12782 Mauersberger este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
12782 Mauersberger este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Tautenburg de Freimut Börngen. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,15 ua, o excentricitate de 0,13 și o înclinație de 6,6° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 12001-13000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Asteroizi cu nume de oameni
Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1995
Centura de asteroizi

12782 Mauersberger


قباع، أصل الكلمة: هو مكيال ذو قعر وجاء اسمه من قبعت الجواليق إذا أثنيت أطرافه إلى الداخل أو الخارج. وهو مكيال إسلامي استعمل في الكيل أثناء العصور الإسلامية.

المصدر

مكاييل شرعية

قباع


Die Linea dentata (lat. linea = 'Linie', 'Strich'; dentatus = 'gezahnt', 'gezackt'), auch als Linea pectinata oder Kryptenlinie bezeichnet, ist eine anatomische Grenzlinie im Analkanal.

Beschreibung
An der Linea dentata trifft das Plattenepithel des Analkanals auf das in oraler Richtung liegende Epithel des Rektums. Die Grenze zwischen beiden Gewebearten verläuft nicht geradlinig, sondern gewunden und weist im Bereich der Längsfalten kleine, zackenförmige Ausziehungen auf – die Analpapillen. Dieses gezackte, in einander 'verzahnte' Erscheinungsbild hat der Linea dentata ihren Namen eingebracht.

Das Gewebe oberhalb (proximal) der Linea dentata (in oraler Richtung) wird während der Embryogenese vom Entoderm gebildet, während das Gewebe unterhalb (distal) ektodermalen Ursprungs ist.

Während die proximal der Linea dentata gelegenen Gewebe das über die Arteria rectalis superior und Arteria rectalis media zugeführte Blut über das Pfortader-System (von der Vena rectalis superior zur Vena portae) ableiten, geschieht dies beim distal gelegenen Gewebe, das über die Arteria rectalis media und Arteria rectalis inferior versorgt wird, über den systemischen Blutkreislauf (von der Vena rectalis inferior zur Vena cava inferior).
Entsprechend metastasieren maligne Tumoren des Rektums beziehungsweise Analkanals, die oberhalb der Linea dentata liegen, bevorzugt in die Leber und die unterhalb der Linea dentata lokalisierten Tumoren in die Lunge.

Auch für das lymphatische System ist die Linea dentata eine Grenzlinie. Oberhalb der Linea dentata erfolgt der Lymphfluss über perirektale (neben dem Rektum liegende), pelvine (im Becken liegende) und paravertebrale (neben den Wirbeln gelegene) Lymphgefäße und unterhalb der Linea dentata über inguinale (im Bereich der Leisten) und femorale (im Bereich der Schenkel) Lymphgefäße.

Die oberhalb der Linea dentata gelegene Rektumschleimhaut ist weitgehend schmerzunempfindlich. Das distal gelegene Plattenepithel der Analhaut ist dagegen hochempfindlich. Damit ist es beispielsweise möglich, zwischen Darmgasen und festem oder dünnflüssigem Stuhl zu unterscheiden.

In der englischsprachigen Fachliteratur wird die Linea dentata als pectinate line bezeichnet.

Weiterführende Literatur
 M. Schünke, E. Schulte u. a.: Prometheus Lernatlas der Anatomie. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2009, ISBN	3-131-39532-X, S. 231–233.
 A. Winkelmann, J. Kirsch u. a.: Taschenlehrbuch Anatomie. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010, ISBN	3-131-62511-2, S. 384.

Einzelnachweise

Dickdarm
Anus

Linea dentata


An Hypolytrum balakrishnanii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Hans Peter Nooteboom. An Hypolytrum balakrishnanii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Hypolytrum, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Andaman Is.. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Hypolytrum

Hypolytrum balakrishnanii


A Efapel Cycling é uma equipa profissional de ciclismo portuguesa, sediada em Árvore (Vila do Conde), criada em 2022.

Ciclistas
Para a temporada 2023, a Efapel conta com o seguinte plantel:

  Tiago Antunes, 26 anos
  Henrique Casimiro, 37 anos
  Emanuel Duarte, 26 anos
  Gaspar Gonçalves, 27 anos
 Aleksandr Grigorev, 31 anos
  Francisco Guerreiro, 22 anos
  Pedro Pinto, 22 anos
  Joaquim Silva, 31 anos
  Rafael Silva, 32 anos
  André Soares, 24 anos
  Keegan Swirbul, 27 anos

Equipas de ciclismo de Portugal
Clubes esportivos fundados em 2022

Efapel Cycling


İnorganik kimya veya anorganik kimya; organik olmayan, yani karbon-hidrojen bağı içermeyen bileşiklerin özelliklerini ve kimyasal davranışlarını inceleyen kimya dalı. Anorganik ve organik kimyayı birleştiren organometalik bileşikler, organometalik kimya adında başka bir dalı oluşturur.

İnorganik bileşiklerin özellikleri
C-H bağı içermezler. Ama inorganik karbon bileşikleri bulunabilir. (örn. siyanürler, karbonatlar)
Erime/kaynama noktaları yüksektir.
Tepkimeler katalizörsüz gerçekleşebilir.
İyonik bileşikler çoktur.

Örnekler
İnorganik bileşiklerin en çok bilinen örnekleri su ve tuzdur. Aşağıda bazı örnekler verilmiştir:
Gümüş nitrat
Amonyum klorür
Titanyum tetraklorür
Kalsiyum karbonat
Sodyum klorür
Bakır (II) sülfat
Baryum sülfat

İnorganik asitler (mineral asitleri)
Hidroklorik asit
Sülfürik asit
Fosforik asit
Nitrik asit
Hidrobromik asit
Borik asit
Hidroflorik asit
Perklorik asit
hidroiyodik asit

İnorganik bazlar
Sodyum hidroksit
Potasyum hidroksit
Kalsiyum hidroksit
Amonyum hidroksit
Kalsiyum hidroksit
Baryum hidroksit
Lityum hidroksit

İnorganik kimya


La Société suisse de météorologie (SSM ; en allemand, , SGM) est une association de météorologues professionnels et de passionnés de météo en Suisse.

Elle coédite, avec les sociétés allemandes et autrichiennes de météorologie, la revue scientifique Meteorologische Zeitschrift (MetZ).

But
L'association vise à promouvoir les échanges entre le monde académique et les activités privées et à aider les étudiants qui se dirigent vers la météorologie et la climatologie.

Histoire
L'association est fondée le  à Scuol, dans les Grisons, sous le nom de « Société suisse de géophysique, de météorologie et d'astronomie » (GMA). Elle est constituée comme section distincte de la Société suisse des sciences naturelles (SNG) afin de tenir des conférences qui ne soient pas noyées dans les autres domaines de la SNG lors de ses réunions annuelles. À sa création, elle ne compte que 46 membres.

Le , l'association change de nom et devient la « Société suisse de géophysique », après la création d'une Société d'astrophysique et d'astronomie distincte. Le , elle prend son nom actuel après le départ des géophysiciens.

En 1992, elle se joint aux sociétés de météorologie autrichienne et allemande pour reprendre la publication de la revue météorologique Meteorologische Zeitschrift, fondée en 1866 mais interrompue en 1945. Depuis janvier 2000, la revue est publiée conjointement avec Contributions to Atmospheric Physics. Elle publie des articles révisés par des pairs en météorologie, climatologie, physique et chimie atmosphérique.

Affiliations
Elle est membre de la Société européenne de météorologie (EMS), de l'Académie suisse des sciences naturelles (SCNAT) et de la plateforme géosciences.

Références

Bibliographie
 .
 .

Liens externes

Météorologie
Organisme fondé en 1916
Suisse
Suisse

Société suisse de météorologie


ෆොරස්ට් සටුවර්ඩ්ශිප් කවුන්සිල් (FSC) යනු ලෝකයේ වනාන්තරයන් වගකීම්සහිතව කළමනාකරණය කිරීම සඳහා අනුග්‍රහය දැක්වීමට 1993දී පිහිටුවන ලද බහු-පාර්ශවීය, ලාභ-නොපතන ජාත්‍යන්තර සංවිධානයකි. මෙය සාක්ෂාත් කරගැනුමට එය භාවිතා කරන ප්‍රධාන ක්‍රමවේදයන් වන්නේ ප්‍රමිති පිහිටුවීම, ස්වාධීන සහතිකකිරීම සහ වන නිෂ්පාදිතයන් සලකුණු කිරීම වෙති.  සාමාජීය සහ පාරිසරික ලෙසින් වගකීමක් සහිතව ක්‍රියාත්මක වන වන කර්මාන්තයන්ගෙන් බිහිවන නිෂ්පාදිත තෝරාගැනුමෙහි අවස්ථාව මෙය මගින් ලොව පුරා පාරිභෝගිකයන්ට සලසා දෙයි.

FSC සහතිකකිරීම් මගින් අවධානයට පාත්‍රවන වනහරණ ගැටළු

එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ ආහාර සහ කෘෂිකර්ම සංවිධානය පරිදි, වෙනස්කිරීම් වලට, හායනයට, විනාශයට හෝ අනෙකුත් ඉඩම් භාවිතයන් සඳහා පරිවර්තනය කිරීම් වලට  ලෝකයේ වනාන්තර වලින් අඩක් භාජනය වී ඇත. . වර්තමානයේ ඉතිරිව ඇති වනාන්තරවලින් බොහෝමයක් නීති විරෝධි උපයෝජනය සහ නොඑසේනම් දුර්වල කළමනාකරණය වෙතින් පීඩා විඳිති. ගෝලීය වනහරණය පිළිබඳ මෙම අවධානයට ප්‍රතිචාර ලෙසින් FSC පිහිටුවන ලදි.

වනාන්තර හා වන නිශ්පාදන සදහා සහතික නිකුත් කිරීමට පිහිටු වනු ලැබූ ලොව පලමු ආයතනය වනුයේ මෙයයි. මෙය ස්වෙච්ඡා වෙළඳ පළ මත පදනම් වූ මනා වන කළමනාකරණයක් සදහා පසුගිය ශතවර්ෂයේ පිහිට වූ වැදගත් මුල් පිරීම් අතරින් එකකි. මෙමගින් ඉදිරිපත් කර ඇති ඡාත්‍යාන්තරව පිළිගත් වනාන්තර කළමණාකරන ප්‍රමිතීන්විසින් දේශීය හා ලෝක ප්‍රඡාවට පාරිසරික සේවාවන් සපයයි. එයට වාතය හා ඡලය පිරිසිදු කිරීම සදහා දායක වීම හා කාළගුණික වෙනස් වීම් සදහා දායක වීම යන සේවාවන් අදාලය. නීති විරෝධී දැව කැපීම හා වනහරණය සහ ගෝලීය උණුසුම් වීම යන ප්‍රශ්න සදහා ඍජුව හෝ වක්‍රව සම්බන්ධ වී ඇත. තවද ආර්ථික සංවර්ධනය, පාරිසරික සංරක්ෂනය,දුප්පත්කම අඩු කිරීම හා සමාඡීය හා දේශපාලන බලයන් සදහා ධනාත්මක බලපෑම් කර ඇත.

වන භාරකාර මණ්ඩලය යනු ඡාත්‍යන්තර සාමාඡීකයන‍් ගෙන් සමන්විත සoවිධානයකි. මෙය වනාන්තර අයිති කරුවන්ට, දැව කර්මාන්තශාලා වලට, සමාඡීය සංවිධාන වල‍ට, පාරිසරික සංවිධාන වලට එකතු වී වන කළමණාකර ක්‍රියාකාරකම් වැඩි දියුනු කිරීම සදහා පිළියම් සෙවීමට හොද වේදිකාවක් සපයයි. මෙ‍ම මණ්ඩලය විසින් මනා වන කළමණාකරන හා සoරක්ෂණය හරහා වනාන්තර වල ස්ථීර පැවැත්ම තහවුර‍ෑ කිරීම සදහා වැඩ කටයුතූ සිදු කරයි.

වන භාරකාර මණ්ඩලය, වෙළදසල මත පදනම් වූ යාන්ත්‍රනයක් ලෙස නිදහස් නාමයක් වනාන්තර නිශ්පාදන සදහා ලබා දෙමින් පාරිභෝගිකයන් හට වෙළදපලෙ‍්දී ඔවුන්ගේ ඉල්ලුම ඉදිරිපත් නිරීමට බලය ලබා දේ. පාරිභෝගිකයන් හට තමන් ලෝකයේ වනාන්තර විනාශ කිරීමට දායක නොවේය යන විශ්වාසය මත සිටිමින් වන නිශ්පාදන තෝරා ගැනීමට Greenpeace අනුව හැකියාව ලැබී ඇත. තවදුරටත් සළකා බැලුවහොත් මෙ‍ම ආයතනයේ ලාංඡනය මගින් එම නිශ්පාදන වගකිවයුතු ප්‍රභවයකින් පැමිණෙන බවට තහවුරූ කරයි. එනම් ඒවා පාරිසරිකව යෝග්‍ය සමාඡීයව වාසිදායක හා ආර්ථික වශයෙන් ගැලපෙන නිශ්පාදන බවට තහවුරූ කරයි. වන භාරකාර මණ්ඩලය විසින් නිකුත් කරන නාමයන් විශාල පරාසයක පවතින ඒව‍ා දැව හා දැව නොවන කඩදාසි හා ලී නිශ්පාදන වල සිට බෙහෙත් හා ආභරණ නිශ්පාදනය දක්වා වූ පුළුල් පරාසයක පැතිර පවතී.

ආශ්‍රිත

ෆොරස්ට් සටුවර්ඩ්ශිප් කවුන්සිල්


Nummer-et hits i Danmark i 2009 er en liste over de singler der lå nummer et på den danske singlehitliste i 2009. Den var udarbejdet af International Federation of the Phonographic Industry og Nielsen Soundscan, og udgives af hitlisten.nu.

Historie

Referencer

Se også
 Musik i 2009

2009
Musik i 2009

Nummer-et hits i Danmark i 2009


Steven Mackintosh (* 30. April 1967 in Cambridge, England) ist ein britischer Schauspieler.

Leben
Mackintosh besuchte die Sylvia Young Theatre School in London. Seine Karriere im Filmgeschäft begann er 1983 mit einem Auftritt in der Fernsehserie Nanny. Bis heute ist Mackintosh insbesondere für das Fernsehen tätig.

Er ist mit der Schauspielerin Lisa Jacobs verheiratet und Vater zweier Kinder.

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 1983: Nanny (Fernsehserie, Staffel 1)
 1987: Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank (The Diary of Anne Frank)
 1990: Die Schatzinsel (Treasure Island)
 1991: Van der Valk (Fernsehserie, 1 Folge)
 1991: Agatha Christie's Poirot (Fernsehserie, 1 Folge)
 1992: Die Muppets-Weihnachtsgeschichte
 1992: Inspektor Morse, Mordkommission Oxford (Inspector Morse, Fernsehserie, 1 Folge)
 1994: The Return of the Native
 1995: Gegen die Brandung (Blue Juice)
 1995: The Grotesque
 1996: Was ihr wollt (Twelfth Night)
 1998: Brombeerzeit (The Land Girls)
 1998: Bube, Dame, König, grAS
 2003: Die Mutter – The Mother (The Mother)
 2004: Von Hitlers Schergen gehetzt (The Aryan Couple)
 2005: Das geheime Leben der Worte (La Vida Secreta De Las Palabras)
 2005: The Jacket
 2006: Good
 2006: Rang De Basanti – Die Farbe Safran (Rang De Basanti)
 2006: Underworld: Evolution
 2008: Blick des Bösen – Sie will nur spielen (The Daisy Chain)
 2008: The Escapist – Raus aus der Hölle (The Escapist)
 2009: The Scouting Book for Boys
 2009: Underworld – Aufstand der Lykaner
 2010: Luther (Fernsehserie, Staffel 1, 6 Folgen)
 2011: Lost Christmas
 2011: The Great Ghost Rescue
 2012: Elfie Hopkins
 2012: Inside Men (Fernsehserie, Staffel 1, Folge 1–4)
 2012: The Crime (The Sweeney)
 2014: Robot Overlords – Herrschaft der Maschinen (Robot Overlords)
 2016–2017: Stan Lee's Lucky Man (Fernsehserie, 20 Folgen)
 2018: Wanderlust (Fernsehserie)
 2019: Rocketman
 2020: Soulmates (Fernsehserie, 1 Folge, 1x05)
 2020: The Postcard Killings

Weblinks

 Steven Mackintosh Webseite

Filmschauspieler
Brite
Geboren 1967
Mann

Steven Mackintosh


එංගලන්ත 19-පහළ ක්‍රිකට් කණ්ඩායම විසින් 1974 වසරෙහි සිට 19-පහළ නිල ටෙස්ට් තරග ක්‍රීඩා කර ඇත. 1991/92 වසරට පෙර ඔවුන් හැඳින්වුනේ එංගලන්ත යොවුන් ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩකයන් (ඉංග්ලන්ඩ් යං ක්‍රිකටර්ස්) ලෙසිනි.

හිටපු නායකයන් අතර මයික් ඇතර්ටන්, මයිකල් වෝන්, ඇලස්ටර් කුක් සහ ඇන්ඩෲ ෆ්ලින්ටොෆ් වන අතර, ටෙස්ට් තරග වලදී ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨ ජාතික කණ්ඩායමෙහි නායක තනතුර හෙබවීමට ඔවුන් සියල්ල සමත්ව ඇත.

එංගලන්ත ජාතික 19-පහළ ක්‍රිකට් කණ්ඩායම


Melyvonnea, rod crvenih algi iz porodice Mesophyllumaceae opisan 2014. godine. Postoji nekoliko vrsta. Tipična je morska alga M. canariensis.

Rod je diobio ime u čast Yvonne M. Chamberlain.

Vrste
 Melyvonnea aemulans (Foslie & M.Howe) Athanasiadis & D.L.Ballantine
 Melyvonnea canariensis (Foslie) Athanasiadis & D.L.Ballantine - tip
 Melyvonnea erubescens (Foslie) Athanasiadis & D.L.Ballantine
 Melyvonnea madagascariensis (Foslie) Athanasiadis & D.L.Ballantine

Izvori

Mesophyllumaceae

Melyvonnea


Jeremy John Irons (d. 19 Eylül 1948; Cowes, Wight Adası) İngiliz aktör.

Filmografi

Ödülleri

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1948 doğumlular
Yaşayan insanlar
Emmy Ödülü sahipleri
César Ödülü sahipleri
Wight Adası doğumlular
İngiliz erkek oyuncular
Altın Küre Ödülü sahipleri
İngiliz erkek dizi oyuncuları
İngiliz erkek tiyatro oyuncuları
Royal Shakespeare Company üyeleri
Ekran Oyuncuları Derneği Ödülü sahipleri
En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Akademi Ödülü sahipleri
Boston Film Eleştirmenleri Derneği Ödülü sahipleri
New York Film Eleştirmenleri Birliği Ödülü sahipleri
En İyi Erkek Drama Filmi Oyuncusu Altın Küre Ödülü sahipleri
En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Dizi Oyuncusu Altın Küre Ödülü sahipleri
Boston Film Eleştirmenleri Derneği En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Ödülü sahipleri
New York Film Eleştirmenleri Birliği En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Ödülü sahipleri
En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Chicago Sinema Eleştirmenleri Derneği Ödülü sahipleri
Annie Ödülü sahipleri
En İyi Dublaj Primetime Emmy Ödülü sahipleri
David di Donatello En İyi Yabancı Erkek Oyuncu Ödülü sahipleri
David di Donatello Ödülü sahipleri
David di Donatello Ödülü sahibi oyuncular
En İyi Erkek Oyuncu Tony Ödülü (Oyun) sahipleri
Mini dizi ya da Filmlerde En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu Emmy Ödülü sahipleri

Jeremy Irons


Natalia Dumitresco (născută Natalia Dumitrescu; ) a fost o pictoriță abstractă româno-franceză asociată, după cel de-al Doilea Război Mondial, cu salonul de la Paris Réalités Nouvelles, o mișcare influențată de arta pictorilor Vasili Kandinski și Alberto Magnelli. Alți pictori expresioniști abstracți asociați cu Réalités Nouvelles au fost Serge Poliakoff și Alexandre Istrati. Mai târziu, Dumitresco s-a căsătorit cu Alexandre Istrati (1915 - 1991).

După un număr de ani de muncă în alb și negru, ea a abordat pictura de culori, în care arată originalitate și o mare prospețime a culorilor în compoziții.

Ea și soțul ei sunt îngropați în cimitirul Montparnasse din Paris, același cimitir în care este înmormântat și Constantin Brâncuși.

Note

Bibliografie
 Pontus Hulten, Natalia Dumitresco, Alexandre Istrati : Brancusi. Paris, FIammarion, 1986.
 Les prix Kandinsky 1946-1961, Galerie Denise René, 1975
 Istrati, Dumitresco : une histoire de peintres : déc. 1989, Artcurial, Paris .- Le Buhan, Dominique .- [s. n. ?] .- 1989 .- Catalogue d'exposition.
 20 œuvres de Natalia Dumitresco, 1915-1997. 18 œuvres de Alexandre Istrati, 1915-1991. 06/07/1999 Drouot Richelieu

Nașteri în 1915
Decese în 1997
Pictori francezi din secolul al XX-lea
Artiste din secolul al XX-lea
Pictori români
Români emigrați
Români expatriați în Franța
Bucureșteni
Românce din secolul al XX-lea

Natalia Dumitresco


Mecidiye, (Rumence, Medgidia) Romanya'nın Dobruca bölgesi, Köstence ilinde bulunan, 43.800 kişilik nüfuslu (2003) olan bir şehir.

Osmanlı döneminde Dobruca'da çok sayıda yerleşim yeri kuruldu. Bunların başında Mecidiye gelmektedir.  Kırım Savaşı'ndan sonra Dobruca'ya Kırım'dan gelen göçmenler için büyük bir yerleşim merkezi yapma fikri ortaya çıktı. Köstence'ye 45 km. uzaklıktaki Karasu yerleşiminin yeri uygun görülerek burada yeni ve büyük bir kasaba kuruldu. Kasabanın adı değiştirilerek Osmanlı Sultanı Abdülmecid'e izâfeten Mecidiye kondu. İdare binaları, cami inşa edildi. Kasaba bugün adını muhafaza etmektedir. 2 Eylül 1856'da Sultan Abdülmecit Karasu üzerinde Mecidiye'nin kuruluşu ile ilgili fermânını yayımlattı. 150. kuruluş yılı kutlamalarında Mecidiye Belediyesi'nin fahri hemşehri ilan ettiği Sultan Abdülmecit, geleneksel olarak şehrin kurucusu kabûl edilmektedir.

Köstence - Boğazköy (Cernavoda) - Bükreş demiryolu ve Tuna - Karadeniz kanalı Mecidiye'den geçiyor. Bolgede üzüm bağları olup önemli bir şarap üretim merkezidir. Şehirde yaşayan Türk - Kırım Tatar nüfusu varlığını devam ettirmektedir.

Kaynakça

Romanya'daki şehirler
Köstence ili
Dobruca
Kırım Tatarları'nın yaşadıkları bölgeler

Mecidiye, Köstence


Hector Chotteau (* 24. Mai 1898 in Laken; † 1. Dezember 1985 in Brüssel) war ein belgischer Eishockeytorwart.

Karriere
Hector Chotteau nahm für die belgische Nationalmannschaft an den Olympischen Winterspielen 1928 in St. Moritz teil. Mit seinem Team belegte er den achten von elf Rängen. Er selbst kam im Turnierverlauf zu drei Einsätzen. Auf Vereinsebene spielte er für CPA Antwerpen.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeynationaltorwart (Belgien)
Olympiateilnehmer (Belgien)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 1928
Geboren 1898
Gestorben 1985
Mann
Belgier

Hector Chotteau


Allan "Mini" Begosso (São José dos Campos, 23 de novembro de 1995), é um lutador brasileiro de MMA que compete na categoria Peso Galo atualmente vivendo em Sacramento, Califórnia.

Biografia
Desde muito jovem, Begosso demonstrou interesse e talento para as artes marciais. Aos 9 anos de idade, começou a treinar boxe e muay thai, e com apenas 11 anos, já estava ganhando competições. Durante sua adolescência, teve que lidar com uma série de desafios familiares, incluindo pais separados e uma relação difícil com a mãe e o padrasto, que não acreditavam em seu potencial.

Apesar das dificuldades, Begosso perseverou e encontrou no jiu-jitsu uma nova paixão. Com a ajuda de seu amigo, que treinava kickboxing, ele foi introduzido à academia de Anderson Braddock, onde recebeu uma bolsa para treinar. Em menos de um ano, ele começou a competir e conquistar vitórias.

Aos 15 anos, Begosso sofreu uma lesão no pé durante uma luta, mas continuou treinando mesmo com dores. Seu professor Claudio Godoy o apresentou ao jiu-jitsu, e ele rapidamente se destacou, tornando-se vice-campeão pan-americano e nacional, em pouco tempo. Após um ano e meio de sucesso no jiu-jitsu, ele voltou a treinar MMA sob a tutela de seu professor Anderson Nogueira.

Carreira
Para seguir sua carreira no MMA, Begosso teve que superar dificuldades financeiras e um ambiente familiar adverso. Ele mudou-se para a academia, pois o ambiente em sua casa não era propício para seu crescimento profissional. Com 18 anos, estreou como lutador profissional e recebeu uma proposta para lutar no Chile em um grande evento.

No entanto, em 2017, Begosso sofreu uma lesão na mão que o afastou temporariamente dos ringues. Passou por cirurgias e enfrentou momentos de frustração. Em busca de novas oportunidades, ele e sua esposa decidiram ir para Portugal, mas encontraram dificuldades devido a uma falsa proposta de uma amiga.

Determinados a alcançar seus objetivos, o casal começou a vender brigadeiros para arrecadar fundos para se mudarem para os Estados Unidos. Embora tenham enfrentado desafios, como a quebra do carro em que trabalhavam como motoristas de Uber, Begosso nunca desistiu. Ele voltou a treinar e, em 2020, conseguiu obter o visto de atleta.

Mudança para os EUA
Desde então, Begosso se destacou na academia, treinando com renomados lutadores e treinadores como Cody Garbrandt, Urijah Faber e Fábio Pateta. Ele conquistou um contrato com a Legacy Fighting Alliance (LFA), um dos principais eventos de MMA, onde teve um início impressionante, com vitórias rápidas por nocaute.

Seu talento e dedicação chamaram a atenção, e ele recebeu a oportunidade de competir pelo cinturão, sendo reconhecido por sua atuação e indicado para prêmios como "Nocaute do Ano" e "Luta do Ano".

Allan "Mini" Begosso é um exemplo de resiliência e determinação, superando adversidades pessoais e profissionais para se tornar um lutador de destaque no mundo do MMA. Sua história de superação serve de inspiração para outros lutadores e para todos que buscam alcançar seus sonhos, independentemente dos desafios que possam enfrentar.

Lutadores de MMA do Brasil

Allan Begosso


Saccharomyces cerevisiae, tomurcuklanan bir maya türüdür. Eski çağlardan beri bira, şarap ve ekmek yapımında kullanılmasında dolayı en önemli maya türü olduğu söylenebilir. Üzümün kabuğundan izole edildiği tahmin edilmektedir. Koyu kabuklu meyvelerin kabuklarındaki beyaz tabakanın bir bileşeni mayadır. Kabuktaki mumun içinde yer alır.  Moleküler biyoloji ve hücre biyolojisi alanlarında prokaryotlar arasında model organizma olarak ele alınan Escherichia coliye benzer şekilde, üzerinde en çok çalışılmış model ökaryotik organizmalar arasında da bu maya türü yer alır. Saccharomyces cerevisiae hücreleri yuvarlak veya yumurta biçimlidir. Çapları 5-10 mikrometredir. Tomurcuklanma olarak bilinen bir bölünme yoluyla ürer.

S. cerevisiae hücre döngüsünün araştırılmasında çok kullanışlıdır, çünkü hem kültürlenmesi kolaydır, hem de, bir ökaryot olduğundan dolayı hayvan ve bitkilerin karmaşık hücre içi yapılarına sahiptir. Ökaryotlar arasında genomunun dizini ilk okunmuştur. Maya genom veri tabanı  bu çalışmanın üzerine inşa edilmiş, içinde maya genlerinin çeşitli özellikleri gayet ayrıntılı bir şekilde kaydedilmiştir. Bu bilimsel kaynak, ökaryotik hücre genetiği ve fizyolojisinin yapısı ve organizasyonu hakkında temel bilgilerin geliştirilmesinde çok önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Bir diğer S. cerevisiae veri tabanı Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences 'dır. Genom yaklaşık 13.000.000 baz çiftinden ve 6275 genden oluşmaktadır. Ancak bu genlerin yaklaşık 5.800'ünün işlevsel olduğu sanılmaktadır. Maya ve insan genomunun dizinleri %23 ortaktır.

"Saccharomyces" sözcüğü Yunanca ve Latince'den türetilmiştir, "şeker mantarı" demektir; "Cerevisiae" Latince "biradan" demektir.  Organizmanın diğer isimleri:

 Ekmek mayası (ama başka organizmalar da bu amaç için kullanılır).
 Bira mayası
 Üst fermantasyon mayası

Bu tür aynı zamanda gıdasal maya ve maya özü 'nün kaynağıdır.

Yaşam döngüsü
[[Dosya:S cerevisae.png|upright=1.82|küçükresim|orta|S. cerevisaenın yaşam döngüsü]]
Maya hücreleri haploit ve diploit biçimde varlıklarını sürdürebilirler. Haploit hücreler mitoz ve büyümeden ibaret basit bir yaşam döngüsüne sahiptirler ve yüksek stresli ortamda genelde ölürler. Diploit hücreler de mitoz ve büyümeden oluşan bir yaşam döngüsüne sahip olmakla beraber stres halinde sporlanıp mayoz bölünmeye girerler, çeşitli haploit sporlar oluştururlar ve bu sporlar çiftleşip yeniden bir diploit hücre oluşturular.

Mayanın a''' ve α olarak adlandırılan iki eşey tipi vardır, haploit hücrelerin eşleşebilmek için farklı eşey tiplerine sahip olmaları gerekir.

 Bilimde yeri Saccharomyces cerevisiae (E. coli gibi) biyolojide en çok çalışılmış model organizmalardan biridir. S. cerevisiae bu konuma endüstrideki yaygın kullanımından dolayı ulaşmıştır. İnsan biyolojisinde önemli olan pek çok protein önce mayada bulunan karşılıklarının araştırılması sonucunda keşfedilmiştir. Bunların arasında hücre döngüsü proteinleri, sinyalleme proteinleri ve protein işleme proteinleri sayılablir.

 Üst Fermantasyon mayası Saccharomyces cerevisiae biracılıkta bir üst fermantasyon mayası olarak tanımlanır. Bu maya türü bira imalatında kullanılan başlıca mayalardan biridir (Saccharomyces carlsbergensis ve Brettanomyces türlerinin yanı sıra) ve bu şekilde tanımlanmasının nedeni fermantasyon sırasında fermantasyon tankının tepesine yükselmesidir.  Üst fermantasyon mayaları ile yapılan bira türlerine İngilizce "ale"  denir (eyl' okunur).  Bu mayalar bazı şeker türlerini fermante edemediklerinden dolayı oluşan bira daha tatlı ve "meyvemsi" bir tada sahiptir.

 İnsan sağlığına etkisi Saccharomyces cerevisiae, kalın bağırsak iltihabına (kolit) neden olan Clostridium difficile'' bakterisinin biyolojik kontrolünde bir probiyotik katkı olarak kullanılır. Çok hasta insanlarda bu uygulamanın sistemik maya iltihabına yol açabileceği gözlemlenmiştir.

Dış bağlantılar
İngilizce Wikipedia'nin Saccharomyces cerevisiae maddesinin 7.08.2006 tarihli sürümü
 Saccharomyces Genome Database (İngilizce)
 Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences - S. cerevisiae genomunun tarif edildiği bilimsel makale (İngilizce)
 BioPIXIE
 BioGRID: Saccharomyces cerevisiae hücrelerindeki etkileşimler veritabanı  (İngilizce)

Kaynakça

Saccharomycetaceae
Mayalar (mikoloji)
Model organizmalar
Bira yapımı
Probiyotikler
Fırınlama
Genomu dizilenmiş mantarlar

Saccharomyces cerevisiae


The Okapi Wildlife Reserve () is a wildlife reserve in the Ituri Forest in the north-east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, near the borders with South Sudan and Uganda. At approximately 14,000 km2, it covers approximately one-fifth of the area of the forest. In 1996, the Okapi Wildlife Reserve was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, due to its large population of endangered okapis and its high overall biodiversity.

Ecology
The wildlife reserve makes up roughly one-fifth of the total area of the Ituri Forest. As a Pleistocene refugium, the forest contains dense evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, dominated by Mbau trees (Gilbertiodendron dewevrei). The Nepoko, Ituri, and Epulu rivers flow through the reserve, surrounded by swamp forests. The granite outcrops in the north of the reserve protect critical habitat for Encephalartos ituriensis, a threatened species of cycad.

Because of its relatively stable climate during the repeated ice ages, the wildlife reserve, and the Ituri Forest as a whole, protects a unique biological community. As its name implies, the Okapi Wildlife Reserve is home to many okapis. As of 1996, the number was estimated at 3900–6350, out of a global population of around 10,000–20,000. In 1996, there were roughly 7,500 elephants and 7,500 chimpanzees within the reserve, although those numbers have likely declined significantly in recent years due to poaching and political instability.

Other mammals identified within the reserve include the leopard, forest buffalo, water chevrotain, bongo, Bates's pygmy antelope, and giant forest hog. The Ituri Forests is home to 17 primate species have been observed within the reserve, have the highest primate species richness of any African forest.

The reserve has over 370 species of bird, and is one of the most important sites for bird conservation in mainland Africa. Many of the bird species found in the reserve are endemic to the Congo Basin, including the endangered Congo peafowl.

The imposing Mbiya Mountain overlooks the Epulu village, and nomadic Mbuti pygmies and Bantu farmers also live within the reserve.

History
The Okapi Wildlife Reserve was created with the help of the Okapi Conservation Project in 1992. The project continues to support the reserve by training and equipping wildlife guards and by providing assistance to improve the lives of neighboring communities. The Okapi Wildlife Reserve was added to the list of World Heritage Sites in danger in 1997. The main threats to the reserve are deforestation, primarily caused by slash and burn agriculture, and commercial hunting for the sale of bushmeat. Gold mining has also been problematic to the Reserve. As of 2005, the fighting in the eastern part of the country moved within the boundaries of the Reserve, causing its staff to flee or be evacuated.  Lack of funding due to the poor political and economic conditions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo has also been problematic. It is hoped that eco-tourism to the area can be developed, leading to both increased funding and improved public awareness.

Conservation
The wildlife reserve the location of the Epulu Conservation and Research Center, on the Epulu River. This facility dates back to 1928 when the camp was founded by American anthropologist Patrick Putnam as a capture station, where wild okapis were captured and sent to American and European zoos. Until 2012 it still served that function, albeit with very different methodology, as the okapis remained in Congo. In 2012 a rebel attack left the center's captive okapis dead and it was decided to focus exclusively (at least as long as there were security concerns) on preserving the wild okapis in the reserve. The center also carries out much important research and conservation work.

Gold mining
As of 2015 there was a gold artisanal mining camp at Muchacha within the reserve employing about 8,000 people. The mine was run by a loosely organized rebel faction, Mai-Mai Simba, who aimed to liberate the local population from the reserve's land use restrictions. The warden of the reserve, Colonel Lucien Gedeon Lokumu announced operation  to clear the reserve of rebel forces and mining operations.

A June 2021 report from the United Nations Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo raised concerns about the presence of semi-industrialized dredging operations 12 kilometers south of Bandegaido, within the Okapi Wildlife reserve. Mining took place within the Muchacha Ming Complex (MMC) which is covered by a permit from the official DRC Mining Cadastre, held by the Chinese businessman Kong Maohuai's MCC Resources. The company Kimia Mining Investment sarl was operating at the mine. Mining is illegal in the reserve, and FARDC troops were guarding the mining site, also in violation of Congolese law.

Later that month, the Congolese authorities announced the seizure of 31 kg of gold (about $1.9 million worth) from this Muchaha mine. As of 2022, non-governmental organizations such as the Council for Environmental Defense through Legality and Traceability (CODELT) and Alerte Congolaise pour l'Environnement et les Droits de l'Homme (ACEDH) blame mining operations for destroying pristine rainforest within the reserve.

Rebel attacks

On 24 June 2012, the Epulu Conservation and Research Center was attacked, looted and burned by a group of Mai-Mai rebels, led by Paul Sadala (alias Morgan) and consisting of elephant poachers and illegal miners. During the attack, 13 of the 14 okapis at the center were killed (the last died later of injuries sustained during the attack) and six people, including two wildlife rangers, were also killed. Many other locals, some minors, were abducted, but all were released later. In early August, the security situation had improved due to Congolese army troops and guards from the Congolese Wildlife Authority, and preparations for repairs of the center had begun. Following donations from around the world, it had been rebuilt a year after the attack.

On 14 July 2017, there was an attack in the section of the reserve near Mambasa, likely by Mai-Mai rebels. Foreign journalists (two British and an American) and several local park rangers escaped unharmed, but five local reserve employees (four wardens and a tracker) were killed. Several of the attackers were also killed.

See also
Centre National d'Appui au Développement et à la Participation populaire
Corneille Ewango
Okapi Conservation Project

References

Further reading

Susan Lyndaker Lindsey; Mary Neel Green; Cynthia L. Bennett (1999). The Okapi. University of Texas Press.

External links
 Government website: l'Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature (ICCN)
 UNESCO Okapi Wildlife Reserve Site
 UNEP-WCMC world Heritage site datasheet
 Blogs from the Rangers of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve
 Gilman International Conservation

World Heritage Sites in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Protected areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Protected areas established in 1992
Faunal reserves
1992 establishments in Zaire
Northeastern Congolian lowland forests

Okapi Wildlife Reserve


دوري أبطال أوروبا 2000–2001 هو الموسم السادس والأربعون من بطولة دوري أبطال أوروبا والموسم التاسع في نظامها الحديث. فاز بهذه النسخة نادي بايرن ميونخ الألماني على فالنسيا الإسباني بركلات الجزاء الترجيحية بعد انتهاء الوقتين الاصلي والإضافي بالتعادل بنتيجة 1-1. ليفوز النادي الألماني بلقبه الرابع في تاريخه في النهائي الذي أقيم على ملعب سان سيرو في ميلانو في إيطاليا.

الأدوار التمهيدية

الدور التمهيدي الأول

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الدور التمهيدي الثاني

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الدور التمهيدي الثالث

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دور المجموعات الأول

يلعب 16 فريقاً من الفائزين في الدور التمهيدي الثالث و10 فائزين بدورياتهم في الاتحادات المُصنفة من 1-10 وأصحاب المركز الثاني في دورياتهم في الاتحادات المُصنفة من 1-6 ما مجموعه 32 نادياً من 17 دولة يخوضون دوري المجموعات الأول في دوري أبطال أوروبا 2000–01 في ثمانية مجموعات. لُعبت ما بين 12 سبتمبر و8 نوفمبر 2000. لُعبت في ثمانية مجموعات وكل مجموعة تضم أربعة أندية. يتأهل المتصدر والوصيف من كل مجموعة إلى الدور القادم. بينما يتأهل صاحب المركز الثالث إلى الدور الثالث من كأس الاتحاد الأوروبي 2000-01. يخوض كلاً ديبورتيفو لا كورونيا، هامبورغ، هيرنفين، هلسنجبورج، ليدز يونايتد وليون وشاختار دونيتسك دور المجموعات للمرة الأولى في تاريخهم.

المجموعة A

المجموعة B

المجموعة C

المجموعة D

المجموعة E

المجموعة F

المجموعة G

المجموعة H

دور المجموعات الثاني

لُعبت مرحلة المجموعات الثانية في دوري أبطال أوروبا 2000–01 ما بين 21 نوفمبر 2000 و14 مارس 2001. 16 فريقاً متأهلين من دور المجموعات الأول يتنافسون في أربعة مجموعات بحيث تضم كل مجموعة أربعة فرق. لا يمكن لناديين من نفس البلد أن يتواجدان في نفس المجموعة. يتأهل المتصدر والوصيف من كل مجموعة إلى دور ربع النهائي.

المجموعة A

المجموعة B

المجموعة C

المجموعة D

مرحلة خروج المغلوب

الرسم البياني

ربع النهائي

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نصف النهائي

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النهائي

قائمة الهدافين
هذه قائمة هدافين بطولة دوري أبطال أوروبا 2000–01 مع استثناء الأدوار التمهيدية:

مراجع

كرة القدم الأوروبية في 2000–01
مواسم دوري أبطال أوروبا

دوري أبطال أوروبا 2000–01


STEMUp අධ්‍යාපනික පදනම (ඉංග්‍රීසි: STEMUP Educational Foundation) යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පිහිටි ලාභ නොලබන සංවිධානයකි. මෙම පදනම ආරම්භ කරනු ලැබුවේ සිසුන්ට ගුණාත්මක STEM අධ්‍යාපනය ලබා දීමෙන් රටේ අධ්‍යාපන ක්‍රමයේ වෙනසක් ඇති කිරීමේ දැක්මෙනි. එහි ලියාපදිංචි ස්වේච්ඡා සේවකයන් 1000 කට අධික සංඛ්‍යාවක් සමඟින් ක්‍රියාත්මක වේ. ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ස්වේච්ඡා සේවය තුළින් විශ්ව විද්‍යාල සිසුන් තම ප්‍රජාවන් තුළ සමාජ පරිවර්තනයේ නියෝජිතයන් වීමට පෙළඹවීම, බලගැන්වීම සහ බලමුලු ගැන්වීමට ඔවුහු උත්සාහ කරති. එය මුළුමනින්ම ක්‍රියාත්මක වන්නේ ස්වේච්ඡා පදනමක් මත ය. එයට දේශපාලන, ආගමික හෝ වාර්ගික බැඳීම් හෝ පක්ෂග්‍රාහී බවක් නැත.

ඉතිහාසය
STEMUp අධ්‍යාපනික පදනම යනු 2007 අංක 07 දරණ සමාගම් පනත යටතේ සංස්ථාගත කර 2016 ජනවාරි මාසයේදී පිහිටුවන ලද ලාභ නොලබන ආයතනයකි. ස්වෙච්චා සේවකයන් හතර දෙනෙකු සමඟ 2016 වසරේදී ආරම්භ කල මෙම පදනම සමඟ මේ වන විට ස්වෙච්චා සේවකයන් 1000 කට වැඩි පිරිසක් කටයුතු කරමින් සිටියි.

වැඩසටහන්

මයික්‍රෝබිට් සමුහය (Micro:bit Sri Lanka User Group)
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ග්‍රාමීය සහ නාගරික සිසුන්ට IoT අධ්‍යාපනය හඳුන්වා දීමට ආරම්භ කෙරුණු වැඩසටහනකි.

CoderDojo ශ්‍රී ලංකා (CoderDojo Sri Lanka)
ශ්‍රී ලංකාව පුරා විසිරි සිටින සිසුන්ට නොමිලේ පරිගණක කේතනය ආධි නව තාක්ෂණික දැනුම ලබා ගැනීමට ආරම්භ කල ව්‍යාපෘතියකි. දැනට ලංකාව පුරා තිබෙන නැණසල වැනි තොරතුරු තාක්ෂණය උගන්වන ආයතන, පොදු පුස්තකාල සහ ශ්‍රී ලංකා ටෙලිකොම් ආයතන පරිශ්‍ර තුල සති අන්තයේදී මෙම වැඩසටහන් පැවැත්වේ.

පොඩ්ඩන්ට Machine Learning (ML for Kids)
සිසුන්ට කුඩාකල සිටම Machine Learning සහ AI දැනුම ලබා දීම සඳහා ආරම්භ කල ව්‍යාපෘතියකි.

යොමුව

STEMUP අධ්‍යාපනික පදනම


Makrozamija (lat. Macrozamia), biljni rod porodice kijakovki (Zamiaceae) s četrdesetak vrsta australskih endema iz Queenslanda i Novog Južnog Walesa

Vrste

 Macrozamia cardiacensis P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia communis L.A.S.Johnson
 Macrozamia concinna D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia conferta D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst.
 Macrozamia cranei D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst.
 Macrozamia crassifolia P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia diplomera (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson
 Macrozamia douglasii W.Hill ex F.M.Bailey
 Macrozamia dyeri (F.Muell.) C.A.Gardner
 Macrozamia elegans K.D.Hill & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia fawcettii C.Moore
 Macrozamia fearnsidei D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia flexuosa C.Moore
 Macrozamia fraseri Miq.
 Macrozamia glaucophylla D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia heteromera C.Moore
 Macrozamia humilis D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia johnsonii D.L.Jones & K.D.Hill
 Macrozamia lomandroides D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia longispina P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia lucida L.A.S.Johnson
 Macrozamia macdonnellii (F.Muell. ex Miq.) A.DC.
 Macrozamia machinii P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia macleayi Miq.
 Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.
 Macrozamia montana K.D.Hill
 Macrozamia moorei F.Muell.
 Macrozamia mountperriensis F.M.Bailey
 Macrozamia occidua D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst.
 Macrozamia parcifolia P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi W.Hill & F.Muell.
 Macrozamia platyrhachis F.M.Bailey
 Macrozamia plurinervia (L.A.S.Johnson) D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia polymorpha D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia reducta K.D.Hill & D.L.Jones
 Macrozamia riedlei (Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner
 Macrozamia secunda C.Moore
 Macrozamia serpentina D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst.
 Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.
 Macrozamia stenomera L.A.S.Johnson
 Macrozamia viridis D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Kijakovke

Makrozamija


An Carex assiniboinensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni William Boott. An Carex assiniboinensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Carex

Carex assiniboinensis


Johann Karl Schleich (der Jüngere), auch Carl Schleich (* 1788 in Augsburg; † 1840 in München) war ein deutscher Kupferstecher.

Leben
Er war der Sohn des Augsburger Kupferstechers Johann Karl Schleich (1759–1842) und der Thekla Heßler. Bei seinem Vater erlernte er auch das Kupferstechen. Gemeinsam mit seinem Vater wurde er 1805 in das Topographische Bureau nach München berufen, wo er sich auf das Stechen von Landkarten spezialisierte. Gemeinsam mit seinem Vater arbeitete er auch an Adrian von Riedls Stromatlas von Baiern.

Am 19. August 1818 wurde er noch als 30-jähriger Student der Kupferstecherkunst unter der Nummer 469 ins Matrikelbuch der Münchner Königlichen Akademie der Bildenden Künste eingetragen.

Schleich scheint sich später auf das Stechen von Landschaftsmotiven spezialisiert zu haben.

Werke (Auswahl)
Liebfrauenmünster in Ingolstadt, Stahlstich, um 1840 (online)
Landschaft bei München, Radierung, 1810
Gegend in Oberbaiern, Radierung, um 1810
Heinrich Graf von Reigersberg (1770-1865), Kupferstich (online)
Franz Ludwig von Erthal, Fürstbischof von Würzburg, Kupferstich nach Rosalie Treu
Sammlung: Ansicht des Mineral-Bades Schäftlarn nach Johann Jakob Dorner – Landschaft mit Vieh und stehendem Hirten nach Max Josef Wagenbauer – Landschaft mit Vieh und sitzendem Hirten nach Wagenbauer – Bauernfamilie mit Vieh und melkender Magd in Landschaft – Flusslandschaft mit Gehöften im Hintergrund – Waldlandschaft mit Wanderern, Verlag Frauenholz, Nürnberg 1801
Höchste Spitze des Kreuzberges, Kupferstich, um 1816

Literatur
Felix Joseph von Lipowsky: Baierisches Künstler-Lexikon. Band 2. München 1810, Seite 74f. (online).
Georg Kaspar Nagler, Andreas Andresen, Carl Clauss: Die Monogrammisten. 1860, Seite 273 (Digitalisat).

Einzelnachweise

Kupferstecher (Deutschland)
Grafiker (München)
Deutscher
Geboren 1788
Gestorben 1840
Mann

Karl Schleich


La cuisine créole est un style de cuisine né à l'époque coloniale de la fusion des cultures européennes, africaines et américaines précolombiennes. « Créole » est un terme qui désigne les personnes d'origine européenne qui sont nées dans le Nouveau Monde et s'y sont adaptées (). Les créoles constituaient une classe sociale importante dans l'empire colonial français, l'empire portugais et l'empire espagnol principalement.

La cuisine créole est présente dans différentes régions du monde qui étaient autrefois des colonies européennes. On trouve de la nourriture créole en Louisiane, au Brésil, au Pérou, en Guyane, aux Antilles françaises, sur l'île de La Réunion), en Jamaïque, à Annobón (Guinée équatoriale), au Cap-Vert, en République dominicaine... Dans chaque région, la cuisine créole a été adaptée aux produits locaux (il n'y a donc pas de cuisine créole « unique »), mais elles ont certaines caractéristiques en commun :
 Association de produits très disparates dans un même plat (par rapport à la gastronomie européenne traditionnelle).
 Saveurs très épicées, mélanges de sucré et de salé, et préparations avec piquant.
 Techniques culinaires courantes relativement simples, telles que la friture ou le ragoût de viande. Les marinades sont également courantes. Les plats grillés sont rares.

De nombreux plats créoles sont nommés avec la terminaison , comme le  ou les . Ou simplement avec l'adjectif « créole », comme dans vinaigre créole ou chorizo créole. Aussi en français « à la créole » ou simplement « créole », comme dans le pâté créole.

Cuisines aux origines créoles
 Cuisine guyanaise
 Cuisine antillaise
 Cuisine réunionnaise
 Cuisine haïtienne
 Cuisine brésilienne
 Cuisine louisianaise
 Cuisine du Cap-Vert
 Cuisine mauricienne

Notes et références

Cuisine créole


Ten Years After are a British blues rock group, most popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Between 1968 and 1973, the band had eight consecutive Top 40 albums on the UK Albums Chart. In addition, they had twelve albums enter the US Billboard 200. They are best known for tracks such as "I'm Going Home", "Hear Me Calling", "I'd Love to Change the World" and "Love Like a Man".

History

Formation: 1962–1966

The band's core formed in late 1960 as Ivan Jay and the Jaycats. After several years of local success in the Nottingham/Mansfield area, they changed their name to the Jaybirds in 1962, and later to Ivan Jay and the Jaymen. Ivan Jay sang lead vocals from late 1960 to 1962 and was joined by Ric Lee in August 1965, replacing drummer Dave Quickmire who had replaced Pete Evans in 1962. Roy Cooper played rhythm guitar and sang from 1960 to 1962. The Jaybirds moved to London to back the Ivy League in 1966. In the same year, Chick Churchill joined the group as keyboard player. That November, the quartet signed a manager, Chris Wright, and changed their name to Blues Trip. Using the name Blues Yard they played one show at the Marquee Club supporting the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band. Alvin Lee and Leo Lyons again changed their name in 1966 to Ten Years After – in honour of Elvis Presley, one of Lee's idols. (This was ten years after Presley's successful year, 1956). Some sources claim that the name was pulled by Leo Lyons from a magazine, advertising a book, Suez Ten Years After (referring to the Suez Crisis).

Ten Years After: 1967–1974
The group was the first act booked by the soon-to-be Chrysalis Agency. They secured a residency at the Marquee, and were invited to play at the Windsor Jazz Festival in 1967. That performance led to a contract with Deram, a subsidiary of Decca – they were the first band without a hit single that Deram signed. In October 1967 they released the self-titled debut album Ten Years After. In 1968, after touring Scandinavia and the United States, they released a second LP, the live album Undead, with a first version of the noteworthy song "I'm Going Home". They followed this in February 1969 with the studio issue Stonedhenge, a British hit that included another well-known track, "Hear Me Calling", which was released as a single (and was covered by the British glam rock band Slade in 1972). In July 1969, the group appeared at the first instance of the Newport Jazz Festival that rock bands were invited to. On 26 and 27 July 1969, they appeared at the Seattle Pop Festival held at Gold Creek Park. On 17 August, the band performed a breakthrough American appearance at the Woodstock Festival; their rendition of "I'm Going Home" with Alvin Lee as lead singer/lead guitarist was featured in both the subsequent film and soundtrack album and increased the group's popularity.  In 1970, Ten Years After released "Love Like a Man", the group's only hit in the UK Singles Chart, where it peaked at #10. It was the first record issued with a different playing speed on each side: a three-minute edit at 45 rpm, and a nearly eight-minute live version at 33 rpm. The full studio version song appeared on the band's fifth album, their most successful in Britain, Cricklewood Green. In August 1970, they played the Strawberry Fields Festival near Toronto, and the Isle of Wight Festival 1970.

In 1971, the band switched labels to Columbia Records (US) and Chrysalis (UK) and released the hit album A Space in Time, which marked a move toward more commercial material. It featured the group's biggest hit, "I'd Love to Change the World". In late 1972, the group issued their second Columbia album Rock & Roll Music to the World and, in 1973, the live double album Ten Years After Recorded Live. The band broke up after their final 1974 Columbia album, Positive Vibrations.

Post-break-up, then reunion
In the second half of the 1970s and early 1980s, Alvin toured with a new band he called Ten Years Later.

The original Ten Years After reunited in 1983 to play the Reading Festival, and this performance was later released on CD as The Friday Rock Show Sessions – Live at Reading '83' .

In 1988, the members reunited for a few concerts and recorded the album About Time (1989) with producer Terry Manning in Memphis. They stayed together for their longest continuous period, until 2003, though without releasing new material. In 1994, they participated in the Eurowoodstock festival in Budapest.

In 2003, the other band members replaced Alvin Lee with Joe Gooch, and recorded the album Now. Material from the subsequent tour was used for the 2005 double album Roadworks. Alvin Lee mostly played and recorded under his own name following his split from the band. He died from complications during a routine medical procedure on 6 March 2013. Ric Lee is currently in a band called Ric Lee's Natural Born Swingers, along with Bob Hall. In January 2014, it was announced that Gooch and Lyons had left Ten Years After. Two months later, veteran bass player Colin Hodgkinson and singer/guitarist Marcus Bonfanti were announced as their replacements. In October 2017, the band released its most recent studio album, A Sting in the Tale.

Band members

Current members
 Chick Churchill – keyboards (1966–1974, 1983, 1988–present)
 Ric Lee – drums (1966–1974, 1983, 1988–present)
 Marcus Bonfanti – guitar, vocals, harmonica (2014–present)
 Colin Hodgkinson – bass (2014–present)

Former members
 Alvin Lee – guitar, vocals, harp (1966–1974, 1983, 1988–2003; died 2013)
 Leo Lyons – bass (1966–1974, 1983, 1988–2014)
 Joe Gooch – guitar, vocals (2003–2014)

Timeline

Discography

Ten Years After (1967)
Stonedhenge (1969)
Ssssh (1969)
Cricklewood Green (1970)
Watt (1970)
A Space in Time (1971)
Rock & Roll Music to the World (1972)
Positive Vibrations (1974)
About Time (1989)
Now (2004)
Evolution  (2008)
A Sting in the Tale  (2017)

References

Further reading
 The New Musical Express Book of Rock, Star Books, 1975. .

 Staehr, Herb (2001). Alvin Lee and Ten Years After: Visual History. Free Street Press.

External links

 The original Ten Years After website

1966 establishments in England
Chrysalis Records artists
Columbia Records artists
Decca Records artists
Deram Records artists
English blues rock musical groups
English hard rock musical groups
Musical groups from Nottingham
Musical groups disestablished in 1974
Musical groups established in 1966
Musical groups reestablished in 1988

Ten Years After


Meixian (, Hakka: Moiyen), formerly Meihsien, is a district of Meizhou City, in northeastern Guangdong Province, China. The county is an important Hakka settlement and is the ancestral home of many Hakka descendants living in Taiwan.

History
Its original name was Chengxiang county () during the southern Han Dynasty where it was first created, all the way to the Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties, and then renamed Jiaying county during the Qing dynasty. It only obtained the name Meixian in 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution.

Geography

Meixian almost completely surrounds Meizhou's central urban Meijiang District. This is due to the old urban core of Meixian becoming separated from the bulk of the county in the territorial reorganization following the 1949 establishment of the People's Republic of China, when it was given equal status.

Ethno-linguistic make-up

Meixian is noted for its large Hakka population.

Administrative divisions
Meixian has administrative jurisdiction over one subdistrict and 18 towns.

 Subdistrict
 Xincheng ()

 Towns
Chendong ()
Shisan ()
Meixi ()
Daping ()
Shikeng ()
Shuiche ()
Meinan ()
Bincun ()
Baidu ()
Songyuan ()
Longwen ()
Taoyao ()
Shejiang ()
Yanyang ()
Songkou ()
Nankou ()
Chengjiang ()
Fuda ()

Culture
With a majority Hakka population, Meixian, along with Dabu County, is known as the home of Standard Hakka.

References

External links

County-level divisions of Guangdong
Meizhou

Meixian District


An Arundinella grevillensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Bryan Kenneth Simon. An Arundinella grevillensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Arundinella, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Queensland. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Arundinella

Arundinella grevillensis


Japan Marine United Corporation (en Japonais: ジャパン マリンユナイテッド) (officieusement JMU) est une société japonaise d'ingénierie et de services maritimes de construction navale créée par la fusion d' et d'IHI Marine United le .

Son siège est à Yokohama au Japon.

C'est le deuxième constructeur naval du Japon après Imabari Shipbuilding, avec des chantiers navals dans les préfectures de Kure, Hiroshima, Yokohama, Nagasu, Kumamoto, Maizuru, Kyoto et Mie.

Les activités de JMU comprennent la conception, la fabrication, l'achat et la vente de navires marchands et de navires de guerre, l'ingénierie offshore et l'entretien des navires.

Historique
Le , l'entrepreneur britannique, Edward H. Hunter fonde la société Osaka Iron Works à Osaka pour développer au Japon l'industrie de fabrication de l'acier et la construction navale. Elle a pris le nom de Hitachi Zosen Corporation en . La société a été détachée de Hitachi, Ltd. en .

En , Asano Zaibatsu crée la société Nippon Kokan (NKK).

Les deux se sont unis et sont devenus Universal Shipbuilding Corporation en .

Le chantier naval d'Ishikawajima a été créé en 1853. Uraga Dock (Sumitomo Heavy Industries) a été créé en 1893. Les deux se sont unis et sont devenus IHI Marine United en 2002, faisant partie d'Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., rebaptisé plus tard IHI Corporation

Universal Shipbuilding Corporation et IHI Marine United Inc. se sont unis en  pour devenir Japan Marine United.

Le , JMU (avec 49 % des actions), associé à Imabari Shipbuilding (avec 51 % des actions) ont fondé une coentreprise nommée Nihon Shipyard couvrant tous les types de navires à l'exception des méthaniers. En parallèle, Imabari Shipbuilding a racheté 30% des actions de JMU. La coopération entre ces deux sociétés japonaises en fait l'une des plus grandes entreprises d'ingénierie marine et de construction navale au monde.

Secteurs d'activité
Portes-conteneurs, petroliers, vraquiers, méthaniers, transport de voitures, constructions maritimes telles que Plates-formes pétrolières, navires de soutien en mer, car ferry, navires militaires ainsi que de nombreux autres types.

Notes et références

Entreprise ayant son siège au Japon

Japan Marine United


Rumination may refer to:
 Rumination, the digestive process of ruminants
 Rumination syndrome, a chronic condition characterized by effortless regurgitation of most meals following consumption
 Deep thought or consideration
 Rumination (psychology), contemplation or reflection, which may become persistent and recurrent worrying or brooding
 Ruminations, an email column and series of books written by comedian Aaron Karo
 Ruminations (album), a 2016 album by American musician Conor Oberst

ia:Rumination

Rumination


An Eriocaulon zollingerianoides in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Z.X.Zhang. An Eriocaulon zollingerianoides in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eriocaulon, ngan familia nga Eriocaulaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Thailand. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eriocaulon

Eriocaulon zollingerianoides


Un director musical es una persona que dirige un grupo de músicos, ya sea instrumentistas, cantante, coro o combinación de personas que cumplirán alguna función al ejecutarse la obra musical.

En los tiempos modernos, se requieren directores musicales que se preocupen de las actividades relacionadas
con los conciertos y presentaciones de los grandes artistas, ya que las giras y distintos escenarios hacen la tarea más compleja que actuar en recintos cerrados, cuya acústica está perfeccionada y sus instalaciones son estables, confiables y seguras.

En el caso de las grabaciones discográficas se presentan exigencias adicionales y se deben tomar decisiones sobre los ruidos ambientales que podrían o no ser incluidos en la grabación. Se acostumbra llamar al director de orquesta, Maestro o Director musical, pero este último término tiene un concepto algo más amplio que el propio del director de orquesta, aun cuando también este debe realizar múltiples tareas previas a la presentación misma del grupo musical.

Véase también
 Director de orquesta

 director musical
Ocupaciones de radiodifusión

Director musical


Adet (običaj), jedno od zakonskih vrela osmanske države. Predstavlja običajno pravo koje se u islamskim državama primjenjivalo usporedno sa šerijatskim pravom. Ako šerijat i kanuni nisu točno uređivali stvari, adet je dopunjavao pisani zakonik. Zbog različite naravi odnosa po pokrajinama, adet je različit prema pokrajinama. Nemuslimanima je bilo dopušteno da za njih vrijede njihovi adeti, osim su bili u suprotnosti sa šerijatom i kanunima.

Izvori

Povijest prava
Osmansko Carstvo

Adet


Centerpartiet kan henvise til:

 Centerpartiet – svensk politisk parti
 Centerpartiet (Estland) – estisk politisk parti
 Centerpartiet (Finland) – finsk politisk parti
 Centerpartiet (Island) – islandsk politisk parti
 Centerpartiet (1932) – svensk politisk parti i 1930'erne
 Centerpartiet (Nauru) – politisk parti i Nauru
 Åländsk Center – politisk parti på Åland
 Senterpartiet – norsk politisk parti
 Zentrum – tysk katolsk politisk parti

Centerpartiet (flertydig)


وقعت مجزرة الدوايمة في 29 أكتوبر عام 1948 خلال عملية يواف، التي نفذتها القوات الصهيونية من كتيبة الكوماندوز رقم 89 التابعة للجيش الإسرائيلي. تألفت الكتيبة من جنود خدموا في منظمتي شتيرن والإرجون. وهم هاجموا قرية الدوايمة بقيادة موشيه دايان وزير الدفاع لاحقا، أثناء الحرب العربية الإسرائيلية. لم تواجه القوات هناك سوى مقاومة قليلة لكنها قامت بتنفيذ مذبحة بحق أبناء القرية.

قدّر بيني موريس عدد القتلى بمئات الأشخاص. وقال الجنرال جون باغوت غلوب، القائد البريطاني للجيش العربي الأردني، أن العدد المعلن للقتلى أقل بكثير من الأرقام الحقيقية، مشيراً إلى تقرير الأمم المتحدة عن مقتل 30 امرأة وطفل. وأفاد تقرير لاحق قدّمه وفد من مؤتمر اللاجئين العرب إلى الأمم المتحدة «أن الفيلق العربي كان له مصلحة في تقليل عدد قتلى المذبحة، التي كانت حسب زعمه أسوأ من مذبحة دير ياسين، وكان ذلك من أجل تجنب مزيد من الذعر وهروب اللاجئين.» قدّر مختار القرية حسن محمد هديب، الذي شاهد المجزرة بنفسه ونجا منها، عدد القتلى بـ 145 شخصا.

السياق التاريخي

في الحرب العالمية الأولى احتل البريطانيون فلسطين بعد نجاحهم في طرد العثمانيين. وأصبحت فلسطين رسمياً في عام 1922 تحت الانتداب البريطاني. استمر هذا الانتداب حتى عام 1948م، حيث أنهت بريطانيا انتدابها بهدف التمهيد لليهود من أجل إنشاء دولة خاصّة بهم، وهي دولة إسرائيل. تصاعدت الحرب في فلسطين، لكن تمكنت العصابات الصهيونية من الانتصار على العرب، وتمّ إعلان دولة إسرائيل على الأراضي الفلسطينيّة المحتلة. ارتكبت العصابات الصهيونية عشرات المجازر ضد الشعب الفلسطيني، تلا ذلك الطرد القسري لأكثر من ثلثي الشعب الفلسطيني من وطنه، وتدمير المئات من قراه.

موقع القرية وعدد سكانها
تقع قرية الدوايمة على بعد حوالي 25 كم غربي مدينة الخليل وتحدها من الشمال بلدة بيت جبرين ومن الشمال الغربي قرية القبيبة ومن الجنوب والجنوب الشرقي بلدة دورا وخربها ومن الغرب منطقة بير السبع.

قدر عدد سكانها عام 1922م 2441 نسمة وازداد عدد سكانها إلى 3710 نسمات عام 1945. وفي عام 1948 م ارتفع عددهم إلى 4304 نسمة.

تفاصيل المجزرة
في ظهيرة يوم جمعة التاسع والعشرين من تشرين الأول 1948، هاجمت كتيبة الكوماندوز 89 التي تألفت من أفراد عصابتي شتيرن والإرجون الصهيوينة قرية الدوايمة بقيادة موشيه دايان.

وسبق الهجوم قيام العصابات الصهيونية بالاحتشاد في قرية القبيبة منذ يوم الخميس 27 تشرين الأول، وحتى قبيل ظهيرة اليوم التالي. ثم اتجهت القوات شرقا إلى الدوايمة وبدأت هجومها على القرية من جهتها الغربية، ثم توزعت المصفحات وحاصرت القرية من الجهات كافة عدا الجانب الشرقي لدفع سكانها إلى مغادرة القرية تجاه إذنا وخرب قرية دورة القريبة. ثم بدأت عملية إطلاق النار،
وقام المستوطنون الصهاينة بتفتيش المنازل واحداً واحداً وقتلوا كل من وجدوه بها رجلاً أو امرأة أو طفلاً، كما نسفوا منزل مختار القرية. إلا أن أكثر الوقائع فظاعة كان قتل 75 شيخاً مسناً لجؤوا إلى مسجد القرية في صباح اليوم التالي وإبادة 35 عائلة فلسطينية كانت في إحدى المغارات تم حصدهم بنيران المدافع الرشاشة. وبينما تسلل بعض الأهالي لمنازلهم ثانية للنزول بالطعام والملابس جرى اصطيادهم وإبادتهم ونسف عدد من البيوت بمن فيها.

النتيجة
تمكنت القوات الصهيونية من احتلال القرية بيتاً بيتا، ثم ارتكبوا مجزرة قتل فيها بحق أهاليها بمن فيهم الأطفال والنساء والشيوخ.
ثم جمعوا الجثث ودفنوها في قبور جماعية. وقد أصدرت إسرائيل أوامرها للتعتيم على المجزرة، ومنعت التحقيق فيها. فظلت تفاصيل وقائع المجزرة طي الكتمان إلى أن كشفت مراسلة صحيفة حداشوت الصهيونية خلال شهر سبتمبر عام 1984م تحقيقاً عنها، أي بعد نحو 36 سنة من حدوثها، وتطرقت فيها إلى تفاصيل المجزرة من خلال مقابلات التي اجرتها مع مختار القرية آنذاك، وقائد الفصيل في الوحدة المهاجمة، و«يعقوب اهروني» مسؤول المتفجرات في الكتيبة وآخرين.

وقال أحد قدامى السرية عن عدد الضحايا: «وفيما تشير تحقيقات الأمم المتحدة لوقوع مجزرة، إلا أن المراقبين عجزوا عن تحديد عدد ضحاياها، ولكن من المرجح أن 300 من المدنيين ذبحوا في البلدة».

أقام الصهاينة مستوطنة أماتسيا على أراضي قرية الدوايمة الفلسطينية المدمرة في عام 1955م.

مراجع

فلسطين في 1949
أحداث أكتوبر 1948
اغتصاب في الحرب
النكبة
إرهاب صهيوني
تاريخ اللاجئين الفلسطينيين
حرب 1948
قتل جماعي في 1948
مجازر إسرائيلية
مذابح حدثت أثناء الانتداب البريطاني على فلسطين
مذابح ضد الفلسطينيين
مذابح في إسرائيل
مذابح في عقد 1940
الدوايمة
أحداث أكتوبر 1948 في آسيا

مذبحة الدوايمة


المنتزه الوطني الحسيمة هو منتزه وطني مغربي، يوجد في إقليم الحسيمة في جهة طنجة تطوان الحسيمة شمال المغرب. يمتد المنتزه على مساحة 460 48 هكتارا، منها 000 19 هكتار في المجال البحري. تحده جنوبا الطريق الوطنية رقم 16، المعروفة بالمدار المتوسطي. يعتبر منتزه الحسيمة أكبر محمية طبيعية في الساحل المتوسطي المغربي، ويتميز بوسط طبيعي ظل محميا من الاستغلال البشري، عبر التاريخ، سمته المورفولوجية الأساسية هي التضاريس الجبلية الريفية و الأجراف الساحلية. على مستوى الثروة الحيوانية، تعرف محمية الحسيمة باحتضانها للأسماك الراقية (الدلفين الأزرق والأبيض)، إضافة ل 69 نوعا من الطيور.

الخصائص الجغرافية
يقع المنتزه غرب مدينة الحسيمة، على مسافة 150 كلم شرق مضيق جبل طارق، في المجال التاريخي لقبائل بقيوة الريفية. السلسلة الجبلية التي تغطي الجزء البري للمنتزه تمتد على مسافة 40 كلم، بالموازاة مع البحر، وتلتقي مع الساحل في صورة أجراف يصل علو بعضها إلى 700 متر.

مناخ المنطقة متوسطي، و بسبب القرب من الساحل تتميز منطقة المنتزه بالرطوبة طيلة السنة. و تتسع كثافة الغطاء النباتي للمنتزه في اتجاه الغرب، أي في المناطق التي تعرف نشاطا بشريا أقل.

الثروة الحيوانية
يحتضن المنتزه مجموعة من الأحياء البحرية والبرية كاللاسعات والديدان المقسمة والرخويات والقشريات وشوكيات الجلد.
تعتبر محمية الحسيمة إحدى آخر معاقل العقاب النساري في حوض البحر الأبيض المتوسط؛ و تحتضن مياهها ثلاثة أنواع من الدلافين، الأزرق الأبيض والكبير والعادي، إضافة إلى فقمة الراهب المتوسطية، المهددة بالانقراض، والتي تتخذ ملجأ لها في المغارات الساحلية الموجودة بالمحمية.

الثروة النباتية

تم إحصاء 110 نوعا نباتيا في مجال المحمية، من أهمها:
 العفص
 الصنوبر الحلبي
 البطم العدسي
 الزيتونيات: و خصوصا الزيتونيات المتوحشة
 الخروب
 السنديان القرمزي
 السنديان الأخضر
 النخل القزم
 السدر الجبلي

أنشطة بشرية
يتميز المنتزه الوطني للحسيمة بأنشطة إنسانية محدودة كزراعات الحبوب، وأشجار اللوز، في مساحات محدودة، إضافة إلى الرعي الجبلي والصيد الساحلي التقليدي. يضم مجال المنتزه أيضا مآثر تاريخية كبعض الأضرحة المحاطة بحدائق، ويعرف بفضل خصائصه الجمالية تناميا لنشاط السياحة البيئية.

وصلات خارجية
 صفحة المنتزه بالموقع الرسمي للمندوبية السامية للمياه والغابات

مراجع

جبال الريف
جهة تازة الحسيمة تاونات
حدائق وطنية في المغرب
مناطق محمية حسب الاتحاد العالمي لحفظ الطبيعة تصنيف II
مناطق محمية أسست في 1942
جغرافيا جهة طنجة تطوان الحسيمة
تأسيسات سنة 1942 في المغرب

المنتزه الوطني للحسيمة


Dio-Gare es una localidad y comuna del círculo de Kati, región de Kulikoró, Malí. Su población era de 8.161 habitantes en 2009.

Referencias

Localidades de Kulikoró

Dio-Gare


Stenomorphus es un  género de coleópteros adéfagos de la familia Carabidae.

Especies
Comprende las siguientes especies:

 Stenomorphus angustatus Dejean, 1831
 Stenomorphus californicus (Menetries, 1843)
 Stenomorphus convexior Notman, 1922
 Stenomorphus cubanus Darlington, 1937
 Stenomorphus penicillatus Darlington, 1936
 Stenomorphus sinaloae Darlington, 1936

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Stenomorphus en ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Harpalina

Stenomorphus


أسامة حسين سلطان عبد الله ، من مواليد 11 أغسطس 1970، لاعب كرة قدم كويتي سابق.

عن حياته
بدأ مسيرته الكروية مع نادي العربي الكويتي في عام 1986 ، ولعب معهم حتى 30 مايو 2002 ، وقد حقق معهم العديد من الإنجازات، حيث فاز بلقب الدوري الكويتي خمسة مرات، وفاز بلقب كأس الأمير أربعة مرات، وفاز بلقب كأس ولي العهد أربعة مرات.

لعب مع منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم منذ عام 1990 وحتى عام 2001 ، وقد استدعاه المدرب لويس فيليب سكولاري إلى المنتخب في عام 1990 لخوض بطولة كأس الخليج 1990، وقد لعب مع منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم 95 مباراة دولية، وقد حقق معهم العديد من الإنجازات، ففاز بكأس الخليج ثلاثة مرات في أعوام 1990 و1996 و1998.

إنجازاته

مع النادي
 كأس الأمير (أربعة مرات) : كأس الأمير 1991/1992 وكأس الأمير 1995/1996 وكأس الأمير 1998/1999 وكأس الأمير 1999/2000.
 الدوري الكويتي (خمسة مرات) : الدوري الكويتي 1987/1988 والدوري الكويتي 1988/1989 والدوري الكويتي 1992/1993 والدوري الكويتي 1996/1997 والدوري الكويتي 2001/2002.
 كأس ولي العهد (أربعة مرات) : كأس ولي العهد 1995/1996 وكأس ولي العهد 1996/1997 وكأس ولي العهد 1998/1999 وكأس ولي العهد 1999/2000.

مع المنتخب
 كأس الخليج (ثلاث مرات) : كأس الخليج 1990 وكأس الخليج 1996 وكأس الخليج 1998.

بعد الاعتزال
 يتولى حاليا مهمة مدير منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم.

المصدر
مقابلة مع أسامة حسين

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية كويتيون
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
لاعبو الدوري الكويتي
لاعبو النادي العربي (الكويت)
لاعبو كرة قدم في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1992
لاعبو كرة قدم في دورة الألعاب الآسيوية 1990
لاعبو كرة قدم كويتيون
لاعبو كرة قدم كويتيون أولمبيون
لاعبو منتخب الكويت لكرة القدم
منافسون في الألعاب الآسيوية من الكويت
مواليد 1390 هـ
مواليد 1970
مواليد 1971
مواليد في الكويت

أسامة حسين


FIA Formula 2 prvenstvo je klasa jednosjeda u automobilizmu koju je odobrila Međunarodna automobilistička federacija.

Tehničke specifikacije
Sve momčadi koriste Dallarinu šasiju od karbonsko - aluminijske strukture i 4,0-litreni atmosferski V8 Mecachrome motor snage 612 KS. Mjenjač koji koriste momčadi je Hewlandov sekvencijalni mjenjač sa šest brzina koji je longitudinalno postavljen.

Duljina bolida je 5065 mm, širina 1800 mm, dok visina iznosi 1072 mm uključujući FOM kameru. Međuosovinski razmak iznosi 3120 mm, a minimalna težina s vozačem mora biti 688 kg. Kočnice koje se koriste u Formuli 2 su Brembo kočiona kliješta sa šest klipova i Hitco carbon - carbon kočioni diskovi i pločice. Spremnik goriva ima kapacitet od 125 litara, a gume su Pirellijeve.

Sustav bodovanja
Bodovi su utemeljeni na FIA-inom sistemu kojeg koristi većina serija, uključujući i Formulu 1. Iznimka leži u tome da se dodjeljuju bodovi i za prvo startno mjesto u glavnoj utrci i za najbrži krug u obje utrke. Da bi dobio bodove za najbrži krug vozač mora završiti unutar top 10. Ako je najbrži krug postavio netko tko je završio na 11. mjestu ili niže – onda će bodove umjesto njega dobiti tko god je imao najbrži krug od najbolje desetorke. Taj sustav postoji kako bi se onemogućilo taktičko nadmudrivanje vozača koji nemaju što izgubiti i onda u završnici pokušaju otići po nove gume samo zbog najbržeg kruga. Sprint utrka nema bodove za devetog i desetog u cilju. Ako vozač na tim pozicijama ima najbrži krug svejedno će dobiti dva boda. Ipak, ako vozač u suhoj sprint utrci promijeni gume u boksu, više nije u utrci za najbrži krug.

Prva utrka

Sprint utrka

Staze

Sezone

2017.
Prva sezona FIA Formula 2 prvenstva vozila se od 5. travnja do 26. studenog, a sadržavala je 11 runda, s po dvije utrke na svakoj rundi. Natjecalo se 10 momčadi, a ukupno je 29 vozača odvozilo barem jednu rundu, odnosno dvije utrke ove sezone. Od 11 momčadi koliko ih se natjecalo u GP2 prvenstvu 2016., jedino momčad Carlin nije bila prisutna u prvoj sezoni Formule 2. Od vozača su, između ostalih, nastupali i GP3 prvak iz 2016. - Charles Leclerc, GP3 viceprvak iz 2016. - Alexander Albon, Artjom Markelov koji se u GP2 prvenstvu natjecao od 2014., te Oliver Rowland i Nicholas Latifi koji su iza sebe imali dvije sezone u GP2 natjecanju.

Ukupno je 10 vozača upisalo pobjede u ovoj sezoni F2, a prvi kojem je to pošlo za rukom je bio Artjom Markelov, koji je pobijedio na prvoj utrci na Sakhiru. Markelov je do kraja sezone upisao još četiri pobjede (Red Bull Ring, Spa-Francorchamps, Jerez, Yas Marina) i s ukupno 210 bodova osvojio drugo mjesto u poretku vozača. Charles Leclerc je pobijedio na ukupno sedam utrka (Sakhir, Barcelona, Baku, Red Bull Ring, Silverstone, Jerez i Yas Marina), te s 282 boda osvojio naslov prvaka. Treće mjesto u ukupnom poretku je osvojio Oliver Rowland s dvije pobjede u Monaku i Hungaroringu. Jednak broj pobjeda ostvario je i Nobuharu Matsushita, koji je sezonu završio na šestom mjestu. Po jednom su pobjeđivali: Luca Ghiotto, Nicholas Latifi, Nyck de Vries, Antonio Fuoco, Norman Nato i Sérgio Sette Câmara.

Kod momčadi naslov je osvojio Russian Time sa šest pobjeda i 395 bodova. Drugoplasirana Prema Racing pobijedila je na osam utrka, no osvojila je 15 bodova manje od Russian Timea. Trećeplasirana francuska momčad DAMS pobijedila je na tri utrke, a još jedna francuska momčad ART Grand Prix na dvije utrke. Po jednu pobjedu upisali su momčadi: Rapax, MP Motorsport i Pertamina Arden.

2018.

Druga sezona FIA Formula 2 prvenstva, donijela je nekoliko promjena kod momčadi. Španjolska momčad Racing Engineering i talijanska momčad Rapax Team, povukle su se iz natjecanja na kraju 2017. Umjesto njih natjecanju je pristupila nova češka momčad Charouz Racing System, te povratnik iz GP2 prvenstva Carlin Motorsport. Nakon osvajanja naslova u GP3 prvenstvu, George Russell je debitirao ove sezone za francusku momčad ART Grad Prix, dok je Lando Norris odvozio svoju prvu punu sezonu u Formuli 2.

Sezona se sastojala od 12 rundu, gdje su se vozile po dvije utrke na svakoj rundi. Pobjednik prve utrke na Sakhiru bio je Lando Norris, kojemu je to bila ujedno i jedina pobjeda u Formuli 2. George Russell je pobijedio na ukupno sedam utrka (Baku, Barcelona, Paul Ricard, Red Bull Ring, Monza, Soči i Yas Marina), te s 287 bodova osvojio naslov prvaka ispred Norrisa. Trećeplasirani Alexander Albon pobijedio je na četiri utrke i osvojio 219 bodova, dok su četvrtoplasirani Nyck de Vries i petoplasirani Artjom Markelov upisali svaki po tri pobjede u ovoj sezoni. Antonio Fuoco je pobijedio dva puta, dok su po jednu pobjedu upisali Nicholas Latifi, Jack Aitken, Tadasuke Makino i Maximilian Günther.

Sérgio Sette Câmara i Lando Norris donijeli su Carlinu naslov momčadskog prvaka, dok je naslov viceprvaka pripao ART-u Georgea Russella i Jacka Aitkena.

2019.

2020.

2021.

Prvaci

Vozači

Momčadi

Pobjednici

Vozači

Momčadi

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
FIA Formula 2 Championship

Formula 2

FIA Formula 2 prvenstvo


Pelitbükü, Samsun ilinin Alaçam ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Mahallenin adı, 1485 yılı kayıtlarında Pelidbükü olarak geçmektedir. Pelitbükü; daha önceleri bir köy iken, 12 Kasım 2012'de TBMM'de kabul edilen 6360 sayılı kanun ile mahalle oldu.

Coğrafya
Mahalle, Samsun il merkezine 111 km, Alaçam ilçe merkezine 31 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Alaçam'ın mahalleleri

Pelitbükü, Alaçam


الاتحاد الدولي للاتصالات أو الاتحاد الدولي للمواصلات السلكية واللاسلكية  هو ثاني أقدم تنظيم عالمي ما زال موجودًا (الأقدم كان -اللجنة المركزية للملاحة في نهر الراين-) يعمل على تقييس وضبط الراديو والاتصال عن بعد، وجدت في بادئ الأمر باسم «الاتحاد الدولي للتلغراف» بباريس في 17 أيار 1865، مهمتها الرئيسية تضمين التقييس، تقسيم طيف الراديو، وتنظيم ترتيب وصل المشتركين بالشبكة العامة بين الدول المختلفة للسماح بالمكالمات الهاتفية الدولية، أخذا بعين الاعتبار تنفيذ الاتصال عن بعد كوظيفة مشابهة للوظيفة التي يقوم بها التحاد البريدي العام UPU لإنجاز الخدمات البريدية.

وهي واحدة من الوكالات الخاصة (specialized agencies) التابعة للأمم المتحدة. يقع المركز الرئيسي للاتحاد في جنيف بسويسرا بجانب مقر الأمم المتحدة هناك.

التركيب
يتألف الـ ITU من ثلاث دوائر:
 دائرة تقييس الاتصالات عن بعد (ITU-T)
 دائرة الاتصال الراديوي (ITU-R)
 دائرة تطوير الاتصالات عن بعد (ITU-D)

القيادة
يترأس الـ ITU أمين عام يُنتخب لأربعة أعوام بواسطة الأعضاء في المؤتمر المطلق الصلاحية (plenipotentiary conference). في المؤتمر السابع عشر في انطاليا، تركيا قام أعضاء الـ ITU بانتخاب حامادون توره (Dr. Hamadoun Touré) من مالي كأمين عام للاتحاد.

الأعضاء

عمل الـ ITU مقاد من خلال أعضائه. وكجزء من هيكلة الأمم المتحدة، يمكن لبلد ما أن تكون عضوا وفي هذه الحالة يشار إليها بـ (Member State)، الشركات والمنظمات يمكن أن تأخذ لنفسها صفًا آخر من العضوية وفي هذه الحالة تسمى (Sector Member or Associate) يسمح للشركات والمنظمات المشاركة المباشرة بتطوير المعايير (وهو شيء غير موجود مثلا في منظمات أخرى كالـ ISO)

الأعضاء غالبا ما يكونون من الأعضاء في الأمم المتحدة أيضا بالإضافة إلى دولة الفاتيكان. إلى حد الآن فقط دولتي بالو وتيمور الشرقية ليسا منتسبين.

مؤشر النضج التنظيمي الرقمي
أعلن الاتحاد الدولي للاتصالات في عام 2021م عن تصنيف المملكة في أعلى مستويات «مؤشر النضج التنظيمي الرقمي» لمنظمي الاتصالات حول العالم «المستوى الخامس»، عقب نجاحها في بناء إطار تنظيمي مستدام ومتجانس والتحول نحو التنظيم التعاوني، لتكون في المرتبة الأولى بالشرق الأوسط وأفريقيا، وفي المرتبة التاسعة بين دول مجموعة العشرين.

وأشار الاتحاد الدولي للإتصالات إلى أن معايير تصنيف النضج التنظيمي لهيئات ومنظمات قطاع الاتصالات وتقنية المعلومات في العالم تتمحور حول قياس مدى تطور القطاع ومواكبة تنظيماته للمستجدات الرقمية ومدى التعاون الحكومي، بالإضافة للجوانب المتعلقة بالخدمات المقدمة للمشتركين والبيئة الإستثمارية لمقدمي الخدمات، والأسلوب التنظيمي لمنظم القطاع، عبر إعتماد 50 معياراً لتصنيف منظمي قطاع الاتصالات حول العالم وتقسيمها إلى عدة مستويات أعلاها «المستوى الخامس» الذي يضم الدول ذات التنظيم التعاوني بين المنظمين من قطاع الاتصالات وتقنية المعلومات والقطاعات الأخرى لدفع عجلة التحول الرقمي، فيما يصنف الاتحاد المستوى الأول كحد أدني لمنظمي القطاع في الدول ذات أسواق الاتصالات المحتكرة.

انظر أيضًا
 مناطق الاتحاد الدولي للاتصالات

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي

اتصالات
فجوة إلكترونية
مجموعة الأمم المتحدة الإنمائية
منظمات الأمم المتحدة مقرها في جنيف
منظمات إذاعية
منظمات أسست في 1865
منظمات حكومية دولية
منظمات حوكمة الإنترنت
منظمات دولية
هيئات الأمم المتحدة

الاتحاد الدولي للاتصالات


The Irish Guards (IG) is one of the Foot Guards regiments of the British Army and is part of the Guards Division. Together with the Royal Irish Regiment, it is one of the two Irish infantry regiments in the British Army. The regiment has participated in campaigns in the First World War, the Second World War, the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan as well as numerous other operations throughout its history. The Irish Guards claim six Victoria Cross recipients, four from the First World War and two from the Second World War.

History

The Irish Guards were formed on 1 April 1900 by order of Queen Victoria to commemorate the Irishmen who fought in the Second Boer War for the British Empire.

First World War

Following the outbreak of the First World War, 1st Battalion Irish Guards was deployed to France almost immediately, and they remained on the Western Front for the duration of the war. During the early part of the war, the Battalion took part in the Battle of Mons and formed the Allied rearguard during the Great Retreat. The Battalion then took part in one of the bloodiest battles of 1914, the First Battle of Ypres, which began on 19 October, inflicting major casualties among the old Regular Army.

The 1st Battalion was involved in fighting for the duration of 'First Ypres', at Langemarck, Gheluvelt and Nonne Bosschen. The 1st Battalion suffered huge casualties between 1–8 November holding the line against near defeat by German forces, while defending Klein Zillebeke.

In May 1915, the 1st Battalion took part in the Battle of Festubert, though did not see much action. Two further battalions were formed for the regiment in July. In September that year, all three battalions took part in the Battle of Loos, which lasted from 25 September until early October.

The Irish Guards went into action again on 1 July 1916 when the Battle of the Somme began. The 1st Battalion took part in an action at Flers–Courcelette where they suffered severe casualties in the attack in the face of withering fire from the German machine-guns. The Battalion also took part in the action at Morval before they were relieved by the 2nd Battalion.

In 1917 the Irish Guards took part in the Battle of Pilckem which began on 31 July during the Third Battle of Ypres. The Irish Guards also took part in the Battle of Cambrai that year. In 1918 the regiment fought in a number of engagements during the Second Battle of the Somme, including at Arras and Albert. The regiment then went on to take part in a number of battles during the British offensives against the Hindenburg Line. On 11 November 1918 the Armistice with Germany was signed. The 1st Battalion was at Maubeuge when the Armistice was signed.

The regiment's continued existence was threatened briefly when Winston Churchill, who served as Secretary of State for War between 1919 and 1921, sought the elimination of the Irish Guards and Welsh Guards as an economy measure. This proposal, however, did not find favour in government or army circles and was dropped. Between the wars, the regiment was deployed at various times to Turkey, Gibraltar, Egypt and Palestine.

Second World War

During the Second World War, the regiment fought in Norway, France, North Africa, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands and Germany. The regiment first saw combat during the Norwegian Campaign. Following a challenging sea voyage to Norway, the 1st Battalion arrived in May 1940 and fought for two days at the town of Pothus before they were forced to retreat. The Irish Guards conducted a fighting withdrawal and served as the Allied rearguard.

The Battalion was evacuated along with the rest of the expeditionary force in June. While the 1st Battalion was fighting in Norway, the 2nd Battalion was deployed to the Hook of Holland to cover the evacuation of the Dutch Royal Family and Government in May 1940. The 2nd Battalion was then deployed to France and ordered to defend the port of Boulogne. The guardsmen held out against overwhelming odds for three days, buying valuable time for the Dunkirk Evacuation, before they were evacuated themselves. In November 1942, during the Second World War, Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg joined the British Army as a volunteer in the Irish Guards.

In March 1943 the 1st Battalion landed, with the rest of the 24th Guards Brigade, in Tunisia, to fight in the final stages of the campaign in North Africa. The Battalion saw extensive action while fighting through Tunisia and was subsequently deployed to the Italian Front in December of that year. The Battalion took part in the Anzio landings on 22 January 1944. They also participated in the fierce fighting around the Allied beachhead and suffered severe casualties fighting off a German counterattack at Campoleone after which the depleted battalion was returned to the UK in April.

The Irish Guards returned to France in June 1944 when the 2nd and 3rd Battalions took part in the Normandy Campaign. Both battalions served as part of the Guards Armoured Division and took part in the attempt to capture Caen as part of Operation Goodwood. They also saw action in the Mont Pincon area. On 29 August, the 3rd Battalion crossed the Seine and began the advance into Belgium with the rest of the Guards Armoured Division towards Brussels.

The Irish Guards were part of the ground force of Operation Market Garden, 'Market' being the airborne assault and 'Garden' the ground attack. The Irish Guards led the vanguard of XXX Corps in their advance towards Arnhem, which was the objective of the British 1st Airborne Division, furthest from XXX Corps' start line. The Corps crossed the Belgian-Dutch border, advancing from Neerpelt on 17 September but the Irish Guards encountered heavy resistance which slowed the advance. Following the conclusion of Market Garden, the Irish Guards remained in the Netherlands until taking part in the Allied advance into Germany and seeing heavy action during the Rhineland Campaign with Guardsman Edward Charlton earning the final Victoria Cross to be awarded in the European theatre.

1945 – 2019

After the war, the regiment was reduced to a single battalion, with the 2nd Battalion being placed in suspended animation and the 3rd Battalion being disbanded. In 1947, the 1st Battalion deployed to Palestine to perform internal security duties there. It was then posted to the Suez Canal Zone in Egypt, remaining there until the British withdrawal in 1956. The regiment continued to serve in troubled regions such as Cyprus and Aden throughout the 1950s and 1960s. During this time they were also part of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) in Germany on a number of occasions. They also served as the garrison of Hong Kong from 1970 to 1972.

The Irish Guards were one of the few regiments in the British Army initially exempt from service in Northern Ireland during The Troubles. However, a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) bomb blasted a bus carrying members of the regiment band to Chelsea Barracks in October 1981. 39 people (23 soldiers and 16 others) were wounded and two civilians were killed. 1992 saw the regiment finally carry out its first tour-of-duty in Northern Ireland, based in County Fermanagh.

The Irish Guards were involved in the Balkans Conflicts when they were deployed to Macedonia and Kosovo in 1999 and were the first British unit to enter the Kosovan capital city of Pristina on 12 June. The regiment played a significant role in the initial stages of the Iraq War as part of the 7th Armoured Brigade and they led the British advance into Basra in March 2003. The Irish Guards deployed to Iraq on Operation Telic 10 in 2007. In 2010, the regiment deployed on their first tour of duty to Afghanistan. Number 2 Company deployed to Afghanistan in 2013 as a Brigade Operations Company.

In 2014 the entire regiment deployed to Cyprus to patrol the buffer zone as part of Operation Tosca 20. Following the Manchester Arena bombing, the Irish Guards were deployed in London to guard key locations, including the Ministry of Defence building in Whitehall, as part of Operation Temperer. Later that year Number 1 Company deployed to the Falkland Islands as the Roulement Infantry Company while Number 2 Company deployed to Thailand on an overseas training exercise where they worked alongside the Thai Army.

2019 – 2020
December 2019 saw the Irish Guards deploy on two operations concurrently. Number 1 Company deployed to South Sudan on Operation Trenton and the rest of the Battalion deployed to Iraq on Operation Shader, training Iraqi Security Forces in the mission to defeat Daesh. However, the deployment rapidly changed in January 2020 with the escalation of the 2019–20 Persian Gulf crisis following the American strike on Major General Qasem Soleimani. The Irish Guards' mission changed from training to force protection in order to protect British assets in Iraq from possible retaliation by Iran. Eventual de-escalation saw the Irish Guards resume their original mission.

Current role and organisation
In the light infantry role the 1st Battalion comprised five companies; Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 Companies, and the Headquarters Company.  Following the Integrated Review and after the Queen's Birthday Parade 2022, 1st Battalion took on the security force assistance role for 4 years. With a much-reduced establishment, this role required a substantial readjustment to the battalion. Concurrently, the Irish Guards raised two public duties incremental companies (PDICs).  These are Numbers 9 and 12 Companies, Public Duties Incremental Companies, taking on Irish Guardsmen fresh out of the Infantry Training Centre before the young soldiers progress to the 1st Battalion.  Nos. 9 and 12 Company carry on the customs and traditions of the former 2nd Battalion, Irish Guards.  Finally there is Number 15 (Loos) Company in the Army Reserve, based at Flodden Road, London.

Recruitment
The regiment recruits in Northern Ireland and among residents of Irish extraction in mainland Britain. Although restrictions in Ireland's Defence Act make it illegal to induce, procure or persuade enlistment of any citizen of Ireland into the military of another state, people from the Republic do frequently enlist in the Regiment.

Uniform

Like the other Foot Guards regiments, the "Home Service Dress" of the Irish Guards is a scarlet tunic and bearskin. Buttons are worn in fours, reflecting the regiment's position as the fourth most senior Guards regiment, and the collar is adorned with embroided shamrock. They also sport a St. Patrick's blue hackle (plume) on the right side of the bearskin.  A plume of St Patrick's blue was selected because blue is the colour of the mantle and sash of the Order of St Patrick, a chivalric order, founded by George III of the United Kingdom for the Kingdom of Ireland in February 1783 from which the regiment also draws its cap star and motto.  The Irish Guards pipers wear saffron kilts, green hose with saffron flashes and heavy black shoes known as brogues with no spats, a rifle green doublet with buttons in fours and a hat known as a caubeen.The regimental capstar is worn over the piper's right eye and is topped by a blue hackle. A green cloak with four silver buttons is worn over the shoulders and is secured by two green straps that cross over the chest.

In "Walking-out Dress", the Irish Guards can be identified by the green band on their forage caps. Officers also traditionally carry a blackthorn cane.

Like the other Guards regiments, they wear a khaki beret with the blue/red/blue Household Division backing patch on it. On the beret, ranks from Guardsman to Lance Sergeant wear a brass or staybrite cap badge, Sergeants and Colour Sergeants wear a bi-metal cap badge, Warrant Officers wear a silver plate gilt and enamel cap badge and commissioned officers of the regiment wear an embroidered cap badge.

Prince William, who was then Colonel of the Irish Guards, wore the uniform of the Irish Guards at his wedding to Catherine Middleton.

Motto
The regiment takes its motto, Quis Separabit?, or "Who shall separate us?" from the Order of St Patrick.

Nickname
The Irish Guards are known throughout the British Army as "the Micks" or "Fighting Micks." An earlier nickname, "Bob's Own", after Field Marshal Lord Roberts has fallen into disuse. The term "Mick" is an offensive term for a person of Irish descent; however it is proudly used internally within the regiment and has no negative connotation when referring to the Irish Guards.

Training

Recruits to the Guards Division go through a thirty-week training programme at the Infantry Training Centre (ITC). The training is two weeks more than the training for the Regular infantry regiments of the British Army; the extra training, carried out throughout the course, is devoted to drill and ceremonies.

Mascot

Since 1902, an Irish Wolfhound has been presented as a mascot to the regiment by the Irish Wolfhound Club, who originally hoped the publicity would increase the breed's popularity with the public. The first mascot was called Brian Boru.

In 1961, the wolfhound was admitted to the select club of "official" Army mascots, entitling him to the services of the Royal Army Veterinary Corps, as well as quartering and food at public expense. Originally, the mascot was in the care of a drummer boy, but is now looked after by one of the regiment's drummers and his family. The Irish Guards are the only Guards regiment permitted to have their mascot lead them on parade. During Trooping the Colour, the mascot marches only from Wellington Barracks as far as Horse Guards Parade. He then falls out of the formation and does not participate in the Trooping itself. Domhnall, the regiment's seventeenth mascot, retired back to Ireland, in 2019.

Traditions and affiliations

St Patrick's Day is the traditional regimental celebration. It is customary for the regiment to begin the day's celebrations with the Guardsmen being woken by their officers and served gunfire. Fresh shamrock is then presented to members of the regiment, whether they are in the UK or abroad on operations.

Except in wartime, the presentation of shamrock is traditionally made by a member of the Royal Family. This task was first performed in 1901 by Queen Alexandra and later by Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother. After the latter's death, the presentation was made by Anne, Princess Royal. Starting in 2012, the presentation has been made by Catherine, Princess of Wales.

In 1950 George VI marked the fiftieth anniversary of the formation of the Irish Guards by presenting the shamrocks on St Patrick's Day. This honour was mirrored by King George's surviving wife, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, fifty years later when she presented shamrocks to the regiment on St. Patrick's Day in their centenary year of 2000.

Battle honours

The regiment's battle honours are as follows:
First World War: Mons, Retreat from Mons, Marne 1914, Aisne 1914, Ypres 1914 and 17, Langemarck 1914, Battle of Gheluvelt, Nonne Bosschen, Festubert 1915, Loos, Somme 1916 and 1918, Flers–Courcelette, Morval, Pilckem, Poelcapelle, Passchendaele, Cambrai 1917 and 1918, St. Quentin, Lys, Hazebrouck, Albert 1918, Bapaume 1918, Arras 1918, Scarpe 1918, Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Canal du Nord, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1914–18
Second World War:
 North-West Europe: Pothus, Norway 1940, Boulogne 1940, Cagny, Mont Pincon, Neerpelt, Nijmegen, Aam, Rhineland, Hochwald, Rhine, Bentheim, North-West Europe 1940 1944–45,
 North Africa: Medjez Plain, Djebel bou Aoukaz, North Africa 1943,
 Italy: Anzio, Aprilia, Carroceto, Italy 1943–44
Al Basrah 2003, Iraq 2003

Victoria Cross recipients
Guardsman Edward Colquhoun Charlton, 2nd Battalion, The Irish Guards
Lance Corporal John Kenneally, 1st Battalion, The Irish Guards
Acting Lieutenant Colonel James Marshall, Irish Guards (attached to the 16th Battalion, The Lancashire Fusiliers)
Lance Sergeant John Moyney, 2nd Battalion, The Irish Guards
Lance Corporal Michael O'Leary, 1st Battalion, The Irish Guards
Private Thomas Woodcock, 2nd Battalion, The Irish Guards

Notable members
Field Marshal The Earl Alexander of Tunis
The Reverend Francis Browne
General Sir Mark Carleton-Smith  (Chief of the General Staff)
The Lord Moyola  (politician)
Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
Arthur Charles Evans  (writer)
Sir John Gorman  (politician)
Lieutenant John Kipling (only son of Rudyard Kipling)
 Sir Patrick Leigh Fermor  (travel writer)
Nigel Morgan (security consultant)
Lieutenant Colonel The Hon. George Henry Morris
Liam O'Flaherty (Irish novelist)
Brigadier Joe Vandeleur
Lieutenant Colonel Giles Vandeleur

Colonels-in-Chief
King Edward VII assumed the colonelcy-in-chief of the regiment on his accession, and subsequent monarchs have also been colonel-in-chief.

Regimental Colonels

British Army regiments typically have an honorary colonel, often a member of the Royal Family or a prominent retired military officer with connections to the regiment.

The Irish Guards colonels have been:

Field Marshal The Earl Roberts  – appointed 17 October 1900
Field Marshal The Earl Kitchener  – appointed 15 November 1914
Field Marshal The Earl of Ypres  – appointed 6 June 1916
Field Marshal The Earl of Cavan  – appointed 23 May 1925
Field Marshal The Earl Alexander of Tunis  – appointed 28 August 1946
General Sir Basil Eugster  – appointed 17 June 1969
General The Grand Duke of Luxembourg  – appointed 21 August 1984
Lieutenant The Duke of Abercorn  – appointed 1 November 2000
Major General Sir Sebastian Roberts  – appointed 17 March 2008
Major The Prince of Wales  – appointed 10 February 2011
The Princess of Wales  – appointed 21 December 2022

Regimental Lieutenant Colonels

The Regimental Lieutenant Colonels have included:
 1900–1905: Col. Vesey John Dawson
 1905–1909: Col. Richard J. Cooper
 1909–1913: Col. George Colborne Nugent
 1913–1914: Col. Charles FitzClarence
 1914–1917: Col. Douglas J. Proby
 1917–1918: Col. Lord Ardee
 1918–1919: Col. Sir John R. Hall, 9th Baronet
 1919–1924: Col. Robert C. A. McCalmont
 1924–1928: Col. William H. V. Darell
 1928–1930: Col. The Hon. Harold R. L. G. Alexander
 1930–1931: Col. Robert V. Pollok
 1931–1935: Col. L. M. Gregson
 1935–1936: Col. A. G. C. Dawnay
 1936–1938: Col. J. S. N. Fitzgerald
 1938–1939: Col. R. Bruce S. Reford
 1939–?: Col. The Hon. T. E. Vesey
 1959–1961: Col. Henry L. S. Young
 1961–1964: Col. James W. Berridge
 1964–1966: Col. Michael J. P. O'Cock
 1966–1969: Col. Charles W. D. Harvey-Kelly
 1969–1972: Col. J. Anthony Aylmer
 1972–1973: Col. John G. F. Head
 1973–1976: Col. Prince John N. Ghika
 1976–1979: Col. Giles A. Allan
 1979–1981: Col. Richard T. P. Hume
 1981–1985: Col. James H. Baker
 1985–1988: Col. Sir William W. Mahon, 7th Baronet
 1988–1991: Brig. Robert J. S. Corbett
 1991–1995: Brig. David B. W. Webb-Carter
 1995–1999: Brig. R. Christopher Wolverson
 1999–2008: Maj.-Gen. Sir Sebastian J. L. Roberts
 2008–2012: Maj.-Gen. Sir William G. Cubitt
 2012–2022: Gen. Sir Mark A. P. Carleton-Smith
 2022–present: Maj.-Gen. Sir Christopher J. Ghika

Commanding Officers
Commanding Officers have included (since 2001):

 2001–2003: Lt.-Col. James R. H. Stopford
 2003–2006: Lt.-Col. Charles P. H. Knaggs
 2006–2008: Lt.-Col. Michael G. C. O'Dwyer
 2008–2010: Lt.-Col. Benjamin C. Farrell
 2010–2012: Lt.-Col. Christopher J. Ghika
 2012–2014: Lt.-Col. Edward T. Boanas
 2014–2017: Lt.-Col. I. Alexander J. Turner
 2017–2019: Lt.-Col. Jonathan A. E. Palmer
 2019–present: Lt.-Col. Robert P. Money

Order of precedence

Alliances
 – 4th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment
 – Royal Montserrat Defence Force
 – 13e Demi-Brigade de Légion Étrangère (Bond of Friendship)

The Irish Guards and other Guards regiments have a long-standing connection to The Parachute Regiment. Irish Guardsmen who have completed P Company can be seconded to the Guards Parachute Platoon, which is currently attached to the 3rd Battalion, The Parachute Regiment. The Guards Parachute Platoon maintains the tradition established by Number 1 (Guards) Independent Parachute Company that was part of the original Pathfinder Group of 16th Parachute Brigade, which has since been designated as the 16th Air Assault Brigade.

Notes

Citations

References
The Long, Long Trail – Irish Guards
Irish Guards.org.uk

External links

British Army – Irish Guards
The Guards Museum Containing the history of the five regiments of Foot Guards, Wellington Barracks, London.
British Army Locations from 1945 British Army Locations from 1945
Irish soldier is injured in Afghanistan blast

Guards regiments
Military units and formations established in 1900
Regiments of the British Army in World War I
Regiments of the British Army in World War II
Irish regiments of the British Army
Military units and formations of the United Kingdom in the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Military units and formations of the Iraq War
1900 establishments in the United Kingdom
Irish regiments

Irish Guards


Himmetzade Abdi Türk mutasavvıfı ve şairi (İstanbul 1640-1710). Bayramiyenin himmetiye kolunu kuran Şeyh Himmet'in oğlu olan Himmetzade Abdi, camilerde vaizlik yaptı. Babası ölünce (1683) onun yerine Yenibahçe bayrami tekkesinin şeyhliğini üstlendi.

Himmetzade Abdi'nin Divanı ve Muhammed'in yaşamını konu alan Gencine-i İ'caz adlı manzum bir yapıtı vardır. Kaynaklarda, günümüze kalmayan bir Tezkire-i Şuara'sı (Şairler Tezkiresi) bulunduğu da belirtilir.

Kaynakça

Türk şairler
Türk mutasavvıflar
1640 doğumlular
1710 yılında ölenler

Himmetzade Abdi


În fiecare an, Uniunea Europeană alege să abordeze un subiect pentru a încuraja dezbaterile și dialogul în cadrul și între statele membre. Scopul acestui demers îl reprezintă sensibilizarea cetățenilor europeni față de o anumită chestiune specifică.

Începând din 1983, Parlamentul European și Consiliul Uniunii Europene au ales o temă anuală de acțiune în fiecare an, pe baza unei propuneri a Comisiei Europene. Anii europeni reprezintă o campanie de conștientizare pentru a educa cetățenii europeni și a atrage atenția guvernelor naționale ale statelor membre asupra unei anumite probleme, pentru a schimba atitudinile și comportamentele atât la nivel național, cât și la nivel european.

Note

Legături externe
 European years (europa.eu)

Calendare
Uniunea Europeană
Cultura europeană

Anii Europeni


Elisabet von Eyben (1736 – 1780) var en dansk hofdame.

Hun var datter af Christian August von Eyben og Elisabeth Sophia Maria von Hassberge. Hun var fra 1766 første kammerfrøken hos dronning Caroline Mathilde.

Kilder
 August Fjelstrup: Damerne ved Karoline Mathildes Hof, 1909.

Danskere i 1700-tallet
Hofdamer fra Danmark
Elisabet

Elisabet von Eyben