The following outline is provides an overview of Sikhism, or Sikhi (its endonym).

Sikhism has been described as being either a panentheistic or monotheistic religion—emphasizing universal selflessness and brotherhood—founded in the 15th century upon the teachings of Guru Nanak and the ten succeeding Gurus. It is the fifth-largest organized religion in the world, and one of the fastest-growing.

The sacred text and last Guru of Sikhism, Guru Granth Sahib, teaches humans how to unite with the all cosmic soul; with God, the creator: "Only those who selflessly love everyone, they alone shall find God."

Scripture and literature

Scripture
 Guru Granth Sahib — the sacred text and last Guru of Sikhism
Asa Di Var — 24 stanzas used as a morning prayer
Bhattan De Savaiye
Japji Sahib — the first 8 pages of the Guru Granth Sahib, consisting of hymns composed by Guru Nanak.
Kirtan Sohila
Laavaan — the four hymns of the Anand Karaj (Sikh wedding ceremony)
Mul Mantar — the opening words of the Guru Granth Sahib, citing the basic statement of creed in Sikhism.
Rehras — evening prayer
Sukhmani Sahib ('Psalm of Peace') — a popular set of hymns in the Guru Granth Sahib, divided into 24 sections
Ragmala
Dasam Granth — the secondary holy book of Sikhism
33 Savaiye
Benti Chaupai
Chandi di Var
Jaap Sahib — a morning prayer consisting of an introductory sloka, 38 stanzas (pauris), and a concluding sloka attributed by some to Guru Angad.
Tav-Prasad Savaiye (or Amrit Savaiye) — short composition of 10 stanzas, as part of nitnem
Sarbloh Granth — a voluminous scripture consisting of more than 6,500 poetic stanzas, considered as amalgamation of the writings of poets including Guru Gobind Singh.
Varan Bhai Gurdas — the name given to the 40 vaars (a form of Punjabi poetry) wrriten attributed by Bhai Gurdas, providing early concepts of Sikhism and Sikh living.

Sikh literature

 Guru Maneyo Granth — historic statement of the 10th Guru, Guru Gobind Singh
Janamsakhi — non-canonical history of Guru Nanak
 Bala Janamsakhi — a collection of janamsakhis by Bhai Bala (generally accepted as authoritative).
 Mani Singh Janamsakhi or Gyan ratanavali — a collection dating from the time of the last Guru.
 Miharban Janamsakhi — janamsakhis written by the followers of Prithi Chand.
 Puratan Janamsakhi — an early collection of janamsakhis by an unknown author.
 Panth Parkash — non-canonical Sikh history
Suraj Parkash — non-canonical Sikh history
 Zafarnama — letter by Guru Gobind Singh to Aurangzeb

Associated terms
Ardās
Bhagat Bani — any of the writings that appear in the Guru Granth Sahib which were not written by the Gurus.
Gurbani (abbreviated as bani) — general term for Gurus' writings
 Gutka — a small sized breviary or prayer book containing chosen hymns (banis) from Sikh scriptures
Nitnem — daily recitations
Paath
Savaiya — a form of poetry written in praise of someone, in which every verse is 1/4 times the length of a common verse.
Shabda — the hymns contained in Sikh scriptures.
Sloka — 'stanza'; the Sanskrit epic metre formed of 32 syllables: verses of 2 lines (distich) of 16 syllables each or in 4 half-lines (hemistich) of 8 syllables each.

Philosophy and beliefs

Waheguru — God
Akal
Akal Purakh
Ik Onkar (or Ek Onkar)
Monoism
Nirguna
Nirbau, Nirvair — Without fear and Without hate
Sarav viāpak
Sarguna
Satguru — 'true God'
Satnam — '[God's] name is true'
3 pillars of Sikhism
 Naam Japo — meditation on the name of God
 Kirat Karo — earning a living honestly, without exploitation or fraud
 Vand Chhako — sharing with others; helping those with less or those who are in need
5 Virtues
Sat — 'truth'
Santokh — 'contentment, satisfaction'
Daya — 'compassion, kindness'
Nimrata — 'humility, benevolence'
Pyaar — 'love'
Bole So Nihal
Charhdi Kala — the aspiration to maintain a mental state of eternal optimism and joy.
Five Thieves
 Kaam — 'lust'
 Krodh — 'anger, wrath'
 Lobh — 'greed'
 Moh — 'attachment'
 Hankaar — 'ego, pride'
 Gurmat
Hukam
Idolatry in Sikhism
Khalsa — 'pure'
Nirguni bhakti
Raj Karega Khalsa
Sarbat da bhalla — welfare (bhalla) of mankind (sarbat)
Seva — selfless service
Shakti
Sikh Rehat Maryada – code of conduct
Simran — the remembrance of Waheguru.

Relation to other religions

Hinduism and Sikhism
Islam and Sikhism
Jainism and Sikhism

Practices and culture

 Amrit — elixir of immortality; the sanctified nectar or sugar water substitute used in ceremonies. It is prepared by stirring it in an iron bowl with the double-edged sword and continuous recitation of five banis by the five selected members of the Khalsa.
Dasvand — a kind of Sikh tithe; the act of donating 10% of one's harvest, both financially and in the form of time and service (i.e., seva) to the Gurdwara and community.
Five Ks — five articles of faith worn by baptised, or khalsa, Sikhs:
Kesh — uncut hair
Kangha — a comb
Kara — a circular iron bracelet
Kirpan — a small dagger
Kachera — special underwear short
Kirtan — musical recitation
 Langar — communal kitchen where free food is distributed to all comers
Pangat
Naam Japo — meditation on the name of God
Jaap — 'recitation'
Prohibitions (kurahit kurahat), including:
Cutting, trimming, shaving or removing hairs from one's body — Sikhs practice kesh, allowing their hair to grow out naturally in respect to God's creation
Intoxication
Castism
Kutha meat — eating meat killed in a ritualistic manner (particularly halal or kosher meat), or any meat where langar is served (except jatkha meat).
Seva — selfless service
Sevadar — one who volunteers
Kar seva
Kar sevak
Sikh Rehat Maryada — code of conduct

Sikh ceremonies
 Anand Karaj ('blissful union, joyful union') — the Sikh marriage ceremony, first introduced by Guru Amar Das.
Akhand Path — continuous reading of Sri Guru Granth Sahib, either in honour of a particular occasion or simply to increase one's feeling of connection to God. Akhand Paths can be held, for example, in honour of a birth/birthday, wedding/anniversary, recovery from a medical operation, death, or a historic occasion; to celebrate the achievement of a goal such as a graduation or passing the driving test; or in chasing away evil spirits and curses, etc.
Amrit Sanchar — baptism into the Khalsa tradition
 Antam Sanskar — funeral rites
Naam Karan — child's naming ceremony
Sadharan Paath

Sikh festivals

 Bandi Chhor Divas — a celebration during Diwali
 Gurpurab — the celebration of an anniversary of a Guru's birth, particularly that of Guru Nanak.
Guru Ladho Re Diwas
Mela Maghi
Nagar Kirtan
Vasakhi — a festival during late Spring

General Sikh culture
 Dastar — turban (pagri); an inseparable part of Sikh dress that is mandatory for Sikh males according to Guru Granth Sahib and the Sikh Rehat Maryada.
Diet in Sikhism
Gatka — Sikh martial art
Idolatry in Sikhism
Karah Parshad
Khanda — an Indian-double edged sword that is used as the primary symbol of the Sikh faith. It appears on the Nishan Sahib that flies over gurdwaras.
Kirtan — musical recitation
Nanakshahi calendar — the calendar used in Sikhism
Chet
Vaisakh
Jeth
Harh
Sawan
Bhadon
Assu
Katak
Maghar
Poh
Magh
Phagun
Punjabi language
Gurmukhi — the written form of Punjabi used in the Sikh scriptures (and in Punjab, India, more generally) propagated by Guru Nanak and Guru Angad. It is contrast to shahmukhi, which is the Islamic script for Punjabi (used in Punjab, Pakistan).
Sant Bhasha
Ragi — Sikh musician who performs hymns
Sikhism and sexual orientation

Sikh geography

 Akal Takhat ('Eternal Throne') — nominal seat of Sikh temporal/political authority.
 Amritsar — the holy city of Sikhism, home to 1.5 million in the northwestern part of India.
Harmandir Sahib (or Golden Temple) — the holy shrine of Sikhs; the spiritual and cultural center of the Sikh religion, found in Amritsar.
 Anandpur Sahib — the birthplace of the Khalsa
Virasat-e-Khalsa — a Sikh museum in Anandpur
 Goindval Sahib
 Kartarpur — seat of Guru Nanak's first school.
 Nankana Sahib — birthplace of Guru Nanak
Patna Sahib
 Samadhi of Ranjit Singh — a building in Lahore, Pakistan that houses the funerary urns of Sikh ruler Ranjit Singh
Takht

Sikhism by country

 Sikhism in Australia
 Sikhism in Afghanistan
 Sikhs in Belgium
 Sikhism in Canada
 Sikhs in Fiji
 Sikhism in India
 Sikhism in New Zealand
 Sikhism in Pakistan
 Sikhism in Thailand
 Sikhism in the United Arab Emirates
 Sikhism in the United Kingdom
 Sikhism in the United States

Gurdwaras

In India

The Harmandir Sahib (or Golden Temple) is the holy shrine of Sikhs; the spiritual and cultural center of the Sikh religion, found in Amritsar. The Shiromani Gurudwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) is the organization responsible for the management of gurdwaras in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh, and the union territory of Chandigarh

Other gurdwaras in India include:
 Gurdwara Bangla Sahib
 Gurdwara Sri Tarn Taran Sahib
 Goindwal Sahib

In the United States

 Gurdwara Sahib Fremont
 Sikh Gurdwara - San Jose
 Sikh Religious Society of Chicago

Gurdwaras in Pakistan

 Kartarpur — seat of Guru Nanak's first school.
 Nankana Sahib — birthplace of Guru Nanak.

Other gurdwaras
 Gurdwaras in Canada
Khalsa Diwan Sikh Temple (Hong Kong)
Gurdwara Sahib Klang (Malaysia)
 Central Sikh Temple — the first gurdwara in Singapore
 Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Southall (London)

Other Sikh institutions
 Damdami Taksal
Guru Nanak Dev University
 Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science & Commerce
 Khalsa College, Amritsar
Pingalwara
 Satnam Trust
Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund
Sikh Phulwari
Sikh Reference Library
Thai Sikh International School

Sikh politics, military, and administration

Organizations

All India Sikh Students Federation
 British Sikh Student Federation
Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee
Ghadar Party
Haryana State Akali Dal
Punjab Janata Morcha
Shiromani Akali Dal
Sarb Hind Shiromani Akali Dal
Shiromani Akali Dal (Amristsar)
 Shiromani Akali Dal Delhi
Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)
 Shiromani Akali Dal (Longowal)
 Shiromani Akali Dal (Panthik)
 Shiromani Gurudwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) — the organization responsible for the management of gurdwaras in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh, and the union territory of Chandigarh
Sikh Manji — Sikh administrative unit
United Sikhs
World Sikh Organization

Military

Misl
Piri System
Sant Sipahi
Sikh Empire
Sikh Khalsa Army
Sikh Light Infantry
 Sikh Regiment

Movements
 Akali movement
 Babbar Akali movement
Ghadar movement
 Khalistan movement — a separatist movement to create a Sikh homeland, often named Khālistān (, , 'Land of the Khalsa'), composed of the Punjab region of modern-day India and Pakistan.
 Singh Sabha Movement

History of Sikhism

 1469–1539 — Time of Guru Nanak
1606 — Guru Arjan executed succeeded bu Guru Hargobind who start the Sikh martial tradition.
1675 — Guru Tegh Bahadur executed for protesting for religious freedom
1699 — Khalsa Sajana Divas
1708 — Guru Granth Sahib becomes eternal Guru
1710–1715 — Banda Singh's Raj
1716–1799 — Sikh Confederacy
1752–1801 — Sukerchakia
1746 — Chhota Ghallughara ('small massacre') — a massacre of a significant proportion of the Sikh population by the Mughal Empire, in which Jaspat Rai's brother Lakhpat Rai with the Mughal army killed an estimated 7,000 Sikhs died.
1762 — Vadda Ghalughara ('large massacre') — a mass-murder of unarmed Sikhs by the Afghan forces of the Durrani Empire, during the years of Afghan influence in the Punjab region.
1799–1849 — Sikh Empire
1845–46 — First Anglo-Sikh War
1848–49 — Second Anglo-Sikh War
1897 — Battle of Saragarhi — a last-stand battle during the British Raj
1919 April 13 — Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre (or Amritsar Massacre)
1920–25 — Akali movement
1984 June 1–8 — Operation Blue Star — a military operation inside the Harmandar Sahib
1984 November — 1984 anti-Sikh riots
2012 August 5 — Wisconsin Sikh temple shooting

Battles

 1621 — Battle of Rohilla
 1634 — Battle of Lahira
 1634 — Battle of Amritsar (1634)
 1635 — Battle of Kartarpur
 1686 September — Battle of Bhangani
 1691 — Battle of Nadaun
 1696 — Battle of Guler
 1700 — Battle of Anandpur (1700)
 1700 — Second Battle of Anandpur
 1701 — Battle of Anandpur (1701)
 1702 — Battle of Basoli
 1702 — Battle of Nirmohgarh
 1702 — First Battle of Chamkaur.
 1704 — First Battle of Anandpur (1704)
 1704 December — Battle of Sarsa
 1704 December 6 — Second Battle of Chamkaur.
 1705 December 29 — Battle of Muktsar
 1709 — Battle of Sonepat
 1709 — Battle of Samana
 1710 — Battle of Sadhaura
 1710 — Battle of Rahon
 1710 — Battle of Jalalabad
 1710 May — Battle of Chappar Chiri
 1710 December — Battle of Lohgarh
 1712 — Battle of Jammu
 1715 — Siege of Gurdaspur
1715 April — Battle of Gurdas Nangal
 1757 — Battle of Amritsar (1757)
 1759 — Battle of Lahore (1759)
 1761 — Battle of Sialkot (1761)
 1761 — Battle of Gujranwala
 1761 — Sikh Occupation of Lahore
1762 — Battle of Harnaulgarh
1762 February 5 — Battle of Kup
 1763 —Battle of Sialkot (1763)
 1764 —Battle of Sirhind
 1783 — Capture of Delhi and Red Fort
1809 March–August — Gurkha-Sikh War
 1813 July 13 — Battle of Attock
1818 March–June — Battle of Multan
1819 July 3 — Battle of Shopian
 1834 — Battle of Peshawar
 1837 — Battle of Jamrud
1841–42 — Sino-Sikh War
1845 December — Battle of Mudki
1845 December — Battle of Ferozeshah
 1846 — Battle of Baddowal
 1846 January — Battle of Aliwal
 1846 February — Battle of Sobraon
1848 November — Battle of Ramnagar
1848 April–1849 January — Siege of Multan
1849 January — Battle of Chillianwala
 1849 — Battle of Gujrat
1897 — Battle of Saragarhi

People
Sikhs are members of the Sikh religion. A sangat is a society or congregation of Sikhs.

Titles and labels

Amritdhari — baptized Sikh; anyone who has been initiated into the Khalsa, according to Sikh Reht Maryada.
Brahmgiani — highly enlightened individual who has obtained the ultimate blessings of Waheguru.
Granthi — the Sikh that reads Guru Granth Sahib
Gurmukh — a person who is spiritually centered. A person who lives within the will of God and accepts all good and bad that happens to one's self without question or annoyance. A gurmukh stands in contrast to a manmukh.
Gursikh
Gyani
Jathedar
Jathedar of Akal Takht
Kar sevak
Manmukh — a self-centered person, contrast to gurmukh. A person who lives within the will of the Mind as opposed to the will of god.
Nihang — a warrior Sikh
Nirankari — an offshoot of Sikhism
Patit — apostate
Sahajdhari — unbaptized Sikh.
Sant Sipahi
Sardar — a word contemporarily used to address or denote a turban-wearing Sikh male. The term initially used by Sikh leaders and generals who held important positions in various Sikh Misls of the Sikh Empire.
Sevadar — one who volunteers for seva
Shaheed — title used before the name of a person who has died as a Sikh martyr.
Saka Sirhind
Sikh names
Kaur ('princess') — the middle name or surname given to Sikh females
Singh ('lion') — the middle name or surname given to Sikh males
Udasi — a religious sect of ascetic sadhus who were key interpreters of the Sikh philosophy and the custodians of important Sikh shrines until the Akali movement. Modern-day udasis consider themselves more to be Hindu rather than Sikhs.

Sikh Gurus

 Guru Nanak Dev — According to the traditional historical Sikh sources Guru Nanak Dev appeared on earth in the month of Katak Oct/November 1469 which is celebrated every year in the month of October/November. The SGPC which was founded in 1925, states the avtar date as 15 April 1469. The Sikhs believe that all subsequent Gurus possessed Guru Nanak's divinity and the one spirit of Akaal Purakh Waheguru.
Guru Angad Dev (1504–52) — disciple of Guru Nanak Dev and second of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Amar Das (1479–1574) — third of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Ram Das ( 1534–81) — fourth of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Arjan Dev (1563–1605) — fifth of the ten Sikh Gurus.  He was arrested and executed by Jahangir in 1605.
Guru Har Gobind (1596–1638) — son of Guru Arjan Dev and the sixth of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Har Rai (1630–61) — grandson of Guru Har Gobind and seventh of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Har Krishan (1656–64) — son of Guru Har Rai and eighth of the ten Sikh Gurus.
Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621–75) — grand uncle of Guru Har Krishan and ninth of the ten Sikh Gurus. He was executed on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi.
Guru Gobind Singh(1666–1708) — son of Guru Tegh Bahadur and tenth of the ten Sikh Gurus.  He named the holy scripture, as his successor
Guru Granth Sahib — the spiritual religious text of Sikhism, said to be the sole and final successor of the line of gurus. It is the eternal living Guru. the final and eternal guru of the Sikhs.

Notable people

 Pre-1400
Jayadeva — a Sanskrit poet who is the earliest-dated author of two hymns in the Guru Granth Sahib.
1400–1499
 Bhagat Beni
Bhai Mardana — Guru Nanak's constant Muslim companion, musician, and composer of Sikh hymns.
 Bhai Lalo
 Bibi Nanki — Guru Nanak's sister and often considered his first disciple.
 Sri Chand — Guru Nanak's son and founder of an early Sikh sect.
 1500–1599
 Baba Buddha — one of the most revered Sikh saints and anointer of several of the early Sikh Gurus.
 Bhai Gurdas — one of the most revered Sikh saints and writer of the Vars.
 Bhai Bala
 Mian Mir
 1600–1699
 Panj Pyare (or Panj Piare; literally 'five beloved ones') — the title given to five Sikhs by Guru Gobind Singh at the historic divan at Anandpur Sahib on 30 March 1699, forming the nucleus of the Khalsa as the first batch to receive at his hands Khanda di Pahul (i.e. rites of the two-edged sword). These five Sikhs were:
 Bhai Daya Singh
 Bhai Dharam Singh
 Bhai Himmat Singh
 Bhai Mohkam Singh
 Bhai Sahib Singh
Moti Ram Mehra
 Bhai Mani Singh
 Pir Budhan Shah
 Baba Bidhi Chand
 Bhai Kanhaiya
Chhotte Sahibzade
 1700–1799
 Banda Singh Bahadur
 Baba Deep Singh
 Bhai Taru Singh
 Tara Singh Wan
 Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
 Jassa Singh Ramgarhia
 1800–1899
 Akali Phula Singh
 Baba Nand Singh ji
 Maharajah Ranjit Singh
 Nawab Kapur Singh
 Baba Ram Singh
 Pundit Tara Singh
 1900–1999
 Bhagat Puran Singh
 G. B. Singh
Baba Gurdit Singh
 Giani Gurdit Singh
 H. S. Phoolka
Sant Baba Harnam Singh
 Ishar Singh
Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha
Bhai Randhir Singh
Giani Sant Singh Maskeen
Bhai Vir Singh

General concepts

 Brahmavidya — knowledge of the Divine
 Vand Chhako — charity (or daan); one of the three petitions, alongside naam and ishnan.
 Dasvand — 10% of earnings donated to the less advantaged.
 Gurbani (abbreviated as bani) — verses; applied to any of the collective writings of the Sikh Gurus that appear in the Guru Granth Sahib.
 Gurdwara (or gurudwara; literally 'God's door, God's place') — Sikh place of worship
 Ik Onkar (or Ek Onkar) — One formless, genderless universal Lord called Wahguru
 Ishnan — , purification of body and mind; one of the three petitions, alongside naam and daan.
 Jaap — recite.
 Kirat Karo — earning a living honestly, without exploitation or fraud
 Laavaan
 Naam — remembrance of the Divine name
Naam Japo — meditation on the name of God
 Takhat
 Tankhah — social offense, such as giving dowry, using liquors and intoxicants, raising monuments over graves, and associating with apostates.

Pop culture

 Chaar Sahibzaade: Rise of Banda Singh Bahadur
 Sarbloh Warriors — a computer game based around Sikh resistance against Mughal rule
 Singh Is Kinng (2008)

See also
 Glossary of Sikhism (alphabetical)
 Interfaith dialog

References

External links

 Sikh Philosophy Network An Online Sikh Discussion Forum
 Sikh-heritage.co.uk

 1

Outlines of religions
Outlines

Outline of Sikhism


Prvenstvo Nogometnog saveza općine Split je bila liga petog ranga natjecanja nogometnog prvenstva Jugoslavije u sezoni 1984./85.
Sudjelovalo je 10 klubova, a prvak je bio Tekstilac iz Sinja.

Ljestvica

Rezultatska križaljka

Izvori:

Povezani članci
 Dalmatinska nogometna liga – Splitska skupina 1984./85.

Izvori
 Jurica Gizdić: NK Dugopolje 1952. – 2002. : 50 godina nogometa u Dugopolju, Dugopolje, 2002., str. 72-73
 nk-oskotok.bloger.index.hr, NK OSK Otok - Sezone OSK-a kroz povijest (SFRJ) , objavljeno 9. lipnja 2011., pristupljeno 28. listopada 2017.

1984-85
1984-85 Split
Split

Prvenstvo NSO Split 1984./85.


La Beauté du monde est un film français réalisé par Cheyenne Carron et sorti en 2021.

Il fait partie d'un dyptique qui a débuter avec Jeunesse aux cœurs ardents en 2018 et s'est poursuit avec les films : Le Soleil Reviendra (2020) et se concluera avec Je m'abandonne à toi (2023).

Synopsis
Un militaire revenant de mission et souffrant de stress post-traumatique peine à trouver ses repères dans la société.

Fiche technique
 Titre : La Beauté du monde
 Réalisation : Cheyenne Carron
 Scénario : Cheyenne Carron
 Photographie : Aurélien Dubois
 Costumes : Marina Massocco
 Décors : Vincent Brière
 Son : Jérôme Schmitt
 Mixage : Mikaël Barre
 Montage : Yannis Polinacci
 Production : Hésiode Productions
 Pays :
 Durée :
 Date de sortie : France -

Distribution
 François Pouron
 Fanny Ami
 Mael Castro Di Gregorio
 Johnny Amaro

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Jean-Max Méjean, Beauté du monde (la) (2021) sur Jeune Cinéma

Liens externes

Film français sorti en 2021
Film dramatique français
Film sur la Légion étrangère
Film réalisé par Cheyenne Carron

La Beauté du monde (film, 2021)


بلدية دوس توريس ، هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة قرطبة إحدى مقاطعات إسبانيا، و التي تقع في منطقة الأندلس جنوب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 2.601 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2007).

أعلام

 ألفارو ميدران

مراجع

بلديات قرطبة

دوس توريس (قرطبة)


Philipp Andreas Kilian, né le  à Augsbourg et mort  dans la même ville, est un graveur.

Biographie
Philipp Andreas Kilian naît le  à Augsbourg.

Il est un des fils de Georg. Après avoir appris l'art de graver sous la direction de Friderich et de Martin Preesler, il parcourt l'Allemagne, et séjourne dans les Pays-Bas pour se perfectionner dans son art auprès des principaux maîtres. De retour dans sa ville natale, il y est nommé graveur de la cour de Saxe par Auguste III, roi de Pologne, qui cherche en vain à l'attirer à Dresde.

Philipp Andreas Kilian meurt  dans sa ville natale.

Œuvres
Après avoir gravé plusieurs planches pour la galerie du comte de Brühl, ainsi que pour la galerie de Dresde, Philipp Andreas Kilian publie, sous le titre de Picturæ Veteris et Novi Testamenti, un recueil estimé de cent trente gravures, représentant les principaux sujets bibliques d'après les peintres les plus célèbres.

Parmi ses autres gravures, on remarque : Les quatre Docteurs de l'Église, d'après Dosso Dossi; La Vierge dans sa Gloire, d'après le Corrége; Le Christ chassant les marchands du temple, d'après Bassano; La Femme adultère, d'après le Tintoret; L'Adoration des Mages, d'après P. Véronèse; Sainte Cécile, d'après Carlo Dolce; Les hauts Faits des Médicis, d'après les fresques de Franceschini, 10 feuilles; — les portraits de
François 1er, empereur d'Allemagne, de Frédéric le Grand, de Ferdinand de Brunswick, de la comtesse de Hohenlohe, de son beau-père Engelbrecht, etc..

Références

Annexes

Article connexe
 Famille Kilian

Bibliographie

Classement par ordre chronologique :

  (original numérisé)

Liens externes

Naissance en octobre 1714
Naissance à Augsbourg
Décès en janvier 1759
Décès à Augsbourg
Décès à 44 ans
Graveur allemand du XVIIIe siècle
Graveur sur cuivre

Philipp Andreas Kilian


Øjeblik har flere betydninger:

 Øjeblik - et tidsbegreb
 "Øjeblik" - et digt af Morten Nielsen
 Øjeblikket - en dansk film fra 1960 instrueret af Astrid Henning-Jensen

Øjeblik (flertydig)


Die evangelische Kirche ist ein denkmalgeschütztes Kirchengebäude in Gahlen, einem Ortsteil von Schermbeck im Kreis Wesel (Nordrhein-Westfalen). Sie ist eine der beiden Predigtstätten der Evangelischen Kirchengemeinde Gahlen im Kirchenkreis Dinslaken der Evangelischen Kirche im Rheinland.

Geschichte und Architektur
Die Kirche war ursprünglich dem Patrozinium des hl. Petrus unterstellt. Sie ist aus einer Eigenkirche hervorgegangen. 1380 wurde sie Pfarrkirche. Die Kirchengemeinde ist eine der ältesten rechtsrheinischen Gemeinden der Landeskirche. Sie entstand in merowingisch-karolingischer Zeit. Die Gemeinde wurde 1552 aus eigenem Antrieb lutherisch. Sie schloss sich 1817 der Union in der Evangelischen Kirche in Preußen an. Die zweischiffige, spätgotische Backsteinkirche steht direkt am Rehrbach. Sie wurde am Ende des 12. Jahrhunderts aus Bruchstein errichtet. Der romanische Wehrturm ist vorgesetzt. Reste der einschiffigen Vorgängerkirche sind noch im Hauptschiff erhalten. Der Umbau zur kreuzrippengewölbten Kirche mit einem Chor aus einem Joch und 5/8-Schluss wurde 1514 vorgenommen. Wenig später wurde das nördliche Seitenschiff angebaut. Bei einer umfassenden Renovierung von 1855 bis 1857 wurde im nördlichen Chorwinkel die Sakristei angebaut. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde die Kirche beschädigt und bis 1956 wiederhergestellt.

Ausstattung
 Auf einem schlanken Fuß steht im Chor ein spätgotischer Wandtabernakel mit einem Wimperg in rechteckiger Maßwerkblende und einem Durchsteckgitter.
 Die geschnitzte Kanzel im Ohrmuschel- und Knorpelstil ist von 1654. Die originale Fassung in Schwarz und Rot mit Vergoldung ist noch erhalten. Am Kanzelkorb sind Tafelgemälde mit Darstellungen aus dem Leben Jesu angebracht. Der Schalldeckel ist mit einem Pelikan bekrönt. Die Kanzel wurde 1855 ergänzt.

Literatur
 Claudia Euskirchen, Olaf Gisbertz, Ulrich Schäfer (Bearb.): Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Band I: Rheinland. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03093-X.

Weblinks

 Geschichte der Kirche (abgerufen am 15. März 2012)
 Foto (abgerufen am 15. März 2012)

Gahlen
Schermbeck
Gahlen
Schermbeck
Baudenkmal in Schermbeck
Schermbeck
Gahlen

Evangelische Kirche Gahlen


Etarscél [], auch Eterscél Mór [], Etarscéle und Eterscéle, ist der Name eines Königs aus der keltischen Mythologie und Geschichte Irlands.

Etarscél ist in den Erzählungen des Ulster-Zyklus der Sohn von König Íar mac Dedad und der Schwiegersohn des Königs Eochaid Airem, dem er auch auf den Thron folgte. In der Sage Togail Bruidne Da Derga ("Die Zerstörung der Halle Da Dergas") ist er der Vater Conaire Mórs, den er mit seiner Gattin Mes Buachalla gezeugt hat. In einer anderen Version ist nicht Etarscél selbst der Vater, sondern Mes Buachalla wird von einem Unbekannten geschwängert, der als Vogel durch das Fenster in ihr Schlafgemach eindringt.

Etarscéls Herrschaftszeit wird im Lebor Gabála Érenn ("Buch der Landnahme Irlands") als gleichzeitig mit dem römischen Kaiser Augustus (63 v. Chr. – 14 n. Chr.), mit Christi Geburt sowie den berühmten irischen Königen Conchobar mac Nessa, Cairbre Nia-Fer, Cú Roí und Ailill mac Máta genannt. In Seathrún Céitinns Werk Foras feasa ar Éirinn ("Geschichte Irlands") wird sie mit 70 – 64 v. Chr., in den Annála Ríoghdhachta Éireann ("Annalen der vier Meister") mit 116 – 111 v. Chr. angegeben.

Etarscél regiert nach der Legende fünf bis sechs Jahre und wird in der Schlacht von Aillenn vom Usurpator Nuadu Necht getötet, der sechs Monate später von Conaire Mór erschlagen wird. Dadurch wird Conaire Mór der Nachfolger seines Vaters Etarscél als Hochkönig.

Siehe auch
 Liste keltischer Götter und Sagengestalten
 Mythen und Sagen aus Irland

Literatur
 Bernhard Maier: Lexikon der keltischen Religion und Kultur (= Kröners Taschenausgabe. Band 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5, S. 119.

Irische Sagengestalt
Mythischer Herrscher
Ulster-Zyklus

Etarscél


Olaylar

Doğumlar
 31 Ağustos - Caligula, Roma İmparatoru (ö. 41)

Ölümler

als:10er#12

12


Nizar Khalil Muhammad Banat (Abou Kifah, 27 août 1978 - 24 juin 2021) est un militant politique palestinien et défenseur des droits humains. Il est l'un des militants les plus en vue de l'opposition à l'Autorité palestinienne, attaquant ses politiques et les personnes qu'il qualifiait de corrompues. Banat était à la tête de la liste Liberté et Dignité. Il a été battu à mort par une escouade des forces de sécurité de l'Autorité palestinienne intervenue en pleine nuit à son domicile.

Dans les prisons de l'Autorité palestinienne
Il est surtout connu pour ses vidéos anti-gouvernementales qu'il a publiées sur les réseaux sociaux, traitant de la corruption et des violations des droits humains. Amira Hass et Jack Khoury ( Haaretz ) indiquent que les critiques du Banat étaient dirigées non seulement contre le gouvernement d'Abbas, mais aussi contre l'opposant d'Abbas, Mohammed Dahlan, dont les partisans sont liés aux cercles du renseignement.

L'Autorité palestinienne l'a arrêté à plusieurs reprises pour avoir insulté le sentiment national, agressé l'Autorité palestinienne et incité à des conflits contre l'Autorité palestinienne via sa page Facebook.

Sa maison a été attaquée par des éléments de sécurité après sa demande à l'Union européenne de couper l'aide à l'Autorité palestinienne, en raison du report des élections législatives palestiniennes de 2021, un processus dénoncé par l'Union européenne le 2 mai 2021 sur son compte officiel sur Twitter : "La Commission de l'Union en Palestine suit avec inquiétude l'attaque [contre] le domicile de l'activiste Nizar Banat dans la ville de Dura, dans le sud de la Cisjordanie. La violence contre les politiciens et les défenseurs des droits de l'homme est inacceptable », a-t-elle ajouté.

Décès
Le 24 juin 2021, une force de sécurité préventive palestinienne a pris d'assaut sa maison et l'a arrêté. Aux premières heures de la matinée,  l'Autorité palestinienne a officiellement annoncé la mort du militant Nizar Banat après son arrestation par les forces de sécurité à son domicile du gouvernorat d'Hébron, dans le sud de la Cisjordanie, tandis que sa famille accusait l'Autorité de l'assassiner avec préméditation.

Réaction internationale
 Union européenne : l'Union européenne a publié un communiqué disant : « Choqué et attristé par le décès du militant et ancien candidat aux législatives Nizar Banat, à la suite de son arrestation par les forces de sécurité palestiniennes la nuit dernière. Nos condoléances à sa famille et ses proches. Une enquête complète, indépendante et transparente doit être menée immédiatement" .
 États-Unis : le porte-parole du département d'Etat, Ned Price, a déclaré que les Etats-Unis étaient "profondément troublés par la mort du militant palestinien Nizar Banat et les informations rapportées concernant les circonstances de sa mort". "Nous sommes très préoccupés par les restrictions imposées par l'Autorité palestinienne à l'exercice de la liberté d'expression des Palestiniens et le harcèlement des militants et des organisations de la société civile", a ajouté Price.

Références

Militant pacifiste palestinien
Personnalité liée à la défense des droits de l'homme
Naissance en août 1978
Décès en juin 2021
Pages avec des traductions non relues
Décès à 42 ans

Nizar Banat


Kongens fødselsdag er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1949.

Handling
Amalienborg Slotsplads på fødselsdagen. Vagtparaden trækker op. Kong Frederik 9., dronning Ingrid og prinsesserne hyldes af menneskemængde. Kongen taler til børnene.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1949

Kongens fødselsdag (film)


San Pedro Nohpat es una población del estado de Yucatán, México, localizada en el municipio de Kanasín.

Toponimia
El nombre (San Pedro Nohpat) hace referencia a Simón Pedro y nohpat proviene del idioma maya.

Localización
San Pedro Nohpat se encuentra al norte de la población de Kanasín.

Sitios de interés
Una hacienda remodelada y que funciona como hotel.

Importancia histórica
Tuvo su esplendor durante la época del auge henequenero y emitió fichas de hacienda las cuales por su diseño son de interés para los numismáticos. Dichas fichas acreditan la hacienda como propiedad de V. Escalante S.

Demografía
Según el censo de 1990 realizado por el INEGI, la población de la localidad era de 646 habitantes, de los cuales 332 eran hombres y 314 eran mujeres. Hoy día, la localidad está conurbada con Kanasín.

Galería

Véase también
 Kanasín
 Hacienda Teya
 Teya
 Fichas de haciendas mexicanas

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Kanasín en la Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México.

Toponimia maya
Localidades del municipio de Kanasín
Haciendas de México que emitieron fichas de pago

San Pedro Nohpat


Hallad Rognvaldsson (n. 860) fue un caudillo vikingo y jarl de las Orcadas entre 891 y 892. Era hijo ilegítimo de Rognvald el Sabio, jarl de Møre.

Biografía
Tras la desaparición en la escena política de Sigurd Eysteinsson y posteriormente de su hijo Guthorm Sigurdsson, Rognvald de Møre decide confiar las Orcadas y las Islas Shetland a su hijo Hallad a quien el rey Harald I de Noruega le concede el título de jarl.

Hallad se trasladó a Hrossey pero debe enfrentarse a hordas de vikingos que constantemente asedian las islas y Caithness, matando y saqueando. Cuando los granjeros se quejan y reclaman su protección, Hallad aprecia que no es capaz de solucionar el problema y renuncia a su título de jarl, regresando a Noruega donde vive como granjero libre (bóndi).

Referencias

Bibliografía
Pálsson, Hermann; Edwards, Paul Geoffrey (1981). Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney. Penguin Classics. ISBN 0140443835
 Jean Renaud Les Vikings et les Celtes, Éditions Ouest-France Université, Rennes, 1992 ISBN 2-7373-0901-8

Jarls de las Órcadas del siglo IX
Saga Orkneyinga

Hallad Rognvaldsson


Ernest Armand-Delille est un peintre paysagiste français du .

Biographie
Ernest Émile Armand-Delille naît à Marseille le . Il fait d'abord carrière dans la Marine française puis se forme à la peinture avec sa mère, Colette Armand-Delille. Il s'inscrit par la suite aux Beaux-Arts de Paris, où il est l'élève du peintre Jean-Léon Gérôme.

Il peint essentiellement des paysages des environs de Paris, de la Savoie, du Jura, de la Normandie et de la Creuse, mais aussi des natures mortes ou des fleurs. Ses toiles sont exposées au Salon de Paris (de 1874 à 1883), à Bordeaux, à Marseille et à Genève.

Parmi ses œuvres, figurent notamment Soir (1878, conservé au musée des Beaux-Arts de Besançon), Mare à Guéret (1880) et Tournant de l'Orne (1882).

Ernest Armand-Delille meurt à Paris le , à l'âge de 39 ans.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en décembre 1843
Naissance à Marseille
Peintre français du XIXe siècle
Peintre paysagiste français
Décès en janvier 1883
Décès dans le 8e arrondissement de Paris
Décès à 39 ans

Ernest Armand-Delille


Roning under sommer-OL har været en del af konkurrencerne, siden dets debut under sommer-OL 1900. Roning var på programmet til sommer-OL 1896 men blev aflyst på grund af dårligt vejr.

Medaljeoversigt

Roning under sommer-OL


Die Chaîne des Côtes ist eine Hügelkette im französischen Département Bouches-du-Rhône. Sie dehnt sich über eine Fläche von zehn mal sechs Kilometern aus.

Das Gebirge liegt zwischen den Orten Lambesc, La Roque-d'Anthéron, Cazan und Charleval. Sein höchster Punkt befindet sich auf 478 Metern, dieser ist allerdings nicht benannt. Zum Gebirge lässt sich außerdem das Plateau des Roques zählen. Dieses erreicht eine Länge von acht Kilometern und umfasst außerdem die Orte Lamanon und Aurons. Sein höchster Punkt ist der Grand Puech mit einer Höhe von 394 Metern.

Weblinks
 Rundwanderweg und Beschreibung auf provence.com

Einzelnachweise

Gebirge in Europa
Gebirge in Frankreich
Geographie (Département Bouches-du-Rhône)

Chaîne des Côtes


La Province du Xinjiang sous la république de Chine () de 1912 à 1949, hérite de la  de la dynastie Qing après la chute de l'Empire lors de la Révolution chinoise de 1911, menée par le Kuomintang. Il s'ensuit une période d'instabilité de la Chine, notamment avec la période dite des Seigneurs de la guerre, sous le Gouvernement de Beiyang (1912-1927), puis la guerre civile chinoise (1927-1950).

La province sous le contrôle du seigneur de la guerre Sheng Shicai à partir de 1933, voit l'indépendance momentanée de 2 différentes régions. La première à Kashgar, avec la république islamique du Turkestan oriental (novembre 1933 - février 1934), puis, au Nord du Xinjiang, après la Révolution des trois districts, une seconde république plus longue de 1944 à 1949, aidée par l'Union soviétique dont elle devient un état satellite.

À la fin de la république de Chine, la province intègre le 16 décembre 1949 la république populaire de Chine de mois après sa déclaration du  octobre 1949, puis devient la Région autonome ouïghoure du Xinjiang, 6 ans après, le  octobre 1955.

Notes et références

Histoire de la Première République chinoise
Province historique en Chine
Xinjiang


AFL sezona 1961. je bila druga po redu sezona AFL lige američkog nogometa. Završila je 24. prosinca 1961. utakmicom između pobjednika zapadne divizije San Diego Chargersa i pobjednika istočne divizije Houston Oilersa u kojoj su pobijedili Oilersi rezultatom 10:3 i tako osvojili svoj drugi naslov prvaka AFL-a, također drugi zaredom.

Poredak po divizijama na kraju regularnog dijela sezone

Napomena: * - ušli u doigravanje, % - postotak pobjeda, P± - postignuti/primljeni poeni

Doigravanje

Prvenstvena utakmica AFL-a

 24. prosinca 1961. San Diego Chargers - Houston Oilers 3:10

Nagrade za sezonu 1961.

 Najkorisniji igrač (MVP) - George Blanda, quarterback, Houston Oilers

Statistika po igračima

Najviše jarda dodavanja: George Blanda, Houston Oilers - 3330
Najviše jarda probijanja: Billy Cannon, Houston Oilers - 942
Najviše uhvaćenih jarda dodavanja: Charley Hennigan, Houston Oilers - 1746

Izvori

1961

AFL sezona 1961.


Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx (voice box). Symptoms often include a hoarse voice and may include fever, cough, pain in the front of the neck, and trouble swallowing. Typically, these last under two weeks.

Laryngitis is categorised as acute if it lasts less than three weeks and chronic if symptoms last more than three weeks. Acute cases usually occur as part of a viral upper respiratory tract infection, other infections and trauma such as from coughing are other causes. Chronic cases may occur due to smoking, tuberculosis, allergies, acid reflux, rheumatoid arthritis, or sarcoidosis. The underlying mechanism involves irritation of the vocal cords.

Concerning signs that may require further investigation include stridor, history of radiation therapy to the neck, trouble swallowing, duration of more than three weeks, and a history of smoking. If concerning signs are present the vocal cords should be examined via laryngoscopy. Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include epiglottitis, croup, inhaling a foreign body, and laryngeal cancer.

The acute form generally resolves without specific treatment. Resting the voice and sufficient fluids may help. Antibiotics generally do not appear to be useful in the acute form. The acute form is common while the chronic form is not. The chronic form occurs most often in middle age and is more common in men than women.

Signs and symptoms
The primary symptom of laryngitis is a hoarse voice. Because laryngitis can have various causes, other signs and symptoms may vary. They can include
 Dry or sore throat
 Coughing (both a causal factor and a symptom of laryngitis)
 Frequent throat clearing
 Increased saliva production
 Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
 Sensation of swelling in the area of the larynx (discomfort in the front of the neck)
 Globus pharyngeus (feeling like there is a lump in the throat)
 Cold or flu-like symptoms (which, like a cough, may also be a causal factor for laryngitis)
 Swollen lymph nodes in the throat, chest, or face
 Fever
 General muscle pain (myalgia)
 Shortness of breath, predominantly in children

Voice quality
Aside from a hoarse-sounding voice, changes to pitch and volume may occur with laryngitis. Speakers may experience a lower or higher pitch than normal, depending on whether their vocal folds are swollen or stiff. They may also have breathier voices, as more air flows through the space between the vocal folds (the glottis), quieter volume and a reduced range.

Causes

Laryngitis can be infectious as well as noninfectious in origin. The resulting inflammation of the vocal folds results in a distortion of the sound produced there. It normally develops in response to either an infection, trauma to the vocal folds, or allergies. Chronic laryngitis may also be caused by more severe problems, such as nerve damage, sores, polyps, or hard and thick lumps (nodules) on the vocal cords.

Acute

Viral
 Most acute cases of laryngitis are caused by viral infections, the most common of which tend to be rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, coronavirus, and RSV. In patients who have a compromised immune system, other viruses such as herpes and HIV may also be potential causes.

Bacterial
 This is another major cause of acute laryngitis, and may develop in conjunction with or due to a viral infection. Common bacterial strains are group A streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, C. diphtheriae, M. catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Bacillus anthracis, and M. tuberculosis. In developing countries, more unusual bacterial causes may occur, such as mycobacterial and syphilitic, though these may occur in developed nations as well.

Fungal
 Laryngitis caused by fungal infection is common but not frequently diagnosed according to a review by BMJ and can account for up to 10% of acute laryngitis cases. Patients with both functioning and impaired immune systems can develop fungal laryngitis, which may develop as a result of recent antibiotic or inhaled corticosteroids use. Certain strains of fungi that may cause laryngitis include; Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Candida (especially in immunocompromised persons), and Cryptococcus and Coccidioides.

Trauma
 Often due to excessive use of the vocal folds such as excessive yelling, screaming, or singing. Though this often results in damage to the outer layers of the vocal folds, the subsequent healing may lead to changes in the physiology of the folds. Another potential cause of inflammation may be overuse of the vocal cords.     Laryngeal trauma, including iatrogenic (caused by endotracheal intubation), can also result in inflammation of the vocal cords.

Chronic

Allergies
 Findings are unclear as to whether asthma may cause symptoms commonly associated with laryngitis. Some researchers have posited that allergic causes of laryngitis are often misdiagnosed as being the result of acid reflux.

Reflux
 One possible explanation of chronic laryngitis is that inflammation is caused by gastro-oesophageal reflux, which causes subsequent irritation of the vocal folds.

Autoimmune disorders
 Approximately between 30 and 75% of persons with rheumatoid arthritis report symptoms of laryngitis.
 Symptoms of laryngitis are present in only 0.5–5% of people that have sarcoidosis. According to a meta-analysis by Silva et al. (2007), this disease is often an uncommon cause of laryngeal symptoms and is frequently misdiagnosed as another voice disorder.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis of different forms of acute laryngitis
 Laryngitis following trauma: This form of laryngitis is usually identified by obtaining a case history providing information on previous phono traumatic experiences, internal trauma caused by recent procedures as well as any previous neck injuries.
 Acute viral laryngitis: This form of laryngitis is characterized by lower vocal pitch as well as hoarseness. The symptoms in this form of laryngitis are usually present for less than one week, however they can persist for 3–4 weeks. This form of laryngitis might also be accompanied by upper respiratory tract symptoms such as: sore throat, odynophagia, rhinorrhea, dyspnea, postnasal discharge, and congestion.
 Fungal laryngitis: A biopsy and culture of abnormal lesion may help confirm fungal laryngitis.

Visual diagnosis
The larynx itself will often show erythema (reddening) and edema (swelling). This can be seen with laryngoscopy or stroboscopy (method depends on the type of laryngitis). Stroboscopy may be relatively normal or may reveal asymmetry, aperiodicity, and reduced mucosal wave patterns.

Other features of the laryngeal tissues may include
 Redness of the laryngeal tissues (acute)
 Dilated blood vessels (acute)
 Thick, yet dry laryngal tissue (chronic)
 Stiff vocal folds
 Sticky secretions between the vocal folds and nearby structures (the interarytenoid region)

Referral
Some signs and symptoms indicate the need for early referral. These include
 Difficulty swallowing
 Vocal stridor
 Ear pain
 Recent weight loss
 History of smoking
 Current or recent radiotherapy treatment (in the neck region)
 Recent neck surgery or surgery involving endotracheal tubing
 Person is a professional voice user (teacher, singer, actor, call center worker, and so on)

Differential diagnosis
 Acute epiglottitis: This is more likely in those with stridor, drooling, and painful or trouble swallowing.
 Spasmodic dysphonia
 Reflux laryngitis
 Chronic allergic laryngitis
 Neoplasm
 Croup: This presents with a barking cough, hoarseness of voice, and inspiratory stridor.

Treatment
Treatment is often supportive in nature, and depends on the severity and type of laryngitis (acute or chronic). General measures to relieve symptoms of laryngitis include behaviour modification, hydration and humidification.

Vocal hygiene (care of the voice) is very important to relieve symptoms of laryngitis. Vocal hygiene involves measures such as: resting the voice, drinking sufficient water, reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, stopping smoking and limiting throat clearing.

Acute laryngitis
In general, acute laryngitis treatment involves vocal hygiene, painkillers (analgesics), humidification, and antibiotics.

Viral
The suggested treatment for viral laryngitis involves vocal rest, pain medication, and mucolytics for frequent coughing. Home remedies such as tea and honey may also be helpful. Antibiotics are not used for treatment of viral laryngitis.

Bacterial
Antibiotics may be prescribed for bacterial laryngitis, especially when symptoms of upper respiratory infection are present. However, the use of antibiotics is highly debated for acute laryngitis.  This relates to issues of effectiveness, side effects, cost, and possibility of antibiotic resistance patterns. Overall, antibiotics do not appear to be very effective in the treatment of acute laryngitis.

In severe cases of bacterial laryngitis, such as supraglottitis or epiglottitis, there is a higher risk of the airway becoming blocked. An urgent referral should be made to manage the airway. Treatment may involve humidification, corticosteroids, intravenous antibiotics, and nebulised adrenaline.

Fungal
Fungal laryngitis can be treated with oral antifungal tablets and antifungal solutions. These are typically used for up to three weeks and treatment may need to be repeated if the fungal infection returns.

Trauma
Laryngitis caused by excessive use or misuse of the voice can be managed through vocal hygiene measures.

Chronic laryngitis

Reflux
Laryngopharyngeal reflux treatment primarily involves behavioural management and medication. Behavioural management involves aspects such as
 Wearing loose clothing
 Eating smaller, more frequent meals
 Avoiding certain foods (e.g. caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods)
Anti-reflux medications may be prescribed for patients with signs of chronic laryngitis and hoarse voice. If anti-reflux treatment does not result in a decrease of symptoms, other possible causes should be examined. Over-the-counter medications for neutralizing acids (antacids) and acid suppressants (H-2 blockers) may be used. Antacids are often short-acting and may not be sufficient for treatment. Proton pump inhibitors are an effective type of medication. These should only be prescribed for a set period of time, after which the symptoms should be reviewed. Proton pump inhibitors do not work for everyone. A physical reflux barrier (e.g. Gaviscon Liquid) may be more appropriate for some. Antisecretory medications can have several side-effects.

When appropriate, anti-reflux surgery may benefit some individuals.

Inflammatory
When treating allergic laryngitis, topical nasal steroids and immunotherapy have been found to be effective for allergic rhinitis. Antihistamines may also be helpful, but can create a dryness in the larynx. Inhaled steroids that are used for a long period can lead to problems with the larynx and voice.

Autoimmune
Mucous membrane pemphigoid may be managed with medication (cyclophosphamide and prednisolone).

Granulomatous
Sarcoidosis is typically treated with systemic corticosteroids. Less frequently used treatments include intralesional injections or laser resection.

Prognosis

Acute
Acute laryngitis may persist, but will typically resolve on its own within two weeks. Recovery is likely to be quick if the patient follows the treatment plan. In viral laryngitis, symptoms can persist for an extended period, even when upper respiratory tract inflammation has been resolved.

Chronic
Laryngitis that continues for more than three weeks is considered chronic. If laryngeal symptoms last for more than three weeks, a referral should be made for further examination, including direct laryngoscopy. The prognosis for chronic laryngitis varies depending on the cause of the laryngitis.

References

External links

 Mayo Clinic

Acute upper respiratory infections
Human throat
Human voice
Inflammations
Laryngology
Voice disorders
Wikipedia emergency medicine articles ready to translate
Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate

it:Laringite

Laryngitis


إكساميليا (Εξαμίλια) هي مدينة في كورينثيا في مقاطعة كينتريكي إلادا في اليونان.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 1472   نسمة.

مراجع

مدن اليونان
الخليج الساروني
أماكن مأهولة في كورينثيا

إكساميليا


John Shaw Thomson (Glasgow, 1845 - Londres, 1925) est un joueur international écossais de rugby.

Il fait partie de l'équipe d'Écosse de rugby qui affronte l'Angleterre dans ce qui constitue le tout premier match international de rugby de l'histoire, en 1871.

Biographie

Jeunesse et famille
John Shaw Thomson naît à Glasgow, en Écosse, le , fils de George Thomson.

Son père possède une entreprise de fabrication de vêtements, Laird & Thomson, située dans le quartier de Mile End à Glasgow et employant environ . En reconnaissance de leurs racines , la rue a été nommée St Marnock Road. L'entreprise de George Thomson prospère et la famille vit dans la prestigieuse rue Monteith Row, mais alors que l'industrialisation de Glasgow se poursuit à un rythme soutenu, les Thomson, comme beaucoup d'autres, quittent la crasse et la saleté de l'est de Glasgow pour s'installer dans les banlieues plus tranquilles de l'ouest de la ville, dans le quartier de .

Carrière en rugby

John Shaw Thomson devient un élève de la Glasgow Academy et est enregistré comme ayant joué pour les Glasgow Academicals en 1871 et 1872. À cette époque, le club n'a pas d'adhésion ouverte et n'a été formé que trois ans auparavant comme club pour les anciens élèves de la Glasgow Academy. Certains documents suggèrent que Thomson a également joué pour l'University of St Andrews RFC et qu'il a donc peut-être également fréquenté cette université. Il est possible qu'il n'ait pas été exclusif à un seul club et ait joué pour les deux.

John Shaw Thomson est sélectionné comme  (avant) dans la toute première équipe d'Écosse de rugby lors du tout premier match international de rugby de l'histoire, contre l'Angleterre. L'Écosse l'emporte , en inscrivant 2 essais et 1 transformation contre 1 essai non transformé contre l'Angleterre (seules les transformations rapportaient des points à l'époque). C'est le seul match international joué par Thomson.

Thomson participe un an plus tard à un autre match historique : le tout premier match de rugby interprovincial et interurbain au monde au sein du  contre  le .

John Shaw Thomson meurt à , le .

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Naissance à Glasgow
Naissance en août 1845
Décès à Londres
Décès en mai 1925
Décès à 79 ans
Joueur du Glasgow Academicals Rugby Football Club
Joueur de l'University of St Andrews Rugby Football Club
Joueur international écossais de rugby à XV

John Shaw Thomson


Tarbertshire ou le  de Tarbert était une circonscription du Parlement d'Écosse.

Le , le roi Charles I, avec le consentement des Trois États, réunit le sheriffdom de Tarbert avec le sheriff d'Argyll. Le dernier commissaires de Tarbert au Parlement était Sir Lachlan Maclean de Morvern, qui siégea de 1628 à 1633.

Références

Article connexe
 Liste des circonscriptions au Parlement d'Écosse au moment de l'Union

Circonscription du Parlement d'Écosse (jusqu'en 1707)
Histoire de l'Argyll and Bute
Politique dans l'Argyll and Bute

Tarbert (circonscription du Parlement d'Écosse)


ببتيد بيتا النشواني  (اختصارًا Aβ أو Abeta) هو ببتيد يتكون من 39-43 حمضا أمينيا، والتي تشكل المقوّم الأساسي للويحات النشوانية في أدمغة المصابين بمرض آلزهايمر، وهي لويحاتٌ شبيهة تظهر في حالات معينة من الخَرَف المرتبط بأجسام ليوي والتهاب العضلات المشتملي. يشكل الأميلويد بيتا أيضا تكتلات محيطة بالأوعية الدموية، ما يسمى بالاعتلال الوعائي للأميلويد في المخ. تتكون هذه الرقع من تشابك تكتلات ليفية مرتبة بانتظام، والتي تسمى بألياف الأميلويد، وهي طيّات بروتين مشتركة لببتيدات أخرى، مثل البريونات المرتبطة بأمراض يسببها الطي الخاطئ. تظهر لنا البحوث على فئران مختبرية أن الشكل ثنائي الجزيئات والقابل للذوبان للبتيد هو عامل مسبب لتطور مرض آلزهايمر، وأن الشكل ثنائي الجزيئات هو الذيفان السينابسي الأصغر من نوع أوليجومير الأميلويد بيتا القابل للذوبان.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=104300

دلالات حيوية
إنزيمات
ببتيدات
بروتينات غشائية مدمجة
جينات على كروموسوم 21
داء نشواني
علوم عصبية جزيئية
مرض آلزهايمر

ببتيد بيتا النشواني


المدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس (كان اسمها المدرسة القومية للمهندسين بتونس) (بالفرنسية: École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis ENIT) هي أول مدرسة لتكوين المهندسين بتونس وتتبع جامعة تونس المنار.

بعثت طبقا للقانون المؤرخ في 31 ديسمبر 1968 وقد قامت منذئذ بتكوين آلاف المهندسين التونسيين الذين ساهموا في إرساء البنية التحتية التونسية وفي دفع عجلة التنمية. وقد ارتبطت هذه المدرسة لفترة طويلة باسم مؤسسها ومديرها الأول : المختار العتيري.

نشأت بعدها في السبعينات والثمانينات ثلاث مدارس الأخرى للمهندسين بكل من قابس وصفاقس والمنستير.

اختصاصات
تغطي المدسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس ستة اختصاصات هي التالية:
 الهندسة المدنية (منشآت وبناء، مائي ومحيط، بنية تحتية وتهيئة.)
 الهندسة الكهربائية (المنظومات الكهربائية، إلكترونيك وإلكترونيك مجهري، آلية وتصور منظومات.)
 الهندسة الصناعية
 الهندسة الميكانيكية
 الإعلامية
 الاتصالات
 التقنيات المتقدمة
 النمذجة من أجل الصناعة والخدمات

أرقام
 يتكون إطار المدرسة من 160 أستاذا جامعيا قارا و50 أستاذا مهندسا عرضيا، ويضاف سنويا حوالي الخمسين أستاذا زائرا في إطار اتفاقيات تعاون.
 يبلغ عدد طلبة المدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس ما مجموعه 1381 خلال السنة الجامعية 2007-2008، يتوزعون حسب سنوات الدراسة كما يلي:
 466 في السنة الأولى، و468 في السنة الثانية، و447 في السنة الثالثة.
 أما حسب الاختصاصات فيتصدرهم طلبة الهندسة الآلية 280، ثم الهندسة المدنية ب263، ثم الهندسة الكهربائية ب237، ثم الهندسة الصناعية ب227، ثم الإعلامية 157، فالاتصالات 148، فالهندسة الهيدروميترولوجية 69.

التكوين
 أحدثت مدرسة الدكتوراه بالمدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس منذ شهر ديسمبر 2003 وكانت بذلك من أوائل مدارس الدكتوراه التي أحدثت بجامعة تونس المنار، وهي تحت عنوان (علوم وتكنولوجيات الهندسة) وتوجد ضمنها ثمان شهادات للدكتوراه وتسع شهادات ماستير بحث.عشرين مخبرا ووحدة بحث.
يدخل الطلاب عمومًا هذه المدرسة من خلال المناظرة الوطنية للوصول إلى كليات الهندسة. في عام 2008، كان لديها أكثر من 1400 طالب في التدريب الهندسي ونفس العدد في تدريب الدراسات العليا (ماجستير ، دكتوراه ، إلخ). تضم هيئة التدريس بها أكثر من 220 مدرسًا من مختلف التخصصات.

البحث
يوجد بالمدرسة ما مجموعه عشرين بين مخابر ووحدات بحث، والمخابر هي التالية:
 الهندسة المدنية، مديره الأستاذ وليد لمام. ويغطي اهتمامه: المواد والتربة وهياكل الهندسة المدنية.
 النمذجة في علوم المياه والمحيط، ومديره الأستاذ محمود موسى. ويهتم بعلوم المياه والسيلان والهيدروجيولوجيا والهيدرولوجيا والهيدروجيوكيمياء والهيدروبيولوجيا.
 النمدجة الرياضية والرقمية في علوم الهندسة، ويديره نبيل القماطي، ويشمل الرياضيات التطبيقية والنمذجة والرقمنة في علوم الهندسة.
 نظام الاتصالات ويديره عمار بوعلاق

النوادي والجمعيات
الغرفة الفتية الدولية بالمدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس

الشراكات والانفتاح على العالم المهني
اتفاقيات شراكة بين شركة طوطال تونس والمدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس

وقعت المدرسة في عام 2009 اتفاقية شراكة مع مدرسة هندسة فرنسية ، لإنشاء دورة هندسة مشتركة لـ 25 طالبًا. بدأت الدورة الترويجية الأولى مسارها في عام 2010 في تونس وتخرجت في نهاية عام 2013 في باريس.

تم تجديد هذه الشراكة وامتدادها إلى درجتي الماجستير والدكتوراه في عام 2014، بمناسبة زيارة رئيس الحكومة التونسية مهدي جمعة إلى فرنسا.

مدرسون سابقون

 شهاب بودن
 رفعت الشعبوني
 أحمد فريعة

قدماء المدرسة

 شهاب بودن
 عبد الكريم الهاروني
 مهدي جمعة
 المنصف السليتي
محمد الأوسط العياري
معز شقشوق
فتحي العيادي
رضا السعيدي
كمال العيادي
محمد مهدي مليكة
عماد الحمامي
نبيل بركاتي
منجي حامدي

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي للمدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس.
 قدماء المدرسة.

التعليم في تونس
تعليم عال
جامعة تونس المنار
معاهد علمية
هيئات تعليمية أسست في 1968

المدرسة الوطنية للمهندسين بتونس


Isabelle af Orléans og Bragança, grevinde af Paris (portugisisk: Isabel de Orléans e Bragança e Dobrzensky de Dobrzenicz, fransk: Isabelle d'Orléans-Bragance) (født 13. august 1911 på slottet Eu i Seine-Maritime, Normandiet, Frankrig – død 5. juli 2003  i Paris, Frankrig) var en brasiliansk – fransk prinsesse, der som gemalinde til en fransk tronprætendent blev titulær grevinde af Paris.

Forfædre
Prinsesse Isabelle var datter af den brasilianske prins Pedro de Alcântara, fyrste af Grão-Pará og sønnedatter af Gaston, greve af Eu.

Desuden var prinsesse Isabelle oldedatter af Ludvig Karl af Orléans, hertug af Nemours, kejser Pedro 2. af Brasilien. Hun var også tipoldedatter af kong Ludvig-Filip af Frankrig, kejser Pedro 1. af Brasilien, Maria Leopoldina af Østrig, kong Frans 1. af Begge Sicilier.

Familie
Prinsesse Isabelle blev gift med sin slægtning grev Henrik af Paris (1908–1999), der var en en fransk tronprætendent. Gennem sit ægteskab blev prinsesse Isabelle grevinde af Paris.

Isabelle og Henrik fik 11 børn. I 1999 efterfulgte den ældste søn sin far som tronprætendent. I 2019 blev deres sønnesøn (Jean, greve af Paris, hertug af Vendôme) fransk tronprætendent.

Kilder

Kongelige fra Frankrig
Huset Bourbon-Orléans
Huset Orléans-Bragança


Pentatlonul modern a fost inclus în programul olimpic de Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 1912 de la Stockholm.

Clasament pe medalii
Actualizat după Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 2012.

Sportivii cei mai medaliați

Referințe
  Pentatlon modern la Comitetul Olimpic Internațional
  Pentatlon modern la Jocurile Olimpice  pe Sports Reference

Pentatlon modern la Jocurile Olimpice


Joseph Decico, né Joseph Di Cicco, né le  à La Mulatière et mort le  dans le 7e arrondissement de Lyon, est un boxeur français. Il a été cinq fois champion de France des poids coqs et une fois champion d'Europe.

Entre 1934 et 1935, Joseph Decico et Émile Pladner connaissent une rivalité qui les fait se rencontrer à plusieurs reprises pour le titre de champion de France des poids coqs. L'Auvergnat remporte la première rencontre en avril. et confirme en octobre. L'année suivante, le Lyonnais prend sa revanche et impose sa vitesse pour s'emparer de la ceinture nationale. Il devient champion d'Europe en 1936 en battant le Suisse Maurice Dubois à domicile. Il perd ce titre plus tard dans l'année, battu par Aurel Toma à Bucarest. Dans sa carrière, il compte des victoires contre Eugène Huat, Émile Pladner, Kid Francis, Nicolas Petit-Biquet, Young Perez, Théo Médina et Valentin Angelmann. En 1939, Decico est victime d'un grave accident de voiture avec son frère Pascal Decico, jockey. En 1942, il remporte son dernier titre de champion de France des coqs en mettant hors combat le détenteur du titre Pierre Louis d'un crochet gauche au menton dans la première reprise alors qu'il est considéré, à l'âge de  comme un vétéran des rings. Retiré des rings, il se consacre à son restaurant à Lyon.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en avril 1908
Naissance dans le département du Rhône
Décès en juillet 1991
Décès dans le 7e arrondissement de Lyon
Boxeur français
Décès à 83 ans

Joseph Decico


Reisebekanntschaften ist der Titel von:

 Reisebekanntschaften (1936), deutscher Spielfilm von Harry Preuß
 Reisebekanntschaften (1973), sowjetischer Spielfilm von Wassili Schukschin

 Reisebekanntschaften (Singspiel), Singspiel von Franz Abt aus dem Jahr 1875

Reisebekanntschaften


Kopy er det tredje studiealbum fra den danske sanger, sangskriver og musiker Lars H.U.G.. Albummet udkom i 1989 på Medley Records. Det blev nomineret til en Danish Music Award for Årets danske album i 1990. Kopy har solgt 81.000 eksemplarer.

Sange

Kilder

Album fra 1989
Lars H.U.G.-album

Kopy


Gotthard Günther (15 June 1900 – 29 November 1984) was a German (Prussian) philosopher.

Biography
Günther was born in Arnsdorf, Hirschberg im Riesengebirge, Prussian Silesia (modern day Jelenia Góra, Poland). From 1921 to 1933, Günther studied sinology and philosophy at the universities of Heidelberg and Berlin, and wrote his doctor's thesis on Hegel in 1933 under the guidance of Eduard Spranger. From 1935 to 1937, he worked at the institute of Arnold Gehlen at the University of Leipzig, publishing Christliche Metaphysik und das Schicksal des modernen Bewusstseins (Christian metaphysics and the fate of modern consciousness, together with Helmut Schelsky in 1937). He was a member of the Leipzig School.

In the same year, following his wife, the Jewish psychologist Dr. Marie Günther-Hendel, he emigrated from Germany first to Italy, afterwards to Stellenbosch University in South Africa and, in 1940, to the United States. There he completed his system of place-valued logics and morphogrammatics. His great study Die philosophische Idee einer nicht-Aristotelischen Logik ("The philosophical concept of a non-Aristotelian logic") went to print in 1957 (Hamburg, Meiner). As a research professor, he joined the department of electrical engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1960, working together with Warren Sturgis McCulloch, Heinz von Foerster, Humberto Maturana and others. In 1962, he published Cybernetic ontology and transjunctional operations. Later he lectured at the University of Hamburg until he died in that city, in 1984 at the age of 84.

According to Isaac Asimov, who considered Gunther "a good friend," Gunther "felt that civilization was a product of the Old World and could not flourish indigenously in the New." Asimov noted that Gunther thus "maintained [that] when Old World civilization was transplanted to the New World, a distortion was introduced and one of the ways in which this distortion was evidenced was by the peculiar American invention of science fiction, which was not to be confused with earlier European ventures in the field (i.e., Jules Vernes)."

Work and legacy
Günther's work was based upon Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Martin Heidegger and Oswald Spengler. He developed a trans-Aristotelian logical approach (omitting the tertium non datur). Günther's transclassical logic was the attempt to combine improved results of modern dialectic with formal logic. His focus on the philosophical problem of the "Du" ("You"/"Thou") was trailblazing. He also contributed to the fields of cybernetics and to both natural and social sciences, especially to sociology.

His œuvre (body of work), in German and English, is quite substantial. An overview can be gathered from his three volumes, helping make dialectics operationable (see below). He was of influence in the areas of philosophy, cybernetics, mathematics, and sociology. As of 2004, the Gotthard Günther Research Center ("Gotthard-Günther-Forschungsstelle") is working at the University of Klagenfurt in Austria.

Publications
 1933, Grundzüge einer neuen Theorie des Denkens in Hegels Logik [Fundamentals of a Theory of Thinking in Hegel's Logic]. Second, expanded edition, with a new foreword. Hamburg: Meiner, 1978. .
 1937, Christliche Metaphysik und das Schicksal des modernen Bewusstseins. Leipzig: Hirzel.
 1952, Uberwindung von Raum und Zeit: phantastische Geschichten aus der Welt von Morgen. Düsseldorf: Karl Rauch.
 1957, Das Bewusstsein der Maschinen: eine Metaphysik der Kybernetik. Krefeld, Baden-Baden: Agis-Verlag. Second, expanded edition 1963. Third edition as Das Bewusstsein der Maschinen: eine Metaphysik der Kybernetik, mit einem Beitrag aus dem Nachlass: "Erkennen und Wollen", edited by Eberhard von Goldammer and  Joachim Paul. Baden-Baden: Agis-Verlag, 2002. . French edition, as La conscience des machines: une métaphysique de la cybernétique; suivi de Cognition et volition, third edition, edited by Eberhard von Goldammer and Joachim Paul, translated by Françoise Parrot and Engelbert Kronthaler, Paris: l'Harmattan, 2008.
 1959, Idee und Grundriss einer nicht-Aristotelischen Logik, Bd. 1. Die Idee und ihre philosophischen Voraussetzungen. [Idea and Outline of a Non-Aristotelian Logic, vol. 1: The Idea and Its Philosophical Postulates]. Hamburg: F. Meiner. Second, revised edition, Hamburg: F. Meiner, 1978. Third edition, as Idee und Grundriss einer nicht-Aristotelischen Logik: die Idee und ihre philosophischen Voraussetzungen: mit einem Anhang Das Phänomen der Orthogonalität, und mit einem Fragment aus dem Nachlass Die Metamorphose der Zahl. Hamburg: Meiner, 1991. .
 1962, Cybernetic Ontology and Transjunctional Operations. University of Illinois, Engineering Experiment Station. Technical Report no. 4. Urbana: Electrical Engineering Research Laboratory, University of Illinois.
 1965, Cybernetics and the Transition from Classical to Trans-Classical Logic. Illinois University Biological Computer Laboratory BCL Report  3.0. Urbana: Biological Computer Laboratory, University of Illinois.
 1967, Logik, Zeit, Emanation und Evolution. Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. Geistwissenschaften 136. Cologne-Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
 1973, Notable work: H. Fahrenbach (Hrsg). "Wirklichkeit und Reflexion, Festschrift fur Walter Schulz", Pfullingen, 1973 (187 - 210). Also published as: Beiträge zur Grundlegung einer operationsfähigen Dialektik. Semantic Scholar.
 1976, Beiträge zur Grundlegung einer operationsfähigen Dialektik, 1 (Contributions to the Foundation of an Operational Dialectic, 1). Hamburg: Meiner. .
 1979, Beiträge zur Grundlegung einer operationsfähigen Dialektik, 2, (Contributions to the Foundation of an Operational Dialectic, 2)
 1980, Beiträge zur Grundlegung einer operationsfähigen Dialektik, 3, (Contributions to the Foundation of an Operational Dialectic, 3)
 1973, Notable work: H. Fahrenbach (Hrsg). "Wirklichkeit und Reflexion, Festschrift fur Walter Schulz", Pfullingen, 1973. Also published as: Beiträge zur Grundlegung einer operationsfähigen Dialektik

References

Further reading
Actual research on polycontextural theories is documented at ThinkArt Lab Glasgow, Scotland.
A comprehensive archive of Gunther's work (mainly out of print) is made accessible by Vordenker.
A first insight into the terminology of Gunther's work is offered by the interactive Glossary.

External links
 Gotthard Günther's Philosophie website

1900 births
1984 deaths
People from Karkonosze County
People from the Province of Silesia
Cyberneticists
Leipzig University alumni
Academic staff of Leipzig University
German male writers
20th-century German philosophers

Gotthard Günther


ජැක් කැලිස් යනු,  තුන්-ඉරියව් ක්‍රීඩකයෙකු ලෙසින් ක්‍රීඩා කරන දකුණු අප්‍රිකානු ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩකයෙකි . "සැම කල්හි පහලවූ විශිෂ්ටතම ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩකයා" ලෙසින් හැඳින්වෙන ඔහු, තුන්-ඉරියව් ක්‍රීඩකයන් අතුරින් විශිෂ්ටතමයන්ගෙන් කෙනෙකු ලෙසින් සැලකෙන්නේ, ශ්‍රීමත්ගාර්ෆීල්ඩ් සෝබර්ස් හා සම තත්වයෙහි ලමිනි.  ටෙස්ට් ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩාවෙහිදී, වෙනත් කිසිම දකුණු අප්‍රිකානුවෙකු සමත්වූ ප්‍රමාණයට වඩා වැඩි ප්‍රමාණයක්වූ, ශතක (තනි ඉනිමකදී  ලකුණු 100 ක් හෝ වැඩි ගණනක්) 45 ක් ඔහු විසින් රැස් කර ඇති අතර, එක් දින ජාත්‍යන්තර (එදිජා) තරග වලදී ශතක 17 ක් රැස් කර ගෙන ඇත.  ටෙස්ට් තරග වලදී රැස් කල මුළු ලකුණු සහ එදිජා තරග වලදී  රැස් කල මුළු ලකුණු සැලකූ කල,  සමස්ත දකුණු අප්‍රිකානු පිතිකරුවන් අතුරින් පෙරමුණ ගැනීමට ඔහු සමත්ව ඇත.

සූචිය
 * දක්වනුයේ ඔහු නො දැවී සිටි බවයි.
  දක්වනුයේ එම තරගයෙහිදී ඔහු දකුණු අප්‍රිකානු කණ්ඩායමෙහි නායකයා ලෙසින් සිටි බවයි.
 ස්ථානය. දක්වනුයේ පිතිකරන අනුපිළිවෙලෙහි ඔහුගේ ස්ථානය වෙයි.
 ටෙස්ට් දක්වනුයේ එම තරගාවලියෙහි ක්‍රීඩා කර ඇති ටෙස්ට් තරග සංඛ්‍යාව වෙයි.
 ඉනිම. දක්වනුයේ  තරගයේ  ඉනිම වෙයි.
 සි/පි/ස් දක්වනුයේ ස්ථානය සියරට (දකුණු අප්‍රිකාව),  පිටරට (ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ කණ්ඩායමේ ස්වදේශය) හෝ ස්වාධීන ස්ථානයකද යන වග වෙයි.
 දිනය දක්වනුයේ තරගය ඇරඹුනු දිනය වෙයි.
 පැරදුනි දක්වනුයේ දකුණු අප්‍රිකාව  විසින් තරගය පැරදුනු බවයි.
 දිනාගති දක්වනුයේ  දකුණු අප්‍රිකාව විසින් තරගය දිනාගත් බවයි.
 ජය පැරදුමකින් තොරව දක්වනුයේ තරගය  ජය පැරදුමින් තොරව අවසන් වූ බවයි.
  රැ/වේ දක්වනුයේ ඉනිම තුලදී  ලකුණු රැස්කිරීමේ වේගය වෙයි.

ආශ්‍රිත

කැලිස්, ජැක්

ජැක් කැලිස් විසින් රැස් කොට ඇති ජාත්‍යන්තර ක්‍රිකට් ශතක ලැයිස්තුව


Yolda (İngilizce özgün adı On the Road), Beat kuşağı yazarlarından Jack Kerouac'ın 1951'de yazdığı ve Viking Press tarafından 1957'de yayımlanan romanıdır. Büyük ölçüde otobiyografik olan ve çoğu unsuru gerçek hayattan alınan romanda Kerouac ve arkadaşlarının yüzyılın ortasında ABD'yi baştan başa dolaştığı yolculuklar ve daha sonra Beat Kuşağı olarak adlandırılacak yakın arkadaş çevresi anlatılır. Savaş sonrası Amerikan gençliğini en fazla etkileyen ve Beat kuşağını tanıtan eser kabul edilir.

Oluşumu
Romanın malzemesi Kerouac'ın 1947'den itibaren çıktığı yolculuklar sırasında sürekli not aldığı küçük defterlerde yıllarca biriktiyse de, bunların roman bütünlüğünde ortaya çıkması 1951 yılındaki yoğun üç haftada gerçekleşti. Bu süre içinde Kerouac, daha sonra sıkça anlattığı şekliyle, "parça kâğıtları uç uca ekleyerek yaptığı 36 metrelik bir ruloya aralıksız, neredeyse bir oturuşta daktilo ederek" kitabı bitirdi. Metin, 1957'de yayınlanana kadar geçen yıllarda bir kısmını Kerouac'ın gerekli gördüğü pek çok değişiklik geçirdi ama bu arada yayınevinin ısrarıyla o dönem pornografik olarak değerlendirilen kısımlar çıkartıldı ve gerçek isimler değiştirildi. Viking Press 2007'de kitabın 50. yıldönümü vesilesiyle özgün metnin çok az değiştirilmiş bir şeklini On the Road: The Original Scroll başlığıyla yayınladı.

Karakterler

Özet

Kitap, anlatıdaki maceraların esas bağlayıcısı ve ortak paydası olan kişinin tanıtılmasıyla açılır: Dean Moriarty (Neal Cassady). Anlatıcı Salvatore Sal Paradise (Kerouac) ise hümanist düşüncelerin, kendi eklektik arkadaş grubunun, cazın, Amerikan coğrafyası ve kadınların etkisi altındadır.

Daha en başta "Dean Moriarty'nin gelişiyle ömrümün yollarda diye adlandırabileceğim bölüm başladı" diyen Sal kitabın devamında bu uzun yolculukları anlatır.

Roman, New York'ta sona erer. Dean Sal'ı görmek ve onu kendisine katılarak kız arkadaşıyla birlikte San Francisco'ya taşınmaya ikna etmek için New York'a gelir. Ancak taşınma planları yürümez ve Dean Batı'ya yalnız başına döner.

Sinema uyarlaması
Yolda'nın filme çevrimi uzun yıllar gündemde kalmıştır. Russell Banks, kitabın film haklarını 1980'de alan yapımcı Francis Ford Coppola için romanı senaryoya aktarmıştır. Film projesi Brezilyalı yönetmen Walter Salles yönetiminde, uzun bir hazırlık döneminden sonra Ağustos 2010'de başlayan çekimlerin 25 milyon USD bütçeyle New Orleans, Montreal, Meksika ve Arjantin'de yapılacağı duyurulmuştu. Film, 2012 tarihinde vizyona girdi.

Etkileri
Yolda aralarında Bob Dylan, Jim Morrison, Hunter S. Thompson olmak üzere pek çok şair, yazar, oyuncu ve müzisyen üzerinde büyük etki bıraktı. Dylan yıllar sonra "Herkes gibi benim de hayatımı değiştirmişti." diyecekti. Tom Waits de, Jack ve Neal'i bir şarkısında anar ve Beatlerden "atalar" diye bahseder. Tanınmış fotoğrafçı Robert Frank ve Stephen Shore da 1970'lerde Kerouac'ın kitabını rehber alarak, Amerikan yol gezileri yaptılar. Hunter S. Thompson'ın yol romanı Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas gibi, Easy Rider, Paris, Texas ve hatta Thelma ve Louise gibi filmleri de, Kerouac'ın romanı olmadan düşünmek çok zordur.

Kaynakça

Beat Kuşağı
Konusu Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde geçen romanlar
Gezi romanları
Amerikan romanları
İngilizce romanlar
1957 romanları

Yolda


El piojito coludo (Inezia caudata), también denominado tiranuelo colipinto o tiranuelo pantanero (en Colombia), atrapamoscas pantanero o inezia coluda (en Venezuela), es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Tyrannidae perteneciente al género Inezia. Es nativo del norte de América del Sur.

Distribución y hábitat
Se distribuye desde el noreste de Colombia, hacia el este por el norte de Venezuela, norte y oeste de Guyana, al sur hasta el extremo norte de Brasil, norte de Surinam y de la Guayana francesa.

Esta especie es considerada bastante común en sus hábitats naturales: los bordes arbustivos de bosques secos, matorrales secos, bosques húmedos de tierras bajas, manglares y bosques antiguos muy degradados, hasta los 400 m de altitud.

Sistemática

Descripción original
La especie I. caudata fue descrita por primera vez por el zoólogo británico Osbert Salvin en 1897 bajo el nombre científico Capsiempis caudata; su localidad tipo es: «Ourumee, Guyana».

Etimología
El nombre genérico femenino «Inezia» conmemora a Enriqueta Inez Cherrie (1898-1943) hija del ornitólogo estadounidense autor del género George Kruck Cherrie; y el nombre de la especie «caudata», proviene del latín «caudatus» que significa 'coludo, de cola larga'.

Taxonomía
Anteriormente fue tratada como una subespecie de Inezia subflava pero fue separada con base en diferencias de plumaje, del color del iris y especialmente del comportamiento vocal.

Subespecies
Según las clasificaciones del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC) y Clements Checklist/eBird se reconocen dos subespecies, con su correspondiente distribución geográfica:

 Inezia caudata intermedia , 1913 – noreste de Colombia (bajo valle del Magadalena, región de Santa Marta y norte de Venezuela (cuenca de Maracaibo, y Portuguesa al este hasta el norte de Anzoátegui).
 Inezia caudata caudata (), 1897 – centro y este de Venezuela (desde Apure, bajo río Caura, río Orinoco y Delta Amacuro) hacia el este a través de las Guayanas, y norte de Brasil (región del río Branco, en Roraima).

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Inezia caudata en eBird.
 Sonidos y mapa de distribución de Inezia caudata en xeno-canto.
 Fotos y sonidos de amarelinho-da-amazônia Inezia caudata en Wikiaves.

caudata
Aves de América del Sur
Animales descritos en 1897
Taxones descritos por Osbert Salvin

Inezia caudata


Gotland, İsveç'in 25 tarihi kantonundan biridir. Ayrıca Baltık Denizi'nin en büyük adasıdır.Nüfusu 58.003 'dir. Adada temel gelir kaynakları tarım ve turizmdir. Ayrıca kireç taşı üretimi de yapılmaktadır.Ada 1560 yılında Danimarka kuvvetleri tarafından işgale uğramıştır.Ada tarih öncesi dönemlerden beri iskan edilmiştir. Gotland bir ticaret merkezi, Orta Çağ'dan kalma yapılarıyla UNESCO Dünya Miras Listesi'nde yer alan ve Gotland adasındaki tek İsveç kenti olan Visby de Baltık Denizi'ndeki en önemli Hansa kentidir.Gotlar'ın ana yurdu olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Baltık Denizi'ndeki adaların listesi

Gotland ili

Gotland


Die katholische Pfarrkirche St. Anna ist ein denkmalgeschütztes Kirchengebäude in Lenhausen, einem Ortsteil der Gemeinde Finnentrop im Kreis Olpe (Nordrhein-Westfalen).

Geschichte und Architektur

Die dreijochige, neugotische Saalkirche mit einem Westturm, einem Querhaus und dem Chorjoch mit 5/8-Schluss, wurde von 1896 bis 1898 unter der Bauleitung von Johannes Franziskus Klomp errichtet; die Bauausführung oblag dem Bauunternehmer Anton Sunder-Plassmann aus Förde (heute:Grevenbrück).

Der hammerrechte Bruchsteinbau ist durch Werksteingliederung belebt. Die Wände sind durch Strebepfeiler, Lanzett- und große Rundfenster gegliedert. Im Innenraum wurden Kreuz- und Rautensterngewölbe mit rotschwarz glasierten Formziegelrippen eingezogen. Die ungefassten Altäre stammen aus der Bauzeit der Kirche, teilweise wurden die Reliefs erneuert. Die Figur des Guten Hirten aus Weichholz wurde im 17. Jahrhundert geschnitzt.

Die Kirche wurde von 1972 bis 1974 und noch einmal im Jahr 1992 umfassend renoviert. 1993 folgte die Sanierung des Kirchturms.

Eine bebilderte Dokumentation und Beschreibung der Kirchenfenster, des Grundrisses und der Innenansicht der Kirche befinden sich auf der Internetseite der Forschungsstelle Glasmalerei des 20. Jahrhunderts e.V.

Das Patronatsrecht liegt bei der Familie von Plettenberg-Lenhausen, deren Stammsitz, das Schloss Lenhausen, nur wenige hundert Meter von der Kirche entfernt liegt.

Literatur
 Ursula Quednau (Red.): Dehio-Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Teil II: Westfalen. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / München 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2, S. 330.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Lenhausen
Anna
Lenhausen, Anna
Lenhausen, Anna
Lenhausen, Anna
Lenhausen, Anna
Lenhausen, Anne
Bauwerk in Finnentrop
Lenhausen

St. Anna (Lenhausen)


Albert Schweitzer (14 Ocak 1875; Kaysersberg, Alman İmparatorluğu - 4 Eylül 1965; Lambaréné, Gabon), 1952 Nobel Barış Ödülü sahibi Alman humaniter doktor, filozof, müzisyen, teolog, hayvansever ve anti-nükleer aktivistti. Schweitzer, iki doktorasına rağmen tıp doktoru olmaya karar verdi; Afrika'da doktorluk yapma amacıyla 30 yaşından sonra tıp tahsili yaptı; Gabon'da bir hastane kurdu ve yaşamını yöre halkının sağlığına adadı. Geliştirdiği "yaşama saygı felsefesi" ile günümüzdeki çevreci ve hayvansever hareketlerin öncüsü kabul edilir.

Yaşamı
Albert Schweitzer, o dönemlerde Almanya'nın günümüzde ise Fransa'nın bir parçası olan Alsace'da (Alsas), bir papazın oğlu olarak dünyaya geldi. Schweitzer, Jean-Paul Sartre'in annesinin kuzenidir. Küçük yaştan itibaren orga karşı büyük tutkusu ve yeteneği vardı, Avrupa'nın en iyi orgcuları tarafından eğitildi; zamanla org yapımı konusunda dünyanın en iyi uzmanlarından birisi oldu.

1893'te Strasbourg Üniversitesi'nde felsefe öğrenimine başladı ve 1899'da doktorasını tamamladı. Aynı yıl Strasbug'daki St. Nicholas Kilisesi'nde din görevlisi olarak atandı. Ertesi yıl teolojide doktorasını tamamladı ve çeşitli dini okullarda yöneticilik yaptı. 29 yaşına geldiğinde biri teoloji alanında, bir başkası Kant hakkında ve bir diğeri Bach'ın yaşam öyküsü hakkında olmak üzere üç kitap yazarak müzik, din ve felsefe alanlarında değerli katkılarda bulunmuştu; ayrıca org yapımı hakkında da eserler verdi.

Hep insanlığa doğrudan hizmet etmek için büyük bir istek duyan Schweitzer, 1904'te tesadüfen Paris Misyoner Topluluğu'nun yayınladığı bir dergide Fransız kolonisi Gabon'da çalışacak doktor arandığını okudu. Bu ilân üzerine yaptığı araştırma onu, "beyaz adamın" "siyah adama" yaptığı kötülükler ve haksızlıklar üzerine düşünmeye sevk etti. Uzun süredir kendini adayacağı bir insanlık hizmeti arıyordu. Yetimhane kurma ve benzeri girişimleri bürokratik engeller yüzünden gerçekleşememişti. Misyoner çalışmalara hiçbir zaman ilgi duymamıştı; Afrikalılara vaaz vermeye niyeti yoktu ancak doktorluk yaparak beyaz adamın onlara verdiği zararı telafi etmeye çalışabilirdi. Afrika, o yıllarda kara kıta olarak anılıyordu; Avrupa'dan Afrika'ya gitme yürekliliğini gösteren araştırmacı ve misyonerlerin çoğu orada hastalanarak yaşamını yitiriyordu. Buna rağmen Avrupa'daki konforlu yaşamını terkederek Afrika'da doktorluk yapmaya karar verdi. 1905'te dostlarına ve akrabalarına yazdığı mektuplarda tıp eğitimi almaya başlayacağını ve istikametinin Afrika olduğunu söylüyordu. Bu değişikliğin nedenini ise artık elleriyle çalışmayı arzulaması, yıllardır kelimelerle uğraşmaktan ve sevgi dininden bahsetmekten bıkmışlığı, artık onu uygulamaya geçirmek isteği olarak açıklıyordu. Çevresi onun bu düşüncelerine olumsuz tepki verdi. Kendisini anlayan ve destek olan tek kişi o yıllarda yakın bir arkadaşı olan Helen Bresslau idi.

Tüm itirazlara ve tepkilere rağmen Schweitzer 30 yaşında tıp eğitimine başladı; 38 yaşında eğitimini tamamladı. Ne var ki tüm hayatını Paris Misyoner Topluluğu'nun ilânındaki ihtiyaca cevap vermek üzere yeniden düzenlediyse de göreve talip olduğunda geri çevrildi. Geri çevrilmesinin nedeni, onu bu göreve almanın Misyoner Topluluğu aracılığı ile Afrika'ya gitmek isteyecek ve yerlilerin kafasını karıştıracak başka liberaller ve radikal kişilere örnek olmasından duydukları kaygı idi. Topluluk, bu gerekçe ile ona maddî destek olmayı reddetti. Bu tavır, Schweitzer'i yıldırmadı. Bu sefer ücret karşılığı bu göreve talip olan bir doktor olarak değil de, kendi kaynakları ile profesyonel hizmetlerini sunan bir doktor olarak yeniden başvurmayı planladı. 1912'de Schweitzer ile evlenen, hemşire olarak kendini yetiştiren Helen Bresslau, gönüllü olarak ona eşlik edecek; hastane kurmak için gelir sağlama kampanyasını sürdürecek ve ilk 2 yıl tüm masrafları üstlenecekti. Yardımcı olabilecek arkadaşlarının listesini yaptılar. Eğer para toplayabilirlerse, topluluk kendilerine hiçbir masraf getirmeyecek projeleri için onları reddedemeyecekti. Sekiz yıl seyahat hazırlığı ile geçti. Üniversitedeki görevini bıraktı. Uzun dönemli konser anlaşmalarını iptal etti. Küçük bir arkadaş grubunun desteği ile hazırlıklarını sürdürdü. Sonunda, çalışmalarının kesinlikle topluluğun misyonuna zarar vermeyeceğini kabul ettirebildi. 1913'te Gabon'daki Lambaréné'de bir hastane kurmak üzere eşi ile beraber yola çıktı.

Çift, sağlık hizmetleri vermeye bir tavuk kümesinde başladı, zamanla yeni binalar yaptı. Hastane yüzlerce hastaya hizmet verir hâle geldi. Lambaréné'e gelişlerinden 1 yıl sonra I. Dünya Savaşı başladı. Almanya vatandaşı olarak bu Fransız kolonisinde düşman kabul edilmekteydiler. Savaş esiri olarak Fransa'ya götürüldüler. Götürüldükleri yer ülkenin güneyinde, bir zamanlar akıl hastanesi olarak kullanılan ve ressam Van Gogh'un da intiharından önce 4 yıl kaldığı bir mekandı.

Schweıtzer ve eşi 1918'de Alsace'a dönebildiler ve 1919'un başında kızları Rhena doğdu. Alsace'da Schweitzer'in annesi, birlikte büyüdüğü pek çok genç ölmüş, her yer yakılıp yıkılmuştı. Karı-koca Schwetzer'in ikisinin de sağlığı bozuktu; bir zamanlar yıldız öğretim üyesi ve öğrenci olduğu Strausbourg Üniversitesi'nde Schweitzer'i hatırlayan yoktu ve maddî açıdan zor durumdaydılar. Ne var ki İsveç'te Uppsala Üniversitesi'nde onu hatırlayan birisi çıktı ve 1920'de ders vermek için ailesi ile birlikte İsveç'e gelmek üzere bir davet aldı. Orada, 1915'te geliştirdiği yaşama saygı felsefesini hakkında ilk defa resmi konuşma yaptı. "İnsanın ahlakı insanla bitmemeli, evrene yayılmalıdır; bir parçası olduğu büyük hayat zincirinin yeniden farkına varmalıdır. Tüm varlığın bir değeri olduğunu anlamalıdır. Hayat, bencil veya düşüncesizce hareketler nedeniyle yok edilemeyeceği gibi daha yüce bir değer veya amaç için de feda edilemez."

İsveç'te Afrika deneyimlerini anlatan bir konuşma turu yapmak teklifi alması üzerine borçlarını ödeyebildi ve bu konuda bir kitap yazarak Afrika'ya yeniden dönecek parayı kazandı. Fakat 1924'te Afrika'ya döndüğünde sağlık durumu iyi olmayan eşi ile kızı ona eşlik edemediler, ancak sık yazışmalarla ilişkilerini sürdürebildiler. Çocukluğunda babasını pek az görebilen Rhena, büyüyüp kendi çocukları olduğunda onlarla birlikte Afrika'ya gitti ve hastanenin laboratuvarında babası ile birlikte çalıştı. Rhena, babasının ölümünden sonra da hastanenin yönetimini üstlendi. Hastanede gönüllü çalışan Amerikalı doktor David Miller ile evlendi ve 1997'de ölümüne kadar Georgia kırsalında onunla yaşadı.

Dr. Schweitzer'in ünü yıllar içinde artmıştı ve pek çok gazeteci ve meraklı onun çalışmalarını görmek için Lambaréné'e gitmişlerdi. Ziyaretçilere herkesin kendi Lambaéné'sini bulması gerektiğini söylediği rivayet edilir. Dr. Schweitzer, 1953 yılında 1952 Nobel Barış Ödülü'nü aldı. Ödülü aldıktan sonra, ömrünü politikadan uzakta geçirmeye çalıştıysa da nükleer silahlanma ve Hiroşima vr Nagazaki'nin bombalanma olaylarından duyduğu rahatsızlık onu bu konuyu araştırmaya ve arkadaşlarının da teşviki ile 1957 Bilinç Deklarasyonu adlı dünyaca ilgi gören deklarasyonunu yayınlamaya yöneltti. 1958'de ise "Barış mı yoksa Atom Savaşı mı?" adlı bir kitap yazdı.

Dr. Schweitzer, 1965'te 90 yaşında hayatını kaybettiğinde hastanenin bahçesine gömüldü. Öldüğünde hastanesi 72 binalı 600 yataklı 6 doktor ve 35 hemşireli bir hastane olmuştu.

Yaşama Saygı Felsefesi
Yaşama Saygı, hayatta emin olduğumuz tek şeyin yaşadığımız ve yaşamımızı sürdürme isteğimiz olduğunu söyler. Bu, kendimizden başka tüm canlılarla (fillerden yerdeki otlara kadar) paylaştığımız bir şeydir. Öyleyse tüm canlıların kardeşleriyiz ve kendimize gösterilmesini istediğimiz ilgi ve saygıyı onlara göstermek zorundayız.

Ödülleri
 Nobel Barış Ödülü (1952)
 Sonning Ödülü (1959)

Kaynakça
 Schewitzer.org
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtEmDJXmpNo  - Albert Schweitzer - Kimlik - Sat7 Türk
 Albertschweitzer.info

1875 doğumlular
1965 yılında ölenler
19. yüzyılda Almanlar
19. yüzyılda Fransızlar
19. yüzyılda Hristiyanlar
20. yüzyılda Almanlar
20. yüzyılda Fransızlar
20. yüzyılda Hristiyanlar
Alman hekimler
Alman orgcular
Alman vejetaryenler
Alman Üniteryenler
Fransız Üniteryenler
Nobel Barış Ödülü sahipleri
Hristiyan misyonerler
Müzik tarihçileri
Antroposofi
Alman Nobel Ödülü sahipleri
Protestan ilahiyatçılar
Protestan misyonerler

Albert Schweitzer


Curse Trăsnite (în engleză Wacky Races) este un serial de televiziune american de desene animate, dezvoltat de Rebecca Himot și Tramm Wigzell. Este un reboot al serialului animat din 1968 de la Hanna-Barbera cu nume identic.

Serialul a debutat în cadrul serviciului SVOD Boomerang din Statele Unite pe 14 august 2017. Premiera în România a avut loc pe 20 noiembrie 2017 pe canalul Boomerang.

Premisă
Cursele Trăsnite revin în acțiune! E întoarcerea lui Dick Dastardly, Muttley, Peter Perfectul, Penelope Pitstop și Gruesome Twosome! Noi personaje sunt introduse în această incarnație, cum ar fi I.Q. Ickly, Brick Crashman, P.T. Barnstorm și Pandora Pitstop.

În timp ce serialul e potrivit originalului, se mai concentrează și pe viețile personale ale piloților, povești sunt adăugate, și de obicei nu e niciun câștigător sau pierzător actual la curse.

Personaje

Concurenți
 Dick Dastardly și Muttley - principalii antagoniști ai serialului, care fac tot posibilul să saboteze curse în așa fel încât ei să fie câștigătorii. Dick Dastardly este portretizat în acest serial ca fiind un papă-lapte și un încăpățânat, față de incarnarea sa veche care era mai adunată și mai ingenioasă în elaborarea planurilor de trișat. Muttley rămâne același patruped canin dichisit, care râde la eșecurile stăpânului său, dar care însă se dovedește a fi capabil de multe giumbușlucuri și trucuri puțin ieșite din comun.
 Penelope Pitstop - Este o concurentă îmbrăcată numai în roz care are multă grijă de înfățișarea sa, dar este și foarte pasionată de aventură, și plină de ambiție.
 Peter Perfect - Este cel mai chipeș concurent al curselor, dar din păcate nu la fel de deștept. În ciuda numelui său, Peter nu este mai de loc "perfect", și de obicei îi enervează pe ceilalți cu pălăvrăgelile sale și cu laudele pe sine despre cât de puternic și în formă e (și de fapt el nu este de loc așa). Într-un episod aflăm că Peter este originar din orașul "Perfectville", de unde a fost dat afară de ceilalți deoarece acesta nu respecta normele orașului, și anume că nu era destul de perfect și total opusul lor.
 Tiny și Bella Gruesome (Gruesome Twosome) - concurenții misterioși și monstruoși ai curselor, care în ciuda aparențelor au o inimă bună și sunt prietenoși cu ceilalți colegi ai lor. Tiny, în ciuda numelui său, este un monstru mare și verde de tip Frankestein care e cam cu capul în nori și dus cu pluta, iar Bella este un tip scund albastru și un fel de vampir, care se poate transforma în liliac. De obicei Bella este șeful din cei doi, iar Tiny îl urmează mereu, chiar dacă uneori intră în belele. Când vrea să arate afecțiune, Tiny de obicei ia în brațe persoana respectivă (de obicei pe Peter) și îl strânge puernic.
 I.Q. Ickly - Un nou personaj introdus în acest serial. Este cel mai tânăr concurent al curselor, un mic băiețel care este creierul echipei. I.Q. este foarte deștept, iar mașina sa este dotată cu tot felul de gadget-uri care pot face cam orice, și chiar are un microfon care îi poate răspunde la orice întrebare. De asemenea gadget-urile lui îl pot ajuta să treacă de toate obstacolele întâlnite pe traseu în timpul curselor. Uneori el vorbește cam mult despre anumite lucruri științifice, ceea ce de obicei îi obosesc pe ceilalți concurenți (mai ales pe Dastardly).
 Căpitanul Dash, Polly, Bugsy, Bluebeard și Davey Bones - De asemenea personaje noi introduse, ei sunt concurenții pirați ai curselor. Au o mașină construită ca o corabie. Toți dintrei ei vorbesc cu un accent marinăresc. Ei nu apar în fiecare episod, iar mai târziu au fost complet scoși din serial deoarece publicul nu i-au agreat.
 Pandora Pitstop - Un alt personaj nou introdus, și sora geamănă malefică a Penelopei Pitstop. Aceasta își urește sora, și se consideră cea mai frumoasă și mai specială dintre cele două. Uneori încearcă să saboteze cursa la fel de mult cum o fac și Dastardly și Muttley. Ca și concurenții pirați, ea nu apare în fiecare episod al serialului.

Alte personaje
 Brick Crashman - este gazda Curselor Trăsnite, care prezintă fiecare episod al serialului. Este văzut în ipostaze și convoaie diferite în funcție de episod (și tema acestuia), și de asemenea îmbrăcat diferit. Uneori condusul trăsnit al concurenților îi mai provoacă mici accidente, dar întotdeauna acesta rezistă și continuă să prezinte, chiar și cu cele mai mari răni.
 P.T. Barnstorm - este deținătoarea și cea care sponsorizează franciza Cursele Trăsnite. Ea este o femeie scundă cu părul alb care poartă haine și pălărie de cowboy.

Episoade

Referințe

Legături externe

Boomerang
Desene animate
Seriale de televiziune din 2017
Desene animate produse de Warner Bros.
Seriale de animație

Curse Trăsnite (2017)


Les élections législatives dans l'Ain ont lieu les dimanche  et . Elles ont pour but d'élire les députés représentant le département à la Chambre des députés pour un mandat de quatre années.

Mode de scrutin

L'élection se fait donc au scrutin d'arrondissement, soit un mode uninominal majoritaire à deux tours.

La circonscription pour l'élection est l'arrondissement.
Le scrutin est individuel, chaque arrondissement élisant un député.
Les arrondissements qui ont plus de cent mille habitants sont divisés. Dans ce cas on élit un député par circonscription électorale crée.

Seul l'arrondissement de Bourg-en-Bresse est divisé en deux.

L'article 18 précise qu'il faut réunir pour être élu au premier tour :
 la majorité absolue des suffrages exprimés ;
 un nombre de suffrages égal au quart des électeurs inscrits.
Au deuxième tour la majorité relative suffit. En cas d'égalité c'est le plus âgé qui est élu.

Résultats

Députés sortants et députés élus

Résultats à l'échelle du département

Circonscription de Belley

*sortant

Circonscription de Bourg-en-Bresse-1

*sortant

Circonscription de Bourg-en-Bresse-2

*sortant

Circonscription de Gex

*sortant

Circonscription de Nantua

*sortant

Circonscription de Trévoux

*sortant

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Élections législatives françaises de 1902
 Liste des députés de l'Ain
 Chambre des députés

Lien externe

Législatives, 1902
Ain

Élections législatives de 1902 dans l'Ain