Kuća u Omišu, na adresi Poljički trg 2 je dvokatnica izgrađena u 17. stoljeću, kada je u Omišu minula opasnost od Turaka te se grad počeo slobodnije razvijati. O gradnji kuće govori natpis na kamenoj ploči iz 1625. god. ugrađenoj nad vratima u prizemlju. Ploča je uokvirena renesansnim profilom i natkrita profiliranim vijencem. Kuća nosi oznake ranog dalmatinskog baroka u kojem su renesansni oblici i motivi osnovni repertoar.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom RST-1001-1978. zavedena je pod vrstom "nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno", pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "stambene građevine".

Izvori

Zaštićene stambene građevine u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Građevine u Omišu

Kuća na Poljičkom trgu 2 u Omišu


Taizō bezeichnet:
 Taizō (Name), einen japanischen Männernamen
 Taizo (Mondkrater), Furchenstruktur am Südende von Rima Hadley

Taizō


كانت ولاية ديلاوير هي أول ولاية تصادق على دستور الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وذلك في 7 كانون الأول - ديسمبر من سنة 1787 م وكانت ولاية نيوهامبشير الولاية التاسعة التي صادقت على الدستور لكن الآباء المؤسسين لم يكونوا واثقين من أن الدستور سيكون موضع قبول عام، إلا بعد أن تصادق عليه ولايتان رئيسيتان هما نيويورك وفرجينيا وقد نشأت معارضة قوية ومنظمة للدستور في هاتين الولايتين وفي ولايات أخرى. وأعرب زعماء مثل ألبريدج جيري وباتريك هنري وريتشارد هنري لي وجورج ماسون عن معارضتهم للمصادقة على الدستور وقد أصبح الدستور نافذ المفعول يوم 21 حزيران/يونيو من سنة 1788 وقد صادقت ولاية فرجينيا على الدستور في 25 حزيران/يونيو من سنة 1788 ولتها نيويورك في في 26 تموز/يوليو من نفس السنة لكن ولايتي رود آيلاند ونورث كارولينا رفضتا إقرار الدستور والاشتراك في الحكومة الجديدة إلا بعد أن وافق الكونغرس على إضافة وثيقة الحقوق إلى الدستور.

وثيقة الحقوق

لقد صيغت هذه التعديلات بهدف حماية الحريات الفردية من إمكانية ممارسة الحكومة الفدرالية لحكم غير عادل واقترح 15 تعديلا فقبل الكونغرس أن يحيل 12 منها إلى الولايات لكي تصادق عليها طبقا لأحكام التعديل التي نصت عليها المادة الخامسة من الدستور وبحلول 15 كانون الأول/ديسمبر 1791 كان عدد كاف من الولايات قد وافق على عشرة من أصل اثني عشر تعديلا وجعلها جزءا دائما من الدستور. وعرفت هذه التعديلات بـ (وثيقة الحقوق)أما التعديلين المرفوضين فأولهما يتعلق بحجم مجلس النواب والذي يقضي بتغيير نسبة الممثلين من واحد لكل 30,000 شخص إلى واحد لكل 50,000 شخص أما التعديل الثاني المرفوض فدعا إلى عدم تمكين الكونغرس من تعديل رواتب أعضائه إلا بعد إجراء انتخابات لأعضاء مجلس النواب وبحلول سنة 1992 م كان هناك 27 تعديلا ويمكن اقتراح التعديلات بأغلبية ثلثي أصوات أعضاء كل من مجلسي الكونغرس أو عن طريق مؤتمر وطني يدعو له الكونغرس. ويصبح التعديل جزءا من الدستور بعد المصادقة عليه إما من قبل المجالس التشريعية لثلاثة أرباع الولايات على الأقل أو من قبل مؤتمرات تعقد في ثلاثة أرباع الولايات على الأقل وتصبح هذه التعديلات جزء من الدستور الأمريكي.

تعديلات الدستور الأمريكي

التعديلات من الأول إلى العاشر

 التعديل الأول حتى التعديل العاشر، تمت المصادقة عليها في العام 1791.

التعديل الحادي عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 4 آذار - مارس من سنة 1794 و صودق على هذا التعديل في 7 فبراير - شباط من سنة 1795.

التعديل الثاني عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 9 كانون الأول - ديسمبر من سنة 1803 و صودق عليه في 27 تموز - يوليو من سنة 1804.

التعديل الثالث عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 31 من شهر كانون الثاني- يناير من سنة 1865 و صودق على هذا التعديل في 6 من كانون الأول - ديسمبر من نفس السنة أي سنة 1865.

التعديل الرابع عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 13 حزيران - يونيو من سنة 1866 و صودق على هذا التعديل في 9 تموز - يوليو من سنة 1868.

التعديل الخامس عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 26 فبراير - شباط من سنة 1869، وصودق عليه في 3 شباط- فبراير من سنة 1870.

التعديل السادس عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 12 يوليو - تموز من عام 1909، وصودق عليه في 3 شباط- فبراير من سنة 1913.

التعديل السابع عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 13 أيار - مايو من سنة 1912 و صودق على هذا التعديل في 8 نيسان أبريل من سنة 1913.

التعديل الثامن عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 18 من شهر كانون الأول - ديسمبر من سنة 1917 و صودق عليه في 16 كانون الثاني - يناير من سنة 1919 ثم جرى استبداله بتعديل آخر رقم 21 في سنة 1933.

التعديل التاسع عشر
اقترح هذا التعديل في 4 حزيران - يونيو من سنة 1919 و صودق عليه في 18 من شهر آب -أغسطس من سنة 1920.

التعديل العشرون
اقترح هذا التعديل في الثاني من شهر آذار مارس من سنة 1932 وتمت المصادقة عليه في 23 من شهر كانون الثاني - يناير من 1933.

التعديل الحادي والعشرون
اقترح هذا التعديل في 20 شباط- فبراير من سنة 1933 و صودق عليه في 5 كانون الأول- ديسمبر من سنة 1933.

التعديل الثاني والعشرون
واقترح هذا التعديل في 24 آذار - مارس من سنة 1947 و صودق عليه في 27 شباط - فبراير من سنة 1951.

التعديل الثالث والعشرون
واقترح هذا التعديل في 16 حزيران -يونيو من سنة 1960 و صودق عليه في 29 آذار - مارس من سنة 1961.

التعديل الرابع والعشرون
اقترح هذا التعديل في 27 آب - أغسطس من سنة 1962 و صودق عليه في 23 كانون الثاني - يناير من سنة 1964.

التعديل الخامس والعشرون
اقترح هذا التعديل في 6 تموز - يوليو من سنة 1965 و صودق عليه في 10 شباط - فبراير من سنة 1967.

التعديل السادس والعشرون
واقترح هذا التعديل في 23 آذار - مارس من سنة 1971 و صودق عليه في 1 تموز - يوليو من نفس السنة أي في سنة 1971.

التعديل السابع والعشرون
واقترح هذا التعديل في 25 أيلول - سبتمبر من سنة 1989 و صودق عليه في 7 أيار - مايو من سنة 1992.

ملخص بيانات التصديق لكل تعديل تم التصديق عليها

التعديلات غير المصدق عليها

ملخص لكل تعديل غير مصدقة

تلخيص بيانات التصديق لكل تعديل غير مصدقة

المصادر

قوائم متعلقة بتاريخ الولايات المتحدة
تعديلات دستور الولايات المتحدة
سياسة الولايات المتحدة

قائمة تعديلات دستور الولايات المتحدة


Vuelta a España 2016 var den 71. udgave af Vuelta a España. Det blev arrangeret i perioden 20. august til 11. september 2016. Løbet startede med en 29,4 km lang holdtidskørsel. Nairo Quintana fra  blev den samlede vinder af løbet.

Hold og ryttere

159 af de 198 startende fuldførte løbet. På 15. etape havnede 93 ryttere udenfor tidsgrænsen, men juryen gav tilladelse til at de kunne fortsætte i løbet. Alejandro Valverde og Adam Hansen fuldførte deres tredje Grand Tour for året, Hansen i sit sekstende i træk.

Blandt forhåndsfavoritterne til sejren var Alberto Contador, Chris Froome, Esteban Chaves, Steven Kruijswijk, Alejandro Valverde og Nairo Quintana.

Danske ryttere
 Magnus Cort kørte for

Etaperne

Klassementsfordelingen

Resultater

Samlede stilling

Pointkonkurrencen

Bjergkonkurrencen

Kombinationskonkurrencen

Holdkonkurrencen

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

2016
UCI World Tour 2016

Vuelta a España 2016


Det afrikanske Kompagni (eller Det marokkanske Kompagni) stiftedes på Frederik V's fødselsdag 31. marts 1755. Allerede i 1749 var der gjort privat forsøg på at få en handelsforbindelse i gang med den afrikanske middelhavskyst, men først ved oktrojen af 1755 fik denne handel en fast organisation. Den ældre Bernstorff var drivfjederen i dette pompøse foretagende, der skulle fremme Danmarks handel ved at skaffe nyt opland for danske varer og råprodukter for dansk industri. Selskabet fik eneret på handelen på Marokko og forpagtede tolden på den marokkanske kyst. Imidlertid gik det stort anlagte foretagende snart ynkelig i stykker, og det trods de mange begunstigelser, der blev kompagniet til del fra regeringens side:kostbare eskadrer blev sendt ned til Middelhavet; der blev indrømmet det toldfrihed, og betydelige pengesummer tilflød det fra statskassen. Omsider blev det klart for alle, at det ikke kunne nytte ad denne kunstige vej at fremtvinge en blomstrende handel. Efter at have ofret millioner på dette selskab, måtte staten til sidst, i 1766, indløse og ophæve det.

Eksterne henvisninger
Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon, 2. udgave, bind I (1915), s. 267)

Handelskompagnier
Etableret i 1755
Ophørt i 1766

Det Afrikanske Kompagni


La saison 2021-2022 est la  saison de la Liiga, le championnat élite de hockey sur glace en Finlande.

La saison régulière commence le  et se termine le . Elle est suivie des séries éliminatoires qui se concluent le  sur la victoire du Tappara.

Liiga

Participants
Comme les saisons précédentes, 15 équipes sont engagées en Liiga :

Saison régulière

Classement

Séries éliminatoires
Les matchs de barrage se jouent en deux matchs, le vainqueur étant désigné au cumul des buts. Les séries se jouent ensuite au meilleur des 7 rencontres à l'exception du match pour la troisième place qui se joue en une seule rencontre.
Pour les quarts de finale et les demi-finales, l'équipe la mieux classée lors de la saison régulière affronte la moins bien classée : l'adversaire n'est donc connu qu'à l'issue de tous les matchs du tour précédent.

Tappara, champion de la saison régulière, remporte le titre en battant le TPS 4 matches à 1 en finale.

Tableau récapitulatif

Mestis

Saison régulière

Suomi-sarja

Références

2021-2022
Finlande
Sport en Finlande en 2021
Sport en Finlande en 2022

Championnat de Finlande de hockey sur glace 2021-2022


Edward Andrew Schultz (January 27, 1954 – July 5, 2018) was an American television and radio host, political commentator, news anchor and sports broadcaster.

He was the host of The Ed Show, a weekday news talk program on MSNBC from 2009 to 2015, and The Ed Schultz Show, a talk radio show, nationally syndicated by Dial Global from 2004 to 2014. The radio show ended on May 23, 2014, and was replaced by a one-hour podcast, Ed Schultz News and Commentary, which ran from 2015 until his death. Schultz also hosted a daily primetime weekday show, News with Ed Schultz, on RT America TV channel based in Washington, D.C., that is part of the RT network.

Early life
Schultz was born in Norfolk, Virginia, and grew up in the Larchmont area near Old Dominion University, the son of George Schultz, an aeronautical engineer, and Mary Schultz, an English teacher. He attended Larchmont Elementary School, Blair Junior High, and graduated in 1972 from Maury High School in Norfolk.

He moved to Minnesota to play football on a scholarship from Minnesota State University Moorhead. He made All-American and became the NAIA passing leader in 1977 and signed as a free agent with the Oakland Raiders. In 1979, Schultz tried out for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League.

Broadcasting career

Sportscasting
After his football career, he worked as a sportscaster in Fargo, North Dakota, for two local stations, first KTHI-TV (now KVLY-TV) then on WDAY-TV beginning 1983. Schultz anchored nightly sports broadcasts at WDAY-TV and starting in 1982 did radio play-by-play of North Dakota State University (NDSU) football games. Management asked Schultz to take some time off after an incident in which Schultz exited the broadcast booth to look for a North Dakota State fan who threw a bottle of Southern Comfort through the booth window.

Schultz, who was touted as the "Voice of the Bison" for many years at WDAY, left in 1996 and began broadcasting for KFGO in Fargo, doing play-by-play work on University of North Dakota (UND) Fighting Hawks football broadcasts beginning in 1998. Schultz left as UND play-by-play man in 2003 to focus on his national radio show.

Talk radio

In 1992, Schultz became a conservative political talk show host on WDAY. In 1996, Schultz moved to KFGO. Schultz's News and Views radio show quickly grew into a regional broadcast stretching from South Dakota to Minnesota. His political views leaned towards the right during the early years, and Schultz told the Los Angeles Times that he "lined up with the Republicans because they were anti-tax and I wanted to make a lot of money." His political views became more liberal after he visited a Salvation Army cafeteria in 1998 and later took his radio show on the road riding in a 38-foot motorhome. Throughout the tour, Schultz visited families in rural North Dakota and described his tour as "the on-the-job experience that have changed my thinking as to where we're going as a country."

Schultz pondered a run as a Republican for the United States House of Representatives against Democratic Representative Earl Pomeroy in 1994, but decided against it after visiting with state Republican leaders.

In 2005, Schultz began a nationally syndicated radio show with a liberal-leaning perspective; the expansion was funded by the New York-based nonprofit called Democracy Radio. The Ed Schultz Show was broadcast from the Fargo, North Dakota, studios of KFGO via the Jones Radio Networks to over 100 radio stations (). The show was syndicated by Dial Global, and could be heard nationwide on Sirius Satellite Radio's "SIRIUS Left" channel, and XM Satellite Radio's America Left channel. The program was also heard on Armed Forces Radio. Schultz's radio show moved to New York City in May 2009, a relocation brought on by his new television show at MSNBC.

Schultz interviewed guests and often featured Norman Goldman as "Senior Legal Analyst" when issues of law were discussed. Goldman was a frequent substitute host because he maintained high ratings for Schultz's show. Goldman's popularity made it a natural step for him to host his own national talk show. Norman Goldman, a Los Angeles lawyer, describes himself as "fiercely independent" and continues to acknowledge Schultz's mentoring.

According to a 2008 survey done by Talkers magazine, Schultz ranked #17 nationally, with a weekly audience of more than 3 million listeners. On November 30, 2006, Schultz announced he was moving to the "prime real estate" time slot from noon to 3 p.m. Eastern Time, to compete directly with Rush Limbaugh, whose show is broadcast in that time slot.

During his show on May 24, 2011, Schultz called Laura Ingraham both a "right-wing slut" and a "talk slut." Feminist organizations, including the Women's Media Center, called for his suspension. The following day he issued an apology by saying he "used vile and inappropriate language when talking about talk show host Laura Ingraham. I am deeply sorry, and I apologize. It was wrong, uncalled for and I recognize the severity of what I said. I apologize to you, Laura, and ask for your forgiveness." He offered an indefinite self-suspension without pay. Ingraham accepted his apology: "Ed Schultz said something about me on his show that was not all that nice, to say the least. It was pretty crude. He apologized, and I accept his apology. It seemed heartfelt, it seemed like he really wished he hadn't said it and I accept that apology." MSNBC issued a statement saying that it had accepted Schultz's offer to take one week of unpaid leave over the matter.

Schultz ended his radio show on May 23, 2014. He stated on MSNBC, "This change will give me more flexibility to be on the road, to do the kind of shows I want to do here for The Ed Show here on MSNBC. This is on me, you know. I just don't want to do a three-hour talk show anymore."

The Ed Show
On April 1, 2009, MSNBC announced the launch of The Ed Show, anchored by Schultz. The program replaced the 6 p.m. show 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue with David Shuster, who moved to the 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. slot. The Ed Show debuted at 6 p.m. on Monday, April 6, 2009. At the close of 2010, Schultz made The Nations Progressive Honor Roll as the Most Valuable TV Voice and was deemed the "most populist of MSNBC's hosts".

After Keith Olbermann left MSNBC, The Ed Show moved to the 10 p.m. ET time slot on January 24, 2011.

On August 15, 2011, Schultz used an edited video clip of Texas Governor Rick Perry at a rally talking about the national debt crisis. Governor Perry said "getting America back to work is the most important issue that faces this country, being able to pay off $14.5 trillion or $16 trillion worth of debt. That big black cloud that hangs over America, that debt that is so monstrous." The audio of the clip was cut off after "America", so Schultz's audience did not hear "that debt that is so monstrous". Governor Perry refers to the debt before and after the "big black cloud" statement. Schultz said, "That black cloud Perry is talking about is President Barack Obama." The following day on his TV show Schultz apologized for taking Governor Perry out of context. "We did not present the full context of those statements and we should have ... No doubt about it, it was a mistake and we regret the error ... we should not have included it in our coverage."

On October 19, 2011, NBC announced that effective October 24, 2011, The Ed Show would be moving to the 8 p.m. Eastern slot, with The Last Word with Lawrence O'Donnell returning to the 10 p.m. slot. On March 9, 2012, Politico reported that Schultz had received nearly $200,000 in speaking fees and advertisement charges from labor unions without publicly disclosing this income, a potential conflict of interest for his television show, which is billed as a news program.

In April 2011, NBC News producer and sound engineer Michael Queen sued Schultz, claiming Schultz should have compensated him for helping him get a TV show on MSNBC. Schultz argued there was no such agreement with Queen, and countersued Queen. On April 30, 2012, Washington federal district court Judge Beryl A. Howell issued a summary judgment that neither party owed anything to the other party. On April 4, 2014, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit overturned part of that judgment, saying that Queen's claim of breach of partnership duties presented a "genuine issue of material fact" that deserved to be heard by a jury. At trial, Schultz won.

Schultz left his nightly 8 p.m. ET show to host a twice-a-week MSNBC show on weekends from 5 p.m. to 6 p.m. ET, beginning April 2013. The 8 p.m. weekdays time slot was taken over on April 1, 2013, with All In with Chris Hayes. Effective August 26, 2013, The Ed Show moved back to weekdays at 5 p.m. ET.

On July 30, 2015, MSNBC President Phil Griffin announced that the series had been cancelled in an effort to transition to news reporting. The program aired its final episode on July 31, 2015, without Schultz being present.

Allegations of political bias at MSNBC and subsequent firing
In an interview with National Review'''s Jamie Weinstein Schultz stated that he had prepared a report on Bernie Sanders' presidential candidate announcement at his home, but five minutes before the broadcast was due to air, he was angrily told by then-president of MSNBC Phil Griffin that "you're not covering this" and "you're not covering Bernie Sanders". Schultz stated that he objected to the prohibition because he felt the topic of a presidential candidate announcement was relevant, but was told not to cover the announcement, and that he would be covering press conferences in Texas and Baltimore which had already been outlined, which Schultz referred to as "totally meaningless".

Schultz stated that he felt the reason for the termination 45 days after the Sanders announcement was because Hillary Clinton and Andrew Lack were "joined at the hip", and that MSNBC was "in the tank with Hillary Clinton", that the process was managed by executives, who did not want their primetime hosts affiliating with anyone other than Hillary Clinton. Schultz also stated that after being hired as a host for RT America, that he had more creative freedom and was not dictated to with regard to editorial content, and that he was doing "real journalism" at RT, as opposed to MSNBC, which he characterized as "opinion".

Ed Schultz News and Commentary
After cancellation on MSNBC, Schultz did a half-hour podcast every weekday commenting on news and issues. His platform was much more mobile and able to take his show to the streets among those people whom he supported in the labor movement.

News with Ed Schultz
On January 14, 2016, Ed Schultz announced he would start hosting News with Ed Schultz on RT America, with the debut show occurring 11 days later. According to The Washington Post, in his new position with the Russian Federation-sponsored network he reversed several previously held positions; for example, he expressed newfound praise for Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin.

Political views
In the late 1990s, Schultz stated that a series of events changed his political views from the right of the political spectrum to left of the spectrum. One event was his mother's battle with Alzheimer's disease, which began a long, slow decline of her mental health. Schultz found it frustrating trying to get her the services that she needed. Another was that he met, and eventually married, a psychiatric nurse named Wendy, who ran a homeless shelter in Fargo, North Dakota. He attributed much of his political change to her. Although he had criticized the homeless on his show, he said in his book that she helped to humanize them and he reportedly found that some of the people he had insulted were veterans, unable to get the psychiatric or medical services that might help them. He says that was the moment he began to look at poverty differently.

He became a Democrat in 2000, marking the formal turn in his politics from conservative to liberal. He began to hold events to raise money for people in the heartland who were going through tough times. Schultz considered running for the Democratic-NPL party nomination for governor of North Dakota against incumbent Republican John Hoeven in 2004, but decided to continue his more lucrative career in radio. Schultz subsequently declared himself a "lefty" and centered a large portion of his radio show on the "plight of working Americans". He stated that he and his sons were gun owners, although he supported some gun control measures. Regarding abortion, he was quoted as stating: "Now, as far as abortion is concerned, in my heart I'm a Christian. I'm against it. But we're livin' in a country where the majority rule and I'm not, as a talk show host, overturning Roe v. Wade."

In the 2016 presidential election, Schultz endorsed U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States.

Personal life and death
Schultz was married twice, first to Maureen Zimmerman, in a marriage that ended in divorce, and then to Wendy Noack in 1998. He had a son and five stepchildren.

Schultz died of natural causes at his home in Washington on July 5, 2018, aged 64. He had a history of heart problems.

Bibliography
 Straight Talk from the Heartland: Tough Talk, Common Sense, and Hope from a Former Conservative (2004);
 Killer Politics: How Big Money and Bad Politics Are Destroying the Great American Middle Class (2010);

See also
 Progressive talk radio

Notes

References

External links

 The Ed Schultz Show at wegoted.com (radio)
 The Ed Show'' on MSNBC

1954 births
2018 deaths
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American male non-fiction writers
American players of Canadian football
American podcasters
American political commentators
American radio sports announcers
American talk radio hosts
American television talk show hosts
Canadian football quarterbacks
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
American LGBT rights activists
MSNBC people
Minnesota State–Moorhead Dragons football players
Minnesota State University Moorhead alumni
New York (state) Democrats
North Dakota Democrats
North Dakota State Bison basketball
North Dakota State Bison football
People from Detroit Lakes, Minnesota
People from Norfolk, Virginia
Progressive talk radio
North Dakota Fighting Hawks football
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players
RT (TV network) people

Ed Schultz


أبو الفضل أحمد بن أبي طاهر الماروزي الكاتب الملقب بإبن طيفور، وهو مؤرخ وأديب وجغرافي مسلم (819م-893م) (204 هـ - 280 هـ)، ولد في بغداد في عائلة يرجع نسبها إلى ملوك خراسان، ولهُ تصانيف كثيرة في السفر والرحلات وأخبار الشعراء، ويعزى إلى ابن طيفور أول مؤلف تاريخي عن بغداد وهو (تاريخ بغداد)، أو (كتاب بغداد) الذي لم ينتقل الينا منه غير الجزء السادس، ولكنه كان من مصادر الطبري الأساسية. ويهتم كتاب ابن طيفور اهتماما خاصا بعصر المأمون، فيفيض فيه ويبحث في المسائل الإدارية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية للبلاد في ذلك العصر.

من مؤلفات الكاتب أيضا كتاب (بلاغات النساء)، وهو كتاب لبلاغات النساء وجواباتهن وطرائف كلامهن وملح نوادرهن وأخبار ذوات الرأي منهن على حسب ما بلغتهُ الطاقة واقتضتهُ الرواية واقتصرت عليهِ النهاية مع ما جمع من أشعارهنّ في كل فن.

مراجع

أشخاص من بغداد
إيرانيون في القرن 9
شعراء اللغة الفارسية
شعراء بغداديون
شعراء وشاعرات إيرانيون
عراقيون من أصل فارسي
لغويون إيرانيون
مسلمون عراقيون
مواليد 204 هـ
مواليد 819
مؤرخون عراقيون
وفيات 280 هـ
وفيات 893

ابن طيفور


Metal Commando  trinaesti je studijski album njemačkog power metal sastava Primal Fear. Album je objavljen 24. srpnja 2020. godine, a objavila ga je diskografska kuća Nuclear Blast.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje
Primal Fear
Mat Sinner – bas-gitara, vokali, produciranje
Tom Naumann – gitara
Ralf Scheepers – vokali, prateći vokali
Magnus Karlsson – gitara, klavijature
Alex Beyrodt – gitara
Michael Ehré – bubnjevi
Ostalo osoblje
Jacob Hansen – miksanje, snimanje, mastering
Stephan Lohrmann – omot albuma
Heilemania – dizajn

Izvori

Albumi sastava Primal Fear
Albumi iz 2020.

Metal Commando


La fusillade de Laguna Woods est une fusillade de masse s'étant déroulée le  dans une église presbytérienne de la ville de Laguna Woods. Un homme armé est rentré dans l'église et a abattu une personne et blessé cinq personnes, dont quatre gravement, avant d'être maîtrisé par des fidèles de l'église.

Les faits
Vers 13h26 (PDT), le suspect est entré dans l'église Geneva Presbyterian Church et a ouvert le feu, prenant d'assaut les quelques trente personnes réunies à un dîner après l'office du matin. Après une première salve de balles, un groupe de fidèles s'est saisi du suspect et l'a attaché en  avec un câble électrique avant que ce dernier ne puisse recharger son arme.

Suspect et victimes
Le suspect est un homme d'origine taïwanaise âgé d'une soixantaine d'années. Il possédait deux armes sur lui lorsque détenu. Selon la police locale et les fidèles, il n'était jamais venu à l'église à Laguna Woods et ne venait pas de la ville. Le tireur serait plutôt originaire de Las Vegas et le motif de son crime est inconnu, mais était probablement la haine.

Les victimes sont majoritairement d'origine taïwanaise, la ville étant peuplée à grande partie de retraités et d'Asiatiques. La victime décédée a été retrouvée directement à l'intérieur de l'église et quatre personnes ont été emmenées à l'hôpital dans un état critique. Une cinquième personne a subi des traitements pour des blessures mineures.

Références

Laguna Woods
Mai 2022 aux États-Unis
2022 en Californie
Comté d'Orange (Californie)

Fusillade de Laguna Woods


Sagen von Artemis ist eine Erzählung von Anna Seghers, die 1937 entstand und 1938 im September-Heft der von Johannes R. Becher herausgegebenen Zeitschrift "Internationale Literatur" in Moskau erschien. Obwohl Artemis fünf Jägern überwiegend mit kalter Strenge begegnet, kann sich keiner der passionierten Waidmänner dem verführerischen Reiz der schönen, ewig jung bleibenden Göttin entziehen. Um Artemis ein einziges Mal zu erblicken, nehmen diese Enthusiasten alles, sogar den Tod, in Kauf.

Inhalt
Mitten im nächtlich-finstern Wald in einer Schenke vorm offenen Feuer erzählen der alte Jäger, der kleine Jäger mit dem rostfleckigen Haar, der jüngste Jäger und der Einäugige von ihrer Begegnung mit der Göttin. Der fünfte – das ist ein hübscher, selbstsicherer, etwa vierzig Jahre alter Jäger – gibt, außer ein paar Einwürfen, keinen eigenen Beitrag.

Neben dem Wirt und der Wirtin ist noch die neue Magd, ein junges Mädchen, anwesend. Gegen Ende der Erzählung schickt der Wirt die junge Magd hinaus zum Wasser holen. Sie kehrt vom Brunnen nicht zurück. An ihrer Stelle erscheint die richtige neue Magd, eine ältere Frau, mit dem vollen Wassereimer und hängt ihn als erste "Amtshandlung" übers Feuer. Die Göttin hatte sich zum Wassertragen erst bequemt, nachdem sie vom Wirt angeherrscht worden war.
 Der alte Jäger erzählt
"Auf graden Schultern den schmalen, zarten Hals, in ihrem Gesicht die Ruhe vollkommener, unverletzbarer Sicherheit." So hatte der Alte die Göttin nach Jahrzehnten vergeblicher Suche gesehen. Er kann nicht fassen, dass ein Knabe in seiner Begleitung auf Anhieb die Bekanntschaft der Artemis machen durfte. Obendrein hatte die Göttin den Jungen noch angesprochen; ihn mit Fragen zu Erwiderungen ermutigt. Am selben Tag war der Knabe, für dessen Sicherheit der Alte verantwortlich gewesen war, der Artemis gefolgt, in die Wildbahn getreten und vom alten Jäger versehentlich erschossen worden. Der daheimgebliebene Vater des Toten hatte das Unglück als Fügung hingenommen. Der Todesschütze war verstummt.
 Der kleine Jäger erzählt
Bei einem Fest unter Bauern verschiedener Dörfer war der kleine Jäger von einem ihm unbekannten Mädchen zu einem Wettlauf bis zum Waldrand aufgefordert worden. Ihm war gleich aufgefallen, dass die Läuferin anders als die ihm bekannten heimischen Bauernmädchen gewesen war, doch er war ihr trotzdem gefolgt; natürlich vergeblich. Die Göttin war dem Läufer in den Wald entwischt.
 Der jüngste Jäger erzählt
Der Wächter einer ummauerten alten Stadt vernachlässigt seinen Dienst sträflich. Er wird über dem jahrelangen vergeblichen Werben um die Liebe einer jungen Wäscherin – das ist Artemis – alt und grau.
 Der einäugige Jäger erzählt
Nach langen Jahren verfehlten Lebens bricht der Einäugige aus und sucht, von Heimweh getrieben, wandernd das Tal seiner Kindheit. Dort angelangt, kann er die Heimat kaum wiedererkennen und schlummert unterwegs abends ermattet ein. Als er erwacht, steht ein Mädchen vor ihm. Nach kurzer Begrüßung und Betrachtung erkennt der Einäugige, das kann kein Mädchen seiner Heimat sein, sondern ein Wesen, das den Göttern nahesteht. In der Tat gibt sich Artemis als Göttin zu erkennen und fragt ihn, warum er weine. Er vertraut ihr seine Lebensgeschichte an. Artemis, mit hartem Gesichtsausdruck, lässt Larmoyanz nicht gelten. Als er zum Nachdenken über die anschließende drakonische göttliche Zurechtweisung kleinlaut die Augen schließt, entschwindet die Göttin.

Zitat
Sie [die Götter] kommen, wenn man sie vergißt.

Interpretation und Rezeption
Aus dem Kontext und aus dem pointierten Schluss geht hervor, Artemis war während des ganzen Abends in der Schenke dabei, doch offenbar hat sie keiner der fünf Jäger erkannt. Neugebauer weist auf eine Ausnahme hin. Der jüngste Jäger empfindet das Einzigartige der Situation: Artemis sitzt greifbar nahe mitten in der Runde. Darum – um die Göttin zu halten – erfindet er seine Geschichte.

Neugebauer fasst Wesentliches aus den Begegnungen der Jäger mit der Göttin zusammen. Das Verstummen und das Vergessen dominieren bei dem alten Jäger nach der Begegnung. Das einmalige Erlebnis hat er so tief internalisiert, dass er meint, er allein sei damals Artemis begegnet. Dabei war die anderen Jäger anwesend. Der kleine Jäger folgt der Göttin und verzichtet auf Hab, Gut und Braut. Der hübsche, selbstsichere Jäger lässt sich von einer Gottheit nicht verzaubern. Demzufolge geht das Wunder von Artemis' andauernder Präsenz in der Schenke an ihm vorüber. Der einäugige Jäger wird von der Göttin belehrt: Die Natur – in dem Fall der Wald – ist unverwüstlich. Wald geht selbst durch Kahlschlag nicht zugrunde.

In der ziemlich detaillierten letzten Geschichte, vom Einäugigen erzählt, sieht Hilzinger die Exilproblematik gespiegelt. Die Emigrantin Anna Seghers versuche, die Ereignisse in Deutschland innerlich zu verarbeiten.

Schrade weist den Gedanken weit von sich, in den Text, in dem es um eine Utopie, um ein Ideal gehe, die sonst bei Anna Seghers zumeist offen liegende "sozialgeschichtliche" Schreibabsicht hineinzuinterpretieren.

Der schmale Text handele von dem unverhofften kurzzeitigen Erlebnis des Außerordentlichen, Wunderbaren. Ohne großartige Distanz, Ironie, Ratio oder Psychologisiererei inkorporiere Anna Seghers die Göttin Artemis in ihr erzählerisches Abbild vom Menschen.

Mediale Adaption
1971 schuf Uta Feustel-Paech eine Ballettoper.

Literatur

Textausgaben

Ausgaben
Sagen von Artemis. S. 231–258 in: Anna Seghers: Erzählungen 1926–1944. Band IX der Gesammelten Werke in Einzelausgaben. 367 Seiten. Aufbau-Verlag Berlin 1981 (2. Aufl.), ohne ISBN (Verwendete Ausgabe)
Sagen von Artemis. S. 132–163 in Anna Seghers: Die schönsten Erzählungen. Ausgewählt von Christina Salmen. Mit einem Nachwort von Gunnar Decker (Jans muß sterben. Die Ziegler. Die schönsten Sagen vom Räuber Woynok. Sagen von Artemis. Das Obdach. Post ins Gelobte Land. Der Ausflug der toten Mädchen. Das Argonautenschiff. Der Führer). Aufbau Verlagsgruppe, Berlin 2008 (1. Aufl.), ISBN 978-3-351-03495-5

Sekundärliteratur
Heinz Neugebauer: Anna Seghers. Leben und Werk. Mit Abbildungen (Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeit: Irmgard Neugebauer, Redaktionsschluss 20. September 1977). 238 Seiten. Reihe "Schriftsteller der Gegenwart" (Hrsg. Kurt Böttcher). Volk und Wissen, Berlin 1980, ohne ISBN
Kurt Batt: Anna Seghers. Versuch über Entwicklung und Werke. Mit Abbildungen. 283 Seiten. Reclam, Leipzig 1973 (2. Aufl. 1980). Lizenzgeber: Röderberg, Frankfurt am Main (Röderberg-Taschenbuch Bd. 15), ISBN 3-87682-470-2
Andreas Schrade: Anna Seghers. Metzler, Stuttgart 1993 (Sammlung Metzler Bd. 275 (Autoren und Autorinnen)), ISBN 3-476-10275-0
Sonja Hilzinger: Anna Seghers. Mit 12 Abbildungen. Reihe Literaturstudium. Reclam, Stuttgart 2000, RUB 17623, ISBN 3-15-017623-9

Einzelnachweise

Werk von Anna Seghers
Literarisches Werk
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Literatur (Deutsch)
Erzählung
Mythologie in der Literatur
Rezeption der griechischen Mythologie
Artemis

Sagen von Artemis


Edílson José da Silva (født 8. december 1978) er en tidligere brasiliansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Avispa Fukuoka.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Brasilien

Edílson José da Silva


North Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern United States. All incorporated communities in North Dakota are considered cities, regardless of population; there are no towns, villages, or hamlets in the state. There are 356 municipalities.

Cities

See also
 North Dakota
 North Dakota statistical areas
 Founding dates of North Dakota incorporated cities
 List of census-designated places in North Dakota

References

North Dakota, List of cities in
Cities

List of cities in North Dakota


قائمة ببطولات ويمبلدون لسنة 1910:

فردي رجال

 أنتوني ويلدنغ هزم  أرثر جور. النتيجة: 6-4 7-5 4-6 6-2

فردي سيدات

 دوروثيا لامبرت شامبرس هزمت  دورا بوثبي. النتيجة: 6-2, 6-2

مراجع

أحداث 1910 الرياضية في لندن
أحداث يونيو 1910 الرياضية
كرة المضرب في 1910

بطولة ويمبلدون 1910


Yakubu Dan-Yumma "Jack" Gowon   (born 19 October 1934) is a retired Nigerian army general and military leader. As head of state of Nigeria, Gowon presided over a controversial Nigerian Civil War and delivered the famous "no victor, no vanquished" speech at the war's end to promote healing and reconciliation. The Nigerian Civil War is listed as one of the deadliest in modern history, with some accusing Gowon of crimes against humanity and genocide. Gowon maintains that he committed no wrongdoing during the war and that his leadership saved the country.

An Anglican Christian from a minority Ngas family of Northern Nigeria, Gowon is a Nigerian nationalist, and a believer in the unity and oneness of Nigeria. Gowon's rise to power followed the July 1966 counter-coup and cemented military rule in Nigeria. Consequently, Gowon served for the longest continuous period as head of state of Nigeria, ruling for almost nine years until his overthrow in the coup d'état of 1975 by Brigadier Murtala Mohammed.

Early life
Gowon is a Ngas (Angas) from Lur, a small village in the present Kanke Local Government Area of Plateau State. His parents, Nde Yohanna and Matwok Kurnyang left for Wusasa, Zaria as Church Missionary Society (CMS) missionaries in the early days of Gowon's life. His father took pride in the fact that he married on 26 April 1923, the same day as the wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (later King George VI and Queen [Mother] Elizabeth). Gowon was the fifth of eleven children. He grew up in Zaria and had his early life and education there. At school, Gowon proved to be a very good athlete: he was the school football goalkeeper, pole vaulter, and long-distance runner. He broke the school mile record in his first year. He was also the boxing captain.

Early career
Gowon joined the Nigerian Army in 1954, and received his commission as a second lieutenant on 19 October 1955, his 21st birthday. He was trained in the prestigious Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, UK (1955–56), Staff College, Camberley, UK (1962) as well as the Joint Staff College, Latimer, 1965. He saw action in the Congo as part of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force, both in 1960–61 and in 1963. He advanced to battalion commander rank by 1966, at which time he was still a lieutenant colonel.

1966 coup

In January 1966, he became Nigeria's youngest military chief of staff at the age of 31, because a military coup d'état by a group of junior officers under Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu led to the overthrow of Nigeria's civilian government. In the course of this coup, mostly northern and western leaders were killed, including Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Nigeria's Prime Minister; Sir Ahmadu Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto and Premier of the Northern Region; and Samuel Akintola, Premier of the Western Region, Lt Col Arthur Unegbe and so many more. The then Lieutenant Colonel Gowon returned from his course at the Joint Staff College, Latimer UK two days before the coup – a late arrival that possibly exempted him from the plotters' hit list. The subsequent failure by Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi (who was the head of state following the January 1966 coup-with Gowon his Chief of Staff) to meet Northern demands for the prosecution of the coup plotters further inflamed Northern anger. There was significant support for the coup plotters from both the Eastern Region as well as the mostly left-wing "Lagos-Ibadan" press.

July counter coup

Then came Aguyi Ironsi's Decree Number 34, which proposed the abolition of the federal system of government in favor of a unitary state, a position which had long been championed by some Southerners-especially by a major section of the Igbo-dominated National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroon (NCNC) This was perhaps wrongly interpreted by Northerners as a Southern (particularly Igbo) attempt at a takeover of all levers of power in the country. The North lagged badly behind the Western and Eastern regions in terms of education (partially due to Islamic doctrine-informed resistance to western cultural and social ethos), while the mostly-Igbo Easterners were already present in the federal civil service.

The original intention of Murtala Mohammed and his fellow coup-plotters seems to have been to engineer the secession of the Northern region from Nigeria as a whole, but they were subsequently dissuaded of their plans by several advisors, amongst which included a number of high-ranking civil servants and judges, and importantly emissaries of the British and American governments who had interests in the Nigerian polity. The young officers then decided to name Lieutenant Colonel Gowon, who apparently had not been actively involved in events until that point, as Nigerian Head of State. On ascent to power Gowon reversed Ironsi's abrogation of the federal principle.

Head of state
In 1966, Gowon was chosen to become head of state. Up until then, Gowon remained strictly a career soldier with no involvement whatsoever in politics, until the tumultuous events of the year suddenly thrust him into a leadership role, when his unusual background as a Northerner who was neither of Hausa nor Fulani ancestry nor of the Islamic faith made him a particularly safe choice to lead a nation whose population was seething with ethnic tension.

Gowon promoted himself twice as Nigerian Head of State. Gowon was a Lt. Colonel upon his ascendancy to the top of the new Federal military government of Nigeria on August 1, 1966 however other senior military officers such as Commodore Joseph Wey, Brigadier Babafemi Ogundipe, and Colonel Robert Adebayo were a part of the government and their military seniority to Gowon was awkward. To stabilize his position as Head of State, Gowon promoted himself to Major-General just before the start of the civil war hostilities in 1967 and to full General at the end of the civil war in 1970.

Civil war leader
In anticipation of eastern secession, Gowon moved quickly to weaken the support base of the region by decreeing the creation of twelve new states to replace the four regions. Six of these states contained minority groups that had demanded state creation since the 1950s. Gowon rightly calculated that the eastern minorities would not actively support the Igbos, given the prospect of having their own states if the secession effort were defeated. Many of the federal troops who fought in the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, to bring the Eastern Region back to the federation, were members of minority groups.

The war lasted thirty months and ended in January 1970. In accepting Biafra's unconditional cease-fire, Gowon declared that there would be no victor and no vanquished. In this spirit, the years afterward were declared to be a period of rehabilitation, reconstruction, and reconciliation. The oil-price boom, which began as a result of the high price of crude oil (the country's major revenue earner) in the world market in 1973, increased the federal government's ability to undertake these tasks.

There arose tension between the Eastern Region and the northern controlled federal government led by Gowon. On 4–5 January 1967, in line with Ojukwu's demand to meet for talks only on neutral soil, a summit attended by Gowon, Ojukwu and other members of the Supreme Military Council was held at Aburi in Ghana, the stated purpose of which was to resolve all outstanding conflicts and establish Nigeria as a confederation of regions. The outcome of this summit was the Aburi Accord. The Aburi Accord did not see the light of the day, as the Gowon led government had huge consideration for the possible revenues, especially oil revenues which were expected to increase given that reserves having been discovered in the area in the mid-1960s. It has been said without confirmation that both Gowon and Ojukwu had knowledge of the huge oil reserves in the Niger Delta area, which today has grown to be the mainstay of the Nigerian economy.

In a move to check the influence of Ojukwu's government in the East, Gowon announced on 5 May 1967 the division of the 3 Nigerian regions into 12 states: North-Western State, North-Eastern state, Kano State, North-Central State, Benue-Plateau State, Kwara State, Western State, Lagos State, Mid-Western State, and, from Ojukwu's Eastern Region, a Rivers State, a South-Eastern State, and an East-Central State. The non-Igbo South-Eastern and Rivers states which had the oil reserves and access to the sea, were carved out to isolate the Igbo areas as East-Central state. One controversial aspect of this move was Gowon's annexing of Port Harcourt, a large city in the Niger Delta, in the South of Nigeria (the Ikwerres and Ijaws), sitting on some of Nigeria's largest reserves, into the new Rivers State, emasculating the migrant Igbo population of traders there. The flight of many of them back to their villages in the "Igbo heartland" in Eastern Nigeria where they felt safer was alleged to be a contradiction for Gowon's "no victor, no vanquished" policy, when at the end of the war, the properties they left behind were claimed by the Rivers State indigenes.

Towards the end of July 1967, Nigerian federal troops and marines captured Bonny Island in the Niger Delta, thereby taking control of vital Shell-BP facilities. Operations began again in May 1968, when Nigeria captured Port Harcourt. Its facilities had been damaged and needed repair. Oil production and export continued, but at a lower level. The completion in 1969 of a new terminal at Forçados brought production up from 142,000 barrels/day in 1958 to 540,000 barrels/day in 1969. In 1970, this figure doubled to 1.08 million barrels/day.

Minority ethnicities of the Eastern Region were rather not sanguine about the prospect of secession, as it would mean living in what they felt would be an Igbo-dominated nation. Some non-Igbos living in the Eastern Region either refrained from offering active support to the Biafran struggle, or actively aided the federal side by enlisting in the Nigerian army and feeding it intelligence about Biafran military activities. However, some did play active roles in the Biafran government, with N.U. Akpan serving as Secretary to the Government, Lt. Col (later Major-General) Philip Effiong, serving as Biafra's Chief of Defence Staff and others like Chiefs Bassey and Graham-Douglas serving in other significant roles.

On 30 May 1967, Ojukwu responded to Gowon's announcement by declaring the formal secession of the Eastern Region, which was now to be known as the Republic of Biafra. This was to trigger a war that would last some 30 months, and see the deaths of more than 100,000 soldiers and over a million civilians, most of the latter of which would perish of starvation under a Nigeria-imposed blockade. The war saw a massive expansion of the Nigerian army in size and a steep increase in its doctrinal and technical sophistication, while the Nigerian Air Force was essentially born in the course of the conflict. However, significant controversy has surrounded the air operations of the Nigerian Forces, as several residents of Biafra, including Red Cross workers, foreign missionaries and journalists, accused the Nigerian Air Force of specifically targeting civilian populations, relief centers and marketplaces. Gowon has steadfastly denied those claims, along with claims that his army committed atrocities such as rape, wholesale executions of civilian populations and extensive looting in occupied areas; however, one of his wartime commanders, Benjamin Adekunle seems to give some credence to these claims in his book, while excusing them as unfortunate by-products of war.

"No victor, no vanquished"
The end of the war came about on 13 January 1970, with Colonel Olusegun Obasanjo's acceptance of the surrender of Biafran forces. The next day Obasanjo announced the situation on the former rebel radio station Radio Biafra Enugu. Gowon subsequently declared his famous "no victor, no vanquished" speech, and followed it up with an amnesty for the majority of those who had participated in the Biafran uprising, as well as a program of "Reconciliation, Reconstruction, and Rehabilitation", to repair the extensive damage done to the economy and infrastructure of the Eastern Region during the years of war. Some of these efforts never left the drawing board.  In addition to this, Gen. Gowon's administration's policy of giving 20 pounds to Biafrans who had a bank account in Nigeria before the war, regardless of how much money had been in their account, was criticised by foreign and local aid workers, as this led to an unprecedented scale of begging, looting and robbery in the former Biafran areas after the war.

Another decision made by Gowon at the height of the oil boom was to have what some considered negative repercussions for the Nigerian economy in later years, although its immediate effects were scarcely noticeable – his indigenization decree of 1972, which declared many sectors of the Nigerian economy off-limits to all foreign investment, while ruling out more than minority participation by foreigners in several other areas. This decree provided windfall gains to several well-connected Nigerians but proved highly detrimental to non-oil investment in the Nigerian economy.

The post-civil-war years saw Nigeria enjoying a meteoric, oil-fuelled, economic upturn in the course of which the scope of activity of the Nigerian federal government grew to an unprecedented degree, with increased earnings from oil revenues. However, this period also saw a rapid increase in corruption, mostly bribery, of and by federal government officials; and although the head of State himself, Gen. Gowon, was never found complicit in the corrupt practices, he was often accused of turning a blind eye to the activities of his staff and cronies.

On 1 October 1974, in flagrant contradiction to his earlier promises, Gowon declared that Nigeria would not be ready for civilian rule by 1976, and he announced that the handover date would be postponed indefinitely. Furthermore, because of the growth in bureaucracy, there were allegations of rise in corruption.  Increased wealth in the country resulted in fake import licenses being issued.  There were stories of tons of stones and sand being imported into the country, and of General Gowon himself saying to a foreign reporter that "the only problem Nigeria has is how to spend the money she has."

The cement armada affair
The corruption in Gowon's administration culminated in the notorious "cement armada" affair in the summer of 1975, when the port of Lagos became jammed with hundreds of ships trying to unload cement.  Somehow, agents of the Nigerian government had signed contracts with 68 different international suppliers for the delivery of a total of 20 million tons of cement in one year to Lagos, even though its port could only accept one million tons of cargo per year. Even worse, the poorly drafted cement contracts included demurrage clauses highly favorable to the suppliers, meaning that the bill began to skyrocket if the ships sat in port waiting to unload (or even if they sat in their home ports waiting for permission to depart for Nigeria).  The Nigerian government did not fully grasp the magnitude of its mistake until the port of Lagos was so badly jammed that basic supplies could not get through.  By that time it was too late.  Its attempts to repudiate the cement contracts and impose an emergency embargo on all inbound shipping tied up the country in litigation around the world for many years, including a 1983 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court.

Overthrow

These scandals provoked serious discontent within the army. On 29 July 1975, while Gowon was attending an OAU summit in Kampala, a group of officers led by Colonel Joe Nanven Garba announced his overthrow. The coup plotters appointed Brigadier Murtala Muhammed as head of the new government, and Brigadier Olusegun Obasanjo as his deputy.

Years in exile
Gowon subsequently went into exile in the United Kingdom, where he acquired a Ph.D. in political science as a student at the University of Warwick. His main British residence is on the border of north London and Hertfordshire, where he has very much become part of the English community in his area. He served a term as Churchwarden in his parish church, St Mary the Virgin, Monken Hadley.

Murtala's assassination

In February 1976, Gen. Murtala Mohammed was assassinated in an unsuccessful coup d'état led by Lt. Col Buka Suka Dimka, who implicated Gowon. According to Dimka's "confession", he met with Gowon in London and obtained support from him for the coup. In addition, Dimka mentioned before his execution that the purpose of the coup d'état was to re-install Gowon as head of state. As a result of the coup tribunal findings, Gowon was declared wanted by the Nigerian government, stripped of his rank in absentia, and had his pension cut off.

Gen. Gowon was finally pardoned (along with the ex-Biafran president, Emeka Ojukwu) during the Second Republic under President Shehu Shagari. Gowon's rank (of general) wasn't restored until 1987 however by General Ibrahim Babangida.

Later life
After earning his doctorate at the University of Warwick, Gowon became a professor of political science at the University of Jos in the mid-1980s. Gowon founded his own organization in 1992 called the Yakubu Gowon Centre. The organization is said to work on issues in Nigeria such as good governance as well as infectious disease control including HIV/AIDS, guinea worm, and malaria. Furthermore, Gen. Gowon is also involved in the Guinea Worm Eradication Programme as well as the HIV Programme with Global Fund of Geneva.

In November 2020, MP Tom Tugendhat, while speaking against the Nigerian government's repression of the 2020 #EndSARS mass protests, accused Gowon of looting "half of the Central Bank of Nigeria" after his overthrow in the coup d'etat of 1975. The statement, the first-ever attempt to link Gowon with corruption, was faced with considerable backlash within Nigeria, with Bishop Matthew Kukah writing in the national major Daily Trust describing the seemingly ridiculous comment as "It is difficult to understand how a Member of the revered British Parliament worth his salt, could have left himself open to ridicule by leveling the unfounded, irrational and bizarre allegations of corruption against General Yakubu Gowon, our former Head of State and to the hilt, the nation's poster face of probity in public life." Following an official demand for an apology by the Nigerian government, the Foreign Office later disassociated itself from the comment stating that, "the said comment of the MP does not reflect the views of Her Majesty's Government and the British Government has no mechanism for controlling the actions and speeches of members of the Parliament.

Personal life
Gowon married Miss Victoria Zakari, a trained nurse in 1969 at a ceremony officiated by Seth Irunsewe Kale at the Cathedral Church of Christ, Lagos.

See also

Nigerian Civil War
Nigerian military juntas of 1966–79 and 1983–99

References

External links
General Yakubu Gowon is told that he has been overthrown, July 29th 1975
Gen. Gowon Speech Open's Emergency OAU Meeting After Portugal's Invasion of Guinea, December 1970
Major General Yakubu Gowon interviewed after Biafra's Capitulation, January 1970
Gowon, Obasanjo, Shonekan, Ekwueme, Osinbajo form choir

1934 births
Living people
People from Plateau State
Heads of state of Nigeria
Alumni of the University of Warwick
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
Leaders ousted by a coup
Leaders who took power by coup
Nigerian generals
Nigerian Army officers
Nigerian Christians
Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
People convicted in absentia
Recipients of Nigerian presidential pardons
Military personnel of the Nigerian Civil War
20th-century Nigerian politicians
Chiefs of Army Staff (Nigeria)
Genocide perpetrators
Academic staff of the University of Jos
Defence ministers of Nigeria

Yakubu Gowon


La troisième saison de Mask Singer, émission de télévision française présentant une compétition de chant de type télé-crochet, est diffusée sur TF1 du  au .

Animée par Camille Combal et produite par la société de production Hervé Hubert Productions, cette troisième saison est remportée par la danseuse bulgare Denitsa Ikonomova.

Nouveautés
Deux autres célébrités sont invitées et, après avoir fait une prestation sous un costume, sont conviées à rejoindre le jury d'enquêteurs le temps d'un épisode.

Les costumes et les mises en scènes dévoilent des indices sur les participants.

Une compétition subsidiaire a lieu entre les 4 enquêteurs titulaires et le présentateur Camille Combal : celui qui aura deviné le plus de célébrités au terme de la saison, remportera le trophée de l'oreille d'or.

Cette saison deux vedettes internationales sont présentes et qui, comme la saison précédente, se produiront une fois chacune durant la saison, avant d'être démasquées.

Participants

Présentateur
Cette édition, comme les deux précédentes, est présentée par Camille Combal.

Enquêteurs
Le jury d'enquêteurs de cette troisième saison reste inchangé : Kev Adams, humoriste, acteur ; Alessandra Sublet, animatrice de télévision ; Anggun, chanteuse ; Jarry, humoriste.

Deux enquêteurs surprise se sont joints aux autres enquêteurs après avoir fait une prestation, masqués eux-aussi, le temps d'une soirée : Anne Roumanoff sous un masque de gorille () et Kendji Girac sous un masque de loup ().

Participants

Bilan par épisode

 Légende

Résumés détaillés

, le
Dans ce premier épisode, les onze personnalités s'affrontent.

Une première salve de duels voit s'affronter la banane et le cosmonaute, le bernard-l'hermite et le cerf, puis le caméléon et le croco. À l'issue de cette dernière, le cosmonaute, le cerf et le croco sont qualifiés, tandis que la banane, le bernard-l'hermite et le caméléon se retrouvent en ballottage. Le bernard-l'hermite est le premier éliminé, et révèle le nageur multi-médaillé olympique Alain Bernard sous le masque.

Ensuite, la seconde salve a lieu, voyant s'affronter l'arbre et le cochon. Via le compte Mask Singer TF1 sur Twitter, il est annoncé qu'un candidat s'est blessé et qu'il ne chantera donc pas dans cet épisode ; une battle à trois commence alors entre le poisson-corail, le papillon et la tigresse qui est sauvée par le public et le jury. Le cochon et le poisson-corail se retrouvent en ballottage. Après vote du jury et du public, le poisson-corail est éliminé et doit donc se démasquer. Il s'agit de Maud Fontenoy, navigatrice et femme politique, qui se trouvait sous ce costume ; Elle fut correctement identifiée par Alessandra Sublet qui remporte ainsi son premier point pour loreille dor.

, le 8 avril 2022
Une « star internationale » participe à cette deuxième soirée, sous le costume de la coccinelle. Après avoir interprété Feeling Good de Nina Simone, la coccinelle est invitée à enlever son masque, révélant l'actrice américaine Teri Hatcher, connue principalement pour ses rôles de Lois Lane dans la série Loïs et Clark, celui de la James Bond girl Paris Carver dans le film Demain ne meurt jamais et celui de Susan Mayer dans la série Desperate Housewives.

Toujours via le compte Mask Singer TF1 sur Twitter, il est annoncé que le candidat s'étant blessé ne chantera pas dans cet épisode.

L'arbre affronte la tigresse, le cochon affronte la banane, le cosmonaute affronte le cerf et un face à face à trois opposent le croco, le papillon et le caméléon. Le papillon, le cochon, le cerf et la tigresse sont envoyés en ballotage. À l'issue d'un deuxième vote, la tigresse est éliminée et doit se démasquer : c'est l'imitateur Marc-Antoine Le Bret que le public découvre sous ce masque.

, le 15 avril 2022
Pour ce troisième épisode, les huit candidats encore en lice s'affrontent ; Le  ayant dû abandonner la compétition en raison d'une blessure.

La première salve voit s'affronter le cerf et le cochon, puis la banane et le cosmonaute. À l'issue de cette dernière, le cerf et la banane sont qualifiés, le cochon est repêché, et le cosmonaute est éliminé. Le public découvre Pierre Palmade dans ce costume ; Correctement identifié par Camille Combal et Jarry, l'humoriste du sketch du Scrabble offre aux deux enquêteurs leur premier point respectif pour loreille dor.

Suit la seconde salve, qui voit s'affronter le caméléon et l'arbre d'une part puis le papillon et le croco d'autre part. L'arbre et le croco sont qualifiés, tandis que le ballottage repêche le papillon. Le caméléon, éliminé, se rend dans la salle dédiée en coulisses et se démaque, puis se retourne : le public découvre à l'écran Miss France 2002, et désormais directrice de la société Miss France : Sylvie Tellier.

, le 22 avril 2022
Pour ce quatrième épisode, les six candidats encore en lice s'affrontent.

Afin d'aider les quatre enquêteurs titulaires, un invité déguisé en gorille dévoile un indice sur lui puis interprète la chanson Banana Split, de Lio, après quoi il donne une vérité et un mensonge sur lui avant d'être démasqué. Sous le costume se trouvait l'humoriste Anne Roumanoff, qui par la suite rejoint le banc des enquêteurs.

Arrivèrent ensuite les trois duels qui voient s'affronter le cerf et le papillon, la banane et le croco, puis le cochon et l'arbre. À l'issue de ces duels, le cerf, le croco et le cochon se retrouvent en ballottage, puis le cochon est éliminé. Également à la surprise générale, c'est le chef cuisinier français Yves Camdeborde qui se trouvait en dessous.

, le 29 avril 2022, les quarts de finale
Pour ce cinquième épisode, les cinq candidats encore en lice ouvrent l'émission en chantant Ça (c'est vraiment toi) de Téléphone.

Une deuxième vedette internationale participe à cette deuxième soirée, sous le costume du cow-boy. Après avoir interprété With or Without You d'U2, le cow-boy est invité à enlever son masque. Sous ce costume se cachait Seal, auteur-compositeur-interprète britannique, qui participe ainsi à sa seconde édition du concours après avoir été un concurrent régulier aux États-Unis, sous le costume d'un léopard.

Un premier face à face à trois opposent la banane, le cerf et le croco, puis un face à face se déroule entre l'arbre et le papillon. Le croco et l'arbre sont envoyés en ballotages. À l'issue d'un deuxième vote, le croco est éliminé et doit se démasquer : c'est à nouveau Marc-Antoine Le Bret que le public retrouve sous ce costume ; il avait été correctement identifié par Camille Combal qui remporte ainsi son deuxième point pour loreille dor.

, le 6 mai 2022, la demi-finale
Le sixième épisode voit s'affronter les quatre candidats encore en lice. Aucun des candidats n'évite la compétition ce soir.

Afin d'aider les quatre enquêteurs, un invité déguisé en loup dévoile une information sur lui avec sa vraie voix et un indice sur lui puis interprète la chanson Pauvres Diables, de Julio Iglesias. Sous le costume se trouvait le chanteur Kendji Girac.

Pour cet épisode, les enquêteurs donnent un mot à chaque candidat encore en lice afin de l'entendre le répéter avec sa vraie voix.

Un premier face à face oppose le papillon et le cerf, puis la banane affronte l'arbre. Le cerf et l'arbre sont en ballotage. À l'issue d'un deuxième vote, l'arbre est éliminé et doit se démasquer : c'est Gilbert Montagné qui était sous ce costume ; correctement identifié par les quatre enquêteurs et Camille Combal.

, le 13 mai 2022, la finale
Les trois finalistes sont le cerf, la banane et le papillon. Pour la première partie de l'émission, chacun chante en duo avec un candidat de la saison 2, respectivement : le cerf avec le manchot (Larusso), la banane avec le robot (Daniel Lévi) et le papillon avec l'araignée (Karine Ferri). Ce passage-ci n'est pas éliminatoire.

Ensuite ont lieu le premier duel de la soirée et la révélation des derniers indices sur les personnalités. À l'issue du premier duel, le cerf est éliminé et donc démasqué : C'est l'acteur Laurent Ournac, correctement identifié par Kev Adams et Camille Combal qui se trouvait sous ce costume ; il termine ainsi troisième de la compétition.

Après cette élimination, les deux candidats encore en lice chantent une dernière chanson, puis le panel vote pour désigner le vainqueur : Le papillon remporte la compétition.

La banane, qui termine en deuxième position, révèle Miss France 2008, la désormais comédienne Valérie Bègue ; et sous celui du papillon, la danseuse et chorégraphe bulgare Denitsa Ikonomova. Cette dernière remporte la compétition et le trophée de Mask Singer. Le papillon a été correctement identifié par Camille Combal qui remporte ainsi le trophée de l'oreille d'or contre les enquêteurs.

Audiences et diffusion

Mask Singer
En France, l'émission est diffusée les vendredis, depuis le . Un épisode dure environ  (publicités incluses), soit une diffusion de  à .

Légende :

Mask Singer, l'enquête continue
En France, chaque épisode est suivi de Mask Singer, l'enquête continue, émission qui dure environ  (publicités incluses), soit une diffusion de  à .

Légende :

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Saison de Mask Singer
2022 à la télévision en France

Saison 3 de Mask Singer


Alecko Eskandarian (born July 9, 1982) is a retired Armenian American soccer player. He is the son of Andranik Eskandrian, a former player of the Iranian national team and the Esteghlal team. He is a former assistant coach for New York Cosmos and head coach for their reserve team, New York Cosmos B.

Career

High School and College
While at Bergen Catholic High School, Eskandarian won the 1999-00 Gatorade National High School Athlete of the Year Award. He was also named a NSCAA/Adidas All-American and New Jersey State Player of the Year after leading the state of New Jersey in scoring with 66 goals and 15 assists through 25 games during his senior year. He finished his high school career with 154 career goals, the most in Bergen County history and the third most in New Jersey high school history.

Prior to playing as a professional, he played three years of soccer for the University of Virginia where he was named the best player in college soccer and awarded the Hermann Trophy in 2002 after scoring 25 goals (a school record) and 4 assists for the Cavaliers. He played three standout seasons at the University of Virginia and established himself as one of the all-time greats at the school. He finished his Cavaliers career with 50 goals (including 15 game winners), 113 points, and 13 assists in 60 games, before foregoing his senior year to go pro. During his 3 seasons at UVA, Eskandarian was a 3-time All-American, 1st Team All-ACC, ACC Rookie of the Year in 2000, and was also named ACC Player of the Year and Soccer America's College Player of the Year in 2002. Eskandarian returned to the University during the 2010 season to finish his degree and take an assistant coaching job with the team.

Professional
Eskandarian played his first four MLS seasons for D.C. United, who drafted him #1 overall in the 2003 MLS Superdraft.  During his first season he recorded three goals and two assists in 23 games. In the 2004 season, after the replacement of coach Ray Hudson with Peter Nowak, Eskandarian saw significantly more playing time. In his sophomore campaign, Eskandarian led D.C. United in goal scoring with ten in the regular season and added two assists, while scoring 4 more goals in the playoffs as DC United won the 2004 MLS Cup. His strong play also earned him the D.C. United Coaches Award for 2004 and his first spot on the MLS All-Star team.

On November 14, 2004, Eskandarian played in his first MLS Cup game. He helped D.C. United defeat the Kansas City Wizards and win the championship by scoring two goals in the first half just four minutes apart — the fastest pair of goals in MLS Cup history — and was named the MLS Cup MVP. In 2005, Alecko's season ended early after suffering a concussion. After missing most of 2005 with post-concussion syndrome, Eskandarian wasted no time in making his mark on the 2006 season, scoring against New York in the season opener. In 22 games for D.C. United, Eskandarian recorded seven goals and two assists, including Goal of the Week honors on 5/13 for his tally against KC. His impressive return to form netted Eskandarian a Commissioner's Pick as an MLS All-Star, his second nod to the league's showcase event. On August 9, 2006, during the 2006 Summer Tour of Real Madrid, he scored DC United's only goal in a 1-1 draw with Real Madrid.

On December 22, 2006, Eskandarian was traded from D.C. United to Toronto FC for a partial allocation. On May 22, 2007, Eskandarian was traded from Toronto FC to Real Salt Lake in exchange for forward Jeff Cunningham.
Between Real Salt Lake and Toronto, Eskandarian played 23 games (starting all 23), scoring 2 goals and adding 3 assists, logging 1,913 minutes.

Chivas USA acquired Eskandarian from Real Salt Lake in exchange for salary cap allocation money. This move was announced on January 18, 2008, at the 2008 MLS SuperDraft.
In 2008, after missing much of the first half of the season due to surgery on a torn adductor, Eskandarian came on strong late in the year and finished the season tied for first on the team with five goals and two assists in just 8 starts. In a span between Aug 30 and Oct 4, he scored a goal against each of his three previous teams (RSL, Toronto, and DC).

Eskandarian was traded to city rivals Los Angeles Galaxy on July 1, 2009. Chivas USA received allocation money and a third round pick in the 2010 MLS SuperDraft in return. He scored in his debut for the Galaxy on July 4, 2009. The goal was a game winner as Los Angeles beat New England 1-0. Eskandarian scored again in a 3-1 win at New York on July 16, a goal which was nominated for MLS Goal of the Year. However, the 27-year-old was injured early in the second half of the Galaxy's 2-2 draw with AC Milan on July 19 when the ball was inadvertently cleared into his face, causing a concussion and broken nose.

Due to injury, Alecko was not medically cleared and has been sidelined indefinitely since March 2010. He was the assistant coach for the Virginia Cavaliers soccer club. On June 15, 2011, it was announced that Eskandarian had joined Philadelphia Union's technical staff as their youth technical director under the direction of the program's coach John Hackworth.

International
Eskandarian has played one game for the United States national team, against Wales on May 26, 2003.
He has also represented the United States at the U-17, U-20, and U-23 national teams. Eskandarian was leading scorer of the Olympic Qualifying tournament in Mexico in 2004 (4 goals), although the US team failed to qualify for the 2004 Olympics in Athens.

Coaching
On February 1, 2013, Eskandarian signed with the New York Cosmos as an assistant coach, joining the same club that he once watched his father, Iran defender Andranik Eskandarian play for when he was a child.

Eskandarian was part of head coach Giovanni Savarese's coaching staff during the team's historic 2013 relaunch season. During the 2013 season, Eskandarian helped lead the Cosmos to an undefeated record at home (W-D-L: 5-2-0) and the 2013 North American Soccer League Fall Season title with an overall record of 31 points from 14 games (W-D-L: 9-4-1). The Cosmos would cap the season with the NASL Soccer Bowl, where they defeated the Atlanta Silverbacks 1-0 to capture the club's sixth title of all-time.

Eskandarian led the Cosmos B squad to the National Premier Soccer League title on August 8, 2015, defeating Chattanooga FC, 3-2, in overtime. The game was played in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in front of a crowd of 18,227, the largest crowd ever in the United States to see an amateur soccer match.
Eskandarian finished his 1st season as a head coach with an undefeated record, as Cosmos B posted a 15-0-1 record in the 2015 NPSL season.

Post-coaching
After his five-year-long coaching career, Eskandarian began transitioning to front office work at Major League Soccer headquarters in New York City.

Personal life

Alecko is of Armenian-Iranian descent and is the son of former Iranian soccer player Andranik Eskandarian, who played soccer professionally for the New York Cosmos, and the Iranian national football team.

Eskandarian also appeared on an episode of Keeping Up with the Kardashians. During the episode, fellow Armenian-American Kim Kardashian was set up with him on a blind date.

Honors

Player

Major League Soccer MLS Cup Champion (1)  2004
Major League Soccer MLS Cup MVP (1)  2004
Major League Soccer MLS All Star (2)  2004, 2006
Major League Soccer Supporter's Shield (1)  2006

Head coach
National Premier Soccer League Champion (1)  2015Assistant coachNorth American Soccer League Soccer Bowl Champion (3) ''' 2013, 2015, 2016

References

External links

 New York Cosmos Profile

1982 births
Living people
American people of Armenian descent
American people of Iranian descent
American men's soccer players
Bergen Catholic High School alumni
Chivas USA players
D.C. United players
LA Galaxy players
People from Montvale, New Jersey
Soccer players from Bergen County, New Jersey
Real Salt Lake players
Toronto FC players
United States men's international soccer players
Virginia Cavaliers men's soccer players
Expatriate men's soccer players in Canada
Major League Soccer players
Major League Soccer All-Stars
Major League Soccer first-overall draft picks
United States men's youth international soccer players
United States men's under-20 international soccer players
United States men's under-23 international soccer players
D.C. United draft picks
Ethnic Armenian sportspeople
Men's association football forwards
Hermann Trophy men's winners
All-American college men's soccer players
Sportspeople of Iranian descent
American expatriate sportspeople in Canada
American expatriate men's soccer players
Philadelphia Union non-playing staff

Alecko Eskandarian


Koca Balkan Dağları ya da İngilizce'de yaygın olan kullanımıyla Balkan Dağları ( Stara Planina), Bulgaristan'ı kuzeybatıdan doğuya, ortasından bölen, 600 kilometre civarında bir dağ sırasıdır. En yüksek yeri Botev'dir (2.376 m). Ünlü Şipka Geçidi ve savaşları burada yapılmıştır.

Balkan Sıradağları (Kısaca Balkan), Güney Avrupa'da bulunan kıvrımlı sıradağlardır. Asıl tarak kısmı bugünkü Bulgaristan'dadır.

Dağın kapladığı bölgede doğa parkı olarak dört millî park kurulmuştur. Bunlar; Sinite Kamani, Balgarka, Wratschanski Balkan ve Stranina Planina'dır. Ayrıca bitkiler ve canlıların (flora ve faunanın) korunabilmesi için birçok doğal alan bulunmaktadır.

Etimoloji
Antik çağlarda Balkan Dağları "Hemus", Bulgarca, "XeMyc", Yunanca "Aimoç", Trakyaca, "Haimos" ve Latince "Haemus" olarak adlandırılmıştır.

Balkan kelimesi Türkçeden gelmektedir ve çok ağaçlı, çalı çırpılı veya çok ormanlı dağlar, bataklık anlamını taşımaktadır.

Bununla birlikte Türkmenistan'da, Büyük Balkan (Uly Balkan) olarak adlandırılmış bir sıradağ zinciri olup başkenti Balkanabat olan bir bölge (provins) de bulunmaktadır.

Coğrafya

Konum ve Bölümler
Balkan sıradağları 600 kilometre uzunluğunda olup, Balkan Yarımadası'nın kuzey kenarında doğu-batı yönünde aşağı Tuna Nehri'nin düzlemlerine doğru ilerlemektedir. Sıradağ Trakya arazisinin doğal kuzey sınırını teşkil etmektedir. Yuvarlatılmış dağlık görünümü ile bu sıradağ güneye doğru dik olarak alçalır ve birçok geçitlere sahiptir, bu geçitlerden en önemli olanları Şipka Geçiti ile Devlet (Republik) Geçiti'dir. Ayrıca birçok yarma vadiler tarafından kesilir, bu vadilerden en kayda değer olanı Iskar Vadisi'dir. En yüksek tepesi 2376 metredir.

Dağlık alan batıdan doğuya doğru üç bölüme ayrılır: Batı Balkan, Orta Balkan (Yüksek Balkan) ve Doğu Balkan (Küçük Balkan). Benzer şekilde kuzeyden güneye doğru da üç bölüme ayrılır: Ön Balkan (Pred-Balkan), Asıl Tarak (Sırt) ve Alt-Balkan (Pod-Balkan). Batıda 2169 metreye kadar yükselen Batı Balkan Sırbistan ile Bulgaristan arasındaki doğal sınırı oluşturur. Orta Balkanların batı sınırı Iskar Yarması veya Arabakonak Geçiti ile işaretlenmiştir ve Doğu (Küçük) Balkan, Wratnik Geçiti'nde başlar.

Kaynakça

Balkan Dağları
Bulgaristan'daki dağlar
Bilgi kutusu bulunmayan sayfalar

Koca Balkan Dağları


Frode Sander Øien (1969, Trondheim) também conhecido por seu pseudônimo Samuel Bjørk, é um escritor norueguês de romances policiais, autor de peças de teatro, cantor e compositor.

Biografia
Ele já lançou seis álbuns musicais, exibiu várias obras de arte em diversas galerias. Det henger en engel alene i skogen (Viajo Sozinha) é a sua primeira obra como autor de thrillers noirs, está publicado em mais de trinta e um países e é um best-seller internacional com milhões de livros vendidos em todo o mundo.

Ele escreveu sua primeira peça teatral aos 21 anos, então escreveu cinco peças e traduziu Shakespeare.

Atualmente reside e trabalha em Trondheim, na Noruega.

Sobre o seu pseudônimo ele declara:

Livros
 Fantastiske Pepsi Love (2001)
 Speed til frokost (2009)

Como Samuel Bjørk

Série do Holger Munch e da Mia Krüger
 Det henger en engel alene i skogen (2013) em Portugal: Viajo Sozinha (Dom Quixote, 2020)
 Uglen (2015) em Portugal: A Coruja Caça Sempre à Noite (Dom Quixote, 2021)
 Gutten som elsket rådyr (2018) em Portugal: O Rapaz na Neve (Dom Quixote, 2023)
 Ulven (2021) (prequela)

Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1969
Romancistas da Noruega
Dramaturgos da Noruega
Cantores da Noruega
Compositores da Noruega
Escritores de literatura policial

Frode Sander Øien


An Phragmipedium chapadense in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Marcos Antonio Campacci ngan R.Takase. An Phragmipedium chapadense in nahilalakip ha genus nga Phragmipedium, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Phragmipedium

Phragmipedium chapadense


قضاء جبيل هو أحد أقضية محافظة جبل لبنان الستة، يمتد من مجرى نهر إبراهيم في الجنوب حتى مجرى النهر المدفون في الشمال، ومن ساحل البحر غربا، حتى قمم السلسلة الغربية لجبال لبنان حيث يرتفع إلى 2300 متر شرقا، بمساحة تزيد على ال 430 كيلومترا مربعا. تحده من الشمال محافظة الشمال عند قضاء البترون ومن الشرق قضاء بعلبك ومن الغرب سواحل البحر الأبيض المتوسط و من الجنوب قضاء كسروان. أغلب سكان قضاء جبيل من الموارنة .

جغرافيته
يتميز قضاء جبيل بتنوعه حيث يبدأ من ارتفاع 0م في الساحل ويرتفع إلى ال2000 متر وما فوق في الشرق ومن القضاء يبدأ جبل المنيطرة بالارتفاع حيث يصل إلى ارتفاع 2911 متر في الشمال وبالإضافة إلى اللقلوق الذي يرتفع بين 1700 و 2200 متر قريبا إلى قضاء البترون. ويتواجد في القضاء غابة أرز جاج التي تحتوي على الأرز الذي كان يصدره الفينيقيون، ومكان تزلج في اللقلوق.

ديموغرافيا
غالبية سكان القضاء هم من الكاثوليك الموارنة، يليهم أقلية من الطائفة الشيعية. يتركز الموارنة في أكبر مدن القضاء وهي في جبيل، وقرطبا، عاقورة وعمشيت. ويعيش معظم المسلمين الشيعة في وادي نهر إبراهيم، ولا سيما في قرى الماط، وراس اسطا، وحجولا، وفيدار، ولاسا، ومزرعة السياد. تشكل الأقلية الأرثوذكسية جزءًا هاماً من السكان وتنتشر بين عدة قرى تعرف محلياً باسم قرنة الروم. والقرى التي تشكل قرنة الروم هي منصف وجدايل وحلو وبربارة وغرزوز وريحانة وشيخان.

يمتلك قضاء جبيل ثلاثة مقاعد مخصصة له في البرلمان اللبناني. ويخصص اثنان من هذه المقاعد للكاثوليك الموارنة، بينما يخصص المقعد الآخر للمسلمين الشيعة. اعتباراً من عام 2009 ، كان المكون الديني لمنطقة جبيل البالغ عددهم 75,584 ناخباً حوالي 70% من الموارنة الكاثوليك وحوالي 19% من المسلمين الشيعة وحوالي 5% من الروم الأرثوذكس.

أعلام
 يارا خوري مخايل
 يوسف أبي رزق

مراجع

مصادر خارجية
 مركز المعلوماتية للتنمية الحلية

قضاء جبيل
جبيل

قضاء جبيل


آرتشيبالد جوزيف كرونين  (19 يوليو 1896-6 يناير 1981) هو طبيب وروائي اسكتلندي. تدور روايته الأكثر شهرةً «القلعة» حول طبيب اسكتلندي في قرية مناجم ويلزية، والذي يصعد السلم المهني الطبي في لندن. راقب كرونين المرافق بصفته مفتشًا طبيًا في المناجم ولاحقًا بصفته طبيبًا في شارع هارلي. روج الكتاب لأفكار لا تزال مثيرة للجدل حول الأخلاقيات الطبية وساعد في إلهام إنشاء جهاز الصحة الوطنية. هناك رواية أخرى لكرونين عن المناجم تدور أحداثها في الشمال الشرقي لإنجلترا وهي النجوم تنظر للأسفل. اقتُبس فلمان عن الروايتين بالإضافة لفيلم عن رواية قلعة هاتر، وهما مفاتيح المملكة والسنين الخضراء. اقتُبست عن رواية كرونين طبيب القرية برنامج إذاعي وملسل من إنتاج هيئة الإذاعة البريطانية بي بي سي بعنوان دفتر قضايا الدكتور فينالي والذي بقي لسنوات لاحقة.

الحياة المبكرة
ولد آرتشيبالد جوزيف كرونين في كاردروس، دونبارتونشاير في اسكتلندا وهو الابن الوحيد لأم تتبع التعاليم المشيخية جيسي كرونين (كنيتها قبل الزواج مونتغومري) وأب كاثوليكي باتريك كرونين. كتب كرونين غالبًا عن رجال شبان من خلفيات مختلطة مشابهة لبيئته. هاجر جداه لأبيه من آرماغ كاونتي في إيرلندا ليصبحا تجار للزجاج والصينيات في الإسكندرية. غيّر جده أوين كرونين كنيته من كروناغي إلى كرونين عام 1870. كان آرتشيبالد مونتغومري جده لأمه صانع قبعات والذي امتلك متجرًا في دومبارتون. انتقل والدا كرونين بعد زواجهما إلى هيلنسبرغ وفيها التحق بمدرسة جرانت ستريت. عندما بلغ كرونين السابعة من عمره، توفي والده عامل التأمين والمسافر التجاري بمرض السل. انتقل بعد ذلك هو وأمه إلى منزل والديها في دومبارتون، وأصبحت بعد فترة مفتشة الصحة العامة في غلاسكو.

لم يكن كرونين طالبًا سابقًا لعمره في أكاديمية دومبارتون والذي ربح جوائز في مسابقات الكتابة بل كان رياضيًا ممتازًا ولاعب كرة قدم. كان كرونين بعمر صغير لاعب جولف نهم وتمتع بممارسة الرياضة طوال حياته بالإضافة لحبه لصيد سمك السلمون.

انتقلت العائلة لاحقًا إلى يوركهيل غلاسكو حيث التحق كرونين بكلية سانت ألوسيوس في منطقة جارينتهيل في المدينة. لعب كرة القدم للفريق الأول هناك، وهي تجربة ضمنها في إحدى رواياته الأخيرة، الفتى المنشد. سوى كرونين بنفسه قرارًا اتُخذ في العائلة أنه يجب أن يدرس إما ليلتحق بالكنيسة أو ليمارس الطب، فاختار أقل الشرين. حاز على منحة كارنيغي لدراسة الطب في جامعة غلاسكو عام 1914. نظرًا لغيابه بين عامي 1916-1917 لأداء الخدمة البحرية، تخرج كرونين عام 1919 بأعلى درجات الشرف في بكالوريوس الطب والجراحة. زار الهند في وقت لاحق من ذلك العام بصفته جراح سفينة على متن سفينة ركاب. تابع كرونين ليحصل على شهادت أخرى، إذ حصل على دبلومة في الصحة العامة عام 1923 وعضوية الكلية الملكية للأطباء عام 1924. قُلد عام 1925 لقب دكتور في الطب من جامعة غلاسكو عن أطروحته بعنوان «تاريخ أم الدم».

مسيرته الطبية
خدم كرونين، خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى، بصفته ملازمًا أول جراح في احتياطي متطوعي البحرية الملكية قبل التخرج من كلية الطب. بعد الحرب تدرب في مستشفيات مختلفة، بما في ذلك بيلاهوستون ولايتبورن في غلاسكو، ومستشفى روتوندا في دبلن. خضع لممارسة عامة في قرية صغيرة في كلايد، غاريلوكهيد، وفي تريديغار، وهي مدينة مناجم في جنوب ويلز. عُين عام 1924 مفتشًا طبيا للمناجم في بريطانيا العظمى. نُشرت إحصائيته للقوانين الطبية في المناجم وتقاريره حول العلاقة بين استنشاق غبار الفحم والأمراض الرئوية على مدى السنوات القليلة اللاحقة. استفاد كرونين من خبرته الطبية وأبحاثه حول المخاطر المهنية لصناعة التعدين في رواياته اللاحقة؛ القلعة، التي تدور أحداثها في ويلز والنجوم تتطلع للأسفل التي تدور أحداثها نورثمبرلاند. انتقل بعد ذلك إلى لندن، حيث مارس الطب في هارلي ستريت قبل تأسيس ممارسة طبية مزدهرة من ماله الخاص في نوتينغ هيل. كان كرونين أيضًا المسؤول الطبي في قسم التخزين بوايتليز، وأصبح في هذا الوقت مهتمًا بشكل متزايد بطب العيون.

مسيرة الكتابة
شُخض كرونين عام 1930 بإصابته بقرحة الإثني عشر المزمنة وقيل إنه يجب أن يخضع لراحة كاملة لستة أشهر في الريف على نظام غذائي مكون من الحليب. في مزرعة دالشينا وبواسطة لوخ فين، استطاع أخيرًا أن ينغمس في رغبته التي استرت طوال حياته في كتابة الرواية، إذ لم يكتب سابقًا سوى الوصفات والأوراق العلمية.سافر كرونين من مزرعة دالشينا سافر إلى دومبارتون لبحث خلفية روايته الأولى، وذلك باستخدام ملفات مكتبة دومبارتون، التي لا تزال تملك رسالة طلب النصح من كرونين. ألف قلعة هاتر في غضون ثلاثة أشهر وقُبل المخطوط بسرعة من قبل غولانكز دار النشر الوحيدة التي أرسِلت لها (يبدو أن اختيار دار النشر تقوم به زوجته من خلال وضع يدها على اسم الناشر بشكل عشوائي). حققت الرواية نجاحًا فوريًا ومثيرًا، إذ أطلقت مسيرة كرونين بصفته مؤلفًا غزير الإنتاج. لم يعد إلى ممارسة الطب أبدًا.

كان العديد من كتب كرونين من الأكثر مبيعًا في ذلك العصر وتُرجمت إلى العديد من اللغات. تعتمد بعض قصصه على مهنته الطبية، إذ تمتزج بشكل كبير بين الواقعية والرومانسية والنقد الاجتماعي. تدرس أعمال كرونين الصراعات الأخلاقية بين الفرد والمجتمع، إذ يسعى أبطاله المثاليون إلى تحقيق العدالة للشخص العادي. تسرد إحدى رواياته المبكرة، النجوم تنظر إلى الأسفل (1935)، المخالفات في مجتمع المناجم في شمال شرق إنجلترا وصعود عامل منجم طموح ليكون عضوًا في البرلمان.

كان كرونين كاتبًا سريعًا استثنائيًا، يكتب ما متوسطه 5000 كلمة في اليوم، ويخطط بدقة لتفاصيل حبكاته مقدمًا. كان معروفًا أنه صعب في التعاملات التجارية، على الرغم من أنه في الحياة الخاصة كان شخصًا مرحًا بدهاء... في محادثاته، وفقًا لما ذكره أحد المحررين بيتر هاينينغ.

ساهم كرونين بقصص ومقالات في العديد من المنشورات الدولية. خلال الحرب العالمية الثانية، عمل في وزارة الإعلام البريطانية، وكتب مقالات بالإضافة إلى المشاركة في البث الإذاعي إلى دول أجنبية.

تأثير رواية القلعة
ساعدت القلعة (1937)، وهي قصة نضال طبيب شركة التعدين لتحقيق التوازن بين النزاهة العلمية والالتزامات الاجتماعية، في التحريض على إنشاء الخدمة الصحية الوطنية في المملكة المتحدة من خلال كشف عدم المساواة وعدم الكفاءة في الممارسة الطبية في ذلك الوقت. ناصر كرونين في روايته خدمة الصحة العامة المجانية من أجل هزيمة حيل الأطباء الذين "رفعوا أجورهم لخنق المرضى بأمر مشابه للعمل فني. عمل كل من الدكتور كرونين وأنورين بيفان في مستشفى تريديجار كوتيدج في ويلز، والذي كان بمثابة واحدة من أساسات الخدمة الصحية الوطنية. سرعان ما أصبح لكرونين أعداء في الوسط الطبي، وكان هناك جهد متضافر من قبل مجموعة من المتخصصين لحظر رواية القلعة. أبلغت رواية كرونين، التي كانت من أكثر الكتب مبيعًا على الإطلاق التي نشرها فيكتور جولانكز، الجمهور عن الفساد داخل النظام الطبي، وزرعت بذرة أدت في النهاية إلى الإصلاح. لم تكن الأفكار الرائدة للمؤلف مفيدة في إنشاء الخدمة الصحية الوطنية فحسب، بل أكد المؤرخ رافاييل سامويل عام 1995 أن شعبية روايات كرونين لعبت دورًا رئيسيًا في انتصار حزب العمال الساحق في عام 1945.

على النقيض من ذلك، وصف أحد كتاب سيرة كرونين، آلان ديفيز، استقبال الكتاب بأنه مختلط. أخذ عدد قليل من الممارسين الطبيين الأكثر صخباً في ذلك اليوم استثناءً لإيصال إحدى الرسائل له قائلين: أن عددًا قليلاً من الأطباء الذين يتمتعون بكفاءة عالية في الممارسات العصرية كانوا يرفعون أجورهم على مرضاهم الأثرياء على حد سواء. وأشار البعض إلى عدم وجود توازن بين النقد والثناء للأطباء الذين يعملون بجد. قبلت الأغلبية الرواية على ما كانت عليه، رواية موضعية. حاولت الصحافة تحريض المشاعر داخل الوسط الطبي في محاولة لزيادة مبيعاتها، في حين أن فيكتور غولانش اتبع حذوها في محاولة للترويج للكتاب، والكل يعلم حقيقة أنها كانت عملاً خياليًا وليس بحثًا علميًا وليس سيرة الذاتية.

في الولايات المتحدة، فازت رواية القلعة بالجائزة الوطنية للكتاب، أي بجائزة الرواية المفضلة لعام 1937، والتي يصوت عليها أعضاء جمعية باعة الكتب الأمريكية. وفقًا لاستطلاع أجرته مؤسسة غالوب عام 1939، صُوت لرواية القلعة بصفتها أكثر الكتب إثارةً لاهتمام القرّاء على الإطلاق.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص ذوو علاقة بهيئة الخدمات الصحية الوطنية
أشخاص من غلاسكو
أطباء إسكتلنديون في القرن 20
أطباء من غلاسكو
إسكتلنديون في القرن 20
إسكتلنديون مغتربون في الولايات المتحدة
إسكتلنديون من أصل أيرلندي
إسكتلنديون من أصل إنجليزي
إنسانويون مسيحيون
بريطانيون مغتربون في سويسرا
جراحون إسكتلنديون
خريجو جامعة غلاسكو
دراميون وكتاب مسرحيون إسكتلنديون
روائيون إنجليز في القرن 20
روائيون مسيحيون
روائيون وروائيات إسكتلنديون
رومان كاثوليك إسكتلنديون
كتاب باللغة الإنجليزية
كتاب بريطانيون في القرن 20
كتاب تلفاز
كتاب تلفاز إسكتلنديون
كتاب تلفاز ذكور بريطانيون
كتاب دراما ومسرح بريطانيون في القرن 20
كتاب ذكور إنجليز في القرن 20
كتاب سيرة ذاتية إسكتلنديون
كتاب سيرة ذاتية إسكتلنديون في القرن 20
كتاب سيناريو إسكتلنديون
كتاب سيناريو بريطانيون في القرن 20
كتاب طبيون بريطانيون
كتاب غير روائيين إسكتلنديون
كتاب قصة قصيرة إسكتلنديون
كتاب قصة قصيرة بريطانيون في القرن 20
كتاب كاثوليك
كتاب مقالات إسكتلنديون
كتاب مقالات بريطانيون في القرن 20
كتاب مقالات في القرن 20
كتاب من غلاسكو
كتاب من لندن
ملحدون ولاأدريون اعتنقوا الرومانية الكاثوليكية
مواليد 1896
وفيات 1981
وفيات في مونترو

آرتشيبالد جوزيف كرونين


La Pampa del Sacramento est un plaine du Pérou située à  d'altitude.

Elle est connue par plusieurs toiles de George Catlin comme Grand Lavoir, Pampa del Sacramento exécutée entre 1854 et 1869 ou View of the Pampa del Sacramento.

Description

La plaine a pour limites au nord le río Marañón, à l'est par l'Ucayali, à l'ouest par la rivière Huallaga et par les rivières Pozuzo et Mayo au sud.

Histoire

La grande plaine est découverte le 21 juin 1726 par des convertis au Catholicisme de Pozuzo, membres des missions des Panataguas, le jour de la fête de Dieu (Sacramento). Ce nom est attribué le Père Simon Zara qui visite le lieu en 1732.

Amédée Chaumette des Fossés révise la carte de la Pampa del Sacramento de Manuel Sobreviela (1790) et en publie une version corrigée, grâce à ses propres explorations, en 1830.

Environnement
La Ranitomeya benedicta, une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Dendrobatidae, est endémique à la pampa del Sacramento.

Notes et références

Bibliographie
 Conrad Malte-Brun, Précis de la géographie universelle, 1821,
 Francis de Castelnau, Expédition dans les parties centrales de l'Amérique du sud, 1851,
 George Catlin, North and South American Indians: Catalogue Descriptive..., 1871,

Liens externes

Plaine
Géographie du Pérou

Pampa del Sacramento


Dupuytrens kontraktur eller kuskefingre er en arvelig sygdom i bindevævet som fører til fortykninger, knuder og sammentrækninger af senerne i håndfladene og gør det umulig at strække hænderne og fingerne ud. Oftest rammes ring- og lillefingeren, som bliver fastlåst i en krum stilling. Sygdommen skyldes unormal opsamling af kollagen i bindevævet.

Dupuytrens kontraktur er mest udbredt i Norden. I Sverige, hvor sygdommen også kaldes vikingasyge, regner man med at otte procent af befolkningen har den. Dupuytrens kontraktur forekommer oftere hos mænd end kvinder.

Traditionelt er tilstanden blevet behandlet med kirurgi. En nyere metode er indsprøjtning af et enzym som opløser og gør bindevævet så blødt at patienten kan bøje fingerne.

Sygdommen er opkaldt efter den franske læge Guillaume Dupuytren som i 1831 beskrev en kirurgisk operation der kan helbrede tilstanden.

Kendte personer med Dupuytrens kontraktur
 Bill Frindall, som fik amputeret en finger.
 John Podesta
 Margaret Thatcher
 Michael Parks
 Misha Dichter
 Prins Joachim
 Ronald Reagan
 Bill Nighy

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Norsk helseinformatikk om Dupuytrens kontraktur

Bevægeapparatets sygdomme

Dupuytrens kontraktur


An Epipactis graberi in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Aimée Antoinette Camus. An Epipactis graberi in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epipactis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epipactis

Epipactis graberi


سبخة تدّر هي سبخة تقع في ولاية مدنين من الجنوب التونسي، جنوب شرقي مدينة بنقردان.

تدر

سبخة تدر