The Sims Social fue un videojuego de tiempo real, desarrollado por EA Interactive y Playfish. Basado en el juego Los Sims. El juego estuvo disponible mediante el sitio web de la red social Facebook y a través de una aplicación para iPhone. El juego permitió a los miembros de Facebook manejar una vida virtual: crearte a ti mismo, alimentarte, asearte, dormir y socializar con tus amigos y hasta hacer tus necesidades. Desde su lanzamiento en septiembre de 2011, la aplicación se convirtió en uno de los juegos más populares de Facebook.
El 15 de abril de 2013, Electronic Arts anunció que el juego se cerraría de manera definitiva el 14 de junio de 2013.

Argumento

El juego consistía en crear personajes (Sims) y "construirles" una vida, satisfacer sus necesidades, concretar sus aspiraciones y cumplir sus sueños. El juego permite diseñarles a los Sims una casa y abastecerla con todos los objetos que se requieran para satisfacer sus necesidades. El juego posee una interesante opción de modo libre (libre albedrío) con la que los personajes pueden realizar sus actividades por sí solos, aunque lo normal es que el jugador intervenga dándole órdenes, las cuales pueden incluso no ser respetadas por los Sims en situaciones específicas. El jugador debe satisfacer las necesidades básicas de los Sims, como comer, dormir, entre otras. Existen diferentes tipos de habilidades como Escritura, Cocina, Pintura, Música, Deportes y Lógica, las cuales se podrá ir subiendo de nivel realizando diferentes acciones como escribir, cocinar, pintar o componer música.
Los Sims pueden llegar a ser amigos, sube queridos, viejos enemigos, Amienemigos, inseparables, mejores amigos para siempre, los enemigos y los enemigos del arco. Grandes Enemigos o enemigos con el arco Sims permite nuevas interacciones, tales como patadas de su bote de basura, la lucha contra el otro Sim, y golpeando ellos. Hay nueve personajes diferentes, que pueden afectar a un estilo de vida del Sim. Los estilos de vida son creativos friki, el villano, la alta sociedad, roquero, introvertido, el magnate, atleta, y romántico. Después de seleccionar un personaje, que cuesta 50 SimCash para cambiarlo. Eventos que suceden en el juego pueden ser compartidos en el perfil de un jugador y los de sus amigos. El juego tiene más de dibujos animados al estilo de arte que los juegos anteriores de la serie, que se centró en el arte realista. Sin embargo, el juego cuenta con el estilo isométrico de la serie Sims. Este juego tiene unos gráficos 2D y entró en beta abierta el 9 de agosto de 2011. Toda la interfaz de lo social Los Sims se ha simplificado. Esto hace que sea fácil de usar que otros juegos como Los Sims 3, sin embargo, esto elimina muchas características. Asea muy bien a tus Sims, lávales las manos cuando estornuden, pues pueden contraer un virus en el cual vomitan y se lo emiten a los demás sims.

Modo de Juego

Crear un Sim

Crear un Sim (CUS) tiene muchas similitudes con CUS en Los Sims 3, las diferencias sin embargo, muchos también. La interfaz es más simple y sencillo que otros juegos de Los Sims con el fin de atraer a los jugadores casuales. Crear un Sim, los jugadores pueden personalizar el nombre de su Sim, el sexo, personalidad, color de la piel, la ropa, el peinado, el color del cabello, cejas, ojos, nariz, boca, vello facial, y accesorios. Ninguna de estas opciones son permanentes, sin embargo el cambio de un género Sim cuesta 10 SimCash y cambiar su personalidad cuesta 50 SimCash. La personalidad de un Sim se parece mucho a las características de Los Sims 3. Una personalidad se define casi todas las acciones lleva a cabo un Sim. si

Habilidades

Al igual que otros juegos de la serie Los Sims, Los Sims también pueden desarrollar sus habilidades. Actualmente hay cuatro habilidades: Arte, Cocina, Música y Escritura. El desarrollo de niveles más altos el nivel de habilidad permiten Sims para obtener nuevos objetos. Sims desarrollar las habilidades que el jugador interactúa con un objeto de arte (como el caballete o el ordenador cuando el nivel 30), un objeto de la música (como una guitarra o un teclado al nivel 10), un objeto de cocina (como un microondas, una cafetera, cuando nivel 10, o una estufa cuando el nivel 15), o un objeto de escritura (como un ordenador o máquina de escribir cuando el nivel 10). A veces, las habilidades son una parte de las misiones le da al jugador por su Sim de lograr.

Rasgos

Hay nueve rasgos de Sims, en Los Sims social. Los rasgos son comprables con los Puntos de Vida. Cada rasgo también cuenta con cinco niveles, cada una de las necesidades que se compra a un precio doble de puntos de vida que la anterior. Las características disponibles en la actualidad son patán, la vejiga de acero, mecánico limpio, súper, loco, ogro, ninja, un gran besador, y el búho nocturno. Cuando el jugador mejora el nivel de un rasgo, el carácter se vuelve más prominente en el estilo de vida del Sim. El ejemplo más visible de esto es en el rasgo de ninja. Cuando un Sim tiene el nivel de un rasgo de ninja, el Sim camina más rápido. Sin embargo, cuando un Sim tiene el nivel cinco rasgos ninja, que puede teletransportarse de un lugar a otro. El rasgo ninja es útil si el jugador tiene una casa más grande. En el rasgo de locura, los Sims pueden reducir la necesidad del ser social y puede hablar con las plantas sin la gente que visita (en las versiones anteriores, hablar con las plantas también elimina la energía necesaria para cumplir Social). A nivel 5 rasgo de locura le permite hablar de la SIM a sí mismos para cumplir con la diversión y social, sin la eliminación de la energía.
y puedes socialicarte

Necesidades y Energía

En The Social Sims, Los Sims tienen necesidades, al igual que con otros juegos de la serie Sims. Sin embargo, a diferencia de otros juegos de la serie, los Sims no puede morir. Hay seis necesidades: diversión social, el hambre, la higiene, la vejiga, y el sueño. Cuando todas las necesidades se cumplan, o en un estado de ánimo muy bueno, El del jugador se sentirá inspirado. Cuando el Sims se inspira gana más simoleones al realizar las tareas de habilidad. Sims con un mal humor no seguir las indicaciones del jugador. En su lugar, van a cumplir sus propias necesidades de autonomía. Todos los medidores de estado de ánimo del ciclo desde el verde intenso (bien) a verde claro, amarillo, naranja, rojo, gris y finalmente. Todas las necesidades se pueden mejorar de la casa del Sim. Otra de las características ubicado al lado de las necesidades es el medidor de diversión. Esto puede varíate en gran medida dependiendo de la personalidad del Sim. Por ejemplo, un Sim con una personalidad atlética no se encuentra jugando en la computadora y juegos electrónicos tan agradables como un Sim con una personalidad geek. Los Sims ya cuidar de sí mismos con autonomía. Si se deja a su suerte, los Sims realizar acciones que ayuden a los más bajos metros, siempre que tengan un objeto apropiado cercano. Esto no puede continuar durante largos períodos de tiempo, ya que, finalmente, el juego se detiene y le dice al jugador "Tu Sim te necesita", O para seguir jugando el juego.
Las necesidades son:
 Hambre: Para solucionar un medidor de hambre bajo la solución es simplemente comer...
 Vejiga: Sencillamente la necesidad de ir al retrete. Si el medidor de esta necesidad es muy bajo, el Sim tendrá un "accidente", reduciendo drásticamente su higiene.
 Higiene: Esta necesidad se satisface con una ducha o un baño, aunque también sube ligeramente lavándose las manos o los dientes.
 Dormir: La forma más efectiva de subir el medidor dormir. Cuanta más cara sea la cama, mejor descansará. También se puede aumentar ligeramente el medidor bebiendo café.
 Diversión: Pueden ayudar muchas actividades a satisfacer esta necesidad, dependiendo de la personalidad del Sim. Algunos disfrutan más de la lectura otros de videojuegos. Existen numerosos objetos destinados a aumentar el medidor de diversión y mejorar el humor de nuestro Sim, también al jugar con painball, computadora etc.
 Social: La forma más efectiva de hacerlo es compartir actividades con otros Sims. Estas actividades pueden ir desde hablar por teléfono a bailar juntos.

Moneda

Los Sims social tiene tres monedas: el Simoleon, SimCash y Puntos Social. Estas monedas se usan para comprar artículos en el juego. Simoleones son la moneda más básicas. A diferencia de los otros juegos de la serie Los Sims, Los Sims no pueden conseguir trabajo para ganar simoleones vez son obtenidos mediante la realización de cualquier tarea no autónomos. SimCash pueden más fácilmente ser obtenida mediante la compra con el mundo real las monedas, sin embargo, una reciente actualización para el juego permite a los usuarios a ganar hasta 10 SimCash como recompensa por jugar el juego en 5 días consecutivos. SimCash permite al jugador comprar objetos Edición especial y limitada. Cuando el jugador comienza el juego, recibirá el 40 SimCash libre. Puntos sociales se obtienen mediante la realización de las interacciones sociales con otros Sims. Estos pueden ser usados para comprar objetos que no están disponibles en Simoleones. Usted puede cambiar el ángulo social de simoleones mediante la compra de un artículo de perspectiva social y venderlos. Ejemplo: G Rey compra dotado con 15.000 Puntos Social, que se puede vender por 15.000 simoleones.

Interacción Social

Gran parte del juego requiere de regalos para enviar a sus amigos, de ahí el "social" en el nombre. Por ejemplo, cuando un Sim a los niveles de una habilidad, deben tener ciertos elementos para desbloquear el siguiente nivel. La mayoría de estos artículos deben ser enviados al jugador de los amigos o se obtienen mediante la interacción con los Sims de sus amigos. Esto ha sido una molestia para muchos jugadores que no tienen una gran cantidad de amigos. Cuando el jugador no puede obtener los objetos de los amigos, la única otra opción es saltarse la tarea con SimCash. Ciertos elementos, como camas dobles y sofás, tendrán un icono de martillo en la esquina derecha. Esto denota que este tema requiere un poco de montaje. Para montar el punto que un jugador necesita ciertos elementos que solo se puede obtener preguntando a sus amigas para ellos.
Los jugadores pueden seguir tres diferentes relaciones con sus vecinos. Pueden llegar a ser amigos, rivales, o entrar en un romance. Hay varios niveles de relación que se abrió, al pasar de conocidos a amigos a mejores amigos o rivales amistosos. Cada ruta de la relación le da al jugador diferentes interacciones sociales, así como las diferentes tareas que se pueden realizar en casas de amigos. Los rivales puede ser grosero el uno al otro por insultar a los demás, jugar bromas, jugar con los electrodomésticos, y otras interacciones negativas. Una vez que el jugador llegue a un nivel de relaciones nuevas, que tendrán que enviar un mensaje a tu amigo para recibir su aprobación para el nuevo nivel.

Artesanía
Además de la construcción de objetos y habilidades de desbloqueo, los jugadores pueden utilizar los elementos encontrados por la realización de tareas para elaborar pociones especiales y colecciones completas. Los jugadores pueden crear pociones numerosas que pueden proporcionar beneficios a los Sims. Por ejemplo, una poción de la diversión instantáneamente al límite de un nivel de diversión Sim, o una poción de mal humor al instante todos los tanques que necesita un Sim. Agotan las necesidades es muy útil cuando la búsqueda de elementos determinados. Los artículos pueden ser hechos a mano por ir a la sección de artesanía en la parte inferior de la pantalla. Otros artículos incluyen la elaboración de la nueva energía y Simoleones. Se cierne sobre los elementos que se requieren se muestran las formas de obtener en el juego. Una vez que todos los elementos necesarios se obtienen, los jugadores pueden hacer clic en el botón de elaboración artesanal y el elemento. El objeto creado se guarda en la mochila del jugador. Muchos ingredientes también pueden ser dotados a otros.

Fin del juego

En abril de 2013, EA anunció el cierre de The Sims Social junto con otros dos juegos para la plataforma de Facebook (SimCity Social y Pet Society). La compañía justificó su acción con la repentina bajada de actividades de estos títulos y el uso exagerado de recursos para la elaboración de ítems (que lanzaban cada semana).

La falta de jugadores y el incremento de cuentas fantasma fue lo que llevó al cierre definitivo del juego el 14 de junio de 2013, sin mencionar el distanciamiento que se produjo entre Facebook y EA.

Véase también

 Los Sims
 EA
 Playfish

Enlaces externos
 Sitio Web Oficial
 Perfil en Facebook
 Página oficial de EA

Referencias

Videojuegos de Electronic Arts
Los Sims
Videojuegos de 2011
Videojuegos de simulación de citas
Videojuegos para Facebook

The Sims Social


Otholobium, biljni rod iz porodice mahunarki raširen po zapadnim dijelovima Južne Amerike i istočnim i južnim dijelovima Afrike. Pripadaju mu šezdesetak vrsta

Vrste

 Otholobium accrescens C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium acuminatum (Lam.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium arborescens C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium argenteum (Thunb.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium bolusii (H.M.L.Forbes) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium bowieanum (Harv.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium brachystachyum (Spruce ex Diels) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium bracteolatum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium caffrum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium candicans (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium carneum (Kuntze) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium curtisiae C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium diffidens J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium dreweae C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium flexuosum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium foliosum (Oliv.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium fruticans (L.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium fumeum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium glandulosum (L.) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium hamatum (Harv.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium heterosepalum (Fourc.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium higuerilla (Gillies ex Hook.) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium hirtum (L.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium holosericeum (Barneby) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium incanum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium lanceolatum C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium lucens C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium macradenium (Harv.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium mexicanum (L.f.) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium mundianum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium munyense (J.F.Macbr.) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium nigricans C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium nitens C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium obliquum (E.Mey.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium outrampsii C.H.Stirt. & du Preez
 Otholobium parviflorum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium pictum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium piliferum C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium polyphyllum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium polystictum (Benth. ex Harv.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium prodiens C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium pubescens (Poir.) J.W.Grimes
 Otholobium pungens C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium pustulatum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium racemosum (Thunb.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium rotundifolium (L.f.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium rubicundum C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium sabulosum C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium saxosum C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium sericeum (Poir.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium spicatum (L.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium spissum C.H.Stirt. & Muasya
 Otholobium stachyerum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium striatum (Thunb.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium swartbergense C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium thomii (Harv.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium trianthum (E.Mey.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium uncinatum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium venustum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium virgatum (Burm.fil.) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium wilmsii (Harms) C.H.Stirt.
 Otholobium zeyheri (Harv.) C.H.Stirt.

Izvori

Glycininae

Otholobium


Denitsa Ikonomova (en ), née le  à Kyoustendil en Bulgarie, est une danseuse et chorégraphe bulgaro-canadienne.

Elle a été sacrée championne de Bulgarie en danse standard, latine et dix danses avec son partenaire de danse Christian Millette. En 2011, elle participe à So You Think You Can Dance au Canada où elle atteint les demi-finales.

À partir de 2012, elle participe à l'émission Danse avec les stars sur TF1, qui l'a fait connaître du grand public français. Elle a remporté quatre saisons du programme aux côtés de Rayane Bensetti, Loïc Nottet, Laurent Maistret et Clément Rémiens, puis a intégré le jury en 2021. Elle annonce l'année suivante son départ de l'émission.

Biographie

Enfance et jeunesse
Denitsa Ikonomova est née  à Kyoustendil en Bulgarie. Elle passe son enfance et une partie de son adolescence à Sofia.

À l'âge de 6 ans, c'est en voyant son frère aîné Pavel danser qu'elle se passionne pour cet art.

En 1996, à seulement 9 ans, elle arrive parmi les finalistes du Finalist Latin World juvénile.

Elle arrête pourtant la danse quelques années plus tard pour se consacrer au basket-ball, qu'elle pratique durant toute sa scolarité en Bulgarie, pour finalement reprendre la danse, à l'âge de 15 ans, où elle excelle.

Déménagement et débuts
Peu après avoir repris la danse, elle déménage au Canada, en compagnie de sa famille, afin d'intégrer une école de danse prestigieuse, la Arthur Murray Dance School de Montréal. Sa carrière commence alors, mais elle en entame une autre en parallèle dans le domaine de la finance. Elle travaillera ainsi pendant huit années dans des banques. Côté danse, elle décroche des résultats honorables, terminant à la  au Championnat du monde de danse ou encore  du World Dance Council.

Titres et appartitions à la télévision
En 2005, elle fait la rencontre de Christian Millette, .

En 2011, elle se classe  du Rising latin star, une émission québécoise. Durant la même année, elle est .

En 2011,  à la  de So You Think You Can Dance Canada, avec son partenaire de danse Christian Millette. Lors des auditions, elle se présente en tant que Ballroom Dancer (danseuse de salon) et fait partie de la sélection des 22 danseurs sur une centaine, afin de participer au programme. Elle participe à l'émission durant huit semaines sur les neuf du programme.

.

Professionnalisation grâce à Danse avec les stars
À partir de 2012, Denitsa Ikonomova intègre l'équipe de danseurs de l'émission Danse avec les stars sur TF1, ce qui lui permet tout à la fois de se faire connaître du grand public français et de devenir professionnelle. Elle est la partenaire de danse :
 du champion de roller Taïg Khris (saison 3, automne 2012), avec qui elle termine troisième en finale, puis à nouveau Taïg Khris (Danse avec les stars fête Noël, hiver 2012), avec qui elle termine troisième ;
 de l'acteur Laurent Ournac (saison 4, automne 2013), avec qui elle termine cinquième ;
 de l'acteur Rayane Bensetti (saison 5, automne 2014), avec qui elle gagne la compétition ;
 du chanteur Loïc Nottet (saison 6, automne 2015), avec qui elle gagne la compétition, auteurs d'une prestation remarquée dans le monde entier ;
 du mannequin et chroniqueur Laurent Maistret (saison 7, automne 2016), avec qui elle gagne la compétition ;
 du chanteur Sinclair (saison 8, automne 2017), avec qui elle termine septième ;
 du comédien Clément Rémiens (saison 9, automne 2018), avec qui elle gagne la compétition ;
 du comédien Azize Diabaté Abdoulaye (saison 10, automne 2019), avec qui elle termine quatrième.

Elle est à ce jour la danseuse la plus titrée de l'émission française, ex-aequo avec Fauve Hautot. Elles cumulent toutes deux huit victoires.

En 2021, il lui est proposé d'intégrer le jury de l'émission. Elle accepte et devient jurée aux côtés de Chris Marques, François Alu et Jean-Paul Gaultier.

Fin , Denitsa Ikonomova annonce qu'elle ne prendra pas part à la saison 12 diffusée à la rentrée. Elle fait ainsi ses adieux au programme, en même temps que Christian Millette et Maxime Dereymez, dans le cadre d'un renouvellement important des danseurs professionnels.

Le , Denitsa Ikonomova retrouve Shy'm, Maxime Dereymez, Katrina Patchett, Alizée et Grégoire Lyonnet le temps d'une soirée de gala caritative le plateau de Danse avec les Stars mettant à l'honneur la Robe, pièce phare de la marque de prêt-à-porter Naf Naf. Un événement au profit de l'association Elise Care qui œuvre pour les victimes de guerre.

Autres activités

Tournées
Depuis 2013, Denitsa Ikonomova fait partie de la troupe D'pendanse, une troupe de danseurs qui est composée de certains danseurs professionnels de Danse avec les stars (mais qui accueille occasionnellement d'autres personnalités telles que Brahim Zaibat, Tonya Kinzinger ou encore Rayane Bensetti), qui organise des tournées de plusieurs dates et qui se produit lors de divers événements, comme celui du concert des Pièces jaunes en 2015 ou encore à l'occasion de l'émission Tout le monde contre le cancer, diffusée sur W9 en décembre 2016 aux côtés de Kungs.

Après une pause en 2017, malgré quelques apparitions sur certaines dates pour l'anniversaire de Laurent Maistret (son partenaire de la saison 7), ainsi que pour la rediffusion à la télévision d'un show de la tournée où elle retrouve trois de ses anciens partenaires (Laurent Ournac, Loïc Nottet et Laurent Maistret), elle poursuit son engagement lors des années suivantes.

Télévision
En 2014, elle remporte un Lauriers TV Awards en compagnie de Rayane Bensetti pour leur duo dans la saison 5 de Danse avec les stars.

À l'occasion du nouvel an, Denitsa Ikonomova est invitée dans l'émission d'Arthur, tout est permis, pour l'épreuve du Brain Dance avec Marc-Emmanuel Dufour, puis pour une démo de jive avec Maxime Dereymez. Elle apparaitra plusieurs fois dans l'émission les années suivantes.

En 2015, en plus des dates de la tournée D'pendanse, elle donne des cours de danse pour Dance Concept Event dont elle est la marraine, aux côtés de Yann-Alrick Mortreuil, accompagnée parfois de Rayane Bensetti et de Laurent Maistret. Denitsa Ikonomova propose également chaque année de nombreux stages de danse à travers la France.

En avril 2015, elle participe au  épisode de Tous ensemble de Marc-Emmanuel Dufour aux côtés de Jean-Marc Généreux, Rayane Bensetti et Christian Millette, un numéro anniversaire qui s'est déroulé en Corse et dans lequel les membres de l'émission de Danse avec les stars organisent un spectacle au théâtre de Bastia afin de financer les travaux de la maison.

En 2015, elle participe au jeu télévisé Fort Boyard sur France 2, en compagnie de Christian Millette, Rayane Bensetti, Waly Dia, Luce et Sophie Jovillard.

En avril 2017, .

En décembre 2018, elle participe à l'émission Les Touristes : Mission Haute Montagne d'Arthur sur TF1, aux côtés de Shy'm, Cartman, Baptiste Giabiconi, Artus et Jarry.

Elle participe aussi en 2018 à l'émission Baby-sitter : star incognito sur Gulli où elle joue le rôle d'une nounou gothique.

En février 2019, elle fait partie du jury pour l'élection de Miss Isère, aux côtés de Christian Millette et de Vaimalama Chaves (Miss France 2019).

En 2020, elle participe à la première émission de la saison 1 de District Z. Elle prend part également à la saison 1 de The Voice Kids Belgique en tant que coach invitée. Elle est aussi invitée lors d'un épisode de Je t'aime, etc. sur France 2.

En 2021, elle est au casting Marble Mania, un concours de billes. En fin d'année, elle apparaît dans l'émission La chanson secrète où elle chante pour son ami Keen'V.

Elle prend part à la saison 3 de l'émission Mask Singer diffusée en 2022. Sous le costume du Papillon, elle remporte la compétition.

En , elle participe à l'émission de télévision La Photo parfaite sur M6.

 Comédienne et chorégraphe
Parallèlement à la danse, Denitsa Ikonomova mène aussi une petite carrière de comédienne. En 2011, elle obtient un petit rôle dans le film franco-canadien Funkytown, où elle incarne une danseuse de la discothèque Le Starlight (inspirée de la vraie discothèque le Lime Light). .

La même année, elle tourne, toujours en tant que danseuse, mais cette fois-ci aux côtés de son partenaire de danse Christian Millette, dans le clip-vidéo When We Fight de la chanteuse perse Mina. .

En 2013, , en compagnie d'autres danseurs de Danse avec les stars.

En mai 2015, le public la  de la chaîne, notamment Vincent Cerutti, Claire Chazal, Rayane Bensetti, Fauve Hautot, etc.

En octobre 2015, elle apparaît dans le clip J'ai piscine, de Keen'V et Rayane Bensetti.

En mars 2016, Denitsa Ikonomova est partie plusieurs semaines en Inde pour chorégraphier les danses du téléfilm Coup de foudre à Jaipur, une production TF1, dont Lucie Lucas est l'héroïne et dans laquelle Rayane Bensetti tient un des rôles principaux.

En 2018, elle est chorégraphe pour le film Tamara Vol.2. La même année, elle apparaît dans deux épisodes de la série Demain nous appartient où elle joue le rôle d'une professeure de danse.

En , elle s'occupe de chorégraphier les scènes de danse du téléfilm Coup de foudre en Andalousie. Elle fait de même pour le film Rumba la vie.

 Filmographie
 2018 : Demain nous appartient : professeur de danse de Chloé et Alex (épisodes 300 et 301)

 Vie privée
En novembre 2016, Denitsa Ikonomova officialise sa relation avec le comédien Rayane Bensetti, rencontré sur le plateau de Danse avec les stars'' en 2014, et dont elle était la partenaire de danse. Ensemble, ils ont remporté la cinquième saison du programme. Le couple se serait séparé en 2021.

Denitsa Ikonomova parle le bulgare, le français et l'anglais, ainsi qu'un peu le russe. Elle réside à Thuir dans les Pyrénées-Orientales.

Titres

Denitsa Ikonomova a durant sa carrière gagné diverses compétitions à travers l'Europe et l'Amérique du Nord.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en janvier 1987
Naissance à Kyoustendil
Danseuse bulgare
Chorégraphe canadien
Danseuse canadienne du XXIe siècle
Chorégraphe bulgare
Danse avec les stars (France)
Membre du jury de Danse avec les stars
Participant à Mask Singer (France)

Denitsa Ikonomova


Kvarnerski vez mjesečnik je za vjerski, kulturni i društveni život Krčke biskupije.

Povijest
Mjesečnik je u travnju 1997. godine pokrenuo Anton Šuljić koji mu je bio i prvim urednikom. Nakon njega list su uređivali Jerko Valković, Anton Valković i Zvonimir Badurina Dudić.

Sadržaj
Kvarnerski Vez izvješćuje o događajima iz župa Krčke biskupije. Također objavljuje osvrte i zapažanja na aktualna društvena zbivanja i tekstove biblijske, povijesne i obiteljske tematike.

Dio sadržaja dostupan je u digitalnom obliku na mrežnim stranicama Krčke biskupije.

Izvori
Bilješke i literatura
 Kvarnerski vez, Biskupija Krk, biskupijakrk.hr, pristupljeno 5. prosinca 2017.
 100. broj "Kvarnerskog veza", IKA, www.ika.hr, objavljeno 26. ssrpnja 2005.,  pristupljeno 5. prosinca 2017.

Vanjske poveznice
Mrežna mjesta
 Kvarnerski vez na mrežnim stranicama Krčke biskupije

Hrvatski katolički tisak
Hrvatski mjesečnici

Kvarnerski vez


محمود الشريف (2 سبتمبر 1912 - 29 يوليو 1990)، ملحن مصري. تزوج لفترة قصيرة من المطربة أم كلثوم رغم أنها لم تغن من ألحانه أي أغنية.

أهم أعماله
كارم محمود: على شط بحر الهوى
محمد قنديل: ثلاث سلامات
شهرزاد: احب اسمك
شفيق جلال: لما رمتنا العين
 محمد عبد المطلب: «رمضان جانا»، وهي الأغنية التي يتم بها استقبال شهر رمضان، و«بياع الهوى راح فين».
 شادية:«حبينا بعضنا»، و«شبكت قلبي».
 عبد الحليم حافظ: «يا سيدي أمرك»، و«حلو وكداب».
 نجاة الصغيرة: «أوصفولي الحب» وهي أول أغانيها.
 أحلام: «يا عطارين دلوني».
 صباح: "شـمس وقمرين"من فيلم توبه".
 وردة الجزائرية: «على بختنا».

إضافة إلى تلحينه الأغنية الشهيرة (حبيبي هو) من كلمات بيرم التونسي وأداها العديد من المطربين أبرزهم صالح عبد الحي وميادة الحناوي، كما قام بتلحين نشيد الله أكبر الذي ظهر عام 1956 أثناء حرب 1956، ثم تم اعتماده في ليبيا نشيداً وطنياً حتى عام 2011.

مصادر
 محمد قابيل، «موسوعة الغناء المصري في القرن العشرين»، الهيئة المصرية العامة للكتاب، 1999.
 مجدي العمروسي، «كراسة الحب والوطنية: السجل الكامل لكل ما غناه العندليب الأسمر عبد الحليم حافظ»، صوت الفن، 1998.

ملاحظات

أشخاص من الإسكندرية
ملحنون مصريون
مواليد 1330 هـ
مواليد 1912
وفيات 1411 هـ
وفيات 1990

محمود الشريف (ملحن)


An Gymnadenia widderi in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Herwig Teppner ngan Erich Klein, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Herwig Teppner och Erich Klein. An Gymnadenia widderi in nahilalakip ha genus nga Gymnadenia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Ginklasipika han IUCN an species komo nangangarat-an. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Gymnadenia

Gymnadenia widderi


A mansion is a large dwelling house. The word itself derives through Old French from the Latin word mansio "dwelling", an abstract noun derived from the verb manere "to dwell". The English word manse originally defined a property large enough for the parish priest to maintain himself, but a mansion is no longer self-sustaining in this way (compare a Roman or medieval villa). Manor comes from the same root—territorial holdings granted to a lord who would "remain" there.
Following the fall of Rome, the practice of building unfortified villas ceased. Today, the oldest inhabited mansions around the world usually began their existence as fortified houses in the Middle Ages. As social conditions slowly changed and stabilised fortifications were able to be reduced, and over the centuries gave way to comfort. It became fashionable and possible for homes to be beautiful rather than grim and forbidding allowing for the development of the modern mansion.

In British English, a mansion block refers to a block of flats or apartments designed for the appearance of grandeur. In many parts of Asia, including Hong Kong and Japan, the word mansion also refers to a block of apartments. In modern Japan, a "manshon" (), stemming from the English word "mansion", is used to refer to a multi-unit apartment complex or condominium.

15th-18th-century development
In Europe, from the 15th century onwards, a combination of politics and advances in weaponry negated the need for the aristocracy to live in fortified castles. As a result, many were transformed into mansions without defences or demolished and rebuilt in a more modern, undefended style. Due to intermarriage and primogeniture inheritance amongst the aristocracy, it became common for one noble to often own several country houses. These would be visited rotationally throughout the year as their owner pursued the social and sporting circuit from country home to country home. Many owners of a country house would also own a town mansion in their country's capital city. These town mansions were referred to as 'houses' in London, 'hôtels particuliers' in Paris, and 'palaces' in most European cities elsewhere. It might be noted that sometimes the house of a clergyman was called a "mansion house" (e.g., by the Revd. James Blair, Commissary in Virginia for the Bishop of London, 1689–1745, a term related to the word "manse" commonly used in the Church of Scotland and in Non-Conformist churches. H.G. Herklots, The Church of England and the American Episcopal Church).

As the 16th century progressed and the Renaissance style slowly spread across Europe, the last vestiges of castle architecture and life changed; the central points of these great houses became redundant as owners wished to live separately from their servants, and no longer ate with them in a Great hall. All evidence and odours of cooking and staff were banished from the principal parts of the house into distant wings, while the owners began to live in airy rooms, above the ground floor, with privacy from their servants, who were now confined, unless required, to their specifically delegated areas—often the ground and uppermost attic floors. This was a period of great social change, as the educated prided themselves on enlightenment.

The uses of these edifices paralleled that of the Roman villas. It was vital for powerful people and families to keep in social contact with each other as they were the primary moulders of society. The rounds of visits and entertainments were an essential part of the societal process, as painted in the novels of Jane Austen. State business was often discussed and determined in informal settings. Times of revolution reversed this value. During July/August 1789, a significant number of French country mansions (chateaux) were destroyed by the rural population as part of the Great Fear—a symbolic rejection of the feudal rights and restraints in effect under the Ancien Régime.

Until World War I it was not unusual for a moderately sized mansion in England such as Cliveden to have an indoor staff of 20 and an outside staff of the same size, and in ducal mansions such as Chatsworth House the numbers could be far higher. In the great houses of Italy, the number of retainers was often even greater than in England; whole families plus extended relations would often inhabit warrens of rooms in basements and attics. Most European mansions were also the hub of vast estates.

19th-century development

The 19th century saw the continuation of the building of mansions in the United States and Europe. Built by self-made men, these were often smaller than those built by the old European aristocracy. These new builders of mansions did not confine themselves to just the then-fashionable Gothic tastes in architecture, but also experimented with 19th-century versions of older Renaissance and Tudoresque styles; The Breakers in Rhode Island is a fine example of American Renaissance revivalism.

During the 19th century, like the major thoroughfares of all important cities, Fifth Avenue in New York City, was lined with mansions. Many of these were designed by the leading architects of the day, often in European Gothic Revival style, and were built by families who were making their fortunes, and thus achieving their social aspirations. However, nearly all of these have now been demolished, thus depriving New York of a boulevard to rival, in the architectural sense, those in Paris, London or Rome—where the many large mansions and palazzi built or remodeled during this era still survive. Mansions built in the countryside were not spared either. One of the most spectacular estates of the U.S., Whitemarsh Hall, was demolished in 1980, along with its extensive gardens, to make way for suburban developments.

Grand Federal style mansions designed by Samuel McIntire inhabit an area that, in 2012, is the largest collection of 17th- and 18th-century structures in the United States of America. This district in Salem, Massachusetts, is called the McIntire Historic District with the center being Chestnut Street. McIntire's training came from his father and from books. He and his brothers, Joseph and Angler, began their careers as housewrights and carpenters while in their teens but, early on, Samuel's work caught the eye of Salem's pre-eminent merchant, Elias Hasket Derby. Over the next quarter century, McIntire built or remodelled a number of homes for Derby and members of his extended family. McIntire also worked occasionally on Derby's vessels, and was not averse to fixing a wagon or building a birdhouse if his patron so desired. Hamilton Hall is a National Historic Landmark at 9 Chestnut Street in Salem, Massachusetts. Hamilton Hall was built in 1805 by Samuel McIntire and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. "King" Derby's stamp of approval opened many other doors for McIntire, who went on to design and build mansions for John Gardner, Jerethmiel Peirce, Simon Forrester, and other wealthy Salem shipowners. He also built, on elegant Chestnut Street, a function hall (named for Alexander Hamilton) and church for the town's merchant class. McIntire also designed the former Salem Court House and Registry of Deeds.

After 1793, Samuel McIntire worked exclusively in the architectural style developed by Robert Adam in Great Britain and brought to America by the great Boston architect, Charles Bulfinch. The delicate Adam style, which emphasized decorative elements and ornamentation, was tailor-made for McIntire, whose unerring sense of design and proportion was exceeded only by his skill as a woodcarver. Carved swags, rosettes, garlands, and his signature sheaths of wheat dominate wood surfaces in McIntire homes built between 1793 and his death in 1811.

Even in Europe, some 19th-century mansions were often built as replicas of older houses, the Château de Ferrières in France was inspired by Mentmore Towers, which in turn is a copy of Wollaton Hall. Other mansions were built in the new and innovative styles of the new era such as the arts and crafts style: The Breakers is a pastiche of an Italian Renaissance palazzo; Waddesdon Manor in Buckinghamshire is a faithful mixture of various French châteaux. One of the most enduring and most frequently copied styles for a mansion is the Palladian – particularly so in the 18th century. However, the Gothic style was probably the most popular choice of design in the 19th century. The most bizarre example of this was probably Fonthill Abbey which actually set out to imitate the mansions which had truly evolved from medieval Gothic abbeys following the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 16th century.

Mansions built during and after the 19th century were seldom supported by the large estates of their predecessors. These new mansions were often built as the week-end retreats of businessmen who commuted to their offices by the new railways, which enabled them to leave the city more easily.

Latin America

In Latin America, the grand rural estate, the Hacienda, Estancia, in Portuguese speaking Brazil Fazenda or Estância, with the mansion as its stately center, is a characteristic feature.

Mansions tended to follow European architectural styles. Whereas until the second half of the 19th century, Portugal and Spain as the colonial (or former colonial) powers were the eminent models for architecture and upper-class lifestyle, towards the end of the 19th century they were sometimes replaced by then more dominant powers like France or England.

In comparably developed, densely populated countries like Mexico, feudal estates and their mansions were as grand and stately as in the Mediterranean old world, whereas where estates were founded in the sparsely populated remote areas like the Pampa of Argentina or Uruguay, where iron pillars, doors, windows, and furniture had to be brought from Europe by ship and afterwards ox cart, buildings were smaller, but normally still aspiring to evoke a stately impression, often featuring, like their earlier Italian counterparts, a morador.

In Venezuela, the traditional Spanish mansions with a garden in the center of the property are usually referred as "Quinta".

Size
Some realtors in the US term mansions as houses that have a minimum of  of floor space. Others claim a viable minimum could instead be  of floor space, especially in a city environment.

See also

 McMansion
 Townhouse
 Palace
 Pazo
 Ansitz
 List of Gilded Age mansions
 List of largest houses in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
 List of largest houses in the United States
 Mansion tax
 Mansionization

References

External links

 Historic Mansions and Estates in Latin America
 Estonian Manors Portal the English version introduces 438 well-preserved historical manors (mansions, estates) in Estonia

House types
Luxury real estate

he:אחוזה
mk:Велепоседничка куќа
sl:Dvor
sv:Herrgård

Mansion


Otto Didrik lensgreve Schack (født 11. januar 1882 på Schackenborg, død 28. januar 1949 sammesteds) var en dansk lensbesidder og amtmand, bror til Christian Schack og Erik H. Schack.

Indsats for et dansk Sønderjylland
Han var søn af Hans greve Schack og hustru Henny Louise Vilhelmine født komtesse Lerche og arvede i 1905 Grevskabet Schackenborg og det Seekamp'ske Fideikommis, som i 1924 blev afløst efter at være blevet indlemmet i Danmark ved genforeningen i 1920.

Schack blev i 1902 student fra gymnasiet Katharineum i Lübeck og var fra 1905 til 1921 et af to danske medlemmer af Tønder Kredsdag. Først sent blev Schack, som var vokset op i et hjem med helstatsværdier, bl.a. under indflydelse af hans sjællandske mors nationale sympatier, politisk vakt, og da den nationale kamp om jorden i Sønderjylland blussede op i årene op til 1. verdenskrig, begyndte Schack at kaste sin energi på denne sag. I 1912 blev kampen om jordens ejerskab skærpet fra tysk side, og som modsvar oprettede de dansksindede i 1913 foreningen Landeværnet for systematisk at kunne fastholde danskejet jord på dansksindedes hænder. Schack blev sekretær og kasserer for foreningen og blev 1914 medlem af vælgerforeningens tilsynsråd, der var de dansksindede sønderjyders primære politiske talerør. Da 1. verdenskrig brød ud 1914, blev Schack sammen med ca. 300 andre dansksindede arresteret og interneret i Flensborg. Men i modsætning til resten af gruppen, som blev sat på fri fod efter en måneds tid, blev Schack tilbageholdt til den 1. december 1914 under mistanke for landsforræderi.

Schack var fra 1919 til 1920 medlem af Tønder Kredsudvalg og af Provinslanddagen og 1919-20 formand for Nordslesvigsk Vælgerforening. Da spørgsmålet om afstemning i den 3. zone og om Flensborg splittede Vælgerforeningens tilsynsråd, undlod Schack at vælge side. Derfor måtte han i 1919 nedlægge sit mandat. Den gruppe, som ønskede Flensborg under dansk herredømme, forlod tilsynsrådet i protest, og i august 1919 valgte den tilbageværende gruppe Schack som formand. Forinden havde Schack dog sikret sig mandat til at kunne forhandle også med de udtrådte medlemmer. Fraktionerne blev ikke enige, men møderne kunne nu fortsætte, og genforeningen virkeliggøres. Ved festen på Dybbøl 11. juli 1920 var det Schack, som bød kong Christian X velkommen som ny landsherre.

Landråd og amtmand
Allerede under krigen havde Schack gradvist fået et bedre forhold til de tysksindede medlemmer af kredsrådet og desuden en udmærket relation til den preussiske landråd, og i januar 1920 blev Schack derfor indsat af den internationale kommission som landråd over hele Tønder-kredsen. Vel vidende at hans distrikt bestod af både tysk- og dansksindede sørgede han for, at ro og orden blev opretholdt, og at begge nationaliteter kunne komme til deres ret ved afstemningen.

Da grænsen mellem Danmark og Tyskland var blevet fastlagt, blev Schack 1. maj 1920 konstitueret som amtmand over Tønder Amt, i hvilket embede han 1. november samme år fik officiel udnævnelse. Han var amtmand til sin død i 1949 og virkede for at afspænde relationerne mellem danske og tyske.

Tillidshverv og hæder
Foran Amtmandspalæet i Tønder står et mindesmærke til minde for grev Schack, rejst i 1954. Inskriptionen lyder: "Lensgreve O. D. Schack til Schackenborg. / Amtmand over Tønder amt 1920-1949. / Frisind og retsind præged hans færd / Grænselandsfolket vil mindes hans værd / Nu og til sene tider."

I 1908 blev han udnævnt til dansk hofjægermester og i 1934 til kammerherre. Han blev Kommandør af 2. grad af Dannebrogordenen 11. juli 1920, Dannebrogsmand i 1930 og Kommandør af 1. grad 1943. Han bar også Kommandørkorset af Æreslegionen. Han var medlem af repræsentantskaberne for Nationalbanken fra 1920, for Hedeselskabet fra 1923, Nordisk Livsforsikrings-Aktieselskab og Nordisk Ulykkesforsikrings-Aktieselskab fra 1924 og formand for Tønder Landmandsbanks repræsentantskab fra 1927.

Familieforhold
Han blev gift 15. november 1923 i Vedbæk Kirke med en fjern slægtning, Karin Maria Bertha Josephine von Schack (født 27. november 1889 i St. Goar, død 22. november 1960 i Tønder), datter af greve Christoph Ulrich Rudolf Gustav von Schack-Zülow (1853-1923) og Anna Maria Gertrud Schmitz (1855-1938).

Sønnen Hans greve Schack overtog grevskabet. En datter, Karin Birgitte Schack, blev hofdame.

Kilder

 Danmarks Adels Aarbog 1932

Personer i Dansk Biografisk Leksikon
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog (afdøde)
Otto Didrik 5
Lensgrever fra Danmark
Godsejere fra Danmark
Danskere i 1800-tallet
Kammerherrer fra Danmark
Hofjægermestre fra Danmark
Kommandører af 1. grad af Dannebrog
Personer fra Sønderjylland (i Danmark)
Amtmænd fra Danmark
Kommandører af Æreslegionen

Otto Didrik Schack (1882-1949)


In baseball and softball, a relief pitcher or reliever is a pitcher who pitches in the game after the starting pitcher has been removed because of fatigue, ineffectiveness, injury, or ejection, or for other strategic reasons, such as inclement weather delays or pinch hitter substitutions. Relief pitchers are further divided informally into various roles, such as closers, setup men, middle relief pitchers, left/right-handed specialists, and long relievers. Whereas starting pitchers usually throw so many pitches in a single game that they must rest several days before pitching in another, relief pitchers are expected to be more flexible and typically pitch in more games with a shorter time period between pitching appearances but with fewer innings pitched per appearance. A team's staff of relievers is normally referred to metonymically as a team's bullpen, which refers to the area where the relievers sit during games, and where they warm-up prior to entering the game.

History

Pre-bullpen
In the early days of Major League Baseball (MLB), substituting a player was not allowed except for sickness or injury. An ineffective pitcher would switch positions with another player on the field. The first relief appearance in the major leagues was in 1876 with Boston Red Caps outfielder Jack Manning switching positions with pitcher Joe Borden. In this early era, relief pitchers changing from a position role to the pitcher's box in this way were often called "change" pitchers. This strategy of switching players between the mound and the outfield is still occasionally employed in modern baseball, sometimes in long extra inning games where a team is running out of players.  In 1889, the first bullpen appearance occurred after rules were changed to allow a player substitution at any time. Early relief pitchers were normally starting pitchers pitching one or two innings in between starts. In 1903, during the second game of the inaugural World Series, Pittsburgh's Bucky Veil became the first relief pitcher in World Series history.

Early modern relievers/"firemen"

Firpo Marberry is credited with being the first prominent reliever.  From 1923 to 1935, he pitched in 551 games, 364 of which were in relief. Baseball historian Bill James wrote that Marberry was "a modern reliever—a hard throwing young kid who worked strictly in relief, worked often, and was used to nail down victories". Another reliever, Johnny Murphy, became known as "Fireman" for his effectiveness when inserted into difficult situations ("put out fires") in relief.

Nonetheless, the full-time reliever who was entrusted with important situations was more the exception than the rule at this point.  Often, a team's ace starting pitcher was used in between his starts to "close" games.  Later research would reveal that Lefty Grove would have been in his league's top three in saves in four different seasons, had that stat been invented at the time.

Gradually after World War II, full-time relievers became more acceptable and standard. The relievers were usually pitchers that were not good enough to be starters. Relievers in the 1950s started to develop oddball pitches to distinguish them from starters. For example, Hoyt Wilhelm threw a knuckleball, and Elroy Face threw a forkball.

In 1969, the pitcher's mound was lowered and umpires were encouraged to call fewer strikes to give batters an advantage. Relief specialists were used to counter the increase in offense.

Closer era

Relievers became more respected in the 1970s, and their pay increased due to free agency. All teams began having a closer. The 1980s were the first time in MLB that the number of saves outnumbered complete games. In 1995, there were nearly four saves for every complete game. It is unclear whether the specialization and reliance on relief pitchers led to pitch counts and fewer complete games, or whether pitch counts led to greater use of relievers.

As closers were reduced to one-inning specialists, setup men and middle relievers became more prominent.

In past decades, the relief pitcher was merely an ex-starter who came into a game upon the injury, ineffectiveness, or fatigue of the starting pitcher. The bullpen was for old starters who had lost the ability to throw effectively. Many of these pitchers would be able to flourish in this diminished role. Those such as Dennis Eckersley, as with many others, actually prolonged their tapering careers and often sparked them to new life. The added rest to their arms as well as the lessened exposure of their abilities became an advantage many would learn to capitalize on. Because these pitchers only faced some batters once a season, the opposing side would have greater difficulty preparing to face relief pitchers.

Recently, being a relief pitcher has become more of a career, rather than a reduced position. Many of today's top prospects are considered mainly for their relief pitching skills. In the quest for a managerial edge, managers as time goes on have carried more pitchers in the bullpen, and used them in more specialized situations.  Acknowledgment of the platoon edge has prompted managers to ensure that opposing lefty hitters face as many lefty pitchers as possible, and that the same occur with respect to righty hitters and pitchers.  Tony La Russa was particularly well known for making frequent pitching changes on this basis.

When Mike Marshall set the all-time record with 106 games pitched in 1974, he threw 208.1 innings.  Currently, although some relievers still do appear in a large number of games per season, the workload for each individual pitcher has been much reduced.  Since 2008, Pedro Feliciano has three of the top four seasons in games pitched, with 92, 88 and 86.  However, Feliciano only averaged 58 innings pitched during those seasons. The last pitcher to throw 100 or more innings in a season without starting a game was Scott Proctor in 2006.

From the mid-2010s onward, MLB teams have given relievers an increasing number of innings at the expense of starters, due to the baseball game moving towards higher variance, and a flexible bullpen does give the manager more options of defending against high risk offensive strategies. In response, some teams have allocated funds and made trades to create a "super bullpen", nonetheless this is no guarantee of success since the performance of relief pitchers has been shown to fluctuate much more wildly than starting pitchers. For instance the 2016 and 2017 Cleveland Indians had the strongest bullpen in the league, however their bullpen in 2018 struggled and the Indians won their division thanks to the strength of their starting rotation. Similarly the 2019 Washington Nationals won the 2019 World Series in spite of their relief pitching staff having the worst ERA (5.66) that season.

Current relief roles
Pitching staffs on MLB teams have grown from 9 or 10 to as many as 12 or 13 pitchers, due to the increased importance of relief pitching. The staff generally consists of five starting pitchers, with the remaining pitchers assigned as relievers. A team's relief staff usually contains a closer who generally pitches the ninth inning, a setup pitcher who generally pitches the eighth, and a left-handed specialist whose job is to retire left-handed batters. The rest of the bullpen then consists of middle relievers who are used in the remaining situations, and perhaps additional left-handed or right-handed specialists.

The closer is usually the best relief pitcher, followed by the setup man. Players typically get promoted into later-inning roles as they succeed. Relievers were previously more multipurpose before becoming one-inning specialists.

The setup man and closer will normally only be used to preserve a lead, although they may enter to maintain a close game (where the score is tied or if their team is trailing by only a few runs) particularly in the playoffs. If the team is significantly behind going into the eighth or ninth inning and a relief pitcher is required, usually a middle reliever or two will be chosen to soak up innings, while the setup man and closer are saved for the next time they are needed to preserve a win. The proper use of the bullpen is to avoid using an effective reliever on a low-leverage situation, instead saving them as "fireman" for high-leverage situations (such as bases-loaded, no-outs).

In 2018, some MLB teams began experimenting with an opener – a pitcher who is normally a reliever that starts the game for an inning or two before yielding to someone who would normally be a starter. Sometimes the manager replaces an opener with a series of other relievers who would only pitch one or two innings in a game, usually due to injury or fatigue affecting the team's starters or other strategical reasons; this approach became known as a bullpen game. One advantage of this approach is that the opener, who is often a hard-throwing specialist, can be called in to face the most dangerous hitters, who are usually near the top of the batting order, the first time they come to bat. Although the opener has only been formally regarded as a relief role in 2018, managers have sporadically used a reliever before a starter. A good example is Game 6 of the 1990 National League Championship Series when Pittsburgh Pirates manager Jim Leyland started a set-up man, Ted Power, in order to keep the Cincinnati Reds from employing their successful platoon (Power pitched  innings prior to giving way to lefty starter Zane Smith in the third inning) and the strategy worked in holding the Reds to only two runs; to deceive his opponents Leyland had announced the Game 6 starter at a press conference so that the Reds would set their batting order around Smith.

Starting pitchers as relievers
Between their scheduled starts in the rotation, a starting pitcher can be used on short rest for the bullpen. They are sometimes used as relievers when the stakes are higher, such as a game that could decide the division title or an elimination (winner-take all) playoff game. Currently, starters are typically used in relief situations either early in the postseason prior to their scheduled rotation start, or late in the postseason after their last scheduled start (often with "the ultimatum of a series clincher"). However, the 2018 Boston Red Sox under Alex Cora managed their pitching rotation such that a starter was readily available in the bullpen every playoff game.

Regarded as a "almost universal truth in baseball", "almost every starting pitcher would be better in relief". However, a starter may not necessarily be best used as a "fireman" (to stop a rally) since "the conventional wisdom is that it's unwise to bring a starter in for a relief appearance with men already on base; starting pitchers take longer to warm up than relievers and tend to be most comfortable when coming in at the start of an inning with the bases empty".

A good example of starters in relief was in the deciding Game 6 of the 2010 NLCS, where the San Francisco Giants bullpen utilized two starters as well as three regular relievers to get seven scoreless innings. In Game 6 of the 2010 ALCS, manager Joe Girardi was criticized for "managing by formula" in not calling upon ace CC Sabathia and instead going to reliever David Robertson who surrendered several runs that put the game out of reach for the New York Yankees.

Starter Madison Bumgarner recorded the longest save in World Series history, pitching five scoreless innings of relief in a Game 7 3–2 victory of the 2014 edition. In the 2018 World Series, starter Nathan Eovaldi, originally slated to pitch Game 4, was inserted in relief during Game 3 which turned into an 18-inning marathon. In making World Series history, he became the first reliever to throw at least six innings after Rick Rhoden did so in 1977, while Eovaldi's 97 pitches set the record for the most by a reliever (and also 36 more pitches than Rick Porcello who had started that game).

In the clinching Games of the 2018 NLCS and 2018 World Series, respectively, aces Clayton Kershaw (for Kenley Jansen) and Chris Sale (for Craig Kimbrel, indeed the other pitcher warming up besides Sale was another starter, Nathan Eovaldi) pitched the ninth-inning in lieu of their team's regular closer. Neither relief entrance was a high pressure situation as their teams were already leading 5-1 entering the 9th; but it gave Sale the opportunity to get the final outs of the series (Sale also got the first outs of the series when he started the opener).

Position players as relievers

In games where a blowout is occurring, position players (non-pitchers) may be substituted in to pitch to save the bullpen for the next game. However, this is a rare occurrence as position players are not truly trained as pitchers, and tend to throw with less velocity and/or accuracy. There is also the increased risk of injury, such as Jose Canseco who suffered a season-ending arm injury after pitching two innings in a 1993 game. For these reasons, managers will typically only use a position player as a pitcher in a blowout loss, or in order to avoid a forfeit once they have run out of available pitchers. Typically, the position player also pitched at the high school or collegiate level, as smaller roster sizes at amateur levels forced some position players to pitch, with some were recruited in college also as pitchers, as starters or relievers. Mitch Moreland (Mississippi State), Ryan Rua (Lake Erie College), and J. D. Davis, (Cal State Fullerton) all played as both position players and pitchers in their collegiate careers, with Rua and Davis both being closers for their college teams.

Cliff Pennington became the first position player in Major League Baseball history to pitch in a postseason game, which was during Game 4 of the 2015 American League Championship Series. The second position player to pitch in the playoffs was Austin Romine during Game 3 of the 2018 American League Division Series.

Starting in , MLB position players are allowed to pitch in a game under the following conditions:
The leading team can only use a position player in this role in the ninth inning, and with a lead of at least 10 runs.
A team behind by eight or more runs can use a position player to pitch at any time in the game.
The use of position players as pitchers in extra innings is unrestricted.

Awards given to relievers

The Major League Baseball Reliever of the Year Award and The Sporting News Reliever of the Year Award are annually voted on and presented to relievers, with the former being split by league into the "Trevor Hoffman NL Reliever of the Year Award" and the "Mariano Rivera AL Reliever of the Year Award". The now defunct Rolaids Relief Man of the Year Award was determined by a statistical formula.

Compared to starting pitchers, most relievers (with the except of closers with large save totals) receive few awards and honors. Historically, setup men were rarely selected to MLB All-Star Games, with the relievers selected usually being closers. A setup man has never won the Cy Young Award or the Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award; the highest placements in these respective awards have been achieved by Rivera, who finished third in the voting for the American League (AL) Cy Young Award and twelfth for the AL MVP in 1996, and for the next season he was promoted to closer. Middle reliever Andrew Miller became the first relief pitcher other than a closer to win a League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award when he was voted the 2016 ALCS MVP.

Setup pitchers typically make less than the MLB average salary. Relief pitchers further down the line may be journeymen as their individual performances may vary greatly (often specialised to pitch against certain types of batters, such as to right-handed batters only or left-handed batters only), even though their team's relief pitching staff as a whole is overall effective.

The rising importance placed on relief pitchers is evident in the rising star power of the closer. It has gotten to the point where closers are among the biggest stars in the game, with status and salaries on par with starting pitchers. When closers play at home, and when they are called into the game to preserve a lead for the crucial last inning or those last couple of outs, many of them trot in from the bullpen to the pitchers mound accompanied by a theme song of their choice. For many years with the Yankees, Rivera entered the game accompanied by Metallica's "Enter Sandman" booming over Yankee Stadium's sound system. When Jonathan Papelbon was with the Red Sox, his entry song was the Dropkick Murphys' "I'm Shipping Up to Boston", and Hoffman entered to the tune of AC/DC's "Hells Bells".

Eight pitchers are currently in the Baseball Hall of Fame chiefly for their accomplishments as relief pitchers: Goose Gossage, Hoyt Wilhelm, Rollie Fingers, Bruce Sutter, Dennis Eckersley, Lee Smith, Hoffman, and Rivera. Eckersley, who was considered the first modern closer pitching exclusively in ninth inning situations, also had a significant career as a starting pitcher and even threw a no-hitter in 1977. Another pitcher entering the Hall in , John Smoltz, was primarily a starter, but spent four seasons as a reliever.

Jim Konstanty in 1950 was the first reliever to win the MLB MVP Award after a then-record 74 games, 16–7 record, 22 saves, and a 2.66 ERA. Mike Marshall in 1974 was the first reliever to win the Cy Young Award after a record 106 games, 15–12 record, 21 saves, and 208 innings pitched. In 1992, Eckersley was the first modern closer (first player to be used almost exclusively in ninth inning situations) to win the Cy Young, and since then only one other relief pitcher has won the Cy Young, Éric Gagné in 2003 (also a closer). Three relief pitchers have won both the MVP and Cy Young Awards in a single season; Fingers in 1981, Willie Hernández in 1984, and Eckersley in 1992.

See also

300 save club
Hold
This Year in Baseball Awards (including Starting Pitcher, Setup Pitcher, and Closer)

Notes

External links
Examining the Relief of Relieving, by Steve Treder; July 04, 2006 at hardballtimes.com.

Baseball pitching
Baseball strategy

Relief pitcher


--, a string of two hyphen-minus characters, may approximate or refer to:

 En dash (–)
 Em dash (—), as a typewriter approximation
 Sig dashes (--), the email and Usenet signature delimiter
 For Unix commands,  used as a prefix for command options. By itself, it typically means the end of command options.
 The decrement operator in some programming languages
 Inline comments in some programming languages

See also

 Double hyphen (one above the other)
 - (disambiguation)
 HTML comment tag, <!-- and -->
 Horizontal rule, which is represented by ---- in MediaWiki markup


An Anthurium laciniosum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Luis Aloysius, Luigi Sodiro. An Anthurium laciniosum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Anthurium, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Anthurium

Anthurium laciniosum


Ece Ayhan Çağlar (10 Eylül 1931, Datça - 12 Temmuz 2002, İzmir), Türk şair, etikçi. İkinci Yeni şiir akımının öncülerindendir.

İlk yıllar ve gençliği
Tam adı Ece Ayhan Çağlar'dır. Babasının mal müdürlüğü göreviyle bulunduğu Datça'da, ailenin ikinci çocuğu olarak dünyaya geldi. Babası Behzat Çağlar, Geliboluludur. Annesi Ayşe Hanım'ın baba tarafı Gelibolu'nun Kavak köyünden göçerek Eceabat'ın Yalova köyüne yerleşmiştir. Behzat Bey'in babası ağır ceza mahkemesi başkâtipliği, dedesi de Gelibolu müftülüğü görevlerinde bulunmuşlardır. Ayşe Hanım'ın babası Hafız İbrahim Deniz, yarı çiftçilik, yarı tüccarlıkla uğraşmış, Eceabat'a bağlı Sivli Köyü halkının imam istemesi üzerine, atandığı bu köyde imamlık yapmıştır.

1932'de Küre'ye mal müdürü olarak atanan Behzat Bey, 1933'e kadar sürdürdüğü bu görevinden istifa edip Çanakkale'ye yerleşmiş ve bir avukatın yanında arzuhalcilik yaparak ailesini geçindirmeye çalışmıştır. Ece Ayhan, ilkokula 1938'de Eceabat'ta başlar, ikinci sınıfı Çanakkale'nin İstiklâl İlkokulu'nda okur. Ailesinin 1940 Kasım'ında Çanakkale'den ayrılarak İstanbul'a yerleşmesi üzerine, üçüncü sınıfa Karagümrük / Atikkale'de bulunan 19. İlkokul'da [daha sonraki adı Hırka-i Şerif İlkokulu] devam eder ve ilk öğrenimini bu okulda tamamlar.

Orta okulu, Vefa Lisesi'nin karşısında bulunan Zeyrek Ortaokulu'nda; lise öğrenimini de Taksim Lisesi'nde [daha sonraki adlarıyla Beyoğlu Lisesi, İstanbul Atatürk Erkek Lisesi] tamamlar. Yüksek öğrenimine 1953'te Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi'nde başlar ve 1959'da mezun olur. Aynı yıl, İstanbul maiyet memurluğunda başladığı stajını ve kaymakamlık kursunu tamamlar. 1962'de Deniz Hafize Hanım ile evlenir ve kaymakam olarak atandığı Gürün'de göreve başlar. 1963'te Alaca'da (Çorum) kaymakamlık ve belediye başkanlığı görevlerine atanır; aynı yıl tek çocuğu olan Ege dünyaya gelir. 1964'te Tuzla Piyade Okulu'nda yedek subay öğrenci olarak başladığı askerlik hizmetini tamamlar ve 1965'te Çardak (Denizli) kaymakamlığına atanır.

Kariyeri
Disiplinli bir yaşam tarzı ve memurluk hayatı, edebiyat çevrelerinde bugün de "hırçın şair", "huysuz şair" olarak anılan Ece Ayhan'ın yaradılış özelliğiyle bağdaşmayacak olgulardır. Ece Ayhan, 1966'da devlet memurluğu görevinden ayrılarak "soluk alıp verdiğini gerçekten duyduğum tek kent" dediği İstanbul'a yerleşir.

Kısa aralıklarla birçok işe giren sanatçının İstanbul'da yaptığı başlıca işler arasında; Meydan Larousse ansiklopedisinde yazarlık, Sinematek'''te ve Yeni Sinema Dergisi'nde müdürlük, Genç Sinema Grubu'nda yöneticilik, Ağaoğlu Yayınevi'nde çok kısa bir süre redaktörlük sayılabilir. Kansere yakalanan eşi Deniz Hafize Hanım'ı 1968'de kaybeder. Ekonomik durumunun çok kötü olması ve yaşının küçüklüğü gibi nedenlerle oğlunun bakımını eşinin ebeveynine bırakır. "Sarışın ve Kara" isimli roman, Ece Ayhan Çağlar'ın kaymakamlık döneminde yaşadıklarının bir bölümüne büyüteç tutmaktadır. Pazar Postası'nda İdris Damsarsar gibi mahlaslar kullanmıştır.

 Hastalık dönemi
Ece Ayhan, 1974'ten ölümüne kadar, beynindeki tümörün yol açtığı birtakım hastalıkların sıkıntılarıyla yaşamıştır. Sağ kulağının ileri derecede işitme engeline ve sağ gözünde de hasara sebebiyet veren tümör, dünyaca ünlü beyin cerrahı Prof. Dr. Gazi Yaşargil'in ameliyatlarıyla ölümcül olmaktan çıkarılmıştır. Ancak, tümörün diğer organlarda meydana  getirdiği hasarlar, sanatçıya yaşamı boyunca sıkıntı vermiştir.

Büyük bir ekonomik sıkıntı içinde yaşayan sanatçı, Çanakkale Belediye Başkanlığının yardımlarını görür. Belediyenin geçici işçi kadrosuna alınarak sosyal güvenliğe kavuşması sağlanır ve böylece SSK hastanesinden ücretsiz olarak yararlanır. Sağlığının günden güne bozulması ve bacaklarının felç olması üzerine, yakın dostu şair Metin Üstündağ'ın yardımıyla Ağustos 1999'da Çapa Tıp Fakültesi'ne yatırılır. Buradaki tedavi giderleri SSK tarafından karşılanır. Sigorta kapsamı dışında kalan kurumlarda gördüğü tedavilerin giderleri ise, arkadaşlarının ve eserlerinin yayın hakkını alan Yapı Kredi Yayıncılık'ın yardımlarıyla karşılanır.

İstanbul'da önce Maltepe Huzurevi'ne, daha sonra da şair arkadaşı (dönemin başbakanı) Bülent Ecevit'in isteğiyle bakım şartları ve fizikî kapasitesi daha iyi olan Özel Acıbadem Huzurevi'ne yerleştirilir. Bu süre içinde, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Haseki Hastanesi, Haydarpaşa Hastanesi, Şişli Osmanoğlu Kliniği (2 defa), Central  Hospital ve en son da Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi'nde yatılı tedavi görür.

Bütün bu tedavilerin sonucunda felçten kurtulup ayağa kalkabilen sanatçı, Nisan 2001'de tekrar Çanakkale'ye yerleşir ve geçimini telif hakkını Yapı Kredi Yayınları'na verdiği eserlerinin geliriyle sağlar. Düzenli ve yerleşik bir yaşam tarzını bir türlü sevemeyen Ece Ayhan, âdeta tüm sevenlerini ve dostlarını terk ederek tedavi görmekte olduğu Çanakkale'den Temmuz 2002'de ayrılarak İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Gürçeşme Huzurevi'ne yerleşti ve 12 Temmuz 2002'de rahatsızlandığı için kaldırıldığı Eşrefpaşa Hastanesi'nde öldü. 16 Temmuz 2002'de, Çanakkale'nin Eceabat ilçesi Yalova köyünde toprağa verildi.

 Şiir kitapları
 1959: Kınar Hanım'ın Denizleri 1965: Bakışsız Bir Kedi Kara 1968: Ortodoksluklar 1973: Devlet ve Tabiat 1977: Yort Savul (Toplu Şiirler) 1981: Zambaklı Padişah 1982: Çok Eski Adıyladır 1991: Çanakkaleli Melâhat'a İki El Mektup ya da Özel Bir Fuhuş Tarihi 1993: Sivil Şiirler 1993: Son Şiirler 1994: Bütün Yort Savul'lar! 1999: Bütün Yort Savul'lar! (Genişletilmiş 2. Baskı)

 Öyküleri (seçme)
 1947-1957: Seçilmiş Hikâyeler 1952-1957: Yenilik 1957-1973: Dost Bibliyografya
 Ahmet Soysal: "A'dan Z'ye Ece Ayhan" (Kitaplık Dergisi Eki: 2003)
 Ahmet Soysal: "Eşsiz Olana Yakınlık" (Kanat Yayınları, 2006)
 Erdoğan Kul: Ece Ayhan'ın Şiirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma (Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2007)
 Hulusi Geçgel: "İkinci Yeni Şiirinin Çevresinde Ece Ayhan" (Doktora Tezi, Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2002)
 Kenan Yücel: "Anacığım, Merhaba!" Ece Ayhan'dan Ülkü Başsoy'a Mektuplar, Kartlar '', (Ve Yayınevi, İstanbul, 2014)

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Ece Ayhan - Portreler Galerisi , TRT Belgesel
Ece Ayhan'ın Poetika Sözlüğü, Aralık dergisi

1931 doğumlular
2002 yılında ölenler
Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesinde öğrenim görenler
Maviciler
İkinci Yeni şairleri
Resim aranan yazarlar
Datça doğumlular
20. yüzyıl Türk şairleri
21. yüzyıl Türk şairleri
Kalp yetmezliğinden ölenler
Çanakkale'de defnedilenler

Ece Ayhan


Reacțiunea a fost mișcarea de la începutul secolului al XIX-lea care s-a opus continuării revoluției franceze și adoptării ideilor ei (cod civil, sistem parlamentar, drepturi fundamentale, constituție, republică etc.). Joseph de Maistre, principalul teoretician al mișcării, a considerat că teroarea este rezultatul firesc al cultului rațiunii.

În știința politică, un reacționar este o persoană care deține opiniile politice care favorizează revenirea la status quo ante (literal starea în care lucrurile erau înainte), statul politic anterior al societății pe care el sau ea crede că îl posedă (prosperitate economică, justiție, proprietate individuală, disciplină, respect pentru autoritate, etc.) care sunt în mod negativ absente din statu-quo-ul contemporan al unei societăți. Ca adjectiv, cuvântul reacționar descrie punctele de vedere și politicile menite să restabilească status quo ante.

Note

Conservatorism

Reacțiune (politică)


Bertrand Tavernier () a fost un regizor, scenarist, actor și producător de film francez.

Viața și cariera
Tavernier s-a născut în Lyon, ca fiu al Genevièvei (născută Dumond) și al lui René Tavernier, scriitor și publicist, care a deținut timp de mai mulți ani funcția de președinte al PEN club-ului francez. Bertrand a spus că publicarea de către tatăl său a jurnalului de rezistență din timpul războiului și ajutorul oferit de acesta intelectualilor antinaziști i-a format profilul moral de artist. Potrivit lui Tavernier, tatăl său credea că cuvintele erau "la fel de importante și de letale ca gloanțele". Tavernier a vrut să devină regizor de film încă de la vârsta de 13 sau 14 ani. Printre cei care l-au influențat din punct de vedere cinematografic se află cineaștii John Ford, William Wellman, Jean Renoir, Jean Vigo și Jacques Becker. Tavernier a fost influențat, de asemenea, de greva generală din Franța din 1968. El a asociat cu Organizația Comunistă Internaționalistă între 1973 și 1975 și a fost emoționat în special de scrierile lui Lev Troțki. Primul regizor cu care a lucrat a fost Jean-Pierre Melville. Mai târziu, primul său film (L'Horloger de Saint-Paul, 1974) a câștigat Premiul Louis Delluc și Marele Premiu al Juriului (Ursul de Argint) la cea de-a 24-a ediție a Festivalului Internațional de Film de la Berlin.

Primele sale creații aveau un scop mai degrabă comercial, dar filmele sale de mai târziu s-au caracterizat printr-un comentariu social mai clar, subliniind vederile sale de stânga (La Vie et rien d'autre, Căpitanul Conan) și prezentând o imagine critică a societății franceze contemporane (Ça commence aujourd'hui, Histoires de vies brisées: les dublu-peine de Lyon).

A câștigat premiul BAFTA pentru cel mai bun film într-o altă limbă decât limba engleză, în 1990, pentru La Vie et rien d'autre, dar și patru premii César.

În 1995, filmul L'Appât a câștigat premiul Ursul de Aur la cea de-a 45-a ediție a Festivalului Internațional de Film de la Berlin. Patru ani mai târziu, filmul Ça commence aujourd'hui a obținut un premiu special la cea de-a 49-a ediție a Festivalului Internațional de Film de la Berlin.

Filmul Prințesa de Montpensier a concurat pentru Palme d'Or la Festivalul de Film de la Cannes din 2010.

Tavernier a fost căsătorit cu scenarista Claudine (Colo) O'Hagen din 1965 până în 1980. Ei au doi copii. Fiul lor, Nils Tavernier (născut la 1 septembrie 1965), lucrează ca regizor și actor. Fiica lor, Tiffany Tavernier (născută în 1967), este romancieră, scenaristă și asistentă de regie.

Filmografie

Referințe

Legături externe

 Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database
 Emily Zants (1999). "Bertrand Tavernier: Fractured Narrative and Bourgeois Values", The Scarecrow Press, Inc., Lanham, MD, and London. The Table of Contents and Introductory Chapter
 An interview with Bertrand Tavernier: "My job is to dream and invent, and out of this produce something that will change the world"
 Bertrand Tavernier speaks with the World Socialist Web Site
 An interview with Bertrand Tavernier on his film The Princess of Montpensier at subtitledonline.com
 Bertrand Tavernier in Conversation with Melinda Camber Porter PDF

Nașteri în 1941
Decese în 2021
Regizori de film francezi
Producători de film francezi
Scenariști francezi
Oameni din Lyon

Bertrand Tavernier


Yui Ohashi (Hikone, 18 de outubro de 1995) é uma nadadora japonesa, campeã olímpica.

Carreira

Ohashi conquistou a medalha de ouro nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020 em Tóquio nas provas de 200 m medley e 400 m medley com as marcas de 2:08.52 e 4:32.08 respectivamente.

Nadadores olímpicos do Japão
Campeões olímpicos do Japão
Nadadores nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas olímpicos da natação

Yui Ohashi


هانكوك (بالإنجليزية: Hancock) هو فيلم أمريكي آكشن درامي خارق للمخرج بيتر بيرج وبطولة ويل سميث، جيسن بيتمان، وتشارليز ثيرون. يحكي قصة عن بطل خارق حارس، جون هانكوك (سميث) من لوس انجليس الذي تصرفاته المتهورة المستمرة تكلف المدينة الملايين من الدولارات. وأخيراً شخصاً هو أنقذه، راي إيمبري (بيتمان)، جعل من مهمته تغيير صورة هانكوك العامة للأفضل.

القصة كانت مكتوبة مسبقا من قبل نغو فنسنت في عام 1996. ضعفت في جحيم التطوير لسنوات وعلقت مع مختلف من المخرجين، منها توني سكوت، مايكل مان، جوناثان موستو، وغابرييل موكسينو قبل الدخول في الإنتاج في عام 2007. تم تصوير هانكوك في لوس انجليس بميزانية إنتاج قدرها 150$ مليون.

في الولايات المتحدة، تم تقييم الفيلم PG-13 من قبل جمعية الفيلم الأمريكي بعد أن تم إجراء تغييرات على طلب المؤسسة من أجل تجنب «التقييد» تصنيف (ص)، والذي كان قد ورد مرتين من قبل. تم عرض الفيلم ووإطلاقه عالمياً في 2 يوليو، 2008 في الولايات المتحدة والمملكة المتحدة من قبل كولومبيا بيكشرز. حقق هانكوك أكثر من 620$ مليون في دور العرض في جميع أنحاء العالم في حين منح آراء ناقدة مختلطة.

الطاقم
 ويل سميث بدور جون هانكوك، بطل خارق مدمن على الكحول  وبطل القصة. ووصف سميث الشخصية، «هانكوك ليس بطلك الخارق العادي. كل يوم يستيقظ غاضباً على العالم. وهو لا يتذكر ما حدث له ولا يوجد أحد ليساعده في العثور على إجابات.» هانكوك محصن، خالد، يمتلك قوة خارقة، انعكاسات والقدرة على التحمل، درجة عالية في تطور تجدد الجسد، ويمكنه أن يطير بسرعة تفوق سرعة الصوت. ولإعطاء مظهر واقعي لطيران البطل الخارق، كان سميث في كثير من الأحيان يعلق بواسطة أسلاك 60 قدما (18 مترا) عن سطح الأرض، ويدفع في 40-50 ميلا في الساعة (64-80 كم / ساعة). سابقا، تلقى ويل سميث عرضاً لدور سوبرمان، بطل مع قوى مشابهة، في المشروع الذي لم يتم صنعه بعد حياة سوبرمان، ولكن سميث رفضه لمخاوف عنصرية.
 جيسن بيتمان بدور راي إيمبري، مستشار لمؤسسة العلاقات العامة الذي أنقذ حياة هانكوك. وقال بيتمان، «شخصيتي ترى الحياة من خلال نظارات وردية لذلك فهو لا يفهم كيف يمكن للناس أن لا يروا هذا الجانب الإيجابي من هانكوك. أحب أن أكون كل رجل. أحب أن أكون دليل الجولة، الشخص الذي يقيد مهما من سخافة قد يكون عليها في الفيلم والمساعدات تجعل هذا ملموس للجمهور.»
 تشارليز ثيرون بدور ماري إيمبري، زوجة راي. عندما قامت بتقبيل هانكوك، تبين أن لديها أيضا قوى خارقة. ثيرون وصفت ماري، «انها تقوم بهذه القرارات الواعية لتعيش في ضواحي المدن لتكون هذه الإم المحبة لكرة القدم لإبن زوجها وتكون الزوجة المثالية—و تعيش في هذه الفقاعة. ولكن عندما يفعل الناس ذلك فهذا يعني عادة أنهم يخفون بعض الخصائص داخل أنفسهم التي تخيفهم. وهذه هي قضية ماري. فهي تعرف من هي وما هي قادرة عليه.»
 إيدي مارسان بدور كينيث «ريد» باركر، ج ر. سارق البنك الذي حبسه هانكوك. في وقت لاحق يقوم بتكوين فريق مع اثنين من السجناء الآخرين لينتقم، يصبح بذلك الخصم الرئيسي في الفيلم. بعد أن صور سابقاً هابي-جو-لاكي صاحب الميزانية المنخفضة، وجد مارسان التحول إلى هانكوك صاحب الميزانية الضخمة أنها بمثابة صدمة. وقال مارسان، «لقد ذهبت من كوني داخل السيارة مع سالي هوكينز في هابي-جو-لاكي لتفجير مصرف في وسط مدينة لوس انجليس.»

منتجي الفيلم أكيفا جولدسمان ومايكل مان ظهرا كتنفيذيين يستمعان إلى محاضرة راي.

الإنتاج

التطوير

التصوير

في أكتوبر 2006، تم تكليف بيتر بيرغ ليُخرِج هذه الليلة، هو سيأتي مع إنتاج مقرر البدء فيه خلال مايو 2007 في لوس انجليس، وإعداد القصة. وكان بيرغ في منتصف تصوير المملكة عندما سمع عن الفيلم، ودعا مايكل مان، الذي كان قد أصبح واحد من منتجينه. قارن المخرج الجديد نغمة النص الأصلي بمغادرة لاس فيغاس (1995)، ووصفها بانها «شخصية قاسية تدرس هذا البطل الخارق المدمن الانتحاري». وأوضح المخرج إعادة الكتابة، «كنا نظن ان الفكرة كانت رائعة، لكن لم نرغب لتخفيفها. كلنا فعلنا.» قبل بدأ التصوير، تم تغير عنوان هذه الليلة، هو سيأتي إلى جون هانكوك، وفي نهاية المطاف تم تقصيره إلى هانكوك.

وبدأ تصوير هانكوك في 3 يوليو، 2007 في لوس انجليس، ومع جود ميزانية إنتاج قدرها 150$ مليون. وقد تم تصميم أماكن مثل هوليوود بوليفارد لتبدو متضررة، مع وجود حطام، انقلاب سيارات، وحرائق. شخصية سميث هي أيضا مدمنة على الكحول، ولذا للمشاهد في متاجر بيع الخمور، دائرة الفنون صممت علامات وهمية مثل باب سيمير فودكا للزجاجات بسبب «ماركة الحقيبة-البنية» مثل طائر الرعد، وقطار الليل رفضوا تقديم أسمائهم. وتم تصوير اللقطات الإعادية في تايمز سكوير في مايو 2008، في وقت متأخر مما أدى إلى إلغاء العرض العالمي الأول الأصلي للفيلم في أستراليا في 10 يونيو، 2008.

التأثيرات البصرية

الإطلاق

التسويق

هوم ميديا

الاستقبال

الجوائز

التكملة
قال المخرج بيتر بيرغ قبل إطلاق هانكوك أنه إذا الفيلم شد في مجال الأعمال التجارية بقدر كما هو متوقع، التكملة، هانكوك 2، من المحتمل أن يتبعه. بعد صدور الفيلم على قرص دي في دي وبلو راي، الممثل ويل سميث قال أن هناك مناقشات جارية حول جزء ثان محتمل، «إن الأفكار ليست [...] متطورة، ولكننا نعمل على بناء عالماً بأكمله؛ أعتقد أن الناس سيكونون مندهشين للغاية على العالم الجديد لهانكوك.» في أغسطس 2009، وظفت كولومبيا بيكتشرز كتاب سيناريو آدم فييرو وغلين مازارا لكتابة التكملة، والاستوديو يخطط لإعادة فريق الإنتاج من الفيلم الأصلي. أكدت تشارليز ثيرون أنها سوف تعود لتجسيد دورها، وقال بيرغ نتوقع أن يكون هناك ممثل ثالث ليكون شخصية أخرى مرسلة مع قوى مثل شخصيات سميث وثيرون.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

أفلام أبطال خارقين أمريكية
أفلام أبطال خارقين في عقد 2000
أفلام أكشن كوميدية أمريكية
أفلام أمريكية
أفلام أمريكية في عقد 2000
أفلام إنتاج 2008
أفلام إنتاج عقد 2000
أفلام إنتاج كولومبيا بيكتشرز
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية في عقد 2000
أفلام تدور أحداثها في سجن
أفلام تقع أحداثها في لوس أنجلوس
أفلام حركة أمريكية
أفلام حركة إنتاج عقد 2000
أفلام حركة في 2008
أفلام حركة كوميديا درامية أمريكية
أفلام حركة كوميدية درامية في عقد 2000
أفلام حركة كوميدية في عقد 2000
أفلام خارقة أمريكية إفريقية
أفلام خيال أمريكية
أفلام خيال علمي أمريكية
أفلام خيال علمي إنتاج عقد 2000
أفلام خيال علمي في 2008
أفلام خيال علمي كوميديا درامية أمريكية
أفلام خيال علمي كوميديا درامية عقد 2000
أفلام خيال علمي وحركة 2008
أفلام خيالية في عقد 2000
أفلام دراما أمريكية
أفلام دراما كوميدية أمريكية
أفلام دراما كوميدية إنتاج عقد 2000
أفلام سجلها جون باول
أفلام عن الأمريكيين الأفارقة
أفلام عن الذاكرة
أفلام عن إدمان الكحول
أفلام عن فقدان الذاكرة
أفلام فانتازيا 2008
أفلام فانتازيا كوميديا درامية أمريكية
أفلام فانتازيا كوميديا درامية في عقد 2000
أفلام كتب نصها السينمائي فينس غيليغان
أفلام كوميدية درامية في 2008
أفلام كوميدية في 2008
أفلام مصورة في لوس أنجلوس (كاليفورنيا)
أفلام مصورة في مدينة نيويورك
أفلام من إخراج بيتر بيرغ
أفلام من إنتاج أكيفا جولدسمان
أفلام من إنتاج ويل سميث
تعدد الزوجات في الأعمال الخيالية
حلقات تلفزيونية كتب نصها السينمائي فينس غيليغان

هانكوك


ඇන්ටාක්ටික් සාගරය, දක්ෂිණ සාගරය හෝ දකුණු සාගරය යනු දක්ෂිණ අර්ධගෝලයේ, ඇන්ටාක්ටිකා මහද්වීපය වටා ඇති සාගර ප්‍රදේශය යි. මෙය ශාන්තිකර, අත්ලාන්තික සහ ඉන්දියානු සාගරවලට වඩා ප්‍රමාණයෙන් කුඩා වන අතර ආක්ටික් සාගරයට වඩා විශාල වේ. පසුගිය වර්ෂ 30 තුල ඇන්ටාක්ටික් සාගරය වේගවත් ලෙස දේශගුණ විපර්යාසයන්ට ලක්වී ඇති අතර, මේ නිසා එහි සාගර පරිසර පද්ධතිය වෙනස්කම් වලට ලක් වී ඇත.

ආශ්‍රිත
 Borders of the oceans
 List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands
 List of countries by southernmost point
 List of seamounts in the Southern Ocean
 Seven Seas

සටහන්

මූලාශ්‍ර

 .

භාහිර සබැඳි

 The CIA World Factbook's දක්ෂිණ සාගර පිළිබඳ යොමුව
 International Hydrographic Organization (IHO): Limits of Oceans and Seas (2 වන සංස්කරණය), 1937 සිට 1953 දක්වා, දක්ෂිණ සාගරයේ සීමා ද ඇතුළුව.
 Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources

Marine realms
සාගර

ඇන්ටාක්ටික් සාගරය


مكتب إدارة المشاريع  الذي يعرف بال (PMO)(بي إم أوه) في، شركة|المؤسسات، التجارية أو المهنية هي الإدارة أو المجموعة التي تعرف نظام العمل وتحافظ على معاييره، وهي تنتمي عموما إلىإدارة المشاريع، في إطار المؤسسة. إن مكتب ال (بي إم أوه) يسعى لتوحيد وإدخال اقتصاديات التكرار في تنفيذ المشاريع. إن مكتب ال (بي إم أوه) هو مصدر الوثائق والإرشاد والمقاييس المطلوبة في ممارسة إدارة المشاريع وتنفيذها.

إن مكتب (بي إم أوه) ناجح، يكون قاعدة مبادئ مقبولة لإدارة المشروع، وفقاَ لمنهجيات صناعية القياسية مثل بمبوك أو برينس2. تزايد كفاءة الصناعة وزيادة برامج الجودة مثل شهادة الأيزو9000 و الجائزة الوطنية للجودة (مالكولم بالدريدج) (MBNQA) فضلا عن المتطلبات التنظيمية الحكومية، مثل قانون ساربانيس أوكسليالتي دفعت المنظمات لتوحيد معايير العمليات. إن المنظمات في جميع أنحاء العالم هي التي تحدد، وتقضرض، وتجمع أفضل الممارسات في عملية إدارة المشاريع، وبشكل متزايد تظهر الاستفادة من تكليف مكتب (البي إم أوه) على التأثير الكلي على الإدارة وتطور الفكر التنظيمي والتحسن المستمر.

إن 90 ٪ من المشاريع لا تفي الوقت / التكلفة / الجودة المطلوبة. 9 ٪ فقط من المشاريع الكبيرة، و16 ٪ من المشاريع المتوسطة و28 ٪ من المشاريع الصغير للشركة قد أنجزت في الوقت المحدد وفي حدود الميزانية وتسليمها للقياس وإلى أصحاب مصلحة الفوائد. [تقرير الفوضى من مجموعة ستانديش، عام 1995] يقول أن هناك أسباب كثيرة لهذا التقصير. وفقا لدراسة كي بي ام جي ل252 من المنظمات، اتضح أن التكنولوجيا، ليست هي العامل الأكثر حسما. عدم كفاية إدارة المشروع يشكل 32 ٪ من حالات فشل المشروع، وانعدام الاتصال يشكل 20 ٪ وعدم الإلمام بنطاق المشروع وتعقيده يشكل 17 ٪. وفقا لذلك 69 ٪ من حالات فشل المشروع بسبب نقص و/ أو التنفيذ غير الملائم لمنهجيات إدارة المشروع.

وفقا لموقع CIO.com إنشاء مكتب ال (بي إم أوه) ليست إستراتيجية على المدى القصير لتخفيض التكاليف. إن الاستقصاءات على الشركات يشير إلى أن من منهم لديه مكتب مكتب ال (بي إم أوه) هو من يكون له أفضل النتائج التي تحققت، للوصول إلى أهداف المشروع (الذي قد يؤدي إلى خفض التكاليف).

إن مهام مكتب ال (بي إم أوه) تشمل متابعة المشروع حتى الانتهاء، وتقديم التقارير إلى الإدارة العليا في الغرض الاستراتيجي.

إن مكتب (بي إم أوه يمكن ان يكون واحدا من ثلاثة أنواع من منظور تنظيمي:
مكتب (بي إم أوه) كمشروع، مكتب (بي إم أوه) كنظام إداري، مكتب (بي إم أوه) كغرض خاص.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية
 مشروع مكتب إدارة العمليات
 مكتبة المقالات المترجمة من مكتب (بي إم أوه)

انظر أيضا
 إدارة المشاريع

إدارة المشاريع

مكتب إدارة المشاريع


Astana Fýtbol Klýby kazahstanski je nogometni klub iz Astane. Trenutačno se natječe u Kazahstanskoj Premijer ligi. Svoje domaće utakmice igra na Astana Areni.

Uspjesi
 Kazahstanska Premijer liga
 Prvak (7): 2014., 2015., 2016., 2017., 2018., 2019., 2022.
 Doprvak (3): 2009., 2013., 2021.

 Kazahstanski nogometni kup
 Osvajač (3): 2010., 2012., 2016.
 Finalist (1): 2015.

 Kazahstanski nogometni superkup
 Osvajač (6): 2011., 2015., 2018., 2019., 2020., 2023.
 Finalist (4): 2013., 2016., 2017., 2021.

Izvori

Astana

FK Astana


Alexander Lucius Twilight (September 23, 1795 – June 19, 1857) was an American educator, minister and politician. He was recognized as the first African American to have earned a bachelor's degree from an American college or university, graduating from Middlebury College in 1823. He was ordained as a Congregational minister and worked in education and ministry all his career. In 1829 Twilight became principal of the Orleans County Grammar School. There he designed and built Athenian Hall, the first granite public building in the state of Vermont. In 1836 he was the first African American elected as a state legislator, serving in the Vermont House of Representatives; he was also the only African American ever elected to a state legislature before the Civil War.

His house and Athenian Hall are included in the Brownington Village Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

African-American roots
Alexander's father, Ichabod, was born in Boston, July 1765. Ichabod's father was black, his mother, white, possibly an indentured servant. Eventually, Ichabod married Mary, described as 'white' or 'light-skinned,' implying she was of partial African descent.

Ichabod and Mary were free and mixed race, of African and English descent. It is unknown if they were born free; they were likely descendants of enslaved Africans and English settlers. Ichabod was a Revolutionary War veteran from New Hampshire. His parents were both listed in the Corinth, Vermont town history as "the first negroes to settle in Corinth where they bought property, moving from Bradford on November 28, 1798.

Early life and education
Alexander Lucius Twilight was born September 23, 1795, in Bradford, Vermont. Starting around 1802 when he was eight years old, Twilight worked for a neighboring farmer in Corinth.  Working from an early age was typical of working-class children of his era.  For the next 12 years he read, studied, and learned mathematics while working in various farm labor positions.

Twilight enrolled in Randolph's Orange County Grammar School in 1815 at the age of 20.  From 1815 to 1821, he completed all the institution's secondary school courses as well as the first two years of a college-level curriculum. He enrolled in Middlebury College in 1821, where he graduated in 1823 with a Bachelor of Arts degree.  He was the first known African American to receive a degree from an American institution of higher learning. This did not become widely known until 1826, when Amherst College awarded a bachelor's degree to Edward Jones and claimed that he was the first African-American college graduate, which prompted Middlebury College to publicize Twilight's earlier graduation.

Career
Twilight's first job was teaching in Peru, New York.  He also studied for the ministry with the Congregational Church and served several Congregational churches. He occasionally led worship services and delivered sermons. The Champlain Presbytery of Plattsburgh licensed him to preach.  Twilight taught for four years in Peru, then moved to Vergennes, Vermont, in 1828 to teach during the week and hold weekend church services in Waltham and Ferrisburg.

In 1829 Twilight was hired as principal of the Orleans County, Vermont, Grammar School in Brownington, the only secondary school in a two-county area, where he was also ordained as minister of the Congregational Church. He built a house for his family shortly after arrival, which still stands and is the headquarters of the Orleans County Historical Society.

Wanting to create a residence dormitory to accommodate out of town students, from 1834 to 1836, Twilight designed, raised funds for, and had built a massive four-story granite building which he called Athenian Hall.  The first granite public building in Vermont, it served as a dormitory for the co-educational school, also known as the Brownington Academy.  Both his home and Athenian Hall are today part of a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1836, Twilight was elected to the newly established Vermont House of Representatives (Vermont's legislature was unicameral, consisting only of the House until 1836), becoming the first African American to be elected to a state legislature. As a member of the House, he worked unsuccessfully to persuade the Vermont General Assembly not to divide school funding between Brownington and nearby Craftsbury, which had decided to open its own school.

He left his job as headmaster in 1847, apparently after a falling out with the Brownington school's trustees.  He taught school in Shipton and Hatley, Quebec.  Without Twilight's leadership, the school in Brownington experienced declining enrollment, and it was closed in 1852.  Persuaded to return to Brownington, Twilight resumed his duties as principal and pastor.  He resigned as pastor in 1853, and continued as principal until 1855.

Death and burial
In October, 1855 Twilight suffered a stroke which left him partially paralyzed and caused him to retire as principal of the Brownington school.  He died on June 19, 1857, and was buried at the Congregational church in Brownington.

Marriage and family
In 1826, Twilight married Mercy Ladd Merrill of Unity, New Hampshire.  They remained married until his death, and had no children.  Mercy Twilight died in 1878.

Legacy and honors

Alexander Twilight House (1830), still stands across the street from Athenian Hall. Today it serves as headquarters for the Orleans County Historical Society.  It is within the Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
Athenian Hall (1834–36) is now operated by the Orleans County Historical Society as the Old Stone House Museum, and anchors the Historic District of Brownington.  It was the first granite public building in Vermont.
Alexander Twilight Hall at his alma mater Middlebury College was named in his honor.
The Alexander Twilight Auditorium at Lyndon State College is named for Twilight.
The Aspire Alexander Twilight College Preparatory Academy in Sacramento, California, was named for Twilight. It opened in the fall of 2009.
The Twilight Awards, a special awards show to celebrate teachers, schools and education nonprofits were named for Twilight.
Howard Frank Mosher wrote about the Stone House in Vermont Life Magazine, Autumn 1996:
I like the way the Stone House still looms up on that hilltop, where the wind blows all the time. There it sits, unshaken and monolithic, as I write this sentence and as you read it, every bit as astonishing today as the day it was completed. What a tribute to the faith of its creator, the Reverend Alexander Twilight: scholar, husband, teacher, preacher, legislator, father-away-from-home to nearly 3,000 boys and girls, an African American and a Vermonter of great vision, whose remains today lie buried in the church-yard just up the maple-lined dirt road from his granite school, in what surely was, and still is, one of the last best places anywhere.
An official portrait of Alexander Twilight hangs in the Vermont State House.

Footnotes

Further reading
 Hahan, Michael T. Alexander Twilight, Vermont's African American Pioneer. The New England Press, Inc.: 1998. .

External links
 Short Profiles of Alexander Twilight and Charles L. Reason, TwilightandReason official website
Alexander Twilight at the African American Registry
 Old Stone House Museum and Athenian Hall, official website

1795 births
1857 deaths
People from Corinth, Vermont
American Congregationalist ministers
African-American Christian clergy
American Christian clergy
African-American state legislators in Vermont
Members of the Vermont House of Representatives
Vermont culture
People from Brownington, Vermont
Middlebury College alumni
19th-century American politicians
African-American college graduates before 1865
19th-century American clergy
Vermont Whigs

Alexander Twilight


TorvehallerneKBH eller blot Torvehallerne er et fødevaremarked på Israels Plads i København. Torvehallerne består af to markedshaller med en åben markedsplads imellem. Der findes over 60 stader, hvoraf de fleste sælger eksklusive madvarer: bagerier, osterier, fiskehandlere, frugt- og grøntboder, slagtere og stader med salg af tapas, smørrebrød og græske franske og italienske specialiteter m.v. Flere stader serverer på stedet, og et italiensk rotisserie (roterende gril) ligger ved siden af hallerne.

Torvehallerne er opført, hvor Københavns grønttorv lå.

Hallerne blev tegnet af Arkitekturværkstedet ApS ved arkitekt Hans Peter Hagens og påbegyndt opført i 2009 med Jeudan som bygherre og nybyggeriet åbnede i 2011.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger/Kilder
 Officiel hjemmeside
 VisitCopenhagens beskrivelse af TorvehallerneKBH

Bygninger, konstruktioner og anlæg i Københavns Kommune

TorvehallerneKBH


الحشيشة، وجمعها حشائش، هي أي نبات ينمو في مكان غير مناسب حتى لو كانت نبتة مفيدة (مثل نبات قمح في حقل الذرة)، ولهذا فهي تعد آفة.

تتميز الحشيشة عن العشبة بأن الأولى ضارة بينما تستخدم كلمة عشبة عادة للدلالة على نباتات برية مفيدة كالنباتات الطبية.

الحشائش هي أكثر ما نلاحظ في حياتنا اليومية من آفات، فنراها تنتشر داخل المزروعات وحولها، وعلى ضفاف الأنهار وحواف الترع والقنوات، والجوانب غير المعبدة للطرق وجوانب السكك الحديدية وأسفل جدران الأبنية وحول المصانع والمناطق المتروكة أو التي لم تصلها يد العمران.

ويستخدم مصلطح الحشيشة في بعض الدول للدلالة على القنب الهندي.

انظر أيضا
 حشيشة متدحرجة
 حشيشة مثلوثة
 اجتثاث
 تريفلورالين

مصادر

 العلاج بحشيشة الإوزة
سيد عاشور أحمد. 2004. الحشائش ومبيداتها . تاريخ الولوج 5 أيار 2009.

آفات الحدائق
آفات زراعية
الأثر البيئي للزراعة
النباتات والبشر
نباتات مجتاحة

حشيشة


Udruženje građana Urbani Šokci – Sombor je hrvatska udruga iz Sombora, Vojvodina, Srbija.

Povijest
Osnovana je u Hrvatskom domu u Somboru 4. travnja 2008. godine. Predsjednica udruge je Marija Šeremešić.

Ciljevi
Cilj udruge je "njegovanje nacionalnih i kulturnih običaja bačkih Hrvata, posebice Šokaca, očuvanje njihove baštine, specifičnog šokačkog govora i književnosti, narodnih nošnji te zaštita njihovih prava i sloboda", a realizira se organiziranjem tematskih okruglih stolova i književnih večeri (o šokačkom govoru, o Anti Jakšiću i Stipanu Bešlinu, Lijepa riječ, lipa rič, Szép Szó, schönes Wort) o životu i radu Šokaca, prikupljanjem povijesne građe o podrijetlu, migracijama, prebivalištima i baštini Šokaca, te objavljivanjem radova o tim aktivnostima, organiziranjem izložbi u Gradskom muzeju itd.

Međunarodni okrugli stol "Urbani Šokci" skupa s osječkom udrugom Šokačka grana a održava se u Osijeku i Somboru. Zajedno s ostalim udrugama kulture šokačkih Hrvata iz vojvođanskog dijela Podunavlja organizira manifestaciju Šokci i baština. S udrugom Pasionska baština iz Zagreba 2012. godine organizirala je Međunarodni znanstveni simpozija Muka kao nepresušno nadahnuće kulture : Pasionska baština Hrvata u Podunavlju. Udruga organizira manifestaciju Dani hrvatske kulture u Somboru, koju podupire Državni ured za Hrvate izvan Hrvatske i Grad Sombor.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Facebook

Sombor
Hrvatska kulturno-umjetnička društva iz Vojvodine
Udruge nacionalnih manjina
Srbijanske udruge

Udruženje građana Urbani Šokci – Sombor


An Carex fernandezensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Kenneth Kent Mackenzie ngan Gerald A. Wheeler. An Carex fernandezensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Carex

Carex fernandezensis


Ioana Citta Baciu (n. 7 ianuarie 1936, Galați – d. 20 ianuarie 2016, București) a fost o actriță de film, radio, televiziune, scenă și voce română.

Biografie
S-a născut la Galați pe 7 ianuarie 1936. Între 1953 - 1971, Ioana Citta Baciu a jucat la Teatrul Național "Marin Sorescu" Craiova, la Teatrul "V.I. Popa" Bârlad, la Teatrul "Maria Filotti" Brăila, la Teatrul Național Târgu-Mureș și la Teatrul "Alexandru Davilla" Pitești. A murit la 20 ianuarie 2016.

Filmografie
* Un film cu o fată fermecătoare (1966)
Înainte de tăcere (1978)
Cenușa păsării din vis (1989)
Oamenii cavernelor (1992)Cântăreața cheală (1993)Vizita bătrânei doamne (1994)Tango (1995)Celestina (1997)...Escu (1998)Gaițele (1999)Tărâmul celălalt (2000)Copacii mor în picioare (2001)Leul în iarnă (2002)Steaua fără nume (2003)
 Zăpezile de altădată (2003)
 Casa Bernardei Alba (2003)
 A șaptea Kafana (2004)
 Scandal în culise (2005)Retro (2006)
 Cutia Pandorei (2010)
 Echilibru instabil (2012)
 Pană de automobil'' (2014)

Nașteri în 1936
Nașteri pe 7 ianuarie
Decese în 2016
Decese pe 20 ianuarie
Actrițe române din secolul al XX-lea
Actrițe române din secolul al XXI-lea
Actrițe de film române
Actrițe de radio române
Actrițe de teatru române
Actrițe de televiziune române
Actrițe de voce române
Decese în București
Gălățeni

Ioana Citta Baciu


Amblysomus hottentotus, la Taupe dorée hottentote, est une espèce de mammifères de la famille des Chrysochloridae. Elle vit sur la côte Est de l'Afrique du Sud et est peut-être également présente au Swaziland.

Liste des sous-espèces
Selon  :

Systématique
Le nom scientifique valide complet (avec auteur) de ce taxon est Amblysomus hottentotus (A. Smith, 1829).

Liens externes

Notes et références

Chrysochloridae
Insectivore (nom scientifique)

Amblysomus hottentotus


Victor Piaggio (Victorio Piaggio, * 1864 in Uruguay; † 1922 in Buenos Aires) war ein argentinischer Dirigent und Musikpädagoge italienischer Abstammung.

Es wird angenommen, dass Victor Piaggio der Nachkomme von Angehörigen der Genueser Kaufmanns- und Industriellenfamilie Piaggio war, die bei der Reise nach Buenos Aires vor der Küste Uruguays Schiffbruch erlitten und in diesem Land blieben. Piaggio ging nach Concordia in der argentinischen Provinz Entre Rios und wirkte dort als Dirigent einer Blaskapelle und gab als Privatlehrer Klavier-, Flöten- und Violinunterricht.

1900 übersiedelte er nach Buenos Aires und gründete dort das Conservatorio Piaggio. Von seinen neun Kindern wurden Celestino, Leonidas, Amelia, Leonor und Elsa Piaggio als Musiker bzw. Musikpädagogen bekannt.

Quelle
 Música Clásica Argentina - Victor Piaggio

Dirigent
Musikpädagoge
Geboren 1864
Gestorben 1922
Mann

Victor Piaggio


بلدية سانت إيستيبي دي بالاوتورديرا (بالكاتالانية: Sant Esteve de Palautordera) هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة برشلونة، والتي تقع في منطقة كاتالونيا، شرق إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 2.245 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2007).

مراجع

بلديات في مقاطعة برشلونة
بلديات في فالس أورينتال

سان إيستيبان دي بالاوتورديرا