Židovi su se kao etnička i vjerska zajednica u Bosni i Hercegovini pojavili nakon progona iz Španjolske krajem 15. stoljeća, kada su tražeći utočište došli u Bosnu (tada u sastavu Osmanskog Carstva).

Od današnjih bosanskohercegovačkih političara židovskog podrijetla, najpoznatiji je bivši ministar vanjskih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine Sven Alkalaj, iz Stranke za Bosnu i Hercegovinu, kojem su politički predstavnici Bošnjaka ustupili mjesto u Vijeću ministara. Prema postojećim ustavnim rješenjima, osporenim presudama Europskog suda pravde, samo tzv. konstitutivni narodi, tj. Bošnjaci, Srbi i Hrvati, obavezno imaju etničke predstavnike u Vijeću ministara na bazi pariteta, dok ostalim građanima zemlje to pravo je uskraćeno.

Dolazak Židova u Bosnu i Hercegovinu

Naseljavanje sefardskih Židova iz Španjolske na tlo Bosne i Hercegovine išlo je većim dijelom iz pravca Turske, Egeja i Albanije, pa preko Makedonije, Bugarske, Rumunjske i Srbije, a manjim dijelom iz pravca Italije i Mletačke republike.

Kao godina dolaska Židova u Bosnu uzima se 1575. i to zauzimanjem don Jozefa Nasija, špansko-židovskog dostojanstvenika na dvoru sultana Selima II. i njegove tetke done Grazie. Prvi pisani dokument koji govori o Židovima u Sarajevu je dokument u zapisniku sarajevskog suda iz 1557. godine. Tu je zabilježeno da je iza smrti pisara Jusufa ostalo duga u iznosu od 1.852 akče. Taj novac pokojnik je bio dužan bojadžiji Hasanu i jednom Židovu. Ovaj podatak upućuje na činjenicu da se pomenuti Židov bavio najvjerojatnije bankarskim poslovima, te da je davao novac u zajam.

I u drugom sačuvanom sarajevskom sudskom zapisniku iz 1565. godine spominju se Židovi kao trgovci čohom i sahtijanom. Prvi Židovi u Sarajevu bili su nastanjeni u Sagrakči Hadži Mahmudovoj mahali, u narodu poznatijoj pod imenom Ulomljenica, a koja je obuhvatala dio Sagrdija, Ulomljenicu i dio današnje Toromanove ulice. Krajem 16. stoljeća veliki vezir Sijavuš-paša Hrvat, sagradio je veliki han tzv. Sijavuš - pašinu dairu, koju su Židovi nazivali Kortiž, a ostali građani Velika avlija. Ovaj objekt podignut je kao vakuf, vezan za Sijavuš - pašine zadužbine i njegovo potomstvo u Istanbulu i poklonio Židovima da tu stanuju. Ova nastanba bila je smještena u blizini sarajevske čaršije, a uz nju je nešto kasnije sagrađen i stari jevrejski hram. Taj prvi sakralni objekt sarajevskih Jevreja Sefarda nazvan je još i "Il Kal Grandi" (Veliki hram). Po svojoj koncepciji ovaj hram podsjeća na hramove daleke Španjolske.

Sijavuš - pašin han, iako u početku mjesto najveće koncentracije Židovi, nije nikada poprimio oblike klasičnog geta kao što je bilo slučajeva na zapadu. Vrata "Velike avlije" nisu se nikada zaključavala, a židovski trgovci imali su svoje dućane u sarajevskoj čaršiji i bili članovi pojedinih esnafa.
Ova židovska nastanba je izgorila 8. kolovoza 1879. godine u velikom požaru koji je zahvatio sarajevsku čaršiju i njenu okolinu. Prema suvremenicima, pred njen nestanak ova zgrada je imala 46 soba. To je bio prvi primjer kolektivnog stanovanja u Sarajevu.

Sarajevska hagada

Židovi su prilikom dolaska u Bosnu donijeli jedan primjerak hagade, sefarski rukopis iz Španjolske. Ovaj unikatni rukopis iz 14. stoljeća nazvan je Sarajevska hagada.  Knjiga je do danas preživjela inkviziciju, Prvi i Drugi svjetski rat, te protekli rat u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Kada je riječ o hagadi, treba istaći da na hebrejskom znači priča, kazivanje, dok joj je sadržaj koncipiran na dijelove s tematikom o spasenju Židova egipadskog ropstva, ali i motivi i priče vezane za židovski blagdan Pesah. U svijetu postoji nekoliko Hagada, a ono po čemu je sarajevska posebna, i po čemu se ističe u odnosu na ostale, iznimno su bogate ilustracije, te činjenica da njena priča počinje od postanka svijeta, dok u drugim Hagadama priča počinje izbavljenjem Židova iz Egipta. Običaj je da se prve večeri Pashe čita se Hagada, točnije priča o postanku svijeta.

Zanimljivo je čuvanje ove knjige među stanovnicima Bosne i Hercegovine. Tako je 1941., prilikom ulaska njemačke vojske u Sarajevo, jedan od njemačkih oficira je došao u Muzej i zatražio knjigu. Iako se knjiga nalazila na polici iza njegovih leđa, direktor muzeja Jozo Petrović mirno je odgovorio  "evo maloprije je neki njemački oficir odnio Hagadu". Tijekom posljednjega rata u Bosni i Hercegovini, Sarajevska hagada je bila spremljena u trezor Narodne banke u Sarajevu, nakon što ju je 1992. direktor Enver Imamović spasio iz Zemaljskog muzeja, koji se u jednom trenutku našao na prvoj crti fronte.

Danas se Sarajevska hagada čuva u Zemaljskom muzeju Bosne i Hercegovine, u Sarajevu i dva puta tjedno se predstavlja publici. To je danas najvrijedniji eksponat Zemaljskog muzeja i čuva se u trenozu ove institucije.

Pravni i društveni položaj Židova u Bosni i Hercegovini

Kada se u Židovi doselili u Bosnu i Hercegovini, njihov pravni i društveni položaj nije se razlikovao od položaja Židova nastanjenih po drugim pokrajinama Osmanskog Carstva. Svoje obiteljske, bračne, nasljedne i druge imovinsko - pravne poslove Židovi su rješavali pred svojim vjerskim starješinom, dok su u agrarno - pravnim stvarima odgovarali isključivo pred kadijom. Osmanski izvori pokazuju da su Židovi od svog dolaska u Bosnu mogli slobodno da vrše svoje vjerske obrede. Kao nemuslimani, Židovi su bili dužni da plaćaju glavarinu, džizju -harač i ispendžu za nevršenje vojne službe i imovinsku sigurnost.

Kako su Židovi živjeli uglavnom u gradovima, oni su kao i ostalo gradsko stanovništvo bili oslobođeni izvjesnih nameta s obzirom na to da su se bavili zanatstvom i trgovinom. Prolazeći kroz Sarajevo 1659. godine poznati putopisac Evlija Čelebija zabilježio je da su Jevreji stanovali u dvije mahale u Sarajevu. Društveni i kulturni život Židova zasnivao se na tekovinama donijetim iz Španjolske. Oni su dugo čuvali svoje pjesme romanse u njihovom izvornom obliku kao dio folklornog blaga i kulturne baštine.

Poslije austrougarske okupacije u Bosnu i Hercegovini su se doselili i aškenaški Židovi. Od svog dolaska u Bosnu i Hercegovinu Židovi su dali značajan doprinos razvoju iste, potpuno se uklopivši u život u novoj sredini.

Doprinos Židova životu u Bosni i Hercegovini

Gospodarstvo
Pitanje gospodarstva kod Židova Bosne i Hercegovine uključuje u sebi koliko kulturna toliko i društveno-politička razmatranja. Elastičniji po načinu ophođenja s inostranim svijetom i po gospodarskoj koncepciji, Židovi su u pet stoljeća u Bosni i Hercegovini utisnuli jednom dobrom dijelu gospodarstva svoju individualnost. Sama povijest preduprijedila je i predraspoložila Židove za ulogu koju su zapremali u gospodarstvu Bosne i Hercegovine. Osmanske vlasti, a osobito slavensko gradsko stanovništvo, pružalo im je ne samo zaštitu nego se odnosilo i s puno razumijevanja prema Sefardima. Mediteranci, kao što su bili španjolski Židovi, dolaze u planinske krajeve Bosne i Hercegovine, gotovo nepristupačne za velike komunikacije sa Zapada i nailaze tu na jedno stanovništvo koje nema jačih i redovnih veza s inostranstvom. Oni tih veza imaju u izobilju duž svih obala Sredozemnog mora. U vrijeme kad su isključivo države, s jednim malim izuzetkom Indijskog orijentalnog društva s nekim državnim privilegijama u 17. i 18. stoljeću, imale svoja politička i gospodarska predstavništva, Židovi Balkanskog poluotoka, a posebno Bosne i Hercegovine, imali su svoje konzule po svim većim pristaništima (Trst, Venecija, Genova, Livorno, Marseille, Dubrovnik itd.) preko kojih su vršili trgovinu s najudaljenijim zemljama.

Novčarstvo, uvoz i izvoz kolonijalne i izrađene robe, transportna trgovina – sve su te gospodarske grane bile dobrim dijelom u rukama Židova, koji su njima vladali nenadmašnom vještinom iskusnih i vršili svoje trgovačke operacije. Međutim, Židovi Bosne i Hercegovine ne zanemaruju ni zanatlijska zvanja. Štaviše, vremenom stječu efektivni monopol u nekim obrtničkim i zanatlijskim granama.

austrougarska okupacija Bosne i Hercegovine značila je veliku povijesnu prekretnicu, koja je bila ne samo političke nego i društveno-ekonomske i uopće kulturno-civilizacijske prirode. Duboke promjene zahvatile su i židovsku zajednicu u Bosni i Hercegovini, a i ona je sama postala značajan faktor gospodarskog i kulturnog preobražaja zemlje. U okviru nastalih demografskih promjena uz domaće Sefarde, koji su uz srpske trgovce bili do 1878. glavni reprezentanti bosanskohercegovačke spoljne trgovine i glavni zajmodavci, stižu i Židovi iz Austro-Ugarske – Aškenazi.

Njihove prethodnice dolaze s austrougarskim trupama u toku same okupacione kampanje kao snabdjevači vojske životnim namirnicama i prijevoznici, te kao agenti trgovačkih kuća i trgovački putnici, među kojima su bili naročito brojni mađarski Židovi. Vremenom su se Židovi iz Austro-Ugarske, čija se brojnost povećala, proširili po bosanskohercegovačkim gradovima kao trgovci i krčmari. Oni se javljaju i kao osnivači prvih industrijskih poduzeća u Bosni i Hercegovini. U procesu brze urbanizacije uključuju se u modernu izgradnju stanova, osobito u Sarajevu, koristeći mogućnost kupovine jeftinog građevinskog zemljišta u gradovima, kao i jeftinog poljoprivrednog zemljišta u Bosanskoj Posavini. I sefardski trgovci iz Sarajeva i drugih gradova uspješno se prilagođavaju novim prilikama. Tako se u Bosni i Hercegovini među tri vodeća fabrikanta javljaju bosanski Sefardi. Tijekom vremena doseljeni Aškenazi dosegli su blizu trećine ukupne židovske populacije u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Položaj Židova u trgovačkom prometu nije bio ni u kakvom srazmjeru s njihovim brojem. U rukama im se koncentrisala glavnina uvozne i izvozne trgovine. Kada je riječ o Židovima vlasnicima poduzeća i radnji, njih je u Bosni i Hercegovini bilo 1907. godine 1.262 ili 3%, a 1913. godine 1923 ili 3,6%. Židovi Bosne sačinjavaju takvu zajednicu koja raspolaže svim i najdiferenciranijim zvanjima, za razliku od židovskih zajednica na Zapadu, gdje pojedina zvanja upravo pate od prezastupljenosti, dok u ostalima Židovi i nemaju svojih zastupnika. Među Židovima Bosne i Hercegovine ima svih zanimanja: sve su društvene klase i sva zvanja zastupana. Prvi svjetski rat i poslijeratni period, kao među svim rasnim i narodnim skupinama, kvari, na veliku štetu, i među Židovima Bosne i Hercegovine ovu gospodarsku ravnotežu.

Židovi okupljeni oko društva La Benevolencija čine tada nužni napor da se ta poremećena gospodarska ravnoteža dovede u pravi kolosijek uvođenjem srednjoročnog razvrstavanja zvanja. Zajednička uloga Židova u gospodarsku ima za funkciju da se favorizuju kompetentni za stipendiranje, veoma neprocjenjivo blago produktivnosti u sebi. Zapravo, da nije bilo Židova i njihovog posredovanja, bile bi zamrle mnoge grane gospodarskog života u Bosni i Hercegovini, a sve su ih rasne i osobne odlike predestinirale, za produktivnu suradnju, za dobro i napredak sredine. Pismeni, vješti nekolikim jezicima, i posjedujući uzoran smisao za gospodarski pregled, Židovi u Bosni i Hercegivini umjeli su točno prosuđivati stanje zemlje, prema kome su postojale potpore za neka stanovita židovskoj zajednici potrebna zvanja i struke. Židovi u Bosni i Hercegovini najvećim svojim dijelom su gradski element, a posvetili su se u posredničkoj ulozi, prvih desetljeća 20. stoljeća, podizanju lijepih, velikih i modernih zgrada za stanovanje i modernih radnji, te se oni, mogu smatrati agilnim podizačima i odnjegovačima urbanizma u Bosni i Hercegovini. Oni grade prvi hotel u Sarajevu, prvu zgradu za iznajmljivanje stanova – Salomova palača, zgradu Umjetničke galerije Bosne i Hercegovine i mnoge druge u Ulici Ferhadija, Titovoj i u Ulici Zelenih beretki. Na polju industrije, naročito tekstilne, oni su bili prvi izrađivači takvih proizvoda koji su u stanju da se održe na tržištima, pored onih uvezenih iz inozemstva.

U SFR Jugoslaviji Emerik Blum je oko sebe okupio sposobne i vrijedne ljude, koji su zajedničkim snagama stvorili u svijetu priznatog i uticajnog gospodarskog giganta Energoinvest. Pred početak Drugog svjetskog rata bio je jedan od suradnika Collegiuma Artisticuma oko kojeg se okupljala progresivna sarajevska omladina lijeve političke orijentacije. Emerika Bluma je ugledni list Financial Times opisao kao  "oličenje socijalističke poslovnosti."

Kultura i umjetnost

Kada je riječ o židovskim umjetnicima 20. stoljeća u Bosni i Hercegovini (uglavnom se radi o Sefardima), prvo se postavlja problem njihovog relativno kasnog uključivanja u tokove moderne umjetnosti. Problem je zanimljiviji što znamo da su Židovi u ovoj državi gotov pa potpuno bili urbana populacija, koja je u Bosnu stigla direktno iz zlatnog doba španske multikulturne zajednice, obilježenog vrhunskim dostignućima židovsko-kršćansko-islamske simbioze, koja je prije 500 godina došla pod udar katoličkih vladara Izabele i Ferdinanda. To je rezultiralo izgonom pripadnika judaizma i islama iz nekad multireligiozne Španjolske.

Prvi spomen jednog modernog umjetnika Židova nalazi se u biografiji Vilka Šeferova, koji je zapisao da su on, Boro Petrović i Daniel Kabiljo Danilus imali zajednički atelje u jednoj staroj bosanskoj kući u Sarajevu 1914. godine. Još je eklatantniji primjer Jamesa Haima Pinte, čija je porodična kuća u Tuzli, po svjedočanstvu Ismeta Mujezinovića, bila pravo stjecište muza. U toj kući se čitalo, slikalo, muziciralo, glumilo, raspravljalo o znanosti, književnosti, likovnoj, dramskoj i muzičkoj umjetnosti, što je Ismetu pomoglo da izdrži na trnovitom putu ka slikarskoj profesiji. Kiparica Berta Baruh je između dva rata privatno učila skulpturu kod hrvatskog umjetnika Marina Studina u Sarajevu; Monsino Levi je također naučio slikati u Sarajevu, ali je slavu stekao u Parizu; Daniel Ozmo, koji je tragično stradao u logoru Jasenovac, ostavio je za sobom grafike najvišeg nivoa i pokazao jedan ogroman talenat.

Židovski umjetnici Bosne i Hercegovine između dva svjetska rata bili su članovi sarajevskih umjetničkih grupacija koje nisu formirane po nacionalnim kriterijima, već po liniji likovnih i kolegijalnih afiniteta, ili pak u znaku umjetničko-ideoloških opredjeljenja. U Sarajevu je u periodu od 1931. do 1941. godine osnovana organizacija od mladih intelektualaca – Collegium artisticum. Pripadnici ove organizacije većinom su bili Židovi: Oskar Danon, glazbenik; Jahiel Finci, arhitekt; Ana Rajs, koreograf, Daniel Ozmo, slikar. Židovski pisci iz Bosne i Hercegovine pisali su na hebrejskom, španjolskom i bošnjačkom jeziku, dok su prevodioci većinom bili rabini. Na ladino jeziku sačuvane su mnogobrojne lirske pjesme, romanse i poslovice.

Svoj neizbrisivi trag ostavio je za sobom Marcel Šnajder, Moric Levi, Kalmi Baruh, Oskar Danon, Otto Englander, Isidor Papo, Isak Samokovlija, Laura Papo Bohoreta, Erih Koš. U cjelokupnoj povijesti židovskog naroda u Bosni i Hercegovini od njegovog doseljenja u te krajeve u prvoj polovini 16. stoljeća pa do danas, davali su posebne i univerzalne odrednice i ovom narodu i sredini u kojoj je on živio i radio.

Holokaust

Nakon proglašenja Nezavisne države Hrvatske (NDH) 1941. godine, Židovi u Bosni i Hercegovini su se našli u nezgodnoj poziciji. Njihova imovina, radnje i kuće, bile su popisane i zaplijenjene, a sinagoge opljačkane, zapaljene i pretvorene u zatvore. Izuzetak nije bila ni najstarija sinagoga u Sarajevu, Il Kal Grandi sagrađena u 16. stoljeću. Sagrađena nakon što su prvi Židovi Sefardi došli u Bosnu i Hercegovinu 1492. godine, kada su protjerani iz Španjolske, 450 godina poslije pretvorena je u zatvor gdje su vršena ubojstva i deportacije, a nakon Drugog svjetskog rata postala je muzej. Postojao je i zatvor ustaške nadzorne službe u Ulici Ćemaluša, u vjerskoj školi za rabine. Također, i sinagoga u naselju Mejtaš pretvorena je u zatvor gdje su odvođeni Židovi, zgrada Zemaljske banke, gdje je današnja Vječna vatra, bila je zatvor...  U Bosni i Hercegovini je do Drugog svjetskog rata živjelo 14.000 Židova, a 12.000 je ubijeno u Holokaustu - neki u logorima u Jasenovcu, na Pagu, Staroj Gradišci, Jadovnu, Đakovu, Auschwitzu...

Židovska zajednica u Bosni Hercegovini

Godine 1940. djelovale su u Bosni i Hercegovini 24 židovske općine. Sarajevo, Tuzla i Banja Luka su imale i sefardsku i aškenašku općinu, ostala mjesta zajedničku općinu. Danas, pored Židovske općine u Sarajevu, u Bosni i Hercegovini djeluje još pet židovskih općina i to u Banjoj Luci, Doboju, Zenici, Tuzli i Mostaru, te računaju s oko 1.100 članova u cijeloj zemlji. Židovske općine su međusobno povezane u "labavi" savez židovskih općina koji se naziva Židovska zajednica u Bosni i Hercegovini. Glavni nosilac konsolidacije je Židovska općina u Sarajevu zajedno s kulturnim i humanitarnim društvom La Benevolencija. Sinagoge postoje u Sarajevu, Doboju i Banjaluci, a Židovskoj općini u Mostaru obustavljena je započeta izgradnja sinagoge zbog spora oko vlasništva nad zemljištem. Do 1940. godine u Bosni i Hercegovini se nalazilo 15 sinagoga za oko 14.000 članova zajednice.

Židovska groblja i danas postoje u Sarajevu, Bihaću, Tuzli, Žepču, Derventi, Travniku. Bugojnu, Gračanici, Zenici, Rogatici, Jajcu, Višegradu, Zvorniku i Mostaru. Židovsko groblje u Sarajevu je drugo najveće groblje u Europi, poslije Židovskog groblja u Pragu. Prvi spomenik na Sarajevskom groblju datira iz 1640. godine, a na njegovoj površini je oko 3.500 nadgrobnih spomenika, iako nitko ne zna koliko je točno Židova tu ukopano. Razlog za to je što su mnogi od njih stradali u holokaustu te su članovi obitelji znali, u čast sjećanja na voljene, podići samo spomenik, iako ispod njega ne leži nitko.

Židovske udruge
Na području Bosne i Hercegovine i danas djeluje najstarije židovsko-humanitarno društvo La Benevolencija (hebr. Dobra volja), koje je osnovano 1892. godine i koje nosi primat za pitanja socijalne skrbi, prvenstveno na polju školovanja i obrazovanja mladih i perspektivnih generacija. Pored La Benevolencije, u Sarajevu je djelovalo još židovskih društava, kao što su: "La Glorija", "La Lira", "Tarbut", "Jevrejski klub", "La Humanidad"...

U Banjoj Luci je nekad djelovala udruga koja se zvala "Kadimah" (hebr. Naprijed) - brinula se o održanju građanske ravnopravnosti Židova o pitanju socijalne pravde, demokracije i zaštite. Pored ova dva društva u Bosni su djelovale i udruge "Jevrejskog gospojinskog društva", "Beruria", kao i tri omladinska društva "Ezra", "Debora" i "B'ne Cion". Također i danas postoji židovsko glasilo u Bosni i Hercegovini koje se prvobitno nazivalo "Jevrejski život", a danas "Jevrejski glas".

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Excerpts from Jews in Yugoslavia – Part I
 Jewish Virtual Library – Bosnia-Herzegovina, Stephanie Persin
 American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee – Bosnia-Herzegovina
 Bosnian Jewry: A Small Community Meets a Unique Challenge During the 1990s War  – Interview with Ivica Ceresnjes
 Interesting Story about Jews living in BiH, from 1930s until Today

Judaizam
Etničke grupe Bosne i Hercegovine
Židovi u Bosni i Hercegovini

Židovi Bosne i Hercegovine


Los Montes Taebaek  (en coreano: 태백산맥) son una cadena montañosa de los países asiáticos de Corea del Norte y Corea del Sur. Estas montañas forman la cresta principal de la península coreana.

Las montañas de Taebaek se hallan en el borde oriental de la península y se extienden a lo largo del Mar del Este o Mar del Japón. El Monte Hwangnyong en Corea del Norte (con 1.268 metros de altura) constituye el extremo septentrional de la sierra, mientras que Busan se encuentra en el extremo sur de la cordillera. Esto hace que la cadena montañosa tenga una longitud total de más de 500 kilómetros, con un promedio de unos 1.000 metros de altura.

Véase también
Geografía de Corea del Norte
Geografía de Corea del Sur

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Mapa de localización

Cordilleras de Corea del Norte
Cordilleras de Corea del Sur

Montes Taebaek


Diese Liste gibt den Fortschreibungsstand vom 19. August 2014 wieder und enthält 16 Baudenkmäler.

Baudenkmäler nach Ortsteilen

Ludwigschorgast

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Drahtmühle

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Siehe auch
 Liste der Bodendenkmäler in Ludwigschorgast

Anmerkungen

Literatur

Weblinks

!
Ludwigschorgast
Baudenkmaler Ludwigschorgast

Liste der Baudenkmäler in Ludwigschorgast


Sankara can refer to:

People
 Mariam Sankara (born 1953), First Lady of Burkina Faso, widow of Thomas Sankara
 Thomas Sankara (1949–1987), Marxist revolutionary leader of Burkina Faso (from 1983–1987)
 Adi Shankara (788–820), Hindu philosopher credited with reviving Hinduism
 Shiva, whom Hindus, especially Shaivites, worship as supreme God or their Supreme Being

Films
 Sankara (2007 film), a Sri Lankan film directed by Prasanna Jayakody
 Shankara (2016 film), a 2016 Indian Telugu-language action film by Tatineni Satya

Other
 Sankara, Burkina Faso, a village in Burkina Faso
 Sankara Eye Foundation, a US-based non-profit working to eradicate curable blindness in India
 Sankara Stones, magical rocks from the 1984 feature film Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
 Sankhara, mental formations in Buddhist philosophy

See also
 Sankar (disambiguation)
 Shankara (disambiguation)
 Shankar (disambiguation)

Sankara


John Henry Murphy III (2 mars 1916 - 16 octobre 2010), est un éditeur américain. Il fut dirigeant de journal, à la tête de l'entreprise familiale du journal Afro-American basé à Baltimore, Maryland. À son apogée, il comptait neuf éditions nationales, publiées dans 13 grandes villes. Petit-fils du fondateur du journal, l'ancien esclave et vétéran de la guerre de Sécession John H. Murphy Sr. Après avoir travaillé à partir de 1937 comme directeur de l'édition de Washington, D.C., et dans d'autres postes, Murphy a succédé à son oncle Carl J. Murphy en 1967 comme président des journaux afro-américains, et en 1974 comme président du conseil d'administration et éditeur.

Vie et carrière
John Henry Murphy III est né le 2 mars 1916 de Daniel H. Murphy et Sara Murphy Neely à Baltimore, dans le Maryland. Il a été nommé en l'honneur de son père et de son grand-père, ce dernier ayant fondé le Baltimore Afro-American à la fin du XIXe siècle. Après la séparation de ses parents, John déménage avec sa mère à Philadelphie, où il est diplômé de la Overbrook High School. Il a obtenu sa licence en administration des affaires à l'université de Temple en 1937.

Après avoir obtenu son diplôme, Murphy rejoint l'entreprise de presse familiale. Il est affecté au poste de chef de bureau au Washington Afro-American, basé dans la capitale.

Murphy a occupé divers postes pour apprendre l'entreprise de presse familiale, que son oncle Carl J. Murphy a étendue à 13 grandes villes à son apogée pendant ses 45 années de direction. En 1967, Murphy III a été nommé président des journaux Afro-American, succédant à son oncle. L'une de ses innovations fut un supplément hebdomadaire, le magazine Dawn, qui attirait la publicité et traitait de questions intéressant les lecteurs de la classe moyenne. L'entreprise publie toujours une édition nationale et des versions locales dans plusieurs villes de la côte Est et du Sud.

En 1974, Murphy devient président du conseil d'administration et éditeur. Au cours de ces années, l'entreprise a dû faire face à la concurrence croissante de la télévision, et plus tard d'Internet, pour obtenir des fonds publicitaires. Elle a réduit le nombre d'éditions qu'elle publie. En 1986, Murphy a pris sa retraite en tant que président du conseil d'administration de l'entreprise de presse.

Murphy était également photographe, prenant des photos de famille, ainsi que des photos pour le Baltimore Times. Il a conservé des liens à Washington, D.C. après y avoir travaillé pendant des années. Il a été membre de l'église épiscopale St. James à West Baltimore, dans le Maryland, pendant environ 60 ans.

Murphy est décédé à l'âge de 94 ans le 16 octobre 2010. Il laisse derrière lui sa femme Camay Calloway Murphy et deux enfants, Sharon V. Moore et Daniel H. Murphy.

Vie personnelle
En 1940, il a épousé Alice Quivers, et ils ont eu deux enfants, Daniel et Sharon.

Murphy a épousé l'éducatrice Camay Calloway Brooks en 1980, un an après le décès de sa première femme. Elle est la fille de Cab Calloway, le célèbre musicien de jazz élevé à Baltimore, qui était associé à l'un des orchestres maison du Cotton Club de Harlem, à New York. Elle a également été l'un des premiers Afro-Américains à enseigner dans des écoles blanches en Virginie.

Notes et références

Naissance en mars 1916
Naissance à Baltimore
Étudiant de l'université Temple
Patron de presse afro-américain
Décès en octobre 2010
Décès à 94 ans
Éditeur du XXe siècle

John H. Murphy III


Captain & Tennille were American recording artists whose primary success occurred in the 1970s. The husband-and-wife team were "Captain" Daryl Dragon (1942–2019) and Toni Tennille (born 1940). They have five albums certified gold or platinum and scored numerous hits on the US singles charts, the most enduring of which included "Love Will Keep Us Together", "Do That to Me One More Time", and "Muskrat Love". They  hosted their own television variety series on ABC in 1976–77.

Early history and collaboration
In 1972, Toni Tennille was the co-writer of an ecology-themed musical, Mother Earth. At that time, Daryl Dragon (son of composer Carmen Dragon) was working as a keyboardist for the Beach Boys, where thanks to his habit of wearing a ship captain's hat while performing he got his stage name "Captain". When Tennille's show was preparing to move from San Francisco's Marines Memorial Theatre to Southern California's South Coast Repertory, a call was put out for a replacement keyboardist. Dragon was between tours when he heard about the opening, met Tennille in San Francisco to audition, and landed the gig.

Dragon later reciprocated by recommending Tennille to the Beach Boys when the band needed an additional keyboardist, and they hired her. She toured with them for a year, and has since been known as the Beach Boys' one and only "Beach Girl."

Realizing their collaborative potential when the tour was over, Tennille and Dragon began performing as a duo at the Smokehouse Restaurant in Encino, California. They started to become popular in the Los Angeles area, and their early version of the Tennille-penned "The Way I Want to Touch You" became popular on a local radio station. This led to a recording contract with A&M Records.

Their first hit single, a rendition of Neil Sedaka and Howard Greenfield's "Love Will Keep Us Together", reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart nine weeks after its 1975 debut, and went on to win the Grammy Award for Record of the Year. It sold over 1 million copies and was awarded a Gold disc by the RIAA on July 1, 1975. Tennille paid tribute to Sedaka in the recording when she sang the overdub "Sedaka is back" at the outro. The duo successfully mined the Sedaka songbook a number of times over their career. Two of their other hit singles were the Sedaka co-writes "Lonely Night (Angel Face)" and "You Never Done It Like That". Their Spanish recording of "Love Will Keep Us Together", "Por Amor Viviremos", also charted in 1975; it was the first time two versions of the same single charted simultaneously. Tennille and Dragon included renditions of several other Sedaka songs on their albums.

Tennille and Dragon married on November 11, 1975. A wedding date of Valentine's Day 1974 had long been erroneously reported: On their television variety show, Tennille claimed they were married on Valentine's Day, as did the February 14, 1976, edition of Casey Kasem's American Top 40.

Success and subsequent period

Over the next few years, Captain & Tennille released a string of hit singles mostly from their first two albums Love Will Keep Us Together (US #2, 1975) and Song Of Joy (US #9, 1976) including "The Way I Want to Touch You" (US #4), "Lonely Night (Angel Face)" (US #3), "Shop Around" (US #4), and "Muskrat Love" (US #4).

In July 1976, they were invited by First Lady Betty Ford to perform in the East Room of the White House in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II and President Gerald Ford during the country's bicentennial celebration.

Such was the level of their popularity that they were given their own television variety show. The Captain and Tennille TV show aired from September 1976 to March 1977 on ABC. It featured musical numbers and comedy sketches performed with various guest stars. The show finished in the Nielsen ratings tied at 41 for the 1976-77 season with The Rockford Files and Chico and the Man.

Despite decent ratings, it ranked #19 among the network's shows and was cancelled by ABC. Other, lower ranking shows on the network were renewed.The cancellation likely was the result of the duo's desire to get out of their contract to focus on their music career.

The duo's third album Come in from the Rain (US #18, 1977) produced three singles: "Can't Stop Dancing" (US #13), the title track (US #61), and "Circles", which did not chart. A&M Records later released a Greatest Hits album (1977) which peaked at #55 on the US Top 200.

The duo released their fourth studio album Dream (US #131, 1978), although their first single "I'm on My Way" (US #74) failed to become a hit. However, their second single, and third Sedaka title, "You Never Done It Like That," fared much better at #10. A third single was "You Need a Woman Tonight" (US #40). Dream would be the last Captain and Tennille studio album released by A&M.

In 1979, Neil Bogart signed them to a contract on his Casablanca Records label. The album Make Your Move (US #23, 1979) rose much higher on the chart than the act's previous release, and the first single "Do That to Me One More Time" reached the summit on February 16, 1980, becoming their second #1 single. However, subsequent singles "Love on a Shoestring" (US #55) and "Happy Together (A Fantasy)" (US #53) only achieved minimal success.

Keeping Our Love Warm (1980) was the duo's second Casablanca release, and sixth studio album overall, but failed to crack the Top 200. The first single from this album, the title track, was performed live (although lip synced) during the 1980 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade.

During the duo's period of highest popularity, Tennille also worked as a session singer (most frequently partnered with the Beach Boys' Bruce Johnston), performing as a backing vocalist on the Elton John albums Caribou, Blue Moves, and 21 at 33 (some vocally arranged by Dragon) and most notably on the hit track "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me". She also appeared as a backing vocalist on tracks by Art Garfunkel and the Beach Boys, as well as Pink Floyd for whom she performed backing tracks on The Wall album.

In the liner notes of the Captain & Tennille anthology Ultimate Collection: The Complete Hits, Tennille explains how her work on Pink Floyd's album gained her at least one new fan:

Following a December 1979 pilot, from September 1980 to February 1981 Tennille hosted her own syndicated television talk show, The Toni Tennille Show.

1990s–2019

Throughout the 1990s, they continued to perform various concert dates at venues around the world, frequently at Harrah's Lake Tahoe and Harrah's Reno, which were located close to their home near Carson City, Nevada. One of their more notable appearances in that decade occurred when they played at the House of Blues on the Sunset Strip in Los Angeles in 1995, as part of their 20th anniversary as an act.

At the same time throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Tennille enjoyed a second career as a big band and pop standard singer, similar to pop colleague Linda Ronstadt. She performed with orchestras throughout the country and subsequently recorded several solo albums including Mirage Records' More Than You Know (1984), and All of Me on Gaia Records in 1987.

In 1999, on Cartoon Network, the duo made a guest appearance, interviewed by Harvey Birdman, rather than Space Ghost (who is sent to jail and breaks out) in an episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast.

Toni Tennille also enjoyed a year as the star of the Broadway tour of Victor/Victoria. At the end of that project, she and Dragon were to have embarked on a 25th anniversary tour; however, the stresses of the road proved too demanding and Captain & Tennille instead put an indefinite hold on their career as a performing duo. Nevertheless, Captain & Tennille's popularity remained evident in the release of their Ultimate Collection: The Complete Hits on Hip-O Records (a subsidiary of Universal Records) in 2001, and More Than Dancing... Much More, a 2002 compact disc. The latter contains what was originally their final album in 1982, More Than Dancing, which at that time was released only in Australia, and is combined with selected tracks from their 1995 20 Years of Romance, originally on K-Tel (re-recording of their songs, and cover versions of others), as well as five newly released tracks.

In November 2003, Tennille performed a benefit concert for the Reno, Nevada Chamber Orchestra, where her surprise guest was Dragon. It was the first time they had publicly performed as Captain & Tennille in many years. Their first live recording, An Intimate Evening with Toni Tennille, was released to commemorate the event.

In 2005, Brant Berry, the vice president of a small Portland, Oregon–based entertainment company, Respond 2 Entertainment (R2), signed an agreement with Captain & Tennille to release three projects. The first was the home video release of Captain & Tennille's 1976 variety series, on a three-disc DVD set containing 11 complete episodes with bonus musical tracks. Second, R2 re-released all six of their albums, both from the original A&M and Casablanca labels, on newly remastered CDs. Several of the CDs were previously available only in Japan. The new CDs, packaged both as individual CDs and in a box set, contained new liner notes written by Tennille.

Third, a new recording by Captain & Tennille was released—a three-song Christmas CD entitled Saving Up Christmas. This effort was followed by The Secret of Christmas released on Captain & Tennille's own label, Purebred Records, on November 1, 2006. It was Captain & Tennille's first complete original album produced in more than a decade, and their first-ever Christmas album.

Tennille returned to the UK airwaves and to club play when the band Bent sampled a small portion of her vocals from Captain & Tennille's 1979 track, "Love on a Shoestring" (from the album Make Your Move), into their "Magic Love" single in 2003. An Ashley Beedle remix of the single heightened the danceability of the original ambient track.

In October 2006, Cartoon Network's animated special Casper's Scare School was aired. The duo recorded two songs for the film, and voiced the dialog for the characters who sang the songs. Tennille portrayed Aunt Belle and the Captain was Uncle Murray, who together formed a two-head-on-one-body being known as the Ankle. The two songs they performed, "Why Does Love Make Me Feel So Good" and "World Without Fear," were written by Magnus Fiennes. Captain & Tennille's co-stars on the show included Phyllis Diller, James Belushi, Dan Castellaneta, and Bob Saget.

In 2007, three new DVDs were released of Captain & Tennille's ABC TV specials: Captain & Tennille in Hawaii, Captain & Tennille in New Orleans, and Captain & Tennille Songbook.

Dragon and Tennille spent most of the 1990s and 2000s living in the Carson City area of Nevada, where they had lived for more than fifteen years, and where Tennille served as Ambassador for the Arts for the state. In the mid-2000s, they temporarily took year-round residence at their second home, located in the Palm Springs area of Southern California. In 2008, they sold their home near Carson City, and built a house in Prescott, Arizona, where Tennille participates in the annual Prescott Jazz Summit.

Divorce
Tennille filed for divorce from Dragon in the State of Arizona on January 16, 2014, after 39 years of marriage. Dragon was unaware of the termination of his marriage until he was served with the divorce papers. The divorce documents referenced health insurance or health issues, and Tennille had written in her blog in 2010 that Dragon's neurological condition, known as essential tremor, was characterized by such extreme tremors that he could no longer play keyboards. Dragon later stated that some of his health problems were the result of errors in dosing his medication.

In 2016, Toni Tennille, Tennille's memoir (co-written with niece Caroline Tennille St. Clair), was published. In it, Tennille painted an unflattering picture of Dragon and their years together, writing that he was controlling and emotionally distant. "I can say without exaggeration that he showed no physical affection for me during our very long marriage," she wrote, claiming that the couple always slept in separate bedrooms.

Dragon's death
Dragon and Tennille remained close friends until his death from complications of kidney failure on January 2, 2019, in Prescott, Arizona. Tennille was at his side when he died.

Discography

Studio albums

Compilation albums
Source:

Singles

DVDs
The Ultimate Collection (2005)
The Christmas Show (2007)
Captain & Tennille in New Orleans (2007)
Captain & Tennille in Hawaii (2007)
Songbook (2007)

See also

 1976–77 United States network television schedule
 Captain & Tennille singles discography

Notes

References

External links
 Official site
 Toni Tennille's site
 1975 singles

 Toni Tennille returns to her Southern roots  – Montgomery Advertiser, April, 2016.

1972 establishments in California
2013 disestablishments in California
A&M Records artists
American pop music groups
American soft rock music groups
Grammy Award winners
Married couples
Musical duos from California
Male–female musical duos
Soft rock duos
Casablanca Records artists
Musical groups established in 1972
Musical groups disestablished in 2013

Captain & Tennille


O Campeonato Europeu de Halterofilismo de 1991 foi a 70ª edição do campeonato, sendo organizado pela Federação Europeia de Halterofilismo, em Władysławowo, na Polónia, entre 24 a 31 de maio de 1991. Foram disputadas 10 categorias com a presença de 127 halterofilistas de 21 nacionalidades. Também ocorreu a 4ª edição do Campeonato Europeu de Halterofilismo feminino, sendo organizado pela Federação Europeia de Halterofilismo, em Varna na Bulgária. A edição feminina contou com nove categorias.

Medalhistas

Masculino

Feminino

Quadro de medalhas

Quadro de medalhas no total combinado

Ligações externas
Site da Federação Europeia de Halterofilismo

1991
Europeu
Halterofilismo
Halterofilismo
Halterofilismo
Halterofilismo


An Liparis stenoglossa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni E.C.Parish ngan Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Liparis stenoglossa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Liparis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Liparis (Orchidaceae)

Liparis stenoglossa


Schmidt ist ein kleiner Einschlagkrater auf der Mondvorderseite am Rand des Mare Tranquillitatis, südlich von Ritter und westlich von Sabine.
Er ist schüsselförmig und kaum erodiert.

Der Krater wurde 1935 von der IAU nach dem deutschen Astronomen Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt, dem deutschen Optiker Bernhard Schmidt und dem russischen Astronomen Otto Juljewitsch Schmidt offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Schmidt auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)
Otto Juljewitsch Schmidt

Schmidt (Mondkrater)


بوبكر بن عامر أو القدية بلدية زراعية ريفية بولاية تكانت في موريتانيا.

تاريخ
وتسمى البلدية بأبو بكر بن عامر لأنه توفي بالقرب منها عام 480 هـ. وأهلها يمارسون الزراعة والرعي وقدعرف أهلها بالطب التقليدي أيضا.

أماكن مأهولة في موريتانيا
بلديات موريتانيا
مدن موريتانيا

بوبكر بن عامر


Stefan Kämmerling (* 25. März 1976 in Eschweiler) ist ein deutscher Politiker (SPD). Er war von 2012 bis 2022 und ist seit März 2023 Mitglied des Landtages von Nordrhein-Westfalen.

Leben und Beruf
Nach dem Besuch der Realschule Patternhof Eschweiler machte Kämmerling von 1992 bis 1995 eine Berufsausbildung zum Bankkaufmann bei der Sparkasse Aachen. Es folgte 1999 die Weiterbildung zum Sparkassenfachwirt an der Sparkassenakademie des Rheinischen Sparkassen- und Giroverbandes. Seit Annahme des Landtagsmandats im Mai 2012 ruht das Beschäftigungsverhältnis mit der Sparkasse Aachen.

Kämmerling ist verheiratet und lebt in Eschweiler.

Er ist unter anderem Mitglied von ver.di, AWO, der SGK und der Naturfreunde Internationale.

Politik
1998 trat Kämmerling in die SPD ein. Von 1999 bis 2003 war er Unterbezirksvorsitzender der Jusos im Kreis Aachen und von 2000 bis 2008 Pressesprecher des SPD-Unterbezirks Kreis Aachen unter dem damaligen Unterbezirksvorsitzenden Martin Schulz. 2002 absolvierte er die Kommunalakademie der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung in Bergneustadt und 2014 in Berlin die Führungsakademie der SPD. Nachdem er sich von 2003 bis 2008 als Pressesprecher des SPD-Stadtverbands Eschweiler engagierte, führte er diesen von 2008 bis 2016 als Stadtverbandsvorsitzender. Seit 2010 ist Kämmerling stv. Vorsitzender des SPD-Unterbezirks in der Städteregion Aachen (vormals SPD-Unterbezirk Kreis Aachen) und seit 2014 stv. Vorsitzender der SPD-Region Mittelrhein. Im September 2016 wurde er in den Landesvorstand der NRWSPD sowie im November 2016 in deren Präsidium gewählt.

Sein erstes kommunalpolitisches Engagement nahm er von 2000 bis 2004 als Sachkundiger Bürger im Planungs-, Umwelt- und Bauausschuss im Rat der Stadt Eschweiler wahr. Seit 2004 gehört Kämmerling als Ratsmitglied dem Rat der Stadt Eschweiler an.

Am 9. Mai 2010 kandidierte Kämmerling erstmals für den Landtag Nordrhein-Westfalen. Mit einem Erststimmenergebnis von 39,6 % verfehlte er den Einzug in den Landtag um 0,8 % bzw. 540 Stimmen. Am 13. Mai 2012 kandidierte Kämmerling nach der Auflösung des Landesparlaments erneut für den Landtag und gewann den Wahlkreis Aachen IV (bis 2010 Kreis Aachen II) direkt mit einem Erststimmenergebnis von 42,1 %.

In der 16. Wahlperiode des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen saß er von November 2015 dem Ausschuss für Kommunalpolitik vor und war Mitglied im Haushalts- und Finanzausschuss. Von Juli 2013 bis Januar 2016 übte er die Funktion des stellvertretenden Vorsitzenden des Parlamentarischen Untersuchungsausschuss II des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen aus, welcher die Fehlentwicklungen und den Niedergang der Westdeutschen Landesbank (WestLB) untersuchte.

Bei der Landtagswahl am 14. Mai 2017 gewann Kämmerling mit 38,6 % der Erststimmen zum zweiten Mal den Wahlkreis Aachen IV direkt.

Von Beginn der 17. Wahlperiode bis Juli 2018 war er Vorsitzender des Ausschusses für Heimat, Kommunales, Bauen und Wohnen. Den Vorsitz des Ausschusses für Heimat, Kommunales, Bauen und Wohnen des Landtags legte Kämmerling mit Wirkung vom 15. Juli 2018 nieder, weil er zum kommunalpolitischen Sprecher der SPD-Landtagsfraktion NRW gewählt worden war. Bis zum Ende der Legislaturperiode gehörte er dem Ausschuss für Wirtschaft, Energie und Landesplanung sowie dem Unterausschuss Bergbausicherheit an. Außerdem war Kämmerling Beauftragter der SPD-Landtagsfraktion NRW für den Strukturwandel im Rheinischen Revier.

Bei der Landtagswahl 2022 konnte er seinen Wahlkreis nicht erneut gewinnen und schied aus dem Landtag aus. Am 4. März 2023 rückte er für den ausgeschiedenen Abgeordneten Ibrahim Yetim in den Landtag nach, Kämmerling wurde am 9. März 2023 als Abgeordneter verpflichtet.

Weblinks

 Offizielle Internetseite: www.stefankaemmerling.de

 Porträt auf den Seiten der spd-fraktion-nrw.de
 Biografie auf den Seiten der Städteregion Aachen

Einzelnachweise

Landtagsabgeordneter (Nordrhein-Westfalen)
Politiker (Eschweiler)
Politiker (21. Jahrhundert)
SPD-Mitglied
Deutscher
Geboren 1976
Mann

Stefan Kämmerling


Cupressus revealiana er barrtré í Cupressaceae (Grátviðarætt), frá norðvestur Mexíkó (Baja California).

Tilvísanir

Barrtré

Cupressus revealiana


Cäthe (* 21. November 1982 in Staßfurt; bürgerlich Catharina Sieland), Eigenschreibweise CÄTHE, ist eine deutsche Liedermacherin und Sängerin.

Leben und Wirken
Als Catharina Sieland, Tochter eines Schmiedes, sieben Jahre alt war, reiste sie mit ihren Eltern und ihrem Bruder kurz nach der Wende aus der damaligen DDR nach Aalen in Baden-Württemberg aus. Mit zwölf bekam sie ihre erste Gitarre. Die vierzehnjährige Catharina gab ihr erstes Konzert in einer Kneipe namens Bobby Brown.

Sie lernte auf der Berufsfachschule für Musik in Dinkelsbühl. Bei Nebenjobs wie Crêpes verkaufen, Barjobs oder als Weihnachtsmann auf Flohmärkten führte ihr Weg sie über Mannheim nach Hamburg. Dort absolvierte sie an einer Hochschule einen mehrwöchigen Popkurs und zog 2005 ganz in die Hansestadt.

2011 gründete sie eine vierköpfige Begleitband. Ihre selbstgeschriebenen deutschen Texte haben oft einen autobiografischen Bezug.
Größere Bekanntheit erlangte sie durch ihren Auftritt bei Inas Nacht am 8. Oktober 2011. Von ihrem Auftritt wurde ihr Lied Ding zusammen mit neun weiteren Gastauftritten auf der Bonus-CD Inas kleine Nachtmusik mit Ina Müllers Album Ich bin die veröffentlicht. 2013 und 2015 war sie erneut bei Inas Nacht zu sehen. Es folgten Auftritte bei Harald Schmidt und im ZDF-Morgenmagazin.

Am 30. September 2011 erschien ihr erstes Album Ich muss gar nichts bei DEAG Music. Das Album erreichte Platz 56 der deutschen Albumcharts.
Am 24. Mai 2012 erhielt Cäthe den deutschen Musikautorenpreis der GEMA in der Kategorie Rock. 2013 ist sie Preisträgerin des Fred-Jay-Preises für deutschsprachige Liedtexter.
Am 11. und 12. September 2013 war sie Gast beim MTV Unplugged Projekt der Scorpions in Athen und sang mit Klaus Meine den Song In Trance.

Außerdem war sie 2016 eines der vier Jury-Mitglieder in der Castingshow Dein Song vom Fernsehsender KiKa.

Diskografie

Alben
 2011: Ich muss gar nichts (Erstveröffentlichung 30. September 2011)
 2013: Verschollenes Tier (Erstveröffentlichung 14. Juni 2013)
 2013: Cäthe Live – Direct 2 Disc Vinyl Session (Erstveröffentlichung 29. November 2013)
 2015: Vagabund (Erstveröffentlichung 2. Oktober 2015)
 2022: Chill Out Punk (Erstveröffentlichung 14. Januar 2022)

EPs
 2011: Señorita (Erstveröffentlichung 28. Januar 2011)

Singles
 2011: Unter meiner Haut (Erstveröffentlichung 19. August 2011)
 2011: Tiger Lilly (Erstveröffentlichung 30. September 2011)
 2012: Ding (Erstveröffentlichung 2. März 2012)
 2012: Bleib hier (Erstveröffentlichung 23. November 2012)
 2013: Tabula Rasa (Erstveröffentlichung 14. Juni 2013)
 2013: Mein Herz mit dir bin ich frei (Erstveröffentlichung 29. November 2013)
 2014: Hoch oben nah dem Sturm (Erstveröffentlichung: 28. März 2014)
 2015: Hallelujah (Erstveröffentlichung: 18. September 2015)
 2019: So bin ich (Erstveröffentlichung: 10. Mai 2019)

Weblinks

 Website von Cäthe

 Interview bei Deutsche Mugge

Einzelnachweise

Liedermacher
Pseudonym
Person (Staßfurt)
Deutscher
DDR-Bürger
Geboren 1982
Frau

Cäthe


Die Straße Am Pletzerturm in der Kreisstadt Düren (Nordrhein-Westfalen) ist eine alte historische Innerortsstraße.

Lage

Die Straße führt von der Waisenhausstraße zur Kölnstraße. Auf der östlichen Straßenseite steht der denkmalgeschützte Pletzergassenturm.

Die Straße lag früher innerhalb der Dürener Stadtbefestigung. Das Gebäude der Hauptpost steht im Einmündungsbereich in die Kölnstraße.

Geschichte

Die Pletzergasse wurde bereits 1355 erwähnt und führte damals von der Oberstraße in östlicher Richtung bis zum ehemaligen Jesuitenkolleg, bog dann im rechten Winkel zur Kölnstraße ab. Über die Namensherkunft besteht Uneinigkeit. Einmal wird Pletzer von Plei, einem Platz, der an der Straße lag, abgeleitet, zum anderen wird der Name auf Pletzer (minderwertiges Fleisch, Wurst aus Fleischabfällen) zurückgeführt.

Die damalige Pletzergasse wurde im parallel zur Hohenzollernstraße verlaufenden Stück beim Wiederaufbau nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg in Am Pletzerturm benannt. Die Umbenennung erfolgte durch Stadtratsbeschluss vom 28. Mai 1951.

Literatur

 Josef Geuenich: Die Dürener Straßennamen, Düren 1965, herausgegeben von der Stadt Düren und dem Dürener Geschichtsverein

Siehe auch

 Liste der Straßen in Düren

Weblinks

 Straßenliste auf der Webseite der Stadt Düren (PDF-Datei; 56 kB)

Urbaner Freiraum in Düren
Straße in Düren

Am Pletzerturm (Düren)


John Patrick McCarthy  (born 27 November 1956) is a British journalist, writer and broadcaster, and one of the hostages in the Lebanon hostage crisis. McCarthy was the United Kingdom's longest-held hostage in Lebanon, where he was a prisoner for more than five years.

Career
He attended Lochinver House School, then Haileybury and Imperial Service College, Hertfordshire, and read American Studies at the University of Hull.

McCarthy was a journalist working for United Press International Television News at the time of his kidnap by Islamic Jihad terrorists in Lebanon. He had recently arrived in Beirut when on 17 April 1986, two days after USAF airstrikes on Libya, WTN ordered him to leave. He was being escorted to the airport when a group of gunmen intercepted his car. He was held in captivity until release on 8 August 1991. He shared a cell with the Irish hostage Brian Keenan for several years. While a prisoner, he learned that his girlfriend, Jill Morrell, was actively campaigning for his release, launching a group called "Friends of John McCarthy".

By the time of McCarthy's release, his mother Sheila had died of cancer, unaware of his fate. Following his release, he co-wrote, with Morrell, a memoir of his years in captivity, entitled Some Other Rainbow. Their relationship ended four years later, and he married Anna Ottewill, a photographer, on 16 April 1999. They have a daughter.

In 1995 John McCarthy sailed around the coast of Britain with Sandi Toksvig, making a BBC documentary TV series, Island Race, and a book of the experience. McCarthy had attended university with Toksvig's brother, Nick. He co-presented the BBC Radio 4 programme Excess Baggage, also with Sandi Toksvig. On 29 March 2014, McCarthy hosted the ceremony for the "I Do To Equal Marriage" event which celebrated the introduction of same-sex marriage in England and Wales. Toksvig renewed her vows to her civil partner at the event.

Honours and affiliations
McCarthy is a Patron of Freedom from Torture (formerly the Medical Foundation for the Care of Victims of Torture), and has been awarded an honorary D.Litt. from his alma mater, the University of Hull, where a students' union bar (now an ice cream parlour) is named after him.

He was awarded a CBE in the 1992 New Year Honours List.

Media references
The set of Series 1 of Drop the Dead Donkey, first aired in 1990, included a copy of a "Wanted" poster with McCarthy's photograph released during the campaign on his behalf. It is displayed on the wall in the news room and is frequently in shot, but not mentioned in the programme.
The 1993 HBO film Hostages, starring Colin Firth as McCarthy, was a fictionalised account of the Lebanon hostage crisis.
A critically acclaimed film version of his and Keenan's kidnapping and incarceration was made in 2003. Titled Blind Flight, the British film was directed by John Furse starring Ian Hart as Keenan and Linus Roache as McCarthy.
In 2006 McCarthy collaborated with the composer Adam Gorb and the librettist Ben Kaye to create Thoughts Scribbled on a Blank Wall, an exploration of the mental torture he underwent during his long incarceration. Commissioned by JAM (John Armitage Memorial), the work premiered in Fleet Street to critical acclaim in 2007 and was described by BBC Radio 3's Sean Rafferty as "Powerful stuff. A protest Cantata, the first of a genre." Thoughts Scribbled on a Blank Wall was scheduled for CD release in 2011.
The Stiff Little Fingers song Beirut Moon was inspired by McCarthy's ordeal. It criticized the government for not acting to free him and was subsequently withdrawn from sale.
A major Sky Arts series, Art of Faith, presented by McCarthy, was broadcast in 2008. The series, produced by Illuminations, was an exploration of the art and architecture of Islam, Christianity and Judaism. In 2009, production of a follow-up series of Art of Faith began, featuring Buddhism, Hinduism and religions of the Tao.

Books

Books about McCarthy
An Evil Cradling; by Brian Keenan (McCarthy is a main character) Penguin Books

See also
 Lebanese Civil War
 Lebanon hostage crisis
 Le Commodore Hotel Beirut
 List of kidnappings
 Terry Waite

References

External links
BBC: Beirut hostage John McCarthy freed
 John McCarthy Official Website Corporate Speaking
 Bio at Jeremy Hicks Associates

1956 births
1980s missing person cases
Alumni of the University of Hull
BBC World Service presenters
British male journalists
British people taken hostage
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
English male non-fiction writers
Foreign hostages in Lebanon
Formerly missing people
Journalists from Kingston upon Hull
Kidnappings by Islamists
Living people
Missing person cases in Lebanon
People educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College
People educated at Lochinver House School
People from Hertfordshire
Place of birth missing (living people)

John McCarthy (journalist)


Les kératinases sont des enzymes protéolytiques qui digèrent la kératine.

Histoire et nomenclature
Elles ont été initialement classées comme « protéinases de mécanisme inconnu » par le Comité de Nomenculture de l'Union internationale de biochimie (NC-IUBMB) en 1978 avec le numéro EC 3.4.99 en 1983 (Owen et al., 1983). Dans les années 1990, elles étaient définies comme une protéase à sérine en raison de leur homologie de séquence élevée avec la protéase alcaline et de leur inhibition par les inhibiteurs de protéase (Wang et al., 1995 ; Taha et al., 1998 et Bressollier et al., 1999).

Fonction
Les kératinases ne sont produites qu'en présence de substrat enzymatique contenant de la kératine. Elles attaquent principalement la liaison disulfure (-SS-) du substrat kératinique. La production de kératinase a été signalée dans divers micro-organismes, notamment des champignons et des bactéries, et se produit à un pH presque alcalin et à des températures thermophiles. Ces enzymes ont une large spécificité de substrat, dégradant les protéines fibreuses telles que la fibrine, l'élastine et le collagène, et les protéines non fibreuses telles que la caséine, l'albumine de sérum bovin et la gélatine (Noval et al., 1959 ; Mukhapadhayay et al., 1989 ; Dozie et al., 1994 ; Lin et al., 1995 ; Letourneau et al., 1998 ; et Bressollier et al., 1999). Les études d'inhibition de la protéase avec les enzymes des souches B. licheniformis et B. subtilis MZK-7 ont démontré que l'enzyme était une protéase à sérine tandis que celle de B. borstenlensis MZK-6 et de deux souches du groupe B. cereus se sont révélées être des protéases neutres.

La protéinase DSM 40530 purifiée de Streptomyces pactum est dans l'étude de Böckle et al., significativement plus active que les diverses protéinases disponibles dans le commerce, sur un échantillon de plumes de poulet. Après incubation avec la protéinase, une désintégration rapide de plumes entières a été observée. Mais même après plusieurs jours d'incubation avec addition répétée d'enzymes, moins de 10 % du substrat kératinique natif était solubilisé. En présence de dithiothréitol, la dégradation est supérieure à 70 %.

Distribution
Dans un premier temps Molyneux et al. (1959) ont tenté d'isoler certaines bactéries capables de dégrader la kératine. Il a isolé des organismes du contenu de kystes dermoïdes induits expérimentalement de la région latérale médiane de moutons. L'examen d'un échantillon de laine a montré une laine dégradée avec de nombreuses cellules corticoles et cyticulaires. Il a découvert une perturbation de la fibre de laine à la fois in vivo et in vitro. Il montra que les organismes appartenaient au genre Bacillus et que l'organisme était capable d'attaquer les protéines de laine indigènes. La même année Noval et al. (1959) ont publié un autre article sur la décomposition enzymatique de la kératine native par Streptomyces fradiae. Ils ont montré une enzyme extracellulaire sécrétée par ces bactéries capable de dégrader le cheveu humain à son état natif.

Des protéines kératinolytiques de champignons kératinophiles ont été rapportées par Yu et al. (1968), Asahi et al. (1985) et Willams et al. (1989). Mukhopadhay et al. (1989) ont rapporté la production de kératinase par Streptomyces sp. Il a isolé une enzyme homogène extracellulaire inductible, qui montre une augmentation de 7,5 fois de son activité après chromatographie sur colonne DEAE de cellulose. L'activité enzymatique a été inhibée par le glutathion réduit, le PMSF et le 2-¬Mercaptaéthanol.

Williams et al. (1990) a poursuivi ses travaux sur la culture enrichie de dégradation des plumes et a caractérisé l'organisme au niveau de son espèce pour la première fois. Les micro-organismes ont été identifiés comme étant des Bacillus licheniformis ; la kératinase purifiée et caractérisée à partir de la souche Bacillus licheniformis dégradant les plumes isolée par Williams et al. (1990) à l'aide de l'ultrafiltration sur membrane et de la chromatographie sur gel C-75. Il a purifié l'enzyme avec une activité 70 fois plus élevée. L'analyse SDS-PAGE a révélé que la kératinase purifiée avait un poids moléculaire de 33 kDa. Dozie et al. (1994) ont rapporté une protéinase kératinolytique thermostable, alcalino-active de Chrysosporium keratinophylum qui était capable de solubiliser la kératine dans un milieu lactose-sel minéral avec du DMSO. Le pH optimal pour l' activité enzymatique était de 9 et la température optimale était de . Wang et al. (1999) ont augmenté les conditions de fermentation de la kératinase à un fermenteur à l'échelle pilote. Ils ont optimisé les conditions de fermentation à un niveau de production d'enzymes multiplié par 10.

Applications industrielles
Les protases habituelles ne sont pas efficaces dans l'hydrolyse des déchets kératiniques récalcitrants et riches en protéines qui entraînent une pollution de l'environnement et des risques pour la santé. La recherche de micro-organismes kératinolytiques ayant la capacité d'hydrolyser les déchets kératiniques « difficiles à dégrader » a donc abouti à de nombreuses applications. Les kératinases ont l'avantage de lyser ces protéines et se retrouvent dans de nombreuses applications, telles que l'action nématicides, la production d'engrais azotés à partir de déchets kératiniques, l'alimentation animale et la production de biocarburants. Les kératinases ont également remplacé les autres protéases dans l'industrie du cuir et l'application d'additifs détergents en raison de leurs meilleures performances. Elles se sont également avérées efficaces dans la dégradation des protéines prions.

L'utilisation de la biomasse des déchets kératiniques, tels que les plumes et les poils de poulet comme substrat de fermentation est devenu de la sorte rentable. Elle a un faible coût et permet un double objectif : réduire le coût de fermentation pour la production d'enzymes ainsi que réduire la charge de déchets dans l'environnement. Les kératinisases améliorent les technologies de développement durable.

Références

EC 3.4.21

Enzymologie
Enzyme

Kératinase


The Manchester Storm were an ice hockey team from Manchester, England. The team formed in 1995, playing their home games at the then newly built NYNEX Arena, but they folded during the 2002–03 season.

Early success

Storm won the British Hockey League Division One in their first season, watched by an average crowd of 6,342.  Success in the end of season promotion/relegation play-offs followed, resulting in Storm being promoted to the Premier Division of the British Hockey League. However, Britain's league structure was changed in 1996, with the formation of the Ice Hockey Superleague, of which the Manchester team were a founder member. This was alongside Ayr Scottish Eagles, Basingstoke Bison, Bracknell Bees, Cardiff Devils, Newcastle Riverkings, Nottingham Panthers and Sheffield Steelers. The highs of the inaugural season weren't matched in season 2 though, and Storm finished a disappointing seventh in the league. This led to the sacking of coach John Lawless.

American Kurt Kleinendorst was brought in for the 1997–98 season and he completely changed the face of the playing staff. There were 12 new faces on the 19 strong roster when the season started and they went on to make history for a British club in the European Hockey League. As well as holding Dynamo Moscow to a regulation time draw (losing 2–3 in overtime), they beat Sparta Prague home and away — winning 7–0 at home and 4–3 in the Czech capital.

Storm hold the record for the largest ice hockey attendance at a UK league game, set on 23 February 1997, when 17,245 people watched a match against Sheffield Steelers. At the time, this was also a European record. The record for the largest attendance at any ice hockey game in the UK is 17,551 at The O2 arena (London) on 30 September 2007 for an NHL game between the Los Angeles Kings and the Anaheim Ducks.

The end of an era

Manchester Storm folded in 2002 during the 2002–03 season when the costs of running the team out of the Manchester Arena, and at the top level of British hockey, could not be supported by ticket revenue and sponsorship. The then owners SMG who also ran the arena sold the team to Manchester businessman in full knowledge they did not want ice hockey in the arena then following Sky TVs pulling out of its contract to show live games this meant sponsors pulled out, with no live games and no sponsors and an Arena who didn't want ice hockey in the building  owner Gary Cowan had no option other than to put the team into receivership. Later on during the same season Ayr Scottish Eagles also folded.

A supporters group was formed following the collapse of Manchester Storm and launched a new team called the Manchester Phoenix the following season.

Return of the Storm

In June 2015, following the departure of the Manchester Phoenix from the Altrincham Ice Dome due to a dispute with the current owners, it was announced a new team would be based at the rink using the Manchester Storm name. The newly formed Storm would replace the folded Hull Stingrays in the EIHL from the start of the 2015–16 season.

Past managers/head coaches

 John Lawless 1995–97
 Kurt Kleinendorst 1997–2000
 Terry Christensen 2000–01
 Daryl Lipsey 2001–02
 Rob Wilson 2001–02 (assistant)

Honours
Superleague Winners 1998–99
Benson and Hedges Cup Winners (former Autumn Cup) 1999–2000
First Team All-Stars
1997–98 Kris Miller, Craig Woodcroft
1998–99 Frank Pietrangelo, Troy Neumeier
Second Team All-Stars
1998–99 Kris Miller, Jeff Tomlinson, Jeff Jablonski
2000–01 Greg Bullock

Two Team Players
Players who have featured for both the Manchester Phoenix and the Manchester Storm in league fixtures;

Footnotes

External links
Official web history of the team
The official archive of the Manchester Storm video wall movies

Defunct ice hockey teams in the United Kingdom
Ice hockey teams in England
History of sport in Manchester
Ice hockey clubs established in 1995
Sports clubs and teams disestablished in 2002

Manchester Storm (1995–2002)


Mihovil Tomandl (Brčko, 1894. – Pančevo, 21. svibnja 1963.), vojvođanski odvjetnik, novinar, publicist, povjesničar i kulturni djelatnik. Mnoge su njegove zasluge za Pančevo. Hrvat po nacionalnosti, ali je Pančevu posvetio cijeli karijeru i život. Pančevu je osobito pridonio knjižničarstvu, arhivistici i historiografiji.

Životopis
Rodio se u Brčkom od oca Josipa i majke Katarine rođ. Pletenac. Obitelj mu se preselila u Pančevo 1909. godine. U Zemunu je pohađao gimnaziju. Djelovao i kao novinar. Još kao mlada gimnazijalca privukli su ga novinarstvo i publicistika te je tad objavio brojne napise za različite listove. Ratovi su mu prekidali karijeru, no ni to ga nije spriječilo pridonijeti narodu s kojim se srodio. U prvome svjetskom ratu bio je zarobljen u Aradu, poslije na talijanskom bojištu. Uređivao je tjednik Pančevac i novine Narodna sloga, primjerci kojih se čuvaju u gradskoj knjižnici u Pančevu. Studirao pravo u Beču i Zagrebu, gdje je 1923. stekao naslov doktora pravnih znanosti. Poslije studija vratio se u Pančevo. U međuratnom razdoblju bio je pravnik. Zaposlio se na Okružnom i Osnovnom sudu. Pravničku karijeru nastavio je kao odvjetnik. Nije zaboravio sunarodnjake Hrvate u južnome Banatu. U tjedniku Pančevac od 11. srpnja 1920. godine na prvoj stranici objavio je latinični tekst pod nazivom Naši Šokci u kojemu je spomenuo Hrvate iz Starčeva, Neuzine, Glogonja i Opova, naglasivši potrebu pružiti im pomoć u prilagodbi novim društvenim uvjetima. 1930-te je počeo radeći i znanstveno istraćivajući glazbene i kazališne teme. Pisao je o političkoj i kulturnoj povijesti Vojvodine od XVIII. do XX. stoljeća. Većinom je pisao o Pančevu i Novom Sadu. Aktivirao se u političkom životu. U svezi sa Somborskom rezolucijom, održana je konferencija u Novom Sadu na kojoj je donesena 28. prosinca 1932. Novosadska rezolucija. Tekst Rezolucije nije objavljen sve do 1935. godine, kad je osnovana Vojvođanska fronta. Tomandl je nazočio toj konferenciji. Predstavnici vojvođanskih HSS-ovaca inzistirali su da Zagrebačka rezolucija bude osnova pri izradi rezolucije s ovog sastanka, dr Žarko Jakšić predložio je organiziranje Vojvođanske stranke koja bi se bavila pravim vojvođanskim političkim interesima, a prijedlogu su se pridružili su se i dr D. Popović, dr V. Stanković i dr M. Tomandl. U drugome svjetskom ratu bio je u logoru "Svilara" u Pančevu. Nakon rata svjedočio o nacističkim zločinima nad spomenicima kulture u Pančevu. Poslije drugoga svjetskog rata radio je u Upravi narodnih dobara. Onamo su od svakamo stizali brojni predmeti. Njegovom zaslugom spriječio je da vrijedni predmeti ne završe na pogrešnim mjestima, nego ih je proslijedio kamo treba, u muzej Pančeva. Pančevu i Srbiji ostavio je brojne dragocjene knjige. Bavio se povijesnom znanošću i pokazao se kao izvrsni povjesničar. Pridonio čuvanju pančevske kulturne baštine (autora autora Srđana Božovića i Damira Prašnikara i dr.). Od 1944. do 1953. čelnik Gradske knjižnice u Pančevu koju je postavio na suvremene temelje. 1953. i 1954. bio je kao upravnik Gradske državne arhive, gdje je kao arhivist i stručni suradnik djelovao do umirovljenja. Aktivirao se i u političkom životu. Umro je u Pančevu.

Pokopan je na pančevskom katoličkom groblju. Udruga banatskih Hrvata iz Zrenjanina uvrstila ga je na listu godišnjica hrvatskih velikana u 2018. godini koju je pripremio Zavod za kulturu vojvođanskih Hrvata. Priredbe kojim se obilježava ta obljetnica realiziraju se uz pomoć Središnjeg državnog ureda za Hrvate izvan Republike Hrvatske.

Djela
Napisao je više knjiga, od kojih su najznačajnija:
 Dr. Svetislav Kasapinović
 Život i rad Konstantina Peičića
 Pančevo za vreme Prvog svetskog rata 1914. – 1918.
 Vojvoda Stevan Šupljikac kao komandant srpskih vojnih snaga u Vojvodini 1848. godine
 Statističko – topografski opis vojne komune Pančevo i dr.
 Spomenica pančevačkog srpskog crkvenog pevačkog društva od 1838. do 1938. godine

. Jedna od njegovih najobimnijih studija Spomenica Pančevačkog srpskog crkvenog pevačkog društva 1838. – 1938. objavljena je u povodu stote obljetnice ovog crkvenog zbora. U njezinu uvodu Milan Ćurčin odaje priznanje Tomandlu kao Hrvatu-katoliku i »kulturnom sinu našega naroda« koji je tada bio inicijatorom proslave i glavnim priređivačem spomenute monografije.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Maxportal SUSJEDI SE RASPISALI: "Ovo je Hrvat kojeg bi svi Srbi trebali voljeti
WorldCat
Zavod za kulturu vojvođanskih Hrvata  Hrvatska riječ (S. Darabašić): U Pančevu obilježeno 55 godina od smrti dr. Mihovila Tomandla, 14. lipnja 2018.

Vojvođanski Hrvati
Hrvati u Bosni i Hercegovini
Hrvatski pravnici
Hrvatski publicisti iz Vojvodine
Hrvatski novinari iz Vojvodine
Hrvatski povjesničari
Životopisi, Brčko
Arhivisti
Knjižničari

Mihovil Tomandl


Demba Sanyang ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Demba Sanyang (Seyfo) († 2018), gambischer Paramount chief
 Demba Sanyang (Fußballspieler) (* 1987), gambischer Fußballspieler

Demba Sanyang


O Valadouro, İspanya'nın on yedi özerk bölgesinden, ülkenin kuzeybatı köşesinde bulunan Galiçya otonom (özerk) bölgesine bağlı dört eyaletten biri olan Lugo'ya bağlı 67 belediyeden biridir. O Valadouro belediyesinin nüfusu, 2005 yılı nüfus sayımlarına göre 2.268 kişidir.

Lugo'daki belediyeler

O Valadouro


Marie-Chantal, Crown Princess of Greece, Princess of Denmark (; born Marie-Chantal Claire Miller; 17 September 1968), is the wife of Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, son of Constantine II of Greece (1940–2023) and Anne-Marie of Denmark. Marie-Chantal's husband was the heir apparent to the now defunct throne of Greece, as the monarchy was abolished in 1973.

Early life
Marie-Chantal Miller was born in London, England, to Robert Warren Miller, an American-born British businessman, and his wife María Clara "Chantal" Pesantes Becerra, an Ecuadorian. She has an older sister, Pia, ex-wife of Christopher Getty, and a younger sister, Alexandra, ex-wife of Prince Alexander von Fürstenberg. She was baptized in the Catholic faith at St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City by the Archbishop of New York, John Cardinal O'Connor, with Princess Donatella Missikoff Flick serving as her godmother.

Marie-Chantal was raised in Hong Kong where she attended The Peak School until she was 9 years old when she went to board at Institut Le Rosey in Switzerland. In 1982, she transferred to the Ecole Active Bilingue in Paris until her senior year which she took at The Masters School in New York. After graduating, she attended the Academy of Arts for one year. She began a degree in History of Art at New York University in 1993 but dropped out a year later after Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, proposed to her on a skiing holiday in Gstaad, Switzerland, at Christmas.

Marriage

In 1994, Marie-Chantal became engaged to Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, son of the deposed King Constantine II and Queen Anne Marie. She converted from Roman Catholicism to Greek Orthodoxy taking the Greek name María on 22 May 1995 in a private Chrismation (confirmation) ceremony held at St Paul's Chapel in New York. Her engagement ring was a cabochon-cut sapphire and heart-shaped diamond ring. The wedding was planned by Lady Elizabeth Anson and Robert Isabell. Marie-Chantal wore a Valentino dress. The ceremony was held on 1 July 1995 at St Sophia's Cathedral in London. Attendees included many members of European royal families.

The couple have five children:
Princess Maria-Olympia (born 25 July 1996 at Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City),
Prince Constantine-Alexios (born 29 October 1998 at Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City),
Prince Achileas-Andreas (born 12 August 2000 at Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City),
Prince Odysseus-Kimon (born 17 September 2004 at Portland Hospital in London),
Prince Aristidis-Stavros (born 29 June 2008 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles).

Career
In 2000, Marie-Chantal founded the luxury childrenswear brand Marie-Chantal. In 2019, she published the book Manners Begin at Breakfast: Modern etiquette for families. She is a trustee of the Royal Academy Trust and a board director of DFS Group Ltd.

Notable published works
 Manners Begin at Breakfast: Modern etiquette for families (2019).

References

External links

1968 births
Living people
Alumni of Institut Le Rosey
Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Roman Catholicism
Greek princesses
Danish princesses
Danish people of American descent
Danish people of English descent
Princesses by marriage
House of Glücksburg (Greece)
Artists from London
English socialites
English people of Ecuadorian descent
English people of American descent
English people of Greek descent
English people of Danish descent
English Eastern Orthodox Christians
British expatriates in Hong Kong
English expatriates in the United States
New York University alumni
British designers
Miller family
Children's clothing designers
Greek expatriates in Switzerland
The Masters School people

Marie-Chantal, Crown Princess of Greece


An Eremurus zangezuricus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni A.D. Mikheev. An Eremurus zangezuricus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eremurus, ngan familia nga Xanthorrhoeaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eremurus

Eremurus zangezuricus


Arena fue una compañía discográfica chilena, fundada por el productor musical Camilo Fernández inicialmente bajo el nombre de Demon en 1962. Sus discos se encuentran actualmente descatalogados en su mayoría, siendo buscados por coleccionistas.

Su primer álbum fue el LP The Ramblers (1962) del grupo Los Ramblers, que incluye el famoso tema El rock del Mundial, inspirado en el Mundial de fútbol de 1962 celebrado en Chile. Además es el sello que acogió los álbumes debut como solistas de los cantautores de la Nueva Canción Chilena Ángel Parra y Víctor Jara, titulados, respectivamente,  Ángel Parra y su guitarra (1965) y Víctor Jara'' (1966).

Su nombre cambió por el de Arena entre 1966 y 1967.

Referencias

Discográficas de Chile
Empresas fundadas en 1962
Empresas desaparecidas de Chile

Arena (sello discográfico)


Le Korfbal est présent aux Jeux mondiaux depuis 1985.

Palmarès

Mixte

Bilan par nation

Voir aussi

Références

Articles connexes
 Korfbal aux Jeux olympiques
 Championnat du monde de korfbal

Compétition de korfbal
Épreuve aux Jeux mondiaux

Korfbal aux Jeux mondiaux


Frederick Hasselborough (? - 4 de noviembre de 1810), cuyo apellido también se escribe Hasselburgh y Hasselburg, fue un cazador de focas australiano, natural de Sídney, que descubrió la isla Campbell (4 de enero de 1810) y la isla Macquarie (11 de julio de 1810).

Notas

Enlaces externos

Marinos de Australia
Exploradores de Australia
Personas de Sídney

Frederick Hasselborough


A crash cover is a philatelic term for a type of cover (including the terms air accident cover, interrupted flight cover, wreck cover), meaning an envelope or package that has been recovered from an air crash, train wreck, shipwreck or other accident. Crash covers are a type of interrupted mail.

Crashes of flights carrying airmail were a regular occurrence from the earliest days of mail transport by air. In many cases of aircraft crashes, train wreck and shipwrecks, it was possible to recover some or even all of the mail being carried, with perhaps some charring around the edges of some pieces if there had been a fire, or water damage from flying boat crashes or shipwrecks. In such cases, the authorities typically apply a postal marking (cachet), label, or mimeograph that gets affixed to the cover explaining the delay and damage to the recipient, and possibly enclose the letter in an "ambulance cover" or "body bag" if it was badly damaged and then send it to its intended destination.

Aviation-related crash covers are a specialized collecting area of aerophilately and are much-prized items of postal history, because they are generally rare, but as tangible artifacts of often-tragic accidents they have a story to tell. The 367 covers salvaged from the Hindenburg disaster are especially desirable, with prices ranging from US$10,000 and up; a cover at the Corinphila auction in May 2001 realized 85,000 Swiss francs (US$75,000).

The American Air Mail Society has a Crash Cover Committee specializing in the study of crash covers. There is also a Wreck & Crash Mail Society, whose members collect all types of crash and wreck covers.

References and sources
Notes

Sources

External links

 American Air Mail Society
 Collecting Air Crash Covers - Metropolitan Air Post Society
 Hindenburg disaster covers United States National Postal Museum
 Hindenburg Crash Mail - the Scout Covers
 The Wreck & Crash Mail Society

Philatelic terminology
Postal history
Disasters

Crash cover


R. c. Kang-Brown  est un arrêt de principe de la Cour suprême du Canada rendu en 2008 concernant les limites des pouvoirs des agents de la paix en matière de fouilles, perquisitions et saisies.

Les faits
Le 25 janvier 2002, vers 11 h, à la gare routière de Calgary, en Alberta, trois policiers ont participé à une opération spéciale conçue pour détecter les passeurs de drogue.

Tout en observant un autobus arriver à la gare, ils ont aperçu l'accusé, Gurmakh Kang-Brown, débarquant du bus Greyhound de Vancouver toute la nuit. L'accusé a jeté un long regard aux policiers. Les agents ont trouvé le comportement de l'accusé suspect, l'ont arrêté et lui ont demandé s'il transportait des stupéfiants. L'accusé a dit non.

Ensuite, l'un des policiers a demandé à regarder dans le sac de l'accusé. L'accusé a déposé son sac et a ouvert la fermeture éclair. Lorsque l'accusé a ouvert la fermeture éclair du sac, l'agent est allé toucher le sac. L'accusé l'a retiré, l'air nerveux. L'agent a fait signe à un autre agent de demander à un chien renifleur de drogue de renifler le sac de l'homme. Le chien a indiqué la présence de drogue dans le sac.

Les agents ont arrêté l'accusé pour possession et trafic de drogues, l'ont fouillé et ont trouvé de la drogue sur lui et dans son sac.

Procès
Au procès, le juge a conclu que l'accusé n'avait été ni détenu ni fouillé illégalement et que les odeurs du sac, qui émanait librement d'un service de transport en commun, ne constituaient pas une information dans laquelle l'accusé avait une attente raisonnable en matière de vie privée. Par conséquent, l'article 8 de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés n'était pas en cause.

Appel
En appel, la Cour d'appel de l'Alberta a convenu avec le juge de première instance qu'il n'y avait pas eu de détention et que la question était de savoir si le citoyen ordinaire qui n'a commis aucune infraction a une attente raisonnable en matière de vie privée qui serait gravement atteinte par l'action policière en question . Pour déterminer si l'accusé avait une attente raisonnable en matière de vie privée, les facteurs suivants ont été pris en considération :

que la police était dans un lieu purement public (pas dans la cour d'une maison)
que le chien n'a livré qu'une information grossière (oui ou non à la présence d'une quantité inconnue d'une drogue illégale inconnue)
qu'aucun détail intime de la vie privée ne pouvait être révélé
que les odeurs sortaient passivement
et qu'elles ont été détectées par quelque chose de similaire (mais plus sensible que) un nez humain ordinaire.

La Cour a conclu qu'il n'y avait aucune attente raisonnable de confidentialité pour ces informations limitées dans ce lieu public et qu'il n'y avait pas eu de perquisition. Il a convenu avec le juge de première instance que même s'il y avait eu violation de la Charte, la preuve ne devrait pas être écartée en vertu de l'article 24(2) de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés.

L'accusé a fait appel jugement en Cour suprême.

Questions en litige
Les questions suivantes ont été soumises à la Cour :

L'utilisation d'un chien renifleur constitue-t-elle une fouille?
Dans l'affirmative, la perquisition est-elle raisonnable?
Si fouille est abusive et les droits de l'appelant ont été violés, la preuve devrait-elle être écartée en vertu de l'art. 24(2) de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés?
Les pouvoirs de common law de la police pour enquêter sur les crimes incluent-ils l'utilisation de chiens renifleurs?

Jugement de la Cour suprême
Le pourvoi de Gurmakh Kang‑Brown est accueilli.

Motifs du jugement
La Cour a conclu que la police n'a pas le droit d'effectuer une fouille à l'aide d'un chien renifleur (d'utiliser des chiens pour effectuer des fouilles aléatoires) dans les espaces publics lorsqu'une telle fouille n'est pas spécifiquement autorisée par la loi. Dans cette affaire, les droits d'un suspect en vertu de l'article 8 de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés (la « Charte ») ont été violés lorsqu'un policier l'a arrêté à une gare routière et qu'un chien renifleur a fouillé son sac pour trouver de la drogue en sa possession.

Les neuf juges sont convenus que le chien renifleur du sac du passager à la gare routière équivalait à une fouille au sens de l'article 8 de la Charte.

La juge en chef McLachlin et les juges Binnie, LeBel, Fish, Abella et Charron sont convenus que la fouille par un chien renifleur du sac du passager à la gare routière violait l'article 8 de la Charte et que, dans les circonstances de la présente affaire, la preuve devrait être écartée conformément à l'article 24(2) de la Charte.

Selon les juges LeBel, Fish, Abella et Charon, la fouille par un chien renifleur a enfreint l'article 8 parce qu'une telle fouille n'était pas expressément autorisée par la loi. Lorsqu'il s'agit de déterminer si la police était autorisée en common law à effectuer la fouille dans le cadre de son obligation générale d'enquêter sur un crime, le seuil d'exercice des pouvoirs de police ne devrait pas être abaissé à celui de « soupçon raisonnable », car cela porterait atteinte aux garanties importantes énoncées à l'article 8 contre l'intrusion injustifiée de l'État. La norme existante et bien établie des « motifs raisonnables et probables » devrait être appliquée. Dans ce cas, la fouille n'a pas satisfait à cette norme.

Selon la juge en chef McLachlin et le juge Binnie, un juste équilibre entre les droits d'un individu en vertu de l'article 8 et les exigences raisonnables de l'application de la loi serait atteint en autorisant de telles fouilles « renifleurs » sur la base d'un « soupçon raisonnable » sans nécessiter d'autorisation judiciaire préalable.

Norme de soupçon raisonnable
Le « soupçon » est une attente selon laquelle la personne ciblée est peut-être engagée dans une activité criminelle. Un soupçon « raisonnable » signifie quelque chose de plus qu'un simple soupçon et quelque chose de moins qu'une croyance fondée sur des motifs raisonnables et probables. Étant donné que les fouilles des chiens renifleurs sont effectuées sans autorisation judiciaire préalable, l'examen judiciaire après coup des motifs du prétendu « soupçon raisonnable » doit être rigoureux.

En l'espèce, l'action policière était fondée sur la spéculation. Le reniflement dans ce cas était une fouille abusive puisque l'agent de la GRC n'avait aucun motif de soupçon raisonnable au moment où le chien a été appelé. Cependant, en raison de l'arrêt R. c. MacKenzie  les policiers peuvent maintenant simplement s'appuyer sur leur expérience sur le terrain pour créer de vastes catégories de comportements « suspects » dans lesquels presque n'importe qui pourrait tomber .

Jugement dissident
Les juges Bastarache, Deschamps et Rothstein ont rédigé un jugement dissident. Ils ont estimé que le chien reniflant le sac du passager à la gare routière équivalait à une fouille en vertu de l'article 8 de la Charte. Cependant, ils sont d'avis qu'il n'est pas nécessaire de déterminer si la preuve doit être écartée en vertu de l'article 24(2) de la Charte parce que la fouille par un chien renifleur du sac du passager à la gare routière n'a pas violé l'article 8 de la Charte.

Notes et références

Lien externe
Texte intégral de la décision

Arrêt de la Cour suprême du Canada
Droit pénal au Canada

R. c. Kang-Brown


Danni Toma (født Danni Toma Christensen, 15. april 1990 i Aalborg) er en dansk-palæstinensisk rapper, musiker, og sangskriver.
Han er søn af en dansk mor og en palæstinensisk far. Danni Toma udgør en duo, sammen med sin faste producer Noodle.

Karriere
Danni Toma debuterede i 2010 med den selvfinancerede EP Søndage og Andet Poetisk Bullshit. Udgivelsen er senere blevet fjernet fra alle streamingtjenester, men blev dengang solgt i 500 eksemplarer, og blev rost for dens originalitet. Ligeledes blev deres anden selvfinanserede EP Januar fjernet . Den udkom i Januar 2011. Samme år, i December,  udgav duoen deres tredje selvfinanseret udgivelse i form af "Rige Mænds Jakkesæt". Ep'en udkom og blev solgt i 1000 eksemplarer  og var startskudet på karrieren. Singlen "Det vil ikke altid være (Sådan her)" røg i rotation på P3.

Året efter medvirkede Danni på både Pato Siebenhaars album "Ca. Lige Her" og Dj Statics roste album "Rolig Under Pres" hvorfra singlen "Går Som En Vinder" udkom. Samme år medvirkede han på begge artisters Danmarks tourne.

Debutalbummet "Kvinde" udkom til en blandet modtagelse blandt anmeldere i 2013. Denne gang havde de skrevet kontrakt med det københavnske indie-pladeselskab "Fake Diamond Records". Senere i 2015 skrev Politiken om albummet "at det var det mest oversete album i Danmark i 2013".

I 2014 medvirkede Danni Toma på De Eneste Tos andet album "Dobbeltliv" og tog efterfølgende med dem på en Danmarksturné.

I slutningen af 2015 udkom hans andet album Grå, der modtog stor ros fra kritikerne, og blev bl.a. tildelt 5 stjerner i Gaffa, samt meget flotte ord i både Politiken & Information. Albummet blev desuden nomineret til tre steppeulvepriser i kategorierne, årets album, årets tekstforfatter og årets producer. Samtidig blev albummet nomineret til den prestigefyld pris "Nordic Music Prize 2016" i Oslo. Politiken gav albummet en flot anmeldelse og sagde endevidere om Danni Toma;

"Danni Toma er en del af kollektivet HvadEvigt, hvor han sammen med blandt andre Lord Siva har gjort Aalborg til det øverste koordinat i et nyt landkort over dansk hiphop, hvor Karl William og Thøger Dixgaard fra aarhuskollektivet Hukaos også regerer."

Danni Toma har samarbejdet med kunstneren Lars Pank om albumcover til Rige Mænds Jakkesæt.

Efter fire år uden udgivelser, udgav Danni i 2019, EPen 'Dagene Efter' på det københavnske indielabel MØS MØS.

Året efter i 2020 udgav han en opfølgende EP - Amourøs, på samme label.

Diskografi

EP'er
 2010 - Søndage Og Andet Poetisk Bullshit (Utilgængelig)
 2011 - Januar (Utilgængelig)
 2011 - Rige Mænds Jakkesæt
 2019 - EP 1 - Dagene Efter
 2020 - EP 2 - Amourøs

Albums
 2013 - Kvinde
 2015 - Grå

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Rappere fra Danmark
Musikere fra Danmark
Sangskrivere fra Danmark
Personer fra Aalborg

Danni Toma


Grettir Algarsson, áður Hector Ian Munro Davidson (f. 1900 - d. ekki vitað) var vestur-íslenskur landkönnuður sem fæddist í Kanada. Hann freistaði þess árið 1925 að komast fyrstur manna á Norðurpólinn svo óyggjandi væri en metnaðarfullur leiðangur hans náði ekki því takmarki.

Bakgrunnur
Grettir Algarsson fæddist í Vancouver í Bresku-Kólumbíu árið 1900. Foreldrar hans munu hafa verið íslensk, en af ókunnum ástæðum var drengurinn settur í fóstur til hjóna frá Skotlandi og ólst hann upp sem Hector Ian Munro Davidson. Grettir lærði því aldrei íslensku og hafði engin sérstök tengsl við Ísland, en leit þó á sig sem Íslending og tók upp hið íslenska nafn sitt eftir að hann komst á fullorðinsár, þótt föðurnafnið virðist augljós misritun.

Árið 1927 freistaði blaðamaðurinn Árni Óla þess að varpa ljósi á líf Grettis í grein í Lesbók Morgunblaðsins en varð lítið ágengt. Enginn í Íslendingasamfélaginu vestanhafs virtist vita hverra manna Grettir væri, þótt hann hefði öðlast mikla frægð fyrir heimskautaferð sína.

Stefnt á pólinn
Grettir hóf að stunda sjómennsku á táningsaldri og var skráður á sæfarendaskýrslur undir uppeldisnafni sínu. Rétt um tvítugt var hann orðinn stýrimaður á stóru úthafsskipi, en þá greip ævintýraþráin í taumana. Hann sagði upp stöðu sinni 22 ára gamall og hófst handa við að undirbúa leiðangur til norðurslóða. Í Englandi tryggði hann sér litla skútu til fararinnar og gaf heitið Beltai. Eftir talsverða undirbúningsvinnu lagði skipið af stað sumarið 1924 en ekki vildi betur til en svo að það lenti í árekstri á Norðursjó, laskaðist mikið og var leiðangurinn varð úr sögunni.

Meðan á undirbúningi ferðarinnar stóð kynntist Grettir nýsjálenska sæfaranum Frank Worsley, sem hafði verið ferðafélagi Ernest Shackleton í frægum heimskautaleiðangri hans. Þótt Worsley væri nærri þrjátíu árum eldri en Grettir, sem var bæði kornungur og óþekktur, heillaðist hann af ákafa og metnaði hans. Ákváðu þeir að undirbúa í sameiningu nýjan leiðangur sumarið 1925.

Áform Grettis voru stórhuga, en hann hugðist festa kaup á lítilli flugvél sem borið gæti þrjá menn og nokkurra mánaða vistir. Vélinni skyldi siglt til Svalbarða og þaðan flogið á Norðurpólinn, þar sem ætlunin var að brotlenda, skilja flakið eftir og ganga því næst heim frá pólnum. Erfitt reyndist að finna hentuga vél miðað við þessi áform og ákvað Grettir í staðinn að freista þess að láta útbúa fyrir sig loftskip með það að markmiði að fljúga á pólinn og til baka. Gerð loftfarsins tók lengri tíma en til stóð, meðal annars vegna þess að leiðangurinn hafði ekki úr miklum fjármunum að spila. Því varð að hætta við loftskipasiglinguna á pólinn, en árið 1926 varð Fridtjof Nansen fyrstur til að fljúga yfir Norðurpólinn með þeirri aðferð.

Þótt frumforsenda ferðalagsins væri brostin ákváðu Worsley og Grettir að halda sínu striki og héldu í rannsóknarleiðangur til Svalbarða sumarið 1925. Farið var á gamalli seglskútu sem gefið var heitið Ísland. Var leiðangurinn útbúinn af miklum vanefnum, þar sem leiðangursmenn betluðu m.a. vistir af vinum, kunningjum og áhugafólki um ferðalagið. Vísindalegur ávinningur ferðarinnar varð töluverður, þar sem náttúruvísindamenn og kortagerðarmenn voru með í för. Þannig tókst að afla upplýsinga um strauma, sjávarbotn og nákvæma hnattstöðu ýmissa eyja í Svalbarða-eyjaklasanum. Ritaði Worsley bók um leiðangurinn sem vakti allnokkra athygli.

Eftirmæli

Í ljósi hinna miklu yfirlýsinga í aðdraganda leiðangursins um ferð á Norðurpólinn litu ýmsir svo á að ævintýrið hefði misheppnast illilega. Sögur komust á kreik um að Grettir væri hálfgerður svikahrappur eða að mistök hans hafi orðið til að eyðileggja leiðangurinn. Vildu Íslendingar þá lítið af hinum nýuppgötvaða landa sínum vita og var t.a.m. skopast með landkönnunarafrek hans í revíunni Eldvígslan sem sett var upp í Iðnó árið 1926. Vildi Árni Óla rétta hlut Grettis með Lesbókargrein sinni árið 1927, en fljótlega síðar mátti hann heita öllum gleymdur.

Ekki varð framhald á pólferðum Grettis Algarssonar eftir leiðangurinn 1925. Nafn hans hvarf úr fréttum og dánarár er óþekkt. Þó er vitað að löngu eftir Svalbarðaferðina kvæntist hann í New York konu sem var 20 árum yngri en hann, Beatrice Emma Kraft. Hann stofnaði vélaverkstæði í Quebec, Algarsson Engineering Company Ltd. og gerðist uppfinningamaður. Hann fékk skráð nokkur einkaleyfi fyrir tækjabúnaði á árunum í kringum 1940.

Tilvísanir

Heimildir

  (Grettir Algarsson ritar formála)

Algarsson, Grettir
Vestur-Íslendingar
Íslenskir landkönnuðir

Grettir Algarsson


Max Plaut (geboren 17. Oktober 1901 in Sohrau; gestorben 8. März 1974 in Hamburg) war ein deutscher Jurist, Ökonom und jüdischer Verbandsfunktionär.

Leben
Plaut musste nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg seine Schullaufbahn unterbrechen, da seine Eltern 1919 im Zuge der Aufstände in Oberschlesien ihre Heimat verließen und nach Hamburg zogen. Plaut war in einem Freikorps unter Manfred von Killinger Teilnehmer an den Kämpfen um Sankt Annaberg. Anschließend beendete er in Marburg seine Schullaufbahn mit dem Abitur am Gymnasium Philippinum. Ab 1922 lebte er in Hamburg bei seinen Eltern, wo sein Vater Raphael Plaut das Deutsch-Israelitische Waisenhaus führte. Nach einer Ausbildung zum Bankkaufmann beim Bankhaus Warburg absolvierte er ein Studium der Rechtswissenschaft und Nationalökonomie an den Universitäten Hamburg, Rostock (Februar 1927-August 1928), Freiburg und Paris und beendete sein Studium mit Promotionen zum Dr. rer. pol. und Dr. jur. Bis 1930 war er beim Bankhaus Warburg beschäftigt. Plaut war Mitglied der DDP.

Plaut leitete beim Central-Verein deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens die Deutsch-jüdische Jugend. Ab 1930 war er gewähltes Mitglied des Repräsentanten-Kollegs der aschkenasischen Gemeinde Hamburgs (Deutsch-Israelitische Gemeinde, DIG), wo er ab Anfang Januar 1933 hauptamtlich als Sekretär tätig war. Nach der Machtübernahme durch die Nationalsozialisten wurde Plaut mehrmals festgenommen und misshandelt, auch wegen seiner Zugehörigkeit zur Loge B'nai B'rith und im Zuge der Novemberpogrome. Anfang Dezember 1938 wurde Plaut durch den Judenreferenten Claus Göttsche von der Staatspolizeileitstelle Hamburg zum Leiter des Jüdischen Religionsverbandes e.V., dem zwangsweisen Nachfolger der jüdischen Gemeinden Altonas, Hamburgs (DIG und sfardische Gemeinde), Harburgs und Wandsbeks ernannt.

Nach Entstehung der Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland im Juli 1939 wurde er in Personalunion Leiter deren Bezirksstelle Nordwestdeutschland; sein Stellvertreter war zunächst Berthold Simonsohn, zuletzt Leo Lippmann. In dieser Funktion war er auch für die Belange der Juden in Schleswig-Holstein und Niedersachsen zuständig. Plaut unterstützte mit Hilfe des Bankhauses Warburg Juden bei ihrer Ausreise, musste auf Bitten der Reichsvereinigung die Vermögensangelegenheiten der ins Generalgouvernement (GG) deportierten Juden aus dem Regierungsbezirk Stettin regeln und konnte die Deportation der ostfriesischen Juden ins Generalgouvernement verhindern.

Plaut konnte zunächst seine Mitwirkung bei der Erstellung von Transportlisten für die Deportation der Hamburger Juden verhindern, später wurden Plaut und seine Mitarbeiter dazu durch das Judenreferat der Hamburger Gestapo gezwungen. Durch Bestechung von Gestapobeamten des Judenreferats konnte er erreichen, dass ältere jüdische Schutzhäftlinge vom Polizeigefängnis Fuhlsbüttel zunächst in ein jüdisches Altersheim ziehen konnten und erst später deportiert wurden.

Nach dem Ende der Reichsvereinigung konnten  nach mehrmonatiger Internierung Plaut als "langjähriger Zionist", seine Mutter und weitere Personen  mit Sondergenehmigung im Tausch gegen Auslandsdeutsche im Juli 1944 von Wien aus mit dem Zug über die Türkei nach Palästina ausreisen. Die letzten 30 Mitarbeiter von Plauts Dienststelle wurden mit über 70 weiteren Personen am 23. Juni 1943 in das Ghetto Theresienstadt deportiert, unter ihnen befanden sich Fanny David und Käthe Starke-Goldschmidt.

Nach Kriegsende ging er 1946 die Ehe mit Ruth Jacobson ein und zog 1950 nach Bremen, wo er den stellvertretenden Vorsitz der dortigen Jüdischen Gemeinde übernahm. Ein Bericht Plauts über die Judenverfolgung im Nationalsozialismus wurde im Eichmann-Prozess genutzt. Von 1959 bis 1965 war er Mitglied der deutschen UNESCO-Kommission. Seit 1965 lebte er wieder in Hamburg und war ab 1971 Präsident der Lessing-Akademie in Wolfenbüttel. Er engagierte sich für die christlich-jüdische Verständigung (s. Kirchen und Judentum nach 1945).

Literatur
Beate Meyer: Plaut, Max. In: Institut für die Geschichte der Deutschen Juden (Hrsg.): Das jüdische Hamburg: ein historisches Nachschlagewerk. Wallstein, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0004-0 (mit Faltkarte Jüdische Stätten in Hamburg), S. 206–207.
 Beate Meyer, Institut für die Geschichte der deutschen Juden: Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der Hamburger Juden 1933–1945. Geschichte, Zeugnis, Erinnerung. Wallstein, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 978-3-8353-0137-5.

Weblinks

 Plaut, Max. In: Das Jüdische Hamburg.

Einzelnachweise

Überlebender des Holocaust
Person (UNESCO)
Person des Judentums (Hamburg)
Person (Zionismus)
Person (christlich-jüdischer Dialog)
Ökonom (20. Jahrhundert)
Jurist (Bankwesen)
DDP-Mitglied
Freikorps-Mitglied
Deutscher
Geboren 1901
Gestorben 1974
Mann

Max Plaut (Jurist, 1901)


سوق الكوت، هو مجمع تجاري ضخم يقع في جنوب غرب الفحيحيل تم افتتاحه في 10 فبراير 2005، ويتميز المجمع بتصميم متميز مأخوذ من فن العمارة الإسلامية العريق، ضمن مشروع مدينة الفحيحيل الذي يضم مجمعين تجاريين هما (الكوت والمنشر)، فندق روتانا المنشر، مرسى قوارب، واجهة بحرية ونوافير مائية ضخمة.

انظر ايضاً
قائمة مراكز التسوق في الكويت

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 2005 في الكويت
مجمعات تجارية في الكويت
مراكز تسوق أسست في 2005

سوق الكوت


Badiae () ist ein Titularbistum der römisch-katholischen Kirche.

Es geht zurück auf einen früheren Bischofssitz im antiken Ort gleichen Namens, der sich in der römischen Provinz Numidia befand.

Siehe auch
 Liste der römisch-katholischen Diözesen
 Liste der römisch-katholischen Titularbistümer

Weblinks

Badiae

Titularbistum Badiae


Corvair may refer to:

 Caledonia Corvairs, a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Caledonia, Ontario
 Caledonia Corvairs (1961–2012), a Canadian junior hockey team based in Caledonia, Ontario
 Chevrolet Corvair, a compact car manufactured by Chevrolet for model years 1960–1969
 Chevrolet Corvair Monza GT, a mid-engined experimental prototype automobile built in 1962

Corvair