أبو العبد البيروتي، هو شخصية فولكلورية لبنانية يشتهر بفتوته وحنكته المضحكة ويُمثل شخصية البسطاوي البيروتي، و«القبضاي» الذي يحمل عصا من الخيزران الرفيع ويرتدي قمبازاً (جلابية) من الحرير الإيطالي. بدأ كحكواتي يعرض قصص أهل بيروت بطريقة ظريفة. ثم تطور إلى شخصية سينمائية وتلفزيونية. والآن أصبح شخصية خيالية بطل النكت اللبنانية مع رفيقه «أبو صطيف» وزوجته «أم العبد» وابنه الساذج «عبد». وهناك الآلاف من النكت تدور حول شخصيته.

تاريخ الشخصية

الحكواتي
أول من ظهر بشخصية أبو العبد البيروتي كان «خليل شحاده» في ستينات القرن العشرين، الذي كان يعرض قصصه على مسرح «الفاروق» في وسط بيروت. وكان يرتاده البيارتة (البيروتيين) البسطاء ومعهم أركيلتهم و«سندويشاتهم» وأكياس من بزر البطيخ والمكسرات. ويضحك السامعون لمرجلات أبو العبد ومغامراته وهز الخيزرانة الرفيعة في الهواء كلما هدّد خصماً أو كلما تعرض له أحد قائلا باللهجة البسطاوية «ايشبك يا خال، عارف مين عم تحكي؟». وكان خليل شحادة رجلاً سميناً يتعرق باستمرار، وبين فينة وفينة يقطع النص ليطمئن إلى أحوال أحد الحضور: «شو جابت بنتك خييي أبو صطيف؟» (أي بماذا رزقت ابنتك أخي مصطفى).

الشخصية التلفزيونية
كان أحمد خليفة أول من جسد شخصية أبو العبد على شاشة التلفزيون وبدا بقمبازه وطربوشه الأحمر وخيزرانته تقليدا لابو عبد خليل شحادة إلا أنه أضاف شاربين مقوسين صعوداً، علامة القباضيات وزعماء الشارع والمقهى والرصيف والنرجيلة التي تلازمه. كذلك برع أبو العبد التلفزيوني في أداء دور «الحكواتي»، فراحَ يروي سيرة عنترة والمهلهل والزير سالم، لا سيما في الأمسيات الرمضانية على مدى عقود من الزمن. وحفظ الجمهور عبارته «ايش يا خال». أنتج له «تلفزيون لبنان» سلسلة كوميديّة خفيفة باسمه في نهاية الستينيات وبدايات السبعينيات، وأطلّ في شخصيته المعروفة في إذاعة لبنان.

ومثل محمد شبارو شخصية أبو العبد على المسرح مع فرقة الشانسونيير الساخرة بقيادة وسيم طبارة.

شخصيات مشابهة
وقلد العديد من الفنانين شخصية أبو العبد بأسماء مختلفة منها أبو الشباب، أبو الشبب ومؤخرًا أبو رياض على شاشة تلفزيون المستقبل اللبناني.

نكت أبو عبد
انتقل أبو العبد من دوره التقليدي ليحتل عالم النكات ويرمز إلى شخصية البيروتي القديم البسيط والخفيف الظل الذي يضخم الأمور ليتباهى ببطولاته، ما يثير حفيظة «أم العبد» التي تسعى إلى عصرنته وتفشل دائما. بدأت هذه الطرائف تنتشر خلال الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية، ربما للتعبير عن عجز المواطن العادي حيال قوى الأمر الواقع التي لا ترعى حرمة كبير أو صغير لتفرض هيمنتها على الأحياء. إلا أن هذه الطرائف تطورت ووسعت إطارها لتلبس شخصية أبو عبد كل ما يجول في خاطر الناس من تعليقات لطيفة وطريفة وسمجة وأحيانًا بذيئة. هذه الشخصية المشهورة التي لم تجد من يؤطر أخبارها أو يجمع تراثها.

المراجع

تجسيدات وطنية
ثقافة لبنانية
شخصيات فكاهية وطريفة
تراث شعبي لبناني
لبنانيون خياليون
ممثلون وممثلات لبنانيون

أبو العبد البيروتي


Neslandsvatn Station (Neslandsvatn stasjon) er en jernbanestation på Sørlandsbanen, der ligger i byområdet Neslandsvatn i Drangedal kommune i Norge. Den består af nogle få spor, to perroner og en stationsbygning opført i træ efter tegninger af Gudmund Hoel. Stationen ligger med udsigt over søen Lundtveittjern.

Stationen åbnede 2. december 1927, da Sørlandsbanen blev forlænget dertil fra Lunde og videre derfra som Kragerøbanen til Kragerø. 10. november 1935 blev Sørlandsbanen forlænget fra Neslandsvatn til Nelaug, hvorefter Kragerøbanen blev en sidebane. Persontrafikken på den blev indstillet 1. januar 1989, og senere samme år blev den helt nedlagt. I stedet må passagerne nu køre med bus de 27 km til Kragerø.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

Stationer på Sørlandsbanen
Etableret i 1927
Stationer på Kragerøbanen
Jernbanestationer i Telemark

Neslandsvatn Station


Irland nahm in London an den Olympischen Spielen 2012 teil. Es war die insgesamt 20. Teilnahme an Olympischen Sommerspielen. Vom Olympic Council of Ireland wurden 65 Athleten in 14 Sportarten nominiert.

Fahnenträgerin bei der Eröffnungsfeier war die Boxerin Katie Taylor.

Medaillen

Medaillenspiegel

Medaillengewinner

Gold

Silber

Bronze

Teilnehmer nach Sportarten

Badminton

Boxen

Judo

Kanu

Kanurennsport

Kanuslalom

Leichtathletik
Laufen und Gehen

Springen und Werfen

Moderner Fünfkampf

Radsport

Bahn
Mehrkampf

Straße

Reiten

Ursprünglich war Denis Lynch als Einzelstarter im Springreiten nominiert. Nach dem Ausschluss seines geplanten  Olympiapferdes Lantinus beim CHIO Aachen 2012 wurde seine Nominierung zurückgezogen. Stattdessen wurde Cian O'Connor nominiert.

Rudern

Schießen

Schwimmen

Segeln
Fleet Race

Triathlon

Turnen

Gerätturnen

Weblinks

 Irland bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 2012 auf Sports-Reference.com

Einzelnachweise

Irland
Sommerspiele 2012

Olympische Sommerspiele 2012/Teilnehmer (Irland)


Bo Kristoffer Nordfeldt (født d. 23. juni 1989) er en svensk professionel fodboldspiller, som spiller for Allsvenskan-klubben AIK og Sveriges landshold.

Klubkarriere

Brommapojkarna
Nordfeldt begyndte sin karriere hos Stockholmklubben IF Brommapojkarna. Han gjorde sin professionelle debut for klubben i 2008, dog han havde været involveret med førsteholdet siden 2006. Fra 2008 sæsonen og frem var han førstevalgsmålmand i klubben.

Heerenveen
Nordfeldt skiftede i marts 2012 til hollandske SC Heerenveen. Han var førstevalgsmålmand i hele sin tid i klubben, da han spillede mere end 120 kampe på tværs af alle tuneringer for holdet.

Swansea City
Nordfeldt skiftede  juni 2015 til Swansea City. Hans spilletid i Swansea var meget begrænset, da han var andetvalg bag Łukasz Fabiański i flere sæsoner. Det var først efter Swanseas nedrykning i 2018, at han fik muligheden for at være førstevalgsmålmand i 2018-19 sæsonen.

Gençlerbirliği
Nordfeldt skiftede i januar 2020 til tyrkiske Gençlerbirliği.

AIK
Nordfeldt vendte i august 2021 hjem til Sverige, da han skiftede til AIK.

Landsholdskarriere

Ungdomslandshold
Nordfeldt har repræsenteret Sverige på flere ungdomsniveauer.

Seniorlandshold
Nordfeldt debuterede for Sveriges landshold den 22. januar 2011. Han var del af Sveriges trupper til EM i 2020 og til VM i 2018.

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger

Personer fra Stockholm
Fodboldspillere fra Sverige
Fodboldlandsholdsspillere fra Sverige
Fodboldspillere fra IF Brommapojkarna
Fodboldspillere fra SC Heerenveen
Fodboldspillere fra Swansea City A.F.C.
Fodboldspillere fra Gençlerbirliği
Fodboldspillere fra AIK Fotboll
Deltagere ved verdensmesterskabet i fodbold 2018
Deltagere ved det europæiske mesterskab i fodbold 2020

Kristoffer Nordfeldt


Eu trebuia să joc Hamlet este un film românesc din 1988 regizat de Ovidiu Bose Paștina.

Vezi și
 1988 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1988

Eu trebuia să joc Hamlet


Željko Mataja (Vukovar, 28. veljače 1934.) je hrvatski kolumnist, visoki državni i lokalni dužnosnik, športski djelatnik.

Životopis
Željko Mataja rođen je u Vukovaru, 28. veljače 1934. gdje kao istaknuti gimnazijalac završava srednju školu. Po zanimanju profesor TZK, diplomirao je na Visokoj Školi za Fizičku Kulturu u Beogradu. Svojim stručnim radom i djelovanjem uvelike doprinosi sportu u Republici Hrvatskoj, a osim kao autor i predavač uspješan je kolumnist.

Karijera
Svoju karijeru započinje u Trgovačkom školskom centru "J. Lović" u Beogradu 1961. kao profesor tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture. Nedugo potom stručni je savjetnik Fizičke kulture Srbije u Beogradu, a od 1974. – 1991. stručni savjetnik u Savezu fizičke kulture Zagreba. Kasnije djeluje i kao istaknuti stručni savjetnik u Zagrebačkom športskom savezu.

Kao stručni savjetnik obnašao je i dužnost šefa Kabineta predsjednika Gradske skupštine Grada Zagreba. U periodu 1997. – 2000. savjetnik je u Gradskom uredu za obrazovanje i šport do mirovine, a 2005. – 2010. djeluje i kao posebni savjetnik za šport Predsjednika Republike Hrvatske.

Aktivan je sudionik brojnih stručnih i znanstvenih skupova s prilozima u zbornicima. Kolumnist je u Slobodnoj Dalmaciji i Jutarnjem listu, a objavio je i brojne članke u Vjesnikovoj rubrici Stajališta te brojnim stručnim časopisima.

Nagrade

 Trofej fizičke kulture SFF Zagreba
 Nagrada Zbora sportskih novinara Hrvatske za publicistiku – Priznanje za izdavaštvo (2003.)
 Godišnja Nagrada "Franjo Bučar" (1998.)
 Odlikovanje Reda Danice Hrvatske s likom "Franje Bučara" (2003.)
 Državna nagrada "Franjo Bučar" za životno djelo (2008.)

Djela

 Uvod u sportski trening, Matica Hrvatske, 1980.
 Uvod u sportski trening, (s napomenama uz drugo izdanje),  Sportska Tribina, 1986.
 Život za sport i od sporta, Matica Hrvatske, 2003.

Izvori

Životopisi, Vukovar
Životopisi, Zagreb
Hrvatski športski djelatnici

Željko Mataja


José Ramón Gil Samaniego (February 6, 1899 – October 30, 1968), known professionally as Ramon Novarro, was a Mexican-American actor. He began his career in silent films in 1917 and eventually became a leading man and one of the top box-office attractions of the 1920s and early 1930s. Novarro was promoted by MGM as a "Latin lover" and became known as a sex symbol after the death of Rudolph Valentino. He is recognized as the first Latin American actor to succeed in Hollywood.

Early life

Novarro was born José Ramón Gil Samaniego on February 6, 1899, in Durango City, Durango, north-west Mexico, to Dr. Mariano N. Samaniego, and his wife, Leonor (Pérez Gavilán). The family moved to Los Angeles to escape the Mexican Revolution in 1913. Novarro's direct ancestors came from the Castilian town of Burgos, whence two brothers emigrated to the New World in the seventeenth century.

Allan Ellenberger, Novarro's biographer, writes:

The family estate was called the "Garden of Eden". Thirteen children were born there: Emilio; Guadalupe; Rosa; Ramón; Leonor; Mariano; Luz; Antonio; José; a stillborn child; Carmen; Ángel and Eduardo. At the time of the Mexican Revolution, the family moved from Durango to Mexico City and then returned to Durango. Three of Ramón's sisters, Guadalupe, Rosa, and Leonor, became nuns. He was a second cousin of the Mexican actresses Dolores del Río and Andrea Palma.

Career

Silent films

Novarro began his film career in 1917, playing bit parts, supplementing his income by working as a singing waiter, a taxi dancer and as a dancer in revues choreographed by Ernest Belcher (father of Marge Champion). His friends, actor and director Rex Ingram and his wife, actress Alice Terry, began to promote him as a rival to Rudolph Valentino, and Ingram suggested he change his name to "Novarro". From 1923, he began to play more prominent roles. His role in Scaramouche (1923) brought him his first major success.

Novarro achieved his greatest success in 1925, in Ben-Hur. His revealing costumes caused a sensation. He was elevated into the Hollywood elite. As did many stars, Novarro engaged Sylvia of Hollywood as a physical therapist (although in her tell-all book, Sylvia erroneously claimed that Novarro slept in a coffin). With Valentino's death in 1926, Novarro became the screen's leading Latin actor, though ranked lower than his MGM contemporary John Gilbert as a leading man. Novarro was popular as a swashbuckler in action roles, and considered one of the great romantic lead actors of his day. He appeared with Norma Shearer in The Student Prince in Old Heidelberg (1927) and with Joan Crawford in Across to Singapore (1928).

Talking films

He made his first talking film, starring as a singing French soldier, in Devil-May-Care (1929). He starred with Dorothy Janis in The Pagan (1929), with Greta Garbo in Mata Hari (1931), with Myrna Loy in The Barbarian (1933) and opposite Lupe Vélez in Laughing Boy (1934).

When his contract with MGM Studios expired in 1935 and the studio did not renew it, Novarro continued to act sporadically, appearing in films for Republic Pictures, a Mexican religious drama, and a French comedy. In the 1940s, he had several small roles in American films, including We Were Strangers (1949), directed by John Huston and starring Jennifer Jones and John Garfield. In 1958, he was considered for a role in the television series The Green Peacock, with Howard Duff and Ida Lupino, after their CBS Television sitcom Mr. Adams and Eve (1957–58). The project, however, never materialized. A Broadway tryout was aborted in the 1960s. Novarro kept busy on television, appearing in NBC's The High Chaparral as late as 1968.

At the peak of his success in the late 1920s and early 1930s, Novarro was earning more than US$100,000 per film. He invested some of his income in real estate, and his Hollywood Hills residence is one of the more renowned designs (1927) by Lloyd Wright, the son of Frank Lloyd Wright. When his career ended, he was still able to maintain a comfortable lifestyle.

Personal life

Novarro was troubled all his life by his conflicted feelings toward his Roman Catholic religion and his homosexuality. His life-long struggle with alcoholism is often traced to these problems. In the early 1920s Novarro had a romantic relationship with composer Harry Partch, who was working as an usher at the Los Angeles Philharmonic at the time, but Novarro broke off the affair as he achieved greater success as an actor. He was romantically involved with Hollywood journalist Herbert Howe, who was also his publicist in the late 1920s, and with a wealthy man from San Francisco, Noël Sullivan.

Along with Dolores del Río, Lupe Vélez and James Cagney, Novarro was accused of promoting communism in California after they attended a special screening of the film ¡Que viva México! by Russian filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein.

Murder
Novarro was murdered on October 30, 1968, by brothers Paul and Tom Ferguson, aged 22 and 17, who called him and offered their sexual services. In the past, he had hired prostitutes from an agency to come to his Laurel Canyon home for sex, and the Fergusons obtained Novarro's telephone number from a previous guest.

According to the prosecution in the murder case, the two young men believed that a large sum of money was hidden in Novarro's house. The prosecution accused the brothers of torturing Novarro for several hours to force him to reveal where the (non-existent) money was hidden. They left the house with $20 they took from his bathrobe pocket. Novarro died as a result of asphyxiation, having choked to death on his own blood after being beaten. The two perpetrators were caught and sentenced to long prison terms, but released on parole in the mid-1970s. Both were later re-arrested for unrelated crimes for which they served longer prison terms than for the murder of Novarro. In a 1998 interview, Paul Ferguson finally assumed the blame for Novarro's death. Tom Ferguson died of suicide on March 6, 2005. Paul Ferguson died in 2018, while serving out a 60-year sentence for rape in Missouri.

Novarro is buried in Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles, California.

Novarro's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame is at 6350 Hollywood Boulevard.

In popular culture

In a 1961 episode of the "Car 54, Where Are You?" TV show, Bonnie Kalsheim (guest-star Alice Ghostley) reveals that she was "ruined" by Ramon Novarro. When pressed for details, she admits that her adoration of the star's screen presence had made every other man distastefully unsuitable to her as a potential love match.
Novarro's murder served as the basis for the short story by Charles Bukowski titled "The Murder of Ramon Vasquez", as well as for the song "Tango," by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller, recorded by Peggy Lee on her Mirrors album.
Novarro's murder is among the many epochal events recalled in Joan Didion's meditative 'California zeitgeist' essay The White Album.
Greek playwright Pavlos Matesis wrote a play in two parts titled The Ghost of Mr. Ramon Novarro, which was first staged at the National Theatre of Greece in 1973.
Novarro's murder is briefly referenced in the sixth season The Sopranos episode "Cold Stones", following the violent murder of a closeted homosexual character.
In late 2005, the Wings Theatre in New York City staged the world premiere of Through a Naked Lens by George Barthel. The play combined fact and fiction to depict Novarro's rise to fame and his relationship with Hollywood journalist Herbert Howe.
Novarro's relationship with Howe is discussed in two biographies: Allan R. Ellenberger's Ramón Novarro and André Soares's Beyond Paradise: The Life of Ramón Novarro.
In 2015, the murder of Ramon Novarro was covered in the television series Aquarius in the episode "Cease to Resist".

Filmography

References

Bibliography

External links

 Ramón Novarro Photo Gallery
 Photographs of Ramon Novarro

1899 births
1968 deaths
1968 murders in the United States
20th-century American male actors
20th-century Mexican male actors
20th-century Mexican screenwriters
20th-century Mexican male writers
American male film actors
American male silent film actors
American male television actors
Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles)
Deaths by beating in the United States
Deaths from choking
American gay actors
Hispanic and Latino American male actors
LGBT Hispanic and Latino American people
LGBT Roman Catholics
Mexican gay actors
Male actors from Durango
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract players
Mexican Roman Catholics
Mexican emigrants to the United States
Mexican film directors
Mexican film producers
Mexican male film actors
Mexican male silent film actors
Mexican male stage actors
Mexican male television actors
Mexican people of Spanish descent
Murdered Mexican Americans
People from Durango City
People murdered in Los Angeles
20th-century American LGBT people

Ramon Novarro


Ulrike Poppe (original name Ulrike Wick; born 26 January 1953 in Rostock, GDR) was a member of the East German opposition. In 1982 she founded the "Women for Peace" network and in 1985 joined the Initiative for Peace and Human Rights. In 1989 she joined Democracy Now.

Poppe was a victim of the Stasi's  psychological warfare program.

In 1995 she was awarded the Order of Merit and in 2000 the Gustav Heinemann Prize.

Since 2001 she has been married  to Claus Offe.

References

External links
 Biography (in German) at Deutsches Historisches Museum
Andrew Curry: Piecing Together the Dark Legacy of East Germany's Secret Police Wired magazine 16.02, 18 January 2008

1953 births
Living people
People from Rostock
People from Bezirk Rostock
East German dissidents
East German women in politics
Recipients of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

Ulrike Poppe


Die N605 war von 1933 bis 1973 eine französische Nationalstraße, die zwischen Rieupeyroux und der N88 nördlich von Carmaux verlief. Ihre Länge betrug 35 Kilometer.

N605a

Die N605A war von 1933 bis 1973 ein Seitenast der N605, der von dieser in La Salvetat-Peyralès abzweigte und zur N111 südöstlich von Villefranche-de-Rouergue führte. Ihre Länge betrug 13,5 Kilometer.

Weblinks
 Route nationale française auf WikiSara, eine Auflistung aller Nationalstraßen (französisch)

605

Route nationale 605


Jože Šlibar (18. ožujka 1934., Kovor pri Tržiču), slovenski skijaš skakač

Natjecao se na natjecanjima četiri skakaonice od 1959. do 1962. godine. 24. veljače 1961. postavio je svjetski rekord u skijaškim skokovima, doskočivši do 141 metar na njemačkoj skakalnici u Oberstdorfu. Poboljšao je deset godina stari rekord finskog skakača Tauna Luira za dva metra. Na istoj je skakaonici Šlibarjev rekord srušio češki skakač Dalibor Moteljek tri godine poslije, ali prije toga je rekord bio dva puta izjednačen. Najbolji plasman Šlibar je postigao 1. siječnja 1960. kad je osvojio treće mjesto na natjecanju u Garmisch-Partenkirchnu. Među desetoricu se uvrstio pet dana poslije, kad je bio deveti u Bischofshofenu. Ukupno je turnejo 1959./60. završio na četrnaestom mjestu.

Godine 2012. primljen je u Hram slovenskih športskih junaka.

Drugi slovenski skijaš skakač koji je postavio novi svjetski rekord je Peter Prevc, koji je to postigao letom od 250 metara i postao prvi u povijesti koji je preletio 250 metara. Bilo je to 14. veljače 2015. godine.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Službene stranice
Profil na FIS
RTVSLO: Citat za prebrat: Jože Šlibar, pridobljeno 17. ožujka 2009.
RTV Slovenija "Smrekova vejica je povedala: rekord je njegov". 25. veljače 2011.
Normativna kontrola  CONOR

Slovenski skijaši skakači

Jože Šlibar


Australien deltog i Sommer-OL 2016 i Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien i perioden 5. august til 21. august 2016.

Medaljer

Medaljevindere

Svømning

Resultater

Svømmede i heats kun

Referencer

Lande ved sommer-OL 2016
2016

Australien ved sommer-OL 2016


El Palmaria 155 mm es un obús  autopropulsado italiano fabricado por OTO Melara.

Historia
Desarrollado por Oto Melara especialmente para la exportación, el desarrollo del obús autopropulsado Palmaria se inició en 1977 y el primer prototipo fue construido en 1981. Es una derivación del proyecto internacional SP70, posteriormente cancelado. La producción comenzó en 1982 y cesó a principios de 1990.

El primer país en ordenar el Palmaria fue Libia, con una orden de 210 unidades en 1982. Su poder artillero en 2004 incluía 160 Palmaria. Varios fueron destruidos durante la Rebelión de Libia de 2011 tras la intervención militar extranjera.

Luego Nigeria ordenaría 25 unidades entre 1982 y 1984, luego hizo otro pedido adicional por otras unidades. Argentina compró las últimas 25 unidades en 1986. Sus torretas fueron montadas en unos cascos altamente modificados del TAP (Tanque Argentino Pesado), un proyecto abandonado en favor del TAM, como posibles reemplazos para sus obuses autopropulsados AMX MK F3. El vehículo resultante fue el TAM VCA. Estos fueron completados a finales del año 1986, al mismo tiempo que las últimas entregas se hacían a Libia y Nigeria.

En 1990, Oto Melara fabricó un lote adicional de 25 obuses autopropulsados Palmaria para un cliente desconocido. Algunas fuentes indican que se trataba de un pedido adicional de Nigeria.

Actualmente el Palmaria ha sido adaptado en Sudáfrica, y algunas de sus partes sirvieron de base para el G6 Rhino.

Características
El chasis básico es del OF-40, la versión italiana del Leopard 1, que le permite transportar al menos 45 proyectíles para el obús especialmente adaptado para alojarse en dicha torreta.

El armamento principal es un obús de 155 mm con una ametralladora Rheinmetall MG3 de 7,62 mm. Una variante reemplaza la ametralladora con dos cañones automáticos de 25 mm para defensa antiaérea. El obús tiene un autocargador, que le pertime una cadencia de un proyectil cada 15 segundos o una ráfaga corta de 3 proyectiles cada 25 segundos. El cargador tiene 23 proyectiles preparados, con 7 almacenados en el chasis. Incluso con recarga manual, la cadencia de disparo promedio normalmente es de un proyectil por minuto en una hora. El fuego intenso es de cuatro proyectiles por minuto. El fuego sostenido es de un proyectil cada tres minutos por un periodo indeterminado. Emplea una amplia variedad de proyectiles, incluso proyectiles especiales Simmel con un alcance de 24,7 km y proyectiles asistidos por cohete con un alcance de 30 km.

La torreta es hidráulica, con mecanismo manual de reserva y gira 360 grados, con una elevación de +70 y -4 grados. Tiene su propia fuente de energía auxiliar, ahorrando combustible para el motor principal.

En Argentina se utilizó un chasis completamente diferente, que reducía su capacidad de almacenamiento de munición. Era el de un Tanque Argentino Pesado (un proyecto abandonado en favor del TAM), que le redujo la capacidad de proyectiles de 45 a 39, aparte de que el armamento secundario se reemplazó por una ametralladora pesada Browning M2, en vez de la Rheinmetall MG3, siendo copiados incluso los lanzagranadas originales para el tanque argentino en cuestión.

Variantes
 Palmaria SPAAG (con Sistema Antiaéreo)
 Oto Melara ha propuesto que el chasis de serie del Palmaria se use en otro tipo de aplicaciones, como por ejemplo de equiparlo con una torreta similar a la Torreta OTOMATIC 76 mm y emplazarla como un sistema de artillería antiaérea. El desarrollo del sistema OTOMATIC SPAAG se encuentra completo pero hasta el año 2008 no se habían puesto órdenes de producción para dicho sistema.

 VCA Palmaria
 Argentina ha construido un obús autopropulsado basado en el casco de un TAP (Tanque Argentino Pesado), que monta en su torreta el cañón y otros sistemas del Palmaria. El vehículo argentino es denominado VCA Palmaria. Este ha sido producido en pequeñas cantidades y se encuentra operativo en Argentina, pero está próximo a un proceso de actualización de su motor.

Estatus
La producción del obús autopropulsado Palmaria se cree está completada. Oto Melara está ahora encargado de la construcción del obús autopropulsado alemán PzH 2000 de la firma Krauss-Maffei Wegman. Este vehículo se produce bajo licencia para el ejército italiano.

Usuarios

24 unidades. Emsambladas en el VCA Palmaria.

45 unidades. El primer pedido fue de 20 unidades, luego ampliado por otras 25 adicionales que están en modernización.

210 unidades. Algunas fueron capturadas por los rebeldes del Consejo Nacional de Transición y otras destruidas por la aviación aliada.

Véase también

Notas

Enlaces externos
 Ficha de información en army-guide.com (en inglés)
 Ficha de información en military-today.com (en inglés)

Artillería autopropulsada
Artillería de 155 mm
Vehículos militares de Italia
Artillería de Italia

OTO Melara Palmaria (artillería)


Henry Carey,  comte de Douvres (vers 1580 - ) de Hunsdon, Hertfordshire est un pair anglais et député.

Biographie
Carey est le fils de John Carey (3e baron Hunsdon). L'Université de Cambridge lui décerne une maîtrise honorifique en 1607. Il est fait Chevalier du Bain (KB), le 3 juin 1610.

Il est élu député du Sussex en 1609 et du Hertfordshire en 1614 .

Carey devient  baron Hunsdon le 17 avril 1617. Le 6 juillet 1621, il est créé vicomte Rochford, titre précédemment détenu par son arrière-arrière-grand-père Thomas Boleyn, et le 8 mars 1628 est créé comte de Douvres. Il est président de la Chambre des lords en 1641 et colonel du régiment d'Oxford Scholars entre 1644 et 1646.

En 1653, il est accusé de contrefaçon de monnaie et est obligé de vendre son domaine de Hunsdon à William Willoughby, le futur  Lord Willoughby de Parham.

Mariages et descendance
Lord Dover se marie deux fois. Son premier mariage, avant 1608, est avec Judith Pelham, fille de Sir Thomas Pelham,  baronnet. Ils ont quatre fils et quatre filles  :

 John Carey (2e comte de Douvres)
 Sir Pelham Carey
 Henry Carey (mort jeune)
 George Carey (mort jeune)
 Anne Carey
 Marie Carey (1615-1672). Mariée à Thomas Wharton
 Judith Carey (décédée en 1666) Jamais mariée.
 Philadelphie Carey

Le 6 juillet 1630, il se marie une seconde fois avec Mary Morris, fille de Richard Morris et veuve de William Cockayne à l'église St Peter Le Poer à Londres.

Henry Carey meurt en 1666 et est enterré à Hunsdon dans le Hertfordshire. Il est remplacé par son fils de son premier mariage, John Carey,  comte de Douvres.

Références

Liens externes

Chevalier du Bain
Comte de la pairie d'Angleterre au XVIIe siècle
Décès en avril 1666
Naissance en 1580

Henry Carey (1er comte de Douvres)


Sir Paul Godwin Scoon  (4 de julho de 1935 - 2 de setembro de 2013) foi um um político granadino que serviu como governador-geral de Granada de 1978 a 1992.

Seu longo mandato foi marcado na história pela ascensão e queda do Governo Revolucionário Popular, e seu envolvimento pessoal e apoio à Invasão de Granada (1983).

Carreira política
Em 1978, Scoon foi nomeado governador-geral de Granada pela rainha Elizabeth II, a conselho do primeiro-ministro, Sir Eric Gairy. No entanto, no ano seguinte, o New Jewel Movement, movimento social liderado por Maurice Bishop e ex-alunos de Scoon, como o Bernard Coard e Hudson Austin, derrubaram o primeiro ministro Eric Gairy em um golpe popularmente apoiado e quase sem baixas.

Inicialmente preso pelos militantes, Scoon logo foi solto com um pedido de desculpas. Os insurgentes queriam continuar o status de Granada como uma monarquia constitucional e manter o cargo de governador-geral para representar a monarca, rainha Elizabeth II.

Paul Scoon e Maurice Bishop conseguiram manter uma relação, apesar de Scoon se opor fortemente aos princípios marxistas-leninistas do governo recém instaurado. Os revolucionários consideravam Scoon uma figura política útil para facilitar o reconhecimento internacional do novo governo e relações internacionais com o Canadá e o Reino Unido.

Invasão de Granada

Bishop foi deposto por um contra-golpe executado em 12 de outubro de 1983, que foi orquestrado por Bernard Coard, antigo parceiro de governo de Bishop. No curso de uma contínua luta pelo poder, Bishop e três de seus ministros mais próximos foram executados em 19 de outubro de 1983, por soldados do Exército Revolucionário Popular leais ao lado de Bernard Coard.

Paul Scoon agindo por meio de canais diplomáticos secretos, pediu aos Estados Unidos e às nações caribenhas interessadas que interviessem para restaurar a paz e a ordem na ilha. A coalizão de invasão sustentou que Scoon estava no seu direito de fazê-lo, agindo sob os poderes de reserva conferidos à Coroa britânica. Em 25 de outubro, a invasão de Granada (codinome Furia Urgente) foi lançada por uma força conjunta EUA e países caribenhos para depor o governo.

Quando ocorreu a invasão, um dos primeiros passos foi libertação de Scoon, tarefa atribuída aos SEALs da Marinha dos Estados Unidos. Uma unidade SEAL chegou de helicóptero Blackhawk sob fogo e ficou presa com em sua residência oficial na capital de Saint George's. Após um cerco de um dia inteiro, Paul Scoon, sua família e 22 SEALs foram libertados por fuzileiros navais da 22ª Unidade Expedicionária de Fuzileiros Navais.

Os governos dos EUA e países caribenhos rapidamente reafirmaram Scoon como o único representante legítimo da rainha em Granada e única autoridade legal na ilha. Em 27 de outubro, foi divulgado publicamente o texto de uma carta de Scoon, datada de 24 de outubro, na qual solicitava intervenção armada. A carta foi citada como prova de que a invasão não foi um ato unilateral dos EUA, mas uma ação conjunta.

De acordo com a prática constitucional da organização intergovenamental Commonwealth, Paul Scoon tornou-se chefe do governo interino e nomeou um conselho consultivo, que por sua vez nomeou Nicholas Brathwaite como presidente e primeiro-ministro interino até que as eleições pós-invasão fossem realizadas em 1984.

Paul Scoon se aposentou de seu cargo de governador-geral em 1992 aos 57 anos.

Nascidos em 1935
Mortos em 2013
Governadores-gerais de Granada

Paul Scoon


Melekler ve Şeytanlar (İngilizce: Angels and Demons), Dan Brown'ın 2000 yılında yayınlanmış romanı.

Da Vinci Şifresi isimli romanın da baş karakteri olan Robert Langdon ilk kez bu romanda boy gösterdi. Bu romanda Illuminati isimli eski bir kardeşlik örgütü ile Katolik Kilisesi arasında geçen heyecan dolu olaylar anlatılıyor. Ambigramlar (tersine çevirme (inversion), sunulduğu şekliyle okunabildiği gibi, tam tersine çevrildiğinde de okunabilen grafiksel figürler) hakkında bilgi içeren ilk roman olarak gösterilir. Romanın büyük bölümü Vatikan ve Roma'da, bazı bölümleri de İsviçre'de bulunan CERN laboratuvarında geçer.

Film uyarlaması 15 Mayıs 2009'da ABD'de ve Türkiye'de vizyona girdi. Ron Howard'ın yönettiği filmde Robert Langdon'ı 2006 yapımı The Da Vinci Code / Da Vinci Şifresinde olduğu gibi Tom Hanks canlandırdı.

2000 romanları
Dan Brown romanları
2000'lerde Amerikan romanları
İngilizce romanlar
Kurguda Vatikan
Sinemaya uyarlanmış Amerikan romanları
Amerikan gerilim romanları
Amerikan suç romanları
Seçimler ile ilgili eserler
Konusu Roma'da geçen romanlar
İlluminati ile ilgili eserler

Melekler ve Şeytanlar


Bertin Borna, né le  à Tanguiéta et mort le , est un avocat et homme politique béninois.

Biographie
Bertin Borna Babiliba naît le  à Tanguiéta en colonie du Dahomey. Il est licencié en droit de l'université de Dakar et devient plus tard avocat à la cour d'assises de Cotonou.

Borna est élu vice-président de l'Assemblée nationale de 1959 à 1960. Il est ministre des Travaux publics de 1958 à 1960, puis cette même année, est nommé ministre des Finances, poste qu'il occupe jusqu'au coup d'État de 1963. En 1966, il entre dans le gouvernement formé par Christophe Soglo en tant que ministre des Finances.

Borna est accusé d'être impliqué dans la tentative de coup d'État de 1975 et est condamné à mort par contumace le .

Exilé entre Abidjan et Lomé, Berta se lance dans le commerce international. Il devient directeur du bureau régional des Nations unies pour la région Sahel en 1982.

De retour au Bénin, il se présente sans succès aux présidentielles de 1991 mais il est cependant élu à l'Assemblée nationale.

Bertin Borna décède le .

Distinctions et décorations
  Commandeur de l'ordre national du Dahomey (1962).
  Grand officier de l'ordre national du Dahomey (1967).
  (1991).

Notes et références

Bibliographie

Dahomey
Ministre béninois des Finances
Ministre béninois des Travaux publics
Personnalité politique béninoise
Naissance en novembre 1930
Naissance dans la colonie du Dahomey
Commandeur de l'ordre national du Bénin
Grand officier de l'ordre national du Bénin
Grand-croix de l'ordre national du Bénin
Décès en juin 2007
Décès à 76 ans
Étudiant de l'université Cheikh-Anta-Diop
Député béninois

Bertin Borna


Holstad Station (Holstad stasjon) var en jernbanestation, der lå i Holsted i Ås kommune på Østfoldbanens vestre linje i Norge.

Den blev etableret som læssespor 22. marts 1897 og opgraderet til holdeplads 1. oktober 1913. I 1947 blev den opgraderet til station. Den blev fjernstyret 8. december 1972 og gjort ubemandet 1. januar 1973. Fra 28. maj 1989 havde den status som fjernstyret krydsningsspor, indtil den blev nedlagt 10. maj 1994 i forbindelse med en omlægning af banen mellem Ski og Ås.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

Stationer på Østfoldbanen
Nedlagte jernbanestationer i Norge
Etableret i 1897
Ophørt i 1994
Jernbanestationer i Viken

Holstad Station


Twenty One Pilots (stilizirano kao twenty øne piløts) je američki glazbeni duo iz Columbusa, Ohio. Sastav je 2009. godine osnovao vokalist Tyler Joseph, zajedno s Nickom Thomasom i Chrisom Salihom, koji su 2011. napustili sastav. Od njihova odlaska, postavu čine Joseph i bubnjar Josh Dun. Duo je najbolje poznat po singlovima "Stressed Out", "Ride", i "Heathens". Sastav je za pjesmu "Stressed Out" na 59. dodijeli nagrada Grammy, osvojio u kategoriji za najbolju izvedbu pop dua ili grupe. Sastav je prva dva albuma objavio samostalno, Twenty One Pilots (2009.) i Regional at Best (2011.), nakon čega su 2012. godine potpisali za diskografsku kuću Fueled by Ramen. Diskografska kuća je album, Vessel objavila 2013. godine, koji je postao drugi album u povijesti glazbe na kojem su sve pjesme dobile zlatnu nakladu, što je učinilo Twenty One Pilots prvim sastavom u povijesti glazbe kojem su sve pjesme s barem dva albuma dobile zlatnu ili platinastu nakladu.

Duo je postigao veću popularnost četvrtim studijskim albumom, Blurryface (2015.), s kojeg se izdvajaju singlovi "Stressed Out" i "Ride". Album je postao prvim albumom u povijesti glazbe na kojem su sve pjesme dobile zlatnu nakladu od Udruženja diskografske industrije Amerike. Objavom singla "Heathens" duo je postao prvi alternativni sastav s dva singla u top 5 singlova na ljestvici Billboard Hot 100 i treći rock sastav koji je u isto vrijeme imao dvije pjesme u top 5 na ljestvici Billboard Hot 100, pridruživši se tako Beatlesima i Elvisu Presleyju.

Peti studijski album sastava, Trench, objavljen je 5. listopada 2018. godine. Njihov šesti studijski album, Scaled and Icy, objavljen je u svibnju 2021. godine.

Duo ima čak osam pjesama koje su dostigle prvo mjesto na ljestvici alternativne glazbe, što ih čini šestim sastavom s najviše pjesama na prvom mjestu te ljestvice, iz Foo Fightersa i u remiju s U2-om.

Članovi

Sadašnja postava
 Tyler Joseph – glavni vokali, glasovir, ukulele, gitara, bas-gitara, klavijature, programiranje, udaraljke (2009.–danas)
 Josh Dun – bubnjevi, udaraljke, truba, prateći vokali (2011.–danas)

Bivši članovi
 Chris Salih – bubnjevi, udaraljke, prateći vokali (2009. – 2011.)
 Nick Thomas – bas-gitara, gitara, klavijature, prateći vokali (2009. – 2011.)

Vremenska crta

Diskografija
 Twenty One Pilots (2009.)
 Regional at Best (2011.)
 Vessel (2013.)
 Blurryface (2015.)
 Trench (2018.)
 Scaled and Icy (2021.)

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Službena web stranica

Američki glazbeni sastavi
Hip hop glazbeni sastavi
Rock-sastavi
Elektronički glazbeni sastavi

Twenty One Pilots


Vaca finlandeză este un film românesc din 2012 regizat de Gheorghe Preda. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de actorii Maria Obretin, Cuzin Toma.

Prezentare

Distribuție
Distribuția filmului este alcătuită din:

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 2012 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 2012
Filme dramatice românești
Filme regizate de Gheorghe Preda

Vaca finlandeză


وليام هشلر  (1845-1931) كان من أبرز الدعاة لتوطين اليهود في فلسطين وإقامة وطن لهم فيها، وجمع الأموال لمساعدة اليهود على الاستيطان في فلسطين.

أوفدته الحكومة الإنجليزية عام 1882 إلى الآستانة لمقابلة السلطان العثماني عبد الحميد الثاني وإقناعه بمسألة توطين اليهود في فلسطين وعقد في مايو 1882م مؤتمراً لرجال الدين المسيحيين لإيجاد حل للمسألة اليهودية، كما زار في العام نفسه فلسطين وتفقد أحوال المستوطنات اليهودية فيها وأصدر كتاب أطلق عليه اسم استعادة اليهود لفلسطين وتحدث فيه عن الحاجة إلى إعادة اليهود إلى فلسطين طبقاً لننبؤات العهد القديم وقد وصفته المؤلفات الصهيونية بأنه المسيحي حبيب صهيون، لأنه القائل بأن إسرائيل توجد في فلسطين قبل العودة الثانية لمخلصنا ملكها المجيد عودة المسيح والذي سيتربع على عرش القدس ويحكم من هناك كملك للملوك طيلة ألف عام وحينما كان هشلر قسيساً لدى السفارة البريطانية في النمسا في أوائل عام 1886م تعرف على هيرتزل ونشأت بينهم صلات عميقة وعن طريق هذه الصداقة تعرف هيرتزل على الكثير من القادة الأوروبيين، وكان هشلر أول من قدم خريطة فلسطين بحدودها من الفرات إلى النيل إلى تيودور هيرتزل مؤسس الحركة الصهيونية اليهودية السياسية.

مراجع

إنجليز من أصل ألماني
بريطانيون مغتربون في الهند
صهاينة
مواليد 1845
وفيات 1931
ناشطون ضد معاداة السامية

وليام هشلر


Aceasta este o listă a țărilor din Europa, ordonate după suprafață. Unele state (marcate cu *) sunt parțial situate în Europa. Acestea sunt clasificate conform cu suprafața pe care o au doar în partea europeană a teritoriului.

Note

Vezi și
 Lista țărilor după continent
 Lista țărilor după suprafață

Țări, Suprafață
Liste
Europa, Suprafață
Țări europene

Lista țărilor europene după suprafață


The Denmark men's national football team ( or herrelandsholdet) represents Denmark and Greenland in men's international football competitions. It is controlled by the Danish Football Association (DBU), the governing body for the football clubs which are organised under DBU. Denmark's home stadium is Parken Stadium in the Østerbro district of Copenhagen; their head coach is Kasper Hjulmand.

Denmark were the winners of the 1906 Intercalated Games football competition and silver medalists at the 1908 and 1912 Olympics. However, as amateurs who prohibited their internationals from becoming professionals at foreign clubs, Denmark did not qualify for the FIFA World Cup until 1986, although they won another Olympic silver in 1960.

Denmark has remained competitive in international tournaments. Triumph in the 1992 European Championship in Sweden marked the team's most prominent victory, defeating defending champions the Netherlands in the semi-final and world champions Germany in the final. They also won the 1995 King Fahd Cup, defeating Argentina in the final. Their best World Cup result was achieved in 1998, where they narrowly lost 3–2 in a quarter-final against Brazil. Denmark also made the round of 16 in 1986, 2002 and 2018. Most prominent result in recent history was at the UEFA Euro 2020 where the team lost in the semi-final against England after extra time.

Teams
Apart from the men's senior A-level team, Denmark competes with a women's national team, and has teams at various youth levels for both men and women, most prominently the under-21 national team. Historically, the A-level team competed in the Olympics until and including the 1988 tournament, whereafter Olympic games count as under-21 national games. In addition to the A-level team and youth teams, Denmark also has a special league national team named Ligalandsholdet, with the best Danish footballers from the Nordic leagues. Ligalandsholdet was created in January 1983, and has played unofficial games for the national team during the winter break of the Nordic leagues every year since, save for 2005 and 2011. Sometimes the media also refer to Ligalandsholdet as Denmark's B-team, as the best Danish footballers selected for the A-team often play in leagues outside of the Nordic countries. As such, the national team coach has on several occasions outlined the purpose of having unofficial matches played by Ligalandsholdet as an opportunity of testing new potential upcoming Danish players for the A-team.

History

Amateur years

On 12 April 1896, Denmark XI defeated Podilatikos Syllogos Athinon, either 9–0 or 15–0, at the Neo Phaliron Velodrome in Athens in a demonstration game during the 1896 Olympic Games.

On 18 April 1897, a game was played in Hamburg when a selection team from the Danish Football Association defeated a selection team from the Hamburg-Altona Football Association, 5–0 in the presence of 5,000 spectators.

The first three editions of the Olympic football event in 1900–1906 had an unofficial status, as the event was not yet open for national football teams to compete, and only had limited participation of three or four club teams from a few nations. Denmark had no club team invited in the 1900 Olympics and the 1904 Olympics, but then received a special invitation for the 1906 Olympics, to compete against one Greek club team (Athens) and two club teams from the Ottoman Empire (Smyrna and Thessaloniki). The team to represent Denmark was compiled of players from the Copenhagen Football Association (KBU), and they won the event, and thereby an unofficial gold medal. Two years later, in the first official football tournament at the 1908 Olympics, Denmark won a silver medal. At the next Olympics, in 1912, the team again won a silver medal, which was followed by a golden era from July 1912 until August 1920, with Denmark ranked most of the time as number one in the world by the Elo ranking. The first official national football match was played on 19 October 1908 during the Olympic Games in London. Denmark beat France's second team 9–0 in the tournament's quarterfinals.

Although Denmark figured fairly prominently in the pre-FIFA World Cup era, international success would elude them for years from the first World Cup in 1930 and forward. Despite the country's ability to produce outstanding football talents, the Danish Football Union (DBU) only had the ambition (or economy) to send the national team to play friendly matches and in the regional tournament, the Nordic Championship, from October 1920 until June 1948. When DBU opted to set their sights higher, they allowed the national team to start contesting the Olympics again, promptly resulting in a bronze medal at the 1948 Olympics. After, the team only reached the quarter-final at the 1952 Olympics, with the DBU choosing not to contest the next 1956 Olympics. As football remained an amateur past-time, most of the best Danish footballers moved abroad to make a living, and due to DBU enforcing the rule to bar all professionals from the national team, it started to become difficult to assemble a highly competitive team.

Denmark experienced their next revival at the 1960 Olympics with a third set of Olympic silver medals. This was followed by another notable performance at the 1964 European Nations' Cup, where Denmark impressively finished in fourth place. However, this finish was considered by many as being more the result of a comparatively easy draw rather than a result of a well-playing team. In order for Denmark to qualify for the semi-final, they only had to defeat Malta, Albania and Luxembourg. In the semi-final, Denmark fell 3–0 to the Soviet Union, then lost the third-place match to Hungary.

The strict rule of only allowing amateurism at the national team was finally abolished by the DBU in May 1971, as they had acknowledged this change was needed in order to build a highly competitive team. In February 1978, when the DBU also decided to allow professional football to be introduced in the Danish leagues, the way was at the same time paved for the national team to sign its first sponsorship with the well-known Danish brewery Carlsberg. The new sponsorship enabled the DBU to hire the German Sepp Piontek in July 1979 as the first full-time professional coach of the national team. The full transition of the national team from amateurism to professionalism had now been accomplished, and indeed, this would soon lead to a vast improvement in the performances of the team.

According to Rob Smyth and Lars Eriksen, authors of a book on the "Danish Dynamite" team that would soon emerge:

Danish Dynamite (1980–1990)
In the 1982 FIFA World Cup qualification, Denmark finished with eight points from eight matches, including a 3–1 win against the eventual World Cup champions Italy, but Denmark failed to qualify for the final tournament despite the impressive result. Qualification for UEFA Euro 1984 saw Denmark defeat England at Wembley Stadium when Allan Simonsen converted a penalty kick for a 1–0 win. Denmark qualified for their first international tournament since 1964, and the team was dubbed "Danish Dynamite" in a competition for the official Danish Euro 1984 song. Denmark's participation ended in the semi-final when the team lost on penalties to Spain, most remembered for Preben Elkjær's penalty miss, his shorts torn apart. Following the strong performance at the finals, the name "Danish Dynamite" became a mainstay for the following decade of the Danish national team under head coach Sepp Piontek.

Denmark made their first World Cup appearance in the 1986 World Cup, and with the attacking duo of Michael Laudrup and Preben Elkjær, thrashed Uruguay 6–1. In the second round, Denmark once again faced Spain and once more lost, 5–1, including four goals by Emilio Butragueño. The first Spanish goal was caused by a miss-timed backpass by Jesper Olsen to Butragueño, an unfortunate action subsequently coined as "a real Jesper Olsen" ("en rigtig Jesper Olsen"). The phrase would live on for 13 years, and was repeated by the Danish TV commentators in 1999, when an identical backpass was carried out by Jesper Grønkjær to Filippo Inzaghi in Grønkjær's debut for the national team.

Denmark qualified for Euro 1988, and nearly made the 1988 Olympics. Richard Møller Nielsen guided Denmark to a secured spot for the final tournament – ahead of West Germany, but following the discovery that Dane Per Frimann was not eligible for the team's 2–0 win over Poland, Denmark was penalised, and subsequently failed to qualify. At Euro 1988, Denmark's participation ended in early defeat after Denmark lost all the group games to Spain 3-2, West Germany 2-0 and Italy 2-0. They then failed to qualify for the 1990 World Cup; Sepp Piontek resigned as head coach of the national team in April 1990, where he was replaced by Richard Møller Nielsen.

The Møller Nielsen fairytale: 1992 European Championship
Denmark began Euro 1992 qualification with a secure home victory against the Faroe Islands, but the following results in the qualification were an away draw against Northern Ireland and a 2–0 home loss against Yugoslavia. Danes Michael Laudrup and Brian Laudrup opted to quit the national team in November 1990. When Nielsen subsequently decided to dismiss quality players such as Jan Mølby and Jan Heintze from the squad, due to disciplinary problems, several newspapers began demanding that Nielsen step down as head coach. Despite this, Denmark won the rest of their five matches in the qualification group, including a 2–1 away win against Yugoslavia. This was not enough to qualify, as the team still had to settle with a second place in the group, behind Yugoslavia.

Due to international sanctions resulting from the Yugoslav wars, UEFA announced on 31 May 1992 – only ten days prior to the competition – that Yugoslavia was to be excluded from the competition and their place given to Denmark, who finished as the second-placed team in its qualifying group.

Contrary to popular belief, the team did not enter the tournament completely unprepared, after having rallied home from seaside vacations. The majority of players were already assembled to play a friendly match against the CIS when Denmark officially received Yugoslavia's spot. Relying heavily on goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel and his defence, as well as creative spark Brian Laudrup – having decided to make a comeback for the national team in April 1992 – the Danish team created one of the biggest surprises in the event's history, as they went on to win the European Championship trophy under head coach Nielsen's defensive playing style. Advancing from the group stage ahead of England and France, Denmark defeated the Netherlands – the defending Euro 1988 champions – on penalties in the semi-final. Then, in the final, Denmark won 2–0 win against reigning World Cup champions Germany, ensuring Denmark its first international trophy.

Decline and revival (1993–2000)
In August 1993, Michael Laudrup decided to settle his ongoing dispute with Richard Møller Nielsen about the team tactics and made a comeback to the national team. However, the following years Denmark saw mixed results, as they first failed to qualify for the 1994 World Cup, but then won the 1995 Confederations Cup, beating Copa América champions Argentina 2–0 in the final. As defending champions at Euro 1996, Denmark disappointed with a lackluster performance after an early elimination in the group stage. The team had achieved a respectable win against Turkey, a draw against Portugal and only a defeat to Croatia.

Nielsen's replacement was Swede Bo "Bosse" Johansson, who gave the team a more offensive strategy, and the 1998 World Cup saw the revival of the Danish team, starring both Laudrup brothers in their last international campaign. After defeating Saudi Arabia 1–0, drawing with South Africa and losing 2–1 to eventual champions France, Denmark defeated Nigeria 4–1 in the round of 16. They exited in the quarterfinals with a 3–2 loss to Brazil.

Without the Laudrup brothers, Denmark qualified for Euro 2000, only to lose all three matches in the group stage.

The Olsen Gang (2000–2015)

Morten Olsen was named the new manager for Denmark in 2000 and the team was quickly dubbed the "Olsen Gang", a reference to the series of Danish movies based around the main character Egon Olsen and his genius (criminal) plans. The nickname was also used for the Danish team as an alternative to the more commonly used "Danish Dynamite", already in those days when Olsen played as a captain.  Denmark's tactics shifted from the preferred 4–4–2 formation practised by Bo Johansson to an even more attacking style with an emphasis on the wingers available at the time, namely Jesper Grønkjær and Dennis Rommedahl. Accordingly, the Olsen's preferred formation has been either a 4–3–3 or a 4–2–3–1. Olsen even possessed an outspoken opposition to the 4–4–2 system, as he threatened to leave his position as head coach in the event he was asked to deploy Denmark in that formation. To support the development of players for the new tactical 4–3–3 system, all national youth teams also changed their formation. Another change Olsen brought to the national team was to stress the importance of only using fit players who had been granted regular playing time at their club. However, at times he was forced to compromise from this principle, as the pool of players available in the relatively small nation did not always provide him viable substitute options.

Denmark qualified both for the 2002 World Cup and Euro 2004, but despite impressive results in the group stage in both tournaments, especially the 2–0 win against reigning World Cup winners France in 2002, Denmark failed to advance any further. At the 2002 World Cup, Denmark was defeated by England in the round of 16, and at Euro 2004, they were eliminated in the quarter-finals against the Czech Republic.

For the 2006 World Cup qualification, Denmark was paired with 2002 third place Turkey and eventual Euro 2004 champions Greece. Following a poor start to qualification, Denmark was trailing both Turkey and Ukraine. After failing to qualify for the 2006 World Cup, Morten Olsen considered leaving the job, having received several offers from club teams, but decided to stay and extended his contract until after the 2010 World Cup.

When Denmark's attempt to qualify for the Euro 2008 also failed, the team was heavily criticised. Despite this, Denmark qualified for the 2010 World Cup by winning the group, earning two wins against Sweden and four points against Portugal. Olsen's contract was extended for two further years, until Euro 2012.

At the 2010 World Cup, Denmark was grouped with Japan, Cameroon and the Netherlands. Denmark lost the first match 2–0 to the Netherlands, but then scored a 2–1 victory against Cameroon. The game against Japan, however ended with a 3–1 defeat.

In qualification for Euro 2012, Denmark was once again grouped with Portugal; Denmark secured first place in the group, qualifying directly for the final tournament. Out of eight qualifying matches, Denmark won six, drew one and lost one, resulting Olsen's contract to be extended until after the 2014 World Cup.

At Euro 2012, Denmark were drawn in the proclaimed "group of death", Group B, alongside Germany, the Netherlands and Portugal. After defeating the Netherlands 1–0, they lost 3–2 to Portugal, requiring a win against Germany to advance in the tournament. Despite Michael Krohn-Dehli's equaliser, Denmark lost 2–1 to Germany, and with Portugal defeating the Netherlands 2–1, Denmark was eliminated from the tournament after finishing third in Group B.

Denmark failed to qualify for the next two tournaments under Olsen. They finished second in their 2014 World Cup qualifying group but failed to achieve a play-off berth as they were the "worst" of the UEFA group runners-up (after excluding results against the bottom teams). In UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying they finished third in their group, behind Albania and eventual winners Portugal, but lost to Sweden in the play-offs.

When measuring the performance of the national team by winning share and earned points, Olsen's reign of the Danish national team from July 2000 until January 2012 has so far been the second-most successful in the era of full-time professional coaches, which began in July 1979. As of January 2012, Olsen had a winning share of 52.8%, and with three points for a victory and one for a draw, an average of 1.84 points per match. In comparison, Richard Møller Nielsen still has the best record among the professional coaches of the national team, with a 54.8% winning share and an average of 1.89 points per game.

Hareide era: 2016–2020
New coach Åge Hareide presided over the Danish campaign during the qualification stages. Denmark, ranked number 24 in the FIFA World Rankings at the time of the draw, were drawn into Group E, alongside Poland, Montenegro, Romania, Armenia, and Kazakhstan.
Despite suffering early defeats to Poland and Montenegro, the Danes rallied, and secured second place in the group, and a berth in the play-offs, with a 1–0 away to Montenegro. Denmark were rewarded for their second-place finish with a play-off against the Republic of Ireland. Denmark secured qualification with a 5–1 win at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin, which included a hat-trick by Christian Eriksen, who added to his tally of eight goals in qualification.

Denmark were allocated into Pot 3 in advance of the draw for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. They were drawn into Group C, alongside Australia, Peru, and France. Their campaign in Russia began in the Mordovia Arena, Saransk, against Peru. A Yussuf Poulsen goal in the second half secured three points for the Danes. However, they struggled against Australia in their second tie, as Christian Eriksen's early goal was cancelled out by a VAR-awarded penalty, converted by Mile Jedinak, in a game that ended 1–1. Denmark secured qualification in their final group game, playing out the only goalless draw in the entire tournament,
in the Luzhniki Stadium against France; a result which saw both teams progress.

Denmark faced Croatia in the round of 16, with the Croats topping Group D with three wins. Mathias Jørgensen scored within the first minute of the game to give Denmark the lead, but Mario Mandzukic equalised only three minutes later, leaving the teams equally perched at one goal apiece. The match remained at 1–1 after ninety minutes, necessitating thirty minutes of extra-time, which still failed to separate the teams, as Luka Modrić saw his late penalty saved by goalkeeper Kasper Schmeichel. As such, the tie was to be decided with a penalty shoot-out, with Schmeichel and his Croatian counterpart, Danijel Subašić, positioning themselves on the line to face five penalties each. Croatia advanced, as Subašić saved three shots from Eriksen, Lasse Schöne and Nicolai Jørgensen respectively. Ivan Rakitić scored the decisive penalty to eliminate the Danes, putting an end to their best World Cup campaign since 2002.

Following the World Cup, Denmark prepared for participation in the inaugural iteration of the UEFA Nations League, having been drawn in League B against Wales and the Republic of Ireland. The tournament offers an alternative route of qualification for the European Championship, and increases the number of competitive games for international sides, replacing friendlies.

Owing to a dispute with the players' union regarding the commercial rights of the players, the Danish Football Union named an entirely uncapped squad, consisting of a mixture of futsal players and players from the Danish 2nd Division and the Denmark Series (the third and fourth tier of Danish football respectively), in lieu of the regular side, to face Slovakia in a pre-Nations League friendly, and it was feared that the same squad would be used for the competitive fixture against Wales. The dispute arose due to the image rights of the players, with Hummel having the exclusive right to the manufacture and marketing of Danish kits. The DBU wanted to use individual players, without explicit permissions, in their advertising. Hareide would similarly not be involved, with the side instead falling under the temporary management of John Jensen, with Hasse Kuhn serving as the assistant manager. The Danish FA are currently under a four-year probationary period with UEFA for having forfeited a Women's World Cup qualification game against Sweden in 2017 due to a similar dispute with the women's team, and a further violation could have resulted in Denmark being prohibited from participation in either the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League or the 2020 European Championship. After a temporary agreement enabled the return of the regular players, the Danes won their first Nations League fixture 2–0.

Hareide managed Denmark during UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying and won four matches, drawing four more. This meant Denmark qualified for the tournament, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic the tournament was postponed to 2021, and Hareide's contract expired on 30 June 2020. He was replaced by Kasper Hjulmand.

Hjulmand era: 2020–present
At UEFA Euro 2020, Denmark lost their first group stage match against Finland; Eriksen suffered a cardiac arrest in the 43rd minute, causing the match to be halted. They reached the semi-finals despite finishing the group stage with only one win, in which they lost 2–1 in extra-time against England. In the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League A, they finished second in their group, only one point behind Croatia and winning twice against world champions France. Denmark also qualified for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, topping Group F in the qualification campaign ahead of Scotland, with nine victories. Only one defeat occurred in the final fixture against the Scots in a game which Denmark were already guaranteed a direct place in Qatar.

In the 2022 World Cup, Denmark were drawn again with old foe France, together with African powerhouse Tunisia and Asian underdogs Australia in group D. Due to their impressive Euro 2020 performance and World Cup qualifying and Nations League displays, expectations for Denmark to make a historic breakthrough were high and the Danes were even seen as the biggest dark horses in the World Cup, with predictions going as far as winning it. Denmark were reinforced with the return of captain Christian Eriksen, who recovered from the Euro 2020 stroke. They began their World Cup quest in Qatar with a goalless draw to Tunisia in a game where the Danes controlled possession. In the second game, Denmark played France in the Nations League rematch. This time Les Bleus prevailed over the Danes 2–1, with a brace from Kylian Mbappé after an equaliser from Andreas Christensen. Denmark were forced to beat Australia, who previously downed Tunisia; however, Denmark demonstrated a rather poor performance against the Aussies, unable to break the deadlock and conceding a goal by Mathew Leckie to lose 1–0. Denmark finished last in their group with only one point and one goal scored. Moreover, the elimination by Australia meant Denmark were eliminated by an Asian representative for the second time in its history, having been eliminated by Japan back in 2010.

Team image

Supporters

Apart from the national team, Denmark is equally famous for its traveling fans, known as roligans. The movement emerged during the 1980s as the declared opposition to hooliganism. The goal of the roligan movement is calm, yet cheerful, support during the matches, as "rolig" means "calm" in the Danish language. The roligans have since developed an image of easy-going nature and rabid support, and are often considered amongst the world's best national team fans, along with the Tartan Army of Scotland. They were collectively given the FIFA FairPlay Award at the 1984 European Championships. Just before the 1986 World Cup, the roligan movement was organized in order to support the national team at the tournament.

The reputation of the Danish supporters was sullied by an attack from a fan which occurred in June 2007 in the Euro 2008 qualifying match against Sweden, when an enraged Danish supporter invaded the pitch and tried to attack the referee, following his decision to hand out a red card for Christian Poulsen and a penalty kick to Sweden in the last minute of the match. The attacking fan was stopped by some of the Danish football players on the field before he reached the referee, but due to the episode, the match was immediately cancelled by the referee, with UEFA subsequently deciding to award a 0–3 default defeat to Denmark as punishment.

Rivalry

Denmark's main rival is Sweden. The countries have played against each other 107 times, of which Denmark have won 40, drawn 20 and lost 47. The first match between the teams was an 8–0 Denmark win in May 1913. Denmark won their first five matches against Sweden before their first defeat in October 1916, 4–0.

The first competitive match between the countries was a 1–0 loss for Denmark in the group stage of UEFA Euro 1992. Both teams advanced from the group stage and Denmark went on to win the tournament. In UEFA Euro 2004 the teams drew 2–2 in the last group match, ensuring that both teams advanced at the expense of Italy. In Denmark's home match against Sweden in the qualification for UEFA Euro 2008, the visitors were awarded a 3–0 win after a Danish fan invaded the pitch and attacked the referee. The reverse fixture ended in a goalless draw and Denmark failed to qualify for the final tournament.

In the qualification for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, Denmark won both matches against Sweden 1–0 and qualified for the World Cup. In the play-off round of the qualification for UEFA Euro 2016, Denmark lost to Sweden 4–3 on aggregate and failed to qualify for the finals. The most recent match between the countries was a 2–0 win for Denmark in November 2020.

Kit

The team kit is produced by Danish company Hummel. It is all-red with white details to reflect the colours of the Danish national flag. Prior to the period of Adidas sponsorship, the kit provider was also Hummel from 1979 to 2004.

Media coverage
Denmark's home and away matches are broadcast by TV2 on television, and DR on the radio.

Home stadium

The first home match for the Denmark national team was a 2–1 friendly win over England on 25 May 1910, taking place with 12,000 spectators at the stadium "KBs baner" (located in the area "Granen", where the Forum Copenhagen later was built). As the facilities were considered too small, a new stadium in Copenhagen was built with the name Idrætsparken, that since its opening 25 May 1911 hosted all the home matches of the football club KB and most of the home matches of the national team. During the first 82 years of the national team, from October 1908 until November 1990, Denmark played a total number of 254 A-level home matches, of which 232 were played in Idrætsparken. Among all the played home matches in Idrætsparken, Denmark achieved 125 victories (54%), 41 draws (18%) and 66 defeats (28%). The stadium reached a record of 51,600 spectators for the 1–2 game against Sweden in June 1957.

In regards of the first era from 1908 to 1990, only 22 home matches were played at other stadiums than Idrætsparken, of which 11 took place at Aarhus Idrætspark (then known as Atletion) in Aarhus, followed by Aalborg Stadion in Aalborg with six games, and the remaining five matches hosted by four other stadiums. Whenever another stadium than Idrætsparken was used for a home match, it was only for some of the less important friendly games or Olympic qualifiers. While only Idrætsparken was used to host the matches related to big important tournaments, like the Nordic championship, the UEFA European Championship and FIFA World Cup. When a major rebuild of Idrætsparken began in December 1990, the subsequent two official Euro 1992 qualification matches were moved to Odense Stadium in Odense.

On 9 September 1992, the rebuilt Idrætsparken, now called Parken and later renamed Telia Parken for sponsorship reasons, became the biggest venue in Denmark with a capacity of 42,358 spectators, and was opened with a friendly 1–2 defeat against Germany. This first match in Parken was viewed by 40,500 spectators, while the current stadium record of 42,099 spectators was set on 8 October 2005 for a World Cup qualifying match against Greece.

The capacity of the stadium was later reduced to 38,009 seats after the upper part of the D-side was converted from 4,000 extra seats into office and VIP areas in June 2009. Despite this decrease in capacity, the stadium is today still the biggest venue in Denmark by far; the next largest venue, Brøndby Stadium, only has a capacity of 26,000 seats. From September 1992 to May 2006, Parken was the sole stadium of all the men's senior national team matches. However, meagre spectator support at some of the friendly matches at Parken, which from 2000 to 2005 attracted an acceptable average of 23,862 per match – but down to 9,598 for the friendly 3–1 win over Israel in April 2002 – prompted the DBU to start hosting many of the friendly matches to other stadiums around Denmark. These other stadiums had less spectator capacity than Parken, but just about enough to cover the Danes' somewhat lesser interest for friendly matches.

On 27 May 2006, Parken's 13-year monopoly on national team matches was broken for the first time when Denmark played a friendly match at the Aarhus Idrætspark against upcoming 2006 World Cup participants Paraguay. Tickets to this match were sold out quickly, with almost 19,000 of the 20,227 tickets sold within the first hour of sale, and was support-wise a big success with a total audience of 20,047 spectators. When the two next friendly matches were played at some other new venues, 16 August at Fionia Park in Odense against Poland, and on 1 September at Brøndby Stadium against Portugal, the number of spectators dropped to a disappointing level. The Poland match attracted only 11,088 spectators, while the Portugal match only 13,186 spectators. In particular, the Portugal match was deemed as a support-wise failure because it featured a higher-ranked opponent, which spectators normally would have a high interest to watch. The main reasons why Brøndby Stadium failed to attract a high number of spectators were generally thought to be a combination of the poor rainy weather and the fact the stadium is located on the outskirts of Copenhagen, and as such does not attract a new demographic audience compared to Parken, due to the travel distances being more or less the same for the majority of the population.

Currently, while most of the friendly matches continue to be played at some of the smaller stadiums in Denmark, it has been decided to continue playing all of the qualifying matches for the European Championships and World Cup only at Parken Stadium. Those friendly matches, which are believed to create a high interest from spectators, will also continue to be played at Parken. For example, the friendly against Germany in August 2010 was played at Parken Stadium due to the high expectation of spectators desiring to watch the match. However, after Denmark's performance at the 2010 World Cup, the friendly only drew 19,071 spectators. From September 1992 to January 2012, Denmark played a total of 77 A-level matches at Parken Stadium, of which 49 were won, 16 were drawn and 12 lost.

Results and fixtures

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

2022

2023

Coaching staff
When the national team is assembled and train together ahead of a match, the team is coached by:

Managers

The responsibility and job description for the manager of the Denmark national football team, has changed throughout the history. From 1908 to 1918, the DBU preferred to assign a manager with the overall responsibility. This was followed by a long era from 1919 to 1956 where either no manager or only a caretaker manager was assigned. When the DBU assigned Arne Sørensen (November 1956 – December 1961) and Poul Petersen (January 1962 –December 1966) as managers for a rolling period of several years, they were given the responsibility to coach the physical training and decide the team tactics before and during each match, but had no influence upon the selection of players for the national squad, which was a job for the specially-appointed selection committee, the UdtagelsesKomitéen.

From 1967 to 1969, the management of the team more or less became a sole responsibility for the UdtagelsesKomitéen, following a new approach. In this new approach, the job to select players continued to be the responsibility for the UdtagelsesKomitéen, but the chairman of the committee was now also appointed to be the "tactical manager" of the national team, as the DBU realized the need of having a special tactical manager assigned to get influence upon both the selection of players and the related tactics before and during the game. However, the appointed tactical manager did not have the responsibility to train the squad, as a special physical coach was instead selected for that job. In 1970, the approach with two managers assigned was again abandoned when the DBU realized the need to assign only one manager with the sole responsibility for the squad.

From 1970 to 1979, the job to select players was not yet a sole responsibility of the manager alone, but only a shared responsibility, as this continued to be a matter for the UdtagelsesKomitéen to decide. When a selection of players had to be made, it was decided by a vote in the committee, with the appointed manager being granted an influence of three votes and the four members of the committee being granted one vote each. This special selection procedure continued until July 1979, where it was decided to award the sole responsibility of all manager-related areas to the manager himself, with the assignment of Sepp Piontek as the first full-time professional manager of the national team.

Manager history
A complete overview of every national team manager since the first official game in October 1908. From 1911 to 1961, a total of 169 games were played without a designated manager.

Players

Current squad
The following 23 players were selected for the UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying matches on 14 and 17 October 2023 against  and , respectively. On 6 October, Alexander Bah and Victor Kristiansen had to withdraw due to injuries, with Rasmus Kristensen and Elias Jelert called up as substitutes. On 8 October, Philip Billing withdrew due to injury, and Kasper Dolberg was called up as substitute. Andreas Skov Olsen withdrew due to injury on 11 October and Jacob Bruun Larsen was called up as substitute. On 15 October, Matt O'Riley was called up as substitute for Kasper Dolberg, who has recently become a father.

Caps and goals updated as of 10 September 2023, following the match against .

Recent call-ups
The following players were called up within the last twelve months.

INJ
INJ

INJ
INJ

INJ

INJ

INJ

 INJ = Withdrew due to injury
 PRE = Preliminary squad
 ST = Standby
 SUS = Serving suspension
 RET = Retired from the national team
 COV = COVID-19 positive test or close contact

Previous squads

Olympics
Olympics 1908 squad
Olympics 1912 squad
Olympics 1920 squad
Olympics 1948 squad
Olympics 1952 squad
Olympics 1960 squad
Olympics 1972 squad
Olympics 1992 squad
Olympics 2016 squad

UEFA European Championship
Euro 1964 squad
Euro 1984 squad
Euro 1988 squad
Euro 1992 squad
Euro 1996 squad
Euro 2000 squad
Euro 2004 squad
Euro 2012 squad
Euro 2020 squad

FIFA World Cup
World Cup 1986 squad
World Cup 1998 squad
World Cup 2002 squad
World Cup 2010 squad
World Cup 2018 squad
World Cup 2022 squad

FIFA Confederations Cup
Confederations Cup 1995 squad

Player history

The players are freely chosen by the national team manager. They are normally assembled from their respective club teams at the Hotel Marienlyst in Elsinore for a week-long training camp preluding the upcoming match. Friendly matches are typically played on a Wednesday evening. World Cup qualifiers are played on both Saturday and Wednesday evenings, while Euro qualifiers now take place on both a Friday and Tuesday evening when playing two matches in a row, or on a Friday/Saturday/Tuesday at rounds with only one match scheduled.

Best players of all time
In November 2006, the DBU nominated eight Danish national team footballers for the "Best Danish Footballer of All Time" award. The nominated players were Morten Olsen, Henning Jensen, Allan Simonsen, Preben Elkjær, Michael Laudrup, Brian Laudrup, Peter Schmeichel and Jon Dahl Tomasson. The winner of the award was decided by a public vote arranged by the broadcasting channel TV2, which ended with Michael Laudrup as a clear winner, with 58% of the votes.

Hall of Fame
Denmark's Hall of Fame was established in October 2008, as a special award to celebrate the best footballers, teams and coaches; throughout the history of the national team. A jury with 6 people (representing the newspapers, authors of football books, active players of the national team, TV2, the DBU, and a Hall of Fame member), each year have the job to award one or two new members for the Hall of Fame. The award will be handed out at the official Danish Football Awards, which is a yearly television broadcast event – organized by the DBU in November throughout 2008 to 2013 and subsequently moved to a later date in February. Beside of receiving the award, all Hall of Fame members are also invited to leave a footprint in bronze, to decorate the entrance hall at "Fodboldens hus" -the DBU headquarters in Brøndby. When the DBU celebrated its 125-year anniversary in May 2014, it decided to make an extraordinary award of nine additional Hall of Fame Members, all playing during the first half of the DBU national team's existence, from 1908 to 1964. Because of financial restraints, the DBU cancelled the planned televised broadcast of the Football Award in February 2015, and for the same reason opted not to award any new Hall of Fame members in this specific year. The DBU expected to return awarding new Hall of Fame members again, when the next broadcast Football Award event is organized in February 2016.

Hall of Fame members
Sorted by last year appearing at the national football team.

Sophus Krølben Nielsen (1908–1919)
Nils Middelboe (1908–1920)
Sophus Målmand Hansen (1911–1920)
Carl Skomar Hansen (1918–1921)
Poul "Tist" Nielsen (1910–1925)
Pauli Jørgensen (1925–1939)
Carl Aage Præst (1945–1949)
Eigil Nielsen (1940–1951)
Knud Lundberg (1943–1956)
Aage Rou Jensen (1945–1957)
Harald Nielsen (1959–1960)
Henry From (1957–1961)
Poul Pedersen (1953–1964)
Henning Enoksen (1958–1966)
Per Røntved (1970–1982)
Allan Simonsen (1972–1986)
Frank Arnesen (1977–1987)
Preben Elkjær (1977–1988)
Søren Lerby (1978–1989)
Danish Dynamite team (1980–1989)
Sepp Piontek (coach, 1979–1990)
Euro 1992 team (June 1992)
Lars Høgh (1983–1995)
Richard Møller Nielsen (coach, 1990–1996)
Michael Laudrup (1982–1998)
Brian Laudrup (1987–1998)
Peter Schmeichel (1987–2001)
Morten Olsen (1970–1989, coach 2000–2015)

Payment
Each national team player receives a set amount of money per match, including bonuses for a win and qualification for European Championship and World Cup tournaments. Throughout the years, the prize money has gone from around €1,340 for a match win in 1987 and around €26,800 for the Euro 1988 participation alone, to around €67,000 for the 1998 World Cup, and up to €107,000 for the 2002 World Cup participations, per player.

Currently, the payments for participation in games outside the big tournaments are regulated by a collective agreement – to be renegotiated after a certain number of years – while all payments for participation of players in a final tournament squad are regulated by the "1998 agreement" between the DBU and Spillerforeningen. The "1998 agreement" stipulates that whenever the national team qualifies for a World Cup or European Championship tournament, the selected players for the final tournament shall receive 50% of the DBU's revenues from the event, and 65% of the DBU's revenues from the sale of merchandise and license agreements. Additionally, the sponsors of the national team also pay a relatively high "qualification bonus" each time the team qualifies for a final tournament. This bonus is shared between the group of players being selected for the final 18-man squad, to one or several of the qualification matches played, with the exact distribution normally decided according to the number of times the player was selected.

Each of the 23 selected players for the 2002 World Cup received DKK 498,000 (equal to €66,800) from the event revenues, plus DKK 122,900 (equal to €16,500) from the sale of merchandise and license agreements, plus an unknown qualification bonus from the sponsors, plus the standard payment from the DBU each time they were selected for the final 18-man squad to a qualification match. In comparison, each of the 23 selected players for the 2010 World Cup received DKK 635,000 (equal to €85,100) from the event revenues, plus DKK 98,900 (equal to €13,200) from the sale of merchandise and license agreements, plus a qualification bonus from the sponsors at DKK 2,800,000 (equal to €375,000) to be shared between the players – corresponding to an amount of €2,080 per time the player was selected for the final 18-man squad to a qualification match. In addition to the qualification bonus, the players also received this standard payment from the DBU each time they were selected for the 18-man squad to a qualification match:

 Starting fee: home games = DKK 1,2 per spectator, away games = DKK 8,290
 Bonus for a draw: home games = DKK 0, away games = DKK 9,475
 Bonus for a win: home games = DKK 17,765, away games = DKK 29,600

Based on Denmark's results and number of spectators at home matches, the standard qualification match payment to a player selected for all Denmark's qualification matches equals a total amount of DKK 235,898 (or €31,600) for the six qualification matches in the 2008–09 season, and a total amount of DKK 170,788 (or €22,900) for the four qualification matches in the 2009–10 season. Finally, the players could also add a seasonal payment named "regular bonus" from the sponsors, with a total of DKK 4,350,000 (equal to €583,100) to be shared each season by the squad of 18 players selected for a match, meaning a player who was selected for all national team matches from 1 August to 31 July would receive an additional DKK 241,700 (equal to €32,400) payment in both the 2008–09 and 2009–10 seasons.

The last amount of a players income generated by the national team is the standard payment received for each friendly match:
 Starting fee: home games = DKK 1,0 per spectator, away games = DKK 5,000
 Bonus for a draw: home games = DKK 0, away games = DKK 0
 Bonus for a win: home games = DKK 10,000, away games = DKK 10,000

Based on Denmark's results and number of spectators at home matches, the standard payment to a player selected for all Denmark's friendly matches equals a total amount of DKK 41,426 (or €5,500) for the three friendly matches in the 2008–09 season, and a total amount of DKK 88,773 (or €11,900) for the seven friendly matches in the 2009–10 season.

When all these payments are added together for a player, under the assumption a player was selected for all matches in each season as well as the final 2010 World Cup squad, he would have received a total payment from the DBU of €69,500 in the 2008–09 season and a total payment from the DBU of €186,300 in the 2009–10 season.

Player records

Players listed in bold are still active with Denmark.

Most appearances

Top goalscorers

Competitive record

*Best result: Quarter-finals in 1998.

FIFA World Cup

*Draws include knockout matches decided via penalty shoot-out.

UEFA European Championship

UEFA Nations League

Olympic Games

FIFA Confederations Cup

CONMEBOL–UEFA Cup of Champions

*Draws include knockout matches decided on penalty kicks.

Head-to-head record
As of 18 October 2023 after the match against

Honours

Major titles
FIFA Confederations Cup
  Champions: 1995
UEFA European Championship
  Champions: 1992
  Third Place: 1984, 2020
CONMEBOL–UEFA Cup of Champions
  Runners-up: 1993
Olympic Games
  Silver medal: 1908, 1912, 1960
  Bronze medal: 1948

Minor titles
 Nordic Football Championship
  Winners (3): 1924-28, 1978-80, 1981-85
King's Cup (Thailand)
  Champions: 2010

Award
 FIFA Fair Play Award: 2021

Notes

References

Literature
Palle "Banks" Jørgensen (2002), "Landsholdets 681 profiler fra 1908 til i dag" , TIPS-Bladet, .

External links

 Official website
 Denmark at FIFA
 Denmark at UEFA
Official player and match statistics
Official league national team page ()
Official national team shop
De Danske Roligans (archived 11 June 2001)
National team, players and others (statistics)

1908 establishments in Denmark

European national association football teams
FIFA Confederations Cup-winning countries
UEFA European Championship-winning countries

Denmark national football team


Zürafagiller (Giraffidae), çift toynaklılar (Artiodactyla) takımına ait, geviş getiren bir familya. Bu familya sadece iki ayrı cinse ayrılan iki türden oluşmaktadır: Zürafa ve Okapi.

Özellikler

Familyanın iki türü ilk bakışta birbirlerine pek benzemiyor olsalar da, birçok ortak özellikleri vardır. İkisinin de koyu renkli uzun bir dili, tırtıklı yan dişleri ve deri ile kaplı boynuzları vardır. Dilleri çok kıvraktır. Dilleri ile hatta yaprakları tutup koparabilirler. Boynuzları ile dünyaya gelirler. Bu birer kemikten oluşan boynuzları zamanla kafatasları ile birleşir, ömür boyu büyümeye devam etmelerine rağmen sözü edilmeye değer bir ölçüye varmazlar.

Yaşam şekli
Familyanın iki türü de yaprak ile beslenir ve bunlara daha rahat ulaşabilmek için uzun bir boyun geliştirmiştir. Okapi ormanlarda yaşadığı için, daha çok açık alanlarda yaşayan zürafa kadar fazla uzun bir boyuna ihtiyacı yoktur. Ayrıca okapi sadece ağaç yaprakları ile değil başka türlü bitkilerle de beslenebilir.

Evrim tarihi

Zürafagillerin eski çağlarda, bugün olduğundan çok daha fazla türleri olan bir familya oldukları ve ilk olarak Miyosen çağında ortaya çıktıkları kabul edilir. Buzul Çağı'na (Pleistosen) kadar Avrupa ve Asya'da da yaşamışlardır. Sivatherium adı verilen ataları, familyanın sığır zürafaları (Sivatheriinae) adlı, nesli tükenmiş bir kolunu oluşturur.

DNA dizileme çalışması
2016 yılında yapılan bir DNA dizileme çalışmasında, Zürafa (Giraffa camelopardalis), Okapi (Okapia johnstoni) ve Sığır'ın (Bos taurus) genomları incelendi. Okapi ve Zürafa'nın son ortak atasının yaklaşık 11.5 milyon yıl önce yaşadığı hesaplanırken, Zürafagiller ile Boynuzlugillerin son ortak atasının 28 milyon yıl önce yaşadığı hesaplandı.

Sınıflandırma
Paleobiyoloji Veritabanı'ndan alınan sınıflandırma:

Familya: Giraffidae (Gray, 1821)
†Birgerbohlinia (Crusafont Pairó & Villalta, 1951)
†Bohlinia (Matthew, 1929)
†Decennatherium (Crusafont Pairo, 1952)
†Georgiomeryx (Paraskevaidis, 1940)
†Helladotherium (Gaudry, 1860)
†Honanotherium (Bohlin, 1927)
†Libytherium (Pomel, 1892)
†Palaeogiraffa (Bonis & Bouvrain, 2003)
†Mitilanotherium (Samson & Radulesco, 1966)
†Samotherium (Forsyth Major, 1888)
†Shansitherium (Bohlin, 1926)
†Palaeotragus (Gaudry, 1861)
†Progiraffa (Pilgrim, 1908)
†Propalaeomeryx (Lydekker, 1883)
†Giraffokerycinae (Solounias, 2007)
†Giraffokeryx (Pilgrim, 1910)
†Canthumerycinae (Hamilton, 1978)
†Canthumeryx (Hamilton, 1973)
†Injanatherium (Heintz vd. 1981)
†Sivatheriinae (Zittel, 1893)
†Bramatherium (Falconer, 1845)
†Hydaspitherium (Lydekker, 1877)
†Indratherium (Pilgrim, 1910)
†Sivatherium (Falconer & Cautley, 1836)
†Umbrotherium (Hurzeler & Engesser, 1976)
†Vishnutherium (Lydekker, 1876)
 Giraffinae
 Giraffini
 Giraffa (Brisson, 1762)
 Okapinae (Bohlin, 1926)
†Afrikanokeryx (Harris vd. 2010)
 Okapini
 Okapia (Lankester, 1901)

Dış bağlantılar

Kaynakça

Memeliler familyaları

Zürafagiller


الطيب بولحروف ولد يوم 9 أبريل 1923 بمنطقة وادي زناتي بولاية قالمة، نشأ في أسرة متواضعة، زاول دراسته بمدينة عنابة ولم يتسن له مواصلة التعليم إذ طرد من المدرسة وهو في المرحلة الإعدادية.

نضاله قبل الثورة
لقد كان الطيب بولحروف من المساهمين في تكوين الأفواج الأولى للكشافة الإسلامية بمنطقة عنابة. شارك في تنظيم مظاهرة تضأمنية مساندة للحزب الدستوري التونسي ولهذا أودع السجن لأول مرة في عام 1938. ومنذ حل حزب الشعب الجزائري صبغ على نشاط الطيب بولحروف طابع السرية وقد سعى لتوسيع القاعدة الشعبية للحزب المنحل. شارك في تأسيس حركة أحباب البيان والحرية.

كان أحد المنظمين لمظاهرات 8 ماي 1945 وعلى إثرها أعتقل مرة أخرى ولم يطلق سراحه إلا بعد صدور قرار العفو على المساجين السياسيين، بعد خروجه من السجن ساهم مع زملائه في تأسيس المنظمة الخاصة وفي إطارها عين مسؤولا على المنطقة التي تضم عنابة، سكيكدة، عين البيضاء، وفي عام 1948 أعتقل للمرة الثالثة وأودع سجن بربروس، قام حينها بإضراب عن الطعام مطالبا بالحقوق السياسية للوطنيين الجزائريين.

عين عضوا في اللجنة المركزية لحركة انتصار الحريات الديمقراطية عام 1949. على إثر اكتشاف المنظمة الخاصة ألقي عليه القبض ليطلق سراحه في عام 1951، بعدها التحق باتحادية الحزب بفرنسا رفقة أمحمد يزيد عام 1952 وهناك تولى الإشراف على إدارة صحيفة «الجزائر الحرة» لسان حال الاتحادية. عند نشوب أزمة حركة الانتصار وقف موقفا معارضا لمصالي الحاج، وبتهمة المساس بأمن الدولة الفرنسية الخارجي ألقي عليه القبض في بداية 1954 ولم يطلق سراحه إلا في أوت 1954.

نشاطه أثناء الثورة

عند اندلاع الثورة كان الطيب بولحروف بفرنسا، فالتحق بصفوف الجبهة في إطار اتحادية جبهة التحرير الوطني بفرنسا قصد التعريف بأهداف الثورة ومبادئها لدى الرأي العام الفرنسي. ومن أجل هذا الهدف سعى إلى ربط اتصالات مع بعض الشخصيات الشيوعية في فرنسا محاولا كسب الحزب الشيوعي الفرنسي لصف الثورة إلا أنه لم يفلح في ذلك. ساهم أيضا في طبع جريدة المقاومة الجزائرية بفرنسا ثم سويسرا.

في إطار الحكومة المؤقتة للجمهورية الجزائرية مارس عدة مهام من بينها ممثلا للجبهة في كل من روما وجنيفحيث لعب دورا هاما في الاتصالات الأولية مع السلطات الفرنسية هذه الاتصالات التي توجت بإتفاقيات إيفيان التي واكب أهم مراحلها بدءا بالاتصالات السرية بجنيف عام 1961 إلى التوقيع النهائي للاتفاقيات في 18 مارس 1962. توفي البطل في 26 جوان 2005

سياسيون جزائريون
مواليد 1923
مواليد في قالمة
وفيات 2005

الطيب بولحروف


Kontak lens, göz bozukluklarında, özellikle ileri derece miyoplarda göz camının çok fazla kalınlaşmasından dolayı kullanımı tercih edilen optik mercek. Esnek bir maddeden yapılmış olup çok yakından bakılmadıkça göz üzerindeki varlığı belli olmaz. 1887 yılında Fransa'da üretilen ilk lensler camdan yapılıyordu.

Kaynakça

Ayrıca bakınız
Mercek tasarımları listesi
 August Müller
Biyonik kontakt lens
Düzeltici lens
Acuvue
Gözlük

Alman icatları
1965 tanıtımları
Düzeltici lensler
Optometri
19. yüzyıl icatları

Kontak lens


Negacionismo do genocídio bósnio é a atitude de negar que tenha ocorrido o genocídio sistemático contra a população de bosníacos muçulmanos da Bósnia e Herzegovina, enquanto um ato planejado, em linha com as narrativas da intelligentsia sérvia e do establishment político-militar da Sérvia, ou negar que tenha ocorrido da maneira e na extensão definida pelo Tribunal Penal Internacional para a ex-Jugoslávia e peloa Corte Internacional de Justiça e descrita pela pesquisa acadêmica subsequente.

As duas cortes internacionais apenas divergiram no que diz respeito à responsabilidade direta na realização dos atos de genocídio na Bósnia e Herzegovina. A Corte Internacional de Justiça, em uma ação aberta pela Bósnia e Herzegovina contra a Sérvia e Montenegro, julgou que a Sérvia não era diretamente responsável por perpetrar crimes de genocídio, mas era responsível, à luz do Direito consuetudinário, por não cumprir a obrigação de 'prevenir e punir o crime de genocídio'.

Não obstante, em seu julgamente em 2007, a Corte Internacional de Justiça adotou a conclusão do Tribunal Penal Internacional para a ex-Jugoslávia, sobre a culpabilidade de Radislav Krstić, e concluiu que o que aconteceu em  Srebrenica e entorno, partir de 13 de julho de 1995, foi obra do Exército da República Sérvia 'com a intenção de destruir o grupo dos muçulmanos em Bósnia e Herzegovina enquanto tal', o que constituiu um ato de genocídio.

Contexto

O genocídio bósnio é amplamente reconhecido, por pesquisadores, como o maior crime de guerra perpetrado em solo Europeu desde a Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Algumas vezes, genocídio bósnio se refere ao genocídio de Srebrenica, perpetrado pelas forças dos Sérvios da Bósnia e Herzegovina no verão de 1995. Outras vezes se refere aos  crimes contra a humanidade  e à limpeza étnica nas áreas controladas pelo Exército da República Srpska durante a Guerra da Bósnia de 1992-1995.

O genocídio de Srebrenica, em 1995, incluiu o assassianto de 8 000 garotos e homens bósnios muçulmanos e a expulsão de 25 000 a 30 000 civis bosníacos da cidade de Srebrenica e entorno,  por unidades do Exército da República Srpska, sob o comando do general Ratko Mladić.

A campanha de limpeza étnica aconteceu nas áreas controladas pelas forças dos bósnios sérvios e teve como alvo os bosníacos e os croatas bósnios. Incluiu extermínio, confinamento ilegal, estupro em massa, assédio sexual, tortura, pilhagem e destruição de propriedade privada e pública, tratamento desumano de civis; perseguição de líderes políticos, intelectuais e profissionais; deportação ilegal e transferência de civis; também incluiu o bombardeio contra alvos civis, a apropriação e pilhagem de propriedades pessoais, destruição de casas e estabelecimentos, além da destruição sistemática  de locais de culto religioso.

Além do Tribunal Penal Internacional para a ex-Jugoslávia e da Corte Internacional de Justiça, outras organizações internacionais, como o Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos e a Assembléia Geral das Nações Unidas, também passaram resoluções reconhecendo o genocídio ocorrido na Bósnia. De maneira semelhante, o Senado dos Estados Unidos, em sua resolução  134/2005, afirma que '"as políticas sérvias de agressão e limpeza étnica se enquadram na definição de genocídio". Além disso, três condenações por genocídio foram obtidas em cortes da Alemanha, com base em uma intepretação bem mais ampla de genocídio do que aquela usada pelas cortes internacionais.

Ver também
 Negacionismo histórico

Nota

Negacionismo
Genocídios
Guerra da Bósnia
História da Bósnia e Herzegovina
Guerras iugoslavas
1995 na Bósnia e Herzegovina
Massacres na Bósnia e Herzegovina

Negacionismo do genocídio bósnio


The Peace Bridge is an international bridge between Canada and the United States at the east end of Lake Erie at the source of the Niagara River, about  upriver of Niagara Falls. It connects Buffalo, New York, in the United States to Fort Erie, Ontario, in Canada. It is operated and maintained by the binational Buffalo and Fort Erie Public Bridge Authority.

The Peace Bridge consists of five arched spans over the Niagara River and a Parker deck-type truss span over the Black Rock Canal on the American side of the river. The length is . Material used in the construction included  of steelwork, 9,000 tons of structural steel and 800 tons of reinforcing steel in the concrete abutments. The Peace Bridge was named to commemorate 100 years of peace between the United States and Canada. It was constructed as a highway bridge to address pedestrian and motor vehicle traffic which could not be accommodated on the International Railway Bridge, built in 1873.

History

The building of the Peace Bridge was approved by the International Joint Commission on August 6, 1925. Edward Lupfer served as chief engineer.  A major obstacle to building the bridge was the swift river current, which averages . Construction began in 1925 and was completed in the spring of 1927. On March 13, 1927, Lupfer drove the first car across the bridge. On June 1, 1927, the bridge was opened to the public.

The official opening ceremony was held two months later, on August 7, 1927, with about 20,000 in attendance.  The festivities were transmitted to the public via radio in the first international coast-to-coast broadcast.  Newspapers at the time estimated that as many as 50 million listeners may have heard the broadcast.

The dignitaries who took part in the dedication ceremonies included The Prince of Wales (the future Edward VIII), Prince George, Canadian Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, U.S. Vice President Charles Dawes, Secretary of State Frank Kellogg, New York Governor Al Smith and Ontario Premier Howard Ferguson.

When the bridge opened, Buffalo and Fort Erie each became the chief port of entry to their respective countries from the other. At the time it was the only vehicular bridge on the Great Lakes from Niagara Falls to New York. The bridge remains one of North America's important commercial ports with four thousand trucks crossing it daily.

After new toll facilities were installed on the Canadian side in 2005, the Peace Bridge became the first E-ZPass facility outside the United States. There are no fees for entering the US.

Alternatives
The Peace Bridge is one of the busiest on the Canada–United States border, with over one million trucks crossing it each year and delays of up to almost four hours. Other nearby bridges between the United States and Canada include the Rainbow Bridge, the Queenston-Lewiston Bridge and the Whirlpool Rapids Bridge. The Queenston-Lewiston Bridge and the Peace Bridge are the only Niagara River crossings that allow heavy trucks.

Customs inspection and toll plazas

There are customs plazas at both ends of the bridge, with the Canadian plaza the newer and larger of the two.

The inbound customs plaza in the United States has seven lanes for trucks and nine for cars. Pedestrians and cyclists are processed to the left of the truck inspection area.

The inbound customs plaza in Canada was designed by NORR Limited Architects and Engineers and completed in 2010. There are 14 booths/lanes for cars and a separate area for trucks (handling five trucks at a time). Pedestrians and cyclists are processed in an area on the right side of the inspection area for cars.

Once vehicles leave the customs plaza in Canada, vehicles approach a smaller toll plaza to pay toll for using the Peace Bridge. Payment for tolls are accepted in cash ($8.00 USD or $10.25 CAD), E-ZPass ($4.00 USD), or old Peace Bridge tokens. There are no toll booths when entering the U.S. and no tolls for pedestrians or cyclists.

Preclearance

In October 2012, it was announced by the DHS and Public Safety Canada that a pilot program, years in the works, to preclear all truck traffic from Canada into Buffalo would be commenced. The pilot would start in late December 2012 and run for 18 months, after which the economic benefits would be assessed and its feasibility to make permanent would then be recommended to both the U.S Congress and the Parliament of Canada.

Road connections
On the New York side, Interstate 190 has a direct northbound off-ramp (exit 9) onto the Peace Bridge. On the Ontario side, the Queen Elizabeth Way begins at the Canadian Customs plaza.

Commemorations

 Buffalo resident Emma M. Herold-Haft composed the Peace Bridge March in honor of the bridge's opening in 1927.
 On August 4, 1977, Canada Post and the United States Postal Service brought out a joint issue of postage stamps to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the bridge. Unusual for joint issues, the two designs are radically different, with the US print being all blue and the Canadian print in full colour).

See also
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in New York
List of bridges in Canada
List of crossings of the Niagara River
List of reference routes in New York
Peace Bridge robins

References

Further reading

External links

Peace Bridge Authority

Images from the Historic Niagara Digital Collections

1927 establishments in Canada
1927 establishments in New York (state)
Canada–United States border crossings
Bridges completed in 1927
Bridges in Buffalo, New York
Bridges over the Niagara River
Buildings and structures in Buffalo, New York
Canada–United States bridges
Historic American Engineering Record in New York (state)
Open-spandrel deck arch bridges in Canada
Open-spandrel deck arch bridges in the United States
Parker truss bridges in the United States
Pratt truss bridges
Road bridges in New York (state)
Road bridges in Ontario
Roads with a reversible lane
Steel bridges in Canada
Steel bridges in the United States
Toll bridges in Canada
Toll bridges in New York (state)
Transport in Fort Erie, Ontario
Transportation buildings and structures in Erie County, New York
Truss arch bridges in Canada
Truss arch bridges in the United States
Peace symbols

Peace Bridge