsel görselleştirme alanlarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır.

Dış bağlantılar
 SGI IRIX tanıtım sayfası

İşletim sistemleri
Durdurulan işletim sistemleri

IRIX


Ánimas Trujano es un municipio del estado de Oaxaca.

Toponimia
El origen del topónimo del municipio proviene del nombre del antiguo barrio del mismo nombre, la historia cuenta que este barrio inicialmente solo se llamaba Ánimas después se le agregó Trujano, ya que en tiempos de la Independencia de México el insurgente Valerio Trujano (perteneciente a las fuerzas de José María Morelos y Pavón) llegó con sus fuerzas a la población y se les dio posada. Poco tiempo después de marcharse llegó la noticia de que fue asesinado por las tropas de la Corona Española al tratar de rescatar a su hijo que había sido hecho preso, en honor a este heroico combatiente de la guerra de independencia se agregó su apellido Trujano. al nombre del municipio.

Geografía
El municipio de Ánimas Trujano se encuentra ubicado en la zona metropolitana de Oaxaca, cuenta con una extensión territorial de 6.70 km², ubicado en las coordenadas  colinda al norte con el municipio de San Agustín de las Juntas y el municipio de Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, al sur con Santa María Coyotepec, al este con San Agustín de las Juntas y Santa María Coyotepec y al oeste con Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán.

Población
La población registrada en el censo de población y vivienda de 2010 realizada por el INEGI fue de 3,759 habitantes de los cuales 1,786 son hombres y 1,973 son mujeres.

Principales asentamientos

Economía
Las principales actividades económicas son el comercio y el turismo.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Municipios del estado de Oaxaca
Distrito Centro
Municipios epónimos de Valerio Trujano

Municipio de Ánimas Trujano


Sergei Lwowitsch Tabatschnikow, (, englisch Sergei Tabachnikov, auch Serge Tabachnikov; * 1956) ist ein in den USA lehrender russischer Mathematiker, der sich mit Geometrie und dynamischen Systemen beschäftigt.

Tabatschnikow studierte Mathematik an der Moskauer Staatlichen Pädagogischen Hochschule, wo er 1978 seinen Abschluss machte und dann zwei Jahre an einer Mathematik-Spezialschule unterrichtete. 1979 bis 1988 war er Assistenzprofessor und Programmkoordinator an der von Israel Gelfand initiierten Korrespondenz-Schule für Mathematik an der Lomonossow-Universität. 1987 wurde er an der Lomonossow-Universität bei Dmitry Fuchs und Anatoli Fomenko promoviert (Geometrical applications of the cohomology of infinite dimensional Lie algebras). 1990 ging er in die USA, wo er Associate Professor und später Professor an der University of Arkansas wurde. Ab 2000 war er Professor an der Pennsylvania State University, wo er Direktor im MASS Programm ist. Er war unter anderem Gastwissenschaftler am IHES, dem MSRI, dem Mathematischen Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach, dem Isaac Newton Institute, dem Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik in Bonn und der Universität Tel Aviv.

Tabatschnikow befasst sich vor allem mit geometrischen Fragestellungen, von Differentialtopologie, Knoten, Geometrie von Liegruppen, projektiver Differentialgeometrie, Blätterungen, Kontaktgeometrie, symplektischer Geometrie bis zu klassischen Problemen wie dem Schließungssatz von Poncelet, sowie mit dynamischen Systemen wie Billiards.

Er war 1988 bis 1990 Leiter der Mathematik-Redaktion im russischen populärwissenschaftlichen Magazin Kvant, für das er auch viele Artikel verfasste.

Er ist Fellow der American Mathematical Society.

Schriften
Geometry and Billiards, American Mathematical Society 2005
mit Dmitry Fuchs Ein Schaubild der Mathematik: 30 Vorlesungen über Klassische Mathematik, Springer Verlag 2011 (englisches Original: Mathematical Omnibus. 30 Lectures on classical mathematics, American Mathematical Society 2007)
mit Valentin Ovsienko Projective differential geometry old and new: from the Schwarzian derivative to the cohomology of diffeomorphism groups, Cambridge University Press 2004
Herausgeber verschiedener Bände von Übersetzungen von Artikeln aus der russischen populärwissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift Kvant bei der American Mathematical Society (Kvant Selecta)
Polynome, Moskau 1996 (russisch)
Herausgeber Differential and symplectic topology of knots and curves, American Mathematical Society 1999
Proofs (not) from the book, Mathematical Intelligencer, 2014, Nr. 2

Weblinks
Homepage

Einzelnachweise

Mathematiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (University of Arkansas)
Hochschullehrer (Penn State)
Fellow der American Mathematical Society
Sowjetbürger
Russe
Geboren 1956
Mann

Sergei Lwowitsch Tabatschnikow


Der Große Preis von Österreich 2001 (offiziell Grosser A1 Preis von Österreich 2001) fand am 13. Mai auf dem A1-Ring in Spielberg statt und war das sechste Rennen der Formel-1-Weltmeisterschaft 2001.

Berichte

Hintergrund
Nach dem Großen Preis von Spanien führte Michael Schumacher in der Fahrerwertung mit acht Punkten vor David Coulthard und mit 22 Punkten vor Rubens Barrichello. In der Konstrukteurswertung führte Ferrari mit 18 Punkten vor McLaren-Mercedes und mit 32 Punkten vor Williams-BMW.

Mit Mika Häkkinen (zweimal), Eddie Irvine und Jacques Villeneuve (jeweils einmal) traten drei ehemalige Sieger zu diesem Grand Prix an.

Training
Im ersten freien Training fuhr Coulthard die schnellste Runde, gefolgt von seinem Teamkollegen Häkkinen sowie Barrichello. Auch im zweiten freien Training war Coulthard der Schnellste. Zweitschnellster war Michael Schumacher vor Barrichello.

Qualifying
Im Qualifying sicherte sich Michael Schumacher mit einer Rundenzeit von 1:09,562 Minuten die Pole-Position. Zweiter wurde Juan Pablo Montoya, gefolgt von Ralf Schumacher.

Warm Up
Im Warm Up waren die beiden McLaren-Piloten die Schnellsten. Häkkinen war mit einer Zeit von 1:11,647 Minuten genau 0,118 Sekunden schneller als sein Teamkollege Coulthard. Die drittschnellste Zeit fuhr Heinz-Harald Frentzen im Jordan.

Rennen

Der Vorstart in die Einführungsrunde verlief bei allen Piloten problemlos. Beim Start ins Rennen blieben allerdings vier Fahrer stehen: Häkkinen, Nick Heidfeld, sowie beide Jordan-Fahrer Jarno Trulli und Heinz-Harald Frentzen. Um die Start-Ziel-Gerade frei zu machen, schob man die Boliden zunächst in die Boxengasse. Frentzen musste sein Rennen in der Box aufgeben. Trulli, Heidfeld und Häkkinen gelang es, das Rennen wieder aufzunehmen, Häkkinen gab allerdings nach einer Runde mit technischen Problemen auf. Trulli verließ die Box, während die Boxenampel noch auf Rot stand und wurde in Runde 14 disqualifiziert.

An der Spitze des Feldes kam es beim Start zu Positionsveränderungen. Beide Williams-Piloten überholten Michael Schumacher. Aufgrund der liegengebliebenen Fahrzeuge wurde das Safety-Car herausgeschickt. Es führte Montoya vor Ralf Schumacher, Michael Schumacher, Barrichello und Coulthard. Irvine gelang ein guter Start von Position 13, nach einer Runde lag er bereits auf dem sechsten Platz.

Beim Restart nach der dritten Runde gelang es dem Arrows-Pilot Jos Verstappen, die sechste Position von Irvine zu übernehmen. Michael Schumacher übte indes Druck auf seinen vor ihm fahrenden Bruder aus. Verstappen schloss nach seinem Überholmanöver schnell auf Coulthard auf und überholte diesen in Runde vier.

In Runde sechs war Verstappen auch an Barrichello herangefahren und versuchte mehrmals, ihn zu überholen. Währenddessen gelang es den beiden Führenden, sich vom Feld abzusetzen. Der inzwischen auf Position acht fahrende Irvine war unter Druck von den beiden BAR-Piloten Olivier Panis und Villeneuve sowie dem zweiten Arrows-Piloten Enrique Bernoldi. Panis überholte Irvine in der siebten Runde und setzte sich anschließend ab. Auch Enrique Bernoldi überholte Irvine eine Runde später. Als Villeneuve einen Überholversuch startete, drehte er sich und verlor mehrere Positionen.

In Runde zehn fuhr Ralf Schumacher auf Position zwei liegend in die Boxengasse. Über den Boxenfunk gab er an, dass ein Weiterfahren aufgrund von Bremsproblemen für ihn zu unsicher sei.

Währenddessen fuhren die ersten Vier des Rennens dicht beieinander. Coulthard und Kimi Räikkönen dahinter fuhren schneller und waren in der Lage aufzuschließen.

Nach mehreren Überholversuchen von Schumacher gab es in Runde 15 eine Beinahekollision mit Montoya, als Schumacher auf der Außenbahn zum Überholen ansetzte. Beide rutschten neben die Ideallinie und wurden von den Verfolgern überholt. Schumacher fuhr nach diesem Manöver auf Position sechs, Montoya auf sieben.

Während Bernoldi seinen Boliden in Runde 17 an der Box abstellte, fuhr Michael Schumacher die schnellsten Rundenzeiten und schloss schnell auf Panis auf – überholen konnte er ihn allerdings nicht.

In Runde 23 kam Verstappen als Erster der Führenden an die Box. Eine Runde später machte Panis einen Fahrfehler, Schumacher konnte an ihm vorbeifahren und auf Räikkönen aufschließen, welchen er in Runde 27 überholte.

Nach 30 Runden führte Barrichello vor Coulthard, Michael Schumacher, Räikkönen, Panis und Montoya.

In Runde 36 ging Montoya an Panis vorbei. Sechs Runden später wurde sein Williams aber plötzlich langsamer, er gab kurz darauf das Rennen auf. Die drei Erstplatzierten schoben sich zusammen – zwischen Barrichello und Schumacher lagen nur zwei Sekunden.

In Runde 45 kam Schumacher als erster der Spitzengruppe an die Box. Eine Runde später fuhr Barrichello zu seinem einzigen Boxenstopp und kam vor seinem Teamkollegen wieder auf die Strecke zurück. Coulthard fuhr nun schnellere Zeiten als die Ferrari-Piloten, in Runde 48 sogar die schnellste Runde des Rennens und ging drei Runden nach Barrichello an die Box. Der herausgefahrene Vorsprung reichte aus, um die Führung nach seinem Stopp zu behaupten.

Somit führte Coulthard nach den Boxenstopps vor Barrichello, Schumacher, Räikkönen, Panis und Verstappen. Acht Runden vor dem Ziel schied Jenson Button mit einem Motorschaden aus. Eine Runde vor dem Ziel bekam Barrichello vom Ferrari-Teamchef Jean Todt die Anweisung: "Let Michael pass for the championship" über den Boxenfunk, der Funkspruch wurde live im Fernsehen übertragen. Barrichello leistete der Anweisung Folge und überließ Schumacher den zweiten Platz, indem er auf der Zielgeraden langsam fuhr.

Coulthard gewann das Rennen somit vor Michael Schumacher und Barrichello. Die restlichen Punkte gingen an Räikkönen, Panis und Verstappen.

In der Fahrerwertung konnte Coulthard den Abstand zu Michael Schumacher wieder verkürzen. Barrichello blieb Dritter. In der Konstrukteurswertung blieben die ersten drei Positionen unverändert.

Meldeliste

Klassifikationen

Qualifying

Rennen

Anmerkungen

WM-Stände nach dem Rennen
Die ersten sechs des Rennens bekamen 10, 6, 4, 3, 2 bzw. 1 Punkt(e).

Fahrerwertung

Konstrukteurswertung

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Wochenendstatistiken bei Motorsport-Total.com

2001
Osterreich
Sportveranstaltung in Spielberg (Steiermark)
Red Bull Ring

Großer Preis von Österreich 2001


Peter Reinhard Hansen (født 15. juni 1968 i Sorø) er en dansk økonom. Han er professor i økonomi ved University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill i USA. Hans forskningsområde er økonometri.

Han har gået i skole på Sorø Akademi og studerede derefter matematik-økonomi på Københavns Universitet, hvor han blev cand.scient.oecon. i 1995. Derefter tog han i 2000 en Ph.D.-grad i USA ved University of California, San Diego. 2000-2004 var han adjunkt ved Brown University, 2004-2012 adjunkt ved Stanford University og 2011-2016 professor ved European University Institute i Firenze. Fra 2016 har han været professor ved University of North Carolina. Han forsker bl.a. indenfor volatilitet og kointegration.

Han er storebror til den tidligere verdensmester i roning Trine Hansen.

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger

 Peter Reinhard Hansens hjemmeside

Økonomer fra Danmark
Personer fra Sorø

Peter Reinhard Hansen


Syntomidopsis este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Arctiidae.

Cladograma conform Catalogue of Life:

Referințe

Legături externe

Syntomidopsis

Syntomidopsis


Le citrate de triammonium est le sel de l'acide citrique composé de trois cations ammonium, de formule C6H17N3O7.

Il est utilisé en tant qu'additif alimentaire sous le numéro E380.

Notes et références

ammonium,tri
Composé de l'ammonium
Additif alimentaire

Citrate de triammonium


Heinrichsbach ist der Name  folgender Gewässer:

 Heinrichsbach (Lichtenau), rechter Zufluss der Lichtenau in Mehlis, Stadt Zella-Mehlis, Landkreis Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Thüringen
 Heinrichsbach (Saar), linker Zufluss der Saar vor Fremersdorf, Gemeinde Rehlingen-Siersburg, Landkreis Saarlouis, Saarland
 Heinrichsbach (Wachenbach), linker Zufluss des Wachenbachs (zur Hafenlohr) an der Alten Wagenmühle, Gemeinde Esselbach, Landkreis Main-Spessart, Bayern

Siehe auch:
 Heinrichsgraben

Heinrichsbach


Der Mühlenberg nahe Heiligenrode im nordhessischen Landkreis Kassel und kleinen Flankenteilen im südniedersächsischen Landkreis Göttingen ist ein  hoher Vorberg des Kaufunger Waldes; naturräumlich gehört er zum Kasseler Becken.

Geographie

Lage
Der Mühlenberg liegt innerhalb der Westvorberge des Kaufunger Waldes im Staatsforst Oberkaufungen. Im Nordwesten des Geo-Naturparks Frau-Holle-Land (Werratal.Meißner.Kaufunger Wald) befindet er sich zwischen Uschlag im Norden und Dahlheim im Nordosten (beide zur Gemeinde Staufenberg, Landkreis Göttingen) sowie Nieste im Osten, Kaufungen im Süden und dem Niestetaler Gemeindeteil Heiligenrode im Westsüdwesten (alle drei im Landkreis Kassel). Der Berg gehört größtenteils zur nordhessischen Gemeinde Niestetal; nur ein Teil seiner Ostflanke, einiges unterhalb des Gipfels bis hinab zur Nieste, zählt zur südniedersächsischen Gemeinde Staufenberg. Sein östlicher Nachbar ist der etwa 1,25 km entfernte Gerholdsberg (ca. ; Ort der einstigen Burg Sensenstein).

Nordöstlich, nördlich und nordwestlich vorbei am Mühlenberg fließt durch Dalheim und Uschlag der etwa in Ost-West-Richtung verlaufende Fulda-Zufluss Nieste. Rund 1 km südsüdöstlich vom Gipfel entspringt der Losse-Zufluss Diebachsgraben.

Direkt östlich des Mühlenbergs liegt im Übergangsbereich zum Gerholdsberg ein Zipfel des Landschaftsschutzgebiets Weserbergland-Kaufunger Wald (CDDA-Nr. 325317; 1989 ausgewiesen; 285,018 km² groß).

Naturräumliche Zuordnung
Der Mühlenberg gehört in der naturräumlichen Haupteinheitengruppe Westhessisches Bergland (Westhessisches Berg- und Senkenland; Nr. 34) und in der Haupteinheit Westhessische Senke (343) zum Osten der Untereinheit Kasseler Becken (343.3).

Bergbeschreibung
Die Mühlenbergkuppe sowie seine Nord- und Westflanke sind bewaldet. Die übrigen Bergteile sind, abgesehen des beim Gut Windhausen (auf der Südflanke des Bergs) gelegenen Wäldchens des Germanischen Garten von Schloss Windhausen, unbewaldet und werden landwirtschaftlich genutzt. Am Berghang, in Richtung der Nieste, gab es im Mittelalter Eisenbergwerke, vier Pingenfelder, in denen Eisenerz abgebaut wurde. Mehr in Kuppennähe befinden sich auf der Süd- und Westflanke des Bergs einige aus der Bronzezeit stammende Hügelgräber.

Verkehrsanbindung
Über die südlichen Hochlagen des Mühlenbergs führt in West-Ost-Richtung die Kreisstraße 4 (Heiligenrode–Nieste). Auf diese stößt etwa 1 km südsüdwestlich der Bergkuppe und etwas nördlich vom Gut Windhausen auf  Höhe die aus Richtung Süden von Niederkaufungen im Lossetal kommende K 5 – mit etwas oberhalb davon befindlichem Wandererparkplatz. Durch das nördliche Niestetal verläuft vom westlichen Heiligenrode kommend die hessische Landesstraße 5, die in die niedersächsische und durch Uschlag und Dalheim führende L 563 übergeht.

Wandern
Von vorgenannten Straßen zweigen Feld-, Forst-, Wald- und Wanderwege ab, die um und auf den Mühlenberg führen. Rund um die Bergkuppe verläuft der Eco Pfad Archäologie Sensenstein. Über die West-, Nord- und Ostflanke des Bergs führt, sich den Weg mit einem Abschnitt des Eco Pfad teilend, der Herkulesweg, der weiter östlich den Märchenlandweg kreuzt.

Einzelnachweise

Berg im Landkreis Kassel
Niestetal

Mühlenberg (Kaufunger Wald)