Leslie Dennis Heseltine (born 12 October 1953) is an English television presenter, actor and comedian. He presented Family Fortunes from 1987 until 2002.

Early life
Dennis was born Leslie Dennis Heseltine on 12 October 1953 in the Liverpool suburb of Garston. His mother worked in a factory while his father, who worked in a betting shop after serving in the Royal Navy during the Second World War, was listed as a football player on the books of Liverpool FC but did not play for the first team. He lived in the suburb of Speke for a while and attended the Stockton Wood and Joseph Williams primary schools, before going to Morrison Rose Lane Secondary Modern school in Allerton. From 1967 he went to Quarry Bank Comprehensive. Dennis left there in June 1972 with an A-level in Art and failed History and English Literature. He had a weekend job in the men's clothing store Burton whilst still at school, and started as a stand-up comedian in working men's clubs.

Career

Early work and Family Fortunes
As a comedian, Dennis performed in social clubs all around the northwest of England. He was given his earliest opportunities in his home city of Liverpool; in his autobiography, he later credited husband-and-wife theatrical agents Stuart and Dorene Gillespie (who had themselves been a successful variety act) with discovering him. His debut radio broadcast was in 1971 on Stuart's BBC Radio Merseyside series Variety Time (the programmes were taped in front of a live audience in Merseyside clubs). In 1974, he won the ITV talent show New Faces and appeared on numerous light entertainment shows. It's a common myth that he almost became the first contestant ever to score the maximum 120 points on New Faces, but had to settle for 119 when Tony Hatch gave him 9 out of 10 in his final mark, drawing derision from the rest of a judges' panel that included fellow Liverpool comedian Arthur Askey. He actually scored 39 for Presentation, 36 for Content and 36 for Star Quality, meaning he only scored 111 with the score of 9 out of 10 leaving him one mark short of a maximum in just the Presentation category.

In 1982, Dennis joined as one of the teams on Russ Abbot's Madhouse and The Russ Abbot Show before forming a comedy partnership with fellow impressionist Dustin Gee, which in turn led to a series of their own, The Laughter Show. Following Gee's sudden and unexpected death in January 1986, Dennis carried on The Laughter Show as a solo performer and became the third host of Family Fortunes for a 15-year run between 1987 and 2002.  It was at a recording of an episode of Family Fortunes in 1997 that Dennis was surprised by the BBC programme 'This Is Your Life'.

When a contestant on Family Fortunes gave a particularly silly answer to a survey question, Dennis would sometimes say, "If it's [the answer] up there, I'll give you the money myself!" His Liverpudlian accent famously led him to pronounce "myself" as "meself", which soon made the sentence his catchphrase. This backfired on an episode where a contestant was asked to "name a way of toasting someone" and the contestant answered "over fire", which matched with "grill" for £12; according to an anonymous source, Dennis made good on his promise and provided the prize money himself."

Theatre
Dennis' stage work includes Amos Hart in Chicago and Bill Snibson in Me and My Girl in the West End. He has starred in Skylight at the Water Mill Theatre in Newbury, Mr Wonderful at the Gateway Theatre in Chester, and Misery at the Coliseum Theatre in Oldham. He also appeared in Just Between Ourselves and co-starred alongside Janet Suzman in Cherished Disappointments in Love at London's Soho Theatre. He co-starred with Christopher Cazenove and John Duttine in a national tour of 'Art' and as Norman Bartholomew in Anthony Shaffer's dark comedy Murderer at London's Menier Chocolate Factory. He later starred in a hit season of Neville's Island at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre.

Dennis appeared as Mr. Fulton in High School Musical 2 on a UK tour from August 2009 to February 2010. He toured in Hairspray as Wilbur Turnblad alongside Michael Ball, Brian Conley and Michael Starke – who alternated the role of Edna Turnblad. He starred in the touring production of Legally Blonde The Musical in 2012, playing the role of Professor Callahan.

In 2017, Dennis played the role of Uncle Fester on the UK tour of the musical production of The Addams Family. The production starred Samantha Womack and Carrie Hope Fletcher.

In 2019, Dennis performed with the Royal Shakespeare Company in Restoration plays The Provoked Wife and Venice Preserved.

In 2021, Dennis made a return to theatre when he played the role of Wilbur Turnblad in the 2021 revival of Hairspray at the London Coliseum.

In November and December 2021, Dennis performed as Sir Joseph in the English National Opera Performance of HMS Pinafore at the London Coliseum.

Early film and TV
Dennis' film debut was in the 1996 film Intimate Relations. He also appeared in the comedy film Large and Wildlife, a short film directed by Nick Allsop. He had previously made appearances on two episodes of Bang Bang, It's Reeves and Mortimer in The "Club" sketch, where he played himself. When he took part in a video-only special of Shooting Stars in 1993, Vic Reeves when introducing him pronounced his name as though it were French, saying "Les Dennis, the French fire engine".

Dennis has appeared in an episode of The Bill in 2006 as Mr Tom Walker, Brookside (as Jeff Evans; 2001) and episodes of Merseybeat, Family Affairs, Casualty, the short-lived revival of Crossroads, and Hotel Babylon.

Celebrity Big Brother
Dennis appeared in the second series of the UK Celebrity Big Brother during the period when his marriage to Amanda Holden was breaking down again – he described his time in the BB House as "not one of his wisest moves", although he went on to finish as runner-up to Mark Owen.

Extras
On 11 August 2005, Dennis appeared as a guest star in an episode of the first series of BBC sitcom Extras, written by and starring Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant. In this appearance, Dennis portrayed a fictional version of himself, alongside Gerard Kelly, who played a camp theatre director, the recurring character Bunny. Dennis would go on to say that "you could say Extras changed my life."

2006–2007
In early 2006, Dennis presented and performed in BBC One's The Sound of Musicals and guested in New Street Law on BBC One.

In summer 2006, he played scriptwriter Nick Chase in a new comedy play called Marlon Brando's Corset, which toured the UK from July 2006, including a month-long run at the Edinburgh Fringe.

He appeared as a guest in August 2006 in the ITV drama series The Bill, starring as a man suspected of murdering his father. Dennis appeared alongside fellow former Russ Abbot performer Lisa Maxwell, who played DI Samantha Nixon in the series.

At the 2006 Edinburgh International Television Festival, it was announced Dennis would make a return to the gameshow genre, presenting a new big-money quiz show titled In the Grid for Channel 5. The show debuted on 30 October 2006 and aired for one series. From April 2007, he also hosted UKTV Gold's TV Now and Then quiz show. The same month he guest-starred on BBC One's Holby City.

He appeared on The Friday Night Project as a panellist on "Who knows the most about the guest host?" when Rupert Everett guest hosted. In theatre Dennis guest-starred as narrator in Side by Side by Sondheim at The Venue, London.

As one of the team, he completed running the Safaricom Marathon in Lewa to raise funds for the BBC Wildlife Fund, screened on BBC One's Saving Planet Earth in July 2007.

In August 2007, he starred in the hit play Certified Male—about the highs and lows of modern manhood—at the Edinburgh Festival. He then toured in The Servant of Two Masters, directed by Michael Bogdanov and at Christmas he returned to pantomime after a ten-year break, co-starring in Cinderella with Hollywood veteran Mickey Rooney at the Empire Theatre, Sunderland, produced by First Family Entertainment.

2008–2012

Dennis's autobiography, Must The Show Go On?, was published by Orion in early 2008.

In April 2008, Dennis toured in Eurobeat Almost Eurovision prior to a West End season in the show. Also in 2008, he narrated Les Dennis's Home Video Heroes, a home video clip show broadcast on Challenge, and appeared in the ITV documentary Les Dennis' Liverpool, which was, coincidentally, broadcast a week after BBC Two ran Alexei Sayle's Liverpool, a three-part documentary on the city.

During Christmas 2008 panto season, Dennis appeared as Buttons in Cinderella at the Empire Theatre, Liverpool. The pantomime also featured Jennifer Ellison as Cinderella, and Cilla Black as the Fairy Godmother. At Christmas 2008, Dennis was featured on the Wombats' Christmas single and video Is This Christmas? in aid of MENCAP.

In 2009, Dennis played Herbert Soppitt in J. B. Priestley's When We Are Married at the West Yorkshire Playhouse in Leeds, and the Playhouse in Liverpool. At Christmas 2009, he returned to the Liverpool Empire to appear in Peter Pan with Fonz actor Henry Winkler and again in 2010 to play the role of Aladdin's brother, Wishee Washee in Aladdin.

In 2010, Dennis began presenting the children's TV series Fee Fi Fo Yum for CBBC.

From 17 October 2011, Dennis started a week-long stint in Countdowns Dictionary Corner, ending on 21 October.

In 2011 he again worked with Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant, with recurring appearances as a fictionalised version of himself in the Warwick Davis comedy series, Life's Too Short. From August 2012, he performed in the play Jigsy at the Assembly Rooms (Edinburgh) as part of the Edinburgh Fringe Festival.

2013–2014
In 2013 Dennis was reunited with Warwick Davis when the pair joined the cast of the West End production of Monty Python's Spamalot at London's Playhouse Theatre. His next theatrical appearance came in an adaptation of Peter James' novella The Perfect Murder".

In 2013, Dennis was a contestant in Celebrity MasterChef. He finished as runner-up to Ade Edmondson. He has since returned to the show as a guest judge.

In December of that year Dennis appeared in an episode of Midsomer Murders titled "The Christmas Haunting".

2014–2016: Coronation Street
On 23 January 2014, it was announced that Dennis would join the long-running ITV soap opera Coronation Street, playing the part of Michael Rogers (later changed to Michael Rodwell after press release), a petty burglar. He began filming on 27 January 2014, and made his first appearance on TV on 24 March 2014. The show's producer Stuart Blackburn said: "Les is a fantastic performer and a real coup for Corrie. I can't wait for him to join the team".

On 18 November 2016, Dennis's character Michael Rodwell was killed off from Coronation Street, after suffering a heart attack and being left for dead by the show's villain, Michael's love rival Pat Phelan.

2017–present: After Coronation Street
In April 2017, Dennis took the role of Uncle Fester in The Addams Family UK tour.

In 2022, Dennis played a mind-reader in a film called Sideshow, a black comedy in the style of Stanley a Man of Variety or Peter Chelsom's Funny Bones. The film, also starring Anthony Head, April Pearson and Nathan Clarke, received a one-star review from Peter Bradshaw in The Guardian.

From 4 to 15 August, Dennis was the guest host on Countdown due to Colin Murray testing positive for COVID-19.

In October 2022, Dennis starred as Grandad in the Only Fools and Horses Musical at the Theatre Royal Haymarket, London.

In August 2023, Dennis was confirmed to be the final celebrity contestant to participate in the twenty-first series of Strictly Come Dancing. He was the first celebrity to be eliminated.

Personal life
Dennis has a son from his first marriage to Lynne Webster, which lasted from 1974 to 1990. He also had an affair with actress Sophie Aldred, which he documented in his autobiography. He married actress Amanda Holden on 4 June 1995. They had a temporary split in 2000 when Holden's affair with actor Neil Morrissey was exposed in the press, before eventually separating in December 2002 and divorcing in 2003.

Dennis met Claire Nicholson in 2005. They were married on 23 November 2009 in Highgate. The couple have a daughter, born on 24 April 2008, and a son, born on 14 April 2011.

Dennis is a lifelong Liverpool F.C. fan.

Filmography
FilmIntimate Relations (1996)Large (2001)WildlifeTelevisionThe Comedians (1971)New Faces (1974) – Contestant/winnerRuss Abbot's Madhouse (1982)The Russ Abbot Show (1982)The Laughter ShowMerseybeatFamily AffairsCasualtyCrossroads (revival) Family Fortunes (1987–2002) – PresenterWyrd Sisters (1997) – The Fool/TomjonBrookside (2001) – Jeff EvansCelebrity Big Brother (2002) – HimselfEngie Benjy (2002–2004) - Pilot Pete and Astronaut Al (voices)Extras (2005) – Guest Star as himselfIn the Grid (2006) – PresenterThe Sound of Musicals (2006) – Presenter and performerNew Street Law (2006) – Guest starThe Bill (2006) – Guest starHotel Babylon (2006) – Guest appearanceSaving Planet Earth (2007)TV Now and Then (2007) – PresenterHolby City (2007) – Guest starLes Dennis's Home Video Heroes (2008) – NarratorLes Dennis' Liverpool – PresenterFee Fi Fo Yum (2010) Life's Too Short (2011) – Guest appearanceMidsomer Murders (2013) – 1 episode (series 16 episode 1)Celebrity MasterChef (2013) – Contestant Coronation Street (2014–2016) – Michael Rodwell (249 episodes)Pilgrimage: Road to Rome (2019)Harry Hill's Alien Fun Capsule (8 June 2019) – GuestBirds of a Feather (2020) – GraemeRichard Osman's House of Games (2021) – ContestantCountdown (2022) – Guest PresenterDeath In Paradise (2022)Celebrity Antiques Road Trip (2022) – ContestantThe Madame Blanc Mysteries (2023)Strictly Come Dancing'' (2023) – Contestant

References

External links

1953 births
Living people
English male comedians
English male film actors
English male stage actors
English impressionists (entertainers)
English game show hosts
English male television actors
English television presenters
Male actors from Liverpool
Comedians from Liverpool
People educated at Calderstones School
People educated at Quarry Bank High School
People from Garston

Les Dennis


Die Niederlande nahm an den Olympischen Winterspielen 1984 in Sarajevo mit dreizehn Athleten (neun Männer und vier Frauen) teil. Niederländische Sportler gingen im Eisschnelllauf sowie im Zweierbob-Wettkampf an den Start. Flaggenträger bei der Eröffnungsfeier war der Eisschnellläufer Hilbert van der Duim.

Die niederländische Mannschaft konnte 1984 keine Medaille gewinnen. Sie blieb damit erstmals seit den Winterspielen 1956 in Cortina d'Ampezzo ohne zählbaren Erfolg.

Teilnehmer nach Sportarten

Bob
Zweierbob
 Job van Oostrum und John Drost → 16. (3:31,99 min)

Eisschnelllauf

Weblinks

Niederlande
Winterspiele 1984
Wintersport (Königreich der Niederlande)

Olympische Winterspiele 1984/Teilnehmer (Niederlande)


An Agroelymus ungavensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Louis-marie, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Ernest Lepage. An Agroelymus ungavensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Agroelymus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Agroelymus

Agroelymus ungavensis


Der Tag, der ist so freudenreich, BWV 605 (español: Que hermoso está el día) es una pieza de órgano escrita por el músico alemán del barroco Johann Sebastian Bach, en la época que era se desempeñaba como organista en Weimar (1708-1717). Este coral forma parte del Orgelbüchlein (Pequeño libro para órgano) BWV 599-644.

Historia

Como organista en Weimar, Johann Sebastian Bach fue acusado de proporcionar una base armónica para los cantos de coral luterano. Bach escribió muchas de estas armonizaciones, en parte como enseñanza de jóvenes compositores (todavía se utilizan para este fin). Una derivación de esta práctica, se manifiesta en los preludios corales que datan de 1713-1714, en el momento en que conoció los conciertos de Antonio Vivaldi.

Orgelbüchlein, BWV 599-644 contiene preludios corales para iglesia escritos cuando Bach estaba trabajando en Weimar (1708-1717). Alrededor de 1713, Bach comenzó a escribir el Orgelbüchlein, y las primeras parecen ser Her Christ, der ein'ge Gottes-Sohn, BWV 601, In dulci jubilo, BWV 608, Christ ist erstanden, BWV 627, y Heut' triumphieret Gottes Sohn, BWV 630. Estas eran composiciones muy originales, eran corales cortos pero muy expresivos, basados en una melodía coral, con el apoyo del contrapunto refinado, y con la escritura motívico muy condensada.

La tercera parte del Clavier-Übung, publicado en Leipzig en 1739, contiene 21 preludios corales (no todos aparecen en todas las publicaciones), muchos de los cuales son para manuales solamente. Nueve de ellos están destinados para misas, mientras que los otros son para catecismo. Entre los más destacados están Kyrie, Gott heiliger Geist, BWV 671, que consta de cinco voces con la melodía de coral en el pedal. Más complejo es el primero de los dos preludios, Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir, BWV 686, que está en seis partes, incluyendo dos partes de pedal.

Síntesis del coral
Der Tag, der ist so freudenreich, BWV 605 es un coral corto de Navidad, jubiloso y alegre. La melodía del coral se alterna entre las trompetas y el oboe, con la adhesión de las cornetas. La pieza suele estar acompañada de algún instrumento de percusión, si el órgano está dotada de ella.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Der Tag, der ist so freudenreich, BWV 605

Composiciones para órgano de Johann Sebastian Bach
Preludios corales de Johann Sebastian Bach


عبد الستار أبو ريشة واسمه الكامل عبد الستار بزيع افتيخان الريشاوي، شيخ عشيرة عراقي، وقائد عشائري مضاد لتنظيم القاعدة، ولد عام 1972م وتوفي في 13 أيلول 2007، في محافظة الأنبار، غرب العراق.

التجمع الذي أسسه أبو ريشة سمي بثوار الأنبار هم مقاتلون في الأنبار وانقلبوا على قادة تنظيم القاعدة وطردوهم من مدن محافظة الأنبار. اغتيل أبو ريشة في 2007 .

حياته
كان جد أبو ريشة شيخاً عشائرياً في ثورة العشرين، وأبوه قائد في الحرب الإنكليزية العراقية في عام 1941. لا يُعرف سوى القليل عن الحياة أبو ريشة قبل احتلال العراق، لكن من المعروف أنه قضى معظم حياته في الإمارات العربية المتحدة وأنه يدير مكاتب للاستيراد والتصدير في دبي وعمان في الأردن.

رأى الشيخ عبد الستار أنه ليس من مصلحة عشيرته مقاتلة قوات الحكومة العراقية والجيش الأمريكي بوجود كل تلك المليشيات الشيعية والتي تفتك بأهل السنة بالعراق، حيث كان شهرياً يعثر على سبعة آلاف جثة عليها آثار تعذيب مرمية في شوارع بغداد في ذروة الحرب الأهلية العراقية إضافة للحصار والقصف العشوائي على المدنيين في مدن الأنبار، فأقنع شيوخ عشيرته وشيوخ بقية العشائر في الأنبار بالتوقف عن قتال قوات الحكومة العراقية مؤقتاً مقابل انسحاب القوات الأمريكية من المدن والقواعد والنكثات العسكرية وتأسيس شرطة الأنبار المحلية من العشائر السنية لاستلام أماكن القوات الأمريكية قبل انسحابها ومقابل إطلاق سراح المعتقلين من أهالي الأنبار البالغ عددهم نحو 20 ألف معتقل ومقابل سلطة محلية حكم ذاتي مشابه لنظام حكم كردستان وتعويض أهالي الأنبار جراء العمليات العسكرية وإضافة على إشراف قوات أبو ريشة على عملية تطهير بغداد من المليشيات الشيعية وهو الشيء الذي لم يحصل.

مقتله
تم اغتيال أبو ريشة مع ثلاثة من حراسه في 13 سبتمبر 2007 بواسطة عبوة ناسفة مزروعة على الطريق بالقرب من بوابة منزله في الرمادي. أعلن تنظيم القاعدة المسؤولية عن الهجوم واعتقل ابن عمه حارسه الشخصي لاتهامه بالتورط في الجريمة.

شارك في جنازة الشيخ أكثر من 1,500 من المشيعين، بما في ذلك شيوخ عشائر ومسؤولين حكوميين ومحليين ورجال دين ورئيس الوقف السني. بعد اغتيال أبو ريشة بساعة، أعلن نوري المالكي تنصيب شقيقه الشيخ أحمد أبو ريشة لتولي قيادة قوات ثوار الأنبار.

انظر أيضا
 ساجدة الريشاوي

مصادر

سياسيون عراقيون مغتالون في عقد 2000
عقد 2000 سياسيون مغتالون في آسيا
سياسيون مغتالون عقد 2000
أشخاص قتلوا في العراق
أشخاص من محافظة الأنبار
أصحاب أعمال عراقيون
أصحاب أعمال في القرن 20
جرائم في العراق عام 2007
جرائم قتل في آسيا 2007
جرائم قتل في العراق 2007
جرائم قتل في العراق عقد 2000
سياسيون عراقيون مغتالون
شخصيات أعمال عراقية في القرن 20
قادة عسكريون
مسلمون سنة عراقيون
مواليد 1972
وفيات 1428 هـ
وفيات 2007
وفيات بعبوة ناسفة بدائية الصنع في العراق
وفيات في الرمادي

عبد الستار أبو ريشة


Jean-Jacques Marx (* 23. Mai 1957 in Fegersheim, Département Bas-Rhin) ist ein ehemaliger französischer Fußballspieler und derzeitiger -trainer. Seit Sommer 2017 steht er beim SV Nesselried in der südbadischen Kreisliga B unter Vertrag.

Mit dem Fußballspielen begann er bei einem Verein in seinem elsässischen Heimatort Fegersheim. Seine Profikarriere begann er 1975 beim damaligen Erstligisten Racing Straßburg, dem Klub aus der elsässischen Landeshauptstadt Straßburg. Bei diesem Verein feierte er seinen größten Karriere-Erfolg mit dem Gewinn der französischen Meisterschaft 1979. Er trug in 29 Einsätzen sechs Treffer zu diesem Erfolg bei. Ferner kam er in der gleichen Saison zu fünf Einsätzen im UEFA-Cup. Marx schied mit seinem Klub in diesem Wettbewerb erst im Viertelfinale gegen den damaligen deutschen Bundesligisten MSV Duisburg aus. In der Saison nach der Meisterschaft nahm der Klub erstmals am Europapokal der Landesmeister teil. Gleich beim ersten Mal drang Marx mit Racing bis ins Viertelfinale vor. Hierbei zog der Klub gegen den niederländischen Spitzenverein Ajax Amsterdam den Kürzeren. Nach einem 0:0 im heimischen Stade de la Meinau verlor der Klub auswärts in Amsterdam mit 0:4. Marx, der bis zum Viertelfinale dreimal im Wettbewerb gespielt hatte, war nur im Rückspiel zum Einsatz gekommen. 1982 wechselte Marx nach sieben Jahren in Straßburg zum Ligakonkurrenten FC Toulouse, wo er in fünf Jahren zu 153 Einsätzen kam. 1987 wechselte er zum damaligen Zweitligisten FC Lorient, wo er 32 Spiele bestritt. Nach nur einer Saison wechselte er zurück nach Straßburg, jedoch nicht zu Racing, sondern zum unterklassigen ASPV Straßburg. Dort beendete er 1995 seine Karriere.

Nach seiner Karriere war er unter anderem Trainer bei den unterklassigen deutschen Klubs TuS Durbach und SG Weier/Bühl. Nachdem der SV Nesselried aus der Kreisliga A in die Kreisliga B abgestiegen war, verpflichtete er im Juni 2017 Jean-Jacques Marx als neuen Trainer.

Erfolge
 Französische Meisterschaft: Meister 1979

Weblinks
 Jean-Jacques Marx auf racingstub.com

Einzelnachweise

Fußballspieler (Racing Straßburg)
Fußballspieler (FC Toulouse)
Fußballspieler (FC Lorient)
Fußballtrainer (Frankreich)
Franzose
Geboren 1957
Mann

Jean-Jacques Marx


, often shortened to , is a Japanese light novel series written by  with illustrations by Reine Hibiki. Originally written as a short story in 1997, Shueisha published 37 light novel volumes from April 1998 to April 2012. The story focuses on a group of teenage girls attending the Catholic Lillian Girls' Academy in Tokyo, Japan. Its storyline largely revolves around the lives and close relationships of the school's student council known as the Yamayuri Council.

A manga adaptation was published by Shueisha in Margaret and its sister magazine The Margaret. Between 2004 and 2009, the series was adapted by Studio Deen into three 13-episode anime television series and a five-episode original video animation (OVA) series. The anime adaptations have been released in North America by Nozomi Entertainment under the title Maria Watches Over Us. The license was later transferred to Maiden Japan. A live-action film adaptation was released in Japan in November 2010. Several audio dramas and music albums were also published.

Maria-sama ga Miteru received generally positive reviews by critics. It has been described as representative of yuri novels, and has been credited with starting "the modern yuri trend," in addition to reviving the Class S genre. Critics have praised the series for its strong characterization, even among peripheral characters, and for its emphasis on romance and emotion over sexuality. The dramatization, however, has been criticized as being overly dramatic at times, but the lack of malicious characters has been described as reducing the chance for more drama. The extensive use of French titles has also been criticized as being distracting and initially difficult to follow. Over 5.4 million copies of the light novels have been published.

Plot

Setting and themes
The setting for Maria-sama ga Miteru is , a fictional Catholic school founded in 1901 in Musashino, Tokyo, Japan; the school is depicted as an elegant, clean, pure, and very prestigious institution. Among the facilities of Lillian, aside from the classrooms, there is a church, a greenhouse, a kendo dojo, an auditorium, a park, and the Rose Mansion, where the Yamayuri Council meet. The students are very respectable and in good standing. The uniform at the school is a long, black Japanese school uniform with a white collar.

The school uses the fictional sœur system where any second- or third-year student, the grande sœur ("big sister"), might pick a younger girl who will become her "sœur" (sister in French). The grande sœur gives her the petite sœur ("little sister") a rosary and promises to look after her and guide her. The basic etiquette demands the petite sœur to call her grande sœur "onee-sama" (older sister in Japanese). Aside from being used in prayer, the rosary is the instrument that certifies the sœur union and relationship between two students. There is an implicit code of behavior between sœurs, especially in the Yamayuri Council—the student council of the school: quietness, measure and respect towards each other; values deeply attached to traditional Japanese education.

French is occasionally used throughout the story; for example, the series is given the French subtitle La Vierge Marie vous regarde, which means "The Virgin Mary is watching you". In keeping with the tone of the series, formal language is used:  is a strictly formal and respectful greeting in Japanese, and is used both to greet and to bid farewell. By custom, this greeting is used often in the Lillian School; this has been one of the distinguishable and popular phrases of the series, and it is used to begin or to finish each volume. The Animax English-language version translates the word as "good day to you".

The Lillian Girls' Academy uses the lily symbolism as the white lily is the flower of the Virgin Mary. The white lily is a Christian symbol of virginity and purity. This lily imagery is also used as a reference to yuri: the story has some elements of romance between female characters; the use of lilies reinforces this in subtext, as do the names of the student council and of the school itself. The series is only explicit about a romantic relationship once in a flashback, but many of the sisters have romantic friendships.

The musical choices of the Maria-sama ga Miteru anime adaptations are generally classical music-inspired. The Christian hymn  is often referred to in the series. In the context of the series, it is a children's song taught to the students at Lillian.

Story and characters

Maria-sama ga Miteru'''s story revolves around the students of the Lillian Girls' Academy and is character-driven, focusing on interactions between the characters rather than any sort of ongoing plot or goal to attain. When the story begins, Yumi Fukuzawa, a first-year student at Lillian, is praying in front of the Virgin Mary statue near the school entrance when she is suddenly approached by a cold second-year student named Sachiko Ogasawara who straightens Yumi's uniform neckerchief. This seemingly simple act of kindness stays with Yumi the rest of the day, and she speaks of her meeting with Sachiko to her friends during class and lunch.

After school is over, Yumi's classmate Tsutako Takeshima meets with Yumi to show her that she took a photograph of Yumi's meeting with Sachiko earlier that morning. Yumi asks if she can have the photo, but Tsutako says she will give her the snapshot under two conditions: one being that Tsutako can display it at the upcoming school festival, and two being that Yumi get Sachiko's permission to do so as well. Yumi agrees to this, which sets in motion a series of events involving the entire Yamayuri Council. A few weeks after first meeting Sachiko, Yumi accepts Sachiko's rosary and therefore agrees to become her petite sœur. This officially inducts Yumi into the Yamayuri Council where she assists them in school matters alongside Yoshino Shimazu and Shimako Tōdō—the petite sœurs of Rei Hasekura and Sei Satō, respectively. Through her activities in the Yamayuri Council, Yumi becomes closer to the other members and generally finds her experiences with the group to be enjoyable.

Yamayuri Council

Much of the story of Maria-sama ga Miteru revolves around the , which acts as the student council. The Yamayuri Council meet in a building called the . Located within the school, it consists of two stories, including a meeting room on the second story. The Yamayuri Council itself consists of three offices, named after roses: , , and . These are also referred to by their colors; the  is Rosa Foetida, the  is Rosa Gigantea, and the  is Rosa Chinensis.

Due to the high importance the three Rose families have in the development of the student activities within school, those who become petites sœurs of any of the mentioned families receive a functional "inheritance" through the grandes sœurs teachings, to adopt a position given certain circumstances. In this way, there are patrons recognized through the generations of the members of the Rose families. Still, after graduating, the grandes sœurs of the Yamayuri Council may continue with a fair participation in the events concerning their families, as shown in the novels.

A , or , is one of three senior members of the Yamayuri Council, although it is also possible to generally speak of all the members of the Yamayuri Council as roses. A Rose makes the important decisions within this group, since she has control over the student council. Candidates for the position, which lasts through the school year, are chosen through an election. Any student can run to become a Rose, although the position is usually given to the en boutons, the Roses' petite sœurs.

The petite sœur of a Rosa is called an , otherwise known as a . En bouton is French for "in bud"—as used in the example Rosa Chinensis en bouton—and is unofficially considered part of the Yamayuri Council, as is the petite sœur of the en bouton, if she has one. The en boutons must be in a lower year than their Rosa, and generally the en boutons execute the plans discussed by the Roses, like assistants. Although the Rosa positions of the Yamayuri Council are traditionally passed to the en bouton on the graduation of the current holder, they are nonetheless elected offices which anyone may run for.

The petite sœur of the en bouton is called —as used in the example Rosa Chinensis en bouton petite sœur—and is otherwise known as the . She must be in a lower year than her en bouton and performs small duties; such as attending to the Roses' en boutons, cleaning the Rose Mansion, and making tea and snacks for the Yamayuri Council. This lasts a school year; and the following year when their en bouton is elected as Rosas, the petite sœurs become en boutons automatically.

Production
After writing her debut novel series  for three years starting in March 1994, Oyuki Konno published a short story called "Maria-sama ga Miteru" in the February 1997 issue of the shōjo magazine Cobalt with illustrations by Yuma Aoi. In 1993, Konno had previously won both Cobalt's Novel Award and Readers' Award for Yume no Miya, and by February 1997, nine volumes had been released.

In the afterword of the first Maria-sama ga Miteru light novel volume, Konno admitted that Maria-sama ga Miteru was very different from her usual genre of story-telling in Yume no Miya, which she described as an "imperial story" set in a fictionalized classical Japan. For the basis of Lillian Girls' Academy, Konno drew from her own experiences attending an all-girl high school, and some of the scenery of Lillian was also taken from this, such as a ginkgo pathway which stretched out from the main gate. The laid-back atmosphere of the school was also incorporated into Lillian, although Konno's school did not have a sœur system and it was not a Catholic school. Konno had been exposed to Christianity from a young age: she attended a completely Christian kindergarten which had a sanctuary and cloister in the middle of the school. Konno notes that she put her own questions about the Virgin Mary's heart into the story via Yumi. Konno ultimately mixed together various sources and ended up with Lillian Girls' Academy.

Media
Light novels

After writing the Maria-sama ga Miteru short story, Konno expanded it into a series of novels. The first volume was published on April 24, 1998, with illustrations by Reine Hibiki. In terms of the storyline, this first novel marks the beginning of the series; the original 1997 short story was reworked and republished in the ninth volume Cherry Blossom in 2001. Shueisha published 37 light novels in the series, ending with Farewell Bouquet on April 28, 2012. There were also two additional volumes published, the first containing an overview of the series and interviews, and the second featuring an illustration collection. Second editions were published starting in 2018 to commemorate its 20th anniversary. In February 2003, with 12 volumes released, Konno began to publish more short stories in Cobalt, with illustrations by Hibiki. Counting the 1997 debut, 27 short stories were published, which were included in later novels. The first five volumes of the light novel series were translated into German by Tokyopop.

Konno also wrote a spin-off series of light novels titled , also illustrated by Hibiki. These focus on Yumi's younger brother Yūki and his schoolmates at Hanadera. Shueisha published 10 volumes between August 1, 2008 and November 30, 2013.

Manga

A manga adaptation, drawn by Satoru Nagasawa, was serialized in Shueisha's shōjo manga magazine Margaret between October 2003 and October 2005. Following this, the manga was transferred to Shueisha's sister magazine The Margaret between May 2006 and December 2007. The manga was again serialized in The Margaret between May and August 2010. The individual chapters were collected and published in nine tankōbon volumes released by Shueisha between February 2004 and October 2010. The first eight volumes were republished in five omnibus volumes in Japan between April and July 2010. The story in each volume follows the corresponding volume of the novels. The first eight volumes were translated into German by Tokyopop.

Six brief manga one-shots, illustrated by Reine Hibiki and based on some scenes from the novels, were published by Shueisha in Cobalt between February 2003 and December 2004. They are: , , , , , and . "Before the Festival" was later included in volume 18 of the novels, Premium Book, and the other five were later published in volume 26 of the novels, Illustration Collection. A one-shot of Oshaka-sama mo Miteru, illustrated by Sakura Kenjō, was published in Shueisha's Comic Cobalt magazine in August 2010.

Anime

A 13-episode anime television series adaptation of Maria-sama ga Miteru aired in Japan between January 7 and March 31, 2004 on TV Tokyo. Produced by Studio Deen and directed by Yukihiro Matsushita, the screenplay was written by Reiko Yoshida, and Akira Matsushima based the character design used in the anime on Reine Hibiki's original designs. The art director for the series is Nobuto Sakamoto. The sound director is Yoshikazu Iwanami, and the soundtrack is composed by Mikiya Katakura. The series was later released by Geneon to seven VHS and DVD compilation volumes from April to October 2004.

Most of the production staff would return to produce two additional television series and an original video animation (OVA) series. The 13-episode second season, titled , aired between July 4 and September 26, 2004 on TV Tokyo. The series was later released by Geneon to six VHS and DVD compilation volumes from October 2004 to April 2005. The third season, a five-episode OVA series titled Maria-sama ga Miteru, was released on DVD from November 29, 2006 to July 25, 2007; each episode is approximately 50 minutes long. The 13-episode fourth season, again titled Maria-sama ga Miteru, aired between January 3 and March 28, 2009 on AT-X. The series was released by Geneon to six DVD compilation volumes from March to August 2009. Instead of Yukihiro Matsushita who had directed the first three seasons, the fourth season is directed by Toshiyuki Katō.

In addition to the main anime series, a parody series called  is included as a bonus on the DVD releases of the three televisions seasons and the OVA series. There are 29 episodes: seven from season one, six for season two, five for season three, and eleven for season four. The episodes consist of short segments of fake outtakes and parody skits drawn in a super deformed style and starring the cast of the anime.

Nozomi Entertainment, the licensing branch of Right Stuf Inc., had licensed the three television series and the OVA series under the title Maria Watches Over Us for North American distribution. The four series were released as DVD box sets with English subtitles as follows: July 29, 2008 for season one, November 25, 2008 for season two, March 24, 2009 for season three, and July 6, 2010 for season four. Maiden Japan licensed the three television series and the OVA series after Nozomi Entertainment's license to the franchise had expired. An English dub for the series was considered in 2018.

Audio CDs
For the first Maria-sama ga Miteru anime series, the opening theme "Pastel Pure" and the ending theme is "Sonata Blue". Both songs are instrumental tracks composed by Mikiya Katakura of the band Ali Project and were released on a theme song album in February 2004. The original soundtrack for the first anime series was released in February 2004. For Maria-sama ga Miteru: Printemps, the opening theme is a vocal version of "Pastel Pure" by Ali Project and the ending theme is again "Sonata Blue". The single for "Pastel Pure" was released in August 2004. The original soundtrack for Printemps was released in September 2004.

For the Maria-sama ga Miteru OVA series, the opening theme is again the instrumental version of "Pastel Pure", and there are two ending themes. The single for the first ending theme  by Kotoko was released in October 2006, and the single for the second ending theme  by Kotoko was released in March 2007. The original soundtrack for the OVA series was released in March 2007. For the Maria-sama ga Miteru fourth season, the single for the opening theme  by Kukui was released in February 2009, and the single for the ending theme  by Kaori Hikita was also released in February 2009. For the Maria-sama ga Miteru live-action film, the theme song "Heavenly Days" by CooRie was released on her album Heavenly Days in October 2010.

Three volumes of albums titled Maria-sama ga Miteru: Haru Image Album containing image songs and background music tracks were released between April and September 2005. Each image album was assigned to one of the three families of roses; the songs were sung by the voice actors of the anime series. A vocal album titled Christmas Album was released in December 2008. Shueisha produced 12 drama CDs between January 14, 2004 and December 14, 2007, and Frontier Works produced three additional drama CDs between July 24, 2009 and July 22, 2010; the CDs use the same voice actors from the anime series. The drama CDs are based on the stories in the novels. The fifth and tenth drama CDs by Shueisha were released in limited edition versions each with a slipcase and a pair of character mini-figures.

Internet radio show
An Internet radio show to promote Maria-sama ga Miteru called  was hosted by Kana Ueda, the voice of Yumi Fukuzawa, and featured other voice actors from the anime series as guests. The show features conversations and publicity, often commenting with news of the anime series and other funny situations from the plot of the novels. It had a pre-broadcast special for Christmas on December 22, 2005, and later broadcast 19 episodes between March 9 and November 24, 2006. The show was streamed online every other Thursday, and was produced by Animate TV. Three additional broadcasts followed: a New Year's Day special on January 25, 2007, a Hinamatsuri special on March 1, 2007, and another Christmas special on December 20, 2007.

The radio show returned to broadcast 13 main episodes and 3 specials between August 27, 2008 and September 30, 2009. Again hosted by Ueda, the show was streamed online every last Wednesday of the month, and was also produced by Animate TV. Combined, the two radio show seasons were later released on 13 CD compilation volumes by Frontier Works between August 4, 2006 and February 24, 2010.

Live-action film

A live-action film adaptation premiered in Japanese theaters on November 6, 2010. The film is directed by Kōtarō Terauchi, and Terauchi co-wrote the script with Keiji Sagami. The film's music is composed by Chika Fujino. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc and DVD in Japan on July 29, 2011. To tie in with the film, a new edition of the first light novel was published in June 2010 with a cover featuring stars Honoka Miki and Haru.

Reception
It was reported in April 2010 that 5.4 million copies of the original light novels have been published. Reception to the Maria-sama ga Miteru anime series has been generally positive, although Anime News Network (ANN) noted that the series leaves itself "wide open to cynical sniggering." Carlos Ross from Them Anime regarded it as "one of the most beautiful and graceful anime" series, adding that the animation is sometimes of questionable quality but overall "very appealing". Andrew Shelton from AMR found the series to be "fairly unique" compared to other shōjo works, explaining that although the story is "a little basic" and "overly dramatic", what is most important is the "response and actions of the character on who the story is focused." Stig Høgset, also from Them Anime, commented that the third season was criticized for being too short, but he personally did not feel "like it was lacking something." Jason Thompson credits Maria-sama ga Miteru with starting "the modern yuri trend." Newer anime titles that Maria-sama ga Miteru is compared to include Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru, Strawberry Panic!, Best Student Council, and Aria. Carlos Ross, writing about the first novel in the series, felt the story was a "classic rags-to-riches tale," but that it was "also sweet, touching and witty when it needs to be." He criticized the lack of teachers and schoolwork in the series, which led to the plot being filled with extracurricular activities, which are common to high school series. He also criticized Yumi's low self-esteem.

A characteristic element of the series is the extensive use of French titles, which Carlos Ross has criticized as "distracting". Mania.com criticized the early anime episodes as being "difficult", and saying that the first episode "throws a lot of terms and names at you". On the other hand, Ross compared the "atmosphere" presented by the series' artwork with those from other anime titles of similar setting, including the bright and vivid Revolutionary Girl Utena. Another reviewer from Them Anime also compared Maria-sama ga Miteru with Oniisama e..., but noted that the former is much less dramatic. Marc Hairston commented on the unusual character designs compared to other series, and said they are "ordinary students." ANN also noted the "clear, expressive eyes and character designs that are gifted with an understated mobility," praising the casting choices, and noting that even "peripheral" characters are "fully realized." Holly Ellingwood of Active Anime described the relationships between the characters as "intensely platonic" and "pseudo-gay" for the most part.

ANN noted that the second anime season tends to overdramatize, especially in the last three episodes. ANN also describes the second season as "more embarrassing and shoujo-ai oriented" than the first season, but that the solid characterization is still a strength of the series. Holly Ellingwood of Active Anime appreciated the focus on characters other than Yumi and Sachiko for the second season, regarding Shimako's loss of Sei and befriending Noriko as being "one of the more moving" arcs of Printemps. ANN regarded the OVA season as the best of the first three seasons, citing the improved production standards and the less melodramatic storylines. ANN notes that the fourth season is "a return to dramatic form" after the relaxation of the OVA series, but it is not as melodramatic as the second season, due to the increased maturity of the cast. Chris Beveridge, writing for Mania.com, found it odd that Yumi and Sachiko did not spend so much time together in the fourth season, and felt that the series needed an epilogue, but enjoyed seeing Yumi taking on some "adult responsibilities."

Andrew Shelton has suggested that Maria-sama ga Miteru's "reduced capacity for epic drama" is due to the lack of malicious characters; he considers the series "pure shōjo", mostly due to its character-driven storyline. Japanese reviewers for their part regard the story as a revival of the Class S genre, and specifically a modern-day equivalent of Nobuko Yoshiya's Hana Monogatari. Hairston notes that Maria-sama ga Miteru emphasizes romance and emotion over sexuality, and it has a respectful treatment of its homoerotic themes. He describes the series as "one of the most interesting and touching anime series of the last two years", adding that it is "about self-discovery and self-acceptance."

A Pizza Hut tie-in campaign for the fourth anime series started on January 7, 2008. The Rose Mansion from the story was recreated in the Second Life'' virtual world and opened on February 8, 2008.

References

External links

Maria-sama ga Miteru first anime series at TV Tokyo
Maria-sama ga Miteru second anime series at TV Tokyo
Maria Watches Over Us  at Nozomi Entertainment

1990s LGBT novels
1998 Japanese novels
2003 manga
2004 anime television series debuts
2004 Japanese television series endings
2006 anime OVAs
2008 Japanese novels
2009 anime television series debuts
2009 Japanese television series endings
Anime and manga based on light novels
Cobalt Bunko
Japanese LGBT-related animated television series
Light novels
Maiden Japan
NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan
Novels set in Tokyo
Romance anime and manga
School life in anime and manga
Shōjo manga
Shueisha books
Shueisha manga
Studio Deen
Television shows based on light novels
TV Tokyo original programming
Yuri (genre) anime and manga
Yuri (genre) light novels
Yuri (genre) adapted into films

Maria-sama ga Miteru


Frank Zander (Berlín, Alemania, 4 de febrero de 1942) es un cantante y actor alemán.

Biografía
Zander trabaja en Alemania como cantante y actor, y reside en Berlín y en la isla española de Ibiza.

Canciones
 1975: Der Ur-Ur-Enkel von Frankenstein
 1974: Ich trink auf dein Wohl, Marie
 1976: Oh, Susi (der zensierte Song)

Galardones
 2002: Orden del Mérito de la República Federal de Alemania

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página web oficial de Frank Zander

Cantantes masculinos de Alemania
Actores de Alemania
Nacidos en Berlín

Frank Zander


Adagio es programa que solo funciona en servidores, para la red P2P Gnutella2. Es un cliente que puede funcionar en múltiples sistemas operativos. Se comporta como un tracker como en el protocolo BitTorrent, proporcionando una fuente inicial, información SHA-1 y árboles de hash, como también locaciones alternativas de archivos en la red.

Es escrito en el lenguaje de programación Ada.

Enlaces externos
Sitio web oficial

Software de compartición de archivos
Clientes Gnutella2

Adagio (programa)


Karl Hundason (también Karl Hundisson), es un personaje histórico de la saga Orkneyinga que le menciona como rey de los escoceses en un capítulo donde relata la guerra que mantuvo con el jarl Thorfinn Sigurdsson "el Poderoso", caudillo vikingo de las Orcadas en el .

La saga Orkneyinga desprende que la disputa entre Karl y Thorfinn surge cuando Karl es proclamado el rey de los escoceses y reclama la soberanía sobre Caithness. Según la saga, Thorfinn derrotó a Karl en una batalla naval cerca de Deemess al este de Mainland. El sobrino de Karl, Mutatan o Muddan, había sido designado para gobernar Caithness pero murió en batalla cerca de Thurso por Thorkel Amundason, guerrero vikingo de las Orcadas y padre adoptivo de Thorfinn. La batalla final tuvo lugar en Tarbat Ness, en el flanco sur de Dornoch Firth que acabó con la derrota definitiva de Karl, acabando como fugitivo o muerto. Thorfinn, según la saga, marchó hacia el sur de Escocia llegando hasta Fife, arrasando y devastando por donde pasaba y llegó a obtener hasta siete condados escoceses bajo su poder.

De los capítulos de la saga se desprende que Karl, hijo de Hundi, representaba un largo conflicto local entre vikingos y escoceses de Moray o Ross. La narrativa se fundamenta en la idea que la lucha entre Thorfinn y Karl es una continuación de los desencuentros que hubo desde el  por los jarls de las Orcadas, especialmente entre Ljot Thorfinnsson y Sigurd el Fuerte, contra los príncipes o mormaers de Moray, Sutherland, Ross y Argyll. De hecho Malcolm y Karl fueron mormaers de una de estas cuatro provincias.

Celta o escandinavo
No obstante, la identidad de Karl Hundason es desconocida y no aparece en las fuentes irlandesas y escocesas y ha sido origen de discordia entre historiadores. William Forbes Skene en su obra Highlanders of Scotland ("Highlanders de Escocia") intentó reconciliar los testimonios entre anales irlandeses y las sagas nórdicas. La propuesta de Skene es que Karl (o Kali) Hundason es "Malcolm MacKenneth", hijo de Kenneth III de Escocia (Cináed mac Duib), successor de Malcolm II (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda) en el norte del reino, mientras que el sur estaba dominado por Duncan I (Donnchad mac Crínáin). La teoría fue menospreciada por Eben William Robertson por considerarla demasiado compleja. Robertson propuso que Karl debería identificarse con Duncan I. El candidato más popular es para muchos otros Macbeth de Escocia (Mac Bethad mac Findláich), cuyo padre aparece en la saga de Njál citado como "jarl Hundi".

A la vista que Karl Hundason solo aparece en la saga Orkneyinga, y en particular en el Þórfinnsdrápa del escaldo Arnórr Jarlaskáld, se mantiene el escepticismo desde la propuesta de Robertson y se considera, de momento, un personaje de ficción en un episodio de carácter poético. Por último Alex Woolf sugirió que la identidad es más simple. Cuando la saga relata la infancia de Thorfinn, menciona a un hermano llamado  "Hvelp o Hundi" que fue a Noruega con el rey Olaf Tryggvason y murió allí. Woolf propone que Karl Hundason, lejos de ser un incierto y presunto rey de Escocia, era el hermano de Thorfinn, algo que también planteó con cautela otro historiador Willie Thomson en 2001.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Anon., Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney, tr. Hermann Pálsson and Paul Edwards. Penguin, London, 1978. ISBN 0-14-044383-5

Historia medieval de Escocia
Vikingos de las Islas Órcadas
Guerreros vikingos
Saga Orkneyinga

Karl Hundason


Isla Steinkopf (en alemán: Steinkopfinsel) es una isla fluvial en el río Elba que pertenece a la ciudad de Magdeburgo, capital del estado federado de Sajonia-Anhalt, Alemania. Está en el este del Elba y el canal de conexión Rothenseer. Mide 2,5 kilómetros de largo y 300 metros de ancho localizándose en las coordenadas geográficas   administrativamente hace parte del estado de
Sajonia-Anhalt. En tiempos de la RDA a veces se acampaba en la isla.

Véase también
 Geografía de Alemania
 Geografía de Europa

Referencias

Archipiélagos e islas de Sajonia-Anhalt
Islas fluviales de Alemania
Islas del río Elba
Magdeburgo

Isla Steinkopf


Sultanhanı, Aksaray ilinin bir ilçesi. Merkez ilçeye bağlı bir belde iken 2017'de yayımlanan KHK ile ilçe oldu. Adını, sınırları içinde bulunan Selçuklu kervansarayı Sultan Han'dan almaktadır.

Daha önce Aksaray Merkez ilçeye bağlı olan Yeşiltömek adındaki köy, KHK ile Sultanhanı'na bağlanmıştır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet'te Sultanhanı Belediyesi

Aksaray ilinin ilçeleri

Sultanhanı, Aksaray


Jussi Lauri Juhani Niinistö (født 27. oktober 1970 i Helsinki) er en finsk historiker og politiker fra de De Sande Finner.

Han har været Finlands forsvarsminister siden 2015, 1. næstformand i De Sande Finner siden 2013 og valgt til Rigsdagen siden 2011. Niinistö var formand for De Sande Finners rigsdagssekretariat 2005–2011 og Rigsdagens forsvarskomite 2011–2015. Niinistö har været medlem af kommunefullmektigen i Nurmijärvi siden 2009.

Niinistö tog kandidatgrad i filosofi ved Helsinki Universitet i 1994 og doktorgrad i 1998. Siden 2004 har han været docent i finsk historie ved Helsinki universitet og docent i militærhistorie ved Forsvarshøjskolen.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Finlands parlament: Jussi Niinistö
 Personlig hjemmeside

Forsvarsministre fra Finland
Rigsdagsmedlemmer fra Finland
Historikere fra Finland
Personer fra Helsinki

Jussi Niinistö


John Richards Hicks (f. 8. apríl 1904 – d. 20. maí 1989) var breskur hagfræðingur. Hann er talinn vera einn mikilvægasti og áhrifamesti hagfræðingur 20. aldarinnar. Helstu framlög Hicks til hagfræðinnar var eftirspurnarkenning hans og IS-LM módelið.

Árið 1972 vann hann nóbelsverðlaunin í hagfræði saman með Kenneth Arrow fyrir framlag þeirra til kenninga varðandi jafnvægi í hagkerfum og velferðarkenningar.

Ævi og störf
Hicks fæddist árið 1904 í Warwick á Englandi. Hann var við nám í Clifton College á árunum 1917-1922 og við Balliol College, Oxford á árunum 1922–1926. Hann einblíndi á stærðfræði á fyrsta ári sínu við Oxford en hann hafði einnig áhuga á sagnfræði og bókmenntum. Árið 1923 færði hann sig í heimspeki-, stjórnmála- og hagfræði. Hann útskrifaðist með hæstu einkunn og sagði sjálfur hafa "enga fullnægjandi hæfni í neinu af þeim greinum" sem hann lærði.

Á árunum 1926 til 1935 kenndi Hicks hagfræði við London School of Economics. Hann byrjaði að kenna vinnumarkaðshagfræði en færði sig svo meira yfir í hagfræðigreiningu þar sem hann gat nýtt sér stærðfræðikunnáttu sína. Frá 1935 til 1938 kenndi hann við Cambridge háskóla þar sem hann skrifaði mikilvægasta Value and Capital (1939). 1938 til 1946 var hann prófessor við háskólann í Manchester þar sem hann einbeitti sér að rannsóknum í velferðarhagfræði. Árið 1946 snéri hann aftur til Oxford fyrst sem rannsakandi við Nuffield College (1946–1952), síðar sem prófessor í hagfræði (1952–1965) við Drummond og að lokum sem rannsakandi við All Souls College (1965–1971).

Framlag til hagfræðinnar
Hicks hóf sinn feril sem vinnumarkaðshagfræðingur og gaf út bókina the Theory of wages (1932).

Þekktastur varð Hicks fyrir bók sína Verðmæti og Fjármagn (e. Value and Capital) sem kom út árið 1939. Bókin byggði á nytsemiskynningum og innleiddi greinarmun á staðgönguáhrifum og tekjuáhrifum fyrir einstaklinga. Skrif hans kynntu einnig almennu jafnvægiskenninguna (e. General equilibrium theory).

Frægasta framlag Hicks í þjóðhagfræði var IS-LM líkanið. Líkanið túlkaði kenningu John Maynard Keynes og lýsti hagkerfinu sem jafnvægi á milli þriggja liða: fjármagns, neyslu og fjárfestingar.

Hicks afsannaði þá kenningu Marx að vinnusparandi tækniframfarir myndu endilega draga úr hlut vinnuafls í tekjum.

Einnig fann hann upp á leið til þess að reikna út áhrif stefnubreytinga ríkisstjórna og stakk upp á ábatagreiningu sem ber saman ábata þeirra sem græða á móti tapi þeirra sem bíða lægri hlut.

Verðmæti og Fjármagn
Bókina Verðmæti og Fjármagn birti Hicks árið 1939. Í henni eru 19 kaflar og er bókinni skipt í inngang, fjóra hluta og viðauka. Fyrsti hlutinn kallast kenningin um huglægt gildi (e. The theory of subjective value), sá næsti kallast heildarjafnvægi (e. general equilibrium theory), þriðji kaflinn Undirstöður efnahagsframfara (e. The foundations of economic dynamics) og loks virkni kraftmikils kerfis (e. The working of the dynamic system). Bókin byrjar með einfalt vandamál neytenda og dregur ályktanir útfrá því: Neytandi hefur takmarkað magn fjár til þess að eyða í tvo hluti. Höfundur veltir upp spurningunni hvað ákvarði magn af sitthvorum hlut sem neytandi kaupir? Takmörkin, sem sett eru á nytjafallið og eftirspurnarjafnvægi, útskýrir útgjaldaskorð neytendans. Þessi tilgáta ýtir undir fræðilega niðurstöðu verðbreytingar á einni af vörunum á því magni sem neytandinn neytir af hverri vöru. Tilgátan útskýrir breytingu yfir í staðgönguáhrif og tekjuáhrif.

Áhrif rannsókna á rekstrarhagfræði voru mikil og hugmyndir, sem kynntar voru í bókinni, þróuðu rekstrarhagfræði áfram sem fræðigrein. Meðal annars sýndi Hicks fram á að margt sem hagfræðingar trúa á um virðiskenningu sé hægt að finna út án þess að nytjar séu mælanlegar.

IS-LM líkanið
IS-LM líkanið eða Hicks-Hansen líkanið er þjóðhagfræðilíkan sem sýnir samband vaxta og eigna. IS-LM líkanið útskýrir aðallega tvo hluti, í fyrsta lagi útskýrir það breytingu á þjóðartekjum (GNI) til skemmri tíma þar sem verðlag breytist ekki og í öðru lagi útskýrir það breytingu á heildareftirspurnarferli. Því hentar þetta líkan vel til þess að greina hagsveiflur og viðeigandi viðbrögð við þeim.

Hicks þróaði líkanið árið 1937 og síðar bætti Alvin Hansen við það. Líkanið er stærðfræðileg framsetning á keynesískum þjóðhagfræðikenningum. Á fimmta áratug upp að miðjum áttunda áratug 20. aldar var líkanið megin tæki í þjóðhagfræði rannsóknum en síðan þá hefur það aðallega verið notað sem kennslutæki í þjóðhagfræði.

Tilvísanir

Breskir hagfræðingar
Nóbelsverðlaunahafar í hagfræði

John Hicks


Zastava Lužičkih Srba (gornjolužičkosrpski: Serbska chorhoj, donjolužičkosrpski: Serbska chórgo) narodna je zastava Lužičkih Srba.

Kao i većina slavenskih zastava, lužičkosrpska također ima panslavenske boje, koje imaju podrijetlo u panslavenskom pokretu koji je nastao u Europi u 19. stoljeću.

Povijest
Prvi spomen lužičkosrpske zastave datira iz 1842. godine. Zastupnici Lužičkih Srba svojim su simbolom proglasili plavo-crveno-bijelu trobojnicu u lipnju 1848. godine na Prvom sveslavenskom kongresu u Pragu.

Nacistička vlast u Njemačkoj 1935. godine zabranila je ovu zastavu. Dana 17. svibnja 1945. godine osnovana je lužičkosrpska organizacija Domowina koja je ponovo počela koristiti zastavu.

U zakonodavstvu Istočne Njemačke ne spominje se zastava Lužičkih Srba, no vlasti Cottbusa i Dresdena dozvolili su njeno isticanje u posebnim prilikama.

Vidi još
 Grb Lužičkih Srba
 Narodna zastava
 Panslavenske zastave
 Zastave bijelih, crvenih i plavih pruga

Izvori

Zastave nacionalnih manjina
Lužički Srbi

Zastava Lužičkih Srba


In linear algebra, a square matrix with complex entries is said to be skew-Hermitian or anti-Hermitian if its conjugate transpose is the negative of the original matrix. That is, the matrix  is skew-Hermitian if it satisfies the relation

where  denotes the conjugate transpose of the matrix .  In component form, this means that

for all indices  and , where  is the element in the -th row and -th column of , and the overline denotes complex conjugation.

Skew-Hermitian matrices can be understood as the complex versions of real skew-symmetric matrices, or as the matrix analogue of the purely imaginary numbers.  The set of all skew-Hermitian  matrices forms the  Lie algebra, which corresponds to the Lie group U(n). The concept can be generalized to include linear transformations of any complex vector space with a sesquilinear norm.

Note that the adjoint of an operator depends on the scalar product considered on the  dimensional complex or real space . If  denotes the scalar product on , then saying  is skew-adjoint means that for all  one has .

Imaginary numbers can be thought of as skew-adjoint (since they are like  matrices), whereas real numbers correspond to self-adjoint operators.

Example
For example, the following matrix is skew-Hermitian

because

Properties
 The eigenvalues of a skew-Hermitian matrix are all purely imaginary (and possibly zero). Furthermore, skew-Hermitian matrices are normal. Hence they are diagonalizable and their eigenvectors for distinct eigenvalues must be orthogonal.
 All entries on the main diagonal of a skew-Hermitian matrix have to be pure imaginary; i.e., on the imaginary axis (the number zero is also considered purely imaginary).
 If  and  are skew-Hermitian, then  is skew-Hermitian for all real scalars  and .
  is skew-Hermitian if and only if  (or equivalently, ) is Hermitian.
 is skew-Hermitian if and only if the real part  is skew-symmetric and the imaginary part  is symmetric.
 If  is skew-Hermitian, then  is Hermitian if  is an even integer and skew-Hermitian if  is an odd integer.
  is skew-Hermitian if and only if  for all vectors .
 If  is skew-Hermitian, then the matrix exponential  is unitary.
 The space of skew-Hermitian matrices forms the Lie algebra  of the Lie group .

Decomposition into Hermitian and skew-Hermitian
 The sum of a square matrix and its conjugate transpose  is Hermitian.
 The difference of a square matrix and its conjugate transpose  is skew-Hermitian. This implies that the commutator of two Hermitian matrices is skew-Hermitian.
 An arbitrary square matrix  can be written as the sum of a Hermitian matrix  and a skew-Hermitian matrix :

See also
 Bivector (complex)
 Hermitian matrix
 Normal matrix
 Skew-symmetric matrix
 Unitary matrix

Notes

References
 .
 .

Matrices
Abstract algebra
Linear algebra

Skew-Hermitian matrix


The Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (after Lord Kelvin and Hermann von Helmholtz) is a fluid instability that occurs when there is velocity shear in a single continuous fluid or a velocity difference across the interface between two fluids. Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities are visible in the atmospheres of planets and moons, such as in cloud formations on Earth or the Red Spot on Jupiter, and the atmospheres of the Sun and other stars.

Theory overview and mathematical concepts

Fluid dynamics predicts the onset of instability and transition to turbulent flow within fluids of different densities moving at different speeds. If surface tension is ignored, two fluids in parallel motion with different velocities and densities yield an interface that is unstable to short-wavelength perturbations for all speeds. However, surface tension is able to stabilize the short wavelength instability up to a threshold velocity.

If the density and velocity vary continuously in space (with the lighter layers uppermost, so that the fluid is RT-stable), the dynamics of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is described by the Taylor–Goldstein equation:
 where  denotes the Brunt–Väisälä frequency, U is the horizontal parallel velocity, k is the wave number, c is the eigenvalue parameter of the problem,  is complex amplitude of the stream function. Its onset is given by the Richardson number . Typically the layer is unstable for . These effects are common in cloud layers. The study of this instability is applicable in plasma physics, for example in inertial confinement fusion and the plasma–beryllium interface. In situations where there is a state of static stability, evident by heavier fluids found below than the lower fluid, the Rayleigh-Taylor instability can be ignored as the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability is sufficient given the conditions.

Numerically, the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability is simulated in a temporal or a spatial approach. In the temporal approach, the flow is considered in a periodic (cyclic) box "moving" at mean speed (absolute instability). In the spatial approach, simulations mimic a lab experiment with natural inlet and outlet conditions (convective instability).

Discovery and history
The existence of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability was first discovered by German physiologist and physicist Hermann von Helmholtz in 1868. Helmholtz identified that "every perfect geometrically sharp edge by which a fluid flows must tear it asunder and establish a surface of separation". Following that work, in 1871, collaborator William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin), developed a mathematical solution of linear instability whilst attempting to model the formation of ocean wind waves.

Throughout the early 20th Century, the ideas of Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities were applied to a range of stratified fluid applications. In the early 1920s, Lewis Fry Richardson developed the concept that such shear instability would only form where shear overcame static stability due to stratification, encapsulated in the Richardson Number.

Geophysical observations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability were made through the late 1960s/early 1970s, for clouds, and later the ocean.

See also
 Rayleigh–Taylor instability
 Richtmyer–Meshkov instability
 Mushroom cloud
 Plateau–Rayleigh instability
 Kármán vortex street
 Taylor–Couette flow
 Fluid mechanics
 Fluid dynamics
Reynolds number
Turbulence

Notes

References

 Article describing discovery of K-H waves in deep ocean:

External links

 Giant Tsunami-Shaped Clouds Roll Across Alabama Sky - Natalie Wolchover, Livescience via Yahoo.com
 Tsunami Cloud Hits Florida Coastline
 Vortex formation in free jet - YouTube video showing Kelvin Helmholtz waves on the edge of a free jet visualised in a scientific experiment.
 Wave clouds over Christchurch City
 Kelvin-Helmholtz clouds, in Barmouth, Gwynedd, on 18 February 2017

Fluid dynamics
Boundary layer meteorology
Clouds
Fluid dynamic instabilities
Articles containing video clips
Hermann von Helmholtz
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
Plasma instabilities

Kelvin–Helmholtz instability


කියුබානු විප්ලවය () යනු ෆිදෙල් කස්ත්‍රෝ සහ ඔහුගේ විප්ලවවාදී සගයන් විසින් Fulgencio Batista එරෙහිව සිදු කරන ලද සන්නද්ධ කැරැල්ලකි.

මූලාශ්‍ර

කියුබාව

කියුබානු විප්ලවය


Um snowclone é um modelo clichê e frasal que pode ser usado e reconhecido em várias variantes. O termo foi cunhado como um neologismo em 2004, derivado de clichês jornalísticos que se referiam ao número de palavras inuítes para neve.

História e derivação
O fenômeno linguístico de "uma frase ou sentença multiuso, personalizável, instantaneamente reconhecível, desgastada, citada ou citada incorretamente que pode ser usada em uma variedade totalmente aberta de variantes" foi originalmente descrito pelo linguista Geoffrey K. Pullum em 2003. Pullum mais tarde descreveu os snowclones como "quadros clichês adaptáveis para jornalistas preguiçosos".

Em um artigo de outubro de 2003 no Language Log, um blogue colaborativo de vários professores de linguística, Pullum solicitou ideias sobre como o fenômeno então sem nome deveria ser chamado. Em resposta ao pedido, a palavra "snowclone" foi cunhada pelo professor de economia Glen Whitman em 15 de janeiro de 2004, e Pullum a endossou como termo de arte no dia seguinte. O termo foi derivado por Whitman de clichês jornalísticos referindo-se ao número de palavras esquimós para neve e incorpora um trocadilho com snow cone (granizado).

O termo "snowclone" já foi adotado por outros linguistas, jornalistas e autores.

Snowclones estão relacionados a memes e clichês, de acordo com David Sarno, do Los Angeles Times: "Snowclones são "memechês", por assim dizer: clichês memificados com as palavras operativas removidas, deixando espaços para você ou as massas para mad-libificar suas próprias versões."

Bibliografia

Neologismos

Snowclone


මෙය, ක්‍රිපූ 18 වන සියවසෙහි සිට ක්‍රිව 22 වන සියවස දක්වා  දශක ලැයිස්තුවක්  වන අතර, වැඩි විස්තර සහිත ඒවා පිළිබඳ ලිපි වලට බැඳියන්ද අඩංගු වෙයි.

20 වන සියවසෙහිදී, ඓතිහාසික ස්ථිතීන් ලෙසින් එක් එක් දශක  සැලකීම සාමාන්‍ය කරුණක් විය . කිසියම් නැඹුරුතාවයන්, ශෛලීන් සහ ආකල්පයන් මෙම දශකයන් හා ආශ්‍ර වුනු අතර මෙම දශක හැඳින්වීමට ඉවහල් විය  ("විසි වන ගණන්", "තිස් වන ගණන්" ආදි වශයෙන් හැඳින්විනි).

වසර ලැයිස්තු
ඓතිහාසික  කාලානුරූප

දශක ලැයිස්තුව


Nondeterminism or nondeterministic may refer to:

Computer science
Nondeterministic programming
Nondeterministic algorithm
Nondeterministic model of computation
Nondeterministic finite automaton
Nondeterministic Turing machine
Indeterminacy in computation (disambiguation)

Other
Indeterminism (philosophy)

See also
Indeterminacy (disambiguation)

Nondeterminism


Warrior kan henvise til:

 film
 Warrior (film fra 2011) – amerikansk dramafilm fra 2011 af Gavin O'Connor

 sange
 Warrior (Nina Sublatti sang) – Nina Sublatti sang fra 2015
 Warrior (Amber Bondin sang) – Amber Bondin sang fra 2014
 Warrior (Disturbed-sang) – Disturbed sang fra 2011

 album
 Warrior (album) – album af Unleashed

 band
 Warrior (band) – amerikansk heavy metal band

 spil
 Warrior (World of Warcraft) – klasse af figure i World of Warcraft

 andet
 Warrior (panserkøretøj) – britisk kampvognsfamilie med bl.a. typen FV510

Warrior


An Eragrostis curvula in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Adolph Schrader, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck. An Eragrostis curvula in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eragrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Eragrostis

Eragrostis curvula


Lidl–Trek (cod UCI: LTK) este o echipă profesionistă de ciclism americană. Numită Radioshack-Nissan, în 2014, Trek a preluat proprietatea echipei și licența ProTeam.

Referințe

Legături externe

Ciclism
Echipe de ciclism

Lidl–Trek


Onur Akın (d. 6 Mart 1967; Ahlat, Bitlis), Türk özgün müzik sanatçısıdır.

Hayatı
6 Mart 1967'de Bitlis'in Ahlat ilçesinde dünyaya geldi. Öğretmen bir baba ile ev hanımı bir annenin altıncı ve son çocuğudur. Köy Enstitüsü mezunu olan babasının tayini nedeniyle İstanbul'a yerleşti. İlkokul eğitimini Paşabahçe İlköğretim Okulu'nda, ortaokul eğitimini Paşabahçe Ortaöğretim Okulu'nda ve lise eğitimini Paşabahçe Ferit İnal Lisesi'nde tamamladı. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Gazetecilik ve Halkla İlişkiler Bölümü'nden mezun oldu.

Kariyeri

1987 yılında kurduğu Grup Baran'ın ilk albümü Yediveren 1989'da dinleyiciyle buluşmuştur. Vedat Türkali'nin 1944 yılında yazdığı "Bekle Bizi İstanbul" adlı şiiri besteleyip yorumlamıştır. 1991'de Grup Baran'ın ikinci ve son albümü olan Kuytuda Başak yayımlandı. 1991'den sonra müzik çalışmalarına tek başına devam etti. Başlarda hırçın şarkılar söylerken, şarkıları aşk şarkılarına doğru yön değiştirdi.

Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi'ne seçim şarkıları yapmıştır.

Diskografi

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Yaşayan insanlar
1967 doğumlular
Ahlat doğumlular
İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesinde öğrenim görenler
Türk halk müziği ses sanatçıları
20. yüzyıl erkek şarkıcıları
21. yüzyıl erkek şarkıcıları
20. yüzyıl Türk bestecileri
21. yüzyıl Türk bestecileri
1980'lerin şarkıcıları
1990'ların şarkıcıları
2000'lerin şarkıcıları
2010'ların şarkıcıları
2020'lerin şarkıcıları
Ada Müzik sanatçıları
İdobay Müzik sanatçıları
Seyhan Müzik sanatçıları

Onur Akın


Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu, Peyami Safa'nın ilk baskısı 1930 yılında yapılmış otobiyografik romanı.

Peyami Safa'nın en fazla basılan ve beğenilen eseridir. 15 yaşında hasta bir çocuğun 1915 yılındaki olayları anlattığı bir hatıra defteri şeklinde kaleme alınmıştır. Romanın başkişisi ve anlatıcısı olan "Hasta Çocuk"'un isminden romanda bahsedilmez. Bilinçli olarak, romancının değil roman kahramanının gözlemlerini esas alan ilk Türk romanıdır.

İlk defa  7 Kasım 1929 –  10 Aralık 1929 tarihleri arasında, Cumhuriyet gazetesinde tefrika edilmiş; ilk baskısı 1930 yılında, Resimli Ay matbaasında yapılmıştır. Yazar eserin ilk baskısını arkadaşı Nâzım Hikmet'e ithaf etmiştir. Roman, aynı adla 1967 yılında yönetmen Nejat Saydam tarafından sinemaya uyarlanmıştır.

Roman, 6 bölüm ve 44 kısımdan oluşur (1, 2, 4, 5 ve 6. bölümler 7; 3. bölüm ise 9 kısım içerir). Son bölümünde, romanın kahramanına roman kişilerinden Nüzhet tarafından Berlin'den gönderilen mektuplar ve bu mektuplara cevap olarak kaleme alınan, ancak gönderilmeyen bir mektup da mevcuttur. Ancak, tefrikadan kitaba geçirilirken mektuplar çıkarılmıştır.

Konusu
Romanın kahramanı olan 15 yaşındaki genç, dizindeki kemik veremi hastalığı nedeniyle iki kere ameliyat geçirmiş fakat iyileşememiştir. Doktoru, ona tekrar ameliyat olmasını tavsiye eder ancak ameliyatın riski büyüktür, bacağını kaybetme tehlikesi vardır. Genç, bu kötü haberi annesinden saklar. Ertesi gün başka bir doktora görünür; açık hava ve iyi bir dinlenme tavsiyesi alınca yaz tatilini uzaktan akrabası olan Paşanın Erenköy'deki köşkünde geçirmeyi düşünür.

Erenköy'deki köşkte misafir olduğu günlerde Paşanın kızı olan çocukluk arkadaşı Nüzhet'le aralarındaki duygusal yakınlık güçlenir. Bu arada Ragıp isimli bir doktor Nüzhet'e talip olur; bu olay birkaç gün çocuktan gizlenir. Nüzhet'in annesi evliliğe taraftardır ama Paşanın endişeleri vardır. Durum ortaya çıktıktan sonra Paşanın gence fikrini sorması ve gencin yaş farkına değinerek olumsuz düşünceler açıklaması Nüzhet'in annesini kızdırır. Hasta genç ile aralarındaki yakınlaşmayı önlemek için kızına, hasta gençten mikrop kapabileceğini, uzak durması gerektiğini söyler. Bu konuşmayı duyan genç kırılır; ancak ertesi sabah kendi annesi de köşke geldiği için oradan hemen ayrılma düşüncesini gerçekleştiremez.

Dr. Ragıp Bey'in de davetli olduğu yemekte Paşa'nın ve Ragıp Bey'in Fransızca hayranlığını eleştiren gencin Paşa ile de arası açılır. Annesinin telkinleri nedeniyle Nüzhet de kendisi ile konuşmamaktadır. Bir süre sonra annesi ile birlikte köşkten ayrılırlar.

Yaşadığı üzüntüler sonucu hastalığı ağırlaşan genç ile Dr. Mithat ilgilenir. Uzun süre hastanede yatıp 3-5 ameliyat geçirdikten sonra iyileşme umudu olabileceği söylenince 9. Hariciye Koğuşu'na yatar. Gördüğü tedavi sonucu bacağı kesilmekten kurtulur.

Hastaneden çıkarken Paşanın felç geçirdiğini, kendisini son bir kez görme istediğini; Nüzhet'in ise Ragıp ile yakın zamanda evleneceğini öğrenir. Bacağı hızla iyileşir; hastaneden ayrılır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Ahmet Demir, Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu'nda Mekânın/Mekân Tasvirlerinin Başlıca İşlevleri, International Journal of Central Asian Studies Cilt 13, Yıl 2009

Peyami Safa romanları
1930 romanları
Sinemaya uyarlanmış Türk romanları
100 Temel Eser
Türkçe romanlar
Psikolojik romanlar
Tefrika romanlar
Otobiyografik romanlar
Konusu İstanbul'da geçen romanlar

Dokuzuncu Hariciye Koğuşu


Dorin Marchis (Cluj-Napoca, 25. veljače 1967.), rumunjski majstor borilačkih vještina. Nositelj je 6. Dana u aikidu i 1. Dana u karateu.

Životopis
Dorin Marchis je rođen 1967. godine u gradu Cluj-Napoca, u Rumunjskoj. Borilačke vještine je započeo vježbati 1983. godine. Prvo je vježbao Shotokan karate. U toj vještini je dostigao 1. Dan. Godine 1993. otkrio je aikido. U aikidu je prvo surađivao s majstorom Masatake Fujita. Zatim je slijedio mnoge shihane iz Hombu dojoa širom svijeta. Posebno je Yukimitsua Kobayashija, kao i seminare koje su vodili waka-sensei Mitsuteru Ueshiba i doshu Moriteru Ueshiba.

Dorin Marchis vodi rumunjsku Aikikai aikido zakladu (RAAF), gdje se nalazi na dužnosti predsjednika i tehničkog ravnatelja. Predaje aikido u Musubi Dojou u Cluj-Napoci, sjedištu nacionalne aikido organizacije u Rumunjskoj. Marchis drži seminare aikida u mnogim gradovima u Rumunjskoj, Ukrajini i Bugarskoj. Svoje znanje aikida kao učitelj i učenik stječe i prenosi u Japanu, Velikoj Britaniji, Mađarskoj, Grčkoj, Bugarskoj, Norveškoj, Francuskoj, Belgiji, Nizozemskoj, Češkoj, Poljskoj, Sloveniji, Litvi i Estoniji.

Godine 2016. izabran je u Upravni odbor Međunarodne aikido federacije (IAF).

Izvori

Vanjske povezice
 Fundatia Romana de Aikido Aikikai
 Dorin Marchis

Aikidoke
Karatisti
Rumunjski športaši

Dorin Marchis


Rusia a participat la Jocurile Olimpice sub diferite nume și forme: ca Imperiul Rus în perioadă 1900–1912, apoi ca membra a Uniunea Sovietică în perioadă 1952–1988. După desființarea URSS a concurat ca membra a Echipa Unificată în 1992. De Jocurile Olimpice de iarnă din 1994 de la Lillehammer participă ca Federația Rusă sub codul CIO RUS.

Uniunea Sovietică a fost țara-gazdă la Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 1980 de la Moscova, iar Rusia a găzduit Jocurile Olimpice de iarnă din 2014 de la Soci.

Medalii după Olimpiadă
Marginea roșie înseamnă că Rusia a fost țara-gazdă.

Medalii la Jocurile de vară

Medalii la Jocurile Olimpice de iarnă

Sportivii cei mai medaliați

Referințe
  olympic.ru, site-ul oficial al Comitetului Olimpic Rus
  Federația Rusă la Comitetul Internațional Olimpic
  Rezultate olimpice ale Federației Ruse  pe Sports Reference

Rusia la Jocurile Olimpice


Das Erbbegräbnis Nering-Bögel ist eine denkmalgeschützte Grabanlage in der Minervastraße 4 in Isselburg im Kreis Borken (Nordrhein-Westfalen).

Die Begräbnisstätte der Direktorenfamilie der Minervahütte ist unter Bäumen angelegt. Sie ist mit qualitätvollen Grabmälern aus Gusseisen in klassizistischen und neugotischen Formen ausgestattet. Das früheste Grabmal ist von 1817. Begraben ist hier auch Johann Nering Bögel.

Literatur
 Georg Dehio, unter wissenschaftlicher Leitung von Ursula Quednau: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Nordrhein-Westfalen II Westfalen. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin/München 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2

Grabmal in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Erbaut in den 1810er Jahren
Baudenkmal in Isselburg
Sakralbau im Kreis Borken
Bauwerk in Isselburg
Grabbau in Europa
Erbbegräbnis

Erbbegräbnis Nering-Bögel


فانتوم هو نظام تشغيل ذو نواة مصغرة طوره المبرمج الروسي دميتري زفاليشين لمعالجات 32-بيت، من المخطط عمل نسخة 64-بيت وتبقى نسخة ال32-بيت لأجهزة الكف.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الأسئلة الأكثر شيوعاً
 وصف عام

نظم تشغيل في الزمن الحقيقي
اختراعات روسية
نظم تشغيل حرة

فانتوم (نظام تشغيل)


Los siouxes son una tribu amerindia asentada en el territorio que actualmente es Estados Unidos.

Sioux también puede referirse a:

Lugares
Sioux City, ciudad en el condado de Woodbury, estado estadounidense de Iowa.
 Condado de Sioux (Dakota del Norte).
 Condado de Sioux (Iowa).
 Condado de Sioux (Nebraska).

Lenguaje
 Idioma siux, lengua hablada por los sioux.
 Lenguas siux, familia de lenguas indígenas norteamericanas.

Música
 Sioux (banda), grupo musical que tiene su origen en Vitoria.

Sioux (desambiguación)


Restriksiyon enzimi veya restriksiyon endonükleazı, çift zincirli DNA moleküllerindeki belli nükleotit dizilerini tanıyan ve her iki zinciri birlikte kesen bir enzim türüdür. Bu özel enzimler, bakteri ve arkelerde bulunurlar ve virüslere karşı bir savunma mekanizmasına aittirler. Konak bakteri hücresinde restriksiyon enzimleri seçici olarak yabancı DNA'ları keserler; konak DNA'yı restriksiyon enziminin etkinliğinden korunmak için bir değiştirme (modifikasyon) enzimi (bir metilaz) tarafından metillenir. Bu iki süreç toplu olarak restriksiyon modifikasyon sistemi olarak adlandırılır. Bir restriksiyon enzimi DNA'yı kesmek için DNA çift sarmalının her şeker-fosfat omurgasından (yani her zincirden) birer kere olmak üzere iki kesme yapar.

Keşifleri
İlk restriksiyon enzimi HindIII'ün saflaştırılmasını takiben pek çok başka restriksiyon enzimi keşfedilmiş ve karakterize edilmiştir. 1978'de Daniel Nathans, Werner Arber ve Hamilton Smith restriksiyon enzimini keşiflerinden dolayı Nobel Tıp Ödülünü almışlardır. Bu keşifleri rekombinant DNA teknolojisinin gelişimine öncülük etmiş, bunun sayesinde örneğin insülinin büyük miktarlarda üretimi için E. coli bakterisi kullanılabilmiştir. 3000 üzerinde restriksiyon enzimi detaylı olarak çalışılmıştır, bunlardan 600'den fazlası ticari olarak elde edilebilir. Bu enzimler laboratuvarlarda DNA modifikasyon ve maniplasyonlarında rutin olarak kullanılmaktadırlar.

Tanıma bölgesi

Restriksiyon enzimleri spesifik bir nükleotit dizisi tanır  ve DNA'da çift zincirli bir kesik oluşturur. Tanıma dizilerinin uzunluğu 4 ila 8 nükleotit olup, çoğu palindromiktir, yani DNA'daki azotlu bazların dizisi ileri ve geri aynı okunur. Teorik olarak DNA'da iki çeşit palindromik dizi olabilir. Yansımalı palindrom normal metinlerdeki gibi olur, aynı DNA dizisi üzerindeki dizinin normal ve tersten okunuşu aynı olur (örneğin GTAATG gibi). Evirtik (İng. inverted) tekrarlı palindrom da iki yönden aynı okunur ama ileri ve geri diziler komplemanter dizilerde yer alır. Örneğin GTATAC dizisinde olduğu gibi, bu dizinin komplemanter dizisi tersten okununca CATATG elde edilir. Evirtik tekrarlar restriksiyon enzimlerinde daha yaygındır ve yansımalı palindromik dizilerden daha önemli biyolojik role sahiptir.

EcoRI retriksiyon enziminin yaptığı kesme "yapışkan" uçlar üretir,

buna karşın SmaI retriksiyon enziminin yaptığı kesme "küt" uçlar üretir

Her restriksiyon enzimi için DNA'daki tanıma bölgeleri farklıdır, kesim sonucu meydana gelen yapışkan ucun iplik uzantısının uzunluğu, dizisi ve zincir yönü (5' veya 3' yönünde) farklılıklar üretir.

Aynı diziyi tanıyan farklı tanıma enzimleri neoşimerler olarak bilinir. Bunlar çoğunlukla diziyi iki farklı yerden keserler; eğer hem tanıma dizileri hem de kesme yerleri aynıysa bu enzimler izoşizomer olarak adalandırılır.

Bakteriler ürettikleri restriksiyon enzimlerinin kendi DNA'larını kesmemesi için, DNA metilazasyonu yoluyla nükleotitlerini değiştirerek (modifiye ederek) korurlar.

Tipler
Restriksiyon endonükleazlar üç veya dört genel grupta kategorize edilirler (Tip I, II ve III), bileşenleri, enzim kofaktör gereksinimleri, hedef dizilerinin özellikleri ve DNA kesim yerinin hedef diziyle ilişkisine bağlı olarak.

Tip I
İlk keşfedilen restriksiyon enzimleri Tip I restriksiyon enzimleri olmuştur ve bunlar E. colinin iki farklı suşuna (K-12 ve B) özgüdürler.

Bu enzimler tanıma bölgelerinden en azından 1000 baz çifti uzaklıktaki farklı bölgeleri keserler.
Tanıma bölgesi asimetriktir ve 6-8 nükleotitlik bir boşlukla ayrılan iki kısımdan oluşur, biri 3-4 nükleotit içeren ve diğeri 4-5 nükleotit içeren. S-Adenozil metyonin (AdoMet), adenozin trifosfat (ATP) ve magnezyum iyonları (Mg2+) gibi birkaç enzim kofaktörü bu enzimlerin etkinliği için gereklidir.

Tip I restriksiyon enzimleri, HsdR, HsdM ve HsdS olarak adlandırılan üç altbirime sahiptirler; HsdR kesme için; HsdM konağın DNAsına metil grupları eklemek için; ve HsdS metiltransferaz etkinliğine ek olarak, tanıma bölgesinin kesim özgüllüğü için gereklidirler.

Tip II

Tip II enzimler tip I enzimlerden birkaç yönden farklıdır. Tek tip proteinden oluşmuş dimer yapıya sahiptirler; tanıma bölgeleri genelde bölünmüş değildir, palindromiktir ve 4-8 nükleotit uzunluktadır; DNA'yı tanıdıkları ve kestikleri yer aynıdır; etkinlikleri için ATP veya AdoMet'e gerek göstermezler, kofaktör olarak genelde sadece Mg2+ gereksinimleri vardır. 1990'lar ve 2000'lerde bu enzim sınıfının tüm özelliklerin taşımayan yeni enzimler keşfedildiği için bu büyük enzim ailesini alt sınıflara ayıran yeni bir adlandırma sistemi geliştirildi. Bu altgruplar bir sonek harf ile belirtilir.

Tip IIB restriksiyon enzimleri (örneğin BcgI and BplI) mültimeriktir, yani birden çok altbirimden oluşur. DNA'yı tanıma dizisinin iki tarafından kesip çıkarırlar. Kofaktör olarak hem AdoMet hem de Mg2+ gereksinirler. Tip IIE restriksiyon endonükleazları (örneğin NaeI) tanıma dizilerinden iki kopyası ile etkileştikten sonra DNA'yı keserler. Bir tanıma dizisi kesme hedefi olarak etkir, öbürü ie enzimin kesme verimini artıran, yani hızlandıran bir alosterik unsur olarak etkir. Tip IIF enzimler (örneğin NgoMIV) Tip IIE enzimlere benzer, onlar da tanıma dizilerinin iki kopyası ile etkileşir, ama ikisi birden keser. Tip IIG enzimler (Eco57I gibi) tek bir altbirime sahiptir, klasik Tip II restriksiyon enzimleri gibi, ama etkin olmak için AdoMet kofaktörüne gerek duyarlar. Tip IIM restriksiyon endonükleazları, DpnI gibi, metillenmiş DNA'yı tanıyıp kesebilirler. Tip IIS restriksiyon enzimleri (FokI gibi) palindromik olmayan asimetrik tanıma dizilerinden beli bir uzaklıkta keserler. Bu enzimler dimer olarak çalışabilir. Benzer olarak, Tip IIT restriksiyon enzimleri (örneğin Bpu10I ve BslI) iki farklı altbirimden oluşur. Bazıları palindromik dizileri tanır, bazılarının tanıma dizileri ise asimetriktir.

Tip III
Tip III restriksiyon enzimleri (örneğin EcoP15) birbirine dönük olan iki ayrı, palindromik olmayan dizi tanırlar. DNA'yı tanıma yerinden 20-30 baz uzakta keserler. Bu enzimler birden çok altbirime sahiptir; DNA metilasyonu ve restriksiyonu için, sırasıyla, AdoMet ve ATP kofaktörlerine gerek duyarlar.

Tip IV
Tip IV restriksiyon enzimleri metillenmiş DNA'yı keser. Bunlar iki farklı altbirimden oluşur. DNA kesimi için Mg2 ve GTP kofaktör olarak gereklidir. Tanıma yeri iki parçalıdır. Metillenmiş bazlar arasında birden fazla kesim olur.

Yapay Restriksiyon Enzimleri
Yapay restriksiyon enzimleri üretmek için doğal ve tasarımlı bir DNA bağlayıcı bölge ile bir nükleaz bölgesi (genelde FokI restriksiyon enziminin kesme bölgesi) birleştirilir. Bu tür yapay restriksiyon enzimleri arzu edilen DNA dizilerini tanıyabilecek şekilde tasarlanabilir, ayrıca tanıma bölgelerinin uzunluğu 36 baz çifti uzunluğa varabilir. Çinko parmak nükleazlar yapay restriksiyon enzimlerinin en yaygın kulanılanlarıdır, genelde genetik mühendislik ve standart gen klonlama uygulamalarında da Other artificial restriction enzymes are based on the DNA binding domain of TAL effectors. kullanılırlar.

Adlandırma sistemi

1970'lerde keşfedilmelerinden beri çeşitli bakterilerde yüzlerce restriksiyon enzimi tespit edilmiştir. Her enzim elde edildiği bakteriye göre adlandırılır, bakterinin cinsi, türü ve suşuna dayalı bir adlandırma sistemine göre. Örneğin EcoRI restriksiyon enziminin adı yandaki kutuda açıklandığı şekilde türetilmiştir.

Uygulamalar
Saflaştırılmış restriksiyon enzimleri çeşitli bilimsel uygulamalardaki DNA manipülasyonlarında kullanılır.

Restriksiyon enzimleri gen klonlaması ve protein ifadesi deneylerinde, plazmit vektörlerlerin içine genler sokmak için kullanılırlar. Gen klonlama deneylerinde kullanılan plazmitlerde genelde kısa bir "çoklu bağlayıcı" dizi (İng. polylinker; çoklu klonlama yeri) bulunur. Gen parçalarını plazmit vektörün içine sokarken bu diziler kolaylık sağlar; genin içinde doğal olarak bulunan restriksiyon yerleri DNA'yı kesmek için kullanılacak endonükleaz seçimini etkiler, çünkü arzu edilen DNA'ya zarar vermeden onun uçlarının kesilmesi gerekmektedir. Bir gen parçasının bir vektörün içine klonlamak için hem plazmit DNA'sı hem de gen parçası aynı restriksiyon enzimi ile kesilir, sonra bunlar DNA ligaz olarak adlandırılan bir enzimle birbirlerine yapıştırılır.

Restriksiyon enzimleri DNA'da bulunan tek baz değişikliklerini (tek nükleotit polimorfizmleri, veya "SNP"leri) spesifik olarak tanıyarak gen alellerini ayırt etmekte kullanılırlar. Bunun için o alelde bulunan bir restriksiyon yerinin bir SNP tarafından değişikliğe uğraması gerekmektedir. Bu yöntemle, bir DNA numunesini dizilemeden, bir retriksiyon enzimi ile onu genotiplemek mümkün olur. Numune önce DNA parçaları oluşturacak şekilde restrilksiyon enzimi ile sindirilir, sonra farklı büyüklükteki parçalar jel elektroforezi ile ayrıştırılır. Genelde, doğru restriksiyon yerine sahip olan aleller jelde iki görünür bant meydana getirir, değişlikliğe uğramış restriksiyon yeri olan parçalar ise kesilmezler ve sadece bir bant oluştururlar. Bant sayısı kişinin genotipini gösterir. Bu işlem bir restriksiyon haritalaması örneğidir.

Benzer şekilde, restriksiyon enzimleri Southern blot yöntemiyle genomik DNA'nın kesilmesinde kullanılır. Bu yöntem ile, bir kişinin genomunda bir genin kaç kopyası (veya paralogu) olduğu belirlenebilir. Bu yöntemin bir diğer uygulamasında belli bir toplulukta kaç tane gen mutasyonu (polimofizmi) olduğu belirlenebilir, buna restriksiyon parçası uzunluk polimorfizmi (İng. restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP) denir.

Örnekler
Daha çok ayrıntı için Restriksiyon enzimi kesme yerleri listesi maddesine bakınız.

Restriksiyon enzimi örnekleri:

Anahtar:
* = küt uçlar
N = C, G, T veya A
W = A veya T

Ayrıca bakınız
 Bazı restriksiyon enzimleri hakkında ayrıntılı maddeler: EcoRV, HindIII, BglII.
 Hedefli endonükleazları (homing endonükleazlar)
 İzoşizomer.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Genel:

Veritabanları:

Yazılım:

EC 3.1
Moleküler biyoloji
Biyoteknoloji

Restriksiyon enzimi


Giovanni di Niccolò de Luteri, better known as Dosso Dossi ( 1489–1542), was an Italian Renaissance painter who belonged to the School of Ferrara, painting in a style mainly influenced by Venetian painting, in particular Giorgione and early Titian.

From 1514 to his death he was court artist to the Este Dukes of Ferrara and of Modena, whose small court valued its reputation as an artistic centre. He often worked with his younger brother Battista Dossi, who had worked under Raphael. He painted many mythological subjects and allegories with a rather dream-like atmospheres, and often striking disharmonies in colour. His portraits also often show rather unusual poses or expressions for works originating in a court.

Biography
Dossi was born in San Giovanni del Dosso, a village in the province of Mantua. His early training and life are not well documented; his father, originally of Trento, was a bursar (spenditore or fattore) for the Dukes of Ferrara. He may have had training locally with Lorenzo Costa or in Mantua, where he is known to have been in 1512. By 1514, he would begin three decades of service for dukes Alfonso I and Ercole II d'Este, becoming principal court artist. Dosso worked frequently with his brother Battista Dossi, who had trained in the Roman workshop of Raphael. The works he produced for the dukes included the ephemeral decorations of furniture and theater sets. He is known to have worked alongside il Garofalo in the Costabili polyptych. One of his pupils was Giovanni Francesco Surchi (il Dielai).

Dosso Dossi is known less for his naturalism or attention to design, and more for cryptic allegorical conceits in paintings around mythological themes, a favored subject for the humanist Ferrarese court (see also Cosimo Tura and the decoration of the Palazzo Schifanoia). Dossi  employed eccentric distortions of proportion, which may appear caricature-like or even 'primitivist'. The art historian Sydney J. Freedberg sees this characteristic as an expression of the Renaissance aesthetic of sprezzatura (i.e. "studied carelessness", or artistic nonchalance). Dossi is also known for the atypical choices of bright pigment for his cabinet pieces. Some of his works, such as the Deposition have lambent qualities that suggest some of Correggio's works.  Most of his works feature Christian and Ancient Greek themes and use oil painting as a medium.

The painting Aeneas in the Elysian Fields was part of the Camerino d'Alabastro of Alfonso I in the Este Castle, decorated with canvases depicting bacchanalia and erotic subjects including Feast of the Gods by Giovanni Bellini and Venus Worship by Titian. The frieze paintings were based on the Aeneid; this scene by Dossi is book 6, lines 635–709, wherein Aeneas is guided over the bridge into the Elysian Fields by the Cumaean Sibyl. Orpheus with the lyre flits in the forest; in the background are the ghostly horses of dead warriors.

In Hercules and the Pygmies, Hercules has fallen asleep after defeating Antaeus, and is set upon by an army of thumb-size pygmies, whom he defeats. He gathers them in his lion skin. Paintings depicting a powerful Hercules were commonly made for the then-ruler Duke Ercole II d'Este. The subjects of the Mythological Scene and Tubalcain are unknown.

Recently, "Portrait of a Youth" at the National Gallery of Victoria, has been identified by the museum as a portrait of Lucrezia Borgia by Dosso Dossi, having previously been regarded as the portrait of an unknown young male by an unknown painter.

In Ferrara, among his pupils were Gabriele Capellini, Jacopo Panicciati, and Giovanni Francesco Surchi.

Selected works

Holy Family with Donors (1514, Philadelphia Museum of Art)
 Aeneas in the Elysian Fields, (1518–1521, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa)
The Virgin Appearing to Sts John the Baptist and John the Evangelist (1520s, Uffizi Gallery, Florence)
Jupiter painting Butterflies, Mercury and the Virtue, (1524, Wawel Castle, Kraków)
 Mythological Scene, c.1524; oil on canvas, 164 × 145 cm, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Allegory of Music, (1530s, Museo Horne, Florence)
Allegory of Fortune, c.1530; oil on canvas, 178 × 216.5 cm, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Portrait of a Woman, 1530–1535; oil on canvas, Musée Condé
 Virgin of the Assumption and St. Michael the Archangel, c.1533–34, Galleria nazionale di Parma
 Three Ages of Man or Rustic Idyll; 77.5 × 11.8 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art
 Aeneas, Barber Institute, Birmingham
 Hercules and the Pygmies Alte Galerie of the Joanneum Graz
 Tubalcain (Allegory of Music) Museo Horne
 Witchraft Stregoneria (Choice of Hercules between Vice and Virtue) Galleria degli Uffizi
 Saint Michael (Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden)
 Saint George and the Dragon  (Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden)
Portrait of a Warrior, Uffizi Gallery, Florence
Portrait of a Youth, portrait of Lucrezia Borgia, National Gallery of Victoria
The stoning of Saint Stephen, Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, on loan to the MNAC Barcelona.

Notes

References
Hartt, Frederick, History of Italian Renaissance Art, (2nd edn.)1987, Thames & Hudson (US Harry N Abrams),

External links

Dosso Dossi: Court Painter in Renaissance Ferrara, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Short biography and pictures at the J. Paul Getty Museum
Images of some paintings
Gallery at MuseumSyndicate
Works by Dosso Dossi at Census of Ferrarese Paintings and Drawings

1490s births
1542 deaths
Artists from the Province of Mantua
16th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
Painters from Ferrara
Italian Renaissance painters
Court painters

Dosso Dossi


Tania Aebi (d. 7. Ekim 1966), Amerikalı denizci ve yazardır.

"Varuna" isimli 8 metrelik teknesi ile dünyayı tek başına dolaşan Amerikalı kadın.

Yola çıktığı tarih olan 30 Mayıs 1985'te 18 yaşında olan Tania, bu yolculuktan önce hiçbir tecrübesi olmamasına karşın babasının önündeki hayatı için sunduğu iki seçenekten biri olan yelkenli ile dünya seyahatini, 6 Kasım 1987 başladığı yer olan New York'ta tamamlamıştır. Yolculuk sırasında tanıştığı ve yolun büyük bir bölümünü beraberce yan yana teknelerde katettiği Oliver ile evlenmiştir.

Tania, Güney Pasifik'te sadece 80 millik yol için aldığı arkadaşı sebebi ile dünya rekoru kıramamıştır.

1966 doğumlular
Amerikalı denizciler
20. yüzyıl Amerikalı yazarları
21. yüzyıl Amerikalı yazarları
Amerikalı kâşifler
Yaşayan insanlar

Resim aranan yazarlar

Tania Aebi


An Caladium picturatum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Karl Heinrich Koch ngan Carl David Bouché. An Caladium picturatum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Caladium, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Caladium

Caladium picturatum


est un objet transneptunien.

Références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 disque des objets épars
 Liste des planètes mineures (523001-524000)

Liens externes

Objet de la ceinture de Kuiper
Planète mineure découverte en 2010
Objet céleste découvert par Pan-STARRS
Objet céleste nommé par sa désignation provisoire

(523695) 2014 GS53