El barrio La Ermita es un barrio del municipio de San Benito, del departamento de Petén (Guatemala).

Toponimia
El área que alberga el municipio de San Benito fue poblada en épocas remotas por los mayas. El barrio de la Ermita es el más antiguo y dio origen al actual municipio de San Benito. En él se ha desarrollado principalmente la actividad educativa y cultural del municipio. Antiguamente se llamaba barrio Playa Blanca.

Geografía
Se encuentra junto al lago Petén Itza, por lo que sufre su ciclo de aumento y descenso en el nivel de sus aguas, lo que ha ocasionado inundaciones, deterioro y abandono de las edificaciones. Esto ha afectado negativamente la vitalidad del espacio urbano, generando la presencia de nuevos usos de suelo no acordes con este espacio urbano.

Flora y fauna
En los últimos años se han venido dando muchos incendios forestales en el departamento del Petén, lo que ha dañado el medio ambiente y ha ocasionado la pérdida de flora y fauna. El comportamiento de los incendios forestales ha sido fluctuante. Así en 1998, la incendencia de los incendios tuvo su máxima expresión por el efecto del fenómeno de El Niño, que produjo la reducción de las precitaciones y la prolongación de la época seca.

Actividades
En un principio, solo el Barrio la Ermita constituyó el municipio de San Benito, por lo que allí se establecieron las primeras escuelas. Las antiguas tradiciones y costumbres del pueblo petenero aún perduran en este barrio: la celebración de la Feria Patronal en honor al santo patrón San Benito de Palermo del 25 de marzo al 3 de abril, la novena religiosa, las actividades de las vueltas de la Chatona y El Caballito y los actos culturales en la Concha Acústica, las procesiones de la Semana Santa, las posadas, las llevaderas de niños y la confección de nacimientos.

Departamento de Petén

Barrio La Ermita


In Aztec mythology, Yohualticetl, the "Lady of the Night", was a moon goddess and guardian of infants.  She may have been the same as Metztli and Coyolxauhqui and the male moon god Tecciztecatl.

See also
Five Suns (mythology)

Aztec goddesses
Lunar goddesses
Childhood goddesses
Night goddesses

Yohaulticetl


An Platanthera fuscescens in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Carl von Linné, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Friedrich Fritz Wilhelm Ludwig Kraenzlin. An Platanthera fuscescens in nahilalakip ha genus nga Platanthera, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Platanthera

Platanthera fuscescens


Joker Stairs (em português, Escadaria do Coringa) é o nome coloquial de uma escadaria para pedestres que liga as avenidas Shakespeare e Anderson, na altura da West 167th Street, em Highbridge, no distrito do Bronx, na cidade de Nova York, Estados Unidos. Localizada perto da estação 167th Street da linha 4 do Metrô de Nova York, as escadarias foram um dos locais de filmagem do filme Joker de 2019.

No filme, o personagem Arthur Fleck, interpretado por Joaquin Phoenix, é repetidamente mostrado subindo e descendo as escadas como parte de sua rotina diária. Mais tarde, em direção ao clímax do filme, ele dança escada abaixo vestindo um terno de cores vivas e maquiagem de palhaço, o que representa uma mudança em seu personagem, ao som de fundo da música Rock and Roll Part 2 de Gary Glitter. A escadaria aparece no pôster promocional do filme e se tornou um ponto turístico. Tanto as escadas quanto a dança de Arthur se tornaram memes de Internet.

Muitos visitantes reencenam a cena do filme, algumas vezes fazendo cosplay do personagem, a ponto da escadaria ficar aglomerada de turistas. Os moradores do Bronx reclamaram que os turistas causavam aglomeração durante seus deslocamentos diários ao mesmo tempo em que tiravam fotos e empunhavam bastões de selfie. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, representante pelo 14º distrito de Nova York (que abrange partes do Bronx) na Câmara dos Representantes, pediu aos visitantes que ficassem longe das escadarias para evitar problemas aos moradores locais.

O jornal India Today observa que "Mesmo que as escadas existam há anos e levem a alguns dos pontos mais famosos de Nova York [...], elas nunca foram muito populares por causa de sua associação com a criminalidade na área". O New York Times observa que, originalmente, a escadaria usada no filme de 2007 American Gangster, localizada em um bairro do sul do Bronx, seria usada na cena, mas foram repavimentadas e embelezadas demais para serem esteticamente aceitáveis em Joker.

De acordo com a NBC de Nova York, a Escadaria do Coringa se juntou "às fileiras de cenários de filmes conhecidos, como os degraus do Museu de Arte da Filadélfia" vistos no filme de 1976 Rocky. Em 2019, o Burger King lançou um vídeo promocional com a escadaria, com a frase dizendo "Sabemos que palhaços podem ser irritantes", uma indireta dirigida ao McDonald's.

Ver também

 Escadaria de Potemkin
 Degraus de Rocky

Cultura da cidade de Nova Iorque
Atrações turísticas do Bronx
Fenômenos da Internet

Joker Stairs


Marco Lund (født 30. juni 1996) er en dansk fodboldspiller, der spiller for IFK Norrköping.

Klubkarriere
Marco Lund spillede fra starten af sin fodboldkarriere i Esbjerg fB's samarbejdsklub Ansager IF. Han skiftede først til Grindsted GIF og dernæst til FC Midtjylland. Han spillede i FC Midtjylland, frem til at han blev U/17-spiller. Ved overgangen til U/17-spiller skiftede han til Esbjerg fB.

Esbjerg fB
Han fik sin debut i Superligaregi for Esbjerg fB den 4. april 2016, da han blev skiftet ind i det 90. minut i stedet Jeppe Andersen i en 1-0-sejr hjemme over Viborg FF.

I slutningen af oktober 2016 skrev Lund under på en forlængelse af sin kontrakt med Esbjerg fB, hvormed parterne havde papir på hinanden frem til sommeren 2019. Han havde her spillet 17 superligakampe, hvoraf otte var med fuld spilletid, og Colin Todd roste ham i den forbindelse "ekstremt godt med sine præstationer".

Odense Boldklub
Den 15. januar 2018 blev det offentliggjort, at Lund skiftede til Superligaklubben Odense Boldklub, hvor han skrev under på en kontrakt gældende frem til sommeren 2021. Han begrundede skiftet med, at han ikke længere ønksede at være reserve.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Danmark
Fodboldspillere fra Esbjerg fB
Fodboldspillere fra Odense Boldklub

Marco Lund


Aceasta este o listă de sculptori azeri:

A
 Fuad Abdurahmanov (1915–1971)
 Zakir Ahmedov (1955– )
 Natig Aliyev (1958– )
 Akif Askerov (1940– )

D
 Djavanshir Dadashov (1952– )

E
 Omar Eldarov (1927– )

H
 Huseyn Hakverdiyev (1956– )
 Elmira Huseynova (1933–1995)

I
 Djamshid Ibrahimli (1941– )
 Zeynalabdin Isgenderov (1949– )

K
 Djalal Karyadi (1914–2001)
 Ibrahim Kuliyev (1915–1971)
 Senan Kurbanov (1938– )

M
 Katib Mammadov (1927– )
 Selhab Mammadov (1943– )
 Tokay Mammadov (1927– )
 Ziver Mammadova (1902–1980)
 Miralasgar Mirgasimov (1924–2004)

N
 Fazil Nedjefov (1935– )

R
 Munevver Rzayeva (1924–2009)

S
 Pinhos Sabsay (1893–1980)
 Fuad Salayev (1943– )

Azeri
Sculptori

Listă de sculptori azeri


නව සම සමාජ පක්ෂය යනු,  ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ට්‍රොට්ස්කිවාදී දේශපාලන පක්ෂයකි. ආචාර්ය වික්‍රමබාහු (බාහු), සුමනසිරි ලියනගේ සහ අනෙකුන් විසින් නායකත්වය සැපයුණු වාම සම සමාජ නැඹුරුව,  ලංකා සම සමාජ පක්ෂය (ලසසප) වෙතින් නෙරපා හැරීමත් සමගම මෙය සංස්ථාපනය වුණි. සිරිතුංග ජයසූරිය (සිරි) සහ වාසුදේව නානායක්කාර (වාසු) පසුව මෙය හා සම්බන්ධ වූහ. 1976දී සමගි පෙරමුණ වෙතින්,  ලසසප විසිවීයාමත් හා සමගම බොහෝ සංඛ්‍යාවක් නැඹුරුව වෙත සම්බන්ධවූ අතර, 1977 දෙසැම්බර් මාසයේදී එය නව සම සමාජ පක්ෂය ලෙසින් ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කෙරිණි.

නසසප මුලදී,   CWI වෙත අනුබද්ධිතව සිටියද, CWIහී අදහස පරිදී, ස්ටැලින්වාදය, පූර්ව යටත් විජිත වාදී සහ අර්ධ-යටත් විජිත වාදී ලෝකයේ ප්‍රවර්ධනයන්  සහ ජාතික ප්‍රශ්නය පිළිබඳව CWIහී විශ්ලේෂණය හා නසසප කිසිවිටෙක සම්පූර්ණ වශයෙන්  එකඟ වූයේ නැත.  සමහරුන් විසින් නෙරපාහැරීමක් ලෙසින්ද,  CWI විසින් බෙදීමක් ලෙසින්ද හැඳින්වෙන ක්‍රියාවලියක් ඔස්සේ, එය CWI වෙතින් 1988දී වෙන් වී ගියේය. ඉතිරිවූ CWI සාමාජිකයෝ, එක්සත් සමාජවාදී පක්ෂය පිහිටුවාගත්හ. 1991 පටන්, ආචාර්ය කරුණාරත්න විසින් මෙහෙයවන නසසප,  සතරවන ජාත්‍යන්තරයෙහි ශ්‍රී ලාංකික පාර්ශවය ලෙසින් පවතියි.

බාහිර සබැඳි
නිල අඩවිය

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂ
 1977දී සංස්ථාපිත දේශපාලන පක්ෂ
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ දේශපාලන පක්ෂ
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ට්‍රොට්ස්කිවාදී සංවිධාන
 සතරවන ජාත්‍යන්තරය  (පශ්චාත්-යළිඑක්වීම)
 කම්කරුවන්ගේ ජාත්‍යන්තරයක් සඳහා කමිටුව

නව සම සමාජ පක්ෂය


Pierre Blet, glavni urednik zbirke Akata i dokumenata Svete Stolice koji se odnose na Drugi svjetski rat. Djela Pio XII. i Drugi svjetski rat prema vatikanskim arhivima i dr.

Izvori

Vatikan

Pierre Blet


Cantello (bis 1895 Cazzone) ist eine italienische Gemeinde (comune) in der Provinz Varese in der Region Lombardei.

Geographie
Die Gemeinde liegt etwa 5 Kilometer östlich von Varese am Rio Ranza und grenzt unmittelbar an die Schweiz und an die Provinz Como. Die bedeckt eine Fläche von 9,13 km². Zu Cantello gehören die Fraktionen Gaggiolo und Ligurno. Die Nachbargemeinden sind: Arcisate, Cagno (CO), Clivio, Malnate, Rodero (CO), Stabio (CH-TI), Varese und Viggiù.

Geschichte
Aus der römischen Antike ist noch ein Jupiteraltar erhalten. Das bebaute Gebiet von Cantello hieß ursprünglich Cazono, später Cazzone (wahrscheinlich grande mestolo oder, anderen zufolge, grande casa); das Gemeindegebiet umfasste Cazono con Ligurno, Vedemario, Gazio et Gazolo (wie in einer notariellen Urkunde von 1452 festgehalten), das heutige Cantello, Ligurno, Velmaio, Gaggio und Gaggiolo. Auf der Karte des Herzogtums Mailand in der Kartengalerie der Vatikanischen Museen (1580) wird der Ortsname als Canzone wiedergegeben.

Seinen heutigen Namen erhielt er 1895, als infolge der Einigung Italiens und der Verbreitung der lombardischen Umgangssprache und der in anderen Regionen weit verbreiteten Trivialsprache der frühere Name einen peinlichen Vulgärwert angenommen hatte. Der Name Cantello ist eine Verkleinerungsform des lateinischen canthus, cantuccio von Land.

Der Ortsteil Velmaio wurde 1968 in die Gemeinde Arcisate eingegliedert. Das Dorf Cantello hat heute etwas mehr als 2000 Einwohner, etwa die Hälfte der Gesamtbevölkerung der Gemeinde. Cantello ist in der Region für die Produktion einer besonderen Sorte weißen Spargels und für das historische Vogelfest bekannt. 1976 wurde der Ortsteil Velmaio ausgemeindet und der Nachbargemeinde Arcisate zugeschlagen.

Bevölkerung

 1809 Fusion mit Viggiù

Sehenswürdigkeiten
 Pfarrkirche Santi Pietro e Paolo mit Fresken des Malers Emilio Sommariva
 Kirche (Oratorium) San Lorenzo
 Kirche (Oratorium) San Bernardino
 Romanische Kirche Santa Maria di Campagna mit ihrem Campanile liegt auf Fundamenten des ausgehenden 11. Jahrhunderts.
 Kirche San Giorgio in der Fraktion Ligurno
 Römische Ara mit Inschrift: IOVI C. VIRIUS C. L. MONIMUS V.S.L.M.
 Die Galerie der Gipsabgüsse im Rathaus enthält Werke von Felice Mina.

Veranstaltungen
Cantello ist in der Region für die Herstellung einer bestimmten Sorte von weißem Spargel und das historische Fest der Vögel berühmt.

Persönlichkeiten
 Santino Bay (* 5. September 1875 in Cantello; † 21. April 1926 in Escholzmatt), Bildhauer
 Felice Mina (* 20. August 1912 in Cagno; † 6. September 1976 in Cantello), Bildhauer und Münzenpräger.

Literatur
 Cantello (italienisch) auf tuttitalia.it/lombardia

Weblinks

 Historische Entwicklung der Gemeinde Cantello und der Pfarrei Santi Pietro e Paolo, abgerufen am 17. Dezember 2015.
 Historische Entwicklung der Fraktion Ligurno und der Pfarrei San Giorgio Martire, abgerufen am 17. Dezember 2015.
 Cantello (italienisch) auf tuttitalia.it/lombardia
 Cantello (italienisch) auf comuni-italiani.it
 Cantello (italienisch) auf lombardia.indettaglio.it/ita/comuni/va
 Kirche Sant'Andrea auf www.flickr.com

Einzelnachweise

Ort in der Lombardei

Cantello


Erbe (, , ) ist eine liberal ausgerichtete Partei der politischen Mitte in Armenien. Bis zum März 2019 war der in den Vereinigten Staaten geborene ehemalige Außenminister Armeniens Raffi Hovannisian Gründungsvorsitzender. Danach übte zunächst Andranik Grigorjan und anschließend Narine Dilbarjan den Parteivorsitz aus.

Wahlen
Erbe wurde bei ihrer ersten Parlamentswahl 2007 fünftstärkste Partei der armenischen Nationalversammlung. Sie kam auf einen Stimmenanteil von 5,8 % und erhielt 7 Sitze.

2012 gewann sie 86.998 Stimmen über Parteilisten; mit fünf Mandaten bildete sie in dieser Amtsperiode die kleinste Parlamentsfraktion. Zur Parlamentswahl 2017 trat sie im Bündnis ORO (Ohanjan – Raffi – Oskanjan) an, das 2,1 % der gültigen Stimmen erhielt und damit den Einzug ins Parlament verpasste.

Abgeordnete in der Nationalversammlung
Hinweis: Anderweitig parteigebundene Fraktionsmitglieder sind nicht mit aufgeführt.

Quelle: Webseite der Nationalversammlung

Fraktionsvorsitzende
Alle bisherigen Fraktionsvorsitzenden, welche die Partei Erbe in der Nationalversammlung stellte:

Siehe auch
 Liste der politischen Parteien in Armenien

Weblinks
 Offizielle Webseite der Partei (arm., eng.)
 Facebook-Präsenz der Partei (armenisch)
 YouTube-Kanal der Partei (armenisch)

Einzelnachweise

Partei (Armenien)
Liberale Partei
Gegründet 2002
Organisation (Jerewan)

Erbe (Armenien)


Aşağıda 1970'lerin sonlarında ve 1980'lerde batı popüler müziğini etkilemiş New Wave müzik akımıyla alakalı müzik toplulukları ve sanatçılarının bir listesi bulunmaktadır.

New Wave toplulukları ve sanatçılar

A
 ABC
 Act noir
 Adam and the Ants
 Adam Ant
 After The Fire
 a-ha
 A House
 The Alarm
 Marc Almond
 Alphaville
 Altered Images
 Amazulu
 Aneka
 Animotion
 Any Trouble
 April Showers
 Art of Noise
 Aztec Camera
 Azra

B
 The B-52's
 B-Movie
 Baltimora
 Bananarama
 Honey Bane
 The Bangles
 Toni Basil
 Berlin
 The Bible
 Big Audio Dynamite
 Big Country
 Black
 Blancmange
 Blondie
 The Blow Monkeys
 Blue in Heaven
 Blue Zoo
 The Bolshoi
 The Bongos
 Book Of Love
 The Boomtown Rats
 Bourgeois Tagg
 David Bowie
 Bow Wow Wow
 The Boys Next Door
 Bram Tchaikovsky
 British Electric Foundation
 Bronski Beat
 The Buggles
 The Busboys

C
 The Carnation
 Cause and Effect
 Cactus World News
 Captain Sensible
 The Call
 Camouflage
 Celestial Ribcage
 Cardiacs
 The Care
 The Cars
 The Chameleons
 China Crisis
 Cipher
 Anne Clark
 Classix Nouveaux
 Lloyd Cole and the Commotions
 The Colourfield
 The Communards
 Julian Cope
 Josie Cotton
 The Creatures
 Marshall Crenshaw
 The Cretones
 Crowded House
 Culture Club
 The Cure

D
 The dB's
 Dalek I Love You
 Dead Or Alive
 Department S
 Depeche Mode
 Dexy's Midnight Runners
 Devo
 Divinyls
 Division Kent
 Thomas Dolby
 Dramatis
 The Dream Academy
 Stephen Duffy
 Duran Duran

E-F
 Easy Image
 Echo & the Bunnymen
 The English Beat
 Dave Edmunds
 Erasure
 Eurogliders
 Eurythmics
 Eyeless in Gaza
 The Expression
 The Expressos
 Fad Gadget
 Falco
 Fashion
 Fay Ray
 Fiat Lux
 Fiction Factory
 Fine Young Cannibals
 Fischer-Z
 The Fixx
 Flash and the Pan
 The Fleshtones
 The Flirts
 A Flock of Seagulls
 The Flying Lizards
 John Foxx
 Fra Lippo Lippi
 Frankie Goes to Hollywood
 Fun Boy Three
 Furniture

G-I
 B. B. Gabor
 Gang of Four
 General Public
 The Go-Betweens
 The Go-Go's
 The Godfathers
 Peter Godwin
 Nina Hagen
 Haircut 100
 Hardware
 Debbie Harry
 Haysi Fantayzee
 Robert Hazard
 Murray Head
 Heaven 17
 The Hitmen
 Hohokam
 Holly and the Italians
 Hoodoo Gurus
 The Hooters
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Söxulfr (o Saxolb en los anales irlandeses) fue un caudillo vikingo procedente de Lochlann que llegó a las costas de Irlanda a finales de 837 siguiendo a una flota de sesenta naves que surcaron el río Liffey que previamente saquearon «iglesias, fortalezas y aldeas», incluida posiblemente algunas de Dublín, pero la población local ya estaba advertida por las constantes embestidas escandinavas y el «jefe de los extranjeros» murió un año más tarde junto a 700 de sus hombres en Brega en un enfrentamiento contra los Uí Colgain, una rama de Cíanachta Breg.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Jean Renaud Les Vikings et les Celtes Ouest-France Université Rennes 1992 ISBN 2737309018.

Historia medieval de Irlanda
Guerreros vikingos
Vikingos de Irlanda

Söxulfr


Pierluigi Cerri (Orta San Giulio, 1939), arquitecto y diseñador italiano.

Biografía
Graduado en el Politecnico di Milano, en 1974 funda con Vittorio Gregotti, Pierluigi Nicolin, Hiromichi Matsui y Bruno Viganò el estudio Gregotti Associati srl, en este ámbito se desempeñó por años como el "alma gráfica".

En 1976 tuvo a cargo la imagen de la Bienal de Venecia. Sucesivamente colaboró con varias revistas y editoriales: Casabella, Rassegna di architettura e urbanistica, etc. También trabajó para numerosas exposiciones: Neue Nationalgalerie de Berlín (1983), Lingotto de Turín (1984), Centro Georges Pompidou de París, Museo de Ciencias de Londres, Accademia di Brera y Trienal de Milán, Palazzo Grassi de Venecia.

Con Gregotti Associati ha triunfado en importantes concursos de arquitectura: el Centro Cultural de Belém en Lisboa, la recuperación y transformación del área Pirelli en la Bicocca de Milán, el proyecto del área para la Expo 92 de Sevilla.

En 1998 se separa del Studio Gregotti y se asocia con Alessandro Colombo para fundar el estudio Cerri & Associati, el mismo tiene a su cargo proyectos de diseño y de arquitectura naval. Este estudio le ha dado vida a proyectos de cruceros: Costa Magica, Costa Victoria, Costa Romantica. Con el "Naòs System" de Unifor, el estudio ganó el premio Compasso d'oro en 2001.

Cerri es miembro de la Alliance Graphique Internationale, una asociación que agrupa a los más famosos gráficos, diseñadores e ilustradores mundiales.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Diseñadores de Italia
Arquitectos de Italia del siglo XX
Nacidos en Orta San Giulio

Pierluigi Cerri


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කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය යන්නෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ භෝග වගා කිරීමෙන්, සත්ව පාලනයෙන් හා වෙනත් ජීව ක්‍රමවලින්  ද්‍රව්‍යය නිපදවීමයි. කෘෂි කර්මය ගැන අධ්‍යයනය කිරීම කෘෂි විද්‍යාව නමින් හැඳින්වේ.
සත්ව පාලනය ,
මඩ ගොවිතැන,
හේන් ගොවිතැන
කෘෂි කෘෂිකර්මාන්තයේ ප්‍රධාන් අංශ 03 කි

කෘෂි  කර්මය, සත්වපාලනය,උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව,පස සහ කෘෂි නිෂ්පාදන විද්‍යාව යනාදී බොහෝ විෂයයන් 'කෘෂිකර්මය' යන්නට ඇතුළත් වේ. මෙම සෑම අංගයක්ම තව දුරටත් කොටස් කළ හැක.උදාහරණයක් වශයෙන් සත්ව පාලනය යන්නට ගව පට්ටි, එ‍ඬේර වෘත්තිය,ඇතුළත් වේ. කෘෂි නිෂ්පාදනවලට ආහාර,(එළවළු , පලතුරු, ධාන්‍යය වර්ග)කෙඳි වර්ග (කපු,ලොම්,සිල්ක්, හණ)ඉන්ධන (මීතේන්,එතනෝල්, ජෛව ඩීසල්) කැපූ මල්, විසිතුරු පැළෑටි,මල්,නිවර්තන කලාපීය මසුන් සහ සුරතල්ව ඇති කරන පක්ෂීන් නීත්‍යානුකූල හෝ නීත්‍යානුකූල නොවන මත්ද්‍රව්‍යය (drugs) සහ තවත් වැදගත් ද්‍රව්‍යයක් වූ දුමමලද ඇතුළත් වේ.මෑතදී ප්ලාස්ටික් මෙන්ම ඖෂධ වර්ග  නිපදවීම සඳහා ද වගාවන් කිරීමේ සැලසුම් සකස් කර ඇත.

කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයේ දියුණුව ලෝක ව්‍යාප්ත සමාජ - ආර්ථික වෙනස්වීම් කෙරෙහි වැදගත් සාධකයක් වී තිබීම හේතුවෙන් කෘෂිකර්මයෙහි ඉතිහාසය මානව ඉතිහාසයේ ප්‍රධාන පැති කඩකි. මිනිසා දඩයම් කරමින් ආහාර ද්‍රව්‍යය එක් රැස්කරමින්  ගත කළ යුගයේ මහා පරිමාණ ලෙස ධනය එකතු කිරීම හෝ යුධ කටයුතු සඳහා විශේෂ දැනුමක් අවශ්‍යය නොවීම. එහෙත් ගොවියා තම පවුලට අවශ්‍යය ප්‍රමාණයට වඩා වැඩියෙන් ආහාර නිපදවීමට පටන් ගත් කල්හි අනිකුත් ගෝත්‍ර /ගම් /නගර / රාජ්‍යයන්/ජාතීන්/අධි රාජ්‍යයන් වැනි අනෙකුත් කොටස්වලට ආහාර ඉපැයීමට වඩා වෙනස් කාර්යයන් කිරීමට නිදහස ලැබුනේය. ශිෂ්ටාචාරයේ දියුණුව සඳහා කෘෂි කර්මාන්තය අවශ්‍යය බව ජරේඩ් ඩයමන්ඩ් කිවූහ.

2006 වන විට ලෝකයේ කම්කරුවන්ගෙන් 36% කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයේ නියැලී ඇති බව ඇස්තමේන්තු කර තිබුණි. කාර්මීකරණය ඇරඹීමත් සමග කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයෙහි වැදගත්කම අඩු විය. 2006 වර්ෂය වන විට ආර්ථික අංශය ලෝක ජනගහනයෙන් වැඩි ප්‍රමාණයක් සේවයට ගැනීම නිසා ඉතිහාසයේ ප්‍රථම වතාවට සේවා අංශය කෘෂිකර්මය අභිබවා ගියේය. ලෝක ජනගහනයෙන් තුනෙන් එකක් කෘෂි කර්මාන්ත අංශයෙහි සේවය කළා වුවද ලෝක දළ නිෂ්පාදනයේ කෘෂි නිෂ්පාදනවලට ඇත්තේ 5% ට අඩු ප්‍රතිශතයකි.

පුරාණ කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය

ලෝකඩ යුගය වන විට, එදිනෙදා ආහාර වේලේ අංගයක් ලෙස වනාන්තරයෙන් සපයාගත් ආහාරවලට හිමිවූයේ අඩු වැදගත්කමකි."කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය" යන්නෙහි නිවැරදි වූ අර්ථකථනයට අනුව, භූමි වගා කිරීම,අස්වනු නෙළීම, සැලසුම් සහගත ජල සම්පාදනය යනාදි සියළු දෑ එයින් අර්ථ ගැන්වේ. "කෘෂිකාර්මික නිෂ්පාදකයා" යන වදන මුලින්ම යොදාගෙන ඇත්තේ ක්‍රි.පූ 5,500 දී පමණ විසූ "සුමේරියානු" ජන කොටස්වලටයි.මේ ආකාරයෙන් ඔවුහු ගොවිතැන් කටයුතුවල නියැළීම නිසා අහරින් ස්වයංපෝෂිත විය.
දඩයමින් සහ සමූහ ඒක රාශී වීම් තුළින් ලද ආහාර ප්‍රමාණයට වඩා වැඩි ජනගහණයකට පමණට ගොවිතැනින් ආහාර නිපදවිණි.මෙහිදී නිෂ්පාදන අතිරික්තයක් ඇතිවිය.එම අස්වැන්න අවාර සමයේදී පරිභෝජනය, විකිණීම හෝ හුවමාරුව ආදියටද යෙදවිණි. කෘෂිකාර්මික කටයුතුවලින් වඩා වැඩි ජනගහනයක් පෝෂණය කිරීමට ගොවීන්ට හැකිවිය. මෙහිදී ඊට දායක නොවන ජන කොටස් ස්ථාවර හමුදාවන් බිහිවීම කෙරෙහි බලපෑ තීරණාත්මක සාධකයක් විණි.

සුමේරියානු කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය රජයේ භෞතික සීමා පුළුල් කිරීමට උදවු ලබාදීමත් සමගම නගර අතර ගැටුම් ඇති වීම ආරම්භ විය. එහි ප්‍රථිඵලයක් ලෙස ඔවුන් පළමු අධිරාජ්‍යයේ නිර්මාපකයන් බවට පත්විණි.වැඩි කල් යාමට පෙර ඊජිප්තු වැසියන් හට  සශ්‍රීක නයිල් නිම්නයේ ගොවිතැනින් ජවය ලබා භූමිය ප්‍රසාරණය කිරීම සදහා අවශ්‍ය රණකාමී හමුදාවක් ගොඩ නගා ගැනීම්ට හැකිවිය.එහි ප්‍රතිඵලය නම් සුමේරියානු අධිරාජ්‍යට වඩා තුන් ගුණයක් විශාල අධිරාජ්‍යයක් නිර්මාණය කර ගැනීමට ඊජිප්තුවන් හට හැකියාව ලැබීමයි.

බෝග සංඛ්‍යානමය තොරතුරු

ලෝකය පුරා වෙනස් වැවීම් කලාපවල විශේෂිත භෝග වගා කර ඇත. FAO තක්සේරු මත පදනම්ව මෙට්‍රික් ටොන් මිලියන ගණනනින්

බෝග වර්ගය අඩුම නිෂ්පාදනය(මෙට්‍රික්ටොන් මිලියන) 2004 දත්ත

Source:
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)[30]

තනි බෝග නිෂ්පාදනය(මෙට්‍රික්ටොන් මිලියන) 2004 දත්ත

කෘෂි කාර්මික කටයුතු වලදි - ආරක්ෂාව සහ සෞඛ්යි
2001 ජුනි කැන්සාස් හි හැස්කල් පෙදෙසේ කේන්ද්‍රීය වාරි ක්‍රමයක් තිබෙන වෘත්තාකාර වගා බිමක චන්ද්‍රිකා ඡායාරූපයක් - හොඳින් වැඩුනු වගාවන් කොළ පාටින් පෙනේ. කෝර්න් වගාව හැටියට පෙනෙන සෝගම් වැඩෙන්නේ සෙමිනි. එබැවින් ඒවා කුඩා මෙන්ම සුදු මැලි පාටින් පෙනේ. තිරිඟු දීප්තිමත් රන් පැහැයෙනි. ඒ ජුනි මාසයේ අස්වැන්න නෙලීමට නියමිත හෙයිනි. ගුරු පාටින් පෙනෙන බිම් කොටස මෑතදි සීසාන ලද පෙදෙසයි.

එක්සත් ජනපදය

කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය ඇතුලත් වන්නේ බොහෝ උපද්‍රව සහිත කර්මාන්තයක් ලෙසිනි. ගොවීහු නිතර මරණීය හෝ මරණීය නොවන උපද්‍රව වලටද පෙනහලු ආබාධ, ශබ්දය නිසා හටගන්නා කර්ණ ආබාධ, සමේ රෝග සහ භාවිතා කරන කෘෂි රසායන හේතුවෙන් ඇති වන පිළිකා තත්වයන්ටද ගොදුරු වෙති. එසේම කෘෂි කර්මාන්තය යනු ගොවීන් මෙන්ම පවුලේ අයද තුවාල අසනීප සහ මරණ වලට ලක්වීමේ නැඹුරුවක් ඇති කර්මාන්තයකි.
·	සාමාන්‍යයෙන් වර්ෂයකදි ඇමරිකාවේ ගොවිබිම් වල වැඩෙහි යෙදෙන්නන්ගෙන් 516 ක් මිය යති. (1992 – 2005) මෙම මරණ වලින් 101 කට හේතු වී ඇත්තේ ට්‍රැක්ටර් පෙරලීමයි.
·	සැම දිනකම ගොවිබිම් වල වැඩෙහි යෙදෙන්නන්ගෙන් 243 දෙනෙකුට තුවාල ඇති වීම නිසා වැඩ කිරීමට නොහැකි තත්වයට පත් වෙති. මෙයින් 5% ක් ජීවිත කාලයටම බලපාන අනතුරු වේ.

තරුණ කම්කරුවන්

කෘෂි කර්මාන්තය යනු තරුණයින්ට ඉතා අනතුරු ගෙන දෙන කර්මාන්තයකි. 1992 සහ 2000 අතර කාලය තුල වැඩ කිරිමේදි අනතුරට පත් තරුණයින්ගේ සංඛ්‍යාව 42% කි. අනිකුත් කර්මාන්ත මෙන් නොව කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයේදි මෙසේ අනතුරට පත් වන තරුණයින්ගෙන් භාගයක් දෙනා අවුරුදු 15 ට අඩු අය වෙති.

වයස 15 – 17 කාණ්ඩ වල තරුණයින්ගෙන් කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයේ නියැලෙන තරුණයින්ට ඇති වන මරණීය තුවාල වෙනත් ක්ෂේත්‍රයන්ට වඩා සිව් ගුණයකින් වැඩිය. කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයේදි තරුණයින්ට යන්ත්‍ර සූත්‍ර වැනි අනතුරු විය හැකි උපකරණ සමගද, සීමිත ප්‍රදේශ වලද, උස් ස්ථාන වලද, සතුන් සමගද, වැඩ කිරීමට සිදු වේ.
·	2004 වර්ෂයේදි අවුරුදු 20 ට අඩු ළමයින් සහ තරුණයින් මිලියන 1.26 ක් ගොවිබිම් වල ජීවත් වූ අතර එයින් 699,000 ක් ඒවායේ වැඩ කළහ. ගොවිපල වල ජීවත් වන තරුණයින්ට අමතරව තවත් අතිරේක 337,000 ක් ළමයි සහ තරුණයින් 2004 වර්ෂයේදි එක්සත් ජනපදය විසින් කුලියට ගෙන තිබුනි.
·	1990 – 1996 කාලය තුල ගොවිපලවල් වල සිදු වූ ළමා මරණ සංඛ්‍යාවේ සාමාන්‍යය 103 කි. මෙයින් 40% ක ප්‍රමාණයක් මිය ගොස් ඇත්තේ ගොවිපලේ වැඩ කරමින් සිටියදීය.
·	2004 දී ළමයින් සහ තරුණයින් 27600 ක් ගොවි බිම් වලදි තුවාල ලබා ඇත. මෙයින් 8100 ක් දෙනා තුවාල ලබා ඇත්තේ වැඩ කරමින් සිටියදීය.

පාරිසරික අර්බුද
වොෂින්ටන් රාජ්‍ය විශ්ව විද්‍යාලය අසල තිරිඟු යායක තදබල ලෙස පස සෝදා පාලු වීම. (2005)

කෘෂිකර්මාන්තයේදි පාරිසරික ප්‍රශ්නද මතුවේ. එසේ වන්නේ එය ස්වභාවික පරිසරය වෙනස් කරන බැවිනි. කෘෂිකර්මය නිසා විනාශකාරි අතුරු ප්‍රතිඵල ඇතිවේ. එවැනි හානිදායක ප්‍රතිපල කීපයක් නම්.

එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සංවිධානයට අනුව සත්ව පාලනය අංශක (මූලික වශයෙන් ගව, කුකුළු  සහ ඌරන්) ඉතා බරපතල පාරිසරික ප්‍රශ්න මතු කරන සාධකයක් වී තිබේ. කෘෂිකර්මය සඳහා යොදා ගන්නා ඉඩම් වලින් 70% ක් පශු නිෂ්පාදන කටයුතු වලට වෙන්ව පවතින අතර එය පෘථිවි තලයෙහි බිමෙන් සියයට 30% ක ප්‍රමාණයකි. එය බොහෝ සෙයින් හරිතාගාර වායු පරිසරයට එක් කරන අංශ වලින් එකකි. ඒ ප්‍රමාණය 18% කි. අනිකුත් අංශ සමග සන්සන්දනය කළ විට ප්‍රවාහණ ක්ෂේත්‍රයේදි මෙය 13.5% කි. අම්ල වර්ෂා සහ පරිසර පද්ධති ආම්ලිකරණය කිරීමට හේතුවක් වන ඇමෝනියා ප්‍රමාණය 64% ක් උත්පාදනය කරයි.

ජෛව විවිධත්වය
බෝග හා පසු සම්පත් ජෛව විවිධත්වයේ ජාන හායනය සිදු වනු ලබන්නේ ප්‍රභේද ප්‍රතිස්ථාපනය භූමි එලි කිරීම, සත්ත්ව වර්ග අධි ශුරා කෑම, ජනගහන ඝනත්වය, පාරිසතරික හායනය, අධික උලාකෑම, ඔප්පු හා වෙනස් වන කෘෂිකාර්මික පද්ධති වල ප්‍රධාන 	සාධක කිහිපයක් මගිනි.

කෙසේ නමුත් මෙහි ප්‍රධාන සාධකය වන්නේ දේශීය ශාක හා සත්ත්ව ප්‍රභේද අධි ඵලදා ලබාදෙන හෝ විදේශ ප්‍රභේද වලින් ප්‍රතිස්ථාපනයයි. සාම්ප්‍රධායික ගොවිතැන් පද්ධති වලට වාණිජමය ප්‍රභේද (GMO ඇතුළුව) ඇතුළත් කළ විට බොහෝ විට ප්‍රභේද විශාල සංඛ්‍යාවක් අතිශයින් අඩුවීමට ලක්විය.  බොහෝමයක් පර්යේෂඛයන් විශ්වාස කරන්නේ කෘෂි පරිසර පද්ධති කළමණා කරණයට අදාල ප්‍රධාන ප්‍රශ්නය වන්නේ නූතන කෘෂිකර්මාන්තයේ දියුණුව මගින් ඇතිවු ජානමය හා පරිසර විද්‍යාත්මක ඒකාකාරීත්වය කෙරෙහි සාමාන්‍යයෙන් නැඹුරුතාව බවයි.

කෘෂි කර්මාන්තයේ සත්ත්ව පශු පාලනයේදී හරිත විප්ලවය මගින්, අධි පලදා ප්‍රභේද නිර්මාණ කිරීම හරහා පලදාව වැඩි කර ගැනීමට සාම්ප්‍රදායික දෙමුහුන් කරනයේ භාවිතය ව්‍යාප්ත කරන ලදී. බොහෝ විට විශාල ශාක හා සත්ත්ව අභි ජනන මුහුම් කරණය වීම දියුණු රටවල සිදු වු අතර දේශීය දේශ ගුණ හා රෝග වලට ප්‍රති රෝධයක් දක්වන අධි ඵලදා ප්‍රභේද නිර්මාණය කිරීම සදහා පසුව ඒවා දේශීය ප්‍රභේද සමග මුහුම් කරණය කිරීම සිදු කරනු ලැබේ. කාර්යය ඵලය වැඩිකර ගැනීම සදහා දේශීය ප්‍රභේද මුහුම් කරණය මගින් කාලයත් සමග දේශීය අභිජනන නැතිවීමට හේතු විය හැකි අතර දේශීය තත්ත්ව සදහා අභිජනකයා විශේෂිතව ඇතුළත් කරගත් ජානමය ද්‍රව්‍යයද නැතිවී යා හැකිය. ලෝකය හරාහා සමස්ථයක් ලෙස නිරීක්ෂණය කිරීමේදී ජාන විවිධත්වය හා ජෛන විවිධත්වය සිදු වන නැතිවී යාම නිසා ආහාර සැපයුම අනතුරකට පත්වී ඇති බව දැක ගත හැක. එයට හේතුව අතශයින් විශේෂිත අධි ජනකයෙක් බලවත් අභිජනන වැඩ සටහනක් සමග අභිජනනය කිරීම සිදු කරත් එම අභිජනකයා නව රෝග හෝ පරිසර උකහා ගැනීම සදහා අළුශ්‍ය තරම් ජානමය ද්‍රව්‍ය වලින් සමන්විත නොවිය හැකිය.

ජානමය වශයෙන් නවීකරණය කරන ලද ජීවියෙක් (GMO) යනු සාමාන්‍යයෙන් ප්‍රතිසංයෝජන DNA තාක්ෂණය ලෙස සාමාන්‍යයෙන් හදුන්වන ජානමය ඉංජිනේරු තාක්ෂණ ක්‍රමය යොදා ගනිමින් ජානමය ද්‍රව්‍ය වෙනස් කර ඇති ජීවින්ය. වර්ථමානයේදී ජානමය ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාව ජානමය ද්‍රෂණය සිදු කරන තවත් සංකිර්ණ හා ප්‍රබල සාධකයක් බවට පත්ව ඇත. එයට හේතුව වන්නේ සාම්ප්‍රදායික මුහුම් කරණය සමග කිසිලෙසකින්වත් පරිසරය සමග මුසුවිය නොහැකි විද්‍යාගාර වල කෘතිමව නිර්මාණය කරන ලද හා ජානමය වශයෙන් ඉංජිනේරු ගත කළ ශාක හා සතුන්ට ඔවුන් විසින්ම ජීවත් වීම හා අභිජනනය කිරීම සිදු කර ගත හැකි අතර වඩාත් අන්තරායක දෙය වන්නේ ස්වාභාවිකව සිටින ප්‍රභේද සමග අන්තර් අභිජනනය කිරීමේ හැකියාවයි. ජානමය වශයෙන් නවීකරණය කරන ලද (GM) බෝග වර්ථමානයේදී ජානමය දුෂණය සදහා පොදු ප්‍රභව බවට‍පත්ව ඇත. වල් ප්‍රභේද පමණක් නොව ගෘහස්ථ ප්‍රභේද ද ව්‍යුත්පන්න වී ඇත්තේ සාපේක්ෂක ස්වාභාවික මුහුම් කරණය මගින්ය.

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture
ජීව විද්‍යාව

කෘෂි කර්මාන්තය


Indianapolis Colts este o echipă de fotbal american din Indianapolis, Indiana, Statele Unite. Ei sunt membri ai Diviziei de Sud a American Football Conference (AFC) în National Football League (NFL). Colts este membră a NFL din 1953 de când s-a înființat în Baltimore. Colts a jucat în două Super Bowls în timp ce se afla în Baltimore, pierzând împotriva New York Jets în Super Bowl III și învingând Dallas Cowboys în Super Bowl V. Colts s-a mutat în Indianapolis în 1984 și de atunci a apărut în play-off de 16 ori, a câștigat de două ori titlul pe conferință și un Super Bowl, în care i-au învins pe Chicago Bears în Super Bowl XLI.

Note

Legături externe
 Site-ul oficial al Indianapolis Colts

Indianapolis Colts
Echipe National Football League
Fondări în 1953

Indianapolis Colts


Topplundi (fræðiheiti: Fratercula cirrhata) er fugl af svartfuglaætt.

Tenglar

Lundar

Topplundi


Greystone station is a commuter rail stop on the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line, located in the Greystone neighborhood of Yonkers, New York.

As of August 2006, daily commuter ridership was 513 and there are 250 parking spots.

History
Greystone station was originally built in 1899 by developer Charles Harriman as "Harriman station" for the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, who insisted that he rename the station "Greystone" in 1910. A pedestrian bridge was built in 1915. As with many NYCRR stations in Westchester County, the station became a Penn Central station upon the merger between NYC and Pennsylvania Railroad in 1968, until it was taken over by Conrail in 1976, and then by Metro-North in 1983.

Station layout
The station has two high-level side platforms, each eight cars long.

References

External links

 Entrance from Google Maps Street View
 Platforms from Google Maps Street View

Metro-North Railroad stations in New York (state)
Former New York Central Railroad stations
Transportation in Yonkers, New York
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1899
Railway stations in Westchester County, New York

Greystone station


A Igreja Batista da Avenida Franklin () é uma megaigreja batista multissítio com sede em Nova Orleans, Luisiana, nos Estados Unidos, membra da Convenção Batista do Sul. O pastor principal da igreja é Fred Luter.

História
A igreja foi fundada em Nova Orleans em 1940. Em 1986, Fred Luter tornou-se pastor sênior da igreja, que tinha 65 membros. Em 1997, ela fez a dedicação de um novo prédio, incluindo um auditório para 2.000 lugares. Em 2005, quando a igreja tinha 7.000 membros, o furacão Katrina, inundou suas instalações e muitos membros deixaram a cidade. Em 2006, abriu campi em Baton Rouge e Houston. Em 2008, a igreja reabriu suas instalações reformadas na Franklin Avenue.    Em 2018, tinha 6.000 membros e fez a dedicação de um novo prédio, incluindo um auditório de 3.500 lugares.

Ver também
 Culto
 Aliança Evangélica Mundial
 Igreja de crentes

Ligações externas

Igrejas batistas dos Estados Unidos
Igrejas batistas multissítio
Megaigrejas batistas
Igrejas da Luisiana

Igreja Batista da Avenida Franklin


White County may refer to:

 White County, New South Wales, Australia
 White County, Arkansas, United States
 White County, Georgia, United States
 White County, Illinois, United States
 White County, Indiana, United States
 White County, Tennessee, United States

County name disambiguation pages

ru:Округ Уайт

White County


Simon Proulx-Sénécal, né le 6 décembre 1991, est un patineur artistique sur glace canadien et arménien, qui danse avec sa partenaire Tina Garabedian depuis 2015.

Biographie

Carrière sportive

Palmarès
Avec sa partenaire Tina Garabedian

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en décembre 1997
Patineur artistique arménien
Personnalité canadienne née d'un parent arménien
Patineur artistique aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022

Simon Proulx-Sénécal


William Laurence Brown (* 7. Januar 1755 in Utrecht; † 11. Mai 1830 in Aberdeen) war ein schottischer evangelischer Theologe und Moralphilosoph.

Leben
Der Sohn des Predigers der englischen Gemeinde in Utrecht William Brown (* 1719; † 10. Januar 1791) und dessen Frau Janet Ogilvy (* 11. Mai 1724, † Mai 1813) zog 1757 mit seiner Familie nach Schottland, wo sein Vater Professor für Kirchengeschichte in St. Andrews wurde. Nach einer gymnasialen Grundbildung in St. Andrews bezog er als Zwölfjähriger die University of St Andrews, wo er sich dem Studium der klassischen Literatur, Logik und Ethik widmete. Nach fünf Jahren erwarb er den akademischen Grad eines Masters und widmete sich im Anschluss dem Studium der Theologie. 1774 besuchte er zu diesem Zweck die Universität Utrecht, wo er zudem die Vorlesungen zum bürgerlichen Recht verfolgte. Nach dem Tod seines Onkels Robert Brown bat die englische Gemeinde darum, dass er dessen Aufgabe übernehmen solle.

Hierzu kehrte er nach Schottland zurück, wo er die Zulassung und Ordinierung in St. Andrews erhielt und im März 1778 Pfarrer der englischen Gemeinde in Utrecht wurde. Während seiner Utrechter Pfarrzeit unternahm er Ausflüge nach Deutschland, in die Schweiz und nach Frankreich, um sein Wissen zu erweitern. Nachdem er sich an wissenschaftlichen Preisausschreiben erfolgreich beteiligt hatte, erhielt er 1784 von der University of St Andrews den theologischen Doktorgrad. Als Anhänger des Hauses Oranien Nassau musste er während des Patriotenschwindels von 1786/87 manche Anfeindungen erfahren. Als die Preußen in die Batavische Republik einmarschiert waren, wendete sich für ihn das Blatt zum Positiven.

Am 24. Dezember 1787 beriefen ihn die Kuratoren der Utrechter Hochschule zum Professor der Kirchengeschichte und Ethik. Diese Aufgabe übernahm am 14. Februar 1789 mit der Rede de Religionis et Philosophise Societate et Concordia maxime salutari (Utrecht 1788). Nachdem er sich auch an den organisatorischen Aufgaben der Utrechter Hochschule 1789/90 als Rektor der Alma Mater beteiligt hatte, übertrug man ihm zudem am 29. März 1790 die Professur des Naturrechts, welche Tätigkeit er mit der Rede de imaginatione in vitae institutione regundae (Utrecht 1790) antrat. Als 1795 französische Truppen in die Batavische Republik einmarschierten, musste er nach England flüchten. Nach einer stürmischen Überfahrt kam er gemeinsam mit seinen fünf Kindern und seiner Frau zunächst in London unter.

Da George Campbell (1719–1796) beabsichtigte, in Ruhestand zu treten, suchte man einen geeigneten Nachfolger für den Lehrstuhl der Theologie an der University of Aberdeen. Auf Fürsprache des einstigen britischen Botschafters in den Niederlanden fand man diesen in Brown. Nachdem er im Sommer 1795 den Lehrstuhl übernommen hatte, wurde er fünf Monate später Rektor der Einrichtung. 1800 ernannte man ihn zum Prediger des Königs in Schottland und 1804 wurde er Dekan der Chapel Royal. Im selben Jahr wurde er auch Dekan des Distelordens. Der konservative Theologe trat auch als Dichter in Erscheinung.

Familie
Brown hatte sich am 28. Mai 1786 in Utrecht mit seiner Cousine Anne Elizabeth Brown (* 11. Juni 1764, † 2. September 1842), die Tochter des Pfarrers der englischen Gemeinde in Utrecht Robert Brown (* 9. Dezember 1728, † 5. Januar 1777) und dessen Frau Catherine Kinloch, verheiratet. Aus der Ehe stammen fünf Söhne und vier Töchter. Bekannt sind:
 William Robert Brown (* 13. April 1787, † 1859, Portsmouth, Hampshire, England)
 Laurence George Brown (* 23. Juli 1788)
 Catherine Mary Ann Brown (* 23. Mai 1790)
 Joanna Elizabeth Brown (* 1. Mai 1791)
 Robert James Brown (* 23. Dezember 1792 in Utrecht, † 7. Dezember 1872)
 Ann Elizabeth Brown (* 2. Februar 1795, † 19. November 1847)
 John Moore Brown (* 3. November 1797) * Helen Jane Brown (3. November 1797, † 1. Oktober 1848)
 Dr. George Gilbert Brown (* 9. Februar 1800, † 24. März 1873)

Werke (Auswahl)
 Leerredenen over de teekenen des tijds. Utrecht, 1793
 Essay on Scepticism. London, 1788.
 Essay on the Natural Equality of Men. Edinburgh 1703. 2. Aufl. London, 1794
 Funeral Sermon on the Death of Dr. Campbell. Aberdeen. 1796
 The Influence of Religion on National Prosperity, a sermon preached on a Fast day. Aberdeen, 1796
 The Proper Method of Defending Religions Truth in times of Infidelity. A Synod sermon. Aberdeen, 1797
 Substance of a speech delivered in the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, on Wednesday 28th May 1800, on the question respecting the settlement at Kingsbarns of the Rev. Dr. Robert Arnot, Professor of Divinity in St. Mary's College, St. Andrews. Aberdeen, 1800.
 Volume of Sermons. Edinburgh, 1803,
 Philemon, or the Progress of Virtue, a poem. Edinburgh, 1809, 2 Bde.
 An Examination of the Causes and Condnct of the present War with France, and of the most effectual means of obtaining Peace. London, 1798, (anonym veröffentlicht)
 Letters to the Rev. for. George Hill, Principal of St. Mary's College, St. Andrews. Aberdeen, 1801,
 Remarks on Certain Passages of an Examination of Mr. Dugald Stewart's Pamphlet, on the election of a Mathematical Professor in the University of Edinburgh. Aberdeen, 1806,
 A Sermon on the Jubilee. Aberdeen, 1810,
 Essay on the Existence of a Supreme Being possessed of Infinite Wisdom, Power, and Goodness, containing also the Refutation of the Objections urged against his Wisdom and Goodness. Aberdeen, 1816, 2 Bde.

Literatur
 Abraham Jacob van der Aa: Biographisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden. Verlag J. J. van Brederode, Haarlem, 1855, 2. Bd., 2. Teil, S. 1449, (Online, niederländisch)
 Molhuysen: BROWN (William Laurence). In: Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen, Petrus Johannes Blok: Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek. (NNBW), Verlag A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgevers-Maatschappij, Leiden, 1918, Bd. 4, Sp. 321, (niederländisch)
 William Anderson: The Scottish nation: or The surnames, families, literature, honours, and biographical history of the people of Scotland. Verlag A. Fullarton, Edinburg, 1862, Bd. 1, S. 397, (Online, englisch)
 John Mackintosh: The history of Civilisation in Scotland. Verlag Alexander Gardner, London, 1896, Bd. 4, S. 218 (englisch)
 The Encyclopaedia Britannica, or Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Miscellaneous Literature. Verlag Adam Black, Edinburg, 1842, Bd. 5, Teil 2, 7. Auflage, S. 598 (Online, englisch)

Weblinks
 William Laurence Browns Genealogie
 bedeutende Schotten bei electricscotland
 Catalogus Professorum Academiae Rheno-Traiectinae

Reformierter Theologe (18. Jahrhundert)
Reformierter Theologe (19. Jahrhundert)
Moralphilosoph
Hochschullehrer (University of Aberdeen)
Rektor (Universität Utrecht)
Schotte
Brite
Geboren 1755
Gestorben 1830
Mann

William Laurence Brown


Moderato Wisintainer, almennt einfaldlega þekktur sem Moderato) (f. 14. júlí 1902 - d. 31. janúar 1986) var knattspyrnumaður frá Brasilíu. Hann keppti fyrir hönd þjóðar sinnar í Copa America 1925 og  á fyrstu heimsmeistarakeppninni í Úrúgvæ.

Ævi og ferill
Moderato fæddist í Alegrete og hóf sem unglingur að leika með félaginu Esporte Clube 14 de Julho. Þaðan lá leiðin til Cruzeiro frá borginni Belo Horizonte, sem þá gekk raunar undir heitinu Palestra Itália. Árið 1923 gekk hann í raðir stórliðsins Flamengo frá Rio de Janeiro þar sem hann lék til ársins 1930. Það var hjá Flamengo sem frægðarsól Moderato reis hvað hæst. Hann varð Ríó-meistari með liðinu árin 1925 og 1927. Í síðara skiptið vakti hann mikla aðdáun fyrir að skora sigurmarkið í úrslitaleiknum þrátt fyrir að vera íklæddur miklum hlífðarbúnaði eftir botnlangaskurðaðgerð fáinum dögum fyrr.

Í Suður-Ameríkukeppninni 1925 varð Brasilía í öðru sæti af aðeins þremur þátttökuliðum, þar sem Argentína fór með sigur af hólmi. Moderato lék alla fjóra leiki Brasilíu í keppninni. Landsleikirnir urðu ekki nema fimm talsins. Sá síðasti kom á HM í Úrúgvæ 1930. Moderato var ekki í liðinu í fyrri leik Brasilíu í keppninni, tapi á móti Júgóslavíu sem gerði í raun út um allar vonir um að komast áfram í keppninni. Hann fékk hins vegar tækifærið á móti Bólivíu í seinni viðureigninni og skoraði þar tvö mörk í 4:0 sigri.

Eftir að knattspyrnuferlinum lauk starfaði Moderato sem verkfræðingur. Hann lést í Pelotas árið 1986, 83 ára að aldri.

Heimildir

Brasilískir knattspyrnumenn

Moderato Wisintainer


Yonathan Jesús Fernández, né le  à Punta Arenas, est un fondeur et biathlète chilien.

Biographie

Fernández prend part à sa première compétition mondial aux Jeux mondiaux militaires d'hiver de 2013 au Grand-Bornand. En 2014, il se qualifie pour ses premiers jeux olympiques à Sotchi, où il réalise le  du sprint libre (lors duquel il chute dans un virage), avant de porter le drapeau chilien à la cérémonie de clôture. Il court ensuite les Championnats du monde en 2015, 2017, 2019 et 2021. Entre-temps, il honore sa deuxième sélection olympique en 2018 à Pyeongchang, pour un résultat de  sur le quinze kilomètres libre. Pour cette compétition, il s'entraîne avec les fondeurs Pita Taufatofua et German Madrazo.

En décembre 2021, il est convié aux courses de Coupe du monde à Davos.

En parallèle, il dispute l'IBU Cup de biathlon à partir de 2013.

Références

Liens externes

Fondeur chilien
Biathlète
Fondeur aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2014
Fondeur aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2018
Fondeur aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022
Naissance en avril 1986
Naissance à Punta Arenas

Yonathan Jesús Fernández


El Gen 11 del rotavirus codifica una proteína estructural, NSP5 y también codifica NSP6, de un cabo de la fase de lectura abierta. En contraste con los otros rotavirus con proteínas no estructurales, NSP6 se encontró que tenía un alto índice de rotación, que se degrada completamente dentro de 2 horas de la síntesis. NSP6 resultó ser una secuencia de ácido nucleico independiente de la proteína de unión, con afinidades similares para ssRNA y dsRNA.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Proteína viral

NSP6 (rotavirus)


Šiška ili cecidija je izraslina na biljnom tkivu okrugla ili kuglasta oblika, različitih veličina. Može se razviti na svim dijelovima biljke, a može biti gola ili obrasla. Šiške nastaju djelovanjem nekih vrsta kukaca, grinja, oblića, fitopatogenih gljiva i bakterija. Od kukaca su najčešći uzročnici stvaranja šiškâ mušice šiškarice (lat. Cecidomydae) i ose šiškarice (lat. Cynipidae), zatim lisne buhe (lat. Psyllidae), neke lisne uši (lat. Aphididae), štitaste uši (lat. Coccoidae), od grinja (lat. Acarinae) grinje šiškarice (Eriophydae), a od fitopatogenih gljiva vrste roda Taphrina (T. populina, na topoli, i T. betulae, na brezi), roda Exobasidium (E. rhododendri i E. vaccini – na rododendronima). Na listu hrasta tvorbu šiškâ izaziva osica Cynips gallae tinctoria, a na ružama Rhodites rosae.

Tanin ili treslovina

Tanin (franc. tannin: treslovina) ili treslovina je prirodni organski spoj, uglavnom ester aromatskih hidroksikarboksilnih kiselina (na primjer galna kiselina) s viševalentnim alkoholima ili šećerima. Treslovine se nalaze u dijelovima mnogih biljaka, posebno u šiškama, od kojih se najčešće dobivaju. Crnomu čaju daju gorak okus, utječu na kvalitetu crnih vina. Reagiraju s bjelančevinama, želatinu čine netopljivom te su se prije često koristili za štavljenje kože, stežu tkivo, pa služe kao adstringens, a koriste se i kao tekstilna bojila.

Željezno-galno crnilo ili tinta

Tinta je prvi put uporabljena u 3. tisućljeću pr. Kr. u Kini. Bila je načinjena od čađe koja daje pigment, smole u funkciji ljepila i vode kao otapala. Sve do 12. stoljeća na taj su se način izrađivali i koristili takozvani kineski ili indijski tuševi kojima su napisani danas najstariji sačuvani zapisi, posebice orijentalni. Zbog nepostojanosti zapisa pisanih takvom tintom, jer se mogla isprati vodom, od 12. stoljeća potiskivala su ju željezno-galna crnila, koja su potjecala još iz antičkoga doba. Ta su se crnila izrađivala od strugotina željeza ili od modre galice, vina, octa ili kvasa, iskuhanih šiški koje daju tanin te ljepila. Na sličan su se način radile boje za kosu, obuću i druge predmete. Zbog oksidacije i prodiranja duboko u podlogu, takva je tinta ostajala stabilna i trajna, te je i nakon njezina izbljeđivanja bilo moguće pročitati napisano. Tako su sačuvani mnogobrojni rukopisi u obliku palimpsesta (rukopis na papirusu ili pergamentu s kojega je izbrisan prvotni tekst i na njegovu mjestu napisan novi). U slučaju prejake oksidacije oštećenja su na pisanoj podlozi nepopravljiva.

Sve do tridesetih godina 20. stoljeća željezno-galna tinta bila jedan od najčešće korištenih materijala za pisanje. Hrastove šiške (lat. gallae) bile su osnovna sirovina za njezinu izradu. Susrećemo ih na hrastu lužnjaku, kitnjaku, sladunu, meduncu i drugim hrastovima iz roda Quercus. Riječ je o kuglastim izraslinama nastalima ubodom ose šiškarice u mlade grančice na mjestu zametka (pupa) nove grančice. Na ozlijeđenom mjestu počinje se razvijati tvorevina u obliku dosta pravilne kugle, nešto manja od oraha, koja zapravo čuva ličinku, kukuljicu ose, od neprijatelja te je ujedno i hrani. Te šiške su skupljane da bi poslužile kao osnovna sirovina za izradu tinte. Glavni im je sastojak treslovina (tanin). Udio tanina doseže i do 70 %. Prema kemijskom sastavu, on je ester galne kiseline, C6H2(OH)3COOH·H2O. Sama galna kiselina nastaje u procesu hidrolize tanina. Bilo je poželjno prikupiti šiške prije nego što se mlada osa izlegne, kako bi sadržavale što više tanina. Vezano za kvalitetu šiški, treba istaknuti da su posebno cijenjene bile šiške iz Istre koje su na tržište dolazile pod nazivom galla d'Istria. Da bi se iz hrastovih šiški dobila crna željezno-galna tinta, trebalo je dodati željezove ione (zelena galica ili željezov(II) sulfat).

Nakon što su otopini galne kiseline dodani ioni željeza (iz zelene galice), nastajali su tamno obojeni željeznogalni spojevi, koji su prema kemijskom sastavu soli galne kiseline, takozvani galati. Crno obojenje tinte nije nastajalo odmah, već je najprije dobivan smeđe obojeni materijal. Tek nakon što bi takvom smeđom tintom slova bila ispisana, ona bi u dodiru sa zrakom pocrnjela. Na kemijskoj razini, reakcijom galne kiseline iz tanina hrastovih šiški sa zelenom galicom najprije je nastajao bezbojni željezov(II) galotanat u kojem je ion željeza dvovalentan (Fe2+). Izlaganjem zraku i procesom oksidacije razvijala se crna boja od nastalog željezova(III) galotanata u kojem je ion željeza trovalentan (Fe3+). Za potpunu oksidaciju potrebno je sedam do deset dana.

Slike

Izvor

Vanjske poveznice

Ljekovito bilje
Biljni proizvodi

Šiška


La seconde présidence de Jacques Chirac est une période de l'histoire de France qui s'étend du  au .

Gouvernement de Jean-Pierre Raffarin (2002-2005)

Lionel Jospin lui ayant aussitôt remis sa démission, il nomme un membre de Démocratie libérale, Jean-Pierre Raffarin comme Premier ministre, lequel gouverne par ordonnances pendant quelques semaines. Chirac est investi pour un second mandat le 16 mai 2002, la veille de son début officiel.

L'UMP, alors créée par l'association du RPR, de Démocratie libérale et d'une large partie de l'UDF, remporte largement les élections législatives suivantes, et obtient la majorité absolue à l'Assemblée nationale, avec 365 des sièges. Jacques Chirac peut à nouveau s'appuyer sur une majorité parlementaire. Il s'appuie également sur un groupe de députés UDF réduit à 30 membres, et nomme un seul ministre issu de ce parti, Gilles de Robien, député-maire d'Amiens.

Jean-Pierre Raffarin entame la mise en œuvre de certaines des promesses de la campagne : baisse de l'impôt sur le revenu et multiplication d'actions ciblées contre la délinquance, avec son très médiatique et populaire ministre de l'Intérieur, Nicolas Sarkozy, et contre l'insécurité routière, avec le ministre des transports Gilles de Robien. Viendront ensuite l'assouplissement des 35 heures, la réforme des retraites et de la sécurité sociale, la décentralisation.

Du  au , Jacques Chirac est présent au sommet de la Terre qui s'est tenu à Johannesburg. Il est accompagné par des représentants de quelques entreprises françaises des secteurs des services essentiels, et par des ONG. Il affirme, dans le cadre d'une intervention restée célèbre : « Notre maison brûle et nous regardons ailleurs ».

La situation internationale, marquée par l'attentat du 11 septembre, voit l'intensification de la politique étrangère du président des États-Unis, George W. Bush, avec qui Jacques Chirac s'entend mal. S'il l'avait soutenu lors de l'intervention en Afghanistan, il place la France, aux côtés de l'Allemagne dirigée par Gerhard Schröder, la Russie dirigée par Vladimir Poutine et la Chine Populaire de Hu Jintao, comme l'opposante principale des États-Unis contre l'invasion de l'Irak. Épaulé par son ministre des Affaires étrangères, Dominique de Villepin, il obtient que les États-Unis passent par l'ONU avant toute intervention. Profitant d'un large consensus national sur la question, Jacques Chirac se fait le chantre d'un « monde multipolaire ». Soutenu par les opinions publiques européennes mais seulement par quelques dirigeants (le belge Guy Verhofstadt et l'allemand Gerhard Schröder), il s'oppose aux États-Unis, soutenus par huit gouvernements ouest-européens (dont le Royaume-Uni, l'Italie et l'Espagne) et dix pays est-européens et laisse entendre qu'il utilisera son droit de veto au Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies tant que la situation n'évoluera pas. Cette annonce lui vaut une campagne hostile, notamment dans une partie des médias anglo-saxons (The Sun titre alors « Chirac is a worm » — « Chirac est un ver »). Les relations avec les États-Unis deviennent exécrables, ne commençant à se normaliser qu'à partir de la commémoration du débarquement en Normandie, quinze mois plus tard. Pour les politologues Bertrand Badie et Christian Lequesne, la France se rapproche des États-Unis dès 2003, selon le premier pour  ; selon le second parce que, après les attentats du 11 septembre 2001, .

Lors du défilé militaire du 14 juillet 2002, Maxime Brunerie, un jeune militant d'extrême droite, tente d'assassiner Jacques Chirac.

Au lendemain d'une défaite massive aux élections cantonales et régionales de 2004 (20 des 22 régions de France métropolitaine passent ou repassent à gauche), il nomme Nicolas Sarkozy ministre d'État, ministre de l'Économie, des finances et de l'industrie : la plupart des éditorialistes politiques (dont ceux du Canard enchaîné, du Nouvel observateur et de l'Express) y voient un moyen de contrer sa popularité toujours aussi forte (contrairement à celle du Premier ministre, au plus bas dans les sondages). Face aux ambitions présidentielles affichées par Nicolas Sarkozy, il le met en demeure, lors de son allocution du , de choisir entre son fauteuil et le poste de président de l'UMP. En novembre, Nicolas Sarkozy est élu président du parti et quitte son ministère, alors confié à Hervé Gaymard. En , celui-ci est contraint à la démission à la suite d'un scandale très médiatisé et est remplacé par le PDG de France Télécom, Thierry Breton.

L'assassinat de Rafiq Hariri, riche homme d'affaires et ancien premier ministre libanais, le 14 février 2005, est vécu comme un drame personnel par Jacques Chirac : il existait une amitié de longue date entre les deux hommes. Rafiq Hariri avait contribué au financement des campagnes électorales de Jacques Chirac depuis 1981 et il semble avoir exercé une influence importante sur la politique étrangère de la France au Moyen-Orient. Jacques Chirac contribue à la création du Tribunal spécial des Nations unies pour le Liban destiné à poursuivre les assassins de Rafic Hariri, initiative qui ne se concrétisera qu'après la fin de son mandat, le . Après son départ de l'Élysée en 2007, le couple Chirac s'installera dans un appartement parisien prêté par la famille Hariri.

Pour impliquer les Français dans la Constitution européenne, Jacques Chirac décide qu'un référendum sera organisé pour la ratification de celle-ci, à organiser au plus vite afin de remporter le scrutin. Désormais favorable à l'entrée de la Turquie dans l'Union européenne (son « vœu le plus cher »), il voit une partie de sa majorité s'opposer à cette perspective, ce qui vient brouiller les cartes du référendum : le , les Vingt-cinq décident l'ouverture de négociations avec la Turquie. Le projet de directive Bolkestein détourne une partie de l'inquiétude sociale grandissante sur l'Europe, malgré les tentatives de désamorçage du président. Dans un contexte de quasi-unanimité en faveur du « oui » des partis de gouvernement et des médias, les sondages s'inversent trois fois, le débat enflamme les Français et mobilise les médias jusqu'au jour du référendum.

Gouvernement de Dominique de Villepin (2005-2007)

Le , après une campagne marquée par l'implication personnelle du président, le « non » l'emporte avec 54,68 % des voix et avec une forte participation de 69,74 %. Le surlendemain, Jean-Pierre Raffarin démissionne ; Jacques Chirac annonce son remplacement par un duo formé par Dominique de Villepin et Nicolas Sarkozy : l'un comme Premier ministre, l'autre comme ministre d'État, rejoignant le ministère de l'Intérieur. La presse se déchaîne contre le peu de changement des membres du gouvernement mais est intriguée par la « cohabitation » des deux (on parle de « vice-Premier ministre »). Jean-Louis Borloo, un temps pressenti, élargit son ministère en devenant ministre de l'Emploi, de la Cohésion sociale et du Logement.

Jacques Chirac entame alors un bras de fer avec Tony Blair (qui prend la présidence de l'Union), sur le budget de l'Union. Cette confrontation s'étend à la candidature de Paris et Londres pour les Jeux olympiques d'été de 2012 où les deux hommes s'impliquent personnellement. Les Français partent favoris et espèrent contrer la morosité qui s'abat sur le pays, mais, le 6 juillet, Londres est choisie par le CIO. Le , lors d'un sommet franco-italien, Jacques Chirac reproche à la Commission européenne de ne pas lutter contre des licenciements chez Hewlett-Packard, ce qui fait réagir le président de la Commission qui qualifie cette accusation de « démagogie », estimant que le sujet est du domaine national.

Le projet de Charte de l'environnement voit le jour. Il a été voulu par le président Chirac, conseillé par une commission d'experts. Le texte de la Charte de l'environnement est adopté le  par le Parlement réuni en congrès, et promulgué officiellement par Jacques Chirac le  mars. Il figure désormais dans le préambule de la Constitution de la . C'est la Cour de cassation qui reprend maintenant les travaux d'adaptation juridique nécessaires.

Depuis le référendum, les sondages de popularité le concernant sont au plus bas et ne remontent que lentement. Le , il est hospitalisé à l'hôpital militaire du Val-de-Grâce, pour un accident vasculaire cérébral (ou attaque cérébrale) ayant entrainé un léger trouble de la vision qui disparaît en quelques jours. Il en sort le , mais ne doit pas prendre l'avion pendant quelques semaines. Le Premier ministre Dominique de Villepin représente alors la France au sommet de l'ONU le . Il peine à masquer la rivalité qui l'oppose à Nicolas Sarkozy, rendue plus aigüe depuis l'accident du président. Fin 2005, selon un sondage, 1 % des Français souhaitent que Jacques Chirac soit le candidat de l'UMP à l'élection présidentielle de 2007. En outre, un Français sur trois déclare souhaiter que le chef de l'État démissionne de l'Élysée pour provoquer une présidentielle anticipée. La plupart des éditorialistes affirment que Jacques Chirac ne se représentera pas en 2007 mais Patrick Devedjian pense le contraire; Jacques Chirac demande au début de l'année 2006 à Nicolas Sarkozy et Dominique de Villepin, « de la retenue » en attendant que la question de sa succession vienne à l'ordre du jour.

À partir de la fin du mois d', à la suite de la mort de deux jeunes Bouna Traoré (15 ans) et Zyed Benna (17 ans) et un troisième Muhittin Altun (17 ans) grièvement brûlé à Clichy-sous-Bois électrocutés en se réfugiant de la police dans un transformateur EDF, puis à des déclarations du ministre de l'Intérieur Nicolas Sarkozy, les actes de violence se multiplient les nuits suivantes, et se propageant dans de nombreuses banlieues en France (des milliers de voitures brûlées, des entreprises et bâtiments publics détruits, etc.) - les médias finissant par parler d'émeutes de 2005 dans les banlieues françaises. Le 8 novembre, Jacques Chirac décrète en Conseil des ministres l'état d'urgence (qui sera levé environ 2 mois plus tard, le ), les préfets pouvant déclarer le couvre-feu dans tout ou partie du territoire. Jacques Chirac s'adresse pour la première fois sur ces émeutes en banlieues directement aux Français via la télévision et la radio le lundi 14 novembre, regardé par plus de vingt millions de téléspectateurs.

En visite le  à l'Île Longue, base opérationnelle des sous-marins nucléaires lanceurs d'engins (SNLE) français, Jacques Chirac y réaffirme les principes de la politique de dissuasion nucléaire française, marquant une inflexion de la doctrine nucléaire du pays : ne plus raisonner « du faible au fort » mais « du fort au fou », dans une période marquée par le terrorisme et les ambitions nucléaires de pays comme l'Iran et la Corée du Nord. Si les États-Unis et le Royaume-Uni réagissent positivement à cette annonce, la classe politique allemande s'inquiète de cette position, alors que l'Iran proteste.

Après le Contrat nouvelle embauche (CNE), Dominique de Villepin décide, au début de l'année 2006, de lancer un nouveau contrat de travail similaire, pour les jeunes, baptisé Contrat première embauche (CPE). La mobilisation syndicale et étudiante contre ce projet en particulier, et contre la dite loi pour l'égalité des chances plus généralement, se met lentement en place mais finit par prendre des proportions très importantes, et le Premier ministre est mis en difficulté. Jacques Chirac prend plusieurs fois la parole pour le soutenir, mais n'intervient pas avant le , où, dans une allocution devant 21 millions de téléspectateurs, il annonce la promulgation de la loi qui contenait le CPE mais demande de ne pas appliquer cette mesure en attendant une nouvelle loi sur le sujet, confiant le dossier à l'UMP, ce qui fait dire à un proche de Nicolas Sarkozy : « en réalité, le CPE est bel et bien suspendu, mais on ne le dit pas pour ne pas vexer Villepin ». La presse se montre très critique sur ces demi-mesures et le , le Premier ministre annonce le remplacement rapide du CPE par une autre loi.

L'affaire Clearstream 2 vient ensuite bousculer l'emploi du temps du gouvernement. Dominique de Villepin, mais aussi Jacques Chirac, sont soupçonnés par la presse d'avoir commandité des enquêtes confidentielles sur des hommes politiques français, entre lesquels Nicolas Sarkozy, Jean-Pierre Chevènement et Alain Madelin, qui ont été accusés anonymement et faussement d'avoir profité de rétrocommissions en marge de l'affaire des frégates de Taiwan. Nicolas Sarkozy porte plainte contre X en janvier 2006 pour « dénonciation calomnieuse », rapidement rejoint par une série d'autres personnalités françaises.

L'affaire Clearstream 2 dévie par la suite vers l'affaire du compte japonais de Jacques Chirac, puisque le Canard enchaîné affirme dans son édition du  que le procès-verbal du général Rondot, membre de la DGSE, indiquait aussi que Jacques Chirac aurait détenu un compte de 300 millions de francs (45 millions d'euros) au Japon, à la Tokyo Sowa Bank appartenant à Soichi Osada, un ami de Jacques Chirac (fait chevalier de la Légion d'honneur en 1994), arrêté en 2000 au Japon pour faillite frauduleuse. Le général ajoutait que ce compte avait été ouvert en 1992 mais il s'est rétracté par voie de presse. Jacques Chirac a nié aussitôt détenir tout compte au Japon, affirmant que le Canard faisant référence à une enquête ouverte par la DGSE en 2000 (juste avant la présidentielle) au sujet de comptes supposés qu'il aurait détenus au Japon, enquête qui elle-même aurait été ouverte sur la base d'un article dans la presse japonaise. Le , est publié dans un livre la note interne de la DGSE du  parlant de ce compte bancaire japonais, Gilbert Flam ayant enquêté autour de cette affaire a déclaré que cette histoire de compte bancaire secret était une manipulation de la presse japonaise. Dans son édition du , le Canard Enchaîné affirme que les juges chargés de l'affaire Clearstream ont des preuves concrètes (telle que des relevés de comptes) de l'existence de ce compte bancaire japonais de Jacques Chirac. Les déclarations de patrimoine de Jacques Chirac publiées en 1995 et en 2007 ne mentionnent pas la détention de compte bancaire à l'étranger. S'il a menti dans ces déclarations, Jacques Chirac pourrait être poursuivi fausse déclaration en 1995, puisque la Cour de cassation a considéré que la prescription de trois ans est suspendue pendant l'exercice de son mandat présidentiel. À noter que cette banque japonaise ayant fait faillite en 1999, Jacques Chirac a pu y perdre beaucoup, s'il avait réellement un compte dans cette banque.

Lors de ses vœux du , Jacques Chirac annonce la décision du gouvernement de Dominique de Villepin de mettre en place un droit au logement opposable dans les semaines suivantes.

Dominique de Villepin lui remet la démission de son gouvernement le  à la veille de la passation de pouvoir entre le président sortant et Nicolas Sarkozy.

Choix pour l'élection présidentielle de 2007
Le  il annonce lors d'un discours télévisé qu'il ne se présentera pas à l'élection présidentielle de 2007 et que par conséquent il ne briguera pas de troisième mandat : « Je ne solliciterai pas vos suffrages pour un nouveau mandat », ajoutant : « Au terme du mandat que vous m'avez confié, le temps sera venu pour moi de vous servir autrement ». Le 21 mars suivant, il dit « donner son vote et son soutien à Nicolas Sarkozy » dans le cadre de cette élection. L'ancien président accorda ce soutien au nom du parti qu'il a créé, à savoir l'UMP (aujourd'hui rebaptisé LR). « Cette formation politique [l'UMP] a choisi de soutenir la candidature de Nicolas Sarkozy [...]. C'est donc tout naturellement que je lui apporterai mon vote et mon soutien ». Le , Nicolas Sarkozy est élu président de la République et la passation des pouvoirs a lieu le 16 mai.

Gouvernement et représentation parlementaire

Parlement

Assemblée nationale

Sénat

Gouvernement

Historique des gouvernements
Le 6 mai 2002, Jean-Pierre Raffarin est nommé Premier ministre. La composition de son gouvernement est annoncée le lendemain, le 7 mai 2002. Il démissionne le 17 juin 2002 pour former un second gouvernement annoncé le même jour après les élections législatives. Après les élections régionales de 2004, Jean-Pierre Raffarin démissionne mais est reconduit dans ses fonctions pour former un troisième gouvernement annoncé le 31 mars 2004. Après la victoire du non au référendum sur le établissant une Constitution pour l'Europe, Dominique de Villepin est nommé Premier ministre le 31 mai 2005. La composition du Gouvernement est annoncée le 2 juin 2005. Dominique de Villepin démissionne le 15 mai 2007, à la veille de la cérémonie d'investiture du Président de la République.

 Gouvernement Jean-Pierre Raffarin (1) (7 mai - 17 juin 2002) ;
 Gouvernement Jean-Pierre Raffarin (2) (17 juin 2002 - 30 mars 2004) ;
 Gouvernement Jean-Pierre Raffarin (3) (31 mars 2004 - 31 mai 2005) ;
 Gouvernement Dominique de Villepin (2 juin 2005 - 15 mai 2007).

Membres du gouvernement
Au cours de son second mandat, le Président de la République a nommé 69 membres au Gouvernement.

* Les personnes notées d'un astérisque sont celles ayant eu une ou plusieurs fonctions ministérielles avant la seconde présidence de Jacques Chirac (avant le 7 mai 2002).

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Histoire de France depuis la Cinquième République
 Élection présidentielle française de 2002
 Union pour un mouvement populaire

Seconde présidence de Jacques Chirac


Das Ungarische Staatsarchiv ( Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára, MNLOL) ist das Zentralarchiv der historischen ungarischen Stände und der Republik Ungarn. Es wurde 1756 in Pozsony gegründet und befindet sich heute mit seinem Zentralgebäude sowie zwei Nebengebäuden im Burgviertel der ungarischen Hauptstadt Budapest.

Bestände
Die Bestände des Ungarischen Staatsarchivs sind öffentlich einsehbar.

Standorte
Das Hauptgebäude (Gebäude 1) des Ungarischen Staatsarchivs wurde 1923 nach Plänen von Samu Pecz im Stil des Historismus errichtet.
 Gebäude 1 am Wiener-Tor-Platz (Bécsi kapu tér) 2-4 für die Archivsektionen für die Abteilungen I., II. und III.
 Gebäude 2 am Hess András Platz (Hess András tér) 5 für die Archivsektionen für die Abteilung V.
 Gebäude 3 am Külső-Bécsi-Straße (Lángliliom utca) 4 für die Archivsektionen für die Abteilungen IV., VI. und die Mikrofilmsammlung

Abteilungen
I. Schriftgut der zentralen und regionalen Regierungsorgane 1526–1867
Hierzu gehören die Archive der Ungarischen Hofkanzlei (1414–1848) und der Siebenbürgischen Hofkanzlei (1686–1848), das Archiv des Ungarischen Statthaltereirates, Archive aus der Zeit der Freiheitskämpfe von Thököly und Rákóczi (1648–1714), der ungarischen Revolution 1848/1849, und des Neo-Absolutismus (1848–1867), sowie Archive der Ungarischen Kammern und der siebenbürgischen Landesbehörden.

II. Schriftgut der Regierungsorgane 1867–1945
Hierzu gehören die Archive der Regierungsbehörden 1867–1918 und Akten der Regierungsorgane der Räterepublik (1919).

III. Familienarchive und Sammlungen
Hierzu gehören die Sammlung der Fotokopien Ungarischer Literatur des Mittelalters (v. a. die "Hungarica"), Archive von Familien (u. a. Bethlen, Esterházy, Festetics, Nádasdy, und Széchenyi), Körperschaften und Instituten sowie eine Karten-, Plan- und Siegelsammlung.

IV. Wirtschaftsarchive

V. Abteilung der Schriften der politischen Zentralbehörden 1945–1989
Hierzu gehören die Akten der Partei der Ungarischen Werktätigen (MDP) und der Ungarischen Sozialistischen Arbeiterpartei (MSZMP) 1948–1989

VI. Schriftgut der wirtschaftlichen Regierungsorgane seit 1945

VII. Abteilung für Archivgut der zentralen Regierungsorgane

VIII. Abteilung für Reprographie, Mikrofilmsammlung

IX. Kundendienst und Informationsabteilung

X. Konservierung, Restaurierung, Werkstätte

Literatur
 Győző Ember: Zweihundert Jahre Ungarisches Staatsarchiv. Levéltárak Országos Központja, Budapest 1956.

Weblinks

 Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár (Offizielle Website)
  Digitales Archivportal (Online-Recherche)

Einzelnachweise

Nationalarchiv
Bauwerk des Historismus in Budapest
I. Budapester Bezirk
Archiv (Ungarn)
Erbaut in den 1920er Jahren
Archivbau
Organisation (Budapest)
Kultur (Budapest)
Geschichte (Budapest)

Ungarisches Staatsarchiv


Čičarovce este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Michalovce din regiunea Košice. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 902 locuitori. Se învecinează cu Veľké Kapušany și Leles.

Istoric
Localitatea Čičarovce este atestată documentar din 1263.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Čičarovce


نصف بطل (خطياً ١⁄٢ بطل) هو مسلسل أنمي أو رسوم متحركة ياباني مقتبس من سلسلة مانغا للمؤلف شوتارو إيشينوموري.

أنتج المسلسل عام 1989 بواسطة شركة ستوديو غالوب.

القصة
نصف بطل هو عنوان قصة صبي عمره 10 سنوات ولاعب كرة قاعدة مثل أبيه.

الشخصيات
رشوان توفيق : المدرب فاذي

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

برامج تلفزيون نيبون
ستوديو غالوب
سلسلات مانغا
شوتارو إيشينوموري
كرة القاعدة في أنمي ومانغا
مسلسلات أنمي متلفزة 1989
مسلسلات أنمي مدبلجة للعربية
مسلسلات تلفزيونية يابانية انتهت في 1990
مسلسلات يابانية عرضت لأول مرة سنة 1989

نصف بطل


Der Bösebruch ist ein Naturschutzgebiet in der niedersächsischen Gemeinde Wahrenholz in der Samtgemeinde Wesendorf im Landkreis Gifhorn.

Das Naturschutzgebiet mit dem Kennzeichen NSG BR 074 ist circa 194 Hektar groß. Im Süden grenzt es an das Naturschutzgebiet "Ise mit Nebenbächen". Nach Osten, Süden und Westen ist es vom Landschaftsschutzgebiet "Ostheide" umgeben. Etwas östlich erstreckt sich das Naturschutzgebiet "Großes Moor". Das Gebiet steht seit dem 3. Januar 1986 unter Naturschutz. Zum 30. November 2019 wurde das ursprünglich circa 195 Hektar große Naturschutzgebiet auf seine heutige Fläche verkleinert, nachdem ein Randstreifen an der Ise in dem 2018 ausgewiesenen Naturschutzgebiet "Ise mit Nebenbächen" aufgegangen war. Zuständige untere Naturschutzbehörde ist der Landkreis Gifhorn.

Das Naturschutzgebiet liegt nordwestlich von Neudorf-Platendorf und südöstlich von Wesendorf. Es stellt ein Waldgebiet mit Kiefern- und Fichtenbeständen im Niederungsbereich von Ise und Beberbach unter Schutz. Das Waldgebiet wird von mehreren Bachläufen durchzogen. An einigen Stellen sind Tümpel zu finden. Im Süden sind Grünlandflächen in das Naturschutzgebiet einbezogen.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Naturschutzgebiet im Landkreis Gifhorn
Waldgebiet in Niedersachsen
Waldschutzgebiet in Niedersachsen
Wahrenholz
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa
Waldgebiet in Europa

Bösebruch


Celso Bugallo Aguiar (né le  à Sanxenxo) est un acteur espagnol.

Biographie

Filmographie

Récompenses
 2004 : Prix Goya du meilleur acteur dans un second rôle

Liens externes

Naissance en mars 1947
Naissance dans la province de Pontevedra
Acteur espagnol de cinéma
Prix Goya du meilleur acteur dans un second rôle

Celso Bugallo


Kjotve the Rich (Old Norse: Kjǫtvi hinn auðgi, Norwegian: Kjøtve den Rike) was a king of Agder, then one of the  petty kingdoms of Norway  during  the late 9th century.  Kjotve led the western Norwegian kings against King Harald Fairhair (Harald Hårfagre) at the Battle of Hafrsfjord (Slaget i Hafrsfjorden). Defeated by Harald, Kjotve fled; many of his allies were killed in the battle. His son Thorir Haklang was a berserker who fell during the Battle of Hafrsfjord.

Popular culture
A character loosely inspired by the historical Kjotve, nicknamed "Kjotve the Cruel", appears in an antagonistic role during the opening hours of the 2020 video game Assassin's Creed Valhalla. Kjotve the Cruel has one son named Gorm, who features periodically throughout the game, and Kjotve is revealed through tie-in media to have a second son, Hrolfr.

Kjotve appears in Paradox Interactive's video game Crusader Kings, and its two sequels, ruling the province of Agder.

References

External links
  Battle in Hafersfjord

Norwegian petty kings
9th-century Norwegian monarchs

Kjotve the Rich


Power Rangers in Space is a television series and the sixth season of the Power Rangers franchise, based on the 21st Super Sentai series Denji Sentai Megaranger.

In Space was a turning point for the Power Rangers franchise, as the season brought closure to six seasons of plot, and it ended the practice of having regular cast members act in consecutive seasons - which had been in existence since 1993. The theme of this series, and its successor, the Power Rangers Lost Galaxy, bears little similarity to their Sentai counterparts. The sixth series also marked the final regular appearances of Tracy Lynn Cruz, Patricia Ja Lee, Roger Velasco, and Selwyn Ward, as well as the conclusion of Zordon's story that has been significant in every six seasons.

Plot
Picking up where Power Rangers Turbo left off, Dark Specter has captured Zordon and is beginning to drain his powers. An assortment of old and new villains praise his victory, but an unexpected figure uncovers his plan: the Red Space Ranger, Andros. Dark Specter orders the Princess of Evil, Astronema, to eliminate Andros so he can't jeopardize his plans.

Meanwhile, four of the former Turbo Rangers (T.J. Johnson, Carlos Vallerte, Ashley Hammond and Cassie Chan) and Alpha 6 are traveling in a NASADA space shuttle with the intent to save Zordon. They are pulled aboard the Astro Megaship and later encounter Andros. Though initially suspicious and dismissive of the four former Turbo Rangers, Andros realizes he'll need their help to save Zordon and gives them each an Astro Morpher. Additionally, modifications allow the NASADA space shuttle and the Astro Megaship to combine into the powerful Astro Megazord. The new Space Rangers team then returns to Earth for repairs and supplies, but are followed by Astronema.

The Space Rangers alternate between searching for Zordon and protecting Earth. From the Dark Fortress, Astronema seeks to eliminate them via Ecliptor (who raised her), Quantrons and a variety of monsters. Elgar has also been added to her team, but he remains a comedic bungler. Over time, allies (such as the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, the Phantom Ranger, Justin Stewart and Adam Park) offer the Rangers invaluable aid, with Zhane (the Silver Space Ranger) emerging from cryo-sleep and joining the team. New Zords are also introduced. Meanwhile, Bulk and Skull become assistants to wacky scientist Professor Phenomenus and join him in searching for aliens.

While dedicated to finding Zordon, Andros has another quest: finding his sister, Karone, who was kidnapped when they were children. Over time, Andros discovers his sister was kidnapped by Darkonda, the archrival of Ecliptor who has nine lives. To Andros' surprise, it turns out that Karone is Astronema, who was raised by Ecliptor to be evil. Andros is able to convince Astronema of the truth and she defects with Ecliptor's help. Unfortunately just as quickly, she and Ecliptor are both recaptured and reprogrammed to follow Dark Specter.

The reprogramming of Ecliptor worked excellent at first in returning him to being completely hostile to the Space Rangers, but it also seemed to fade a tiny bit towards the end of the season. On the other hand, Astronema had become more evil than ever, as she not only wants to destroy the Space Rangers, but also Dark Specter. To that end, she unleashes the Psycho Rangers. The five robotic and borderline insane villains possess great power, which secretly comes from Dark Specter. Every time they fight, Dark Specter is drained of power and grows weaker. Individually, each Psycho Ranger is too powerful for their Space Ranger equivalents. But the Psycho Rangers are not as good with teamwork and the six Space Rangers are able to overcome them with a great deal of effort and teamwork. Soon after, the Rangers suffer setbacks that see two Megazords destroyed, which are the Delta Megazord and The Mega Voyager.

Everything culminates in the two-part finale, "Countdown to Destruction", where Zordon is nearly completely drained and Dark Specter orders the villains under his command to attack the entire universe. Across the universe, the Alien, Gold Zeo and Phantom Rangers, the Blue Senturion, and KO-35's rebels are defeated and captured. The Space Rangers struggle to defend Earth, but are overwhelmed and forced to retreat. Even Zhane and his Zord, the Mega Winger, are no match, with the Mega Winger ending up destroyed. The treacherous Darkonda kills Dark Specter, who returns the favor before his own death, leaving Astronema in command as the Queen of Evil. While Andros boards the Dark Fortress to appeal to his sister, the remaining five Space Rangers engage in one last fight for Earth and are joined by the citizens of Angel Grove, with Bulk and Skull leading the charge.

On the Dark Fortress, Andros finds Zordon, who requests his energy tube be shattered. Doing so will release good energy that will destroy the forces of evil and save the universe, but also kill him. Following battles with Astronema and Ecliptor, Andros has no choice but to comply. The many monsters are subsequently turned to dust by the energy wave (including Ecliptor), while Lord Zedd, Rita Repulsa, Divatox and Astronema are changed into normal, non-evil humans. With the universe now safe, T.J., Cassie, Carlos, Ashley and Alpha 6 intend to settle down on Earth. Though initially intending to remain on KO-35 with their people, Andros, Zhane and Karone decide to join their friends on Earth.

Production
Early production material for the season, dated May and August 1997 when production was concurrently underway for the Fall 1997 episodes of Power Rangers Turbo, was placed online in June 2011. The first half includes synopses of the first twenty-seven episodes of Megaranger, with a mix of Japanese names and intended US names, and a breakdown of how much footage was "usable"; there is a list of weaponry and Zords introduced, how often they appear, and the monsters and how they are destroyed. It then goes on to set out initial plans for the in Space adaptation.

Both Astronema and Andros are absent, with the Phantom Ranger uncovering Dark Specter's plan instead, and Justin is identified as the Blue Ranger. Instead of losing their powers and base at the end of Turbo, the Rangers would be given their Space powers by Dimitria (the Turbo mentor) so they could head into space and save Zordon. Their spacecraft would have had a limited power supply and could only be recharged by the Power Chamber on Earth, forcing them to keep returning; otherwise, they would hop from planet to planet, encountering new and returning villains, and picking up clues for Zordon's whereabouts. Divatox was still going to be the main recurring villain, with Ecliptor as her new second-in-command. Bulk and Skull formed a volunteer Citizen Force Group to try and protect Angel Grove while the Rangers were away.

In Space would have seen Carranger villain Exhaus used as Dark Specter - he would instead be the monster Goldgoyle for the end of Turbo. The Rangers were going to have a base in Earth orbit called the new Power Dome: it was to be realized by "a giant pyramid made of silky material... the walls of silk will change constantly with special effects lights creating the different moods". The "Space Station" (Astro Megaship) interior was going to recycle as much of the Power Chamber set as possible; footage would be shot for the villain's "Evil Platform" set ahead of time and used as recurring stock footage.

This would be the last season to feature the character Skull (Jason Narvy) as a main character as Narvy himself chose to leave the Power Rangers universe to continue his college education.

Cast and characters

Space Rangers
 Andros  The Red Space Ranger, and the leader of the team; a native of the planet KO-35 and leader of the Space Rangers. He uses his Ranger powers to defeat Astronema and try to recover his sister Karone. He also serves as Ashley's love interest. He piloted the Mega V1 Robo Zord and his primary weapon is the Spiral Saber. He is portrayed by Christopher Khayman Lee.
 Carlos Vallerte  The Black Space Ranger and previously the second Green Turbo Ranger. He piloted the Mega V2 Shuttle Zord and his primary weapon is the Lunar Lance. He is portrayed by Roger Velasco.
 Theodore Jay "T.J." Jarvis Johnson  The Blue Space Ranger. He was previously the second Red Turbo Ranger, and leader of the Turbo Rangers. He piloted the Mega V3 Rocket and his primary weapon is the Astro Axe. He is portrayed by Selwyn Ward.
 Ashley Hammond  The Yellow Space Ranger and previously the second Yellow Turbo Ranger. She serves as Andros' love interest. She pilots the Mega V4 Saucer Zord and her primary weapon is the Star Slinger. She is portrayed by Tracy Lynn Cruz.
 Cassie Chan  The Pink Space Ranger and previously the second Pink Turbo Ranger. She pilots the Mega V5 Tank Zord and her primary weapon is the Satellite Stunner. She is portrayed by Patricia Ja Lee.
 Zhane  The Silver Space Ranger; he is kept in a hidden room inside the Megaship, cryogenically asleep for two years because he was badly injured in his last battle while saving Andros from a monster. When he was accidentally released, he helped the Rangers, but is affected by a 2.5-minute morphing time limit which he is later able to remove by absorbing a bolt of lightning with his Morpher. He piloted the Mega Winger Zord and his primary weapon is the Super Silverizer. During the Psycho Ranger saga, in an effort to confuse the and throw off the Psycho Rangers, he temporarily faked being Psycho Silver. He is portrayed by Justin Nimmo.

Supporting characters
 Alpha 6  After his voice chip was damaged during the destruction of the Power Chamber, he received a new voice chip, but does not sound the same and has a different personality. Alpha no longer speaks like a New Yorker and now uses his predecessor's catchphrase. He is voiced by Wendee Lee (uncredited).
 D.E.C.A.  The on-board computer on the Megaship, D.E.C.A. responds to voice commands and is able to articulate in 3000 known languages. The ship is constantly monitored by her through cameras located in every room on the ship. She can also perform retinal scans. She is voiced by Julie Maddalena.
 Adelle Ferguson  Owner of the Surf Spot, the Rangers' new hangout; from observation, she appears to have bought Youth Center from Jerome Stone and converted it. She is portrayed by Aloma Wright.
 Farkas "Bulk" Bulkmeier  Returning once again from Turbo, he and Skull decide to seek out renowned alien expert Professor Phenomenus when they catch a glimpse of a UFO in the sky. He is portrayed by Paul Schrier.
 Eugene "Skull" Skullovitch  Bulk's best friend, and his opposite in appearance and mentality; Skull is thin and more stupid than Bulk, to the point that he has to be told what to be thinking of. Skull is best known for his high-pitched laughter. He is portrayed by Jason A. Narvy.
 Professor Phenomenus  A strange yet brilliant scientist who is constantly on the search for aliens on Earth. Bulk and Skull sought him out when they caught a glimpse of a UFO in the sky. The trio's misadventures and antics would often have them crossing paths with the Rangers. He is portrayed by Jack Banning.
 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles  The Turtles were summoned and brainwashed by Astronema to fight the Rangers. Her control over them is later broken and they team up with the Rangers to battle Astronema's forces. Before returning to New York, the Turtles had one request: space surfing on the Galaxy Gliders. Due to Ninja Turtles: The Next Mutation being filmed in Vancouver, none of the Turtles' voice actors reprised their roles for their appearance.
 Leonardo  The leader of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. He is voiced by Michael Reisz.
 Raphael  The aggressive member of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. He is voiced by Derek Stephen Prince.
 Donatello  The scientific member of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. He is voiced by Ezra Weisz.
 Michelangelo  The fun-loving member of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. He is voiced by Tony Oliver.
 Venus de Milo  A female turtle who is the latest member of the group. She is voiced by Tifanie Christun.
 Alien Rangers  The Power Rangers from the water planet Aquitar. They have been allies to the Power Rangers of Earth, since Zordon called upon them when Master Vile reversed Earth's time. The Alien Rangers were later seen fighting Divatox's army.
 Justin Stewart  T.J., Cassie, Ashley, and Carlos' former teammate. After the destruction of the Power Chamber and the loss of the Turbo powers, Justin elected to remain on Earth to be with his father. Storm Blaster tracked him down and gave Justin a new Turbo morpher, to help the Space Rangers. He is portrayed by Blake Foster.
 Karone  Andros' sister and the main anti-hero of the series, She was kidnapped as a child by Darkonda and handed over to Dark Specter. Karone was raised by Ecliptor, who became a father figure to her. He told that her parents were killed by the Power Rangers, she would come to be known as "Astronema", Princess of Evil. She would eventually discover the truth and defect to the Rangers' side for a time, before being captured and brainwashed to be completely loyal to Dark Specter when she went to the Dark Fortress in order to reprogram an asteroid that Dark Specter had sent on a collision course with Earth. Karone was eventually reverted to herself by Zordon's energy wave in the finale. She is portrayed by Melody Perkins.
 Trey of Triforia (Gold Zeo Ranger)  Wielder of the Golden Power Staff, who temporarily passed his powers onto Jason Scott in Zeo, while he healed after being split into three distinct personalities. Trey was later seen fighting Rita Repulsa and Lord Zedd's army.
 Blue Senturion  An intergalactic police officer from 2000; he originally was sent back in time to warn Dimitria of the United Alliance of Evil's plot, but now helps enforce the law and defeat villains. He also assisted the Turbo Rangers, before departing to Eltar with Dimitria to help Zordon. The Blue Senturion was later seen with the Phantom Ranger fighting the Machine Empire's army. He is voiced by David Walsh (uncredited).
 Phantom Ranger  A Ranger of unknown origins. He had helped the second Turbo Rangers fight Divatox. He and Cassie share a bond. The Phantom Ranger helped the rangers gain access to a new Megazord and was later seen with the Blue Senturion fighting the Machine Empire's army.
 Zordon  Founder and former mentor of the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, Power Rangers Zeo, and original Turbo Rangers. Zordon returned to his home planet of Eltar, only to be captured; Dark Specter proceeded to continually drain Zordon of his powers while filling his container with lava, ensuring all Rangers would lose hope. With Dark Specter's destruction, Zordon regained his powers, only to sacrifice himself to unleash an energy wave that wiped out the United Alliance of Evil. He is voiced by Robert L. Manahan (uncredited).
 Adam Park  Carlos' predecessor and Zack's successor, Adam was the second Mighty Morphin Black Ranger, Green Zeo Ranger, and the first Green Turbo Ranger. When Carlos began doubting himself following a disastrous fight with Lizwizard, Adam helped him through it. Adam also held onto his morpher when Rito destroyed his team's powers. He succeeded in morphing into the Black Mighty Morphin Ranger once more, though it nearly killed him. He is portrayed by Johnny Yong Bosch.

Villains
 Dark Specter  The "Grand Monarch of Evil", who all other villains fear, Dark Specter appears as a gigantic lava-monster. He is the leader of the United Alliance of Evil. He was shown to have the ability to shape shift. Dark Specter was responsible for the fall of Eltar, he managed to capture Zordon and proceeded to slowly drain his powers throughout the season. He nearly met his end with the creation of the Psycho Rangers, who drew their energy from the evil monarch every time they fought. He was killed in the finale by Darkonda, who had stolen a Velocifighter armed with an experimental laser. With his dying breath, he devoured Darkonda before exploding. He is voiced by Christopher Grey.
 Astronema  The "Princess of Evil", Astronema is a sinister and ruthless villainess who was groomed as a child in the ways of evil. There are hints she isn't as evil as is led to believe, such as when she saves the lives of a family under attack by one of her own Quantrons. It is later discovered that she is Karone, sister of the Red Space Ranger Andros. She defected to the Rangers' side for a time, before being captured, brainwashed and given cybernetic implants which overwrote her emotions. As a result of this, her demeanor became cold, and even more ruthless and evil than before. She would later create the Psycho Rangers and link their powers directly to Dark Specter in an attempt to do away with the monarch and take power for herself. When Dark Specter is killed in the finale, she becomes the "Queen of Evil", she is seemingly killed accidentally during a confrontation with Andros, but is revived by Andros' tears. In Power Rangers Beast Morphers, Astronema's gauntlet was found in Ryjack's collection of weapons. Astronema was Robo-Roxy's choice to rejoin Evox's army. Robo-Blaze remarks that Astronema was purified much of Robo-Roxy's disgust. She is portrayed by Melody Perkins.
 Ecliptor  A wire-frame model-themed robot who is Astronema's guardian and surrogate father. He raised Astronema to be evil, caring for her like his own daughter. After Astronema learns her true identity, Ecliptor remained devoted to his princess, defending her against the attacks of his own forces. Branded a traitor, he is given additional cybernetics that suppress his better nature and make him purely evil. Upon seeing Astronema seemingly slain by her brother, Ecliptor broke free of his programming to get revenge. Despite his fatherly affection for Astronema, and his high regard for loyalty and honor, Ecliptor was killed by Zordon's energy wave. He is voiced by Walter Lang.
 Elgar  Divatox's idiotic, illiterate nephew. He was reassigned to the Dark Fortress by Dark Specter, mostly to allow Divatox to move Zordon around the universe without his bumbling threatening to ruin things. He is killed by Zordon's energy wave. He is portrayed by Kenny Graceson and voiced by David Umansky.
 Darkonda  A bandaged bounty hunter who was responsible for kidnapping Karone as a child. Sadistic and treacherous, Darkonda was the arch rival to Ecliptor. He was given 9 lives, but managed to lose all but one though bungling or being defeated. He planned to kill Dark Specter with the missile intended for Earth's destruction, but was swallowed by the evil monarch before he perished. He is voiced by Steve Kramer.
 Darkliptor  An entity which is created when Darkonda forcibly absorbs Ecliptor into himself, thereby adding all of Ecliptor's powers and some of Ecliptor's physical being to Darkonda's own. When Darkliptor exists, Darkonda's personality is dominant, and with Ecliptor's powers on top of Darkonda's, Darkliptor is near invincible. Ecliptor constantly tries to free himself from Darkliptor, and always succeeds eventually, to Darkonda's annoyance. He is voiced by Steve Kramer.
 Quantrons  Astronema's foot soldiers. Appearing as silver robots with blades as their primary weapons. Like the Cogs before them, they pilot vehicles for attacks.  The Quantrons are the fourth group of foot soldiers created for Power Rangers and don't have a Sentai counterpart.
 Craterites  Foot soldiers from the Astro Megaship simudeck's training program. A lightning bolt once hit the Megaship while T.J. And Ashley were doing a session, causing them to become real and hide among the people in Angel Grove by disguising themselves as humans. After fighting the Rangers, they then merged into a Conglomerate version of themselves. After being defeated by the Astro Megazord, they were once again part of the simudeck program. The Megaranger counterparts of the Craterites are called Soldiers Kunekune.
 Piranhatrons  Divatox's foot soldiers from Power Rangers Turbo. Some of them were placed under Astronema's control.
 Psycho Rangers The Psycho Rangers are five evil Rangers created by Astronema as part of her plans to destroy both the Power Rangers and Dark Specter.
 Psycho Red Psycho Red was the leader of the Psycho Rangers. His monster form was a fire-like monster. He is portrayed and voiced by Patrick David.
 Psycho Black His monster form is a rock golem who can use a rock-like tentacle. He is portrayed and voiced by Michael Maize.
 Psycho Blue His monster form is a crystalline ice monster with freezing powers. He is voiced by Wally Wingert.
 Psycho Yellow In her monster form, Psycho Yellow is a spider/hornet-like monster. She is portrayed and voiced by Kamera Walton.
 Psycho Pink In her monster form, Psycho Pink is a plant-like monster. She is voiced by Vicki Davis.

United Alliance of Evil
Villains from previous series also appeared as members of the United Alliance of Evil where they were gathered by Dark Specter.

 Lord Zedd - An evil intergalactic warlord. He is portrayed by Ed Neil and voiced by Robert Axelrod.
 Rita Repulsa - An evil alien sorceress who is the wife of Lord Zedd. She is portrayed by Carla Perez and voiced by Barbara Goodson.
 Goldar - A manticore-themed henchman of Lord Zedd and Rita Repulsa. Goldar was seen at Dark Specter's party on the Cimmerian Planet and during the attack on the Vica Galaxy where he does an energy attack on the Gold Ranger. He is voiced by Kerrigan Mahan.
 Finster - A leprechaun-themed henchman of Lord Zedd and Rita Repulsa. Finster was seen at Dark Specter's party on the Cimmerian Planet and during the attack on the Vica Galaxy. He is voiced by Robert Axelrod.
 Squatt - A hobgoblin-themed henchman of Lord Zedd and Rita Repulsa. Squatt was seen during the attack on the Vica Galaxy.
 Master Vile - Rita Repulsa's father. He was only seen at Dark Specter's party on the Cimmerian Planet.
 The Machine Empire - A kingdom of robots.
 King Mondo - The king of the Machine Empire. He is voiced by David Stenstrom.
 Queen Machina - The queen of the Machine Empire. She is voiced by Brianne Siddall.
 Prince Sprocket - The son of King Mondo and Queen Machina. He is voiced by Barbara Goodson.
 Klank and Orbus - The aids of King Mondo. They are voiced by Oliver Page and Barbara Goodson.
 Divatox - The leader of the Space Pirates and Elgar's aunt who becomes a rival of Astronema. She is portrayed by Hilary Shepard (also known as "Hilary Shepard Turner").
 Rygog - Divatox's second-in-command. He was present at Divatox's attack on Gratha. He is voiced by Lex Lang.
 Porto - Divatox's technical advisor. He is voiced by Scott Page-Pagter.
 General Havoc - Divatox's brother. He accompanied the Machine Empire in attacking the Phantom Ranger's home world where they were opposed by the Blue Senturion and the Phantom Ranger. He is voiced by Richard Cansino.

Episodes

Home media
A VHS release for Power Rangers in Space contained the "Psycho Rangers" arc.

In 2012, Shout Factory announced that it had reached an exclusive distribution deal with Saban for shows such as Power Rangers and Big Bad Beetleborgs. Power Rangers in Space was released on DVD in August 2012, as part of a Time-Life exclusive boxed set containing seasons 1–7. The show later became available independently of the boxed set in two volumes, the first volume consisting of first 22 episodes was released on August 5, 2014 and the second volume containing the remaining 21 episodes was released on October 7, 2014.

Comics
Characters have been featured in Power Rangers comics published by Boom! Studios.

In 2018, the In Space Rangers appeared in "Shattered Grid", a crossover event between teams from all eras commemorating the 25th anniversary of the original television series. It was published in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers #25-30 and various tie-ins. A Power Rangers in Space story by Adam Cesare and Hyeonjin Kimwas was published in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers 2018 Annual as part of the crossover.

"Beyond the Grid," the follow-up to "Shattered Grid", was published in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers #31-39. It saw Andros joining a new team alongside the Ranger Slayer, the Magna Defender, Cameron, Tanya and the Dark Ranger.

A story by Trey Moore and Da Jung Lee, featuring Karone and both the In Space and Lost Galaxy Rangers, was published in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers 25th Anniversary Special #1.

In 2019, Saban's Power Rangers: The Psycho Path by Paul Allor and Diego Galindo was published. An original graphic novel taking place after the events of the Power Rangers in Space television series, it features both the return and origin of the Psycho Rangers.

In 2022, Power Rangers #17-22 featured Andros, and later Zhane, in a story taking place before the events of the Power Rangers in Space television series.

Reception

Most critics gave the show a positive reception.

Notes

References

External links

 Power Rangers in Space - Bandai America

In Space
Television shows filmed in Los Angeles
Television shows filmed in Santa Clarita, California
Television shows set in California
1998 American television series debuts
1998 American television series endings
Fox Broadcasting Company original programming
Fox Kids
1990s American science fiction television series
American children's adventure television series
Space adventure television series
English-language television shows
Television series by Saban Entertainment
Television series about size change
1990s American high school television series
Television series set on fictional planets
Television series about outer space
American children's action television series
American children's fantasy television series
Television series created by Haim Saban

Power Rangers in Space


Viggianello ist der Name zweier Orte:

 Gemeinde Viggianello in der italienischen Region Basilicata, siehe Viggianello (Basilikata)
 Gemeinde Viggianello im französischen Département Corse-du-Sud, siehe Viggianello (Korsika)

Viggianello