Michaëlle Jean   (; born September 6, 1957) is a Canadian stateswoman and former journalist who served from 2005 to 2010 as governor general of Canada, the 27th since Canadian Confederation. She is the first Haitian Canadian and black person to hold this office.

Jean was the third secretary-general of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie from 2015 until 2019. She was the first woman to hold the position and held the position until the end of 2018.

Jean was a refugee from Haiti—coming to Canada in 1968—and was raised in the town of Thetford Mines, Quebec. After receiving a number of university degrees, Jean worked as a journalist and broadcaster for Radio-Canada and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), as well as also undertaking charity work, mostly in the field of assisting victims of domestic violence. In 2005, she was appointed governor general by Queen Elizabeth II, on the recommendation of Prime Minister Paul Martin, to replace Adrienne Clarkson as vicereine. She occupied the post until being succeeded by David Johnston in 2010. Early in her tenure, comments of hers recorded in some of the film works by her husband, Jean-Daniel Lafond, were construed as supporting Quebec sovereignty and her holding of dual citizenship caused doubt about her loyalties. But Jean denied separatist leanings, renounced her citizenship of France (acquired through her marriage), and eventually became a respected vicereine noted for her attention to the Canadian Forces, Aboriginal Canadians, and the arts, especially youth involvement in them. In 2010, Jean was appointed to a four-year term as the Special Envoy for Haiti for the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.

Michaëlle Jean was sworn in as a member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada on September 26, 2012.

Early life and education
Jean's family hails from Haiti; she was born in Port-au-Prince, baptized at the Holy Trinity Cathedral, and spent winters in that city and summers and weekends in Jacmel, her mother's hometown. Though her father worked as principal and teacher for a Protestant independent school in Port-au-Prince, Jean was educated at home, as her parents did not want her swearing allegiance to the then Haitian president, François Duvalier, as all Haitian schoolchildren were required to do.

With her family, Jean fled Haiti to escape Duvalier's regime, under which Jean's father was arrested and tortured in 1965. Jean's father left for Canada in 1967 while she arrived with her mother and sister the following year; the family settled together at Thetford Mines, Quebec. Jean's father, however, became increasingly distant and violent, and her parents' marriage eventually fell apart; she, with her mother and sister, then moved to a basement apartment in the Little Burgundy neighbourhood of Montreal.

Jean received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Italian and Hispanic languages and literature from the University of Montreal, and, from 1984 to 1986, taught Italian Studies there, while completing her Master of Arts degree in comparative literature. She then went on with language and literature studies at the University of Florence, the University of Perugia, and the Catholic University of Milan. Besides French and English, Jean is fluent in Spanish, Italian, and Haitian Creole, and can read Portuguese.

Concurrent with her studies between 1979 and 1987, Jean coordinated a study on spousal abuse and worked at a women's shelter, which paved the way for her establishment of a network of shelters for women and children across Canada. She also involved herself in organizations dedicated to assisting immigrants to Canada obtain the entry they desired, and later worked for Employment and Immigration Canada and at the Conseil des Communautés culturelles du Québec, where Jean began writing about the experiences of immigrant women. She married French-born, Canadian filmmaker Jean-Daniel Lafond, and the couple adopted as their daughter Marie-Éden, an orphaned child from Jacmel. Through her marriage to Lafond, Jean has two stepdaughters.

Journalism, broadcasting, and film careers
Jean became a reporter, filmmaker, and broadcaster for Radio-Canada in 1988, hosting news and affairs programs such as Actuel, Montréal ce soir, Virages, and Le Point; she was the first person of Caribbean descent to be seen on French television news in Canada. She then moved in 1995 to Réseau de l'information (RDI), Radio-Canada's all-news channel, in order to anchor a number of programmes, Le Monde ce soir, l'Édition québécoise, Horizons francophones, Les Grands reportages, Le Journal RDI, and RDI à l'écoute, for example. Four years later, she was asked by CBC's English language all-news channel, CBC Newsworld, to host The Passionate Eye and Rough Cuts, which both broadcast the best in Canadian and foreign documentary films. By 2004, Jean was hosting her own show, Michaëlle, while continuing to anchor RDI's Grands reportages, as well as acting occasionally as anchor of Le Téléjournal.

Over the same period, Jean made several films with her husband, including the award-winning Haïti dans tous nos rêves ("Haiti in All Our Dreams"), in which she meets her uncle, the poet and essayist René Depestre, who fled from the Duvalier dictatorship into exile in France and wrote about his dreams for Haiti, and tells him Haiti awaits his return. She similarly produced and hosted news and documentary programming for television on both the English and French services of the CBC.

Governor General of Canada
Jean was Canada's first governor general of Caribbean origin; the third woman (after Jeanne Sauvé and Adrienne Clarkson); the fourth youngest (after the Marquess of Lorne, who was 33 years old in 1878; the Marquess of Lansdowne, who was 38 years old in 1883; and Edward Schreyer, who was 43 years old in 1979); the fourth former journalist (after Sauvé, Roméo LeBlanc and Clarkson); and the second after Clarkson to not only have neither a political nor military background, but also to be a visible minority, to break the tradition of Canadian-born governors general, and to be in an interracial marriage. Jean was also the first representative of Queen Elizabeth II to have been born during the latter's reign, and her appointment saw the first child living in Rideau Hall, the official residence since Schreyer and his young family lived there in the early 1980s.

As governor general-designate
On August 4, 2005, it was announced from the Office of the Prime Minister of Canada that Queen Elizabeth II had approved Prime Minister Paul Martin's choice of Jean to succeed Adrienne Clarkson as the Queen's representative. At the time, Martin said of Jean that she "is a woman of talent and achievement. Her personal story is nothing short of extraordinary. And extraordinary is precisely what we seek in a governor generalship—who after all must represent all of Canada to all Canadians and to the rest of the world as well." Almost immediately, there was speculation that Martin had been influenced by the political climate in Ottawa at the time, leading the Prime Minister to deny that rejuvenated popularity for his party in Quebec was a motivating factor in his decision.

From Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition, the upcoming appointment was met with mostly favourable comments, Jean's predecessor applauded the choice, saying that Jean was "an exciting and imaginative choice for Governor General." In her first remarks after this announcement, Jean herself encouraged Canadians to involve themselves in their communities, and stated that she wished to reach out to all Canadians, regardless of their background, and made it a goal to focus especially on Canadian youth and the disadvantaged.

However, by August 11, 2005, reports emerged of a forthcoming piece by René Boulanger for the Quebec sovereigntist publication Le Québécois that would reveal Jean and her husband's support for Quebec independence, citing Lafond's associations with former members of the terrorist organization, the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ), specifically Jacques Rose. Though Boulanger admitted that he was motivated to incite a rejection of Jean by Anglophone Canadians, Gilles Rhéaume, former president of the Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, called on the Governor General-Designate to reveal how she voted in Quebec's 1995 referendum on independence, and Members of Parliament, as well as some provincial premiers, demanded that Jean and her husband clarify where their sympathies lay. Then, four days after the Prime Minister publicly explained that Jean and her spouse had both undergone thorough background checks by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Canadian Security Intelligence Service, there came to light, on August 17, the existence of a documentary in which Jean had been filmed with several hard-line Quebec separatists, all toasting "to independence" after Jean stated: "Independence can't be given, it must be taken."

That same day, Jean responded with a public statement, saying "I wish to tell you unequivocally that both my husband and I are proud to be Canadian and that we have the greatest respect for the institutions of our country. We are fully committed to Canada. I would not have accepted this position otherwise... [We] have never belonged to a political party or the separatist movement," and went on to say that in the documented footage she had been speaking about Haiti and not Quebec. Martin added on his earlier comments: "There is no doubt in my mind that her devotion to Canada is longstanding and resolute," though some critics continued to argue that Jean's response had been too vague. By late August, polls showed that there had been a 20% drop in support for the recommendation of Jean as the next governor general, in response to which the Haitian community voiced their support for Jean, even holding special church services in her honour. Jean reaffirmed in late 2010 that the rumours of her separatist sympathies were untrue and revealed that she had been upset by those journalists who she saw as capitalizing on sensationalism, rather than seeking accuracy through investigation, but she had been advised repeatedly not to respond.

The Queen held audience with Jean and her family on September 6, 2005, at Balmoral Castle. Though this type of meeting with a governor general-designate was standard, Jean's was unique in that the presence of her young daughter marked the first time in Elizabeth's reign that her designated viceroy-to-be had brought a child to an audience, which caused some protocol issues. The weekend was informal; for one dinner, coincidentally on the eve of Jean's birthday, the Queen drove Jean and her family to a cottage on the Balmoral estate, where they were joined by Prince Philip and Prince Edward, who, along with the Queen, performed the cooking and washing up. Of it, Jean said "[i]t was probably the best birthday of my life." The commission appointing Jean was issued on September 10 under the royal sign-manual and Great Seal of Canada.

Upon her return to Canada, Jean yet again became a target when the subject of her dual citizenship was raised, in particular the French variety she had obtained through her marriage to the French-born Lafond. A section of the French civil code forbade French citizens from holding government or military positions in other countries, yet Jean, as governor general, would hold a governmental position as the representative of Canada's head of state, and, as such, would have a military role carrying out the duties of Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Forces, as constitutionally vested in the monarch. The French embassy in Ottawa stated that there was "no question" that the law would not be enforced in Jean's case, but, on September 25, two days before her swearing-in, Jean made it public that she had renounced her French citizenship "[in] light of the responsibilities related to the function of Governor General of Canada and Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Forces" and "France acceded to my request by decree on September 23, 2005."

In office

At her investiture ceremony in the Senate chamber on September 27, 2005, Jean declared in a speech described as "moving" that "the time of the Two Solitudes that for too long described the character of this country is past," and called for the protection of the environment, the shielding of culture against globalization, and an end to the marginalization of young people. According to one media account, "the pomp and circumstance of Canada's most significant state function were blended with humour, passion and even tears." while The Globe and Mail columnist John Ibbitson reflected the general captivation with the new governor general in the following way:

Echoing her inaugural speech, the motto on the personal coat of arms created for Jean upon taking office as governor general was BRISER LES SOLITUDES, which translates into "breaking down solitudes". One of her first acts as vicereine was then to launch an online chat with Canadians, as part of the larger project of creating within the Governor General's domain name a website dubbed "Citizen Voices: Breaking Down Solitudes", where users could engage each other in discussion forums and prominent individuals could post blog entries. The focus extended beyond simply the relationship between the traditional Two Solitudes of Francophones and Anglophones in Canada to include relations between peoples of all racial, linguistic, cultural, and gender groups.

Over the first two years of her mandate, Jean embarked on the traditional viceregal tours of Canada's provinces and territories. In British Columbia, Jean presented the Grey Cup at the 93rd Canadian Football League championship game; in Iqaluit, Nunavut, she opened the Toonik Tyme Festival, where she donated eighty books in Inuktitut, French, and English to the Centennial Library in commemoration of Queen Elizabeth II's 80th birthday; and, on May 4, 2006, she became the first governor general to address the Alberta legislature. During these tours, Jean also focused strongly on the plight of female victims of violence, meeting with representatives of women's organizations, such as when, in 2007, she participated in a historic private discussion with aboriginal women chiefs and elders at Saskatchewan's Government House. In contrast to her low approval ratings prior to her appointment, crowds were large and welcoming wherever Jean went. Only as her convoy arrived at the National War Memorial for her first Remembrance Day ceremony, on November 11, 2005, were Jean and Lafond greeted with disapproval from an audience, when veterans turned their backs on the Governor General and her consort to show contempt for two people the veterans felt had worked to break up the country they had fought to defend.

Military duties and welcomes overseas

The viceregal family undertook their first international trip in February 2006, journeying to Italy to attend the closing ceremonies of the 2006 Winter Olympics, meet Italian President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi in Torino, and Pope Benedict XVI at the Vatican. Three months later, Jean attended the investiture of René Préval as President of Haiti, Jean's first visit to her homeland in her capacity as the Queen's representative, and where she was greeted with enthusiasm in Jacmel. At the end of the year, between November 18 and December 11, 2006, Jean then embarked on a trip consisting of state visits to five African countries—Algeria, Mali, Ghana, South Africa, and Morocco—wherein the Governor General encouraged women's rights. She also, in a precedent-breaking move, personally explained on her Citizen Voices website the role of the governor general in undertaking such trips and the reason behind these particular tours throughout Africa, after which she continued to post her observations and feelings on her experiences on the continent. In Mali, where she arrived on November 23, 2006, Jean was greeted by tens of thousands of people lining the highway as her motorcade passed and, in the town of Benieli, she was presented with a goat, replete with a Canadian flag on its collar. Male vendors also gave Canadian journalists gifts to be passed on to Jean, provided that she also be given their telephone numbers. Further, during the South African leg of the tour, then President Thabo Mbeki praised the Queen-in-Council's decision to appoint Jean as governor general, citing it as an example to European countries of how African immigrants could be treated.

Jean embraced her role as acting commander-in-chief, one of her first international duties being a trip, from October 29–30, 2005, to France for the 90th anniversary of the Battle of Vimy Ridge, just after which she returned to Canada for the arrival at Trenton, Ontario, of the bodies of six Canadian soldiers killed in Afghanistan. Jean made on March 8, 2007, her first visit to Canadian troops taking part in the offensive in Afghanistan; she had earlier expressed her desire to go, but Harper advised against such a trip on the grounds of security concerns, the relevance of which were demonstrated when two attacks were made against Canadian soldiers on the same day the Governor General landed in Kabul. Jean had the arrival timed specifically for International Women's Day, stating: "the women of Afghanistan may face the most unbearable conditions, but they never stop fighting for survival. Of course, we, the rest of the women around the world, took too long to hear the cries of our Afghan sisters, but I am here to tell them that they are no longer alone. And neither are the people of Afghanistan." Part of the Governor General's itinerary included meeting with Afghan women, Canadian soldiers, Royal Canadian Mounted Police teams, humanitarian workers, and diplomats.

"Loose cannon" accusation
There was, by early 2007, some perception that Jean's schedule was seemingly thinner than that of her predecessors; an initial explanation of fatigue was further detailed by the Secretary to the Governor General as thyroid problems, and that the vicereine's doctor had advised rest after Jean's previously hectic diary. At the same time, some in the Ottawa Press Gallery opined that Jean had on a few occasions in the previous year overstepped the boundaries of an office that was expected to remain non-partisan; journalist Chantal Hébert said that the Governor General had "been wading uncommonly deep in political territory over the past few months", citing Jean's criticism of Quebec sovereigntists and her expressed support for the mission of Canadian troops in Afghanistan. Further, Michael Valpy penned a piece in The Globe and Mail critiquing Jean for inviting who Valpy described as "potentially politically charged individuals" to post on her Citizen Voices website. Jean had also made, at the roast-like annual National Press Gallery dinner, satirical remarks about Parti Québécois leadership candidate André Boisclair's admitted cocaine use and, in a September 18, 2006 interview regarding a proposed subsidy for Canadians to travel domestically, she commented that Quebecers "are sometimes very disconnected from the rest of Canada" and that their isolation affected Canada's unity. Jean later clarified her opinion by adding that Canadians from all provinces were disconnected from other parts of the country, and a September 26 editorial in the Montreal Gazette supported Jean's statements on the divisions between Canada's peoples, saying that supporting national unity was a part of a governor general's mandate; but, the ire of Quebec separatist politicians was not assuaged. Further, the content of a speech by Jean to mark the 25th anniversary of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms was regarded as thinly veiled criticism of her Cabinet's decision to end the Court Challenges Program and, into 2007, it was reported that Jean's staff at Rideau Hall had been systematically removing royal portraits from the walls of the residence. All of this prompted Valpy to reveal that, early in his time as prime minister, Stephen Harper was told by Alex Himelfarb, then the Clerk of the Privy Council: "Prime Minister, your biggest problem is in Rideau Hall," meaning Jean and her potential to be a "loose cannon".

Jean carried out the regular ceremonial duties of state, such as dedicating the new Michael Lee-Chin Crystal at the Royal Ontario Museum on June 1, 2007 (following in the footsteps of her predecessor, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, the governor general who opened the first expansion of the museum in 1914), and undertaking a state visit to Brazil, from July 6–15, 2007.

Parliamentary prorogation
In late 2008, the Governor General had to return to Canada in the midst of a state visit in Europe to contend with a parliamentary dispute, as a coalition of three opposition parties in parliament threatened to rescind their confidence in the Cabinet under the leadership of Stephen Harper and subsequently form the government. After two and half hours of deliberation, Jean chose to follow the constitutional precedent of accepting her prime minister's advice, which was to prorogue parliament until late January 2009. At the end of Jean's viceregal tenure, Peter H. Russell, one of the constitutional experts from whom Jean sought advice, disclosed that the Governor General granted the prorogation on two conditions: parliament would reconvene soon and, when it did, the Cabinet would produce a passable budget. This, Russell said, set a precedent that would prevent future prime ministers from advising the prorogation of parliament "for any length of time for any reason." Jean thus prevented the approaching non-confidence vote, as well as a resulting situation wherein she would be required to choose between asking the coalition to form a government or dissolving parliament and dropping the writs, after having a federal election only six weeks earlier. Along with the subsequent prorogation of parliament in December 2009 and the earlier calling of an election in October 2008, Jean was for almost two years part of a controversy in the Canadian media that focused on the constitutional relationships between the governor general and the prime minister or the leaders of the parties in opposition.

Seal meat, new uniforms, and crisis in Haiti

During a tour of Nunavut in early 2009, the Governor General again garnered headlines when she participated in a traditional Inuit seal feast at a community festival, gutting a seal that had been recently killed by hunters and consuming a piece of the raw heart. While both her immediate predecessor and Prince Charles had previously partaken in raw seal meat in the Canadian Arctic, Jean's simple act drew attention, both positive and negative, because of its coincidence with the European Parliament's recent ban on the import of Canadian seal products. Dining on seal was a traditional aspect of the annual event and it was proper etiquette for the Governor General, as a guest, to take part. When asked by reporters what her motivations were, Jean replied: "Take from that what you will."

A series of state visits followed in 2009, to Norway, Croatia, Greece, and Mexico, as well as another visit to Canadian troops in Afghanistan from September 8–9. In between these diplomatic missions, Jean presided on June 27 over the ceremonies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, for the consecration and presentation of the new Queen's Colour to the Canadian navy; she wore at that time the Commander-in-Chief's naval uniform, marking the revival of a practice that had ceased following the tenure of Ray Hnatyshyn. She, along with Prince Charles, did the same at the 2009 Remembrance Day events in Ottawa, both at that time sporting Canadian army dress uniform. Then, in June 2010, Jean conducted a fleet review in Esquimalt Harbour, to mark the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Royal Canadian Navy.

The vicereine again won plaudits, though not universal, from the media and public for her actions following the earthquake that devastated her native Haiti on January 12, 2010, in which she lost her friend Magalie Marcelin, godmother to Jean's daughter. The Governor General, with her prime minister, Stephen Harper, attended an emergency meeting at the Department of Foreign Affairs and then made a tearful speech, with parts in Haitian Creole, thanking the Cabinet for its swift action and the Canadian media for its coverage, as well as urging strength and courage to Haitians. She later attended a vigil in Montreal and, on January 25, 2010, met at Rideau Hall with Haitian prime minister Jean-Max Bellerive. After officially opening the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, on February 12, and the Winter Paralympics a month later, the Governor General made a visit to Haiti, from March 8–10, 2010, to observe the devastation and Canadian assistance being meted out there and to meet with President Préval.

End of tenure
Jean announced to the press in early 2010 that she would step out of the viceregal role near the end of the traditional, but not official, five-year period. The then official opposition leader, Michael Ignatieff, publicly advocated the extension of Jean's tenure, in doing so breaking the tradition of keeping consultations on the next governor general among the prime minister and opposition party leaders confidential. Polls conducted around that time showed that Jean had earned an approval rating of 60%, and a constitutional expert at the University of Toronto called her performance as governor general "superb", though some of her missteps were noted.

On May 10, 2010, Princess Margriet of the Netherlands presented Jean with a new tulip cultivar named the Michaëlle Jean tulip; with deep maroon petals; it was designed to reflect the Governor General's personal tastes. This carried on the tradition of Dutch royalty giving tulips as gifts to Canada.

Summaries of Jean's time as the Queen's representative emerged by mid-2010; Jean was regarded as having fulfilled the role in an admirable, though not perfect, fashion. It was noted that she used the office, her speaking abilities, and photogenic nature to Canada's advantage, promoting freedom, human rights, and urban youth, and to bring attention to socio-economic problems in the country's north. She was commended for her dedication to the arts, Aboriginal Canadians, the Armed Forces, and her outreach to Haiti following the earthquake there, but critiqued for specific incidents, such as referring to herself as Canada's head of state and making public comments that skirted the political. Her ability to personally connect with those she met was also noted, as well as her frequent displays of emotion; commentators dubbed her the empathizer-in-chief.

Post-viceregal life
In the weeks before Jean's departure from the viceregal office, the Cabinet announced that the Michaëlle Jean Foundation would be established by the federal Crown-in-Council to focus on promoting education, culture, and creativity among youth from rural, northern, and/or poor communities in Canada. It was also reported that the Secretary-General of the United Nations would be appointing Jean to act as special envoy to Haiti for the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, with an aim to fight poverty and illiteracy and raise international funds. She was on November 8, 2010, appointed for a four-year term. Although the position's office is located in Paris, France, Jean opted to remain in Canada and base herself out of space provided by the University of Ottawa and rented by the Michaëlle Jean Foundation. In early 2011, Jean made a call for the overhaul of Haiti's education system, as "the cornerstone of the impoverished nation's future prosperity." Also that year, it was announced that Jean had been appointed as Chancellor of the University of Ottawa; she began her term on February 1, 2012, and stepped down in 2015.

In 2023, Jean was announced as the distinguished keynote speaker for Canada's Supporting Women in Film Trades (SWIFT) 2023 Conference held in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. At a SWIFT press conference at Frank Digital's Studio, the event's Executive Director Adam Smoluk praised Jean's accomplishments and stated, "As a woman who made strides in male-dominated fields including politics, journalism, and filmmaking, Jean was a natural choice to headline the conference."

Secretary-General of La Francophonie
Secretary-General of La Francophonie Abdou Diouf, in April 2011, appointed Jean as the Grand Témoin de la Francophonie for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, England, with the task of promoting the French language and ensuring compliance by the London Olympic Organising Committee with rule 24 of the Olympic Charter, which gives French the status of an official language of the Olympic Games.

In 2014, the Canadian federal government, along with the provincial governments of Quebec and New Brunswick, as well as the government of Haiti endorsed Jean's candidacy to be Diouf's successor as Secretary-General of La Francophonie. On November 30, 2014, the representatives of governments of the 57-member organization chose Jean for the position by consensus after the four other candidates withdrew.

Her four-year mandate began January 5, 2015, and she has since promoted democratic procedures—particularly in respect to elections in the Central African Republic, Niger, Comoros, and Benin—education, and the rights of women and girls.

Jean sought a mandate for a second four-year term at the 2018 Francophonie Summit in Armenia, however, France and eventually Canada supported the consensus candidate, Rwandan foreign minister Louise Mushikiwabo. Jean has been criticized for expenses such as spending $500,000 to renovate her Paris apartment, a $50,000 bill for four nights at Manhattan's Waldorf-Astoria hotel, the acquisition of a $20,000 piano and the $1-million price tag for a youth-engagement program carried out aboard the replica of a historic 18th century ship, the Hermione.

Jean was defeated in her bid for a second term when the 2018 Francophonie summit held in Armenia agreed, by consensus, to elect Rwandan foreign minister Louise Mushikiwabo as secretary-general. Jean's term in office ended on January 2, 2019.

Chancellor of St. Paul's University College

Jean was named to succeed Jean Paul Gladu as chancellor of St. Paul's University College in late October 2020. The school, which is affiliated with the University of Waterloo, offers programs in Indigenous Studies, International Development, Canadian Studies and Human Rights while also being home to the Waterloo Indigenous Student Centre, the Student Refugee Program, and GreenHouse, a nationally-recognized social enterprise incubator.

Head of the Fédération haïtienne de football

Jean was given the mandate to revive Haitian soccer.
She will be at the head of the Federation until 2022 and will try to straighten it out after a sex scandal involving the former president. Jean and her three colleagues will notably have to organize the election of the next FHF executive committee. None of them will be eligible for the vacancies.

Honours

Appointments
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)
 October 1, 2010 – May 8, 2013: Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)
 May 8, 2013 –: Extraordinary Companion of the Order of Canada (CC)
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Chancellor and Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)
 October 1, 2010 – May 8, 2013: Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)
 May 8, 2013 –: Extraordinary Commander of the Order of Military Merit (CMM)
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Chancellor and Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM)
 October 1, 2010: Commander of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces (COM)
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Dame of Justice, Prior, and Chief Officer in Canada of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (DStJ)
 October 1, 2010: Dame of Justice of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (DStJ)
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Chief Scout of Canada
 2005: Honorary Member of the Royal Military College of Canada Club
 2007: Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (FRCPSC(hon))
 September 26, 2012: Member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada (PC)

 Medals
 September 27, 2005: Canadian Forces' Decoration (CD)
 2005: Saskatchewan Centennial Medal
 February 6, 2012: Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal

 Awards
 1989: the Human Rights League of Canada Media Award
 1989: Fondation Mireille Lanctôt Prix Mireille-Lanctôt
 1994: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Prix Anik
 1995: Amnesty International Canada Journalism Award
 1997: City of Montreal Citizen of Honour
 2000: Conseil de la Langue Française du Québec Prix Raymond-Charette
 2000: Canadian Association of Cable Television Providers Galaxie Award
 2001: Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television Prix Gémeaux (Best Interview: All Categories)
 2004: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation French Television Prize
 2009: Board of Governors Recognition Achievement Award from the National Quality Institute
2009: Recipient of the Top 25 Canadian Immigrant Awards
 November 16, 2009: National Quality Institute Recognition of Achievement Award

 Foreign honours
 1985: Swiss Ambassador to Canada's Prize of Excellence in French and Italian studies
 May 28, 2010: United Nations Development Fund for Women Canada Award
 2011: Grand Cross of the National Order of the Legion of Honour
 2003July 7, 2014: Knight of the Order of La Pléiade
 July 7, 2014present: Grand Cross of the Order of La Pléiade

Honorary military appointments
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Colonel of the Governor General's Horse Guards
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Colonel of the Governor General's Foot Guards
 September 27, 2005October 1, 2010: Colonel of the Canadian Grenadier Guards

Honorary degrees
 June 5, 2006: University of Ottawa, Doctor of the University (D.Univ.)
 July 21, 2006: University for Foreigners Perugia, Doctor of International Relations (DIR)
 November 10, 2006: McGill University, Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.)
 March 25, 2007: Osgoode Hall Law School at York University, Doctor of Laws (LLD)
 June 5, 2007: University of Manitoba, Doctor of Laws (LLD)
 June 10, 2008: University of Alberta, Doctor of Laws (LLD)
 May 23, 2009: Université de Moncton, Doctorate of Letters (DLitt)
 June 14, 2009: Université Laval, Doctor of the University (DUniv)
 May 20, 2010: Royal Military College of Canada, Doctor of Military Science (DMSc)
 May 26, 2010: Université de Montréal, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
 February 25, 2011: University of Guelph, Doctor of Laws (LLD)
 November 17, 2011: University of Calgary, Doctor of Laws (LLD)
 2012: Law Society of Upper Canada, Doctor of Laws (LL.D.)
 November 10, 2012: Carleton University,  Doctor of Laws (LL.D.)
 June 15, 2013: DePaul University
 October 24, 2013: NorQuest College, Honorary Diploma
 May 28, 2014: Laurentian University, Doctor of Laws (LL.D.)
 Early 2019: Dalhousie University, Doctor of Laws (LL.D.)

Honorific eponyms
Awards
 Michaëlle Jean and Jean-Daniel Lafond Endowment Fund for Social Communication Studies
 Michaëlle Jean Emergency Hunger Relief Award

Geographic locations
 Michaëlle Jean Park, Winnipeg

Schools
 École Élémentaire Michaëlle Jean, Binbrook
 Michaëlle Jean Public School, Barrhaven
 Michaëlle Jean Public School, Richmond Hill

Flora
 Michaëlle Jean tulip

Arms

See also
 Haitian Canadian
 Immigration to Canada
 List of elected and appointed female heads of state

Notes

References

External links

 Website of the Governor General of Canada entry for Michaëlle Jean
 The Canadian Encyclopedia entry for Michaëlle Jean
 Buckingham Palace statement on Queen's approval of appointment
 Slideshow of the installation of Michaëlle Jean as Governor General of Canada
 Video of Michaëlle Jean's installation as Governor General of Canada
 The Canadian Press: Michaëlle Jean's stint at Rideau Hall
 Fondation Michaëlle Jean Foundation

1957 births
Black Canadian broadcasters
Canadian television journalists
Canadian military personnel from Ontario
Canadian military personnel from Quebec
Companions of the Order of Canada
Dames of Justice of the Order of St John
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
Governors General of Canada
Haitian emigrants to Canada
Canadian people of Haitian descent
Naturalized citizens of Canada
People from Jacmel
People from Le Sud-Ouest
Journalists from Ontario
Journalists from Quebec
Mass media people from Ottawa
Université de Montréal alumni
Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
University of Florence alumni
Università per Stranieri di Perugia alumni
Canadian female military personnel
Haitian Quebecers
Living people
People from Thetford Mines
Canadian women television journalists
Chancellors of the University of Ottawa
Canadian women viceroys
Chief Scouts of Canada
Secretaries-General of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
French people of Haitian descent
Black Canadian women
21st-century Canadian politicians
21st-century Canadian women politicians
Applicants for refugee status in Canada
20th-century Canadian journalists
21st-century Canadian journalists
Commanders of the Order of Military Merit (Canada)
20th-century Canadian women
Female governors-general
Black Canadian journalists

Michaëlle Jean


Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus
 Flavius Gratianus Augustus
 Flavius Ricimer
 Titus Flavius Vespasianus
 Titus Flavius Clemens
 Flavius Valerius Constantius
 Josephus Flavius
 Flavius Theodosius
 Flavius Valentinianus
 Flavius Valerius Constantinus
 Titus Flavius Domitianus
 Flavius Claudius Julianus

Flavius


Der Rebel Yell (etwa "Schrei der Rebellen") war ein Schlachtruf der Konföderierten während des Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieges.

Ursprung
Es ist nicht zweifelsfrei geklärt, woher der Rebel Yell stammt. Oft wurde ihm ein indianischer Ursprung nachgesagt, denn einige texanische Einheiten vermischten den Rebel Yell mit verschiedenen Kriegsrufen der Comanchen.

Einer anderen Theorie zufolge ist er keltischen Ursprungs und stellt eine kriegerische Umdeutung traditioneller Hunde- und Hüterufe, also von mündlichen Jagd- und Hirtensignalen dar. Der Rebel Yell stünde in diesem Falle in einer langen Traditionslinie keltischen Schlachtgeschreis, die bis in die Antike zurück bezeugt ist. Diese Annahme ist umso wahrscheinlicher, da ein großer Teil der Bevölkerung der Südstaaten keltischer, also schottischer, irischer oder walisischer Abstammung war und ist.

Klang
Die exakte Lautgestalt des Rebel Yell ist ebenso ungewiss, allerdings existieren verschiedene Beschreibungen und Tonaufnahmen. Letztere stammen unter anderem von den Feierlichkeiten von 1938 anlässlich des 75. Jahrestages der Schlacht von Gettysburg. Einer Beschreibung nach hörte er sich an wie eine Mischung zwischen dem Schrei eines Indianers und einem heulenden Wolf. Ein Veteran der Nordstaaten beschrieb ihn nach dem Krieg folgendermaßen: Einen derartigen Schrei gibt es diesseits der Hölle kein zweites Mal. [...] Er bohrt sich einem durch Mark und Bein wie ein Korkenzieher. Man muss ihn gehört haben, um das zu verstehen. James M. McPherson beschreibt ihn in seinem Standardwerk über den Bürgerkrieg, Für die Freiheit sterben, als einen unheimlich gellenden Schrei, der die Luft zerschneidet.

Trivia
 H. Allen Smith veröffentlichte 1954 einen kurzen humoristischen Roman über die Südstaaten mit dem Titel The Rebel yell: Being a carpetbagger's̓ attempt to establish the truth concerning the screech of the Confederate soldier plus lesser matters appertaining to the peculiar habits of the South.
 Die Racing-Holzachterbahn Rebel Yell in den USA wurde nach dem Rebel Yell der Konföderierten benannt.
 Rebel Yell ist auch der Name eines Bourbon Whiskeys, und der Song Rebel Yell des Rocksängers Billy Idol ist wiederum nach dem Whiskey benannt.

Aufnahmen
 Videoaufnahme von Bürgerkriegsveteranen aus den 1930ern
 Ausschnitt aus Ken Burns Dokumentation Der Amerikanische Bürgerkrieg; ab Minute 2:30 (schooltube)
 Dokumentation auf youtube
 Website mit Tonaufnahme des Rebel Yell

Literatur
 M. B. Darwin: A Footnote on the Rebel Yell. In: American Speech 48, 1973. S. 303–304.
 Andrew S. Hasselbring: The Rebel Yell. In: Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association 25:2, 1984. S. 198–201.
 Perry D Jamieson und Grady McWhiney: Attack and Die : Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa AL 1981. ISBN 0817302298
 Allen Walker Read: The Rebel Yell as a Linguistic Problem. In: American Speech 36:2, 1961. S. 83–92.

Einzelnachweise

Sezessionskrieg
Englische Phrase

Rebel Yell


Der Sannäsfjord () ist eine Bucht in der Gemeinde Tanum im Norden der historischen Provinz Bohuslän.

Am Ostufer befindet sich die Ortschaft Sannäs. In der Mündung liegt die Insel Havsten. Im Norden wird der Sannäsfjord durch die Klättahalbinsel und im Süden durch die Havstenssundshalbinsel begrenzt.

Der Sannäsfjord wurde erstmals in den norwegischen Königssagen als Sämsfjord genannt. Diesen Namen behielt er auch, als das Gebiet im Jahr 1658 schwedisch wurde. Mit dem Größerwerden der Siedlung Sannäs änderte sich die Bezeichnung zu Sannäsfjord.

Zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts existierten Pläne, vom inneren Teil der Bucht in Richtung Süden einen Kanal durch die Havstenssundshalbinsel bei Edsvik zu bauen, damit die Schifffahrt bei schlechtem Wetter nicht die gefährlichen Gewässer außerhalb von Tjurpannan nutzen musste.

Natur
Im Sannäsfjord herrscht eine große biologische Vielfalt, aufgrund der unberührten Natur und Strömungen im Skagerrak, die salzhaltiges und frisches Wasser mit sich führen. Gleichzeitig ist der Einfluss von Brackwasser aus der Ostsee und von verunreinigtem Flusswasser aus Norwegen für schwedische Verhältnisse sehr gering. Die Gewässer, die in den Sannäsfjord münden, sind auch relativ frei von Verschmutzungen. Im Gebiet gibt es große Flächen mit gewöhnlichem Seegras, diese sind für das marine Leben äußerst wichtig als Nahrungs- und Aufzuchtgebiet für Kabeljau, Scholle und Aale. Es gibt eine große Austernpopulation und im äußeren Teil immer noch reiche Hummergewässer. Der Sannäsfjord ist Teil eines Natura 2000 Schutzgebietes in Bohusläns Schärengarten.

Weblinks
 Information über den Sannäsfjord (schwedisch, PDF, 1,4 MiB)

Einzelnachweise

Natura-2000-Gebiet
Geographie (Gemeinde Tanum)
Bucht in Schweden
Bucht (Nordsee)
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Schweden
Bucht in Europa
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa

Sannäsfjord


Četvrta hrvatska košarkaška liga je od sezone 2017./18. zamijenila dotadašnje C lige košarkaškog prvenstva Hrvatske.

4. liga KS Međimurske županije

Ligaški dio

 Izvori:
 KS Međimurske županije, 4. liga
 ksmz.hr, 22. kolo i ljestvica ligaškog dijela
 medjimurje.hr
 sportlus.com

Završni turnir
Igrano u Murskom Središću.

 Izvori:
 ksmz.hr, završni turnir i konačni poredak
 medjimurje.hr, završni turnir 4. lige KS MŽ

Unutrašnje poveznice

 Premijer liga 2017./18.
 Prva liga 2017./18.
 Druga liga 2017./18.
 Treća liga 2017./18.
 Kup Krešimira Ćosića 2017./18.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

4 liga 2017-18
m-5-četvrta

Četvrta hrvatska muška košarkaška liga 2017./18.


Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection este o reproducere a celui de-al doilea album de studio Teenage Dream.
Contine varianta acustica a  "The One That Got Away" si 3 remix-uri aditionale.

Cantece

Top-uri

Publicare

Albume din 2012

Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection


La classe Kalvari est une classe de sous-marins d'attaque conventionnels diesel-électriques, basée sur le sous-marin français de classe Scorpène, en cours de construction pour la marine indienne. La classe (et les sous-marins de celle-ci) reprennent le nom des premiers sous-marins mis en service dans la marine indienne, la . Les sous-marins sont conçus par la société française de défense et d'énergie navale DCNS, et sont fabriqués par Mazagon Dock Limited à Bombay.

En 2023, l'Inde signe avec la France un accord pour la commande de 3 sous-marins Scorpene supplémentaires. Toutefois, les termes commerciaux et les caractéristiques techniques ne sont pas encore négociés.

Historique du projet
En 1997, le ministère de la Défense indien a approuvé un plan d'acquisition de -marins dans le cadre du . En 1998, l'Inde a commencé à négocier avec DCN l'achat de quatre sous-marins de classe Scorpène, dont deux seront construits au chantier naval Mazagon à partir de kits. Après le conflit de Kargil en 1999, le Comité du Cabinet sur la sécurité a approuvé un plan de construction de sous-marins sur  qui prévoyait deux lignes de production parallèles, chacune construisant six sous-marins. L'ancien  a été intégré dans le nouveau plan, les deux lignes de production devant être construites dans le cadre des  et 75I en utilisant le transfert de technologie de différents fabricants étrangers. Les négociations ont ensuite été élargies pour inclure Armaris, une coentreprise de DCN et Thales, pour six sous-marins à construire à Mazagon Dock.

Le , l'Inde a signé une série de contrats de transfert de technologie pour :
 la construction de six sous-marins au chantier naval Mazagon avec Armaris,
 la fourniture d'équipements et de services avec le gouvernement français,
 et la fourniture de missiles SM39 Exocet avec MBDA.

DCN International a été désigné comme maître d'œuvre en partenariat avec Navantia. Armaris était responsable de la fourniture des systèmes de combat et de conseillers techniques pour la construction de sous-marins à MDL. L'ensemble du programme a été évalué à  d'euros. L'accord comprenait une clause de compensation de 30 % et les sous-marins devaient être livrés sur cinq ans à compter de 2012. La conception Scorpène a remporté le contrat en raison de sa capacité de tirer des missiles antinavires Exocet et d'un accord sur la propulsion indépendante de l'air. L'Inde a annulé son projet d'incorporer sur les deux derniers sous-marins en construction un système de propulsion indépendant de l'air, développé par DRDO, en raison d'un retard dans son développement. Un projet d'achat de trois autres sous-marins en vertu de la clause d'options a été annulé en septembre 2016.

La découpe de l'acier pour le premier sous-marin a commencé le  et la construction de la coque a commencé le . En août 2014, le projet avait quatre ans de retard. Le retard a été attribué à la lenteur de la finalisation des contrats d'acquisition de capteurs et de composants de systèmes de propulsion par Mazagon Dock et DCNS. Le premier sous-marin, l' (en malayalam : requin-tigre), a été lancé le  et a commencé ses essais en mer le .

En juin 2016, un projet visant à armer les sous-marins de classe Kalvari de  de Whitehead Sistemi Subacquei a été annulé en réponse à des allégations de corruption contre la société sœur de WASS, AgustaWestland. Le ministre de la Défense Manohar Parrikar, sous le gouvernement NDA, a déclaré que les torpilles pour le sous-marin seraient achetées auprès d'autres sociétés. Les torpilles SeaHake de l'allemand Atlas Elektronik et les torpilles F21 françaises peuvent être envisagées. Les torpilles indigènes Varunastra, en cours de développement par DRDO, peuvent également être utilisées comme alternative. Les sous-marins ont été (pour le moment) configurés pour tirer des torpilles contre des cibles de surface et sous-marines (SUT). Le Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL) du DRDO développe un système de propulsion indépendant de l'air (AIP) indigène qui sera installé lors du premier programme de radoub à partir de 2023.

Le , à l'occasion de la visite officielle du premier ministre de l'Inde Narendra Modi, l'Inde et la France signent un protocole d'accord pour la construction de 3 sous-marins Scorpène supplémentaires. Comme les 6 premiers, ils seraient construits par le chantier naval Mazagon de Bombay. L'accord de principe, qui concerne également l'achat de 26 avions Dassault Rafale, ne correspond pas à une commande finalisée et les caractéristiques du matériel, tout comme les aspects commerciaux, ne sont alors pas négociés.

Conception
La classe Kalvari est capable d'opérations offensives dans tout le spectre de la guerre navale, y compris la lutte anti-surface, la lutte anti-sous-marine, la collecte de renseignement, la pose de mines et la surveillance de zone. Il a une longueur hors-tout de , une hauteur de , une largeur de  et un tirant d'eau de . Il peut atteindre une vitesse maximale de  () lorsqu'il est immergé et une vitesse maximale de  () en surface. Le sous-marin a un rayon d'action de 6500 milles () à  () en surface. Chaque navire est propulsé par quatre moteurs diesel MTU 12V 396 SE84, dispose de  de batterie ( chacune) et d'un moteur de propulsion silencieux à aimantation permanente. La coque, l'aileron et les hydroplanes sont conçus pour un hydrodynamisme maximal, et tous les équipements à l'intérieur de la coque sous pression sont montés sur des berceaux absorbant les chocs pour une furtivité accrue. L'acier spécial qui a été utilisé dans sa construction possède une résistance à la traction élevée, capable de résister à une contrainte d'élasticité élevée et à une force hydrostatique. Chaque sous-marin dispose de  de câblage et de  de tuyauterie. La classe a un déplacement de  en surface et  en immersion.

Cette classe est équipée de six tubes lance-torpilles de  pouvant tirer une combinaison de 18 torpilles SUT (Surface and Underwater Target) à guidage filaire, de fabrication allemande, et de missiles antinavires SM39 Exocet, ou emporter  à la place des deux. La classe est également équipée de leurres anti-torpilles mobiles C303/S pour l'autodéfense. Les systèmes d'armes et les capteurs sont intégrés au système de combat tactique intégré sous-marin (SUBTICS). Il dispose d'un système de sonar capable d'analyse et de télémétrie à basse fréquence (LOFAR) permettant la détection et la classification à longue portée. Chaque sous-marin a un effectif de  et .

Navires de la classe
La fabrication de la coque des six sous-marins est maintenant terminée et le premier sous-marin a été mis en service le . En février 2021, il est prévu que les bateaux restants devraient être livrés d'ici fin 2022 ou début 2023.

Galerie

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Sous-marin lanceur de missiles de croisière
 Liste des sous-marins de l'Inde

Classe de sous-marin de la Marine indienne

Classe Kalvari (2015)


Mia Therese Wagner (født 25. december 1977 i Viborg) er en dansk forretningskvinde. Hun er medstifter af virksomheden Nordic Female Founders, som arbejder for større diversitet i det danske iværksætteri. Hun er tidligere administrerende direktør for Freeway-koncernen, som investerer i iværksætteri. Koncernen er ejet af Mia Wagners far Morten L. Wagner og bror Morten O. Wagner. Sidstnævnte grundlagde i 1998 online kæresteportalen dating.dk, der i dag stadigvæk er en del af Freeway-koncernen. Der er mere end 20 hovedsageligt webbaserede virksomheder i Freeway.

Baggrund

Personligt liv
Mia Wagner er mor til to døtre. Hun er bosat i Vedbæk og er single.

Opvækst og uddannelse
Mia Wagner blev født i 1977 og voksede op i Viborg som datter af advokaten Morten L. Wagner og Charlotte Wagner. Hun har tre søskende, herunder iværksætteren Morten O. Wagner.

Hun gik på Overlund Skole i det østlige Viborg. Derefter tog hun en 2-årig HF på Viborg Amtsgymnasium. Mia Wagner drømte som barn og ung om at blive retsmediciner og begyndte at læse medicin på Odense Universitet som 18-årig, men skiftede spor og uddannede sig til jurist ved Københavns Universitet. Hun har desuden en uddannelse i konflikthåndtering.

Erhvervskarriere
Mia Wagner begyndte som advokatfuldmægtig i sin fars advokatfirma Wagner Advokater i 2003, og i 2008 blev hun partner og direktør i virksomheden. I 2017 lukkede advokatfirmaet, og Mia Wagner blev direktør for Freeway-koncernen, som Wagner-familien samtidig overtog det fulde ejerskab af. Hun har endvidere en række bestyrelsesposter. I 2020 startede Mia Wagner i samarbejde med Anne Stampe Olesen virksomheden Nordic Female Founders.

Løvens Hule
Siden efteråret 2018 har Mia Wagner været investor i tv-programmet Løvens Hule, der sendes på DR 1. Hun var i sin første sæson, der blev sendt i vinteren og foråret 2019, eneste kvindelige investor. De øvrige "løver" var Christian Stadil, Jesper Buch, Peter Warnøe og Jan Dal Lehrmann, hvoraf de to sidstnævnte var debutanter.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Mia Wagner på LinkedIn

Personer fra Viborg
Advokater fra Danmark
Direktører fra Danmark
Iværksættere fra Danmark
Erhvervsfolk fra Danmark
Erhvervskvinder
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog
Investorer i Løvens Hule

Mia Wagner


Ingvild Wetrhus Thorsvik (nascida a 19 de novembro de 1991) é uma política norueguesa.

Ela foi eleita representante no Storting pelo círculo eleitoral de Vest-Agder para o período 2021-2025, pelo Partido Liberal. Ela é membro do Comité Preparatório de Credenciais para o período 2021-2025.

Mulheres da Noruega na política
Membros do Parlamento da Noruega
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1991
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Mulheres)

Ingvild Wetrhus Thorsvik


İkipınar, Çorum ilinin İskilip ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köy, 1928 yılından beri aynı adı taşımaktadır.

Coğrafya
Köy, Çorum il merkezine 58 km, İskilip ilçe merkezine 6 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

İskilip belde ve köyleri

İkipınar, İskilip


Yaser Asprilla, né le  à Bajo Baudó, est un footballeur international colombien qui évolue au poste de milieu offensif au Watford FC.

Biographie
Asprilla est né à Bajo Baudó, dans le département colombien de Chocó, d'un ouvrier du bâtiment et une femme de ménage, dont il est le troisième des six enfants.

Mais alors que son père est blessé par balle, victime de la violence de son quartier natal, la famille de Yaser Asprilla est forcée à déménager dans la municipalité de Palmira, Yaser grandissant ainsi entre les quartiers de Tienda Nueva et Río Nima.

Carrière en club
Issu du centre de formation de l'Envigado FC, Yaser Asprilla fait ses débuts professionnels avec le club le , lors d'une défaite 3-0 contre l'Independiente Medellín en Categoría Primera A.

Le , il marque son premier but avec le club d'Envigado lors d'un match de championnat contre l'Atlético Nacional, où il permet aux siens d'arracher le nul 2-2 en marquant la dernière réalisation de la rencontre, alors qu'il était déjà à la passe décisive sur le précédent. À seulement 17 ans, il s'impose alors comme un des meilleurs butteurs de son équipe en première division colombienne.

Ayant trouvé un accord avec Watford en , Asprilla rejoint le club de la banlieue de Londres en .

Carrière en sélection
Asprilla fait ses débuts avec l'équipe de Colombie le , remplaçant Juan Fernando Quintero à la  d'une victoire 2-1 à domicile contre le Honduras en match amical.

Références

Liens externes

Footballeur international colombien
Naissance en novembre 2003
Naissance dans le département de Chocó
Joueur du Watford FC
Joueur d'Envigado

Yaser Asprilla


Les mots rectus, recta et rectum sont originellement trois déclinaisons (notamment le nominatif singulier masculin, féminin et neutre) d'un adjectif latin signifiant « droit ».

Le mot recta est également un adverbe latin signifiant « tout droit », un adverbe français du (registre familier) signifiant « ponctuellement » ou « inévitablement », et un nom féminin espagnol ou portugais signifiant « ligne droite ».

Le mot rectum est aussi un nom latin signifiant « le droit ».

Sciences et techniques

Anatomie
 Le rectum est le dernier segment du tube digestif, reliant le côlon sigmoïde à l'anus.
 Le rectus abdominis est un muscle pair, plat et polygastrique, situé dans la paroi antérieure de l'abdomen.
 Le gyrus rectus est une circonvolution du lobe frontal du cortex cérébral, située sur la face inférieure des hémisphères, entre le bord médial de la face inférieure et le sillon olfactif.
 Les vasa recta du rein sont les artérioles droites et les veinules droites du rein, un groupe de vaisseaux sanguins rénaux qui rentre dans la médullaire rénale en tant qu'artérioles droites et la quittent pour remonter vers le cortex sous forme de veinules droites.

Astronomie et planétologie
 Rupes Recta est une falaise située dans la partie sud-est de la mer des Nuées, sur la face visible de la Lune.

Biologie
 En taxonomie, les mots rectus, recta et rectum (en italique et sans majuscule) sont employés comme épithète spécifique ou nom subspécifique pour nommer diverses espèces animales ou végétales d'aspect funèbre ou dangereuses. Pour les articles consacrés à de telles espèces, consulter les listes générées automatiquement : rectus, recta, rectum.

Mathématiques
 En géométrie, le latus rectum d'une conique est la corde passant par le foyer de la conique, perpendiculaire à son grand axe et dont les extrémités sont deux points de la courbe. Le semilatus rectum est la moitié du latus rectum.

Sciences humaines et sociales
 La tabula recta est une méthode de chiffrement par substitution polyalphabétique, inventée par l'abbé allemand Trithemius durant la Renaissance.

Toponyme

Argentine
 le , l'un des douze districts de la province de Bongará ;
 la recta Tin Tin, une portion de  parfaitement rectiligne de la route nationale 33, à l'est de Cachi (province de Salta) ;

Pays-Bas
 , un hameau de la commune de Wierden (province d'Overijssel).

Notes et références

Épithète spécifique

Rectum (homonymie)


Esta é uma lista de locais de sepultamento dos primeiros-ministros do Reino Unido.

Primeiros-ministros são normalmente sepultados ou enterrados em um local associado a eles ou, tradicionalmente, à sede de sua família aristocrática. Oito primeiros-ministros foram sepultados na Abadia de Westminster, e vários outros recusaram essa honra; 14 primeiros-ministros foram sepultados em Londres. A maioria dos primeiros-ministros (40) foram sepultados na Inglaterra, seis na Escócia, e um, David Lloyd George, no País de Gales. Todos os primeiros-ministros foram enterrados na Grã-Bretanha, exceto dois, John Stuart, 3.º Conde de Bute e Harold Wilson. Oito primeiros-ministros que ocuparam o cargo no século XX foram cremados antes que suas cinzas fossem enterradas ou espalhadas em outro lugar.

Ver também

Lista de primeiros-ministros do Reino Unido
Locais de sepultamento da realeza britânica

Notas

Referências

; cited as WalODNB.
; cited as CompODNB.
; cited as PelODNB.
; cited as ThPelODNB.
; cited as CavODNB.
; cited as ButeODNB.
; cited as GrenODNB.
; cited as RockODNB.
; cited as GrafODNB.
; cited as CampBanODNB.
; cited as RoseODNB.
; cited as NorODNB.
; cited as PortODNB.
; cited as GrenBarODNB.
; cited as SpenODNB.
; cited as CanODNB.
; cited as PeelODNB.
; cited as GodeODNB.
; cited as RussODNB.
; cited as PalmODNB.

Sepultamento
Primeiros-ministros

Locais de sepultamento dos primeiros-ministros do Reino Unido


Ana Lucía Frega (* 25. November 1935 in Buenos Aires) ist eine argentinische Musikpädagogin.

Leben und Wirken
Frega studierte bis 1954 am Conservatorio Nacional de Música Carlos López  Buchardo. Ab 1962 unterrichtete sie an der Escuela  Argentina Modelo, ab 1969 am Instituto Superior Docente Carlos Maria Biedma. Seit 1967 hatte sie einen Lehrstuhl für Methodologie und Praxis der Musikerziehung am Conservatorio  Nacional de Música Carlos López  Buchardo inne, seit 1993 ist sie Gastprofessorin an der Universidad Nacional de Rosario. 1994 wurde sie Direktorin des Centro de Investigación en  Educación Musical am Collegium Musicum de Buenos Aires (CIEM).

Außerdem war sie u. a. zwischen 1994 und 2000 Direktorin der International  Society  of  Music  Education (ISME), ab 1994 Vizepräsidentin der Sociedad Argentina de  Educación  Musical (SADEM); Mitglied der Direktivkommission (1990–92) und Präsidentin (1994–2000) der Sociedad Internacional de Educación  Musical außerdem Mitglied der britischen Society for Research in Psychology of Music and Music  Education und des amerikanischen Council for Research in Music Education.

Frega nahm an zahlreichen internationalen Konferenzen und Seminaren zur Erforschung der Musikpädagogik teil und verfasste mehr als 40 Publikationen sowie zahlreiche Artikel und Beiträge zu der Thematik.

Auszeichnungen
Sie wurde u. a. mit dem Atril de Plata des argentinischen Schriftsteller- und Komponistenverbandes SADAIC (1990), als Ehrenmitglied des Consejo Argentino de Música (1991), beratendes Mitglied des Consejo Argentino de Relaciones  Internacionales (1994) und Chevalier des Ordre des Palmes Académiques (1995) ausgezeichnet. 1999 verlieh ihr das brasilianische Außenministerium die Medalla Villa-Lobos.

Schriften
 Cancionero para las escuelas de la provincia de Salta, 1963.
 Aplicación del método recreativo musical, 1965.
 Cancionero escolar, canciones graduadas por dificultades de 1ro. a 7mo. grado, para varones, 1970.
 Repertorio escolar para guitarra, material graduado, 1970.
 Cancionero didáctico para jardín de infantes, 1971, 1975, 1980.
 Haciendo música con los más chiquitos, 1971, 1975.
 Guía de música para escuchar, 1972.
 Planeamiento para la educación musical, 1972.
 Música y educación: objetivos y metodología, 1972, 1974, 1978.
 Evaluación de la enseñanza de la música, 1972.
 Música viva, colección musical, 1974, 1980.
 Haciendo música con los mayorcitos, 1975.
 Movimiento expresivo y rítmica corporal, 1975.
 Audioperceptiva, 1976.
 Planeamiento de la educación musical escolar y su evaluación, 1975, 1980.
 Educación musical I, II, III, 1977, 1980, 1983.
 Música para maestros, 1978, 1986.
 Educación y expresión artística, 1978.
 Educación musical IV, 1979.
 Los sonidos de la música, 1979.
 Cancionero de textos para alumnos de 4to. a 7mo. grado, 1979, 1983.
 Qué linda es la música, 1980.
 Los aportes de la escuela primaria a la formación integral del niño argentino, 1980.
 Creatividad musical: fundamentos y estrategias para su desarrollo, 1980.
 Cancionero escolar, canciones graduadas por dificultad de 1ro. a 7mo. grado, para niñas, 1980.
 Nuevo cancionero didáctico para jardín de infantes, 1983.
 Nuevo cancionero de textos para alumnos de 4to. a 7mo. grado, 1983.
 El niño y la televisión, 1983.
 Paseos musicales, 1983.
 Vida y gloria del Teatro Colón, 1983.
 Educación musical e investigación especializada, 1986.
 La música en el sistema educativo, 1987.
 Poemas gatunos, 1987.
 Guía teórico práctica de aprendizaje y evaluación de cultura musical I, 1988.
 Guía teórico práctica de aprendizaje y evaluación de cultura musical II, 1988.
 Animalitos del Señor, 1988.
 Guía teórico práctica de aprendizaje y evaluación III, 1990.
 Educación musical y computación, 1989.
 Pedagogía musical - Soluciones para el futuro (CIEM), 1990.
 Senderos, 1991.
 Mujeres de la música, 1994.
 Escuelas de música: aproximaciones  pedagógico - didácticas, 1995, 1996.
 Music Education in International Perspective, 1995.
 Música para maestros, 1996, 1998.
 Educación Musical en América Latina Homenaje al Profesor Rodolfo Zubrisky, 1996
 Metodología comparada de la Educación Musical, Dissertation, 1997.
 Simposio sobre la Formación del Músico Profesional en América Latina, 1998.
 All for Music, Music for All, 1998.
 La creatividad como transversalidad al proceso de educación musical, 1998.
 Sonido, Música y Ecoacústica, Dimensiones educativas del fenómeno sonoro. 2000.
 ¡Qué linda es la música! Guía para el aula y el hogar. 2003.
 Paseos Musicales. Guía para el aula y el hogar, 2003.
 Los sonidos de la Música. Guía para el aula y el hogar. 2003.

Quellen
 Compositores & Intérpretes - Ana Lucia Frega
 Música Clásica Argentina - Ana Lucía Frega

Musikpädagoge
Sachbuchautor
Träger des Ordre des Palmes Académiques (Ritter)
Argentinier
Geboren 1935
Frau

Ana Lucía Frega


«Virus» es una canción de la cantante islandesa Björk. Fue publicada el 9 de agosto de 2011 como el tercer sencillo del álbum Biophilia. Cada canción en el álbum destaca un tema relacionado con la naturaleza. En "Virus" Björk explora "relaciones fatales" tal como la relación entre un virus y una célula, así como Björk expresó en una entrevista "Es como una historia de amor entre una célula y un virus. Y claramente, el virus ama tanto a la célula, que la destruye."

Referencias

Sencillos de Björk
Sencillos de 2011

Virus (canción)


The Frontier March of Posen-West Prussia (; ) was a province of Prussia from 1922 to 1938. Posen-West Prussia was established in 1922 as a province of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, formed from merging three remaining non-contiguous territories of Posen and West Prussia, which had lost the majority of their territory to the Second Polish Republic and Free City of Danzig in the Treaty of Versailles. From 1934, Posen-West Prussia was de facto ruled by Brandenburg until it was dissolved by Nazi Germany, effective 1 October 1938 and its territory divided between the Prussian provinces of Pomerania, Brandenburg and Silesia. Schneidemühl (present-day Piła) was the provincial capital. Today, the province is entirely contained within the modern state of Poland.

Background

Until the late 18th century partitions of Poland, the lands which made up Posen-West Prussia had been part of the Greater Poland and East Pomeranian (Pomerelian) regions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and were administratively parts of the Poznań, Gniezno (Kalisz before 1768) and Pomeranian Voivodeships. Following the First Partition in 1772 the Kingdom of Prussia established the West Prussian province and the Netze District on annexed Pomerelian and Greater Polish (and Kuyavian) territories respectively. The South Prussian province was established following the Second Partition of 1793 and included the remainder of Greater Poland among other territories; the Third Partition in 1795 ended the existence of the Polish state entirely.

In 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars, South Prussia, the Kulmerland (part of West Prussia) and part of the Netze District, along with New Silesia and New East Prussia (excluding the area around Białystok which was ceded to Russia) were ceded to the Napoleonic client Duchy of Warsaw; Danzig was also detached from West Prussia as the Free City of Danzig. The parts of the Netze District which remained within the Kingdom of Prussia were incorporated into West Prussia. After the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Duchy of Warsaw was re-partitioned between the Grand Duchy of Posen under Prussia, the Kingdom of Poland under Russia and the Free City of Cracow (a joint protectorate of Austria, Prussia, and Russia); Danzig returned to West Prussia. The Grand Duchy of Posen was mostly made up of former parts of South Prussia and the Netze District, but also included the Kulmerland which had been part of West Prussia before 1807; the Kulmerland was restored to West Prussia in 1817.

In 1829 West Prussia and East Prussia were merged to form the Province of Prussia, but they were restored in 1878.

Both Posen and West Prussia lay beyond the borders of the German Confederation and Posen was, at least nominally, semi-autonomous. Their population was predominantly Catholic and Polish-speaking, while a sizable Protestant German minority settled mainly in the western parts. Posen lost its semi-autonomous status after the failed Greater Poland Uprising of 1848, becoming the Province of Posen. With Prussia, these provinces became part of the North German Confederation in 1867 and the unified German Empire in 1871. Ethnic tensions were exacerbated by the Germanisation policies of the Berlin government and the anti-Catholic  measures enacted by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

History

Upon the German defeat in World War I, another Greater Poland Uprising broke out in 1918, which aimed to incorporate the lands once annexed by Prussia into a re-established Polish state. The forces of the Polish Military Organisation were able to oust the German administration from the bulk of the Greater Polish lands, whereafter the Posen governor (Landeshauptmann) Ernst von Heyking was forced to retire to Meseritz (Międzyrzecz) and de facto only ruled over the far western, predominantly German settled districts at the border with the adjacent Prussian provinces of Pomerania, Brandenburg and Silesia.

The Polish advance was halted, after the German forces had re-organised in several Freikorps units and the demarcation line became the basis of the ruling by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, adjudicating the parts occupied by Polish forces uti possidetis to the Second Polish Republic. The governmental power of the German administration was confined to the smaller western parts of Posen and West Prussia, the Prussian state government was represented by the former Bromberg supervisor (Regierungspräsident) Friedrich von Bülow, who relocated his administrative seat to Schneidemühl. With the entry into force of the German Ostmark law on 1 July 1922, the province was created out of those smaller western parts of former Posen and West Prussia that remained with the Weimar Republic.

In view of the previous clashes of arms and the "lost" territories, the remaining German population from the beginning had a strong nationalistic attitude, with the national conservative German National People's Party (DNVP) emerging as the strongest political power in the provincial elections. Friedrich von Bülow, himself a member of the national liberal German People's Party, remained Oberpräsident until his retirement in 1933, whereafter he was succeeded by the Meseritz DNVP politician Hans von Meibom. After the DNVP dissolved in the course of the Nazi Gleichschaltung process, von Meibom was disempowered and replaced by the Nazi Oberpräsident of neighbouring Brandenburg, Wilhelm Kube. Kube, notorious for his corruption, ruled over both provinces until he was deposed after entering into a conflict with the Nazi jurist Walter Buch, father-in-law of mighty Martin Bormann. Posen-West Prussia was further on ruled with Brandenburg under Nazi Oberpräsident Emil Stürtz until it was dissolved in 1938, when its territory was divided between the adjacent provinces of Silesia, Pomerania and Brandenburg.

Subdivision

Despite the name, the city of Posen, Polish: Poznań, was no longer part of the province, as it had become the capital of the re-established Greater Polish Poznań Voivodeship of the Second Polish Republic. The capital of the Prussian Posen-Westpreußen province and seat of the  supervisor was Schneidemühl. The seat of the province's  elected by the  assembly remained at Meseritz.

Regierungsbezirk Schneidemühl
former Province of Posen:
Urban district ()
 Schneidemühl (formerly Bromberg Region)
Rural districts ()
 Bomst (formerly Posen Region), seat at Bomst (now Babimost)
 Fraustadt (formerly Posen Region), seat at Fraustadt (now Wschowa)
 Meseritz (formerly Posen Region), seat at Meseritz (now Międzyrzecz)
 Netzekreis (formerly parts of the Czarnikau, Filehne and Kolmar districts in Bromberg Region), seat at Schönlanke (now Trzcianka)
 Schwerin an der Warthe (formerly Posen Region), seat at Schwerin an der Warthe (now Skwierzyna)
former West Prussia:
Rural districts ()
 Deutsch Krone (formerly Marienwerder Region), seat at Deutsch Krone (now Wałcz)
 Flatow (formerly Marienwerder Region), seat at Flatow (now Złotów)
 Schlochau (formerly Marienwerder Region), seat at Schlochau (now Człuchów)

Administration

The office of an  (i.e. upper president) appointed by the Prussian state government had to carry out central prerogatives on the provincial level and to supervise the implementation of central policy on the lower levels of administration.

As to common interests and tasks to be fulfilled on the provincial level, such as schools, traffic installations, hospitals, cultural institutions, sanitary premises, jails etc., the urban and rural districts (Kreise) within each province (sometimes within each government region) formed a corporation with common assets to these ends, called  (provincial association, or – within government regions or smaller entities –  or , i.e. municipal or regional association). Since 1875 all provinces had this double identity, being based on central Prussian prerogatives from above, on the one hand, and being bottom-up corporations of province-wide or region-wide self-rule, on the other hand. Initially, the assemblies of the urban and rural districts elected representatives for the provincial diets (; or as to regional diets, the so-called ), which were thus indirectly elected.

After the end of the Prussian monarchy, the provincial or regional diets were all directly elected by the citizens of the provinces (or regions, respectively), with direct elections first held in 1921 and 1922. These parliaments legislated within the competences transferred to the provincial or regional associations. Before the formal establishment of the new Province, the rural and urban district assemblies elected representatives for the  Posen-West Prussia, legislating within the competences of the former Posen and West Prussia provincial associations and its premises within the territory of the future Posen-West Prussia. After the formal formation of the province, its parliament was called the provincial diet of Posen-West Prussia which elected a provincial executive body (government), the provincial committee (), and a head of province, the  ("Land Captain").

Oberpräsident
 1922–1933: Friedrich von Bülow, DVP
 1933–1934: Hans von Meibom, DNVP
 1934–1936: Wilhelm Kube, NSDAP (acting),  of Brandenburg
 1936–1938: Emil Stürtz, NSDAP,  of Brandenburg

Landeshauptmann
 1922–1933: Johannes Caspari, SPD
 1933–1938: Hermann Fiebing, NSDAP

Population
1910: 309,200 (in areas which later became parts of this province)
1919: 326,900
1925: 332,400
1933: 470,600

Polish minority
After the Treaty of Versailles came into force, some members of the local Polish minority emigrated to Poland. In 1925, 13,284 people declared themselves to be either Polish-speaking or bilingual German/Polish. This corresponded to a population share of 4.3%. The share of the vote of the Polish-Catholic People's Party was stable at around 3% in all state and Reichstag elections in the Weimar Republic. The settlement centers of the Polish minority were unevenly distributed. According to the census of 1925, the districts of Bomst (20.6%), Flatow (16.8%) and Meseritz (5.8%) had the highest proportions of Polish speakers (including bilinguals). A special achievement of the Polish minority was the establishment of a network of Polish private schools.

See also
Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Schneidemühl

References

Provinces of Prussia
Former administrative regions of Greater Poland
1922 establishments in Germany
1938 disestablishments in Germany
Former exclaves

Posen-West Prussia


මායාරංජන් යන අන්වර්ථ නාමයෙන් හඳුන්වන මහානාම රාජපක්ෂ මහතා ශ්‍රී ලාංකික ලේඛකයෙකි. වර්ෂ 1957 දී ප්‍රථම වරට මුද්‍රණය වූ 'දිගාමඬුල්ලේ ආශ්චර්යය' කෘතියෙන් වැව් ගම් පත්තුවේ භාෂාව පිළිබඳ එතුමා මැවූ ගැඹුරු වාග් විද්‍යා වියමන හේතුවෙන් මෙරට පළමු පුරෝගාමී වනවිත්තිකරුවා ලෙස මායාරංජන් ඉතිහාසගතවේ.

කෘති
 දිගාමඬුල්ලේ ආශ්චර්යය
 වන සංග්‍රාමය
 අපේ රාජ්‍යය
 පිටිසර මිනිස්සු
 ත්‍රෝජපුර සංග්‍රාමය

මූලාශ්‍ර

ලේඛකයෝ

මායාරංජන්


Fjallabrúða (fræðiheiti: Diapensia lapponica)  er dvergvaxinn sígrænn runni. Fjallabrúða er vex á norðurhveli jarðar, ekki þó vestast í N-Ameríku og A-Asíu. Á Íslandi vex hún eingöngu til fjalla á norðanverðu landinu.

Tilvísanir

Lyngætt
Plöntur á Íslandi

Fjallabrúða


William Alatalo (Ilmajoki, 19 de abril de 2002) é um automobilista fino-etíope.

Carreira

Campeonato de Fórmula Regional Europeia
Em 2021, Alatalo se transferiu para a equipe Arden Motorsport, fazendo parceria com Alex Quinn e Nicola Marinangeli no Campeonato de Fórmula Regional Europeia. Ele fez uma campanha consistente, com Alatalo terminando todas as corridas e ficando fora dos dez primeiros em apenas sete ocasiões. O melhor resultado do finlandês foi um terceiro lugar no Circuito Paul Ricard, com ele terminando a temporada na décima primeira colocação na classificação, duas posições atrás de Quinn.

Alatalo foi convocado para substituir Santiago Ramos no final da temporada em Mugello na equipe KIC Motorsport, um mês após Alatalo disputar a rodada final da temporada de Campeonato de Fórmula 3 da FIA de 2022.

Campeonato de Fórmula 3 da FIA
Em 2022, Alatalo foi contratado pela equipe Jenzer Motorsport para a disputa da 2022 do Campeonato de Fórmula 3 da FIA, tendo participado de vários dias de teste com a equipe suíça no inverno. Alatalo conquistou mais pontos que seus companheiros de equipe, Ido Cohen e Federico Malvestiti, marcando 24 pontos e terminando assim em 18º na classificação geral.

Vida pessoal
Alatalo vai estudou em Kuortaneen urheilulukio. Ele nasceu em Ilmajoki, na Finlândia, filho de mãe etíope e pai finlandês.

Ligações externas

Pilotos de automóvel da Finlândia
Pilotos do Campeonato de Fórmula Regional Europeia
Pilotos do Campeonato de Fórmula 3 da FIA

William Alatalo


Mercator ist ein Einschlagkrater im Südwesten der Mondvorderseite zwischen Mare Nubium und Palus Epidemiarum, unmittelbar südöstlich des Kraters Campanus und nördlich von Capuanus.
Der Kraterrand ist erodiert und das Innere eben.

Der Krater wurde 1935 von der IAU nach dem Kartografen und Mathematiker Gerhard Mercator offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Mercator auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)
Gerhard Mercator als Namensgeber

Mercator (Mondkrater)


El Edificio Girasol es un conjunto de viviendas ubicadas en Madrid diseñadas por el arquitecto español José Antonio Coderch. Se encuentra ubicado en la esquina de la calle Ortega y Gasset con Lagasca en el barrio de Salamanca. El edificio fue construido en el año 1966. El diseño capaz de aprovechar al máximo la luz diurna, al igual que los girasoles, le valió la denominación.

Características
Una de las características innovadoras de la época es el diseño de cada vivienda, que posee la existencia de ascensores de acceso privado. El diseño consideró el aprovechamiento de la luz diurna, es por esta razón por la que se denominó Edificio Girasol. Este aprovechamiento se realiza mediante un giro del eje de cada vivienda hacia el mediodía, calculándose este giro en función de las posiciones favorables y desfavorables del sol a lo largo del día y del año.

La fusión del racionalismo con el organicismo es una de las características de este edificio. El arquitecto José Antonio Coderch está buscando junto a los arquitectos del equipo Team 10 nuevos parámetros para mejorar las especificaciones del Estilo Internacional. En el edificio Girasol Coderch busca la luz con los quiebros de la fachada, orientando las ventanas hacia el sol de mediodía.

Este edificio representa en su conjunto, alzados, planta y secciones, los objetivos de innovación que Coderch incorpora a su arquitectura y que han servido de inspiración a la siguiente generación de arquitectos.

Véase también
 Casa de las Flores
José Antonio Coderch

Bibliografía

 Recordando a Coderch. Editorial Librooks

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Girasol
Girasol
Girasol
Obras de José Antonio Coderch
Arquitectura en la Comunidad de Madrid en el siglo XX
Arquitectura de España de 1966

Edificio Girasol


"Kill Bill" é uma canção da cantora estadunidense SZA, contida em seu segundo álbum de estúdio, SOS (2022). Foi composta pela própria intérprete com os produtores Carter Lang e Rob Bisel. O título da canção é uma referência a Kill Bill (2003–2004), uma duologia de filmes de artes marciais que se concentra em uma assassina chamada Noiva e sua busca para se vingar de seu ex-namorado por meio de assassinato. Espelhando o enredo dos filmes, a letra da canção fala sobre a fantasia de SZA de matar um ex-namorado e sua nova namorada por ciúme. "Kill Bill" é uma canção de R&B construída em torno de um ritmo médio, groove e uma melodia desafinada. Influenciada pelo subgênero boom bap do hip hop, é apoiada por guitarras, uma linha do baixo e uma flauta sampleada de um sintetizador Prophet-6. O seu lançamento como o quinto single do disco ocorreu em 10 de janeiro de 2023, quando foi enviada para rádios pop dos Estados Unidos, através da RCA Records.

Lançamento
De abril a maio de 2022, SZA disse à mídia que havia terminado o álbum recentemente no Havaí e disse que seria lançado em breve. Durante uma reportagem de capa da Billboard publicada em novembro, SZA revelou o título do álbum e a data de lançamento, que estava agendada para o próximo mês. Em 5 de dezembro de 2022, ela postou a lista de faixas do álbum no Twitter, e SOS foi lançado quatro dias depois. Das 23 canções, "Kill Bill" aparece como a segunda faixa; após seu sucesso nas plataformas de streaming, a RCA Records o escolheu como o próximo single do álbum nas rádios.

A RCA e a Top Dawg Entertainment enviaram a canção para as rádios pop, rhythmic e urban dos EUA em 10 de janeiro de 2023, como o quinto single de SOS. Originalmente, apenas "Nobody Gets Me" estava prevista para impactar as rádios pop em 10 de janeiro. No entanto, a RCA e vários programadores de rádio decidiram promover as duas canções simultaneamente, apesar das complexidades do planejamento de singles duplos, citando os grandes números de streaming que "Kill Bill" ganhou em dezembro e o apelo radiofônico da letra e produção. "Kill Bill" se tornou uma das canções mais adicionadas da semana em formatos pop e rhythmic, com 2.257 reproduções de 129 estações de rádio pop. Top Dawg e RCA a enviaram para estações de rádio de R&B três semanas depois.

Em 13 de janeiro de 2023, Top Dawg e RCA lançaram um pacote de quatro faixas da canção para download digital e plataformas de streaming. Além da versão original de "Kill Bill", o lançamento contém a versão sped up, uma versão instrumental e uma versão a cappella. Uma versão acústica da canção, com uma capa diferente, foi lançada em 24 de janeiro. A versão sped up capitaliza e é baseada em uma trend viral no TikTok, onde os usuários aumentavam o tom e o andamento de certas canções e as postavam no aplicativo. Um usuário compartilhou a versão sped up de "Kill Bill" após o lançamento do SOS, e foi visto mais de 21,7 milhões de vezes, curtido mais de 1,9 milhão de vezes e republicado em mais de 1,1 milhão de vídeos, aumentando os streams da canção.

Singles de 2023
Canções de 2022
Canções gravadas por SZA
Canções gravadas por Doja Cat
Singles lançados pela RCA Records
Canções sobre crime

Kill Bill (canção)


Džamija Solina je džamija u Solini - Novo Naselje.

Položaj
Nalazi se u katastarskoj općini Solina, nedaleko od rječice Soline.

Povijest
Sagrađena je 1998. godine na mjestu gdje prije nije bio vjerski objekt.

Opis
Dimenzija cijelog kompleksa džamije je 24,10 x 16,50 m. Prostor same džamije obuhvaća 10,40 x 10,40 m. Natkriva ju četverovodni krov, pokrov-lim. Kompleks džamije čine džamija, učionica, abdesthana, imamov ured i čajna kuhinja. Minaret je armirano-betonski i visine 18 m. Harem džamije formiran je zajedno s džamijom. Nema elemenata koji bi mogli biti predmetom zaštite.

Zaštita
Nije upisana u registar spomenika kulture. Bila je pokrenuta peticija da se zgrada proglasi nacionalnim spomenikom Bosne i Hercegovine. Prijedlog/peticiju Povjerenstvu podnio je Centar za islamsku arhitekturu Sarajevo. Povjerenstvo za očuvanje nacionalnih spomenika BiH na sjednici održanoj od 15. do 21. ožujka 2005. godine odbilo je prijedlog.

Izvori

Solina
Džamije u Bosni i Hercegovini

Džamija Solina


Köklüce, Tunceli ilinin Merkez ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köyün eski adı Kabun'dur. 1935 yılı nüfus sayımında Mazgirt kazasının Pah nahiyesine bağlı görülen yerleşim, 12 Kasım 1943 tarihinde bağlı olduğu Pah nahiyesi Kalan kazasına bağlanırken Mazgirt merkeze bağlı kamıştır. Köyün adı 1955 yılı sayımında da Kabun olarak görülürken 1960 yılı nüfus sayımından itibaren günümüzdeki adıyla kayıtlarda yer almaya başlamıştır. Uzun süre Mazgirt'e bağlı kalan yerleşim, 7 Kasım 2014 tarihindeki İçişleri Bakanlığı kararıyla Tunceli ilinin Merkez ilçesine bağlanmıştır.

Coğrafya
Tunceli il merkezine 37 km Mazgirt ilçesine 24 km'dir.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Tunceli merkez belde ve köyleri

Köklüce, Tunceli


Le Royal Navy Submarine Service (RNSS) est l'une des cinq composantes de combat de la Royal Navy. Il est parfois connu sous le nom de Silent Service (littéralement « service silencieux ») de par la nature discrète des sous-marins qu'elle gère.

À 2022, le RNSS exploite sept sous-marins nucléaires d'attaque (SSN) de classes Trafalgar et Astute, et quatre sous-marins nucléaires lanceur d'engins (SSBN) de classe Vanguard.

Fondé en 1901, son siège est depuis 1978 aux Northwood Headquarters dans le Hertfordshire. Il dispose d'un musée, le Royal Navy Submarine Museum.

Fondation en 1901
Unité de la Royal Navy

Royal Navy Submarine Service


الثَّوْب (أغلب مناطق جزيرة العرب) أو الدشداشة (بالكويت وعُمان والعراق والأهواز) أو الكندورة (بعض مناطق عُمان) أو القَمِيِص هو لباس الرجل العربي، وهو قماش يغلب أن يكون أبيض اللون مكون من قطعة واحدة كاملة تغطي جميع الجسم والذراعين، وتلبس عادة مع الشماغ والعقال. أو الجنبية في اليمن وجنوب السعودية وسلطنة عمان.

تاريخ
يشتهر استخدام وارتداء الثوب من قبل سكان الجزيرة العربية والعراق والشام وبعض المناطق من شمال أفريقيا. ويصنع عادة من القطن وفي المواسم الباردة يستخدم الصوف. واسم الثوب مأخوذ من التسمية العربية للقطعة من القماش. ويعد الثوب هو أحد العلامات المميزة لتراث الرجل العربي، وهو الصورة المستخدمة بكثرة للرجل العربي في السينما العالمية. وما زال سكان دول الخليج العربي متمسكين بلبس الثوب فهم يلبسونه في حياتهم اليومية وهو الزي الرسمي في المؤسسات الحكومية.

معرض صور

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

تاريخ ملابس آسيوية
ملابس
ملابس إسلامية للذكور
ملابس سعودية
ملابس شرق أوسطية
ملابس عربية

ثوب


La Estación Ferroviaria de Vila Meã, también conocida como Estación de Vila Meã, es una plataforma ferroviaria de la línea del Duero, que sirve a la localidad de Vila Meã, en el Distrito de Porto, en Portugal.

Características

Localización y accesos
Se encuentra en la localidad de Vila Meã, con acceso por la calle 5 de octubre.

Descripción física
En enero de 2011, la estación presentaba 2 vías de circulación, ambas con 350 metros de longitud; las dos plataformas tenían 135 y 205 metros de longitud, y una altura de 30 centímetros.

Servicios
Esta plataforma apenas es utilizada por servicios Regionales de la operadora Comboios de Portugal.

Véase también
 Línea del Duero
 Caminhos de Ferro Portugueses
 Red Ferroviaria Nacional
 Penafiel

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Vila Mea
Vila Mea
Amarante

Estación de Vila Meã


Sylvie Vartan (de fapt Sylvia Vartanian), () este o cântăreață franceză de etnie bulgară, tatăl bulgar de etnie armeană iar mama de etnie maghiară.

Biografie
Sylvie Vartan, născută în 15 august 1944 în Sofia, Bulgaria este o celebră cântăreață franceză de muzică rock și ye-ye și o amatoare în cinematografie. Tatăl ei Georges, de etnie armeană a fost numit atașat al ambasadorului Bulgariei în Franța, iar mama sa de etnie maghiară, Illona, și-a urmat soțul în Franța în decembrie 1952, alături de copiii săi, și a intuit talentul fiicei sale trimițând-o să urmeze cursurile de artă dramatică, cântec și dansuri "Twisting Schoolgirl" în jazz și "Rock and roll" sau "Victor Hugo High School".

Cântăreață celebră a anilor '60 a apărut alături de formația The Beatles pe scenă și de fostul ei soț Johnny Hallyday (Best Actor pentru interpretarea din filmul "Homme du train, L" / 2002) și mama a tânărului actor David Hallyday este în prezent căsătorită cu actorul Tony Scotti și bunică a două nepoate: actrița Ilona (n. 17 mai 1995) și  Emma (n. 13 septembrie 1997) și un nepot, Cameron (n. 2004) și este "Ambassador for Maternal and Child Health în the European Region". Superstarul muzicii internaționale a anilor '60 a fost în România în 2007, ca invitată de onoare a unei emisiuni celebre, a cântat hitt-urile anilor celebrității sale.

Discografie selectivă

Principale căntece

 1961 Panne d'essence (cu Frankie Jordan), Quand le film est triste
 1962 Le Loco-motion, Tous mes copains
 1963 Il revient, En écoutant la pluie, I'm watching, Si je chante
 1964 La plus belle pour aller danser, Il n'a rien retrouvé, L'homme en noir
 1965  Cette lettre-là, Quand tu es là
 1966 Il y a deux filles en moi, Mister John B., Par amour, par pitié
 1967 2'35 de bonheur (avec Carlos), Comme un garçon (avec Carlos aux sifflements)
 1968 Irrésistiblement, La Maritza, On a toutes besoin d'un homme, Baby Capone
 1969 Zum zum zum, Le roi David, Les hommes (qui n'ont plus rien à perdre), Ballade pour une fugue
 1970 Aime-moi, J'ai deux mains, j'ai deux pieds, une bouche et puis un nez, C'est bon de vous voir
 1971 Loup, Parle-moi de ta vie, Dilindam, Annabel
 1972 Caro Mozart, Mon père, Pour lui je reviens
 1973 J'ai un problème (duo avec Johnny Hallyday), La vie c'est du cinéma, L'amour au diapason, Toi le garçon
 1974 Je chante pour Swanee, Bye Bye Leroy Brown
 1975 La drôle de fin, Danse-la, chante-la, Pour que je t'aime de tout mon corps
 1976 Qu'est-ce qui fait pleurer les blondes ?, Le temps du swing, L'amour c'est comme les bateaux
 1977 Petit rainbow, Georges
 1978 Disco Queen, Solitude, Je chante encore l'amour
 1979 I don't want the night to end, Nicolas (Elmegyek de Péter Máté interpret, texte de Péter Máté)
 1980 Tape tape (reprise de Pata, Pata de Miriam Makeba)
 1981 L'amour c'est comme une cigarette (reprise de Morning Train de Sheena Easton), Orient-Express, Ça va mal, Aimer
 1982 La sortie de secours, Mañana (Magnana) tomorow
 1983 La première fois qu'on s'aimera (avec Michel Sardou), Danse ta vie, Lucie, Le dimanche, Encore
 1984 Des heures de désir, Hold-up au sentiment
 1985 Double Exposure, One shot lover
 1986 Rien à faire, Tu n'as rien compris
 1987 Femme sous influence
 1989 C'est fatal, Il pleut sur London
 1990 Quand tu es là
 1992 Qui tu es
 1995 Quelqu'un qui m'ressemble
 1996 Je n'aime encore que toi, Back to L.A., Quelqu'un m'attend
 1998 Sensible, Darina, Les Robes, Ma vérité
 2004 Ce n'est pas rien, La neige en été, Au rythme du cœur
 2007 Il est 5 heures, Paris s'éveille, J'attendrai
 2009 Je chante le blues, L'un part, l'autre reste, Toutes peines confondues
 2010 Je me détacherai, La prisonnière, Personne, Soleil Bleu (avec Julien Doré)
 2011 Je viens vers vous, On entre en scène
 2013 Cheveux au vent, I like it I love it

Filmografie
 1952 Sous le joug, regia Dako Dakovski, după romanul Sub jug de Ivan Vazov
 1962 Un clair de lune à Maubeuge regia Jean Chérasse
 1963 D'où viens-tu Johnny ? regia Noël Howard
 1964 Căutați idolul (Cherchez l'idole), regia Michel Boisrond
 1964 Patate regia Robert Thomas
 1967 Les Poneyttes regia Joël Le Moigné
 1972 Malpertuis regia Harry Kümel
 1972 Absences répétées regia Guy Gilles
 1994 L'Ange noir regia Jean-Claude Brisseau
 2014 Tu veux ou tu veux pas regia Tonie Marshall

Referințe

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1944
 Cântărețe franceze
Cântărețe din secolul al XX-lea
Cântărețe din secolul al XXI-lea
Oameni în viață

Sylvie Vartan


De Kiruza es el primer álbum oficial de la banda chilena De Kiruza, lanzado en 1988 de manera independiente.

En abril de 2008, la edición chilena de la revista Rolling Stone situó a este álbum en el lugar n.º 38 dentro de los 50 mejores discos chilenos de todos los tiempos.

Lista de canciones

Músicos

De Kiruza
 Pedro Foncea: Voz, Baterías y percusión
 Mario Rojas: Guitarra y coros
 José Luis Araya: Percusión, teclados y coros
 Gustavo Schmidt: Teclados y coros
 Andrés Cortes: Bajo y coros

Músicos Invitados
 Jimmy Fernández: Voces en "Algo esta pasando"
 Héctor "Parquímetro" Briceño: Trombón
 Rodrigo Miranda: Trompeta

Referencias

Álbumes debut de 1988
Álbumes de Chile de 1988
Álbumes en español
Álbumes de hip hop de Chile

De Kiruza (álbum)


L'Abbaye Saint Antoine de Ranvers (en italien, ) est une ancienne abbaye de Butière-Haute à l'ouest de Turin, à l'entrée du Val de Suse. Elle a été fondée en 1188 par Humbert III de Savoie.

Histoire

Œuvres
La Montée au calvaire (1430) est l'œuvre du fresquiste Giacomo Jaquerio, représentant du gothique international.

Notes et références

Abbaye au Piémont

Abbaye Saint Antoine de Ranvers


An Diheteropogon filifolius in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Clayton. An Diheteropogon filifolius in nahilalakip ha genus nga Diheteropogon, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Diheteropogon

Diheteropogon filifolius


GP Horsens er et endags cykelløb i Danmark, der blev afholdt første gang i 2015. Cykelløbet afholdes i og omkring Horsens og er en del af UCI Europe Tour i kategori 1.1.

Sejre

Referencer

GP Horsens


A categoria mais de 90 kg feminino foi um evento do Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilismo de 2017, disputado no Centro de Convenções Anaheim, em Anaheim, nos Estados Unidos, no dia 5 de dezembro de 2017.

Calendário
Horário local (UTC-8)

Medalhistas

Recordes
Antes desta competição, o recorde mundial da prova era o seguinte:

Resultado
Os resultados foram os seguintes.

Ligações externas

Site da Federação Internacional de Halterofilismo

Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilismo de 2017

Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilismo de 2017 - Mais de 90 kg feminino


Secret Agent of Terra este un roman science fiction din 1962 al scriitorului britanic John Brunner. Este prima carte a seriei Zarathustra Refugee Planets (Planetele exilaților de pe Zarathustra); celelalte cărți ale seriei sunt Castaways' World (1963) și The Repairmen of Cyclops (Depanatorii de pe Cyclops, 1965). Agentul secret al Pământului  a fost publicat pentru prima oară împreună cu The Rim of Space de A. Bertram Chandler în Ace Double F-133.

Brunner a refăcut ulterior povestea în romanul său din 1969, The Avengers of Carrig (Răzbunătorii din Carrig).

Prezentare

Răzbunătorii din Carrig: Au trecut multe sute de ani de la coborârea primelor două nave. Generațiile au trecut, noi așezări și ținuturi apărând pe suprafața planetei într-o societate care amintește de perioada medievală. Guvernul pământean monitorizează de pe orbită această lume, astfel încât să o protejeze de influența interstelară pentru ca ea să poată re-descoperi progresele științifice de una singură. Dar pe planetă se infiltrează periodic pirați care caută lumi înapoiate de pe care să recruteze sclavi pentru exploatarea materialului nuclear, folosind arme energetice necunoscute localnicilor și aducând la putere regimuri tiranice.

O tânără pe nume Maddalena primește misiunea de a coborî pe planetă ca spion, pentru a ajuta guvernul pământean să elimine influența nefastă. Înainte de aterizare, nava ei este doborâtă de pirați, fata găsindu-și adăpost într-un refugiu din nordul înghețat. Aici îl cunoaște pe Saikmar, campionul înfrânt și demoralizat al clanului care ar fi avut cele mai mari șanse să câștige un concurs local de vânătoare, dacă nu ar fi apărut pirații cu armele lor energetice. De la Sakimar, ea află secrete surprinzătoare legate de ființele vânate în cadrul concursului și pune bazele unei alianțe cu tânărul pentru a-i răsturna pe uzurpatori, orchestrând o revoltă populară.

Bibliografie

Referințe

Legături externe

Vezi și
 Victimele novei

Romane din 1962
Romane de John Brunner
Romane britanice
Romane științifico-fantastice
1962 în științifico-fantastic
Cărți Ace Books

Secret Agent of Terra


Nahija Al-Jawadiyah je nahija u okrugu Al-Malikiyah, u sirijskoj pokrajini Al-Hasakah. Po popisu iz 2004. (prije rata), nahija je imala 40.535 stanovnika. Administrativno sjedište je u naselju Al-Jawadiyah.

Izvori

Sirijske nahije
Pokrajina Al-Hasakah

Al-Jawadiyah (nahija)