Pia Fink, née le  à Münsingen, est une fondeuse Allemande.

Carrière
Membre du SV Bremelau, elle court ses premières compétitions internationales en 2013 et fréquente alors l'école de ski de Furtwangen. En 2014, pour ses premiers pas dans la Coupe OPA, elle se classe douzième à Oberwiesenthal.
En 2017, passé au niveau espoir, elle monte sur le podium en Coupe OPA à quatre reprises cet hiver et signe trois top dix aux Championnats du monde des moins de 23 ans. Fink remporte aussi le skiathlon des Championnats d'Allemagne cette année.

Lors de l'hiver 2017-2018, elle fait ses débuts individuels en Coupe du monde à l'occasion du Tour de ski, qu'elle finit , marquant donc ses premiers points pour le classement général. Juste après, elle prend la  place du dix kilomètres classique à Planica. Cette saison, elle se distingue encore aux  Championnats du monde des moins de 23 ans, avec deux quatrièmes places en dix kilomètres et skiathlon.

En début d'année 2019, elle signe plusieurs bons résultats comme sa  au Tour de ski,puis sa douzième place au dix kilomètres classique à Cogne. Peu après, elle dispute ses premiers championnats du monde à Seefeld, où elle finit quinzième sur le dix kilomètres classique au mieux.

Sur les Championnats du monde à Oberstdorf, son meilleur résultat individuel est  au skiathlon, tandis qu'elle est cinquième sur le relais. Elle finit sa saison sur une performance, terminant septième à la poursuite sur trente kilomètres en style libre à Engadine (cinquième temps).

Sélectionnée pour les Jeux olympiques à Pékin en février 2022, elle arrive  du skiathlon, puis atteint les quarts de finale du sprint pour une  place.

En dehors du sport, elle est policière fédérale.

Palmarès

Jeux olympiques d'hiver

Légende :
  : pas d'épreuve
 — : non disputée par Fink

Championnats du monde

Légende :
  : pas d'épreuve
 — : Fink n'a pas participé à l'épreuve

Coupe du monde
 Meilleur classement général :  en 2021.
Meilleur résultat individuel : .

Classements par saison

Championnats du monde des moins de

Légende :
  : pas d'épreuve
 — : non disputée par Fink

Coupe OPA
 du classement général en 2017.
7 podiums individuels.

Références

Liens externes

Fondeuse allemande
Fondeuse aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022
Naissance en juillet 1995
Naissance à Münsingen (Bade-Wurtemberg)

Pia Fink


El Arroyo Vera es un curso de agua uruguayo que atraviesa el departamento de  Soriano perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica del Río de la Plata.

Nace en la Cuchilla Navarro y desemboca en el río Negro tras recorrer alrededor de 21 km.

Referencias

Cuenca del río Negro (Uruguay)
Vera
Vera

Arroyo Vera


බහුල වශයෙන් භාවිතා වන සංඛ්‍යාංක ක්‍රමය හින්දු - අරාබි  ඉලක්කම් ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. ශ්‍රේෂ්ඨ ඉන්දියානු ගණිතඥයන් දෙදෙනෙකුට එය වර්ධනය කිරීමේ ගෞරවය ලබා දීය හැකිය.  5 වැනි සියවස තුළ දී කුසුමා පුරයේ ජීවත් වූ ආර්යභත්ත ස්ථාන අගය පිළිබඳ අංකනය දියුණු කළ අතර ඊට සියවසකට පසුව බ්‍රහ්මගුප්ත ශුන්‍ය සලකුණ හඳුන්වා දෙන ලදී.

සරලතම සංඛ්‍යාංක ක්‍රමය, ඒකමය (ඒකජ) සංඛ්‍යාංක ක්‍රමය වේ. එහි සෑම ස්වභාවික සංඛ්‍යාවක්ම, අනුරූපී සංකේත සංඛ්‍යාවක් මඟින් නිරූපණය වේ. / සලකුණු තෝරා ගත හොත්, උදාහරණයක් ලෙස එවිට හත යන සංඛ්‍යාව /////// මඟින් නිරූපණය කළ හැකි වේ. ප්‍රගණන ලකුණු නිරූපණය කරන එවැනි එක් ක්‍රමයක් තවමත් පොදු භාවිතයේ පවතී. ක්‍රියාත්මක කිරීමේ දී ඒකජ ක්‍රමය සාමාන්‍යයෙන් කුඩා සංඛ්‍යා සඳහා පමණක් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් වන නමුත්, එය සිද්ධාන්තමය පරිගණක විද්‍යාවේ දී වැදගත් භූමිකාවක් රඟ දක්වයි. තවද , දත්ත සම්පීඩනයේ දී බහුල වශයෙන් භාවිතා වන්නේ එලියාස් ගැමා සංකේත ක්‍රමයයි.මෙහිදී ද්විමය සංඛ්‍යාංකවල දිග ඇඟවීමට ඒකජ ක්‍රමය භාවිතා කරමින්, පදනම් රහිත ප්‍රමාණයේ සංඛ්‍යා ප්‍රකාශ කරයි.

ඒකජ අංකන ක්‍රමය සමහර නව අගයයන් සඳහා විවිධ සංකේත හඳුන්වා දීම මඟින් සංක්ෂිප්ත කර දැක්විය හැක. බහුල වශයෙන් මෙම අගයයන් 10 බල වේ. එම නිසා උදාහරණයක් ලෙස / , 1 වෙනුවෙන් ද , - , 10 වෙනුවෙන් ද හා + , 100 වෙනුවෙන් ද පවතී නම් එවිට 304 යන සංඛ්‍යාව , සුසංහිතව +++//// ලෙස ද , 123 යන සංඛ්‍යාව , +--/// ලෙස ද, ශුන්‍යයේ (0) කිසිදු අවශ්‍යතාවයකින් තොරව නිරූපණය කළ හැකිය. මෙය සංකේත වටිනාකම් අංකනය ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. පුරාණ ඊජිප්තු ක්‍රමය මෙම ආකාරයේ වන අතර රෝමානු ක්‍රමය මෙම අදහසේ නවීකරණය කිරීමකි. සංකේත පුනරාවර්තනය සඳහා විශේෂ කෙටි යෙදුම් යොදා ගන්නා වඩාත් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් පද්ධති තවමත් පවතී. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස, ඉංග්‍රීසි හෝඩියේ මුල් අකුරු 9 කෙටි යෙදුම් සඳහා භාවිතා කරමින්, A එක් සිද්ධියක් සඳහා ද, B සිද්ධි 2ක් සඳහා ද ආදී වශයෙන් පෙනී සිටින පරිදි , 304 යන සංඛ්‍යාව සඳහා අපට C+ D/  යන්න ලිවිය හැකිය. ඉංග්‍රීසියේ සංඛ්‍යාංක ක්‍රමය මේ ආකාරය ගනියි. (තුන්සිය හතර) ඔවුන් සාදාගෙන ඇති ලිඛිත ක්‍රමය කුමක්දැයි නොසලකන අතරම අන් සියලුම කතා කරන භාෂාවන්වල ද සැබැවින්ම මේ ආකාරයේය.

ස්ථාන වටිනාකම් අංකනය ලෙස ද හඳුන්වන ස්ථානීය ක්‍රමය වඩාත් කදිමය. නැවතත් 10 පාදයේ ක්‍රියා කිරීමේ දී අපි එකිනෙකට වෙනස් 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 යන සංඛ්‍යාංක භාවිතා කරන අතර සංඛ්‍යාංකයක ස්ථානය, එම සංඛ්‍යාව ගුණ කළ යුතු 10 බලය හැඟවීමට භාවිතා කරයි. 304 දී නම් , 304 = 3×100 + 0×10 + 4×1 වේ. බලයක් "මඟ හැරීමට" හැකියාව ඇති කිරීම පිණිස, අනික් පද්ධතිවල දී අවශ්‍ය නොවූ ශුන්‍යය, මෙහි දී තීරණාත්මක වැදගත්කමකින් යුක්තය. වර්තමානයේ ලෝකය පුරා භාවිතා වන ඉන්දියාවේ ලබාගත් හින්දු - අරාබි සංඛ්‍යාංක ක්‍රමය, ස්ථානීය 10 පාදයේ ක්‍රමයකි.

පෙර පැවති ආකලන ඒවායේදී වඩා ස්ථානීය පද්ධතිවලදි අංක ගණිතය වඩාත් පහසුය. තවදුරටත් , ආකලන ක්‍රමවලට 10 විවිධ බල සඳහා , දියුණු කළ හැකි විවිධ සංකේත අපරිමිත සංඛ්‍යාවක අවශ්‍යතාවයක් පවතින අතර ස්ථානීය පද්ධතිවලට අවශ්‍ය වනුයේ එකිනෙකට වෙනස් සංකේත 10ක් පමණි. (එය 10 පාදයේ භාවිතා කරන්නේ යැයි උපකල්පනය කරමින්)
ඉලක්කම් හෝ සංකේත මඟින් සංඛ්‍යා ලිවීමේ දී භාවිතා කරන සංඛ්‍යාංක කොටස් 2කට බෙදා දැක්විය හැකිය. ඒවා නම්, වෙන වෙනම පිළිවෙලින් 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 යන අංකමය සංඛ්‍යාංක හා 1,10,100,1000,10000, ........ වැනි ගුණෝත්තර සංඛ්‍යාංක වේ. සංකේත වටිනාකම් පද්ධතිවලදී ගුණෝත්තර සංඛ්‍යාංක පමණක් භාවිතා කරන අතර, ස්ථානීය පද්ධතිවලදී අංකමය සංඛ්‍යාංක පමණක් භාවිතා කරයි. සංකේත වටිනාකම් පද්ධතිවලට අංකමය සංඛ්‍යාංක අවශ්‍ය නොවේ. එයට හේතුව ඒවා පුනරාවර්තනය මඟින් සෑදී තිබීමයි. (අයනික පද්ධති හැර) ස්ථානීය පද්ධතිවලට ගුණෝත්තර සංඛ්‍යාංක අවශ්‍ය නොවේ. එයට හේතුව ඒවා ස්ථාන මඟින් සෑදී තිබීමයි. කෙසේ වුවත් කතා කරන භාෂාවේ දී අංකමය හා ගුණෝත්තර යන සංඛ්‍යාංක දෙවර්ගයම භාවිතා කරයි.

පරිගණක විද්‍යාවේ සමහර විෂය පථවල සමක්ෂේපිත සංඛ්‍යාංකනය ලෙස හඳුන්වන නවීකරණය කරන ලද k  පාදයේ ස්ථානීය ක්‍රමයක් භාවිතා කරයි. මෙහිදී 1,2,...... k (k ≥ 1) යන සංඛ්‍යාංක භාවිතා කරන අතර ශුන්‍ය හිස් තතක් මඟින් නිරූපණය කෙරේ. මෙය ඉදිරියේ ඇති ශුන්‍යයන් මඟින් ඇති කරන අනන්‍ය නොවන බව, මඟ හරින අතර එවැනි සියලුම ඉලක්කම් - තත් කුලක සහ සෘණ නොවන නිඛිල කුලක අතර සමක්ෂේපණයක් ඇත. k පාදයේ සමක්ෂේපිත සංඛ්‍යාංකනය k-adic අංකනය ලෙස ද හඳුන්වයි. මෙය p-adic සංඛ්‍යා සමඟ පටලවා නොගන්න . 1 පාදයේ සමක්ෂේපණය ඒකජ ක්‍රමයම වෙයි.

සටහන්

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 Numeral system - Types of Numeral Systems
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|(A1079)
ගණිතය

සංඛ්‍යාංක පද්ධතිවල ආකාර


Ivan Konstantinovič Ajvazovski (ru. Ива́н Константи́нович Айвазо́вский, armenski: Հովհաննես Այվազովսկի; 29. srpnja 1817. — 5. svibnja 1900.) je bio ruski slikar armenskog podrijetla, najpoznatiji po svojim slikama mora koje zauzimaju više od polovice njegova ukupnog stvaralaštva.

Životopis
Rođen je u siromašnoj armenskoj obitelji i kršten je kao Hovhannes Aivazian. Njegov slikarski talent mu osigurava stipendiju za školovanje u gimnaziji, a poslije i u Umjetničkoj školi u Sankt Peterburgu, koju završava osvojivši za svoje radove "zlatnu medalju".

Osvajajući priznanja za svoje slike pejzaža i otvorenog mora, odlazi da slika seriju portreta manjih gradova, prije nego što odlazi na proputovanje Europom u potrazi za iskustvima, gdje je upoznao i engleskog slikara W. Turnera. Kasnije slika mornaricu na otvorenim morima što pozdravlja i prihvaća tadašnja ruska mornarica. Od tada Ajvazovski održava bliske veze s vojnom mornaricom i nazoči mnogim mornaričkim svečanostima. Također, slika i nešto radova vezanih za Osmansko carstvo i sultana, i te slike se danas nalaze u Turskim muzejima.

Od 856. do 1857. Ajvazovski je slikao u Parizu i tada mu je dodijeljena Legija časti, kao prvom ne-Francuzu koji je primio ove počasti.

Zahvaljujući svom dugom životu, Ajvazovski postaje najprofitabilniji ruski slikar onog doba. Za sobom ostavlja preko 6000 radova do svoje smrti 1900. god.Svojim novčanim fondovima tijekom života otvara umjetničku školu i galeriju u svom rodnom gradu na Krimu, Feodosiji.

Njegove slike su na aukcijama dosezale i do 3.200.000 dolara, a njegova međunarodna reputacija i dan danas raste.

Galerija odabranih radova

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Biografija Ivana Ajvazovskog
 Galerija radova

Armenski umjetnici
Ruski slikari
Slikari romantizma

Ivan Konstantinovič Ajvazovski


Den grå uldabe (Lagothrix cana) er en art i slægten uldaber blandt vestaberne. Den lever i uberørt regnskov, gerne nær vand, og er udbredt i Brasilien, Peru og Bolivia i Sydamerika.

Beskrivelse
Den grå uldabe er grå med sorte pletter. Pelsen er tyk og meget tæt. Kroppen er kompakt med et kraftigt skulderparti og kraftige hofter. Den lange og tykke hale anvendes som en femte arm. Panden er høj og hjernekassen temmelig stor. Kropslængden er 50-65 centimeter og halen lidt længere.

Den lever i blandede grupper, der har et dominanshierarki baseret på individernes alder. Det er dyr, der udviser meget lidt aggressivitet, selv over for andre grupper.

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

Pelsaber

Grå uldabe


إدغاردو باوزا  (ولد 26 يناير 1958 في سانتا في) هو لاعب كرة قدم أرجنتيني سابق والمدرب السابق للمنتخب السعودي.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في المكسيك
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون أرجنتينيون مغتربون في الإمارات العربية المتحدة
رياضيون أرجنتينيون مغتربون في البرازيل
رياضيون أرجنتينيون مغتربون في السعودية
رياضيون أرجنتينيون مغتربون في بيرو
رياضيون من محافظة سانتا
لاعبو الدوري الكولومبي لكرة القدم الدرجة الأولى
لاعبو الدوري المكسيكي الممتاز
لاعبو أتلتيكو جونيور
لاعبو إنديبندينتي
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الأرجنتيني
لاعبو روزاريو سنترال
لاعبو فيرا كروز
لاعبو كأس العالم 1990
لاعبو كرة قدم أرجنتينيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية أرجنتينيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية أرجنتينيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون أرجنتينيون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في المكسيك
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في كولومبيا
لاعبو كرة قدم من محافظة سانتا
لاعبو منتخب الأرجنتين لكرة القدم
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
مدربو الدوري البرازيلي الدرجة الأولى
مدربو دوري المحترفين السعودي
مدربو روزاريو سنترال
مدربو سان لورينزو
مدربو سبورتنغ كريستال
مدربو فيليز سارسفيلد
مدربو كرة قدم أرجنتينيون
مدربو كرة قدم أرجنتينيون مغتربون
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في الإكوادور
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في البرازيل
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في السعودية
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في بيرو
مدربو منتخب الأرجنتين لكرة القدم
مدربو منتخب الإمارات العربية المتحدة لكرة القدم
مدربو منتخب السعودية لكرة القدم
مدربو نادي النصر (السعودية)
مدربو نادي ساو باولو
مواليد 1958

إدغاردو باوزا


ඉංග්‍රීසි සාහිත්‍යයේ නූතනවාදය ගොඩනැගුනේ වික්ටෝරියානු සමයේ මතිමතාන්තර බිඳවැටීමත් සමඟය. නූතනවාදයේ ගමන  කෙරෙහි සෞන්දර්යවාදය, කාල් මාක්ස්ගේ දේශපාලන ලේඛන හා සිග්මන් ෆ්‍රවුඩ්ගේ මනෝවිචාරයන් මඟින් විශාල බලපෑමක් ඇති කරන ලදි.

නූතන සාහිත්‍යයේ උච්ඡතම අවස්ථාව පළමු හා දෙවන ලෝක යුද්ධ අතර කා‍ලයේදී ඇති විය. මෙම පෙරමුණෙහි ලක්ෂණ මුලින්ම දැන ගත හැකි වුයේ දහනව වන සියවසේ මැද හා අග සමය අතරතුරය. වික්ටෝරියානු සමයේ මුල්ම නූතනවාදී රචනා ජෙරාඩ් මැන්ලි හොප්කින්ස්, ඊ.ඒ. හවුස්මාන්, නවකතාකරුවකු හා කවියකු වන තෝමස් හාඩ්ගේ කෘති මඟින් දැකගත හැකිය.

විසිවන සියවසේ මුල්ම දශකවල නූතනවාදී කෘති වනුයේ  Dubliners,  (ජේම්ස් ජොයිස් ජෝසෆ්) Heart of Darkness (ජෝසෆ් කොන්රඩ්) හා විලියම් බට්ලර් යිස්ට්ගේ කවි හා නාට්‍යයන්ය.

ලෝක යුද්ධය අතරතුරදි බිහි වූ වැදගත් නවකතාකරුවන් වනුයේ වර්ජිනියා වුල්ෆ්, ඊ.එච්. ෆෝස්ටර්, අර්න්ස්ට් හෙමින්ය. වැදගත් කිවියන් නම් වොලස් ස්ටිවන්ස් හා රොබර්ට් ෆ්‍රොස්ට් යන අයය. මොවුන් නූතන නිර්මාණවලට ඇමෙරිකානු ආභාෂයක් එක් කළ නවකතාකරුවන් හා කවියන් වශයෙන් හැඳින්වීම යෝග්‍යය.

ඇතැම්විට නූතනවාදි පෙරමුණෙහි විවාදයට තුඩු දුන් චරිතය වන්නේ එඩ්රා පවුන්ඩ්ය. ඇගේ කෘති ටී.එස්. එලියට් හා ජේම්ස් ජොයිස් ගේ නිර්මාණවල එකතුවක් වැනිය. මෙහිලා Lllysses නවකථාව  එම සියවසේ වැදගත්ම සාහිත්‍යමය ජයග්‍රහණයක් විය. පවුන්ඩ් විසිවන සියවසේ ඉංග්‍රීසි කාව්‍යයේ ප්‍රධානතම අංගය වන නිදහස් කාව්‍ය හා චින්තනය යන අංශවලට හේතු වන නිර්මාණ ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලදී.

ජර්ට්‍රඩ් ස්මේන් යන ඇමෙරිකානු රචකයා මේ සමයෙහි විසු අසාමාන්‍ය සාහිත්‍ය බලවේගයකි. ඇය ප්‍රසිද්ධ වුයේ ඇගේ කෘතියක වන ' Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose ' යන වදන් පෙළටය.

මේ සමයෙහි විසූ අනෙකුත් සැළකිය යුතු රචකයන් වන්නේ එච්.ඩී.මේරියන් ටුවර්, එලිසබෙත් බිෂෝප්, ඩබ්ලිව්. එච්. අවුඩන්,මිලැදමීර් නොබොකොච්, විලියම් කාලොස් විලියම්ස් රැල්ෆ් එලිසන්, ඩිලන් තෝමස්, ආර්.එස් තෝමස් හා ග්‍රැහැම් ග්‍රීන්ස් ය. කෙසේ වෙතත් සමහර රචකයෝ පශ්චාත් නූතනවාදය හා බැඳුණෝ වෙති.

සටහන්
සාහිත්‍යය
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නූතනවාදය


Le Flesselles est une montgolfière qui porte le nom de Jacques de Flesselles, intendant de Lyon.
C'est le premier vol d'un aérostat à Lyon, le , et le deuxième en montgolfière après le vol originel de Paris. Un autre vol en ballon à gaz a déjà eu lieu à Paris en 1783.

Préparatifs
Flesselles a lancé une souscription pour soutenir les expériences des frères Montgolfier. Laurencin est le principal mécène. Le projet initial est de faire voler un grand ballon aérostatique d'allure élégante, de solidité convenable, mais sans passager. En décembre, Pilâtre de Rozier, le premier voyageur aérien arrive à Lyon, attiré par l'expérience. Il estime que le ballon peut transporter des passagers et ajoute une galerie en bois.

Nombreux sont les candidats pour ce vol expérimental, puisque  trente à quarante personnes se font inscrire pour être du nombre des voyageurs. Six passagers sont choisis : Joseph de Montgolfier (dont ce sera l'unique vol {ref NHLM, ), le pilote : Pilâtre de Rozier, le comte de Laurencin, le comte de Dampierre, le prince Charles de Ligne, fils aîné du prince de Ligne (on ne peut lui refuser car son père avait pris cent souscriptions), le comte Jean-François de Laporte d'Anglefort et Claude Gabriel Fontaine.

Ce dernier, marchand de bois et agent commercial des Montgolfier à Lyon, a construit le ballon. Le chantier occupe .

Les essais captifs ont lieu du 7 au 15 janvier. Les spectateurs se pressent déjà en grand nombre. Les essais suivants sont compliqués par le mauvais temps, froid et humide. Le 16 janvier, le ballon prend feu. Le 18 janvier, il tombe beaucoup de neige. Le 19 janvier, on doit faire un grand feu de charbon pour sécher les toiles, il faut deux heures pour gonfler le ballon alors que les essais précédents avaient duré vingt-sept minutes.

Description du ballon
Le Flesselles est de proportions gigantesques , . de haut, . de diamètre, il pèse .

L'enveloppe est formée par trois papiers entre deux canevas. Un filet enveloppe le tout et retient la galerie. La partie supérieure de la calotte est blanche, le reste est gris, des bandes de laine de différentes couleurs sont tendues sur le cône. Les nombreuses gravures reproduites montrent des ballons décorés de façons différentes. L'aérostat original comporte deux médaillons représentant des allégories de l'Histoire, et de la Renommée ; le pavillon porte le nom et les armes de Flesselles.

De nombreuses gravures représentent ce ballon, décoré différemment selon les graveurs :

L'événement
Le 19 janvier, vers midi, on dit qu'une foule de 100 0000 lyonnais se rassemble aux Brotteaux. Ce nombre semble exagéré, car la population de Lyon est alors de . Des étrangers, des savants, sont venus de loin voir les préparatifs et l'évènement, tel le physicien Horace de Saussure, venu de Genève, qui sera reçu à l'Académie de Lyon.

Quatre passagers commencent à monter dans la nacelle. Pilâtre de Rozier est conscient que le ballon est fatigué par le gel, la pluie et le feu, et les manœuvres précédentes. Il voudrait alléger le poids, il propose de réduire le nombre à trois ou quatre et de tirer au sort. Le débat est animé, car personne ne veut descendre. Flesselles lance le départ. Lorsqu'on coupe les cordes, Montgolfier et Pilâtre montent dans la galerie. C'est alors que le sieur Fontaine s'accroche et monte avec les autres ; puisqu'il a participé à la construction, ils n'osent le repousser, mais il est évident que la charge est en surpoids.

La machine tourne, baisse un peu, accroche une cloison de l'enceinte. Elle reste attachée par une corde qu'un spectateur coupe d'un coup de hache.

Il est midi quarante-cinq. Le vent est faible et le ballon décolle lentement, mais l'effet apparait extraordinaire et l'émotion est grande parmi les spectateurs. En quatorze minutes, le ballon s'élève à plus de 10 ou 18 cents pieds.
Le ballon se dirige vers le Rhône. De crainte de tomber dans le fleuve, les voyageurs alimentent le feu pour s'élever à nouveau. Le vent ayant tourné, le ballon revient au-dessus des Brotteaux.

Apparait une ouverture verticale de , là où les toiles avaient déjà été endommagées le vendredi et tiraillées au moment du départ. Le ballon reste un instant stationnaire. La déchirure contraint Pilâtre de Rozier à lâcher du lest pour ralentir la chute. En trois minutes, le ballon redescend très vite. En raison de l'importance du volume, la chute n'est pas dangereuse pour les voyageurs et l'atterrissage est supportable.

Le vol a duré seize minutes, le ballon a effectué une boucle sur un quart de lieue.

Hommages

Le soir, le spectacle Iphigénie en Aulide, donné au Grand Théâtre, est interrompu au moment où Jacques de Flesselles et Joseph Montgolfier entrent dans la loge de l'intendance. Les aéronautes sont acclamés pour leur exploit.

Le 20 janvier, lors de la réception à l'Académie de Lyon, Joseph Mathon félicite les sept voyageurs. L'Académie crée, sur la proposition de Flesselles, un prix de  dont le sujet est :

En 1802, le Bulletin de Lyon diffuse une « Ode sur l'expérience aérostatique faite à Lyon par M. Montgolfier, en 1784 ».

Bibliographie
 .

 .

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Sujets connexes

 Aérostation
 Histoire de l'aérostation
 Ballon (aéronef)
 Montgolfière
 Gustave (montgolfière)
 Frères Montgolfier

Ballon aérostat
Famille de Montgolfier

Flesselles (montgolfière)


Oswald Bockstorffer (* vor 1481 in Memmingen; † nach 1510), auch Heckstorfer, Bogstorfer genannt, war Bildschnitzer, Glasmaler, Maler und Kunsthandwerker.

Erstmals wurde Oswald Bockstorffer als Maler zu Freiburg im Üechtland im Jahre 1493 im Urteilsbuch von Basel erwähnt. Bürger von Freiburg war Bockstorffer ab 1495. Er stand dort im Dienste der Bauhütte von St. Nikolaus, wo er mehrere Fenster ausbesserte und  1503/1504 eine Scheibe für den Platz über dem Sebastiansaltar lieferte. Im Jahre 1501 verlor er durch einen Schießunfall eine Hand. Im selben Jahr wurde ihm la belle fenêtre qu'on a placée à la chapelle bezahlt, um welche Kapelle es sich handelte, konnte bisher nicht festgestellt werden. Ab 1502 war er Lehrherr von Hans Lobenast aus Hof. Für die Friedhofskapelle in Freiburg lieferte er 1503/1504 ein Glasgemälde und 1504 ein Fenster nach Farvagny im Kanton Wallis, das wegen der späteren Zerstörung der Kirche nicht erhalten ist. Für fünf Fenster im Münzhaus wurde er 1505 bezahlt. Im Jahre 1510 wurde er letztmals erwähnt. Er gilt als der letzte Glasmaler in Freiburg, der die monumentale Glasmalerei beherrschte.

Werke
 1481: Stadtkirche Bad Wimpfen, Seitenkapellen Kruzifix
 1503/04: St. Nikolaus in Freiburg im Üechtland, Scheibe über dem Sebastiansaltar

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Maler (Deutschland)
Glasmaler (Deutschland)
Person (Memmingen)
Geboren im 15. Jahrhundert
Gestorben im 16. Jahrhundert
Mann

Oswald Bockstorffer


Radamés de Jesús (Radamés de Jesús Piña González; Cuernavaca, Morelos, Meksiko, 25. travnja 1972. — ) meksički je glumac poznat po svojim ulogama u telenovelama.

Njegova je majka glumica María Montejo (María González Sánchez), a baka Carmen Montejo.

Filmografija
Luz y sombra
Mágica juventud — Carlos
Marisol
El niño que vino del mar
Između ljubavi i mržnje — Marcelino, "brat" Ane Cristine Robles (Susana González)
Pobjeda ljubavi — Domingo
Guerra de chistes

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Radamés de Jesús habla sobre la golpiza que le dio a La Wanders Lover
Meksički televizijski glumci

Radamés de Jesús


ثقافة المغرب العربي هي ثقافة دول المغرب العربي الممتد من ليبيا شرقا إلى تونس ، الجزائر ، المغرب وصولا إلى موريتانيا غربا ، ثقافة تكونت من الأمازيغ السكان الأصليين للمنطقة ومزيج من الحضارات الأوروبية من الإمبراطورية الرومانية وصولا إلى الوندال والمسلمين العرب الفاتحين في القرن الثامن الميلادي .
أشتهرت المنطقة منذ القديم بتنوعها الحضاري من مملكة نوميديا الأمازيغية إلى الإمبراطورية القرطاجية وتركت بصمتا في ثقافة وتاريخ هذه المنطقة إلى يومنا هذا ، لكن أغلب التقاليد التي لازالت تتدول إلى اليوم هي في الأساس أمازيغية قديمة وعربية قدمت مع فتح بلاد المغرب الإسلامي في عهد الدولة الأموية .

ليبيا
ثقافة ليبية

تونس
ثقافة تونس

المغرب
المغرب متعدد الإثنيات مع ثقافة وحضارة غنيتين. عبر التاريخ المغربي، استضاف هذا البلد العديد من الأشخاص القادمين من الشرق (الفينيقيون واليهود والعرب)، ومن الجنوب (أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء)، ومن الشمال (الرومان، الفاندال، المورو). وكان لكل هذه الفئات جميعها أثر على التركيبة الاجتماعية للمغرب، حيث أنها تضم العديد من المعتقدات، كاليهودية والمسيحية والإسلام.

فسيفساء

مشهد ريفي من بدايات القرن العشرين الميلادي

تمتلك كل منطقة مغربية خصوصياتها، وتساهم بالتالي في صنع فسيفساء الثقافة والإرث الحضاري المغربي، حيث وضعت المملكة ضمن أولوياتها المحافظة على تراثها الثقافي وحماية تنوعها وخصوصيتها.

في المجال السياسي العالمي، يشار للمغرب كدولة عربية إفريقية.

الجزائر
الثقافة الجزائرية، تشمل الأدب والموسيقى، والطبخ، والدين وجوانب أخرى من حياة الجزائري، وهي غنية ومتنوعة وعريقة جدا، في كل منطقة وكل مدينة أو واحة مساحة ثقافية معينة. منطقة القبائل، الأوراس، منطقة الجزائر العاصمة، الهضاب العليا، وادي مزاب، الهقار، الساورة، القطاع الوهراني هي مناطق تحمل خصوصيات ثقافية ولغوية في بعض الأحيان. تعود المظاهر الثقافية الأولى على الأرض الجزائرية لآلاف السنين، من خلال الفن الصخري العريق
 في طاسيلي ناجر. مرورا إلى جميع المباني الجميلة التي أقيمت طوال تاريخ هذا البلد، وصولا إلى الحرف التي الحاضرة دوما وغنية جدا، يعكس الفن الجزائري تاريخ هذا البلد وتأثيراته المختلفة.
وهي من البلدان الأفريقيّة العربية الأكبر مساحة، تقعُ في الشّمالِ الغربي من قارة أفريقيا، وهي عضوٌ في العديدِ من المؤسسات الجدولية؛ كاتحاد المغرب العربي والاتحاد الأفريقي والأمم المتحدة والأوبك، والعديد من المؤسسات العالمية الأخرى، ويطلق عليها (بلد المليون ونصف شهيد)؛ والذّين استشهدوا في ثورة التّحرير الوطنية، ويتمركز الجزائريون في المنطقة الشّمالية من البلاد لمناخها المناسب. الثقافة في الجزائر لا يختلف المجتمع الجزائري بشكلٍ كبيرٍ عن المجتمع الإسلامي، لكن في الوقت الحالي أصبحت الثّقافةُ الجزائرية أكثر تطوراً وانفتاحاً؛ فتفضل فئةُ الشّبابِ في الجزائر استخدام الإنترنت، والمشاركةَ في الكثير من المنتديات الإلكترونية، كما أنّ نسبة المطالعة وقراءة الصّحف ما زالتّ متوسطةً ولم تتدنَّ كثيراً، وخاصّةً عند فئة النّساء، وعادةً ما يفضلون الأفلامَ الغربيةَ وأفلام الأكشن والرّومانسية. الأدبُ الجزائري نشأَ العديدُ من الكتّاب المشهورين في الجزائر؛ الذين لهم دورٌ كبيرٌ في النهضة الأدبية، وكما حازوا على جوائز عالمية؛ مثل الكاتبة آسيا جبار، ومن أشهر الكتّابِ الجزائريين أيضاً أحلام مستغانمي والطّاهر الفضيلة الفاروق ومفدي زكريا. الفنون للفنون دورٌ كبيرٌ في بناءِ الحضارةِ الجزائريةِ؛ فنشأت العديدُ من الفنونِ على أرض الجزائر؛ كالفنونِ القديمةِ التّراثيةِ وصناعة التّحفِ؛ والفن العمارة في الجزائر وقد دخلت قائمةَ «التراث العربي» والعالمي العديدُ من الآثارِ القديمةِ؛ كقلعة بني حماد وادي ميزاب، وآثار مدينة «كويكول»، والعديدُ من المتاحف المنتشرة والتّي توجد بها العديد من التّماثيل الرّومانية القديمة، وتماثيلُ الرّجالِ السّياسين والفسيفساء، وما زال الفنُ منتشراً حديثاً في الرّسمِ وصناعةِ الحلي التّقليديةِ والملابسِ وصناعةِ النّحاس.

موريتانيا
شكلت موريتانيا[1]، منذ نشأتها حالة فريدة وجسرا تاريخيا بين العرب وإفريقيا. ومنذ أن بدأت هجرات القبائل العربية والبربرية الأولى إلى هذه الربوع بدأ نوع من الامتزاج والتعايش بين تلك القبائل والمجموعات والإفريقية لا إكراه فيه و كان مؤسسا في تشكيل بنية سكانية واجتماعية أخذت من تاريخ المنطقة كل مقومات الترافد الثقافى. وشكل الإسلام السنى المالكى عبر تاريخ البلاد المحدد الأول للهوية المشتركة وجسرا رابطا بين المجموعات المتعايشة في الفضاء الموريتانى من العرب والبولار والسوننكى والولوف ومع تعلقها الشديد بالدين والتدين كمقوم ثابت للعيش المشترك انتجت هذه المجموعات عبر تاريخها المشترك تراثا ثقافيا متنوعا يمتد على خارطة الوطن الثقافية من الموسيقى والشعر إلى المعمار والمخطوطات والعادات والتقاليد والأهازيج والفنون الشعبية والعادات والتقاليد المتداخلة والمتشابهة. و يمكن اعتبار موريتانيا اليوم حالية فريدة في التعايش بين ثقافات متنوعة وأعراق متعددة متصالحة وهو ما أنتج عملية تثاقف مستمرة في الزمان و المكان بين مجموعات تنتج نمطا ثقافيا واجتماعيا متعددا بتعدد الألسن يستجيب بطريقة مدهشة لمتطلبات الوحدة السياسية ويحترم ضرورات التنوع الثقافى. هذا النمط الثقافى المبتكر شكل الإسلام أبرز مكوناته وكانت الثقافة العربية الإسلامية تعززها الذهنية المتدينة أهم عوامل الصهر لكن مع وصول المستعمر كانت بذور الفرقة قد حصلت وإن لم تصل يوما إلى قطيعة حقيقية بالمعنى الإبستيمولوجى ويعتبر بعض الدارسين أن هذا (التمازج العربي الأفريقي) أساسه التنوع وليس ألاختلاف الا أنه يقوم على بنية مجتمعية ليست صلبة النسيج بما فيه الكفاية. فالتمثلات المحلية للأسلمة لم تقض مطلقا على الذهنية السائدة في ترسيخ الترابية في المجتمع التقليدي. ويدرك الموريتانيين أكثر من غيرهم أن اختلاف الأعراق والثقافات والألسن هو من ايات الله في خلقه و أحد مظاهر القوة والاستمرار ويتحدث علما الألسن عن مفارقة غريبة هي أن المجموعات المتعايشة في الفضاء الموريتانى لم تٌضمن قاموس لغتها التمييزية أي نمط سلطوي يحفظ خصوصيتها أوفوقيتها على حساب الآخرين، الأمر الذي أسس عمليا بهذه التركيبة الإنسانية المتعددة لمشروعية تاريخية صلبة في منطقة كانت وما زالت نقطة لتلاقح الحضارات والثقافات.

انظر أيضا:

انظر أيضا
 المغرب العربي.
 اقتصاد المغرب العربي.
 الدين في المغرب العربي.
 ثقافة شمال أفريقيا.
 المغرب

وصلات خارجية

ثقافة المغرب العربي

ثقافة المغرب العربي


Wsewolod Fjodorowitsch Rudnew (; *  in Dünamünde, Gouvernement Livland; †  in Myschonki bei Tula) war ein russischer Marineoffizier.

Rudnew trat in die Kaiserlich Russische Marine ein. Zu Beginn des Russisch-Japanischen Krieges war er Kapitän des Kreuzers Warjag. Das Schiff wurde zusammen mit dem russischen Kanonenboot Korejez im Hafen von Tschemulpo von einem überlegenen japanischen Verband gestellt und zur Kapitulation aufgefordert. Rudnew entschloss sich, den aussichtslosen Kampf aufzunehmen. Beide Schiffe wurden anschließend von ihren Besatzungen versenkt.

Wsewolod Rudnew wurde mit dem Sankt-Georgs-Orden und nach dem Krieg als erster Russe mit dem japanischen Orden der Aufgehenden Sonne ausgezeichnet. Er wurde entlassen, als er sich weigerte, nach dem Aufstand 1905 seine Matrosen zu bestrafen und trat als Konteradmiral in den Ruhestand.

Literatur

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Konteradmiral (Russisches Kaiserreich)
Träger des Ordens der Aufgehenden Sonne
Person im Russisch-Japanischen Krieg
Russe
Geboren 1855
Gestorben 1913
Mann

Wsewolod Fjodorowitsch Rudnew


lsaac Mitchell  es un personaje ficticio de la serie de televisión británica EastEnders, interpretado por el actor Ross Kemp del 22 de febrero de 1990, hasta 1999 y del 2005 hasta el 9 de junio de 2006. Kent regresó a la serie en el 13 de mayo del 2016 y su última aparición fue el 9 de septiembre del 2016.

Antecedentes
Grant es el segundo hijo de Eric y Peggy Mitchell, era muy unido a su hermano Phil Mitchell y juntos protegían a su hermana menor, Sam Mitchell. Grant fue paracaidista del ejército y tomó un curso de mecánica, sin embargo la Guerra de las Malvinas lo marcó profundamente por lo que decidió abandonar el ejército y regresar a su vida como civil, sin embargo al inicio se le dificultó ya que tenía recuerdos de la guerra, pesadillas y enojo.

Biografía
Cuando Grant regresa a Walford en marzo del 2016 descubre que Mark Fowler es su hijo, poco después el 9 de septiembre del 2016 decide irse y se muda a Portugal con su hija Courtney Mitchell.

Notas
 Entre sus historias más importantes se encuentran: haber sido sospechoso del asesinato de Royle, haber incendiado el Queen Vic, haber descubierto la aventura de su esposa Sharon con su hermano Phil, tener constantes enfrentamientos con su hermano, comenzar una aventura con la madre de su esposa Tiffany, haberse acostado con la esposa de su hermano Kathy Hills para vengarse por lo sucedido con Sharon, haber sido secuestrado por Johnny Allen y Danny Moon, por haber tenido una aventura con Jane Collins y relaciones con la joven Chelsea Fox.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Eastenders Official Website > Character > Grant Mitchell

Personajes de EastEnders
Camareros ficticios
Criminales ficticios
Empresarios ficticios
Mecánicos ficticios

Grant Mitchell


An Polystachya bella in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Victor Samuel Summerhayes. An Polystachya bella in nahilalakip ha genus nga Polystachya, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Image gallery

Polystachya

Polystachya bella


Vladimir Prelog  (23 July 1906 – 7 January 1998) was a Croatian-Swiss organic chemist who received the 1975 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions. Prelog was born and grew up in Sarajevo. He lived and worked in Prague, Zagreb and Zürich during his lifetime.

Early life
Prelog was born in Sarajevo, Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina, at that time within Austria-Hungary, to Croat parents who were working there. His father, Milan, a native of Zagreb, was a history professor at a gymnasium in Sarajevo and later at the University of Zagreb. As an 8-year-old boy, he stood near the place where the assassination of Franz Ferdinand occurred.

Education

Prelog attended elementary school in Sarajevo, but in 1915, as a child, Prelog moved to Zagreb (then part of the Austro-Hungary) with his parents. In Zagreb he graduated from elementary school. At first, he attended gymnasium in Zagreb, but soon afterwards, his father got a job in Osijek, so he continued his education there. He spent two years in Osijek gymnasium, where he became interested in chemistry under the influence of his professor Ivan Kuria.

In 1922, as a 16-year-old boy, his first scientific work was published in the German scientific journal Chemiker Zeitung. The article concerned an analytical instrument used in chemical labs. Prelog completed his high school education in Zagreb in 1924. Following his father's wishes, he moved to Prague, where he received his diploma in chemical engineering from the Czech Technical University in 1928. He received his Sc.D in 1929. His teacher was Emil Votoček, while his assistant and mentor Rudolf Lukeš introduced him to the world of organic chemistry.

Upon leaving the Czech Technical University, Prelog worked in the plant laboratory of the private firm of G.J. Dríza in Prague; few academic positions were available due to the Great Depression. Prelog was in charge of the production of rare chemicals that were not commercially available at that time. He worked for Driza from 1929 until 1935. During the time, he got his first doctoral candidate, a company owner at Driza. He performed research in his spare time, investigating alkaloids in cacao bark.

Career and research

Prelog wanted to work in an academic environment, so he accepted the position of lecturer at the University of Zagreb in 1935. At the Technical Faculty in Zagreb, he lectured on organic chemistry and chemical engineering.

With the help of collaborators and students, Prelog started researching quinine and its related compounds. He was financially supported by the pharmaceutical factory "Kaštel", currently Pliva. He developed a financially successful method of producing Streptazol, one of the first commercial sulfonamides. In 1941, while at Zagreb, Prelog developed the first synthesis of adamantane, a hydrocarbon with an unusual structure that was isolated from Moravian oil fields.

Zürich
In 1941, in the midst of World War II, Prelog was invited to lecture in Germany by Richard Kuhn. Shortly afterwards, Lavoslav Ružička, whom Prelog asked for help, invited Prelog to visit him on his way to Germany. He and his wife used those invitations to escape to Zürich in Switzerland. With Ružička's help, he gained support from CIBA Ltd. and started to work in the Organic Chemistry Laboratory in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH, or Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule). Prelog was able to separate the chiral enantiomers of Tröger's base in 1944 by chromatography on an optically active substrate.

With this chiral resolution, he was able to prove that not only carbon but also nitrogen atoms can be the chiral centre in a molecule, which had been speculated for several years. His relationship with Ružička helped him climb up the academic hierarchical ladder. Starting as an assistant, he became Privat-Dozent, Titularprofessor, associate professor, and in 1952 full professor. In 1957 he succeeded Ružička as head of the Laboratory. Since Prelog disliked administrative duties, he implemented rotating chairmanship in the ETH. Prelog joined the ETH at the right time, since Ružička's Jewish co-workers left the country and went to the United States, so Prelog filled the vacuum they left.

Later work in Switzerland
Prelog's main interest was focused on alkaloids. He found an ideal topic in the elucidation of the structure of solanine; he continued his work on Cinchona alkaloids and started to investigate strychnine. He showed that Robert Robinson's formula for strychnine was not correct. Although the formula he proposed was also not the right one, the discovery increased his international prestige. Later he worked on elucidating the structures of aromatic Erythrina alkaloids with Derek Barton, Oskar Jeger and Robert Burns Woodward.

At mid-century, the instrumental revolution necessitated a new approach to structural elucidation. Purely chemical methods had become outdated and had lost some of their intellectual appeal. Recognizing the growing importance of microbial metabolites, Prelog started working on these compounds, which possess unusual structures and interesting biological properties. It led him into antibiotics, and he subsequently elucidated the structures of such compounds as nonactin, boromycin, and rifamycins. For Prelog, natural products represented more than a chemical challenge. He considered them a record of billions of years of evolution.

In 1944 at the ETH, Prelog managed to separate enantiomers with "asymmetric" trivalent nitrogen by column chromatography at a time when this method was still in its infancy. His work on medium-sized alicyclic and heterocyclic rings established him as a pioneer in stereochemistry and conformational theory and brought an invitation to give the first Centenary Lecture of the Chemical Society in London in 1949. He synthesised medium-sized ring compounds with 8 to 12 members from dicarboxylic acid esters by acyloin condensation and explained their unusual chemical reactivity by a "nonclassical" strain because of energetically unfavorable conformations. He also contributed to the understanding of Bredt's rule by showing that a double bond may occur at the bridgehead if the ring is large enough.

In his research of asymmetric syntheses, Prelog studied enantioselective reactions and established rules for the relationship between configuration of educts and products. From Prelog's researches into the stereospecificity of microbiological reductions of alicyclic ketones and the enzymic oxidation of alcohols, he contributed not only to the knowledge of the mechanism of stereospecificity of enzymic reactions in general but also to the structure of the active site of the enzyme.

Specifying the growing number of stereoisomers of organic compounds became for Prelog one of his important aims. In 1954 he joined R. S. Cahn and Christopher Ingold in their efforts to build a system for specifying a particular stereoisomers by simple and unambiguous descriptors that could be easily assigned and deciphered: The CIP system (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) was developed for defining absolute configuration using "sequence rules". Together they published two papers. After Cahn and Ingold died, Prelog published a third paper on the topic. In 1959, Prelog obtained Swiss citizenship.

Awards and honours
Prelog was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1960 and the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1961.

Prelog was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1962 for his contribution to the development of modern stereochemistry.

Prelog received the 1975 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reaction, sharing it with the Australian/British research chemist John Cornforth. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society the following year.

In 1986, he became an honorary member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts. Prelog was also a member of Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Personal life
In 1933, Prelog married Kamila Vitek. The couple had a son Jan (born 1949).

An intellectual with a wide cultural background, Prelog was one of the 109 Nobel Prize winners who signed the peace appeal for Croatia in 1991.

Vladimir Prelog died in Zürich, at the age of 91. An urn containing Prelog's ashes was ceremoniously interred at the Mirogoj cemetery in Zagreb on 27 September 2001. In 2008, a memorial to Prelog was unveiled in Prague.

References

External links
  including the Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1975 Chirality in Chemistry

1906 births
1998 deaths
20th-century Croatian people
20th-century chemists
Croatian chemists
Organic chemists
Nobel laureates in Chemistry
Croatian Nobel laureates
Nobel laureates from Austria-Hungary
Swiss Nobel laureates
Academic staff of ETH Zurich
Foreign Members of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Foreign Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Bosnia and Herzegovina scientists
Croatian Austro-Hungarians
Croatian emigrants to Switzerland
Yugoslav emigrants to Switzerland
Scientists from Sarajevo
Burials at Mirogoj Cemetery
Czech Technical University in Prague alumni
Stereochemists
Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Yugoslav Nobel laureates
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriates in Switzerland

Vladimir Prelog


En slipseknude er en knude, der bindes på et slips.

Der findes flere forskellige måder at binde en slipseknude, eksempelvis

Four-in-hand
Windsorknude
Halv windsorknude
 Pratt-knude

Slips

Slipseknude


Mehmet Rifat Börekçi (29 Kasım 1860 - 5 Mart 1941), Türk din adamı ve siyasetçi, 1. Diyanet İşleri Başkanı.

Ankara'nın yerlisi ve müftüsü sıfatıyla, Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı'na ve Mustafa Kemal Paşa'ya önemli destekte bulunan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin ilk Diyanet İşleri Başkanıdır (1924-1941). Bir dönem milletvekilliği de yaptı (23 Nisan - 27 Ekim 1920).

Hayatı
1860'ta Ankara'nın Beynam köyünde doğdu. Babası Ankara'nın alimlerinden Börekçizade Ali Kazım Efendi'dir. İlk ve orta öğrenimini Ankara'da tamamladıktan sonra yükseköğrenim için İstanbul'a gitti. Burada Beyazıt Medresesi müderrislerinden Atıf Efendi'nin derslerine devam edip dini yüksek ilimleri tahsil ederek icazetname (diploma) almaya hak kazandı.

İlk memuriyetine Ankara'daki Fazliye Medresesi'nde öğretim üyesi olarak başladı. 10 Ekim 1898'de Ankara İstinaf Mahkemesi üyeliğine getirildi. 25 Kasım 1908 tarihinde de Ankara Müftüsü oldu. Ayrıca 1911 yılında bir müddet Sivrihisar Kaymakamlığı görevini de vekaleten yürüttü. Bu arada memuriyetinin yanı sıra, eğitim-öğretime olan ilgisini devam ettirdi. Bu cümleden olarak, 1918'de Musile-i Süleymaniye (Süleymaniye Medresesinde büyük müderrislere verilen bir unvan) payesi ile Bursa Müderrisliği kendisine tekrar tevcih edildi. 1920'de "İzmir Paye-i Mücerridi" ve yine aynı yılda "Mahreç Payesi"ne layık görülmüştür. Göstermiş olduğu bu başarılarının bir mükafatı olarak, 1920'de de her türlü devlet hizmetlerinde güzel işler görenlere iftihar ve imtiyazı mucip olmak üzere çıkarılan "Dördüncü Rütbeden Osmani Nişanı" ile ödüllendirildi.

Milli Mücadele'de Şeyhülislam Dürrizade'nin fetvasına karşı Ankara Fetvası'nı ilan etti. Fetva 153 müftü tarafından imzalanarak dağıtıldı. Bunun üzerine 24 Nisan 1920 tarihinde padişah imzasıyla Ankara Müftülüğü görevinden alındı ve Divan-ı Harb tarafından Milli Mücadeleye verdiği destekten dolayı idama mahkûm edildi.

23 Nisan 1920'de toplanan TBMM 1. Dönem'e Menteşe (Muğla) mebusu olarak girdi. Ancak 27 Ekim 1920 tarihinde Müftülük görevini tercih ederek milletvekilliğinden istifa etti. 23 Aralık 1922 - 30 Mart 1924 tarihleri arasında Şer'iye Vekaleti Heyet-i İftâ azalığında bulundu. 4 Nisan 1924'te yeni kurulan Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı görevine geldi. Soyadı Kanunu'nun çıkmasından sonra "Börekçi" soyadını aldı ve 5 Mart 1941 tarihinde vefat edene kadar bu görevde kaldı.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Ankara Fetvası

Kaynakça

 Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı

1860 doğumlular
1941 yılında ölenler
Ankara doğumlu siyasetçiler
TBMM 1. dönem Muğla milletvekilleri
Ankara'da ölenler
Cebeci Asri Mezarlığı'na defnedilenler

Mehmet Rifat Börekçi


Hacılı, Tunceli ilinin Pülümür ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
1518, 1523 ve 1530 yıllarında "Hacılu Türk", 1569 ve 1642 yıllarında "Hacılu" adıyla görülen yerleşimde kayıtlara göre sadece Müslüman nüfus yaşamaktaydı.

Coğrafya
Tunceli iline 79 km, Pülümür ilçesine 9 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Pülümür belde ve köyleri

Hacılı, Pülümür


Mahāsī Sayādaw U Sobhana (, ; 29 July 1904 – 14 August 1982) was a Burmese Theravada Buddhist monk and meditation master who had a significant impact on the teaching of vipassanā (insight) meditation in the West and throughout Asia.

In his style of practice, derived from the so-called New Burmese Method of U Nārada, the meditator lives according to Buddhist morality as a prerequisite for meditation practice. Meditation itself entails the practice of "bare insight," using satipaṭṭhāna, the four foundations of mindfulness, to anchor the attention on the sensations of the rising and falling of the abdomen during breathing, observing carefully any other sensations or thoughts. This is coupled to reflection on the Buddhist teachings on causality, thereby gaining insight into anicca, dukkha, and anattā and attaining stream entry.

Mahāsī Sayādaw was a questioner and final editor at the Sixth Buddhist Council on May 17, 1954.

Biography
Mahāsi Sayādaw was born in 1904 in Seikkhun village in Upper Burma. He became a novice at age twelve, and was ordained at the age of twenty with the name Sobhana. Over the course of decades of study, he passed the rigorous series of government examinations in the Theravāda Buddhist texts, gaining the newly introduced Dhammācariya (dhamma teacher) degree in 1941.

In 1931, U Sobhana took leave from teaching scriptural studies in Moulmein, South Burma, and went to nearby Thaton to practice intensive Vipassana meditation under Mingun Jetawun Sayādaw (also rendered Mingun Jetavana Sayādaw), also known as U Nārada. This teacher had practiced in the remote Sagaing Hills of Upper Burma, under the guidance of Aletawya Sayādaw, a student of the forest meditation master Thelon Sayādaw. U Sobhāna first taught Vipassana meditation in his home village in 1938, at a monastery named for its massive drum 'Mahāsi'. He became known in the region as Mahāsi Sayādaw. In 1947, the Prime Minister of Burma, U Nu, invited Mahāsi Sayādaw to be resident teacher at a newly established meditation center in Yangon, which came to be called the Mahāsi Sāsana Yeiktha.

Mahāsi Sayādaw was a questioner and final editor at the Sixth Buddhist Council on May 17, 1954. He helped establish meditation centers all over Burma as well as in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Thailand, and by 1972 the centers under his guidance had trained more than 700,000 meditators. In 1979, he travelled to the West, holding retreats at newly founded centers such as the Insight Meditation Society (IMS) in Barre, Massachusetts, U.S. In addition, meditators came from all over the world to practice at his center in Yangon. When the Mahāsi Sayādaw died on 14 August 1982 following a massive stroke, thousands of devotees braved the torrential monsoon rains to pay their last respects.

Practice
Mahāsi's method is based on the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta, which describes how one focuses attention on the breath, noticing how one breathes in and out. Practice begins with the preparatory stage, the practice of sīla, morality, giving up worldly thoughts and desires.<ref>Mahāsi Sayādaw, Manual of Insight, Chapter 5</ref> The practitioner then engages in satipatthana by mindfulness of breathing. One pays attention to any arising mental or physical phenomenon, engaging in vitakka, noting or naming physical and mental phenomena ("breathing, breathing"), without engaging the phenomenon with further conceptual thinking.Bhante Bodhidhamma, Vipassana as taught by The Mahasi Sayadaw of Burma By noticing the arising of physical and mental phenomena, the meditator becomes aware how sense impressions arise from the contact between the senses and physical and mental phenomena, as described in the five skandhas and paṭiccasamuppāda. This noticing is accompanied by reflections on causation and other Buddhist teachings, leading to insight into anicca, dukkha, and anattā. When the three characteristics have been comprehended, reflection subdues, and the process of noticing accelerates, noting phenomena in general, without necessarily naming them.

Notable students
Ashin Silanandabivamsa
 (Panditārāma)
 (U Janakabhivamsa)
Achan Sobin S. Namto
Nyanaponika Thera
Anagarika Munindra
Dipa Ma
Ashin Jinarakkhita
Joseph Goldstein
Sharon Salzberg
Jack Kornfield
Freda Bedi
G. V. Desani
Pa-Auk Sayadaw

Publications
Mahāsi Sayādaw published nearly seventy volumes of Buddhist literature in Burmese, many of these transcribed from talks. He completed a Burmese translation of the Visuddhimagga, ("The Path of Purification") a lengthy treatise on Buddhist practice by the 5th century Indian Theravadin Buddhist commentator and scholar Buddhaghosa. He also wrote a volume entitled Manual of Vipassana Meditation''. His English works include:

Notes

References

Sources

External links

A Discourse on Paticcasamuppada by Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw
Biographical Sketch of Mahāsi Sayādaw from Buddhanet.net
The Practical Dharma of Mahasi Sayadaw
The Venerable Mahāsi Sayādaw's Discourses and Treatises on Buddhism
Books by Mahāsi Sayādaw
Biography of Mahāsi Sayādaw from the American Burma Buddhist Association
A Discourse on Satipatthana Vipassana by Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw from Accesstoinsight.org

1904 births
1982 deaths
Burmese scholars of Buddhism
Theravada Buddhist monks
Burmese Buddhist monks
Burmese Theravada Buddhists
People from Sagaing Region
Burmese spiritual writers
20th-century Buddhist monks

Mahasi Sayadaw


Johannes Robert Jensen (født 2. februar 1916 i Kalundborg, død 2. august 1984 i Hvidovre) var en dansk hockeyspiller, der deltog på det danske landshold ved OL 1936 i Berlin samt 1948 i London. Robert Jensen spillede for Kalundborg Hockeyklub og opnåede i alt 31 landskampe i perioden 1935-1958.

Ved OL i 1936 blev Danmark delt nummer syv blandt de elleve deltagende hold efter nederlag i indledende runde til Tyskland og uafgjort mod Afghanistan samt i nederlag i to placeringskampe mod henholdsvis Schweiz og Japan.

I 1948 blev Danmark nummer 13 og sidst efter tre nederlag og et uafgjort resultat i den indledende pulje; dermed var Danmark elimineret fra turneringen.

Referencer

Hockeyspillere fra Danmark
Deltagere for Danmark ved sommer-OL 1936
Deltagere for Danmark ved sommer-OL 1948

Robert Jensen (hockeyspiller)


معالج Athlon 64 X2 هو أول معالج من نوع معالج متعدد اللب مصمم من قبل شركة أدفانسد مايكرو دفايسز ويستخدم للكمبيوترات المكتبية وهو أول تكتولو جيا تعمل بنظام 64 بت. البنية الأساسية لهذا المعالج هي عبارة عن نواتي معالجين من نوع Athlon 64 مربوطتين معا كما يحوي وحدة تحكم إضافية لتنظيم عمل النواتين معا. تتشارك النواتين في قناة مزدوجة للتحكم بالذاكرة وهي معتمدة في تصميمها على النموذج الموجود في معالج Athlon 64 كما يملك هذا المعالج مستويين من الذاكرة الخابية L2 Cache وهي إما من سعة 512 أو 1024 كيلوبايت. وبذلك يزيد معالج Athlon 64 X2 من إنجازه عن المعالجات وحيدة النوى بنسبة 80%.

معالجة Multithreading

أهم مايتميز به معالج AMD Athlon 64 X2 والمعالجات ذات النواتين هو القدرة على معالجة المزيد من البرمجيات المختلفة software threads في الوقت نفسه وهذا ما يقوم عليه مفهوم توازي المهام TLP.
بما أن النواتين الموجودتين في المعالج تملكان الأداء والسرعة نفسها التي يملكها المعالج وحيد النواة فان تنفيذ برنامج من نمط TLP يحتاج إلى نصف الوقت الذي يحتاجه المعالج وحيد النواة.
إذا تتم الاستفادة من المعالج ذو النواتين في حال البرامج المكتوبة بطريقة Multiple threads بالإضافة إلى القدرة على تشغيل تطبيقات صوت وفيديو في الوقت نفسه.
وهذه هي الناحية التي تتميز بها عائلة X2 عن معالجات Athlon 64
وقد بدأ المبرمجون في الوقت الحالي من الاستفادة من ميزات المعالجات التفرعية

تكلفة التصنيع
بسبب احتواء المعالج على نواتين فهو يحتوي أيضا على عدد أكبر من الترانستورات وبالتالي تكون شريحة السيلكون المصنع عليها ذات حجم أكبر وهذا بعني تعقيد في التصنيع وزيادة في سعر المعالج.
بسبب ذلك اعلنت شركة أدفانسد مايكرو دفايسز في منتصف حزيران من عام 2006 أنها لن تصنع الكثير من معالجات Athlon 64 X2 التي تمتلك L2 cache ذات السعة 1MB.

مواصفات معالج AMD Athlon 64 X2

 تاريخ التصنيع 2005
 العلامة التجارية شركة AMD
 مصمم من قبل AMD
 معدل القيمة العظمى للساعة 1.0 GHz إلى 3.2 GHz
 سرعة النقل 1000MT/s إلى 1800MT/s
 الحجم القياسي 90 nm إلى 65 nm
 مجموعة التعليمات التي يتقيد بها MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, x86-64, 3DNow
 عدد النوى 2
 المقابس الخاصة به Socket 939, Socket AM2

بعض المعالجات من عائلة Athlon X2

المعالجات الموجودة في الجدول هي فقط من المعالجات المستخدمة في الكمبيوترات المكتبية

المراجع

AMD Athlon™ X2 Dual-Core Processor 45W -FAQ

صفحات الإنترنت الخارجية

AMD Athlon™ X2 Dual-Core Processors for Desktop

AMD Prepares 45-watt "Brisbane"

compare between Intel dual core and AMD Athlon X2

الأجهزة الدقيقة المتقدمة إكس86
تقنية المعلومات

أثلون 64 إكس2


OVH este o companie franceză de cloud computing  care ofera VPS, servere dedicate si alte servicii web. Compania a fost fondată în 1999 de către familia Klaba  și are sediul în Roubaix, Franța. OVH este structurat ca societate pe acțiuni în conformitate cu legislația franceză.

Istorie și ascendența
OVH a fost fondată în 1999 de Octave Klaba, cu ajutorul a trei membri ai familiei (Henry, Haline și Miroslaw).  În octombrie 2016, s-a raportat că OVH a strâns 250 milioane de dolari pentru a spori expansiunea internațională.   Această rundă de finanțare a evaluat OVH la peste 1.000 de milioane de dolari.  În anul fiscal 2016, OVH a înregistrat venituri în valoare de 320 milioane €.

Fapte și cifre
Începând cu anul 2018, OVH are 27 de centre de date din 19 țări care găzduiesc 300.000 de servere.   Compania oferă servicii localizate, cum ar fi birourile de asistență pentru clienți în multe țări europene, precum și în America de Nord și Africa.

OVH este unul dintre sponsorii pentru Let's Encrypt .

WikiLeaks
În decembrie 2010, ediția Gizmodo franceză a dezvăluit că WikiLeaks a selectat OVH drept noul furnizor de gazduire, după refuzul Amazonului de al găzdui.   La 3 decembrie, controversa din ce în ce mai mare l-a determinat pe Eric Besson , ministrul industriei din Franța, să ia măsuri legale de a interzice această găzduire în Franța.  Măsura a eșuat.  La 6 decembrie 2010, un judecător a decis că nu este necesar ca OVH să înceteze găzduirea WikiLeaks.   Cazul a fost respins pe motiv că un astfel de caz a necesitat o audiere contradictorie .

Dezvăluirea informațiilor și vulnerabilități multiple
În ianuarie 2019, revista WebsitePlanet, a descoperit vulnerabilități  împotriva clienților în unele dintre cele mai mari companii de găzduire din lume; Bluehost , DreamHost , HostGator , iPage și OVH.

Referințe

Legături externe
Găzduire web

OVH


Gunnlöd (altisländisch Gunnlǫð, daher auch Gunnlöð geschrieben) ist eine Riesin der nordischen Mythologie. Sie verhilft Odin zum Diebstahl des Skaldenmets Óðrœrir. Gunnlöd ist Tochter des Suttung und damit Enkelin des Gilling.

Quellen
Die Geschichte wird erzählt in Hávamál 104 – 110.

Weblinks

 Encyclopedia of Norse Mythology: Hávamál (altnordisch)

Germanische Sagengestalt
Riese (Mythologie)

Gunnlöd


An Arum hainesii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Harald Harold Udo von Riedl. An Arum hainesii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Arum, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Arum

Arum hainesii


A total institution or residential institution is a place of work and residence where a great number of similarly situated people, cut off from the wider community for a considerable time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life. Privacy is limited in total institutions, as all aspects of life including sleep, play, and work, are conducted in the same place. The concept is mostly associated with the work of sociologist Erving Goffman.

Etymology

The term is sometimes credited as having been coined and defined by Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman in his paper "On the Characteristics of Total Institutions", presented in April 1957 at the Walter Reed Institute's Symposium on Preventive and Social Psychiatry.  An expanded version appeared in Donald Cressey's collection, The Prison, and was reprinted in Goffman's 1961 collection, Asylums. Fine and Manning, however, note that Goffman heard the term in lectures by Everett Hughes (likely during the late-1940s seminar, "Work and Occupations"). Regardless of whether Goffman coined the term, he can be credited with popularizing it.

Typology

Total institutions are divided by Goffman into five different types:
 institutions established to care for people felt to be both harmless and incapable: orphanages, poor houses, group homes and nursing homes.
 places established to care for people felt to be incapable of looking after themselves and a threat to the community, albeit an unintended one: leprosariums, mental hospitals, certain types of group homes, and tuberculosis sanitariums.
 institutions organised to protect the community against what are felt to be intentional dangers to it, with the welfare of the people thus sequestered not the immediate issue: concentration camps, P.O.W. camps, penitentiaries, and jails.
 institutions purportedly established to better pursue some worklike tasks and justifying themselves only on these instrumental grounds: colonial compounds, work camps, boarding schools, ships, army barracks, and large mansions from the point of view of those who live in the servants' quarters.
 establishments designed as retreats from the world even while often serving also as training stations for the religious; examples are convents, abbeys, monasteries, and other cloisters.

David Rothman states that "historians have confirmed the validity of Goffman's concept of 'total institutions' which minimizes the differences in formal mission to establish a unity of design and structure."

In Discipline and Punish, Michel Foucault discussed total institutions in the language of complete and austere institutions.

Nursing homes

According to S. Lammers and A. Verhey, some 80 percent of Americans will ultimately die not in their home, but in a total institution.

Tourism

Sociologists have pointed out that tourist venues such as cruise ships are acquiring many of the characteristics of total institutions. Tourists may not be aware that they are being controlled, even constrained, but the environment has been designed to subtly manipulate the behavior of patrons. These examples differ from the traditional examples in that the influence is short term.

See also

Concentration camp
Conscription
Disciplinary institution
Mental asylum
Psych ward
Workhouse
Psychiatric institution
Totalitarianism
Transinstitutionalisation

References

Further reading

Social phenomena
Social philosophy
Organizational cybernetics
Sociological terminology
Functionalism (social theory)
Erving Goffman

Total institution


The Granite Mountains are a short subrange of the Rocky Mountains in central Wyoming of the United States. The range runs approximately 100 mi (160 km) E-W along the south side of the Shoshone Basin, and north of the Sweetwater River, in eastern Fremont County and western Natrona County. The highest point is McIntosh Peak at . Independence Rock is at the east end of the range, and Split Rock was a prominent landmark on the Oregon Trail. The region is rich in uranium and other mineral deposits.

See also
 List of mountain ranges in Wyoming

References

Ranges of the Rocky Mountains
Mountain ranges of Wyoming
Landforms of Fremont County, Wyoming
Landforms of Natrona County, Wyoming

Granite Mountains (Wyoming)


إكلبس  هو بيئة تطوير متكاملة ونظام لإضافة الملحقات مجاني ومفتوح المصدر. كُتب معظمه بلغة جافا ويمكن استخدامه لتطوير تطبيقات بلغة الجافا، أو بلغات البرمجة التي من بينها أيدا، سي، سي++، كوبول، بيرل، بي إتش بي، بايثون، آر، روبي (بالإضافة إلى نظام روبي أون ريلز)، سكالا، كلوجر، جروفي، وسكيم. كما يمكن استخدامه لتطوير حزمات (Packages) لبرنامج ماثماتيكا. يسمى البرنامج غالباً باسم إكليبس إيه دي تي وهي اختصار للاسم Ada Development Toolkit أي عدة تطوير إيدا, إكليبس سي دي تي لتطوير سي وسي++، إكليبس جاي دي تي لتطوير جافا، وإكليبس پي دي تي لتطوير بي إتش بي.

قاعدة الشفرة (Codebase) الأولية للبرنامج نشأت من برنامج فيجوال ايج. يأتي إكليبس في شكله الافتراضي لمطوري جافا، ويتكون من جاي دي تي. ويمكن للمستخدمين من تمديد إمكانياته عن طريقة إضافة الملحقات التي تمكن إكليبس من تطوير برامج بلغات أخرى.
تم إصدار إكليبس تحت رخصة إكليبس العمومية.

التاريخ

بدأ إكليبس كمشروع لدى آي بي إم الكندية. طورت شركة اوبجكت تكنولوجي انترناشونال (التي قامت بتسويق عائلة من بيئات فيجوال ايج التطويرية المتكاملة المبنية على سمولتوك) المنتج الجديد كبديل مبني على الجافا.
في نوفمبر 2001, تم إنشاء جمعية لاستمرار تطوير إكليبس كبرنامج مفتوح المصدر. في يناير 2004, تم إنشاء مؤسسة إكليبس.
تم اختيار معايير أو إس جي أي لإصدار إكليبس 3.0 الذي تم إطلاقه في .

الإصدارات

منذ عام 2006، تقوم المؤسسة بإصدار نسخ جديدة للبرنامج بشكل سنوي. كل إصدار يحتوي على بيئة إكليبس باللإضافة إلى عدد من مشاريع إكليبس

يتم إطلاق كل نسخة جديدة في نهاية شهر يونيو حتى الآن.

الإضافات الممكنة

يمكن توسعة بيئة التطوير لتشمل لغات عدة منها C وC++ وPHP وبايثون وبيرل وكوبول وغيرها.

انظر أيضًا

 نت بينز
 رخصة إكليبس العمومية
 بايوإكليبس
 تويستد

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 مستودع إضافات إكليبس
 موسوعة إكليبس

أدوات تطوير برمجيات جافا
أدوات تطوير برمجيات نظام أندرويد
إكليبس
بايثون (لغة برمجة)
برمجيات آي بي إم
برمجيات احتكارية سابقة
برمجيات حرة بلغة جافا
برمجيات حرة متعددة المنصات
برمجيات لينكس
بيئات تطوير متكاملة
بيئات تطوير متكاملة حرة
بيئات تطوير متكاملة للينكس
محررات إتش تي إم إل حرة
محررات نصوص لنظام ماك أو إس
منصة جافا
برمجيات تستخدم رخصة إكليبس العمومية

إكلبس


John Brisker (nacido el  en Detroit, Michigan y declarado legalmente muerto en abril de 1985) fue un jugador de baloncesto estadounidense que disputó tres temporadas en la ABA y otras tres en la NBA. Con 1,96 metros de estatura, jugaba en la posición de alero.

Trayectoria deportiva

Universidad
Jugó durante una única temporada en los Rockets de la Universidad de Toledo (Ohio).

Profesional
Tras no ser incluido en el Draft de la NBA, fichó por los Pittsburgh Pipers de la ABA, donde ya en su primera temporada actuó como titular, liderando al equipo con 21,0 puntos y 5,7 rebotes por partido, cifras que le valieron para ser incluido en el mejor quinteto de rookies, quedando segundo en la votación al rookie del año, solo superado por Spencer Haywood.

Al año siguiente, ya con el equipo reconvertido en los Pittsburgh Condors, acabaría en la segunda posición de la liga entre los anotadores, promediando 29,3 puntos por partido, solo por detrás de Dan Issel. Eso le permitió ser elegido en el segundo mejor quinteto de la ABA, y disputar su primer All-Star Game, en el que fue uno de los jugadores más destacados de su equipo, consiguiendo 15 puntos y 17 rebotes.

En la temporada 1971-72 volvería a liderar a su equipo en anotación, promediando 28,9 puntos, a l que añadió 9,1 rebotes y 4,1 asistencias por partido. Volvió a disputar el All-Star Game, en el que tuvo una actuación muy discreta, con 8 puntos y 5 rebotes.

Al año siguiente el equipo desapareció, produciéndose un draft de dispersión, siendo elegido por los Dallas Chaparrals, pero se negó a ir al conjunto texano, negociando con su agente su ficha con los Seattle Supersonics de la NBA. Allí jugó 3 temporadas, pero ya siempre como suplente. Tras una buena primera campaña, en la que promedió 12,8 puntos y 4,6 rebotes por partido, las dos siguientes tuvo muchos altibajos con las lesiones, siendo finalmente despedido en .

Estadísticas de su carrera en la ABA y la NBA

Temporada regular

Vida posterior
En 1978, harto del baloncesto, viajó a Uganda, según rumores para enrolarse como mercenario del dictador Idi Amin. Recibió una llamada suya telefónica ese mismo año desde aquel país, pero no se volvió a saber nada más de él, siendo declarado como desaparecido ese año. Las causas de su muerte nunca fueron esclarecidas. Según rumores, pudo morir en la masacre suicida de Jonestown, pero no hay evidencia de su presencia en Guyana en aquellas fechas. La teoría más probable es la de que falleció asesinado a hachazos durante el golpe de Estado al dictador Amin.

En 1985, el departamento de medicina forense del Condado de King (Washington) lo declaró legalmente muerto.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Ficha de Brisker en NBA.com
 Ficha de John Brisker en ultimatenba.com
 Remember the ABA

Baloncestistas de Míchigan
Baloncestistas de la NBA
Baloncestistas de la ABA
Baloncestistas de los Toledo Rockets
Baloncestistas de los Pittsburgh Pipers
Baloncestistas de los Pittsburgh Condors
Baloncestistas de los Seattle Supersonics
Baloncestistas de los Cherry Hill Rookies
Causa de muerte no esclarecida
Nacidos en Detroit

John Brisker


Binnenbach ist ein Kirchdorf und Ortsteil des Marktes Aindling im Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg, der zum Regierungsbezirk Schwaben in Bayern gehört.
Im örtlichen westmittelbairischen Dialekt heißt der Ort Binnabooch.

Geographie
Binnenbach liegt nordöstlich von Aindling auf der Hochfläche des Unteren Lechrains der Aindlinger Terrassentreppe. Naturräumlich gehört es also zur Donau-Iller-Lech-Platte, die wiederum Teil des Alpenvorlandes ist, eine der Naturräumlichen Haupteinheiten Deutschlands.

Die Nachbarorte von Binnenbach sind der Hauptort Aindling im Südwesten, Edenhausen, Pichl und Eisingersdorf im Nordwesten und Norden, die Petersdorfer Ortsteile Axtbrunn, Willprechtszell, Schönleiten und Hohenried im Nordosten und Osten und Arnhofen im Süden.

Geschichte
Der Ort wurde 1135 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Im 12. Jahrhundert erscheint ein "Adalbertus de Bunnenbach" in den Traditionen des Klosters St. Ulrich und Afra zu Augsburg.

Binnenbach gehört zur katholischen Pfarrei Sankt Martin in Aindling. Die Kapelle St. Antonius von Padua ist das einzige eingetragene Baudenkmal. Der schlichte Rechteckbau mit Dachreiter ist von 1835 und wurde 1968 erneuert. Schulisch war der Ort auch stets nach Aindling orientiert.

Mit dem ersten Gemeindeedikt von 1808 wurde das Dorf dem Steuerdistrikt Pichl zugeschlagen, durch das zweite Gemeindeedikt von 1818 wurde Binnenbach eine selbstständige Gemeinde im Landgericht Aichach. Seit der Trennung von Justiz und Verwaltung am 1. Juli 1862 gehörte Binnenbach zum Bezirksamt Aichach (ab 1939: Landkreis Aichach). Am 1. Juli 1972 wurde der Ort dem neugegründeten Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg zugeschlagen, der bis zum 1. Mai 1973 den Namen Landkreis Augsburg-Ost trug. Am 1. April 1976 kam der Ort im Zuge der Gebietsreform in Bayern zum Markt Aindling.

Der fast ausschließlich landwirtschaftlich orientierte Ort wuchs nur langsam; gewerblich sind die beiden Sägewerke zu erwähnen.

Bodendenkmäler
Siehe: Liste der Bodendenkmäler in Aindling

Literatur
 Gertrud Diepolder: Historischer Atlas von Bayern, Altbayern, Reihe 1, Heft 2, Das Landgericht Aichach, München 1950 Digitalisat

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 www.aindling.de

Ort im Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg
Aindling
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Landkreis Aichach-Friedberg)
Gemeindegründung 1818
Gemeindeauflösung 1976
Kirchdorf (Siedlungstyp)

Binnenbach


Ramón Soler, que usó el pseudónimo de El Bachiller Cantaclaro (primera mitad del ; en la segunda y primera del XX lo usó Ubaldo Romero Quiñones), militar y escritor español del Romanticismo, que no debe ser confundido con su cuasihomónimo y contemporáneo, el también escritor Ramón López Soler.

Biografía
Poco se conoce sobre él. Fue un militar que alcanzó el grado de coronel, quizá más, y escribió algunos libros sobre milicia en la década de los cuarenta del ; de literatura, bajo el pseudónimo de "Bachiller Cantaclaro" y bajo el suyo de Ramón Soler publicó varios más, un Curso completo de gramática parda: dividido en quince lecciones, en las que se dan reglas fijas para que cualquiera pueda vivir sin tener necesidad de trabajar Madrid, Impr. de Tomás Jordán, septiembre de 1833, donde satirizó la ociosidad de la burguesía española desde una perspectiva costumbrista; en quince lecciones enseña a vivir del cuento a cuerpo de rey sin tener ningún gasto ni trabajar en cosa alguna, solamente valiéndose de las artes de la retórica. Escribió otras obras costumbristas, por ejemplo la misógina Lo que son ellas. Carta escrita a un galán primerizo (Barcelona, 1831), lo que suscitó la contestación de Francisco de Paula Mellado en Lo que son ellas: carta dirijida a don Ramon Soler en contestacion á la que ha escrito á un Galan primerizo, y en defensa del bello sexo... (Madrid, 1832). También se acercó al género de la novela histórica con Adela y Matilde o Los cinco últimos años de la dominación española en el Perú (Madrid, 1843). Tuvo por discípulo al escritor Estanislao Roger, quien en su obra La cárcel (Madrid, 1834) expone y comenta a su maestro una serie de abusos que encuentra en la vida pública.

La crítica social del costumbrismo de Soler se ejerce sobre tipos no individualizados, sino universales, y tiene mucho cuidado en ejuiciar los empleos, no a las personas que los desempeñan.

Obras
 ¿Hay cosa peor que ellos y ellas? Carta escrita al Galán primerizo, vindicando la titulada Lo que son ellas Madrid D. Tomás Jordán 1830.
 Lo que son ellas. Carta escrita a un galán primerizo, Barcelona, Librería de Saurí y Comp., 1831, reimpresa como Lo que son ellas. Lo que es la mía, Barcelona 1831.
 Lo que es la preocupación. Carta escrita a un forastero de la Corte por un paisano, Barcelona, 1830.
 Sermón burlesco, alegre y divertido pronunciado en la catedra de la pestilencia y dedicado a la pública salud, alegría y tranquilidad por el bachiller Cantaclaro, Madrid, Imprenta de J. Marés, 1849.
 La Fortuna y la Salud: regalos fáciles y sencillos para poder conservar siempre estos dos elementos de la vida. Madrid, 1834.
 Calendario militar, ilustrado, histórico y noticioso para el Año de 1845, Madrid, 1844.
 El amigo del soldado, ó Enciclopedia de instruccion primaria militar para los alumnos de las escuelas de tropa, en los cuerpos del ejército por Ramon Soler Madrid, Establecimiento tipográfico militar, 1848.
 Cartas a Don Norberto sobre las costumbres y modas de la Corte, etc.
 Bajo el pseudónimo de "Bachiller Cantaclaro", Curso completo de gramática parda: dividido en quince lecciones, en las que se dan reglas fijas para que cualquiera pueda vivir sin tener necesidad de trabajar Madrid, Impr. de Tomás Jordán, septiembre de 1833.
 Adela y Matilde o Los cinco últimos años de la dominación española en el Perú. Madrid: Imprenta del Boletín del Ejército, 1843.
 Los literatos de ogaño: carta escrita á un principiante en la carrera de las letras por Ramon Soler Madrid: Imprenta que fue de Fuentenebro, 1833.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Milagros Rodríguez Cáceres y Felipe B. Pedraza, Manual de Literatura española VI. El Romanticismo, Tafalla: Cenlit ediciones, 1982.
 WorldCat''.

Escritores de España del siglo XIX
Militares de España del siglo XIX
Escritores costumbristas de España

Ramón Soler


Olaylar
 Fransız Ordusu Hollanda'yı istila etti, Hollanda donanmasını esir aldı ve Batavia Cumhuriyetini kurdu.
 Polonya (Lehistan)'nın Rusya, Prusya ve Avusturya arasında bölünmesi.

Doğumlar

Ocak

Şubat

Mart

Nisan

Mayıs

Haziran

Temmuz

Ağustos

Eylül
 7 Eylül - John William Polidori, İngiliz yazar ve doktor (ö.1821)

Ekim

Kasım

Aralık

Ölümler
 Abdullah Paşa Osmanlı Devleti valisi (ö.1856)

1795


The Sikorsky CH-53E Super Stallion is a heavy-lift helicopter operated by the United States military. As the Sikorsky S-80, it was developed from the CH-53 Sea Stallion, mainly by adding a third engine, adding a seventh blade to the main rotor, and canting the tail rotor 20°. It was built by Sikorsky Aircraft for the United States Marine Corps. The less common MH-53E Sea Dragon fills the United States Navy's need for long-range minesweeping or airborne mine countermeasures missions, and performs heavy-lift duties for the Navy. The Sikorsky CH-53K King Stallion, which has new engines, new composite rotor blades, and a wider aircraft cabin, is set to replace the CH-53E.

Development

Background
The CH-53 was the product of the U.S. Marines' "Heavy Helicopter Experimental" (HH(X)) competition began in 1962. Sikorsky's S-65 was selected over Boeing Vertol's modified CH-47 Chinook version. The prototype YCH-53A first flew on 14 October 1964. The helicopter was designated "CH-53A Sea Stallion" and delivery of production helicopters began in 1966. The first CH-53As were powered by two General Electric T64-GE-6 turboshaft engines with 2,850 shp (2,125 kW) and had a maximum gross weight of 46,000 lb (20,865 kg), including 20,000 lb (9,072 kg) in the payload.

Variants of the original CH-53A Sea Stallion include the RH-53A/D, HH-53B/C, CH-53D, CH-53G, and MH-53H/J/M. The RH-53A and RH-53D were used by the US Navy for minesweeping. The CH-53D included a more powerful version of the General Electric T64 engine, used in all H-53 variants, and external fuel tanks. The CH-53G was a version of the CH-53D produced in West Germany for the German Army.

The U.S. Air Force's HH-53B/C "Super Jolly Green Giant" was for special operations and combat rescue, and was first deployed during the Vietnam War. The Air Force's MH-53H/J/M Pave Low helicopters were the last of the twin-engined H-53s and were equipped with extensive avionics upgrades for all-weather operation.

H-53E
In October 1967, the US Marine Corps issued a requirement for a helicopter with a lifting capacity 1.8 times that of the CH-53D that would fit on amphibious warfare ships. The US Navy and US Army were also seeking similar helicopters at the time. Before the issue of the requirement, Sikorsky had been working on an enhancement to the CH-53D, under the company designation "S-80", featuring a third turboshaft engine and a more powerful rotor system. Sikorsky proposed the S-80 design to the Marines in 1968. The Marines liked the idea, since it promised to deliver a good solution quickly, and funded the development of a testbed helicopter for evaluation.

In 1970, against pressure by the US Defense Secretary to take the Boeing Vertol XCH-62 being developed for the Army, the Navy and Marines were able to show the Army's helicopter was too large to operate on landing ships and were allowed to pursue their helicopter. Prototype testing investigated the addition of a third engine and a larger rotor system with a seventh blade in the early 1970s. In 1974, the initial YCH-53E first flew.

Changes on the CH-53E also include a stronger transmission and a fuselage stretched . The main rotor blades were changed to a titanium-fiberglass composite. The tail configuration was also changed. The low-mounted, symmetrical, horizontal tail was replaced by a larger, vertical tail, and the tail rotor tilted from the vertical to provide some lift in hover while counteracting the main rotor torque. Also added was a new automatic flight control system. The digital flight control system prevented the pilot from overstressing the aircraft.

YCH-53E testing showed that it could lift 17.8 tons (to a  wheel height), and without an external load, could reach  at a 56,000-pound gross weight. This led to two preproduction aircraft and a static test article being ordered.  At this time, the tail was redesigned to include a high-mounted, horizontal surface opposite the rotor with an inboard section perpendicular to the tail rotor then at the strut connection cants 20° to horizontal. This helps with a tilt at high speed.

The initial production contract was awarded in 1978, and service introduction followed in February 1981.  The first production CH-53E flew in December 1980.  The US Navy acquired the CH-53E in small numbers for shipboard resupply. The Marines and Navy acquired a total of 177.

The base-model CH-53E serves both the US Navy and Marines in the heavy-lift transport role.  It is capable of lifting heavy equipment, including the eight-wheeled LAV-25 light armored vehicle and the M198 155 mm Howitzer with ammunition and crew. The Super Stallion can recover aircraft up to its size, which includes all Marine Corps aircraft except for the KC-130.

By 2017, the CH-53E reportedly required 40 maintenance hours per flight hour due to aging parts, lack of available new replacement parts, and the extension of the overall airframe lifetime.

MH-53E

The Navy requested a version of the CH-53E for the airborne mine countermeasures role, designated "MH-53E Sea Dragon". It has enlarged sponsons to provide substantially greater fuel storage and endurance. It also retained the in-flight refueling probe and could be fitted with up to seven 300-US-gallon (1136-liter) ferry tanks internally. The MH-53E digital flight-control system includes features specifically designed to help tow minesweeping gear.  The prototype MH-53E made its first flight on 23 December 1981. MH-53E was used by the Navy beginning in 1986. The MH-53E is capable of in-flight refueling and can be refueled at hover.

Additionally, a number of MH-53E helicopters were exported to Japan as the S-80-M-1 for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.

CH-53K

The US Marine Corps had been planning to upgrade most of their CH-53Es to keep them in service, but this plan stalled. Sikorsky then proposed a new version, originally the "CH-53X", and in April 2006, the USMC signed a contract for 156 aircraft as the "CH-53K".  The Marines planned to start retiring CH-53Es in 2009 and needed new helicopters quickly. In August 2007, the USMC increased its CH-53K order to 227 helicopters.  Their first flight was planned for November 2011.

Design

Although dimensionally similar, the three-engined CH-53E Super Stallion is a much more powerful aircraft than the original Sikorsky S-65 twin-engined CH-53A Sea Stallion. The CH-53E also added a larger main rotor system with a seventh blade.

The CH-53E was designed for transporting up to 55 troops with the installation of seats along the cabin center line or 30,000 lb (13,610 kg) of cargo, and can carry externally slung loads up to 36,000 lb (16,330 kg).  The CH-53E has incorporated the same crash-attenuating seats as the MV-22B to increase the survivability of passengers, but reduced its troop transport capacity to 30.  The Super Stallion has a cruise speed of 173 mph (278 km/h) and a range of 621 miles (1,000 km).  The helicopter is fitted with a forward-extendable in-flight refueling probe. It can carry three machine guns, one at the starboard side crew door; one at the port window, just behind the copilot; and a firing position on the tail ramp.  The CH-53E also has chaff-flare dispensers.

The MH-53E features enlarged side-mounted fuel sponsons, and is rigged for towing various minesweeping and hunting gear from above the dangerous naval mines. The Sea Dragon can be equipped for minesweeping and cargo and passenger transportation. Its digital flight-control system includes features specifically designed to help towing minesweeping gear.

In addition, the CH-53E has been upgraded to include the helicopter night vision system, improved .50 BMG (12.7 mm) GAU-21/A and M3P  machine guns, and AAQ-29A forward-looking infrared imager.

The CH-53E and the MH-53E are the largest helicopters in the Western world, while the CH-53K now being developed will be even larger. They are fourth in the world to the Russian Mil Mi-26 Halo single-rotor helicopter and the enormous, twin transverse-rotored Mil V-12 Homer, which can lift more than 22 tons (20 tonnes) and 44 tons (40 tonnes), respectively and the Mi-26's single-rotor predecessor Mil Mi-6, which has less payload (12 tonnes), but is bigger and has a higher MTOW at 42 tonnes.

Operational history

1980s
The Super Stallion variant first entered service with the creation of Heavy Marine Helicopter Squadron 464 at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina. Two more squadrons were created at Marine Corps Air Station Tustin, California over the next several years, HMH-465 and HMH-466. In addition, one West Coast training squadron, HMT-301, was given Super Stallions as was one more East Coast squadron, HMH-772, out of a reserve base at NASJRB Willow Grove, Pennsylvania. Since then, other Marine heavy-lift squadrons have retired their CH-53As and Ds, replacing them with Es.

The Marine Corps CH-53E had its first shipboard deployment in 1983 when four CH-53E helicopters from HMH-464 deployed aboard USS Iwo Jima as part of the 24th Marine Amphibious Unit (24th MAU). During this deployment, Marines were sent ashore in Beirut, Lebanon, as peacekeepers, and established perimeters at and near the Beirut International Airport. On 23 October 1983, a truck bomb detonated by terrorists destroyed the Marine barracks in Beirut, killing nearly 240 service members as they slept. CH-53E helicopters from the 24th MAU provided critical combat support during this operation.

1990s
In 1991, two CH-53Es, along with several CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters, were sent to evacuate U.S. and foreign nationals from the U.S. embassy in Mogadishu, Somalia—Operation Eastern Exit—as violence enveloped the city during the Somalian Civil War.

During Operation Desert Storm, MH-53E shipboard-based Sea Dragons were used for mine-clearing operations in the Persian Gulf off Kuwait.

On 8 June 1995, Captain Scott O'Grady, an F-16 Fighting Falcon pilot shot down over Bosnia, was rescued by two CH-53Es.

In March 1997, CH-53E Super Stallions participated in the evacuation of nearly 900 American citizens and other civilians in Tirana, Albania as part of a non-combatant evacuation Operation Silver Wake.

2000s
On 26 October 2001, three CH-53Es aboard  and three CH-53Es aboard  flew  to secure the first land base in Afghanistan, Camp Rhino, with 1100 troops at its peak.  This amphibious raid is the longest amphibious raid in history.  The long-range capability of the CH-53Es enabled Marines to establish a southern base in Afghanistan, putting the war on the ground.

Super Stallions again played a major role in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. They were critical to moving supplies and ammunition to the most forward Marine units and also assisted in moving casualties back to the rear for follow-on care.  Marine CH-53Es and CH-46Es carried US Army Rangers and Special Operations troops on a mission to rescue captured Army Private Jessica Lynch on 1 April 2003.

Currently, about 150 CH-53E helicopters are in service with the Marines and another 28 MH-53Es are in service with the U.S Navy. The CH-53 requires 44 maintenance hours per flight hour. A flight hour costs about $20,000.

Variants

YCH-53E
United States military designation for two Sikorsky S-65E (later S-80E) prototypes
CH-53E Super Stallion
United States military designation for the S-80E heavy lift transport variant for the United States Navy and Marine Corps, 170 built.
MH-53E Sea Dragon
United States military designation for the S-80M mine-countermeasures variant for the United States Navy, 50 built
VH-53F
Proposed presidential transport variant, not built
S-80E
Export variant of the heavy lift transport variant, not built
S-80M
Export variant of the mine-countermeasures variant, 11 built for Japan; the last were retired in 2017.

Operators

 United States Marine Corps
HMH-361
HMH-366
HMH-461
HMH-462
HMH-464
HMH-465
HMH-466
HMH-769
HMH-772
HMHT-302 training squadron
 United States Navy
HM-12
HM-14
HM-15

 Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
 Air Development Squadron 51
 Mine Countermeasures Helicopter Squadron 111

Accidents

Summary
Between 1969 and 1990, more than 200 servicemen were killed in accidents involving the CH-53A, CH-53D, and CH-53E.

The MH-53E Sea Dragon is the U.S. Navy's helicopter with the highest accident rate, with 27 deaths from 1984 to 2008. During that time, its rate of class A mishaps, meaning serious damage or loss of life, was 5.96 per 100,000 flight hours, more than twice the Navy helicopter average of 2.26. An independent investigation reported that between 1984 and 2019, 132 people died in accidents on the Navy and Marine versions of this helicopter. A 2005 lawsuit alleged that since 1993, at least 16 in-flight fires or thermal incidents involved the number-two engine on Super Stallion helicopters. The suit claimed that proper changes were not made, nor were crews instructed on emergency techniques.

Major accidents
 On 1 June 1984, a CH-53E based at Tustin was lifting a truck from the deck of a ship during an exercise when a sling attached to the truck broke. This sent a shock wave into the aircraft and caused major damage. Four crew members died in the accident.
 On 19 November 1984, a CH-53E on a routine training mission at Camp Lejeune, NC, was lifting a seven-ton howitzer before it crashed. Six people were killed, and 11 injured. It experienced a loss of tail-rotor function, lost control, and hit the ground. The cabin area was quickly consumed by the ensuing fire.
 On 25 August 1985, a CH-53E from New River, NC, was flying a routine supply and passenger run from Tustin to Twentynine Palms during a training operation when it caught fire and crashed in Laguna Hills. One of the three crew members was killed and the aircraft was a total loss.
 On 9 May 1986, a CH-53E crashed during training exercises near Twentynine Palms, killing four Marines and injuring another.
 On 8 January 1987, a USMC CH-53E crashed while practicing night landings for troop deployment at the Salton Sea Test Range. All five crew members were killed.
 On 18 July 1988, a Navy MH-53E from HM-15 crashed at sea about 10 miles off the San Francisco coast killing the eight man crew. It was reported to have caught fire and exploded while towing a mine-countermeasures sled.  This was the first MH-53E to crash.
 On 20 March 1989, a CH-53E crashed at Pohang, Republic of Korea. Eighteen Marines and one Sailor were killed. Another ten Marines were severely injured. The cause was determined to be a combination of pilot error, failure to follow safety standards, and mechanical problems.
 On 9 May 1996, a CH-53E crashed at Sikorsky's Stratford plant, killing four employees on board. This led to the Navy grounding all CH-53Es and MH-53Es.
 On 10 August 2000, a MH-53E Sea Dragon crashed in the Gulf of Mexico near Corpus Christi and resulted in the deaths of four of the six crew members. The helicopters were later returned to service with improved swash-plate duplex bearings and new warning systems for the bearings.
 On 20 January 2002, a CH-53E crash in Afghanistan killed two crew members and injured five others. Defense Department officials said the early-morning crash was the result of mechanical problems with the helicopter.
 On 2 April 2002, a Navy MH-53E (BuNo 163051) of HM-14 crashed on the runway at Bahrain International Airport. All 18 people on board survived with only a few cases of minor injuries.
 On 27 June 2002, a Navy MH-53E Sea Dragon of Helicopter Combat Support Squadron 4 (HC-4) "Black Stallions" crashed in a hard landing at NAS Sigonella, Sicily. No one was injured, but the aircraft was written off.
 On 16 July 2003, a Navy MH-53E Sea Dragon of HC-4 "Black Stallions" crashed near the town of Palagonia, about 10 miles west-southwest of Naval Air Station Sigonella, killing the four member crew. The flight was on a routine training mission.
 On 26 January 2005, a CH-53E carrying 30 Marines and one Navy corpsman crashed in Al-Anbar province near Rutbah, Iraq, killing all 31 on board. A sandstorm was determined as the cause of the accident. The crash was part of the deadliest day of the Iraq War in terms of US fatalities.
 On 16 February 2005, an MH-53E from HC-4, based at Naval Air Station Sigonella, Sicily, crashed on the base, injuring the four crew members.
 On 17 February 2006, two CH-53Es carrying a combined U.S. Marine Corps and Air Force crew collided during a training mission over the Gulf of Aden, resulting in 10 deaths and two injuries.
 On 16 January 2008, a Navy MH-53E on a routine training mission crashed about 4 miles south of Corpus Christi, Texas. Three crew members died in the crash, and one crew member was treated at a local hospital.
 On 29 June 2012, a Navy MH-53E from HM-14 made an emergency landing 5 miles northeast of Pohang, South Korea, due to an in-flight fire. Though the pilots and aircrew were uninjured, the aircraft was heavily damaged by the fire.
 On 19 July 2012 a Navy MH-53E crashed 58 miles south of Muscat, Oman, during a heavy-lift operation, resulting in two deaths.
 On 8 January 2014, a US Navy MH-53E Sea Dragon crashed in the Atlantic 18 nautical miles east of Cape Henry, Virginia, with five crew members on board. Three crew members perished in the mishap.
 On 1 September 2014, a USMC CH-53E of the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit crashed in the Gulf of Aden while attempting to land on the USS Mesa Verde following training operations in Djibouti. All 17 Marines and 8 sailors on board were rescued.
 On 14 January 2016, two USMC CH-53Es on a night training exercise off the coast of Hawaii collided with each other, resulting in the loss of both aircraft and death of their 12 crew members; each CH-53E was carrying a crew of six.
 On 11 October 2017, a USMC CH-53E based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma crash-landed in the Takae district of Higashi village in Okinawa. An engine fire forced a crash-landing 300 m from homes. While nobody was injured, the fire destroyed the helicopter. The US military grounded all CH-53Es in Japan, with the Japanese government calling for an indefinite grounding. The resumption of flights angered some local people and the Japanese government expressed displeasure.
 On 3 April 2018, a USMC CH-53E of the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing crashed near Plaster City, California, killing four Marines.

Specifications (CH-53E)

Notable appearances in media

The documentary Who Killed Lt. Van Dorn? examines the 2014 Sea Dragon crash off Cape Henry, Virginia, and the larger maintenance and command problems surrounding the CH-53E fleet.

See also

References

External links

 CH-53A/D/E history page, CH-53E , and MH-53E pages on Navy.mil
 CH-53D/E page on USMC.mil
 CH-53E/S-80E page  and MH-53E page on Sikorsky.com
 HELIS.com Sikorsky S-80/H-53E Super Stallion Database
 The History of Heavy Lift: Can the 1947 Vision of an All Heavy Helicopter Force Achieve Fruition in 2002?
 CH-53E and MH-53E pages on GlobalSecurity.org
 Vertical Envelopment and the Future Transport Rotorcraft, RAND

United States military helicopters
H-53E Super Stallion
H-053E
1980s United States helicopters
Three-turbine helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1974

Sikorsky CH-53E Super Stallion


Sri Lanka veya resmî adıyla Sri Lanka Demokratik Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti (Seylanca: ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Tamilce: இலங்கை) Güney Asya'da, Hindistan'ın 31 kilometre güneyinde ve Hint Okyanusu'nda bulunan bir ada ülkesidir. 1972 yılından önce Seylan olarak bilinirdi. Hint Okyanusu'nun İncisi olarak da adlandırılan ülkede yaklaşık 21 milyon kişi yaşamaktadır.

Tarihçe
Hükûmet güçleri ve Tamil Eelam Özgürlük Kaplanları (diğer adıyla Tamil Kaplanları) arasında gerçekleşen iç savaş 1983 yılından beri sürmekteydi. Tamil Kaplanları'nın adanın kuzeyinde ve doğusunda Tamil Eelam adında bağımsız bir devlet kurma mücadelesi 2009 yılında hükûmet güçlerinin zaferiyle sonuçlanmıştır.

Coğrafya

Sri Lanka Güney Asya bölgesinin güney kısmında yer alan ve etrafı Hint Okyanusu'yla çevrili bir ada ülkesidir. Ülke, Hindistan'dan Mannar Körfezi ve Palk Boğazı ile ayrılmıştır. Yüzölçümü 65.610 km2 olan ülkenin toplam sahil şeridi uzunluğu 1.340 kilometredir.

2,524 metre yüksekliğinde olan Pidurutalagala dağı ülkenin en yüksek zirvesidir. Doğal kaynakları arasında kireç taşı, grafit, mineral kumlar, cevherler, fosfatlar, kil ve hidro enerji yer alır. Ülkede gerçekleşen doğal afetlerden başta gelenleri kasırga ve hortumlardır. Ormansızlaştırma, erozyon, kaçak avcılık ve kentleşmenin etkisiyle tehlike altında olan yabani hayvanlar, madencilik ve artan çevre kirliliğiyle sahillerin bozulması, sanayi atıkları ve pis su akıntılarıyla kirlenen tatlı su kaynakları, artıkların yok edilmesi ve Kolombo'da hava kirliliği ülkenin çevre sorunlarını oluşturan unsurlar arasında yer alır.

İklim
Sri Lanka'nın kuzey ve güneydoğu bölgelerinde tropikal savan (Aw), güneybatısındaki dağlık bölgelerde ise tropikal yağmur ormanı (Af) ve tropikal muson iklimleri (Am) gözlemlenir. Aralık ve Mart ayları arasında tropikal ve kuzeydoğu muson yağmurlarının etkisi altında kalan iklimi, Haziran ve Ekim ayları arasında da güneybatı muson yağmurlarının etkisi altında kalmaktadır.

Demografi
Ülkenin nüfusu 2016 verilerine göre 21.203.000 kişidir. Etnik açıdan ülkenin %74,9'u Sinhala, %11,2'si Sri Lankalı Tamil, %9,2 Sri Lanka Müslümanı, %4,2'si ise Hint Tamilidir. Geriye kalan %0,5 diğer gruplara mensuptur. Budistler toplumun %70,2'sini, Hindular %12,6'sını, Müslümanlar %9,7'sini, Hristiyanlar %7,2'sini, diğerleri ise %1'ini oluşturur. Seylanca %74 konuşur oranıyla ülkedeki baskın dildir, Tamilce ise %18'lik bir azınlıkça konuşulur. Diğer dilleri konuşan oranı %8'dir.

Yönetimi

Kaynak: CIA World Factbook

Ulaşım ve taşımacılık

Kaynak: CIA World Factbook

Ekonomi

Uluslararası Para Fonu'na göre satın alma gücü paritesi açısından Sri Lanka'nın GSYİH'sı kişi başına düşen gelir açısından Güney Asya bölgesindeki en yüksek ikinci ülkedir.
19. ve 20. yüzyıllarda Sri Lanka, tarçın, kauçuk ve Seylan çayı üretimi ve ihracatıyla ünlü bir tarım ekonomisi oldu. İngiliz yönetimi altındaki modern limanların geliştirilmesi, adanın bir ticaret merkezi olarak stratejik önemini artırdı. 1948'den 1977'ye kadar sosyalizm, hükûmetin ekonomik politikalarını güçlü bir şekilde etkiledi. Sömürge plantasyonları dağıtıldı, sanayiler kamulaştırıldı ve bir refah devleti kuruldu. 1977'de özelleştirme, kuralsızlaştırma ve özel girişimin teşvik edilmesini içeren serbest piyasa ekonomisi ülkeye getirildi.

Çay, kauçuk, kahve, şeker ve diğer emtiaların üretimi ve ihracatı önemini korurken, sanayileşme gıda işleme, tekstil, telekomünikasyon ve finansın önemini artırdı. Ülkenin ana ekonomik sektörleri turizm, çay ihracatı, giyim, pirinç üretimi ve diğer tarım ürünleridir. Bu ekonomik sektörlere ek olarak, özellikle Orta Doğu'daki denizaşırı istihdam, dövize önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunmaktadır.

2010 itibarıyla, hizmet sektörü GSYİH'nın %60'ını, sanayi sektörü %28'ini ve tarım sektörü %12'sini oluşturmaktadır. Özel sektör ekonominin yüzde 85'ini oluşturur. Çin, Hindistan ve ABD, Sri Lanka'nın en büyük ticaret ortaklarıdır. Batı Eyaleti GSYİH'nın %45.1'ini, Güney Eyaleti ve Merkez Eyalet'in ise sırasıyla %10.7 ve %10'unu oluşturduğu iller arasında ekonomik farklılıklar bulunur. Savaşın bitmesiyle birlikte, Kuzey Eyaleti 2010 yılında %22.9'luk rekor bir GSYİH büyüme bildirdi.

Sri Lanka'nın kişi başına düşen geliri 2005'ten 2011'e iki katına çıktı. Aynı dönemde, yoksulluk %15.2'den %7.6'ya, işsizlik oranı %7.2'den %4.9'a düştü, Colombo Menkul Kıymetler Borsası'nın piyasa değeri dört katına çıktı ve bütçe açığı ikiye katlandı. Sri Lanka'daki hanelerin %90'ından fazlası elektrikle donatılmıştır; Nüfusun %87'sinin güvenli içme suyuna erişimi vardır; ve %39'unun boru şebekeli suyu vardır.

2010'da 0.36'lık bir Gini katsayısı ile gösterilen gelir eşitsizliği de son yıllarda düştü.

Dünya Ekonomik Forumu tarafından yayınlanan 2011 Küresel Rekabet Edebilirlik Raporu, Sri Lanka'nın ekonomisini faktör odaklı aşamadan verimlilik odaklı aşamaya geçiş olarak tanımladı ve küresel rekabet gücünde 52. sırada yer aldı. Ayrıca, ankete katılan 142 ülke arasında Sri Lanka, sağlık ve ilköğretimde 45., iş gelişmişliğinde 32., inovasyonda 42. ve mal piyasası verimliliğinde 41. sırada yer aldı. 2016'da Sri Lanka, Dünya Bağış Endeksi'nde 5. sırada yer aldı ve toplumunda yüksek düzeyde memnuniyet ve hayırsever davranışlar kaydetti. 2010'da The New York Times Sri Lanka'yı ziyaret edilecek 31 yer listesinin başına koydu. S&P Dow Jones Endeksleri, 2018 itibarıyla Sri Lanka'yı sınır pazarı olarak sınıflandırır. Sri Lanka sıralaması 0.750 endeksle İnsani Gelişme Endeksi (İGE) açısından diğer Güney Asya ülkelerinin oldukça üzerindedir.

2016'ya gelindiğinde, altyapısı Uluslararası Para Fonu (IMF) tarafından kurtarılması gereken neredeyse iflas noktasına kadar gelmiş ülkenin borcu arttı. IMF, Sri Lanka'nın ekonomisini iyileştirmeye yönelik bir dizi kriter sağlamasının ardından Nisan 2016'da 1.5 milyar ABD Doları tutarında bir kurtarma kredisi sağlamayı kabul etti. 2016'nın dördüncü çeyreği itibarıyla borcun 64.9 milyar dolar olduğu tahmin ediliyordu. Geçmişte devlete ait kuruluşlar tarafından ek borç yapılmıştı ve bunun en az 9.5 milyar dolar olduğu söyleniyordu. 2015 yılının başından bu yana iç borç %12, dış borç ise %25 arttı. Kasım 2016'da IMF, ilk ödemenin başlangıçta planlanan 150 milyon ABD$'ından, yani tam 162.6 milyon ABD$'ından (119.894 milyon SDR) daha fazla olduğunu bildirdi. Ajansın ilk dilim için yaptığı değerlendirme, geleceğe yönelik ihtiyatlı bir iyimserlikti. Program kapsamında Sri Lanka hükûmeti, IMF'nin dördüncü gözden geçirmesinde belirttiği yeni bir İç Gelir Yasası ve otomatik bir yakıt fiyatlandırma formülü uyguladı. 2018'de Çin, 2019'dan 2021'e kadar olan dış borç geri ödemelerindeki ani artışlarla başa çıkmak için Sri Lanka'yı 1,25 milyar dolarlık bir krediyle kurtarmayı kabul etti.

Eylül 2021'de Sri Lanka büyük bir ekonomik kriz ilan etti. Merkez Bankası Başkanı krizin ortasında istifa etti. Parlamento, kriz nedeniyle "gıda istifini" yasaklamak amacıyla acil durum düzenlemeleri ilan etti.

Ekonomiye döviz girdisi sağlayan turizm, COVID salgını sırasında çöktü.

Dış bağlantılar
 Sri Lanka hükûmeti resmi web sitesi
 Sri Lanka Cumhurbaşkanlığı
 Sri Lanka Savunma Bakanlığı
 Sri Lanka Merkez Bankası

Kaynakça

İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu üyesi ülkeler
Birleşmiş Milletler üyesi ülkeler

Sri Lanka


Der Ruisseau des Vieux Pres ist ein knapp zwei Kilometer langer linker Zufluss der Rotte im Département Moselle in der Region Grand Est.

Geographie

Verlauf
Der Ruisseau des Vieux Pres entspringt im Gemeindegebiet von Destry, beim Gewann Les Grands Portions südwestlich des Waldzipfels Fuchsheck. Er läuft zunächst in nordöstlicher Richtung und schlägt dann einen weiten Bogen nach Nordwesten. Westlich vom Bois de Kesselbach fließt ihm auf seiner linken Seite der wesentlich längere Ruisseau des Loups zu. Der Ruisseau des Vieux Pres mündet schließlich bei Suisse in die Rotte.

Zuflüsse
 Loups (links), 3,8 km

Anmerkungen

Vieux Pres


Bergen, New York, is the name of two places in Genesee County, New York:

Bergen (village), New York
Bergen (town), New York

For other places with a similar name, see Bergen (disambiguation).

Bergen, New York (disambiguation)


2.A hrvatska odbojkaška liga predstavlja drugi rang odbojkaškog prvenstva Hrvatske za muškarce regije istok u kojoj nastupaju klubovi iz Slavonije i Baranje.

Klubovi
 MOK Željezničar Osijek
 MOK Mursa Osijek 2
 MOK Mursa Osijek 3
 OK Zrinski Nuštar
 OK Zrinski Nuštar 2
 OK Sokol Požega
 MOK Marsonia Slavonski Brod 2

Sezone

2020./21.
Trenutni poredak (22. ožujka 2021)

Izvor: https://natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr/index.php?rubrika=utakmica&natjecanje=1779

Izvori
 hou.hr, 2.A HOL Istok 2020./21., pristupljeno 22. ožujka 2021.

2

2. Hrvatska odbojkaška liga – istok


Jewgenija Gortschakowa (; englische Transkription: Yevgeniya Gorchakova; * 5. Oktober 1950 in Kirow gest. 10. Dezember 2016 in Oldenburg) war eine russisch-deutsche Künstlerin und Kuratorin mit den Arbeitsgebieten Malerei, Grafik, Fotografie und Video.

Leben
Jewgenija Gortschakowa studierte von 1967 bis 1972 Philologie und von 1978 bis 1982 Kunstgeschichte an der Staatlichen Universität Moskau. Sie arbeitet als freie Künstlerin (Malerei, Video und Grafik) und Kuratorin, untersucht künstlerisch Theorien zur Zeit, Kommunikation und neue Medien / Fokus: Literatur und Philosophie

1991 erhielt sie ein Stipendium für Paris, 1992 ein Atelier in Oldenburg. Ihre Malerei wandelte sich in dieser Zeit vom abstrakten Expressionismus zu einer geometrisch strengen kreis- und strahlenförmigen Kompositionsweise, in die im Laufe der Entwicklung Schrift, Bildnisse und Szenen integriert wurden. Die Druckgrafik – nacheinander Serigraphie, Radierung und Digitaldruck – hat diese Kompositionsweisen übernommen. Ab 2005 hat sich Jewgenija Gortschakowa mit Video auseinandergesetzt und 2006 während eines längeren Aufenthaltes in New York ein Video über Karl Jaspers und Hannah Arendt aufgenommen.

Seit 2006 kuratiert sie Ausstellungen mit deutschen  Künstlern in russischen Museen und Kunstfestivals.

Einzelausstellungen (Auswahl)

2000  Das Verschwinden der Zukunft, Stadtmuseum Oldenburg
2008  Face to face: New York – Bishkek. Projekte 2006-2008, Kunstverein Kaponier Vechta
2010  In the Zone, k/haus Salon, Künstlerhaus Wien
2011  Frühstück in Rubljovka, Videoinstallation,  galerie mitte im KUBO, Bremen (mit Ruslan Gudiev)

Weblinks

http://www.me-as-a-stranger.de/
http://www.eugenia-gortchakova.de/

Bildender Künstler (Deutschland)
Russe
Geboren 1950
Frau

Jewgenija Gortschakowa


NGC 6509 je prečkasta spiralna galaktika u zviježđu Zmijonoscu.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

  Hartmut Frommert: Revidirani Novi opći katalog
  Izvangalaktička baza podataka NASA-e i IPAC-a
  Astronomska baza podataka SIMBAD
   VizieR
 DSS-ova slika NGC 6509
  Auke Slotegraaf: NGC 6509 Deep Sky Observer's Companion
  NGC 6509  DSO-tražilica
  Courtney Seligman: Objekti Novog općeg kataloga: NGC 6500 - 6549

6509

NGC 6509