Lena Moncrieff Townsend  (3 November 1911 – 17 November 2004) was a British Conservative politician in London and served briefly as Leader of the Inner London Education Authority.

She was born in Cairo as Lena Westropp, the daughter of a wealthy expatriate British family, and her early years ensured that she had a wide experience of culture. However, she was sent to England to Downe House, a girls' boarding school which specialised in the daughters of colonial servants. She was promising academically and attended Somerville College, Oxford and the University of Heidelberg.

During the Second World War she was an organiser for the Women's Voluntary Service and the Land Army. She married twice, firstly Henry Peat, and then John Townsend. In 1955 she was first elected to the London County Council for her home seat of Hampstead, and took a special interest in the Education Committee. She was chosen to be Leader of the Opposition on the Education Committee from the early 1960s.

Townsend was an unsuccessful candidate in the first Greater London Council election of 1964, being defeated in Camden. However, in 1967 she was more fortunate and won by about 4,000 votes. This brought with it membership of the LCC Education Committee's successor body, the Inner London Education Authority, and it was there that Townsend concentrated. The Conservatives had won narrow control of ILEA and Townsend ran for the Leadership, but lost to Christopher Chataway who was the preferred candidate of the Conservative Party nationally.

Chataway did make Townsend his Deputy, and Chairman of the Schools Committee. The two worked well as a team, with both clearly on the left of the Conservative Party. Townsend supported 'Schools Councils' for pupils to take some responsibility for the management of their schools. She was nominated as a member of the Race Relations Board Conciliation Committee for London in 1968. She was a founder member of the Conservative Group for Europe.

In 1969 Christopher Chataway was elected to Parliament in a byelection, and stepped down from the ILEA Leadership. Townsend was chosen as his successor, and largely continued his moderate policies. When Christian morality campaigner Mary Whitehouse attacked a BBC sex education film, Townsend defended it. She was however faced with a strike of teachers in November that year over a national pay claim.

Fighting for re-election in 1970, Townsend promoted the record of three years of Conservative ILEA by pointing to the success in reducing class sizes by employing more teachers. However, there was a small swing to Labour, who regained control; Townsend lost her seat in Camden but was elected as an Alderman to the GLC and co-opted to ILEA's Education Committee. She remained as Leader of the Opposition until February 1971 when she resigned, saying that she needed a paying job.

Townsend remained an Alderman of the GLC until 1977 when the Aldermanic system was abolished. She was a member of several bodies, most prominently as a Governor of the London College of Fashion (and Chair of Governors from 1967 to 1986). In Edward Heath's Dissolution Honours list of 1974 she was appointed a CBE. Keeping the links with the country of her birth, she was President of the Anglo-Egyptian Association from 1961 until it was wound up in 1987.

References

1911 births
2004 deaths
People educated at Downe House School
Members of London County Council
Members of the Greater London Council
Conservative Party (UK) councillors
Alumni of Somerville College, Oxford
Heidelberg University alumni
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Women councillors in England

Lena Townsend


محمد الزروق رجب (مواليد 1940). أمين اللجنة الشعبية العامة في ليبيا في الفترة ما بين (15 فبراير 1984 - 3 مارس 1986). خلفه في المنصب جاد الله عزوز الطلحي.

تولى أيضاً منصب أمين الخزانة (1977-1981)، وكذلك تولى أكثر من مرة منصب محافظ مصرف ليبيا المركزي.

ملاحظات

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أمين اللجنة الشعبية العامة
رؤساء ليبيا
رؤساء وزراء ليبيا
محافظو مصرف ليبيا المركزي
مواليد 1940
مواليد في ليبيا
وزراء مالية ليبيا

محمد الزروق رجب


James Douglas Breckinridge (* 1781  bei Louisville, Kentucky; † 6. Mai 1849 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker. Zwischen 1821 und 1823 vertrat er den Bundesstaat Kentucky im US-Repräsentantenhaus.

Werdegang
James Breckinridge war Mitglied einer bekannten Politikerfamilie, deren namhaftestes Mitglied John C. Breckinridge war, von 1857 bis 1861 Vizepräsident der Vereinigten Staaten. Andere Familienmitglieder bekleideten hohe politische Ämter auf Staats- und Bundesebene. Breckinridge studierte zwischen 1800 und 1803 am Washington College, der heutigen Washington and Lee University in Lexington (Virginia). Nach einem anschließenden Jurastudium und seiner Zulassung als Rechtsanwalt begann er in Louisville in diesem Beruf zu arbeiten. Eine 1826 erfolgte Ernennung zum Richter lehnte er ab.

Politisch schloss sich Breckinridge der Demokratisch-Republikanischen Partei an. Zwischen 1809 und 1811 saß er als Abgeordneter im Repräsentantenhaus von Kentucky. Nach dem Tod des Abgeordneten Wingfield Bullock im Jahr 1821 wurde er bei der fälligen Nachwahl im achten Wahlbezirk von Kentucky als dessen Nachfolger in das US-Repräsentantenhaus in Washington, D.C. gewählt, wo er am 21. November 1821 sein neues Mandat antrat. Da er bei den regulären Wahlen des Jahres 1822 nicht bestätigt wurde, konnte er bis zum 3. März 1823 nur die angebrochene Legislaturperiode seines Vorgängers beenden.

Nach dem Ende seiner Zeit im US-Repräsentantenhaus zog sich James Breckinridge aus der Politik zurück. Bis zu seinem Tod im Jahr 1849 praktizierte er wieder als Anwalt.

Weblinks

Mitglied des Repräsentantenhauses der Vereinigten Staaten für Kentucky
Mitglied des Repräsentantenhauses von Kentucky
Mitglied der Demokratisch-Republikanischen Partei
Rechtsanwalt (Vereinigte Staaten)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1781
Gestorben 1849
Mann

James D. Breckinridge


Os museus mais visitados do Brasil, a lista contém instituições que recebem acima de 100 mil de visitantes anualmente, incluindo galerias de arte, museus de história e museus de ciência.

Lista

2019

Instituições que não são exatamente um museu

Ver também

 Lista dos museus mais visitados do mundo
 Lista dos museus de arte mais visitados do mundo

Museus Mais Visit
Mais visitados

Lista dos museus mais visitados do Brasil


Localización de la costa Scott

La costa Scott (en inglés, Scott Coast) es el sector más meridional de la costa de la Tierra de Victoria sobre el mar de Ross en la Antártida. Se extiende desde el cabo Washington () que separa las bahías Terra Nova y Wood, límite con la costa Borchgrevink, hasta el acantilado Minna (), un promontorio rocoso en la entrada de la bahía Moore que penetra en la barrera de hielo Ross y forma el límite con la costa Hillary.

La costa Scott es reclamada por Nueva Zelanda como parte de la Dependencia Ross, pero esa reclamación solo es reconocida por unos pocos países y desde la firma del Tratado Antártico en 1959, lo mismo que otras reclamaciones antárticas, ha quedado sujeta a sus disposiciones, por lo que Nueva Zelanda ejerce actos de administración y soberanía sobre el territorio sin interferir en las actividades que realizan otros estados en él.

La costa Scott se halla al oriente de los macizos de las montañas Transantárticas, límite entre los dos grandes sectores en que se divide el continente, por lo que se halla en la Antártida Occidental. Entre esos macizos costeros se hallan las montañas Prince Albert, las colinas Kukri y las cordilleras Kirkwood, Convoy, Clare, Asgard, de la Royal Society, y Britannia. Entre los glaciares que separan esos macizos se hallan el Campbell, el Priestley, el Reeves, el Larsen, el David (que forma la lengua de hielo Drygalski sobre el mar de Ross), el Mawson, el Fry, el Mackay, el glaciar pedemontano Wilson paralelo a costa, el Ferrar, el Blue, y el Koettlitz.

En la costa Scott se hallan los valles secos de McMurdo, que son una serie de valles perpendiculares a la costa que se encuentran en proximidades del estrecho de McMurdo, que tienen un nivel de humedad extremadamente bajo, por lo que representan la región más grande de la Antártida que se halla libre de hielo. En esos valles se halla el lago Vida y el río Ónix, el más largo de la Antártida. Frente a los valles, separada por el estrecho de McMurdo (que marca el comienzo de la barrera de hielo Ross), se halla la isla de Ross que contiene los volcanes Erebus y Terror. Al sur de esa isla en la barrera de hielo se hallan las islas Black y White, y al norte en mar abierto se encuentra la isla Franklin.

El nombre fue dado por el New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee en 1961 en honor al capitán Robert Falcon Scott de la Royal Navy, líder de la Expedición Discovery (1901–1904) y de la Expedición Terra Nova (1910-1913), durante la cual murió luego de retornar del Polo Sur.

En 1985 Italia fundó en la bahía Terra Nova de esta costa la Base Mario Zucchelli, que opera en temporada estival. En la isla de Ross se halla la Base McMurdo de los Estados Unidos y la Base Scott de Nueva Zelanda.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Mapa de la Dependencia Ross

Scott, Costa
Tierra de Victoria

Costa Scott


Die N588 war von 1933 bis 1973 eine französische Nationalstraße, die in zwei Teilen zwischen der N499 westlich von La Chaise-Dieu und Murat verlief. Ihre Gesamtlänge betrug 88 Kilometer. 1973 wurde der Abschnitt zwischen Massiac und Murat in die neue Führung der N122 integriert.

Weblinks
 Route nationale française auf WikiSara, eine Auflistung aller Nationalstraßen (französisch)

588

Route nationale 588


Le palais Alliata di Pietratagliata est un palais aristocratique de Palerme, situé via Bandiera.

Histoire
Le palais fut bâti probablement en 1473, pour Antonio Termine, baron de Birrebaida. Ses descendants l'occupèrent jusqu'en 1748, date à laquelle il fut vendu aux ducs Marassi di Pietratagliata .

En 1808 Maria Cirilla Marassi hérita du palais et épousa Luigi Alliata, issu des princes de Villafranca, l'une des plus importantes familles de la noblesse sicilienne de l'époque.

Le palais conserve des éléments caractéristiques du gothique catalan, à l'image de la tour qui date du . Il concentre cependant différents styles architecturaux et décoratifs, allant du gothique tardif au rococo en passant par le néoclassicisme et le néogothique, reflétant ainsi les multiples interventions architecturales subies au fil du temps : restauration et agrandissement au , décorations rocailles et fresques aux plafonds.

Parmi les éléments remarquables, on trouve des fenêtres à meneaux d'origine, les salles du rez-de-chaussée comprenant des fresques de Vito d'Anna, ainsi que les salles de réception comme la salle du Quattrocento, réaménagée dans le style néo-gothique au début du  sur des dessins de l'architecte Francesco Paolo Palazzotto.

Depuis quelques années le palais, toujours habité, est ouvert au public pour des visites de groupe et des événements.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Palais à Palerme

Palais Alliata di Pietratagliata


Institutul de Geografie al Academiei Române a fost înființat în 1944, având două sucursale, una la Cluj-Napoca și alta la Iași.

Din 1952, institutul recrutează din rândul propriilor specialiști. Între anii 1958 și 1974, a funcționat ca instituție de cercetare a Academiei Române. În 1975 a trecut în subordinea Ministerului Educației și Cercetării, respectiv a Universității din București.

Institute ale Academiei Române
Fondări în 1944


Andreas Reischek ist der Name folgender Personen:

 Andreas Reischek (Ethnograf) (1845–1902), österreichischer Forschungsreisender, Ethnograf und Ornithologe
 Andreas Reischek (Journalist) (1892–1965), österreichischer Journalist

Andreas Reischek


أرويفلام  شركة سويدية الأصل. تأسست سنة 1967 على يد الأخوين جوناس وروبير جوشنيك؛ وهي شركة لمواد التجميل من بين الشركات العالمية الأكثر تطوراً وانتشاراً. وهي تتواجد حاليا بأكثر من 60 دولة وتملك أسهماً عالية القيمة في بورصة ستوكهولم المعروفة عالمياً.

أهداف الأخوين جوشنيك
كان حلم هذين الشابين اليافعين هو خلق مقاولة للتجميل تعرض مجموعة منتجات للعناية بالبشرة مختلفة اختلافاً تاماً عما كان موجوداً في ذلك الوقت. وكانا يريدان أيضاً أن يستعملا طريقة يمكّنان فيها الزبائن من الحصول على نصائح شخصية من أناس يضعون ثقتهم فيهم بطريقة جيدة ومسلية. بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية مباشرة اخترعا أهم منتوج في أوريفلام وهو تاندر كير والمسمى سابقا بيونيفرسل، ذلك الكريم الصغير الذي يخفي الندوب من البشرة بعد تعرضها للحرق أو إثر التعرض للرصاص الذي كان يعاني منه أغلب الناس في تلك الفترة من الزمن. بعد النجاح الباهر الذي حققه المنتوج قررا إكمال مسيرتهما في صنع المواد التجميلية.

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 1967 في السويد
شركات أسست في 1967
شركات تصنيع سويدية
شركات سويدية أسست في 1967
شركات مواد التجميل
علامات تجارية سويدية
علامات تجارية سويسرية
علامات تجارية للعناية الشخصية
ماركات تجميلية

أوريفلام


سيفاستوبول أو سِفَستُبول أو سيباستوبول أو سِبَستُبول (Севасто́поль) أو أَقْيَار هي إحدى مدن شبه جزيرة القرم المتنازع عليها بين روسيا وأوكرانيا وتطل على البحر الأسود. تشتهر دائما بأنها مدينة المجد العسكري الروسي ولها أهمية هائلة في تاريخ روسيا العسكري وهي حاليا مقر لأسطول البحر الأسود الروسي، على الرغم من وقوعها في أراضى أوكرانيا ظلت موسكو ترفض بشدة سحب الاسطول الروسي من المدينة، إلى أن تم ضمها إلى روسيا عام 2014. عدد سكان المدينة 342451 طبقا لإحصائيات عام 2001 والمدينة تنمو بسرعة كبيرة منذ تفكك الاتحاد السوفيتى.

تشهد المنطقة منذ أوائل 2014م أزمة سياسية بعدما قامت القوات المسلحة الروسية ببسط سيطرتها على شبه الجزيرة، واجرت استفتاء من بعده ضمت شبه الجزيرة إلى قوام روسيا الاتحادية والذي اعتبرته اوكرانيا ومعها المجتمع الدولي احتلال وتعدي على سيادة اوكرانيا ووحدة اراضيها.

لا تزال هذه المدينة محدودة الأعتراف دوليا.

التاريخ
يعود تاريخ تأسيس المدينة إلى 14 يونيو 1783 بعد قيام روسيا بغزو شبه جزيرة القرم وسرعان ما أصبحت أحد أهم موانى الاسطول الروسي. وفي عام 1797 تغير اسم المدينة إلى ايختار ولكن في 26 أبريل 1826 عاد للمدينة اسمها سيفاستوبول. من أهم الأحداث التي واجهتها المدينة في القرن التاسع عشر الحصار الذي فرضه عليها القوات البريطانية والفرنسية والتركية والخاصة بجزيرة سردينيا خلال حرب القرم فيما عرف بحصار سيفاستوبول 1854-1855. واستمر الحصار لمدة 11 شهر حيث تم فكه في سبتمبر 1855 بخروج القوات الروسية من المدينة. أصبحت المدينة جزءا من الاتحاد السوفيتى بانضمام أوكرانيا له عام 1919. وخلال الحرب العالمية الثانية تعرضت المدينة للقصف الالمانى خلال عامى 1941 و1942 وخاصة خلال حصار الالمان للمدينة الذي استمر لمدة 250 يوما وانتهى في يوليو عام 1942 بسقوط المدينة في يد الالمان. في 9 مايو 1944 تمكن الجيش الأحمر من تحرير المدينة واعادة ضمها إلى الاتحاد السوفيتى.

بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية اعيد بناء المدينة وجمع للذلك المئات من المهندسين والنحاتين من كييف وسانت بطرسبرغ وموسكو وآلاف من العمال وانتهت أعمال البناء في منتصف الخمسينيات وتم تخطيط المدينة على نحو جيد.

خلال العهد السوفيتى أصبحت سيفاستويول مدينة مغلقة بمعنى انه لا يحق لاحد من غير سكانها حتى السوفيتى الجنسية زيارة المدينة الا باحصول على ترخيص من السلطات الحكومية وان تكون تلك الزيارة لفترات محدودة للغاية وفقا للترخيص الحكومى.

في عام 1991 أصبحت سيفاستوبول مدينة أوكرانية بعد استقلال أوكرانيا وفي عام 1997 وقعت أوكرانيا مع روسيا اتفاقية تتمكن روسيا بموجبها من إدارة القواعد البحرية بالمدينة. كبقية أنحاء شبه جزيرة القرم اللغة الروسية هي اللغة الأكثر استخداما والأساسية على الرغم من محاولات الحكومة الأوكرانية نشر اللغة الأوكرانية في الإقليم.

السكان
عدد السكان 342,451 وينمون بسرعة كبيرة ونسبهم العرقية كالاتي 71.6% للروس و 22.4% للاوكرانيين و 1.6% للبيلاروسيين و 1.2% للتتاريين.

انظر أيضًا
 ضم الاتحاد الروسي للقرم
 كراسنوبيريكوبسك

المصادر

سيفاستوبول
أماكن ساحلية مأهولة في أوكرانيا
أماكن ساحلية مأهولة في روسيا
أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1783
البحر الأسود
البحرية الأوكرانية
البحرية الروسية
تأسيسات سنة 1783 في روسيا
دول ومقاطعات ناطقة بالروسية
قواعد بحرية روسية وسوفيتية
محافظة توريدا
مدن الاتحاد السوفيتي البطلة
مدن إغريقية
مدن روسية مغلقة
مدن شبه جزيرة القرم
مدن فدرالية في روسيا
مدن موانئ في البحر الأسود
مدن وبلدات بنيت في حقبة الإمبراطورية الروسية
مدن وبلدات ساحلية في أوكرانيا
مدن وبلدات ساحلية في روسيا
مدن وبلدات في أوكرانيا شيدت إبان الإمبراطورية الروسية
مقاطعات أوكرانيا
المنطقة الفيدرالية الجنوبية
مواقع هولوكوست في أوكرانيا
نزاعات إقليمية في أوروبا
نزاعات روسيا الإقليمية

سيفاستوبول


Le château de Saint-Rémy  est une ancienne dépendance de l'abbaye de Fontenay située à Saint-Rémy (Côte-d'Or) (Côte-dOr) en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

Localisation
Le château est construit en contrebas du village de Saint-Rémy sur la rive opposée de la Brenne et du canal de Bourgogne.

Historique

En 1234 Hugues IV cède à l'abbaye de Fontenay la justice de Saint-Rémy en échange de ses possessions de Beaune. En 1237, Aalays de Villaines-lès-Prévôtes, veuve de Gui de Santenay, donne à l'abbaye de Fontenay ce qu'elle à Saint-Rémy. En 1236-1239, l'abbaye de Fontenay achète des terres autour du moulin de Saint-Rémy. En 1461 Saint-Rémy et Blaisey sont  possessions de l'abbaye de Fontenoy. En 1540 l'édifice primitif est largement remanié par le dernier abbé régulier, Jacques de Jaucourt, qui construit le logis des abbés commendataires. En 1774 l'ensemble semble encore en bon état et vendu comme bien national en 1795. Transforme en exploitation agricole, sa restauration est entreprise au début du .

Architecture

Le château est bâti sur une large plate-forme rectangulaire, entourée de fossés en eau, alimentés au sud par un petit canal relié au canal de Bourgogne. Les bâtiments, postérieurs au , sont regroupés au centre et au sud de la plate-forme. Le pont dormant, au sud, conduit à une tour-porche qui semble dater du  percée d'une porte charretière avec porte piétonne à droite. Celle-ci est accostée à gauche à un petit bâtiment carré jouxtant une première grange orientée nord-sud, le long de laquelle court une galerie de bois. La cour est fermée au nord par une seconde grange, orientée est-ouest.

Le corps de logis, à droite en entrant, est constitué par un bâtiment gothique d'un étage et demi  ouvert de deux fenêtres simples par façade au rez-de-chaussée et d'autant double croisillon à l'étage. Orienté est-ouest celui-ci coupe en deux la cour intérieure avec un retour d'angle moderne couvert d'un toit brisé plus bas que le bâtiment principal. Son rez-de-chaussée s'ouvre de cinq grandes arcades séparées par des pilastres à cannelure et se termine par une tour carrée en saillie dans le fossé, ouverte à la base de deux canonnières. Dans l'angle des deux corps de logis, une tourelle hexagonale demi-hors-œuvre porte sur le fronton de sa porte deux dates : 1543 et 1611. L'angle nord-est de la plate-forme est occupé par un pigeonnier circulaire.

Les façades et les toitures du château, de la porterie, des communs attenants et du pigeonnier. La galerie et la chapelle sont inscrits aux monuments historiques par arrêté du 25 octobre 1971.

Notes et références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Liste des châteaux de la Côte-d'Or
 Liste des monuments historiques de la Côte-d'Or

Liens externes

Saint-Rémy (Côte-d'Or)
Monument historique dans la Côte-d'Or
Monument historique inscrit en 1971

Château de Saint-Rémy


Gordon is the debut studio album by Canadian band Barenaked Ladies. It was released through Sire Records on July 28, 1992. After The Yellow Tape was certified platinum in Canada, the group won a contest hosted by a local radio station. With the winnings, Barenaked Ladies were able to hire producer Michael Phillip Wojewoda and record the album at Le Studio, north of Montreal, Quebec, Chalet Recording Studios, and Reaction Studios (both in Ontario).  Though most of the album was recorded without incident, difficulty with "The King of Bedside Manor" caused the band to record the track naked—a tradition they would continue on other albums. Horn parts, guest vocalists, and nods to other bands including Rush allowed Barenaked Ladies to expand on the sound they had developed while touring. "They had a real clarity about what they wanted [the album] to be ... I just captured what it is they do", said Wojewoda.

Background and recording
In 1991, after the gold certification of The Yellow Tape—an independently recorded and manufactured cassette—Barenaked Ladies won Discovery to Disc, a contest hosted by CFNY-FM, a Toronto-based rock radio station. With the prize winnings of $100,000, the band hired Michael Phillip Wojewoda to produce the album. Wojewoda felt the band had potential, specifically demonstrated with the track "The Flag", "there was definitely some wisdom in their young years." To get better acquainted with the band Wojewoda invited Barenaked Ladies to sing back-up vocals for "California Dreamline" during the recording of Rheostatics's Whale Music. While in the studio the band met Rush drummer Neil Peart, who had influenced some of the Barenaked Ladies. The band selected 14 songs out of 20 candidates that they had written to record in the studio. "[T]hey didn't need a lot of shaping. It was ... a matter of shifting through a lot of great moments and finding the ones which fit best on the record", said Wojewoda. With the tracks selected, Wojewoda and the band drove to Le Studio. The band worked on the album for ten- to twelve-hour sessions each day, with little conflict among members. At night the band would commute to their house by skiing in the moonlight.

After some difficulty recording "The King of Bedside Manor", it was suggested that the band members record the song naked. Wojewoda and engineer Jean Diamont were also required to remove their clothes; said Wojewoda, "I think the recording has this totally over-the-top nervous energy as a result of being naked." Led by Jim and Andy Creeggan, the band developed horn parts for "Enid", "Wrap Your Arms Around Me", and "Box Set". Guest musicians are used throughout the album including Lewis Melville, Chris Brown, and members of the Bourbon Tabernacle Choir. "I don't think there're many musicians from Toronto who aren't on Gordon", said Brown. The album was mixed in March 1992. Before the album's release, Sire Records had to receive clearance from various parties for music that Barenaked Ladies had included on various tracks of Gordon. Having developed the songs during live performances, Barenaked Ladies integrated themes from Styx, Rush, The Housemartins, and Vince Guaraldi into various tracks. Gordon was released on July 28, 1992.

Artwork
Two covers of this album were released. The original Sire Records cover features all five band members amongst large grey letters which spell "Gordon." The band's name appears in front of a red and blue ball with a stripe on it. The Reprise Records cover features a similar ball as seen on the Sire Records cover in front of an indigo background with black stripes. The band's name is written above the ball on this cover and the album's title is featured below the ball. The Sire Records cover is featured on the top right of the back cover of the Reprise Records version. Both versions feature a disc stylized to look like the ball seen on both releases.

Reception

Jon Pareles of The New York Times wrote, "It's not easy to be hyperactive, brooding, and whimsical all at once, but the Barenaked Ladies do just that." MacKenzie Wilson of AllMusic wrote that the album approaches, but does not cross the "boundaries of silliness." She went on to call the "shared vocals ... refreshing and upbeat", concluding that "Gordon is a great introduction to the Barenaked Ladies' sweet comic relief". The Miami Herald called the album "funny and punny, more inventive than you might expect", stating that "it switches directions on you just when you're least expecting it".

Gordon sold 80,000 copies in Canada during its first 24 hours of release, topping the Canadian charts for eight consecutive weeks. In the United States, initial album sales were stronger in larger cities, however, a spike in sales was not seen until the releases of Rock Spectacle and "One Week". Gordon was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in August 1998. According to Steven Page, the number of "fans who know every word of every song" outnumbers the number of units sold by four times. "Gordon must be the most bootlegged album in [United States] history", said Page. In 2000, the album achieved diamond status in Canada, selling over one million copies.

Track listing

Personnel

Barenaked Ladies

 Steven Page – vocals (all tracks), guitar (tracks 4, 7, 8), shaker (track 8), wat-ups (track 1), moronic intro synth (track 2), cartoon noises (track 8), secret noises (track 15)
 Ed Robertson – guitar (all tracks), vocals (all tracks), shaker (track 8), cowbell (track 9), bionic intro synth (track 2), crowd noise (track 3), funky mouth (track 3)
 Jim Creeggan – double bass (tracks 1–12, 14–15), arco double bass (track 13), vocals (tracks 1–6, 8, 9, 10, 12–15), shaker (track 8), secret noises (track 15)
 Andy Creeggan – organ (tracks 3, 7), piano (tracks 1–3, 7, 9–11, 14–15), conga (tracks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12), tambourine (tracks 5, 6, 8) triangle (track 6), vocals (tracks 1–6, 8–15), Claves (track 9), cuíca (track 2), shaker (tracks 6, 8, 11, 12), mark tree (track 6), güiro (track 9), finger cymbals (track 6), cabasa (track 6), vibraphone (track 9), scat (track 10), wat'ups (track 1), marimba (track 12), mbira (track 12), suitcase (track 13), secret noises (track 15)
 Tyler Stewart – drums (tracks 1–12, 14, 15), vocals (tracks 3, 8), shaker (track 8), wat'ups (track 1), bass drum (track 13), snare drum (track 13)

The Jimmy Crack Horns (track 2)

 Nic Gotham – baritone saxophone
 Gene Hardy – tenor saxophone
 Chris Howells – trumpet
 Tom Walsh – trombone

The Horn Cuskers (track 9)

 Nic Gotham – alto saxophone, baritone saxophone
 Gene Hardy – tenor saxophone

Additional Personnel

 Dave Allen – fiddle (track 14)
 Chris Brown – organ (track 10)
 Chris Howells – flugelhorn (track 6)
 Catherine MacDonnell-Stephens – bassoon (track 6)
 Lewis Melville – pedal steel guitar (tracks 2, 6, 11, 14)
 Martin Tielli – guitar solo (track 15)
 Tom Walsh – trombone (track 1)
 Tim Wilson – bagpipes (track 15)
 Bob Wiseman – accordion (track 14)
 Michael Phillip Wojewoda – tambourine (track 2), Teutonic intro vocal (track 2), shaker (track 8), stupid keyboard bass (track 3), secret noises (track 15)

Production

 Michael-Philip Wojewoda – Producer, Engineer, Remixing
 Greg Calbi – Mastering

The Suburban Tabernacle Choir (track 14)

 Dave Allen
 Mike Barber
 Gregor Beresford
 Arlene Bishop
 Chris Brown
 Erica Buss
 Meryn Cadell
 Naida Creeggan
 Matthew DeMatteo
 Kate Fenner
 Gene Hardy
 Natalie Herbert
 Shelley Hines
 Sally Lee
 Lewis Melville
 Jason Mercer
 Janet Morassutti
 Moxy Früvous
 Keith Nakonechny
 Blair Packham
 Matthew Page
 Steve Pitkin
 Jason Plumb
 Rheostatics
 Wilma Robertson
 Tannis Slimmon
 Earl Stokes
 Wayne Stokes
 Bob Wiseman

Charts

Album

Singles

Certifications

References

Works cited

1992 debut albums
Barenaked Ladies albums
Reprise Records albums
Albums produced by Michael Phillip Wojewoda
Albums recorded at Le Studio

Gordon (album)


El término mangabey puede referirse a tres géneros distintos de cercopithecidae o monos del viejo mundo. Se creyó que Lophocebus y Cercocebus estaban muy relacionados filogenéticamente, tanto que se clasificaron en un solo género. Sin embargo las especies de Lophocebus están mucho más cerca de los babuinos del género Papio, mientras que Cercocebus están más próximas al Mandril. Especies de Rungwecebus fueron descubiertas recientemente.

Géneros
Los tres géneros de mangabeis son:
Lophocebus
Rungwecebus
Cercocebus

Cercopithecidae

Mangabei


Scauniperga (fl. 756), era uma duquesa de Benevento. Ela era mãe de Liuprando de Benevento, e reinou ao seu lado de 751 a 756.

Scauniperga foi casada com Gisulfo II, e tornou-se chefe da regência e regente de Benevento quando seu filho menor sucedeu ao Ducado em 751. Durante a regência, ela mesma foi listada primeiro em documentos oficiais e referida como dux (Duque), o mesmo título que o de seu filho. Ela apoiou o rei Astolfo reconhecendo sua autoridade e, assim, confirmou o ducado como um estado vassalo real do reino.

Bibliografia

 Chris Wickham: A Herança de Roma: Uma História da Europa de 400 a 1000

Duques de Benevento

Scauniperga


Satelitul corupției sau În spațiu (titlu original: Outland) este un film britanic SF din 1981 regizat de Peter Hyams. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de actorii Sean Connery, Peter Boyle și Frances Sternhagen.

Amplasat pe Io, satelitul planetei Jupiter, filmul a fost descris ca fiind un Space Western și are asemănări tematice cu filmul din  1952 La amiază regizat de Fred Zinnemann.

Prezentare

W.T. O'Niel este alocat pe o colonie minieră de pe Io, unul din sateliții lui Jupiter. În timpul mandatului său minerii mor - de obicei violent. Când O'Niel investighează ce s-a întâmplat, acesta descoperă singurul lucru pe care toate decesele îl au în comun și anume un medicament letal tip amfetamină, care permite minerilor să lucreze continuu zile întregi până când devin "consumați" și expiră. O'Niel urmărește traseul comercianților, pistă care îl duce la supraveghetorul coloniei. Acum, O'Niel trebuie să-și păzească spatele la fiecare mișcare, deoarece cei care încearcă să-și protejeze veniturile l-au luat în colimator...

Distribuție
{{Coloane-listă|colwidth=30em|
 Sean Connery - Marshal William T. O'Niel
 Peter Boyle - Mark Sheppard
 Frances Sternhagen - Dr. Marian Lazarus
 James B. Sikking -  Sgt. Montone
 Kika Markham - Carol O'Niel
 Clarke Peters -  Sgt. Ballard
 Steven Berkoff - Sagan
 John Ratzenberger - Tarlow
 Manning Redwood - Lowell
 Angus MacInnes - Hughes
 Eugene Lipinski -  Cane
 Sharon Duce  -  Prostitute attacked by Sagan
 Angelique Rockas - Maintenance Woman
 P.H. Moriarty - Hitman #1
 Doug Robinson - Hitman #2

Producție
Filmările au avut loc la Pinewood Studios. Cheltuielile de producție s-au ridicat la 16 milioane $.

Primire

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 Listă de filme SF de acțiune
 Listă de filme științifico-fantastice din anii 1980

Filme din 1981
Filme britanice
Filme în limba engleză
Filme regizate de Peter Hyams
Filme SF din anii 1980
Filme SF de acțiune
Filme thriller din anii 1980
Filme Warner Bros.
Jupiter în ficțiune

Filme cu acțiunea în viitor
Filme cu acțiunea în spațiul cosmic
Filme de aventură în spațiul cosmic
Filme cu închisori

Satelitul corupției


Cerradoen er et stort savannelignende område i Brasilien. Området strækker sig over delstaterne  Tocantins, Maranhão og Piauí, har en enorm dyre- og plantediversitet med over 10.000 plantearter og 10 endemiske fuglearter. Desuden findes der næsten 200 arter af pattedyr, hvoraf de 10 er endemiske.

Et område på  296.525,14 km² blev i 1994 udpeget til biosfærereservat under UNESCO

Referencer

Brasiliens geografi
Biosfærereservater under UNESCO

Cerrado


Röðulsmæra (fræðiheiti: Oxalis incarnata) er jurt af smæruættkvísl sem er ættuð frá Suður-Afríku.

Tilvísanir

Súrsmæruætt

Röðulsmæra


Blair Kamin foi o crítico de arquitetura do Chicago Tribune, por 28 anos, de 1992 a 2021. Kamin teve outros empregos no Chicago Tribune e anteriormente trabalhou para o The Des Moines Register. Ele também atua como editor colaborador da Architectural Record. Ele ganhou o Prêmio Pulitzer de Crítica em 1999, por um conjunto de  trabalhos destacado por uma série de artigos sobre os problemas e as promessas do maior espaço público de Chicago, a beira do lago . Ele recebeu várias outras homenagens, escreveu livros, deu muitas palestras e serviu como crítico visitante em escolas de arquitetura, incluindo a Escola de Graduação em Design da Universidade de Harvard .

Trabalhos selecionados

 Terror and Wonder: Architecture in a Tumultuous Age (University of Chicago Press, 2010)

Referências

Alunos do Amherst College

Blair Kamin


Gruppe A er en af de to grupper ved IIHF Verdensmesterskabet 2019. De fire bedste hold avancerer til slutspillet, mens det dårligste hold rykker ned i Division I i 2020.

Stilling

Kampe
Alle tider er lokale (UTC+2).

Finland vs Canada

USA vs Slovakiet

Danmark vs Frankrig

Tyskland vs Storbritannien

Slovakiet vs Finland

USA vs Frankrig

Danmark vs Tyskland

Storbritannien vs Canada

USA vs Finland

Slovakiet vs Canada

Storbritannien vs Danmark

Tyskland vs Frankrig

USA vs Storbritannien

Tyskland vs Slovakiet

Canada vs Frankrig

Finland vs Danmark

Frankrig vs Slovakiet

Finland vs Storbritannien

Danmark vs USA

Canada vs Tyskland

Storbritannien vs Slovakiet

Tyskland vs USA

Frankrig vs Finland

Frankrig vs Storbritannien

Canada vs Danmark

Finland vs Tyskland

Slovakiet vs Danmark

Canada vs USA

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
Official website

A
Ishockey i 2019

IIHF Verdensmesterskabet 2019 Gruppe A


An Echinodorus floribundus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Moritz August Seubert, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Moritz August Seubert. An Echinodorus floribundus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Echinodorus, ngan familia nga Alismataceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Echinodorus

Echinodorus floribundus


Serbía er kristið land með meirihluta, þar sem íslam er minnihlutatrú sem er um það bil 3% allra íbúa. Íslam breiddist út til Serbíu á þremur öldum Ottomanstjórnarinnar. Múslimar í Serbíu eru flestir Bosníakar, Albanar og verulegur hluti múslimskra rómamanna auk meðlima smærri hópa, eins og þjóðernismúslimar, Gorani og Serbar (Čitaci).

Samkvæmt manntalinu 2011 voru 228.658 múslimar í Serbíu (3% af heildaríbúafjölda. Sumir Bosníakar frá Sandžak-héraði sniðganga manntalið, þar sem Muamer Zukorlić, einn af leiðtogum Réttlætis- og sáttaflokksins, hvatti fylgjendur sína til að ekki Að taka þátt í manntalinu. Þar að auki sniðgengu íbúar Preševo, Bujanovac og Medveđa sveitarfélögin að mestu leyti manntalið. Þannig er líklegt að raunverulegur fjöldi múslima í Serbíu sé að minnsta kosti um 50.000 fleiri. Stærsti styrkur múslima í Serbíu var að finna í sveitarfélögunum Novi Pazar, Tutin og Sjenica í Sandžak-héraði og í sveitarfélögunum Preševo og Bujanovac í Preševo-dalnum.

Tengt efni
 Íslam
 Íslam í Evrópu
 Íslam á Íslandi
 Evrabía

Tilvísanir

Íslam í Evrópu

Íslam í Serbíu


Chiru este un nume de origine greacă, etimologic fiind o derivare a cuvântului Kyrios (gr: Κύριος) care se traduce prin stăpân sau domn. În uzanța religioasă are înțelesul de Dumnezeu, fiind utilizat ca atare în traducerile în limba greacă a Vechiului și Noului Testament.

În prezent Chiru este de obicei nume de familie, având însă o istorie străveche, fiind atestat documentar în Țara Românească și în comunitățile vlahilor/aromânilor încă din anul 1489.

Note

Nume de familie românești
Prenume masculine românești

Chiru


Avançon se poate referi la:
Avançon, localitate în departamentul Ardennes, Franța
Avançon, localitate în departamentul Hautes-Alpes, Franța
, râu în Elveția

Avançon


Parkdale is a neighbourhood and former village in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, west of downtown. The neighbourhood is bounded on the west by Roncesvalles Avenue, on the north by the CP Rail line where it crosses Queen Street and Dundas Street. It is bounded on the east by Dufferin Street from Queen Street south, and on the south by Lake Ontario. The original village incorporated an area north of Queen Street, east of Roncesvalles from Fermanagh east to the main rail lines, today known as part of the Roncesvalles neighbourhood. The village area was roughly one square kilometre in area. The City of Toronto government extends the neighbourhood boundaries to the east, south of the CP Rail lines, east to Atlantic Avenue, as far south as the CN Rail lines north of Exhibition Place, the part south of King Street commonly known as the western half of Liberty Village neighbourhood.

Parkdale was founded as an independent settlement within York County in the 1850s. It was incorporated as a village in 1879 and amalgamated with Toronto in 1889. It was an upper-income residential area for the first half of the 20th century, with several notable mansions. The area changed dramatically with the building of the Gardiner Expressway in 1955, which resulted in the demolition of the southern section of the neighbourhood and the Sunnyside Amusement Park, and the creation of a barrier between the neighbourhood and the north shore of Lake Ontario. A boom in apartment building construction followed, replacing whole blocks of homes with blocks of apartment buildings. Some of the older large residential buildings remain though many were converted into rooming houses. The demographic composition changed considerably, including a higher proportion of lower income and newcomer families. Today, it is a working-class neighbourhood, with a large percentage of low-income households concentrated in South Parkdale, and an entry point for new immigrants, most recently South Asians and Tibetan. The visible minority population in North Parkdale has changed overall to include fewer Asian, South Asian and Black residents between the census years 2006-2011 (GNR: 34%). The distribution of said visible minorities has changed from being predominantly Black visible minorities to predominantly South Asian (between 2006 and 2011 census).

The area has a vibrant storefront commercial strip along Queen Street West that has seen an increase in restaurants and bars in the 2010s, increasing to the point that planning controls were put in place on the opening of new restaurants and bars from 2012.

Character
Parkdale is primarily a residential area of the city, with semi-detached homes predominating on most side streets. Many of the homes date from the 19th Century and early 20th Century. Around 1900, the area was a well-to-do suburb and many older mansions from around 1900 still exist, often converted to multi-unit buildings. Many of the residential streets have mature trees. Good examples of Victorian housing can still be found on Cowan Avenue and Dunn Avenue, south of King Street. Victorian-era row homes of Georgian Revival style with original gaslights can also be seen on Melbourne Place.

Parkdale has a higher than average amount of rental housing. Several streets, notably Jameson Avenue and Tyndall Avenue have been converted to zones of apartment buildings. The apartment buildings mostly date from the 1950s through the 1970s, and have remained rental buildings while no large condominium projects have been built west of Dufferin Street.

Parkdale's commercial districts are along Queen Street West from Roncesvalles in the west to Dufferin Avenue in the east, and King Street West around Dufferin Street. Queen Street West has a large proportion of restaurants and bars, as well as local shops and art galleries. Commercial space is mostly storefronts oriented toward local customers.

The area has a lower amount of park land per resident compared to other parts of Toronto. Several streets have parkettes (small parks) built since the 1960s in an initiative to increase the amount of park land in the area.

Demographically, Parkdale is mixed in income and ethnicity. The neighbourhood has an above average percentage of renters and that number has increased since 2006 to 2011. The area contains some of the lowest-income persons in the city. Between 2006 and 2011, there was a decrease in the median income of Parkdale by 2.9%. However, in 2011, there was an increase in the number of people earning within the range of $30,000 to $60,000. The large amount of rental stock is an entry point for immigrants to Toronto. The area has a significant group of musicians and visual artists, who often perform and exhibit locally.

To the south of Parkdale, the area is bordered by transportation uses, including the railway, Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard. South of the transportation corridor, the shoreline is mostly park land, with recreational clubs such as the Argonaut Rowing Club and Boulevard Club (formerly the Parkdale Canoe Club) on the water.

History
The Village of Parkdale was founded in 1879, but settlement of the area predated its foundation. In 1812, the  of land bounded from Lot Street (today's Queen Street) on the north, and Jameson on the west and Dufferin Avenue was granted to James Brock, the cousin of Sir Isaac Brock, in lieu of salary. Brock did not occupy or improve the land during his lifetime. After Brock's death in 1830, his widow Lucy Brock sold the lands which became the major part of Parkdale to John Henry Dunn and William Gwynne. The area north of Queen Street was subdivided from the O'Hara Estate, given to Walter O'Hara for military service. Another parcel of land north of Queen was given to James Brock, east of the O'Hara estate, was developed along Brock Avenue and became Brockton Village.

The Parkdale railway station was opened at Queen and Dufferin streets in 1856. In the 1870s, the Grand Trunk Railway built a railway station at Jameson Avenue, on its east–west line. It was named South Parkdale, and the Queen Street station was given the name of North Parkdale station.

A census of residents prior to the founding showed 783 residents of the area, more than enough for the legal requirement of 750 at the time. A local legend is that Romani people (then called Gypsies) were signed up as local residents to provide enough numbers. Parkdale's status as an independent village was controversial at the time and was opposed by the City of Toronto and the York County councils.

It was purely a residential suburb, home to large Victorian mansions and views of Lake Ontario. The first house of worship in Parkdale, the Anglican Church of St. Mark, was completed on January 20, 1881, on Cowan Ave just south of Queen Street.  In 1884, the Village council passed a bylaw to join Toronto, to be annexed by the City of Toronto, as the village was in fact surrounded by the city of Toronto. The act did not take place immediately as the Village's finances were not in order. Liabilities of the village were not clearly stated in the village's financial statements. On October 27, 1888, another vote was held and the annexation was upheld. The village was annexed by the City of Toronto in March 1889. It became "St. Alban's Ward.".

In the 1910s, the South Parkdale station was closed and replaced with Sunnyside railway station. At the time, a cut was made between Dowling and Atlantic streets and the rail lines of the Grand Trunk were moved below street level. The North Parkdale stations were given new signage of "Parkdale", returning to the original name.

'Sunnyside years'
Throughout the first half of the 20th century, Parkdale's desirability stemmed from its proximity to the lake, the Canadian National Exhibition to the south-east and the popular Sunnyside Beach at the foot of Roncesvalles to the west. From 1911 to 1922, the Toronto Harbour Commission improved the lakefront extending the shoreline from the rail line  south, with a breakwater and boardwalk. As an example, in 1905, the Parkdale Canoe Club (known today as the Boulevard Club) opened. When built, it was on a pier extending out into the lake. As part of the infill project, it became situated inland. To the east of the current building were baseball and lacrosse fields. It was the site of a popular women's softball league for many years.

Sunnyside Amusement Park was opened in 1922, providing a popular day vacation for Torontonians. Movie theatres were opened, such as the Brighton on Roncesvalles and the Odeon on Queen Street to the east of Roncesvalles. Hotels like the Edgewater at Queen and Roncesvalles were established.

The Palais Royale at the eastern edge of Sunnyside Beach opened in 1922 as a canoe factory and dance hall. Many important big bands played there in the 1930s and the 1940s, and this attracted a large youth patronage. Many war-generation Torontonians courted their future partners in this building.  The Palais Royale operates today as a special occasion hall and is a favourite venue for bands, including The Rolling Stones, who played a 2002 concert there, and has been the location for live recordings by Sloan and Downchild Blues Band.

1950s-1970s: Gardiner Expressway and urban changes
In 1955, the city began work on the Gardiner Expressway, a limited access highway alongside the railway cut. The Sunnyside Amusement Park was demolished, except for the Bathing Pavilion and the Palais Royale hall. The southern section of Parkdale to the west of Dufferin, south of the railway was also demolished. Parkdale was now separated from Lake Ontario and Sunnyside Beach and the expressway effectively halved the amount of usable lakeside parkland. A reorganization of the area's residential streets was also done. Patronage of the beach declined rapidly. Both the Parkdale and Sunnyside train stations closed during the 1970s.

The neighbourhood changed greatly after the highway was completed and the park closed. Population density increased with the building of numerous apartment buildings. Jameson Avenue, which became the conduit to the highway changed from single family homes to a street of apartment buildings, many cheaply built. Nearby, many of the mansions and large houses became makeshift low-rise 'bachelorette' apartment buildings and rooming houses. Several had operated as tourist hotels for visitors to Sunnyside and the CNE. Industrial activity declined along the railways. One former industrial site on West Lodge Avenue became a two-tower apartment complex that has repeatedly been cited by the city for various by-law infractions. Businesses suffered during the transition, with leisure-type businesses compatible with the Park, such as the Brighton and Odeon theatres closing. Along Queen Street, which saw traffic decline substantially, many businesses closed or changed hands.

1970s: Absorption of out-patients
In the mid-1970s, the Government of Ontario decided to release many long-term care mental illness patients from its Queen Street and Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital facilities to integrate them into the community. Many of the remaining mansions of South Parkdale had already been converted to boarding houses, and were only a short distance away from the Queen Street hospital. Many illegal 'bachelorette' units were also being created and the inexpensive rental stock of South Parkdale soon became home to many of the released patients. The area developed a reputation as a neighbourhood rife with poverty, crime, drugs, homelessness, and large numbers of people living with mental illness.

In 1977, the Parkdale Activity-Recreation Centre (PARC) was founded to operate a drop-in centre in Parkdale for survivors of mental health ailments, the homeless, the disabled and those with few resources. Community volunteers observed that there were a large number of adults living in rooming houses and boarding homes throughout the Parkdale community after local mental health facilities began to de-institutionalize psychiatric patients. Most of these adults possessed little income, had few or no family contacts, did not have a place to go during the day and had been ostracized. In 1980 PARC found funding, staff and a venue and opened its doors to provide support, meals, employment opportunities and various programs to people with serious mental health and addiction issues.

The Parkdale Village Business Improvement Area (BIA) was established in 1978, and represents the commercial strip on Queen Street West from Dufferin Street to Roncesvalles Avenue.  The BIA has highlighted the uniqueness of this commercial district, including its restaurants, antique stores, cafés and shops.

Recent
Owing to the many affordable rental apartments and its proximity to the downtown core, Parkdale has evolved into a transient neighbourhood for many newcomers to Canada. Waves of Caribbean, Indian, Vietnamese, Filipino, Tamil, Chinese, Tibetan, Hungarian and Roma immigrants have marked Parkdale in different times between 1980 till present. Parkdale has, since the late 1990s, hosted a large number of Tibetan settlers, with the area known as Little Tibet becoming home to one of the largest Tibetan diaspora outside of India and Nepal. Parkdale has a number of settlement and immigration agencies that deal with the needs of the newcomers and provide them with the necessary support as they explore the opportunities provided in Canada. Some of the agencies are Parkdale Community Information Centre (PCIC), Parkdale Community Legal Services, PIA, and Culture Link. Parkdale is a mixed income neighbourhood,

Some of the recent developments in Parkdale include the Healthy Organic Parkdale Edibles (HOPE) garden in the Masaryk Park, south of Queen and on the west side of Cowan Avenue. This community garden was founded by Shannon Thompson of Greenest City, along with many community members to allow residents who don't have growing space to grow food and build a more inclusive community area. The environmental and community organization based in Parkdale since 2006 works with food sovereignty, youth employment, environmental awareness and community building. Greenest City has also initiated the Youth Garden in Dunn Parkette. The volunteers of the two gardens also host festivals, workshops, field trips along with other activities and projects in the area.

The area has seen an influx of artists working in the relatively inexpensive spaces, close to the exhibit spaces on Queen Street within Parkdale and along Queen Street to the east. The opening of the Parkdale Arts and Cultural Centre, along with efforts to promote businesses in the area, such as the Parkdale-Liberty Economic Development Centre, has spurred the growth of a vibrant creative area along Queen Street, which puts on a large display during Toronto's annual 'Nuit Blanche.'

The housing stock has seen some gentrification, especially in the area north of Queen Street identified with the "Roncesvalles Village" area, again due to the relatively inexpensive property values.  In recent years housing prices in Parkdale have caught up with much of the rest of Toronto. Still, sub-standard housing in the units within the older buildings remains a concern of local city councillors and local community members. Numerous conversions into bachelorettes were done illegally and conditions did not conform to building or fire codes. An initiative, known as the "Parkdale Pilot Project" was formed to address the illegal conversions, seeking to bring the buildings into line. One location on King Street was the location of the 'Pope Squat' where   Ontario Coalition Against Poverty activists squatted in a vacant  apartment building during a visit of Pope John Paul II. After being vacant for over ten years (most of which it was owned by the Government of Ontario), the building eventually re-opened as apartments, after its redevelopment was approved by the Pilot Project's housing committee.. An apartment building on the corner of Queen Street and Dowling Avenue also lay vacant for some time before being expropriated by the city for an affordable housing re-development. It is known as Edmond Place and is a partnership of the city with PARC.

The commercial uses along Queen Street West have seen changes. In 2013, a sudden proliferation of restaurants and bars in one area led to a bylaw limiting the number to 25% of establishments. The bylaw was rescinded in 2018, with a continuing prohibition on backyard and rooftop patios. In 2018, several vegan businesses owned by a single owner "The 5700" opened, between Dufferin and Brock Street. The company attempted to market the area as "Vegandale", dropping the idea after community protest against gentrification and a conflict with the Parkdale Village BIA. Two of the businesses closed in 2020. An increase in the number of residents of Tibetan origin has led to the opening of Tibetan businesses and restaurants informally known as "Little Tibet".

Education

There are four Toronto-based school boards that provides public education for the city, including the neighbourhood of Parkdale. Two of the four Toronto-based school boards are English first language public school boards, the secular Toronto District School Board (TDSB), and the separate Toronto Catholic District School Board (TCDSB). The institutions operated by the other two Toronto-based school boards, the secular Conseil scolaire Viamonde, and separate Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir, are French first language public school boards. However, neither French-language school board operates a school in Parkdale.

The following elementary and secondary schools are located in Parkdale:

 Parkdale Collegiate Institute, a TDSB secondary school on Jameson Avenue south of Queen Street. It was founded in the 1880s.
 Dr. Rita Cox – Kina Minogok Public School, is a TDSB elementary school on Close Avenue at King Street.
 Parkdale Public School is a TDSB elementary school which includes preschool to grade 8. It is on Seaforth avenue.
 Holy Family Catholic School, a TCDSB elementary school, a part of Holy Family Parish on Close Avenue. Founded in 1900, two years before the parish church and present school opened at their current location, Holy Family School was created out of Toronto's original west end parish and school of St. Helen's and was first in Parkdale's Masonic Hall on the south side of Queen Street near Dowling Ave.  The school was served for many years by the Sisters of Loreto who commuted from their convent in Toronto's downtown.  As population increased in the Parkdale area, the school was enlarged many times such that the standing remains of the original building are now obscured. In 2004 a community centre opened in the school newly built additional building, also at that time, Toronto's archbishop invited fathers of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri in Montreal to come to Toronto to serve Holy Family Church and school.  When the original Holy Family Church burned in 1997, the congregation worshipped in the school while funds were raised to build a new church.

Transportation

There are several routes serving Parkdale. Along Queen and King Streets, streetcars provide service. Along Lansdowne Avenue and Dufferin Street, bus service is provided, connecting to the Bloor-Danforth subway to the north. The 504 King streetcar route along King Street connects to Dundas West station via Roncesvalles Avenue.

Main streets

Queen Street West running east–west is the primary commercial street of the neighbourhood. It is four lanes and the buildings are predominantly 2-3 storey buildings, often with apartments on the upper floors. It ends at Roncesvalles, meeting King Street and the Queensway at the 'Sunnyside' intersection. It continues to the east to downtown. The business along Queen have formed a Business Improvement Association under the name of "Parkdale Village." The street has numerous art galleries, restaurants, cafes and convenience stores. The Parkdale branch of the Toronto Public Library is at Cowan Avenue.

King Street West, running east–west is a major street continuing to the east to Toronto's downtown, ending to the west at Sunnyside. From Roncesvalles east, it curves along the original shoreline, which is about  above and  inland from the shoreline. The south side in that area is open, with views of the Lake. It is predominantly residential, with a commercial section around the intersection with Dufferin Street.

Dufferin Street, running north–south is a major street starting from the CNE to the south, north to Queen Street, where it intersects the railway. The street continues one block to the north and continues north to north of Toronto. It is mixed commercial and residential. South of King along the east side is an old industrial area with loft-type industrial buildings.  Construction has been completed to eliminate the Dufferin Street jog at Queen and the railway tracks.  Dufferin Street now runs directly north to Wilson Avenue.

Lansdowne Avenue, running north–south from Queen Street north to St. Clair Avenue. It is predominantly a residential street. The former West Toronto Collegiate, now a francophone high school is at College Street and Lansdowne. The former National Cash Register factory at Dundas Street has been a grocery store since the 1980s.

Jameson Avenue, running north–south from Queen Street south to Lake Shore Boulevard. It is predominantly a residential street of apartment buildings. There are two schools on Jameson, Parkdale Collegiate, near Queen, and Queen Victoria Public, just south of King Street. It is also a busy thoroughfare on the west side of Toronto, connecting to the Gardiner Expressway and Lake Shore Boulevard.

Notable events
 1813 - April 27, 1813 - United States troops land on Parkdale shores to attack Fort York in the Battle of York
 1853 - Construction of Great Western Railway along waterfront
 1856 - Opening of Parkdale railway station at Queen and Dufferin Streets
 1879 - Incorporation of Village of Parkdale

 1879 - Opening of South Parkdale railway station at Jameson and Springhurst
 1879 - Founding of House for Incurables on Dunn Avenue
 1881 - Founding of Parkdale's first library at St. Mark's Church on Cowan Avenue
 1885 - North Parkdale Canadian Pacific and Grand Trunk train stations built at Queen and Dufferin
 1887 - Parkdale Municipal Building built at Queen and Cowan
 1888 - Founding of Parkdale Collegiate, Queen Victoria Public schools
 1889 - Annexation of Parkdale into City of Toronto
 July 29, 1892 - A Canadian Pacific Railway train stopped at Parkdale to set off pre-determined rail cars from its train as instructed. While performing this task, the locomotive and some of the Parkdale-bound cars were struck by the remaining portion of its train which had rolled away from its parked position.

 1898 - Opening of Masaryk Hall
 1902 - Construction of original Holy Family church and school
 1910 - Sunnyside railway station opens at Queen and Roncesvalles
 1910-1912 - 'Parkdale Grade Separation' project - lowering rail lines through Parkdale
 1911 - Demolition of South Parkdale railway station
 1912 - Founding of Canadian National Exhibition
 1916 - Brothers Frederick and Donald Ryan, proprietors of a roller-skating rink named 'Pavlowa' in today's Masaryk-Cowan Community Recreation Centre, invent the Honey Dew drink, eventually leading to a large chain of Canadian restaurants.
 1922 - Opening of Sunnyside Beach and Amusement Park
 1954 - September 9 - Marilyn Bell is first to swim Lake Ontario and comes ashore in Parkdale
 1955-1964 - Construction of Gardiner Expressway, 170 houses are demolished in Parkdale, demolition of Sunnyside Amusement Park
 1971 - Closure of Sunnyside railway station
 1984 - Pope John Paul II open-air mass at Exhibition Place.
 1998 - Opening of new Parkdale Community Health Centre at Queen and Gwynne
 1998 - Opening of Parkdale Arts and Cultural Centre at 1313 Queen Street
 2002 - (July–November) 'Pope Squat' affordable housing protest and occupation of vacant apartment building at 1510 King Street West during visit of Pope John Paul II to Toronto.
 2010 - Elimination of the 'Dufferin Jog' which routed Dufferin Street around the rail lines at Queen Street.

Notable residents
 Anderson Ruffin Abbott - first Black Canadian to become a physician. He lived on Dowling Avenue from 1890.
 Rob Burgess - a Canadian executive in the technology industry. CEO of Macromedia Inc. from 1996 to 2005 and chairman from 1997 to 2005. CEO of Alias Research from 1991 to 1995. Recipient of the Wayne C. Fox Distinguished Alumni Award in 2001 -  DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University and in 2017 he received an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from the same institution.
 Cheri DiNovo - Member of Provincial Parliament for Parkdale—High Park
 John Henry Dunn - Businessman, politician and Canada Receiver General.
Sam Dunn - Canadian musician and film director.
Bhutila Karpoche - Member of Provincial Parliament for Parkdale—High Park
 Muriel Kauffman - née Muriel Irene McBrien, founding owner of the Kansas City Royals baseball team, along with her husband Ewing Kauffman.
 Beatrice Lillie - World-famous entertainer and comedian
 Matty Matheson - chef, author, Youtuber and television host.
 Fred McBrien - Toronto City Alderman, Member of Provincial Parliament for Parkdale, Member of Parliament for Parkdale.
 Dylan Moscovitch - Canadian figure skater, Olympic medalist
 Walter O'Hara - Military officer, landowner.
 David Spence - Toronto City Alderman, Member of Parliament for Parkdale
 Abel Tesfaye a.k.a. "the Weeknd" - rented a home at 65 Spencer Avenue, nicknamed the "House of Balloons" and inspired his debut mixtape of the same name

In popular media
 Sam & Me - A film by Deepa Mehta was filmed and set in Parkdale

See also

List of neighbourhoods in Toronto
Parkdale—High Park electoral district
Epiphany and St. Mark, Parkdale Anglican church
Holy Family Roman Catholic Church

References and notes

 Census Data 2006, 2011 (Statistics Canada)

External links
Parkdale BIA The Parkdale Village Business Improvement Area

Neighbourhoods in Toronto
Business improvement districts in Canada
Former municipalities in Toronto

Parkdale, Toronto


A State of Origin competition is a type of sporting event between players representing their state or territory. State of Origin began in Australian rules football on 8 October 1977 between Western Australia (WA) and Victoria, at Subiaco Oval in Perth, the initial brainchild of Leon Larkin. The selection criteria for Australian football have varied, but they are generally applied to players who have played most of their juniors games in a particular state or territory, hence the name "State of Origin". In Rugby League the criteria are different, where players are selected for where they either first played senior Rugby League or where they played in the majority of senior competitions. The annual Rugby League State of Origin series is one of Australia's most popular sporting events. The name is also used in Australia for small sporting events which generally involve domestic representative teams.

It was devised to address the drift of most talented Australian rules players to the Victorian Football League (VFL) and the effect that this had on interstate matches. A similar situation existed in regard to the New South Wales Rugby League which attracted the best players from the Queensland Rugby League because of its far stronger and financially attractive competition. The latter was due to the increased funds of the New South Wales clubs, due to poker machines, which Queensland laws prohibited.

History
The first recorded call for 'state of origin' selection rules for interstate football was made in 1900. A journalist known as "The Cynic" writing for a rugby football periodical called The Referee, suggested that Stephen Spragg, who had moved to Queensland, should be able to play for his state of birth, New South Wales. The change did not eventuate, with residential selection rules prevailing both before and after the split into rugby league and rugby union until the concept was later resurrected for league. However, in rugby union the concept has never been used, as the Queensland and New South Wales teams ceased to be representative, instead becoming more like clubs.

Rugby league (Australia)

Traditionally, the basis for selecting players in representative international sides (i.e. their country of origin) did not extend to interstate sides in Australian rugby league. Instead players represented the state in which they played their club football as per the 'residency rule', in which they played for the club which represented the district they lived in. This gave a significant advantage to New South Wales, as the movement of players south was far greater than the movement north, especially beginning in the 1960s when the NSW state government allowed football clubs to install poker machine parlours at their social clubhouses. Flush with cash from their gambling interests, top Sydney clubs could easily pay lavish sums for Queensland talent that Brisbane clubs could not afford to match.

Former Queensland captain and Australian vice-captain Jack Reardon, who had later become a journalist, was the first to suggest that Sydney-based Queenslanders should be available for selection to represent their state. This would not eventuate until decades later, however, when New South Wales and Queensland played their first "state of origin" match on 8 July 1980. The Australian rules experience was echoed, with Queenslanders showing enormous interest in the game at Lang Park, Brisbane, although NSW-based players and journalists described it as "the non-event of the century". Queensland defeated New South Wales in that match, and State of Origin has grown into Australia's greatest sporting rivalry.

The popularity of State of Origin matches since then has not waned, and they remain one of Australia's (and indeed the region's) biggest sporting events. A record crowd of 91,513 attended a game at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in 2015. The record for the annual three-game series was set in 2015, when a total of 224,135 people attended. The 2005 series saw an attendance record for a series with two matches in Queensland, with 187,374. The record television audience was set during game 1 of the 2009 series and stands at 3.48 million. Queensland has won 18 series from 1982–2013, and NSW has won 13, with 2 drawn. Queensland has won the most series in a row. (8 Series from 2006–2013).

Australian international teams are often selected based on performance in the State of Origin series.

New South Wales play in sky blue jerseys and are known as "the Blues", a term dating from 1974 when a journalist used the name in an article. The Blues won that series, leading coach Jack Gibson to comment: "I thought they went pretty well for a bunch of cockroaches". The Queensland team plays in a maroon jersey, and are called "the Maroons". Both teams also have unbecoming nicknames – New South Wales: "the Cockroaches"; Queensland: "the Cane Toads".

Australian football

The first 'state of origin' game was an Australian Football game between Western Australia (WA) and Victoria, at Subiaco Oval in Perth on 8 October 1977. Leon Larkin, marketing manager of the Subiaco Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL), negotiated with the VFL for two years, before arrangements for the game were finalised. In the words of football historian John Devaney:

Games involving each of the other states soon followed. In 1989, a crowd of 91,960 people – a record for interstate games in Australian rules – attended a game between Victoria and South Australia at the MCG.

However, attendance and interest declined during the 1990s, due to a variety of factors, such as the VFL's ongoing conversion into a national club competition, the Australian Football League (AFL). The last official State of Origin game involving AFL players was held in 1999. However, a veterans' game was held annually from 1996 until 2019.

A one-off AFL Hall of Fame Tribute Match between Victorian and Dream Team, a team representing the rest of Australia, was staged on 10 May 2008 to celebrate 150 years of Australian Football; another one-off game, a State of Origin for Bushfire Relief Match, between Victoria and All-Stars, a team representing the rest of Australia, was staged to raise money for the victims of the 2019–20 Australian bushfire season.

Rugby league (England)

The success of the State of Origin series in Australian rugby league resulted in the revival of England's inter-county games in 2001, under the name Origin Series. However, the revival was scrapped in 2003 amid increasing fixture congestion and general apathy from league supporters.

The International Origin Match, held from 2011 to 2013, was more of an all-star game, as it pitted the England national team against Australian and New Zealand stars in the largely English-based Super League.

References

External links
 Australian Football League "State of Origin"
 fullpointsfooty.net West Coast – Part One: 1881 to 1985 (Background to Australian rules matches.)

State of Origin


Campionatul European de Minifotbal 2011 a fost cea de a doua ediție a Campionatelor Europene de Minifotbal și a fost găzduită de România în perioada 5-6 Noiembrie. La acest turneu au participat 7 echipe naționale, împărțite în două grupe: una de patru echipe și cealaltă de trei echipe, din fiecare grupă echipele clasate pe primele două locuri merg în fazele eliminatorie. În calitate de țară gazdă România reușește să cucerească al doilea trofeu consecutiv, după cel din 2010 turneu ce s-a desfășurat în Slocavia, câștigând finala în fața națonalei a Cehiei la penalti cu scorul de 5-4, după un 3-3 în timp regulamentar.

Faza Grupelor

Grupa A

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Grupa B

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Faza Eliminatorie

Clasament final

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Vezi și
Campionatul European de Minifotbal 2012

competiții fotbalistice

Campionatul European de Minifotbal 2011


Nedskydningen af politifolk i Dallas den 7. juli 2016 var en hændelse, hvor fem politifolk blev dræbt og ni andre personer, herunder to civile, blev såret, da den afro-amerikanske Micah Xavier Johnson åbnede ild mod dem. Johnson var krigsveteran fra krigen i Afghanistan, der var vred over, at politifolk havde skudt farvede afrikanere, og han havde udtryk ønske om at dræbe hvide mennesker, særlig hvide politifolk. Johnson åbnede ild mod politifolkene ved slutningen af demonstrationer i anledning af politiets nedskydning af en sort mand kort forinden i Baton Rouge og i Minnesota i forbindelse med anholdelser ugen forinden.

Efter af have åbnet ild mod politifolk og civile flygtede Johnson ind i en bygning på El Centro College. Politiet fulgte efter og der opstod ildkamp. Om morgenen den 8. juli sendte politiet en fjernstyret bombe ind mod Johnson, der dræbte ham. Det var første gang amerikansk politi anvendte en robot til at nedkæmpe en mistænkt.

Kort efter nedskydningen var det uklart, hvor mange, der havde deltaget i angrebet, men efterforskning viste, at Johnson var den eneste snigskytte.

Den amerikanske præsident Barack Obama tog afstand til angrebet, og kaldte angrebet et "vicious, calculated, despicable attack" og en "tremendous tragedy.".

Referencer

Se også
 Black Lives Matter

Eksterne henvisninger

Begivenheder i 2016
Massakrer i USA
Skyderier i USA

Nedskydningen af politifolk i Dallas (2016)


الأفعال الخمسة يسميها البعض الأمثلة الخمسة هي أفعال مضارعة اتصلت بألف المُثَنَّى أو بواو الجمع المذكر أو بياء المُؤَنَّثَةِ المُخَاطَبَةِ ، ويجب أن تكون على وزن واحدة من الكلمات الخمس الآتية:
(هما) يلعب + ان = يلعبان. (ألف المثنى، للغائب)
 (أنتما) تلعب + ان = تلعبان. (ألف المثنى، للمخاطب)
 (هم) يلعب + ون= يلعبون. (واو الجمع المذكر، للغائب)
( أنتم) تلعب + ون = تلعبون. (واو الجمع المذكر، للمخاطب)
(أنتِ مؤنث) تلعب + ين = تلعبين. (ياء المؤنثة المخاطبة)

التسمية
سُمِّيَت بالأفعال الخمسة لأنها تأتي على خمس صيغ كما ذكر في الأعلى.

الإعراب
إعراب الأفعال الخمسة كالآتي

الرفع
ترفع الأفعال الخمسة بثبوت النون ما لم يسبق الفعل المضارع الصحيح أداة ناصبة أو جازمة، ولم تتصل به نون التوكيد اتصالاً مباشراً مثل (يكتبان - تعملان - يقومون - تخدمون - تعرفين)، وإن كان الفعل المضارع معتلاً أو رفع بثبوت النون يعتبر من العلامات الفرعية.

النصب
تنصب الأفعال الخمسة بحذف النون - سواء كان الفعل المضارع صحيحا أو معتلاً - إذا سبق الفعل المضارع أداة ناصبة مثل (أن - لن - كي - حتى - لام التعليل - لام الجحود - فاء السببية - واو المعية)، مثل (الطالبان لن يذاكرا - اللاعبان لن يجريا).

الجزم
تجزم الأفعال الخمسة بحذف النون - سواء كان الفعل المضارع صحيحاً أو معتلاً - إذا سبق الفعل المضارع أداة من الأدوات الجازمة مثل:

(لا الناهية - لم النافية - لام الأمر - لما التي معناها النفي) أو وقع في حالةٍ من حالات الجزم، كأن يقع الفعل في (جواب الطلب - جواب الشرط بأداة جازمة)

( إن تذاكرون تنجحون = إن تذاكروا تنجحوا - من يستطيع فعل الخير يكون إنساناً = من يستطع فعل الخير يكن إنساناً ).

إسناد الأفعال إلى كلٍّ من ألف الاثنين، وواو الجماعة، وياء المخاطبة
في الآتي سنُسند كُلًّا من الأفعال الآتية إلى ألف الاثنين، وواو الجماعة، وياء المخاطبة مع بيان ما حدث من تغير.
 يشرح (صحيح الآخر)
 ينهى (معتل الآخر بالألف)
 يسمو (معتل الآخر بالواو)
 يمشي (معتل الآخر بالياء)

انظر أيضًأ
 المعرب والمبني

مراجع

نحو عربي

الأفعال الخمسة


මැද පෙරදිග පළාතේ ගංගාවකි. ලෙබනනයේ කන්දකින් ඇරඹී ගලීලයේ මුහුද නම් මිරිදිය විලට ගලා ගොස් ඉන්පසුව තවත් දකුණු දිශාවට ගලා ගොස් මළ මුහුදට එක් වේ.

යොර්දාන් ගංගාව


An Anarthria laevis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Robert Brown. An Anarthria laevis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Anarthria, ngan familia nga Anarthriaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Anarthria

Anarthria laevis


Onthophagus labdacus é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus da família Scarabaeidae da ordem Coleoptera.

História
Foi descrita cientificamente pela primeira vez no ano de 1969 por Balthasar.

Referências

Ligações externas

labdacus
Coleópteros descritos em 1969

Onthophagus labdacus


Yuan Wang (* 29. April 1930 in der Zhejiang-Provinz; † 14. Mai 2021 in Peking) war ein chinesischer Zahlentheoretiker.

Wang war der Sohn des Gouverneurs von Lanxi, der in den 1940er Jahren Sekretär der Academia Sinica war. Wang studierte von 1949 bis 1952 Mathematik an der Universität Zhejiang bei Jian Gong Chen und Bu Quing Su. Danach war er in der Zahlentheorie-Gruppe von Hua Luogeng am Institut für Mathematik der Chinesischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, wo er 1978 Professor wurde und 1984 bis 1987 Direktor des Mathematikinstituts war.

Er lieferte wichtige Beiträge in der Analytischen Zahlentheorie zum Umkreis der Goldbach-Vermutung unter Verwendung von Siebmethoden und der Hardy-Littlewood-Kreismethode, in Diophantischer Approximation und der Kombinatorik sowie in der mathematischen Statistik. Mit Hua Luogeng entwickelte er hochdimensionale Blockpläne für die numerische Integration auf dem Einheitskubus, was durch den Statistiker Kai-Tai Fang  auf Versuchspläne angewandt wurde und durch die Zusammenarbeit beider zur Entwicklung von gleichförmigen Versuchsplänen (uniform design) führte, die zum Beispiel in Computersimulationen angewandt wurden. Mit Fang schrieb er eine Monographie über zahlentheoretische Methoden in der Statistik.

1980 wurde er Mitglied der Chinesischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Er erhielt mit Pan Chengdong und Chen Jingrun den nationalen Wissenschaftspreis erster Klasse Chinas. 1988 bis 1992 war er Präsident der chinesischen mathematischen Gesellschaft, deren Hua-Preis er erhielt.

Literatur

Schriften
Diophantine equations and inequalities in algebraic number fields, Springer-Verlag 1991
Selected papers of Wang Yuan, Singapur: World Scientific 2005
mit Kai-Tai Fang: Number-theoretic methods in statistics, Chapman and Hall Monographs on Statistics and Applied Probability 51. CRC Press 1993

Einzelnachweise

Mathematiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Zahlentheoretiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Mitglied der Chinesischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Chinese
Geboren 1930
Gestorben 2021
Mann

Yuan Wang


Tai (Nigéria)
 Tai (Omã)
 Tai (elefante)
 Tai (futebolista)
 Tai (grupo étnico)

Desambiguação

Tai


An Lepanthes pectinata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Carlyle August Luer. An Lepanthes pectinata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Lepanthes, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Venezuela. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Lepanthes

Lepanthes pectinata


Alexis Lizal (également orthographié Lisal), dit Alex Lizal, né le  et mort le  à Dax, est un peintre français, dont les œuvres mettent en avant les Landes. Il fut notamment élève de Jean-Léon Gérôme et d'Albert Maignan.

Biographie
Alexis Lizal naît à Dax le 23 janvier 1878, de Roch Lisal, journalier, et de Marthe Dupouy.

Après l'obtention de son certificat d'études primaires le 8 août 1890, il entre à l'École Supérieure de Dax qu'il quitte en juillet 1891 pour devenir commis en nouveautés.

Entre 1895 et 1898 et grâce à une bourse de la ville reçue du maire Raphaël Milliès-Lacroix, Alexis Lizal poursuit sa formation à l'École des beaux-arts de Bordeaux, dirigée alors par Achille Zo. Le 2 décembre 1898, il fait son entrée à l'École nationale des beaux-arts de Paris.

En 1900, il entre chez Albert Maignan. Surnommé alors « Chocolat », il participe à la réalisation des décors de l'Exposition universelle de 1900 dont Maignan à la charge.

À Paris, le jeune Alex reste fidèle à sa ville natale, évoquant sa petite patrie dans les œuvres qui assureront son renom. Durant cette période où il séjourne dans la capitale (1900-1909), le maire de Dax Théodore Denis ne cessa, jusqu'à son décès en 1908, d'apporter son appui personnel au jeune artiste, intervenant notamment pour l'achat par la Caisse d'Épargne de Dax des tableaux emblématiques Dans la Grande Lande (1901) et Le Marché aux cruches à Dax (1903).

Ne bénéficiant ni d'un statut social spécifique, ni d'une reconnaissance de son vivant, séjournant le plus souvent à Dax, il s'enfonce à partir de 1908 peu à peu dans l'alcoolisme, s'octroyant « le rôle de fou de la Ville de Dax » et menant « une vie de bohème ».

Au cours des dernières années de sa vie, ses peintures se rapprochent davantage de la peinture expressionniste sans toutefois y adhérer pleinement, concédant une plus grande proximité avec les peintres de Die Brücke.

Anéanti par l'alcool et la tuberculose, il meurt le , à 37 ans, à Dax, sa ville de naissance.

Au cours de sa carrière, il fut notamment soutenu par Georges Bergès et eu pour élève Jean-Roger Sourgen.

En guise de reconnaissance de son œuvre, dans un article de Gérard Batbédat extrait de Nos Landes, ouvrage édité en 1927 par David Chabas, on peut lire :

En 2015, Jean-Roger Soubiran conclut ainsi son ouvrage sur Lizal :

Œuvre d'Alexis Lizal

Expositions
 1904 : Biarritz, Société des Amis des Arts de Bayonne-Biarritz
 1907 : Bordeaux, Société des Amis des Arts
 1911 : Paris, Salon des indépendants
 1973 : Dax, ancienne Chapelle Sévigné (21 novembre - 5 décembre), rétrospective organisée par Jean Vergès.
 2015 : Dax, musée de Borda

Œuvres principales
 Dans la Grande Lande, huile sur toile, , 1901.
 La Toussaint
 Le Marché aux cruches à Dax, huile sur toile, 1, 30 x 1, 60 m, 1903.
 L'Assemblade au Pays landais, huile sur toile, , 1904.
 L'Adour en automne, huile sur toile, , 1905.
 Lague à Mées (l'Irle), huile sur toile, , vers 1910.
 La Mayade, huile sur toile, , 1912.

Récompenses et hommages
Une rue de Dax porte son nom.

Le Bénézit mentionne que les peintures de Lizal sont reconnues au Salon des indépendants pour « la qualité de leur intégrité », bien que la reconnaissance publique ne soit qu'à titre posthume.

Du 7 juillet 2015 au 6 février 2016, le musée de Borda rend hommage à Alex Lizal pour le centenaire de sa disparition. Une monographie de Jean-Roger Soubiran, Alex Lizal, peintre singulier du Pays landais, accompagne l'exposition et reçoit le Prix Spécial de l'Académie nationale des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Bordeaux en 2015.

En 2022, trois de ses œuvres sont mises en vente par leur propriétaire, la Caisse d'Épargne Aquitaine Poitou-Charentes, dans le cadre de la rénovation de son agence de Dax. En raison de l'importance de ses peintures pour la représentation picturale de la région, plusieurs associations et spécialistes de l'art régional se mobilisent afin qu'elles demeurent exposées à un large public.

Au cours d'une vente aux enchères en janvier 2022, L'Assemblade au Pays landais, sa toile la plus célèbre, est adjugée  (vendue  en incluant les frais) à un particulier. Lors de cette même vente, sont également vendues Le Marché aux cruches à Dax (adjugée  et Dans la Grande Lande (), bien au-dessus de leurs estimations.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

 Madeleine Jogan, « À propos d'Alex Lizal, ses années à Paris », Bulletin de la Société de Borda, vol. 3, 2009, p. 280-284.

Liens externes

Peintre français du XXe siècle
Naissance en janvier 1878
Naissance à Dax au XIXe siècle
Décès en juillet 1915
Décès à Dax au XXe siècle
Décès à 37 ans

Alexis Lizal