El cónclave de 1447 fue realizado tras la muerte del Papa Eugenio IV, y dio como resultado la elección del cardenal Tommaso Parentucelli, quien tomó el nombre de Nicolás V. Fue celebrado en la basílica romana de Santa María sopra Minerva.

Contexto histórico
Eugenio IV había muerto el 23 de febrero de 1447 en Roma. Al momento de su muerte, la situación política y religiosa en Europa era muy tensa. Mientras que el Concilio de Florencia había logrado la unidad con la Iglesia griega, ésta no había reconocido al Estado de Moscú, a cambio del reconocimiento de la autoridad del Papa, para obtener ayuda militar contra el Imperio Otomano. En la Iglesia latina continuaba el cisma del antipapa Félix V, apoyado por el Concilio de Basilea.

Cardenales electores
Los cardenales entraron al cónclave en el momento de Vísperas, el 4 de marzo, después de esperar los nueve días, entre la muerte del Papa y el comienzo del cónclave, establecidos por la Ubi periculum.

Presentes
De los veinticuatro cardenales vivos, sólo dieciocho estaban presentes en Roma para el cónclave:

 Giovanni Berardi
 Francesco Condulmer
 Domenico Capranica
 Niccolo d'Acciapaccio
 Giorgio Fieschi
 Basilio Besarión
 António Martins de Chaves
 Jean Le Jeune
 Guillaume d'Estouteville, O.S.B.Cluny
 Juan de Torquemada, O.P.
 Ludovico Trevisan
 Alfonso de Borja y Cavanilles
 Enrico Rampini
 Tommaso Parentucelli
 Juan Carvajal
 Giovanni de Primis, O.S.B.
 Prospero Colonna
 Pietro Barbo

Entre los electores había 11 italianos, tres españoles, dos franceses, un griego y un portugués. Dos electores (Capranica y Colonna) fueron nombrados por Martín V, sin embargo, el resto había sido nombrado por Eugenio IV.

Ausentes
7 cardenales no participaron en el cónclave (entre ellos dos británicos, un francés, un húngaro, un alemán, un español, y un griego):

 Pierre de Foix
 Enrique de Beaufort
 Juan de Cervantes
 John Kemp
 Zbigniew Olesnicki
 Isidoro de Kiev
 Petrus von Schaumber
 Dionisio Szécsi

Cuatro ausentes habían sido designados por Eugenio IV, dos por Martín V, y uno por el antipapa Juan XXIII.

Cardenales adherentes al antipapa Félix V

Dos cardenales nombrados por Papas legítimos (Martín V y Eugenio IV), pertenecían al Colegio cardenalicio, pero apoyaban al Concilio de Basilea y al antipapa Félix V. Ellos fueron: Louis Alleman, arzobispo de Arlés; y Zbigniew Olesnicki, obispo de Cracovia. Por lo tanto, no pertenecían al grupo de electores. Louis Alleman fue excomulgado oficialmente por Eugenio IV, el 11 de abril de 1440; mientras que Oleśnicki sufrió drásticas sanciones, a pesar de que, el 6 de septiembre de 1447, el Papa Nicolás V confirmó la dignidad de cardenal.

El curso del cónclave
El cónclave, al igual que el anterior, que había elegido a Eugenio IV, se llevó a cabo en la Sacristía de los Dominicos de Santa María sopra Minerva, a pesar de que varios miembros del Colegio cardenalicio preferían haberse trasladado al Vaticano.

Varios barones romanos, el más destacado entre ellos era Gio Baptista Savelli, insistieron durante un tiempo en tener el derecho a votar en el cónclave (aunque tal vez sólo deseaban seguir las votaciones), ya que la familia Savelli había obtenido el derecho a la protección de los procesos conclavistas desde el pontificado de Gregorio X, pero Gio Baptista quiso, por primera vez, llevar a cabo esta tarea desde el interior del cónclave; sin embargo, todos los barones fueron expulsados luego de la basílica dónde se llevaba a cabo el proceso eleccionario.

Prospero Colonna, un cardenal nepote, era considerado como el papable líder al inicio del cónclave. Al primer escrutinio (del domingo 5 de marzo), Colonna recibió 10 votos (por debajo de la mayoría necesaria de los dos tercios), Capranica obtuvo 8, y 5 Parentucelli, obispo de Bolonia.

Al día siguiente, los partidarios de los Colonna procedieron a votar por él, mientras que los otros ocho intentos para despegar votos no resultaron, al intentar cambiar su elección a los demás candidatos, incluyendo a los arzobispos no-cardenales de Benevento y Florencia. Colonna contaba con el apoyo de los cardenales franceses y los que se encontraban impresionados con el poder con que llevaba a las diversas ciudades-estado italianas, pero el pueblo romano no era un adherente a él, (que prefería a Niccolo d'Acciapaccio) debido al uso de la violencia de los Colonna durante el pontificado de su tío. Eneas Silvio Piccolomini, que fue uno de los custodios del cónclave, hablo sobre votos a favor de arzobispos, en la mañana del lunes 6 de marzo. Aun así, no parece haber prueba de que realmente recibieron votos.

El 6 de marzo, en el primer escrutinio de la mañana, Colonna de nuevo recibió 10 votos. Luego de ello, Capranica se dirige al cónclave, recordándoles sobre los peligros que enfrenta la Iglesia, incluyendo a los ejércitos de Alfonso, rey de Aragón, que se acercaba peligrosamente hacia Italia; además de la oposición que seguía representando Félix V. Los cardenales también cambiaron su opinión sobre Colonna, luego de que Capranica recordara que este se había llevado la mayor parte del tesoro papal a la muerte de Martín V, con la ayuda de sus parientes nobles, y que había sido durante un tiempo excomulgado por Eugenio IV.

La elección del obispo de Bolonia
Luego de este discurso, Tommaso Parentucelli aumentó considerablemente sus votos, y Giovanni Berardi (pensando que su colega estaba a punto de dar a conocer la elección de Colonna) lo interrumpió y le pidió un aplazamiento. En este punto Ludovico Trevisan, enojado con el bloqueo de Berardi a Colonna, preguntó a Berardi a quién deseaba ver electo. Berardi respondió "Bononiensis" (Parentucelli). Parentucelli (mal interpretando sus palabras, o quizá a propósito) declaró que también estaba dispuesto a dar su voto a la opinión de Berardi. "¡Entonces, yo doy mi voto por ti!" exclamó Berardi, una jugada que Trevisan se obligó a seguir. Uno tras otro, los cardenales dieron su voto a Parentucelli, obteniendo los doce votos necesarios (los dos últimos de manos de los cardenales de Marino y de S. Sisto), y la elección como sumo pontífice.

Electo tomó el nombre de Nicolás V, debido a la memoria de su maestro, el cardenal Niccolò Albergati. Poco antes del mediodía, Colonna, en su calidad de cardenal protodiácono, anunció la elección a los romanos, y el 19 de marzo coronó solemnemente a Nicolás en las escaleras de la Basílica Vaticana.

Referencias

Fuentes
 Trollope, Thomas Adolphus. 1876. Los cónclaves papales, como fueron y como son.
 Piccolomini, Eneas Silvio. Eneas Silvio Sienés... la muerte de Eugenio IV. creación y coronación de Nicolás V. Stephani Baluzii Miscellaneorum Liber Septimus (París 1715) 525-562.
 F. Petruccelli della Gattina, Historia diplomática de los cónclaves Volumen I (París: 1864), 236-252.
 J. B. Sägmüller, Las elecciones papales y los estados de 1447 a 1555 (Tübingen: H. Laupp 1890).
 Ludwig Pastor, Historia de los Papas (tr. R.F. Kerr) tercera edición Volumen II (St. Louis 1908), 3-26.
 Notas del Cónclave de 1447, por Dr. J. P. Adams.
 Izbicki, Thomas M. 2007. Las políticas de un cónclave: la elección papal de 1447. Cristianismo en la historia 28: 277-284.

1447

1447

Cónclave de 1447


Pietro Antonio Novelli, dessinateur, illustrateur, écrivain, poète, graveur et peintre italien du xviiie siècle
 Pietro Antonio Novelli I, mosaïste et un peintre italien de la fin xvie siècle et du début du xviie siècle ;
 Pietro Antonio Novelli II, peintre italien du xviie siècle ;

Pietro Antonio Novelli (homonymie)


ديبرا آن «ديبي» هاري  (ولدت 1 يوليو، 1945) هي فنانة تسجيل ومغنية وممثلة أمريكية. إنشهرت هاري كالمطربة الرئيسية في فرقة بلوندي (Blondie). سجلت أيضا خمس ألبومات بمفردها، وجلبن لها بعض النجاح، كما سجلت ألبوما كعضو في مجموعة جاز باسنجرس (Jazz Passengers) وقد مثلت هاري في أكثر من ثلاثين فيلما وبعض البرامج التلفازية.

أهم الأعمال الموسيقية
 1981: Koo Koo
 1986: Rockbird
 1989: Def, Dumb and Blonde
 1993: Debravation
 2007: Necessary Evil

أهم أعمالها مع فرقة بلوندي
 1976: Blondie
 1977: Plastic Letters
 1978: Parallel Lines
 1979: Eat to the Beat
 1980: Autoamerican
 1982: The Hunter
 1999: No Exit
 2003: The Curse of Blondie

روابط خارجية

مراجع

مغنون وكتاب أغاني أمريكيون في القرن 20
مغنون وكتاب أغاني أمريكيون في القرن 21
مغنون من ميامي
موسيقيون مزدوجو الميول الجنسية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أمريكيات في موسيقى إليكترونيك
أمريكيون متبنون
أمريكيون من أصل إسكتلندي
شخصيات إل جي بي تي من فلوريدا
شخصيات إل جي بي تي من نيوجيرسي
شخصيات إل جي بي تي من ولاية نيويورك
شخصيات مثلية القرن 20
شخصيات مثلية القرن 21
كتاب أغان مثليون
كتاب أغان من فلوريدا
كتاب أغان من نيوجيرسي
كتاب أغان من ولاية نيويورك
كتاب أغاني روك أمريكيون
كونترالتويون أمريكيون
مغنو بانك أمريكيون
مغنو بوب روك أمريكيون
مغنو ومغنيات بوب أمريكيون
مغنون أمريكيون في القرن 20
مغنون أمريكيون في القرن 21
مغنون مثليون من الولايات المتحدة
مغنون من فلوريدا
مغنون من مدينة نيويورك
مغنون من نيوجيرسي
مغنون وكتاب أغان من فلوريدا
مغنون وكتاب أغان من نيوجيرسي
مغنون وكتاب أغان من ولاية نيويورك
مغنون ومغنيات وكتاب أغان أمريكيون
مغنيات أمريكيات في القرن 20
مغنيات أمريكيات في القرن 21
مغنيات بانك
مغنيات بوب أمريكيات
مغنيات روك أمريكيات
مغنيات موجة جديدة
مغنيات وكاتبات أغان أمريكيات
ممثلات أداء صوتي أمريكيات
ممثلات أفلام أمريكيات
ممثلات ألعاب فيديو أمريكيات
ممثلات أمريكيات في القرن 20
ممثلات أمريكيات في القرن 21
ممثلات تلفزيون أمريكيات
ممثلات من أصل بريطاني
ممثلات من مدينة نيويورك
ممثلات من ميامي (فلوريدا)
ممثلات من نيوجيرسي
مواليد 1945
مواليد في ميامي
موسيقيات في القرن 20
موسيقيات في القرن 21
موسيقيو موجة جديدة أمريكيون
موسيقيون مثليون من الولايات المتحدة
موسيقيون من ميامي
نساء ثنائيات الميول الجنسية
نسويون أمريكيون

ديبي هاري


Berekvam Station (Berekvam stasjon) er en jernbanestation på Flåmsbanen i Norge. Der er to spor på stationen men kun perron ved det ene, så når to tog krydser hinanden på stationen, er det kun tilladt at stå af og på det tog, der holder ved perronen.

Stationen åbnede for godtrafik 1. august 1940 og for persontrafik 10. februar 1941. Stationsbygningen blev opført efter tegninger af Bjarne Friis Baastad ved NSB Arkitektkontor i 1939.

I 2012 var stationen blandt en række i det vestlige Norge, der var genstand for en nærmere undersøgelse af Jernbaneverket. De bemærkede at der var meget få fastboende i området ved stationen, men at den benyttedes af en del turister, der for eksempel tog toget dertil fra Flåm eller Myrdal for så at gå ned gennem Flåmsdalen til Flåm. Det samlede passagergrundlag var dog ikke særlig stort, men passagertallet skønnedes dog at være stigende. Hvis det fortsatte skulle der gøres noget ved problemet med, at der kun kan stiges af og på ved det ene spor. Umiddelbart var Jernbaneverkets konklusion dog, at stationen fortsat skulle opretholdes.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

Noter

Stationer på Flåmsbanen
Etableret i 1940

Berekvam Station


Aruncarea cu telefonul mobil este un sport, în care câștigătorul este cel care aruncă telefonul mobil cel mai departe.

Recorduri

 În 22 august 2012, un finlandez pe nume Ere Karjalainen a reușit să arunce cu un telefon mobil Nokia la aproximativ 101,46 metri depărtare, stabilind un record mondial.
 Germanul Tom Philipp Reinhardt a doborât recordul lui Ere Karjalainen, aruncând cu telefonul mobil la o distanță de aproximativ 136,75 de metri.

Note

Sport
Recorduri mondiale

Aruncarea cu telefonul mobil


Étienne Rolin (né le  à Berkeley, Californie) est un musicien (clarinettes, saxophones, flûte), compositeur et sculpteur français d'origine américaine.

Biographie

Étienne Rolin a étudié la philosophie et la musicologie à l'université de San Francisco de 1970 à 1974. Après avoir suivi des ateliers avec Donatoni, Ligeti, Messiaen et Xenakis, il a étudié l'harmonie et l'analyse musicale avec Nadia Boulanger.

À partir de 1979, Étienne Rolin a travaillé comme enseignant, notamment à l'ENM d'Angoulême, et a été responsable du département de jazz de l'ENM à Montauban de 1989 à 1995. De 1985 à 2018, il a été nommé professeur d'analyse musicale au Conservatoire national de musique de Bordeaux. Il est l'auteur de plus de 600 compositions, dont des commandes pour l'Ensemble intercontemporain, l'ensemble Accroche Note ou l'ensemble 2E2M. En tant que musicien, il a été membre de nombreux ensembles de musique de chambre et d'improvisation tels que l'Ensemble Polyfolia, Fine Tuning, Tribal Clarinet Trio et Cinégraphes (où il a enregistré avec François Rossé, Louis Sclavis, Vinko Globokar, Daniel Humair, Antoine Hervé ou ). En 1984, il a présenté sous son propre nom l'album Portraits : Quartet et Orchestre. On peut encore l'entendre sur des enregistrements de Rivière Composers' Pool.

Il est naturalisé français en 1982.

En 1985, il crée également le label « Erol Records » pour la musique improvisée.

En 1999, Etienne Rolin fonde avec François Rossé et Philippe Laval la maison d'éditions Tempéraments.

En 2004, il fonde le groupe de  « comprovisation », la NASA (Nouvelle Assemblée Sonore d'Aquitaine).

Il est formé au Soundpainting par  à partir de 2007. Il invente le système de notation EROLGRAPHS. Au CRR de Bordeaux, il est responsable de trois orchestres de Soundpainting C.H.A.M. Il est président de SoundPainters Sans Frontières.

Œuvres (sélection)
 . Prix SACEM de la partition pédagogique.

Ouvrage

 « Transmission Artistique »
 « Interdisciplinarité, Utopie ou voie d'avenir ? », distribution Tempéraments
 .

Notes et références

Liens externes

 .

Compositeur français de musique classique de la période contemporaine
Clarinettiste français
Saxophoniste français
Naissance à Berkeley (Californie)
Naissance en juillet 1952
Professeur au conservatoire à rayonnement régional de Bordeaux

Étienne Rolin


An Apoballis ovata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Wilhelm Schott, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni S.Y.Wong och Peter Charles Boyce. An Apoballis ovata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Apoballis, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Apoballis

Apoballis ovata


1964 සිට සරසවිය සම්මාන උළලෙහි හොඳ්ම නළුවා ලෙස සම්මාන ලැබූවන් පහත දැක්වේ.

Actor
Awards established in 1964
1964 establishments in Ceylon

සරසවිය හොඳම නළුවා සම්මානය


Le Territoire (O Território) en portugais est un film portugais réalisé par Raoul Ruiz et sorti en 1981.

Synopsis
Un groupe de jeunes randonneurs américains et français se retrouve sans son guide. Il est dès lors perdu dans une zone qui est perçue comme un labyrinthe inextricable.

Fiche technique
 Titre original : O Território
 Titre français : Le Territoire
 Réalisation : Raoul Ruiz
 Scénario : Raoul Ruiz et Gilbert Adair
 Musique : Jorge Arriagada
 Photographie : Henri Alekan
 Cadreur : Acácio de Almeida
 Son : Joaquim Pinto et Vasco Pimentel
 Montage : Valeria Sarmiento et Claudio Martinez
 Société de production : V.O. Filmes
 Pays de production :
 Durée :
 Dates de sortie :
 Portugal :
 France :

Distribution
 Isabelle Weingarten
 Geoffrey Carey
 Paul Getty Jr
 Rebecca Pauly
 Jeffrey Kime
 Artur Semedo
 Ethan Stone
 João Pedro Bénard da Costa
 Shila Turna
 Camila Mora
 José Nascimento

Sélection
 Festival international du film de La Rochelle 1985

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Didier Goldschmidt, Cinématographe, , février 1983,
 Joël Magny, Cinéma 83, , février 1983,
 Raphaël Bassan, La Revue du cinéma, , février 1983,
 Alain Masson, Positif, , mars 1983,
 Jeune Cinéma, , mars 1983,

Liens externes

Film portugais sorti en 1981
Film dramatique portugais
Film d'horreur portugais
Film réalisé par Raoul Ruiz
Film tourné au Portugal

Le Territoire (film, 1981)


(Pierre) Gilles de Corbeil – auch Aegidius von Corbeil,  Aegidius Corboliensis, auch Egidius Corboliensis und Egidius/Aegidius de Corbolio – (* um 1140 in Corbeil; † um 1224) war ein französischer Arzt, Hochschullehrer und Dichter. Er verfasste in lateinischer Sprache vier medizinische Gedichte und eine antiklerikale Satire.

Gilles de Corbeil gilt als bedeutender Vermittler salernitanischen Wissens und ist der einzige namentlich bekanntliche Lehrer aus der Frühzeit der Pariser Schule.

Gilles de Corbeil ist nicht mit seinem Zeitgenossen, dem Dichter Gilles de Paris, zu verwechseln.

Leben
Gilles de Corbeil lernte die Freien Künste in Paris und begab sich um 1160 nach Salerno, um dort bei den Meistern der berühmten Medizinschule zu studieren. Er lehrte danach Medizin in Montpellier und seit dem Ende des 12. Jahrhunderts an der Pariser Schule, die um 1200 in den Rang einer Universität erhoben wurde. Dort führte er den salernitanischen Unterrichtskanon ein und publizierte ihn (teils in Versform). In Paris wirkte er auch als Kanoniker an der Kathedrale Notre-Dame de Paris und als Leibarzt des französischen Königs Philipp II. August (Beide Angaben gelten als wissenschaftlich nicht gesichert).

Werke
Gilles de Corbeil wird hauptsächlich mit seinen vier medizinischen Werken in Verbindung gebracht:
 Carmen de pulsibus oder De pulsibus
 Carmen de urinis oder De urinis (Carmina de urinarum judiciis)
 Viaticus de signis et symptomatibus aegritudinum
 De laudibus et virtutibus compositorum medicaminum
Alle Werke sind im daktylischen Hexameter verfasst. Sowohl metrisch als auch inhaltlich sind sie der Gattung Lehrgedicht zuzuordnen. Bei De pulsibus und De urinis handelt es um Zusammenfassungen von Theophilus' Schrift zum Urin bzw. Philaretos' Werk zum Puls, in De pulsibus werden zudem auch Galens Werke und In techni des Constantinus Africanus als Prätexte genannt. De laudibus hingegen fußt nach Gilles eigener Aussage auf dem Antidotarium des Matthaeus Platearius.

Während De pulsibus und De urinis auch jenseits von Paris ein großes Publikum fanden, wurden der Viaticus und De laudibus vermutlich kaum rezipiert.

Gilles wird zudem als Verfasser eines weiteren Lehrgedichts mit dem Titel De simplicibus aromaticis (De cognitione quarundam medicinarum) diskutiert; Die Autorschaft ist jedoch umstritten.

Neben den medizinischen Werken verfasst Gilles auch eine antiklerikale Satire mit dem Titel Hierapigra ad purgandos praelatos, in dem er die Korruption und Vetternwirtschaft des zeitgenössischen Klerus kritisiert. Das Stück wurde in mehrere Volkssprachen übersetzt.

Ehrungen
Die Stadt Corbeil-Essonnes hat ihr Krankenhaus zu Ehren von Gilles de Corbeil benannt.

Literatur
 Mireille Ausécache: Gilles de Corbeil ou le Médecin Pédagogue Au Tournant des XIIe et XIIIe Siècles. In: Early Science and Medicine. Vol. 3 (1998), No. 3, S. 187–215 (französisch).
 Maurice Bariéty, Charles Coury: Histoire de la Médecine. Fayard, Paris 1963, S. 325–400 (französisch)
 Amaury Duval: Gilles de Corbeil, médecin et poète. In: Ders.: Histoire littéraire de la France: XIIIe siècle. Band 16 (13. Jahrhundert), Firmin Didot Père et Fils, Paris 1824, S. 506–511 (französisch).
  (Erwähnung von Gilles de Corbeils Werk)
 Gundolf Keil: Aegidius Corboliensis. In: Lexikon des Mittelalters. Band 1, München/Zürich 1980, Sp. 175 f.
 Gundolf Keil: Aegidius von Corbeil. In: Werner E. Gerabek u. a. (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin/ New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4, S. 8 f.
 Peter Kliegel: Die Harnverse des Gilles de Corbeil. 1972 (Medizinische Dissertation, Universität Bonn, 1972).
 Gernot Rath: Gilles de Corbeil as Critic of his Age. In: Bulletin of the History of Medicine 28 (1964), S. 133–138.
 Andrea Rzihacek-Bedő: Die Schule von Salerno. In: Dies.: Medizinische Wissenschaftspflege im Benediktinerkloster Admont bis 1500. Oldenbourg, Wien 2005, ISBN 3-7029-0483-2, S. 76 ff. (über Gilles de Corbeil S. 83 f.).
 Joachim Schönen: Die Medikamentenverse de Gilles de Corbeil. 1972 (med. Dissertation, Universität Bonn, 1972).
 Elisabeth Stein: Bittere Medizin für verkommene Geistliche. Die 'Hierapigra ad purgandos prelatos' des Aegidius von Corbeil. In: Thomas Haye, Franziska Schnoor (Hrsg.): Epochen der Satire. Traditionslinien einer literarischen Gattung in Antike, Mittelalter und Renaissance. Hildesheim 2008, S. 73–93.
 Karl Sudhoff: Commentatoren der Harnverse des Gilles de Corbeil. In: Archeion. Archivio di storia della scienza 11 (1929), S. 129–135.
 Johann Philipp Lorenz Withof: Nachricht von einem ehemals sehr hoch gehaltenen Arzneygelehrten Aegidius Corboliensis. Duisburg 1751.
 Camille Vieillard: Essai sur la dociété médicale et religieuse au XII e siécle. Gilles de Corbeil. Médicin de Philippe-Auguste et chanoine de Notre-Dame 1140 – 1224? Paris 1909.

Weblinks
 Maurice Bariéty, Charles Coury:  (französisch)

Einzelnachweise

Anatom
Urologe
Mediziner des Mittelalters
Mediziner (13. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Sorbonne)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Montpellier)
Hochschullehrer (Schule von Salerno)
Benediktiner
Dichterarzt
Sachbuchautor
Literatur (Mittellatein)
Literatur (13. Jahrhundert)
Franzose
Geboren im 12. Jahrhundert
Gestorben im 13. Jahrhundert
Mann

Gilles de Corbeil


Sivar Nordström (* 11. März 1933) ist ein ehemaliger schwedischer Orientierungsläufer.

Nordström wurde 1959 in Dänemark Dritter bei den Nordischen Meisterschaften. 1962 nahm er an den ersten Europameisterschaften im Orientierungslauf teil und belegte dabei den dritten Platz hinter dem Norweger Magne Lystad und Bertil Norman aus Schweden auf der 16,5 km Luftlinie langen Strecke mit 13 Posten. Mit der Mannschaft von Tierps IF gewann er 1966 die Tiomila.

Zusammen mit Peo Bengtsson gilt er als einer der Wegbereiter des O-Ringens, das seit 1965 jährlich in Schweden ausgetragen wird.

Platzierungen

Einzelnachweise

Orientierungsläufer (Schweden)
Schwede
Geboren 1933
Mann

Sivar Nordström


The  11th Armored Division (11 AD) was a division of the United States Army in World War II. It was activated on 15 August 1942 at Camp Polk, Louisiana and moved on 24 June 1943 for the Louisiana Maneuvers. Transferred then to Camp Barkeley, Texas on 5 September 1943, the division participated, beginning 29 October 1943, in the California Maneuvers and arrived at Camp Cooke California on 11 February 1944.  The division staged at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey from 16 to 29 September 1944 until departing New York Port of Embarkation on 29 September 1944, arriving in England on 11 October 1944.

The 11 AD landed in France on 16 December 1944, crossed into Belgium on 29 December, and entered Germany on 5 March 1945. The 11th Armored Division was disbanded in August 1945.

Commanders
Commanders of the 11th Armored Division were:

Major General Edward H. Brooks, August 1942 – March 1944
Brigadier General Charles S. Kilburn, March 1944 – March 1945
Brigadier General (later Major General) Holmes E. Dager, March 1945 – May 1945

Combat chronicle
The division was activated on 15 August 1942. It arrived in England 11 October 1944 and prepared for combat with two months' training on the Salisbury Plain. The division landed in Normandy on 16 December 1944, assigned to contain the enemy in the Lorient Pocket, but the onset of the Battle of the Bulge resulted in a forced march to the Meuse and the defense of a 30-mile sector from Givet to Sedan, 23 December. Launching an attack from Neufchâteau, Belgium, 30 December, the 11th defended the highway to Bastogne against fierce assault.

An eyewitness account by John Fague of B Company, 21st Armored Infantry Battalion of the 11th Armored Division, describes the killing of 80 German prisoners by American soldiers at the Chenogne massacre "Machine guns were being set up. These boys were to be machine gunned and murdered. We were committing the same crimes we were now accusing the Japanese and Germans of doing".

The division acted as spearhead of a wedge into the enemy line, and its junction with the First Army at Houffalize, Belgium, 16 January 1945, created a huge trap. After the liquidation of the Bulge, the Siegfried Line was pierced, Lützkampen falling 7 February, Grosskampenberg on the 17th, and the key point, Roscheid, 20 February.

After a brief rest, the division crossed the Prum and Kyll Rivers, taking Gerolstein and Nieder Bettingen against violent opposition. Andernach and Brohl fell 9 March, in the sweep to the Rhine. In the swing southward to clear the Saar-Moselle-Rhine pocket, the Moselle River was crossed at Bullay and the Worms Airport captured, 21 March.

After rest and maintenance, the division drove across the Rhine at Oppenheim, took Hanau and Fulda, and headed for the Thuringian Forest, reaching Oberhof, 3 April. The offensive raced through Bavaria, Coburg falling on the 10th, Bayreuth on the 14th.

In the final drive, the division crossed the Regen river, 24 April, overran Grafenau and Freyung, and plunged toward the Danube, seizing Rohrbach, Neufelden, and Zwettl. The enemy put up its last significant resistance along the approaches to Linz, Austria, but the 11th entered that city, 5 May. Pushing onward, elements contacted Soviet forces, 8 May, the first unit of the Third Army, to meet the Soviet Red Army.

On 5 May 1945, elements of the US 11th Armored Division liberated the Mauthausen concentration camp.

The war in Europe officially ended 9 May, and the division was placed on occupational duty until it was disbanded on 31 August 1945.

Composition
The division was composed of the following units:

 Headquarters
 Headquarters Company
 Combat Command A
 Combat Command B
 Combat Command Reserve
 22nd Tank Battalion
 41st Tank Battalion
 42nd Tank Battalion
 21st Armored Infantry Battalion
 55th Armored Infantry Battalion
 63rd Armored Infantry Battalion
 Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Armored Division Artillery
 490th Armored Field Artillery Battalion
 491st Armored Field Artillery Battalion
 492nd Armored Field Artillery Battalion
 41st Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron (Mechanized)
 56th Armored Engineer Battalion
 151st Armored Signal Company
 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 11th Armored Division Trains
 133rd Ordnance Maintenance Battalion
 81st Armored Medical Battalion
 Military Police Platoon
 Band

Casualties
Total battle casualties: 2,877
Killed in action: 432
Wounded in action: 2,394
Missing in action: 11
Prisoner of war: 40

References

External links

 European Center of Military History Order of Battle 11th Armd Division
 Thunderbolt: The Story of the 11th Armored Division (World War II unit history booklet)
 The 11th Armored Division Association
 Fact Sheet of the 11th Armored Division from http://www.battleofthebulge.org
 Hartman, J. Ted. Tank Driver: With the 11th Armored from the Battle of the Bulge to VE Day. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2014.

11th Armored Division, U.S.
Armored Division, U.S. 11th
Military units and formations established in 1942
1942 establishments in the United States
1942 establishments in Louisiana
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945

11th Armored Division (United States)


Moataz Nasr, nacido en alejandría en agosto de 1961,  es un pintor, escultor y artista multimedia egipcio , auto-proclamado activista cultural.

Datos biográficos
Nasr nació en Alejandría en agosto de 1961. Su padre pensaba que el arte no es una profesión, si acaso un entretenimiento, por lo que Nasr se vio estudiando económicas en la Universidad de Alejandría. La primera incursión de Nasr en la escena artística del arte egipcio fue en el año 1995 cuando presentó su trabajo en un concurso organizado por el Ministerio de Cultura Egipcio (وزارة الثقافة المصرية) y recibió un tercer premio. De todos modos, fue criticado por sus colegas artistas por ser un "outsider" de la escena artística, al no tener estudios académicos sobre Arte.

Carrera artística
Nasr irrumpió en la escena artística internacional en 2001 cuando una de las galerías de arte italianas más importantes, la Galleria Continua, presentó su trabajo y le incluyó en la lista de sus artistas en la cumbre. Nasr ha participado en muchas exposicionesy ha obtenido muchas distinciones y premios, entre otros: fue tercero en el 7º Salón de Jóvenes, un concurso organizado por el Ministerio de Cultura en 1995, el Premio de Pintura en la exposición Heliorama del centro Cultural Francés en El Cairo en 1997, el Gran Premio de la VIII Bienal Internacional de El Cairo de 2001, El Premio de la Bienal en la Bienal de Dakar de Senegal en 2002, el Premio del Ministerio de Cultura de la Bienal de Dak'art, Dakar, Senegal en 2004 y el Gran Premio de la Bienal de Sharjah en U.A.E en 2005.

En noviembre de 2008, Nasr fundó Darb 1718, que es un centro cultural y de arte contemporáneo egipcio localizado en la zona de la Fustat del Viejo Cairo. IEs una organización sin ánimo de lucro registrada con la misión establecida de ser un trampolín para hacer florecer el arte contemporáneo en Egipto." También tiene como objetivo presentar el arte contemporáneo local e internacional, el archivo gráfico y el mantenimiento de una amplia base de datos de arte en Egipto y en el área de MENA, así como de actuar como un frente educativo, mediante el préstamo de los talleres para proyectos y proyecciones de películas. El centro también tiene como objetivo involucrar a la comunidad local de Fustat a través de servicios a la comunidad y programas de extensión.

Notas y referencias

Notas

Enlaces externos

Enlaces externos

Escultores del siglo XX
Escultores del siglo XXI
Escultores de Egipto
Pintores de Egipto
Nacidos en Alejandría
Egipcios del siglo XX
Egipcios del siglo XXI
Pintores del siglo XX
Pintores del siglo XXI
Alumnado de la Universidad de Alejandría

Moataz Nasr


In music, a triad is a set of three notes (or "pitch classes") that can be stacked vertically in thirds. Triads are the most common chords in Western music.

When stacked in thirds, notes produce triads. The triad's members, from lowest-pitched tone to highest, are called:
 the root
Note: Inversion does not change the root. (The third or fifth can be the lowest note.)
 the third – its interval above the root being a minor third (three semitones) or a major third (four semitones)
 the fifth – its interval above the third being a minor third or a major third, hence its interval above the root being a diminished fifth (six semitones), perfect fifth (seven semitones), or augmented fifth (eight semitones). Perfect fifths are the most commonly used interval above the root in Western classical, popular and traditional music.

Some 20th-century theorists, notably Howard Hanson, Carlton Gamer, and Joseph Schillinger expand the term to refer to any combination of three different pitches, regardless of the intervals. Schillinger defined triads as "A structure in harmony of but three parts; conventionally, but not necessarily, the familiar triad of ordinary diatonic harmony." The word used by other theorists for this more general concept is "trichord". Others use the term to refer to combinations apparently stacked by other intervals, as in "quartal triad"; a combination stacked in thirds is then called a "tertian triad".

The root of a triad, together with the degree of the scale to which it corresponds, primarily determine its function. Secondarily, a triad's function is determined by its quality: major, minor, diminished or augmented. Major and minor triads are the most commonly used triad qualities in Western classical, popular and traditional music. In standard tonal music, only major and minor triads can be used as a tonic in a song or some other piece of music. That is, a song or other vocal or instrumental piece can be in the key of C major or A minor, but a song or some other piece cannot be in the key of B diminished or F augmented (although songs or other pieces might include these triads within the triad progression, typically in a temporary, passing role). Three of these four kinds of triads are found in the major (or diatonic) scale. In popular music and 18th-century classical music, major and minor triads are considered consonant and stable, and diminished and augmented triads are considered dissonant and unstable.

History
In the late Renaissance music era, and especially during the Baroque music era (1600–1750), Western art music shifted from a more "horizontal" contrapuntal approach (in which multiple, independent melody lines were interwoven) toward progressions, which are sequences of triads. The progression approach, which was the foundation of the Baroque-era basso continuo accompaniment, required a more "vertical" approach, thus relying more heavily on the triad as the basic building block of functional harmony.

The primacy of the triad in Western music was first theorized by Gioseffo Zarlino (1500s), and the term "harmonic triad" was coined by Johannes Lippius in his Synopsis musicae novae (1612).

Construction

Triads (or any other tertian chords) are built by superimposing every other note of a diatonic scale (e.g., standard major or minor scale). For example, a C major triad uses the notes C–E–G. This spells a triad by skipping over D and F. While the interval from each note to the one above it is a third, the quality of those thirds varies depending on the quality of the triad:
 major triads contain a major third and perfect fifth interval, symbolized: R 3 5 (or 0–4–7 as semitones)
 minor triads contain a minor third, and perfect fifth, symbolized: R 3 5 (or 0–3–7)
 diminished triads contain a minor third, and diminished fifth, symbolized: R 3 5 (or 0–3–6)
 augmented triads contain a major third, and augmented fifth, symbolized: R 3 5 (or 0–4–8)

The above definitions spell out the interval of each note above the root. Since triads are constructed of stacked thirds, they can be alternatively defined as follows:
 major triads contain a major third with a minor third stacked above it, e.g., in the major triad C–E–G (C major), the interval C–E is major third and E–G is a minor third.
 minor triads contain a minor third with a major third stacked above it, e.g., in the minor triad A–C–E (A minor), A–C is a minor third and C–E is a major third.
 diminished triads contain two minor thirds stacked, e.g., B–D–F (B diminished)
 augmented triads contain two major thirds stacked, e.g., D–F–A (D augmented).

Triads appear in close or open positions. "When the three upper voices are as close together as possible, the spacing is described as close position or close harmony. [...] The other arrangements [...] are called open position or open harmony."

Function

Each triad found in a diatonic (single-scale-based) key corresponds to a particular diatonic function. Functional harmony tends to rely heavily on the primary triads: triads built on the tonic, subdominant, and dominant degrees. The roots of these triads are the first, fourth, and fifth degrees (respectively) of the diatonic scale, and the triads are accordingly symbolized I, IV, and V. Primary triads "express function clearly and unambiguously." The other triads in diatonic keys include the supertonic, mediant, submediant, and subtonic, whose roots are the second, third, sixth, and seventh degrees (respectively) of the diatonic scale, symbolized ii, iii, vi, and vii. They function as auxiliary or supportive triads to the primary triads.

See also

Upper structure triad

References

Musical terminology
Simultaneities (music)
Chords
3 (number)

Triad (music)


("Kartuzija Sv. Martina") bivši je samostanski kompleks, sada muzej, u Napulju, južna Italija. Uz Castel Sant'Elmo koji stoji pokraj njega, ovo je najvidljivija znamenitost grada, smještena na vrhu brda Vomero koje dominira zaljevom. Kartuzijanski samostan, završen je i svečano otvoren pod vladavinom kraljice Ivane I. 1368. Bila je posvećena svetom Martinu iz Toursa. U prvoj polovici 16. stoljeća proširena je. Kasnije, 1623. godine, dodatno je proširena i postala je, pod vodstvom arhitekta Cosima Fanzaga, u biti građevina kakvu danas možemo vidjeti.

Godine 1799. antiklerikalne francuske okupacijske snage potisnule su samostan i natjerale redovnike u bijeg. U narednim desetljećima redovnici su nekoliko puta pokušali obnoviti svoju čartersku kuću, a posljednji pokušaj nije uspio 1866. godine, kada je država definitivno zaplijenila imovinu. Danas se u zgradama nalazi Nacionalni muzej San Martino s izložbom artefakata iz španjolskog i bourbonskog doba, kao i izlošcima presepe — jaslica — koje se smatraju među najboljima na svijetu.

Galerija

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Samostani u Napulju
Muzeji i galerije u Napulju
Kartuzijanski samostani u Italiji

Certosa di San Martino


ديميتروفي (Димитрове) هي مدينة في مقاطعة كيروفوهرادسكا في أوكرانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 5167   نسمة.

مراجع

مدن أوكرانيا

ديميتروفي (كيروفوهرادسكا)


Ceracis es un género de escarabajos de la familia Ciidae.

Se alimentan de hongos, especialmente de poliporos.

Se encuentra principalmente en el Nuevo Mundo, en América del Norte y del Sur, así como en diversas islas del Mar Caribe, también en Sudáfrica y en Japón.

Especies
Hay más de cuarenta especies.
 Ceracis bicornis Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis bifurcus Gorham, 1898
 Ceracis californicus Casey, 1884
 Ceracis cornifer Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis cucullatus Mellié, 1848
 Ceracis dixiensis Tanner, 1934
 Ceracis evansi Blair, 1944
 Ceracis furcatus Bosc, 1791
 Ceracis furcifer Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis hastifer Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis japonus Reitter, 1878
 Ceracis laminicollis Miyatake, 1982
 Ceracis laticornis Pic, 1922
 Ceracis latirostris Gorham, 1886
 Ceracis limai Madureira & Zacaro, 2002
 Ceracis militaris Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis minutissimus Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis minutus Dury, 1917
 Ceracis multipunctatus Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis nigricans Fauvel, 1904
 Ceracis nigropunctatus Lawrence, 1967
 Ceracis palaceps Zimmerman, 1942
 Ceracis particularis Pic, 1922
 Ceracis pecki Lawrence, 1971
 Ceracis powelli Lawrence, 1967
 Ceracis punctulatus Casey, 1898
 Ceracis quadricornis Gorham, 1886
 Ceracis quadridentatus Pic, 1922
 Ceracis ruficornis Pic, 1916
 Ceracis sallei Mellié, 1849
 Ceracis schaefferi Dury, 1917
 Ceracis shikokuensis Miyatake, 1954
 Ceracis simplicicornis Pic, 1916
 Ceracis singularis Miyatake, 1954
 Ceracis taurulus Jacqueline du Val, 1857
 Ceracis thoracicornis Ziegeler, 1845
 Ceracis variabilis Mellié, 1849

Referencias

Ciidae

Ceracis


Anemi, yani halk arasında bilinen adıyla "kansızlık", toplam kırmızı kan hücresi/alyuvar/Eritrosit sayısının azalması veya eritrositlerin içindeki hemoglobin miktarının azalması veya her ikisinin birlikte olması sonucu oluşan bir hastalıktır. Anemi ismi  , ἀν- an-, "-sız" + αἷμα haima, "kan" kelimelerinden türetilmiştir. Eritrositlerin içinde bulunan hemoglobinin, oksijeni akciğerlerden kapiller arterlere (kılcal damarlar) taşıması nedeniyle anemi hücre, doku ve organlarda hipoksiye (oksijen azlığı) neden olabilir. Oksijenin hücre canlılığı için elzem olması nedeniyle eksikliği pek çok klinik sonuca neden olur.

Kan hastalıkları içinde en sık görülen hastalık anemidir. Anemi tipleri ve nedenleri oldukça fazladır. Sınıflandırma daha çok eritrosit morfolojisi ya da etyoloji şeklinde yapılır. Morfolojik sınıflamada MCV (ortalama eritrosit hacmi) kullanılır.

Eritrositler için demir, folik asit ve B12 vitamini çok önemlidir. Demir eksikliğinde demir eksikliği anemisi oluşabilir. Bu durumda eritrositler normalden daha küçük olurlar ve görevlerini tam ve başarıyla yerine getiremezler. Folik asit ve B12 vitamini eksikliğinde ise eritrositler normalden daha büyük olur ve görevlerini yerine getiremezler, bu durum megaloblastik anemi olarak adlandırılır. Demir eksikliğinde görülen eritrositler hipokrom mikrositer görünümdedir.
Folik asit ve vitamin B12 DNA yapımına katıldığından eksikliklerinde eritrosit boyutları daha büyük olur.

Belirti ve Semptomlar
Pek çok hasta anemik olduğunun farkında değildir. Semptomlar da oldukça belirsiz olabilir.

Anemi hastaları genelde halsizlik, yorgunluk, güçsüzlük tarif ederler. Buna dispne (nefes darlığı) ve çarpıntı da eşlik edebilir.

Fizik muayenede ciltte solukluk izlenir. Bu solukluk dudaklarda ya da tırnak yataklarında da izlenebilir.

Bunun dışında farklı anemi alt tiplerinde farklı semptomlar izlenir. Örneğin demir eksikliği anemisinde pica(toprak, buz yeme), orak hücreli anemide bacaklarda ülserler izlenebilir.

Anemi Sebepleri
Anemiler etyolojik yani nedenlerine bağlı olarak kabaca eritrosit üretimindeki bozukluklar, eritrosit yıkım artışı ile giden durumlar(hemolitik anemiler), kan kaybı ve sıvı yüklenmesine (hipervolemi) bağlı nedenler olarak sınıflandırılabilir.

Demir eksikliği anemisi dünya üzerinde en sık görülen anemi nedenidir.

Eritrosit üretim bozuklukları
 Kök hücre proliferasyon ve diferansiasyon bozuklukları
 Saf eritrosit aplazisi
 Aplastik anemi bütün kan hücrelerini etkiler. Fanconi anemisi aplastik anemi ve diğer pek çok anormalliğe sebep olan kalıtsal bir hastalıktır.
 Böbrek yetmezliği anemisieritropoietin üretimindeki yetersizlik nedeniyle
 Endokrin hastalık anemisi
 Eritroblast proliferasyon ve maturasyon bozuklukları
 Pernisyöz anemi megaloblastik aneminin vitamin B12 emiliminin azlığına bağlı ortaya çıkan eksikliğidir. Diyetle alınan B12'nin eksikliği non-pernisyöz megaloblastik anemiye neden olur.
 Folik asit eksikliğine bağlı anemi, vitamin B12 eksiklği gibi megaloblastik anemiye sebep olur.
 Prematür anemisi, genelde 2-6 hafta arası prematür infantlarda laboratuvar testleri için alınan kan örnekleri ve azalmış eritropoietin cevabı nedeniyle.
 Demir eksikliği anemisi, hemoglobinin hem bölümündeki sentez eksikliği nedeniyle
 Talasemiler, hemoglobinin globin bölümündeki sentez eksikliği nedeniyle
 Böbrek yetmezliği anemisi (kök hücre disfonksiyonuna ilaveten)
 Bilinmeyen ya da multipl mekanizması olanlar
 Myelofitizik anemi ya da myelofitizis, malign tümör, granülomatöz hastalıklar gibi nedenlerle kemik iliğindeki üretim azlığı
 Myelodisplastik sendrom
 Kronik infeksiyonlarda görülen anemiler

Artmış eritrosit yıkımı

İntrinsik (intrakorpusküler) anormallikler Paroksismal nokturnal hemoglobinüri hariç tamamı kalıtsal, genetik hastalıklardır.
 Herediter sferositoz eritrosit membran defekti nedeniyle kırmızı kan hücreleri dalakta yıkılırlar.
 Herediter eliptositoz, membran iskelet defekti nedeniyle.
Abetalipoproteinemi, membran lipidlerinde bozukluğa neden olmasıyla.
 Enzim eksiklikleri
Piruvat kinaz ve hekzokinaz eksiklikleri, glikoliz defekti nedeniyle
Glikoz-6-fosfat dehidrogenaz ve glutatyon sentetaz eksikliği, artmış oksidatif stres nedeniyle
Hemoglobinopatiler
Orak hücreli anemi
Anstabil hemoglobine neden olan hemoglobinopatiler
Paroksismal nokturnal hemoglobinüri, edinsel membran defekti nedeniyle
Ekstrinsik (ekstrakorpusküler) anormallikler
Antikor aracılı
 Sıcak otoimmün hemolitik anemi; IgG aracılığı ile. Otoimmün hemolitik anemilerin en sık formudur. İdiopatik, olabileceği gibi ilaç, Sistemik lupus eritematozus, ya da kronik lenfosittik lösemi gibi hastalıklara bağlı olabilir.
 Soğuk aglütinin hemolitik anemi; IgM aracılığı ile.
Eritroblastozis fetalis, Rh hastalığı, yenidoğanlarda
Transfüzyon reaksiyonları: Kan transfüzyonu nedeniyle
Eritrositlere mekanik travma
 Mikroanjiopatik hemolitik anemiler: Trombotik trombositopenik purpura ve dissemine intravasküler koagülasyon(DIC)
 İnfeksiyonlar: Sıtma
 Kalp ameliyatları
 Hemodiyaliz

Kan kaybı
 Prematür anemisi laboratuvar testleri nedeniyle fazla kan alımı sonucu
Fiziksel travma ya da cerrahi, akut kan kaybı nedeniyle
Gastrointestinal sistem lezyonları, ülser, anjiodisplazi, tümör gibi nedenlerle akut ve kronik kan kaybı
Jinekolojik hastalıklar, endometrial polip, düşük gibi nedenlerle akut ve kronik kan kaybı
Menstruasyon, adet gören kadınlarda aşırı ya da uzun süren kanama nedeniyle

Sıvı yüklenmesi
Hipervolemi hemoglobin konsantrasyonunda azalmaya sebep olur.
 Aşırı su ve sodyum alımı.
Gebelikte görülen anemi.

Anemilerin morfolojik sınıflaması
Temel olarak MCV değerine göre yapılır. Bir anemi birden çok alt sınıfta yer alabilir. MCV değerine göre anemilerin şematik bir gösterimi:

Makrositer anemiler arasında megaloblastik anemiler, hipokrom mikrositer anemiler içinde demir eksikliği anemisi, normokrom normositik anemiler arasında akut kan kaybı sayılabilir.

Teşhis
Kan değerlerinin laboratuvar incelemesi ile tanı konulur. İlk basamakta Hb/hemoglobin, eritrosit sayısı/RBC, hematokrit/HCT, retikülosit sayısı, ortalama eritrosit hacmi/MCV, eritrosit dağılım genişliği/RDW gibi değerlere bakılır. Hb, HCT ve RBC düşüklüğü ile anemi tespit edildikten sonra aneminin nedeni tespit edilmelidir. MCV kullanılarak yapılan eritrosit morfolojisinden de yararlanılarak ayırıcı tanıya gidilir. Kan yaymalarındaki eritrosit şekil ve boyut farklılıkları etyoloji konusunda ipucu verir. Hemoglobinopatilerden kuşkulanıldığında elektroforez, immünolojik bir sebepten kuşkulanıldığında Coombs testi, megaloblastik anemilerden şüphelenilirse folik asit ve B12 vitamini değerlerine bakılır. Kronik bir kan kaybından şüphelenildiğinde endoskopi, kolonoskopi gibi tetkiklerle gastrointestinal sistem incelenebilir. Demir eksikliği anemisi ve ayırıcı tanısında serum demir düzeyi, serum demir bağlama kapasitesi, serum ferritin düzeyi, transferrin saturasyonu incelenir.

Tedavi
Tedaviye başlamadan önce altta yatan durumun tespiti ve bu durumun ortadan kaldırılması çok önemlidir.

Vitamin ve demir eksikliklerinde eksik olan vitamin ve elementler oral ya da injeksiyon şeklinde replase edilir.

Normal şartlarda kan hemoglobininin 7 g/dl'nin altına düşmediği durumlarda kan transfüzyonu önerilmez.

Eritropoezi stimule eden ajanlar (örneğin eritropoietin) kronik böbrek yetmezliğinin ileri evrelerinde kullanılabilir.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Demir eksikliği anemisi

Kaynakça

Kansızlık


Norwell est une ville du Comté de Middlesex dans l'État du Massachusetts.

Elle a été incorporée en 1849.

Sa population était de  en 2020.

Personnalité
John Cheever (1912-1982), écrivain, y est enterré.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Liens externes

Comté de Plymouth (Massachusetts)
Town au Massachusetts

Norwell (Massachusetts)


Mads Roerslev Rasmussen (født 24. juni 1999) er en dansk fodboldspiller, der spiller i den engelske klub Brentford F.C.. Han har tidligere spillet i de danske  superligaklubber F.C. København og Vendsyssel FF.

Klubkarriere

FC København
Mads Roerslev har tidligere spillet FCK's U-19 hold. Han debuterede for førsteholdet den 26. oktober 2016, hvor han blev skiftet ind efter pausen i en pokalkamp mod Jammerbugt FC, hvor han efter 63 sekunder på banen scorede sit første mål for FCK. Roerslev fik yderligere en kamp i pokalturneringen, da han blev indskiftet i sejren over B.93 den 1. marts 2017.

Roerslev blev herefter den 21. marts 2017 udlejet til den svenske Allsvenskan-klub Halmstads BK, men grundet en administrativ fejl i den svenske klub opnåede han imidlertid ikke spilletilladelse, men nåede dog at spille en enkelt kamp i Halmstads.

Ved hjemkomsten til FCK forlængede han kontrakten til sommeren 2021. I forbindelse med forlængelsen blev Roerslev formelt indlemmet i superligatruppen fra sommeren 2017. Som ungdomsspiller fik han sin superligadebut den 17. maj 2017 i nederlaget til FC Midtjylland, hvor han blev skiftet ind i 2. halvleg.

Roerslev opnåede dog ikke megen spilletid i FCK i 2017 og 2018, hvor han blev indskiftet i 5 superligakampe i 2017-18 sæsonen og i efterårssæsonen 2018 opnåede han spilletid i kvalifikationskampe til Europa League-turneringen og indledende kampe til Pokalturneringen.

Vendsyssel FF
Ved udgangen af 2018 blev det offentliggjort, at Roerslev i foråtssæsonen 2019 blev udlejet til superligaklubben Vendsyssel FF. Roerslev opnåede dog kun fire superligakampe for Vendsyssel og efter udløbet af lejeaftalen, vente Roerslev i sommeren 2019 tilbage til FCK, hvor han dog var langt fra spilletid i opstarten af 2019/20 sæsonen.

Brentford F.C.
Den 7. august 2019 blev det offentliggjort, at Roerslev med øjeblikkelig virkning skiftede til Brentford. Roerslev opnåede i alt 13 førsteholdskampe for FCK, heraf fem superligakampe.

I Brentford F.C. blev Roerslev tilknyttet B-holdet.

Landsholdskarriere
Roerslev har pr. 22. januar 2019 spillet 32 landskampe for diverse ungdomslandshold.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Mads Roerslev på danskfodbold.com

Fodboldspillere fra Danmark
Fodboldspillere fra FC København
Fodboldspillere fra Halmstads BK
Fodboldspillere fra Vendsyssel F.F.
Fodboldspillere fra Brentford F.C.

Fodboldlandsholdsspillere fra Danmark
Forsvarsspillere (fodbold)

Mads Roerslev


Mihai Pohonțu (n. 19 noiembrie 1978, Iași) este un om de afaceri, investitor și antreprenor în industria de jocuri. Din 2017 activează ca CEO al Amber, o agenție de dezvoltare de jocuri cu sediul central în București și birouri în San Francisco și Los Angeles.

Anterior a deținut funcții executive în mai multe companii internaționale. Între 2015 - 2017 a fost Vice-Președinte al companiei Samsung, responsabil pentru programul de relații cu dezvoltatorii de software pentru întreaga gamă de produse ale companiei și programul de platforme emergente, cu focus special pe soluțiile de realitate virtuală (Gear VR) si ceasuri inteligente (Gear Watch). Între 2012 - 2014 a fost vicepreședinte al The Walt Disney Company, conducând echipa de Product Operations a diviziei Disney Interactive.

Înainte de 2012 a deținut mai multe funcții în cadrul companiei Electronic Arts, inclusiv Vice-Președinte al grupului Central Development Services, cu peste 1500 de angajați livrând servicii de dezvoltare pentru 18 studiouri de jocuri pe 3 continente, acoperind întreaga gamă de produse a companiei între 2009 - 2011. De asemenea, în 2005 a fondat și a fost General Manager al EA Romania, filiala din București a companiei americane.

Născut la Iași in 1978, a copilărit la Suceava și a venit în București la 4 ani. După absolvirea liceului George Coșbuc și-a efectuat studiile superioare la University of California Los Angeles, unde a studiat Stiințe Politice cu specializarea în Relații Internaționale, absolvind cu distincția Summa Cum Laude in 2003.

Note

Nașteri în 1978
Nașteri pe 19 noiembrie
Antreprenori români în viață
Oameni de afaceri români
Ieșeni

Mihai Pohonțu


Danemarca este o țară nordică aflată în Europa de Nord. Este constituită din peninsula Iutlanda (Jylland) și 443 insule care au primit nume. Dintre acestea, 76 nu sunt locuite. Cele mai mari insule sunt Zealand (Sjælland) și Funen (Fyn). Insula Bornholm se află mai la est de restul țării, în Marea Baltică. Multe dintre insulele mai mari sunt legate prin poduri; Podul Oresund leagă Zealand de Suedia, Marele pod al centurii leagă Funen de Zealand, și Micul pod al centurii leagă Iutlanda de Funen.  Feriboturile fac legătura cu insulele mai mici.

Țara este în cea mai mare parte plată, cu mici zone înalte, cel mai înalt punct natural fiind Møllehøj, la 170,86 de metri. Alte dealuri în aceași zonă, la sud-est de Århus sunt Yding Skovhøj cu 170,86 metri înălțime și Ejer Bavnehøj cu 170,77 metri. Suprafața apelor interne este de 210 km² (Danemarca de Est), respectiv 490 km² (Danemarca de Vest).

Climatul este temperat, cu ierni blânde și veri răcoroase. Iernile nu sunt deosebit de friguroase, având temperaturi medii în jur de 0,5 °C, iar verile sunt răcoroase, cu medii de 16 °C. Vântul suflă foarte des, fiind mai puternic pe timpul iernii și mai slab vara. Danemarca are, în medie, 170 de zile ploioase pe an, cele mai puternice ploi apărând în lunile septembrie, octombrie și noiembrie.

Orașele principale sunt capitala Copenhaga (pe Zealand), Aarhus, Aalborg (în Iutlanda) și Odense (pe Funen).

Note

Bibliografie

Geografia Danemarcei


ඒ. එෆ්. මොලමුරේ ලෙසින් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් හැඳින්වෙන, ශ්‍රීමත් ඇල්ෆ්‍රඩ් ප්‍රැන්සිස් මොලමුරේ,යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ මන්ත්‍රීවරයෙකු වූ අතර පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ පළමු කථානායකද විය.

1951 මරණ
1888 උපත්

ඒ.එෆ්. මොලමුරේ


جان تاميني (9 ديسمبر 1919 في مونثي - 13 مارس 1993)  لاعب كرة قدم سويسري راحل كان يجيد اللعب في مركز المهاجم . شارك مع منتخب سويسرا في 20 مباراة مسجلا 12 هدف . شارك في بطولة كأس العالم لكرة القدم 1950 التي أقيمت في البرازيل وخرج من الدور الأول . سجل هدف واحد في مرمى منتخب المكسيك في الدقيقة 37 . ساهم في تتويج نادي سيرفيت السويسري ببطولة الدرجة السوبر موسمي 1945-1946 و1949-1950 وكأس سويسرا موسم 1946-1947 .

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سويسريون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سويسريون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في فرنسا
مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي
لاعبو سانت إتيان
لاعبو كأس العالم 1950
لاعبو كرة قدم سويسريون
لاعبو كرة قدم سويسريون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في فرنسا
لاعبو أولمبيك ليون
لاعبو منتخب سويسرا لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي سيرفيت
مواليد 1919
مواليد في مونثي (سويسرا)
وفيات 1993

جان تاميني


Sannidal Station (Sannidal stasjon) var en jernbanestation på Kragerøbanen, der lå i Kragerø kommune i Norge.

Stationen åbnede som holdeplads sammen med banen 2. december 1927. Den blev nedgraderet til trinbræt 23. maj 1971. Stationen blev nedlagt sammen med banen 1. januar 1989.

Stationsbygningen blev opført efter tegninger af Gudmund Hoel og Bjarne Friis Baastad ved NSB Arkitektkontor i 1926. Bygningen bruges i dag til erhverv. Sporene ved stationen er taget op.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

Stationer på Kragerøbanen
Nedlagte jernbanestationer i Norge
Etableret i 1927
Ophørt i 1989
Jernbanestationer i Telemark

Sannidal Station


جامع الساطون و يسمى أحياناً الساطور.
مسجد تاريخي يقع في وسط حارة الياسمينة في نابلس . يعتبر أول مسجد أسس في المدينة بعد فتحها. بني في القرن الأول الهجري / السابع الميلادي و أعيد بناؤه سنة 688ه / 1285م . جرى ترميمه و تجديده عدة مرات في العهد العثماني وكذلك حديثاً .

مصادر

مساجد تاريخية
مساجد في نابلس

جامع الساطون


Carbura de siliciu, de asemenea cunoscută și sub numele de carborundum (sau simplu "carborund") este un compus al carbonului și siliciului, cu formula chimică SiC. Este răspândit în natură sub forma mineralului extrem de rar numit moissanit. Compusul a fost sintetizat la nivel industrial încă din 1893 pentru utilizările sale ca  material abraziv.

Carbura de siliciu pură este incoloră. Pentru fabricarea corpurilor abrazive se folosesc două categorii de SiC: carbură de siliciu verde (Cv) și carbură de siliciu neagră (Cn). Carbura de siliciu verde este cea mai pură, fiind produsă dintr-un amestec pur de nisip cuarțos  și cocs de petrol; carbura de siliciu neagră este produsă din material de alimentare reciclat care include SiC amorfă din cicluri de calcinare anterioare. Culoarea neagră provine diun impurități de fier.

Carbura de siliciu verde are cea mai mare puritate, fiind fabricată cu SiC> 98,5 %. Carbura de siliciu neagră are o puritate mai scăzută (95-98%). SiC verde este întrucâtva mai dură însă mai friabilă. Din această cauză este folosită pentru rectificarea materialelor mai dure, de exemplu produse din fontă dură turnată, titan și materiale ceramice pentru scule așchietoare. Carbura de siliciu neagră este folosită mai mult pentru rectificarea metalelor neferoase moi și a materialelor nemetalice cum sunt cauciucul, lemnul, ceramice și sticla.

Referințe

Siliciu

Carbură de siliciu


In astronomy, the Wilson effect is the perceived depression of a sunspot's umbra, or center, in the Sun's photosphere. The magnitude of the depression is difficult to determine, but may be as large as 1,000 km.

Sunspots result from the blockage of convective heat transport by intense magnetic fields. Sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, with effective temperatures of about 4,000°C (about 7,000°F). Sunspot occurrence follows an approximately 11-year period known as the solar cycle, discovered by Heinrich Schwabe in the 19th century.

History

In 1769, during solar cycle 2, Scottish astronomer Alexander Wilson, working at the Macfarlane Observatory, noticed that the shape of sunspots noticeably flattened as they approached the Sun's limb due to solar rotation. These observations showed that sunspots were features on the solar surface, as opposed to minor planets or objects above it. Moreover, he observed what is now termed the Wilson effect: the penumbra and umbra vary in the manner expected by perspective effects if the umbrae of the spots are in fact slight depressions in the surface of the photosphere.

Alternate interpretations
While the surface-depression interpretation of the Wilson effect is widespread, Bray and Loughhead contended that "the true explanation of the Wilson effect lies in the higher transparency of the spot material compared to the photosphere". A similar interpretation was expressed by C.H. Tong.

See also
 Joy's law (astronomy)
 Spörer's law
 Hale's law
 List of solar cycles

References

 C.A. Young (1882) The Sun, page 126, Kegan Paul.

Solar phenomena

Wilson effect


Hercegovački ustanak (1875. – 1878.), Bosansko-hercegovački ustanak ili Nevesinjska puška bio je pretežno srpski ustanak podignut u okolini Nevesinja 1875. godine protiv osmanske vlasti, koji se ubrzo proširio na cijelu Bosnu i Hercegovinu.
Trajao od 9. srpnja 1875. do 4. kolovoza 1877. godine.

Dana 9. lipnja 1875. jedan od prvih sukoba Hercegovaca i Osmanlija izbio je na brdu Gracu kraj Nevesinja.
Dana 13. lipnja 1875. pravoslavni seljani Zovog Dola u kadiluku Nevesinje – Hercegovački sandžak, digli su pobunu.

Ustanike su podržale oružjem i dobrovoljcima Crna Gora i Srbija što je dovelo do početka Srpsko-turskih ratova i nastanka Velike istočne krize. U Bosnu su nagrnuli i mnogi Hrvati i Slovenci, pa čak i neki talijanski garibaldinci, koji su svi bili uvjereni da je na pomolu veliko budenje Južnih Slavena.
Dana 30. svibnja Srbija i Crna Gora navijestile su rat Osmanskom Carstvu, nakon što su prethodno sklopile savez. Srpski knez Milan izdao je ultimatum osmanskoj državi u kojem je zahtijevao da mu predaju upravu nad Bosanskim vilajetom, a Hercegovinu Crnoj Gori. Osmanlije su to odbile pa im je Srbija objavila rat 2. srpnja, a Crna Gora 3. srpnja.
U srpnju 1876. Srbija i Crna Gora navijestile su rat Otomanskom Carstvu, sporazumijevši se da će prva anektirati Bosnu, a druga Hercegovinu. Ponašanje Srbije učvrstilo je ionako neprijateljski stav osmanskih vlasti prema pravoslavnom pučanstvu.

Dana 22. kolovoza 1875. srpske su snage pokušale prijeći Drinu i napasti Zvornik. Napadačke snage bile su jake 200 vojnika, no muslimanska posada bila je dobro pripremljena za obranu zbog čega su se srpske snage povukle.
Dana 29. kolovoza 1875. ustanici su nakon cjelodnevnih borbi skršili otpor osmanske posade i osvojili Nevesinje.
Srpska vojska nanovno je napala 4. rujna prešavši Drinu između Bijeljine i Zvornika te napala selo Šepak. Tad je poginuo muslimanski vođa Hifzi Đumišić.

Bosanski namjesnik okupio je vojsku koja je djelovala okrutno, ali nedjelotvorno. Oni su, bojeći se općeg prevrata, počeli terorizirati seljake. Godine 1876. popaljeno je na stotine sela i pobijeno najmanje 5000 seljaka. Do kraja te godine broj izbjeglica iz Bosne i Hercegovine popeo se na najmanje 100.000, a možda čak i na 250.000.

Godine 1877. i Rusija je navijestila rat Osmanskom Carstvu. U ustanku su se istakli Тripko Vukalović, Mićo Ljubibratić, Maksim Baćović, Đoko Vlajković i dr.

Posljedica ustanka i ratova koji su vođeni protiv Osmanskoga Carstva bio je Berlinski kongres 1878., na kojem su Crna Gora i Srbija dobile nezavisnost i određena teritorijalna proširenja, ali ne i Bosnu i Hercegovinu koju je Austro-Ugarska okupirala, iako je de jure ostala u sastavu Osmanskoga Carstva.

Izvori

Bosna i Hercegovina u Osmanskom Carstvu
Bosna i Hercegovina pod Austro-Ugarskom

Hercegovački ustanak (1875. – 1878.)


Greater St. Louis is a bi-state metropolitan statistical area in the United States with its core in both Missouri and Illinois. Its largest principal city is the independent city of St. Louis, and its largest employer is St Louis County, Missouri which lies immediately to the west.  The pre-war city core is on the Mississippi Riverfront on the border with Illinois in the geographic center of the metro area. The Mississippi River bisects the metro area geographically between Illinois and Missouri; however, the Missouri portion is much more populous. St. Louis is the focus of the largest metro area in Missouri and the Illinois portion known as Metro East is the second largest metropolitan area in that state. St. Louis County is independent of the City of St. Louis and their two populations are generally tabulated separately.

The St. Louis, MO-IL metropolitan statistical area (MSA)—and the focus of this page—includes the City of St. Louis; the Illinois counties of Bond, Calhoun, Clinton, Jersey, Macoupin, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair (known collectively as the Metro East); and the Missouri counties of Crawford (only the City of Sullivan), Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis (separate from and not inclusive of the city of St. Louis), and Warren.

The larger St. Louis–St. Charles–Farmington, MO–IL combined statistical area (CSA) includes all of the aforementioned MSA, plus the Farmington, MO micropolitan statistical area, which includes St. Francois County, Missouri, and the Centralia, IL micropolitan statistical area, which includes Marion County, Illinois.

In 2020, the St. Louis MSA was the 21st-largest in the nation with a population of 2,820,253. The larger CSA is ranked 20th-largest in the United States, with a population of 2,909,003. Due to slow growth in the St. Louis area paired with comparatively rapid growth in the Sun Belt, the St. Louis MSA fell out of the top 20 largest MSAs in the United States in 2017 for the first time since 1840.

As of 2021, Greater St. Louis is home to the headquarters of ten of Missouri's eleven Fortune 500 companies, six Fortune 1,000 companies, and two of the top 30 largest private companies in America, as ranked by Forbes. The metropolitan area received the All-America City Award in 2008.

History

The Illini Confederacy at one time dominated the lands where St Louis is now located. During the 17th century, the population of indigenous peoples in the area was well over tens of thousands, with a population of 20,000 in the Grand Village of Illinois. Indigenous peoples in the area built earthwork mounds on both sides of the Mississippi River, with the Cahokia Mounds being the regional center. Due to mounds inside city limits, St Louis still has a nickname of "Mound City".

Pierre Laclede Liguest and his 13-year-old grandson, Auguste Chouteau, selected St. Louis as the site for a French fur trading post in 1764 due to its proximity to the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, as well as its propensity to not flood. In 1770, St Louis ownership was transferred to Spain, and then returned to France during a secret treaty (Treaty of San Ildefonso), before becoming a part of the United States during the 1803 Louisiana Purchase.

St Louis steadily grew after the Louisiana Purchase due to the city being the starting point for Lewis and Clark and its access to water transportation. It was incorporated as a city in 1823. Between 1840 and 1860, the population exploded with immigrants, especially those of German and Irish descent. St Louis's current boundaries were established in 1876. After the American Civil War, St Louis continued to grow into a major manufacturing center due to its access to rail and water transportation. By the 1890s, St Louis was the 4th largest city in the United States.

In 1904 St Louis hosted the world's fair in Forest Park along with the Olympics at Washington University's Francis Field. More than 20 million people visited the city during the fairs seven-month long run. St Louis was seen as a city of industrialization with ties to the automobile industry. The Great Migration between World War I and World War II brought thousands of African Americans to the city, boosting St Louis's population to 800,000 by 1940. The population peaked in 1950 at 856,000, however there was no more room for expansion within city boundaries and earlier immigrant generations started moving to suburbs that could not be annexed.

During the mid-1960s the Gateway Arch and Busch Stadium started being built in part to help revitalize the central business district with a 30-year downtown building boom following. Today, there is a continued population decline, however, revitalization efforts are still well under way.

Political divisions in Greater St. Louis

Missouri

Crawford County MO: Sullivan (partial)
Franklin County MO: Berger, Charmwood, Gerald, Leslie, Miramiguoa Park, New Haven, Oak Grove Village, Pacific (partial), Parkway, St. Clair, Sullivan (partial), Union, Washington
 Jefferson County MO: Arnold, Barnhart, Byrnes Mill, Cedar Hill Lakes, Crystal City, De Soto, Festus, Herculaneum, Hillsboro, Imperial, Kimmswick, Lake Tekakwitha, Olympian Village, Parkdale, Peaceful Village, Pevely, Scotsdale
 Lincoln County MO: Cave, Chain of Rocks, Elsberry, Foley, Fountain N' Lakes, Hawk Point, Moscow Mills, Old Monroe, Silex, Troy, Truxton, Whiteside, Winfield
 St. Charles County MO: Augusta, Cottleville, Dardenne Prairie, Defiance, Foristell, Flint Hill, Josephville, Lake St. Louis, New Melle, O'Fallon, Portage des Sioux, St. Charles, St. Paul, St. Peters, Weldon Spring, Weldon Spring Heights, Wentzville, West Alton
 St. Louis (Independent City): City of St. Louis
 St. Louis County MO: Ballwin, Bel-Nor, Bel-Ridge, Bella Villa, Bellefontaine Neighbors, Bellerive, Berkeley, Beverly Hills, Black Jack, Breckenridge Hills, Brentwood, Bridgeton, Calverton Park, Champ, Charlack, Chesterfield, Clarkson Valley, Clayton, Cool Valley, Country Club Hills, Country Life Acres, Crestwood, Creve Coeur, Crystal Lake Park, Dellwood, Des Peres, Edmundson, Ellisville, Eureka, Fenton, Ferguson, Flordell Hills, Florissant, Frontenac, Glen Echo Park, Glendale, Grantwood Village, Green Park, Greendale, Hanley Hills, Hazelwood, Hillsdale, Huntleigh, Kinloch, Kirkwood, Jennings, Ladue, Lakeshire, Manchester, Maplewood, Marlborough, Maryland Heights, Moline Acres, Normandy, Northwoods, Norwood Court, Oakland, Olivette, Overland, Pacific (partially), Pagedale, Pasadena Hills, Pasadena Park, Pine Lawn, Richmond Heights, Riverview, Rock Hill, St. Ann, St. John, Shrewsbury, Sunset Hills, Sycamore Hills, Town and Country, Twin Oaks, University City, Uplands Park, Valley Park, Velda City, Velda Village Hills, Vinita Park, Warson Woods, Webster Groves, Wellston, Westwood, Wilbur Park, Wildwood, Winchester, Woodson Terrace
 Warren County MO: Foristell, Innsbrook, Marthasville, Pendleton, Three Creeks, Truesdale, Warrenton, Wright City

Illinois
 Bond County IL: Donnellson, Greenville, Keyesport (partially), Mulberry Grove, Old Ripley, Panama, Pierron, Pocahontas, Smithboro, Sorento
 Calhoun County IL: Batchtown, Brussels, Hamburg, Hardin, Kampsville
 Clinton County IL: Albers, Aviston, Bartelso, Beckemeyer, Breese, Carlyle, Centralia (partial), Damiansville, Germantown, Hoffman, Huey, Keyesport (partially), New Baden, St. Rose, Shattuc, Trenton, Wamac (partially)
 Jersey County IL: Brighton (partially), Elsah, Fidelity, Fieldon, Grafton, Jerseyville, Otterville
 Macoupin County IL: Benld, Brighton (mostly), Bunker Hill, Carlinville, Chesterfield, Dorchester, East Gillespie, Eagarville, Gillespie, Girard, Hettick,Lake Ka-ho, Mt. Olive, Medora, Modesto, Mount Clare, Nilwood, Palmyra, Royal Lakes, Sawyerville, Scottville, Shipman, Standard City, Staunton, Virden (partial), White City, Wilsonville
 Madison County IL: Alhambra, Alton, Bethalto, Collinsville (mostly), East Alton, Edwardsville, Fairmont City (partially), Godfrey, Glen Carbon, Granite City, Grantfork, Hamel, Hartford, Highland, Livingston, Madison, Marine, Maryville, New Douglas, Pontoon Beach, Pierron, Roxana, South Roxana, St. Jacob, Troy, Venice, Williamson, Wood River, Worden
 Monroe County IL: Columbia, Fults, Hecker, Maeystown, Valmeyer, Waterloo
 St. Clair County IL: Belleville, Brooklyn, Cahokia Heights, Caseyville, Collinsville (partially), Columbia, Dupo, East Carondelet, East St. Louis, Fairmont City (partially), Fairview Heights, Fayetteville, Freeburg, Hecker, Lebanon, Lenzburg, Madison, Marissa, Mascoutah, Millstadt, New Athens, New Baden, O'Fallon, Sauget, Shiloh, Smithton, St. Libory, Summerfield, Swansea, Washington Park

As noted above, the Greater St. Louis area includes two municipalities named O'Fallon (in St. Charles County, Missouri and St. Clair County, Illinois), two municipalities named Troy (in Lincoln County, Missouri and Madison County, Illinois), and two municipalities named Chesterfield (in St. Louis County, Missouri and Macoupin County, Illinois).

Greater St. Louis contains several separately-chartered, county-level governmental units that exist independently of the hierarchical municipality-county-state structure.  These span multiple counties, and even cross state lines.  Generally, their jurisdiction is focused on providing specific services that otherwise would be inadequately funded or inefficiently provided.  They include the Bi-State Development Agency, the Great Rivers Greenway District, the Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District, the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District, and the Special School District of St. Louis County.  The East-West Gateway Council of Governments is the federally-designated metropolitan planning organization for the region's transportation infrastructure.

The nearby Hannibal–Quincy micropolitan area and Springfield, Illinois metropolitan area are technically not located within the metropolitan area, but are regionally associated due to their proximity and accessibility to Greater St. Louis.

Demographics
According to the 2010 United States Census, in Greater St. Louis there were 2,787,701 people living in 1,143,001 households, of which 748,892 households were families.

Race
In 2010, 98.2 percent of the population of Greater St. Louis considered themselves of one race, while 1.8 percent considered themselves of two or more races (e.g. biracial). Of those of one race, 2,214,298 residents or 76.9 percent of the population were white, 519,221 or 18 percent were African American, 60,316 or 2.1 percent were Asian American, and 32,542 residents or 1.1 percent were American Indian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander American, or some other race. 72,797 residents or 2.5 percent were Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race.

Religion

According to a Pew Research study conducted in 2014, 75% of St. Louis metro area residents identify with Christianity and its various denominations, and 4% are adherents of non-Christian religions. 21% have no religion. Of those, about 3% specifically identify as atheists, about 3% identify as agnostics, and about 16% identify as "Nothing in particular".

The religious demographics of the St. Louis metro area are as follows:
Christianity 75%
Protestantism 47%
Evangelical Protestant 20%
Mainline Protestant 17%
Historically Black Protestant 10%
Catholicism 25%
Mormonism 2%
Other Christian 1%
Non-Christian Faiths 4%
Judaism 1%
Islam 1%
Hinduism 1%
Other religion 1%
Unaffiliated 21%

Age and gender
As of 2010, the median age for Greater St. Louis is 38.2, and 47.4 percent of the population was male while 52.6 percent of the population was female.

Income and housing statistics
As of 2010, Greater St. Louis included 1,264,680 housing units, and 90.4 percent or 1,143,001 units were occupied. Of those units that were vacant, 3.2 percent or 40,553 units were for rent, 1.6 percent or 19,956 were for sale, 1 percent or 12,575 were unoccupied seasonal homes, and .5 percent or 6,771 were sold or rented but unoccupied. 3.3 percent or 41,884 units were vacant and not for sale or rent. Of the occupied housing units, 70.6 percent or 807,431 were owner-occupied with 2,075,622 occupants. 29.4 percent or 335,570 units were rented with 739,749 occupants.

In 2010, the median income for a household in the St. Louis metro was $50,900.

Transportation

Transportation in Greater St. Louis includes road, rail, and air transportation modes connecting the communities in the area with national and international transportation networks. Parts of Greater St. Louis also support a public transportation network that includes bus, as well as the MetroLink light rail which began operating in 1993. The principal airport serving the region is St. Louis Lambert International Airport, located in St. Louis County. It also includes MidAmerica St. Louis Airport.

Education

Education in Greater St. Louis is provided by 132 public school districts, independent private schools, parochial schools, and several public library systems. Greater St. Louis also is home to more than 30 colleges and universities.

Parks

Parks in Greater St. Louis are administered by a variety of state, county, and municipal authorities, and the region also includes the state of Missouri's only National Park, Gateway Arch National Park. Several Missouri state parks in the region and parks owned by St. Louis County are larger than 1,000 acres, while one park in the city of St. Louis, Forest Park, also exceeds 1,000 acres.

Economy

The 2014 Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) of St. Louis was $145.958 billion, that makes St. Louis the 21st highest GMP in the United States. The three largest categories of employment in Greater St. Louis are trade, transportation, and utilities with 249,000 workers, education and healthcare services with 225,000 workers, and professional and business services with 185,000 workers. Greater St. Louis has more than 1.3 million non-farm workers, representing roughly 15 percent of the non-farm workforce of Missouri and Illinois combined. As of May 2011, 125,000 non-farm workers were unemployed in Greater St. Louis, with an unemployment rate of 8.6 percent. As of the third quarter of 2010, the Greater St. Louis region had more than 73,000 companies or establishments paying wages, while average weekly wages for that period were $833, slightly lower than the U.S. national average of $870.

The largest industry by business conducted was wholesaling with $71 billion, followed by manufacturing with $67 billion, retail trade with $36 billion, and healthcare with $16 billion. The area's largest employer by sector was healthcare with 174,000 workers, followed by retail trade with 152,000 workers and manufacturing with 134,000 workers. Using available data, the combined value of business conducted in the combined statistical area was $213 billion in 2007. With a gross metropolitan product of $112 billion in 2009, St. Louis' economy makes up 40% of the Gross State Product of Missouri.

Companies and major employers
As of 2021, Greater St. Louis is home to eight of Missouri's ten Fortune 500 companies: Centene (#24), Emerson Electric (#181), Reinsurance Group of America (#207), Edward Jones (#295), Graybar (#399), Ameren (#469), Olin Corporation (#472), and Post Holdings (#474). In addition, the area is home to six Fortune 1,000 companies: Stifel (#633), Peabody Energy (#772), Energizer Holdings (#775), Caleres (#935), Belden (#964), Spire (#999). As well as two of the Top 50 Largest Private Companies in America, as ranked by Forbes: Enterprise Holdings (#9) and World Wide Technology (#20).

Other notable corporations from the area include Wells Fargo Advisors (formerly A.G. Edwards), Energizer Holdings, and Ralcorp. Significant healthcare and biotechnology institutions with operations in St. Louis include Pfizer, the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, the Solae Company, Sigma-Aldrich, and Multidata Systems International.

Although it was purchased by Belgium-based InBev, Anheuser-Busch continues its presence in the city, as does Mallinckrodt Incorporated in spite of its purchase by Tyco International. General Motors continues to produce cars in the St. Louis area, although Chrysler closed its production facility in the region, which was located in Fenton, Missouri. Despite its purchase by Nestlé, Ralston Purina remained headquartered in St. Louis as a wholly owned subsidiary. St. Louis is also home to Boeing Phantom Works (formerly McDonnell-Douglas). In addition, the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in downtown is one of two federal reserve banks in Missouri.

St. Louis County in particular is home to several area companies. Monsanto Company, formerly a chemical company and now a leader in genetically modified crops, is headquartered in Creve Coeur.  Express Scripts, a pharmaceutical benefits management firm, has its corporate headquarters in the suburbs of St. Louis, near the campus of the University of Missouri–St. Louis. Energizer Holdings, the battery company, is headquartered in Town and Country. Enterprise Rent-A-Car's headquarters are located in Clayton. Charter Communications was formerly headquartered in Town and Country, until the executive team moved to Stamford, Connecticut; however, Charter has continued to grow in St. Louis and has upwards of 4,000 employees in the region as of mid-2018. Emerson Electric's headquarters are located in Ferguson. Boeing Integrated Defense Systems is headquartered in Berkeley. Edward Jones Investments is headquartered in Des Peres. From 1994 until its acquisition in 2000 by Tyco International, another chemical company, Mallinckrodt, was headquartered in St. Louis County. Many of the former Mallinckrodt facilities are still in operation by Tyco in the St. Louis suburb of Hazelwood, Missouri. Others are SSM Health Care, Mercy Hospital, and the Tenet Healthcare Corporation chain.

Companies headquartered in Greater St. Louis

 Air Evac Lifeteam – (O'Fallon, Missouri)
 Alberici Corp. – (Overland, Missouri)
 Allsup – (Belleville, Illinois)
 Alton Steel – (Alton, Illinois)
 Amdocs – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Ameren – (St. Louis)
 American Railcar Industries – (St. Charles, Missouri)
 Anheuser-Busch InBev – (St. Louis)
 Answers.com – (University City, Missouri)
 Arch Coal – (Creve Coeur, Missouri)
 Ascension Health – (Edmundson, Missouri)
 Basler Electric – (Highland, Illinois)
 Bayer CropScience – (Creve Coeur, Missouri) [formerly Monsanto]
 Belden – (Clayton, Missouri)
 Bissingers – (St. Louis)
 BJC HealthCare – (St. Louis)
 Blazing Sun Inc. – (St. Louis)
 Bodine Aluminum, Inc. – (Troy, Missouri)
 Boeing Defense, Space & Security – (Berkeley, Missouri)
 Build-A-Bear Workshop – (Overland, Missouri)
 Bunge North America – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Caleres – (Clayton, Missouri) [formerly Brown Shoe Co.]
 Centene Corporation – (Clayton, Missouri)
 CitiMortgage – (O'Fallon, Missouri)
 Clayco, Inc. – (Overland, Missouri)
 Concordia Publishing House – (St. Louis)
 Daugherty Systems, Inc. – (Creve Coeur, Missouri)
 Dent Wizard – (St. Louis)
 Dierbergs – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Doe Run Company – (Maryland Heights, Missouri)
 Drury Hotels – (Creve Coeur, Missouri)
 Edgewell Personal Care – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Edward Jones – (Des Peres, Missouri)
 Emerson Electric Co. – (Ferguson, Missouri)
 Energizer Holdings – (Town and Country, Missouri)
 Equifax Workforce Solutions – (Maryland Heights, Missouri)
 Express Scripts – (Unincorporated north St. Louis County, Missouri)
 FleishmanHillard – (St. Louis)
 Glik's – (Granite City, Illinois)
 Graybar Electric Company – (Clayton, Missouri)
 HOK – (St. Louis)
 Hussmann Corp. – (Bridgeton, Missouri)
 Imo's Pizza – (St. Louis)
 Karmak, Inc. – (Carlinville, Illinois)
 The Korte Company – (Highland, Illinois)
 Luxco – (St. Louis)
 McCarthy Building Companies, Inc. – (Ladue, Missouri)
 McCormack Baron Salazar – (St. Louis)
 Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals – (Hazelwood, Missouri)
 MB Motorsports – (St. Louis)
 Maritz, LLC – (Fenton, Missouri)
 Mastercard - Global Operations Headquarters – (O'Fallon, Missouri)
 Mercy Health – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Metro East Industries – (Alorton, Illinois)
 MilliporeSigma – (St. Louis)
 MiTek – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Nestlé Purina PetCare – (St. Louis)
 Nidec Motor Corporation – (Ferguson, Missouri)
 Nike IHM – (Weldon Spring, Missouri)
 Novus International – (Weldon Spring, Missouri)
 Olin Corp. – (Clayton, Missouri)
 Panera Bread (St. Louis Bread Co.) – (Sunset Hills, Missouri)
 Peabody Energy – (St. Louis)
 PGAV – (St. Louis)
 Post Holdings – (Brentwood, Missouri)
 Prairie Farms Dairy – (Edwardsville, Illinois)
 Rabo AgriFinance – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Ralcorp – (St. Louis)
 Rawlings Sporting Goods – (Town and Country, Missouri)
 Reinsurance Group of America – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 ReproMAX – (Chesterfield, Missouri)
 Roberts Broadcasting – (St. Louis)
 ROHO Group – (Belleville, Illinois)
 RoverTown – (St. Louis)
 Royal Canin USA – (St. Charles, Missouri)
 Save-A-Lot – (St. Ann, Missouri)
 Schnucks – (Maryland Heights, Missouri)
 Soft Surroundings – (Creve Coeur, Missouri)
 Spire Inc – (St. Louis) [formerly Laclede Group, Inc.]
 SSM Health – (Creve Coeur, Missouri)
 Stifel Nicolaus – (St. Louis)
 Suddenlink Communications – (Town and Country, Missouri)
 Tacony Corporation – (Fenton, Missouri)
 Test Drive Technologies (St. Louis)
 TricorBraun – (Creve Coeur, Missouri)
 True Manufacturing Company – (O'Fallon, Missouri)
 Vi-Jon Laboratories  – (Overland, Missouri)
 Wells Fargo Advisors – (St. Louis) [formerly Wachovia Securities and prior to that A.G. Edwards]
 Wood River Refinery  – (Roxana, Illinois)
 World Wide Technology  – (Maryland Heights, Missouri)

Sports

The Greater St. Louis area is currently home to four professional sports teams: the St. Louis Blues (NHL) who won the Stanley Cup in 2019, and the St. Louis Cardinals (MLB), who have won 19 National League Pennants, and 11 World Series Championships, the St. Louis BattleHawks (XFL (2020)) and the St. Louis City SC (MLS).

See also
 St. Louis cuisine
 List of colleges and universities in Greater St. Louis
 List of high schools in Greater St. Louis
 List of metropolitan areas of Missouri
 List of people from St. Louis
 Missouri census statistical areas

 :Category:People from St. Louis

References

External links
 East-West Gateway Council of Governments
 St. Louis County Economic Council

Saint Louis
Saint Louis
Saint Louis
Saint Louis

Greater St. Louis


Kæbehulen er et hulrum i kraniet, der på latin benævnes sinus.

Kæbehulen hedder på latin sinus maxilliaris og er placeret under øjenhulerne. Det er sinus maxilliaris der bliver ramt ved bihulebetændelse.

Hovedets anatomi

Kæbehule


Lugar del municipio de Cangas (Pontevedra - España), situado al noroeste del centro de la villa, en el límite de las parroquias de Cangas y Coiro, limitando con los barrios de O Señal (al sur), Ximeu (al noroeste), Romarigo (noreste) y O Forte (este) -separados por el río Bouzós-. Cuenta con 409 habitantes (INE, 2010)

Se divide en dos zonas diferenciadas, una rural o el Reboredo tradicional, construida sobre el camino de Reboredo (hoy calle Reboredo) y el camino que comunica éste con Romarigo, con casas unifamiliares y terrenos de cultivo, destacando grandes extensiones de viñedos.
En una de esas extensiones se edificó a partir de los años 70 la zona de la avenida de Marín, una urbanización de edificios en manzana cerrada con calles en cuadrícula que se fusiona con los barrios de O Señal y O Forte (abarca las calles Gondomar, A Guarda, Redondela, José Soage Jalda y parte de la avenida de Galicia y Marín, además de la calle y camino de Reboredo)

En este lugar se ubican servicios como el Centro de Salud, un aparcamiento subterráneo o la notaría, además de gran cantidad de establecimientos comerciales y locales de ocio.

Uno de los símbolos del lugar es la "Pedra Choca", una gran piedra ubicada en medio de una gran extensión de terrenos de cultivo.

Localidades de Cangas de Morrazo
Localidades de la provincia de Pontevedra

Reboredo (Cangas de Morrazo)


Divizia Secuiască de Frontieră () a fost o formațiune paramilitară ungară oficială din timpul celui de-Al doilea Război Mondial, înființată în Ardealul de Nord după Dictatul de la Viena.

Modalitatea în care Transilvania a fost divizată în 1940 a făcut ca apărarea de către trupele maghiare a "colțului secuiesc", legat doar printr-o cale ferată de restul statului ungar, să devină o problemă dificil de soluționat. Ca atare, Divizia Secuiască de Frontieră a fost destinată să contribuie, la nevoie, la o acțiune locală a trupelor din secuime. Aceasta a avut în vedere ipoteza că respectivele trupe ar fi fost izolate de restul forțelor armate ungare, prin ocuparea zonei mai înguste a teritoriului statului ungar de pe aliniamentul Sărmășel-Vatra Dornei. Ca atare, "colțul secuiesc" a fost alimentat cu stocuri de provizii, muniții și furnituri militare pentru această eventualitate.

Teritoriul de pe care această formațiune a recrutat etnici maghiari și secui nemobilizați a fost format din cel al fostelor scaune secuiești, respectiv din județele Mureș, Ciuc, Trei Scaune și Odorhei. Au existat patru regimente de gardă secuiască, acestea având sediile la Târgu Mureș, Miercurea Ciuc, Sfântu Gheorghe și Odorheiu Secuiesc. Regimentele au cuprins în structură 9 batalioane volante (un batalion având în 1943 câte 4 companii a 250 de oameni) și câte o companie fixă pentru fiecare plasă.

Comandamentul și statul său major au fost la Târgu Mureș. Atât regimentele, cât și batalioanele componente au fost comandate de către ofițeri activi, iar companiile de către ofițeri din partea locului, aflați în rezervă.

Pregătirea militară a recruților s-a făcut la un centru de instrucție din Sovata care avea cadre active de infanterie și artilerie detașate de la unitățile militare din regiune. Cu începere din anul 1942, aici au fost concentrate pentru trei săptămâni serii de câte 2.000  de soldați, subofițeri și ofițeri, lăsate apoi la vatră.

Formațiunea a fost dotată cu armament, muniție si echipament militar, inclusiv cu artilerie. Armamentul și muniția subunităților din diverse localități au fost păstrate la posturile comunale de jandarmi, iar cea a batalioanelor la sediile acestora.

Bibliografie
 Rogojan, Aurel I.; Dosar special: Terorismul revizionist ungar (1); Clipa, Nr. 1189- Anul XXV, 7 decembrie 2015

Vezi și
 Linia Árpád
Istoria militară a Ungariei

Divizia Secuiască de Frontieră


Samuel Niederhauser, né le  à Berne, est un violoncelliste suisse.

En 2022, il est lauréat du Concours musical international Reine Élisabeth de Belgique.

Biographie
Samuel Niederhauser naît le  à Berne, en Suisse. Il grandit à Bienne.

Il suit des cours de violoncelle dès l'âge de 6 ans auprès de Matthias Walpen à Longeau. À l'âge de 9 ans, il fait sa première performance solo avec un concerto de Vivaldi.

Il est aidé dans son apprentissage à Berne par Cliodhna Ni Aodain puis à Zurich par Rebecca Firth et, en 2016, alors qu'il est en dernière année au  de Bienne, il s'inscrit à la Haute école des arts de Zurich dans la classe de Thomas Grossenbacher.

En 2019, il remporte le premier prix au Concours international CIMA. Il remporte la même année le deuxième prix et le prix Wiener Klassik au Concours international Antonio Vivaldi de Vienne. Toujours en 2019, il reprend la partie solo de la première mondiale du Concerto pour violoncelle de Jost Meier avec l'Orchestre symphonique de Bienne-Soleure.

Il joue au Festival Menuhin de Gstaad et à l'Arosa Klassik Festival.

Il se produit régulièrement en soliste avec des orchestres tels que l'Orchestre de chambre de Zurich, l'Orchestre symphonique de Bienne-Soleure, l'Orchestre de la ville de Soleure, l'Orchestre de chambre de Bienne, l'Orchestre international de chambre de Vienne et l'Orchestre des jeunes de Gstaad.

À partir de 2017, Samuel Niederhauser joue sur un violoncelle manufacturé par Philipp Augustin, de Staufen im Breisgau.

En 2022, il est lauréat non classé du Concours musical international Reine Élisabeth de Belgique et reçoit un prix d'un montant de . Nicolas Blanmont de La Libre .

Récompenses et distinctions
 2018 : premier prix, Kiwanis Competition, Zurich
 2019 : deuxième prix, Vivaldi Competition, Vienne
 2019 : premier prix, CIMA Competition Vienne
 2020 : prix d'étude, concours instrumental de pour-cent culturel Migros
 2020 : premier prix, Arpeggione Competition ZHdK
 2021 : prix Guy Fallot, Concours de Genève
 2022 : lauréat du Concours musical international Reine Élisabeth de Belgique

Notes et références

Liens externes

Violoncelliste suisse
Violoncelliste classique
Naissance en février 1998
Naissance à Berne
Lauréat du Concours musical international Reine Élisabeth

Samuel Niederhauser


In der Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Buckau sind alle Kulturdenkmale des zur Stadt Magdeburg gehörenden Stadtteils Buckau aufgelistet. Grundlage ist das Denkmalverzeichnis des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt, das auf Basis des Denkmalschutzgesetzes vom 21. Oktober 1991 erstellt und seither laufend ergänzt wurde (Stand: 31. Dezember 2022).

Denkmale

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Ehemalige Denkmale
Die nachfolgenden Objekte waren ursprünglich ebenfalls denkmalgeschützt oder wurden in der Literatur als Kulturdenkmale geführt. Die Denkmale bestehen heute jedoch nicht mehr, ihre Unterschutzstellung wurde aufgehoben oder sie werden nicht mehr als Denkmale betrachtet.

|}

Legende

Literatur
 Denkmalverzeichnis Sachsen-Anhalt. Band 14: Landeshauptstadt Magdeburg. Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86568-531-5.

Weblinks

 Digitales Denkmalverzeichnis der Stadt Magdeburg
 Denkmalinformationssystem Sachsen-Anhalt

Einzelnachweise

Buckau

Liste der Kulturdenkmale in Buckau (Magdeburg)


A49 may refer to :
 A49 road (England), a road connecting Ross-on-Wye and Bamber Bridge
 A49 autoroute, a road connecting Grenoble and Valence, France
 King's Indian Defence, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code

A-49 may refer to :
 Autovía A-49, a major highway in Andalucia, Spain

A 49 may refer to:
 Bundesautobahn 49, Germany

A49


212587 Bartasiute este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
212587 Bartasiute este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Moletai de Kazimieras Černis și Justas Zdanavičius. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,61 ua, o excentricitate de 0,17 și o înclinație de 7,2° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 212001-213000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2006
Centura de asteroizi

212587 Bartasiute