Tonmi Kristian Lillman (Kouvola, 3 de junio de 1973, 13 de febrero de 2012) fue un músico finlandés de la banda Lordi que oficialmente cambió su nombre de Tommi a Tonmi en 2004.

Carrera
El padre de Lillman era un músico, y como resultado creció rodeado de una gran variedad de instrumentos. Tonmi recibió su primera batería a los 9 años, y comenzó a actuar en vivo a los 14. Aparte de la batería y del bajo, sus principales instrumentos, también tocó el
piano y la guitarra. Antes de su muerte, estuvo implicado en las bandas Kylähullut, Vanguard y 3rror. A partir de dichas bandas, se convirtió más conocidamente como el baterista de Sinergy, To/Die/For y de Lordi, banda en la que falleció.

En su carrera profesional Lillman también ha enseñado grabación digital y la batería en el Kouvola Musiikkiopisto (Conservatorio de Kouvola). Ha tocado en numerosas bandas folk y en orquestas de música pop, así como el manejo de la batería en el Dimebag Beyond Forever 2009 una gira junto a Rainer "Raikku" Tuomikanto.

En Lordi, sustituyó al exbatería Sampsa Astala (Kita), el 26 de octubre. Tras ello tocó en el "Europe For Breakfast Tour" con la banda.

Muerte

Tonmi falleció el 13 de febrero de 2012, aun por causas desconocidas.

En la página oficial de Lordi, se puede leer el mensaje de la banda hacia Otus:

"Our dear friend and bandmate, 'Otus' Tonmi Lillman, has sadly passed away [at the age of 38]. He will be greatly missed and we send our condolences to his family and friends.
Otus, we thank You from the bottom of our hearts for the short time we got to know you and spend with you together. Rest in peace, friend."

("Nuestro querido amigo y compañero de banda, 'Otus' Tonmi Lillman, lamentablemente ha fallecido a la edad de 38. Se le echará mucho de menos y enviamos nuestras condolencias a su familia y amigos.
Otus, te damos las gracias desde el fondo de nuestros corazones por haberte conocido y haber gastado este poco tiempo contigo juntos. Descansa en paz, amigo.")

Personaje

Mr. Lordi "No estamos seguros de lo que realmente es, es solo... una criatura, una cosa (Otus en finés). Es una mezcla de un carnicero, un verdugo, un extranjero, un lagarto y un zombi. Un tipo duro. Y sin duda, uno de los miembros más extraños de nuestra familia"

Trabajo en el estudio

Lillman ha aparecido en varios álbumes, actuando como músico de estudio para bandas como Reflexion, Twilight Ophera, y, por ejemplo, proporcionando el trabajo de batería para el álbum Guitar Heroes. Recientemente Tonmi se ha distinguido como un ingeniero de sonido, mezcla y grabación de bandas como Beherit, Bloodride, Chainhill, D-Creation, Exsecratus, Fierce, Fear Of Domination, Heorot, In Silentio Noctis, Laava, Lie in Ruins, Madison Roam, MyGRAIN, Rage My Bitch, Raivopäät, Roo, Rujo, Rytmihäiriö, Saattue, Serene Decay, Served Dead, Vapaat Kädet y V-For Violence.

Material propio

Tonmi Lillman utilizaba Batería Pearl, platillos Sabian y baquetas Pro-Mark. Lillman era conocido por su estilo característico de la colocación del tambor, y era un usuario devoto de los dobles bombos. Su estilo de tocar la batería estaba arraigada al rock, por lo que valoraba un buen groove y una columna vertebral rítmica fuerte, combinado con rellenos innovadores, sobre las altas velocidades y los blast beats. Tonmi mencionó como sus principales influencias de los tambores a Teijo "Twist Twist" Erkinharju, Mikkey Dee, Deen Castronovo, y su mayor influencia, a Dave Weckl.

Kit de batería de Tonmi Lillman:
Pearl Masters Premium MMP
 20" x 18" kick drum x 2
 8" x 8" tom tom
 10" x 10" tom tom
 12" x 12" tom tom
 14" x 12" tom tom
 16" x 14" tom tom
 Eliminator P-2000C x 2 pedals
 13" x 5" Omar Hakim Signature snare

Platillos:
Sabian
 16" AAX X-Plosion Fast Crash
 17" AAX Stage Crash
 17" AAX Studio Crash
 17" AAX X-Plosion Crash
 17" AAX Dark Crash
 18" AAX Stage Crash
 18" AAX X-Plosion Crash
 19" AAX Metal Crash
 20" AAX Metal Ride
 14" AAX Studio Hi-hat
 14" AAX Stage Hi-hat
Wuhan
 20" S series Medium Heavy Ride
 12" China
 18" China

Gráficos y videos musicales
Tras la música, Tonmi trabajó como diseñador gráfico, especializado en gráficos en 3D. También ha trabajado como editor en videos musicales como en Ajattara con "...Putoan" y "Ikuisen Aamun Sara", en Mind Of Doll con "Marks On My Face", en Kylähullut con el video "Kieli hanurissa" y en Vanguard con "Whisper". También ha diseñado las carátulas para bandas como To/Die/For, Sinergy, Kylähullut, HateFrame, D-Creation y Dance Nation, entre otros. Además, ha editado presentaciones de video, anuncios y productos de marca para diferentes compañías así como proporcionar la producción de video y posproducción para DVD de bandas como Crumbland. Tonmi también diseñó y produjo las animaciones de fondo para el Europe For Breakfast Tour 2010 de Lordi. Otros trabajos gráficos incluyen diseño web, producción y proporcionando banneres y animaciones para varios sitios de juegos en línea.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Lordi

 Kylähullut en MySpace
 Vanguard
 Vanguard en MySpace
 Hateframe en mikseri.net
 Fallece Tonmi Lillman "Otus" baterista de LORDI

Bateristas de Finlandia
Bateristas de heavy metal
Miembros de Lordi
Músicos de heavy metal de Finlandia
Causa de muerte no esclarecida
Personas de Kouvola

Tonmi Lillman


Ugamia, monotipski rod glavočika smješten u tribus Anthemideae. Jedina je vrsta U. angrenica,  zeljasta biljka svjetložutih cvjetova iz središnje Azije. Raste po stjenovitim obroncima planina na visinama od 2 000-3 500m

Sinonimi
 Cancrinia angrenica Krasch.

Izvori

Anthemideae incertae sedis
Flora Kazahstana
Flora Kirgistana
Flora Uzbekistana

Ugamia


Denivelarea este numele purtat de o metodă de aliniere pe verticală a intersecției a două sau mai multor axe de transport la diferite gradiente de înălțime, astfel încât să nu disturbe fluența traficului pe nici una din rutele de tranzit care se intersectează. Compoziția unor astfel de axe de transport nu trebuie să fie uniformă. Poate fi vorba de un mixt de șosele, căi ferate, canale de navigație, piste pentru bicicliști sau pietoni și piste aeroportuare. Podurile (pasajele superioare), tunelurile (pasajele inferioare) sau o combinație între amândouă pot fi construite într-o intersecție pentru a se obține gradul necesar de denivelare.

În România, o intersecție denivelată de drumuri este încadrată în normative la clasa I și denumită în general nod rutier, în contrast cu termenul intersecție, folosit în general pentru a desemna o intersecție la nivel.

Efecte

Avantaje
Căile de transport cu intersecții denivelate asigură în general o fluență mare a traficului, cu mai puține întreruperi și cu viteze de circulație relativ ridicate. Din aceste motive, vitezele limită legale sunt în general mai mari decât în cazul căilor de transport cu intersecții la nivel. În plus, separarea căilor și direcțiilor de trafic în intersecții reduce riscul accidentelor.

Dezavantaje
Intersecțiile denivelate ocupă suprafețe mari de teren și sunt complicate și costisitoare datorită necesității construcției de structuri precum tuneluri, rampe de acces, poduri și podețe. Înălțimea lor poate obtura orizontul vizual, iar acest lucru, combinat cu volumul mare de trafic pe care îl atrage acest tip de intersecție, le face nepopulare proprietarilor de terenuri și rezidenților din apropierea lor. Din aceste motive, construcția de noi intersecții denivelate poate stârni uneori protestele și opoziția publicului.

Intersecțiile feroviare denivelate ocupă în general mai puțin spațiu decât cele rutiere deoarece nu există benzi de staționare de urgență, ramificațiile sunt mai puțin numeroase decât în cazul drumurilor și nu există în general nevoia de construcție a unor rampe de acces pentru distribuția locală a traficului. De altfel, intersecțiile feroviare la nivel pot ocupa ele însele o suprafață mare de teren. Totuși, denivelarea intersecțiilor feroviare necesită un efort ingineresc semnificativ, ceea ce le face foarte costisitoare, iar construcția lor este una de durată. În anumite cazuri, precum la căile ferate de mare viteză, denivelarea intersecțiilor este obligatorie.

Intersecțiile pietonale denivelate sau ale pistelor de biciclete solicită în general puțin spațiu, deoarece de cele mai multe ori nu traversează obstacole mari precum autostrăzile și, chiar și în aceste cazuri, nu este nevoie să fie construite rampe sau bretele de legătură cu acestea.

Intersecțiile denivelate pot crea probleme persoanelor cu dizabilități din cauza declivităților necesare pentru ca o cale de transport să treacă peste alta. Avansul peroanelor cu dizabilități în lungul unei căi sau accesul la peroanele situate la diferite niveluri ale unei intersecții denivelate se pot dovedi astfel dificile, iar în unele cazuri intersecțiile sunt prevăzute cu rampe sau lifturi speciale.

Note

Intersecții

Intersecție denivelată


Koreamegops é um gênero de aranha que viveu durante o período Cretáceo.

Descoberta
O fóssil de Koreamegops foi encontrado na Formação Jinju, Coreia do Sul, sendo um dos 11 fósseis de aranhas já encontrados lá. Esse fóssil surpreendeu os pesquisadores, pois o tapetum do animal ainda brilhava. A descoberta esclarece um pouco mais sobre o comportamento primitivo das aranhas que, em número, são um dos predadores mais importantes da Terra moderna.

Referências

Animais do Cretáceo
Espécies fósseis descritas em 2019

Koreamegops


Pokrajina Damask ( / ALA-LC: Muḥāfaẓat Dimashq je jedna od 14 sirijskih pokrajina. Pokrajina uključuje samo glavni grad Damask i palestinski izbjeglički kamp Yarmouk. Potpuno je okružena pokrajinom Rif Dimashq. Ima oko 1.711.000 stanovnika.

Geografija
Grad Damask se nalazi na strateškom položaju, na visoravni na nadmorskoj visini od 680 m, oko 80 km od obale sredozemnog mora, u blizini gorja Anti-Libanon. Rijeka Barada opskrbljuje ovaj dio Sirije vodom. U blizini grada je Guta, plodno poljoprivredno područje gdje se brojne vrsta voća, povrća i žitarica uzgajaju već tisućama godina.

Površina pokrajine je oko 107 km2, od čega je 79 km2 urbano područje (Damask 77, kamp Yarmouk 2), dok ostatak otpada na planinu Jabal Qāsiyūn.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Damask

Damask (pokrajina)


Edgar Miles Bronfman Jr. (born May 16, 1955) is an American businessman who currently serves as a Managing Partner at Accretive LLC, a private equity firm focused on creating and investing in technology companies. He previously served as CEO of Warner Music Group from 2004 to 2011 and as Chairman of Warner Music Group from 2011 to 2012. In May 2011, the sale of WMG was announced; Bronfman would continue as CEO in the transaction. In August 2011, he became Chairman of the company as Stephen Cooper became CEO. Bronfman previously served as CEO of Seagram and vice-chairman of Vivendi Universal. Bronfman Jr. expanded and later divested ownership of the Seagram Company, and also worked as a Broadway and film producer, and songwriter under the pseudonyms Junior Miles and Sam Roman.

Early life
Born in 1955, Edgar Jr. ("Efer" to friends)  is the son of Edgar Miles Bronfman and the grandson of Samuel Bronfman, patriarch of one of the wealthiest and most influential Jewish families in Canada. The Bronfman family gained its fortunes through the Seagram Company, an alcohol distilling company. Edgar Jr. is the second of five children of Ann (Loeb) and Edgar Miles Bronfman. His mother was the daughter of John Langeloth Loeb Sr. (a Wall Street investment banker whose company was a predecessor of Shearson Lehman/American Express) and Frances Lehman (a scion of the Lehman Brothers banking firm). They divorced in 1973.

Business career

Film production
Bronfman proceeded to a brief career in entertainment in the 1970s as a film and Broadway producer. The summer before his final year of high school, in 1972, he was a credited producer on the film, The Blockhouse. His Efer Productions company was signed by Universal Studios in 1977 to a three-year movie production contract. He produced the unsuccessful film The Border  (1982), which starred Jack Nicholson.

Seagram Company
In 1982, Bronfman returned to the Seagram Company, spending three months learning the ropes before moving to London to become managing director of Seagram Europe. In 1984, Bronfman returned to New York as President of the House of Seagram, the company's U.S. marketing division. By 1994, he became the Chief Executive Officer, where he began a move away from the traditional liquor business and into entertainment. According to Cigar Aficionado, Edgar Jr. led the family on a series of disastrous business deals, ultimately losing the family's ownership of Seagram.

The first step in this diversification was the widely criticised sale of Seagram's stake in DuPont. In 1981, Edgar Bronfman Sr. had sold Seagram's stake in Conoco to DuPont, in exchange for almost 25% of the chemical giant. This stake in DuPont, by 1995, represented about 70% of Seagram's total earnings. Nevertheless, Bronfman Jr., acting as Seagram CEO, approached DuPont about buying back its shares, a deal that DuPont wasted no time in closing.

With the proceeds of the $9 billion sale, Bronfman Jr. went on an expansion into the entertainment business, in music through the acquisition of PolyGram, and in film entertainment through MCA and Universal Pictures. However, the new entertainment conglomerate he created had a brief life, before needing a strategic partner. Bronfman Jr., then led Seagram into a controversial all-stock acquisition by French conglomerate Vivendi in 2000. Bronfman Jr., became chief of the new company, Vivendi Universal, but the Seagram company effectively lost control of its entertainment businesses. Meanwhile, the beverage division—the core of Seagram was acquired by Pernod Ricard and Diageo and divided between the two firms. Seagram, for all intents and purposes, ceased to exist.

In December 2001, Bronfman announced he was stepping down from an executive capacity at Vivendi Universal, but remaining as vice chair of the board.

In 2002, Bronfman joined private investment firm Accretive LLC as General Partner. The firm focuses on conducting deep market research and hand-selecting firms to back. Among its past projects are Accretive Health and Fandango (ticket service). Companies it currently backs include human resources firm AlphaStaff and small-business insurance company Insureon.

Warner Music Group
On February 27, 2004, Bronfman finalised the acquisition of Warner Music Group and served as Chairman and CEO of the music company for the following 7 years. Bronfman helped to transform WMG by rapidly growing the company's digital music sales, redefining the relationships it has with artists and diversifying its revenue streams through its expansion into growing areas of the music business. WMG held an initial public offering of stock in 2005 (NYSE: WMG), and is now the only standalone major music company to be publicly traded. While the stock has fallen from a high in 2005 of over $30 per share, the company has nonetheless produced double-digit growth in its digital business, increased its market share and delivered stable revenue performance despite a drastic music industry decline during the same period. In 2008, The New York Times reported that WMG's Atlantic Records became the first major record label to generate more than half of its music sales in the U.S. from digital products.

In May, 2011, WMG and Bronfman announced the company's sale to Access Industries for US$3.3 billion cash. Access is controlled by Russian-born billionaire Len Blavatnik, a former board member and still-substantial shareholder of WMG at the time of the purchase announcement. The sale, coming after a three-month bidding process, "serves the best interests of stockholders as well as the best interests of music fans, our recording artists and songwriters, and the wonderful people of this company," according to a statement released by Bronfman. CEO Bronfman would continue in his post in the transaction, though further job cuts were also foreseen. The investment group which has owned the company since 2004 was said to have received a positive return on its investment.

In August 2011, Bronfman became Chairman of Warner Music and Stephen Cooper became CEO. He stepped down as chairman on January 31, 2012. In February 2017, it was reported that Meredith Corp. and a group of investors led by Bronfman Jr. were considering pursuing Time Inc.

He is currently the chairman of Endeavor, an international non-profit development organisation that supports entrepreneurs.

Waverley Capital
In 2017, it was announced that Bronfman would be launching a new venture capital firm called Waverley Capital, alongside Luminari Capital founder Daniel Leff. This firm would invest in "innovative and disruptive" companies within both technology and entertainment, with offices in New York and Palo Alto, California, with a Los Angeles office expected to open in the future.

Music career
In 1973, Bronfman began a songwriting career under the pseudonyms Junior Miles and Sam Roman. He often collaborated with Bruce Roberts on songs like "Whisper in the Dark", which he gave to Dionne Warwick to record in thanks for introducing him to his first wife, Sherry. Bronfman also co-wrote  "To Love You More", which was recorded by Celine Dion, and Barbra Streisand's "If I Didn't Love You".

Personal life

Edgar M. Bronfman, Jr., is the son of Edgar Bronfman, Sr., the billionaire businessman and longtime president of the World Jewish Congress who died aged 84 in 2013. He is the half-brother of Clare Bronfman, who as a 39-year-old was charged in 2018 in a NXIVM sex-trafficking case.

In 1979, Bronfman married his first wife, the African American actress Sherry Brewer, in New Orleans. Bronfman's father did not approve of the marriage. "I very much wanted for him to end the relationship, because I told him, all marriages are difficult enough without the added stress of totally different backgrounds", Bronfman Sr. wrote in his memoirs. "Sherry offered to convert [to Judaism], which though well intentioned, was not the point."

Bronfman and Brewer eloped and he and his father remained estranged. The couple had three children before they divorced in 1991:
 Benjamin (born 1982) – Bronfman's eldest son with Sherry is also known as "Ben Brewer", a rock musician. Brewer was the guitar player and vocalist for the New York-based alternative rock band The Exit. He also was engaged to Mathangi "Maya" Arulpragasam, a British recording artist, songwriter, painter and director of Sri Lankan Tamil descent, better known under the stage name of M.I.A. Her compositions combine elements of electronica, dance, alternative, hip hop and world music. They have a son, Ikhyd Edgar Arular Bronfman, born on 11 February 2009.
 Vanessa, and
 Hannah (born 1987) – Actress and DJ. Hannah is probably best known for Beautified, an app for setting last-minute beauty appointments.

In 1993 Bronfman married Clarisa Alcock San Román, a Catholic, the daughter of Frank Alcock Pérez-Matos, a Venezuelan oil executive of half British descent, and Dinorah San Román Strup. They have four children: Aaron, Bettina, Erik, and Clarissa.

Insider trading conviction
On January 21, 2011, Bronfman was found guilty in French court of insider trading as Vivendi chief and received a 15-month suspended sentence and a €5m fine.

Considering the jail sentences handed out to other executives for similar convictions, BNN reporter Michael Kane told CTV News "The fact that the judge suspended the jail time could be looked at as getting off lightly, perhaps."

He has appealed the decision.

Stance on music copyright infringement
At the height of file sharing service Napster's popularity, Bronfman was a leading opponent of the illegal use of peer-to-peer technology. As CEO of Universal, he helped lead the music industry's opposition to Napster, likening it to slavery and Soviet communism.

In 2006, WMG was the first major media company to create a business model around user-generated content and, more recently, has been pushing for ways to monetise the popularity of P2P networks on college campuses.

In late 2006 in an interview with Reuters, Bronfman caused a stir by admitting that his children have copyright infringing music. He claims to have delivered punishment for this but wants it to remain within the realm of the family.

Lately, Bronfman may have revised his judgement. During the GSMA Mobile Asia Congress, he told the audience that mobile operators should not make the same mistakes that the music industry has:

In 2010 Bronfman changed his philosophy on the music industry's online business models, stating that he does not support free advertising supported models. He said that WMG will focus on promoting services that require payment, that will appeal to the population that already pays for downloads in stores such as iTunes.

References

Further reading
 McQueen, Rod. The Icarus Factor: The Rise and Fall of Edgar Bronfman Jr., 2004.
 Faith, Nicholas. The Bronfmans: The Rise and Fall of the House of Seagram, 2006.

External links
 Edgar Bronfman Jr.'s biography at WMG Corporate Site
 Official page for Bronfman's book about Judaism in America
 Speaking at Stanford
 "Edgar Bronfman Jr." at hollywood.com
 Milner, Brian. "The Unmaking of a Dynasty", Cigar Aficionado
 "Edgar Bronfman, Edgar Bronfman: Overrated father, misunderstood son", Slate, 26 April 1998, by David Plotz
 Edgar Bronfman Jr. biography at Directors of Endeavor

 The Bronfman family at The Canadian Encyclopedia

1955 births
Living people
American billionaires
American people of Jewish descent
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
American mass media owners
American music industry executives
Edgar Bronfman Jr.
Collegiate School (New York) alumni
Businesspeople from New York City
Seagram
American businesspeople convicted of crimes
American chairpersons of corporations
Lehman family
Carl M. Loeb family
NBCUniversal people
Universal Music Group

Edgar Bronfman Jr.


Birkir Kristinsson (født 15. august 1964 i Vestmannaeyjar, Island) er en islandsk tidligere fodboldspiller (målmand).

Kristinsson spillede en stor del af sin karriere i hjemlandet, hvor han blandt andet repræsenterede ÍA, Fram Reykjavík og ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar. Han havde også ophold i Norge, Sverige, Østrig og England.

Kristinsson spillede, over en periode på 16 år, hele 74 kampe for Islands landshold. Han debuterede for holdet 27. april 1988 i et opgør mod Holland.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Island
Fodboldspillere fra Íþróttabandalag Vestmannaeyja
Fodboldspillere fra ÍA
Fodboldspillere fra Knattspyrnufélagið Fram
Fodboldspillere fra SK Brann
Fodboldspillere fra IFK Norrköping
Fodboldspillere fra Birmingham City F.C.
Fodboldspillere fra Bolton Wanderers F.C.
Fodboldspillere fra Stoke City F.C.
Personer fra Vestmannaeyjar

Birkir Kristinsson


Da Vinci ist eine portugiesische Popgruppe, die seit 1982 besteht. Um die Sängerin lei Or (eigentl.: Manuela Alves) und den Musiker und Komponisten Pedro Luís Neves gesellten sich im Lauf der Jahre weitere Musiker hinzu.

Als Gewinner des Festival da Canção 1989 durften sie Portugal beim Concours Eurovision de la Chanson 1989 in Lausanne vertreten. Mit dem Popsong Conquistador wurden sie auf Platz 16 gewählt.

Diskografie (Alben)
 Caminhando (1983)
 A Jóia no Lótus (1988)
 Conquistador (1989)
 Dança dos Planetas (1990)
 Conquistador – Dança dos Planetas  (1990)
 Entre o Inferno e o Paraíso (1993)
 Oiçam (1995)
 Momentos de Paixão (1999)

Weblinks
Website

Einzelnachweise

Portugiesische Band
Popband
Teilnehmer am Festival da Canção
Interpret eines portugiesischen Beitrags beim Eurovision Song Contest

Da Vinci (Band)


Sevin Okyay (d. 1942, İstanbul) Türk yazar, çevirmen, radyo programcısı.

Arnavutköy Amerikan Kız Koleji'ni bitirdi. 1964 yılından beri çeviri, 1975'ten beri gazetecilik, 1984 yılından beri de sinema eleştirmenliği yapıyor. İlk film eleştirisi, 1984 İstanbul Film Festivali'nde Fellini'nin  Ve Gemi Gidiyor başlıklı filmi hakkındaydı. O yazıyı da işten atılma tehdidiyle, Enis Batur'un zorlamasıyla yazdı.

Türkiye'nin ilk kadın sinema eleştirmeni olan Okyay, "Bilge Olgaç Başarı Ödülü" aldığı Uçan Süpürge Uluslararası Kadın Filmleri Festivali tarafından 1984 yılından beri sinema üzerine yazan, bu alanda pek çok kadın yazara da öncülük eden içten kalemiyle sinema yazarlığına yeni bir soluk getiren Sevin Okyay olarak nitelendirildi.

Politika muhabiri olarak başladığı gazeteciliği köşe yazarı olarak sürdüren Okyay, sinema, edebiyat, caz ve spor dallarındaki geniş eleştirmenlik yelpazesiyle de ilgi çekti. Okyay ayrıca gündelik hayat kültürü üzerine denemeler de yazmaktadır. Pek çok gazete ve dergide yazan Okyay halen Milliyet Sanat ve Peyniraltı Edebiyatı dergilerinde yazmaktadır.

Okyay ayrıca uzun bir süre TRT'de "Ve Sinema" adlı televizyon programını hazırladı ve sundu. Önce Açık Radyo'da, sonra da NTV Radyo'da "caz" ve "polisiye edebiyat" üzerine radyo programları hazırladı ve sundu. Ayrıca Reha Erdem'in Kaç Para Kaç başlıklı filminde misafir oyuncu olarak rol aldı. Tiyatroyla da ilgilenen Okyay, İstanbul Şehir Tiyatroları'nda Mehmet Atak'ın tasarlayıp yönettiği Hamlet 2001 adlı oyununun dramaturgluğunu ve çevirmenliğini, Pınar Selek için sahnelenen Masal Pınarı / Devlet İnsanı Sadece Canını Alarak Öldürmez adlı oyunun dramaturgluğunu yaptı. Bernarda Alba'nın Evi, Üç Kişilik Gezegen, Eski Günler ve Kenan Işık için Othello - Arabın İntikamı oyunlarını çevirdi, Seeking For Helen, Benim Cyreno'larım başlıklı iki tiyatro oyunu yazdı ve Nuri Pakdil'in Korku adlı oyununun İngilizce liriklerini yazdı.

Okyay, Harry Potter kitaplarının çoğunu Türkçeye çevirdi. Dizinin tercümesine ikinci kitap Sırlar Odası'yla başlayan Sevin Okyay, üçüncü kitaptan yedinci kitaba kadar diğer kitapların da çevirmenliğini oğlu Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte üstlendi.

Sevin Okyay'a çeviri dünyasına katkılarından dolayı Çeviri Derneği'nin 2014 Onur Ödülü verildi.

Halen, Sezen Aksu'nun isteği üzerine, İş Bankası Yayınları'ndan çıkacak olan Sezen Aksu portresi kitabını hazırlıyor.

Kitapları
 Çiçek Dürbünü
 Gol Atan Kaleye
 İlk Romanım
 120 Filmde Seyrialem
 Ara Sıra ve Daima (2018)

Çevirileri
 Alexander Tekniği / Andrew Stanway
 Arzunun Botaniği / Michael Pollan
 Gorbaçov'un Rusyası (Cem Akaş'la birlikte)
 Hayali Yerler Sözlügü / Alberto Manguel, Gianni Guadalupi (Kutluhan Kutlu'yla birlikte)
 Hayvan Çiftliği / George Orwell
 İlk Dünya Hikâyeleri / Ted Hughes
 İngiliz Gülleri / Madonna
 İstanbul'da Bir İsveç Sarayı / Sture Theolin
 49. Paralelin Ötesinde: Kanadalı Yazarlardan Öyküler / Karen Mulhallen
 Kuzey Işıkları / Philip Pullman
 Keskin Bıçak / Philip Pullman
 Labirent: Üç Sır. İki Kadın. Bir Kase. / Kate Mosse
 Marazi Bir Kemik Merakı / Ellis Peters
 Midilli Tutkunu Prenses: Prenses Ellie İmdada Yetişiyor / Diana Kimpton
 Midilli Tutkunu Prenses: Prenses Ellie İçin Bulmaca / Diana Kimpton
 Midilli Tutkunu Prenses: Prenses Ellie'nin Yildızışığı Macerası / Diana Kimpton
 Peri Tozu ve Yumurta Macerası / Gail Carson Levine
 Sevgili Salak Günlük / Jim Benton
 Sevgili Salak Günlük 2 Pantolonum Büyülendi! Jim Benton'ın Uskumru Ortaokulundan Hikâyeleri / Jim Benton
 Sevgili Salak Günlük 3 Kurbağa mıyım, Prenses mi? / Jamie Kelly
 Su Üstüne Yazı Yazmak / Muhyiddin Şekur (Senai Demirci'yle birlikte)
 Tek Meyve Portakal Değildir / Jeanette Winterson
 Türkiye Tatları / Edouard Roditi
 Yükseltin Tavan Kirişini, Ustalar ve Seymour: Bir Giriş / Jerome David Salinger
 Kedinizle Tanışın / Desmond Morris (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte), Nisan 2014, Yapı Kredi Yayınları

Harry Potter serisi
 Harry Potter ve Sırlar Odası
 Harry Potter ve Azkaban Tutsağı (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)
 Harry Potter ve Ateş Kadehi (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)
 Harry Potter ve Zümrüdüanka Yoldaşlığı (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)
 Harry Potter ve Melez Prens (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)
 Harry Potter ve Ölüm Yadigarları (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)
 Fantastik Canavarlar Nelerdir, Nerelerde Bulunurlar? (Gül Sarıoğlu ile birlikte)
 Ozan Beedle'ın Hikâyeleri (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)
 Harry Potter ve Lanetli Çocuk (Kutlukhan Kutlu ile birlikte)

Dış bağlantılar
 Beyazperde ' de Sevin Okyay
 Radikal Gazetesi yazıları
 gazetem.net yazıları
 ntvspor.net yazıları

1942 doğumlular
Türk çevirmenler
20. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
21. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
Türk sinema eleştirmenleri
İstanbul Şehir Tiyatroları sanatçıları
Türk radyocular
Yaşayan insanlar
20. yüzyıl Türk gazetecileri
21. yüzyıl Türk gazetecileri
20. yüzyıl Türk kadın yazarları
İngilizceden Türkçeye çeviri yapanlar
İstanbul doğumlu çevirmenler

Sevin Okyay


Leo Takae (født 27. juni 1998) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Gamba Osaka.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Leo Takae


The Opera Company of Boston was an American opera company located in Boston, Massachusetts, that was active from the late 1950s through the 1980s. The company was founded by American conductor Sarah Caldwell in 1958 under the name Boston Opera Group.

At one time, the touring arm of the company was called Opera New England. Caldwell served as both director and conductor for most of the company's productions throughout its more than three decade-long history. Under her leadership, the company presented a repertoire of more than 75 operas that came from a wide array of musical periods and styles, including many works previously unheard in the United States, and a significant number of contemporary operas.

This focus on distinctive repertoire, along with Caldwell's innovative stage direction, garnered the group wide acclaim and earned it a place among the leading opera companies in the U.S. In 1990, after 32 seasons, the company was forced to close due to financial difficulties.

History

Origins
In 1958, Sarah Caldwell and Linda Cabot Black, among others, started the Opera Company of Boston with just $5,000, beginning with a production of Jacques Offenbach's Voyage to the Moon that was presented on Boston Common with a cast that included Adelaide Bishop as Queen Popotte. Hailed by The Boston Globe as a masterful production, the company was invited to present the work on the lawn of the White House in a performance attended by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. On the heels of this success, Caldwell decided to stage a production of Puccini's La bohème.

1958–1979
At this point the opera company did not have a home theatre. The fifty-year-old Boston Opera House had been in disuse for a long time and was torn down just months before Caldwell founded her company. Caldwell eventually settled on renting the Donnelly Theater for the company's performance of La Boheme, and that theatre became the company's performance venue until it was torn down ten years later in 1968.

After 1968 the company spent the next 7 years looking for a stable performing venue and lived a nomadic existence, performing at various venues including the Shubert Theatre, MIT's Kresge Auditorium, the Cyclorama, and the Tufts University Field House. Finally in 1975 the company settled on renting the Orpheum Theatre where it held performances for the next five years.

1980–1990
Although the Orpheum Theater was adequate for the company's needs, Caldwell dreamed of having her own facility. In 1978 the company bought the B. F. Keith Memorial Theater, a former movie palace, on Washington Street in downtown Boston. The theater was acquired with the help of opera patron Susan Timken, the heiress to a prominent New England company fortune. At the time of its purchase, the theatre was run-down but had a lot of potential, being able to seat 2,500 people and possessing both good acoustics and opulent architecture. However, the stage was only 35 feet deep, and therefore somewhat limiting. Further, a complete renovation of the theatre was impossible, as the company was not able to afford the expense of all the necessary repairs. In spite of these problems, Caldwell pressed ahead and the company moved into their new home in 1980, rechristening the theatre the Boston Opera House. Eventually the cost of upkeep on the building proved to be too much as more and more things began to break down. The company could not afford to maintain the building and sold it after the 1989/1990 season to a Texas developer. Although the company still technically existed for another year, they never produced another opera after this point.

Legacy

Likewise, a number of notable people have worked on the staff of the company or have served in some other artistic capacity. Ralph Lyford served as the company's associate conductor for a number of years and Kent Nagano began his conducting career with the company. Laszlo J. Bonis served as its president (1967–1986), and Dar Williams worked as a stage manager for the company. Also many important designers worked with the company, including Rudolf Heinrich, Ming Cho Lee, Herbert Senn, Helen Pond, Gilbert Vaughn Hemsley, Jr., and David Sharir. Ballet dancer Pat Colgate performed with the company on a number of occasions. Associate Director, Esquire Jauchem went on to found The Boston Repertory Theatre (with Sarah Caldwell's assistance) produce, direct and design opera, theater and television.

During its 32-year history, the Opera Company of Boston gained international acclaim for its innovative programming. Under the leadership of Caldwell, the company staged the American premieres of such operas as Arnold Schoenberg's Moses und Aron, Sergei Prokofiev's War and Peace, Hector Berlioz' Les Troyens and Benvenuto Cellini, Luigi Nono's Intolleranza 1960, Alban Berg's Lulu, Roger Sessions' Montezuma, and Peter Maxwell Davies's Taverner to name just a few.

See also
 Boston Lyric Opera
 Boston Opera House (1980)
 Guerilla Opera
 Opera Boston
 Odyssey Opera

References

External links
 Eichler, Jeremy, "Boston overdue for a proper opera house", The Boston Globe, 20 September 2014. Retrieved 21 September 2014

Musical groups established in 1958
Musical groups disestablished in 1990
History of Boston
Opera companies in Boston
1958 establishments in Massachusetts
1990 disestablishments in Massachusetts

Opera Company of Boston


Daishi Kato (født 26. juli 1983) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Shonan Bellmare og Kyoto Sanga FC.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Daishi Kato


Pokretno kulturno dobro, kulturno dobro, pokretne stvari koje su od umjetničkoga, povijesnoga, paleontološkoga, arheološkoga, antropološkog i znanstvenog značenja.
Pokretno kulturno dobro može biti:
- zbirka predmeta u muzejima, galerijama, knjižnicama i drugim ustanovama, kao i u drugim pravnim osobama te državnim i upravnim tijelima uključujući i kod fizičkih osoba,
- crkveni inventar i predmeti,
- arhivska građa, zapisi, dokumenti, pisma i rukopisi,
- filmovi,
- arheološki nalazi,
- antologijska djela likovnih i primijenjenih umjetnosti i dizajna,
- etnografski predmeti,
- stare i rijetke knjige, novac, vrijednosni papiri, poštanske marke i druge tiskovine,
- dokumentacija o kulturnim dobrima,
- kazališni rekviziti, skice, kostimi i sl.,
- uporabni predmeti (namještaj, odjeća, oružje i sl.), prometna i prijevozna sredstva i uređaji, predmeti koji su značajna svjedočanstva razvitka znanosti i tehnologije.
Pokretno kulturno dobro podliježe sustavu zaštite, očuvanja, čuvanja, održavanja, sprovođenja zaštite, i za nj je nadležno određeno tijelo. U Hrvatskoj je to Konzervatorski odjel Ministarstva kulture, na čijem se području kulturno dobro nalazi, a za područje Grada Zagreba Gradski zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture i prirode u Zagrebu.

Izvori

Pokretna kulturna baština


Pseudomonas fluorescens ist ein gramnegatives, oxidasepositives, stäbchenförmiges Bakterium der Gattung Pseudomonas mit polständigem Geißelbüschel. P. fluorescens sondert, wie auch andere Pseudomonaden, Siderophore namens Pyoverdine (= bakterielles Fluorescein) ab, die unter UV-Licht fluoreszieren. Das Bakterium ist aerob und kommt im Boden, im Wasser und auf Pflanzen vor. P. fluorescens gehört zu den selten isolierten, humanmedizinisch bedeutsamen Pseudomonasarten.
Größere Bedeutung als in der Medizin hat P. fluorescens jedoch in der Bodenbiologie und beim Verderb von Nahrungsmitteln.

Bodenbiologie
Manche Stämme von P. fluorescens sind wichtige Bodenorganismen, da sie in der Lage sind, eine Reihe von pflanzenpathogenen Keimen zu unterdrücken. Auf diese Weise können natürliche suppressive Böden entstehen. Dieser Effekt ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass diese Stämme von P. fluorescens als Sekundärmetaboliten Antibiotika produzieren, sodass es durch die Besiedelung der Wurzeln durch solche Stämme zu einer induzierten systemischen Resistenz der Pflanze kommt bzw. sodass solche Stämme oft sehr spezifische Antagonisten bestimmter Pathogene sind.

Antibiotika
Das Genom des Stammes Pf-5 wurde vollständig sequenziert. Dabei wurden 4 bereits bekannte Genkomplexe gefunden, die für Pilze oder Eipilze giftige Sekundärmetaboliten kodieren. Hierbei handelte es sich um Pyoluteorin, 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, Pyrrolnitrin und Cyanwasserstoff. Außerdem wurden drei bislang unbekannte Genkomplexe entdeckt, die möglicherweise ebenfalls Sekundärmetaboliten kodieren. Es wurden auch Genkomplexe zur nicht-ribosomalen Erstellung und zur Aufnahme der Pyoverdin-Siderophore gefunden (Position und Orientierung weichen allerdings von denen bereits bekannter Genkomplexe in anderen Mikroorganismen ab). Da Pyoverdine sehr stark wirksame Siderophore sind, kann es in pH-neutralen bis basischen Böden (Fe3+-Ionen sind schlecht löslich) zu einer Hemmung von phytopathogenen Bakterien kommen, weil diese zu wenig Fe3+-Ionen aufnehmen können. Hier verschwimmen allerdings die Grenzen, denn die Antibiotika sind Sekundärmetaboliten, während das Eisen im primären Stoffwechsel benötigt wird. Dennoch wirkt hier der Primärstoffwechsel hemmend auf das Wachstum phytopathogener Keime ein. Ähnlich dürfte es sich mit Pyochelin verhalten. Die Genkomplexe zu seiner Erzeugung wurden ebenfalls im Stamm Pf-5 nachgewiesen. Pyochelin ist ein starker Cu2+- und Zn2+-Chelator und könnte so durch Entzug dieser Ionen hemmend auf das Pilzwachstum einwirken.

Induzierte systemische Resistenz
Es ist nicht genau bekannt, wie Bakterien an den Wurzeln mit einer Pflanze interagieren, sodass es zu einer induzierten systemischen Resistenz kommt. Die Produktion des Sekundärmetaboliten 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol scheint dabei jedoch eine wichtige Rolle zu spielen. Zudem kann P. fluorescens die pflanzliche Resistenz durch die Produktion des Pflanzenhormons Cytokinin steigern.

Verderb von Nahrungsmitteln
P. fluorescens kann proteolytische und lipolytische Enzyme ausscheiden und lebt aerob und psychrotroph. Deshalb ist P. fluorescens zusammen mit Pseudomonas fragi und Pseudomonas putida einer der häufigsten gramnegativen, psychrotoleranten Keime, die am Verderb von Milch beteiligt sind. Die abgesonderten Enzyme sind hitzestabil und bleiben auch nach dem Pasteurisieren und Ultrahocherhitzen noch aktiv.
Ein anderes Problem bei der Verarbeitung von Milch ist die Besiedelung durch P. fluorescens nach der Pasteurisierung. Als Quelle solcher Besiedelungen kommt die Verarbeitungsumgebung in Frage.

Medizinische Bedeutung
P. fluorescens wird häufig in Blutprodukten gefunden. Das hängt mit der Fähigkeit des Bakteriums zusammen, auch bei 4 °C weiter zu wachsen (Psychrophilie). Somit ist dieser Keim einer der zwei häufigsten Verursacher einer Sepsis nach einer Transfusion mit keimverseuchtem Blut.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Bacterial Nomenclature Up-to-date (Bakteriendatenbank)

Pseudomonadaceae
Pseudomonadaceae (Familie)

Pseudomonas fluorescens


Glómssveppir er ein af viðurkenndum fylkingum í svepparíkinu, með um 230 lýstum tegundum. Nýlegar erfðarannsóknir virðast þó benda til að þeir teljist fremur til fylkingarinnar Mucoromycota.

Meirihluti tegundanna er háður samlífi við plöntur og mynda innræna svepprót hjá þeim. Ein tegund myndar þó samlífi með blábakteríum af ættkvíslinni Nostoc.

Sveppirnir fjölga sér að mestu kynlaust með svonefndum brotagróum.

Tilvísanir

Glómsfylking


Mary Elle Fanning (Conyers, 9. travnja 1998.) američka je glumica i mlađa sestra glumice Dakota Fanning. Elle je glumila princezu Auroru (Trnoružicu) u filmu Maleficent, filmu iz 2014. godine koji je režirao Robert Stromberg.

Životopis
Elle je kći Joy Fanning, koja je bila profesionalni tenisač, i Stevea Fanninga, koji je igrao bejzbol u maloj ligi za St. Louis Cardinals, a sada radi kao prodavač u elektronskoj tvrtki u Los Angeles. Njegov djed po majci bio je igrač nogometnog Rick Arrington i njezina teta Jill Arrington je izvjestitelj za ESPN. Otac mlade glumice želio je da se zove Elle, ali majka je željela da ona bude Mary, pa otuda i ime Mary Elle Fanning, ali je poznatija kao Elle.

Elle je mlađa sestra također glumice Dakota Fanning. Elle je njemačkog i irskog podrijetla, a ona i njena obitelj su baptisti. Ona i njezina obitelj članovi su Južne baptističke konvencije. U vezi s vezom sa slavnom sestrom, prokomentirala je: "Mi smo normalne sestre. Idemo u školu i zabavljamo se zajedno ".

Karijera
Karijeru započeo je glumeći u seriji Snimljeno u dobi od tri godine, glumeći "Allie Keys", a bio je lik Dakota Fanning u filmu Zaljubljena lekcija, opet kao lik Dakota Fanning "Lucy", s dvije godine.

Godine 2003., u dobi od četiri godine, Elle je od sestre dobila prvu neovisnu ulogu u komediji A Creche do Papai, igrajući zajedno s Eddiejem Murphyjem. Elle je postala jedno od najpopularnijih imena holivudskih strip filmova. Njezin talent nadahnut je kritikom, a na pitanje o svom prvom stvarnom glumničkom iskustvu, samo je odgovorila: " Volim glumu i volim raditi s Eddiejem Murphyjem ."

Ubrzo nakon što je snimila Daddy's Day Care, Elle je dobila ulogu "Ruth" u dramatičnoj Provokaciji, u kojoj glume zvijezde poput Jeff Bridges, Kim Basinger i Jon Foster. Glumačka poteškoća u ovom filmu bila je velika, a Elle je  imala sjajnu izvedbu u nekim vrlo intenzivnim i teškim scenama. Uloga je prvotno bila dizajnirana za jednojajčane blizance, ali Elle je impresionirala producente svojom izvedbom i sama dobila ulogu. Kasnije te godine, Elle je snimila film Moj najbolji prijatelj, zasnovan na popularnoj istoimenoj knjizi, igrajući "Slatka pita Toma", a također je sudjelovala u TV serijama, poputCSI: Miami i ocjenjivanje Amy.

Godine 2004., Elle je, među ostalim, radila neke manekenke za Bitty Baby, Luans Children's Haljine i Vogue Bambini. Snimila je i epizodu CSI: NY te se malo pojavila u neovisnom filmu Želim da netko jede sir. Elle je također snimila mali dio u također neovisnom PNOK-u, ali prije toga provela je tri mjeseca u Melbourneu u Australiji s Dakotom, snimajući film A Menina eo Porquinho .

Dakota glumi "Paprat", dok Elle u budućnosti čini izgled svoje unuke. Međutim, scene su na kraju izrezane. Sredinom 2005. godine, Elle igrao "Debbie", kći Brad Pitt i Cate Blanchett u Oscar- pobjedničkom filmu Babel. Tijekom 2006. godine Elle je snimila The Nines i Déjà Vu te seriju Izgubljena soba. Elle je uslijedila s pozivom za sudjelovanje u popularnoj seriji House i mnogim drugim projektima za istu godinu, uključujući Zakon i red: Posebna jedinica za žrtve. U siječnju 2007. Elle je sudjelovala na Sundance Film Festivalu, promovirajući filmThe Nines, u kojima je naučio znakovni jezik. Izdani sudbinom i Gideonov dar snimljeni su iste godine, u kojoj je Elle i dalje počela pucati u uragan Mary .

Krajem 2006. godine Elle je igrala nekoliko uloga. Prva u izdanju Sudbine, glumi "Emmu Learner", kćer "Ethana Learnera" (Joaquin Phoenix) i "Grace Learner" (Jennifer Connelly). Film se bavi posljedicama tragične prometne nesreće u kojoj je ubijen "Emmin brat". 2008. igrao je malu ulogu u znatiželjnom slučaju Benjamina Buttona, kao "Daisy" (Cate Blanchett), u dobi od sedam godina. Sredinom 2007. godine Elle je snimila  Djevojku u zemlji čudesa, glumeći glavnu ulogu, "Phoebe Lichten".

Film je fantastična priča o djevojci koja se mora ili ne mora pridržavati pravila, a glumi i Felicity Huffman. Od srpnja do listopada 2007. Elle je snimala Nutcracker: The Untold Story, glumeći "Mary". Film se odvija u Beču 1920. godine i govori o djevojčici čiji joj kum na Badnjak daje posebnu lutku. Elle je ovaj film snimala u Budimpešti u Mađarskoj. U ožujku 2008. godine smatralo se da su Elle i njezina sestra Dakota glumile u filmu Čuvarica moje sestre, što se nije dogodilo kad je Dakota znala da će morati brijati kosu. Zatim su ih odmah zamijenili Abigail Breslin i Sofia Vassilieva.

Raznolikost časopis izvijestio je u travnju 2009. godine da je Elle  mlada zvijezda u novom filmu Oscar- pobjednički scenarij Sofia Coppola. Novi film zove se Somewhere. Centralna radnja vrti se oko glumca lošeg momka koji je prisiljen preispitati svoj život kad njegova kći, Ellina uloga, neočekivano stigne.

Godine 2012., objavljen je igrani film Ginger & Rosa, gdje je Elle glumila zajedno s Alice Englert. Film je režirala engleska redateljica Sally Potter.

Godine 2013., počela je snimati procese za film Maleficent zajedno s Angelinom Jolie. Fanning je glumila zajedno s Angelinom Jolie u filmu Walt Disney iz 2014. godine, Zlurada, redatelja Roberta Stromberga. Jolie je glumila Maleficenta, dok je Fanning glumila princezu Auroru, Trnoružicu. Iste godine pojavila se u neovisnoj znanstvenoj fantastici Young Ones i glumila u biografskom Low Down, o životu jazz pijanista Joea Albanyja, u kojem igra ulogu Albanyjeve kćeri Amy-Jo, čija je perspektiva priče ispričana .

2015. Fanning je glumio u filmu Trumbo Jaya Roacha kao kćer Daltona Trumba Nikolu (Bryan Cranston) i glumio u 3 generacije (prije poznate kao About Ray), zajedno s Naomi Watts i Susan Sarandon, glumeći ulogu mladi transseksualac.

2016. godine pojavila se kao Jesse u psihološkom trileru Neonski demon, redatelja Nicolasa Windinga Refna. Film je svjetsku premijeru imao na Filmski festival u Cannesu u svibnja 2016. Objavljen je 24. lipnja 2016. i loše je prošao na kino blagajnama. Iste godine pojavila se u Mike Millsu iz 20. stoljeća, nasuprot Greti Gerwig i Annette Bening. Film je imao svjetsku premijeru na New York Film Festivalu 8. listopada 2016., a ograničeno izdanje započeo je 28. prosinca 2016. Tada je glumila u drami Bena Afflecka iz razdoblja zabrane Live by Night koja objavljen je 25. prosinca 2016.

2017. Fanning se pojavio u dugometražnom igranom filmu Shawna Christensena, The Vanishing of Sidney Hall, koji je debitirao 25. siječnja na Sundance Film Festivalu. Iste godine Fanning se pojavio i u britansko-američkoj znanstveno-fantastičnoj seriji Johna Camerona Mitchella "Kako razgovarati s djevojkama na zabavama" (temeljenoj na kratkoj priči Neila Gaimana) u filmu "Beguiled" Sofije Coppola u irsko-američkom romanu. film Mary Shelley u režiji Haifaa al-Mansour i video isječak za singl "Dobro jutro", Grouplove.

Godine 2019. počeo je promovirati dva nova filma "Teen Spirit" Maxa Minghelle i "Kišni dan u New Yorku" Woodyja Allena. Iste je godine izabrana za člana žirija na Filmski festival u Cannesu.

2020. godine, nakon 19 godina, sa svojim sestrom dijeli veliko platno, po prvi puta glumeći dva različita lika u The Nightingale. Temeljen na istoimenom bestseleru Kristin Hannah, priča o dvije mlade francuske sestre koje tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata pokušavaju preživjeti nacističku okupaciju i sakriti židovsku djecu.

Filmografija

Film

Filmski festival u CannesuTelevizija

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Elle Fanning u internetskoj bazi filmova IMDb-u
 Elle Fanning na Instagram

Američki filmski glumci
Američki televizijski glumci

Elle Fanning


Jah Shaka ( – 12 April 2023), also known as the Zulu Warrior, was a Jamaican reggae/dub sound system operator who operated a South East London-based, roots reggae Jamaican sound system since the early 1970s. His name is an amalgamation of the Rastafarian term for God and that of the Zulu king Shaka Zulu.

Career
Jah Shaka was born in Clarendon Parish, Jamaica, an area which has produced numerous roots reggae stars, amongst them Toots Hibbert, Everton Blender, Barrington Levy and Freddie McGregor.

Jah Shaka started out on the Freddie Cloudburst Sound System as an operator, before setting up his own sound system. By the late 1970s Shaka's system had rapidly gained a large and loyal following due to the combination of spiritual content, high energy rhythms, massive sonority and his dynamic personal style. That following notably included many of the pioneers of post-punk such as Public Image Ltd and The Slits.
In 1980 Shaka played himself in the film Babylon (directed by Franco Rosso, although he directed the scene he appeared in), operating his Sound System in a soundclash at the climax of the story.

Shaka stayed true to his spiritual and distinct musical style during the 1980s when many other Sound Systems had started to follow the Jamaican trend towards playing less orthodox styles tending towards slack dancehall music. In 1989, Shaka visited Jamaica and worked with many musicians there, including King Tubby.

On 23 September 2000, he suffered numerous injuries during a house fire. In 2002, Jah Shaka appeared before a large crowd in New York City's Central Park. Live footage of Shaka is featured in the documentary All Tomorrow's Parties based on the musical festival, which was released in 2009. The Jah Shaka Sound System continues to appear regularly in London, with occasional tours of the United States, Europe and Japan.

Label
On his own record label Shaka released music from Jamaican artists such as Max Romeo, Johnny Clarke, Bim Sherman and Prince Alla as well as UK groups such as Aswad and Dread & Fred. He released a number of dub albums, often under the Commandments of Dub banner.

Artists featured on more recent releases include both established singers like Tony Tuff, and new emerging artists like Rockaway and Principle - who have sung over riddims produced by his son Malachi, known as Young Warrior.

Style and influence
Shaka's uncompromising "Warrior Style" has inspired a host of new UK reggae artists and Sound Systems such as Eastern Sher, The Disciples, Iration Steppas, Jah Warrior, Channel One Sound System, Conscious Sounds,
Aba Shanti-I and Zion Train. Non-reggae artists such as Basement Jaxx have cited Jah Shaka as being their best night out ever.

Jah Shaka events are renowned for attracting a wide audience from all backgrounds, races and ages. His dances attract numbers previously thought unthinkable for this genre of music. Shaka believes it to be a testament to the quality of the message that he expounds in his choice of music and his Rastafarian beliefs. His followers are known to be vocally ardent, and have developed dance steps that resemble African war dances.

Jah Shaka's music has had a profound influence on genres in the UK like Junglist, a ghetto style born out of the UK soundsystem culture. Jah Shaka's son Young Warrior has now started his own sound system, to great acclaim. Drum and bass is also deeply influenced by Jah Shaka's sound system frequencies, and a number of the DJ's who feature in that genre, such as Congo Natty frequently name check Shaka's sound. Don Letts has also frequently referenced the influence of Jah Shaka on John Lydon and on the punk scene as a whole.

Non-musical work
Shaka also established the Jah Shaka Foundation to carry out assistance with projects in Ghana, where the foundation has bought  of land in Agri, 30 miles outside of Accra. It has also managed to distribute medical supplies, wheelchairs, library books, carpentry tools, drawing materials and records to clinics, schools and radio stations in the Accra area establishing important links with the local communities. Shaka himself was actually a youth worker years ago, and has regularly been quoted encouraging youths to study geography and history so they know "what's happened, where it's happening and who's doing it".

Death
Shaka died on 12 April 2023, at the age of 75.

References

External links

Official website
Jah Shaka interview  by Ray Hurford for Boomshakalacka zine, 1990.
Jah Shaka interview
Jah Shaka interview by Ray Hurford and Colin Moore
In depth interviews about Jah Shaka's influence on punk rock, drum and bass, junglist and Britain's sound system culture
Jah Shaka interview by Pier Tosi
The Jah Shaka Dub Commandments - Illustrated Discography
PunkCast#171 Live video of Jah Shaka performing in NYC's Central Park on 23 June 2002. (RealPlayer)
Jah Shaka to play at BASS 2010 - Jah Shaka playing this June as part of Bass Festival

1940s births
Year of birth uncertain
2023 deaths
Dub musicians
British reggae musicians
Sound systems
People from Clarendon Parish, Jamaica

Jah Shaka


عبد الله بن أبي بكر الصديق، صحابي، وابن أبي بكر، وأخو عائشة بنت أبي بكر، وأسماء بنت أبي بكر، وأمه قتيلة بنت عبد العزى، وتزوَّج عبد الله بن أبي بكر عاتكة بنت زيد بن عَمْرو أخت سعيد بن زيد، وكان إسلامه قديمًا.

سيرته
هو عبدُ اللهَ بن أبي بكر ابن أبي قُحافة، وأمه قتيلة بنت عبد العزى، وإخوته هم: عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر، ومحمد بن أبي بكر، وأخواته هن: عائشة بنت أبي بكر، وأسماء بنت أبي بكر، وأم كلثوم بنت أبي بكر.

تزوَّج عبد الله بن أبي بكر عاتكة بنت زيد بن عَمْرو أخت سعيد بن زيد، وكان بها مُعجبًا فشغلته عن أموره، فقال له أبوه: طلِّقها فطلَّقها، ثم ندم فقال:

فرقَّ له أبو بكر، فأمره بمراجعتها فراجعها ومات وهي عنده، ولها مرثية.

وكان إسلامه قديمًا، وبحسب بعض مصادر أهل السنة والجماعة أنه كان يأْتي النبيَّ  وأَباه أَبا بكر بالطعام وبأَخبار قريش، إِذ هما في الغار، كل ليلة، فمكثا في الغار ثلاث ليال، وقيل غير ذلك، وكان عبد اللّه يبيت عندهما وهو شاب، فيخرج من عندهما السَّحر، فيصبح مع قريش فلا يسمع أَمرًا يُكَادَان به إِلا وعاه حتى يأْتيهما بخبر ذلك إِذا اختلط الظلام، وأخبره عبد الله بن أُرَيقط الدئلي ــ الذي كان دليلَ النبي  ــ بعد أن وصل النبيُّ  إلى المدينة بوصول أبيه إلى المدينة، فخرج عبد الله بعيال أبي بكر، وصحبتهم طلحة بن عبيد الله حتى قدموا المدينة.

قالَ ابن إسحاق في «المغازي»: عن عائشة، قالت: كفن رسولُ الله  في بردى حبرة حتى مَسَّا جلده ثم نزعهما، فأمسكهما عبد الله ليكفّن فيهما، ثم قال: وما كنت لأمسك شيئًا منع الله رسولَه منه فتصدق بهما.

رَوَى الحَاكِمُ أن أبا بكر قال لعائشة: ، فاسترجعت؛ فقالت:، ثم قدم وَفْدُ ثقيف فسألهم أبو بكر:  فقال سعيد بن عبيد: ، فقال: ، ومات بعد رسول الله  بأربعين ليلة.

وكان أصابه حجر في حصار الطّائف فمات شهيدًا منه، وكفن رسولُ الله  في بردى حبرة حتى مَسَّا جلده ثم نزعهما، فابتاع عبد الله بن أبي بكر الحلة التي أَرادوا أَن يُدْفَنَ فيها رسول الله  بسبعة دنانير، فلم يكفن فيها رسول الله ، ليكفن فيها، فلما حضرته الوفاة قال: لا تكفنوني فيها، فلو كان فيها خير لكُفِّن فيها رسول الله ، أو قال: وما كنت لأمسك شيئًا منع الله رسولَه منه فتصدق بهما، ودفن بعد الظهر، وصلى عليه أَبوه، ونزل حفرته عمر، وطلحة، وعبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر. وقال عبد الله لزوجته عاتكة عند موته:، فأجابته إلى ذلك، فلما انقضت عِدَّتُها خطبها عمر فعاتبها عليّ على ذلك.

وقيل: رمي عبد الله بسهم في حصار الطائف، فجرح، ثم اندمل ثم انتقض، فمات في خلافة أبيه في شوال سنة 11 هـ.

مراجع

شهداء غزوة الطائف
صحابة
عائلة أبي بكر الصديق
مواليد 610
مواليد عقد 10 ق هـ
وفيات 11 هـ
وفيات 632
وفيات 633

عبد الله بن أبي بكر


An Eriocaulon mannii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Nicholas Edward Brown. An Eriocaulon mannii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eriocaulon, ngan familia nga Eriocaulaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eriocaulon

Eriocaulon mannii


(« titan sibérien ») est un genre éteint de dinosaures Sauropoda Somphospondyli de la  en Russie. Le type et la seule espèce est .

Découverte et dénomination

Le matériel attribué à Sibirotitan a été trouvé dans la localité de Shestakovo 1 de la formation d'Ilek, déposé dans une falaise sur la rive droite de la rivière Kiia, près du village de Shestakovo dans la province de Kemerovo, Sibérie occidentale, Russie. Des restes de vertébrés ont été exhumés pour la première fois en 1953, et des fossiles de dinosaures plus grands ont été trouvés plus tard dans les années 60. Des restes définitifs de sauropodes ont été découverts pour la première fois lors d'expéditions en 1994 et 1995. En 2002, un pied relativement complet d'un vertébré a été décrit par le paléontologue russe Alexander Averianov et ses collègues ; le matériel était insuffisant pour nommer le taxon, mais ils l'ont identifié comme un membre des Titanosauriformes, notant que les dents de la zone indiquent une possible identité de Brachiosauridae, mais qu'une vertèbre caudale d'une zone voisine indique également la présence d'un Titanosauria.

Des spécimens ont continué à être découverts et, en 2018, Averianov  ont nommé ceux qui pouvaient être rattachés avec certitude au même taxon que S. astrosacralis, notamment des dents, un sacrum, des vertèbres variées et le pied précédemment décrit. Cela en fait la deuxième espèce de Sauropoda nommée dans le pays, après Tengrisaurus, nommé plus tôt la même année ; le genre Arkharavia, nommé en 2010, bien qu'initialement décrit comme un sauropode, a ensuite été réassigné aux Hadrosauridae. Plus tôt, en 2015, il avait été officieusement surnommé « Sibirosaurus » dans la presse. Le nom définitif de Sibirotitan est dérivé de la Sibérie, où il a été trouvé, et du grec Τιτάν (titan), deuxième groupe d'êtres divins dans la mythologie grecque, précédant les Olympiens. Le nom spécifique astrosacralis est dérivé du grec ἄστρον, qui signifie « étoile », et du latin os sacrum, qui signifie « os sacré ». Cela fait référence à la façon dont les côtes sacrées rayonnent en étoile en vue dorsale.

Les auteurs ont noté que Sibirotitan était l'une des plus anciennes espèces de Titanosauriformes découvertes en Asie. Des espèces connues plus primitives ont été trouvées dans d'autres parties du monde, comme l'Europe, l'Amérique du Nord ou le Gondwana. Sibirotitan, ainsi que Fukuititan, sont les premiers à apparaître dans les archives fossiles asiatiques, les deux ayant vécu à l'âge barrémien. Des parents ultérieurs sont bien connus en Asie par la suite, de l'Aptien au Santonien, et il est proposé que l'un de ces taxons ultérieurs ait pu donner naissance aux Lithostrotia, un groupe de titanosaures dont les premiers représentants sont des genres asiatiques tels que Tengrisaurus (du Barremien ou de l'Aptien de Russie) et Jiangshanosaurus (de l'Albien de Chine). Ce dernier a été noté comme ayant des vertèbres dorsales similaires à celles de Sibirotitan, beaucoup plus ancien.

La plupart des spécimens référencés, bien que désarticulés, sont supposés avoir appartenu à un seul individu ; il a été suggéré que les grands restes trouvés dans les années 1960 pourraient provenir du même squelette que les restes ultérieurs, certains trouvés aussi récemment qu'en 2011. Un centrum cervical singulier a été noté comme étant juvénile, et provenant d'un individu différent, le reste des restes appartenant à un animal adulte. Parmi ces fossiles, le PM TGU 120/10-Sh1-22, une vertèbre dorsale, a été choisi comme spécimen holotype.

Description
Deux caractères ont été trouvés pour le distinguer de ses proches parents. La crête hyposphène sur ses vertèbres dorsales était particulièrement haute, contrairement aux autres membres des Titanosauriformes ; c'est la seule autapomorphie du taxon. Sa possession de seulement cinq vertèbres sacrées le distingue de tous les autres Somphospondyli, car la possession de six est une synapomorphie du clade. Il a été noté que les juvéniles ont moins de vertèbres, mais étant donné l'âge adulte de l'individu examiné, ce trait a plutôt été considéré comme un renversement évolutif.

En utilisant l'une des vertèbres cervicales, une estimation de la taille a été tentée. Ils ont constaté que sa taille correspondait à peu près à celle du sauropode Diplodocoidea Apatosaurus, et ont suggéré qu'une taille similaire de 20 tonnes aurait pu être possible.

Classification
Plusieurs caractères ont été relevés parmi les restes, dont quatre ont permis une classification dans le groupe des Titanosauriformes. Il s'agit de la façon dont les couronnes dentaires sont alignées dans la mâchoire, de la texture de l'os présacré, et à la fois de l'allongement et de la nature concave de certaines parties du centra cervical. Un caractère supplémentaire, relatif à la taille de l'arc des vertèbres cervicales, a été utilisé pour l'assigner plus spécifiquement comme membre de Somphospondyli. Les caractères de ses vertèbres et de ses côtes ont été trouvés partagés avec Epachthosaurus et Euhelopus.

Une analyse phylogénétique a été réalisée. Il a été noté que de nombreuses matrices différentes et contradictoires existent pour analyser la systématique des Titanosauriformes, en raison du fait que de nombreux taxons sont mal connus. Parce qu'elle est bien adaptée aux Titanosauriformes basaux en particulier, la matrice de Mannion  (2013) a été choisie. Dans cette analyse, on a constaté qu'il s'agissait d'un Somphospondyli non Titanosauria relativement avancé. L'arbre phylogénétique suivant a été produit :

Liens externes

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Sauropoda
Genre de dinosaures non aviens (nom scientifique)
Taxon fossile décrit en 2018
Paléontologie en Russie

Sibirotitan


Melnytsia-Podilska (en  ; en ) est une commune urbaine de l'oblast de Ternopil, en Ukraine. Elle compte  en 2021.

Géographie
La localité se situe dans l'ouest de la région historique de Podolie, à 25 kilomètres au sud de la ville Borchtchiv. Le Dniestr coule à l'ouest.

Histoire
La première mention de la ville remonte à l'année 1373. En 1747, elle obtient des privilèges urbains selon le droit de Magdebourg.

Mielnica faisait partie du royaume de Pologne jusqu'en 1569, puis de la voïvodie de Podolie au sein de la république des Deux Nations. Après le premier partage de la Pologne en 1772, la région est rattachée au royaume de Galicie et de Lodomérie, pays intégré à la monarchie de Habsbourg. Après la Première Guerre mondiale et la dissolution de l'Autriche-Hongrie, elle revint à la république de Pologne et fut incorporée dans la voïvodie de Tarnopol.

Avec le début de la Seconde Guerre mondiale en 1939, la localité est occupée par les troupes soviétiques. Après l'invasion de l'armée allemande (Wehrmacht) au cours de l'opération Barbarossa en 1941, elle était incorporée dans district de Galicie jsuqu'en . Depuis la fin de la guerre, Melnytsia faisait partie de la république socialiste soviétique d'Ukraine.

Références

Commune urbaine dans l'oblast de Ternopil

Melnytsia-Podilska


Lietuvos žinios ist eine der ältesten Tageszeitungen in Litauen.

Geschichte
Die Zeitung wurde im Juni 1909 als Nachfolger der "Vilniaus žinios" gegründet.

Von 1909 bis 1915 war sie eine liberale Zeitung in Vilnius, von 1914 bis 1915 Tageszeitung. Der Gründer war Jonas Vileišis. Sie wurde von dem Unternehmen "Felicija Bortkevičienė, dr. Kazys Grinius ir Ko" herausgegeben und war Organ der Lietuvos demokratų partija.

Sie gehört dem Konzern Achemos grupė.

Redakteure

Weblinks
Homepage

Litauischsprachige Tageszeitung
Zeitung (Litauen)
Achemos grupė
Medienunternehmen (Vilnius)
Ersterscheinung 1909

Lietuvos žinios


36226 Mackerras este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
36226 Mackerras este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul din Ondřejov de Lenka Šarounová. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,15 ua, o excentricitate de 0,09 și o înclinație de 5,8° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 36001-37000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1999
Centura de asteroizi

36226 Mackerras


කැලණිය රජ මහා විහාරය හෝ කැලණිය පන්සල යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙහි ගම්පහ පරිපාලන දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ කැළණි ගඟ අසබඩ කැලණිය ප්‍රදේශයේ පිහිටි බෞද්ධ විහාරස්ථානයකි. එය කොළඹට ඊසාන දෙසින්  පමන දුරින් පිහිටා ඇත. මෙහි වත්මන් විහාරාධිපති (ප්‍රධාන පූජක) මහාචාර්ය කොල්ලුපිටියේ මහින්ද සංඝරක්ඛිත හිමියන්ය.

බෞද්ධ බැතිමතුන්ගේ විශ්වාසයට අනුව කැලණිය යනු ගෞතම බුදුරජාණන් වහන්සේගේ තෙවන මෙන්ම අවසන් ලංකාගමනයෙන් පාරිශුද්ධත්වයට පත් පුදබිමකි. බුදුරජාණන් වහන්සේගේ තෙවන ලංකාගමනය සිදුවූයේ බුද්ධත්වය පසක් කොටගෙන වසර 8 ක් ගතවූ කාලයේදීයි. එනයින් කැලණිය පුදබිමේ ඉතිහාසය ක්‍රි.පූ. 500 ක් තරම් ඈතට දිවෙන බවට සැලකිය හැක. මහාවංශයට අනුව, බුදු හිමි වැඩ සිට ධර්මය දේශනා කළ මැණික් එබ්බවූ ආසනයක් නිධන් කොට කැලණියෙ ස්ථූපය ඉදිකරවා තිබේ.

බුදුන් හා සම්බන්ධය
මණිඅක්ඛිත නා රජුන්ගේ ආරාධනයෙන් බුද්ධත්වයෙන් වසර අටක් ඇවෑමෙන් එළඹුණු වෙසක් මස පුර පසළොස්වක දින අප මහා ගෞතම බුදුන් වහන්සේ කැලණියට සපැමිණියේ ලක්බිමට වැඩි තුන්වැනි සදහම් චාරිකාවට ඓතිහාසික සටහනක් තබමිනි.

බුදුන් වහන්සේගේ මෙම විදේශ සංචාරයට පන්සියයක් මහ රහතන් වහන්සේ ද එකතු වූහ. කැලණි පුරවරයේ මණිඅක්ඛිත නාග භවනට පැමිණි බුදුන් වහන්සේ සහ පන්සියයක් මහරහතන් වහන්සේ ගෞරව බහුමානයෙන් පිළිගැනීමට මණිඅක්‍ඛිත මහ නා රජාණන් සැදී පැහැදී බලා සිටියේ පුරවරය මහත් සේ අලංකාරවත් කරමිනි.

අසලින් ගලා බසිනා සුන්දර කැලණි නදියෙන් ජලස්නානය කළ බුදුන් වහන්සේ නා විමනේ මාණික්‍ය ආසනයේ සිට සද්ධර්මය දේශනා කළ සේක. බුදුන් වහන්සේ කැලණි රාජධානියේ දී ධර්මය දේශනා කළ ස්ථානයේ දී ඒ මාණික්‍ය ආසනය නිධන් කර කුඩා ස්තූපයක් ප්‍රථමයෙන් සෑදුවේ මණිඅක්‍ඛිත නා රජතුමා විසින් බව කියැවෙයි.

ඉතිහාසය

කැලණිය එදවස මාගම රාජ්‍යයට අවනත උප රාජ්‍යයක්ව පැවැති සමයේ එහි උප රජවරයකු වශයෙන් අභිෂේක ලද්දේ කැලණිතිස්ස නම් රජතුමාය. (ක්‍රි.පූ. 02 වන සියවස) රජතුමාගේ බිසව සමඟ තම සොයුරා වූ උත්තිය කුමරු ඇති කර ගත් ප්‍රේම සම්බන්ධයට වගකිවයුතු යැයි අස්ථානයේ සැකකළ කැලණිතිස්ස නම් මහ රහතන් වහන්සේ තෙල් කටාරමක බහා ගිනි ලා ඝාතනය කිරීමේ මහා පාපයට මහ මුහුද ගොඩ ගලා වටිනා මිනිස් ජීවිත මෙන්ම හත්ගව්වක වූ ගම් නියම්ගම් කෙත්වතු ආදී දෑ සුනු විසුණු වී ගියේ ය. නිමිතිකරුවන්ගේ උපදෙස් මත 'දේවී නම්' තම එකම දියණිය වියරු වැටුණු මහා සමුද්‍රයට බිලිදීමට සියල්ල සූදානම් විය. 16 වැනි වියේ පසුව 'දේවී' කුමාරිය තම මාතෘ භූමිය මේ මහා දිය රකුසාගෙන් ගලවා ගැනීමේ ඒකායන අභිප්‍රායෙන් තම ජීවිතය පරිත්‍යාග කිරීමට මොහොතකට හෝ නොපැකිලිව ඉදිරිපත් වූවා ය. ලාංකේය බිම එක්සේසත් කරමින් සම්බුදු සසුනේ පැවැත්ම වෙනුවෙන් අනූපමේය සේවයක් කළ විශිෂ්ට රාජෝත්තමයකු වූ දුටුගැමුණු මහා නිරිඳානන්ගේ උදාරතර මව වීමට තරම් භාග්‍ය ලද්දේ මේ වීර දියණිය ය. පසුව විහාර මහා දේවිය නමින් ප්‍රසිද්ධ වූයේ ඇයයි. එදා මේ දේවියගේ මහා පරිත්‍යාගය නිසා මේ බිම සාගර මහා සෝදා පාළුවෙන් වැලකිණි. අද අපට ඉතා ශෝචනීය අමිහිරි අත්දැකීමක් එක්කළ 'සුනාමි' ව්‍යසනය මෙන් වූ සාගරය ගොඩගැලීමේ පළමු අමිහිරි අත්දැකීම මේ කැලණි මහා සුනාමිය යි. කැලණිතිස්ස රජුගෙන් පසු කැලණි රාජ්‍යය අභාවයට පත් විය. පසුව දුටුගැමුණු රාජ්‍ය සමයේ (ක්‍රි.පු. 161 – 137 ) කැලණි විහාරයේ රහතන් වහන්සේ 500 ක් පමණ වැඩ සිටි බව මහා වංශයේ කියවෙයි. ක්‍රි.ව. 227 කණිෂ්ටතිස්ස රජතුමා කැලණි විහාරයට උපෝසථාගාරයක් කරවීය. මහා පරාක්‍රමබාහු (ක්‍රි.ව. 1153 – 1186) නිශ්ශංකමල්ල රජතුමා කැලණියේ වර්ධනයට කටයුතු කළහ.

විහාරයේ පසුබෑම සහ නැගුම
කාලිංග මාඝ ආක්‍රමණයේ දී කැලණි විහාරය විනාශ විය. පෘතුගීසි, ලන්දේසි යුගවලදී මෙම කැලණි විහාරය සහමුලින් විනාශ කර දමන ලදී.

වැලිවිට ශ්‍රී සරණංකර සංඝරාජ මා හිමිපාණන්ගේ අනුශාසනා පරිදි කීර්ති ශ්‍රී රාජසිංහ රජතුමා විසින් මාපිටිගම බුද්ධරක්‍ඛිත හිමියන්ට රාජ්‍ය භාණ්ඩාගාරයෙන් මුදල් ලබා දී කැලණි විහාරය නැවත ගොඩ නංවන ලදී. ඉතා සාර්ථකව ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණයන් නිම කළ සතුටට රජතුමා බුද්ධ රක්‍ඛිත හිමියන්ට තඹ සන්නසකින් කැලණි විහාරය පවරා දුන්නේ ය.

1779 වසරේ කැලණි වෙහෙර සෙල්ලිපියෙන් ඒ බව සනාථ වේ. කෝට්ටේ රාජ්‍ය සමයේ දී ධර්ම පරාක්‍රමබාහු රජු විසින් ක්‍රි.ව. 1509 දී පිහිටුවන ලද කල්‍යාණී ශිලා ලිපිය පසු කලෙක පෘතුගීසීන් විසින් කැබැලි අටකට කඩා බිඳ දැමූවද දැනට එය සකස් කර කැලණි විහාර භූමියේ සුරක්‍ෂිතව තබා ඇත.

කැලණි විහාරයේ පැරැණි බුද්ධ මන්දිරය මහනුවර යුගයේ කරවන ලද බව විශ්වාස කෙරෙයි. මෙහි ඇති සිතුවම් බු.ව. 2394 පමණ වූ මහනුවර යුගයට අයත් ය. අද  දකින කැලණියේ අලුත් විහාරය ඉදිකිරීම ආරම්භ වන්නේ 1927 වර්ෂයේ ය. සෝලියස් මැන්දිස් නම් මහා කලා ශිල්පියා අඳින ලද විශිෂ්ට සිතුවම් පෙළ නිර්මාණය වන්නේ 1930 වසරේදීය.

කැලණි රජ මහා විහාරයට ආලෝකයක් එක්කළ  බුද්ධ මන්දිරය ඉදිකිරීමට මූලික වන්නේ හෙලේනා විජයවර්ධන මැතිණියයි. වසර 19 ක් පමණ කාලයක් තිස්සේ ගොඩනැඟෙන මෙම විහාර මන්දිරය ඉදිවී අවසන් වන්නේ 1946 වසරේ දී ය.

කැලණි විහාරයේ සෑය අවසන් වරට ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණ කෙරෙන්නේ තුන්වැනි විජයබාහු රාජ්‍ය සමයේය. ධ්‍යානාගාර හැඩැති ස්තූපයේ උස අඩි 90 කි. වට ප්‍රමාණය අඩි 180 කි.

ජන ව්‍යවහාරයේ
තම දිවියේ දී එක්වරක් හෝ කැලණිය වන්දනාමාන කරගත යුතු බවට බෞද්ධ ජනහද කිඳා බැසගත් කියමනක් තිබේ. මෙම වදන කවියට ගීතයට කලාවට ද සම්බන්ධ වීමට තරම් ප්‍රබල වී ඇත. මහනුවර යුගයේ ලෝකුරු නයිදේ නමැති ජන කවියකු විසින් මෙම ප්‍රසිද්ධ වදන සහිත මෙම කවිය ලියා ඇත.

  පසන් ගෞතම මුනිඳු බුදු වී සාසනේ ලොව පැවැතියේ
  එසම්පත් ඇති අයත් යනවා මරුව සමඟින් උරුදියේ
  වසන් ඇති දා කරපු පින්මයි කැටුව යන්නේ පැහැදියේ
  උපන් දා සිට කරපු පව් නැත වරක් වැන්දොත් කැලණියේ

යටත් විජිත යුගය

පෘතුගීසි යුගය
පෘතුගීසි අධිරාජ්‍ය සමයේදී විහාරයේ ගොඩනැගිලි විනාශකර ඊට අයත් විශාල භූමි ප්‍රමාණයක් රාජසන්තක කරන ලදී.

ලන්දේසි යුගය
කෙසේ වෙතත් ලන්දේසි අධිරාජ්‍යය යටතේ පන්සලට නව ඉඩම් තෑගි ලෙස ලැබුණු බව පැවසේ. කීර්ති ශ්‍රී රාජසිංහ රජුගේ අනුග්‍රහය යටතේ විහාරය යලි ගොඩනංවන ලදී.

ඉංග්‍රීසි යුගය
විසිවන සියවස මුල බාගයේදී හෙලේනා විජේවර්ධන ළමාතැනීගේ උදවු ඇතිව විහාරය තව දුරටත් පිළිසකර කරවන ලදී.

ගැලරිය

මේවාද බලන්න
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ගම්පහ දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ පුරාවිද්‍යා ආරක්‍ෂිත ස්මාරක ලැයිස්තුව

බාහිර සබැඳුම්
Temple website
Listing on a site devoted to Buddhist temples of Sri Lanka

රජමහා විහාර
ගම්පහ දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ බෞද්ධ සිද්ධස්ථාන

කැලණිය රජ මහා විහාරය


Onthophagus ramosicornis é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por D'Orbigny em 1902.

Referências

Ligações externas

ramosicornis
Coleópteros descritos em 1902

Onthophagus ramosicornis


Les élections régionales de 2024 en Saxe () se tiennent en , afin d'élire les  de la  du Landtag, pour un mandat de .

Contexte
Près de trois mois après les élections régionales du  2019, l'Union chrétienne-démocrate (CDU), l'Alliance 90/Les Verts (Grünen) et le Parti social-démocrate (SPD) s'entendent pour former une . Le ministre-président chrétien-démocrate Michael Kretschmer est réélu le  pour un second mandat par 61 voix sur 118 lors d'une session du Landtag.

Mode de scrutin
Le Landtag est constitué de  (, MdL), élus pour une législature de cinq ans au suffrage universel direct et suivant le scrutin proportionnel d'Hondt.

Chaque électeur dispose de  : la première () lui permet de voter pour un candidat de sa circonscription selon les modalités du scrutin uninominal majoritaire à un tour, le Land comptant un total de  ; la seconde voix () lui permet de voter en faveur d'une liste de candidats présentée par un parti au niveau du Land.

Lors du dépouillement, l'intégralité des  est répartie proportionnellement aux secondes voix entre les partis ayant remporté au moins 5 % des suffrages exprimés au niveau du Land ou . Si un parti a remporté des mandats au scrutin uninominal, ses sièges sont d'abord pourvus par ceux-ci.

Dans le cas où un parti obtient plus de mandats au scrutin uninominal que la proportionnelle ne lui en attribue, il conserve ces mandats supplémentaires et la taille du Landtag est augmentée par des mandats complémentaires distribués aux autres partis pour rétablir une composition proportionnelle aux secondes voix.

Campagne

Principaux partis

Sondages

Résultats

Voix et sièges

Analyse

Conséquences

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Landtag de Saxe
 Élections régionales en Saxe

2024
Saxe

Élections régionales de 2024 en Saxe


Olaylar
 22 Ocak - Portekiz 1532'de Brezilya'daki ilk daimi yerleşimini São Vicente'de kurdu.
 25 Haziran - Kanuni Sultan Süleyman, Almanya Seferi'ne çıktı.
 23 Temmuz - Schmalkalden Birliği ile Karl arasındaki savaş hali 1532'de Almanlar'a ibadet özgürlüğü tanıyan Nürnberg Antlaşması'nın imzalanmasıyla son buldu.
 5-30 Ağustos - Güns Kuşatması gerçekleşti.
 16 Kasım - Pizarro'nun komutanlığında 188 kişilik bir İspanyol birliği, hiç kayıp vermeden beş milyon kişilik İnka Devleti'nin ordusunu Cajamarca'da yendi ve İnka imparatoru Atahualpa'yı ele geçirdi.

Doğumlar
 1 Temmuz - Marino Grimani, Venedik Cumhuriyeti'ne "Doçe" unvanı ile devlet başkanlığı yapan 89. düka (ö. 1605)
 11 Kasım - Marcantonio Memmo, Venedik Cumhuriyeti'ne "Doçe" unvanı ile devlet başkanlığı yapan 91. düka (ö. 1615)
 tarihi bilinmeyen
 II. Mehmed Giray, Kırım Hanı (ö. 1584)
 Étienne Jodelle, Fransız edebiyatındaki Pleiade grubunun üyesi Rönesans şairi ve oyun yazarı (ö. 1573)
 John Hawkins, İngiliz gemi yapımcısı, deniz amiri, gezgin, kumandan, seyir subayı ve köle tüccarı (ö. 1595)
 Menocchio, İtalyan çiftçi ve düşünür (ö. 1600)
 Muhammed Hüdabende, Safevi Şahı (ö. 1595)

Ölümler
 Figânî, Osmanlı divan şairi
 Lâmiî Çelebi, divan şairi (d. 1472)

1532


The Uruguay River ( ;  ) is a major river in South America. It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries. It passes between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil; forms the eastern border of the provinces of Misiones, Corrientes, and Entre Ríos in Argentina; and makes up the western borders of the departments of Artigas, Salto, Paysandú, Río Negro, Soriano, and Colonia in Uruguay.

Course

The river measures about  in length and starts in the Serra do Mar in Brazil, where the Canoas River and the Pelotas River are joined, at about  above mean sea level. In this stage the river goes through uneven, broken terrain, forming rapids and falls. Its course through Rio Grande do Sul is not navigable.

An unusual feature of the Uruguay River is a submerged canyon. This canyon formed during the Ice Age, when the climate was drier and the river was narrower. Its depth is up to  below the bottom of the river channel and it is 1/8 to 1/3 as wide as the river. The canyon is only visible in two places, one of which is the Moconá Falls (also called the Yucumã Falls). However, the falls are not visible for 150 days per year and become more like rapids when they are not visible. Unlike most waterfalls, the Moconá Falls are parallel to the river, not perpendicular. The falls are  to  high and between  and  wide. They are  from the mouth of the river. The  Turvo State Park, created in 1947, protects the Brazilian side of the falls.

Together with the Paraná River, the Uruguay forms the Río de la Plata estuary. It is navigable from around Salto Chico. Its main tributary is the Río Negro, which is born in the south of Brazil and goes through Uruguay for 500 km until its confluence with the Uruguay River, which is located 100 km north of the Uruguay's confluence with the Río de la Plata, in Punta Gorda, Colonia Department, Uruguay.

The river is crossed by five international bridges called (from north to south): Integration Bridge and Paso de los Libres-Uruguaiana International Bridge, between Argentina and Brazil; and the Salto Grande Bridge, General Artigas Bridge and Libertador General San Martín Bridge between Argentina and Uruguay.

The drainage basin of the Uruguay River has an area of . Its main economic use is the generation of hydroelectricity and it is dammed in its lower portion by the Salto Grande Dam and by the Itá Dam upstream in Brazil.

Origin of the name
The name of the river tends to comes from the Spanish settlers' interpretation of the Guaraní language word the inhabitants of the region used to designate it. There are several interpretations, including "the river of the uru (an indigenous bird)", and "[river of] the uruguá" (an indigenous gastropod, Pomella megastoma).

Cellulose plant conflict

Argentina and Uruguay experienced a conflict over the construction of pulp mills on the Uruguay River. Two European companies, ENCE and Botnia, proposed building cellulose processing plants at Fray Bentos, Uruguay, opposite Gualeguaychú, Argentina. According to a 1975 treaty, Argentina and Uruguay were supposed to jointly agree on matters relating to the Uruguay River. Argentina alleged that Uruguay broke the treaty. Additionally, Argentina believed the Finnish company Botnia was polluting the fish and the overall environment of the river while Uruguay believed that the plant was not depositing a large amount of toxins in the Uruguay River.

Starting in April 2005, residents of Gualeguaychú, as well as many others, protested, claiming that the plants would pollute the river shared by the two countries. Early in 2006, the conflict escalated into a diplomatic crisis, compelling one of the companies move the project  south. Beginning in December 2005, the international bridges linking the Argentine province of Entre Ríos with Uruguay were intermittently blockaded by Argentine protesters, causing major disruptions in commercial traffic and tourism.

In 2006, Argentina brought the dispute before the International Court of Justice. The ICJ completed hearings between Argentina and Uruguay regarding the dispute on October 2, 2009. In 2010, the court ruled that although Uruguay failed to inform Argentina of the construction of the pulp mills, the mills did not pollute the river, so closing the remaining pulp mill would be unjustified. Later in 2010, Argentina and Uruguay created a joint commission to coordinate activities on the river.

Links across the Uruguay
The course of the Uruguay is crossed by the following bridges, beginning upstream:

See also

 List of rivers of the Americas
 Geography of Uruguay
 Tributaries of the Río de la Plata

References

External links

  Salto Grande Hydroelectric System

 "Map of the Uruguay River from Yapeyu to the Farm of Sn. Gregorio" from 1784

Rivers of Santa Catarina (state)
Rivers of Rio Grande do Sul
Rivers of Uruguay
Rivers of Argentina
Argentina–Brazil border
Argentina–Uruguay border
International rivers of South America
Border rivers
Rivers of Misiones Province
Rivers of Entre Ríos Province
Rivers of Corrientes Province

Uruguay River


Le quatrième district congressionnel d'Alabama est le district du Congrès américain qui englobe les Comtés de Franklin, Colbert, Marion, Lamar, Fayette, Walker, Winston, Cullman, Lawrence, Marshall, Etowah et DeKalb. Il comprend également des parties des comtés de Jackson, Tuscaloosa et Cherokee, ainsi que des parties de la zone métropolitaine de Decatur et de la zone statistique combinée Huntsville-Decatur.

Il est actuellement représenté par le Républicain Robert Aderholt. Lors de l'élection présidentielle américaine de 2016, le district a été le seul du pays à donner à Donald Trump plus de 80 % des voix, ce qui en fait son district le plus fort du pays. Trump a même amélioré ses performances de 2016 en 2020, remportant 81% des voix. Avec un indice Cook de vote partisan de R+34, c'est le district le plus Républicain des États-Unis.

Historique des votes

Liste des Représentants du district

Résultats des récentes élections
Voici les résultats des dix précédents cycles électoraux dans le  district de l'Alabama.

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022
L'Alabama a tenu sa Primaire le 24 mai 2022. Rick Neighbors (D) remporte la Primaire Démocrate, il rejoint donc Robert Aderholt (R), le candidat sortant pour l'Élection Générale du 8 novembre 2022.

Frontières historique du district

Références

4

Quatrième district congressionnel de l'Alabama


Le Bill Armstrong Stadium, est un stade de soccer américain situé dans la ville de Bloomington, en Indiana.

Appartenant à l'Université de l'Indiana à Bloomington, le stade, doté de  places et inauguré en , sert d'enceinte à domicile pour l'équipe universitaire des Hoosiers de l'Indiana.

Il porte le nom de William S. Armstrong, Sr., président de l'Indiana University Foundation durant de nombreuses années.

Histoire

Le stade ouvre ses portes en .

Le record d'affluence au stade est de  spetacteurs le  , lors d'une rencontre entre les locaux des Indiana Hoosiers contre les UCLA Bruins.

Notes et références

Équipement sportif achevé en 1981
Stade multifonction aux États-Unis
Stade de soccer en Indiana
Vélodrome aux États-Unis
Stade portant le nom d'une personnalité
Bloomington (Indiana)

Bill Armstrong Stadium


Parada (în ) este un film de comedie francez din 1974, regizat de Jacques Tati.

Note

Legături externe

Filme din 1974
Filme regizate de Jacques Tati
Filme franțuzești
Filme suedeze
Filme de comedie din anii 1970
Filme despre circ
Filme de comedie
Filme în limba franceză

Parada (film din 1974)


Se le conoce como Campaña de Sucre en el Alto Perú o Campaña del Alto Perú a un conjunto de operaciones militares llevadas a cabo por el Ejército Unido Libertador del Perú para terminar con las últimas banderas realistas del Alto Perú. Dieron comienzo tras la capitulación de Ayacucho y concluyeron con la derrota del general español Pedro Antonio Olañeta en el combate de Tumusla por sus propias tropas amotinadas, el cual sería nombrado Virrey del Río de la Plata sin saberse que ya había muerto.

Antecedentes

El libertador del Perú, Simón Bolívar, se había puesto en comunicación con el general Pedro Antonio Olañeta, que se había rebelado contra la autoridad del virrey del Perú, José de la Serna. Aprovechando el desorden introducido en el aparato defensivo realista por la rebelión altoperuana, el ejército de Bolívar subió a la sierra y derrotó a la caballería realista del general José de Canterac en la batalla de Junín. El virrey replegó sus fuerzas, incluidas las de los generales Canterac y Jerónimo Valdés, en dirección a Cuzco, donde reorganizó sus fuerzas. Ante el avance enemigo a través del valle de Jauja, contratacó y obtuvo una victoria en la batalla de Corpahuaico. No obstante, el general Antonio José de Sucre continuó su avance y obtuvo una decisiva victoria en la llanura de Ayacucho el 9 de diciembre de 1824, que causó la capitulación del ejército realista en nombre del virrey.

Orden de batalla y capitulados

Operaciones del Ejército Libertador
Desde Ayacucho el ejército libertador del Perú se movilizó hacía el Cuzco, donde el 30 de diciembre llegó la división peruana, seguido por Sucre en los primeros días de enero, y en la tercera semana de enero de 1825 el ejército continuó en dirección a Puno, llevando a la División Peruana siempre como vanguardia, a cuyo mando estaba el coronel Francisco Burdett O'Connor, menos el batallón número 3 del Perú, que se quedó de guarnición en el Cuzco.

El 6 de febrero el mariscal Sucre a la cabeza del Ejército Libertador cruzó el río Desaguadero para ocupar La Paz. El 29 de enero de 1825, el caudillo de la republiqueta de Ayopaya, José Miguel Lanza, había tomado la ciudad de La Paz y Olañeta se replegaba a Potosí.

Sucre partió de La Paz en dirección hacía Oruro el 9 de marzo de 1825, haciendo avanzar conjuntamente la División Peruana hacia la misma localidad. El general José María Córdova, con su división colombiana, debería quedarse en La Paz por tres meses para descansar. Esta división había llegado a la La Paz entre el 23 de febrero y el 4 de marzo sufriendo el desgaste en la que había perdido 76 hombres, y contaba 200 enfermos entre sus tropas, y que fue ocasionado por las penalidades de la marcha.

Partida de La Paz el 9 de marzo, la División Peruana llegó a Oruro el 15 del mismo mes; de ese lugar continuó a Condo, a una distancia de 27 leguas de Oruro, organizado por escalones de marcha: el 15 partieron los Húsares de Junín, el 17 el batallón N.º 2 del Perú, el 18 el batallón de la Legión Peruana de la Guardia y el batallón de La Paz. Como el Regimiento de «Dragones Americanos» se encontraba en Challapata, pueblo situado entre Oruro y Potosí, fue agregado en el camino y conjuntamente todas las fuerzas de la división peruana se reunieron en Condo, para seguir luego a Chuquisaca, en masa, en caso de que Pedro Antonio Olañeta hiciera resistencia. El 28 de marzo de 1825 el ejército peruano ocupaba Potosí, y concurrentemente Olañeta abandonaba la ciudad rumbo a Chichas.

Batalla de Tumusla

El 29 de marzo de 1825 el coronel Carlos Medinaceli Lizarazu al frente de un cuerpo realista hizo saber al general Olañeta su resolución de acogerse a la capitulación de Ayacucho y pasarse con sus tropas a los patriotas. El general Olañeta, al saber de la defección de Medinaceli, se puso en movimiento y lo atacó el 1 de abril de 1825. El Combate de Tumusla concluyó a las siete de la tarde. Herido por tiros de fusil el día 1 de abril, Olañeta cayó en tierra, a cuya vista sus soldados se dispersaron, entregándose algunos al jefe vencedor. Olañeta falleció al día siguiente, el 2 de abril. Ese mismo día Medinaceli remitió el parte de la batalla al mariscal Sucre, quien dio por finalizada la campaña militar.

Véase también
Historia de Bolivia
Conquista de Bolivia

Notas y referencias

Independencia de Bolivia
Independencia de Perú

Campaña de Sucre en el Alto Perú


Ozu or Ōzu, occasionally Oozu, may refer to:

Places

Ōzu, Ehime, a city in Ehime Prefecture
Ōzu, Kumamoto, a town in Kumamoto Prefecture
Özü Eyalet, a former eyalet in the Ottoman Empire
Ōzushima, or Ōzu Island, an island in the Seto Inland Sea in Japan

People

Ozu Moreira (born 1986), beach soccer player
Yasujirō Ozu (1903–63), a Japanese filmmaker
Ozu, a character on the TV show Kappa Mikey

See also
Osu (disambiguation)

Ozu


Eyvind Kinnrifa (también Øjvind Kinnriva y Öyvind Kinnriva) fue un caudillo vikingo de Trondheim, Noruega en el . Era un devoto pagano y protagonista de uno de los más sórdidos acontecimientos relacionados con la conversión forzada al Cristianismo encabezada por el rey Olaf Tryggvason. Conociendo los precedentes de la visita real a diversas provincias, dos comerciantes llamados Hauk y Sigurd, avisaron a Eyvind que tuviese cuidado con el rey pues conocían su devoción pagana y ellos habían tenido problemas por eso en un encuentro previo del que (de momento) se habían salvado. Eyvind fue a visitar a Hårek av Tjøtta para pedir consejo que lo recibió bien y escuchó sus temores; pero en la zona ya estaban los hombres del rey Olaf que estaban vigilando a Hårek y tomaron preso a Eyvind, llevándole a presencia del rey en su nave que estaba en Nidaros pues iba dirección al norte en una expedición para solucionar la disidencia pagana en la zona.

Tras una corta conversación, el rey solicitó primero con buenas palabras a Eyvind su conversión voluntaria y que aceptase el bautismo, Eyvind se negó. Entonces el rey le ofreció regalos y propuso un feudo, pero Eyvind siguió rechazando la oferta. Por último el rey le amenazó con la muerte, pero Eyvind no cedió. Entonces Olaf ordenó que colocasen una parrilla llena de ardientes brasas sobre su vientre.

Con lágrimas de dolor, Eyvind dijo que apartase la parrilla con brasas porque tenía que decir algo antes de morir. El rey pensaba que iba a aceptar la conversión y le preguntó si aceptaba a Cristo, pero Eyvind respondió:

No, yo no puedo recibir el bautismo aunque quisiera. Mi padre y mi madre no tuvieron hijos antes de solicitar ayuda a los hechiceros fineses. El último les dijo que tendrían un niño, pero debían jurar que su hijo serviría a Odín y Thor hasta el día de su muerte. Y así hicieron como aconsejaron los fineses. Nací, y me consagraron a Odín. Tan pronto como pude jurar los votos por mi mismo, renové su juramento. Desde entonces, con toda devoción, he servido a Odín, y me he convertido en un poderoso caudillo. Ahora, tantas veces me he consagrado a Odín que ahora tampoco puedo, ni le decepcionaré.

Y con esas palabras expiró el que había sido uno de los grandes hechiceros del norte.

Véase también
 Anexo:Festividades y fechas remarcables de Ásatrú

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Sturluson, Snorri. Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway, trad. Lee M. Hollander. Reprinted University of Texas Press, Austin, 1992. ISBN 0-292-73061-6

Enlaces externos
 Mártires paganos en krasskova.weebly.com

Nobles de Noruega del siglo X
Vikingos de Noruega
Mártires paganos

Eyvind Kinnrifa


NGC 5802 est une vaste galaxie lenticulaire située dans la constellation de la Balance. Sa vitesse par rapport au fond diffus cosmologique est de , ce qui correspond à une distance de Hubble de . NGC 5802 a été découverte par l'astronome américain Francis Leavenworth en 1885.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du New General Catalogue

Liens externes

 NGC 5802 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

5802
Constellation de la Balance
Galaxie lenticulaire
Objet céleste découvert en 1885
Objet céleste découvert par Francis Leavenworth

NGC 5802


Johannes Ponader (* 14. Februar 1977 in München) ist ein deutscher Theaterregisseur und ehemaliger Politiker. Von April 2012 bis Mai 2013 war er politischer Geschäftsführer der Piratenpartei.

Ausbildung und Beruf
Ponader schloss seine schulische Laufbahn 1996 mit dem Abitur am Graf-Münster-Gymnasium in Bayreuth mit einem Notendurchschnitt von 1,0 ab. Während der Schulzeit war er im Theaterbereich engagiert, später auch an der Studiobühne Bayreuth sowie in mehreren freien Kabarett-Ensembles tätig.

Nach eigener Aussage studierte Ponader von 1997 bis 2005 verschiedene Fächer ohne Studienabschluss, zuerst Mathematik und Musikwissenschaft in Regensburg, dann von 1998 bis 2000 Philosophie in München und von 1998 bis 2005 Pädagogik und Theaterwissenschaft ebenfalls in München. Als Teil des Studiums absolvierte er von 1998 bis 2000 eine Ausbildung zum Spiel- und Theaterpädagogen. Von 1997 bis 2002 wurde sein Studium mit einem Begabtenstipendium des Freistaates Bayern und einem Stipendium der Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes gefördert. Während seines Studiums wurde Ponader wie sein Vater Mitglied der Studentenverbindung Akademischer Gesangverein München im Sondershäuser Verband.

 1999 gab er sein Regiedebüt in München mit einem experimentellen Theaterstück im Theaterzelt Das Schloss (Oberwiesenfeld). Seitdem arbeitete er als Regisseur vor allem im Musiktheater. 2011 verlegte er seinen Hauptwohnsitz nach Berlin.

Politik
Im November 2010 trat er auf dem Bundesparteitag in Chemnitz in die Piratenpartei ein. In Verbindung mit seinem Wohnsitzwechsel im Jahr 2011 wechselte Ponader von deren Landesverband Bayern zur Piratenpartei Berlin. Dort engagierte er sich bis Anfang 2012 auch in der Occupy-Bewegung. Im Dezember 2011 brachte er auf dem Offenbacher Parteitag den Antrag ein, das Modell eines bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens ins Parteiprogramm aufzunehmen. Ende April 2012 wurde Ponader mit 74,44 Prozent der Stimmen im Verfahren "Wahl durch Zustimmung" als politischer Geschäftsführer der Partei zum Nachfolger von Marina Weisband gewählt. Er erzielte dabei das zweitbeste Ergebnis der neun Mitglieder im Bundesvorstand.

Seit seiner Wahl wurde in den Medien thematisiert, dass Ponader Arbeitslosengeld II bezog. Er kündigte Anfang Juli 2012 an, in Kürze vom Jobcenter finanziell unabhängig zu sein und auf Sozialleistungen zu verzichten. Mitglieder der Piratenpartei initiierten eine Spendenaktion zu Ponaders Gunsten, die im Sommer viel Kritik aus der Partei erhielt. Mitte Oktober nahm Ponader dann Abstand von dem Spendenmodell. Einen Monat später äußerte er, diese Spendenaktion mittlerweile zu bereuen. Obwohl ihm seine Vorstandskollegen im Sommer nahelegten, vorerst auf Talkshowauftritte zu verzichten, war Ponader weiterhin Gast solcher Sendungen. Der Streit im Vorstand drang an die Öffentlichkeit mit Rücktrittsforderungen an Ponader. Der Spitzenkandidat der Piratenpartei in Niedersachsen, Meinhart Ramaswamy, äußerte, dass Ponaders häufige Talkshow-Auftritte politisch wirkungslos verpufften: "Ich weiß, dass er sozialpolitisch gute Ideen hat, aber er kann sie nicht transportieren; vielleicht ist es zu viel Bühne – er verkaspert sich, das finde ich schade." Anfang November 2012 gab der Parteivorsitzende Bernd Schlömer bekannt, dass er sich mit Ponader ausgesprochen habe. Außerdem habe man entschieden, dass Ponader den für Mitte November 2012 geplanten Auftritt bei Stefan Raabs neuem Polit-Talk nicht wahrnimmt.

Am 6. März 2013 kündigte Ponader an, sein Amt als politischer Geschäftsführer der Piratenpartei bis zum Bundesparteitag im Mai 2013 aufzugeben. Auf dem Parteitag wurde Katharina Nocun zu seiner Nachfolgerin gewählt.

Ponader ist Vorstand des eingetragenen Vereins "Vertrauensgesellschaft".

Auseinandersetzung mit der Bundesagentur für Arbeit
In einem Interview mit der Bild-Zeitung kritisierte Heinrich Alt, ein Vorstandsmitglied der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, 2012 Ponaders politische Betätigung bei gleichzeitigem Bezug von Sozialleistungen als Selbstverwirklichung "auf Kosten der Steuerzahler". Die Agentur hielt Ponader vor, dass er mit 60 bis 70 Stunden pro Woche zu viel Zeit für seine ehrenamtliche politische Tätigkeit aufwende und deshalb keinen Leistungsanspruch habe. Ponader warf Alt seinerseits vor, dass der beim Vorsitzenden der Piratenpartei, Bernd Schlömer, angerufen habe, um zu fragen, warum die Partei Ponader kein Gehalt zahle. Das Amt des politischen Geschäftsführers sei, so Ponader, ein Ehrenamt. Alt bestätigte gegenüber der Bild-Zeitung den Anruf. Er habe ihn aber aus "grundsätzlichem Interesse an der Piratenpartei" getätigt und "ganz gewiss nicht wegen Herrn Ponader". Dagegen wollte Alts Pressereferentin auf Anfrage von stern.de, ob die ALG-II-Bezüge Ponaders im Gespräch zwischen Alt und Schlömer thematisiert worden seien, "weder bestätigen noch dementieren". Nach Angaben des Onlinemagazins ging es allerdings "sehr wohl um Ponaders Hartz-IV-Bezüge". In einem eigenen Beitrag für die FAZ hatte Ponader zuvor kritisiert, dass Alt mit dem Anruf das Sozialgeheimnis gebrochen habe. Seine Grundrechte wurden nach seiner Ansicht durch unberechtigte Hausbesuche und unzulässige Kontrollen der Bundesagentur für Arbeit "mit Füßen getreten". Ponader kritisierte dort auch die Berichterstattung der Medien und insbesondere der "Springerpresse" in der Angelegenheit. Im Zusammenhang mit der Auseinandersetzung schreibt der Spiegel in einem Artikel: "Ponader ärgert, dass die Arbeitsagentur jetzt so kleinlich wird: 'Ich werde vom Sozialsystem heftig hinterfragt, weil ich mich politisch engagiere und trotzdem Sozialleistungen beziehe. Das ist eine extreme Entartung des ganzen Systems.'"

Inszenierungen
 Johannes Ponader: KOSOVO – Gegenwartstheater – ein kosmopolitischer Denkanstoß für Kosovoyeure. Theaterzelt Das Schloss in München (1999)
 Christian Cieslak (nach William Shakespeare): A Midsummer Night's Dream – Das Musical. Munich Shakespeare Company (2003)
 Peter Michael von der Nahmer/Johannes Ponader: Von Zeyt zu Zeit (Musical). Neuburger Stadttheater (2005)
 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Die Hochzeit des Figaro (Kinderoper). Pasinger Fabrik (2007)
 Max Christian Feiler (nach Niccolò Machiavelli): Mandragola oder die Kunst der unbefleckten Empfängnis. Studiobühne Bayreuth (2008)
 Regie zusammen mit Doris Heinrichsen: Winterträume. A Christmas Holiday (Eisshow). Prinzregententheater (2008)

Weblinks

 Benutzerseite im Wiki der Piratenpartei Deutschland

Einzelnachweise

Parteifunktionär (Deutschland)
Mitglied der Piratenpartei Deutschland
Theaterschauspieler
Theaterregisseur
Politiker (Berlin)
Politiker (21. Jahrhundert)
Darstellender Künstler (München)
Darstellender Künstler (Berlin)
Korporierter im SV
Deutscher
Geboren 1977
Mann

Johannes Ponader


Vitovlje naseljeno mjesto u općini Travnik, Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine, BiH.

Nalazi se na padinama Vlašića, ispod Gavrića Brda (1006 m), na nadmorskoj visini od oko 884 metara.

Kroz ovo naseljeno mjesto protiče Dedića potok, lijeva pritoka Ugra, iznad kojeg je južni krak Korićanskih stijena. Od Vitovlja, niz Ugar do ulaska u kanjon ispod Skender Vakufa, između planine Ranča i Ugarskih stijena, proteže se Pougarje.

Za vrijeme rata u Bosni i Hercegovini, Vitovlje je bilo razrušeno, a stanovništvo ubijano ili prognano. U poratnom periodu je obnovljeno, a i većina prognanika se vratila u zavičaj.

Stanovništvo

Popisi 1971. – 1991.

Popis 2013.

Izvori

Naselja u županiji Središnja Bosna
Travnik

Vitovlje


Ion Mărilă (n. 12 iunie 1883, Reșița Română - d. 12 august  1933, Lugoj) a fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, organismul legislativ reprezentativ al "tuturor românilor din Transilvania, Banat și Țara Ungurească", cel care a adoptat hotărârea privind Unirea Transilvaniei cu România, la 1 decembrie 1918.

Biografie
Ion Mărilă a urmat studiile la Institutul Pedagogic din Caransebeș devenind mai apoi învățător în satul natal, colaborând în același  timp la gazeta Drapelul. În anul 1907 a preluat conducerea artistică a Reuniunii de cântare, lectură și muzică. A fost și revizor școlar al județului Caraș-Severin. În urma tuturor acestor activități, Ion Mărilă își găsește sfârșitul la data de 12 august 1933 în orașul Lugoj.

Activitatea politică
A participat ca delegat al Reuniunii de cântări și muzică a plugarilor din Reșița Română, județul Caraș-Severin la Marea Adunare Națională a românilor de la 1 decembrie 1918.

Decorații
Activitatea sa de peste 30 de ani în cadrul învățământului a fost răsplătită prin acordarea decorației Răsplata muncii. De asemenea, a fost posesor al Coroanei României în gradul de cavaler.

Note

Bibliografie
 Ioan I. Șerban, Dorin Giurgiu, Ionela Mircea, Nicolae Josan, Dicționarul personalităților Unirii. Trimișii românilor transilvăneni la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, Muzeul Național al Unirii, Alba Iulia, 2003, ISBN 973-8141-90-7
 Gelu Neamțu, Mircea Vaida-Voevod, 1 decembrie 1918. Mărturii ale participanților, vol. I-II, Editura Academiei Române, București, 2005, ISBN 973-27-1258-9 (vol. I); ISBN 973-27-1264-3 (vol. II)

Lectură suplimentară
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureș, 1993
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918

Nașteri în 1883
Decese în 1933
Învățători români
Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Decorați cu Ordinul Coroana României

Ion Mărilă


Gleraugnaslöngur (fræðiheiti: Naja) er ættkvísl slanga sem oft eru kallaðar kóbra. Allar geta þær verið banvænar mönnum og allar nema tvær geta spýtt eitri. Eitt af einkennum þeirra er að þær geta risið upp og breitt úr hálsi til að virðast stærri. Sumar tegundirnar eru með mynstur sem getur minnt á gleraugu. Nokkrar aðrar tegundir eitursnáka hafa verið taldar til þeirra og eru það helst konungskóbra (Ophiophagus hannah) og hringhálskóbra (Hemachatus haemachatus), en þær teljast nú til eigin ættkvísla.

Útbreiðsla tegundanna er í Afríku og suður Asíu.

Flokkun
Núverandi flokkun gleraugnaslanga er svona:

Tenglar

Slöngur
Kóbrur
Eiturslöngur

Gleraugnaslöngur


Enriquillo (poglavica), cacique Taíno indijanaca
 Enriquillo (jezero), jezero u Dominikanskoj Republici
 Enriquillo (grad), grad u provinciji Barahona, Dominikanska Republika

Enriquillo


Füchsledt ist der Name folgender Orte:

 Füchsledt (Gemeinde Münzkirchen), Ortschaft der Gemeinde Münzkirchen, Bezirk Schärding, Oberösterreich
 Füchsledt (Gemeinde St. Roman), Ortschaft der Gemeinde St. Roman, Bezirk Schärding, Oberösterreich

Füchsledt


Culori în Bărăgan este un film românesc din 1982 regizat de Virgil Calotescu, Erich Nussbaum.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1982 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1982
Filme regizate de Virgil Calotescu

Culori în Bărăgan


محمد الغليميش لاعب كرة قدم سعودي ، في مركز مدافع ، لعب مع نادي الشباب و نادي الشعلة.

مراجع

لاعبو نادي الشباب (السعودية)
لاعبو نادي الشعلة (السعودية)
لاعبو كرة قدم سعوديون
لاعبو دوري المحترفين السعودي

محمد الغليميش