فوجيتسو  هي شركة يابانية متخصصة في صناعة وإنتاج أشباه الموصلات وأجهزة التكييف والحواسيب العملاقة والشخصية والخوادم، وفي تقنية الاتصالات. مقرها الرئيسي في «مركز مدينة شيودوم» في مينتاو طوكيو وتوظف الشركة حوالي 186 ألف شخص ولها ما يقارب 500 شركة مرتبطه بها.

لمحة تاريخية

 أنشأت الشركة عام 1935م تحت مسمى فوجي لتصنيع معدات الاتصالات.
 عام 1954 صممت الشركة أول جهاز حاسوب ياباني فاكوم 100.
 عام 1967 تم تغيير اسم الشركة إلى فوجيتسو.
 عام 1992 قدمت الشركة أول جهاز تلفزيون مقاس 21 بوصة بشاشة كاملة الألوان.

أعمال فوجيستو

منافسها المحلي التقليدي هو شركة نيك (NEC),أما منافسها الرئيسي والعالمي فهو حاليا مع شركة آي بي أم (IBM). شعار الشركة هو «لا نهاية للممكن»، بالإضافة إلى العلامة التجارية الصورية والمتمثلة بكلمة Fujitsu مع وجود الرمز (∞) فوق حرفي ال جاي وال آي والذي يقرأ إنفنيتي بمعنى اللانهاية وأحيانا يتم استخدام الحرفين والإنفنيتي فقط بدون باقي الكلمة.

الرياضة

إضافة إلى الجانب الصناعي فان شركة فوجيتسو تقوم براعية العديد من فرق كرة القدم وأهمها فريق كاواساكي فرونتال  الياباني والذي كان يعرف حتى عام 1997 باسم فريق فوجيتسو وكذلك ترعى الشركة بعض فرق السباقات العالمية.

انظر أيضًا

 كاواساكي فرونتال

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

علامات تجارية لإلكترونيات استهلاكية
تأسيسات سنة 1935 في اليابان
مصنعو هواتف محمولة
شركات التكنولوجيا في اليابان
شركات إلكترونيات أسست في 1935
شركات إلكترونيات في اليابان
شركات برمجيات مقرها في طوكيو
شركات تصنيع التدفئة والتهوية وتكييف الهواء
شركات تصنيع مقرها في طوكيو
شركات تقنية العرض
شركات دفاع في اليابان
شركات متعددة الجنسيات مقرها في اليابان
شركات مدرجة في بورصة طوكيو
علامات تجارية يابانية
مقدمو خدمات الحوسبة السحابية
شركات يابانية أسست في 1935

فوجيتسو


Templari se pojavljuju u Hrvatskoj sredinom 12. stoljeća, a glavni zadatak bio im je pružanje utočišta kršćanskim hodočasnicima na putu prema Svetoj zemlji. Nije poznato gdje su i kada dobili prve posjede. Hrvatsko-ugarski kralj Stjepan III. (1162. – 1172.) potvrdio je templarima posjed Zdelu na sjeverozapadnim obroncima Bilogore koji im je prthodno darovao bosanski ban Borić koji je imao obiteljske posjede u Slavoniji. Kralj Stjepan III. potvrdio je templarima i posjed Haco, a darovao im je i Vranu blizu Biograda.

Stjepanov brat i nasljednik, kralj Bela III. (1172. – 1196.) potvrdio je templarima selo Glogovnicu, a dobili su inicijativom zagrebačkog biskupa Prodana i Novu Ves u današnjem Zagrebu. Uz potvrde ranijih darovnica, Bela III. je dodijelio templarima grad Senj s crkvom sv. Jurja. Belin stariji sin i nasljednik Emerik (1196. – 1204.) štitio je templare, oslobodio ih davanja i dao im privilegije. Njegov brat i nasljednik, kralj Andrija II. (1205. – 1235.) darovao je templarima zemlju sv. Martina te je 1209. godine obnovio očeve privilegije dane templarskom viteškom redu. Također, dodijelio im je posjede Ljesnicu, Račešu, kao i zemlje u Vodici i Gorici. Budući da se njegov otac Bela III. zavjetovao da će ići na križarski pohod, a za života nije ispunio taj zavjet, obaveza je prenijeta na mlađeg sina Andriju koji je 1217. godine krenuo na križarski pohod u Svetu zemlju kako bi ispunio očevo obećanje. Iste godine, darovao je templarima tvrđavu Klis i postavio templarskog poglavara u Ugarskoj i Hrvatskoj, Poncija od Križa za namjesnika Hrvatske i Dalmacije.

Po povratku iz križarskog rata, Andrija II. darovao je 1219. godine templarima zemlju Gacku, a kada se knez Domald domogao utvrde Klis, Andrija II. je kompezirao gubitak templarima darujući im utvrdu Šibenik.

Kada su 1260. godine krčki knezovi dobili od kralja Bele IV. (1235. – 1270.) grad Senj, templari su 1269. godine u zamjenu dobili županiju Dubicu. Nakon što je 1312. godine ukinut templarski red, većina njihovih posjeda pripala je ivanovcima.

Organizacija templarskog reda

Na čelu templarskog reda bio je meštar koji je upravljao Ugarskom i Hrvatskom (magister per Ungariam et Sclavoniam) i bio podređen velikom meštru templarskog reda. Templarski vitezovi živjeli su u malim skupinama zajedno s ostalim templarskim službenicima u kućama (domus), sjedištima preceptorata. Osim vitezova i svećenika, bilo je poslužitelja i sluga, osobito za uzgoj konja. Među templarskom braćom bilo je vrlo malo domaćih ljudi, a većinu su činili francuski vitezovi. Najvažnija sjedišta templarskih preceptorata u Hrvatskoj bila su u Vrani, Gori, Senju, Glogovnici, Svetom Martinu kraj Dugog Sela, Našicama, Novoj Rači, Dubici i Novoj Vesi.

Udruge templara
U današnjoj Hrvatskoj postoji nekoliko organizacija koji sebe nazivaju templarima ili vitezovima templarima. Međutim, niti jedna od njih sebe ne smatra direktnim nasljednikom izvornih templara već da su samo njima inspirirani, te da slijede njihove moralne i etičke standarde i vrijednosti. Kao udruge registrirani su sljedeći moderni templarski redovi:
 O.S.M.T.H. Veliki priorat hrvatski, osnovan 2004. godine i sa sjedništem u Karlovcu. Veliki prior je Tomislav Hauptfeld.
 O.S.M.T.H. Veliki priorat Hrvatske, osnovan 2006. godine i sa sjedništem u Zagrebu, pripada međunarodnom redu OSMTH. Veliki prior je dr. Đuro Črnjak.
 Templarski viteški red Hrvatske Sv. Bernarda i Marije Magdalene, osnovan 2007. godine i sa sjedništem u Zagrebu, pripada međunarodnom redu Škotskih vitezova templara SMOTJ. Prior je Valentino Rajković.
 Hrvatski viteški red templara – OSMTHU Veliki priorat, osnovan 2009. godine i sa sjedništem u Zagrebu, pripada međunarodnom redu OSMTHU. Veliki prior je Lovro Tomašinec.
 Templarski red Sv. Marije, osnovan 2011. godine i sa sjedništem u Zagrebu. Prior je Ranko Skansi.
 Regularni viteški red templara O.S.M.T.J. – Veliki priorat Hrvatske, osnovan 2018. godine i sa sjedništem u Zagrebu, pripada međunarodnom redu OSMTJ. Veliki prior je Ivan Lovrić.
 Udruga neovisnog kršćanskog i ratničkog Viteškog reda templara od Samarije – Veliki priorat, osnovana 2019. godine i sa sjedništem u Zagrebu. Veliki prior je Miran Škerl.

Vidi još
 Dodatak:Popis meštara vitezova templara u Hrvatskoj i Ugarskoj

Bilješke

Litratura

 Dobronić, Lelja, Templari i ivanovci u Hrvatskoj, Dom i svijet, Zagreb, 2002.

Templari
Povijest Hrvatske (1102. – 1527.)

Templari u Hrvatskoj


An Maclurolyra tecta in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Cléofe Elsa Calderón ngan Thomas Robert Soderstrom. An Maclurolyra tecta in nahilalakip ha genus nga Maclurolyra, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Maclurolyra

Maclurolyra tecta


C, c, ISO temel Latin ve Türk alfabesinin üçüncü harfidir. İngilizce söylenişi  şeklindedir. Türkçedeki söylenişi [d͡ʒ] şeklindedir.

Tarihçe

C harfi Latinceye Yunanca Gamma (Γ) harfinden gelmiştir. Antik Yunancada /g/ sesini temsil etmekte olan C harfi, Latincede hem /k/, hem de /g/ sesini temsil etmekteydi. İşin daha da karışık kısmı, K ve Q harfleri de aynı iki sesi göstermekteydi. Üç harfin farkı; K harfinin A'dan önce, Q harfinin yuvarlak ünlülerden (O ve V (U harfi yerine bu zamanlar V harfi kullanılıyordu)), ve C harfinin diğer pozisyonlarda kullanılmasıydı.

Orta Latince döneminde bu karışıklığı gidermek için G harfi, C'ye bir çentik ekleyerek icat edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda K harfi de Latincede kullanımdan kalkmış (Kalendis gibi birtakım Yunan asıllı kelimeler hariç, bunlarda da yine de C kullanılıyordu, Calendis gibi), ve Q harfi de sadece /w/ sesine denk gelen V (U) harfinden önce kullanılıyordu.

Latin dillerinde olan birtakım ses değişimleri sonucu C harfi, ince ünlülerden önce (i veya e) değişmiş, İtalyancada ve Rumencede /t͡ʃ/ (çiçek, çorba), Fransızcada /s/, İspanyolcada /θ/ sesini temsil etmeye başlamıştır. I. William'ın İngiltere'yi fethi sonrasında bu kullanım İngilizceye de yayılmıştır. G harfinde de çok benzer ses olayları gözlemlenmektedir.

Günümüzde bu diller haricinde bu harf çoğu Doğu Avrupa dilinde /t͡s/, Türkî dillerde ve Türkçeden esinlenen diğer alfabelerde (Kürtçe, Zazaca) /d͡ʒ/ sesini temsil etmektedir.

CH Harf Kombinasyonu

Roma'nın Yunanistan'ı fethiyle Latinceye bir sürü Yunanca kelime geçmiştir. Bu kelimelerdeki /kʰ/ (korkmak) sesini temsil eden Χ (chi) harfini latinleştirmek için CH digrafı tercih edilmiştir. Yunancada bu ses daha sonra değişip /x/ (ıhlamur) sesine dönüşmüş, dolayısıyla Almancada ve bir sürü slav dilinde /x/ sesini temsil etmek için bu biçim tercih edilmiştir.

Eski Fransızcada /x/ veya /kʰ/ bulunmadığından, bu dilde yeni oluşan /c/ (kâğıt, kâr) sesini temsil etmek için CH kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu ses zamanla /t͡ʃ/ sesine evrilmiş, İngilizce dahil birtakım dillere devşirilmiş, ardından Fransızcada daha fazla değişimlere uğrayarak /ʃ/ (şekil, şemsiye) sesine evrilmiştir.
IPA tarafından bu harf /c:/,/kc:/ veya /q:/ olarak gösterilir

Bilgisayar kodları

Diğer kullanım şekilleri

Kaynakça

Latin alfabesi harfleri

C


Catherine Howard (c. 1521-25 - 13. febrúar 1542) var drottning Englands frá árinu 1540 til 1542. Hún var fimmta eiginkona Hinriks áttunda.

Drottningar Englands

Catherine Howard


شيرين وجدي (28 مارس 1969 -)، مغنية وممثلة مصرية.

حياتها
اسمها الأصلي شيرين فاروق سالم حصلت على شهادة الباكالوريوس بالأدب الإنجليزي. ويبدو أن ثقافتها وهواياتها في الرسم وعزف البيانو وجمال صوتها وشكلها شحذا فيها موهبة الغناء وساهما في تنمية قدرتها على التمثيل، اكتشفها الإذاعي المصري وجدي الحكيم ومنحها اسمه أجرت اختبار الإذاعة والتليفزيون ونجحت فيه بدون واسطة رغم صلة القرابة بالفنانة رانيا فريد شوقي وعبير فريد شوقي قامت بالتمثيل لأول مرة في حياتها بدور ألمظ أمام علي الحجار بدور عبده الحامولي  في مسلسل بوابة الحلواني وذلك بتشجيع من الملحن المصري بليغ حمدي.

حياتها الأسرية
تزوجت للمرة الأولى من المعلق الرياضي مدحت شلبي ولها منه ابنة اسمها نهلة انفصلت عنه لتتزوج ثانية من رجل الأعمال المصري إيهاب طلعت الذي يعمل في مجالات الإنتاج والإعلان التجاري. ولديها أربعة بنات. وقد تورط زوجها في قضية مع الدولة ارتبطت مع قضية عبد الرحمن حافظ رئيس مدينة الإنتاج وطُلِب بمديونية قدرت ب 33 مليون جنيه واحتجز حتى يقوم بسدادها. وكان لشيرين موقفا مشرفا تجاه زوجها وأسرنها. إذ سارعت بالتحرك وباعت الكثير من ممتلكاتهما لتسدد مديونيته لإطلاق سراحه. وقد غنت لأول مرة أغنية «مين عارف حبيبي» أثناء احتجازه متأثرة من الموقف الذي تعبر كلمات الأغنية على ما هي عليه.

أعمالها الفنية

في التمثيل

أفلام
 (1993): الطريق إلى إيلات

مسلسلات
 (2004): بوابة الحلواني 4
 (1997): بوابة الحلواني 3
 (1995): أبو القاسم الطنبوري وشركاه
 (1996): زقاق الزقنقدار
 (1995): شقة الحرية
 (1995): حكاية الغريب
 (1994): لعبة كل بيت
 (1994): بوابة الحلواني 2
 (1992): بوابة الحلواني 1

فوازير رمضان
 (1994):قيس وليلى لصالح تلفزيون دبي
 طربستان

مسلسلات أطفال
 يعيش يميش مع فؤاد المهندس
 ترحل مع محمد عوض

مسرح
 (1996): السندبادة البحرية
 (1995): فارس وجميلة
 (1994): إلي بنى مصر

الغناء

البومات غنائية
بدأت مشوارها بألبوم «إنت النص الحلــو» وتتالت الألبومــات وكانت المفاجأة بألبوم «لو بينا أيه» الذي حصد الكثير من الجوائز المصرية والعربية مثل: أفضل فيديو كليب في مهرجان القاهرة للإذاعة والتليفزيون الثامن لعام 2002. وهذه ألبوماتها عِلما بإن الاثنين الأخيرين تم تسجيلهما في لندن ضمانا للجودة

فيديو كليبات

جوائز وتقديرات
 ما اقدرش فازت بجائزة أفضل فيديوكليب في مهرجان القاهرة للإذاعة والتليفزيون السابع لعام 2001.
 لو بينا إيه فازت بجائزة أفضل فيديو كليب في مهرجان القاهرة للإذاعة والتليفزيون الثامن لعام 2002.
 لو بينا إيه فازت عام 2002 لأشهر أغنية عربية بجائزة الأرزة الذهبية من قناة المؤسسة اللبنانية للإرسال في لبنان.
 لو بينا إيه كان أفضل فيديو كليب لعام 2002 في استفتاء عام أجرته جريدة حريتى في العالم العربي.
 لو بينا إيه حصلت به على أفضل مطربة عربية لعام 2002 في استفتاء لقناة النيل للمنوعات.
 لو بينا إيه كان أفضل فيديو كليب في مهرجان الأغنية بشرم الشيخ 2002.
 فازت شيرين بلقب أفضل مطربة للشباب لعام 2002 عن طريق استفتاء عام للشباب عن أفضل النجوم وحصلت على جائزة الأسد الذهبي.
 حصلت على جائزة الموريكس الذهبية في الحفل الذي أقامه نادى الليونز في لبنان الذي يرأسه إميل لحود وتحت رعاية السيدة الأولى في لبنان «أندريه اميل لحود»
 وقد اختيرت أفضل مغنية عربية عام 2004 في استفتاء اجرته مجلة «زهرة الخليج» الإماراتية.
 كما اختيرت أفضل مطربة عربية عام 2004 حسب استفتاء قناة دريم المصرية.
 جائزة ART أفضل مطربة عربية عام 2004 حسب استفتاء راديو وتلفزيون العرب.

مواقف وطنية

غنت شيرين دعما لأطفال الحجارة أغنية «عالم واحد» ودعما لأطفال العراق غنت «في عيون الأطفال» كما أقامت عدة حفلات لصالح مرضى السرطان وللأطفال في أغلب محافظات مصر.

مناسبات وطنية

غنت شيرين وجدي في مناسبات عديدة أمام قادة عرب في دولهم:
 العقيد معمر القذافي عام 2003
 الملك عبد الله الثاني بن الحسين عام 2003
 الرئيس زين العابدين بن علي عام 2005
 الرئيس عبد العزيز بوتفليقة عام 2005
 الرئيس حسني مبارك عام 2005

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
مغنون من القاهرة
مغنيات مصريات في القرن 21
مغنيات من القاهرة
ممثلات أفلام مصريات
ممثلات تلفزيون مصريات
ممثلات مسرح مصريات
ممثلات من القاهرة
مواليد 1969
مواليد في القاهرة

شيرين وجدي


හැරූන් අර්ෂාඩ් (උපත 1999 සැප්තැම්බර් 6) හොංකොං ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩකයෙකි. ඔහු 2017 ඔක්තෝම්බර් 20 දින 2015-17 ICC අන්තර් මහද්වීපික කුසලානයේ හොංකොං වෙනුවෙන් ඔහුගේ පළමු පන්තියේ මංගල තරගයට පිවිසියේය.

යොමු කිරීම්

හැරූන් අර්ෂාඩ්


Daiki Hashioka (født 17. maj 1999) er en japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Urawa Reds.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Daiki Hashioka


Alexandre Fichet, né le  à Étrépilly (Seine-et-Marne) où il est mort le , est un inventeur et serrurier français, fondateur de la marque Fichet à l'origine du groupe éponyme.

Biographie

Fichet fonde en 1825 à Paris un atelier et découvre le principe de l'incrochetabilité, brevet d'invention qu'il dépose en 1829. La marque devient rapidement célèbre.

Nommé serrurier de la Bibliothèque royale, il crée en 1846 une fabrique de coffres-forts qu'il perfectionne sans cesse et dépose la même année un brevet pour un . Sa fille, Apolline, lui succède à la tête du groupe Fichet lorsqu'il meurt en 1862.

L'invention de Fichet est mentionnée dans deux romans de Jules Verne, César Cascabel (partie 1, chapitre I) et Claudius Bombarnac (chapitre XI).

Voir aussi
 Léopold Huret

Notes et références

Liens externes

Inventeur français
Serrurerie
Naissance en février 1799
Décès en août 1862
Décès à 63 ans

Alexandre Fichet


زلزال نابلس 1927 هو زلزال كبير ضرب منطقة نابلس يوم الإثنين 11 تموز 1927 عند الساعة 15:07 عصرا وقد كانت مدة الزلزال 90 ثانية.

بلغت شدة الزلزال 6.2 درجة على مقياس ريختر وتم تحديد مركزه لاحقاً قرب جسر دامية على نهر الأردن على بعد حوالي 25 كيلومتراً شرق مدينة نابلس وقد شعر به سكان سورية ولبنان والقاهرة.

تسبب الزلزال في فلسطين بمقتل 192 شخصا، وإصابة 923 شخصا، وفي شرق الأردن أسفر عن مقتل 68 شخصا وإصابة 103 أشخاص.

يعتبر زلزال نابلس متوسط الشدة بالنسبة للزلازل المدمرة التي مرّت على فلسطين، وهذا الزلزال يؤرخ فيه في مدينة نابلس.

الخسائر
سبب هذا الزلزال دمارا كبيرا لدفي مناطق عديدة في فلسطين، ومنها:
 مدينة نابلس: هدم حوالي 600 منزل، وقتل 303 أشخاص، و350 جريح، ومن الأماكن التي تضررت جامع النصر التاريخي وقسم من الجامع الصلاحي الكبير.

 مدينة القدس: كان عدد القتلى أكثر من 130 شخصا، و 450 جريح، ومن الأماكن التي تضررت مبنى في جبل الزيتون، ووقعت أضرار كبيرة في المسجد الأقصى وكنيسة القيامة.  سبب الزلزال أيضا تصدعا في قصر أوغستا فكتوريا الذي كان مقرا للمندوب السامي في المدينة.

 في سائر فلسطين: حدث بمناطق عديدة هدم مباني، وسقط قتلى وجرحى، ومن هذه المدن: قلنسوة واللد والرملة ورام الله وصفد وطبريا وبيسان وأريحا والرينة ويافا وأبو ديس.

معرض صور

مراجع

الانتداب البريطاني على فلسطين في 1927
إمارة شرق الأردن في 1927
فلسطين في 1927
أحداث يوليو 1927
تاريخ نابلس
زلازل 1927
زلازل في الأردن
زلازل في إسرائيل
زلازل في بلاد الشام
كوارث في آسيا 1927

زلزال نابلس 1927


Jakob (eller Joachim) Trolle, født 21. maj 1475, Ed, Småland, død 1546, til Lillö og Knabstrup, var en skånsk adelsmand og dansk ridder, søn af den svenske rigsråd Arvid Trolle og Beate Iversdatter Thott.

Jakob Trolle var 1517 sammen med Søren Norby admiral for den flåde, som blev sendt til undsætning af nevøen Gustaf Trolle på Stäkeborg.

Ægteskab

Jakob Trolle var gift med Kirsten Skave (død 18. september 1534 på Knabstrup), og fik femten børn, heriblandt sønnerne Herluf (14. januar 1516 – 25. juni 1565) og Børge (14. juli 1501 – 1571).

Kilder

Danskere i 1500-tallet
Jakob

Jakob Trolle


Hızlı yazı okuma tekniği, kitap ve benzeri uzun metinleri daha kısa bir süre içerisinde anlaşılabilir olarak içinden okumasını sağlayan yöntemdir.

Hızlı okuma teknikleri bir kişinin okuma amacına ve okuyacağı metnin içeriğine göre okuma hızını ve anlama oranını ayarlayabilmesidir. Hızlı okuma tekniklerinin gelişmesi için gözlerin çeviklik kazanması, görme alanının genişlemesi gerekir.

Özellikle sınavlar, üniversite gibi hayati seçimlerin yapılacağı sınavlarda doğru düşünmek için saniyelerin bile çok önemi vardır. Öğrenci adayına tanınan sınav sürecinin daha verimli geçmesi için başvurulan ve deneyenlerin başarılı olduğuna inanılan bir tekniktir.

Anlayarak hızlı okumak için, konsantrasyonun da artırılması gerekmektedir. Yüksek bir konsantrasyon sağlamadan yapılan hızlı okumanın hiçbir anlamı yoktur.

Konsantrasyonu temel olarak etkileyen dört önemli faktör vardır. Bu faktörler:

 Düşüncelerimizi kontrol edebilmek ve yönetmek,
 Hafıza ve zeka gücümüzü etkin olarak kullanmayı öğrenmek,
 Beynin konsantrasyonunu artıran teknolojileri öğrenmek ve kullanmak,
 Konsantrasyonu artıran besinlerle beslenmek.

Hızlı okuma yöntemleri

 Görme Bandı
 Göz sağ sol çapraz.  (egzersizi, yandaki animasyonda olduğu gibi)
 Takistoskop
 Kelime gruplama

Sözdebilim

Hızlı yazı okuma tekniği


Amurska srebrna trava (lat. Miscanthus sacchariflorus) trajnica iz porodice trava raširena po Kini, Japanu, Koreji i Ruskom dalekom istoku. Ova vrsta pripada rodu poznatom na hrvatskom jeziku kao kineski šaš, a dio je podtribusa Saccharinae.

Uvezena je u Njemačku, Kanadu  (Ontario, Québec) i neke države SAD-a (Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, Wisconsin)

Sinonimi
 Imperata eulalioides Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 2: 289 (1866)
 Imperata sacchariflora Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 331 (1859)
 Miscanthus hackelii Nakai; Bot. Mag., Tokyo 23: 107 (1909)
 Miscanthus sacchariflorus f. latifolius Adachi; Bull. Fac. Agr. Mie Univ. 17: 59 (1958)
 Miscanthus sacchariflorus f. purpurascens Y.N.Lee; J. Korean Pl. Taxon., 3(1-2): 18 (1971), et Pl. Taxonomic Soc. Korea. Seoul. 1972: 18. 17 (1972)
 Miscanthus sacchariflorus var. gracilis Y.N.Lee; J. Jap. Bot. 39: 123 (1964)
 Triarrhena hackelii (Nakai) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 25: 7 (1950)
 Triarrhena sacchariflora (Maxim.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 25: 7 (1950)

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Saccharinae
Flora Amurske oblasti
Flora Habarovskog kraja
Flora Primorskog kraja
Flora Japana
Flora Sjeverne Koreje
Flora Južne Koreje
Flora Gansua
Flora Hebeija
Flora Henana
Flora Shaanxija

Amurska srebrna trava


The Mark Steel Solution was initially broadcast on BBC Radio 5 for a series, before three series were broadcast on BBC Radio 4. The show's original slogan was "Give me thirty minutes and I'll convince you of anything!"

Delivered by Mark Steel, each scripted lecture presents persuasive, yet witty, arguments for a seemingly bizarre solution to a contemporary social problem by highlighting the flaws in the present system.

Many of the arguments are illustrated by miniature sketches, featuring Mark Steel, Pete Sinclair, Maria McErlane, and Kim Wall. It was produced by Phil Clark, and was written by Mark Steel and Pete Sinclair.

Episode list (incomplete)
Series 1, 1992 (BBC Radio 5)

S01 E01 - The Royal Family - "The Royal Family should be chosen by weekly lottery" (9 October 1992)
S01 E02 - The Family - "Nobody should be allowed to live in the same family for more than a year" (16 October 1992)
S01 E03 - Judges - "Criminals should be recruited as high courts judges" (23 October 1992)
S01 E04 - School - "Nobody should go to school until they're 35" (30 October 1992)
S01 E05 - England - "Anyone born in England should be deported" (6 November 1992)
S01 E06 - The Economy - "All government economic policy should be decided by sport" (13 November 1992)

Series 2, 1994 (BBC Radio 4)

S02 E01 - Unemployment - "Having a job should be illegal" (15 July 1994)
S02 E02 - Transport - "Transport should only be paid for by people who don't use it" (22 July 1994)
S02 E03 - Housing - "Everyone in Britain should be rehoused at random" (29 July 1994)
S02 E04 - The Royal Family - "The Royal Family should be chosen by weekly lottery" (paraphrasing S01 E01) (presumably 5 August 1994)

Series 3, 1995 (BBC Radio 4)

S03 E01 - Sexuality - "Everyone should have to be gay for two years"
S03 E02 - Charity - "Anybody who gives to charity should be jailed"
S03 E03 - Crime - "Criminals should decide their own punishment" (Uses some sketches from S01 E03)
S03 E04 - Immigration - "Anyone born in England should be deported" (paraphrasing S01 E05)

Series 4, August and September 1996 (BBC Radio 4)

S04 E01 - Religion - "People should have to change their religion every Monday"
S04 E02 - Media - "Anyone in charge of the media should be sacked after thirty minutes"
S04 E03 - Education - "Nobody should go to school until they are 36" (paraphrasing S01 E04)
S04 E04 - Life - "Pessimists should be persecuted by law"

See also
The Mark Steel Lectures
The Mark Steel Revolution
Mark Steel's in Town

BBC Radio comedy programmes
1992 radio programme debuts

The Mark Steel Solution


اللطاخ الأبيض أو الطَلَوان أو الصداف أو اللطخة البيضاء مجهولة السبب (Leukoplakia) عبارة عن بقع بيضاء تظهر في الغشاء المُخاطِي للفم. ويكون الرجال هم أكثر عرضة للإصابة بهذا المرض أكثر من النساء بما يقارب الثلاثة أضعاف. والعمر الذي تظهر فيه الإصابة به عادة هو ما بعد الأربعين، مع احتمالية الإصابة به في أعمار أصغر من ذلك أيضا.

يقسم الصداف الفموي إلى صداف شدقي (في الغشاء المخاطي للشدق) وصداف لساني (في الغشاء المخاطي لللسان).

أعراضه
لا يمكن ملاحظة البقع هذه في بداية نشوءها لعدم تواجد اعراض محددة للشخص المصاب كآلآم أو افرازات. انما تُكشف عادة عن طريق الصدفة كأن يلاحظها طبيب الاسنان عند النظر إلى داخل الفم أثناء قيامه بفحص الفم والاسنان. وخصوصا منها التي تصيب أحيانا الحبال الصوتية فهي لا يمكن مشاهدتها أثناء بداية النشوء الا عن طريق الصدفة المحضة كفحص داخلي مثل الناظور.

أسبابه
الأسباب الأولى والرئيسية لهذا المرض هي التدخين والكحول المتواجد في المشروبات الكحولية بكافة أنواعها، فالمدخنون وشاربو المشروبات الكحولية هم الأكثر عرضة لهذا المرض.
با الإضافة إلى سبب آخر وهو تواجد ضرس (أحد الاسنان) عاطلا أو خرِبا بحاجة إلى قلع وتم اهماله من قبل الشخص، فذلك أيضا ما يكون مسببا لهذه البقع. كذلك فإن نقص بعض الهرمونات مثل هرمون الغدة جار الدرقية يُسبب المرض كذلك نقص مستوى الكالسيوم في الدم.

خطورته
ليس بالضرورة اعتبار الطلوان سرطانا في الفم أو الحنجرة في بداية اكتشاف الإصابة به، لانه ربما يمكن أن يُعتبر من بوادر التحول إلى السرطان أيضا. كما أن أغلب أنواعه إذا ما أُثبت كونه سرطاناً، تكون من الاورام الحميدة، مع ورود احتمالية كونه ورما خبيثا في حالات قليلة أخرى.
أحيانا عند اصابة الاحبال (الاوتار) الصوتية في الحنجرة به يقوم الطبيب الجراح باستئصالها من عليها، ففي حال كونها ورما حميدا لا خطورة بعد الاستئصال، اما في حال كونه ورما خبيثا فانه وإذا ما عاد الورم من جديد بعد الاستئصال فعلى الطبيب الجراح استئصال صندوق الصوت من الحنجرة بالكامل لتفادي انتشار السرطان إلى باقي الجسد.

علاجه
في حال اكتشاف الطلوان يتم تحويل المريض إلى الطبيب المختص ويكون عادة طبيبا جراحا، والذي يقوم بدوره في البداية استئصال جزء بسيط من البقع هذه وارسالها إلى الفحص المخبري للتاكد من نوعيتها وفيما إذا تطلب الأمر استئصال الباقي أيضا.
بعدها يقوم الطبيب باستئصال ما تبقى من البقع حسب النتائج المخبرية، وذلك جراحيا عن طريق الازلة المباشرة يدويا، أو يمكن الا زالة كهربائيا بتسليط اشعاع الليزر على تلك البقع.
اما في حالة عدم اعتباره مخبريا كورم سرطاني أو كذلك عدم تواجد خطورة فيها، فإنه لا يوجد ادوية أو حبوبا معينة تتعامل مع هذه البقع لأنه عادة ما تتلاشى وتختفي من نفسها كما اتت هي اصلا من نفسها.

ما بعد العلاج
بعد الانتهاء من العلاج وازالتها، فعلى المريض المعايدة الطبية الدورية. لان اللويكوبلايكا غالبا ما تعود من جديد. فيستحسن ان يقوم المريض بمراجعة الطبيب كل ثلاثة أشهر للتاكد من عدم عودتها.

المراجع

 Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum

أورام فموية
حالات الأغشية المخاطية
علم أمراض مخاطية الفم

صداف


Fabrizio Tabaton (16 de mayo de 1955, Génova) es un piloto de rally italiano que ha sido Campeón de Europa de Rally en 1986 y 1988 y Campeón de Italia en 1985 y 1987, este último en el Grupo A. También participó en pruebas del Campeonato Mundial entre 1979 y 1987, casi siempre en los rallyes disputados en Italia y su carrera se ha ceñido casi exclusivaamente a vehículos de la marca Lancia: Lancia Stratos, Lancia Rally 037, Lancia Delta S4 y Lancia Delta Integrale. Es dueño de la empresa STEP2, dedicada al alquiler de vehículos de rally y fue festor de la Escudería Grifone.

Compitió con diferentes copilotos, entre otros: Emilio Radaelli, Gianni Vacchetto, Marco Rogano, Marco Genovesi o Luciano Tedeschini con el que compitió durante diez años.

Trayectoria
Tabaton es hijo del también piloto de rallyes y fundador de la Escudería del Grifone: Luigi Tabaton. Comenzó a competir en rallyes con veinte años, en 1975 con un Lancia Fulvia en el Rally Monte Savona. Ese mismo año también participa en el Rally San Martino de Castrozza y en 1976 compite en ocho rallyes de Italia: Sangiacomo, 4 regiones, Valli Piacentine, Valle de Ossola, Pale di San Martino, Torriglia, Coppa Liburna, y 100.000 Trabucchi con un Lancia Stratos. En 1977 participa en la Copa Autobianchi A-112 con Gianni Vacchetto donde acaba sexto, quedando primero en el Rally Issola de Elba en su categoría. La Copa fue ganada por Attilio Bettega. En 1978 gana la Copa Autobianchi A112 por delante de Carlo Capone, con el que empata a puntos pero vence por tener mayor número de victorias.

En 1979 Tabaton compite con un Lancia Stratos con el que comienza a competir muy rápido pero también a sufrir varios accidentes de los que sale siempre ileso. Uno de los más peligrosos fue el sufrido en el Rally de San Remo donde su vehículo se precipitó por un barranco quedando totalmente destrozado sin graves consecuencias para Fabrizio. Ese año logra un segundo puesto en el Rally de San Marino por detrás de Tony Fassina. En el siguiente rally en Sicilia, sufre otro accidente esta vez rodeado de bastante polémica. Después de un accidente donde un piloto perdió la vida, se reanudó la prueba y en el último tramo Tabaton que partía con una desventaja de dos segundo respecto a Vudafieri sufre un accidente donde destroza el Stratos. Finalizando la temporada sufre otro accidente en San Remo otra vez en el último tramo.

Campeonato italiano
En 1980 Tabaton participa en el Campeonato de Italia de Rally con el apoyo de Lancia, Olio Fiat y la Escudería del Grifone. Gana su segundo rally el Collina Romana y termina segundo en el 4 Regioni, por detrás de Bernard Beguin que pilotaba un Porsche. En el Rally del Ciocco vuelve a sufrir otro accidente con el Stratos donde sale ileso tanto él como su copiloto Emilio Radaelli.

Al año siguiente se hace con un Fiat 131 Abarth con la misma decoración que el Stratos, aunque participa en alguna prueba con el Stratos. Comienza a competir teniendo de copiloto Luciano Tedeschini y gana su primer rally internacional con el Fiat 131: la Copa Liburna. Cesare Fiorio le ofrece la oportunidad de competir con un programa semioficial en un Lancia Stratos para la temporada 1982. Dispone de dos unidades, uno para asfalto y otro para tierra, contando con las últimas evoluciones que Lancia le hace llegar. Ese año compite contra pilotos como Cinotto, Biasion, Fassina, Tognana o Markku Alén a los que consigue ganar en algunas pruebas. Hizo su último rally con el Stratos en el
Colline di Rogmana ya que posteriormente Lancia le confía un Lancia Rally 037 con el que debuta en el Rally Il Piancavallo y gana en el Rally de Aosta. Participa en el Rally de San Remo donde tiene que abandonar, pero en el cuarto tramo marca su primer scratch en una prueba del mundial. En el Rally de Aosta y bajo los colores de Martini consigue su primera victoria con el 037, además participa con el Stratos en el Rally Isla de Elba donde gana, en el Costa Esmeralda donde finaliza segundo, gana el Collina Rogmana y cuando iba primero en el tramo veinte de la Targa Florio sufre un accidente saliendo otra vez ileso.

En 1983 compite en el campeonato italiano con Lancia pilotando un Lancia Rally 037 compartiendo equipo, el Grifone, con Gianfranco Cunico. Finaliza segundo en varios rallyes destacando el Costa Esmeralda donde un pinchazo lo apea del primer puesto. Su compañero se Cunico se proclamaría campeón de Italia. Ese año hace algunas incursiones en pruebas de circuito como los 1000km. De Imola con un Lancia LC1.

En 1984 bajo los colores de OlioFiat y de nuevo con el 037 se hace con el campeonato italiano de grupo B venciendo en siete pruebas, además de lograr un cuarto puesto en el Rally de San Remo, su mejor resultado en el mundial.

Campeonato de Europa
En 1985 gana el Campeonato de Italia, venciendo en Piancavallo, Lanterna, Mille Miglia, y Liburna, quedando segundo en la Targa Florio y tercero en Costa Smeralda e Isla de Elba. Participa además en pruebas del Europeo, como el Rally Catalunya, donde se enfrenta a pilotos como Salvador Serviá o Andrea Zanussi a los que gana, al subiéndose a lo más alto del podio consiguiendo además el subcampeonato de Europa.

En 1986 Lancia decide dar a Tabaton la oportunidad de correr el europeo y le asigna un Lancia Delta S4. Realiza trece pruebas, venciendo en el Rally Costa Brava, Rally Catalunya, Madeira, Kalkidikis, Príncipe de Asturias y San Marino, finaliza cuarto en Costa Esmeralda y aunque abandona en Garrigues, el RACE e Ypress, se hace con el Campeonato de Europa. Su mayor rival ese año fue Patrick Snijers que pilotaba un 037. Se enfrenta además con pilotos mundialistas como Henri Toivonen en el Costa Esmeralda, o Carlos Sainz en el Príncipe.

Tras la prohibición de los Grupo B, Lancia le asigna a Tabaton un Lancia Delta HF, con el que gana el campeonato de Italia en la categoría de Grupo A en 1987 ganando el Piancavallo, Casciama Terme, entre otros, y queda segundo en el Rally Della Lana.

En 1988 compite de nuevo por el europeo, consiguiendo su segundo título continental donde lo celebra en Chipre tras finalizar segundo pero por delante de Patrick Snijers su gran rival en el certamente europeo. Sin embargo el año no comenzó bien, al retirarse en el Rally Catalunya-Costa Brava, hacer un tercer puesto en Costa Esmeralda y volver a retirarse en Zlatni, logra un segundo en Garriges, cuarto en Ypres y de nuevo se retira en el ADAC Rally y Madeira quedando con pocas opciones al título. Sin embargo gana Halkidikis y un cuarto puesto en el Manx inglés le basta para llegar a Chipre con opciones.

Para 1989 decide no pelear por el título dando apoyo a Yves Lobet que es el piloto de Lancia encargado de pelear por el europeo. Sus resultados ese año fueron un segundo en el Costa Esmeralda, Madeira y Chipre, gana el Rally de Pescara y segundo en el 1000 Miglie. Finaliza cuarto en Europa corriendo solo en tres pruebas.

En 1990 Grifone decide asignar a Piero Liatti para luchar por el título europeo que ese año lograría el belga Robert Droogmans. Tabaton participa en solo tres pruebas del europeo ganando en Bulgaria y haciendo un tercer puesto en el Costa Brava. Al año siguiente hace un programa similar al anterior como piloto y su padre le cede la gestión de Grifone, que ese año logra el campeonato europeo con Liatti, lo que supone el primer éxito como gestor deportivo. Como piloto gana el Garrigues, y queda quinto en Polonia tras un pequeño golpe, gana en Madeira y cede el campeonato a Liatti en el Halkidikis. Otra victoria ese año que logra Tabaton fue en el Rally El Corte Inglés.

Piloto y gestor de Grifone
En el año 1992 reduce sus participaciones al centrarse como gestor de Grifone, desarrollando el HF Ingenering que se encargará de la evolución y mantenimiento de los coches de Grifone. Como piloto hace segundo puesto en Ypres y cuarto en el Corte Inglés y Zlatni búlgaro.
En 1993 de nuevo centrado en la escudería Grifone solo corre algunas pruebas, sus resultados son discretos pero gana el Lanterna y Aosta. En 1994 Grifone se desvincula de Lancia y se une a Toyota que se vuelca con Andrea Aghini. Por primera vez en su carrera Tabaton no corre con un vehículo del grupo Fiat-Lancia, siendo en Ypress su única participación. En 1995 sigue corriendo con el Toyota Celica Turbo 4WD, quedando cuarto en Ypress y tercero en Piancavallo. Finaliza doce en el campeonato de Europa.

La exclusión de Toyota en el mundial, hace que los planes de Grifone se desmoronen. Entre 1996 y 1997 solo corre en la Targa Florio donde queda segundo y en el Piancavallo donde queda cuarto, esta vez con el Celica GT-Four.

Entre 1998 y 2001 se centra en su proyecto con STEP2, por lo que solo participa en el Rally de Montecarlo en 1999 con un Corolla donde abandona. En el 2000 Tabaton alcanza un acuerdo con Peugeot para que sea la marca que compita con los colores de la Grifone. Tras un parón de cuatro años corre en el Rally Lanterna con un Corolla de su empresa, STEP2 consiguiendo un segundo puesto. También compite en el Appennino Ligure donde finaliza segundo por detrás de Ferrecchi que corría con un Peugeot 206 preparado por STEP2, tras un error en pleno tramo al accionar el botón que desconecta la bomba de la gasolina.

En el año 2003 participa en cinco rallyes de Italia con un Toyota Corolla de STEP2, logrando tres victorias, en Valli Imperiesi, Oltrepó Pavese y Ronda de l'Aveto, y un tercer puesto en el Adriatico. En 2004 compite con tres automóviles diferentes: Fiat Uno, Peugeot 206 WRC y Toyota Corolla WRC ganando en los rallyes: Ronda de Aveto, Imperiesi y el Terme de Sicilia.

Entre 2006 y 2008 participa solo en tres pruebas: Apennino, Ronde Rubicone y Ronde di Natale. En 2009 y 2010 participa en varios rallyes destacando el Rally Legends y el Rally Lanterna, siendo en este último la primera edición como memorial Luigi Tabaton, en recuerdo de su padre.

Palmarés

Resultados completos WRC

 Referencias

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Fabrizio-Tabaton.Ewrc-results.com
 Biografía Tabaton.Squadraslot.com

Campeones del Campeonato Europeo de Rally
Pilotos de Lancia en el Campeonato Mundial de Rally
Pilotos de rally de Italia
Nacidos en Génova

Fabrizio Tabaton


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Nová Ves enthält das eine nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützte Objekt in der Gemeinde Nová Ves im Okres Veľký Krtíš.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

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Nova Ves

Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Nová Ves (Veľký Krtíš)


DBU Pokalen 2016-17 er den 63. udgave af DBU Pokalen. Finalen bliver spillet i Parken Kristi Himmelfartsdag d. 25. maj 2017.

Vinderen vil træde ind i Europa League, 2. kvalifikationsrunde. Hvis vinderen samtidig bliver dansk mester, kvalificerer klubben sig imidlertid til UEFA Champions League-kvalifikation i stedet. Pokalvinderens plads vil i stedet tilfalde nummer 2 i Superligaen.

Deltagere

107 hold er med i DBU Pokalen. Alle divisionshold fra sæsonen 2015-16 er automatisk med i pokalturneringen, mens tilmeldte seriehold spillede kvalifikationskampe for at komme med. FC Vestsjælland deltager ikke i pokalturneringen, da klubben er gået konkurs.

Det seriehold fra sæsonen 2015-16, som når længst, får 100.000 kr. Når flere seriehold lige langt, fordeles pengene ligeligt. Denne sæson var det Kjellerup, der nåede længst, da de nåde 1/8-finalerne. Kjellerup spillede sidste sæson i Danmarksserien.

Alka Superligaen

NordicBet Liga

2. division

Seriehold, Bornholm

Seriehold, Fyn

Seriehold, Jylland

Seriehold, København

Seriehold, Lolland-Falster

Seriehold, Sjælland

Første runde
I turneringens første runde er holdene opdelt i en Vest- og Øst-pulje. I Vestpuljen deltager 50 hold, der igen er opdelt i tre puljer, "Nord-puljen", "Midt-puljen" og "Syd/Fyn-puljen". Østpuljen består af 45 hold, der er opdelt i to puljer "Sjælland/Lolland/Falster-puljen" og "Sjælland/København/Bornholm-puljen".

Lodtrækningen fandt sted fredag den 23. juni 2016.

Vest, Nord

Vest, Midt

Vest, Syd/Fyn

Øst, Sjælland/Lolland/Falster

Næstved er oversidder i 1. runde.

Øst, Sjælland/København/Bornholm

Anden runde
I 2. runde træder nummer 5-10 fra Superligaen 2015-16 og nummer 1 og 2 fra 1. division 2015-16 ind i DBU Pokalen og sammen med de 48 vindere fra 1. runde, vil der være 56 hold.

Holdene deles op i 2 lige store puljer, hhv. Øst og Vest. Da der var flere Vest-hold end Øst-hold, er de tre fynske hold, Dalum, Marienlyst og Otterup blevet rykket over i Øst-puljen.

Kampene spilles enten d. 30. august eller 31. august 2016. Lodtrækningen tilrettelægges således, at klubberne i Superligaen ikke kunne møde hinanden, samt så vidt muligt således, at klubberne udenfor Herre-DM ikke kunne møde hinanden.

Lodtrækningen fandt sted fredag d. 12. august 2016.

Vest

Øst

Tredje runde
I 3. runde træder nummer 1-4 fra Superligaen 2015-16 ind i DBU Pokalen og sammen med de 28 vindere fra 2. runde vil der være 32 hold.

Lodtrækningen tilrettelagdes således, at klubberne i Superligaen ikke kunne møde hinanden, samt så vidt muligt således, at klubberne udenfor Herre-DM ikke kunne møde hinanden.

Lodtrækningen fandt sted fredag d. 9. september 2016.

Fjerde runde
Lodtrækningen fandt sted fredag d. 4. november 2016.

Kvartfinaler
Lodtrækningen fandt sted fredag den 17. marts 2017.

Semifinaler
DBU har i denne sæson lavet en strukturændring i DBU Pokalen. Så i stedet for at semifinalerne spilles over to kampe, vil der kun blive spillet en kamp.

Der blev trukket lod den 7. april 2017.

Finale

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Oversigt over deltagere i DBU Pokalen
 DBU Pokalen på DBU's hjemmeside
 Kvalifikationskampe, Bornholm
 Kvalifikationskampe, Fyn
 Kvalifikationskampe, Jylland
 Kvalifikationskampe, København
 Kvalifikationskampe 1. runde, Lolland/Falster
 Kvalifikationskampe 2. runde, Lolland/Falster
 Kvalifikationskampe 3. runde, Lolland/Falster
 Kvalifikationskampe, Sjælland

2016-17
Fodboldsæson 2016-17
2016-17

DBU Pokalen 2016-17


Mökkitie Records ist ein finnisches Musiklabel, dass 2012 von Arttu Wiskari, Janne Rintala and Olli Saksa gegründet wurde. Das Label richtet sich speziell an Pop- und Rockmusik. Der Name des Labels lehnt an den Wiskaris ersten Charterfolg aus dem Jahr 2010 an.

Die erste Veröffentlichung von Mökkitie Records war 2014 das Album Vieras Maa von Antti Railio, das sich in den finnischen Musikcharts 10 Wochen halten konnte.

Künstler

Weblinks

Independent-Label
Finnisches Musiklabel
Pop-Label
Rock-Label
Unternehmen (Espoo)
Gegründet 2012

Mökkitie Records


Stephen "Steve" Brian Foster (* 24. September 1957 in Portsmouth) ist ein ehemaliger englischer Fußballspieler. Zwischen 1982 und 1984 bestritt er drei Länderspiele für England und stand im englischen Kader der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 1982 in Spanien.

Karriere

FC Portsmouth (1975–1979)
Steve Foster startete seine Spielerkarriere in der Saison 1975/76 beim zweitklassigen FC Portsmouth. Nach dem Abstieg in die dritte Liga in seiner ersten Saison stieg Portsmouth 1978 in die Football League Fourth Division ab. Foster verbrachte noch eine weitere Saison als Stammspieler in dieser Spielklasse, ehe er im Sommer 1979 zum Erstliganeuling Brighton & Hove Albion wechselte.

Brighton & Hove Albion (1979–1984)
Der 21-jährige Steve Foster (38 Spiele/1 Tor) erspielte sich in der First Division 1979/80 direkt einen Stammplatz beim Aufsteiger und erreichte als Tabellensechzehnter den Klassenerhalt. Nachdem die Mannschaft aus dem südenglischen Brighton auch in den folgenden beiden Spielzeit den Erstligaverbleib realisiert hatte, stieg Foster (36 Spiele/1 Tor) in der Saison 1982/83 mit seiner Mannschaft als Letzter in die Second Division ab. Dafür gelang dem Verein mit dem Einzug ins Finale des FA Cup 1982/83 der größte Erfolg der Vereinsgeschichte. Der Außenseiter erreichte im ersten Spiel ohne Foster durch ein spätes Tor von Gary Stevens ein 2:2 gegen Manchester United. Am 26. Mai 1983 führte Steve Foster sein Team als Mannschaftskapitän auf den Rasen von Wembley, verlor jedoch dieses Mal deutlich mit 0:4.

Aston Villa und Luton Town (1984–1989)
Am 3. März 1984 wechselte Steve Foster zu Aston Villa. Beim Europapokalsieger von 1982 bestritt er bis Ende der Saison 1983/84 sieben Ligaspiele (ein Tor). Nach zwei Treffern in acht Spielen 1984/85 wechselte er nach nur acht Monaten in Birmingham am 29. November 1984 zum Ligarivalen Luton Town. Auch in Luton etablierte sich Foster als Stammspieler und erreichte in der Football League First Division 1986/87 einen siebten Tabellenrang. Neben dem neunten Platz im Folgejahr zog Steve Foster mit seinen Mitspielern Danny Wilson und David Preece in das Finale des englischen Ligapokal 1987/88 ein. In seiner zweiten Finalpartie in Wembley gewann er mit dem 3:2 gegen den FC Arsenal seinen ersten Titel. Ein Jahr später zog der abstiegsgefährdete Verein erneut ins Ligapokalfinale ein, verlor jedoch diesmal mit 1:3 gegen Nottingham Forest.

Nach dem knapp erreichten Klassenerhalt verließ Steve Foster nach über fünf Jahren Luton und wechselte am 13. Juli 1989 zum Zweitligisten Oxford United. Nach drei Jahren in der Second Division kehrte er am 14. August 1992 mit fast 35 Jahren zu Brighton & Hove Albion zurück. Sein alter Verein war im Vorjahr in die dritte Liga abgestiegen und verblieb in dieser Spielklasse bis zur Saison 1995/96, als Brighton als Vorletzter in die vierte Liga abstieg. Steve Foster beendete daraufhin mit 38 Jahren seine Spielerkarriere.

Englische Nationalmannschaft (1982–1984)
Steve Foster debütierte am 23. Februar 1982 bei einem 4:0-Heimsieg im Freundschaftsspiel gegen Nordirland in der englischen Nationalmannschaft. Nach einem weiteren Spiel in der WM-Vorbereitung wurde der 24-Jährige vom Nationaltrainer Ron Greenwood in den englischen WM-Kader berufen. Nach zwei Siegen in den ersten beiden Spielen der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 1982 in Spanien, kam Foster im dritten Spiele gegen Kuwait zu seinem ersten WM-Einsatz. England zog als Gruppensieger in die Zwischenrunde ein und scheiterte dort am späteren Finalisten Deutschland. Steve Foster wurde von Greenwoods Nachfolger Bobby Robson kein weiteres Mal berücksichtigt.

Titel und Erfolge
 FA-Cup-Finalist: 1983 (2:2 und 0:4 gegen Manchester United)
 Ligapokalsieger: 1988 (3:2 gegen den FC Arsenal)
 Ligapokalfinalist: 1989 (1:3 gegen Nottingham Forest)

Weblinks

 Daten der einzelnen Spielzeiten
 Spiele in der englischen Nationalmannschaft
 Artikel über seine Spiele für England
 Wahl in Luton Towns All Star Team

Einzelnachweise

Fußballnationalspieler (England)
Fußballspieler (FC Portsmouth)
Fußballspieler (Brighton & Hove Albion)
Fußballspieler (Aston Villa)
Fußballspieler (Luton Town)
Fußballspieler (Oxford United)
Brite
Engländer
Geboren 1957
Mann

Steve Foster


Das Niedersächsische Symphonie-Orchester (ursprünglicher Name: Niedersachsenorchester, später: Niedersächsisches Symphonie-Orchester) aus Hannover (NSO) wurde im Jahre 1934 gegründet. Chefdirigent bis 1938 war Fritz Lehmann.

Geschichte
Zu Beginn der Konzertsaison 1938/39 übernahm Helmuth Thierfelder (1897–1966) die Leitung des Orchesters – den Aufgabenbereich örtlicher als auch überregionale Konzerte und Festspielaufführungen. Zu einer ersten Bestandskrise kam es 1950, als der damalige NWDR Hamburg in Hannover ein Rundfunkorchester – die heutige NDR Radiophilharmonie in Hannover – gründete und ein Großteil der Musiker des NSO zum Rundfunk überwechselte. Es kam nun zur Neugründung des Orchesters in neuer Trägerschaft, bestehend aus der Stadt Hannover und dem Land Niedersachsen. Das neue NSO nahm fortan einen steilen Aufstieg und wurde auch für Radio Bremen eingesetzt. Neben Thierfelder berief man Rainer Koch 1961–1965 zum zweiten Dirigenten. 1964 trat Thierfelder von seinem Posten als Chefdirigent zurück, und Rudolf Alberth – aus München kommend – übernahm die Position des Chefdirigenten. Robert Stehli trat 1965 die Nachfolge Kochs als zweiter Dirigent an. Als Gastdirigenten gewann man Hans Zanotelli und Franz-Paul Decker für eine Reihe von Konzerten. 1968 konnte aus Geldmangel die Trägerschaft des NSO durch das Land Niedersachsen nicht fortgeführt werden, das Orchester wurde deshalb zum Ende der Spielzeit 1967/68 aufgelöst.

Literatur
 Heinrich Sievers: Die Musik in Hannover. Sponholtz, Hannover 1961,
Chronik: 135 Jahre Niedersachsenchor Hannover

Einzelnachweise

Sinfonieorchester (Deutschland)
Musikgruppe (Hannover)
Orchester (Niedersachsen)

Niedersächsisches Symphonie-Orchester


400 m individuel medley for herrer under Sommer-OL 2020 vil finde sted den 25. juli - 26. juli 2020.

Medaljefordeling

Turneringsformat
Konkurrencen bliver afviklet med indledende heats og finale. Efter de indledende heats går de 8 bedste tider videre til finalen, hvor medaljerne bliver fordelt.

Tidsplan
Nedenstående tabel viser tidsplanen for afvikling af konkurrencen:

Resultater

Heats

Finale

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

400 m individuel medley (herrer)

Svømning under sommer-OL 2020 – 400 m individuel medley (herrer)


Der Halbtrockenrasen bei Irmenseul ist ein Naturschutzgebiet in der Gemarkung Irmenseul der niedersächsischen Gemeinde Lamspringe im Landkreis Hildesheim.

Das Naturschutzgebiet mit dem Kennzeichen NSG HA 123 ist 2,4 Hektar groß. Es steht seit dem 8. Oktober 1987 unter Schutz. Zuständige untere Naturschutzbehörde ist der Landkreis Hildesheim.

Das Naturschutzgebiet liegt im Leinebergland südwestlich von Irmenseul, einem Ortsteil von Lamspringe, und stellt einen nordexponierten Halbtrockenrasen auf einem Hang am Ostrand des Sackwaldes unter Schutz. Der flachgründige Kalkverwitterungsboden wurde in der Vergangenheit als Schafweide oder Mähwiese genutzt, wodurch sich ein Halbtrockenrasen ausbilden konnte. Dieser bietet zahlreichen bedrohten und schutzbedürftigen Pflanzen- und Tierarten einen Lebensraum und wird heute durch Pflegemaßnahmen erhalten, ein Teil der Fläche wird zeitweise mit Schafen und Ziegen beweidet. Vom BUND, der das Gebiet betreut, wurde im Naturschutzgebiet eine Streuobstwiese als zusätzlicher Lebensraum angelegt. In das Naturschutzgebiet einbezogen worden ist ein kleiner Kalksteinbruch am Hangfuß.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Naturschutzgebiet im Landkreis Hildesheim
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa
Geographie (Lamspringe)
Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland

Halbtrockenrasen bei Irmenseul


An Stipa rosengurttii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Mary Agnes Chase. An Stipa rosengurttii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Stipa, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Stipa

Stipa rosengurttii


was a town located in Futami District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,622 and a density of 49.69 persons per km2. The total area was 72.89 km2.

On April 1, 2004, Miwa, along with the towns of Kisa and Mirasaka, the villages of Funo, Kimita and Sakugi (all from Futami District), and the town of Kōnu (from Kōnu District), was merged with the expanded city of Miyoshi and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

External links
 Official website of Miyoshi

Dissolved municipalities of Hiroshima Prefecture
Miyoshi, Hiroshima

Miwa, Hiroshima


En droit, l'analyse quantitative est l'utilisation de mathématiques, souvent dérivées des probabilités, pour mettre au point et utiliser des modèles permettant aux juristes, chercheurs et autres intellectuels de s'attaquer à quatre problèmes :

 les biais académiques et judiciaires,
 l'insécurité juridique,
 le vide juridique,
 l'irrationnalité.

Références

Droit

Analyse quantitative (droit)


පැය යනු කාලය මැනීමේ ඒකකයකි.

ඔරලෝසු පැය

මධ්‍යන්‍ය සූර්ය දවසකින් 1/24 හෝරාවක් () හෙවත් ඔරලෝසු පැයක්වේ. මෙහි h සංකේතය වෙි. ඔරලෝසු පැයකට මිනිත්තු වලින් නම් 60ක්ද තප්පර වලින් නම් 3 600ක්ද ඇත.

බැබිලෝනියානු පැය

උදයාදී පැය

සූර්ය දවසකින් 1/60 සිංහල පැය හෙවත් උදයාදී පැයක් පැයක්වේ.සිංහල පැයකට විනාඩි වලින් නම් 24ක්ද තප්පර වලින් නම් 1 440ක්ද ඇත.

ජුලියානු දවස් ක්‍රමයේ පැය

පැය


Geithus Station (Geithus stasjon) er en tidligere jernbanestation på Randsfjordbanen, der ligger i bygden Geithus i Modum kommune i Norge.

Stationen åbnede 16. juli 1875, nogle år efter anlægget af banen. Oprindeligt hed den Gjethus, men stavemåden blev ændret til Gjeithus i april 1894 og til Geithus 1. september 1922. Stationen blev fjernstyret 17. december 1973 og gjort ubemandet 1. juli 1987. Betjeningen med persontog ophørte 13. juni 2004, men der er stadig krydsningsspor og sidespor på stedet, der derfor fortsat fremgår af Jernbaneverkets stationsoversigt.

Stationsbygningen blev opført efter tegninger af Georg Andreas Bull, der også stod for en række andre stationsbygninger på banen. Bygningen blev revet ned i 1992, hvorefter passagererne var henvist til et læskur.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

 Geithus Station på Norske jernbanestasjoner

Noter

Stationer på Randsfjordbanen
Jernbanestationer i Norge uden persontrafik
Etableret i 1875
Ophørt i 2004
Jernbanestationer i Viken

Geithus Station


Brava! World Tour fue el nombre de la novena gira musical de la cantante mexicana Paulina Rubio, destinada para promocionar su décimo álbum de estudio, Brava! (2011). La gira comenzó con gran éxito el 2 de febrero de 2012 en la ciudad del zapato, León (Guanajuato) en México. Durante casi 8 meses, sólo contó con una etapa en México y Estados Unidos, aunque se presumió que se recorrería por toda Latinoamérica y Europa, de ahí su nombre World Tour. Sin embargo las fechas de las presentaciones de esos lugares nunca fueron revelados.

Esta gira fue considerada como una de las más pequeñas que la cantante ha realizado en toda su carrera musical, sin embargo logró tener éxito en varias ciudades. Tras su primera aparición en la ciudad de León, la cantante se sorprendió al estar rodeada por más de 2500 espectadores. Lo mismo sucedió en la Macroplaza del Malecón en Veracruz. Pero en las fiestas patrias que se celebró en el Centro Expositor y de Convenciones de Puebla triunfó al interpretar 16 de su éxitos ante 2000 personas. De igual manera presentándose en el mes de septiembre en la plaza de Toros "Fermín Rivera", en San Luis Potosí, reportando un lleno total.

Repertorio
Dependiendo del lugar que visitaba influía en el repertorio de las canciones que Paulina Rubio iba a interpretar durante su concierto. La gira recorrió auditorios, palenques y en algunas ocasiones en festivales nacionales e internacionales. En ciudades como León y Guadalajara se presentó en palenques, cuyo formato presenta como Pau-Lenques —un show especial que la cantante realiza sólo en México—, por lo tanto la mayoría de sus canciones se conformaba por rancheras modernas.

Fechas

Fuentes:

Referencias

Giras musicales de Paulina Rubio
Giras musicales de 2012

Brava! World Tour


Warren Davis es un actor y programador de videojuegos estadounidense. Fue programador para la compañía de arcades Gottlieb, creador del juego Q*bert, entre otros.

Davis desarrolló el sistema de digitalización de vídeo que se utilizó en los videojuegos Williams/Midway desde la década de 1980 hasta mediados de los 90. Esto permitió grabar actores en vivo frente a una pantalla azul, y luego colocar las imágenes en el juego. Entre los juegos que utilizan esta tecnología se incluyen Narc, Mortal Kombat, la serie NBA Jam, Terminator 2, Revolution X, y otros.

Como actor, Davis se ha presentado como personaje secundario en series de televisión, incluyendo House M. D. y Criminal Minds. También actuó en la película independiente Yesterday Was a Lie.

Enlaces externos

 Historia de Q*bert

Actores de cine de Estados Unidos

Warren Davis (actor)


A Ludisia discolor é uma orquídea pertencente ao gênero Ludisia, particularmente conhecida pela beleza singular de suas folhagens, as quais se apresentam com texturas aveludadas e tonalidades variando entre o vinho, vermelho e verde escuro. Em decorrência de sua floração ocorrer em pendões repletos de pequenas flores de pétalas brancas recurvadas, recebe popularmente a denominação de orquídea-pipoca.

Origem
Atualmente, em função de sua ampla utilização como planta ornamental, a Ludisia discolor encontra-se difundida globalmente. Entretanto, em meio natural, esta planta tem origem nas florestas úmidas do sul da China, Nordeste da Índia, Tailândia, Vietnã, Filipinas, Malásia, Indonésia e Myanmar. Juntamente com a Ludisia ravanii complementa a dupla de espécies aceitas dentro do gênero Ludisia.

Descrição
A Ludisia discolor apresenta-se como uma orquídea terrestre, com folhas bastante diferentes das demais plantas de sua família. Suas folhagens apresentam listras, tonalidades variando entre o vinho e verde escuro escuro na face visível da planta e cores rosadas no verso. Deste modo, consistem em uma das poucas orquídeas que possuem folhagens distintas do padrão verde e sem detalhes presentes na maioria das espécies da família Orchidaceae.

Sua floração ocorre de forma abundante. Com periodicidade anual, a planta emite diversas hastes florais entre o final do inverno e o início da primavera, nas quais surgem dezenas de pequenas flores brancas com pétalas levemente dobradas em um formato muito similar ao de uma pipoca, de onde se origina sua nomenclatura popular.

Cuidados
Trata-se de uma orquídea de hábitos terrestres que não necessita de exposição direta ao sol, devendo ficar em local protegido dos raios solares, mas bons níveis de luminosidade. É ideal para cultivo em terrários, por tolerar bem climas quentes e úmidos.

Como se trata de uma planta terrestre, pode ser cultivada diretamente em substratos com húmus ou terra vegetal, sem necessidade de utilização de um substrato específico para orquídeas epífitas.

Durante o crescimento, a planta apresenta tendência de cair para um dos lados do vaso com o tempo. Sua manutenção é baixa e consiste na remoção das folhas e hastes florais secas.

Se o seu rizoma ficar muito alongado, ela perde o vigor tornando-se vulnerável ao ataque de pragas. Neste caso deve ser replantada para recuperar a saúde.

Ao tocar o solo, o rizoma pode produzir raízes, gerando novas mudas, as quais podem ser retiradas e transplantadas para outros locais, dando origem a novos exemplares da planta.

Ludisia
Orchidaceae
Plantas ornamentais

Ludisia discolor


La Orquesta de Cámara Escocesa (en inglés: Scottish Chamber Orchestra, SCO) es la orquesta de cámara nacional de Escocia, con sede en Edimburgo. Es una se las cinco compañías de artes escénicas nacionales de Escocia, la SCO hace representaciones por toda Escocia, incluyendo giras anuales por las Highlands escocesas y las islas y el sur de Escocia. La SCO aparece con regularidad en Edimburgo, East Neuk, Festivales de St Magnus y Aldeburgh y los Proms. Las giras internacionales de la SCO recibe apoyo del gobierno escocés. La orquesta ensaya sobre todo en el Queens Hall de Edimburgo.

Historia
La orquesta se formó en 1974, con Roderick Brydon como su primer director principal, desde 1974 hasta 1983. Otros directores principales han sido Jukka-Pekka Saraste (1987-1991) e Ivor Bolton (1994-1996). El violinista y director de orquesta estadounidense Joseph Swensen sirvió como director principal desde 1996 hasta 2005, y es hoy director emérito de la SCO. Sir Charles Mackerras tuvo el cargo de director laureado hasta su muerte en 2010. El director estonio Olari Elts sirvió como el principal director invitado desde octubre de 2007 hasta septiembre de 2010.  En octubre de 2008, la SCO anunció el nombramiento de Robin Ticciati como el siguiente director principal de la orquesta, efectivo para la temporada 2009-2010, con un contrato inicial de 3 años.  En octubre de 2010, la SCO anunció la ampliación del contrato de Ticciati como director principal para otros 3 años adicionales, hasta la temporada 2014-2015.

Directores
 Roderick Brydon (1974-1983)
 Jukka-Pekka Saraste (1987-1991)
 Ivor Bolton (1994-1996)
 Joseph Swensen (1996-2005)
 Robin Ticciati (2009- )

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sitio oficial de la orquesta
 Farlex biografía de Roderick Brydon

Escocesa
Camara Escocesa
Artistas de Erato Records
Cultura de Edimburgo

Orquesta de Cámara Escocesa


Euston Square é uma estação do Metrô de Londres na esquina da Euston Road e Gower Street, ao norte da University College London; sua entrada principal dá para a torre do University College Hospital. A estação de Euston está além de Euston Square Gardens, que fica uma rua a leste. A estação fica entre Great Portland Street e King's Cross St. Pancras nas linhas Circle, Hammersmith & City e Metropolitan na Zona 1 do Travelcard.

História
A estação foi inaugurada como "Gower Street" em 10 de janeiro de 1863 pela Metropolitan Railway (MR), a primeira ferrovia subterrânea do mundo. A linha segue de leste a oeste sob a Euston Road neste ponto. A estação originalmente tinha entradas em pavilhões de um andar com efeito de pedra reboco de estuque em cada lado da Euston Road com escadas para as plataformas.

O MR foi construído usando o método cut-and-cover com o túnel e as plataformas da estação diretamente sob a estrada. As paredes na parte de trás das plataformas foram originalmente revestidas em tijolos reforçados suportando um arco de tijolo  de largura e  de altura composto de seis a doze camadas de alvenaria. Poços de ventilação revestidos com ladrilhos brancos esmaltados foram espaçados ao longo das plataformas para permitir a entrada de luz pelas aberturas nos jardins frontais das casas no nível da rua.

Serviços
A estação é servida pelas linhas Metropolitan, Hammersmith & City e Circle. Todas as três linhas compartilham o mesmo par de trilhos de Baker Street Junction a Aldgate Junction, tornando esta seção da pista uma das mais intensamente usadas na rede do Metrô de Londres.

Circle line
O serviço típico em trens por hora (tph) é:

 6 tph no sentido horário via Kings Cross St Pancras e Liverpool Street
 6 tph no sentido anti-horário para Hammersmith via Paddington

Hammersmith & City line
O serviço típico em trens por hora (tph) é:

 6 tph sentido leste para Barking
 6 tph sentido oeste para Hammersmith via Paddington

Metropolitan line
O serviço típico fora de pico em trens por hora (tph) é:

 12 tph sentido leste para Aldgate
 12 tph sentido oeste via Baker Street:
 2 tph para Amersham
 2 tph para Chesham
 8 tph para Uxbridge

O serviço típico de horário de pico em trens por hora (tph) é:

 14 tph sentido leste para Aldgate
 14 tph sentido oeste via Baker Street:
 2 tph para Amersham
 2 tph para Chesham
 4 tph para Watford
 6 tph para Uxbridge

Conexões
As rotas de ônibus de Londres 18, 24, 27, 29, 30, 73, 134, 205 e 390 e as rotas noturnas N5, N18, N20, N29, N73, N205, N253 e N279 servem a estação.

Ligações externas

Estações do Metro de Londres

Euston Square (Metropolitano de Londres)


André Eerenstein est un nageur sud-africain.

Carrière
André Eerenstein est médaillé d'or du relais 4 x 100 mètres quatre nages aux Jeux africains de 1995 à Harare. Il est également quatrième de la finale du 100 mètres papillon lors de ces Jeux.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Nageur sud-africain
Nageur de papillon
Médaillé d'or aux Jeux africains

André Eerenstein


The Metropolitan Borough of Walsall is a metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England. It is named after its largest settlement, Walsall, but covers a larger area which also includes Aldridge, Bloxwich, Brownhills, Darlaston, Pelsall and Willenhall.

The borough had an estimated population of 254,500 in 2007.

The borough was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. It is bounded on the west by the City of Wolverhampton, the south by the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, to the south east by the City of Birmingham, and by the Staffordshire districts of Lichfield, Cannock Chase and South Staffordshire to the east, north and northwest respectively.  Most of the borough is highly industrialised and densely populated, but areas around the north and east of the borough are open space.

History

Prior to 1966, the area that would later become the metropolitan borough of Walsall was governed by five smaller local authorities:
Aldridge Urban District
Brownhills Urban District
Darlaston Urban District
Walsall County Borough
Willenhall Urban District
The four urban districts were all within the administrative county of Staffordshire, in a two-tier structure with Staffordshire County Council providing county-level services. Walsall itself was a self-governing county borough, independent from the county council, but was still deemed to be part of Staffordshire for ceremonial purposes.

A review of local government in the West Midlands area was carried out under the Local Government Act 1958, culminating in the West Midlands Review Order 1965, which merged many of the districts in the area with effect from 1 April 1966. Darlaston and Willenhall were both absorbed into the county borough of Walsall, whilst the two urban districts of Brownhills and Aldridge merged to become Aldridge-Brownhills Urban District. At the same time, there were also more minor boundary adjustments with neighbouring areas around the edges of the new districts.

The new arrangements were relatively short-lived. Under the Local Government Act 1972, local government in the area was reviewed again, with Walsall County Borough and Aldridge-Brownhills Urban District merging to become the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall on 1 April 1974. On the same date the area became part of the new metropolitan county of West Midlands. For the next twelve years there was a two-tier structure in place, with West Midlands County Council providing higher county-level services. The county council was abolished in 1986.

There were adjustments to some of the boundaries between Walsall and its neighbours in 1994.

Governance

Parliamentary constituencies
The residents of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall are represented in the British Parliament by Members of Parliament (MPs) for three separate parliamentary constituencies. Since the 2017 General Election, Walsall North has been represented by Eddie Hughes MP (Conservative), Walsall South by Valerie Vaz MP (Labour) and Aldridge-Brownhills by Wendy Morton MP (Conservative). The borough is part of the West Midlands constituency in the European Parliament. Prior to Brexit in 2020, the West Midlands region elected seven MEPs.

Council

In 1974, Walsall Metropolitan Borough Council was created to administer the new metropolitan borough. Elections to the council take place in three out of every four years, with one-third of the seats being contested at each election. Between its formation in 1974 and the 2003 election, the council varied between control by the Labour Party, and where no one party had an overall majority. From 2003 to 2011 the Conservative Party then held a majority of councillors. At the 2011 election the Conservative Party lost five seats, while Labour gained eight, and afterwards no party held a majority.  At the 2019 election, the Conservative Party regained control of the council.

Demography

At the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, according to the Office for National Statistics, the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall had a total resident population of 253,499, of which 123,189 (48.6%) were male and 130,310 (51.4%) were female, with 101,333 households. The Borough occupied  at the time of the 2001 census.

Its population density was 22.79 people per hectare compared with an average of 28.41 across the West Midlands metropolitan county. The median age of the population was 37, compared with 36 within the West Midlands metropolitan county and 37 across England and Wales.

The majority of the population of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall were born in England (91.77%); 1.42% were born elsewhere within the United Kingdom, 0.82% within the rest of the European Union, and 6.00% elsewhere in the world.

Data on religious beliefs across the borough in the 2001 census show that 72.1% declared themselves to be Christian, 10.0% said they held no religion, and 5.4% reported themselves as Muslim. Whereas in the 2011 Census 59% declared themselves to be Christian, 26% said they held no religion or did not state their religion, and 8.2% reported themselves as Muslim.

Within the Metropolitan Borough, 42.84% of households owned a single car or van, with 31.05% owning none.  The average car ownership per household was 1.01, compared with 0.96 across the West Midlands metropolitan county.

Population change
The table below details the population change in the area since 1801. Although the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall has existed as a metropolitan borough only since 1974, figures have been generated by combining data from the towns, villages, and civil parishes that would later be constituent parts of the borough.

Economy

At the time of the 2001 census, there were 105,590 people (41.7%) in employment who were resident within Walsall Metropolitan Borough.  Of these, 18.60% worked within the wholesale and retail trade, including repair of motor vehicles; 26.44% worked within manufacturing industry; and 9.85% worked within the health and social work sector.

At the 2001 UK census, Walsall Metropolitan Borough had 180,623 residents aged 16 to 74. 2.3% of these people were students with jobs, 6.0% looking after home or family, 6.8% permanently sick or disabled and 2.4% economically inactive for other reasons. These figures are roughly in line with the averages for England, though Metropolitan Borough of Walsall has a higher rate of people who are permanently sick and disabled, where the national average is 5.3%.

The Metropolitan Borough of Walsall is split between several travel to work areas (TTWA).  The central and northern areas of the borough (including the towns of Walsall, Bloxwich and Brownhills) are within the Walsall and Cannock TTWA, whilst the majority of the area west of the M6 motorway (including the towns of Willenhall and Darlaston) is within the Wolverhampton TTWA. The southeast of the Metropolitan Borough (including Streetly) is within the Birmingham TTWA. The entire borough is within the Birmingham Larger Urban Zone.

Average house prices in the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall were fourth out of the metropolitan boroughs in the West Midlands county, with the average house price within the borough being £131,131 during the period April – June 2009, compared with the average across the Metropolitan County of £128,142. Following transfer from the council in 2003, social housing in the area is primarily managed by WATMOS (consisting of eight Tenant management organisations), and the Walsall Housing Group.

Transport

The A34 trunk road runs directly through the middle of Walsall .

An elevated section of the M6 Motorway built in 1968 half circles around Walsall to the West of the town.  There can be increased congestion on the local A roads whenever the motorway is temporarily closed or in a state of serious delay as road users try to bypass the problem. Junctions (North to South) 11, 10, 9 and 7 allow access to and from various parts of the town. The M6 and M5 join at junction 8.

The A454 runs through Walsall on its way to Sutton Coldfield from Bridgnorth.

Localities

 See List of areas in Walsall

Education

45% of pupils in the Borough of Walsall achieved five GCSEs with grades of A*-C, below the national average of 56%.

The borough's education format is a traditional 5–7 infant, 7–11 junior and 11-16/18 secondary school system, with some infant and junior schools being combined single site primary schools, while others have infant and junior schools on separate sites. The towns of Walsall, Bloxwich, Darlaston and Willenhall have always used these age ranges, but the Aldridge, Brownhills and Streetly areas (which became part of the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall in 1974) adopted 5–9 first, 9–13 middle and 13-16/18 secondary schools in September 1972. However, this system was discontinued and replaced with the traditional age ranges in September 1986 to fit in with the other schools in the Walsall borough.

Freedom of the Borough
The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Walsall.

Individuals
 Professor Rashid Gatrad: 29 January 2014.
 Neville John Holder: 24 June 2014.
 Ian Shires: 17 November 2021.

Military units
 The South Staffordshire Regiment: 1946.
 The Staffordshire Regiment: 1959.
 The Mercian Regiment: 2007.

References

Black Country Local Enterprise Partnership
Metropolitan boroughs of the West Midlands (county)
NUTS 3 statistical regions of the United Kingdom

Metropolitan Borough of Walsall


The Ripping Friends: The World's Most Manly Men! (also known as The Ripping Friends) is an animated television series created by John Kricfalusi, creator of The Ren & Stimpy Show on Nickelodeon. The series aired for one season on Fox Kids, premiering on September 22, 2001 and ending on January 26, 2002. The show was subsequently picked up for syndication by Adult Swim, where it reran from 2002 to 2004. The show occasionally airs in Canada on Teletoon. The show also aired briefly in the United Kingdom on the CNX channel and on ABC in Australia.

History
Kricfalusi and his long-time collaborator Jim Smith created the Ripping Friends before they created the similar superhero Powdered Toast Man for The Ren & Stimpy Show. After Nickelodeon fired Kricfalusi from The Ren & Stimpy Show in September 1992, he had plans to make a feature film starring the world's "manliest men".  The feature film plan was scrapped, but the characters were used in The Ripping Friends. Also, as early as a 1987 story session for the Mighty Mouse: The New Adventures, Kricfalusi, who would go on to develop the concept for The Ripping Friends for around a decade, had proposed using a wad of gum as a character, an idea which was employed to create the first villain for the new series, the Indigestible Wad. The Ripping Friends was slated to premiere in September 2000 along with another Spümcø show on Fox Family, The Heart Aches, which follows the adventures surrounding a girl band. The latter one never made it to television, and The Ripping Friends first aired a year later, after missing another premiere slated for May 2001, lasting for thirteen episodes. The budget was set to US$400,000 per episode.
Because of production costs, the show was cancelled after one season and thirteen episodes.

Kricfalusi felt the show's animation supervisors were doing away with the Spümcø style (primarily Jim Smith's designs) and was displeased with the direction. He was not fully involved until halfway through production and considers the episodes with his involvement to be experimental. One of his contributions to the show was directing the voice actors, whom he "really worked out" so much that he was afraid he'd give one of them a heart attack, which resulted in re-casting the original voice of Crag, Harvey Atkin, with Mark Dailey. Although Kricfalusi directed the actors, he recorded for his characters separately at his home.

Plot
The show focused on a group of four ultra-masculine, massively muscular superhuman brothers who attempt to fight crime from their base, RIPCOT (the Really Impressive Prototype City Of (Next) Tuesday): Crag, Rip, Slab, and Chunk Nuggett, Crag being the leader. Friends of the four include Jimmy The Idiot Boy, a mentally-challenged drooling child, and their foster mother He-Mom (the name speaks for itself). The villains range from the Indigestible Wad (a wad of gum who sucks moisture out of people), to the evil Euroslavian dictator Citracett, to Flathead (an invertebrate in search of a spine), to their own underpants.

Each episode was usually tagged with a short episode which Kricfalusi says was composed of "left overs". These segments were called "Rip Along with the Ripping Friends" and usually portrayed the Ripping Friends solving the problems of fans. These included: addressing the fact that hot dogs come in packs of 12 and the buns in packs of 8; "ripping" the man who creates insane video game controllers and the man who writes the instructions for them; and finding out why toys no longer come in cereal boxes, among others. In each segment viewers (referred to as "kids") are asked to "rip along" with the action by ripping pieces of paper up in front of the television when coaxed to.

Characters
 Crag (voiced by Harvey Atkin in the earlier appearances, Mark Dailey in later appearances) – The two-fisted scientist leader of the Ripping Friends.
 Slab (voiced by Merwin Mondesir) – African-American member of the Ripping Friends and Crag's right-hand man.
 Chunk Nuggett (voiced by Michael Kerr) – The often childish "kid brother" member of the Ripping Friends.
 Rip (voiced by Mike MacDonald) – The Kirk Douglas-style hothead of the Ripping Friends.
 Jimmy the Idiot Boy (voiced by John Kricfalusi) – The  Ripping Friends' loyal, simple-minded assistant who they created from their combined DNA.
 He-Mom – The Ripping Friends' tough little foster mother whose sadistically brutal training regime and the all-meat diet she feeds them gives the brothers their superior strength and incredibly high tolerance for pain (in fact they actually seem to enjoy it).
 Citracett (voiced by John Kricfalusi) – The fiendish little dictator of Euroslavia who is the recurring antagonist of the series, a lemon-emblemed evil genius who later renames himself Stinkybutt the Foul after gaining the ability to use his own flatulence as a weapon.
Dr. Jean Poole – Smart and sexy scientist who becomes the Ripping Friends' shared polyandrous girlfriend (once He-Mom explained to them what a "girl" was).

Episodes

Censorship
 In a segment where Rip is asked by a fan to find out why hot dogs come in packs of twelve and hot dog buns come in packs of eight, Rip beats up a male hot dog and a female bun and asks them to "hug". The hot dog begins to slip inside the bun, and the segment immediately fades to black. The scene was restored when the episode ran on Adult Swim.
 The episodes "The Infernal Wedding" and "Jimmy's Kidnapped" never aired on Fox Kids at all, with the former being skipped due to scenes considered to be offensive following the September 11 attack. Both episodes would subsequently air on Adult Swim during reruns.

Merchandise
Hearst Entertainment and Spümcø licensed Playmates Toys to create toys based on the show. A video game based on the show was released by THQ for the Game Boy Advance and consulted by John Kricfalusi.

Telecast and home media
In the U.S., the series was first premiered on September 22, 2001 on Fox Kids until the final episode's airing on January 26, 2002. Adult Swim later picked up the show, which aired from October 6, 2002 to March 28, 2004. The show occasionally airs in Canada on Teletoon. The show also aired briefly in the United Kingdom on the CNX channel and on ABC in Australia.

Two videotapes with two episodes each were initially available with the two volumes later combined into a single DVD release with four episodes.

In Australia, the complete series was released on Region 4 DVD by Madman Entertainment.

References

External links

2000s American animated television series
2001 American television series debuts
2002 American television series endings
2000s Canadian animated television series
2001 Canadian television series debuts
2002 Canadian television series endings
American children's animated action television series
American children's animated adventure television series
American children's animated comedy television series
American children's animated superhero television series
Canadian children's animated action television series
Canadian children's animated adventure television series
Canadian children's animated comedy television series
Canadian children's animated superhero television series
Censored television series
English-language television shows
Fox Kids
Teletoon original programming
Australian Broadcasting Corporation original programming
Parody superheroes
Spümcø
Television series by 9 Story Media Group
Television series by Lionsgate Television
Superhero teams
Television series created by John Kricfalusi
Impact of the September 11 attacks on television

The Ripping Friends


El arroyo Corrales es un curso de agua uruguayo que atraviesa el departamento de Rivera perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica del Río Uruguay.

Nace en la cuchilla de Santa Ana, cerca del límite con Brasil y desemboca en el Arroyo Cuñapirú tras recorrer alrededor de 41 km.

Corrales
Cuenca del río Tacuarembó
Corrales

Arroyo Corrales (Rivera)


Os Timanaes eram um povo indígena que viveu durante a conquista espanhola no vale do rio Timaná. Suas aldeias também estavam instaladas ao longo de toda a margem direita do rio Magdalena e iam até a foz do rio Suaza, localizado no departamento colombiano de Huila.

Segundo os historiadores castelhanos Herrera e Fray Pedro Simón, a origem do município de Timaná corresponde à existência da tribo dos índios timanaes, yalcones e apiramas nesta zona, eram comandados pelos caciques Inando, Pionza, Añolongo, Meco, Timano e a Gaitana. Segundo o jesuíta Juan de Velasco, o território dos timanaes estava entre o dos paez (ao ocidente) e o dos andaquíes (ao oriente).

Ainda que para alguns estudiosos, falavam uma língua da família linguística chibcha, Adelaar considera o idioma como uma língua não classificada por falta de dados seguros.

Ver também
 Lista de povos indígenas por região geográfica
 Línguas indígenas da América
 Gaitana
 Andaquí
 Yalcón
 Tama
 Pijao
 Nasa (Paez)

Referências

Bibliografia

 Friede, Juan (1953) Os andakí, 1538-1947; história da aculturação de uma tribo selvática. México: Fundo de Cultura Económica.

!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Povos originários)
Povos indígenas da Colômbia

Timanaes


Richard Edmund Neal (born February 14, 1949) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for  since 1989. The district, numbered as the 2nd district from 1989 to 2013, includes Springfield, West Springfield, Pittsfield, Holyoke, Agawam, Chicopee and Westfield, and is much more rural than the rest of the state. A member of the Democratic Party, Neal has been the dean of Massachusetts's delegation to the United States House of Representatives since 2013, and he is also the dean of the New England House delegations.

Neal was president of the Springfield City Council from 1979 to 1983 and mayor of Springfield from 1983 to 1989. He was nearly unopposed when he ran for the House of Representatives in 1988, and took office in 1989.

Neal chaired the House Ways and Means Committee from 2019 to 2023 and chaired the Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures. He has also dedicated much of his career to U.S.–Ireland relations and maintaining American involvement in the Northern Ireland peace process, for which he has won several acclamations. He has a generally liberal voting record, but is considered a moderate on such issues as abortion and trade. In January 2020, Neal was inducted into the Irish American Hall of Fame.

Early life, education, and academic career
Richard Edmund Neal was born in 1949, in Worcester, Massachusetts, the oldest of three children of Mary H. (Garvey) and Edmund John Neal. He and his two younger sisters were raised in Springfield by their mother, a housewife, and their father, a custodian at MassMutual. Neal's maternal grandparents were from Northern Ireland and his paternal grandparents were from Ireland and Cornwall, England. Neal's mother died of a heart attack when he was 13, and he was attending Springfield Technical High School when his father, an alcoholic, died. Neal and his two younger sisters moved in with their grandmother and later their aunt, forced to rely on Social Security checks as they grew up.

After graduating from high school, Neal attended Holyoke Community College in Holyoke, Massachusetts, and then American International College in Springfield, with the assistance of survivor's benefits. He graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor of Arts in political science. He then attended the University of Hartford's Barney School of Business and Public Administration, graduating in 1976 with a Master of Arts in public administration. Early in his career Neal taught history at Cathedral High School.

Local government

Neal began his political career as co-chairman of Democratic presidential candidate George McGovern's 1972 election campaign in Western Massachusetts. In 1973 he became an assistant to Springfield Mayor William C. Sullivan. Neal was elected to the Springfield City Council in 1978 and was named President of the City Council in 1979. The following year he was named as a delegate for presidential candidate Ted Kennedy at the 1980 Democratic National Convention. While a city councilor, Neal taught history at Cathedral High School, and gave lectures at Springfield College, American International College, Springfield Technical Community College, and Western New England College.

In 1983, Neal made plans to challenge Theodore Dimauro, the Democratic incumbent mayor of Springfield. The pressure led Dimauro to retire and Neal was elected mayor. Neal was reelected in 1985 and 1987. As mayor, Neal oversaw a period of significant economic growth, with over $400 million of development and investment in the city, and a surplus in the city budget. He worked to strengthen Springfield's appearance, pushing to revive and preserve the city's historic homes and initiating a Clean City Campaign to reduce litter.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

Neal ran for the United States House of Representatives in  in 1988 after 18-term Democratic incumbent Edward Boland retired. Boland had alerted Neal of his impending retirement, giving him a head start on his campaign. Neal raised $200,000 in campaign contributions and collected signatures across the district before the retirement was formally announced. He was unopposed in the Democratic primary, and his only general election opponent was Communist Party candidate Louis R. Godena, whom he defeated with over 80 percent of the vote.

Neal has won reelection every two years since. Former Springfield mayor Theodore Dimauro, reflecting sentiments that Neal had an unfair advantage in the previous election, ran as a challenger in the 1990 Democratic primary. Dimauro's campaign was sullied by a false rumor he spread about the Bank of New England's financial situation, and Neal won the primary easily. He was unopposed in the general election, winning 68 percent of the vote. In 1992, his popularity was threatened by the House banking scandal, in which he had made dozens of unpenalized overdrafts at the House Bank. After narrowly defeating two Democratic opponents, he was challenged by Republican Anthony W. Ravosa Jr., and Independent Thomas R. Sheehan. Neal won with 53 percent of the vote.

In a Springfield Union-News poll taken in mid-October 1994, Neal was ahead of John Briare by only 6 percentage points. Neal went on to spend nearly $500,000 in the last two weeks of the campaign to defeat Briare. The 1994 general election also featured a third-party candidate, Kate Ross, who received 6% of the vote. With blanks, Neal actually received only 51% of the vote in 1994.

Since 1994 Neal has had little electoral opposition. He was challenged by Mark Steele in 1996 and easily dispatched him with 71 percent of the vote and ran unopposed in 1998. In 2000 he won the Democratic primary against Joseph R. Fountain, who challenged Neal's positions as "anti-choice" and "anti-gun". Neal had been unopposed in the general election since 1996, but faced Republican opponent Tom Wesley in the 2010 U.S. congressional elections, which Neal won by a margin of 57% to 43%.

For his first 12 terms in Congress, Neal represented a district centered on Springfield and stretching as far east as the southern and western suburbs of Worcester. When Massachusetts lost a congressional district after the 2010 census, the bulk of Neal's territory, including his home in Springfield, was merged with the 1st district, held by fellow Democrat John Olver. While it retained Olver's district number, it was geographically and demographically more Neal's district; it now covered almost all of the Springfield metropolitan area. The prospect of an incumbent vs. incumbent contest was averted when Olver retired. The new 1st was no less Democratic than the old 2nd, and Neal was reelected without much difficulty in 2012, 2014 and 2016.

In the 2018 Democratic primary, Neal defeated Springfield attorney Tahirah Amatul-Wadud, 70.7% to 29.3%. In the final days of the campaign Neal had $3.1 million in the bank to Amatul-Wadud's $20,000.

Holyoke mayor Alex Morse unsuccessfully challenged Neal in the 2020 Democratic primary election. In the 2020 election, Neal received the most PAC money of any candidate: $3.1 million out of his $4.9 million total raised.

Tenure

Neal has a generally liberal political record. He was given a 100 percent "Liberal Quotient" by Americans for Democratic Action (ADA) for his 2008 voting record, and the organization named him one of the year's "ADA Heroes". He was given an 8.19 percent "Lifetime Rating" by the American Conservative Union (ACU) based on his votes from 1989 to 2009. In the 110th United States Congress Neal voted with the Democratic Party leadership on 98.9 percent of bills; in the 111th United States Congress, Neal voted with the Democratic party leadership 95% of the time.

Neal served as a member of the House Democratic Steering Committee in the 105th Congress and was an at-large whip for the House Democrats. He is a co-chair of the New England Congressional Caucus, a group aiming to advance the regional interests of New England.

Economy and budget
With several committee posts, Neal has made economic policy the focus of his career, although his success has been mixed. He served his first two terms on the House Banking Committee, where he served on the Financial Services Subcommittee. As the banking reform law of 1991 was being drafted, he cautioned that President George H. W. Bush's proposal could negatively affect small businesses and minority-owned businesses. He introduced an amendment to require reports on lending to these businesses, which was adopted.

In 1993 Neal moved to the House Ways and Means Committee, where he currently serves. He has been chairman of the Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures since 2008 and is a member of the Subcommittee on Trade. Previously he served on the Oversight and Social Security subcommittees. In the late 2000s analysts considered Neal a likely frontrunner for chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, and in the wake of Charles B. Rangel's 2010 departure he began actively seeking the post. In June 2010, while pursuing the chairmanship, he invited campaign contributors to a $5,000-per-person weekend fundraiser in Cape Cod. This drew fire from The Boston Globe, which criticized him for "[acceding] to the capital's money culture."

According to Congressional Quarterly's Politics in America, one of Neal's longstanding legislative priorities is to simplify the tax code. Neal has long advocated repealing the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT), believing its effects have reached unreasonably low income brackets. He led an unsuccessful movement to reform the AMT in 2007. In 1998 he successfully pushed to exempt a child tax credit from being affected by the AMT, and in 2001 Congress made the exemption permanent at his urging. He voted against the tax cuts of 2001 and 2003, saying they would force millions onto the AMT. Another priority of Neal's is to eliminate tax "loopholes" that favor higher-income individuals. He was the lead proponent of a bill to require federal contractors to pay federal taxes for workers hired through offshore shell headquarters. The bill, H.R. 6081, passed both houses of Congress unanimously and was signed into law in May 2008.

On trade policy, Neal has a moderate record, supporting lower trade barriers. He voted against the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1993. In 1995 and 2002 he voted against fast track bills that gave the president the authority to negotiate trade deals without amendments by Congress. In 2007 he voted in favor of the United States – Peru Trade Promotion Agreement despite some Democratic opposition.

Neal is a strong supporter of the Social Security program. He moved from the Trade subcommittee to the Social Security subcommittee in 2005 to challenge President George W. Bush's attempts to partially privatize it. He pushed a proposal to automatically enroll employees in Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), and successfully lobbied President Barack Obama to include it in a proposed 2009 budget outline.

In February 2019, Neal came under criticism for failing to promptly exercise his authority as Ways and Means Committee chair to subpoena Donald Trump's tax returns. Citing a need to build a strong case in a potential lawsuit, Neal delayed taking this step until May 2019.

In 2019 the House Ways and Means Committee led by Neal passed a bill that would prohibit the IRS from creating a free electronic tax filing system. During his 2016 and 2018 campaigns, Neal received $16,000 in contributions from Intuit and H&R Block, two tax preparation companies that have lobbied against the creation of free tax filing systems.

For his tenure as the chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee in the 116th Congress, Neal earned an "F" grade from the non-partisan Lugar Center's Congressional Oversight Hearing Index.

Foreign policy

Descended from Irish nationalist grandparents on both sides, Neal has been an advocate for Irish concerns throughout his Congressional career, pushing to keep the United States involved in the Northern Ireland peace process. He is the co-chair of the ad hoc Committee on Irish Affairs, has been chairman of the Friends of Ireland since 2007, and was considered as a candidate for United States Ambassador to Ireland in 1998. After the disarmament of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) in September 2005, Neal was among a group of Congressmen who met with Sinn Féin MP Martin McGuinness to congratulate him on the disarmament and ensure a lasting peace had been reached. Neal invited Sinn Féin President Gerry Adams to the inauguration of Barack Obama in January 2009. Neal has been named as one of the top 100 Irish-Americans by Irish America magazine and received the International Leadership Award from The American Ireland Fund in 2002.

Neal is an opponent of the Iraq War, saying it was based on false intelligence. He voted against the original invasion in 2003 and opposed President Bush's 2006 request to send additional troops. He cited veterans' affairs as his top priority in 2010.

In 2017, Neal backed the Israeli Anti-Boycott Act, aimed to punish companies that boycott Israel.

Health care
A longtime advocate of health care reform, Neal was involved in the major health care reform efforts of 1993–94 and 2009–10. In working on the unsuccessful Clinton health care plan of 1993 he served the interests of the major health insurance and medical companies in his district, achieving a compromise allowing insurance companies to charge small businesses higher premiums. He was later involved writing the House's 2009 health care reform bill, the Affordable Health Care for America Act. As chairman of the Select Revenue Measures subcommittee, he had a hand in developing the bill's financing plan. He explained that his priorities were to address "pre-existing conditions, capping out-of-pocket expenses and making sure people don't lose their health care if they lose their job". Despite his support for the act, he spoke about his preference for a "piecemeal" approach to health care reform, saying it would allow for a more reasonable debate.

As chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, before a March 2019 hearing on Medicare for All, Neal told Democrats on the panel that he didn't want the phrase "Medicare for All" to be used. He argued that Medicare for All was wrong on policy and a political loser. In December 2019, some blamed Neal for killing legislation that would have ended surprise medical bills, suspecting it may have been because of industry lobbyist donations to his reelection campaign. As of the 2019–20 election cycle, Neal is third-highest among House members in campaign contributions from the health services/HMO industry. The insurance and pharmaceutical industries are among the top contributors to his campaign committee.

Retirement planning

Neal introduced the bipartisan SECURE Act of 2019, which contained a number of provisions to expand access to retirement planning options and encourage employers to set up retirement plans for workers. The bill, originally introduced in late March 2019, became law in December 2019 as part of the fiscal year 2020 federal appropriations bill.

Ukraine
In 2023, Neal was among 49 Democrats to break with President Joe Biden, by voting for a ban on cluster munitions to Ukraine.

Abortion

Representing a relatively Catholic district, Neal has a more conservative record on abortion than other representatives from Massachusetts. He said in 2010, "I have always opposed taxpayer funding of abortion. I'd keep Roe v. Wade and restrict it. I've always thought: keep abortion, with restrictions for late-term abortion. [Given] the voting pattern I have, both sides would say I'm mixed, and guess what? That's where the American people are." He voted for the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, which made the intact dilation and extraction abortion procedure illegal in most cases. During debate on the House health care reform bill, he voted in favor of the Stupak–Pitts Amendment to restrict government funding of abortion. In 2021 Neal was listed as an original co-sponsor of the Women's Health Protection Act.

Other social issues
On other social issues Neal has a moderate record: he supports a proposed Constitutional amendment to ban desecration of the U.S. flag, and has twice voted against an amendment to ban same-sex marriage.

Committee assignments
Committee on Ways and Means (chair)
As the chair of the committee as a whole, he serves as an ex officio member on all the subcommittees
Joint Committee on Taxation (chair)

Caucus memberships
Congressional Arts Caucus
Afterschool Caucuses
U.S.-Japan Caucus
New England Congressional Caucus (Co-chair)
Friends of Ireland

Personal life
Neal is a Roman Catholic. He lives in Springfield with his wife Maureen Neal, née Conway. They have four children: Rory Christopher, Brendan Conway, Maura Katherine, and Sean Richard. In addition to his duties as a congressman, Neal teaches a journalism course at the University of Massachusetts Amherst called "The Politician and the Journalist".

See also
Electoral history of Richard Neal

References

External links

Congressman Richard E. Neal official U.S. House website
Richard Neal for Congress

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Living people
1949 births
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
21st-century Roman Catholics
American LGBT rights activists
American International College alumni
American people of Irish descent
American people of English descent
American Roman Catholics
Catholic politicians from Massachusetts
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
Holyoke Community College alumni
Springfield, Massachusetts City Council members
Mayors of Springfield, Massachusetts
Politicians from Worcester, Massachusetts
University of Hartford alumni
University of Massachusetts Amherst faculty

Richard Neal