Der Schweinsgrund am Tannen und Lissauer Berge ist ein ehemaliges Naturschutzgebiet im gemeindefreien Gebiet Göhrde im Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg in Niedersachsen.

Allgemeines
Das ehemalige Naturschutzgebiet mit dem Kennzeichen NSG LÜ 112 ist 88 Hektar groß. Es stand seit dem 2. Mai 1985 unter Naturschutz und ersetzte in diesem Bereich das mit Verordnung vom 1. August 1974 ausgewiesene Landschaftsschutzgebiet "Elbhöhen-Drawehn" mit dem Kennzeichen DAN 27. Die Naturschutzgebietsverordnung wurde zum 21. Januar 2021 aufgehoben und das Gebiet wieder Teil des Landschaftsschutzgebietes "Elbhöhen-Drawehn". Zuständige untere Naturschutzbehörde war der Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg.

Beschreibung
Das ehemalige Naturschutzgebiet liegt südwestlich des Ortes Göhrde innerhalb des Naturparks Elbhöhen-Wendland im Staatsforst Göhrde. Es stellte einen Ausschnitt des Staatsforstes Göhrde unter Naturschutz, der hier von einem plenterwaldartigen Mischwald geprägt wird. Das Waldbild ist das Ergebnis dieser für die Göhrde damals nicht üblichen Waldbautechnik der einzelstamm- bis horstweisen Waldbewirtschaftung.

Die Hauptbaumart ist die Fichte. Daneben sind in erster Linie Kiefer, Traubeneiche, Buche und Birke zu finden. Im Wald sind vereinzelt verheidete Lichtungen eingestreut.

Durch die Bewirtschaftung der Landesforsten nach den 1991 erlassenen LÖWE-Vorgaben zur langfristigen ökologischen Waldentwicklung ist aus der damals seltenen Wirtschaftswaldform ein weit verbreiteter Standard geworden, so dass ein wesentlicher Schutzzweck entfällt. Ebenso stand die in der Naturschutzverordnung festgelegte Förderung von Nadelholzarten der heute erwünschten Förderung standorttypischer Waldgesellschaften entgegen. Da die im Gebiet dominierenden Fichtenbestände unter der Trockenheit der letzten Jahre vor der Löschung des Naturschutzgebietes stark betroffen waren, sind die Bestände voraussichtlich mittelfristig nicht zu halten, so dass ein Bestandsumbau in dem Gebiet nötig wird. Als Ausgleich für die Löschung des Naturschutzgebietes wurde das ebenfalls im Staatsforst Göhrde liegende, aus vier Teilflächen bestehende Naturschutzgebiet "Eichen- und Buchenwälder in der Göhrde" um rund 89 Hektar vergrößert. Die Heideflächen im ehemaligen Naturschutzgebiet bleiben gesetzlich geschützte Biotope gemäß Bundesnaturschutzgesetz.

Das Gebiet, das vollständig von weiteren Waldgesellschaften umgeben ist, wird von der Landesstraße 253 zwischen Göhrde und Himbergen durchschnitten.

Einzelnachweise

Ehemaliges Naturschutzgebiet im Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg
Waldschutzgebiet in Niedersachsen
Göhrde (gemeindefreies Gebiet)
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa


Die Exzenter-Zugstange ist eine fest installierte Vorrichtung, die bei einer Waschbecken-Armatur fest integriert ist oder angebracht werden kann, um das Anheben und das Absenken des Ventiltellers eines Ablaufventils zu erleichtern.

Die Mechanik zur Steuerung wird vor oder hinter der Armatur angebracht. Im einfachsten Fall besteht die Exzenter-Zugstange aus zwei Stangen und einem Gelenk mit einer Führung. Die gesamte Mechanik kann sich innerhalb der Keramik befinden oder auch außerhalb der Waschmuschel installiert werden.

Sanitärtechnik

Exzenter-Zugstange


Santiago Martínez Martín (Villaverde del Río, Sevilla, 2 de febrero de 1890 - Sevilla, 11 de noviembre de 1979) fue un pintor español.

Biografía
Se inició en el mundo artístico de la mano de varios pintores de renombre, como José García Ramos, Gonzalo Bilbao y Joaquín Sorolla. A partir de 1906 cursó estudios en la Escuela de Artes y Oficios de Sevilla de la que más tarde sería profesor y director.  Fue nombrado Catedrático de Bellas artes de la Universidad de Sevilla y participó en varias Exposiciones nacionales de Bellas Artes. En el año 1925 ingresó en la Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Isabel de Hungría de Sevilla y en 1964 en la de San Fernando de Madrid.

Referencias

Pintores de España del siglo XX

Santiago Martínez Martín


Bijela joha (lat. Alnus incana), jedna od 46 vrsta joha (Alnus) iz porodice brezovki. To je listopadno stablo stožastog oblika krošnje koje naraste do 20 metara visine. Korijen joj je plitak ali širok i dobro razgranjen. Kora debla je glatka, sivkaste boje, listovi jajoliki, na vrhu ušiljeni, a cvjetovi jednospolni i jednodomni. Plod jer češer koji doztrijeva u rujnu i listopadu.

Bijela joha raste po sjevernoj polutki, Euroazija i Sjeverna Amerika.

Jedna je od tri vrste joha koje rastu u Hrvatskoj, ostale dvije su planinska ili zelena joha i crna joha.

Podvrste
 Alnus incana subsp. incana
 Alnus incana subsp. kolaensis (Orlova) Á.Löve & D.Löve
 Alnus incana subsp. rugosa (Du Roi) R.T.Clausen
 Alnus incana subsp. tenuifolia (Nutt.) Breitung

Izvori

Joha
Flora Kanade
Flora SAD-a
Flora Europe
Flora zapadnog Sibira
Flora Kavkaza
Flora Turske

Bijela joha


Die Estoril Open waren ein Golfturnier. Es wurde vom 15. bis 18. April 1999 im Rahmen der PGA European Tour in dem Golfresort Penha Longa in São Pedro de Penaferrim (Kreis Sintra) ausgetragen. Sieger wurde der Franzose Jean-François Remésy, der als einziger Spieler unter Par blieb. Weitere Turniere fanden nicht mehr statt.

Siegerliste

Weblinks
 Ergebnisse des Turniers bei der PGA European Tour

Golfturnier
Sportveranstaltung in der Região de Lisboa
Sportveranstaltung 1999
Sport (Sintra)
Golf (Portugal)

Estoril Open (Golf)


කොළඹ, ශාන්ත ලුසියා විදුහල, ඩී එස් සේනානායක විදුහල, යෙර්වාන ප්‍රාන්ත විශ්ව විද්‍යාලය සහා බ්‍රිංගැම් යංග් විශ්ව විද්‍යාලයෙන් අධ්‍යාපන හැදෑරූ මුතුමුදලිගේ නිශ්ශංක මහතා මේ වන විට ලියා ඇති කෘතීන් ප්‍රමාණය පහළොවකට ආසන්නය. එයින් කෘතීන් එකොළහක් මේ වන විටත් මුද්‍රණයෙන් පිට වී ඇති අතර තවත් කෘතීන් පහක් ලබන වසර තුළ පිටවීමට නියමිතව ඇත.  ඔහු මේ වන විට ස්විස්ටර්ලන්තයේ "සොලිකොෆෙන්" හී ජීවත් වෙයි.

ඔහු විසින් රචිත ස්වතන්ත්‍රර කෘතීන්

කෙටිකතා : ලස්සන කෙටිකතා පනහක්

නවකතා : බෝම්බ තුනක්, පෝ, බාබා එක්ස්, එක දවසක් රෑ, කොළඹ ප්‍රහාරය, හඳට ගල් ගැසූ කොල්ලෙක්

ත්‍රිත්ව කතා මාලාව : ත්‍රිත්ව, බේබී, වීනස්

ගෝහාර් කතා මාලාව : ගෝහාර්, ගුස්තා, මීෂා

පරිවර්තන : ගිකෝර්

නිකුත් වීමට නියමිත කෘතීන් :  මේ අත කාගෙද?, රත්තරං වටින කතා, ආසික්ලන්තය, ලිංගික යථාර්තවාදියෙක්, හෝ හෝ මරීනා, බ්ලූමැන්ඩල්, හොවානෙස් තුමාන්‍යාන්ගේ කතා.

මුතුමුදලිගේ නිශ්ශංක


496 (four hundred [and] ninety-six) is the natural number following 495 and preceding 497.

In mathematics
496 is most notable for being a perfect number, and one of the earliest numbers to be recognized as such. As a perfect number, it is tied to the Mersenne prime 31, 25 − 1, with 24 (25 − 1) yielding 496. Also related to its being a perfect number, 496 is a harmonic divisor number, since the number of proper divisors of 496 divided by the sum of the reciprocals of its divisors, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, 62, 124, 248 and 496, (the harmonic mean), yields an integer, 5 in this case.

A triangular number and a hexagonal number, 496 is also a centered nonagonal number. Being the 31st triangular number, 496 is the smallest counterexample to the hypothesis that one more than an even triangular prime-indexed number is a prime number. It is the largest happy number less than 500.

There is no solution to the equation φ(x) = 496, making 496 a nontotient.

E8 has real dimension 496.

In physics
The number 496 is a very important number in superstring theory. In 1984, Michael Green and John H. Schwarz realized that one of the necessary conditions for a superstring theory to make sense is that the dimension of the gauge group of type I string theory must be 496. The group is therefore SO(32). Their discovery started the first superstring revolution. It was realized in 1985 that the heterotic string can admit another possible gauge group, namely E8 x E8.

Telephone numbers
The UK's Ofcom reserves telephone numbers in many dialing areas in the 496 local block for fictional purposes, such as 0114 496-1234.

See also
 AD 496

References

Integers

496 (number)


مصر للطيران إكسبريس هي شركة طيران مصرية سابقة، كانت إحدى الشركات التابعة للشركة القابضة لمصر للطيران، أنشئت في يونيو 2007، اتخذت من مطار القاهرة الدولي مقراً لعملياتها، تعتبر مصر للطيران إكسبريس شركة طيران إقليمية، حيث أنشئت خصيصاً من أجل خدمة الخطوط الداخلية (داخل مصر) وبعض الخطوط الإقليمية، وذلك من خلال الطائرات ذات الطراز الصغير من نوع إمبراير 170.

في 4 نوفمبر 2019, تم دمج شركة مصر للطيران اكسبريس الي مصر للطيران للخطوط الجوية صمن خطة إعادة هيكلة الشركة، بحيث ان يتم انهاء عمل قطاع عمليات اكسبريس في يونيو 2020 بعد بيع اخر طائرة لديها من طراز إمبراير 170 ونقل العاملين بالشركة لشركة مصر للطيران ليكون التشغيل تحت قطاع عمليات الشركة الأم.

انظر أيضًا
 مصر للطيران للشحن
 مصر للطيران للخدمات الأرضية

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

انحلالات سنة 2019 في مصر
تأسيسات سنة 2006 في مصر
شركات حكومية مصرية
شركات طيران انحلت في 2019
شركات طيران أسست سنة 2006
شركات طيران سابقة في مصر
شركات مصرية أسست في 2006
علامات تجارية مصرية
مصر للطيران
شركات سابقة في مصر

مصر للطيران إكسبريس


Ortaklar, Samsun ilinin Havza ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Mahallenin kuruluş tarihi oldukça eski olup, tarihi belgelerde Vezirköprü'ye bağlı olarak geçmektedir.

Coğrafya
Samsun iline 96 km, Havza ilçesine11 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Havza'nın mahalleleri

Ortaklar, Havza


Ramón Ovidio Pérez Morales (Pregonero, 26 de junho de 1932) é prelado católico venezuelano. É bispo emérito de Los Teques.

Biografia

Ramón Ovidio Pérez Morales foi ordenado sacerdote em 26 de outubro de 1958 e foi incardinado no clero da Arquidiocese de Caracas, Santiago da Venezuela.

Papa Paulo VI nomeou-o em 2 de dezembro de 1970 bispo titular de Aquae Albae em Bizacena e bispo auxiliar em Caracas, Santiago da Venezuela. O arcebispo de Caracas, Cardeal José Humberto Quintero Parra, concedeu-lhe a consagração episcopal em 19 de março de 1971; Os co-consagrantes foram Antonio del Giudice, Núncio Apostólico na Venezuela, e Eduardo Francisco Pironio, Bispo Auxiliar de La Plata.

Em 20 de maio de 1980, João Paulo II o nomeou Bispo de Coro e em 23 de dezembro de 1992 Arcebispo de Maracaibo. Em 5 de junho de 1999 foi nomeado arcebispo ad personam de Los Teques. Entre 1990 e 1996, foi presidente da Conferência Episcopal Venezuelana.

Ele renunciou ao cargo em 30 de dezembro de 2004.

Ver também

Naturais de Táchira
Arcebispos católicos da Venezuela

Ramón Ovidio Pérez Morales


Aderus trilineatus é uma espécie de inseto besouro da família Aderidae. Foi descrita cientificamente por Maurice Pic em 1920.

Distribuição geográfica
Habita nas montanhas Usambara (Tanzânia).

Referências

trilineatus
Coleópteros da Tanzânia
Coleópteros descritos em 1920
Espécies descritas por Maurice Pic

Aderus trilineatus


Swamp Ophelia is the fifth studio album by the Indigo Girls, released in 1994.

Track listing

Personnel
Indigo Girls
Amy Ray - vocals, acoustic and electric guitar (lead on Fugitive, rhythm elsewhere)
Emily Saliers - vocals, acoustic, classical and electric guitar (rhythm and lead), bouzouki
Musicians
Jerry Marotta - drums (all except 10 & 11), percussion, bongos, African drums, marimba
Sara Lee - bass (all except 9-11)
Michael Lorant - drums (11), guest/backing vocals (1, 2, 4, 8, 11)
Jan Dykes - bass (6, 11)
Danny Thompson - acoustic bass (4, 5, 7, 8)
Tony Levin - Chapman stick (9)
Chuck Leavell - piano (1, 3, 5), chimes (1)
John Mark Painter - baritone guitar (1), flugelhorn (1, 5, 6), accordion (2), string arrangement (6, 11), electric guitar (11)
Mike Batt - string and woodwind arrangement, conductor on "The Wood Song"
Connie Grauer - melodica, bass synthesizer (9)
Kim Zick - triangle, snare, tom tom, timpani (9)
Lisa Germano - penny whistle (1), mandolin (1, 4, 5), violin (4, 7, 8)
Jane Scarpantoni, Anthony Lamarchina - cello
Jo-El Sonnier - accordion (2)
Bill Newton - chromatic harmonica (5)
James Hall - trumpet (1, 6)
David Davidson, Sheila Doyle, Christian Teal - violin
Kristin Wilkinson - viola
Jane Siberry (3), The Roches (4, 8), Sam "Shake" Anderson (5), Larry Ray Sr. (9) - backing vocals

Reception
The Allmusic review noted that "Amy Ray and Emily Saliers continue to hone their signature lush melodies .... The Indigo Girls are no longer afraid to hit upon past relationships and personal emotion. Saliers and Ray's incredible harmonies are most stylish .... [b]ut the duo also move beyond the sweet and tender by dipping into darker realms .... This album is another humanistic effort from the Indigo Girls' deep and indwelling passions and ideas."

In 2015, the Indigo Girls were invited by Justin Vernon of Bon Iver to perform Swamp Ophelia in its entirety at the inaugural Eaux Claires festival, which Vernon founded. Vernon has written that Swamp Ophelia was one of his sister Kim's favorite albums, and after she urged him to listen to it, it became one of his as well.

Covers
In 2009, Michael Feinstein covered "The Power of Two" in his nightclub act and studio album The Power of Two with Cheyenne Jackson, using the song's title for both the album and act as well. In 2010, Filipino pop rock singer Aiza Seguerra also covered the song. In 2012, Filipino acoustic pop singer Nyoy Volante and his acoustic band, "Rhythmic Circle" also covered the song on the OPM pop compilation album 90's Music Comes Alive.

References

1994 albums
Indigo Girls albums
Albums produced by Peter Collins (record producer)
Epic Records albums

Swamp Ophelia


184011 Andypuckett este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
184011 Andypuckett este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Charleston, Illinois de Robert Holmes (astronom). Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,43 ua, o excentricitate de 0,09 și o înclinație de 6,1° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 184001-185000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2004
Centura de asteroizi

184011 Andypuckett


STAT, Stat. , or stat may refer to:

 stat (system call), a Unix system call that returns file attributes of an inode
 Stat (TV series), an American sitcom that aired in 1991
 Stat (website), a health-oriented news website
 STAT protein, a signal transducer and activator protein
 Special Tertiary Admissions Test (STAT), an Australian scholastic aptitude test
 St. Albert Transit (StAT), the public transportation system in St. Albert, Alberta, Canada
 stat, an abbreviation of statim that means "immediately" in medical jargon
 Stat., abbreviation of United States Statutes at Large
 Statistic (role-playing games), a piece of data which represents a particular aspect of a fictional character

See also
 Strat (disambiguation)

STAT


Tai-Lee Muxlow (née le  à Cardiff) est une coureuse cycliste australienne. Spécialisée en VTT dans les disciplines de descente et dual slalom. Elle a commencé en BMX ou elle est triple championne d'Australie (1990, 1992 et 1993).

Palmarès en VTT

Championnats du monde
1998
  aux championnats du monde du dual slalom
2000
  aux championnats du monde de la descente
2001
  aux championnats du monde du dual slalom
2002
  aux championnats du monde du dual slalom
  aux championnats du monde de la descente

 Coupe du monde
Coupe du monde de dual slalom
  en 1999 -  de l'épreuve de Big Bear  en 2001
  en 2003 -  de l'épreuve de Grouse Mountain Championnats d'Océanie
2003
  Championne d'Océanie de descente

 Championnats d'Australie
1998
  du championnat d'Australie de descente1999
  Championne d'Australie de descente
2001
  Championne d'Australie de descente
2002
  Championne d'Australie de descente
2003
  Championne d'Australie de descente
2006
  du championnat d'Australie de descente Autres
2003
  de Big Bear (Descente) Palmarès en BMX
 Championnats d'Australie
1983
  Championne d'Australie de BMX (+ 10 ans)
1984
  Championne d'Australie de BMX (+ 11 ans)
1985
  du championnats d'Australie de BMX (+ 12 ans)''
1986
  Championne d'Australie de BMX (+ 13 ans)
1987
  Championne d'Australie de BMX (+ 14 ans)
1988
  Championne d'Australie de BMX (+ 15 ans)
1989
  Championne d'Australie de BMX (+ 16 ans)
1990
  Championne d'Australie de BMX
1992
  Championne d'Australie de BMX
1993
  Championne d'Australie de BMX

Distinctions
 2002 : Cycliste féminine de VTT australienne de l'année
 2019 : Introduction au Temple de la renommée australienne du BMX

Notes et références

Liens externes

Coureuse cycliste australienne
Coureuse de VTT
Coureuse de BMX
Naissance en février 1973
Naissance en Nouvelle-Galles du Sud

Tai-Lee Muxlow


زكرياء عاطفي ممثل مغربي اشتهر بأفلامه العديدة خصوصا في الألفية الجديدة، من أبرزها فيلم الطريق الصحيح، الفرح الصغير والدار البيضاء باي نايت والمسلسل التلفزي موعد مع المجهول وغيرها.

مراجع

روابط خارجية

ممثلون وممثلات مغاربة

زكرياء عاطفي


Karrar (bespilotna letjelica), iranska bespilotna letjelica
 Karrar (tenk), iranski tenk
 Karrer (krater), krater na [Mjesec]]u
 Karrar (ime), osobno ime
 Karrar (naselje), naselje u Kjurdamirskom rajonu u Azerbajdžanu

Karrar


The Great Rann of Kutch (or Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh) is a salt marsh in the Thar Desert in the Kutch District of Gujarat, India. It is about 7500 km2 (2900 sq miles) in area and is reputed to be one of the largest salt deserts in the world. This area has been inhabited by the Kutchi people.

The Hindi word is derived from Sanskrit/Vedic word  (इरिण) attested in the Rigveda and Mahabharata. It is an extension of the Thar Desert.

Location and description

The Little Rann of Kutch, including the Banni grasslands on its southern edge, is situated in the district of Kutch and comprises some  between the Gulf of Kutch and the mouth of the Indus River in southern Pakistan. The marsh can be accessed from the village of Kharaghoda in Surendranagar District. The Great Rann of Kutch together with the Little Rann of Kutch is called Rann of Kutch.

In India's summer monsoon, the flat semi-desert of salty clay and mudflats, which average 15 meters above sea level, fills with standing water. In very wet years, the wetland extends from the Gulf of Kutch on the west through to the Gulf of Khambhat on the east.

The area was a vast shallow of the Arabian Sea until continuing geological uplift closed off the connection with the sea, creating a vast lake that was still navigable during the time of Alexander the Great. The Ghaggar River, which presently empties into the semi-desert of northern Rajasthan, formerly emptied into the Rann of Kutch, but the lower reaches of the river dried up as its upstream tributaries were captured by the Indus and Ganges thousands of years ago. Traces of the delta and its distributary channels on the northern boundary of the Rann of Kutch were documented by the Geological Survey of India in 2000.

The Luni River, which originates in Rajasthan, drains into the semi-desert in the northeast corner of the Rann. Other rivers feeding into the marsh include the Rupen from the east and the West Banas River from the northeast. Nara Canal or Puran river which is a delta channel of the Indus River empties during floods into Kori Creek located in the Great Rann of Kutch.

There are sandy islets of thorny scrub, forming a wildlife sanctuary and a breeding ground for some of the largest flocks of greater and lesser flamingos. Wildlife, including the Indian wild ass, shelter on islands of higher ground, called bets, during the flooding.

Climate
This is one of the hottest areas of India – with summer temperatures averaging and peaking at 49.5 °C. Winter temperatures diminish dramatically and can drop to below .

Threats and preservation
Although most of the marsh is in protected areas, the habitats are vulnerable to cattle grazing, firewood collection, and salt extraction operations, all of which may involve transportation that disturbs wildlife. There are several wildlife sanctuaries and protected reserves on the Indian side in the Rann of Kutch region. From the city of Bhuj, various ecologically rich and wildlife conservation areas of the Kutch/Kachchh district can be visited such as Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary, Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary, Narayan Sarovar Sanctuary, Kutch Bustard Sanctuary, Banni Grasslands Reserve and Chari-Dhand Wetland Conservation Reserve.

Indo-Pakistan international border

In India the northern boundary of the Greater Rann of Kutch forms the International Border between India and Pakistan, it is heavily patrolled by India's Border Security Force (BSF) and the Indian Army conducts exercises here to acclimatize its troops to this harsh terrain.

This inhospitable salty lowland, rich in natural gas, was one scene of perennial border disputes between India and Pakistan that, in April 1965, contributed to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Later the same year, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Wilson persuaded the combatants to end hostilities and establish a tribunal to resolve the dispute. A verdict was reached in 1968 which saw Pakistan getting 10% of its claim of . 90% was awarded to India, although India claimed 100% of the region. Tensions spurted again in 1999 during the Atlantique incident. Elements of dispute remain in Sir Creek, since 1969, there have been twelve rounds of talks between the two nations, without a breakthrough. The twelfth round was completed in June 2012.

Indus River floods
The Indus River had been flowing into Rann of Kutch area and Rann of Kutch used to be its catchment area forming part of its delta. Indus river delta branch/channel called Koree river shifted its course after an earthquake in 1819 isolating Rann of Kutch from its delta. Pakistan has constructed the Left Bank Outfall Drain (LBOD) project to bypass the saline and polluted water which is not fit for agriculture use to reach the sea via Rann of Kutch area without passing through the Indus delta. The 500 km long LBOD begins from northern Ghotki district in Sindh province of Pakistan and joins Rann of Kutch in the Badin district of Sindh. Rann of Kutch is the joint water body of India and Pakistan. Water released by the LBOD is enhancing the flooding in India and contaminating the quality of water bodies which are the source of water to salt farms spread over a vast area. The LBOD water is planned to join the sea via disputed Sir Creek but LBOD water is entering Indian territory due to many breaches in its left bank caused by floods.

Chir Batti
At night, an unexplained strange dancing light phenomenon known locally as Chir Batti (ghost lights) occurs in the Rann, the adjoining Banni grasslands, and the seasonal wetlands.

Tourism

The Government of Gujarat hosts an annual 3-month long Rann Utsav festival from December to February every year near Dhordo village in a 500 km2 white salt desert. Rann Utsav has cultural programs such as the BSF Camel show held at 5 pm, adventure activities like hot-air ballooning, many stalls selling trinkets, handicrafts, food, etc. as well as camel cart excursion, paramotoring, golf carts, ATV rides, yoga and meditation. During the festival 3 to 4-day events are also held at many other exotic locations around the larger Kutch area to expose tourists to the native culture and food, for example, semi-arid grasslands of the Banni reserve exhibits folk architecture, arts and crafts of the area, and folk dance and dance music events are held at several locations with a bonfire under the moon.

Rann Utsav gives visitors not only a chance to experience a full moon on salt deserts but also get a taste of the local culture, cuisine, and hospitality. Specially built local houses are also used to house tourists to give them a taste of local traditions. Many adventure clubs and travel clubs organize expeditions.

Handicrafts
Some women and young girls make their living by selling different types of Kutch embroidered cloths. The embroidery is of various styles such as Rabari, Ahir, Sindhi, Banni, Mutwa, Ari and Soof, some of which include mirror or bead inlays.
 Rogan work also.

Popular culture
J. P. Dutta's Bollywood film Refugee was shot in the Great Rann of Kutch along with other locations in the Kachchh district. It is said to have been inspired by the story by Keki N. Daruwalla based around the Great Rann of Kutch titled Love Across the Salt Desert.

Amitabh Bachchan in his promotions for Gujarat Tourism titled Khushboo Gujarat Ki has also extensively shot in the Rann of kutch. Several scenes in Salman Rushdie's Booker Prize winning novel Midnight's Children take place in the Rann of Kutch, including a scene where the protagonist faints from heatstroke in the Rann's brutal climate. Some scenes or song sequences in Indian films like Magadheera, D-Day, R... Rajkumar, Gori Tere Pyaar Mein, Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela, Lagaan, The Good Road, Dookudu, Sarvam, Sarrainodu and Roberrt were shot in the area.

See also

 Little Rann of Kutch
 Kutch district
 Kori Creek
 Atlantique incident
 Banni Grasslands Reserve
 Chir Batti
 Chari-Dhand Wetland Conservation Reserve
 Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI)
 Salt marsh
 Salt pan (geology)

References

External links

Gujarat Tourism official website
 Terrestrial Ecoregions: Rann of Kutch
Satellite views comparing summer and winter conditions in the Rann of Kutch
Desert (Rann of Kutch) wetlands; 6 February 2003; WWF Global website
KACHCHH PENINSULA AND THE GREAT RANN; The Geological Survey of India, Ministry of Mines, Government of India
Archived news articles from the India Environmental Portal on: Rann of Kutch
Archived news articles from the India Environmental Portal for a Search made for: Banni grasslands

Flooded grasslands and savannas
Grasslands of Pakistan
Grasslands of India
Landforms of Gujarat
Landforms of Sindh
Marshes of India
Kutch district
Ramsar sites in Pakistan
Geography of Kutch district

Great Rann of Kutch


L' Aire Métropolitaine de San Salvador (en espagnol:Área Metropolitana de San Salvador ou AMSS) est une aire métropolitaine formée autour de San Salvador, la capitale d'El Salvador, avec treize municipalités.

Elle a été mise en place en 1993 par un décret  Législatif No. 732 de la Loi sur le Développement territorial et l'Aire Métropolitaine de San Salvador et de ses municipalités voisines. L'acte législtif définit que, basé sur leur développement urbain, ces cités forment une seule et unique entité urbaine.

Depuis 1990, le développement urbain de San Salvador et de ses municipalités voisines est singularisé par une remarquable croissance, lui conférant la qualification de grande métropole. Cette situation a dès lors nécessité la planification et le contrôle du développement urbain des 14 municipalités qui forment maintenant l'Aire Métropolitaine de San Salvador ou AMSS.

Aujourd'hui, l'AMSS constitue le centre décisionnel du pays en matière d'organisationpolitique, financière, économique et culturelle. Les plus récentes projections officielles de population pour El Salvador prévoient la population combinée des quatorze  municipalites à  en 2015, représentant alors 27.4% des  projetés à cette date.

Liste des quatorze municipalités de l'AMSS

L'Aire Métropolitaine de San Salvador (en espagnol: Área Metropolitana de San Salvador) rassemble 14 municipalités sur deux départements, le département de San Salvador et le département de La Libertad, représentant une superficie totale de , et rassemblant une population de          en 2014. La densité de population s'élève à .

L'Área Metropolitana de San Salvador (AMSS), appelée également el Gran San Salvador ou la Gran Área Metropolitana de San Salvador (GAMSS) est une conurbation urbaine, qui est l'une des plus peuplées de l'Amérique Centrale. San  Salvador est au cœur d'une grande métropole en plein essor, où vit environ 29.39 % de la population totale du pays.

Les quatorze municipalités qui forment l'Aire Métropolitaine de San Salvador sont:

Principales caractéristiques de l'AMSS

L'Área Metropolitana de San Salvador (AMSS) ou la Gran Área Metropolitana de San Salvador (GAMSS) est une conurbation urbaine formée de 14 municipalités. Elle a été créée en 1993, à
la suite d'un Décret législatif No. 732 de la Loi de Développement et d'Organisation Territoriale de lÁrea Metropolitana de San Salvador et des 14 Municipalités rattachées. Cette loi précise, en fonction de son développement urbain, le périmètre de ces municipalités pour constituer une seule unité urbanistique.

La municipalité la plus densément peuplée est Soyapango avec . Cette forte concentration de population en une seule et petite municipalité provient du fait qu'il s'agit d'une cité industrielle qui offre beaucoup d'opportunités d'emplois.

Depuis la dernière décennie s'est affichée une grande croissance économique, avec la construction de routes urbaines, d'établissements tertiaires, d'usines, de centres commerciaux et d'hôtels, de rues, de carrefours, de ponts, etc. Et également un essor démographique sans précédent, avec la construction de nombreuses habitations et résidences que beaucoup d'habitants des autres villes principales ou de zones rurales du pays migrent vers l'''Área Metropolitana de San Salvador.

Actuellement, lAMSS ou la GAMSS'' concentre 36.43% de la population du Salvador et 70% des investissements publics y privés pour seulement 3% du territoire national.

Les 14 municipalités de l'AMSS et leur situation géographique

Parmi les quatorze municipalités de l'Aire Métropolitaine de San Salvador douze appartiennent au  département de San Salvador et les deux autres à celui de La Libertad, toutes sont situées entre  pour les plus proches de la capitale à  pour la plus éloignée.

San Salvador - Capitale du El Salvador.
Antiguo Cuscatlán -  sud-ouest de San Salvador.
Santa Tecla -  sud-ouest de San Salvador.
San Marcos -  sud de San Salvador.
Soyapango -  est de San Salvador.
Ilopango -  est.
San Martin -  est.
Tonacatepeque -  nord-est.
Ciudad Delgado -  nord-est.
Cuscatancingo -  nord.
Mejicanos-  nord.
Apopa -  nord.
Nejapa-  nord.
Ayutuxtepeque -  nord.

Galerie

Voir aussi

 San Salvador
 Département de San Salvador
 Département de La Libertad
 Route panaméricaine

Notes et références

San Salvador

Aire métropolitaine de San Salvador


110 (CX) salı günü başlayan bir yıldır.

Olaylar
 Trajan Forumu inşa edildi.

Doğumlar
 Hegesippus, Hristiyan yazar (ö. 180)
 Qiao Xuan, Çinli siyasetçi (ö. 184)

Ölümler
 Duan Xi, Han hanedanı generali

110


Eugenius Harvey Outerbridge (March 8, 1860 – November 10, 1932) was a businessman and promoter of patent fiberboard, and the first chairman of the interstate agency known then as the Port of New York Authority. The Outerbridge Crossing, a Port Authority bridge, was named for him.

Biography
Eugenius was born on March 8, 1860, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Bermudians Alexander Ewing Outerbridge I and Laura Catherine Harvey. His sister, Mary Ewing Outerbridge, was the founder, in 1874, of American lawn tennis which was the progenitor of modern tennis. His other siblings include Albert Albany Outerbridge, Sir Joseph Outerbridge (1843–1933), August Emelio Outerbridge (1846–1921), Harriett Harvey Outerbridge, Alexander Ewing Outerbridge II, Laura Catharine Outerbridge and Adolph John Harvey Outerbridge (1858–1928).

Outerbridge incorporated the Agasote Millboard Company in 1909 to produce a high-density fiberboard. The company used the material to produce roof panels for railroad cars and automobiles. In 1916, the company introduced Vehisote, a versatile fiberboard  made from recycled materials, made by the company in West Trenton, New Jersey. Both the product and the company were later renamed as Homasote, and remain in active production .

Outerbridge was the first chairman of the Port of New York Authority, now the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. The new authority was founded on April 30, 1921, and was the first interstate agency created under a clause of the US Constitution permitting compacts between states.

Outerbridge was among the founding organizers of the Richmond County Country Club on Staten Island in 1888. He was a longtime member of the Union Club of the City of New York and, until his death, he was chairman of the Building Committee in charge of planning the 69th Street clubhouse.

He died on November 10, 1932, at 950 Park Avenue in Manhattan, New York City.

Legacy
The Outerbridge Crossing, a toll bridge between Staten Island, New York, and Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is named in his honor. It opened on June 29, 1928.

Timeline
 1860 Birth
 1880  with Eugenius Outerbridge
 1909 Starts Agasote Millboard Company
 1916 Homasote
 1921 Starts tenure at Port of New York Authority
 1924 Ends tenure at Port of New York Authority
 1928 Outerbridge Crossing named for him on June 20
 1932 Death

See also
Austin Tobin
Robert Moses
Othmar Ammann
Christopher O. Ward

References

External links

1860 births
1932 deaths
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
Port Authority of New York and New Jersey people
American people of Bermudian descent
Chairmen of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

Eugenius Harvey Outerbridge


معركة جبل كوسه ، كانت إحدى معارك الغزوات المغولية بين المغول والسلاجقة، وقعت في وادي جبل كوسه  الواقع بين مدينة ارزنجان  ومدينة غوموش خانة  في شمال شرق تركيا المعاصرة، في 26 يونيو 1243م وحقق المغول نصرًا حاسماً.

بعد انسحاب المغول من الحملة الأوروبية بسبب موت الخان الأعظم أوغداي توجه المغول نحو الأناضول واستولوا على مدينة أرضروم لذا قرر السلطان غياث الدين كيخسرو الثاني محاربتهم وطلب العون من أحد الأمراء الجورجيين على أن أغلب الجورجيين كانوا مع المغول، وكذلك تلقى السلطان الدعم من قوات إضافية من إمبراطورية طرابزون.

وقعت المعركة قرب «جبل كوسه» في شرق تركيا المعاصرة، في مكان بين مدينتي إرزينجان وغوموش خانة، والتقى السلطان قائد المغول بايجو في المعركة وتلقى السلطان وحلفاؤه هزيمة منكرة وفرّ السلطان غياث الدين من المعركة.

بعد هذا النصر الحاسم وافق السلطان على دفع الجزية للمغول وبقي السلاطين بعد ذلك دُمى في أيدي المغول. وعندما مات كيقباد الثالث آخر السلاطين الروم قسّم المغول الأناضول بين الأمراء الذين برز من بينهم لاحقا العثمانيون.

مقدمات
خلال عهد أوقطاي خان، عرضت سلطنة الروم الصداقة وأرسلت هدية متواضعة للجنرال المغولي جورماغون من الحرس الامبراطوري المغولي وأحد أعظم جنرالات المغول. في عهد كيخسرو الثاني، بدأ المغول في الضغط على السلطان للذهاب إلى منغوليا شخصيا، وتقديم الرهائن وقبول أن يكون مسئولا مغوليا عن جمع الضرائب في المنطقة.

في شتاء 1242-1243م، هاجم المغول الروم تحت قيادة القائد المغولي بايجو نويان، واستولوا على مدينة أرضروم. على الفور دعا السلطان كيخسرو الثاني جيرانه إلى المساهمة بقوات لمقاومة الغزو المغولي. أرسلت إمبراطورية طرابزون مفرزة وجلب السلطان مجموعة من المرتزقة «الفرنجة». انضم إليه أيضًا عدد قليل من النبلاء الجورجيين مثل فارادافلا من أخالتسيخه وداردين شيرفاشيدزه، لكن معظم الجورجيين اضطروا للقتال إلى جانب أسلافهم المغول.

المعركة
وقعت المعركة الحاسمة في «جبل كوسه» في 26 يونيو 1243م. لا تسجل المصادر الأولية حجم الجيوش المتواجهة ولكنها تشير إلى أن المغول واجهوا قوة متفوقة عدديًا. تجاهل بايجو نويانإشعار خوفٍ من ضابطه الجورجي فيما يتعلق بحجم جيش السلجوقي بقوله إنهم لا يحسبون أعداد أعدائهم: «كلما زاد عددهم، كلما كان الفوز مجيدًا، وكلما ضمننا غنيمة أكبر».
رفض كيخسرو الثاني اقتراح قادته المتمرسين بانتظار هجوم المغول، وبدلاً من ذلك أرسل قوة قوامها 20.000 رجل بقيادة قادة عديمي الخبرة، ضد الجيش المغولي. ارتد الجيش المغولي متظاهرًا بالانسحاب ثم عاد وطوَّق الجيش السلجوقي وهزمه.عندما شهدت بقية جيش السلاجقة هزيمتهم، بدأ العديد من قادة السلاجقة وجنودهم بمن فيهم كيخسرو الثاني بالتخلي عن ساحة المعركة. وفي نهاية المطاف، بقي الجيش السلجوقى بدون قادة وترك معظم الجنود ساحة المعركة دون أن يروا أي قتال.

بعد انتصارهم، سيطر المغول على مدينتي سيفاس وقيصري. هرب السلطان إلى أنطاليا لكنه اضطر في وقت لاحق لإقامة سلام مع بايجو نويان ودفع خراج كبير للإمبراطورية المغولية.

نتائج المعركة
أسفرت الهزيمة عن فترة من الاضطراب في الأناضول وأدت مباشرة إلى تدهور الدولة السلجوقية وتفككها.أصبحت إمبراطورية طرابزون دولة تابعة للإمبراطورية المغولية. كما أصبحت مملكة أرمنية الصغرى دولة تابعة للمغول.

سيطر المغول بقوة على الأناضول.

انظر أيضا
 البيت السلاجوقي.

روابط خارجية
 تاريخ أرمينيا (جزء 35) القرن 13.
 تاريخ الأناضول السلاجقة

المراجع

آسيا في 1243
أوروبا في 1243
إمبراطورية المغول في 1243
الدولة الإلخانية
مملكة جورجيا في القرن 13
تاريخ تركيا
تاريخ محافظة أرزنجان
تاريخ محافظة كوموش خانة
غزوات إمبراطورية المغول
معارك المغول
معارك تشمل إمبراطورية طرابزون
معارك سلاجقة الروم
معارك في الأناضول القروسطية
معارك مملكة جورجيا
نزاعات في 1243

معركة جبل كوسه


An Tillandsia supermexicana in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Eizi Matuda. An Tillandsia supermexicana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Tillandsia, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 T. s. pendula
 T. s. saxicola
 T. s. supermexicana

Mga kasarigan

Tillandsia

Tillandsia supermexicana


The prime minister of Spain is the head of government of Spain. There is no specific date as to when the office of Prime Minister first appeared as the role was not created, but rather evolved over a period of time through a merger of duties. Modern historians have not managed to agree who the first prime minister of Spain was, but Francisco Martínez de la Rosa was the first prime minister recognized by a constitutional law (the Spanish Royal Statute of 1834).

In contemporary Spain, the first Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Spain since the approval of the Constitution was Adolfo Suárez. Due to the gradual evolution of the post, the title has been applied to early prime ministers retroactively. The following list therefore includes those who have been referred to as various other titles since the creation of the Council of Ministers in 1823.

Since the reign of Philip V, prime ministers have received several names, such as First Secretary of State (until 1834), President of the Council of Ministers (1834–1868; 1874–1923; 1925–1939), President of the Executive Power (1874) or President of the Government (1973–present), among others. Between 1938 and 1973, the post of President of the Government was personally linked to the person serving as Head of State.

Before 1823
There is no specific date when the office of prime minister first appeared as the role was not created, but rather evolved over a period of time through merger of duties. The government was led by a Valido, a favourite of the Monarch or the ruling Regent. Since 1621, there was also a Secretary of State of the Universal Bureau (Secretario de Estado y del Despacho Universal), but this seems to have been rather a subordinate position.

Later, the reforms introduced by Phillip V in the 1710s established several secretaries of state for specific government areas, and the secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Secretario de Estado y del Despacho de Estado) was eventually known as the First Secretary of State due to its de facto role as primer minister. This position was consolidated with the establishment of the Council of Ministers in 1823 which the First Secretary of State chaired over in the king's absence, and in 1834 the First Secretary of State became known as President of the Council of Ministers.

Valido's

John II (1406–1454)
 Álvaro de Luna

Henry IV (1454–1474)
 Juan Pacheco
 Beltrán de la Cueva
 Miguel Lucas de Iranzo

Philip III (1598–1621)
 Francisco de Sandoval y Rojas (1598–1618)
 Cristóbal Gómez de Sandoval y de la Cerda (1619–1621)

Philip IV (1621–1665)
 Baltasar de Zúñiga (1621–1622)
 Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares (1622–1643)
 Luis de Haro (1643–1661)

Charles II (1665–1700)
 Juan Everardo Nithard (1666–1669)
 Fernando de Valenzuela (1671–1676)
 Juan José de Austria (1677–1679)
 Duke of Medinaceli (1679–1685)
 Count of Oropesa (1685–1699)
 Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero (1699–1703)

Secretaries of State and the Universal Bureau

First Secretaries of State

List of officeholders

Office title
First Secretary of State (1823–1834)
President of the Council of Ministers (1834–1868; 1869–1873; 1874–1923; 1925–1931; 1931–1939)
President of the Provisional Government and of the Council of Ministers (1868–1869)
President of the Executive Power (1869; 1873–1874)
Head of the Government and President of the Military Directory (1923–1925)
President of the Provisional Government (1931)
Head of State and President of the Government (1938–1973)
President of the Government (1973–present)

Kingdom of Spain (1823–1868)
Governments:

Democratic Sexennium and First Republic (1868–1874)
Governments:

Bourbon Restoration in Spain (1874–1931)
Governments:

Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939)
Governments:

Francoist Spain (1936–1975)
Governments:

Kingdom of Spain (1975–present)
Governments:

Timeline

Notes

References

See also
 Prime Minister of Spain
 List of prime ministers of Spain by length of tenure
 List of Spanish monarchs
 List of heads of state of Spain
 President of the Republic (Spain)
 List of Spanish regents

Government of Spain
Politics of Spain
Prime Ministers
Spain
Lists of political office-holders in Spain

List of prime ministers of Spain


Die Japanische Badmintonmeisterschaft 2009 fand vom 1. bis zum 6. Dezember 2009 in Tokio statt. Es war die 63. Austragung der nationalen Titelkämpfe im Badminton in Japan.

Medaillengewinner

Weblinks
http://www.badminton.or.jp/2009/alljapan/

2009
Badminton 2009
Badmintonwettbewerb in der Präfektur Tokio

Japanische Badmintonmeisterschaft 2009


අතීතයේ පෘථිවිය මත අවම වශයෙන් හිමයුගයන් හතරක්වත් තිබී ඇත.මෙම යුගයන් හැර වෙනත් කාල වලදී පෘථිවියේ ඉහළ අක්ෂාංශ පවා පැවත ඇත්තෙ අයිස් වලින් තොරවය.මුල්ම හිමයුගය ඇතිවී ඇත්තේ මීට වසර බිලියන 2.4-2.1 අතර කාල වලදීය.
පසුගිය කාලයේ ඇතිවු හොඳින්ම ලේඛනගත වු හිමයුගය ඇතිවුවා ලෙස සැලකෙන්නේ මීට වසර බිලියන එකකට ඉහත දීය. මෙහිදී ග්ලැසියර අයිස් තට්ටුව සමකය ආසන්නයට ලගාවීම හේතුවෙන් මුලු පෘථිවියම අයිස් බෝලයක් වැනි විය.
බොහෝ දුරට මෙම හිමයුගය අවසන් වී ඇත්තේ කාබන්ඩයොක්සයිඩ් (Co2)වැනි හරිතාගාර වායුන් ගිණිකඳු පිපිරීම මඟින් ඇතිවීමෙනි.
අවසාදිත වාර්තා පෙන්වන්නේ පසුගිය වසර මිලියන ගණනක ග්ලැසියරවල සහ ග්ලැසියර අතර උච්චාවචන අනුක්‍රමණයයි.
තවදුරටත් හිමයුගයන් ඒවායේ පිහිටීම සහ කාලය අනුව වර්ග කල හැක.උදාහරණයක් ලෙස  Alpine ප්‍රාන්තයේ පිහිටීම නිසා ඒවාට Riss සහ Wurm ලෙස නම් ලැබී ඇත.

සටහන

{|

|
Ice_age Major_ice_ages
|-

හිම යුග


An Scleria trialata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jean Louis Marie Poiret. An Scleria trialata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Scleria, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Scleria

Scleria trialata


Allowoodsonia, monotipski biljni rod iz porodice zimzelenovki. Jedina vrsta koja mu pripada je endem sa Salomonskih Otoka, Allowoodsonia whitmorei

Rod je opisan 1967.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Apocynoideae

Allowoodsonia


Andreas Reischek (* 11. August 1892 in Klosterneuburg; † 13. August 1965 in Wien) war ein österreichischer Journalist.

Leben
Andreas Reischek wurde als Sohn des Forschungsreisendenen, Ethnographen und Ornithologen Andreas Reischek in Klosterneuburg geboren. Nachdem sein Vater beim Oberösterreichischen Landesmuseen arbeitete, lebte er vermutlich in Linz. Nach dem Tod seines Vaters veröffentlichte er zu den Forschungen seines Vaters und hielt dazu auch zahlreiche Vorträge. Damit fand er 1925 Zugang zur RAVAG, wo er ab 1929 eine feste Anstellung erhielt, in mit dem damaligen Leiter Rudolf Henz den Hörfunk weiter ausbaute. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg im April 1945 wurde die Hörfunkeinrichtung nach Bad Aussee verlegt, wo für wenige Tage der Freiheitssender Ausseerland existierte und es nach dem Krieg zur Gründung der Sendergruppe Rot-Weiß-Rot kam. 1947 wurde Andreas Reischek Programmdirektor beim Sender in Linz.
Oberösterreich.

Andreas Reischek war Chefredakteur der Monatszeitschrift Der neue Pflug, wo er Gedichte des noch unbekannten Lyrikers Josef Weinheber bekannt machte. Er wurde am Wiener Zentralfriedhof bestattet.

Anerkennungen
 Benennung des Oberösterreichischen Radiopreises mit Andreas-Reischek-Preis

Publikationen
 (Hrsg.): Sterbende Welt. Zwölf Jahre Forscherleben auf Neuseeland. Nachlass von Andreas Reischek (Ethnograf), 1924; Aotearoa – Land der langen weißen Wolke. Zwölf Jahre Forscherleben auf Neuseeland. Nachdruck, Severus Verlag, Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86347-222-1.
 Cäsar, der Freund des Neuseelandforschers, 1928.
 Ihaka Reiheke, der Maorihäuptling aus Österreich, 1949.
 Weißer Häuptling der Maori, 1955.

Weblinks
 Radio-Porträt über Andreas Reischek in der Ö1-Sendereihe "Chronisten, Reporter, Aufklärer" aus dem Jahr 2003

Einzelnachweise

Journalist (Österreich)
Österreicher
Geboren 1892
Gestorben 1965
Mann

Andreas Reischek (Journalist)


Le Quatuor avec piano , op. 69, est une œuvre de la compositrice Mel Bonis, datant de 1905.

Composition
Mel Bonis compose son Quatuor avec piano  en si bémol majeur pour piano, violon, alto et violoncelle. L'œuvre, dédiée à , est publiée en 1905 par les éditions Demets, puis elle est rééditée en 2004 par les éditions Furore.

Structure
L'œuvre se structure en quatre mouvements :

 Moderato
 Intermezzo  à
 Andante à
 Final – Allegro ma non troppo à

Analyse
Dans son ouvrage Mel Bonis, femme et compositeur, Christine Géliot décrit le quatuor avec Eberard Mayer. Le "Quatuor en si b," d'une durée de 25 minutes environ, requiert le travail approfondi de musiciens avertis... "On ne sait ce qui est le plus admirable dans cette œuvre, écrit le musicologue allemand Eberhard Mayer, la beauté des mélodies, l'originalité des inventions harmoniques ou l'art de la composition, et cela dès le premier mouvement. Comme dans une rhapsodie, on y trouve les modulations les plus complexes jusque dans les tonalités les plus éloignées et seule une seconde audition permet de découvrir la construction sous-jacente" : dualité des thèmes (le premier, profond et lascif, se dessine au moyen de sinuosités et de syncopes ; le second a un caractère rectiligne et solennel), exposition, développement, pont, modulation, reprise du premier puis du second thème, conclusion. Le second mouvement est rythmé à trois temps, en forme de danse paysanne. Il répète et fait évoluer avec légèreté deux courtes phrases qui se répondent, l'une descendante, l'autre, ascendante. Tout cela se meut et intègre au fur et à mesure des interventions rythmées et énergiques qui reviennent à plusieurs reprises, des effets impressionnistes des cascades fluides que se partagent les cordes et le piano, des modulations des deux phrases, des allusions aux thèmes du premier mouvement. Le dernier tiers du mouvement dévoile un monde étrange et évolue dans un climat de douceur mais sans jamais perdre le rythme. La conclusion est annoncée par une courte reprise des deux phrases. "Ce mouvement, léger et fluide, offre des passages d'un raffinement renversant", écrit le pianiste Laurent Martin pour la notice du CD qu'il enregistre en 2001. Le final est un allegro vigoureux et entraînant dans lequel on reconnaît l'influence de César Franck. Ce morceau de bravoure, plein d'élan et de finesse, couronne le chef-d'œuvre de Mel Bonis de sa saisissante vitalité ".

Dans son article  de la Revue moderne des arts et de la vie, Clément Morro place le Quatuor sous la protection de César Franck. Pour lui, l'œuvre de Mel Bonis ne comporte ni mauvais goût, ni faux brillant faisant penser à de la musique de brasserie. Il y trouve notamment de la vigueur et de la finesse. Il compare la musique de la compositrice à celle de Franck tout en précisant qu'elle a quelque chose de plus tendre et de plus intime, avec .

François de Médicis rapproche pour sa part le Quatuor de celui de Gabriel Fauré. Ce rapprochement se fait notamment par la reprise chez Mel Bonis d'un trait spécifique au quatuor fauréen qui est celui d'un trait du grave à l'aigüe, en alternant des répétitions de tierces et de sixtes. On retrouve ce même trait dans le quatrième mouvement du quatuor de Mel Bonis, tout en ayant une progression harmonique plus proche encore de celle de Gabriel Fauré que dans le premier mouvement. La différence entre Mel Bonis et Gabriel Fauré se situe dans la ligne mélodique, qui se trouve être, chez la compositrice, un mouvement ascendant qui alterne les tierces et les sixtes sur des valeurs longues de noires.

Dans le second mouvement, on a un parallèle entre l'esprit scherzando du quatuor de Gabriel Fauré et celui de Mel Bonis. On retrouve des pizzicatos dans les deux œuvres, mais chez Gabriel Fauré, il s'agit de pizzicatos à toutes les cordes, tandis que chez Mel Bonis, il n'y a que le violoncelle qui utilise ce mode de jeu, tandis que le violon chante une mélodie primesautière et l'alto joue un contrechant. Les deux œuvres apportent aussi une relation toute particulière par rapport à l'instabilité tonale, chacune des deux œuvres oscillant entre le mi bémol majeur et le do mineur. De plus, dans le second mouvement du Quatuor, la mélodie s'interrompt soudainement à la fin des trois premières phrases alors qu'il pourrait y avoir une cadence à la dominante. Seule la quatrième phrase termine le mouvement mélodique et produit une cadence parfaite en do mineur.

Dans le troisième mouvement du Quatuor, la fin de la première partie ne se contente pas de reprendre les conventions générales que l'on retrouve chez Gabriel Fauré, mais elle suit ce modèle sur plusieurs points spécifiques.

Réception
L'œuvre est créée le 5 juin 1905 lors d'une soirée musicale chez la compositrice. Mel Bonis est au piano, Louis Duttenhofer au violon, Pierre Monteux à l'alto et Louis Feuillard au violoncelle. En témoignage de cette soirée, les descendants de Mel Bonis racontent les impressions de Camille Saint-Saëns : "Après le concert privé, en descendant les marches de l'escalier, le grand musicien remercia Jean Gounod de lui avoir fait faire la connaissance de Madame Mel Bonis et ajouta d'un ton de surprise extrême : "Je n'aurais jamais cru qu'une femme fût capable d'écrire cela. Elle connaît toutes les roueries du métier."

Louis Laloy décrit le Quatuor comme ayant des idées personnelles et bienvenues, avec des développements intéressants et une écriture très sûre. Les sonorités sont toujours agréables. L'élégance est simple et laisse transparaître une émotion sincère. Pour le Courrier musical, l'œuvre de Mel Bonis fait preuve d'une maîtrise infaillible et d'une écriture impeccable.

Le 22 mai 1906, Mel Bonis organise un concert à la salle Berlioz. Les œuvres qui y sont alors jouées sont le Quatuor  et les Variations. Les œuvres sont notamment interprétées par Gabrielle Monchablon au piano et Louis Duttenhofer au violon.

Le 30 avril 1908, l'œuvre est jouée à la Société des compositeurs de musique, dont la compositrice sera la secrétaire à partir de 1910. Pour le quatrième concert, le Quatuor a été , et a été interprété par Louis Duttenhofer, Paulin Gaillard et Délaye ou Delhaye.

Entre 1905 et 1908, six articles ont été publiés, montrant tous un retour positif, servant de point d'appui pour louer le savoir-faire de la compositrice. C'est notamment avec son Quatuor que Mel Bonis assoit une notoriété qui lui permet de gravir en quelques années les marches de la notoriété.

C'est par le Guide à l'usage des amateurs de quatuors pour piano de Wilhelm Altmann que s'est faite la redécouverte du Quatuor. Pour l'auteur, la partie de piano recèle de grandes difficultés, ce qui n'est pas le cas pour les cordes. Il décrit l'œuvre comme  et accessible autant aux concertistes qu'aux musiciens amateurs. Il n'a cependant pas d'originalité particulière. Pour l'auteur, le premier mouvement, en si bémol majeur, est contemplatif et empreint parfois d'une certaine gravité. Il remarque cependant que le deuxième mouvement n'a pas  mais pourrait être composé par un ou une allemand·e. Le troisième mouvement, décrit comme la partie centrale, est un mouvement lent qui est introduit intensément par le violon. Il est empreint d'une certaine mélancolie teintée d'accents dramatiques. Le Finale est en sol mineur et non en si bémol majeur auquel on s'attend. Il fait abondamment usage de la syncope.

Le Quatuor est joué par l'Ensemble Mel Bonis pour la première fois  lors d'un concert le 31 mai 1997, rue de Naples, concert qu'ils offrent à l'attention de la famille de Mel Bonis. Ce concert organisé avec l'héritière de l'œuvre de Mel Bonis, Yvette Domange , sera fondateur de l'engagement pour la réhabilitation de la musique de Mel Bonis.

Il est rejouée le 7 juin 1998, au château de Morsbroich, à Leverkusen, en Allemagne.

L'œuvre sera programmée très fréquemment par l'Ensemble Mel Bonis, qui le considère alors comme l'œuvre maîtresse de musique de chambre de la compositrice.

Discographie

 Mel Bonis, Quatuors, Laurent Martin, piano, Gordan Nicolitch, violon, Jean-Philippe Vasseur, alto, Jean-Marie Trotereau, violoncelle, Voice of lyrics, 2001
 Mel Bonis Franzosishe kammermusik,  par l'Ensemble Mel Bonis de Cologne: production Mel Bonis Ensemble, 2002
 Mel Bonis, Piano quartetts, par le Mozart piano quartett, MDG production, 2008

 Fauré & Bonis: Piano Quartets, Quatuor Giardini, Evidence Classics, 2014

Références

Sources

Liens externes

Œuvre de Mel Bonis
Œuvre pour piano
Œuvre pour violon
Œuvre pour violon alto
Œuvre pour violoncelle
Bonis
Œuvre réalisée en 1905

Quatuor avec piano no 1 de Bonis


Adam Odzimek (* 7. Oktober 1944 in Radom; † 13. März 2022 ebenda) war ein polnischer römisch-katholischer Geistlicher und Weihbischof in Radom.

Leben
Adam Odzimek besuchte zunächst die Schule in Złoty Stok und ab 1952 die Schule in Radom. Nachdem er 1962 am Władysław-Sirokomla-Gymnasium in Radom das Abitur erlangt hatte, studierte er Philosophie und Katholische Theologie am Priesterseminar in Sandomierz. 1964 leistete Odzimek Wehrdienst in Gubin und Oppeln. Danach setzte er sein Studium fort. Am 31. Mai 1969 empfing er in der Kathedrale von Sandomierz durch den Apostolischen Administrator von Sandomierz, Bischof Piotr Gołębiowski, das Sakrament der Priesterweihe.

Odzimek war zunächst kurzzeitig als Kaplan der Pfarrei St. Andreas Bobola in Bardzice tätig, bevor er Pfarrvikar der Pfarrei St. Nikolaus in Szewna wurde. 1972 setzte Adam Odzimek seine Studien an der Katholischen Universität Lublin fort, an der er 1974 einen Magister erwarb und 1978 mit der Arbeit Hellenistyczna i judaistyczna literatura o męczennikach a Łukaszowy opis męki Jezusa ("Die hellenistische und judaistische Märtyrerliteratur im Vergleich zur lukanischen Beschreibung der Passion Jesu") zum Doktor der Theologie im Fach Bibelwissenschaft promoviert wurde. Parallel zu seinem Studium wirkte er als Aushilfspriester in Skotniki (1973) und Modliborzyce (1976) sowie in den Pfarreien St. Johannes der Täufer in Białaczów (1977) und Herz Jesu in Skarżysko-Kamienna (1977–1978). Anschließend lehrte Adam Odzimek am Priesterseminar in Sandomierz, bevor er 1980 zur Vertiefung seiner Studien nach Rom entsandt wurde. 1983 erlangte er am Päpstlichen Bibelinstitut ein Lizenziat im Fach Biblische Exegese. Während seiner Studienzeit in Rom war er Alumne des Päpstlichen Polnischen Kollegs. Nach einer Studienreise durch das Heilige Land kehrte Odzimek 1984 in seine Heimat zurück und wurde erneut Professor für Neues Testament und Biblische Theologie am Priesterseminar in Sandomierz sowie am Theologischen Institut in Radom.

Papst Johannes Paul II. ernannte ihn am 3. April 1985 zum Weihbischof im Bistum Sandomierz-Radom und gleichzeitig zum Titularbischof von Tadamata. Die Bischofsweihe spendete ihm am 13. Mai 1985 der Erzbischof von Warschau, Józef Kardinal Glemp, vor der Konkathedrale St. Casimir in Radom; Mitkonsekratoren waren Edward Materski, Bischof von Sandomierz-Radom, und Stanisław Szymecki, Bischof von Kielce. Sein Wahlspruch lautete Ne deficiant fides caritasque ("Auf dass Glaube und Liebe stark seien"). Als Weihbischof war Adam Odzimek Generalvikar des Bistums Sandomierz-Radom. 1986 wurde er zudem Erzdiakon der Kathedrale von Sandomierz und Domdechant des Domkapitels St. Casimir in Radom. Ferner gehörte er dem Priesterrat, dem Konsultorenkollegium und dem Diözesanvermögensverwaltungsrat des Bistums Sandomierz-Radom an. In der Polnischen Bischofskonferenz war Odzimek von 1988 bis 1998 Vorsitzender der Kommission für die Nüchternheit.

Mit der Aufteilung des Bistums Sandomierz-Radom am 25. März 1992 wurde Adam Odzimek Weihbischof in Radom. Zusätzlich wirkte er als Generalvikar des Bistums Radom. Außerdem lehrte Odzimek weiterhin am Priesterseminar und am Theologischen Institut in Radom. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte waren die Synoptischen Evangelien und die Schriften des Evangelisten Johannes. Am 28. April 2000 verlieh ihm die Gmina Wieniawa die Ehrenbürgerwürde.

Papst Franziskus nahm am 7. Oktober 2019 sein altersbedingtes Rücktrittsgesuch an. Adam Odzimek starb im März 2022 im Alter von 77 Jahren an den Folgen einer langjährigen Krebserkrankung.

Weblinks

 Biografie auf der Homepage des Bistums Radom (polnisch)

Einzelnachweise

Weihbischof
Titularbischof
Römisch-katholischer Bischof (20. Jahrhundert)
Römisch-katholischer Bischof (21. Jahrhundert)
Generalvikar
Domdechant
Ehrenbürger in der Woiwodschaft Masowien
Person (Radom)
Pole
Geboren 1944
Gestorben 2022
Mann

Adam Odzimek


مشرع هواري بومدين مركز بلدية بولاية بشار تابعة لدائرة العبادلة.

المصادر

مشروع هواري بومدين

مشرع هواري بومدين


جوسيب سكوبلار ، من مواليد 12 مارس 1941 في بريفلاكا في يوغسلافيا، لاعب كرة قدم يوغسلافي سابق، وهو مدرب كرة قدم يوغسلافي سابق.

فاز بجائزة الحذاء الذهبي الأوروبي في عام 1971 برصيد 44 هدف.

لعب مع منتخب يوغسلافيا لكرة القدم بين عامي 1961 و1967، وشارك معهم في 32 مباراة وسجل 11 هدف.

لنجم اليوغسلافي السابق يوزيب سكوبلار في موسم 1970-1971 مع أوليمبيك مارسيليا جين سجل 44 هدفا في الدوري.

درب منتخب لبنان لكرة القدم في كأس آسيا 2000 التي استضافها في أرضه.

مسيرته الكروية
لعب جوسيب سكوبلار خلال مسيرته الاحترافية مع 4 أندية في واحد وعشرون موسمًا وسجل خلالها 255 هدف ضمن 428 مباراة. حيث فاز في ثلاثة مواسم بالكأس وفي موسمين بالدوري.

خاض جوسيب سكوبلار مسيرته مع نادي أو إف كيه بيوغراد في موسم 1959–60 ليلعب معه ثمانية مواسم، مشاركًا في 162 مباراة سجل خلالها 63 هدفًا. ثم انتقل إلى نادي أولمبيك مارسيليا في موسم 1966–67 في المرة الأولى لمدة موسم واحد ثم في موسم 1969–70 ليلعب معه ستة مواسم، حيث شارك طوالها في 173 مباراة سجل خلالها 151 هدف. لينتقل بعدها إلى نادي هانوفر 96 في موسم 1967–68 واستمر معه طيلة ثلاثة مواسم، مشاركًا في 57 مباراة سجل خلالها 31 هدفًا. ثم انتقل إلى نادي رييكا في موسم 1974–75 واستمر معه طيلة ثلاثة مواسم، مشاركًا في 36 مباراة سجل خلالها 10 أهداف.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يوغوسلافيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يوغوسلافيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في فرنسا
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون كروات مغتربون في لبنان
رياضيون كرواتيون مغتربون في البرتغال
رياضيون من زادار
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في إسبانيا
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في فرنسا
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في لبنان
لاعبو الدوري الألماني
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي
لاعبو الدوري اليوغوسلافي الأول
لاعبو أو إف كيه بيوغراد
لاعبو أولمبيك مارسيليا
لاعبو كأس العالم 1962
لاعبو كرة قدم كرواتيون
لاعبو كرة قدم كرواتيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في فرنسا
لاعبو كرة قدم من زادار
لاعبو كرة قدم يوغوسلافيون
لاعبو منتخب يوغوسلافيا لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي رييكا
لاعبو هانوفر 96
مدربو الدوري الألماني
مدربو أولمبيك مارسيليا
مدربو دينامو زغرب
مدربو ريال بلد الوليد
مدربو كأس آسيا 2000
مدربو كرة قدم كرواتيون
مدربو كرة قدم كرواتيون مغتربون
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في البرتغال
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في إسبانيا
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في لبنان
مدربو كرة قدم يوغوسلاف
مدربو كرة قدم يوغوسلافيون مغتربون
مدربو منتخب لبنان لكرة القدم
مدربو نادي رييكا
مدربو نادي زغرب
مدربو نادي سيليك زينيكا
مدربو نادي هامبورغ
مدربو نيم أولمبيك
مدربو هايدوك سبلت
مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
مواليد 1941

جوسيب سكوبلار


Xeni Gwet'in (Nemiah), jedna od 6 skupina nacije Chilcotin, naseljena na tradicionalnom teritoriju, Nemiah valley, koja se nalazi između jezera Chilko i Taseko, nešto manje od 200 kilometara zapadno od jezera William Lake u Britanskoj Kolumbiji, Kanada.

Populacija im iznosi oko 400, od čega 150 na rezervatu Nemiah valley (Nemaiah Valley), i 250 po drugim dijelovima Kanade i SAD-a.

Izvori

Chilcotin
Indijanci, Britanska Kolumbija

Xeni Gwet'in


Heya fawda es una película coproducción de Francia y Egipto que dirigieron Youssef Chahine y Khaled Youssef sobre el guion de Nasser Abdel Rahman, que fue estrenada en Egipto el 28 de noviembre de 2007. Fue la última película de Youssef Chahine, fallecido en 2008, que la completó con la ayuda del colaborador de larga data Khaled Youssef.

Sinopsis
Choubra es un barrio cosmopolita de El Cairo. Hatem, un turbio agente de policía, controla el barrio con mano de hierro. Todos le temen y le odian. Nour, una joven a la que quiere conquistar, es la única que se atreve a enfrentarse a él. Pero Tour está enamorada de Cherif, brillante y honrado sustituto del fiscal. Hatem, comido por los celos, intenta impedirlo. Quiere a Nour para él solo y convierte su vida en un infierno. Otra historia de amor en la larga vida del barrio de Choubra…

Reparto
 Khaled Saleh: Hatem
 Menna Shalabi: Nour
 Youssef El Sherif: Cherif
 Hala Sedki: Wedad
 Hala Fakher: Baheya
 Amr Abdel Gelil: Samy
 Ahmed Fouad Selim
 Abdullah Mosharraf
 Safwa: Somaya
 Maher Salim
 Ahmed Yehia

Comentarios
Sobre la película se ha opinado:

Otra nota crítica expresó:

Screendaily comentó:

Exhibición en festivales
Fue exhibida en el Festival Internacional de Cine de Toronto de 2007 y por su dirección Youssef Chahine fue nominado al Premio del Público. El mismo año se exhibió en el Festival de Cine de Venecia y fueron nominados al Premio León de Oro el director Youssef Chahine, los productores Jean Bréhat y Rachid Bouchareb y la compañ+ia productora 3B Productions.

Referencias

Películas sobre violación

Heya fawda


Das Atomsymbol ist in der Heraldik eine gemeine Figur und gehört zu den modernen Wappenfiguren. Es ist ein wenig gebräuchliches Wappenbild und kann als unheraldisch angesehen werden, da es eine fiktive konstruierte Form ist.

Dargestellt werden in der Regel drei ineinander verschlungene, gelegentlich auch zwei sich kreuzende, zumeist gleich große und gleich geformte Ellipsen um einen zumeist als Kreisfläche (heraldische Kugel) dargestellten Mittelpunkt. Die Ellipsen symbolisieren kreisförmige Umlaufbahnen von Elektronen eines Atomes um den Kern (entsprechend dem bohrschen Atommodell) und deuten damit eine Dreidimensionalität im flachen Wappen an. Die Andeutung der Elektronen selbst, beispielsweise durch je eine auf jede Ellipse gelegte Kugel, ist unüblich, kommt aber vor (so im Wappen von Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen). Bei drei Umlaufbahnen sind die Achsen oft gleichmäßig (d. h. um 120°) gegeneinander gedreht, bei zwei Umlaufbahnen entspricht die Lage der Längsachsen zumeist einem Andreaskreuz. Eine vorherrschende Tingierung ist nicht ersichtlich; zumeist haben der den Atomkern symbolisierende Kreis und die Umlaufbahnen die gleiche Farbe.

Die Wahl des Atomsymbols hängt oft mit kerntechnischen Anlagen oder mit der Forschung auf dem Gebiet zusammen. So deutet das unten gezeigte Wappen von Großwelzheim auf das um 1960 erbaute Kernkraftwerk Kahl hin, das auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde liegt. Auch der Landkreis Karlsruhe zeigte auf dem bis 1972 geltenden Wappen das Atomsymbol, welches auf das Kernforschungszentrum in Leopoldshafen verweist. Die Internationale Atomenergie-Organisation (IAEO) verwendet ein ähnliches Symbol ("Atomkern" außerhalb des Mittelpunktes) in ihrer Flagge.

Im Wappen von Elektrostal sind zwei aus dem Hammer des Hephaistos aufsteigende Blitze durch die zwei Umlaufbahnen eines goldenen Atomsymbols gebunden. Im Wappen von Schelesnogorsk ist ein silbern bewehrter goldener Bär durch die drei Umlaufbahnen eines silbernen Atomsymbols gebunden, während er mit seinen Klauen den Atomkern spaltet.

Weblinks

Naturerscheinung (Heraldik)

Atomsymbol (Heraldik)


Dorian mode or Doric mode can refer to three very different but interrelated subjects: one of the Ancient Greek harmoniai (characteristic melodic behaviour, or the scale structure associated with it); one of the medieval musical modes; or—most commonly—one of the modern modal diatonic scales, corresponding to the piano keyboard's white notes from D to D, or any transposition of itself.

Greek Dorian mode
The Dorian mode (properly harmonia or tonos) is named after the Dorian Greeks. Applied to a whole octave, the Dorian octave species was built upon two tetrachords (four-note segments) separated by a whole tone, running from the hypate meson to the nete diezeugmenon.

In the enharmonic genus, the intervals in each tetrachord are quarter tone–quarter tone–major third.

In the chromatic genus, they are semitone–semitone–minor third.

In the diatonic genus, they are semitone–tone–tone.

In the diatonic genus, the sequence over the octave is the same as that produced by playing all the white notes of a piano ascending from E to E, a sequence equivalent to the pattern of the modern Phrygian mode, although the temperament differs by small amounts.

Placing the single tone at the bottom of the scale followed by two conjunct tetrachords (that is, the top note of the first tetrachord is also the bottom note of the second), produces the Hypodorian ("below Dorian") octave species: A | B C D E | (E) F G A. Placing the two tetrachords together and the single tone at the top of the scale produces the Mixolydian octave species, a note sequence equivalent to modern Locrian mode.

Medieval Dorian mode
The early Byzantine church developed a system of eight musical modes (the octoechos), which served as a model for medieval European chant theorists when they developed their own modal classification system starting in the 9th century. The success of the Western synthesis of this system with elements from the fourth book of De institutione musica of Boethius, created the false impression that the Byzantine octoechos was inherited directly from ancient Greece.

Originally used to designate one of the traditional harmoniai of Greek theory (a term with various meanings, including the sense of an octave consisting of eight tones), the name was appropriated (along with six others) by the 2nd-century theorist Ptolemy to designate his seven tonoi, or transposition keys. Four centuries later, Boethius interpreted Ptolemy in Latin, still with the meaning of transposition keys, not scales. When chant theory was first being formulated in the 9th century, these seven names plus an eighth, Hypermixolydian (later changed to Hypomixolydian), were again re-appropriated in the anonymous treatise Alia Musica. A commentary on that treatise, called the Nova expositio, first gave it a new sense as one of a set of eight diatonic species of the octave, or scales.

In medieval theory, the authentic Dorian mode could include the note B "by licence", in addition to B. The same scalar pattern, but starting a fourth or fifth below the mode final D, and extending a fifth above (or a sixth, terminating on B), was numbered as mode 2 in the medieval system. This was the plagal mode corresponding to the authentic Dorian, and was called the Hypodorian mode. In the untransposed form on D, in both the authentic and plagal forms the note C is often raised to C to form a leading tone, and the variable sixth step is in general B in ascending lines and B in descent.

Modern Dorian mode
The modern Dorian mode (also called "Russian minor" by Balakirev,) by contrast, is a strictly diatonic scale corresponding to the white keys of the piano from D to D (shown below)

or any transposition of its interval pattern, which has the ascending pattern of whole steps and half steps as follows:

 whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half, whole

Thus, the Dorian mode is a symmetric scale, since the pattern of whole and half steps is the same ascending or descending.

The modern Dorian mode can also be thought of as a scale with a minor third and seventh, a major second and sixth, and a perfect fourth and fifth, notated relative to the major scale as:

 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

It may be considered an "excerpt" of a major scale played from the pitch a whole tone above the major scale's tonic, i.e., a major scale played from its second scale degree up to its second degree again. The resulting scale is, however, minor in quality, because, as the D becomes the new tonal centre, the F a minor third above the D becomes the new mediant, or third degree. Thus, when a triad is built upon the tonic, it is a minor triad.

The modern Dorian mode is equivalent to the natural minor scale (or the Aeolian mode) but with a major sixth. The modern Dorian mode resembles the Greek Phrygian harmonia in the diatonic genus.

It is also equivalent to the ascending melodic minor scale with a minor seventh.

Notable compositions in Dorian mode

Traditional
 "Drunken Sailor"
 "Scarborough Fair"
 "Noël nouvelet" (15th century French Christmas carol, often sung in English as "Sing We Now of Christmas")

Medieval
 "Ave maris stella", Gregorian chant (Marian hymn)
 "Dies irae" (original setting in Gregorian chant, sequence).
 "Victimae paschali laudes", Gregorian chant (sequence)
 "Veni Sancte Spiritus", Gregorian chant (sequence)
 Alle Psallite Cum Luya, an anonymous three-part Latin motet from the late 13th or early 14th century, recorded in the Montpellier Codex and thought to have originated in France.
Chominciamento di gioia, a 14th-century monophonic Italian estampie in five sections (British Library, Add MS 29987, No. 78).
 Lamento di Tristano, a 14th-century monophonic Italian dance in two parts, with the second section designated "La Rotta" (British Library, Add MS 29987, No. 91).
 La Manfredina, a 14th-century monophonic Italian dance in two parts, with the second section designated "La Rotta della Manfredina" (British Library, Add MS 29987, No. 92).
 The Kyrie, Gloria, and Credo of Messe de Nostre Dame (Mass of Our Lady), a polyphonic mass composed before 1365 by French poet and composer Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1300–1377).
"Personent Hodie", Medieval Latin Christmas carol

Renaissance
  "Il est bel et bon", a madrigal by Pierre Passereau

Baroque
 "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 538", an organ piece by Johann Sebastian Bach

Romantic
 The "Et incarnatus est" in the Credo movement of Beethoven's Missa Solemnis.
 The "Royal March of the Lions" from Camille Saint-Saëns's Carnival of the Animals suite uses Dorian mode to evoke a "Persian style."
 Large portions of the Symphony No. 6 by Jean Sibelius are in the Dorian mode.
 In "La Brise" (from the Mélodies Persanes, Op. 26), Saint-Saëns uses an E Dorian scale in the first half of the song.

Jazz
 "Maiden Voyage" by Herbie Hancock – The composition takes an AABA form with chords in the "A" sections in D Dorian and the "B" section in E Dorian.
 "Milestones" by Miles Davis
 "Oye Como Va" by Tito Puente, popularized by Santana
 "So What" by Miles Davis – The composition takes an AABA form with the "A" sections in D Dorian and the "B" section in E Dorian.

Popular
 "Born Under a Bad Sign" written by Booker T. Jones and William Bell. The song is a simple but atypical I7-V7-IV7 12-bar progression with a key signature corresponding to C major but with every B and E lowered to B and E, making the song C Dorian.
 "Eleanor Rigby" by The Beatles is often cited as a Dorian modal piece, and while the melody line in places uses the major sixth scale degree, the chord progression is in Aeolian (I–VI and VI–I).
 The chord sequence i–III–VII–IV is sometimes used in pop songs, where the harmonic rhythm leads the listener to think of it as a minor song. In the final chord of the sequence, however, the third is a major sixth above the tonic, as in the Dorian scale. Examples include: "Mad World" by Tears for Fears.
 "Get Lucky" by Daft Punk featuring Pharrell Williams (B Dorian)
"The Night The Lights Went Out In Georgia" (1973) by Vicki Lawrence
 "Rapper's Delight" by Sugarhill Gang is often written in E minor with a persistent C accidental, but is actually played in E Dorian. It shares a key signature (F, C) with its relative key, D major.
 "Tick Tock" by Clean Bandit (and Mabel) sounds heavily pentatonic, but is in fact (nominally) in the 'D' Dorian mode.
 "Radioactive" by Imagine Dragons (B Dorian)
 "Autumn Sweater" by Yo La Tengo (D Dorian)
 "Adiemus_(song)" by Karl Jenkins performed with Miriam Stockley, Mary Carewe and London Philharmonic Orchestra (D Dorian)
 "Mad World" by Tears for Fears (F# Dorian, F Dorian cover by Gary Jules)
 "Karma Police" by Radiohead (A Dorian)
 "Everything Means Nothing To Me" by Elliott Smith (A# Dorian)
 "I Me Mine" by The Beatles (A Dorian, then briefly D Dorian #4)
 "15 Step" by Radiohead (G# Dorian)
 "Don't Bother Me" by The Beatles (E Dorian)
 "Lotus Flower" by Radiohead (verse; D Dorian)
 "Billie Jean" by Michael Jackson (verse; F# Dorian, then briefly to B Dorian)
 "Blinding Lights" by The Weeknd (F Dorian)
 "Thriller" by Michael Jackson
 "Riders on the Storm" by The Doors (E Dorian)
 "Breathe" by Pink Floyd (E Dorian)
 "Lucky" by Radiohead (chorus; E Dorian)
 "Purple Haze" by Jimi Hendrix (E Dorian)
 "I Can't Dance" by Genesis (Bb Dorian)
 "Great Gig in the Sky" by Pink Floyd (G Dorian)
 "Give It to Me Baby" by Rick James (D Dorian)
 "Blue Jeans" by Lana Del Rey (F Dorian)
 "Woodstock" by Joni Mitchell (Eb Dorian)
 "Supersonic" by Oasis (E Dorian)
 "No Quarter" by Led Zeppelin (C# Dorian)
 "Money" by Pink Floyd (B Dorian)
 "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)" by The Beatles (chorus; E Dorian)
 "Stairway To Heaven" by Led Zeppelin (chorus; A Dorian)
 "Watermelon Sugar" by Harry Styles (D Dorian)
 "What Goes Around... Comes Around" by Justin Timberlake (A Dorian)
 "Wicked Game" by Chris Isaak (B Dorian)
 "Burn it Down" (D Dorian) and "New Divide" (F Dorian) by Linkin Park
 "Heart-Shaped Box" by Nirvana  (G# Dorian)

Other
 Kimigayo, the national anthem of Japan
 The Halo theme, taking significant inspiration from the aforementioned medieval Gregorian chants to effect an "ancient and mysterious" sound, is written in E dorian
 The Angry Birds theme

See also
 Kafi, the equivalent scale in Hindustani music.
 kOdipPaalai / Pann Marudham in Ancient Tamil music, see Evolution of Panns
 Kharaharapriya, the equivalent scale in Carnatic music.
 Ukrainian Dorian scale

References

External links
 Dorian Mode – Analysis
 Dorian Pentatonic Santana
 Dorian Scale over the Circle of Fifths
 Dorian Scale on guitar

Modes (music)
Mode

Dorian mode


Protein Data Bank (PDB) je kristalografska baza podataka trodimenzionalnih strukturalnih podataka velikih bioloških molekula poput bjelančevina i nukleinskih kiselina. Podatci su obično dobiveni kristalografijom X-zrakama, spektroskopijom NMR-om, ili u zadnje vrijeme rastuće krioelektronskom mikroskopijom. Podatke šalju biolozi i biokemičari iz svih krajeva svijta. Besplatno su dostupni na internetu preko mrežnih stranica organizacija članica PDB-a (PDBe, PDBj, and RCSB). PDB nadzire organizacija Worldwide Protein Data Bank, wwPDB.

Podatci su u formatu pdb.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 wwPDB
 PDBe
 RCSB
 PDBj

Biološke baze podataka
Kristalografija
Biokemija
Znanost i tehnologija u SAD-u

Protein Data Bank


Mark Hildreth (* 24. Januar 1978 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Kanada) ist ein kanadischer Schauspieler und Musiker.

Leben und Karriere
Er macht seit seinem fünften Lebensjahr Musik. Als er während einer Autofahrt mit seinem Vater einen Casting-Aufruf im Radio hörte, wollte er unbedingt daran teilnehmen. Nachdem er sich mit acht Jahren selbst das Klavierspielen beibrachte, hatte er seinen ersten Auftritt in der Oper Madame Butterfly im Queen Elizabeth Theatre in Vancouver.

Einem breiteren Publikum wurde er durch seine Rollen in V – Die Besucher bekannt.

Aber auch als Musiker hat er schon einige Erfolge gefeiert. Er gewann unter anderem 2006 den New Generation Song Contest und 2008 die Disc Makers' Independent Music World Series. Zurzeit nimmt er sein zweites Studioalbum auf.

Er ist mit der Schauspielerin Kristin Kreuk liiert.

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 1985: Love Is Never Silent
 1987: Das Versprechen des Elmer Jackson (After the Promise)
 1992–1994: The Odyssey (Fernsehserie)
 1994: Madison (Fernsehserie)
 1996: Todesschwadron aus der Zukunft (Past Perfect)
 1998–2000: Liebling, ich habe die Kinder geschrumpft (Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show) (Fernsehserie)
 2002: Andromeda (Fernsehserie)
 2002: They – Sie Kommen (They)
 2002–2003: Just Cause (Fernsehserie)
 2004: Earthsea – Die Saga von Erdsee (Legend of Earthsea)
 2005: Young Blades (Fernsehserie)
 2007: Pirates of the Caribbean – Am Ende der Welt (Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End)
 2008: Eureka – Die geheime Stadt (Eureka, Fernsehserie)
 2009: Supernatural (Fernsehserie)
 2009: Die Tudors (The Tudors, Fernsehserie)
 2009–2011: V – Die Besucher (V, Fernsehserie)
 2013: Die neue Prophezeiung der Maya (End of the World) (Fernsehfilm)
 2014–2015: Resurrection (Fernsehserie)
 2020: Ninjago (als Milton Dyer; Sprechrolle)

Diskografie
 2008: Complex State of Attachment

Weblinks

 Offizielle Website von Mark Hildreth (englisch)

Filmschauspieler
Kinderdarsteller
Sänger
Kanadier
Geboren 1978
Mann

Mark Hildreth


A Corte Rehnquist foi o período na história da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos durante o qual William Rehnquist atuou como Chefe de Justiça. Rehnquist sucedeu Warren Burger como Chefe de Justiça após a aposentadoria deste último, e Rehnquist ocupou o cargo até sua morte em 2005, quando John Roberts foi nomeado e confirmado como substituto de Rehnquist. A Corte Rehnquist é geralmente considerada mais conservadora do que a anterior (Corte Burger), mas não tão conservadora quanto a que a sucedeu, a Corte Roberts. De acordo com Jeffrey Rosen, Rehnquist combinou uma natureza amável com grande habilidade organizacional e "liderou um Tribunal que freou alguns dos excessos da era Earl Warren, mantendo o ritmo dos sentimentos da maioria do país".

Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos
Década de 1990 nos Estados Unidos
Década de 2000 nos Estados Unidos
Era Reagan

A Corte de Rehnquist


The Orthodox Presbyterian Church (OPC) is a confessional Presbyterian denomination located primarily in the United States, with additional congregations in Canada, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. It was founded by conservative members of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America (PCUSA), who objected to the rise of Liberal and Modernist theology in the 1930s. The OPC is considered to have had an influence on evangelicalism far beyond its size.

History
The Orthodox Presbyterian Church was founded in 1936, through the efforts of John Gresham Machen. Machen (formerly a PCUSA minister) had a longstanding distrust of liberalism in Christianity, as typified by the Auburn Affirmation. He and others founded Westminster Theological Seminary in 1929 in response to a liberal re-organization of Princeton Theological Seminary, and in 1933, Machen formed the Independent Board for Presbyterian Foreign Missions, due to concerns around tolerance of liberal theology on the Presbyterian mission field.

Machen's efforts were met with opposition. In 1935, the PCUSA General Assembly deemed Machen's Independent Board unconstitutional, and gave the associated clergy an ultimatum to break their ties with it. When Machen and seven other clergy refused to disavow the Independent Board, they were suspended from PCUSA ministry.

In light of these events, and the continuing rise of liberalism in the PCUSA, Machen and a group of conservative ministers, elders, and laymen met in Philadelphia on June 11, 1936, to form what they then called 'The Presbyterian Church of America' (not to be confused with the Presbyterian Church in America, or PCA, which formed in 1973), with Machen as the first moderator. Other key figures at this time include Ned B. Stonehouse, J. Oliver Buswell, and Edward Joseph Young.

Machen died shortly thereafter in January 1937. Later that year, a faction led by Carl McIntire broke away to form Bible Presbyterian Church, affirming total abstinence from alcohol and premillennialism.

In 1939, after PCUSA filed a lawsuit against the fledgling denomination for its name choice, the denomination adopted its current name, the Orthodox Presbyterian Church.

In 1961, the OPC published the popular Trinity Hymnal.

Since its founding, the OPC has produced numerous influential figures, including Scottish theologian John Murray, American theologians Richard B. Gaffin, Jr., Edmund P. Clowney, Loraine Boettner, and Meredith Kline, historian D.G. Hart, and presuppositional theologians Cornelius Van Til and Greg Bahnsen.

Doctrine
The Orthodox Presbyterian Church traces its doctrinal beliefs to the Reformation, and particularly the theology of the French Reformer John Calvin. After his death, Calvin's doctrines were developed and set forth by a 17th-century assembly of British theologians in the Westminster Standards (which include the Westminster Confession of Faith, and the Westminster Larger and Shorter Catechisms). The OPC thus holds to the Westminster Standards (with the American revisions of 1788) for doctrine and practice.

The OPC provides the following summary of its doctrine:

 The Bible, having been inspired by God, is entirely trustworthy and without error. Therefore, we are to believe and obey its teachings. The Bible is the only source of special revelation for the church today.
 The one true God is personal, yet beyond our comprehension. He is an invisible spirit, completely self-sufficient and unbounded by space or time, perfectly holy and just, and loving and merciful. In the unity of the Godhead there are three "persons": the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
 God created the heavens and the earth, and all they contain. He upholds and governs them in accordance with his eternal will. God is sovereign—in complete control—yet this does not diminish human responsibility.
 Because of the sin of the first man, Adam, all mankind is corrupt by nature, dead in sin, and subject to the wrath of God. But God determined, by a covenant of grace, that sinners may receive forgiveness and eternal life through faith in Jesus Christ. Faith in Christ has always been the only way of salvation, in both Old Testament and New Testament times.
 The Son of God took upon himself a human nature in the womb of the virgin Mary, so that in her son Jesus the divine and human natures were united in one person. Jesus Christ lived a sinless life and died on a cross, bearing the sins of, and receiving God's wrath for, all those who trust in him for salvation (his chosen ones). He rose from the dead and ascended into heaven, where he sits as Lord and rules over his kingdom (the church). He will return to judge the living and the dead, bringing his people (with glorious, resurrected bodies) into eternal life, and consigning the wicked to eternal punishment.
 Those whom God has predestined unto life are effectually drawn to Christ by the inner working of the Spirit as they hear the gospel. When they believe in Christ, God declares them righteous (justifies them), pardoning their sins and accepting them as righteous, not because of any righteousness of their own, but by imputing Christ's merits to them. They are adopted as the children of God and indwelt by the Holy Spirit, who sanctifies them, enabling them increasingly to stop sinning and act righteously. They repent of their sins (both at their conversion and thereafter), produce good works as the fruit of their faith, and persevere to the end in communion with Christ, with assurance of their salvation.
 Those whom God has predestined unto death are ignored by God. God does nothing to prevent them from sinning nor does he help them obtain salvation. The fate of the reprobate are to lead sinful wicked lives and suffer eternal damnation upon death.
 Believers strive to keep God's moral law, which is summarized in the Ten Commandments, not to earn salvation, but because they love their Savior and want to obey him. Good works are a gift prepared by God for his people. God is the Lord of the conscience, so that men are not required to believe or do anything contrary to, or in addition to, the Word of God in matters of faith or worship.
 Christ has established his church, and particular churches, to gather and perfect his people, by means of the ministry of the Word, the sacraments of baptism (which is to be administered to the children of believers, as well as believers) and the Lord's Supper (in which the body and blood of Christ are spiritually present to the faith of believers), and the disciplining of members found delinquent in doctrine or life. Christians assemble on the Lord's Day to worship God by praying, hearing the Word of God read and preached, singing psalms and hymns, and receiving the sacraments.

While there is unity on the fundamentals of the Reformed Faith, OPC pastors and presbyteries teach a range of doctrines on the biblical creation accounts, from non-evolutionary framework and analogical interpretations to young earth. There is similar variability in terms of eschatology.

Demographics
At the 2023 General Assembly, the OPC reported 584 ministers and 32,720 members. The OPC has 17 Presbyteries across Canada and the United States: Central Pennsylvania, Connecticut and Southern New York, the Dakotas, Michigan and Ontario, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, New Jersey, New York and New England, Northern California and Nevada, Northwest, Ohio, Philadelphia, South, Southeast, Southern California, Southwest, and Wisconsin and Minnesota.

Race
In the early 1970s, the General Assembly commissioned a 'Report of the Committee on Problems of Race', which stated that the OPC was a "largely white" denomination, due to losing "the allegiance of blacks during the ecclesiastical discrimination against blacks in the post-civil war period" and ecclesiastical "neglect" of minority groups. The report recommended more outreach to minority and urban areas.

As of 2019, there is one black minister in the OPC. The OPC also has at least 6 Asian ministers, 3 Middle Eastern ministers, and 8 South American ministers.

American politics
OPC ministers have a variety of political views. Carl Trueman, an ordained minister in the OPC, has authored Republocrat: Confessions of a Liberal Conservative (pub. 2010).  Greg Bahnsen was also a key figure in the Christian Reconstructionism movement, with an emphasis of applying God's law to contemporary civil and legal matters.

Abortion
The 39th General Assembly, meeting in 1972, adopted a statement on abortion that included the affirmation that "voluntary abortion, except possibly to save the physical life of the mother, is in violation of the Sixth Commandment (Exodus 20:13)."

Military
In 1993, the denomination petitioned then President Bill Clinton to continue to disallow homosexuals to serve in the military. The petition states that: "The practice of homosexuality is a reproach to any nation. It undermines the family, and poses a substantial threat to the general health, safety and welfare of our citizens. Your own Christian background ought to demonstrate to you the practical benefits of upholding the biblical stand against homosexuality, especially in light of the current epidemic of AIDS and other diseases spread through homosexual conduct."

The 68th General Assembly in 2001 declared "that the use of women in military combat is both contrary to nature and inconsistent with the Word of God,"

Immigration
In 2006-2007, a study committee formed by the General Assembly created a report that concluded that "the church should never turn its back on fellow brothers and sisters in Christ, whether they are legally or illegally in the country. We should be willing to see to the spiritual and physical needs of anyone who comes to the church." The report nonetheless recommended that illegal immigrants repent of their illegal activity.

Governance
The Orthodox Presbyterian Church has a Presbyterian polity. The offices of the church and corresponding duties can be found in the OPC Book of Church Order.

Session
A Session consists of the ministers and ruling elders of an individual congregation. The duties of the Session include overseeing public worship, the administration of Baptism and The Lord's Supper, the addition, removal, and discipline of members, and keeping records of membership

Presbytery
All of the members of local congregations and its ministers are organized by geography into a regional church, and the presbytery serves as its governing body. The presbytery is composed of all of the ministers and ruling elders of the various congregations in the regional church, and presbytery meetings are to consist of all ministers and one ruling elder from each respective session.

The duties of the presbytery include overseeing evangelism and resolving questions regarding church discipline. The presbytery also takes candidates for ministry under its care, and examines, licenses and ordains them. It also, if necessary, can remove a minister.

General Assembly
The OPC's General Assembly is the supreme judicatory, and as such, it is to resolve all doctrinal and disciplinary issues that have not been resolved by the sessions and presbyteries. The other duties of the General Assembly include organizing regional churches, calling ministers and licentiates to missionary or other ministries, and reviewing the records from the presbyteries. It also arranges internship training for prospective ministers, and oversees diaconal needs.

The General Assembly meets at least once a year, and is to have, at maximum, 155 voting commissioners, including the moderator and stated clerk of the previous General Assembly, and ministers and ruling elders representing their respective presbyteries.

Women in ministry
The OPC does not ordain women as pastors, elders, or deacons. At least one congregation allowed women to serve as unordained deaconesses, but that congregation has since closed.

Missions
There are 38 mission works and eight active foreign mission fields in the OPC today: in China, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Haiti, Quebec, Uganda, Ukraine, and Uruguay. One of the OPC's goals is that "indigenous Reformed churches be established which will provide fellowship and instruction, and make the gospel known in its own culture and in others".

The OPC's Committee on Home Missions and Church Extension also serves to help sustain and plant congregations in the United States and Canada. Their duty is to aid presbyteries in planting congregations, finding pastors, purchasing property and church buildings, and assisting home missionaries.

Ecumenical relations
In 1975, the OPC became a founding member of the North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council (NAPARC). Through NAPARC, the OPC enjoys fraternal relations with the PCA, the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America, the Reformed Church in the United States, the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, the United Reformed Churches in North America, the Canadian and American Reformed Churches and several other confessional Continental Reformed and Presbyterian Churches in the United States and Canada.

The OPC is also a member of the International Conference of Reformed Churches (ICRC), which includes Reformed & Presbyterian denominations from across the globe.

Outside NAPARC and ICRC, the OPC has relations with the Africa Evangelical Presbyterian Church, the Reformed Church in Japan, the Presbyterian Church in Japan and the Presbyterian Church of Brazil.

References

Further reading
 Gatiss, Lee.  Christianity and the Tolerance of Liberalism: J.Gresham Machen and the Presbyterian Controversy of 1922-1937. London: Latimer Trust, 2008
 Churchill, Robert King. Lest We Forget : a Personal Reflection on the Formation of The Orthodox Presbyterian Church. Philadelphia : The Committee for the Historian of The Orthodox Presbyterian Church, 1987.
 Longfield, Bradley J. The Presbyterian Controversy: Fundamentalists, Modernists, and Moderates. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
 Hart, D.G. Defending the Faith: J. Gresham Machen and the Crisis of Conservative Protestantism in Modern America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.
 Hart, D.G., and John Muether. Fighting the Good Fight of Faith: A Brief History of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. Philadelphia: The Committee on Christian  Education and the Committee for the Historian of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, 1995.
 North, Gary. Crossed Fingers: How the Liberals Captured the Presbyterian Church. Tyler, TX: Institute for Christian Economics. 1996.
 Calhoun, David B., Princeton Seminary: The Majestic Testimony, 1869-1929. Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth, 1996.
 Rian, Edwin H. The Presbyterian Conflict. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. 1940.
 Loetscher, Lefferts A., The Broadening Church: A Study of Theological Issues in the Presbyterian Church Since 1869. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
 Elliot, Paul M., Christianity and Neo-Liberalism: The Spiritual Crisis in the Orthodox Presbyterian Church and Beyond, 2005, Trinity Foundation,

External links

The Orthodox Presbyterian Church: official website
Great Commission Publications

Presbyterian denominations in Canada
Presbyterian denominations in the United States
Christian organizations established in 1936
Presbyterian denominations established in the 20th century

Orthodox Presbyterian Church


Die katholische Kapelle St. Georg wurde in der Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts als Kapelle der Burg Hohenreichen gebaut. Das Kirchdorf Hohenreichen, vier Kilometer nordöstlich von Wertingen gelegen, ist seit 1972 ein Stadtteil von Wertingen im Landkreis Dillingen an der Donau und gehört zum bayerischen Regierungsbezirk Schwaben. In der Kapelle befindet sich ein spätgotischer Flügelaltar mit der Darstellung des heiligen Georg.

Geschichte
Im Jahr 1093 ist der Ort erstmals unter der Bezeichnung Ricchin (Reichen) schriftlich erwähnt. Der Name wird auf den Hohenreicher Mühlbach zurückgeführt, der früher die Reiche Ach hieß, was ihn als besonders wasserreich auszeichnen sollte. 1093 wurden auch die Herren von Reichen erstmals erwähnt. Sie waren Edelfreie und sind bis 1154 nachgewiesen. Ihnen folgte ein Zweig der Truchsesse von Kühlenthal und später ein Zweig der Marschälle von Rechberg, die sich daraufhin Marschälle von Reichen und später Freiherren von Pappenheim nannten. Sie erwarben 1467/68 auch die Herrschaft Wertingen. Bis 1568 war die Burg ihr Herrschaftsmittelpunkt. Als sie in das Schloss in Wertingen übersiedelten, verfiel die Burg und wurde 1779 abgebrochen. Nur die 1456 errichtete Schlosskapelle blieb erhalten.

Architektur
Vor der Westfassade erhebt sich der Turm. Er ist mit einer flachen Zwiebelhaube gedeckt, die er vermutlich im späten 16. Jahrhundert erhielt. Die quadratischen Untergeschosse sind mit Bogenfriesen verziert und tragen einen kurzen oktogonalen Aufbau, der auf allen acht Seiten von rundbogigen Klangarkaden durchbrochen ist.

Der Innenraum ist einschiffig und mündet im Osten in einen stark eingezogenen Chor mit Fünfachtelschluss, den ein Netzgewölbe überspannt. Chor und Langhaus sind von großen Spitzbogenfenstern durchbrochen.

Ausstattung
 Die Kapelle besitzt einen spätgotischen Flügelaltar, der mit der Jahreszahl 1515 bezeichnet ist. Den Mittelschrein nimmt eine halbplastische Figur des heiligen Georg ein, der zu Pferde dargestellt ist und den Drachen besiegt. Im Hintergrund ist die ehemalige Burg Hohenreichen dargestellt. Die seitlichen Flügel stellen links Jesus am Ölberg (oben) und die Geißelung Christi (unten) dar und auf der rechten Seite die Dornenkrönung (oben) und die Grablegung Christi (unten).
 Die Figuren des Johannes des Täufers, des heiligen Christophorus und der heiligen Elisabeth von Thüringen werden um 1510/20 datiert.
 Aus dieser Zeit stammt auch das farbig gefasste Relief des heiligen Isidor von Madrid, der von Haustieren umgeben ist.

Sonstiges
In den 1970er-Jahren wurden die vier Altarflügel geraubt. Der Wertinger Adolf Merk erkannte auf einem Kunstmarkt in München einen der Altarflügel wieder. Er gab der Polizei den entscheidenden Tipp. Die Altarteile waren bereits nach Belgien verkauft worden.

Literatur
 Georg Dehio (neubearbeitet von Bruno Bushart und Georg Paula): Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Kunstdenkmäler Bayern III: Schwaben. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München 1989, ISBN 3-422-03008-5, S. 458–459.
 Georg Wörishofer, Alfred Sigg, Reinhard H. Seitz: Städte, Märkte und Gemeinden. In: Der Landkreis Dillingen a. d. Donau in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Landkreis Dillingen an der Donau (Hrsg.), 3. neu bearbeitete Auflage, Dillingen an der Donau 2005, S. 409–411.

Weblinks

StGeorg
St Georg
Kirchengebäude im Landkreis Dillingen an der Donau
Kapelle im Bistum Augsburg
Gotisches Bauwerk in Bayern
Gotische Kirche
Erbaut in den 1450er Jahren
Burgkirche
Georgskirche
Kirchengebäude in Europa

St. Georg (Hohenreichen)


Johann Vogel ist der Name folgender Personen:
* Johann Vogel (Dichter) (1589–1663), deutscher Dichter und Hochschullehrer
 Johann von Vogel (1798–1870), deutscher Jurist und Politiker
 Johann Vogel (1881–1945), deutscher Politiker (SPD), siehe Hans Vogel (Politiker, 1881)
 Johann Vogel (Fussballspieler) (* 1977), Schweizer Fußballspieler
 Johann Anton von Vogel (1743–1800), österreichischer Staatsbeamter
 Johann Christoph Vogel (1756–1788), deutscher Komponist
 Johann Conrad Vogel (1656–1721), deutscher Orgelbauer

 Johann Karl Christoph Vogel (1795–1862), deutscher Theologe und Pädagoge
 Johann Konrad Vogel (1796–1883), österreichischer Zuckerbäcker deutscher Herkunft
 Johann Nicolaus von Vogel (1686–1760), Staatsbeamter und Bibliograph
 Johann Peter Vogel (1932–2023), deutscher Jurist
 Johann Philipp Albert Vogel (1814–1886), deutscher Holzschneider
 Johann Rudolf Vogel (1810–1891), Schweizer Politiker
 Johann Wilhelm Vogel (1657–1723), deutscher Ostindien-Fahrer, Bergbaubeamter und Schriftsteller

Siehe auch:
 Hans Vogel
 Johannes Vogel
 Johann Vogl
 Hanns Vogel (1912–2005), deutscher Schriftsteller, Dramaturg und Theaterleiter

Johann Vogel


Lillakronet amazone () er en papegøje, der lever i det vestlige Mexico.

Kilder
 Avibase - the world bird database

Eksterne henvisninger

Mexicos fugle
Papegøjer

Lillakronet amazone


Uwe Hüser (* 21. August 1958 in Koblenz) ist ein deutscher politischer Beamter in Rheinland-Pfalz sowie ehemaliger Verbandsfunktionär und Bundestagsabgeordneter (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen). Er ist Präsident der Struktur- und Genehmigungsdirektion Nord in Koblenz.

Leben
Nach dem Schulbesuch in Koblenz studierte Hüser von 1980 bis 1986 Wirtschaftswissenschaften an der RWTH Aachen. Von 1991 bis 1992 war er Finanzreferent und von 1992 bis 2003 Bundesgeschäftsführer des Naturschutzbunds Deutschland (NABU) in Bonn. Von 2003 bis 2011 war er Fachbereichsleiter beim Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverband in Berlin. Von 2012 bis 2016 war Hüser Staatssekretär im Ministerium für Wirtschaft, Klimaschutz, Energie und Landesplanung Rheinland-Pfalz. Seit dem 1. Januar 2021 ist Hüser Präsident der Struktur- und Genehmigungsdirektion Nord, der er bereits vom 1. Oktober 2011 bis zum 31. Juli 2012 vorstand.

Hüser ist seit 1980 Mitglied des Kreisverbandes der Grünen in Koblenz. Von 1982 bis 1987 gehörte er dem Landesvorstand der Grünen in Rheinland-Pfalz an. Bei der Bundestagswahl 1987 wurde er über die Landesliste Rheinland-Pfalz der Grünen in den Deutschen Bundestag gewählt, dem er bis zum Ende der 11. Wahlperiode im Dezember 1990 angehörte. Im Bundestag war Hüser ordentliches Mitglied des Finanzausschusses sowie Parlamentarischer Geschäftsführer der grünen Bundestagsfraktion.

Literatur
 Rudolf Vierhaus, Ludolf Herbst (Hrsg.), Bruno Jahn (Mitarb.): Biographisches Handbuch der Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages. 1949–2002. Bd. 1: A–M. K. G. Saur, München 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0, S. 369.

Weblinks
 Lebenslauf von Uwe Hüser

Bundestagsabgeordneter (Rheinland-Pfalz)
Bündnis-90/Die-Grünen-Mitglied
Behördenleiter
Verbandsfunktionär (Deutschland)
Person (Koblenz)
Staatssekretär (Rheinland-Pfalz)
Deutscher
Geboren 1958
Mann

Uwe Hüser