Claire Berenice Rayner, OBE (;  Berkovitch, later	Chetwynd; 22 January 1931 – 11 October 2010) was an English journalist, broadcaster, novelist and nurse, best known for her role for many years as an advice columnist.

Early life
Rayner was born to Jewish parents in Stepney,  London, the eldest of four children. Her father was a tailor and her mother a housewife. Her father had adopted the surname Chetwynd, under which name she was educated at the City of London School for Girls. Her autobiography How Did I Get Here from There? was published in 2003, and revealed details of a childhood marred by physical and mental cruelty at the hands of her parents. After the family emigrated to Canada, in 1945 she was placed in a psychiatric hospital by her parents, and treated for 15 months for a thyroid defect.

Career

Nursing
Returning to the UK in 1951, Rayner trained as a nurse at the Royal Northern Hospital and Guy's Hospital in London. She intended to become a physician; while training as a nurse, however, she met actor Desmond Rayner, whom she married in 1957. The couple lived in London and Claire worked as a midwife and later nursing sister.

Journalist and writer
Rayner wrote her first letter to Nursing Times in 1958, on nurses' pay and conditions. She then began regularly writing to The Daily Telegraph on themes of patient care or nurses' pay. She began writing novels soon after her marriage, and by 1968 had published more than 25 books.

The birth of her first child in 1960 meant that she found full-time nursing difficult, and so focused on a full-time writing career. Initially writing articles for magazines and publications, in 1968 she published one of the earliest sex manuals, People in Love, which brought her to national attention. Despite the "explicit" content, the work was commended for its "down-to-earth" and "sensible" approach.

By the 1970s, writing for Woman's Own Rayner had established herself as one of four new and direct "agony aunts", alongside Marjorie Proops, Peggy Makins (aka Evelyn Home) at Woman and J. Firbank of Forum. Her advice in the teenaged girls' magazine Petticoat caused controversy. In 1972, she was accused of "encouraging masturbation and promiscuity in prepubescent girls". Her direct and frank approach led the BBC to ask her to be the first person on British pre-watershed television to demonstrate how to put on a condom, and she was one of the first people used by advertisers to promote sanitary towels.

The year after beginning to appear on Pebble Mill at One, Rayner started an agony column in The Sun in 1973, but left to join the Sunday Mirror in 1980, when she also made her second television series of Claire Rayner's Casebook. She left the Sunday Mirror shortly after the appointment of Eve Pollard as editor, and joined the Today newspaper for three years. Rayner was named medical journalist of the year in 1987.

Rayner was probably best known as an agony aunt on TV-am in the late 1980s and early 1990s. She made it her personal aim to reply to every letter she received. This was an unfunded project by the station.

She was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1989, when she was surprised by Michael Aspel.

Campaigner
Rayner became president of the Patients Association, and through her extensive charity work and writings was awarded an OBE in 1996 for services to women's health and wellbeing and to health matters. Rayner had a very personal reason for supporting Sense's Older Person campaign, wearing hearing aids in both ears, and also had age-related dry macular degeneration (AMD), a sight loss common in older people.

Between 1993 and 2002, Rayner was one of the patrons of the Herpes Viruses Association and chaired a Press Briefing in June 1993 aimed at destigmatising genital herpes. When tendering her resignation, she cited the fact that she was patron of 60 organisations as the reason for trimming the list.

Rayner was appointed to UK government committees on health, and resultantly was the author of a chapter in The Future of the NHS. Despite being president of the Patients Association, Rayner used private health care. was a member of the Prime Minister's Commission on Nursing; the Labour government's Royal Commission on the Care of the Elderly. In 1999, Rayner was appointed to a committee responsible for reviewing the medical conditions at Holloway Prison, London, at the direction of Paul Boateng who was then the Minister for Prisons. The recommendations of this committee led to far-reaching changes in the provision of medical care within Holloway.

A lifelong Labour Party supporter, she resigned in 2001 and joined the Liberal Democrats in fear of the proposed changes to the NHS from the administration of Prime Minister Tony Blair. Rayner was also a prominent supporter of the British republican movement, although admitted her dual standards on accepting her OBE in 1996.

Rayner was Vice-President (and formerly President) of the British Humanist Association, a Distinguished Supporter of the Humanist Society Scotland and an Honorary Associate of the National Secular Society. In the weeks leading up to her death, Rayner had the following to say about Pope Benedict XVI's state visit to the United Kingdom:

Rayner's position as a patron of the Down's Syndrome Association was promptly terminated in 1995. She had queried parents' decision to have a disabled child:

It was a response to the decision of journalist Dominic Lawson and his wife not to have a test determining the health of the foetus during a pregnancy and thus, following one potential result, rejecting outright the option of a termination. It was published shortly after the birth of the couple's disabled daughter.

Personal life
Rayner met her husband, actor Desmond "Des" Rayner, at Maccabi in Hampstead; the couple married in 1957. They had three children together: writer and food critic Jay Rayner, electronics reviewer, angling and motoring journalist Adam Rayner and events manager Amanda Rayner.

Rayner was found to have breast cancer in 2002 at the age of 71. She became a breast cancer activist to promote the work of the charity Cancer Research UK. She also suffered from Graves' disease and became a patron of the British Thyroid Foundation in 1994.

Rayner never recovered from emergency intestinal surgery undertaken in May 2010, and died in hospital on 11 October 2010. She told her relatives she wanted her last words to be: "Tell David Cameron that if he screws up my beloved NHS I'll come back and bloody haunt him."

Publications
Rayner was a prolific author of both fiction and non-fiction.

Fiction

Performers
Gower Street (1973)
The Haymarket (1974)
Paddington Green (1975)
Soho Square (1976)
Bedford Row (1977)
Long Acre (1978)
Charing Cross (1979)
The Strand (1980)
Chelsea Reach (1982)
Shaftesbury Avenue (1983)
Piccadilly (1985)
Seven Dials (1986)

Poppy Chronicles
Jubilee (1987)
Flanders (1988)
Flapper (1988)
Blitz (1988)
Festival (1988)
Sixties (1988)

George Barnabas
First Blood (1993)
Second Opinion (1994)
Third Degree (1995)
Fourth Attempt (1996)
Fifth Member (1997)

Quentin Quartet
London Lodgings (1994)
Paying Guests (1995)

Novels
The House on the Fen (1967)
Starch of Aprons (1967)
Lady Mislaid (1968)
Death on the Table (1969)
The Meddlers (1970)
A Time to Heal (1972)
The Burning Summer (1972)
Reprise (1980)
The Running Years (1981)
The Enduring Years (1982)
Trafalgar Square (1982)
Family Chorus (1984)
The Virus Man (1985)
Sisters (1986)
Lunching at Laura's (1986)
Maddie (1988)
Children's Ward, the Lonely One, Private Wing (1988)
Postscripts (1991)
Dangerous Things (1993)
The Final Year (1993)
Cottage Hospital (1993)
Company (1993)
The Doctors of Downlands (1994)
Nurse in the Sun (1994)
The Lonely One (1995)
Children's Ward (1995)
The Private Wing (1996)
The Legacy (1997)
The Inheritance (1998)

Non-fiction
What Happens in Hospital (1963)
Essentials of Outpatient Nursing (1967)
One Hundred and One Facts an Expectant Mother Should Know (1967)
For Children (1967)
Housework the Easy Way (1967)
One Hundred and One Key Facts on Baby Care (1967)
Shall I Be a Nurse? (1967)
People in Love: Modern Guide to Sex in Marriage (1968)
Parent's Guide to Sex Education (1968)
Woman's Medical Dictionary (1971)
About Sex (1972)
When to Call the Doctor: What to Do Whilst Waiting (1972)
Child Care (1973)
Shy Person's Book (1973)
Where Do I Come from?: Answers to a Child's Questions About Sex (1974)
Independent Television's Kitchen Garden (1976)
Atlas of the Body and Mind (1976)
Claire Rayner Answers Your 100 Questions on Pregnancy (1977)
Family Feelings: Understanding Your Child from 0 to 5 (1977)
Body Book (1978)
Related to Sex: Talking About Sexual Feelings within Your Family (1979)
Independent Television's Greenhouse Gardening (1979)
Everything Your Doctor Would Tell You If He Had the Time (1980)
Baby and Young Child Care: A Practical Guide to Parents of Children Aged 0–5 Years (1981)
Growing Pains and How to Avoid Them (1984)
Marriage Guide (1984)
The Getting Better Book (1985)
Claire Rayner's Lifeguide: A Commonsense Approach to Modern Living (1985)
When I Grow Up (1986)
Woman (1986)
Safe Sex (1987)
The Don't Spoil Your Body Book (1989)
Clinical Judgements (1989)
Life and Love and Everything (1993)
Grandparenting Today: Making the Most of Your Grandparenting Skills With Grandchildren of All Ages (1997)
How Did I Get Here from There? (2003)

References

External links

1931 births
2010 deaths
20th-century English novelists
20th-century English women writers
21st-century British writers
21st-century English women writers
Alumni of King's College London
British advice columnists
British republicans
British women columnists
English humanists
English Jews
English journalists
English women non-fiction writers
English women novelists
Jewish humanists
Nurses from London
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at the City of London School for Girls
People from Harrow, London
Writers from London

Claire Rayner


Sarıabalı, Antalya ilinin Serik ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Antalya il merkezine 53 km, Serik ilçesine 15 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar

 Yerelnet

Serik'in mahalleleri

Sarıabalı


Veaceslav Vsevolodovici Ivanov (în , )  un proeminent filolog sovietic/rus și indo-europenist, probabil cel mai bine cunoscut pentru teoria fonologică a consonantismului indo-european și pentru introducerea urheimatului indo-european în zona montană armeană și a lacului Urmia.

Primii ani
Tatăl lui Veaceslav Ivanov a fost Vsevolod Ivanov, unul dintre cei mai celebri scriitori sovietici. Mama lui a fost o actriță care a lucrat în teatrul lui Vsevolod Meyerhold. Copilăria lui a fost umbrită de boală și de război, fiind petrecută în refugiul de la Tașkent.

Ivanov a urmat cursurile Universității din Moscova și a lucrat acolo până în 1958, când a fost concediat din cauza prieteniei sale cu Boris Pasternak și Roman Jacobson. În acel moment, el realizase niște contribuții importante în domeniul studiilor indo-europene și a devenit una dintre cele mai importante autorități în limba hitită.

Cariera
La începutul anilor 1960 Ivanov a fost unul dintre primii oameni de știință sovietici care au fost interesați de dezvoltarea semioticii. El a lucrat cu Vladimir Toporov la mai multe monografii lingvistice, inclusiv o prezentare a limbii sanscrite. În 1962 s-a alăturat lui Toporov și Iuri Lotman în procesul de înființare a Școlii de Semiotică de la Tartu-Moscova.

În anii 1980 Ivanov a lucrat cu Tamaz Gamkrelidze la o nouă teorie a migrației populației indo-europene, care a fost cel mai recent argumentată de ei în Indo-European and Indo-Europeans (1995). El a condus Biblioteca Unională de Literatură Străină între 1989 și 1993 și a făcut parte din Sovietul Suprem al Rusiei. Simultan, el a înființat Institutul de Cultură Mondială și a predat teoria și istoria culturii mondiale la Universitatea din Moscova.

Începând de la sfârșitul anilor 1990 Ivanov și-a împărțit timpul între Moscova (unde a predat la Universitatea Rusă de Stat de Științe Umaniste) și Los Angeles (unde a predat cursuri la University of California, Los Angeles). De asemenea, el a lucrat ca profesor la Universitatea Stanford și la Universitatea Yale.

A fost ales membru titular al Academiei Ruse de Științe în anul 2000 și membru străin al Academiei Britanice din 1977.

Ivanov a murit pe 7 octombrie 2017.

Alte interese
În 1965 Veaceslav Ivanov a editat, a scris comentarii academice extinse și a publicat prima ediție rusă a lucrării nepublicate anterior "Psihologia artei" a lui Lev Vîgotski (lucrare scrisă în prima jumătate a anilor 1920). Ediția a doua, extinsă și corectată, a apărut în 1968 și a inclus o altă lucrare nepublicată a lui Vîgotski, tratatul lui despre Hamlet (scris în 1915-1916). Prima ediție a cărții a fost ulterior tradus în limba engleză de către Scripta Technica Inc. și lansată de către MIT Press în 1971.

În afară de preocupările științifice, Veaceslav Ivanov a scris poezie. De asemenea, el a publicat mai multe cărți de memorii, inclusiv două cărți despre relațiile sale cu Boris Pasternak și Anna Ahmatova.

Publicații selectate
 Sanskrit. Moscow: Nauka Pub. House, Central Dept. of Oriental Literature, 1968.
 Borozdy i mezhi. 	Letchworth: Bradda Books, 1971. 351 p.
 cu Tamaz V. Gamkrelidze, Indoevropjskij jazyk i indoevropejcy: Rekonstrukcija i istoriko-tipologieskij analiz prajazyka i protokultury. Tiflis: Tiflis University Press 1984. xcvi + 1328 p.
 English translation: Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A reconstruction and historical analysis of a proto-language and a proto-culture. 2 vols. Berlin–New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1: 1994, 2: 1995
 cu T. V. Gamkrelidze, "The ancient Near East and the Indo-European question: Temporal and territorial characteristics of Proto-Indo-European based on linguistic and historico-cultural data", Journal of Indo-European Studies vol. 13, no. 1–2 (1985): 3–48.
 cu T. V. Gamkrelidze, "The migrations of tribes speaking Indo-European dialects from their original homeland in the Near East to their historical habitations in Eurasia", Journal of Indo-European Studies vol. 13, no. 1–2 (1985): 9–91.
 Vyacheslav V. Ivanov și Thomas Gamkrelidze, "The Early History of Indo-European Languages", Scientific American vol. 262, no. 3 (March, 1990): 110-116.
 The archives of the Russian Orthodox Church of Alaska, Aleutian and Kuril Islands (1794—1912): An attempt at a multisemiotic society. Washington, 1996.
 The Russian orthodox church of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands and its relation to native American traditions — an attempt at a multicultural society, 1794—1912. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress; U.S. G.P.O., 1997.
 (ca editor) with Ilia Verkholantseva, eds., Speculum Slaviae Orientalis : Muscovy, Ruthenia and Lithuania in the late Middle Ages. Moscow: Novoe izdatel'stvo, 2005.
 (ca editor), Issledovaniia po tipologii slavianskikh, baltiĭskikh i balkanskikh iazykov: preimushchestvenno v svete iazykovykh kontaktov [= Studies in the typology of Slavic, Baltic and Balkan languages: with primary reference to language contact]. St. Petersburg: Aleteĭia, 2013.
 cu V. N. Toporov, Mifologiia: statʹi dlia mifologicheskikh ėntsiklopediĭ. Moscow: IASK, Iazyki slavianskikh kulʹtur, 2014.

Referințe

Legături externe
  Faculty Profile at UCLA
  Biography
  Biography
 Velmezova, Ekaterina; Kull, Kalevi 2011. Interview with Vyacheslav V. Ivanov about semiotics, the languages of the brain and history of ideas. Sign Systems Studies 39(2/4): 290–313.

Vezi și
Vii (mitologie)

Nașteri în 1929
Decese în 2017
Membri ai Academiei Americane de Arte și Științe
Membri ai British Academy
Laureați ai Premiului Lenin
Lingviști ruși
Absolvenți ai Universității de stat din Moscova
Cadre didactice ale Universității de Stat din Moscova
Laureați ai Premiului de stat al URSS
Istorici ruși
Orientaliști ruși
Cadre didactice ale Yale University
Profesori universitari ruși
Oameni din Moscova
Decese în Los Angeles

Veaceslav Ivanov (filolog)


Lajničevke (lat. Sterculioideae; Sterculiaceae), nekadašnja biljna porodica, danas potporodica koja je ime dobila po rodu Sterculia (sterkulija), listopadnih i vazdazelenih grmova i drveća iz Amerike. Porodicu je opisao 1807. godine Etienne Pierre Ventenat, a u nju je bilo uključeno oko 65 rodova s oko 1 000 vrsta u tropskim predjelima Amerike, Afrike, Azije i Australije

Molekurarna studija (2006) ukazuje na to da da su najvjerojatnije monofiletička skupina s četiri glavne klade, Cola, Heritiera, Sterculia i Brachychiton.

Rodovi
 Sterculia L. (174 spp.)
 Brachychiton Schott & Endl. (33 spp.)
 Cola Schott & Endl. (119 spp.)
 Octolobus Welw. (3 spp.)
 Acropogon Schltr. (27 spp.)
 Pterygota Schott & Endl. (18 spp.)
 Franciscodendron B. P. M. Hyland & Steenis (1 sp.)
 Argyrodendron F. Muell. (4 spp.)
 Firmiana Marsili (17 spp.)
 Hildegardia Schott & Endl. (12 spp.)
 Scaphium Schott & Endl. (8 spp.)
 Pterocymbium R. Br. (11 spp.)
 Heritiera Dryand. (36 spp.)

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Sljezovke

Lajničevke


صمويل مارينوس زويمر Samuel Marinus Zwemer (أبريل 12, 1867-أبريل 2, 1952)، ويلقب بالرسول إلى الإسلام، وهو مبشر أمريكي رحالة وباحث.

وقد ولد في بلدة زيلاند تشارتر (ميشيغان). في 1887 حصل على A.B. من كلية هوب، هولاند (ميشيغان)، وفي 1890، حصل على شهادة الماجستير من المدرسة اللاهوتية نيوبرونزويك، نيو برونزويك (نيو جيرسي). درجاته الأخرى تشمل درجة الدكتوراه من كلية هوب في 1904، ودرجة الحقوق من كلية مسكنكم في 1918، ودرجة الدكتوراه من جامعة روتجرز في 1919.

وبعد أن عين في الكنيسة البروتستانتية في بيلا (آيوا) Classis في عام 1890، وكان قد بدأ بالتبشير في البصرة والبحرين، وفي مواقع أخرى في الجزيرة العربية من عام 1891 حتي 1905. وكان عضوا في البعثة السعودية (1890-1913). خدم زويمر في مصر في الفترة 1913-1929 وسافر أيضاً على نطاق واسع إلى آسيا الصغرى، وانتخب زميلا في الجمعية الجغرافية الملكية في لندن إنجلترا.

السلك الوظيفى
في كتابه حول سيرة رامون لول، قسّم زويمر نشاط ليول التبشيري إلى ثلاثة فروع<ref>'كان ينجزه في ثلاثة جوانب : انه وضع نظام فلسفي أو تعليمي لإقناع غير المسيحيين بحقيقة المسيحية ، وأنه أنشأ الكليات التبشيريه ، وانه هو نفسه وذهب وعمل على تبشير... المسلمين' زويمر ، فترة الهدوء ريمون : المرحلة التبشيرية الأولى إلى المسلمين «(نيويورك : فنك وواگنال، .</ref> ويمكن أن نستخدم نفس الفئات الواسعة لدراسة إرسالية زويمر نفسها: التبشير، الكتابة والتوظيف.

 التبشير
زويمر لمس أول منعطف له في عمله حين رحل إلى الجزيرة العربية، عام 1890 للعمل مباشرة في المجتمع الإسلامي. في ذلك الوقت، كانت طريقته الرئيسية للتبشير هي توزيع الكتب والحوارات الشخصية.

فقد جمع نماذج من المواجهة واتبع نهج أكثر الحانقين من تقديم محبة المسيح أولا، وتلك 'سمة الطلاب المتطوعين ". وتشير روايات من التفاعل العفوي مع الناس له أنه كان يمتلك من الكرازة الشخصية الكثير وكان قادرا وخلاقا.
 معهد زويمر
أنشئ هذا المعهد وسمي باسم زويمر تخليدا لأعماله في سبيل التبشير وكان الهدف الأول والأساسي من إنشاء المعهد هو تنصير المسلمين.
ولقد أعترف بفشله الذريع حيث قال في أخطر مؤتمراته عن فشل مغامرة التنصير خلال ربع قرن، وتراجع عن دعوته فقال: إنّه لا يدعو لإدخال المسلم في المسيحية، وإنّما يدعو إلى إخراجه من الإسلام ويقول:

جزء من خطاب له في مؤتمر في القدس عام 1935 موضحاً أهداف التبشير:

ويقول أيضاً في المؤتمر التبشيري الذي عقد عام 1911 في لكنو بالهند:

وعندما أخذ المؤتمرون في مؤتمر «لكنو» بالهند يتدارسون الأحوال السياسية في العالم الإسلامي، خطب زويمر قائلاً:

وهكذا نجد زويمر يقوم بدوره الميداني ممهّداً ومنظّراً لحركة الاستعمار في الشرق، حتى وصل به الأمر أن ينصح بريطانيا العظمى أن تبدّل سياستها المهادنة في مصر تبديلاً أساسياً، وأن تشعر المصريين بقوة بريطانيا وبنعمها عليهم، وهذا بكلمة أخرى ترسيخ الاستعمار بالقوة والقهر.

ولم يهمل زويمر اُسلوب الإغراء أيضاً فقد كتب في المجلّة الاستشراقية التي يحررها «العالم الإسلامي» مقالاً عنوانه «استخدام الصدقات لاكتساب الصابئين» الذي يبحث فيه كيف أنّ الإسلام على عهد الرسول - صلى الله عليه وسلم - أجاز إعطاء الزكاة للمؤلّفة قلوبهم، أي اولئك الذين دخلوا في الإسلام وكانوا ذوي حاجة وذوي اتجاه مادي.

ويقصد بذلك أنّ استخدام الإحسان المادي من الأساليب المؤثّرة في طريق التبشير المسيحي وتحويل الناس نحو المسيحية.
ويمكننا القول: إن ما وضعه من خطط وبرامج تبشيرية واستعمارية ما يزال العمل بها سارياً حتى اليوم، خصوصاً من خلال مناهج التعليم والتربية والثقافة في أغلب البلاد الإسلامية.
 أعماله
. إلى جانب تحرير  العالم الإسلامي ، وهي دورية علمية فصلية - 37 مجلدا (1911-1947)، وأيضا  المراجعة الفصلية '(لندن)، وكتب الكتب التالية:
  العربية السعودية، مهد الإسلام "(1900) -
  أرض رأسا على عقب  (1902)، مع زوجته، السيدة آمي إ. زويمر -
  رامون لول  (1902) -
  عقيدة المسلمين في الإله (1906)
  العالم المحمدي اليوم  (1906)
 الإسلام: تحديات الإيمان: دراسات في الدين المحمدي والاحتياجات والفرص في العالم المحمدي  (1907)
 أخواتنا المسلمات: صرخة الحاجة من الأراضي المظلمة فسرت من قبل أولئك الذين سمعوا '، (1907)؛ تحرير آني فان سومر
 العالم المسلم 1908
 مسيح المسلم 1911
 الطفولة في العالم الإسلامي 1915
 محمد أو المسيح؟ 1916
 وقال الباحث المسلم بعد الله. يظهر الإسلام في أفضل حالاته في حياة وتعليم الغزالي 1920
 تأثير الروحانية على الإسلام: سرد الخرافات الشعبية 1920
 قانون الردة في الإسلام 1924
 المرأة المسلمة 1926، مع زوجته السيدة آمي E. Zwemer
 مجد الصليب 1928
 في جميع أنحاء العالم الإسلامي 1929
 تفكير البعثات مع المسيح 1934
 فن الاستماع إلى الله 1940
 فوق الصليب والهلال الأحمر 1941
 الإسلام في مدغشقر 1941
 في كل العالم 1943
 بشارة اليوم: الرسالة ليست طريقة 1944
 ورثة الأنبياء 1946
 مجد القبر الخالي 1947
 مدى ثراء الحصاد 1948
 أبناء آدم: دراسات العهد القديم من الشخصيات في ظل العهد الجديد 1951.

الروابط الخارجية

 Zwemer Institute For Muslim Studies

 Books and Articles by Samuel Zwemer — at least 10 books & articles by Zwemer are online here.
 Samuel Marinus Zwemer - Missionary extraordinaire to Muslims — biographical article by Andrew Marsay published in Evangelicals Now, August 2002.
 The Legacy of Samuel Zwemer by J. Christy Wilson, Jr., from the International Journal of Frontier Missions, Vol. 13(4), October–December, 1996.
 Raymund Lull: First Missionary to the Muslims by Samuel Zwemer
 Samuel Zwemer Theological Seminary

المراجع

أشخاص من مقاطعة أوتاوا (ميتشيغان)
أكاديميو أديان أمريكيون
أمريكيون مغتربون في البحرين
أمريكيون مغتربون في العراق
أمريكيون من أصل هولندي
إنجيليون أمريكيون
بعثات تبشيرية مسيحية
زملاء الجمعية الجغرافية الملكية
كتاب دينيون أمريكيون
مبشرون
مبشرون بروتستانتيون أمريكيون
مبشرون بروتستانتيون في البحرين
مبشرون بروتستانتيون في العراق
مستشرقون أمريكيون
مواليد 1283 هـ
مواليد 1867
مواليد في بلدة زيلاند تشارتر (ميشيغان)
وفيات 1371 هـ
وفيات 1952
وفيات في نيويورك

صمويل مارينوس زويمر


Alaca, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde birçok yerleşim yerinin adıdır.

Yerleşim yerleri
 Alaca - Çorum ili ilçesi
 Alaca, Borçka - Artvin ili Borçka ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alaca, Beşiri - Batman ili Beşiri ilçesine bağlı belde
 Alaca, Aydıntepe - Bayburt ili Aydıntepe ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alaca, Kulp - Diyarbakır ili Kulp ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Alaca, Elâzığ - Elâzığ ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alaca, Aziziye - Erzurum ili Aziziye ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Alaca, Hınıs - Erzurum ili Hınıs ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Alaca, Köprüköy - Erzurum ili Köprüköy ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Alaca, İslahiye - Gaziantep ili İslahiye ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Alaca, Kars - Kars ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alaca, İnebolu - Kastamonu ili İnebolu ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alaca, Yıldızeli - Sivas ili Yıldızeli ilçesine bağlı köy
 Alaca, Ceylanpınar - Şanlıurfa ili Ceylanpınar ilçesine bağlı mahalle

Alaca (anlam ayrımı)


Adelocephala este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Saturniidae.

Cladograma conform Catalogue of Life:

Referințe

Adelocephala

Adelocephala


Zora je hrvatski film redatelja Dalibora Matanića iz 2020. godine.

Uloge

 Krešimir Mikić – Matija

 Tihana Lazović – Ika

 Lara Vladovic – Kaja

Ekipa

 Scenaristica – Dalibor Matanić

 Direktor fotografije – Marko Brdar

 Montažer – Tomislav Pavlic

 Kostimografkinja – Ana Savić-Gecan

 Glazba - Alen Sinkauz, Nenad Sinkauz

Nagrade i festivali
 Pulski filmski festival 2021. – Zlatna arena za kameru, Zlatna arena za montažu, Zlatna arena za glazbu

Izvori

Hrvatski filmovi 2020-ih

Zora (2020.)


Dacrycarpus cumingii er sígrænt tré (að 25m hátt) frá Indónesíu, Malasíu, og Filippseyjum.

Tilvísanir

Gagnviðarætt

Dacrycarpus cumingii


Catherine Meusburger () é uma matemática e física austríaca. Seus principais interesses de pesquisa são em teoria das cordas. Desde 2011 atua como professora de matemática na Universidade de Erlangen-Nuremberg.

Meusburger cresceu em Heidelberg, onde se formou no Kurfürst-Friedrich-Gymnasium. Passou então a estudar física na Universidade de Freiburgo de 1996 a 2001, onde defendeu a tese The Quantisation of the algebra of invariants of the closed bosonic Nambu–Goto String using a concrete realization, pela qual ganhou o Prêmio Gustav-Mies Prêmio 2002 para melhor tese, e graduou-se com distinção. Dois meses depois, ela estava na Heriot-Watt University em Edimburgo para trabalhar em seu doutorado no departamento de matemática com Bernd Schroers; sua tese foi intitulada Phase space and quantisation of (2+1)-dimensional gravity in the Chern–Simons formulation.

Professores da Universidade de Erlangen-Nuremberg
Matemáticas da Áustria
Físicas da Áustria
Alunos da Universidade de Freiburg
Pessoas vivas

Catherine Meusburger


Veli Baba Dergâhı, Isparta'nın Senirkent ilçesine bağlı Uluğbey kasabasındadır.

Çevrenin saygın Alevi- Bektaşi ocak ve dergâhlarındandır. Veli Baba'nın soyunun Ali soyuna dayandığına inanılır. Zeynelabidin'in oğlu Zeyd'din soyundan geldiği kabul edilir. Macaristan'da yatırı ve tekkesi bulunan Gül Baba ile yakınlıkları vardır. Gelenek Gül Baba'yı, Veli Baba'nın amcası olarak gösterir. Köyün arazisi bu aileye kılıç timarı olarak verilmiştir. Bu aileden birçokları Orhan ve Murat Bey dönemlerinde Balkanlar'ın fethine de katılarak Osmanlı Devleti'nin kuruluş çalışmalarının içinde yer almışlardır. Veli Baba Ocağı'nı ve bu ocaktan/ dergâhtan yetişen aile üyelerini konu alan "menakıbname" düzenlenmiştir.

Isparta ilindeki yapılar
Türkiye'deki tekkeler
Alevilik
Senirkent
Bilgi kutusu bulunmayan yapılar

Veli Baba Dergahı


جيرسي سيتي مدينة تقع في ولاية نيوجيرسي بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وهي عاصمة هدسون.

الموقع
يحيط بها نهر هدسون ونهر هكنساك و خليج نيوراك وتتصل جيرسي ستي بمنهاتن عن عبر نفق هولاند .

السكان
تعتبر مدينة جيرسي سيتي ثاني أكبر مدينة في ولاية نيوجيرسي نظر لكثافة سكانها البالغ تعدادهم 240.055 نسمة (إحصاء عام 2007) . وتبلغ الكثافة السكانية بها 6195.2 شخص في الكيلومتر المربع الواحد.

التركيبة الأثنية
تتميز المدينة بالتنوع العرقي ويرجع ذلك إلى اختلاف أصول سكانها. حيث يقطنها 34.01% من ذوي الأصول الأنجلو سكسونيين (البيض) و 28.32% من ذوي الأصول الأفريقية (السود) و%0.45% من أصول الهنود الحمر (السكان الأصليين) و16.20% من الآسيويين و0.08% من سكان جزر المحيط الهادي و15.11% من العرقيات الأخرى. ويشكل الهسبانك (ذوى الاصول اللاتينية) نمسبة 28.31 % من أجمالي سكان المدينة . أما السكان ذوي الأصول العربية فيمثلون حوالي 3.0% من السكان.

النشاط الإقتصادي
تعتبر مدينة جيرسي سيتي مركزاً صناعياً مهماً لقربها من ولاية نيويورك وتبعيتها لمجمع نيويورك الحضرى الكبير فإزدهرت فيها عدة صناعات منها الصناعات الكيمائية والنفطية و الألكترونيات و الغزل والنسيج وتنشط فيها الأعمال التجارية والمؤسسات والشركات خاصى في النطاق الحضري للمدينة كما في مجمع نيووبورت حيث توجد العديد من المصارف ومراكز الاستثمارات الكبيرة بالإضافة إلى مركز تجارى كبير يحمل الاسم نفسه وتنتشر فيها ناطحات السحاب المبنية على نسق مدينة نيو يورك.

النقل والمواصلات
توجد بالمدينة شبكة موصلات ضخمة تشمل حافلات نقل الركاب وتربط معظم مناطق الولاية إلى جانب قطارت السكك الحديدية الثقيلة والخفيفة.

التعليم
تحتضن مدينة جيرسي سيتي العديد من الجامعات الحكومية والجامعات والخاصة أهما جامعة مدينة جيرسي سيتي وجامعة سانت بيتر وكليى هادسون الاجتماعية.

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1633
أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1838
تأسيسات سنة 1633 في أمريكا الشمالية
تأسيسات سنة 1633 في الإمبراطورية الهولندية
تأسيسات سنة 1633 في المستعمرات الثلاثة عشرة
تأسيسات سنة 1838 في نيو جيرسي
مدن أمريكية
مدن في مقاطعة هدسون (نيوجيرسي)
مدن وبلدات ساحلية في نيوجيرسي
مقرات المقاطعات في نيوجيرسي
مناطق اقتصادية خاصة
تأسيسات في نيو نذرلاند

جيرسي سيتي


Foynes (; ) is a town and major port in County Limerick in the midwest of Ireland, located at the edge of hilly land on the southern bank of the Shannon Estuary. The population of the town was 520 as of the 2016 census.

Foynes's role as seaport
Foynes as a port has a long history, being first surveyed in 1837, and is now the location of a major deep water seaport operated by the Shannon Foynes Port Company, an amalgamation under the Harbours Act 2000 of the agencies operating the ports of Limerick and Foynes. It is anticipated that more traffic from the upstream Limerick Port will ultimately be diverted there as the latter portlands are redeveloped as commercial and residential properties. A railway line to Limerick via Patrickswell and Raheen is in existence but not operational. Iarnród Éireann's policy of concentrating on what it sees as more profitable passenger operations means the Port's traffic is entirely served by road.

Foynes Port Company was amalgamated with the Shannon Estuary Ports Company (which had responsibility for the other areas of the Estuary) in 2000, to form Shannon Foynes Port Company (SFPC). SFPC is the second largest port facility in Ireland, handling over 10 million tonnes of cargo annually through the six terminals currently operational. Planning permission has been granted for an LNG import terminal at Ballylongford, County Kerry, within SFPC's jurisdiction; once constructed it will add considerably to throughput.

Foynes's role in aviation

During the late 1930s and early 1940s, land-based planes lacked sufficient flying range for Atlantic crossings. Foynes was the last port of call on its eastern shore for seaplanes.  As a result, Foynes would become one of the biggest civilian airports in Europe during World War II.  Surveying flights for flying boat operations were made by Charles Lindbergh in 1933 and a terminal was begun in 1935.  The first transatlantic proving flights were operated on 5 July 1937 with a Pan Am Sikorsky S-42 service from Botwood, Newfoundland on the Bay of Exploits and a BOAC Short Empire service from Foynes with successful transits of twelve and fifteen-and-a-quarter hours respectively. Services to New York, Southampton, Montreal, Poole and Lisbon followed, the first non-stop New York service operating on 22 June 1942 in 25 hours 40 minutes.

Foynes Flying Boat Museum

All of this began to change following the construction and opening in 1942 of Shannon Airport on flat bogland on the northern bank of the Estuary. Foynes flying-boat station closed in 1946. A college for the learning of the Irish language was opened in the former terminal in 1954. The Port Trustees purchased the building in 1980 and the Foynes Flying Boat Museum leased a portion in 1988.

One of Foynes's main claims to fame is the invention there of Irish Coffee. This came about, it is said, in order to alleviate the suffering of cold and wet passengers during its aviation days in the 1930s and early 1940s. Brendan O'Regan was Catering Comptroller between 1943-1945 and after had the same position at Shannon Airport where he established the world's first duty-free shop amongst his innovations. The Foynes Flying Boat Museum contains much memorabilia from that era, including the original radio and weather room, along with its equipment and a full-size replica Boeing 314 flying boat.

Transport

Rail

Foynes railway station opened on 29 April 1858, as the terminus of a line from Limerick which was subsequently extended west from Ballingrane to Tralee. The station closed to passengers on 4 February 1963, but remained open for freight traffic until 30 October 2000. The Limerick–Foynes railway line was "mothballed" at the end of 2001 (the line from Ballingrane to Tralee having been lifted in the late 1980s). The annual Irish Rail weed-spraying train last traversed the line on 7 May 2002.

The Shannon Foynes Port Company reportedly maintained contact with Irish Rail to discuss reopening the line for bulk cargo projects and, in April 2011, the company's chairperson said that they were confident that the rail link could be reopened. In June 2015, €800,000 of EU funding was secured for a study to develop the business case to reopen the line. In early 2023, it was announced that a contractor had been appointed and works on reopening the line were due to commence in February 2023.

Bus
Bus Éireann route number 314 provides a few journeys a day to Limerick via Askeaton. In the opposite direction, there are buses to Glin with a weekend service to Tralee and a summer service to Ballybunion.

Places of interest
In addition to the Foynes Flying Boat Museum, the Knockpatrick Gardens, an award-winning  garden overlooking the Shannon Estuary, is located  from Foynes.

Foynes is near to Adare, a national heritage town, and the city of Limerick. The main gateway to the region is Shannon Airport. Foynes is located on the N69 "coast road" to Tarbert and Tralee in County Kerry.

Sports
Saint Senan's GAA club draws its players from the parish centred on Foynes and the neighbouring town of Shanagolden. Although it has fielded hurling teams on occasions, it is primarily a Gaelic football club. After winning the intermediate championship in 2003, Saint Senan's were narrowly beaten in the final of the 2006 Limerick Senior Football Championship. Its predecessor, the Foynes team, won its only senior championship in 1907.

See also
 List of towns and villages in Ireland.

References

External links
 Destination Foynes - the Flying Boat Era 1937-1945
 Shannon Foynes Port Company
 Foynes Flying Boat & Maritime Museum - Homepage

Port cities and towns in the Republic of Ireland
Towns and villages in County Limerick

Foynes


House House est un développeur de jeux vidéo indépendant basé à Melbourne, en Australie. Il est notamment célèbre pour avoir créé les jeux vidéo Push Me Pull You (2016) et Untitled Goose Game (2019). Le studio indépendant comprend quatre personnes : Nico Disseldorp, Jake Strasser, Stuart Gillespie-Cook et Michael McMaster.

Histoire

Leur premier jeu vidéo, Push Me Pull You, sort sur PlayStation 4 le 3 mai 2016 et sur les systèmes informatiques le 12 juillet 2016. En 2017, une bande-annonce de gameplay pour Untitled Goose Game devient virale, ce qui conduit la société à signer un contrat d'édition avec Panic Inc. Le jeu sort ensuite le 20 septembre 2019 sur les plateformes Nintendo Switch, Microsoft Windows et macOS, avec des ports pour PlayStation 4 et Xbox One sortis le 17 décembre 2019. Untitled Goose Game est un succès commercial et critique, étant notamment à sa sortie en tête de téléchargement pour la Nintendo Switch en Australie, au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis.

En janvier 2020, House House confirme que le studio versera 1% de tous les bénéfices au mouvement aborigène Pay the Rent, en reconnaissance du fait qu'ils fabriquent leurs jeux vidéo sur « la terre volée de Wurundjeri ».

Jeux vidéo
 Push Me Pull You (2016)
 Untitled Goose Game (2019)

Références

Entreprise ayant son siège à Melbourne
Entreprise de jeux vidéo ayant son siège en Australie
Développeur de jeux vidéo

House House


An Scleria monticola in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Ernest Nelmes ngan Diana Margaret Napper. An Scleria monticola in nahilalakip ha genus nga Scleria, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Sierra Leone. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Scleria

Scleria monticola


An Dracula inexperata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Franco Pupulin. An Dracula inexperata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dracula, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Costa Rica. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Dracula

Dracula inexperata


Ellen Blight, également connue sous le nom d'Helen Bright, est une dompteuse anglaise de fauves, connue sous le nom de « The Lion Queen ».

Agée de 17 ans, elle décède à la suite d'une attaque d'un tigre. Cet accident mortel est à l'origine de la suspension de l'interdiction du domptage au Royaume-Uni.

Biographie

Selon le Daily News datant du 14 janvier 1850, le soir du 11 janvier 1850, Ellen Bright produit un spectacle public à la ménagerie de George Wombwell. Elle entre à l'intérieur d'une cage avec un lion et un tigre. Le tigre l'attaque et la blesse grièvement. Ellen Blight  décédera quelques instants plus tard.

Ellen  Blight est enterrée à Coventry où elle partage une tombe avec son cousin William Wombwell, tué par un éléphant l'année précédente au sein d'une ménagerie différente. Sa mort est médiatisée à travers la presse nationale qui lui vaut le surnom  "The Lion Queen". Devenue une célébrité posthume, cet événement conduit à l'interdiction des dompteuses de lions durant l'époque victorienne.

Références

Liens externes

Dompteuse
Décès en 1850

Ellen Blight


Chamaeza  es un género de aves paseriformes perteneciente a la familia Formicariidae, que agrupa a especies nativas de América del Sur, donde se distribuyen desde el norte de Venezuela hasta el sur de Brasil, noreste de Argentina y este de Paraguay por el este, y sureste de Perú y oeste de Bolivia por el oeste. A sus miembros se les conoce por el nombre común de tovacáes, y también chululúes o rasconzuelos, entre otros.

Etimología
El nombre genérico femenino «Chamaeza» proviene del griego «χαμαι khamai »: en el suelo y «ζαω zaō»: vivir; significando «que vive en el suelo».

Características
Las aves de este género son bastante grandes, miden entre 19 y 22,5 cm de longitud; son hormigueros terrestres regordetes que habitan en el interior de selvas húmedas o montanas. La mayoría son similares y se distinguen mejor por sus cantos adorables que se escuchan desde lejos. Todos son mucho más oídos que vistos. El plumaje se caracteriza por el patrón bien marcante de las partes inferiores. Frecuentemente caminan con las colas parcialmente levantadas. Construyen sus nidos en lo alto de un tocón o en una barranca.

Lista de especies
Según el orden filogénico de la clasificación del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC, versión 7.1, 2017) y Clements Checklist v.2016, el género agrupa a las siguientes especies con el respectivo nombre popular de acuerdo con la Sociedad Española de Ornitología (SEO):

Chamaeza campanisona (, 1823) - tovacá colicorto;
Chamaeza nobilis , 1855 - tovacá noble;
Chamaeza meruloides , 1825 - tovacá críptico;
Chamaeza ruficauda , 1860 - tovacá colirrufo;
Chamaeza turdina , 1860 - tovacá turdino;
Chamaeza mollissima , 1855 - tovacá barrado.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Géneros de aves

Chamaeza


වයඹදිග ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ඇති පුරාණ ගිරි ලිපියකි.

ගිරිලිපි - සිංහල
ගිරිලිපි - ශ්‍රි ලංකා

ගල්වැව ගිරිලිපිය


La Tasse de thé (en anglais, The Cup of Tea) est une peinture réalisée à l'huile sur toile par l'artiste américaine Mary Cassatt à Paris vers 1880 à 1881 en prenant sa sœur Lydia comme modèle. L'œuvre de   est conservée au Metropolitan Museum of Art de New York.

Description et style
Mary Cassatt est une peintre américaine qui a vécu à l'étranger en Europe pendant plus d'une décennie. Comme d'autres femmes artistes de son époque, les sujets de Cassatt sont fréquemment des scènes domestiques. Des sujets privilégiés car les femmes à l'époque de Cassatt n'avaient pas le droit de sortir seules. La tasse de thé dépeint un « rituel social pour les femmes de la classe moyenne supérieure » . L'artiste a adopté une manière impressionniste  en utilisant des couleurs contrastées et complémentaires.

Références

Liens externes

Tableau de Mary Cassatt
Tableau des années 1880
Thé dans la peinture
Œuvre de Mary Cassatt au Metropolitan Museum of Art

La Tasse de thé (Cassatt)


Youssef Krou (Agadir, 19 de junho de 1989) é ex-voleibolista indoor e atualmente jogador de vôlei de praia francês, na quadra conquistou a medalha de ouro no Campeonato Europeu Sub-19 em 2007 na Áustria e no mesmo ano medalhista de bronze no Campeonato Mundial Sub-19 no México.

Carreira

A infância de Youssef  se dividiu entre França, Alemanha e Madagáscar, nasceu em Agadir, e radicou-se ainda na adolescência em Cannes, já tendo contato com o voleibol indoor com seus amigos, iniciando a carreira no AS Cannes,  destacando-se por suas características físicas, depois entrou no Lycée Carnot e representou o país nas categorias de base  da seleção e passou atuar como ponteiro, treinou por dois anos ao lado de uma geração de bons valores como Marc Zopie a Earvin N'Gapeth, ainda como Benjamin Toniutti, Guillaume Quesque, Fred Barais, Julien Lyneel, Kévin Tillie e Kévin Le Roux, e obteve em 2007 a medalha de ouro no Campeonato Europeu Sub-19 na Áustria e ainda foi medalhista de bronze no Campeonato Mundial Sub-19  de 2007 nas cidades de Mexicali e Tijuana

Em 2009 começa profissionalmente no AS Cannes e disputou a Liga dos Campeões cujo técnico foi Laurent Tillie, na equipe tinha  Pierre Pujol, Loïc Geiler, Ludovic Castard, Samuele Tuia e Pascal Ragondet, conquistou o vice-campeonato nacional na temporada 2009-10.Após, enfrentar uma lesão e levou a refletir sobre seu futuro, após retornar de um jogo em 2013 encontra Eddy (Édouard Rowlandson),  que havia conhecido em algumas ocasiões quando atuava em Sète, e telefonou e o convidou para migrar para o vôlei de praia e jogar em Montpellier, competindo no formato 3x3 no verão, mas nunca no 2x2, atraindo-se pela modalidade  e decidiu a fase a transição.

Em 2014 esteve com Édouard Rowlandson quando terminaram em quarto lugar na etapa de Orleans e os títulos das etapas da Ilha de Ré e Le Touquet pelo circuito francês. No mesmo ano também competiram juntos, no Circuito Europeu na etapa Satélite do Circuito Mundial em Antália e o vice-campeonato no Masters de Baku estreando no Grand Slam de Moscou pelo circuito mundial, obtiveram o título do Aberto de Xiamen, o terceiro lugar nos Abertos de Doha e Mangaung.

Esteve com Édouard Rowlandson no circuito mundial de 2015 terminaram em terceiro no Aberto de Fuzhou, o quarto lugar no Aberto de Doha, no circuito Europeu ainda competiu ao lado de Yannick Salvetti  e Romain Di Giantommaso  obtiveram o segundo lugar no Circuito Europeu em Jūrmala e na Continental Cup CEV, fase 3, grupo D , alcançando o primeiro na fase 4, grupo A, terminaram em décimo sétimo lugar no Campeonato Mundial de 2015 em Haia, permaneceu com a dupla até o CEV Continental Cup Final na Noruega em 2016, alcançando o nono posto, no Masters de e Maxime Thiercy.

Com Quincy Aye prossegue a temporada de 2016 e em inicia com este em 2017 conquistando o título do torneio uma estrela em Agadir, o terceiro no de Montpellier e o vice-campeonato no torneio duas estrelas de Sidney, e o título do Circuito EEVZA em Yantarny. Continuaram na temporada 2018 como melhor resultado na etapa quatro estrelas de Doha, quando finalizaram na nona posição, mesmo posto obtido no Campeonato Europeu de Haia, ainda pelo circuito mundial terminaram com vice-campeonato na etapa uma estrela de Montpellier, prosseguindo na temporada com Edouard Rowlandson no ano e iniciando 2019 obtendo o quarto lugar no três estrelas de Sidney.

Com a mesma parceria, disputou a etapa quatro estrelas de Chetuma de 2020.Em 2021 forma dupla com Olivier Barthelemy sagrando-se campeões da etapa de Arles, vice-campeões em Anglet e terceiros colocados em Genf pelo circuito francês, retomou a parceria com Quincy Aye  para a disputa do quatro estrelas de Itapema.Em 2022 passa atuar com Arnaud Gauthier-Rat disputando o Challenge de Itapema, neste alcançou o quinto lugar, e os nonos lugares em Doha  e Kuşadası, disputaram a edição do Campeonato Mundial de 2022 em Roma, quando finalizaram no décimo sétimo lugar, depois, conquistaram a etapa de  do Elite 16 do Circuito Mundial.Em 2023 foram vice-campeões do Challenge de Itapema e terceiro colocados no Future de Lille.

Títulos e resultados

 Elite de 16 de Torquay do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2022
 1* de Agadir do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2017
 Aberto de Xiamen do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2014
 Challenge de Itapema do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2023
 1* de Montpellier do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2018
 2* de Sidney do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2017
 Future de Lille do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2023
 1* de Montpellier do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2017
 Aberto de Fuzhou do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2015
 Aberto de Mangaung do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2014
 Aberto de Doha do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2014
 4* de Sidney do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2019
 Aberto de Doha do Circuito Mundial de Vôlei de Praia de 2015
 Liga A Francesa de Voleibol:2009-10

Ligações externas

Jogadores de voleibol de praia da França
Voleibolistas da França
Centrais de voleibol
Pontas de voleibol

Youssef Krou


بوريفوي دورديفيتش ، من مواليد 2 أغسطس 1948 ، لاعب كرة قدم يوغسلافي سابق.

لعب مع منتخب يوغسلافيا لكرة القدم.

مسيرته الكروية
لعب بوريفوي دورديفيتش خلال مسيرته الاحترافية مع 3 أندية في خمسة عشر موسمًا وسجل خلالها 34 هدفًا ضمن 285 مباراة. حيث فاز في موسم واحد بالكأس وفي موسمين بالدوري.

خاض بوريفوي دورديفيتش مسيرته مع نادي بارتيزان في موسم 1965–66 ليلعب معه أحد عشر موسمًا، مشاركًا في 210 مباراة سجل خلالها 21 هدفًا. ثم انتقل إلى نادي باناثينايكوس في موسم 1976–77 ولمدة موسمين، حيث شارك في 23 مباراة سجل خلالها 5 أهداف. لينتقل بعدها إلى  في موسم 1978–79 ولمدة موسمين، مشاركًا في 52 مباراة سجل خلالها 8 أهداف.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية صرب
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية صرب مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يوغوسلافيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يوغوسلافيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في اليونان
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في ألمانيا
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في ألمانيا
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في اليونان
لاعبو الدوري الألماني الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو الدوري اليوغوسلافي الأول
لاعبو الدوري اليوناني
لاعبو إنتراخت تراير
لاعبو بارتيزان بلغراد
لاعبو باناثينايكوس
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1968
لاعبو كرة قدم صرب
لاعبو كرة قدم صرب مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في اليونان
لاعبو كرة قدم من بلغراد
لاعبو كرة قدم يوغوسلاف مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم يوغوسلافيون
لاعبو منتخب يوغوسلافيا لكرة القدم
مواليد 1948
مواليد في بلغراد
يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في ألمانيا
يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في اليونان

بوريفوي دورديفيتش


Dietrich Hermann von Nagel (* 1621; † 14. April 1685 auf Haus Vornholz)  war ein münsterscher Offizier im Dienst des Fürstbischofes Christoph Bernhard von Galen.

Leben

Herkunft und Familie
Dietrich Hermann wuchs als Sohn des Georg von Nagel zu Itlingen (1580–1661) und seiner Gemahlin Appolonia von Wendt zu Crassenstein zusammen mit seinem Bruder Ferdinand († 1687) in der uradeligen westfälischen Adelsfamilie von Nagel auf.
Er heiratete am 13. Oktober 1652 Margaretha Magdalena von Schilder zu Himminghausen (gest. 23. Juli 1675). Die Kinder Appolonia Margaretha Magdalene (Stiftsdame in Geseke), Christoph Bernhard und Georg Levin sind aus dieser Ehe hervorgegangen. Aus der am 31. Januar 1677 mit Maria Klara von Billerbeck zu Egelborg (* 2. Mai 1644 in Egelborg, † 2. August 1701 in Stromberg) geschlossenen Ehe stammen die Kinder Franz Adolf, Ferdinand Matthias, Ferdinand Ignaz und Maria Elisabeth (* 1681, ⚭ Johann Bertraud von Etzbach).

Wirken
1650 war er Obristlieutenant im Regiment von Donop; 15. Januar 1655 adjungierter Amtsdroste des Amts Stromberg. Im Jahre 1656 erwarb Dietrich Hermann von Nagel den Besitz Haus Vornholz. 23. Juni 1658 bzw. 1661 Obrist über ein Regiment zu Pferde und 1661 Geheimer Kriegsrat, 1661 Generalwachtmeister. Nach dem Tod des Vaters wird er 28. Oktober 1661 bzw. 29. Oktober 1679 bzw. 1685 Amtsdroste in Stromberg. 1666 lässt er die Keuschenburg bei Ennigerloh bauen. Am 27. Juni 1673 wird er Oberkommandierender aller münsterschen Truppen und erwirbt sich den Namen des "tollen Generals". 1675 zerstört er auf Befehl des Fürstbischofes Christoph Bernhard von Galen die Nienburg und verhaftet dessen Besitzer. 1697 erwirbt seine Familie den Landbesitz von Nienburg und Haus Keuschenburg.

Siehe auch
 Nagel (Adelsgeschlecht)

Weblinks
 https://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/portal/Internet/finde/langDatensatz.php?urlID=2961&url_tabelle=tab_person

General der Frühen Neuzeit
Militärperson (Münster)
Dietrich Hermann
Geboren 1621
Gestorben 1685
Mann

Dietrich Hermann von Nagel


Le  () est un musée consacré à l'art populaire situé à Kiev, en Ukraine.

Historique

Il se trouve proche du monastère Laure des Grottes de Kiev au 5 de la rue Lavrska.

Collections

Le Musée national abrite   du XVe siècle à nos jours. La collection met en valeur les différences régionales entre les objets du quotidien selon les régions.
.

La collection est basée sur la collecte effectuée par la Société des arts et antiquités de Kiev en 1899 comme partie du Musée municipal des arts et antiquités nouvellement fondé. En 1904 renommé musée de l'industrie de Kiev, in 1924 Le musée historique de tous les ukrainiens Taras Shevchenko.

Notes et références

Annexes

Liens externes

arts populaires
arts populaires

Musée national des arts décoratifs populaires


Radu-Emil Precup (n. 22 martie 1963) este un inginer român, membru corespondent al Academiei Române în cadrul Secției de Știința și Tehnologia Informației (28 iunie 2018).

Note

Bibliografie
 Eugen Radu-Emil Precup, CV
 Eugen Radu-Emil Precup, Pagină personală

Legături externe
 Membrii Academiei Române din 1866 până în prezent – P

Nașteri în 1963
Ingineri români în viață
Membri corespondenți ai Academiei Române
Profesori ai Universității Politehnica Timișoara

Radu Emil Precup


نادي بنغازي الجديدة نادي كرة قدم ليبي تأسس عام 1984. يلعب النادي في الدوري الليبي الدرجة الثانية.

المصادر

أندية كرة قدم في ليبيا
الرياضة في بنغازي

نادي بنغازي الجديدة


Portalegre () is a municipality in Portugal. The population  was 22,368, in an area of . The municipality is located by the Serra de São Mamede in the Portalegre District.

Its name comes from the Latin Portus Alacer (meaning "cheerful port"). The municipal holiday is 23 May. According to the 2001 census the city of Portalegre had 15,768 inhabitants in its two parishes (Sé and São Lourenço). These two parishes, plus the eight rural parishes, had a total of 25,608 inhabitants. The current mayor is Adelaide Teixeira, who was elected as an independent.

History
According to a frequently mentioned legend, described by Friar Amador Arrais in his 1589 work, Diálogos, Portalegre was founded by Lísias in the 12th century BC, following the disappearance of his daughter Maia. She was walking with Tobias when she is coveted by a vagabond, Dolme, who kidnaps and murders Tobias.

Lísias is desperate for his daughter's disappearance and goes in search of her, eventually finding her dead by a stream that today is named Ribeiro de Baco. Lísias will die of joy when she thinks she has seen her daughter extend her arms to her. The city that was founded in the meantime was given the name of Ammaia. Lysias would also have built a fortress and a temple dedicated to Bacchus on the site where the Church of São Cristóvão stands today. According to Friar Amador Arrais, ruins of this temple still existed in the 16th century.

It is believed the legend resulted from fantasies somehow supported by the existence of a tombstone with a dedication to the Roman emperor Commodus (161-192), which was probably brought from the ruins of the Roman city at São Salvador da Aramenha, near Marvão, which is now commonly accepted as the Roman Ammaia referred to in various historical sources.

The location of this and other cities mentioned in sources from the Roman period, Medóbriga, was the subject of controversy until, at least, the beginning of the 20th century, with speculation until that time whether there were any important ancient settlements in the area currently occupied by the city or in its surroundings.

The name of Portalegre comes from Portus Alacer (meaning "happy" port or crossing point). It is likely that in the 12th century there was a village in the valley to the east of Serra da Penha. The name of Portalegre, where one of the important activities would be to provide shelter and food for travelers (hence the name of port, crossing point or supply). The contrast of its green slopes and valleys with the more arid and monotonous landscape to the south and north may have contributed to its name. The village prospered. In 1129, it was a village in the municipality of Marvão, becoming the seat of the municipality in 1253, having been awarded the first charter in 1259 by Afonso III, who ordered the construction of the first fortifications, which were never completed.

Along with Marvão, Castelo de Vide and Arronches, Portalegre was donated by Afonso III to his second son, Afonso.

The next king ordered the construction of the first walls in 1290, which he himself would surround for 5 months in 1299, following the civil war that opposed him to his brother, who asserted the throne claiming that Denis was an illegitimate child.

That same year, Denis would grant Portalegre the privilege of not being assigned the lordship of the village "neither the infant, nor the rich man, nor the rich lady, but being of the King and of his first heir son".

After Ferdinand I died in 1383 without leaving any male heirs, Leonor Teles assumed the regency of the Kingdom at the same time that she became acquainted with Count Andeiro, a Galician nobleman. This situation upset a large part of the people, the bourgeoisie and a part of the nobility, as it was feared that this situation would reinforce the claims to the Portuguese throne of John I of Castile, who was married to Beatrice, the daughter of Ferdinand and Leonor.

This dynastic crisis, which involved a warlike civil war between Portugal and Castile, would come to be known as the 1383-1385 Crisis. The strongest party among those who opposed the claims to the throne of John I of Castile and D. Beatrice supported the coronation of John of Aviz.

Among the nobles who supported John of Aviz was Nuno Álvares Pereira, brother of the then mayor of Portalegre, Pedro Álvares Pereira, Prior of Crato, who was a staunch supporter of Leonor. This position of the mayor provoked the revolt of the people of Portalegre, which surrounded the castle and forced Dom Pedro to flee to Crato. The former mayor would die in 1385 at the Battle of Aljubarrota, where he fought on the opposite side of his brother, Nuno.

The town grew in importance and on August 21, 1549 the Diocese of Portalegre was created, by a bull of Pope Paul III, following steps in this direction by John III, who would elevate Portalegre to the city on 23 May 1550.

The importance of the city at that time was reflected, for example, in the volume of revenue from the tax on Jewish quarters, which was similar to that of Porto, and only surpassed by those of Lisbon, Santarém and Setúbal. It was also one of the most important fabric industry centers in the country, along with Estremoz and Covilhã.

Owing to its proximity to the border with Spain, over the years Portalegre endured many invasions by foreign troops.

In 1704, during the War of the Spanish Succession, it was attacked and conquered by the army of Felipe V; again in 1801 during the War of the Oranges, it surrendered to the Spanish Army, in an attempt to counter the French dominion. In 1847, it was occupied by forces of the Spanish General Concha.

Portalegre becomes capital of the homonymous district when the districts were formed on 18 July 1835.

Geography

Although the landscape of the municipalities north of Portalegre is still typically Alentejo, with relatively flat areas alternating with mostly relatively low hills, Portalegre is often described as a transition zone between the drier, flat Alentejo and the Beiras, wetter and mountainous. The terrain is more varied than in the rest of Alentejo in general, which contributes to the landscape having its own peculiar characteristics.

The city is located at an altitude of between , in the transition zone between the relatively flat landscape, but with many low hills to the south and west, and the mountainous system of Serra de São Mamede, which surrounds it to the north, east and southeast.

The geology is varied, which translates into the variety of soils, with zones of schist, greywacke, limestone and quartzite.

The unique characteristics of the landscape, flora and fauna are at the base of the creation of the Serra de São Mamede Natural Park, which includes a considerable part of the municipality's area.

Climate
Portalegre has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa) with hot, dry summers and mild winters. Its position at the foot of Serra de São Mamede gives it cooler day temperatures, higher precipitation and lower insolation than the surrounding municipalities.

Parishes
The municipality is composed of 7 parishes:

 Alagoa
 Alegrete
 Ribeira de Nisa e Carreiras
 Fortios
 Reguengo e São Julião
 Sé e São Lourenço
 Urra

Other features

The house-museum of José Régio, a famous Portuguese poet, was installed in his home, in which he lived for 34 years. When Régio was accepted at the high school of Mouzinho da Silveira, in Portalegre, this place was a hostel. It was previously an annex of the convent of S. Brás, of which there are still some vestiges, namely the chapel. It served as a headquarters when the peninsular wars were fought, but it was later named Pensão 21.

Régio rented a humble room and, as he needed more space (he collected several works of art, amongst which more than 400 representations of Christ), he would rent more space. So, as time went by, he finally became the only inhabitant of the hostel.

In 1965, he sold his collection to the municipality of Portalegre with the condition of it buying his house, restore it and transform it into a museum. He lived there until he died, in 1969. The museum was opened to public in 1971.

Town twinning

  Vila do Conde, Portugal, 1994
  São Vicente, Cape Verde, 1997
  Salé, Morocco, 1997
  Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, 2005
  Cáceres, Spain, 2005

Notable people

 Cristóvão Falcão (ca.1512– ca.1557) a poet, from a noble family in Portalegre.
 Jorge de Avilez Zuzarte de Sousa Tavares (1785–1845) a military officer and statesman.
 Beatriz Rente (1858 in Sé – 1907) a Portuguese theatre actor.
 José Régio (1901–1969) a Portuguese writer, lived in Portalegre from 1929 to 1962
 Carlos Canário (1918-1990) a footballer with 197 club caps and 10 for Portugal
 Lucília do Carmo (1919–1998) a famous Portuguese fadista (fado singer)
 Joaquim Miranda (1950–2006) a Portuguese economist, politician and MEP.
 João Luís Carrilho da Graça (born 1952) a Portuguese architect and lecturer.
 Rui Cardoso Martins (born 1967) a Portuguese writer.
 Miguel Praia (born 1978) a retired Portuguese motorcycle racer.

See also

Portalegre DOC

References

External links

Municipality official website
Pormenores Magazine Homepage
Photos from Portalegre

Populated places in Portalegre District
Municipalities of Portalegre District

Portalegre, Portugal


NK Posavac je nogometni klub iz Kupine u Brodsko-posavskoj županiji.

Klub je osnovan 1981. Nekoliko sezona klub se natjecao u 2. ŽNL Brodsko-posavskoj.

Trenutačno se natječe u 3. ŽNL Brodsko-posavskoj.

Izvor

Nogometni klubovi u Brodsko-posavskoj županiji

NK Posavac Kupina


La masacre de Carandiru (nombre con el cual fue popularizada en los medios locales) ocurrió el  en la Penitenciaría de Carandiru (Casa de Detenção de São Paulo) cuando tras una rebelión dentro del centro penitenciario mueren asesinados 111 reclusos por parte de la Policía Militar del Estado de São Paulo. Es considerada como la violación de derechos humanos más grande conocida en la historia carcelaria de Brasil.

Historia

La masacre fue causada por un motín de prisioneros que sucedió en el pabellón 9 de la penitenciaría. Se hicieron pocos o ningún esfuerzo en negociar con los reclusos antes de que la Policía Militar, al mando del Coronel Ubiratan Guimarães, ingresara a las instalaciones puesto que el motín no pudo ser controlado por parte de los guardias de la prisión. El recuento de víctimas fue de 111, de los cuales 102 fueron por disparos de la Policía Militar y 9 debidos a apuñalamientos infligidos por otros reclusos antes de que llegara la Policía. No murió ninguno de los 68 oficiales de policía. Los sobrevivientes afirman que la policía también disparó a los reclusos que ya se habían rendido y a los que intentaban esconderse dentro de sus celdas, por lo que es posible que el número de muertos fuera superior al que fue divulgado. La fiscalía del juicio contra el coronel Guimarães calificó la intervención como "desastrosa y mal preparada".

La prisión de Carandiru fue demolida el 9 de diciembre de 2002, poco después de grabarse en su interior una película que reconstruía los hechos de la masacre.

Juicio y muerte del coronel Guimarães

En junio de 2001, el coronel Guimarães fue inicialmente condenado a 632 años de prisión por 102 de las 111 muertes en la masacre (seis años por cada homicidio y veinte años por cinco tentativas de homicidio). Al año siguiente, fue elegido como diputado estatal de São Paulo después de dictada la sentencia condenatoria, durante el trámite de la apelación de dicha sentencia. Por tal motivo, la apelación fue realizada el 15 de febrero de 2006 por la Junta Especial del Tribunal de Justicia, es decir, por los 25 magistrados más antiguos del estado de São Paulo. La junta reconoció por veinte votos contra dos que la sentencia condenatoria dictada por el jurado contenía un error, y aceptaron el argumento de que sólo estaba siguiendo órdenes. Esta revisión terminó por absolver al demandado, lo cual causó indignación en varios grupos de derechos humanos que acusaron el hecho de ser un "paso atrás" de la justicia brasileña.

El , el coronel Guimarães fue asesinado en un crimen sin aparente conexión con la masacre. En la pared del edificio donde vivía fue pintado con aerosol "aquí se hace, aquí se paga", lo cual hacía referencia a la masacre de Carandiru.

Fundación del Primer Comando Capital
La masacre causó indignación entre los detenidos de otras prisiones, que al parecer decidieron formar el Primer Comando Capital (PCC) al año siguiente del evento. Una de las declaraciones iniciales del grupo era que tenían la intención de "combatir la opresión dentro del sistema penitenciario de São Paulo" y "vengar la muerte de ciento once prisioneros". Se cree que este grupo es responsable de la muerte de José Ismael Pedrosa, director de la prisión en la época de la masacre. Sin embargo, este supuesto origen del PCC, uno de los principales grupos del crimen organizado en Brasil, es bastante cuestionado, debido a que no hay evidencia clara de que existe alguna conexión entre la facción criminal y la masacre de los prisioneros.

Referencias

Véase también
 Carandiru (película)

Brasil en 1992
Motines carcelarios
Masacres en Brasil
Brutalidad policial
Víctimas de violencia policial

Masacre de Carandiru


El Sarimanok es un pájaro mítico de la cultura Maranao que se origina en Mindanao, una isla importante en las Filipinas. Proviene de las palabras "sari" y "manok." "Sari" significa tela o ropa, que generalmente es de colores variados. Manòk, que forma parte de su nombre, es una palabra filipina para pollo.

Descripción
Es el pájaro legendario que se ha convertido en un símbolo omnipresente del arte Maranao. Se describe como un ave con alas de colores variados y la cola con plumas, con un pez en el pico o en las garras. La cabeza está profusamente decorada con hojas de pergamino. Se dice que es un símbolo de buena fortuna.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Cultura Filipina

Aves legendarias
Religión en Filipinas

Sarimanok


Onthophagus pseudofimetarius é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Balthasar em 1946.

Referências

Ligações externas

pseudofimetarius
Coleópteros descritos em 1946

Onthophagus pseudofimetarius


Música moderna es el primer álbum de estudio publicado por el grupo musical español Radio Futura en 1980. Publicado por Hispavox, el disco  supone el debut discográfico de la banda. Aunque en su momento se consideró previo a ésta y enmarcado en la corriente conocida como Nueva Ola, actualmente se considera uno de los discos más conocidos del movimiento social y cultural que se denominó Movida madrileña.

Por aquel entonces Radio Futura estaba compuesta por Herminio Molero (compositor y sintetizadores), Javier Pérez-Grueso (percusión electrónica, voz) y el trío nuclear a partir del que la banda se reorganizaría tras el disco y el abandono tras este de Molero y Pérez Grueso: los hermanos Santiago (voz, guitarra) y Luis (bajo) Auserón, junto a Enrique Sierra (guitarra solista).

Antecedentes

Por la época, Radio Futura acaba de conformarse tras la disolución de la Orquesta Futurama, proyecto de Molero al que pertenecían, entre otros, todos los miembros del grupo. Disuelto el grupo, de efímera vida y que desaparecería el mismo año de su nacimiento, 1979, sin dejar grabación alguna. En octubre de ese año Radio Futura da su primer concierto en el Ateneo de Madrid. La repercusión de sus primeras actuaciones y los contactos de Molero con el mundo de la producción acabarán dando su fruto: la cinta que Helenio Herrero (un amigo suyo productor independiente) lleva a Hispavox acaba con la firma de su primer contrato discográfico.

Repertorio, grabación y lanzamiento

Música moderna consta de diez temas, siete compuestos por Molero, uno por Santiago Auserón, otro por Enrique Sierra y una versión de un tema de T-Rex («Divina (Los Bailes de Marte)», versión de «Ballrooms of Mars» de Marc Bolan para los T-Rex cuya letra reescribe Santiago Auserón pensando en Alaska, una de las divas de la Movida). Sin embargo, se decide que todos los temas vayan firmados por todos los componentes del grupo. Se graba en los estudios que la productora  Hispavox tiene en Madrid, entre el 10 de noviembre de 1979 y el 20 de marzo de 1980. Hay una colaboración más, de Carlos García Berlanga, autor de «Ivonne», una canción que los Pegamoides tocaban en directo con otro título, «Rendibú en el hipódromo».

El disco supone un estallido en los medios y tiene un éxito inesperado fuera de los ambientes especializados. El primer sencillo es «Enamorado de la moda juvenil» (con «Ivonne» en la cara B), compuestas ambas por Molero, y pronto alcanza el primer puesto de las listas de ventas. A principios de verano «Divina» e «Interferencias» se lanzan como segundo sencillo (la segunda no estaba incluida en el disco).

Si en un principio Radio Futura agradecía el fuerte apoyo económico recibido para la promoción del disco (que sin embargo resultó inapropiado, puesto que no obtuvo buenos resultados económicos). el comportamiento de la productora iría produciendo importantes rencillas con el grupo hasta provocar finalmente la ruptura años después. De hecho la estrategia de comercialización dirigida a convertir al grupo en un fenómeno de "fanes", inédita entre grupos que por su estilo en principio estarían alejados de los circuitos mainstream, hizo incluso que el grupo fuese criticado con el argumento de ser un "montaje" de la industria musical, un "producto estandarizado y programado por la maquinaria discográfica".

Llega a editarse un disco homónimo, que sin permiso del grupo incluye «Enamorado...» y «Divina» junto a otros artistas que elige Hispavox (Leiff Garett, Pedro Marín, Chan y Chevy o Mabel, banda de Mike Tramp, que formaría posteriormente White Lion). Algunos de los componentes del grupo se muestran también muy contrarios a la producción del propio disco, que habría "deformado" las canciones para darle una pátina más comercial.

Ese verano giran por todo el país, y el disco se edita en Europa e Hispanoamérica.

Del álbum se lanzan dos sencillos: «Enamorado de la moda juvenil», con «Ivonne» en la cara B, y «Divina», lanzado junto a «Interferencias».

Influencias y repercusión. Renuncia de la banda al disco

Música Moderna es un caso particular en la discografía de Radio Futura. Supone la eclosión del grupo y la apertura de la música popular española a algunas corrientes internacionales (influencias de The Clash, particularmente de su London Calling, T-Rex, Bowie o Talking Heads) con poco recorrido hasta ese momento. Además, su moderado éxito comercial facilitaría el camino a otros grupos con esas inquietudes. Por otro lado, el hecho de ser una creación en su mayor parte de Molero y los disgustos con la producción llevarían posteriormente a Radio Futura a renegar de ese disco, cuyas canciones nunca han vuelto a ser remezcladas ni incluidas en recopilatorios controlados por la banda, pese a estar firmadas como autores por todos los componentes del grupo. Ni siquiera se han vuelto a tocar en directo, y el propio disco no aparece en discografías controladas por la banda.

Pérez Grueso deja el grupo en diciembre. Más traumática sería la salida de Molero en febrero de 1981, por su condición de alma mater de la primera encarnación de Radio Futura. De hecho, el asunto de la ruptura acabó llegando a los tribunales por la propiedad del nombre del grupo, que Molero había registrado a su nombre. Sin embargo, el juez falló en su contra:

En todo caso, «Enamorado de la moda juvenil» fue incluida por Rolling Stone en el puesto 63 de las 200 mejores canciones del pop español.

Lista de canciones

Véase también
 Radio Futura
 Herminio Molero

Referencias

Álbumes de Radio Futura
Álbumes de España de 1980
Álbumes debut de 1980
Álbumes de rock en español
Álbumes de pop-rock
Álbumes en español
Álbumes de Hispavox

Música moderna (álbum de Radio Futura)


Republika.rs je srbijansko digitalno izdanje dnevnih novina Srpski telegraf, pokrenuto 15. rujna 2017. sa sjedištem u Beogradu. Republika.rs je u vlasništvu privatne srbijanske tvrtke "Medijska mreža", koja je osnivač i dnevne novine "Srpski telegraf".

Republika  je objavila dosta ekskluzivnih priča i deklarira se kao neovisni domaći medij. Sadržaj s portala prenosili su i neki svjetski mediji, CNN , Dailymail , Marca , Transfermarkt , Sportbuzzer  i drugi.

Portal objavljuje najnovije vijesti i međunarodne vijesti iz cijelog svijeta. Oni pokrivaju sva područja publikacija iz politike, ekonomije, društava, crnih kronika, sporta, zabave, estrade, show business i još mnogo toga. Informativni portal objavljuje autorske tekstove iz svog tiskanog izdanja i pokriva širok raspon članaka u srpskom jeziku, a od 2021. godine objavljuje povremene vijesti u odjeljku "Top News" (hrv. Top vijesti) na engleskom jeziku.

Portal objavljuje vijesti, videozapise i lokalno izvješća iz Beograda i drugih gradova u Srbiji. Vijesti iz susjednih zemalja Crne Gore, Bosne i Hercegovine, Hrvatske, jugoistočne Europe, Europske unije, Rusije, SAD-a i drugih zemalja u kojima živi srpska dijaspora.

Povijest
Portal Republike.rs je lansiran 540 dana nakon izlaza iz tiskanog izdanja dnevnih novina. Portal je lansiran iz istog tima dugih novinara Milana Lađevića i Saša Milanovića, koji su također pokrenuli tiskano izdanje.

Tijekom osnivanja 2017. godine, položaj glavnog urednika obavio je Branislav Jovanović. Nakon unutarnje reorganizacije tvrtke u 2021. godini, Katarina Martić je došla na ravnatelja, a funkcija glavnog urednika obavila je Natalija Atanacković.

Povezane publikacije i usluge

Mobilna aplikacija
Republika također ima mobilne aplikacije Android, IOS i EMUI verzije operativnih sustava za Android, Apple i Huawei uređaje.

Mobilna aplikacija je u svim trgovinama snimljenim u kategoriji Vijesti | Časopisi.

Magazin
15. listopada 2021. Republika je započela svoju prvi online časopis o modernom načinu života (eng. Lifestyle) "Sretna Republika".  Sadržaj časopisa prilagođen je ženskoj i muškoj čitačkoj populaciji u dobi od 16 i više godina.

Sekcije: Zdravlje | Ljubav | VIP vijest | Ljepota | Dom i kuhinju | Astro kutak | Kviz osobnosti | Putovati | Ljubimac | Kultura

Sadržaj časopisa Sretna Republika također je dostupna putem mobilne aplikacije u trenutnim verzijama.

Video produkcija
Republika je 1. lipnja 2021. također pokrenula vlastitu video produkciju.

Unutar video produkcije nalazi se multimedijski studio u svrhu snimanja i postprodukcije različitih Full HD i 4K formata. Multimedijalni studio posjeduje nekoliko scena s raznim krajolikom za snimanje TV emisija, koji se emitira na jutjub kanalu Republike.

Ekskluzivni audio zapisi
Republika.rs je na jutjub kanalu  i portalu 1. lipnja 2021. godine, isključivo objavila dokumentarni niz sedam epizoda pripovijeđenih audio zapisa Veljka Belivuka, čelnika kriminalne skupine "Principi" i srbijanske podružnice "Kavačkog klana". U objavljenim audio zapisima, Belikvuk je govorio o drogama, političarima, uhićenju, likvidacijama, navijačima i preuzimanju južnog foruma, nogometaša i poznatog bunkera na stadionu Partizan.

Dokumentarna seriju radio je Vojislav Tufegdžić, jedan od autora slavnog dokumentarnog filma o podzemlju "Vidimo se u čitulji".

Defincije

Književnost

Bilješke

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Srbijanski elektronički mediji

Republika.rs


Vladino središte za komunikacije (eng.: Government Communications Headquarters, GCHQ) je služba zadužena za nadzor komunikacija u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu. GCHQ je osnovano nakon Prvog svjetskog rata 1919. godine kao Vladina škola za kodove i šifre (eng.: Government Code and Cypher School) i pod tim je imenom djelovala sve do 1946. godine. Za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata je bila smještena u Bletchley Parku i bila zaslužna za dešifriranje Enigme.

GCHQ se sastoji od dva dijela: Spregnute signalne organizacije (eng.: Composite Signals Organisation, CSO) zadužene za nadzor i presretanje komunikacije i od Nacionalnog središta za kibernetičku sigurnost (eng.: National Cyber Security Centre, NCSC) koje je zaduženo za zaštitu komunikacije unutar Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva. Sjedište GCHQ je u Cheltenhamu.

GCHQ je dio britanske obavještajne zajednice zajedno sa sigurnosnom službom MI5, obavještajnom službom MI6 i obrambenom obavještajnom službom DI.

Povijest

Ravnatelji

Poveznice
 MI5, sigurnosna služba Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva
 MI6, obavještajna služba Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva
 DI, obrambena obavještajna služba Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva
 NSA, američka služba za nadzor komunikacija
 Postrojba 8200, izraelska služba za nadzor komunikacija
 SOA, hrvatska sigurnosno-obavještajna služba

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Službena stranica

Sigurnosno-obavještajne službe
Politika Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva

Vladino središte za komunikacije (UK)


José Arley Dinas Rodríguez, simplemente conocido como Arley Dinas (nacido el 16 de mayo de 1974 en Caloto, Colombia) es un exfutbolista colombiano. Jugaba de defensor y su primer equipo fue América de Cali.

Carrera

Comenzó su carrera en 1991 jugando para América de Cali. Jugó para el club hasta 1997, cuando en 1998 es transferido a Deportes Tolima, en donde jugó hasta el año 2000. En 2001 fue transferido a Deportivo Cali. Ese mismo año se fue a Japón, en donde jugó en el Shonan Bellmare. Al año siguiente, en 2002 regresó a Colombia para jugar en Millonarios, cuando ese año se trasladó a la Argentina para formar parte del plantel de Boca Juniors. Jugó para el club hasta 2003.

Últimos años y retiro

En 2003, Arley regresó a Deportes Tolima, en donde se retiró en 2005. El 14 de junio de 2004 salió a la cancha del estadio de Trujillo (Perú) a tratar de jugar un buen partido contra la selección de ese país. Fue llamado cuando jugaba con el Deportes Tolima, para atender una convocatoria de la selección Colombia.

En el minuto 43, cuando salió a disputar un balón, le cometieron una falta que lo sacó del partido y también del fútbol. Comenzó a pedir que le practicaran una cirugía en la rodilla. Y ni la Federación Colombiana, ni el club, atendieron su solicitud. Al final, tres meses después, su amigo y médico Mario Figueroa lo operó gratis, pero luego, el diagnóstico señaló que no podía volver a jugar.

Una lamentable lesión grave en la rodilla derecha con la Selección Colombia lo sacó de las canchas y del fútbol el día 14 de junio de 2004.

Selección nacional

Ha sido internacional con la Selección de fútbol de Colombia en 9 ocasiones. Ha hecho un total de 29 apariciones en su selección, en las que, como era de esperarse, no marcó ningún gol.

Participaciones en Copa de Oro de la Concacaf

Participaciones en Copa América

Participaciones en Eliminatorias al Mundial

Clubes
{|align="center" bgcolor="#f7f8ff" cellpading="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: gray solid 1px; border-

Palmarés

Campeonatos nacionales

Copas internacionales

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en Caloto
Futbolistas de Colombia
Futbolistas de Colombia en la Copa América 2004
Futbolistas del América de Cali
Futbolistas del Deportes Tolima
Futbolistas del Deportivo Cali
Futbolistas del Shonan Bellmare
Futbolistas de Millonarios Fútbol Club en los años 2000
Futbolistas del Boca Juniors en los años 2000

Arley Dinas


An Cyclopogon paludosus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Célestin Alfred Cogniaux, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Schltr.. An Cyclopogon paludosus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Cyclopogon, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Cyclopogon

Cyclopogon paludosus


إيجور كونيتسين  هو لاعب كرة مضرب روسي.

روابط إضافية

 Kunitsyn Recent Match Results
 Kunitsyn World Ranking History

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون من فلاديفوستوك
لاعبو كرة مضرب روس
مواليد 1981
مواليد في فلاديفوستوك

إيجور كونيتسين


Categoria grea

Categoria cruiser

Categoria semigrea

Categoria super-mijlocie

Categoria mijlocie

Categoria junior mijlocie

Categoria semi-mijlocie

Categoria junior semi-mijlocie

Categoria ușoară

Categoria junior ușoară

Categoria pană

Categoria junior pană

Categoria cocoș

Categoria junior cocoș

Categoria muscă

Categoria junior muscă

Categoria pai

Vezi și
Lista campionilor mondiali la box: WBC; WBA; WBO

Liste despre sport
Campioni mondiali la box
Box

Lista campionilor mondiali la box, IBF


Sör Charles Harington Harington (31 Mayıs 1872 - 22 Ekim 1940) Britanya Ordusu generali.

I. Dünya Savaşı'nda Batı Cephesi'nde çeşitli birliklerin komutanlığını yaptı. Savaş bittikten sonra 1918-1920 yılları arasında İmparatorluk Genelkurmay Başkan Yardımcısı olarak görev yaptı. Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı esnasında 1920-23 yılları arası İtilaf Devletleri adına İstanbul İşgal Orduları Başkomutanı olarak görev yaptı. İstanbul'dan ayrılırken adına bir kupa düzenlendi. Kupayı Fenerbahçe kazandı

1 Kasım 1923 - 15 Mayıs 1927 tarihleri arasında Büyük Britanya Kuzey Komutanlığı görevini yürüttü. 1927-1931 yılları arasında Hindistan'da Batı Komutanı olarak görev yaptı. 1931 yılında tekrar Britanya Adası'nda Aldershot Komutanlığı görevine atandı. 1933 yılında Cebelitarık Valisi olarak atandı. Bu görevini emekli olduğu 1938 yılına kadar sürdürdü.

22 Ekim 1940 tarihinde öldü.

Ayrıca bakınız
 General Harington Kupası

Kaynakça

1872 doğumlular
1940 yılında ölenler
Britanya Ordusu generalleri

Charles Harington


Lovey ist das vierte Musikalbum der amerikanischen Indie-Rock-Band The Lemonheads.

Einordnung
Das Album markiert einen entscheidenden Einschnitt in der Geschichte der Lemonheads. So ist Lovey nicht nur die erste Veröffentlichung auf dem Major-Label Atlantic, sondern auch die erste ohne Gründungsmitglied Ben Deilly und somit der erste Schritt zum vermeintlichen "Soloprojekt" von Evan Dando.

Auch musikalisch beschreitet Lovey neue Wege. Die rauen Punkgitarren, die in den Anfangstagen der Band zu hören waren, sind Geschichte. Es überwiegen kurze, melodische Up tempo Stücke wie Left for Dead oder Stove. Zu hören sind auch Songs wie Li'l Seed, die vertrackt und weniger eingängig sind. Der Gram Parsons Song Brass Bottons knüpft an eine Tradition der Band an, Coverversionen bekannter amerikanischer Musiker aufzunehmen. So haben die Lemonheads Luka von Suzanne Vega oder Mrs. Robinson von Simon & Garfunkel neu interpretiert.

Kommerziell blieb das Album weitgehend unbeachtet. Der Erfolg kam erst mit dem Nachfolgealbum It's a Shame About Ray, das drei Jahre später erschien.

Titelliste

 Ballarat – 3:15
 Half the Time – 2:45
 Year of the Cat – 2:28
 Ride With Me – 3:38
 Li'l Seed (Corey Brennan/Chambers/Dando/Tarver) – 3:22
 Stove – 3:08
 Come Downstairs – 2:54
 Left for Dead – 2:05
 Brass Buttons (Gram Parsons) – 3:11
 (The) Door (Brennan/Dando) – 7:01

 Wo nicht anders vermerkt, wurden alle Songs von Evan Dando geschrieben.

Literatur
 The Lemonheads. In: Siegfried Schmidt-Joos/Wolf Kampmann. Pop-Lexikon. Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Hamburg 2002, S. 347–348, ISBN 3-499-61114-7.

Weblinks
 The Lemonheads bei Taang! Records

Album (Indie-Rock)
Album 1990

Lovey


ලෝක රූ රැජිණ යනු ලෝක රූ රැජිණ සංවිධානය (Miss World Organisation) විසින් වාර්ෂිකව පවත්වනු ලබන, එක් එක් වසර වලදී ජාත්‍යන්තර මට්ටමෙන් රූප සුන්දරියක් තෝරා ගන්නා තරඟයකි. ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ, මහා ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ, මිහිකත රූ රැජිණ සහ විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ තරඟ හැරුණු විට, ලෝකයේ පවත්වන අනෙක් දැවැන්තම රූ රැජිණ තරඟය වන්නේ ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟයයි. 1951 වර්ෂයේදී Eric Morley ගේ ප්‍රධානත්වයෙන් ඇරඹූ මෙම තරඟය, ලොව පැරණිතම රූ රැජිණ තරඟයද වෙයි.

සාම්ප්‍රදානුකූලව, ලෝක රූ රැජිණක් තම ධූර කාලය තුලදී රැඳී සිටින්නේ, එංගලන්තයේ ලන්ඩන් අගනුවර තුලයි. ලොව ප්‍රකට රූ රැජිණ තේරීමේ තරඟ 5 න් එකක් ලෙසද ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟය නම් දරයි.

ඉතිහාසය

1951 වසරේදී Eric Morley විසින් ප්‍රථමයෙන්ම මෙම තරඟය හඳුන්වා දෙනු ලැබුවේ, නාන ඇඳුම් තරඟයක් ලෙසයි (Bikini Contest). නමුත් මාධ්‍යයන් හී එය ප්‍රචාරය වූවේ "Miss World" යන නාමයෙනුයි. මෙම තරඟය එක් වාරයකට පමණක් සීමා කොට නවත්වා දැමීමට එරික් මුලදී සැලසුම් කොට සිටියත්, ඊළඟ වසරේ, එනම් 1952 වසරේ සිට වාර්ෂිකව විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ නමින් තරඟයක් ආරම්භ වීමට යන බව දැනගත් පසු, එම අදහස අත්හැරදමා මෙම තරඟයද වාර්ෂිකව ඉදිරියට පවත්වා ගෙන යාමට ඔහු තීරණය කරන ලදී.

1951 වසරේ පළමු තරඟය තුල පමණක් ජයග්‍රාහිකාව නාන ඇඳුමක් සහිතව කිරුළ පැළඳි අතර, ඉන්පසු එළඹි සෑම තරඟයකදීම ජයග්‍රාහිකාව දිගු ඇඳුමකින් සැරසී, කිරුළ පළඳින ලදී.

ලෝක රූ රැජිණ සංවිධානය

ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟය සංවිධානය සහ ඉදිරියට පවත්වාගෙන යනු ලබන්නේ, ලෝක රූ රැජිණ සංවිධානය (Miss World Organisation) විසිනි.

මෑත කාලීන ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන්

ගැලරිය

එක් එක් රටවල ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන් සංඛ්‍යාව

හොඳම තරඟකාරී රටවල් 20

එක් එක් කලාප වල ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන් සංඛ්‍යාව

එක් එක් කලාප අනූව මෑත කාලීන රූමතියන්

එක් එක් රටවල කලාප අනූව රූමතියන් සංඛ්‍යාව

විශේෂ කරුණු

කිරුළ හිමි කාලය
 දිගම කිරුළ හිමි කාලය:
 1951 = Kerstin Håkansson -වසර 1 යි, මාස 3 යි, දවස් 16 යි.

 කෙටිම කිරුළ හිමි කාලය:
 2011 = Ivian Sarcos -මාස 9 යි, දවස් 12 යි.

 තනතුරින් පහ කල අයෙකුගේ කෙටිම කිරුළ හිමි කාලය:
 1974  Helen Morgan -දවස් 4 යි.

 තනතුරින් ඉල්ලා අස්වූ අයෙකුගේ කෙටිම කිරුළ හිමි කාලය:
 1980 = Gabriella Brum -පැය 18 යි.

කාල පරතරය
 එකම රටක් විසින් කිරුළ හිමි කර ගත් විශාලම කාල පරතරය:
 1967 - Madeline Hartog-Bel ←  → 2004 - María Julia Mantilla. (වසර 37, දවස් 18 යි.)

 එකම රටක් විසින් කිරුළ හිමි කර ගත් කෙටිම කාල පරතරය:
 1999 - Yukta Mookhey ←  → 2000 - ප්‍රියංකා චොප්රා. (දවස් 362 යි.)

වයස
 වැඩිම වයස:
 1989 = Aneta Kręglicka. (වයස අවුරුදු 24 යි)
 1997 =  ඩයනා හේඩන්. (වයස අවුරුදු 24 යි)

 ලාබාලම වයස:
 1975 = Wilnelia Merced. (වයස අවුරුදු 18 යි)
 1993 = Lisa Hanna. (වයස අවුරුදු 18 යි)
 1954 = Antigone Costanda. (වයස අවුරුදු 18 යි)
 1969 = Eva Rueber-Staier. (වයස අවුරුදු 18 යි)

සහභාගීත්වයන්
 අවම සහභාගීත්වය:
 1952 දී අවම සහභාගීත්වය වාර්ථා වූ අතර සහභාගී වූ සංඛ්‍යාව 11 කි.
 වැඩිම සහභාගීත්වය:
 2013 දී වැඩිම සහභාගීත්වය වාර්ථා වූ අතර සහභාගී වූ සංඛ්‍යාව 127 කි.

අනෙකුත්
 ලෝක රූ රැජිණියන් අට දෙනෙකු පෙර පැවති විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ තරඟ වල අවසන් ස්ථාන වලට පැමිණ තිබේ:
 1955:  Susana Duijm, අවසන් වටයට.
 1958:  Penelope Anne Coelen, අවසන් වටයට.
 1961:  Rosemarie Frankland, දෙවන ස්ථානය.
 1966:  Madeleine Hartog Bell, අවසන් වටයට.
 1969:  Eva Rueber-Staier, අවසන් වටයට.
 1974:  Helen Morgan, දෙවන ස්ථානය. (1974 ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තනතුරින් නෙරපන ලදී.)
 1979:  බර්මියුඩා Gina Swainson, දෙවන ස්ථානය.
 2001:  Agbani Darego, අවසන් වටයට.

 ලෝක රූ රැජිණියන් දෙදෙනකු පෙර පැවති ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ තරඟ වල අවසන් ස්ථාන වලට පැමිණ තිබේ:
  Catharina Johanna Lodders, හතරවන ස්ථානය (1962 ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ තරඟය)
  Aneta Kręglicka, දෙවන ස්ථානය (1989 ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ තරඟය)

 විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ සහ ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟ වලට සහභාගී වී පසුව ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ බවට පත්වූ තරඟකාරියන්.
 1976:  = Sophie Perin - විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ සහ ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟකාරිය.
 1995:  = Anne Lena Hansen - ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟකාරිය.
 2002:  = Christina Sawaya - ලෝක රූ රැජිණ තරඟකාරිය.

තම මව් රට තුලදීම කිරුළ හිමිකරගත්
 1961: = Rosemarie Frankland
 1964: = Ann Sidney
 1965: = Lesley Langley
 1974: = Helen Morgan (තනතුරින් ඉවත් කරන ලදී.)
 1983: = Sarah-Jane Hutt
 2007: = Zhang Zilin
 2012: = Yu Wenxia

මේවාද බලන්න
ලෝක රූ රැජිණ ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන්
මිහිකත රූ රැජිණ
මිහිකත රූ රැජිණ ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන්
විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ
විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන්
ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ
ජාත්‍යන්තර රූ රැජිණ ජයග්‍රාහිකාවන්
ශ්‍රී ලංකා විශ්ව රූ රැජිණ

මූලාශ්‍ර

භාහිර සබැදි

 මිස් වර්ල්ඩ් නිල වෙබ් අඩවිය

රූප සෞන්දර්යය හෝ කඩවසම් බව හෝ තේරීමේ ජාත්‍යන්තර තරඟ

ලෝක රූ රැජිණ


Međunarodna radnička unija socijalističkih stranaka (nje. Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sozialistischer Parteien, IASP), internacionala za suradnju socijalističkih stranaka. Također su ju nazivali Druga i pol internacionala i Bečka internacionala.

Povijest
Osnovala ju je skupina od deset stranaka na konferenciji u Beču 27. veljače 1921. godine.  Osnivači su bili Neovisna socijaldemokratska stranka Njemačke (USPD), Francuska sekcija Radničke internacionale (SFIO), Neovisna stranka rada (ILP), Socijaldemokratska stranka Švicarske (SPS), Socijaldemokratska stranka Austrije (SPÖ) i Savez rumunjskih socijalističkih stranaka (FPSR, stvorile su ju otpale frakcije Socijalističke stranke Rumunjske). Travnja 1921. godine pridružila im se Španjolska socijalistička radnička stranka. Maksimalistička fakcija Talijanske socijalističke stranke (PSI) također se pridružila.
Prestala je postojati 1923. godine.

Članovi
Tajnik IASP-a bio je austrijski političar Friedrich Adler iz SPÖ-a. Ostali prominentni članovi bili su Otto Bauer i Julius Martov. Skupina je bila pod teškim utjecajem austromarksizma. Objavljivala je glasilo Nachrichten der Internationalen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sozialistischer Parteien ("Novosti Međunarodne radničke unije socijalističkih stranaka"). Radnici Ziona (socijalistički cionistički) vođe David Grün i Schlomo Kaplansky bili su aktivni u pokretu iza Druge i pol internacionale.

Vidi
Demokratski socijalizam

Izvori

Daljnja literatura
Marxists.de V. I. Lenjin: Socialism and War, Ch. 3: The restoration of the International
Marx.org Trotskyism versus Centrism in Britain (neaktivna poveznica) (eng.)

Vanjske poveznice
Archive of the International Working Union of Socialist Parties (eng.)
A Communist view on the Conference of the Three Internationals (eng.)
The Second and Third Internationals and the Vienna Union The proceedings of the Berlin conference (eng.)

Socijalizam
Međunarodne organizacije

Međunarodna radnička zajednica socijalističkih stranaka


La couronne florale ukrainienne (en , vinók) est un type de couronne qui, dans la culture ukrainienne traditionnelle, est portée par les filles et les jeunes femmes célibataires. La couronne pourrait faire partie d'une tradition remontant aux anciennes coutumes slaves orientales antérieures à la christianisation de la Rus. La couronne florale est un élément de la tenue nationale ukrainienne et est portée lors d'occasions festives et, depuis la révolution ukrainienne de 2014, de plus en plus dans la vie quotidienne.

Historique
Le jour d'Ivan Kupala, les jeunes femmes plaçaient leurs couronnes dans l'eau avec une bougie allumée, prédisant leur avenir romantique par la façon dont la couronne flottait le long de la rivière ou du lac. De la direction que prenait la couronne, la jeune fille pouvait dire qui elle épouserait : si la couronne restait à un endroit et ne suivait pas le fil de l'eau, elle ne se marierait pas ; si elle coulait, elle mourrait ; si la bougie s'éteignait, elle annonçait un malheur. Les jeunes hommes plongeaient dans l'eau, essayant de récupérer le vinok de la fille qu'ils aimaient. L'une des chansons rituelles de Kupala dit : « Qui attrapera la couronne attrapera la fille, qui obtiendra la couronne deviendra mienne ». La tradition remonterait à l'époque pré-chrétienne où l'on pensait que la coiffe protégerait les filles des mauvais esprits. La valeur cérémoniale et religieuse a diminué et a ensuite été remplacée en tant que caractère national de la jeunesse : « perdre une couronne » dans les chansons et les traditions folkloriques signifie pour une jeune fille devenir une femme.

Apparence et construction
Comme la plupart des vêtements folkloriques ukrainiens, le vinok a une valeur symbolique importante et seules certaines fleurs sont traditionnellement employées. Il était traditionnellement porté par les filles à marier. Le nom de la couronne, vinok, est lié au mot ukrainien désignant une cérémonie de mariage vintchannya.

Les fleurs utilisées pour fabriquer la couronne sont généralement fraîches, en papier ou en cire et attachées sur une bande de papier rigide recouverte d'un ruban.

Les régions d'Ukraine ont leurs propres déclinaisons de la couronne florale ; les jeunes femmes de tout le pays portaient diverses coiffes de fil, de ruban, de pièces de monnaie, de plumes et d'herbes, mais elles avaient toutes la même signification symbolique. Dans certaines parties du centre et de l'est de l'Ukraine, les fleurs étaient élevées au centre du front. Habituellement, des rubans brodés multicolores sont attachés à l'arrière.

Lors de la cérémonie de mariage ukrainienne, le vinok est remplacé par l'otchipok, la coiffe traditionnelle des femmes mariées.

La couronne est maintenant portée par les danseurs folkloriques ukrainiens.

Néopaganisme
Les adeptes du mouvement moderne du néopaganisme slave attachent une signification mystique à la couronne, tissant leurs couronnes de feuilles de chêne et de fleurs des champs pour leur célébration rituelle du solstice d'été.

Exemples

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Vêtements folkloriques
 Skliarenko, Elyna Olehovna sur la célébration de "Ivana Kupala" basée sur deux œuvres distinctes de R. Kobalchynska et de L. Fenix (in Ukrainian)
 Couronne «Vinok» - coiffe ukrainienne ou couronne de fleurs
 Les femmes ukrainiennes ramènent des couronnes florales traditionnelles pour montrer leur fierté nationale

Couvre-chef
Culture ukrainienne

Couronne florale ukrainienne