Sterling Rufus Lyon  (January 30, 1927 – December 16, 2010) was a Canadian lawyer, cabinet minister, and the 17th premier of Manitoba from 1977 to 1981. His government introduced several fiscally-conservative measures, and was sometimes seen as a local version of the government of Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom. He also successfully fought for the inclusion of the notwithstanding clause in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Early life
Born in Windsor, Ontario, the son of David Rufus Lyon and Ella Mae Cuthbert, he moved with his family to Manitoba at a young age and grew up in Portage la Prairie.

Education and legal career
Lyon graduated from United College (now the University of Winnipeg) in 1948, and received an LL.B from the Manitoba Law School in 1953. For four years after completing his legal education, he worked as a Crown attorney. In 1953, he married Barbara Jean Mayers.

Political career
Lyon was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in 1958, in the south-central Winnipeg riding of Fort Garry, running as a Progressive Conservative. Lyon defeated incumbent Liberal-Progressive MLA L. Raymond Fennell, and was subsequently named as Attorney General in Dufferin Roblin's minority government.

Roblin's Tories won a majority in 1959, and Lyon was easily re-elected in his own riding. He continued to serve as Attorney General, and also served as Minister of Municipal Affairs (September 30, 1960 – October 25, 1961) and Minister of Public Utilities (October 31, 1961 – June 12, 1963).

On December 9, 1963, Lyon was shifted from the Attorney General's position to the Ministry of Mines and Natural Resources. He held this position until June 22, 1966, and briefly served as Public Utilities minister again in mid-1964. Lyon became Attorney General again after the 1966 election, and also served as Minister of Tourism and Recreation from 1968 to 1969. He was re-elected easily in 1962 or 1966. He served a total of nine years as Attorney General.

When Roblin moved to federal politics in 1967, Lyon was one of four candidates who sought to replace him. He was defeated by Walter Weir on the third ballot, and did not seek re-election in 1969. Although Weir and Lyon were both politically to the right of Roblin, they represented different constituencies in the party: Weir was a rural populist, Lyon a supporter of urban business development.

In February 1969, Lyon expressed skepticism about the wisdom of codifying common law rights in a written constitution.

Lyon ran for the House of Commons of Canada in 1974 for the federal Progressive Conservatives, narrowly losing the riding of Winnipeg South to Liberal incumbent James A. Richardson.

The following year, Lyon returned to provincial politics to challenge Sidney Spivak for the Progressive Conservative Party's leadership.  Spivak, a former cabinet colleague of Lyon's who had been elected party leader in 1971, was a Red Tory opposed by many of the more conservative figures within his caucus. The right wing of the party consolidated around Lyon's challenge, and he defeated Spivak by fifty-seven votes at a very divisive leadership convention in December 1975. Lyon returned to the legislature for the rural riding of Souris-Killarney in a 1976 by-election.

Premier of Manitoba

In 1977, Lyon transferred to the west Winnipeg seat of Charleswood. He led the Progressive Conservative Party to an upset victory over Edward Schreyer's New Democrats), picking up 12 seats for a total of 33. Lyon's government cut spending in several departments and reduced investment in several social programs sponsored by the NDP. In other respects, the Lyon government's commitment to "small government" was ambivalent—it was, for instance, highly supportive of large-scale energy-development projects. Roblin has argued that the Lyon government's right-wing reputation was undeserved, but few others have as yet agreed with this assessment.

Lyon was also an initial opponent of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's constitutional plans, and subsequently became a leading supporter of the notwithstanding clause provision. He also fought, unsuccessfully, to have property rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada.

Lyon's PCs lost government to the NDP, now led by Howard Pawley, in 1981, after only one term in office. The Tories lost 11 seats, almost as much as they had won four years earlier.

Post-premiership

Lyon acted as Leader of the Opposition for two years and fought Pawley's proposals to entrench the rights of Franco-Manitobans in the Constitution. In 1983, Lyon stepped down as Tory leader and was replaced by Gary Filmon. Lyon retired from politics when he did not run for re-election in the 1986 provincial election.

Post-political career
He was appointed to the Manitoba Court of Appeal in 1986. He served there until retiring in 2002. Sterling Lyon died on December 16, 2010, following a brief illness, at the age of 83.

Distinctions and awards
He was sworn into the Privy Council on April 17, 1982, by Governor General Edward Schreyer on the advice of Pierre Trudeau.

In 2004, Lyon was chosen as the University of Winnipeg's annual recipient of the "Distinguished Alumnus Award". In 2009, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada "for his contributions as a judge and long-time politician in Manitoba, where, as premier, he led the expansion of community-based health and social services, and modernized governmental financial procedures".

The Sterling Lyon Parkway in Winnipeg was completed and opened to traffic in November 2005. The route was added during the construction of the Kenaston Underpass. The Sterling Lyon Parkway, a new east–west road, has replaced a section of Wilkes Avenue near the underpass.

Legacy
Though his premiership was short, it's been argued that those years left an enduring legacy. An unsigned editorial in the Winnipeg Free Press argued:The other major pillar of Mr. Lyon's legacy – the inclusion of the notwithstanding clause in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms as a defence of the supremacy of elected parliaments over unelected courts – was controversial when he first supported it and remains so today. He feared that provincial and federal parliaments would themselves cede their power to the courts to avoid controversial issues, a fear that has proved well founded.

References

Call it meaningful, or call it mean, he believed in the right-wing rhetoric Obituary in The Globe and Mail, 26 January 2011

1927 births
2010 deaths
People from Portage la Prairie
Politicians from Windsor, Ontario
Politicians from Winnipeg
Premiers of Manitoba
Lawyers in Manitoba
Judges in Manitoba
Members of the Order of Manitoba
Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba MLAs
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidates for the Canadian House of Commons
Officers of the Order of Canada

Sterling Lyon


Sparekassen Sjælland-Fyn A/S er en dansk finansiel virksomhed der opstod i 2014 ved fusionen mellem Sparekassen Sjælland (fra 1825) og Sparekassen Fyn (fra 1849).
Til kunderne har Sparekassen Sjælland-Fyn efter fusionen brandet sig under de to separate navne. Ved børsnortering i 2015 har sparekassen brandet sig under et fælles navn: Sparekassen Sjælland-Fyn.

Banken er børsnoteret under aktiesymbolet SPKSJF.
Storaktionærer er Fonden for Sparekassen Sjælland og AP Pension Livsforsikringsaktieselskab.

Bankens hovedsæde ligger i Holbæk på Isefjords Alle. Banken har 49 filialer og 4 erhvervscentre fordelt på Sjælland og Fyn.

Henvisninger

Banker i Danmark
Virksomheder i Holbæk

Sparekassen Sjælland-Fyn


Huntingdonshire er et distrikt i Cambridgeshire, England, med et indbyggertal (pr. 2011) på 169.508..

Referencer

Historiske grevskaber i England
Distrikter i Østengland
Cambridgeshire

Huntingdonshire


La Carretera Estatal de Idaho 38, y abreviada SH 38 (en inglés: Idaho State Highway 38) es una carretera estatal estadounidense ubicada en el estado de Idaho. La carretera inicia en el este desde la North Holbrook Road / Stone Road en Holbrook hacia el oeste en la . La carretera tiene una longitud de 37,7 km (23.438 mi).

Mantenimiento
Al igual que las autopistas interestatales, y las rutas federales y el resto de carreteras estatales, la Carretera Estatal de Idaho 38 es administrada y mantenida por el Departamento de Transporte de Idaho por sus siglas en inglés ITD.

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Página oficial de ITD

 Lista de Autopistas por estado
 Lista de sitios web de carreteras para cada estado

Carreteras estatales de Idaho

Carretera Estatal de Idaho 38


Comet Grigg–Skjellerup (formally designated 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup) is a periodic comet. It was visited by the Giotto probe in July 1992. The spacecraft came as close as 200 km, but could not take pictures because some instruments were damaged from its encounter with Halley's Comet. The comet next comes to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 25 December 2023, but will be 1.8 AU from Earth and only 31 degrees from the Sun.

The comet was discovered in 1902 by John Grigg of New Zealand, and rediscovered in its next appearance in 1922 by John Francis Skjellerup, an Australian then living and working for about two decades in South Africa where he was a founder member of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa.

In 1987, it was belatedly discovered by Ľubor Kresák that the comet had been observed in 1808 as well, by Jean-Louis Pons.

The comet has often suffered the gravitational influence of Jupiter, which has altered its orbit considerably. For instance, its perihelion distance has changed from 0.77 AU in 1725 to 0.89 AU in 1922 to 0.99 AU in 1977 and to 1.12 AU in 1999.

In 1972 the comet was discovered to produce a meteor shower, the Pi Puppids, and its current orbit makes them peak around April 23, for observers in the southern hemisphere, best seen when the comet is near perihelion.

During the comet's 1982 approach it was detected using radar by the Arecibo Observatory.

Having its recent perihelion so close to Earth's orbit made it an easy target to reach for the Giotto mission (spacecraft) in 1992, whose primary mission was to Comet Halley. Giotto had a closest approach to Grigg–Skjellerup of 200 km, much closer than its approach to Comet Halley, but was unable to obtain images as its camera was destroyed during the Halley rendezvous in 1986.

The 2002 return (expected perihelion around October 8, 2002) was very unfavorable and no observations were reported.

The comet nucleus is estimated to be 2.6 kilometers in diameter.

The comet is a type locality for the mineral brownleeite.

Popular culture
 In Neal Stephenson's science fiction novel Seveneves, 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup serves as a potential source of water and rocket propellant for the "Cloud Ark" survivors, and is frequently referred to by the nickname "Greg's Skeleton" by way of homophonic transformation.

References

 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup Cometography

External links
 Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup – Seiichi Yoshida @ aerith.net
 ESA website about 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup
 Recovery of comet 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup (Remanzacco Observatory : December 26, 2012)

Periodic comets
0026
026P
Comets visited by spacecraft
Meteor shower progenitors
Geological type localities
Comets in 2013
Comets in 2018
20231225
19020723

26P/Grigg–Skjellerup


The Wolf's Lair (; ) served as Adolf Hitler's first Eastern Front military headquarters in World War II.

The headquarters was located in the Masurian woods, near the village of Görlitz in Ostpreußen (now Gierłoż), about 8 kilometres (5 miles) east of the small East Prussian town of Rastenburg (now Kętrzyn), in present-day Poland. The central complex and the Führer's bunker were surrounded by three security zones guarded by two Schutzstaffel (SS) units: the SS-Begleitkommando des Führers, and the  Reichssicherheitsdienst. The Wehrmachts armoured Führerbegleitbrigade was held in readiness nearby but, as a part of the Heer's elite Großdeutschland Division, was used to counter-attack Red Army break-throughs in Army Group Centre's front and rescue cut-off Heer, Luftwaffe Fallschirmjager and SS panzer troops.

The 20 July Plot, an assassination attempt against Hitler, took place at the Wolf's Lair on 20 July 1944.

Name
The name Wolfsschanze is derived from "Wolf", a self-adopted nickname of Hitler. He began using the nickname in the 1920s and it was often how he was addressed by those in his intimate circle. "Wolf" was used in several titles of Hitler's headquarters throughout occupied Europe, such as Wolfsschlucht I and II in Belgium and France, and Werwolf in Ukraine.

Although the standard translation in English is "Wolf's Lair," a Schanze in German denotes a sconce, redoubt or temporary fieldwork. The German cognate for the lair of a wolf is Höhle (hole) or Bau (building, structure).

History
As part of the preparations for the coming Operation Barbarossa, the decision was made in late 1940 to build a military headquarters for the Führer in Eastern Europe, similar in concept to the Felsennest in Western Europe. Like the Felsennest, the new headquarters had to be as close to the front as possible, but far enough to be safe from enemy forces.

Eventually, a top-secret site was chosen in the middle of the Masurian woods, in what was then East Prussia, far from roads and urban areas, and accessible only by a single railway and small airstrip. To maintain secrecy, locals were told that the construction works were for a new cement factory. The Organisation Todt completed construction of the entire  complex by 21 June 1941.

Hitler first arrived at the headquarters on 24 June 1941, two days after Barbarossa commenced. At its peak, over 2,000 people lived and worked at the Wolf's Lair, including food-tasters to sample Hitler's food before he ate it to guard him against being poisoned. Additional construction work began in mid-1944 to enlarge and reinforce many of the original buildings on the site on Hitler's orders, although the work was never completed because of the Red Army's rapid advance during the Baltic Offensive.

Hitler left the Wolf's Lair for the final time in November 1944 after having spent over 800 days there, the longest he had stayed at any place over the course of the war, during a -year period.

Layout
The buildings within the complex were camouflaged with bushes, grass, and artificial trees on the flat roofs; netting was also erected between buildings and the surrounding forest so that the installation looked like unbroken dense woodland from the air. The site consisted of three concentric security zones.

Sperrkreis 1 (Security Zone 1) was located at the heart of the Wolf's Lair, the perimeter was ringed by steel fencing and guarded by the SS Reichssicherheitsdienst (RSD). Within the compound, security was managed by Dienststelle I (command I) from the SS-Begleitkommando des Führers (FBK) which operated under the auspices of Obersturmbannführer Bruno Gesche. These were the only armed guards Hitler allowed to be near him. They never had to surrender their weapons and were never searched whereas the RSD were required to remain at positions some distance away from Hitler. The zone contained the Führer Bunker and ten other camouflaged bunkers built from  steel-reinforced concrete. These shelters protected members of Hitler's inner circle such as Martin Bormann, Hermann Göring, Wilhelm Keitel, and Alfred Jodl. Hitler's accommodation was on the northern side of the Führer Bunker so as to avoid direct sunlight. Both Hitler's and Keitel's bunkers had additional rooms where military conferences could be held.
Sperrkreis 2 (Security Zone 2) surrounded the inner zone. The area housed the quarters of several Reich Ministers such as Fritz Todt, Albert Speer, and Joachim von Ribbentrop. It also housed the quarters of the personnel who worked in the Wolf's Lair and the military barracks for the RSD.
Sperrkreis 3 (Security Zone 3) was the heavily fortified outer security area which surrounded the two inner zones. It was defended by land mines and the Führerbegleitbrigade (FBB), a special armoured security unit from Wehrmacht which manned guardhouses, watchtowers, and checkpoints.

A facility for Army headquarters was also located near the complex. The FBK and RSD had responsibility for Hitler's personal security within the site, while external protection of the complex was provided by the FBB, which had become a regiment by July 1944.  The FBB was equipped with tanks, anti-aircraft guns, and other heavy weapons. Any approaching aircraft could be detected up to  from the site. Additional troops were also stationed about  away.

Reinforcements

Hitler's secretary, Traudl Junge, recalled that Hitler repeatedly spoke in late 1943 or early 1944 of a possible bomber attack on the Wolfsschanze by the Western Allies. She quoted Hitler as saying, "They know exactly where we are, and sometime they're going to destroy everything here with carefully aimed bombs. I expect them to attack any day."

According to Speer, between 28 July 1941 and 20 March 1942, Hitler left Rastenburg only four times for a total of 57 days.  Afterwards, Hitler spent the next three months in Obersalzberg before returning to Rastenburg for the next nine months.

Hitler's entourage returned to the Wolfsschanze from an extended summer stay at the Berghof in July 1944. The previous small bunkers had been replaced by the Organisation Todt with "heavy, colossal structures" of reinforced concrete as defense against the feared air attack. According to Armaments Minister Albert Speer, "some 36,000,000 marks were spent for bunkers in Rastenburg [Wolf's Lair]."

Hitler's bunker had become the largest, "a positive fortress" containing "a maze of passages, rooms and halls." Junge wrote, "We had air-raid warnings every day" in the period between the 20 July assassination attempt and Hitler's final departure from the Wolfsschanze in November 1944, "but there was never more than a single aircraft circling over the forest, and no bombs were dropped. All the same, Hitler took the danger very seriously, and thought all these reconnaissance flights were in preparation for the big raid he was expecting."

No air attack ever came. It has never been revealed whether the Western Allies knew of the Wolfsschanzes location and importance.  The Soviet Union was unaware of both the location and the scale of the complex until the site was uncovered by its forces during their advance towards Berlin in early 1945.

Hitler's daily routine
Hitler would begin his day by taking a walk alone with his dog around 10 a.m. or so, after waking up, and at 10:30 a.m. he looked at the mail that had been delivered by air or courier train. A noon situation briefing would be convened, either in Keitel's or Jodl's bunker, and frequently ran for two hours. This was followed by lunch at 2 p.m. in the dining hall. Hitler invariably sat in the same seat between Jodl and Otto Dietrich, while Keitel, Martin Bormann, and Göring's adjutant General Karl Bodenschatz sat opposite him.

After lunch, Hitler dealt with non-military matters for the remainder of the afternoon. Coffee was served around 5 p.m., followed by a second military briefing by Jodl at 6 p.m. Dinner could also last as long as two hours, beginning at 7:30 p.m., after which films were shown in the cinema. Hitler then retired to his private quarters where he gave monologues to his entourage till late, usually going to sleep around 3 or 4 a.m. Occasionally, Hitler and his entourage listened to gramophone records of Beethoven symphonies, selections from Wagner or other operas, or German lieder.

Notable visitors

 Antonescu, Ion – marshal of Romania
 Boris III of Bulgaria – tsar of Bulgaria
 Bose, Subhas Chandra – National Leader from India
 Bozhilov, Dobri – prime minister of Bulgaria in '43–44
 Ciano, Galeazzo (minister of foreign affairs) – Italy
 Csatay von Csatai, Lajos (general, ministry of war) – Hungary
 Gailani, Rashid Ali al- (former prime minister) – Iraq
 Gariboldi, Italo (general) – Italy
 Graziani, Rodolfo (marshal) – Italy
 Horthy, Miklós (regent) – Hungary
 Jany, Gusztáv (general) – Hungary
 Kállay, Miklós (prime minister) – Hungary
 Koburg, Kiril (prince of Bulgaria and Preslav, tsar successor) – Bulgaria
 Kvaternik, Slavko (commander and minister of armed forces) – Croatia
 Laval, Pierre (prime minister of Vichy regime) – France
 Lukash, Konstantin (general, chief of Staff of the Bulgarian Army) – Bulgaria
 Luukkonen, Fanni (army colonel, leader of the voluntary auxiliary organisation for women) – Finland
 Mannerheim, Carl Gustaf (military leader and statesman) – Finland
 Finat y Escrivá de Romaní Mayalde, José (Conde de Mayalde, ambassador to Third Reich) – Spain
 Mihov, Nikola (general, minister of war) – Bulgaria
 Moscardó Ituarte, José (general) – Spain
 Mussolini, Benito (il Duce) – Italy
 Nedić, Milan – general and prime minister of Serbia
 Öhquist, Harald – lieutenant general of Finland
 Ōshima, Hiroshi (general, ambassador to Third Reich) – Japan
 Pavelić, Ante – Poglavnik ("Head") of Croatia
 Tiso, Jozef – Roman Catholic priest and President of Slovakia
 Toydemir, Cemil Cahit – (general) – Turkey

Assassination attempt

On Thursday, July 20, 1944, an attempt was made to kill Hitler at the Wolf's Lair. It was organized by a group of acting and retired army officers, as well as some civilians, who wanted to remove Hitler and establish a new democratic government in Germany that would negotiate a peaceful end to the war with the Allies before Germany's inevitable defeat, which had become apparent to both sides by then. However, the main challenge facing the conspirators was that Hitler's habit of last-minute changes to his schedule had led to the failure of attempts by others to kill him.

Eventually, the conspirators chose the Wolf's Lair as a viable location to target Hitler because it was the only place where they were sure they could get close enough to kill him. Staff officer Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg volunteered to carry a bomb hidden in a briefcase into one of the daily military briefings usually held in the bunkers, in the hope that the heavy reinforcements of the bunkers could be turned against the Führer through the shockwave of the blast reverberating off the heavily reinforced walls of the room and certainly killing him.

However, on the day of the planned assassination, the location of the meeting was unexpectedly changed to a light brick hut due to Hitler's complaints about the immense heat within the bunkers that day. This change in venue, along with other factors, such as Hitler unexpectedly calling the meeting earlier than anticipated, would contribute to the eventual failure of the plot. Despite this change in plans, Stauffenberg went ahead with carrying out the plot. He carried the briefcase containing the bomb into the conference hut, making a request to be placed close to Hitler on grounds that he had trouble hearing due to his injuries sustained while fighting in North Africa, which would ensure that the bomb would be close enough to Hitler to be effective.

The bomb exploded at precisely 12:42 p.m., with Stauffenberg having excused himself from the meeting a few minutes before. The interior of the building was devastated, four officers were injured and would later die of their wounds but Hitler was only slightly injured. This was due to the fact that one of the other officers present at the meeting had, for his own comfort, moved the briefcase from where it had been put by Stauffenberg close to Hitler and placed it against one of the legs of the solid oak table being used for the meeting. Consequently, the thick, heavy table absorbed most of the blast and this, along with the collapse of some of the hut's thin walls thus dissipating the shockwave, saved the Führer's life.

Even before the bomb detonated, Stauffenberg and his adjutant, Lieutenant Werner von Haeften, had already began their departure for Berlin where they planned to take control of the country alongside their fellow conspirators. Their escape involved passing through various security zones that controlled all access around the site. After a short delay at the RSD guard post just outside Sperrkreis 1, they were allowed to leave by vehicle. The two officers were then driven down the southern exit road towards the military airstrip near Rastenburg.

The alarm had been raised by the time they reached the guardhouse at the perimeter of Sperrkreis 2.  According to the official RSHA report, "at first, the guard refused passage until Stauffenberg persuaded him to contact the adjutant to the compound commander who then finally authorized clearance".  It was between here and the final checkpoint of Sperrkreis 3 that Haeften tossed another briefcase from the car containing an unused second bomb. The two men reached the outer limit of the security zones and were allowed to catch their plane back to army general headquarters in Berlin.

The attempted assassination was derived from Operation Valkyrie, a covert plan officially sanctioned by Hitler for the Reserve Army to take control and suppress any revolt in the country in the event of his untimely death, which the conspirators adapted to suit their purpose. Unfortunately for the conspirators, news soon arrived from the Wolf's Lair that Hitler was still alive. Upon hearing from Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels that Hitler was indeed alive, as well as speaking to the Führer himself, Major Otto Ernst Remer, in command of the Reserve Army's troops in Berlin still loyal to the regime, was fully convinced of Hitler's survival and he quickly re-established control of key government buildings and arrested the conspirators.

That same evening, Stauffenberg and his co-conspirators were summarily executed by gunshot outside the Bendlerblock in Berlin.

On 20 August 1944, Hitler personally presented survivors of the bomb blast with a "20 July 1944 Wound Badge". Next-of-kin of those killed in the blast were also given this award.

Destruction and capture

The Red Army reached the borders of East Prussia during the Baltic offensive in October 1944. Hitler departed from the Wolf's Lair for the final time on Monday, 20 November 1944, when the Soviet advance reached Angerburg (now Węgorzewo),  away. Two days later, the order was given to destroy the complex.

The demolition took place on the night of 24–25 January 1945, ten days after the start of the Red Army's Vistula–Oder offensive. Tons of explosives were used; one bunker required an estimated  of TNT. Most of the buildings were only partially destroyed due to their immense size and reinforced structures.

The Red Army captured the abandoned remains of the Wolfsschanze on 27 January without firing a shot, the same day that Auschwitz was liberated farther south.

Historical site
Following the war, more than 54,000 land mines were removed from the area, together with abandoned ordnance, and the entire site was left to decay by Poland's Communist government. Since the fall of Communism in the early 1990s, the Wolf's Lair has been developed as a tourist attraction.  Visitors can make day trips from Warsaw or Gdańsk.  Hotels and restaurants have grown up near the site.  Plans have periodically been proposed to restore the area, including the installation of historical exhibits.

As of 2019, the site was drawing almost 300,000 visitors a year. The Srokowo Forest District, which manages the site, announced renovation and restoration plans for the historic site, including new accommodation options, expanded historical exhibitions, and other upgrades to improve visitor experience. Critics worried that the planned changes could turn the site into a place for neo-Nazi pilgrimages, although the District's spokesperson said that they would "make every effort" to maintain "due seriousness and respect for historical truth". Pawel Machcewicz, a Polish historian who specializes in World War II, said, "[T]he scars left by the war should be preserved and presented as a lesson, a warning... Exhibitions should explain the history, contextualise the place, but not completely overshadow it."

In February 2023, the Srokowo Forest District officials announced that the renovation of the "Wilczy Szaniec" site had begun and is slated to be completed by the end of 2024. The project will include expanding and renovating the hotel and restaurant building, adding a new conference room, redesigning the exhibition space, as well as constructing a new observation deck.

See also
 Führer Headquarters
 Führerbunker

References

Bibliography
 Junge, Traudl, "Bis Zur Letzten Stunde: Hitlers Sekretärin erzählt ihr Leben", München: Claassen, 2002, pp. 131, 141, 162.
 Junge, Traudl, "Until the Final Hour: Hitler's Last Secretary", London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003, pp. 116, 126, 145.
 Junge, Traudl, "Voices from the Bunker", New York: G.P.Puttnam's sons, 1989.

 Speer, Albert, "Inside the Third Reich", New York and Toronto: Macmillan, 1970, p. 217.

External links

 Wolf's Lair website
 Remnants of Wolf's Lair and how to find it...

Buildings and structures in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
East Prussia
Führer Headquarters
Kętrzyn County
World War II sites in Poland
World War II sites of Nazi Germany

Wolf's Lair


A Casa Cordovil situa-se no Largo das Portas de Moura na freguesia da Sé e São Pedro em Évora.

Esta casa foi construida no século XVI. Em 1990, parte do edifício foi adquirido pela Universidade de Évora.

Destacam-se a varanda e galeria de arquitectura manuelina.

Sé e São Pedro
Residências do distrito de Évora

Casa Cordovil


Moisés rompiendo las Tablas de la Ley es una pintura al óleo sobre lienzo realizada en 1659 por Rembrandt.

La obra está firmada y fechada "REMBRANDT F. 1659." y se representa a Moisés con las tablas de la ley por encima de su cabeza, con los mandamientos escritos en hebreo (el artista fue ayudado seguramente por amigos judíos).

Después de recibir los Diez Mandamientos, Moisés bajó del Monte Sinaí y se encontró al pueblo de Israel adorando un becerro de oro, por lo que el profeta arrojó las tablas enojado con ellos (aunque Rembrandt más bien pinta a Moisés con cara de pena o resignación que de ira). El relato se describe en el pasaje bíblico de Éxodo.

Véase también
 Anexo:Obras de Rembrandt

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos

Pinturas representando a Moisés
Cuadros de 1659
Colecciones de la Gemäldegalerie de Berlín

Moisés rompiendo las Tablas de la Ley


UO may stand for:

Arts and entertainment
 Call of Duty: United Offensive, an expansion pack for the popular first-person shooter computer game, Call of Duty
 Ultima Online, a graphical massively multiplayer online role-playing game
 Underoath, an American Christian metalcore band from Tampa, Florida
 Urge Overkill, an alternative rock band, formed in Chicago, United States

Businesses and organizations

Businesses
 Universal Orlando, a theme park resort in Orlando, Florida
 Urban Outfitters, a publicly traded American company
 Hong Kong Express Airways (IATA code: UO), an airline based in Hong Kong

Universities
 University of Okara, a public, coeducational university in Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
 University of Oregon, a public, coeducational research university in Eugene, Oregon, USA
 University of Osnabrück, public, coeducational university in Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, Germany
 University of Otago, a public, coeducational university in Dunedin, New Zealand
 University of Oradea, a public, coeducational university in Oradea, Romania
 University of Ottawa, a public, coeducational university in Canada
 University of Oxford, a public, coeducational university in United Kingdom

Other organizations
 Orthodox Union, a kosher certification service which places a "U inside O" logo on food packaging

Other uses
 Unexploded ordnance, explosive weapons that did not explode when they were employed
 Urate oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate

See also
 U of O (disambiguation)

UO


Cambio Dolor, Natalia Oreiro'nun "Natalia Oreiro" albümünün 5. şarkısı. Ayrıca 1999 yapımı Facundo Arana'yla başrolü paylaştıkları "Vahşi Güzel" dizisinin de tema şarkısıdır.

Dış bağlantılar

Pop şarkıları
Natalia Oreiro şarkıları
1999 şarkıları

Cambio dolor


An Setaria finita in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Georg Oskar Edmund Launert. An Setaria finita in nahilalakip ha genus nga Setaria, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Setaria

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Kolera Günlerinde Aşk (Özgün adı : El amor en los tiempos del cólera), Nobel Edebiyat Ödüllü yazarGabriel García Márquez'in bir romanıdır.

19. yüzyılın sonları ile 20. yüzyılın başları arasında Fermina Daza, Florentino Ariza ve Doktor Juvenal Urbino üçgeninde gelişen canlı bir karşılıksız aşkı konu alan roman, acı çekmenin yüce bir davranış olduğu fikrini yoğun bir şekilde işler. Florentino Ariza, bir ömür boyu sevdiği Fermina Daza'ya kavuşabilmek için tam 53 yıl 7 ay 11 gün bekler.

Sinema uyarlaması
2007 yılında İngiliz yönetmen Mike Newell romanı sinemaya da aktarmıştı. Başrolünü Javier Bardem'in oynadığı ABD yapımı bu film, romanlarının özgün dili olan İspanyolca dışında bir dilde sinemaya aktarılmasını istemeyen Gabriel García Márquez'in Hollywood'da yapılmış ilk roman uyarlaması olma özelliğini taşımaktadır.

Gabriel García Márquez romanları
1985 romanları
Sinemaya uyarlanmış romanlar
İspanyolca romanlar
Konusu Kolombiya'da geçen romanlar

Kolera Günlerinde Aşk


Das Welfenmausoleum in Hannover ist eine denkmalgeschützte Grablege zahlreicher Persönlichkeiten aus dem Adelsgeschlecht der Welfen. Standort des Mausoleums ist der Berggarten im Stadtteil Herrenhausen.

Geschichte
Unmittelbar nach dem Tod von Königin Friederike von Hannover am 29. Juni 1841 gab ihr Gemahl König Ernst August an seinen Oberhofbaurat Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves am 1. Juli des Jahrs den Auftrag, Pläne für ein Mausoleum zu entwerfen und einen Vorschlag zum Ort seiner Errichtung vorzuschlagen. Dem König selbst erschien ein Platz im Großen Garten, "hinter der Orangerie", am geeignetsten.

Nur gut sechs Wochen später legte Laves dem König zwei Konzepte vor, darunter "eine Art von Tempelchen [... im] ägyptischen Baustil". Für seine Aufstellung schlägt er anstelle des Großen Gartens den Ankauf einiger Morgen Land vor am Ende der schönen "Lindenallee gerade der vorderen Facade des Herrenhäuser Schlosses gegenüber", wo sich das Mausoleum durch Anpflanzung verstecken ließe oder auch als Point-de-vue vom Schloss aus gelten könnte.

Trotz der Eile, zu der der König Laves und den ausführenden Architekten Hofbauinspektor Georg Schuster stets drängte, kam es durch Verzögerungen erst ab Mai 1842 zum Baubeginn eines dritten, "dorischen" Entwurfes an der vorgeschlagenen Stelle. Rund um den gefundenen Standort war nun der Hofgarteninspektor Heinrich Ludolph Wendland für die Außenanlagen zuständig; noch während der Bauarbeiten für das Mausoleum entstand so die endgültige Ausdehnung des Berggartens auf hinzugekauftem Gelände.

Inzwischen war es gelungen, Christian Daniel Rauch, der in Charlottenburg zuvor das Grabmal für die königliche Schwester Luise geschaffen hatte, auch als Bildhauer für das Grabmal von Königin Friederike zu gewinnen. Der dritte, "dorische" Entwurf von Laves orientierte sich daher offenbar an der in Charlottenburg durch den Architekten Karl Friedrich Schinkel gefundenen Lösung mit dem Mausoleum im Schlosspark Charlottenburg, wie Zeichnungen im Nachlass von Laves nahelegen.

Insgesamt war Laves von 1842 bis 1847 mit dem Bau des Welfenmausoleums beschäftigt.

Baubeschreibung

Nachdem auch König Ernst August I. gestorben war und sein Grabmal ebenfalls im Welfenmausoleum aufgestellt war, gab der Architekt Georg Schuster 1855 folgende Baubeschreibung ab:

Anders als die in Charlottenburg 1828 erfolgte Erneuerung in "vaterländischem" Granit wurde die Außenhülle des Welfenmausoleums in Sandstein ausgeführt. Dagegen bestehen

Ursprünglich sollten das Tonnengewölbe und die Kuppel in Backstein gewölbt werden; wegen der vom König befohlenen "ganz außergewöhnlichen Eile" griff man jedoch auf Holz zurück und verkleidete in weißem Stuckmarmor.

Der Eichenhain
Rund um das Welfenmausoleum wurde ein U-förmiger Hain aus Stieleichen angelegt, die aus dem 18. Jahrhundert stammen.

Schon während der Bauarbeiten für das Mausoleum hatte der König seinen Hofgarteninspector Heinrich Ludolph Wendland ab 1843 mit der Ausgestaltung des hinzugewonnenen Gartenareals beauftragt. Als Umrahmung der Grabstätte mit Stieleichen ist die Weisung des Königs überliefert: "Pflanzen Sie die Bäume aber so groß wie möglich, und nehmen Sie die Bäume, wo Sie welche finden". So gelang Schuster die aufsehenerregende Verpflanzung von 36 Eichen, die bereits 60 Jahre alt waren, ohne größeren Schaden für die Bäume: Nachdem schon im Winter zuvor die Wurzelballen der Bäume im nördlich gelegenen Cananohe umstochen worden waren, kamen 1844/45 die Stieleichen auf eigens dafür konstruierten Wagen und mit der Zugkraft von 16 Pferden an ihren Bestimmungsort. Zuvor waren auf der Fahrtroute andere Bäume gestutzt und Brücken verstärkt worden, "um die kostbare Fracht" unbeschadet ans Ziel zu bringen. Nicht zuletzt für diese erfolgreichen Aktionen, die sich bis 1846 hinzogen, erhielt Wendland besondere Anerkennung, unter anderem von dem in solchen Fragen erfahrenen Fürst Pückler.

Im Frühjahr blühen unter den mächtigen Baumkronen der nun mehr als 200 Jahre alten Stieleichen Frühblüher wie der Schneestolz Chionodoxa luciliae und Zwerg-Narzissen (narcissus nanus).

Ruhestätte der Familie
Unten in der Gruft des Welfenmausoleums wurden die Särge des Königspaares untergebracht, ihre Sarkophage jedoch oben in der Grabkapelle:
 Den Sarkophag für die 1841 verstorbene Königin Friederike schuf der Bildhauer Christian Daniel Rauch in dreijähriger Arbeit von 1844 bis 1847.
 Nachdem König Ernst August am 18. November 1851 gestorben war, wurde er zunächst im Leineschloss aufgebahrt, bevor er am 25. des Monats in das Mausoleum überführt wurde. In großer Zahl nahmen die Einwohner der Stadt Abschied von dem Verstorbenen: "Sie hatten dem greisen Monarchen in seinen letzten Lebensjahren Respekt und Verehrung entgegengebracht und vor allem seine Kompromissbereitschaft während der kritischen Tage der Märzrevolution zu würdigen gewußt". Der Sarkophag des Königs stammt ebenfalls aus der Werkstatt von Rauch und wurde 1852 bis 1855 von seinen Schülern Albert Wolff und dem Hannoveraner Heinrich Hesemann geschaffen, die zwischen 1856 und 1861 in ähnlicher Kooperation auch das Ernst-August-Denkmal vor dem Hauptbahnhof schufen.

Nach dem Tod des letzten regierenden Monarchen aus dem Hause der Welfen, Ernst August von Hannover (III.), Herzog von Braunschweig, Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg, Prinz von Hannover, wurde am 6. Februar 1953 eine Trauerfeier für den Verstorbenen in der Marktkirche gehalten, der Leichnam zum Berggarten überführt und vor dem Mausoleum begraben.

Im Zweiten Weltkrieg war das Leineschloss, in dem die Nationalsozialisten unter anderem das Flugwachkommando der Wehrmacht und Dienststellen der Luftwaffe untergebracht hatten, während der Luftangriffe auf Hannover am 27. Juli 1943 bis auf den Kammerflügel zerstört worden. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg waren die verbliebenen Schlossmauern für den Bau des Niedersächsischen Landtages vorgesehen, und so wurden am 5. Dezember 1957 aus der Fürstengruft der Schlossruine insgesamt 11 weitere Sarkophage und Grabsteine in das Welfenmausoleum überführt, darunter
 Bruno (1303–1306), Sohn von Albrecht II. Herzog zu Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel-Göttingen,
 Johann Friedrich (1625–1679), Herzog zu Braunschweig-Lüneburg,
 Anna Sophie (1670–1672), Prinzessin von Braunschweig-Lüneburg; die älteste Tochter von Herzog Johann Friedrich starb noch im Kleinkindalter
 Kurfürst Ernst August (1629–1698), Kurfürstentum Braunschweig-Lüneburg,
 Kurfürstin Sophie von Hannover, Prinzessin von der Pfalz (1630–1714),

 Kurfürst Georg I. (1660–1727), König von Großbritannien und Irland.

 Ernst August (1674–1728), Fürstbischof von Osnabrück, Duke of York and Albany, jüngster Bruder von König Georg I.
 Charlotte (1819–1819), Princessin von Clarence, Tochter der Herzogs Wilhelm von Clarence, der später als Wilhelm IV. König des Vereinigten Königreichs von Großbritannien und Irland und König von Hannover war
 Marie Friederike zu Solms-Braunfels (1833–1845); die Enkelin von Königin Friederike von Hannover starb noch im Kindesalter

Am 11. Dezember 1980 wurde schließlich die im Alter von 88 Jahren verstorbene Viktoria Luise von Preußen, einzige Tochter von Kaiserin Auguste Viktoria und Kaiser Wilhelm II., ebenfalls vor dem Welfenmausoleum beigesetzt an der Seite ihres Ehemannes.

Medienecho (Auswahl)
 Tobias Kleinschmidt: Gedenkstunde / Einblicke ins schönste Mausoleum Hannovers ..., in: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung vom 21. September 2014

Siehe auch
 Fürstengruft (Celle)

Literatur
 Georg Heinrich Schuster: Das Mausoleum zu Herrenhausen von Oberhofbaudirektor Laves. In: Zeitschrift des Architekten- und Ingenieur-Vereins zu Hannover, Nummer 19, 1873, Sp. 33ff.
 Jürgen Brinks: Die ägyptisierenden Nachzeichnungen und Entwürfe des klassizistischen Architekten Georg Friedrich Laves. In: Niederdeutsche Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 12, 1973, S. 109ff. Abb. 43–50.
 Gerd Weiß: Berggarten In: Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Baudenkmale in Niedersachsen, Stadt Hannover, Teil 1, [Bd.] 10.1, hrsg. von Hans-Herbert Möller, CW Niemeyer Buchverlage, Hameln 1983, ISBN 3-528-06203-7, S. 207, sowie Anlage Herrenhausen. In: Verzeichnis der Baudenkmale gem. § 4 (NDSchG) (ausgenommen Baudenkmale der archäologischen Denkmalpflege), Stand: 1. Juli 1985, Stadt Hannover, Niedersächsisches Landesverwaltungsamt – Institut für Denkmalpflege, S. 15f.
 Dieter Lange: Das Mausoleum im Berggarten. In: Günther Kokkelink, Harold Hammer-Schenk (Hrsg.): Laves und Hannover. Niedersächsische Architektur im neunzehnten Jahrhundert (revidierte Neuauflage der Publikation Vom Schloss zum Bahnhof...), Ed. Libri Artis Schäfer, 1989, ISBN 3-88746-236-X, S. 186–188.
 Urs Boeck: Das Mausoleum. In: Marieanne von König (Hrsg.): Die Königlichen Gärten in Hannover. Göttingen 2006, ISBN 978-3-8353-0053-8 und ISBN 3-8353-0053-9, S. 207–210.
 Helmut Knocke, Hugo Thielen: Mausoleum. In: Dirk Böttcher, Klaus Mlynek (Hrsg.): Hannover. Kunst- und Kulturlexikon. Handbuch und Stadtführer. 4., aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage. Neuausgabe. zu Klampen, Springe 2007, ISBN 978-3-934920-53-8, S. 92.
 Helmut Knocke: Mausoleum. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Hrsg.) u. a.: Stadtlexikon Hannover. Von den Anfängen bis in die Gegenwart. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9, S. 433.

Weblinks

 Welfenmausoleum im Denkmalatlas Niedersachsen

Einzelnachweise

Mausoleum in Niedersachsen
Baudenkmal in Hannover
Klassizistisches Bauwerk in Hannover
Erbaut in den 1840er Jahren
Herrenhausen
Haus Welf-Este
Herrenhäuser Gärten
Grabmal in Hannover
Bauwerk des Hauses Hannover

Welfenmausoleum


Uma perseguição de carro é a perseguição terrestre veicular de uma parte por outra, envolvendo pelo menos um automóvel ou outro veículo motorizadocomumente perseguição de suspeitos por agentes da lei. A ascensão da indústria automotiva no século 20 aumentou a propriedade de carros, levando a um número crescente de criminosos tentando fugir da polícia em seu próprio veículo ou em um carro roubado. As perseguições podem envolver outras partes (incluindo criminosos) na perseguição de um suspeito ou vítima, ou simplesmente na tentativa de fazer contato com uma pessoa em movimento por motivos não conflitantes.

As perseguições de carros são frequentemente capturadas em noticiários devido às imagens de vídeo gravadas por carros de polícia, policiais e helicópteros da mídia participando da perseguição. As perseguições de carros também são um assunto popular entre a mídia e o público devido à intensidade, ao drama e ao perigo inato de dirigir em alta velocidadee, portanto, são conteúdos comuns na ficção, particularmente nos dramas de ação.

Aplicação da lei

História

As perseguições de carro ocorrem quando um suspeito tenta usar um veículo para escapar da aplicação da lei, tentando detê-lo ou prendê-lo. A suposta ofensa cometida pode variar de contravenções, como infrações de trânsito, a crimes tão graves como assassinato. Quando os suspeitos percebem que foram localizados pelas autoridades policiais, eles tentam perder o perseguidor dirigindo para longe, geralmente em alta velocidade. Geralmente, os suspeitos que a polícia observa praticando crimes para os quais é provável que sejam condenados por longos períodos de prisão, têm mais probabilidade de iniciar perseguições de automóveis. Em 2002, mais de 700 perseguições foram registradas na cidade de Los Angeles, a cidade é conhecida por ser líder em perseguições, dentro e fora dos Estados Unidos.

Um rede televisiva de Los Angeles relatou uma aumento de audiência sempre que perseguições da polícia vão ao ar. Os policiais pediram à mídia para reduzir a cobertura das perseguições, alegando que encorajam os suspeitos a fugir e incitam os curiosos a possivelmente atrapalhar a perseguição, enquanto a mídia responde que a cobertura das perseguições fornece um serviço público e um meio de dificultar a brutalidade policial.

A polícia usa uma série de técnicas para encerrar as perseguições, desde negociar com o motorista, esperar que o combustível do veículo acabe ou torcer para que o veículo do motorista fique de alguma forma desativado até métodos mais enérgicos, como atingir o veículo com viaturas policiais, bater o veículo, realizar um PIT, atirar nos pneus ou o uso de tiras de espigão (spike strip). Quando disponível, um helicóptero pode ser empregado, em alguns casos, podendo seguir o veículo enquanto unidades terrestres podem ou não estar envolvidas. Em 2009 um sistema de rastreamento da StarChase foi usado pelo Departamento de Segurança Pública do Arizona.

Entre 2009 e 2018, 16 policiais foram mortos enquanto faziam uso de tira de espigão (spike strip ou stop sticks), um debate sobre o alto número de mortes fez diversos departamentos reduzir ou eliminar o emprego do equipamento em perseguições.

A primeira perseguição policial registrada em vídeo ocorreu em 1988 em Berea, Ohio.

Em fevereiro de 2005 manifestações foram feitas em Sydney, Austrália, depois que um motorista local bateu um veículo roubado em uma árvore, matando seus dois passageiros após uma perseguição policial em alta velocidade. A morte de uma estudante universitária após uma perseguição em Camberra gerou grandes recriminações sobre as políticas de perseguição policial. Ole Bach foi encontrado morto na Suécia em um suposto suicídio após ter sido seguido em uma perseguição de carro pela polícia secreta sueca, Bach operava fraude financeira e esquema de pirâmide.

Um programa televisivo combinou o gênero de perseguição de carro em uma série de programas de televisão com imagens reais, feitas principalmente de carros de polícia e aplicação da lei ou helicópteros de mídia de suspeitos que fugiam da polícia. Um dos programas mais antigos ainda em produção é COPS, estreado em 1989.

Uma perseguição policial notável ocorreu quando um tanque M60 Patton foi roubado por Shawn Nelson de um arsenal da Guarda Nacional do Exército dos Estados Unidos, em 17 de maio de 1995. Nelson fez um alvoroço em San Diego, Califórnia, com o enorme tanque destruindo vários veículos civis antes de ficar preso numa divisória de pista. A polícia conseguiu entrar no tanque, matando o suspeito quando ele não se rendeu.

Em junho de 2004, o soldador Marvin Heemeyer destruiu 13 edifícios com uma escavadeira modificada, incluindo a Prefeitura de Granby, Colorado, a biblioteca pública, um banco, uma usina de concreto e uma residência pública, resultando em mais de US$7 milhões em dano. Heemeyer cometeu suicídio quando o motor do equipamento falhou.

Em julho de 2007, dois helicópteros colidiram no ar em Steele Indian School Park enquanto cobriam uma perseguição policial, em Phoenix, Arizona. Quatro pessoas morreram, ninguém foi ferido em solo.

Em setembro de 2012, a Fox News transmitiu uma perseguição policial ao vivo no Arizona, que terminou com o suspeito saindo do veículo e atirando em si mesmo após uma curta perseguição. O canal estava transmitindo com um atraso de cinco segundos em vez do atraso normal de dez segundos, o que resultou no tiroteio sendo transmitido ao vivo. O âncora se desculpou pela transmissão e jurou nunca mais deixar isso acontecer.

Riscos e considerações legais

Perseguições em alta velocidade são reconhecidas como um problema de segurança no trânsito, pois veículos não envolvidos na perseguição, pedestres ou objetos podem ser atingidos pelo motorista evasivo, que na maioria das vezes viola uma série de leis de trânsito, muitas vezes repetidamente, em sua tentativa de fuga. No Reino Unido, estima-se que 40 pessoas morrem por ano em incidentes de trânsito envolvendo a polícia, a maioria como resultado de uma perseguição policial. Nos Estados Unidos, as mortes relacionadas à perseguição variam entre 300 e 400 pessoas por ano.

A Lei de Kristie foi uma proposta de lei da Califórnia que restringiria a imunidade por danos (incluindo ferimentos ou mortes) causados por perseguições em alta velocidade, onde as agências de aplicação da lei estabeleceram, mas não seguiram, políticas de perseguição.

Em 2007, a Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos decidiu em Scott v. Harris (550 U.S. 372) que uma "tentativa do policial de encerrar uma perigosa perseguição de carros em alta velocidade que ameaça a vida de transeuntes inocentes não viola a Quarta Emenda, mesmo quando coloca o motorista em fuga em risco de ferimentos graves ou morte."

Na maioria das jurisdições de direito comum, a "regra dos bombeiros" impede que policiais feridos em tais perseguições entrem com ações civis por danos monetários contra os suspeitos em fuga, porque esses ferimentos são considerados um risco inerente ao trabalho. A indignação pública com essa imunidade resultou em exceções legais. Um exemplo é a Seção 1714.9 do Código Civil da Califórnia, de 1982, que restabelece a responsabilidade quando o suspeito sabia ou deveria saber que a polícia estava presente.

A política sobre as circunstâncias que justificam uma perseguição em alta velocidade variam de acordo com a jurisdição. Alguns defensores da segurança querem restringir as perseguições a crimes violentos. Outra opção é usar a tecnologia para encerrar ou evitar a necessidade dessas perseguições. Por exemplo, os veículos podem ser rastreados por aeronaves ou dispositivo de marcação GPS como StarChase, permitindo que agências policiais interceptem suspeitos de forma confiável usando bloqueios ou quando o veículo está parado.

Buscas interjurisdicionais e questões políticas
Um perigo particular que acompanha as perseguições policiais é o problema de múltiplas agências de aplicação da lei se envolvendo em uma perseguição que atravessa os limites municipais e jurisdicionais. Isso geralmente é complicado por incompatibilidade de comunicação de rádio e diferenças políticas nos vários departamentos envolvidos em uma busca.

A cidade de Dallas, Texas, foi a primeira grande cidade dos Estados Unidos a adotar uma "Política de Perseguição Interjurisdicional" para tratar dos problemas inerentes às perseguições de carros que envolviam mais de uma agência de aplicação da lei. Em agosto de 1984, a Divisão de Planejamento e Pesquisa do Departamento de Polícia de Dallas começou a elaborar uma política que mais de 20 agências locais de aplicação da lei poderiam concordar em obedecer quando automóveis cruzassem suas fronteiras durante perseguições. O resultado foi um modelo de política que se tornou o padrão para uso dos departamentos de polícia nos Estados Unidos.

Na Europa, como muitas fronteiras nacionais não têm mais estações de fronteira, as perseguições às vezes podem cruzar as fronteiras nacionais. Os estados geralmente têm acordos em que a polícia de um estado pode continuar a perseguição além da fronteira nacional.

No cinema e na televisão

No cinema e na televisão, o termo "perseguição de carro" refere-se a uma "cena de perseguição" envolvendo dois ou mais automóveis perseguindo um ao outro, a perseguição pode ou não envolver um carro de polícia. As perseguições de carros fazem parte de filmes de ação, e os filmes são usualmente construídos inteiramente em torno das perseguições, muitas vezes apresentando veículos exóticos de alta potência. Eles são populares porque são cenas de movimento rápido que geram muita emoção e ação, devido à velocidade dos veículos envolvidos e as colisões em potencial e os destroços resultantes dos acidentes, enquanto não são muito caros para encenar.

Encenar sequências de perseguição, requer geralmente várias tomadas e destruição de vários veículos (intencionalmente ou por acidente), dando um incentivo para os cineastas encontrarem maneiras de reduzir custos. Portanto, é comum usar veículos mais antigos que estão 1–2 gerações atrás dos modelos atuais no mercado, uma vez que podem ser aquisições de segunda mão a baixo custo devido à depreciação. Existem algumas exceções, se um veículo de alto perfil (talvez, mas não necessariamente um veículo "halo") for usado e/ou se o fabricante do veículo pagar pela colocação do produto em uma produção. Exemplos incluem as franquias James Bond e Transporter que usam veículos atuais e até mesmo veículos-conceito.

Embora as perseguições nos filmes tenham sido encenadas já no próprio veículo motorizado - um dos primeiros exemplos sendo "Runaway Match" de 1903 - o consenso entre historiadores e críticos de cinema é que o primeiro filme moderno com perseguição de carro foi Bullitt de 1968. A cena de perseguição revolucionária de 10 minutos em Bullitt colocou câmeras de forma que o público se sentisse dentro dos veículos. Mesmo durante as cenas mais calamitosas, a estrelaSteve McQueenpodia ser visto claramente ao volante do veículo. Anteriormente, as cenas de perseguição de carros eram frequentemente encenadas usando usando projeção.

A Conexão Francesa aumentou ainda mais o realismo. Enquanto as perseguições anteriores obviamente foram filmadas em estradas fechadas, rodovias isoladas ou manhãs de domingo (incluindo Bullitt), o filme colocou a perseguição em meio ao tráfego e pedestres da caótica Nova York.

Com o passar do tempo, também aumentaram as expectativas de perseguição em filmes. Desde Bullitt, as perseguições apresentadas em filmes tornaram-se mais avançadas e indiscutivelmente mais divertidas. Os acidentes de carro também têm assumido um papel cada vez mais importante, com a destruição de qualquer veículo muitas vezes sendo um deleite para o espectador. Um dos primeiros exemplos de um acidente encenado, mas surpreendente em uma perseguição pode ser encontrado no filme McQ de 1974, que apresentou uma capotagem incrível, o primeiro capotamento de verdade, em uma praia.

Eventualmente, isso resultou em filmes que não são muito mais do que uma série de perseguições de carro interligadas, como o filme Gone in 60 Seconds, de 1974, que culminou em uma cena de perseguição de 40 minutos com vários acidentes (alguns deles reais) e um salto no ar de  de altura e  de comprimento sobre carros acidentados que bloqueiam uma estrada.Provavelmente, a perseguição de carro mais comum é aquela em que um carro está sendo perseguido pela polícia. Uma das variações mais famosas é de The French Connection e envolve um carro perseguindo um trem elevado. Perseguições envolvendo ônibus, caminhões, veículos de neve, trens, tanques e praticamente todos os outros tipos de veículos, com ou sem rodas, surgiram em algum momento.

Filmes como The Blues Brothers, The Keystone Kops, WC Fields, The Three Stooges, It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World, The Shaggy Dog, The Gumball Rally, Sem Depósito, Sem Retorno, Freaky Friday, The Gnome Mobile, Esse Pato Vale Ouro, O que se passa, doutor?, Short Time e muitos outros têm perseguições que são usadas para comédia.

Provavelmente, o tipo mais complexo de perseguição envolve ir contra o tráfego moderadamente congestionado das rodovias em alta velocidade, mais notavelmente em To Live and Die em LA e Ronin.

Vários filmes que apresentam perseguições complexas em grande escala envolvendo muitos veículos na perseguição incluem Os Irmãos dos Blues, O Transporter, Caçadores da Arca Perdida, O Guerreiro da Estrada e a franquia Velozes e Furiosos. Outro método de melhorar uma cena de perseguição é fazer um personagem se mover de um veículo para outro e lutar dentro ou em cima de um veículo, cena empregada de forma eficaz em Matrix Reloaded.

Vários programas de televisão foram desenvolvidos em torno da popularidade de perseguições, como CHiPs, The Dukes of Hazzard, Knight Rider, Airwolf e, mais recentemente, Chase.

Em tempos mais modernos, o uso de imagens geradas por computador está se tornando cada vez mais popular e, embora caro, elimina qualquer nível de perigo. Embora às vezes impressionante, costuma-se argumentar que elimina o realismo da cena de perseguição, o que pode, por sua vez, danificar o fator de emoção estabelecido. Exemplos recentes dessas imagens geradas por computador podem ser encontrados nos filmes de Michael Bay, Bad Boys II e The Island. Driven foi particularmente criticada por suas sequências de perseguição em CGI. Essas críticas afetaram as recentes produções de Hollywood, por exemplo, filmes como Ronin, A Supremacia Bourne, O Reino, O Cavaleiro das Trevas e Need For Speed tiveram perseguições reais com uso mínimo de CGI.

No filme de comédia de ação Hot Fuzz, a cena em que o sargento Angel persegue o carro em alta velocidade foi declarada a mais curta perseguição de carro da história do cinema. A brevidade da cena, como reconhecida nas entrevistas, era ela mesma a piada.

Em videogames
Muitos videogames, muitas vezes dentro do mundo aberto e gêneros de corrida, tendem a conter, se não se concentrar em perseguições de algum tipo, geralmente envolvendo a polícia. Muitas dessas perseguições costumam ser fortemente estilizadas, com a polícia frequentemente atacando ou até atirando em veículos suspeitos.Exemplos notáveis de tais jogos incluem:

 Bally Midway's Spy Hunter (1983), apresentando um veículo armado no estilo James Bond e APB (1987), do Atari, onde o jogador controlava um carro da polícia.
 Chase HQ (1988) e suas sequências fazem com que o jogador assuma o papel de um policial que, junto com seu parceiro, devem parar criminosos em perseguições em alta velocidade.
 A saga Need for Speed é notável por sua representação de perseguições policiais, geralmente envolvendo carros de alto desempenho dirigidos por criminosos e policiais.
 A franquia Grand Theft Auto (GTA) é especialmente famosa por sua representação de perseguições em missões e em mundo aberto, com perseguições imprudentes por criminosos e policiais sendo possíveis em quase todos os jogos da série.
 L.A. Noire (2011) apresenta perseguições policiais em vários de seus casos e missões, embora ao contrário de Grand Theft Auto, o jogador assume o papel de policial.

Veja também

 Roubo de carros
 Roubo de veículo motorizado
 Corrida de rua (racha)

Ligações externas

 Estatísticas e fatos
 Relatório de perseguição policial IACP

Criminalidade
Terminologias de filmes e vídeos

Perseguição de carro


The Age of Sail is a period that lasted at the latest from the mid-16th (or mid-15th) to the mid-19th centuries, in which the dominance of sailing ships in global trade and warfare culminated, particularly marked by the introduction of naval artillery, and ultimately reached its highest extent at the advent of the analogue Age of Steam. Enabled by the advances of the related Age of Navigation, it is identified as a distinctive element of the early modern period and the Age of Discovery. Especially in context of the latter, it refers to a more particular Eurocentric Age of Sail, while generally the Age of Sail is the culminating period of a long intercontinental history of sailing.

Periodization

Like most periodic eras, defining the age is inexact and serves only as a general description. The term is used differently for warships and merchant vessels.

Sailing ships are an ancient technology, making far-reaching trade like the ancient spice trade possible. With the Mongol invasion of Java (1293), cannons started to be used in naval warfare (e.g. Cetbang by the Majapahit), and by the 14th century naval artillery was employed in Europe, documented at the Battle of Arnemuiden (1338). The 15th century, besides the established sea powers of the central Indian Ocean trade, such as the maritime kingdoms of Austronesia, saw a rise in the deployment of oceans voyaging fleets (including carrying naval artillery) from the extreme points of the trade, such as the Ming treasure voyages or the Iberian naval ventures all the way along the African Atlantic coast and across the Atlantic Ocean, starting the Age of Discovery.

For warships, the age of sail runs roughly from the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, the last significant engagement in which oar-propelled galleys played a major role, to the development of steam-powered warships.

Golden Age of Sail
The period between the mid-19th century to the early 20th century, when sailing vessels reached their peak of size and complexity (e.g. clippers and windjammers), is sometimes referred to as the "Golden Age of Sail".

Decline
The second sea-going steamboat was Richard Wright's first steamboat Experiment, an ex-French lugger; she steamed from Leeds to Yarmouth in July 1813. The first iron steamship to go to sea was the 116-ton Aaron Manby, built in 1821 by Aaron Manby at the Horseley Ironworks, and became the first iron-built vessel to put to sea when she crossed the English Channel in 1822, arriving in Paris on 22 June. She carried passengers and freight to Paris in 1822 at an average speed of 8 knots (9 mph, 14 km/h).

The first purpose-built steam battleship was the 90-gun  in 1850. Multiple steam battleships saw action during the Crimean war, especially the Allied (British, French and Ottoman) fleet Bombardment of Sevastopol as part of the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855). The first ironclad battleship, , was launched by the French Navy in November 1859. In the March 1862 Battle of Hampton Roads, the ironclad  fought , making this the first fight between ironclads.

The Suez Canal in the Middle East, which opened in 1869, was more practical for steamships than for sailing ships, achieving a much shorter European-Asian sea route, which coincided with more fuel-efficient steamships, starting with  in 1865.

By 1873, the Age of Sail for warships had ended, with  commissioned in 1871. Devastation was the first class of ocean-going battleships that did not carry sails.

Sailing ships continued to be an economical way to transport bulk cargo on long voyages into the 1920s and 1930s, though steamships soon pushed them out of those trades as well. Sailing ships do not require fuel or complex engines to be powered; thus they tended to be more independent from sophisticated dedicated support bases on land. Crucially though, steam-powered ships held a speed advantage and were rarely hindered by adverse winds, freeing steam-powered vessels from the necessity of following trade winds. As a result, cargo and supplies could reach a foreign port in a fraction of the time it took a sailing ship.

Sailing vessels were pushed into narrower and narrower economic niches and gradually disappeared from commercial trade. Today, sailing vessels are only economically viable for small-scale coastal fishing, along with recreational uses such as yachting and passenger sail excursion ships.

In recent decades, the commercial shipping industry has been reviving interest in wind assisted ships as a way to conserve fuel in the interest of sustainability.

Legacy
A New Age of Sail has been predicted by some experts to occur by 2030, driven by a revolution in energy technology and a desire to reduce carbon emissions from maritime shipping through wind-assisted propulsion. The book Trade Winds: A Voyage to a Sustainable Future for Shipping discusses the potential of a return to wind propulsion through the firsthand experiences of Christiaan De Beukelaer, who spent five months aboard a sailing cargo ship in 2020.

See also

 Age of Discovery
 Columbian Exchange
 Indian Ocean trade
 Maritime Silk Road
 Maritime timeline
 Naval history
 Sailing ship tactics
 Sea lane

Notes

References

1571 establishments
1862 disestablishments
Early modern period
Exploration
Historical eras
History of geography
Maritime culture
Maritime history
Navigation
Sailing

Age of Sail


In Gallo-Roman religion, Buxenus was an epithet of the Gaulish Mars, known from a single inscription found in Velleron in the Vaucluse.

References

Gaulish gods
Nature gods
Mars (mythology)

Buxenus


බුරුමය තුල බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය පාලනය 1824 සිට1948 දක්වා පැවති අතර, ඉංග්‍රීසි-බුරුම යුද්ධ,  බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය ඉන්දියාවේ පළාතක් ලෙසින්  බුරුමය තැනීම, ස්වාධීන ලෙසින් පරිපාලනය කෙරුණු යටත් විජිතයක් බිහිකිරීම හා අවසන නිදහස ලැබීම මේ කාලය තුලදී සිදුවිය.

බුරුමය තුල බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය පාලනය


Sebastiano Manilio est un humaniste italien du .

Biographie
Sebastiano Manilio naquit à Arezzo en Toscane. Il était l'un des membres de l'académie fondée à Rome par Giulio Pomponio Leto. D'après un de ses ouvrages, on peut conjecturer qu'il cultivait la médecine, ou du moins qu'il en avait fait une étude spéciale. C'est la traduction italienne d'un recueil intitulé Fasciculo de medicina in vulgare el quale tracta de tute le infirmitate del corpo humano e de la anatomia de Guillo : e multi altri tractati composti per diversi eccelentissimi doctori, Venise, 1493, in-fol., volume très-rare. On doit, en outre, à Manilio une traduction italienne des Épîtres de Sénèque, ibid., 1494, in-fol.,  édit. , rare. Lodovico Domenichi, dans son dialogue Della stampa (p. 381, 390) reproche à Doni d'avoir publié sous son nom cette version de Manilio, Venise, 1549, in-8°, et Zeno, dans ses notes sur la Bibliot. dell'eloquenza, t. , p. 224, confirme l'accusation de plagiat portée contre Doni. Mais le P. Paitoni cherche à le disculper, par la raison que Doni, dans l'épître dédicatoire, ne se déclare point l'auteur de cette version, et qu'il est probable que l'imprimeur a mis son nom sur le frontispice sans son aveu (voy. la Biblioteca dei volgarizat., t. 4, p. 19).

Sources et références

Liens externes

Naissance en 1504
Naissance à Arezzo
Humaniste italien de la Renaissance
Éditeur italien

Sebastiano Manilio


Victor Dubugras (Sarthe, 1868 - Teresópolis, 1933) fue un arquitecto brasileño nacido en Francia y que pasó su juventud en Argentina.

Desarrolló muy distintos estilos, desde el neogótico, con influencias de Viollet le-Duc y de los Arts and Crafts de William Morris, al eclecticismo, al art nouveau y el neocolonialismo.

Obtuvo la medalla de oro de la Exposición general de Bellas Artes de Río de Janeiro (1916), y la medalla de plata en el Congreso Panamericano de Arquitectos de Buenos Aires (1927).

Notas

Enlaces externos
 Alex Miyoshi, Victor Dubugras, arquiteto dos caminhos / Victor Dubugras, l'architecte des chemins, Revista de História da Arte e Arqueologia, n.º 12

Arquitectos de Brasil del siglo XIX
Arquitectos de Brasil del siglo XX

Victor Dubugras


An Phaius tetragonus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Louis Marie Aubert Du Petit-Thouars, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Phaius tetragonus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Phaius, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Phaius

Phaius tetragonus


Paul Schwarz ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Paul Schwarz (Orientalist) (1867–1938), deutscher Orientalist
 Paul Schwarz (Ingenieur) (1877–1951), deutscher Ingenieur, Unternehmer und Politiker (DVP)
 Paul Schwarz (Diplomat) (1882–1951), deutscher Chemiker und Erdöl-Ingenieur
 Paul Schwarz (Sänger) (1887–1980), österreichischer Sänger
 Paul Schwarz (Musiker) (* 1946), deutscher Jazzmusiker und Komponist
Paul Schwarz (Radsportfunktionär) (1882–1966), deutscher Radsportfunktionär
 Paul Kurt Schwarz (1916–2010), österreichischer Grafiker
 Paul Wolfgang Schwarz (1766–1815/1826), deutscher Kupferstecher, Maler und Kunsthändler

Siehe auch:
 Paul Schwartz
 Paul Schwarze (1888–1943), deutscher Widerstandskämpfer

Paul Schwarz


Tia es un personaje de la serie de televisión francesa Galactik Football.

Argumento
Tia es uno de los principales protagonistas de Galactik Football. Ella es la atacante del equipo de Galactik Football los Snow Kids, y es la primera persona que ha desarrollado el Aliento de Akillian en más de 15 años. Ella es el interés amoroso de Rocket. En la temporada 3, se convierte en el capitán de los Snow Kids.

Referencias
 Página oficial

 página de Alphanim (en inglés)

Galactik Football

Tia (Galactik Football)


Ovo je glavno značenje pojma Struk, za botanički pojam pogledajte Struk (botanika)

Struk, pojas ili pas predstavlja najuži dio čovjekova trupa (torza) između grudi i bedara.

Širina struka odraz je zdravstvenog stanja čovjeka. Tako je preširoki struk posljedica prejteranog unosa alkohola ili hrane, nekretanja i nezdravog načina života koji dovodi do kardiovaskularnih poteškoća i rizika za obolijevanje od šećerne i drugih kardiovaskularnih bolesti (npr. srčanog udara), pojačane napetosti, smanjenja ili potpunog izostanka plodnosti te smanjenja kognitivnih sposobnosti (razmišljanje, zaključivanje...).

S druge strane, česte su operacije u kojima se smanjenje širine struka postiže uklanjanjem određenog broja rebrenih kostiju, što često ostavlja nepovratne posljedice po ljudsko zdravlje i dovodi do otežanog rada organizma.

Oko struka se nosi opasač (pojas), koji najčešće pridržava hlače, ali i kao modni detalj (npr. na haljini). Na prostorima s većinskim hinduističkim stanovništvom (Indija), kao i u nekim zemljama islamskog svijeta (u onima gdje se pleše trbušni ples, npr. Maldivi, Srednji i Bliski Istok) uobičajena je pojava trbušnog nakita u žena, posebice kod trbušnih plesačica, ali i kao dio narodne nošnje. S vremenom je u cijelom svijetu njegova upotreba raširena kao modni dodatak.

Izvori

Anatomija

Struk


Eye Candy may refer to:
 Himbo, a slang term for an attractive but vacuous man

Media
 Eye Candy (album), an album by Mis-Teeq, 2003
 Eye Candy (TV series), a 2015 TV show on MTV starring Victoria Justice
 "Eye Candy" (Happy Tree Friends), a web episode in the animated series Happy Tree Friends

Eye candy


Arthur Maia (født 13. oktober 1992, død 28. november 2016) var en brasiliansk fodboldspiller.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Brasilien
Fodboldspillere fra Clube de Regatas do Flamengo
Fodboldspillere fra Associação Chapacoence de Futebol

Arthur Maia


نويل ميلاريو أودينغار (1932- 4 مايو، 2007) هو ضابط تشادي ولد سنة 1932 كان أحد أعضاء مجموعة التسعة العسكرية التي حكمت تشاد من 1975 إلى 1978. تخرج من كلية عسكرية فرنسية وأصبح رائدًا سنة 1975 بعد انقلاب وموت الرئيس فرنسوا تومبالباي أصبح رئيسًا لتشاد لمدة يومين خلفه فليكس معلوم.

أشخاص من إفريقيا الاستوائية الفرنسية
رؤساء تشاد
شعب سارا
عسكريون تشاديون
عسكريون فرنسيون
جمهورية إفريقيا الوسطى في عقد 1970
فرنسوا تومبالباي
قادة دولة تشاد
مواليد 1932
وفيات 1428 هـ
وفيات 2007
سياسيون تشاديون في القرن 20

نويل ميلاريو أودينغار


11770 Rudominkowski este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
11770 Rudominkowski este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul Palomar de Cornelis Johannes van Houten, Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld și Tom Gehrels. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,18 ua, o excentricitate de 0,13 și o înclinație de 3,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 11001-12000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1973
Centura de asteroizi

11770 Rudominkowski


Gustav Holzmann ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Gustav Holzmann (1804–1860), deutscher Architekt und Baubeamter, siehe Gustav Holtzmann
 Gustav Holzmann (Politiker) (1825–1903), deutscher Jurist und Politiker
 Gustav Holzmann (Geograph) (1926–1973), österreichischer Geograph, Historiker und Publizist

Gustav Holzmann


An Phaius hekouensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Tsukaya, M.Nakaj. ngan S.K.Wu. An Phaius hekouensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Phaius, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Phaius

Phaius hekouensis


Lares, Roma mitolojisinde koruyucu tanrılardan biri. Kökeni belirsizdir.
res tanA
Lares'in, bulundukları yerin veya işlevlerinin sınırları içinde olan her şeyi gözlemlediğine, koruduğuna ve etkilediğine inanılıyordu.

Zeus'un Juturne adındaki peri kızına olan aşkını Hera'ya anlattığı için Zeus'un dilini keserek Hermes'le birlikte cehenneme yolladığı Lara adındaki periye Hermes'in aşık olması ve onunla beraber olması sonucu olan çocuğun ismi.

Roma tanrıları

Lares


Phebalium daviesii, es una especie de arbusto perteneciente a la familia de las rutáceas. Es un endemismo de Tasmania, Australia. La planta solo se encuentra en una pequeña área, cerca de George River en la costa nordeste de Tasmania. Se asumía que la planta se había extinguido hasta que fue redescubierta en diciembre de 1990, aunque solo menos de 40 plantas existen en la naturaleza. La especie se considera en crítico peligro de extinción dentro de Australia, sin embargo, la UICN no la tiene en la lista de especies en peligro de extinción.

En 2001, cada estado australiano nominó una flor nativa como emblema floral para celebrar el centenario de la Federación de Australia . Phebalium daviesii fue el emblema de Tasmania.

Taxonomía
Phebalium daviesii fue descrita por Joseph Dalton Hooker y publicado en Fl. Tasman. 2: 358, en el año 1859.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Department of the Environment and Heritage:

daviesii

Phebalium daviesii


| fæðingardagur  =
| fæðingarstaður =
| dauðadagur     =
| dauðastaður    = ,
| orsök_dauða    =
| verðlaun       =
| þekkt_fyrir    =
| stjórnmálaflokkur =
| starf          = Ljósmyndari,kvikmyndargerðarkona
| trú            =
| maki           =
| börn           =
| foreldrar      =
| undirskrift    =
}}

Inga Lísa Middleton Rose (f. 9. desember 1964) er íslenskur ljósmyndari og kvikmyndagerðarkona.

Kvikmyndir

 Ævintýri á okkar tímum (1992) (Stuttmynd)
 Í draumi sérhvers manns (1995)
 Villiljós (2001)
 Búi (2016) (Stuttmynd)
 Óskin (2020) (Stuttmynd)

Tenglar

Íslenskar listakonur
Íslenskir ljósmyndarar
Íslenskir kvikmyndaleikstjórar
Fólk fætt árið 1964

Inga Lísa Middleton


Agrilus rufobrunneus é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Fisher, 1933.

Referências

rufobrunneus

Agrilus rufobrunneus


فض الارتباط مصطلح سياسي ويعني فك الوحدة الهيكلية والوظيفية لمؤسسات موحدة بين دولتين أو دول عدة. كما تعني رسم الحدود الفاصلة بين الدولتين تمهيدا للانفصال حتى تتحقق لكل دولة سيادتها على حدا فيكون لها نظام حكمها الخاص ورقعتها الجغرافية الخاصة. وهنا نشير إلى وجوب عدم الخلط بين الاستقلال وفك الارتباط إذ ان الاستقلال هو الخروج عن سيطرة مستعمر أو محتل فرض بالقوة على دولة ما بينما فك الارتباط يأتي اثر معاهدة وحدة موقعة من طرف الدولتين.

قرارات فك ارتباط
 قرار فك وحدة الضفتين والذي اتخذه العاهل الأردني الملك حسين عام 1988 لإنهاء ارتباط الضفة الغربية إدارياً وقانونياً مع المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية بعد اتفاق مع الراحل ياسر عرفات
 انفصال مصر عن سوريا بعد تكوين الجمهورية العربية المتحدة بعد انقلاب عسكري في دمشق في 28 سبتمبر 1961.
 قرار فك الارتباط الذي أعلنه الرئيس السابق لليمن الجنوبي علي سالم البيض بناء على المعاهدات مع حكومة اليمن الشمالي ممثلة بالرئيس علي عبد الله صالح وذلك في 21 مايو 1994.

مصطلحات سياسية

فض الارتباط


Kaliopi Bukle (, født 28. december 1966 i Ohrid) er en makedonsk sanger, som synger pop, traditionel musik og soft rock.

Eurovision
Kaliopi har repræsenteret Makedonien i Eurovision Song Contest tre gange, i henholdsvist 1996, 2012 og 2016.

Som den første deltager for Makedonien, deltog Kaliopi med sangen "Saliapo" (dansk: "Kun dig") i Eurovision Song Contest 1996. Sangen kvalificerede sig ikke fra forudvælgelsen, og endte samlet på en 26. plads i konkurrencen. Hun deltog igen i Eurovision Song Contest 2012, hvor hun repræsenterede Makedonien med sangen "Crno I Belo" (dansk: "Sort og hvid"). Her kvalificerede hun sig til finalen, og opnåede en 13. plads i finalen og dermed Makedoniens næstbedste placering hidtil. Hun repræsentede for tredje gang Makedonien i konkurrencen i 2016 med sangen "Dona". Her opnåede hun en 11. plads i semifinalen, og fik dermed akkurat ikke nok stemmer til at kvalificere sig til finalen.

Diskografi
Studiealbum
med Group Kaliopi
 1986: "Kaliopi"
 1987: "Rodjeni"

Solo
 2000: "Oboi Me"
 2001: "Ako Denot Mi E Nokj"
 2004: "Ne Mi Go Zemaj Vremeto"
 2008: "Zelim Ti Reci"
 2010: "Poraka" and "Poruka"
 2013: "Melem"

med Edin Karamazov
 2009: "Oblivion"

Live-album
 2002: "Najmila – Live and Unreleased"
 2006: "Kaliopi Live" (DVD Album)

Instrumentalalbum
 2005: "Me, Isadora"

Opsamlingsalbum
 2007: "The Best Of"

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

 Officielt websted

Sangere fra Nordmakedonien
Nordmakedoniens Eurovision Song Contest-deltagere
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 2012
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 2016

Kaliopi


An Epidendrum bractiacuminatum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Eric Hágsater ngan Dodson. An Epidendrum bractiacuminatum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epidendrum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Ecuador. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epidendrum

Epidendrum bractiacuminatum


Vappu Elisabet Roos () a fost o scriitoare și traducătoare finlandeză.

Scrieri
 Passinne, olkaa hyvä! : pakinaa maisemista ja ihmisistä 1932–1936.   Gummerus 1938
 Dantesta Dickensiin : maailmankirjallisuuden suurimpien mestarien elämäkertoja. WSOY 1946, ed. a II-a, 1950; ed. a III-a, 1962
 Suuri maailmankirjallisuus : länsimaisen kirjallisuuden vaiheet Homeroksesta O'Neilliin. WSOY 1949, ed. a II-a, 1956; ed. a III-a, 1965
 Suolavakka : Minna Canthin ajatuksia, toimittanut Kirjallis-taiteellinen Minna Canthin seura; toimituskunta: Helle Kannila, Vappu Roos, Irene Tiittanen. Otava 1954
 Hyvä, uskollinen, altis : koiria mestarikertojien kuvaamina, ed. Vappu Roos. WSOY 1956

Traduceri
 Thornton Wilder : Androksen nainen : roman. Gummerus 1939
 A. Olsjanski : Neuvostovakoilijana Suomessa, ruotsin kielestä suomentanut Vappu Roos. WSOY 1941
 Sven Stolpe : Döbeln : kertomus vuodelta 1813. WSOY 1942
 William Saroyan : Nimeni on Aram. Tammi 1953
 Nikos Kazantzakis: Kerro minulle, Zorbas (Zorba Grecul), ranskan kielestä suomentanut Vappu Roos. Keltainen kirjasto 2.   Tammi 1954, ed. a XIII-a, 2009
 H. E. Bates : Rakkaus Lydiaan. Tammi 1954
 Nan Inger : Myöhäinen alkusoitto. Tammi 1957
 Rowena Farre : Ystäväni Lora. Tammi 1958
 Vladimir Nabokov : Pnin. Tammi 1959
 Sally Carrighar : Pohjoisen villit vaistot. Tammi 1962
 Katherine Mansfield : Puutarhakutsut : kertomuksia, valikoiman toimittanut Vappu Roos; suomentanut Sirppa Kauppinen. Weilin + Göös 1963, ed. a II-a, 1980

Legături externe
 Vappu Roos SKS:n kirjailijamatrikkelissa

Nașteri în 1910
Decese în 1997
Scriitori finlandezi

Vappu Roos


1 Aquarii (1 Aqr) es una estrella de magnitud aparente +5,15.
Se localiza dentro la constelación de Acuario muy cerca del límite con la vecina Aquila.
De acuerdo a la nueva reducción de los datos de paralaje de Hipparcos, se encuentra a 233±11 años luz de distancia del sistema solar.

Como otras muchas estrellas del cielo nocturno —por ejemplo τ² Aquarii o 88 Aquarii, en esta misma constelación— 1 Aquarii es una gigante naranja.
Tiene tipo espectral K1III y una temperatura efectiva entre 4688 y 4839K, cifra que varía según la fuente consultada.
Su radio es 11 veces más grande que el radio solar, por lo que su tamaño es casi igual al de Pólux (βGeminorum), la gigante naranja más próxima a nosotros.
Gira sobre sí misma con una velocidad de rotación proyectada de 1,8km/s.
Es 54 veces más luminosa que el Sol y es una estrella del disco fino.
Tiene una masa estimada de 1,46 masas solares y una edad aproximada de 4760 millones de años.

1 Aquarii muestra una metalicidad —abundancia relativa de elementos más pesados que el helio— comparable a la del Sol ([Fe/H] = +0,09).

La gran mayoría de los elementos evaluados presentan niveles algo superiores a los solares —excepto el praseodimio [Pr/H] = −0,08—, observándose para silicio y manganeso la mayor diferencia respecto, siendo ambos un 66% más abundantes que en el Sol.

Referencias

Gigantes naranjas
Constelación de Acuario

1 Aquarii


An Loudetia echinulata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Charles Edward Hubbard. An Loudetia echinulata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Loudetia, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Loudetia

Loudetia echinulata


Der Bocksweizen (Atraphaxis) ist eine Pflanzengattung innerhalb der Familie der Knöterichgewächse (Polygonaceae). Die etwa 25 Arten sind von Mittel- und Westasien über Südrussland bis ans Mittelmeer verbreitet. Einige Arten werden in Steppen- und Steingärten als Zierpflanzen verwendet.

Beschreibung

Vegetative Merkmale

Die Bocksweizen_Arten wachsen als sommergrüne, niedrige und stark verzweigte Sträucher. Die Rinde der dornigen oder "unbewährten" Zweige ist kahl. Die weniger als einjährigen Zweige tragen Laubblätter und Blüten. Die Laubblätter sind wechselständig oder selten in Büschel angeordnet. Die Laubblätter sind fast sitzend und haben eine einfache Blattspreite. Die häutigen Gelenkscheiden sind deutlich ausgebildet, haben zwei Adern und sind an der Spitze zweigeteilt.

Generative Merkmale
Die Blüten sind zwittrig und wachsen locker oder dicht in den Blattachseln traubiger Blütenständen an den Enden oder Seiten der Zweige. Die Blütenstiele sind dünn und gegliedert.

Die Blütenhülle ist einfach, deutlich geadert, vier- oder fünfteilig und in zwei Kreisen angeordnet. Die äußeren Hüllblätter sind kleiner als die inneren und deutlich zurückgeschlagen und bis zum Grund frei. Die zwei bis drei inneren Hüllblätter sind gerade und umschließen die Frucht. Es werden sechs bis acht Staubblätter gebildet. Die Staubfäden erweitern sich zur Basis hin und vereinigen sich in einen drüsigen Ring. Der Fruchtknoten ist oberständig, linsenartig zusammengedrückt oder hat einen dreieckigen Querschnitt. Die zwei bis drei Griffel sind kurz, die Narben sind kopfig angeordnet.

Die glänzend braunen Nüssfrüchte sind bei einer Länge von etwa 4 Millimetern eiförmige, zwei- oder dreikantige, mit beinahe flügelartigen Kanten.

Systematik und Verbreitung
Die Gattung Atraphaxis wurde 1753 durch Carl von Linné in seinem Werk Species Plantarum aufgestellt.

Die Gattung Atraphaxis gehört zur Tribus Polygoneae in der Unterfamilie Polygonoideae innerhalb der Familie Polygonaceae.

Die etwa 25 Arten sind in den Steppen von Mittel-, Südwest- und Nordasien und im Mittelmeerraum in Südeuropa und in Nordafrika verbreitet.

Es gibt etwa 25 Arten:
 Atraphaxis angustifolia : Sie kommt in Aserbaidschan vor.
 Atraphaxis aucheri
 Atraphaxis avenia
 Atraphaxis badghysi
 Atraphaxis billardierei : Sie kommt in Griechenland, in der Türkei, im Irak, Iran, in Syrien, Armenien, Georgien und Daghestan vor.
 Atraphaxis bracteata : Sie kommt in China und in der Mongolei vor.
 Atraphaxis canescens : Sie kommt in Kasachstan und in Xinjiang vor.
 Atraphaxis caucasica : Sie kommt in Armenien und in Georgien vor.
 Atraphaxis compacta : Sie kommt im asiatischen Teil Russland, in Kasachstan, Kirgisistan, in der Mongolei und in Xinjiang vor.
 Atraphaxis daghestanica : Sie kommt im Kaukasusraum vor.
 Atraphaxis decipiens : Sie kommt in Kasachstan und in Xinjiang vor.
 Kleinstrauchiger Bocksweizen (Atraphaxis frutescens ): Er kommt im europäischen Russland, in Sibirien, im Kaukasusraum, in Kasachstan, in Turkmenistan, in China und in der Mongolei vor.
 Atraphaxis grandiflora : Sie kommt in der Türkei vor.
 Atraphaxis intricata
 Atraphaxis irtyschensis : Sie kommt nur im nördlichen Xinjiang vor.
 Atraphaxis karataviensis
 Atraphaxis kopetdagensis
 Atraphaxis laetevirens : Sie kommt in Kasachstan, im asiatischen Teil Russlands, in Kirgisistan, in Xinjiang und in der Mongolei vor.
 Atraphaxis macrocarpa
 Atraphaxis manshurica : Sie kommt in China vor.
 Atraphaxis muschketovii : Sie kommt in Kasachstan vor.
 Atraphaxis pungens : Sie kommt in Kasachstan, im asiatischen Teil Russlands, in China, in der Mongolei und vielleicht auch in Indien vor.
 Atraphaxis pyrifolia : Sie kommt in Indien, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Kasachstan, Kirgisistan, Tadschikistan und in Xinjiang vor.
 Atraphaxis rodinii
 Atraphaxis seravschanica : Sie kommt in Usbekistan, Kasachstan, Tadschikistan und Turkmenistan vor.
 Dorniger Bocksweizen (Atraphaxis spinosa ): Er kommt im südlichen europäischen Teil Russlands, in Ägypten, Israel, Jordanien, Syrien, im Libanon und in der Türkei, in Saudi-Arabien, im Iran, in Afghanistan, Pakistan, im Kaukasusraum, in Zentralasien, in Xinjiang und in der Mongolei vor.
 Atraphaxis suaedifolia
 Atraphaxis teretifolia
 Atraphaxis virgata : Sie kommt in Kasachstan, Kirgisistan, Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan, in Xinjiang, im asiatischen Teil Russlands und in der Mongolei vor.

Verwendung
Die Arten werden meist nur als Liebhaberpflanzen in Stein- und Steppengärten verwendet. Sie zeichnen sich dabei durch ihre langanhaltende Blüte aus.

Nachweise

Literatur

 Andreas Roloff, Andreas Bärtels: Flora der Gehölze. Bestimmung, Eigenschaften und Verwendung. Mit einem Winterschlüssel von Bernd Schulz. 3., korrigierte Auflage. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6, S. 120–121.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Knöterichgewächse

Bocksweizen


KK Croatia je košarkaški klub Hrvata u Njemačkoj iz Berlina.
Osnovana je 1992. godine. Održala je 6. Memorijalni košarkaški turnir Dražen Petrović, a pomoć u organizaciji pružio im je Savez hrvatskih društava Berlina. Sjedište kluba je na Eisenfelder Ring 18, 13583 Berlin Spandau., ali se vode na Tempelhof - Schöneberg. Treninge održavaju u Paul-Simmel-Grundschule, Felixstraße 26 .

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 KK Croatia Berlin
 Facebook 1. Herren: KK Croatia Berlin I vs. Füchse Berlin Reinickendorf I] (na njemačkom)
 Hrvati.ch Domovnica Predstavljamo hrvatske sportske amaterske klubove izvan domovine

Hrvati u Njemačkoj
Njemački košarkaški klubovi
Croatia Berlin

KK Croatia Berlin


Nikolay Berdyayev (Rusça: Николай Александрович Бердяев, 18 Mart 1874, Kiev, Rus İmparatorluğu - 24 Mart 1948, Clamart, Fransa), çağdaş Rus Orthodoks düşünürü ve yazar.

Felsefede mantıksal ve rasyonel yöntemler yerine, sistematik olmayan, gizemli anlatım biçimlerinden yana olan Berdyayev, doğruların, rasyonel araştırmanın değil de, "tinin aşkın dünyasından sızan bir ışığın ürünü" olduklarını, insanın büyüklüğünün de, bu tinsel dünyadan ve tanrısal yaratma yeteneğinden pay almasından kaynaklandığını savunmuştur.

Biyografi
Kiev'de aristokratik bir asker ailesinde doğdu. Erken yaşlarda babasının kütüphanesinde Hegel, Schopenhauer ve Kant okudu.

1894'te Kiev Üniversitesi'ne girdi. Devrim fikrinin öğrenciler ve aydın kesimde yaygın olduğu bu dönemde Marksist oldu, bir öğrenci gösterisinde tutuklandı ve üniversiteden atıldı. Yasadışı eylemlere katılması sebebiyle üç yıllığına ülke içinde sürgüne gönderildi.

1904'te Lydia Trusheff ile evlendi. Eşiyle yerleştiği Saint Petersburg'da entelektüel ve dini tartışmalara katıldı ve Marksizm'den ayrılarak felsefe ve maneviyatla ilgilenmeye başladı.

Ortodoks Hristiyanlığa inanmakla birlikte kurumsal Kilise'yi sıklıkla eleştiren Berdyaev, 1913'te Rus Ortodoks Kilisesi'nin Kutsal Sinod'unu eleştiren sert bir makalesi sebebiyle küfürle suçlandı ve Sibirya'ya sürgüne gönderildi. I. Dünya Savaşı ve Bolşevik Devrimi konunun mahkemeye yansımasını engelledi.

Berdyaev, otoriterliği ve devletin birey özgürlüğü üzerindeki hakimiyeti sebebiyle Bolşevik rejimi desteklemedi. 1922'de Bolşevik hükûmet tarafından fikirleri sakıncalı bulunan 160 yazar, bilgin ve entelektüel ile birlikte yurtdışına sürüldü.

Diğer göçmenlerle Berlin'e ulaştı ancak Weimar Almanya'sının ekomonik ve siyasal koşulları sebebiyle kendisi ve eşi 1923'te Paris'e gittiler. Fransa'nın Alman işgaline uğraması sırasında Berdyaev, savaş sonrasında yayınlanacak olan kitaplarını yazmaya devam etti. Fransa'da kaldığı süre boyunca on beş kitap yazdı. Mart 1948'de Paris yakınlarındaki Clamart'daki evinin yazı masasında öldü.

Etkisi

Berdyaev pek çok düşünürü etkilemiş fakat eserleri genellikle tartışmalara konu olmuştur. Eserleri çoğunlukla varoluşçu felsefe ve ortodoks teolojine üye çevrelerde kabul görmüştür. Berdyaev'in özellikle Rus felsefi düşüncesinde etkileri görünen Mistik realizm denilen düşünce okuluna etkisi büyük olmuştur.

Fikirleri

Hakikat
Hakikat görüşümüz şu an nesnelleşme büyüsü altındadır. Yalnızca nesnel şekilde doğrulanabilen şeyler doğru, gerçek ve güvenilir kabul edilmektedir. Kendisini bilim ve teknoloji olarak gösteren nesnel düşüncenin hakimiyeti hem ruhun hem bireyin yaşamını yabancılaştırıp boğmaktadır.

Hakikatin iki anlamı vardır: gerçekliğin bilgisi olarak hakikat ve gerçekliğin kendisi olarak hakikat. (The Beginning and the End -1947- BE.48)

Hakikatin ölçütü nerede arayacağız? Ekseriya insanoğlu bu ölçütü hakikatten daha düşük bir şeyde, tüm yükümlülükleriyle nesnel dünyada, maddi dünyada ruhun ölçütünü arar. Böylece bir kısırdöngü içine düşer. Gidimli (Discursive) hakikat nihai hakikat için bir ölçüt sağlamaz, bu (gidimli) hakikat yalnızca yolun yarısını işaret eder ve ne başlangıcı ne sonu bilir. Her delil delilsize, postülata, yaratılmış olana dayanır. Risk vardır ve garanti yoktur. Garanti arayışı yanlıştır ve gerçekte daha yüce olanı daha aşağı olana tabi kılmak anlamına gelir. Ruhun özgürlüğü hiçbir garanti bilmez. Hakikatin nihai ölçütü kendisidir ve ışık kendisinden yayılır. (BE.49)

Hakikat insandaki ruhun uyanışı, ruhla iletişimidir. (BE,48)

Hakikat dünyadan değil ruhtandır: O yalnızca nesnel dünyayı aşmakla bilinir. Hakikat bu nesnel dünyanın sonudur ve bizden bu sonu kabullenmemizi talep eder. (BE 72)

Özgürlük
Özgürlük nihai olandır: herhangi bir şeyden doğamaz, herhangi bir şeye eşdeğer olamaz. Özgürlük varlığın temelsin köküdür, her şeyden daha derindir. (The Meaning of the Creative Act, 1916, 145)
Sıradan insanın özgürlüğü sevdiği şeklinde düşünmek hata olurdu. Bundan daha büyük hata ise özgürlüğün kolay bir şey olduğunu varsaymaktır. Özgürlük güç bir şeydir. Köle olarak kalmak daha kolaydır. (Slavery and Freedom, 1939, s.247)

Eserleri
İlk tarihler Rusçada ikinciler İngilizce ilk basımlarını göstermektedir.

 The Meaning of the Creative Act (1916) 1955
 Dostoevsky (1923) 1934
 The Meaning of History (1923) 1936
 The End of Our Time [aka The New Middle Ages] (1924) 1933
 Leontiev (1926) 1940
 A New
 Freedom and the Spirit (1927-8) 1935
 The Russian Revolution (1931) (anthology)
 The Destiny of Man 1931 (1937)
 Christianity and Class War 1931 (1933)
 The Fate of Man in the Modern World (1934) 1938
 Solitude and Society (1934) 1938
 The Bourgeois Mind 1934 (anthology)
 The Origin of Russian Communism (1937) 1955
 Christianity and Anti-semitism (1938) 1952
 Slavery and Freedom (1939)
 The Russian Idea (1946) 1947
 Spirit and Reality (1946) 1957
 The Beginning and the End(1947) 1952
 Towards a New Epoch" (1949) (anthology)
 Dream and Reality: An Essay in Autobiography (1949) 1950
 The Realm of Spirit and the Realm of Caesar (1949) 1952
 The Divine and the Human (1949) 1952
 Truth and Revelation'' (n.p.) 1953

Dış bağlantılar
 Biyografik bilgi ve Berdyaev'in Makaleleri
 Nikolai Lossky'nin Berdyaev biyografisi

Kaynakça

Berdyayev, Nikolai
Kiev doğumlular
Rus soylular
Berdyayev, Nikolai
Berdyayev, Nikolai
20. yüzyıl Rus yazarları
Doğu Ortodoks ilahiyatçılar
Hristiyan varoluşçular
Varoluşçu ilahiyatçılar
Rus antikomünistler
Rus İmparatorluğu'ndan Fransa'ya göç edenler

Nikolay Berdyayev


المستأجر (بالفرنسية Le Locataire) هو فيلم رعب فرنسي تم عرضه عام 1976 ومن إخراج رومان بولانسكي مقتبس عن قصة المستأجر الخرافي لرولاند توبور ، ومن بطولة رومان بولانسكي إيزابيل إدجاني و شيلي وينتر و ميلفين دوغلاس جوفان فيليت .

القصة
تدور أحداث الفيلم حول شاب انطوائي يدعى ترلكوفسكي (رومان بولانسكي) يستأجر شقة عاشت بها شابة حاولت الانتحار وبمرور الوقت ينعزل عن حياته اليومية وعن العالم حتي يصل به الحال إلى الأصابة بجنون الأرتياب فيشك بكل من حوله معتقدا بأنهم يسعون لقتلة .

وصلات خارجية

أفلام إثارة خارقة
أفلام إثارة فرنسية
أفلام إثارة نفسية في عقد 1970
أفلام إنتاج 1976
أفلام باراماونت بيكتشرز
أفلام باللغة الفرنسية
أفلام رعب إنتاج 1976
أفلام رعب فرنسية
أفلام سجلها فيليب ساردي
أفلام سوداء كوميدية فرنسية
أفلام فرنسية
أفلام فرنسية في عقد 1970
أفلام كتب نصها السينمائي جيرار بارش
أفلام مبنية على روايات فرنسية
أفلام متعلقة بالمثليين رعب
أفلام متعلقة بإل جي بي تي 1976
أفلام مصورة في لوكسمبورغ
أفلام من إخراج رومان بولانسكي
نصوص سينمائية كتبها رومان بولانسكي

المستأجر (فيلم)


جاءنا البيان التالي فيلم مصري كوميدي من بطولة محمد هنيدي وحنان ترك، وهو من إنتاج عام 2001

يتناول قصة نادر (25 سنه) يحلم بأن يصبح مذيع تليفزيوني. وهو حلم يسيطر عليه منذ الصغر حيث كان رئيس الإذاعة المدرسية طوال مراحل الدراسة...يقدم أوراقه لاختبار المذيعين في إحدى القنوات الفضائية.. ويطلب من أسرته وأهل الشارع الدعاء له بالنجاح ويعدهم بأن يعبر عن مشاكلهم وأحلامهم...
ويقابل في الاختبار «عفت» والتي تحلم مثله بأن تكون مذيعة تلفزيونية، وتبدأ علاقتهما من الوصلة الأولي كعلاقة شد وجذب...
يرسب الاثنان (نادر وعفت) في اختبار المذيعين ولكنهما ينجحان كمحرري أخبار.. ويستمر «نادر» في محاولاته التي لا توصله الا لخطوة المراسل التلفزيوني.. وبالفعل يسافر لتغطية حرب الشيشان ولكنه يتوه في جبال الثلج.. وأيضا يسافر للضفة الغربية لتغطية أحداث الانتفاضة ولكنه يشترك مع الشباب الفلسطينى في إلقاء الحجارة على الجيش الإسرائيلي.. مما يتسبب في فصله من القناة..ولكن يتسبب أيضا في بداية إعجاب «عفت» بشخصيته الجريئة التي تعبر عن رأى الجماهير الحقيقي..
وينجح «نادر» في العودة لعمله، ويشترك مع «عفت» في أحد التقارير الأخبارية التي تعبر عن مشاكل الناس.. ولكن رئيس القناة يطلب منهما تغيير التقرير وتزييف رأى الناس حتى لا يصطدم بالحكومة..

والفيلم مقتبس جزئيا من الفيلم الأمريكي «أنا أحب المشاكل» "I Love Trouble " من إنتاج 1994 ومن بطولة نيك نولت وجوليا روبرتس،

طاقم العمل

إخراج: سعيد حامد

سيناريو وحوار: محمد أمين

مونتاج: مها رشدي

موسيقي تصويرية: مودي الإمام

مدير التصوير: مصطفى عز الدين

البطولة

محمد هنيدي - في دور نادر سيف الدين، إعلامي ومراسل

حنان ترك - في دور عفت الشربيني، إعلامية ومراسلة

أحمد خليل - في دور رياض غانم

لطفي لبيب - في دور فخري كامل رئيس القناة

نهال عنبر - في دور كاميليا

محمد يوسف - في دور عامل ساعي بمحطة الحقيقة للأخبار

محمد كامل - في دور فؤاد صالح

طلعت زكريا - في دور عفيفي

سليمان عيد - في دور علاء

رشدي المهدي - في دور عدوي والد نادر

عصمت محمود - في دور فوزية والدة نادر

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

أفلام مصرية إنتاج 2001
أفلام حنان ترك
أفلام محمد هنيدي
أفلام نهال عنبر
أفلام كوميدية مصرية
أفلام كوميدية في 2001

جاءنا البيان التالي (فيلم)


El Observatorio de La Ametlla de Mar es un observatorio astronómico localizado en la ciudad española de La Ametlla de Mar en la provincia de Tarragona con el Código de Observatorio 946. Está gestionado y participa en el Grupo de Astronomía de Asteroides (Grup d'Estudis Astronòmics, GEA).

Descubrimientos

Entre 2001 y 2002 se descubrieron doce asteroides, acreditados al observatorio; a finales de 2016 todos estaban numerados pero sin nombre asignado.

Véase también

 Objetos astronómicos descubiertos desde el Observatorio de La Ametlla de Mar

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Sitio web del Observatorio

L'Ametlla de Mar
Descubridores de asteroides
Provincia de Tarragona

Observatorio de La Ametlla de Mar


U 561 war ein deutsches Unterseeboot des Typs VII C, das durch die deutsche Kriegsmarine während des U-Boot-Krieges im Zweiten Weltkrieg im Nordatlantik und im Mittelmeer eingesetzt wurde. Diese U-Bootklasse wurde auch "Atlantikboot" genannt.

Einsätze
Seine ersten beiden Unternehmungen führten das Boot in den Nordatlantik und auf Patrouille vor Irland. Während einer dritten, kürzeren Fahrt im November 1941 gab U 561 dem heimkehrenden Hilfskreuzer Komet Geleitschutz. Ziel der folgenden Unternehmung war das Passieren der Straße von Gibraltar, was am 15. Januar 1942 gelang. Ab Frühjahr 1942 war U 561 im Einsatz im Mittelmeer und hauptsächlich mit Minenunternehmungen beauftragt. Mitte April führte Kommandant Bartels mit U 561 eine Minenoperation im östlichen Mittelmeer durch. Das Boot errichtete durch die Positionierung von 20 Minen eine Minensperre nördlich von Port Said. Am 14. Mai 1942 sanken die griechischen Dampfer Mount Olympos und Fred, sowie der norwegische Dampfer Hav mit insgesamt 15.797 BRT durch Kollision mit den Minen dieser Sperre. Kommandant Bartels übergab im Herbst das Kommando an Heinz Schomburg. Letzterer führte das Boot auf weitere sechs Unternehmungen. Im Spätsommer 1943 übernahm Fritz Henning das Kommando.

Zeichen des Bootes
Wie die meisten deutschen U-Boote seiner Zeit führte auch U 561 ein bootsspezifisches Zeichen. Diese Symbole wurden von der Besatzung – oft bereits während er Ausbildungszeit – ausgewählt, am Turm an gebracht und als Stickerei oder als Blechabzeichen an den Uniformmützen und Schiffchen getragen. U 561 trug am Turm ein V, das Flottillenzeichen der 24. U-Flottille. Zudem war das Wappen der Stadt Wuppertal am Turm angebracht. Hierbei handelte es sich um die Patenstadt des Bootes.

Versenkung
Das Boot sank nach einem Torpedoangriff des MTB 81 in der Straße von Messina (). Kommandant Fritz Henning – auf seiner ersten Feindfahrt mit diesem Boot – überlebte und konnte gerettet werden.

U 561 war das einzige deutsche U-Boot, das im Zweiten Weltkrieg von einem britischen Küstenschutzschiff versenkt wurde.

Literatur und Quellen
 Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: Der U-Boot-Krieg 1939–1945. Band 1: Die deutschen U-Boot-Kommandanten. E. S. Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg u. a. 1996, ISBN 3-8132-0490-1.
 Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: Der U-Boot-Krieg 1939–1945. Band 3: Deutsche U-Boot-Erfolge von September 1939 bis Mai 1945. E. S. Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg u. a. 2001, ISBN 3-8132-0513-4.
 Paul Kemp: Die deutschen und österreichischen U-Boot-Verluste in beiden Weltkriegen. Urbes Verlag, Gräfelfing vor München 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7.

Einzelnachweise

Typ VII C
U-Boot im Zweiten Weltkrieg
Schiffsverlust im Zweiten Weltkrieg
Schiffsverlust 1943
Blohm + Voss
U561

U 561


Bent Krog, né le  à Copenhague et mort le , est un footballeur international danois. Il évoluait au poste de milieu de terrain.

Biographie

En club

Bent Krog est joueur du Kjøbenhavns Boldklub de 1953 à 1961.

En compétitions européennes, il joue trois rencontres pour un but marqué en Coupe des clubs champions et cinq matchs pour aucun but marqué en Coupe des villes de foire.

En équipe nationale

International danois, il reçoit cinq sélections pour aucun but marqué en équipe du Danemark en 1965.

Son premier match a lieu le  contre l'Allemagne de l'Est (match nul 1-1 à Copenhague).

Son dernier match en sélection a lieu le  dans le cadre du Championnat nordique contre la Finlande (victoire 9-1 à Copenhague).

Palmarès
 Danemark
 Jeux olympiques :
  Argent : 1960.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Footballeur international danois
Joueur du Copenhague BK
Médaillé d'argent olympique danois
Footballeur aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1960
Naissance en mars 1935
Naissance à Copenhague
Décès en août 2004
Décès à 69 ans

Bent Krog