El formato de un teléfono móvil ha tenido numerosos cambios desde el inicial Motorola DynaTAC (del tipo "ladrillo" o brick, en inglés), pasando luego por el tipo "barra" (teléfonos móviles como el Nokia 5110 y demás), el "plegable" o "clamshell" en inglés (teléfonos móviles como el Motorola StarTAC), o los tipo QWERTY (teléfonos móviles como el Nokia C3-00 o varios modelos de BlackBerry); para luego ir pasando a los estándares actuales del tipo "pizarra" (slate en inglés) y los "phablet" (en su mayoría los teléfonos móviles fabricados por Samsung y Apple), entre otros tipos de móviles.

Además se tiene en cuenta tanto de tipo práctico (interiorización de antenas, reducción del tamaño de las baterías, aumento de la pantalla, etc.) como estéticos (plástico, metal, aluminio, vidrio, etc.), pero pueden agruparse en una serie de factores de forma. La mayoría de los teléfonos móviles actuales poseen pantallas del tipo Slate de entre 5 a 6 pulgadas, con un mínimo de botones físicos (como el encendido/apagado, volumen, y el botón de "Home" -este último en desuso por las nuevas generaciones celulares-), batería no extraíble y cámara digital tanto delantera como trasera, entre otras características.

Formatos rígidos

Ladrillo (Brick)
Ladrillo (Brick en inglés) es un término usado en jerga para referirse a los grandes y obsoletos teléfonos móviles populares hacia principios de los años 1990. Aplicado inicialmente a los equipos diseñados con un aparatoso maletín que contenía la circuitería de radio y las baterías y conectores para el automóvil, como el Motorola 4500X, se extendió primero a los equipos similares al Motorola DynaTAC y luego a equipos más reducidos pero con una batería aparatosa como el Motorola MicroTAC.

Hoy en día se utiliza para designar a cualquier modelo de teléfono, no importa su formato, que ha quedado obsoleto, incluso si se comercializa para mercados-nicho como niños o personas mayores.

Barra
Una barra (bar, slab, block, candybar en inglés), es un teléfono que toma la forma de un Ortoedro.  Este factor de forma ha sido ampliamente utilizado por una variedad de fabricantes, como Nokia y Sony Ericsson. Estos tipos de celulares han sido el "estándar" de la telefonía móvil y muy populares hacia finales de los años 1990 y gran parte de los años 2000.

Los teléfonos móviles tipo barra tienen normalmente la pantalla (considerada pequeña para los parámetros actuales) y el teclado (tipo 3x4) todo en una cara. De existir cámara principal, se sitúa principalmente en la opuesta. El Samsung SPH-M620 es una variación única al ofrecer en una cara la típica interfaz de una barra y en la opuesta un reproductor de audio digital.

QWERTY
Aunque no hay un término usado universalmente para referirse a ellos, se suelen llamar teléfonos inteligentes QWERTY a los teléfonos tipo barra con un teclado físico QWERTY situado debajo de la pantalla.

Este formato proviene principalmente de las PDAs con teclado incorporado o conectable sobre parte de la pantalla, principalmente modelos Hewlett-Packard que se encuentran en el punto medio entre las PDAs y los smartphones. El primer teléfono inteligente que lo incorporó fue el BlackBerry 7230, y el principal fabricante de este tipo de celulares hacia mediados de los años 2000.

Pizarra o Slate
Un teléfono móvil tipo pizarra, más comúnmente llamado slate es un subformato del formato barra que, como las tabletas tiene un mínimo de botones, utilizando en su lugar una pantalla táctil resistiva o capacitativa y un teclado virtual en formato QWERTY.

Este formato es muy utilizado actualmente desde los años 2010, principalmente en teléfonos inteligentes de LG Electronics, Apple, HTC, Samsung Mobile, Huawei, etc.

Phablet
El phablet es un subconjunto del tipo pizarra o slate, que a su vez es un subconjunto del formato barra. Acrónimo de las palabras inglesas phone y tablet, las phablets son una clase de dispositivo móvil diseñado para combinar las funciones de un teléfono inteligente y de una tableta. Los Phablets suelen tener por lo general pantallas que miden (en diagonal) de 5,7 a 6,9 pulgadas (130 a 180 mm).

Además deben ser considerablemente más grandes que la mayoría de los teléfonos inteligentes tipo pizarra/slate de gama alta de su momento (por ejemplo, el phablet Samsung Galaxy Note 9 de 6,4' o el phablet Samsung Galaxy S9+ de 6,2' contra el teléfono inteligente Samsung Galaxy S9 de 5,8', todos estos de la gama alta lanzados en 2018), aunque significativamente menor que las Tabletas de modo que aún pueden caber en los bolsillos de la ropa. Un ejemplo de esto son las gamas Note y S+ de los Samsung Galaxy actuales.

Formatos articulados

Plegable (Clamshell)
Un teléfono clamshell, concha de almeja, plegable o flip consta de dos o más secciones que están conectados por bisagras, lo que permite que el teléfono se pliegue con el fin de ser más compacto. Cuando se abre, el altavoz del teléfono y el micrófono se coloca cerca de la oreja del operador y la boca, mejorando la usabilidad. Cuando se cierra incorpora el acto de colgar y al abrirlo puede incorporar el de contestar (programable para evitar contestar llamadas no deseadas). Estos teléfonos han sido muy populares en su momento, al igual que los teléfonos tipo barra hacia finales de los 1990 y años 2000. Eran populares especialmente por su facilidad para transportarlos incluso en la ropa o el bolso, pues el cuerpo protege al teclado de pulsaciones accidentales. Algunos modelos incorporan una pantalla secundaria que permite ver detalles del equipo estando cerrado como batería, cobertura o identidad del llamante.

Motorola fue una vez titular de una trademark (US trademark #2157939, cancelada el 26 de febrero de 2005) para el término "flip phone", pero ha devenido en marca vulgarizada y se usa en inglés coloquial más frecuentemente que clamshell. En cambio en español se usa casi exclusivamente clamshell o la versión castellanizada concha de almeja para referirse al formato.

Motorola es el creador del formato, al lanzar el Motorola StarTAC el 3 de enero de 1996 como sucesor del Motorola MicroTAC, un semi-concha muy popular en su momento. El StarTAC alcanza tal éxito que PC World lo ubica en 2005 en el puesto 6 en el ranking de Los 50 artefactos más grandiosos de los últimos 50 años El StarTAC es el sucesor del MicroTAC, un celular con diseño semi-clamshell que fue lanzado en 1989. Muchos modelos exitosos de Motorola adoptan este formato como los Motorola RAZR V3. En 2010, Motorola presentó una opción diferente con el teléfono inteligente Motorola Backflip. Cuando está cerrado, un lado es la pantalla y el otro es un teclado QWERTY físico. La bisagra está en el borde largo del teléfono en lugar de en el borde corto, y cuando se abre, la pantalla está por encima del teclado.

Deslizante o Slider
Un teléfono deslizante (slider o slide en inglés) está compuesto por lo general por dos, pero a veces más, secciones que se deslizan una sobre otra en carriles. La mayoría de los teléfonos deslizante tiene un segmento de la pantalla donde se encuentra el altavoz utilizado para las llamadas y la pantalla del teléfono, mientras que otro segmento contiene el keypad o el teclado y se desliza hacia fuera para su uso. El objetivo de utilizar un factor de forma deslizante es permitir que el usuario pueda usar un keypad o teclado físico completo, sin sacrificar la portabilidad, retrayendo estos en el teléfono cuando estos no están en uso.

El Siemens SL10 fue uno de los primeros teléfonos móviles deslizantes en 1999. Algunos teléfonos tienen un deslizador automático incorporado en el que despliega el teclado, en cuanto el usuario inicia el acto de deslizarlo. Algunos modelos únicos tienen un control deslizante de 2 vías (que proporciona funciones distintas según se deslice hacia arriba o hacia abajo), como el Nokia N85 o el Nokia N95.

En una versión de este factor de forma, la parte deslizante que contiene el teclado se sitúa de forma que la pantalla quede encima del teclado, operando en forma girada. El formato de la parte con el teclado se diseña pensando sobre todo en facilitar un acceso más rápido al teclado con ambos pulgares. El Danger Hiptop y el Sony mylo son dos ejemplos principales.

Giratorio o Swivel
Un teléfono giratorio está compuesto de varios (normalmente dos) segmentos, que giran uno sobre el otro cerca de un eje central. El uso de este factor de forma tiene objetivos similares a los deslizantes, pero este factor de forma se utiliza menos extensamente.

Mixtos
Algunos teléfonos usan dos ejes, uno central y otro lateral, como el Nokia N90.

Galería

Referencias

Telefonía móvil

Factor de forma de teléfonos móviles


Albuquerque Isotopes er en Minor league baseball hold fra Albuquerque, New Mexico. De spiller i den Southern Division i American Conference of the Pacific Coast League. Deres stadion er kaldet Isotopes Park. De er forbundet med Los Angeles Dodgers.

Navnet Isotop kommer fra den Amerikanske tv-serie the Simpsons. I en af de episoder, forhindrer Homer Simpson, at hans lokale baseball hold, Springfield Isotopes flytter til Albuquerque. Da avisen Albuquerque Tribune i en online meningsmåling efterspurgte et navn til Albuquerques nye baseball team, stemte 67% af deltagerne til navnet Isotopes.

New Mexico
Baseball i USA

Albuquerque Isotopes


Humberto Canto Echeverría (1896 - 1967) fue un ingeniero y político mexicano, nacido y fallecido en Mérida, Yucatán. Fue gobernador de Yucatán de 1938 a 1942 salvo un brevísimo periodo en 1940, en que fue sustituido interinamente por Laureano Cardoz Ruz y por Santiago Burgos Brito.

Datos biográficos
Fue miembro del Partido Socialista del Sureste desde la fundación del partido. En 1931 fue administrador fundador del Diario del Sureste, periódico que creó el gobierno de Yucatán durante la gestión del gobernador Bartolomé García Correa, con la intención de contrarrestar la influencia creciente del Diario de Yucatán. Fue también director de la oficina del Catastro del gobierno estatal y más tarde jefe del departamento de obras públicas. También fue director de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Yucatán y profesor de Agrimensura en la propia facultad.

En 1937 fue postulado por el Partido de la Revolución Mexicana como candidato al gobierno del estado. Tomó posesión de la gobernatura el 1 de febrero de 1938. Esta postulación se dio durante el proceso de la expropiación henequenara realizada a partir del decreto presidencial emitido por el general Lázaro Cárdenas del Río en agosto de 1937 y por tanto su campaña como su gestión como gobernador al salir triunfante en las elecciones de 1938, fueron marcadas por una relación tensa con los líderes naturales del campesinado beneficiario de la expropiación, como Arsenio Lara, que presidía el Comité de Defensa Ejidal y quien fue su acérrimo adversario político.

Las fricciones que se generaron, hicieron finalmente que el gobernador Canto Echeverría, el 9 de julio de 1940, desde la Ciudad de México donde había ido para entrevistarse con el presidente de Lázaro Cárdenas, solicitara licencia indefinida al cargo de gobernador, dando paso por breves días a la designación de Laureano Cardoz Ruz como gobernador interino. Finalmente Canto Echeverría fue presionado desde la capital para reasumir su encargo de jefe del poder ejecutivo en Yucatán, cosa que hizo el 22 de agosto del mismo año, gobernando hasta el final de su periodo de cuatro años, en enero de 1942.

Durante la administración de Canto Echeverría se inauguró la instalación deportiva denominada estadio Salvador Alvarado, funcional hasta la fecha en la ciudad de Mérida. También se promulgó el estatuto jurídico de los trabajadores al servicio del estado en Yucatán. Asimismo, se instauró el denominado Gran Ejido que fue eje, a partir de entonces de la actividad agrícola en la industria henequenera en Yucatán.

Véase también
 Gobernantes de Yucatán
 Revolución mexicana en Yucatán
 Industria henequenera en Yucatán
 Paseo de Montejo
 Cardenismo

Referencias

Nacidos en Mérida (México)
Gobernadores de Yucatán del siglo XX
Profesionistas de Yucatán
Industria henequenera de Yucatán
Fallecidos en Mérida (México)

Humberto Canto Echeverría


Charles Michels () is a station on Line 10 of the Paris Métro. It is located in the 15th arrondissement.

History
The station opened as Beaugrenelle on 13 July 1913 as part of the initial section of line 8 as its temporary southern terminus, and with Opéra as its northern terminus. The line was then extended to Porte d'Auteuil on 30 September that same year, becoming its new southern terminus. It was then named after Place Beaugrenelle (now known as Place Charles Michels). Beaugrenelle ("beautiful Grenelle") was a name given by property developers in the Grenelle district during its urbanisation.

On 27 July 1937, the section of line 8 between La Motte-Picquet–Grenelle and Porte d'Auteuil, including Beaugrenelle, was transferred to line 10 during the reconfiguration of lines 8, 10, and the old line 14. On 29 July 1937, line 10 was extended from Duroc to La Motte-Picquet–Grenelle.

On 14 July 1945, both the station as well as the nearby Place Beaugrenelle were renamed Charles Michels and Place Charles Michels respectively, in honour of Charles Michels (1903-1941), a trade unionist, communist militant, and deputy of the 15th arrondissement in Paris. He was held hostage and shot during the Occupation by the Nazis in retaliation for the assassination of Karl Hotz, amongst 44 other people. Hence, the station, along with 7 other stations, were renamed after the Second World War to honour the resistance fighters who had died for France. The other stations were: Colonel Fabien, Corentin Cariou, Corentin Celton, Guy Môquet, Jacques Bonsergent, Marx Dormoy, and Trinité - d'Estienne d'Orves.

As part of the "Renouveau du métro" programme by the RATP, the station's platforms were renovated and modernised in 2009.

In 2019, the station was used by 4,601,730 passengers, making it the 93rd busiest of the Métro network out of 302 stations.

In 2020, the station was used by 2,198,392 passengers amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, making it the 194th busiest of the Métro network out of 108 stations.

In 2021, the station was used by 3,079,569 passengers, making it the 102nd busiest of the Métro network out of 305 stations.

Passenger services

Access
The station has 2 accesses:

 Access 1: Place Charles-Michels
 Access 2: rue des Entrepreneurs

Station layout

Platforms
The station has a standard configuration with 2 tracks surrounded by 2 side platforms.

Other connections
The station is also served by lines 42, 70, and 88 of the RATP bus network, and at night, by lines N12 and N61 bus of the Noctilien network.

Nearby
A replica of the Statue of Liberty on the Île aux Cygnes.
Beaugrenelle shopping mall
Front de Seine
square Pau-Casals

Gallery

References

Paris Métro stations in the 15th arrondissement of Paris
Railway stations in France opened in 1913
Paris Métro line 10

Charles Michels station


أندريا لازاري  (مواليد 3 ديسمبر 1984 في بيرغامو - إيطاليا) لاعب كرة قدم إيطالي يلعب حاليا لصالح نادي الدرجة الأولى كالياري الإيطالي منذ 2008 في مركز الوسط المحوري .

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أجنحة كرة قدم
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون من بيرغامو
لاعبو أتالانتا
لاعبو أودينيزي
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثالثة
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو باري
لاعبو بياتشينزا
لاعبو بيزا
لاعبو فيورنتينا
لاعبو كالياري
لاعبو كرة قدم إيطاليون
لاعبو كرة قدم من لومبارديا
لاعبو كرة قدم من مدينة بيرغامو
لاعبو منتخب إيطاليا تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي تشيزينا
لاعبو نادي غروسيتو
لاعبو نادي كاربي
مواليد 1984
مواليد في بيرغامو

أندريا لازاري


ඡායාරෑපකරණය අභයන්තරය

සේයා පඨලය හෝ රෑප සංවේදකය මත පතනය වන ආලෝකය පාලනය කිරීම සදහා ඡයාරෑප කාචයක සිදුරැ නැතුම යොදාගත හැක. සිදුරේ ප්‍රමාණයේ සහ ෂටරය වේගයෙන් සුසංයෝගයෙන් තිරය ආලෝකයට විවෘත ව පවතින ප්‍රමාණය පාලනය කෙරේ. වේගවත් ෂටර යේග වලින් ප්‍රමාණවයත් තරම් ආලෝකය ලබා ගැනෑම සදහා විශාල සිදුරැ පුමාණ අවශ්‍ය වන්නා සේම මන්දගාමි ෂටර වේග වලින් වැඩිපුර විවෘත වීම වැළැක්වීම සදාහා කුඩා විදුරැ පුවාහරන අවශ්‍ය වේ.

පින්තූරය

සාමාන්‍යයෙන් සිදුරැ නැවතුම ලෙස පඨලයක් බාවිතා වේ. මෙය බොහෝ සසෙයින් මිනිස් ඇසට සමාන වන අතර එමගින් කාචයේ සඵල විශ්කම්භ පාලනය කෙරේ. සිදුරේ ප්‍රමාණය කුඩා කිරීමෙන් ක්ෂේත්‍රයේ ගැඹුරැ වැඩිවේ. මෙමගින් නාභිගත කරන වස්තුව නාභිය තලයට සාපේක්ෂව පිහිටීම තීරණය කල හැකිය. මේ අනුව සිදුර කුඩා වන තරමට නාභිය තලයේ සිට වස්තුවට ඇති දුර වැඩිවේ.

කාචයේ සිදුර සාමාන්‍යයෙන් F -අංකය මගින් හදුන්වනු ලැබේ. මෙය නාභිය දුර හා සඵල පිදුරැ විශ්කම්භය අතර අනුපාතය වේ. සාමාන්‍ය කාචයකට F - නැවතම් කිහිපයක් ඇත. කුඩා අංකයෙන් විශාල සිදුරක් පිළිබිඹු කරයි. ඡයාරෑපකරණයේදි
'' එක් F- නැවතුම" යනු F - අංකයේ වෙනස්වීමනේ   භාගයකි.
පිදුරැ ප්‍රමුඛතාවය යනු අර්ධ ස්වයංක්‍රීය කැමරවාක ඡයාරෑගත කිරිමට යොදා ගන්නා ප්‍රකාරයයි. මෙමිග්න ඡයාරෑප ශිල්පියාට අවශ්‍ය සිදුරැ වෙනස්කම් සිදු කිරීමට ඉඩදෙන අතර සුදුසු ෂටර වේගය කැමරාව මගින් තීරණය කරයි.

ඡායාරූපකරණය

ඡායාරෑපකරණය අභයන්තරය


Insomnium je finski sastav melodičnog death metala osnovan 1997. u Joensuuu. Tekstovi pjesama govore o tami, tuzi, boli i prirodi. Sastav svira melodični death metal s elementima doom metala i progresivnog metala.

Članovi sastava

 Sadašnji članovi

 Niilo Sevänen – bas-gitara, vokal (1997. – danas)
 Ville Friman – gitara (1997. – danas), vokal (2011. – danas)
 Markus Hirvonan – bubnjevi (1997. – danas)
 Markus Vanhala – gitara (2011. – danas)
 Jani Liimatainen – gitara, vokal (2019. – danas)

 Bivši članovi

 Tapani Pesonen – bubnjevi, gitara (1997. – 1998.)
 Timo Partanen – gitara (1998. – 2001.)
 Ville Vänni – gitara (2001. – 2011.)

Diskografija

 Studijski albumi

 In the Halls of Awaiting (2002.)
 Since the Day It All Came Down (2004.)
 Above the Weeping World (2006.)
 Across the Dark (2009.)
 One for Sorrow (2011.)
 Shadows of the Dying Sun (2014.)
 Winter's Gate (2016.)
 Heart Like a Grave (2019.)
 Anno 1696 (2023.)

 EP-ovi

 Where the Last Wave Broke (2009.)
 Ephemeral (2013.)
 Argent Moon (2021.)

 Demoalbumi

 Demo 1999 (1999.)
 Underneath the Moonlot Waves (2000.)

Izvori

Finski sastavi heavy metala
Sastavi melodičnog death metala

Insomnium


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Koplotovce enthält die neun nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützten Objekte in der Gemeinde Koplotovce im Okres Hlohovec.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Koplotovce


Mordvinska narodna nošnja predstavlja tradicionalnu narodnu nošnju naroda Mordvina u Republici Mordoviji u Rusiji.

Pojavila se u davnim vremenima u seljačkom okruženju, a za to vrijeme bila je obdarena karakterističnim svojstvima, poput posebnog kroja, platna i ukrasa. Mordvinska narodna nošnja, posebno ženska, vrlo je šarena. Podijeljena je na tipove Erzja i Mokša. Većina tkanina za izradu odjeće bile su domaće izrade.

Narodne nošnje Erzja i Mokša postigle su svoju potpunu umjetničku izražajnost sredinom 19. stoljeća. Ljudi koji su radili na zemlji mogli su sami izrađivati tkanine. Izrađivali su platno ili čvrsto platno za košulje od konoplje, vunenu tkaninu za toplu odjeću, vunene niti za vez u jarkim bojama. Obojane su biljnim bojama. Najzanimljivija je ženska odjeća. Sadrži puno tradicionalnih obilježja. Uzorci ručnog vezenja imaju nacionalne simbole drevnih poganskih vjerovanja.

Ukrasi na prsima uključivali su nekoliko krugova ogrlica. Posebni kružni ovratnici imali su tvrdu podlogu, koja je bila prekrivena platnom i izvezena staklenim perlicama, gumbima i lancima. Tu su bile i mrežaste ogrlice od crvenih staklenih kuglica i bakrenih gumba. Poklopili su se ogromnim vezom «panar» i «ruca». Žene Mokša nosile su obilje ukrasa na bokovima. Ovi ukrasi izrađivani su od školjaka, gumba i privjesaka. Na bokovima su bili i posebni ručnici «kes-kolucjat». U jednom kompletu moglo bi biti 6 ručnika. Obuća nazvana «karht`» bila je izrađena od lišća. Cipele su bile upletene, upletene, s niskim stranama i posebnim petljama. Mokša žene omotale su noge bijelim ili crnim komadićima materijala zvanim onuči.

Izvori

Mordvini
Narodne nošnje

Mordvinska narodna nošnja


The Shire of Campaspe is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the northern part of the state. It covers an area of  and in August 2021 had a population of 38,735.

It includes the towns of Girgarre, Echuca, Kyabram, Rochester, Tongala and Rushworth. It was formed in 1995 from the amalgamation of the City of Echuca, Shire of Deakin, Shire of Rochester, Shire of Waranga, Town of Kyabram and part of the Shire of Rodney.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Campaspe Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Echuca, it also has service centres located in Kyabram, Rochester, Rushworth and Tongala. The Shire is named after the Campaspe River, a major geographical feature that meanders through the LGA.

Council

Current composition
The council is composed of five wards and nine councillors, with three councillors per ward elected to represent each of the Echuca and Kyabram-Deakin wards, and one councillor per remaining ward elected to represent each of the other wards.

Administration and governance
The council meets in the council chambers at the council headquarters in the Echuca Municipal Offices, which is also the location of the council's administrative activities. It also provides customer services at both its administrative centre in Echuca, and its service centres in Kyabram, Rochester, Rushworth and Tongala.

Sister cities
  Shiroi, Chiba, Japan
  Lequidoe, Aileu Municipality, East Timor
  Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province, China

Townships and localities
The 2021 census, the shire had a population of 38,735 up from 37,061 in the 2016 census

^ - Territory divided with another LGA
* - Not noted in 2016 Census
# - Not noted in 2021 Census

References

External links
Official website
Metlink local public transport map
Link to Land Victoria interactive maps

Local government areas of Victoria (state)
Loddon Mallee (region)

North Central Victoria

Shire of Campaspe


An Pitcairnia feliciana in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Auguste Jean Baptiste Chevalier, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Hermann August Theodor Harms och Gottfried Wilhelm Johannes Mildbraed. An Pitcairnia feliciana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pitcairnia, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Guinea. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Pitcairnia

Pitcairnia feliciana


Alfred Newman (March 17, 1900 – February 17, 1970) was an American composer, arranger, and conductor of film music. From his start as a music prodigy, he came to be regarded as a respected figure in the history of film music. He won nine Academy Awards and was nominated 45 times, contributing to the extended Newman family being the most Academy Award-nominated family, with a collective 92 nominations in various music categories.

In a career spanning more than four decades, Newman composed the scores for over 200 motion pictures. Some of his most famous scores include Wuthering Heights, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, The Mark of Zorro, How Green Was My Valley, The Song of Bernadette, Captain from Castile, All About Eve, Love is a Many Splendored Thing, Anastasia, The Diary of Anne Frank, How The West Was Won, The Greatest Story Ever Told, and his final score, Airport, all of which were nominated for or won Academy Awards. He is perhaps best known for composing the fanfare which accompanies the studio logo at the beginning of 20th Century Fox's productions. Prior to commencing his employment with 20th Century Fox, Newman composed the fanfares which are most often associated with Samuel Goldwyn productions and David O. Selznick productions.

Newman was also highly regarded as a conductor, and arranged and conducted many scores by other composers, including George Gershwin, Charlie Chaplin, and Irving Berlin. He also conducted the music for many film adaptations of Broadway musicals (having worked on Broadway for ten years before coming to Hollywood), as well as many original Hollywood musicals.

He was among the first musicians to compose and conduct original music during Hollywood's Golden Age of movies, later becoming a respected and powerful music director in the history of Hollywood. Newman and two of his fellow composers, Max Steiner and Dimitri Tiomkin, were considered the "three godfathers of film music".

Early life
Newman was born on March 17, 1900, in New Haven, Connecticut, the eldest of ten children to Russian-Jewish parents who emigrated shortly before his birth. Although many sources show a birth year of 1901, musicologist and composer Fred Steiner revealed that Alfred was actually born in 1900. His father, Michael Newman (born Nemorofsky), was a produce dealer and his mother, Luba (née Koskoff), took care of the family. Her father had been a cantor in Russia, which contributed to her love of music. She sent Newman, her first born, to a local piano teacher to begin lessons when he was five. At one point, in order to take lessons, he walked a ten-mile round trip. With barely enough to live on, his parents once had to sell their dog to make ends meet.

By the age of eight he had become known locally as a piano prodigy.  His talent led virtuoso Ignacy Jan Paderewski to arrange a recital for him in New York, where Sigismund Stojowski and Alexander Lambert, at different periods, took him as a pupil. To save Newman commuting cost, Stojowski convinced a ticket inspector to let young Newman sometimes travel free. Stojowski offered him a scholarship, after which Newman won a silver medal and a gold medal in a competition. He also studied harmony, counterpoint and composition with Rubin Goldmark and George Wedge.

Early jobs as pianist
By the time Newman was 12, however, his parents' meager income was not enough to support his large family, which led to him searching for ways to earn an income from music to help his family. He then began playing in theaters and restaurants, including the Strand theater and the Harlem Opera House, with a schedule that often had him playing five shows a day. During the shows, he typically accompanied singers as pianist. Grace La Rue, star of one of the shows, was taken by Newman's talent and signed him on as her regular accompanist.

Newman, at 13, also attracted the attention of author Ella Wheeler Wilcox, who wanted to promote him to those who could further his music ambition. She greatly admired his ability to play Mendelssohn, Chopin, Liszt, Wagner and other composers, and with equal skill, in her opinion, as Paderewski. She said he "possessed most unusual moral qualities and characteristics":

He began traveling the vaudeville circuit with La Rue's show when he was 13, where she billed him as "The Marvelous Boy Pianist". While on tours, he was sometimes allowed to conduct the orchestras. This led to him making conducting his career goal, an ambition furthered by William Merrigan Daly, an experienced music director and composer who taught Newman the basics of conducting. By the time he was fifteen, he was regularly conducting performances for matinee shows.  Cincinnati Symphony conductor Fritz Reiner was so impressed by Newman, he invited him to be a guest conductor.

Full-time Broadway conductor
When he was nineteen, he began conducting full-time in New York City, the beginning of a ten-year career on Broadway as the conductor of musicals by composers such as George Gershwin, Richard Rodgers, and Jerome Kern. He conducted George White's Scandals in 1919, Funny Face in 1927 and Treasure Girl in 1929.  Newman said he was always happiest as a conductor: "I studied music composition and counterpoint because I wanted to be a good conductor."

In 1930, songwriter and composer Irving Berlin invited him to Hollywood to conduct his score for the film Reaching for the Moon. Although the musical film was originally planned to include songs written by Berlin, problems developed between him and director Edmund Goulding, which led to most of his songs being taken out. Newman was kept on and received credit for directing the music, which became his Hollywood debut.

Film scoring career

1930s

Soon after Newman arrived in Hollywood in 1930 and finished directing the score for Reaching for the Moon, producer Samuel Goldwyn offered him a contract to continue on as a movie composer. His first complete film score was for Goldwyn's Street Scene in 1931. The score mirrored the busy and frantic sounds of everyday life in New York's Lower East Side in the 1930s. He later used that music theme in other films, such as How to Marry a Millionaire in 1953, which opens with him conducting an orchestra. The theme is also used in Gentleman's Agreement, I Wake Up Screaming, The Dark Corner, Cry of the City, Kiss of Death, and Where the Sidewalk Ends.

In 1931 Charlie Chaplin hired him to orchestrate his film City Lights, and used Newman again for Modern Times in 1936. Hollywood reporter Sidney Skolsky observed them working together as Newman conducted the 65-piece orchestra. He described Newman's ability to carefully synchronize the music to scenes, such as the factory sequence, where Chaplin throws the place into confusion. The music was timed to Chaplin's movements.

Newman became Goldwyn's favorite composer, while his style evolved with each new film he scored. He scored numerous adventure stories and romances, historical pageants and swashbuckling epics, as did his contemporary, Erich Wolfgang Korngold. Newman also began taking lessons with Arnold Schoenberg, who emigrated to the U.S. from Europe in 1934. In 1937, Newman organized a private recording of Schoenberg's four string quartets by the Kolisch Quartet at the United Artists.

He received his first Academy Award for Alexander's Ragtime Band in 1938. In 1939, he wrote the music for Goldwyn's Wuthering Heights, starring Laurence Olivier and Merle Oberon. His score was unique in the way it included different musical themes and created different motifs for the key actors, which helped frame the action. The theme for Cathy, for instance, consisted of a glowing pastoral with strings, while Heathcliff's theme, in contrast, produced a darker, more serious image. Also in 1939, he composed the music for Gunga Din, and Beau Geste.

Among Newman's specialties were films with a religious theme, although he himself was not known to be religious. Among the films were The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939), starring Charles Laughton, and in subsequent years, The Song of Bernadette (1943), The Robe (1953), and The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965).

In 1933, while he was still under contract at United Artists, Newman was commissioned by Darryl F. Zanuck of Twentieth Century Pictures to compose a fanfare to accompany the production logo appearing at the start of the studio's films. Twentieth Century Pictures subsequently merged with Fox Film Corporation in 1935 to form 20th Century-Fox; the fanfare and logo were retained, and have continued in use to the present day as one of the most widely recognised film studio logos.

1940s
In 1940 Newman began a 20-year career as music director with  20th Century-Fox Studios, composing over 200 film scores, nine of which won Academy Awards. He wore many hats at the studio depending on the need, acting as composer, arranger, music director and conductor for various films. However, he said that he preferred arranging and conducting over composing because the latter was lonely and demanding work. The demands of work contributed to his heavy smoking throughout his life, eventually leading to his emphysema.

He was noted for developing what came to be known as the Newman System, a means of synchronizing the performance and recording of a musical score with the film, a system which is still in use today. Newman's scores were developed around the overall mood of each film. He also tailored specific themes to accompany different characters as they appeared on screen, thereby enhancing each actor's role. The effects of this style of music created a forceful but less jarring score which connected the entire story, thereby keeping the film's theme more easily understood by viewers.

The Song of Bernadette (1943) is said to be one of Newman's loveliest scores, recorded over a four-week period with an 80-piece orchestra. Newman used three different motifs to color different issues during the film. Among them was a brass chorale to represent Mother Church, while the theme representing Bernadette used strings to support her character's warmth and tenderness. Newman's interpretation added the sound of the wind and blowing leaves to give the music an ethereal quality that augmented Bernadette's visions.

Newman's score for Wilson (1944), a biopic about president Woodrow Wilson, required he devote an unusual amount of time to research. The film was intended to be a tribute to Wilson by producer Darryl F. Zanuck. Newman spent considerable time learning personal details about Wilson and his family, such as the songs they sang and played on their piano at home, the music they liked to dance and listen to, the songs they played during political rallies or political functions during his career. As a result, the film contained some forty realistic American-themed numbers intertwined throughout the film which gave it a strong sense of timeliness.

In the 1940s Newman scored a number of films related to World War II. Among those were A Yank in the R.A.F. (1941), To the Shores of Tripoli (1942) and Twelve O'Clock High (1949), which one historian says is Newman's best dramatic opening theme for a movie. Newman also composed or music directed the score to some of Frank Capra's Why We Fight series of films, including Prelude to War (1942) and War Comes to America (1945). He created the music for The All-Star Bond Rally (1945), a documentary short film featuring Hollywood stars promoting the sales of War Bonds. The previous year he scored another documentary, The Fighting Lady (1944).

He often studied period music and assimilated it into his scores. For films such as How Green Was My Valley (1941), for example, he incorporated Welsh hymns. For How The West Was Won (1962), he took folk tunes and transformed them into orchestral/choral works of tremendous power. And for The Grapes of Wrath (1940), he brought in the folk tune favorite "Red River Valley" throughout the score. His skill at incorporating familiar traditional music into modern scores was not limited to Western themes, however. During portions of the score for Love is a Many Splendored Thing, for example, he created numbers with a distinctly Chinese sensibility, both with instruments and melodies. Generally, however, he would create his own original melody and turn it into something haunting and memorable, as he did for The Robe (1953).

In 1947 he composed the music for Captain from Castile, which included the famous "Conquest march", an impassioned score for the Spanish conquistadors. The march was adapted by the University of Southern California (USC) as the official theme song for their sports teams, the USC Trojans. Newman also orchestrated and conducted the music for a biopic about the life of American composer John Philip Sousa, Stars and Stripes Forever (1952), a film which includes numerous marches for which Sousa is best known.

The dramatic score for The Snake Pit, a 1948 film set in a lunatic asylum, was accentuated by Newman's careful use of effects to intensify the discomfort and fear portrayed by the actors, primarily its star Olivia de Havilland.

1950s

In 1952, With a Song in My Heart gave Newman his fifth Academy Award. It was presented to him by Walt Disney. The Robe (1953), a New Testament epic, was another of Newman's scores with a religious theme, with orchestration creating spaciousness, grandeur and simplicity. The first film in Cinemascope, it featured 4 channel stereo sound, which allowed Newman to experiment in developing the various moods. The score was one of fellow composer Franz Waxman's favorites, and he incorporated some of its themes into his own score for the film's sequel, Demetrius and the Gladiators

In 1954, Newman wrote additional music for his 20th Century-Fox fanfare, extending it with several bars of warm, soaring strings in order to promote the studio's adoption of the new CinemaScope presentation. This extended version has remained in use ever since. This fanfare was re-recorded in 1997 by his son David, also a composer, and it is this rendition that is used today.

Newman received his eighth Oscar for The King and I in 1956. In 1959 Newman composed the score for The Diary of Anne Frank. Although based on the true-life tragic story of a young girl during World War II, Newman's score focuses on her optimistic personality, which as her diary attests, she continued to believe that people were good at heart. In contrast to Newman's use of uplifting violins and a hopeful old European sound for the girl, the score for the Nazis was an "oppressive march in half time" to create a fearsome effect. Music historian Christopher Palmer says that the score is one of Newman's finest, which because of its style, elegance and integrity, the emotions portrayed by the actors can be physically "felt" by the audience. It was nominated for an Oscar.

1960s
Newman's final musical score under his Fox contract was The Best of Everything (1959), and after leaving Fox in 1960, Newman freelanced for the remainder of his career, writing the scores for such films as MGM's How the West Was Won (1962), which some consider his most familiar and best score.  It is listed on AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores. That score and The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965) were nominated for an Oscar. The last project proved to be a bitter disappointment for Newman, when director George Stevens extensively re-edited the film and score. Other composers had to help reconstitute musical segments, and Newman's two choral finales were replaced by the familiar "Hallelujah Chorus" of George Frideric Handel. Newman's longtime associate and choral director, Ken Darby, described the experience in Hollywood Holyland: The Filming and Scoring of "The Greatest Story Ever Told" (Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press, 1992).

Newman remained active until the end of his life, scoring Universal Pictures' Airport (1970) shortly before his death.

Death
Newman died on February 17, 1970, at the age of 69, a month shy of his 70th birthday, at his home in Hollywood, from complications of emphysema.

Legacy

During his career, Newman was regarded as one of the most important, most influential and most respected figures in the history of film music. He received an unprecedented 45 Oscar nominations, and his 9 Academy Awards are more than any other musical director or composer had received.

His nine Academy Awards are by far the most received by any musician: Alexander's Ragtime Band (1938), Tin Pan Alley (1940), The Song of Bernadette (1943), Mother Wore Tights (1947), With a Song in My Heart (1952), Call Me Madam (1953), Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955), The King and I (1956) and Camelot (1967). Song of Bernadette and Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing are original scores, the latter with extensive use of a theme song by Sammy Fain. The other films are musical adaptations, a field in which Newman reigned supreme.

He composed the familiar fanfare which accompanies the studio logo at the beginning of 20th Century's productions, and still introduces 20th Century pictures today. A segment of Newman's score for David O. Selznick's The Prisoner of Zenda (1937) became the standard music which accompanied the Selznick International Pictures logo when introducing its films. At the University of Southern California, the 280-seat Allan Hancock Auditorium was renovated and re-dedicated as the Alfred Newman Recital Hall in 1999.

While a composer, music director and conductor, he often contributed to the scores of others without credit. When he wasn't working on a particular movie, he was often approached by studio production heads needing advice, which he freely gave. Other musicians were constantly exploring new ideas or perfecting older techniques, which required sharing their knowledge with each other. Newman, during his years as a music director, sometimes went further: if one of his composers was stumped for a suitable melody, for instance, Newman would sometimes write a few bars on paper and hand it to the composer, suggesting he try it out.

As a music director, it was Newman's job to find and select suitable composers for various films. When he saw a composer's potential, he also had the power to sign them to long term staff contracts. Music historian Robert R. Faulkner is of the opinion that had Newman not been music director at Twentieth Century Fox, composers such as Bernard Herrmann, Alex North, and David Raksin, all of whose music was somewhat radical, might never have had such major careers in Hollywood.

In 1999, the United States Postal Service issued a stamp in his honor.

Partial filmography
Between 1930 and 1970, Alfred Newman wrote music for over 200 films of every imaginable type, including a score for the newsreel made from the World War II footage of the Battle of Midway.
In addition to his own film scores, Newman acted as musical director on numerous other films. Among his major film scores (and adaptations of other composers' scores) are:

 1930 – Whoopee!
 1931 – City Lights (musical director) (music by Charlie Chaplin)
 1931 – Indiscreet (musical director)
 1931 – Street Scene
 1933 – The Masquerader
 1936 – Dodsworth
 1936 – Born to Dance (musical director; Cole Porter wrote the songs)
 1937 – You Only Live Once
 1937 – The Hurricane (Academy Award)
 1937 – The Prisoner of Zenda (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1938 – Alexander's Ragtime Band (Academy Award) (adaptation, the songs were by Irving Berlin)
 1939 – The Rains Came
 1939 – Gunga Din
 1939 – Wuthering Heights (Academy Award nomination for best musical score)
 1939 – The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1940 – Vigil in the Night
 1940 – Foreign Correspondent
 1940 – Broadway Melody of 1940 (musical director; again, Cole Porter wrote the songs)
 1940 – The Mark of Zorro (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1940 – Tin Pan Alley (Academy Award) (adaptation; the film used old popular songs such as The Sheik of Araby)
 1941 – How Green Was My Valley (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1942 – Roxie Hart
 1942 – The Black Swan
 1942 – The Pied Piper
 1943 – The Song of Bernadette (Academy Award)
 1943 – My Friend Flicka
 1944 – The Keys of the Kingdom (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1945 – State Fair (adaptation only; this was the musical version by Rodgers and Hammerstein) (Academy Award nomination for Best Adaptation of a Musical Score)
 1947 – Captain from Castile (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1947 – Mother Wore Tights (adaptation) (Academy Award)
 1947 – Gentleman's Agreement
 1947 – The Shocking Miss Pilgrim
 1947 – Miracle on 34th Street
 1948 – Cry of the City
 1948 – The Snake Pit
 1948 – That Lady in Ermine
 1948 – The Iron Curtain
 1949 – Twelve O'Clock High
 1949 – Chicken Every Sunday
 1950 – All About Eve (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1950 – Panic in the Streets
 1950 – The Big Lift
 1951 – David and Bathsheba (Academy Award)
 1952 – The Prisoner of Zenda
 1952 – With a Song in My Heart (adaptation only; this musical contained songs by several composers, but Newman was not one of them) (Academy Award)
 1953 – How to Marry a Millionaire (Alfred Newman appears conducting an orchestra in the prologue. The music is from Street Scene.)
 1953 – The Robe
 1953 – Call Me Madam (adaptation; the songs were by Irving Berlin) (Academy Award)
 1955 – A Man Called Peter
 1955 – Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (Academy Award)
 1955 – The Seven Year Itch
 1956 – Anastasia
 1956 – Carousel (adaptation, the songs were by Rodgers and Hammerstein)
 1956 – The King and I (adaptation; the songs were by Rodgers and Hammerstein) (Academy Award)
 1957 – April Love (adaptation)
 1958 – South Pacific (Conductor; the songs were by Rodgers and Hammerstein)
 1958 – A Certain Smile
 1959 – The Diary of Anne Frank (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1961 – Flower Drum Song (adaptation; the songs were again by Rodgers and Hammerstein)
 1962 – The Counterfeit Traitor
 1962 – State Fair (remake of musical version) (adaptation only; the songs were again by Rodgers and Hammerstein, with additional songs by Richard Rodgers only)
 1962 – How the West Was Won (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1965 – The Greatest Story Ever Told (Academy Award nomination for Best Musical Score)
 1966 – Nevada Smith
 1967 – Camelot (adaptation; the songs were by Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe) (Academy Award)
 1968 – Firecreek
 1970 – Airport

Awards
Newman won nine Academy Awards, the third highest number of Oscars ever won by an individual (Walt Disney won twenty-six, Cedric Gibbons won eleven) and was nominated for forty-five, making him the most nominated composer in Oscar history until 2011, when John Williams broke the record. Forty-three of Newman's nominations were for Best Original Score (making him the second most nominated in that category after John Williams) and two were for Original Song.

The American Film Institute ranked his score for How the West Was Won as  25 on their list of the 25 greatest film scores. Ten of Newman's other scores were also nominated:
 Wuthering Heights (1939)
 The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939)
 How Green Was My Valley (1941)
 The Song of Bernadette (1943)
 Captain from Castile (1947)
 All About Eve (1950)
 The Robe (1953)
 Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955)
 The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965)
 Airport (1970)

Newman has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1700 Vine Street.

Newman family
He married Martha Louise Montgomery (born December 5, 1920, Clarksdale, Mississippi - died May 9, 2005, Pacific Palisades, California), a former actress and Goldwyn Girl; they had five children.

He was the head of a family of major Hollywood film composers:
 His brother Lionel Newman scored three dozen films and several TV series, adapting and conducting scores for hundreds of other films; he succeeded Alfred as Fox's music director.
 His brother Emil Newman was music director for over eighty films.
 His son David Newman has scored nearly one hundred films, including The War of the Roses, Hoffa, The Nutty Professor, Anastasia, Galaxy Quest, Ice Age, and Serenity, and has received an Academy Award nomination.
 His son Thomas Newman has scored over seventy-five films, including Little Women, The Shawshank Redemption, Unstrung Heroes, American Beauty, Road to Perdition, Finding Nemo, Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, The Good German, WALL-E, Skyfall, Saving Mr. Banks and has received fifteen Academy Award nominations.
 His daughter Maria Newman is an eminent musician and composer.
 His nephew Randy Newman is a two-time Academy Award winner, noted not only for his film work but also for a series of popular albums as a singer/songwriter.
 His grandnephew Joey Newman has scored many TV series, films, and video games.
 His granddaughter Jaclyn Newman is a music editor, and won a Golden Reel Award for 30 Days of Night: Dark Days, and has received additional nominations for Burlesque and Nashville (2012 TV series).

Notes

References

External links

 Alfred Newman at Soundtrackguide.net
 Alfred Newman's film score to The Song of Bernadette

1900 births
1970 deaths
20th-century American conductors (music)
20th-century American Jews
20th-century American male musicians
20th Century Studios people
American film score composers
American male conductors (music)
American male film score composers
American music arrangers
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
Articles containing video clips
Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)
Classical musicians from Connecticut
Concert band composers
Deaths from emphysema
Grammy Award winners
Jewish American classical composers
Jewish American film score composers
Mercury Records artists
MGM Records artists
Musicians from New Haven, Connecticut
Alfred
Vaudeville performers
Warner Records artists
Writers from New Haven, Connecticut

Alfred Newman


Das Castillo de Berlanga de Duero ist eine Burg in Berlanga de Duero, die im Mittelalter errichtet wurde. Die Burg liegt in der spanischen Provinz Soria der Autonomen Region Kastilien und León. Die Burg, auf einem langgestreckten Bergrücken, ist ein geschütztes Baudenkmal (Bien de Interés Cultural).

Geschichte und Beschreibung
Die Burg am Rande einer tiefen Schlucht sicherte die Verkehrswege am Duero des Königreichs Kastilien. Der älteste Teil der Anlage geht auf eine arabische Festung zurück. Die heute noch erhaltene quadratische Palastburg stammt aus dem 16. Jahrhundert. Sie ist mit runden Ecktürmen bewehrt und besitzt Schießscharten für Geschütze.

Literatur
 Reinhart Wolf. Mit Texten von Cees Nooteboom: Castillos, Burgen in Spanien. Bildband. Schirmer/Mosel Verlag, München 2001, ISBN 3-8296-0026-7

Weblinks

 Castillo de Berlanga de Duero bei castillossoria (spanischer Text)
 Castillo de Berlanga de Duero bei YouTube

Berlanga de Duero
Kulturdenkmal in Berlanga de Duero
Bauwerk in Berlanga de Duero
Erbaut im 16. Jahrhundert
BerlangadeDuero

Castillo de Berlanga de Duero


Sexe au confessionnal () est un drame érotique italien réalisé par Vittorio De Sisti et sorti en 1974.

Il s'agit d'une adaptation du roman Le sexe au confessionnal (Il sesso in confessionale) de Norberto Valentini, Clara Di Meglio paru chez Marsilio Editori en 1973.

Synopsis
Le film narre les conversations entre un prêtre et divers pénitents, en particulier concernant les relations sexuelles prénuptiales et extraconjugales.

Les dernières minutes du film sont consacrées à des entretiens avec quatre experts : le théologien Carmine Benincasa, le psychologue Emilio Servadio, le sociologue et sexologue Luigi De Marchi et la journaliste Patrizia Carrano.

Fiche technique
 Titre français : Sexe au confessionnal
 Titre original italien :
 Réalisateur : Vittorio De Sisti
 Scénario : Vittorio De Sisti,  et Norberto Valentini, Clara Di Meglio d'après leur roman paru en 1973.
 Photographie :
 Montage : Ruggero Mastroianni
 Musique : Ennio Morricone
 Décors :
 Production : Giovanni Bertolucci
 Sociétés de production : Supernova
 Pays de production :
 Langue originale : italien
 Format : Couleur
 Durée : 91 minutes
 Genre : Drame érotique
 Dates de sortie :
 Italie :
 France :

Distribution
 : prêtre
Carmine Benincasa :
 :
Luigi De Marchis :
 :

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film italien sorti en 1974
Film réalisé par Vittorio De Sisti
Film dramatique italien
Film érotique italien
Film érotique des années 1970
Film sur l'infidélité conjugale
Film sur le catholicisme
Film en italien
Faux documentaire
Film avec une musique composée par Ennio Morricone
Adaptation d'un roman italien au cinéma

Sexe au confessionnal


Das St. Augustinus Krankenhaus ist eines von vier Krankenhäusern in Düren. Es steht im Stadtteil Lendersdorf. Das Krankenhaus hat 294 Betten. Träger ist die "Caritas-Trägergesellschaft West gGmbH (ctw)", die mehrere Einrichtungen betreibt.

Das Krankenhaus war eine Stiftung des Papierfabrikanten Benno Schoeller an das Amt Birgel, zu der Lendersdorf damals gehörte. Durch diese Stiftung sollten alte und kranke Arbeiter der Firma und der angrenzenden Ortschaften Krauthausen, Lendersdorf, Birgel, Berzbuir und Kufferath gepflegt werden. Am 10. August 1897 wurde das Krankenhaus in Betrieb genommen. 1928 erfolgte der Anbau eines Westflügels. 1961 wurde das Schwesternwohnheim St. Elisabeth gebaut. 1964 folgten der Betten- und Behandlungstrakt. Neue Operationssäle und eine Intensivstation kamen 1988 dazu. 1995–1997 wurde ein siebenstöckiges medizinisches Zentrum angebaut. 2005 wurde der Südflügel mit weiteren Zimmern und Praxen angebaut.

In den 1960er Jahren erfolgte die rechtliche Übertragung von der Zivilgemeinde auf die Genossenschaft der Cellitinnen, deren Schwestern bis zum Jahr 1999 im Krankenhaus tätig waren. Damals erhielt das Krankenhaus seinen heutigen Namen.

Hauptfachabteilungen
 Chirurgie (Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie)
 Innere Medizin 1 + 2
 Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie
 Neurologie (inkl. Stroke Unit / Schlaganfallspezialstation)
 Anästhesie
 Intensivmedizin
 Radiologie

Sonstiges
In den Nebengebäuden des Krankenhauses befindet sich das Feuerwehrmuseum (Lendersdorf). Das Dürener Karnevalsmuseum ist im neuen Südflügel untergebracht.

Seit Mai 2015 ist das Krankenhaus akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der RWTH Aachen.

Weblinks
 Homepage des Krankenhauses
 Homepage der Caritas Trägergesellschaft West

Einzelnachweise

Krankenhaus in Düren
Organisation (Deutscher Caritasverband)

St. Augustinus-Krankenhaus (Lendersdorf)


Agrilus wittemani é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Jendek, 1994.

Referências

wittemani

Agrilus wittemani


Leopold Zscharnack (født 22. august 1877 i Berlin, død 19. august 1955 i Kassel) var en tysk teolog.

Zscharnack blev docent i Berlin 1906 og titulær professor 1910, professor 1921 i Breslau og 1926 i Königsberg. Fra 1948 til sin død undervisede han i Marburg. Han udgav (sammen med Friedrich Michael Schiele) første oplag af den vidt spredte encyklopædie Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 1909–1913 och (sammen med Hermann Gunkel) andet oplag af dette værk 1927–1931 samt (sammen med Otto Scheel) fra 1919 Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte.

Zscharnack dyrkede en omfattende kirkehistorisk forfattervirksomhed, blandt andet skrev han Dienst der Frau in den ersten Jahrhunderten der christlichen Kirche (1902), Lessing und Semler (1905), Das Werk Martin Luthers in der Mark Brandenburg (1917) og Der deutsche Protestantismus der Gegenwart in katholischer Beleuchtung (1924) samt udgav John Tolands Christianity not Mysterious (1908) og John Lockes Reasonableness of Christianity (1914).

Kilder

Kirkehistorikere fra Tyskland
Titulære professorer
Professorer fra Tyskland
Ansatte ved Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Ansatte ved Marburgs Universitet
Faglitterære forfattere fra Tyskland
Tysksprogede forfattere
Tyskere i 1900-tallet
Personer fra Berlin
Ugglan

Leopold Zscharnack


Torricelli ist ein Einschlagkrater auf der Mondvorderseite in der Ebene des Sinus Asperitatis, nördlich des Kraters Theophilus und südlich von Maskelyne.
Der unregelmäßig geformte Krater liegt innerhalb des eigenen Nebenkraters Torricelli R, der allerdings nur noch in Spuren erhalten ist.

Der Krater wurde 1935 von der IAU nach dem italienischen Physiker und Mathematiker Evangelista Torricelli offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Torricelli auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)
Evangelista Torricelli als Namensgeber

Torricelli (Mondkrater)


Das Evangelisch-Lutherische Dekanat Schwabach ist eines der zehn Dekanate des Kirchenkreises Nürnberg. Amtierender Dekan ist Klaus Stiegler.  Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Prägungen wurde das Dekanat in drei Regionen eingeteilt. Die Region Mitte-West umfasst die Stadt Schwabach und den ländlichen Westen des Dekanatsbezirks. Die Kreisstadt Roth und ihr Umland bildet die Region Süd. Die Gegend um den Markt Wendelstein ist durch die Nähe zu Nürnberg städtisch geprägt und  ist in der Region Nordost zusammengefasst.

Geschichte
1528 wurde im Markgraftum Brandenburg-Ansbach die Reformation eingeführt. Am 25. Oktober 1556 wurde ein brandenburgisches Dekanat für die Pfarreien der Ämter Schwabach, Roth, Burgthann, Windsbach und Schönberg sowie für das Kloster Heilsbronn errichtet. Das waren Büchenbach, Eckersmühlen, Heilsbronn, Katzwang, Kornburg, Leerstetten, Oberferrieden, Petersaurach, Petersgmünd, Rittersbach, Rohr, Roth, Schönberg, Schwabach, Schwand, Weißenbronn, Wendelstein und Windsbach. 1587 wurde Georgensgemünd erworben und Petersgmünd Tochterkirche davon. Folgende Pfarreien wurden neu errichtet: 1618 Dürrenmungenau, 1671 Barthelmesaurach, 1708 Kammerstein, 1729 Bertholdsdorf und Wassermungenau, sowie 1730 Wallesau. Die Reichsstadt Nürnberg führte 1524 die Reformation ein. 1796 fielen Nürnberger Pfarreien durch die preußische Revindikation an das Dekanat Schwabach. Das waren: Altenthann, Eibach, Feucht, Fischbach, Gustenfelden, Leinburg, Mögeldorf, Nürnberg-St. Peter, Rasch, Regelsbach, Röthenbach bei St. Wolfgang und die ritterschaftliche Pfarrei Neuendettelsau.

Am 7. Dezember 1810 wurden aus dem brandenburgischen Dekanat die bayerischen Dekanate Schwabach und Windsbach errichtet.

Kirchengemeinden
Zum Dekanatsbezirk Dekanat Schwabach gehören 26 Kirchengemeinden in drei Regionen, in denen 65.000 Gemeindeglieder leben. Im Folgenden sind die Pfarreien, deren zugehörige Kirchengemeinden, sowie deren Kirchengebäude aufgeführt.

Region Mitte-West
 Pfarrei Barthelmesaurach
 Kirchengemeinde Barthelmesaurach, St. Bartholomäus
 Pfarrei Gustenfelden
 Kirchengemeinde Gustenfelden, St. Bartholomäus in Gustenfelden, St. Nikolaus in Kottensdorf
 Pfarrei Kammerstein
 Kirchengemeinde Kammerstein, St. Georg
 Pfarrei Regelsbach
 Kirchengemeinde Regelsbach, St. Georg
 Pfarrei Schwabach-Christophoruskirche
 Kirchengemeinde Schwabach-St. Christophorus
 Pfarrei Schwabach-Dietersdorf
 Kirchengemeinde Schwabach-Dietersdorf, St. Georg
 Pfarrei Schwabach-St. Martin
 Kirchengemeinde Schwabach-Gethsemanekirche
 Kirchengemeinde Schwabach-St. Martin, Spitalkirche
 Pfarrei Schwabach-Unterreichenbach
 Kirchengemeinde Schwabach-Unterreichenbach, St. Jakobus der Ältere

Region Nordost
 Pfarrei Katzwang
 Kirchengemeinde Katzwang, Wehrkirche Unserer Lieben Frauen (1278)
 Pfarrei Kornburg
 Kirchengemeinde Kornburg, St. Nikolaus in Kornburg, Allerheiligenkirche in Kleinschwarzenlohe
 Pfarrei Leerstetten
 Kirchengemeinde Leerstetten, St. Peter und Paul
 Pfarrei Rednitzhembach
 Kirchengemeinde Rednitzhembach, St. Antonius und Laurentius
 Pfarrei Röthenbach bei St. Wolfgang
 Kirchengemeinde Röthenbach bei Sankt Wolfgang, St. Wolfgang
 Pfarrei Rohr
 Kirchengemeinde Rohr, St. Emmeram
 Pfarrei Schwand
 Kirchengemeinde Schwand, St. Johannes
 Pfarrei Wendelstein
 Kirchengemeinde Wendelstein, St. Georg in Wendelstein, Arche in Großschwarzenlohe

Region Süd
 Pfarrei Büchenbach
 Kirchengemeinde Büchenbach, St. Willibald
 Pfarrei Eckersmühlen
 Kirchengemeinde Eckersmühlen, Dreifaltigkeitskirche (1709/10)
 Pfarrei Georgensgmünd
 Kirchengemeinde Georgensgmünd, St. Georg
 Kirchengemeinde Petersgmünd, St. Peter
 Pfarrei Hilpoltstein
 Kirchengemeinde Hilpoltstein, Christuskirche
 Pfarrei Roth
 Kirchengemeinde Pfaffenhofen, St. Ottilia
 Kirchengemeinde Roth, Stadtkirche in Roth, Kreuzkirche in Roth, Dorfkirche in Bernlohe
 Pfarrei Rittersbach
 Kirchengemeinde Rittersbach, St. Maria
 Kirchengemeinde Mäbenberg, St. Oswald
 Pfarrei Wallesau
 Kirchengemeinde Wallesau, St. Maria

Literatur

Weblinks

 Offizielle Website

Einzelnachweise

Schwabach
evangluth Dekanat
Schwabach
Gegründet 1556

Evangelisch-Lutherisches Dekanat Schwabach


Bare je groblje u Sarajevu. Površine je 25,5 hektara i spada u najveća groblja u Europi. Jedno je od najestetskijih s obzirom na konfiguraciju terena i krajobraznu izvedbu. Projekt groblja nacrtao je Smiljan Klaić. Freske u trijemu naslikao je Rizah Štetić. Otvoreno je 1966. godine. Na središnjem dijelu je prostrana zaravan sa stubištem i trijemom povezuje katoličku, pravoslavnu, muslimansku, židovsku i ateističku kapelu. Površine na groblju raspoređene su prema vjerama: za muslimane, pravoslavce, rimokatolike, židove, evangeliste, adventiste, starokatolike i ateiste. Udio je sukladan srazmjeru u demografskoj strukturi grada Sarajeva. Groblje je opremljeno drenažnim, vodovodnim, kanalizacijskim i električnim instalacijama. Nalazi se podno brda Huma. Pokraj groblja su pogoni Bosnalijeka. U blizini su Betanija, stadion na Koševu i dvorana Zetra, Koševsko brdo, Velešići, Šip, Kobilja Glava, Grahovište i Jezero.

Izvori

Groblja u Sarajevu

Bare (groblje, Sarajevo)


Phillipp Steinhart (* 7. Juli 1992 in Dachau) ist ein deutscher Fußballspieler. Er steht seit der Saison 2017/18 beim TSV 1860 München unter Vertrag.

Karriere

Jugend
Steinhart begann beim TSV Gernlinden mit dem Fußballspielen und war später beim SC Fürstenfeldbruck aktiv. Als er dort in der U12 spielte, nahm er erfolgreich an einem Probetraining beim TSV 1860 München teil und trat ab 2004 für die Münchner Löwen an. Ein Angebot des Lokalrivalen FC Bayern München schlug er aus, er habe sich "an der Grünwalder Straße wohler gefühlt." Ab der U13 durchlief er nun das Nachwuchsleistungszentrum des TSV 1860 München.
Am 29. Mai 2008 absolvierte er sein erstes Länderspiel für die Auswahl des DFB. Er spielte für die U16-Nationalmannschaft gegen die Auswahl Frankreichs. Am 23. September und 14. Oktober kam er für die U17-Nationalmannschaft zum Einsatz.

Im Sommer 2009 rückte er in die U19-Nachwuchsmannschaft der Löwen auf, die in der A-Junioren-Bundesliga spielte. In der Saison 2009/10 bestritt er 25 Ligaspiele und erzielte ein Tor. Im Sommer 2010 spielte er in einem Testspiel erstmals für die Profimannschaft; im Frühjahr 2011 kamen zwei weitere Einsätze hinzu. In der Saison 2010/11 absolvierte er 21 Spiele für die U19 der Sechzger und erzielte zwei Tore. In den beiden Halbfinalspielen um die Deutsche A-Juniorenmeisterschaft, für die sich die Mannschaft durch den zweiten Platz in der Liga qualifiziert hatte und in denen sich die U19 des 1. FC Kaiserslautern durchsetzte, musste er verletzungsbedingt passen.

Seniorenbereich
Zur Vorbereitung auf die Saison 2011/12 wurde er von Trainer Reiner Maurer zusammen mit sieben weiteren A-Jugendlichen in den Förderkader für Jungprofis berufen. Er kam vor Saisonbeginn in vier Testspielen der Profis zum Einsatz, zwei weitere Einsätze folgten bis zum Herbst. Für ein Zweitligaspiel wurde er aber vorerst nicht nominiert. Im August nahm er zusammen mit seinem Vereinsspieler Daniel Hofstetter an einem Lehrgang der U20-Nationalmannschaft teil. Im Verein spielte er fortan regelmäßig in der Regionalliga Süd für die U23-Nachwuchsmannschaft des TSV 1860 München, bis zum Winter wurde er dort 19 Mal eingesetzt. In der Vorbereitung auf die Rückrunde bestritt er drei Testspiele für die erste Mannschaft. Am 24. Februar 2012 stand er schließlich erstmals bei einem Zweitligaspiel im Aufgebot der Münchner Löwen. Er kam im Spiel in Berlin aber nicht zum Einsatz. Nachdem er einen Monat später beim Spiel in Dresden zum zweiten Mal dem 18er-Kader angehört hatte, aber erneut nicht eingesetzt worden war, gab er am 31. März sein Debüt in der 2. Bundesliga, als er im Spiel der Sechzger gegen Hansa Rostock (0:1) eingewechselt wurde. Im April unterschrieb er bei den Löwen einen bis 2014 gültigen Profivertrag mit der Option auf ein weiteres Jahr.

In der Folgesaison gehörte er bei keinem Zweitligaspiel dem 18er-Kader an. Für die zweite Mannschaft, die mittlerweile als U21 in der Regionalliga Bayern antrat, absolvierte er in der Saison 2012/13 34 Ligaspiele. Nachdem die Mannschaft am Ende den Meistertitel der neuen Liga gewonnen hatte, spielte Steinhart auch in den beiden Aufstiegsspielen gegen die SV Elversberg, in denen sich die Saarländer – nach Hin- und Rückspiel – mit 4:3 gegen die kleinen Löwen durchsetzten.

Zur Saison 2014/15 wechselte er zum Lokalrivalen FC Bayern München, für deren zweite Mannschaft er am 11. Juli 2014 (1. Spieltag) bei der 1:2-Niederlage im Heimspiel gegen die Würzburger Kickers debütierte. Im Heimspiel gegen Bayer 04 Leverkusen am 29. August 2015 stand er erstmals im Bundesliga-Kader des FC Bayern, wurde jedoch nicht eingesetzt.

Zur Saison 2016/17 wechselte Steinhart in die 3. Liga zu den Sportfreunden Lotte, bei denen er einen bis zum 30. Juni 2017 laufenden Vertrag unterzeichnete.

Mit Auslaufen seines Vertrages blieb Steinhart zunächst vereinslos, bis er sich Mitte August erneut dem mittlerweile in der Regionalliga Bayern spielenden TSV 1860 München anschloss. Hier war er von Beginn an als Stammspieler gesetzt und konnte zum Ende der Saison mit den Löwen aufsteigen, nachdem sie erster der Liga wurden und sich in der Relegation gegen den 1. FC Saarbrücken durchsetzen konnten. In der ersten Saison in der 3. Liga erreichte er mit seinem Team lediglich den zwölften Platz. In den folgenden drei Saisons spielten die Sechzger zwar immer um den Aufstieg mit, erreichte jedoch nie einen Aufstiegsplatz. Dabei konnte jedoch im Jahr 2020 der Bayerische Toto-Pokal gewonnen werden. In der Saison 2022/23 erreichte er mit seinem Team den achten Platz. Steinhart blieb über die fünft Jahre in der 3. Liga stets Stammspieler auf der Position des linken Verteidigers.

Erfolge
TSV 1860 München
 Meister der Regionalliga Bayern und Aufstieg in die 3. Liga: 2017/18
 Bayerischer Toto-Pokalsieger: 2019/20

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Fußballspieler (TSV 1860 München)
Fußballspieler (FC Bayern München)
Fußballspieler (Sportfreunde Lotte)
Deutscher
Geboren 1992
Mann

Phillipp Steinhart


Sinteza u kemiji je kemijski proces priprave složenih spojeva definirane građe od jednostavnih i lako dostupnih tvari (elemenata ili spojeva) u jednoj ili više pojedinačnih kemijskih reakcija.

Polazne tvari u sintezi nazivaju se reaktantima, a željeni spojevi produktima (proizvodima).

Totalna sinteza naziv je za sintezu u kojoj su polazne tvari kemijski elementi. Iskorištenost sinteze omjer je dobivene količine produkta prema količini produkta koja bi teorijski mogla nastati.

Najjednostavniji primjer kemijske sinteze je nastanak nekog spoja od elemenata:

Pod sintezom se ponajprije podrazumijeva priprava složenih organskih spojeva, koja se počela razvijati 1828., kada je Friedrich Wöhler sintezom prvi put uspio dobiti jedan od organskih spojeva, za koje se do tada vjerovalo da mogu nastati samo u živom organizmu. Laboratorijska sinteza najčešće se provodi u specifične svrhe. Tako se npr. sintetiziraju spojevi već dobiveni iz prirodnih izvora kako bi se dokazala njihova struktura i objasnilo njihovo nastajanje u prirodi; teorijski se pretpostavljaju posebna svojstva nekih do tada nepoznatih spojeva, a sintezom se to nastoji postići; za proučavanje kompleksnih prirodnih spojeva i njihova enzimskoga djelovanja, sintetiziraju se modelni spojevi na kojima se ispituje djelovanje pravih spojeva itd.

Za razliku od laboratorijskih, industrijskim se sintezama dobivaju određeni i definirani intermedijeri ili konačni spojevi, kontinuirano i u velikim količinama, vodeći računa o zaštiti okoliša i zbrinjavanju otpadnih tvari. Takve su sinteze osnova organske kemijske industrije (proizvodnja lijekova, bojila, tenzida, pesticida, polimernih materijala, umjetnih vlakana i dr.), a često se temelje na nekim specifičnim sintetskim reakcijama koje se nazivaju prema imenima otkrivača (npr. Fittigova, Friedel-Craftsova, Franklandova, Grignardova, Knorrova, Kolbeova, Wurtzova sinteza).

Prikaz kemijske sinteze kojom od monomera (etena) nastaje polimer (polieten):

Modernu orgasnku sintezu usavršio je R. B. Woodward, dobitnik Nobelove nagrade za kemiju (1965.) za nekoliko briljantnih totalnih sinteza uključujući i sintezu strihnina.

Osim kemijskih spojeva dobivenih sintezom, sintetskima se nazivaju i neki umjetno proizvedeni industrijski proizvodi, npr. sintetski benzin, sintetski kaučuk, sintetska vlakna.

Izvori

Opća kemija

Sinteza (kemija)


Buckminster Fuller: Thinking Out Loud is a 1996 PBS American Masters documentary drama film on the inventor, visionary, and thinker R. Buckminster Fuller produced and directed by Academy Award nominees Karen Goodman and Kirk Simon. Cinematography by Buddy Squires, edited by Sara Fishko, and a production of Simon & Goodman Picture Company.

Fuller, who died in 1983, is considered by some to be one of the 20th century's most noteworthy, controversial, and creative thinkers. The film looks at his unconventional life, his innovations, and his radical view of the contemporary world.  Best known as the inventor of the Geodesic Dome, Fuller had many other inventions, such as an air-streamed three-wheeled car and many other ideas of how to "benefit mankind."

The film includes interviews with Philip Johnson, Merce Cunningham, John Cage and Arthur Penn. It is narrated by Morley Safer, with Spalding Gray as the voice of Buckminster Fuller. The filmmakers were the first journalists to have open access to the vast collections of Fuller's personal papers. As Fuller was widely documented, the film includes extensive archival footage of Fuller from many sources. The film premiered in competition at the Sundance Film Festival in 1996 and was nominated for an Emmy for Best Cultural/Historical Documentary the same year.

References

External links
Buckminster Fuller: Thinking Out Loud, About R. Buckminster Fuller, American Masters, PBS, December 12, 2001

Biographical documentary films
Thinking Out Loud
American Masters films
1990s American films

Buckminster Fuller: Thinking Out Loud


Laura Spelman Rockefeller, djevojačkim imenom Laura Celestia Spelman, zvana Cettie (Wadsworth, Ohio, 9. rujna 1839. – Pocantico Hills, New York, 12. ožujka 1915.), američka edukatorica i filantrop, supruga prvog milijardera Johna D. Rockefellera (1839. – 1937.), suosnivača Standard Oila.

Rodila se u obitelji bogatog poduzetnika Harveyja B. Spelmana i Lucy Henry. Godine 1859. počela je raditi kao učiteljica u Clevelandu, a tri godine kasnije postala je zamjenica ravnatelja. Godine 1864. udala se za bivšeg razrednog kolegu, Johna D. Rockefellera, s kojim je imala petero djece; četiri kćeri i jednog sina, Johna D. mlađeg. Oboje su bili pobožni i prenijeli su osjećaj dužnosti i disciplinu svojoj djeci.

Premda je njen suprug bio suosnivač Standard Oila 1870. godine, što je obitelji donijelo izniman kapital, Laura je ostala skromna kućanica. Zajedno sa suprugom posvetila se filantropskom radu te je 1884. godina osnovala ono što će postati Koledž Spelman. Osim dobrotvornog rada, posvetila se i crkva. U starosti je bolovala od tuberkuloze te je zadnje godine života provela u invalidskim kolicima. Umrla je od srčanog udara 1915. godine. Tri godine nakon njene smrti, njen suprug je osnovao Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial, koji se bavio obrazovanjem i socijalnom skrbi, a s vremenom je postao dio Zaklade Rockefeller.

Vanjske poveznice

 Laura Spelman Rockefeller - Britannica Online
 Laura Spelman Rockefeller (1839. – 1915.) - encyclopedia.com
 Laura Spelman Rockefeller, 1839. - 1915. - rockarch.org

Životopisi, SAD
Dinastija Rockefeller

Laura Spelman Rockefeller


Nobuhisa Urata (født 13. september 1989) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Matsumoto Yamaga FC.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Nobuhisa Urata


Kingdom of Comfort es el séptimo álbum de estudio y el último de la banda británica de rock Delirious? lanzado en el Reino Unido el 14 de abril de 2008. Fue producido por Sam Gibson y masterizado en los estudios Abbey Road de la ciudad de Londres. El proyecto fue el último de la "trilogía" anunciada por el guitarrista Stu G a comienzos de 2003.

Historia
Inspirados por las visitas a la India Delirious? decidió plasmar en el álbum un foco de desigualdad e injusticia social en todo el mundo. El guitarrista Stuart Garrard comento: "ver a los niños en busca de residuos de basura en las calles de Bombay, los proyectos de educación y la alimentación en los barrios pobres de la ciudad han tenido un verdadero impacto en nosotros. No teníamos que seguir viviendo de la misma manera teníamos que preguntarnos, ¿Qué estoy construyendo? ¿Un reino de comodidad? o ¿El reino de los cielos?". Garrard también comentó que el título del álbum fue inspirado en un artículo de Rob Bell, escritor de Mars Hill Bible Church.

Cuando la banda volvió al estudio comenzó el proceso de composición y grabación del disco. Una sección improvisada a menudo tocada en el intermedio de la canción "History Maker" fue tomada para formar "God Is Smiling". Otra canción "Wonder" fue escrita por Martin Smith acerca de un niño que fue adoptado por una familia, mientras que "Break The Silence" fue coescrita junto al exvocalista de Snow Patrol Iain Archer. Quince canciones fueron grabadas en total y doce fueron seleccionadas para el corte final. Del álbum Delirious? lanzó "Love Will Find a Way" como sencillo el 17 de noviembre de 2008. Este entró en las listas del Reino Unido en el Top 75, exactamente en la casilla #55.

Tras el lanzamiento del álbum dos canciones que no fueron incluidas en el corte final "Hallelujah" y "Mothers of the Night", fueron puestas a disposición para su descarga gratuita en el sitio web de la banda.

Recepción
La página ChristianMusicToday indicó que el álbum resaltaba "Todo lo que el mundo se cuestiona, desde el cáncer hasta el consumismo, los sueños cinco estrellas de los barrios marginales y la pobreza. Es un álbum que llama al sacrificio, a la justicia social y al amor". El sitio Cross Rhythms dio al álbum diez estrellas de diez afirmando que era "Uno de los álbumes más crudos y apasionados que estos titanes del rock hayan lanzado".

Lista de canciones

UK
 "Kingdom of Comfort"
 "God Is Smiling"
 "Give What You've Got"
 "Love Will Find a Way"
 "Eagle Rider"
 "We Give You Praise"
 "How Sweet the Name"
 "Wonder"
 "Break the Silence"
 "Stare the Monster Down"
 "All God's Children"
 "My Soul Sings"
 "Hallelujah" (Free download)
 "Mothers of the Night" (Free download)

US
 "Kingdom of Comfort"
 "God Is Smiling"
 "Give What You've Got"
 "Love Will Find a Way"
 "Eagle Rider"
 "We Give You Praise"
 "How Sweet the Name"
 "Wonder"
 "Break the Silence"
 "Stare the Monster Down"
 "All God's Children"
 "My Soul Sings"
 "Hallelujah" (Free download)
 "Mothers of the Night" (Free download)
 "We Give You Praise" (Remix)

Posicionamiento

Referencias

Álbumes de 2008
Álbumes en inglés

Kingdom of Comfort


French Open 2018 er en tennisturnering, der blev spillet udendørs på grusbaner i perioden 27. maj - 10. juni 2018 på Stade Roland Garros i Paris, Frankrig. Det var den 117. udgave af mesterskabet og den anden grand slam-turnering i 2018.

Herresinglemesterskabet Rafael Nadal, som dermed vandt French Open-mesterskabet i herresingle for 11. gang, og som dermed tangerede Margaret Courts rekord i at have vundet samme grand slam-titel flest gange. Det var den 32-årige spaniers 17. grand slam-titel i karrieren, og han blev den blot fjerde spiller i den åbne æra (efter Ken Rosewall, Rod Laver og Roger Federer), der vandt tre grand slam-titler i herresingle som 30-årig eller ældre. I finalen vandt Rafael Nadal med 6-4, 6-3, 6-2 over Dominic Thiem, der var i sin første grand slam-finale, og som for tredje år i træk mindst nåede frem til semifinalen i French Open-mesterskabet i herresingle.

Damesingletitlen gik til Simona Halep, der vandt sin første grand slam-titel, da hun i finalen vandt med 3-6, 6-4, 6-1 over US Open-mesteren Sloane Stephens, og dermed blev hun den første rumæner, der vandt French Open-mesterskabet i damesingle, siden Virginia Ruzici hjemførte titlen i 1978.

Herredoublemesterskabet blev vundet af Pierre-Hugues Herbert og Nicolas Mahut, som i finalen besejrede Oliver Marach og Mate Pavić med 6-2, 7-6(4), og som dermed vandt French Open-mesterskabet i herredouble for første gang. Det var parrets tredje grand slam-titel i herredouble, idet de tidligere havde sejret i US Open i 2015 og Wimbledon-mesterskabet i 2016, og dermed blev de det første rent franske makkerpar i den åbne æra, der vandt mindst tre grand slam-titler i herredouble. Det var blot tredje gang i den åbne æra, at French Open-mesterskabet i herredouble blev vundet af et rent fransk par.

I damedoubleturneringen sejrede tjekkerne Barbora Krejčíková og Kateřina Siniaková, som i finalen besejrede japanerne Eri Hozumi og Makoto Ninomiya med 6-3, 6-3, og som dermed begge vandt den første grand slam-titel i deres karrierer. De to 22-årige tjekker blev samtidig det andet rent tjekkiske par, der vandt French Open-mesterskabet i damedouble, og det første siden Andrea Hlaváčková og Lucie Hradecká i 2011.

Mixed double-mesterskabet blev vundet af Latisha Chan og Ivan Dodig, som i finalen besejrede Gabriela Dabrowski og Mate Pavić med 6-1, 6-7(5), [10-8]. Både Chan og Dodig vandt dermed en grand slam-titel i mixed double for første gang i deres karrierer, og for begge spillere var sejren endvidere deres anden grand slam-triumf i alt, eftersom Chan tidligere havde vundet US Open-mesterskabet i damedouble 2017 sammen med Martina Hingis, mens Dodigs første grand slam-sejr blev spillet hjem ved French Open-mesterskabet i herredouble 2015 med Marcelo Melo som makker.

Præmier

Den samlede præmiesum for French Open 2018 androg € 39.197.000, hvilket var en stigning på ca. 8,9 % i forhold til året før. I mesterskabsrækkerne var pengepræmierne fordelt som vist nedenfor.

Pengepræmier i rækkerne for kørestolstennis androg € 217.000 og fordelte sig som angivet nedenfor.

Pengepræmierne i opvisningsturneringerne med deltagelse af tidligere stjerner samt per diem-udbetalinger androg € ?.

Resultater

Resultaterne fra ottendedelsfinalerne og frem i singlerækkerne og fra kvartfinalerne og frem i doublerækkerne vises nedenfor. For komplette resultater henvises til de uddybende artikler.

Herresingle

Damesingle

Herredouble

Damedouble

Mixed double

Juniorer

Finalerne i juniorrækkerne fik følgende resultater.

Kørestolstennis

Finalerne i rækkerne for kørestolstennis fik følgende resultater.

Legender

Finalerne i invitationsturneringen for tidligere topspillere, "legender", fik følgende resultater.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Roland Garros

Noter

WTA Tour 2018
ATP World Tour 2018

French Open 2018


Feliciano es un personaje de historieta español de Vázquez, protagonista de la serie homónima. La primera página del personaje se publicó en 1966 pero no tuvo continuidad hasta que en 1969 lo retomó cambiando su aspecto para la revista Gran Pulgarcito. La característica fundamental de Feliciano es su absurda y superlativa buena suerte.

Trayectoria editorial
La suerte (o más bien la falta de ella) había sido una constante de la obra de Vázquez desde sus inicios; no en vano, había creado a Mr. Lucky, ya en 1947.

El personaje de Feliciano vio la luz en el número 1810 (1966) de la revista Pulgarcito, pero no tuvo éxito.

En 1969, con algunos cambios gráficos, el autor recuperó el personaje para la revista Gran Pulgarcito, siendo uno de los tres personajes realizados por el autor para dicha publicación junto a Don Polillo y La Abuelita Paz.

A mediados de 1969 Vázquez empezó a dejar de entregar sus páginas, por lo que a partir del número 38 de la revista las historietas están realizadas por Torá. Como curiosidad, este dibujante insertó comentarios en las historietas acerca de las ausencias de Vázquez hasta el punto de que en el número 46 le hace sufrir una serie de desgracias impropias de su condición, hasta que al final se revela que la revista ha sido vendida a una editorial que exige que la serie vire hacia el infortunio de sus personajes. El personaje vuelve a aparecer del lápiz de Torá una vez más en el número 57, mientras que en el número 60 se reutiliza la historieta original de 1966.

Argumento y personajes
La característica diferenciadora de Feliciano es su increíble fortuna que resulta cómica por lo superlativo de la misma. Al contrario de la mayoría de los personajes de la escuela Bruguera, cuya comicidad se basaba en la frustración, Feliciano es un personaje al que todo le sale bien: Constantemente recibe premios de sorteos, si paseando por el campo empieza a sentirse cansado un rayo golpea un árbol en que se tala una silla y hasta los fideos de su sopa de letras forman la palabra "guapo".

Con frecuencia, la comicidad de la serie se basa en que algún gamberro o maleante trata de perjudicar a Feliciano, pero invariablemente estos acaban sufriendo todo tipo de infortunios, a menudo sin que Feliciano llegue siquiera a enterarse de su existencia. Uno de los "malvados" habituales de sus aventuras es el propio autor, Vázquez, que siempre trata de estafar a Feliciano con resultados nefastos para él. Por ejemplo en una historieta le vende un terreno supuestamente sin valor, pero Feliciano excavando encuentra allí la Atlántida para la rabia y frustración de Vázquez.

Los bancos, presentados de forma burlesca y siempre solícita, son también un elemento recurrente de la serie. Feliciano encuentra billetes y tesoros con tanta frecuencia que los bancos abren sucursales allá donde va.

Aspecto
Feliciano tiene un aspecto muy similar a otro personaje del autor, Anacleto. En su aparición inicial en 1966, Vázquez le dotó de un bigotillo para diferenciarlos y apariencia despistada. Cuando retomó al personaje en 1969 le quitó el bigote, le colocó un sombrero de paja (tal vez influencia de Maurice Chevalier) y le dio una expresión de mayor seguridad.

Feliciano está siempre fumando un cigarro.

Estilo
Según el crítico Jordi Canyinssà, Feliciano muestra el viraje de la obra de Vázquez hacia el humor absurdo y la economía expresiva.

Recepción
La trayectoria del personaje fue, al igual que la de la revista que lo acogió, bastante corta. Sin embargo, Vázquez sintió un especial aprecio por él, ya que en una entrevista realizada en 1993 en la revista Amaníaco tras hablar mal de varios personajes creados en la época de Bruguera, al ser preguntado por Feliciano responde "Ese era bueno".

Bibliografía

Notas y referencias

Enlaces externos

 Un tipo con suerte en el Blog de Lady Filstrup.

feliciano
Suerte
Historietas de 1966
Historietas de 1969

Feliciano (historieta)


An Pteroceras indicum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Punekar. An Pteroceras indicum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pteroceras, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pteroceras

Pteroceras indicum


Coğrafyada, ova genellikle alçak bölgelerde bulunan ama yanlış bilinenin aksine bazen yükseklerde de bulunabilen, akarsu alüvyonlarının oluşturduğu birikimli, düz bir arazi alanıdır. Ovalar vadiler boyunca veya dağların eteklerinde, kıyı ovaları ve yaylalar veya yayla ovaları olarak ortaya çıkar.

Bir vadide, bir ova iki tarafta çevrelenir, ancak diğer durumlarda bir ova tepelerin tamamı veya çevresinin bir kısmı, dağlar veya uçurumlar tarafından tasvir edilebilir. Bir jeolojik bölgenin birden fazla ova içerdiği durumlarda, bir geçiş ile bağlanabilir (bazen bir boşluk olarak adlandırılır). Kıyı ovaları, dağlar veya yaylalar gibi yüksek özelliklere ulaşana kadar çoğunlukla deniz seviyesinden yüksekte bulunur.

Ovalar tüm kıtalarda bulunur ve Dünya topraklarının üçte birinden fazlasını kapsayan ovalar, dünyadaki en büyük yer şekillerinden biridir. Ovalar akan lavlardan oluşmuş olup, su, buz, rüzgar tarafından biriktirilmiş veya bu ajanlar tarafından tepelerden ve dağlardan erozyonla oluşturulmuş olabilir. Ovalar genellikle maki (subtropikal), bozkır (yarı kurak), Savan (tropikal) veya tundra (polar) biyomlarında bulunmaktadır. Bazı durumlarda, çöller ve yağmur ormanlarında da ovalar olabilir.

Birçok bölgedeki ovalar tarım için önemlidir, çünkü toprakların tortu olarak biriktirildiği yerlerde yoğun ve verimli olabilirler. Ova, mahsul üretiminin mekanizasyonunu kolaylaştırır; ya da hayvancılık için iyi otlama alanları bulunmaktadır.

Ova türleri

Biriktirme ovaları
Çökelme ovalarının türleri şunlardır:

 Abisal ovalar, derin okyanus havzasının düz veya çok hafif eğimli bölgelerinde bulunmaktadır.
 Ova için Latince kelime olan Planitia, Mars'taki Hellas Planitia veya Venüs'teki Sedna Planitia gibi dünya dışı gezegenlerin isimleri ovaların isimlendirilmesinde kullanılır.

alüvyon ovaları nehirlerin oluşturduğu ve bu örtüşen tiplerden biri olabilir:

Alüvyal ovalar, alüvyal toprak haline gelen sel ovalarında veya yataklarında tortu biriktiren bir nehir tarafından uzun bir süre içerinde oluşmaktadır. Bir sel ovası ve bir alüvyon ovası arasındaki fark şudur: bir sel ovası, günümüzde veya yakın zamanda sürekli olarak sel yaşayan alanları temsil ederken, bir alüvyon ovası, bir sel ovasının şimdi ve eskiden olduğu alanları veya sadece birkaç kez sel yaşanan alanları içermektedir.
 Sel Ovası, ara sıra veya düzenli olarak sel afetinin gerçekleştiği bir göle, nehire, dereye veya sulak alana bitişik alandır.
 Scroll Ovası, nehrin çok düşük bir eğimle kıvrıldığı bir ova çeşididir.

Buzulların yerçekimi kuvveti ile hareketi sonucu oluşan buzul ovaları:

Outwash Ovası bir eriyen buzun suyu ile biriken tortulardan oluşan bir buzul ovasıdır. Temel olarak tabakalı (katmanlı ve sıralanmış) çakıl ve kumdan oluşur.
 Ovalara kadar, buz tabakasında, buzulun ana gövdesinden ayrılan ve taşınan tortuları biriktirdiği yerde eridiği forma kadar olan kısma buzul ovası denir. Till plains, her boyuttaki sıralanmamış malzemeden oluşur.
 Göl ovaları, başlangıçta göl ortamında, yani bir göl yatağı olarak oluşan ovalar.
 Akan lav tabakalarından oluşan lav ovaları.

Erozyon Ovaları
Erozyon ovaları, engebeli yüzeyi aşındıran ve pürüzsüzleştiren akan su, nehirler, rüzgar ve buzul gibi çeşitli denudasyon elemanları tarafından düzleştirilir. Bu denudasyon elemanları etkisiyle oluşan ovalara peneplains (neredeyse ova), rüzgar etkisiyle oluşan ovalara pediplains denir.

Yapısal ovalar
Yapısal ovalar, Dünya'nın nispeten bozulmamış yatay yüzeyleridir. Bunlar, dünya yüzeyindeki en geniş doğal ovalardan bazılarını oluşturan bölgeler olup, yapısal olarak çökmüş bölgeleridir.

Bazı Ova Çeşitleri

Otlak
 Yayla
 Savan
 Bozkır
 Çayır

Önemli örnekler
Ayrıca bakınız: Category: Plains by country

Amerika

Karayipler ve Güney Amerika

 Altiplano (Bolivya, Şili)
 Altiplano Cundiboyacense (Kolombiya)
 Caroni Ovası (Trinidad ve Tobago)
 Şili Merkez Vadisi
Cancha Rayada
Los Llanos
 Gran Chaco (Arjantin, Bolivya, Paraguay)
 Llanos (Kolombiya ve Venezuela)
 Pampas (Arjantin, Uruguay, Brezilya)
 Şili'nin kıyı ovaları

Kuzey Amerika

 Atlantik kıyı Ovası (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)
 Carrizo Ovası (California, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)
 Great Ovası (Kanada ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)
 Gulf Coastal Plain (Meksika ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)
 Interior Plains (Kanada ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)
 Lake Superior Lowland (Wisconsin, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri)
 Laramie Ovaları (Wyoming)
 Mississippi Alüvyal Ovası (Mississippi)
 Oxnard Ovası (Ventura County, California)
 Snake River Ovası (Idaho)

Asya

Doğu Asya

 Chianan Ovası (Tayvan)
 Depsang Ovaları (Çin ve Hindistan)
 Honam Ovası (Güney Kore)
 Kantō Ovası (Japonya)
 Kedu Ovası (Endonezya)
 Kewu Ovası (Endonezya)
 Mallig Ovaları (Filipinler)
 Nōbi Ovası (Japonya)
 Kuzey Çin Ovası (Çin)
 Osaka Ovası (Japonya)
 Pingtung Ovası (Tayvan)
 Sarobetsu ovası (Japonya)
 Batı Sibirya Ovası (Rusya)
 Yilan Ovası (Tayvan)

Güney Asya
 Bhuikhel (Nepal)
 Depsang Ovaları (Hindistan ve Çin)
 Dooars (Hindistan ve Bhutan)
 Doğu kıyı Ovaları (Hindistan)
 Hint-Gangetik Ovaları (Bangladeş, Hindistan, Nepal ve Pakistan)
 More Ovalar (Hindistan)
 Kuzey Bengal Ovaları (Bangladeş ve Hindistan)
 Pencap Ovaları (Pakistan ve Hindistan)
 Terai (Hindistan ve Nepal)
 Utkal Ovaları (Hindistan)
 Batı kıyı Ovaları (Hindistan)

Batı Asya

 El-Ghab Ovası (Suriye)
 Halep Yaylası (Suriye)
 Ararat Ovası (Ermenistan ve Türkiye)
 İsrail kıyı Ovası (İsrail)
 Khuzestan Ovası (İran)
 Mugan Ovası (Azerbaycan ve İran)
 Ninova Ovaları (Irak)
 Shiraki Ovası (Gürcistan)

Avrupa

Orta Avrupa

 Limagne (Fransa)
 Kuzey Alman Ovası
 Ochsenfeld (Fransa)
 Pannonian Havzası (Orta Avrupa)
 Parndorf Ovası (Avusturya)
 Vestfalya Ovası (Almanya)

Doğu Avrupa
 Bărăgan Ovası (Romanya)
 Danubian Ovası (Bulgaristan)
 Dinyeper Ovası (Ukrayna)
 Doğu Avrupa Ovası
 Avrupa Ovası
 Büyük Macar Ovası
 Kosova alanı (Kosova)
 Küçük Macar Ovası (Avusturya, Macaristan ve Slovakya)
 Pannonian Bozkır (Macaristan)
 Polezya ovaları (Ukrayna ve Belarus)
 Yukarı Trakya Ovası (Bulgaristan)
 Wallachian Ovası (Romanya)

Kuzey Avrupa

 Cheshire Ovası (İngiltere)
 Hardangervidda (Norveç)
 Kaffiøyra (Svalbard, Norveç) Muddus plains (İsveç)
 Kuzey Avrupa Ovası
 Kuzey Northumberland Kıyı Ovası (Kuzey İngiltere)
 Kuzey Somerset Seviyeleri (Kuzey Somerset, İngiltere)
 Salisbury Ovası (İngiltere)
 Solway Ovası (Cumbria, İngiltere)
 Somerset Seviyeleri (Somerset, İngiltere)
 South Coast Ovası (Hampshire ve Sussex, İngiltere)
 Güney Småland peneplain (İsveç)
 Stora Alvaret (Öland, İsveç)
 Strandflat (Norveç)
 Alt Kambriyen peneplain (İskandinav ülkeleri)
 Orta İsveç Ovası
 Ostrobothnian Ovası (Finlandiya)
 Fylde (Lancashire, İngiltere)

Güney Avrupa

 Agro Nocerino Sarnese (İtalya)
 Campidano (İtalya)
 Lelantine Ovası (Yunanistan)
 Mesaoria (Kıbrıs)
 Messara Ovası (Yunanistan)
 Nurra (Sardinya, İtalya)
 Po Vadisi (İtalya)
 Rieti Vadisi (Orta İtalya)
 Tavoliere delle Puglie (Güney İtalya)

Okyanusya

Avustralya

 Bogong High Plains (Victoria Alpleri, Avustralya)
 Cumberland Ovası (Sydney, Avustralya)
 Esperance Plains (Batı Avustralya)
 Molonglo Ovası (Avustralya Başkent Bölgesi)
 Mulga toprakları (Doğu Avustralya)
 Nullarbor Ovası (Güney Avustralya)
 Ord Victoria Ovası (Kuzey Avustralya)
 Kuğu Kıyı Ovası (Perth, Avustralya)

Yeni Zelanda

 Awarua Ovaları (Southland)
 Canterbury Ovaları (Canterbury)
 Hauraki Ovaları (Waikato)
 Maniototo (Otago)
 Taieri (Otago)

Türkiye'deki ovalar
Türkiye de Tektonik ovalar, Delta ovaları ve karstik ovalar bulunur. Özellikle Tektonik ovalar yaygındır.

Tektonik Ovalar

 Iğdır ovası
 Ağrı
 Pasinler
 Niksar
 Varto
 Kahramanmaraş
Erzincan
Malatya
Konya ovası
Adıyaman
Karlıova
Suşehri
Amik
Ladik
Merzifon
Suluova
Taşova
Kurşunlu-Çerkeş
Tosya
Kırkağaç
Sapanca
Adapazarı
Söke
Turgutlu
Salihli
Torbalı

Delta Ovaları

 Bafra
 Çarşamba
Çukurova
Büyük Menderes
Küçük Menderes
Gediz
Bakırçay

Karstik Ovalar

 Acıpayam
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Nøgen kvindelig model er et oliemaleri fra 1889 af den danske maler Vilhelm Hammershøi.

Hammershøi malede primært interiør-, arkitektur- og landskabsmalerier. Hans motivkreds omfattede typisk hjemmet, moderen, hustruen og københavnske huse og pladser, underlagt en formalistisk stram komposition. Med den karakteristiske gråtoneskala skabte Hammershøi sit unikke univers af noget på én gang fortroligt og hjemligt men samtidigt også foruroligende og ubestemmeligt.

Nøgen kvindelig model er et af de utallige eksempler på, hvordan Hammershøi kan skabe en intens atmosfære med mange fine nuancer og grader af slørethed inden for en helt begrænset gråtonet palet. Hammershøi viser ofte de mennesker, han maler, set med ryggen til eller indadvendte som modellen her. Han arbejder bevidst med det eftertænksomme og meditative moment via figurer, der ikke ser direkte ud af billedet eller møder beskuerens blik. Maleriet indeholder en kropsnær sanselighed, som ofte overses i Hammershøis kunst, men som ofte kommer til syne i flere af kunstnerens skildringer af hustruen Ida. Med sine pensler har han med stor præcision og nænsomhed modelleret kvindens hud og former. Her bliver forestillingen om lærredet som en hud, der berøres og bearbejdes, vakt til live. Hammershøis evne til at få fladen til at pulsere af liv hører også til erotiseringen af kvinden. Han mætter og lukker sjældent farvefladerne, men lader dem i stedet stå meget tynde, ofte transparente, bygget op af små korte, vibrerende strøg. Motivet med studie af en nøgen kvindelig model tager Hammershøi først for alvor op igen i 1909.

Hammershøis metode

Den nedtonede farveskala med især hvide, grå og sorte farver var fra starten en karakteristisk del af Hammershøis stil. Selv sagde han i et interview i 1907: "Hvorfor bruger jeg faa og dæmpede Farver? Det ved jeg skam ikke. Det er ganske umuligt for mig at sige noget derom. Det er naturligt for mig [...] Jeg synes absolut, at et Billede virker bedst i ren koloristisk Henseende, jo færre Farver der er i det."

Hammershøi malede på mange forskellige måder, men fælles for hans billeder er en struktureret tilgang til det at male. Strøgene er ofte sat i "første hug" og vinklet, så de giver variationer af lyssætning i overfladen. I hans tidlige malerier er lange skråtstillede strøg sat op over for områder, hvor mange lag maling sætter et parti op. Der er gerne en kontrast mellem tykkere lag maling og helt tynde lag. Metoden giver bl.a. billederne en sanselig effekt. Fra omkring 1900 og frem ses en tendens til at påføre maling i mindre firkantede strøg, sat op imod hinanden i nøje gennemtænkte strukturer hen over lærrederne. Dele af lærredet kan også stå helt umalet som åbne steder i billedet.

På mange af Hammershøis malerier er der partier af malet lærred, som er bukket bag om den inderste ramme – blændrammen. Sømhuller i lærrederne viser desuden, at han har haft billederne spændt fladt op i deres helhed, inden de blev monteret på ramme, og derefter har han valgt sin beskæring. Man kan sige, at han har "taget" et billede af sit billede. På et fotografi af Hammershøi ved staffeliet kan man se, hvordan han bruger en papirramme lagt løst på lærredet til at afgrænse sit billede med. I andre tilfælde maler han en sort ramme i kanten af motivet.

Den danske kunstner Joakim Skovgaard skrev om et besøg i Hammershøis atelier: "Ved den Lejlighed saa jeg Hammershøis palet. Og den glemmer jeg aldrig. Der laa fire graa og hvide Farveklatter, som omhyggeligt var afgrænset fra hverandre. Det mærkelige ved dem var, at der var lagt Farvelag på Farvelag, og at der var underlig glattet ned i disse Lag, saa det saa ud, som om der laa fire Østersskaller på Paletten. Men med disse farver skabte han de skønne Billeder, som jeg beundrer."

Referencer

Se mere

 Statens Museum for Kunst – 6 film om Hammershøi fra udstillingen Hammershøi og Europa
 Michael Palin and the Mystery of Hammershoi
 Patricia G. Berman, Nyt lys over 1800-tallets danske maleri, 2007,
 Kasper Monrad, Hammershøi og Europa, Udstillingskatalog også på engelsk og tysk, Statens Museum for Kunst, København og Kunsthalle der Hypo Kulturstiftung, München 2012,

Malerier af Vilhelm Hammershøi
Malerier fra 1900
Malerier fra Statens Museum for Kunst

Nøgen kvindelig model