Brian Arthur Robert White (5 May 1957 – 5 July 2016) was a British Labour politician. He served as Member of Parliament (MP) for North East Milton Keynes from the 1997 general election, but lost his seat in 2005.

Early life
He attended the Methodist College Belfast grammar school in Belfast.

He worked for HM Customs and Excise in Southend-on-Sea on the design of the VAT accounting system, then became an IT consultant, working in the US, Finland and Canada, and for Abbey National until 1997.

Political career

Parliament
White was first elected to Parliament when Labour returned to power at the 1997 general election with a 240-vote majority, when he overturned the Conservative Peter Butler's majority of 14,000 obtained at the previous election.

He was returned at the 2001 election with a slightly increased majority of 1,829, but at the 2005 election, he lost his seat to the Conservative candidate Mark Lancaster whose 1,665 majority represented a 3.6% swing.

Local government
Before his election to Parliament in 1997, White had been a Labour member of Buckinghamshire County Council, Deputy Leader of Milton Keynes Council, and Secretary of the Local Government Association Labour Group. He had joined the local council in 1987 but resigned to take his seat in Parliament.

In the local elections of May 2007, he was elected to Milton Keynes Council as a member for Stantonbury. He was re-elected in May 2011 and May 2014. He served as Mayor of Milton Keynes for a year from May 2013.

Other
He was a past Chair of the National Energy Foundation, Chair of United Sustainable Energy Agency and was on the Board of the Renewable Fuels Agency. He was a key figure in establishing Careers-Action a charity formed to help management and professional level job seekers with job search training, information, resources and support.

Personal life
He married Leena Lindholm on 4 July 1984 in Finland. He had two stepsons.

In late June 2016, White was diagnosed with an incurable cancer of the oesophagus, which had metastasised. He died at Milton Keynes Hospital on 5 July 2016. He was 59.

References

External links

 His website
 TheyWorkForYou.com - Brian White
 Stantonbury Ward - MK Council

1957 births
2016 deaths
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
Politicians from Belfast
People educated at Methodist College Belfast
Politics of Milton Keynes
Councillors in Buckinghamshire
Members of Buckinghamshire County Council
Deaths from cancer in England
Mayors of places in Buckinghamshire
Deaths from esophageal cancer

Brian White (British politician)


The National Arts Centre (NAC) () is a performing arts organisation in Ottawa, Ontario, along the Rideau Canal. It is based in the eponymous National Arts Centre building.

History
The NAC was one of a number of projects launched by the government of Lester B. Pearson to commemorate Canada's 1967 centenary. It opened its doors to the public for the first time on 31 May 1969, at a cost of C$46 million.

In February 2014, the centre unveiled a new logo and slogan, Canada is our stage, in preparation for its fiftieth anniversary in 2019. The former logo had been designed by Ernst Roch and was in use since the centre's opening.

In October 2015, initial talks about plans to develop an Indigenous theatre were held between NAC leadership, Indigenous performers and community leaders from across Canada with the aim of making Indigenous theatre a core activity of the National Arts Centre. In June 2017, Kevin Loring was hired to be the first artistic director of the NAC Indigenous Theatre department, and Lori Marchard was appointed the first managing director of the department soon after. Along with Lindsay Lachance, an artistic associate as well, the Indigenous Theatre department works to increase the representation of Indigenous peoples through theatre and providing further space and resources for Indigenous actors and playwrights to thrive. To date, over $1 million was raised for the establishment of the Indigenous theatre department through a tribute dinner hosted by the NAC in June 2018. The first full season by the Indigenous theatre department commenced in fall 2019.

Departments

Orchestra
The NAC Orchestra is a world class ensemble of outstanding classical musicians from across Canada and around the world, under the inspiring leadership of Music Director Alexander Shelley. Since its debut in 1969 at the opening of Canada's National Arts Centre, the Orchestra has been praised for the passion and clarity of its performances, its groundbreaking educational programs, and its leadership in nurturing Canadian creativity.

Indigenous Theatre
Kevin Loring is the current director of the Indigenous Theatre. Loring is Nlaka'pamux from Lytton BC a small town in the Fraser Canyon and was born November 24, 1974 (43). His first published play "Where The Blood Mixes" won the Governor General's Award for English- Language Drama in 2009. He is also the Artistic Director of The Savage Society. When asked what Indigenous theatre is he says that it is "Our stories told and performed through the lens of Indigenous people".

The Indigenous Theatre's first production, co-presented by the NAC English Theatre, was in September 2019 when Muriel Miguel directed Marie Clements' The Unnatural and Accidental Women. The production starred PJ Prudat as Rebecca and Monique Mojica as Aunt Shadie and also featured Yolanda Bonnell, Columpa C. Bobb, and Cheri Maracle.

Notable figures in the Indigenous theatre department include:

 Kevin Loring: playwright, actor and teacher, winner of the Governor General's Award for English Language Drama for his play, Where the Blood Mixes in 2009
 Lori Marchand: former director of Western Canada Theatre and daughter of Len Marchand Sr., the first Indigenous Member of Parliament in Canada
 Lindsay Lachance: PhD candidate and sessional lecturer in theatre at the University of British Columbia and Simon Fraser University

Artistic aims and performances
One of the largest performing arts facilities in Canada, the National Arts Centre displays ballets, orchestras, theatre and musical performances. At 1,158,000 sq ft (107,600 m2), the NAC works with thousands of artists, both emerging and established, from across Canada and around the world, and collaborates with dozens of other arts organizations across the country. The NAC operates in the performing arts fields of classical music, English theatre, French theatre, Indigenous theatre, dance, variety, and community programming. The NAC supports programs for young and emerging artists and programs for young audiences, and producing resources and study materials for teachers. The NAC is the only multidisciplinary, multilingual, performing arts centre in North America, and one of the largest in the world.

The National Arts Centre is home to the National Arts Centre Orchestra, considered one of the world's leading classical-size orchestras. Alexander Shelley, a conductor, pianist, cellist and teacher, has been the orchestra's music director since 2015. The artistic director of English Theatre is Nina Lee Aquino; the artistic director of French Theatre is Brigitte Haentjens; Cathy Levy is the executive producer of dance; Heather Moore is producer and executive director of the Scene Festivals; Heather Gibson is producer of NAC Presents. The National Arts Centre produces nine podcasts in both official languages. They cover French and English Theatre, Classical and Contemporary Canadian music. The NAC has since created an Indigenous Theatre discipline. On June 15, 2017, Kevin Loring was announced as the first Artistic Director of Indigenous Theatre.

Kurt Waldele was executive chef for two decades, up to his death in 2009. His successor Michael Blackie, was responsible for creating "Celebrity Chefs of Canada" which ran in both 2011 and 2012. In late 2012 Michael left the NAC to develop his own business in Ottawa located in the west end called NeXT. In 2013, John Morris was promoted to the position executive chef. John Morris worked under chefs David Garcelon, Michael Blackie and Steven Gugelmeier. Kenton Leier was appointed as Executive Chef, effective July 26, 2017.

The National Arts Centre is co-producer of the Canada Dance Festival and co-founder of the Magnetic North Theatre Festival, which it operates in partnership with the Canadian Theatre Festival Society. The Magnetic North Theatre Festival is an annual event first held in Ottawa in 2003, where it is held every second year, being held in other Canadian cities in the alternating years. The festival offers not only productions and performances for the theatre-going public, but offers workshops and seminars aimed at theatre students and professionals.

In 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada the NAC created the series Undisrupted for CBC Gem, which featured four Canadian performers or composers of classical or opera music creating a short film set to a new original composition.

References

Further reading

External links

Ottawa Chamber Music Society
Construction of the NAC (YouTube)
National Arts Centre Corporation fonds (R854) at Library and Archives Canada
Sarah Jennings fonds (R14484) at Library and Archives Canada. The fonds documents essentially the history of the National Arts Centre. Records are the primary sources for Jennings's book Art and Politics: The History of the National Arts Centre.

Federal departments and agencies of Canada
Theatre in Ottawa
Canadian Centennial
Theatre companies in Ontario

National Arts Centre


Thorbjørn Jagland (nume la naștere Thorbjørn Johansen; )  un politician norvegian, membru al Partidului Laburist, secretar general al Consiliului Europei în anii 2009-2019. El a deținut anterior funcțiile de prim-ministru al Norvegiei (1996-1997), ministru al afacerilor externe al Norvegiei (2000-2001) și respectiv președinte al Parlamentului Norvegian (2005-2009).

Note

Nașteri în 1950
Prim-miniștri ai Norvegiei
Norvegieni în viață
Decorați cu Ordinul de Onoare al Republicii Moldova

Thorbjørn Jagland


O France foi um couraçado operado pela Marinha Nacional Francesa e a quarta e última embarcação da Classe Courbet, depois do ,  e . Sua construção começou em novembro de 1911 no Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire e foi lançado ao mar em novembro do ano seguinte, sendo comissionado na frota francesa em julho de 1914. Era armado com uma bateria principal de doze canhões de 305 milímetros montados em seis torres de artilharia duplas, tinha um deslocamento de mais de 25 mil toneladas e alcançava uma velocidade máxima de 21 nós.

O France transportou o presidente Raymond Poincaré até a Rússia durante a Crise de Julho em 1914. Passou toda a guerra dando cobertura para a Barragem de Otranto contra a Marinha Austro-Húngara, mas nunca chegou a entrar em combate. Depois da guerra participou da Ocupação de Constantinopla e então enviado para o Mar Negro na intervenção Aliada na Guerra Civil Russa, algo que gerou um breve motim entre seus tripulantes. O navio afundou agosto de 1922 depois de bater em rochas na Baía de Quiberon, sendo desmontado no local pelas décadas seguintes.

Bibliografia

Ligações externas

Classe Courbet
Navios de 1912
Navios construídos na França
Couraçados da Marinha Nacional Francesa
Couraçados da França na Primeira Guerra Mundial
Naufrágios no Golfo da Biscaia

France (couraçado)


Louis-Alexandre af Bourbon, fyrste af Lamballe (født 6. september 1747 i Paris, død 6. maj 1768 i Louveciennes nær Versailles, Yvelines, Île-de-France) var en fransk højadelig, der livet igennem havde høflighedstitlen fyrste af Lamballe.
Han var oldesøn både af Ludvig 14. af Frankrig og af Filip af Orléans, Hertug af Orléans, Regent af Frankrig. Filip af Orléans var i 1715–1723 Ludvig 14.s efterfølger som fungerende statsoverhoved (dvs., at han var formynder for den unge Ludvig 15.).

Ægteskab
Fyrste Louis-Alexandre af Lamballe var gift med en italiensk født prinsesse, der blev overhofmesterinde hos dronning Marie-Antoinette, som var gift ved kong Ludvig 16. af Frankrig.

Penthièvre–formuen
Efter kun 16 måneders ægteskab døde den 20–årige Louis-Alexandre af Lamballe. Hans far levede frem til 1793. Faderen overlevede sin gemalinde og 6 af sine 7 børn.

Faderen ejede Penthièvre–formuen, der var Frankrigs største private formue. Efter faderens død blev formuen arvet af Louis-Alexandre af Lamballes eneste overlevende søster, der var hertuginde af Orléans. Gennem hende kom formuen til Orléans-slægten.

Kilder

Huset Bourbon


XPM was a short-lived Canadian television sitcom broadcast in 2004 on CBC Television. It was centred on shamed former Prime Minister Bennett Macdonald, played by Don Ferguson, who was trying to adjust to a life where the best job he could find was at a small law firm in a shopping mall. The series also starred Dave Broadfoot as Macdonald's law partner, Kathy Greenwood as his wife, and Jessica Holmes as his secretary Jasmine.

The series produced just two episodes, which the CBC aired back-to-back as a one-off comedy special on February 27, 2004, after declining to pick up any further episodes. It was created by Steven Barwin and Gabriel David Tick, who were also executive producers along with Don Ferguson and Roger Abbott.

References

External links

CBC Television original programming
2004 Canadian television series debuts
Canadian political comedy television series
2000s Canadian sitcoms
2000s Canadian workplace comedy television series
Television series about prime ministers
2004 Canadian television series endings

XPM (TV series)


Tove Hansen (15. oktober 1948 i Glostrup - 30. december 1989 i Greve) var en dansk landsholdspiller i håndbold som i perioden 1972-1973 spillede 29 landskampe och scorrede 33 mål. Hun spillede klubhåndbold i Glostrup IC. Som spydkaster i GIC kastede hum 39,86 i 1974.

Eksterne henvisninger
Tove Hansen på Haslund.info

Håndboldspillere fra Danmark
Spydkastere fra Danmark
Atleter fra Glostrup IC
Personer fra Glostrup

Tove Hansen


Bradley "Brad" Bellick, Prison Break dizisinde Wade Williams'ın canladırdığı karakterdir. Prison Break dizisinin temel karakterlerinden biridir, neredeyse dizinin her bölümünde karşımıza çıkar. Karakter dizinin ilk bölümünde Fox River Eyalet Hapishanesi gardiyanlarının lideri Yüzbaşı Brad Bellick olarak karşımıza çıkmıştır. İkinci sezonda karakterin rolü değişir kaçan mahkûmların peşinden gider.

Bellick bütün hayatı boyunca hep bir gardiyan olmak istemiştir. Fox River'da liseden sonra çalışmaya başlar ve şu anda da orada çalışmaktadır. Rehabilitasyondan çok mahkûmları cezalandırmaktan yanadır. Bu yüzden onun ve Müdür Henry Pope (Stacy Keach) arasında anlaşmazlıklar oluşur. Bununla birlikte Müdür Pope ona birçok sorumluluk vermiştir. Pope emekli olduktan sonra yerine Bellick'i terfi etmeyi düşünmektedir. Bellick eski bir meslektaşını namussuz olarak görmektedir. Bellick "The Killing Box" bölümünde yargılanırken 40 yaşında olduğunu belirtmiştir. Scylla için tünelde kendini feda ederek ölmüştür.

Görünüm

1. Sezon
Bellick'in geçmişi rüşvet ve mahkûmlara kötü muamele ile doludur. Onun John Abruzzi (Peter Stormare) ile anlaşması vardır, Abruzzi ona dışarıdan ödeme yapar, O'da Abruzzi'nin hapishane iş kollarını kontrol etmesine izin verir.

"Brother's Keeper" bölümünde Bellick'in madde bağımlılığından kurtulmak için tedavi olduğu ortaya çıkar.

Nika Volek (Holly Valance), Michael Scofield'ı (Wentworth Miller) Fox River'da ziyarete geldikten sonra, Bellick onu bir yerden hatırladığını düşünür, daha sonra sık sık gittiği striptiz kulübünde çalıştığını hatırlar. Onu bulduktan sonra Michael ile ilgili bir anlaşma yapar, Nika'da ona Michael'ın bir şeyler karıştırdığını söyler.

Bellick takımın kaçmasından bir gün önce Michael ve kaçış ekibinin ilk açtığı deliği bulur. Bellick başkalarına haber vermeden önce Charles Westmoreland (Muse Watson) ona saldırır, bağlayıp deliğin içine atar. Boğuşma sırasında Westmoreland ağır bir şekilde yaralanır. Bellick gardiyanların odasının altındaki tünelde tuzağa düşmüştür ve kaçışa tanık olur. Bulunduktan sonra öcünü almak için kaçakların peşine düşer.Kaybettiği işinin karşılığını almak için insan avına katılır. 2. derece cinayetten Fox River eyalet hapishanesine mahkûm sıfatıyla döner. Mahkeme kararıyla serbest kalır. Özel Ajan Alex Mahone ile çalışır. Sucre ile T-Bag'in kaçırdığı paraların peşine düşer.Sona adlı bölümde hapishaneye düşer ve işkenceye uğrar. 4. sezonda iyi bir rolle karşımıza çıkan Brad, Michael Scofield ve ekibiyle Scylla adı verilen(Şirketin enerji programı) bir elektronik kartın peşine düşer. 4. sezon 8. bölümde Sucre'ye kendisine bir şey olursa annesini aramasını ve oğlunun hapishanede pislik bir mahkûm olarak ölmediğini söylemesini ister. Bellick bir bölümde Lincoln'ün hayatını kurtarır. 4. sezonun 9. bölümünde Scylla'ya ulaşmak için kendini feda eder. Bellick'in babası da Bellick küçük yaştayken ölmüştür ve belki de bu yüzden Lincoln'ün hayatını kurtarmıştır.Bellick'in kendini feda etmesi Lincoln'ü ve Michael Scofield'ı derinden etkilemiştir. Michael Scofield Bellick'in boşuna hayatını feda etmediğini söylemiştir. Sona'daki isyanda Sucre'nin hayatını kurtarmıştır ve Sucre de bunun için kendisine minnet duymaktadır. Sucre cenazesinin annesine teslim edilmesi için Ajan Self'le bir tartışma yaşar. Bellick'in cenazesi göğsünde polis rozetiyle annesine uğurlanır.

Dipnotlar

Dış bağlantılar
 Brad Bellick biyografisi  - Fox.com

Büyük Kaçış karakterleri
Kurgusal Amerikalılar
Kurgusal erkek karakterler

Brad Bellick


Abraão Lincoln Martins (født 14. juni 1983) er en brasiliansk fodboldspiller.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Brasilien

Abraão Lincoln Martins


Prodidomus maximus est une espèce d'araignées aranéomorphes de la famille des Prodidomidae.

Distribution
Cette espèce est endémique de la province de Sofala au Mozambique. Elle se rencontre vers Canxixe.

Description
La femelle holotype mesure .

La femelle  décrite par Cooke en 1964 mesure .

Systématique et taxinomie
Cette espèce a été décrite par Lessert en 1936.

Publication originale
 Lessert, 1936 : « Araignées de l'Afrique orientale portugaise, recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et B.-B. Cott. » Revue Suisse de Zoologie, , ,  (texte intégral).

Liens externes

Notes et références

Prodidomidae
Espèce d'araignées (nom scientifique)
Faune endémique du Mozambique

Prodidomus maximus


Mythimna arizanensis es una polilla de la familia Noctuidae. Se encuentra en Taiwán.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

arizanensis

Mythimna arizanensis


was a town located in Kimotsuki District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,278 and a density of 42.13 persons per km2. The total area was 77.81 km2.

On March 22, 2005, Tashiro, along with the town of Ōnejime (also from Kimotsuki District), was merged to create the town of Kinkō.

References

External links
 Official website of Kinko

Dissolved municipalities of Kagoshima Prefecture
Populated places disestablished in 2005
2005 disestablishments in Japan

Tashiro, Kagoshima


Tiemoko Garan Kouyaté (* 27. April 1902 in Ségou; † 4. Juli 1944 in Mauthausen) war ein malischer antikolonialistischer Aktivist.

Leben
Kouyaté wurde 1902 in Ségou in Französisch-Sudan (heutiges Mali) als Sohn eines Beamten geboren. Nachdem er 1921 seine Schulausbildung an der École normale William Ponty auf der Insel Gorée abgeschlossen hatte, arbeitete er zunächst bis 1923 in der Elfenbeinküste als Grundschullehrer. Danach ging er nach Aix-en-Provence in Frankreich, um an der dortigen Universität ein Studium aufzunehmen. 1926 wurde er aus der Hochschule ausgeschlossen, weil er kommunistische Propaganda verbreitet habe.

Kouyaté ging nach Paris, studierte an der Sorbonne und lernte dort Lamine Senghor kennen. Mit ihm wurde Kouyaté Mitgründer der antikolonial-kommunistischen Vereinigung Ligue de Défense de la Race Nègre und gab die Zeitschrift La Race Nègre heraus, nach dem Tod Senghors übernahm er deren Leitung und entwickelte das Programm weiter durch Forderungen der Unabhängigkeit der afrikanischen Kolonien und der Errichtung des Sozialismus, für die er auch eine Analyse der sozialen Schichten entwickelte. Zusätzlich vernetzte er die Ligue international.

Die weitere Radikalisierung durch Forderungen wie der Gründung kommunistischer Parteien in den Kolonien konnten Teile der Ligue nicht mehr nachvollziehen. Nachdem sie sich 1931 spaltete, gründete Kouyaté 1932 die Union des travailleurs nègres und die Zeitung Le Cri des Nègres. Wegen seiner undogmatischen Methoden und Strategien wurde er von kommunistischen Hardlinern bald aus der Union und der französischen Kommunistischen Partei ausgeschlossen. 1934 gründete er dann die Organisation Solidarité coloniale und begann für den Étoile Nord-Africaine von Messali Hadj zu arbeiten, der ebenso antikoloniale Ziele verfolgte. Kouyaté kollaborierte auf internationaler Ebene auch mit schwarzen Aktivisten wie Marcus Garvey, W. E. B. Du Bois oder George Padmore.

Er wurde 1942 von den Deutschen verhaftet und in das österreichische Konzentrationslager Mauthausen deportiert, wo er 1944 starb.

In den 1980er Jahren würdigte ihn eine geheime malische politische Organisation mit dem Namen "L'Union des Luttes Tiemoko Garan Kouyaté". Malische Politiker wie Oumar Mariko und Tiébilé Dramé waren Mitglieder der Organisation, die vom senegalesischen Politiker Mamadou Lamine Diallo mitbegründet wurde.

Literatur
 Samuel Same Kolle: Naissance et paradoxes du discours anthropologique africain. L'Harmattan, 2007. ISBN 978-2-296-03191-3
 Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch: Des victimes oubliées du nazisme. Les Noirs et l'Allemagne dans la première moitié du XXe siècle, le Cherche Midi, 2007. ISBN 978-2-7491-0630-4.

Einzelnachweise

Person (französische Kolonialgeschichte)
Geboren 1902
Gestorben 1944
Mann
Malier
Französische Kolonialgeschichte (Afrika)

Tiemoko Garan Kouyaté


An Disperis uzungwae in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Bernard Verdcourt. An Disperis uzungwae in nahilalakip ha genus nga Disperis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Tanzania. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Disperis

Disperis uzungwae


Nitrofuranii reprezintă o clasă de medicamente utilizate ca antibiotice sau antimicrobiene. Compusul de bază este reprezentat de nitrofuran, un nitroderivat al furanului.

Clasificare
Cei mai importanți reprezentanți ai clasei sunt:
 Antibacteriene (antibiotice)
 Difurazonă
 Furazolidonă
 Nifuroxazid
 Nifurchinazol
 Nifurtoinol
 Nifurzid
 Nitrofurantoină — antiinfecțios urinar
 Nitrofurazonă
 Antimicrobiene
 Nifuratel — antiprotozoar, antifungic
 Nifurtimox — antiprotozoar

Vezi și
 Nitroimidazol

Legături externe

Referințe

Nitrofuran


Forum (edebiyat)
 Forum (tartışma), bir tartışma biçimi.
 İnternet forumu - İnternet tartışmalarının yapıldığı alan
 Forum Romanum - Eski Romalılar zamanında, Roma'da kamu işlerini konuşmak için halkın toplandığı alan
 Forum (yasal) - ABD'de genel söylemler için oluşturulmuş alan
 Forum (dergi) - Çeşitli siyasilerin ve gazetecilerin oluşturduğu bir dergi
 Forum Bornova - İzmir Bornova'da bir alışveriş merkezidir
 Forum Gallorum savaşı - M.Ö. 14 Nisan 43 tarihinde gerçekleşmiş savaş
 Forum Kopenhag - Kopenhag'da konser arenası

Latinceden Türkçeye geçen sözcükler

Forum


La BVT-601 est un ancien prototype de torpille de fabrication belge en coopération avec la Norvège. La FN (Fabrique Nationale basée à Herstal) a commencé son développement en 2005.

Les premiers tests réels auraient été réalisés sur la côte belge dans la zone de Lombardsijde en décembre 2007, afin de valider l'enveloppe de tir. Des rumeurs non confirmées n'excluent pas une version ATN.

Il existe maintenant une version plus récente : BVT-701.

Capacités
Cette torpille, équipée d'un RASAPD (Re-programmable Advanced Sonar and Passive Detection) lui permet, de différencier les navires amis ou ennemis ainsi que d'un moteur de propulsion avancé lui conférant une distance de tir assez conséquente (mais aucun chiffre n'est à ce jour connu sauf pour la version 701). Cette torpille équipe le F-16 MLU de la Force Aérienne belge et lui confére ainsi une capacité anti-navire pour les prochaines qui suivent.

Avancées Récentes
À la suite de la crise en mer noire la Force Aérienne belge a largement augmenté son budget de Défense. Une amélioration de la BVT-601 a été observée dans les états baltes.

La BVT 701 est une version améliorée qui embarque la nouvelle technologie Marsouin. En imitant le comportement du mammifère elle permet de brouiller les systèmes d'auto-défense ennemis la rendant particulièrement redoutée mais laisse des traces visibles sur la surface de l'eau. La distance fonctionnelle d'emploi est de 40 nautiques pour une vitesse de 60 nœuds. Des antennes visibles à l'arrière du système d'arme suggèrent la possibilité de guidage par tiers. Elle dispose d'un détonateur de contact, de proximité ainsi que d'un compteur de vides (« void sensing fuze »).

On peut clairement constater l'efficacité du brouillage sur le graphique suivant :

Versions
Les plateformes de lancement demeurent inconnues mais il est fort probable qu'elle puisse équiper les F-16 S1 de la Force Aérienne belge. Il en va de même pour les différentes versions du prototype. On suspecte une version ATN, NG et possiblement SFPC.

Opérateurs
La 1e escadrille belge est spécialisée dans l'utilisation des torpilles. Les pilotes qualifiés sont reconnaissables au pins qu'ils portent sous leurs ailes. Le chardon sur leur badge est un rappel au surnom que les pilotes donnent à la BVT «la piqure » (« the sting »).

Ils sont stationnés à Florennes dans le sud du pays. L'entrainement se fait principalement sur le champ de tir de « L'eau d'Heure » où ils disposent également d'une facilité de test et R&D.

Notes et références

Torpille

BVT 601


Frederick Roberts Gerard (Leicester, Engleska, 19. siječnja 1914. – South Croxton, Engleska, 26. siječnja 1990.) je bio britanski vozač automobilističkih utrka. U Formuli 1 je nastupao na osam utrka od 1950. do 1957., ali nije uspio osvojiti bodove. Ostvario je devet pobjeda na neprvenstvenim utrkama Formule 1 od 1946. do 1958.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Bob Gerard - Stats F1
Bob Gerard - Racing Sports Cars

Britanski vozači Formule 1

Bob Gerard


An Schismatoglottis turbata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni S.Y.Wong. An Schismatoglottis turbata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Schismatoglottis, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Schismatoglottis

Schismatoglottis turbata


Joséphine Nkou, née le 18 septembre 1997, est une handballeuse internationale congolaise (RC), qui a aussi joué en équipe de France junior. Elle joue au poste d'ailier.

Carrière

Carrière en club
Joséphine Nkou joue au CJF Fleury Loiret Handball  jusqu'en 2015 où elle rejoint le Brest Bretagne Handball. En 2016, elle devient une joueuse du Havre AC Handball. Elle effectue ensuite la saison 2020-2021 sous les couleurs du Handball Octeville-sur-Mer.

En août 2021, elle s'engage avec le Paris 92.

Carrière internationale
Joséphine Nkou joue en équipe de France junior avec laquelle elle participe aux qualifications du Championnat d'Europe des moins de 19 ans féminin de handball 2015.

Elle évolue ensuite avec l'équipe du Congo féminine de handball. Elle dispute son premier tournoi international avec cette sélection lors du Championnat d'Afrique des nations féminin de handball 2021, terminant à la quatrième place ; elle marque un tir à 9 mètres à la dernière seconde du quart de finale contre le Sénégal.
Elle dispute ensuite le Championnat du monde féminin de handball 2021, et se blesse au ligament latéral interne lors d'un match du tour préliminaire contre le Danemark, l'écartant des terrains pour plusieurs mois.

Elle remporte la médaille de bronze au championnat d'Afrique 2022.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Handballeuse internationale congolaise (RC)
Handballeuse française
Joueuse du CJF Fleury Loiret Handball
Joueuse du Brest Bretagne Handball
Joueuse du Havre AC Handball
Joueuse du Handball Octeville-sur-Mer
Joueuse du Paris 92
Naissance en septembre 1997

Joséphine Nkou


Nicole Evangeline Lilly (d. 3 Ağustos 1979) Kanadalı aktris.

Hayatı
Nicole Evangeline Lilly, 3 Ağustos 1979 yılında üç çocuklu Hristiyan bir ailenin ortanca kızı olarak dünyaya geldi. 14 yaşına kadar çeşitli çocuk projelerinde gönüllü olarak çalıştı. Britanya Kolumbiyası Üniversitesi'nde uluslararası ilişkiler bölümünde okurken bir dünya kalkınması ve insan hakları komitesi kurdu ve yürüttü. 18 yaşındayken kısa bir süre Filipinler'de misyonerlik yaptığı dönemlerde otlardan yapılmış bir kulübede yaşadı. 2003 yılında Murray Hone ile evlendi. 2004 yılında Murray Hone ile boşandı ve Dominic Monaghan ile ilişkiye başladı. 20 Aralık 2006 yılında Kailua, Hawaii'deki evinde elektrik sorunu nedeniyle yangın çıktı. 2007 yılında Dominic Monaghan ile olan ilişkisi sona erdi. 2010 yılında Norman Kali ile bir ilişkiye başladı. 2011 yılında Norman Kali ile olan ilişkisinden bir erkek çocuğu dünyaya geldi. 18 Temmuz 2013 yılında The Squickerwonkers adlı kitabı yayınlandı. Ekim 2015 yılında ikinci erkek çocuğu dünyaya geldi.

Filmografi

Ödülleri

Kaynakça

Dış Bağlantılar

1979 doğumlular
21. yüzyılda Kanadalı kadın oyuncular
Kanadalı Hristiyanlar
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki Kanadalı gurbetçi kadın oyuncular
Kanadalı kadın modeller
Kanadalı kadın sinema oyuncuları
İrlanda asıllı Kanadalılar
Kanadalı kadın dizi oyuncuları
Yaşayan insanlar
Britanya Kolumbiyası Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler

Evangeline Lilly


Segi (« Continuer » ou « Poursuivre » en basque) est une organisation de jeunesse de la gauche abertzale active majoritairement en Euskadi et Navarre et militant pour l'indépendance du Pays basque. Elle est déclarée illégale en 2002 en Espagne, étant considérée comme une réactivation des anciennes organisations interdites  et  et comme un vivier de recrutement de l'ETA. Toujours autorisée en France, elle s'autodissout en 2012.

Histoire

Création et interdiction en Espagne

Segi est créé officiellement le 16 juin 2001 lors d'une assemblée constitutive à Pampelune autour des mots d'ordre de la gauche indépendantiste, revendiquant un positionnement révolutionnaire, socialiste et féministe. Ses porte-paroles Hariza Galarraga, Araitz Zubimendi et Zigor Ruiz déclarent vouloir plus particulièrement agir au niveau des communes autour de groupes locaux chargés de répondre aux préoccupations de la jeunesse basque (chômage, accès au logement, lutte contre les addictions).

La création de Segi fait suite à la dissolution du groupe Haika, déclaré illégal par le juge de l'Audience nationale Baltasar Garzón le 10 mai de la même année pour complicité avec ETA, bien qu'aucune référence ne soit faite à cette organisation lors de la création de Segi. Une antenne est créée à Bayonne. Une première réunion publique est organisée le 30 juin 2001 à Saint Sébastien, à laquelle ses organisateurs revendiquent 4000 participants.

Segi organise une première manifestation d'ampleur en août 2001 à Saint Sébastien malgré son interdiction. Soupçonné d'avoir perpétré plusieurs attentats durant l'année 2001, le groupe est inscrit le 27 décembre 2001 sur la liste européenne des organisations terroristes (avec d'autres organisations de la mouvance abertzale comme Gestoras Pro Amnistia et Ekin), puis déclarée illégale par Baltasar Garzón le 5 février 2002, entraînant plusieurs arrestations parmi ses membres et la perquisition de ses locaux. Le groupe est cependant toujours autorisé en France, bien que des arrestations aient également lieu à Bayonne. Cette situation engendre plusieurs imbroglios judiciaires : en juin 2004, la demande de transfert vers l'Espagne émise par la justice espagnole à l'encontre de trois Français soupçonnés d'appartenir à Segi a été rejetée par la chambre de l'instruction de Pau, décision confirmée par la Cour de cassation un mois plus tard. Le 18 février 2005, deux autres militants espagnols arrêtés en France sont eux confiés aux autorités espagnoles, décision invalidée dans la foulée par la Cour de cassation.

En 2005, l'Audience nationale qualifie le groupe "d'association illégale" en juin 2005, jugement contredit par le Tribunal suprême qui le déclare "organisation terroriste" le 19 janvier 2007.

À partir de 2007, plusieurs vagues d'arrestation sont opérées par les polices espagnoles et françaises. Le 4 février 2007, 18 membres de Segi recherchés par la police pour des faits de violences lors de manifestations sont arrêtés à Bilbao. 15 autres personnes sont interpelées le 24 septembre 2007 dans le cadre de l'enquête sur l'attentat contre le complexe hôtelier d'Alain Ducasse à Bidarray en 2006 (la justice prononce finalement un non-lieu en 2019). Le 7 novembre 2007, 4 militants sont arrêtés à Saint Sébastien, puis 15 autres se rendent aux forces de l'ordre le 4 décembre. Segi dénonce des méthodes de surveillance massives lors d'une manifestation organisée à Saint-Jean-de-Luz en juillet 2009.

Le 24 novembre 2009, 34 personnes sont arrêtées en Euskadi et Navarre lors d'une opération policière mobilisant près de 650 agents de la Police nationale et de la Guardia civil à la suite d'une enquête du juge Fernando Grande-Marlaska. L'événement suscite une manifestation organisée par les partis Aralar, Eusko Alkartasuna et le syndicat LAB à Bilbao réclamant la libération des militants sous le mot d'ordre "Todos los proyectos, todos los derechos".

14 autres militants sont arrêtés le 22 octobre 2010, accusés de vouloir reconstituer l'organisation côté espagnol et d'actes de violence lors de manifestations.

En février 2011, huit membres de Segi recherchés par la police espagnole organisent une conférence de presse à visage découvert à Ispoure pour dénoncer l'utilisation croissante des mandats d'arrêt européens, dans la foulée notamment de l'affaire Aurore Martin, et sont soutenus par des élus locaux. Quatre d'entre eux sont arrêtés quelques jours plus tard.

Autodissolution
Segi annonce son autodissolution le 15 juin 2012, quelques jours après celle d'Askatasuna, via une déclaration publiée par les journaux Gara et Berria. Selon ses porte-paroles, la décision fait suite à des débats internes menés durant près de trois année menant à une autocritique sur la manière de servir leurs objectifs et une volonté de lutter dans un cadre "légal et démocratique".

Après plusieurs mois de réflexions, une nouvelle organisation de jeunesse abertzale, , a été créée en 2013.

Références

Violence politique
Histoire des Basques
Nationalisme basque
Euskadi ta Askatasuna
Organisation anciennement considérée comme terroriste par l'Union européenne

Segi


Deleso (Deleço, Deleco, Oeleso) ist ein osttimoresischer Suco im Verwaltungsamt Railaco (Gemeinde Ermera).

Geographie

Vor der Gebietsreform 2015 hatte Deleso eine Fläche von 3,33 km². Nun sind es 3,25 km². Der Suco liegt im Osten des Verwaltungsamts Railaco. Nördlich liegt der Suco Taraco, östlich der Suco Samalete, südlich und westlich der Suco Railaco Leten.

In Deleso liegen die beiden Dörfer Boeh-Mata (Behemata) und Lebubo (Lebudo). In Lebubo gibt es eine Grundschule.

Im Suco befinden sich die zwei Aldeias Boeh-Mata und Lebubo.

Einwohner
Im Suco leben 484 Einwohner (2022), davon sind 251 Männer und 233 Frauen. Im Suco gibt es 71 Haushalte. Fast 60 % der Einwohner geben Mambai als ihre Muttersprache an. Fast 43 % sprechen Tetum Prasa, kleine Minderheiten sprechen Kemak, Tokodede, Lolein, Atauru, Baikeno oder Tetum Terik.

Politik
Bei den Wahlen von 2004/2005 wurde Mario da Cruz zum Chefe de Suco gewählt. Bei den Wahlen 2009 gewann Carlito de Jesus und 2016 Ananias Martins Huno.

Weblinks

 Ergebnisse des Zensus 2010 für den Suco Deleso (tetum; PDF; 8,07 MB)
 Ergebnisse des Zensus 2015 für den Suco Deleso (tetum; PDF)
 Seeds of Life: Suco information sheets Railaco (tetum)

Einzelnachweise

Suco in Ermera (Gemeinde)

Deleso


Heinrich August Emil Dohm (født 27. september 1875 i København, død 28. januar 1940 sammesteds) var en dansk maler.

Dohm er uddannet på Kunstakademiet i København hos Otto Bache og Frants Henningsen fra 1894 til 1898.

Heinrich Dohm malede især portrætter, landskaber og folkelivsbilleder. Maleriet Christian X rider over Grænsen 1920 efter Genforeningen fra 1921 skabte opmærksomhed omkring Dohms navn og gav ham genbrud som portrætmaler. Fra ca. 1925 dyrkede Dohm om sommeren friluftsmaleri på Fanø.

Eksterne henvisninger

Malere fra Danmark

Heinrich Dohm


Erich Kuß (* 14. Juni 1927 in Wanne-Eickel; † 20. Oktober 2021 in Miesbach) war ein deutscher Biochemiker und Laboratoriumsmediziner.

Leben und Wirken
Erich Kuß wurde 1927 in Wanne-Eickel geboren. Nach Abschluss des Gymnasiums wurde er im Zweiten Weltkrieg am 15. Februar 1943 Luftwaffenhelfer, 1944 Arbeitsmann im Reichsarbeitsdienst, dann Soldat der Fallschirmjäger und im März 1945 Kriegsgefangener der US-Armee, die ihn im Sommer des gleichen Jahres an Frankreich auslieferte. Im Oktober 1948 wurde in seine Heimat entlassen.

Die in jenen Jahren vor der Einberufung zur Wehrmacht erteilten Reifevermerke der Oberschulen wurden nach dem Krieg nicht anerkannt. Also musste Erich Kuß, wie alle Absolventen jener Jahrgänge, einen "Förderkurs" absolvieren, um eine der Voraussetzungen zum Studium zu erfüllen. Die finanziellen Voraussetzungen zum Studium erarbeitete er sich unter Tage auf Zeche Shamrock III/IV, einem Steinkohle-Bergwerk in Wanne-Eickel. Seine intellektuellen Voraussetzungen wies er am 6. Oktober 1950 durch ein "Aufnahmegespräch" mit dem damaligen Dekan der Fakultät für Chemie der Technischen Hochschule Darmstadt, Hans Wolfgang Kohlschütter, nach. 1951 wurde er Mitglied des Corps Rhenania Darmstadt.

Nach dem Diplomchemiker-Vorexamen 1953 wechselte er an die Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, wo er auch das Medizinstudium aufnahm, das er, wie auch das Chemiestudium ein Jahr später an der Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen fortsetzte. Dort bestand er 1955 die Diplomchemikerhauptprüfung und 1956 die ärztliche Vorprüfung. Seine Diplomarbeit "Darstellung von β-Carboxy-Lysin" und die Dissertation "Die enzymatische Oxidation der 3-Hydroxy-Anthranilsäure" fertigte Kuß unter Anleitung Adolf Butenandts im Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, zunächst in Tübingen, ab 1956 in München, an. Hier wurde er 1959 zum Dr. rer. nat. promoviert. 1960 bestand Kuß das medizinische Staatsexamen, 1963 erhielt er die Approbation als Arzt und wurde er zum Dr. med. promoviert. Thema dieser Doktorarbeit war die "Hemmung der Gewebsatmung durch Östrogene". 1971 erhielt er die Anerkennung als Facharzt für Laboratoriumsmedizin.

Ab 1960 baute Kuß als wissenschaftlicher Assistent im Auftrag von Werner Bickenbach an der I. Universitätsfrauenklinik der Universität München ein Laboratorium für Klinische Chemie und Biochemie auf. Dieses leitete er später als Akademischer Direktor und zuletzt als Abteilungsvorsteher, auch unter Bickenbachs Nachfolger Josef Zander.

Mit der Arbeit "Eine Gruppe neuer Östrogen-Metabolite: Isolierung, Identifizierung und Synthese der Glutathion-Thioäther von 2,3-Dihydroxy-Östratrienen" habilitierte sich Erich Kuß 1969 für Klinische Chemie und Biochemie an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München und wurde im gleichen Jahr zum Privatdozenten ernannt. 1975 erhielt er die Ernennung zum apl. Professor. Seine wissenschaftlichen Hauptarbeitsgebiete waren das acyclische Zwischenprodukt der Nicotinsäure-Biosynthese, der Stoffwechsel und Wirkungsmechanismus steroidaler Östrogene, der maternofetaler und fetomaternaler Transport in der Plazenta, die Entwicklung immunchemischer Analyseverfahren, die Validierung klinisch-chemischer Untersuchungen, sowie die rationelle und rationale medizinische Diagnostik. Im Jahr 1992 wurde Erich Kuß pensioniert.

Nach seiner Pensionierung befasste sich Erich Kuß mehr mit historischen und medizinhistorischen Themen, insbesondere der Biografie des Gynäkologen Heinrich Eymer, der von 1934 bis 1954 die Münchener Universitätsfrauenklinik geleitet hatte. Seine Publikation Ein Klinikdirektor in politischer Bedrängnis wurde wiederholt und von verschiedenen Seiten heftig als verharmlosend kritisiert. Seine Verteidigung von Zwangssterilisationen im Nationalsozialismus und der Eugenik führte 1991 zum Vorwurf, zu den Ewiggestrigen zu gehören, gegen den er sich in einem offenen Brief an seine Fakultät zu verteidigen suchte.

Erich Kuß war mit der Lehrerin Gabriele Kuß, geb. Vorster, verheiratet, einer Tochter des Pfarrers Friedrich Vorster (1903–1982), der von 1959 bis 1970 als Dekan dem Kirchenbezirk Nürtingen vorstand und der, durch Adolf Vorster begründeten, weitverzweigten Vorster'schen Papiermacher-Dynastie angehörte. Das Paar hat vier Kinder, die Opern- und Theaterregisseurin Annette Kuß, die Geigerin Bettina Kuss, die Ärztin Susanne Kuß und den Juristen Michael Kuss.

Schriften (Auswahl)
 Water soluble metabolites of oestrogens: A model of covalent steroid protein binding. In: M. Finkelstein, A. Klopper, C. Conti, C. Cassano (Hrsg.): Research on Steroids. Bd. IV, Pergamon Press (1970), S. 49–59.
 Preparation and purification of α-amino-β-carboxy-muconic acid-ε-semialdehyde, the acyclic intermediate of nicotinic acid biosynthesis. In: D. B. McCormick, L. D. Wright: Vitamins and Coenzymes, Part B. Bd. XVIII von: S. P. Colowick, N. O. Kaplan (Hrsg.): Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, New York 1971, S. 49–50.
 mit Richard Goebel: Diagnostischer Wert der Östrogenbestimmung – Erfahrungen bei der Überwachung von Risikoschwangerschaften. In: Erich Saling, Franz-Josef Schulte (Hrsg.): Perinatale Medizin. Bd. II, Thieme, Stuttgart 1972, S. 42–45.
 Klinische Chemie in der Perinatologie. In: Ernst-Joachim Hickl, Klaus Riegel (Hrsg.): Angewandte Perinatologie. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München 1974, S. 178–210.
 Determination of total estrogens in pregnancy urine by spectrophotometry. In: H. Breuer, D. Hamel, H. L. Krüskemper (Hrsg.): Methods of Hormone Analysis. Thieme, Stuttgart 1975, S. 463–468.
 Richard Goebel, Hanns-Kristian Rjosk, Erich Kuß: Diagnostische Wertigkeit der Serumöstrogenbestimmung im Vergleich mit anderen chemischen Überwachungsmethoden bei Risikoschwangerschaften. In: Joachim Wolfram Dudenhausen, Erich Saling, Eberhard Schmidt (Hrsg.): Perinatale Medizin. Bd. VI, Thieme, Stuttgart 1975, S. 143–144.
 Laboratoriumsdiagnostik. In: Gerhard Martius (Hrsg.): Hebammenlehrbuch. 3. Auflage, Thieme, Stuttgart 1979, S. 65–72.
 Ansätze zur Chemie und Immunologie des Ovarialkarzinoms. In: Josef Zander (Hrsg.): Ovarialkarzinom. Fortschritte für das diagnostische und therapeutische Handeln. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München 1982, S. 41–62.
 Biochemie und Physiologie der Fortpflanzung. In: Josef Zander (Hrsg.): Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe. Bd. I/1: Sexuelle Differenzierung, Genetik, Fortpflanzung, Kindheit und Pubertät. 2. Auflage, Thieme, Stuttgart 1987, 4.13–4.137.
 mit Leif Dibbelt, Josef Zander: Die Hormone der Plazenta. In: Josef Zander (Hrsg.): Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe. Bd. I/1, Sexuelle Differenzierung, Genetik, Fortpflanzung, Kindheit und Pubertät. 2. Auflage, Thieme, Stuttgart 1987, 4.138–4.167.
 Hormonbestimmungen. In: Josef Zander (Hrsg.): Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe. Bd. I/1, Sexuelle Differenzierung, Genetik, Fortpflanzung, Kindheit und Pubertät. 2. Auflage, Thieme, Stuttgart 1987, 4.168–4.221.
 Weibliche Sexualhormone. In: Gerhard Maschinski (Hrsg.): Medikamente in der Zahnarztpraxis. Teil 3, Spitta, Balingen 1994, Kapitel 31, S. 1–10.
 mit Josef Zander: Vom Schreiben und Lesen wissenschaftlicher Texte. Geburtsh Frauenh 55 (1995), S. 414–424.
 mit Josef Zander, Kurt Holzmann: Frauenheilkunde – Literatur – Wissenschaft: Versuch einer Standortbestimmung. Thieme, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-13-100381-2.
 Inhumane Praktiken in der I. Frauenklinik der Universität München. Geburth Frauenheilk 55 (1995), 291–298 (PDF-Dokument; 5,2 MB).
 Ein Klinikdirektor in politischer Bedrängnis: der Direktor der I. Frauenklinik der Universität München, Professor Dr. Heinrich Eymer, "subject of investigation" der Militärregierung und "Betroffener" im Spruchkammerverfahren, jetzt im Zwielicht der "Vergangenheitsbewältigung". Würzburger medizinhistorische Mitteilungen 19 (2000), 283–388 (PDF-Dokument; 874 kB); Shaker, Aachen 1999, ISBN 3-8265-6751-X.
 Denkmäler, Monumente und das Ehrenmal der Fallschirmjäger. Der Deutsche Fallschirmjäger 5 (1999) S. 7-8.
 Heinrich Eymer. Die Vergangenheitsüber(be)wältigung und die Selbstkontrolle der Wissenschaft. München 2011 (PDF-Dokument; 981 kB).
 Rahlenbeck: Malörchen im Haus von Grütern zu Altendorf, Aufschwung der Textilherstellung in Hagen und Lumpenkrieg zwischen den Vorsterschen Papiermühlen in Delstern und Eilpe. München 2012 (PDF-Dokument; 384 kB).
 Unsere Wanner Renne von um 1930 bis um 1940: mit nördlichem und südlichem "Auslauf". O. O. 2014 (PDF-Dokument; 1,4 MB).
 Oberschule für Jungen Wanne Eickel und ihre Sexta b von 1937. Selbstverlag, o. O. 2014 (PDF-Dokument; 7,8 MB).
 Die Breslauer Familie Milch und ihre jüdischen oder deutschen Nachkommen. Shaker, Aachen 2016, ISBN 978-3-8440-4727-1.

Literatur
 Sven Kinas: Adolf Butenandt (1903–1995) und seine Schule. Band 18 von Veröffentlichungen aus dem Archiv zur Geschichte der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. Archiv zur Geschichte der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-927579-19-X, Seite 120.
 Wolfgang Vogt, Josef Zander: Zur Interaktion von Klinik, Laboratoriumsmedizin und biochemischer Forschung.DG Klinische Chemie Mitteilungen 24 (1993) 79 - 99.
 Gerd Jütting: Von den Anfängen der Laboratorien für Biochemie und für Klinische Chemie der I. Frauenklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. DG Klinische Chemie Mitteilungen 24 (1993) Heft 2, 80-82, online (PDF-Dokument; 261 kB)

Einzelnachweise

Hochschullehrer (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)
Biochemiker
Chemiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Chemiker (21. Jahrhundert)
Mediziner (20. Jahrhundert)
Mediziner (21. Jahrhundert)
Corpsstudent (20. Jahrhundert)
Deutscher
Geboren 1927
Gestorben 2021
Mann

Erich Kuß


Extincția Permian–Triasic (P–Tr), colocvial cunoscută drept Moartea cea Mare sau Marea Extincție din Permian, a avut loc acum aproximativ 252 milioane de ani, formând limita dintre perioadele geologice Permian și Triasic, precum și epocile paleozoice și mezozoice. Este cea mai mare extincție în masă cunoscută din istoria Pământului, în care 96% din toate speciile marine și 70% din vertebratele terestre au dispărut. Este singura extincție în masă cunoscută și pentru insecte. În jur de 57% din toate familiile și 85% din toate genurile au dispărut. Din cauza biodiveristății pierdute, recuperarea vieții de pe Pământ a avut loc într-un interval de timp semnificativ mai mare decât după orice altă extincție în masă, posibil până la 10 milioane de ani.

Datarea extincției
Până în anul 2000, s-a crezut că secvențele de rocă care acoperă granița Permian-Triasic erau prea puține și conțineau prea multe lacune pentru oamenii de știință pentru a determina în mod fiabil detaliile sale.
Bazat pe înaltă precizie a datelor U-Pb zirconiu pentru cinci straturi de cenușă vulcanică din Stratotype, extincția a avut loc între 251.941 ± 0.037 și 251.880 ± 0.031 milioane de ani în urmă, o durată de 60.000 de ani. O mare (aproximativ 0,9%) scădere globală bruscă a raportului izotopului stabil Carbon-13 la Carbon-12 coincide cu această extincție. și este uneori folosită pentru a identifica în roci granița Permian-Triasic.

S-a sugerat că limita Permian-Triasic este asociată cu o creștere bruscă în abundență de ciuperci marine și terestre, cauzate de creșterea bruscă a cantității de plante moarte și animale hrănite de către fungi. Pentru un timp, acest "vârf de fungi" a fost folosit de unii paleontologi pentru a identifica granița Permian-Triasic în rocile care nu sunt potrivite pentru datare radiometrică sau din care lipsesc fosilele, dar chiar și cei care au propus această ipoteză au subliniat că vârful de fungi este posibil să fi fost un fenomen repetitiv creat de ecosistemul post-extincție în Triasicul târziu. Ipoteza a fost criticată din mai multe motive, printre care: Reduviasporonites  cel mai frecvent presupus spor fungic, a fost de fapt o algă fosilizată; vârful de fungi nu apare în întreaga lume și în multe locuri nu a căzut pe granița Permian-Triasic.

Unele dovezi sugerează că au existat mai multe impulsuri de extincție sau că extincția s-a răspândit de-a lungul a câtorva milioane de ani, cu un vârf ascuțit în ultimele milioane de ani de Permian. O teorie mai veche, încă susținută în unele lucrări recente, este că au existat două impulsuri majore de extincție de 9,4 milioane de ani, separate printr-o perioadă de extincții mult peste nivelul de fond, și că extincția finală a ucis doar aproximativ 80% din speciile marine vii la acel moment, în timp ce alte pierderi au avut loc în timpul primului impuls sau în intervalul dintre impulsuri.

Conform unui studiu al cercetătorilor de la Universitatea Calgary din Canada, Marea Extincție din Permian a fost consecința unei serii importante de erupții vulcanice, care ar fi revărsat mai întâi în atmosferă cantități importante de cenușă. Ei au descoperit în rocile din actuala regiune arctică din Canada straturi semnificative de cenușă din cărbune corespunzătoare stratificărilor geologice datând din epoca respectivă. Vulcanii aflați la originea catastrofei erau cei din formația cunoscută sub numele de "Siberian Traps", o zona care în prezent își are centrul în orașul siberian Tura, extinzându-se până la Yakutsk, Norilsk și Irkutsk, pe o suprafață de circa 2 milioane km pătrați, cam cât este întreaga suprafață a Europei.

Note

Extincție în masă
Permian
Triasic
Fanerozoic
Biologie evolutivă
Schimbări climatice

Extincția Permian-Triasic


Fereydoon Batmanghelidj (Iran, 1930. ili 1931. – 15. studenoga 2004.), po zanimanju bio liječnik i jedan od posljednjih učenika sir Alexandera Fleminga, otkrivača penicilina.

U znanstvenoj zajednici nisu se svi slagali s njegovim radovima. Teorije mu je kritizirao Stephen Barrett, suosnivač National Council Against Health Fraud i održavatelj stranica Quackwatcha koje prate nadriliječništvo, temeljem nekoliko stvari, uključujući nedostatak ikojeg dokumentiranog istraživanja koje je prošlo recenziranje te pretjerivanje u brojkama uspješno liječenih pacijenata. Barrett pod upitnik stavlja Batmanghelidjevo bavljenje medicinom u SAD, ukazujući da nije bio registriran kao liječnik. Bio je licenciran kao naturopat.

Njegova je epopeja počela kad je jednoj osobi koja se previjala od abdominalnih bolova uzrokovanih bolešću morao dati dvije čaše vode jer u tom trenutku pri ruci nije imao ništa drugo. Čovjek se grčio od bolova, a voda mu je na čudesan način ublažila muke. Za tri minute bol se smanjila, a za osam minuta sasvim je nestala. Iako se osam minuta ranije presavijao od bolova, čak nije mogao niti govoriti, čovjek se potpuno oporavio. Zatim mu se lice ozarilo širokim osmijehom, od uha do uha. Bio je vrlo sretan i pitao ga je što da radi ako se bol vrati? Odgovorio mu je: "Pa, popijte još vode." Potom je odlučio savjetovati mu da svaka tri sata popije po dvije čaše vode. Što je i učinio, čime su okončani njegovi bolovi uzrokovani čirom, za sve vrijeme dok se liječio kod Batmanghelidja.

To ga je trgnulo i dalo poticaj za istraživanje. Naime, na medicinskom fakultetu nikada nije čuo da bi voda mogla olakšati bol tj. takvu vrstu boli. I tako je došao u prigodu da testira ljekovite učinke vode u preko 3000 sličnih slučajeva. Voda se svaki puta pokazala djelotvornim lijekom. To mu je iskustvo ukazalo na činjenicu da su svi ti ljudi bili žedni, a da se žeđ u tijelu može očitovati u obliku trbušne boli, u tolikoj mjeri da čovjek može obnevidjeti od boli i zapasti u gotovo polusvjesno stanje; barem su to bila njegova iskustva. Nakon pijenja vode svaki put su seoporavili.

1982. godine pozvan je na Sveučilište u Pennsylvaniji nastaviti s istraživanjem kako voda ublažava bol. Zapitao se zašto farmaceutska industrija uporno nudi antihistamine za ovakvu vrstu ublažavanja bolova. Stoga je započeo istraživati ulogu histamina u tijelu. Ustanovio je da je histamin neurotransmiter zadužen za regulaciju vode te za tjelesne programe upravljanja nedostatkom vode. Kada se stanje očituje u vidu bolova, ono, zapravo, upućuje na dehidraciju.

Dr. Batmanghelidj je osnovao organizaciju koja se sada zove Nacionalno udruženje za promicanje poštenja u medicini (National Association for Honesty in Medicine). Jer je doista nepošteno, štoviše kriminalno, liječiti osobu koja je samo žedna i dati joj otrovne medikamente od kojih će se razboljeti i umrijeti prije negoli bi trebala. Djela prevedena na hrvatski: Voda liječi kemikalije ubijaju.

Knjige
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, How to Deal with Back Pain & Rheumatoid Joint Pain (1991), Global Health Solutions;
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, Your Body's Many Cries for Water (1992), Global Health Solutions,
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, Water: Rx for A Healthier, Pain-free Life (1997), Global Health Solutions; Cas&Bklt edition,
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, ABC of Asthma, Allergies and Lupus: Eradicate Asthma - Now!, (2000), Global Health Solutions,
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, Water For Health, For Healing, For Life (2003), Warner Books,
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, You're not sick, you're thirsty! (2003), Grand Central Publishing,
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, Water Cures: Drugs Kill: How Water Cured Incurable Diseases, (2003) Global Health Solutions,
Batmanghelidj, Fereydoon, Obesity Cancer Depression; Their Common Cause & Natural Cure, (2005) Global Health Solutions;

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
(eng.) WorldCat

Liječnici
Iranski znanstvenici
Američki znanstvenici

Fereydoon Batmanghelidj


التيتانوبوا  (البواء العملاقة) نوعٌ من الحيات العملاقة التي عاشت قبل ستين مليون سنة، في العهد الباليوسيني. (فترة تمتد لعشرة ملايين سنة تعقب انقراض الديناصورات مباشرة. النوع الوحيد المعروف ضمن جنس التيتانوبوا هو التيتانوبوا السيريخونية (Titanoboa cerrejonensis) أكبر أفعى مكتشفة على الإطلاق، والتي حلت محل حاملة اللقب السابقة الجيجانتوفيس.

الحجم
بالمقارنة ما بين مستحاثة هذه الحية وتلك التي لحيات منقرضة أخرى، يُقدر الباحثون أن تيتانوبوا سيريخونية وصلت إلى طول يتراوح ما بين اثني عشر إلى خمسة عشر متراً، وبلغ وزنها 1135 كيلوغراماً، أما قطرها فبلغ متراً عند أغلظ جزء في الجسم.

الموقع
وجدت مُستحاثات ثمانية وعشرين تيتانوبوا سيريخونية في مناجم الفحم في سيريخون شمال كولومبيا في 2009. قبل هذا الاكتشاف وُجدت مستحاثات قليلة لأفاعي من الحقبة الباليوسينية في المناخات الاستوائية القديمة في أمريكا الجنوبية. اكتُشِفت الحية في حملة قام بها فريق علماء دوليين بقيادة جوناثان بلوك من جامعة فلوريدا وكارلوس جاراميلو من معهد الأبحاث الاستوائية السميثوني في بنما.

الحرارة
لأن الثعابين باردة الدم، يُلمح الكشف إلى أن منطقة الاستواء، محل سكن الكائن، كان أكثر حرارة مما اعتقده العلماء، بمعدلٍ يُقدر بتسعين فهرنهايت. مناخ الأرض الأدفأ خلال حقبة التيتانوبوا سمح للثعابين باردة الدم بالوصول إلى أحجام تفوق مثيلتها لدى جيات الحقبة المعاصرة. وعلى سبيل المثال، فمن بين الحيوانات باردة الدم الموجودة اليوم، فإن تلك التي تعيش في المناطق الاستوائية هي الأكبر حجماً، بينما تعيش الأصغر بعيداً عن خط الاستواء.

مقارنة الحجم
تراوحت أطوال أكبر ثمانٍ من بين حيات تيتانوبوا سيريخونية الثماني والعشرين بين اثني عشرة متراً وخمسة عشرة متراً. بالمقارنة، فإن أكبر حياتٍ موجودة هي البايثونات التي تبلغ أطوالها تسعة أمتار والأناكوندات التي تبلغ أطوالها سبعة أمتارٍ ونصف وتُعتبر الأثقل على الأرض. في الطرف الآخر من المقياس، يبلغ طول أصغر حية موجودة عشرة سنتيمرات.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 A Snake the Size of a Plane: How did prehistoric animals get so big? By Nina Shen Rastogi. 5 February 2009.
 BBC article on Titanoboa

أجناس الثعابين
أجناس زواحف قبتاريخية
بواءات
أصنوفات أحفورية وصفت في 2009
حيوانات أمريكا الجنوبية المنقرضة

تيتانوبوا


Pre@Clasic este al patrulea album de studio lansat de cantautorul român Florin Chilian. Albumul a fost lansat în anul 2017, la casa de discuri Luna PR & Events. Pre@Clasic reprezintă o reinterpretare a muzicii clasice, albumul fiind gândit și scris în totalitate pentru cvartet de corzi (muzică de cameră și voce). Prin acest album, Chilian "inventează" un nou gen muzical ce îmbină muzica pop cu muzica preclasică. Materialul a apărut pe piață în formate cvadruplu LP, triplu CD audio, cât și în format electronic (stick de memorie USB ce include partiturile cântecelor).

Lista pieselor

Detalii tehnice
 Florin Chilian – vocal, muzică, texte, producător muzical
 Ștefan Elefteriu – inginer de sunet, producător muzical
Înregistrările, mixajul, mastering-ul final au fost realizate la Studioul Sound Expert, București, 2009–2017.

Note și bibliografie

Albume de Florin Chilian
Albume din 2017

Pre@Clasic


Sasaella is a genus of Japanese bamboo in the grass family.

Species
 Sasaella bitchuensis (Makino) Koidz – southern Honshu
 Sasaella caudiceps (Koidz.) Koidz. – Honshu
 Sasaella hidaensis (Makino) Makino, Hishu zasa – Honshu, Shikoku
 Sasaella hisauchii (Makino) Makino, Hime suzu – Honshu, Shikoku
 Sasaella kogasensis (Nakai) Nakai ex Koidz,  Kogashi azuma zasa – Hokkaido, Honshu
 Sasaella leucorhoda (Koidz.) Koidz. – Honshu
 Sasaella masamuneana (Makino) Hatsushima & Muroi, Genkei chiku – Japan
 Sasaella ramosa  (Makino) Makino, Azuma zasa – Japan; naturalized in Great Britain + New Zealand
 Sasaella sadoensis (Makino ex Koidz.) Sad.Suzuki – Honshu
 Sasaella sawadae (Makino) Makino ex Koidzum – Honshu
 Sasaella shiobarensis (Nakai) Koidz. – Honshu

formerly included
species now included in other genera: Pleioblastus Sasa

References

Bambusoideae
Bambusoideae genera
Endemic flora of Japan

nl:Sasaella

Sasaella


Aeroportul Luton (Londra) (IATA: LTN, ICAO: EGGW) este un aeroport internațional situat în Bedfordshire, la 2,8 km est de centrul orasului Luton și la 46,71 km (29 mile) nord de centrul Londrei.Este unul dintre aeroporturile preferate de companiile aeriane low-cost datorită taxei mici pe pasager (5,66 lire sterline).

Aeroportul se află la 3,2 km de joncțiunea (i.e. nod-ul rutier) 10 de pe autostrada M1.

În anul 2015 12,5 milioane pasageri au tranzitat aeroportul iar în 2016 14.645.619, fiind al cincilea ca mărime din UK și al patrulea din jurul Londrei după Aeroportul Heathrow, Aeroportul Gatwick, Aeroportul Stansted.

Este unul din cele șase aeroporturi internaționale din Londra împreună cu Aeroportul Heathrow, Aeroportul Gatwick, Aeroportul Stansted, Aeroportul Londra City și Aeroportul Southend, fiind bază pentru Easyjet, Ryanair, Thomson Airways, Monarch, Wizz Air.

Wizz Air este al doilea mare operator, după Easyjet, de pe acest aeroport având 50 de curse pe zi spre 35 destinații (ie. aeroporturi) și transportând 5,5 milioane pasageri în 2017.

Aeroportul operează cu un singur terminal având 25 porți de îmbarcare și o singură pistă de asfalt în lungime de 2162 m ce se dorește a fi mărită la 3000 m.

Istoric
A fost înființat în 1938 și folosit de Aviația Regală Britanică în al Doilea Război Mondial.

În 2005  London Luton Airport Operations Limited, firmă ce deține concesiunea aeroportului, a fost achiziționată de Airport Concessions Development Limited, la rândul ei detinută de un consorțiu de firme spaniole unde  90% din acțiuni aparțin Albertis Infraestrucutras (companie cu capital privat) și 10 % aparțin Aena Internacional (companie de stat).

Plan de dezvoltare
În 2004, managementul aeroportului a anunțat că a primit sprijin guvernamental pentru aplicarea planului de creștere a pistei și de construire a unui nou terminal. Cu toate acestea, organizațiile locale din Luton, cum ar fi Asociația pentru controlul zgomotului aeronavelor (eng. District Association for the Control of Aircraft Noise (LADACAN)) și Opriți planurile de dezvoltare ale aeroportului Luton (eng. Stop Luton Airport Plan (SLAP)) exprimă protest împotriva acestor planuri de dezvoltare. Principalul lor argument este creșterea poluării fonice; LADACAN menționează, de asemenea, că reconstrucția va afecta un obiect de patrimoniu cultural, Castelul Someries. La 6 iulie 2007, a fost anunțat că proprietarii de aeroporturi au decis să revizuiască planurile pentru construirea unei a doua piste și a unui nou terminal din motive financiare.

Date finaciare
Airport Concessions Development Limited are 146,95 milioane lire sterline  cifră de afaceri (2015), un profit net de 32,7 milioane având un capital uman de 646 angajați si capital/active de 220 milioane lire sterline, din care 135 milioane active depreciate (durata de viață de 5-30 ani) ce au fost scăzute din profitul brut pe anii precedenți. Din 2016 se vor investi 150 milioane gpd pe următorii 5 ani.

Trafic

Dacă la nivelul anului 1997 aeroportul avea un trafic  de 3.238.458 pasageri și 21.354 tone cargo , în anul 2008 a ajuns la 10,180 milioane pasageri pentru ca în 2010, datorită crizei fianciare creeată de băncile de stat centrale, să scadă la 8,7 milioane pasageri.

Blue Air, TAROM, Wizz Air au curse directe spre România de pe acest aeroport. Wizz Air operează curse directe spre Chișinău.

În 2015  945.200 pasageri au folosit acest aeroport din/spre România pentru ca în 2017 să ajungă 1,6 milioane pasageri, 60% din cei 2,7 milioane pasageri ce călatoresc din/spre Marea Britanie și România folosesc acest aeroport. Este pe primul loc, într-un clasament cu cei mai multi pasageri ce calătoresc din/spre România, pe locul doi fiind Milano-Bergamo cu 852.000 pasageri. Pentru Republica Moldova sau înregistrat 83 de mii de călători în 2017, toți pe Aeroportul Internațional Chișinău.

Acces

Mașina
Aeroportul este situat la câțiva kilometri de M1, care leagă Londra de Leeds și se conectează la M25. În apropierea terminalului există  parcare pe termen scurt, parcarea pe termen mediu și lung aflându-se la vest și est de terminal, fiind conectate la terminal prin autobuze.

Tren
Luton Airport Parkway railway station a fost construită în 1999 pentru a deservi aeroportul. Aceasta este situată pe Midland Mainline. Trenurile operatorului de transport feroviar First Capital Connect leagă aeroportul de Bedford, St. Albans, Londra, Wimbledon, Sutton, Aeroportul Gatwick și Brighton. Trenurile East Midlands pleacă la fiecare oră către Londra, St. Pancras și la nord spre Leicester, Nottingham și Leeds. Autobuzul de transfer gratuit leagă stația de aeroport, traseul fiind de aproximativ o milă.

Autobuz
Rețeaua locală de autobuze leagă Aeroportul Luton de centrul orașului Luton și de alte localități. Antrenorii Green Line și easyBus (cu sosire la Victoria Station) oferă legături directe cu autobuzul spre Londra. Autobuzele naționale Express fac legătura cu alte orașe din Midlands și din nordul Angliei.

Cea mai rapidă cale de a ajunge la aeroport este considerat Luton Airport Parkway (30 de minute de la stația St. Pancras). National Express ajunge în aproximativ 1 oră și 10 minute.

Legături externe

 Legături de pe aeroportul London-Luton  (prezentare grafică actuală)

Referințe

Luton
Clădiri și structuri din 1938

Aeroportul Luton


Leonard Darwin  (15 January 1850 – 26 March 1943) was an English politician, economist and eugenicist. He was a son of the naturalist Charles Darwin, and also a mentor to Ronald Fisher, a statistician and evolutionary biologist.

Biography
Leonard Darwin was born in 1850 at Down House, Kent, into the wealthy Darwin–Wedgwood family. He was the fourth son and eighth child of the naturalist Charles Darwin and his wife Emma Wedgwood, and the last of Darwin's immediate offspring to die. He considered himself the least intelligent of their children – brothers Frank, George and Horace were all elected Fellows of the Royal Society. He was sent to Clapham School in 1862.

Darwin joined the Royal Engineers in 1871. Between 1877 and 1882 he worked for the Intelligence Division of the Ministry of War. He went on several scientific expeditions, including those to observe the Transit of Venus in 1874 and 1882.

In 1890, Darwin was promoted to the rank of major, but soon left the army and from 1892 to 1895 was a Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament (MP) for Lichfield constituency in Staffordshire, where his grandfather, Josiah Wedgwood II, had also been an MP. He wrote vigorously on the economic issues of the day: bimetallism, Indian currency reform and municipal trade.

Darwin married Elizabeth Frances Fraser on . She died 16 years later, on . On , he married his second cousin, Charlotte Mildred Massingberd, granddaughter of Charlotte Wedgwood, his mother's sister. Their shared ancestor was Josiah Wedgwood II. His wife Charlotte's paternal grandfather married his paternal aunt, after her grandmother Charlotte's death. Since Leonard's parents were cousins, Charlotte was also a second cousin on his father's side. Leonard had no children from either marriage.

He was president of the Royal Geographical Society from 1908 to 1911 and chairman of the British Eugenics Society from 1911 to 1928 – succeeding his half-cousin once removed Francis Galton. He became the society's honorary president in 1928. In 1912 the University of Cambridge conferred on him an honorary doctorate of science.

Darwin played an important part in the life of the geneticist and statistician Ronald Fisher, supporting him intellectually, morally and sometimes financially. Fisher, replying to Darwin's congratulations on his election to the Royal Society, replied on , "I knew you would be glad, and your pleasure is as good to me almost as though my own father were still living."

Some years before, Fisher had resigned from the Royal Statistical Society after a disagreement. Darwin regretted this and engineered Fisher's re-entry by making him a gift of a life-time subscription. Fisher's 1930 book The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection is dedicated to Darwin. After Darwin's death in 1943 at the age of 93, Fisher wrote to Darwin's niece, Margaret Keynes, "My very dear friend Leonard Darwin... was surely the kindest and wisest man I ever knew."

Darwin retired to Cripps Corner at Forest Row, East Sussex in 1921, with his second wife Charlotte Mildred Massingberd (died 1940), and lived there until his death in 1943. He and Charlotte were buried at Forest Row Cemetery. Leonard Darwin was the last surviving child of Charles Darwin.

Publications

References

Bibliography
W. F. Edwards: "Darwin, Leonard", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press), 2004. Pay-walled
Leonard Darwin, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 04/01/1944, Vol. 104 (2), pp. 89–90
Norberto Serpente, "More than a Mentor: Leonard Darwin's Contribution to the Assimilation of Mendelism into Eugenics and Darwinism", Journal of the History of Biology, Vol. 49 (3), 2016, p. 641 (34)
R. A. Fisher, J. H. Bennet and L. Darwin, Natural Selection, Heredity and Eugenics: Including Selected Correspondence of R. A. Fisher with Leonard Darwin and Others (Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press), 1983
Leonard Darwin, The Need for Eugenic Reform (London, UK: John Murray), 1926

External links

1850 births
1943 deaths
Darwin–Wedgwood family
English eugenicists
Liberal Unionist Party MPs for English constituencies
People from Downe
Presidents of the Royal Geographical Society
Royal Engineers officers
UK MPs 1892–1895
People from Forest Row

Leonard Darwin


Savior este un cântec înregistrat de formația americană Skillet pentru al doilea ei album de studio, .

Cântece din 2004

Savior (cântec de Skillet)


Der Dr.-Martini-Preis ist der älteste medizinische Preis Deutschlands. Er wird seit 1883 jährlich von der Dr.-Martini-Stiftung in Hamburg zur "Förderung des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses" am 12. Februar vergeben, dem Todestag von Erich Martini. Ausgezeichnet werden Wissenschaftler, die in Hamburger Krankenhäusern tätig sind und sich mit klinischer Grundlagenforschung und neuen Therapieansätzen beschäftigen. Der Preis ist mit 3.000 Euro dotiert (Stand 2012).

2012 wurden Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen zur Rolle der Stiftung und zu den Preisverleihungen in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus veröffentlicht. Dabei wurde bei drei ausgezeichneten Autoren eine ethische Verfehlung im wissenschaftlichen bzw. beruflichen Handeln nachgewiesen. 1944 wurde einmalig für fünf Arbeiten, welche im Rahmen von Wehrmachtseinsätzen entstanden waren und kriegswichtige Themen behandelten, der Kriegsmartini-Preis verliehen.

Der Dr.-Martini-Preis sollte nicht mit dem für Arzneimittelforschung vergebenen Paul-Martini-Preis verwechselt werden.

Preisträger
 2023 Anne Mühlig, Johanna Steingröver, Anastasios Giannou, Jan Kempski, Michael Bockmayr
 2022 Max Kaufmann, Gustav Buescher, Marcial Sebode, Filip Berisha
 2021 Fabian J. Brunner, Christoph Waldeyer, Luzia Veletzky, Jan Kempski, Anastasios Giannou
2020 Angelique Hölzemer, Leonie Konczalla, Gabriel Broocks
 2019 Johannes Mischlinger, Sven Pischke, Benedikt Schrage
 2018 Jan Broder Engler, Anne Rechtien, Matthias Reeh, Tarik Ghadban
 2017 Nicola M. Tomas, Kaja Breckwoldt, Florian Weinberger, Simon Pecha, Hanno Ehlken
 2016 Johannes Hartl, Xuejun Chai, Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
 2015 Diego Sepulveda-Falla, Faik G. Uzunoglu und Matthias Reeh, Benno Kreuels und Dominic Wichmann
 2014 Christian Krebs, Janosch Katt, Christoph Schramm
 2013 Karsten Sydow, Chi-un Choe

 2012 Götz Thomalla
 2011 Christian Bernreuther, Stephanie J. Gros, Andrea Pace
 2010 Kim Hinkelmann, Friedhelm Hummel, Henning Wege
 2009 Elke Hennes, Stefan Lüth, Samuel Huber
 2008 Ulf Panzer
 2007 Wolfram-H. Zimmermann, Djordje Atanackovic, Jussuf T. Kaifi
 2006 Dirk Isbrandt
 2005 Sonja Schrepfer, Tobias Deuse
 2004 Anka Thies, Ralf Benndorf
 2003 Martin Merkel, Tim Strate, Ulrich Wenzel
 2002 Jens Brümmer, Jörg Petersen
 2001 Achim Hörauf, Michael Amling, Judith Dierlamm, Ursula Gehling
 2000 Thomas S. Mir
 1998 Christoph Marcus Bamberger, Joachim Weil, Katrin Engelmann, Matthias Peiper
 1997 Christoph M. Bamberger
 1993 Volker Steinkraus
 1986 Karl Hörmann
 1978 Volker Schumpelick, Niels Bleese, Volker Döring
 1967 Klaus-Dieter Schulz, Heinrich Maass
 1964 Helmut Hilz
 1962 Rolf Grüttner
 1961 Carl Schirren
 1960 Georg-Wilhelm Rodewald
 1959 Henryk Nowakowski
 1944 Heinrich Berning (Kriegsmartinipreis)
 1942 Arnold Dohmen, Paul Laurentius
 1938 Heinrich Berning
 1933 Heinrich Lottig
 1925 Hugo Wilhelm Knipping
 1923 Hermann Adolph Kümmell
 weitere Preisträger: Gerhard Bettendorf

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Medizinpreis
Wissenschaftspreis (Deutschland)
Wissenschaft in Hamburg
Auszeichnung (Hamburg)
Erstverleihung 1883

Dr.-Martini-Preis


This article lists the winners and nominees for the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Male Artist. Currently Luther Vandross holds the record for most wins in this category with five.

Winners and nominees
Winners are listed first and highlighted in bold.

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Multiple wins and nominations

Wins

 7 wins
 Luther Vandross

 3 wins
 Bruno Mars
 Usher

 2 wins
 Babyface
 Chris Brown
 Maxwell
 Pharrell Williams

Nominations

 8 nominations
 Luther Vandross

 7 nominations
 Bruno Mars

 5 nominations
 Chris Brown
 Prince
 Jay Z
 Kendrick Lamar
 John Legend
 Charlie Wilson

 4 nominations
 Anthony Hamilton
 Common
 Michael Jackson

 3 nominations
 Drake
 Mos Def
 Usher
 Kanye West
 Brian McKnight
 Maxwell

 2 nominations
 Babyface
 Cee Lo Green
 Kem
 Lionel Richie
 MAJOR.
 Ne-Yo
 Seal
 Musiq Soulchild
 Justin Timberlake
 Pharrell Williams
 Stevie Wonder

References

NAACP Image Awards


Multi-disciplinary design optimization (MDO) is a field of engineering that uses optimization methods to solve design problems incorporating a number of disciplines. It is also known as multidisciplinary system design optimization (MSDO), and Multidisciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization (MDAO).

MDO allows designers to incorporate all relevant disciplines simultaneously.  The optimum of the simultaneous problem is superior to the design found by optimizing each discipline sequentially, since it can exploit the interactions between the disciplines.  However, including all disciplines simultaneously significantly increases the complexity of the problem.

These techniques have been used in a number of fields, including automobile design, naval architecture, electronics, architecture, computers, and electricity distribution.  However, the largest number of applications have been in the field of aerospace engineering, such as aircraft and spacecraft design.  For example, the proposed Boeing blended wing body (BWB) aircraft concept has used MDO extensively in the conceptual and preliminary design stages.  The disciplines considered in the BWB design are aerodynamics, structural analysis, propulsion, control theory, and economics.

History
Traditionally engineering has normally been performed by teams, each with expertise in a specific discipline, such as aerodynamics or structures.  Each team would use its members' experience and judgement to develop a workable design, usually sequentially.  For example, the aerodynamics experts would outline the shape of the body, and the structural experts would be expected to fit their design within the shape specified.  The goals of the teams were generally performance-related, such as maximum speed, minimum drag, or minimum structural weight.

Between 1970 and 1990, two major developments in the aircraft industry changed the approach of aircraft design engineers to their design problems.  The first was computer-aided design, which allowed designers to quickly modify and analyse their designs.  The second was changes in the procurement policy of most airlines and military organizations, particularly the military of the United States, from a performance-centred approach to one that emphasized lifecycle cost issues.  This led to an increased concentration on economic factors and the attributes known as the "ilities" including manufacturability, reliability, maintainability, etc.

Since 1990, the techniques have expanded to other industries.  Globalization has resulted in more distributed, decentralized design teams.  The high-performance personal computer has largely replaced the centralized supercomputer and the Internet and local area networks have facilitated sharing of design information. Disciplinary design software in many disciplines (such as OptiStruct or NASTRAN, a finite element analysis program for structural design) have become very mature.  In addition, many optimization algorithms, in particular the population-based algorithms, have advanced significantly.

Origins in structural optimization
Whereas optimization methods are nearly as old as calculus, dating back to Isaac Newton, Leonhard Euler, Daniel Bernoulli, and Joseph Louis Lagrange, who used them to solve problems such as the shape of the catenary curve, numerical optimization reached prominence in the digital age. Its systematic application to structural design dates to its advocacy by Schmit in 1960. The success of structural optimization in the 1970s motivated the emergence of multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) in the 1980s. Jaroslaw Sobieski championed decomposition methods specifically designed for MDO applications. The following synopsis focuses on optimization methods for MDO. First, the popular gradient-based methods used by the early structural optimization and MDO community are reviewed. Then those methods developed in the last dozen years are summarized.

Gradient-based methods
There were two schools of structural optimization practitioners using gradient-based methods during the 1960s and 1970s: optimality criteria and mathematical programming. The optimality criteria school derived recursive formulas based on the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) necessary conditions for an optimal design. The KKT conditions were applied to classes of structural problems such as minimum weight design with constraints on stresses, displacements, buckling, or frequencies [Rozvany, Berke, Venkayya, Khot, et al.] to derive resizing expressions particular to each class. The mathematical programming school employed classical gradient-based methods to structural optimization problems. The method of usable feasible directions, Rosen's gradient projection (generalized reduce gradient) method, sequential unconstrained minimization techniques, sequential linear programming and eventually sequential quadratic programming methods were common choices. Schittkowski et al. reviewed the methods current by the early 1990s.

The gradient methods unique to the MDO community derive from the combination of optimality criteria with math programming, first recognized in the seminal work of Fleury and Schmit who constructed a framework of approximation concepts for structural optimization. They recognized that optimality criteria were so successful for stress and displacement constraints, because that approach amounted to solving the dual problem for Lagrange multipliers using linear Taylor series approximations in the reciprocal design space. In combination with other techniques to improve efficiency, such as constraint deletion, regionalization, and design variable linking, they succeeded in uniting the work of both schools. This approximation concepts based approach forms the basis of the optimization modules in modern structural design software such as Altair – Optistruct, ASTROS, MSC.Nastran, PHX ModelCenter, Genesis, iSight, and I-DEAS.

Approximations for structural optimization were initiated by the reciprocal approximation Schmit and Miura for stress and displacement response functions. Other intermediate variables were employed for plates. Combining linear and reciprocal variables, Starnes and Haftka developed a conservative approximation to improve buckling approximations. Fadel chose an appropriate intermediate design variable for each function based on a gradient matching condition for the previous point. Vanderplaats initiated a second generation of high quality approximations when he developed the force approximation as an intermediate response approximation to improve the approximation of stress constraints. Canfield developed a Rayleigh quotient approximation to improve the accuracy of eigenvalue approximations. Barthelemy and Haftka published a comprehensive review of approximations in 1993.

Non-gradient-based methods
In recent years, non-gradient-based evolutionary methods including genetic algorithms, simulated annealing, and ant colony algorithms came into existence. At present, many researchers are striving to arrive at a consensus regarding the best modes and methods for complex problems like impact damage, dynamic failure, and real-time analyses. For this purpose, researchers often employ multiobjective and multicriteria design methods.

Recent MDO methods
MDO practitioners have investigated optimization methods in several broad areas in the last dozen years. These include decomposition methods, approximation methods, evolutionary algorithms, memetic algorithms, response surface methodology, reliability-based optimization, and multi-objective optimization approaches.

The exploration of decomposition methods has continued in the last dozen years with the development and comparison of a number of approaches, classified variously as hierarchic and non hierarchic, or collaborative and non collaborative.
Approximation methods spanned a diverse set of approaches, including the development of approximations based on surrogate models (often referred to as metamodels), variable fidelity models, and trust region management strategies. The development of multipoint approximations blurred the distinction with response surface methods. Some of the most popular methods include Kriging and the moving least squares method.

Response surface methodology, developed extensively by the statistical community, received much attention in the MDO community in the last dozen years. A driving force for their use has been the development of massively parallel systems for high performance computing, which are naturally suited to distributing the function evaluations from multiple disciplines that are required for the construction of response surfaces. Distributed processing is particularly suited to the design process of complex systems in which analysis of different disciplines may be accomplished naturally on different computing platforms and even by different teams.

Evolutionary methods led the way in the exploration of non-gradient methods for MDO applications. They also have benefited from the availability of massively parallel high performance computers, since they inherently require many more function evaluations than gradient-based methods. Their primary benefit lies in their ability to handle discrete design variables and the potential to find globally optimal solutions.

Reliability-based optimization (RBO) is a growing area of interest in MDO. Like response surface methods and evolutionary algorithms, RBO benefits from parallel computation, because the numeric integration to calculate the probability of failure requires many function evaluations. One of the first approaches employed approximation concepts to integrate the probability of failure. The classical first-order reliability method (FORM) and second-order reliability method (SORM) are still popular. Professor Ramana Grandhi used appropriate normalized variables about the most probable point of failure, found by a two-point adaptive nonlinear approximation to improve the accuracy and efficiency. Southwest Research Institute has figured prominently in the development of RBO, implementing state-of-the-art reliability methods in commercial software. RBO has reached sufficient maturity to appear in commercial structural analysis programs like Altair's Optistruct and MSC's Nastran.

Utility-based probability maximization was developed in response to some logical concerns (e.g., Blau's Dilemma) with reliability-based design optimization. This approach focuses on maximizing the joint probability of both the objective function exceeding some value and of all the constraints being satisfied.  When there is no objective function, utility-based probability maximization reduces to a probability-maximization problem.   When there are no uncertainties in the constraints, it reduces to a constrained utility-maximization problem.  (This second equivalence arises because the utility of a function can always be written as the probability of that function exceeding some random variable.)   Because it changes the constrained optimization problem associated with reliability-based optimization into an unconstrained optimization problem, it often leads to computationally more tractable problem formulations.

In the marketing field there is a huge literature about optimal design for multiattribute products and services, based on experimental analysis to estimate models of consumers' utility functions. These methods are known as Conjoint Analysis. Respondents are presented with alternative products, measuring preferences about the alternatives using a variety of scales and the utility function is estimated with different methods (varying from regression and surface response methods to choice models). The best design is formulated after estimating the model. The experimental design is usually optimized to minimize the variance of the estimators. These methods are widely used in practice.

Problem formulation

Problem formulation is normally the most difficult part of the process.  It is the selection of design variables, constraints, objectives, and models of the disciplines.  A further consideration is the strength and breadth of the interdisciplinary coupling in the problem.

Design variables

A design variable is a specification that is controllable from the point of view of the designer.  For instance, the thickness of a structural member can be considered a design variable.  Another might be the choice of material.  Design variables can be continuous (such as a wing span), discrete (such as the number of ribs in a wing), or boolean (such as whether to build a monoplane or a biplane).  Design problems with continuous variables are normally solved more easily.

Design variables are often bounded, that is, they often have maximum and minimum values.  Depending on the solution method, these bounds can be treated as constraints or separately.

One of the important variables that needs to be accounted is an uncertainty. Uncertainty, often referred to as epistemic uncertainty, arises due to lack of knowledge or incomplete information. Uncertainty is essentially unknown variable but it may causes the failure of system.

Constraints

A constraint is a condition that must be satisfied in order for the design to be feasible.  An example of a constraint in aircraft design is that the lift generated by a wing must be equal to the weight of the aircraft.  In addition to physical laws, constraints can reflect resource limitations, user requirements, or bounds on the validity of the analysis models.  Constraints can be used explicitly by the solution algorithm or can be incorporated into the objective using Lagrange multipliers.

Objectives

An objective is a numerical value that is to be maximized or minimized.  For example, a designer may wish to maximize profit or minimize weight.  Many solution methods work only with single objectives.  When using these methods, the designer normally weights the various objectives and sums them to form a single objective.  Other methods allow multiobjective optimization, such as the calculation of a Pareto front.

Models

The designer must also choose models to relate the constraints and the objectives to the design variables.  These models are dependent on the discipline involved.  They may be empirical models, such as a regression analysis of aircraft prices, theoretical models, such as from computational fluid dynamics, or reduced-order models of either of these.  In choosing the models the designer must trade off fidelity with analysis time.

The multidisciplinary nature of most design problems complicates model choice and implementation.  Often several iterations are necessary between the disciplines in order to find the values of the objectives and constraints.  As an example, the aerodynamic loads on a wing affect the structural deformation of the wing.  The structural deformation in turn changes the shape of the wing and the aerodynamic loads.  Therefore, in analysing a wing, the aerodynamic and structural analyses must be run a number of times in turn until the loads and deformation converge.

Standard form

Once the design variables, constraints, objectives, and the relationships between them have been chosen, the problem can be expressed in the following form:

 find   that minimizes  subject to ,  and

where  is an objective,  is a vector of design variables,  is a vector of inequality constraints,  is a vector of equality constraints, and  and  are vectors of lower and upper bounds on the design variables.  Maximization problems can be converted to minimization problems by multiplying the objective by -1.  Constraints can be reversed in a similar manner.  Equality constraints can be replaced by two inequality constraints.

Problem solution

The problem is normally solved using appropriate techniques from the field of optimization.  These include gradient-based algorithms, population-based algorithms, or others.  Very simple problems can sometimes be expressed linearly; in that case the techniques of linear programming are applicable.

Gradient-based methods
Adjoint equation
Newton's method
Steepest descent
Conjugate gradient
Sequential quadratic programming

Gradient-free methods
 Hooke-Jeeves pattern search
 Nelder-Mead method

Population-based methods
Genetic algorithm
Memetic algorithm
Particle swarm optimization
Harmony search
ODMA

Other methods
Random search
Grid search
Simulated annealing
Direct search
IOSO (Indirect Optimization based on Self-Organization)

Most of these techniques require large numbers of evaluations of the objectives and the constraints.  The disciplinary models are often very complex and can take significant amounts of time for a single evaluation.  The solution can therefore be extremely time-consuming.  Many of the optimization techniques are adaptable to parallel computing.  Much current research is focused on methods of decreasing the required time.

Also, no existing solution method is guaranteed to find the global optimum of a general problem (see No free lunch in search and optimization). Gradient-based methods find local optima with high reliability but are normally unable to escape a local optimum.  Stochastic methods, like simulated annealing and genetic algorithms, will find a good solution with high probability, but very little can be said about the mathematical properties of the solution.  It is not guaranteed to even be a local optimum.  These methods often find a different design each time they are run.

See also
 List of optimization software
 ModeFRONTIER
 ModelCenter
 pSeven
 OpenMDAO
 GEMSEO

References

 Avriel, M., Rijckaert, M.J. and Wilde, D.J. (eds.), Optimization and Design, Prentice-Hall, 1973.
 Avriel, M. and Dembo, R.S. (eds.), Mathematical Programming Studies on Engineering Optimization, North-Holland, 1979.
 Cramer, E.J., Dennis Jr., J.E., Frank, P.D., Lewis, R.M., and Shubin, G.R., Problem Formulation for Multidisciplinary Optimization, SIAM J. Optim., 4 (4): 754–776, 1994.
 Deb, K. "Current trends in evolutionary multi-objective optimization", Int. J. Simul. Multi. Design Optim., 1 1 (2007) 1–8.
 Lambe, A. B. and Martins, J. R. R. A. "Extensions to the design structure matrix for the description of multidisciplinary design, analysis, and optimization processes". Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 46:273–284, August 2012. doi:10.1007/s00158-012-0763-y.
 Siddall, J.N., Optimal Engineering Design, CRC, 1982.
 Vanderplaats, G. N., Multidiscipline Design Optimization, Vanderplaatz R&D, Inc., 2007.
 Viana, F.A.C., Simpson, T.W., Balabanov, V. and Toropov, V. "Metamodeling in multidisciplinary design optimization: How far have we really come?" AIAA Journal 52 (4) 670–690, 2014 (DOI: 10.2514/1.J052375)

Engineering disciplines
Mathematical optimization

Multidisciplinary design optimization


Fushitsunagia, monotipski rod crvenih algi iz porodice Lomentariaceae, dio reda Rhodymeniales. Jedina vrsta je F. catenata, morska alga uz obale Japana, Kine i Koreje, Mekasika, Kalifornijski zaljev, Novog Južnog Walesa i Španjolske i Kanarskog otočja

Tipski lokalitet je Shimodo, Japan.

Sinonimi
 Lomentaria catenata Harvey 1857
 Chylocladia catenata (Harvey) J.Agardh 1876
 Sedoidea catenata (Harvey) Kuntze 1891

Izvori

Lomentariaceae

Fushitsunagia


An Octarrhena parvula in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni George Henry Kendrick Thwaites. An Octarrhena parvula in nahilalakip ha genus nga Octarrhena, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Octarrhena

Octarrhena parvula


Podsavezna nogometna liga Vukovar (također i kao Liga Nogometnog podsaveza Vukovar) je bila liga četvrtog stupnja nogometnog prvenstva Jugoslavije u sezoni 1967./68.
Sudjelovalo je ukupno 12 klubova, a prvak je bio klub "Stjepan Supanc" iz Vukovara.

Ljestvica

 NK "Vukovar" odustao u proljetnom dijelu, te je klub rasformiran
 Ovčara - od 1991. dio naselja Grabovo, a kasnije naselja Grabovo dio (grad Vukovar)

Rezultatska križaljka

 Izvori:

Unutrašnje poveznice
 Slavonska zona 1967./68.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

 "Sportske novosti",  lipanj 1968.

1967-68 1
Vukovar
1967-68 Vukovar

Podsavezna nogometna liga Vukovar 1967./68.


Cinnamosma fragrans est une espèce de plantes aromatiques de la famille des Canellaceae et endémique de Madagascar . Elle est appelée communément Mandravasarotra et porte la dénomination commerciale de 'Saro'.

Systématique
L'espèce Cinnamosma fragrans a été décrite en 1867 par le botaniste français Henri Ernest Baillon (1827-1895).

Liste des variétés
Selon  :
 variété Cinnamosma fragrans var. perrieri Courchet

Notes et références

Liens externes

Canellaceae
Espèce de Canellales (nom scientifique)
Flore endémique de Madagascar

Cinnamosma fragrans


Terci-i bent,  Arap, İran ve Türk edebiyatlarında bentlerden oluşturulan bir nazım şekli.

Tarihsel gelişimi, yapısı ve içeriği

Lügat anlamı olarak "Terci-i" sözcüğü "tekrar etmek, geri çevirmek" olup "bent"  sözcüğü ise Farsça "Bağlama" mânasına gelir. Edebiyat alanından "Bağlanan" birimler "Bent" adı verilen manzum metin parçalarıdır.

Türkçe divan edebiyatı'nda terciibentte bentler "Terci-i Hâne" veya kısa olarak "Hâne" olarak adlandırılır. Her bent (hane) sonunda "Vâsıta" veya "Bendiyye" olarak adlandıran bir ara-beyit bulunmaktadır. Bu "Vasıta" ara-beyit Terci-i Bent de sürekli aynen tekrarlanan bir beyit şeklindedir. Terci-i Bentte "vasıta beyiti" aynen tekrarlandığı için konular arasında uyum olmak zorundadır. Dolayısıyla terciibentte konu bütünlüğü vardır.

Terciibent kısaca tanımlaması şöyle verilebilir: uyakları  gazel biçiminde düzenlenmiş "kalemdari ali osmaniye" adı verilen 100-200 beyitlik şiir parçalarının (genellikle 2-12 hane) "vasıta" denen beyit ile birbirine bağlanmasından oluşan bir nazım biçimidir.<ref name="yavuz">Yavuz, İbrahim (2006) Türk Edebiyatında Terkîb-i Bend ve Tercî-i Bendler (XVII-XIX. yy.)", Yüksek lisans tezi, Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.</ref>

Arapça edebiyatta terciibent nazım şekli pekaz kullanılmıştır ve önemli bir nazım türü sayılmamaktadır. Fars edebiyatında terciibent nazım şekli IX. ve X. yüzyıllarda Samaniler döneminde ortaya çıkmıştır. Gazneliler dönemi olan X. ve XI. yüzyıl döneminde ise Farsça edebiyatında terciibent'in "musammat" şekli daha çok kullanılmıştır. Fakat bu iki nazım şekli ve kullanılma dönemi yakınlıkları dolayısıyla yakınlıkları ve ayrılıklarını ele alıp analiz etmek gayet girift bir konudur.

Türkçe divan edebiyatı'nda terciibent örnekleri XIV. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından beri hazırlanmaya başlanmıştır. Elimizdeki nazım metinlerinde en eski Türkçe terciibent örnekleri Ahmedî (ö. 1412) ve Nesîmî (ö. 1417) eserlerinde bulunmaktadır. Türkçe divan edebiyatında XIV. yüzyıldan başlangıcından XVII. yüzyıla kadar yazılan terciibent sayısının Yıldız'a göre 93 olduğu   ve Yavuz'a göre 53 olduğu bildirilmiştir. Terciibent yazan şair sayısı ise 71 olarak verilmiştir.

Terciibent çoğunlukla şiirin metinde işlediği konusunu açıklayan başlık alır; örneğin "mersiye-i tercîbent" gibi. Terciibentler genellikle divanlarda kasideler bölümünden sonra bulunur ve bu bölüm başlığı "tercîât" oluur. Terciibentlerde "mahlas" genellikle son bentte yer alır; ama az sayıda terciibentte mahlas bulunmaz.

Bent sayısı ve bentlerdeki beyit sayısı terciibent ve terkib-i bentl için aynıdır. Terciibentlerin bent (hane) sayısı çok kere 5-10 arasında değişken olup daha az sayıda bentli (örneğin XVII. yüzyılda "Fasih Ahmed Dede"'nin 2 bentli  eseri) veya daha çok sayda hâneli (örneğin XVIII. yüzyıl "Ayıntablı Avni"'nin 22 bentli) terciibentler de vardır. Bu şeklin en tanınmış örneğini veren Ziya Paşa'nın terciibenti 12 haneden oluşmakta ve her hanede "vasıta" beyiti ile birlikte 11 beyit bulunmaktadır. Terciibentin her bentinde bulunan beyit sayısı da çok kere 5-10 beyit arasında olur.

Bir terciibenin yapısı, vasıta beyitinin uyaklanması tarzına göre,  şöyle verilebilir:
 aa xa xa xa xa  (hâne veya bend) bb (bendiyye)
 cc xc xc xc xc  (hâne veya bend) bb (bendiyye)
 ee xe xe xe xe (hâne veya bend) bb (bendiyye)
 .vb.
veya
 aa aa aa aa aa (hane veya bend) bb (bendiyye)
 cc cc cc cc cc (hâne veya bend) bb (bendiyye)
 ee ee ee ee ee (hâne veya bend) bb (bendiyye)
 vb. ...
Terciibent kısımları (bentleri) olan haneler içindeki uyaklanması, çok örnekte, gazel uyaklanması tarzındadır. Lakin her hanenin kendi içindeki mısraların mesnevi tarzında uyaklandığı terciibent örnekleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu şekilde bent içinde "mesnevi" tarzında uyaklanmaya Farsça edebiyatta "tercî'-bend-ı müsammat" adı verilmektedir.

Terciibendler kullanılan vezin kalıpları, çok kere "bahr-i remel" adı verilen "bahir"e ait olan şu birkaç aruz kalıplarıdır:Aruz kalıpları ve "bahirleri" için bakınız
 Feilâtün feilâtün feilâtün feilün  veya
 Fâilâtün fâilâtün fâilâtün fâilün, veya
 Feilâtün mefâilün feilün

Terciiibentlerde  ele alınan konular soyut olarak tasavvuf-i sorunlar, Allah'ın gücü, evrenin sonsuzluğu; insanın aciz olması; insan hayatının zorluğu, dünyadan ve felekten şikayet, ve varlık-yokluk ve ölüm gibi felsefi düşüncelerdir. Bu konular divan edebiyatı nazım şekileri olan tevhid, münacaat, naat, methiye, mersiye adı verilen nazım şekilleri de aynı ana konuları işlerler.

Terciibent (ve terkibibent) Türkçe divan edebiyatında şairlerin sanat kudretlerini ortaya koydukları bir nazım şekli olarak kabul edilmiştir. Böylece bir terciibent yazma ve diğer bir veya birkaç şairin buna nazire yazması ilk terciibenti yazan şairin sanat göstermesi olarak görülmektedir. Bu tutum bazı şair tezkirelerinde bir şairin sanat gücü açıklanmakta iken
Öyle bir tercî kaleme almıştır ki Rum'da buna kimse nazîre yazmamıştır.
şeklindeki kayıtlar görülmesi ile bir terciibent yazmanın ve ona diğerleri tarafından nazire yazılmasının bir şairin sanat gücüne gösterge olarak kabul edildiğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.

Bazı terciibentlerin bazı kısımları, özellikle  her bent sonunda aynen tekrarlanan "vasıta beyiti", şiir okurlar tarafından o kadar beğenilmiştir ki bu beyitler Osmanlı kültüründe birer "vecize"  niteliği kazanmışlardır. Bu vecize niteliğini kazanan vasıta beyitine bir örnek Şeyh Galip'in iyi bilinen terciibentinde bulunan şu vasıta beyitidir:
Hoşça bak zâtına kim zubde-i âlemsin sen
Merdum-i dîde-i ekvân olan âdemsin sen
Yine Ziya Paşa'nın terciibendinde bulunan şu vasıta beyiti gayet tanınmış ve bir vecize şeklini almıştır:
Subhâne men tehayyere fî sun'ihi'l-ukūl
Subhâne men bi-kudretihî yu'çizu'l-fuhûl
Günümüz Türkçesi ile:
En mükemmel şekilde yarattıklarıyla akıl sahiplerini hayrette bırakan Allah'ın yüce sanını tesbih ederim
Kudretiyle seçkin ilim adamlarını bile acze düşüren Allah'ın yüce sanını tesbih ederim

 Ayrıca bakınız
 Terkibibent

 Kaynakça

 Dış kaynaklar

 Pala, İskender (1999 27.bas. 2016), Ansiklopedik Divan Şiiri Sözlüğü, İstanbul:Kapı Yayınları, ISBN 9758950218, Sayfa:390-391
 Dilçin, Cem (1983) Örneklerle Türk Şiir Bilgisi, Ankara:Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları ISBN 9789751604897
 İpekten, Haluk (1994, 14.bas.2011), Eski Türk Edebiyatı Nazım şekilleri ve Arûz, İstanbul:Dergah Yayınları, ISBN 9759953539
 Muallim Nâci, (haz. M. A. Yekta Saraç), (2004) Edebiyat Terimleri: Istılahât-ı Edebiyye, İstanbul:
 Tural, Sadık Kemal (ed.) (2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006), Türk Dünyası Edebiyat Terimleri ve Kavramları Ansiklopedik Sözlüğü 5 Cilt, Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Yayınları,  ISBN 3990000025722

 Dış bağlantılar

 Uzun, Mustafa, (2010) "Terciibend", Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. c.31 say. 487-489'' Online:

Bentlerle kurulan Divan nazımı

Terciibent


Yerleşim yerleri
 Narlıca, Orhangazi, Bursa ili Orhangazi ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Narlıca, Kulp, Diyarbakır ili Kulp ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Narlıca, Şahinbey, Gaziantep ili Şahinbey ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Narlıca, Antakya, Hatay ili Antakya ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Narlıca, Bergama, İzmir ili Bergama ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Narlıca, Polateli, Kilis ili Polateli ilçesine bağlı köy
 Aşağınarlıca, Çatak, Van ili Çatak ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Yukarınarlıca, Çatak, Van ili Çatak ilçesine bağlı mahalle

Narlıca