Ezine, Çanakkale ilinin bir ilçesidir. Ezine, Çanakkale ilinin merkez dahil olmak üzere beşinci en büyük ilçesidir.

Tarihçe
Antik çağlarda şimdiki askeri kışlaların üzerinde bulunan Çaltıkıran Tepe'de kurulmuş bir yerleşim merkezidir. Bu yerleşim merkezi Malazgirt savaşından sonra Danişment Türklerinin Anadolu'nun batısına yerleşmeleri sırasında çıkan muharebede tahrip edilmiştir. Türkler eskiden kurulmuş olan yerin yanında Danişment adı ile yeni bir yerleşim merkezi kurmuşlardır.
Mahalli rivayetlere göre Danişment Türklerinin Beyi olan Abdurrahman Bey, şimdiki Ezine'nin bulunduğu yerin güney kenarında Ulu Camii inşa ettirmiştir. Caminin yapılışının amacı cuma namazının kılınması ve bu vesile ile civar köylerin halklarının haftada bir kez merkeze inerek kaynaşmanın sağlanmasıdır. Zaten aynı rivayete göre "Ezine" kelimesi de Farsçada "cuma" anlamına gelen "azine"den türemiştir. Ezine isminin bir süre "iğne" şeklinde telaffuz edildiğine dair rivayetler de vardır.

Ezine'nin Danişment Türklerinin eline geçişi sırasında Ahi Yunusların, Seferşah'ın büyük çabaları olduğu çeşitli kaynaklardan öğrenilmiştir.

Ezine bir süre Selçuklu egemenliği altında kalmıştır. Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti'nin yıkılmasından sonra Karesi Beyliği yönetimine girmiştir. Karesi Bey'in ölümünden sonra oğulları Demirhan Bey ve Yahşi Bey bu toprakları yönetmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti'nin kurulmasından sonra Orhan Gazi döneminde Ermiş Dursun Bey'in, Karesi Beyliği'nin idaresine son vermesinden sonra Ezine ve çevresi Osmanlı topraklarına katılmıştır. Yine o tarihlerde Ezine ovası sularla kaplı bir bataklık olduğundan Arabistan'dan getirilen esir toplulukları ile şimdiki Araplar Boğazı'nı yararak Menderes Çayı'nı denize akıtmışlardır. Böylece ova bataklıktan kurtarılmıştır.

Günümüzde panayır yeri mevkii denilen yerde ev yapımı için temel kazımları sırasında su ürünleri kalıntıları ile küçük balıkçı iskeleleri kalıntıları çıkmıştır. Panayır yeri ve Gölcük mevkii denilen kısımda, yağışlar çok olduğu kış ve ilkbahar ayları boyunca önemli miktarda su birikmektedir. ''Son yıllarda bu iki yer kademeli olarak suni dolgu ile doldurulmaktadır.'' Bütün bunlar asırlar önce Ezine Ovası'nın Balıklı Köyü altlarına kadar sularla kaplı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca Karesi egemenliği sırasında Yahşi Bey ve Ahi Yunus tarafından Öksüz Camii ve hamam inşa edilmiş, Çaltıkıran Tepe'de oturan halk cami ve hamamın etrafına toplanarak Ezine'nin ilk oluşumunu sağlamışlardır.

Coğrafya
Ezine, Marmara Bölgesi sınırları içinde kalan bir yerleşim birimidir. Çanakkale–İzmir karayolu içinden geçer. Çanakkale'ye 42 km uzaklıktadır. Doğuda Bayramiç, batıda Ege Denizi, güneyinde Ayvacık ilçesi, kuzeyde Çanakkale ilinin merkez ilçesi ile çevrilidir.

Ezine ve çevresi ikinci zamanda (mezozoik çağda) meydana gelmiştir. Bunun en büyük kanıtları bölgede çıkarılan kireç taşı, kurşun, demir ve mermer gibi maden alanlarının jeolojik yapılarıdır. Ezine ve çevresi aynı zamanda oldukça büyük bir volkanik kütle üzerindedir.

Ezine, düzlük (ova) bir alan üzerinde kurulmuştur. Bu geniş ovanın batısı, kuzeyi ve güneyi alçak tepelerle çevrilidir. Bu tepelerin en yüksekleri Zambak Tepe ve Çığrı Tepeleridir. İlçe sınırları içerisinde Ezine ovasının dışında Üsküfçü, Kestanbol, Kızılköy ve Mahmudiye ovaları vardır. Ovalarının hepsi sulanabilir arazilerdir. İlçenin en büyük  ve önemli akarsuyu Menderes Çayıdır.

Menderes Çayı Kaz Dağlarının kuzey yamaçlarından doğarak gelir. Ezine ovasını suladıktan sonra ilçenin kuzey-batı istikametinde Çanakkale Boğazı'na dökülür. Akçin Çayı ise Ezine'nin içerisinden geçerek Menderes Çayı ile birleşir. İlçe sınırları içindeki Şeytan Deresi, Kocalaş Deresi, Andık Deresi, Koca Tepe Deresi, Uzunalık Deresi ve Çatak Deresi Menderes Çayı ile birleşir.

Bu arada son yıllarda yapılan Kemallı ve Bahçeli Göletleri tarım arazilerinin sulanmasına yardımcı olmaktadır.

İlçede genelde Akdeniz ikliminin  bitkisi olan maki görülmekle beraber batısı ve kuzey-batısı ormanlarla kaplıdır. İlçe ormanlarının asıl türü kızıl çamdır. Ağaç türlerinden ise meşe,ardıç, akçakesme ve karayemiş çeşitleri görülür. Bu arada sahil kesiminde geniş alanlar zeytin ağaçları  ile kaplıdır.

Ezine, Marmara ve Ege Bölgelerinin geçiş alanındadır. Bu bakımdan iki bölgede görülen iklim özellikleri Ezine'ye yansır. Yazları sıcak ve kurak, kışları ise ılık ve yağışlıdır. Yağışlar genellikle yağmur halindedir. Kış bitiminde de sıkça kırağı yağar. Kış aylarında zaman zaman kısa sürelerle kar yağar. Son yıllarda ekolojik denge bozukluğundan mevsim içinde mevsim normallerinin dışında hava şartları da görülmektedir. Yapılan meteorolojik gözlemlere göre en soğuk ay ocak ve şubat ayları olup en soğuk ay ortalaması -4 °C ila -5 °C derecedir. En sıcak ay ise Temmuz ve Ağustos ayları olup en sıcak ay ortalaması 25 °C ila 35 °C derece arasındadır. Yıllık yağış bakımından en yağışlı aylar Kasım, Aralık, Mart ve Nisan aylarıdır. Ortalama yağış miktarı yılda 626 mm'dir. En yağışsız aylar ise Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarıdır.

Ezine yerleşim yeri  bakımından etrafı tepelerle çevrili bir konumda olduğundan nem ortalaması oldukça yüksektir.

Yüzölçümü İlçenin yüzölçümü 474 km²'dir.

Yer şekilleri İlçe merkezi deniz seviyesinden 50 m yükseklikte olup, ilçe sınırları içinde en yüksek dağ olan Çığrı Tepesi 500 metre yüksekliktedir. İlçe verimli bir ova üzerine kurulmuştur. Kazdağlarının kuzeyinden doğup, ilçenin ovasından  geçip Çanakkale boğazına dökülen Menderes çayı ve ilçeyi ikiye ayıran Akçin çayı  zengin bir topoğrafya oluşturmaktadır.

Ezine'nin sahil kıyısı Ezine ilçe merkezinin Ege Denizi'ne kıyısı yoktur. Ezine ilçe sınırları dahilinde 37 km'lik sahil şeridi mevcuttur. Ezine'nin batısında;
 Geyikli
 Mahmudiye beldeleri bulunmaktadır.Bu iki yerleşim merkezinin de denize kıyısı yoktur.
 Kestanbol Kaplıcaları dünyaca ünlü bir jeotermal merkezidir.

Nüfus

Ezine plajları
Ezine ilçe merkezinin denize kıyısı yoktur. Ezine, sınırları dahilindeki sahil şeridine 15 km mesafededir.

Geyikli Plajı Ezine'ye 17 km mesafedeki bu plaj Bozcaada'ya olan ulaşımı sağlayan Geyikli İskelesi'nin yanında bulunmaktadır. Tertemiz ve altı kum olan deniz,serin sularıyla deniz olduğunu hissettirir. Geyikli Plajı'nda Bozcaada manzarasını izleyerek bir çay içmek bile insana huzuru tattırır. Bu plaja Ezine'den her yarım saatte bir hareket eden Geyikli Sahil Birlik araçlarıyla ulaşılabilir.

Ezine Plajı Ezine'ye 20 km mesafedeki bu plaj eskiden Bozcaada'ya ulaşımı sağlayan ve şu anda balıkçı teknelerinin yanaştığı Odunluk İskelesi'nin yanında bulunmaktadır. Sakin ve huzur dolu bu plaj Dalyan Köyü sınırları içinde kalmakta,yazlıklar daha çok bu plajın etrafında yoğunlaştığından,plaj çevresinde gençlere yönelik eğlence mekanları daha çok bulunmaktadır. Bu plaja Ezine'den Ezine Birlik Koop. Araçlarıyla ve Geyikli Sahil Birlik araçlarıyla ulaşılabilir.

Aktaş Plajı Ezine'ye 22 km mesafedeki bu plaj Kestanbol Kaplıcaları'na olan yakınlığı ile ilgi toplamaktadır.Herhangi bir toplu taşıma aracı ile gidilemeyen bu plaja, aileler kendi araçlarıyla hem piknik hem de Ege Denizi'nin sularında eğlenmek için giderler. Körüktaşı Köyü'nden birkaç km sonra varılabilecek bu plajda, zeytin ve büyük meşe ağaçlarının altında, Bozcaada manzarasını seyrederek hem piknik yapabilir, hem de denizde eğlenebilirsiniz.

Tavaklı Plajı Ezine'ye 30 km mesafedeki plaj Tavaklı Köyünün 5 km güneyinde bulunan iskelenin yanında yazlıklar boyunca bir şerit gibi Ayvacık ilçe sınırına kadar uzanır. Sakinliğiyle ön plana çıkan bu plaj etrafında,halk çadır kurarak kamp yapar ve yazın belli bir kısmını deniz kenarında geçirir. Tavaklı plajı yakınında birçok yazlık site bulunmaktadır. Tertemiz ve dibi kum olan plaj Ezine halkı tarafından rağbet gören plajlardan biridir. Bu plaja Ezine'den Ezine Birlik Koop. ve Gülpınar-Babakale Koop. araçlarıyla ulaşılabilir.

Ayrıca bakınız

 Ezine peyniri

Kaynakça

Ezine

Ezine


Homonukleare molekyler indeholder kun ét grundstof, dog indeholder molekylet flere atomer. Mange af molekylerne i vores atmosfære er homonukleare, molekyler som brint (H2), ilt (O2), kvælstof (N2) og ozon (O3) er homonukleare. Homonukleare molekyler inddeles i kategorier efter antallet af atomer i molekylet: Diatomiske homonukleare molekyler består af 2 atomer, triatomiske homonukleare molekyler består af 3 atomer, og tetratomiske homonukleare molekyler består af 4 atomer, såsom gul arsen eller hvidt fosfor.

En allotrop er i en forstand alle homonukleare molekyler. Mange grundstoffer har flere allotropiske former. I hverdagen ser vi allotroper som diamant og grafit, der begge består af kulstof.

Se også
 Heteronuklear

Referencer

Kemi
Uorganisk kemi

Homonuklear


Rüngsdorf, Almanya'nın Kuzey Ren-Vestfalya eyaletinde, Bonn kentine bağlı bölge. Güneyinde Mehlem, güneybatısında Lannesdorf, kuzeybatısında Pennenfeld, Alt-Godesberg ve Godesberg-Villenviertel, kuzeyinde Plittersdorf ile komşudur. Rüngsdorf, Ren yerleşim bölgesinin bir parçası kabul edilir.

Nüfusun Yaşa Göre Dağılımı

Rüngsdorf'dan görüntüler

Rüngsdorf


رايموند لفيفر (Raymond Lefèvre)، (20 نوفمبر 1929 - 27 يونيو 2008) كان قائد أوركسترا وملحن فرنسي.

حياته
درس رايموند البيانو والفلوت في معهد الموسيقى. أصبح معروفا من خلال تأليفه موسيقى تصويرية لأفلام لويس دو فنيس بين عامي 1964 و1982. واستطاع بذلك أن يُكَون لنفسه اسماً كقائد أوركسترا. بدأ مهنته الفنية كعازف بيانو لدى أوركسترا فرانك بورسل في أوائل الخمسينات من القرن الماضي. في عام 1956 بدأ عمله بشكل منفرد وسجل أول ألبوم له في نفس العام. عمل في التلفزيون الفرنسي برنامج موسيكوراما. وتعتبر موسيقى Soul Coaxing أشهر موسيقى لرايموند حيث اشتهرت على نطاق واسع في العالم.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

داليدا
قادة فرق موسيقية في القرن 20
مدفونون في مقبرة بير لاشيز
ملحنون فرنسيون
مواليد 1348 هـ
مواليد 1929
مواليد في كاليه
موسيقيون ذكور فرنسيون في القرن 20
موسيقيون ذكور في القرن 20
مؤلفو موسيقى أفلام
مؤلفو موسيقى أفلام فرنسيون
وفيات 1429 هـ
وفيات 2008

رايموند لفيفر


Artenara puede referirse a:

 Artenara, municipio español perteneciente a la provincia de Las Palmas.
 Artenara, grupo artístico canario de carácter multidisciplinar.

Artenara (desambiguación)


La rue Martin Lindekens (en néerlandais: (Martin Lindekensstraat) est une rue bruxelloise de la commune de Woluwe-Saint-Pierre qui va de la rue Robert Thoreau à la rue Paul Lancsweert sur une longueur totale de 270 mètres.

Historique et description

Le tronçon compris entre la rue Robert Thoreau et l'avenue du Val d'Or est créé par la famille de Selliers de Moranville et les demoiselles Luig, en même temps que les rues voisines. L'aménagement du tronçon semble exécuté vers 1921 par l'entrepreneur Victor Herman. Son urbanisation débute la même année. Un petit groupe de constructions jouxtant l'avenue du Val d'Or, perpétuant pour la plupart la tradition éclectique, s'aligne à front de rue.

Origine du nom
Le nom de la rue vient du soldat Martin Joseph Desire Lindekens, né le 12 février 1893 à Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, mort de grippe et pneumonie le 30 septembre 1918 à Guemps en France lors de la première guerre mondiale. Il était domicilié en la commune de Woluwe-Saint-Pierre.

Inventaire régional des biens remarquables

Voir aussi
 Liste des rues de Woluwe-Saint-Pierre

Liens externes
 Commune de Woluwe-Saint-Pierre

Notes et références

 La Chanson des rues de Woluwe-Saint-Pierre de Jean Francis. Louis Musin Éditeur – Bruxelles 1975

Rue à Woluwe-Saint-Pierre

Rue Martin Lindekens


A–B
Cleveland Abbe
Aristotle
David Bates
Francis Beaufort
Tor Bergeron
Jacob Bjerknes
Vilhelm Bjerknes
Howard B. Bluestein
Bert Bolin
Léon Teisserenc de Bort
Harold E. Brooks
Keith Browning
David Brunt
C.H.D. Buys Ballot
Horace R. Byers

C–D
Jule Gregory Charney
Coching Chu
Isaac Cline
Balfour Currie
John Dalton
Robert Davies-Jones
William Morris Davis
Igor Delijanić
Jean-André Deluc
Charles A. Doswell III
Heinrich Wilhelm Dove

E–F
V. Walfrid Ekman
Kerry Emanuel
John Farrah
William Ferrel
Rich Fields
John Park Finley
Michael Fish
Robert FitzRoy
Bert Foord
Benjamin Franklin
Tetsuya Theodore Fujita

G–H
Francis Galton
Allison Göhler
William M. Gray
Thomas P. Grazulis
Willis Ray Gregg
George Hadley
Edmond Halley
Julius von Hann
Kenneth Hare
Ingrid Holford
Brian Hoskins
Luke Howard

J–K
Robert Johns
John Knox
Wladimir Köppen
Shen Kuo

L–N
Hubert Lamb
Christopher Landsea
Leslie R. Lemon
Johannes Letzmann
Richard Lindzen
Mònica López
Edward Norton Lorenz
David M. Ludlum
Paul Markowski
Charles F. Marvin
Patrick McTaggart-Cowan
Pomponius Mela
Milutin Milanković
James T. Moore
Joel Myers
Aili Nurminen

P–R
Erik Palmén
Allen Pearson
Sir Cuthbert Peek, 2nd Baronet
Jan Pelleboer
Sverre Petterssen
José P. Piexoto
Ron Przybylinski
William John Macquorn Rankine
Gandikota V. Rao
Erik N. Rasmussen
Lewis Fry Richardson
Carl-Gustav Arvid Rossby
François van Rysselberghe

S–T
Horace-Bénédict de Saussure
Bob Simpson
John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh
George James Symons
Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
Tetsu Tamura
Reed Timmer

U–V
Vilho Väisälä
Bernard Vonnegut

W–Z
Roger Wakimoto
Alfred Wegener
Heinrich von Wild
Edgar W. Woolard
Joshua Wurman
Rely Zlatarovic
Nadia Zyncenko

Weather presenters
Benjamin Abell
Derek Brockway
Jim Cantore
Suzanne Charlton
Spencer Christian
Barbara Edwards
Elise Finch
Michael Fish
Gregory S. Forbes
Gary England
Bill Giles
Dick Goddard
Mel Goldstein
Gerrit Hiemstra
John Hope
Janice Huff
John Kettley
Colleen Jones
Ulrika Jonsson
Jörg Kachelmann
Don Kent
David Letterman
Siân Lloyd
Ian McCaskill
Jan Pelleboer
Tony Perkins
Audrey Puente
James Spann
Odd Reinsfelt
Larry Rice
Al Roker
Willard Scott
Tom Skilling
Harold Taft
Harry Volkman
Wincey Willis

See also
The Weather Channel
List of meteorologists on The Weather Channel
 List of Russian meteorologists

External links
Certified Consulting Meteorologist List on Association of Certified Meteorologists

Meteorologists

Meteorologists

List of meteorologists


Edmund Tudor (11. juni 1431 – 3. november 1456) var far til kong Henrik 7. af England, som var en central person i Rosekrigene. Edmund var også en del af denne krig, men spillede en mindre rolle end sønnen.

Edmund Tudor var gift med Margaret Beaufort og halvbror til kong Henrik 6. af England.

Eksterne henvisninger

Huset Tudor

Edmund Tudor, 1. jarl af Richmond


An Poa molineri in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Giovanni Battista Balbis. An Poa molineri in nahilalakip ha genus nga Poa, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Poa

Poa molineri


Scott Cain (born 2 April 1981) is an Australian singer and TV presenter. In 2002 he won the third Australian Popstars TV talent competition. His debut solo album, Controlled Folly (October 2002), peaked in the ARIA Albums Chart top 50. Its lead single, "I'm Moving On" (May 2002), reached number one on the related ARIA Singles Chart. While competing on Popstars, the Final 7 contestants released a compilation single with each providing a cover version of Stevie Wonder's "Superstition", which peaked at number seven. His wife, Danielle Stearman, was a fellow contestant on Popstars, the couple have two children together.

Biography

Scott Cain was born on 2 April 1981 and grew up in Port Macquarie. He attended Port Macquarie Primary School – where he was school captain in his final year – and then Port Macquarie High School where he completed Year 10. He also competed as a skateboarder.

By 2000 Cain was living in Perth where he worked as a furniture polisher and was also lead vocalist in a band, Funkapation. They released an album, Peanut Butter Brick, in 2000 and competed in the Hastings Valley Battle of the Bands earning Cain the award for Best Vocalist. Late in 2001 Cain auditioned for the Australian TV talent competition, Popstars third season. In March 2002 he entered the ARIA Singles Chart with his version of Stevie Wonder's "Superstition", which was featured on a Popstars 3 The Final 7 compilation single – each contestant provided their own version of the track. It peaked at number seven and was certified gold for shipment of 35,000 copies by the end of the year. His first solo single, after winning the competition, was "I'm Moving On", which debuted at number one in May and was also certified gold. His manager was Sloane Howard, the mother of The Kid Laroi.

Despite protest from Cain, his label, Warner Music Australasia, released his second single as "Crazy People Rock", which peaked at number 39. Both of his initial singles were written by Gregg Alexander of the New Radicals. Cain had intended to release "Perfect Day", co-written by himself with Nick Howard, as his second solo single but he was prevented by Warner. His debut album, Controlled Folly, reached number 49. He also released the non-album single "Oceans in Between", a song based upon the events of 11 September 2001. This was a collaboration with Vents limited to 1,000 copies and released only through his website. Scott also performed this song at various charity events.

In 2003, he began hosting the AMTV show on the Disney Channel, and released the song "Step into My World" on a Roadshow compilation. He won Best New Talent at the 2004 ASTRA awards, beating out other finalists including James Mathieson and Andrew G ~ a public vote saw Scott Cain again win the public support for his role on AMTV Disney Channel take him home the award. The following year, Cain signed with ABC Kids and released his second album, Roller Coaster (October 2004). "Perfect Day" appeared on this album. Another album track, "Hilary Duff", received radio airplay and later that year Cain supported the subject of the song, Hilary Duff, on her national Australian tour.

Personal life

In 2002 Scott Cain started dating a fellow Popstars contestant, Danielle Stearman. Stearman also provided her version of "Superstition" for the compilation single and finished second in the contest. Stearman, as Danielle, released a solo single, "Tell Me if You Like It" (July 2002), which reached number 20 on the ARIA Singles chart. Cain and Stearman featured in a music video for the Australian band, The Millionaires, on their track, "Wrong Guy", which Stearman co-wrote with their lead singer, Jordan Cade. Cain and Stearman issued a duet album, Spero, in 2009. In 2011, they got engaged and had a son. In 2015, they were married in Las Vegas and in 2017 had a daughter. Cain now has three children – the first was born when he was 19.

Discography

Studio albums

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

References

1981 births
Living people
Popstars winners
Australian television presenters
Australian pop musicians
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Australian singers
21st-century Australian male singers

Scott Cain


Top Eleven Football Manager este un joc produs și distribuit de compania sârbă Nordeus. Scopul jocului este de a fi manager de fotbal. Jocul a fost lansat pe 9 mai 2010 pe Facebook, iar în 2011 pe App Store și Google Play. În 2013, Jose Mourinho a apărut pe coperta jocului. În anul 2015, Top Eleven devine cel mai descărcat joc de manager din lume, având peste 100 milioane de descărcări. În 2016, Top Eleven a avut peste 150 milioane de descărcări.

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Top Eleven Football Manager


Hans "Dolph" Lundgren (, ; born 3 November 1957) is a Swedish actor, filmmaker and martial artist. Born in Spånga, Sweden, Lundgren became interested in martial arts at a young age. This would lead him to hold the rank of 4th dan black belt in Kyokushin karate and become European champion in 1980 and 1981. In 1982, while studying to get a master's degree, he became the boyfriend of singer Grace Jones. With her he moved to New York City and started to take acting classes. In 1985, Lundgren had a breakthrough role playing the lead villain as an imposing Soviet boxer named Ivan Drago in Sylvester Stallone's Rocky IV.

Lundgren went on to play lead roles in over 80 action-oriented films including Masters of the Universe, (1987), Red Scorpion (1988), The Punisher (1989), I Come in Peace (1990), Showdown in Little Tokyo (1991), Joshua Tree (1993), Men of War (1994), Silent Trigger (1996), and Blackjack (1998). Furthermore he continued playing lead villains in Universal Soldier  (1992) against Jean-Claude Van Damme and Johnny Mnemonic (1995) against Keanu Reeves.  Moving into the 2000s, Lundgren mostly appeared in direct-to-video films. During this time Lundgren started directing and starring in his own films; these are The Defender (2004), The Mechanik (2005), Missionary Man (2007), Command Performance (2009), Icarus (2010), Castle Falls (2021) and upcoming film Wanted Man (2023).

Lundgren returned to prominence in 2010 with the role of Gunner Jensen in Sylvester Stallone's The Expendables alongside an all-action star cast, he reprised his role in its sequels. He returned to the role of Ivan Drago in Creed II (2018). He also had notable roles in the fifth season of Arrow (2017), James Wan's Aquaman (2018), Kyle Balda's Minions: The Rise of Gru (2022), and more.

Early life
Hans Lundgren was born on 3 November 1957 in Spånga, a community in Stockholm County, Sweden, to Sigrid Birgitta ( Tjerneld; 1932–1992), a language teacher, and Karl Hugo Johan Lundgren (1923–2000), an engineer (M.Sc.) and economist (MBA) for the Swedish government. He lived in Spånga until the age of 13, when he moved to his grandparents' home in Nyland, Ångermanland. Some sources wrongly state 1959 as his year of birth, but Lundgren himself has confirmed it to be 1957. He has two sisters, Katarina and Annika and a younger brother Johan. Lundgren claims his father was physically abusive and took out his own personal frustrations on his wife and eldest son. He has stated that, during his tirades, his father would call him a "loser", which motivated him later as he grew more ambitious to prove himself. But he also said, "I still love my father, no matter what happened. There are many things about him I still admire. As a child, I was probably too much like him, very stubborn—perhaps that's what he couldn't deal with." He has cited his troubled relationship with his father as the reason he developed a desire to participate in heavy contact sports such as boxing and karate.

Lundgren has said that, as a child, he was insecure and suffered from allergies, describing himself as a "runt". He showed a keen interest in drumming and had aspirations to become a rock star. At age seven, he tried judo and Gōjū-ryū. He took up Kyokushin karate at the age of 10, and began lifting weights as a teenager. Lundgren stated that "My dad always told me that if I wanted to make something special with my life, I had to go to America." After graduating from high school with straight A's, he spent some time in the United States in the 1970s on various academic scholarships, studying chemical engineering at Washington State University and Clemson University. He studied chemical engineering for a year at Washington State University between 1975 and 1976, prior to serving his mandatory one year in the Swedish Coastal Artillery at the Coastal Ranger School. In the late 1970s, he enrolled at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and graduated in the early 1980s with a degree in chemical engineering.

Amidst his years of studying, Lundgren honed his karate skills by training in the dojo for five years, and had attained a black belt in Kyokushin by the late 1970s. He captained the Swedish Kyokushin karate team, and was a challenger at the 1979 World Open Tournament (arranged by the Kyokushin Karate Organization). He won the European championships in 1980 and 1981, and a full-contact karate tournament in Australia in 1982. In 1982, Lundgren graduated with a master's degree in chemical engineering from the University of Sydney. During his time in Sydney, he earned a living as a bouncer in a nightclub in the notorious King's Cross area.

Lundgren was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to MIT in 1983. However, while preparing for the move to Boston, he was spotted in the nightclub where he worked in Sydney and was hired by Grace Jones as a bodyguard, and the two became lovers. He moved with Jones to New York City, where he dabbled in modeling at the Zoli Agency but was described as "a bit too tall and muscular for a model's size 40". He earned a living as a bouncer at the Manhattan nightclub The Limelight, which was housed in the former Episcopal Church of the Holy Communion, working with Chazz Palminteri. In the daytime, he studied drama at the Warren Robertson Theatre Workshop and has said that "my time in New York City opened up my adolescent Swedish eyes to a multitude of different people and lifestyles, mostly in the arts. I hung out with Andy Warhol, Keith Haring, Iman and Steve Rubell, danced at Studio 54, and studied acting with Andie MacDowell and Tom Hulce." Friends told him he should be in movies. He would later quit studying at MIT after two weeks to pursue acting.

Lundgren said after being exposed to the entertainment business, he found it more attractive and rewarding than chemical engineering, so he decided to pursue a career in acting.

Career

1985 to 1995: breakthrough, lead villain, and action film star.
Lundgren made his film debut in the 1985 James Bond film A View to a Kill, Roger Moore's final film as Agent 007, in the minor role of Venz, a KGB assassin. His former lover Grace Jones, who portrayed the villain May Day, personally recommended him. According to Lundgren, Moore said of him, "Dolph is larger than Denmark."

Upon learning that Sylvester Stallone was seeking an imposing fighter to play Soviet boxer Ivan Drago in Rocky IV (1985), Lundgren sent videos and pictures of himself to a distant contact of Stallone, eventually reaching him. Lundgren tried out for the role, but as he himself has stated, he was initially turned down because he was too tall. Lundgren eventually beat 5,000 other hopefuls to land his breakout role opposite Stallone, Carl Weathers, and Brigitte Nielsen. To improve his physique and athletic abilities, he trained intensely in bodybuilding and boxing for five months before the film was shot. Lundgren said, "We trained six days a week—weights in the morning for about an hour, then boxing in the afternoon. We did a split of chest and back one day and then shoulders, legs, and arms the next. We boxed for an hour and a half, practiced the fight choreography, and did bag work and abs." He weighed  –  during filming, but in the film he was billed at ; one publisher said of Drago, "He's a hulking 261 pounds of merciless fighting machine, the best that Soviet science & medicine can create". His character's lines "If he dies, he dies" and "I must break you" are amongst the best known of the Rocky series, and have often been cited in popular culture. Lundgren hit Stallone so hard during the filming of a fight scene that Stallone was in intensive care in the St. John's Hospital for nine days with a blood pressure of 290, due to swelling of the pericardial sac around his heart. Lundgren later fought in a real boxing match against former UFC fighter Oleg Taktarov, and lost via decision. Lundgren has highlighted the premiere of Rocky IV at Westwood Movie Theatre as the moment which changed his life, remarking, "I walked in to a Westwood movie theater as Grace Jones' boyfriend and walked out ninety minutes later as the movie star Dolph Lundgren. I was shell-shocked for years from the mind-boggling and daunting experience of being a student-athlete from tiny Sweden suddenly having to live up a new action-star persona."

In 1987, Lundgren released on home media a workout video called Maximum Potential, and he also got his first lead role as He-Man in Masters of the Universe, based on the popular children's toyline and cartoon, directed by Gary Goddard. Lundgren weighed his all-time heaviest during the filming at . The film was a critical failure and viewed as far too violent for a family picture. It is referred to as a "flop" by Variety magazine, and has a 13% "rotten" rating at Rotten Tomatoes. Lundgren was criticized for being too wooden as a leading man, and it was dismissed as "a glossy fantasy starring monosyllabic Dolph Lundgren".

In 1988, he starred in Joseph Zito's Red Scorpion. Lundgren plays a Soviet KGB agent who is sent to an African country to assassinate the leader of an anti-communist rebel movement, but eventually switches sides. The film was poorly received and has an 17% "rotten" rating at Rotten Tomatoes. Stephen Holden of The New York Times said, "Dolph Lundgren's pectorals are the real stars of Red Scorpion, an action-adventure movie set in the fictional African country of Mombaka. Filmed from below so that one has the sense of peering up at a massive kinetic sculpture, his glistening torso, which over the course of the film is subjected to assorted tortures, is the movie's primary visual focus whenever the action slows down. And since Mr. Lundgren remains stone-faced, rarely speaking except to issue commands in a surprisingly hesitant monotone, his heaving chest actually communicates more emotion than his mumbling lips."

Lundgren then starred as Marvel Comics character Frank Castle (a.k.a. The Punisher) in the 1989 film The Punisher. The film was directed by Mark Goldblatt, with a screenplay by Boaz Yakin. Although it is based on the Marvel Comics character, the film changes many details of the original comic book origin and the main character does not wear the trademark "skull". The Punisher was filmed in Sydney, Australia and also featured Louis Gossett Jr., Jeroen Krabbé, Kim Miyori, and Barry Otto. The film received mainly negative reviews, and currently holds a 24% "rotten" rating at Rotten Tomatoes. Christopher Null gave the film 1 out of 5, stating the film was "marred by cheeseball sets and special effects, lame fight sequences, and some of the worst acting ever to disgrace the screen." Not all critics disliked it, however; while criticizing the film's storyline and acting, Time Out magazine concluded the film was "destructive, reprehensible, and marvelous fun".
In 1990, Lundgren starred in Craig R. Baxley's sci-fi thriller I Come in Peace (also known as Dark Angel) opposite Brian Benben, Betsy Brantley, Matthias Hues and Jay Bilas. Lundgren plays a tough Houston cop with an inner sensitivity, who does not let the rules of police procedure prevent him pursuing his mission to wipe out a gang of drug dealers who killed his partner. Lundgren said of his role, "What attracted me to Dark Angel is that I get to do more than just action. There's some romance, some comedy, some drama. I actually have some clever dialogue in this one. I get to act."

In 1991, Lundgren starred in Manny Coto's action film Cover Up opposite Louis Gossett Jr. Lundgren portrays a US Marine veteran turned reporter and who finds his own life in jeopardy after stumbling across a political cover-up. In Mark L. Lester's martial arts action film Showdown in Little Tokyo, he and Brandon Lee play police officers investigating the yakuza. The film received a mainly negative reception from critics and was criticized for its violence; Vincent Canby of The New York Times described it as "violent, but spiritless." Variety wrote "Lundgren can hold his own with other action leads as an actor and could easily be Van Damme-marketable if only he'd devote as much attention to quality control as he does to pectoral development." David J. Fox of the Los Angeles Times, however, described the film as a "class act", and some retrospective critics find it to be entertaining for its genre.

In 1992, Lundgren starred in the sci-fi action picture Universal Soldier directed by Roland Emmerich. Lundgren (as Sergeant Andrew Scott) and Jean-Claude Van Damme (as Luc Deveraux) play U.S. soldiers who died during the Vietnam War, only to be later reanimated in a secret Army project to be sent on missions as GR operatives. At the 1992 Cannes Film Festival, Van Damme and Lundgren were involved in a verbal altercation that almost turned physical, but it was believed to have only been a publicity stunt. Universal Soldier opened in theatres on 10 July 1992, a moderate success domestically with $36,299,898 in US ticket sales, but a major blockbuster worldwide, making over $65 million overseas, which earned the film a total of $102 million worldwide, on a $23 million budget. Despite being a box office hit, it was not well-received; mainstream critics dismissed the movie as a Terminator 2 rip-off. Film critic Roger Ebert said, "it must be fairly thankless to play lunks who have to fight for the entire length of a movie while exchanging monosyllabic idiocies", and included Universal Soldier in his book I Hated, Hated, Hated This Movie.

In 1993, Lundgren starred opposite Kristian Alfonso and George Segal in Vic Armstrong's Joshua Tree. Lundgren plays Wellman Anthony Santee, a former racecar driver who is framed by police officer Frank Severance (Segal) for the murder of a highway patrolman. Much of the film was filmed in the Alabama Hills of the Sierra Nevada and the desert of the Joshua Tree National Park of southeast California.

In 1994, Lundgren starred in Bruce Malmuth's Pentathlon as an East German Olympic gold medalist pentathlete on the run from an abusive coach. Lundgren trained with the U.S. pentathlon team in preparation for the role, which later led to him being selected to serve as the (non-competing) Team Leader of the 1996 U.S. Olympic Modern Pentathlon team during the Atlanta Games, to promote the image of the sport and to coordinate planning and other details between the team and the United States Olympic Committee. The film was seen negatively by most critics; Film Review said it was "appallingly acted and monotonous" and Video Movie Guide 2002 described it as a "silly Cold War thriller".

Later in 1994, Lundgren appeared in Perry Lang's Men of War (scripted by John Sayles) alongside Charlotte Lewis and BD Wong, as Nick Gunar, a former Special Ops soldier who leads a group of mercenaries to a treasure island in the South China Sea. The film was well received by some critics. One author said "Men of War invokes the most vividly remembered fighting in a foreign land of recent Western history. This innovation, associating the muscle image with the Vietnam experience, is carried over into other contemporary muscle films." Another said, "fine performances by an all-star Dolph Lundgren as a mercenary assigned to 'convince' a cast in this offbeat and disturbing film."

In 1995, Lundgren appeared in Robert Longo's Johnny Mnemonic, co-starring Keanu Reeves. The film portrays screenwriter William Gibson's dystopian cyberpunk view of the future with the world dominated by megacorporations and with strong East Asian influences. Reeves plays the title character, a man with a cybernetic brain implant designed to store information. Lundgren plays Karl Honig, a Jesus-obsessed hitman and street preacher who wears a robe and carries a shepherd's staff. Critical response was negative overall; Roger Ebert said, "Johnny Mnemonic is one of the great gestures of recent cinema, a movie which doesn't deserve one nanosecond of serious analysis." The film was a financial disappointment, grossing $19,075,720 in the domestic American market against its $26m budget. The cloak worn by Lundgren in the film is now located in the lobby of the Famous Players Coliseum in Mississauga, Ontario, it was his last theatrical release film until 2010. Later in 1995, Lundgren appeared in Ted Kotcheff's The Shooter, an action drama in which he plays Michael Dane, a U.S. Marshall who gets caught up in politics when he is hired to solve the assassination of a Cuban ambassador.

1996 - 2009: subsequent films and directorial efforts

In 1996, Lundgren starred in Russell Mulcahy's Silent Trigger, playing a former Special Forces agent who joins a secretive government agency as an assassin.  The Motion Picture Guide to the films of 1997 said, "this stylish but empty thriller gives square-jawed Dolph Lundgren another shot at straight-to-video immortality".

In 1997, Lundgren starred in Frédéric Forestier's The Peacekeeper, playing Major Frank Cross of the US Air Force and the only man who can prevent the president being assassinated and with the ability to thwart an imminent nuclear holocaust. The film co-starred Michael Sarrazin, Montel Williams, Roy Scheider and Christopher Heyerdahl, and was shot on location in Montreal. The film was praised for its exciting action sequences. Doug Pratt described the first half of the film as "excellent" and described Lundgren's character as "tenacious", although Robert Cettl wrote "the Peacekeeper trades on the presence of B-movie action star Dolph Lundgren, an actor who never became as popular as his action contemporaries Jean-Claude Van Damme and Steven Seagal."

In 1998, he appeared in Jean-Marc Piché's action/supernatural horror film The Minion alongside Françoise Robertson Lundgren portrays Lukas Sadorov, a middle eastern templar and member of an order who are charged with guarding the gateway to Hell that, if opened, will unleash all evil.  The DVD and Video Guide of 2005 described the film as being "possibly one of the worst films ever". Later in 1998, Lundgren appeared alongside Bruce Payne and Claire Stansfield in Sweepers as Christian Erickson, a leading demolition expert and head of an elite team of specialists, trained to disarm mine fields in a humanitarian minesweeping operation in Angola. The Video Guide to 2002 said, "that noise you hear isn't the numerous on-screen explosions but action star Lundgren's career hitting rock bottom." He also featured in the TV pilot Blackjack (directed by John Woo) as a former US Marshal who becomes the bodyguard and detective of a young supermodel (Kam Heskin), who becomes the target of a psychotic assassin (Phillip MacKenzie). One review described  the narrative as "laughably stupid", while the DVD and Video Guide to 2005 said, "dull, lightweight, made-for-TV action fully to a satisfying climax".

In 1999, Lundfren played a mercenary in Isaac Florentine's Bridge of Dragons, a military pilot in Anthony Hickox's Storm Catcher, and a cop who's a former boxer in Jill Rips, also directed by Hickox, based on a 1987 novel by Scottish writer Frederic Lindsay.

In 2000, Lundgren starred in The Last Warrior as Captain Nick Preston under director Sheldon Lettich. In Damian Lee's Agent Red (also known as Captured), co-starring Alexander Kuznetsov and Natalie Radford and Randolph Mantooth, Lundgren plays a soldier trapped on a submarine during the  Cold War who must work with his wife, a virologist, to prevent a terrorist chemical attack against the United States. After the film was completed, producer Andrew Stevens thought it was too poor to be released and multiple people had to be hired to at least make the film half-competent. The film was very poorly received, given its "shoestring budget"; the DVD and Film Guide of 2005 wrote, "low-budget mess stars Dolph Lundgren as a navy special operations commander trying to keep a deadly virus out of the hands of terrorists. This subpar effort sinks to the bottom of the ocean in a tidal wave of cliche." During an interview on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno in May 2008, Gladiator director Ridley Scott said Lundgren had been considered for the part of undefeated fighter Tigris of Gaul in 2000, but was eventually rejected because "as an actor, he just didn't fit in with what we were trying to achieve".

In 2001, Lundgren starred in Hidden Agenda, directed by Marc S. Grenier. He plays Jason Price, an ex-FBI agent who protects a witness. In 2003, Lundgren featured in Sidney J. Furie's Detention.

In 2004, Lundren appeared opposite Polly Shannon in Direct Action under Sidney J. Furie, portraying Sergeant Frank Gannon, an officer who has spent the last three years on the Direct Action Unit (DAU) task force, fighting gang crime and corruption and after he leaves he is hunted down by former colleagues for betraying the brotherhood. That year, he played a role in Ed Bye's comedy Fat Slags. His next starring role was in the science fiction picture Retrograde. In it Lundgren plays a man who is in a group of genetically unique people who travel back in time to prevent the discovery of meteors containing deadly bacteria."

In 2004, Lundgren made his directorial debut with The Defender, when he replaced  Sidney J. Furie who was sick during pre-production. Lundgren also stars, playing the bodyguard of the head of the National Security Agency during a war on terror.

In 2005, Lundgren starred and directed his second picture The Mechanik (a.k.a. The Russian Specialist), playing a retired Russian Special Forces hitman caught in the crossfire with Russian mobsters. Sky Movies remarked that The Mechanik is "hardcore death-dealing from the Nordic leviathan" and said that "The Mechanik delivers all the no-nonsense gunplay you'd want of a Friday night".

In 2006, Lundgren played gladiator Brixos in the Italian-made historical/biblical drama, The Inquiry (L'inchiesta) a remake of a 1986 film by the same name, in an ensemble that includes Daniele Liotti, Mónica Cruz, Max von Sydow, F. Murray Abraham and Ornella Muti. Set in AD 35 in the Roman Empire, the story follows a fictional Roman general named Titus Valerius Taurus, a veteran of campaigns in Germania, who is sent to Judea by the emperor Tiberius to investigate the possibility of the divinity of the recently crucified Jesus. The film, shot on location in Tunisia and Bulgaria, premiered at the Capri, Hollywood and the Los Angeles Italia Film Festival.

In 2007, Lundgren directed and starred in the Mongolia-based action adventure, Diamond Dogs. Lundgren plays a mercenary hired by a group of fortune hunters to act as their guide and bodyguard. The film, a Canadian-Chinese production, was shot on location in Inner Mongolia. Later in 2007, Lundgren wrote, directed and starred in the modern western film, Missionary Man alongside Charles Solomon Jr.. Lundgren plays a lone, Bible-preaching stranger named Ryder who comes into a small Texas town on his 1970's Harley-Davidson motorcycle to attend the funeral of his good friend J.J., a local Native American carpenter, only to later get mixed up in a series of brawls with a local gang. According to Lundgren, it had long been a desire of his to direct a western, having long been a fan of Clint Eastwood and John Wayne, yet he did not want to spend the time and money building an old western town and hiring horses, so decided to set it in modern times with a motorbike. The film, shot on location in Waxahachie, south of Dallas, Texas, was specially screened at the 2008 AFI Dallas Film Festival.

In 2008, Lundgren starred in the direct-to-video action flick Direct Contact. He plays an ex-US Special forces operative on a rescue mission. This was followed by another direct to video film Command Performance (2009), a hostage action drama in which Lundgren, a proficient musician in real life, plays a rock drummer forced to face terrorists at a concert. The film co-starred Canadian pop singer Melissa Smith, playing a world-famous pop singer in the film and his own daughter, Ida, on her screen debut, who played one of the daughters of the Russian president. The story was inspired by a concert Madonna put on for Russian President Vladimir Putin, although Lundgren has also likened the pop singer to Britney Spears. The film premiered at the Ischia Global Film & Music Festival on 18 July 2009.

In 2009, The Dolph Lundgren Scholarship was instituted in his name, which is awarded to the student with the best grades at Ådalsskolan in Kramfors, the school where he himself studied. Lundgren then reunited with Jean-Claude Van Damme in Universal Soldier: Regeneration, where he plays Andrew Scott's clone. The film was released theatrically in the Middle East and Southeast Asia and directly to video in the United States and other parts of the world. Since its release, the film has received better than average reviews for a straight-to-DVD franchise sequel, with film critic Brian Orndorf giving the film a B, calling it "moody, pleasingly quick-draw, and knows when to quit, making the Universal Soldier brand name bizarrely vital once again." Dread Central gave it 3 out of 5 knives, saying "there is almost nothing but solid b-level action until the credits roll." On the negative side, Pablo Villaça said in his review that while he praised Van Damme's performance, he criticized that of Lundgren and described the film "dull in concept and execution".

Later in 2009, Lundgren directed and starred as a businessman whose shady past as a KGB special agent is discovered in the hit-man thriller Icarus (retitled in the US and the UK as The Killing Machine).

2010 to present day: return to prominence and current projects

In 2010, Lundgren made a guest star appearance on the TV series Chuck in the fourth-season premiere episode, "Chuck Versus the Anniversary", as Russian spy Marco, with references to Rocky IV'''s Ivan Drago. He then played a drug-addled assassin in the ensemble action film The Expendables, in a cast which includes popular action stars such as Stallone, Jason Statham, Jet Li
and Randy Couture as an group of elite mercenaries, tasked with a mission to overthrow a Latin American dictator. It was described by Lundgren as "an old-school, kick-ass action movie where people are fighting with knives and shooting at each other." The film received mixed reviews from critics but was very successful commercially, opening at number one at the box office in the United States, the United Kingdom, China and India.

Lundgren was one of three hosts for the 2010 Melodifestivalen, where the Swedish contribution to the Eurovision Song Contest is selected. In the first installation on 6 February, Lundgren co-hosted the competition together with comedian Christine Meltzer and performer Måns Zelmerlöw. Lundgren's appearance was hailed by critics and audience, particularly his rendition of Elvis Presley's "A Little Less Conversation".

Lundgren played the lead role in Uwe Boll's In the Name of the King 2: Two Worlds, and had supporting roles in Jonas Åkerlund's Small Apartments and a thriller called Stash House. Principal photography for Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning began on 9 May 2011 in Louisiana, and filming wrapped on One in the Chamber (co-starring Cuba Gooding Jr.) around the same time. The Expendables 2 entered principal photography in late September/early October 2011, with Lundgren reprising his role as Gunner Jensen. Filming wrapped in January 2012, and it was released by Lionsgate on 17 August later that year.

In 2013, Lundgren starred alongside Steve Austin in The Package. Directed by Jesse Johnson, principal photography wrapped in March 2012, and the film was released on 9 February 2013. For a direct-to-DVD film, The Package was not a financial success. In its first week of release, the film debuted at no. 81; grossing $1,469 at the domestic box office. He starred in a number of other films later that year, including Legendary, Battle of the Damned, Ambushed, and Blood of Redemption.

In 2014, Lundgren co-starred opposite Cung Le in the action film Puncture Wounds, and reprised his role as Gunner Jensen for the third time in The Expendables 3. He then wrote, produced, and starred alongside Tony Jaa and Ron Perlman in Skin Trade, an action thriller about human trafficking. Principal photography started on 2 February 2014 in Thailand, and wrapped in Vancouver; April the same year.Friel, Eoin (19 March 2014) "Tony Jaa Interview" , The Action Elite; retrieved 9 March 2015. The film received a limited theatrical release, followed by a Blu-ray and DVD release on 25 August 2015."August 2015 DVD Releases", movieinsider.com; retrieved 20 August 2015. In February, he filmed a cameo for the Coen brothers' 2016 comedy film Hail, Caesar!, portraying a Soviet submarine captain.

On 21 January 2015, Lundgren started filming straight-to-video film Shark Lake on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. This was followed by a further six weeks of filming in the "Reno-Tahoe area". In the film, he portrays Clint Gray, a black-market dealer of exotic species responsible for releasing a dangerous shark into Lake Tahoe. Directed by Jerry Dugan, the film's budget was $2 million. On 23 May, straight-to-video film War Pigs premiered at the GI Film Festival. In the film, Lundgren co-starred (alongside Luke Goss) as Captain Hans Picault, a French Legionnaire who trains a U.S. Army Infantry group to go behind enemy lines and exterminate the Nazis. In August 2015, he started filming Kindergarten Cop 2 in Ontario, Canada, a straight-to-video sequel to the 1990 comedy film that starred Arnold Schwarzenegger.Orange, B. Alan. "First Look at Dolph Lundgren in 'Kindergarten Cop 2'", www.movieweb.com, published 13 August 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2015. He portrays Agent Reed, a law enforcement officer who must go undercover as a kindergarten teacher, in order to recover a missing flash drive from the Federal Witness Protection Program. Throughout that year, he starred in a number of other straight-to-video films, including the crime thriller The Good, the Bad and the Dead and the prison film Riot. He starred in the music video of Imagine Dragons's Believer, which was released on 7 March 2017. In August 2017, he portrayed the future version of Gil Shepard in the Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming.

In 2018, Black Water, an action thriller, directed by Pasha Patriki was released. Also starred Van Damme, this was their fifth collaboration between both actors as well as the first time they appear together as on-screen allies.Kit, Borys. "Jean-Claude Van Damme, Dolph Lundgren Team for Action Thriller 'Black Water'", The Hollywood Reporter, published 4 January 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017. Lundgren reprised his role of Ivan Drago from Rocky IV in Creed II, the 2018 sequel to Creed.  He played an older, impoverished Drago in the film, which also introduces the character's son, Viktor. This marked the beginning of what New York Magazine has described as Lundgren's "comeback." Also that year, Lundgren appeared in the DC Extended Universe film Aquaman, from director James Wan, as the underwater king Nereus. Later in 2021, Lundgren starred and directed in the 2021 action film Castle Falls as Richard Ericson, in his first feature film as directed in nearly 12 years.

In 2022, Lundgren starred in a series of Old Spice advertisements to promote a new antiperspirant line of deodorant spray. The advertisements depicted the 65 year old actor as a young adult doing an "80s action movie spoof."

Training and diet
Although Lundgren has never competed as a professional bodybuilder, he has been closely associated with bodybuilding and fitness since his role as Drago in the mid-1980s. Bodybuilding.com said, "Looking like a man in his 30s rather than his 50s, Lundgren is the poster boy of precise nutrition, supplementation and exercise application that he has practiced for over 35 years". In an interview with them, he claimed to often train up to six days a week, usually one-hour sessions completed in the morning, saying that "it's just one hour a day, and then you can enjoy the other 23 hours". Although he had begun lifting weights as a teenager, he cites co-star Sylvester Stallone as the man who got him into serious bodybuilding for a period in the 1980s after he arrived in the U.S. Stallone had a lasting influence on his fitness regimen and diet, ensuring that he ate a much higher percentage of protein and split his food intake between five or six smaller meals a day. Lundgren has professed never to have been "super strong", saying that, "I'm too tall and my arms are long. I think back then [Rocky IV] I was working with around 300 pounds on the bench and squat."

In a January 2011 interview with GQ he announced he was working on releasing his own range of vitamins and supplements. He wrote an autobiographical fitness book, Train Like an Action Hero: Be Fit Forever'', published in Sweden (by Bonnier Fakta) on 9 August 2011, offering tips he learned over the years to work out in various situations (with a busy schedule and a lot of traveling). It also discusses a detailed account of his earlier life and troubles. He cites a better quality of life as having inspired him to maintain his physical fitness.

When in Los Angeles, he trains at the Equinox Gym in Westwood and previously at home in Marbella, Spain, he trained at the Qi Sport Gym in Puerto Banús. Lundgren also spars and practices karate aside from weight lifting. He cites dead lifting and squats as the best exercises for muscle building. Lundgren is not a heavy drinker, but has professed on many occasions to being fond of tequila and cocktails, citing his knowledge in chemical engineering as "making really good drinks".

Personal life
Lundgren splits his time between Stockholm and Los Angeles. He speaks Swedish and English fluently, as well as smaller amounts of French, German, Italian, Japanese, and Spanish, but is not fluent in five languages as has often been reported.

He is an avid football fan. He supported Everton F.C. when he lived in Europe, but developed more of an interest in international football tournaments (such as the UEFA European Championship and the FIFA World Cup) after moving to Los Angeles.

During the 1980s, Lundgren had relationships with Jamaican singer Grace Jones and American model Paula Barbieri.  While Lundgren was completing a master's degree in chemical engineering on an exchange program with the University of Sydney in Australia, Jones spotted him at a dance club and hired him as a bodyguard. Lundgren was whisked off to the United States, where he completed his final thesis.

In 1994, he married Anette Qviberg (b. 1966), a jewellery designer and fashion stylist, in Marbella. The couple decided they liked Marbella so much that they rented accommodations there for years, before eventually buying a family home there. They have two daughters: Ida Sigrid Lundgren (b. 1996) and Greta Eveline Lundgren (b. 2001), both born in Stockholm. Lundgren and Qviberg cited the reason for living outside Hollywood was to give their children as normal a childhood as possible.  In early May 2009, three masked burglars reportedly broke into Lundgren's Marbella home. The burglars tied up and threatened his wife, but fled when they found a family photo and realized that the house was owned by Lundgren. Lundgren later stated he believed the intruders to be Eastern European and had asked contacts in Bulgaria to investigate them, but to no avail. After the incident, Lundgren's elder daughter, Ida, suffered from PTSD. His wife was the "most traumatized", and they divorced in 2011.

Lundgren was in a relationship with Jenny Sandersson from 2011 to 2017. Lundgren became engaged to 38 years younger Norwegian personal trainer Emma Krokdal in June 2020. They married at their villa in Mykonos on July 13, 2023.

In May 2023, Lundgren revealed that he had been battling kidney cancer since 2015.

Filmography

Awards and honors

Special awards

Exhibition boxing record

References

External links

1957 births
20th-century Swedish engineers
20th-century Swedish male actors
21st-century Swedish engineers
21st-century Swedish male actors
21st-century Swedish male writers
Clemson University alumni
Engineers from Stockholm
Fulbright alumni
KTH Royal Institute of Technology alumni
Kyokushin kaikan practitioners
Living people
Male actors from Stockholm
People from Kramfors Municipality
Scientists from Stockholm
Swedish chemical engineers
Swedish expatriate male actors in the United States
Swedish expatriates in Australia
Swedish expatriates in Spain
Swedish film directors
Swedish film producers
Swedish Lutherans
Swedish male boxers
Swedish male film actors
Swedish male karateka
Swedish male judoka
Swedish male television actors
University of Sydney alumni
Washington State University alumni
Writers from Stockholm

Dolph Lundgren


Jorden rundt på 80 minutter er en dokumentarfilm fra 1955 instrueret af Hakon Mielche.

Handling
Helt op til nutiden har de store oceaners dybder, dem fra 6000 meter og derunder, kun været udforsket med et trawlnet fra det svenske skib Albatros i 1948. Men nu har det danske ekspeditionsskib Galathea fuldført sin jordomspændende sejllads. Ekspeditionen varede godt 21 måneder og dens arbejdsfelt var alle de største havdybder, hvor ingen redskaber nogensinde før havde været. Forskerne fandt i hundredvis af helt nye fisk og andre dyrearter, som alle vil komme til at hedde Galathea til efternavn.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1955
Film fra Galathea 2

Jorden rundt på 80 minutter


Zoran Jašek (Doboj, 10. veljače 1956.) hrvatski je skladatelj, tekstopisac, aranžer, producent, instrumentalist, gitarist, orguljaš, etnomuzikolog i glazbeni pedagog.

Život
Rodio se u Doboju 1956. godine na dan smrti bl. Alojzija Stepinca. Diplomirao je na Muzičkoj akademiji u Zagrebu 1978.

Oženjen je i 40 godina živi u braku sa suprugom Zlaticom, za koju kaže da je iznimno strpljiva te se uz njezinu potporu posvetio glazbi. Kći Martina diplomirala je obou i novinarstvo te radi na Hrvatskoj radioteleviziji. Sin Marko diplomirao je pri glazbenoj akademiji te radi kao skladatelj i glazbeni pedagog. Voditelj je nekoliko kulturno-umjetničkih društava, zborova i solista.

Djelo
U svom pedagoškom radu, osnovao je i vodio dječje zborove »Hrvatski mališani« iz Melbournea u Australiji (s kojim je snimio i album), »Zagrebačka škvadra« i »Prva ljubav« u Zagrebu te nekoliko crkvenih zborova. Pune 32 godine radio je kao glazbeni pratitelj (korepetitor) i scenski glazbenik u Zagrebačkom kazalištu mladih, a 12 godina bio je glazbeni urednik marketinškoga programa Hrvatske radiotelevizije.

Bio je umjetnički ravnatelj Hrvatskog vojnog festivala »Pleter« te dječjih festivala »Radost u pjesmi« u Svetoj Nedjelji i »Proljeće u Centru Kaptol« u Zagrebu. Kao gitarist objavio je instrumentalni album »Doživite radost Božića« 1999. godine. Radi kao profesor glazbene kulture u osnovnoj školi u Rakitju te vodi školski zbor i zbor mladih župe u Kerestincu. Osnivač je, voditelj i dirigent Svetonedeljskog komornog gitarističkog orkestra s kojim je ostvario niz nastupa u zemlji i inozemstvu, posebno među hrvatskim iseljeništvom.

Nagrade
Za svoj rad i suradnju s Hrvatima u Australiji uvršten je u knjigu 100 najuspješnijih Hrvata koji su djelovali u Australiji.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 HDS ZAMP Baza autora: Zoran Jašek (popis skladba)

Hrvati u Bosni i Hercegovini
Hrvatski skladatelji
Hrvatski tekstopisci
Hrvatski gitaristi
Hrvatski glazbeni pedagozi
Etnomuzikologija
Hrvatski orguljaši

Hrvatski glazbeni producenti
Životopisi, Doboj

Zoran Jašek


FIP aşağıdakilerden birinin kısaltmasıdır:

 Fédération Internationale de Philatélie, Uluslararası filateli federasyonunun Fransızcası
 Feline infectious peritonitis, ev kedilerini etkileyen corona virüs enfeksiyonu ile bağlantılı kompleks bir hastalık

FIP


La sulprostona es un oxitócico.

Es un análogo de la prostaglandina E2.

Referencias

Fármacos genitourinarios

Sulprostona


Capítulo Perfeito, atualmente Allianz Capítulo Perfeito powered by Billabong por razões de patrocínio, é uma competição profissional de surfe realizada em Portugal.

A competição ocorre sempre no inverno, podendo ser de novembro a Janeiro, já que busca o melhor dia de ondas do inverno no local onde está sendo disputada.

A edição de 2015, que reuniu pela primeira vez atletas de fora de Portugal, deu origem ao documentário "O Capítulo de Todos os Santos".

Vencedores

Competições de surfe

Capítulo Perfeito


Metličasti žednjak (lat. Sedum cepaea), biljna vrsta iz porodice tustikovki. Rasprostranjen je po zemljama Mediterana. U Hrvatskoj je rijedak, svega nekoliko lokaliteta među kojima barfem dva nova nalaza u Požeško-slavonskoj županiji.

Stariji su mu nazivi tustenjača i žednjak lopatasti

Sinonimi
 Cepaea caesalpini Fourr.
 Sedum amani Post
 Sedum calabrum Ten.
 Sedum gallioides All.
 Sedum paniculatum Lam.
 Sedum schwarzii Werderm.
 Sedum spathulatum Waldst. & Kit.
 Sedum strictum K.Koch
 Sedum tetraphyllum Sm.

Izvori

Žednjak
Flora Hrvatske
Flora Albanije
Flora Alžira
Flora Bugarske
Flora Italije
Flora Korzike
Flora Istočnoegejskih otoka
Flora Grčke
Flora Libanona i Sirije
Flora Libije
Flora Maroka
Flora Rumunjske
Flora Sardinije
Flora Sicilije
Flora Španjolske
Flora Švicarske
Flora Tunisa
Flora Turske

Metličasti žednjak


Le championnat de Nationale 2 de basket-ball est le deuxième plus haut niveau du championnat de France de basket-ball. Vingt-quatre clubs participent à la compétition divisés en deux poules de douze.

À la fin de la saison régulière, les équipes classées première de leur poule montent en Nationale 1 et se dispute sur une manche le titre de Champion de France de Nationale 2.

Les équipes classées de la  à la  de Nationale 2 à l'issue de la saison régulière du championnat, descendent en Nationale 3.

Clubs participants

Poule A

Poule B

Saison régulière

Classement saison régulière

Poule A

|}

Poule B

|}
 Le 11 février 1984, Skeeter Jackson du SC Charenton réalise la meilleure performance de la saison en marquant 56 points contre Cholet Basket.

Leaders points
 Etrangers

Finale

La rencontre opposant les premiers de chaque poule pour le titre de champion de France se déroule à Cholet
 CA Saint-Étienne b. Mulhouse BC 108-89 (57-35)

Sources et références

Voir aussi
 Championnat de France de basket-ball 1983-1984

1983-1984
Championnat de France en 1983
Championnat de France en 1984
Basket-ball en 1983
Basket-ball en 1984

Championnat de France de basket-ball de deuxième division 1983-1984


Ștefănuț Iancu (n. 1863, Mândruloc, Arad - d. 1924, Arad) a fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, organismul legislativ reprezentativ al "tuturor românilor din Transilvania, Banat și Țara Ungurească", cel care a adoptat hotărârea privind Unirea Transilvaniei cu România, la 1 decembrie 1918.

Biografie
Ștefănuț Iancu a studiat la Academia Teologică din Arad.

Activitatea politică
A fost preot, membru al P.N.R., iar după 1918 președinte al despărțământului protopopesc Arad al Asociației Clerului "Andrei Șaguna".

Note

Bibliografie
 Ioan I. Șerban, Dorin Giurgiu, Ionela Mircea, Nicolae Josan, Dicționarul personalităților Unirii. Trimișii românilor transilvăneni la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, Muzeul Național al Unirii, Alba Iulia, 2003, ISBN 973-8141-90-7
 Gelu Neamțu, Mircea Vaida-Voevod, 1 decembrie 1918. Mărturii ale participanților, vol. I-II, Editura Academiei Române, București, 2005, ISBN 973-27-1258-9 (vol. I); ISBN 973-27-1264-3 (vol. II)

Lectură suplimentară
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureș, 1993
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918
  1 decembrie 1918, Marea Unire de la Alba Iulia. Mărturii, documente și semnificații

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Nașteri în 1863
Decese în 1924
Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Preoți români

Ștefănuț Iancu


Baronul Miklós Istvánffy de Baranyavár et Kisasszonyfalva (în ; ) a fost un politician, istoric umanist și poet maghiar, care a servit ca guvernator palatin al Ungariei (în ) din 19 ianuarie 1582 până în august 1608.

Este adesea numit "Titus Livius al Ungariei" datorită activității istoriografice și pentru că a studiat la Padova, locul de naștere al marelui istoric roman (numit pe atunci Patavium).

Viața
El a fost al doilea fiu al lui Pál Istvánfi ("fiul lui István"), comite (comes) al comitatului Baranya și membru al Consiliului Regal. Mama lui a fost a doua soție a tatălui său, Hedvig Gyulay. Unul dintre frații lui, István (d. 1585) a deținut funcția de vicecomite (vicecomes) al comitatului Veszprém. Familia a trebuit să părăsească Baranya când otomanii au invadat și au ocupat Pécs-ul în 1543 (armatele creștine au reușit să recupereze orașul doar în 1686). Istvánffy l-a servit pe arhiepiscopul Pál Várdai în Nagyszombat (azi Trnava, Slovacia).

După moartea lui Várdai (1549) s-a bucurat de protecția lui Nicolaus Olahus. A studiat la Universitatea din Bologna și la Universitatea din Padova după 1551. La Padova a învățat filologia latină de la savantul umanist János Zsámboky.

Istvánffy s-a întors acasă în 1556 și, probabil, a devenit un soldat în trupele lui Nikola Šubić Zrinski (în ), eroul Bătăliei de la Szigetvár. Între 1558 și 1559 a funcționat ca secretar al lui Olahus, care a servit în calitate de Cancelar al Ungariei din 1543. Istvánffy a devenit un oficial al Cancelariei după 1559. Olahus a fost numit guvernator regal al Ungariei în 1562.

El a încercat să dobândească noi moșii și terenuri în locul fostelor sale posesiuni, dar nu a reușit. În 1576, a fost sol la Pașa de la Budin Eyalet pentru a se întoarce la castele ocupate în timp de pace, fără succes. El a fost un Sfetnic Regal în anul 1578. După moartea lui Imre Czobor, a fost numit guvernator palatin (sau vicepalatin) de către regele Rudolf pe 24 iunie 1581, cu toate acestea, Dieta Ungariei a aprobat numirea numai în luna ianuarie 1582. Istvánffy a fost responsabil pentru afaceri judiciare. El a fost numit castelan al castelului Sopron în 1585. A servit ca reprezentant, împreună cu Péter Heresiniczy, episcop de Győr și cancelar al Ungariei, Regatul Poloniei pentru eliberarea arhiducelui Maximilian, între decembrie 1588 și martie 1589.

În timpul Războiului de cincisprezece ani, el a fost autorizat în mod ilegal pentru a recupera taxa de război în Slavonia. A participat la Bătălia de la Pákozd pe 3 noiembrie 1593, și la Asediul de la Petrinja în vara anului 1595. El a fost unul dintre cei trei delegați ai lui Rudolf care au preluat controlul Transilvaniei de la principele Sigismund Báthory în 1598. De asemenea, a fost prezent la Asediul orașului Nagykanizsa (1600), când orașul a căzut în mâinile lui Tiryaki Hasan Pașa și a devenit capitala nou-înființatei Kanije Eyalet. Un an mai târziu, armata creștină a încercat să recupereze orașul, dar a suferit o grea și decisivă înfrângere.

Istvánffy a servit ca Portar (în , în ) de la 1599 până la moartea sa. În 1603 a elaborat hotărârea sub care luteranul István Illésházy fost ilegal condamnat la moarte și confiscarea averii. Ca urmare, el a atras ura aristocraților protestanți. În 1605, a fost unul dintre membrii delegației de Habsburg a fost responsabilă pentru încetarea contractului de cooperare între Ahmed I și Ștefan Bocskay. El a fost unul dintre semnatarii Păcii de la Zsitvatorok (1606), care s-a încheiat Războiul de cincisprezece ani. În 1608, Pálffy István și Istvánffy Miklós au călătorit în Hainburg pentru a-l invita pe arhiducele Matthias înaintea Dietei Ungariei. În timpul acesta a suferit un accident vascular cerebral și brațul drept i-a paralizat.

El a fost unul dintre cei patru candidați pentru funcția de Vicerege în același an, dar a fost învins de fostul său adversar István Illésházy. A suferit un accident vascular cerebral din nou și s-a retras din viața publică. A murit în 1615 și a fost îngropat în Vinica.

Căsătorie
Istvánffy s-a căsătorit în 1569 cu Erzsébet Both de Bajna, fiica lui György Both de Bajna și a Borbálei Hásshágy. Au avut patru copii:
 Éva, căsătorită cu Ivan Drašković, ban al Croației (1550-1613)
 Orsolya, căsătorită cu János Dóczy de Lipcse
 Katalin, căsătorită cu György Keglevich de Buzin
 Pál (d. martie 1581)

Referințe

Bibliografie
 Markó, László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig – Életrajzi Lexikon p. 232.  (Ofițerii de rang Înalt al Statului maghiar de Sfântul Ștefan în Prezent – Un Biografice Enciclopedie) (ediția a 2-a); Helikon Kiadó Kft., 2006, Budapesta; ISBN 963-547-085-1.
 Magyar életrajzi lexikon 1000-1990
 Mimi.hu
 Istvánffy arcképe
 Az Istvánffy család leszármazása
 Révai nagy lexikona (X. kötet, HÉROLD-JÓB)

Nașteri în 1538
Decese în 1615
Maghiari din secolul al XVI-lea
Contrareforma
Istorici maghiari
Nobili maghiari
Politicieni maghiari
Absolvenți ai Universității din Padova

Miklós Istvánffy


Les  sont une super-famille d'insectes hémiptères hétéroptères (punaises) nepomorphes.

Description
Il s'agit de punaises aquatiques, nageant sur le ventre, au corps aplati, modérément convexe, ovale à presque rond, sans ocelles, sans processus respiratoires à l'apex de l'abdomen. La tête et le pronotum ne sont pas fusionnés. Les pattes antérieures sont ravisseuses, à fémurs épaissis.

Répartition et habitat
Elles sont de répartition cosmopolite. Elles vivent dans les mares et les lacs, parfois les cours d'eau lents.

Biologie
Ces punaises sont prédatrices, et se nourrissent de divers invertébrés, des larves de libellules, des mollusques, des corixidae, des larves de diptères (moustiques et autres).

Systématique
Les Naucoroidea comprennent trois familles existantes, les Naucoridae, ainsi que les Aphelocheiridae et les Potamocoridae. Toutefois, la systématique reste discutée. Certains auteurs ont considéré les deux dernières familles comme appartenant à une super-famille séparée, les Aphelocheiroidea. D'autres considèrent ces deux familles comme des sous-familles au sein des Naucoridae, les Aphelocheirinae et les Potamocorinae.

Les Naucoroidea comprennent également deux familles fossiles, les †Leptaphelocheiridae et les †Triassocoridae dont les plus anciens représentants remontent à l'Anisien (Aegéen, Trias moyen), entre -247 et -242 millions d'années.

Liste des familles
Selon  :
 famille Aphelocheiridae Fieber, 1851
 famille Naucoridae Leach, 1815
 famille Potamocoridae Usinger, 1941

Familles fossiles, selon  :
 famille †Leptaphelocheiridae Polhemus, 2000
 famille †Triassocoridae Tillyard, 1922
 genre †Canteronecta Mazzoni, 1985

Galerie

Liens externes

Notes et références

Nepomorpha
Super-famille d'Hémiptères (nom scientifique)
Hétéroptère (nom scientifique)

Naucoroidea


Sadakalar, Kahramanmaraş ilinin Pazarcık ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Mahallenin adının nereden geldiği ve tarihi hakkında bilgi yoktur.

Coğrafya
Kahramanmaraş iline ? km, Pazarcık ilçesine 23 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Pazarcık'ın mahalleleri

Sadakalar, Pazarcık


NGC 7735 je eliptična galaktika u zviježđu Pegazu.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

  Hartmut Frommert: Revidirani Novi opći katalog
  Izvangalaktička baza podataka NASA-e i IPAC-a
  Astronomska baza podataka SIMBAD
   VizieR
 DSS-ova slika NGC 7735
  Auke Slotegraaf: NGC 7735 Deep Sky Observer's Companion
  NGC 7735 DSO-tražilica
  Courtney Seligman: Objekti Novog općeg kataloga: NGC 7700 - 7749

7735

NGC 7735


Le raïon de Gatchina (en ) est une subdivision administrative de l'oblast de Léningrad, dans le nord-ouest de la Russie. Son centre administratif est la ville de Gatchina.

Géographie
Le raïon couvre une superficie de .

Le raïon de Gatsina est bordé au nord par le raïon de Lomonossov de l'oblast de Leningrad, au nord-est par la ville de Saint-Pétersbourg, à l'est par le raïon de Tosno, au sud par le raïon de Louga et à l'ouest par le raïon de Volossovo.

Municipalités du raïon

Population
Recensements (*) ou estimations de la population :

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Liens externes

Articles connexes

Raïon de Gatchina

Raïon de Gatchina


كمال أبو رية (23 أكتوبر 1962 - )، ممثل مصري. تخرج من معهد الفنون المسرحية عام 1985، وهو زوج الممثلة المصرية ماجدة زكي، شارك بعدد كبير من الأعمال في التلفزيون.

أعماله

أفلام

مسلسلات

مسرحيات
 دنيا حبيبتي:2014فارس
 الشبكة:2005
 فارس ايد الهون:2001
 يا طالع الشجرة تاني .. ليه ؟:1996
 بكره:1994
 كاليجولا:1992-هيليكون
 سيرك يا دنيا:1982

سهرة تليفزيونية

أخرى
 مسلسل إذاعي: الإمام محمد عبده:2012-الإمام محمد عبده
 فيلم قصير: هو النهارده ايه:2007

روابط خارجية

مصادر

خريجو المعهد العالي للفنون المسرحية (مصر)
ممثلون مصريون
مواليد 1382 هـ

كمال أبو رية


A Primeira Divisão do Campeonato Colombiano de Futebol de 2022, oficialmente conhecida como Liga BetPlay DIMAYOR 2022 por conta do patrocínio, foi a 75ª temporada da Categoría Primera A, a principal divisão do futebol colombiano (e a 93ª edição como primeira divisão). A liga contou com a participação de 20 times e será organizada pela División Mayor del Fútbol Colombiano (DIMAYOR), entidade esportiva responsável em âmbito nacional pelo futebol colombiano profissional e ligada à Federação Colombiana de Futebol (FCF), entidade máxima do futebol na Colômbia. A temporada começou em 20 de janeiro e foi concluída em novembro de 2022. O certame foi dividido em dois torneios próprios e independentes, o Torneo Apertura no primeiro semestre do ano e o Torneo Clausura no segundo semestre, e por conta disso, coroou dois campeões.

Regulamento

Sistema de disputa
A Liga BetPlay de 2022 foi dividida em dois torneios oficiais: Cada um desses torneios terá três fases: primeira fase, semifinal e final. Na primeira fase, em ambos os torneios, os times se enfrentam em turno único no sistema de pontos corridos (todos contra todos), num total de 19 rodadas, além de jogarem 1 partida extra contra o seu rival, totalizando 20 rodadas. Os oito melhores avançam para o mata-mata, em caso de igualdade na pontuação, são critérios de desempate:
 melhor saldo de gols,
 mais gols pró,
 mais gols pró como visitante,
 menos gols sofridos como visitante,
 sorteio.
Na semifinal os oito times serão sorteados em 2 grupos com quatro times, os jogos acontecerão no sistema ida-volta, totalizando 6 rodadas. Ao final, os líderes de cada grupo jogarão a final do torneio, em caso de igualdade na pontuação, são critérios de desempate:
 melhor saldo de gols,
 mais gols pró,
 mais gols pró como visitante,
 menos gols sofridos como visitante,
 sorteio.
A final será realizada em duas partidas, em caso de igualdade na pontuação, são critérios de desempate:
 melhor saldo de gols;
 disputa de pênaltis.

Sobre o rebaixamento: dois times serão rebaixados para o Torneo BetPlay II ao final da temporada.

Vagas em outras competições
Ao final da temporada, os campeões do Torneo Apertura e Torneo Clausura, e o clube mais bem posicionado (com exceção dos dois campeões) da classificação geral se classificam à Taça Libertadores de 2023, os quatro clubes subsequentes (com exceção dos já classificados à Taça Libertadores) se classificam à Copa Sul-Americana de 2023.

Participantes

Promovidos e rebaixados da temporada anterior
20 times participarão da temporada, 18 deles que permaneceram da temporada anterior e mais dois times promovidos do Torneo BetPlay (segunda divisão) de 2021. Os times promovidos são o Cortuluá e o Unión Magdalena.

Informações dos clubes

Torneo Apertura

Classificação da Primeira fase

Desempenho por rodada

Resultados da Primeira Fase

Semifinais Apertura
Os 8 times que avançaram para as semifinais foram sorteados em dois grupos com quatro times cada, as 2 melhores equipes foram alocadas em grupos diferentes. Os vencendores de cada grupo avançarão para a final.

Grupo A

Grupo B

Final Apertura

O  venceu no agregado por 4-3.

Torneo Clausura

Classificação da Primeira fase

Desempenho por rodada

Resultados da Primeira Fase

Semifinais Clausura
Os 8 times que avançaram para as semifinais foram sorteados em dois grupos com quatro times cada, as 2 melhores equipes foram alocadas em grupos diferentes. Os vencendores de cada grupo avançarão para a final.

Grupo A

Grupo B

Final Clausura

Empato em 1–1 no agregado, Deportivo Pereira venceu nos pênaltis.

Premiação

Tabela Acumulada da Temporada

Rebaixamento
Uma tabela separada é feita para determinar as equipes que serão rebaixadas para a segunda divisão na próxima temporada. Esta tabela é elaborada pela soma de todas as partidas de primeira fase jogadas na temporada atual e nas duas anteriores, com os pontos ganhos sendo divididos pelo número de partidas jogadas. Os dois piores times ao final da temporada serão rebaixados para a segunda divisão.

Artilharia

Torneo Apertura

Source: Soccerway

Torneo Clausura

Source: Soccerway

Colômbia
Desporto na Colômbia em 2022

Campeonato Colombiano de Futebol de 2022 – Primeira Divisão


Abalone iki kişi ile oynanan bir zeka oyunudur. 1989 yılında Michel Lalet ve Laurent Lévi tarafından geliştirilmiştir.

Oyunun özellikleri
Abalone altı köşeli ve altmış bir delikten oluşan bir yüzeyde, küre şeklinde olan on dört adet beyaz ve on dört adet siyah taşla oynanır. Mermer taşlarla yapılan sumo güreşi diye de özetleyebileceğimiz oyunda amaç rakibin altı taşını oyun alanının dışına atmaktır. Sınırsız kombinasyona sahip bir zeka oyunu olmasının yanında öğrenilmesi de çok kolaydır. Ayrıca mermer taşlar oyuncuları fiziksel olarak da rahatlatır. Rakibin taşlarını iterken çıkan tık-tık-tık sesini müziksel bulanlar bile vardır.

Oyunun kuralları

Hareket ettirme
Oyunu her zaman siyahlar başlatır. Aşağıda görülen standart açılış dizilimidir. Beş taş arkada altı ortada üç taş ise öndedir. Oyunda taşlar üç şekilde hareket ettirilebilir:
 Tek bir taşı en yakınındaki bir deliğe
 İki veya üç taşı çizgisel bir yöne
 İki veya üç taşı kendilerinin yan taraflarına (taşlar aynı yönde hareket ettirilmelidir)

Hamle yapılırken taşlar bir delikten fazla hareket ettirilimezler. Hamle sırasında her oyuncunun sadece bir adet(rakip oyuncunun taşını oyun alanının dışına itse dahi) hamle hakkı vardır.ilk önce 6 taşı oyun dışına atan kazanır.

Rakip oyuncunun taşlarını ittirme (Sumito)
Eğer aynı çizgi üzerinde bir oyuncunun taşları diğer oyucunun taşları bitişikse ve rakip oyuncunun taşından bir veya iki fazla taşı var ise bu durumda taşı fazla olan oyuncu rakibinin taşlarını bir deliği geçmeyecek şekilde itebilir; bu hamleye Sumito denir. Sumitonun olması için rakip oyuncunun taşlarının arkasında bir adet boş delik bulunması lazımdır. Sumito sadece çizgisel yönde olabilir yatay şekilde olmaz. 3 adet Sumito vardır:

 2-1 Sumito: Kendi iki taşınızla rakibin bir taşını itersiniz
 3-1 Sumito: Kendi üç taşınızla rakibin bir taşını itersiniz
 3-2 Sumito: Kendi üç taşınızla rakibin iki taşını itersiniz

Eğer rakip çizgisel yönde üç veya daha fazla taş dizmişse bu taşları rakibin dizdiği yönde itemezsiniz. Abalone'de aynı anda en fazla üç taş hareket ettirilebilir.

Dış bağlantılar

 Aba-Pro  2003'te Graz'da düzenlenen 8. ICGA oyunlarını kazanan ücretsiz Abalone programı
 i-abalone - Haberler, online turnuvalar, sonuçlar, forum (İngilizce/Fransızca)
 Forum - Çözümler üzerine bir forum (İngilizce/Fransızca)
 AbaloneTheory-Forum - Oyun üzerine teoriler (İngilizce/Fransızca/Almanca)
 abalone_prog  - Abalona programlaması hakkında Yahoo grubu

Soyut strateji oyunları
20. yüzyıl oyunları

Abalone (oyun)


La Villa romana de Baños de Valdearados, también conocida como Villa de Santa Cruz, se encuentra en el oficialmente denominado "Yacimiento arqueológico de la Villa Romana de Santa Cruz", situado en Baños de Valdearados, en la comarca burgalesa de Ribera del Duero, en Castilla y León (España).

Los restos de la villa romana bajoimperial (siglos IV y V) se localizan a unos 300 m al sur de Baños, por la carretera de Aranda de Duero a Caleruega, en las proximidades del río Bañuelos y a la vía romana que discurría entre Caesaraugusta (actual Zaragoza), Asturica Augusta (actual Astorga) y Bracara Augusta (actual Braga), la villa de Santa Cruz se ubica en el territorium de Clunia Sulpicia (capital de un Convento Jurídico de la Hispania Citerior) de la que dista pocos kilómetros.

El yacimiento está considerado BIC con fecha 11 de marzo de 1994.

Descubrimiento y origen
El descubrimiento del yacimiento se produjo de manera fortuita al encontrase restos de mosaicos y cerámica al trabajar con una excavadora para nivelar los terrenos en la zona llamada de Santa Cruz. En una primera observación por expertos, se detectaron además restos de imbrex, fustes de columnas y estuco decorativo.

Como resultado de las primeras campañas de excavación por José Luis Argente, durante los años 1973, 1974 y 1978 salió a la luz una villa romana de grandes dimensiones, típica de la época bajoimperial, de diez habitaciones y cuatro pasillos, que reflejan el gusto estético, riqueza y esplendor de sus ilustrados propietarios de finales del  y principios del .

El área excavada, de algo más de 1000 m², muestra tan sólo una parte de la extensión total que ocuparía la villa. De la cerámica y otros cimientos y restos encontrados, se deduce que ya existía un edificio anterior, de los siglos al  del que se reutilizarían partes para la villa de Santa Cruz de finales del .

También se han se ha encontrado una necrópolis altomedieval con varias tumbas que se pueden fechar entre los siglos y .

La villa

En la villa existe una compleja red de abastecimiento, almacenaje y evacuación del agua que se distribuye radialmente por galerías desde un pozo, que estuvo activo hasta el . Algunas habitaciones disponen de hipocausto como sistema de calefacción mediante galerías de aire caliente.

Sin embargo, lo más característico de esta villa son los mosaicos hallados en tres de sus estancias:
 En el oecus o salón principal de la villa se encuentra un espectacular mosaico de 66 m² de gran originalidad y excelentemente conservado excepto por una pequeña laguna (mosaico perdido). La escena central, formada por dos paneles superpuestos están dedicados a la pompa triunfal de Dionisos/Baco al regresar triunfante de la India. En el panel superior aparece el cortejo dionisíaco con Dionisios, ebrio, junto a su compañero Ampelos y Ariadna, rodeados de otros siete personajes. En el panel inferior, se representa a Dionisos, junto a Ariadna y Pan, montado en un carro tirado por panteras. El mosaico está enmarcado por una cenefa de meandros de esvásticas interrumpida por seis espacios rectangulares con escenas de animales, de los que cuatro llevan inscripción latina con los nombres de los dioses de los vientos. En las esquinas, cuatro espacios cuadrangulares con bustos masculinos.
 En el triclinio o comedor, en forma de T, mosaico bastante deteriorado, decorado con diferentes motivos como una crátera inscrita en escudo, esvásticas con nudo de Salomón, ajedrezados, rombos, roseta,...
 Habitación con mosaico figurado, de esquema octogonal estrellado de ocho puntas con representaciones de las diosas Ceres y Fortuna, cuatro escenas con animales y con cuatro bustos femeninos en las esquinas.

Robo
Probablemente, durante la noche del 27 al 28 de diciembre de 2011, unos ladrones entraron en el yacimiento y con métodos rudimentarios extrajeron tres piezas del mosaico de la primera mitad del  existentes en la estancia del oecus:
 La primera, probablemente partida, formaba la parte inferior central del oecus, de unos 2,30 por 2,50 metros, representando la llegada triunfal (pompa triumphalis) del dios Baco de su retorno victorioso de la India portando sus atributos de divinidad, un tirso en su mano izquierda y una crátera en su derecha, montado sobre un carro tirado por panteras. Va acompañado por el dios Pan y Ariadna. Por su tema, calidad y por ser uno de los mosaicos mejor conservados de la península ibérica, se trata de una pieza única.
 Las otras dos, en los extremos, de 1,30 metros por unos 70 centímetros, que contenía los nombres de los dioses del viento Euro (EVRVS) con perro persiguiendo a una liebre y Céfiro (ZEFYRVS) con perro acosando a una gacela.

Véase también
 Anexo:Bienes de interés cultural de la provincia de Burgos

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Abásolo, J. A. Época Romana. Historia de Burgos. Edad Antigua. Burgos, 1985, pp. 291-359.
 Argente, J. L. La villa tardorromana de Baños de Valdearados (Burgos). Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura, 1979.
 Argente, J. L. y Díaz Díaz, A. Tercera campaña de excavaciones en la villa tardorromana de Baños de Valdearados (Burgos). NAH, 23, 1985, pp. 291-351.
 Blázquez, J.M. El mosaico con el triunfo de Dionysos de la villa romana de Valdearados (Burgos). Homenaje a Saenz de Buruaga, Badajoz, 1982, pp. 407-425.
 Fernández Castro, M. C. Villas romanas en España. Madrid, 1979, pp. 63, 85, 88, 122, 152 y 203.
 Gorges, J. G., Les villes hispano-romaines. Inventaire et Problèmatique Archèologiques. París, 1979, p.228.
 Mañanes, T. "Arqueología Vallisoletana II. Torozos, Pisuerga y Cerrato" (Estudios arqueológicos de la Cuenca del Duero), Institución Cultural Simancas, Valladolid, 1983, pp. 360-361 (mapa n.º 8).
 Uribarri, J.L. El mosaico romano de la casa de Baco, en Baños de Valdearados (Burgos). BIFG, n.º 82, 1974, pp. 99-108.

Enlaces externos

 Villa romana de Santa Cruz. En la web del Ayuntamiento. Consultado el 9 de enero de 2012.
 Imágenes del mosaico de Baco en el oecus. Consultado el 9 de enero de 2012.

Bienes de interés cultural de la provincia de Burgos
Yacimientos arqueológicos de la provincia de Burgos
Baños de Valdearados
Arquitectura de la Antigua Roma en Castilla y León
Mosaicos en España
Ribera del Duero
Obras de arte robadas
Arquitectura de España del siglo IV
Arquitectura de España del siglo V
Mosaicos romanos
Baños de Valdearados

Villa romana de Baños de Valdearados


Seneca Sinclair Wallace (nascido em 6 de agosto de 1980) é um ex-quarterback de futebol americano. Ele foi selecionado pelo Seattle Seahawks na quarta rodada do Draft de 2003 da NFL. Ele jogou futebol americano universitário em Iowa State. Ele também foi membro do Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers e Green Bay Packers.

Primeiros anos
Wallace frequentou a Cordova High School em Rancho Cordova, Califórnia, e foi um jogador de futebol e basquete. No basquete, ele ganhou honras da Conferência All-Sierra e menção honrosa All-Sacramento.

Carreira universitária
Wallace frequentou o Sacramento City College para ficar perto de casa a pedido de sua mãe. Depois de receber inicialmente apenas três ofertas, duas como wide receiver, Wallace se transferiu para a Iowa State University para seu primeiro e último ano.

 Biografia do Seattle Seahawks

Afro-americanos do século XX
Jogadores do Green Bay Packers
Jogadores do San Francisco 49ers
Jogadores do New Orleans Saints
Jogadores do Cleveland Browns
Jogadores do Seattle Seahawks
Quarterbacks de futebol americano
Jogadores de futebol americano afro-americanos
Jogadores de futebol americano da Califórnia
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1980

Seneca Wallace


An Themeda gigantea in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Antonio José Cavanilles, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Eduard Hackel och John Firminger Duthie. An Themeda gigantea in nahilalakip ha genus nga Themeda, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Themeda

Themeda gigantea


Birgitte Kofod Olsen (født 4. august 1965 i København) er uddannet jurist og har været aktiv indenfor debatten om privatliv og beskyttelse af persondata i Danmark. Hun har siden 2014 været partner i og medejer af Carve Consulting. Hun er uddannet jurist fra Københavns Universitet, hvorfor hun også har en ph.d.

Birgitte Kofod Olsen har tidligere været CSR-chef i Tryg og bestyrelsesleder i Rådet for Digital Sikkerhed. Hendes særlige ekspertise indenfor privacy og persondatabeskyttelse, samt erfaring med at arbejde med CSR i teori og praksis gennem mere end 20 år, gør hende til en ofte anvendt ekspert i Danmark. Gennem de seneste års debat om databeskyttelse og sikker datahåndtering har hun præget den offentlige debat, og hun blev udnævnt som den første formand for Rådet for Digital Sikkerhed og var med til at stifte tænkehandletanken DataEthics.

Uddannelse
Hun blev cand.jur. fra Københavns Universitet i 1991 og ph.d. sammesteds i 1998.

Udgivelser
Birgitte Kofod Olsen har bl.a. redigeret og skrevet:
EKSPONERET - grænser for privatliv i en digital tid, Gad, 2018
Kom i mål med SDG-erne" i Klimaledelse, red. af Eva Born Rasmussen, Forlaget Andersen, 2018
"Retten til respekt for privatliv" i Eva Ersbøl, red. EU's Charter, Djøf 2016
"Handicappede menneskers rettigheder", i Menneskerettigheder i Socialt Arbejd, red. af Nell Rasmussen, Nyt juridisk forlag, 2013
"Mobility management" i Klimaledelse, red. af Eva Born Rasmussen, Forlaget Andersen, 2013
"Strategisk CSR – dynamisk og robust forretningsudvikling", i Mette Reissmann, red., Social Ansvarlighed, Forlaget Andersen, 2010
Handicappede personers retlige handleevne, EU-ret og Menneskeret, nr. 4, 2009
"Kan en handicappet person ikke være lægdommer?", i Danmarks Domstole, nr. 46, 2009
"Et pluralistisk Europa – overvejelser om en retfærdig og bæredygtig strategi", i Denne verden fortjener at blive forandret: Hyldest til Isi Foighel, red. af Stephanie Lagoutte et al, Djøf, 2007
"Coordination of the work of NHRI's – From liaison to joint achievement", sammen med Anne-Marie Garrido, i Implementing Human Rights – Essays in Honour of Morten Kjærum, red. Rikke Frank Jørgensen og Klaus *Slavensky, Institut for Menneskerettigheder, 2007
"Den handlede kvinde – sexslave eller illegal migrant?", sammen med Pia Deuleran, i Visuelle dialoger, 3, Djøf, 2007 og "Handlede mennesker som rettighedshavere", i EU-ret og Mennskeret, Nr. 6, Djøf, 2007
Fra International ret til dansk ret, i Den ny Verden, DIIS, 2007
Ansvarlig redaktør på Institut for Menneskerettigheders udredningsserie, udredning nr. 1-7, 2003-09
"Ensuring Minority Rights in a pluralistic and "Liquid" Information Society", i "Global Human Rights in the Information Society", red. af Rikke Frank Jørgensen, MIT Press, USA, 2006
"EU's Charter om grundlæggende rettigheder, i Quo Vadis? EU efter forfatningstraktaten, Den nye verden",i "Tidsskrift for internationale studier", sammen med Christoffer Badse, DIIS, København, 2006
§ 70 i Henrik Zahle, Grundloven – kommenteret, DJØF, København, red. 2006
"At se tilbage og frem: har vi behov for privatlivsbeskyttelse?", i "Privatlivsbeskyttelse i IT-samfundet", red. sammen med Rikke Frank Jørgensen, Forlaget Thomson, København, 2005
Ph.d.-afhandlingen "Identifikationsteknologi og individbeskyttelse - en øvelse i juridisk teknologivurdering", Djøf, 1998

Udmærkelser
 Kraks Blå Bog, 2013.
 Årets Erhvervskvinde, 2012

Erhvervsfolk fra Danmark
Erhvervskvinder

Birgitte Kofod Olsen


Wolt je finska tehnološka kompanija koja je poznata kao dostavna služba restorana putem mobilne i internetske platforme. Osnovana je 2014. godine u finskom gradu Helsinkiju. Osnivač je Miki Kuusi.

Od lipnja 2020. godine Wolt djeluje u 22 zemalje i više od 80 gradova, uključujući i Tallinn, Stockholm, Vilnius, Kopenhagen, Prag, Brno, Beograd, Baku, Tbilisi, Atenu i Tel Aviv. U Hrvatskoj, dostupan je u Zagrebu, Splitu i Rijeci, od 2020. godine i u Osijeku, Zadru, Velikoj Gorici i Varaždinu te od siječnja 2021. u Puli i Slavonskom Brodu. Dostava je moguće unutar 4 km zračne linije od lokacije restorana.

Wolt danas ima preko 6 tisuća partnera restorana, 12 tisuća dostavljača-partnera i 5 milijuna registriranih korisnika.

Razvoj poduzeća

 2014. godina – Osnovano poduzeće u Finskoj.
 2015. godina – Prvi partnerski odnos s restoranom u formatu vlastitog preuzimanja hrane u restoranu.
 2016. godina – Razvoj Wolt platforme u Švedskoj i Estoniji.
 2017. godina – Dolazak na tržište Danske, Latviji i Litvi.
 2018. godina – Dolazak na tržište Hrvatskoj, Češkoj, Norveškoj, Mađarskoj, Gruziji, Izraelu i Poljskoj.
 2019. godina – Novo proširenje dostupnosti usluge na Grčku, Azerbajdžan, Srbiju i Slovačku.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Službene internetske stranice

Finske tvrtke
Ugostiteljstvo

Wolt


Valdivia, grad i općina u Čileu
 Valdivia (provincija), provincija u Čileu
 Valdivia (rijeka), rijeka u Čileu
 Valdivia (biljni rod), biljni rod

Valdivia (razdvojba)


O Reino de Kampuchea foi um estado fantoche do Japão que existiu no período de 9 de março a 16 de outubro de 1945.

História
Em 9 de março de 1945, durante os estágios finais da Segunda Guerra Mundial, o Japão derrubou o domínio francês na Indochina. Os administradores coloniais franceses foram destituídos de seus cargos e as forças militares francesas receberam ordens de se desarmar. Os japoneses esperavam reavivar o apoio das populações locais ao esforço de guerra de Tóquio, encorajando os governantes indígenas a proclamar a independência. Em 13 de março, o jovem rei Norodom Sihanouk proclamou um reino independente de Kampuchea (enquanto mudava o nome oficial do país em francês de Camboja para Kampuchea) após um pedido formal dos japoneses. Pouco tempo depois, o governo japonês ratificou nominalmente a independência do Camboja e estabeleceu um consulado em Phnom Penh. O decreto de Sihanouk acabou com os tratados franco-cambojanos anteriores e ele prometeu a cooperação e aliança de seu país recém-independente com o Japão. O novo governo acabou com a romanização da língua Khmer que a administração colonial francesa estava começando a aplicar e restabeleceu oficialmente a escrita Khmer. Esta medida tomada pela autoridade governamental de curta duração seria popular e duradoura, pois desde então nenhum governo no Camboja tentou romanizar a língua Khmer novamente. Outras mudanças incluíram o restabelecimento do calendário lunar budista.

A ocupação japonesa do Camboja terminou com a rendição oficial do Japão em agosto de 1945. Depois que as unidades militares aliadas entraram no Camboja, as forças militares japonesas presentes no país foram desarmadas e repatriadas. Os franceses conseguiram restabelecer a administração colonial em Phnom Penh em outubro do mesmo ano. Depois de prender Son Ngoc Thanh por colaboração com os japoneses em 12 de outubro, as autoridades coloniais francesas o exilaram na França, onde ele viveu em prisão domiciliar. Alguns de seus partidários passaram à clandestinidade e fugiram para o noroeste do Camboja, controlado pela Tailândia, onde acabaram unindo forças em um grupo pró-independência, o Khmer Issarak. Este movimento nacionalista politicamente heterogêneo anti-francês foi organizado com apoio tailandês, mas mais tarde se dividiria em facções.

Referências

Estados e territórios extintos em 1945
Estados e territórios fundados em 1945
Estados reais extintos
Potências do Eixo
Estados extintos do Camboja
!Artigos com texto em japonês

Reino do Kampuchea (1945)


Drum es una película del año 2004.

Sinopsis
Drum describe la vida de Henry Nxumalo, un periodista investigador que se hizo famoso en los años cincuenta en Sophiatown, un barrio que simboliza la resistencia cultural en Johannesburgo. Trabaja en Drum, una revista negra muy en boga en la época, una auténtica arma mediática. Durante este periodo, surgió y se expresó toda una generación de autores, críticos, músicos y periodistas sudafricanos comprometidos en el ámbito de la resistencia. A pesar del constante hostigamiento de las autoridades, Henry Nxumalo arriesgó su vida denunciando el trato a los negros durante los años del apartheid.

Premios
 FESPACO 2005
 Zanzíbar 2005

Referencias

Drum (película de 2004)