Toluen tinerin karakteristik kokusuna sahip renksiz, suda çözünmeyen bir sıvıdır. Toluen, bir fenil grubuna bağlı CH3'ten oluşan mono-substituent benzen türevidir. Bundan dolayı toluenin IUPAC sistematik adı metil benzendir. Toluen bir aromatik hidrokarbondur. Ayrıca TNT (trinitrotoluen) patlayıcı madde yapımında kullanılır.

Endüstriyel özellikleri
Pek polar olmasa da, birçok organik madde için çok iyi bir çözücüdür. Ama tepkime sonrası ortamdan uzaklaştırılması biraz zor olmaktadır. Benzenin aksine kanserojen olmaması, sanayide de çözücü olarak daha çok tercih edilmesine olanak sağlar. Kuvvetli oksitleyicilerle ve kuvvetli asitlerle şiddetli reaksiyona girer. Üzerindeki metil grubu tolueni benzene göre 25 kat daha reaktif yapar. Endüstriyel üretimi fosil yakıt kaynaklarından olduğu için nispeten ucuz olarak büyük miktarlarda üretilebilir. Dünyanın yıllık toplam toluen üretimi yaklaşık 12 milyon tondur.

Endüstriyel toluen eldesi
Toluen eldesinin esas (ilk) kaynağı olan fırın gazından toluen eldesinin yerini, gazyağının katalitik bozunması ve buhar ayrımı (destilasyon) sayesinde sıvı ham maddelerin piroliz benzinden eldesi, almıştır.

Piroliz benzin, sıvı hidrokarbonların (gazyağı ve petrol benzeri) buhar ayrımı yolu ile ayrılmasından elde edilir. Bu yöntemin tercihi hızla artan bir grafik göstermektedir. Tolueni elde edebilmek için bu ayrılmış likit hidrokarbonlar stabil olamamaları sebebiyle, aromatiklerin çekip ayrılmasından mutlaka önce, hidrojene edilmelidirler. Katalitik bozunma yoluyla toluen eldesinde, aromatik yönden zengin bir hidrokarbon karışımı, 17 bar ile 21 bar arası basınç; 530 °C sıcaklık altında dehidrojenasyon katalizöründen geçirilir.

Fraksiyon yolu ile hafif, kolay uçucu hidrokarbon gazlarının uzaklaştırılması ardından, aromatiklik yönünden daha da zengin bir destilat elde edilir.

Karışımın destilasyonu

Katalitik bozunma sonucu elde edilen hidrokarbonlar açısından zengin karşım maddelerin ayrılması için destile edilir

Toluen, bu destilatın azeotropik destilasyondan ya da daha çok kullanılmakta olan (yine bu maddeden) sıvı-sıvı ekstraksiyonu ile elde edilebilir. Benzen (%99 saflıkta) Toluen (%95 saflıkta) elde edilir. Cyclar denilen ve BP ile UOP tarafından kullanılmakta olan yeni bir proses ise kısaca; LPG'deki propan ve bütanları aromatiklere dönüştürmeyi ifade eder. Şimdiye dek bu amaçlı kurulan tek fabrika Suudi Arabistan'da kurulmuştur. Çok az miktar da olsa toluen, hâlâ taşkömürü karbonizasyonu yöntemiyle, hafif yağ formunda üretilmekteyken, bazı ufak miktarlar ise stiren üretiminde yan ürün olarak geri kazanılmaktadır.

Kullanım alanları
 Genel olarak solvent olarak kullanılır boyalarda ve boyaları inceltmek için.
 Birçok kimyasal reaksiyonda reaktan olarak. En genel kimyasal kullanımı benzen ve ksilen eldesidir.
 Plastik (kauçuk) imalatında.
 Mürekkep yapımında.
 Dezenfektanlarda.
 Folluren indikatörü olarak.
 Okside edildiğinde benzaldehit ve benzoik asit gibi çok önemli ara bileşiklere dönüşür.
 Önemli bir karbon kaynağıdır.
 Biyokimyada alyuvarları parçalayıp hemoglobini ortaya çıkarmada.
 Yakıtlarda oktan artırıcı olarak.
 Patlayıcı yapımında TNT (trinitrotoluen) ana maddesidir.

Yararlanılan kaynaklar

Alkil benzenler
Hidrokarbon çözücüler
Tehlikeli hava kirleticileri
Hidrokarbonlar

Toluen


وجه: وجه الإنسان

 الوجه مدينة في المملكة العربية السعودية
 عند أهل التصوف هو الوجود
 عند القراء يطلق على قسم من أحوال الإسناد
 الوجه في اللغة هو اللفظ المشترك الذي يستعمل في عدة معان كلفظ الأمة، والنظائر كالألفاظ المتواطئة.
 وجه التشبيه هو ما يشترك فيه الطرفان ويسمى بالجامع في الاستعارة

وجه (توضيح)


El Distrito Electoral N° 38 fue una demarcación territorial de carácter electoral correspondiente a la división electoral del territorio de Chile, que, junto con los distritos 36 y 37, conformó la 10a Circunscripción Senatorial, correspondiente a las provincias de Curicó y Talca, en la Región del Maule.

El Distrito Electoral N° 38 correspondía a las comunas de Constitución, Curepto, Empedrado, Maule, Pelarco, Pencahue, Río Claro, San Clemente y San Rafael, es decir, a todas las comunas de la provincia de Talca, a excepción de la capital provincial y regional, Talca, la cual constituía el Distrito electoral 37 (Chile). Es una zona eminentemente rural y de actividad agrícola y forestal, con pocos núcleos urbanos de importancia, siendo Constitución el de mayor tamaño en el distrito. Como ocurría con todos los distritos del país existentes hasta 2018, elegía dos diputados, mediante el sistema binominal.

Los últimos diputados que representaron a este distrito fueron Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Ramírez (RN) y Pablo Lorenzini (PDC).

Historial electoral

El distrito electoral N° 38 fue siempre una zona muy proclive a la Concertación, aunque desde 1990 siempre han venido eligiéndose un diputado por la Concertación y el otro por la Alianza o Coalición por el Cambio, hoy Chile Vamos.

Los diputados del distrito 38 fueron:
1990-1994 Jaime Campos Quiroga (PR) Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Büchi (RN)
1994-1998 Romy Rebolledo Leyton (PPD) Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Büchi (RN)
1998-2002 Pablo Lorenzini Basso (PDC) Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Büchi (RN)
2002-2006 Pablo Lorenzini Basso (PDC) Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Büchi (RN)
2006-2010 Pablo Lorenzini Basso (PDC) Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Büchi (RN)
2010-2014 Pablo Lorenzini Basso (PDC) Pedro Álvarez-Salamanca Ramírez (RN)

Distritos electorales de Chile (1990-2018)

38.º distrito electoral de Chile (1990-2018)


Cyclecar Italiana Petromilli war ein italienischer Hersteller von Automobilen.

Unternehmensgeschichte
Costantino Petromilli übernahm 1922 Teile des liquidierten Unternehmens Società Torinese Automobili Rapid in Turin und begann mit der Produktion von Automobilen. Der Markenname lautete CIP. 1924 endete die Produktion.

Fahrzeuge
Das Unternehmen stellte Cyclecars und Kleinwagen her. Die Fahrzeuge boten wahlweise Platz für zwei oder vier Personen. Für den Antrieb sorgte ein selbst entwickelter Vierzylindermotor mit 1075 cm³ Hubraum. Die bauartbedingte Höchstgeschwindigkeit war mit 70 bis 80 km/h für die Standardausführung und 110 km/h für das Sportmodell 1075 S angegeben. Die Fahrzeuge verfügten über Vierradbremsen.

Literatur

 Nick Georgano: The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile, Volume 1 A–F. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 (englisch)

Weblinks
 GTÜ Gesellschaft für Technische Überwachung mbH (abgerufen am 12. Februar 2012)

Einzelnachweise

Ehemaliger Pkw-Hersteller (Italien)
Ehemaliges Unternehmen (Turin)
Ehemaliger Cyclecar-Hersteller

Cyclecar Italiana Petromilli


Edmond Dantès () is a title character, Byronic hero and the protagonist of Alexandre Dumas's 1844 adventure novel The Count of Monte Cristo. Within the story's narrative, Dantès is an intelligent, honest and loving man who turns bitter and vengeful after he is framed for a crime he did not commit. When Dantès finds himself free and enormously wealthy, he takes it upon himself to reward those who have helped him in his plight and punish those responsible for his years of suffering. He is known by the aliases The Count of Monte Cristo (), Sinbad the Sailor (Sinbad le Marin), Abbé Busoni and Lord Wilmore.

Historys

Dantès, first mate
When the reader is first introduced to Edmond Dantès, he arrives in Marseille as first mate aboard the merchant ship Le Pharaon (The Pharaoh).  At only 19 years old, the young Dantès seems destined for success. Although the trip was successful, the former Captain, Leclère, has fallen ill and died. Dantès relays these events to his patron, M. Morrel, who tells Dantès that he will try to have him named captain. Dantès rushes off to see his father and then his beloved, the young Catalan woman Mercédès, and the two agree to be married immediately.

The engagement and the arrest
The marriage never occurs, however. On the very night of their nuptial feast, Dantès is arrested as a suspected Bonapartist, a helper to Napoléon, and taken to see the public prosecutor, Gérard de Nortier. Edmond had been anonymously and falsely denounced by Danglars, Edmond's shipmate over whom he was promoted, and Fernand Mondego, a rival suitor for Mercédès' hand. Prosecutor De Villefort concludes that Edmond is innocent, and assures him that he will be released. He then asks for a piece of evidence cited in a letter denouncing Edmond to the authorities. The letter claims that on Edmond's last voyage, he made a stopover at the island of Elba, and received a letter from the deposed Emperor Napoléon. Edmond hands over the letter, which he received in the name of Captain Leclère, and of which the contents are unknown to Edmond.  De Villefort throws the letter on the fire for the letter is addressed to his father. Once again he promises Edmond's speedy release. De Villefort has renounced his father, a staunch Bonapartist, and destroyed the letter to protect himself, not Edmond; to further protect his name, de Villefort sentences Edmond to imprisonment in the dreaded Chateau d'If, an island fortress from which no prisoner had ever escaped, and to which the most dangerous political prisoners are sent.

Despair and near-suicide
After six long years in solitary confinement in the dungeons of the Chateau, Edmond decides to commit suicide by starving himself. Fearing he will be forced to eat, he throws out his food in secrecy. After nearly six months, he hears scratching against the wall of his cell. Curiosity about the source of the noise inspires him to begin eating again.  He taps on his wall several times, and when the scratching stops, he concludes that it is a prisoner trying to escape. He then uses the saucepan on which his food is served to begin digging where he heard the scratching before in hopes that it was another prisoner digging his way to freedom. Dantès eventually breaks through enough of the wall that he is able to exchange a brief greeting with an old Italian abbé named Faria, sometimes called the "Mad Priest", who had indeed been attempting to dig to freedom.

Edmond and the Abbé
The two prisoners become very close, with the learned priest teaching Dantès all he knows about reading, mathematics, science, languages, philosophy, history, sword fighting, and economics. Together, they determine who betrayed Edmond, and although Faria disapproves, Edmond plans vengeance against his betrayers. The two spend years digging a tunnel to freedom, but Faria dies before they can escape. Before Abbe Faria died, he revealed to Edmond a secret treasure, hidden on the island of Monte Cristo. That night, Edmond exchanges himself for his mentor in the priest's bodybag, and escapes from the prison. The jailers, rather than burying prisoners, toss them over the fortress' wall into the sea, weighted with an iron ball chained around the legs. Using a knife made from a sharpened crucifix, Edmond frees himself and reaches the surface. Edmond swims to a small island nearby to seek refuge from the storm for the night. The next day, he swims out to sea as a smuggling ship passes by and is rescued under the pretense of being a shipwreck victim. Edmond soon suggests a stopover and trading of goods at the small island of Monte Cristo, during which he confirms that Faria's treasure exists. On this and subsequent visits, Edmond becomes wealthy.

Loyalty and betrayal
Upon returning to Marseille, Edmond learns that his father had died of hunger and that Mercédès had married Fernand 8 months after he was supposedly executed for treason. His old neighbour Gaspard Caderousse is still alive, and—under the guise of the Abbé Busoni—Edmond visits him to learn more. Caderousse tells him that Morrel had tried to obtain a fair trial for Edmond, and how Mercédès pleaded for his release. He also learns that those who had remained loyal to him had suffered greatly, while those who had betrayed him had prospered. Edmond thanks Caderousse for the information, paying him with a large diamond that he said had come into Edmond's possession while in prison. Realizing that only Morrel had remained loyal, Edmond creates three disguises — an Englishman named Lord Wilmore, a clerk from the banking firm Thomson and French, and Sinbad the Sailor — and uses them to save Morrel from bankruptcy and suicide. Edmond then goes into hiding, spending nine years reforming himself as the Count of Monte Cristo.

Paris and the Count
Edmond emerges into Parisian society as the mysterious and sophisticated Count of Monte Cristo. Having purchased the deed to the island from whence he obtained his treasure, Edmond is able to place himself in the upper strata of Parisian society and assume the role of one of the most influential men in all of France. As such, he is introduced to several other powerful men, most notably Danglars, who is now a wealthy banker; Mondego, who is now Count de Morcerf and a military hero; and M. Villefort, who is now the procureur du roi, one of the most powerful advocates in the country.  Furthermore, Mondego has married Mercédès, and the two have a son named Albert. Having established himself in Parisian society, and having distanced himself from Edmond Dantès, the Count is able to formulate his plans of revenge against the men who betrayed him. By the end of the novel, Edmond had exacted his revenge on all of the men who would have seen him rot in prison. He exposes Villefort and Mondego for their part in the conspiracy, ruining their respective reputations and bringing the police down upon them; Villefort goes insane, and Mondego commits suicide. Danglars is, for a time, captured by the Italian bandit Luigi Vampa, made to understand Edmond's suffering, and stripped of all of his wealth. Edmond, at the end of the novel, departs with Haydée (previously enslaved by Mondego and liberated by Edmond), leaving with words of immortal wisdom: "to wait and hope".

Portrayal in adaptations
James O'Neill, father of playwright Eugene, performed the title role over 6,000 times during his career. Edmond Dantès has been portrayed on film many times by actors such as George Dolenz, Robert Donat, Jean Marais, Louis Jourdan, Gérard Depardieu, Richard Chamberlain, and, most recently, Jim Caviezel. Dantès has also been portrayed on stage, including in a musical adaptation of the novel.

In the Japanese animated television series Gankutsuou: The Count of Monte Cristo, he is voiced by Jōji Nakata in the Japanese version and by Jamieson Price in the English dub.

There are also at least three adaptations into television soap operas, the last of which being the 2006 Mexican series Montecristo.

In 2011, ABC debuted the television drama Revenge, billed as a loose adaptation of Dumas' The Count of Monte Cristo. In it, the character of Dantès is envisioned as a female protagonist by the name of Emily Thorne (portrayed by actress Emily VanCamp).

He is portrayed as an Avenger-class Servant in the popular mobile game, Fate/Grand Order, where his character is designed for the game by Rui Komatsuzaki and voiced by Nobunaga Shimazaki.

Craig Horner portrays the Count of Monte Cristo in the second episode of the sixth season of Once Upon a Time. In the series, Edmond seeks revenge on Baron Danglars for burning down his village and murdering his fiancée. Edmond manages to kill him at a party. Afterwards, he is approached by the Evil Queen Regina who was impressed with his vengeance and hires Edmond to kill Snow White and Prince Charming. Edmond poses as a victim of the Queen and becomes Snow and Charming's wine steward, but he is hesitant to kill them after he discovers they are nice people. Edmond nonetheless prepares to poison the royal couple. As Rumplestiltskin needs them alive for his own purposes, he poisons Snow and Charming's handmaiden Charlotte, whom Edmond has fallen in love with, with poison from the Agrabahn Vipers. This forces Edmond to take Charlotte to the Land of Untold Stories where their story "cannot play out". Years later, the Evil Queen has redeemed but because of Dr. Jekyll's serum, Regina and the Queen are two separate people. Edmond is among the inhabitants of the Land of Untold Stories that are emigrated to Storybrooke with Charlotte dying from the poison. The Evil Queen takes Edmond's heart to try to force him to kill Snow and Charming. This left Regina with no choice but to kill Edmond by throwing her sword into his back.

Referenced in other films
Edmond Dantès was referenced in the final scenes of V for Vendetta (2005); protagonist Evey Hammond describes terrorist V as Edmond Dantès after he martyrs himself to bring down the tyrannical Norsefire government. Earlier in the movie, V and Evey watch the 1934 film adaptation of The Count of Monte Cristo, which V states is his favourite movie.

Writer/director John Hughes used Edmond Dantès as his pseudonym late in his career.

Sources

The story of Dantès' imprisonment in the Château d'If was likely inspired by the imprisonment of Gen. Thomas-Alexandre Dumas (Alexandre Dumas, pères own father) in a dungeon fortress in Taranto, Italy, in 1799–1801.

References

Alexandre Dumas characters
Fictional characters with alter egos
Fictional counts and countesses
Fictional sailors
Fictional French people in literature
Fictional vigilantes
Fictional swordfighters in literature
Fictional prisoners and detainees
Literary characters introduced in 1844
Fictional prison escapees
Fictional attempted suicides
The Count of Monte Cristo

Edmond Dantès


Jepha 'Jeph' Howard (d. 4 Ocak 1979, Colorado Springs) 2001 yılında kurulmuş "The Used" adlı Amerikalı rock grubunun bas gitaristidir.

Daha çok "Jepha" lakabıyla tanınan Jeph Howard tek çocuktur ve gitarist bir arkadaşıyla birlikte izcilik yaparken ona eşlik etmek için bas gitar öğrenmeye karar vermiştir. Utah, Orem'de büyüdü ve The Used grubuna önce vokalist olarak katıldı. Ardından da gruba vokalist olarak Bert McCracken'ın katılmasıyla bas gitar pozisyonuna geçti.

Hip-hop, pop rock, screamo ve metalcore gibi birçok farklı müzik tarzını dinleyerek büyüdü ve daha sonra Quinn Allman ile tanıştı.

2021'den beri GrassDestroyer kullanıcı adıyla yayın platformu Twitch'te canlı video oyunları oynamaktadır.

Kaynakça

1979 doğumlular
Utah County doğumlular
Amerikalı bas gitaristler
Amerikalı vejetaryenler
Yaşayan insanlar

Jeph Howard


Golden Boy er en pris, der bliver uddelt af sportsjournalister til en ung fodboldspiller, som spiller i Europa. Den bliver uddelt til den, der har været den mest imponerende i et kalenderår. Alle nominerede skal være under 21 år og spille på en europæisk nations øverste niveau.

Tildeling
Prisen blev indstiftet af den italienske sportsavis Tuttosport i 2003. Aviser, der deltager i afstemningen om prisen omfatter Bild (Tyskland), Blick (Schweiz), A Bola (Portugal), l'Équipe (Frankrig), France Football (Frankrig), Marca (Spanien), El Mundo Deportivo (Spanien), Ta Nea (Grækenland), Sport Express (Rusland), De Telegraaf (Nederlandene) og The Times (Storbritannien). Hvert medlem af juryen kan nominere fem spillere og hvert jurymedlem tildeler 10 point til den spiller der anses mest imponerende, 7 point til den næste og herefter 5, 3 og 1 point til de øvrige.

Vindere

Priser fordelt efter position på banen
(opdateret oktober 2017)

Priser efter nationalitet
(opdateret oktober 2017)

Prisen efter klub
(opdateret oktober 2017)
År i fed er delt mellem flere klubber.

Noter

Referencer

Fodboldpriser

Golden Boy (Award)


Per capita er et latinsk præpositionsudtryk, der betyder "pr. indbygger" eller "pr. hoved". Begrebet bruges i flere samfundsvidenskaber, og statistiske forskningssammenhænge såsom økonomiske indikatorer, og miljøstudier.

Det bruges ofte indenfor statistikken i stedet for at sige "for hver person" eller "pr. person". Herudover bruges udtrykket også i testamenter til at indikere at hver begunstigede skal modtage en lige stor andel af boet - i modsætning til per stirpes, hvor hver gren af den arvende familie arver en lige stor del af boet.

Noter

Latinske vendinger
Økonomisk terminologi

Per capita


සුමිත‍්‍රආරච්චිගේ දොන් බන්දුල චන්ද්‍රසිරි ගුණවර්ධන, පා.ම (දෙමළ:பந்துல குணவர்தன, ඉංග්‍රීසි: Bandula Gunawardane), (උපත 1953 මාර්තු 15) යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකික දේශපාලකයෙක්, ගුරුවරයෙක් සහ චිත්‍රපට නිෂ්පාදකයෙක් වන අතර වත්මන් ප්‍රවාහන හා මහාමාර්ග අමාත්‍ය සහ ජනමාධ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය වේ. ගුණවර්ධන කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය සඳහා ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිදහස් පොදුජන සන්ධානය නියෝජනය කරමින් ශ්‍රී ලංකා පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ මන්ත්‍රීවරයෙක්.

මුල් ජීවිතය
ඔහු උපන්නේ ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ අවිසාසල්වැල්ල මැතිවරණ කොට්ඨාශයේ මාබුල ග්‍රාමයේ ය. ඔහුගේ ප්‍රාථමික අධ්‍යාපනය මාබුල රෝමානු කතෝලික පාසලෙන් වූ අතර ද්විතීයික අධ්‍යාපනය සඳහා ඔහු රාජසිංහ මධ්‍ය මහා විද්‍යාලයට ඇතුළත් විය. ඔහු උසස් පෙළ අධ්‍යාපනය සඳහා ලුම්බිණි විද්‍යාලය ඇතුළු වූ අතර වාණිජ විෂය ධාරාවෙන් උසස් පෙළ සමත්ව ශ්‍රී ජයවර්ධනපුර විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයට ඇතුළත් විය.

වෘත්තීය
ඔහු විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයේ සිටියදීම විනෝදාංශයක් ලෙස ආරම්භ කළ නගරයේ උපකාරක පන්ති ගුරුවරයෙකි. ඔහු 1989 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණය මහජන එක්සත් පෙරමුණ  පක්ෂයේ අපේක්ෂකයෙකු ලෙස සාර්ථකව තරඟ කර පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට පිවිසියේය. පසුව පැවති 1994 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණය ඔහු පරාජයට පත් විය.

ගුණවර්ධන සරසවිය සම්මාන දිනාගත් සුද්දිලාගේ කතාව චිත්‍රපටයේ නිෂ්පාදකයා විය.

පෞද්ගලික ජීවිතය
ඔහු විවාහක සහ දරුවන් හතර දෙනෙකු සිටී: පුතෙක්, සහන් සහ දියණියන් තිදෙනෙක්. 2021 දී ඔහුගේ දියණිය රන්දුලා නිව්යෝර්ක් හි එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිත්‍ය නියෝජිත කාර්යාලයේ තුන්වන ලේකම්වරිය ලෙස පත් කරන ලදී.

ආශ්‍රිත ලිපි
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙහි කැබිනට් මණ්ඩලය

සටහන්

මූලාශ්‍ර

බාහිර සබැඳි
 "කන්‍යාවි" අසභ්‍යයි? ගුවන්විදුලියේ තහනම්

බන්දුල ගුණවර්ධන


Um objeto cisnetuniano é, literalmente, qualquer corpo astronômico encontrado na órbita de Netuno. No entanto, o termo é normalmente usado para aqueles planetas menores distantes que não sejam objetos transnetunianos: isto é, todos os corpos subplanetários que orbitam o Sol em ou dentro da distância de Netuno, mas fora da órbita de Júpiter. Isso inclui os planetas menores gelados conhecidos como centauros e os troianos de Netuno.

Notas

Planetas menores distantes

Objeto cisnetuniano


Ana Cristina de Lima Pimentel (Congonhas, 15 de Maio de 1982) é uma política brasileira, filiada ao Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), eleito para o cargo de Deputado Federal por Minas Gerais.

Biografia
Ana Pimentel foi secretária de saúde de Juiz de Fora, sob a gestão de Margarida Salomão (PT), o qual se desligou de sua posição para se candidatar à deputada federal em 2022, eleição no qual foi eleita, atingindo a votação de 72.698 votos.

Em Novembro de 2022, durante o Governo de Transição de Lula (PT), foi nomeada como parte da equipe de transição da área relacionada à educação.

Ligações externas

Nascidos em 1982
Naturais de Congonhas
Deputados federais do Brasil por Minas Gerais
Membros do Partido dos Trabalhadores
Mulheres de Minas Gerais na política

Ana Cristina de Lima Pimentel


The Church of God (Guthrie, Oklahoma), also known as the Church of God Evening Light, is a Christian denomination in the Wesleyan-Arminian and Restorationist traditions, being aligned with the conservative holiness movement.

History
The origin of the Church of God lies in the holiness movement, particularly the teaching of Daniel Sidney Warner that led to the establishment of the Church of God (Anderson). Distinctives included the teaching that "all believers are members of the church of God" and the "concept of unity among believers." The Church of God taught nonresistance and held that "interracial worship was a sign of the true Church", with both whites and blacks ministering regularly in Church of God congregations, which invited people of all races to worship there. Those who were entirely sanctified testified that they were "saved, sanctified, and prejudice removed." Though outsiders would sometimes attack Church of God services and camp meetings for their stand for racial equality, Church of God members were "undeterred even by violence" and "maintained their strong interracial position as the core of their message of the unity of all believers".

George Winn, an ex-slave, founded the Guthrie congregation itself at Guthrie in 1905. Its early work toward racial integration gained it the pejorative title The Church of God (Holstein). The Guthrie congregation and associated congregations are from a group who under the leadership of C.E. Orr dissolved fellowship with Church of God (Anderson) as a result of controversies, chiefly "worldly conformity in dress", that arose regarding liberal versus conservative issues during the years 1910-1917; the Church of God is thus among the progenitors of the conservative holiness movement though it remains generally isolated due to its anti-sectarian position. The Guthrie congregation felt that the larger Church of God (Anderson) was compromising the original teachings of the Evening Light Reformation and chose to remain with what they believed to be the original standards. They felt that this could easily be ascertained by comparing the teachings of the Anderson Movement at that time with the original writings of the Evening Light Reformation. The term "Evening Lights Saints", connected to the Church of God's mission to evangelism, is derived from : "...it shall come to pass, that at evening time it shall be light."

In 2003, the Church of God (Guthrie, Oklahoma) had 43 congregations in 18 states in the United States; (the largest concentrations being in Oklahoma and California). The church does not keep membership rolls. Faith and Victory (founded 1923) is a monthly publication of the church. Through mission efforts the church has extended into at least 11 other countries outside of the U.S., including India, Mexico, Nigeria and the Philippines.

Theology and practices
This body teaches that believers should closely follow the teachings of The Bible. They see an example in spiritual leaders of the holiness movement such as Daniel Sidney Warner, among others, that were instrumental in bringing about the "Evening Light Reformation." They believe that God began to restore the church to the standards and light of the early morning church era through Warner and others in 1880.

The doctrines and practices of the church reflect those of the Church of God (Anderson) in its earlier days. In comparison, the church maintains a stronger emphasis on outward, practical holiness and separation from cultural trends of the world than the present Anderson Movement. Entire Sanctification is held as a second work of grace after the New Birth. The Church of God teaches that "Acts of benevolence and charity are foundational to the life of a Christian" and that "True godly love and religious faith are demonstrated through sacrifice in ministering to the needy and less fortunate." In keeping with the standard of holiness, a ministerial statement was issued in 1959 taking a stand against people in leadership positions in the church having televisions in their homes. Those who attend the Church of God practice plain dress and do not wear jewelry, inclusive of wedding rings. Women do not wear makeup or cut their hair; "plaiting or interweaving material or other items into the hair is forbidden". In keeping with the doctrine of outward holiness, men keep their hair cut short and wear pants, while women wear long skirts or dresses. The church teaches that the committing of willful sin, and that alone, disqualifies someone from being a member.

As the Church of God teaches nonresistance, it falls into the subcategory of Holiness Pacifists (along with other denominations such as the Emmanuel Association of Churches). It teaches that marriage is "a lifetime union between one man and one woman" and forbids the remarriage of divorced persons.

Practices of the church include baptism by immersion, the Lord's supper, feet washing, lifting up holy hands, anointing with oil, divine healing, fasting and a cappella singing. With regard to the administration of Holy Communion, the Church of God teaches that "communion of the body and blood of the Lord among believers could not be signified in any other way than by all of them partaking of one loaf and one cup...A number of small individual glasses and a number of small individual wafers or pieces of bread may be a proper signification of sectism and division, or maybe of individualism, but not of the unity and oneness of believers as they partake of that one bread and one body." The Church of God has a ministry of elders and deacons. Teaching on the end of time is that the second coming of the Lord represents the end of the world and the end of life on the world for all people, both good and evil, without there being a one thousand-year reign on earth or second chance for the wicked to repent. Free-will offering is taught rather than tithing, and the ministry believes in living by faith rather than accepting salaries. Although Guthrie is home to one of the larger congregations in this fellowship, Guthrie is not the headquarters. The church teaches that Christ is the head of the church and that the headquarters is in heaven. An ecclesiastical hierarchy with one man having the preeminence over others is considered man-rule and not the pattern described in the Bible for church leadership. It opposes the Pentecostal practice of glossolalia.

Camp meetings
The congregation at Guthrie hosts the Oklahoma State campmeeting each May and the Oklahoma State assembly meeting each December.

A campground for church of God meetings was built at Monark Springs, Missouri. The original tabernacle was constructed in 1940, and has been expanded more than once.  The tabernacle at Monark is still in use today for the national Church of God campmeeting, with attendance from a number of States and international locations.

The Monark campmeeting begins the third Friday of each July and continues for 10 days. The grounds include dining and sleeping facilities. The Church of God ministry believes in Holy Spirit leadership in the services, allowing liberty for calling of songs, testimonies, and preaching in the general services, as the Lord leads rather than following a prepared schedule. Special services are usually set aside for missionary reports, for observance of foot-washing and the Lord's supper, and for healing of the sick. The healing service coincides with fast day.

Two meetings are held in Guthrie each year - the Oklahoma State Campmeeting toward the end of May and the Assembly meeting toward the end of December. Both are ten-day meetings. Other major meetings are held in California, West Virginia, and Louisiana each year.

References

Birth of a Reformation - Life and Labors of D. S. Warner, by A. L. Byers
Encyclopedia of American Religions, J. Gordon Melton, editor
Profiles in Belief: the Religious Bodies of the United States and Canada (Vol. III), by Arthur Carl Piepkorn
''Church of God Doctrines (1979 Edition), by Cecil C. Carver

External links
Church of God Website - Doctrines of truth and holiness, books for the seeker, tracts for the believer and unbeliever, recorded messages that can be heard online, beautiful singing and food for the soul.
The Gospel Truth - Church of God teaching
Church of God missionary efforts -  in Africa
Church of God missionary efforts -  in Honduras and India
Testimonies of Saints -  Healing, Salvation, and Sanctification
Church of God Singing -  Congregational and Special Songs
Church of God Preaching - Gospel preaching by Church of God ministry
Predicación - Predicación de la iglesia de Dios en Español
Church of God camp meeting notices - Dates, locations, and contact information for Church of God meetings

Methodism in the United States
Churches in Oklahoma
Guthrie, Oklahoma
Holiness denominations
Holiness pacifism

Church of God (Guthrie, Oklahoma)


ෆයිටිං මැක් ලෙසින්ද හැඳින්වූ, මේජර් ජනරාල් ශ්‍රීමත් හෙක්ටර් ආචිබෝල්ඩ් මැක්ඩොනල්ඩ්, KCB, DSO (4 මාර්තු 1853 – 25 මාර්තු 1903), වික්ටෝරියානු යුගයේ කීර්තිමත් සොල්දාදුවෙකි.

කුඩා වතු හිමියෙකුගේ පුතෙකුවූ මැක්ඩොනල්ඩ්, වයස අවුරුදු 15 වීමට ප්‍රථම පැසැල් හැර ගොස්, වයස අවුරුදු 17 ක්වත්ම සාමාන්‍ය භටයෙකු ලෙසින් ගෝර්ඩන් හයිලන්ඩර්ස් වෙත බැඳී, තම වෘත්තිය කෙළවර මේජර් ජනරාල් වරයෙකු වූ අතර,  "තම කුසලතාවය හා වෘත්තිය දක්ෂතාවය නිසාවෙන්ම සාමාන්‍ය භටයෙකුව සිට ඉහළ නැග පැමිණි බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය හමුදා ජනරාල්වරුන් ස්වල්ප දෙනා අතුරින් එක් අයෙකු විය."  ඔම්ඩර්මන්හි ක්‍රියාන්විතයන්හිදී (1896) විශිෂ්ටත්වය පෙන්නුම් කල ඔහු, එංගලන්තයෙහි හා ස්කොට්ලන්තයෙහි ජනප්‍රිය වීරයෙක් වූ අතර, දෙවන බෝර් යුද්ධයෙහිදී ඔහුගේ සේවාව වෙනුවෙන් නයිට් පදවියෙන් පුදනු ලැබීය. බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය හමුදාවන්හී ආඥාපති ලෙසින් ලංකාවට (ශ්‍රී ලංකාව) පත් කරනු ලැබුනු ඔහු 1903දී සිය දිවි නසා ගත්තේ ස්වදේශීය පිරිමි ලමුන් හා සමගින්  සමලිංගික ඇසුරෙහි යෙදුනු බවට චෝදනා එල්ල වීමෙන් අනතුරුවය.

සටහන්

හෙක්ටර් මැක්ඩොනල්ඩ්


Nummer-et hits i Danmark i 2002 er en liste over de singler der lå nummer et på den danske singlehitliste i 2002. Den var udarbejdet af International Federation of the Phonographic Industry og Nielsen Soundscan, og udgives af hitlisten.nu.

Historie

Referencer

Se også
 Musik i 2002

2002
Musik i 2002

Nummer-et hits i Danmark i 2002


Place des Vosges à Épinal ;
 Place des Vosges à Nancy ;
 Place des Vosges à Paris.

Vosges

Place des Vosges (homonymie)


Émile Deville (1824-1853) fue un médico, naturalista y taxidermista francés.

Emile Deville, ya empleado del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Francia, se unió a la expedición de 1843 de Francis de Laporte de Castelnau a Sudamérica con el médico y botánico Hugh Algernon Weddell. Volvió con muchos ejemplares de aves, especialmente loros, incluyendo dos nuevas especies, el perico de Bonaparte y la lorita pico negro, que él describió en 1851. También describió, con Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, el cotoncillo colorado y algunos cangrejos del infraorden braquiuros.

Véase también
Taxones descritos por Émile Deville

Fuentes

Edward Julius Goodman, 1992, The Explorers of South America, Universidad de Oklahoma.

Naturalistas de Francia del siglo XIX
Ornitólogos de Francia del siglo XIX
Nacidos en París

Émile Deville


La nun (𐤍) es la decimocuarta letra del alfabeto fenicio. Representaba el sonido sonante, nasal y alveolar transliterado como /n/. De esta letra derivan la nun siríaca (ܢ), la nun hebrea (נ), la nūn árabe (ﻥ), la ni (Ν) griega, la N latina y la Н cirílica.

Historia
Su significado originario más probable es «serpiente» o «anguila». En arameo nun significa «serpiente», término que en hebreo es nakhash. En fenicio, como en árabe, nūn significa «pez» o «bestia marina», de donde se extrae la hipótesis de que se refiera a algún tipo de animal marino, como una anguila. El glifo guarda una gran semejanza con el jeroglífico egipcio de serpiente.

Véase también
 Alfabeto fenicio

Referencias

Alfabeto fenicio

𐤍


Yolandi du Toit (* 3. Juni 1985 in Welkom) ist eine ehemalige südafrikanische Radrennfahrerin.

2006 wurde Yolandi du Toit Afrikameisterin im Straßenrennen. 2007 gewann sie das Straßenrennen bei den Panafrikanischen Spielen in Algier und belegte bei den Afrikameisterschaften Platz zwei im Einzelzeitfahren sowie Platz drei im Straßenrennen.

Teams
 2006 Team FBUK
 2007–2008 Lotto Belisol Ladies

 2012 Team Bizhub – FCF

Weblinks

Radsportler (Südafrika)
Teilnehmer an den Afrikaspielen (Südafrika)
Afrikameister (Radsport)
Geboren 1985
Frau
Südafrikaner

Yolandi du Toit


Hakan Evrensel (d. 1967, Ankara) Türk hikâye, roman ve senaryo yazarı.

Kuleli Askeri Lisesi, Kara Harp Okulu ve Piyade Okulu'nu bitirdikten sonra Güneydoğu'da çeşitli yerlerde görev aldı. Bir süre sonra askerliğin kendisini tatmin edemeyeceğini hissetti ve ordudan üsteğmen rütbesinde ayrıldı; gazetecilik ve kitap yazarlığı yapmaya başladı.

Yazdığı kitaplarda Güneydoğu'daki terör sorununu insanlara anlatmaya çalıştı. Kitaplarında devletin sadece terörist ile mücadele ettiğini, terörle mücadele adına ise hiçbir şey yapmadığını söyledi. Yöre insanın sıkıntılarını, devlete olan güvensizliğini, PKK'nın halk üzerinde oluşturduğu korkuyu, aynı zamanda cahillik yüzünden geri kalmışlığını anlattı. Ayrıca Türk askerinin hangi zor şartlarda görev yaptığını ve buna rağmen nasıl başarılı olduğunu anlattı. Terör örgütünü destekleyen yabancı devletlerin o topraklar üzerindeki çıkarlarına da değindi.

Yazdığı kitapların dışında sinema ve dizi senaryo yazarlığı yaptı.

Kitapları
 Güneydoğudan Öyküler - Likya Kültür Sanat Yayınları - 2019
Yer Eksi İki - Likya Kültür Sanat Yayınları - 2019
Yolun Açık Olsun - Likya Kültür Sanat Yayınları - 2019

Film senaryoları
 Nefes: Vatan Sağolsun - Yönetmen: Levent Semerci - 2009
Güneydoğu'dan Öyküler - Önce Vatan - TV dizisi - 2010
 Anadolu Kartalları - Yönetmen: Ömer Vargı - 2011
Yolun Açık Olsun - Yönetmen: Mehmet Ada Öztekin - 2022
Nefes: Yer Eksi İki - Yönetmen: Ozan Uzunoğlu - 2023

Dış bağlantılar
 Hakan Evrensel, Twitter
Hakan Evrensel , ekşi sözlük

Kaynakça

1967 doğumlular
Ankara doğumlu yazarlar
20. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
21. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
Resim aranan yazarlar
Yaşayan insanlar
20. yüzyıl Türk gazetecileri
21. yüzyıl Türk gazetecileri
Kuleli Askerî Lisesinde öğrenim görenler
Kara Harp Okulunda öğrenim görenler

Hakan Evrensel


O M40 é um fuzil de precisão (sniper) de ação por ferrolho usado pelo Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais dos Estados Unidos. Ele teve 4 variantes: M40, M40A1, M40A3 e M40A5. O M40 foi introduzido em 1966. A mudança para o modelo A1 foi concluída na década de 1970, o A3 na década de 2000 e o A5 em 2009.

O M40 original era uma versão de tipo militar do Remington 700; era feito em fábrica e tinha uma armação de madeira. O M40A1 e o A3 mudaram para armações de PRFV fabricadas pela McMillan, com novas miras.

O M40A5 incorpora um carregador destacável e um cano rosqueado para permitir o uso de um silenciador ou outro dispositivo de boca.

O Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais americano planeja substituir o M40 pelo Mk 13 Mod 7.

Operadores

: usado pelo Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais dos Estados Unidos.
: O Exército Nacional do Afeganistão recebeu M40A5s do USMC.
: Usado pelo PASKAL da Marinha Real da Malásia.
: 85 M40A5s adquiridos pelo Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais das Filipinas, entregues em 2017. Vários fuzis Remington M700P convertidos para o padrão M40A3.

Outros
Durante a insurgência iraquiana, os insurgentes capturaram dois M40A1s em junho de 2004 e dois M40A3s em agosto de 2005 de fuzileiros navais americanos mortos. Em junho de 2006, um dos dois M40A1 iniciais foi recuperado quando um atirador de elite iraquiano foi morto por um atirador de elite do USMC.

Fuzis de ferrolho
Fuzis de precisão
Fuzis de precisão dos Estados Unidos
Equipamentos militares de 1960-1969
Fuzis em 7,62x51mm OTAN
Fuzis de 7,62 mm

M40 (fuzil)


North Wiltshire was a local government district in Wiltshire, England, between 1974 and 2009, when it was superseded by Wiltshire Council.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by a merger of the municipal boroughs of Calne, Chippenham, and Malmesbury along with Calne and Chippenham Rural District, Cricklade and Wootton Bassett Rural District and Malmesbury Rural District. It shared its name with the North Wiltshire parliamentary constituency, the boundaries of which were coterminous with that of the district until 1997.

The new body's headquarters were in central Chippenham at Bewley House, a large office block which had been built in 1967 for Calne and Chippenham Rural District Council. They later moved to newly built offices at Monkton Park, another site in the town centre, overlooking the River Avon.

The district was abolished on 1 April 2009 as part of the structural changes to local government in England, when its functions were taken over by the new Wiltshire Council unitary authority.

Post-abolition events
Wiltshire Council retained the Monkton Park building as a satellite of its main offices at County Hall, Trowbridge.

Some local services, which had been the responsibility of the district council and had passed in 2009 to Wiltshire Council, were later transferred to the larger town and parish councils. Thus, by 2019, Chippenham Town Council had taken charge of a large park, a community centre and play areas, as well as services such as grounds maintenance and street cleaning.

See also
North Wiltshire local elections

References

English districts abolished in 2009
Former non-metropolitan districts of Wiltshire

North Wiltshire


Der Şanlıurfaspor ist ein türkischer Fußballverein aus Şanlıurfa. Ihre Heimspiele bestreitet die Mannschaft im Şanlıurfa GAP Stadı. Die Vereinsfarben sind gelb-grün und wurden vom Schriftsteller Mustafa Dişli vorgeschlagen, wobei das Gelb eine reife Weizenähre und das Grün eine unreife Weizenähre darstellen soll. Neben Fußball hat der Verein eine Basketballmannschaft, welche in der Amateurliga am Wettbewerb teilnimmt.

Geschichte

Gründung
Der Verein entstand am 1. Juni 1963 aus einer Fusion der Vereine Kahraman Uyanışspor, Beşiktaş und 11 Nisanspor. Am professionellen Spielbetrieb nahm der Verein das erste Mal in der Saison 1969/70 teil. In der damals dritthöchsten türkischen Liga, der 3. Türkiye Ligi, bestritt man das erste Spiel gegen Kırşehirspor.

Die nachfolgenden Jahre nahm der Verein an der dritthöchsten und zweithöchsten türkischen Liga teil.

Die Saison 2011/12 beendete man als Meister der TFF 2. Lig und erreichte damit nach elfjähriger Abstinenz den direkten Aufstieg in die TFF 1. Lig.

Ligazugehörigkeit
 2. Liga: 1977–1985, 1989–1990, 1995–2001, 2012–2017
 3. Liga: 1969–1977, 1985–1989, 1990–1995, 2001–2012, seit 2017

Ehemalige bekannte Spieler

Ehemalige Trainer (Auswahl)

Präsidenten (Auswahl)
  Fethi Şimşek
  İsmail Bağıban
  Emin Yetim

Weblinks
 sanliurfaspor.org – Offizielle Homepage (türkisch)
 Vereinsprofil auf tff.org (türkisch)
 Vereinsprofil auf mackolik.com (türkisch)

Fußballverein aus Şanlıurfa
Gegründet 1969

Şanlıurfaspor


es una ciudad localizada en la prefectura de Nagasaki, Japón. El 1 de enero de 2009, la ciudad tenía una población estimada de 89,891. El área total es de 126.33 km², incluyendo el aeropuerto de Nagasaki. La ciudad está situada en la ribera de la bahía a la que da nombre, bahía de Ōmura, casi un mar interior.

Historia
Ōmura es un pueblo-castillo, y fue la capital del dominio Ōmura, fue gobernado por el clan Ōmura por más de 900 años en el período pre-Meiji japonés. Ōmura era el sitio de considerable intercambio extranjero y de fuerte actividad misionera durante el período Muromachi, esta ciudad tenía una fuerte presencia católica; Santa Marina de Omura fue una mártir católica de esta ciudad. Debido a su cercanía con el asentamiento de intercambio neerlandés de Dejima, en Nagasaki, fue una de las primeras áreas de Japón en reanudar el contacto con el exterior al finalizar la política de aislamiento sakoku después de la restauración. En la ópera Madama Butterfly, hay referencias sobre esta ciudad, en esta ópera se narran eventos de la cercana Nagasaki, el lugar de Omara aparece en la línea «ed alla damigella Butterfly del quartiere d'Omara Nagasaki» se refiere a la ciudad de Ōmura. En los años de 1868-1945, Ōmura fue sede de numerosas instalaciones militares como parte del distrito naval de Sasebo, notable principalmente por una base aérea para la Armada aérea imperial japonesa.

La ciudad actual fue fundada el 11 de febrero de 1942. La ciudad fue tuvo mayores afectaciones por los bombardeos de Japón el 25 de octubre de 1944. Su recuperación de postguerra fue asistida por la construcción del aeropuerto de Nagasaki a orillas de la costa en el valle de Ōmura, y por otros proyectos de infraestructura.

Economía
Ōmura tiene una economía diversa, siendo la manofactura de ladrillo refractario una sus industrias más importante. La industria de lácteos, crianza de aves, y las perlas cultivadas son también de importancia. Sin embargo, debido a su proximidad con los grandes centros urbanos de Nagasaki y Sasebo, Ōmura funciona también como una ciudad dormitorio para ambas ciudades.

La aerolínea Oriental Air Bridge, es una aerolínea regional que tiene su sede en esta ciudad. En su momento J-Air tuvo su sede de operación en el aeropuerto.

Ciudades hermanas
  Sintra, Portugal
  Minhang, Shanghái, China

Galería

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial de la ciudad de Omura

Localidades de Nagasaki

Ōmura (Nagasaki)


Verdigris (starofr. vert de Grece: grčko zelenilo) je stariji pigment dobiven umjetnim putem. Hidratizirani bakreni(II) acetat je svjetlije plavičasto zelene obojenosti, kada je pomiješan sa smolnim sredstvom koji daju otpornost bakru postojaniji je od čistog pigmenta. Nepostojan je prema atmosferilijama i djeluje otrovno. Odbačen je početkom 20. stoljeća.

Bakreni(II) acetat, Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O, kristalizira u obliku tamnoplavih prizama, služi kao pigment, adstringens, slabo sredstvo za jetkanje te za elektroplatiranje bakrom.

Verdigris je uobičajeni naziv za zeleni pigment dobiven primjenom octene kiseline na bakrenim pločama ili prirodnu patinu koja nastaje kada se bakar, mjed ili bronca istroše i tijekom vremena izlože zraku ili morskoj vodi. Obično je bazični bakreni karbonat (Cu2CO3(OH)2), ali u blizini mora pretvorit će se u bakreni klorid (Cu2(OH)3Cl). Ako je u vrijeme vremenskih prilika prisutna octena kiselina, ona se može sastojati od bakrenog(II) acetata.

Povijest
U početku se verdigris dobivao na visećim bakrenim pločicama iznad vrućeg octa u zatvorenoj posudi, sve dok se na bakru nije stvorila zelena kora. Drugi način dobivanja pigmenta verdigris, koji se koristio u srednjem vijeku, bio je pričvršćivanje bakrenih traka na drveni blok s octenom kiselinom, a zatim bi se zakopao zapečeni blok u gnoju. Nekoliko tjedana kasnije lonac je iskopan i verdigris je sastrugan. U Montpellieru, u 18. stoljeću u Francuskoj, proizvodio se u podrumima za kućanstvo, "gdje su bakrene ploče bile slagane u glinene posude napunjene destiliranim vinom". Verdigris su tjedno sastrugale žene ukućana.

Kemijska reakcija dobivena između vina i bakra radi dobivanja verdigrisa može biti povezana s vlastitim postupkom oksidacije vina. Druga metoda koja je korištena u ranom 19. stoljeću odnosila se na reakciju otopine bakrenog sulfata s otopinama olova, barija ili kalcijevog acetata. Njihovi su sulfati netopljivi, stvaraju talog i ostavljaju bakreni acetat u otopini.

Patina

Patina (tal., od lat. patina: zdjela, tava) je zelenkast, smeđ ili crn sloj oksida koji se stvara na površini metalnih predmeta pod utjecajem vlage i zraka. Patina štiti metalni predmet od korozije. Redovita je pojava kod predmeta od bakra ili bakrenih slitina (osobito bronce), na kojima se stvara fini svijetlozeleni sloj. Umjetna i imitirana patina postiže se različitim kemijskim sredstvima; često se primjenjuje s namjerom da umjetničkim i umjetničkoobrtničkim predmetima dadne privid veće starosti. O patini se govori i kod arhitektonskih objekata, zbog djelovanja oborina, čađe i onečišćena zraka, te kod slika, na kojima nastaje zbog tamnjenja nestabilnih boja.

Stečene, prirodno nastale patine
Zelena patina koja prirodno nastaje na bakru ili bronci, ponekad se naziva i verdigrisom, sastavljena je od miješavine klorida, sulfida i karbonata. Atakamit je naziv minerala koji je sastavni dio nekih patina(klorid), a verdigris je opet više specifičan umjetni oblik te može nastati u dodiru bakra i octa ili octene kiseline. Kako je isti spoj vodotopiv, ne može ga se koristi u vanjskim uvjetima i češće je korišten kao pigment. Jedan od primjera patine je i zeleni površinski sloj koji nastaje na bakru, gdje nastaje bazični karbonat. Ovaj se sloj može formirati kako na bakru tako i na njegovim slitinama, kao što su bronca i mjed.

Često se na starom i korištenom vatrenom oružju razvija na mjestima gdje se istrošilo plavljenje, fosfatiranje ili nekog drugi zaštitni završni sloj. Takvo se oružje općenito smatra vrednijim od onog na kom je oštećen završni sloj obnovljen. Patina u tom slučaju štiti oružje od daljnjeg hrđanja do kog normalno dolazi na mjestima gdje je zaštitni sloj istrošen. Sloj patine obično nastaje tijekom duljeg izlaganja vanjskim uvjetima. Bakreni će krov brže razviti patinu od recimo bakrom opločenog pročelja, prije svega stoga što se na zakošenim površinama voda zadržava duže nego na okomitim. Kod građevina u blizini mora patina će se razviti brže nego u kontinentalnom dijelu. Na primjer u Londonu će za stvaranje patine trebati i pedesetak godina do nastanka za bakar tipične zelene patine. Pročelja optočena broncom ili mjedi izgledat će drugačije nego ona od čistog bakra. Kod bakrenih slitina moguće je danas čak i na dulje vrijeme zadržati zlatni izgled.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Pigmenti

Verdigris


محطة القصر هي محطة للسكك الحديدية ومحطة حافلات تقع في مدينة كيبك. هذه المحطة هي اخر محطة لفيا رايل كندا في مونتريال وكيبك، وكذلك للنقل البيمدني لخمس شركات من بينها اورليان اكسبرس وانتر كار. المحطة المبنية في عام 1915 بصفة خاصة تسمى محطة سككية تراثية من قبل مجلس المواقع التاريخية والمعالم بكندا.

التاريخ
منذ ما يقرب الاربعين عاما كان المبنى متواضعا من القرميد الأحمر يستقبل المسافرين الوافدين إلى العاصمة. لن تبدا الاشغال الا في 1915 بعد انتظار دام نصف قرن. لذا في 1916 أصبح لشركة الكندي الهادئ محطة متميزة انها محطة القصر. في الاصل كانت المحطة مخصصة للقطارات المارة من كيبك لتصل إلى بحيرة سان جان. تدريجيا ازداد عدد الخطوط. في 1976 اقفلت المحطة مؤقتا واعيد فتحها في 1985. المعلمة على شكل قصر كقصر فرونتناس بمدينة كيبك ومحطة-قصر فيجر بمونتريال.

مراجع

النقل في مدينة كيبك
بنية تحتية للنقل اكتملت في 1915
تأسيسات سنة 1915 في كيبك
كيبك القديمة
مبان ومنشآت في مدينة كيبك
محطات الحافلات في كيبك
محطات السكك الحديدية افتتحت في 1915
محطات السكك الحديدية في كندا افتتحت في 1915
مدينة كيبك

محطة القصر (كيبك)


أُبِن تَيِبْ  هو نظام للخطوط الذكية طورته ميكروسوفت ثم انضمت إليها أدوبي، أُعلن عنه أول مرة في 1996 وبدأ إطلاق خطوط أُبِن‌تَيِبْ بأعداد معتبرة في 2000-2001. أتمت أدوبي تحويل كل مكتبتها من الخطوط في 2002. في 2007 أصبح أُبِن تَيِبْ معيارًا قياسيًا للمنظمة الدولية للمعايير تحت الاسم "Open Font Format".

التاريخ

طورت ميكروسوفت وأدوبي أُبِن تَيِبْ ليخلف كلا من نسقي الخطوط تروتيب (TrueType) –الذي طورته أبل ورخصته منها ميكروسوفت– وتيب1 (Type 1) الذي طورته أدوبي.

حاولت ميكروسوفت ترخيص تقنية أبل الطباعية المتقدمة "GX Typography" في بداية التسعينيات وعندما رُفِض ذلك طورت تقنيتها الخاصة وأسمتها "TrueType Open" في 1994. في 1996 انضمت أدوبي إلى ميكروسوفت مضيفة دعم خطوط Type 1 واستخدم الاسم OpenType للتقنية الجديدة.

واصلت أدوبي وميكروسوفت تطوير وتنقيح أُبِن تَيِبْ خلال العقد التالي، وفي 2005 بدأت عملية جعل أُبِن تَيِبْ معيارا مفتوحا تحت مظلة المنظمة الدولية للمعايير (ISO)، تحت مجموعة MPEG والتي اعتمدت أُبِن تَيِبْ سابقا بالإشارة إليه. المعيار الجديد هو نفسه أُبِن تَيِبْ 1.4 مع اللغة المناسبة لمنظمة المعايير وتحت الاسم "Open Font Format". اكتمل التبني الأولي للمعيار الجديد في مارس 2007 ليصبح المعيار ISO/IEC 14496-22.

الوصف

يستخدم أُبِن‌تَيِبْ تركيب "sfnt" العام لخطوط TrueType لكن يضيف العديد من خيارات الخطوط الذكية التي تحسن من إمكانات الخط الطباعية ودعم اللغات المختلفة. بيانات أشكال الحروف في أُبِن تَيِبْ يمكن أن تكون بنسقين مختلفين: نسق TrueType في جدول 'glyf' أو نسق الخطوط المضغوطة (CFF) في جدول 'CFF'. بيانات أشكال CFF مبنية على لغة بوست سكربت المستخدمة في خطوط Type 2.

مراجع

أدوبي
أنساق ملفات الحاسوب
استحداثات عام 1996
صف الحروف
طباعة رقمية

أبن تيب


Lago salado de Limasol (también conocido como Lago salado de Akrotiri; en griego: Αλυκή Λεμεσού) es el cuerpo de agua interior más grande en la isla de Chipre.

Se encuentra al sureste de la gran ciudad de Limasol y mide 10,65 km². Su punto más bajo está a 2,7 metros por debajo del nivel del mar y en su punto más profundo alcanza una profundidad en el agua de aproximadamente un metro. Los geólogos tienen la hipótesis de que el lago se formó con la gradual unión de un islote frente a la costa sur de Chipre.

El lago en sí es considerado como uno de los humedales más importantes de la región oriental del Mediterráneo.

Véase también
 Geografía de Chipre
 Geografía de Europa

Referencias

Lagos de Chipre

Lago salado de Limasol


Charles Peete Rose Jr. (born January 5, 1942) is an American former television journalist and talk show host. From 1991 to 2017, he was the host and executive producer of the talk show Charlie Rose on PBS and Bloomberg LP.

Rose also co-anchored CBS This Morning from 2012 to 2017 alongside Gayle King and Norah O'Donnell. Rose formerly substituted for the anchor of the CBS Evening News. Rose, along with Lara Logan, hosted the revived CBS classic Person to Person, a news program during which celebrities are interviewed in their homes, originally hosted from 1953 to 1961 by Edward R. Murrow.

In November 2017, Rose was fired from PBS after The Washington Post published multiple in-house allegations of sexual harassment from the late 1990s to 2011. His employment at CBS was also terminated, and his eponymous show, Charlie Rose, which used to air on PBS and Bloomberg, was cancelled.

Childhood
Rose was born in Henderson, North Carolina, the only child of Margaret (née Frazier) and Charles Peete Rose Sr., tobacco farmers who owned a country store. As a child, Rose lived above his parents' store in Henderson, and helped out with the family business from age seven. Rose said in a Fresh Dialogues interview that as a child, his insatiable curiosity was constantly getting him in trouble.

Education
A high school basketball star at Henderson High School, in his hometown, Rose entered Duke University, intending to pursue a degree with a pre-med track; however, he became interested in politics during an internship at the office of Democratic North Carolina Senator B. Everett Jordan. He graduated in 1964 with a B.A. in History. At Duke, he was a member of the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity. He earned a J.D. from the Duke University School of Law in 1968. He met his first wife, Mary (King), while attending Duke.

Career

After his wife was hired by the BBC (in New York), Rose handled some assignments for the BBC on a freelance basis. In 1972, while working at New York bank Bankers Trust, he landed a job as a weekend reporter for WPIX-TV. Rose's "break" came in 1974, after Bill Moyers hired him as managing editor for the PBS series Bill Moyers' International Report. In 1975, Moyers appointed him as executive producer of Bill Moyers Journal. Rose soon began appearing on camera. "A Conversation with Jimmy Carter", which aired on Moyers's TV series U.S.A.: People and Politics, won a 1976 Peabody Award. He then worked at several networks honing his interview skills, until NBC affiliate KXAS-TV in Dallas–Fort Worth hired him as program manager and provided the late-night time slot that became The Charlie Rose Show.

CBS News
Rose worked for CBS News from 1984 to 1990 as the anchor of CBS News Nightwatch, the network's first late-night news broadcast, which often featured him doing interviews with notable people in a format similar to that of his later PBS show. The Nightwatch broadcast of Rose's interview with Charles Manson won a News & Documentary Emmy Award in 1987. In 1990, Rose left CBS to serve as anchor of Personalities, a Fox TV-produced syndicated program, but six weeks into production and unhappy with the show's soundbite-driven populist tabloid-journalism approach to stories, he left.

Charlie Rose

On September 30, 1991, Charlie Rose premiered on PBS station Thirteen/WNET and was nationally fed on PBS beginning in January 1993. In 1994, Rose moved the show to a studio owned by Bloomberg LP, which allowed for high-definition video via satellite-remote interviews. On the show, he interviewed thinkers, writers, politicians, athletes, entertainers, businesspersons, leaders, scientists, and fellow newsmakers. The show was known for its distinguished stature and intellectual tone. Barack Obama made 11 appearances on the show as a senator, presidential candidate, and as president. Other former presidents who appeared on the program include Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush. Donald Trump appeared on the program as a citizen but not as president.

Various filmmakers appeared on the show including Martin Scorsese, Werner Herzog, Sydney Pollack, Quentin Tarantino, Brian de Palma, Oliver Stone, Roman Polanski, Tim Burton, Sidney Lumet, Terry Gilliam, David Lynch, Guillermo del Toro, Peter Jackson, Wes Anderson, Ron Howard, George Lucas, Peter Bogdanovich, Mike Nichols, Sofia Coppola, Spike Lee, and Noah Baumbach. Comedians also have appeared on the show including George Carlin, Louis C.K., Jerry Seinfeld, Chris Rock, Joan Rivers, Jon Stewart, Aziz Ansari, Bill Murray, Steve Martin, Robin Williams, Bill Maher, Ricky Gervais, John Oliver and Key & Peele. Rose also hosted a variety of film critics including Roger Ebert, Janet Maslin, Stanley Kauffmann, Richard Corliss, Richard Schickel, David Denby, Andrew Sarris, and A. O. Scott.

Guest hosts included A. O. Scott, Judd Apatow, Seth Meyers, Anthony Mason, Jon Meacham, Katie Couric, and Molly Haskell. The show ran a total of 26 years from 1991 to 2017.

60 Minutes
Rose was a correspondent for 60 Minutes II from its inception in January 1999 until its cancellation in September 2005, and was named a correspondent on 60 Minutes in 2008. When asked what makes a good interviewer Rose responded, "[it] is somebody who wants to engage and who views it as an opportunity to express their ideas, to have their ideas tested, to listen to the questions and to be as responsive to the questions as they can. Someone who is spontaneous, authentic, engaged and passionate. That's the kind of person that'll give you a good interview."

For 60 Minutes Rose has interviewed such people as Russian President Vladimir Putin, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, Apple Inc. business executive Tim Cook, political strategist Steve Bannon, comedian Larry David, stage actor Lin-Manuel Miranda, and actor Sean Penn.

He was a member of the board of directors of Citadel Broadcasting Corporation from 2003 to 2009. In May 2010, he delivered the commencement address at North Carolina State University.

CBS This Morning
On November 15, 2011, it was announced that Rose would return to CBS to help anchor CBS This Morning, replacing The Early Show, commencing January 9, 2012, along with co-anchors Gayle King and Erica Hill. In July 2012, Norah O'Donnell replaced Hill on the program. The show received high ratings due to their chemistry.

Rose has interviewed many celebrities, institutional leaders, and political figures, including Donald Trump (1992); Bill Gates (1996); Steve Jobs (1996); Sean Penn (2008 & 2016); Syrian President Bashar al-Assad (2013), for which he won a second Peabody Award; U.S. President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle (2012); U.S. business magnate Warren Buffett; David Rockefeller; MIT Linguistics professor Noam Chomsky (2003); actor/producer Leonardo DiCaprio (2004); comedians Louis C.K. and George Carlin; actor Christoph Waltz; director Quentin Tarantino; actor Bradley Cooper; Larry Ellison, the co-founder and then CEO of Oracle Corporation; former Iranian empress Farah Pahlavi; Vladimir Putin (2015); and tennis champion Maria Sharapova.

Charlie Rose Conversations
On April 14, 2022, Rose released an interview with billionaire Warren Buffett, in his first public appearance since 2017 when he was accused by multiple women of sexual harassment. The interview was uploaded to his own personal website and it is listed as the first in a series called Charlie Rose Conversations. Subsequent episodes have included interviews with Ray Dalio, Fatima Gailani, Isabella Rossellini, David Petraeus and others.

Filmography

Film

Television

Rose and his show were parodied in the Wes Anderson film The Royal Tenenbaums (2001) and in the first episode of BoJack Horseman in 2014.

Influence
In 2009, Rose encouraged a discussion between the leaders of NBC and Fox News that eventually led to a mutual reduction in ad hominem attacks between Keith Olbermann and Bill O'Reilly on their respective news programs.

Awards and honors
Rose was awarded the 2014 Vincent Scully Prize by the National Building Museum. The prize is awarded for "exemplary practice, scholarship or criticism in architecture, historic preservation and urban design" according to the Museum.

The award to Rose was stated as being due to his having "interviewed leaders of architecture and design and led 'insightful and substantive conversations' about the growth of cities and urban development." Amanda Burden, a former director of the New York City Department of City Planning, who was in a relationship with him from 1993 to 2006, spoke at the award ceremony in November 2014. The Museum has made no public announcement on whether the prize has been withdrawn from Rose, but his name no longer appears on the list of winners on the organisation's website.

In 2016, Duke University awarded him an honorary degree. On May 8, 2016, he received an honorary degree from Sewanee: The University of the South. There were, however, calls for Sewanee officials to strip Rose of the degree, and, as of March 21, 2018, all honors from Sewanee have been rescinded. He received an honorary doctorate from the State University of New York at Oswego on October 16, 2014, during the college's annual Lewis B. O'Donnell Media Summit, for his contributions in the broadcast, media, and television industries. In the aftermath of the sexual misconduct accusations, the State University of New York at Oswego Board of Trustees voted to revoke his honorary degree on January 23, 2018.

On November 21, 2017, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rockville Centre rescinded a planned award to Rose. The Diocese was set to honor him as a "leader in broadcast media". Three days later, the Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Journalism given to him in 2015 was rescinded by the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication. On the same day, officials at University of Kansas's School of Journalism and Mass Communications rescinded the National Citation Award it gave to Rose in 2017.

On December 4, 2017, officials at Duke University's DeWitt Wallace Center for Media & Democracy rescinded the Futrell Award it gave him in September 2000. The award is given to outstanding Duke graduates who work in journalism.

Montclair State University officials are considering whether to revoke the honorary doctorate it gave to him in 2002.

Officials at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Hussman School of Journalism and Media considered the fate of Rose's 1999 induction into the N.C. Journalism Hall of Fame. School officials ultimately decided to keep him in the Hall of Fame, while amending his Hall of Fame biography to include details of the sexual harassment scandal.

Personal life
Rose was married to Mary Rose from 1968 until their divorce in 1980. In 1992, he began dating socialite and former New York City Planning Commissioner Amanda Burden, a stepdaughter of CBS founder William S. Paley. In 2011, he told a Financial Times reporter that he and Burden had stopped dating in about 2006.

On March 29, 2006, after experiencing shortness of breath in Syria, he was flown to Paris and underwent surgery for mitral valve repair in the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital. His surgery was performed under the supervision of Alain Carpentier, a pioneer of the procedure. Rose returned to the air on June 12, 2006, with Bill Moyers and Yvette Vega (the show's executive producer), to discuss his surgery and recuperation. In February 2017, he announced he would undergo another surgery to replace the same valve.

Rose owns a large house in Henderson, North Carolina, a 5,500-square-foot (465-square-meter) beach home in Bellport, New York, and an apartment in The Sherry-Netherland of New York City, each worth several million dollars. Rose also owns apartments in Washington, D.C., and Paris. In 1990, he purchased a 525-acre (212-ha) soybean farm near Oxford, North Carolina, for use as a country retreat. He named the property Grassy Creek Farm.

Rose is a member of the Deepdale Golf Club on Long Island and the Council on Foreign Relations.

Sexual misconduct allegations

On November 20, 2017, eight women who were employees of, or aspired to work for, Rose, accused him of various acts of sexual misconduct including harassment, groping, and making lewd phone calls. The accusations, which were made in a report in The Washington Post, dealt with conduct from the late 1990s to 2011. On the day the article on the women's statements was published, PBS and Bloomberg LP suspended distribution of his show, and CBS announced that it was suspending the broadcaster pending an investigation. CBS, PBS, and Bloomberg terminated their contracts with him the following day. Rose issued a statement:

Rose's firing as a co-anchor on CBS This Morning was covered by CBS, the day after the report was published. His former co-hosts Gayle King and Norah O'Donnell confronted the matter live on air. King stated that she was still "reeling" and "really struggling". O'Donnell stated "there is no excuse for this alleged behavior" and both agreed he "does not get a pass here" for his behavior.

In May 2018, 27 more women came forward and accused him of sexual harassment, including groping and suggestive comments. This brought the total number of women who have accused him of abusive behavior and sexual harassment to 35. Rose was sued for verbal harassment by Gina Riggi, his former makeup artist of 20 years. On August 31, 2018, he filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit on its standing, suggesting women are exploiting the #MeToo campaign. John Dickerson, former host of Face the Nation, replaced Rose as a co-anchor on CBS This Morning, and Christiane Amanpour took over for his roles on PBS. In 2018, an exposé published by The Hollywood Reporter described his life after being fired as one that is "lonely". In 2019, Gayle King stated that she keeps in contact and is still friends with him: "I don't know what his second act is, but Charlie is a very smart guy. There must be room for redemption."

See also
 New Yorkers in journalism

References

External links

 Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at the Los Angeles Times

 CBS News: Charlie Rose delivers Sewanee commencement speech and receives honorary University of the South degree

1942 births
20th-century American journalists
21st-century American journalists
60 Minutes correspondents
American male journalists
American people of English descent
American people of Scottish descent
American television talk show hosts
CBS News people
Duke University Trinity College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Journalists from New York City
Journalists from North Carolina
Late night television talk show hosts
Living people
New York (state) Democrats
New York (state) television reporters
New York University alumni
North Carolina Democrats
PBS people
People from Henderson, North Carolina
People stripped of honorary degrees
Duke University School of Law alumni

Charlie Rose


En análisis numérico, Dormand-Prince es un método para la resolución de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias. Pertenece a la familia de métodos Runge-Kutta. Evalúa seis veces la función para calcular las soluciones de cuarto y quinto orden. La diferencia entre esas soluciones se tome como error de la solución (de cuarto orden). Esta estimación de error  resulta conveniente para los algoritmos de integración adaptativos. Otros métodos de integración similares son el método de Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) y el método Cash-Karp (RKCK).

El método Dormand–Prince tiene siete etapas, pero solo usa seis evaluaciones de función por paso porque tiene la propiedad "primero igual que el último" (en inglés, First Same As Last - FSAL): la último etapa de un paso se evalúa en el mismo punto que el primero del paso siguiente. Dormand y Prince escogieron los coeficientes de su método para minimizar el error de la solución de quinto orden. Esta es la principal diferencia con el método de Fehlberg, que se construyó de modo que la solución de cuarto orden tenga un error pequeño. Por esa razón, el método de Dormand–Prince es más adecuado cuando la solución de orden superior se usa para continuar la integración, una práctica conocida como interpolación local. (Hairer, Nørsett & Wanner 1993)..

Dormand–Prince es el método principal de resolución de EDOs (ode45) de MATLAB y de GNU Octave.

La matriz de Butcher del método es:

La primera línea de coeficientes b proporciona la solución de quinto orden y la segunda línea la de cuarto orden.

Notas

Referencias
 Implementación en software libre en GNU Octave: https://web.archive.org/web/20081007102422/http://octave.sourceforge.net/doc/f/ode45.html
 Dormand J, Prince P. A family of embedded Runge–Kutta formulae. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Volume 6, pages 19–26 (1980)
 Hairer, Ernst; Nørsett, Syvert Paul & Wanner, Gerhard (1993), Solving ordinary differential equations I: Nonstiff problems, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-3-540-56670-0

Enlaces externos

Ecuaciones diferenciales numéricas

Método de Dormand-Prince


එස්. ඩබ්. ආර්. ඩී. බණ්ඩාරනායක කැබිනට් මණ්ඩලය යනු,  1956 සිට 1959 දක්වා අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය එස්. ඩබ්. ආර්. ඩී. බණ්ඩාරනායක  විසින් නායකත්වය සැපයුනු ලංකාවෙහි මධ්‍යම රජය විය. 1956 අප්‍රේල් මාසයෙහිදී පැවති පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙන් පසුව පිහිටුවුනු එය විසුරුවා හරින ලද්දේ 1959 සැප්තැම්බර මාසයෙහිදී සිදුවූ බණ්ඩාරනායක මහතාගේ ඝාතනය හා සමගිනි.

කැබිනට් අමාත්‍යවරු

පාර්ලිමේන්තු ලේකම්වරු

සටහන්

ආශ්‍රිත

1956 වසරෙහිදී ලංකාවෙහි සිදුවූ සංස්ථාපිතයන්
1959 වසරෙහිදී ලංකාවෙහි සිදුවූ විසංස්ථාපිතයන්
 1959 වසරෙහිදී විසංස්ථාපනය කෙරුණු කැබිනට් මණ්ඩල
 1956 වසරෙහිදී සංස්ථාපනය කෙරුණු කැබිනට් මණ්ඩල
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙහි කැබිනට් මණ්ඩලය
දෙවන එලිසබෙත් රැජිණගේ අමාත්‍ය මණ්ඩල


Navlesvin er en biologisk familie af parrettåede hovdyr, som hører naturligt hjemme i den nye verden fra den sydvestlige del af Nordamerika over Mellemamerika til Sydamerika. Navlesvin er normalt mellem 90 og 130 cm lange, og fuldt udvoksede individer vejer mellem 20 og 40 kg. De kan i lighed med svinene fra den gamle verden opdrættes på gårde og derved lokale fødevarer.

De ældste svinefossiler kan dateres tilbage til oligocæn-perioden i Asien, og deres efterkommere ankom til Europa i løbet af miocæn. Der er fundet adskillige forskellige fossile svinearter, der har levet af en stor varietet af føde fra rene planteædere til ådselædere.

Nordamerikas fauna
Sydamerikas fauna
Mellemamerikas fauna

Navlesvin


The Long Sword dance is a hilt-and-point sword dance recorded mainly in Yorkshire, England. The dances are usually performed around Christmas time and were believed to derive from a rite performed to enable a fruitful harvest.

Long Sword or Longsword?
The Morris Ring refer to the dance tradition as 'longsword'  as do EFDSS. However the Goathland Plough Stots website states that "The Goathland Plough Stots is one of Yorkshires traditional long sword teams, if not the oldest still dancing their own dance as performed as far back as the early 19th century".

History
The Long Sword dance is related to the rapper sword dance of Northumbria, but the character is fundamentally different as it uses rigid metal or wooden swords, rather than the flexible spring steel rappers used by its northern relation.

Cecil Sharp and other 20th Century folklorists believed that the dances originated from a religious or magical ceremony that was performed around Plough Monday to promote fertile soil; later researchers have cast doubt on such findings. They were banned under Oliver Cromwell, but revived when the monarchy was restored under Charles II.

Location
Long Sword dances are most commonly found in Yorkshire, with particular concentrations of dances in East Cleveland, the northern part of the North York Moors and around Sheffield. Outliers were also recorded in other parts of northern and eastern England, including Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Lancashire, Northumberland and County Durham (particularly Teesdale).

Style

Long Sword dances vary in the way they are performed, with some being slow and militaristic, such as the Grenoside or performed with pace and speed like Handsworth dances from near Sheffield. Others have different features including variations of numbers of dancers and distinctive movements.

Performances
Unlike many traditional dances in England, which are mainly performed by revival teams, Long Sword dances are often still performed by their own village teams, such as Grenoside Sword Dancers, the Goathland Plough Stots and Flamborough Sword Dancers. These teams generally maintain the traditions of their dances, such as traditional performances on Boxing Day or Plough Monday.

In addition to performances by traditional longsword teams in their own location longsword teams also appear at folk festivals such as the Sidmouth Folk Festival and the Beverley Folk Festival.

Dedicated longsword festivals have also been held in the UK. The International Sword Spectacular took place in Whitby, England, in May 2004 and was held again in York in May 2008.

Gallery
Some photographs of Grenoside Sword Dancers performing the Grenoside Sword dance on Boxing Day, the traditional day the dance is performed.

References

Sources

External links
 International Sword Spectacular 2004
 World Millennium Sword Spectacular
 The Sword Dance Union
 Grenoside Sword Dancers
 Newcastle Kingsmen
 Spen Valley Longsword
 Bishop Gundulf's Morris
 Lingdale Primrose – archive photos, press cuttings and other material
 Star Of Swords Sword Dance

Morris dance
English folk dance

Long Sword dance


CentOS, Red Hat firmasının dağıtımı olan Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) kaynak kodları üzerine kurulu (ve bu dağıtım ile uyumlu) ve artık geliştirilmeyen, dağıtımı durdurulan bir Linux dağıtımıdır. Bağımsız bir grup tarafından geliştirilen işletim sisteminin isminin açılımı "Community Enterprise Operating System"dır. Ocak 7, 2014 tarihli bir bildiri ile CentOS geliştirici lideri Karanbir Singh, CentOS'un RedHat ekibine dahil olduğunu bildirmiştir.

Donanım gereksinimleri
CentOS'un sistem gereksinimleri Red Hat Enterprise Linux ile hemen hemen aynıdır:

 Intel x86 uyumlu (32 bit)
 Intel Itanium (64 bit)
 Advanced Micro Devices AMD64 ve Intel EM64T (64 bit)
 PowerPC/32 (Apple)
 IBM Mainframe (IBM eServer p5 zSeries ve S/390)

Sürümler

5.x ve 6.x sürümleri için aynı zamanda güncellemeler yayınlanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 CentOS Ana sayfası
 Distrowatch.com sitesinin CentOS içeriği

Linux
Linux dağıtımları

CentOS


The Symphony No. 10 in E minor, Op. 93, by Dmitri Shostakovich was premiered by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra under Yevgeny Mravinsky on 17 December 1953. It is not clear when it was written. According to the composer, the symphony was composed between July and October 1953, but Tatiana Nikolayeva stated that it was completed in 1951. Sketches for some of the material date from 1946.

Instrumentation
The symphony is scored for three flutes (first flute with B foot extension, second and third flutes doubling piccolo), three oboes (third doubling cor anglais), three clarinets (third doubling E-flat clarinet), three bassoons (third doubling contrabassoon), four horns, three trumpets, three trombones, tuba, timpani, bass drum, snare drum, triangle, cymbals, tambourine, tam-tam, xylophone, and strings.

Composition

The symphony has four movements and a duration of approximately 50-60 minutes:

I. Moderato
The first and longest movement is a slow movement in rough sonata form. As in his Fifth Symphony, Shostakovich quotes from one of his settings of Pushkin: in the first movement, from the second of his Op. 91: Four Monologues on Verses by Pushkin for bass and piano (1952), entitled "What is in My Name?". This theme of personal identity is picked up again in the third and fourth movements.

II. Allegro
The second movement is a short and loud scherzo with syncopated rhythms and semiquaver (sixteenth note) passages. The book Testimony said:

I did depict Stalin in my next symphony, the Tenth. I wrote it right after Stalin's death and no one has yet guessed what the symphony is about. It's about Stalin and the Stalin years.  The second part, the scherzo, is a musical portrait of Stalin, roughly speaking. Of course, there are many other things in it, but that's the basis.

Shostakovich biographer Laurel Fay wrote, "I have found no corroboration that such a specific program was either intended or perceived at the time of composition and first performance." Musicologist Richard Taruskin called the proposition a "dubious revelation, which no one had previously suspected either in Russia or in the West".  Elizabeth Wilson adds: "The Tenth Symphony is often read as the composer's commentary on the recent Stalinist era. But as so often in Shostakovich's art, the exposition of external events is counter-opposed to the private world of his innermost feelings."

III. Allegretto
The third movement is a moderate dance-like suite of Mahlerian Nachtmusik – or nocturne, which is what Shostakovich called it. It is built around two musical codes: the DSCH theme representing Shostakovich, and the Elmira theme ():

At concert pitch one fifth lower, the notes spell out "E La Mi Re A" in a combination of French and German notation. This motif, called out twelve times on the horn, represents Elmira Nazirova, a student of the composer with whom he fell in love. The motif is of ambiguous tonality, giving it an air of uncertainty or hollowness.

In a letter to Nazirova, Shostakovich himself noted the similarity of the motif to the ape call in the first movement of Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde, a work which he had been listening to around that time: ()

The same notes are used in both motifs, and both are repeatedly played by the horn. In the Chinese poem set by Mahler, the ape is a representation of death, while the Elmira motif itself occurs together with the "funeral knell" of a tam tam.
There is also more than a passing resemblance of this motif to the slow fanfare theme in the finale of Sibelius's Fifth Symphony; similar instrumentation (horns, woodwinds) is used for the Elmira motif here as in the Sibelius work. Over the course of the movement, the DSCH and Elmira themes alternate and gradually draw closer.

IV. Andante
In the fourth and final movement, a slow "Andante" introduction segues abruptly into an "Allegro" wherein the DSCH theme is employed again. The coda effects a transition to E Major and, at in the final measures, several instruments glissando from an E to the next E.

The DSCH-motif is anticipated throughout the first movement of the 10th Symphony: In the 7th bar of the start of the symphony the violins doubled by the violas play a D for 5 bars which is then directly followed by an E; 9 bars before rehearsal mark 29 the violins play the motif in an inverted order D-C-H-S (or D-C-B-E). The first time the motif is heard in its correct order in the whole symphony is in the 3rd movement, right after a short canon on the beginning melody starting from the 3rd beat of the 5th bar after rehearsal mark 104 (Fig. 11) where it is played in unison by the piccolo, the 1st flute and the 1st oboe (compassing a range of three octaves).

Notable recordings

Recordings of this symphony include:

References

External links
 London Shostakovich Orchestra
 Shostakovich's Tenth Symphony: The Azerbaijani Link – Elmira Nazirova, by Aida Huseinova, Azerbaijan International Vol. 11:1 (Spring 2003), pp. 54–59.
 Melodic Signatures in Shostakovich's 10th Symphony, by Aida Huseinova, Azerbaijan International, Vol. 11:1 (Spring 2003), p. 57.
 Shostakovich's muse, by Noam Ben-Zeev, Ha'aretz, 2 April 2007
 Second movement played by Venezuela's Teresa Carreño Youth Orchestra

Symphonies by Dmitri Shostakovich
1953 compositions
Compositions in E minor

Symphony No. 10 (Shostakovich)


Denne artikel beskriver kvalifkationen til EM i håndbold 2018 for kvinder

Kvalifikation 1. fase
Grupperne spillede deres kampe i en turnering fra den 9. til den 11. juni 2017. Vinderne af gruppe A og B gik videre til anden fase.

Lodtrækningen skete den 20. marts 2017.

Alle tider er lokale.

Gruppe A

Gruppe B

Kvalifikation 2. fase
Grupperne spiller deres kampe i et hjemme og ude round-robin format fra 9. – 11. juni 2017. Top-to holdene samt den bedste treer kvalificerer sig til hovedturneringen. Angående tredjeplads holdene ser man bort fra kampen mod fjerdepladsholdet i gruppen.

Lodtrækningen blev afholdt den 21. april 2017.

Seedning

Alle tider er lokale.

Gruppe 1

Gruppe 2

Group 3

Gruppe 4

Gruppe 5

Gruppe 6

Gruppe 7

Bedste treer
Det bedste hold blandt treerne i kvalifikationsrunden kvalificerede sig til slutrunden. Til afgørelse af, hvilket af treerholdene, der var bedste, blev kun resultaterne mod etterne og toerne medregnet, mens resultaterne mod fjerde hold i puljerne ikke talte med. Dermed var det resultaterne af fire kampe, der talte i rangeringen.

Referencer

2018 (kvinder)
Håndbold i 2017
Håndbold i 2018
Kvindehåndbold

Kvalifikation til EM i håndbold 2018 (kvinder)


Benny Gotfred Schmidt født 25. juni 1929 i Horsens, er en dansk tidligere officer og idrætsmand. Han deltog i moderne femkamp  i de olympiske lege i Rom 1960 og var dansk fanebærer under indmarchen ved åbningsceremonien.

Militærkarrieren
I november 1948 påbegyndte Benny Schmidt sin værnepligt ved Den Kongelige Livgarden i Sandholmlejren. Her indledte han en officersuddannelse, som førte til ansættelse som underviser ved Hærens Officersskole på Frederiksberg Slot. Derefter førte den militære karriere ham til Jydske Dragonregiment i Holstebro hvor han forblev kun afbrudt af en fireårig udstationering ved Nato-hovedkvarteret AFNOTH i Oslo. Han afsluttede militærkarrieren som oberstløjtnant ved Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste.

Benny Schmidt blev i 1987 hædret med Ridderkorset af 1. grad. Han bor i dag i Odder.

Idrætskarrieren

Atletik

Benny Schmidt begyndte at dyrke atletik i Horsens fS og opnåede at komme på klubbens hold i den jyske holdkampsturnering. Han fortsatte atletikkarrieren i Østerbro-klubben Sparta, hvor han i 1953 var på det 4 x 100 meter stafethold, som på Østerbro Stadion vandt det danske mesterskab. Holdet bestod af Jørgen Nielsen, Otto Rosenvard, Helmuth Duholm og Benny Schmidt. Året efter blev det til to individuelle
bronzemedaljer på henholdsvis 100 og 200 meter ved DM på Odense Stadion. Efter mesterskaberne blev han udtaget til landsholdet på  4 x 100 meter, som den 21. august 1954 i Bremen mod Vesttyskland satte dansk rekord i tiden 42,1.

Ridning
På et rent militærhold fra Holstebro Rideklub var Benny Schmidt den 15. september 1957 med til at vinde det danske mesterskab i ridebanespringning for klubhold, som fandt sted i Bygholm Park i Horsens.

Moderne femkamp
Det blev dog i moderne femkamp, at Benny Schmidt for alvor nåede fremgang. Han blev dansk mester fire gange i årene 1956-1959. Internationalt blev til en 33. plads  ved VM i Stockholm 1957 og året efter blev til en 14. plads ved VM i Aldershot ved London.
Han blev i 1960 udtaget til de olympiske lege i Rom, efter at han ved udtagelsesstævnet i Stockholm allerede i den første øvelse terrænridningen kom ud for et alvorligt styrt.
Han genemførte hele stævnet og kvalificerede sig på et hængende hår til OL. Ved OL han nåede en 47. plads efter en skuffede i pistolskydning, hvor han skød under vanlig standard.
Efter konkurrencerne udtalte Benny Schmidt til dagbladet BT: "Jeg er ærlig talt skuffet. Skydningen ødelagde hele billedet. Den forbier kostede mig mindst 300 point. Efter et halvt års intens træning havde jeg sat næsen op efter at blive placeret i den bedste halvdel."

Idrætsmeriter

Olympiske Lege
Rom 1960. Moderne femkamp: Samlet nr. 47 - 3810 point. Fordelt på disciplinerne:
 Terrænridning 4,5 km, 32. plads med 994 point.
 Kårdefægtning 22. plads med 747 point.
 Pistolskydning: 49. plads med 174 skivepoints / 580 point.
 Svømning 300 m fri, 56. plads i tiden 5.32,0 / 540 point.
 Terrænløb 4,5 km, 30. plads i tiden 15.17,1 / 949 point.

Verdensmesterskaber

Moderne femkamp
 1957 - 33. plads - 2913 point.
 1958 - 14. plads - 3994 point.

Danske mesterskaber

Atletik

  1953 4 x 100 meter - tid 44,3.
  1954 100 meter - tid 11,3.
  1954 200 meter - tid 22,8.

Moderne femkamp
  1956 - 3596 point.
  1957 - 3826 point.
  1958 - 3927 point.
  1959 - 3574 point.

Ridebanespringning
  1957 - holdmesterskab

Dansk rekord

Atletik
4 x 100 meter 1954 - 42,1 (med landsholdet)

Personlige rekorder

Atletik

 100 meter:
 200 meter:
 400 meter hæk: 55,4 (1955)

Udmærkelser
 Johan Hansens Mindepokal (Holstebroprisen) 1956
 Dansk Militært Idrætsforbunds hædersbevisning Bronzeemblem 2014

Kilder

 "De olympiske - Biografi af danske OL-deltagere 1896-1996", udgivet af DIF/DO
 Horsens leksikon
 DAF
 Horsens_Folkeblad, 7. august 2012

Officerer fra Danmark
Personer fra Horsens
Danskere i 1900-tallet
Moderne femkæmpere fra Danmark
Ryttere fra Danmark
Sprintere fra Danmark
Atleter fra Horsens fS
Atleter fra Sparta Atletik
Riddere af 1. grad af Dannebrog

Benny Schmidt


Volgogradskojereservoiret (, ) er et reservoir i oblasterne Volgograd og Saratov. Reservoiret dannet ved opdæming af Volgafloden i forbindelse med opførelsen af Volga vandkraftværk. Reservoiret er opkaldt efter byen Volgograd. Dæmningen blev bygget i 1958-1961.

Reservoirets areal er 3.117 km², volumen er 31,5 km³, længden er 540 km, den maksimale bredde er 17 km, den gennemsnitlige dybde er 10,1 m. Volgogradskojereservoiret er det tredje største reservoir på Volga, efter Kujbysjevskoje og Rybinsk.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Reservoirer konstrueret i Sovjettiden
Reservoirer på Volga
Etableret i 1961
Vandkraftværker i Rusland
Dæmninger i Rusland
Volgograd oblasts geografi
Saratov oblast

Volgogradskojereservoiret


Kaburga, göğüs kemiği ve omurlarla birleşerek göğüs kafesini yapan, sağ ve solda 12 tane olmak üzere toplam 24 tane olan yassı kemiklerin her biri. Göğsü çevreleyen göğüs kafesinin paralel kemiklerini oluștururlar.

Özet
Kaburgaların başları omurga sistemi ile eklem yapar. Kaburgalar birbirinin altında arada mesafe bırakacak şekilde sıralanırlar. Gövdeleri ise öne doğru kıvrılıp, aşağı eğim yaparlar. Kaburgaların yönleri değişiktir, üsttekiler alttakilerden daha az eğimlidir. Dokuzuncu kaburgada eğim en fazladır, daha sonra azalır. Birden yedinciye kadar uzunlukları artar. On ikiye kadar azalır. Genişlikleri yukarıdan aşağıya gittikçe azalır. İlk iki ve son üç kaburganın yapıları özeldir. Diğerleri tipik kaburgalar olarak adlandırılır. Üstteki 7 çift, göğsün önünde kıkırdakla eklem yaparak göğüs kemiğine bağlanır (gerçek kaburgalar). 8, 9 ve 10. çiftler yalancı kaburgalar diye adlandırılır, 7. kaburganın kıkırdağı ile birleşirler. 11 ve 12. çiftler (yüzen kaburgalar) serbest olarak sallanırlar, göğüs kemiği ile bağlantı yapmazlar. Birinci çiftin haricinde cilt altından kaburgaların dış yüzleri hissedilebilir. Birinci çifti köprücük kemiği örter. Alt iç yüzlerindeki olukta bir sinir bulunur. Temiz kan damarı ve kirli kan damarı taşınır.

Kaburganın görevleri
Akciğerleri, kalbi ve karaciğeri mekanik olarak korumak ve destek sağlamak, soluk alıp vermede diyaframa yardımcı olmaktır. Ayrıca kaburgalar, omuz ve karın kasları için geniş bir taban meydana getirirler.

Soluk alırken kaburgalar yukarı kalkar. Bu hareket diyaframın hareketi ile birlikte göğüs boşluğunun genişlemesine ve böylece akciğerlerin içine burundan hava dolmasına sebep olur. Göğsün genişlemesi; beyin sapındaki soluk alma merkezinin sinir yolları vasıtasıyla kaburga kaslarına sinyal yollaması sonucu gerçekleşir. Bu kasların kasılması ile kaburgalar arasındaki mesafe azalır. Soluk almadan sonra diğer kaburga kasları kaburgaları tekrar bir araya çeker ve göğüs kafesini daraltıp soluk vermeyi sağlar.

Kaburga kemiklerinin ilikleri, vücudun kan yapma sisteminin önemli bir kısmını meydana getirir. Bu yüzden kaburga iliği, uzun kemik iliklerinin aksine kırmızıdır, sarı yağ dokusu azdır.

Hastalıkları
Kemiğin raşitizm, osteoporoz gibi sistemik hastalıkları, kaburgaları etkileyebilir. Göğüs kafesinin esnekliği yaşlılarda görülen müzmin bir akciğer hastalığı olan amfizem'de azalır. Bu hastalıkta kaburgalar öne doğru ilerler ve yuvarlak, sabit bir fıçı göğsü meydana gelir. Göğüs ve karın cerrahisinde iç organlara daha rahat müdahale sağlamak için birkaç kaburganın bazı parçaları çıkarılabilir.

Kaburgalar kırılmaya nispeten dayanıklıdır. Çünkü eğitimi sayesinde darbelere karşı koyabilir. Kırıklarının tedavisinde, yatak istirahati ve kaburgayı tespit edici bandajlar kullanılır. Nadiren boyun veya karın bölgesinde fazla kaburga bulunabilir. Boyundaki bir fazla kaburga, kolun kan dolaşımını, sinir iletimini bozabilir.

Memelilerde kaburga sayısı genellikle karını da koruyacak şekilde 12'den fazladır. Yılanlar kaburgalarını sürünmek için kullanırlar.

Kaynakça
 Rehber Ansiklopedisi

İskelet sistemi
Moğolcadan Türkçeye geçen sözcükler

Kaburga