Zagreb – capital da Croácia
NK Zagreb – clube de futebol croata
KK Zagreb – clube de basquete croata
RK Zagreb – clube de handebol croata
Zagreb (contratorpedeiro) – navio do Reino da Jugoslávia

Desambiguação

Zagreb (desambiguação)


Otto Gülstorff (* 5. Februar 1878 in Tilsit, Ostpreußen; † 3. Juli 1959 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Filmarchitekt.

Leben
Der Sohn eines ostpreußischen Möbelfabrikanten besuchte das Tilsiter Realgymnasium und ließ sich nach dem Schulabschluss zum Architekten ausbilden. In diesem Beruf arbeitete er auch anfänglich. 1923 kam Gülstorff zum Film, drei Jahre darauf ließ man ihn erstmals als Chefszenenbildner arbeiten. Während des Stummfilms gestaltete er vor allem die Kulissen der Inszenierungen Bruno Rahns, Martin Bergers und Wilhelm Dieterles.

Beim Tonfilm arbeitete Gülstorff erst ab 1932 regelmäßig. Einige Jahre lang entwarf er vor allem die Bauten für die Produktionen Robert Neppachs. Bis Ende der 1930er Jahre musste sich Gülstorff mit der Gestaltung zweitrangiger Filme begnügen, danach arbeitete er kaum noch für die Branche. Seine interessantesten Dekors realisierte er 1942 als Partner Emil Haslers für den UFA-Jubiläumsfilm Münchhausen, wo er am prächtigen Design der orientalischen, venezianischen und der Mond-Welten beteiligt gewesen war.

Nach einer vereinzelten Arbeit für die DEFA, seinem einzigen Nachkriegsfilm, zog sich Gülstorff 1948 70-jährig ins Privatleben zurück.

Filmografie

Literatur
 Kay Weniger: Das große Personenlexikon des Films. Die Schauspieler, Regisseure, Kameraleute, Produzenten, Komponisten, Drehbuchautoren, Filmarchitekten, Ausstatter, Kostümbildner, Cutter, Tontechniker, Maskenbildner und Special Effects Designer des 20. Jahrhunderts. Band 3: F – H. Barry Fitzgerald – Ernst Hofbauer. Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89602-340-3, S. 442.

Weblinks

Szenenbildner
Person (Stummfilm)
Deutscher
Geboren 1878
Gestorben 1959
Mann

Otto Gülstorff


Yerleşim yerleri
 Bayat, Afyonkarahisar - Afyonkarahisar ili ilçesi
 Bayat, Çorum - Çorum ili ilçesi
 Bayat, Amasya - Amasya ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Merzifon - Amasya ili Merzifon ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Ayaş - Ankara ili Ayaş ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Korkuteli - Antalya ili Korkuteli ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Altıeylül - Balıkesir ili Altıeylül ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Gölpazarı - Bilecik ili Gölpazarı ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Kargı - Çorum ili Kargı ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Çorum - Çorum ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Çivril - Denizli ili Çivril ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Çermik - Diyarbakır ili Çermik ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Atabey - Isparta ili Atabey ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Tosya - Kastamonu ili Tosya ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Beyşehir - Konya ili Beyşehir ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Meram - Konya ili Meram ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Aslanapa - Kütahya ili Aslanapa ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Kütahya - Kütahya ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Gördes - Manisa ili Gördes ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Soma - Manisa ili Soma ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Bor - Niğde ili Bor ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Geyve - Sakarya ili Geyve ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Bayat, Durağan - Sinop ili Durağan ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Sivas - Sivas ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Yıldızeli - Sivas ili Yıldızeli ilçesine bağlı köy
 Bayat, Ereğli - Zonguldak ili Karadeniz Ereğli ilçesine bağlı köy

Diğer
 Bayat (eski) - varlıklı, devletli
 Bayat boyu - Oğuzlar'ın 24 boyundan biri

Bayat


قائمة بالأبطال في بطولة 1985 أمريكا المفتوحة:

الكبار

فردي رجال

 إيفان ليندل هزم  جون ماكإنرو, 7-6, 6-3, 6-4

فردي سيدات

 هانا ماندليكوفا هزم  مارتينا نافراتيلوفا, 4-6, 6-4, 6-4

مراجع

الرياضة في مدينة نيويورك في 1985
أحداث أغسطس 1985 الرياضية في الولايات المتحدة
أحداث سبتمبر 1985 الرياضية في الولايات المتحدة
أمريكا المفتوحة حسب السنة (كرة مضرب)
كرة المضرب في 1985
كرة مضرب أمريكية في 1985

أمريكا المفتوحة 1985 (كرة مضرب)


Álvaro Raposo de França es un escultor portugués, nacido el año 1940 en Ponta Delgada, donde reside.

Vida y obras

Hizo el Curso Complementario o especialidad de Escultura en la Escuela Superior de Bellas Artes de Oporto (ESBAP), que concluyó en 1965 . Participó en las grandes exposiciones (Exposições Magnas) de 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964 y 1965, así como en la IV Exposición Extra-escolar de los alumnos de la ESBAP.

Trabajó en el taller del maestro Barata Feyo de 1963 a 1965 .

Es autor de numerosas medallas y monumentos públicos, entre los que destacan la estatua de Cristóbal Colón en el lugar dos Anjos (lugar de los Ángeles), en la isla de Santa María ; del busto a Vitorino Nemésio en la ciudad de Playa de la Victoria, en la isla Terceira y del monumento a António de Oliveira en Vila de Nordeste en la isla de San Miguel de las Azores.

Pulsar sobre la imagen para ampliar.

Referencias y notas

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en Ponta Delgada
Escultores de Portugal del siglo XX
Escultores de Portugal del siglo XXI

Álvaro Raposo de França


Pavľany este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Levoča din regiunea Prešov. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 52 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Pavľany este atestată documentar din 1245.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Pavľany


Le .222 Remington Magnum était une cartouche dérivée du .222 Remington, produite commercialement durant une courte période. Développée à l'origine pour un prototype de fusil militaire américain ArmaLite AR-15 en 1958, la cartouche n'a pas été adoptée par l'armée, mais a été introduite commercialement pour les fusils de sport.

Développement

Le .222 Remington Magnum a été créé en allongeant le boîtier et en raccourcissant le col de la cartouche .222 Remington, très précise et très populaire, qui dominait la chasse au nuisibles et le tir de précision couché sportif dans les années 1950. Le volume de la cartouche est d'environ 20% supérieur à celui du .222 Remington, produisant des vitesses initiales modérément plus élevées. Le .222 Remington Magnum a servi de base à la cartouche sportive Magnum 5,6 × 50 mm développée en Allemagne.

Histoire
À la fin des années 1950, ArmaLite et d'autres concepteurs d'armes à feu américains ont commencé leurs expériences individuelles de fusil de petit calibre / haute vitesse (SCHV) en utilisant la cartouche commerciale .222 Remington. Lorsqu'il est devenu clair qu'il n'y avait pas assez de puissance dans ces cartouches pour répondre aux exigences de vitesse et de pénétration du Commandement de l'armée continentale des États-Unis (CONARC), ArmaLite a contacté Remington pour créer une cartouche similaire avec un corps de boîtier plus long et un col plus court. C'est devenu le .222 spécial. Au même moment, Earle Harvey de Springfield Armory demanda à Remington de créer un étui de cartouche encore plus long alors connu sous le nom de .224 Springfield. Springfield a été contraint d'abandonner la compétition CONARC, et ainsi le .224 Springfield a été lancé en 1958 en tant que cartouche sportive commerciale connue sous le nom de .222 Remington Magnum. Pour éviter toute confusion entre toutes les désignations de cartouches .222 concurrentes, le .222 Special a été renommé .223 Remington en 1959. Au printemps 1962, Remington a soumis les spécifications du .223 Remington au Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers Institute (SAAMI). Avec l'adoption par l'armée américaine du fusil d'assaut M16 en 1963, le .223 Remington sous une forme légèrement dérivée a été normalisé sous le nom de 5,56 × 45 mm OTAN. En tant que cartouche sportive commerciale, la .223 Remington a été introduite en 1964.

Obsolescence
La cartouche .223 Remington a un col plus court et l'épaule est légèrement reculée par rapport à la .222 Remington Magnum. La capacité du boîtier est d'environ 5% inférieure à celle du .222 Remington Magnum, mais il a été chargé à une pression légèrement supérieure, de sorte que les deux ont une balistique quasiment identique. Comme toute cartouche militaire largement utilisée est garantie d'avoir un succès sur le marché commercial, le .223 Remington s'est vendu exceptionnellement bien et le .222 Remington Magnum s'est démodé assez rapidement. En Europe, SAKO produit la cartouche et certains fabricants d'armes proposent le chambrage. Aux États-Unis, Remington a continué à proposer le .222 Remington Magnum dans quelques modèles de fusils pendant de nombreuses années, mais il n'y a actuellement aucun fabricant commercial aux États-Unis de fusils ou de munitions en .222 Remington Magnum autre que Cooper Firearms du Montana. Pour de nombreux tireurs de .222 Magnum, le rechargement manuel de cette cartouche fournit des munitions, en utilisant des composants autrement disponibles pour les autres cartouches à percussion centrale .222 plus populaires. Le boîtier de cartouche .222 Remington Magnum est devenu le boîtier parent d'un nouveau développement introduit en 2004, le .204 Ruger. Le .204 Ruger est basé sur le boîtier .222 Remington Magnum rétréci pour contenir une balle de calibre .20 (5 mm).

Articles connexes
 Liste des cartouches de fusil
 calibre 5mm

Références

Liens externes

 .222 Remington et .222 Rem Mag chez Chuck Hawks

Arme à feu
Cartouche pour pistolet et fusil
Fusil de chasse
Fusil de précision

.222 Remington Magnum


Herpa Wings is a brand that identifies the die-cast model aircraft line of German company Herpa. The collection includes 250 airlines under 17 different aircraft manufacturers in 1:200 scale. The mainstay of Herpa Wings is in the 1:500 scale, while model airliners are also produced in the 1:400, 1:200, 1:1000, and 1:160 scales. Herpa Wings model airliners may also be used in conjunction with Herpa's SCENIX series, which includes model diorama airports and airport accessories.

Herpa Wings has also produced model aircraft for many of the world's international airlines, which include Singapore Airlines, Cathay Pacific and others. These model aircraft are then sold exclusively by the airlines on board and are not included in the regular retail collection.

History

1949

The company Hergenröther Patente was founded in Nuremberg by inventor and patent holder Wilhelm Hergenrother to produce accessories for model trains. The initials of the company's name make up the word Herpa.

From 1949 to 1987, Herpa had been focusing exclusively on its Cars & Trucks range. However, the first plastic samples of Boeing 747-200s in the 1:00 scale were produced for Lufthansa at an initiation ceremony for a Boeing 737-300 at Nuremberg Airport. Lufthansa then orders the production of the Lufthansa Model-Edition in the 1:200 scale exclusively for the airline.

In 1988, Herpa launched the Lufthansa Model-Edition with a highly detailed replica of the Boeing 737-300. Plans for historical models like the Junkers Ju-52 were also in development. With the advent of computer technology, in 1989 a partner company in Asia developed a new concept that would be able to create the same detail and precision available to the smaller 1:500 airplane models.

In 1990, the model airplanes sported authentic miniaturizations of the engines and rolling landing gear from the various manufacturers. By 1992, Herpa Wings is established. The first 1:500 scale plane miniatures are presented to the public at the Nuremberg Toy Fair, and several airlines place orders for planes in their respective liveries.

A licensing contract with aircraft manufacturer Boeing was signed in 1995. In 1996, Herpa Wings offered propeller driven planes for the first time with the release of an ATR-72 model. Also, Herpa Wings produced for Condor the replica of their anniversary plane, the "Rizzi Bird", which is still one of the most difficult models in the Herpa Wings range. The first set of airport accessories was also produced.

In 1997, issue 1 of the magazine for collectors of airplane models, WingsWorld, is released in June. A new range of airplane replicas in the 1:200 scale are released. In 1999,  the Herpa Wings Club and the first models of airport buildings in the 1:500 scale are produced. Herpa also celebrates its 50th anniversary in 1999.

In 2005, Herpa Wings introduced the MAGIC Collection featuring model aircraft in the scale 1:600, aiming to directly contend with at the time direct competitor Schabak. In September, a 1:1000 scale Airbus A380 model was also released. In 2006, the 1:1000 scale series of models were officially launched. The SCENIX range of airport accessories and dioramas were also introduced.

Today, Herpa Wings has been surpassed in terms of quality by a few other, newer competitors, it also competes with Phoenix Models, NG Models, Geminijets, and, JC Wings (the latter of which also makes moulds for Geminijets)

Hogan Wings
Hogan started as a separate brand formed in Hong Kong, but were bought by Herpa as a cheap option. Hogan models are made in 1:200, 1:400, 1:500 and 1:1000 scale. All Hogan 1:200 Models are snap-fit but detailed down to the landing gear.

Herpa Wings Club
The Herpa Wings Club was established in 1999 in conjunction with Herpa's 50th anniversary. Currently, members receive WingsWorld, a magazine for collectors of Herpa Wings. A free annual model in the 1:500 scale is also given, with options to purchase 4 exclusive models from the Club Edition. Members to the Club also enjoy discounts at the Herpa museum shop in Dietenhofen, Germany. The annual Herpa Wings folders are given free to members as well.

External links
 Database of Herpa Wings model aircraft 1:400 Scale
 What is Herpa Miniaturmodelle?

Model aircraft
Toy brands

Herpa Wings


Die Liste der deutschen Botschafter in Togo enthält alle Botschafter der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in Togo. Sitz der Botschaft ist in Lomé.

Siehe auch
 Botschafter der DDR in Togo

Weblinks
 Deutsche Botschaft Lomé

Einzelnachweise

!
Togo
Deutschland

Liste der deutschen Botschafter in Togo


Sapium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is widespread across most of Latin America and the West Indies. Many Old World species were formerly included in the genus, but recent authors have redistributed all the Old World species into other genera.

Species are known commonly as milktrees.

Description
These are shrubs and trees. They produce latex. The leaves are alternately arranged and smooth-edged or toothed. They are monoecious, often with spikelike or raceme-shaped inflorescences that have several male flowers, plus a few female flowers near the base. The male flowers have 2 to 4 stamens. The female flowers have 2 to 4 styles which are sometimes coiled. The flowers lack petals. The fruit has 2 to 4 lobes and may split open or not.

Species

Toxicity
The milky sap of Sapium biloculare is poisonous if it comes into contact with the eyes, mucus membranes, stomach or bloodstream. It was used in arrow poison and to stupefy fish.

References

Hippomaneae
Euphorbiaceae genera
Taxa named by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin

Sapium


Soledad Ramos Maqueda (n. 1971) es una botánica y profesora española, desarrollando actividades académicas en la Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias de la Universidad de Extremadura.

Biografía
En febrero de 1994, obtuvo su licenciatura en Ciencias Biológicas por la Universidad de Extremadura, y en ese mismo mes el "Certificado de Aptitud Pedagógica" por esa Casa de Altos Estudios. En noviembre de 2001, la "Suficiencia Investigadora" por la Universidad Extremadura. Y el doctorado por esa Universidad en febrero de 2003, con la defensa de la tesis: Biología reproductiva de una masa de alcornoque (Quercus suber L.) en el sur de Badajoz (España).

Algunas publicaciones
 . 2008a. Ensayo de germinación en especies del género Ononis L. (Fabaceae) amenazadas en Extremadura (España). En: Folia Botanica Extremadurensis, 2: 5-9. Guadajira

 ------------, . 2008b. Anotaciones corológicas a la Flora en Extremadura: 020 Anchusa puechii, Valdés. En: Folia Botanica Extremadurensis, 2: 90. Guadajira

 ------------, . 2008c. Estructura reproductora de Erodium mouretii Pit. En: Folia Botanica Extremadurensis, 2: 96-97. Guadajira

 . 2008d. Estudio palinológico de la excavación arqueológica en el Baluarte de Santiago (Badajoz, Expaña): períodos visigodo e islámico (600-1100 d.C.) En: Folia Botanica Extremadurensis, 2: 43-56. Guadajira

 . 2008e. Anotaciones corológicas a la Flora en Extremadura: 021 Ophrys sphegodes Mill. En: Folia Botanica Extremadurensis, 2: 91-92. Guadajira

 . 2007a. Estudio de conservación: Antirrhinum graniticum subsp. onubensis (Fernández Casas) Valdés en la Provincia de Badajoz. En: III Congreso de Biología de la Conservación de Plantas. Programa y Libro de Resúmenes. Puerto de La Cruz (Tenerife)

 ----------------------, ------------, --------------, ---------------, ------------, -------------, ---------------, -----------. 2007b. Germinación de especies del género Digitalis incluidas en el Catálogo de Especies Amenazadas de Extremadura. En: III Congreso de Biología de la Conservación de Plantas. Programa y Libro de Resúmenes. Puerto de La Cruz (Tenerife)

 ----------------------, ------------, --------------, ---------------, ------------, -------------, ---------------, -----------. 2007c. Nuevas localizaciones de Pilularia minuta Durieu en la península ibérica. En: III Congreso de Biología de la Conservación de Plantas. Programa y Libro de Resúmenes. Puerto de La Cruz (Tenerife)

 . 2007d. Diversidad de Tomillos Extremeños. En: VIII Congreso de Estudios Extremeños. Libro de Actas. Badajoz

 . 2007e. Metodología para la caracterización de semillas. Mérida: Dirección General de Innovación y Competitividad Empresarial. 2007. Vol. Conservación de Flora Amenazada en Ambientes Mediterráneos: Manual del Curso de Transferencia de Tecnología 113-121

 . 2007f. Metodología para la caracterización de frutos. Mérida: Dirección General de Innovación y Competitividad Empresarial. 2007. Vol. Conservación de Flora Amenazada en Ambientes Mediterráneos: Manual del Curso de Transferencia de Tecnología 97-110

 ----------------------, ------------, --------------. 2007g. Metodologías para el estudio de la germinación. Mérida: Dirección General de Innovación y Competitividad Empresarial. 2007. Vol. Conservación de Flora Amenazada en Ambientes Mediterráneos: Manual del Curso de Transferencia de Tecnología 125-133

 ----------------------, ------------, --------------. 2007h. Caracterización y estudio morfológico de plántulas. Mérida: Dirección General de Innovación y Competitividad Empresarial. 2007. Vol. Conservación de Flora Amenazada en Ambientes Mediterráneos: Manual del Curso de Transferencia de Tecnología 137-148

 . 2006. Biosystematic study of the subsection Thymastra (Nyman ex Velen) R.Morales of the Thymus L. genus (Lamiaceae). En: Acta Botanica Gallica. 153(3): 355-364

 . 2005a. Biología reproductiva de una masa de alcornoque ( Quercus suber L.) en el sur de Badajoz.

 . 2005b. Especies protegidas de Extremadura: Flora.

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------. 2005c. A new Ophrys L. (Orchidaceae) species from Southern Extremadura (Spain). En: Journal Europäischer Orchideen. 37(4): 815-823

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------. 2005d. Anotaciones corológicas a la flora de Extremadura. Acta Botánica Malacitana. 30: 170-173

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------, . 2004a. La recolección de bellotas: aspectos de su procesado y caracterización. El edificio protohistórico de La Mata (Campanario, Badajoz) y su estudio territorial.

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------, . 2004b. Aproximación al catálogo de las especies del orden Boletales (Basidiomycetes, Fungi) en Extremadura (España). En: Revista de Estudios Extremeños 60 (3): 1255-1291

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------, . 2004c. Aproximación al Catálogo de las especies del orden Boletales (Basidiomycetes,
Fungi) en Extremadura (España) artículo en línea

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------, -------------, . 2003a. Contribución al conocimiento de la flora extremeña (España). Acta Botánica Malacitana. 28: 181-184 artículo en línea

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------. 2003b. Tesoros de la Flora: Los Hongos. Extremadura: la tierra que amanece.

 -----------------------------------, ----------------------, . 2003c. New Oak Hybrids from Spain. En: The Journal of the International Oak Society. 14: 49-60

 . 2003d. Consumo de bellotas por el cerdo ibérico durante la montanera. En: Sólo Cerdo Ibérico. 10: 65-71

 . 2003e. Estimación de la producción de bellotas de los encinares extremeños en la campaña 2003-2004. En: Sólo Cerdo Ibérico. 11: 55-71

 . 2002a. Quercus rotundifolia Lam. and Quercus ilex L., two different species. En: The Journal of the International Oak Society. 13: 9-15

 ----------------------------------, . 2002b. Aportaciones a la Flora de Extremadura (España). En: Acta Botánica Malacitana. 27: 259-261

 ----------------------------------, . 2002c. Estimación de la producción de bellotas de los encinares extremeños en la campaña 2002-2003. En: Sólo Cerdo Ibérico. 9: 95-101

 . 2002d. Anotaciones Anatómicas, Cariológicas y de Biología de la Reproducción para la Flora de Extremadura: Anomalías en las estructuras reproductoras del género Quercus L. Folia Botánica Extremadurensis, 1: 75-77

 . 2001a. Historia de la Vegetación y los bosques de la Baja Extremadura. [Aproximaciones a su conocimiento].

 ---------------------------------, . 2001b. Variaciones de calidad en la bellota. En: Solo Cerdo Ibérico. 6: 75-80

 ---------------------------------, . 2001c. Centáurea de Tentudía Centaurea tentudaica (Rivas Goday) Rivas Martínez, una especie que debe ser conservada. Centáurea. Boletín de Información Ambiental de Tentudía. 16: 2-3

 ---------------------------------, . 2001d. Nota corológica sobre la Flora de Extremadura (España). En: Acta Botánica Malacitana. 26: 205-208

 ---------------------------------, -----------------------, -----------, . 2001e. IOPB Chromosome Data 17. En: International Organization of Plant Biosystematists, 33: 26

 ---------------------------------, -----------------------, . 2001f. Hybridization Processes in Mediterranean Oaks from South Spain. En: The Journal of the International Oak Society. 12: 108-117

 ---------------------------------, -----------------------, . 2001g. Aforo de montaneras. Metodología. Hoja divulgativa ( 1/01)

 ---------------------------------, . 2001h. Anotaciones Corológicas a la Flora en Extremadura: 010 Ophrys incubacea var. dianensis Perazza & Doro. Folia Botánica Extremadurensis, 1: 72-73.

 ---------------------------------, . 2000a. Estimación de la producción de bellotas de los encinares de la provincia de Badajoz en la campaña 2000 - 2001. En: Solo Cerdo Ibérico. 5: 63-68

 ---------------------------------, . 2000b. Distribución del melazo en la provincia de Badajoz para la cosecha de bellotas de Quercus rotundifolia Lam. Durante 1999. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal. 26 (3): 287-296

 ---------------------------------, . 1999. Micorrización en las áreas mediterráneas de la península ibérica.

 ---------------------------------, -----------, ----------, . 1999b. Aproximación al conocimiento de los hongos que viven en Extremadura. 15 Temas de I+D del S.I.D.T. Agrario de Extremadura, 127-142

 ---------------------------------, . 1999c. Estimación de la producción de bellotas de los encinares de la provincia de Badajoz en 1999. En: Sólo Cerdo Ibérico. 3: 67-75

 ---------------------------------, ------------, . 1999d. Los hongos que pasan desapercibidos. En: Boletín de la Sociedad Micológica Extremeña. 10: 33-35

 ---------------------------------, . 1999e. Plantas de interés corológico para la mitad sur de Extremadura (España). En: Studia Botánica. 18: 141-143

 . 1999f. Situación de la investigación sobre micorrización en el S.I.D.T. Micorrización en las áreas mediterráneas de la península ibérica.

 . 1998. Pólenes alergénicos y polinosis en Badajoz. En: Revista Española de Alergología e Inmunología Clínica. 13 (42): 63-69

 . 1997. Floral Biometry, floral rewards and pollen-ovule ratios in some Vicia from Extremadura, Spain. En: Edinburgh Journal of Botany, vol. 54 (1): 39-5

Libros
 . 2001. Historia de la Vegetación y los Bosques de la Baja Extremadura: aproximaciones a su conocimiento. Editor	Junta de Extremadura. Consejería de Agricultura y Medio Ambiente. 118 pp. ISBN 84-8107-041-6

 --------------------------------------, . 1999. Micorrización en áreas mediterráneas de la península ibérica. Editores Consejería de Agricultura y Comercio, y Consejería de Educación y Juventud. 126 pp. ISBN 84-8107-033-5

Capítulos de libros
 Libro "La Sierra de San Pedro: Huellas y vivencias"

Honores
 1995 a 1998: responsable de la Estación aeropalinológica en Badajoz de la S.E.A.I.C. Facultad de Ciencias.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Botánicos de España del siglo XX
Botánicos de España del siglo XXI
Escritores en inglés
Palinólogos
Profesores de España
Escritores en español del siglo XX
Escritores en español del siglo XXI
Alumnado de la Universidad de Extremadura
Profesores de la Universidad de Extremadura

Soledad Ramos Maqueda


Friends ටෙලිවිෂන් කතා මාලාවෙහි අවසාන කොටස වන "The Last one" Season 10 හි 17 වන හා 18 වන කතාංග ලෙස ඉදිරිපත් වේ.මෙය  ලියනු ලබා ඇත්තේ කතා මාලා නිර්මාණකරුවන් වන             David Crane සහ Marta Kauffman විසිනි. නිෂ්පාදනය කරනු ලබා ඇත්තේ විධායක නිෂ්පාදක  Kevin S. Bright විසිනි. ප්‍රථම වතාවට මෙය විකාශනය කර ඇත්තේ ඇමරිකානු එක්සත් ජනපදයේ  NBC නාලිකාවේ 2004 මැයි 6 වන දිනය. එදින මිලියන 52.46 ක ප්‍රේක්ෂක ජනහණයක් එය නැරඹු අතර  ඇමරිකා එක්සත් ජනපද ඉතිහාසයේ වැඩිම ප්‍රේක්ෂකයන් පිරිසක් නැරඹූ රෑපවාහිනී අවසාන කතාංග කොටස් අතරින් හතරවන ස්ථානය  fourth most watched television series finale ලබාගෙන ඇති ලෙස සැලකේ.තවද 2000 දශකයේ වැඩිම ප්‍රේක්ෂකයන් පිරිසක් නැරඹූ කතාංග කොටස ලෙසද ඇමරිකානු ටෙලිවිෂන් ඉතිහාසයේ සටහන් වේ.කැනඩාවේදීද මෙය 2004 මැයි 6 වන දිනම Global නාලිකාව හරහා විකාශනය වී ප්‍රේක්ෂකයින් මිලියන 5.16ක පිරිසක් නරඹා ඇත.මෙය කතා මාලාවෙහි වැඩිම ප්‍රේක්ෂකයන් පිරිසක් නැරඹූ කොටස වන අතර කැනඩාවෙහි ඉහලම ජනප්‍රියතාවයක් ලැබූ sitcom කතාංග කොටස ලෙස ඉතිහාසගතවේ.

මෙම කතා මාලාව මෙයින් අවසානය දකී. Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) ඔහුගේ ප්‍රේමය  Rachel Green(Jennifer Aniston) වෙත ඉදිරිපත් කරමින් ඔවුන්ගේ සම්බන්ධතාවය තවදුරටත් පවත්වාගෙන යන අතර Monica Geller(Courteney Cox) සහ   Chandler Bing(Matthew Perry) නිවුන් දරුවන් සමග නගරාසන්නයේ ජීවත් වීමට තීරණය කරයි. මෙහි අවසන් දර්ශනය වනුයේ ඔවුන් අවසන් වතාවට ඔවුන්ගේ නිවාසයෙන් නික්මී Central Perk වෙත ගමන් කිරීමයි.

මෙම කොටස ලිවීමට පෙරාතුව  David Crane, Marta  Kauffman සහ Kevin Bright විවිධ sitcom හරහා අවසාන ජවනිකා නරඹා අදහස් ලබාගෙන ඇත. මෙය රූගත කරනු ලැබ  ඇත්තේ Warner Bros හිදීය. Burbank, California රූපාගාර වලදී පළමු කොටස රූපගත කොට ඇත්තේ ජනවාරි 16 වන දින අතර, දෙවැනි කොටස ජනවාරි 23 වන දිනදීය. විචාරකයන් සහ මෙහි කලාකරුවන් මෙයට ප්‍රශංසා කරනු ලැබුවේය.

ද ලාස්ට් වන් (ෆ්‍රෙන්ඩ්ස්)


O termo diedro (ou diédrico) em aeronáutica, é o ângulo entre as asas esquerda e direita (ou superfícies da cauda) de uma aeronave.

Características e finalidade
O termo "diédrico" também é usado para descrever o efeito da derrapagem na rotação da aeronave.

 "ângulo diedrico" ou "diedro positivo" é o ângulo ascendente da horizontal das asas ou cauda de uma aeronave de asa fixa.
 "ângulo anédrico" ou "diedro negativo" é o ângulo descendente da horizontal das asas ou cauda de uma aeronave de asa fixa.

O ângulo diedro tem uma forte influência no "efeito diédrico", que leva o seu nome. O efeito diédrico é a quantidade de momento de rotação produzida em proporção à quantidade de derrapagem. O efeito diédrico é um fator crítico na estabilidade de uma aeronave em relação ao eixo de rotação (o modo espiral). Também é pertinente à natureza da oscilação de rolamento holandês de uma aeronave e à capacidade de manobra em torno do eixo de rotação.

Conforme o ângulo das asas em relação à horizontal, as asas podem ser ditas: "diédricas", "anédricas" ou "poliédricas".

Ver também
 Dinâmica de voo
 Diedro (geometria)

Ligações externas
 How billow increases the net geometric anhedral of a swept wing, and other related topics
 Dihedral Effects in Aircraft Flight
 Que vantagens vêm com a asa do Boeing Bird of Prey?
 , vídeo

Aerodinâmica
Componentes do avião
Engenharia aeroespacial
Tipos de asa

Diedro (aeronáutica)


خُوسيه َمِريا سيلِس ، صحافي إسباني خَبير في العلاقات الدُولية. كان رئيس مكتب التعليم التقني والمهني بون، الرباط، نيويورك وبروكسيل. اشتغل بِراديو فرانس بِباريس، ولدى القناة الدولية الإسبانية بِألمانيا، حيث عاش آخر سنوات الحرب الباردة، و شاهد سقوط جدار برلين.                                      بِنفس الصفة، بُعِث كَمُراسل خلال حصار مدينة سارييفو حتى مُعاهدة دايطون. في 1994 تم اختياره مديرا ل[Canal Sur]، القناة العمومية الأندلوسية، وبعد هذه التجربة، التحق بمقر القناة الأولى الإسبانية TVE بالولايات المتحدة حيث تكلف بمديرية مراكز الإرسال بنيويورك وواشنطن.

فيما بعد، انتقل كمراسل إلى بروكسيل واهتم بالشؤون الأوروبية حيث أخبر بوصول عملة الأورو، واتساع الإتحاد الأوروبي، ودور ال OTAN في ترقية السلم تحت رعاية الأمم المتحدة.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 José María Siles, Profil
 Team Europe

أشخاص حسب المدينة في الأندلس
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من مقاطعة ألمرية
خريجو جامعة برشلونة المستقلة
صحفيون إسبان
مذيعو تلفاز إسبان
مراسلون حربيون إسبان
مراسلون حربيون سابقا
مراسلون عسكريون
مواليد 1951
مواليد 1961
مواليد في ألمرية

خوسيه ماريا سيلس


This is a list of streams and rivers of the U.S. state of New Jersey.

The list of New Jersey rivers includes streams formally designated as rivers, as well as smaller streams such as branches, creeks, drains, forks, licks, runs, etc. found throughout the state. Among the major rivers in New Jersey are the Manasquan, Maurice, Mullica, Passaic, Rahway, Raritan, Musconetcong, Hudson and Delaware rivers. Throughout history, the Delaware and Raritan rivers have played a crucial role in transporting goods and people from the Atlantic Ocean into the inland areas, and they were once connected by the Delaware and Raritan Canal.  Today, these rivers, along with the streams that feed them, provide sport and recreation for many people.

By drainage basin

Hudson River Basin

North River (Lower Hudson)
Hudson River
Sparkill Creek
Rondout Creek (NY)
Wallkill River
Pochuck Creek
Black Creek
Wawayanda Creek
Papakating Creek
Clove Brook
Neepaulakating Creek
West Branch Papakating Creek

Newark Bay
Kill Van Kull (tidal strait)
Hackensack River
Penhorn Creek
Sawmill Creek
Berrys Creek
Mill Creek
Cromakill Creek
Bellmans Creek
Losen Slofe
Overpeck Creek
Pascack Brook
Bear Brook
Musquapsink Brook
Dwars Kill

Passaic River
First River (a.k.a. Mill Brook tributary)
Second River
Toney's Brook
Nishuane Brook
Parrow Brook
Wigwam Brook
Third River
Yantacaw Brook
Saddle River
Ho-Ho-Kus Brook
Fleischer Brook
Little Diamond Brook
Diamond Brook
Stevenson Brook
Goffle Brook
Deep Voll Brook
Molly Ann Brook
Squaw Brook
Slippery Rock Brook
Peckman River
Deepavaal Brook
Pompton River
Ramapo River
Mahwah River
Pequannock River
Wanaque River
Rockaway River
Den Brook
Whippany River
Foulerton's Brook
Spring Garden Brook
Slough Brook
Canoe Brook
Salt Brook
Cory's Brook
Dead River
Black Brook
Great Brook
Primrose Brook
Loantaka Brook
Penns Brook
Indian Grove Brook
Naakpunkt Brook

Raritan River Basin

Raritan River
Bound Brook
Ambrose Brook
Green Brook
Blue Brook
Bonygutt Brook
Stony Brook
Crab Brook
Cedar Brook
Crows Mill Creek
Cuckholds Brook
Dukes Brook
Garron Creek
Lawrence Brook
Beaverdam Brook
Great Ditch
Ireland Brook
Oakeys Brook
Cow Yard Brook
Sawmill Brook
Sucker Brook
Terhune Run
Unnamed Brook in Rutgers Gardens, unofficially named Doc Brook
Unnamed Brook in Rutgers' Helyar Woods
Middle Brook
Mile Run
Mill Brook
Millstone River
Beden Brook
Cherry Run
Pike Run
Pine Tree Run
Back Brook
Branch Back Brook
Cruser Brook
Roaring Brook
Rock Brook
Cat Tail Brook
Bear Brook
Cranbury Brook
Cedar Brook
Devils Brook
Shallow Brook
Harrys Brook
Heathcote Brook
Carters Brook
Heathcote Brook Branch
Indian Run Brook
Little Bear Brook
Millstone Brook
Peace Brook
Rocky Brook
Timber Run
Royce Brook
Simonson Brook
Six Mile Run
Cross Brook
Middlebush Brook
Nine Mile Run
Steep Hill Brook
Stony Brook
Baldwins Creek
Duck Pond Run
Honey Branch
Lewis Brook
Peters Brook (Stony Brook tributary)
Stony Brook Branch
Woodsville Brook
Ten Mile Run
Van Horn Brook
North Branch Raritan River
Black River
Burnett Brook
Chambers Brook
Chamber's Brook
Clucas Brook
India Brook
Lamington River
Bamboo Brook
Cold Brook
Rockaway Creek
Tanners Brook
Larger Brook
McVickers Brook
Middle Brook (Bedminster)
Mine Brook
Moggy Brook
Peapack Brook
Penns Brook
Stewart Brook
Padilla Creek
Prescott Canal)
Prescott Brook
Prescott Creek
Red Root Creek
South Branch Raritan River
Allerton Creek
Assicong Creek
Beaver Brook
Bushkill Brook
Campbell's Brook
Capoolong Creek
Cramers Creek
Drakes Brook
Electric Brook
Holland Brook
Little Brook
Minneaconing Creek
Neshanic River
Pleasant Run
Spruce Run
Mulhockaway Creek
Stony Brook (Washington Township - Morris County)
Sidney Brook
Turkey Brook
South River
Deep Run
Duck Creek
Manalapan Brook
Matchaponix Brook
Barclay Brook
McGellairds Brook
Pine Brook
Weamaconk Creek
Pond Creek
Tennents Brook

Atlantic Coast
Arthur Kill (tidal strait)
Elizabeth River
Morses Creek
Piles Creek
Rahway River
Marshes Creek
South Branch
Robinsons Branch
Pumpkin Patch Brook
Smith Creek
Woodbridge River (Also known as Woodbridge Creek)
Wedgewood Brook
Heards Brook
Navesink River
Swimming River
Shrewsbury River
Shark River
Manasquan River
Yellow Brook
Metedeconk River
North Branch Metedeconk River
South Branch Metedeconk River
Toms River
Union Branch
Ridgeway Branch
Cedar Creek
Forked River
Oyster Creek
Westecunk Creek
Mullica River
Ballanger Creek
Big Graveling Creek (tidal channel)
Nacote Creek
Bass River
Wading River
Oswego River
Tulpehocken Creek
West Branch Wading River
Turtle Creek
Landing Creek
Batsto River
Nescochague Creek
Mechescatauxin Branch
Albertson Brook
Blue Anchor Brook
Pump Branch
Great Swamp Brook
Abescon Creek
Great Egg Harbor River
Patcong Creek
Tuckahoe River
Cedar Swamp Creek
English Creek
Stephen Creek
South River
Hospitality Branch
Kettle Creek

Delaware Bay

Dennis Creek
Roaring Ditch
Sluice Creek
East Creek
West Creek
Maurice River
Muskee Creek
Manumuskin River
Manantico Creek
Muddy Run
Scotland Run
Still Run
Little Ease Run
Dividing Creek
Fishing Creek
Fulling Mill Stream
Oranoaken Creek
Nantuxent Creek
Cedar Creek
Back Creek
Ogden Creek
Abbots Creek
Cohansey River
Stow Creek
Mad Horse Creek
Hope Creek
Alloway Creek
Salem River
Fenwick Creek
Mannington Creek
Game Creek

Delaware River Basin

Delaware River
Oldmans Creek
Raccoon Creek
Repaupo Creek
Mantua Creek
Woodbury Creek
Big Timber Creek
Cooper River
Pennsauken Creek
Rancocas Creek
North Branch Rancocas Creek
Greenwood Branch
Bisphams Mill Creek
Pole Bridge Branch
Mount Misery Brook
South Branch Rancocas Creek
Friendship Creek
Burrs Mill Brook
Southwest Branch Rancocas Creek
Sharps Run
Little Creek
Assiscunk Creek
Barkers Brook
Crafts Creek
Blacks Creek
Crosswicks Creek
Back Creek
Doctors Creek
Assunpink Creek
Shabakunk Creek
Shipetaukin Creek
Jacobs Creek
Fiddlers Creek
Moores Creek
Swan Creek
Alexauken Creek
Wickecheoke Creek
Lockatong Creek
Nishisakawick Creek
Harihokake Creek
Hakihokake Creek
Musconetcong River
 Lubbers Run
 Punkhorn Creek
Pohatcong Creek
Lopatcong Creek
Pequest River
Beaver Brook
Bear Creek
Paulins Kill
Flat Brook
Big Flat Brook
Little Flat Brook

Alphabetic list

Abbots Creek
Absecon Creek
Albertson Brook
Alexauken Creek
Alloway Creek
Ambrose Brook
Arthur Kill (tidal strait)
Assiscunk Creek
Assunpink Creek
Back Brook (New Jersey)
Back Creek
Back Creek
Baldwins Creek
Ballanger Creek
Barkers Brook
Bass River
Batsto River
Bear Brook (Millstone River tributary)
Bear Brook (Pascack Brook tributary)
Bear Creek
Beaver Brook
Beaverdam Brook
Beden Brook
Berrys Creek
Big Flat Brook
Big Graveling Creek (tidal channel)
Big Timber Creek
Birch Swamp Brook
Bisphams Mill Creek
Black Brook (Passaic River tributary)
Black Brook (Whippany River tributary)
Black Creek
Black River
Blacks Creek
Blue Brook
Bonygutt Brook
Bound Brook
Branch Back Brook
Burrs Mill Brook
Canoe Brook
Carters Brook
Cat Tail Brook
Cedar Brook
Cedar Creek (Barnegat Bay)
Cedar Creek (Delaware Bay)
Cedar Swamp Creek
Clove Brook
Cohansey River
Cooper River
Cory's Brook
Crab Brook
Crafts Creek
Cranbury Brook
Cross Brook
Crosswicks Creek
Cruser Brook
Cow Yard Brook
Dead River
Deep Voll Brook
Deepavaal Brook
Deep Run Brook
Delaware River
Dennis Creek
Devils Brook
Diamond Brook
Dividing Creek
Doctors Creek
Duck Pond Run
Dwars Kill
East Creek
Elizabeth River
English Creek
Fenwick Creek
Fiddlers Creek
First River or Mill Brook
Fishing Creek
Flat Brook
Fleischer Brook
Foulerton's Brook
Friendship Creek
Fulling Mill Stream
Game Creek
Goffle Brook
Great Brook
Great Ditch
Great Egg Harbor River
Great Swamp Brook
Green Brook
Greenwood Branch
Hackensack River
Hakihokake Creek
Harihokake Creek
Harrys Brook
Heards Brook
Heathcote Brook
Heathcote Brook Branch
Honey Branch
Ho-Ho-Kus Brook
Holland Brook
Hope Creek
Hospitality Branch
Hudson River
Indian Grove Brook
Ireland Brook
Jacobs Creek
Kill Van Kull (tidal strait)
Lamington River
Landing Creek
Lawrence Brook
Lewis Brook
Little Bear Brook
Little Diamond Brook
Little Egg Harbor River
Little Ease Run
Little Flat Brook
Lockatong Creek
Lopatcong Creek
Lubbers Run
Mad Horse Creek
Mahwah River
Manalapan Brook
Manantico Creek
Manasquan River
Mannington Creek
Mantua Creek
Manumuskin River
Marshes Creek
Matawan Creek
Matchaponix Brook
Maurice River
Metedeconk River
Middle Brook
Middlebush Brook
Mill Brook or First River
Mile Run
Millstone River
Molly Ann Brook
Moores Creek
Mount Misery Brook
Morses Creek
Muddy Run
Mullica River
Musconetcong River
Muskee Creek
Musquapsink Brook
Naakpunkt Brook
Nacote Creek
Nantuxent Creek
Navesink River
Neepaulakating Creek
Negro Run
Nescochague Creek
Neshanic River
Nine Mile Run
Nishayne Brook
Nishisakawick Creek
Nomahegan Brook
North Branch Metedeconk River
North Branch Rancocas Creek
North Branch Raritan River
North River
Oakeys Brook
Ogden Creek
Oldmans Creek
Oranoaken Creek
Oswego River
Overpeck Creek
Oyster Creek
Papakating Creek
Parrow Brook
Pascack Brook
Passaic River
Patcong Creek
Paulins Kill
Peckman River
Penns Brook
Pennsauken Creek
Pequannock River
Pequest River
Peters Brook (Stony Brook tributary)
Peters Brook (Raritan River tributary)
Pike Run
Pine Tree Run
Pochuck Creek
Pohatcong Creek
Pole Bridge Branch
Pompton River
Pump Branch
Punkhorn Creek
Raccoon Creek
Rahway River
Ramapo River
Randolph Brook
Rancocas Creek
Raritan River
Repaupo Creek
Ridgeway Branch
Roaring Brook
Roaring Ditch
Rock Brook
Rockaway Creek
Rockaway River
Rocky Brook
Royce Brook
Saddle River
Salem River
Sawmill Brook
Scotland Run
Second River
Shabakunk Creek
Shallow Brook
Shark River
Shipetaukin Creek
Shrewsbury River
Simonson Brook
Six Mile Run
Slippery Rock Brook
Slough Brook
Sluice Creek
Smith Creek
South Branch Metedeconk River
South Branch Rancocas Creek
South Branch Raritan River
South River (Great Egg Harbor River tributary)
South River (Raritan River tributary)
Southwest Branch Rancocas Creek
Sparkill Creek
Spring Garden Brook
Squaw Brook
Steep Hill Brook
Stephen Creek
Stevenson Brook
Still Run
Stony Brook (Green Brook tributary)
Stony Brook (Millstone River tributary)
Stony Brook Branch
Stow Creek
Sucker Brook
Swan Creek
Swimming River
Ten Mile Run
Terhune Run
Third River
Timber Run
Toms River
Toney's Brook
Tuckahoe River
Tulpehocken Creek
Turtle Creek
Union Branch
Wading River
Wallkill River
Wanaque River
Wawayanda Creek
West Branch Wading River
West Creek
Westecunk Creek
Whippany River
Wickecheoke Creek
Wigwam Brook
Woodbridge Creek
Woodbury Creek
Woodsville Brook
Yantacaw Brook
Yellow River

See also
List of waterways
List of rivers in the United States
List of canals in the United States

External links
AllRefer.com Reference Pages
American Whitewater: NJ Rivers
FlyFishingConnection.com
Gorp, a guide to National Parks
New Jersey Streamflow Data from the USGS
Gloucester County Watershed Basins

New Jersey

Rivers

List of rivers of New Jersey


فيروسات حمى الخنازير الأفريقية وما يتصل بها أو الفيروسات الأصفارية  هي عائلة من الفيروسات و التي تصيب بالدرجة الأولى الخنازير، مما أدى اٍلى ظهور حمى الخنزير الأفريقي، وكل فيروسات هذه العائلة مغلفة وبجينوم ثنائي سلسلة الدنا.

توجد عدة أنواع، البعض منها قادر على اٍصابة الاٍنسان. الفيروسات الأصفارية تشترك في الكثير من بنى الجينوم و اٍستراتيجيات التنسخ مع الفيروسات جدرية وفيروسات الطحالب حقيقية النواة لكن لديها فيريون يختلف عن الفيروسات جدرية والعديد من الخصائص الأخرى التي تميزها عن هذا الأخير.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية
 نطاق فيروسي الفيروسات الأصفارية

عائلات فيروسية
فيروسات دي أن إيه نووية سيتوبلازمية كبيرة

فيروسات حمى الخنازير الإفريقية وما يتصل بها


Lágrimas de David puede referirse a:
 el nombre común de la planta Lithospermum officinale; o
 el nombre común de la planta Polygonatum odoratum.

Lágrimas de David


අඃමදියා (; ; ) යනු ක්‍රි.ව. 19වන සියවසේදී බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය ඉන්දියාවේ ආරම්භවුනු ඉස්ලාමීය ආගමික ව්‍යාපාරයකි  It originated with the life and teachings of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (ක්‍රි.ව. 1835–1908)

මූලාශ්‍ර

අඃමදියා

අඃමදියා


The Smile je britanski rock-sastav koji čine Radioheadovi članovi Thom Yorke (pjevač. gitarist, basist i klavijaturist) i Jonny Greenwood (gitarist, basist, klavijaturist) te bubnjar Tom Skinner. Produkciju njegovih pjesama potpisuje Nigel Godrich, Radioheadov dugogodišnji producent. Skupina u pjesme uvrštava elemente post-punka, progresivnog rocka, afrobeata i elektroničke glazbe.

The Smile je nastao u vrijeme pandemije koronavirusa. Prvi je koncert, koji je prenosio glazbeni festival u Glastonburyju, nenajavljeno održao u svibnju 2021. Početkom 2022. objavio je šest singlova i prvi je put nastupio pred publikom na trima koncertima u Londonu, koji su također prikazivani u prijenosu uživo. U svibnju te godine objavio je debitantski album A Light for Attracting Attention, koji je dobio pozitivne kritike, i krenuo je na međunarodnu turneju. U prosincu 2022. objavio je EP s koncertnim snimkama.

Povijest
Jonny Greenwood izjavio je da je skupina nastala zato što je tijekom pandemije koronavirusa želio snimati pjesme s Thomom Yorkeom, svojim kolegom iz Radioheada. Za producenta su izabrali Nigela Godricha, Radioheadova dugogodišnjeg producenta. Godrich je izjavio da je projekt nastao nakon što je Greenwood "osmislio sve te rifove i čekao da se nešto dogodi". Dodao je da su osnutak projekta potaknule i pandemija i to što Radioheadov gitarist Ed O'Brien, koji se posvetio snimanju debitantskoga samostalnog albuma Earth, nije bio dostupan. Greenwood je komentirao: "Nismo imali mnogo vremena, a samo smo htjeli zajedno dovršiti neke pjesme. Često smo radili na mahove, ali veselilo nas je snimanje pjesama."

Projektu se potom priključio bubnjar Tom Skinner, koji je između ostalog svirao s džez-sastavom Sons of Kemet. Skinner i Greenwood prvi su put surađivali tijekom rada na Greenwoodovoj glazbi za film Master iz 2012. Članovi The Smilea dogovorili su se da u intervjuima neće govoriti o tom projektu.
Projekt je dobio ime po pjesmi Teda Hughesa. Yorke je izjavio: "[T]o nije osmijeh u klasičnom smislu, nego više osmijeh nekog tipa koji vam laže svaki dan." Prvi se koncert skupine održao u tajnosti sredinom svibnja 2021.; taj je nastup snimljen za potrebe koncertnog filma Live at Worthy Farm glazbenog festivala u Glastonburyju i bez prethodne najave premijerno je prikazan 22. svibnja 2021. Skupina je odsvirala osam pjesama, a Yorke i Greenwood svirali su gitaru, bas-gitaru, Moogov sintesajzer i Rhodesov glasovir.

Prvi javni nastupi
Yorke je odsvirao pjesmu "Free in the Knowledge" snimljenu za The Smile u londonskoj koncertnoj dvorani Royal Albert Hall u listopadu 2021. Dana 29. i 30. siječnja 2022. skupina je prvi put nastupila pred publikom na trima koncertima u londonskom Magazineu. Ti su koncerti prikazivani u prijenosu uživo, a skupina je na njima odsvirala i nekoliko novih pjesama, među kojima su "Speech Bubbles", "A Hairdryer", "Waving a White Flag" i "The Same". Na koncertima su izvedena i pjesma "Open the Floodgates", koju je Yorke prvi put odsvirao 2010., i obrada pjesme "It's Different for Girls" Joea Jacksona iz 1979.

U članku za New Musical Express James Balmont londonskom je nastupu dao četiri zvjezdice od njih pet, a za pjesme je izjavio da su "pedantne i očaravajuće". Kitty Empire dala mu je jednaku ocjenu u članku za Guardian i napisala je: "[T]he Smile je glazbeno najuvjerljiviji kad se najviše udalji od Radioheada[.]" Alexis Petridis dala mu je tri zvjezdice od pet i komentirala je: "[Pjesme su] više pobuđuju zanimanje nego što očaravaju, povremeno opčinjavaju i ispunjene su fascinantnim idejama koje nisu uvijek povezane."

A Light for Attracting Attention
Dana 20. travnja 2022. skupina je najavila debitantski album A Light for Attracting Attention. Diskografska kuća XL Recordings objavila ga je 13. svibnja na internetskim servisima, a 17. lipnja postao je dostupan i u prodavaonicama albuma. Dosegao je peto mjesto na britanskoj ljestvici albuma. Dobio je pozitivne kritike; Ryan Dombal u svojoj je recenziji za Pitchfork izjavio da je to "odmah i bez ikakve sumnje postao najbolji album koji je dosad snimio neki od Radioheadovih sporednih sastava".

Prvi singl "You Will Never Work in Television Again" objavljen je 5. siječnja 2022. na digitalnim platformama. Naknadno su objavljeni singlovi "The Smoke", "Skrting on the Surface", "Pana-vision", "Free in the Knowledge" i "Thin Thing". Skupina je 16. svibnja otišla na europsku i sjevernoameričku turneju. Na toj je turneji između ostalog odsvirala neobjavljenu pjesmu "Just Eyes and Mouth", Yorkeov singl "FeelingPulledApartByHorses" iz 2009. i nove skladbe. Na koncertima joj se pridružio saksofonist Robert Stillman.

Live at Montreux Jazz Festival, July 2022
Dana 14. prosinca sastav je objavio digitalni EP  The Smile (Live at Montreux Jazz Festival, July 2022), čije su pjesme snimljene na koncertu na džez-festivalu u Montreuxu. U recenziji za časopis Spin Jonathan Rowe napisao je da je grupa tim uratkom dokazala da "nije samo studijski projekt", nego i "stvaran, strukturiran koncertni sastav". Zach Schonfeld dao mu je osam bodova od njih deset u recenziji za Pitchfork i izjavio je: "The Smile od samog početka prati sasvim razumno pitanje: zar tu grupu ne čine samo dva prerušena člana Radioheada? Odgovor možete pronaći u naslovu tog uratka. Ta grupa svira džez." Izjavio je da je razočaralo to što na EP nisu uvrštene nove pjesme koje je sastav odsvirao na turneji, ali je izjavio da su njegovi članovi "nevjerojatno dobro glazbeno povezani".

Glazbeni stil
Alex Young, pišući za časopis Consequence, izjavio je da članovi sastava u pjesme uvrštavaju elemente post-punka, proto-punka i math rocka. Allison Hussey u svojem je osvrtu za Pitchfork komentirala da pjesme nalik na Radioheadove jer su "naklonjene starijem rocku", ali da se "Skinnerovo bubnjanje odlikuje većom ritmičnošću" i da "Greenwood svira dionice za bas s nikad viđenom agresivnošću". U članku za Guardian Alexis Petridis izjavila je da grupa "istovremeno zvuči kao koščatiji i zamršeniji Radiohead"; dodala je da je u pjesmama zamjetan utjecaj progresivnog rocka u neobično grupiranim taktovima, složenim rifovima i "ambicioznoj" motorik-psihodeliji. Kitty Empire istaknula je elemente afrobeata u pjesmi "Just Eyes and Mouth" te utjecaj sustavne i elektroničke glazbe iz šezdesetih godina 20. stoljeća u pjesmama "Open the Floodgates" i "The Same". U članku za Pitchfork Jayson Greene izjavio je da je "You Will Never Work in Television Again" "ogoljena rock-skladba" koja podsjeća na pjesme s Radioheadova albuma The Bends iz 1995.

Članovi sastava
 Jonny Greenwood – gitara, bas-gitara, klavijatura, glasovir, harfa
 Tom Skinner – bubnjevi, udaraljke, klavijatura, prateći vokal
 Thom Yorke – vokal, bas-gitara, klavijatura, glasovir

Dodatni koncertni članovi
 Robert Stillman — saksofon

Diskografija
Studijski albumi
 A Light for Attracting Attention (2022.)

Izvori

Britanski rock-sastavi

The Smile


est un film de super-héros américain inédit réalisé par Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah  dont la sortie était prévue pour 2022 sur le service HBO Max.

Prévu pour être la treizième production de l'univers cinématographique DC, il s'agissait d'un film centré sur le personnage de Barbara Gordon, alias Batgirl, créée par Gardner Fox et Carmine Infantino pour l'éditeur DC Comics.

En août 2022, malgré un budget investi de 90 millions de dollars, le tournage et un premier montage terminé, le film est entièrement annulé par Warner Bros. Discovery. Le film aura alors bénéficié uniquement de projections tests, demeurant inédit pour le reste du public.

Synopsis

À Gotham City, Barbara Gordon, fille du commissaire James Gordon, endosse l'identité de Batgirl pour affronter des criminels.

Fiche technique

 Titre original :
 Titre de travail :
 Réalisation : Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah
 Scénario : Christina Hodson, d'après les personnages de l'éditeur DC Comics
 Musique : Natalie Holt
 Direction artistique : Quinn Robinson
 Décors : Christopher Glass
 Costumes : Graham Churchyard
 Photographie : John Mathieson

 Production : Kristin Burr
 Production déléguée : Walter Hamada
 Sociétés de production : DC Films et Burr! Productions
 Société de distribution : Warner Bros. Pictures
 Budget : 70 à 90 millions de dollars
 Pays d'origine :
 Langue originale : anglais
 Format : couleur
 Genre : super-héros

Distribution
 Leslie Grace : Barbara Gordon / Batgirl
 J. K. Simmons : James Gordon
 Brendan Fraser : Garfield Lynns / Firefly
 Michael Keaton : Bruce Wayne / Batman
  : Alysia Yeoh
 Jacob Scipio : rôle inconnu
 Rebecca Front : rôle inconnu
 Corey Johnson : rôle inconnu

Production

Genèse et développement

En , deux mois avant la sortie de Suicide Squad, Warner Bros. annonce le développement de films centrés sur Harley Quinn et d'autres personnages féminins de l'univers DC, dont Barbara Gordon et l'équipe des Birds of Prey Margot Robbie, l'interprète d'Harley, devait à l'origine d'abord reprendre le rôle dans un film sur les Sirènes de Gotham avec Catwoman et Poison Ivy, néanmoins, durant ses recherches sur l'univers de l'éditeur, elle fit la découverte de l'équipe des Birds of Prey, moins connue du grand public. Robbie décide alors d'utiliser la notoriété de son personnage pour introduire ces personnages au cinéma. Le développement d'un film mettant en scène les Birds of Prey et Harley est alors mis en route. Par la suite, le personnage de Barbara Gordon est écarté du projet, bien qu'elle soit l'un des membres fondateurs de l'équipe dans les comics, le studio voulant d'abord l'introduire dans son propre film.

En , Warner Bros. engage Joss Whedon afin qu'il réalise, écrive et produise un film centré sur Barbara Gordon. La production devait être supervisée par le président du studio, Toby Emmerich, et Jon Berg et Geoff Johns de DC Films. La production du film était prévue pour 2018, néanmoins, Whedon quitte le projet en , n'arrivant pas à développer un scénario. Le studio et le nouveau président de DC Films, Walter Hamada, décident alors de chercher une réalisatrice pour remplacer Whedon. En avril de la même année, Christina Hodson, la scénariste de Birds of Prey, est annoncée à l'écriture du film. Il est dévoilé qu'elle commencera à écrire après avoir terminé son travail sur un autre film de l'univers cinématographique DC, The Flash.

En , il est évoqué que le film pourrait potentiellement sortir sur le service HBO Max plutôt qu'au cinéma, à la suite de la nouvelle stratégie de DC Films qui souhaite alterner sortie dans les salles de cinéma et sortie en streaming. En 2021, Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah sont engagés pour réaliser le film, confirmant au passage sa sortie sur HBO Max. Kristin Burr rejoint le projet en tant que productrice et dévoile que le film montrera une facette différente de Gotham City, comparée aux autres productions adaptées de DC Comics. Des photos du tournage confirment que des références visuelles au personnage de Black Canary, dont la version cinéma a été introduite en 2020 dans Birds of Prey, seront faites dans le film.

Attribution des rôles

En , plusieurs actrices sont testées pour le rôle de Barbara Gordon. Deadline Hollywood rapporte que Isabela Merced, Zoey Deutch, Leslie Grace et Haley Lu Richardson font partie des actrices testées et que Grace et Richardson seraient les meilleures prétendantes, bien que d'autres journalistes rapportent que Richardson aurait été écartée avant la phase de tests. Grace signe officiellement pour le rôle en fin de mois.

Quelques jours plus tard, J. K. Simmons entre en discussion pour reprendre le rôle de James Gordon, qu'il tenait déjà dans le film Justice League et dans sa version director's cut. Son retour est officiellement annoncé en  lors du DC FanDome. Le même mois, Jacob Scipio et Brendan Fraser rejoignent la distribution, avec Fraser annoncé dans le rôle de l'antagoniste Firefly. Le rôle avait été proposé à l'origine à Sylvester Stallone.

Les réalisateurs annoncent par la suite que Batman sera présent dans le film, sans préciser si Ben Affleck, l'interprète du personnage dans l'univers cinématographique DC, rejoignait le projet. En , il est dévoilé que c'est finalement la version du personnage interprétée par  Michael Keaton dans les films Batman et Batman : Le Défi de Tim Burton, qui sera présente dans le film avec Keaton reprenant son rôle. La présence de ce Batman d'un autre univers sera expliquée dans le film The Flash dans laquelle Keaton apparaît également.

Début 2022, Rebecca Front, Corey Johnson, Ethan Kai et Ivory Aquino sont annoncés. Aquino interprétera Alysia Yeoh, l'un des premiers personnages trans de DC Comics.

Tournage
Le tournage débute en  à Glasgow au Royaume-Uni sous le titre de travail  et avec John Mathieson en tant que directeur de la photographie. Avant le tournage, Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah se sont rendus sur place pour faire du repérage avec le décorateur Christopher Glass.

La ville de Glasgow a précédemment été utilisée en tant que Gotham City pour le tournage du film de l'univers cinématographique DC The Flash et également pour celui du film The Batman, qui se déroule dans son propre univers. Le tournage se termine officiellement en .

Musique
En , il est annoncé que Natalie Holt composera la musique du film.

Annulation
En , Warner Bros. Discovery confirme l'annulation du film, bien que le tournage soit terminé et qu'un premier montage ait été présenté lors de projections tests. Il est précisé que le studio ne prévoit ni une sortie au cinéma, ni sur le service HBO Max.

Le site internet The Wrap précise que le président du conglomérat, David Zaslav, désire uniquement produire des films DC Comics ayant le potentiel d'être de grands événements cinématographiques et considérait que Batgirl n'avait pas les critères requis. Le site précise également que le studio est malgré tout intéressé pour retravailler avec Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah sur un autre projet.

Collider rapporte que lors d'une projection test, des spectateurs ont considéré que le film était une déception et qu'il paraissait bon marché en comparaison avec d'autres films de super-héros. Ces avis auraient compté dans la décision de Warner Bros. Discovery. Néanmoins, The Hollywood Reporter et Deadline Hollywood rapportent que les projections ont eu des retours majoritairement positifs mais que le film est victime de la nouvelle direction du studio, de réduction des coûts, et du souhait de produire uniquement des blockbusters à destination des salles de cinéma pour les adaptations de DC Comics.

Batgirl aura couté entre 70 et 90 millions de dollars à Warner Bros. Discovery. Quelques mois avant l'annulation, en , le film était à l'étude pour une possible sortie au cinéma et aurait pu bénéficier d'un budget plus important pour sa postproduction et son marketing. Dans un article, The Guardian précise qu'il s'agit de l'un des projets annulés les plus chers de l'histoire du cinéma.

Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah ont été informés de l'annulation alors qu'ils étaient en déplacement au Maroc pour le mariage d'El Arbi. Le lendemain, ils ont publié un communiqué dans lequel ils font part de leur déception et de leur tristesse tout en remerciant l'équipe du film, précisant qu'ils étaient reconnaissants d'avoir pu contribuer à l'univers cinématographique DC.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film américain inachevé
Film d'action américain
Film réalisé par Adil El Arbi et Bilall Fallah
Film de Warner Bros
Film se déroulant dans une ville fictive aux États-Unis
Film tourné en 2021
Film tourné en 2022
Film tourné à Glasgow
Film en anglais américain
Batgirl
Film Batman

Batgirl (film)


La II Brigada Aérea (II BA) de la Fuerza Aérea Argentina se localiza en Paraná, provincia de Entre Ríos. Fue creada en 1949.

Su función principal es la exploración y reconocimiento.

Equipamiento

 Avión Learjet 35A (4: T-22, T-25, T-26, VR-24).
 Avión Learjet 60 (1: T-10).
 Avión UC-12 Huron (1: TC-117).
 Avión TC-12 Huron (2: TC-115, TC-119).
 Avión Cessna 182.

Historia

El 15 de marzo de 1949 la Fuerza Aérea creó la «II Brigada», compuesta por la Base Aérea Militar General Urquiza y el Grupo 1 de Observación.

La II Brigada pasó a constituir la «II Brigada Aérea», compuesta por la Base Aérea Militar General Urquiza, el Grupo 1 de Observación, el Grupo Base 2 y el Grupo Técnico 2.

El 22 de marzo de 1972 se constituyó el Grupo 1 de Bombardeo, compuesto por bombarderos Canberra BMK-62. Este grupo se convirtió en el Grupo 2 de Bombardeo en 1979 y este pasó a ser el Grupo Aéreo 2 en 1991.

La II Brigada Aérea aloja al Grupo 1 de Comunicaciones Escuela y al Grupo de Reconocimiento Aeroespacial.

Organización

Fuentes

Véase también

 I Brigada Aérea (Argentina)
 II Brigada Blindada

Referencias

Brigada 2
Guarnición Aérea Paraná
Unidades militares creadas en 1949
Unidades de la Fuerza Aérea Argentina en la guerra de las Malvinas

II Brigada Aérea (Argentina)


ශ්‍රියන්ත දිසානායක (ඉංග්‍රීසි: Sriyantha Dissanayake) යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රථම ඩන්කන් වයිට් කුසලාන හිමි මළල ක්‍රීඩකයායි.

ජීවන සටහන්

ශ්‍රියන්ත දිසානායක  නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලය, කොළඹහි ආදි සිසුවෙකි.

1990 චීනයේ බීජිං නුවර පැවති ආසියානු මළල ක්‍රීඩා තරඟයෙන් ඔහු රිදී හා ලෝකඩ පදක්කම් දිනාගත්තේය. තවද ඔහු 1992 දී ස්පාංඤ්ඤයේ බාසිලෝනාහි ගිම්හාන සෘතු ඔලිම්පික් තරඟයට ශ්‍රී ලංකාව නියෝජනය කලේය.

1980 වකවානුවෙහි ඔහු කොලඹ නාලන්ද  විද්‍යාලයේ කනිෂ්ඨ හා ජේෂ්ට මළල ක්‍රීඩා පිලේ සාමාජිකයෙක්ද විය.

ආශ්‍රිත

කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසු ක්‍රීඩකයින්

ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩකයෝ
චරිත කතා
ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයෝ
ශ්‍රී ලාංකික බෞද්ධයෝ
ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ
ආදි නාලන්දියයෝ
1969 උපත්

ශ්‍රියන්ත දිසානායක


Le shikanjvi est une boisson à base de citron originaire de l'Inde du Nord. Les noms alternatifs incluent shikanji, shikanjbi et shikanjbeen. Le shikanjvi se distingue de la limonade et contient souvent d'autres ingrédients tels que du sel, du safran et du cumin.

Préparation
Un exemple de recette pour préparer un verre de shikanjvi :

Ingrédients : deux citrons (pressés pour obtenir du jus de citron), un petit morceau de gingembre, une ou deux cuillères à café de sucre (brut si possible), une demi-cuillère à café de sel et une demi-cuillère à café de poivre.
Procédé : Versez de l'eau froide dans un verre. Ajoutez le jus de citron, le gingembre, le sucre, le sel et le poivre. Secouez-le vigoureusement. Il s'agit d'une recette traditionnelle ; cependant, vous pouvez expérimenter en utilisant des feuilles de menthe, de l'eau de rose, etc.

Articles connexes
 Banta
 Jal-jeera

Références

Boisson indienne
Boisson au citron
Boisson froide

Shikanjvi


Erna Dem, pseudonyme d'Erna Davidoff, née  à Kiev en 1889 et disparue en 1942 ou 1943 à Auschwitz est une céramiste, sculptrice et peintre française.

Biographie

Née dans une famille juive à Kiev, Erna Davidoff étudie à l'académie de Munich puis à Saint Pétersbourg en 1914 et 1915. Elle poursuit ses études à Paris où elle a émigré en 1920. Elle épouse Marc Wolfson et prend le pseudonyme de Dem, un acronyme de « Davidoff », « Erna » et « Marc », le prénom de son mari. Tous deux sont arrêtés en 1942 puis déportés à Auschwitz où ils disparaissent sans laisser de descendance.

Œuvre
Erna Dem produit des sculptures en terre cuite. Elle a collabore notamment avec la manufacture de Sèvres et participe à plusieurs expositions du Salon d'automne et du Salon des Tuileries. Elle peint aussi quelques tableaux. Des œuvres des collections du musée Boncompagni Ludovisi des Arts Décoratifs à Rome proviennent d'un don effectué en 1974 par Georges Davidoff, le frère d'Erna Dem. Un certain nombre de ses œuvres sont conservées à Paris au musée d'Art et d'Histoire du judaïsme.

Une collection spoliée

Une parente échappé de la déportation et résidant désormais aux États-Unis a été contactée par Doreen Carvajal, une journaliste américaine qui l'a retrouvée dans le cadre d'une enquête sur des tableaux de Gustave Courbet spoliés par les nazis en 1942 au moment de l'arrestation du couple. La descendante a témoigné que La Falaise d'Étretat après l'orage, tableau conservé à Paris au musée d'Orsay, inventorié sous le sigle MNR, faisait partie de la collection d'Erna Dem et a déposé une réclamation.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie
 Adrian Darmon, Autour de l'art juif : encyclopédie des peintres, photographes et sculpteurs, Éditions Carnot, 2003 .
 Nadine Nieszawer, Deborah Princ, Arthur Princ, Histoires des artistes juifs de l'École de Paris 1905-1939, bilingue français-anglais, Les Étoiles éditions, 2020, format Kindle,  .

Liens externes

 « Erna Dem » sur ecoledeparis.org.

Sculpteur français du XXe siècle
Sculptrice française
Céramiste français
Peintre français du XXe siècle
Peintre française
Naissance en février 1889
Naissance à Kiev
Décès en 1943
Décès à Auschwitz
Victime de la Shoah en France
Victime française de la Shoah
Article dont une information diffère dans l'infobox

Erna Dem


The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world. Founded in 1884, AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes The American Historical Review four times annually, which features scholarly history-related articles and book reviews.

AHA is the major organization for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is the major organization for historians who study and teach about the United States. The group received a congressional charter in 1889, establishing it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."

Activities
AHA operates as an umbrella organization for the discipline of history, and works with other major historical organizations and acts as a public advocate for the field.  Within the profession, the association defines ethical behavior and best practices, particularly through its "Statement on Standards of Professional Conduct". AHA also develops standards for good practice in teaching and history textbooks, but these have limited influence. The association generally works to influence history policy through the National Coalition for History.

The association publishes The American Historical Review, a major journal of history scholarship covering all historical topics since ancient history  and Perspectives on History, the monthly news magazine of the profession. In 2006 the AHA started a blog focused on the latest happenings in the broad discipline of history and the professional practice of the craft that draws on the staff, research, and activities of the AHA.

The association's annual meeting each January brings together more than 5,000 historians from around the United States to discuss the latest research and discuss how to be better historians and teachers. Many affiliated historical societies hold their annual meetings simultaneously. The association's web site offers extensive information on the current state of the profession, tips on history careers, and an extensive archive of historical materials (including the G.I. Roundtable series), a series of pamphlets prepared for the War Department in World War II.

The association also administers two major fellowships, 24 book prizes, and a number of small research grants.

History

The early leaders of the association were mostly gentlemen with the leisure and means to write many of the great 19th-century works of history, such as George Bancroft, Justin Winsor, and James Ford Rhodes. However, as former AHA president  James J. Sheehan points out, the association always tried to serve multiple constituencies, "including archivists, members of state and local historical societies, teachers, and amateur historians, who looked to it – and not always with success or satisfaction – for representation and support."  Much of the early work of the association focused on establishing a common sense of purpose and gathering the materials of research through its Historical Manuscripts and Public Archives Commissions.

Publication standards
From its founding, the association was largely managed by historians employed at colleges and universities, and served a critical role in defining their interests as a profession.  The association's first president, Andrew Dickson White, was president of Cornell University, and its first secretary, Herbert Baxter Adams, established one of the first history Ph.D. programs to follow the new German seminary method at Johns Hopkins University. The clearest expression of this academic impulse in history came in the development of the American Historical Review in 1895. Formed by historians at a number of the most important universities in the United States, it followed the model of European history journals. Under the early editorship of J. Franklin Jameson, the Review published several long scholarly articles every issue, only after they had been vetted by scholars and approved by the editor. Each issue also reviewed a number of history books for their conformity to the new professional norms and scholarly standards that were taught at leading graduate schools to Ph.D. candidates. From the AHR, Sheehan concludes, "a junior scholar learned what it meant to be a historian of a certain sort".

AHA and public history
Meringolo (2004) compares academic and public history. Unlike academic history, public history is typically a collaborative effort, does not necessarily rely on primary research, is more democratic in participation, and does not aspire to absolute "scientific" objectivity. Historical museums, documentary editing, heritage movements and historical preservation are considered public history. Though activities now associated with public history originated in the AHA, these activities separated out in the 1930s due to differences in methodology, focus, and purpose. The foundations of public history were laid on the middle ground between academic history and the public audience by National Park Service administrators during the 1920s–30s.

The academicians insisted on a perspective that looked beyond particular localities to a larger national and international perspective, and that in practice it should be done along modern and scientific lines. To that end, the association actively promoted excellence in the area of research, the association published a series of annual reports through the Smithsonian Institution and adopted the American Historical Review in 1898 to provide early outlets for this new brand of professional scholarship.

Establishing a national history curriculum
In 1896, the association appointed a "Committee of Seven" to develop a national standard for college admission requirements in the field of history. Before this time, individual colleges defined their own entrance requirements. After substantial surveys of prevailing teaching methods, emphases and curricula in secondary schools, the Committee published "The Study of History in Schools" in 1898. Their report largely defined the way history would be taught at the high school level as a preparation for college, and wrestled with issues about how the field should relate to the other social studies. The Committee recommended four blocks of Western history, to be taught in chronological order—ancient, medieval and modern European, English, and American history and civil government—and advised that teachers "tell a story" and "bring out dramatic aspects" to make history come alive.[T]he student who is taught to consider political subjects in school, who is led to look at matters historically, has some mental equipment for a comprehension of the political and social problems that will confront him in everyday life, and has received practical preparation for social adaptation and for forceful participation in civic activities.... The pupil should see the growth of the institutions which surround him; he should see the work of men; he should study the living concrete facts of the past; he should know of nations that have risen and fallen; he should see tyranny, vulgarity, greed, benevolence, patriotism, self-sacrifice, brought out in the lives and works of men. So strongly has this very thought taken hold of writers of civil government, that they no longer content themselves with a description of the government as it is, but describe at considerable length the origin and development of the institutions of which they speak.

The association also played a decisive role in lobbying the federal government to preserve and protect its own documents and records. After extensive lobbying by AHA Secretary Waldo Leland and Jameson, Congress established the National Archives and Records Administration in 1934.

As the interests of historians in colleges and universities gained prominence in the association, other areas and activities tended to fall by the wayside. The Manuscripts and Public Archives Commissions were abandoned in the 1930s, while projects related to original research and the publication of scholarship gained ever-greater prominence.

Recent developments
In recent years, the association has tried to come to terms with the growing public history movement and has struggled to maintain its status as a leader among academic historians.

The association started to investigate cases of professional misconduct in 1987, but ceased the effort in 2005 "because it has proven to be ineffective for responding to misconduct in the historical profession."

Recent presidents
2013: Kenneth Pomeranz (Univ. of Chicago)
2016: Patrick Manning (University of Pittsburgh)
2017: Tyler Stovall (University of California, Santa Cruz)
2018: Mary Beth Norton (Cornell University)
2019: J. R. McNeill (Georgetown University)
2020: Mary Lindemann (University of Miami)
2021: Jacqueline Jones (University of Texas at Austin)
2022:  (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
2023: Edward Muir (Northwestern University), elect

Selected awards

For publications

Herbert Baxter Adams Prize for the best book in European history
George Louis Beer Prize for the best book in European international history since 1895
Jerry Bentley Prize for the most outstanding book on world history
Albert J. Beveridge Award in American history for a distinguished book on the history of the United States, Latin America, or Canada, from 1492 to the present
Paul Birdsall Prize for a major book on European military and strategic history since 1870
James Henry Breasted Prize for the best book in any field of history prior to AD 1000
John H. Dunning Prize for the most outstanding book on US history
John K. Fairbank Prize for the best book on East Asian history since 1800
Morris D. Forkosch Prize for the best book in the field of British history since 1485
Leo Gershoy Award for the best book in the fields of 17th and 18th-century western European history
Friedrich Katz Prize for the best book in Latin American and Caribbean history
 Eugenia M. Palmegiano Prize in the history of journalism
James A. Rawley Prize for the best book that explores the integration of Atlantic worlds before the 20th century

For professional distinction

James Harvey Robinson Prize for the teaching aid that has made the most outstanding contribution to the teaching and learning of history in any field
Herbert Feis Award for distinguished contributions to public history
Award for Scholarly Distinction to senior historians for lifetime achievement
 Martin A. Klein Prize instituted in his name for the most distinguished work of scholarship on African history published in English during the previous calendar year
The Nancy Lyman Roelker Mentorship Award

Past presidents
Presidents of the AHA are elected annually and give a president's address at the annual meeting:

 Andrew Dickson White (1884, 1885)
 George Bancroft (1886)
 Justin Winsor (1887)
 William Frederick Poole (1888)
 Charles Kendall Adams (1889)
 John Jay (1890)
 William Wirt Henry (1891)
 James Burrill Angell (1892–1893)
 Henry Adams (1893–1894)
 George Frisbie Hoar (1895)
 Richard Salter Storrs (1896)
 James Schouler (1897)
 George Park Fisher (1898)
 James Ford Rhodes (1899)
 Edward Eggleston (1900)
 Charles Francis Adams Jr. (1901)
 Alfred Thayer Mahan (1902)
 Henry Charles Lea (1903)
 Goldwin Smith (1904)
 John Bach McMaster (1905)
 Simeon E. Baldwin (1906)
 J. Franklin Jameson (1907)
 George Burton Adams (1908)
 Albert Bushnell Hart (1909)
 Frederick Jackson Turner (1910)
 William Milligan Sloane (1911)
 Theodore Roosevelt (1912)
 William A. Dunning (1913)
 Andrew C. McLaughlin (1914)
 H. Morse Stephens (1915)
 George Lincoln Burr (1916)
 Worthington C. Ford (1917)
 William R. Thayer (1918–1919)
 Edward Channing (1920)
 Jean Jules Jusserand (1921)
 Charles H. Haskins (1922)
 Edward P. Cheyney (1923)
 Woodrow Wilson (1924, died before completing his term as president)
 Charles M. Andrews (1924, 1925)
 Dana C. Munro (1926)
 Henry Osborn Taylor (1927)
 James H. Breasted (1928)
 James Harvey Robinson (1929)
 Evarts Boutell Greene (1930)
 Carl Lotus Becker (1931)
 Herbert Eugene Bolton (1932)
 Charles A. Beard (1933)
 William E. Dodd (1934)
 Michael I. Rostovtzeff (1935)
 Charles McIlwain (1936)
 Guy Stanton Ford (1937)
 Laurence M. Larson (1938)
 William Scott Ferguson (1939)
 Max Farrand (1940)
 James Westfall Thompson (1941)
 Arthur M. Schlesinger (1942)
 Nellie Neilson (1943)
 William L. Westermann (1944)
 Carlton J. H. Hayes (1945)
 Sidney B. Fay (1946)
 Thomas J. Wertenbaker (1947)
 Kenneth Scott Latourette (1948)
 Conyers Read (1949)
 Samuel E. Morison (1950)
 Robert Livingston Schuyler (1951)
 James G. Randall (1952)
 Louis Gottschalk (1953)
 Merle Curti (1954)
 Lynn Thorndike (1955)
 Dexter Perkins (1956)
 William L. Langer (1957)
 Walter Prescott Webb (1958)
 Allan Nevins (1959)
 Bernadotte E. Schmitt (1960)
 Samuel Flagg Bemis (1961)
 Carl Bridenbaugh (1962)
 Crane Brinton (1963)
 Julian P. Boyd (1964)
 Frederic C. Lane (1965)
 Roy F. Nichols (1966)
 Hajo Holborn (1967)
 John K. Fairbank (1968)
 C. Vann Woodward (1969)
 R. R. Palmer (1970)
 David M. Potter (1971, died before completing his term as president)
 Joseph R. Strayer (1971)
 Thomas C. Cochran (1972)
 Lynn Townsend White Jr. (1973)
 Lewis Hanke (1974)
 Gordon Wright (1975)
 Richard B. Morris (1976)
 Charles Gibson (1977)
 William J. Bouwsma (1978)
 John Hope Franklin (1979)
 David H. Pinkney (1980)
 Bernard Bailyn (1981)
 Gordon A. Craig (1982)
 Philip D. Curtin (1983)
 Arthur S. Link (1984)
 William H. McNeill (1985)
 Carl N. Degler (1986)
 Natalie Zemon Davis (1987)
 Akira Iriye (1988)
 Louis R. Harlan (1989)
 David Herlihy (1990)
 William E. Leuchtenburg (1991)
 Frederic E. Wakeman Jr (1992)
 Louise A. Tilly (1993)
 Thomas C. Holt (1994)
 John H. Coatsworth (1995)
 Caroline Walker Bynum (1996)
 Joyce Appleby (1997)
 Joseph C. Miller (1998)
 Robert Darnton (1999)
 Eric Foner (2000)
 Wm. Roger Louis (2001)
 Lynn Hunt (2002)
 James M. McPherson (2003)
 Jonathan Spence (2004)
 James J. Sheehan (2005)
 Linda K. Kerber (2006)
 Barbara Weinstein (2007)
 Gabrielle M. Spiegel (2008)
 Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (2009)
 Barbara Metcalf (2010)
 Anthony Grafton (2011)
 William Cronon (2012)
 Kenneth Pomeranz (2013)
 Jan E. Goldstein (2014)
 Vicki L. Ruiz (2015)
 Patrick Manning (2016)
 Tyler Stovall (2017)
 Mary Beth Norton (2018)
 J. R. McNeill (2019)
 Mary Lindemann (2020)
 Jacqueline Jones (2021)

Affiliated societies
Alcohol and Drugs History Society
American Association for State and Local History
American Association for the History of Medicine
American Catholic Historical Association
American Jewish Historical Society
American Journalism Historians Association
American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies
American Society for Environmental History
American Society for Legal History
American Society of Church History
Coordinating Council for Women in History
Conference on Latin American History
National Council on Public History
Oral History Association
Phi Alpha Theta
Radical History Review
Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media
Peace History Society
Society for History in the Federal Government
Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship
Society for Military History
Society of Architectural Historians
Swiss American Historical Society
World History Association

See also
 Bibliographical Society of America
 List of American historians
 Organization of American Historians

References

Selected bibliography
 Alonso, Harriet Hyman. " Slammin' at the AHA." Rethinking History 2001 5(3): 441–446.  Fulltext in Ingenta and Ebsco. The theme of the 2001 annual meeting of the AHA, "Practices of Historical Narrative," attracted a variety of panels. The article traces one such panel from its conception to presentation. Taking the theme to heart, the panelists created a "slam" (or reading) of narrative histories written by experienced historians, a graduate student, and an undergraduate student, and then opened the session to readings from the audience.
 American Historical Association Committee on Graduate Education. "We Historians: the Golden Age and Beyond." Perspectives 2003 41(5): 18–22.  Surveys the state of the history profession in 2003 and points out that numerous career options exist for persons with a Ph.D. in history, although the traditional ideal of a university-level appointment for new Ph.D.s remains the primary goal of doctoral programs.
 Bender, Thomas, Katz, Philip; Palmer, Colin; and American Historical Association Committee on Graduate Education. The Education of Historians for the Twenty-First Century. U. of Illinois Press, 2004. 222 pp.
 Elizabeth Donnan and Leo F. Stock, eds. An Historian's World: Selections from the Correspondence of John Franklin Jameson, (1956). Jameson was AHR editor 1895–1901, 1905–1928
 Higham, John. History: Professional Scholarship in America. (1965, 2nd ed. 1989).
 Meringolo, Denise D. "Capturing the Public Imagination: the Social and Professional Place of Public History." American Studies International 2004 42(2–3): 86–117.  Fulltext in Ebsco.
 Morey Rothberg and Jacqueline Goggin, eds., John Franklin Jameson and the Development of Humanistic Scholarship in America (3 vols., 1993–2001).
 Novick, Peter. That Noble Dream: The "Objectivity Question" and the American Historical Profession. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
 Orrill, Robert and Shapiro, Linn. "From Bold Beginnings to an Uncertain Future: the Discipline of History and History Education." American Historical Review 2005 110(3): 727–751.  Fulltext in History Cooperative, University of Chicago Press and  Ebsco. In challenging the reluctance of historians to join the national debate over teaching history in the schools, the authors argue that historians should remember the leading role that the profession once played in the making of school history. The AHA invented school history in the early 20th century and remained at the forefront of K–12 policymaking until just prior to World War II. However, it abandoned its long-standing activist stance and allowed school history to be submerged within the ill-defined, antidisciplinary domain of "social studies."
 Sheehan, James J. "The AHA and its Publics - Part I." Perspectives  2005 43(2): 5–7.
 Stearns, Peter N.; Seixas, Peter; and Wineburg, Sam, ed.  Knowing, Teaching, and Learning History. New York U. Press, 2000. 576 pp.
 Townsend, Robert B. History's Babel: Scholarship, Professionalization, and the Historical Enterprise in the United States, 1880–1940. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 2013.
 Tyrrell, Ian. Historians in Public: The Practice of American History, 1890–1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.

External links

History organizations based in the United States
Professional associations based in the United States
Organizations established in 1884
Historical societies of the United States
Supraorganizations
Patriotic and national organizations chartered by the United States Congress
1884 establishments in the United States

American Historical Association


Mustafa Kalemli, (26 Mart 1943, Tavşanlı, Kütahya), Türk doktor, siyasetçi, eski Türkiye İçişleri, Orman, Sağlık ve Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanı.

Hayatı
Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinden mezun olduktan sonra aynı üniversitenin üroloji kürsüsünde asistanlığa başladı. 1972 yılında ise üroloji uzmanı oldu. 1976 - 1978 yılları arasında T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığında çeşitli görevler aldı. 1978'de Hamburg Üniversitesi Eppendorf Hastanesi'nde androloji ve renal transplantasyon konularında çalışmalar yaptı. Aynı yıl üroloji doçenti oldu. Doçent olduktan sonra Akdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinin kuruluşunda görev aldı. Aynı fakültenin üroloji kürsüsü başkanı ve fakülte yönetim kurulu üyeliği yaptı. Bunların dışında SSK Tavşanlı Hastanesi kurucu başhekimi olarak görev yaptı. 1983'te SSK Buca Hastanesi üroloji kliniği şefliği görevinde bulundu.

6 Kasım 1983 genel seçimlerinde ANAP'tan Kütahya milletvekili seçildi. 1983 - 1986 arasında Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı, 1986 - 1987 yılları arasında Sağlık ve Sosyal Yardım Bakanlığı yaptı. 1987'de ikinci kez Kütahya'dan milletvekili seçilen Kalemli bu sefer içişleri bakanlığına getirildi. Bu makamdan ayrıldıktan sonra TBMM üyesi olarak alt karma parlamento komisyonu Türk grubu üyesi, daha sonra Avrupa Konseyi parlamenterler meclisi Türk parlamento grubu üyesi olarak görev yaptı. TBMM dışişleri komisyonu üyesi ve başkanvekilliğini yürüttü. 24 Haziran 1991 tarihinde kurulan Mesut Yılmaz hükûmetinde ikinci kere içişleri bakanlığına, 26 Ağustos 1991 tarihinde yeni kurulan orman bakanlığına atandı. 1991 ve 1995 genel seçimlerinde tekrar Kütahya milletvekili seçilen Mustafa Kalemli 1996 - 1997 yılları arasında TBMM Başkanlığı yaptı. 17, 18, 19 ve 20. dönem Kütahya milletvekili olan Kalemli evli ve iki çocuk babasıdır.

Kaynakça

1943 doğumlular
Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinde öğrenim görenler
Türk tıp akademisyenleri
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti İçişleri Bakanları
TBMM 17. dönem Kütahya milletvekilleri
TBMM 18. dönem Kütahya milletvekilleri
TBMM 19. dönem Kütahya milletvekilleri
TBMM 20. dönem Kütahya milletvekilleri
TBMM 19. dönem başkanvekilleri
TBMM Anavatan Partisi grup başkanvekilleri
Tavşanlı doğumlular
Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi başkanları
TBMM Dışişleri Komisyonu
Avrupa Konseyi Parlamenter Meclisi Türk Grubu
Yaşayan insanlar
Resim aranan siyasetçiler
Akdeniz Üniversitesi öğretim üyeleri

Mustafa Kalemli


This is a list of holidays in Latvia.

References
Latvia's National Holidays, Remembrance and Festive Days, the Latvian Institute
Law on public holidays, remembrance days and days of significance (In Latvian)

Society of Latvia
Observances in Latvia
Latvia
Holidays

Public holidays in Latvia


Ross Castle () is a 15th-century tower house and keep on the edge of Lough Leane, in Killarney National Park, County Kerry, Ireland. It is the ancestral home of the Chiefs of the Clan O'Donoghue, later associated  with the Brownes of Killarney.

The castle is operated by the Office of Public Works, and is open to the public seasonally with guided tours.

History
Ross Castle was built in the late 15th century by local ruling clan the O'Donoghues Mór (Ross), though ownership changed hands during the Second Desmond Rebellion of the 1580s to the MacCarthy Mór. He then leased the castle and the lands to Sir Valentine Browne, ancestor of the Earls of Kenmare. The castle was amongst the last to surrender to Oliver Cromwell's Roundheads during the Irish Confederate Wars, and was only taken when artillery was brought by boat via the River Laune. Lord Muskerry (MacCarthy) held the castle against Edmund Ludlow who marched to Ross with 4,000 foot-soldiers and 200 horse; however, it was by water that he attacked the stronghold. The Irish had a prophecy that Ross could never be taken until a warship could swim on the lake, an unbelievable prospect.
Ross may all assault disdain
Till on  Lough Lein strange ship shall sail.

At the end of the wars, the Brownes were able to show that their heir was too young to have taken part in the rebellion and they retained the lands. By about 1688, they had erected a mansion house near the castle, but their adherence to King James II of England after the Glorious Revolution caused them to be exiled. The castle became a military barracks, which remained so until early in the 19th century. The Brownes did not return to live at Ross but built Kenmare House near Killarney.

There is a legend that O'Donoghue leapt or was sucked out of the window of the grand chamber at the top of the castle and disappeared into the waters of the lake along with his horse, his table and his library. It is said that O'Donoghue now lives in a great palace at the bottom of the lake where he keeps a close eye on everything that he sees.

Governors
Governors of the garrison at Ross Castle included:
–1652: Pierce Ferriter
Sir John Peyton, Bt (died 1675)
: Colonel Sir John Edgeworth
: Colonel Richard Hedges
1715: John Sterling
1721: William FitzMaurice, 2nd Earl of Kerry (died 1747)
1753–1762: Lieut-General John Folliot
1762: Sir Francis Lumm, 1st Baronet (died 1797) (High Sheriff of King's County, 1755)
–1801: Lieut-General Charles Eustace (1736-1801) (MP for Fethard, Wexford)
1801–1835: Lieut-General Sir Henry Johnson

Defensive features

Basic structure
The castle is typical of strongholds of Irish chieftains built during the Middle Ages. The tower house had square bartizans on diagonally opposite corners and a thick end wall. The tower was originally surrounded by a square bawn defended by round corner towers on each end.

Front entrance
The front entrance was a small anteroom secured by an iron grill or 'yett' at the outer wall. The yett could be closed from the inside via a chain that could then be secured even if the front door was closed. This room provided small side access holes and a "murder-hole" above which allowed the defenders to attack anybody in the room.

The front door, on the inside of the anteroom, was constructed of two layers of thick Irish oak, one layer 90 degrees to the other with the boards riveted together. If the door was a single layer with the wood fibres going in a single direction, it would have been possible to split the door. The second cross-layer prevented that. The door opened inward and was backed by two heavy beams fitted into the stone structure.

Windows
Windows at the lower levels were vertical thin slits preventing entrance into the structure but allowing persons inside to aim and fire arrows or guns at attackers. The windows on the top levels were larger to allow in light. It was felt that attackers would not be able to scale to those heights so larger windows were safe.

Machicolation
Machicolations were stone structures at the top of the castle protruding out from the wall with a hole in the floor. There are two on Ross Castle, one over the front door and another on the back wall. The one at the front would allow defenders to drop stones or boiling oil on attackers at the front door, the only entrance to the castle.

Parapet
The parapet at roof level is 'crenellated' providing ups, 'merlons' and downs, 'crenels', to allow defenders to hide behind the merlons while firing arrows or guns through the crenels.

Inner rooms
The first floor was used for storage.

The second floor was a living space for the house attendants and guards. Straw was spread on the floor to sleep on. There was typically no furniture.

The third floor was for food preparation and living and eating space for the house attendants and guards.

The fourth floor was the sleeping and living space for the chieftain and his family. The fourth floor had an arched stone roof supporting a stone floor of the fifth story as compared to the wood beam floors of the lower stories.

The fifth floor was the great room where the chieftain ate and entertained. This room was also the last sanctuary as it had a stone floor as a fire break from fire in the lower floors.

Gallery

Notes

External links

 Ross Castle – Visitor information at Heritage Ireland

Castles in County Kerry
Historic house museums in the Republic of Ireland
Killarney
Museums in County Kerry
National Monuments in County Kerry
MacCarthy dynasty

Ross Castle


An Cyrtochilum cumandae in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Willibald Königer. An Cyrtochilum cumandae in nahilalakip ha genus nga Cyrtochilum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Ecuador. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Cyrtochilum

Cyrtochilum cumandae


The following is a limited list of mutual-fund families in the United States. A family of mutual funds is a group of funds that are marketed under one or more brand names, usually having the same distributor (the company which handles selling and redeeming shares of the fund in transactions with investors), and investment advisor (which is usually a corporate cousin of the distributor).

There are several hundred families of registered mutual funds in the United States, some with a single fund and others offering dozens. Many fund families are units of a larger financial services company such as an asset manager, bank, stock brokerage, or insurance company. Additionally, multiple funds in a family can be part of the same corporate structure; that is, one underlying corporation or business trust may divide itself into more than one fund, each of which issues shares separately.

Fund families

Aberdeen Asset Management
AIM (Invesco)
AllianceBernstein
Allianz
AlphaCentric Funds
Amana Mutual Funds Trust
American Beacon
American Century
American Funds (The Capital Group Companies)
Ariel Investments
Ave Maria Mutual Funds
Barclays Global Investors
Baron Funds
BlackRock
BNY Mellon (The Bank of New York Mellon)
Calamos
Calvert Investments
Columbia (Ameriprise Financial)
Credit Suisse
Dimensional Fund Advisors
Delaware Investments
Dodge & Cox
Dreyfus
Eaton Vance
Federated
Fidelity
First Eagle Funds
Franklin Templeton
Gabelli & GAMCO Funds
Goldman Sachs
Invesco (AMVESCAP)
Janus Henderson Investors
John Hancock
JPMorgan
Legg Mason
MainStay Investments
Mellon Funds
MetLife
MFS
Morgan Stanley
Natixis Global Asset Management
Northern
Old Mutual
PIMCO (Pacific Investment Management)
Pax World
Putnam
Schwab
State Farm
State Street
Thrivent Financial for Lutherans
TIAA-CREF
T. Rowe Price
Truist Financial
Tweedy, Browne
USAA
Value Line
Vanguard
Van Kampen
Virtus Investment Partners
Waddell and Reed
Wells Fargo Funds
Wilshire Associates

See also
List of asset management firms

Mutual-fund families
Mutual Fund

List of mutual-fund families in the United States


La Academia Universal fue una institución de debate e investigación sobre materias preferentemente históricas creada en el Madrid de la incipiente Ilustración.

Historia
Se llamó así a una tertulia que se dio en Madrid desde febrero de 1735 en casa del abogado Julián Hermosilla, pues sin ceñirse a tema alguno debía tratar con seriedad científica multitud de temas. Estas reuniones se institucionalizaron con el nombre de Academia Universal y fueron el germen de la futura Real Academia de la Historia, cuyo principal objetivo se fue centrando en investigar la historia en general y en especial la de España. Entre sus promotores se encuentran, además de Hermosilla, los juristas Juan Antonio de Rada y Berganza y Manuel de Roda y Arrieta, el Brigadier y Capitán de Reales guardias de infantería española Francisco de Zabila y los sacerdotes Jerónimo Escuer (secretario de la mayordomía mayor de palacio) y Juan Martínez Salafranca (capellán de San Isidro). Figuraban también entre sus miembros Leopoldo Jerónimo Puig (capellán y bibliotecario de Palacio), Alonso de Verdugo y Castilla (Conde de Torrepalma y Mayordomo de Semana), poco tiempo después se unió al grupo Agustín de Montiano y Luyando (oficial de la primera secretaría de Estado). En mayo de 1736 se trasladó la Academia a una sala de la Biblioteca Real, abierta al público desde 1714 y que posteriormente se convertiría en Biblioteca Nacional. A principios de 1737 recibió el nombre de Academia Española de la Historia. Felipe V aprobó el proyecto de creación por real orden de 17 de junio de 1738; de esta manera la Academia de la Historia pasó a llamarse Real, siendo Montiano su primer director. El monarca concedió para sus miembros los mismos derechos y honores de que disfrutaban los de la Real Academia Española.

Notas

Bibliografía
Bernabé Bartolomé Martínez, Historia de la educación en España y América: La educación en la España moderna (Siglos XVI-XVIII), vol. 2 de Historia de la educación en España y América, Ediciones Morata, 1993, p. 846.
Tesoros de la Real Academia de la Historia, Real Academia de la Historia, 2001

Academias literarias

Academia Universal


Felix Steiner bio je njemački vojni general i nacist. Rođen je 1896. u Berlinu.

Životopis
Nakon završene osnovne škole upisao je vojnu akademiju u koju je išao 5 godina, a nakon toga pomagao je ocu i majki.

Prvi svjetski rat
Imao je 18 godina kada je započeo Prvi svjetski rat te se borio u Njemačkoj vojsci, ali je 1916. godine pobjegao s bojišta i iz Njemačke u neutralnu Švicarsku. Godine 1916. na istočnom ratištu biva ranjen u nogu i odlazi u bolnicu.

Nakon oporavka pobjegao je iz bolnice i vlakom otišao u Švicarsku.

Do generala SS-a
1921. godine vraća se u Njemačku i radi kao drvosječa sve do 1927. godine kada ponovno odlazi u vojsku i školuje se za generala. 1931. godine postaje general lutenant 3 stupnja i zapovijeda 221. njemačkom Vajmarh brigadom sve do 1933. godine, kada na vlast dolaze nacisti. Pridružuje se nacistima te postaje Hitlerov najdraži general. Hitler ga 1938. stavlja da zapovijeda 15. oklopnom brigadom SS-a.

Drugi svjetski rat i smrt
Sudjelovao je u operaciji Barbarrossa, invaziji na Poljsku, te invaziji na Francusku.

1945. godine kada se vodila bitka za Berlin, Hitler mu je zapovijedio da napadne i odbaci postrojbe Crvene armije što dalje od Berlina i tako spasi Berlin od pada, ali on mu je odgovorio da ne može to učiniti jer nema dovoljno ljudi i tehnike. Nakon toga Hitler je zapovijedio da ga se ubije, no Steiner je to saznao te je stoga 1945. izvršio samoubojstvo u blizini Berlina. Njegove su kosti našli Rusi 1959. godine, ali su ih bacili u rijeku u Bjelorusiji, što dalje od Njemačke.

Izvori

Njemački vojni zapovjednici u Drugom svjetskom ratu

Felix Steiner


Acrotriche, biljni rod u porodici vrjesovki. Postoji 19 priznatih vrsta koje rastu po Australiji i Tasmaniji

Vrste
 Acrotriche affinis DC.
 Acrotriche aggregata R.Br.
 Acrotriche baileyana (Domin) J.M.Powell
 Acrotriche cordata (Labill.) R.Br.
 Acrotriche depressa R.Br.
 Acrotriche divaricata R.Br.
 Acrotriche dura (Benth.) Quinn
 Acrotriche fasciculiflora (Regel) Benth.
 Acrotriche halmaturina B.R.Paterson
 Acrotriche lancifolia Hislop
 Acrotriche leucocarpa Jobson & Whiffin
 Acrotriche orbicularis Hislop
 Acrotriche parviflora (Stschegl.) Hislop
 Acrotriche patula R.Br.
 Acrotriche prostrata F.Muell.
 Acrotriche ramiflora R.Br.
 Acrotriche rigida B.R.Paterson
 Acrotriche serrulata R.Br.

Izvori

Epacridoideae

Acrotriche


The world average of female top executives is 8 percent. Thailand has the highest proportion of female CEOs in the world, with 30 percent of companies employing female CEOs, followed by the People's Republic of China, with 19 percent. In the European Union the figure is 9 percent and in the United States it is 5 percent. 14.2% of the top five leadership positions at the companies in the S&P 500 are held by women, according to a recent CNNMoney analysis, out of those 500 companies, there are  24 female CEOs.

Female CEOs

A number of women have risen to become top executives of major corporations. Below is an incomplete list of such women.
Brenda C. Barnes, former CEO of Sara Lee
Jhane Barnes, owner fashion design company
Mary Barra, chairman and CEO of General Motors
Corie Barry, CEO of Best Buy
Amanda Blanc, CEO of Aviva.
Ana Botín, President of Banco Santander, Spain
Gail Koziara Boudreaux, CEO of Anthem
Angela Braly, former President and CEO of WellPoint (now Anthem)
Heather Bresch, Mylan Inc
Roz Brewer, CEO of Walgreens.
Michele Buck, CEO and President of The Hershey Company
Ursula Burns, CEO and Chairman of Xerox
Liz Claiborne, Chairperson and CEO of Liz Claiborne, Inc.
Zoe Cruz, Co-President of Morgan Stanley
Alison Cooper, formerly CEO of Imperial Brands.
Debra Crew, CEO of Diageo
Margherita Della Valle, chief executive of Vodafone
Mary Dillon, CEO of Ulta Beauty
Patricia Dunn, former Chairman of Hewlett-Packard
Annika Falkengren, CEO of SEB, Sweden
Kathryn Farmer, President and CEO of BNSF Railway
Carly Fiorina, former Chairman and CEO of Hewlett-Packard
Janet Foutty, former CEO and chairperson of Deloitte Consulting
Clara Furse, former CEO of London Stock Exchange
Jody Gerson, CEO of Universal Music Publishing
Jacqueline Gold, formerly CEO of Ann Summers.
Julie Greenwald, CEO of Atlantic Music Group
Linda Hasenfratz, CEO of Linamar
Annie Hurlbut, CEO and co-founder of Peruvian Connection
Kathy Ireland, Chairman, CEO and Chief Designer for Kathy Ireland Worldwide and Chairman Emeritus for Level Brands
Lisa S. Jones CEO of EyeMail Inc.
Andrea Jung, Chairman and CEO of Avon Products
Joyce Mackenzie Liu, CEO of Pegafund
Indra Krishnamurthy Nooyi, President and CEO of PepsiCo
Marianne Nivert, former CEO of Telia (now TeliaSonera), Sweden
Karen S. Lynch, President and CEO of CVS Health.
Sylvia Rhone, CEO of Epic Records
Ginni Rometty, former CEO of IBM
Irene Rosenfeld, CEO of Kraft Foods
Rasha Al Roumi, former CEO of Kuwait Airways
Patricia Russo, CEO of Lucent
Güler Sabancı , CEO of Sabancı Holding, Turkey
Mary Sammons, President and CEO of Rite Aid
Nicola Steele CEO of Krispy Kreme ANZ
Martha Stewart, former CEO of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia
Belinda Stronach, former President and CEO of Magna International
Lisa Su, President, CEO and Chair of AMD
Cydni Tetro, CEO of Brandless
Therese Tucker, founder and CEO of BlackLine
Laura Wade-Gery, CEO of Multi-channel at Marks & Spencer, former CEO of Tesco.com
Meg Whitman, former CEO of eBay, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard and Hewlett Packard Enterprise
Geisha Williams, CEO and President of President of PG&E Corporation
Shelley Zalis, CEO of The Female Quotient, former CEO of Ipsos Open Thinking Exchange
Karla Lewis, CEO of Reliance Steel & Aluminum
Sin Yin Tan - Ping An Insurance
Stephanie Linnartz, CEO Under Armour

References

Executives, female
Executives

List of female top executives