The Broons (English: The Browns) is a comic strip in Scots published in the weekly Scottish newspaper The Sunday Post. It features a Brown family, which lives in a tenement flat at 10 Glebe Street (since the late 1990s) in the fictional Scottish town of Auchentogle or Auchenshoogle.

Created by writer/editor R. D. Low and artist Dudley D. Watkins, the strip made its first appearance in the issue dated 8 March 1936.

Since its inception, The Broons have had their own biennial, alternating each year with Oor Wullie. No annuals were published during 1943 and 1944 due to paper rationing in World War II, but jigsaws were created instead. Following the 80th anniversary in 2016, an additional annual of The Broons was issued for 2017, breaking from the biennial pattern.

Characters

The family members include:
Paw Broon – the patriarch, a working man who occasionally tries to keep enough back for a bit of "baccy" (tobacco) and a bet on the horses. In a flashback to his youth, Paw was seen with his immediate family before he and Maw were married. His mother, Granmaw, was seen as well as his sister Daphne and brother Joseph. As Granpaw is a widower, and Aunt Daphne and Uncle Joseph are never seen, Paw has named two of his children after his siblings – his oldest daughter, Daphne, and his second son, Joe. With his comb-over hairstyle and walrus moustache, his appearance was supposedly based on A.C. "Archie" Brown, the chief editor of publisher D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd at the time The Broons originated. Paw disapproves of most young behaviour. Paw is a main character: there are very few strips where he is not featured. It is usually him who ends up being made the idiot of, after he has made a smart-alec comment. Paw is generally said to be still working at the shipyards. However, in a few strips, he is depicted as being retired.
Maw Broon – the formidable mother of eight. She has to run every aspect of the household and keep her husband, Paw, in line. Her first name was once used when her brother came to visit. He burst into No. 10 addressing her as "Maggie" and looking for money for his taxi fare. The name Maggie was confirmed in Maw Broon's Cookbook, published in 2007. Another book was The But an' Ben Cookbook, Waverley Books, 2008  (the book from the family's holiday home, "the wee hoose among the heather"). In a 1980s strip, the opening rhyme featured her name as Maigret (Margaret) Broon as well but this never continued. Maw comes from a more upper-class background, as seen in "Maw Broon's Remedies & Suchlike" where her mother has given her the book as a present and writes about how Maw should stop seeing Paw. In earlier strips she can be seen to make the family act rather posh which her daughters also take after her by doing so.
Granpaw Broon – Paw's widowed, 80-year-old father, lives in his own house and spends most of his time sitting on a park bench with his "cronies" (friends), or tending his allotment. He shares Paw's preoccupation with having an ample supply of tobacco. Granpaw was a slightly later addition, not appearing in the earliest strips. In some of these, the family had a picture of Granpaw on their wall, which could do certain actions, such as wagging its finger at the children. Initially, Granpaw was portrayed in a bad light, as a miser and a scheming moocher but was later written as a loveable rogue often who gets into more mischief than his young grandchildren. It was revealed in Maw Broon's Cookbook (2007) that his late wife was named Jeannie, a Scottish variation of "Jean" or "Jenny" that was once very popular. Granmaw was only seen twice, once in 1937, during a flashback of Maw and Paw's courting days, and again in 1959, when comparing life to the old days.
Hen (Henry) Broon – The lanky, awkward eldest son and firstborn child of Maw and Paw. About 31 years old, average and a guy who rarely gets the girl. He is often taken advantage of for his height; for example, being made to act as a clothes stand to keep the washing line up. Early Broons cartoons featured Hen wearing a zoot suit. Hen is aspirational. For example, every couple of years or so he buys a car. Such purchases, however, always end in failure.
Daphne Broon – The plump, somewhat dowdy daughter who is always playing second fiddle to her beautiful sister Maggie on double dates. Every few years she has a stroke of luck when the double dates get mixed up and she gets Maggie's man. At least once a year, Daphne tries to go on a diet but fails to lose any weight. She is often mocked by Hen and Joe about her diets, although their taunts are intentionally harmless. Daphne is a skilled dressmaker but has a penchant for flamboyant hats.
Joe (Joseph) Broon – the epitome of the ordinary working man, usually noted for his good looks, strength and love of sports and boxing. Joe is something of a ladies' man, and can sometimes be seen sharing a bitter rivalry with Hen over a beautiful woman, with Joe winning. Hen envies Joe's luck with the girls, and the twins see him as a role model.
Maggie (Margaret) Broon – The beautiful, glamorous daughter with blonde hair and fashionable clothing. She has a steady stream of beaux and is bitterly envied by the drab Daphne. In the later editions, Maggie became a model, and a weather girl. Despite their rivalry over men, Daphne and Maggie share a close bond and Maggie even stands up for Daphne when she is taunted; notably in one strip, she flirted with a man in a bar and threw the drink he had bought her over him as revenge for his hurtful comments toward Daphne.
Horace Broon – A bookish and bespectacled teenage schoolboy forever trying to learn French or poetry by rote amidst the chaos of a do-it-yourself chimney-sweeping mishap or other domestic turmoil. He is quite pompous and likes to think of himself as an example to the twins, but recently seems to aspire to be like Joe (for example, purchasing muscle-building equipment). However, he is nowhere near as popular with girls as Joe. Horace is seen as a young teenager in the early years of secondary school. However, during the 1990s, his appearance was that of someone slightly older.
The Twins – Identical twin boys, who are in primary school. Although one is called Eck (short for Alexander), they are always referred to collectively, with few exceptions (such as Granpaw calling them "ae twin" and "the ither twin"). They are rambunctious youngsters and usually add to the chaos with a fistfight or a good game of cowboys and Indians.
The Bairn – The youngest of the family at about four years of age. She is basically a smaller version of Maw, getting in her share of indignant moral pronouncements and pointing out the foolishness of the male Broons. She and Granpaw are deeply close. Her first name is never revealed; she is simply addressed as "my wee lamb", "dear", "pet" etc.

Storylines
The family surname Broon is the Scots for Standard English "Brown," as indicated by the nameplate that occasionally appears on the front door of their flat. Also, when a family member is addressed by a non-Scot (i.e. an Englishman or an American), he or she is addressed as "Mister (or Mrs or Miss) Brown".

Early strips written in the 1930s featured less dialogue and the pictures told the story. This was more common in Oor Wullie strips. However, occasional Broons strips did this too.

During the 1970s, stories drawn by Tom Lavery, another character named Dave MacKay was regularly featured. Dave was Maggie's long-term boyfriend and later her fiancé, although the latter aspect only featured in the original Sunday Post strips, with all mentions of the engagement removed for the annual reprints. Although his father was an old school friend of Paw, his mother was upper–middle-class, much to the chagrin of Paw and Maw. Despite the Broons' perpetual deference to their social 'betters', many comical premises were built on the family's attempts to impress members of the landed gentry, or the clergy. Many storylines featured Paw bringing shame on the family by being seen wearing torn trousers or working clothes by the 'Meenister' (Church of Scotland minister). Maggie's character also changed during this time, becoming more posh. Unlike the rest of the Broons, she spoke Standard English rather than Modern Scots. When Peter Davidson took over from Lavery, the character was dropped without explanation. The 2012 special annual The Broons and Oor Wullie: Classic Strips from the 70's reveals the fate of the character which was created specially for this book.

Most of the humour derives from the timeless themes of the "generation gap," stretching the money as far as possible, and the constant struggle for each family member to live in a very small flat with the other nine Broons. In the end, the family always support one another, getting through life with a gentle good humour as they argue amongst themselves.

Another staple of the series is misunderstanding: inevitably the bairn or the twins mishear something Granpaw or another family member says, and the whole family acts on it until the truth is revealed in the final panel. An example is where the twins are told by Daphne that she is bringing her boyfriend up to dinner and that he is half Polish and half French. While Maggie makes a French salad and Paw finds a flag from each country, Hen asks if they know the man's name – Angus MacKay. Hen and Paw go with the twins to see his shop. It turns out he is a French-polisher – "polish" being pronounced the same as "Polish" in Scots.

Locations
As with Oor Wullie, Watkins left the location of the strips unnamed, although the Broons' tenement is located on Glebe Street, a commonly used name in many Scottish towns. However, as originally written, Watkins' use of words and phrases more commonly associated with the east coast of Scotland, such as bairn for child, as opposed to the west-central wean, suggests he was using his own immediate environment. (He lived in Broughty Ferry). He worked in Dundee and the Broons' dialect is mainly Dundonian.  Since the 1990s, however, The Broons has been set in the fictional town of Auchenshoogle.

The Broons own a small cottage, called the but and ben, somewhere in the Highlands but within a relatively short distance of their home. They enjoy weekends away there, although the younger Broons show some reluctance to go there. In a 1940s strip, the house is shown to be on a hillside on the east side of the River Ness and an arrow also points to Auchentoogle being located on the northern bank of Loch Ness near Dores. The house was referred to as being in a secret location in "The Broons Days Oot" travel guide published in 2009. In Still Game's 2007 Hogmanay special, "Hootenanny," Jack compares Joe's Highland cottage to "the but 'n ben out of the bloody Broons", as a comical way to comment upon how shabby it appears.

Annuals
Although the Broons & Oor Wullie started in 1936, annuals were not published until 1939 starting with "The Broons". since then the annuals alternate years with Oor Wullie, another D. C. Thomson product. Books pre-1965 were not dated. After that they had a copyright date with annuals normally published in Autumn. The early editions of The Broons annual are highly sought-after collectors' items, fetching in excess of four-figure sums at auction. A facsimile of the very first Broons annual was released on 25 November 2006.

Watkins drew the strip from his Broughty Ferry home until his death in 1969. For five years after Watkins' death, D. C. Thomson recycled old strips in the newspaper and annuals, fearing no adequate replacement could be found to match Watkins' unique style. In these repeated strips, some particularly Scots words were replaced (e.g., 'ahint' became 'behind') and the pre-decimal coinage was updated. Mike Donaldson is the current artist, succeeding Peter Davidson. BBC Radio Scotland presenter Tom Morton was the scriptwriter until 2006 when Dave Donaldson took over. Morris Heggie, former editor of The Dandy is the current writer.

Television
The Broons were portrayed in a sketch on the BBC Scotland comedy show Naked Video. Tony Roper was cast as Paw, Gregor Fisher played Maw, Elaine C. Smith portrayed the Bairn, Jonathan Watson appeared as Joe, and Louise Beattie appeared as Horace, with the other family members (and Oor Wullie) mentioned in passing. The sketch revolved around Paw's naivety in the modern world and his inability to move with the times, not even realising that his entire offspring are the product of an affair Maw was having with a farmer.

In December 2005, the BBC Scotland documentary Happy Birthday Broons celebrated the family's 70th anniversary with celebrity guests including Muriel Gray, Ford Kiernan, Sanjeev Kohli, Eddi Reader, Elaine C. Smith, Ricky Ross, Tony Roper, Tam Cowan, Grant Morrison, Frank Quitely and was narrated by Ewan McGregor. The programme was made by Angel Eye Media and was nominated for a Best Documentary BAFTA. It was followed by Happy Birthday Oor Wullie.

See also

 List of DC Thomson publications

References

External links
 The Official Broons and Oor Wullie website

1936 comics debuts
DC Thomson Comics strips
Scottish comic strips
Scottish comics characters
Comics about married people
1936 establishments in Scotland
Comics characters introduced in 1936
Fictional families
Fictional Scottish people
Humor comics
DC Thomson Comics characters
Comics set in Scotland

The Broons


Best of the Best 3: No Turning Back es una película de acción y artes marciales estadounidense de 1995, estrenada Directamente para vídeo dirigida y protagonizada por Phillip Rhee. Es la segunda secuela de la película Best of the Best.

Argumento
Un instructor de Artes Marciales acude a la defensa de un maestro de la escuela, quien se enfrentará a una organización local de un grupo de blancos supremacistas..

Reparto
 Tommy Lee - Phillip Rhee
 Jack Banning - Christopher McDonald
 Margo Preston - Gina Gershon
 Donnie Hansen - Mark Rolston
 Owen Tucker - Peter Simmons
 Karen Banning - Cristina Lawson
 Georgia - Dee Wallace
 Tiny - Michael Bailey Smith
 Luther Phelps - Justin Brentley
 Rev. Phelps - Andra R. Ward

Enlaces externos

Películas de artes marciales
Películas de acción

Best of the Best 3


Le château de Verrey est un château du  situé à Verrey-sous-Salmaise (Côte-dOr) en Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

Localisation
Le château est situé à la sortie sud de Verrey-sous-Salmaise sur un petit promontoire délimité par les RD 26 et 10.

Historique

L'existence d'une place-forte semble attestée à Verrey dès 1027. Ce château passe ensuite en diverses mains par le truchement de mariage En 1372 à Jean de Ruffey, mari de Marguerite de Verrey, en 1450, à Rolin de Bournonville, mari de Marguerite de Quarrière. En 1683, Anne d'Anchemont, épouse d'André Bizouard, possède le château Verrey et ses communs avec pont-levis et dormant, entouré de fossés et fermé par des murailles. En 1769, Guillaume de Thésut le fait reconstruire avec une chapelle castrale et y installe une riche bibliothèque et une collection archéologique.

Confisqué à la Révolution, le château est repassé depuis aux mains de divers propriétaires.

Le château est classé aux monuments historiques par arrêté du 13 mars 1944.

Architecture

Encadré de ses communs, le château se cache derrière les frondaisons de son parc. Sa longue façade surmontée d'un fronton sculpté d'allégories de la Justice masque les jardins à la française qui s'étendent à l'arrière.

Le village possède un second château du  aujourd'hui transformé en ferme dont il est séparé par une ancienne magnanerie.

Notes et références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Liste des châteaux de la Côte-d'Or
 Liste des monuments historiques de la Côte-d'Or

Liens externes

Verrey-sous-Salmaise
Verrey-sous-Salmaise
Monument historique dans la Côte-d'Or
Monument historique classé en 1944

Château de Verrey


Alazlı aşağıdaki anlamlara gelebilir:

 Alazlı, Korkut - Muş ili Korkut ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alazlı, Doğanşar - Sivas ili Doğanşar ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alazlı, Gemerek - Sivas ili Gemerek ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alazlı, Düzköy - Trabzon ili Düzköy ilçesine bağlı mahalle

Alazlı


Gerard de Nerval, (22 Mayıs 1808 – 26 Ocak 1855) Gérard Labrunie 'nin yazılarında kullandığı ismidir. Romantizmin en güçlü temsilcisi olan Fransız; şair, yazar ve gezgindir. Birçok defa Türkiye'ye de uğramış, İstanbul'un en çok mezarlıklarını beğenmiştir. Dünya edebiyat tarihinin en önemli şairlerinden ve yazarlarından biridir.

Hayatı
Paris'te doğan Nerval iki yaşındayken, annesi Silezya'da vefat eder. Babası, Napolyon'un ordusunda askeri doktordur. Amcası, Antoine Boucher'in yanında; Valois bölgesinin kırsal kesimi olan Mortefontaine'de yaşar. Babasının 1814 yılında savaştan dönmesi üzerine tekrar Paris'e gönderilir. Birçok defa, Valois tarlalarına geri dönen Nerval, Valois şarkıları ve efsanelerini bu dönemde yaratır.

Çevirmenlik hevesi, Goethe'in Faust (1828) eseriyle başlar ve bu O'nu ünlü eder. Goethe'nin de takdirlerini alan Nerval, 1840'lı yıllarda da Heinrich Heine'nin şiirlerini Fransızca olarak sunar.

Üniversite'ye gittiği 1820'li yıllarda Theophile Gautier ve Alexandre Dumas ile dost olur. Nerval'in şiirleri Romantik Deizm içerir; bu dönemde hayranları arasında Victor Hugo da bulunmaktadır.

Dönemin Mason dünyasının önemli şahıslarından olan Nerval, uyuşturucu madde bağımlısı olmuş; 1841 yılı itibarıyla birkaç kez akıl hastanesinde yatmıştır. Görevi vesilesi ile birçok ülke gezen Nerval, hiçbir şehirde yerleşik bir hayat sürememiştir. O'nun Paris'te 1820'li yıllarda, Lüksemburg ve Hollanda'da da 1830'lu ve 1840'lı yıllarda yaşadığı aşkları şiirlerine de yansımıştır.

1855 yılında, 47 yaşındayken Paris'te bir parkta ilk âşık olduğu kadını ailesi ile piknik yaparken görür. Çocuklarıyla mutlu olan babanın yaşamını kıskanarak tekrar bir bunalım içerisine girer. (Başka bir görüşe göre de; ilk aşkını, kocası ile beraber balkonda çocuklarıyla yemek yerken gördüğüdür.) Öldüğü gün, "Sıcak bir kış günü" tasviriyle dünya tarihine geçer.

Teyzesine "bu akşam beni bekleme, çünkü gece kara (siyah) ve ak (beyaz) olacak..." mısralarını içeren bir şiir yazan Nerval kendini bir sokak lambasına asar. (Başka bir görüş de, kendini evinin pencere demirlerinden asarak intihar ettiğidir.) Onu görmeye gelen şairler, asılmış bedeni karşısında saygı duruşuna geçerler.

Paris'teki Pere Lachaise mezarlığına gömülen Nerval, aşkı için intihar eden ender romantizm dönemi şairlerindendir. Umberto Eco tarafından İtalyanca'ya çevrilmiş olan eserleri İtalyan edebiyatını yönlendirirken; Nerval ayrıca modern sürrealizmin en büyük ilham kaynaklarından biridir.

Başlıca Eserleri
 1851 - Voyage en Orient (Doğuya Seyahat) (Kahire ve Beyrut'a yaptığı geziler doğrultusunda yazılmıştır)
 1852 - Les Nuits d'Octobre (Ekim geceleri)
 1853 - Sylvie (Romantik edebiyat tarihinin en önemli eserlerinden biridir)
 1854 - Les Filles du Feu (Ateşin Kızları) (Küçük hikâyelerden oluşmaktadır)
 1855 - Aurelia (Romantik edebiyat tarihinin en önemli eserlerinden biridir)
 1856 - Promenades et Souvenirs (Gezintiler ve hatıralar)

Dış bağlantılar
 Türkçe şiirleri ve tanıtımı
 Fransızca şiirleri
 Fransızca detaylı hayatı

1808 doğumlular
1855 yılında ölenler
Fransız şairler
İntihar eden şairler
Père Lachaise Mezarlığı'na defnedilenler

Gérard de Nerval


A Sede Social do Clube do Remo (também conhecido como Palácio Azul) é uma instituição desportiva belenense, localizada à Avenida Nazaré, em Belém, capital do estado do Pará.

A edificação foi tombada em nível estadual pelo Departamento de Patrimônio Histórico Artístico e Cultural do Estado do Pará (DPHAC), em 2005, e o Conjunto Arquitetônico do Clube do Remo (incluindo Ginásio Serra Freire, Complexo Aquático e Sede Social) passou a ser tombado por errata divulgada no Diário Oficial do Estado do Pará (DOEPA) no ano de 2010.

Histórico
A história do clube remonta ao ano de 1905, quando os esportes eram realizados ao ar livre, mesmo os aquáticos, e o então "Grupo do Remo" foi criado por dissidentes do Sport Club Pará. Em 1914, recebeu o nome que mantém até hoje: "Clube do Remo", porque já contava com outros esportes, como o futebol. A instituição também organizava encontros e festas.

A atual sede social do Clube começou a ser concebida em 1938, quando um terreno com edificação (projeto do arquiteto paraense Camilo Porto de Oliveira) foi adquirido por meio de um leilão, no dia 11 de agosto. A reforma da edificação existente (executada por Arthur Carepa e José Heimar Lacerda) foi iniciada em 1955 e concluída em 1959.

Arquitetura
A edificação de dois pavimentos popularmente conhecida como "Palácio Azul" é um dos marcos da arquitetura modernista do Pará. Tem formato retangular e mede 42.05 metros de frente por 208.05 metros de profundidade. No andar térreo, com 1.620 metros quadrados, localizam-se as dependências administrativas do clube, salão de jogos, bar, lanchonete e atualmente o Restaurante Azulino com sanduíches da Flags e Peixaria Limão. No andar superior, com 1.655 metros quadrados, fica o salão de festas, que também é utilizado em solenidades". No total, são 3.275 metros quadrados de área construída.

Como outros edifícios modernos da época, "o projeto foi pioneiro em inovações como planta livre, prédio de composição de linhas e volumes diferentes, uso do concreto armado, esquadrias panorâmicas de vidro e telhado com calha central". Além disso, destaca-se na fachada da edificação azul um painel decorativo criado no estilo "Raio que o Parta", expressão arquitetônica popular no Pará da época, que era feita a partir de cacos de azulejos.

Tombamento
A Sede Social do Clube do Remo foi tombada em nível estadual pelo Departamento de Patrimônio Histórico Artístico e Cultural do Estado do Pará (DPHAC), em 26 de janeiro de 2005.

Uma errata da certidão de tombamento, homologada em 18 de outubro de 2010 e divulgada no Diário Oficial do Estado do Pará (DOEPA) em 12 de novembro de 2010, indica que foi tombado o "Conjunto Arquitetônico do Clube do Remo", incluindo o Ginásio Serra Freire, Complexo Aquático e a Sede Social.

Fundações no Pará em 1959
Patrimônio cultural do Pará
Clubes desportivos do Pará
Patrimônio tombado pelo DPHAC
Edifícios e estruturas terminadas em 1959
Arquitetura modernista no Brasil

Sede social do Clube do Remo


Eric Peterson (14. svibnja 1964.) američki gitarist, glazbenik, tekstopisač i pjevač najbolje poznat kao gitarist američkog thrash metal sastava Testament. On je jedini član izvorne postave. S Chuckom Billyjem pojavljuje se na svakom albumu sastava. Osim Testament Eric je svira gitaru u glazbenom sastavu Dragonlord. Bio je i koncertni gitarist thrash metal sastava Anthrax. Također surađivao s Old Man's Child.

Diskografija

Testament (1983. - danas)

 The Legacy (1987.)
 The New Order (1988.)
 Practice What You Preach (1989.)
 Souls of Black (1990.)
 The Ritual (1992.)
 Low (1994.)
 Demonic (1997.)
 The Gathering (1999.)
 The Formation of Damnation (2008.)
 Dark Roots of Earth (2012.)
 Brotherhood of the Snake (2016.)
 Titans of Creation (2020.)

 Dragonlord (2001. - danas)

 Rapture (2001.)
 Black Wings of Destiny (2005.)
 Dominion (2018.)

 Odabrana gostovanja

 Old Man's Child - Vermin (2005.)
 Leah McHenry - Otherworld'' (2013.)

Izvori

Američki gitaristi heavy metala
Američki pjevači heavy metala

Eric Peterson


Father of the Pride američka je humoristična animirana serija, koja je nastala 2004. godine pod vodstvom Jeffreyja Katzenberga.

Glasovi
 John Goodman - Larry
 Cheryl Hines - Kate
 Danielle Harris - Sierra
 Daryl Sabara - Hunter
 Carl Reiner - Sarmoti
 Orlando Jones - Snack
 Julian Holloway - Siegfried Fischbacher
 David Herman - Roy Horn
 John O'Hurley - Blake
 Wendie Malick - Victoria

Vanjske poveznice

 Službena stranica

Animirane televizijske serije

Father of the Pride


Paris Jam Session est un album live d'Art Blakey et les Jazz Messengers avec des apparitions invitées de Bud Powell et Barney Wilen, enregistré au Théâtre des Champs-Élysées à Paris le 18 décembre 1959. Il a été publié par Fontana à l'origine, par EmArcy en 1961, puis par Verve sur CD dans le cadre de leur série Jazz in Paris.

Liste des pistes
"Dance of the Infidels" (Bud Powell) — 12:26
"Bouncing with Bud" (Gil Fuller, Powell) — 11:38
"The Midget" (Lee Morgan) — 11:06
"A Night in Tunisia" (Dizzy Gillespie, Frank Paparelli) — 7:02

Musiciens
Art Blakey – batterie
Lee Morgan – trompette
Barney Wilen – sax alto (pistes 1-2 uniquement)
Wayne Shorter – sax ténor
Bud Powell – piano (pistes 1-2 uniquement)
Walter Davis Jr. – piano (pistes 3-4 uniquement)
Jymie Merritt – basse

Références

Album de hard bop
Album live d'Art Blakey

Paris Jam Session


Rhetorical criticism analyzes the symbolic artifacts of discourse—the words, phrases, images, gestures, performances, texts, films, etc. that people use to communicate. Rhetorical analysis shows how the artifacts work, how well they work, and how the artifacts, as discourse, inform and instruct, entertain and arouse, and convince and persuade the audience; as such, discourse includes the possibility of morally improving the reader, the viewer, and the listener. Rhetorical criticism studies and analyzes the purpose of the words, sights, and sounds that are the symbolic artifacts used for communications among people.

The arts of Rhetorical criticism are an intellectual practice that dates from the time of Plato, in Classical Greece (5th–4th c. BC). Moreover, in the dialogue Phaedrus (c. 370 BC), the philosopher Socrates analyzes a speech by Lysias (230e–235e) the logographer (speech writer) to determine whether or not it is praiseworthy.

The academic purpose of Rhetorical criticism is greater understanding and appreciation in human relations:

Rhetorical analysis

What is called "rhetorical criticism" in the Speech Communication discipline is often called "rhetorical analysis" in English. Through this analytical process, an analyst defines, classifies, analyzes, interprets and evaluates a rhetorical artifact. Through this process a critic explores, by means of various approaches, the manifest and latent meaning of a piece of rhetoric thereby offering further insight into the field of rhetorical studies generally and into an artifact or rhetor specifically. Such an analysis, for example may reveal the particular motivations or ideologies of a rhetor, how he or she interprets the aspects of a rhetorical situation, or how cultural ideologies are manifested in an artifact. It could also demonstrate how the constraints of a particular situation shape the rhetoric that responds to it. Certain approaches also examine how rhetorical elements compare with the traditional elements of a narrative or drama.

Definition
Generally speaking, the average audience member lacks the knowledge or experience to recognize rhetoric at first glance. Therefore, one of the more important functions of rhetorical studies is to determine whether an artifact is inherently rhetorical. This involves the identification of the exigence, rhetor's constraints, audience, and the artifact's persuasive potential.

Classification
Criticism also classifies rhetorical discourses into generic categories either by explicit argumentation or as an implicit part of the critical process. For example, the evaluative standard that the rhetorician utilizes will undoubtedly be gleaned from other works of rhetoric and, thus, impose a certain category. The same can be said about the examples and experts quoted within the work of criticism.

Classical genres of rhetoric include apologia, epideictic, or jeremiad but have been expanded to encompass numerous other categories.

Analysis
Within the realm of rhetorical criticism, analysis involves examining structure and analyzing how the individual rhetorical and communicative elements work within the context of the artifact. Rhetorical criticism is an art that involves the rhetorician developing strong reasoning for their judgement. The rhetorician must act as a rhetorical critic of their own work, they must examine the necessity of their research as well as the analysis. A rhetorician must also be able to defend the method of their analysis and the accuracy of their research.

Interpretation
Closely related with analysis, interpretation widens the scope of the examination to include the historical and cultural context of the artifact. A rhetorician should, at this point, draw comparisons with other established works of rhetoric to determine how well the artifact fits into a particular category or if it redefines the constraints of that category as well as how the elements illuminate the motivation and perspectives of a rhetor. Rhetorical criticism can then be broken into judgment and understanding. Judgment is concerned with determining the effectiveness of the information and the strategies of presentation that leads to the success or failure of the artifact. The understanding is drawn from the acknowledgment and acceptance of what has been presented.

Evaluation
The purposes of rhetorical criticism fall within three evaluative categories: academic, ethical, and political. Academic purposes seek to further the process of rhetorical study. Ethical purposes attempt to reveal implicit cultural values or unethical manipulations. Political purposes involve revealing hegemonic power structures in order to expose oppressive discourses or give voice to marginalized groups. Rhetorical criticism has gained more recognition and importance in the past forty years, especially in the academic field. This increase in interest has led to colleges and universities devoting more courses to the study of rhetorical matters such as rhetorical criticism.

Approaches
Sources:
 Neo-Aristotelian (this perspective is sometimes also known as the "traditional" perspective)
 Narrative
 Metaphoric
 Genre
 Pentadic
 Cluster
 Ideological

Notable scholars
 Kenneth Burke
 Edwin Black (rhetorician)
 Walter Brueggemann
 Karlyn Kohrs Campbell
 Lloyd Bitzer
 Celeste Condit
 Sonja K. Foss
 Walter Fisher
 Jim A. Kuypers
 Michael Calvin McGee
 James Muilenburg
 Phyllis Trible
 Herbert Wichelns
 Wayne C. Booth

References

Rhetoric
Writing

Rhetorical criticism


Élder José Figueroa Sarmiento (Riohacha, 14 de octubre de 1980) es un futbolista colombiano, naturalizado salvadoreño. Juega de mediocampista.

Trayectoria
Inició su trayectoria profesional con los equipos colombianos Real Cartagena y Expreso Rojo. Para el año 2001 arribó a El Salvador, y jugó para el Juventud 72 de la Segunda División. Para el 2006 se incorporó al Vista Hermosa, equipo que debutaba en la Primera División, y participó en la hazaña del conjunto morazánico en lograr el título de campeón en su primer torneo en la máxima categoría, cuando derrotó en la final del Apertura 2006 al Isidro Metapán (2:0).

El año 2008 se trasladó al Atlético Balboa, y tras militar en el Alianza y Aspirante de la Segunda División, firmó para el Once Municipal de Ahuachapán en el Apertura 2010. Con el equipo canario logró un subcampeonato en el torneo Apertura 2011. En julio de 2012, pasó a formar parte del Club Deportivo FAS. En el mes de julio de 2015, pasó a formar parte del Club Deportivo Chalatenango.

Selección nacional de El Salvador
Figueroa tiene la nacionalidad salvadoreña por naturalización, y fue convocado por el técnico Rubén Israel para formar parte de la selección cuscatleca. Debutó en un partido amistoso contra  el 29 de febrero de 2012. Participó en dos juegos de la Clasificación de Concacaf para la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2014.Y Tiene tres hijos el mayor se llama Geiver jose el segundo se llama Elder y el último se llama
Leiner Matias

Clubes

Palmarés

Trofeos nacionales

Referencias

Nacidos en Riohacha
Futbolistas del Real Cartagena
Futbolistas del Club Deportivo Vista Hermosa
Futbolistas del Alianza Fútbol Club (El Salvador)
Futbolistas del Club Deportivo Once Municipal
Futbolistas nacionalizados en El Salvador
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol de El Salvador

Élder Figueroa


Eckerö, Finlandiya'ya bağlı Åland Adaları'nda bulunan bir belediyedir. Belediye, Fasta Åland'ın batısında yer almakta olup Finlandiya'nın en batısındaki belediyedir. Yüzölçümü 109.18 km² olan belediyenin nüfusu 31 Ağustos 2017 tarihi itibari ile 946'dır. Belediyenin merkezi Överby'dür.

Eckerö Linjen şirketi Berghamn-Eckerö-Grisslehamn arasında deniz taşımacılığı yapmaktadır. Belediyedeki en tanınmış yapı 1828'de Rus yönetimi döneminde inşa edilen Posta ve Gümrük Evi'dir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Åland'ın belediyeleri

Eckerö


Charles Bruck () a fost un dirijor și pedagog franco-american, evreu originar din Banat, cunoscut discipol al lui .

Biografia
S-a născut într-o familie de evrei așkenazi maghiarofoni în orașul Timișoara, pe atunci în Imperiul Austro-Ungar. A părăsit orașul natal în 1928 pentru a studia la Conservatorul din Viena pianul și compoziția, după  care a urmat cursuri la École Normale de Musique din Paris, ca elev al lui  Alfred Cortot, Nadia Boulanger și Vlado Perlemuter, in paralel făcând și studii de drept (doctor în drept, 1936). Dirijatul l-a studiat cu Pierre Monteux începând cu 1934 și din 1936 a dirijat Orchestra Simfonică din Paris. A fost o vreme dirijor șef la Orchestra Operei Olandei în Amsterdam (1950–1954), la Filarmonica din Strasbourg (1955–1965) și la Orchestra filarmonică a Radiodifuziunii franceze Radio (ORTF) din Paris (1965–1970). În 1939 a obținut cetățenia franceză și în al Doilea Război Mondial a participat la Rezistența franceză. S-a stabilit la Les Baux-de-Provence. După 1969 a preluat conducerea școlii (ca director muzical și prim-dirijor) pe care a  înființat-o Pierre Monteux în statul american Maine, Pierre Monteux School for Conductors and Orchestra Musicians, lucrând acolo vreme de 26 de ani, până la decesul său de cancer la vârsta de 84 de ani.

Cenușa sa a fost depusă în Ierusalim.

Este cunoscut și pentru înregistrările și execuțiile multor lucrări muzicale din Secolul al XX-lea, unele fiind prime audiții, de asemenea a dirijat, între altele,  muzică franceză clasică (Berlioz), dar și muzica de compozitori din Europa Centrală și de est: Beethoven, Brahms, Stravinski,  Béla Bartók, Leoš Janáček, George Enescu, Serghei Prokofiev, György Ligeti, Iannis Xenakis, Olivier Messiaen, Pierre Boulez.

Note

Bibliografie
 http://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/22/obituaries/charles-bruck-84-european-conductor-and-music-teacher.html
 http://museoffireplay.squarespace.com/charles-bruck/

Nașteri în 1911
Decese în 1995
Dirijori americani
Dirijori francezi
Evrei din Banat
Nașteri pe 2 mai
Decese pe 16 iulie
Muzicieni evrei

Charles Bruck


The Blue Marble is a photograph of Earth taken on December 7, 1972, from a distance of around  from the planet's surface. Taken by the crew of the Apollo 17 spacecraft on its way to the Moon, it is one of the most reproduced images in history.

It mainly  shows Earth from the Mediterranean Sea to Antarctica. This was the first time the Apollo trajectory made it possible to photograph the south polar ice cap, despite the Southern Hemisphere being heavily covered in clouds. In addition to the Arabian Peninsula and Madagascar, almost the entire coastline of Africa and most of the Indian Ocean are clearly visible, a cyclone in the Indian Ocean is also visible, the South Asian mainland is on the eastern limb.

NASA has also applied the name to a 2012 series of images which cover the entire globe at relatively high resolution. These were created by looking through satellite pictures taken over time in order to find as many cloudless photographs as possible to use in the final images. NASA has verified that the 2012 "blue marble" images are composites, made from multiple images taken in low Earth orbit. Likewise, these images do not fit together properly and due to lighting, weather and cloud interference it is impossible to collect cohesive or fully clear images of the entire Earth simultaneously.

The photograph

The photograph, taken on December 7, 1972, is one of the most widely distributed photographic images in existence. The astronauts had the Sun above them when they took the image. To the astronauts, the slightly gibbous Earth had the appearance and size of a glass marble, hence the name.

History

Context
The Blue  Marble was not the first clear color image taken of an illuminated face of Earth, since such images by satellites had already been made and released as early as 1967, and is the second time such a photo was taken by a person after the 1968 photograph Earthrise taken by William Anders of Apollo 8.

Before the Blue Marble a picture of the fully illuminated Earth by the ATS-3 satellite was used in 1968 by Stewart Brand for his Whole Earth Catalog, after campaigning since 1966 to have NASA release a then-rumored satellite image of the entire Earth as seen from space. He got inspired during an LSD trip, seeing a "psychedelic illusion" of the Earth's curvature, convincing him that a picture of the entire planet would change how humans related to it. He sold and distributed buttons for 25 cents each that asked: "Why haven't we seen a photograph of the whole Earth yet?" During this campaign, Brand met Richard Buckminster Fuller, who offered to help Brand with his project. Several of the pins made their way to NASA employees.

The Apollo 17 image, however, released during a surge in environmental activism during the 1970s, became a symbol of the environmental movement, as a depiction of Earth's fragility, vulnerability, and isolation amid the vast expanse of space.

Today, as speculated by NASA archivist Mike Gentry, The Blue Marble is among the most widely distributed images in history.

Circumstances

The photograph's official NASA designation is AS17-148-22727. It is the third of a series of shots which were taken just before and are nearly identical, NASA photograph AS17-148-22725 and AS17-148-22726, the second also having been used as a full-Earth image. The widely published versions are cropped and chromatically adjusted from the original photographs.

According to the photograph description by NASA it was taken at  05:39 a.m. EST, 5 hours 6 minutes after launch of the Apollo 17 mission, and about 1 hour 54 minutes after the spacecraft left its parking orbit around Earth to begin its trajectory to the Moon. Alternatively, Eric Hartwell has identified it as having been taken slightly earlier at 5 hours 3 minutes, when one crew member states having changed the f-number, presumably between AS17-148-22725, the first of the series of photos, and the following less exposed images like the Blue Marble. At that time Africa was in noon daylight and with the December solstice approaching, Antarctica was also illuminated.

The photograph is at times oriented with Earth's south pointing up, relative to the capsule.

The picture shows many weather systems, featuring a Shapyro-Keyser cyclone near to the center of the image. Cyclone Sixteen (16B) can be seen in the upper right of the image. This storm had brought flooding and high winds to the Indian state of Tamil Nadu on December 5, two days before the photograph was taken. This image has also been used to validate state-of-the-art atmospheric reanalysis fifty years after it was taken.

The photographer used a 70-millimeter Hasselblad camera with an 80-millimeter Zeiss lens. NASA generally credits images to the whole crew of a mission. All crew members, Gene Cernan, Ronald Evans and Harrison Schmitt, took photographs during the mission with the onboard Hasselblad. They have largely avoided definitively answering the question of the photographer's identity by each member claiming to have taken it. However, interviews and evidence examined by Eric Hartwell after the mission suggest that Schmitt was the photographer.

Apollo 17 was the last crewed lunar mission. No human since has been far enough from Earth to photograph a whole-Earth image such as The Blue Marble, but whole-Earth images have been taken by many uncrewed spacecraft missions.

Subsequent Blue Marble images
Subsequent similar images of Earth (including composites at much higher resolution) have also been termed Blue Marble images, and the phrase "blue marble" (as well as the picture itself) is frequently used, as in the Earth flag by environmental activist organizations or companies attempting to promote an environmentally conscious image. There has also been a children's television program called Big Blue Marble. Poet-diplomat Abhay Kumar penned an Earth anthem inspired by the Blue Marble which contains "all the peoples and the nations of the world, one for all, all for one, united we unfurl the blue marble flag".

Imaging series 2001–2004

In 2002, NASA released an extensive set of satellite-captured imagery, including prepared images suitable for direct human viewing, as well as complete sets suitable for use in preparing further works. At the time, 1 km/pixel was the most detailed imagery available for free, and permitted for reuse without a need for extensive preparatory work to eliminate cloud cover and conceal missing data, or to parse specialized data formats. The data also included a similarly manually assembled cloud-cover and night-lights image sets, at lower resolutions.

A subsequent release was made in 2005, named Blue Marble Next Generation. This series of digital image mosaics was produced with the aid of automated image-sifting upon images from NASA's Earth Observatory, which enabled the inclusion of a complete, cloud-free globe for each month from January to December 2004, at even higher resolution (500 m/pixel). The original release of a single-image set covering the entire globe could not reflect the extent of seasonal snow-and-vegetative cover across both hemispheres, but this newer release closely modeled the changes of the seasons.

A number of interactive viewers for these data have also been released, among them a music visualization for the PlayStation 3 that is based on the texture data.

Blue Marble 2012

On January 25, 2012, NASA released a composite image of the Western Hemisphere of Earth titled Blue Marble 2012. Robert Simmon  is most notable for his visualization of the Western Hemisphere. The picture logged over 3.1 million views on the Flickr image hosting website within the first week of release. On February 2, 2012, NASA released a companion to this new Blue Marble, showing a composite image of the Eastern Hemisphere from data obtained on January 23, 2012.

The picture is composed of data obtained by the Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument on board the Suomi NPP satellite on January 4, 2012. The data was obtained from six orbits of the Earth by the Suomi NPP over an eight-hour period. The image was created using a near-sided perspective projection with the viewing point placed 2100 km (1300 miles) above 20° North by 100° West. This projection results in a very wide-angle presentation such as one might get with a fish-eye lens, and it does not include the whole hemisphere.

Black Marble 2012

On December 5, 2012, NASA released a nighttime view of Earth called Black Marble during an annual meeting of Earth scientists held by the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco. The images display all the human and natural matter that glows and can be detected from space. The data was acquired by the Suomi NPP satellite in April and October 2012 and then mapped over existing Blue Marble imagery of Earth to provide a realistic view of the planet. The Suomi NPP satellite completed 312 orbits and gathered 2.5 terabytes of data to get a clear shot of every parcel of the Earth's land surface. Named for satellite meteorology pioneer Verner Suomi, the satellite flies over any given point on Earth's surface twice each day and flies  above the surface in a polar orbit.

The nighttime views were obtained with the new satellite's "day-night band" of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), which detects light in a range of wavelengths from green to near-infrared, and uses filtering techniques to observe dim signals such as city lights, gas flares, auroras, wildfires, and reflected moonlight. Auroras, fires, and other stray light have been removed in the case of the Black Marble images to emphasize the city lights. The images have been used to study the spatial distribution of economic activity, to select sites for astronomical observatories, and to monitor human activities around protected areas.

DSCOVR

On July 21, 2015, NASA released a new Blue Marble photograph taken by a U.S. Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR), a solar weather and Earth observation satellite that was launched in February 2015 and will provide a near-continuous view of the entire sunlit-side of the Earth. The image was taken on July 6, 2015. The photograph, of the Western Hemisphere, is centered over Central America. The Western United States, Mexico and the Caribbean are visible, but much of South America is hidden beneath cloud cover. Greenland can be seen at the upper edge of the image.

The EPIC science team plans to upload 13 new color images per day on their website. The color balance has been adjusted to approximate an image that could be seen with the average human eye. In addition to images, scientific information will be uploaded as it becomes available after in-flight calibration is complete. The science information will be ozone and aerosol amounts, cloud reflectivity, cloud height, and vegetation information.  The EPIC instrument views the Earth from sunrise in the west to sunset in the east 12 to 13 times per day as the Earth rotates at 15 degrees of longitude per hour. Clearly visible are storms forming over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, major slowly moving "cloud rivers", dust aerosol plumes from Africa, the Sun's reflection in the oceans, ship exhaust tracks in the clouds, rivers and lakes, and the variegated land surface patterns especially in the African deserts. The spatial resolution of the color images is about 10 km (6 miles), and the resolution of the science products will be about 20 km (10 miles). Once every three months, lunar images are obtained that are the same as those viewed from Earth during a full Moon. On occasion, the other side of the Moon will appear in the Earth images as the Moon crosses in front of the Earth.

Cultural reception
The picture has been identified as one of the most widely publicised and influential images since its release, particularly in the advocacy for environmental protection.

Its reflection, and of images from space in general, has been in parts critically analyzed as distracting from human geographic issues and from being a technological product produced by a dominant spacefaring country, which developed the image and its overview effect as a boundless worldview instead of as an image inviting an intricate and critical overview.

See also

 DODGE, satellite which took the first color picture of the complete Earth disk
 Earth phases from the Moon
 Earthrise, another  widely reproduced picture of the Earth, taken in 1968 by Bill Anders aboard Apollo 8
 First images of Earth from space
 Himawari 8 and 9, geostationary satellites that produce an image of the Earth's full face every 10 minutes in the daytime
 List of photographs considered the most important
 Pale Blue Dot, a 1990 image of the Earth taken by Voyager 1
 Pale Orange Dot, a NASA digital model showing a possible early Earth
 , author who lobbied NASA in 1966 to release a satellite photograph of the entire Earth because he thought it would be a powerful symbol
 The Day the Earth Smiled
 Space selfie
 Whole Earth Catalog, an eclectic catalog compiled by Brand which was inspired in part by photographs of the Earth as a globe

Explanatory notes

References

External links

 NASA history of Blue Marble image releases

1972 photograph
 Apollo Image Atlas – Photos from magazine NN of the 70 mm Hasselblad camera used on Apollo 17 (includes the Blue Marble photo and similar photographs)
 Apollo 17 in Real-time – The moment the Blue Marble photo was taken in the context of the rest of the Apollo 17 mission
 A short list of places in which the image has been used

21st century NASA composite images
 Blue Marble (2002)
 Blue Marble Mapserver – Web interface for viewing small sections of the above
 Blue Marble: Next Generation (2005; one picture per month)
 Blue Marble Navigator – Web interface for viewing local sections of the above, incl. links to other such interfaces, download sites, etc.
 Blue Marble: Next Generation in NASA World Wind
 Wired: "New Satellite Takes Spectacular High-Res Image of Earth", with link to 2012 Composite in Super High Resolution
 "Earth at Night: It's the end of the night as you know it; you'll see fine." – NASA Earth Observatory site with various links around the 2012 and 2017 Black Marble images

1970s photographs
1972 works
1972 in art
Apollo program
Apollo 17
Color photographs
Gene Cernan
Harrison Schmitt
Photographs of Earth from outer space
Ronald Evans (astronaut)

The Blue Marble


Scott Ian Rosenfeld (New York, 31. prosinca 1963.) poznatiji samo kao Scott Ian, američki je glazbenik, najpoznatiji kao gitarist i jedan od osnivača američkog thrash metal sastava Anthrax.

Diskografija

Anthrax

Studijski albumi
 Fistful of Metal (1984.)
 Spreading the Disease (1985.)
 Among the Living (1987.)
 State of Euphoria (1988.)
 Persistence of Time (1990.)
 Sound of White Noise (1993.)
 Stomp 442 (1995.)
 Volume 8: The Threat Is Real (1998.)
 We've Come for You All (2003.)
 Worship Music (2011.)
 For All Kings (2016.)

Izvori

Američki gitaristi heavy metala

Scott Ian


Sørbyhaugen Station (Sørbyhaugen stasjon) var en metrostation på Røabanen på T-banen i Oslo. Stationen åbnede, da banen blev forlænget til Røa 24. januar 1935. I 1942 blev den forgreningsstation, da Kolsåsbanen åbnede. Togene på de to baner benyttede de samme spor fra Majorstuen til Sørbyhaugen, hvorefter de kørte hver deres vej. Stationen blev nedlagt 18. maj 1995 i forbindelse med ombygningen af Røabanen til metrostandard.

Eksterne henvisninger

Nedlagte T-banestationer i Oslo
Etableret i 1935
Ophørt i 1995

Sørbyhaugen Station


Armando Silvestre Carrascosa (San Diego, California; 28 de enero de 1926) es un actor mexicanoestadounidense. Ha trabajado internacionalmente haciendo películas en Estados Unidos, Argentina e Italia.

Biografía y carrera

Armando Silvestre Carrascosa nació el 28 de enero de 1926 en San Diego, California, Estados Unidos, pero es originario de Tijuana, México. Su padre era un prominente comerciante. Tuvo un hermano llamado Eduardo Silvestre, quién fue fisicoculturista y logró ganar todos los premios posibles en esta actividad física, incluyendo el Mr. Universo realizado en Canadá en el año 1959, además de participar en algunas películas mexicanas. Estudió en Estados Unidos. Es ahijado de Abelardo L. Rodríguez. Siendo joven, dejó la escuela y se intereso por comenzar a torear, pero se desintereso después de haber sido corneado gravemente por un toro. En su lugar, opto por aficionarse a las carreras de autos deportivos, perteneciendo a la escudería de los Hermanos Rodríguez. Adicionalmente, también se desempeñó en la equitación, buceo, golf y regatas de velero, por las que obtuvo numerosos trofeos. Su tía, la argumentista y escritora María Carrascosa, fue la que le sugirió probar suerte en la actuación, así que inició sus estudios en la escuela de Seki Sano.

En cine inicia con pequeñas intervenciones en 1945, ayudado por el director español Miguel Morayta; aunque gracias a su espectacular físico en poco tiempo la directora Matilde Landeta le da su primer papel protagónico en la cinta Lola Casanova (1947), al lado de Meche Barba, con quien iniciaría una relación, y la prestigiosa actriz Isabela Corona. Poco después viaja a Chiapas para rodar la cinta Rincón Brujo (1948), y es mientras la filma que inicia un romance con la protagonista Gloria Marin, significativo debido a que ella aún mantenía su relación con Jorge Negrete. Después vendrían sus primeras oportunidades en Hollywood en los films Wyoming Mail (1950), Apache drums (1951) y Mark of the Renegade (1951), en esta última pudo compartir set con dos de los mexicanos que lograron el éxito en Hollywood: Ricardo Montalbán y Gilbert Roland. A partir de entonces compagina su carrera entre el cine mexicano y de otros países, participando en cintas como Ahí viene Martín Corona (1952) y su continuación El enamorado (1952), en donde le dan el papel antagonista al de Pedro Infante, La red (1953) de Emilio "Indio" Fernández, ganadora de un premio especial en el festival de Cannes como la mejor película contada en imágenes y alternando con la sensual Rossana Podestà y el costarricense Crox Alvarado, Llévame en tus brazos (1954) de Julio Bracho, con Ninón Sevilla, Andrea Palma y Carlos López Moctezuma, Historia de un abrigo de mink (1955) con Silvia Pinal, La Tierra del Fuego se apaga (1955), producción  argentino mexicana, por la que fue contratado como actor con el "Indio" Fernández como director, Non scherzare con le donne (1955), filmada en Italia y La doncella de piedra (1955) con Elsa Aguirre y Víctor Manuel Mendoza.

Después de su participación en la cinta de luchadores La sombra vengadora en 1956 los productores empiezan a ver a Armando como una figura idónea para el cine de acción, y es en este tipo de cintas en las que logra el éxito en México, participando en cintas en donde alterna lo mismo con figuras consagradas como Luis Aguilar, David Silva, Roberto Cañedo, Columba Domínguez, Lilia Prado, Emilia Guiú, Víctor Junco, Lilia del Valle, Germán Valdés "Tin Tan" y Ana Luisa Peluffo, y las grandes figuras del cine de luchadores y de acción de los 60 y 70 como El Santo, Blue Demon, Wolf Ruvinskis, Lorena Velázquez, Julio Alemán y Fernando Casanova en las cintas  Ladrones de niños (1958), Neutrón el enmascarado (1960), La diligencia de la muerte (1961), Santo contra los zombies (1962), Las luchadoras contra el médico asesino (1962), La conquista del dorado (1965), La recta final (1966), Duelo de pistoleros (1966), La isla de los dinosaurios (1967) y Noche de muerte (1975). En Hollywood filma títulos interesantes como Kings of the Sun (1963) con Yul Brynner, The Scalphunters (1968) con Burt Lancaster, Two Mules for Sister Sara (1970) con Clint Eastwood y Shirley MacLaine y The Children of Sánchez (1978) con Anthony Quinn y Dolores del Río. Paralelamente a su carrera dentro de los "chili western"  filma otro tipo de historias, entre ellas la cinta de suspenso La puerta (1968) y las comedias Cuernos debajo de la cama (1969) alternando con dos de las mujeres más sensuales de la época: Tere Velázquez e Isela Vega y Las fieras (1969) con Mauricio Garcés; además de cintas de cierto  prestigio como  En esta cama nadie duerme (1971), Fe, esperanza y caridad (1974), La choca (1974), Las fuerzas vivas (1975) y  Zona Roja (1976) junto a otro símbolo sexual, Fanny Cano.

A la par de su carrera en cine trabaja en la televisión de México y Estados Unidos, en donde participó en la icónica serie La Mujer Maravilla, protagonizada por Lynda Carter. A partir de los años 80 su éxito en el cine de acción decae y acepta filmar  cintas del llamado cine de ficheras con títulos tan "sugerentes" como Las cabareteras (1980) y Entre ficheras anda el diablo (1984), además de cintas de acción de bajo presupuesto y videhomes, gracias a las cuales sigue vigente y con actividad constante. En el año 2010 recibió por parte de la asociación de periodistas cinematográficos de México (PECIME) una Diosa de plata especial por su trayectoria, misma que le fue entregada por su amiga, la actriz retirada Sasha Montenegro, con quien filmó un par de cintas.

A mediados del 2011 viaja a la ciudad de México (su residencia actual esta en Estados Unidos, en donde vive con su esposa y representante artística Blanca Estela Limón, anteriormente estuvo casado con la venezolana Leonor Plaza) para participar en la película La hija de Moctezuma  que marca el retorno al cine de María Elena Velasco "La india María".

En 2014 trabaja con la empresa Telemundo de Estados Unidos en la teleserie La impostora, protagonizada por Christian Bach y en la que tiene una participación especial.

Su más reciente trabajo fue Despertar contigo de la mano de Pedro Damián en el 2016, donde comparte créditos con Ela Velden, Daniel Arenas, Aura Cristina Geithner y Christian Chávez.

Filmografía

Referencias

Bibliografía
 David Piñera Ramírez, Jesús Ortiz Figueroa, Roberto Moreno, Miguel León Portilla, Historia de Tijuana: 1889–1989: edición conmemorativa del centenario de su fundación, Centro de Investigaciones Históricas UNAM-UABC, ISBN 9686260102, ISBN 9789686260106
 Enrique Serna, Jorge el bueno: la vida de Jorge Negrete, Volumen. Serie 3 Gallos Series, Clío, 1993, ISBN 9686932100, ISBN 9789686932102

Enlaces externos

Actores de México
Actores de cine de México
Actores de la Época de oro del cine mexicano
Actores de televisión de México
Mexicano-estadounidenses
Mexicanos nacidos en el exterior
Nacidos en San Diego (California)

Armando Silvestre


Aceasta este o listă de boieri români:

 Tudor Hagi Theodoraky
 Cleopatra Trubețkoi
 Adela Kogălniceanu
 Nicolae Dudescu
 Diicu Buicescu
 Constantin Dudescu
 Ioan Al. Filipescu
 Maria Filipescu
 Ion Glogoveanu
 Iancu Jianu
 Dediul Roșca Codreanu
 Ioan Roșca Codreanu

București
 Costache Chiorul, boiernaș

Oltenia
 Barbu Drugă

Moldova
 Gheorghe Boldur-Latescu

Muntenia
 Mareș Băjescu
 Staico Bucșanu (Merișanu)

Note

Lectură suplimentară
 Arhiva Genealogică Română (1944)
 Genealogii documentate ale familiilor boierești, 2 vol. (1913 - 1916), Ștefan Dimitrie Grecianu
 Reședințe și familii aristocrate din România, Narcis Dorin Ion, București, Institutul Cultural Român, 2007
 Familiile boierești din Moldova și Țara Românească. Enciclopedie istorică, genealogică și biografică, Mihai D. Sturdza (coord.), Ed. Simetria, București, vol. I - 2004, vol. II - 2011, vol. III - 2014.
 Marea arhondologie a boierilor Moldovei, 1835-1856, Mihai-Răzvan Ungureanu, Editura Universității "Al. I. Cuza,", 1997
 Arhondologia Moldovei, Constantin Sion, Tipografia Buciumul Român, Iași, 1892 - PDF
 Mentalități și moravuri la nivelul elitei din Muntenia și Moldova: (secolul al XIX-lea), Elena Olariu, Editura Universității din București, 2006

 Boieri după regiune
 Alexandru Filipașcu, Enciclopedia familiilor nobile maramureșene de origine română, Editura Dacia, 2006

Legături externe
 Au fost pe baricadele Unirii, 12 decembrie 2005, Cristina Diac, Jurnalul Național
 Boierimea si boieria, 5 decembrie 2005, Cristina Diac, Jurnalul Național
 Români cu sînge albastru , 4 august 2002, Evenimentul zilei

 Boierii zilelor noastre (I), 20 iulie 2010, Paula Herlo, Ziarul de Duminică
 REPORTAJUL SAPTAMANII / Boierii zilelor noastre (II), 28 iulie 2010, Paula Herlo, Ziarul de Duminică

 ISTORII DE AMOR Aventurile "boierilor-playboy": de la dueluri și răpiri din dragoste, până la desfrâuri cu o mie de femei, 18 februarie 2011, Maria Apostol,  Ana Maria Niculae, Adevărul
 Fițele și fashion-ul boierimii din târgul Bucureștilor, 10 octombrie 2013, Adevărul - articol Historia

 FOTOGALERIE Balurile și petrecerile la palat de altădată. Cum se distrau boierii și nobilii timpurilor trecute, 17 martie 2013, Corespondenți "adevărul", Adevărul

Vezi și
[]
Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu : Basarabii : cine? de unde? de când?

Listă de boieri români


NGC 5853 est une vaste galaxie spirale barrée relativement éloignée et située dans la constellation du Bouvier. Sa vitesse par rapport au fond diffus cosmologique est de , ce qui correspond à une distance de Hubble de . NGC 5853 a été découverte par l'astronome français Édouard Stephan en 1881.

Avec une brillance de surface égale à , on peut qualifier NGC 5853 de galaxie à faible brillance de surface (LSB en anglais pour ). Les galaxies LSB sont des galaxies diffuses (D) avec une brillance de surface inférieure de moins d'une magnitude à celle du ciel nocturne ambiant.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du New General Catalogue

Liens externes

 NGC 5853 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

5853
Constellation du Bouvier
Galaxie spirale
Galaxie spirale barrée
Galaxie à faible brillance de surface
Galaxie découverte en 1881
Objet céleste découvert par Édouard Stephan

NGC 5853


Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev (în ), cunoscut și sub numele Moș Dobri, Taica Dobri (în ) sau Sfântul din Bailovo, () a fost un ascet bulgar sărac, care din banii primiți ca milostenie, a contribuit la ctitorirea de biserici și mănăstiri ortodoxe bulgare.

Biografie
S-a născut pe 20 iulie 1914 în satul Bailovo. Tatăl lui, Dimităr, a murit în timpul Primului Război Mondial, iar mama sa, Katerina, și-a crescut singură copiii. Dobri Dobrev s-a căsătorit în 1940, la începutul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial. În timpul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial, în urma exploziei unei bombe aruncate asupra regiunii Sofia, Dobrev a rămas aproape surd. De când consătenii săi din Bailovo își amintesc, Moș Dobri dăruia fiecare bănuț pe care-l primea.

A avut patru copii, dintre care doi au murit înaintea lui. Era îngrijit de una din fiicele sale. În anul 2000, a dăruit tot ce avea Bisericii Ortodoxe și s-a mutat într-o cămăruță din curtea bisericii satului, închinată Sfinților Chiril și Methodie. Conform mărturiilor, dormea adesea pe jos și nu se folosea deloc de înlesnirile civilizației moderne; pe masă avea de cele mai multe ori doar câteva bucăți de pâine și niște roșii. În zilele reci de iarnă putea fi văzut cum își suflecă mâinile hainei sale negre ca să care găleți cu apă și lemne prin curtea bisericii aflată în proces de restaurare(un monument istoric, construit în 1884 de meșterul Gancio Smolsko Tifonov).

Mergea zilnic peste 25 de kilometri (în tinerețe pe jos, mai apoi cu autobuzul), de la Bailovo până în Sofia, purtând îmbrăcăminte croită de el, precum și opinci de piele, pentru a cerși. Nu era însă propriu-zis un cerșetor, deoarece nu păstra banii pentru el, ci îi dăruia bisericilor și mănăstirilor în nevoie. A făcut astfel donații în valoare de 40.000 de euro, bani strânși din milostenii. Pentru viața sa ascetică, pentru bunătatea și milostenia sa, a fost supranumit "Sfântul din Bailovo".

După o scurtă boală, a murit pe 13 februarie 2018, în vârstă de 103 ani, la Mănăstirea Kremikovți.

Activitate filantropică

Moș Dobri a adunat 10.000 de leva (cca. 5.000 de euro) pentru restaurarea bisericii Sf. Chiril și Methodie din Bailovo. A dăruit bani pentru reconstrucția bisericilor din Kalofer și Poibrene. A ajutat cu 25.000 de leva (cca. 13.000 de euro) la reconstruirea  Mănăstirii Eleșnița din satul Eleșnița.

Donația lui cea mai importantă, în valoare de 35.000 de leva (cca. 18.000 de euro), a fost făcută în mai 2009 pentru restaurarea Catedralei Aleksandr Nevski din Sofia. Bătrânul l-a căutat pe consilierul economic al bisericii, Stefan Kalaidiev, și i-a spus despre donația pe care intenționa s-o facă. Suma a fost depusă, bănuț cu bănuț, la o filială bancară din Novi Iskar de o rudă apropiată a sa. A fost cea mai mare donație din istoria de o sută de ani a catedralei; potrivit lui Stefan Kalaidiev, sumele anuale obținute din donațiile vizitatorilor bisericii, folosite la restaurarea acesteia, sunt într-un cuantum de 2000-2500 de leva (cca. 1000-1300 de euro). Cu banii primiți, s-a reușit restaurarea vechiului tron, s-au cumpărat noi veșminte și acoperăminte pentru altar și s-a reparat o spărtură din acoperiș. Ca mulțumire, unul din slujitorii catedralei, Ieromonahul Tihon, a mobilizat mai mulți credincioși ca să-l ajute, la rândul lor, pe Moș Dobri cu niște mobilă (un pat, niște scaune, un dulap etc.) pentru chiliuța sa din Bailovo. Acesta însă a refuzat să primească orice dar.

Cuvinte

Note

Legături externe
Nimic nu-l poate impedica să facă ce vrea

Nașteri în 1914
Decese în 2018
Asceți
Centenari bulgari

Dobri Dobrev


خير الدين الزِّرِكْلي (بكسر الزاي والراء) (ولد 9 من ذي الحجة 1310 هـ /25 حزيران 1893م في بيروت - توفي من ذي الحجة 1396 هـ / 25 نوفمبر 1976) كاتب ومؤرخ وشاعر وقومي سوري. كان والده تاجرًا دمشقيًا معروفًا. تنقل الزِّرِكْلي في عدد من البلاد العربية بين دمشق ومكة المكرّمة والرياض والمدينة المنورة وعمّان وبيروت والقاهرة، وغيرها. لقد كان شاعراً يهاجم الاستعمار الفرنسي بشعره البديع، ويتعاون مع المجاهدين في مقاومة الفرنسيين، فما كان من الفرنسيين المستعمرين إلا أن يحكموا عليهِ بالإعدام أكثر من مرّة، وكان يفلت من أيديهم في كل مرة، ويهجوهم هجاءً مرّاً في شعره.

عمل في السلك الدبلوماسي السعودي، وشغل منصب وزير مفوض ومندوب للسعودية في جامعة الدول العربية، وفي عام 1957م عُيّن سفيراً للسعودية في المملكة المغربية، وكان هذا آخر ما شغل من المناصب.

أصدر للصحافة كلاً من صحيفة الحياة في القدس، صحيفة لسان العرب، مجلة الأصمعي، وصحيفة المُفيد في دمشق. وله في الطباعة والنشر المطبعة العربية التي أسسها في القاهرة، ومن أشهر مؤلفاته كتاب (الأعلام) وهو من أكبر كتب التراجم العربية في العصر الحديث، قضى في تأليفه وتجديده نحو 60 عاماً، إضافة إلى نحو 10 مؤلفات أخرى، منها (ديوان الزركلي) الذي جُمعت فيه قصائده ونُشرت بعد وفاته عام 1980م.

مولده ونشأته

اسمه الكامل هو خير الدين بن محمود بن محمد بن علي بن فارس الزِرِكْلِيّ من أصل كردي. نشأ في دمشق وتعلم في مدارسها الأهلية وأخذ عن معلميها الكثير من العلوم خاصة الأدبية منها. كان مولعاً في صغره بكتب الأدب، وقال الشعر في صباه.

أتم دراسته (القسم العلمي) في المدرسة الهاشمية بدمشق، ثم عمل فيها مدرساً بعد التخرج، كما أصدر مجلة الأصمعي الأسبوعية فصادرتها الدولة العثمانية، وانتقل إلى بيروت لدراسة الآداب الفرنسية في الكلية العلمانية (اللاييك)، وبعد التخرج عُيّن في نفس الكلية أستاذاً للتاريخ والأدب العربي.

بعد الحرب العالمية الأولى، أصدر في دمشق جريدة يومية أسماها (لسان العرب) إلاّ أنها أُقفلت، ثم شارك في إصدار جريدة المفيد اليومية وكتب فيها الكثير من المقالات الأدبية والاجتماعية.

على أثر معركة ميسلون ودخول الفرنسيين إلى دمشق حُكم عليه من قبل السلطة الفرنسية بالإعدام غيابياً وحجز أملاكه إلاّ إنه كان مغادراً دمشق إلى فلسطين، ثم مصر فالحجاز.

سنة 1921م تجنس الزركلي بالجنسية العربية في الحجاز، وانتدبه الملك حسين بن علي لمساعدة ابنه الأمير عبد الله بإنشاء الحكومة الأولى في عمّان، حيث كلّف بمنصب مفتش عام في وزارة المعارف ثم رئيساً لديوان الحكومة (1921ـ 1923). ولقد ألغت الحكومة الفرنسية قرار الإعدام على الزركلي فرجع إلى بلده سورية، وأنشأ المطبعة العربية في مصر حيث طبع فيها بعض كتبه وكتباً أخرى. أصدر في القدس مع رفيقين له جريدة (الحياة) اليومية، إلاّ أن الحكومة الإنجليزية عطّلتها فأنشأ جريدة يومية أخرى في يافا، واختير عضواً في المجمع العلمي العربي بدمشق سنة 1930م.

عينه الأمير فيصل بن عبد العزيز آل سعود سنة 1934 مستشاراً للوكالة ثم (المفوضية) العربية السعودية بمصر، كما عُيّن مندوباً عن السعودية في مداولات إنشاء جامعة الدول العربية، ثم كان من الموقعين على ميثاقها. مثّل الأمير فيصل آل سعود في عدة مؤتمرات دولية، وشارك في الكثير من المؤتمرات الأدبية والاجتماعية، وفي عام 1946م عين وزيراً للخارجية في الحكومة السعودية متناوباً مع الشيخ يوسف ياسين، وكذلك متناوباً معه العمل في جامعة الدول العربية، واختير في نفس العام عضواً في مجمع اللغة العربية بمصر.

عام 1951م عُيّن وزيراً مفوضاً ومندوباً دائماً للسعودية لدى جامعة الدول العربية، وهناك باشر بطبع مؤلفه (الأعلام). من عام 1957م وحتى عام 1963، عين سفيراً ومندوباً بالمرتبة الممتازة (حسب التصنيف الرسمي) للحكومة السعودية في المغرب كما انتخب في المجمع العلمي العراقي سنة 1960م.

منحته الحكومة السعودية بسبب مرض ألمّ به إجازة للراحة والتداوي غير محدودة، فأقام في بيروت ودمشق يزورها بين الحين والآخر وعكف على إنجاز كتاب في سيرة عاهل الجزيرة الأول الملك عبد العزيز آل سعود وأخذ يقوم من حين لآخر برحلات إضافة لدمشق إلى موطنه الثاني السعودية والقاهرة وتركيا وإيطاليا وسويسرا. قام برحلات إلى الخارج يذكر أنها أفادته كثيراً:
 إلى إنجلترا سنة (1946) ومنها إلى فرنسا، ممثّلا للحكومة السعودية في اجتماعات المؤتمر الطبي الأول في باريس.
 إلى الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية سنة (1947) بمهمة رسمية غير سياسية، حضر خلالها بعض اجتماعات هيئة الأمم المتحدة.
 إلى أثينا العاصمة اليونانية سنة (1954) بصفة وزير مفوض ومندوب فوق العادة وجعل طريق عودته منها إلى إستنابول لزيارة بعض مكتباتها.
 إلى تونس سنة (1955) مندوباً لحضور مؤتمر أقامه الحزب الدستوري فيها، ومنها إلى إيطاليا لزيارة أهم مكتباتها.

كان شاعراً مجيداً، ومؤرخاً ثقة، ويكفيه أنه صاحب الأعلام. قام خير الدين الزركلي في مصر بدور مميز في تنفيذ المهمات القومية السياسية والإعلامية، وذلك من خلال اللقاءات والاجتماعات وكتابة المقالات ونشر الأشعار القومية والوطنية. وتناول الزركلي المستعمرين وأذنابهم بنبرة حادة خشيها الفرنسيون في سوريا كثيراً، فحكموا عليه غيابياً بالإعدام وبحجز أملاكه، وقد تلقى الزركلي النبأ برباطة جأش وقال:

عندما انطلقت الثورة السورية عام 1925م، انطلقت ثورة الزركلي الشعرية بكل لهيبها وروحيتها العربية، فأخذ ينظم القصائد ويرسلها إلى دمشق إماّ منشورة على صفحات الجرائد السورية والمصرية، وإماّ بوسائل النقل الأخرى، فأصبحت أبيات قصائده الوطنية على ألسنة الناس يتغنون بها في شوارع المدن السورية. كانت ردود الفعل الفرنسية أقوى من ردود فعلها عام 1920م فأذاعت حكماً عليه ثانياً غيابياً بالإعدام، وطالبت الحكومة المصرية بإسكاته أو طرده من مصر غير أن الزركلي لم يكترث وظل يرسل قصائده الوطنية من القاهرة سراً، شاحذاً همم العرب حتى لا يسكتوا على الاستعمار ولا يتوانى أحدهم عن النضال. يقول:

بنى الزركلي علاقات حميمة مع الكتاب والشعراء والمفكرين في مصر، من منطلق أهمية الكلمة التحضيرية في تعزيز الشعور الوطني والقومي في نفوس الجماهير العربية التي تعيش الهم القومي بكل جوانبه من هؤلاء الشاعر أحمد شوقي الذي ألقى قصيدته في حفل أقيم في القاهرة عام 1926، لإعانة المتضررين في سوريا حين قامت وانطلقت الثورة السورية الثورة ضد المستعمر الفرنسي والتي مطلعها:

يشخص الزركلي صورة الدأب العلمي المنتج في كتابه الأعلام الذي جمع فيه فأوعى فكان بحق أيسر وأشمل معجم عربي مختصر في تاريخ الرجال. فكان الزركلي في حياته مثالاً: للثائر والشاعر والباحث.

مؤلفاته
 كتاب الوَجيز في سِيرَة الملك عَبد العزيز: يعد من أوفى المصادر وأدقها في تاريخ الملك عبد العزيز وتاريخ المملكة العربية السعودية في عهده.
 كتاب الأعلام للزركلي، وهو قاموس تراجم لأشهر الرجال والنساء من العرب والمستعربين والمستشرقين يقع في ثمانية مجلدات. ويعد من أفضل الكتب العربية المؤلفة في مجال التراجم في العصر الحديث، وقضى الزركلي في تأليفه قرابة الستين عامًا، وتمتاز تراجمه ببساطة الأسلوب اللغوي وسلامته، والدقة في الكتابة والإحالة إلى مراجع الترجمة.
 كتاب (ما رأيت وما سمعت)، سجل فيه أحداث رحلته من دمشق إلى فلسطين فمصر فالحجاز.
 الجزء الأول من ديوان أشعاره، وفيه بعض ما نظم من شعر إلى سنة صدوره (1925).
 كتاب (عامان في عمّان)، مذكرات الزركلي أثناء إقامته في عمّان وهو في جزأين.
 ماجدولين والشاعر، قصة شعرية قصيرة.
 كتاب شبه الجزيرة في عهد الملك بن عبد العزيز.
 الملك عبد العزيز في ذمة التاريخ.
 صفحة مجهولة من تاريخ سوريا في العهد الفيصلي.
 الجزء الثاني من ديوان أشعاره (1925ـ 1970).
 قصة تمثيلية نثرية أسماها (وفاء العرب).

شعره
صدر لهُ ديوان، قال في شعره:

 ولهُ من قصيدة يحث فيها الأمير عبد الله على نجدة سوريا التي احتلها الفرنسيون يقول فيها:

انظر أيضًا
 سليم الزركلي

وصلات خارجية
 قراءة في تاريخ الزركلي وشعره وأعلامه

مصادر
 خير الدين الزركلي 1309-1396هـ/1893-1976م: المؤرخ الأديب الشاعر صاحب كتاب الأعلام، أحمد العلاونة، دار القلم، دمشق، 1423هـ/2002م.
 علم الأعلام: خير الدين الزركلي، (د.ن)، دمشق، 1398هـ/1978م.
 خير الدين الزركلي: دراسة وتوثيق، أحمد إبراهيم العلاونة، دارة الملك عبد العزيز، الرياض، 1433هـ/2013م.

المراجع

المصادر

 معجم أعلام المورد، منير البعلبكي، دار العلم للملايين، بيروت، طبعة أولى 1992، ص(220).
 ترجمته - مركز الشرق العربي للدراسات الحضارية والاستراتيجية

أكراد سوريا
دبلوماسيون سعوديون
سعوديون متجنسون
سعوديون من أصل سوري
سعوديون من أصل لبناني
سفراء السعودية لدى المغرب
سفراء السعودية لدى مصر
سوريون من أصل لبناني
شعراء سوريون في القرن 20
قوميون سوريون
كتاب سيرة سوريون
كتاب وكاتبات سوريون
مواليد 1310 هـ
مواليد 1893
مواليد في بيروت
موسوعيون سوريون
مؤرخو القرن 20
مؤرخون دمشقيون
مؤرخون سوريون
كتاب عرب
وفيات 1396 هـ
وفيات 1976
وفيات بعمر 83
وفيات في القاهرة
مؤرخون سوريون في القرن 20

خير الدين الزركلي


DM (Danmarksmesterskabet) i banecykling  afholdes årligt på de tre danske cykelbaner. Det første officielle danmarksmesterskab i banecykling blev afholdt af Dansk Bicycle Club (DBC) på Ordrupbanen nord for København i 1894. Som Danmarks ældste cykleklub stod DBC for afviklingen af de danske banemesterskaber frem til Danmarks Cykle Unions grundlæggelse i 1946. Fra 1992 og frem er mesterskaberne blevet afholdt som 'OPEN', dvs. for amatører såvel som for professionelle.

Herre

Sprint

 Lars Brian Nielsen blev frataget sit mesterskaber i 2002 efter en positiv dopingtest. Testen overskred den tilladte værdi for koffein.

Individuelt forfølgelsesløb

 Amatørerne kørte over 5.000 meter frem til og med 1945, fra 1946 ændredes distancen til 4.000 meter.

1.000 meter på tid

Keirin

Holdløb

Pointløb

Parløb

Scratchløb

Omnium

Holdsprint

Derny

Damer

Sprint

Individuelt forfølgelsesløb

500 meter på tid

 Kørtes som 1.000 meter på tid

Pointløb

Scratchløb

Omnium

Parløb

U23 Herre

Individuelt Forføgelsesløb

Herre Junior

Sprint

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Tandem

Referencer
Med mindre andet er angivet Danmarks Cykle Union's resultat oversigt: DM-Medaljevindere gennem tiderne på cyklingdanmark.dk

Eksterne henvisninger
 Danmarks Cykle Union's officielle hjemmeside
 Dansk Bicycle Club's officielle hjemmeside
 Aarhus Cyklebane's officielle hjemmeside
 Odense Cyklebane's officielle hjemmeside

Banecykling
Cykelløb i Danmark
Cykelløb i banecykling

DM i banecykling


مئذنة جام (فارسية:منار جام) هي إحدى مواقع اليونسكو للتراث العالمي في غرب أفغانستان. تقع المنارة في ولاية غور بجانب نهر هریرود، حوالي 215كم شرقي هرات. ارتفاع الموقع هو 1900م فوق مستوى البحر، وتحيط به جبال يبلغ ارتفاعها 3500م فوق مستوى البحر، تم إنشاء المنارة في نهاية القرن الثاني من الألفية الثانية للميلاد (حوالي سنة 1190 ميلادية). تعرف المئذنة بأنها بناء رشيق وممشوق، تبلغ من الارتفاع 65م، تغطيها زخرفة من القرميد وفي قمتها كتابة بالقرميد الأزرق، وتوجد عليها كتابات قرآنية. إن وجود المئذنة في حالتها الطبيعية معجزة، فهذه واحدة من النصب القليلة التي ضلت بعد اجتياح المغول للمنطقة عام 1222. لكن خطر تعرضها للهدم من قبل عوامل طبيعية ما يزال قائماً.

الاكتشاف

لعدة قرون، ظلت هذه المئذنة منسية في العالم الخارجي حتى أعيد اكتشافها عام 1886 على يد السير توماس هولدتش، لكن اكتشافه لم يصل إلى انتباه العالم. في عام 1957 تم اكتشاف المنارة على يد علماء آثار فرنسيين، وعن طريق أعمالهم وضعت مسوحات حول الموقع في سبعينات القرن الماضي، لكنها توقفت بعد الغزو السوفييتي لأفغانستان.

الموقع الأثري نجح في التأهل لأن يكون أحد مواقع التراث العالمي في 2002، ليكون بذلك أول موقع يترشح لذلك في أفغانستان. ولقد وضع أيضا في قائمة مواقع التراث العالمي المعرضة للخطر لليونسكو، بسبب الحالة الغير مستقرة في الحفاظ على المئذنة وتعرض الموقع للنهب.

التهديد

المئذنة حاليا مهددة بالتعرية، وتسرب المياه والفيضانات، التي تحدث عن طريق زيادة منسوب المياه في نهري هاري وجام. والتهديد الآخر هو حدوث الفيضانات بصورة متكررة في المنطقة وحصول السرقات الأثرية في الموقع، ونتيجة لهذه الظروف بدأت المئذنة بالميلان، ما يتطلب العمل على تحقيق الاستقرار في التقدم لوقف هذا الخطر.

معرض الصور

انظرأيضًا

 قائمة أطول المآذن

المراجع

مآذن
مواقع أثرية في أفغانستان
مواقع التراث العالمي المعرضة للخطر
مواقع التراث العالمي في أفغانستان
مبان ومنشآت في ولاية غور

مئذنة جام


Survivor 3 (2022.) (hrv. Opstanak: Dominikanska Republika), također poznat i kao Survivor: Dominikanska Republika,  treća je sezona Survivor Hrvatska, a peta sezona Survivor Srbija. To je prva višenarodna sezona nakon 10 godina stanke. Sezona serijala krenula je s prikazivanjem 14. ožujka 2022. na hrvatskom televizijskom kanalu Nova TV. U Srbiji je emisija krenula s prikazivanjem isti dan na kanalu Nova S. Prikazivanje je završilo 5. lipnja 2022. Pobjednici su Stefan Nivistić i Nevena Blanuša.

Format
Plemena podijeljena po narodnosti: U postavi je 9 Hrvata, 8 Srba, 2 Crnogoraca i jedan državljanin Bosne i Hercegovine. Hrvati te Bosanci i Hercegovci su u jednom plemenu dok su Srbi i Crnogorci u drugom.

Proizvodnja
United Group otvorila je prijave 14. listopada 2021. Show se počeo prikazivati 14. ožujka 2022. na Novoj TV u Hrvatskoj, Novoj S u Srbiji, Novoj BH u Bosni i Hercegovini i Novoj M u Crnoj Gori. Srbijanske kuće izvještavale su o srpskim i crnogorskim natjecateljima, dok su hrvatske i bosanskohercegovačke natjecateljice izvještavale o hrvatskim i bosanskohercegovačkim natjecateljima. Kada se prikazuje u Srbiji i Crnoj Gori, Bojan Perić je primarni voditelj. Kada se prikazuje u Hrvatskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini, Mario Mlinarić je primarni voditelj. Međutim, oboje se pojavljuju u emisiji bez obzira na zemlju.

Pravila natjecanja
Natjecatelji su podijeljeni u dva plemena. Svako pleme ima svoje ime, zastavu i određenu boju, a početni zadatak je izgraditi sklonište od materijala koje nađu u okruženju u kojem se nalaze, ali i od sredstava koja dobivaju kao nagradu tijekom natjecanja. Ovisno o godišnjem dobu u kojem se nalaze, dobivaju i minimalan broj predmeta za preživljavanje – najčešće su to noževi, kante za vodu i voda za piće. Vatru također moraju paliti na različite načine, obično onako kako su to činili naši preci, ali postoji mogućnost da kroz uspješno izvršenje zadatka osvoje sredstva za paljenje.
Pred plemenima se nalaze različiti izazovi koji iziskuju i fizički i psihički napor. A svi imaju isti cilj – osvojiti imunitet i spasiti se od izbacivanja iz showa. Natjecatelji često moraju prolaziti kroz testove izdržljivosti, timskog rada, ali prije svega snage volje. No bit će i onih kojima je draže pokazati koliko su snalažljivi u prikupljanju namirnica i kuhanju lokalne hrane.

Postoje dvije vrste izazova: Nagrada i Imunitet. U nagradnom izazovu natjecatelji se bore osvojiti 'luksuzne' stvari koje im nisu neophodne za osnovni život, ali olakšavaju boravak i čine ga ugodnijim, poput šibica, kremena, kraćih putovanja dalje od kampa…

U izazovu Imunitet natjecatelji se bore za zaštitu od izbacivanja, koje se događa na posebnoj ceremoniji, a koju izvodi 'Plemensko vijeće'.
Kada u natjecanju ostane manji broj kandidata, dolazi do spajanja plemena i od tog trenutka borba za rješavanje zadataka postaje individualna!
Ipak, sama igra puna je iznenađenja i preokreta pa tako postoji mogućnost da prije ujedinjenja plemena razmijene svoje članove, nekad slučajnim izborom, a nekad pregovorima dvaju kapetana plemena.
Kako bi se igra dodatno zakomplicirala, postoji i skriveni idol koji daje imunitet, a natjecatelj ga treba pronaći. To je maleni predmet koji se uklapa u ambijent zemlje u kojoj se nalaze, a obično je skriven blizu kampa. U pojedinom ciklusu samo jedan natjecatelj smije tražiti imunitet.

Kada igrač pronađe predmet, može ga iskoristiti u različite svrhe poput cjenkanja s drugim igračima za savez ili, pak, oko glasovanja za izbacivanje. Predmet ga štiti od izbacivanja, ali samo do određenog nivoa igre. Natjecatelj može birati hoće li pokazati skrivenog idola drugima. U svakom slučaju, ostali natjecatelji ne mogu ukrasti ili na bilo koji drugi način prisvojiti predmet tog određenog natjecatelja.

Natjecatelji

Sažetak sezone
20 natjecatelja; 9 iz Hrvatske, 1 iz Bosne i Hercegovine, 8 iz Srbije i 2 iz Crne Gore, podijeljeno je u dva plemena, Hrvati i Bosanci i Hercegovci u jednomu, a Srbi i Crnogorci u drugomu. Njihova imena su izvorno bila "Plavo pleme" i "Crveno pleme". Na prvom plemenskom vijeću nazvani su Azua i Mao (koje je kasnije ukinuto). Pleme Mao pokazalo je veću dominaciju od Azua u izazovima i bilo je dobrog raspoloženja. Pleme Azua bilo je manje dominantno i shvatilo je igru mnogo ozbiljnije, čak je došlo i do svađa u kampu. Također su zauzeli različite pristupe u Plemenskom vijeću. Dok je Mao bio usredotočen na imenovanje slabijih članova, Azua je bio u redu s imenovanjem nekih od svojih najjačih igrača ako je to značilo da mogu pobijediti u dvoboju i vratiti se u pleme.

Dvanaestog dana, plemena su obaviještena da je, uz njihova 2 otoka, u igri i treći otok. Sadržaj trećeg otoka otkriven je 14. dana kada su se igri pridružila četiri nova natjecatelja. Hrvoje Habdija i Nevena Blanuša pridružili su se Azui dok su se Mao pridružili Jovana Tomić i Ramiz Gusinac. 24. dana Ivana Peček zamijenila je Ivanu Banfić koja je medicinski evakuirana.

S 15 igrača koji su još uvijek bili u igri, plemena su pozvana na zabavu spajanja. Međutim, to ne bi bilo uobičajeno spajanje; oba bi plemena živjela zajedno na novoj plaži, ali bi i dalje ostala podijeljena, natječući se jedni protiv drugih u izazovima i boreći se za sebe, na sličan način kao što je One World twist iz američke verzije. Tada je započela i faza žirija, u kojoj je svaki sljedeći eliminirani natjecatelj postao članom žirija. Nakon što je Mina Nikolić prva ušla u žiri, igra se još jednom promijenila. Nakon što je Nagradni izazov održan 50. dana, plemena su prirodno očekivala još jednu Nagradu 51. dana, ali umjesto toga, to je bio Izazov za imunitet, a pleme koje je izgubilo nominiralo bi dva igrača; jednog bi nominiralo pleme, a drugog bi nominirao pobjednik Individualnog imuniteta. Prva žrtva ove promjene bio je Branko Milošev, koji je postao drugi član žirija. Ovaj obrazac se nastavio, s još jednom nagradom u sljedećem krugu, nakon čega je uslijedio još jedan zadatak za imunitet gdje su primijenjena ista pravila, što je rezultiralo time da je Roko Simić postao treći član žirija.

Kada ih je ostalo 9, natjecatelji su obaviješteni da se približavaju četvrtfinalu, ali da bi se odlučilo tko će do njih doći, održat će se niz plemenskih dvoboja. Mao se natjecao za "stratešku prednost", iako im nije rečeno koja bi prednost bila. Prednost je osvojio Stefan Nevistić. Azua se natjecao za Individualni imunitet kako bi osigurao da će plemena čak ući u četvrtfinale. Imunitet je osvojio Goran Špaleta koji je predložio Nevena Blanušu, dok je Pleme kandidiralo Tomislava Rubinjonija. Tomislav je ispao u dvoboju.

Tijekom cijele igre, Azua je uspjela preokrenuti svoju sreću pobjedivši Maoa u mnogim izazovima, ali nisu bili sigurni od disfunkcije. Osnovan je savez kako bi se zaštitile njihove članice, ali kako je etika dovedena u pitanje, nekoliko članova plemena okrenuto je jedno protiv drugog. Uz to su pretrpjeli još jednu medicinsku evakuaciju s Viktorom Bobićem. U međuvremenu u Maou, drama je prvenstveno dolazila od njihovog pokušaja nadmašiti Azuu, često tvrdeći da su njihove nominacije besmislene i nazivajući ih jadnim sportašima. Uz to, savez "velike petorke" Maše Kuprešanin, Milice Dabović, Stefana Nevistića, Stevana Stevanovića i Vladimira Govedarice mučio se da ukloni svoju slabu kariku Nađu Erić, koja je u svakom duelu u koji je upućivana pobjeđivala, unatoč slabosti u plemenski izazovi, smanjujući savez na tri. Njih troje i Nađa plasirali su se u finalni tjedan, uz Azuin "zlatni dečko" Goran Špaleta, newbie Nevena Blanuša, energična i snažna Nika Rakić te originalna voditeljica Tena Tomljanović.

U polufinalu su Goran i Stefan izborili imunitet i prošli u finale. Milica, Nađa, Nevena i Tena morale su se izjasniti pred žirijem, a osoba iz svakog plemena koja je dobila najviše glasova žirija prošla bi u finale zajedno s Goranom i Stefanom. Milica je prošla kroz Plemensko vijeće neozlijeđena, ali je prozvana zbog svoje percipirane manipulativnosti; Nađa je kritizirana zbog svoje društvene neosviještenosti i loših nastupa na izazovima; Nevena je prozvana zbog svojih spletkarenja; a Tena je dobila zamjerku zbog izbora da nominira svoju prijateljicu Sumejju Šejto, zbog čega je u dvoboju izgubila od Nike, umjesto da je glasala protiv Nike, čime bi sve tri bile u dvoboju. Kada je žiri trebao glasati za ulazak u finale članice grupe Mao, Milica je pobijedila Nađu rezultatom 7-2. Kada je došlo vrijeme glasanja za prolaz članice Azue u finale, Nevena je jednoglasno pobijedila Tenu s 9-0 glasova.

Goran i Nevena ostali su kao Croatian Final Two, što znači da će jedan od njih dobiti titulu Croatian Sole Survivor, dok su Milica i Stefan ostali kao Serbian Final Two, što znači da će jedan dobiti titulu Serbian Sole Survivor. Na kraju je Stefan pobijedio Milicu za titulu Serbian Sole Survivor, dok je Nevena pobijedila Gorana za titulu Croatian Sole Survivor.

Izazovite pobjednike i eliminacije po epizodama
Epizode se prikazuju pet dana u tjednu. Dvije epizode posvećene su dvama izazovima za nagradu, a ostale tri epizode posvećene su izazovima imuniteta, plemenskim vijećima, zajedno s izazovima imuniteta pojedinca za pleme koje gubi. Posljednja epizoda svakog tjedna posvećena je eliminacijskom dvoboju koji odlučuje tko će biti eliminiran. Ovaj je format promijenjen počevši od epizode 47, kada je obrazac promijenjen u Nagrada-Imunitet-Nagrada-Imunitet, a posljednja epizoda svakog tjedna bila je posvećena Individualnom imunitetu, Plemenskom vijeću i dvoboju. Posljednjih 5 epizoda emitirano je od 30. svibnja do 5. lipnja, a petak je preskočen.

Sažetak prema epizodama postavljenim na online stranici Nova TV:

Bilješke
1.Epizode prikazivane četvrtkom i petkom, u online verziji predstavljene su kao jedna epizoda.
2.Pobijedio pojedinačni izazov za imunitet kao član plemena koje je izgubilo.
3.Glasovanje je završilo kao neriješeno. Prema pravilika, javno ponovno glasovanje je održano.
4.Ivana B. se ozlijedila na dan 7 (Izazov za nagradu) i nije bila u mogućnosti pristupiti Plemenskom vijeću, dati svoj glas, ili biti izglasana zato što je tretirana za ozljede do dana 9.
5.Glasovanje je završilo kao neriješeno. Prema pravilika, javno ponovno glasovanje je održano.
6.Pošto je ovo Pleme izgubilo oba Izazova za imunitet, osoba koja je pobijedila pojedinačni imunitet zadržala ga je i za drugo Plemensko vijeće.
7.Viktor se ozlijedio u Izazovu za imunitet i nije bio u mogućnosti prisustvovati na Plemenskom vijeću, dati svoj glas, ili biti izglasan zato jer je bio tretiran za ozljede. Napušta igru u 25. epizodi.

Zanimljivosti
 Uvodna špica je jedino objavljena online.
 Fotografije plemena Plavi imaju drugu verziju promotivnih fotografija.
 Nove fotografije natjecatelja od 25. epizode.
 Samo treći tjedan igre ekipe/plemena su se zvali Azua (Plavi) i Mao (Crveni). Kasnije su se vratili na izvorna imena.
 Sezona je zaključena sa dva pobjednika, jedan iz svakog plemena.
 Pred kraj sezone uveden je žiri koji je imao ulogu izglasati dvoje natjecatelja koje bi htjeli vidjeti u finalu.
 Snimanje je završilo je početkom svibnja 2022., dok je finale prikazano 5. lipnja iste godine.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Survivor NOVA TV
Survivor NOVA S

Televizijske emisije na NOVA TV-u
Reality show

Survivor 3 (2022.)


Severin Hacker (Zug, 1984) é um cientista da computação suíço, cofundador e CTO do Duolingo, a plataforma de aprendizado de idiomas mais popular do mundo.

Biografia
Hacker nasceu e cresceu em Zug e estudou na ETH Zurich. Em uma entrevista de 2020, Hacker especificou que os jogos desempenharam um grande papel em seu interesse pela ciência da computação: "O que originalmente me atraiu para os computadores foram os videogames e o desejo de construir seus próprios jogos e entender como esses jogos são construídos. Eu estava um pouco obcecado."

Ele se mudou para Pittsburgh para estudar na Carnegie Mellon University, onde co-fundou o Duolingo com Luis von Ahn em 2009.

Ele recebeu seu B.S. em Ciência da Computação pela ETH Zurich em 2006 e seu PhD em Ciência da Computação pela Universidade Carnegie Mellon em 2014.

Fundação do Duolingo
Inicialmente, Hacker e seu ex-orientador de pós-graduação, Luis von Ahn, queriam desenvolver um aplicativo que pudesse traduzir sites da internet, para que fossem acessíveis para não falantes de inglês. Eles sentiram que o software de tradução automática não era tão eficaz quanto usar as habilidades e o conhecimento de falantes bilíngues. Durante os estudos de doutorado de Hacker, o Duolingo se tornou um subproduto dessa ideia, ou "feliz erro". O objetivo de Hacker para o Duolingo era torná-lo "cem por cento gratuito" para que a pessoa mais desfavorecida com uma conexão à internet ainda tivesse acesso a ele.

Duolingo
Hacker e sua equipe de estudantes de doutorado usaram aprendizado de computador para personalizar o Duolingo para cada usuário. Especificamente, eles queriam prever quais conceitos de linguagem o usuário estava prestes a esquecer. Em 2012, um estudo de universidades americanas mostrou que gastar 34 horas de aprendizado no Duolingo era equivalente a um semestre inteiro de um curso universitário de idiomas. Em 2015, Hacker e von Ahn começaram a vender traduções, como para o grupo de notícias de tecnologia espanhol da CNN.

Filosofia de retenção
Há duas partes na "Filosofia de Retenção" de Hacker: o aprendizado deve ser divertido e a motivação deve permanecer alta. Por meio do Duolingo, Hacker quer que os usuários tenham a opção de aumentar sua 'cota de permanência em sintonia', o que envolve ajustar o tempo de aprendizado e a dificuldade do curso. Outra ideia derivada da filosofia de Hacker foi aplicar a gamificação ao Duolingo. Isso foi para aplicar elementos e princípios de jogo em vez de ferramentas de aprendizado em sala de aula ao curso.

Prêmios e honras

 Em 2014, Hacker recebeu o Crunchie Award de Melhor Startup.
 Em 2014, Hacker foi incluído no "Top Innovators under 35" do MIT Technology Review.
 Em 2016, Hacker e Luis von Ahn receberam o prêmio Tech 50.
 Em 2019, Hacker recebeu o prêmio de Empreendedor do Ano da One Young World.

Empreendimentos e investimentos externos

 IAM Robotics, uma empresa de robótica focada na realização autônoma.
 ViaHero, um serviço de planejamento de viagens que cria roteiros personalizados.
 Brainbase, uma plataforma que ajuda as empresas a gerenciar e monetizar sua propriedade intelectual.
 Gridwise, um aplicativo que fornece informações para a demanda de motoristas em toda a cidade.
 Abililife, empresa que desenvolve tecnologias para atender pacientes com Parkinson.

Ligações externas

 Site oficial de Severin Hacker

 Severin Hacker no DBLP Servidor de Bibliografia

Cientistas da computação
Cientistas da computação da Suíça
Alunos do Instituto Federal de Tecnologia de Zurique
Alunos da Universidade Carnegie Mellon

Severin Hacker


Altay Krayı (Rusça: Алтайский край / Altayskiy kray), Rusya'nın Sibirya Federal Bölgesi'nde yer alan ve Altay-Sayan Dağları bölgesinde Obi, Abakan-Yenisey civarında bulunan kraydır.
Kuruluşu 28 Eylül 1937'dir.

Güney-güneybatıda Kazakistan, kuzeyde Krasnoyarsk Krayı, güneydoğuda Altay Cumhuriyeti, Tuva Cumhuriyeti, Çin ve Moğolistan yer alır.

Altay Krayı'nın idarî merkezi Barnaul'dur. Altay Krayı doğrudan Moskova'ya bağlı olan idarî bir bölgedir. İdarî bakımdan 8'i şehir, 10'u kasaba olmak üzere toplam 75 bölgedir.

Tarih

Güney Sibirya alanındaki ilk devletler

Sibiryanın güneyindeki Türk topluluklarının yaşadığı yerlerde ilk kurulan devletler çok eski zamanlara kadar gider. M.Ö. IV. - III. yüzyıllar arasında Eski Çin kaynaklarına göre Türk ırkından bir toplum olan «Dinlinler» () ve devletlerinin adı da - «Dinlin-go» (丁零国) olarak geçer.

Yaklaşık MÖ 201 yılında Dinlin Türkleri Ulu Hun Kağanlığı ile birleşip Hun Kağanlığını güçlendirdi ve Çin ülkesine göre daha güçlü bir Türk memleketi teşekkül etti. Türk toplumları Çin'e karşı güçlenince Türk ülkesine gelen Çinliler kendi ülkelerine geri döndüler.. Türk topluluklarından Kırgızlar başta olmak üzere birçok Türk topluluğu tekrar Altay Krayı bölgesine gelip Dinlin Türkleri ile birleşip Çinlilere karşı çoğunluğu sağladılar.

VI-VII yüzyıllar Kırgız Türklerinin - Elteberadında il idarecisi burayı yönetiyordu.

VIII yüzyılda - bekve İnal ad ve unvanıyla merkezden gelen ve kağanın soyundan yöneticiler vardı. Misal olarak (Bars Kağan).

Sonraki yüzyıllarda Türk toplulukları birbirine düşünce ve Çin'in Türk ülkesinin içişlerine karışmasıyla devlet parçalandı. Bazı Türk toplulukları bulundukları yerden göçmeye başladılar.

Türkler güçten düşünce Türk topraklarına ve Türk topluluklarına Türklerin dışında yabancı uluslar egemen olmaya başlamıştır. Moğol, Çin ve son olarak da Rus ulusları Türk topluluklarının yerlerine hakim oldular.

Fiziki-coğrafik karakteri

Coğrafi konumu
Altay krayı Batı Sibiryanın güneydoğusundadır. 50 ile 55 derece kuzey enlemi ve 77 ile 87 derece doğu boylamındadır. Batıdan doğuya yaklaşık 600 km, kuzeyden güneye - yaklaşık 400 km bir alana iyeliktir. Barnauldan Moskovaya kuş uçuşu uzaklık - yaklaşık 2940 km, otoyol ile - yaklaşık 3400 km.

Su alanları
Altay krayının gerek yeraltı ve gerekse yerüstü su kaynakları çok boldur. Büyük akarsuları (17.000) - Ob, Biy, Katun, Çumış, Aley ve Çarış. 13 000 kadar göl olup en büyüklerinden biri - Kulundin gölüdür, alanı da 728 km²dir. Yörenin ana su kaynağı - Obiakarsuyu ve kolları olup bölgede 493 km kadardır, Obi akarsuyunun kollarından Biy ve Katun kraydaki en önemli iki koludur. Obi havzasının kray alanında % 70 kadar bir alana sahiptir.

Nüfus

Rusya Federasyonu istatistik kurumunun verilerine göre toplam nüfus 2 390 912 (2014 Ocak ayı)  kişidir. Nüfus yoğunluğu - 14,23 kişi./km² (2014). Şehir nüfusu - 55,67 (2013).

Etnik Nüfus yapısı
Altay krayında etnik yapı olarak 1002'yi aşkın ulus vardır.

Etnik yapı olarak şöyle belirtilmiştir (2010 yılı):

 Ruslar - 2.234.324 (%93,9)
 Almanlar - 50.701 (%2,1)
 Ukraynalılar - 32.226 (%1,4)
 Kazak Türkleri - 7.979 (%0,3)
 Ermeniler - 7.640 (%0,3)
 Tatar Türkleri - 6.794 (%0,3)
 Beyaz Ruslar - 4.591 (%0,2)
 Altay Türkleri - 1.763 (%0,1)
 Kumandı Türkleri - 1.401 (%0,1)

Din
Din anlamında çok çeşitlilik olsa da çoğunluğu Hristiyandır. Çok sayıda Hristiyan ve Musevi dernekler teşkilatlanıp dini misyonerlik yapmaktadır. Müslümanların sayısı az olsa da en hızlı yayılan din İslam dinidir. Yöredeki Türk dilleri; (Altay Türkçesi, Kumandı Türkçesi, Tuva Türkçesi, Hakas Türkçesi).

Zaman dilimi

Altay Kray (Yöresi) Novosibirsk Zaman Dilimindedir (NOVT/NOVST). UTC saat farkı +0600 (NOVT)/+0700 (NOVST).

İdari yapılanma

Alanı 12 şehir, 1 Z.A. T.O. (Закрытое административно-территориальное образование) yani kapalı alan yönetimi, 59 köy birliği bölgesi.
Büyük yerleşim yerleri şöyledir: Barnaul, Biy(Çaş Tura), Rubtsovsk,Novo Altaysk, Zarinsk,Kamenna Obi, Aleysk, Kulunda, Altayskoye, Gornyak, Sibir vb.

Kaynakça

 https://web.archive.org/web/20070927094554/http://www2.omu.edu.tr/ogrenciklupleri/klupler/turkdunyasi/
 Edvard Murzayev (Мурзаев Э. М.) Coğrafi terimlerin yerel halk sözlüğü (Словарь народных географических терминов). 1-е изд. — М., Мысль, 1984.
 Edvard Murzayev (Мурзаев, Эдуард Макарович), Türk coğrafi adları (Тюркские географические названия). — М., Вост. лит., 1996.

Dış bağlantılar
 Официальный сайт органов власти
 Законодательные и нормативные акты Алтайского края
 Алтайский край в справочнике-каталоге «Вся Россия»
 Altay fotoğrafları
 Altay krayı haritası
 Состав Алтайского края по ОКАТО

Altay Krayı


There are several places named Burrell in Pennsylvania:

Burrell Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Burrell Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania
Burrell Township, Pennsylvania (disambiguation)
Lower Burrell, Pennsylvania
Upper Burrell Township, Pennsylvania

Burrell, Pennsylvania


Srebrni letač je izmišljen superheroj koji se pojavljuje u američkim stripovima koje objavljuje Marvel Comics. Karakter se također pojavljuje u nizu adaptacija filmova, televizije i videoigara. Lika je stvorio Jack Kirby, a prvi put se pojavio u stripu Fantastic Four # 48, objavljenom 1966. godine.

Silver Surfer je humanoid s metalnom kožom koja može putovati kroz prostor pomoću svog plovila poput daske. Izvorno je mlad astronom nazvan Norrin Radd na planetu Zenn-La, spasio je svoj domovinski planet od plantažera, Galactusa, služeći se svojim glasnikom. Zamijenjen u zamjenu s malenim dijelom Galactusove Snage Kozmičke, Radd je stekao veliku moć, novo tijelo i jedrilicu nalik na dasku na kojoj je mogao putovati brže od svjetlosti. Sada poznat kao Silver Surfer, Radd je jurio kozmosom koji traži planete za Galactus da konzumiraju. Kad su ga putovi odveli na Zemlju, susreo se s Fantastično četvorkom, koji su mu je pomogli otkriti njegovu humanost.

U 2011. godini IGN je rangirao Silver Surfer 41. u svojim popisima "Top 100 Comic Heroes". Redatelj je prikazao Doug Jones, a glumio ga je Laurence Fishburne u filmu Fantastic Four iz 2007: Rise of Silver Surfer.

Marvel Comics, likovi

Srebrni letač


زاوزيورنيي  هي مدينة في جمهورية بورياتيا في روسيا.

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زاوزيورنيي (بورجاتيجا)