أيياسما (Αγίασμα) Aguvtj iasma حتى عام 1926 باسم كوري أو كورو هومايون) هي قرية تابعة لبلدية نيستوس في الوحدة الإقليمية كافالا في منطقة مقدونيا الشرقية وتراقيا. بلغ عدد سكانها 843 نسمة حسب تعداد 2011. تقع في سهل نيستوس. يقع مطار ولاية كافالا «الإسكندر الأكبر» على بعد ثلاثة كيلومترات منها. تنتمي مستوطنة باراليا أغياسماتا، التي يبلغ عدد سكانها 20 نسمة، إلى كومونة أغياسماتا في (2011).

كان سكان أجياسما في بداية القرن العشرين مسلمين (220 نسمة حسب إحصائيات الجيش اليوناني و 335 نسمة حسب إحصاء عام 1913). بعد تبادل السكان، استقرت فيها 99 عائلة لاجئة، واكتسبت القرية صفة الملجأ.  وبحسب إحصاء عام 1928 كان عدد سكانها 411 نسمة، بينما زاد عدد سكانها إلى 685 نسمة في تعداد عام 1940.  تم تعيين أغياسما كمقر لكومونة أغياسما في عام 1927 ومع برنامج كابوديسترياس أصبحت جزءًا من بلدية كيراموتي

مراجع

مدن اليونان

أيياسما (كافالا)


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Hájske enthält das eine nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützte Objekt in der Gemeinde Hájske im Okres Šaľa.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Hajske


Bohemund V. (1198.–siječanj 1252.), knez Antiohije i grof Tripolija od 1233. do 1252. Sin Bohemunda IV. i njegove supruge Plaisance, naslijedio je svog oca 1233. i vodio borbu s Armenskim Kraljevstvom Cilicijom. Svojim prvim brakom iz 1225. s Alisom, udovicom ciparskog kralja Huge I., Bohemund V je za neko vrijeme povezao povijest Antiohije i Cipra. Spor s Armencima je riješen 1521. kada je brak Bohemundova sina, budućeg Bohemunda VI. i Sibile, kćeri armenskog kralja Hetuma I. konačno donio mir. Najviše je prebivao u Tripoliju, a Antiohijom je upravljalo gradsko vijeće.

Izvori

Poitiers od Antiohije

Bohemund V.


Olivia Del Rio (Rio Casca; 16 de abril de 1969) es una ex actriz pornográfica brasileña.

Biografía
Nació y creció en Brasil, siendo la décimo segunda hija de un matrimonio con 16 hijos. Se marchó a Francia y trabajó como asistente del parisino Patrice Cabanel, un famoso director de cine para adultos. Estuvo trabajando por algunos meses en su casa, cuando un día este director le propuso rodar una escena para una película porno. Como estaba bien pagado y le gustaba el sexo, aceptó y así empezó su carrera porno. Rodó unas cuantas películas en Europa y en 1995 llamó la atención del público americano al aparecer en algunas de Private, como en "Triple x 2" en la que podemos verla en una escena con tres hombres. Al hacerse popular entre el público americano (además del Europeo), se trasladó al sur de California para poder introducirse en la industria del cine pornográfico en Estados Unidos.

Ha participado en un buen número de películas como "Voyeur 07", "Adventures de Peeping Tom 8" o "Pick up lines 21, 49 y 61". Ganando premios a  Mejor actriz en Cannes y Barcelona ´97.

En 2003 apareció en 2 episodios para el programa de televisión sueca High Chaparall.

Actualmente su vida se reparte entre Francia y Marruecos, donde es dueña de un bar con su esposo.

Premios

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en Minas Gerais
Actrices pornográficas de Brasil

Olivia Del Rio


Los bonos corporativos son un tipo de bono financiero emitido por una corporación. Es un bono emitido por una corporación para recaudar dinero con el fin de expandir su negocio. El término se aplica generalmente a instrumentos de deuda a largo plazo, por lo general con una fecha de vencimiento que cae al menos un año después de su fecha de emisión. (El término "papel comercial" a veces se utiliza para instrumentos con un vencimiento más corto.)

A veces, el término "bonos corporativos" se utiliza para incluir todos los bonos, excepto los emitidos por gobiernos en sus propias monedas. Estrictamente hablando, sin embargo, sólo se aplica a los emitidos por las empresas. Los bonos de autoridades locales y las organizaciones supranacionales no encajan en ninguna de las categorías.

Los bonos corporativos son listados a menudo en las principales Bolsas de Valores (a estos bonos se les llama "bonos listados") y en las ECN como Bonds.com y MarketAxess, y el cupón de bono. (Por ejemplo: pago de intereses) es por lo general imponible. A veces este cupón puede ser nulo con un alto valor de reembolso. Sin embargo, a pesar de ser listados en las bolsas, la gran mayoría del volumen de operaciones en bonos corporativos en los mercados más desarrollados se llevan a cabo en mercados descentralizados, basados en interacciones con agentes y corredores bursátiles.

Algunos bonos corporativos han incorporado una opción de compra que permite al emisor redimir la deuda antes de su fecha de vencimiento. Otros bonos, conocidos como bonos convertibles, permiten a los inversores convertir el bono en acciones.

Los diferenciales de crédito corporativo, alternativamente, se pueden obtener a cambio de que el riesgo de incumplimiento a través del mecanismo de swaps de incumplimiento crediticio que da una exposición sintética no financiada a riesgos similares a las mismas "entidades de referencia ". Sin embargo, debido a la bastante volátil 'base' de CDS los diferenciales de los CDS y los diferenciales de crédito de los bonos corporativos pueden ser significativamente diferentes.

Tipos
Deuda corporativa cae en varias categorías amplias:
 La deuda garantizada frente a la deuda sin garantía
 La deuda principal frente a la deuda subordinada
En general, la posición más alta la estructura de capital de la compañía, el más fuerte de los reclamos de los activos de la compañía en el caso de un incumplimiento.

Análisis de riesgos
En comparación con deuda públicas, los bonos corporativos en general tienen un mayor riesgo de incumplimiento. Este riesgo depende de la corporación de expedición del bono, las condiciones actuales del mercado y los gobiernos a los que el emisor del bono se está comparando y la calificación de la empresa. Los titulares de los bonos corporativos son compensados por el riesgo de recibir un mayor rendimiento que los bonos del gobierno.
Esto llega a la conclusión de que cuanto mayor sea el riesgo, mayor será el beneficio.

Otros riesgos en bonos corporativos
El riesgo de impago se ha discutido más arriba, pero también hay otros riesgos para la cual los tenedores de bonos corporativos esperan ser compensados por el diferencial de crédito. Esto es, por ejemplo, por qué el spread ajustado por opciones sobre una MBS Ginnie Mae generalmente será mayor que cero la curva de rendimiento del Tesoro.

Crédito de Riesgo Diferencial El riesgo de que el diferencial de crédito de un bono (extra rendimiento para compensar a los inversionistas para la toma de riesgo de impago), que es inherente al cupón fijo, se convierte en una compensación insuficiente por el riesgo de incumplimiento que se ha deteriorado posteriormente. A medida que el cupón es fijo la única manera que el diferencial de crédito puede reajustarse a las nuevas circunstancias es por el decreciente precio de mercado del bono y el aumento de la producción a un nivel tal que un diferencial crediticio adecuado se ofrece.

Riesgo de Tasa. El nivel de rendimiento en general, en un mercado de bonos, según lo expresado por el rendimiento de los bonos, puede cambiar y por lo tanto llevar a cabo cambios en el valor de mercado de los bonos de cupón fijo de modo que su rendimiento al vencimiento se ajusta a nuevos niveles apropiados.

Riesgo de Liquidez. Puede que no haya un mercado secundario continuo para una fianza, lo que deja un inversor con dificultad en la venta de los casos, ni siquiera cerca, de un precio justo. Este riesgo en particular podría ser más severa en los mercados en desarrollo, donde una gran cantidad de bonos basura pertenecen, tales como China, Vietnam, Indonesia, etc.

Suministro de riesgo. La pesada emisión de nuevos bonos similar a la que tuvo lugar pueden deprimir sus precios.

Riesgo de inflación. La inflación reduce el valor real de los flujos futuros de efectivo de importe determinado. Una anticipación de la inflación, o aumento de la inflación, puede bajar los precios de inmediato.

Impuesto de Riesgo del Cambio. Cambios no anticipados en los impuestos puede afectar negativamente el valor de un bono a los inversores y por lo tanto su valor de mercado inmediata.

Índices de bonos corporativos
Los índices de bonos de las empresas incluyen el Índice Barclays Corporate Bond, el Citigroup EE.UU. amplio índice de grado de inversión de crédito, y el índice Dow Jones Corporate Bond.

Referencias

Activos financieros

el:Επιχειρηματικό ομόλογο
he:אג"ח קונצרנית
id:Obligasi swasta
ja:社債
ko:회사채
lt:Bendrovės obligacija
pl:Obligacja przedsiębiorstwa
pt:Debênture
ru:Корпоративная облигация
th:หุ้นกู้

Bono corporativo


The following are some notable people from the American state of Maryland, listed by their field of endeavor. This list may not include Federal officials and members of the United States Congress who live in Maryland but are not actual natives.

Politicians, jurists, and statesmen

Spiro T. Agnew, former Governor of Maryland and Vice President of the United States
John R. Bolton, 25th United States Ambassador to the United Nations
Charles Joseph Bonaparte, former Attorney General of the United States; founder of the FBI; grand-nephew of French emperor Napoleon I
Anthony Brown, United States Congressman, former Lieutenant Governor of Maryland
Charles Carroll of Carrollton, lawyer, politician, and signer of the Declaration of Independence
John Lee Carroll, 37th Governor of Maryland
Samuel Chase, United States Supreme Court Justice
Frank J. Christensen, labor leader
Joan Claybrook, President of Public Citizen; head of the NHTSA in the Carter administration
J. Joseph Curran Jr., state Attorney General and former Lieutenant Governor
Frederick Douglass, abolitionist
Doug Duncan, county executive
Robert L. Ehrlich Jr., former governor of Maryland and member of the U.S. House of Representatives
Christopher Emery, Assistant White House Chief Usher
Merrick Garland, U.S. attorney general
John Hanson, ninth president of the Continental Congress; first elected under the Articles of Confederation
Ellen Lipton Hollander, United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland
Steny Hoyer, current and former House Majority Leader, U.S. House of Representatives
Sarah T. Hughes, federal judge who administered the presidential oath of office to Lyndon B. Johnson
Brett Kavanaugh, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
Philip Barton Key, U.S. representative and U.S. district judge
Allan H. Kittleman, former Maryland State Senator and county executive for Howard County, Maryland
Ernest Lyon, former United States Ambassador to Liberia and founder of Maryland Industrial and Agricultural Institute for Colored Youths
Thurgood Marshall, first African-American Supreme Court Justice in the history of the United States
Kweisi Mfume, Congressman and former NAACP leader
J. William Middendorf, United States diplomat, Secretary of the Navy
Charles E. Miller, politician, businessman, and philanthropist
David Nolan, activist and politician
John A. Olszewski Jr., Baltimore County Executive and former Maryland State Delegate
Katie O'Malley, State District Judge and wife of Martin O'Malley
Martin J. O'Malley, former governor of Maryland and 2016 candidate for President of the United States
William Paca, signer of the Declaration of Independence
Nancy Pelosi, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
Edgar Allan Poe, Maryland attorney general (1911–1915)
John P. Poe Sr., Attorney General of Maryland (1891–1895)
Neilson Poe, Judge for Baltimore City and grandfather of Poe brothers
Kevin B. Quinn, Chief Executive Officer and Administrator of the Maryland Transit Administration
William Donald Schaefer, former Governor
Sargent Shriver, politician, former vice presidential candidate
Michael S. Steele, Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (2003–2007)
Roger Taney, Chief Justice of the United States
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, (Democratic Party) former Lieutenant Governor of Maryland and oldest daughter of Robert F. Kennedy
Jeffrey Zients, Director of the National Economic Council under President Barack Obama
Dawn Zimmer, mayor of Hoboken, New Jersey

Architects
Otto Eugene Adams
George Archer
Richard Snowden Andrews
Ephraim Francis Baldwin
Henry F. Brauns
William Buckland
Wright Butler
Charles L. Carson
Albert Cassell
Charles E. Cassell
Thomas Dixon
George A. Frederick
Jackson C. Gott
Nathaniel Henry Hutton
William Rich Hutton
Edmund George Lind
J. Crawford Neilson
John Rudolph Niernsee
Edward L. Palmer Jr.
Theodore Wells Pietsch, architect of Stieff Silver Company Factory (Baltimore)
Bruce Price
Howard Van Doren Shaw (died in Baltimore)
Gideon Shryock
Mathias Shryock (born in Frederick, Maryland)
Joseph Evans Sperry
Philip E. Thomas, first president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
John Appleton Wilson
James Bosley Noel Wyatt

Scientists and inventors
Beatrice Aitchison, mathematician, statistician, topologist, and transportation economist
Hattie Alexander, pediatrician and microbiologist, developed first effective remedies for Haemophilus influenzae
Shirley Montag Almon, economist noted for the Almon lag model
Richard R. Arnold, NASA astronaut, high school biology teacher
Benjamin Banneker, surveyor, astronomer, mathematician and almanac author
Brady Barr, herpetologist
Ruth Bleier, neurophysiologist and feminist scholar
Sergey Brin, co-founder of Google
John H. Brodie, physicist
Ben Carson, former neurosurgeon, politician, and 2016 presidential candidate
Rachel Carson, environmentalist
Teresa Cohen, mathematician
Robert Curbeam, astronaut, engineer, and US naval officer
George Dantzig, mathematical scientist
George Delahunty, physiologist, endocrinologist, and professor at Goucher College
Olive Dennis, railroad engineer and first female member of the American Railway Engineering Association
Wendell E. Dunn Jr., chemical engineer, metallurgist, and inventor
Roger L. Easton, principal inventor of GPS
Charles Fefferman, mathematician
Henry Gantt, mechanical engineer
Solomon Golomb, mathematician who invented pentominoes
Michael Griffin, NASA administrator
Harold E. Harrison and Helen C. Harrison, husband-and-wife research team in pediatrics
Ethel Browne Harvey, embryologist
Arlo Hemphill, explorer/ocean conservationist
Georgeanna Seegar Jones, reproductive endocrinologist
Howard W. Jones, gynecological surgeon
Thomas David Jones, NASA astronaut, US Air Force pilot
Kate Breckenridge Karpeles, first woman to be appointed a contract surgeon by the United States Army
Nick Katz, mathematician
Mark Mattson, neuroscientist
John Mauchly, physicist who, with J. Presper Eckert, invented the first general-purpose electronic computer
Edmund McIlhenny, inventor of Tabasco brand pepper sauce
Florence Marie Mears, mathematician
Bessie Moses, gynecologist, obstetrician and Director of the Baltimore Bureau for Contraceptive Advice
Ayub K. Ommaya, neurosurgeon
Helen Dodson Prince, astronomer
Mila Rechcigl, biochemist
Robert Empie Rogers, chemist
Arthur William Savage, inventor of the Savage Model 99
Paul Reed Smith, luthier
Elsie Shutt, computer programmer and founder of software company
Terry W. Virts, NASA astronaut, US Air Force pilot
Douglas C. Wallace, geneticist, evolutionary biologist
John Archibald Wheeler, theoretical physicist
Gregory R. Wiseman, NASA astronaut, US Navy aviator
Edward Witten, physicist, mathematician
Jean Worthley, naturalist and TV host of Hodgepodge Lodge and On Nature's Trail
Jill Zimmerman, computer scientist and professor at Goucher College

Authors, journalists

Devin Allen, photojournalist and photographer
John Barth, author
Carl Bernstein, journalist and author
Hanne Blank, author
Ann Brashares, author
Pat Brown, author, criminal profiler
Emma Alice Browne, poet
Mindie Burgoyne, author and businessperson
Erin Burnett, journalist and CNN anchor
James M. Cain, journalist and author
Christine Michel Carter, author
Kiran Chetry, journalist
Connie Chung, television journalist
Tom Clancy, author
Lucille Clifton, poet
Ta-Nehisi Coates, writer, journalist
Annie McCarer Darlington, poet
Mark Davis, columnist, radio talk show host
Minnie S. Davis, author, mental scientist
Frank Deford, journalist and author
Matt Drudge, journalist, radio talk show host
Alex Epstein, author, energy theorist
Nellie Blessing Eyster, journalist, writer, reformer
Roland Flint, poet
Courtney Friel, entertainment reporter for Fox News
Marianne Githens, political scientist, feminist, author, and professor
Jesse Glass, poet, folklorist
Meredith Goldstein, advice columnist and reporter
Sara Haardt, author and professor
Mary Downing Hahn, author
Dashiell Hammett, author
James Alexander Henshall, author
Karen Hesse, author
Nancy Hubbard, author and business professor
Zora Neale Hurston, author
Julia Ioffe (born 1982), journalist
Mary E. Ireland, writer, translator, poet
Nina Kasniunas, political scientist, author, and professor
Sophie Kerr, author
Michael Kimball, author
Cliff Kincaid, investigative journalist
Gayle King, editor
Mel Kiper Jr., ESPN football analyst
Munro Leaf, children's author
Rick Leventhal, correspondent for Fox News
Walter Lord, author
H. L. Mencken, journalist and social critic
Emily J. Miller, senior editor of Washington Times opinion pages
Frank Miller, writer and artist
Ogden Nash, humorous poet
Suzan-Lori Parks, playwright and screenwriter
Edgar Allan Poe, poet, writer, and literary critic
Adrienne Rich, poet and feminist
Hester Dorsey Richardson, writer
Nora Roberts, author
Thomas Roberts, news anchor for MSNBC
John Thomas Scharf, author, historian, lawyer, politician, and Confederate soldier and sailor
Karl Shapiro, poet
Laura Amy Schlitz, children's literature author
Upton Sinclair, author
Norman Solomon, journalist, media critic
Bud Sparhawk, science fiction author
John Steadman, sportswriter
Flora E. Strout, teacher, social reformer, non-fiction writer, lyricist
Mary Spear Tiernan, writer
Anne Tyler, author
Sanford J. Ungar, journalist and Goucher College president emeritus
Leon Uris, author
Scott Van Pelt, ESPN anchor and radio host
Amelia B. Coppuck Welby, poet
Fredricka Whitfield, CNN reporter and anchor
Emma Howard Wight, writer, newspaper correspondent
Michael Wilbon, ESPN personality (Pardon the Interruption) and The Washington Post sports columnist
Ella B. Ensor Wilson social reformer, non-fiction writer
Ibbie McColm Wilson, poet
James Wolcott, journalist, social critic

Musicians

Bernard Addison, jazz guitarist
Scott Ambush, jazz bassist
Tori Amos, singer-songwriter
BT, born Brian Transeau, electronic musician
Jack Barakat, lead guitarist of the rock band All Time Low
Niki Barr, singer-songwriter
Keter Betts, jazz bassist
Eubie Blake, ragtime, jazz and pop composer, lyricist
Bossman, rapper
Toni Braxton, singer
Mark Bryan, guitarist for the rock band Hootie & the Blowfish
Randy Blythe, vocalist for heavy metal band Lamb of God
David Byrne, singer/guitarist of rock band Talking Heads
Bill Callahan, singer/songwriter formerly known as Smog
Cab Calloway, jazz singer and bandleader
Eva Cassidy, singer-songwriter
Cex, electronic musician
JC Chasez, singer, songwriter and producer; former member of pop group N'Sync
John Christ, former guitarist of the hard rock band Danzig
Cordae, rapper
Rian Dawson, drummer for the band All Time Low
Dan Deacon, electronic musician
Deakin (Joshua Dibb), co-founder of Animal Collective
Adam Duritz, singer of rock band Counting Crows
Cass Elliot, singer of pop band The Mamas & the Papas
Sam Endicott, singer of rock band The Bravery
Entrance, born Guy Blakeslee, singer/songwriter
John Fahey, folk/blues guitarist
Brent Faiyaz, singer, record producer
Mark Fax, composer
Dean Felber, bass guitarist for the rock band Hootie & the Blowfish
Gallant, singer-songwriter
Alex Gaskarth, lead singer and guitarist for the rock band All Time Low
Johnny Gill, singer
Danny Gatton, guitarist
Geologist (Brian Weltz), co-founding member of Animal Collective
Ginuwine, R&B singer
Philip Glass, composer
Robert Gordon, rockabilly singer
Tamyra Gray, singer/actress
Hilary Hahn, concert violinist, two-time Grammy winner
Greg Hawkes, keyboardist of The Cars
Billie Holiday, singer
Ron Holloway, tenor saxophonist
Scott Hull, guitarist, music producer
Eric Hutchinson, musician
JPEGMafia, music producer, experimental hip hop artist
Julienne Irwin, singer and America's Got Talent season 2 finalist
Joan Jett, singer
LaKisha Jones, American Idol season 6 finalist
Tonie Joy, guitarist for Moss Icon
Tommy Keene, singer-songwriter
Greg Kihn, New Wave and pop musician and singer
Joe Lally, bassist of rock band Fugazi
Nathan Larson, film soundtrack composer; guitarist of rock bands Shudder to Think and Hot One
Rod Lee, Baltimore club producer/DJ
Victoria Legrand, vocalist and keyboardist for Beach House
Lisa Loeb, singer-songwriter
Nils Lofgren, solo rock musician and guitarist with Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band
Logic, rapper
Benji Madden, guitarist for Good Charlotte
Joel Madden, lead singer for Good Charlotte
Spiro Malas, bass-baritone opera singer
Mario, singer-songwriter
Sean Meadows, bass guitarist for Lungfish
 Zachary Merrick, bassist and vocals for the rock band All Time Low
Christina Milian, singer-songwriter, actress, dancer
Jamie Miller, drummer for Bad Religion
Jason C. Miller, singer-songwriter
Mýa, singer/songwriter and dancer
Rico Nasty, rapper
Ric Ocasek, former frontman of The Cars
John and T.J. Osborne, members of the band Brothers Osborne
Panda Bear (Noah Lennox), co-founding member of Animal Collective
Barry Louis Polisar, singer-songwriter of children's music
Greg Puciato, singer of metal band The Dillinger Escape Plan
Ross Rawlings, pianist, composer, conductor, and music director
Sam Ray, electronic music as Ricky Eat Acid, and founder of band American Pleasure Club, formerly known as Teen Suicide
Steve Rochinski, jazz guitarist, recording artist, composer, arranger, author, jazz educator
Maggie Rogers, singer-songwriter and producer
Alex Scally, instrumentalist and songwriter for Beach House
Gina Schock, drummer of rock band The Go-Go's
Sisqó, lead singer of R&B group Dru Hill
Todd Smith, vocalist, songwriter, and guitarist for Dog Fashion Disco, Polkadot Cadaver, and Knives Out!
Noel Paul Stookey, singer with Peter, Paul and Mary
Avey Tare (David Portner), co-founding member of Animal Collective
Evan Taubenfeld, ex-guitarist and backup vocalist for pop star Avril Lavigne; singer and rhythm guitarist for The Black List Club
Chad Taylor, guitarist for The Gracious Few and Live
Chester Thompson, drummer, frequent collaborator with Genesis
Jordan Tice, bluegrass guitarist and singer, band member of Hawktail
Ultra Naté, house music/dance-pop musician
Chick Webb, jazz and swing drummer and bandleader
Scott "Wino" Weinrich, doom metal guitarist and vocalist
Erica Wheeler, folk singer-songwriter
Frank Zappa, singer, guitarist and composer

Actors, filmmakers, and entertainers

Cynthia Addai-Robinson, actress
Gbenga Akinnagbe, actor
Lori Alan, voice actress
Karen Allen, actress
Utkarsh Ambudkar, actor
Bess Armstrong, actress
Jay Ashley, pornographic film star
John Astin, actor
Jonathan Banks, actor
Noelle Beck, actress
Clara Beranger, silent film screenwriter
Lewis Black, comedian, actor
Wolfgang Bodison, actor
Edwin Booth, actor
Julie Bowen, actress
Tamar Braxton, actress, television personality, and musician (The Real, Dancing with the Stars)
Kimberly J. Brown, actress
Norman "Chubby" Chaney, actor (Little Rascals, Our Gang shorts)
Crystal Chappell, actress
Josh Charles, actor
Hank Chen, actor
Josh Clark, actor
Kevin Clash, puppeteer
Gaelan Connell, actor, singer
Hans Conreid, actor
Whitney Cummings, stand-up comedian
Brian Dannelly, film director and screenwriter
Tommy Davidson, actor, comedian
Wendy Davis, actress
Eddie Deezen, actor
Alexis Denisof, actor
Divine, actor, drag queen
Jack Douglass, Internet personality, comedian
David Drake, playwright, actor, stage director
Mildred Dunnock, actress
Charles Dutton, actor
Robert Duvall, actor
Michael Ealy, actor
Johnny Eck, actor, circus performer (Tod Browning's Freaks)
Damon Evans, actor
Anna Faris, actress
Evan Farmer, actor, singer
Lauren Faust, animator
Faith Fay, actress
Wayne Federman, comedian, actor, author
Ben Feldman, actor
Mona Freeman, actress
Judah Friedlander, comedian, actor
Daniel Gallant, writer, producer and director of Nuyorican Poets Café
Kathie Lee Gifford, TV personality and singer
Anita Gillette, actress
Larry Gilliard Jr., actor
Ira Glass, radio personality, producer
John Glover, actor
Duff Goldman, television personality
George O. Gore II, actor
Alfred Gough, screenwriter and producer
Holter Graham, actor
Linda Hamilton, actress
Brandon Hardesty, actor
Ian Harding, actor
Linda Harrison, actress
David Hasselhoff, actor
Shawn Hatosy, actor
Rondo Hatton, actor
Goldie Hawn, actress
Robert Hays, actor
Elden Henson, actor
Taraji P. Henson, actress
Russell Hicks, actor
Brendan Hines, actor, singer
Anne Hummert, creator of daytime radio serials
Michael Hyatt, actress
Mo'Nique Imes-Jackson, actress
Thomas Jane, actor
Penny Johnson Jerald, actress
Rian Johnson, filmmaker
Spike Jonze,  music video director, filmmaker, and producer
Kevin Kangas, writer, director of B-horror movies
John Kassir, actor, comedian
Stacy Keibler, actress, model
Josh Kelly
Kevin Kilner, actor
Judy Kuhn, actress
Martin Lawrence, actor, comedian, director and producer
Mina Le, fashion Youtuber, podcaster, and content creator
Barry Levinson, filmmaker
Peyton List, actress, model
Ernie Lively, actor
Julia Louis-Dreyfus, actress
William H. Macy, actor
Paula Marshall, actress
Shane McMahon, professional wrestler
Dale Midkiff, actor
Debra Monk, actress, singer
Garry Moore, television personality
Cookie Mueller, actress, writer
Sean Murray, actor
Mildred Natwick, actress
Toby Orenstein, theatre producer and founder
Devika Parikh, actress
Jameson Parker, actor
Nicole Ari Parker, actress
Mark Pellington, film director
Sam Phillips, actress, model, radio DJ
David Pollock, actor
Parker Posey, actress
Robin Quivers, radio personality
Lance Reddick, actor
Patricia Richardson, actress
Howard Rollins, actor
Mark Rolston, actor
Jessica Lee Rose, actress
John Rothman, actor
Thomas Rothman, film executive
Mike Rowe, TV personality
Lamman Rucker, actor
Johnathon Schaech, actor, writer
Richard Schiff, actor
Dwight Schultz, actor
Teddy Sears, actor
Anna Deavere Smith, actress, playwright
Jada Pinkett Smith, actress
Daniel Stern, actor
Mink Stole, actress
Rebecca Sugar, animator, singer-songwriter, and screenwriter
Wanda Sykes, comedian, actress
Tracie Thoms, actress
Barbara Walsh, actress
Jonathan Ward, actor
John Waters, filmmaker
Matthew Weiner, writer, director and producer
Montel Williams, TV personality
DeWanda Wise, actress
Frank Zappa, musician, composer

Athletes

Nick Adenhart, baseball player
Joe Alexander, basketball player
Brady Anderson, baseball player
Justin Anderson, basketball player
Carmelo Anthony, basketball player
Lisa Aukland, professional bodybuilder and powerlifter
Tavon Austin, football player
Harold Baines, baseball player
Frank Baker, baseball player
Ken Bannister, basketball player
Shaquil Barrett, football player
Lonny Baxter, basketball player
Steve Barber, baseball player
Michael Beasley, basketball player
Kyle Beckerman, soccer player
Bill Belichick, football coach
Len Bias, basketball player
Keith Bogans, basketball player
Tyrone "Muggsy" Bogues, basketball player
Josh Boone, basketball player
Riddick Bowe, heavyweight champion boxer
Matt Bowman, baseball player
NaVorro Bowman, football player
Charles Bradley, basketball player
Dudley Bradley, basketball player
Troy Brohawn, baseball player
Andre Brown, football player
Elise Burgin, tennis player
James Carter, hurdler
Sam Cassell, basketball player
Brett Cecil, baseball player
Steve Clevenger, baseball player
Colin Cloherty, football player
Andy Cohen, baseball second baseman and coach
Chris Coghlan, baseball player
Brandon Coleman, football player
Jerome Couplin III, football player
Dante Cunningham, basketball player
Quintin Dailey, basketball player
Adrian Dantley, basketball player
Ronald Darby, football player
Will Davis, football player
Dominique Dawes, Olympic gymnast
Delino DeShields Jr., baseball player
Judy Devlin, badminton player
Susan Devlin, badminton player
Stefon Diggs, football player
Juan Dixon, basketball player
Joey Dorsey, basketball player
John Dorsey, football player, general manager
Pat Downey, freestyle wrestler
Michael Dunn, football player
Kevin Durant, basketball player
Jerome Dyson, basketball player
James Ellsworth, professional wrestler
Eva Fabian, American-Israeli world champion swimmer
Michel Faulkner, football player
Duane Ferrell, basketball player
Danny Ferry, basketball player
Tony Fiammetta, football player
Gavin Floyd, baseball player
Moise Fokou, football player
Domonique Foxworth, football player
Jimmy Foxx, Hall of Fame baseball player
Steve Francis, basketball player
Corey Fuller, football player
Kyle Fuller, football player
Rudy Gay, basketball player
James Gist, basketball player
Paul Goldstein, tennis player
Justin Gorham (born 1998), basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
Brian Gottfried, World No. 3-ranked tennis player
Jeff Green, basketball player
Donté Greene, basketball player
Gabe Gross, baseball player
Lefty Grove, Hall of Fame baseball player
Todd Gurley, football player
Scott Hall, professional wrestler
Jeff Halpern, hockey player
Derrick Harvey, football player
 Marcus Hatten, basketball player
Rob Havenstein, football player
Darrius Heyward-Bey, football player
Roy Hibbert, basketball player
Calvin Hill, football player, father of Grant Hill
Timmy Hill, NASCAR driver
Tyler Hill, NASCAR driver
Katie Hoff, swimmer
Spencer Horwitz (born 1997), baseball player
Jarrett Jack, basketball player
Tanard Jackson, football player
Tracy Jackson, basketball player
Jelani Jenkins, football player
Bryant Johnson, football player
Larry Johnson, football player
Steve Johnson, baseball player
Cyrus Jones, football player
Al Kaline, Hall of Fame baseball player
Lloyd Keaser, Olympic freestyle wrestler
Stacy Keibler, professional wrestler
Stanton Kidd, basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
Linas Kleiza, basketball player
Rick Knapp, pitching coach
Adam Kolarek, baseball player
Cyrus Kouandjio, football player
Steve Krulevitz, American-Israeli tennis player
Aaron Laffey, baseball player
Bucky Lasek, professional skateboarder
Ty Lawson, basketball player
Katie Ledecky, Olympic swimmer
 Ivan Leshinsky, American-Israeli basketball player
Steve Lombardozzi Jr., baseball player
Sugar Ray Leonard, Hall of Fame boxer
Reggie Lewis, basketball player
Sidney Lowe, basketball player, assistant coach
Matt Maloney, basketball player
Helen Maroulis, Olympic freestyle wrestler
Roger Mason, basketball player
Justin Maxwell, baseball player
Leo Mazzone, baseball coach
Robert McClain, football player
Tatyana McFadden, paralympian category T54
Rodney McLeod, football player
Sara McMann, MMA fighter
Kimmie Meissner, figure skater
Shawne Merriman, football player
Matt Mervis, baseball player
Debbie Meyer, competition swimmer
Abby Meyers, basketball player in the Women's National Basketball Association
Isaiah Miles, basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
Malcolm Miller, basketball player
Terence Morris, basketball player
Daniel Muir, football player
Jeff Nelson, baseball player
Rashard Odomes, basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
Quinn Ojinnaka, football player
Victor Oladipo, basketball player
Chinanu Onuaku, basketball player
Travis Pastrana, motorsport athlete
Sam Perlozzo, baseball player and manager
Julian Peterson, football player
Michael Phelps, Olympic swimmer
Tom Phoebus, baseball player
Poe brothers, six American football players from Princeton University
Oliver Purnell, basketball coach
Billy Ripken, baseball player
Cal Ripken Jr., Hall of Fame baseball player
Bob Robertson, baseball player
Josh Roenicke, baseball player
Axl Rotten, professional wrestler
Jake Rozhansky, American-Israeli professional soccer player
Babe Ruth, Hall of Fame baseball player
Pete Sampras, tennis player
Jim Schwartz, football coach
Dennis Scott, basketball player
Josh Selby, basketball player
Kevin Shaffer, football player
Visanthe Shiancoe, football player
Pam Shriver, tennis player
Gene Shue, basketball player
Lawrence Sidbury, football player
Dickey Simpkins, basketball player
Ira Smith, collegiate baseball player
Tubby Smith, basketball coach
Kyle Snyder, Olympic freestyle wrestler
Harold Solomon, tennis player
Larry Spriggs, basketball player
Mike Sweetney, basketball player
Ron Swoboda, baseball player
Frances Tiafoe, tennis player
Mark Teixeira, baseball player
Greivis Vásquez, basketball player
Cameron Wake, football player
 Shatori Walker-Kimbrough (born 1995), basketball player for the Israeli team Maccabi Bnot Ashdod, and the Washington Mystics of the Women's National Basketball Association
Marvin Webster, basketball player
Delonte West, basketball player
Brian Westbrook, football player
Byron Westbrook, football player
Greg Whittington, basketball player
Derrick Williams, football player
LaQuan Williams, football player
Madieu Williams, football player
Reggie Williams, basketball player
Kennard Winchester, basketball player
David Wingate, basketball player
Danny Wiseman, Hall of Fame bowler
Jay Witasick, baseball player
Chase Young, football player
Sam Young, basketball player
Usama Young, football player
Joanna Zeiger, Olympic and world champion triathlete, and author

Visual artists

Rushern Baker IV, painter
Chrystelle Trump Bond, dancer, choreographer, and dance historian
F. Lennox Campello, visual artist, art critic, author, blogger
Norman Carlberg, sculptor
Anne Cherubim, painter
Frank Cho, comic book creator, writer and artist
Joseph Craig English, printmaker
Jane Frank, painter, sculptor, mixed media artist, illustrator
Jason Freeny, sculptor, toy designer, designer toy artist
Lee Gatch, painter, mixed media artist
Dick Hafer, cartoonist and comics creator
Elaine Hamilton-O'Neal, painter
Joseph Holston, painter and printmaker
Wayson R. Jones, painter
Andrei Kushnir, painter
Morris Louis, painter
Joe Shannon, painter, curator and educator
Amy Sherald, painter, portrait artist
Anne Truitt, sculptor
Diane Tuckman, painter and author
Bernie Wrightson, comic book artist

Individuals of historic significance

John Wilkes Booth, assassin of President Abraham Lincoln
Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, first proprietary governor of the Maryland Colony
John Carroll, first Roman Catholic archbishop in the US
Henry De Butts, 18th-century U.S. Army officer, acting Adjutant General and Inspector General
Stephen Decatur, naval hero of the War of 1812
Julia Dorsey, African-American suffragist
William Hemsley Emory, U.S. Army officer and surveyor of Texas
Matthew Henson, Arctic explorer
Alger Hiss, UN official accused of being a Soviet spy in 1948, convicted of perjury in 1950
Francis Scott Key, composer of "The Star-Spangled Banner", the poem used for the United States national anthem
Jacob Lumbrozo, first Jew to permanently settle in the New World
Charles A. May, U.S. Army cavalry officer, considered a hero of the Mexican War
Samuel Mudd, physician convicted and imprisoned for aiding John Wilkes Booth
Cadwalader Ringgold, U.S. Navy Officer during the Civil War, explorer
Edward Rowny, U.S. Army Lieutenant General, World War II and Korean War veteran
Raymond A. Spruance, admiral during World War II, ambassador to the Philippines
Harriet Tubman, leader of the Underground Railroad

Miscellaneous

Yosef Alon, Israeli Air Force officer and military attache
Steve Bisciotti, majority owner of the Baltimore Ravens
José Antonio Bowen, president of Goucher College
Sally Brice-O'Hara, 27th Vice-Commandant of the U.S. Coast Guard
Sally Buck, part-owner of the Philadelphia Phillies
Blac Chyna, model, socialite and rapper
Sherry Cooper, Chief Economist for Dominion Lending Centres; Executive VP and Chief Economist of BMO Financial Group
Timothy Creamer, NASA astronaut, U.S. Army Colonel
Bud Delp, 1979 Kentucky Derby-winning trainer of Spectacular Bid
Rhoda Dorsey, historian and first woman president of Goucher College
Michel Faulkner, pastor and NYC politician
Duff Goldman, owner of Charm City Cakes, star of Ace of Cakes
Michael Hardt, literary theorist and political philosopher
Arlo Hemphill, wilderness advocate
Johns Hopkins, businessman and philanthropist
Brendan Iribe, game programmer and co-founder of Oculus VR
Edwin R. Keedy, Dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School
Mel Kiper Jr., ESPN football analyst, known for draft coverage
Seth Klarman, billionaire, founder of The Baupost Group
Little Albert, subject of John B. Watson's controversial case study on classical conditioning
 Joseph Maskell (1939–2001), Catholic priest accused of sexual abuse
Derrick Miller, paroled former US Army National Guard sergeant sentenced to life in prison for murder
Peter Navarro, Director of the National Trade Council under President Trump
Creig Northrop, real estate agent, broker, and CEO of Northrop Realty
Samuel J. Palmisano, president and CEO of IBM
Bronza Parks, boatbuilder
Bob Parsons, CEO and founder of Go Daddy
George Peabody, founder of the Peabody Institute, philanthropist
Frank Perdue, president of Perdue Farms
Kevin Plank, CEO and founder of Under Armour
Virginia Eliza Clemm Poe, wife of writer Edgar Allan Poe
Hortense Powdermaker, anthropologist
John Rawls, philosopher
Hilary Rhoda, model
Jim Rogers, businessman, investor, author
James Rouse, city planner
Elizabeth Lownes Rust, philanthropist, humanitarian, missionary
Ida Mary Barry Ryan, philanthropist
Bradford Shellhammer, entrepreneur and designer, founding editor of Queerty
Christian Siriano, winner of Season 4 of Project Runway
Daniel Snyder, owner of the Washington Commanders
Ben Stein, actor, author, economist, political speechwriter
 Robert Stethem, U.S. Navy Seabee diver killed by Hezbollah militants during the hijacking of TWA Flight 847
Matthew VanDyke, freedom fighter and prisoner of war (POW) in the 2011 Libyan Civil War
Paula White, international Christian evangelist and teacher
Meredith Whitney (born 1969), businesswoman
Bill Wilson, head of Americans for Limited Government
Leo Wolman, economist
George Young, NFL executive

See also

 Lists of Americans

External links

List of people from Maryland


Paulo Ezequiel Londra Farías, mai cunoscut sub numele de Paulo Londra () este un cântăreț de trap argentinian .

Biografie
Paulo Londra s-a născut pe 12 aprilie 1998 în Orașul Córdoba, Argentina.

În timpul copilăriei și adolescenței a trăit într-o casă foarte unită; Potrivit lui Paulo, familia sa a fost întotdeauna alături de el și a primit mereu sprijin în cariera sa muzicală din partea ei.

Cariera muzicală
Și-a început cariera muzicală în ianuarie 2017 când a lansat primul său single, "Relax"

El a primit un contract de la o casă de discuri multinaționale, cu toate acestea, a respins oferta.  În octombrie 2017, a călătorit în Columbia pentru a lucra cu producătorul Ovy la tobe și pe eticheta Big Ligas.

În iulie 2019, artistul Ed Sheeran a colaborat cu Paulo Londra la una dintre piesele sale "Nimic pe tine", care face parte din noul său album.

Discografie

 Homerun

Referințe

Nașteri în 1998
Cântăreți argentinieni
Muzicieni care folosesc pseudonime
Oameni în viață
Cântăreți din secolul al XXI-lea

Paulo Londra


Hans Georg Richter (1942) es un botánico, y dasónomo alemán. En 1964 obtuvo su M.Sc. en la Universidad de Hamburgo, que ha trabajado extensamente en la estructura, propiedades y uso racional de la madera de los climas tropicales y templados.

Algunas publicaciones

Libros
 . 2004. IAWA list of microscopic features for softwood identification. Editor International Ass. of Wood Anatomists at the National Herbarium Nederland, 70 pp.

 . 2001. Bois du Sahara et du Sahel. Editor Haupt, 465 pp. ISBN 3258062048

 . 1991. Anatomia da madeira. Editor Livraria Nobel S.A. 154 pp. ISBN 8521306695

 . 1988. Holz als Rohstoff für den Musikinstrumentenbau. Editor Moeck, 44 pp. ISBN 3875490355

 ------------------------------. 1986. Consultancy in wood structure and quality research. 17 pp.

 ------------------------------, . 1981. Anatomie des sekundären Xylems und der Rinde der Lauraceae. Volumen 5 de Sonderbände des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein Hamburg. Editor P. Parey, 148 pp. ISBN 3490135962

 ------------------------------. 1969. Características generales macroscópicas y microscópicas de 113 especies panameñas

Honores
 Miembro y director (1987-1992) de la Holzwirte Federal alemán (BDH)
 Miembro de la "Sociedad Alemana para la Investigación de la Madera (DGfH)" - miembro del Comité Permanente de la FA-1 "Investigación Biológica de madera"
 Miembro de la "Asociación Internacional de Anatomistas de la madera (IAWA)", y consejero editorial de esa organización
 Miembro de la Academia Internacional de Ciencias de la Madera (IAWS)
 Asesor de proyectos de asistencia técnica y educativa bilateral e internacional: Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay, México, Malasia, Indonesia y otros
 Miembro permanente del "Comité Científico, Técnico" de ATIBT (Asociación Técnica de la Organización Internacional de Maderas Tropicales (asiento en París)
 Coordinador del proyecto de investigación de la UE: "Technology for high quality products from Robinia pseudoacacia; Universidad de Hamburgo

Referencias

 Zander, R; F Encke, AFG Buchheim, SG Seybold (eds.) Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen. 13ª ed. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-8001-5042-5

Enlaces externos

Agrónomos de Alemania
Botánicos de Alemania del siglo XXI
Silvicultores de Alemania
Escritores en alemán del siglo XXI
Plantas descritas por H.G.Richt.

Hans Georg Richter


Huambo, formerly Nova Lisboa (English: New Lisbon), is the third-most populous city in Angola, after the capital city Luanda and Lubango, with a population of 595,304 in the city and a population of 713,134 in the municipality of Huambo (Census 2014). The city is the capital of the province of Huambo and is located about 220 km E from Benguela and 600 km SE from Luanda. Huambo is a main hub on the Caminho de Ferro de Benguela (CFB) (the Benguela Railway), which runs from the port of Lobito to the Democratic Republic of the Congo's southernmost province, Katanga. Huambo is served by the Albano Machado Airport (formerly Nova Lisboa Airport).

History

Early history
Huambo receives its name from Wambu, one of the 14 old Ovimbundu kingdoms of the central Angolan plateau. The Ovimbundu, an ethnic group that originally arrived from Eastern Africa, had founded their central kingdom of Bailundu as early as the 15th century. Wambu was one of the smaller kingdoms and was hierarchically under the king of Bailundu, though it enjoyed a considerable degree of independence.

Whereas Bailundo is mentioned in some 18th and 19th-century chronicles in connection to a trading route linking it with Viye (Bie), Wambu was only really known with the advent of the construction of the Benguela Railway by the Portuguese. Though the kings of Bailundu and Wambu (particularly Ekuikui II and Katiavala I) opposed the penetration of the railway by ambushing workers and settlers, they were eventually subdued by the Portuguese Army and Huambo was officially founded on 8 August 1912 by the Governor-General of Angola Norton de Matos.

The origin of Huambo and the economic importance it reached under Portuguese administration is very closely linked to the construction of the Caminho de Ferro de Benguela (Benguela Railway), which had started in the coastal town of Lobito in 1902. This railroad had been devised by the British entrepreneur Sir Robert Williams as the easiest and cheapest way to link the rich copper mines of Katanga, in Belgian Congo, with a point on the coast from which the mineral could be exported. The Lobito bay was admittedly the best natural seaport in the whole continent.

The construction of the railway initially advanced with great difficulty, due to the ruggedness of the terrain, the prevalence of malaria and, to some extent, the resistance of the natives. Huambo was found to be a strategic place for many reasons. A benign climate (greatly due to its high altitude, 1,700m) and the presence of abundant water resources in and around made of it an ideal spot to have a hub on the railway. Once this was achieved, the works progressed comparatively faster and the link with the Belgian Congo border was completed in 1929. By then Huambo had become the site of the most important railway workshop in Africa.

By the 1920s Huambo already was one of the main economic engines of Portuguese Angola. It had some important food processing plants, served as the main exporting point for the Province's considerable agricultural wealth and was also known by its numerous educational facilities, especially the Agricultural Research Institute (currently part of the College of Agricultural Science).

In 1928 Huambo was renamed Nova Lisboa (New Lisbon, after Lisbon the capital of Portugal), indicating that the colonial administration intended making of it at some point the capital of the colony.

In 1966, the graduations in Veterinary Medicine, Agronomy and Forestry of the General University Studies of Angola (University of Angola, from 1968) are installed in Nova Lisboa.

In motorsports, by the late 1960s, the city of Nova Lisboa had become internationally renowned for its International Nova Lisboa 6 Hours sports car race. Until the independence of Angola in 1975, the city of Nova Lisboa expanded and its economic growth and development boomed, making it one of the most important urban centres in the then Portuguese Overseas Province of Angola.

Post-independence

After independence from Portugal in 1975, Nova Lisboa was given back its original name – Huambo. The Angolan Civil War from 1975 until 2002 halted Angola's and Huambo's development, destroying a great part of its infrastructure.

Huambo became the site of the brutal 55 Day War and other battles during the bloody civil war between the MPLA and UNITA, that lasted from independence in 1975 until the death of rebel UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi in 2002.  The city was besieged, extensively damaged, and its civilians were massacred en-masse or fled the city.

Upon independence in 1975, Savimbi declared Huambo to be the capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola, as UNITA's rival to the MPLA's People's Republic of Angola. However, the MPLA took the city back on 8 February 1976 with the help of Cuban troops, though most of the surrounding areas remained under UNITA control.

By mid-1976 the Cuban expeditionary force had established its most important structures in the Province of Huambo in the areas of São Pedro, Lufefena, and Cruzeiro, and strong garrisons in most of the other municipal capitals and main towns, but UNITA had the control of nearly all of the territory in between.

Displaced people started concentrating in towns, seeking physical protection and humanitarian assistance. In this context, one of the first humanitarian agencies to arrive in the Province of Huambo was the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in 1979.

In 1984 the conflict escalated dramatically, and so did displacement into towns. A major relief operation was launched in the capitals of the Central Plateau and in a good number of the municipalities still accessible by plane.  By then the largest part of the roads were controlled by UNITA and heavily mined.

In May 1991 a peace agreement was reached between the MPLA and UNITA. United Nations agencies and NGOs progressively moved in between mid-1991 and 1992.  The situation gradually improved and general elections were called for in September 1992.  But trouble set off as soon as the results of the polls were disseminated. Unrest arrived to Huambo very rapidly, as UNITA considered the Province in a way as their political shrine. They concentrated in the town most of their leaders and a large section of their troops soon after the defeat in the elections was made public.

The city would still be formally under the control of the MPLA government, but tension progressively built-up due to increasing violent actions.  By the end of 1992 all foreign aid agencies had withdrawn from Huambo.  UNITA took full control of the town in the course of horrendous street-to-street battles that started just after Christmas 1992 and reached its climax by mid-January in 1993. Violent combats in and around Huambo lasted for 55 days, until the MPLA Government troops withdrew and UNITA gained full control of the city. Most other cities in the Central Plateau were also occupied by UNITA at the time.

The armed conflict flared up again in August 1994. A large offensive gave back to the Government the control of Huambo on 9 November, and soon after all other provincial capitals. The UNITA headquarters was then moved to Jamba in the province of Kuando Kubango.

The war ended formally on November 20, 1994 with the signature of the Lusaka Protocol. To a great extent this step meant a move towards normalcy, and was received in Huambo with moderate optimism. UNITA moved again its headquarters soon after signing the protocol, this time to Bailundo, some 50 km north of the provincial capital.  This relocation raised serious concerns among most observers.

By 1995 free transit of people and goods was quite reestablished in the Province.  By the end of the year the United Nations peacekeepers (UNAVEM III) had been deployed in Huambo, following the provisions of the Lusaka Protocol. 1996 and 1997 were years of relative improvement of the living conditions of civilians in Huambo, although return movements were only moderate, reconstruction slow and commercial activities did not regain their past vigor.

After the United Nations Security Council enforced sanctions against UNITA (29 October 1997), because of delays in the implementation of the Lusaka Protocol and reluctance to demilitarize and turn over its strongholds, insecurity in Huambo increased gradually, especially in the second half of 1998. In early December the Government launched an offensive aimed at taking the last strongholds held by UNITA in Huambo and Kuito, this new war outbreak soon extending to other regions of the country.

Huge population displacements started once again from the rural areas to Huambo, Kuito and Caala.  Large camps of internally displaced people were then installed in these cities as the Humanitarian Community was forced to retire out of UNITA-controlled areas, withdrawing completely by the end of the year and concentrating in Huambo, Caala, and later, Ukuma.

The security situation got extremely volatile.  As Huambo and other major towns in the Plateau were being shelled from Bailundo and other positions still in possession of UNITA, two C-130 Hercules aircraft chartered by the United Nations with 23 people on board were shot down over Vila Nova (Dec. 26, 1998 and Jan. 2, 1999), as they were trying to evacuate to Luanda the last remains of the UNAVEM III mission in Huambo.

The Government retook the town of Bailundo in October 1999. Londuimbali, Vila Nova and some other large towns in the Province were already under the rule of the Government, and in December 1999 the administration of the state had been reestablished in all municipal capitals.  In this period the conventional war that the Province had known gave way to guerrilla warfare, UNITA still controlling most rural areas and randomly striking military or police installations of the Government, and often civilian communities too.

The exodus of civilians into Huambo and Caála experienced a new boom.

21st century

In early 2000 there were over 25,000 displaced people in the village of Caala, and over 40,000 in Huambo town. As international sanctions tightened around UNITA, their military actions in Huambo got more frequent and destructive, reaching a peak of violence by the end of 2000.

In October 2001 the Government launched a renewed offensive against UNITA from the North and the South of the Province, combining this time strict military action with what were known as operações de limpeza, literally, cleansing operations which consisted in removing from rural areas large groups of population which were subsequently forced into a few, specific concentration points.  The idea behind this strategy was depriving the guerrilla of the potential support it may still find in the villages they formerly controlled in the bush, making their natural habitat unlivable.

In the short term this resulted in renewed pressure over available resources in safe areas of the city and Province of Huambo, and in many cases in the death by starvation of groups trapped by the conflict or impeded to reach any of those zones. This point probably represents the climax in the hardship the rural civilian population went through in the Province of Huambo for the duration of the war.

The death of Jonas Savimbi in February 2002 and the subsequent signature of a new cease-fire brought back tranquility to the Province,  set the conditions for the present ongoing peace process, and the beginning of an era of development.

The advent of peace brought a new era of reconstruction and regeneration in Huambo, and across Angola.

Geography
Situated in the Angolan central highlands, Huambo is located near the headwaters of the Cunene River. The elevation of Huambo is  as it is on a high plateau.

Climate
Huambo features a subtropical highland climate (Köppen: Cwb), with a wet season from October through April and a dry season between May and September. Despite its location in the tropics, due to its high altitude, Huambo features mild, spring-like temperatures throughout the course of the year, a characteristic common among cities with this climate. September is the warmest month with a mean of , and June is the coolest month with a mean of  The city sees plentiful precipitation during the course of the year, averaging nearly  of rain, although because of the dry season May to September receives significantly less precipitation, with June and July receiving no rain at all. Due to the higher altitude, temperatures in Huambo are only slightly higher than in city of Pretoria located almost 2000 km further south-east. There is more sunshine in the dry season (particularly June and July) than the wet season, and Huambo receives 2273 hours of sunshine in total.

Education and science
Huambo is home to two public higher education institutions, namely the José Eduardo dos Santos University and the Higher Institute of Education Sciences of Huambo. There are also the headquarters of the Veterinary Research Institute and the Agricultural Research Institute, dedicated solely to research and extension.

Notable residents
Lúcio Lara (1929–2016) Angolan politician
Gabriela Antunes (1937–2004) Angolan writer

References

External links

Municipalities of Angola
Provincial capitals in Angola
1912 establishments in Angola
Populated places established in 1912

Huambo


عمرو النادي هو سائق دراجات مصري محترف وفائز بسباق مصر الدولي للدراجات عام 2001.
شارك «عمرو النادى» أولمبياد 2000 الصيفية في سباق الدراجات وحصل على المركز 36

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
دراجون أولمبيون من مصر
دراجون في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2000
دراجون مصريون
مواليد 1395 هـ

عمرو النادي


Richard Oswald (5 de noviembre de 1880 – 11 de septiembre de 1963), registrado al nacer como Richard W. Ornstein, fue un director y guionista cinematográfico austriaco de origen judío.

Biografía
Nacido en Viena, Austria, su verdadero nombre era Richard W. Ornstein. Oswald inició su carrera artística como actor en el circuito teatral vienés, y debutó como director cinematográfico a los 34 años de edad con el filme Das Eiserne Kreuz (1914). En 1916 Oswald puso en marcha su propia productora en Alemania, escribiendo y dirigiendo la mayor parte de sus películas. Antes de 1920 hizo adaptaciones de obras literarias como El retrato de Dorian Gray (1917), Peer Gynt (1918), y La vuelta al mundo en ochenta días (1919).

Oswald dirigió cerca de 100 películas. Algunos críticos sugieren que Oswald era prolífico, aunque no tenía una gran calidad como director. Sin embargo, filmes como su cinta de terror de 1932 Unheimliche Geschichten, producida nada menos que por Gabriel Pascal, parecen refutar esa afirmación, y es actualmente considerada como un clásico olvidado.

Oswald era judío, por lo que se vio forzado a huir de la Alemania nazi, yendo primero a la ocupada Francia y después a los Estados Unidos. Su última producción fue The Lovable Cheat (1949), una adaptación económica pero de calidad de una historia de Honorato de Balzac, con un gran reparto que incluía a Charles Ruggles, Alan Mowbray y Buster Keaton.

Oswald falleció en Düsseldorf, Alemania, en 1963.

Selección de su filmografía
Anders als die Andern (1919)
 Carlos and Elisabeth (1924)
 Der Hund von Baskerville (1929)
 Dreyfus (1930)
 Viktoria und ihr Husar (1932)
 Die Blume von Hawaii (1933)
 Isle of Missing Men (1942)
 I Was a Criminal (1945)
 The Lovable Cheat (1949)

Enlaces externos

 Biografía

Guionistas de cine de Austria
Directores de cine de Austria
Nacidos en Viena
Fallecidos en Düsseldorf

Richard Oswald


Diptychophora galvani é uma espécie de traças pertencente à família Crambidae. Mede cerca de um centímetro de envergadura, e é facilmente distinguida de todas as espécies semelhantes, pelo padrão de cores de suas asas anteriores, alaranjadas nas bases e pontas, com uma grande mancha cinza ao meio; um padrão não encontrado em nenhuma outra espécie de Diptychophora. A fêmea tem asas posteriores acinzentadas, enquanto no macho são inteiramente brancas. A genitália do macho e da fêmea também são bastante diferentes das de outras espécies deste gênero. A biologia desta espécie – inclusive qual a planta hospedeira do estágio larval – ainda é inteiramente desconhecida, embora algumas espécies da tribo Diptychophorini sejam conhecidas por se alimentarem de musgos.

Diptychophora galvani é conhecida apenas do Brasil, onde foi coletada nos Estados de Mato Grosso e Minas Gerais, a 700-800 m de altitude. Habita a ecorregião do Cerrado, composta por matas de galeria e savanas, com estação seca. Foi coletada pela primeira vez em 1982 por Vitor O. Becker, mas sua descrição por Bernard Landry e Becker só foi publicada em 2021. Seu epíteto específico, galvani, homenageia Ricardo Galvão, físico brasileiro que dirigiu o Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais do Brasil, e foi demitido em 2019 por se opor publicamente ao presidente brasileiro Jair Bolsonaro, um notório negacionista no que se refere a mudanças climáticas. Este último alegou que os dados produzidos pelo Instituto, que demonstram o aumento substancial do desmatamento da Floresta Amazônica após sua ascensão ao poder, incluindo incêndios devastadores em 2019, eram falsos. Os descritores da espécie dedicam a espécie a Galvão por "sua coragem diante da adversidade profissional", mas também porque a cor das asas da borboleta lembra a dos incêndios florestais. A mariposa é nomeada "espécie do ano 2022 da Swiss Systematics Society".

Descrição
Diptychophora galvani mede 10–12 mm de envergadura, com asas anteriores de 4,5 mm de comprimento no macho e 5,0–5,5 mm na fêmea. A espécie é facilmente distinguida de todas as outras espécies semelhantes ao gênero Diptychophora pelo notável padrão de suas asas anteriores, que apresentam duas grandes áreas alaranjadas, uma distal (na ponta da asa) e outra proximal (na base da asa), esta última delimitada por grossas linhas marrom-escuras. Essas duas áreas laranja são separadas por uma grande seção mediana cinza (meio). As asas posteriores são brancas nos machos e acinzentadas nas fêmeas.

Em relação à genitália do macho, o uncus alongado que se funde com o tegumen é uma característica diagnóstica única. Na fêmea, a bolsa copuladora é adornada com dois elementos esclerotizados (os signa bursae) – um muito grande e em forma de crescente ou bumerangue, enquanto o outro é pequeno, alongado-arredondado e dobrado. Esta morfologia não é encontrada em nenhuma outra espécie do gênero Diptychophora.

Ecologia
Os espécimes disponíveis para a descrição da espécie foram atraídos pela luz noturna com uma lâmpada de vapor de mercúrio. Diptychophora galvani é conhecido apenas na fase adulta. Assim como nos casos de todas as espécies de Diptychophora, nenhuma planta hospedeira é conhecida. A única informação disponível sobre o pabulum das lagartas da tribo Diptychophorini diz respeito a três espécies do gênero Glaucocharis na Nova Zelândia que se alimentam de musgos.

Distribuição e habitat

O espécime de Diptychophora galvani descrito foi coletado no município brasileiro de Chapada dos Guimarães, em Mato Grosso, à altitude de 800 m; a série-tipo também inclui espécimes de Unaí, em Minas Gerais, encontrados à altitude de 700 m. O habitat da espécie é o Cerrado, uma importante ecorregião do Brasil localizada entre a Floresta Amazônica e a Mata Atlântica. A região é caracterizada por secas sazonais e é composta por savanas mais ou menos arborizadas, zonas úmidas e matas de galeria, em solos pobres e ácidos. Os espécimes conhecidos de Diptychophora galvani foram coletados ao longo de matas de galeria.

Taxonomia

A espécie Diptychophora galvani foi descrita por Bernard Landry e Vitor O. Becker, em 2021, com base em espécimes coletados por Becker em 1982, 1983 e 1986. A série-tipo inclui duas fêmeas (incluindo o holótipo) e dois machos. As duas fêmeas e um macho estão depositados na coleção pessoal de Becker (coletando os números de eventos 106575, 49809 e 49079), e um macho (MHNG-ENTO-84604) da localidade do tipo está depositado no Museu de História Natural de Genebra, na Suíça. Duas outras espécies brasileiras de Diptychophora, D. planaltina e D. ardalia, foram descritas na mesma publicação.

O nome do gênero Diptychophora vem do grego antigo e significa "que tem duas dobras", possivelmente em referência às duas constrições nas extremidades da asa anterior, próximo ao ápice, característica identificada no diagnóstico da descrição original do gênero, pelo entomólogo alemão Philipp Christoph Zeller.

O epíteto da espécie galvani refere-se a Ricardo Galvão, físico e ex-diretor do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). Galvão se opôs ao presidente do Brasil Jair Bolsonaro quando este alegou – em uma coletiva de imprensa internacional pública – que os dados de 2019 fornecidos pelo INPE, sobre o aumento substancial do desmatamento na floresta amazônica desde a eleição de Bolsonaro em 2018, eram falsos. Certo da veracidade e qualidade dos dados, como diretor do INPE, Galvão desafiou Bolsonaro a provar sua afirmação em discussão presencial. O desafio não foi aceito e Galvão foi demitido da diretoria do INPE. O físico recebeu então o apoio da comunidade científica; a revista Nature o colocou entre "as 10 pessoas relevantes para a ciência" em 2019, por sua defesa da ciência contra os ataques do governo brasileiro, e a Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência concedeu a ele seu Prêmio de Responsabilidade e Liberdade Científica de 2021. Os descritores de Diptychophora galvani dedicaram a espécie a Galvão por "sua coragem diante da adversidade profissional", e também porque as cores das asas anteriores da mariposa lembram os devastadores incêndios florestais amazônicos demonstrados pelos dados do INPE.

Na cultura
Em fevereiro de 2022, Diptychophora galvani foi nomeada "espécie do ano 2022 da Swiss Systematics Society", entre 158 espécies descritas por taxonomistas residentes na Suíça em 2021.

Bibliografia

Ligações externas
Diptychophora galvani Landry & Becker, 2021, GBIF

Crambidae

Diptychophora galvani


Joseph Black (16 April 1728 – 6 December 1799) was a Scottish physicist and chemist, known for his discoveries of magnesium, latent heat, specific heat, and carbon dioxide. He was Professor of Anatomy and Chemistry at the University of Glasgow for 10 years from 1756, and then Professor of Medicine and Chemistry at the University of Edinburgh from 1766, teaching and lecturing there for more than 30 years.

The chemistry buildings at both the University of Edinburgh and the University of Glasgow are named after Black.

Early life and education
Black was born "on the banks of the river Garonne" in Bordeaux, France, the sixth of the 12 children of Margaret Gordon (d. 1747) and John Black. His mother was from an Aberdeenshire family that had connections with the wine business and his father was from Belfast, Ireland, and worked as a factor in the wine trade. He was educated at home until the age of 12, after which he attended grammar school in Belfast. In 1746, at the age of 18, he entered the University of Glasgow, studying there for four years before spending another four at the University of Edinburgh, furthering his medical studies. During his studies he wrote a doctorate thesis on the treatment of kidney stones with the salt magnesium carbonate.

Scientific Studies

Chemical principles
Like most 18th-century experimentalists, Black's conceptualisation of chemistry was based on five principles of matter: Water, Salt, Earth, Fire and Metal. He added the principle of Air when his experiments showed the presence of carbon dioxide, which he called fixed air, thus contributing to pneumatic chemistry.

Black's research was guided by questions relating to how the principles combined with each other in various different forms and mixtures.  He used the term affinity to describe the force that held such combinations together. Throughout his career he used a variety of diagrams and formulas to teach his University of Edinburgh students how to manipulate affinity through different kinds of experimentation.

Analytical balance

In about 1750, while still a student, Black developed the analytical balance based on a light-weight beam balanced on a wedge-shaped fulcrum. Each arm carried a pan on which the sample or standard weights was placed. It far exceeded the accuracy of any other balance of the time and became an important scientific instrument in most chemistry laboratories.

Latent heat

In 1757, Black was appointed Regius Professor of the Practice of Medicine at the University of Glasgow.

In 1761, he deduced that the application of heat to ice at its melting point does not cause a rise in temperature of the ice/water mixture, but rather an increase in the amount of water in the mixture. Additionally, Black observed that the application of heat to boiling water does not result in a rise in temperature of a water/steam mixture, but rather an increase in the amount of steam. From these observations, he concluded that the heat applied must have combined with the ice particles and boiling water and become latent.

The theory of latent heat marks the beginning of thermodynamics. Black's theory of latent heat was one of his more-important scientific contributions, and one on which his scientific fame chiefly rests. He also showed that different substances have different specific heats.

The theory ultimately proved important not only in the development of abstract science but in the development of the steam engine. Black and James Watt became friends after meeting around 1757 while both were at Glasgow. Black provided significant financing and other support for Watt's early research in steam power. Black's discovery of the latent heat of water would have been interesting to Watt, informing his attempts to improve the efficiency of the steam engine invented by Thomas Newcomen and develop the science of thermodynamics.

Carbon dioxide
Black also explored the properties of a gas produced in various reactions. He found that limestone (calcium carbonate) could be heated or treated with acids to yield a gas he called "fixed air." He observed that the fixed air was denser than air and did not support either flame or animal life. Black also found that when bubbled through an aqueous solution of lime (calcium hydroxide), it would precipitate calcium carbonate. He used this phenomenon to illustrate that carbon dioxide is produced by animal respiration and microbial fermentation.

Professorship
In 1766, treading in the footsteps of his friend and former teacher at the University of Glasgow, Black succeeded William Cullen as Professor of Medicine and Chemistry at the University of Edinburgh (Cullen had moved to Edinburgh in 1755). His position at Glasgow University was filled by Alexander Stevenson.

At this point he gave up research and devoted himself exclusively to teaching. In this he was successful with audience attendance at his lectures increasing from year to year for more than thirty years. His lectures had a powerful effect in popularising chemistry and attendance at them even came to be a fashionable amusement.

Black was widely recognised as one of the most popular lecturers at the University. His chemistry course regularly attracted an exceptionally high number of students, with many attending two or three times. In addition to regularly introducing cutting-edge topics and meticulously selecting visually impressive experiments, Black employed a wide array of successful teaching tools that made chemistry accessible to his students (many of whom were as young as 14 years old). His students came from across the United Kingdom, its colonies and Europe, and hundreds of them preserved his lectures in their notebooks and disseminated his ideas after they left university.

On 17 November 1783 he became one of the founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. From 1788 to 1790 he was President of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. He was a member of the revision committee for the editions of the college's Pharmacopoeia Edinburgensis of 1774, 1783, and 1794. Black was appointed principal physician to King George III in Scotland.

Black's research and teaching were reduced as a result of poor health. From 1793 his health declined further and he gradually withdrew from his teaching duties. In 1795, Charles Hope was appointed his coadjutor in his professorship, and in 1797, he lectured for the last time.

Personal life

Black was a member of The Poker Club. He was 1st cousin, great friend and colleague to Adam Ferguson FRSE who married his niece Katherine Burnett in 1767, and associated with David Hume, Adam Smith, and the literati of the Scottish Enlightenment. He was also close to pioneering geologist James Hutton.

In 1773 he is listed as living on College Wynd on the south side of the Old Town. In the 1790s, he used Sylvan House in Sciennes as a summer retreat. A plaque, unveiled in 1991, commemorates his occupancy of the house.

Black never married. He died peacefully at his home 12 Nicolson Street in south Edinburgh in 1799 at the age of 71 and is buried in Greyfriars Kirkyard. The large monument lies in the sealed section to the south-west known as the Covenanter's Prison.

In 2011, scientific equipment believed to belong to Black was discovered during an archaeological dig at the University of Edinburgh.

His house, a flat at 12 Nicolson Street very close to the Old College, still exists, but lacks any plaque to indicate his presence.

See also
Calorimetry
Heat
Pneumatic chemistry
Thermochemistry

References

Further reading

External links

 Black's experiments on Alkaline Substances
 Joseph Black – Biographical information
 Lectures on the elements of chemistry, delivered in the University of Edinburgh (1804)

1728 births
1799 deaths
18th-century Scottish scientists
Scottish physicists
Scottish chemists
Thermodynamicists
People of the Industrial Revolution
Academics of the University of Glasgow
Ulster Scots people
Scientists from Glasgow
Irish physicists
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
18th-century Scottish medical doctors
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Founder Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Members of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
Burials at Greyfriars Kirkyard
Enlightenment scientists
Industrial gases
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

Joseph Black


Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira (12. september 1902 – 22. ágúst 1976), einnig kallaður JK, var brasilískur stjórnmálamaður og læknir sem var 21. forseti Brasilíu frá 1956 til 1961. Stjórnartíð hans einkenndist af efnahagsfarsæld og pólitískum stöðugleika. Kubitschek er sér í lagi þekktur fyrir að hafa skipað byggingu nýrrar höfuðborgar, Brasilíu.

Æviágrip
Juscelino Kubitschek var kominn af tékkneskum innflytjendum. Faðir hans lést þegar hann var barnungur en móðir hans, sem var kennslukona, sá til þess að hann gengi menntaveginn þrátt fyrir að hún ætti erfitt með að kosta hann til náms. Kubitschek byrjaði að vinna fyrir sér strax og hann hafði aldur til og vann samhliða námi sem símritari í nokkur ár. Hann lauk læknisprófi þegar hann var 25 ára gamall og fór síðan í framhaldsnám í París, Berlín og Vín.

Þegar Kubitschek sneri heim úr náminu settist hann að í Belo Horizonte, höfuðborg fylkisins Minas Gerais. Hann vann þar aðallega við skurðlækningar og var talinn einn færasti skurðlæknir landsins. Hann hafði ekki haft mikinn áhuga á stjórnmálum á námsárum sínum en þetta breyttist þegar Getúlio Vargas komst til valda í Brasilíu á fjórða áratugnum. Kubitschek hreifst af Vargas, sér í lagi af aðgerðum hans til að koma á umbótum í þágu landbúnaðarverkafólks. Hann hætti því læknastörfum og hóf feril í stjórnmálum. Kubitschek varð fyrst fulltrúi fylkisstjórans í Minas Gerais, svo þingmaður og þar næst borgarstjóri í Belo Horizonte. Loks varð hann fylkisstjóri Minas Gerais.

Kubitschek gat sér gott orð sem borgarstjóri og fylkisstjóri í Minas Gerais. Stjórn hans þótti umbótasinnuð og atorkusöm, sér í lagi í menntamálum, heilbrigðismálum og öðrum félagsmálum.

Getúlio Vargas fyrirfór sér árið 1954 og fráfall hans skildi eftir sig tómarúm meðal stuðningsmanna hans. Enginn þótti sjálfsagður arftaki hans sem leiðtogi Jafnaðarmannaflokks Vargasar en að endingu var það Kubitschek sem var valinn sem forsetaefni hans í næstu kosningum, sem voru haldnar þann 3. október 1955. Í kosningunum voru fjórir í framboði og Kubitschek hlaut þeirra flest atkvæði, eða alls 3.600.000 sem nam 36 prósentum. Hann var þar með kjörinn forseti Brasilíu.

Tilteknir aðilar innan Brasilíu vildu ekki að Kubitschek tæki við forsetaembætti þar sem hann var náinn Vargas, sem hafði komist upp á kant við brasilíska herinn á síðustu valdaárum sínum. Jafnframt stóð þeim uggur af nýkjörnum varaforseta, João Goulart, sem var talinn langt til vinstri og hafði notið stuðnings kommúnista í kosningunum. Fráfarandi forsetinn Café Filho var meðal þeirra sem vildu koma í veg fyrir embættistöku Kubitscheks en brasilíski herinn undir forystu Henrique Teixeira Lott hershöfðingja skarst í leikinn og veik Filho og fylgismönnum hans úr embætti stuttu fyrir lok kjörtímabilsins til að tryggja að Kubitschek gæti tekið við forsetaembættinu.

Kunnasta verkið sem unnið var á forsetatíð Kubitschek var bygging nýrrar höfuðborgar, Brasilíu, í stað gömlu höfuðborgarinnar Rio de Janeiro. Hugmyndin um að hvetja Brasilíumenn til að flytja til vesturhluta landsins með því að flytja höfuðborgina þangað hafði fyrst komið fram þegar Brasilía varð lýðveldi árið 1889 en Kubitschek var ákveðinn í að gera hugmyndina að veruleika. Þegar hann tók við embætti árið 1956 lofaði Kubitschek því að hann hefja starfið við byggingu nýju höfuðborgarinnar strax á næsta ári.

Arkitektinn Oscar Niemeyer var fenginn til að hanna flestar byggingar borgarinnar í nútímalegum stíl. Undir lok embættistíðar Kubitschek var búið að færa byggingar ríkisstjórnarinnar til Brasilíu og ljúka um þriðjungi heildarframkvæmdanna.

Kubitschek var þakkað fyrir mesta uppgangstímann í sögu Brasilíu fram til hans tíma en stjórnarhættir hans voru einnig tengdir við óðaverðbólgu sem fylgdi í kjölfarið. Kubitschek lét af völdum eftir kjörtímabil sitt árið 1961 við miklar vinsældir en eftir embættistíð hans varð til mikill pólitískur óstöðugleiki í Brasilíu sem stuðlaði að því að brasilískir herforingjar frömdu valdarán árið 1964. Kubitschek hugðist bjóða sig aftur fram til forseta í næstu kosningum en nýja herforingjastjórnin lét svipta hann kjörgengi í tíu ár og banna starfsemi stjórnmálaflokka.

Fyrrum forsetinn Kubitschek var áfram vinsæll leiðtogi stjórnarandstöðunnar á tíma einræðisins í Brasilíu. Kubitschek lést þann 22. ágúst árið 1976 þegar rúta keyrði á bifreið hans á hraðbraut í Rio de Janeiro. Atvikið var talið slys en árið 2013 leiddi rannsóknarnefnd líkur að því að Kubitschek hefði verið myrtur og að bílstjóri rútunnar hefði fengið borgað fyrir að gangast við ábyrgð á dauða hans. Árið 2014 ályktaði sannleiksnefnd hins vegar að dauði Kubitschek hefði verið slys.

Tilvísanir

Forsetar Brasilíu

Juscelino Kubitschek


Michael Jan De Goeje (født 13. august 1836 i Dronrijp i Friesland, død 16. april 1909 i Leyden) var en hollandsk orientalist.

Efter 1854-60 at have studeret orientalske sprog i Leyden blev han bibliotekar ved Leydens Universitetsbibliotek og fuldendte her den af Reinhart Dozy begyndte katalog over dettes østerlandske håndskrifter. Fra 1866 var han ekstraordinær professor i arabisk ved Leydens Universitet og 1869-1906 ordentlig professor, fra 1869 var han medlem af Videnskabernes Akademi i Amsterdam. Han har udgivet mange arabiske geografiske værker; de fleste i Bibliotheca geographicorum arabicorum (8 bind, 1870-94), hvor særlig de ældste arabiske geografiske skrifter er samlede. Tidligere havde de Goeje udgivet Mémoires d'histoire et de géographie orientales (1862-64), hvoraf en anden omarbejdet udgave udkom 1886. Da den arabiske håndskriftsamling i biblioteket i Leyden var vokset stærkt i de senere år, udarbejdede han en ny Catalogus codicum arabicorum, hvoraf 1. del (af de Goeje og Houtsma) udkom 1888. de Goeje ledede ligeledes udgivelsen af Tabari (1879- 1901), ligesom han også har skrevet talrige afhandlinger i forskellige videnskabelige akademiers skrifter og i orientalske tidsskrifter, blandt andet et skrift om Oxus' gamle flodseng Amu Darja.

Kilder

Orientalister fra Holland
Professorer fra Nederlandene
Ansatte ved Leidens Universitet
Bibliotekarer
Nederlændere i 1800-tallet
Nederlændere i 1900-tallet
Æresdoktorer ved University of Cambridge

Michael Jan de Goeje


El Almendro, Huelva, İspanya'nın on yedi özerk bölgesinden en çok nüfusa sahip olan, ülkenin güneybatı köşesindeki Endülüs otonom bölgesinin 8 eyaletinden Portekiz ve Atlas Okyanusu'na kıyısı bulunan Huelva eyaletine bağlı belediyesi. El Almendro, Huelva belediyesinin nüfusu, 2005 yılı nüfus sayımlarına göre 831 kişidir.

El Almendro, Huelva


El nombre Santiago del Nuevo Extremo puede referirse a:

 Primer nombre que recibió Santiago de Chile capital de Chile, luego de ser fundada por Pedro de Valdivia el 12 de febrero de 1541.
 Santiago del Nuevo Extremo, agrupación musical chilena de fusión latinoamericana.

Santiago del Nuevo Extremo


Connect (, ) é uma futura série de televisão via streaming sul-coreana, dirigida por Takashi Miike, estrelada por Jung Hae-in, Go Kyung-pyo e Kim Hye-jun. Baseado em um webtoon de mesmo nome, a série retrata uma história misteriosa que ocorre quando um homem que foi privado de uma parte de seu corpo por caçadores de órgãos, se conecta com uma pessoa que recebeu um transplante de órgão. Estreou no Disney+ em 7 de dezembro de 2022.

Sinopse
Um novo ser humano, Connect, que tem um corpo imortal, foi sequestrado por uma organização de tráfico de órgãos. No meio da cirurgia, ele de repente acorda em uma mesa de operação e consegue escapar com o único olho restante. Então ele descobre que ainda pode ver de seu olho perdido, que agora foi transplantado para um serial killer que fez muito barulho na Coréia. Determinado a recuperar o que foi levado, Dong-soo persegue o assassino para se recuperar.

Elenco
 Jung Hae-in como Ha Dong-soo,  um humanoide imortal que perdeu um olho.
 Go Kyung-pyo como Oh Jin-seok,  um serial killer que recebeu um transplante de olho de Connect.
 Kim Hye-jun como Lee I-rang,  um ajudante misterioso que conhece o segredo de Connect
 Kim Roi-ha como Detetive Choi
 Jang Gwang

Episódios

Produção
Em junho de 2021, o Studio Dragon anunciou que estava se preparando para produzir um novo drama intitulado Connect com o diretor japonês Takashi Miike. A série é o primeiro drama sul-coreano a ser produzido por um diretor japonês.

Em janeiro de 2022, foi relatado que as filmagens da série estavam em andamento. As filmagens supostamente terminaram em março de 2022.

Lançamento
A série estreou no 27º Festival Internacional de Cinema de Busan na "Seção Onscreen" em 6 de outubro de 2022, onde os três primeiros episódios foram exibidos.

Todos os 6 episódios de Connect serão lançados em 7 de dezembro internacionalmente no Disney+ via hub Star, no Star+ na América Latina, no Hulu nos Estados Unidos e no Disney+ Hotstar.

Ligações externas

 Connect no Daum

Programas de televisão da Coreia do Sul que estrearam em 2022
Séries de televisão de fantasia da Coreia do Sul
Séries de televisão de mistério da Coreia do Sul
Séries de televisão de suspense da Coreia do Sul
Programas de televisão produzidos pelo Studio Dragon
Programas de televisão em língua coreana
Programação original do Star (Disney+)

Connect (série de televisão)


An Skeptrostachys balanophorostachya in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach ngan Johannes Eugen ius Bülow Warming, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Leslie Andrew Garay. An Skeptrostachys balanophorostachya in nahilalakip ha genus nga Skeptrostachys, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Skeptrostachys

Skeptrostachys balanophorostachya


El antiintelectualismo es la hostilidad y desconfianza hacia el intelecto, los intelectuales y la actividad intelectual, generalmente, expresadas en escarnio de la educación, filosofía, literatura, arte y ciencia como poco prácticas y despreciables. Alternativamente, los autodenominados intelectuales, que supuestamente no logren asimilar los rigurosos estándares académicos, pueden ser descritos como antiintelectuales. Los antiintelectuales se suelen percibir y presentarse públicamente como defensores de la gente común —populistas contra elitismo político y académico— al proponer que los educadores son una clase social distante de las preocupaciones cotidianas de la mayoría, dominando el discurso político y la educación superior.

Como el término «antiintelectual» suele ser peyorativo, definir casos específicos de antiintelectualismo puede ser problemático; se pueden objetar aspectos específicos del intelectualismo o la aplicación de estos sin ser despectivos de las actividades intelectuales en general. Por otra parte, las acusaciones de antiintelectualismo pueden constituir un argumento de autoridad o un recurso al ridículo que intentan desacreditar a un oponente en lugar de tratar específicamente sus argumentos.

Isaac Asimov definió el antiintelectualismo de la siguiente manera:

Por su parte —y desde la perspectiva de un humanismo socialista—, E. P. Thompson consideró que el antiintelectualismo, al desconfiar de la común capacidad humana para intervenir de forma racional en la vida pública, constituía una amenaza para la democracia real e implicaba la defensa de un modelo político basado en legitimar la exclusividad de una determinada élite a la hora de tomar las decisiones que afectan a toda la comunidad, según dicha hipótesis de una presunta incapacidad o alienación de aquellos a quienes se dice representar.

Tres tipos de antiintelectualismo
Según el trabajo realizado por Richard Hofstadter, Dabiel J. Rigney y Diane S. Claussen, existen tres tipos de antiintelectualismo:

 Antiintelectualismo religioso: Considera que las emociones son lo más importante, son cálidas, buenas y humanas. La razón es considerada fría, mala y robótica.
 Antiintelectualismo populista: La persona considera la educación como un arma política manejada por supuestas élites.
 Antiintelectualismo irreflexivo: Donde la educación es vista como una herramienta para alcanzar mayor rango social y mayor salario.

Ejemplos de antiintelectualismo

Aquí se presentarán algunas frases comunes y argumentos utilizados a favor del antiintelectualismo y en detrimento de la cultura intelectual:

 Los expertos académicos, a pesar de su especialización en un área, carecen de verdadero conocimiento sobre esa área porque son considerados lejanos y faltos de sentido común.
 Los expertos académicos son inaccesibles, como personas de otro rango, alejados de la gente y de los problemas humanos.
 Teoría de conspiración acerca de la educación.
 La educación es "clasista".
 La gente con estudios es "elitista".
 Los intelectuales promueven la maldad y la degeneración.
 No considerar ni revisar los argumentos de expertos, despreciándolos directamente por provenir de expertos.
 Ser intelectual no es necesario para vivir, pues si trabajas y ganas dinero posiblemente vivirás mejor que un intelectual.
 Los artistas "no estudian" y tienen más dinero que los profesores.

Argumentos a favor
De acuerdo a Max Weber, por ejemplo, una vez un grupo o clase ha obtenido un estatus elevado a través de ciertos logros, sus miembros tienden a limitar las oportunidades de que otros individuos las sustituyan, lo que a su vez genera conflictos que pueden incluso desembocar en revoluciones, de esta forma se motiva al antiintelectualismo como un ejemplo de lucha de clases.

Véase también
 Embrutecimiento
 Posverdad
 Superficialidad
 Negacionismo

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Lim, Elvin T. The Anti-Intellectual Presidency: The Decline of Presidential Rhetoric from George Washington to George W. Bush. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 19534264X.
 Hofstadter, Richard. Anti-intellectualism in American Life, ISBN 0-394-70317-0
 Claussen, Dane S. (2004). Anti-Intellectualism in American Media. Nueva York: Peter Lang Publishing, ISBN 0-8204-5721-3
 Link, Perry (1991). Evening Chats in Beijing: Probing China's Predicament. Nueva York y Londres: W.W. Norton & Company, ISBN 0393310655
 Hinton, William (1972). Hundred Day War: The Cultural Revolution at Tsinghua University. Nueva York: New York UP, ISBN 0-85345-281-4.

Enlaces externos
 Informe de la Comisión Moynihan, Apéndice A, 7. La Guerra Fría, nota 103 citado en: Robert Warshow, The Legacy of the 30's: Middle-Class Mass Culture and the Intellectuals' Problem, Commentary Magazine (diciembre de 1947): 538.
 "Action Will be Taken" Left Anti-Intellectualism and its Discontents por Liza Featherstone, Doug Henwood y Christian Parenti (Left Business Observer)

Antiintelectualismo

Antiintelectualismo


Çukurpınar, Afşin - Kahramanmaraş ili Afşin ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Çukurpınar, Kırklareli - Kırklareli ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy

Çukurpınar


Golding is an English surname.

People
People with the surname include:

 Andrew Golding (born 1963), English cricketer
 Arthur Golding (c. 1536 – 1606), English translator
 Ashton Golding (born 1996), Jamaican rugby league footballer
 Belle Golding (1864–1940), Australian feminist activist
 Benjamin Golding (1793–1863), British doctor
 Bill Golding (1916–1999), Australian rules footballer
 Binker Golding (born 1985), British jazz musician
 Bob Golding (born 1970), English actor
 Bruce Golding (born 1947), Jamaican politician
 Frank Golding (1890–1966), Australian rules footballer
 George Golding (1906–1999), Australian runner
 Germaine Golding (born 1887), French tennis player
 Grant Golding (born 1981), Canadian gymnast
 Henry Golding (died 1576), British Member of Parliament
 Henry Golding (died 1593), British Member of Parliament
 Henry Golding (actor) (born 1987), British–Malaysian actor
 James Golding (cricketer) (born 1977), English cricketer
 James Golding (racing driver) (born 1996), Australian racing driver
 Jean Golding (born 1939), British epidemiologist
 Joe Golding (1921–1971), American football player
 Joe Golding (basketball) (born 1975), American basketball coach
 John Golding (artist and writer) (1929–2012), British artist and writer
 John Golding (British politician) (1931–99), British politician and trade union leader
 John Anthony Golding (1920–2012), Administrator of the Turks and Caicos Islands
 Jon Golding (born 1982), English rugby union player
 Joseph Golding, Irish football player
 Julia Golding (born 1969), British novelist
 Julian Golding (born 1975), English sprinter
 Leroy Golding, British actor
 Llin Golding, Baroness Golding (born 1933), British politician
 Lorna Golding (born 1951), First Lady of Jamaica
 Louis Golding (1895–1958), British writer
 Lynval Golding (born 1951), Jamaican-born British musician
 Margarette Golding (1881–1939), Welsh nurse and company director
 Margery Golding (c. 1526–1568), Countess of Oxford
 Martin Golding (born 1930), American philosopher
 Matthew Golding (born 1980), Australian rules footballer
 Matthew Golding (dancer) (born 1985), Canadian ballet dancer
 Meta Golding (born 1971), Haitian-American actress
 Michael Golding, American novelist
 Mike Golding (born 1960), British yachtsman
 Miles Golding (born 1951), Australian classical violinist
 Monica Golding (1902–1997), British Army nurse
 Pam Golding (1928–2018), South African property developer
 Paul Golding (born 1982), British nationalist activist
 Peaches Golding (born 1953), High Sheriff of Bristol
 Pete Golding, American football coach
 Peter Golding, English fashion designer
 Philip Golding (born 1962), English golfer
 Richard Golding (died 1520), Irish judge
 Richard Golding (engraver) (1785–1865), English engraver
 Simon Golding (born 1946), Church of England priest
 Stephen L. Golding (born 1944), psychologist at the University of Utah
 Sue Golding (born 1958), American academic
 Susan Golding (born 1945), American politician
 Tacius Golding (1900–1995), Jamaican politician
 Val Golding (1930–2008), American magazine editor
 William Golding (1911–1993), English novelist and poet
 William Henry Golding (1878–1961), Canadian politician
 William Hughson Golding (1845–1916), founder of Golding & Company

Others
 Golding baronets
 Charles Golding (disambiguation)
 Edward Golding (disambiguation)
 Henry Golding (disambiguation)
 John Golding (disambiguation)
 William Golding (disambiguation)

See also
 Golding (disambiguation)
 Golding Bird (1814–1854), British medical doctor
 Golding-Bird (disambiguation)
 Goldin, a Jewish surname
 Goulding (surname)
 John Golden (pirate) (died 1694), English pirate also known as John Golding

References

English-language surnames

Golding


Le Portrait équestre de Madame de Saint-Baslemont est une peinture à l'huile réalisée en 1646 par Claude Deruet appartenant au Palais des ducs de Lorraine-Musée lorrain de Nancy et aujourd'hui présentée au Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy. Elle représente Alberte-Barbe de Saint-Baslemont.

Historique

Description

Expositions
 Amazones et cavaliers. Hommage à Claude Déruet, Nancy, musée des Beaux-arts, 20 juin 2008 - 21 septembre 2008
 La Lorraine pour horizon. La France et les duchés, de René II à Stanislas. Nancy, Palais des ducs de Lorraine - Musée lorrain, 18 juin 2016 - 31 décembre 2016
 Autour de La Femme à la puce de Georges de La Tour. Nancy, musée des Beaux-Arts, 2 avril 2018 - 3 septembre 2018

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Tableau des années 1640
Portrait de femme
Portrait équestre
Ange dans la peinture
Œuvre conservée au musée des Beaux-Arts de Nancy


Odeon fue un sello discográfico fundado en 1903 por Mark Straus y Heinrich Zuntz de la International Talking Machine Company en Berlín, Alemania.

Historia

Straus y Zuntz compraron a Carl Lindström la empresa que este había fundado en 1897. Transformaron la empresa Lindström en una empresa pública, Carl Lindström A. G. y compraron en 1903, entre muchas otras compañías discográficas Fonotipia Records, incluyendo Odeon-Werke International Talking Machine Co. m. b. H.

En 1904, Odeon lanzó los primeros discos de gramófono de doble cara. La American Record Company comenzó a hacer prensajes en laca azul de 10 ¾ pulgadas para Odeon destinados a su exportación a Europa en 1905 o 1906, todos de doble cara. En 1909, se realizó la primera grabación de una obra orquestal, (y lo que pasó a ser el primer álbum grabado) cuando lanzaron un conjunto de cuatro discos de la Suite de El cascanueces de Piotr Ilich Chaikovski, con Herrmann Finck dirigiendo la orquesta del palacio de Londres.

El 30 de enero de 1904, Odeon se convirtió en parte de la empresa Carl Lindström Company, que también era dueña de Beka Records, Parlophone y Fonotipia, Lyrophon, Homophon y otros sellos discográficos. Lindström fue adquirida por la empresa inglesa Columbia Graphophone Company en 1926. En 1931 Columbia se fusionó con Electrola, HMV y otros sellos para formar EMI.

La planta de Odeon en Berlín grababa, procesaba y exportaba grabaciones a muchos países. Hubo extensos catálogos nacionales para países tales como Grecia, los países escandinavos, la India, todos los países árabes, Holanda, Estonia, Portugal, Sudamérica y América Central, Rumania, Turquía, Hungría, China, las Indias Orientales Neerlandesas, Siam, los países balcánicos, etcétera. En los años 1920 y 1930, alrededor del 70% de la producción de Odeon era exportada. Algunas grabaciones de Odeon fueron subcontratadas por la empresa estadounidense Okeh Records para su distribución en Estados Unidos.

En 1936, el director de la sucursal Odeon se vio obligado a retirarse y fue sustituido por Dr. Kepler, un miembro del partido nazi. En 1939, Odeon y Electrola fueron colocados bajo una administración nombrada por los nazis. La enorme fábrica de Odeon en Schlesische Strasse, en Berlin-Kreuzberg fue completamente destruida por bombardeos de la Fuerza Aérea de Estados Unidos en los ataques aéreos de febrero de 1945.

Después de 1945, Odeon se siguió utilizando en el Reino Unido, como un sello para prensajes destinados al África Occidental. En Argentina, Chile, España y Brasil, Odeon sobrevivió como una subsidiaria de EMI hasta el final de la era del LP, a mediados de 1980, cuando finalmente desapareció por completo. Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Odeon en Alemania Occidental reeditó muchas grabaciones anteriores a la guerra, nuevas grabaciones de música alemana en este sello, como así también grabaciones importadas.

La mayor cantidad de lanzamientos de los Beatles, incluyendo sus sencillos, aparecieron con el respaldo del sello Odeon en muchos mercados no angloparlantes como Alemania Occidental, Japón, España, los países escandinavos, América del Sur y Francia, algunos de los cuales tuvieron a Apple Records hasta 1971 (o Parlophone), y luego volvieron a Odeon en 1976.

En las exportaciones directas de EMI-HMV a los Estados Unidos, donde el sello HMV era propiedad de RCA Victor Records, fueron pegadas etiquetas sobre el logo de Odeon. Esto también se hizo con álbumes de Columbia Graphophone Company cuando se vendieron en América del Norte, donde CBS Records tenía derechos sobre el nombre.

La filial argentina de EMI todavía seguía siendo comercializada como EMI Odeon SAIC hasta que Universal Music Group compró EMI.

Referencias
Citas

Fuentes

Enlaces externos

 Odeon-Record

EMI
Discográficas de tango

Odeon (sello discográfico)


Le boulevard de l'Oise est une voie de communication située dans l'agglomération de Cergy-Pontoise en Île-de-France.

Situation et accès

Le boulevard de l'Oise traverse les communes de Pontoise, Cergy, Courdimanche, Vauréal et Jouy-le-Moutier. D'une longueur approximative de 11,4 kilomètres, il constitue une des voies principales de l'agglomération de Cergy-Pontoise. Sa forme générale reprend les contours de la boucle de l'Oise autour de laquelle est bâtie cette agglomération.
Il débute à la limite communale avec Éragny située au milieu de l'Oise, sur le territoire de Pontoise, jusqu'au carrefour avec le boulevard de l'Hautil qui marque l'entrée de Cergy. Il passe ensuite sous la dalle de Cergy-Préfecture, puis bifurque vers l'ouest par une large boucle, où il est parallèle à la ligne de Cergy empruntée par le RER A.
Peu avant d'arriver au quartier Saint-Christophe, il bifurque vers le sud-ouest et tangente l'esplanade de Paris, où se situe l'Axe majeur. Toujours sur la commune de Cergy il continue par deux bifurcations successives avant de pénétrer brièvement sur le territoire de Courdimanche, au rond-point du Golf. Il traverse ensuite l'intégralité de Vauréal, étant sa principale artère nord-sud, puis continue vers le sud vers Jouy-le-Moutier jusqu'à l'angle avec l'avenue du Vast et la rue Denis-Papin.

Origine du nom
Le nom de ce boulevard vient de sa situation autour de la boucle de l'Oise.

Historique

Bâtiments remarquables et lieux de mémoire

Notes et références

Voie dans le Val-d'Oise

Boulevard de l'Oise