As eleições estaduais no Amapá em 2022 foram realizadas no dia 2 de outubro. Os eleitores aptos a votar vão eleger um governador, vice-governador, um senador, 8 deputados federais e 24 estaduais. O atual governador em exercício é Waldez Góes, do Partido Democrático Trabalhista (PDT), governador reeleito em 2018. Pela Constituição, o governador será eleito para um mandato de quatro anos a se iniciar em 1.º de janeiro de 2023, e com a aprovação da Emenda Constitucional nº 111, terá seu término em 6 de janeiro de 2027. Para a eleição ao Senado Federal, está em disputa a vaga ocupada por Davi Alcolumbre, do UNIÃO, eleito em 2014.

Calendário eleitoral

Candidatos ao governo do Amapá

Desistências
 Randolfe Rodrigues (REDE) - Deputado estadual pelo Amapá (1999–2006) e senador pelo Amapá (2011 – em exercício). Renunciou a pré-candidatura ao governo do Amapá para integrar a coordenação da campanha presidencial de Lula.
 Piedade Vieira (PSB) - Professora, antropóloga, escritora e pedagoga. Ela anunciou pré-candidatura a deputada estadual.
 Lucas Abrahão (REDE) - Pastor e professor. Abriu mão da disputa para concorrer a deputado federal.

Candidatos ao Senado Federal

Debates

Pesquisas

Para governador

Para senador

Assembleia Legislativa
O resultado das últimas eleições estaduais e a situação atual da bancada da Assembleia Legislativa do Amapá está abaixo:

Resultados

Governador
O candidato Jairo Palheta (PCO) não teve seus votos calculados devido a problemas em sua candidatura junto ao TSE.

Senador

Deputados federais eleitos
O Amapá ocupou 8 das 513 cadeiras de deputado federal na Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil. Com a reforma política ocorrida em 2017, não houve coligações proporcionais, ou seja, os candidatos representaram unicamente suas siglas e elas elegeram suas bancadas individualmente.

Deputados estaduais eleitos
O Amapá teve 364 candidatos aptos para concorrer as 24 cadeiras de deputado estadual na Assembleia Legislativa do Amapá. Da mesma forma que nas eleições para deputados federais, não houve coligações proporcionais.

Resultados por partido

Ver também
 Eleições gerais no Brasil em 2022

Eleições estaduais no Amapá
Amapá
2022 no Amapá

Eleições estaduais no Amapá em 2022


Hacı Halil Paşa (ö. 1733, Girit), III. Ahmed saltanatında, 5 Ağustos 1716 - 26 Ağustos 1717 tarihleri arasında sadrazamlık yapmış Osmanlı devlet adamı.

Hayatı
Arnavut asıllı olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ağabeyi Sinan Ağa bostancıbaşı iken bostancı ocağına kaydoldu. Fakat 1694'te ağabeyi ölünce bostancı ocağından ayrıldı ve Șatırlar kethudalığı ile Bağdad valisi Kalaylıkoz Ahmet Paşa'ya yanına girdi. Sonra tekrar bostancı ocağına dönerek  bostancıbaşı oldu. Halil Ağa bu görevi 4.5 yıl ifa etti. Silahdar Damat Ali Paşa sadrazam olduğu zaman Avusturya ile savaş olasılığı arttığı için kendisine vezirlik ve Erzurum Eyaleti valiliği rütbeleri verildi ama doğuya gönderilmedi; acele olarak Niş kalesinin tamirini sağlaması için Niş tarafına gönderildi. Sonra da Belgrad muhafızlığına tayin olundu.

Silahdar Damat Ali Paşa'nın 5 Agustos 1716'da Petrovaradin Muharebesi'nde yenik düşüp şehit olmasında yenik ordunun kalan kısmı Hacı Halil Paşa'nın muhafızı olduğu Belgrad'a geri çekildi. Burada ordu erkanı orduya komuta edecek yeni bir geçici serdar-ı ekrem seçmeleri gerekti ve Hacı Halil Paşa ittifakla bu göreve seçildi. İstanbul'da sadaret kaymakamlığı yapan Nevşehirli İbrahim Paşa'nın tavsiyelerine uyan III. Ahmet ordunun seçtiği serdar-ı ekremi Ağustos 1716 ayında tasdik etti ve ayrıca mühr-ü humayunu da Hacı Halil Paşa'ya gönderip ona sadrazamlık görevini verdi.

O yıl Osmanlılar Banat yaylasını kaybettiler ve Avusturya ordusu Temeşvar kalesini 21 Ekim 1716'de ele geçirdi. Ordu ve sadrazam ise kış geçirmek üzere Edirne'ye döndü. Diğer taraftan yenilgi Edirne ve İstanbul'a kadar Balkanlardaki müslüman ve Türk halkı arasında panik çıkardı.

Haziran 1717'de yeni sadrazam ve serdar-ı ekrem yeniden Avusturya'ya sefere çıktı. Avusturyalılar tarafından Haziran ortasından itibaren kuşatma altında bulundurulan Belgrad'ı kurtarmak için ordu o şehre yöneldi. Fakat  Ağustos 1717'de Hacı Halil Paşa'nın komutasının yetersizliği ve beceriksizliği dolayısıyla Osmanlı ordusu Belgrad önünde yapılan muharebede tekrar Savoy Prensi Eugen tarafından komuta edilen Avusturya ordusunun sis altında yaptığı beklenmedik bir taarruza karşı koyamadı ve yenilgiye uğradı. 23 Ağustos'ta Belgrad kalesi düştü. Balkanların Belgrad'dan ta Niş'e kadar müslüman Türk halkı yarı aç yarı çıplak yollara düşüp Edirne ve İstanbul'a göçmeye başladı. Padişah III. Ahmet'in Sofya'ya gitmesine rağmen bu panik önlenemedi.

Ordunun erkanı ise kendi aralarında çatışmalara başladılar. Mağlubiyetin sorumlusu Hacı Halil Paşa olarak görüldü ve yapılan harp divanlarında o erkanını kontrol edemedi. Ordu komutanları kendisine hakaret ederek yakışıksız hareketlerde bulundular. Bunun üzerine Hacı Halil Paşa'nın sadrazamlık ve serdarlık yapma imkânı kalmadı. 26 Ağustos 1717'de sadrazamlıktan azledildi ve yerine Tevkii Nişancı Mehmed Paşa'ya sadrâzam ve serdar-ı ekrem görevleri verildi.

Hacı Halil Paşa azledildikten sonra tüm malları müsadere edildi; ama Selanik sancağı arpalık verilerek Selanik yakınında olan Sultaniye kalesinde kalebent olarak ikamet etmesi emrolundu. Fakat çok geçmeden İstanbul'da idam edilmesi için bir ferman çıkartıldı ve sabık çavuşbaşı İsmail Ağa bu idamı infaz etmek için Selanik'e gönderildi. Selanik'e varan İsmail Ağa önce bölgenin ileri gelen idarecileri ile görüşmekteyken bunun haberini alan Hacı Halil Paşa kıyafet değiştirerek ve vaktin gençliğinden istifade edip kaleden ayrılarak  İstanbul'a kaçtı. Burada  bostancı hasekilerinden "Kirli Kasımoğlu Abdi Haseki"'nin evinde saklanmaya başladı. Fakat evin bostancı hizmetkarlarından biri onun saklanma yerini ihbar ettiği için Haziran 1720'de Sadrazam tarafından yakalatıldı. Fakat bazı devlet ileri gelenleri araya girerek onu idam edilmekten kurtardılar. Böylece bu sefer Hacı Halil Paşa Midilli adasına sürgüne gönderildi.

Haci Halil Paşa o yıl affedilip 17 Ağustos 1720'de Ömer Paşa'nın yerine Seddülbahir muhafızlığı görevine geçirildi. Hacı Halil Paşa kendini saklayan Abdi Haseki'yi kendine kethüda yapmasıyla can borcunu ödedi. Fakat görevi sırasında halka zulüm yaptığı hakkında şikayetler İstanbul'a yetişti. Bunun üzerine 22 Kasım 1720'de Hacı Halil Paşa muhafızlık görevinden atıldı; vezirlik rütbesi geri alındı ve kendisi de ya tekrar Midilli'ye veya Limni adasında sürgüne gönderildi. Bu sürgünde 7 yıl kaldı.

22 Aralık 1727'de affedilip Karlıeli sancağı ile birlikte Eğriboz muhafızlığına tayin edildi. Sonra sırasıyla Ocak 1728'de Girit'te Kandiye muhafızlığı; Ağustos 1728'de Hanya muhafızlığı ve Haziran 1733'te Girit valiliği görevleri verildi.

1733'te Girit Valisi iken öldü. Ölümünde yaşının seksen civarında olduğu belirtilmiştir.

Değerlendirme
Şahsiyet olarak ağır başlı, güler yüzlü ve derviş mezhepli olarak övülmektedir.

Fakat devlet idaresi için çok güçsüz olduğu belirtilmektedir. Sedareti ve serdar-ı ekremliği döneminde yeni personel alımı ve azilleri reis-ül kittap Süleyman Efendi elinde olup bu kişinin bu görevleri yapmak için epey yüksek hediye ve diğer gelir topladığı bilinmektedir. Hacı Halil Paşa azledilip sürgüne gönderilmesi üzerine Süleyman Efendi, bu yolsuzlukları dolayısıyla idam edilmek üzereyken servetinden büyük meblağları devlete harb imdadiyesi olarak ödeyerek hayatını kurtarmıştır.

Komutanlıkta, askerlikte ve ordunun sevk ve idaresinden aciz olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Petrovaradın bozgunu sonunda bozulmuş orduyu bir süre Belgrad'da durdurabilmesi ve ordu erkanın ittifakiyle geçici olarak serdar seçilmesiyle beraber, ertesi yılki seferde Belgrad önünde Avusturyalılara yenilip Belgrad'ı kaybedip Niş'e kadar çekilmesi ve yapılan ordu harp divanında erkanın hakaretlerine maruz kalması bu acizliğine göstergelerdir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Danişmend, İsmail Hâmi, (1961) Osmanlı Devlet Erkâni, İstanbul:Türkiye Yayınevi.
 Buz, Ayhan, (2009) Osmanlı Sadrazamları, İstanbul: Neden Kitap, ISBN978-975-254-278-5
 Cassels, Lavender, (1966) The strugle for the Ottoman Empire 1717-1740, Londra:Murray.

1733 yılında ölenler
Doğum tarihi bilinmeyenler

Hacı Halil Paşa


The Fiat Uno is a supermini manufactured and marketed by Fiat. Launched in 1983, the Uno was produced over a single generation (with an intermediate facelift, 1989) in three and five-door hatchback body styles until 1995 in Europe — and until 1 January 2014, in Brazil. Designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro of Italdesign, the Uno strongly recalled the high-roof, up-right packaging of Giugiaro's 1978 Lancia Megagamma concept, in a smaller configuration.

With over 8,800,000 built, it is the eighth most produced automobile platform in history, after the Volkswagen Beetle, Ford Model T, Fiat 124, 1965–1970 GM B platform, 1981–1997 GM J platform, 1961–1964 GM B platform, and 1977–1990 GM B platform.

The Uno name was reintroduced in 2010 in South America for the Fiat Mini (Economy) platform based car built in Brazil.

First generation (1983)

The Fiat Uno (Type 146) was launched in January 1983 to replace the Fiat 127. The tall, square body used a Kamm tail, achieved a drag coefficient of 0.34 and was noted for its interior space, fuel economy as well as its ride and handling. The project name was Tipo Uno ("Type 1"), as it followed the Tipo Zero (Panda).

Launched a month before the Peugeot 205, a noted competitor, the Uno went on sale just after General Motors launched its new Opel Corsa supermini (marketed as the Vauxhall Nova in the UK), quickly gaining competition from the Ford Fiesta and Nissan Micra.

United Kingdom sales began in June 1983, with more than 20,000 sold in its first full year and peaking at more than 40,000 sales in 1988.

In December 1983, the Uno was European Car of the Year for 1984, finishing narrowly ahead of the Peugeot 205.

Initially, the Uno was offered with the 0.9 litre (903 cc) 100-series OHV, 1.1 litre (1116 cc) and 1.3 litre (1301 cc) 128-series SOHC petrol engines and transmissions carried over from the 127. Typical for Fiats of the era, the Uno's badging did not reflect engine size but indicated metric horsepower output: 45, 55, 60, 70, or 75. The Uno was available as either a three- or five-door hatchback. It also featured ergonomic switchgear clusters each side of the main instrument binnacle, user-operable with hands on the steering wheel, with only a single steering column stalk to control the turn signals and horn - thus dispensing from Fiat's traditional three-stalk system that had been employed on its cars since the late 1960s.

The Uno had MacPherson strut independent front suspension and twist-beam rear suspension with telescopic dampers and coil springs.

From 1985, the 1.0 litre (999 cc) SOHC Fully Integrated Robotised Engine (FIRE) powerplant was offered, replacing the 0.9 litre unit. This was a lighter engine, built with fewer parts, and gave improved performance and economy. The most luxurious version, the single-point injected 75 SX i.e., had remote door locks, integrated front foglamps, and the oval exhaust tip also used on the Turbo.

Turbo i.e.

In April 1985 the hot hatch version of the first series Uno – the Uno Turbo i.e. – was launched as a three-door only derivative. The Turbo i.e. model used a Ritmo/Strada-derived 1.3 128-series engine with Bosch multi-point fuel injection, Magneti Marelli electronic ignition and a water-cooled IHI turbocharger with an intercooler to reduce intake air temperatures. Engine capacity was initially stated as 1299 cc but this was revised early on in production to 1301 cc. This change was a result of Italy's highway system allowing a higher speed limit to cars of more than 1300 cc. In both forms the engine offered  but owners report that the 1301 cc version was notably more responsive and had greater torque than the earlier 1299 cc unit. Cars built from 1985 to late 1987 were fitted with a Ritmo/Strada-derived five-speed gearbox.  This was then replaced by a newly developed 'C510' five-speed gearbox, featuring a more durable differential and improved gearchange linkage. Ratios were unchanged between the two units. The Turbo reached .

Externally, the Turbo i.e. model featured black plastic sill trims, arch extensions, fibreglass tailgate with spoiler, tinted side glass, side decals, revised front bumper with foglamps and inlets/scoops to direct air to the oil cooler and intercooler.  Suspension was lowered and uprated, 13" alloy wheels with Pirelli P6 tyres were fitted and the brakes upgraded to vented discs on the front and solid discs on the rear.

The Turbo i.e. featured 'sports' seats, red carpet and an extended centre-console. Later models featured red seatbelts.

Options on the Turbo i.e. model included polished Cromodora wheels, electric windows, manual sunroof and digital instrument panel, the latter with bar-graphs for fuel level, coolant temperature, boost pressure, etc., and a digital speed display, switchable between km/h and mph.

An option on later first series Turbo i.e. models included a simple form of ABS that only operated on the front wheels.  The system operated once per ignition cycle, requiring an ignition-initiated reset, had the system been triggered.

Diesel and Selecta models
In mid-1983 the 1.3-litre diesel which had already been seen in the Fiorino and the 147 was installed in the Uno as well, originally only for the Italian market. The Brazilian-built engine was derived from 124-series engines, and was never sold in the United Kingdom. It was added to other European markets beginning in early 1984. Daily production in mid-1983 was 280 cars, out of a daily total of 2000. It was sold as the Uno D (three doors) or the Uno DS ("Super", five doors). This badging was the only external giveaway, while in the interior an oil pressure gauge was added. It also received extra sound insulation under the hood and along the firewall. The engine has , as did the smallest 903 cc petrol unit, but with considerably higher torque. The weight penalty was negligible,  rather than  for the 903. Additional accessories and sound deadening measures accounted for the remainder of the  weight difference, almost all of it over the front wheels.

In 1986, a 1.7 litre diesel engined 60DS version was launched together with the Uno Selecta continuously variable transmission (CVT) automatic. The 1.7L naturally aspirated diesel was the only diesel Uno sold in the UK. The CVT transmission was a co-development with Dutch Van Doorne and Ford, (Fiat owned 24% stake of Van Doorne at that time). There was also a 1.4-liter turbodiesel (Uno Turbo D), which offered . This model was very quick for a small diesel at the time, and had better acceleration than the petrol-engined Uno 70, while fuel consumption was about a third lower. Noise levels were actually marginally lower than those of the 70 SX. The suspension was firmer to accommodate the heavier engine, while an oil temperature gauge was standard fitment.

Uno CS
The Uno was also produced in Brazil, called Uno CS, and imported in some European countries. But it was a totally different car: it was riding on a Fiat 147-derived platform, with four-wheel MacPherson suspension (with transverse leaf spring at the rear). Visual differences from the European Uno were the fuel cap, placed on the left, and the bonnet, of a clamshell design and hinged at the front. It had also had its own engines, part of the "Brazil" engine series.

Yugo Uno 45R
From 1988 to 1994, first series Uno was assembled in Kragujevac, Yugoslavia by Zastava. It was fitted with a 903 cc  engine also used in the Yugo 45. Only the three-door version was available. Due to a higher price than the Yugo, the Uno 45R was discontinued in 1994, after 2,620 examples had been produced.

Facelift
First shown at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1989, the Uno received a facelift with revised front styling and revised tailgate, the latter improving the drag coefficient to Cd 0.30,. The interior was revised with a new dashboard which dispensed with the pod-style switchgear in favour of conventional stalks on the steering column. The 1.1 litre engine was replaced by a FIRE version, and a Fiat Tipo-derived 1.4 litre (1,372 cc) engine replaced the 128/Ritmo/Strada-derived 1.3 litre in both naturally aspirated and turbo versions. A 1.4 litre Uno Turbo could reach a claimed , while the 1.0 version only managed  depending on which transmission was fitted. The Uno Turbo i.e. variant was also restyled, upgraded with a Garret T2 turbine, Bosch LH Jetronic fuel injection and better aerodynamics.

Uno production ended in Italy in 1995 with 6,032,911 manufactured in Fiat's Italian factories. From 1994 to 2002, Uno was manufactured in Poland for Fiat Auto Poland. Polish-made Unos were marketed in Italy until 1997 as the Innocenti Mille Clip.  Polish production initially took place in Bielsko-Biała, and from 2000 to 2002 in Tychy. Engines available were three petrol units (all naturally aspirated and fuel injected) – 0.9 litre from Seicento (years 1999–2002 only), 1.0 fire, 1.4 and one naturally aspirated diesel unit of 1.7 litres.

Engines (first and second series)

Petrol

Diesel

Continuing global production (1995–2014)

After Western European production and sales ceased, the Uno continued to be manufactured and sold in many other regions.

Argentina
In Argentina, the 3-door Fiat Uno was produced by Sevel Argentina from March 1989 to 2000, 179,767 units were built. The Uno's Fiasa engines ranged from the 1,049 cc  petrol four to a 1.3 and 1.5 litre version, with a 1.3-litre  diesel engine also available. The 1.6-litre Lampredi SOHC  SCV/SCR version sat at the top of the range. A 1.7 liter diesel with  was added in 1992 and soon displaced the 1.3 option.

A saloon version with four doors was also produced from 1988 to 2001. Called Duna or Elba (station wagon), 257,259 units of this version were built in Fiat's Córdoba plant.

Brazil
The car was made in Brazil until January 2014 in three versions: Mille Economy, Uno Furgão (panel van) and Fiorino Furgão . A total of 3.6 million Unos and Milles were built in Brazil during its 30-year production run. During the 1990s it was imported in Italy as "Innocenti Mille".

In the second half of the 1980s and the first half of the 1990s, the Uno was also available as a saloon, a pick-up, and in a wagon version. These are called Prêmio, Fiorino Pick-Up, and Elba respectively.

The Brazilian Uno featured an independent, transverse leaf spring suspension at the rear, based on the tried and tested Brazilian Fiat 147 (similar to the
Italian Fiat 127). The clamshell design of the bonnet was also unique, since the Brazilian Uno kept the spare tyre located in the engine bay, like the old Fiat 147, thus saving extra space for the luggage in the boot. Originally sold with 1.05, 1.3 or 1.5 litre petrol engines (also in versions made to run on ethanol), and a 1.6 litre was added to the lineup in 1989. The now redundant 1.5 was cancelled, but another 1.5 was introduced in 1991, this one derived from the 1.3.

The Brazilian Fiat Uno family was topped by a sporting turbocharged 1.4-litre inline-four version (118 HP), the Uno Turbo i.e. This model was available between 1994 and 1996 and was part of the regularly available lineup; 1801 units were produced.

From 1990 to 2014, a 1.0 litre version was sold as the Fiat Mille, as a budget entry-level model, and received its most recent facelift for the 2004 model year. A Fire engine was used since 2001. The 2005 Brazilian range has received a Flex Fuel system, enabling the car to use ethanol or gasoline as fuel, both pure or in any proportion mixture; also, there is a version fitted for unpaved roads called Mille Way, which includes higher and a more resilient suspension, larger wheels and side cladding.
44
Despite the launch of the new Brazilian-built Uno in 2010, production of the Mille Economy and Mille Way continued until January 2014
3, only with a 1.0 litre engine. The Uno Furgão van was a light commercial version of the three-door Uno hatchback with blinded rear windows and no rear seat. It and the Fiorino Furgão were available with a 1.25 litre Fire engine.

Engines
Petrol

India
After an abortive launch in 1996 when its CKD joint partner PAL delivered only 617 cars of the 30,000 ordered,
Fiat started its venture as a 50-50 Industrial Joint Venture between Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. (Fiat) and Tata Motors Limited in January 1997. At present the company employs about 600 employees in its Ranjangaon facility in the Pune District of Maharashtra.  The Uno was initially a success in India, but then it faded badly due to poor dealer support.

Morocco
The Fiat Uno was also assembled in Morocco until 2003 by SOMACA (Société Marocaine des Constructions Automobiles), and remains a popular choice of car for "petit-taxi" use.

Turkey
The Uno was first assembled in Turkey in 1994 and the production ran until 2000. Only the five-door bodystyle was assembled in Turkey. The engine options were 1.4, and 1.4 i.e. The fully equipped version was named Uno Hobby; it offered power steering and AC. It also differed from regular Unos in being available only in one colour option, sky blue with silver bumpers.

South Africa
In South Africa, the Uno was assembled under licence by Nissan from 1990 until 1998 and then by Fiat from 1998 up until 2006. Unos manufactured by Nissan had the word "licence" underneath the Fiat badge on the rear end and models included the 1,108 cc FIRE,1,372 cc PACER, PACER SX and 1,372 cc TURBO. Later on there were also a number of special editions produced which included the Beat (1,372 cc), the Rio (1,108 cc) and for a short period the Cento (999 cc). After Fiat re-entered the South African market in 1998 Unos were rebadged as either the (1,108 cc) Mia or (1,372 cc) Tempo. They also featured the Fiat centenary badge from that point on. By the time initial production of the Uno ended in 2006 only the (1,108 cc) Mia was available for sale. 110,000 units were produced between 1990 and 2002.

In 2007, the Fiat Uno was redesigned and it re-entered the South African new car market. The car was now marketed and distributed by Fiat themselves. The model line-up includes the Uno Way, which has a higher suspension than the regular Uno and colour-coded bumpers. It is based on the 1983–1990 design, and is powered by a 1.2 litre 4-cylinder petrol engine.

Philippines
Local manufacturer Francisco Motors, primarily known as a manufacturer of the Jeepney, partnered with Fiat to create a joint venture called Italcar Pilipinas Inc. in 1990. They assembled the Fiat Uno from 1992–2000 under the People's Car Program, which was an incentive by the government of President Corazon Aquino to stimulate car production in the Philippines. The joint venture hoped to compete with the Toyota Corolla and Nissan Sentra with the Uno in the taxicab market, which accounted for many sales. The Uno was not popular and production decreased yearly until the venture was terminated in 2000.

Poland
Production in Fiat's factory in Poland ran until 2002. 173,382 units were built from June 1995 to October 2002. It was imported in Italy as Innocenti Mille Clip.

Pakistan
The Fiat Uno is also assembled from complete knock down (CKD) kits in Pakistan by Raja Motor Company. Production started in 2001 and continued until 2004 when the manufacturing plant had to be closed down. Only the diesel variant of the car was made available under the 1.7D model. Although large scale manufacturing of the car has ceased, stocks of CKD are still being assembled and sold at present.

Sales performance

United Kingdom
Around 300,000 examples of the Uno were sold in Britain between 1983 and 1995, with the MK1 proving more popular than the MK2. It was one of the most popular imported cars in Britain during the 1980s, peaking at more than 40,000 sales in 1988. However, by March 2019 there were just 232 examples of either generation still in use.

Second generation (2010)

The Fiat Uno name was resurrected for project Type 327, the Brazilian-built "Novo Uno" (New Uno). The new Uno is engineered at Brazil and co-designed with Turin's Centro Stile Fiat, and is basically a more urban interpretation of the Fiat Panda style on a Fiat Palio. It is larger and roomier than the first, but smaller and cheaper than the second platform. The car has two options of engines: the 1.0 Fire Evo (74 hp) and the 1.4 Fire Evo (87 hp), both able to use ethanol, gasoline or a mix of both fuels.

It is being sold in Brazil and several other South American countries as well, but it has yet to be confirmed whether this Uno will be sold in Europe.

In December 2013, Fiat launched the new Uno-based Fiorino panel van (project Type 327), successor of the old Fiorino.

In September 2014, Fiat unveiled a facelift for the Uno and introduced the Start&Stop system in the 1.4 Fire engine.

In 2016, Fiat launched another facelift for the Uno and introduced the Firefly engine, Available as a 1.0 or an 1.3 engine.

In 2018, Fiat removed the Way and Sporting trims and their versions with the GSR semi-automatic transmission, and added a new "Drive" version to be the new base model and only kept that and the "Attractive" version only with the 1.0 Firefly engine and in mid-2018 the Way version was brought back in with both 1.0 and 1.3 engines

In 2021 the model was no longer offered with the Firefly engine, it returned to the old 1.0 73/75 PS Fire Evo, only in the Attractive version. The Way, Sporting and Drive versions were discontinued. The model production ended at the end of this year with the Fiat Uno Ciao limited edition (250 units).

Safety
A Brazilian Fiat Uno was tested by Latin NCAP in 2011 and has been rated as highly unsafe, scoring only one star for adult occupants and two stars for children. Another test made in 2013 rated zero stars.

Fiat Uno Cabrio (Concept)

At the São Paulo International Motor Show in October 2010 the Uno Cabrio concept car was presented; the prototype has two seats and a body kit. The engine is the 1.4 Fire T-Jet 16V that produced 152 HP.

Notes

References

External links

Uno
Italdesign vehicles
Subcompact cars
Hatchbacks
Vehicles with CVT transmission
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
1980s cars
1990s cars
2000s cars
2010s cars
Cars introduced in 1983
Cars of Turkey
Rally cars
Cars of India
Cars of Brazil
Cars of Argentina
Latin NCAP superminis
Cars discontinued in 2021

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Håndværk og Design er en faglig forening for folkeskolelærere, der underviser i skolefaget håndværk og design, der fra 2015/16 har afløst de tidligere skolefag sløjd og håndarbejde. Den nye forenings formand kom fra Danmarks Håndarbejdslærerforening, og næstformanden, Wisti Pedersen, var tidligere formand for Danmarks Sløjdlærerforening.

Foreningens medlemsblad er Håndværk & Design, der første gang udkom i september 2015.

Foreningens formænd
 2016-2019 Hanni G. Eskildsen
 2019-  Irene Egeskov Andersen

Eksterne link
 Foreningens hjemmeside

Etableret i 2016
Sløjd
Håndarbejde
Håndværk
Materiel kultur
Materiel design
Pædagogik
Skolefag
Folkeskolefag
Kulturteknik

Håndværk og Design (forening)


Albert Ólav Ellefsen (født 22. september 1959 i Miðvágur) er en færøsk forretningsmand og lokalpolitiker (FF).

Han er uddannet fra Føroya Handilsskúli, akademi merkonom i International handel og markedsføring, og arbejdede i fiskesalgssamvirket Føroya Fiskasøla 1981–88 og en periode i 1987 i Føroya Banki. Regnskabsfører og driftleder i Snarfrost og Føroya Fiskavirking 1989 - 2003, salgsleder i Sandoy Seafood i 2004 og direktør i Faroe Finance 2004 - 2008. Ellefsen har vært regnskabschef i Fiskirannsóknarstovan 2008Han var økonomiansvarlig hos vinduesproducenten Føroya Gluggi 1988–89, 2016 - 2018,

Ellefsen har været aktiv indenfor idrætslivet på flere områder fodbold, håndbold, badminton og skak. Han startede som ungdomstræner i klubben Miðvágs Bóltfelag 1987 - 1997. Var også spiller for MB i perioden 1976 - 1993. Han har været færøsk mester i fodbold to gange 1998 og 2006 med Havnar Bóltfelag som hjælpetræner 1998 - 1999, 2005 - 2007 og 2016. Han var også cheftræner for holdet, juli 2007 og resten av sæsonen. Han var den første formand for den lokale idrætsklub FS Vágar efter stiftelsen i 1993. Han har også i perioder 1995 - 2003 været cheftræner og hjælpetræner for FS Vágar. Har også i flere perioder været træner for ÍF Fugjafjørð 2008, 2013 - 2014, og 2017. I 2013 vandt ÍF Fuglafjørður sølv for anden år i træk. Ellefsen blev kåret som årest træner i 2013. Han har også i flere omgange været træner for diverse ungdoms landshold.

Ellefsen har været medlem af kommunalbestyrelsen i Vágar siden 2009, og var borgmester 2009–12. 2016 - 2020 er han udvalgsformand for kultur og fritid.

Albert Ellefsen er sønnesøn af Fólkaflokkurin-politikeren Sámal Ellefsen og beslægtet med brødrene Pauli Ellefsen og Svend Aage Ellefsen.

Erhvervsfolk fra Færøerne
Politikere fra Fólkaflokkurin
Borgmestre fra Færøerne
Fodboldtrænere fra Danmark
Personer fra Vågø

Albert Ellefsen


محمد جابر محمد عبد الله المعروف باسم نور الشريف (28 أبريل 1946 – 11 أغسطس 2015)، هو ممثل، ومنتج، ومخرج مصري يُعتبر واحدًا من أبرز المُمثلين في تاريخ السينما المصرية الحديثة، وأهم من جسد الشخصيَّة المصريَّة بِكُل أشكالها الاجتماعيَّة على شاشة السينما. قدَّم خلال مشواره الفني الطويل العديد من الأعمال الهامة في تاريخ السينما، والتلفزيون، والمسرح، وحصل على العديد من الجوائز حتَّى لقِّب بـ«صائد الجوائز». كما لهُ سبعة أفلام في قائمة أفضل مئة فيلم مصري حسب استفتاء شارك فيه العديد من النُقاد المصريين سنة 1996.

وُلد في حي السيِّدة زينب بِمدينة القاهرة، وتُوفي والده بعد مولده بأقل من سنة واحدة، وتزوجت والدته وسافرت مع زوجها إلى السعودية، وتولَّى أعْمامِه تَرْبِيته هو وشَقِيقتُه الوحيدة «عواطف». التحق بالمعهد العالي للفنون المسرحية، وتخرج منه سنة 1967 بتقدير امتياز، وكان ترتيبه الأوَّل على دفعته. تزوج من الفنانة بوسي سنة 1972، وانفصلا سنة 2006، ثم عادا مرة أخرى سنة 2015 أثناء مرضه، ولهُ ابنتان هما سارة، ومي. تُوفي نور الشريف في يوم الثلاثاء الموافق 11 أغسطس 2015، بعد صراع طويل مع مرض سرطان الرئة، عن عُمر يناهز 69 سنة.

نشأته

مولده
وُلد نور الشريف بمنطقة لحي السيِّدة زينب، أحد الأحياء الشعبية القديمة لمدينة القاهرة، في يوم 28 أبريل (نيسان) 1946، المُوافق 26 جُمادى الأولى 1365هـ. أسماه والده «محمد» في الأوراق الرسميَّة، وأطلق عليه جده لوالده اسم «نور» كاسم دلع، وكان هذا شائعًا في الأحياء الشعبيَّة، أن يكون للطفل اسمان، أحدهما للدلع، والآخر للأوراق الرسميَّة. تُوفِّي والده في سنٍّ صغيرٍ السادسة والعشرين، بعد أقل من سنة واحد من ولادته، وبعد الوفاة، غادرت والدته منزل والده، وذهبت إلى منزل أهلها برغبتها، وتركت نور وشقيقته والوحيدة «عواطف»، وبعد عدة سنوات، تزوَّجت وسافرت مع زوجها الجديد إلى السعوديَّة.

طفولته
عاش نور وشقيقته في منزل العائلة بحارة الصايغ، مع عمَّا «إسماعيل» و«أمين» وعمته وأولادهم، الذين تولُّوا رعايتهم بعد وفاة الأب وغياب الأم. كان نور يعتقد أن عمَّه إسماعيل هو والده، وأن نور هو اسمه الحقيقي، حتَّى سن السادسة بأوَّل يوم له في المدرسة الابتدائيَّة، وفي الفصل، عرف من المعلِّم وهو ينادي على أسمه التلاميذ، أن اسمه الحقيقي هو محمد، وأن عمه إسماعيل ليس والده، فشعر بصدمة كبيرة زلزلة كيانه، وجلس في ذهول وحيرة حتَّى انتهى اليوم الدراسي، وعاد إلى المنزل وانكبَّ على عمتَّه بعددٍ كبيرٍ من الأسئلة عن حقيقته، فأخذته بين أحضانها وأخبرته بالحقيقة. وقام بتغيير اسمه فيما بعد، للاسم الذي اختارته لهُ شقيقته هو «نور الشريف»، بسبب حبها للفنان عمر الشريف. معرفة نور للحقيقة جعلته يشعر بالغربة والوحدة، وأنَّه ليس من حقِّه أن يطلب شيء، بل ينتظر الهبات التي تمنح له في صمت، ولذلك لم يعد يحب الأعياد والمناسبات، ويفضِّل أن يقضيها في البيت، وبرغم من محاولة عمَّه وعمَّته أن يخرجوه من تلك الحالة النفسيَّة، ولكنَّها كانت متغلغلة في أعماقه، وإدراكه بأنَّ حنان الأم والأب لا يعوَّض. أمضى نور طُفولته المليئة بالحُزن في الحارة، وتحديدًا في لعب كرة القدم، فوجد فيها السكينة من آلام اليُتم والحرمان، وكان متميزًا جدًا بها، فكوَّن مع أصدقائه فريقًا باسم «الأسد المرعب». وكان طموحه في هذا الوقت، هو الانضمام إلى أحد الأندية الكبيرة في كرة القدم، وعند وصوله للمرحلة الإعدادية، انضم لناشئين نادي الزمالك كلاعب وسط. وفي نفس هذه الفترة، تعرض نور لأوَّل قصَّة حب له في حياته، مع فتاة سمراء معه في نفس المنطقة، وبسبب شجار حدث بينه وبين شخص آخر بسببها، ربطه عمَّه إسماعيل في ورشة النجارة الخاصَّة به لساعات، وكما أورد نور في مذكِّراته، أن هذا الموقف سبب له عقدة نفسيَّة من البنات. وبعد أن انتهى من الثانوية التحق بالمعهد العالي للفنون المسرحية، وأصبح منَّ الصعب أن يجمع بين الكرة والفن، وشعرَ بأنَّ الكرة ليست طريقه، وأنَّها كانت مرحلة عابرة في حياته تعلَّق بحكم الفراغ، والهروب من شعوره باليتم. وتخرج من المعهد سنة 1967 بتقدير امتياز، وكان الأوَّل على دفعته.

حياته الشخصية
التقى نور الشريف بِزوجته بوسي لأوَّل مرَّة في بُروفات مسلسل «القاهرة والناس»، فَتقدم لخطبتها، ولكن لم يقبل والدها لأنَّهُ لم يكن غنيًا، ورفضت زوجته بوسي هذا القرار، وهددت بِأنَّها ستنتحر وصممت على الزواج من نور الشريف، حتَّى أجبرتهم على المُوافقة. وتزوجا سنة 1972، واستمرَّ زواجهما لمدة 34 سنة، وأنجبا ابنتان هما : سارة، ومي. ولكن انفصلا في سنة 2006، وبقيت العلاقة وطيدةً بينهما كأصدقاء، بسب خلاف لم يعلنا عنهُ نهائيًا، وظلَّ الفُراق بينهما لمدة 8 سنوات. ثم عادا مرَّة أُخرى سنة 2015، تزامنًا مع خطوبة ابنتهما سارة، واصابته بمرض سرطان الرئة لتقف بجانبه، ولازمته في رحلته العلاجية.

تجربته للتمثيل

مسرح عربات الكارو
بدأ نور الشريف تجربة التمثيل في سنِّ صغير، عندما انضمَّ إلى فرقة التمثيل التي أنشأها خاله «شعيب»، الذي كان يقدَّم مسرحيَّات قصيرة، من إخراجه وتأليفه لأطفال الحارة على «عربات الكارو»، التي اتَّخذوا منها مسرحًا في الليل، بالوقت الذي يتركها أصحابها، وكان جُمهورهم من أطفال الحارة والأهالي، الذين يُطلون عليهم من النوافذ. ومن تلك النقطة، جاء اهتمامه بالتمثيل، فكان يدَّخر مصروفه لدخول السينما، وكان يذهب إليها ثلاث مرَّاتٍ على الأقل في الأسبوع، فانتقل بين سينما «وهبي» بالحلمية، و«إيزيس» بالسيِّدة زينب. وبدأ يُقلِّد تشارلي تشابلن في حركاته ومشيته التقليديَّة، والممثِّل الكوميدي عبد المنعم إبراهيم في أحد مشاهده بفيلم الوسادة الخالية. وكان مثله الأعلى في هذا الوقت المُمثِّلين الأجانب أمثال: غاري كوبر في أفلام رعاة البقر، وفيكتور ماتير في الأفلام التاريخيَّة، وأيضًا كيرك دوغلاس، وبرت لانكستر. ومع الوقت بدأ اهتمامه بالكرة يقل، ويزداد حبُّه للفن.

مسرح المدرسة الإعدادية
أوَّل تجربة جادَّة لنور في التمثيل، كانت انضمامه لفرقة التمثيل بمدرسة «بنبا قادن الإعدادية»، عندما شارك معهم في تقديم عروض الأنشطة المسرحيَّة المدرسيَّة. وكان المشرف على العروض المخرج حمدي فريد مدرِّس التربية البدنيَّة، والذي كان ملتحقًا بالمعهد العالي للفنون المسرحيَّة وقتها، وهو من أوائل المخرجين الذين قدَّموا زوجت نور الشريف بوسي وهي طفلة. وقدَّم معهم مسرحيَّة باسم «مصرع كلبير»، وأدَّى دور «برونان» مستشار كليبر الخاص، وبرغم من خوفه وتوتره لوقوفه على خشبة المسرح لأوَّل مرَّة، فقد أدَّى دوره بإجادة وإتقان، وكانت المسرحيَّة مقرَّرة على المسرح المدرسي وقتها، وهي عن حادث مقتل أحد قادة الحملة الفرنسية على مصر، وكان المشرف على النشاط المسرحي في منطقة السيِّدة زينب الممثِّل عدلي كاسب، وكان حاضرًا للعرض. وفي إحدى بروفات المسرحيَّة، ذهبَ نور إلى حمدي ليساله عن شروط الالتحاق بالمعهد، ورد حمدي بسخرية واستخفاف، لصعوبة هذه التجربة وما تحتاجه من أموال ووقت، ولكن هذا الحوار دفع نور أكثر إلى حب التمثيل.

بعد حصول نور على الشهادة الإعداديَّة، ذهبَ هو وصديقه «محمود الجهري» إلى مكتب مدير الإنتاج السينمائي تاكفور أنطونيان، وكان في ذلك الوقت واحدًا من أهم المنتجين السينمائيين، واستطاعوا مقابلته، وعرضوا عليه أن يقدمهم في أحد الأدوار، وقال لهم تاكفور كما أورد نور في مذكِّراته: . وبعد تلك المحاولة الفاشلة بفترة قصيرة، قرأ نور في إحدى الصحف أعلانًا للمنتج رمسيس نجيب، يطلب وجوهًا جديدة لفيلم «و إسلاماه»، فذهبَ نور وصديقه وقابل نجيب، وكالعادة لم تنجح هذه المُحاولة أيضًا. ولكن هذه المحاولات الفاشلة دفعت نور أكثر للتعلُّق بالسينما. وبدأ نور وصديقه يتوجهان إلى دار الكتب، والمكتبات العامَّة، والشعبيَّة، لاستعارة أكبر عدد ممكن من الكتب المتعلِّقة بالسينما والمسرح، توجُّهًا منهم لدراسة علوم السينما والمسرح بشكل علمي وأكاديمي، وإذا أعجب بقصَّة أو نصًا مسرحيًا، يكتب لها ملخصًا في كرَّاسة، وظل يتبع هذا الأسلوب طوال مسيرته الفنيَّة.

مسرح التلفزيون
انتقل نور مع أعمامه إلى منزل جديد في حي السيِّدة زينب، وأصرَّ على الالتحاق بالمدرسة «الإبراهيميَّة الثانويَّة»، وكانت مدرسة لأبناء الأثرياء في حي جاردن سيتي، وكان يسير كلَّ يوم ذهابًا وإيابًا من حي السيِّدة إلي حي جاردن سيتي، حتَّي ذابت احذيته. وفي السنة الأولى، حصل على المركز الأوَّل في مسابقة لفك وتركيب الأسلحة، على مستوي المدارس الثانويَّة، واستلم الجائزة من كمال الدين حسين، وزير التربية والتعليم في ذلك الوقت. لم يستطع نور دخول فريق التمثيل بالمدرسة، بسبب هيمنة الطلبة الأثرياء عليه، حتَّي جاء إلى المدرسة ذات يوم «أحمد طنطاوي»، الذي أصبح مخرجًا فيها بعد، ووجد نور أنَّها فرصة للاشتراك معهم في أحد الأدوار، لكن عرض طنطاوي عليه دور عسكري يقول جملتين فقط، فرفض الدور. واستمرَّت فترة المدرسة الثانويَّة ولم يقتنع به زملائه بفريق التمثيل، ولم يشارك معهم في أي مسرحيَّة. وذات يوم، سمع نور من أحد أصدقائه، أنَّهم يريدون بعض الشباب من فريق التمثيل بالمدرسة، ليظهروا مع المجاميع  في مسرحيَّة «الشوارع الخلفية» للمُؤلِّف عبد الرحمن الشرقاوي، فذهبَ إلى إدارة مسرح التلفزيون، واختاره سعد أردش مخرج المسرحيَّة من بين زملائه، ليقول جملتين هما: ، وبرغم من دوره الصغير، شعر بسعادة غامرة لوقوفه على خشبة المسرح وسط ممثِّلين كبار أمثال: حمدي غيث، ونعيمة وصفي، ومحسنة توفيق، ورشوان توفيق، وأنور رستم، وتعلَّم منهم كيف يؤدُّون، وكيف يوثرون على المتفرِّج، ولماذا يتفاعل المتفرِّجون مع ممثِّل معيِّن أكثر من غيره. ثم التحق بفرقة للهواء باسم «فرقة الطليقة»، أنشأها عبد العزيز مكيوي وفوزي فهمي، وقدم معهم مسرحيَّة باسم «الأم الشجاعة وأولادها» للكاتب الألماني برتولت بريشت، وزادت خبَّرته أكثر من هذه التجربة.

بعد أن أنهى الثانويَّة العامة عام 1962 بمجموع 76%، رشَّحه مكتب التنسيق لدخول كلِّيَّة التجارة، ولكنَّه أراد الالتحق بالمعهد العالي للفنون المسرحيَّة، ورفض أعمامه هذه الفكرة، وكذب عليهم لتهدئتهم، وقال أنَّه سيدخل قسم الديكور وليس التمثيل، ليصبح مهندس ديكور. وبدأ يستعد لامتحان القبول بالمعهد، فأخذ يدرِّبه عبد العزيز مكيوي على أحد مشاهد مسرحيَّة «اللحظات الحرجة»، للكاتب يوسف إدريس، ومحيي إسماعيل على مشهد آخر من مسرحيَّة «هاملت»، وقبل في المعهد، وكان من أكثر الطلَّاب التزامًا وحضورًا.

حياته قبل الاحتراف

في المعهد
في أوَّل أيَّام نور بالمهعد، عرف أعمامه عن طريق أحد الأقارب، أنَّه التحق بقسم التمثيل وليس الديكور، فمنعوا عنه المصروف حتَّى ينتقل إلى قسم الديكور، ولكنَّه أصرَّ على رغبته، وساعده صديقه محمود الجوهري، بأن يعطيه ربع راتبه كلَّ شهر. وبعد شهرين من بداية السنة الأوَّل بالمعهد، توجَّه نور وزملائه إلى مبنى الإذاعة والتلفزيون، لأداء اختبار الممثِّلين الجدد الذين سيظهرون على شاشة التلفزيون، وكانت اللجنة مكوَّنة من مخرجين كبار مثل: وحافظ أمين، ونور الدمرداش رئيس اللجنة، وجاء دوره وأدَّى مشهدًا من مسرحيَّة هاملت، وهو المشهد الذي دخل به إلى المعهد، وأثناء الاختبار أوقفه نور الدمرداش وقال له كما أورد نور في مذكِّراته: ، فأجاب نور بصوت واهن: ، فردَّ عليه منهيًا الحديث والاختبار: ، وشعر نور بصدمة كبيرة جدًا، وتوالت الصدمات عندما نحج جميع زملائه سواء، وجاء بعد ذلك حافظ أمين له، وعرض عليه أن يعيد الاختبار، ولكنَّه رفض وقال له: . بعد هذا الموقف، شعر نور بالإهانة واليأس، واتَّجه إلى التركيز في المعهد، وشجَّعه على ذلك نبيل الألفي، أستاذه بالمعهد، والأب الروحي بالنسبة له، كما أورد نور في مذكِّراته. واضطرَّ إلى العمل ككومبارس في المسرحيَّات، بمقابل خمسون قرشًا عن البروفة، وجنيهًا عن العارض، لكي يخفِّف العبء على صديقه الجوهري، ولأنَّها الفرصة الوحيد أمامه الآن، وكانت مسرحية «الزلزال» للمفكِّر الدكتور مصطفى محمود، أوَّل مسرحيَّة يظهر بها ككومبرس، وأخرجها جلال الشرقاوي. وقبل نهاية السنة الدراسيَّة الأولى، اختار نور دور «أجاممنون»، من مسرحيَّة «إيفيجينيا في أوليس» ليؤدِّيه في اختبار نهاية السنة، وكانت أوَّل مرَّة يؤدِّي طالب هذا الدور، لصعوبته، وظهرت النتيجة وكان الأوَّل على دفعته، وكرَّر نفس الشيء في الثلاث سنوات المتبقِّية.

وفي الإجازة الصيفيَّة للسنة الثانية، رشَّحه أستاذه نبيل الألفي لدور البطولة، في مسرحيَّة «روميو وجوليت»، للمخرج كمال عيد، الذي اختار سناء ماهر لدور «جوليت»، ووقَّع نور عقدًا بمائة وخمسون جنيهًا، أخذ منهم خمسون جنيهًا كعربون، وأخبرته شقيقته أن اسمه ليس اسمًا فنِّيًا، فقترحت عليه اسم «نور الشريف»، لحبِّها بالممثِّل عمر الشريف، فأعجبه الاسم وأصبح اسمه طوال حياته. وبدأت بروفات المسرحيَّة بمسرح «الجيب»، واستمرَّت لثلاثة أشهر، واشترك معهم في المسرحيَّة عبد الرحيم الزرقاني، ونعيمة وصفي، وعزيزة حلمي، وكانت أوَّل مرَّة تجري معه لقاءت صحفيَّة. وذهبَ إلى مبنى التلفزيون ليعرض مشهدًا من المسرحيَّة أمام الكاميرات، وفي المبنى رأى «بوسي» لأوَّل مرَّة، وكانت تؤدِّي دورًا رئيسيًا في الحلقات المسلسلة «بندق ولوز»، وكانت تبلغ من العمر خمسة عشر عامًا، وأعجب نور بها، وبسبب الميزانة توقَّفت البروفات فترة، ثم ألغيت المسرحيَّة نهايًا، فكانت صدمة كبيرة لنور وسناء بطلة المسرحيَّة، فعاد إلى التركيز في المعهد، واستمرَّ في العمل ككومبرس. ثم رشَّحه أستاذه نبيل الألفي، لدور في مسرحيَّة «شمشون ودليلة»، واستدعته المخرجة إنعام محمد علي، واسندت إليه دورًا صغيرًا في أحد مسلسلاتها، بعد أن رأته في أحد المسرحيَّات، وشارك في مسلسل «الامتحان» للمخرج محمد فاضل، وقال من أربعة إلى اثني عشر جملة، ثم أسند إليه نور الدمرداش، دورًا بسيطًا في مسلسل «لا تطفئ الشمس» عام 1965.

وفي السنة الرابعة والأخيرة، قدَّم نور في أحد مشاهد تخرُّجه، مشهدًا بالحركة البطيئة، واعترض عليه استاذه جلال الشرقاوي، ثم استخدمه بعد ذلك في مسرحيَّة مدرسة المشاغبين، وبحسب ما أورده نور في مذكِّراته، فهو أوَّل من استخدم هذه الحركة في المسرح، وقدَّمها في مسرحيَّة «المهندس وإمبراطور آشور». وأسند إليه سعد أردش، الإشراف على المسرح العسكري مع ثلاثة من زملائه، بمبلغ أحد عشر جنيهًا كلَّ شهر، إيمانًا منه بهم رغم أنَّه لم يدرس لهم. وتخرَّج نور من المعهد  بتقدير «امتياز»، سنة 1967 بتزامن مع حرب 1967 «النكسة»، ثم عيَّن معيدًا بالمعهد.

مسيرته الفنيَّة

البداية الفنيَّة

تزامن ظهور نور الشريف مع تراجع الاهتمام بالمسرح والسينما في مصر، بعد حرب 1967 «النكسة»، واهتمام الدولة بإزالة آثار الاحتلال، والتركيز على الأعمال الكوميديَّة والوطنيَّة، لتقليل حالة اليأس والغضب المنتشر في الشارع المصري. بعد تخرَّج نور بفترة قصيرة، دعاه المخرج محمد فاضل إلى مبنى التلفزيون، فكان يبحث عن ممثِّلين لمسلسله الجديد، وبعد عدَّة لقائات بينهم، أبلغه أنَّه اختاره لدور «عادل عوض» في مسلسل «القاهرة والناس»، وأعطاه سيناريو الحلقات  الخمس الأولى، وأعجب نور بالحلقات لأنَّها تناقش آمال ومشكلات وحالة المجتمع بعد النكسة، من خلال أسرة متوسطة الحال، ولأنَّها فرصة تتيح له التمثيل مع عدد كبير من الممثِّلين الكبار، وبدأ التصوير. وبعد عرض الحلقات الأولى في أكتوبر 1967، تلقَّى نور نقدًا بنَّاءً من المشاهدين ومن «مصطفى كامل» كاتب السيناريو، عن أدائه في الحلقات، وهذا دفع نور إلى التركيز أكثر في الحلقات القادمة، وأدرك أن التمثيل السينمائي يختلف عن التمثيل المسرحي الذي تعلَّمه، وأن الأسلوب السينمائي يتطلَّب قدرًا في البساطة، ويكون طبيعيًا خاليًا من التكليف، ومع الوقت بدأ يلفت انتباء المشاهدين، ويصبح معروفًا وتشير إليه الناس في الشوارع.

أعماله

من المسلسلات الإذاعية

 الفاتح صلاح الدين (2013) (إذاعة قطر من تأليف وإخراج أحمد فتح الله)
 سيرة ومسيرة (2001)

من المسرحيات

 القدس في يوم آخر
 يا غولة عينك حمرا
 الأميرة والصعلوك
 يا مسافر وحدك
 كنت فين يا علي
 لعبة السلطان

الجوائز
 حصل على العديد من الجوائز وشهادات التقدير منها «جائزة أحسن ممثل» عن دوره في فيلم ليله ساخنة.
 فاز نور الشريف بجائزة أحسن ممثل في مهرجان القاهرة السينمائي الدولي الذي أقامته جمعية كتاب ونقاد السينما المصرية في دورته الثانية في سبتمبر 1977.
 وفاز بجائزة أفضل ممثل عن دوره في فيلم بتوقيت القاهرة بمهرجان وهران للفيلم العربي.
 وحصل علي جائزة التمثيل الذهبية من مهرجان نيودلهي عن فيلم سواق الأتوبيس.
 وفي الاحتفال بمئوية السينما العالمية عام 1996 اختار النقاد له فيلم سواق الأتوبيس أفضل ثامن فيلم في السينما المصرية
 وقد تم اختيار 7 أفلام للفنان نور الشريف في قائمة أفضل مئة فيلم في ذاكرة السينما المصرية حسب استفتاء النقاد عام 1996 وهي: زوجتي والكلب 1971، أبناء الصمت 1974، الكرنك 1975، أهل القمة 1981، حدوتة مصرية 1982، العار 1982، سواق الأتوبيس 1982.

وفاته

توفي في يوم الثلاثاء في 11 أغسطس 2015 في القاهرة بعد صراع طويل مع سرطان الرئة عن عمر يناهز 69 سنة. وتم تشييع جثمانه يوم الأربعاء 12 أغسطس 2015 من مسجد الشرطة بالسادس من أكتوبر.

الهوامش
 : كانَ اِسْمهُ عِنْدَ الوِلادَة هو محمد جابر محمد عبد الله، قَبلَ أَنْ يَقوم لاحقًا بِتغييره فِي الأوراق الرسمية لِيصبح نور الشريف محمد عبد الله وذلك بحسب جواز سفره.

المراجع

روابط خارجية

عائلة نور الشريف
حائزون على وسام الثقافة والعلوم والفنون الفلسطيني
خريجو المعهد العالي للفنون المسرحية (مصر)
مسلمون مصريون
ممثلو أفلام مصريون
ممثلو تلفزيون مصريون
ممثلو مسرح مصريون
ممثلون مصريون في القرن 20
ممثلون مصريون في القرن 21
مواليد 1365 هـ
مواليد 1946
مواليد في القاهرة
وفيات 1436 هـ
وفيات 2015
وفيات السرطان في مصر
وفيات بسبب سرطان الرئة
وفيات في القاهرة

نور الشريف


Gaffati (auch: Gafati) ist eine Landgemeinde im Departement Mirriah in Niger.

Geographie
Gaffati liegt in der Sahelzone und ist von einer schwer passierbaren Hügelkette durchschnitten. Die Nachbargemeinden sind Dakoussa im Nordwesten, Albarkaram im Norden, Damagaram Takaya und Mazamni im Nordosten, Zermou im Osten, Mirriah im Südosten, Kolléram im Süden und die Regionalhauptstadt Zinder im Südwesten.

Bei den Siedlungen im Gemeindegebiet handelt es sich um 55 Dörfer, 69 Weiler und ein Lager. Der Hauptort der Landgemeinde ist das Dorf Gaffati.

Nördlich der drei Dörfer Chiya Habou, Chiya Mala und Chiyata Anga erstreckt sich der periodische See Mare de Chiya, der als Important Bird Area eingestuft ist. Das durch die Gemeinde verlaufende Trockental Zermou wird bei der Kassama-Talsperre und der Toumbala-Talsperre gestaut. Die Stauseen dienen der Bewässerung, Wasserversorgung und Viehwirtschaft.

In klimatischer Hinsicht werden in Gaffati die mit 20 °C niedrigsten Temperaturen im Dezember und Jänner gemessen und die mit 40 °C höchsten Temperaturen im April und Mai. Die Trockenzeit dauer von Oktober bis Mai und die Regenzeit von Juni bis September. Die niederschlagsreichsten Monate sind Juli und August.

Geschichte
Der Ort Gaffati wurde als Herrschaftssitz des von 1790 bis 1799 amtierenden Dorfchefs Daouda dan Ténimoun gegründet. Daouda gilt als Mitglied der Herrscherdynastie des Sultanats Zinder, das zwar erst 1812 von Sélimane dan Tintouma begründet wurde, aber seine Abstammungslinie auf einen im 17. Jahrhundert lebenden frommen Mann namens Mallam zurückführt. Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts boten die Märkte von Gaffati und weiteren Dörfern in der Region dem in der Stadt Zinder ansässigen bedeutenden Händler Malan Yaroh jene Handwerksprodukte, Pelze, Tierhäute und Henna, die er für den Transsaharahandel benötigte. Bis 1899 gehörte Gaffati zum Reich Bornu – ab 1812 außerdem zum Sultanat Zinder, das ein Teil Bornus war – und gelangte anschließend an Frankreich.

Die französische Kolonialverwaltung richtete Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts einen Kanton in Gaffati ein und gestattete die Abhaltung des kleinen Marktes. Der britische Reiseschriftsteller A. Henry Savage Landor besuchte den Ort 1906 bei seiner zwölfmonatigen Afrika-Durchquerung. Dem Kanton Gaffati wurde 1924 der aufgelöste Kanton Guéza angeschlossen.

Bei einer Untersuchung im Jahr 1990 wurde beim Befall mit der Saugwürmer-Art Schistosoma haematobium unter den 10- bis 13-Jährigen im Hauptort eine Prävalenz von 98 Prozent festgestellt. Im Zuge einer landesweiten Verwaltungsreform ging 2002 aus dem Kanton Gaffati die Landgemeinde Gaffati hervor. Im Jahr 2008 wurden durch Überschwemmungen im Dorf Angoual Zoulou 80 Felder überflutet und mehrere Häuser zerstört. 745 Dorfbewohner wurden als Geschädigte eingestuft. Starke Niederschläge am 16. und 17. Juli 2022 verursachten in der Region Zinder schwere Überschwemmungen mit Todesopfern und Sachschäden. Davon war auch Gaffati betroffen. Die Niederschlagshöhen betrugen 208 mm im Hauptort, 132 mm im Dorf Doumoumougue und 147 mm im Dorf Laoutey. In Hamdara wurde ein Rekord von 252 mm innerhalb weniger Stunden gemessen.

Bevölkerung
Bei der Volkszählung 2012 hatte die Landgemeinde 46.379 Einwohner, die in 6942 Haushalten lebten. Bei der Volkszählung 2001 betrug die Einwohnerzahl 30.733 in 5729 Haushalten.

Im Hauptort lebten bei der Volkszählung 2012 1864 Einwohner in 294 Haushalten, bei der Volkszählung 2001 1119 in 209 Haushalten und bei der Volkszählung 1988 1532 in 251 Haushalten.

In ethnischer Hinsicht ist die Gemeinde ein Siedlungsgebiet von Hausa, Kanuri, Tuareg und Fulbe. Angehörige der Hausa-Untergruppe Magouzawa betreiben Ackerbau, Agropastoralismus und Fernweidewirtschaft.

Politik
Der Gemeinderat (conseil municipal) hat 15 gewählte Mitglieder. Mit den Kommunalwahlen 2020 sind die Sitze im Gemeinderat wie folgt verteilt: 7 PNDS-Tarayya, 6 RDR-Tchanji und 2 RPP-Farilla.

Jeweils ein traditioneller Ortsvorsteher (chef traditionnel) steht an der Spitze von 54 Dörfern in der Gemeinde.

Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur
Die wichtigsten Wirtschaftszweige in der Gemeinde sind der Ackerbau, die Viehzucht, der Handel, die Fischerei und das Handwerk. In den Dörfern im Norden und Osten der Landgemeinde bestehen Probleme mit der Trinkwasserversorgung.

Im Hauptort ist ein Gesundheitszentrum des Typs Centre de Santé Intégré (CSI) vorhanden. Es verfügt über ein eigenes Labor und eine Entbindungsstation. Der CEG Gaffati ist eine allgemein bildende Schule der Sekundarstufe des Typs Collège d'Enseignement Général (CEG). Er wurde 2002 eröffnet. Beim Centre de Formation aux Métiers de Gaffati (CFM Gaffati) und beim Centre de Formation aux Métiers de Guéza Mahaman (CFM Guéza Mahaman) handelt es sich um Berufsausbildungszentren. Hinzukommen 22 öffentliche Grundschulen.

Persönlichkeiten
 Abdou Daouda († 2009), Politiker

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Niger
Zinder (Region)
Ort in Afrika

Gaffati


Kisdorf  er en by og en kommune i det nordlige Tyskland, beliggende i Amt Kisdorf i den vestlige del af Kreis Segeberg. Kreis Segeberg ligger i den sydøstlige del af delstaten Slesvig-Holsten.

Geografi
Kisdorf ligger omkring 10 km nord for Norderstedt. mod vest går motorvejen A 7 fra Hamborg mod Flensborg og nord for kommunen går Bundesstraße B 432 fra Norderstedt mod Bad Segeberg.

Kommunen ligger på vestskråningen af Kisdorfer Wohldes, et højdedrag, der med sit højeste punkt – Rathkrügen (91 moh.) – når samme højde som Segeberger Kalkberge.

Eksterne kilder/henvisninger

 Kommunens websted
 Statistikamt Nord – Bevölkerung der Gemeinden in Schleswig-Holstein 4. Quartal 2014 (XLSX-Data) (Fortschreibung auf Basis des Zensus 2011)

Byer i Slesvig-Holsten
Kommuner i Slesvig-Holsten
Byer i Kreis Segeberg

Kisdorf


Familia Suțu sau Sutzu (în ) este o familie fanariotă greacă care a crescut ca importanță și putere la Constantinopol (astăzi Istanbul) în ultimele secole ale Imperiului Otoman și a dat mai mulți domni de scurtă durată ai Principatelor Dunărene, precum Alexandru Suțu, Mihai Suțu și Mihail Suțu.

Constantin Drako, fiul lui Diamantaki Drako, retor al Patriarhiei de Constantinopol, a fost primul membru al familiei Suțu care a urcat pe scara socială. El s-a căsătorit în 1714 cu prințesa Maria Rosetti, fiica unei familii fanariote cu o existență îndelungată (mama ei a fost Elena Mavrocordat, iar bunicul ei patern Antonie Ruset a domnit în Principatele Dunărene sub suzeranitate otomană). Rudele lui Constantin l-au ajutat să obțină demnități înalte în Principatele Dunărene, iar fiii lui erau înrudiți cu multe persoane influente din Fanar. Mai târziu, în anii 1780-1790, unul dintre fii (Mihai Draco-Suțu) a obținut de mai multe ori tronurile Valahiei și Moldovei și a fost primul prinț al acestei familii.

După prințul Mihai, nepotul de frate Alexandru Suțu, și tizul său, nepotul de fiu Mihail Suțu au domnit, de asemenea, în Principatele Dunărene.

Printre membrii proeminenți ai familiei Suțu se numără doi frați poeți Panagiotis Soutsos și Alexandros Soutsos, dintre care primul a pus bazele renașterii Jocurilor Olimpice, iar al doilea a fost fondatorul școlii grecești de poezie romantică. Ramura principală a familiei de mai sus se află acum la Atena, în Grecia. Alexandru A. Suțu și Mihail C. Suțu au devenit membri ai Academiei Române în anii 1880.

Note

Lectură suplimentară
  Alexandre Negresco-Soutzo, Livre d'Or de la Famille Soutzo, Paris, 2005.

Legături externe

Familii grecești
Români de origine greacă
Fanarioți

Familia Suțu


Wayne James Bennett  (born 1 January 1950), also known by the nickname "Benny", is an Australian professional rugby league football coach and former player. He is currently the head coach of the Dolphins in the National Rugby League (NRL), and has previously coached the South Sydney Rabbitohs, the Brisbane Broncos, the Newcastle Knights, the St George Illawarra Dragons, the Canberra Raiders, the Queensland Maroons State of Origin team, the NRL All Stars and the Australian Kangaroos national team as well as the England and Great Britain national teams.

Widely regarded as one of the sport's greatest ever coaches, Bennett holds the Australian rugby league coaching record for the most grand final wins, winning seven premierships from ten grand final appearances in the NRL and its predecessors the Super League and New South Wales Rugby League, plus one premiership in the Brisbane Rugby League with Southern Suburbs in 1985. Bennett also holds the records for most seasons with a single club; twenty-four with the Brisbane Broncos, most games won as coach, and most games coached at over a thousand first-grade games, being recognised by the NRL in Round 10 of the 2023 season as having coached 900 games in the competition and its predecessors.

Additionally, he was a coaching adviser to the Tonga national rugby league team in 2022 and the assistant head coach of New Zealand in 2008.

As a player, Bennett was an Australian international and Queensland interstate representative  or  in the 1970s. He also played at club level with the Huddersfield Giants in England. Before becoming a full-time football coach in 1976, Bennett worked as a Queensland Police officer.

Early life
Bennett was born in the small township of Allora, Queensland, Australia. He grew up in a working-class family in nearby Warwick with an alcoholic father who deserted the family when Wayne was eleven years old, resulting in him entering the workforce at an early age. He has two sisters, Michelle and Gretta and two brothers, Robert and Dwight. Bennett is an avowed non-smoker, non-drinker and non-gambler. Before becoming involved with the Queensland Rugby League on a full-time basis, Bennett commenced work as a police officer at age fifteen while playing junior rugby league in Warwick. His family had ties to the police and rugby league in South East Queensland through his uncle, 1948 Kangaroo forward Eddie Brosnan.

Playing career (1970-1974)
Bennett's playing career began with appearances for Warwick and Toowoomba in the South-West District Rugby League, and the All Whites in the Ipswich Rugby League. His first-grade appearances were for Past Brothers and Southern Suburbs in the Brisbane Rugby League premiership (BRL). He was a talented  and goal-kicker, and represented Queensland nine times between 1971 and 1973, including seven games against New South Wales. Coached by Bob Bax, Bennett credits him as being a major influence in his own later coaching career. Bennett also played two tour matches for Australia on the 1971 tour of New Zealand. In 1972, Bennett played for Toowoomba in the last Bulimba Cup Final against Brisbane. After that, he played for Huddersfield in England alongside fellow Queenslander and future brother-in-law Greg Veivers. Bennett played for Brisbane's Brothers club and under coach Paul Broughton reached the 1974 Grand Final which they lost to Fortitude Valley. Bennett was the top tryscorer in the 1975 Brisbane Rugby League season.

Coaching career (1976-present)

Early years (1976-1985)
From 1975-77, Bennett coached the U18s Queensland Police Academy in the Brisbane local competition and the Police Academy Cadet Team versus the NSW Police Academy.

In 1976, he began full-time coaching in Ipswich, coaching three games for the midweek Amco and Carlton Cups, before moving to Brisbane Rugby League Premiership sides, Souths (who he captain-coached in 1977) and Brothers.

After the births of his three children, Bennett had a break from coaching. He returned in 1983 as coach of Souths Acacia Ridge under 16s as well as the Queensland Police Academy under 18s team which he took to a premiership. He also worked as the Police Academy's fitness instructor. Bennett then took over the Souths job and took them to the 1984 grand final, which they lost to the Wynnum-Manly Seagulls. Revenge was to come a year later when the Bennett-coached Magpies defeated the Seagulls 10–8 in the BRL grand final to take the premiership. This was against a Seagulls line-up featuring Australian captain Wally Lewis and centre Gene Miles, both of whom would later captain the Brisbane Broncos under Bennett.

Queensland Maroons (1986-1988)
In 1986, Bennett took over from Des Morris as coach of the Queensland State of Origin team. The Maroons were beaten 3–0 in a series whitewash that year; however, Bennett was retained as Queensland's coach for two more years.

Canberra Raiders (1987)
In 1987, Bennett moved interstate to join the NSWRL's Winfield Cup Premiership when he was appointed co-coach of the Canberra Raiders alongside then Australian team coach Don Furner. With the Queensland side, Bennett won the 1987 State of Origin series. By the end of the 1987 NSWRL season, he and Furner had guided the Raiders to their first Grand Final which was lost to the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles 18–8.

Brisbane Broncos (1988-2008)
Bennett was appointed to be the first coach of the Brisbane Broncos when the club was formed in 1988. That season with the Maroons, he defeated New South Wales in a 3 nil whitewash in the State of Origin, but Bennett discontinued his representative coaching to focus on the Broncos.

Bennett's reputation for being able to make tough and even unpopular decisions was characterised by his sacking of Wally Lewis as club captain in 1990. At the end of the season, Lewis was not made an offer large enough to retain him, with Bennett citing salary cap restrictions and the need to keep Sydney clubs away from more junior talent coming through. The Broncos won their first premierships in 1992 under Bennett. In the weeks following the grand final, Bennett travelled with the Broncos to England, where they played the 1992 World Club Challenge against British champions Wigan, helping Brisbane become the first NSWRL club to win the match in Britain. The following season, the Broncos again won the grand final, gaining a second consecutive premiership. During the 1994 QLDRL season, Bennett coached defending premiers Brisbane when they unsuccessfully hosted British champions Wigan for the 1994 World Club Challenge.

Bennett was appointed as Queensland coach again for the 1995 State of Origin series but pulled out of the position after players aligned with the breakaway Super League organisation (including the majority of his club team, the Brisbane Broncos) were refused selection. In the 1997 Super League season, the Broncos dominated under Bennett, winning the 1997 World Club Championship as well as the Telstra Cup grand final in Brisbane. Bennett resumed representative coaching duties in 1998 with Queensland and was also given the honour of coaching Australia when he was appointed to replace Bob Fulton as Kangaroos coach. Australia was undefeated in two test matches against New Zealand. Bennett won his fourth premiership with the Broncos when they took the 1998 NRL grand final, and he was also named Coach of the Year at the Queensland Sport Awards. Bennett ceased coaching the Australian national team in March 1999, and was replaced by Chris Anderson.

In 2000, Bennett won his fifth premiership with the Broncos. Following the premiership win, the Australian Rugby Union tried to poach Bennett, but he declined. Having won the 2000 NRL Premiership, the Broncos travelled to England to play against 2000's Super League V Champions, St Helens R.F.C. for the 2001 World Club Challenge, with Bennett overseeing Brisbane's loss. Bennett would again coach Queensland in 2001, gaining widespread attention after his decision to recall Allan Langer to the Maroons from the Super League for the deciding third game of the 2001 State of Origin series. Bennett remained Queensland's coach for the 2002 and 2003 series before stepping down again. He continued his involvement with coaching for Queensland through the Queensland Academy of Sport and in an off-field role with the Queensland Rugby League. On Australia Day 2004, Bennett was honoured as a member of the Order of Australia "for service to rugby league football, particularly as a coach, and to the community."

 Bennett is a passionate advocate of international Rugby League and was instrumental in the revival of the Tri-Nations series in 2004. In that year, he was again appointed Australian coach and took Australia to reclaim the Trans-Tasman Trophy (lost to New Zealand in 2003) and win the second Rugby League Tri-Nations Series. At the end of the 2005 season, after five successive years without a grand final appearance, Bennett decided to have a clean-out of the coaching staff, removing such long-time allies as Gary Belcher, Glenn Lazarus and Kevin Walters. That year, he received the Rugby League International Federation's coach of the year award. However, on 9 December 2005, it was announced that Bennett had resigned as Australia's coach after the Kangaroos lost an international series for the first time in 27 years, and equalled their biggest loss in 98 years, going down 24–0 to New Zealand in the final of the 2005 Tri-nations series. In 2006 a secret deal being brokered between Bennett and the Sydney Roosters club for him to become their coach was made public. This is said to have caused the deterioration in his relationship with the Broncos management which eventually led to his resignation. During the 2006 finals series, Bennett became the second person (after Tim Sheens) to coach 500 premiership games. He also signed on to continue coaching the Broncos for a further two years. The sixth premiership final won by Brisbane against Melbourne made Wayne Bennett the most successful Grand Final coach in history. He again was named Queensland's Sport Coach of the Year for 2007 and was made a life member of the Broncos club. His refusal to make an acceptance speech at the club's presentation ball showed the strain in his relationship with the Broncos. Bennett coached the 2007 All Golds. In doing so, he introduced the New Zealand players to the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh.

Bennett was originally contracted to the Broncos until the end of 2009 , but on the night of 4 February 2008 at a Broncos board meeting, he submitted his letter of resignation and sought an early release at the end of the 2008 season. Bennett's coaching future was confirmed on 31 March 2008, when he signed a three-year contract to coach the St. George Illawarra Dragons from season 2009. After much speculation, Bennett became assistant coach and advisor to New Zealand coach Stephen Kearney in 2008. This was in preparation for the Centenary test against the Kangaroos. Bennett was retained in the same role for the 2008 Rugby League World Cup, which the Kiwis won. Former New Zealand coach Graham Lowe has credited Bennett with the victory.

St George Illawarra Dragons (2009-2011)
The Bennett era at St George Illawarra began with high turnover of staff and players. High performance director Jeremy Hickmans, conditioner Scott Campbell and manager/assistant Paul Massey were recruited to replace the existing staff, while the playing roster had recently lost high-profile stars Mark Gasnier to retirement with Jason Ryles and Josh Morris released. The club's player recruiting however was extensive: Jeremy Smith, Darius Boyd, Neville Costigan, Luke Priddis, Michael Weyman, Mathew Head (returned) and Mickey Paea. At the Dragons, Bennett was to be re-united with former Broncos Wendell Sailor and Luke Priddis, both of whom had won premierships with him at Brisbane. Neville Costigan, who also played under Bennett at the Broncos joined the Dragons that year in addition to Darius Boyd and Nick Emmett who also moved from Brisbane to St. George Illawarra at the same time as Bennett.

His first game with the Dragons was a golden point loss to the previous season's grand finalists, Melbourne Storm. In round 4 of the 2009 NRL season, Bennett returned to Suncorp Stadium with the Dragons and for the first time coached against the club he helped build. St. George Illawarra defeated the Broncos convincingly as the Dragons continued to lead the competition in defence. However, after winning the minor premiership in his first season at the club, it was the Brisbane Broncos who knocked the Dragons out of finals contention at the end of the 2009 season.

In 2009, Bennett was inducted into the Queensland Sport Hall of Fame.

In the 2010 NRL season, Bennett guided the Dragons to their second consecutive minor premiership and on to the 2010 NRL Grand Final, the joint venture club's second. After years of having a "choker" tag, they faced the Sydney Roosters at ANZ Stadium in the decider at the season's end. The rain fell across the ground during the match and Bennett's players had a fiery 2nd Half after a traditional spray at half time as they were being led 8–6 at the break. The Dragons under Bennett were successful in winning their first premiership as a joint venture who went on to beat the Roosters 32–8.

The Dragons went on to defeat 2010's Super League XV champions, Wigan Warriors in the 2011 World Club Challenge, but Bennett was absent, choosing to fly back to Australia days before the match to be with his ill mother-in-law, and leaving assistant coach Steve Price in charge.

On 30 March 2011, Bennett announced he would not continue on as coach of St George Illawarra beyond the 2011 season. His final game at the helm of St. George Illawarra ended the way it started, with a heartbreaking golden point loss against his old club, the Brisbane Broncos, at Suncorp Stadium. This extended Bennett's winless finals record at the venue to eight.

Newcastle Knights (2012-2014)
In 2012, Bennett commenced a four-year contract with the Newcastle Knights. The team did not reach the finals that year; the first finals series not to feature Bennett in twenty-one years. This changed in the following season when he took the club to within one match of the 2013 NRL Grand Final.

Due to a change in club ownership in 2014, Bennett became a free agent and announced that he would be leaving the club at the end of the season to return to the Brisbane Broncos ahead of the 2015 season.

Brisbane Broncos (2015-2018)
Bennett returned to coach the Brisbane Broncos for the 2015 NRL season, The Broncos subsequently finished second in the regular season and made it to the grand final, but were defeated 17-16 by the North Queensland Cowboys in golden point extra time, which was the Broncos first grand final defeat. Bennett continued with the Broncos until the end of the 2018 season.

On 2 December 2018, Bennett was officially sacked as coach of the Brisbane Broncos following a bitter dispute with club officials. He then signed up to coach the South Sydney Rabbitohs for the 2019 season onwards. On 4 December 2018, Bennett spoke to the media about his sacking saying "You don't get the chance to say goodbye to anybody when they sack you and they tell you not to come back to the building", Bennett said. "But that's alright. That's all fine. We'll all get over it. I was happy to be sacked. Just leave it at that. I was happy".

Great Britain and England (2016-2020)
In 2016, Bennett was appointed coach of England for two seasons. The decision however suffered criticism from some critics, such as former English internationals Kevin Sinfield and Jamie Peacock who believe previous coach Steve McNamara should have stayed at the helm, while Australian rugby league legend Wally Lewis said that an Australian should not be coaching the English team. Later in 2016, rumours came about that Bennett would be selecting Australian players such as Brett and twin brother Josh Morris as well as Trent Hodkinson in his English team for the 2016 Four Nations. However, he 'denied' that he'd select those players in his squad saying that the media is 'getting excited'. In October 2017, Bennett was selected for the England squad in the 2017 Rugby League World Cup.

In 2019, Bennett was selected as head coach for the Great Britain Lions tour of the Southern Hemisphere. He took charge of Great Britain for the first time in the defeat by Tonga.
Great Britain ended the tour losing all four matches including the last match which was a humiliating 28-10 loss against Papua New Guinea in Port Moresby.  Following the conclusion of the tour, several Great Britain players and Bennett himself came under intense media scrutiny and fan backlash.

He was also selected to coach the England 9s squad for the 2019 Rugby League World Cup 9s.

South Sydney Rabbitohs (2019-2021)
In 2019, Bennett started his first of three seasons as South Sydney coach with the club winning 10 of their first 11 games which saw them sitting at the top of the table.  Following the 2019 State of Origin series, Souths suffered a slump in form before winning their last 3 matches in a row to finish the regular season in 3rd place. Bennett guided South Sydney to the preliminary final against the Canberra Raiders but were defeated 16-10 at Canberra Stadium.

On 21 February 2020, it was announced that Bennett would be leaving South Sydney as head coach at the end of the 2021 season with assistant Jason Demetriou taking his place. Nevertheless, Bennett guided South Sydney to a sixth place finish in the 2020 NRL season which saw the club qualify for the finals. Bennett took South Sydney to their third preliminary final in a row where they suffered a 20-16 loss against Penrith. On 14 January 2021, it was announced that Bennett relinquished his Queensland Maroons coaching job from the previous year. In the 2021 NRL season, Bennett guided South Sydney to a third placed finish. He then took South Sydney to the 2021 NRL Grand Final which was also Bennett's tenth grand final as a head coach. South Sydney would go on to lose the final narrowly to Penrith 14-12.

Dolphins (2022-present)
Commencing in 2022, Bennett joined the Dolphins as head coach for their inaugural 2023 season in the NRL competition. The Dolphins won their first three matches in 2023. In round 8, they equalled the greatest comeback in premiership history to defeat the Gold Coast Titans 28-26 at Suncorp Stadium, after trailing the Titans 26-0 after the first twenty-six minutes. The record for a winning comeback in premiership history dating to 1908 was set in 1998, when the North Queensland Cowboys went from being down 26-0 to defeating the Penrith Panthers 36-28 at full-time.

On 5 May 2023, it was reported that Bennett had coached a total of 1227 games to date, and the Dolphins' round 10 clash against the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks on Saturday 6 May at Suncorp Stadium would be his 900th premiership match.

Public persona
Known for his taciturn manner  and appearing outwardly unemotional, Bennett has stated that he detests the media commitments required as head coach of a high-profile football team. Although on occasions he will happily give in-depth interviews, he has also exhibited hostility towards the press, avoided questions and started press conferences early.

Personal life
Bennett married Trish Veivers (a sister of Greg Veivers) in 1974, and they subsequently had three children. The couple separated in 2016.

In 2007, Bennett co-wrote the book Don't Die with the Music in You with Australian journalist Steve Crawley. The title refers to a quote from the American intellectual Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. regarding failure to meet one's potential. On 7 May 2008, prominent personalities such as NRL CEO David Gallop, rugby league coach Jack Gibson, businessman Lachlan Murdoch, entrepreneur John Singleton and cricketer Steve Waugh were among the attendees at the Australian Museum in Sydney when the book was publicly launched; it went on to sell over 100,000 copies. His second book with Crawley, The Man in the Mirror, was published in August 2009. Bennett has also written a weekly column in The Australian, a national newspaper.

In 2016, Bennett commenced a relationship with Dale Tynan, whom he met while coaching in Newcastle.

Recognition
1994: Medal of the Order of Australia "in recognition of service to the sport of Rugby League, particularly as coach of the Brisbane Broncos"
 1997: Super League Coach of the Year
 1998: Queensland Father of the year
 2000: NRL Coach of the Year
2000: Australian Sports Medal for "significant contribution to the development of sport"
2004: Member of the Order of Australia for "service to Rugby League football, particularly as a coach, and to the community"
2012: Inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame
2015: Dally M Coach of the Year

Statistics

Club

References

Notes

Further reading

External links

Dolphins profile

Man for All Seasons – Australian Story Transcript

South Sydney Rabbitohs profile

Wayne Bennett at celebrityspeakers.com.au
Wayne Bennett at icmi.com.au

1950 births
Living people
Australia national rugby league team coaches
Australia national rugby league team players
Australian police officers
Australian rugby league coaches
Australian rugby league players
Australian expatriate sportspeople in England
Brisbane Broncos coaches
Canberra Raiders coaches
England national rugby league team coaches
Great Britain national rugby league team coaches
Huddersfield Giants players
Members of the Order of Australia
New Zealand national rugby league team coaches
Newcastle Knights coaches
People from Warwick, Queensland
Q150 Icons
Queensland Greats
Queensland Rugby League State of Origin coaches
Queensland rugby league team players
Recipients of the Australian Sports Medal
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
Rugby league fullbacks
Rugby league players from Queensland
Rugby league wingers
Souths Logan Magpies players
Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees
St. George Illawarra Dragons coaches
Wayne

Wayne Bennett (rugby league)


Hugh Lupus Grosvenor, 1. Hertug af Westminster, KG, PC (født d. 13. oktober 1825 - død d. 22 December 1899) kendt som Viscount Belgrave mellem 1831 og 1845, Jarl Grosvenor mellem 1845 og 1869 og som Markisen af Westminster mellem 1869 og 1874, var en engelsk godsejer, politiker og ejer samt entusiast af væddeløbsheste. Han arvede ejendom Eaton Hall i Cheshire og jord i Mayfair og Belgravia, London, og brugte meget af sin formue på at udvikle disse jordbesiddelser. Selvom han var medlem af Parlamentet fra en alder af 22, hvorefter et medlem af House of Lords, var hans hovedinteresser ikke i politik, men snarere i hans godser, hestevæddeløb og jordbesiddelser. Ved sin død var han anset for at være den rigeste mand i Storbritannien.

Bigrafi
Hugh Lupus Grosvenor var den anden og ældste overlevende søn af Richard Grosvenor, 2. Markis af Westminster og Lady Elizabeth Leveson-Gower, den yngste datter af George Leveson-Gower, den 2nd Marquess af Stafford og senere 1. Hertug af Sutherland. Han blev uddannet på Eton College og indtil 1847, og på Balliol College, Oxford. Han forlod Oxford uden en bachelor, for at blive medlem af Parlamentet (MP) for Chester. Denne plads var forinden holdt af hans onkel, Robert Grosvenor (den senere 1. Baron Ebury), der besluttede at flytte til en af de to pladser i Middlesex, da de var uden en modkandidat.

I 1851 turnerede han i Indien og Ceylon. Det følgende år, den 28 April, giftede han sig med sin kusine den 17-årige, Lady Constance Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, som var fjerde datter af George Leveson-Gower 2. Hertug af Sutherland;  Bryllupet blev afholdt i Chapel Royal i St. James Palace, London, og blev overværet af dronning Victoria og Albert. Constances mor havde været dronning Victorias 'Mistress of the Robes' (Overhofmesterinde) og skulle efter sigende være en "favorit" af dronningen. Deres første barn, en søn, blev født i 1853, og dronning Victoria blev hans gudmor. I år 1874 havde parret fået 11 børn i alt, otte af dem overlevede til voksenalderen; fem sønner og tre døtre.

I 1880 døde Constance, og to år senere, i juni 1882, giftede Grosvenor sig med den 24-årige Katherine Cavendish, tredje datter af William Cavendish, 2. Baron Chesham og Henrietta Frances Lascelles. Katherine var en ung dame, faktisk yngre end hertugen's ældste søn og to af hans døtre. De havde fire børn, to sønner og to døtre.

Politiske karriere
På sin fars død i 1869, efterfulgte Grosvenor som den 3. Markis af Westminster og indtrådte i 'The House of Lords' (hans sæde som MP for Chester gik til hans fætter, Norman). Hans jomfrutale i underhuset blev udført i 1851, og han debaterede om uroligheder og optøjerne i Ceylon, kort tid efter sin rundtur i landet. Udover hans forholdsvis interessante jomfrutale tog han ellers lidt interesse i de politiske anliggender og underhuset generelt. Dog kun indtil 1866, da han gav udtryk for sin modstand mod Gladstone's Reform lovforslag. Det skulle senere vise sig, at Grosvenor's modstand spillede en betydelig rolle i Gladstones tilbagetræden, ved valget af den konservative Derby regering og Disraelis anden Reform Act. Forholdet mellem Grosvenor og Gladstone forbedrede sig dog senere, og i Gladstones tilbagetrædelses-udmærkelse i 1874, blev Hugh Grosvenor udnævnt til den første Hertug af Westminster.

Rigdom og Eaton Hall
Residensen for Grosvenor-Familien var/er Eaton Hall, deres landejendom i Cheshire. Da Grosvenor arvede godset gav det ham en indkomst af omkring £152.000 (svarende til £17,942,752. i 2019) om året. En af hans første handlinger efter at have arvet godset, var bestillingen en statue af hans navnefælle, Hugh d'Avranches, der havde været den 1. Jarl af Chester, til at stå i centralt i den store hall.

I 1870 ansatte Grosvenor ,Alfred Waterhouse, til at designe et nyt hus, som skulle erstatte den tidligere hall. Kernen i den tidligere hall blev bevaret, store dele blev totalombygget mens andre dele fik en lille ombyggelse. En privat fløj blev bygget som bolig for familien, og var forbundet med den store hall med en korridor. Waterhouse designede også Eaton kapel og dets tilknyttede klokketårn. Det siges, at Hallens gæster "ikke var meget underholdte" af klokkespilet, fra de 28 klokker, der spillede med 28 melodier og lød hvert kvartal af en time om dagen, og om natten. Arbejdet tog 12 år at færdiggøre og det kostede £803,000 (svarende til £94,789,672 i 2019). Hallen er blevet beskrevet som "den mest ambitiøse forekomst af Nygotisk arkitektur overalt i landet",  og som "en langt, uhyggeligt, gotisk struktur".

Grosvenor-Familen's rigdom kom hovedsageligt fra jordudlejelsen af Mayfair og Belgravia i London; ejendommenes værdi voksede fra omkring £115.000 (svarende til £13,575,108 i 2019) i 1870 til omkring £250.000 (svarende til £31,858,580 i 2019) om året i 1899. Hugh Grosvenor overså meget ombygning i Mayfair og han bestilte arkitekter, såsom Norman Shaw, Aston Webb og Alfred Waterhouse til at designe nye bygninger. Han havde sine egne og stærke holdninger til arkitektoniske stilarter og dekoration, og begunstigede Queen Anne stil snarere end den Italienske stukkatur, som hans far foretrak.

Sidste år og død
Nogle af de bedrifter Hugh opnåede i det sidste år af hans liv, 1899, var: 1. Han støttede han 'Seats for Shops Assistants Bill' (et lovforslag, der ville reducere mishandlingen af kvindelige medarbejdere, 2. Han dræbte en kronhjort i Skotland, 3. Han skudte 65 Dobbeltbekkasin på 1½ time i Aldford på sit Cheshire ejendom, og 4. Han deltog i brylluppet af en af sine børnebørn.

Dog udviklede han senere det selv samme år, mens han besøgte sit barnebarn i Cranborne, Dorset, bronkitis, hvorfra han døde. Han blev kremeret i Woking krematorium og hans aske blev begravet på kirkegården i Eccleston kirke, Cheshire. Hugh Grosvenor havde to mindesten opført i sin ære, en i Grosvenor kapel af Eccleston kirke og en anden i den sydlige korsarm af Chester Cathedral. Et andet mindesmærke var et farvet glas vindue i den sydlige korsarm af Westminster Abbey, dedikeret af domprovsten i September 1902. Han blev efterfulgt som hertug af Westminster af hans sønnesøn med hvem han også deler sit navn, Hugh. Ved sin død var han "angiveligt den rigeste mand i Storbritannien"; hans ejendom i forbindelse med skifteretten var £594,229 (svarende til £75,7 mio 2018), og hans faste ejendom (Stamgods var ikke medtaget i hans personlige ejendom under ejendoms-loven dengang) blev vurderet til omkring £6.000.000 (svarende til £764,6 mio i 2019 svarende til 6.3 mia dkk i 2019).

Familie
Hertugen var gift to gange og var far til 15 børn, tolv af dem overlevede til voksenalderen. Forskellen i alder mellem hans ældste søn Victor og hans yngste søn Edward var 39 år.

Hetugens første kone, som han giftede sig i 1852, var hans kusine, Lady Constance Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, som fjerde datter af sin morbroder George Leveson-Gower, den 2nd Marquess af Stafford. De fik elleve børn, otte af dem overlevede til voksenalderen, er:

 Victor Alexander Grosvenor, Jarl Grosvenor (28. April 1853 – 22. januar 1884), som giftede sig med Lady Sibell Mary Lumley, datter af Richard Lumley, 9. Jarl af Scarbrough og Frederica Mary Adeliza Drummond. Han var far til Hugh Grosvenor, 2. Hertug af Westminster
 Lady Elizabeth Harriet (11. oktober 1856 – 25. marts 1928), der blev gift med James Butler, 3. Markis af Ormonde.
 Lady Beatrice Constance (14. November 1858-12 januar 1911), som giftede sig med hendes stedmors nevø Charles Cavendish, 3rd Baron Chesham i 1877.
 Oberstløjtnant Lord Arthur Hugh (31. maj 1860 – 29. April 1929), der blev gift med Helen, datter af Sir Robert Sheffield, 5th Baronet Sheffield
 Lord Henry George (23. juni 1861-27 December 1914), som giftede sig først med Dora Mina, datter af James Erskine-Wemyss, og var far til William Grosvenor, 3. Hertug af Westminster; og anden gang med, Rosamund Angharad, datter af Edward Lloyd.
 Lord Robert Edward (19. marts 1869-16 juni 1888), der døde ugift.
 Margaret Evelyn (9. April 1873 – 27 marts 1929), som giftede sig med Adolphus Cambridge, 1. Markis af Cambridge, yngre bror til Dronning Mary.
 Kaptajn Herren Gerald Richard (14. juli 1874 – 10. oktober 1940), der døde ugift.

Constance døde i 1880, og i juni 1882 giftede Grosvenor sig med Katherine Cavendish, tredje datter af den 2. Baron Chesham. Hun fødte ham fire børn:

 Lady Mary Cavendish (12. maj 1883 – 14. januar 1959) gift først med Henry Crichton, Vicomte Crichton (1872 – 1914), og blev mor til John Crichton, 5. Jarl Erne; og gift anden gang med, oberst Hon. Algernon Francis Stanley (1874-1962).
 Herren Hugh William (6. April 1884 – 30. oktober 1914), som giftede sig med Lady Mabel Florence Mary, datter af John Crichton, 4. Jarl Erne, og der var far til Gerald Grosvenor, 4. Hertug af Westminster og Robert Grosvenor, 5. Hertug af Westminster. Han blev dræbt i kamp i første verdenskrig.
 Lady Helen Frances (5. februar 1888 – 21. oktober 1970), der blev gift med brigadegeneral Lord Henry Seymour (1878-1939) og blev mor til Hugh Seymour, 8. Markis af Hertford. Hun lægger navn til Lady Helen Seymour House, en del af den tidligere St. Mary's Hospital for kvinder og børn i Plaistow.
 Lord Edward Arthur (27. oktober 1892-26 August 1929), som giftede sig med Lady Dorothy Margaret, datter af Valentine Browne, 5. Jarl af Kenmare.

Refernceliste

Markiser fra Det Forenede Kongerige
Hertuger fra Det Forenede Kongerige

Hugh Grosvenor, 1. Hertug af Westminster


Myslo (en ukrainien : ) ou Mysliv est un village situé dans le raïon de Kalouch, lui même situé dans l'oblast d'Ivano-Frankivsk, en Ukraine.

Histoire
Myslo fait partie de l'empire austro-hongrois jusqu'au début du . Au printemps 1915, tandis que l'empire est engagé dans la Première Guerre mondiale, les autorités mettent à contribution les communautés    juives et chrétiennes pour soutenir l'effort de guerre. À Myslo, inclus dans la paroisse de Ripyanka, la  armée Austro-hongroise collecte 5 de ses cloches en 1916.

Démographie

En 2022, peu avant l'Invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie, le village comportait 800 habitants.

Notes et références

Commune rurale dans l'oblast d'Ivano-Frankivsk

Myslo


Andrea Čović (født 9. Oktober 1993) er en kvindelig kroatisk håndboldspiller, som spiller for ZRK Vardar og det kroatiske håndboldlandshold.

Referencer

Håndboldspillere fra Kroatien

Andrea Čović


ෂිහාලියන් පරික්ෂණය යනු,  පෘථිවියෙහි මධ්‍යන්‍ය ඝනත්වය නිර්ණය කෙරුමට 18වන-සියවසෙහි සිදුකෙරුණු  පරික්ෂණයකි. රාජකීය සංගමයෙහි මූල්‍ය ප්‍රදානයක් අරමුදලක් ලෙස යොදා ගනිමින්, පර්ත්ෂයර් හී පිහිටි ස්කොට්ලන්ත ෂිහාලියන් කන්ද අවට 1774 වසරෙහි ගිම්හාන සමයෙහිදී මෙය සිදු කෙරිණි. අවට පිහිටි කන්දක ගුරුත්ව ආකර්ෂණය හේතුවෙන්  අවලම්බයක සිදු වන ඉතා කුඩා උත්ක්‍රමය මෙම පරික්ෂණයට භාවිතා කෙරිණි. එහි හුදෙකලා පිහිටීම සහ බොහෝදුරට සමමිතික හැඩය නිසා, අපේක්ෂක කඳු සඳහා සිදුකෙරුණු විමසුමකින් අනතුරුව ඉතාමත් සුදුසු ස්ථානය ලෙසින් ෂිහාලියන් තොරා ගැනිණි. මෙම පරික්ෂණයට එක් පූරනයක් වූයේ මේසන්–ඩික්සන් රේඛාව සඳහා සිදු කෙරුණු සමීක්ෂණයෙහිදී සටහන් කර ගත් විෂමතා වෙති.

ඔහුගේ ගුරුත්වය පිළිබඳ නියමය ප්‍රායෝගික ලෙසින් ආදර්ශනය කිරීම සඳහා මෙම පරික්ෂණ අයිසැක් නිව්ටන් විසින් සමාලෝචනයට පාත්‍ර කරන ලද මුත් පසුව   ප්‍රතික්ෂේප කෙරිණි. කෙසේවෙතත්, විද්‍යාඥයින් පිරිසත් විසින්, සංගණ්‍ය වශයෙන්  රාජකීය තාරකා විද්‍යාඥ නෙවිල් මැස්කලීන් විසින්, මෙම ආචරණය  අභික්ෂණය කල හැකි බව ඒත්තු ගෙන සිටි අතර මෙම පරික්ෂණය සිදු කිරීමෙහි කාර්යය භාර ගති. . පෘථිවියෙහි සහ කන්දෙහි සාපේක්ෂ ඝනත්වයන් සහ පරිමාවන් මත  උත්ක්‍රමණ කෝණය රැඳී පැවතිණි: ෂිහාලියන් හී ඝනත්වය සහ පරිමාව නිර්ණය කල හැකි නම්, පෘථිවියෙහි එම පරාමිතීන්ද නිර්ණය කල හැකිව තිබිණි. මෙම අගයයන් දැනගත් පසුව, එහි ප්‍රතිඵලයක් වශයෙන්, අනෙකුත් ග්‍රහලෝකයන්හී, ඒවායෙහි  චන්ද්‍රයන්ගේ සහ සූර්යයාගේ, පෙරදී සාපේක්ෂ අනුපාතයන් ලෙසින් දැන සිටි මෙම පරාමිතීන්ගේ දළ අගයයන් සොයා ගත හැකිව තිබුණි. අමතර ප්‍රතිලාභයක් වශයෙන්, කන්ද මිනුම් සමීක්ෂණය සඳහා ක්‍රමවේදය සරල කිරීම සඳහා තැනුණු  සමෝච්ච රේඛා පිළිබඳ සංකල්පය, පසුව  සිතියම් විද්‍යාවෙහි සම්මත ශිල්පීක්‍රමයක් බවට පත් විය.

පසුබිම
සමමිතික  ගුරුත්වජ ක්ෂේත්‍රයකදී අවලම්බයක් කෙලින්ම  පහළට එල්ල කරයි. කෙසේවෙතත්, සැලකිය යුතු තරම් විශාල ස්කන්ධයක් අසබඩ පිහිටයි නම්, එහි ගුරුත්වජ ආකර්ෂණය විසින් අවලම්බයෙහි  ලඹ-කැටය සත්‍ය පිහිටීමෙන් සුළු වශයෙන් වෙනස් කොට පිහිටුවයි (එය පෘථිවියෙහි ස්කන්ධ කේන්ද්‍රය වෙත එල්ල නොකරයි). දන්නා වස්තුවකට සාපේක්ෂව ලඹ-කැට කෝණයෙහි වෙනස්වීම, කත්දෙහි දෙපස සිට පරිස්සමින් මැනිය හැකි වෙයි. එහි පරිමාව සහ එහි  පාෂාණ වල මධ්‍යන්‍ය ඝනත්වය නිර්ණය කිරීමෙන්, කන්දෙහි ස්කන්ධය ස්වායත්ත ලෙසින් සොයා ගත හැකි නම්, මෙම අගයයන් අනුසාරයෙන් පෘථිවියෙහි මධ්‍යන්‍ය ඝනත්වය සහ   එහි ස්කන්ධය ගණනය කල හැකි වෙයි.

 ප්‍රින්චිපියා තුලදී අයිසැක් නිව්ටන් විසින් මෙම ආචරණය පිළිබඳ අවධානය යොමු කල නමුදු, සාර්වාශුභවාදී ලෙසින් සිතුවේ කිසියම් සත්‍ය කන්දක් විසින් ඇති කරනු ලබන උත්ක්‍රමණය මැනීමට තරම් නොවන කුඩා එකක් වනු ඇති බවයි.  ඔහු සටහන් කර තැබුවේ, ගුරුත්වජ ආචරණ, විඤේය (තේරුම් ගත හැකි) වනුයේ ග්‍රහතාරකාමය පරිමාණයක පමණක් වන බවයි. නිව්ටන්ගේ සාර්වාශුභවාදය ප්‍රතිෂ්ඨා-විරහිත බව පෙනී ගියේය: ඔහුගේ ගණනය කිරීම් වෙතින් කෝණයෙහි විචලනය චාපයක කලා  2 (අනුභූතිමය  කන්දක් සඳහා) කට වඩා අඩු බවක් හඟවා තිබුණද, එය ඉතා කුඩා අගයයක් වුවද, එම කාලයෙහිදී තිබුණු මිනුම් උපකරණවල සෛද්ධාන්තික මිනුම් හැකියාව ඇතුළත එය මැනිය හැකිව තිබුණි.

නිව්ටන්ගේ අදහස විමසීමට පරික්ෂණයක් සිදු කලේ නම්, ඔහුගේ  සාර්වත්‍ර ගුරුත්වය පිළිබඳ නියමය සඳහා ආලම්බන සාක්ෂි සපයා ගත හැකිව තිබුණා මෙන්ම, පෘථිවියෙහි ස්කන්ධය සහ ඝනත්වය ඇස්තමේන්තු කර ගත හැකිව තිබුණාද වෙයි.

සටහන්

ආශ්‍රිත

භෞතික විද්‍යා පරික්ෂණ
ඝනත්වය
භූමිති විද්‍යාව
ගුරුත්වය
පෘථිවි විද්‍යාවෙහි ඉතිහාසය
පෘථිවියෙහි ව්‍යුහය
පර්ත් සහ කින්රොස් හී ඉතිහාසය
පර්ත් සහ කින්රොස් හී කඳු සහ හෙල්
ස්කොට්ලන්තයෙහි විද්‍යාව සහ තාක්ෂණය
විද්‍යාව අරභයා 1774 වසර
ස්කොට්ලන්තය තුල 1774 වසර
ස්කොට්ලන්තය තුල 18වන සියවස
රාජකීය සංගමය

ෂිහාලියන් පරික්ෂණය


Carl Gustaf Oscar Fredrik Christian, Prince Bernadotte (10 January 1911 – 27 June 2003), originally Prince Carl, Duke of Östergötland, was the youngest child and only son of Prince Carl of Sweden and Princess Ingeborg of Denmark and eventually a prince of the Belgian nobility. To distinguish himself from his father, he was widely known as Carl Junior. He was the brother of Princess Margaretha of Sweden, Queen Astrid of Belgium and Crown Princess Märtha of Norway.

Marriage and loss of status
When Prince Carl married Countess Elsa von Rosen (1904–1991), on 6 July 1937 at Kvillinge, Sweden, he had to relinquish his succession rights and his royal titles. She was the daughter of one Count von Rosen and ex-wife of another Count von Rosen. Bernadotte's brother-in-law, King Leopold III of the Belgians, conferred upon him the title of Prince Bernadotte in the Belgian nobility on the same date, with the right to a comital title for his male-line descendants. They had one daughter, Countess Madeleine Bernadotte (Madeleine Astrid Ingeborg Elsa, born in Stockholm, 8 October 1938), and were divorced in 1951. Through his daughter he was grandfather of Belgian actress Astrid Whettnall.

He married secondly Ann Margareta Larsson (1921–1975) at Danderyd, Sweden, on 1 November 1954. They divorced in 1961 without issue. His third and final marriage took place at the Embassy of Sweden in Rabat, Morocco, on 8 June 1978, when he married Kristine Rivelsrud.

Bernadotte died at the age of 92 on 27 June 2003 in Málaga, Spain. He was the last surviving grandchild of Oscar II of Sweden and the last surviving great-grandchild of Oscar I of Sweden. His widow, Princess Kristine Bernadotte, died at their home at Villa Capricornio in Benalmadena, Spain, on 4 November 2014 at the age of 82, without issue. His daughter Madeleine married Belgian Count Charles-Albert Ullens de Schooten-Whetnall (1927–2006) in 1962. The couple had four children and were divorced in 1980. She subsequently the same year married the Nicolaos "Nicos" Kogevinas with whom she has a daughter. She was widowed in 2006.[1]

The Huseby scandal
Carl Bernadotte was at the centre of the Huseby scandal that occurred in the late 1950s in Sweden amidst a great deal of publicity. Bernadotte and other suspects had gained the trust of Florence Stephens, a wealthy elderly heiress of a large estate near Växjö in southern Sweden. A complex set of criminal transactions led to the ruin of Stephens and brought Bernadotte and the others to court. Bernadotte was acquitted, in spite of his full confession – it was considered that he had no criminal intent. Bernadotte left Sweden shortly after the trial and spent the rest of his life in Spain.

Honours and arms

Honours
 :
 Knight and Commander of the Royal Order of the Seraphim, 10 January 1911
 Knight of the Royal Order of Charles XIII, 10 January 1911

 : Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold
 : Knight of the Order of the Elephant, 5 December 1933
 : Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun
 : Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav, with Collar, 19 March 1929

Arms

Ancestry

References

1911 births
2003 deaths
Carl 1911
Carl, Prince Bernadotte
Carl, Prince Bernadotte
Carl, Prince Bernadotte
Carl
Disinherited European royalty
Swedish unintroduced nobility
Swedish Lutherans
People from Stockholm
Dukes of Östergötland
Knights of the Order of Charles XIII
Grand Cordons of the Order of the Rising Sun

Carl Bernadotte


Piazzi ist ein Einschlagkrater am westlichsten Rand der Mondvorderseite, südöstlich des Mare Orientale und südöstlich des Kraters Lagrange, nördlich von Inghirami.

Der Krater ist stark überformt und überdeckt von den Ejekta des Mare Orientale, sodass der Kraterrand nur schlecht auszumachen ist.

Der Krater wurde 1935 von der IAU nach dem italienischen Astronomen Giuseppe Piazzi offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Piazzi auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)

Piazzi (Mondkrater)


An Cyperus dives in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Alire Raffeneau Delile. An Cyperus dives in nahilalakip ha genus nga Cyperus, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Cyperus

Cyperus dives


Jelenji rog (ruj, lat. Coriaria), biljni rod smješten u vlastitu porodicu Coriariaceae, dio reda tikvolike.

Rodu i porodici pripada 14 vrsta grmova i dva hibrida, koji rastu po obje Amerike, sjeverozapadu Afrike i dijelovima Europe (Mediteraan), dijelovima Azije, Novoj Gvineji i Novom Zelandu. Poznatija vrsta je otrovni grm C. myrtifolia u Mediteranu i japanska vrsta Coriaria japonica.

Vrste

 Coriaria angustissima Hook.f.
 Coriaria arborea Linds.
 Coriaria duthiei D.K.Singh & Pusalkar
 Coriaria intermedia Matsum.
 Coriaria japonica A.Gray
 Coriaria kingiana Colenso
 Coriaria lurida Kirk
 Coriaria myrtifolia L.
 Coriaria napalensis Wall.
 Coriaria plumosa W.R.B.Oliv.
 Coriaria pottsiana W.R.B.Oliv.
 Coriaria pteridoides W.R.B.Oliv.
 Coriaria ruscifolia L.
 Coriaria × sarlurida Cockayne & Allan
 Coriaria × sarmangusta Allan
 Coriaria sarmentosa G.Forst.
 Coriaria terminalis Hemsl.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Tikvolike

Jelenji rog