Ringforts, ring forts or ring fortresses are circular fortified settlements that were mostly built during the Bronze Age up to about the year 1000. They are found in Northern Europe, especially in Ireland. There are also many in South Wales and in Cornwall, where they are called rounds. Ringforts come in many sizes and may be made of stone or earth. Earthen ringforts would have been marked by a circular rampart (a bank and ditch), often with a stakewall. Both stone and earthen ringforts would generally have had at least one building inside.

Distribution

Ireland
In Irish language sources they are known by a number of names:  (anglicised rath, also Welsh rath),  (anglicised lis; cognate with Cornish ),  (anglicised cashel),  (anglicised caher or cahir; cognate with Welsh , Cornish and Breton ) and  (anglicised dun or doon; cognate with Welsh and Cornish ). The  and  was an earthen ringfort; the  being the enclosing bank and the  being the open space within. The  and  was a stone ringfort. The term  was usually used for any stronghold of importance, which may or may not be ring-shaped.

In Ireland, over 40,000 sites have been identified as ringforts and it is thought that at least 50,000 ringforts existed on the island. They are common throughout the country, with a mean density of just over one ringfort within any area of . It is likely that many have been destroyed by farming and urbanisation. However, many hitherto unknown ringforts have been found thanks to early Ordnance Survey maps, aerial photography, and the archaeological work that has accompanied road-building.

England and Wales
In Cornwall, parts of Devon, and south Wales, enclosed settlements share many characteristics with their Irish counterparts, including the circular shape and  (), and their continuing occupation from the Iron Age into the early medieval period; the form later influencing the distinctive circular shell-keeps found across the medieval Severnside region. Few Cornish examples have been archaeologically excavated, with the exception of Trethurgy Rounds.

Scandinavia
Hillforts are also known from Scandinavia, of which nineteen can be found on the Swedish island of Öland alone.

These hillforts are not to be confused with Viking ring fortresses, of which seven are known from Denmark and southern Sweden, all from around 980 in the Viking Age. The Viking forts all share a strikingly similar design and are collectively referred to as Trelleborgs, after the first excavated fortress of that type in 1936. All the Viking ring fortresses are believed to have been built within a very short timeframe, during the reign of Harold Bluetooth, but for yet unknown military purposes. They might have served as boot camps for Sweyn Forkbeard's men before his invasion of England in 1013.

Chronology

The debate on chronology is primarily a result of the huge number of ringforts and the failure of any other form of settlement site to survive to modern times in any great quantity from the period before the Early Christian period or from Gaelic Ireland after the Anglo-Norman arrival. Three general theories mark the debate on the chronology of Irish ringforts; firstly the theory that wishes to date ringforts back into the Iron Age period; secondly, the theory that seeks to see the continuation of ringfort habitation into the Later Medieval and even the Modern Period; finally, the more common and generally accepted theory that ringforts were a product of the second half of the first millennium, a theory which has been given greater definition by Matthew Stout in recent years. According to the authoritative New History of Ireland (2005), "archaeologists are agreed that the vast bulk of them are the farm enclosures of the well-to-do of early medieval Ireland".

Theories

The theories that the ringfort either pre- or post-dates the Early Middle Ages in Ireland, are both based on essentially the same premise, as is highlighted here by Tadhg O'Keefe in relation to the latter argument:

Dating from the Iron Age
The conjecture that ringforts can be seen to have evolved from and be part of an Iron Age tradition has been expanded by Darren Limbert. This hypothesis is based on a number of re-interpretations of the available evidence, as well as concern over the available evidence. As only a small portion of ringforts have undergone total excavation, and the fact that these excavations have not taken place on anything like a national level, the evidence is insufficient to place all ringforts and the origins of them within the Early Christian period.

Limbert argues instead, that the ringfort should be seen in the context of a variety of similar developments in Britain and the European Continent, particularly in Iberia and Gaul. While conceding that most ringforts were built in the Early Christian period, he suggests a link between the arrival of Eóganachta dynasty in Munster c. 400 AD, and the introduction of ringforts. In support of this he notes that: "The other major Eoganachta ringforts [other than Cashel] of Ballycatten, Garranes and possibly Garryduff, despite limited stratigraphic discernment, have produced artefacts of ambiguously early origins. Also, their defensive nature,... supports an intrusion of a Celtic warrior caste..." The similarity with South Welsh 'raths' and Cornish 'rounds'  suggests a degree of cultural interaction between Western British and Irish populations, however differences in dates of occupation mean this cannot be confirmed.

On the island of Öland, Sweden, nineteen ringforts have been identified, including Eketorp, a site that has been completely excavated and that one may visit. Currently, excavations are ongoing at Sandby borg, which was the site of a massacre in the 5th century A.D.

It is also possible that the Hill of Tara is an early type of ringfort.

Use continuing into the Later Medieval period
At the opposite end of the spectrum to this, the argument has been put forward to suggest that ringforts were in use, if not being built in the Later Medieval and possibly Early Modern period in Gaelic Ireland. This argument is primarily two-fold, ringforts were gradually converted into what would more generally be considered as mottes today, and there is some slight and contentious archaeological evidence that points to the habitation and construction of obvious ringforts in this later medieval period.

From a morphological viewpoint, and probably also from the view of the contemporary person, there is little to distinguish a ringfort from a small earthwork castle or motte. Indeed, in a number of cases it would appear that either the Normans converted existing ringforts into the basis of the future construction of mottes and earthworks, or that the Gaelic Irish, through the use of raised raths, sought to emulate the Norman example. Some L Plan Castles, such as Balingarry Castle in Ireland originated as ringforts.

This theory is supported by a number of excavations, most notably the results of the Castleskreen II excavation, and the raised raths at Piper's Fort, and Ballyfounder, County Limerick, which seem to have been converted into mottes in the case of Castleskreen II or in the later cases, built in imitation of such constructions. If one were to accept a defensive function for ringforts, it would seem that after the introduction of more complex forms of defensive structures into Ireland this would naturally lead to the use of ringforts and raised raths in a manner analogous to the contemporary Norman buildings.

7th to 10th centuries
While it would seem probable that some ringforts may have seen continuation in the Later Medieval period as adapted or imitation mottes it seems doubtful if the continuation that ringforts were still being built on a more general scale throughout the country, and the evidence put forward for such a theory would appear quite slim. The excavations which support such a theory, most notably Rynne's excavation at Shannon Airport of Garrynamona which is suggestive of a 15th-century ringfort being constructed, have failed to win any form of widespread popular acceptance.

The most common theory however is that ringforts are the product of the later half of the first millennium, a theory that has generally been supported by the excavated evidence of the period, and one that has seen remarkable if slightly ambitious definition from Matthew Stout. In his work The Irish Ringfort, Stout has sought to use the radiocarbon and dendrochronological dates from 114 ringforts and associated sites to find an overall date pattern for the use of ringforts; and through this has placed over half of all ringforts in the period 540 AD to 884 AD with two-thirds falling within the 600 AD to 900 AD period. While this method has brought the dating of the ringfort phase of Irish history to an ever more accurate level, certain problems do exist with his analysis. Firstly, as he notes himself, the research is overly biased towards Ulster (64% of dated sites were from Ulster), and the dates come from a very small sample of sites relative to the total number of ringforts. Finally, Stout's use of radiocarbon dating is to one standard deviation, which means that there is an approximately one third chance that the data offered is inaccurate by up to 100 years on either side. Yet despite these difficulties, Stout's analysis has to a large extent brought a degree of finality to the debate of the dating and use of ringforts, with it being more or less certain that the vast majority were probably occupied and constructed in the second half of the first millennium. His analysis is further supported by Gerald of Wales who commented that ringforts in Ireland, were known as Daneforts, and that they had been abandoned by the late 12th century when he was in Ireland.

Function

In agriculture
It has traditionally been understood that the ringfort was a dispersed farmstead, the home of a free man and his family and the centre of a mixed agricultural economy to a large extent dominated by cattle. A medieval Irish law text describes a prosperous farmer -  in Old Irish - as having a dwelling house, a sheep-pen, a calf-pen and a pig-sty - it would seem that these were all within the ring-fort.

Evidence suggests that not all ringforts were farmsteads, but rather that ringforts appeared to have fulfilled a variety of other functions as well. The most celebrated example of this is Garryduff II in County Cork. This ringfort which is overlooked and in close proximity to another larger ringfort, Garryduff I, has provided archaeologists with no evidence of habitation or settlement, and the pre-eminent theory at the moment is that this ringfort was possibly used as an enclosure for livestock.

However, this interpretation is still the most commonly held in academic, archaeological and popular debate, although pollen studies and other evidence have greatly modified the traditional view of the dominance of livestock as opposed to arable farming in early medieval Ireland, making it clear that cereal production was much more important than once thought in the Early Medieval period.

In industry
Other sites have provided evidence that ringforts may not have principally been farmsteads, but rather had a more diverse and significant role in the economy. A good example of this is provided by the large, tri-vallate ringfort in Garannes, County Cork, which offers no evidence for habitation or settlement but provides a great deal of evidence to suggest that the site had an industrial nature.  Furthermore, the finds of continental pottery at the site, suggests that the site was trading with the continent and/or may have been acting as a gateway centre for similar high status goods into the local economy. Both Garannes, and especially Garryduff II, highlight the other roles that ringforts may have had in early Christian Ireland. While it would seem that most ringforts fitted the traditional explanation as farmsteads, that should not be used as a blanket explanation. A number of other functions for many of the surviving ringforts, such as those outlined above and possibly other settlement functions, still need to be considered.

In defence
A ringfort is a defensive feature that would appear to be obvious both from the name with the defensive implications that fort implies, and also from the generally understood morphological definition of the ringfort, with the banks and fosse been commonly seen as defensive. Indeed, in S. Ó Ríordáin's common morphological definition, he refers to the banks and fosses of the ringfort as defences.

One presumes that the ringfort had a defensive aspect, and in a cattle-dominated society it is generally argued that the purpose of the ringfort was to provide protection to a small community and their livestock during a 'hit and run' raid for cattle, the idea being that the ringfort would provide adequate defence for a small period of time. This theory is strengthened by the idea of 'visual territories' which operates from the assumption that all ringfort in a region were probably occupied contemporarily, and that in a particular area one ringfort would be in the sight of at least one other neighbouring ringfort so that if one ringfort were attacked, relief would possibly come from a neighbouring one. Furthermore, a number of aspects of the generally circular nature of the ringfort highlight the defensive advantages, most notably that a circle as a shape "offered broad perspectives of approaching attackers and allowed the maximum area to be enclosed relative to the length of the bank constructed."

In aristocracy
While defence may be expanded as the modern day explanation for the surrounding banks of a ringfort, this was not the contemporary explanation, rather the explanations forthcoming from the Early Christian texts stress the importance and role of the banks in signifying nobility, kingship and authority. This relationship can be quite clearly seen in the following extract from the Críth Gablach:

As can be seen from the above text, the relationship between the banks of a ringfort and vassalage is quite clear. With the argument being that the more elaborate the ringfort, usually in the forms of multiple outlying banks, the higher the status of the occupant. This emphasis on status in the function of the ringfort over that of defence would explain a number of defensive weaknesses of the ringfort. Banks, or multiples of them, would not appear to offer the best return to their builders for their defensive value in comparison to a fence or a hedge. Also, few of the ringforts where buildings have been found inside, would be able to survive a night with a herd of cattle brought inside the ringfort. Furthermore, little effort would appear to have been expended on the upkeep of ditches and fosses to prevent decay and silting.  Another key difficulty with viewing the ringfort primarily as a defensive unit is the general lack of ability to fight out from the ringforts, from the top of the banks.

Legends and folklore concerning ringforts and rounds

The materials used to construct ringforts frequently disintegrated over time. Tradition associated their circular remains with fairies and leprechauns, and they were called "fairy forts". Castle Pencaire on Tregonning Hill was regarded as the abode of giants. Chun Castle in Morvah is related as the home of the giant Denbras who is buried by the character Tom at Chun Quoit from oral folklore recorded by William Bottrell published 1870.
Kelly Rounds (Castle Kilibury) in Triggshire is often proposed as the location of King Arthur's Celliwig, known from the Welsh poem Pa Gwr yw y Porthawr? and described in the 11th century Culhwch and Olwen.
Castle Dore is often proposed as the court of King Mark (Mergh Cunomor / Marcus Cunomorus) in the romance Drustan hac Yseult, the doomed hero sailing the seas from Brittany to Ireland to seek his love.

List of notable ringforts

Ireland
Cahercommaun (Cathair Chomáin) – ringfort/promontory fort
Caherconnell (Cathair Chonaill)
Caherconree (Cathair Conraoi) – ringfort/promontory fort
Caherdaniel (Cathair Dónall)
Dún Aonghasa – ringfort/promontory fort
Dún Dúchathair – ringfort/promontory fort
Grianán Ailigh
Leacanabuaile
Lisnagade (Lios na gCead)
Mooghaun (An Múchán)
Mount Sandel Fort (Cill Santail)
Staigue (An Stéig)

The royal sites of Ireland are also sometimes called ringforts, although their role seems to have been mainly ceremonial. They include:
Cruachan
Dún Ailinne
Navan Fort (Eamhain Mhacha)
Tara (Teamhair)
Tlachta
Tullahoge (Tulaigh Óg)

Cornwall (Cornish rounds)
 Caer Bran
 Carlidnack
 Castle an Dinas
 Castle Dore
 Chûn Castle
 Helsbury Castle
 Kelly Rounds
 Penventinnie Round – well preserved circular fort
 Prideaux (Pridias)
 Tregonning – rounds associated with circular hillfort
 Trethurgy – an excavated round
Warbstow Bury - regarded as 'one of the largest and best preserved multivallate hillforts' in Cornwall English heritage Report
 Cadson Bury, Callington – often associated with the Arthurian Celliwig

Denmark (Viking ring fortresses)
Aggersborg
Fyrkat
Nonnebakken
Trelleborg (Slagelse)

Sweden
Eketorp
Ismantorp
Sandby borg - site of a preserved massacre

Germany
Ringwall of Burg
Ringwall of Otzenhausen

Estonia
Valjala Stronghold
Varbola Stronghold

See also

Notes

References
 "New History", Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí ed. (2005). A New History of Ireland: Prehistoric and early Ireland, (Volume 1 of series), Oxford University Press,

Further reading/sources
 GF Barrett and BJ Graham, Some considerations concerning the dating and distribution of Ring-Forts in Ireland in Ulster Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 38., 1975 pp. 33–45
 Michelle Comber, Trade and Communication Networks in Early Historic Ireland in The Journal of Archaeology, X, 2001
 Nancy Edward, The archaeology of early medieval Ireland, Batsford, London, 1996
 PJ Graham & LJ Proudfoot, An Historical Geography of Ireland, Academic Press, London, 1993
 Darren Limbert, Irish Ringforts: A review of their Origins in Archaeological Journal, 153, 1996, pp. 243–289
 CJ Lynn Some Early Ringforts and crannógs in The Journal of Irish Archaeology, I, 1983, p. 47–58
 Eoin MacNeill Ancient Irish Law : The Law of Status or Franchise" in the Royal Irish Academy, Volume XXXVI, C, 1923 pp. 365–316
 JP Mallory & TE McNeill, The Archaeology of Ulster from Colonisation to Plantation, Institute of Irish Studies, Belfast, 1991
 Tadhg O'Keefe, Medieval Ireland – An archaeology, Tempus, Gloucestershire, 2000
 MJ O'Kelly, Two Ringforts at Garryduff, Co. Cork in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 63C, 1962 pp. 17–125
 SP Ó Ríordáin The excavation of a large Earthen Ringfort at Garranes, Co. Cork in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 47C, 1942, pp. 77–150
 Matthew Stout, Early Christian Ireland: Settlement and environment in A History of Settlement in Ireland, TB Barry (ed), London, 2000, pp. 81–109
 Matthew Stout, The Irish Ringfort, Four Court Press, Dublin, 1997
 Aiden O'Sullivan, Finbar McCormick, Thomas R. Kerr, and Lorcan Harney, Early Medieval Ireland AD 400-1100: The Evidence from Archaeological Excavations'', Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, 2013, 2014.

External links

 Details of archaeological excavations in Ireland
 Information on Ringforts in the Burren Ireland
 A glossary of field monuments (in Ireland)

Fortifications by type
Archaeology of Ireland
Forts in Ireland
Archaeology of Wales
Prehistoric Ireland

Ringfort


Jose Alberto Larco nació en Alghero, Italia, en 1830; arribó al Perú en 1838 para trabajar con su tío Francisco Larco, en Lima. Fue promotor del Hospital Italiano de Lima, Presidente fundador del Banco Italiano y alcalde de Distrito de Miraflores. Falleció en su ciudad natal en 1900.

Origen

La familia Larco tiene su origen en Santa Margarita Ligure, en Rapallo, a 39 km de Liguria.

Historia

En 1872, los dos hermanos alquilaron la hacienda Chiquitoy de 1250 fanegadas, ubicada en el valle de Chicama. Al expandir considerablemente las 200 fanegadas que el anterior locatario de la hacienda dedicaba a la caña de azúcar, cosecharon dividendos que utilizaron en 1878 para comprar las haciendas Tulape y Cepeda y en el arrendamiento del fundo Mocollope, en el valle de Chicama. Rafael Larco tomó la administración de Chiquitoy mientras que Andrés Larco rebautizó las haciendas Tulape y Cepeda, como Roma.

Durante la guerra del Pacífico Rafael Larco fue coronel de Reservas, y sus negocios fueron sacudidos económicamente, pero gracias a sus lazos con la firma inglesa Graham & Rowe, pudieron salir de la crisis al cese de las hostilidades.

En la década siguiente los Larco adquirieron o alquilaron ocho haciendas grandes que incorporaron a la llamada Roma. Las nuevas tierras duplicaron la extensión de ésta de 2,000 a 4,000 fanegadas. Durante la década de 1890 continuaron expandiéndose, aunque el negocio familiar se había dividido en dos ramas en 1888. Esta división ocurrió a la muerte de Rafael en 1882. La liquidación final de su legado entregó la hacienda Roma a su hermano Andrés, mientras que la hacienda Chiquitoy fue destinada a la viuda de Rafael y a sus seis hijos que formaron la firma Viuda de Larco e Hijos. Víctor Larco Herrera, hijo mayor de Rafael Larco, asumió la administración de esta nueva firma.

En 1901 hubo una crisis en las familias terratenientes. La firma Viuda de Larco e Hijos liquidó ese año a causa de las disputas que sobre la administración del negocio se habían ido encendiendo durante varios años entre Víctor, el administrador de la firma, y Rafael, un hermano menor a quien se le había confiado la administración de la hacienda Chiclín. El convenio resultante dio los derechos de la renta de Chiquitoy a Víctor, mientras que las haciendas Chiclín y Molino de Bracamonte fueron a la viuda y los restantes cinco hijos, con Rafael que asumió la dirección de la nueva firma.

Posteriormente, ese mismo año, Víctor Larco Herrera compró la hacienda Roma a su tío Andrés Larco, convirtiéndose en el mayor terrateniente del valle de Chicama.

En 1921 Víctor Larco tuvo dificultades económicas. Presionado por las huelgas de los trabajadores, decretó un aumento general de salarios de aproximadamente el 33%. Al notar que no tenía los fondos para cumplir dicho aumento, Larco rescindió dicho aumento. La noticia de la reducción de salarios fue muy mal tomada por los trabajadores quienes iniciaron una huelga que echó a perder la capacidad de producción de la hacienda, su respuesta fue con el uso de la fuerza. Al fallar está técnica, Víctor Larco decidió cerrar el ingenio de la hacienda, y procesar la caña de Roma en el ingenio de Casa Grande (propiedad de la familia Gildemeister) así como despedir a muchos obreros participantes de la huelga, la cual se quebró en 1922 con la participación de la tropa, pero el daño económico que le causó a Larco fue considerable y quebró en 1927 viéndose obligado a vender sus propiedades a Casa Grande.

Larco (familia)
Personas de Cerdeña
Alcaldes de Miraflores

José A. Larco


Olaylar

Doğumlar
 2 Nisan - Şarlman, Frank ve Lombard kralı (ö. 814)

Ölümler
 Kutluk Yabgu Kağan, II. Doğu Göktürk Kağanlığı'nın son kağanlarından

742


Lewis A. Swift (February 29, 1820 – January 5, 1913) was an American astronomer who discovered 13 comets and 1,248 previously uncatalogued nebulae. Only William Herschel discovered more nebulae visually.

Discoveries
Swift discovered or co-discovered a number of comets, including periodic comets 11P/Tempel-Swift-LINEAR, 64P/Swift-Gehrels, and 109P/Swift-Tuttle (parent body of the Perseids meteor shower). He also discovered comets C/1877 G2, C/1878 N1, C/1879 M1, C/1881 J1, C/1881 W1, C/1892 E1, D/1895 Q1 (also known as D/Swift, whose debris stream Mariner 4 probably encountered on September 15, 1967), C/1896 G1 and C/1899 E1, and co-discovered C/1883 D1 (Brooks-Swift). Note, however, comet 54P/de Vico-Swift-NEAT was discovered by his son Edward D. Swift rather than by him.

He discovered his last comet at the age of 79. He was one of the few people to see Comet Halley at two of its appearances, 76 years apart (see also: External Link).

In 1878 he believed he had observed two Vulcan-type planets (planets within the orbit of Mercury), but he was mistaken.

Apart from comets, he also discovered hundreds of nebulae, such as IC 289, and galaxies, such as NGC 6, NGC 19 and NGC 27. He independently observed NGC 17, leading to its separate listing in the New General Catalogue as NGC 34.

Life
According to Swift, he first became interested in astronomy as young boy after observing the Great Comet of 1843 while on his way to school in Clarkson, New York.  His teacher initially dismissed his observation, but three days later the 'discovery' of the comet was announced.

Swift conducted his early observations in Rochester, NY, 'lain out in the snow' in an alley on Ambrose Street or on the roof of Duffy's Cider Mill.  Later he gained a patron in the Rochester patent medicine businessman Hulbert Harrington Warner, who financed the building of an observatory for Swift. A fund of $13,000 was raised to purchase a 16-inch telescope for Swift.

Warner went bankrupt in the Panic of 1893, which ended his financial support, and Swift then went to California to become director of Mount Lowe Observatory, taking the 16 inch telescope with him.

He was married twice, first to Lucretia Hunt in 1850 and then to Carrie D. Topping in 1864. Edward D. Swift was his son by the latter wife.

Honors
Swift received an honorary Ph.D. from the University of Rochester in 1879.

Swift received more medals than any other astronomer of his time including three made of gold from the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, four made of bronze from the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, and the Laplace Medal from the Société astronomique de France (the French Astronomical Society).  In 1897 he was the first person awarded the Jackson-Gwilt Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society.

The asteroid 5035 Swift is named in his honour, as is the lunar crater Swift.

Footnotes

External links

 The Story of Lewis Swift
 Lewis Swift (Photos)
 L. Swift @ Astrophysics Data System

1820 births
1913 deaths
19th-century  American  astronomers
20th-century  American astronomers
Discoverers of comets
People from Clarkson, New York
University of Rochester alumni
Scientists from New York (state)
Recipients of the Lalande Prize

Lewis A. Swift


علي رضا عسكري. (1 نوفمبر 1952 - 28 ديسمبر 2010)عمل «عسكري» كنائب لوزير الدفاع الإيراني لمدة 8 سنوات وحتى عام 2005

لغز اختفاءه

اختفى «على رضا عسكري» بينما كان في زيارة لتركيا عام 2007 في طريقه من دمشق إلى إيران. ولم تكن إسطنبول على جدول زيارات عسكري لذلك فقد نشرت بعض الصحف ان عسكري قد هرب من إيران وربما لأمريكا.

بينما إيران تعتقد بضلوع المخابرات الأمريكية السي أي أيه والموساد الإسرائيلي في اختفاؤه أو اختطافه. فالرجل لديه معلومات مهمة عن البرنامج النووي الإيراني كما انه حلقة الوصل والتنسيق بين الحرس الثوري وحزب الله وسوريا. وبصفته نائب لوزير الدفاع فلديه معلومات مهمه عن الدور الإيراني في العراق. ولذلك فإيران تعتبر الرجل كنز معلومات مهم للمخابرات الأمريكية والإسرائيليه

من جهتها تعكف السلطات التركية على حل لغز اختفاء عسكري في محاولة لاثبات أن اراضيها ليست مرتعا للمخابرات الأمريكية والإسرائيليه. وهذه ليست المرة الأولى التي تظهر فيها تركيا في مظهر الضعيف في السيطرة على اراضيها في مواجهة المخابرات الأمريكية. فالتقارير الصحفية تتهم تركيا بتوفير البيئة المناسبة للمخابرات الأمريكية للتحقيق مع مطلوبين داخل سجونها أو بقيام نقلهم في طائرات باستخدام الأراضي التركية.

من ناحية أخرى يؤكد داني توم رئيس الموساد السابق بأن العملية هروب إلى أمريكا وليست اختطاف.

زوجته

«زيبا الأحمدي» قامت بالاعتصام امام السفارة التركية في إيران متهمه إسرائيل باختطاف زوجها ومذكره بضرورة كشف غموض عملية الاختطاف

وفاته
في 28 ديسمبر 2010، وأولام Tikun (بلوق) وذكرت أن مصدر مقرب سرية إلى إسرائيل الدفاع ايهود باراك أكد أن عسكري قد انتحر في سجن ايالون قبل أسبوعين. وقد بلوق كما لاحظ تقرير هاارتس نشرت وفي التاريخ نفسه، الذي اعترف بقتل سجين أمني «من أجل إسكاته»، بينما في الاسر. وبالنظر إلى أن حلقة كاملة وبموجب أمر هفوة، كان من الصعب على وسائل الاعلام الإسرائيلية أن يقدم تقريرا عن ذلك صراحة. ادعى Tikun أولام ولكن على أساس هذه الأدلة، من المرجح أن أصغري قد قتلوا على يد قوات الأمن أثناء وجوده في سجن ايالون. وسائل الإعلام الإيرانية [53] [54] كما أفادت ببيانات الدفاع الإيراني وزارات الخارجية التي كان قد توفي في سجن إسرائيلي. وكان أصغري 58 سنة.

المصادر

http://www.al-mahmoud.net/pro1/art/wrd/31748

http://www.asharqalawsat.com/details.asp?section=4&article=498318&issueno=10970

أشخاص لم تذكر تاريخ الوفاة
أشخاص من اردستان
إيرانيون
سياسيون إيرانيون
مواليد 1372 هـ
مواليد 1952
مواليد في مقاطعة أردستان
وفيات 1432 هـ
وفيات 2010

علي رضا عسكري


La Carretera de Nebraska 98, y abreviada NE 98 (en inglés: Nebraska Highway 98) es una carretera estatal estadounidense ubicada en el estado de Nebraska. La carretera inicia en el Oeste desde la  en Pierce hacia el Este en la  oeste de Wayne. La carretera tiene una longitud de 32,8 km (20.36 mi).

Mantenimiento
Al igual que las autopistas interestatales, y las rutas federales y el resto de carreteras estatales, la Carretera de Nebraska 98 es administrada y mantenida por el Departamento de Carreteras de Nebraska por sus siglas en inglés NDOR.

Cruces
La Carretera de Nebraska 98 es atravesada principalmente por la  este de Pierce.

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Página oficial de NDOR

 Lista de Autopistas por estado
 Lista de sitios web de carreteras para cada estado

Carreteras estatales de Nebraska

Carretera de Nebraska 98


Aderus martapuranus é uma espécie de inseto besouro da família Aderidae. Foi descrita cientificamente por Maurice Pic em 1914.

Distribuição geográfica
Habita na ilha de Bornéu.

Referências

martapuranus
Fauna do Bornéu
Insetos descritos em 1914
Espécies descritas por Maurice Pic

Aderus martapuranus


Annemette Ruth (født 1955) er Danmarks første kvindelige kommandør i Søværnet. Hun er Ridder af 1. grad af Dannebrogsordenen og har fået Kommandørkorset af Dannebrogsordenen. På grund af hendes indsats for mangfoldighed i forsvaret, er hun hædret med Forsvarsministerens Medalje.

Karriere
Ruth ønskede at være søofficer som sin far, så hun søgte optagelse i Søværnet i 1976. Til optagelsesprøven til hvad længe havde været et mandefag, skulle der tages en psykologtest. Psykologen forstod ikke hende motivation for optagelsen, og sagde til hende, "Enten er du lesbisk, eller også lider du af mangel på kønsidentifikation". Ruth blev optaget i Søværnet i 1976 som den første kvinde på A-linjen på Søværnets Officersskole, og hun dimitterede i 1981.

Ruth havde ikke som barn eller ung oplevet diskrimination på grund af sit køn, men det ændrede sig, da hun kom i søværnet. Der var mange ting, der pludselig var svære eller umulige, udelukkede fordi hun var kvinde. Tøjet var ikke beregnet til kvinder, og hun måtte ikke bære samme uniform som mændene. Hun måtte ikke sove i samme bygning som de drenge, hun var i deling med, og hun måtte ikke komme ud at sejle, fordi hun var kvinde. I Søværnet er en tradition for, at man bærer sabel, når man bliver udnævnt officer. Ruth fik en dolk, ikke en sabel, idet man sagde, at "kvinder ville bare skvatte". Hun måtte heller ikke bære den kasket, som de mandlige officerer bar ved udnævnelsen, fordi den var "ukvindelig". Ruth oplevede også diskriminerende adfærd fra flere mænd i militæret, blandt andet en skibschef der sagde til hende, "Premierløjtnant Ruth, jeg befinder mig ikke godt i Deres selskab. Kvinder er ikke nogen man arbejder sammen med, det er nogen man kurtiserer". Ruth siger selv, at det påvirkede hendes selvværd i en del år efter uddannelsen, at hun var blevet behandlet som "et andenrangs menneske" på grund af sit køn.

Det var ikke det at være den første kvinde, der var vigtigt for Ruth, men det at hun fik mulighed for at tage den uddannelse i Søværnet, som hun gerne vil have.

Ruth kom til tops i Søværnet og har blandt andet arbejdet med strategisk ledelse og udvikling og organisationsudvikling og forandringsledelse. Annemette Ruth har hele sin karriere arbejdet for at få flere kvinder ind i Søværnet, og har aktivt arbejdet med ligebehandling, herunder især af kvinder i forsvaret og kønsbestemt krænkende adfærd.

Hædersbevisninger
 Forsvarets Medalje for international tjeneste, 2012
 NATO medaljen, ISAF 2012
 Forsvarsministerens Medalje for sin indsats for mangfoldighed i forsvaret, 2011
 Kommandørkorset af Dannebrogsordenen, 2010
 Ridder af 1. grad af Dannebrogsordenen, 2006
 Ridder af Dannebrogordenen, 2000
 Hæderstegnet for god Tjeneste i Søetaten, 2001
 Gerners Medalje, 1981

Kilder

Riddere af 1. grad af Dannebrog
Søofficerer fra Danmark

Annemette Ruth


Artesa es un recipiente cuadrilongo con forma de tronco de pirámide invertida, con rebordes opcionales —o incluso mango— en uno o dos de sus lados. El modelo de madera se ha utilizado durante siglos para amasar el pan y en otras labores culinarias.

Denominación
Su incierto origen etimológico se ha relacionado con el término griego Άρτος (artos: pan).

Según qué zonas geográficas, la artesa es sinónimo de pila o pileta, batea, cajón e incluso tina. Como gamella, designa también los abrevaderos y comederos del ganado, cajones para fregar y lavar, y todo receptáculo rectangular que se va estrechando hacia el fondo. La artesa, en albañilería, se conoce como cuezo o gaveta, al pequeño recipiente cuadrado, antes de madera y luego de goma o plástico, en el que se prepara el mortero (masa de cemento) en pequeñas cantidades que no requieren  hormigonera. También, en las vinaterías, el barcal o madero barcal, era la artesa en que se colocaban las vasijas de medir el vino y que iba recogiendo el líquido derramado en el proceso de medida y envasado.

Usos
La mecanización en los obradores de repostería, las nuevas tecnologías en los hornos de pan y la masificación del mercado han relegado a la artesa a un uso de reciclaje en mobiliario (las de madera para mesas y decoración) y en jardinería (grandes jardineras).

Otros significados
 También se denomina artesa al coladero labrado en piedra para el metal fundido (de forma circular con un ancho canal de salida).
 En heráldica, figura en el blasón del apellido catalán artessa.
 En poesía, Pablo Neruda en su soneto XXXVI de Cien sonetos de amor (1959), empieza así: "Corazón mío, reina del apio y de la artesa...".
 En música de percusión, se utiliza en algunos estados de México como base rítmica del son de artesa o son de tarima.

Véase también
 Cedazo
 Dornillo
 Pan
 Son de artesa
 Tortura de artesa

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Utensilios de cocina
Artesas

Artesa (recipiente)


Rhodora. Journal of the New England Botanical Club, (abreviado Rhodora), es una revista con descripciones botánicas que es editada por New England Botanical Club desde el año 1899.

En su publicación continua desde 1899, esta revista se dedica principalmente a la botánica de América del Norte y acepta artículos científicos y notas relacionadas con la sistemática, florística, la ecología, la paleobotánica, o biología de la conservación de esta o regiones florística relacionadas. Rhodora se emite cuatro veces al año, por lo general por un total de 450 páginas impresas al año.

Dr. Elizabeth Farnsworth es el redactor jefe de Rhodora y el Dr. Antonieta P. Hartgerink el administrador. Melissa Dow Cullina es Editor de Botanists' Corner.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Descripción en IPNI

Revistas de botánica

Rhodora


L'Empreinte de la justice () est un documentaire de 1976 réalisé par Marcel Ophüls, consacré aux atrocités commises en temps de guerre. On y voit Joan Baez, Karl Dönitz, Hermann Göring, Hans-Joachim Kulenkampff, Yehudi Menuhin, Albert Speer et Telford Taylor.

Fiche technique

 Titre : L'Empreinte de la justice
 Réalisateur : Marcel Ophüls
 Photographie : Michael J. Davis
 Montage : Inge Behrens
 Producteurs : Ana Carrigan, Hamilton Fish V, Sanford Lieberson, Max Palevsky, David Puttnam
 Société de distribution : Paramount Pictures

Commentaires
Le film est inspiré par le livre de Telford Taylor Nuremberg and Vietnam: An American Tragedy. L'auteur est longuement interviewé et Ophuls utilise le livre comme point de départ de sa réflexion : comment des êtres humains peuvent-ils en juger d'autres, en tenant compte de la responsabilité collective et des comportements documentés dans d'autres contextes. Le film avance que tout groupe détenteur du pouvoir est capable de commettre des crimes de guerre.

La genèse du film a été compliquée. Le projet était initialement financé, au printemps 1973, par la BBC, Polytel et une société privée basée à Londre, Vissual Programme Systems (VPS). Cette dernière souhaitait que le film se focalise sur les agissements des États-Unis au Viet-Nam et sur ceux de la France en Algérie. Au premier montage, VPS, considérant qu'Ophuls se concentrait trop sur le procès de Nuremberg et le rôle des Nazis, tenta de l'écarter du projet en tant que réalisateur. Hamilton Fish V rassembla alors un groupe d'investisseurs qui put racheter les droits à VPS, permettant à Ophuls de terminer le film.

Le film fut présenté au festival de Cannes en 1976, mais n'intégra pas la sélection officielle.

L'Empreinte de la Justice fut restauré par l'Academy Film Archive en 2015. La version restaurée fut présentée au Toronto International Film Festival en septembre 2015 et au BFI London Film Festival en octobre 2015.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film français sorti en 1976
Film allemand sorti en 1976
Film américain sorti en 1976
Film britannique sorti en 1976
Film réalisé par Marcel Ophüls
Film documentaire français
Film documentaire américain
Film documentaire allemand
Film documentaire britannique
Film suisse en noir et blanc
Film allemand en noir et blanc
Film documentaire sur des crimes de guerre

L'Empreinte de la justice


Pilsener hace referencia a varios artículos:

Gentilicio
Pilsener es el gentilicio de la ciudad checa de Pilsen.

Cervezas
Pilsener: tipo de cerveza elaborada originalmente en la ciudad de Pilsen.
Pilsener : marca de cerveza salvadoreña.
Pilsener: fue, hasta 1978, el nombre de marca de cerveza chilena hoy conocida como Cristal.

Véase también
Pilsen (desambiguación)

Pilsener (desambiguación)


Das Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater bestand von 1970 bis 1984 und spielte als Wandertheater selbst geschriebene Stücke, die sich mit der Arbeitswelt von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen beschäftigten. Ursprünglich als politisch ambitionierte Initiative Theater Dortmund um den Studenten Kurt Eichler gegründet, entwickelte sich die Initiative innerhalb weniger Jahre zu einem der bekanntesten Lehrlingstheater der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Als gesellschaftliches Phänomen gehört es zur Lehrlingsbewegung der 1970er-Jahre. Außerdem zählt es zu den ersten freien Theatern des Ruhrgebiets überhaupt.

Stücke
Das Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater produzierte insgesamt acht eigene Stücke, hinzu kam die Mitwirkung an den Revuen Vorwärts und nicht vergessen der Kultur Kooperative Ruhr 1976/1977 und Kollegen, packt an! der IG Metall 1980/81.

Der große Beschiß
Das erste Stück thematisiert die Entwicklung des Schulabgängers Erwin zum kritischen Lehrling, der lernt, dass nur durch Solidarität aller Lehrlinge die Zustände verändert werden können. Es wurde am 29. Januar 1972 im Freizeitzentrum West uraufgeführt, die letzte von zwanzig Aufführungen erfolgte am 15. September 1975 im Fritz-Henßler-Haus.

Klassenkampf!

Am Beispiel des 1972 geänderten Betriebsverfassungsgesetzes und seiner Umsetzung in den Alltag eines Betriebs bringt das Stück die Botschaft auf die Bühne, Staat und Unternehmer arbeiteten Hand in Hand zur "Unterdrückung der großen Masse der arbeitenden Bevölkerung". Zwischen dem 7. Dezember 1972 und dem 26. Juni 1973 wurde das Stück, das aus fünf Szenen sowie einem Vor- und einem Nachspiel besteht, siebenmal aufgeführt.

1. Mai 1929
Das historisch angelegte 1.-Mai-Stück nach dem Roman Barrikaden am Wedding von Klaus Neukrantz wurde nur einmal aufgeführt, am 27. April 1973 im Freizeitzentrum West.

Alle Räder stehen still
Am 9. Oktober 1973 führte das Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater dieses Stück zum ersten Mal bei einer Veranstaltung der Dortmunder Volkshochschule auf, die offizielle Premiere fand am 29. November 1973 ebenfalls in Dortmund statt. Es war das erste Stück des Theaters, das anhaltenden Publikumserfolg erlebte: 41 Aufführungen zwischen Oktober 1973 und Dezember 1974 (sowie zwei Aufführungen des Stücks im Jahr 1975) belegen eine intensive Nachfrage. Das Stück war das bis dahin umfangreichste und textlich intensivst ausgearbeitete. Nach dem Muster einer Familiengeschichte erzählt es die Geschichte eines spontanen, erfolgreich beendeten Streiks bei der Huch AG (eine Anspielung auf die Dortmunder Hoesch AG). Der Titel zitiert eine sehr bekannte Zeile aus dem Bundeslied für den Allgemeinen Deutschen Arbeiterverein.

Da bleibt dem Chef die Spucke weg

Seit Dezember 1974 spielte das Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater dieses Stück. Die Uraufführung fand am 3. Dezember im Fritz-Henßler-Haus statt und nach insgesamt annähernd achtzig Aufführungen war es am 9. Juni 1977 zum letzten Mal im Haus der Jugend in Witten zu sehen. Es war das am häufigsten gespielte Stück der Gruppe überhaupt. Die erstmalige Aufteilung des Stoffs in zwei Handlungsstränge spiegelt die verschiedenen Interessengruppen beim Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater wider: auf der einen Seite die betrieblich-gewerkschaftlich engagierten "älteren" Mitglieder, auf der anderen Seite die "jüngeren", die sich in der aufkommenden Jugendzentrumsbewegung engagierten. Mit einem Streik wehren Auszubildende ein umstrittenes Ausbildungsstufenmodell ab; das bleibt aber ein Teilerfolg, weil der bestreikte Betrieb, die Huch AG, in Zukunft weniger Auszubildende einstellen wird.

Wir stellen ein
Das Stück "versteht sich als ein Diskussionsbeitrag zur gewerkschaftlichen Forderung nach realer Arbeitszeitverkürzung bei vollem Lohnausgleich zum Abbau von Arbeitslosigkeit". Zwischen 1977 und 1978 wurde es insgesamt 41-mal aufgeführt. In den zwölf Szenen sind die Zusammenhänge von Arbeitslosigkeit (unter Jugendlichen), Kurzarbeit und Überstunden das zentrale Thema.

Lehrjahre – Mangelware

"Lehrjahre – Mangelware" spielt wieder im Metallbetrieb Huch und ist eine "Fortsetzung" von Wir stellen ein. In den elf Szenen des Stücks geht es um tatsächliche oder drohende Arbeitslosigkeit unter Jugendlichen und den (erfolgreichen) gemeinsamen Kampf von Jugendlichen, Betriebsrat und Gewerkschaft zur Verhinderung von Ungerechtigkeiten im Betrieb und zur Sicherung der Arbeitsplätze. Zwischen 1978 und 1980 wurde das Stück 40-mal gespielt, außerdem noch zweimal 1981 und einmal 1982.

Wie kommst Du denn auf das schmale Brett
Es war das letzte Stück und wurde ab Mai 1981 gespielt. Die Aufführung des Stücks beim Festival der freien Dortmunder Theatergruppen am 14. Juni 1984 war zugleich der letzte Auftritt des Dortmunder Lehrlingstheaters mit einem kompletten Stück. Durch eine Clique von Jugendlichen verläuft die Spaltung der Gesellschaft in Menschen mit und ohne Arbeitsplatz. Aktueller Bezug waren die Demonstrationen unter dem Motto "Stahlwerk jetzt", mit denen Stahlarbeiter und Bevölkerung seit dem Herbst 1980 in Dortmund für den Erhalt des Stahlstandorts Dortmund kämpften.

Aufführungspraxis
Der lokale Bezugspunkt der Gruppe war stets Dortmund, dennoch hat sie sich keineswegs auf die Stadt beschränkt, sondern sich im Laufe der Zeit ein immer größeres Einzugsgebiet erarbeitet. Mit zunehmender Berichterstattung in der regionalen und überregionalen Presse und einigen Auftritten im Rundfunk und im Fernsehen wurde die Gruppe auch über Dortmund hinaus bekannt.

Da sie nicht über eine eigene Bühne verfügte, trat sie als "Wandertheater" in den vom Veranstalter bereitgestellten Räumen auf. Veranstalter waren vor allem kommunale Jugendzentren und Jugendämter, Volkshochschulen, Jugendverbände, Parteien und Gewerkschaften. Mehrfach trat das Theater auch bei (Jugend-)Theaterfestivals auf.

Die Aufführungen eines Stückes unterschieden sich je nach mitspielenden Akteuren und nach "Tagesform". Die von der Gruppe gemeinsam entwickelten und diskutierten schriftlichen Stücktexte bildeten das Gerüst, auf dem sich die Akteure bewegten, der gesprochene Text war dagegen nicht frei von spontanen Assoziationen der Akteure. Die Anforderungen an die "Bühne" und die Requisiten waren minimal. Charakteristisch waren in den ersten Jahren ein roter und ein weißer Vorhang, eine Anzahl leerer Bierkästen, die je nach Anforderung Tische, Stühle und sonstige Möbelstücke darstellten, später kam eine Leinwand hinzu, auf die per Dia die "Bühnenbilder" projiziert wurden. Die Darstellung der Figuren war meist recht plakativ: So trug der Unternehmer Anzug und Hut, die Arbeiter Blaumänner und die Arbeitsamtsberaterin eine dicke Brille.

Mitglieder
Das Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater hatte mit relativ großen Schwankungen zwischen etwa zehn und 30 Mitglieder. Entsprechend der persönlichen Interessen und der unterschiedlichen Lebens- und Berufsplanungen waren einige nur wenige Monate aktiv, andere betätigten sich über viele Jahre in der Gruppe.

Überlieferung
Das Archiv des Dortmunder Lehrlingstheaters wurde von Kurt Eichler im Jahre 2007 an das Dortmunder Fritz-Hüser-Institut für Literatur und Kultur der Arbeitswelt abgegeben. Bei vielen freien Theatern haben deren prekäre wirtschaftliche Situation, die hohe Fluktuation der Mitwirkenden und die meist fehlende Anbindung an einen Archivträger dazu geführt, dass die privat aufbewahrten Unterlagen der Öffentlichkeit nicht zugänglich sind oder bereits vernichtet wurden. Das Archiv des Dortmunder Lehrlingstheaters im Fritz-Hüser-Institut dokumentiert und repräsentiert daher einen wesentlichen Aspekt der (freien) deutschen Theatergeschichte.

Literatur
 Horst Hensel: Sprachrohr der Ausgebeuteten. In: Deutsche Volkszeitung, 17. Oktober 1974.
 Initiative Theater Dortmund/Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater: Rotes Theater im Kohlenpott. Ein Erfahrungsbericht. Selbstverlag 1974.
 Angela Wagner: Zeigen was Sache ist. Jugendamateurtheater im Ruhrgebiet: Zehn Jahre Initiative Theater Dortmund/Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater (1970/71 – 1980/81). Magisterarbeit im Fach Empirische Kulturwissenschaft an der Universität Tübingen (Betreuer: Herbert Bausinger) 1982 (benutzbar im Fritz-Hüser-Institut für Literatur und Kultur der Arbeitswelt, Dortmund).
 Volker Zaib: Archive literarischer Vereinigungen und Initiativen im Bestandsgefüge eines Literaturarchivs. Der Bestand Initiative Theater Dortmund/Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater im Fritz-Hüser-Institut für Literatur und Kultur der Arbeitswelt. Diplomarbeit an der Fachhochschule Potsdam (Betreuerinnen: Karin Schwarz / Hanneliese Palm) 2010 (benutzbar im Fritz-Hüser-Institut für Literatur und Kultur der Arbeitswelt, Dortmund).
 Volker Zaib: "Rotes Theater im Kohlenpott". Das Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater und seine Stücke zur Arbeitswelt von Jugendlichen (1970–1984). In: Literatur in Westfalen. Beiträge zur Forschung, Bd. 12, 2012, S. 127–159.

Quellen
Originalunterlagen des Dortmund Lehrlingstheaters und archivisches Findbuch im Fritz-Hüser-Institut für Literatur und Kultur der Arbeitswelt Dortmund.

Einzelnachweise

Theater (Nordrhein-Westfalen)
Kunst (Dortmund)
Arbeiterbewegung (Deutschland)

Dortmunder Lehrlingstheater


Essenbækårbogen (latin Annales Essenbecenses) er en årbog med historiske notitser vedrørende årene 1020-1323, som synes skrevet i det benediktinske Essenbæk Kloster.

Teksten

Karakteristik
Meget af årbogens indhold er kirkeligt, hvorfor personen der skrev den nok også var kirkelig, men med stor interesse og sympati for bøndernes vilkår. Specielt i den seneste del af årbogen beskrives bøndernes vilkår som komplicerede af afgifter, uvejr, sygdomme og hærgninger, og personen som skrev årbogen favoriserede tydeligt de jyske bønder frem for landets konge i årene 1313-1320.

Titel
Langebek gav i 1773 årbogen titlen Annales Essenbecenses, med henvisning til at Essenbæk Kloster og den nærliggende Randers er nævnt deri flere gange. Også at der i årbogen flere gange er nævnt borgen på Kalø, men ikke én gang nogen af de andre tvangsborge som byggedes i 1314, tyder på at årbogen er skrevet i Djursland, hvor der alene var et kloster i Essenbæk Sogn. Specielt personer og steder i Jylland – ikke mindst biskopper i Aarhus – er nævnte i årbogen.

Datering og kilder
Essenbækårbogen skreves tidligst i 1323, som den sidste notits deri vedrører, og senest i 1367, da ærkebiskop Nikles Jonsen (Bild) benyttede den til at skrive sin ærkebispekrønike. Essenbækårbogen synes at være baseret på Rydårbogen og Lundeårbogen indtil omkring 1262, og resten af den synes at være original.

Håndskrifter og publikationer
Efter Reformationen kom årbogen nok fra den sidste katolske ærkebiskop Torbern Bille til hans bror Klavs Bille, for rigshistoriograf Anders Sørensen Vedel ejede omkring 1590 "Alia quædam chronologica aff en gamle rulle, som hr. Claus Bilde haffde, ab anno domini 1027 ad annum domini 1323", og på en anden delvis kopi af årbogen, som nok omkring samme tid håndskreves til Huitfeldt, noteredes der: "Dette haffuer ieg udskreffuit oc noteret af en rulle som hørde her Claus Bilde thiill". Siden er årbogen forsvundet.

Latinske håndskrifter
Et håndskrift, som nok er fra omkring 1500, er den eneste næsten komplette kopi af årbogen, og findes nu i håndskriftsamlingen Codex Bibliotheca Universitas Upsaliensis ex donatione de la Gardie L.

Håndskriftet ejedes af St. Johannis Stephanius, da han i det 17. århundrede håndskrev en dårlig kopi af det. Det stephaniske håndskrift findes nu i håndskriftsamlingen Codex Bibliotheca Universitas Upsaliensis ex donatione de la Gardie XXV-XXIX, som der også er kopier af i Stockholm og Hamburg.

Den nok til Huitfeldt håndskrevne delvise kopi kom siden til Danzig, hvorfra Dalin tog den med til Uppsala i det 18. århundrede. Den findes nu i håndskriftsamlingen Codex Bibliotheca Universitas Upsaliensis H 112.

I 1664 fandtes Vedels delvise kopi i universitetsbiblioteket, og omkring 1690 håndskrev Thomas Broder Bircherod en kopi af den. Vedels delvise kopi brændte sammen med Københavns universitetsbibliotek i 1728. Det bircherodske håndskrift fra omkring 1690 findes ikke nu, men i det 18. århundrede håndskrev Bircherod og Peder Jensen Lucoppidan hver en kopi af det. Det seneste bircherodske håndskrift findes nu i håndskriftsamlingen Codex Bibliotheca Regia Hafniensis signatus Ny kongelig Samling 402 in folia,og det lucoppidanske håndskrift findes nu i håndskriftsamlingen Codex Bibliotheca Regia Hafniensis signatus Ny kongelig Samling 561 in folia.

To håndskrevne kopier af det lucoppidanske håndskrift findes nu i håndskriftsamlingen Codex Bibliotheca Regia Hafniensis signatus Ny kongelig Samling 570 in folia.

Publikationer
Baseret på det lucoppidanske håndskrift publicerede Ernst Joachim von Westphalen i 1743 årbogen i det tredje bind af Monumenta ininedita rerum Germanicarum præcipue Cimbricarum et Megapolensium.

Langebek ejede de to håndskrevne kopier af det lucoppidanske håndskrift da han i 1773, baseret på dem og en kopi af håndskriftet som nok er fra omkring 1500, publicerede årbogen i det andet bind af Scriptores Rerum Danicarum.

Baseret på håndskriftet som nok er fra omkring 1500, den nok til Huitfeldt håndskrevne delvise kopi, de to håndskrevne kopier af det lucoppidanske håndskrift, og kopien af det stephaniske håndskrift i Hamburg publicerede Waitz i 1892 årbogen i det 29. bind af Monumenta Germaniæ Historica.

Baseret på håndskriftet som nok er fra omkring 1500, den nok til Huitfeldt håndskrevne delvise kopi, det seneste bircherodske håndskrift og det lucoppidanske håndskrift publicerede Ellen Jørgensen i 1920 årbogen i Annales Danici medii ævi.

I 1980 publicerede Erik Kroman årbogen i Danmarks middelalderlige annaler.

Noter

Litteratur
 Harald Ilsøe: "Håndskriftet H 112 og de danske historikere. En studie i overlevering" (Historisk Tidsskrift, Bind 12. række, 1 (1963); s. 399-435)
 Ellen Jørgensen: ANNALES DANICI MEDII ÆVI. EDITIONEM NOUAM CURAUIT. København, Danmark; Selskabet for Udgivelse af Kilder til Dansk Historie (1920)
 Anders Leegaard Knudsen: Annales Danici. Bergen, Norway; Universitety of Bergen (2010).
 Vilhelm Lorenzen: De danske benediktinerklostres bygningshistorie. København, Danmark; G. E. C. Gad (1933)
 Vilhelm Marstrand: "Ærkebisp Esger Juuls aarbog fra 1321-23" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Bind 5. række, 3 (1937); s. 250-272)
 Sigvard Preben Skov: "Essenbækaarbogen" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Bind 5. række, 3 (1937); s. 99-106)
 Sigvard Preben Skov: "Essenbækaarbogen II" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Bind 5. række, 3 (1937); s. 305-317)
 Gyldendal. Ernst Joachim v. Westphalen i Den Store Danske

Krøniker fra Danmark
Nordisk litteratur fra middelalderen

Essenbækårbogen


is a shallow tray used in the Japanese kitchen to place food on after deep frying. The shallow tray or pan has a rack and an absorbent paper towel to remove excess oil from the food after frying, as for example in tempura.

The Abura kiri is usually used in combination with metal ended Japanese kitchen chopsticks, a net ladle or scoop ami shakushi,  and a heavy frying pot agemono nabe.

See also
List of Japanese cooking utensils

Japanese food preparation utensils

Abura kiri


Biserica evanghelică din Dorolea, comuna Livezile, județul Bistrița-Năsăud, a fost construită în secolul al XIX-lea. Figurează pe lista monumentelor istorice 2015, .

Localitatea
Dorolea (în dialectul săsesc Bästärz, în , Kleinbistritz, în ) este un sat în comuna Livezile din județul Bistrița-Năsăud, Transilvania, România.

Localitatea apare în documente la 1332 în registrele de dări ale parohiilor catolice din Transilvania, când la Arida Bystricia, prima formă sub care satul este menționat, era preot Hermann.

Păstrează încă fronturi compacte de case ridicate în ultima treime a secolului al XIX-lea și începutul secolului al XX-lea, fiind păstrat aici cel mai coerent ansamblu arhitectural săsesc din regiune.

Biserica

Biserica a fost construită între anii 1858-1861, în vecinătate se află școala din 1892 și sala comunală din 1906, precum și casa parohială din secolul XVIII, renovată în 1881.

După exodul sașilor transilvăneni, biserica a fost cumpărată de comunitatea ortodoxă, modificată la interior conform cerințelor cultului ortodox și a primit hramul "Pogorârea Sfântului Duh".

Note

Bibliografie
Anghel Gheorghe, Fortificații medievale din piatră, secolele XII-XVI, Cluj Napoca, 1986.
Avram Alexandru, Câteva considerații cu privire la bazilicile scurte din bazinul Hârtibaciului și zona Sibiului, în Revista monumentelor și muzeelor de istorie, 1981, numărul 2.
Juliana Fabritius-Dancu, Cetăți țărănești săsești din Transilvania, în Revista Transilvania, Sibiu, 19.
 Hermann Fabini: Atlas der siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Kirchenburgen und Dorfkirchen. Band I. Heidelberg, 2002.
Iambor Petre, Așezări fortificate din Transilvania (sec. IX-XIII), Cluj-Napoca, 2005.
Thomas Nägler, Așezarea sașilor în Transilvania, Editura Kriterion, București, 1992.
Adrian Andrei Rusu, Castelarea carpatica, Editura MEGA, Cluj-Napoca, 2005.
George Oprescu, Bisericile, cetăți ale sașilor din Ardeal, Editura Academiei, București, 1956.
Țiplic Ioan-Marian, Organizarea defensivă a Transilvaniei în evul mediu (secolele X-XIV), Editura Militară, București, 2006.

Vezi și
 Dorolea, Bistrița-Năsăud

Legături externe
 Fișă monument

Imagini

Monumente istorice din județul Bistrița-Năsăud
Biserici evanghelice de confesiune augustană din România
Biserici din secolul al XIX-lea din România
Biserici ortodoxe în România
Biserici din județul Bistrița-Năsăud

Biserica evanghelică din Dorolea


الدكتورة ليلى زكريا عبد الرحمن

تلقت تعليمها الابتدائي والمتوسط والثانوي بمدينة كوستي وسط السودان ثم جامعة الخرطوم كلية الزراعة، حيث تخرجت ببكالوريوس بمرتبة الشرف ونالت درجة الماجستير في التقنية الحيوية وكذلك الدكتوراه والتي كانت عام 1995م من كلية الهندسة بجامعة يومست بمانشستر.

عرفت علي المستوي العالمي باكتشافتها العلمية ذات المردود الاقتصادي الكبير مثل:

 اكتشفت طريقة جذرية جديدة لزراعة قصب السكر ببذور صناعية تمكن زراعتها تماما مثل البذور الطبيعية لأول مرة في التاريخ، وهي طريقة أكثر إنتاجية وأقل تكلفة.علما بإنّ الطرائق التقليدية في زراعة قصب السكر من نموه حتى قطفه هي طرائق مهدرة ومكلفة في آن معاً. وقد حاول العلماء لسنوات عدة تربية أجنة أعواد قصب السكر في الماء حتى نموها لكنهم لم يفلحوا.

منحت الدكتورة ليلى زكريا عبد الرحمن براءة الامتياز لأكتشافها هذا من: الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وأستراليا والصين والبرازيل وجنوب أفريقيا وكوريا الشمالية واندونيسيا وسريلانكا، واطلقت من ثم عملها الخاص في حقل الزراعة البيو-تقنية الذي سيرخص العمل بأكتشافها لأنتاج السكر، الجدير بالذكر ان العالمة الزراعية قامت بمنح المصانع السودانية حق الاستفادة المجانية من اختراعها داخل السودان.

 اكتشافها مضاداً طبيعياً للأكسدة ، يمكن ان يكون بديلاً مضموناً لمادة البوتكس المستخدمة في عمليات التجميل، جري الإعلان عنه بواسطة وكالة السودان للأنباء في تاريخ 20 يونيو 2013 م.

الجوائز والتكريم

 منحت للدكتورة الميدالية الذهبية من حكومة السودان.
 فازت بالجائزة السنوية لأفضل مشروع علمى لشمال وغرب العالم.
 تم تكريم الدكتورة في مملكة البحرين.

الوفاة

توفيت الدكتورة ليلي في يوم الأحد الأول من فبراير 2015 في العاصمة البريطانية لندن.

مراجع

 عالمة زراعة سودانية تكتشف بذوراً لقصب السكر- صحيفة الشرق الأوسط
 إعلان وكالة السودان للأنباء عن الاكتشاف الثاني

عالمات سودانيات

ليلى زكريا عبد الرحمن


Canada After Dark was Canada's first late-night comedy/variety talk show.  It was hosted by Paul Soles and aired on CBC Television from September 18, 1978, to January 26, 1979.

The show was repackaged from the failed, more informational 90 Minutes Live.  Executive producer Alex Frame and producer Bob Ennis decided to try a show that would be comparable to The Tonight Show instead, changing the name of the show to Canada After Dark and replacing host Peter Gzowski with veteran comedic actor Soles.  The new show would last for less than half a season.

The Royal Canadian Air Farce parodied the show with skits called "Clark In The Dark", featuring then-Prime Minister Joe Clark (played by Don Ferguson)  acting as "host" from the gallery of an empty House Of Commons.  The skits were revived after Clark returned to politics in the late 1990s.

External links

 Queen's University Directory of CBC Television Series (Canada After Dark archived listing link via archive.org)

1978 Canadian television series debuts
1979 Canadian television series endings
1970s Canadian television talk shows
CBC Television original programming
Canadian late-night television programming

Canada After Dark


O carte cu copertă dură (cunoscută, de asemenea, în engleză sub numele de hardcover sau hardback și în română cartonată) este un tip de carte cu o copertă rigidă și mai groasă. Cartea are paginile cusute sau legate cu scoabe și este căptușită cu o copertă de carton tare, combinată uneori cu pânză sau cu o imitație din piele. Această copertă acoperă cartea pe toate suprafețele sale exterioare.

Cărțile cu coperți dure sunt tipărite de multe ori pe hârtie neacidă și sunt mult mai durabile decât cărțile cu coperți broșate, care au o hârtie flexibilă și mai ușor de deteriorat. Realizarea coperților cartonate este mai costisitoare. Coperțile dure sunt protejate de obicei cu supracoperți, dar în ultima vreme s-a renunțat la utilizarea supracoperților în favoarea coperților cartonate imprimate în relief cu diferite modele.

Galerie

Note

Copertă carte

Copertă dură


An Tricostularia undulata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni George Henry Kendrick Thwaites, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Johannes Hendrikus Kern. An Tricostularia undulata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Tricostularia, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Tricostularia

Tricostularia undulata


O Campeonato Brasileiro de Voleibol de Clubes de 1987 foi a décima edição da competição na variante feminina com esta nomenclatura. O torneio foi realizado entre 1987 e 17 de janeiro de 1988, com equipes representando seis estados.

Participantes

 Bradesco, Rio de Janeiro
 Supergasbrás, Rio de Janeiro
 Paulistano, São Paulo
 Pirelli, São Paulo
 Lufkin, São Paulo

Final

Classificação final

Campeão

Ligações externas

1987
Voleibol de 1987 no Brasil
Voleibol de 1988 no Brasil

Campeonato Brasileiro de Voleibol Feminino de 1987


Hali may refer to:

Hali I of the Maldives (died 1268), Sultan of Maldives from 1266 to 1268
Hali II of the Maldives (died 1288), Sultan of Maldives from 1278 to 1288
a medieval Latinisation of Arabic Ali (also Haly)
 Haly Abenragel, commonly known as Hali or Hali the Arabian
 Haly Abenrudian, sometimes referred to as Hali
 Maulana Hali, the Urdu poet
 Tamba Hali (born 1983), American football player
the modern Turkish word for carpet
 Lake Hali, the fictional lake beside Carcosa
 Hali, the name of a lake in Marion Zimmer Bradley's Darkover series
 a slang term for Halifax, Nova Scotia

See also
Haile (disambiguation)
Halie, characters in Greek mythology
Hailey (disambiguation)
Haley (disambiguation)
Halley (disambiguation)
Hayley (disambiguation)

Hali


Nogometni turnir na MI 2018. održao se u Tarragoni u Španjolskoj. Branitelj naslova bila je marokanska reprezentacija. Na Igrama su nastupile reprezentacije do 18 godina.

Turnir

Skupina A

Skupina B

Skupina C

Poluzavršnica

28. lipnja 2018.

  -  3:0
  -  2:1

Utakmica za broncu

  -  0:0, 6:7 (jed.)

Utakmica za zlato

  -  2:3

Mediteranske igre 2018.
Nogomet na Mediteranskim igrama
Međunarodna nogometna natjecanja u Španjolskoj

Nogomet na Mediteranskim igrama 2018.


Abrahamia, biljni rod sa oko tridesetak vrsta iz porodice rujevki (Anacardiaceae), red sapindolike raširen isključivo na Madagaskaru.

Madagaskarski endemski rod Abrahamia opisan je 2017., a taksonomska revizija prepoznala je 34 vrste, uključujući 19 koje su opisane kao nove. Ranije poznate svojte s Madagaskara povijesno su tretirane u rod Protorhus Engl. zajedno s tipskom vrstom iz južne Afrike, Protorhus longifolia (Bernh.) Engl. Međutim, nedavne morfološke i molekularne filogenetske studije pokazale su da je afrička vrsta bliža rodu Ozoroa Delile i da malgaške svojte čine posebnu kladu. Stoga se malgaške svojte više nisu mogle smjestiti u Protorhus, što je zahtijevalo opis novog roda, opisanog kao Abrahamia. U ovoj reviziji vrste Abrahamia se prepoznaju i razlikuju jedna od druge na temelju morfoloških karakteristika, prvenstveno listova, cvatova, cvjetova i plodova, u kombinaciji s eko-geografskim značajkama. Ukupno je napravljeno 15 novih kombinacija za svojte s Madagaskara koje su prethodno bile smještene u Protorhus, a lektotipovi su određeni za 11 imena. Ključ za vrstu je dat na engleskom i francuskom jeziku, a potpuni opis svake vrste, zajedno s popisom ispitanog materijala i kartom distribucije; ilustracija je također uključena za svaku od novih vrsta. Preliminarne procjene očuvanja prema kriterijima IUCN-ovog Crvenog popisa pokazuju da je 17 vrsta, što predstavlja 50% od ukupnog broja, ugroženo, od kojih se 5 smatra "ugroženim" [EN] i 12 "ranjivim" [VU].

Vrste

 Abrahamia antongilensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia betamponensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia buxifolia (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia capuronii Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia darainensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia deflexa (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia delphinensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia ditimena (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia ellipticarpa Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia elongata Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia grandidieri (Engl.) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia humbertii (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia ibityensis (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia itremoensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia latifolia (Engl.) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia lecomtei (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia lenticellata Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia littoralis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia lokobensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia longipetiolata Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia louvelii (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia minutifolia Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia nitida (Engl.) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia oblongifolia (Engl.) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia patrickii Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia pauciflora (Engl. ex H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia phillipsonii Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia revoluta Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia sambiranensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia sericea (Engl.) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia suarezensis Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia thouvenotii (Lecomte) Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia turkii Randrian. & Lowry
 Abrahamia viguieri (H.Perrier) Randrian. & Lowry

Izvori

Rujevke

Abrahamia


Xerox Alto var en af de første personlige computere beregnet på individuel brug, selv om den ikke var en hjemmecomputer. Den var kostbar, og i modsætning til nutidens pc'er var den ikke baseret på en mikroprocessor. Den blev udviklet ved Xerox PARC og lanceret 1. marts 1973. Xerox Alto var den første computer som benyttede skrivebordsmetaforen, der først blev markedsført kommercielt i forbindelse med den senere Xerox Star. Xerox Alto var også en af de første computere, hvis grafiske brugergrænseflade var baseret på computermusen og på Douglas Engelbarts oN-Line System (NLS) og flere andre opfindelser inden for brugergrænseflader på denne tid.

Xerox Alto var ikke et kommercielt produkt, men flere tusind enheder blev bygget og brugt ved PARC, andre Xerox-faciliteter og flere universiteter i mange år. Den påvirkede designet af computere i flere årtier, deriblandt Macintosh fra Apple og de første arbejdsstationer fra Sun Microsystems.

Referencer

Personlige computere

Xerox Alto


Granični prijelaz Arida je međunarodni granični prijelaz između Sirije i Libanona u mjestu Arida u Libanonu. Nalazi se na obalnoj međunarodnoj autocesti između Tartusa (Sirija) i Tripolija (Libanon).

Izvori

Arida
Granice Libanona
Građevine u Libanonu

Granični prijelaz Arida


puede referirse a:

Distrito de Inukami, localizado en la prefectura de Shiga.
Inukami!, una serie de novelas ligeras creada por Mamizu Arisawa adaptadas al manga y al anime.
Inugami, criatura mitológica japonesa.
Inugami, serie de manga creada por Masaya Hokazono.

Inukami


Wallingford is an unincorporated community in Nether Providence Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States.  Founded in 1687, it is named for Wallingford, England. In 2007, Wallingford was named by Money Magazine as the ninth best place to live in the United States; two other towns in the area made the top 15. Most locations in Nether Providence use Wallingford's ZIP code.

It is west of Interstate 476, known locally as the Blue Route, and east of S. Providence Road, PA 252. Crum Creek forms the township's eastern border with the borough of Swarthmore. Wallingford lies north of Chester on the southwestern edge of the Philadelphia urban area. Wallingford is about 9 miles from Philadelphia.

There is a dry cleaning shop and a post office. Various doctors, dentists, and lawyers are also located in Wallingford.

About half a dozen churches and chapels of several denominations are located in Wallingford, including Wallingford Presbyterian Church, St. John Chrysostom Catholic Church on Providence Road and the Foundry Church, near Media Parkway. Wallingford is also home to Congregation Ohev Shalom, a conservative synagogue located at the corner of Rt. 252 and Rt. 320.

The local school district is the Wallingford-Swarthmore School District, which serves Wallingford, Swarthmore, Rutledge, and parts of Media, Morton and Rose Valley.

Wallingford is located along SEPTA's Media/Wawa Line, and has a station whose design is attributed to the well-known Victorian architect Frank Furness. Wallingford is about 30 minutes from center city Philadelphia by rail.

The township's municipal offices are located at 214 Sykes Lane.

The Thomas Leiper Estate, Westlawn and Wolley Stille are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 11,420 people residing in Zip Code Tabulation Area 19086. The population density was 3,095 people per square mile. There were 4,487 housing units. The racial makeup of the community was 90.03% White, 4.57% African American, 0.55% Native American, 5.07% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander. 1.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. The median age was 44.5 years. The median income for a household in the town was $100,660.

Points of interest
 Pendle Hill Quaker Center for Study and Contemplation
 Taylor Memorial Arboretum
 Community Arts Center
 Saint John Chrysostom R.C.

Education

Wallingford-Swarthmore School District is the area school district. The first area school started in 1810 and was built on a portion of a 78-acre (32 ha) land grant of farmer and friend of William Penn. Nether Providence School District was formed in 1856; it merged with the Swarthmore School District to become the Wallingford-Swarthmore School District but retained both the Nether Providence and Swarthmore High Schools. In 1984, the middle and high schools merged to become Strath Haven Middle School and Strath Haven High School. The Helen Kate Furness Library was founded in 1902.

Mother of Providence Regional Catholic School is the area Catholic school. It formed in 2012 from a merger of St. John Chrysostom in Wallingford and Nativity BVM School in Media. Originally Nativity BVM was to be the location of the merged school, but St. John Chrystosom appealed and the archdiocese changed its decision.

Located in Wallingford is the Helen Kate Furness Free Library, which was renovated in 2006.

Climate
Wallingford has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and average monthly temperatures range from 33.0 °F in January to 77.9 °F in July. PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State U The hardiness zone is 7a.

Notable people
Edward Potts Cheyney (1861-1947), American historical and economic writer
Jay Clayton, chairman of the SEC
Dan Connor (born 1985), former American football linebacker
Ida Dixon (1854-1916), American golf course architect
Horace Howard Furness (1833-1912), Shakespearean scholar
William Henry Furness III (1866-1920), physician and ethnographer
Caroline Furness Jayne (1873-1909), ethnologist
Horace Jayne (1859-1913), zoologist and educator
Horace H. F. Jayne (1898-1975), museum director
Mark Jones (born 1980), former American football wide receiver
Joe Sestak, US Representative who served most of Delaware County from 2007 to 2010

Neighborhoods
Pendlehill
Avonbrook
Ridgewood
South Summit
Wallingford
South Wallingford
East Wallingford
Bowling Green
Pine Ridge
Heatherwold
Garden City

References

External links

 Helen Kate Furness Free Library

1687 establishments in Pennsylvania
Populated places established in 1687
Unincorporated communities in Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania

Wallingford, Pennsylvania


Tütüncüler, Samsun ilinin Bafra ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Mahallenin eski adı "Cırıklar mahallesi" idi. 1924 yılında Lozan görüşmesinden sonra, Yunanistan'dan Selanik ili Drama ilçesinden  buraya göç edilmiş, muhacir mahallesi olarak bilinir. Arazisi düz olduğundan eskiden burada at üzerinde Cirit oynanırmış. Bu nedenle "Cırıtlar mahallesi" denilirmiş. Daha sonra Cırıklar mahallesi olarak değiştirilmiş. Mahallenin geçim kaynağı tütün olduğu ve kaliteli tütün üretildiğinden dönemin Bafra kaymakamı tarafından ismi Tütüncüler mahallesi olarak devam etmektedir.

Coğrafya
Samsun iline 45, Bafra ilçesine 5 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Bafra'nın mahalleleri

Tütüncüler, Bafra


Lee Kun-hee (; ; ) a fost un om de afaceri sud-coreean și președinte al Samsung Group în perioada 1987-2008 și 2010-2020. El a demisionat în aprilie 2008, ca urmare a unui scandal cu fonduri obscure pentru Samsung, dar a revenit pe 24 martie 2010. În 1996, Lee a devenit membru al Comitetului Internațional Olimpic. Cu o avere netă estimată la 12,6 miliarde $, el și familia sa sunt printre cei mai bogati oameni din lume în clasamentul Forbes. El este al treilea fiu al fondatorului Samsung Lee Byung-chul.

Referințe

Legături externe
 Forbes.com: Forbes World's Richest People
 "Lee Kun-hee's Big Stick", The Korea Times, 8 ianuarie 2006.
 "Samsung chairman's office raided as part of inquiry", International Herald Tribune, 14 ianuarie 2008.
 "Samsung chairman hints at possible resignation", hanqyere newspaper, 11 aprilie 2008.
 "www.leekunhee.com" Official personal bio
 "South Korea Plans to Pardon Former Samsung Chairman"

Nașteri în 1942
Decese în 2020
Oameni de afaceri sud-coreeni

Lee Kun-hee


Românii din Germania sunt una din comunitățile diasporei românești din Europa Occidentală. Potrivit datelor statistice din 2016 numărul de cetățeni români rezidenți în Germania la data de 31 decembrie 2015 era de 452.718 (față de 94.326 în 2008).

Istoria

Emigrarea din România în Germania a fost frecventă de-a lungul secolului 20, și a continuat în secolul 21. Un număr mare de etnici germani din România (mai ales sașii din Transilvania și șvabii din Banat) au părăsit țara înainte, în timpul și după evenimentele care în cele din urmă au condus la cel de-al doilea Război Mondial.

În timpul Republicii Socialiste România, deși granițele au fost închise în mod oficial de către autorități, unui număr semnificativ de germani li s-a permis să emigreze în Germania de Vest, în special în ultimii ani ai lui Nicolae Ceaușescu. Operațiunea Recuperarea a făcut parte din programul de migrații etnice (inclusiv evreii în Israel și maghiarii în Ungaria) promovate de regimul socialist. În anii 1980 mai mult de jumătate din oamenii care au plecat din România, au plecat în Germania.

După Revoluția din România, care au avut loc în decembrie 1989, a existat o migrație în masă a sașilor din Transilvania în Germania, în ceea ce a fost menționat de cotidianul Britanic ziarul Guardian ca "cea mai uimitoare, și puțin raportată migrație etnică din Europa modernă".

Emigrarea etnicilor români în Germania a devenit destul de comună în secolul 21, în special după intrarea României în Uniunea Europeană în 2007. Comunitatea română din Germania are o prezență puternică. Numărul total al persoanelor care trăiesc în Germania provenind din România (atât sași, șvabi cât și români, maghiari etc.) poate ajunge până la 2 000 000 de locuitori, așadar diaspora românească în această țară cea mai mare dintre toate cele românești care trăiesc în Uniunea Europeană.

Personalități

Artă

 Adrian Ghenie, pictor
 Petre Hârtopeanu (1913-2001), pictor
 Diet Sayler, pictor și sculptor
 George Ștefănescu (1914-2007), pictor
 Sabin Țambrea (n. 1984), actor

Divertisment

 Mircea Crișan (1924-2013), actor, comediant
 Maria Drăguș, actriță
 Andrei Ujică (n. 1951), regizor și profesor universitar
 Alexandra Maria Lara, actriță
  (n. 1968), producător de film
 Florian Munteanu, actor, cel mai bine cunoscut pentru rolul lui Viktor Drago în drama film Creed II
 Călin Peter Netzer (n. 1975), regizor de film
 , dansator și actual judecător pentru reality show de televiziune Deutschland sucht den Superstar
 Lupu Pick (1886-1931), regizor de film, producător și scenarist
 , actriță
 Johanna Wokalek, actriță

Muzică
 , producător hip-hop, membru al producției duo Soulbrotha
 , cel mai bine cunoscut pentru asocierea sa cu Kool Savas
 Sergiu Celibidache (1912-1996), dirijor și compozitor
 Roger Cicero (1970-2016), jazz și pop muzician
 Michael Crețu, producător muzical, compozitor și fondator al Enigma
 Damae, cântăreț, fostul vocalist de transă grup Fragma
 , producător hip-hop
 , cântăreț și compozitor
 Nicolae Herlea (1927-2014), bariton
 , saxofonist de jazz
 Ramona Nerra, cântăreț și compozitor
 Miss Platnum, cântăreț și compozitor
 Michael Radulescu, compozitor
 , violoncelist
 , cântăreț și compozitor

Politică
 Octavian Ursu, membru al CDU
 Bernd Fabritius, membru al CSU
 Ramona Pop, membru al Alianței 90/Verzii

Religie
Vasile Zăpârțan (1918-1976), rectorul misiunii române unite din München
Octavian Bârlea (1913-2005), preot greco-catolic, istoric, publicist

Sport
 Michael Andrei (n. 1995), handbalist
 Alina Astafei (n. 1969), atletă
 Călin Colesnic, fostul managing director al Hispania Racing F1 Team
 Ralph Gunesch (n. 1983), fotbalist
 Roland Gunesch (n. 1944), handbalist
 Andreas Ivan (n. 1995), fotbalist
 Petre Ivănescu (n. 1936), antrenor de handbal
 Mihai Leu (n. 1969), boxer profesionist
 Elena Leonte (n. 1960), handbalistă
 Stelian Moculescu, antrenor de volei
 Maximilian Nicu, fotbalist
 Liviu-Dieter Nisipeanu, maestru de șah
 , handbalist
 Gerhard Poschner, fotbalist
 Marcel Răducanu, fotbalist
 Dieter Roth (n. 1983), boxer
 Albert Streit (n. 1980), fotbalist
 Vilmoș Szabo (n. 1964), antrenorul echipei naționale de scrimă a Germaniei
 Romy Tarangul, judoka
 Monica Theodorescu, echitație
 Andreas Toba, gimnastică artistică
 Luminita Zaituc, alergător de cursă lungă

Alții
 Cornel Chiriac (1941-1975), jurnalist, producător radio și baterist de jazz
 Ricarda Ciontoș, curator și manager de producție
 Ruxandra Sireteanu-Constantinescu (1945-2008), biofizician
 Eugen Coșeriu (1921-2002), lingvist
 Miriam Davoudvandi, jurnalistă (mamă româncă)
 Georg Maurer (1907-1971), poet, eseist și traducător
 Paul Miron (1926-2008), lingvist și filolog. Primul profesor de limba și literatura română în Germania de Vest
 Vlad Mugur (1927-2001), regizor de teatru
 Ion N. Petrovici, neurolog
 Nicolaus Carl (1923-2008), sociolog, istoric și scriitor
 Catalin Voss, inventator și antreprenor

Vezi și
 Românii din Franța
 Românii din Italia
 Românii din Spania
 Românii din Regatul Unit

Note

Legături externe
 Românii din Germania

! Germania
Germani originari din România
Grupuri etnice din Germania
Relațiile germano-române

Românii din Germania


Raspoloženje je afektno stanje u psihologiji. Za razliku od osjećaja, raspoloženja su manje specifična, manje intenzivna i manja je vjerojatnost da su potaknuta ili određenim podražajem ili događajem. Ljudi obično govore o dobrom ili lošem raspoloženju.

Raspoloženje se također razlikuje od temperamenta ili osobina ličnosti koje su još dugotrajnije. Međutim, osobine ličnosti kao što su optimizam i neuroticizam predisponiraju određene vrste raspoloženja. Dugotrajnim poremećajem raspoloženja smatraju se među ostalim: klinička depresija i bipolarni poremećaj. Raspoloženje je unutarnje, subjektivno stanje, ali se često može zaključiti iz držanja tijela i drugog ponašanja. "Neki nas događaj može poslati u neočekivano raspoloženje, od sreće što vidimo starog prijatelja do ljutnje zbog otkrivanja izdaje od strane partnera."

Pozitivno raspoloženje može biti uzrokovano mnogim različitim aspektima života, kao i imati određene učinke na ljude u cjelini. Dobro raspoloženje obično se smatra stanjem bez utvrđenog uzroka; ljudi ne mogu točno odrediti zašto su dobro raspoloženi. Čini se da ljudi doživljavaju pozitivno raspoloženje kada nemaju briga, dobro su se naspavali i ne osjećaju stres u svom životu. Poput pozitivnih raspoloženja, negativna raspoloženja imaju važne implikacije na mentalno i tjelesno blagostanje ljudi. Raspoloženja su osnovna psihološka stanja koja se mogu pojaviti kao reakcija na neki događaj ili se mogu pojaviti bez očitog vanjskog uzroka. Negativna raspoloženja mogu manipulirati načinom na koji pojedinci tumače i prevode svijet oko sebe, a također mogu usmjeravati njihovo ponašanje.

Depresija, kronični stres, bipolarni poremećaj itd. smatraju se poremećajima raspoloženja. Pretpostavlja se da su takvi poremećaji rezultat kemijske neravnoteže u moždanim neurotransmiterima, no neka istraživanja osporavaju ovu hipotezu.

Izvori

Ljudsko ponašanje

Raspoloženje


Ailsa Macgregor Keating est une mathématicienne franco-britannique spécialisée en géométrie symplectique et la . Elle est maitre de conférences au Département de Mathématiques pures et de Statistiques mathématiques de l'université de Cambridge.

Formation et carrière
Keating a grandi à Toulouse, en France. Elle a étudié les mathématiques au Clare College de Cambridge de 2005 à 2009, obtenant une maîtrise grâce à la . Elle a poursuivi des études supérieures au Massachusetts Institute of Technology, complétant sa thèse en 2014 avec la thèse intitulée Symplectic properties of Milnor fibres et supervisée par Paul Seidel.

Elle est retournée à Cambridge en tant que chercheuse junior au Trinity College en 2014, tout en effectuant des recherches postdoctorales en tant que Simons Junior Fellow à l'Université de Columbia et membre de l'Institute for Advanced Study. Elle est devenue chargée de cours à Cambridge en 2017.

Reconnaissance
Keating est la lauréate du prix Berwick 2021 de la London Mathematical Society, pour ses recherches utilisant les  pour étudier les symétries des variétés symplectiques.

Références

Liens externes

 Page personnelle

Étudiant de Clare College
Mathématicienne française
Mathématicienne britannique
Lauréat du prix Berwick

Ailsa Keating


Alcoy, officially the Municipality of Alcoy (; ),  is a 5th class municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 19,186 people.

It is named after Alcoy in Spain.

History

Spanish colonization

The old town of Alcoy, located in the current barangay of Daanlungsod, known as Mambaje, becomes one of the visitas of Carcar in 1690.  Mambaje is absorbed as a barrio of Boljoon in 1692. The church in Alcoy and three Bantayan sa Hari or watchtowers are built. The settlers choose Sta. Rosa de Lima as their patron saint.

A creation of the town of Mambaje was proposed. On July 16, 1866, Mambaje becomes a municipality. A year after, the first formal school opened in Alcoy, according to the Spanish Organic Law of 1863. In 1869, Mambaje was renamed to Alcoy. The seat of local government or the poblacion was moved from Mambaje to Hulomaynon (now Poblacion). In 1890, the town of Alcoy ranks first in production of coffee and sixth in cotton in the province of Cebu. Then in 1898, Alcoy joins the Anti-Spanish Uprising.

American and Japanese period

In 1899, Alcoy, and the rest of the Philippines, is occupied by the Americans. Resistance against the new colonizers in Cebu ceased in 1901.  The town experienced a smallpox and cholera epidemic in 1903. Between 1904 and 1916, Alcoy is merged to the town of Dalaguete. Herminigildo Mosqueda becomes Alcoy's first elected mayor after he wins the local elections in 1928.

During World War II, Hilario de los Santos organizes and heads the local guerilla resistance against the Japanese in Alcoy. The Civil Affairs unit is formed at Nug-as with former Mayor Herminigildo Mosquedo as president.

Post-independence

The Philippines became independent from the United States on July 4, 1946. On November 11, 1947, Pedro Romanos is the first elected mayor of Alcoy in the post-war era. In 1971, Catalino de los Santos is elected mayor and remained in office during the Martial Law period until the EDSA Revolution in 1986. The Dolomite Mining Corporation is established in 1980.

Contemporary

Eusebio Sestoso becomes the elected mayor of Alcoy after the EDSA Revolution in 1988. During the administration of Antonio Plando, the Siloy Festival is launched in 2005. Michael Angelo Sestoso wins the mayoralty election in 2016.

Geography
Alcoy is  from Cebu City.

It is bordered to the north by the town of Dalaguete, to the west is the town of Alegria, to the east is the Cebu Strait, and to the south is the town of Boljoon.

Barangays
Alcoy is politically subdivided into 8 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Daan-Lungsod and Guiwang

Daan-Lungsod, formerly known as Mambaje, is the southernmost barangay of Alcoy. Tingko Beach is located partly in this small barangay and partly in Guiwang. A fiesta is held in Daan-Lungsod every 3 May in honor of Santa Cruz. There is a reef called Mabad-on which appears during low tide, and is completely submerged during high tide. Mabad-on is listed as Mambahi Reef in the Philippine maritime and navigation map.

The elementary school is located in Guiwang. Guiwang celebrates 13 June the feast day of Saint Anthony of Padua.

Two baluwarti (watchtowers) still stand in the two barangays. The watchtowers are the oldest-surviving structures in Alcoy and they are reminders of the Spanish occupation of Cebu Island. They were used to warn the locals that pirates were coming. Originally a settlement of Dalaguete, it was founded by the Spaniards in 1880 and was developed into a stop-over station for priests going to Dalaguete. In 1869, via a royal decree, Mambaje became a municipality and was renamed to Alcoy, after a city in Spain.

Poblacion

The Poblacion is the principal barangay of Alcoy. It is where the main facilities of the town are located: the municipal government center, police station, and main health center.

Pugalo

The country's largest dolomite quarry is mined in Pugalo.

Climate

Tourist attractions

Alcoy's Nug-as forest is the last rainforest of Cebu. It borders the town of Argao and is connected to the town's Lantoy Mountain. It is the home of the Black Shama (Copsychus Cebuensis), a local species of song bird in the family Muscicapidae that is only found in Cebu, where it is known locally as "Siloy".

The Siloy Festival is Alcoy's nature festival and eco-tourism project. It is in honor of St. Rose of Lima. The festival takes its name from the local term of the Black Shama. The festival is a project meant to promote awareness of the Black Shama and its endangered nature and to help preserve Cebu's endemic Shama species of birds, as well to help save Mother Earth. It is celebrated on 23 August every year.

Demographics

Economy

Alcoy is mainly an agricultural town with Nugas, a mountain barangay, more than half of commercial crops. The rest of the communities rely on subsistence fishing and backyard farming. The country's largest dolomite quarry is mined in Pugalo. Beaches are located in Guiwang and Daanlungsod.

Education
The public schools in the town of Alcoy are administered by one school district under the Schools Division of Cebu Province.

Elementary schools:
 Alcoy Central Elementary School — N. Bacalso Avenue, Poblacion
 Bulalacao Elementary School — Sitio Bulalacao, Nug-as
 Caidiocan Primary School — Sitio Caidiocan, Poblacion
 Guiwang Elementary School — Guiwang
 Lalin Elementary School — Sitio Lalin, Atabay
 Nug-as Elementary School — Nug-as
 San Agustin Elementary School — San Agustin

High schools:
 Alcoy National High School — Poblacion
 Nug-as National High School — Nug-as

Integrated schools:
 Pasol-Pugalo Integrated School — Pugalo

References

External links

 [ Philippine Standard Geographic Code]

Municipalities of Cebu

Alcoy, Cebu


Bernard Looney est un homme d'affaires irlandais, né en  dans le comté de Kerry.

Il est ancien directeur général de la multinationale de l'énergie BP où il était entré en 1991. Il a été contraint de démissionner le 12 septembre 2023, pour n'avoir pas déclaré toutes ses relations passées au sein de l'entreprise.

Biographie

Formation
Bernard Looney est titulaire d'une licence en génie électrique de l'University College Dublin, ainsi que d'une maîtrise en gestion de la Stanford Graduate School of Business.

Carrière
Bernard Looney entre comme ingénieur chez BP en 1991.

Il est successivement affecté dans divers types de postes à but opérationnel ou de gestion, dans plusieurs régions du monde, comme l'Alaska, le golfe du Mexique, le Viêt Nam et la mer du Nord britannique. Il fait notamment partie de l'équipe envoyée en urgence pour lutter contre la catastrophe de la plateforme pétrolière Deepwater Horizon en 2010 dans le golfe du Mexique.

Le 5 février 2020, il est nommé directeur général (« chief executive officer ») du groupe BP. En 2023, il est devenu le premier PDG à présider à une baisse de la valeur d'une pension de bp lorsqu'il a rejeté une proposition de coût de la vie des administrateurs du fonds de pension. Le 12 septembre 2023, il est contraint de démissionner de son poste de directeur général du groupe bp.

Distinctions honorifiques
Bernard Looney est titulaire d'un doctorat honorifique de l'University College Dublin.

Il est également membre de la Royal Academy of Engineering, de l'Irish Academy of Engineering et de l'Energy Institute.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en 1970
Personnalité de BP
Naissance en Irlande (pays)
Naissance dans le comté de Kerry

Bernard Looney


قورية أو قورية الكبيرة أكبر جزر أرخبيل قورية الذي يقع في الوسط التونسي شرق مدينة المنستير.

مراجع

انظر أيضا
 أرخبيل قورية.
 كونيليارة.

جزر تونس

قورية


Un aminoxid, de asemenea cunoscut și ca oxid de amină sau N-oxid, este un tip de compus organic care conține grupa funcțională R3N+−O−, cu o legătură covalentă coordinativă N-O și trei legături covalente între atomul de azot și grupele R. Adesea, se scrie R3N→O. În sensul strict, termenul se referă doar la oxizi ai aminelor terțiare, dar mai poate fi folosit și pentru derivații aminelor primare și secundare.

Obținere
Aminoxizii sunt preparați în urma reacției de oxidare a aminelor terțiare sau a derivaților de piridină. Agenții oxidanți folosiți sunt: peroxid de hidrogen (H2O2), acidul lui Caro sau peracizi, precum acidul meta-cloroperoxibenzoic.

Proprietăți

Vezi și
 Amină
 Hidroxilamină
 Sulfoxid

Referințe

Grupe funcționale

Aminoxid


Wyre is a local government district with borough status on the coast of Lancashire, England. The council is based in Poulton-le-Fylde and the borough also contains the towns of Cleveleys, Fleetwood, Garstang, Preesall and Thornton, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Some of the borough's built-up areas form part of the wider Blackpool urban area. Eastern parts of the borough lie within the Forest of Bowland, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The borough is named after the River Wyre, which runs through the area and meets the sea at Fleetwood. There are no road or rail connections between the parts of the borough either side of the Wyre estuary, and it is necessary to cross the neighbouring Fylde district in order to travel between the two parts of Wyre, or else use the Wyre Estuary Ferry between Fleetwood and Knott End.

The neighbouring districts are Blackpool, Fylde, Preston, Ribble Valley and Lancaster.

History
The district was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, as a non-metropolitan district covering the territory of five former districts, which were abolished at the same time:
Fleetwood Municipal Borough
Garstang Rural District
Poulton-le-Fylde Urban District
Preesall Urban District
Thornton-Cleveleys Urban District

The new district was named Wyre after the river. The new district was awarded borough status from its creation, allowing the chair of the council to take the title of mayor.

Governance

Wyre Borough Council, which styles itself "Wyre Council", provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Lancashire County Council. Much of the borough is covered by civil parishes, which form a third tier of local government.

Political control
The council has been under Conservative majority control since 1999.

The first election to the council was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until coming into its powers on 1 April 1974. Since 1974 political control of the council has been as follows:

Leadership
The role of mayor is largely ceremonial in Wyre. Political leadership is instead provided by the leader of the council. The leaders since 2010 have been:

Composition
Following the 2023 election the composition of the council was:

The next election is due in 2027.

Elections

Since the last boundary changes in 2015 the council has comprised 50 councillors representing 24 wards, with each ward electing one, two or three councillors. Elections are held every four years.

Wyre straddles three parliamentary constituencies: Wyre and Preston North, Lancaster and Fleetwood and Blackpool North and Cleveleys.

Premises
The council is based at the Civic Centre on Breck Road in Poulton-le-Fylde. The building was originally a large house called Woodlands, later serving as a convalescent hospital and teacher training college before becoming the council's headquarters in 1988.

Towns and parishes
Much of the borough is covered by civil parishes. The parish councils for Fleetwood, Garstang and Preesall have declared their parishes to be towns, allowing them to take the style "town council". The former urban districts of Poulton-le-Fylde and Thornton-Cleveleys form an unparished area.

Freedom of the Borough
The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Wyre.

 Doreen Lofthouse: 13 June 2003.
 The Duke of Lancaster's Regiment: 12 April 2018.

External links
Wyre Council website

References

Local government in the Borough of Wyre
Non-metropolitan districts of Lancashire
Boroughs in England

Borough of Wyre


Emile Severeyns (født 28. august 1931 i Schoten, død 30. november 1979 i Antwerpen) var en cykelrytter fra Belgien. Han kørte både landevejs- og banecykling.

Han startede ved 151 seksdagesløb, og vandt de 25. Af de 25 sejre var de 19 med makkeren Rik Van Steenbergen, hvor sejrene ved Københavns seksdagesløb i 1958 og 1960 var nogle af dem. Severeyns vandt også to løb i Montreal med danske Palle Lykke Jensen.

På landevej vandt han blandt andet GP Briek Schotte.

Eksterne henvisninger

Mandlige cykelryttere fra Belgien
Vindere af Københavns seksdagesløb

Emile Severeyns


WrestleMania XXVI  a fost cea de-a douăzecișișasea ediție a pay-per-view-ului WrestleMania organizat de World Wrestling Entertainment. Evenimentul a avut loc pe data de 28 martie 2010 în arena University of Phoenix Stadium din Glendale, Arizona.

WrestleMania 26 este a treia gală desfășurată în aer liber (primul spectacol de acest fel fiind WrestleMania IX).

Rezultate

 26-Man Battle Royal
 Yoshi Tatsu a câștigat meciul, eliminându-l ultimul pe Zack Ryder.
 Unified WWE Tag Team Championship: The Miz si Big Show i-a învins pe John Morrison si R-Truth păstrându-și campionatele pe echipe (3:24) Show l-a numărat pe Morrison, după aplicarea unui KO Punch.
 Triple Threat match: Randy Orton i-a învins pe Cody Rhodes si Ted DiBiase  (9:01) Orton l-a numărat pe DiBiase, după aplicarea unui RKO.
 Money in the Bank: Jack Swagger i-a învins pe Christian, Dolph Ziggler, Kane, Shelton Benjamin, Montel Vontavious Porter, Matt Hardy, Evan Bourne, Drew McIntyre, Kofi Kingston (13:44) Swagger a castigat după ce a luat servieta suspendată
 Aceasta a fost ultima lupta Money in the Bank la Wrestlemania
 Triple H l-a învins pe Sheamus (12:09) Triple H l-a numărat pe Sheamus, după aplicarea unui Pedigree
 Rey Mysterio l-a învins pe CM Punk (6:30) Mysterio l-a numărat pe Punk, dupa aplicarea unui 619 urmat de un Springboard Splash
 No Holds Barred Lumberjack match Bret Hart l-a învins pe Vince McMahon (cu Bruce Hart arbitru special) (11:09) Hart l-a numărat pe McMahon, după aplicarea unui Sharpshooter
 WWE World Heavyweight Championship: Chris Jericho l-a învins pe Edge păstrându-și titlul (15:48) Jericho l-a numărat pe Edge, după aplicarea unui Codebreaker.
 In timpul meciului Jericho l-a atacat pe Edge cu campionatul
 Vickie Guerrero, Maryse, Michelle McCool, Alicia Fox si Layla le-a învins pe Beth Phoenix, Gail Kim, Kelly Kelly, Mickie James si Eve Torres(3:36) Vickie a numărato pe Kelly, după aplicarea unui Cougar Splash.
 WWE Championship: John Cena l-a învins pe Batista câștigând titlul WWE Championship (13:31) Cena l-a făcut pe Batista sa cedeze dupa un STF
 Streak vs. Carrer No Disqualification Match The Undertaker l-a învins pe Shawn Michaels (24:04)'''
 The Undertaker a câștigat dupa un Tombstone Piledriver remânând neînvins la WrestleMania, recordul său urcând la 18-0.
 In consecinta infrangeri, Michaels sa retras din wrestling
 Dupa meci Undertaker la ajutat pe Michaels sa ridice in semnal de respect

WrestleMania

WrestleMania XXVI


This article lists the winners and nominees for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Drama Series. Originally entitled Outstanding Drama Series, Mini-Series or Television Movie, the award was first given in 1991, before being retitled to its current name in 1995. Grey's Anatomy currently holds the record for most wins in this category with five.

Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and highlighted in bold.

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Multiple wins and nominations

Wins

 5 wins
 Grey's Anatomy

 3 wins
 Soul Food
 Touched by an Angel

 2 wins
 I'll Fly Away
 In the Heat of the Night
 New York Undercover
 Queen Sugar
 Scandal

Nominations

 10 nominations
 Grey's Anatomy

 7 nominations
 ER

 5 nominations
 Queen Sugar
 Soul Food
 The Wire

 4 nominations
 This Is Us
 Touched by an Angel
 Treme

 3 nominations
 24
 Boardwalk Empire
 Boston Public
 Homicide: Life on the Street
 House
 Lincoln Heights
 New York Undercover
 The Practice
 Scandal
 The Unit

 2 nominations
 The Chi
 Greenleaf
 Godfather of Harlem
 Power
 Underground

References

NAACP Image Awards


Caspar Barlaeus (Amberes, 12 de febrero de 1584-Ámsterdam, 14 de enero de 1648) teólogo, humanista, poeta e historiador holandés.

Biografía
Nacido Caspar (Kaspar) van Baarle (y más conocido por su nombre en latín), estudió teología y fue clérigo antes de hacerse profesor de lógica en la Universidad de Leiden.

A partir de 1631 trabajó en el Athenaeum Illustre de Ámsterdam. Esta institución, acogida en la cuatrocentista Agnietenkapel, se considera antecesora de la Universidad de Ámsterdam. Barlaeus trabajó también como médico.  Vivió en Caen algún tiempo, habiendo defendido la causa arminiana y predicando en Nieuwe-Tonge.

Obra
Barlaeus publicó varios volúmenes de poesía, especialmente en latín. Escribió también la eulogía que acompaña el retrato del cartógrafo Willem Blaeu, datado en 1622. Se interesó por varios aspectos de la cartografía y la historia. En 1622 tradujo la "Descripción de las Indias Occidentales" de Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas. En 1627 compuso el texto para el atlas de Italia organizado por Jodocus Hondius y estudió la geografía del imperio colonial neerlandés en Brasil.

Obra
Manes Auriaci (1625)
Hymnus ad Christum (1628)
Poemata (1628)
Medicea hospes (1638)
Faces augustae (1643)
Rerum in Brasilia et alibi gestarum (1647)
Verscheyde Nederduytsche gedichten (1651)
Mercator sapiens, sive Oratio de coniungendis mercaturae et philosophiae studiis

Enlaces externos
 Obras de Caspar Barlaeus en la Biblioteca Digital Curt Nimuendaju

 Barron Maps
 Barlaeus Poemata
Barlaeus: Bibliographia
 Plante's obituary and epitaph
 National Maritime Museum
 Asherbooks Rare Books
 Festival Books
 Historia naturalis Brasiliae

Personas de Amberes
Alumnado de la Universidad de Leiden
Historiadores de los Países Bajos del siglo XVII
Humanistas de los Países Bajos
Teólogos de los Países Bajos del siglo XVII
Médicos de los Países Bajos del siglo XVII
Escritores del Siglo de oro neerlandés
Escritores de Flandes
Escritores en latín del siglo XVII
Escritores de Bélgica del siglo XVII
Nacidos en Amberes
Fallecidos en Ámsterdam

Caspar Barlaeus