Mjerilo karte je omjer udaljenosti na karti i odgovarajuće udaljenosti na tlu. Ovaj jednostavan koncept komplicira zakrivljenost Zemljine površine, koja prisiljava mjerilo da varira na karti. Zbog ove varijacije, koncept mjerila postaje smislen na dva različita načina.

Prvi način je omjer veličine referentnog elipsoida i veličine Zemlje. Referentni elipsoid je konceptualni model na koji je Zemlja smanjena i iz kojeg se projicira karta. Omjer veličine Zemlje i veličine elipsoida koji stvara naziva se nominalna ljestvica (= glavna ljestvica = reprezentativni udio). Mnoge karte navode nominalno mjerilo i mogu čak prikazivati linearno mjerilo (ponekad se samo naziva 'mjerilo') kako bi ga predstavile.

Drugi poseban koncept mjerila odnosi se na varijacije u mjerilu na karti. To je omjer mjerila preslikane točke i nominalnog mjerila. U ovom slučaju 'mjerilo' znači faktor mjerila (= bodovna ljestvica = određena ljestvica).

Ako je područje karte dovoljno malo da zanemari Zemljinu zakrivljenost, kao na primjer u urbanističkom planu, tada se jedna vrijednost može koristiti kao mjerilo bez izazivanja mjernih pogrešaka. Na kartama koje pokrivaju veća područja ili cijelu Zemlju, mjerilo karte može biti manje korisno ili čak beskorisno u mjerenju udaljenosti. Projekcija karte postaje kritična u razumijevanju kako se mjerilo mijenja na karti. Kada se mjerilo primjetno razlikuje, može se uzeti u obzir kao faktor mjerila. Tissotova elipsa izobličenja često se koristi za ilustraciju varijacija mjerila točaka na karti.

Terminologija

Prikaz mjerila
Mjerila karte mogu se izraziti riječima (numeričko), kao omjer ili kao razlomak (brojčano mjerilo). Primjeri su:

 'jedan centimetar prema sto metara' ili 1:10 000 ili 1/10 000
 'jedan inč prema jednu milju'  ili  1:63,360  ili  1/63,360
 'jedan centimetar prema tisuću kilometara'  ili  1:100.000.000  ili  1/100.000.000. (Omjer bi obično bio skraćen na 1:100M)

Linearno mjerilo naspram brojčanog
Osim gore navedenog, mnoge karte nose jedno ili više (dužinsko) linearno mjerilo. Na primjer, neke moderne britanske karte imaju tri stupčaste skale, po jednu za kilometre, milje i nautičke milje.

Brojčano mjerilo na jeziku poznatom korisniku možda je lakše vizualizirati nego omjer: ako je mjerilo jedan inč prema dvije milje i korisnik karte može vidjeti dva sela koja su na karti udaljena oko dva inča, onda je to jednostavno utvrditi da su sela na zemlji udaljena oko četiri milje.

Brojčano mjerilo može uzrokovati probleme ako je izražena na jeziku koji korisnik ne razumije ili u zastarjelim ili loše definiranim jedinicama. Na primjer, ljestvicu od jednog inča do stope (1:7920) razumjet će mnogi stariji ljudi u zemljama u kojima su se nekada u školama podučavale imperijalne jedinice. No, ljestvica od jednog pouca do jedne lige može biti oko 1:144 000, ovisno o kartografovom izboru mnogih mogućih definicija za ligu, a samo će manjina modernih korisnika biti upoznata s jedinicama koje se koriste.

Krupno mjerilo, srednje mjerilo, sitno mjerilo

 Kontrast s prostornim mjerilom.

Karta se klasificira kao sitnog mjerila ili krupnog mjerila ili ponekad srednjeg mjerila. Mala mjerila odnose se na karte svijeta ili karte velikih regija kao što su kontinenti ili velike nacije. Drugim riječima, prikazuju velike površine zemlje na sitnom prostoru. Nazivaju se malim razmjerom jer je reprezentativni udio relativno mali.

Karte krupnog mjerila prikazuju manja područja s više detalja, kao što su karte županija ili urbanistički planovi. Takve karte nazivaju se velikim mjerilom jer je reprezentativni ulomak relativno velik. Na primjer, plan grada, koji je karta krupnog mjerila, može biti u mjerilu 1:10 000, dok karta svijeta, koja je karta sitnog mjerila, može biti u mjerilu 1:100 000 000.

Sljedeća tablica opisuje tipične raspone za ova mjerila, ali se ne treba smatrati mjerodavnim jer ne postoji standard:

Izrazi se ponekad koriste u apsolutnom smislu tablice, a nekad u relativnom smislu. Na primjer, čitač karata čiji se rad odnosi isključivo na karte velikih razmjera (kao što je gore prikazano u tablici) mogao bi označiti kartu na 1:500 000 kao sitno mjerilo.

Varijacija mjerila
Kartiranje velikih površina uzrokuje primjetna izobličenja jer značajno izravnava zakrivljenu površinu zemlje. Kako će se distorzija distribuirati ovisi o projekciji karte. Mjerilo varira na karti, a navedeno mjerilo karte samo je približno. O tome se detaljno raspravlja u nastavku.

Karte krupnog mjerila sa zanemarenom zakrivljenošću
Područje u kojem se Zemlja može smatrati ravnom ovisi o točnosti mjerenja. Ako se izmjeri samo na najbliži metar, tada se zakrivljenost Zemlje ne može otkriti na meridijanskoj udaljenosti od oko 100 kilometara (62 milje) i preko linije istok-zapad od oko 80 km (na geografskoj širini od 45 stupnjeva). Ako se mjeri na najbliži 1 millimetar, tada se zakrivljenost ne može otkriti na meridijanskoj udaljenosti od oko 10 km i preko linije istok-zapad od oko 8 km. Tako bi plan New Yorka točan do jednog metra ili plan gradilišta točan do jednog milimetra zadovoljili gornje uvjete za zanemarivanje zakrivljenosti. Mogu se tretirati snimanjem u ravnini i mapirati crtežima u mjerilu u kojima su bilo koje dvije točke na istoj udaljenosti na crtežu na istoj udaljenosti na tlu. Istinske udaljenosti tla izračunavaju se mjerenjem udaljenosti na karti, a zatim množenjem obrnutim ulomkom mjerila ili, ekvivalentno, jednostavnim korištenjem razdjelnika za prijenos razmaka između točaka na karti do linearnog mjerila na karti.

Bodovna ljestvica (ili određena ljestvica)

Kao što je dokazano Gaussovom teoremom Egregium, kugla (ili elipsoid) se ne može projicirati na ravninu bez izobličenja. To se obično ilustrira nemogućnošću zaglađivanja narančine kore na ravnu površinu, a da je ne trgnete i deformirate. Jedini pravi prikaz sfere u konstantnom mjerilu je druga sfera kao što je globus.

S obzirom na ograničenu praktičnu veličinu globusa, moramo koristiti karte za detaljno kartiranje. Karte zahtijevaju projekcije. Projekcija implicira izobličenje: Konstantno razdvajanje na karti ne odgovara stalnom razdvajanju na tlu. Iako karta može prikazati grafičko mjerilo traka, mjerilo se mora koristiti s razumijevanjem da će biti točno samo na nekim linijama karte.

Simbol omjera
Dok se dvotočka često koristi za izražavanje omjera, Unicode može izraziti simbol specifičan za omjere, koji je sitno podignut: U+2236 ∶ RATIO (∶).

Izvori

[[Kategorija:Kartografija]]
[[Kategorija:Stranice s nepregledanim prijevodima]]

Mjerilo (kartografija)


Martina Honecker (* 21. November 1980) ist eine ehemalige deutsche Fußballspielerin.

Karriere
Honecker spielte zunächst in der Bayern- und Regionalliga für den SC Marktbreit und den TSV Uengershausen. Von 2005 bis 2008 spielte sie für den TSV Crailsheim und bestritt dort 21 Zweit-, sowie 16 Erstligaspiele. Im Sommer 2008 wechselte sie zusammen mit ihren Mitspielerinnen Stefanie Kübler und Julia Manger zum damaligen Bayernligisten ETSV Würzburg, mit dem sie in den Jahren 2010 und 2011 in die Regional- bzw. Zweite Bundesliga aufsteigen konnte. In der Saison 2013/14 ließ sie ihre Karriere in der Landesligamannschaft Würzburgs ausklingen.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Fußballspieler (TSV Crailsheim)
Fußballspieler (ETSV Würzburg)
Deutscher
Geboren 1980
Frau

Martina Honecker


El gorrión montés oliváceo o saltón de cabeza oscura (Atlapetes fuscoolivaceus) es una especie de ave de la familia Passerellidae, endémica de Colombia.

Hábitat
Vive en los Andes, entre los 1.600 y 2.400 m de altitud, en los arbustos del brde del bosque y en prados arbolados.

Descripción
Mide 18 cm de longitud. Presenta la cabeza y banda malar negras parduzcas; el resto de las partes superiores oliva negruzco, con las alas y la cola más oscuras; las partes inferiores son de color amarillo brillante, con matices oliváceos en los flancos.

Referencias

fuscoolivaceus
Aves endémicas de Colombia
Aves de América del Sur
Taxones descritos por Frank Chapman

Atlapetes fuscoolivaceus


Die Route nationale 766, kurz N 766 oder RN 766, war eine französische Nationalstraße, die von 1933 bis 1973 zwischen Blois und Seiches-sur-le-Loir verlief. Ihre Länge betrug 129,5 Kilometer.

Weblinks
 Route nationale française 766 auf WikiSara (französisch)

766
Straße in Centre-Val de Loire
Straße in Pays de la Loire

Route nationale 766


Der Gangesdelfin (Platanista gangetica) ist eine sehr seltene Zahnwalart, die in Nordindien und Bangladesch im Ganges, Brahmaputra, Meghna und Karnaphuli endemisch ist. Die Gesamtpopulation wird auf wenige 100 bis auf einige 1000 Exemplare geschätzt, die heute vor allem im gemeinsamen Delta von Ganges und Brahmaputra sowie im unteren Sangu in Bangladesh leben. Das Verbreitungsgebiet hat sich seit dem 19. Jahrhundert stark verkleinert. In Nepal ist die Art fast ausgestorben.

Merkmale
Der Gangesdelfin wird maximal 2,6 Meter lang und kann ein Gewicht von über 108 kg erreichen. Weibchen sind größer und haben eine längere Schnauze. Das Kopfprofil ist durch die auffällige Melone steil und abgerundet. Auf der Melone findet sich ein länglicher, unebener Kamm, an dessen hinteren Endes das längliche, schlitzartige Blasloch liegt. Die über den Mundwinkeln liegenden Augen sind kaum entwickelt und winzig. Die Schnauze ist abgeflacht, gavialartig lang und sehr schlank. Der vordere, knollenartig verdickte Teil ist mit zahlreichen, länglichen und scharfen Zähnen besetzt, die auch bei geschlossenem Maul sichtbar bleiben. Das Genick der Tiere ist für Wale ungewöhnlich flexibel und beweglich. Der Rücken ist flach und breit. Auf dessen hinterem Abschnitt liegt die flache, dreieckige Finne, die in einem niedrigen Grat endet, der sich bis auf die breite Fluke erstreckt. Die Fluke ist hinten konkav und hat lange, spitze Enden. Die Flipper sind breit und paddelartig. Ihre Hinterkanten sind flach oder gewellt, so dass ein fingerartiger Eindruck entsteht.

Gangesdelfine sind olivgelb, olivbraun, graubraun oder graublau gefärbt. Die Bauchseite ist heller, oft rosig. Jungtiere sind einheitlich grau gefärbt.

Die Tiere ernähren sich von Fischen und Garnelen und können mindestens 28 Jahre alt werden.

Oberflächenverhalten
Der Gangesdelfin lebt in kleinen Gruppen, allein oder paarweise. Er schwimmt normalerweise langsam und springt selten. Sprünge sind jedoch durch das laute Platschen auffällig. Die Fluke ist dabei nur selten sichtbar. Tauchgänge dauern zwischen 30 Sekunden und mehrere Minuten. Gegenüber Menschen ist er scheu.

Fortpflanzung
Weibchen werden mit einer Länge von zwei Meter geschlechtsreif, Männchen bei 1,7 Meter Länge. Die Tragzeit beträgt etwa ein Jahr. Neugeborene sind 65 bis 90 cm lang und wiegen etwa 6,5 kg. Sie nehmen schon im Alter von einem bis zwei Monaten feste Nahrung zu sich, werden aber erst im Alter von fast einem Jahr entwöhnt.

Systematik
Dem Gangesdelfin wurde ursprünglich der Indusdelfin als Unterart zugerechnet, der sich äußerlich nicht vom Gangesdelfin unterscheidet. Heute besteht keine Einigkeit über die Taxonomie: In der Datenbank Mammal Species of the World wird der Gangesdelfin als eigenständige Art geführt, während zum Beispiel er auf der Roten Liste der IUCN und von der Society for Marine Mammalogy unter dem Namen Platanista gangetica gangetica als Unterart von Platanista gangetica geführt wird, welche nach dieser Einteilung auch den Indusdelfin umfasst. Taxonomische Kategorien wie Art und Unterart sind stets eine modellhafte Beschreibung von evolutionären Verwandtschaftsverhältnissen, weswegen es häufiger zu derartigen uneinheitlichen Klassifizierungen kommen kann.

Bedrohung

Der Gangesdelfin wird auf der Roten Liste der IUCN als stark gefährdet (endangered) geführt. Eine Schätzung des Gesamtbestandes ist schwierig, einer Schätzung von 2014 zufolge beträgt der Gesamtbestand um 3500 Tiere. Die Populationszahlen sind vermutlich rückläufig, das Verbreitungsgebiet scheint sich ebenfalls zu verkleinern. Die Bedrohungsursachen sind hauptsächlich Veränderung des Habitats durch menschliche Aktivität (wie zum Beispiel Verschmutzung und Veränderung des Wasserstandes), sowie die Zersplitterung, insbesondere durch Staudämme, in kleine Populationen, welche genetisch verarmen und vom Aussterben bedroht bzw. bereits ausgestorben sind (siehe Abbildung). Der Druck durch lokale Fischerei wächst, welche als Konkurrenz um Fischressourcen eine Gefahr darstellt. Es wird aber auch angenommen, dass insbesondere Jungtiere als Beifang enden. Die relativ geringe Reproduktionsrate und späte Geschlechtsreife (im Alter von zwischen 6 und 10 Jahren) erschweren eine schnelle Anpassung an Veränderungen.

Literatur
 Hadoram Shirihai: Meeressäuger. Alle 129 Arten weltweit. Illustriert von Brett Jarett. Franckh-Kosmos Verlags GmbH, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-11277-9.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (Hrsg.): Platanista gangetica in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).
 Platanista gangetica in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2019. Eingestellt von: Braulik, G.T. & Smith, B.D., 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T41758A151913336.en.

Wale
Ganges

Gangesdelfin


Zaidee Jackson () a fost dansatoare, actriță și cântăreață americană de muzică jazz și muzică pop,  foarte cunoscută în Franța, Regatul Unit și România în perioada interbelică și în anii 1950 și 1960.

Biografie
Zaide Jackson s-a născut în iarna anului 1898, în Augusta, statul american Georgia, avându-i drept părinții pe C.J. and Alice Jackson. Zaide a avut trei frați mai mari, Ora Lee, Era și Sol Jackson. Mama ei a divorțat de soțul ei luând-o pe Zaidee cu ea și mutându-se în Boston, statul american Massachusetts. În 1923 îl întâlnește pe James Jackson cu care se căsătorește, dar mariajul este un eșec. În acest timp îl întâlnește pe pianistul Lawrence Brown.

Carieră
Cariera și-o începe ca membră a ansamblului episcopului Andrew, având turnee prin întraga America de Sud, apoi se alătură unei trupe cu care are turneu în Canada. Obține roluri în show-uri de mare succes: Lulu Belle și Desire of 1927, în care a jucat alături de Adelaide Hall. După aceste show-uri Lawewnce Brown o convinge să meargă alături de el și Paul Robenson în Franța.

Astfel, în anul 1927 ajunge în Franța și în luna februarie este angajată pentru câteva săptămâni la Clubul Kit Kat înainte de a concerta împreună cu o trupă franceză pe toată coasta Franței. Interpretările ei au impresionat membrii elitei britanice, pe Elsa Maxwell, ducele de Kent și contesa de Carnavon, care o aduc în Marea Britanie, unde va cânta la postul de radio BBC. În 1929 se reîntoarce în Franța unde i se oferă roluri de dansatoare în Chez Florence, Boeuf Sur Le Toit și Bal Negre. După căderea economică a Franței din 1934, Zaidee va performa în România, unde îl întâlnește pe Barbu Neamțu, un inginer mecanic român și reprezentant Ford cu care se căsătorește. După război, în 1965 ea se reîntoarce în America. În 15 decembrie 1970, moare în statul Connecticut.

Note

Legături externe
 Zaidee Jackson pe Newspapers.com
 Despre Zaidee Jackson pe World Cat
  Zaidee Jackson pe Gallica
 Zaidee Jackson pe IMDB

Nașteri în 1898
Nașteri pe 30 decembrie
Decese în 1970
Decese pe 15 decembrie
Actrițe americane din secolul al XX-lea
Actrițe de radio române
Actrițe de revistă române
Actrițe de teatru române
Actrițe de voce române
Actrițe de vodevil române
Actrițe franceze din secolul al XX-lea
Actrițe române din secolul al XX-lea
Actrițe de film americane

Zaidee Jackson


Cutterhead er en dansk film fra 2019. Filmen er instrueret af Rasmus Kloster Bro.

Medvirkende
 Christine Sønderris som Rie
 Samson Semere som Bharan
 Kresimir Mikic som Ivo
 Salvatore Striano som Alfredo
 Adrian Heili som Adrian
 Lilli Fernanda Kondrup som Datter
 Rasmus Hammerich som Røgdykker (stremme)
 Anders Nylander Thomsen som Røgdykker

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2018
Dramafilm fra Danmark

Cutterhead


Wickham Market Hoard er et fund, bestående af 840 guldstater, som i marts 2008 blev fundet på en mark ved Dallinghoo ved Wickham Market i Suffolk i England ved hjælp af metaldetektorer. Den 16. marts 2008 blev en mønt opdaget af Michael Dark, som først ønskede at være anonym, men senere gav sig til kende. En uge senere fandt han yderligere otte mønter. Fundet består af 840 mønter dateret til 40 f.Kr. - 15 e.Kr. Det er det største fund af guldmønter i Storbritannien, som er blevet undersøgt tilbundsgående. I juni 2011 blev mønterne købt af Ipswich Museum for £316.000.

Udgravningen
British Museum og Suffolk County Council indledte udgravningen den 14. oktober 2008. Undersøgelserne viste, at mønterne var begravet i en indhegnet grøft, som formentlig har religiøs betydning. I løbet af udgravningen fandt man 824 mønter. Analyser af omgivelserne og fundstedet har været benyttet til at datere de fundne genstande til ca. 15 e.Kr.

Betydning
Skatten var den største af sin art siden et fund i 1849. Undersøgelserne har ikke godtgjort årsagen til, at den blev nedgravet, men blandt de fremførte teorier er der forslag om, at den har været skjult til gavn for fællesskabet, og at er begravet for at undgå, at en fjendtlig hær tog den med som bytte.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Jernalder
Suffolk
Arkæologiske fund fra Storbritannien
Genstande i guld
Depotfund

Wickham Market Hoard


Im Himmelreich ist ein Naturschutzgebiet in der niedersächsischen Stadt Lehrte in der Region Hannover.

Das Naturschutzgebiet mit dem Kennzeichen NSG HA 045 ist 9 Hektar groß. Es grenzt nach Norden und Westen an das Landschaftsschutzgebiet "Obere Burgdorfer Aue". Das Gebiet steht seit dem 9. November 1956 unter Naturschutz. Zuständige untere Naturschutzbehörde ist die Region Hannover.

Das Naturschutzgebiet liegt östlich von Lehrte und stellt einen strukturreichen Eichen-Hainbuchenwald unter Schutz, der sich auf dem zerklüfteten Gelände eines ehemaligen Abbaubereichs entwickelt hat. Der Wald ist von einem artenreichen Saum umgeben, daneben sind Gebüschstrukturen mit Hasel, Schlehe und Weißdorn sowie in nassen Senken Weidengebüsch zu finden. Im Süden ist ein Teil eines Sees in das Schutzgebiet einbezogen. Stellenweise hat sich Feuchtgrünland entwickelt.

Das Gebiet grenzt im Süden an die Burgdorfer Aue sowie die Bahnstrecke Berlin–Lehrte, im Osten an eine öffentliche Straße.

Weblinks

Naturschutzgebiet in der Region Hannover
Waldschutzgebiet in Niedersachsen
Geographie (Lehrte)
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa
Waldgebiet in Europa

Im Himmelreich (Naturschutzgebiet)


Granulometrijski sastav (kasnolat. granulum: zrnce + grč. μέτρον: mjera), u graditeljstvu, je pokazatelj masenog udjela pojedinih frakcija (dio neke smjese) zrna u tlu ili kakvom zrnatom materijalu, a koje obuhvaćaju sva zrna određenog promjera. Osobito je važan pri odabiru mineralnog agregata (na primjer šljunak, tucanik) koji će se ugraditi u betonsku smjesu, jer pravilna (odgovarajuća) zastupljenost zrna svih veličina osigurava dobru popunjenost šupljina. Određuje se sijanjem za krupnozrnate materijale (zrna promjera većega od 0,06 mm), te areometriranjem za sitnozrnata tla. Sijanjem uzorka tla kroz niz sita sve manjih otvora, važe se ostatak uzorka na svakom situ i određuju maseni udjeli pripadajućih frakcija. Granulometrijski sastav prikazuje se grafom na kojem je na apscisi promjer oka sita u logaritamskome mjerilu, a na ordinati maseni udio zrna što prolaze kroz sito određena promjera oka. Postupak areometriranja zasniva se na postupnom odvajanju (separaciji) zrna pojedinih frakcija u isprva jednoličnoj suspenziji razmućena tla u vodi. Mjerenjem gustoće suspenzije areometrom u određenim vremenskim razmacima određuje se granulometrijska krivulja.

Izvori

Koloidni sustavi
Građevinski materijali

Granulometrijski sastav


Akpınar, Kırşehir iline bağlı bir ilçedir.

Temmuz 1987 tarihinde ilçe olmuştur. Yüzölçümü 528 km², yüksekliği 1.150 metredir. İlçede 1 belediyesi, 6 mahalle ve 26 köy vardır.

İlçe, devlet karayolu üzerinde olduğundan gelişmeye müsaittir. Başlıca geçim kaynağı tarım ve hayvancılık olan halkın, gelir seviyesi düşüktür. Tarım arazisi engebelidir. Kırşehir ilinin en yeşil ilçesidir. Özellikle temiz havası ve her mevsim akan soğuk ve temiz suyu ile bilinir. İlçenin cevizi kalite ve lezzet bakımından ün salmıştır. İlçe nüfusunun bir kısmı yurtdışında işçilik yaparak geçimlerini sağlamaktadır. Özellikle Hollanda, Fransa ve Almanya da çalışanlar çoğunluktadır. İnşaat işlerinde soğuk demircilik yapan ustaları sayesinde Türkiye' nin en deneyimli soğuk demir ustaları bu ilçeden çıkmaktadır. Özellikle Türki ülkeler de iş yapan çok sayıda işçisi vardır.

Coğrafya
İç Anadolu Bölgesinin orta Kızılırmak bölümünde kalan Akpınar İlçesi, güneyinde Kırşehir, kuzey batısında Kırıkkale İli Keskin İlçesi, batısında Kaman, kuzey doğusunda Akçakent, il ve ilçelerde karayolları ile bağlantısı bulunmaktadır. Karasal iklime sahip olan ilçede dere ve küçük akarsular yönünden zengin olduğu görülmektedir. Orman bakımından yoksun olan ilçe bozkır görünümündedir. Vadi tabanı sulak yerlerinde kavak, meyve bahçeleri ve şeker pancarı ilçe tarımı açısından önemli yer oluşturmaktadır. İlçede sulama göleti ve bazı hastalıklara iyi geldiği düşünülen birden fazla sıcak su kaynağı bulunmaktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 YerelNET

Akpınar


Gerhard Linn (* 12. August 1935 in Berlin; † 11. August 2022 in Heidelberg) war ein deutscher evangelisch-lutherischer Theologe, Pfarrer und Ökumeniker.

Leben
Linn erwarb nach dem Besuch der Volksschule und einer weiterführenden Einrichtung seine Hochschulreife. Danach studierte er Evangelische Theologie in Jena und Berlin. Von 1958 bis 1966 war er Vikar und Pfarrer in Thüringen. Von 1966 bis 1978 wurde er zum Leiter des Missionarischen Dienstes der Evangelischen Kirche in Berlin-Brandenburg berufen. Danach arbeitete er in der Theologischen Studienabteilung des Bundes der Evangelischen Kirchen in der DDR. Er hielt Kontakte und pflegte die Beziehungen des Kirchenbundes zu den ökumenischen Gremien Konferenz der Europäischen Kirchen (KEK) und dem Ökumenischen Rat der Kirchen (ÖRK).

Gerhard Linn beteiligte sich an der Arbeit der Christlichen Friedenskonferenz (CFK) und war Teilnehmer der I. Allchristlichen Friedensversammlung (ACFV) 1961 in Prag.

Nach der Wende wurde er Gemeindepfarrer in Schönerlinde und Schönwalde. Nebenher arbeitete er weiterhin wissenschaftlich in theologischen Zeitschriften und Standard-Lexika wie dem Werk "Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart" mit.

Veröffentlichungen
Ihr sollt meine Zeugen sein: geht hin. Frankfurt am Main Lembeck, 2004
Schritte der Hoffnung. Neukirchener Verlag, Neukirchen-Vluyn 1999
Hear what the spirit says to the churches. WCC Publ., Genf ca. 1994
Emilio Castro. 1. Aufl. Union-Verlag, Berlin 1990
Gespräch mit dem Neuen Testament. Evangelische Haupt-Bibelges., Berlin 1970
Gespräch mit dem Alten Testament. Evangelische Haupt-Bibelges., Berlin 1969
Konferenz europäischer Kirchen (KEK). In: RGG, 4. Band, Sp. 1541–43
Zur Arbeit des Missionarischen Dienstes der Evangelischen Kirche Berlin-Brandenburg 1966–1973. Typoskript, 1975
Der Ökumenische Rat der Kirchen und die Kirchen in Osteuropa. In: Evangelische Akademie Berlin-Brandenburg (Hg.): Die Staat-Kirche-Beziehungen in der DDR und anderen ehemals sozialistischen Ländern 1945 bis 1989. S. 79–82
Die missionarische Aufgabe der Kirche in den Umbrüchen Osteuropas. In: ZIM 16, 1990, 97–103
Ökumene. Hoffnung für eine gespaltene Menschheit? EVA, Leipzig 1992

Einzelnachweise

Lutherischer Geistlicher (20. Jahrhundert)
Mitglied der Christlichen Friedenskonferenz
Person des Christentums (Berlin)
Person des Christentums (DDR)
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren 1935
Gestorben 2022
Mann

Gerhard Linn


Ninhursag veya Ki, Sümer mitolojisindeki ana-tanrıça, Yer tanrıçasıdır. Genellikle Enlil'in kız kardeşi olarak gösterilir.

Ninhursag "Sıradağların Tanrıçası" mânâsına gelir. Bunun dışında başka birçok ismi vardır: Nintus "Doğum Tanrıçası", Ninmah "Ağustos Tanrıçası", Dingirmah, Aruru ve Enki'nin eşi olarak çoğunlukla Damgalnuna olarak da anılır.

Akadda ise Belit-ili yani "Tanrıların Tanrıçası" ve Mama, Ea'nın eşi olarak da Damkina diye anılmıştır. Zamanla İştar'ın önemi arttıkça onun itibarı ve önemi düşmüşse de, Babilin baş tanrısı Marduk'un annesi Damkina olarak panteonda her zaman önemli bir yer tutmuştur.

Ayrıca Enki'den Ninsar isimli bir kızı da olmuştur.

Kaynakça
 Encyclopedia Mythica

Sümer mitolojisi
Ana tanrıçalar
Yeryüzü tanrıçaları
Dağ tanrıçaları
Mezopotamya tanrıçaları
Koruyucu tanrılar
Bereket tanrıçaları

Ninhursag


The National League (NL) is a professional ice hockey league in Switzerland and is the top tier of the Swiss league system. Prior to the 2017–18 season, the league was known as National League A. During the 2018–19 season, the league had an average of 6,949 spectators per game which is the highest among European leagues (ahead of the KHL with 6,397 and the DEL with 6,215). The capital city's club SC Bern has been ranked first of all European clubs for 18 seasons and had an average attendance of 16,290 after the regular season. The ZSC Lions are another club in the top ten of European ice hockey attendance, ranking seventh with 9,694 spectators.

Teams from the NL participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the European/Asian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the NL was ranked the No. 2 league in Europe, allowing it to send its top five teams to compete in the CHL.

Season structure
During the regular season, each of the 14 teams play 52 games. The top eight teams after the regular season qualify for the playoffs to determine the Swiss champion in best-of-seven series. The bottom four teams in the standings play a relegation tournament, called playouts, in which each team retains their regular season points and play an additional six matches. Following those matches, the two bottom ranked teams will play each other in a best-of-seven series, with the loser then playing the winner of the Swiss League playoffs in a best-of-seven series for a spot in the successive NL season.

Current teams

Import players
The current gentlemen's agreement allows teams to dress a maximum of six non-Swiss players for each game. There is no official rule as it would be against Swiss laws to limit foreign workers in a given enterprise. This agreement is not directly related to Swiss citizenship as players with different nationalities but with Swiss player-licenses are considered Swiss players, thus they do not count as import players. Current examples of this scenario are Deniss Smirnovs and Eliot Berthon with Genève-Servette HC and Floran Douay and Ronalds Ķēniņš with Lausanne HC. They all play with Swiss player-licenses as they have spent a good majority of their childhoods playing hockey with junior teams in Switzerland yet they do not possess Swiss citizenships. Such players would not be able to play in the NL if it was not for their Swiss player-licenses as they would not be considered good enough to use an import player spot on any team. Those spots are usually reserved for players who have had good NHL careers or players with great stats and performances in the AHL, SHL, KHL or Liiga.

The subject of import players has been and still is a huge subject of debates among team owners and GMs. Some of them wish to allow more import players per game in order to reduce the salaries of star Swiss players and the others want to keep that limit lower to allow more Swiss players to play on special units and have top roles on their teams.

Media coverage
NL games are only available in Switzerland and MySports is the league's official broadcaster, airing all regular season and playoffs games. MySports pays CHF 35 million per year to broadcast NL games and selected SL games. Games are available with German, French and Italian commentaries.

Starting with the 2022/23 season, one game will be broadcast live and for free every week on local TVs on Sunday night with a puck drop set to 8pm.

The SRG SSR airs regular season games highlights after each round and two selected games per playoff night in all three languages. Additionally, talk-shows are broadcast live on all 3 channels after each game night, featuring former Swiss players like Gil Montandon, Marco Bührer or Mark Streit.

Past champions

 1938 – HC Davos
 1939 – HC Davos
 1940 – no winner
 1941 – HC Davos
 1942 – HC Davos
 1943 – HC Davos
 1944 – HC Davos
 1945 – HC Davos
 1946 – HC Davos
 1947 – HC Davos
 1948 – HC Davos
 1949 – ZSC Lions
 1950 – HC Davos
 1951 – EHC Arosa
 1952 – EHC Arosa
 1953 – EHC Arosa
 1954 – EHC Arosa
 1955 – EHC Arosa
 1956 – EHC Arosa
 1957 – EHC Arosa
 1958 – HC Davos
 1959 – SC Bern
 1960 – HC Davos
 1961 – ZSC Lions
 1962 – EHC Visp
 1963 – HC Villars
 1964 – HC Villars
 1965 – SC Bern
 1966 – Grasshopper-Club Zürich
 1967 – EHC Kloten
 1968 – HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
 1969 – HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
 1970 – HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
 1971 – HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
 1972 – HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
 1973 – HC La Chaux-de-Fonds
 1974 – SC Bern
 1975 – SC Bern
 1976 – SC Langnau
 1977 – SC Bern
 1978 – EHC Biel
 1979 – SC Bern
 1980 – EHC Arosa
 1981 – EHC Biel
 1982 – EHC Arosa
 1983 – EHC Biel
 1984 – HC Davos
 1985 – HC Davos
 1986 – HC Lugano
 1987 – HC Lugano
 1988 – HC Lugano
 1989 – SC Bern
 1990 – HC Lugano
 1991 – SC Bern
 1992 – SC Bern
 1993 – EHC Kloten
 1994 – EHC Kloten
 1995 – EHC Kloten
 1996 – EHC Kloten
 1997 – SC Bern
 1998 – EV Zug
 1999 – HC Lugano
 2000 – ZSC Lions
 2001 – ZSC Lions
 2002 – HC Davos
 2003 – HC Lugano
 2004 – SC Bern
 2005 – HC Davos
 2006 – HC Lugano
 2007 – HC Davos
 2008 – ZSC Lions
 2009 – HC Davos
 2010 – SC Bern
 2011 – HC Davos
 2012 – ZSC Lions
 2013 – SC Bern
 2014 – ZSC Lions
 2015 – HC Davos
 2016 – SC Bern
 2017 – SC Bern
 2018 – ZSC Lions
 2019 – SC Bern
 2020 – no winner
 2021 – EV Zug
 2022 – EV Zug
 2023 – Genève-Servette HC

Swiss National Championship Serie A (1909–1937)

 1909: HC Bellerive Vevey
 1910: HC La Villa Lausanne
 1911: Club des patineurs de Lausanne
 1912: HC Les Avants
 1913: HC Les Avants
 1914: not played
 1915: not played
 1916: HC Bern
 1917: HC Bern
 1918: HC Bern
 1919: HC Bellerive Vevey
 1920: HC Bellerive Vevey
 1921: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1922: EHC St. Moritz
 1923: EHC St. Moritz
 1924: HC Château-d'Œx
 1925: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1926: HC Davos
 1927: HC Davos
 1928: EHC St. Moritz
 1929: HC Davos
 1930: HC Davos
 1931: HC Davos
 1932: HC Davos
 1933: HC Davos
 1934: HC Davos
 1935: HC Davos
 1936: Zürcher SC
 1937: HC Davos

Swiss International Championship Serie A (1916–1933)

 1916: Akademischer EHC Zürich
 1917: HC Les Avants
 1918: HC Bellerive Vevey
 1919: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1920: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1921: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1922: HC Château-d'Œx
 1923: EHC St. Moritz
 1924: HC Château-d'Œx
 1925: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1926: no winner
 1927: HC Davos
 1928: HC Rosey-Gstaad
 1929: HC Davos
 1930: HC Davos
 1931: HC Davos
 1932: HC Davos
 1933: Grasshopper-Club Zürich

Titles by club

See also
Swiss League
PostFinance Top Scorer

References

External links

 Puck.ch Results of Swiss Ice Hockey – in English, French, German and Italian
 An Analysis Of The Swiss NLA
 All-time standings 1909–2008

Professional ice hockey leagues in Switzerland
Top tier ice hockey leagues in Europe

National League (ice hockey)


Guy Hands (born 27 August 1959) is an English financier and investor. He is most notable as the founder and chairman of Terra Firma Capital Partners, one of the largest private equity firms in Europe. Hands also served as chairman of the UK music company EMI.

Hands is well known for his frequently outspoken comments about the private equity industry. In April 2009 he moved from the UK to Guernsey where Terra Firma is based.

Biography
Hands was born in London, to South African parents, who had lived in Southern Rhodesia. As a small boy he attended Holy Trinity School, Cookham, where he was diagnosed as severely dyslexic. At the age of nine, he was sent to Ravenscroft, a prep school which had a specialist class for dyslexics, and in a Ravenscroft production of Macbeth in 1970 he played the part of Lady Macbeth opposite Christopher Newbury as Macbeth. From there, he went on to The Judd School, at Tonbridge, where there is now a Guy Hands Library.

Hands studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Mansfield College, Oxford. While there, he held the office of Bursar of the Oxford Union and was also President of the Oxford University Conservative Association in Michaelmas Term 1980. Hands later provided funding for construction of the Hands Building at Mansfield College.

Early career
Before arriving at Oxford, Hands started a business selling pictures. Once he was there, it became known as 'Artsake' and employed a number of his fellow students.

Hands started his City career in 1982 as a eurobond trader at Goldman Sachs. He was appointed Head of Eurobond trading in 1986 and later rose to become head of global asset structuring world-wide for Goldman's European division in 1990. In 1994, Hands left Goldman to found Nomura's Principal Finance Group, which focused on European private equity investments.  Hands joined Nomura after three other banks, including Goldman, turned down his investment plan. At Nomura, Hands and his team completed over $20 billion of leveraged buyouts.  By 2000, Hands was reported to have generated profits for the bank in excess of $1.9 billion, making him a star financier in London. Hands' most notable acquisitions at Nomura included Annington Homes, as well as William Hill, the bookmaker, and Angel Trains, the UK rolling stock company. As well, Hands effectively became the UK's biggest pub landlord through a series of acquisitions in the 1990s. In 1996, Hands played a central role in the sale of the Ministry of Defence's 57,400 homes for military personnel and their families to Annington Homes, which had been established earlier that year as a shell company by Nomura, making Annington the largest owner of residential property in England and Wales.

Terra Firma

In 2002, Hands founded Terra Firma Capital Partners, as a spinout from Nomura, which he had built into one of the largest private equity investors in Europe. Terra Firma debuted with a €2 billion private equity fund, immediately making it one of the larger private equity investors in Europe.

The firm's early investments, while still a division of Nomura, focused on housing (Annington Homes), leasing companies and pubs. Since 2002, the firm has made major investments in the waste management (Waste Recycling Group), energy (BGCL, East Surrey Holdings, Phoenix Natural Gas), aircraft leasing (AWAS), cinema (Odeon Cinemas/UCI) and music sectors (EMI). TFCP has also made significant investments in German residential housing (Deutsche Annington) and motorway services (Tank & Rast).

Terra Firma is now also one of the world's leading private equity investors in renewable energy. Its investments include the UK-based green energy business (Infinis), a US wind energy business (EverPower) and an Italian solar energy business (RTR).

Hands and Terra Firma are also known for the failed investment in British music company EMI, which was later taken over by Citigroup, the main lender in the investment. Citigroup took ownership of EMI Group from Terra Firma on 1 February 2011, wiping out the firm's investments and writing off £2.2 billion of debt. Despite implementing an operational turnaround, Terra Firma was reported to have lost $2.5 billion in the EMI transaction, representing roughly one-third of Terra Firma's investor's capital as well as more than 60% of Hands' personal net worth. Hands had spent much of 2010 engaged in litigation with Citigroup, claiming the bank engaged in fraud during its auction of EMI in 2007. The lawsuit went to trial in New York in late 2010 and resulted in a jury finding in favour of Citigroup. This verdict was however overturned in May 2013, after a US federal appeals court found that the American trial judge, Jed Rakoff, had incorrectly instructed the jury on a point of English law.

A new, judge-led trial was heard by Mr Justice Burton in London in June 2016. After two days of evidence, during which Hands admitted on more than one occasion that he didn't have 'that memory anymore', lawyers for Terra Firma withdrew the case with all costs to be borne by Terra Firma. Burton said: "I'm sure this is the right result". Citi said: "We have always maintained that the allegations made by Terra Firma were entirely baseless." Hands said the claims had been brought in good faith, but that documentation and memories of these events after nine years was no longer sufficient to meet the high demands of proof required, and that the matter is now closed.

Other businesses
Hands and his wife own Hand Picked Hotels, a chain of twenty English country house properties, which is run by Julia Hands.

In 2017, Guy and Julia Hands agreed to acquire McDonald's Nordic operations. The Nordic countries consist of approximately 435 restaurants, 95% of which are franchised. The deal would see Hands become the developmental licensee and master franchiser for McDonald's in the region.

In December 2020, Hands took a stake in ROXi, as part of a £13 million fundraiser led by Sun Capital Partners, a company managed by Hugh Osmond, the former owner of PizzaExpress and Center Parcs. ROXi had been founded by Rob Lewis in 2014.

Personal life
While at Oxford, Hands became a friend of William Hague, who in 1984 was best man at his wedding to Julia Caroline Ablethorpe. The couple have two sons and two daughters. His wife's house in Kent, just outside Sevenoaks, was once presented to Winston Churchill, while their estate in Tuscany, Villa Saletta, produces wine and olive oil. The estate's wines have won several awards.

In April 2009, in protest at high British taxes, Hands moved to Guernsey in the Channel Islands. It was reported in February 2010 that since then he had not visited the United Kingdom, and that members of his family were travelling to Guernsey to see him. In 2014, the writer Malcolm Gladwell called the move to Guernsey an "incredibly interesting pathology", viewing departure into tax exile as a significant reverse for Hands to set against the benefits of being immensely wealthy.

In May 2019, Hands admitted to The Sunday Times that he had a food addiction to roast potatoes and gravy and that he had sought treatment from hypnosis to combat it.

Philanthropy
The Hands family support a number of charities including the Prince's Trust, King's College, Cambridge, Duke of Edinburgh Awards, Kids Company, The Eve Appeal, Hospice in the Weald, ICAN, and Outward Bound.

They have also been significant supporters of Mansfield College, Oxford. In recognition of their significant contributions, Mansfield hosts an annual Hands Lecture series, whose speakers have included Lord Mandelson, David Boies and Bob Geldof. Since 2014, the Hands family has donated £2.2 million towards Mansfield's Love Lane building, which will house the University's new Institute of Human Rights.

Hands first donated money to Mansfield College in 1995, and has since been active in its development. One of the areas of change Hands has been vocal on was the decision to focus on providing educational access to 'non-typical students'. The college now claims a UK state school intake of 91.4% compared with just under 60% for the rest of the University - a statistic which Hands stated 'puts Mansfield in a different league'.

Through Terra Firma London, Hands donates 10% of pre-tax profits to the Terra Firma Charitable Trust and Impetus - The Private Equity Foundation, with these donations going to local communities in Southwark in South London where the company has offices.

Hands was named the 2018 Philanthropist of The Year at the annual Spear's Wealth Management Awards for his contributions to a number of charities.

Honours and appointments
 2000 - elected a Global Leader of Tomorrow of the World Economic Forum
 President of Access for Excellence
 Bancroft Fellow of Mansfield College, Oxford
 Member of the University of Oxford Chancellor's Court of Benefactors
 Fellow of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award Scheme

References

External links
Profile: Guy Hands.  The Guardian, 17 January 2008
Guy Hands. Terra Firma Capital Partners website
Guy Hands Blog. Guy Hands Blog Terra Firma Capital Partners website
Hand Picked Hotels (company website)

1959 births
Living people
People from Sevenoaks District
People educated at Ravenscroft School, Somerset
People educated at The Judd School
Presidents of the Oxford University Conservative Association
Alumni of Mansfield College, Oxford
English businesspeople
Private equity and venture capital investors
Place of birth missing (living people)

Guy Hands


A Estação Ferroviária Barneveld Centrum é uma estação ferroviária localizada no município de Barneveld, província de Guéldria, Países Baixos.

Barneveld Centrum

Estação Ferroviária Barneveld Centrum


Cutrigurii (Kutrigurii) au fost un popor de călăreți nomazi apărut în stepele pontico-caspice în secolul al VI-lea. La est de aceștia erau situați , un popor înrudit de aproape cu cutrigurii.

Istoric
Cutrigurii au rămas în istorie pentru a fi atacat și pustiit regiuni din Imperiul Bizantin.

Grousset credea că sunt rămășițe ale hunilor.  Procopius povestește că "în trecut mulți huni, numiți atunci cimerieni, locuiau ținuturile pe care le-am menționat deja. Toți aveau un singur rege. La un moment dat, unul dintre regii lor a avut doi fii:  Utigur și  Cutrigur. După moartea tatălui lor, au împărțit puterea și au dat numele lor popoarelor pe care le conduceau, astfel încât chiar și în zilele noastre unii sunt numiți utiguri iar alții - cutriguri". Ei au ocupat zona de stepă tanaitică - maeotică (Don - Azov), cutrigurii în partea de vest, iar utrigurii spre est.

În 551, o armată cutrigură de 12.000 de oameni puternici, conduși de mai mulți comandanți, inclusiv Chinialon, a venit dinspre "partea de vest a Lacului Maeotic (astăzi Marea Azov)" pentru a-i ajuta pe gepizi în război cu longobarzii. Mai târziu, alături de gepizi, au prădat ținuturile bizantine. Cu toate acestea, împăratul Iustinian I (cel Mare) (527-565), prin măsuri diplomatice și mituiri, i-a atras pe cutriguri și utiguri într-un război fratricid. Utigurii conduși de Sandilch i-au atacat pe cutriguri, care au suferit pierderi mari.

Cutrigurii au încheiat un tratat de pace cu Imperiul Bizantin și 2000 de cutriguri în galop, împreună cu soțiile și copiii lor, conduși de Sinnion, au intrat  în serviciul imperial și s-au stabilit în Tracia. Modul prietenos în care au fost tratați cutrigurii nu a fost acceptat cu plăcere de Sandilch. În iarna anului 558, o mare armată de cutriguri conduși de Zabergan a trecut Dunărea înghețată, împărțiți în trei secțiuni; una spre Termopile, în timp ce celelalte două s-au îndreptat spre Chersones și periferia Constantinopolului. În martie 559, Zabergan a atacat Constantinopolul, o parte din forțele sale constând din 7000 de călăreți.

O amenințare gravă pentru stabilitatea Imperiului Bizantin, potrivit cronicarilor Procopius, Agathias și Menandru, cutrigurii și utigurii s-au decimat între ei.  Cutrigurii rămași au fost măturați de avari spre Pannonia (hanul avar Bayan I în 568 a poruncit celor 10.000 de huni cutriguri să treacă râul Sava, în timp ce, mai târziu, Κοτζαγηροί (Kotzagiroi, eventual cutriguri), Ταρνιάχ (Tarnzach) și Ζαβενδὲρ (Zabender) au fugit la avarii din calea turcilor. Utigurii au rămas în stepa pontică și au căzut sub dominația turcilor.

Vezi și
 Onogurii
 Vechii bulgari

Note

Referințe

Secolul al VI-lea
Istoria popoarelor turcice
Popoare turcice
Evul Mediu timpuriu
Nomazi eurasiatici
Popoare migratoare

Cutriguri


Bağdat Köşkü, İstanbul'da Topkapı Sarayı içinde bulunan bir köşktür.

Kitabesi revan köşkü ile aynı olan Bağdat köşkünün yapımına, IV. Murat Bağdat seferine giderken başlanmış ve 1639 yılında da yapımı bitirilmiştir. Ancak Naima'nın yazdıklarından köşkün iç mekanındaki süslemelerine IV. Murat'ın ölümünden sonra da bir süre daha devam edildiği anlaşılmaktatır.

	Bağdat köşkünün plan şeması yine IV. Murat tarafından yaptırılmış olan Revan köşkü'nün planı ile benzerlik göstermektedir. Köşkün planı, kubbeli mekanın dört eyvanla genişletildiği sekizgen şemadan oluşmaktadır. Eyvanların mekandan daha fazla yararlanabilmek hatta manzara yönlerini arttırmak amacıyla kullanıldığı düşünülebilir.

	Dekorasyonu ile klasik Osmanlı sanatının en yüksek noktasını temsil edebilecek özelliklere sahip olan Bağdat köşkünde kullanılan çinilerin, o döneme ait ahkam defterleri eksik olduğundan nerede yaptırıldığı saptanamamıştır. Bu dönemdeki Osmanlı çiniciliğinin en seçkin örnekleri olarak gösterilen bu çiniler bir önceki yüzyılda yapılmış çinilerle karıştırılarak kullanılmış olabilir. Öte yandan köşkün iç ve dış mekanlarında boya ve sıva yerine renkli mermerlerle beraber çini kullanımı, değişime karşı bir tutum olarak da kabul edilebilir. Zira bu yapılar için çini, sürekli kullanımı gerektiren bir kaplama malzemesi olarak tercih edilmiştir. Köşkün tavan süslemeleriyle de klasik devrin tesiri altında kaldığı ve bunların XVII. Yüzyılın ilk yarısının en önemli tavan süslemeleri olarak değerlendirilmelerine karşın cephe kaplama biçimlerindeki yenilik, köşkte klasik Osmanlı sanatıyla beraber yeni arayışların da etkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

	Köşk günlük saray yaşamında padişahın sabah namazından sonra kahvesini içtiği dinlenme mekanı olduğu gibi önemli tarihi olaylara da sahne olmuştur. Sonraki dönemlerde I. Abdülhamit (1774-1789) ve III. Selim (1789-1807) dönemlerinde köşk has odanın kütüphanesi olarak kullanılmıştır.

I. Abdülaziz döneminde (1830-1876) köşkün revaklarının arası ahşap doğramalı camekanlarla kapatılmıştır.V Mehmet Reşat döneminde (1912) revaklar arasındaki ahşap doğramalar kaldırtılmış fakat 1939 yılında bu revakların arası, demir doğramalı camekanlarla kapatılmıştır. 1972 yılında da bu demir doğramalı camekanlarla kapatılmıştır. 1972 yılında da bu demir doğramalar tekrar kaldırılarak Bağdat Köşkü bugünkü görünümüne kavuşmuştur.

	Kesme taştan inşa edilmiş yapının kaide kısmındaki taş örgüler kaplanmamıştır. Asıl köşk katında ise duvarlar mermer kaplamaların ardında gizlenmiştir. Köşkün revaklarını oluşturan kemerler beyaz mermer ve kırmızı hereke taşından örülmüştür. Kemerler arasında kalan beyaz mermer yüzeylerin içine de kemer bingilerinin üzerine gelecek biçimde hem içte hem dışta dairesel kırmızı porfir kakılmıştır. Revağı oluşturan kemerler beyaz mermer sütunlardan olup, başlıkları badem moriflidir. Revağın döşemesi kesme taşla kaplanmış tavanı ise çıtalarla bezenmiş ve yeşile boyanmış ahşap kaplamadır. Revak sütunları arasında beyaz mermerden yapılmış şebekeli korkuluklar yer alır. Dış cephe alt pencerenin üst kotundan sonra beyaz zemin üzerine enginar ve nar çiçekleriyle bezenmiş çinilerle kaplanmıştır.

	Alt pencere ile baş pencereler çift sıra giden mavi renkli bordürlerle çerçevelenmiştir. Köşkün iç mekanı ise pencere ve kapı söveleri ile dolap kapakları dışında zeminden kubbe kasnağına kadar çinilerle kaplanmıştır. Alt pencerelerin üst hizasında köşkün duvarları boyunca devam eden çini kitabede Besmele ile başlayan Ayet-el Kürsi ve La ikrahe fiddin ayeti vardır.

	Bağdat köşkünün kapı ve pencereleri ile dolap kapakları abanoz ağacından yapılmıştır. Köşkün asıl kapısı dışındaki diğer üç kapısı ile pencere ve dolap kapakları fildişi sedef ve bağa kakmalıdır. Zemin altıgen tuğla kaplanmış olup alt pencerenin parmaklıkları da geometrik formlu şebekelerden oluşmaktadır.

Bağdat Köşkü, 2006 yılı sonunda alınan karar ile İl Özel İdaresi tarafından, projesi ve uygulaması İstanbul Rölöve ve Anıtlar Müdürlüğü denetiminde restore edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

Diker, Hasan Fırat, Topkapı Sarayında Revan ve Bağdat Köşkleri, Yüksek lisans tezi, Haziran 2000

Dış bağlantılar
 Topkapı Sarayı resmi sitesi

Topkapı Sarayı
İstanbul'daki köşkler

Bağdat Köşkü


Fernando Álvarez oder Fernando Alvarez ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Fernando Álvarez (Sänger) (1928–2002), kubanischer Sänger
 Fernando Alvarez (Wirtschaftswissenschaftler) (Fernando Enrique Alvarez Herrero; * 1964), argentinisch-amerikanischer Wirtschaftswissenschaftler und Hochschullehrer
 Fernando Álvarez de Miranda (1924–2016), spanischer Politiker und Jurist
 Fernando Álvarez de Sotomayor (1875–1960), spanischer Maler
 Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Herzog von Alba (1507–1582), spanischer Feldherr und Staatsmann

Fernando Álvarez


Haptophyta incertae sedis, privremeni naziv onih kromista čije porodice još nisu svrstane nijednom redu i razredu Haptophyta. Na popisu je šest imenovanih porodica s 80 vrsta, uključujući porodicu incertae sedis s 23 vrste.

Porodice
 Alisphaeraceae J.R.Young, Kleijne & Cros in J.R. Young & al. 2003
 Amphimonadaceae Senn, 1900; jedna vrsta
 Braarudosphaeraceae Deflandre, 1947
 Ceratolithaceae R.E.Norris, 1965
 Haptophyta incertae sedis
 Papposphaeraceae R.W.Jordan & J.R.Young 1990
 Umbellosphaeraceae J.R.Young & Kleinje in Young & al. 2003

Izvori

Hacrobia

Haptophyta incertae sedis


Luis Fernando Lugo, Colombia; 14 de julio de 1984) es un exfutbolista colombiano. Jugaba como defensa lateral izquierdo y su equipo final fue el Atlético Bucaramanga de la Categoría Primera B colombiana actualmente es profesor de educación física en el alférez reaL.

Trayectoria
Luis Fernando Lugo debutó como jugador profesional en 2004 con Deportivo Cali y luego ha jugado con  Real Cartagena, Centauros Villavicencio, en Academia Fútbol Club, Atlético Bucaramanga y ahora trabaja en el alférez Alianza Petrolera.

Clubes

Enlaces externos
 Ficha en BDFA

Futbolistas de Colombia
Futbolistas del Atlético Bucaramanga
Futbolistas del Deportivo Cali
Futbolistas del Real Cartagena

Luis Fernando Lugo


Ángel Parra en Chile es el quinto álbum en directo del cantautor chileno Ángel Parra como solista, lanzado originalmente en 1989 y grabado el 6 de mayo de ese mismo año en un concierto en el Teatro Teletón de Santiago de Chile.

Este álbum doble corresponde al primer disco grabado por Ángel Parra en Chile desde su exilio en México y Francia producto de la dictadura militar, siendo por tanto aquel que marca su progresivo regreso al país. La mayoría de las canciones son composiciones de Ángel Parra, salvo algunas creaciones de su madre, Violeta Parra, así como «Te recuerdo, Amanda» de Víctor Jara.

En la música acompañaron al cantautor su hijo Ángel y el músico Pablo Lecaros.

Lista de canciones

Créditos
 Pablo Lecaros: acompañamiento musical
 Ángel Parra (hijo): acompañamiento musical

Referencias

Álbumes de Chile de 1989
Álbumes en vivo de 1989
Álbumes en vivo de Ángel Parra
Álbumes de Alerce
Álbumes dobles

Ángel Parra en Chile


(born April 1, 1967) is a Japanese video game designer best known for creating the Dead or Alive series and also reviving the Ninja Gaiden franchise in 2004. Joining Tecmo in 1992, Itagaki produced two video game franchises that were commercial successes and earned him several promotions; he headed Tecmo's development team, Team Ninja, and sat on the executive board. He left the company after 16 years of service, filing a lawsuit against it for withholding bonus pay. He formed a new company Valhalla Game Studios with several Team Ninja members and released Devil's Third. The company dissolved in December 2021 and he has now formed a new one called Apex Games.

Personal life
Born and raised in Tokyo, Tomonobu Itagaki graduated from Waseda University Senior High School in March 1985. He enrolled in Waseda University and graduated from its School of Law in 1992.

Itagaki is married and has a daughter, whom he has mentioned as one of the primary influences on his projects, including developing Ninja Gaiden: Dragon Sword for the Nintendo DS, and a constant gaming partner in games like the Halo series. Itagaki has in his office a set of katana Japanese swords his father made for him, which he tends to take out to show to his visitors. As he wishes to stop people from reading his expressions during gambling-type games, he is always seen wearing sunglasses, a habit that has become his trademark in the video game community.

Career
Itagaki joined Tecmo in 1992 as a graphics programmer, and initially worked on the Super Famicom version of the American football video game, Super Tecmo Bowl. His career breakthrough came in 1996 with his first Dead or Alive game, a game based on Sega Model 2 hardware (Virtua Fighter) created in response to Tecmo management's request. He was mentored by Yoshiaki Inose (of Solomon's Key, Bomb Jack, Rygar and original Ninja Gaiden fame) and Akihiko Shimoji (Tecmo Bowl) in his early years at Tecmo, and learned from them to include fun as a necessary component in his projects.

His rise through the company had been steady since then. He was appointed as the head of the third creative department in April 2001. He then assumed the post of Team Ninja Leader in July 2001. Tecmo appointed him as an Executive Officer in June 2004. He later assumed the position of General Manager of the high-end production department in February, 2006. His Executive Officer position was however taken away in August the same year, due to him being accused of sexual harassment. He was later judged innocent by a Tokyo district court in June 2007.

The release of Dead or Alive 2 had greatly increased the series popularity, as well as Itagaki's. He had sought to create fighting games with details he felt were lacking in other games. In the later iterations, Itagaki has built the story of the games around themes of family - Kasumi and Ayane in Dead or Alive 3, and Helena in Dead or Alive 4. To date, the series has gone through four iterations with various enhanced editions. A fifth iteration, Dead or Alive 5, was made in his absence and released in September 2012. Dead or Alive 5 received two additional releases of the base title; Dead or Alive 5 Ultimate, which released in September 2013, a year after the original release. The second and final iteration of the game was titled Dead or Alive 5 Last Round and released in February 2015. Given the success of Dead or Alive 5, Team Ninja created a sequel, also without Itagaki's inclusion, and Dead or Alive 6 released in March 2019 and is currently the latest release in the franchise.

In the Dead or Alive Xtreme Beach Volleyball series, Itagaki brought together the girls of Dead or Alive onto an island. The player is to foster good relationship between the girls to create a harmonious winning beach volleyball duo. In the second iteration of the series, the focus is shifted by expanding the number of activities the player can have the girls take part in. He explains the core of the game as a paradise where the player can watch the girls they 'love' enjoy simple activities.

Ninja Gaiden was Itagaki's effort to develop a game centered on violent gameplay, with super ninja Ryu Hayabusa as the protagonist. Capitalizing on the brand name of the earlier NES series, Itagaki developed a critically acclaimed action-adventure game for the Xbox which also had an international online tournament held for it. He continued work on it to release Ninja Gaiden Black as the opus of his Ninja Gaiden work. He continued the series on the Nintendo DS with Ninja Gaiden: Dragon Sword, partly due to a promise made to his daughter. At the same time, he brought the series' next chapter onto the Xbox 360 as Ninja Gaiden II.

Itagaki claims to be one of the very few in the Japanese video game industry to establish communications with the Western world. He suggests other Japanese developers should do like-wise and be aware of the gaming tastes outside Japan, so as to be able to reverse the Japanese gaming industry slump of 2005.

On June 2, 2008, just before the release of Ninja Gaiden II for the Xbox 360, Itagaki announced that he was resigning from Tecmo and was suing the company for withholding a bonus promised for his previous works. He was also suing Tecmo's president Yoshimi Yasuda for damages based on "unreasonable and disingenuous statements" made in front of Itagaki's colleagues. In an interview with 1up.com, Itagaki has revealed that he is working on a project with former members of Team Ninja under a new studio, Valhalla Game Studios. The title in question, Devil's Third, was revealed shortly before E3 2010.

In January 2021, Itagaki announced that he has established a new game studio, Itagaki Games (later renamed Apex Games), and stated that he would be interested in working with Microsoft again. He announced in July 2022 that his company is working on a new NFT game called Warrior.

Works

Design approach

Game design philosophy
Itagaki believes a good game should be an integrated product of good graphics, interactivity, and playability. He also places a high priority on ensuring his games are interactive with the player's actions and respond quickly to the player's inputs. It is this opinion which led to his derogatory statements on Heavenly Sword. He finds the payoff for the game's button-prompting sequences to be less fulfilling than that of Genji: Dawn of the Samurai's (whose Kamui sequences he calls dumb, but entertaining). Likewise, he cited Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty and Final Fantasy X as games lacking the interactivity appealing to him.

Itagaki professes a liking for simplicity of inputs, he states too many inputs would result in the loss of the gaming experience. As such, he respects Sega-AM2 for their work on Virtua Fighter 4, while maintaining his claim that Dead or Alive 3 is still a better game. Likewise, he deplores implementing scenarios to show off technology just for the sake of it, sarcastically asking what is the point of cutting down "thousand heads of cabbages on screen." In his integration mindset, everything (graphics, controllers, interactiveness, responsiveness, etc.) has its place, even CG pre-rendered cutscenes which he says can deliver a better cinematic experience of some scenes than doing them in real-time.

Opinions on hardware
As a game developer, Itagaki has defined his philosophy as being able to extract the strengths of a game machine, and integrate them together to develop games to a level no one else can reach. He defines a game developer's satisfaction with a game machine as dependent upon these criteria. With this philosophy, he continually expresses happiness in developing on the Xbox 360, proclaiming it to be more 'software friendly' than the PlayStation 3. Furthermore, he admires the Nintendo Wii's dedication to innovation, which he holds in high regard for the spirit of gaming.  Itagaki claimed that he wanted to develop his games for the Xbox 360. He viewed the Xbox 360 as the most powerful console on the market at the time of its design.

Itagaki has also spoken of his handheld philosophy which goes for responsiveness and physical interaction, instead of raw hardware power. As such, Itagaki refuses to make a handheld game for the PlayStation Portable (PSP), stating it goes against the design philosophy of being a handheld device. He says a game created, based on the specifications of the PSP, would be more suited for a true home console. This view is reflected in his statements on why Ninja Gaiden: Dragon Sword as a handheld game has to be designed to take advantage of the Nintendo DS' touchpad rather than conventional inputs which would have rendered it a typical game.

Pet projects
Itagaki classifies his projects into core projects (for business and technical excellence purposes), and those purely for self-fulfillment. The Dead or Alive Xtreme Beach Volleyball series and Dead or Alive: Code Chronos fall into the latter. The Dead or Alive Xtreme Beach Volleyball games are just meant for simple fun, and to fulfill a 'love' for the female characters, letting the player nurture and watch the girls partaking in simple joys. Even though he admits to there being sexual content in the game, Itagaki refuses to create scenarios which he feels are vulgar for his 'daughters', a term he uses to call the female characters. Code Chronos falls into the same category of development, developed as Itagaki's hobby for style.

Work ethics
Itagaki is thorough with his games, working on them from start to release, and even post release to correct what he feels are deficiencies, and polish them up to their full potential. He has shown this in his project developments, such as pushing back the release of Dead or Alive 4 just to polish the game based on feedback of top Japanese Dead or Alive players recruited to test it out. For Ninja Gaiden, he wanted to leave the best and the ultimate action game on the Xbox before moving on to the Xbox 360, thus he reworked the game and integrated the additional downloadable content to produce Ninja Gaiden Black. With Dead or Alive Xtreme 2, he chose to patch an easy-cash exploit rather than leaving it alone and ruminating over the consequences.

Itagaki creates his game characters by immersing himself in their roles and the games. This is a reason why he objects to the suggestion of Kasumi in the Ninja Gaiden universe, saying her 'soft' nature is conflicting with the 'hard-edged' nature of the game whereas Ayane perfectly fits in. It is this role immersion which helps him to develop and exclude guns from the moveset of the Spartan named Nicole in Dead or Alive 4. However, immersing himself in the games' atmosphere has also failed him at times. The Butt Battle, and Tug-of-War of Dead or Alive Xtreme 2 were heavily panned on the basis of minigame design. Itagaki defended those games as nostalgia comedic pieces, meant to make the player remember the celebrity games played on Japanese television.

In 2006, various gaming sites reported that an unnamed female former Tecmo employee had filed a sexual harassment suit against Itagaki. She claimed that Itagaki had made several unwanted sexual advances on her since 2003. While Itagaki admitted to kissing her, he claimed that whatever had gone between them had been consensual. Tecmo's ensuing investigation reached the conclusion that "the allegations in question were a result of the former employee's desire to vent frustration over her own personal affair, and not indicative of sexual harassment." Tecmo has also demoted Itagaki and the accuser for their mingling of "personal affairs with their corporate responsibilities". Meanwhile, the court has found Itagaki innocent of the charges.

Frank personality
Itagaki values frank and "to the point" attitudes, believing anything else would allow "quibbles and sectionalists" to come in and derail the train of thought. His frank attitude is also in line with his admitted aggression, taking criticisms as challenges to overcome instead of something to mope over. This relates to his desire for challenges, producing games like Ninja Gaiden which are acknowledged as 'hard' by the gaming industry, and to push himself to produce games which can contend as the best games of the genre. He openly claims to be the sole creative force behind his projects, as well as being able to convey his plan clearly for the team to understand. He bemoans that the Japanese are starting to forget the basic concepts, closing off their minds to outside criticisms.

Itagaki has consistently given harsh opinions on Namco's Tekken games, mainly due to his grudge against the company for its insulting radio commercial on his Dead or Alive game. He has stated he never forgets an insult to his family, and will retaliate with "nuclear missiles more than 100 times for that". This along with what he views as Tekken's stagnation in the fighting game genre (starting from Tekken 4), led him to condemn the Tekken series, placing it as his top five hated games, in spite of him stating Tekken, Tekken 2, and Tekken 3 were good games which his family enjoyed.

References

External links

Tomonobu Itagaki's profile at IGN
Tomonobu Itagaki's profile at GiantBomb
Valhalla Game Studios International Ltd.

1967 births
Japanese video game designers
Living people
Designers from Tokyo
Waseda University alumni

Tomonobu Itagaki


Herrernes sprint i banecykling under sommer-OL 2016 fandt sted fra 12. til 14. august 2016 på Rio Olympic Velodrome i Rio de Janeiro.

Resultater

Kvalifikation

Runde 1

Heat 1

Heat 3

Heat 5

Heat 7

Heat 9

Heat 2

Heat 4

Heat 6

Heat 8

Opsamling runde 1

Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Anden runde

Heat 1

Heat 3

Heat 5

Heat 2

Heat 4

Heat 6

Opsamling runde 2

Heat 1

Heat 2

9. til 12. plads

Kvartfinaler

Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Match 4

5. til 8. plads

Semifinaler

Heat 1

Heat 2

Finaler
Bronzefinale

Finale

Eksterne henvisninger

Sprint (herrer)

Cykling under sommer-OL 2016 – Sprint (herrer)


Dominus Iesus, Joseph Kardinal Ratzinger (şu an: Papa XVI. Benedictus) ve Tarcisio Bertone tarafından yazılmış belge. 6 Ağustos 2000'de basılmıştır. Belge Katolik Kilisesi'nin dinler arası diyalog çalışmalarına, diğer dinlerle olan ilişkilerine ve duruşuna, Hıristiyanlığın diğer dinlerle ilişkisinin ne şekilde anlaşılması ve düzenlenmesi gerektiğine dair önemli görüşler sunmaktadır.

Dış bağlantılar
 Belgenin resmî metni

Hristiyanlık metinleri

Dominus Iesus


Gabriel Campillo (født 19. december 1978) er en spansk tidligere professionel bokser, der konkurrerede fra 2002 til 2015 og var WBA letsværvægtverdensmester fra fra 2009 til 2010.

Professionelle karriere
Campillo fik sin professionelle debut den 2. februar 2002, som sluttede i en fire omganges no contest mod David Hernandez. Den 20. september 2008 kæmpede Campillo om den Europæiske supermellemvægts-titel, men tabte en tolv-omgangs tæt pointafgørelse til tyske Karo Murat. I sin næste kamp, den 8. marts 2009, vandt Campillo sit første store regionale mesterskab ved at score en enstemmig afgørelse over den regerende European Union-supermellemvægtsmester, danske Lolenga Mock .

Den 18. februar 2012 tabte han en split decision til IBF-letsværvægt-verdenmesteren Tavoris Cloud. På trods af at han blev slået ned 2. gange i første omgange, kom Campillo tilbage og vandt de fleste af de resterende omgange i mange af ringsideobservatørernes øjne.

I sin sidste serie af kampe led Campillo mange knockout-nederlag til Sergey Kovalev, Andrzej Fonfara, Artur Beterbiev og Marcus Browne.

Sportsfolk fra Spanien
Verdensmestre i boksning
Boksere

Gabriel Campillo


Baron Muskerry is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1781 for Sir Robert Deane, 6th Baronet. He had previously represented County Cork in the Irish House of Commons.

His great-grandson, the fourth Baron, sat in the House of Lords as an Irish Representative Peer from 1892 to 1929. On the death in 1954 of his younger son, the sixth Baron, this line of the family failed. The late Baron was succeeded by his first cousin once removed, the seventh Baron. He was the son of the Hon. Hastings Fitzmaurice Deane, third son of the third Baron.  the titles are held by his grandson, the ninth Baron, who succeeded his father in 1988. Lord Muskerry lives in South Africa.

The Deane Baronetcy, of Muskerry in the County of Cork, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland in 1710 for the first Baron's great-great-grandfather Matthew Deane. His grandson, the third Baronet, sat as a Member of the Irish House of Commons for County Cork. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the fourth Baronet. He represented Cork City in the Irish Parliament.

On his death the title passed to his younger brother, the fifth Baronet. He represented Tallaght in the Irish House of Commons and was admitted to the Irish Privy Council in 1768. He was succeeded by his son, the aforementioned sixth Baronet, who was elevated to the peerage in 1781.

The family seat is Springfield Castle, near Drumcolliher, County Limerick.

Deane baronets, of Muskerry (1710)
Sir Matthew Deane, 1st Baronet (–1711)
Sir Robert Deane, 2nd Baronet (died 1712)
Sir Matthew Deane, 3rd Baronet (died 1747)
Sir Matthew Deane, 4th Baronet (c. 1706–1751)
Sir Robert Deane, 5th Baronet (c. 1707–1770)
Sir Robert Tilson Deane, 6th Baronet (1745–1818) (created Baron Muskerry in 1781)

Barons Muskerry (1781)
Robert Tilson Deane, 1st Baron Muskerry (1745–1818)
John Thomas Fitzmaurice Deane, 2nd Baron Muskerry (1777–1824)
Matthew Fitzmaurice Deane, 3rd Baron Muskerry (1795–1868)
Hamilton Matthew Tilson Fitzmaurice Deane-Morgan, 4th Baron Muskerry (1854–1929)
Robert Matthew Fitzmaurice Deane-Morgan, 5th Baron Muskerry (1874–1952)
Matthew Chichester Cecil Fitzmaurice Deane-Morgan, 6th Baron Muskerry (1875–1954)
Matthew Fitzmaurice Tilson Deane, 7th Baron Muskerry (1874–1966)
Hastings Fitzmaurice Tilson Deane, 8th Baron Muskerry (1907–1988)
Robert Fitzmaurice Deane, 9th Baron Muskerry (born 1948)

The heir apparent and sole heir to the titles is the present holder's only son, Hon. Jonathan Fitzmaurice Deane (born 1986).

Notes

References
Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.

External links
Springfield Castle

Baronies in the Peerage of Ireland
Noble titles created in 1781
1710 establishments in Ireland

Baron Muskerry


Ioan Drăghiciu (n. 29 aprilie 1884, Văleni) a fost un delegat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, organismul legislativ reprezentativ al "tuturor românilor din Transilvania, Banat și Țara Ungurească", cel care a adoptat hotărârea privind Unirea Transilvaniei cu România, la 1 decembrie 1918.

Biografie
A fost învățător în comunele Meșindorf, Palog și Văleni, iar din anul 1923 a fost preot paroh în comuna Văleni, până la 1 septembrie 1941, când s-a pensionat ca învățător și s-a stabilit în orașul Făgăraș.

Activitatea politică

A fost delegat al Băncii populare din comuna Văleni, la  Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia.

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Note

Bibliografie
 Ioan I. Șerban, Dorin Giurgiu, Ionela Mircea, Nicolae Josan, Dicționarul personalităților Unirii. Trimișii românilor transilvăneni la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, Muzeul Național al Unirii, Alba Iulia, 2003, ISBN 973-8141-90-7
 Gelu Neamțu, Mircea Vaida-Voevod, 1 decembrie 1918. Mărturii ale participanților, vol. I-II, Editura Academiei Române, București, 2005, ISBN 973-27-1258-9 (vol. I); ISBN 973-27-1264-3 (vol. II)

Lectură suplimentară
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureș, 1993
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918
  1 decembrie 1918, Marea Unire de la Alba Iulia. Mărturii, documente și semnificații

Nașteri în 1884
Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Decese în secolul al XX-lea
Preoți români

Ioan I. Drăghiciu


Olaylar

Doğumlar

Ölümler
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 tarihi bilinmeyen
 Abbas bin Amr, Abbasiler kumandanı ve valisi
 Himerios, Bizanslı idareci ve amiral

918


Netlib is a repository of software for scientific computing maintained by AT&T, Bell Laboratories, the University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Netlib comprises many separate programs and libraries. Most of the code is written in C and Fortran, with some programs in other languages.

History

The project began with email distribution on UUCP, ARPANET and CSNET in the 1980s.

The code base of Netlib was written at a time when computer software was not yet considered merchandise. Therefore, no license terms or terms of use are stated for many programs. Before the Berne Convention Implementation Act of 1988 (and the earlier Copyright Act of 1976) works without an explicit copyright notice were public-domain software. Also, most of the Netlib code is work of US government employees and therefore in the public domain. While several packages therefore don't have explicit waiver/anti-copyright statements, for instance, the SLATEC package has an explicit statement.

Contents
Some well-known packages maintained in Netlib are:
AMPL Solver Library (ASL)
Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS)
EISPACK
LAPACK
LINPACK
MINPACK
QUADPACK

The SLATEC package is special in that it comprises a number of other packages like BLAS and LINPACK.

Other projects
GNU Scientific Library (GSL), written in C and distributed under the GNU General Public License

References

External links
 www.netlib.org

Numerical software
Public-domain software with source code

Netlib


The Kalamazoo River is a river in the U.S. state of Michigan. The river is  long from the junction of its North and South branches to its mouth at Lake Michigan, with a total length extending to  when one includes the South Branch. The river's watershed drains an area of approximately  and drains portions of ten counties in southwest Michigan: Allegan, Barry, Eaton, Van Buren, Kalamazoo, Calhoun, Jackson, Hillsdale, Kent and Ottawa. The river has a median flow of  at New Richmond, upstream from its mouth at Saugatuck and Douglas.

The north and south branches of the Kalamazoo River originate within a few miles of each other. The south branch begins near North Adams in Moscow Township in northeastern Hillsdale County and flows north and west through Homer before joining the north branch at the forks of the Kalamazoo River in Albion. The North Branch begins near Farwell and Pine Hills lakes in southern Jackson County and flows north and west through Concord before reaching Albion in Calhoun County. It then flows through Kalamazoo and Allegan counties.

After Albion, the Kalamazoo flows mostly westward through Marshall, Battle Creek, Augusta, Galesburg, Comstock, and Kalamazoo.  From Kalamazoo, the river flows mostly north until just before it reaches Plainwell and then flows northwest through Otsego, Allegan, Saugatuck and then into Lake Michigan.

Some of the larger tributaries of the Kalamazoo are Rice Creek, Wilder Creek, Wabascon Creek, Battle Creek River, Augusta Creek, Portage Creek, Gun River, Swan Creek, and Rabbit River.

History

Archeological evidence indicates humans have used the Kalamazoo River basin continuously for more than 11,000 years. At the time of European contact, the Kalamazoo River area was inhabited primarily by members of Potawatomi tribes. The Jesuit priest Father Jacques Marquette and his companions were probably the first Europeans to glimpse the mouth of the Kalamazoo in 1675 as they returned from Illinois. It wasn't until the late eighteenth century that the area was frequented by fur traders. By the early nineteenth century, there were several small communities along the river, including Kalamazoo. With the introduction of the railroad in the 1840s, the importance of the river for transportation diminished.

By the mid-19th century, several communities had grown up along the River as mill towns and commercial centers: Battle Creek, Kalamazoo, Parchment, Plainwell, and Otsego. After the Civil War and into the 20th century, various industries, from cereal production to pharmaceuticals to automobile parts, flourished. Several communities became sites for paper production, which used the river for water intake and waste discharge. Deinking practices no longer in use led to PCB contamination of the river. Sewage effluent, other industrial discharges, and trash also contributed to the pollution of the river. For many years in the 1940s to 1960s, the river was an "eyesore" and most people did their best to avoid it. Beginning in the 1970s with the federal Clean Water Act, serious efforts were made to clean up the river. Although today the river is cleaner, the persistent PCB contamination has led to Superfund designation of a  section from Kalamazoo to Allegan Dam. Many species of fish inhabit the river, including smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, catfish, carp, and many types of panfish. Though populations have increased in recent years due to the cleanup of the river, it is still advised for people to not eat large amounts of fish from the Kalamazoo River, and pregnant women are also advised not to eat any fish from the river due to lingering effects of the pollution in the diets of many fish (particularly bottom feeding fish like catfish which can accumulate high levels of mercury).

In the late 1950s, a developer at the North Branch headwaters (Farwell and Pinehill Lakes) was allowed to build a dam which raised the level of both of those lakes so that he might operate a commercial marina.  The dam caused many soil sediments to enter the lake through the raised water level and resultant erosion. The residents of Farwell Lake have been very actively working to restore the once pristine quality of that lake.  A municipal area sewer system branch has been added and great efforts are being made to educate lake users about keeping fuels,  lawn chemicals and fertilizers, etc. out of the water.  The property owners are hopeful that the dam will be removed and allow the headwaters to flow naturally again and restore the lake to its natural sandy shoreline.

Although the word Kalamazoo appears to be Native American in origin, the exact meaning is obscure and various definitions have been suggested. See the article on the Etymology of Kalamazoo for a detailed discussion of name origin theories.

Kalamazoo River oil spill

On 26 July 2010, an Enbridge Energy pipeline leaked more than  of tar sands also known as dilbit into Talmadge Creek that flows into the Kalamazoo, initially causing two homes to be evacuated, and prohibitions against fishing and swimming to be posted. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) later estimated the spill to be in excess of 1 million gallons. On 29 July 2010, the Calhoun County Health Department asked 30 to 50 households to evacuate, and twice as many were advised not to drink their water.   The National Transportation Safety Board stated the Enbridge oil spill is the costliest onshore cleanup in U.S. history.

Dams
A list of major dams on the Kalamazoo River. The Plainwell Dam was removed in 2009.

See also
Kalamazoo Superfund Site
Kalamazoo Lake

References

External links

USGS Streamflow Data
Kalamazoo River Superfund Site
U.S. EPA Kalamazoo River Project
Michigan Dept. of Environmental Quality
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Natural Resource Damage Assessment
 Great Lakes Environmental & Molecular Sciences (GLEAMS) Center, focuses on Kalamazoo River & PCBs

Rivers of Michigan
Tributaries of Lake Michigan
Rivers of Allegan County, Michigan
Rivers of Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Rivers of Calhoun County, Michigan
Rivers of Jackson County, Michigan
Rivers of Hillsdale County, Michigan

Kalamazoo River


Prva hrvatska odbojkaška liga je predstavljala ligu drugog stupnja odbojkaškog prvenstva Hrvatske za žene u sezoni 2019./20.
U "Prvoj ligi" je sudjelovalo 10 klubova.
Zbog pandemije COVID-19 su natjecanja prekinuta u ožujku, te kasnije obustavljena, priznajući zatečeni poredak kao konačni.

U trenutku prekida lige vodeća ekipa je bila "Mladost II" iz Zagreba.

Sustav natjecanja
"Prva liga" se igrala u dva dijela:
1. dio – 10 klubova igra dvokružnu ligu (18 kola)
2. dio – na osnovu lige iz prvog dijela formiraju se dvije skupine:
 "1. skupina" – prvih pet ekipa iz prvog dijela – igraju dvokružnu ligu (10 kola), s prenesenim međusobnim rezultatima iz prvog dijela
 "2. skupina" – ekipe od 6. do 10. mjesta iz prvog dijela – igraju dvokružnu ligu (10 kola), s prenesenim međusobnim rezultatima iz prvog dijela

Sudionici

 Dinamo, Zagreb
 Don Bosco, Zagreb
 Drenova, Rijeka
 Dubrovnik, Dubrovnik
 Karlovac, Karlovac
 Kostrena, Kostrena
 Mladost II, Zagreb
 Nova Gradiška, Nova Gradiška
 Veli Vrh, Pula
 Zadar, Zadar

Ljestvice i rezultati

Prvi dio

Utakmice su igrane od 12. listopada 2019. do 9. veljače 2020. godine.

Drugi dio
Prenose se međusobni rezultati te se igra dvokružnim liga-sustvom.

Utakmice su igrane od 15. veljače do 8. ožujka 2020. godine (do 4. kola, kad su natjecanja prekinuta).

Povezani članci
 Superliga 2019./20.
 Prva B liga 2019./20.
 Druga liga 2019./20.
 Kup Snježane Ušić 2019./20.

Vanjske poveznice
 hos-cvf.hr, Hrvatski odbojkaški savez
 natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr

Izvori

 natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr, Arhiva
 natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr, Arhiva – sezona 2019./2020., pristupljeno 4. siječnja 2021.
 natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr, Arhiva – sezona 2019./2020., wayback arhiva
 natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr, PRVA HRVATSKA ODBOJKAŠKA LIGA – seniorke (2019./2020.), pristupljeno 5. siječnja 2021.
 natjecanja.hos-cvf.hr, PRVA HRVATSKA ODBOJKAŠKA LIGA – seniorke (2019./2020.), wayback arhiva

2019-20

1. HOL za žene 2019./20.


The Gulfstream G550 is a business jet aircraft produced by General Dynamics' Gulfstream Aerospace unit in Savannah, Georgia, US. The certification designation is GV-SP.  A version with reduced fuel capacity was marketed as the G500. Gulfstream ceased production of the G550 in July 2021.

Development

The first production G550 (GV-SP) flew on 18 July 2002 and the aircraft received its FAA type certificate on August 14, 2003. In 2014, Gulfstream looked at a re-engine with the Rolls-Royce Pearl BR700 development announced in May 2018 for the new Global Express 5500 and 6500 variants but preferred the BR725-powered, 7,500 nmi G650. The 500th Gulfstream G550 aircraft was delivered in May 2015.

Deliveries went from 50 aircraft in 2011 to 19 in 2016 and with 40 units for sale in a fleet of 540. Valuations of the G550 are falling: a 10-year-old G550 valued $28 million a year before is worth $18-$20 million in January 2017, while a two-year-old went from $40 to $35 million. In May 2017, early 2003 G550s were valued at $14 million against more than $45 million for newly purchased aircraft, flying an average of 425 hours per year. In December 2018, a 2012-2013 G550 was valued $28-31 million, and cost $7,135 per hour for 400 hours a year.

As it was replaced by the Gulfstream G600 by October 2019, the G550 was kept in limited production for long-term special missions applications and government orders.

The final commercially available G550 was delivered in June 2021 after more than 600 of the aircraft were produced.

Design

Compared to the Gulfstream V, drag reduction details boost range by  and increase fuel efficiency. Maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) is increased by  and takeoff performance is enhanced. A seventh pair of windows is added and the entry door is moved  forward to increase usable cabin length. The PlaneView flight deck features cursor control devices, Honeywell Primus Epic avionics, standard head-up guidance system by Rockwell Collins and enhanced vision system by Elbit, improving situational awareness in reduced visibility conditions.

Initial long-range cruise altitude is FL 400-410, first hour fuel burn is  decreasing for the second hour to  for the last hour. Flight hourly budget is $700-950 for engine reserves, $250 for parts and 2.5 maintenance hours. It competes against the Bombardier Global 6000, which has higher direct operating costs and less range but a more spacious cross section, and the Dassault Falcon 7X with fly-by-wire flight controls, better fuel efficiency and a wider but shorter cabin.

Variants

The same as the Gulfstream V or GV with a new flightdeck display system, airframe aerodynamic and engine improvements, main entry door moved forward, also marketed as the G550.
G500
The Gulfstream G500 has a reduced fuel capacity. Introduced in 2004 as a shorter  range version, it has the same exterior appearance, as well as the PlaneView cockpit, but Visual Guidance System (HUD) and Enhanced Vision System (EVS) are options. Its unit cost was .
G550
Marketing name for the GV-SP. In 2021, its equipped price was $54.5M (~$ in ).

C-37B
U.S. military designation for the G550 in a VIP passenger configuration.
EC-37B
U.S. military designation G550 version in an Electronic Warfare configuration to replace USAF's existing EC-130H Compass Call aircraft.
NC-37B
U.S. military designation for proposed G550 with the "Conformal AEW" body shape for use as range telemetry aircraft for U.S. Navy.
MC-55A Peregrine
Royal Australian Air Force designation for SIGINT and ELINT intelligence gathering variant.

G550 CAEW
Israel has acquired a number of G550s, fitted with the IAI EL/W-2085 sensor package (a newer derivative of the Phalcon system) for Airborne Early Warning (AEW) use and named the aircraft Eitam. This aircraft is heavily modified for the AEW role by Gulfstream's partner, Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), and is also called CAEW (Conformal Airborne Early Warning) by Gulfstream Special Missions Department. Israel has also acquired a number of G550s dubbed SEMA (Special Electronic Missions Aircraft) with systems EL/I-3001 integration also carried out by IAI. In 2012, Italy acquired two G550 CAEWs as part of a counter-deal to Israel's $1 billion (~$ in ) order for 30 Alenia Aermacchi M-346 advanced jet trainers. In 2022, Italy ordered two additional aircraft. Singapore ordered four similar G550 CAEW aircraft equipped with the EL/W-2085 sensor package from Gulfstream and IAI.
E-550A Italian military designation for the G550 CAEW
Air-to-air refueling variant Israel Aerospace Industries has studied adapting the G550 for air-to-air refueling use.

Operators

The aircraft is operated by numerous governments, private individuals, companies and executive charter operators. A number of companies also use the aircraft as part of fractional ownership programs.

Specifications

See also

References

Footnotes

Notes

External links

G550
1990s United States business aircraft
Twinjets
T-tail aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2004

Gulfstream G550


ميرندا مي كير  عارضة أزياء أسترالية من مواليد 20 أبريل 1983 في سيدني - أستراليا، ظهرت بقوة سنة 2007 بعد توقيعها أهم عقد في حياتها وهو مع فيكتوريا سيكريت كأول أسترالية تختارها هذه الماركة لتكون عارضة لها. وساهم ذلك في شهرتها بشكل كبير. وفي حوار خاص لها مع محاور المشاهير الأستاذ عدنان الكاتب انفردت به مجلة هي، تحدثت «ميراندا» عن حياتها اليومية الخاصة ونصائحها التجميلية وخططها المستقبلية.

النشأة والبداية

ولدت ميرندا كير في قرية صغيرة قرب سيدني للأبوين جون وتيريز كير (Therese & John Kerr)، ولديها أخ شقيق واحد يصغرها بسنتين يدعى ماثيو (Matthew). كانت كير في طفولتها تمارس ركوب الدراجات الهوائية والخيل في مزارع جدتّها. وتصف الحياة في أستراليا بأنها بسيطة ومريحة حيث يمكنك التصرّف فيها بعفويّة وعلى طبيعتك... ولاأحد يبالي بماترتديه... على حد تعبيرها. ثم انتقلت عائلتها إلى مدينة «بريسبان Brisbane»، حيث درست علم التغذية والصحة النفسية بعد تخرجها عام 2000 وقبل ولوجها عالم عرض الأزياء.

في سن الثالثة عشرة، فازت ميرندا في إحدى مسابقات عرض الأزياء التي نظمتها مجلة إمبولس، لتقوم بعدها بجلسات تصويرية لصالح المجلة بأسبوع قبيل عيد ميلادها 14. لفتت إليها أنظار الصحافة بسبب صغر سنها كمال لاقت امتعاضا كبيرا وغضبا من أصوات معارضة لإقحام الفتيات في عالم صناعة الموضة وعرض الأزياء منذ سن صغيرة. اشتهرت بعدها ميرندا في أستراليا بعد انضمامها إلى وكالة Chic Management's Sydney لتنهال عليها العروض من ماركات خاصة بأزياء البحر. وبعدها قررت ميرندا الانتقال إلى نيويورك، وهناك وقّعت عقداً في سنة 2004 مع وكالة NEXT Model Management.

الإنطلاقة والشهرة والحياة الشخصية

انطلقت شهرتها في الأسواق الأمريكية مع ماركة "مايبلين نيويورك Maybelline New York؛ فتصدرت سلسلة من المجلات العالمية مثل Elle و Cosmopolitan و Cleo وHarper Bazaar غيرها. ثم بعدها برزت في مجموعة كاتالوجات Victoria Secret. وتعد أول أسترالية تعرض لماركة Victorai Secret بعد أن حلت مكان "جزيل بندشين Gisele Bündchen".
تتالت النجاحات بعد ذلك لتصبح الوجه الإعلاني لكل من Arden B وClinique و «ديفيد جونز David Jones». وصنفتها فوربس عام 2008 في المرتبة 10 من قائمة العارضات الأكثر جنيا للمال حيث تجاوزت أرباحها لتك السنة ثلاث ملايين دولار. وفي أكتوبر 2009 أطلقت «ميرندا» ماركة تابعة لها من مستحضرات التجميل المعتمدة على المواد العضويّة، حملت اسمKora Organics؛ وأصبحت الوجه الإعلاني للماركة.
في عام 2010 كان الفضل لماركة «بالنسياغا Balenciaga» في انطلاقها في عروض كبريات دور الأزياء بغض النظر عن Victoria Secret؛ حيث اختيرت لعروض تشكيلة بالنسياغا موسم ربيع عام 2010. وصنفتها فوربس في نفس السنة (2010) ضمن عارضات الأزياء الأعلى أجرا في العالم لتحتل الرتبة 9 عالميا بمبلغ 4 ملايين دولار.
تزوجت «كير» من الممثل الأمريكي «أورلاندو بلوم Orlando Bloom» في 2010 وأنجبت منه ابنها «فلين بلوم Flynn Bloom». وقد ظهرت في 2011 على غلاف مجلة "Vogue" كأول عارضة حامل تظهر على المجلة. وفي 2013 أعلن الزوجان انفصالهما.
ردا على ادعاءات تفيد بأنها بوذية الديانة، أجابت «كير» مجلة The Telegraph قائلة بأنها مسيحية وبأنها تحب اليوغا والتأمل الروحي.

انظر أيضا

 كولين مكلو

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

أستراليون من أصل إسكتلندي
أستراليون من أصل إنجليزي
أستراليون من أصل فرنسي
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من سيدني
شخصيات إل جي بي تي من أستراليا
عارضات أزياء أستراليات
عارضو أزياء إل جي بي تي
عارضو أزياء من سيدني
كاتبات أستراليات
كاتبات أستراليات في القرن 21
كاتبات القرن 21
مسيحيون أستراليون
ممارسو التأمل التجاوزي
مواليد 1983
مؤسسات شركات أستراليات
مؤسسو شركات أستراليون
نساء أسسن شركات
نساء ثنائيات الميول الجنسية

ميراندا كير


An Digitaria heterantha in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Joseph Dalton Hooker, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Elmer Drew Merrill. An Digitaria heterantha in nahilalakip ha genus nga Digitaria, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Digitaria (Poaceae)

Digitaria heterantha


الولايات المتأرجحة مصطلح سياسي يطلق في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية على الولايات الأمريكية التي لا تحتوي على أغلبية سياسية جمهورية أو ديموقراطية، الأمر الذي يجعل مواقفها مُتغيّرة من دورة انتخابية إلى أخرى. لذلك تتجه أنظار الحملات الانتخابية إلى تلك الولايات لمحاولة استمالتها والفوز بأصوات ناخبيها في الانتخابات.

انظر أيضًا
 صوت متأرجح

الانتخابات في الولايات المتحدة
مصطلحات الانتخابات الرئاسية في الولايات المتحدة
مصطلحات سياسية

ولايات متأرجحة


Zincir kuralı bir değişkene bağlı bir fonksiyonun değişkeninin başka bir değişkene bağlı olması durumunda türevinin:

 şeklinde yazılabilmesidir []. Diğer gösterimleri ise

 ve

 şeklindedir.

Örnekler

Örnek A

 ifadesi  olarak yazılabilir. Burada  ve  olarak tanımlıdır. Zincir kuralı uygulanırsa f fonksiyonunun türevi:

 olarak yazılabilir. Türevler yerine koyulursa

 sonucu bulunur.

Örnek B
 ve  olarak verilsin. f fonksiyonunun x' e göre değişimi zincir kuralı ile

 olarak bulunur.

Türev alma kuralları
Kalkülüs teoremleri

Zincir kuralı


Kirazlıyurt, Adana ilinin Tufanbeyli ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Adana iline 215 km, Tufanbeyli ilçesine 28 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Tufanbeyli'nin mahalleleri

Kirazlıyurt, Tufanbeyli