Poluotok Cape York veliki je poluotok koji se nalazi na krajnjem sjeveru Queenslanda, Australija. To je najveća netaknuta divljina u sjevernoj Australiji. Zemljište je uglavnom ravno i oko polovice površine se koristi za ispašu stoke. Relativno netaknute savane obrasle eukaliptusom, tropske prašume i drugi tipovi staništa danas su prepoznati i očuvani zbog svog globalnog ekološkog značaja. Iako je veći dio poluotoka i dalje netaknut, s raznolikim repertoarom endemske flore i faune, neke od njegovih divljih životinja mogu biti ugrožene industrijom i prekomjernom ispašom, kao i unesenim vrstama i korovom.

Najsjevernija točka poluotoka je Cape York ().

Ovu zemlju su desetke tisuća godina naseljavali brojni aboridžinski australski narodi. Godine 1606. nizozemski moreplovac Willem Janszoon na brodu Duyfken bio je prvi Europljanin koji je sletio u Australiju, dosegavši poluotok Cape York.

Povijest

Europsko istraživanje

U veljači 1606. nizozemski moreplovac Willem Janszoon pristao je u blizini mjesta današnje Weipe, na zapadnoj obali poluotoka Cape York. Ovo je bilo prvo zabilježeno iskrcavanje Europljana u Australiju, a ujedno je označilo i prvi prijavljeni kontakt između Europljana i Aboridžina.

Edmund Kennedy bio je prvi europski istraživač koji je pokušao kopnenu ekspediciju na poluotok Cape York. Cilj je bio uspostaviti rutu do vrha poluotoka, gdje su poslovni ljudi iz Sydneya pokušavali razviti luku za trgovinu s Istočnom Indijom.

Ekspedicija je krenula iz zaljeva Rockingham u blizini današnjeg grada Cardwella u svibnju 1848. i pokazala se kao jedna od velikih katastrofa australskih istraživanja.

Na vrh poluotoka (zvan samo Cape York) Europljani su konačno stigli 1864. godine kada su braća Francis Lascelles (Frank) i Alexander William Jardine, zajedno s osam suputnika, otjerali gomilu stoke iz Rockhamptona u novo naselje Somerset (na Cape Yorku) gdje je otac Jardines bio zapovjednik. Na putu su izgubili većinu svojih konja, mnoge zalihe i vodili žestoke bitke s Aboridžinima, da bi konačno stigli u ožujku 1865.

Prvi kontakt
Prvi poznati kontakt između Europljana i Aboridžina dogodio se na zapadnoj obali poluotoka 1606. godine, no Europljani su ga naselili tek u 19. stoljeću kada su osnovane ribarske zajednice, zatim postaje i kasnije rudarski gradovi. Europsko naselje dovelo je do raseljavanja zajednica Aboridžina i dolaska otočana Torresova prolaza na kopno.

Geografija i geologija
Zapadna obala graniči s zaljevom Carpentaria, a istočna s Koraljnim morem. Poluotok je s tri strane (sjever, istok i zapad) omeđen vodom. Ne postoji jasno razgraničenje prema jugu, iako službena granica Queenslanda u Zakonu o naslijeđu poluotoka Cape York iz 2007. prolazi na oko 16°S geografske širine.

Najširi dio poluotoka proteže se 430 km od rijeke Bloomfield na jugoistoku, preko do zapadne obale južno od zajednice aboridžina Kowanyama. To je otprilike 660 km od južne granice Cook Shirea, do vrha Cape Yorka.

Na vrhu poluotoka nalazi se Cape York, najsjevernija točka australskog kopna.  Imenovao ga je poručnik James Cook 21. kolovoza 1770. u čast princa Edwarda, vojvode od Yorka i Albanyja, brata kralja Đure III od Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva, koji je umro tri godine ranije.

Tropski krajolici su među najstabilnijima na svijetu. Dugo neometan tektonskom aktivnošću, poluotok je izrazito erodirana, gotovo ravna niska ravnica kojom dominiraju vijugave rijeke i goleme poplavne ravnice, s nekim vrlo niskim brežuljcima koji se uzdižu do 800 m nadmorske visine u lancu McIlwraith na istočnoj strani oko gradića Coena.

Okosnica poluotoka Cape York je greben poluotoka, dio australskog Velikog razvodnog gorja. Ovaj planinski lanac se sastoji od drevnih (1,5 milijardi godina starih) prekambrijskih i paleozojskih stijena. Istočno i zapadno od grebena poluotoka leže bazeni Carpentaria i Laura, koji se sastoje od drevnih mezozojskih sedimenata. Na poluotoku postoji nekoliko izvanrednih oblika reljefa: velika prostranstva netaknutih polja dina na istočnoj obali oko zaljeva Shelburne i rta Bedford-Cape Flattery, ogromne gomile crnih granitnih gromada u Nacionalnom parku Black Mountain i Cape Melville, te vapnenački krški tereni oko Palmerstona na krajnjem jugu poluotoka.

Tlo
Tla su izrazito neplodna čak i u usporedbi s drugim područjima Australije, jer su gotovo u potpunosti laterizirana i u većini slučajeva toliko stara i istrošena da je danas vrlo malo raslinja. Upravo zbog ovog iznimnog siromaštva tla regija je tako slabo naseljena: tla su toliko neobradiva i ne reagiraju na gnojiva pa su pokušaji uzgoja komercijalnih usjeva obično propadali.

Klima
Klima na poluotoku Cape York je tropska i monsunska, s jakom sezonom monsuna od studenog do travnja, za koje vrijeme šuma postaje gotovo nenastanjiva, i sušnom sezonom od svibnja do listopada. Temperatura je topla do vruća, s hladnijom klimom u višim predjelima. Srednje godišnje temperature kreću se od 18 °C na višim nadmorskim visinama do 27 °C u nizinama na sušnijem jugozapadu. Temperature preko 40 °C i ispod 5 °C su rijetke.

Godišnja količina oborina je velika, u rasponu od preko 2.000 millimetara u Željeznom lancu i sjeverno od Weipe na oko 700 millimetara na južnoj granici. Gotovo sva ta kiša pada između studenog i travnja, a samo na istočnim padinama Željeznog lanca srednja je količina oborina između lipnja i rujna iznad 5 millimetara. Međutim, između siječnja i ožujka srednja mjesečna količina oborina kreće se od oko 170 millimetara na jugu do preko 500 millimetara na sjeveru i na Željeznom lancu.

Rijeke

Greben poluotoka čini razdjelu slijevova između zaljeva Carpentaria i Koraljnog mora. Na zapadu, niz velikih, vijugavih riječnih sustava uključujući slivove rijeka Mitchell, Staaten, Coleman, Holroyd, Archer, Watson, Wenlock, Ducie i Jardine ispuštaju svoje vode u zaljev Carpentaria. Tijekom sušne sezone te se rijeke svode na niz vodotoka i pješčanih korita. Ipak, s dolaskom bujičnih kiša u vlažnoj sezoni, one nabujaju u moćne vodene putove, šireći se preko velikih poplavnih ravnica i obalnih močvara i dajući život velikom nizu slatkovodnih i močvarnih vrsta.

Na istočnim padinama, kraće, brže tekuće rijeke Jacky Jacky Creek, Olive, Pascoe, Lockhart, Stewart, Jeannie i Endeavour teku prema Koraljnom moru, osiguravajući važnu slatku vodu i hranjive tvari najzdravijem dijelu Velikog koraljnog grebena. Na svom putu te divlje, neometane rijeke obrubljene su gustim prašumama, pješčanim dinama ili mangrovama.

Poplavne ravnice bazena Laura, koje su zaštićene u nacionalnim parkovima Lakefield i Jack River, prelaze rijeke Morehead, Hann, North Kennedy, Laura, Jack i Normanby .

Riječni slivovi Poluotoka poznati su po svojoj iznimnoj hidrološkoj cjelovitosti. Uz male poremećaje u vodotocima i vegetacijskom pokrovu u cijelom slivovima, poluotok Cape York identificiran je kao jedno od rijetkih mjesta gdje tropski ciklusi vode ostaju u osnovi netaknuti. Poluotok Cape York doprinosi čak četvrtini površinskog otjecanja vode Australije. Doista, sa samo oko 2,7 posto australske kopnene površine proizvodi više otjecanja od cijele Australije južno od Jarčeve obratnice. Uz te obilne tropske oborine, rijeke poluotoka također su od posebne važnosti za nadopunjavanje Velikog arteškog bazena središnje Australije. Vlada Queenslanda trenutno je spremna zaštititi 13 divljih rijeka na poluotoku Cape York prema Zakonu o divljim rijekama iz 2005.

Geološka povijest

Poluotok je formiran od sjevernog dijela Velikog razdjelnog lanca, naboranog tijekom razdoblja karbona prije otprilike 300 milijuna godina, kada se Australija sudarila s današnjim dijelovima Južne Amerike i Novog Zelanda.  Lanac je od tada doživio značajnu eroziju. Prije oko 40 milijuna godina, Indo-australska tektonska ploča počela se odvajati od drevnog superkontinenta Gondvane. Kad se sudario s Pacifičkom pločom na svom putovanju prema sjeveru, visoki planinski lanci središnje Nove Gvineje nastali su prije oko 5 milijuna godina. U zavjetrini ove zone sudara, drevne stijene današnjeg poluotoka Cape Yorka ostale su uglavnom neporemećene.

Tijekom pleistocenske epohe Australija i Nova Gvineja naizmjenično su bile povezane s kopnom i razdvojene vodom. Tijekom razdoblja glacijacije i rezultirajuće niske razine mora, poluotok Cape York pružao je nizinsku kopnenu vezu. Još jedna veza postojala je između Arnhem Landa i Nove Gvineje, ponekad zatvarajući ogromno slatkovodno jezero (Lake Carpentaria) u središtu današnjeg zaljeva Carpentaria. Australija i Nova Gvineja ostale su povezane na ovaj način sve dok plitki Torresov prolaz nije zadnji put poplavljen prije oko 8000 godina.

Ljudi i kultura danas
Danas poluotok ima samo oko 18.000 stanovnika, od čega veliki postotak (~60%) čine Aboridžini i otočani Torresova prolaza.

Administrativno i trgovačko središte većeg dijela poluotoka Cape Yorka je Cooktown, koji se nalazi u njegovom krajnjem jugoistočnom kutu, dok je najveće naselje poluotoka rudarski grad Weipa u zaljevu Carpentaria. Ostatak je izrazito rijetko naseljen, s oko polovice stanovništva koje živi u vrlo malim naseljima i stočarskim farmama. Uz razvojnu cestu poluotoka nalaze se mali servisni centri u Lakelandu, Lauri i Coenu. Oko 30 km na moru sjeverno od vrha Cape Yorka, postoji značajan servisni centar na obližnjem otoku Thursday. Zajednice Aboridžina nalaze se u Hopevaleu, Pormpuraawu, Kowanyami, Aurukunu, Lockhart Riveru, Napranumu, Mapoonu, Injinoou, New Mapoonu i Umagicu. Zajednice otočana Torresova prolaza na kopnu nalaze se u Bamagi i Seisiji. Potpuno zatvorena unutarnja cesta povezuje Cairns i Atherton Tableland s Lakelandom i Cooktownom. Cesta sjeverno od Lakeland Downsa do vrha poluotoka ponekad je presječena nakon obilnih kiša tijekom vlažne sezone (otprilike od prosinca do svibnja).

Neke od najopsežnijih i najdrevnijih aboridžinskih slika na kamenu na svijetu okružuju grad Laura, od kojih su neke dostupne javnosti. Tu je i novi interpretativni centar iz kojeg su dostupne informacije o umjetnosti na kamenu i lokalnoj kulturi te se mogu dogovoriti izleti.

Autohtoni jezici i narodi
Preko 30 aboridžinskih jezika govori se na poluotoku Cape York, uključujući Linngithigh, Umpila, Wik Mungkan, Wik-Me'nh, Wik-Ngathan, Kugu Nganhcara, Guugu Yalandji, Guugu Yimithirr, Kuuk Thaatudeyor i mnogi australski aboridžinski znakovni jezici. Neke od tih jezika usvajaju djeca ili ih govore sve generacije u udaljenim zajednicama. Većina Wik jezika brzo se apsorbira u Wik-Mungkan, koji se čini kao jedini domorodački jezik na poluotoku koji se vrlo brzo razvija, budući da je drugi jezik Wikalkana, Wik-Ngathana i Wikngenchera.

Ekologija

Flora
Poluotok Cape York podržava složeni mozaik netaknutih tropskih prašuma, tropskih i suptropskih travnjaka, savana, grmova, vrijesnih područja, močvara, divljih rijeka i močvara mangrova. Šume savane obično se sastoje od visokog gustog travnatog sloja i različite gustoće drveća, pretežno eukaliptnog od kojih je najčešća Darwinova strunasta kora (Eucalyptus tetrodonta). Ova različita staništa dom su oko 3300 vrsta cvjetnica, a gotovo cijelo područje poluotoka Cape Yorka (99,6%) još uvijek zadržava svoju izvornu vegetaciju i malo je fragmentirano. Iako obilne i potpuno funkcionalne na poluotoku, tropske savane danas su rijetke i vrlo degradirane u drugim dijelovima svijeta. Poluotok Cape York također sadrži jednu od najviših stopa endemizma u Australiji, s više od 260 endemiskih biljnih vrsta pronađenih do sada. Stoga su dijelovi poluotoka prepoznatljivi po iznimno visokoj kvaliteti divljine.

Flora poluotoka uključuje izvorne gondvanske vrste, biljke koje su se pojavile nakon raspada Gondvane i vrste iz Indomalaye i preko Torresovog tjesnaca u Novoj Gvineji, a najviše se raznolikosti nalazi u prašumskim područjima. Veći dio poluotoka Cape York sušniji je od obližnje Nove Gvineje, što ograničava prašumsko bilje tog otoka od migracije u Australiju. Tropske prašume pokrivaju površinu od 1.848.350 hektara ili 5,6% ukupne površine kopna na poluotoku Cape York. Prašume ovise o određenoj količini oborina tijekom duge sušne sezone, klimatskih uvjeta koji se uglavnom nalaze na istočnim padinama obalnih područja poluotoka. Budući da su gotovo isključivo netaknute, stare šume podržavaju i nerazmjerno visoku biološku raznolikost uključujući floru Gondvanskog i Novogvinejskog podrijetla, prašume su od velikog značaja za očuvanje. Najveće susjedno područje prašume na poluotoku nalazi se u području lanca McIllwraith-Željeznog gorja. Gondvanska flora ovog područja uključuje četinjače Araucariaceae i Podocarpaceae te orhideje Arthrochilus, Corybas i Calochilus. Sve u svemu, ova prašuma sadrži najmanje 1000 različitih biljaka, uključujući 100 rijetkih ili ugroženih vrsta i 16% australskih vrsta orhideja.

Na siromašnim, suhim tlima mogu se naći tropska vrijeska. Sjeveroistočni poluotok Cape York podržava najveća australska područja ovog vrlo raznolikog ekosustava.

Fauna
Poluotok ima izvanrednu biološku raznolikost, s više od 700 vrsta kopnenih kralježnjaka, od kojih je 40 endemskih. Kao rezultat, iz njegove geološke povijesti, "flora i fauna poluotoka Cape York složena su mješavina relikvija Gondvane, australskih izolacionista i azijskih ili novogvinejskih osvajača"(str. 41) Ptice poluotoka uključuju prepelicu s žutim prsima ( Turnix olivii ), papigu zlatnog ramena ( Psephotus chrysopterygius ), ljupku vilinu ( Malurus amabilis ), medojed s bijelim prugama ( Trichodere cockerelli ) i žutu pjegavicu (Meliphaga notata), dok se ptice Haematopus longirostris nalaze i u drugim dijelovima Australije, ali imaju važne populacije na poluotoku. Poluotok je također dom istočne smeđe zmije, jedne od najotrovnijih zmija na svijetu. Sisavci uključuju glodavca Cape York melomys, srodan izumrlom Bramble Cay melomysu, koji je pronađen samo na Bramble Cayu u Torresovom tjesnacu i potvrđen je da je izumro 2016. godine.

Prašume Nacionalnog parka Željeznog gorja (Iron Range) podržavaju vrste koje se također nalaze u Novoj Gvineji, uključujući papigu eclectus i južni obični kuskus. Ostala prašumska fauna uključuje 200 vrsta leptira uključujući 11 endemskih leptira od kojih je jedan golemo zeleno ptičje krilo, piton Morelia viridis i Dasyurus hallucatus, šumski tobolčar čija je populacija danas ozbiljno smanjena jer su jeli unesenih otrovne žabe Rhinella marina.

Obale rijeka u nizinama dom su specifičnih divljih životinja, dok su rijeke uključujući Jardine, Jackson, Olive, Holroyd i Wenlock bogate ribom. Močvare i obalni mangrovi poznati su po svojoj važnosti kao mrijestilište riba i staništa krokodila, pružajući važno utočište od suše i konačno Veliki koralni greben leži uz istočnu obalu i važno je morsko stanište.

Izvori

Literatura

 Holmes, John. 2011. Osporavanje budućnosti poluotoka Cape Yorka . Australski geograf, sv. 42, br. 1.
 Hough, Richard. 1994. godine. Kapetan James Cook: biografija. Hodder i Stroughton, London..
 Pike, Glenville. 1979. godine. Kraljica sjevera: Slikovita povijest Cooktowna i poluotoka Cape Yorka. G. Pike..
 Mjesec, Ron i Viv. 2003. Cape York: Vodič za avanturiste. 9. izdanje. Moon Adventure Publications, Pearcedale, Victoria.
 Moore, David R. 1979. Otočani i Aboridžini u Cape Yorku: etnografska rekonstrukcija temeljena na časopisima ' Rattlesnake ' časopisa OW Brierly iz 1848.-1850. i informacijama koje je dobio od Barbare Thompson. Australski institut za aboridžinske studije. Canberra.; 0-85575-082-0 (pbk). Američko izdanje  (hbk); 0-391-00948-6 (pbk).
 Pohlner, Peter. 1986. Gangaurru. Hopevale Mission Board, Milton, Queensland.
 Trezise, PJ 1969. Quinkan Country: Avanture u potrazi za špiljskim slikama Aboridžina u Cape Yorku. AH & AW Reed, Sydney.
 Trezise, Percy. 1973. godine. Zadnji dani divljine. William Collins (Aust) Ltd., Brisbane..
 Trezise, PJ 1993. Cesta snova: Putovanje otkrića. Allen & Unwin, St. Leonards, Sydney.
 Haviland, John B. s Hartom, Rogerom. 1998. Old Man Fog i posljednji Aboridžini Barrow Pointa. Crawford House Publishing, Bathurst.
 Premier's Department (priredio Connell Wagner). 1989. Analiza resursa poluotoka Cape Yorka. Cairns. (1989)..
 Roth, WE 1897. Aboridžini iz Queenslanda. 3 sv. Pretisak: faksimilno izdanje, Hesperian Press, Victoria Park, WA, 1984.
 Ryan, Michelle i Burwell, Colin, ur. 2000. Divlje životinje tropskog sjevernog Queenslanda: od Cooktowna do Mackaya. Muzej Queenslanda, Brisbane. (komplet od 3 sveska).
 Scarth-Johnson, Vera. 2000. Nacionalno blago: Cvjetnice Cooktowna i Sjeverne Australije. Udruga galerija Vera Scarth-Johnson, Cooktown. (pbk); Ograničeno izdanje - kožni povez.
 Sutton, Peter (ur.). Jezici Cape Yorka: Radovi predstavljeni na simpoziju u organizaciji Australskog instituta za aboridžinske studije. Australski institut za aboridžinske studije, Canberra. (1976).
 Wallace, Lennie. 2000. Nomadi iz 19. stoljeća Queensland Goldfields. Central Queensland University Press, Rockhampton.
 Wallace, Lennie. 2003. Poluotok Cape York: Povijest nehvaljenih heroja 1845.-2003. Central Queensland University Press, Rockhampton.
 Wynter, Jo i John Hill. 1991. godine. Poluotok Cape York: Putovi ekonomskog razvoja zajednice. Završno izvješće o projektima gospodarskog razvoja zajednice Cook Shire. Vijeće Cook Shirea.

Bibliografija
 McIvor, Roy (2010). Kakadu: Moj život u Cape Yorku. Priče i umjetnost. Roy McIvor. Magabala knjige. Broome, Zapadna Australija. .

Reljefni oblici u Australiji
Poluotoci u Australiji i Oceaniji
Stranice s nepregledanim prijevodima

Cape York (poluotok)


An Brachiaria wittei in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Robyns. An Brachiaria wittei in nahilalakip ha genus nga Brachiaria, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Zaire. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Brachiaria

Brachiaria wittei


An Scleria hispidior in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Charles Baron Clarke, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Ernest Nelmes. An Scleria hispidior in nahilalakip ha genus nga Scleria, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Scleria

Scleria hispidior


Martín Fernández de Angulo Saavedra y Luna (Córdoba, ? - ib., 21 de junio de 1516) fue un eclesiástico y jurista español. Ocupó los puestos de presidente de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid, así como obispo de Cartagena y de Córdoba.

Biografía
Doctorado en Derecho Civil y Canónico por la Universidad de París, fue deán de la catedral de Jaén, así como arcediano de Talavera y consejero del rey Fernando II de Aragón. Martín Fernández de Angulo sucedió a Juan Ruiz de Medina como presidente de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid, aunque unos meses más tarde, el 22 de diciembre de 1508, fue nombrado obispo de Cartagena, mismo puesto que había ocupado su antecesor en la Chancillería de Valladolid. El 30 de septiembre de 1510 fue nombrado obispo de Córdoba.

Durante su obispado cordobés, ordenó al arquitecto Hernán Ruiz I la reconstrucción de las galerías del patio de los Naranjos de la Mezquita-catedral de Córdoba, así como donó una gran cantidad de libros para el cabildo eclesiástico, lo que permitió la reubicación de la librería capitular en la actual capilla del Sagrario del templo, apreciándose su escudo en el muro oriental de la capilla. Además, contrató al alemán Enrique de Arfe para la realización de la custodia procesional cordobesa.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Alumnado de la Universidad de París
Obispos de Cartagena
Obispos de Córdoba
Obispos de España del siglo XVI
Presidentes de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid

Martín Fernández de Angulo


සාන්ත පීතර බැසිලිකාව (), වතිකානුවේ පිහිටි දෙව්මැදුරකි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 වතිකානුව

මූලාශ්‍ර

වතිකානුවේ දෙව්මැදුරු

සාන්ත පීතර බැසිලිකාව


Kašov este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Trebišov din regiunea Košice. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 292 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Kašov este atestată documentar din 1298.

Note

Legături externe

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Iced Earth es el álbum debut homónimo de la banda americana de Power metal Iced Earth. Fue lanzado en noviembre de 1990 a nivel internacional y febrero de 1991 en América del Norte. La versión original de este álbum tenía tres portadas diferentes (una cubierta en todo el mundo, una cobertura europea y una japonesa). Este álbum fue el único grabado con Mike McGill con Iced Earth, así como los últimos del vocalista Gene Adam. Como sucesor del álbum Night of the Stormrider, Iced Earth sigue un enfoque más tradicional de thrash metal, en lugar de power metal. Iced Earth se apegaria a la fórmula de power metal hasta que Barlow dejó la banda, y con su reemplazo Tim Owens obtenían un estilo que recuerda a ambos géneros.

Lista de canciones

Créditos
 Gene Adam - voz
 Randall Shawver - guitarra
 Jon Schaffer - guitarra rítmica , coros
 Dave Abell - bajo
 Mike McGill - Batería

Información
 "Colors" se basa en la película de 1979 The Warriors.
 La canción "When the Night Falls" aparecen en el videojuego del 2009 Brütal Legend.

Álbumes de 1990

Iced Earth (álbum)


El péptido del lóbulo intermedio semejante a la corticotropina, o CLIP (del inglés: corticotropin-like intermediate peptide) es un neuropéptido corto secretada por las células corticotropas del adenohipófisis. Su precursor es la ACTH, cuyo precursor a su vez es la proopiomelanocortina.

Enlaces externos

Neuropéptidos
Neuroendocrinología

Péptido del lóbulo intermedio semejante a la corticotropina


Crkva-tvrđava se nalazi na otočiću Mrduji u Splitskim vratima.

Opis
U kanalu između rtova otoka Brača i Šolte, a blizu luke Milna (kojoj administrativno pripada) je otočić Mrduja koji je još u antici imao značajnu ulogu u plovidbenom putu prema Saloni i Splitu. Na zapadnoj strani otočića je ruševna gotička crkvica s četvrtastom apsidom. Prizemlje je presvođeno, a nad svodom je terasa-osmatračnica s obrambenim elementima. Vjerojatno je korištena i kao svjetionik pa je i danas u funkciji signalizacijsko svjetlo za navigaciju.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-1864 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralna graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene sakralne građevine u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj

Crkva-tvrđava na Mrduji


تهدف هذه الصفحة إلى إنشاء قائمة بجميع المترجمات الحاسوبية الحالية، مولدات المصرفات، والمفسرات والمترجمات... إلخ.

مترجم حاسوبي ++C/C

مترجم حاسوبي باسكال

مترجم حاسوبي مفتوحة المصدر
مصرفات بجاهزية للإنتاجية، مفتوحة المصدر.
 Amsterdam Compiler Kit (ACK) [C, باسكال, Modula-2, Occamو بيسك] [UNIX-like]
  [Basic] [دوس/لينوكس/ويندوز]
 فري باسكال [Pascal] [دوس/لينوكس/ويندوز(32/64/CE)/ماك أو إس/NDS/GBA/..(and many more)]
 لازاروس (لغة برمجة) [Pascal, Object Pascal] [دوس/لينوكس/ويندوز(32/64/CE)/ماك أو إس/NDS/GBA/..(و غيرهم الكثير)]
 Roadsend PHP [PHP 5] [لينوكس، فري بي إس دي، ويندوز, ماك أو إس 10]
 تجميعة مصرفات جنو [C, C++ (G++), Java (GCJ), Ada (GNAT), Objective-C, Objective-C++, and Fortran (GFortran). وأيضا يتوافر، ولكن ليس بشكل قياسي : Modula-2, Modula-3, Pascal, PL/I, D, Mercury, VHDL] [لينوكس, the BSDs, ماك أو إس 10, NeXTSTEP, مايكروسفت ويندوز وبي أو إس، وغيرهم]
 Local C compiler [C] [لينوكس، سبارك, ميبس]
 Portable C Compiler [C] [UNIX-like]
 Open Watcom [C, C++, وفورتران] [ويندوز و OS/2، لينوكس/فري بي إس دي WIP]
 TenDRA [C/C++] [UNIX-like]
 Tiny C Compiler [C] [لينوكس، ويندوز]

مترجم حاسوبي للأبحاث
تكون مصرفات الأبحاث في الغالب ليست متمكنة أو كاملة بالشكل الكافي لتعالج بناء برمجيات حقيقية وكبيرة. تستخدم عادة لبناء أمثلة سريعة وأمثلة توضيحية لصفات برمجية جديدة وأساليب أمثلة في مجالات الأبحاث.

 Open64: أحد أكثر مصرفات الأبحاث شيوعا اليوم، هناك العديد من Implementatios. أحدها Open Research Compiler (ORC) لمعالجات إيتانيوم. (The PathScale compiler mentioned above is based on Open64.)
 http://upc.lbl.gov/ أحد تفرعات مصرف Open64.
 SUIF: غير فعال منذ 2001
 MACHINE SUIF a branch focusing on machine-specific analyses and optimizations
 MILEPOST GCC: machine learning based self-tuning research compiler that reuses collective optimization knowledge among different programs and architectures
 ROSE compiler: an مفتوح المصدر compiler framework to generate source-to-source analyzers and translators, developed at مختبر لورانس ليفرمور الوطني
 Polaris compiler for Fortran
 Cetus للغة سي/سي++, خَلف مصرف Polaris
 The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
 OpenIMPACT Compiler
 Phoenix أمثلة وتحليل framework by Microsoft
 Very Portable Optimizer (VPO) من جامعة فيرجينيا
 COINS compiler infrastructure
 Trimaran for research in instruction-level parallelism
 Parafrase-2 Inactive. It is a source-to-source vectorizing/parallelizing compiler, بواجهة سي وفورتران.
 The PARADIGM compiler. Derived from Parafrase-2, it is a source-to-source research compiler for distributed-memory multicomputers for فورتران 77 and HPF.
 MLton مصرف ML القياسي (SML compiler)
 Jikes Rsearch Virtual machine(RVM): a research compiler for JAVA
 Soot: a Java Optimization framework
 The Scale compiler
 HotpathVM: جافا virtual machine using a trace-based ترجمة في الوقت المناسب
 libFirm a completely graph based SSA intermediate representation for compilers

مترجمات حاسوب ذات موارد
 GoRC (resource compiler)

وصلات خارجية
 http://www.compunity.org/resources/compilers/index.php
 An incomplete list of C++ compilers, maintained by C++'s inventor: بيارن ستروستروب
 Free C/C++ Compilers and Interpreters
 http://www.idiom.com/free-compilers/
 Compilers resources
 LCPC'04 Mini Workshop of Compiler Research Infrastructures

مصادر ومراجع

قوائم برمجيات
مصرفات

قائمة مصرفات لغات البرمجة


Gerold af Oldenburg og Lübeck (død 13. august 1163 i Bosau) efterfulgte i 1154 Vicelin som biskop i Oldenburg i Holsten.

Liv og gerning

Baggrund

Gerold stammede fra welfernes svabiske hjemland. Gerold havde erhvervet fortjeneste ved retten i Guelph Henrik Løve i Braunschweig som hofkapellan og scholaster (lærd) ved St. Blaise kloster.

Udnævnelse til biskop

Gerold blev på foranledning af hertuginden Clementia, Henrik Løves første hustru, i 1155 udpeget til at efterfølge Vicelin, der døde i 1154. Gerold kom imidlertid, ligesom Vicelin, omgående i skudlinjen i striden mellem ærkebiskop Hartwig af Bremen og hertugen Henrik Løve. Eftersom Gerold blev anset for Henrik Løves betroede mand, forkastede ærkebiskoppen som ansvarlig metropolit at indvie og ophøje Gerold til det nye embede.

Henrik løve løste problemet ved i 1155 at tage Gerold med på sin italienske tog og der - ved at ignorere de ærkebiskoppelige rettigheder og først i sit andet forsøg - opnåede han en godkendelse af udnævnelsen af den tøvende pave Hadrian IV.

Optræden som biskop

Gerold forblev efter sin ordinering først i kredsen omkring Henrik Løve og var endnu ikke kommet ind i sit bispedømme, men opfordrede hertugen til at tilvejebringe et tilstrækkeligt materielt grundlag for bispedømmet. Denne sikrede i samarbejde med grev Adolf II af Holsten yderlige økonomiske grundlag for bispedømmet ved at overdrage Eutin og tre nabobyer og i alt 300 hufe (et arealmål, der dog varierer). Gerold grundlagde derefter et marked og et slot i Eutin. Gerold bosatte sig i 1156 på dette slot - ikke i det egentlige, men fuldstændig øde, bispedømmes center Oldenburg, der hidtil havde været Vicelins foreløbige sæde i Bosau.

Gerold opnåede, at Segebergs Stift, der var flyttet til Högersdorf, blev overført til Segeberg for i det mindste der at have det personale til rådighed, der var nødvendigt for gennemføre højtidsgudstjenester i udkanten af sit bispedømme. Han intensiverede den i mellemtiden svækkede slaviske mission og indledte opførelsen af kirker i Oldenburg, Süsel, Ratekau, Gleschendorf og Lütjenburg.

I 1160 (ifølge nyere undersøgelser i 1163) blev bispedømmets hovedsæde flyttet til Lübeck af Henrik Løve på initiativ af Gerold. Hertugen beordrede i 1163 i Lübeck at bygge en første katedral, der blev indviet under hans og Gerolds tilstedeværelse til jomfru Maria, Johannes Døberen og St. Nicholas. På samme tid blev domkapitlet og Lübeck Johanniskloster grundlagt.

Gerold måtte udholde en alvorlig konflikt med holstenere, som var begyndt at bosætte sig nogle dele af Wagrien og nægtede at betale ham tiende. Men også denne konflikt vandt Gerold takket være Henrik Løves indgriben.

Død og arv

I året for indvielsen af Lübeck tog Gerold på sin anden rundtur gennem hans bispedømme. Efter en messe i Lütjenburg faldt Gerold sammen. Han blev bragt til Bosau, hvor han døde den 13. august 1163. Han blev begravet i katedralen i Lübeck. Hans formodede grav blev genopdaget i forbindelse med krigsskaderne forårsaget af luftangreb på Lübeck i 1942 under koret i området med den tidligere romanske apsis. Nylig forskning er imidlertid kommet til den konklusion, at denne grav stammer fra perioden 1335-1342. Alle fire sider er malet med korsfæstelsesscener. Denne grav, der blev anset for at have været længere end Gerods grav, bevares men er utilgængelig. Imidlertid er de freskoer, der blev fundet i graven, blevet fotografisk dokumenterede siden deres åbning.

Gerolds efterfølger som biskop af Lübeck var i 1164 abbeden af Riddagshausen kloster Konrad I von Riddagshausen.

Litteratur
 Peter Meinhold: Bischof Gerold von Lübeck und seine Zeit. In Der Wagen, 1972, S. 22–36.
 Dieter Lent: Gerold, Bischof von Oldenburg. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Dieter Lent u. a. (Hrsg.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon: 8. bis 18. Jahrhundert. Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, S. 256f.

Grevskabet Holsten
Personer fra middelalderen

Gerold af Oldenburg


Élie Frédéric Forey (10 de janeiro de 1804 - 20 de junho de 1872) foi um marechal da França.

Biografia
Elie Frédéric Forey nasceu em Paris.

Estudou na academia militar francesa de Saint-Cyr e foi promovido a tenente do 2º Regimento de Infantaria Ligeira em 1824. Serviu na expedição contra Argel em 1830. Promovido a capitão em 1835, recebeu o comando de um batalhão de caçadores à pied (Rifles/Jaeger) em 1839. Na época da Revolução de 1848, Forey havia se tornado coronel (1844) e comandava seu próprio regimento. Forey logo comandou uma brigada e em 1852, e foi promovido a general de divisão por ter apoiado Napoleão III em seu golpe de estado.

Durante a Guerra da Crimeia, Forey comandou uma divisão com a qual serviu no cerco de Sebastopol. Durante a Guerra Franco-Austríaca de 1859, Forey comandou novamente uma divisão com a qual atuou na Batalha de Montebello e na Batalha de Solferino, onde se destacou ao romper as últimas posições austríacas perto da vila de Cavriana.

Tendo se tornado senador após o fim da guerra, Forey foi nomeado general comandante do corpo expedicionário francês ao México em 1862. Forey — com plenos poderes civis e militares — e suas tropas desembarcaram em setembro de 1862 em Veracruz. Em maio de 1863, suas forças capturaram Puebla após um prolongado cerco e depois a Cidade do México também. Por isso, Forey recebeu como recompensa o bastão do marechal. Depois de ter estabelecido um triunvirato para governar o México para o imperador Maximiliano, Forey entregou o comando da força expedicionária a Bazaine e regressou a França onde assumiu o comando do 2.º Corpo, que comandou até 1867 quando, após ser atingido por um coágulo sanguíneo no cérebro, foi colocado na lista de inativos.

Forey morreu em Paris em 1872, não tendo participado da Guerra Franco-Prussiana.

Fontes

Marechais da França

Elie Frédéric Forey


Cartea Cărților (アニメ 親子劇場 Anime oyako gekijô) este un serial de televiziune anime produs inițial de Tatsunoko Productions din Japonia în colaborare cu Christian Broadcasting Network din Statele Unite și mai recent produs numai de CBN pentru distribuire și difuzare la nivel mondial..

Serialul prezintă evenimentele din Biblie din Vechiul și Noul Testament de-a lungul a 52 de episode. Primele 26 de episoade au fost difuzate de la 1 octombrie 1981 la 29 martie 1982. Serialul a revenit sub denumirea Cartea Cărților II
cu 26 de episoade care au fost transmise de la 4 aprilie 1983 la 26 septembrie 1983. Între cele două serii, la prima transmisie, a fost difuzat serialul companion Casa Zburătoare ("Tondera Hausu no Daibōken"). CBN a produs o nouă serie Cartea Cărților care a avut 3 sezoane. CBN distribuie primul sezon gratuit pe site-ul lor, "Superbook Kid".

Lista episoadelor

Seria I

 Adamu to eba monogatari (The story of Adam and Eve) / "How It All Began"
 Kain to aberu monogatari (The story of Cain and Abel) / "My Brother's Keeper"
 Noa no hakobune monogatari (The story of Noah's ark) / "The Flood"
 Idai na chichi no monogatari (The story of the great father) / "The Test" (Abraham and Isaac)
 Takoku no hanayome monogatari (The story of the foreign bride) / "Here Comes the Bride" (Isaac and Rebekah)
 Futago no kyodai monogatari (The story of the twin brothers) / "Double Trouble" (Jacob and Esau)
 Maho no tsue monogatari (The story of the magical staff) / "A Dream Come True" (Joseph)
 Ejiputo monogatari (The story of Egypt) / "The Miracle Rod" (Moses and the Exodus)
 Fushigi na rappa monogatari (The story of the wondrous bugle) / "Those Amazing Trumpets" (Joshua and the fall of Jericho)
 Sanbyakko no tsubo monogatari (The story of the 300 pots) / "Pitchers of Fire" (Gideon)
 Kairiki monogatari (The story of Herculean strength) / "Muscleman" (Samson and Delilah)
 Uma goya monogatari (The story of the stable) / "The First Christmas"
 Iesu no kiseki monogatari (The story of the miracles of Jesus) / "Miracles of Love"
 Karappo no haka monogatari (The story of the empty tomb) / "The Best News Yet" (The death and resurrection of Jesus)
 Oya koko monogatari (The story of the faithful child) / "Mother's Day" (Ruth and Naomi)
 Akuma no yuwaku monogatari (The story of the devil's temptation) / "The Patience of Job"
 Kujira ni nomareta otoko no monogatari (The story of the man swallowed by a whale) / "Big Fish and Little Fish" (Jonah)
 Roba kokuo monogatari (The story of the donkey king) / "The First King" (Samuel and Saul)
 Dabide monogatari (The story of David) / "The Giant Killer"
 Soromon monogatari (The story of King Solomon) / "Superbrain"
 Yogensha eriya monogatari (The story of the prophet Elijah) / "A True Prophet"
 Hi no sensha monogatari (The story of the fiery tank) / "Flaming Chariots" (Elisha)
 Raion no ana monogatari (The story of the lion's den) / "The Lion's Den" (Daniel)
 Kagayaku joheki monogatari (The story of the shining castle walls) / "Nehemiah and the Walls of Jerusalem"
 Utsukushii ohi no monogatari (The story of the beautiful princess) / "The Beauty Queen" (Esther)
 Sekai no hate made monogatari (The story until the ends of the earth) / "The Mighty Convert" (Paul of Tarsus)

Seria II

 "Where, Oh Where..." - the series premiere in which Ruffles is sucked into the newly "computerized" Superbook.
 "Hot Dog"
 "The Test Of Obedience"
 "Love at First Sight" - the above four episodes are the story of Abraham and Isaac, including the fall of Sodom and Gomorrah.
 "Father's Pet"
 "All About Dreams"
 "The Hostage"
 "The Family Reunion" - the above four episodes are the story of Joseph.
 "A Gift From Heaven"
 "The Burning Bush"
 "No More Plagues"
 "So You Want To Go Back To Egypt!" - the above four episodes are the story of Moses and the Israelites' exodus from Egypt.
 "Snakes and a Donkey" - Joshua
 "Worth Fighting For" - Othniel
 "The Good Left Arm" - Ehud and King Eglon
 "Stick In The Mud" - Deborah and Barak
 "That's A Promise" - Jephthah's vow
 "Just Rewards" - Eli and Samuel
 "A Wonderful Gift" - Saul is anointed king of Israel
 "The Mighty Little Shepherd"
 "The Bigger They Come"
 "Faithful and True"
 "David the King" - the above four episodes are the story of David, including his fight with Goliath and his friendship with Jonathan.
 "In All His Glory" - King Solomon
 "The Wicked Queen" - Athaliah and Joseph
 "A Matter Of Time" - the prophets Hezekiah and Isaiah

Referințe și note

Legături externe
 The Original Superbook Anime Official Website

Vezi și
 Listă de filme bazate pe Biblie
Anime
Seriale de televiziune din 1981
Ecranizări ale Bibliei

Cartea Cărților


In mathematics, catastrophe theory is a branch of bifurcation theory in the study of dynamical systems; it is also a particular special case of more general singularity theory in geometry.

Bifurcation theory studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances, analysing how the qualitative nature of equation solutions depends on the parameters that appear in the equation.  This may lead to sudden and dramatic changes, for example the unpredictable timing and magnitude of a landslide.

Catastrophe theory originated with the work of the French mathematician René Thom in the 1960s, and became very popular due to the efforts of Christopher Zeeman in the 1970s. It considers the special case where the long-run stable equilibrium can be identified as the minimum of a smooth, well-defined potential function (Lyapunov function).
Small changes in certain parameters of a nonlinear system can cause equilibria to appear or disappear, or to change from attracting to repelling and vice versa, leading to large and sudden changes of the behaviour of the system.  However, examined in a larger parameter space, catastrophe theory reveals that such bifurcation points tend to occur as part of well-defined qualitative geometrical structures.

In the late 1970s, applications of catastrophe theory to areas outside its scope began to be criticized, especially in biology and social sciences. Zahler and Sussmann, in a 1977 article in Nature, referred to such applications as being "characterised by incorrect reasoning, far-fetched assumptions, erroneous consequences, and exaggerated claims". As a result, catastrophe theory has become less popular in applications.

Elementary catastrophes
Catastrophe theory analyzes degenerate critical points of the potential function — points where not just the first derivative, but one or more higher derivatives of the potential function are also zero.  These are called the germs of the catastrophe geometries. The degeneracy of these critical points can be unfolded by expanding the potential function as a Taylor series in small perturbations of the parameters.

When the degenerate points are not merely accidental, but are structurally stable, the degenerate points exist as organising centres for particular geometric structures of lower degeneracy, with critical features in the parameter space around them.  If the potential function depends on two or fewer active variables, and four or fewer active parameters, then there are only seven generic structures for these bifurcation geometries, with corresponding standard forms into which the Taylor series around the catastrophe germs can be transformed by diffeomorphism (a smooth transformation whose inverse is also smooth).  These seven fundamental types are now presented, with the names that Thom gave them.

Potential functions of one active variable
Catastrophe theory studies dynamical systems that describe the evolution of a state variable   over time :

In the above equation,  is referred to as the potential function, and  is often a vector or a scalar which parameterise the potential function. The value of  may change over time, and it can also be referred to as the control variable. In the following examples, parameters like  are such controls.

Fold catastrophe

When , the potential V has two extrema - one stable, and one unstable.  If the parameter a is slowly increased, the system can follow the stable minimum point.  But at  the stable and unstable extrema meet, and annihilate.  This is the bifurcation point.  At  there is no longer a stable solution.  If a physical system is followed through a fold bifurcation, one therefore finds that as a reaches 0, the stability of the  solution is suddenly lost, and the system will make a sudden transition to a new, very different behaviour.  This bifurcation value of the parameter a is sometimes called the "tipping point".

Cusp catastrophe

The cusp geometry is very common when one explores what happens to a fold bifurcation if a second parameter, b, is added to the control space.  Varying the parameters, one finds that there is now a curve (blue) of points in (a,b) space where stability is lost, where the stable solution will suddenly jump to an alternate outcome.

But in a cusp geometry the bifurcation curve loops back on itself, giving a second branch where this alternate solution itself loses stability, and will make a jump back to the original solution set.  By repeatedly increasing b and then decreasing it, one can therefore observe hysteresis loops, as the system alternately follows one solution, jumps to the other, follows the other back, and then jumps back to the first.

However, this is only possible in the region of parameter space .  As a is increased, the hysteresis loops become smaller and smaller, until above  they disappear altogether (the cusp catastrophe), and there is only one stable solution.

One can also consider what happens if one holds b constant and varies a.  In the symmetrical case , one observes a pitchfork bifurcation as a is reduced, with one stable solution suddenly splitting into two stable solutions and one unstable solution as the physical system passes to  through the cusp point (0,0) (an example of spontaneous symmetry breaking).  Away from the cusp point, there is no sudden change in a physical solution being followed: when passing through the curve of fold bifurcations, all that happens is an alternate second solution becomes available.

A famous suggestion is that the cusp catastrophe can be used to model the behaviour of a stressed dog, which may respond by becoming cowed or becoming angry.  The suggestion is that at moderate stress (), the dog will exhibit a smooth transition of response from cowed to angry, depending on how it is provoked.  But higher stress levels correspond to moving to the region ().  Then, if the dog starts cowed, it will remain cowed as it is irritated more and more, until it reaches the 'fold' point, when it will suddenly, discontinuously snap through to angry mode.  Once in 'angry' mode, it will remain angry, even if the direct irritation parameter is considerably reduced.

A simple mechanical system, the "Zeeman Catastrophe Machine", nicely illustrates a cusp catastrophe.  In this device, smooth variations in the position of the end of a spring can cause sudden changes in the rotational position of an attached wheel.

Catastrophic failure of a complex system with parallel redundancy can be evaluated based on the relationship between local and external stresses. The model of the structural fracture mechanics is similar to the cusp catastrophe behavior. The model predicts reserve ability of a complex system.

Other applications include the outer sphere electron transfer frequently encountered in chemical and biological systems, modelling the dynamics of cloud condensation nuclei in the atmosphere, and modelling real estate prices.

Fold bifurcations and the cusp geometry are by far the most important practical consequences of catastrophe theory.  They are patterns which reoccur again and again in physics, engineering and mathematical modelling.
They produce the strong gravitational lensing events and provide astronomers with one of the methods used for detecting black holes and the dark matter of the universe, via the phenomenon of gravitational lensing producing multiple images of distant quasars.

The remaining simple catastrophe geometries are very specialised in comparison, and presented here only for curiosity value.

Swallowtail catastrophe

The control parameter space is three-dimensional.  The bifurcation set in parameter space is made up of three surfaces of fold bifurcations, which meet in two lines of cusp bifurcations, which in turn meet at a single swallowtail bifurcation point.

As the parameters go through the surface of fold bifurcations, one minimum and one maximum of the potential function disappear.  At the cusp bifurcations, two minima and one maximum are replaced by one minimum; beyond them the fold bifurcations disappear.  At the swallowtail point, two minima and two maxima all meet at a single value of x.  For values of , beyond the swallowtail, there is either one maximum-minimum pair, or none at all, depending on the values of b and c. Two of the surfaces of fold bifurcations, and the two lines of cusp bifurcations where they meet for , therefore disappear at the swallowtail point, to be replaced with only a single surface of fold bifurcations remaining. Salvador Dalí's last painting, The Swallow's Tail, was based on this catastrophe.

Butterfly catastrophe

Depending on the parameter values, the potential function may have three, two, or one different local minima, separated by the loci of fold bifurcations.  At the butterfly point, the different 3-surfaces of fold bifurcations, the 2-surfaces of cusp bifurcations, and the lines of swallowtail bifurcations all meet up and disappear, leaving a single cusp structure remaining when .

Potential functions of two active variables

Umbilic catastrophes are examples of corank 2 catastrophes. They can be observed in optics in the focal surfaces created by light reflecting off a surface in three dimensions and are intimately connected with the geometry of nearly spherical surfaces: umbilical point.
Thom proposed that the hyperbolic umbilic catastrophe modeled the breaking of a wave and the elliptical umbilic modeled the creation of hair-like structures.

Hyperbolic umbilic catastrophe

Elliptic umbilic catastrophe

Parabolic umbilic catastrophe

Arnold's notation
Vladimir Arnold gave the catastrophes the ADE classification, due to a deep connection with simple Lie groups.
A0 - a non-singular point: .
A1 - a local extremum, either a stable minimum or unstable maximum .
A2 - the fold
A3 - the cusp
A4 - the swallowtail
A5 - the butterfly
Ak - a representative of an infinite sequence of one variable forms
D4− - the elliptical umbilic
D4+ - the hyperbolic umbilic
D5 - the parabolic umbilic
Dk - a representative of an infinite sequence of further umbilic forms
E6 - the symbolic umbilic
E7
E8
There are objects in singularity theory which correspond to most of the other simple Lie groups.

See also

 Broken symmetry
 Butterfly effect
 Chaos theory
 Domino effect
 Inflection point
 Morphology
 Phase transition
 Punctuated equilibrium
 Snowball effect
 Spontaneous symmetry breaking

References

Bibliography
 Arnold, Vladimir Igorevich (1992) Catastrophe Theory, 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag
 V. S. Afrajmovich, V. I. Arnold, et al., Bifurcation Theory And Catastrophe Theory,
 Bełej,M. Kulesza, S. (2013) M"odeling the Real Estate Prices in Olsztyn under Instability Conditions", Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 11(1): 61–72, ISSN (Online) 1898–0198, ISSN (Print) 1730–4237,
 Castrigiano, Domenico P. L. and Hayes, Sandra A. (2004) Catastrophe Theory, second edition, Boulder: Westview
 Gilmore, Robert (1993) Catastrophe Theory for Scientists and Engineers, New York: Dover
 Petters, Arlie O., Levine, Harold and Wambsganss, Joachim (2001) Singularity Theory and Gravitational Lensing, Boston: Birkhäuser
 Postle, Denis (1980) Catastrophe Theory – Predict and avoid personal disasters, Fontana Paperbacks
 Poston, Tim and Stewart, Ian (1998) Catastrophe: Theory and Its Applications, New York: Dover
 Sanns, Werner (2000) Catastrophe Theory with Mathematica: A Geometric Approach, Germany: DAV
 Saunders, Peter Timothy (1980) An Introduction to Catastrophe Theory, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press
 Thom, René (1989) Structural Stability and Morphogenesis: An Outline of a General Theory of Models, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
 Woodcock, Alexander Edward Richard and Davis, Monte.  (1978) Catastrophe Theory, New York: E. P. Dutton
 Zeeman, E.C. (1977) Catastrophe Theory-Selected Papers 1972–1977, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley

External links
CompLexicon: Catastrophe Theory
Catastrophe teacher
Java simulation of Zeeman's catastrophe machine

Bifurcation theory
Singularity theory
Systems theory
Chaos theory

Catastrophe theory


The Canadian Football Hall of Fame (CFHOF) is a not-for-profit corporation, located in Hamilton, Ontario, that celebrates great achievements in Canadian football. It is maintained by the Canadian Football League (CFL). It includes displays about the CFL, Canadian university football and Canadian junior football history.

The Hall previously had a main feature in the central portion of the museum where inducted members, each with a metal bust depicting their head, were displayed prior to the physical building being closed. There were also featured displays that highlight each CFL team's history, and an interactive Field goal kicking exhibit. The CFHOF is currently changing to a de-centralized model, which does not included a main museum building (see "Today" below).

Once during every CFL season, the Hall sponsors the induction ceremony of former players. Included in the "Hall of Fame Weekend" is a regular season game, usually (but not always) affiliated with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. Traditionally, the inducted players will come to the Hall and make an acceptance speech in front of the building where their newly sculpted bust is unveiled. A player must be retired from the game for at least three years before being eligible for consideration. A Hall of Fame voting committee is composed of sports writers, selected CFL executives and inducted members.

History
The Canadian Football Hall of Fame officially opened on November 28, 1972. Originally located in downtown Hamilton, it moved to Tim Hortons Field, home of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats in 2016. The Canadian Football Hall of Fame was awarded to the City of Hamilton in June 1963 following the invitation of Mayor Lloyd Douglas Jackson. The Hamilton Parks Board offered a space near Civic Stadium. Ivan Miller, former sports editor of The Spectator, was named the first curator. Soon after, the Board of Education purchased the land and building. The Hall moved to its new location in 1972 and closed on September 19, 2015. In 2015, responsibility for the museum moved from the City of Hamilton to the CFL.

The old Canadian Football Hall of Fame building was easily identified by the slightly-larger-than-life metal sculpture Touchdown, featuring a successful receiver being tackled. The sculpture has since been moved to Tim Hortons Field Gate 3. Tim Hortons Field also has 3 display areas - the Grey Cup display at Gate 3, the Media Hall of Fame Wing in the press box area, and the main display area in the premium level concourse. The main display area will feature all 296 busts (as of March 2018) and rotating displays of various artifacts. The displays are accessible during Hamilton Tiger-Cats home games (club level display open to all ticket holders 15 minutes after the end of the game), as well as Wednesday evenings and Saturday mornings to the public at no charge. The CFHOF also has travelling displays for different CFL team home fields, the Grey Cup, and other events.

Canadian Football Hall of Famers

*denotes deceased

A
Jack Abendschan – player (K/OG), 2012 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1965–75).
Bob Ackles – builder, 2002 (BC Lions as general manager 1975–86, president 2002–2008, and other duties since 1954).*
Junior Ah You – player (DE), 1997 (Montreal Alouettes 1972–81).
Roger Aldag – player (C/OG), 2002 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1976–91).
Damon Allen – player (QB), 2012 (Edmonton Eskimos 1985–88, 1993–94; Ottawa Rough Riders 1989–91; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1992; Memphis Mad Dogs 1995; BC Lions 1996–2002; Toronto Argonauts 2003–2007).
Kelvin Anderson – player (RB), 2017 (Calgary Stampeders 1996–2002).
Tony Anselmo – builder, 2009 (Calgary Stampeders as manager and other tasks since 1973).*
Ron Atchison – player (C/MG/DT), 1978 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1952–68).*

B
Len Back – builder, 1971 (Hamilton Tigers as manager 1928–40, 1945–49; Hamilton Flying Wildcats as manager 1941–43; Hamilton Tiger-Cats as manager 1950–80).*
Byron Bailey – player (FB/DB), 1975 (BC Lions 1954–64).*
R. Harold Bailey – builder, 1965 (ORFU president 1941; CRU president 1942–45).*
Bill Baker – player (DE), 1994 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1968–73, 1977–78; BC Lions 1974–76).
Harold Ballard – builder, 1987 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats as owner and president 1978–89).*
Donald Barker – builder, 1999 (for his role in developing league officiating since the 1960s).*
John Barrow – player (OT/DT), 1976 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1957–70; Toronto Argonauts as General Manager 1971–75).*
Danny Bass – player (LB), 2000 (Toronto Argonauts 1980; Calgary Stampeders 1981–83; Edmonton Eskimos 1984–91).
Harry Batstone – player (HB), 1963 (Toronto Argonauts 1919–21; Queen's University 1922–28, later as coach 1929–31). *
Greg Battle – player (LB), 2007 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1987–93, 1997–98; Las Vegas Posse/Ottawa Rough Riders 1994; Memphis Mad Dogs 1995; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1996).
Ormond Beach – player (LB), 1963 (Sarnia Imperials 1934–37).*
Al Benecick – player (OG/OT), 1996 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1959–68; Edmonton Eskimos 1969).*
Paul Bennett – player (DB), 2002 (Toronto Argonauts 1977–79; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1980–83; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1985–87).
Sam Berger – builder, 1993 (Ottawa Rough Riders as director, president, a part owner 1930s–1969; Montreal Alouettes as owner and president 1969–81; Canadian Football League president 1964, 1971).*
Leroy Blugh - player (DE), 2015.
John Bonk – player (C), 2008 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1972–73; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1973–1985).
Ab Box – player (HB/P), 1965 (Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers 1930–31, 1935–38; Toronto Argonauts 1932–34).*
David Braley – builder, 2012 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats as owner 1987–90; BC Lions as owner 1997–2020; Interim CFL commissioner 2002; Toronto Argonauts as owner 2010–2015).*
Joe Breen – player, 1963 (University of Toronto 1914–15, 1919–20; Toronto Parkdale Canoe Club 1921–23; Toronto Argonauts 1924–25); University of Western Ontario 1929–34 as coach.*
Johnny Bright – player (RB), 1970 (Calgary Stampeders 1952–54; Edmonton Eskimos 1954–64).*
Clyde Brock – player, 2020
Dieter Brock – player (QB), 1995 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1974–83; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1983–84).
Tom Brook – builder, 1975 (Calgary Stampeders as club organizer and president 1948–51, director 1956–58).*
Doug Brown – player (DT), 2016 (Calgary Stampeders 1997; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 2001–11).
D. Wes Brown – builder, 1963 (Ottawa Rough Riders 40-year executive beginning in 1936, holding the roles of director, treasurer, secretary, and other duties).*
Tom Brown – player (LB/MG), 1984 (BC Lions 1961–67).
Less Browne – player (DB), 2002 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1984–88;Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1989–91; Ottawa Rough Riders 1992; BC Lions 1993–94).
Paul Brule – player, 2018.
Wally Buono – builder, 2014 (Calgary Stampeders as head coach 1990–2002; BC Lions as head coach 2003–11 and 2016–present).
Willie Burden – player (RB), 2001 (Calgary Stampeders 1974–81).*
Henry Burris - player (QB), 2020 (Ottawa Redblacks, Calgary Stampeders, Saskatchewan Roughriders, Hamilton Tiger-Cats (1997-2017))

C
Ben Cahoon – player (WR), 2014 (Montreal Alouettes 1998–2010).
Anthony Calvillo – player (QB), 2017 (Las Vegas Posse 1994, Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1995–1997, Montreal Alouettes 1998–2013).
Bob Cameron – player (P), 2010 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1980–2002).
Hugh Campbell – builder, 2000 (Saskatchewan Roughriders as player 1963–68, 1969; Edmonton Eskimos as head coach 1977–82, General manager 1986–97, president and CEO 1998–2006).
Jerry Campbell – player (LB), 1996 (Calgary Stampeders 1966–68, 1976; Ottawa Rough Riders 1968–75).*
Tom Casey – player (RB), 1964 (Hamilton Wildcats 1949; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1950–54, 1956).*
Ken Charlton – player (RB/FW), 1992 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1941, 1948–54; Winnipeg RCAF Bombers 1942; Regina All-Services Roughriders 1943; Ottawa Rough Riders 1945–47).*
Freddie Childress – player, 2020
Arthur Chipman – builder, 1969 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers as president 1944–48; WIFU president 1949 and CRU president 1952).*
Frank Clair – builder, 1981 (Toronto Argonauts as head coach 1950–54; Ottawa Rough Riders as head coach 1956–69, general manager 1970–78).*
Bill Clarke – player (OT/DT), 1996 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1951–64).*
Tom Clements – player (QB), 1994 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1975–78; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1979; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1979, 1981–83;Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1983–87).
Mike "Pinball" Clemons – player (RB/KR), 2008 (Toronto Argonauts 1989–2000).
Tommy Joe Coffey – player (WR/K), 1977 (Edmonton Eskimos 1959–60, 1962–66; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1967–72; Toronto Argonauts 1973).
Lionel Conacher – player (K/R), 1963 (Toronto Torontos (ORFU) 1920; Toronto Argonauts 1921–22; Toronto Crosse & Blackwell Chefs 1934).*
Peter Connellan – builder, 2012 (Calgary Dinos as head coach 1977–95).
Rod Connop – player (OL), 2005 (Edmonton Eskimos 1982–97).
Ralph Cooper – builder, 1992 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats organized the Hamilton merger in 1950, and as president 1950–52; various other roles within the league until the 1970s).*
Royal Copeland – player (HB/DB), 1988 ( Navy 1944; Toronto Argonauts 1945–49, 1952–56; Calgary Stampeders 1950–51).*
Jon Cornish – player, 2019
Jim Corrigall – player (DE), 1990 (Toronto Argonauts 1970–81).
Frank Cosentino – builder, 2018.
Bruce Coulter – builder, 1997 (McGill University as head coach 1958–61; various directorships and presidencies with Canadian university sports).*

Grover Covington – player (DE), 2000 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1981–91).
Chip Cox – player (LB), 2022 (Montreal Alouettes 2006–18).
Ernie Cox – player (C), 1963 (Hamilton Tigers 1921–31).*
Ross Craig – player (RB), 1964 (Hamilton Alerts 1911–12; Hamilton Tigers 1913–15, 1919–20).*
Hec Crighton – builder, 1985 (served on CRU rules committee in 1947; instrumental in creation of university championship game).*
Carl Cronin – player (QB/LB/K), 1967 (Winnipeg 'Pegs 1932–33; Calgary Bronks 1935–39 as coach).*
Andrew Currie – builder, 1974 (officiating and rules committee 1935–70).*
Gord Currie – builder, 2005 (amateur football coach, notably with the Regina Rams 1965–76).
Bernie Custis – builder, 1998 (amateur and college football coach 1958–88, notably with McMaster in the 1980s).*
Dave Cutler – player (K), 1998 (Edmonton Eskimos 1969–84).
Wes Cutler – player (T/E/R), 1968 (University of Toronto 1931–32; Toronto Argonauts 1933–38).*

D
Peter Dalla Riva – player (TE), 1993 (Montreal Alouettes 1968–81).
Andrew P. Davies – builder, 1969 (Ottawa Rough Riders as player/coach 1920s, executive officer, and team physician until 1948).*
Eddie Davis - player (DB), 2015.
John DeGruchy – builder, 1963 (president of the CRU 1925, 1930, 1935; president of the ORFU for 25 years).*
Dave Dickenson – player (QB), 2015.

Rocky DiPietro – player (SB/WR), 1997 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1978–91).
George Dixon – player (RB), 1974 (Montreal Alouettes 1959–65).*
Paul Dojack – builder, 1978 (30 years of officiating in the west; officiating supervisor in 1971–72).*
Eric Duggan – builder, 1981 (Calgary Bronks as player 1936; Edmonton Eskimos player 1927–32, executive 1949–60).*
Seppi DuMoulin – builder, 1963 (Hamilton Tigers as player 1894–1906 and later as team president; Winnipeg Blue Bombers honorary coach 1919; later president of WCRFU, ORFU, and IRFU; instrumental in development of football in west during 1900–1920).*
Matt Dunigan – player (QB), 2006 (Edmonton Eskimos 1983–87; BC Lions 1988–89; Toronto Argonauts 1990–91; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1992–94; Birmingham Barracudas 1995; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1996; Calgary Stampeders 2004 as coach/GM).

E
Ray Elgaard – player (SB), 2002 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1983–96).
Abe Eliowitz – player (QB/P), 1969 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1933–35; Montreal Indians 1936–37).*
Eddie Emerson – player (C/FB/LB), 1963 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1912–15, 1919–35, 1937, as team president 1930–31, 1947–51).*
Ron Estay – player (DE), 2003 (BC Lions 1972–73; Edmonton Eskimos 1973–82).
Sam Etcheverry – player (QB), 1969 (Montreal Alouettes 1952–60).*
Keith Evans – builder, 2022 (Calgary Colts 1965–2019).*
Terry Evanshen – player (WR), 1984 (Montreal Alouettes 1965, 1970–73; Calgary Stampeders 1966–69; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1974–77; Toronto Argonauts 1978).

F
Bernie Faloney – player (QB), 1974 (Edmonton Eskimos 1954; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1957–64; Montreal Alouettes 1965–66; BC Lions 1967).*
Cap Fear – player (OW), 1967 (Toronto Argonauts 1919–25; Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers 1927; Hamilton Tigers 1928–32).*
Dave Fennell – player (DT), 1990 (Edmonton Eskimos 1974–83).
Mervyn Fernandez – player, 2019
Johnny Ferraro – player (P/K/QB/FB), 1966 (Hamilton Tigers 1934–35; Montreal Indians 1936–37, 1940; Montreal Nationals (ORFU 1938–39).*
Dan Ferrone – player (OG), 2013 (Toronto Argonauts 1981–88, 1990–92; Calgary Stampeders 1989).
Norm Fieldgate – player (DE/OE/LB/DB), 1979 (BC Lions 1954–67).
Willie Fleming – player (RB), 1982 (BC Lions 1959–66).
Scott Flory – player, 2018.
Darren Flutie – player (WR), 2007 (BC Lions 1991–96; Edmonton Eskimos 1996–97; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1998–2002).
Doug Flutie – player (QB), 2008 (BC Lions 1990–91; Calgary Stampeders 1992–95; Toronto Argonauts 1996–1997).
Chris Flynn – player (QB), 2011 (Saint Mary's Huskies 1987–1990).
Sidney Forster – builder, 2001 (instrumental in amateur football, notably the Northern Football Conference as coach and president).*
William C. Foulds – builder, 1963 (University of Toronto as player 1908–10; Toronto Argonauts as head coach 1911, 1914–15; various positions in CRU).*
Gino Fracas – builder, 2011 (University of Alberta as head coach 1963–66; University of Windsor as head coach 1968–87).*
Bill Frank – player (OT/DT), 2001 (BC Lions 1962–64; Toronto Argonauts 1965–68; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1968–76).*
Brian Fryer – player (WR), 2013 (University of Alberta 1972–1975, Edmonton Eskimos 1978–85; Ottawa Rough Riders 1985).
Greg B. Fulton – builder, 1995 (major statistician for the CFL from 1966 to 1973 and a member of rules committee).*

G
Tony Gabriel – player (TE), 1984 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1971–74; Ottawa Rough Riders 1975–81).
Gene Gaines – player (HB), 1994 (Montreal Alouettes 1961, 1970–76; Ottawa Rough Riders 1962–1969).*

Hugh Gall – player (HB/K), 1963 (University of Toronto 1908–12, 1914 as coach; Toronto Parkdale Canoe Club 1913).*
Jake Gaudaur – builder, 1984 (Hamilton Tigers and Hamilton Tiger-Cats as player 1940, 1948–53, director 1952–53, president 1954–55, general manager 1956–67; Toronto Argonauts as player 1941; Toronto RCAF Hurricanes as player 1942; Toronto Indians as player 1945–46; Montreal Alouettes as player 1947; CFL commissioner 1968–84).*
Ed George – player (OL), 2005 (Montreal Alouettes 1970–74; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1978–80).
Frank M. Gibson – builder, 1996 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats as organizing the merger in 1950 and serving in various executive roles until 1983).
Tony Golab – player (RB/FW), 1964 (Sarnia Imperials 1938; Ottawa Rough Riders 1939–41, 1945–50; Ottawa RCAF Uplands 1942).*
Miles Gorrell – player (OT), 2013 (Calgary Stampeders 1978–82; Ottawa Rough Riders 1982; Montreal Concordes 1982–85; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1985–91, 1996; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1992–95).
Bud Grant – builder, 1983 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers as player 1953–56, later as head coach 1957–66). He was the first coach to be a member of both the Canadian Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame (NFL).*
Tommy Grant – player (RB), 1995 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1956–68; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1969).*
Herb Gray – player (DE/OG), 1983 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1956–65).*
Terry Greer – player (WR), 2019, (Toronto Argonauts 1980–85).

Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey – builder, 1963 (for donating the Grey Cup trophy in 1909).*
Dean Griffing – player (C), 1965 (Regina Roughriders 1936–43, later as team manager 1953–57; Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers 1944; Calgary Stampeders 1945–47, also as coach/part owner;).*
Harry Crawford Griffith – builder, 1966 (University of Toronto as player/head coach 1908–10; president of the CRU 1913 and later served on rules committee).*

H
Sydney Halter – builder, 1966 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers as executive 1934–53; first commissioner of the CFL 1958–66).*
Tracy Ham – player (QB), 2010 (Edmonton Eskimos 1987–92; Toronto Argonauts 1993; Baltimore Stallions 1994–95; Montreal Alouettes 1996–99).
Frank Hannibal – builder, 1963 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers as president 1934–36, 1941, instrumental in bringing the Grey Cup west for the first time).*
Fritz Hanson – player (RB), 1963 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1935–46; Calgary Stampeders 1947–48).*
Rodney Harding – player (DT), 2016 (Toronto Argonauts 1985–94; Memphis Mad Dogs 1995; Calgary Stampeders 1996).
Dickie Harris – player (DB), 1998 (Montreal Alouettes 1972–80; Montreal Concordes 1982).
Wayne Harris – player (LB), 1976 (Calgary Stampeders 1961–72).*
Herm Harrison – player (LB/TE), 1993 (Calgary Stampeders 1964–72).*
Larry Haylor – builder, 2014 (University of Saskatchewan as coach 1971–73; University of Western Ontario as coach 1984–2006).
Lew Hayman – builder, 1975 (Toronto Argonauts as coach 1932–40, later as executive 1955–83; Toronto RCAF Hurricanes as coach 1941–45; Montreal Alouettes as club organizer, coach, GM, and part owner 1946–54).*
John Helton – player (DE/DT), 1985 (Calgary Stampeders 1969–78; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1979–82).
Ed Henick – builder, 2003 (amateur football coach, promoter, and organizer, notably with Saskatoon Hilltops 1947–1964).*
Garney Henley – player (DB/WR), 1979 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1960–75).
Larry Highbaugh – player (DB), 2004 (BC Lions 1971–72; Edmonton Eskimos 1972–83).*
Tom Hinton – player (G), 1991 (BC Lions 1958–66).
Condredge Holloway – player (QB), 1998 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1975–80; Toronto Argonauts 1981–86; BC Lions 1987).
Jim Hopson – builder, 2019
Dick Huffman – player (OT/DT), 1987 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1951–55; Calgary Stampeders 1956–57).*
John Hufnagel – builder, 2020
Billy Hughes – builder, 1974 (Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers as coach 1919–22; Queen's University as coach 1922–26; Ottawa Rough Riders as coach 1935–36; Lachine RCAF Manning Pool (QRFU) as coach 1942–43).*
Tom Hugo – player, 2018.

I
Hank Ilesic – player (P), 2018.
Jake Ireland – builder, 2013 (Referee 1979–2008).
Bob Isbister – player (FW), 1965 (Hamilton Tigers 1906–15, 1919).*

J
Russ Jackson – player (QB), 1973 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1958–69; Toronto Argonauts 1975–76 as coach).
Jack Jacobs – player (QB), 1963 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1950–54).*
Eddie James – player (FW), 1963 (Regina Roughriders 1920s–1930s; Regina Pats 1928; Winnipeg St. John's 1930, 1932; Winnipeg 'Pegs 1935).*
Gerry James – player (RB), 1981 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1952–55, 1957–62; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1964).
Alondra Johnson – player (LB), 2009 (BC Lions 1989–90; Calgary Stampeders 1991–2003; Saskatchewan Roughriders 2004).
Brent Johnson – player (DE), 2018 (BC Lions 2001–2011).
Will Johnson – player (DL), 2021 (Calgary Stampeders 1989–1996; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1997).
Tyrone Jones – player (LB), 2012 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1983–87, 1989–1991; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1992; BC Lions 1993).*
Bobby Jurasin – player (DE), 2006 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1986–1997; Toronto Argonauts 1998).

K
Greg Kabat – player (FW/G/QB), 1996 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1933–1940; Vancouver Grizzlies, 1941 as player/coach).*
Joe Kapp – player (QB), 1984 (Calgary Stampeders 1959–61; BC Lions 1961–66).*
Jerry Keeling – player (DB/QB), 1989 (Calgary Stampeders 1961–72; Ottawa Rough Riders 1973–75; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1975).
Brian Kelly – player (WR), 1991 (Edmonton Eskimos 1979–87).
Ellison Kelly – player (G/T/DE/LB), 1992 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1960–70; Toronto Argonauts 1971–72).*
Danny Kepley – player (LB), 1996 (Edmonton Eskimos 1975–84).
Eagle Keys – builder, 1990 (Montreal Alouettes as player 1949–51; Edmonton Eskimos as player 1952–54 and as coach 1959–63; Saskatchewan Roughriders as coach 1965–70; BC Lions as coach 1971–75).*
Norm Kimball – builder, 1991 (Edmonton Eskimos as president and COO 1961–1985; Montreal Alouettes as partial owner 1986–87).
Tuffy Knight – builder, 2007 (Wilfrid Laurier University as coach 1966–83; Toronto Argonauts as Director of Player Personnel 1984–88; University of Waterloo as coach 1988–97).
Bob Kramer – builder, 1987 (Saskatchewan Roughriders as president 1951–53, 1961–65; president WIFU 1960).*
Joe Krol – player (RB/QB), 1963 (Hamilton Flying Wildcats 1942–44; Toronto Argonauts 1945–52, 1955).*
Norman Kwong – player (RB), 1969 (Calgary Stampeders 1948–50; Edmonton Eskimos 1951–60).*

L

Éric Lapointe – player (RB), 2012 (Mount Allison University 1995–98).
Ron Lancaster – player (QB), 1982 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1960–62; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1963–78, later as coach 1979–80; Edmonton Eskimos as coach 1991–97; Hamilton Tiger-Cats as coach 1998–2003, 2006).*
Smirle Lawson – player (RB), 1963 (University of Toronto 1908–10; Toronto Argonauts 1911–14).*
Pep Leadley – player (RB/K), 1963 (Hamilton Tigers 1919–20, 1926–30; Queen's University 1921–25).*
Les Lear – player (OL/DL), 1974 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1938–41; Winnipeg RCAF Bombers 1942–43; Calgary Stampeders as player/coach 1948).*
Ken Lehmann – player (LB), 2011 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1964–71; BC Lions 1972).
Marv Levy - builder, 2021 (Montreal Alouettes 1973-77 as coach), the second coach to be a member of both the Canadian Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame (NFL).
Leo Lewis – player (RB), 1973 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1955–66).*
Nik Lewis – player (SB), 2021 (Calgary Stampeders 2004–2014; Montreal Alouettes 2015–2018).
Moe Lieberman – builder, 1973 (University of Alberta as player 1915; Edmonton Eskimos as player 1921–22, manager 1922, director 1930s, and club organizer and director 1949–57).*
Don Loney – builder, 2013 (St. Francis Xavier University as coach 1957–73).*
Neil Lumsden – player (RB), 2014 (University of Ottawa 1972–75; Toronto Argonauts 1976–78; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1978–79; Edmonton Eskimos 1980–85).
Earl Lunsford – player (FB), 1983 (Calgary Stampeders 1956, 1959–63).*
Marv Luster – player (OE/DB), 1990 (Montreal Alouettes 1961–64, 1973–74; Toronto Argonauts 1964–72).*
Don Luzzi – player (OT/DT), 1985 (Calgary Stampeders 1958–69).*

M
Gene Makowsky – player (OT), 2015 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1995–2011).
Don Matthews – builder, 2011 (Edmonton Eskimos as assistant coach 1977–82; BC Lions as head coach 1983–87; Toronto Argonauts as head coach 1990, 1996–98, 2008; Saskatchewan Roughriders as head coach, 1991–93; Baltimore Stallions as head coach 1994–95; Edmonton Eskimos as head coach 1999–2000; Montreal Alouettes as head coach 2002–06).*
Harry McBrien – builder, 1978 (for officiating and rules committee; CRU executive 1951–1966; Grey Cup coordinator 1958–68).
Jimmy McCaffrey – builder, 1967 (Ottawa Rough Riders as manager 1923–59; president IRFU and CRU).*
Paul McCallum – player (K/P), 2022 (BC Lions 1993/94, 2006–14, 2016; Ottawa Rough Riders 1993, Saskatchewan Roughriders 1994–2005, 2015).
Dave McCann – builder, 1966 (Ottawa Rough Riders as player 1907–15, coach 1925–27; CRU president 1927, rules committee until 1958).*
Chester McCance – player (K/E), 1976 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1937–41, 1945; Winnipeg RCAF Bombers 1942–43; Montreal Alouettes 1946–50).*
Don McDonald – builder, 2016 (administrator of minor football in Saskatchewan and the Saskatoon Hilltops).
Frank McGill – player (QB), 1965 (McGill University 1910s; Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers 1910s–1920s).*
George McGowan – player (WR), 2003 (Edmonton Eskimos 1971–78).
Danny McManus – player (QB), 2011 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1990–92; BC Lions 1993–95; Edmonton Eskimos 1996–97; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1998–2005; Calgary Stampeders 2006).
Donald McNaughton – builder, 1994 (coordinated the Schenley Awards, 1963–88).
Don McPherson – builder, 1983 (Saskatchewan Roughriders as president 1956–57; BC Lions chaired the reorganization committee 1962).*
Ed McQuarters – player (DT), 1988 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1966–74).
Johnny Metras – builder, 1980 (St. Michael's College (ORFU) as player 1933–34; University of Western Ontario as assistant coach 1935–38, head coach 1939–69, and other roles).*
Barron Miles – player, 2018.
Rollie Miles – player (RB/DB/LB), 1980 (Edmonton Eskimos 1951–61).*
Jim Mills – player (OT), 2009 (BC Lions 1986–93/95; Ottawa Rough Riders 1994).
Derrell Mitchell – player (WR), 2016 (Toronto Argonauts 1997–03; Edmonton Eskimos 2004–06; Toronto Argonauts 2007).
Douglas Mitchell – builder, 2021 (CFL commissioner 1984–1988 (BC Lions as a player 1960).
Percival Molson – player (RB/K), 1963 (McGill University 1898–1901; Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers 1902–06).*
Joe Montford – player (DE), 2011 (Shreveport Pirates 1995; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1996–2001, 2003–04; Toronto Argonauts 2002; Edmonton Eskimos 2005–2006).
Ken Montgomery – builder, 1970 (Edmonton Eskimos as president 1952–54; president CRU and WIFU).*
Warren Moon – player (QB), 2001 (Edmonton Eskimos 1978–83). As of 2010, the only player to be a member of both the Canadian Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame (NFL).
Frank Morris – player (OG/DT), 1983 ( Navy 1942;  Navy 1943–44; Toronto Argonauts 1945–49; Edmonton Eskimos 1950–58).*
Teddy Morris – player, 1964 (Toronto Argonauts 1931–39, later as assistant coach 1940–41, head coach 1945–49;  Navy as coach 1942–44).*
Angelo Mosca – player (DT/OT/MG), 1987 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1958–59, 1962–72; Ottawa Rough Riders 1960–61; Montreal Alouettes 1962).
Cal Murphy – builder, 2004 (BC Lions as assistant coach 1972–75, head coach 1975–76; Montreal Alouettes as assistant coach 1977; Edmonton Eskimos as assistant coach 1978–82; Winnipeg Blue Bombers as head coach, GM, 1983–96; Saskatchewan Roughriders as head coach 1999).*
James Murphy – player (WR), 2000 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1982–90).

N
Don Narcisse – player (WR), 2010 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1987–99).
Roger Nelson – player (OT/DT/OG/OT), 1985 (Edmonton Eskimos 1954, 1956–67).*
Ray Nettles – player (LB), 2005 (BC Lions 1972–77; Toronto Argonauts 1977; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1978; Ottawa Rough Riders 1979; Calgary Stampeders 1980).*
Peter Neumann – player (DE), 1979 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1951–64).
Jack Newton – builder, 1964 (University of Toronto player/captain 1907–09; Toronto Argonauts player/coach 1912; Sarnia Imperials coach 1919–29).*

O
Bob O'Billovich – builder, 2015
Red O'Quinn – player (E), 1981 (Montreal Alouettes 1952–59, later as general manager; Ottawa Rough Riders as general manager).*
Mike O'Shea – player (LB), 2017 (Toronto Argonauts 1996–99; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 2000; Toronto Argonauts 2001–08).
Uzooma Okeke – player (OT), 2014 (Shreveport Pirates 1994–1995; Ottawa Rough Riders 1996; Montreal Alouettes 1997–2010).

P
Tony Pajaczkowski – player (DE/G), 1988 (Calgary Stampeders 1955–65; Montreal Alouettes 1966–67).
Jackie Parker – player (QB/HB/WR/K/P), 1971 (Edmonton Eskimos 1954–62; Toronto Argonauts 1963–65; BC Lions 1968).*
James Parker – player (LB/DE), 2001 (Edmonton Eskimos 1980–83; BC Lions 1984–89; Toronto Argonauts 1990–91).
Lui Passaglia – player (K/P), 2004 (BC Lions 1976–2000).

Hal Patterson – player (OE/DB), 1971 (Montreal Alouettes 1954–60; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1961–67).*
Elfrid Payton – player (DE), 2010 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1991–93, 2000, 2004; Shreveport Pirates 1994; Baltimore Stallions 1994–95; Montreal Alouettes 1996–99; Toronto Argonauts 2001; Edmonton Eskimos 2002–03).
Gordon Perry – player (RB), 1970 (Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers 1928–34).*
Norm Perry – player (RB), 1963 (Sarnia Imperials 1928–35).*
Rudy Phillips – player (OG), 2009 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1981–84; Edmonton Eskimos 1986–87; Calgary Stampeders 1988).
Joe Pistilli – builder, 2010 (Quebec Junior Football League as manager and other tasks 1967–present).
Allen Pitts – player (WR), 2006 (Calgary Stampeders 1990–2000).
Ernie Pitts – player, 2019*
Willie Pless – player (LB), 2005 (Toronto Argonauts1986–89; BC Lions 1990; Edmonton Eskimos 1991–98; Saskatchewan Roughriders 1999).
Ken Ploen – player (QB/DB), 1975 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1957–67).
Joe Poplawski – player (SB), 1998 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1978–86).
Ken Preston – builder, 1990 (Queen's University as player 1936–39; Winnipeg Blue Bombers as player 1941–42; Ottawa Rough Riders as player 1945; Saskatchewan Roughriders as player 1940, 1943, player/coach 1946–48, and general manager 1958–78).*
Mike Pringle – player (RB), 2008 (Edmonton Eskimos 1992, 2003–04; Sacramento Gold Miners 1993; Baltimore Stallions 1994–95; Montreal Alouettes 1996–2002).

Q
Silver Quilty – player (FW), 1966 (University of Ottawa 1907–1912; Ottawa Rough Riders 1913; McGill University 1914).*

R
Moe Racine – player (OT/K), 2014 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1958–74).*
Dave Raimey – player (RB/KR), 2000 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1965–68; Toronto Argonauts 1969–74).
Ricky Ray – player (QB), 2022 (Edmonton Eskimos 2002–03, 2005–11; Toronto Argonauts 2012–18).
Russ Rebholz – player (RB/QB), 1963 (Winnipeg St. John's 1932; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1933–38).*
Larry Reda – builder, 2015
George Reed – player (RB), 1979 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1963–75).*
Ted Reeve – player, 1963 (Toronto Argonauts 1923; Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers 1924–30, later as coach 1945–46; Queen's University as coach 1933–38; Montreal Royals as coach 1939; Toronto Beaches Indians as coach, 1948).*
Dave Ridgway – player (K), 2003 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1982–95).
Frank Rigney – player (OT), 1984 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1958–67).*
Al Ritchie – builder, 1963 (Saskatchewan Roughriders as manager 1921–28 and coach 1930–32, 1935, 1942).*
Dave Ritchie – builder, 2022 (Montreal Concordes / Alouettes as assistant coach 1983–87, 1995, as head coach 1997–98; Winnipeg Blue Bombers as assistant coach 1990–91, as head coach 1999–2004; Ottawa Rough Riders as assistant coach 1992; BC Lions as head coach 1993–95, as assistant coach 2005–07).
Charles Roberts – player (RB), 2014 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 2001–08; BC Lions 2008).
Larry Robinson – player (DB/K/R), 1998 (Calgary Stampeders 1961–75).*
Rocco Romano – player (OG), 2007 (Calgary Stampeders 1987, 1992–2000; Toronto Argonauts 1988; Ottawa Rough Riders 1989; BC Lions 1990–91).
Mike Rodden – builder, 1964 (Queen's University as player 1910–13, coach 1916; McGill University as player 1914; Toronto Parkdale Canoe Club as player 1915, coach 1921–22; Toronto Argonauts as player 1919–20, coach 1920, 1926; Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers as coach 1924; Hamilton Tigers as coach 1927–30, 1937).*
Paul Rowe – player (RB), 1964 (Calgary Bronks 1938–40; Calgary Stampeders 1945–50).*
Martin Ruby – player (OT/DT), 1974 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1951–57).*
Jeff Russel – player (RB), 1963 (Royal Military College of Canada 1917–20; McGill University 1920–22; Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers 1922–25).*
Joe Ryan – builder, 1968 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers as manager 1931–41).*

S
Ralph Sazio – builder, 1988 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats as player 1950–53, head coach 1963–67, general manager 1968–75, 1980, president 1973–77, vice-president of football operations 1978–80; Toronto Argonauts as president 1981–90).*
Stan Schwartz – builder, 2017 (Calgary Stampeders as assistant coach 1976–84, as president 1996–2004)
Tom Scott – player (SB), 1998 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1974–77; Edmonton Eskimos 1978–83; Calgary Stampeders 1984).
Vince Scott – player (DG), 1982 (Hamilton Wildcats 1949; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1950, 1952–62).*
Dick Shatto – player (FB/HB/SB/F), 1975 (Toronto Argonauts 1954–65).*
Frank "Shag" Shaughnessy – builder, 1963 (McGill University as coach 1912–28).*
Tom Shepherd – builder, 2008 (Saskatchewan Roughriders as president 1966–present).*
Roy Shivers – builder, 2022 (BC Lions as assistant coach 1983–85, as personnel manager 1986–89, 2008–17, Calgary Stampeders as personnel manager 1990–94, 1996–99, Birmingham Barracudas as general manager 1995, Saskatchewan Roughriders as general manager 2000–06).
Hap Shouldice – builder, 1977 (mostly for contributions to league rules and officiating including the CFL's first director of officiating in 1972).*
Geroy Simon – player (WR), 2017 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1999–2000, BC Lions 2001–2012, Saskatchewan Roughriders 2013)
Ben Simpson – player (HB/K), 1963 (Queen's University 1899–1903; Hamilton Tigers 1904–10).*
Bob Simpson – player (FW/RB/DB), 1976 (Windsor Rockets 1949; Ottawa Rough Riders 1950–62).*
Jimmie Simpson – builder, 1985 (Hamilton Tigers as player 1928–38; Hamilton Flying Wildcats as player 1943–44; Hamilton Tiger-Cats as trainer 1953–74; also for officiating 1945–56).*
Karl Slocomb – builder, 1989 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers as executive 1940s–1950s, president 1953; later as president of WIFU 1956 and CRU 1960).*
Frank Smith – builder, 2019
Victor Spencer – builder, 2006 (Hamilton Tigers as player BC Lions as club organizer, director, and executive in the 1950s, serving other roles since then).*
David Sprague – player (RB/DT), 1963 (Hamilton Tigers 1930–32; Ottawa Rough Riders 1933–40).*
Harry Spring – builder, 1976 (Meraloma Club (BCRFU) as president 1937; BC Lions as treasurer 1955–56, vice-president 1957, and president 1958–59).*
Milt Stegall – player (SB), 2012 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1995–2008).
Orlondo Steinauer – player (S), 2021 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1996; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1997–2000; Toronto Argonauts 2001–2008).
Art Stevenson – player (RB/QB/K), 1969 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1937–41).*
Ron Stewart – player (RB), 1977 (Queen's University 1953–57; Ottawa Rough Riders 1958–70).
Bummer Stirling – player (K/RB), 1966 (Sarnia Imperials 1929–38).*
Annis Stukus – builder, 1974 (Toronto Argonauts as player 1935–41; Toronto Oakwood Indians as player/coach 1942; Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers as player 1943;  Navy Bulldogs as player 1944; Toronto Indians as player 1945–46; Edmonton Eskimos as player 1949–50, coach/general manager 1949–51; BC Lions as coach/general manager 1954–55).*
Don Sutherin – player (DB/K), 1992 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1958, 1960–66; Ottawa Rough Riders 1967–69; Toronto Argonauts 1970).
Bill Symons – player (HB), 1997 (BC Lions 1966; Toronto Argonauts 1967–73).

T

Piffles Taylor – builder, 1963. (University of Toronto as player pre-WWI; Regina Roughriders as player 1914–16, 1919–20, later as president 1934–36; Regina Boat Club as player 1920–21 and coach 1922–23; later president of WIFU and CRU).*
Dave Thelen – player (RB), 1989 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1958–64; Toronto Argonauts 1965–66).
Dick Thornton – player (DB/KR), 2022 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1961–66; Toronto Argonauts 1967–72).*
Brian Timmis – player (OT), 1963 (Ottawa Seconds (QRFU) 1919; Regina Roughriders 1920–22; Ottawa Rough Riders 1923; Hamilton Tigers 1924–38).*
Tim Tindale – player (RB), 2022 (Western Mustangs 1990–1994).
Frank Tindall – builder, 1984 (Toronto Argonauts as player 1933–34; Queen's University as coach 1939–75).*
Buddy Tinsley – player (OT/DT), 1982 (Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1950–60).*
Andy Tommy – player (FW/HB), 1989 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1933–41, 1946–47; Toronto Argonauts 1945).*
Brian Towriss – builder, 2017 (Saskatchewan Huskies as assistant coach 1980–83; as coach 1984–2016).
Herb Trawick – player (OT), 1975 (Montreal Alouettes 1946–57).*
Joe Tubman – player (HB/K), 1968 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1919–31).*
Whit Tucker – player (HB/F), 1993 (University of Western Ontario 1960–61; Ottawa Rough Riders 1962–70).

U
Ted Urness – player (G/T/C), 1989 (Saskatchewan Roughriders 1961–70).
Larry Uteck – builder, 2020*

V
Kaye Vaughan – player (OG/OT/DT), 1978 (Ottawa Rough Riders 1953–64).*
Terry Vaughn – player (SB/WR), 2011 (Calgary Stampeders 1995–98; Edmonton Eskimos 1999–2004; Montreal Alouettes 2005; Hamilton Tiger-Cats 2006).
Greg Vavra – player, 2020
Pierre Vercheval – player (OG), 2007 (Edmonton Eskimos 1988–92; Toronto Argonauts 1993–97; Montreal Alouettes 1998–2001).

W
Virgil Wagner – player (RB/HB), 1980 (Montreal Alouettes 1946–54).*
Chris Walby – player (OT), 2003 (Montreal Alouettes 1981; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1981–96).
Mike Walker – player (DT), 2021 (Hamilton Tiger Cats 1982–1989; Edmonton Eskimos 1990–1991).
Clair Warner – builder, 1965 (Saskatchewan Roughriders as player 1924–32, executive 1934–70, president 1941).*
Bert Warwick – builder, 1964 (Winnipeg St. John's as player; Winnipeg Blue Bombers as coach 1945, executive; later as executive of CRU/CFL).*
Glen Weir – player (DT), 2009 (Montreal Alouettes 1972–1981; Montreal Concordes 1982–84).*
Bob Wetenhall – builder, 2015*
Huck Welch – player (RB/K), 1964 (Hamilton Tigers 1928–29, 1935–37); Montreal AAA Winged Wheelers 1930–34).*
James West – player (LB), 2016 (Calgary Stampeders 1982–84; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1985–92; BC Lions 1993).
Tom Wilkinson – player (QB), 1987 (Toronto Argonauts 1967–70; BC Lions 1971; Edmonton Eskimos 1972–81).
David Williams – player (WR), 2019 (BC Lions 1988–89; Ottawa Rough Riders 1990; Edmonton Eskimos 1991; Toronto Argonauts 1991–92; Winnipeg Blue Bombers 1993–95.*
Gizmo Williams – player (KR/WR), 2006 (Edmonton Eskimos 1986–2000).
Al Wilson – player (OL), 1997 (BC Lions 1972–86).
Don Wilson – player (DB), 2021 (Edmonton Eskimos 1987–1989, 1993–1994, 1998; Toronto Argonauts 1990–1992, 1995–1996; BC Lions 1997).
Seymour Wilson – builder, 1984 (Hamilton Tigers as player 1930–37; officiating 1938–70).*
Earl Winfield – player (WR/KR), 2013 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1987–97).
Harvey Wylie – player (DB/KR), 1980 (Calgary Stampeders 1956–64).

Y
Dan Yochum – player (OT), 2004 (Montreal Alouettes 1972–1980; Edmonton Eskimos 1980).
Jim Young – player (WR), 1991 (Queen's University 1961–63; BC Lions 1967–79).

Z
Ben Zambiasi – player (LB), 2004 (Hamilton Tiger-Cats 1978–87; Toronto Argonauts 1988).
Bill Zock – player (G/T), 1984 (Toronto Argonauts 1937–41; Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers 1942–44; Edmonton Eskimos 1951–54).*

Football reporters of Canada
In addition to builders of the sport, and players, the Hall of Fame also has a section dedicated towards broadcasters and reporters of the sport.

Inductees

Ernie Afaganis, 1988
Tony Allen, 1981
Perc Allen, 1991
Ralph Allen, 1990
Jeff Avery, 2017
John Badham, 1995
Mike Beamish, 2014
Eric Bishop, 1987
Bob Bratina, 1998
Rheaume Brisebois, 1982
Stephen Brunt, 2007
Ernie Calcutt, 2017*
Dink Carroll, 1986
Tom Casey, 2004
Don Chevrier, 2016*
Rick Cluff, 1999
Cam Cole, 2002
Jim Coleman, 1980
Jim Cox, 1997
Gordon Craig, 1996
Chris Cuthbert, 2014
Darrell Davis, 2006
Vern DeGeer, 1981
Dave Dryburgh, 1981
Pierre Dufault, 2001
Milt Dunnell, 1986
Johnny Esaw, 1984
Trent Frayne, 1987
Bob Frewin, 1990
Kent Gilchrist, 2005
Bill Good, Sr., 1982
Paul Graham, 2018
Bryan Hall, 1989
Bob Hanley, 1992
Bob Hooper, 2021
Bob Hughes, 1990
Jim Hunt, 1987
Gorde Hunter, 1983
Bob Irving, 1997
Dale Isaac, 2003
Mal Isaac, 2003
Terry Jones, 2002
Jim Kearney, 1993
Graham Kelly, 2002
George Kent, 1988
Terry Kielty, 1991
Eddie MacCabe, 1985
Al Maki, 2006
Pat Marsden, 1989
Norm Marshall, 1989
Peter Martin, 2000
Jack Matheson, 1986
Rick Matsumoto, 1994
Al McCann, 1993
J. P. McConnell, 1996
Wes McKnight, 1985
Paul McLean, 2009
Tom Melville, 1988
Ivan Miller, 1979
Steve Milton, 2012
Bob Moir, 1985
Dave Naylor, 2015
Ken Newans, 1991
Andy O'Brien, 1980
Basil O'Meara, 1979
Bernie Pascall, 2021
Joe Pascucci, 2015
Hal Pawson, 1983
Bob Picken, 1992
Jim Proudfoot, 1992
Tony Proudfoot, 2008
Pierre Proulx, 1985
Gillis Purcell, 1987
Dan Ralph, 2012
Ted Reeve, 1979
Al Ruckaber, 2005
Lloyd Saunders, 1986
Bill Selnes, 2013
Fred Sgambati, 1989
Hal Sigurdson, 1994
Steve Simmons, 2019
Doug Smith, 1983
Maurice Smith, 1982
Mark Stephen, 2013
Bill Stephenson, 1988
Annis Stukus, 1980
Glen Suitor, 2022
Jack Sullivan, 1994
Erwin Swangard, 1984
Ed Tait, 2011
Jim Taylor, 1989
Larry Tucker, 2019
Lowell Ullrich, 2014
Henry Viney, 1980
Gord Walker, 1982
Hal Walker, 1979
Jack Wells, 1981
John Wells, 1995
Bill Westwick, 1984
Ed Willes, 2022
Brian Williams, 2010
Don Wittman, 1990
Herb Zurkowsky, 2008

See also

TSN Top 50 CFL Players
List of attractions in Hamilton, Ontario
List of Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees

References

External links

Canadian Football League
Sports halls of fame
Sports museums in Canada
History of Canadian football
Canadian football trophies and awards
Museums in Hamilton, Ontario
Canadian football in Hamilton, Ontario
Halls of fame in Canada
1972 establishments in Canada

Canadian Football Hall of Fame


Shabir Isoufi (* 9. März 1992 in Kandahar, Afghanistan) ist ein niederländisch-afghanischer Fußballspieler.

Karriere

Vereinskarriere
Der offensive Mittelfeldspieler stand in der Saison 2011/12 bei Feyenoord Rotterdam unter Vertrag, war aber seit Dezember 2011 an den Zweitligisten FC Dordrecht ausgeliehen, für den er in zehn Spielen der Eerste Divisie einen Treffer erzielte. Vor seinem Wechsel zu Feyenoord war er beim Lokalrivalen Excelsior in Rotterdam aktiv; hier kam er viermal in der Eredivisie zum Einsatz. Seit 2014 ist er nur noch im Amateurbereich aktiv, zuletzt beim Fünftligisten SC Feyenoord.

Nationalmannschaft

Niederlande
Er absolvierte insgesamt 17 Länderspiele für die Nachwuchsteams der Niederlande, darunter die 1:2-Finalniederlage bei der U-17-Europameisterschaft 2009 gegen Deutschland.

Afghanische Nationalmannschaft
Am 29. Mai 2015 debütierte Isoufi in der afghanischen Nationalmannschaft, dabei schoss er ein Tor. Alle seine sieben Länderspiele absolvierte er in diesem Jahr.

Weblinks
 Shabir Isoufi in der Datenbank von National Football Teams
 Profil bei Voetbal International

Einzelnachweise

Fußballnationalspieler (Afghanistan)
Fußballspieler (Feyenoord Rotterdam)
Fußballspieler (Excelsior Rotterdam)
Fußballspieler (FC Dordrecht)
Fußballspieler (Telstar 1963)
Fußballspieler (BVV Barendrecht)
Fußballspieler (ASWH)
Niederländer
Afghane
Geboren 1992
Mann

Shabir Isoufi


Fevziye, Konya ili Kulu ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Daha önceleri Kulu'ya bağlı bir mahalle iken, 15 Ağustos 1952'de köy statüsü kazandı. 2012 yılındaki yasa değişikliğinden sonra yeniden mahalle oldu.

Coğrafya
Köy, Konya il merkezine 160, Kulu ilçe merkezine 11 km mesafededir.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 YerelNET

Kulu'nun mahalleleri

Fevziye, Kulu


Alexander Behrang Keshtkar (født 3. juli 1984 i Shiraz, Iran) er en dansk skuespiller.

Baggrund
Alexander Behrang Keshtkar er født i Shiraz i Iran, men kom til Danmark som et-årig flygtning og fik bopæl i Kalundborg. Han flyttede efterfølgende til Nivå i Nordsjælland.

Alexander er blandt andet kendt for kronikken "Jeg var Omar el-Hussein", som blev bragt i Information.

Karriere
Han var med i 4. sæson af tv-serien Broen, som havde premiere den 1. januar 2018 på DR1. Han spillede også skurken i Eric Bress' film Ghosts Of War som også havde biografpremiere i 2018.

På teateret har Alexander spillet på Betty Nansen Teatret (Contact) i stykket "Ik' for børn".

Filmografi

Film
 De Standhaftige (2016) - sygeplejer
 Undercover (2016) - fynsk gangster
 Dræberne fra Nibe (2017) - taxachauffør
 Mens vi lever (2017) - lærer Bo

Tv-serier
 Rita - Bo
 Broen III (2018) - Taariq
 ''Den som dræber – Fanget af mørket (2019) - Murad

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Skuespillere fra Danmark

Alexander Behrang Keshtkar


Biserica reformată din Hunedoara este un monument istoric aflat pe teritoriul municipiului Hunedoara. În Repertoriul Arheologic Național, monumentul apare cu codul 86829.13.01, 86829.16.

Note

Monumente istorice din județul Hunedoara
Biserici reformate din România
Hunedoara
Biserici din județul Hunedoara

Biserica reformată din Hunedoara


Bochum-Sevinghausen, Almanya'nın Kuzey Ren-Vestfalya eyaletinde, Bochum kentine bağlı idari bölge. 1926'da Wattenscheid'a bağlandı. 1975'te Wattenscheid'in Bochum'a bağlanması kararı çerçevesinde Bochum iline dahil edildi.

Bochum

Bochum-Sevinghausen


Planinica je brdo iznad Mostara.

Dio brda koja okružuju Mostarsku kotlinu. Na prijelazu je iz niskoga hercegovačkog krša u visokoplaninsko područje. Geološki pripada mladom nabranom gorju i u širem smislu, predstavlja jugoistočni izdanak masiva Čabulje.

Obilježja krškog reljefa, kamenjar, sipar i dr. Teren nije miniran kao Hum. Dijelom je grada zbog padina, duboko uraslih u gradu. Najviši vrh je na 868 metara nadmorske visine, na platou. Planinica se izdiže iznad Cima, Zgona, Rudnika, Ilića, Vihovića, Orlaca i Tarasovca. Na Planinici je Cimska gomila. Postoji markirana planinarska staza.
Brdo krasi grb HZ Herceg-Bosne, površine 2.000 četvornih metara napravljen bojanjem kamenja. Akciju su 26. ožujka 2016. sproveli entuzijasti sa zapadne strane grada, izradila grupa mladih i entuzijastičnih Hrvata, vrlo vjerojatno i pripadnika navijača HŠK Zrinjski. Kamena šahovnica se nalazi ispod releja na vrhu brda.

Galerija

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Staze i bogaze  Mostar-Planinica-Goranci (Japanska staza 11,5 km)

Brda u Bosni i Hercegovini
Mostar

Planinica (brdo iznad Mostara)


Michael Robert Rhein (* 18. Mai 1964 in Dingelstädt), bekannt unter dem Künstlernamen Das letzte Einhorn, ist ein deutscher Sänger und Musiker. Er ist der Gründer und Sänger der deutschen Mittelalter-Rockband In Extremo.

Leben
Rhein wuchs im thüringischen Leinefelde auf und begann im Alter von 12 Jahren Musik zu machen. 1983 gründete Rhein die Rockband "Nr. 13", nach Auftrittsverbot in der damaligen DDR 1985 umbenannt in "Einschlag". Nach erneutem Verbot 1987 gründete Rhein unter dem Künstlernamen Robert Rain die Band "Noah" mit derselben Besetzung wie Nr. 13 und Einschlag.

Ab 1990 begann Rhein, Mittelaltermärkte zu besuchen. 1992 gründete er zusammen mit dem Künstler Teufel (Corvus Corax) und dem Musiker Bo "Pullarius Furcillo", die Mittelaltermusik und Gauklerstücke zum Besten gab. Nach dem Tod von Bo bestand Pullarius Furcillo weiter als Duo.

Nach dem Ende der Saison 1995 ging Teufel wieder zu Corvus Corax. Rhein gründete zusammen mit Conny Fuchs und Flex dem Biegsamen die Formation In Extremo, die akustische Mittelaltermusik machte. 1998 wurden Noah und In Extremo offiziell zusammengelegt zu In Extremo.

Zum zweijährigen Geburtstagskonzert der Band erlitt Rhein im Mannheimer Capitol schwere Verbrennungen bei einer Feuerspuck-Showeinlage. Zwei Monate später konnte er jedoch bereits wieder spielen.

Bis heute hat Rhein mit In Extremo zwölf Studioalben veröffentlicht und war bei diversen Bands als Gastsänger tätig. 2004 wirkte er in dem Film Kinder der Nacht als Mitglied des "Rates der Vampire" mit.

Seit 2020 ist Rhein Mitglied der Blues Band Monomann, zusammen mit dem Autor Kay Lutter, Brian Bosse und Albrecht Steinfort.

Am 11. November 2022 wurde das erste Video von Universum25 vorgestellt. Bei diesem musikalischen Projekt mit anderen Größen der deutschen Rockmusik (u. a. Dritte Wahl, Slime) fungiert Rhein ebenfalls als Sänger. Eine Tour ist für 2023 geplant.

Michael Robert Rhein ist verheiratet und Vater mehrerer Kinder. Seine Tochter ist im Video der Single Horizont zu sehen. Er wohnt im Bergheimer Stadtteil Quadrath-Ichendorf und in einem Fischerdorf in Kroatien.

Diskographie
Mit In Extremo
 Siehe In Extremo/Diskografie.

 Mit anderen Bands
 2003: Gastgesang bei Willst du's extrem auf der Schandmaul-DVD und -CD Hexenkessel
 2003: Gastgesang bei Rheingold auf dem Grave-Digger-Album Rheingold
 2003: Gastgesang bei Veris Dulcis und Le Povre Villon auf dem Schelmish-Album Tempus Mutatur
 2004: Gastgesang bei Ich was ein Chint auf dem Schelmish-Album Igni Gena
 2004: Gastgesang bei I guess you know auf dem Exilia-Album Unleashed
 2008: Mundharmonika bei Going Down Blues auf dem The Armada-Album The Armada
 2009: Gastgesang bei Wer sonst? (Einhorn Radio Edit) auf der ASP-EP Wer sonst?/Im Märchenland
 2011: Gastgesang bei Fields of Green/Nie zu spät auf dem Fiddler's-Green-Album Wall of Folk
 2011: Gastgesang bei Mond auf dem Rêverie-Album Wandel
 2012: Gastgesang bei Charon auf dem Grave-Digger-Album Clash of the Gods
 2014: Gastgesang bei Buntes Volk auf dem Faun-Album Luna
 2017: Gastgesang bei Meridian auf dem Manntra-Album Meridian
 2019: Gastgesang bei Alte Liebe rostet nicht (Akustik Version) auf dem Hämatom-Album Maskenball
 2019: Gastgesang bei Murter (Kroatien) auf dem Manntra-Album Oyka!
 2020: Gastgesang bei einer Neuauflage von Time to wonder von Fury in the Slaughterhouse
 2023: Gesang bei Universum25 von Universum25

Ohne Zeitangabe
 Nr. 13 – Arestide (Kassette)
 Noah – Hilf deiner Polizei, schlag dich selbst (LP)
 Noah – Desert Storm (Single)
 Noah – Aufschwung Ost (CD)
 Neues Glas aus alten Scherben, Mundharmonika, als Gast (CD)

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 In Extremo Fanclub
 In Extremo auf Underground Empire

Musiker (Deutschland)
Mittelalterrock-Musiker
Pseudonym
In Extremo
Person (Dingelstädt)
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren 1964
Mann

Michael Robert Rhein


Costas de Pereira, auch als Mevir Costas de Pereyra bezeichnet, ist eine Ortschaft in Uruguay.

Geographie
Costas de Pereira befindet sich auf dem Gebiet des Departamento San José in dessen Sektor 5 in der Cuchilla Pereira. Ansiedlungen in der Nähe sind im Nordwesten La Boyada und im Südosten Rincón del Pino. Östlich des Ortes entspringt der Arroyo Juncal.

Infrastruktur
Durch den Ort führt die Ruta 1.

Einwohner
Die Einwohnerzahl von Costas de Pereira beträgt 134 (Stand: 2011), davon 69 männliche und 65 weibliche. Für die vorhergehenden Volkszählungen der Jahre 1963, 1975, 1985 und 1996 sind beim Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay keine Daten erfasst worden.

Quelle: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

Weblinks
 Stadtplan von Costas de Pereira (PDF; 75 kB)

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Departamento San José

Costas de Pereira


Turneul masculin de curling din cadrul Jocurilor Olimpice de Iarnă din 2018 a avut loc între 14 și 24 februarie 2018 la Gangneung Curling Centre. Zece națiuni au concurat într-o rundă preliminară, în sistem fiecare cu fiecare, echipele clasate pe primele patru locuri calificându-se pentru etapa eliminatorie.

Echipe
Echipele au fost alcătuite astfel:

Clasament etapa preliminară

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Rezultate turneu fiecare cu fiecare

Draw 1
Miercuri, 14 februarie, 09:05

Draw 2
Miercuri, 14 februarie, 20:05

Draw 3
Joi, 15 februarie, 14:05

Draw 4
Vineri, 16 februrarie, 09:05

Draw 5
Vineri, 16 februarie, 20:05

Draw 6
Sâmbătă, 17 februarie, 14:05

Draw 7
Duminică, 18 februarie, 09:05

Draw 8
Duminică, 18 februarie, 20:05

Draw 9
Luni, 19 februarie, 14:05

Draw 10
Marți, 20 februarie, 09:05

Draw 11
Marți, 20 februarie, 20:05

Draw 12
Miercuri, 21 februarie, 14:05

Tie-break

Joi, 22 februarie, 09:05

Play-off

Semifinale

Meciul pentru medalia de bronz

Finala

Clasament final
Clasamentul final a fost:

Referințe

Curling la Jocurile Olimpice de iarnă din 2018

Curling la Jocurile Olimpice de iarnă din 2018 - Turneul masculin


තාං රාජවංශය (, ; ) හෙවත් තාං අධිරාජ්‍යය යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ 618 සිට 907 දක්වා පැවති අධිරාජකීය චීන පාලන රාජවංශයකි. (690 සහ 705 අතර කාලයේ අරාජික සමයයක් සහිතව) මෙය සුයි රාජවංශයෙන් අනතුරුව රාජ්‍යත්වයට පත් අතර, අනතුරුව පංච රාජවංශ සහ දස රාජධානි යුගය ඇරඹිණි. ඉතිහාසඥයන්‍ට අනුව, තාං රාජවංශය චීන ශිෂ්ටාචාරයේ උච්චස්ථානය ලෙස සැළකෙන අතර, චීන සංස්කෘතියේ ස්වර්ණමය යුගය ලෙස ද සැලකෙයි.

සටහන්

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

උද්ධෘත

බාහිර සබැඳි

 The Tang Dynasty at the Metropolitan Museum of Art
 Home of 300 Tang Poems, University of Virginia
 Tang art with video commentary, from the Minneapolis Institute of Arts
 Paintings of Sui and Tang dynasties
 Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199.

චීන ඉතිහාසයේ රාජවංශ
චීන ඉතිහාසයේ පැරණි රටවල්
අධිරාජකීය චීනය
මධ්‍යකාලීන ආසියාව

තාං රාජවංශය