Tors de tânăr este o sculptură (în mai multe variante) creată de Constantin Brâncuși între 1917 și 1922. Acesta descrie trunchiul masculin ca un cilindru montat pe niște picioare cilindrice,  tăiate la jumătatea coapsei.

 a subliniat că sculptura, fără organe genitale, este în sine un falus cu testicule.

Versiuni
Există mai multe versiuni. Primul Tors de tânăr a fost sculptat dintr-o creangă  din lemn de arțar sub formă de furcă, montat pe un bloc de calcar. Sculptura este acum în Galeria  Brodsky de la .

O sculptură similară, datată 1923 și sculptată în lemn de nuc, este în Muzeul Național de Artă Modernă la Centrul Georges Pompidou din Paris. De asemenea, Brâncuși a făcut două variante de Tors de tânăr din bronz șlefuit care se află la  și la .

Referințe

Vezi și
 Lista sculpturilor lui Constantin Brâncuși

Legături externe

 Sit web oficial despre Brâncuși

Sculpturi de Constantin Brâncuși
Sculpturi din 1917

Tors de tânăr


Dongen () er en kommune og en by i den sydlige provins Noord-Brabant i Nederlandene. Byen har  indbyggere.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Website van de Gemeente Dongen
 Regionaal Archief Tilburg  - Regions Arkiv over Dongen

Byer i Nord-Brabant
Kommuner i Nord-Brabant

Dongen


الألعاب الفرانكوفونية السادسة هي ألعاب رياضية ومنافسات ثقافية يشارك فيها الدول الأعضاء في المنظمة الفرانكوفونية تستضيفها لبنان. يتنافس في هذه الألعاب مشاركون من 46 دولة. بدأت المنافسات يوم 27 سبتمبر وتنتهي يوم 6 أكتوبر.

الافتتاح
افتتحت الدورة السادسة للألعاب الفرنكوفونية بعرض فني استضافته مدينة كميل شمعون الرياضية. وانطلق الحفل في حضور نحو 20 ألف متفرج تقدمهم رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية ميشال سليمان وأمين عام المنظمة الفرنكوفونية السنغالي عبدو ضيوف والأمير ألبير دو موناكو ورئيس حكومة فرنسا فرنسوا فيون ووفود وزارية ورسمية من عدد كبير من الدول المشاركة في الدورة، وشخصيات سياسية وفعاليات والوفود الرياضية والثقافية المشاركة من 42 دولة.

على مساحة 18 ألف متر مربع، وبمشاركة 1200 فنان ومؤد وموسيقي، تجسدت رحلة «الذهاب والعودة» من خلال الألوان والأضواء ومجسمات الشاطئ والأمواج والسهل والجبل والقلاع والقصور والفسيفساء ورونق الحرف.

تم تقسيم الحفل إلى أربعة أقسام: فقرات موسيقية، مراسم رسمية، العرض الفني وحفلة غنائية مع السنغالي يوسو ندور.

أنشطة الدورة
تضم الدورة السادسة 7 مسابقات رياضية هي ألعاب القوى وكرة القدم للناشئين وكرة السلة للسيدات وكرة الطاولة والجودو والملاكمة، بالإضافة إلى الكرة الطائرة الشاطئية.

ولا تقتصر النشاطات على الطابع الرياضي فقط، بل تضم الدورة 7 مسابقات ثقافية هي الغناء والرقص والنحت والرسم والتصوير الفوتوغرافي والقصص والأدب (القصة القصيرة).

وعلى هامش الألعاب، نظمت نشاطات متنوعة كالسهرات الغنائية ومسرح الشارع ونشاطات رياضية بين المدارس والجامعات.

الدول المشاركة

روزنامة
روزنامة الألعاب:

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قائمة الميداليات

مراجع

الألعاب الفرانكوفونية
الرياضة في لبنان
أحداث رياضية
أحداث رياضية متعددة في 2009
أحداث رياضية متعددة في لبنان
أحداث في ملعب مدينة كميل شمعون الرياضية
رياضة لبنانية في 2009
بيروت في عقد 2000
منافسات رياضية دولية تستضيفها لبنان
منافسات رياضية في بيروت

الألعاب الفرانكوفونية 2009


To Be Kind est le treizième album studio du groupe de rock expérimental américain Swans, sorti le 12 mai 2014, sous la forme d'un triple LP, d'un double CD et d'une édition de luxe 2 CD qui comprend les enregistrements des concerts donnés au Hellfest Open Air Festival, au Pitchfork Music Festival et au Primavera Sound Festival, ainsi qu'un téléchargement au format numérique. La réception critique de l'album a été très positive, poursuivant une série d'albums du groupe salués par la critique. L'album a culminé à la  position du Billboard 200 américain et a fait ses débuts à la  place du UK Albums Chart. Ces deux classements sont les plus élevés atteints par Swans pour un album studio. C'est aussi la première fois que le groupe se classe simultanément dans le top 40 dans ces deux pays.

Historique
To Be Kind a été produit par le leader du groupe Michael Gira et enregistré par John Congleton dans les studios Sonic Ranch et Congleton (Dallas, USA). Les répétitions ont commencé au Sonic Ranch en octobre 2013 et l'enregistrement a démarré peu de temps après. Le mixage s'est terminé à Congleton courant décembre 2013. La plupart des morceaux a été développée à l'occasion des tournées effectuées par le groupe en 2012 et 2013. L'album comporte  des invités : St. Vincent, Cold Specks, Little Annie et Bill Rieflin. La chanson A Little God in My Hands ainsi que la pochette de l'album sont révélés le 21 mars. Six images de têtes de bébés, créées par Bob Biggs en , ont été utilisés comme pochette pour l'album.

Références

Liens externes

Album publié par Mute Records
Album musical sorti en 2014

To Be Kind


Arginase (, arginine amidinase, canavanase, L-arginase, arginine transamidinase) is a manganese-containing enzyme. The reaction catalyzed by this enzyme is:
 arginine + H2O → ornithine + urea
It is the final enzyme of the urea cycle. It is ubiquitous to all domains of life.

Structure and function
Arginase belongs to the ureohydrolase family of enzymes.

Arginase catalyzes the fifth and final step in the urea cycle, a series of biochemical reactions in mammals during which the body disposes of harmful ammonia. Specifically, arginase converts L-arginine into L-ornithine and urea. Mammalian arginase is active as a trimer, but some bacterial arginases are hexameric. The enzyme requires a two-molecule metal cluster of manganese in order to maintain proper function. These Mn2+ ions coordinate with water, orienting and stabilizing the molecule and allowing water to act as a nucleophile and attack L-arginine, hydrolyzing it into ornithine and urea.

In most mammals, two isozymes of this enzyme exist; the first, Arginase I, functions in the urea cycle, and is located primarily in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes (liver cells). The second isozyme, Arginase II, has been implicated in the regulation of intracellular arginine/ornithine levels. It is located in mitochondria of several tissues in the body, with most abundance in the kidney and prostate. It may be found at lower levels in macrophages, lactating mammary glands, and brain. The second isozyme may be found in the absence of other urea cycle enzymes.

Mechanism

The active site holds L-arginine in place via hydrogen bonding between the guanidine group with Glu227. This bonding orients L-arginine for nucleophilic attack by the metal-associated hydroxide ion at the guanidine group. This results in a tetrahedral intermediate. The manganese ions act to stabilize both the hydroxyl group in the tetrahedral intermediate, as well as the developing sp3 lone electron pair on the NH2 group as the tetrahedral intermediate is formed.

Arginase's active site is extraordinarily specific. Modifying the substrate structure and/or stereochemistry severely lowers the kinetic activity of the enzyme. This specificity occurs due to the high number of hydrogen bonds between substrate and enzyme; direct or water-facilitated hydrogen bonds exist, saturating both the four acceptor positions on the alpha carboxylate  group and all three positions on the alpha amino group. N-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA), an intermediate of NO biosynthesis, is a moderate inhibitor of arginase. Crystal structure of its complex with the enzyme reveals that it displaces the metal-bridging hydroxide ion and bridges the binuclear manganese cluster.

Additionally, 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexonic acid (ABH) is an L-arginine analogue that also creates a tetrahedral intermediate similar to that formed in the catalysis of the natural substrate, and is a potent inhibitor of human arginase I.

Role in sexual response

Arginase II is coexpressed with nitric oxide (NO) synthase in smooth muscle tissue, such as the muscle in the genitals of both men and women. The contraction and relaxation of these muscles has been attributed to NO synthase, which causes rapid relaxation of smooth muscle tissue and facilitates engorgement of tissue necessary for normal sexual response. However, since NO synthase and arginase compete for the same substrate (L-arginine), over-expressed arginase can affect NO synthase activity and NO-dependent smooth muscle relaxation by depleting the substrate pool of L-arginine that would otherwise be available to NO synthase. In contrast, inhibiting arginase with ABH or other boronic acid inhibitors will maintain normal cellular levels of arginine, thus allowing for normal muscle relaxation and sexual response.

Arginase is a controlling factor in both male erectile function and female sexual arousal, and is therefore a potential target for treatment of sexual dysfunction in both sexes. Additionally, supplementing the diet with additional L-arginine will decrease the amount of competition between arginase and NO synthase by providing extra substrate for each enzyme.

Pathology

Arginase deficiency typically refers to decreased function of arginase I, the liver isoform of arginase. This deficiency is commonly referred to as hyperargininemia or arginemia. The disorder is hereditary and autosomal recessive. It is characterized by lowered activity of arginase in hepatic cells. It is considered to be the rarest of the heritable defects in ureagenesis. Arginase deficiency, unlike other urea cycle disorders, does not entirely prevent ureagenesis. A proposed reason for the continuation of arginase function is suggested by increased activity of arginase II in the kidneys of subjects with arginase I deficiency. Researchers believe that buildup of arginine triggers increased expression of arginase II. The enzymes in the kidney will then catalyze ureagenesis, compensating somewhat for a decrease in arginase I activity in the liver. Due to this alternate method of removing excess arginine and ammonia from the bloodstream, subjects with arginase deficiency tend to have longer lifespans than those who have other urea cycle defects.

Symptoms of the disorder include neurological impairment, dementia, retardation of growth, and hyperammonemia. While some symptoms of the disease can be controlled via dietary restrictions and pharmaceutical developments, no cure or completely effective therapy currently exists.

References

External links

  GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Arginase Deficiency
 Arginase family signature and profile in PROSITE

EC 3.5.3
Urea cycle

Arginase


Carl Georg Wever (* 26. Mai 1807 in Schwelm; † 6. Juli 1884 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Jurist und preußischer Generalstaatsanwalt.

Leben
Nach Ablegung des Abiturs am Gymnasium in Soest absolvierte er ab 1826 ein Jurastudium an der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Danach war er ab 1831 als Referendar und ab 1834 als Assessor am Landgericht Köln tätig. 1839 wurde er zum Staatsprokurator und 1847 zum Oberprokurator in Kleve ernannt. 1855 übersiedelte er als Obertribunalrat nach Berlin. 1869 erfolgte seine Ernennung zum preußischen Generalstaatsanwalt beim königlichen Obertribunal und schließlich 1876 zum Kronsyndikus. Als solcher war er der rechtliche Vertreter des Königs in allen Strafangelegenheiten. Zwischenzeitlich wurde er 1872 mittels Pairsschub durch Allerhöchsten Erlass zum Mitglied des Preußischen Herrenhauses berufen. Anlässlich seines 50-jährigen Dienstjubiläums erhielt er 1879 den Titel Wirklicher Geheimer Rat mit dem Prädikat Exzellenz. Gleichzeitig wurde ihm von der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn die juristische Ehrendoktorwürde verliehen. Noch im gleichen Jahr bat er jedoch (mit 72 Jahren) um die Versetzung in den Ruhestand, um einer vorgesehenen Berufung an das neu gebildete Reichsgericht in Leipzig zu entgehen.

Familie
Seine Eltern waren der Kaufmann Friedrich Moritz Samuel Wever und Petronella Wever, geborene Moery. Er heiratete 1843 Catharina (Cateau) Wilhelmine Johanna Tavenraat (1822–1894), eine Schwester des Landschaftsmalers Johannes Tavenraat. Aus der Ehe gingen sechs Söhne hervor: Karl Johann Heinrich Wever (1847–1930, Jurist), Arnold Wever (1850–1922, Bankdirektor, nach ihm ist die Weverpromenade in Berlin-Steglitz benannt), Fritz Wever (als Kind verstorben); Hermann Wever (1853–1911, Jurist), Wilhelm Dietrich Wever (1855–1929, Landwirt und Bankier), Walther Wever (1859–1922, Diplomat). Ein Enkel von Carl Georg Wever und Sohn von Arnold Wever ist Walther Wever (1887–1936, Generalleutnant und Chef des Generalstabs der Luftwaffe).

Die Familiengrabstätte befindet sich nach einer Umbettung auf dem Südwestkirchhof Stahnsdorf.

Literatur
 Walther Wever: Geschichte der Familie Wever. Berlin 1898, S. 34 ff.
 Peter Hahn: Pair von König, Kaiser, Kanzler. Zum 200. Geburtstag von Georg Carl Wever, preußischer Generalstabschef. In: Märkische Allgemeine Zeitung, 62. Jahrgang 2007, Nr. 147 (vom 27. Juni 2007), S. 25. (online)

Weblinks
 Wever-online.de

Generalstaatsanwalt (Deutschland)
Mitglied des Preußischen Herrenhauses
Kronsyndikus
Ehrendoktor der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Deutscher
Geboren 1807
Gestorben 1884
Mann
Wirklicher Geheimer Rat

Carl Georg Wever


Georges Yves-Marie Nyo, né à Ploubalay le  et mort à Clamart le , est un général de division français des troupes coloniales.

Il est commandant du Sud de l'actuel Viêt Nam au début de la guerre d'Indochine.

Biographie
Georges Nyo est le fils de Ferdinand Nyo et de Mélanie Perrodo.

Première Guerre mondiale
Engagé volontaire en août 1914 lors de la Première Guerre mondiale, il est promu sous-lieutenant en décembre 1914, lieutenant en mai 1916 puis capitaine en mai 1918. Il est cité cinq fois au cours du conflit et est blessé deux fois à  la main et au poignet par balle.

Entre-deux-guerres
Après avoir terminé ses études à l'École militaire de Saint-Cyr puis à l'École supérieure de guerre (1923-1925), Georges Nyo commence sa carrière militaire dans les troupes coloniales.

En 1925, il est envoyé en AOF.

En 1930, il est promu chef de bataillon puis sert en Indochine française où il combat les rebelles dans les montagnes de la chaîne Annamitique.

De retour en métropole, il est promu lieutenant-colonel en 1936 puis entre 1937 et 1939, il dirige depuis l'AOF, le Service de Renseignement Intercolonial (SRI), équivalent à un 2e bureau des colonies, créé par le ministre des colonies Marius Moutet, avec comme adjoint le colonel Raoul Salan. Le SRI est composé de huit secteurs : Shanghai (commandant Valluy), Hanoï (colonel Levain), Nouméa (capitaine Trocard), Djibouti (capitaine Trocard), Tananarive (commandant Jean Chrétien), Dakar (commandant Jean Chrétien), Brazzaville et Fort-de-France.

Seconde Guerre mondiale
Après la capitulation de la France en 1940 à Compiègne, il poursuit son service et en 1943 sert en Afrique du Nord française, puis rejoint les Forces françaises libres. Il accède au rang de général de brigade.

Indochine
En août 1945, le général Nyo commande la nouvelle 3e division d'infanterie coloniale (cette division avait combattu en 1940 sous les ordres du général Falvy près de Montmédy sur la ligne Maginot et ensuite s'était dispersée). Cette division regroupe alors 17.000 hommes. Elle est envoyée en février 1946 en Indochine et s'agrège au Corps expéditionnaire. Les Français doivent affronter les troupes communistes d'Hồ Chí Minh dirigeant du Việt Minh, soutenu par les communistes chinois qui profitent de la défaite de l'empire du Japon et enclenchent la révolution d'août de la république démocratique du Viêt Nam. La 3e division coloniale du général Nyo repousse avec l'aide de la 9e division d'infanterie coloniale le Viêt Minh et stabilise le front en décembre, si bien que les troupes de l'Armée des Indes britanniques dirigées par le général Gracey peuvent se retirer.

Le général Nyo reçoit juridiction sur le sud de la région: en Cochinchine et dans le sud de l'Annam où il s'efforce de chasser complètement les troupes du Việt Minh de cette partie du pays. Cependant, comme il ne disposait pas de suffisamment de troupes pour une occupation globale du pays, Nyo applique la stratégie de la « pacification tournante », dans laquelle ses troupes font des rotations d'une région à l'autre. Mais face à la tactique de guérilla appliquée par le Việt Minh, cette méthode est peu fructueuse et l'on compte de nombreuses pertes dans la population civile prise en otage par le Viêt Minh qui applique une stratégie de la terreur auprès des populations rurales ayant bénéficié de la pacification. Bien que la France et le Việt Minh aient convenu en septembre 1946 de cesser les hostilités dans le cadre de l'accord du 6 mars et du modus vivendi, le général Nyo continue à prendre des mesures contre les  et les , ce qu'il précise expressément dans une ordonnance rendue le 30 octobre. En retour, le Việt Minh augmente de plus en plus ses infiltrations dans les régions du sud et terrorise les Vietnamiens neutres.

Le 3 novembre, des pourparlers de paix ont lieu à Hanoï entre le général Nyo (devenu général de division) et le représentant du Việt-Minh, Hoàng Hữu Nam, sur la situation au sud; mais ils n'aboutissent pas. Quelques semaines plus tard, le bombardement de Haïphong a lieu, ce qui provoque l'escalade et le début de la guerre d'Indochine. Le général Nyo est nommé commandant régional du Viêt Nam du Sud, confirmant en fait sa position précédente. Après plus d'un an où peu de choses avaient changé dans le sud, Nyo est remplacé en février 1948 par le général de Latour du Moulin.

Le général Nyo entre dans la réserve en 1955 et prend sa retraite.

Décorations principales
 Légion d'Honneur : Chevalier, Officier (1936), Commandeur (1946), Grand officier (1950)
 Croix de Guerre 1914-1918 (5 citations)

Notes et références

Général français du XXe siècle
Militaire français de la guerre d'Indochine
Naissance en mai 1895
Naissance dans les Côtes-du-Nord
Décès en avril 1980
Décès à Clamart
Décès à 84 ans

Georges Nyo


Anne Bonny (født 8. marts 1702, død 22. april 1782) var en irsk pirat. Hun var datter af advokaten William Cormac og hans tjenestepige Mary (eller Peg) Brennan. Hendes far flygtede fra Irland og bosatte sig med sin tjenestepige og Anne på en plantage i Charleston, South Carolina.

Anne trivedes ikke på sin fars plantage og blev allerede som 16-åring gift med sømanden og piraten James Bonny og hun rejste med ham til New Providence på Bahamas som var en velkendt piratrede.
Her mødte hun den berygtede pirat Jack Rackham, og de to begyndte et romantisk forhold. For at undslippe sin mand, forklædte Anne Bonny sig som mand og kom med i Rackhams mandskab på piratskibet "Revenge". En anden kvindelig pirat i Rackhams mandskab, også i forklædning, var hans løjtnant Mary Read. Bonny og Rackham blev forelskede og indledte et forhold, og de endte med at få 7 børn.

I 1720 gik pirat-jægeren kaptajnen Barnet til angreb på Rackhams skib. Rackham og store dele af mandskabet var beruset, så modstanden han mødte var lille. Alle ombord blev dømt for piratvirksomhed og hængt, bortset fra Bonny og Read. Begge påstod at være med barn, og ifølge det britiske retsvæsen på denne tiden var det forbudt at henrette gravide. Etter dette forsvinder både Bonny og Read fra kilderne. Det har vært spekuleret i om Bonny blev hængt året efter, eller om hun fik pardon og flyttede tilbage til sin fars plantage.

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger
 Anne Bonny på TheWayofthePirates.com
 A General History of the Pyrates
 Anne Bonny på onthisday.com
 Anne Bonny  på republicofpirates.net

Pirater
Personer fra Irland

Anne Bonny


Peygamber (Farsça: پیامبر) veya yalvaç, Tanrı aracılığıyla bir dini veya dinî öğretiyi yaymakla görevlendirildiğine inanılan kişidir. Peygamberler ayrıca dinî terminolojide ayet, işaret veya mucize denilen doğaüstü güç veya olayların kendilerine atfedildiği mitolojik veya yarı mitolojik insanlardır. İbrahimî dinlerin inananları, peygamberlerin Tanrı'dan aldıkları "vahiy" adlı mesajları diğer insanlara ulaştırdıklarına inanırlar.

Etimoloji ve geleneğin oluşması

Peygamber sözcüğü Türkçeye Farsçadan geçmiştir. Peygamber, Arapça resul sözcüğünün Farsça karşılığıdır. Kökeni olan peyam, haber anlamına gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla peygamber, "haberci" anlamını taşır. "Resul" ise (رسول: Risalet eden/edici) "elçi" demektir. Benzer bir anlama gelen Arapçadaki "Nebi" (نبي) sözcüğü, yine haber demek olan "nebe" kökeninden türemiş "haberci" anlamında bir sözcüktür ve Türkçede de kullanılır. Ayrıca Türkçe yalvaç sözcüğü de peygamber anlamına gelir.

Arapça Nebi kelimesinin kökeninin Nebo'ya dayandığı düşünülmektedir.

En eski toplumlarda, tanrısal buyruklara dayanan kitabeler üzerine yazılmış, yasa yapma geleneği bulunuyordu. Bu kral da öldükten sonra tanrılar arasına karışırdı. Bazen bu yazdırma işini bir elçi- tanrı üstlenirdi (Nabu). Bu gelenek yasalara uymayanların, inanılan tanrılarca cezalandırılacağı inancıyla birlikte yasaların etkinliğini artırıcı bir fonksiyon icra etmekteydi.

Yazının ve yazı malzemelerinin gelişmesi ile birlikte bu uygulama ilahi ilham ile kitap yazma-yazdırılma ve kendisine yazdırılan/ilham edilen kişinin özel, toplum için seçilmiş, gönderilmiş bir kişi olduğu iddiaları ile birlikte devam etti. Günümüzde bile bu iddiaya sahip yasa, kitap ve külliyatlar oluşturulmaya ve kendilerine uygulama alanı bulmaya devam etmektedirler. Mustafa İslamoğlu günümüzde İslam dünyasında Kur'an'dan sonra Allah tarafından yazdırıldığına inanılan 6 adet kitaptan ve bunların İslam'dan ayrılan birer din olarak değerlendirilebileceklerinden bahsederek Türkiye coğrafyasından Mevlânâ Celâleddîn-i Rûmî ve Said Nursi'yi örnek olarak veriyor.

İbrahimî dinler

Yahudilik
[[Dosya:Rembrandt - Moses Smashing the Tablets of the Law - WGA19132.jpg|küçükresim|upright=0.85|Öfkelenen Musa (Moşe) Yahudi inancına göre Yehova'nın kendi parmakları ile yazıp verdiği taş tableti kırıyor. Rembrandt, 1659]]
Tanah'ta bahsi geçen dinî şahısların büyük kısmı Yahudilik tarafından peygamber kabul edilmez, din büyüğü olarak anılır. Yahudiliğe göre İsa, beklenen mesih değildir ve Muhammed, peygamber değildir.

 Hristiyanlık
Yahudilik gibi Hristiyanlıkta da Kitâb-ı Mukaddes'teki şahısların çoğu sadece din büyüğü olarak anılır. Hristiyanlığa göre Muhammed, Joseph Smith veya Bahaullah gibi kişiler peygamber değildir.

İslam öğretisinde aktarılanın aksine Hristiyanlık, İncil'in, Tanrı tarafından vahiyler aracılığıyla İsa'ya bildirilmiş bir kitap olduğunu iddia etmez. Dört İncil'in İsa'nın göğe yükselişinden çok sonraları havariler tarafından "tanrısal ilham" aracılığıyla kaleme alındığı kabul olunur ve bunlar İsa'nın yaşamını anlatır. Hristiyanlığın kutsal kitabı Kitâb-ı Mukaddes, incillerle beraber 23 kutsal Hristiyan metnini daha bünyesinde barındıran "Yeni Antlaşma" ve Tevrat'la beraber 29 Yahudi metnini daha kabul eden "Eski Antlaşma"nın birleşimidir. Yahudilik ve Hristiyanlığa göre Zebur (Mezmurlar), Davud veya Süleyman tarafından yazılmış şiirlerdir.

Hristiyanlığa göre İsa beklenen mesihtir ve Tanrı'yı oluşturan, Baba, Oğul ve Kutsal Ruh üçlemesindeki "Oğul"dur. Katolik mezhebine göre ise İsa'dan sonraki en önemli dinî kişi İsa'nın annesi Meryem'dir.

 İslam

İslam'da peygamberler, Allah'ın dünyadaki elçisi kabul edilir. Kur'an'da 25 peygamberin ismi geçer. Kur'an'da geçen peygamberlerin yaklaşık kronolojik sırası şöyledir:

Adem, İdris, Nuh, Hud, Salih, İbrahim, Lut, İsmail, İshak, Yakub, Yusuf, Eyüp, Şuayb, Musa, Harun, Zul-Kifl, Davud, Süleyman, İlyas, Elyesa, Yunus, Zekeriya, Yahya, İsa ve Muhammed.

İslam peygamberlerinin büyük bir kısmı Yahudilik ve Hristiyanlıkta peygamber kabul edilmez, sadece din büyüğü olarak anılırlar. İsa, Yahudilik tarafından; Muhammed, her iki din tarafından da peygamber kabul edilmez.

İslam'da peygamberler günahsız kişilerdir ve tüm peygamberler erkektir. Her topluluğa peygamber gönderildiğine inanılır.

Muhammed, İslam'a göre Hatemül Enbiya (son peygamber) kabul edilir. İslam'da peygamberlere geldiğine inanılan 4 büyük kitap vardır:

Tevrat (Musa),  Zebur (Davud),  İncil (İsa),  Kur'an (Muhammed).

Kur'an'da birçok peygamberin dünyaya gönderilmiş olduğu belirtilir:

"Muhammed, ancak bir peygamberdir. Ondan önce de peygamberler gelip geçmiştir. Şayet o ölür veya öldürülürse, ökçeleriniz üzerine eski dininize geri mi döneceksiniz? Kim ökçesi üzerine geri dönerse Allah'a hiçbir zarar veremez. Ama Allah, şükredenleri mükâfatlandıracaktır." (Al-i İmran Suresi, 144)"...Siz haddi aşan bir kavim oldunuz diye Kur'an'ı size göndermekten vaz mı geçelim? Hâlbuki daha önceki toplumlara da nice peygamberler göndermiştik..."  (Zuhruf Suresi, 5-6)''

Kur'an'a göre İsa ile Muhammed arasındaki dönemde dünyaya peygamber gönderilmemiştir.

Mormonluk

Mormonluk Kitâb-ı Mukaddes ve Mormon Kitabı'nda bahsi geçen peygamberleri, İsa Mesih'in Son Zaman Azizler Kilisesi'nin kurucusu Joseph Smith'i ve Kilise'nin başkanlarını peygamber kabul etmektedir.

Bahailik
Bahailik, peygamberler konusunda İslam'la aynı inanca sahiptir. İslam'la ayrılan temel noktaları; Bab ve Bahaullah'ı peygamber kabul etmesi ve gelecekte, geleceğin ihtiyaçlarına ve insan kapasitesine göre yeni peygamberler gönderileceğini kabul etmesidir.

Diğer dinler
Tarih içerisindeki yeri incelendiğinde, peygamberlik kavramının İbrahimî dinlerde yer aldığı ve Orta Doğu'ya özgü olduğu görülmektedir.

Asya'nın Budizm, Hinduizm, Maniheizm ve Şintoizm gibi dinlerinde, Avrupa'nın pagan inançlarında veya Afrika'nın yerel kabile dinlerinde Tanrı'dan aldığı buyrukları insanlara açıklayan peygamberlere rastlanmamıştır (Üstelik "Vedalar" adlı kutsal metinlere sahip Hinduizm, çok tanrılı bir inançtır).

Orta Doğu dışarısında ortaya çıkmış dinler arasından bazılarının kurucuları bilinmektedir fakat bu kurucular, kurmuş oldukları dinin mensuplarınca "din büyüğü" olarak kabul görmektedirler; İbrahimî dinlerdeki gibi bir "peygamberlik" görevi söz konusu değildir.

Kadın peygamberler
Kuran'da kadın peygamberden bahsedilmez.

Tevrat'ın Tekvin 15:20 ayetinde Peygamber Miryam'dan, Hakimler 4:4'te Peygamber Debora'dan, 2. Tarihler 34:22'de Şallum'un karısı Peygamber Hulda'dan, Nehemya 6:14'te Peygamber Nadya'dan söz eder.

Aynı şekilde, Yeni Antlaşma'nın Luka 2:36 ayetinde "Aşer oymağından Fenuel'in kızı Anna adında çok yaşlı bir peygamber vardı. Genç kız olarak evlenip kocasıyla yedi yıl yaşadıktan sonra dul kalmıştı." ifadeleriyle bir başka kadın peygamberden bahsedilir.

Kaynakça ve notlar

Farsçadan Türkçeye geçen sözcükler

Peygamber


Ostaci kaštela, Trg Petra Zrinskog (Vrbovec), ostaci građevine u mjestu i općini Vrbovec, zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis
Kaštel obitelji Patačić je uz dvokatnu kulu kružnog tlocrta jedina sačuvana građevina nekadašnjeg utvrđenog grada Vrbovca. Izvorno je kaštel kasnosrednjovjekovnog porijekla bio trokrilni objekt građen većinom od drveta, no nakon što je izgorio 1755. godine pregrađen je od strane obitelji Patačić i dobiva današnji izgled. Njegovo sjeverno krilo je pregrađeno i postaje jednokatan zidani slobodnostojeći objekt izduljenog pravokutnog tlocrta, a kao zaseban element sačuvana je dvokatna kula stožastog krova. Riječ je o značajnim profanim objektima grada Vrbovca smještenim u središtu grada koje ujedno predstavlja bitan arheološki lokalitet.

Kaštel
Kaštel je podignut radi obrane od Turaka, ali se ne zna tko ga je i kada izgradio. Sabor je 1554. godine donio odluku da žitelji Križevačke županije moraju započeti sa sječom stabala radi utvrđivanja Vrbovca, pa se pretpostavlja da je utvrda bila drvena. Tvrđavu su 1591. godine kratkotrajno zauzeli i opustošili Turci. Tada je utvrda temeljito obnovljena i više nije bila drvena, iako je možda bila okružena palisadama. O tome svjedoči jedina sačuvana kula od opeke i prikazi utvrde u 18. stoljeću. Bio je to nizinski burg s opkopom za vodu (wasserburg). Nakon što je utvrda uništena u seljačkoj buni 1755. godine, Patačići su na ruševinama podigli novi zidani dvorac iznad jednog krila oštećene utvrde. To je pravokutna jednokatna zgrada koja se sačuvala do današnjih dana. Tijekom vremena većina je ostataka stare utvrde potpuno nestala, a na njezinu povišenom mjestu danas se nalazi park sa župnom crkvom.

U kaštelu je 1621. godine rođen hrvatski ban i mučenik Petar Zrinski. Zato jedinu sačuvanu kulu utvrde zovemo kula Petra Zrinskog. Ona je simbol grada i nalazi se na gradskom grbu.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-3161 zaveden je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralna graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene stambene građevine u Zagrebačkoj županiji
Dvorci u Hrvatskoj
Građevine u Vrbovcu


Makam, şu anlamlara gelebilir:

 Makam ya da orun, bir yeri belirtir. Arapçada ayakta durmak demektir ve Türkçeye buradan girmiştir. Türkçe'si orundur.
 Makam, Türk müziğinde kullanılan ses dizileridir.
 Makam (mekan), sembol mezar, birden fazla mezarı olan kişilerin diğer mezarlarıdır.
 Makam (din), sufi'nin Allah'a yaklaşması sürecinde geçtiği farklı kademeler.

Makam


El arroyo de Otazo es un pequeño curso de agua uruguayo que atraviesa el departamento de Treinta y Tres, pertenece a la cuenca hidrográfica de la laguna Merín.

Nace en la Cuchilla Grande, cerca del límite con el departamento de Cerro Largo y desemboca en el arroyo Parado tras recorrer alrededor de 47 km.

Referencias

Otazo
Otazo

Arroyo de Otazo


Leck steht für:

 Leck, nichtgewollte Öffnung
 Leck (Adelsgeschlecht), niederländisches Adelsgeschlecht
 Leck (Rapper) (* 1988), französischer Rapper

Orte:
 deutscher (veralteter) Name der oberitalienischen Stadt Lecco
 Leck (Nordfriesland), Gemeinde in Nordfriesland
 Leck (Lancashire), Ort im Verwaltungsbezirk City of Lancaster
 Leck (Virginia), Ort im Dickenson County

Leck ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Bart van der Leck (1876–1958), niederländischer Maler der Moderne
 Jaap van der Leck (1911–2000), niederländischer Fußballspieler und -trainer
 Hermann Nicolussi-Leck (1913–1999), Südtiroler Politiker
 Karl Nicolussi-Leck (1917–2008), Südtiroler Unternehmer und SS-Offizier

Siehe auch:
 Lek

Leck (Begriffsklärung)


Hans Jonas (; ; 10 May 1903 – 5 February 1993) was a German-born American Jewish philosopher, from 1955 to 1976 the Alvin Johnson Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research in New York City.

Biography

Jonas was born in Mönchengladbach, on 10 May 1903. He studied philosophy and theology at the University of Freiburg, the University of Berlin and the University of Heidelberg, and finally earned his Doctorate of Philosophy in 1928 from the University of Marburg with a thesis on Gnosticism entitled Der Begriff der Gnosis (The Concept of Gnosis) and directed by Martin Heidegger. During his study years his academic advisors included Edmund Husserl and Rudolf Bultmann. In Marburg he met Hannah Arendt, who was also pursuing her PhD there, and the two of them were to remain friends for the rest of their lives.

When Heidegger joined the Nazi Party in 1933, it may have disturbed Jonas, as he was Jewish and an active Zionist. In 1964 Jonas repudiated his mentor Heidegger for his affiliation with the Nazis.

He left Germany for England in 1933, and from England he moved to Palestine in 1934. There he met Lore Weiner, to whom he became betrothed. In 1940 he returned to Europe to join the British Army which had been arranging a special brigade for German Jews wanting to fight against Hitler. He was sent to Italy, and in the last phase of the war moved into Germany. Thus, he kept his promise that he would return only as a soldier in the victorious army. In this time he wrote several letters to Lore about philosophy, in particular philosophy of biology, that would form the basis of his later publications on the subject. They finally married in 1943.

Immediately after the war he returned to Mönchengladbach to search for his mother but found that she had been sent to the gas chambers in the Auschwitz concentration camp. Having heard this, he refused to live in Germany again. He returned to Palestine and took part in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Jonas taught briefly at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem before moving to North America. In 1950 he left for Canada, teaching at Carleton University. From there he moved in 1955 to New York City, where he was to live for the rest of his life. He was a fellow of the Hastings Center and Professor of Philosophy at New School for Social Research from 1955 to 1976 (where he was Alvin Johnson Professor). From 1982 to 1983 Jonas held the Eric Voegelin Visiting Professorship at the University of Munich. He died at his home in New Rochelle, New York, on 5 February 1993, aged 89.

Philosophical work

Jonas's writings were very influential in different spheres. For example, The Gnostic Religion, based on his early research on the Gnosis and first published in 1958, was for many years the standard work in English on the subject of Gnosticism. The Imperative of Responsibility (German 1979, English 1984) centers on social and ethical problems created by technology. Jonas insists that human survival depends on our efforts to care for our planet and its future. He formulated a new and distinctive supreme moral imperative: "Act so that the effects of your action are compatible with the permanence of genuine human life".

While The Imperative of Responsibility has been credited with catalyzing the environmental movement in Germany, his work The Phenomenon of Life (1966) forms the philosophical undergirding of one major school of bioethics in America. Murray Bookchin and Leon Kass both referred to Hans Jonas's work as major, or primary, inspiration. Heavily influenced by Martin Heidegger, The Phenomenon of Life attempts to synthesize the philosophy of matter with the philosophy of mind, producing a rich existential understanding of biology, which ultimately argues for a simultaneously material and moral human nature.

His writing on the history of Gnosticism revisits terrain covered by earlier standard works on the subject such as Ernesto Buonaiuti's Lo gnosticismo: storia di antiche lotte religiose (1907), interpreting the religion from an existentialist philosophical viewpoint. He was one of the first philosophers to concern himself with ethical questions in biological science. Jonas's career is generally divided into three periods defined by his three primary works, but in reverse order: studies of gnosticism, studies of philosophical biology, and ethical studies.

Works

English books
The Gnostic Religion: The Message of the Alien God & the Beginnings of Christianity (Boston: Beacon Press, 1958)
The Phenomenon of Life: Toward a Philosophical Biology (New York, Harper & Row, 1966) OCLC 373876 (Evanston, Ill. : Northwestern University Press, 2001).
The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of Ethics for the Technological Age (translation of Das Prinzip Verantwortung) trans. Hans Jonas and David Herr (1979).  (University of Chicago Press, 1984)
Philosophical Essays: From Ancient Creed to Technological Man (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974)
"Technology and Responsibility: Reflections on the New Tasks of Ethics," Social Research 15 (Spring 1973).
"Jewish and Christian Elements in Philosophy: their Share in the Emergence of the Modern Mind"
"Seventeenth Century and After: The Meaning of the Scientific and Technological Revolution"
"Socioeconomic Knowledge and Ignorance of Goals"
"Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects"
"Against the Stream: Comments on the Definition and Redefinition of Death"
"Biological Engineering—A Preview"
"Contemporary Problems in Ethics from a Jewish Perspective"
"Biological Foundations of Individuality"
"Spinoza and the Theory of Organism"
"Sight and Thought: A Review of 'Visual Thinking.'"
"Change and Permanence: On the Possibility of Understanding History."
"The Gnostic Syndrome: Typology of Its Thought, Imagination, and Mood."
"The Hymn of the Pearl: Case Study of a Symbol, and the Claims for a Jewish Origin of Gnosticism."
"Myth and Mysticism: A Study of Objectification and Interiorization in Religious Thought."
"Origen's Metaphysics of Free Will, Fall, and Salvation: a 'Divine Comedy' of the Universe."
"The Soul in Gnosticism and Plotinus."
"The Abyss of the Will: Philosophical Meditations on the Seventh Chapter of Paul's Epistle to the Romans."
Mortality and Morality: A Search for Good After Auschwitz ed. Lawrence Vogel (Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1996).
With Stuart F Spicker: Organism, medicine, and metaphysics : essays in honor of Hans Jonas on his 75th birthday, May 10, 1978
On faith, reason and responsibility (San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1978. New edition: Institute for Antiquity and Christianity, Claremont Graduate School, 1981.)
Memoirs (Brandeis University Press, 2008)

English monographs
Immortality and the modern temper : the Ingersoll lecture, 1961 (Cambridge : Harvard Divinity School, 1962) OCLC 26072209 (included in The Phenomenon of Life)
Heidegger and theology (1964) OCLC 14975064 (included in The Phenomenon of Life)
Ethical aspects of experimentation with human subjects (Boston:American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1969) OCLC 19884675.

German
Gnosis und spätantiker Geist (1–2, 1934–1954)
Technik, Medizin und Ethik — Zur Praxis des Prinzips Verantwortung — Frankfurt a.M. : Suhrkamp, 1985 —  (On Technology, Medicine and Ethics: On the Practice of the Imperative of Responsibility)
Das Prinzip Verantwortung: Versuch einer Ethik für die technologische Zivilisation (Frankfurt am Main : Insel-Verlag, 1979).
  Erinnerungen. Nach Gesprächen mit Rachel Salamander, ed. Ch. Wiese. Frankfurt am Mein-Leipzig: Insel Verlag, 2003.
 Macht oder Ohnmacht der Subjektivität? Das Leib-Seele-Problem im Vorfeld des Prinzips Verantwortung. Frankfurt am Main: Insel, 1981, and then Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1987.
 Erkenntnis und Verantwortung, Gespräch mit Ingo Hermann in der Reihe "Zeugen des Jahrhunderts", Edited by I. Hermann. Göttingen: Lamuv, 1991.
 Philosophische Untersuchungen und metaphysische Vermutungen. Frankfurt am Main: Insel, 1992, and then Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1994.
 Organismus und Freiheit. Ansätze zu einer philosophischen Biologie. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973.
 Augustin und das paulinische Freiheitsproblem. Ein philosophischer Beitrag zur Genesis der christlich-abendländischen Freiheitsidee, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1930. Second edition entitled Augustin und das paulinische Freiheitsproblem. Eine philosophische Studie zum pelagianischen Streit, with an introduction by J. M. Robinson. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1965.

French
Le concept de Dieu après Auschwitz
Evolution et liberté
Le Principe responsabilité
Le Droit de mourir
With Sabine Cornille and Philippe Ivernel: Pour une éthique du futur
Une éthique pour la nature
With Sylvie Courtine-Denamy: Entre le néant et l'éternité
La gnose et l'Esprit de l'Antiquité tardive. Histoire et méthodologie de la recherche .

Selected papers
 "The Right to Die." Hastings Center Report 8, number 4 (1978): 31–36.
 "Straddling the Boundaries of Theory and Practice: Recombinant DNA Research as a Case of Action in the Process of Inquiry." In Recombinant DNA: Science, Ethics and Politics, edited by J. Richards, 253–71. New York: Academic Press, 1978.
 "Toward a Philosophy of Technology." Hastings Center Report 9 (1979): 34–43.
 "The Heuristics of Fear." In Ethics in an Age of Pervasive Technology, edited by Melvin Kranzberg, 213–21. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1980.
 "Parallelism and Complementarity: The Psycho-Physical Problem in Spinoza and in the Succession of Niels Bohr." In The Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza, edited by Richard Kennington, 121–30. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of the Americas Press, 1980.
 "Reflections on Technology, Progress and Utopia." Social Research 48 (1981): 411–55.
 "Technology as a Subject for Ethics." Social Research 49 (1982): 891–98.
 "Is Faith Still Possible? Memories of Rudolf Bultmann and Reflections on the Philosophical Aspects of His Work." Harvard Theological Review 75 (1982): 1–23.
 "Ontological Grounding of a Political Ethics: On the Metaphysics of Commitment to the Future of Man." Graduate Faculty Philosophical Journal 10, no. 1 (1984): 47–62.
 "Ethics and Biogenetic Art." Social Research 52 (1985): 491–504.
 "The Concept of God after Auschwitz: A Jewish Voice." Journal of Religion 67, number 1 (1987): 1–13.
 "The Consumer's Responsibility." In Ecology and Ethics. A Report from the Melbu conference, 18–23 July 1990, edited by Audun 0fsti, 215–18. Trondheim: Nordland Akademi for Kunst og Vitenskap, 1992.
 "The Burden and Blessing of Mortality." Hastings Center Report 22, no. 1 (1992): 34–40.
 "Philosophy at the End of the Century: A Survey of Its Past and Future." Social Research 61, number 4 (1994): 812–32.
 "Wissenschaft as Personal Experience [brief memoir]," The Hastings Center report 32:4 (Jul–Aug 2002): 27–35
 "Materialism and the Theory of Organism." University of Toronto Quarterly, 21, 1 (1951): 39–52.

Other papers
 "Causality and Perception," The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 47, No. 11 (May 25, 1950), pp. 319–324
 "The Nobility of Sight," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Jun., 1954), pp. 507–519. (also in The Phenomenon of Life)
 "Immortality and the Modern Temper: The Ingersoll Lecture, 1961" The Harvard Theological Review, volume 55, number 1 (January 1962), pp. 1–20. (also in The Phenomenon of Life)
 "The Secret Books of the Egyptian Gnostics," The Journal of Religion, Vol. 42, No. 4 (Oct., 1962), pp. 262–273.
 "Myth and Mysticism: A Study of Objectification and Interiorization in Religious Thought," The Journal of Religion, Vol. 49, No. 4 (October 1969), pp. 315–329
 "Freedom of Scientific Inquiry and the Public Interest," The Hastings Center Report, volume 6, number 4 (August 1976), pp. 15–17.

See also
 Natural environment
 Environmental movement
 Ethics of technology
 Noocracy
 Jewish philosophy

References

Further reading
 Hans Jonas, "Wissenschaft as Personal Experience [brief memoir]," The Hastings Center report 32:4 (Jul–Aug 2002): 27–35
 Levy, David J. Hans Jonas: The Integrity of Life. University of Missouri Press, 2002.
 Scodel, Harvey. "An interview with Professor Hans Jonas," Social Research Summer 2003.
 Troster, Lawrence. "Hans Jonas and the Concept of God after the Holocaust," Conservative Judaism (volume 55:4, Summer 2003)
 Strachan Donnelley "Hans Jonas, 1903–1993 [Obituary]," The Hastings Center Report 23:2 (March–April 1993), p. 12.
 Eric Pace: "Hans Jonas, Influential Philosopher, Is Dead at 89," New York Times (February 6, 1993)
 David Kaufmann: "One of Most Relevant Thinkers You've Never Heard Of," Forward (17 October 2007)
 Stuart F. Spicker, ed. Organism, Medicine and Metaphysics. Essays in Honor of Hans Jonas. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1978.
 Strachan Donnelley (editor), "The Legacy of Hans Jonas," special issue of The Hastings Center Report 25:7 (November–December 1995).
 Leon R. Kass, "Appreciating The Phenomenon of Life," p. 3.
 Richard J. Bernstein, "Rethinking Responsibility," p. 13.
 Strachan Donnelley, "Bioethical Troubles: Animal Individuals and Human Organisms," p. 21.
 Lawrence Vogel, "Does Environmental Ethics Need a Metaphysical Grounding?", p. 30.x
 Christian Schütze, "The Political and Intellectual Hans Jonas," p. 40.
 "Not Compassion Alone: On Euthanasia and Ethics" (interview with Jonas), p. 44.
 Hava Tirosh-Samuelson and Christian Wiese, eds., The Legacy of Hans Jonas: Judaism and the Phenomenon of Life (Brill, 2008). , Table of contents.
 Michael Schwartz and Osborne Wiggins, "Psychosomatic Medicine and the Philosophy of Life." Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2010, 5:2 (21 January 2010). http://www.peh-med.com/content/5/1/2
 Wiese, Christian. The Life and Thought of Hans Jonas: Jewish Dimensions. Brandeis, 2010.

External links

 Hans-Jonas-Center Berlin

1903 births
1993 deaths
20th-century German philosophers
Bioethicists
Academic staff of Carleton University
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Philosophers of technology
Existentialists
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Mandatory Palestine
German ethicists
Historians of Gnosticism
Jewish existentialists
Writers from New Rochelle, New York
People from Mönchengladbach
The New School faculty
University of Marburg alumni
20th-century American historians
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20th-century male writers
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Environmental ethicists
Scholars of Mandaeism
Hastings Center Fellows

Hans Jonas


Man burde ta' sig af det er en dokumentarfilm fra 1952 instrueret af Ole Palsbo efter manuskript af Finn Methling.

Handling
En beskrivelse af forskellige stressfaktorer på arbejdspladsen: Filmen belyser nogle af de problemer, der kan opstå på en arbejdsplads såvel i forholdet mellem over-og underordnet som mellem kammeraterne indbyrdes. Man oplever en række situationer og baggrunden for deres opståen, men der gives ikke nogen løsning på problemerne; filmen hensigt er blot at pege på dem og derved få tilskueren til selv at arbejde på en løsning.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1952

Man burde ta' sig af det


Aichi se poate referi la:

 Prefectura Aichi, o diviziune administrativă în Japonia.
 Asteroidul 5908 Aichi, un corp ceresc numit după prefectura Aichi.

Aichi (dezambiguizare)


Le  de hussards thuringeois est une unité de cavalerie de l'armée prussienne.

Histoire
Le , date désignée comme jour de fondation par ordre du cabinet du , le duc et prince-électeur  de Saxe la création d'un régiment de hussards de huit escadrons, qui doit être stationné à Pillnitz. Le nouveau régiment est assemblé à Mühlberg fin septembre.

Lorsque le nouveau partage des états allemands a lieu après l'ère napoléonienne, la Prusse obtient une partie de la Saxe, à la suite de quoi le roi  ordonne, le , la formation du  de hussards à partir des territoires attribués. Les anciens hussards saxons, devenus prussiens, forment la base du nouveau régiment de hussards à partir du . Le régiment est d'abord transféré en Silésie, où il reste jusqu'en 1817. Puis, au début du mois d', il est transféré à Eisleben, Artern, Sangerhausen et Cölleda dans l'ancien cercle de Thuringe. À partir de 1830, le régiment est brièvement transféré en Rhénanie. La raison en était la Révolution de  en France. Il est ensuite retourné à ses emplacements. En raison de la révolution de Bade, le régiment est commandé à Sarrelouis et Sarrebruck. Dès lors, il se déplace vers les garnisons de Mersebourg, Eisleben et Weißenfels. La dernière garnison est Torgau le .

Guerres napoléoniennes

 1793 Batailles contre la France dans le Palatinat
 Bataille d'Iéna
 1806 à 1815 Combats du côté français contre l'Autriche, la Russie et la Prusse

Règne des Cent Jours
En tant que régiment prussien, combats contre la France dans le corps de Blücher et entrée dans Paris le .

Révolution badoise
En 1849, le régiment participa à l'écrasement de la révolution badoise avec le  d'armée sous les ordres de . Il combat à Ladenburg (21. juin), Ötigheim (28. juin), Steinmauern () et du  au  lors du siège de .

Guerre austro-prusienne
Lors de la guerre contre l'Autriche, participation aux batailles de Bohême :

  --- Sucha
  --- Bataille de Sadowa
  --- Bataille de Blumenau

Guerre franco-prussienne
Dans la guerre contre la France, le régiment combat dans l'armée de la Meuse en 1870/71 et est affecté au siège autour de Paris jusqu'en . Après la fin de la guerre, il reste en France en tant que force d'occupation et revient le  dans ses garnisons.

1870

  --- Bataille de Beaumont
  --- Bataille de Sedan
  --- Pierrefitte et Stains
 à partir du  --- Encerclement et siège de Paris
  --- Épinay-sur-Seine ()

1871

 jusqu'au  --- Encerclement et siège de Paris

Première Guerre mondiale
Le régiment est mobilisé au début de la Première Guerre mondiale, marche dans la Belgique neutre. S'ensuivent des combats dans le nord de la France, la bataille et la retraite de la Marne, la traversée de l'Aisne à Soissons et l'engagement dans la course à la mer. Après que les combats sur le front ouest se soient transformés en guerre de tranchées, le régiment prend des fonctions de patrouille derrière le front.

En , il s'installe sur le front de l'Est et participe aux combats dans le nord de la Pologne. En , il est en service au Courlande et en Lituanie, puis est arrivé en Roumanie. Au début de 1917, il participe à des combats sur le front sud-est. En , il est transféré sur le front occidental. Après avoir abandonné les chevaux et transformé le régiment en bataillon de fusiliers de cavalerie, les membres du régiment participent à des batailles défensives en Flandre jusqu'à la fin de la guerre après leur formation d'infanterie.

Après-guerre
Après l'armistice et le retour au pays, le régiment est arrivé à Torgau le 6 décembre 1918 et commence à se démobiliser. De nombreux hussards rejoignent alors le détachement Tüllmann, qui fonctionne comme un corps franc, et participent aux combats en Haute-Silésie. Après l'évacuation de la Haute-Silésie en , le détachement est incorporé au  de cavalerie de la Reichswehr.

Dans la Reichswehr, la tradition est reprise par la  du  (prussien) de cavalerie à Torgau.

Chef de régiment

Commandants

Uniforme
L'uniforme se compose (à partir de 1912 uniquement en temps de paix) d'un bonnet de fourrure en peau de phoque noire avec une écaille de laiton et une bande de monnaie en nickel-argent (soi-disant. Bandeau de la patrie) avec l'inscription MIT GOTT FÜR KÖNIG UND VATERLAND . Fangshur et le sac à casquette appelé kalpak sont blancs. L'Attila est bleu bleuet avec des lacets blancs et des numéros de régiment en laiton sur les épaulettes. La culotte est anthracite. Les  sont coupées à la manière d'un hussard et ont une décoration périphérique autour du bord supérieur.

Bibliographie

 Jürgen Kraus: Des Kaisers Rock im Ersten Weltkrieg. Verlag Militaria Wien .
 Hugo F. W. Schulz: Die Preußischen Kavallerie-Regimenter 1013/14. Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1992 .
 Bogislav von Studnitz: Geschichte des Thüringischen Husaren-Regimentes Nr. 12 und seiner Mobilmachungsformationen im Weltkriege 1914–1918. Weimar 1930.
 Reinhart von Westrem zum Gutacker: Geschichte des Thüringisches Husaren-Regiment Nr. 12. Verlag R. Eisenschmidt, Berlin 1901.
 Hellmann: Stammliste der aktiven Offizier des Thüringischen Husaren-Regiments Nr. 12. 1815–1918. Verlag R. Eisenschmidt, Berlin 1918.

Liens externes

 HR 12 sur GenWiki

Références

Unité militaire de l'Empire allemand
Régiment allemand de cavalerie de la Première Guerre mondiale
Unité de cavalerie prussienne
Unité ou formation militaire créée en 1791
Unité ou formation militaire dissoute en 1919

12e régiment de hussards thuringeois


Ecanayka, Japon Edo Dönemi sonlarında, 1867 Temmuz'undan ertesi sene Nisan ayına kadar Edo'nun batısında baş gösteren toplu bir harekettir. Boshin Savaşı ve Bakumatsu sırasında yoğunlaşan hareket Kyoto yakınlarındaki Kansai bölgesinde başladı. Harekete katılanlar "Yetmedi mi?" diye bağırarak dolaştıkları için toplu herezinin adı bu olmuştur. Edo Dönemi'nde 3 ile 5 ay arasında süren, belli aralıklarla halkın işi gücü bırakıp hac yapmaları kendiliğinden oluşmuş bir harekettir. Kayıtlara göre, (22 milyon olan Japon nüfusuna oranla) oldukça büyük sayıda güruh bu doğal hacca katılmıştır (3-4 milyon arası). 1830 yılında 3 ayda, 5 milyon kişinin hac yaptığı söylenir. Bu hiçbir resmiyeti olmayan haclar sırasında, büyük tüccarlar hacılara yemek ve kalacak yer sağlayıp her türlü kolaylığı göstermişlerdir. Bunun, ekonomik bunalımdan dolayı bunalan halkın yıkıma gitmesini önlemek için bir deşarj politikası olduğu söylenebilir. Tam Şogunluğu Yıkma döneminde ortaya çıktığı için devrimci bir niteliği olduğu gözden kaçırılmamalıdır.

Kaynakça

Edo dönemi
Meiji Restorasyonu
Japonya'daki festivaller
Japonya'da din
Halk inançları

Ecanayka


Randomizarea este procesul de a face ceva aleatoriu; în diverse contexte aceasta implică, de exemplu:

 generarea permutării aleatorii a unei secvențe (cum ar fi atunci când se amestecă cărțile de joc);
 selectarea unui eșantion aleatoriu dintr-o populație (important în eșantionarea statistică);
 alocarea unităților experimentale prin alocare aleatorie la o condiție de tratament sau de control;
 generarea de numere aleatorii (a se vedea Generarea de numere aleatoare); sau
 transformarea unui flux de date (cum ar fi atunci când se utilizează un scrambler în telecomunicații ).

Randomizarea nu este întâmplare pură. Dimpotrivă, un proces aleatoriu este o secvență de variabile aleatoare care descriu un proces ale cărui rezultate nu urmează un model determinist, ci au o evoluție descrisă de distribuțiile probabilităților. De exemplu, un eșantion aleatoriu de indivizi dintr-o populație se referă la un eșantion în care fiecare persoană are o probabilitate cunoscută de a fi eșantionată. Acest lucru ar fi în contrast cu eșantionarea non probabilității în care indivizii sunt selectați arbitrar.

Aplicații
Randomizarea este utilizată în statistici și în jocurile de noroc.

Statistică
Randomizarea este un principiu fundamental în teoria statistică, a cărui importanță a fost subliniată de Charles S. Peirce în " Illustrațiile logicii științei " (1877-1878) și " O teorie a inferenței probabile " (1883). Inferența bazată pe randomizare este deosebit de importantă în proiectarea experimentală și în eșantionarea anchetelor. Prima utilizare a "randomizării" enumerate în dicționarul englez Oxford este folosirea lui de către Ronald Fisher în 1926.

Experimente randomizate
În teoria statistică de proiectare a experimentelor, randomizarea implică alocarea aleatorie a unităților experimentale în grupurile de tratament. De exemplu, dacă un experiment compară un medicament nou cu un medicament standard, atunci pacienții trebuie alocați fie medicamentului nou, fie controlului standard al medicamentului, utilizând randomizarea. Randomizarea reduce confundarea prin egalizarea așa-numiților factori (variabile independente) care nu au fost luați în considerare în proiectarea experimentală.

Eșantionarea anchetelor (sondajelor)
Eșantionarea sondajelor folosește randomizarea, în urma criticării unor "metode reprezentative" anterioare de către Jerzy Neyman în raportul său din 1922 către Institutul Internațional de Statistică .

Reeșantionare
Unele metode importante de inferență statistică utilizează reeșantionarea datelor observate. Versiuni alternative multiple ale setului de date "care ar fi putut fi observate" sunt create prin randomizarea setului original de date, singurul observat. Variația statisticilor calculate pentru aceste seturi de date alternative este un ghid al incertitudinii statisticilor estimate de datele originale.

Jocuri de noroc
Randomizarea este folosită pe scară largă în domeniul jocurilor de noroc.                               Deoarece randomizarea slabă poate permite unui jucător calificat să profite, au fost puse multe cercetări în ceea ce privește randomizarea efectivă.

Un exemplu clasic de randomizare este amestecarea cărților de joc.

Tehnici
Deși, din punct de vedere istoric, tehnicile de randomizare "manuală" (cum ar fi amestecarea cărților de joc, extragerea unor bucățele de hârtie dintr-o pungă, rotirea unei rulete) au fost comune, astăzi sunt utilizate în cea mai mare parte tehnicile automatizate. Deoarece atât selecția probelor aleatorii, cât și permutările aleatorii pot fi reduse la simpla selectare a numerelor aleatoare, metodele de generare a numerelor aleatoare sunt acum utilizate cel mai frecvent, atât generatoare de numere aleatoare aleatoare cât și generatoare de numere pseudo-aleatoare.

Optimizare
Randomizarea este folosită în optimizare pentru a reduce povara computațională asociată tehnicilor de control robuste: un eșantion de valori ale parametrilor de incertitudine este extras aleatoriu, iar robustețea este aplicată doar pentru aceste valori. Această abordare a câștigat popularitate prin introducerea unor teorii riguroase care să permită controlul asupra nivelului probabilistic al robusteții, a se vedea optimizarea scenariului.

Metodele de randomizare non-algoritmice includ:

 Turnarea tulpinilor de Coada șoricelului (pentru Yi Ching )
 Aruncarea zarurilor
 Răsturnarea unei monedă
 Tragerea la paiul scurt
 Amestecarea cărților de joc
 Învârtirea ruletei
 Extragerea de bilețele dintr-o pungă
 "Mașini de loterie"
 Observarea radiației descrescânde folosind un contor de radiații

Vezi și

 Algoritm randomizat
 Algoritm randomizat pentru a descoperi sensul vieții

Referințe

 RQube  - Generarea de secvențe de stimulare cvasi-aleatoare pentru desene experimentale
 RandList - Generatorul listei de Randomizare
Proiectare experimentală
Pages with unreviewed translations

Randomizare


الدفع مقابل المشاهدة  هو نظام يسمح للمشاهد بطلب مشاهدة مواد معينة على التلفاز، قد تكون هذه المواد أفلاما أو أحداث رياضية أو مناسبات مميزة، مقابل مبلغ مدفوع وتوجد طرق متعددة للدفع منها الدفع مقابل اليوم الواحد، الدفع مقابل الحدث، الدفع مقابل الأسبوع، والدفع مقابل عدد مرات المشاهدة.

مراجع

فيديو حسب الطلب
قنوات مدفوعة
مصطلحات تلفاز

دفع مقابل المشاهدة


මේරි කුමරිය යනු ඩෙන්මාර්කයේ දෙවන මාග්‍රෙත් රැජිනගේ සහ හෙන්රික් කුමරුගේ වැඩිමහල් පුත් කුමරු වන ඔටුන්න හිමි ෆ්‍රෙඩ්රික් කුමරුගේ බිරිද වේ.

මේරි,ඩෙන්මාර්කයේ ඔටුන්න හිමි කුමරිය


The Heinkel He 277 was a four-engine, long-range heavy bomber design, originating as a derivative of the He 177, intended for production and use by the German Luftwaffe during World War II. The main difference was in its engines. While the He 177 used four engines in two coupled pairs which proved troublesome, the He 277 was intended to use four unitized BMW 801E 14-cylinder radial engines, in single nacelle installations.

The design was never produced and no prototype airframe was completed. The deteriorating condition of the German aviation industry late in the war and the competition from other long-range bomber designs from other firms, led to the design being cancelled.

Although not intended for it at first, the He 277 design became Heinkel's entry in the  Amerikabomber programme for a long range bomber that could reach North America.

Designation
For many years after the war, a substantial number of aviation history books and magazine articles stated that Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring, early in World War II, was becoming so frustrated by the 177A's problems with its twin DB 606 "coupled" powerplants, that he forbade Ernst Heinkel from doing any work on a four-engined version of the 177 airframe, or even mentioning a new "He 277" design with four separate engines – by one account, in the late autumn of 1941 – until Heinkel brought the disagreement directly to Adolf Hitler, who supposedly not only approved of calling the new version of the 177 the "He 277", but overruled Göring's prohibition on working on the design (which Heinkel referred to as  "He 177B" as a "cover designation" to hide its existence from Göring, and the RLM.)

Statements by Göring in August 1942 in response to Oberst Edgar Petersen's reports - in his capacity as the Kommandeur der Erprobungstellen ("commander of all Luftwaffe test stations"), at Erprobungsstelle Rechlin - on solving the serious problems with the original Heinkel He 177A's powerplants, seem to directly contradict elements of that narrative. ,The statements seem to show that Göring thought that the He 177A actually had four separate engines, and in late August 1942 Göring derisively labeled the He 177A's coupled engine arrangements, the DB 606 and DB 610 "power systems", as monstrous zusammengeschweißte Motoren, ("welded-together engines",) He was  anxious to see a four-engined version of  the bomber developed and in production. The earliest-dated initiative to be undertaken by Ernst Heinkel himself to trial a true "four-engined" design format for the original He 177 dated back to 17 November 1938, before the construction of the He 177 V3 and V4 prototype airframes had even been started, when Heinkel had personally asked the RLM to set aside the He 177 V3 and V4 airframes for a trial installation of four separate unitized Junkers Jumo 211 powerplants to overcome the concerns that the RLM Technischen-Amt technical department's director Ernst Udet and Heinkel had expressed about the RLM's specific dive-bombing priority for the He 177A, but was turned down for the trial fitment.

Facts that could have fostered the origin of the post-war aviation book storyline about the "He 177B"/He 277" controversy were that the RLM, in listing the He 177 development projects that they approved of the Heinkel firm doing work on as of February 1943 — six months after Göring's recorded engine complaint statements, and 18 months after the first-ever consideration by the RLM for any He 177 proposed variant to have four "individual" powerplants, as the paper-only "He 177H" high-altitude predecessor to the later He 274 in October 1941, only included the He 177 A-5 heavy bomber, A-6 high-altitude bomber, A-7 long-range version, and the "He 277" itself, defining the February 1943 date as the earliest reliable date of any official German government mention of such an "He 277"-designated aircraft, as this date also indicates the time by which the RLM had issued the Heinkel firm the 8-277 airframe design number for the project. The RLM was also expecting, during the late spring of 1943 — about one year after the Amerikabomber proposal first arrived in Göring's offices — that three He 277 V-series prototype aircraft, and construction of ten pre-production He 277A-0 series service test machines would come from Heinkel's Schwechat southern plant complex in Austria.

The He 277's fuselage design had been meant to originate with the last proposed "coupled-engine" variant of the He 177, the long-range A-7, which itself was to be the basis for a four-engined variant of the Greif as the He 177A-10 (redesignated He 177B-7 in the late summer of 1943). The considerable changes in the He 277's overall design philosophy evolved after the Amerikabomber proposal's emergence in May 1942, from the changes in the He 277's general arrangement proposal drawings during that time period.  The original proposal, which was meant to use the He 177A-7's fuselage as the starting point, evolved into designing a dedicated, new and wider He 219-general pattern fuselage layout for the 277 from the Spring 1943 timeframe onward, which would be more capable of using a tricycle undercarriage then gaining favor with a few German aviation designers, even with the 277 not known to have been specifically considered by the RLM in the earlier timeframe for the Amerikabomber proposal.

The main factor that seemingly required the lower-drag "coupled" powerplant format for the He 177A, the dive bomb attack mandated by the RLM (and which Ernst Heinkel had vehemently disagreed with from the late 1930s) was rescinded by Göring five months before approval of the "He 277's" by the RLM in February 1943. Heinkel started work on the He 177B as a straightforward, separately four-engined development of the 177A under the B-series designation at least as early as the late summer of 1943, when official Heinkel documents began referring to the He 177B, evidenced from an August 1943-dated,  Heinkel factory-created general arrangement Typenblatt drawing of the He 177 V101 being labeled with the 8-177 RLM designation for the entire line of Greif airframes, and "B-5" elsewhere in the drawing's title block, as a fully RLM approved development of the original He 177 aircraft line, and not in any way directly related to the entirely separate He 277 advanced bomber design project, which by the summer of 1943 was considered to be Heinkel's Amerikabomber aviation contract contender. The first development of the original He 177A to fly with four "individual" engines – using a quartet of He 219-style annular radiators to cool its likely-unitized Daimler-Benz DB 603 powerplants – was the second He 177B prototype, the He 177 V102, on December 20, 1943.

In total, there were three separate efforts, the movement toward which had been initiated by Ernst Heinkel as early as November 1938, to develop "true four-engined versions" of the A-series Greif: the He 177B, which culminated in four prototype examples being built, with three getting airborne before the war's end; the He 274, of which only two prototypes were started before the end of World War II and completed and flown in France after the war's end; and the He 277, for which only a few airframe parts had been in the process of completion, with no completed prototypes at any time, before or after the end of the war.

Design features

The general arrangement Typenblatt drawings that Heinkel's firm was developing for the He 277 by mid-1943 show an advanced design of heavy bomber, with a 133 square meter area (1,431.6 sq. ft.) "shoulder mount", 40 meter (131 ft 3 in) span wing design, four separate BMW 801E powerplants of 1,471 kW (2,000 PS, 1,973 hp) output each at take-off, with each engine turning a propeller of up to four meters in diameter.

The fully retracting undercarriage considered for the design was to be either conventional or nosewheel landing gear, with main gear assemblies of twinned wheels on each unit, retracting into the inner engine nacelles (forward when combined with the nosewheel but rearwards for a conventional gear arrangement). Heinkel had designed a retractable tricycle undercarriage-equipped in late 1939 for the Heinkel He 280 jet fighter prototype, and followed that with the Heinkel He 219night fighter.

The main crew accommodation of the He 277 consisted of a heavily glazed and "greenhouse"-framed clear view "stepless" cockpit, a common feature of many late-war German bomber airframes and new designs. Immediately aft of the heavily glazed nose, the cockpit glazing over the crew seating and pilot accommodation-enclosing upper section that was blended with the nose glazing's contours, protruding above the 277's forward dorsal fuselage decking level, with a rearward extension atop the fuselage that faired-in the forward upper dorsal turret's forward surface, extending rearwards to just forward of the inner engine cowls. The fuselage outlines themselves were deep, and almost slab-sided in cross-section, with its general sideview profile lines being strongly reminiscent of the He 219. This similarity with the 219 even extended to the depictions of the He 277's fuselage-mounted defensive armament emplacements as proposed by Heinkel, with one forward and two aft-facing "steps" along the slightly rounded dorsal and ventral surfaces of the fuselage, much like the smaller night fighter's earliest prototypes had, for the 277's manned aft dorsal and remote aft ventral turret defensive weapons mounts — the aft ventral emplacement being moved rearwards by roughly two meters, in comparison with the early He 219V-series prototypes, to accommodate the aft end of the He 277's bomb bay. The twin tail empennage assembly of the He 219 night fighter was also a likely inspiration for the 277's own similar unit, that added aerodynamic stability when compared to the 177A's single vertical tail — proven to be true from the first flights of the He 177B-series' four-engined He 177 V102 twin-tailed prototype from late December 1943 onwards — and made mounting a powered traversable defensive tail turret easier. Provision was shown on the Heinkel Typenblatt general arrangement drawing for four underwing hardpoints, two per wing panel on either side outboard of the engines, potentially allowing  external ordnance loads or drop tanks to extend the bomber's capabilities or range.

A May 1943 Heinkel factory document showed possible offensive bombload configurations and flight consumable (fuel, etc.) weights for the He 277, two differing bomb bay sizes (interior dimensions of 1.5 x 7.5 meters for the tailwheel version, and 1.75 x 7.0 meters for the tricycle undercarriage version) were considered. The latter within a 1.90 meter wide fuselage. The lightest warload of six 500 kg (1,100 lb) SC 500 bombs for each bomb bay configuration, gave the tricycle-geared, 1.9 meter exterior width wider-fuselage version, considering a larger load (12,200 kg/26,895 lb) of fuel, a possible stated maximum range of , equalling the potential range capability of the earlier-designed Me 261, an indicator of what could have been achieved had the 277 been in full consideration from its beginnings for the Amerikabomber design competition.

Armament
As envisioned the defensive armament was in five turrets; two manned, and the other three remotely operated. A remotely operated Fernbedienbare Drehlafette (FDL) 151Z turret with twin 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon  was in the "chin" position under the aircraft's nose. Along the top of the fuselage were a remotely operated FDL 151Z in the forward dorsal and a manned Hydraulische Drehlafette (HDL) 151Z in the rear dorsal position; each turret with two MG 151/20 cannon. Underneath the rear fuselage, just to the rear of the bomb-bay was a remotely operated ventral turret with two more MG 151/20 cannon. The gunner for the turret would lay prone, facing rearwards in a starboard-side offset position with a slightly protruding ventral blister-like gondola for the gun sight. In the end of the tail was a manned Hecklafette (HL) 131V turret with four 13 mm MG 131 heavy machine guns. The Hecklafette four-gun turret was planned to be used on some of the other Amerikabomber airframes, Heinkel's proposed developments of the He 177A airframe, and a projected "C-version" of the He 219 night fighter. This increasing demand for an advanced gun turret that had not even been produced by Borsig (the firm responsible for it), beyond a small number of test units and engineering mockups led to an alternative twin-cannon "HL 151Z" version with a single MG 151/20 cannon each side of the turret. Only a few ground test examples of the twin-cannon variant tail turret had been produced by March 1944.  One of these twin-cannon experimental tail turrets was mounted on an He 177A airframe for testing. Some sideview line drawing depictions of purported "He 277" aircraft, usually in the same aviation history volumes that purveyed the erroneous "He 177B/He 277" storyline, also show what could be an early He 177A-7-based depiction of the later Amerikabomber competitor bearing the He 177A's "Cabin 3" standard cockpit and a quartet of the He 219-derived Kraftei  DB 603 inverted V12 engines actually used on the four He 177B-series prototypes (He 177 V101 through V104) for power, with the abandoned Bugstandlafette BL 131V quadmount remote turret as a "chin turret" in place of the FDL 151Z system in the Heinkel firm's factory Typenblatt drawings — the BL 131V had been abandoned in 1943 as too heavy (reducing offensive bombload by a full tonne) and slowing the earlier He 177A airframe by some 30 km/h in top airspeed due to drag, making even the chance of its proposed existence on any He 277 design proposals unlikely.

Competing bomber designs
Throughout the time that the He 277 design was being worked on, Ernst Heinkel was facing competition from other heavy bomber designs under development, and other four-engined aircraft proposals that showed promise as heavy bombers: the Focke-Wulf Fw 300, and Ta 400, Junkers Ju 390), Messerschmitt Me 264, and Heinkel's own He 274 four-engined, high-altitude development of the He 177.

The first of these designs that the He 277 was pitted against, mostly to determine the "most producible" bomber that could also be license-built, given Germany's limited aircraft production capacity to arm the Luftwaffe with, and partially to determine the best long-range bomber design to fulfill the needs of the spring 1942-issued Amerikabomber program documents, the Messerschmitt Me 264 ended up being the first design to challenge the He 277's chance for production.  The Me 264 was a purpose-built long-range bomber, using a tricycle landing gear configuration from the start.  The Me 264 prototypes were already flying their test programs with power of exactly the same choice that Heinkel had asked for on November 17, 1938, for the He 177 V3 and V4 prototypes: with four Junkers Jumo 211 engines as early as late December 1942 – a full year after Nazi Germany had declared war on the United States, five months after the Eighth Air Force had begun flying bomber missions against Nazi-occupied France, and two months before the RLM's earliest-known mention of any recorded approval for the He 277 design itself — the later fitment of a quartet of the BMW 801 radials to each example of the trio of Me 264 prototypes also potentially challenged the availability of the same engine design that the He 277 was meant to use, had the Me 264 gone into production with them.

Development of the Me 264's  was stopped in May 1943 because of the need to use scarce strategic materials in its construction, and because of the better predicted performance of the Focke-Wulf Ta 400 and the He 277,.

With the US involvement in the European theater commencing in mid-August 1942, the Luftwaffe now found that it had a serious need for a well-armed, long-range bomber, which could not be achieved with the 1,120 kW (1,500 hp) class engines it had. Such ongoing difficulties in developing high-output aviation powerplants of over 1,500 kW apiece, that could be used in combat with proven reliability — which excluded the DB 606 engines of the earlier He 177A variants, which themselves proved to be seriously troublesome from the start of the He 177A's combat service in 1942 — meant that six engines of the under-1,500 kW (2,000 PS) power output levels would be needed on a strategic bomber design to fly from Europe, attack the US and safely return to base, with an effective bombload to be effective, and adequate defensive firepower. It was events on July 3, 1943 that seemed to cement this viewpoint in the RLM's mind – no production decisions on the still-unfinalized He 277's design had emerged by that date, and the continuing problems in Dessau with the high-output Junkers Jumo 222 engine had set back its development, making its use with the He 277, first proposed on that date, even more problematic. The Blohm & Voss firm's aviation division had already settled on six engines with success, as early as 1940, on the prototypes of the BV 222 Wiking flying boat maritime patrol aircraft (a 46 meter wingspan aircraft). This emerging need for six engines for such an aircraft was also recognized by Messerschmitt AG, which fielded a paper project for a six-engined "Me 264B",  with a wingspan stretched to 47.5 meters (155 ft 10 in)), with two additional BMW 801 radial engines outboard of the existing four powerplants and the same Hecklafette four-gun tail turret as the He 277. Eventually, the Heinkel firm received an order on July 23, 1943 from the Reich Air Ministry's technical department (Technischen Amt) — for Heinkel to design a set of wings for the 277's unfinalized design that could accept a four of the troubled Jumo 222 engines, alongside the still "paper-only" concept also being ordered to be designed and buildable with the desired six-engine format the RLM was now favoring for an Amerikabomber, intended to be upwards of a 170 square meter (1,830 sq. ft.) wing area of 45 meter (147 ft 7 in) span to possibly accommodate either four Jumo 222s or six BMW 801s.

In March 1943, Focke-Wulf came up with a six-engined version of their proposed Fw 300 bomber, originally powered with just four BMW 801E radials.  Their more advanced Ta 400 design, first proposed in October 1943 with a tricycle landing gear setup and meant to be powered six of the same engines as the 277 was meant to use, was joined by the Ju 390, a Junkers six-engined development of their Junkers Ju 290 maritime patrol bomber, and also using six of the same BMW radials as the 277, with both the earlier four-engined A-8 variant of the Ju 290, and the Ju 390A-1 each meant to have a pair of the He 277's Hecklafette quad-gun tail turrets, but with one each in the planned tail position and in a new nose-mount version.

By October 1943, Ernst Heinkel had compared the Messerschmitt and Junkers four-engined designs, and the six-engined BV 222, Ju 390 and Ta 400 designs to his own He 277 project, with the following conclusions:

Of these competing types mentioned by Dr. Heinkel — outside of the thirteen BV 222 six-engined maritime patrol flying boats actually built — only three of the Me 264 design, and a verified pair of the Ju 390 aircraft were ever built, solely as flyable prototypes, and none of these aircraft saw any action against the Allies.

The He 274, because of its own intended high-altitude role, was only a potential competitor with the He 277 for Heinkel's own company engineering and production staff, and the He 274's production had already been outsourced by the end of 1941 to the French Societe Anonyme des Usines Farman, or "SAUF" firm in Suresnes to partially allow Heinkel to work on other projects, like the He 277 and the more advanced Heinkel He 343 jet powered medium bomber design, both of which each had a few airframe components in the process of manufacture for prototype airframes, but with both designs never able to be completed as flyable aircraft.

End of the project
In April 1944, simultaneously with the four He 177B prototypes either flying (He 177 V101 to V103) or nearing completion (V104) at the Heinkel-Süd facility at Schwechat, the RLM ordered Heinkel to cease any further work on the He 277 project, and all components were also ordered to be scrapped, without any complete examples of the 277 ever having been completed by Heinkel, only three months before the "Emergency Fighter Programme" (Jägernotprogramm) took over all German military aircraft production priorities on July 3, 1944. Only the Heinkel He 162 Spatz lightweight jet fighter was allowed to progress into production by the RLM after that.

Specifications (He 277 basic configuration design )

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

 Green, William. Warplanes of the Third Reich. London: Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd., 1970 (4th Impression 1979). .
 Griehl, Manfred and Dressel, Joachim. Heinkel He 177-277-274, Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury, England 1998. . (Primary reference for article)
 Gunston, Bill & Wood, Tony. Hitler's Luftwaffe. London: Salamander Books Ltd., 1977. .
 Wagner, Ray and Nowarra, Heinz. German Combat Planes: A Comprehensive Survey and History of the Development of German Military Aircraft from 1914 to 1945. New York: Doubleday, 1971.

External links

 http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Heinkel%20He%20277.htm  (contains elements from the controversy mentioned at the start of this article)

Abandoned military aircraft projects of Germany
1940s German bomber aircraft
World War II heavy bombers of Germany
He 277

Heinkel He 277


الشاعر زهير فرعون، ولد في افريل 1926م، من عائلة محافظة في قرية لاربعا ناثيراثن تلقى تعليمه الأولي في زاوية القرية في بلاد القبائل حيث حفظ القران الكريم وتعلم مبادئ اللغة العربية والحساب. في عام1940 انتقل إلى قسنطينة حيث تابع دراسته في معهد جمعية العلماء إلى غاية 1946 انتقل إلى جامعة الزيتونة وتحصل على شهادة عليا في الأدب العربي والفقه. عاد إلى الجزائر عام 1951 والتحق بالتدريس في تلمسان بالمدارس الحرة التابعة لجمعية العلماء المسلمين الجزائريين وكان مقربا من صديقه رضا حوحو حيث كان ملهمه في كتاباته القصصية النقدية. بعد الاستقلال تقلد عدت مناصب في وزارة التربية. له عدت مقالات في جريدة الشعب وله ديوان حول الخيال العلمي لغزو الفضاء برواية عباس ابن فرناس الأندلسي الذي حاول الطيران بتقليد الطيور وتوفي في سبيل هذه الفكرة وكان ملهمه في كتابة شعر الخيال العلمي والتوقعات المستقبلية في غزو الفضاء تحدث فيه عن تمنيات عباس ابن فرناس وما كان يئمله ويطمح إليه في غزو الفضاء وهذا الديوان يتكون من 600 بيت شعري وقد اختفى هذا الديوان من المكتبة الوطنية. تحدث عنه الشاعر الخرفي في جريدة الشعب بعد الاستقلال عندما كان استاذا في جامعة الجزائر طبع في بيروت 1985 تحت عنوان مقامات الزهيري.

أشخاص يحتمل أن يكونوا أحياء
خريجو جامعة الزيتونة
شعراء وشاعرات جزائريون
مواليد 1926

زهير فرعون


El Adversario es un personaje ficticio, un supervillano demoníaco en el universo de Marvel Comics.

Publicación
El Adversario apareció por primera vez en Uncanny X-Men #187-188 (noviembre-diciembre de 1984) y fue creado por Chris Claremont y John Romita, Jr..

El personaje aparece en Uncanny X-Men #220-227 (agosto de 1987-marzo de 1988), Wolverine #86 (octubre de 1994), y X-Factor #118-121 (enero-abril de 1996).

Biografía
El Adversario es un demonio quién fue convocado por el miembro de X-Men Forja hacia varias décadas y desde entonces ha regresado para antagonizar a los X-Men y amenazar a todo el mundo.

Durante la Guerra de Vietnam, el mutante americano nativo conocido como Forge vio a su compañía ser asesinada por los vietnamitas del Norte. Forja aprovechó estar deprimido para invocar al Adversario para destruir los atacantes, pero luego volvió a sus sentidos y desterró al demonio.

Años después, el mentor de Froje, Nazé fue asesinado y su forma y recuerdos fueron robados por un Dire Wraith, un parásito alienígena. El impostor Nazé convocó al Adversario, sólo para ser destruido por el demonio. El Adversario luego fue capaz de escapar la dimensión en la que estaba atado, capturando a Forje y su aliada, Tormenta de los X-Men, y encarcelándolos en otro mundo con Roma.

El Adversario luego viajó a Dallas, Texas, y se enfrentó con X-Men y Freedom Force durante la "Caída de los Mutantes". En última instancia, la única manera de desterrar permanentemente al Adversario era por nueve almas dispuestas a sacrificarse en un hechizo mágico. Los X-Men se pusieron de acuerdo, y Forje lanzó el hechizo. Los X-Men murieron, pero Roma en secreto regresó a la vida.

El Adversario luego regresó a la Tierra, al nacer físicamente en Tierra como el hijo del mutante Haven, pero fue nuevamente expulsado por Forje, quién al momento se encontraba afiliado con X-Factor.

Durante la historia de Fear Itself, Adversary asiste a la Defensa del Diablo para hablar sobre las acciones de la Serpiente en la Tierra.

El Adversario posee a Forge en Cable y X-Force - Volumen 4, pero está atrapado en una prisión mental dentro de la subconsciencia del Dr. Nemesis.

Poderes y habilidades
El Adversario es un demonio poderoso del primer orden y posee poderes sobrenaturales. Es esencialmente invencible a cualquier cosa pero el más poderoso es la magia y el hierro. Tiene una fuerza sobrehumana y resistencia, que, siendo mágico en la naturaleza, tiene un alto potencial.

Puede entrar y dejar diferentes planos de existencia y dimensiones a voluntad y tiene poderes de deformación de realidad. También puede convocar a demonios y otras criaturas sobrenaturales.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Adversary en Marvel.com
 Adversary en Marvel Wiki
 Adversary en Comic Vine

Villanos de Marvel Comics
Personajes creados por Chris Claremont
Demonios de Marvel Comics
Personajes de Marvel Comics que usan magia
Personajes creados por John Romita, Jr.
Personajes de Marvel Comics con fuerza sobrehumana
Personajes de Marvel Comics que pueden moverse a velocidades sobrehumanas

en:List of Marvel Comics characters: A#Adversary
it:Avversario

Adversario (cómic)


RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under é uma série de televisão via streaming de reality de competição baseada na série de televisão americana de mesmo nome produzida pela World of Wonder e Warner Bros. International Television Production New Zealand. O programa documenta RuPaul e um painel de jurados em busca de "a próxima superestrela drag de Down Under". RuPaul desempenha vários papéis no programa, incluindo apresentador, mentor e juiz principal da série, pois os competidores recebem diferentes desafios para participar a cada semana. O show também emprega um painel de juízes: RuPaul, Michelle Visage e Rhys Nicholson. A série estreou no TVNZ 2 e TVNZ OnDemand na Nova Zelândia, Stan na Austrália e no WOW Presents Plus internacionalmente em 1 de maio de 2021. A série também está sendo transmitida pela BBC Three e BBC iPlayer no Reino Unido, e transmitida pela Crave e seu serviço de streaming associado no Canadá.

As dez drag queens competem pelo título de "primeira superestrela drag de Down Under", um suprimento de um ano da Revolution Beauty Cosmetics e um prêmio em dinheiro de US$ 30.000. A vencedora da primeira temporada de RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under foi Kita Mean.

Em setembro de 2021, a série foi renovada para uma segunda temporada. A seleção de elenco foi encerrada em 5 de outubro de 2021.

A diretora de conteúdo da TVNZ, Cate Slater, disse que a TVNZ fará parceria com Stan, World of Wonder, Passion Distribution e Warner Bros. International Television Production New Zealand para mais uma temporada de RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under, que deve ser filmada na Nova Zelândia e lançada em 2022.

Formato
Assim como a versão americana, RuPaul tem vários papéis dentro do programa, atuando como apresentador, treinador e juiz. Como apresentador, RuPaul apresenta convidados famosos, anuncia os desafios dos quais as rainhas participarão a cada semana e revela quem deixará a competição. Por seu papel como treinador, RuPaul oferece orientação aos competidores em cada desafio e, como juiz, ele critica as rainhas sobre seu desempenho geral no desafio. O programa usa eliminação progressiva para reduzir o número de drag queens na competição do campo inicial de dez competidores (série 1), até as quatro finalistas. Cada episódio segue um formato composto por um mini desafio, um desafio principal, um desfile (onde as competidoras modelam em uma passarela, geralmente com um tema baseado no desafio principal), o painel de jurados, uma batalha de dublagem e a eliminação de um concorrente.

Mini desafios
Nos mini desafios, cada competidor é solicitado a realizar uma tarefa diferente com requisitos variados e limitações de tempo. Certos mini desafios são repetidos de série para série, ou repetidos da temporada original americana. Por exemplo, o primeiro mini desafio é uma sessão de fotos com um fotógrafo ou com o próprio RuPaul, que inclui um toque especial (como ser encharcado de água enquanto estiver totalmente em drag, ter um ventilador de alta potência ligado durante a sessão ou ser fotografado enquanto pula em um trampolim). Um mini desafio recorrente é dedicado à "leitura", um termo drag para fazer observações insultuosas sobre os colegas para efeito cômico, inspirado em Paris Is Burning. O vencedor de um mini desafio às vezes é recompensado com uma vantagem no desafio principal. Embora a maioria dos episódios tenha um mini desafio, episódios selecionados não tem.

Maxi desafios e desfiles
Os requisitos do desafio máximo variam em cada episódio e podem ser desafios individuais ou em grupo. O vencedor do desafio maxi também recebe um prêmio especial por sua vitória. O desafio maxi final consistiu nas rainhas participando de uma rotina de canto e dança ao som de uma das músicas de RuPaul.

O objetivo de cada maxi desafio envolve um novo tema e resultado. Os competidores são frequentemente solicitados a projetar e construir uma roupa personalizada, às vezes incorporando materiais não convencionais. Outros desafios se concentram na capacidade dos competidores de se apresentarem diante das câmeras, atuarem com música ou atuarem com humor. Alguns desafios se tornaram uma tradição ao longo das temporadas, como o "Snatch Game" (em que os competidores se passam por celebridades como uma paródia do Match Game), um baile ou uma transformação, em que os competidores criam personas drag para outras pessoas. Os competidores descem uma passarela apresentando roupas. Se o desafio maxi envolver a criação de uma roupa, essa roupa é apresentada aos juízes na passarela. Caso contrário, é atribuído um tema e os concorrentes devem montar um look que se adeque ao tema, que é apresentado aos jurados. A aparência da passarela e a apresentação são julgadas juntamente com o desempenho do maxi desafio.

Painel de jurados
Um painel de juízes emite opiniões sobre as performances do desafio e os looks da passarela, primeiro para os competidores no palco e depois novamente com eles fora do palco.

RuPaul atuou como apresentador e juiz principal, com Michelle Visage e Rhys Nicholson como juízes coadjuvantes.

O programa fez uma tentativa frustrada de reservar a primeira-ministra da Nova Zelândia, Jacinda Ardern, para alguma forma de aparição, seja como jurada convidada ou fazendo uma aparição na sala de trabalho. Ardern recusou, citando problemas de agenda.

Resumo da série

1.ª temporada (2021)
A primeira temporada de RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under começou a ser exibida em 1 de maio de 2021 mo Stan na Austrália, TVNZ 2 na Nova Zelândia e no serviço de streaming WOW Presents Plus da World of Wonder internacionalmente e durou 8 episódios. Os jurados incluíram RuPaul, Michelle Visage e Rhys Nicholson. O elenco foi anunciado em 6 de março no YouTube. Art Simone, Karen from Finance, Kita Mean e Scarlet Adams chegaram à final, com Kita Mean sendo coroada a primeira superestrela drag de Down Under.

2.ª temporada (2022)
A segunda temporada foi confirmada e a escalação foi aberta em 9 de setembro de 2021. A escalação foi encerrada na terça-feira, 5 de outubro.

A diretora de conteúdo da TVNZ, Cate Slater, disse que a TVNZ fará parceria com Stan, World of Wonder, Passion Distribution e Warner Bros. International Television Production New Zealand para mais uma temporada de RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under, que será filmada na Nova Zelândia e lançada em 2022."

De acordo com relatos da mídia, a temporada começou a ser filmada em 18 de janeiro e estava programada para terminar em 14 de fevereiro de 2022. Os jurados da primeira temporada, Michelle Visage e Rhys Nicholson, foram vistos no sul de Auckland nessa época, levando à especulação de que ambos estariam retornando para julgar a segunda temporada. A concorrente da 1ª temporada, Anita Wigl'it, também confirmou que estava filmando uma aparição para a 2ª temporada.

Referências

Ligações externas

  (Austrália)
  (Nova Zelândia)

Séries de televisão com temática LGBT
Programas de televisão da Austrália que estrearam em 2021
Programas de televisão da Nova Zelândia que estrearam em 2021
Webséries de 2021
Reality shows da Austrália
Programação original do Stan
Programas de televisão impactados pela pandemia de COVID-19
Programas da TVNZ
Programação original do WOW Presents Plus

RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under


Yaşıyorum, Soner Arıca'nın 18 Mayıs 1995'te yayınladığı üçüncü albümü.

Albümdeki şarkılar
 Derbeder, (Söz:Soner Arıca, Müzik: Soner Arıca & Sezgin Gezgin, Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Yanımda Yer Var, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik & Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Beni Bırakma, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik: Salih Duman, Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Oyun Bitti, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik & Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Bu mu Sevda, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik: Soner Arıca & Sezgin Gezgin, Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Yaşıyorum, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik & Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Yalvarma, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik & Düzenleme: Deneb Pinjo)
 Gözbebeğimsin, (Söz & Müzik: Soner Arıca & Sezgin Gezgin, Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Kapını Çalan Benim, (Söz: Soner Arıca, Müzik & Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)
 Yüreğime Ektim Seni, (Söz: Mustafa Kalaycıoğlu, Müzik: Mustafa Budan, Düzenleme: Sezgin Gezgin)

Albüm künyesi
 Kreatif tasarım: Soner Arıca
 Müzik yönetmeni: Sezgin Gezgin
 Süpervizör: Şafak Karaman
 Mix-Mastering: Deneb Pinjo
 Stüdyo: Livingroom, Melki
 Kayıt: Cem Büyükuzun
 Fotoğraf: Yaşar Saraçoğlu
 Grafik tasarım: Medya Ofis

Kaynakça
 www.sonerarica.net

Soner Arıca albümleri
1995 albümleri

Yaşıyorum


Slava nama, smrt neprijateljima (rus. Слава — нам, смерть — врагам) ruski je film redatelja Jevgenija Bauera.

Radnja
Film govori o sestri milosrđa koja zajedno sa svojim zaručnikom odlazi u rat.

Uloge
 Dora Čitorina
 Ivan Mozžuhin

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Slava nama, smrt neprijateljima na Kino Poisk

Ruski filmovi 1910-ih

Slava nama, smrt neprijateljima


A Maré de Matosinhos (ou Maré Matosinhos ou apenas Maré, estilizada como marē) é um serviço de transporte rodoviário coletivo de passageiros que serve o concelho de Matosinhos, em Portugal, com algumas carreiras estendendo-se aos concelhos limítrofes.

História
A Maré de Matosinhos foi lançada em 2019 como parceria entre Grupo Resende e Grupo Barraqueiro — descrita como «um serviço prestado pela ViaMove – Soluções de Mobilidade, Lda». Opera 23 carreiras que anteriormente eram efetuadas sob a chancela Resende Urbanos, mantendo maioritariamente a respetiva numeração (104-135).

Em 2020, a Maia Transportes (participada pelo Grupo Resende e pelo Grupo Barraqueiro em 45% cada) adquiriu oito autocarros MAN 19.250 HOCL que foram postos ao serviço do sistema Maré de Matosinhos.

Carreiras
Em dados de 2021, opera 23 carreiras:
 Vilar do Senhor ⇆ Sete Bicas[◲◴]
 Lavra ⇆ Sete Bicas[◲◴] (horário noturno)
 Leça (Decathlon) ⇆ Areosa[◲◴]
 Aeroporto ⇆ Custóias[◲◴] (horário noturno)
 Leça (praia) ⇆ São Roque (circunvalação)[◲◴]
 Matosinhos (mercado) ⇆ Valongo (estação)[◲◴]
 Matosinhos ⇆ Valongo[◲◴] (horário noturno)
 Mar Shopping ⇆ São Roque (circunvalação)[◲◴]
 Freixieiro ⇆ Senhora da Hora (Metro)[◲◴]
 Perafita (B.º Caç.) ⇆ Gatões[◲◴]
 Paiço ⇆ Sete Bicas (Metro)[◲◴]
 Aeroporto ⇆ Guifões[◲◴]
 Matosinhos (mercado) ⇆ Ermesinde/Sobrado[◲◴]
 Matosinhos (Câmara) ↺[◲◴]
 Matosinhos (mercado) ↺[◲◴]
 Hospital Pedro Hispano ⇆ Cabo do Mundo[◲◴]
 Lionesa ⇆ Porto Casa da Música[◲◴]
 Paiço/Matosinhos ⇆ Custió (Ponte de Moreira)[◲◴]
 Angeiras ⇆ Mar Shopping[◲◴]
 Vilar do Pinheiro (Metro) ⇆ Angeiras[◲◴]
 Aeroporto ⇆ Agudela[◲◴]
 Aeroporto ⇆ Viso (Metro)[◲◴]
 Senhora da Hora (Metro) ⇆ Leça (Exponor)[◲◴]

Ligações externas
 https://maredematosinhos.pt/

Transportes em Matosinhos
Grupo Barraqueiro
Empresas de transporte por autocarros de Portugal
Empresas de transportes públicos de Portugal

Maré Matosinhos


الضباعية ، منطقة من مناطق محافظة الأحمدي في الكويت ،  سميت نسبةً إلى فرع من قبيلة شيبان من بكر بن وائل وهي ضبيعة بن ثعلبة حيث كانت تسكن جزءًا من الساحل. فيها منتزه الضباعية للشاليهات الخاصة.

المراجع

الضباعية


عادل سمنان ممثل يمني.. ممثل كوميدي من الطراز الأول .عرفه الجمهور في مسلسل الكنز.. ثم انطلق إلى النجومية من خلال المسلسل الكوميدي الاجتماعي كيني ميني بأجزائه الثلاثة التي أنتجت للفضائية اليمنية ..و كيني ميني في تلك الأجزاء من تأليف الكاتب محمد صالح الحبيشي وعبد الكريم الأشموري وإخراج المخرج فضل العلفي، ثم استمر بالعمل في جزئية الرابع والخامس مع قناة السعيدة و واصل بعدها مع مسلسلات أخرى.

أهم الأعمال
 أشواق وأشواك - عرض في رمضان 2009
 كيني ميني 5 - عرض في رمضان 2009
 الرهان الخاسر - فيلم 2008 2 - عرض في رمضان 2006
 كيني ميني 1 - عرض في رمضان 2005
 مسلسل الكنز
 الوصية
 حسن وضعك
 البرنامج الكوميدي الساخر ( البساط احمديعرض في قناة السعيدة عامين متتالين من إخراج محمد علي سلامة وشارك في البطولة الفنان نصر السماوي

المراجع

ممثلون يمنيون

عادل سمنان


Bansemer ist der Familienname von:

 Günther Bansemer (* 1958), deutscher Fußballspieler
 Sunny Bansemer (* 1983), deutsche Schauspielerin, Synchronsprecherin und Moderatorin

Bansemer


An Epidendrum spruceanum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni John Lindley. An Epidendrum spruceanum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epidendrum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epidendrum

Epidendrum spruceanum