Nasiljem među djecom i mladima smatra se svako namjerno fizičko ili psihičko nasilno ponašanje usmjereno prema djeci () i mladima( od strane njihovih vršnjaka () učinjeno s ciljem povrjeđivanja, a koje se, neovisno o mjestu izvršenja, može razlikovati po obliku, težini, intenzitetu i vremenskom trajanju( i koje uključuje ponavljanje istog obrasca i održava neravnopravan odnos snaga (jači protiv slabijih ili grupa protiv pojedinca).

Definicija
Nasiljem među djecom i mladima smatra se osobito:
 namjerno uzrokovani fizički napad u bilo kojem obliku, primjerice udaranje, guranje, gađanje, šamaranje, čupanje, zaključavanje, napad različitim predmetima, pljuvanje i slično bez obzira da li je kod napadnutog djeteta nastupila tjelesna ozljeda,
 psihičko i emocionalno nasilje prouzročeno opetovanim ili trajnim negativnim postupcima od strane jednog djeteta ili više djece. Negativni postupci su: ogovaranje, nazivanje pogrdnim imenima, ismijavanje, zastrašivanje, izrugivanje, namjerno zanemarivanje i isključivanje iz skupine kojoj pripada ili isključivanje i zabranjivanje sudjelovanja u različitim aktivnostima s ciljem nanošenja patnje ili boli, širenje glasina s ciljem izolacije djeteta od ostalih učenika, oduzimanje stvari ili novaca, uništavanje ili oštećivanje djetetovih stvari, ponižavanje, naređivanje ili zahtijevanje poslušnosti ili na drugi način dovođenje djeteta u podređeni položaj, kao i sva druga ponašanja počinjena od djeteta i mlade osobe (unutar kojih i spolno uznemiravanje i zlostavljanje) kojima se drugom djetetu namjerno nanosi fizička i duševna bol ili sramota.

Nasilništvo
Nasilništvo podrazumijeva 6 definirajućih činitelja: namjera da se nanese ozljeda ili šteta; intenzitet i trajanje; moć nasilnika; ranjivost žrtve; manjak podrške; posljedice.

Normalni sukob vršnjaka
Normalni sukob vršnjaka ima sljedeća obilježja: ne postoje elementi navedeni za nasilništvo; djeca ne insistiraju da mora biti po njihovom po svaku cijenu; mogu dati razloge zašto su u sukobu; ispričaju se ili prihvate rješenje da nitko nije pobijedio; slobodno pregovaraju da bi zadovoljili svoje potrebe; mogu promijeniti temu i otići iz situacije.

Bullying
Nasilničko ponašanje djece (bullying) razlikuje se od jednokratnih incidenata i dječjih svađa ili tučnjava, jer se radi o ponašanju koje obilježava agresivno ponašanje kojim se namjerno nekome čini zlo, ponavljanje tijekom određenog vremena, neravnopravan odnos snaga (jači protiv slabijeg ili grupa protiv pojedinca). Nasilje i zlostavljanje uključuje različita ponašanja: verbalno (dobacivanje, izrugivanje, omalovažavanje, prijetnje), socijalno (izbjegavanje, ignoriranje, isključivanje iz aktivnosti, ogovaranje i širenje zlobnih tračeva), psihološko (oštećivanje imovine, krađa i bacanje stvari, prijeteći pogledi, praćenje) i tjelesno (guranje, rušenje, udarci).

Prepoznavanje vršnjačkog nasilja
Žrtve se često boje otići u školu (ili koju drugu odgojno-obrazovnu ustanovu) i iz nje, odbijaju ići tamo, žale se da su bolesni da bi mogli ostati kod kuće ili markiraju iz škole, a za izbjeći nasilnike znaju promijeniti uobičajeni put prema školi ili moliti roditelje da ih odvezu. Znak izraženijih fizičkih napada je kad žrtve najednom dolaze kući redovno s potrganom odjećom, oštećenim školskim knjigama ili bez svojih stvari. Može se primijetiti neobjašnjive modrice, ogrebotine i porezotine. Ako nasilnik od žrtve traži novac, odjednom kod djece žrtava "nestaje" novac koji su im roditelji dali za ručak ili džeparac, pa ponekad žrtve se vraćaju kući izgladnjeli jer im je uzet novac za ručak. Žrtve nestanak novaca često "opravdavaju" riječima da su ga "izgubili". U gorem slučaju žrtva radi izbjegavanja neugode i udovoljavanja nasilniku sve češće traži novac od roditelja ili čak krade. U školi ta djeca žrtve nerijetko sama provode odmor, a da to prijateljima iz razreda nije neobično i nisu zabrinuti zbog toga. Kod eskaliranog oblika (strah drugih vršnjaka da se to njima ne dogodi, strah drugih vršnjaka koje je zlostavljač zastrašio ili u najgorem obliku krug zlostavljača se proširio na cijelu sredinu) nasilja, vršnjaci iz razreda ih ne biraju u grupnim športovima. Nastavnici mogu primijetiti da dijete češće traži njihovu blizinu, nesigurnost i uznemirenost ako učenik treba izaći pred ploču, odnosno pred razred.

Posljedice
Zbog osjećaja bespomoćnosti i straha često je neprijavljivanje nasilja. Žrtve često odbijaju govoriti o tome što nije u redu, uključujući i kad ih se pita što je. Često govore nevjerojatna objašnjenja i isprike za ono što nas zabrinjava. Vrlo je bitno pri pristupu žrtvi uvažiti njene strahove i pratiti njen tempo, pružajući joj za to vrijeme razumijevanje, ohrabrenje i podršku koji će joj olakšati dijeljenje svoje priče s nama.

Zbog svakodnevna suočavanja sa strahom i neizvjesnošću na mjestu koje bi trebalo biti mjesto ugodna druženja s vršnjacima a koje se pretvorilo u suprotnost, javlja se kronično izostajanje iz škole ili otpor odlasku u školu. Uspjeh u školi nerijetko slabi. Boravak na takvom nesigurnom i neprijateljskom mjestu ispunja žrtvu strahom, nesigurnošću, tugom, usamljenošću i osjećajem bespomoćnosti. Žrtva je povučenija nego što bi bila, ako bi uopće bila povučena. Posljedica je to gubitka samopoštovanja, odnosno osjećaja manje vrijednosti i samokritičnosti. Žrtva ne nalazi na potporu u sredini, pa se osjeća usamljeno i napušteno, jer nasilnici žrtvu često nastoje izolirati i izdvojiti od društva. Žrtva gubi vjeru da se nešto doista može promijeniti. Kod dugotrajno pretrpljenog nasilja, javljaju se psihosomatski simptomi pa se žrtva može početi žaliti na glavobolju, bolove u trbuhu ili leđima, vrtoglavicu ili imati poteškoće sa spavanjem. Žrtva je rastuće nesigurna u sebe, anksiozna, napeta, depresivna ili čak agresivna prema drugima. Događaju se promjene u svakodnevnim rutinama, pa n.pr. dijete ili mlada osoba može prestati jesti, imati poteškoća sa spavanjem ili noćne more. Kod težih oblika vršnjačkog nasilja kod žrtava se javlja samoranjavanje, prijetnja samoubojstvom ili čak pokušaj samoubojstva.

Posljedice vršnjačkog nasilja utječu na žrtvin život i u kasnijim fazama života, uključujući odraslu dob. Moguće je niže samopoštovanje, osjećaj nemoći da se zauzmu za sebe, osjećaj da svijet nije sigurno mjesto, naučena bespomoćnost te ljutnja i ogorčenost na svijet. Žrtve su sklonije anksioznosti, depresiji, poremećajima pažnje i poremećajima prehrane.

Obveze državnih ustanova
U slučaju prijave ili dojave o nasilju, zadužena stručna u odgojno-obrazovnim ustanovama za to područje obvezna je spriječiti to nasilje, obavijestiti roditelje djeteta žrtve ili zakonske zastupnike djeteta žrtve, i obavijestiti ih o svemu u svezi sa slučajem, razgovarati s djetetom žrtvom nasilja, sprovesti liječničku intervenciju ako je potrebno i sačekati liječnikovu preporuku o daljnjem postupanju i dolazak djetetovih roditelja ili zakonskih zastupnika, savjetovati roditelje žrtve o mogućim oblicima savjetodavne i stručne pomoći djetetu, također obaviti razgovor s djetetom nasilnikom i njegovim roditeljima ili zakonskim zastupnicima, upoznati ih s neprihvatljivošću takva ponašanja, te izvijestiti ih o obvezi odgojno-obrazovne ustanove da slučaj prijavi nadležnom centru za socijalnu skrb, Uredima državne uprave u županijama (Službama za društvene djelatnosti i/ili Gradskom uredu za obrazovanje i šport Grada Zagreba), policiji ili nadležnom državnom odvjetništvu. Policija je po prijavi ili dojavi (odgojno – obrazovne ustanove, domova za skrb o djeci, centra za socijalnu skrb, djeteta, njegovog roditelja, zakonskog zastupnika ili neke treće osobe) također obvezna reagirati obvezna poslati specijaliziranog policijskog službenika za maloljetničku delinkvenciju, a iznimno drugog policijskog službenika, radi poduzimanja nužnih i neodgodivih mjera i radnji itd.

Vidi
 nasilje u obitelji
 nasilje nad ženama
 nasilje nad djecom
 virtualno zlostavljanje (cyberbullying)
 mobbing

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Paulina Križić: Virtualno nasilje među mladima  Sveučilište u Zadru, Zadar, 2017.
Peer violence UNICEF, lipanj 2020.

Kriminal
Nasilje

Nasilje među djecom i mladima


Aerojel, bir jelin içerisindeki sıvı bileşenin hava ile değiştirilmiş olan katı maddelerdir. Duman gibi görüntü verdikleri için Donmuş duman veya mavi duman diye de adlandırılırlar.
İlk olarak Steven Kistler tarafından 1931 yılında silika jel kullanılarak oluşturuldular. Büyük oranda havadan oluşurlar. En önemli özellikleri arasında çok hafif ve çok yalıtkan olmaları gelir. Bu ve diğer özellikleri sebebiyle birçok alanda kullanıma girmişlerdir. 2011 yılında silika aerojeller 15 tane Guinness rekoru sahibiydiler. İzolasyon sektöründe aerojel ürünleri piyasası 2004'te 25 milyon dolarlık bir büyüklüğe sahipken, bu rakam 2013 yılında 20 katına çıkmış ve 500 milyon dolar seviyesine ulaşmıştır. Çeşitli bilimsel araştırmalarda, tıpta, boyacılık, havacılık, kozmetik ve başka birçok sektörde, ayrıca NASA çalışmalarında da aerojeller kullanılmaktadır.

Steven Kistler, silika jel'den başka çeşitli metal oksitleri (aluminyum, krom, kalay oksitleri) ile de aerojel üretmiştir. Karbon tabanlı aerojeller, ilk kez 1980'li yılların sonlarında üretilmeye başlandı.

Fiziksel özellikleri

Aerojellerin milyonlarca ufak delikten oluşan yüzeyi, süngeri andırır. %99,8'i havadan oluşmaktadır ve çok iyi yalıtkandır. Aerojel, bilinen köpüklerden ve diğer yalıtım maddelerinden çok daha üstün özelliklere sahiptir. Öyle ki, oksijen kaynağıyla doğrudan verilen ateşi bile yalıtabilmektedir. En gelişmiş fiberglas yalıtım malzemesinden 39 kat daha fazla yalıtım kabiliyetine sahiptir. Knudsen efekti yüzünden aerojeller, içinde bulunan havadan bile daha yalıtkan hale gelebilmektedir.

Aerojeller, bir başka silika (kum) esaslı madde olan camla kıyaslandığında 1000 kat daha az yoğunluğa ve delikli bir yapıya sahiptir. Büyüklüğü milimetrenin milyarda biri kadar olan delikler, bir ağ gibi malzemenin içini kuşatır. Deliklerin etrafı başka bir malzeme ile kaplıdır.

Yarı saydamdırlar (translusent) ve Rayleigh saçılımı nedeniyle çeşitli renklerde (silika jel tabanlılar için mavi renkte) gözükürler. Rijit ve büyük ağırlık taşıyabilen katı objelerdir ama kırılgandırlar. Kütlesinin binlerce katını taşıyabilir, ama ufak darbelerle de kırılabilirler. Su sevme açısından hidrofil ve hatta higroskopturlar, dokunma durumunda kuru bir his bırakırlar. Çeşitli işlemlerle, kırılganlıkları giderilebilmekte ve su sevmez haline getirilebilmektedirler.

Notlar

Dış bağlantılar

 Açık kaynak aerojel
 NASA fotoğrafları
 Aerojellerin gelişimi makalesi

Aerojel


المجنونة من تمثيل محمود عبد العزيز وإسعاد يونس إنتاج 1985, تدور أحداث الفيلم حول سيف الحديدى (محممود عبد العزيز) المذيع اللامع المرتبط بإحدى بنات الأسر الأرستقراطية (مها أبو عوف) والذي يقع في خضم أحداث مربكة من تخطيط إحدى المعجبات به.

قصة الفيلم مستوحاة من الفيلم الأمريكي .

موضوع الفيلم
تقوم سعاد (إسعاد يونس) الفتاة الفقيرة والتي وضعت سيف الحديدى المذيع كالشريك الوحيد لأحلامها المريضة، وبناء على ذلك بدأت مطاردة محمومة لسيف في كل الأماكن التي يتواجد فيها بالإضافة لمحاولة إفساد علاقته بخطيبته........
تستمر الأحداث حتى تٌقبل سعاد على احتجاز خطيبة سيف في فيلتها تحت تهديد سلاح أبيض ويصل سيف للفيلا محاولا إنهاء الموقف حيث تصل الأحداث للذروة بوصول ممرضيين من مستشفى الأمراض العقلية مع قوة من الشرطة ونجاحهم في السيطرة على سعاد واصطحابها في سيارة المستشفى.
تنتهى الأحداث بتعاطف خطيبة سيف مع سعاد التي أخذت تصرخ باسم سيف حتى النهاية.

شارك في الفيلم

 عبد الله أحمد عبد الله
 بهجت قمر
 ليزا ماى
 بدرية السيد

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 موقع الفيلم على قاعدة بيانات الأفلام العربية

أفلام إسعاد يونس
أفلام إنتاج 1985
أفلام محمود عبد العزيز

المجنونة (فيلم 1985)


نادي شباب مريرت هو نادٍ رياضي مغربي من مدينة مريرت ممارس بدوري الدرجة الثالثة المغربي . تأسس سنة 1982.

وصلات خارجية

  موقع البطولة كوم المختص بأخبار الدوري المغربي.
  موقع جريدة المنتخب المغربية المتخصصة في أخبار الرياضة المغربية
  الموقع الرسمي للقناة الرياضية المغربية

أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1982
أندية كرة قدم في المغرب
تأسيسات سنة 1982 في المغرب

نادي شباب مريرت


Gabriela Horn (født 25. januar 1988), kendt som Paenda (ofte stiliseret som PÆNDA), er en østrigsk sanger, sangskriver og musikproducer. Hun skal repræsentere Østrig i Eurovision Song Contest 2019 med sangen "Limits", som blev udgivet den 8. marts.

Referencer

Sangere fra Østrig
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 2019
Østrigs Eurovision Song Contest-deltagere

Pænda


Agrilus samoensis é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Blair, 1928.

Referências

samoensis

Agrilus samoensis


Camara Phyllis Jones (nascida em 16 de agosto de 1955) é uma médica, epidemiologista e ativista anti-racismo americana especializada nos efeitos do racismo e das desigualdades sociais na saúde. Ela é conhecida por seu trabalho na definição de Racismo institucional mediado pessoalmente e racismo internalizado no contexto das relações raciais modernas dos Estados Unidos. Durante a pandemia de COVID-19, Jones chamou a atenção para o motivo pelo qual o racismo, e não a raça, é um fator de risco e pediu ações para lidar com o racismo estrutural.

Infância e educação
Camara Phyllis Jones nasceu em 16 de agosto de 1955 em San Francisco, Califórnia. Após sua formatura no ensino médio, Jones recebeu seu bacharelado em biologia molecular no Wellesley College em 1976. Ela então obteve seu MD na Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Stanford em 1981 e seu MPH na Escola de Higiene e Saúde Pública Johns Hopkins no ano seguinte. Depois de receber seu diploma de medicina, ela completou o treinamento de residência em 1983 para Medicina Preventiva Geral no Johns Hopkins e completou um segundo treinamento de residência em 1986 em Medicina Familiar no Montefiore Medical Center. Ela obteve seu Ph.D. em epidemiologia pela Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health em 1995. O título de sua dissertação era Métodos para Comparar Distribuições: Desenvolvimento e Aplicação Explorando as Diferenças Associadas à "Raça" na Pressão Arterial Sistólica.

Carreira
O trabalho de Jones se concentra em nomear, medir e abordar os impactos do racismo na saúde e no bem-estar. Para ilustrar os efeitos do racismo, Jones costuma usar alegorias ou histórias, como The Gardener's Tale, que ela compartilhou em um artigo de 2000 no American Journal of Public Health e em uma palestra TEDx que deu em 2014. Junto com co-autores, ela escreveu um capítulo sobre Action and Allegories para o livro da American Public Health Association, Racism: Science & Tools for the Public Health Professional.

Jones foi Radcliffe Fellow de 2019–2020 no Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study da Universidade de Harvard. Como bolsista Radcliffe, ela está desenvolvendo ferramentas para inspirar, equipar e engajar todos os americanos em uma campanha nacional contra o racismo. Ela é ex-presidente da American Public Health Association (2015–2016) e membro sênior do Satcher Health Leadership Institute e do Cardiovascular Research Institute da Morehouse School of Medicine. Ela foi médica e diretora de pesquisa sobre Determinantes Sociais de Saúde e Equidade no Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças (2000–2014).

Jones proferiu sete discursos de formatura desde 2013 na UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health (2018), University of Minnesota School of Public Health (2017), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine (2017), CUNY School of Medicine (2017), UCSF School of Medicine (2016), UC Berkeley School of Public Health (2016) e University of Washington School of Public Health (2013). Em 2016, ela recebeu o título honorário de Doutor em Ciências pela Escola de Medicina Icahn no Monte Sinai.

Nomeações como docente
Após a conclusão de sua residência em medicina familiar no Montefiore Medical Center, Jones ocupou o cargo de professora assistente visitante no Departamento de Saúde Comunitária e Medicina Social da City University of New York Medical School de 1986 a 1987. Sua primeira cátedra foi na Harvard School of Public Health, onde ocupou o cargo de professora assistente nos Departamentos de Saúde e Comportamento Social, Epidemiologia e Divisão de Prática de Saúde Pública de 1994 a 2000.

Em 2003, Jones foi nomeada professora adjunta da Morehouse School of Medicine no Departamento de Saúde Comunitária e Medicina Preventiva, e em 2004 foi nomeada professora adjunta da Rollins School of Public Health da Emory University no Departamento de Ciências Comportamentais e Educação em Saúde e no Departamento de Epidemiologia. Ela continua a ocupar esses dois cargos até hoje.

Em 2012, Jones foi professor visitante no Meharry Medical College como parte do programa Scholars-in-Residence do Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Center for Health Policy.

Ela também foi "Professora Visitante de Myron e Margaret Winegarden" na Universidade de Michigan-Flint no Departamento de Saúde Pública e Ciências da Saúde de 2016 a 2017.

Cargos hospitalares
Jones foi nomeada Residente-Chefe em Clínica Familiar no Hospital Montefiore de 1985 a 1986. Seu próximo cargo em instituição

hospitalar foi no período de 1994 a 1996 no Brigham and Women's Hospital como Pesquisadora Associada em Medicina.

Prêmios e honrarias

 (2019): 2019–2020 Radcliffe Fellow: Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study na Harvard University* (2019): Prêmio Chanchlani de Pesquisa em Saúde Global: McMaster University
 (2018): Wellesley Alumnae Achievement Award
 (2018): SOPHE Honorary Fellow: Society for Public Health Education
 (2018): Cato T. Laurencin MD, PhD Distinguished Research Award: W. Montague Cobb/NMA Health Institute National Medical Association
 (2018): Prêmio Progressive Change Maker: New Leaders Council Atlanta
 (2018): Prêmio de Justiça Social Frances Borden-Hubbard: The Springfield Adolescent Health Project
 (2018): Prêmio Louise Stokes Health Advocacy: National Medical Association
 (2017): Richard e Barbara Hansen Prêmio de Liderança: Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de Iowa
 (2017): Outstanding Woman Leader in Healthcare Award: Leadership Summit for Women in Academic Medicine and Healthcare University of Michigan
 (2016): Prêmio Shirley Nathan Pulliam Health Equity Leadership: Escola de Saúde Pública da Universidade de Maryland e Departamento de Saúde e Higiene Mental de Maryland
 (2016): Myron e Margaret Winegarden Professor Visitante: University of Michigan–Flint
 (2016): Membro Honorário da Royal Society for Public Health em 2016
 (2016): Prêmio Paul Cornely: Health Activist Dinner American Public Health Association
 (2016): Doutor em Ciências (honoris causa): Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
 (2016): 2016 Jonathan M. Mann Palestrante: Fundação dos Centros de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças (CDC)
 (2014): Associação Americana de Saúde Pública :
 Presidente eleito (2014–2015)
 Presidente (2015–2016)
 Ex-presidente imediato (2016–2017)
 (2012): Pesquisador Sênior em Disparidades de Saúde: W. Montague Cobb/National Medical Association (NMA) Health Institute
 (2011): John Snow Award- Seção de Epidemiologia: American Public Health Association e Royal Society for Public Health
 (2010): Prêmio de Serviços Distintos: Associação Médica do Estado da Geórgia
 (2010): Citação Presidencial: Society for Public Health Education
 (2009): Hildrus A. Poindexter Distinguished Service Award: Black Caucus of Health Workers, American Public Health Association
 (2009): Nomeado, Charles C. Shepard Science Award: Centros de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças (CDC)
 Nomeados na categoria "Avaliação e Epidemiologia" pela publicação: "Usando 'raça socialmente atribuída' para sondar vantagens brancas no estado de saúde". Etnicidade & Doença. 18 (4): 496–504. PMID 19157256.
 (2006): Fulbright Senior Specialists Roster: Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs
 (2006): Eleito membro inaugural do Conselho Nacional de Examinadores de Saúde Pública
 (2003): Prêmio David Satcher: Associação de Diretores Estaduais e Territoriais de Promoção da Saúde e Educação em Saúde Pública

Trabalhos e publicações selecionados

Referências

Alunos do Wellesley College
Alunos da Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Mulheres ativistas dos Estados Unidos
Epidemiologistas dos Estados Unidos
Ativistas afro-americanos
Cientistas dos Estados Unidos do século XXI
Cientistas dos Estados Unidos do século XX
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Negres)
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Mais Pretas)
Antropólogas dos Estados Unidos

Camara Phyllis Jones


Herlev Bymidte Station er en kommende letbanestation på Hovedstadens Letbane (Ring 3-letbanen) i Herlev Kommune. Den kommer til at ligge på Herlev Ringvej umiddelbart nord for krydset med Herlev Hovedgade og i nærheden af indkøbscentret Herlev Bymidte. Den kommer til at ligge på midten af vejen og kommer til at bestå af to spor med hver sin perron med adgang via fodgængerfeltet i krydset. Stationen forventes at åbne sammen med letbanen i 2025.

Referencer

Stationer på Ring 3 Letbane
Bygninger, konstruktioner og anlæg i Herlev Kommune

Herlev Bymidte Station


(« En vol » ou « À bord » en anglais) peut faire référence à :

 In Flight, album de George Benson sorti en 1977 ;
 , album d'Alvin Lee sorti en 1978 ;
 , album de Linda Perry sorti en 1996 ;

Voir aussi
 Inflight

In Flight


Yuri Kim (nascido em 1972) é uma diplomata norte-americana nascida na Coreia do Sul que atua como embaixadora dos Estados Unidos na Albânia desde 2020. Kim é a primeira mulher coreana-americana a representar os Estados Unidos como embaixadora e a primeira embaixadora dos EUA de Guam.

Infância e educação
Kim nasceu na Coreia do Sul em 1972. O pai de Kim é Kenneth Tae-Rang Kim, fundador da Yury Construction Co., e sua mãe é Jane Wha-Young Kim, dona de casa e líder comunitária. Em 1976, aos quatro anos, Kim e sua família imigraram para Guam. Sua mãe estava entre os 228 passageiros que morreram no voo 801 da Korean Air, que caiu em Guam em 6 de agosto de 1997. Sua família estabeleceu a Fundação Jane Wha-Young Kim em sua memória, oferecendo bolsas de estudo para estudantes do ensino médio e universitários em Guam, bem como um prêmio para professores de destaque. Kim se formou na Academia de Nossa Senhora de Guam . Ela então obteve um BA da Universidade da Pensilvânia e um M.Phil. da Universidade de Cambridge. Além do inglês, ela fala coreano, mandarim, japonês e turco.

Carreira

Kim é um membro de carreira do Serviço Estrangeiro Sênior. Kim atuou como Diretora do Centro de Estudos da Diplomacia do Departamento de Estado, Chefe de Gabinete do Vice-Secretário de Estado e Diretora do Escritório de Segurança Europeia e Assuntos Político-Militares. Kim atuou como Diretora do Escritório de Assuntos da Europa Meridional no Escritório de Assuntos Europeus e Eurasianos do Departamento de Estado de 2018 a 2019.

No início de sua carreira, Kim atuou como Assistente Especial do Secretário de Estado Adjunto para Assuntos do Leste Asiático e do Pacífico e foi membro da delegação americana para as Conversações a Seis focadas em encerrar o programa de armas nucleares da Coreia do Norte. Ela também foi Assistente Especial do Secretário de Estado Colin Powell.

Kim foi confirmada como embaixadora na Albânia por um voto de voz do Senado em 19 de dezembro de 2019, e apresentou suas credenciais ao presidente albanês Ilir Meta em Tirana em 27 de janeiro de 2020. Durante sua missão diplomática na Albânia, Yuri Kim está apoiando o crescimento dos investimentos americanos na Albânia.

Vida pessoal
Kim fala coreano, chinês mandarim, japonês, turco e inglês .

Veja também

Oficiais do Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos
Alunos da Universidade da Pensilvânia
Diplomatas dos Estados Unidos
Alunos da Universidade de Cambridge

Yuri Kim


Beat the Clock is an American television game show that involves people trying to complete challenges to win prizes while faced with a time limit. The show was a creation of Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions.

The show began on radio as Time's A-Wastin''' in 1948, hosted by Bud Collyer, and changed its name to Beat the Time on January 5, 1949. The show moved to television on the CBS nighttime schedule starting on March 23, 1950. On September 16, 1957, CBS premiered an afternoon version of the show as well, which ran for a year. The nighttime show was cancelled on February 16, 1958, and the afternoon program followed on September 12, 1958.

Soon, the show moved to ABC's daytime schedule, and ran from October 13, 1958 to January 27, 1961. A brief revival aired on CBS from September 17, 1979 to February 1, 1980.

In 2006, the show made up the third segment of Game$how Marathon, a seven-part summer series that aired on CBS, with Ricki Lake as host and Rich Fields as announcer.

The most recent revival aired on Universal Kids from February 6, 2018 to July 8, 2019.

 1950–1961
The first edition of Beat the Clock was a production of CBS and aired there until 1958. The show then moved to American Broadcasting Company where it stayed until 1961. Bud Collyer emceed the original series.

Contestants were required to perform tasks (called "problems" by Collyer) within a certain time limit which was counted down on a large 60-second clock. If they succeeded, they were said to have "beaten the clock"—otherwise, "the clock beat them". The show had several sponsors over its run, with the most longstanding being the electronics company Sylvania.

 On-air personalities
Substitute hosts on the original version included Bill Hart (1951), John Reed King (1952), stunt creator Frank Wayne (1953), Bob Kennedy (1954), Win Elliot (1955), and Sonny Fox, who became Collyer's permanent substitute from 1957 to 1960. Collyer was referred to in the introductions as "America's number one clockwatcher", and the fill-in hosts were each named "America's number two clockwatcher".

The show had several female on-air assistants. The original hostess was Roxanne (née Delores Evelyn Rosedale). Roxanne was replaced by Beverly Bentley in August 1955. Bentley's departure in 1956 coincided with Hazel Bishop's sponsorship and a period of having no main assistant (see production changes below). She reappeared as one of the models on the original version of The Price Is Right for its entire run.

The announcer for the show's run on CBS was Bernard ("Bern") Bennett until 1958. In October 1957, Beat the Clock ran a contest inviting viewers to submit drawings of what Bennett, who was never shown on camera, might look like. Over 20,000 viewers participated, and winner Edward Darnell, of Columbus, Indiana, was flown in to appear with Bennett on the December 2, 1957, show. When Beat the Clock moved to ABC, Dirk Fredericks became the announcer. Substitute announcers included Lee Vines, Bob Sheppard, Hal Simms, and Dick Noel.

 Contestants
Contestants were chosen from the studio audience and usually were married couples. Other pairs were engaged, dating, or were a familial relationship. Collyer would ask them general questions (usually including where they were from and how long they'd been married) and usually asked if they had children, their ages and genders. Sometimes the couple would bring children on the show. Collyer usually would talk to the children, asking them what they wanted to be when they grew up, or, if the kids were not at the show, to have their parents wave to them on TV. The husbands on the show usually wore a business suit. Collyer would often ask the husband to take off his coat for stunts to make it less cumbersome (there were hooks on the contestants' podium) or Collyer would hold the coat.

Occasionally, if there was going to be a messy stunt, the husband would come out dressed in a plastic jumpsuit. Similarly, wives would sometimes play in their "street clothes", but sometimes the women would appear in a jumpsuit because their own clothing might be too cumbersome or perhaps fragile. The women's jumpsuits, unlike the men's, which were rather plain, were patterned to look like a pair of overalls with a collared blouse underneath. The women would also often be issued running shoes instead of their own high heels.

 Game format

 Main Game
One couple competed against the clock to win a prize in stunts that required one or both members of the couple. The stunt was described and the time limit was set on a giant onstage clock. The time limit was always a multiple of 5 seconds, usually at least 30 seconds. At one point Collyer said that a 55-second time limit was the maximum, but later on, stunts occasionally had 60-second limits. On the primetime edition, the first stunt was called the $100 clock. If the couple beat the $100 clock, they moved on to the $200 clock and the same rules applied. If they failed to beat the $100 clock, they received a consolation prize worth less than $100. If they failed to beat the $200 clock, they got a prize worth more than $100. On the daytime versions, couples continued playing as long as they kept beating the clock, with various prizes awarded for each victory.

 Jackpot Clock
On the primetime version, if the couple beat the $200 clock, the wife would play the jackpot clock in which the words of a famous saying or quote were scrambled up on a magnetic board and that phrase had to be unscrambled in 20 seconds or less. If successful, then the couple won the Jackpot Prize. If not, they got a prize worth more than $200. Occasionally, when the wife of the couple did not speak English very well, the husband was allowed to perform the jackpot clock.

The jackpot clock and the Bonus Stunt would provide the templates for the traditional quiz show bonus round, which would become a TV staple, starting in 1950 with the bonus question round on You Bet Your Life.

In the show's earliest set design in available episodes, there was a round display near the contestants mirroring the clock. This display had three rings of light like a target. The outer ring would light during the $100 clock, the middle ring for the $200 clock, and the center circle would light during the jackpot clock. This feature was removed in later set designs.

 Bonus Stunt
Some time during every episode (between normal stunts), a bell would sound. The couple playing at the time would attempt the Bonus Stunt for the Bonus Prize that started at $100 in cash. If the stunt was not beaten, it would be attempted the next week with $100 added to the prize. When it was beaten, it was retired from the show and a new Bonus Stunt began the next week at $100. The bonus (as the name suggests) did not affect the regular game, and win or lose the couple continued the regular clocks wherever they left off. Beginning in August 1954, the starting amount for each Bonus Stunt was raised to $500, still increasing $100 each week.

Bonus Stunts were harder than the usual $100 and $200 clocks and sometimes reached $2,000 and even $3,000 on rare occasions. The first time the Bonus reached $1,000 was on February 28, 1953, when it was won for that amount. In 1956, the Bonus Stunt was replaced by the Super Bonus.

There was usually a special technique for performing the stunt that had to be figured out, but even then, the stunt was usually difficult enough to require some skill or luck once the technique was realized. Viewers would usually try to figure it out and after a few weeks on the air viewers would often get it (sometimes Collyer would remark that viewers had been writing in and he would give certain dimensions of the props used so viewers could try to figure it out at home).

Usually either contestants themselves would start appearing on the show with the technique in mind, or audience members would shout it out to try to help them. A stunt would usually take a few weeks before the audience realized the technique, and then a few more weeks before someone was able to properly employ it.

 Super Bonus Stunt
In response to the big money prizes on other networks' game shows, CBS talked Mark Goodson into increasing the stakes on Beat The Clock. Ultimately the plan was unsuccessful as the ratings never did improve much, perhaps leading to the end of the Super Bonus. Starting on February 25, 1956, after the last regular Bonus Stunt had been won, it was replaced by the super bonus which started at $10,000 and went up by $1,000 every time a couple failed to beat the clock. Unlike with the regular bonus stunt and the "Big Cash Bonus Stunt" that followed it, the Super Bonus was attempted by every couple who qualified by beating the $200 clock. Originally the stunt was played at the end of the show by each couple that qualified, and "because of the high prize value" a special timing machine made by the Longines company was used, which was touted as the most accurate portable timer available. Probably realizing that seeing the same stunt a few times in a row was a bit boring, they moved the Super Bonus right after the $200 clock and before the jackpot clock on March 17, dropping the Longines timer.

Partway through the run of the second Super Bonus, a rolling desk/table with dollar value of the bonus printed on it was used to roll out the props for the stunt. This carried over to the Big Cash Bonus Stunt. It is notable that in the earliest surviving episodes from 1952 that air, the original bonus had a similar desk with the value of the bonus on it. The desk was done away with for several years until the idea was reused in 1956.

 Big Cash Bonus Stunt
Starting on September 22, 1956, the bonus reverted to the original Bonus Stunt format (attempted once per episode by whatever couple heard the "bonus bell" ringing). The Jackpot started at $5,000 and increased $1,000 every week it was not won. If successful, the couple left the show with the top prize. Otherwise, they continued on with the regular game.

 Bonus Cash and Prize Stunt
Featured on the daytime version. A lucky couple had a chance to win a bundle of cash and their choice of a new car or boat. To win, they had to successfully complete their Bonus Stunt. Like the original Bonus Stunt, the cash value started at $100, going up each time the stunt was not successfully completed. The largest cash bonus won on the daytime edition was $20,100 during its years on ABC, setting a record for daytime TV winnings in the post-scandal era.

 Stunts
The stunts performed on the show were mostly created by staff stunt writers Frank Wayne and Bob Howard. In the early days of the show, playwright Neil Simon was also a stunt writer. The stunts were usually aimed towards fun with difficulty being secondary. The stunts would usually be constructed out of common household props such as cardboard boxes, string, balloons, record players, dishes, cups, plates, cutlery, and balls of almost every type. As was the case with many other game shows during television's infancy, the budget was low.  Each stunt had to be thoroughly tested before it could be used on the show.

The stunts performed varied widely, but there were some common themes. Most stunts in some way involved physical speed or dexterity. Contestants often had to balance something with some part of their body, or race back and forth on the stage (for example, releasing a balloon, running across the stage to do some task, and running back in time to catch the balloon before it floated too high). Often the challenge was some form of target practice, in terms of throwing, rolling, bowling, etc.

The setup for the stunt was often designed to look easy but then have a complication or gimmick revealed. For example, Collyer would say "All you have to do is stack four plates", check the clock to see how much time they had to do it, and then add "Oh, and one more thing...you can't use your hands". Common twists included blindfolding one or both contestants, or telling them they could not use their hands (or feet or any body part that would be obvious to use for whatever the task was).

The other common element in the stunts was to get one of the contestants messy in some way often involving whipped cream, pancake batter, and such (usually limited to the husband of the couple). While it was not a part of every stunt, and sometimes it didn't even happen in an episode, it was common enough that when a couple brought a child on, Collyer would often ask what they thought the parents might have to do and the child would often respond "get whipped cream in their face". Many times the wife would be shown a task, be blindfolded, and then her husband would be quietly brought out and unknown to her she would be covering him with some sort of mess. When the mess was not hidden from the wife, Collyer would often jokingly tell the husband (who usually had a short haircut) that they would put a bathing cap on his head "to keep your long hair out of your eyes" before revealing what form of mess he would be involved with. Occasionally Collyer himself would get caught in the mess accidentally.

Technicality in the rules was not a major issue on the show. The goal was usually to make sure the contestants had fun. Collyer would often stop the clock in the middle of a stunt if the contestant(s) was struggling so he advised them on a better way to do the stunt. Often if a condition of the stunt was "don't use your hands," Collyer would ignore the first use of hands and just warn the contestant. If the time limit was nearly up on a task, he would often give them a few moments extra, or tell them if they started before the clock ran out and succeeded in that attempt, he would count it. Sometimes if a contestant had come close enough (for example, if they had to stack cups and saucers without the pile falling over, and the contestant knocked the pile over while putting the last cup on top), he would give them the stunt if they did not have time to do it again. If there was a problem with a prop breaking or running out of a supply, such as balloons, Collyer would simply give the stunt to the couple, citing it as the show's fault. Similarly, on the messy stunts, since the goal was just to mess up the husband, the time limit was often unimportant and the clock would be stopped when Bud felt the husband was messy enough.

 Prizes
Prizes varied depending on the era of the show and the sponsor at the time. During Sylvania's tenure as sponsor (which began in March 1951), consolation prizes for losing the $100 clock were usually a Sylvania radio.
 $100 clock prizes included Michael C. Fina silverware sets, a collection of four Knapp-Monarch small kitchen appliances, or a Hoover upright, among others.
 $200 clock prizes included International-Harvester refrigerators, air conditioning units (usually in the summer), a Tappan range/oven, a James dishwasher, Speed Queen washers and dryers (they were only offered separately) and small Sylvania TVs. All of these prizes, except the Sylvania radio, were shown on "art cards" and not actually brought out on the show.
 The Jackpot Prize during Sylvania's tenure was always a Sylvania television set. Sometimes a hi-fi stereo/phonograph (with "famous surround sound") was included with the television, and it was noted that the Jackpot Prize was "worth more than $500". A notable (and often pointed out) feature of Sylvania's TVs at the time was the "halo light", which was an illuminated "frame" around the image which was supposed to have made watching the image easier on the eyes, similar to the "AmbiLight" feature on some modern television sets.

The sets, as was the style at the time, were freestanding pieces of furniture that sat on legs on the floor with a speaker mounted below the screen. Various models were given away over the years—sometimes the same model several times in one episode, sometimes a different model each time the Jackpot was won in an episode. Roxanne (later Beverly) would pose with the TV which was revealed from behind a curtain in a small faux living room.

There were also various gifts given to the contestants just for appearing on the show. There was a Sylvania Beat the Clock home game produced which was given to contestants starting in the mid-50s. When it was novel, Collyer would open the box and explain that it would be fun for not just children but adults at parties, and he would point out the working clock and the instructions for stunts and all the props. Later in the run it would be brought out, shown and whisked away just as quickly. The boxes were reworked a few times, and there was a new edition released later in the run. Both versions were manufactured by Lowell Toy Mfg. Co. of New York, who produced a number of television-based home games at the time.

When children were brought on the show, there were special gifts. Starting on September 6, 1952, girls brought on the show were given a Roxanne doll that was produced at the time. On October 11, 1952, the Buck Rogers Space Ranger Kit was debuted for boys. In the mid-50s, each child was given a camera kit.

If contestants were involved in a messy stunt, Roxanne (later Beverly) would come out and take a picture. Initially it wasn't made clear how the couple would get the photo (perhaps mailed to them), but later in the run, the camera would be given to the couple in addition to any their children might already have been given. Collyer would explain that when they developed the film, the first photo would be that of the husband/couple.

From 1956 and for the rest of the show's run on CBS, the Jackpot Prizes usually consisted of a Magnavox Color TV, Fedders air conditioners (usually awarded as a pair), Westinghouse washer & dryer pairs, and refrigerators, Hardwick ranges, Whirlpool freezers, and Easy "Combomatic" combination washer-dryers.

 Episode status
Like many other shows of its day, the show was recorded using kinescope. There are even some mentions of this on the show, such as an incident when a contestant challenged a loss on the second Super Bonus Stunt, and the kinescope was used to confirm the result.

Like most kinescope recordings that have been put into current use, the films have been transferred to video tape. Some kinescopes or video tapes are lost or in too poor quality to broadcast so there are sometimes gaps in the available catalog of episodes.

Most of the first three years of the show (March 1950-July 1952) are presumed to be unavailable. GSN's catalog of episodes begins with the August 2, 1952 show, guest hosted by John Reed King. There are two episodes not part of GSN's catalog that predate that one:
 The October 13, 1951 show, a "public domain" episode, is possibly the oldest surviving episode in existence. This episode can be viewed on the Internet Archive.
 The January 5, 1952 show exists at the Paley Center for Media in New York City. It is believed to be the second-oldest surviving episode in existence.

It is not publicly known whether the daytime episodes (both CBS and ABC) are lost or damaged, but they are rarely seen. However, circulating amongst collectors is the daytime episode from September 23, 1960 with the $20,100 win in the Bonus Stunt. Also notable in this episode is that the Bonus Stunt hadn't been won for 51 weeks, and the couple who won it, Mr. and Mrs. Bill Hunt of Tolleson, Arizona, did so on their third attempt.

GSN had previously aired 1952–1958 episodes of the nighttime version, but they have not been seen on the channel since August 2006. Buzzr aired these episodes for a brief period before removing this version from its lineup.

 1969–1974
On September 15, 1969, Beat the Clock returned to television in five-day-a-week syndication. This series continued to air until September 20, 1974. For the first season (1969–1970), the show was taped at The Little Theatre on Broadway in New York City, sharing the stage with The Merv Griffin Show and The David Frost Show. After that, taping moved to Montreal, Quebec as a cost-saving measure. This was the only time Goodson-Todman taped a series in Canada that was not for a Canadian-specific audience. The show was broadcast by CTV in Canada.

Jack Narz hosted the first three seasons of the series before leaving and his announcer, Gene Wood, replaced him for the remainder of the run.

The music for this version of Beat the Clock was played live on the organ by keyboardist and arranger Dick Hyman.

 Jack Narz (1969–1972)
In early episodes, couples, now aided by a weekly celebrity guest, played for points simply by completing stunts. The first couple to reach 100 points won a prize package. This was subsequently changed to the couples receiving a prize every time they won, which was later replaced by the winning couple facing a "cash board" with "BEAT THE CLOCK" spelled out on three levels, each letter concealing a money amount: either $25 (4), $50 (5), $100 (2), or $200. The couple would agree on a letter, select it, and the winnings would be revealed.

In addition, if a couple completed a stunt in less than half the time, the remaining time would be used for awarding a cash bonus. Anywhere from $10 to $50 would be awarded for each time the stunt was completed in the time remaining.

At some point during the show, the celebrity would perform a "Solo Stunt" (which seemed to have supplanted the Bonus Stunt on the original show). The couples won $50 if they guessed correctly whether the star could beat the clock or vice versa. Towards the end of Narz's tenure as host, stunts would be replaced in the second half of the show with the celebrity playing a game of intuition with the couples, who would play for a cash prize that was divided among them.

During this time, the show was syndicated through 20th Century Fox Television. One curious aspect of this version of the show was that Narz's suit jackets sported an embroidered patch of the show's Beat The Clock logo sewn onto the left breast. This practice was similar to hosts Jim Lange and Bob Eubanks' wearing logo patches from The Dating Game and The Newlywed Game respectively, and also the scrambled "mystery logo" seen on Hugh Downs' (and later Bob Clayton's) blazer when they hosted Concentration.

 Gene Wood (1972–1974)
Jack Narz left the show in 1972. At the time, he made no announcement and gave no reason for his departure. In a 2007 Internet radio interview, Narz finally explained that the show's budget did not include his personal travel expenses. Narz had to pay for his travel, and the cost of airline fare between his Los Angeles home and Montreal became prohibitive. His travel costs were essentially equal to his earnings, and even a successful appeal to Mark Goodson for more money was not enough.

Announcer Gene Wood hosted the show for the next two seasons. Wood had also been hosting a similar stunt game titled Anything You Can Do, a battle of the sexes competition which was also recorded in Canada. CFCF-TV Montreal staff announcer Nick Hollinrake became the show's announcer (he had previously announced for a week during Narz's final season in which Wood was the celebrity guest). At this time, the show also changed syndicators to Firestone Syndication Services, which syndicated another Goodson-Todman show, To Tell the Truth, which had originally been hosted by Bud Collyer.

The show was now called The New Beat the Clock (although the logo still read simply "Beat the Clock"), and the set was refreshed with a new color scheme and a redesigned clock. Like his predecessor, Wood also wore suit jackets with the show's logo sewn on the pockets.

The only changes in the format were that couples were introduced separately and played two stunts, win or lose (a win still getting a trip to the Cash Board), and both couples competed simultaneously in a final stunt, with the winning couple receiving a prize. Celebrity guests were retained in the new format, once again aiding the contestants, and performing the Solo Stunt as well as "co-judge" with Wood in the final stunt of the day. Another throwback to the Collyer era (when the show was seen in the daytime) was the revival of "Ladies' Day", where women only (not counting the celebrity for that week) would play the game.

Despite continued popularity on local stations in both daytime and prime time access timeslots, Goodson-Todman decided to discontinue production of Beat the Clock in 1974 when the Canadian government asked the company for half of the proceeds from advertisers awarding their wares as contestant consolation prizes. Wood returned to voice-over work, and went on to a 20-year career announcing Los Angeles-based shows for Goodson-Todman and occasionally other packagers.

 Episode status
Some episodes of this series are intact and have aired on GSN. Two episodes from the Narz era were aired in late 2005 to pay tribute to Bob Denver and Louis Nye, both of whom had recently died. An episode featuring Tom Kennedy (Narz's brother) aired on June 11, 2007.

In January 2007, a Gene Wood episode aired which featured William Shatner. Another episode aired on October 22, 2007, featuring Dick Clark. At least three episodes were also aired featuring Richard Dawson (with whom Wood was eventually paired on Family Feud).

 1979–1980
In 1979, CBS elected to bring the series back as All-New Beat the Clock for its daytime schedule. Production moved to CBS Television City, taping in Studio 31 and marking the first time a Beat the Clock series originated from Los Angeles. The series premiered on September 17, 1979, at 10:00a.m., replacing reruns of All in the Family in the time period, preceding Whew!. Monty Hall, who had not hosted a game show his company did not produce since he was host of Heatter-Quigley's Video Village, was the emcee for the series while former host of the 1970s syndicated series, Jack Narz, served as his announcer and a series producer. The show faced competition from NBC's Card Sharks. (ABC did not start programming until 11:00a.m.)

There were two theme songs used (both composed by Score Productions). The second one was performed live in the studio by a small band led by Arthur B. Rubinstein.

Two couples, one usually a returning champion, competed against each other and the clock. The champion couple (or champion-designate if the previous episode had ended with a retiring champion couple) wore red sweaters while the opposing couple wore green.

 Rounds 1 and 2
The first two rounds began with the couples competing against each other in a stunt worth $500 for the winner. One stunt usually featured the women of the couples, while the other featured the men, though the other partner sometimes had to help as well. The stunts were conducted for 60 seconds and were either races against the clock to perform an objective or competitions to outscore the opponent in the stunt before the clock ran out. In the former case, the clock was run as a fail safe, and if neither couple managed to complete the stunt, the team furthest along won.

Hall would then bring the winning couple across the stage to compete in a stunt by themselves for an additional $500. After Hall described the stunt and what both partners had to do, the clock was set and the couple had to complete the stunt in the allotted time. Doing so won the $500, but failure to do so did not.

 Bonus Shuffle
After the first two rounds, both teams squared off in a modified table shuffleboard game called the "Bonus Shuffle".

The teams took turns throwing pucks down the shuffleboard table. The team leading had the advantage of throwing three pucks and going first, followed by the other team with two pucks. If there was a tie, a coin was tossed with the winners going first and there were two pucks per side. The table had eight stripes on it, and each stripe had a higher dollar amount on it. The first stripe was worth $300 and each subsequent stripe was worth $100 more, with the stripe at the very end of the table worth $1,000. There was just enough space in between the stripes where a puck could land and not score any money. Pucks had to remain on the table to count, and if a puck failed to reach the first stripe it was taken off the board and discarded. The teams were allowed to try to knock each other's pucks off the board if they so desired but did so at their own risk, as they could just as easily knock their own puck off the board or push a puck up the board and onto a higher value.

The team whose puck was furthest along on the board after all pucks had been thrown won the money attached to the space their puck was touching and became the day's champions. They then moved on to play the Bonus Stunt for ten times the amount of their Bonus Shuffle total. In the event of a tie, each team threw one puck. The first puck's landing spot was marked and the other team had to beat the mark to win.

 Bonus Stunt
The Bonus Stunt round was conducted the same way as the solo stunts were. Hall would give the objective of the Bonus Stunt to the champion couple, then the clock would be set and the couple had to complete the stunt before time ran out. If they did so, as previously mentioned, they won ten times their Bonus Shuffle score for a maximum of $10,000 and a new Bonus Stunt would be played on the next show. If a Bonus Stunt was played five consecutive times without a couple managing to complete it, the stunt would be replaced with a new one.

Couples continued to appear until they were either defeated or surpassed $25,000 in total winnings. A team could win up to $13,000 in one day if they managed to win all four stunts in the main game, score $1,000 in the Bonus Shuffle, and win the Bonus Stunt.

 The All-New All-Star Beat The Clock
On November 5, 1979, the show switched to an all-celebrity format. The changes that were made included:
 Celebrity pairs played for designated rooting sections (a la Tattletales, another Goodson-Todman game of the 1970s) of the audience which split the winnings. (Also, someone in "the winning rooting section" won a set of prizes, which were the "consolation prizes" in the non-celebrity part of the run.)
 Both rooting sections could be seen on-camera.
 Stunts in the first two rounds were only worth $250 for the rooting sections.
 If the winning team completed the bonus stunt, $1,000 went to their rooting section while the remaining money went to their favorite charity (thus, the most money a celebrity team could win for their rooting section in a single day was $3,000 and a possible $9,000 to their charity).
 Both star teams remained on the show for a week. The pairings stayed the same on four of the five days, with the teams changing colors (the red team on Monday and Thursday was the green team on Tuesday and Friday). On Wednesdays, the teams switched, although still one man and one woman per team.
 In case of a tie going into the Bonus Shuffle, a coin toss determined who went first.
 In the last two weeks of the run, after each head-to-head stunt, both teams got to perform the next stunt, with the losing team from the previous stunt going first. If both teams performed this stunt within the time limit, whoever did it faster got the $250.
 The theme song was now an upbeat version of the first one used in its run (it was previously used going into and out of the commercials of the earlier episodes), and was performed live in the studio.

 Episode status
This series exists in its entirety. The Christmas episode with Ronnie Schell, Joyce Bulifant, Johnny Brown, and Patti Deutsch has aired on GSN in the past during Christmas-themed marathons. The series aired on GSN between September 10, 2007, and September 2008 in a late Saturday and Sunday night slot but was pulled from the schedule after beginning the final week. On November 12, 2008, it returned to the GSN lineup weeknights at 2:00a.m., replacing Trivia Trap. It last aired January 3, 2009.

Buzzr has also carried the Hall version of Beat the Clock on a sporadic basis.

 2002–2003
This version, the show's previous appearance other than the Gameshow Marathon special, aired daily from September 2, 2002, to September 4, 2003, on PAX TV (the first week of shows was called a "preview week"). Taped in Universal Studios Florida, three couples competed in this version with no returning champions. The couples were distinguished by color—red, blue, and gold.

 Round 1
To start the game, all three couples faced off in a stunt. The first couple to complete the stunt got 10 points and the advantage of having to play a 30-second solo stunt first, as well as the ability to assign the stunts to the other teams—prior to gameplay the couple was shown 3 items on a tray that represented the stunts themselves, picked one for themselves to play, and divided the other two among the remaining players.

Before the playing of each stunt, a two-part trivia question was asked. Answering it correctly gave the team 10 extra seconds to complete the stunt and both parts had to be answered correctly, one by each player, in order to get those 10 seconds. 10 points were given for completing the stunt with one additional point for each second remaining on the clock (for example, if a couple completed a stunt with three seconds remaining, they scored 13 points for the round).

 Round 2
The second round consisted of two parts. The first part was another face-off stunt, i.e. trying to throw a ring around a pole the other player is wearing on their head. In a stunt like this, the first place couple's ring tosser would be closest to their partner, the second place couple would be slightly further back, and the third place couple would be the furthest back (the first place couple was always given an advantage, with the second having less of one and the third the least). Play continued until two of the couples completed the stunt, with those two teams continuing on.

The two remaining couples were then shown the stunt they would have to attempt. After the stunt was described, another trivia question was asked. In this case, the female half of the couple was given the option to answer it, have her partner answer it, or pass it to the other team to make them answer. If the couple answered correctly they would be given control, but if they did not the opponents did. The two couples then bid down from a base time of two minutes to see who could complete the stunt in the fastest amount of time, and bidding continued until one team challenged the other to beat the clock. The stunt was then played, and if the challenged couple completed it they won the game and advanced to the bonus game. If they were not successful, the challenging couple won the game.

 Bonus Round ("The Swirling Whirlwind of Cash and Prizes")
The winning couple played the "Swirling Whirlwind of Cash and Prizes", which took place inside a machine similar to a vertical wind tunnel. $25,000 in cash was inside the machine, as well as several "prize vouchers" (coloured slips of paper with the names of prizes written on them). Several more vouchers would be tossed into the machine prior to the start of the round.

Once inside the machine, both players tried to grab as much money and prize vouchers as they could within a 1-minute time limit. For protection, the couple was equipped with goggles and gloves that they wore while in the machine.  There were three rules that had to be followed at all times. One, only items that were in the air could be grabbed and neither teammate could bend over and pick anything up from the ground; however, if any vouchers or cash had somehow gotten stuck in a pile they were permitted to kick the pile to get it loose. Two, each item that they grabbed had to be placed in a bag which the male partner wore around his waist in order to be counted. Three, once the clock stopped the couple both had to stop whatever they were doing and raise their hands in the air. Later in the run, several gold certificates were added to the machine and if the couple picked one up, the cash they had grabbed would be doubled. (If the couple somehow picked up more than one, only one was counted.)

The "swirling whirlwind" was previously used in the bonus round of The Diamond Head Game, a show hosted by Bob Eubanks in 1975.

 2018
On October 12, 2017, Universal Kids announced that it had ordered a revival of Beat the Clock from FremantleMedia North America, which premiered on February 6, 2018. The new version (taped in Los Angeles, making it the second version taped there) features children and adults competing as teams and was hosted by Paul Costabile.

 Game Format
Two teams of two kids or one kid and their adult relative, one dressed in purple and the other dressed in green, compete in a race against time filled with stunts & challenges. There are three rounds of stunts.

The first round is worth $100/stunt and the second round is worth $150/stunt. The third and final round is a head-to-head challenge for $300 for a possible grand total of $550. Both teams get to keep the cash, but the team with the most money at the end of round three wins the game and goes on to try and Beat The Big Clock for over $2,000. In the event of a tie, whoever completes the task first, or does the most tasks within the time limit in the head-to-head wins. If neither teams complete the challenge and are still tied, whoever has the most money wins.

 The Big Clock
The winning team has 60 seconds to complete one final four-part stunt. Each part completed is worth $250, and completing all four parts wins the team $2,000, along with a $1,000 donation to a children's charity of the team's choice.

 International versions

1Aired in both U.S. and Canada for both markets

 See also
 Minute to Win It''

References

External links
 Beat the Clock (1950) at IMDb
 Beat the Clock (1969) at IMDb
 Beat the Clock (1979) at IMDb
 Beat the Clock (2002) at IMDb
 Beat the Clock (2018) at IMDb

CBS original programming
American Broadcasting Company original programming
PAX TV original programming
Universal Kids original programming
1950s American game shows
1950 American television series debuts
1961 American television series endings
1960s American game shows
1969 American television series debuts
1974 American television series endings
1970s American game shows
1979 American television series debuts
1980 American television series endings
1980s American game shows
2000s American game shows
2002 American television series debuts
2003 American television series endings
2010s American children's game shows
2018 American television series debuts
2019 American television series endings
Television series by Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions
Television series by CBS Studios
Television series by Fremantle (company)
Television series by 20th Century Fox Television
Black-and-white American television shows
English-language television shows
American television series revived after cancellation

Beat the Clock


Necdet Ergün (d. 5 Mayıs 1954, Sivas), Türk eski millî futbolcu, futbol antrenörü. Trabzonspor ve Beşiktaş futbol takımın unutulmaz sağ açıklarındandır. 80'li yılların ilk yarısında unutulmaz maçlar çıkarmıştır. Bu maçlardan birinde topu elle düzelterek rakip ceza alanına girmesi sonucunda Gırgır dergisinin o haftaki sayısında Necdet beye el kramponu tasarımlı bir karikatüre konu olmuştur.

Futbolculuk kariyeri

Kulüp takımları kariyeri
Futbola Anadolu Üsküdar takımda başladı. Boluspor'da profesyonel oldu ve oynadığı futbolla dikkatleri çekti. Trabzonspor'a transfer olarak bu takımın efsane kadrosu içinde yer aldı. 1979 yılında Beşiktaş'a transfer oldu. Beşiktaş'ta da 1981/1982 ve 1985/1986 sezonlarında şampiyon kadro içinde yer aldı. 1986 yılındaki şampiyonluk sonrası futbolu bıraktı.

Millî takım kariyeri
14 kez millî formayı giydi.

Başarıları
Trabzonspor
 Süper Lig: 1978-79
 Türkiye Kupası: 1977-78
 Başbakanlık Kupası: 1978
 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası: 1977, 1978

Beşiktaş
 Süper Lig: 1981-82, 1985-86
 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kupası: 1986

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1954 doğumlular
Sivas doğumlu futbolcular
Türk erkek futbolcular
Resim aranan futbolcular
Trabzonspor futbolcuları
Beşiktaş JK futbolcuları
Bağcılar SK futbolcuları
Türkiye millî futbol takımı futbolcuları
Süper Lig futbolcuları
Yaşayan insanlar
Forvet futbolcular
Kanat futbolcuları

Necdet Ergün


Okrug al-Bab () je okrug u sirijskoj pokrajini Alep. Po popisu iz 2004. (prije rata), okrug je imao 201.587 stanovnika. Administrativno sjedište je u gradu al-Bab.

Nahije
Okrug je podijeljen u nahije (broj stanovnika se odnosi na popis iz 2004.):

Izvori

Sirijski okruzi
Pokrajina Alep

Al-Bab (okrug)


A Lavra da Dormição da Mãe de Deus de Pochaeve (russo: Свято-успенская почаевская лавра, Sviato-Ouspenskaya Potchaevskaya Lavra; ucraniano: Почаївська Свято-успенська лавра, Potchaïvs'ka Sviato-Ouspens'ka Lavra) é um mosteiro ortodoxo com o status de Lavra em Pochaiv, Oblast de Ternopil, Ucrânia. O maior complexo de templos ortodoxos e mosteiro na Ucrânia Ocidental e o segundo na Ucrânia depois da Lavra de Kiev-Pechersk. Até 23 de novembro de 2018, pertencia à diocese de Ternopil e Kremenets da Igreja Ortodoxa Ucraniana, mas o Ministério da Justiça da Ucrânia cancelou sua decisão de 2003 de transferir o complexo e o devolveu à Reserva Histórica e Arquitetônica do Estado de Kremenets-Pochaev.

Referências
Edifícios religiosos da Ucrânia
Igreja Ortodoxa Ucraniana

Lavra de Pochaeve


Mol, Belçika'da Flaman Bölgesi'nin Anvers ilinde bir kasabadır. Nüfusu 32.500'ün üzerindedir. Merkez, Achterbos, Donk, Ezaart, Ginderbuiten, Gompel, Heidehuizen, Millegem, Rauw, Sluis, Wezel ve Postel olmak üzere 12 ayrı bölgeden oluşmaktadır. Mol'a sınırı olan yerler arasında Lommel, Balen, Meerhout, Geel, Retie, Dessel ve Hollanda bulunur.

Anvers ilindeki belediyeler

Mol, Belçika


An Warczewiczella ionoleuca in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Schltr.. An Warczewiczella ionoleuca in nahilalakip ha genus nga Warczewiczella, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Warczewiczella

Warczewiczella ionoleuca


Sabirabad er en rajon af Aserbajdsjan, hvis hovedstad ligger ved krydset mellem Aras-dæmningen og Kura-floderne. Sabirabad er dets administrative center. Det lavtliggende område er afhængigt af kanaler og dæmninger, hvis skader i 2010 forårsagede farvande fra søen Sarisu til at oversvømme flere af regionens landsbyer.

Der er statslige samfundsøkonomiske kollegium, erhvervsskole, 85 generelle uddannelsesskoler, 22 børnehaver og out-of-school uddannelsesinstitutioner. 126 sundhedsydelser og 77 sundhedsfaciliteter tjener befolkningen. Grundlaget for økonomien i regionen er landbrug og industri.

Se også
 Qalaqayın

Aserbajdsjans geografi

Sabirabad (distrikt)


Jamaat Ansar al-Sunnah (), also known as Jaish Ansar al-Sunna (Army of the Helpers of Sunnah), Ali ibn Abi Talib Battalion or simply as Ansar al-Sunnah was an Iraqi Sunni insurgent group that fought against US troops and their local allies during the Iraq War. The group was primarily based in northern and central Iraq, and included mostly Iraqi (including Arab and Kurdish) fighters. In 2007, it split; with its Kurdish members pledging allegiance to Ansar al-Islam, and its Arab members creating a group called Ansar al-Sunnah Shariah Committee, before changing its name to Ansar al-Ahlu Sunnah in 2011.

The group has been a Proscribed Organisation in the United Kingdom under the Terrorism Act 2000 since 14 October 2005.

History
The group was founded in September 2003, as an umbrella organization for guerrillas, with former members of Ansar al-Islam who had fled to Iran after a 2003 joint operation by Iraqi and US forces. Their goal was to expel U.S. occupation forces from Iraq.

Following the twin Sunni and Shiite uprisings of the spring and summer of 2004, and the subsequent decrease in U.S patrols and the creation of "no-go" areas in the Sunni Triangle, Ansar al-Sunna was believed to be part of a loose coalition of insurgent groups (also including guerrillas from al-Tawhid wal Jihad) controlling the Sunni cities of Fallujah, Ramadi, Samarra, and Baquba (U.S. offensives later largely wrested control from Baquba, Fallujah, and Samarra, although underground guerrilla resistance forces still had a strong presence in those cities).

The United States and Iraqi Interim governments linked Ansar al-Sunna with Abu Musab al-Zarqawi's, Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (al-Qaeda in Iraq). In October 2004 Ansar al-Sunna released a video beheading of a Turkish truck driver on its website. The kidnappers on the video identified themselves as members of al-Tawhid wal Jihad (Source: MERIA). However a letter intercepted by the American military in January 2007 revealed the two groups had begun feuding.

In July 2007 representatives of the Jaish Ansar al-Sunna were instrumental in forming an alliance of Sunni militant groups to prepare for the withdrawal of American and allied forces. The new alliance was composed of seven groupings explicitly excluding al-Qaeda and the Baath-party. This delimitation revealed a split between al-Qaeda and Ansar al-Sunna over tactics, alleged attacks on Iraqi Shia civilians being a main point of difference.

In December 2007, the leader of the Ansar al-Sunnah, Abu Abdullah al-Shafi, issued a communique acknowledging that the group was simply another name for Ansar al-Islam. The communique went on to state that from that point on, they would return to operating under the name of Ansar al-Islam.

A small group still using the name "Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna" has been active in the surge of militant activity in 2014.

Suicide bombings
Jaish Ansar al-Sunna claimed responsibility for several suicide bombings in Iraq, including the devastating attacks on the offices of two main Kurdish political parties, KDP and PUK, in Irbil on February 1, 2004, that killed at least 109 people. The strikes were one of the bloodiest attacks launched by insurgents since the start of the war.

It produced tapes and CDs that marked the "last testaments" of six bombers from previous attacks, three of whom appeared non-Iraqi. Its name also appeared with eleven other insurgent groups on leaflets passed out in the Sunni Triangle cities of Ramadi and Fallujah from January 31, 2004 to February 1, 2004. The leaflets detailed the insurgency's plan for seizing Iraqi cities following the departure of coalition forces.

It also had a strong presence in Mosul where it launched an offensive in November 2004 along with other foreign fighters and militant groups. After the Battle of Mosul (2004) the group maintained pockets of resistance in the western part of the city. It continued to clash with units such as the 1st Battalion, 25th Infantry Regiment and it claimed responsibility for a major suicide bombing of the dining hall at the US base in Mosul on December 21, 2004 that killed 22 people, including 14 American soldiers. The attacker was reportedly a suicide bomber wearing an explosive vest under the uniform of an Iraqi security officer. The suicide bomber's name was Abu Museli.

See also
 List of armed groups in the Iraqi Civil War
 Ansar al-Islam
 Iraqi insurgency

Further reading
 al-Marashi, I. (2004) "Iraq's Hostage Crisis: Kidnappings, Mass Media and The Iraqi Insurgency" Middle East Review of International Affairs. Vol 8, No.4.
 MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base (2006) "Ansar al-Sunnah Army"
 Splits in 2007 "Ansar al-Sunnah Shariah"

References

Factions in the Iraq War
Groups affiliated with al-Qaeda
Iraq War
Guerrilla organizations
Politics of Iraq
Organisations designated as terrorist by the United Kingdom
Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist
Rebel groups in Iraq
Paramilitary organizations based in Iraq
2003 establishments in Iraq
2007 disestablishments in Iraq

Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna


Christian Caleb Fortune (nacido el 12 de julio de 1991) es un actor estadounidense nacido en Pasadena, California en Estados Unidos.

Vida y carrera
Christian Fortune interpretó el papel de lanzador de Biloxi en The Perfect Game

Debido a un problema de financiamiento, la película tuvo que suspenderse tras solo un par de semanas de rodaje. Cuando fueron capaces de empezar de nuevo unos meses más tarde, Fortune fue uno de los niños que habían experimentado un crecimiento acelerado y todas las escenas con ellos tuvieron que ser re-filmadas.

Durante el rodaje Christian se convirtió en no solo un compañero de equipo, sino que también construyeron una amistad con el también actor Jake T. Austin. En su tiempo libre ambos producen y dirigen sus propias producciones en YouTube.

En 2011, Fortune apareció en el vídeo musical Jasmine V como su exnovio.

Filmografía

Televisión

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Actores de Estados Unidos

Christian Fortune


NAC may refer to:

Arts
 National Arts Centre, Canada
 National Arts Club, New York, United States
 National Arts Council, Singapore, a statutory board of the Singapore government
 Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe, Polish National Digital Archives
 New adult contemporary, a name once used for the smooth jazz radio format

Aviation
 NAC Air, a former Native owned air carrier, Canada
 NAC Fieldmaster, British agricultural aircraft
 NAC, the IATA code for Naracoorte Airport in South Australia, Australia
 Namibia Airports Company, operator of eight airports in Namibia
 National Air Communications, a British government organisation 1939–1940
 National Airways Corporation (South Africa), a South African commercial aviation company
 Nauru Air Corporation, the national airline of the Pacific island Republic of Nauru
 New Zealand National Airways Corporation, the former national domestic airline of New Zealand
 Northern Air Cargo, a cargo airline based in Anchorage, Alaska, U.S.

Organisations

Companies
 NAC Architecture, a U.S. design firm
 Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation, a Chinese subsidiary of SAIC
 Nickel Asia Corporation, largest producer of nickel ore in the Philippines
 Nordic Aviation Capital, Danish based airline lessor
 North American Communications, a defunct U.S. direct mailer

Education
 Nakanihon Automotive College, a private junior college in Sakahogi, Gifu, Japan
 National Academy of Construction, an Indian college
 Nowra Anglican College, an Anglican College based in Nowra, Australia
 Nunavut Arctic College, a nursing school in Canada

Politics
 New Administrative Capital, the new capital center being built to replace Cairo as Egypt's government center
 National Aboriginal Conference, Australian governmental body 1973–1985
 National Administrative Council, former governing body of the Independent Labour Party in the UK
 National Advisory Council, an advisory body set up to monitor the implementation of the UPA government's manifesto in India
 New Agenda Coalition, an international group advocating nuclear disarmament
 North Atlantic Council, the most senior political governing body of NATO
 Nyasaland African Congress, a political party in Malawi

Religion
 Native American Church, the most widespread indigenous religion among Native Americans
 New Apostolic Church, a chiliastic church
 Pontifical North American College, an American seminary in Rome, Italy

Other organizations
 National Abortion Campaign, a former UK campaigning group for abortion rights
 National Action Committee on the Status of Women, a Canadian feminist activist organization
 National Agricultural Centre, now renamed Stoneleigh Park, UK

Media
 NAC TV, Neepawa, Manitoba, Canada
 Newspaper Agency Corporation, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S

Science and technology

Medicine
 N-Acetylcarnosine, a compound related to carnosine
 N-Acetylcysteine, a medication
 Nucleus accumbens, a region in the brain
 N-Acetyl as in GlcNAc and GalNAc

Other science and technology
 Natural Area Code, a geocode system
 Network Access Code, for public safety radios
 Network Access Control
 Network Admission Control
 North Atlantic Current

Sports

Netherlands
 NAC Basketbal, basketball club based in Breda, Netherland
 NAC Breda, football club from Breda, Netherlands
 NAC Stadion, a multi-use stadium in Breda, Netherlands

United States
 Nashville Athletic Club, a sports club for young men in Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
 North Atlantic Conference, a U.S. collegiate athletic conference based in New England, U.S.
 Northern Athletics Conference, former name of the U.S. collegiate athletic conference based in the Midwest U.S.

Other places
 CA Oradea, football club based in Oradea, Bihor County, Romania
 Nacional Atlético Clube (disambiguation), several Brazilian football teams
 National Aquatic Centre, indoor aquatics facility in Blanchardstown, Dublin, Ireland
 North America Challenge, a laser tag competition in the US and Canada

Other uses
 Nam Cheong station, of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR), Hong Kong
 New Atlantic Charter, a 2021 agreement between the UK and US
 North America and the Caribbean, see List of country groupings
 North American Confederacy, a fictional government in the novel The Probability Broach by L. Neil Smith
 Notified Area Council or nagar panchayat, one of the three types of urban system in India

See also

 NACS (disambiguation)
 Knack (disambiguation)
 Nack (disambiguation)
 Nach (disambiguation)
 Nakh (disambiguation)
 Nak (disambiguation)
 naq (disambiguation)

NAC


Nevoľné este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Žiar nad Hronom din regiunea Banská Bystrica. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 415 locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Nevoľné este atestată documentar din 1487.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Nevoľné


Muhajir or Mohajir (, ; pl. , ) is an Arabic word meaning migrant (see immigration and emigration) which is also used in other languages spoken by Muslims, including English. In English, this term and its derivatives may refer in a general sense to individuals or groups, including the following incomplete list:

Social groups
Muhajir (Pakistan), Indian Muslims and their descendants who migrated to Pakistan after the Partition of India in August 1947
Muhacir (Turkish variant), Ottoman Muslims who emigrated to Anatolia from the late 18th century until the end of the 20th century
Muhajirun, the early Muslims (Muhammad and his companions) who migrated from Mecca to Medina in modern-day Saudi Arabia
Muhaxhir (Albanians), Ottoman Albanian communities that left their homes as refugees or were transferred because of various wars

Organizations
Al-Muhajiroun, a banned Salafi Islamic jihadist terrorist network that was formerly based in the United Kingdom

Vehicles
Qods Mohajer, Arabic for "sacred migrant"

People
Al-Muhajir ibn Abi Umayya (), early Muslim commander
Muhajir ibn Khalid (died 657), partisan of Caliph Ali
Abu al-Muhajir Dinar (died 683), governor of Ifriqiya (North Africa) under the Umayyad Caliphate
Ismail ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi al-Muhajir (), governor of Ifriqiya (North Africa) under the Umayyad Caliphate
Ahmad al-Muhajir (873–956), progenitor of the Sadah Ba 'Alawi group of Hadhrami Sayyid families
Abu Hamza al-Muhajir (1968–2010), leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq after June 2006
Abdullah al-Muhajir, alias of José Padilla (born 1970), U.S. citizen who was convicted of aiding terrorists in 2007
Abu Sulayman al-Muhajir (born 1984), senior member of al-Qaeda's Al-Nusra Front
Muhadjir Effendy (born 1956), 28th Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture

See also
Christian emigration
 Exodus (disambiguation)
 Jewish refugees

Muhajir


Bijeli Lotos Kempo je škola kempa čija loza učitelja potječe od Mushindo Kempo.
Na čelu škole je O'Sensei Ensan Tomio (Darko Jambrović) s preko 40 godina iskustva u vježbanju Kempa.
Škola je aktivna u Hrvatskoj zadnjih 20 godina (od 1997.) i tijekom tog vremena je obučeno 9 učitelja (jap. sensei) i 12 starijih učenika (jap. sempai), a preko 200 ljudi je položilo za određeni stupanj (kyu).

U školi Bijeli Lotos se smatra da je kempo vrhunski alat za utjelovljenje Bijeli Lotos učenja.

Bijeli Lotos kao škola kempa otjelovljuje dijelove tradicionalnog učenja, korijene kojeg, se mogu pronaći u drevnoj Indiji i Kini gdje se vještina upražnjavala primarno kao način ujedinjenja uma i tijela, metoda buđenja i usklađenja energije, postignuće i održavanja mirnoće i sklada.

Škola Bijeli Lotos provodi i kontinuirano traži podršku u projektu "Stop nasilju" - koji je emitiran na nacionalnoj televiziji (HRT).
Televizijska kuća TV Plus je također napravila prilog o Bijeli Lotos Kempu.
Bijeli Lotos Kempo "ratnik" je svaki pojedinac koji iznad svega cijeni i poštuje sam život, te vidi rođenje u ljudskom obliku kao priliku koju ne treba olako propustiti, ozbiljno je svjestan prolaznosti te prilike.

Tijekom postojanja škole Bijeli Lotos napravljen je velik niz seminara i prezentacija koji su bili otovoreni svim građanima za praksu, meditaciju, masažu i sam trening.

Bijeli Lotos Kempo je preuzeo na sebe velik i zahtjevan zadatak, a to je prijenos i prilagodba učenja iz jednog podneblja i tradicije u drugu (istok/Okinawa - zapad/Europa). Bijeli Lotos škola kempa nastoji ispraviti pogreške u usmjerenju i samom učenju koje su primarno zbog povijesnih razloga učinjene već na istoku, a još više osnažene u mnogim modernim školama na Zapadu. Bijeli Lotos učenje uči praktikanata da svojim životom i ponašanjem prezentira odrednice izvornih majstora. Bijeli Lotos Kempo izbjegava dogmatizam, slijepu poslušnost, idolopoklonstvo i stvaranje kulta učitelja, kao i suvišno mistificiranje samog učenja tamo gdje to nije potrebno. Radi se o učenju koje je prilagođeno i usavršeno za današnjeg čovjeka ovog podneblja i tradicije.

Komentari ljudi koji se prvi put susretnu s Bijeli Lotos Kempom su oprečni - neki govore: "To je vrlo brutalna borilačka vještina", a drugi pak: "To uopće nije borilačka vještina".
Prema smjernicama škole Bijeli Lotos, njeguje se stil vježbanja, primjena i usmjerenje koje imaju za cilj kroz borilaštvo i trening poboljšati osobu u cjelini - tjelesno i mentalno.

Trening Bijeli Lotos škole kempa uključuje:
 vještinu nenasilne samoobrane
 respiratorno-energetski trening
 mentalni trening usmjeren na pokret i integraciju cijelog bića

U školi Bijeli Lotos na kempo se prije svega gleda kao na put (jap. Do), put kojim se nekud želi stići. Odredište kempo puta je postignuće unutrašnjeg stanja u kojem vladaju mir, sklad i mudrost.

Prema učenju škole Bijeli Lotos - taj put je zahtjevan i traje koliko i naš život, a pri tome ga čineći zdravijim, ispunjenijim i smislenijim.
On nam omogućava spoznavanje i otkrivanje tajni vezanih uz naše tijelo, osjećaje, naše viđenje sebe i života, te raznih vrlo suptilnih sastavnica našega uma.

Trenutno su aktivna dva Dojo-a (jap Do - Put; Jo - mjesto) u Zagrebu.

Izvori

Šport u Hrvatskoj
Borilačke vještine i športovi
Športska društva

Bijeli Lotos Kempo


Halton est une Paroisse civile située dans l'ancien district de Aylesbury Vale dans le Buckinghamshire.

En 2010 sa population était de .

On y trouve un musée d'histoire militaire, le Trenchard Museum.

Liens externes

Ville dans le Buckinghamshire

Halton (Buckinghamshire)


La Revolución liberal de 1842 (en portugués: Revolução Liberal de 1842) fueron dos movimientos liberales sucedidos en el Imperio del Brasil.

Antecedentes
Cuando el emperador Pedro II asumió el trono en 1840 las rebeliones de los balaiados y farrapos no habían sido sometidas aún.

El Consejo de Ministros estaba dominado por conservadores que llevaron a cabo reformas en 1841 que llevaron a una agitación social contra su centralismo incentivadas por los liberales. Ante el clima de anarquía el gobierno imperial intentó llevar a cabo reformas con las que dejar contentos a los liberales pero estas fueron bloqueadas por los conservadores que empezaron a exigir que se impusiera el orden contra los revoltosos.

Finalmente ante la represión gubernamental en la ciudad paulista de Sorocaba se alzó el brigadier Rafael Tobias de Aguiar (1795-1857), quien había precedido la provincia dos veces antes (1831-1835 y 1840-1841) y que era muy popular, en la mañana del 17 de mayo de 1842. El movimiento revolucionario se expandió rápidamente por toda la provincia, sobre todo el interior como Itu, Faxina (Itapeva), Porto Feliz, Itapetininga e Capivari, y a Minas Gerais.

Revolución en São Paulo
Aquel mismo día Tobias de Aguiar ocupó el Ayuntamiento de la ciudad y fue proclamado presidente interino de la provincia y la ciudad su capital provisional, nombró sus oficiales y declaró nulas las leyes de los conservadores. Tras esto organizó la Columna Libertadora compuesta por 1.500 y marchó hacia São Paulo para derrocar al Presidente de la provincia, José da Costa Carvalho, barón de Monte Alegre. El senador y sacerdote Diogo Antônio Feijó les dio su apoyo y se ocupó del gobierno de la zona mientras el general iba de campaña.

Pero Monte Alegre reaccionó rápido y solicitó ayuda al ministro de guerra, José Clemente Pereira, quien envió al general de brigada Luis Alves de Lima e Silva, marqués de Caxias, al mando de la policía de Río de Janeiro y tropas de la Corte imperial, 8.000 hombres, quien parte de la capital por mar y llega al puerto de Santos el 21 de mayo y poco después a São Paulo.

Las fuerzas libraron escaramuzas en Campinas y en la batalla de Venda Grande (7 de junio) los rebeldes comandados por el capitán Antônio Manuel Teixeira fueron aplastados y su comandante muerto. Caxias se dedicó entonces a perseguir a los vencidos. El día 13 el general Tobias fue capturado a orillas del río Barueri mientras intentaba dirigirse a Río Grande del Sur. El 20 cayó Sorocaba y Feijó fue arrestado. Tanto el sacerdote como el brigadier fueron enviados a Río de Janeiro.

Tras ocho días lanza una campaña contra los demás focos rebeldes y para el 8 de julio con la región en paz decide volver a Río de Janeiro.

Revolución en Minas Gerais
En la provincia de Minas Gerais estalló la rebelión el 10 de junio en Barbacena que fue escogida como sede del gobierno revolucionario. Se proclamó a José Feliciano Pinto Coelho da Cunha (después barón de Cocais) como Presidente de la provincia. Entre el 4 y 26 de julio unos 1.300 rebeldes al mando del coronel Antônio Nunes Galvão fueron vencidos tras la sangrienta batalla de Queluz (actual Conselheiro Lafaiete) frente a 700 soldados gubernamentales dirigidos por los coroneles Manoel Alves de Toledo Ribas y Manoel Carlos de Gusmão. El primer día de batalla los rebeldes toman el pueblo y se atrincheran en él. Rechazan un primer ataque de las tropas imperiales el 15 de julio pero son expulsados el 26 y cuando intentan recuperarlo son repelidos con más de 50 muertos y 200 prisioneros.

Caxias, que volvía victorioso de São Paulo a la capital imperial, fue enviado con tropas a someter a los liberales el 6 de agosto. Los rebeldes consiguen una victoria en Lagoa Santa bajo el mando de Teófilo Otoni pero Caxias reorganiza sus fuerzas en Santa Luzia, decide lanzar una ofensiva con tres columnas independientes, una bajo su mando personal, otra comandada por su hermano José Joaquim de Lima e Silva Sobrinho y la última por el teniente coronel Ataídes. La columna de Caxias es acosada por los rebeldes en constantes escaramuzas e inmovilizada por no conocer el terreno pero la de su hermano toma Barbacena el 20 de agosto, finalizando la revuelta.

Los jefes rebeldes, entre ellos Teófilo Ottoni y Camilo Maria Ferreira Armond (conde de Prados), fueron encarcelados y enviados a prisiones en Ouro Preto y en Barbacena.

Amnistía
En 1844 el emperador dio la amnistía a los antiguos rebeldes involucrados y permitió ese mismo año el ingreso de liberales en su Consejo de Ministros.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Marinho, José Antônio. História do Movimento Político que no ano de 1842 teve lugar na Província de Minas Gerais. Río de Janeiro: 1844.
 História da Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal. Volumen I (1809-1889). Editada por la Polícia Militar, Río de Janeiro, 1925.
 Hernâni Donato (1996) [1986]. Dicionário das batalhas brasileiras. São Paulo: IBRASA. ISBN 8534800340.

Liberal, 1842
Liberal, 1842
Conflictos en 1842
Brasil en 1842

Revolución liberal de 1842


Raquel Kasham Daniel é uma educadora, empreendedora social e autora nigeriana. Ela escreveu vários livros, incluindo FLOW: a girl's guide to menstruation. Ela recebeu vários prêmios por seus trabalhos na educação de crianças marginalizadas na Nigéria. Ela também recebeu o Prêmio Africano Luther King Heroes. Ela fundou a Beyond the Classroom Foundation como uma resposta às necessidades sociais e educacionais de crianças carentes e criou a Nzuriaiki.com, uma plataforma online que conecta organizações sem fins lucrativos com voluntários na África.

Prêmios e reconhecimentos
 Prêmio Africano Luther King Heroes
 Prêmio Mulheres Empreendedoras Sociais.
 Prêmio Mulheres Realizadoras
 Prêmio de Honra ao Desenvolvimento Comunitário da Nigéria.
 Prêmio de Liderança La Roche

Escritores da Nigéria

Raquel Kasham Daniel


Riina Valgmaa (* 30. März 1952 in Tartu, verheiratete Kaarli (1971–1979), Arulaane (1979–1994) und seit 1994 Jõesaar) ist eine estnische Badmintonspielerin.

Leben und Karriere
Riina Valgmaa siegte 1967 erstmals bei den nationalen Titelkämpfen in der Estnischen SSR. Bis 1978 gewann sie insgesamt zehn Titel in ihrer Heimat, davon sechs im Doppel und je zwei im Mixed und im Einzel.

Die noch erfolgreichere Reet Valgmaa ist ihre Zwillingsschwester. Beider Vater Helmut war Sportler und Sportpädagoge. Die Schwestern spielten zunächst Basketball, bevor sie im Alter von vierzehn unter Anleitung ihres Vaters mit Badminton begannen.

Sportliche Erfolge

Referenzen
http://www.spordiinfo.ee/esbl/biograafia/Riina_Valgmaa

Badmintonspieler (Estland)
Badmintonspieler (Sowjetunion)
Estnischer Meister (Badminton)
Este
Sowjetbürger
Geboren 1952
Frau

Riina Valgmaa


Nicholas Francis Robert Crafts fæddur 9.mars 1949 í Nottingham á Englandi, fyrrum prófessor í sögu hagfræðinnar í London School of Economics frá 1995 - 2005, einnig fyrrum prófessor í University of Leeds 1987 - 1988, er nú prófessor í London School of Economics og Political Science University of London síðan 1995 og er einnig prófessor í sögu hagfræðinnar í University of Warwick og hefur verið síðan 2005. Crafts kennir einnig fyrir TRIUM Global Executive MBA Program, bandalag NYU Stern School of Business. Crafts gekk í Brunts Grammar School í Mansfield. Hann var nemi við Trinity College í Cambridge og lauk BA -prófi í hagfræði árið 1970.

Framlag til hagfræðinnar
Crafts sérhæfir sig mörgu, meðal annars í breskri hagfræði seinustu 200 ára, evrópskum hagvexti, sagnfræði bresku hagfræðinnar, iðnbyltingunni, alþjóðlegum tekjujöfnuðum, sérstaklega tengdum mannþróunnarvísitölum. Cafts hefur yfir ævina skrifað og gefið út gríðarlegt magn af allskyns greinum og fræðiritum, til dæmis um bresk yfirvöld og alþjóðastofnanir líkt og Alþjóðagjaldeyrissjóðinn.

Á níunda áratugnum lagði Crafts fram þá kenningu að á meðan iðnbyltingunni stóð var óeðlilega hátt hlutfall breska hagkerfisins (miðað við önnur lönd sem iðnvæddust síðar) varið til iðnaðar og alþjóðaviðskipta og að breskt hagkerfi hafði og mun alltaf eiga það til að vaxa hægt. Crafts segir að þegar Þýskaland og Bandaríkin náðu Bretlandi fram undir lok nítjándu aldar, var það ekki vegna þess að brestur í Bretlandi hægði heldur uxu þau lönd hraðar, enda bæði stærri lönd. Crafts mældi vaxtarhraða ýmissa atvinnugreina til þess að mæla vöxt breska hagkerfisins meðan á iðnbyltingunni stóð. Hann komst að því að heildar vöxtur var mun lægri en áður hafði verið talið, og var aðalega í tveimur atvinnugreinum, bómuli og járni. Nokkrir sagnfræðingar (ekki Crafts sjálfur) notuðu þessar tölur til að gefa til kynna að það væri óviðeigandi að lýsa tímabilinu sem "iðnbyltingu". Flestir héldu því hins vegar fram að þótt vaxtarhraði hefði verið hægari og stöðugri í iðnbyltingunni en áður var talið, þá væri hinsvegar hugmyndin um "iðnbyltingu" enn gild.

Heimildir

Nicholas Crafts


Nedoceratops (que significa "rosto com chifres insuficiente") é um gênero controverso de dinossauro ceratopsídeo do período Cretáceo Superior da Formação Lance da América do Norte. É conhecido apenas a partir de um único crânio descoberto em Wyoming. Seu status é objeto de debate contínuo entre os paleontólogos: alguns autores consideram Nedoceratops um táxon válido e distinto, enquanto outros o consideram um espécime incomum de Triceratops.

Descoberta

O crânio quase completo USNM 2412, o espécime holotípico de Nedoceratops hatcheri, foi encontrado no leste de Wyoming em 1891, em Condado de Niobrara perto de Lightning Creek.

O artigo que descreveu Nedoceratops foi originalmente parte da magnum opus de O. C. Marsh, sua monografia sobre os Ceratopsidae. Infelizmente, Marsh morreu (1899) antes que o trabalho fosse concluído, e John Bell Hatcher se esforçou para completar a seção Triceratops. No entanto, ele morreu de tifo em 1904, aos 42 anos, deixando o papel ainda incompleto. Coube a Richard Swann Lull completar a monografia em 1905, publicando a descrição de Hatcher de um crânio separadamente e dando-lhe o nome Diceratops hatcheri; Diceratops significa "cara com dois chifres".

Como o artigo de Diceratops havia sido escrito por Hatcher, e Lull só havia contribuído com o nome e publicado o artigo após a morte de Hatcher, Lull não estava tão convencido da distinção de Diceratops, pensando que era principalmente patológico. Em 1933, Lull tinha dúvidas sobre Diceratops ser um gênero distinto e ele o colocou em um subgênero de Triceratops: Triceratops (Diceratops) hatcheri, incluindo T. obtusus; em grande parte atribuindo suas diferenças ao fato de ser um indivíduo idoso.

Como o nome Diceratops já estava em uso para um himenóptero (Foerster, 1868), o paleontologista russo Andrey Sergeevich Ukrainsky deu ao animal seu nome atual Nedoceratops em 2007.  Sem saber que Ukrainsky já havia renomeado o animal, o paleontólogo português Octávio Mateus cunhou outro novo nome para ele em 2008, Diceratus. Diceratus é assim considerado um sinônimo júnior de Nedoceratops.

Nedoceratops significa "cara com chifres insuficiente". O "nedo" é o prefixo russo que significa "insuficiente". O sufixo comum entre ceratopsianos, "ceratops", significa "cara com chifres". Foi nomeado em referência à falta de um chifre nasal.

Descrição

O crânio quase completo conhecido como USNM 2412 é o único fóssil atribuído ao Nedoceratops hatcheri. Superficialmente, assemelha-se ao do Triceratops, mas em um exame mais detalhado, difere: especificamente, os chifres da testa ficam quase verticalmente em comparação com os crânios típicos do Triceratops, e também há vários buracos (fenestras) no babado (uma característica única do Triceratops é que ele tem um preenchimento sólido e não perfurado). No entanto, pelo menos alguns desses buracos mostram evidências de que são o resultado de lesão ou doença. O chifre nasal deste espécime é baixo e arredondado, em comparação com os chifres do nariz maiores e pontiagudos de espécimes típicos de Triceratops, embora essa característica pareça estar dentro da faixa conhecida de variação individual para Triceratops.

Classificação
A espécie-tipo é Nedoceratops hatcheri. É considerado indubitavelmente um membro de Ceratopsia (o nome é latinizado grego para "rostos com chifres"), um grupo de dinossauros herbívoros com bicos de papagaio que prosperaram na América do Norte e na Ásia durante o período Cretáceo, que terminou há cerca de 66 milhões de anos. Todos os ceratopsianos foram extintos no final desta era. Dado os traços em comum com Triceratops, ele é classificado como um membro de Chasmosaurinae e Triceratopsini por extensão em várias análises cladísticas recentes.

Vários autores sugeriram que o Nedoceratops pode ser ancestral diretamente do Triceratops, ou talvez seu parente mais próximo. Um debate em andamento diz respeito ao status de Triceratops, Torosaurus e Nedoceratops. Em uma série de publicações, John B. Scannella e John R. Horner (2010 e 2011) alegaram que o crânio USNM 2412 (ou seja, de Nedoceratops) pertencia a um "jovem adulto" Triceratops. A evidência para esta hipótese incluiu as formas dos ossos epoccipital e esquamosal, e um babado do pescoço (osso parietal) que tinha aberturas "incipientes" (em contraste com nenhuma abertura no Triceratops subadulto e grandes aberturas no Triceratops adulto anteriormente atribuído ao Torosaurus). Esses autores sugeriram que todos os três "gêneros" na verdade representam indivíduos de diferentes idades de Triceratops. Em 2012, Farke propôs um contra-argumento e sugeriu que a textura da superfície óssea e a forma dos chifres de Nedoceratops indicam um "adulto velho". Um estudo de acompanhamento de Leonardo Maiorino e colegas em 2013 usando morfometria encontrou suporte para Triceratops e Torosaurus sendo táxons distintos e válidos, com Nedoceratops ocupando posições variáveis em relação aos outros dois, mas geralmente fora da faixa de variação, concluindo que "o tamanho do USNM 2412 é um intermediário plausível, mas a forma não é."

Outra suposta diferença entre Nedoceratops e fósseis referidos ao Triceratops horridus é o "chifre" nasal notavelmente curto e arredondado. Scanella e Horner propuseram que o chifre nasal do crânio USNM 2412 poderia ter sido perdido quando o animal estava vivo ou quando se tornou fossilizado. No entanto, notou-se que os chifres dos ceratopsídeos apresentam uma grande variação entre grupos etários e indivíduos, e alguns espécimes mais solidamente atribuídos a T. horridus têm uma forma de chifre nasal semelhante. Na maioria das características - o focinho curto em forma de sela, o focinho em forma de S - o animal se parece muito com o Triceratops horridus.

Observou-se que muitas das características que parecem separar Nedoceratops de Triceratops, e especificamente Triceratops horridus, podem ser o resultado de patologia, lesão e/ou deformação do crânio após o enterro. Duas das características que têm sido usadas para diagnosticar Nedoceratops - a posição do esquamosal e os chifres verticais da testa - são vistos em um lado do crânio, mas não no outro. Isso, juntamente com o fato de que todo o crânio pode ser visto torcido quando visto de frente, tem sido usado para argumentar que essas características resultam da distorção post-mortem do fóssil, em vez de refletir a anatomia do animal durante a vida. . Além disso, a presença de numerosos orifícios no folho sugere patologia devido a lesão ou doença, as 'fenestras parietais' supostamente únicas podem, portanto, ser o resultado de uma lesão. Tanke & Farke (2007) observaram que a suposta fenestra parietal tinha formato irregular com margens inchadas e textura irregularmente vascularizada. Isso é semelhante a um buraco parietal, também interpretado como resultado de uma lesão por Marshall & Barreto (2001), em um espécime de Torosaurus.

Segue abaixo um cladograma produzido na análise de Jordan Mallon em 2016 do gênero Spiclypeus shipporum da tribo Triceratopsini, onde o Nedoceratops foi válidado ao lado do Torosaurus, Ojoceratops e Titanoceratops.

Triceratopsini
Dinossauros do Cretáceo
Dinossauros da América do Norte
Espécies fósseis descritas em 2007

Nedoceratops


Dereköy, Eskişehir ilinin Alpu ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Eskişehir il merkezine 74 km., Alpu ilçesine 34 km. uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar

Alpu'nun mahalleleri

Dereköy, Alpu