State University of New York at Oswego (SUNY Oswego or Oswego State) is a public university in the City of Oswego and Town of Oswego, New York. It has two campuses: historic lakeside campus in Oswego and Metro Center in Syracuse, New York.

SUNY Oswego currently has over 80,000 living alumni. Oswego State offers more than 100 academic programs leading to bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and certificates of advanced study. It consists of four colleges and schools: College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, School of Business, School of Education, and School of Communications, Media and the Arts.

History
SUNY Oswego was founded in 1861 as the Oswego Primary Teachers Training School by Edward Austin Sheldon, who introduced a revolutionary teaching methodology Oswego Movement in American education. In 1942 the New York Legislature elevated it from a normal school to a degree-granting teachers' college, Oswego State Teachers College, which was a founding and charter member of the State University of New York system in 1948. In 1962 the college broadened its scope to become a liberal arts college.

Campus

Founded in the city of Oswego by Sheldon to train teachers to meet pressing educational needs, the college moved to its current location on the shore of Lake Ontario in 1913 after Sheldon Hall was constructed. The current campus is located on  along Lake Ontario.  Development of the campus was planned by the architectural firm of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, who designed the major buildings.

The campus today consists of 46 buildings with classrooms, laboratories, residential and athletic facilities. Recent years have witnessed the launch of a $700 million campus-wide renovation and renewal program, with the new Campus Center acting as the social hub of campus.

In the fall of 2013 the outdated Science and Mathematics building, Snygg Hall, was closed, and the new Richard S. Shineman Center for Science, Engineering and Innovation was opened to all STEM students: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. The building, built onto the older Piez Hall, offers views of the college's Lakeside Community and Lake Ontario from the meteorology observation deck.

The college's social hub, known as the Marano Campus Center Complex, opened in the fall of 2007, and includes new construction and renovation of the existing Swetman/Poucher complex. The $25.5 million  Marano Campus Center portion, the new construction, includes the Deborah. F. Stanley Arena and Convocation Hall, food court, box office, fireplace lounge, breakfast nook and reservable spaces. The renovated portions of the building house The Compass (student services), The Point (student involvement), a student media center with WNYO, WTOP and The Oswegonian newspaper, Copy Center, and Freshëns Cafe. Academic departments in the Campus Center include English and creative writing, modern languages and literatures and philosophy, while the Office of Learning Services stands ready to assist students who need help outside the classroom. In addition, the College Honors Program is located in the Campus Center.

The Tyler Art Gallery
Tyler Art Gallery is located within the Tyler Hall. The gallery showcases local and traveling exhibitions, exhibitions of faculty work and student exhibitions. Tyler Art Gallery has a mission as a teaching gallery. The gallery serves as the training base for the museum studies program and allows students to be involved in the day-to-day operations of the gallery. The Student Art Exhibition Committee curate and have sole responsibility for the annual exhibition of student work. The gallery's permanent collection comprises European, African and American drawings, prints, paintings, ceramics and sculpture that date from the 18th century to the present, including several works by artist Sacha Kolin. One subsection of the permanent collection, the Grant Arnold Collection of Fine Prints, contains over 500 prints by American printmakers from the first half of the twentieth century. Tyler Hall is in the process of significant renovations, with the first phase completed for a fall 2016 reopening.

Other buildings

Physically separate from the main campus, on the other side of New York State Route 104, is the south campus, consisting of Laker Hall (indoor sports, coaching classrooms, and athletic training rooms), Romney Fieldhouse (a Quonset hut that hosted the Laker hockey program until fall 2006) and several athletic fields. In addition, more than  of Rice Creek Field Station (for biological research and public programs) are on the South Campus.

West Campus, along with Laker Hall, Hewitt Hall (which hosted most of the student organizations until the Campus Center's opening in 2006), Tyler Hall, Culkin Hall (the administrative building), Penfield Library, Lanigan Hall (consisting of large lecture halls) and Mahar Hall are all built in the Brutalist style and date to the early 1970s.

On Campus residences
A variety of living options are available through 13 residences:
 Lakeside Area: Scales, Waterbury, Riggs and Johnson Halls. Riggs, Scales, Waterbury and Johnson were recently renovated; the latter is the home to the First-Year Residential Experience.
 West Campus, formerly called "New Campus": Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida and Onondaga Halls. Onondaga Hall was constructed in a suite style, allowing communal living of up to six students per suite.
 Main Campus: Hart Hall Global Living and Learning Center, Funnelle Hall, Sheldon Hall
 Mackin Complex: Lonis and Moreland Halls, located in the city of Oswego across the street from Sheldon Hall. Lonis consists of single occupancy rooms for upperclassmen, while Moreland is the traditional double occupancy dorm style for all class standings.
 The Village: Due to a shortage in residential rooms in Fall 2008 caused by higher than expected enrollment and on-campus living requests than expected, several rooms were offered in renovated conference/hotel space in Sheldon Hall. The Village, a new townhouse village with apartment living was constructed south of Glimmerglass Lagoon, and opened in the fall 2010 semester.

Fewer than  from Johnson Hall is Shady Shore, the home of college founder Edward Austin Sheldon. It often has served as the residence for the college president throughout the years.

Accreditations
Middle States accredited with additional accreditations. The institution's MBA program has been internationally accredited by AACSB. SUNY Oswego's School of Education is accredited by the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation. Oswego's School of Business has international accreditation by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. SUNY Oswego programs in Electrical and Computing Engineering as well as Software Engineering are accredited by ABET. SUNY Oswego is one of the few colleges in New York state whose art, music, and theater departments are all nationally accredited.

Schools and colleges
 College of Liberal Arts and Sciences houses the departments of Anthropology, Atmospheric and Geological Sciences, Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Economics, Electrical and Computer Engineering, English and Creative Writing, History, Human Development, Mathematics, Modern Languages and Literatures, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, Criminal Justice, Sociology
 School of Business offers programs in Accounting, Business Administration, Finance, Human Resource Management, Marketing, Operations Management and Information Systems, Risk Management and Insurance.
 School of Communication, Media and the Arts houses the departments of Art, Communication Studies, Film Studies, Music, Theatre.
 School of Education offers courses in Counseling and Psychological Services, Curriculum and Instruction, Education Administration, Health Promotion and Wellness, Technology, Vocational Teacher Preparation.

Library
Penfield Library is the main academic library on campus. It is named after Lida S. Penfield (1873–1956), once chair of the English department. The current  facility opened in 1968, replacing a library of the same name in what is now Rich Hall. The library is home to the Millard Fillmore and Marshall Family Papers and numerous digitized collections including the Fort Ontario Emergency Refugee Shelter (Safe Haven) papers.

Athletics
The university offers 24 intercollegiate varsity sports. SUNY Oswego's athletic teams are known officially as the Great Lakers but often referred to simply as the Lakers. Oswego is a member of NCAA Division III and teams compete in the State University of New York Athletic Conference for most sports. Women's ice hockey plays in the ECAC West, as that sport is not offered by the SUNYAC.

Oswego is traditionally a rival of Plattsburgh State. The rivalry currently manifests mostly in ice hockey; in the 1990s and early 2000s, Oswego fans would regularly throw bagels onto the ice when the Lakers scored against Plattsburgh, responding to a tradition where Plattsburgh fans threw tennis balls on the rink after goals versus Oswego. The tradition ended in 2006, after Oswego was assessed a delay of game penalty for the bagel throw: Plattsburgh scored on the ensuing power-play to win the game, which cost the Lakers a national tournament berth. In addition, the Campus Center arena was opened that year which allowed the university to more closely monitor and shut down fans who brought in bagels. The "Puck Flattsburgh" spoonerism is a common rallying cry. Oswego and Plattsburgh also had a rivalry in football, but Oswego ceased sponsoring the sport in 1976, with Plattsburgh following in 1978.

Oswego also has a running rivalry with Cortland State in Women's Field Hockey. The teams play annually for the "Dragon Sword" trophy, donated by Oswego alumni Michael and Kimberlee (Bennett) Champitto in 1999. As of 2021, Oswego has never won the sword.

Men's
 Baseball
 Basketball
 Cross country
 Golf
 Ice hockey
 Indoor track and field
 Lacrosse
 Outdoor track and field
 Soccer
 Swimming and diving
 Tennis
 Wrestling

Women's
 Ice hockey
 Basketball
 Cross country
 Field hockey
 Indoor track and field
 Lacrosse
 Outdoor track and field
 Soccer
 Softball
 Swimming and diving
 Tennis
 Volleyball

National championships
On March 18, 2007, the Oswego State men's ice hockey team won the 2006–07 NCAA Division III ice hockey National Championship, the first NCAA championship ever for the school.

Clubs and student organizations
Oswego has over 180 clubs and organizations, many funded by the Student Association. These include: the Division I Men's Rugby team, the student-run television station WTOP, the student-run newspaper The Oswegonian, the first-ever student-run volunteer ambulance corps (SAVAC), and the Oswego State Esports Association.

Greek organizations
Oswego has an array of Greek organizations (fraternities, sororities, or mixed) from both national and locally recognized chapters.  Each semester, eligible students can "rush" a Greek organization of their choice.

Fraternities

 Kappa Sigma
 Theta Chi
 Delta Kappa Kappa (DKK)
 Delta Sigma Phi
 Lambda Sigma Upsilon
 Psi Phi Gamma
 Phi Beta Sigma
 Sigma Alpha Epsilon
 Tau Kappa Epsilon
 Phi Iota Alpha
Mu Beta Psi
 Alpha Phi Omega (APO)
 Sigma Tau Chi
 Sigma Gamma
 Lambda Upsilon Lambda

Sororities
 Alpha Delta Eta
 Alpha Epsilon Phi
 Alpha Sigma Chi
 Omega Phi Beta
 Omicron Xi
 Phi Lambda Phi
 Phi Sigma Sigma
 Sigma Delta Tau
 Sigma Lambda Upsilon
 Mu Sigma Upsilon
 Delta Phi Epsilon
 Kappa Delta Phi N.A.S.

Other Greek organizations
 Alpha Phi Omega, national service fraternity (co-ed)
 Beta Alpha Psi, accounting/finance/information systems honor society (co-ed)
 Beta Beta Beta, national biological sciences honor society (co-ed)
 Beta Gamma Sigma, international AACSB business honor society (co-ed)
 Delta Phi Alpha, the national German honorary society for outstanding students of the German language (Nationale Deutsche Ehrenverbindung; Oswego Chapter: Zeta Xi, 1967)
 Lambda Pi Eta, national communications honor society (co-ed)
 Mu Beta Psi, national honorary musical fraternity (co-ed)
 Omicron Delta Epsilon, national economics honor society (co-ed)
 Omicron Delta Kappa, national leadership honor society
 Phi Kappa Phi, national all-disciplinary honorary society of academic excellence
 Pi Delta Phi, the national French honor Society for academic excellence in French (Oswego Chapter: Theta Delta, 1975)
 Pi Sigma Alpha, national political science honor society
 Psi Chi, national honor society in psychology
 Phi Alpha Theta, national honor society in history

Traditions

 Bridge Street Run – The Bridge Street Run is a pub crawl that now takes place during the spring semester on the last Friday before finals week. Students put on white T-shirts, start at the Front Door Tavern on East 10th and Utica Streets, and make their way down Bridge Street (New York State Route 104) in Oswego. They stop at all participating bars along the way on or within a block of Bridge Street to have their shirts signed. The event has been a tradition in various forms at SUNY Oswego for over 30 years.  The college officially discourages the practice. It was finally banned by the city in 2014 following a students death caused by a heroin overdose on campus; the following year, the college set up OzFest, a campus festival, to deter partiers from participating in the Bridge Street Run. However, students still continue the tradition each spring.

Presidents
 Edward Austin Sheldon (1st), 1861–1897
 Isaac B. Poucher (2nd), 1897–1913
 James C. Riggs (3rd), 1913–1933
 Ralph Waldo Swetman (4th), 1933–1947
 Harvey M. Rice (5th), 1947–1952
 Foster S. Brown (6th), 1952–1963
 James E. Perdue (7th), 1965–1977
 Virginia Radley (8th), 1977–1988
 Stephen L. Weber (9th), 1988–1995
 Deborah F. Stanley (10th) 1995–2021
 Mary C. Toale, Officer in Charge (interim), 2022–2023
 Peter O. Nwosu (11th), 2023–present

Notable faculty
 Soma Mei Sheng Frazier, author, editor
 Kenneth O. Hall, Governor-General of Jamaica (Feb 2006 – Feb 2009); served as Assistant Provost and Professor of History at Oswego
 Doug Lea, computer scientist
 Roy Lichtenstein, pop artist; taught in the Art Department 1958–1960
 Robert O'Connor, Associate Professor in Creative Writing Department; author of Buffalo Soldiers
 Leigh Allison Wilson, author and creative writing professor

Notable alumni

Actor Al Lewis claimed that he attended the school from 1927 to 1931. Most of Lewis's claims about his early life are widely considered to be untrue.
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Campus demographics
SUNY Oswego CDP is a census-designated place (CDP) covering the campus.

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

References

External links
Official website

1861 establishments in New York (state)
Education in Oswego County, New York
Oswego, New York
Oswego
Oswego
Tourist attractions in Oswego County, New York
Universities and colleges in Syracuse, New York
Rugby union teams in New York (state)

State University of New York at Oswego


Christian Junior Koloko (Duala, 20 de junho de 2000) é um jogador camaronês de basquete profissional que atualmente joga no Toronto Raptors da National Basketball Association (NBA).

Ele jogou basquete universitário na Universidade do Arizona e foi selecionado pelo Raptors como a 33º escolha geral no draft da NBA de 2022.

Carreira no ensino médio
Koloko é natural de Douala, Camarões e frequentou o Collège Libermann em sua cidade natal. Ele cresceu jogando futebol e começou a jogar basquete aos 12 anos.

Em 2017, Koloko mudou-se para os Estados Unidos para jogar basquete na Birmingham High School em Lake Balboa, Califórnia. Em sua última temporada, ele se transferiu para a Sierra Canyon School em Chatsworth, Califórnia, onde foi companheiro de equipe de Cassius Stanley, Kenyon Martin Jr. e Scotty Pippen Jr. Koloko ajudou sua equipe a conquistar o segundo título estadual consecutivo da Divisão Aberta.

Um recruta de quatro estrelas, ele se comprometeu a jogar basquete universitário na Universidade do Arizona e rejeitou as ofertas da Califórnia, Northwestern, Vanderbilt, Harvard e Princeton.

Carreira universitária
Como calouro na Universidade do Arizona, Koloko teve médias de 2,3 pontos e 2,4 rebotes. Em sua segunda temporada, ele teve médias de 5,3 pontos e 4,8 rebotes. Em 21 de novembro de 2021, Koloko registrou 22 pontos, sete rebotes e quatro bloqueios em uma vitória por 80-62 sobre Michigan na final do Roman Main Event. Em sua terceira temporada, ele foi nomeado o Jogador Defensivo do Ano do Pac-12 e foi selecionado para a Primeira-Equipe da Pac-12.

Em 18 de abril de 2022, Koloko se declarou para o Draft da NBA de 2022, abrindo mão de sua elegibilidade universitária restante.

Carreira profissional

Toronto Raptors (2022–Presente)
Koloko foi selecionado pelo Toronto Raptors como a 33ª escolha geral no Draft da NBA de 2022. Em 26 de agosto de 2022, Koloko assinou um contrato de 3 anos e US$5.2 milhões com o Raptors.

Estatísticas da carreira

Universitário

Fonte:

Links externos

 Biografia do Arizona Wildcats

Basquetebolistas do Toronto Raptors
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 2000
Basquetebolistas dos Camarões
Naturais de Duala

Christian Koloko


Australski nogomet se u Hrvatskoj igra od 2006. Sport je kojem raste popularnost u zemlji. Od 2022. godine u Hrvatskoj australskoj nogometnoj ligi natječe se četiri klubova. Godine 2021. otvoreno je prvo igralište australskog nogometa u Hrvatskoj, a nalazi se u zagrebačkom kvartu Jarun.

Popis klubova
 Sesvete Double Blues
 Velika Gorica Bombers
 Zagreb Cvjento Dockers
 Zagreb Hawks

Reprezentacija
Hrvatska reprezentacija u australskom nogometu (Croatian Knights) natječe se na Svjetskom i Europskom prvenstvu.

Izvori

Australski nogomet
Šport u Hrvatskoj

Australski nogomet u Hrvatskoj


Acil Servis, (özgün adı: ER) ABD'de NBC de yayınlanan bir hastane draması. Yayınlandığı kanalın (NBC) Law & Order isimli dizisinden sonra en fazla yayında kalan dizisi. Birçok Emmy Ödülü ve adaylığı almış bu dizinin yapımcısı Michael Crichton, öğrenciliği sırasında Massachusetts Hastahanesi'nde çalışmış bir Harvard Tıp Fakültesi mezunu.

ER 'ın dördüncü sezonunda Ambush isimli bölüm 'canlı' olarak yayınlandı. Söz konusu bölüm belgesel havasında çekildi ve canlı yayından önce oyuncular 8 defa prova yapmak zorunda kaldı. Üstelik 2 defa (biri Doğu Kıyısı diğeri Batı Kıyısı için) yayınlandı. Dr. Ross karakterinin izlediği beysbol maçı ise Cubs-Astros maçıydı ve gerçekten yayındaydı. Bölümün Technical Direction/Camera/Video dallarında Emmy Ödülü, Lighting Direction (Electronic), Sound Mixing ve Directing (Thomas Schlamme) dallarında ise Emmy adaylığı var.

Amerikan televizyonlarında en uzun süren hastane draması olan ER, 15 sezonu geride bırakarak 2 Nisan 2009'da NBC'de yayınlanan son bölümüyle ekranlara veda etti. Türkiye'de bir dönem TGRT'de Türkçe dublajlı olarak yayınlanan dizi, daha sonra CNBC-e'de yayınlanmaya başladı. Türkiye'de dizinin son sezonu CNBC-e'de 2009-2010 yayın döneminde yayınlandı.

Chicago'da bir hastanenin acil servisinde çalışan hemşire ve doktorların, oraya gelen hastaların hikâyelerinin anlatıldığı bu dizinin 1994 yılındaki orijinal kadrosu;

Anthony Edwards - Dr. Mark GreeneGeorge Clooney - Dr. Doug Ross Sherry Stringfield - Dr. Susan Lewis Noah Wyle - Tıp Öğrencisi John Carter Eriq La Salle - Dr. Peter Benton Julianna Margulies - Hemşire Carol Hathaway

Bu orijinal kadro aradan geçen 13 sezonda çok değişikliğe uğradı. Dizi ilk gösterime girdiğinde (1994) 3. sınıftaki tıp öğrencisi John Carter'ı oynayan Noah Wyle dizide oynamaya başladığında 22 yaşındaydı. Aradan geçen yıllarda hem canlandırdığı karakter Tıp Fakültesinden mezun olup doktor olan Noah Wyle'ın kendisi de 34 yaşına geldi.

Ödüller

Dizi yayınlandığı süre boyunca 109 ödül almış, 232 ödüle aday gösterilmiştir.

Aldıkları Belli Başlı Ödüller

Emmy Ödülleri

 En İyi Drama Dizisi (1996)
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Julianna Margulies (1995)
 En İyi Misafir Oyuncu (Drama) Ray Liotta (2005)

Altın Küre

 En İyi Erkek Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) —Anthony Edwards (1998)

Aday Gösterildikleri Belli Başlı Ödüller

Emmy Ödülleri

 En İyi Drama Dizisi (1995- 1997 ve 2001 arası) 6 Adaylık
 En İyi Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) Anthony Edwards (1995-1998) 4 Adaylık
 En İyi Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) George Clooney (1995-96) 2 Adaylık
 En İyi Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Julianna Margulies (1997-2000) 4 Adaylık
 En İyi Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Sherry Stringfield (1995-97) 3 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) Noah Wyle (1995-99) 5 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) Eriq La Salle (1995, 1997-98) 3 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Maura Tierney (2001)
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Laura Innes (1997-98) 2 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Gloria Reuben (1997-98) 2 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Julianna Margulies (1996)
 En İyi Misafir Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) James Woods (2006)
 En İyi Misafir Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) Red Buttons (2005)
 En İyi Misafir Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) Bob Newhart (2004)
 En İyi Misafir Erkek Oyuncu (Drama) Don Cheadle (2003)
 En İyi Misafir Kadın Oyuncu (Drama) Sally Field (2003)

Altın Küre

 En İyi Drama Dizisi (1995-2001) 7 Adaylık
 En İyi Erkek Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) Anthony Edwards (1996-97, 1999) 3 Adaylık
 En İyi Kadın Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) Julianna Margulies (1999-2000) 3 Adaylık
 En İyi Kadın Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) Sherry Stringfield (1996-97) 2 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) Noah Wyle (1997-99) 3 Adaylık
 En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) Eriq La Salle (1998)
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) Gloria Reuben (1998)
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi)Julianna Margulies (1996)
 En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu (Drama-Dizi) CCH Pounder (1997)

Oyuncular

Dış bağlantılar
 ER / Warner Bros
 ER / NBC
 İMDb / ER
 TV Guide: ER

1994'te başlayan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
2009'da sona eren Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
1990'larda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
2000'lerde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri dramatik televizyon dizileri
Medikal televizyon dizileri
Warner Bros. Television dizileri
Peabody Ödülü sahipleri

Acil Servis (dizi, 1994)


U.S. Route 491 (US 491) is a north–south U.S. Highway serving the Four Corners region of the United States. It was created in 2003 as a renumbering of U.S. Route 666 (US 666). With the US 666 designation, the road was nicknamed the "Devil's Highway" because of the significance of the number 666 to many Christian denominations as the Number of the Beast. This Satanic connotation, combined with a high fatality rate along the New Mexico portion, convinced some people the highway was cursed. The problem was compounded by persistent sign theft. These factors led to two efforts to renumber the highway, first by officials in Arizona, then by those in New Mexico. There have been safety improvement projects in recent years, and fatality rates have subsequently decreased.

The highway, now a spur route of US 91 via its connection to US 191, runs through New Mexico, Colorado and Utah, as well as the tribal nations of the Navajo Nation and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe. The highway passes by two mountains considered sacred by Native Americans: Ute Mountain and an extinct volcanic core named Shiprock. Other features along the route include Mesa Verde National Park and Dove Creek, Colorado, the self-proclaimed pinto-bean capital of the world.

Route description
US 491 serves the states of New Mexico, Colorado and Utah. Before 1992, US 666 also served Arizona. The Arizona portion was renumbered separately and is now part of US 191. The former US 666 was the only highway to have passed through each of the Four Corners states, even though it never came near the Four Corners Monument, which is accessed via US 160.  At several points along US 491, mountain ranges in all of the Four Corners states are visible from a single location. The alignment of the highway is mostly north–south, however the Utah portion was signed east–west.

New Mexico

US 491 begins at Gallup, at a junction with Interstate 40 (I-40), and currently runs north along Muñoz Drive. The routing has changed to bypass the downtown area. The original route used 9th Street, starting at US 66. US 491 leaves Gallup and passes north through the eastern half of the Navajo Nation. Along the way, the road passes through the small tribal communities and trading posts of Tohatchi, Buffalo Springs, Naschitti, Sheep Springs and Newcomb. The Navajo tribal capital at Window Rock, Arizona, is just west of the highway corridor, accessed by State Road 264 (NM 264). The largest city served by US 491 is Shiprock, which takes its name from one of several extinct volcano cores in the area. Shiprock is known as "the winged rock" in the Navajo language, and the mountain is considered sacred by the Navajo people.
Shiprock is where the US 491 crosses the San Juan River and is briefly concurrent with US 64. After passing Shiprock, the route continues north to the Colorado state line. The New Mexico portion has been designated the "John Pinto Highway" by the New Mexico state legislature.

It is on the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.

Colorado

The New Mexico-Colorado state line is where the highway passes from the Navajo Nation to Ute Mountain Ute tribal lands. The highway passes to the east of the tribe's namesake, Ute Mountain, believed to belong to a great warrior god of the Ute People. US 491 proceeds diagonally to the northwest in the extreme southwestern corner of the state. The highway exits tribal lands near Cortez and Mesa Verde National Park. After leaving Cortez, the road gradually rises in elevation while proceeding towards Utah. Here, the route features large pinto bean farming regions including Dove Creek, which bills itself as the "pinto bean capital of the world". Canyons of the Ancients National Monument is located along the ascent, just west of the highway. Along this ascent is an access road for Hovenweep National Monument at the state line. A portion of the road in Colorado has been designated the Trail of the Ancients, a National Scenic Byway, which uses US 491 as an access for these parks and monuments in southwest Colorado.

Utah
Once in Utah, US 491 gradually ascends to the Abajo Mountains. Still visible are large farming regions. Upon reaching an elevation of , the highway arrives at a weigh station and reaches the town of Monticello. US 491 enters the town on Central Street and terminates near the city park at an intersection with US 191, which runs along Main Street. All highways in Utah are codified into law; US 491 is defined at Utah Code Annotated §72-4-137(11).

History

Pre-1926
Before the Mexican–American War, when this area was ceded to the United States, the main trade route through this part of Mexico was the Old Spanish Trail. This trail extended from Santa Fe, New Mexico to Los Angeles. The trail had multiple routes; however, the main route proceeded north towards Moab, Utah, one of the few places where the Colorado River can be crossed without having to traverse steep cliffs. The modern US 491 roughly correlates with the main route of the Old Spanish Trail between Cortez, Colorado and its northern terminus.
Before 1926, all of modern US 491 existed as state routes. In New Mexico, US 666 absorbed a portion of State Road 32 (NM 32) from Gallup to Shiprock, and completely replaced NM 121 from Shiprock to the Colorado state line. The portion in Colorado was numbered State Highway 106 (SH 106) from the New Mexico state line to Cortez, and SH 10 from Cortez to Utah.  At the time, SH 10 traversed the southern portion of Colorado. While most of this corridor today has a U.S. Highway designation, a portion of SH 10 still exists. In Utah, the route was originally numbered State Route 9 (SR 9), which also included what is now US 191 from Monticello to Crescent Junction. Utah has since re-used the SR 9 designation for a different road.

U.S. Route 666

The route was upgraded to a U.S. Highway in 1926, as U.S. Route 666. This number was appropriate and in accordance with the road numbering guidelines for U.S. Highways, being the sixth spur along the highway's parent highway, the famed cross-continental highway U.S. Route 66, from which US 491 breaks around Gallup, New Mexico. This number was assigned by the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO), a coordinating body that created the U.S. Highway System. At that time, the northern terminus of the route was in Cortez, at an intersection with then US 450 (modern US 160).

Over time the route became known as the "Devil's Highway", a reference to the Number of the Beast. This nickname and association made some visitors uncomfortable, as well as making the signs targets for theft. Because of the highway's number, accidents and other phenomena, this became repeated as legend. These legends convinced some people the highway was cursed. One unnamed highway patrol officer was quoted in USA Today as stating a drunk-driving suspect told him, "Triple 6 is evil. Everyone dies on that highway." Skeptics point out that the highway has a lower than average fatality rate in Utah and Colorado; only the New Mexico portion is statistically a dangerous highway. Skeptics further state the high fatality rate in New Mexico can be explained by an inadequate design for the traffic loads at the time. During the renumbering debate, the Albuquerque Journal opined that the planned highway improvements would do more to reduce fatalities than the renumbering itself.

The curse of US 666 is briefly discussed in Jonathan D. Rosenblum's book, Copper Crucible, which  investigates the Arizona Copper Mine Strike of 1983. This strike occurred along the highway near Morenci, Arizona. The highway was used as a plot element in films and television, including Route 666, Natural Born Killers, and Repo Man, as well as a two-part episode of the series Married... with Children, titled "Route 666". These pieces are not accurate in portraying the route; for example, one depicts the route in Nevada.

Extensions into Arizona and Utah

On December 4, 1938, the southern terminus of the route was extended from Gallup across the Arizona state line to US 80 in Douglas, near the Mexican border.  It ran concurrent with US 66 for 30 miles (48.3 km) before the turn south. Prior to the extension, the route between Douglas and Sanders was designated as SR 81. The Arizona portion of the highway is known as the Coronado Trail Scenic Byway, as it approximated the path of the Spanish explorer, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado. This portion is noted for mountainous terrain, with hairpin turns and steep grades, that reaches an altitude of over . The curves force a speed limit of  in spots.

In 1970, several U.S. Highways in the Four Corners region were re-aligned. As part of this change, US 160 was rerouted west of Cortez to serve the Four Corners Monument and enter Arizona instead of Utah.  US 666 was extended up part of the old route of US 160 to Monticello, Utah, at an intersection with then US 163 (now US 191).

In 1985, the Utah Department of Transportation petitioned to extend US 666 northwest to Richfield, but the proposal was rejected. The proposed extension followed SR 95, SR 24, and SR 119. A concurrency with US 191 would have been routed through Blanding and Monticello to connect to the rest of the route. One of the reasons cited for rejecting the proposal was that portions of SR 24 were not built to standards desired for additions to the U.S. Highway System.

Elimination and renumbering of US 666

In 1985, the US 66 designation was eliminated, leaving US 666 (and other routes) as "orphans". This fact would be used as a supporting factor in later petitions to renumber the highway. In 1992, the part in Arizona was renumbered as an extension of US 191. This truncated US 666 again at Gallup, New Mexico, now at I-40.

The route in the other three states became U.S. Route 491 in 2003, mainly through efforts of New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson. He requested the change due to the "infamy brought by the inopportune naming of the road". While campaigning for governor, Richardson promised to renumber the highway as part of a larger plan to improve the highway and build relations between New Mexico and the Navajo Nation. Although traditional Navajo culture does not share the belief of 666 being an evil number, some Navajos had attempted for years to change the number as a way to raise awareness about the dangerous highway. The highway had largely been ignored, with few improvements made since it was first paved. By 1997, US 666 was named one of the 20 most dangerous highways in the United States. Some Navajo leaders were concerned that efforts to reduce poverty on Navajo lands, via promoting tourism and outside investment, were being hampered by the Christian aversion to the number.

In New Mexico's motion to renumber the highway, they selected U.S. Route 393. Since the route came nowhere near US 93, AASHTO instead suggested US 491, noting it as a branch of US 191 at Monticello, Utah. Although the next three-digit child of US 91 would have been U.S. Route 291, both the 291 and 391 designations were already in use as state route numbers in at least one of the affected states. At the news that the motion had passed, a New Mexico spokesperson stated, "The devil's out of here, and we say goodbye and good riddance." Referring to the motion passing with a different number from what New Mexico requested, another spokesperson responded, "As long as it's not 666 and it's nothing satanic, that's OK." US 666 officially ceased to exist on May 31, 2003, although temporary "New 491 – Old 666" signs were posted after the change to aid travelers using old maps.

Although sign theft had always been a problem along this highway, thefts reached epidemic proportions when the pending number change was announced. Within days of the announcement, virtually every US 666 sign had been stolen, some for sale on eBay. Officials in Utah reported that five entire sign assemblies had been cut down with a chainsaw and stolen, while New Mexico officials reported that even signs welded to metal posts, as a theft deterrent, had been stolen. Officials speculated from one scene that someone had intentionally crashed a car into the sign post to break the welds.

The dedication of the "new" highway was postponed until July 30, 2003, to coincide with the start of construction projects to improve safety on the highway. At the dedication George Blue Horse, a Navajo medicine man, performed a ceremony to remove the curse from the highway. In the Navajo language he stated, "The road itself never ends. It goes on generation to generation. The new number is a good one. The new road will be a medicine."

Newspapers and television stations interviewed people along the route about their opinions on the changing of the highway's number. Even some people who believed in the 666 curse disagreed with the change. One went on record as stating highway officials, "are messing with the wrong guy. They're making the devil mad. They should have left the 666 alone." Others were more sarcastic. One Monticello resident stated, "We'll really miss all the potheads stopping and taking pictures of the Route 666 sign." Most residents took pride in living along the Devil's Highway and opposed the change. Some commented that no matter the number they would still call the road the Devil's Highway.

Post-renumbering
Since the renumbering in 2003, portions of US 491 in New Mexico have been upgraded to a four-lane divided highway, with grade separations at the busiest interchanges. The New Mexico Department of Transportation has noted that, as sections are upgraded, fatality rates improve on the four-lane portions, but remain high on the two-lane portions. As construction has proceeded, the most dangerous portions of the highway have moved to points where the four-lane portion ends, and traffic merges to two lanes. This has caused the department to coordinate the phases of the upgrades to minimize the number of two-lane/four-lane transitions. Construction on the final phase was originally scheduled to begin January 2008, however the state applied for American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funds to finish the project and completion was delayed until 2012.

Major intersections
Note: The Utah mileposts are posted in a west-to-east direction, while Colorado's and New Mexico's mileposts are posted in a south-to-north direction.

See also

 Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia, fear of the number 666
 List of highways numbered 666
 List of highways numbered 491

References

External links

 Current and historic U.S. highway endpoints at Monticello, Utah, by Dale Sanderson
 Arizona Roads by Alan Hamelton
 Colorado Highways by Matt Salek
 U.S. Highways in New Mexico by Steve Riner

91-4
91-4
91-4
91-4
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Gallup, New Mexico
Transportation in McKinley County, New Mexico
Transportation in San Juan County, New Mexico
Transportation in Montezuma County, Colorado
Transportation in Dolores County, Colorado
Transportation in San Juan County, Utah

U.S. Route 491


المعركة (وجمعها معارك) هي صراع بين مجموعتين أو أكثر، وعادة ما تقام المعارك في سياق الحروب، ويتفاوت عدد المقاتلين ويتغير للغاية، فيمكن أن يتراوح بين عدد قليل من الأفراد في كل معسكر إلى مئات الآلاف، وتنتهي المعركة غالبا بفوز أحد الطرفين، إما بالقضاء على الخصوم أو انسحابهم.

الخصائص
لقد كانت السمة المميزة للمعركة كمفهوم في العلوم العسكرية ديناميكيةً خلال مسار التاريخ العسكري، إذ تغيرت مع التغيرات في تنظيم وتوظيف القوات العسكرية وتقدم التكنولوجيا الخاصة بها.

في حين اقترح المؤرخ العسكري الإنجليزي السير «جون كيجان» تعريفًا مثاليًا للمعركة على أنها «شيء يحدث بين جيشين يؤدي إلى التفكك المعنوي ثم الجسدي لأحدهما أو الآخر»، نادرًا ما يمكن تلخيص أصول المعارك ونتائجها بدقة.

بشكل عام، كانت المعركة خلال القرن العشرين، ولا تزال، مُحددة من خلال القتال بين القوات المعارضة التي تمثل المكونات الرئيسية لإجمالي القوات المنخرطة في الحملة العسكرية، لتحقيق أهداف عسكرية محددة. عندما تكون مدة المعركة أطول من أسبوع، فغالبًا ما يكون ذلك بسبب ما يُطلق عليه اسم «عملية» والتي يخطط لها «ركن تخطيط العمليات». يمكن تخطيط المعارك أو مواجهتها أو فرضها من قِبل إحدى القوى على الأخرى عندما تكون الأخيرة غير قادرة على الانسحاب من القتال.

دائمًا ما تكون غاية المعركة هي تحقيق هدف المهمة باستخدام القوة العسكرية. يُحقق النصر في المعركة عندما يجبر أحد الطرفين المتعارضين الطرف الآخر على التخلي عن مهمته والاستسلام، واندحار القوات (أي، إجبارها على التراجع أو جعلها غير فعالة عسكريًا للقيام بالمزيد من العمليات القتالية)، أو حتى إبادة القوات بالكامل ما يؤدي إلى موتها أو أسرها. مع ذلك، قد تنتهي المعركة بـ «نصر بيروسي»، الذي يصب في النهاية في مصلحة الطرف المهزوم. إذا لم يتم التوصل إلى حل في المعركة، فقد يؤدي ذلك إلى «طريق مسدود عسكريًا». غالبًا ما يقود الصراع الذي لا يرغب أي طرف فيه بالتوصل إلى قرار من خلال المعركة التقليدية إلى عصيانٍ ضد السلطة.

المراجع

عمليات عسكرية حسب النوع
مصطلحات عسكرية

معركة


Artie Kornfeld (* 9. September 1942 in Brooklyn, New York City, mit vollem Namen Arthur Lawrence Kornfeld, ursprünglich Avraham ben Yisroel Kornfeld) ist ein US-amerikanischer Musiker, Songwriter, Musikproduzent und Manager. Bekannt ist er vor allem als der Vater des Woodstock-Festivals von 1969 ("The Father of Woodstock").

Leben und Werk
Artie Kornfeld wuchs in einer jüdischen Mittelklasse-Familie im New Yorker Stadtteil Brooklyn auf. Kornfelds Vater stammte von Migranten aus Russland ab und arbeitete als Polizist, Kornfelds Mutter war jüdisch-orthodox geprägt.  Bereits in jungen Jahren stand Artie Kornfeld als Begleitsänger u. a. mit Dion and the Belmonts auf der Bühne. Er schrieb zahlreiche Hits, darunter (zusammen mit Steve Duboff) The Pied Piper, 1966 ein Top-Hit für Crispian St. Peters. Mit Duboff bildete er Mitte der 1960er das Folk-Duo "The Changin' Times", das 1965 mit Cher auf Tour ging.

Im Alter von erst 21 Jahren wurde Kornfeld jüngster Teilhaber und Vizepräsident von Capitol Records, zuständig für den wachsenden Rockmusik-Markt (First Vice President of Rock Music). 1968 lernte er den Musikproduzenten Michael Lang kennen. Zusammen mit den Unternehmern John Roberts und Joel Rosenman planten und realisierten die beiden das Woodstock-Festival.

Zu den zahlreichen Musikern und Bands, mit denen Kornfeld als Produzent, Manager und Komponist zusammengearbeitet hat, gehören Survivor, Sheryl Crow, Bruce Springsteen, Depeche Mode, Santana, Neil Young, Pink Floyd, Aerosmith, Alice Cooper, Joe Cocker, ZZ Top und viele mehr.

Weblinks
 Artie Kornfelds Woodstock-Seiten (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Musikproduzent
Veranstalter (Musik)
Songwriter
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1942
Mann

Artie Kornfeld


Safia Al Sayegh (en ), née le , est une coureuse cycliste émiratie. Elle est multiple championne des Émirats arabes unis.

Biographie
Safiya Al Sayegh commence le cyclisme à l'âge de , après avoir pratiqué la natation, la gymnastique et l'athlétisme. Elle s'entraîne avec son père sur de courtes distances près de chez eux. Lorsqu'elle entend parler de la création d'une équipe nationale féminine de cyclisme, elle demande à son père de la rejoindre. Au début, il est contre l'idée parce qu'il craint pour ses résultats scolaires. Plus tard, elle concourt pour l'équipe cycliste de la police de Dubaï.

En 2019, elle devient double championne des Émirats arabes unis chez les juniors (moins de ). La même année, elle termine quatrième de la course en ligne aux championnats asiatiques sur route juniors. Elle participe principalement à des courses en Afrique et en Asie, à l'exception d'une participation à la course cycliste irlandaise Rás na mBan. Elle participe également à des courses de VTT. Elle termine à plusieurs reprises sur le podium aux championnats arabes, sur route et sur piste.

En 2022, elle remporte les titres nationaux sur la course en ligne et le contre-la-montre individuel. La même année, elle signe un contrat avec l'équipe UAE ADQ. Cela fait d'elle la première femme de son pays à participer à l'UCI World Tour féminin et la première cycliste professionnelle à porter le hijab. Elle est également la deuxième cycliste de son pays après Yousif Mirza à courir pour une UCI WorldTeam. Elle choisit de terminer ses études universitaires en design graphique d'ici mai 2022, avant de commencer à courir pour l'équipe.

Dans une interview, Al Sayegh a souligné qu'elle considère son engagement . Elle veut encourager les filles, en particulier arabes et musulmanes, à faire du vélo et à faire de la compétition sportive.

Palmarès sur route
 2019
  Championne des Émirats arabes unis sur route juniors
  Championne des Émirats arabes unis du contre-la-montre juniors
 2022
  Championne des Émirats arabes unis sur route juniors
  Championne des Émirats arabes unis du contre-la-montre
  Médaillée d'argent au championnat arabe sur route
  Médaillée de bronze du championnat d'Asie du contre-la-montre espoirs

Notes et références

Liens externes

Coureuse cycliste émiratie
Naissance en septembre 2001
Naissance aux Émirats arabes unis

Safia Al Sayegh


K'etetaalkkaanee (također se piše K't-talqani ili na druge načine, a ponekad poznat i kao Betohoh ili Betoxox), Herojski ubojica čudovišta u folkloru Koyukona, poznat na engleskom kao Lutalica ili Transformer. Često koristi svoju pamet radije nego svoju snagu da porazi svoje neprijatelje, nakon čega ih ili ubija ili pretvara u nešto bezopasno. K'etetaalkkaanee je također zaslužan za izum prvog kanua. Poistovjećuju ga s dabrom, a neki pripovjedači Koyukona daju mu ime Pametni Dabar, Mudri Dabar ili Čovjek Dabar.

Izvori

Indijanska mitologija
Koyukon mitologija

K'etetaalkkaanee


José (Pepe) Frisuelos (Pelahustán, Toledo, 1956) es un fotógrafo español natural de Pelahustán, Castilla-La Mancha pero que vive y desarrolla su trabajo en Madrid. Su formación fotográfica inicial se desarrolló en los entornos del CEI, la Galería IMAGE y la Real Sociedad Fotográfica de Madrid, habiendo llegado a trabajar posteriormente como un importante y prestigioso fotógrafo de laboratorio, hasta el punto de llegar a montar su propio laboratorio y desarrollar en él las labores de positivado de las obras de importantes figuras de la fotografía en España, como Ouka Leele o Cristina García Rodero.

Tras haber sido alumno de fotógrafos como Manuel Sonseca, ha terminado impartiendo talleres organizados por éste, entre otros muchos.

Desde la década de los 80 son muy numerosos sus premios y exposiciones, entre las cuales tiene más de una treintena individuales, siendo varias de ellas de carácter internacional: (Inglaterra, Argentina...)

También es un reconocido impulsor de actividades y un prestigioso profesor, especialmente en relación con su profundo dominio de la técnica del Sistema de zonas y el positivado de fotografía química tradicional. En relación con ello ha participado en infinidad de encuentros y congresos fotográficos a lo largo de toda la geografía española.

Actualmente es presidente de la asociación de promoción de la fotografía Entrefotos, que anualmente realiza uno de los encuentros fotográficos más importantes de Madrid, y director del laboratorio fotográfico DayLight

Entre las galerías que promocionan su obra están la grancanaria Saro León y la madrileña LuzDía.

Exposiciones individuales (selección)
 1987: Centro de Enseñanzas de la Imagen de Madrid
 1988: Red Herring Gallery de Brighton, Reino Unido
 1992: Galería Labirinto de Oporto, Portugal
 1994: Northbrook Photography Gallery, Reino Unido
 1996: Centro Winterthur de Madrid
 2000: Sala Cultura del Ayuntamiento de Nerja, Málaga
 2001: VII Jornadas Argentinas de Fotografía, FotoClub de Buenos Aires (Argentina)
 2002: "Buenos días, Vietnam", Auditorio municipal Maestro Padilla de Almería
 2004: Sala de Hacienda de la Diputación Foral de Bizkaia en Bilbao
 2004: "Gente de la calle", Sala EFTI de Valencia
 2008: "Gente de la calle", Universidad Jaime I (UJI), Castellón

Exposiciones colectivas (selección)
 1987: Congreso UCT, Estocolmo, Suecia
 1991: Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid
 1993: Colección privada de Gabriel Cualladó, IVAM, Valencia
 1987: Congreso UCT, Estocolmo, Suecia
 1995: The Gallery of the association of photographer, London, UK. London, Reino Unido
 1996: Premios Abeja, Centro Cultural municipal San Fernando (Cádiz)
 2005: Concurso Purificación García, Círculo de Bellas Artes de Madrid
 2005: Concurso Purificación García, Palacio de la Virreina de Barcelona
 2008: Artistas y Fotógrafos. Imágenes para una colección. Museo de Madrid Arte Contemporáneo. de Madrid

Libros
 2000: "Click"
 2007: "Playeras"

Presencia en Colecciones
 Gabriel Cualladó
 Galería Cuatropordiecisiete
 Simarro
 Hotel Bauza
 Mauricio d'Ors
 Conserjería de las Artes de Madrid
 EFTI
 Cromotex
 Photomuseum de Zarauz
 Fernando Gordillo
 José María Díaz-Maroto
 Antonio Pérez
 José Luís Mur
 Pepe Lumbreras
 Museo Arte Contemporáneo Ayuntamiento de Madrid
 María Corral
 Leopoldo Zugaza
 Alberto Adsuara
 Archivo Real Sociedad Fotográfica de Madrid
 Mónica Carabias
 Rena Bransten Gallery, San Francisco, California
 Galería Saro Leon, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Premios (selección)
 1982: Primer premio regional CAMPSA, Madrid.
 1983: Primer premio regional CAMPSA, Madrid.
 1985: Segundo premio Concurso Dirección General de Comunicaciones.
 1989: Premio Blanco y Negro. IV Muestra Cultural de la UGT.
 1991: Tercer premio XXXV Salón nacional de Fotografía de la Real Sociedad Fotográfica, Madrid.
 1991: Primer premio concurso Nacional Cisneros. , Madrid.
 1995: Abeja de Plata en Guadalajara.
 1996: Abeja de Plata en Guadalajara.
 2005: Seleccionado en el concurso Purificación García.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Información sobre el autor en Arte Informado
 Pepe Frisuelos en la Real Sociedad Fotográfica

 El Ángel Caído
 Círculo Fotográfico Man Ray
 Video sobre Sigfrido de Guzman con participación de Pepe Frisuelos

Frisuelos Pepe
Frisuelos Pepe
Frisuelos Pepe
Frisuelos Pepe
Nacidos en Pelahustán

Pepe Frisuelos


Dibenzotiepinas são compostos heterocíclicos derivados da tiepina contendo dois anéis de benzeno. Podem ocorrer com ou sem hidrogênio, oxigênio, nitrogênio, enxofre, fósforo e outros elementos. Além disso, podem ocorrer em forma de cadeia carbônica ou anel de carbono. Exemplos incluem:

Compostos heterocíclicos

Dibenzotiepina


نظام كراي XMT قد تم هندسته معمارياً لرفع تصميم نظام كراي MPP ولجعله قابل للتطوير وأكثر توافقية ومنصة للحاسبات العملاقة الاقتصادية المعتمدة على تقنية المعالجة المتوازية (Multithreaded).
• التصميم يستند على شفرة معالجة نظام كراي MPP ولكن يستعمل تقنية AMD Torrenza Innovation Socket لتزويد مقابس إيه إم دي أبترون ب رقائق Cray Threadstorm متطورة من أجل تقنية المعالجة المتوازية.

البنية التفرعية التي تعتمد عليها هذه المخدمات

• معالج واحد من Cray Threadstorm يمكن أن تدعم 128 خط متزامنين في وقت واحد وتربط بحدود 8 غيغا بايت من الذاكرة الرئيسية والتي تسهل الوصول بشكل إجمالي إلى أي معالج آخر في النظام.
• كل معالج من نوع Cray Threadstorm يوصل مباشرة شريحة ربط خاصة Cray SeaStar2 مما أدى إلى زيادة التردد و إلى ميزة زمن قصير للوصول إلى الشبكة لكل أنظمة Cray .
• وهذا يسمح لمنصة Cray XMT أن تدرج من 24 إلى أكثر من 8000 معالج مزودة ب مليون خط متزامن و64 تيرا بايت من الذاكرة المشتركة.
• وهناك تقنيات أخرى تستخدم نظام Cray XTTM ومنصة Cray XMT تتضمن منظومة AMD Opteron منفصلة معتمدة على خدمة الشفرات والتي نستطيع أن نعدها لاحتياجات معينة، للإدخال والإخراج والوصول إلى الشبكة أو وظائف النظام ويمكن أيضاً تزويدها بمعالجة بيانات غير محدودة لهذه التطبيقات والتي تكون مخدمة جيداٌ بواسطة من تقنيات المعالجة المتوازية و Scalar .
• يدير نظام Cray XMT نظام التشغيل الذي يوزع نواة المعالجة المتوازية إلى معالج الشفرات وإلى نظام التشغيل Linux الموجود على الخدمة وإلى شفرات الإدخال والإخراج هذا يسمح لعقد المعالجة أن تركز على التطبيق بدون أن يكون هناك إعاقة في وظيفة النظام الإداري.

- البيئة التي تعمل عليها المعالجات:

بيئة برمجة Cray XMT تتضمن أدوات تحليل البرامج المتقدمة لهذه البرامج المتطورة:
• C and C++ compilers
• Automatic parallelization
• STL and common math libraries
• Cross compiler on Linux processors
• gcc/g++ on Linux nodes
• Cray Apprentice2™ for compiler analysis and performance visualization

- مواصفات Cray XMT:

وحدة المعالجة المركزية
• 500 MHz Single 64-bit Cray Threadstorm Processor,128 Threads per processor
• 4 or 8 GB per processor
• Opteron socket 940 compatible
• Low Power 30 Watt Design
• 96 CPUs per cabinet (max), 8024 CPUs per system (max)

وحدات الإدخال والإخراج
• XMT I/O is controlled by specialized service nodes based on the AMD Opteron processor.
• I/O uses PCI-X interfaces associated with service nodes.
• 2 Gb/s Fiber Channel disk interfaces to DDN and Engenio RAID systems.
• 1 GbE and 10GbE network connections.

نظام التشغيل MTK
Monolithic OS that provides a global shared memory view of the system API is based on BSD 4.4 with Cray extensions

المترجمات
C/C++ optimizing compiler developed by Cray to target the XMT instruction set architecture Aggressive automatic parallelization capability.

الطاقة
15 - 22.5 kW (15.3 - 22.9 kVA) per cabinet, depending on configuration. 80 AMP at 200/208VAC (3 Phase & Ground), 63 AMP at 400 VAC (3 Phase, Neutral & Ground)

الأبعاد
H 80.50 in. (2045 mm) x W 22.50 in. (572 mm) x D 56.75 in. (1441 mm)

الوزن
1529 lbs per cabinet (694 kg)

المراجع

http://Cray.com

مراجع

استحداثات متعلقة بالحواسيب في 2005
حواسيب فائقة
منتجات كراي

نظام كراي XMT


Latouchia yejiei est une espèce d'araignées mygalomorphes de la famille des Halonoproctidae.

Distribution
Cette espèce est endémique de Hainan en Chine. Elle se rencontre dans le xian de Ledong.

Description
Le mâle holotype mesure  et la femelle paratype .

Étymologie
Cette espèce est nommée en l'honneur de Ye-jie Lin.

Publication originale
 Zhang & Wang, 2021 : « Two new species of the genus Latouchia Pocock, 1901 from southeast China (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Halonoproctidae). » Biodiversity Data Journal, , , .

Liens externes

Notes et références

Halonoproctidae
Espèce d'araignées (nom scientifique)
Faune endémique de Hainan

Latouchia yejiei


Svijet

Otkrića

Osnivanja

Događaji

Nagrade i priznanja

Rođenja

 21. siječnja: Konrad Bloch, njemačko-američki biokemičar († )

Smrti

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Otkrića

Osnivanja

Događaji

Nagrade i priznanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Biologija u 1912.


Don Martin (May 18, 1931 – January 6, 2000) was an American cartoonist whose best-known work was published in Mad from 1956 to 1988. His popularity and prominence were such that the magazine promoted Martin as "Mad's Maddest Artist."

Early years
Born on May 18, 1931, in Paterson, New Jersey, and raised in nearby Brookside and Morristown, Martin studied illustration and fine art at Newark School of Fine and Industrial Arts between 1949 and 1951 and subsequently graduated from the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1952. In 1953, he worked briefly as a window trimmer and frame maker before providing paste ups and mechanicals for various offset printing clients and beginning his career as freelance cartoonist and illustrator. Martin's work first appeared in Mad in the September 1956 issue.

Martin suffered from eye problems for his entire life.  He underwent two corneal transplants: the first in 1949, at the age of 18, and the second forty years later in 1989.  After the first procedure, Martin's head had to be held in place for three days by a pair of sandbags to prevent movement.

Just prior to his work with Mad, Don Martin illustrated the album covers of a few legendary jazz artists for Prestige Records, including Miles Davis' 1956 album Miles Davis and Horns (Prestige LP 7025). He also did The Art Farmer Septet (Prestige LP 7031), Sonny Stitt / Bud Powell / J.J. Johnson (Prestige LP 7024), Kai Winding's Trombone By Three (Prestige LP 7023) and Stan Getz' The Brothers (Prestige LP 7022).  "They're still using these covers," Martin told the Orlando Sentinel in 1985. "I got $50." He also drew greeting cards, and illustrations for jazz and science fiction magazines.

Career with Mad
Martin brought his portfolio to the Mad offices in 1956 and was immediately given an assignment.  "The drawings that I first brought to them were kind of tight," he later recalled. "There was a very tight kind of design quality — I was using a very fine line. They encouraged me to loosen up a little bit and that's what I did."

Martin often was billed as "Mad'''s Maddest Artist." Whereas other features in Mad, recurring or otherwise, typically were headed with pun-filled "department" titles, Martin's work always was headed with only his name—"Don Martin Dept." — further fanfare presumably being unnecessary.

At his peak, each issue of Mad typically carried three Martin strips of one or two pages each.  But Martin also did several longer pieces, including parodies of poems by writers like Longfellow, Coleridge, Edgar Guest and Clement Clarke Moore, thematic collections of gags on a single subject such as Moses, superheroes or Dracula, as well as full parodies of the Gentle Ben TV series and the films Excalibur and Conan the Barbarian.  He also drew some insert bonus material for "Mad Specials" such as stickers and posters.

Although Martin's contributions invariably featured outrageous events and sometimes outright violations of the laws of space-time, his strips typically had unassuming generic titles such as "A Quiet Day in the Park" or "One Afternoon at the Beach." The six-panel "The Impressionist" features a bull who becomes a famous artist by smearing an outdoor painter against his canvas and displaying his remains as an abstract design. The four-panel "One Night in the Miami Bus Terminal" presents a man who approaches a machine labeled "Change," inserts a dollar bill, and changes to a woman. In another gag, a man is flattened by a steamroller but is saved by the intervention of two passersby, who fold him as a paper airplane and throw him to the nearest hospital.

Style and technique

Martin's immediately recognizable drawing style (which featured bulbous noses and the iconic hinged foot) was loose, rounded, and filled with broad slapstick. His inspirations, plots, and themes were often bizarre and at times bordered on the berserk. In his earliest years with Mad, Martin used a more jagged, scratchy line. His style evolved, settling into its familiar form by 1964. It was typified by a sameness in the appearance of the characters (the punchline to a strip often was emphasized by a deadpan take with eyes half open and the mouth absent or in a tight, small circle of steadfast perplexity) and by an endless capacity for newly coined, onomatopoetic sound effects, such as "BREEDEET BREEDEET" for a croaking frog, "PLORTCH" for a knight being stabbed by a sword, or "FAGROON klubble klubble" for a collapsing building. (Martin's dedication to onomatopoeia was such that he owned a vanity license plate which read "SHTOINK," patterned after the style of his famed sound effects.)

His characters often had ridiculous, rhyming names such as Fester Bestertester or Fonebone (which was expanded to Freenbean I. Fonebone in at least one strip), as well as Lance Parkertip, Noted Notary Public. In this middle period, Martin created some of his most absurdist work—for example, "National Gorilla Suit Day"—an extended narrative in which a hapless character is violently assaulted by a series of attackers in various disguises, including gorillas dressed as men. Charles Taylor described Martin's unique art style:

His people are big-nosed schmoes with sleepy eyes, puffs of wiry hair, and what appear to be life preservers under the waistline of their clothes. Their hands make delicate little mincing gestures and their strangely thin, elongated feet take a 90-degree turn at the toes as they step forward. Whether they're average Joes or headhunters, Martin's people share the same physique: a tottering tower of obloids. Martin puts the bodies of these characters through every kind of permutation, treating them as much like gadgets as the squirting flowers and joy buzzers that populate his gags: glass eyes pop out from a pat on the back; heads are steamrollered into manhole-cover shapes. All of this accompanied by a Dadaist panoply of sound effects found nowhere else: shtoink! shklorp! fwoba-dap! It's unlikely Samuel Beckett was aware of Don Martin, but had he been he might have recognized a kindred spirit.

His work probably reached its final peak of quality and technical detail in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Though Martin described his art style to an interviewer in 1985: "It's still evolving, it's still changing." In later years, particularly during the 1980s, he let other people write most of his gags, most notably Duck Edwing.

Concurrent with his Mad output, Martin and an assortment of writers produced a series of paperback books, to which he retained the copyrights and eventual publishing rights. For this reason, the content of these books was not included in 2007's Completely Mad Don Martin box set. Martin described his heavy workload for these projects:

Once I get the OK on the roughs I start the finished drawings. I sort of begin this stage slowly, because doing the finished work always ends up being a seven-day week. An all day, and all evening ordeal. I always anticipate I can draw the books faster than I can. That is a big mistake, since it adds a lot of anxiety, and aggravation to the project. I thought I had developed a system with the last one. I worked on the book in batches of 15 pages or so. I even kept a record to see how long it took me to do the pencils, and how long it took me to do the inks, but it still ended up being seven days a week for a couple of months. I find I have to get some momentum going when I draw. I can't work with interruptions. I like to have three or four days where I don't even leave the house on an errand. I get a lot more done that way, because I build up a head of steam.

Post-Mad work
In his last years of working with Mad, Martin had a falling out with publisher William Gaines over royalties for the paperback compilations of older Mad articles and cartoons released under new omnibus titles, such as The Self-Made Mad. Gaines insisted that Martin's original page rate was for both publication in Mad and all future reprints in any format. Martin objected, claiming at one point that he had likely lost over $1 million in royalties because of this "flat rate" for this work. Martin later testified before a Congressional subcommittee on the rights of freelance artists.

With bad blood flowing in both directions, Martin left Mad in late 1987. His last contribution appeared in issue No. 277 of March 1988 ("One Special Day in the Dungeon", written by Antonio Prohías). Soon afterwards, he began cartooning for the rival humor publication Cracked, which alluded to Martin's defection from its larger competitor by billing Martin as "Crackeds Crackedest Artist". Martin's debut cover for Cracked, issue 235, was pointedly signed "©1988 D. Martin".

"As far as I could tell, he was happy," said fellow Cracked artist Dan Clowes.  "I don't think he ever seemed to notice that Mad was respected, whereas Cracked was loathed."

After six years with Cracked, Martin parted company with the magazine. A year later, he launched his own short-lived publication, Don Martin Magazine. This included reprints from some of his original Mad paperbacks to which he had retained copyrights. The first issue included an otherwise nonsensical Martin "interview" conducted by Martin himself, in which he said, "My agent thinks I was nuts to have worked there [Mad] as long as I did," before expressing fondness for his time at Cracked. In 1991, Martin complained about Mads chummy and tribal atmosphere to the Los Angeles Times, saying, "It's looked upon by the people there as a good thing, like one big family.  I came to realize that it's only a good thing for Bill Gaines. I was so terribly loyal all those years that I turned down work because I had something for Mad Magazine—which is ridiculous."

From 1989 to 1993, Don Martin created a daily comic strip called The Nutheads, featuring a family that worked at "Glump's Market," a cluttered store. The characters included a mother and father, Hazel and Nutley, and their two children, Macadamia and baby Nutkin.  It was briefly syndicated by Universal Press Syndicate; Martin later revived and self-syndicated the strip.

Despite a degenerative eye condition, Martin continued to draw through the 1990s using special magnifying equipment.

Martin was a member of both the National Cartoonists Society and The Graphic Artists Guild (GAG). He resigned from GAG and returned a donation from them in 1997, following a dispute.

Personal life and death

In 1972, after sitting for an interview with The Miami Herald, the newspaper wanted to take a photograph of Martin and his family to accompany the piece.  Martin refused.  However, he then drew impromptu lifesized character masks, which Martin, his wife, and children obligingly wore over their faces for the published portrait.

He remarried in 1979, taking Norma Haines (Martin) as his new wife. Their marriage lasted until his death.

In 2000, he died of cancer in Coconut Grove, Florida at age 68.

Awards and honors
Martin was honored with the Ignatz Award at the Orlando Comicon in 1980. He received the National Cartoonists Society's Special Features Award in both 1981 and 1982, and he was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 2004.

Martin's cartoons appear in public collections at the National Cartoonists Society and the Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum. He served as a juror at "Hürriyet Vakfı," an International Cartoon Competition held in Ankara, Turkey in 1986.

Influence on popular culture
Martin's work has been referenced in numerous arenas, from The Simpsons and Family Guy to The Colbert Report to Jonathan Lethem's 1999 novel Motherless Brooklyn, which describes in detail the Tourette's-afflicted protagonist's affinity for Martin's cartoons. The character of Uncle Grandpa was inspired by the look of Martin's designs.

In 1986, the animated feature Don Martin Does It Again was created in Germany by director Andy Knight, and produced by  Deutsche Zeichentrick Erste Produktions GmbH & Co. KG. It won first prize at the 1986 International Children's Film Festival in Chicago.Ergänzende Selbstauskunft dzt Deutsche Zeichentrick Production Credits, p. 8 . Accessed March 26, 2008 Martin strips have also been adapted on Cartoon Network's Mad and the Fox sketch program MADtv.The name of the Fone Bone character in cartoonist Jeff Smith's epic graphic novel Bone is derived from Fonebone, the generic surname that Martin gave to many of the characters that appeared in his Mad magazine strips.

In episode No. 307, "The Day the Earth Stood Stupid" (2001), of Matt Groening's science-fiction animated television series Futurama, lead character Hermes Conrad mentions a planet called "Don Martin 3" that went "kerflooey", an homage to one of Martin's sound effects. The "Stranded in Space" film shown on TV's Mystery Science Theater 3000 (episode 305) included various visual weapon sound effects (e.g., a gun with a flag which pops out, bearing the sound effect "BANG!").  After a stick of dynamite produced a banner reading "KACHOW", one of the show's characters wondered, "Kachow?  Kachow?!  What, is Don Martin working with you guys now?!"

In 2007, a two-volume hardcover box set of Martin's complete Mad magazine work was published by Running Press.

Taking their cue from one of Martin's more celebrated stories, National Gorilla Suit Day, fans have celebrated National Gorilla Suit Day by wearing gorilla suits on January 31. No specific date is given in the story, which appeared in the 1963 paperback book Don Martin Bounces Back.

 Books
 Don Martin Steps Out (1961)
 Don Martin Bounces Back (1963)
 Don Martin Drops 13 Stories (1965)
 Adventures of Captain Klutz (1967)
 Don Martin Cooks up More Tales (1969)
 Don Martin Comes on Strong (1971)
 Don Martin Carries On (1973)
 The Completely Mad Don Martin (1974)
 Don Martin Steps Further Out (1975)
 Don Martin Forges Ahead (1977)
 Don Martin Digs Deeper (1979)
 Don Martin Grinds Ahead (1981)
 Captain Klutz II (1983)
 Don Martin Sails Ahead'' (1986)

See also
 Captain Klutz

References

External links
 The Don Martin Shrine, various galleries featuring Don Martin's art
 The Don Martin Dictionary, an alphabetical archive of all his sound effects
 Complete list of Martin's cartoons for MAD
 Don Martin biography on the Lambiek Comiclopedia
 Article about Martin on Salon.com

1931 births
2000 deaths
20th-century American artists
Album-cover and concert-poster artists
American comics artists
American surrealist artists
American illustrators
Artists from Miami
Deaths from cancer in Florida
Mad (magazine) cartoonists
Artists from Paterson, New Jersey
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts alumni
Surreal comedy
Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame inductees

Don Martin (cartoonist)


Tatanka, şu anlamlara gelebilir:

 Tatanka (kitap), Muharrem İnce'ye ait şiir kitabı
 Amerika bizonu, Lakota dilinde tatanka
 Tatanka (güreşçi), (d. 1965), Amerikan profesyonel güreşçi
 Tatanka (film), 2011 dram filmi

Tatanka


الدربوكة آلة موسيقية إيقاعية عربية. وهي تتكون من جسم من الفخار مشدوداً عليه قطعة من الجلد المحضر بعناية لهذا الغرض.
تتمتع بأصوات إيقاعية رائعة وبنغمات مختلفة وتعتبر من أهم الآلات الإيقاعية حيث يعتمد عليها الفن الأندلسي في توجيه باقي الآلات الموسيقية. تـُعرف في عدن وجنوب الجزيرة العربية بالدربوجة. أما في مصر فتعرف بالطبلة أو الدربوكة، وفي الجزائر والمغرب تعرف بالدربوكة، وفي سوريا بالدربكة وفي العراق بالدنبك،وفي السودان تسمى دلوكة ولها موازين كثيرة منها (القباحي العلاوي القبائلي الشرقي...).

طالع أيضا
 طعريجة

مراجع

آلات موسيقية أذربيجانية
آلات موسيقية أرمنية
آلات موسيقية إيقاعية
آلات موسيقية تركية
آلات موسيقية صربية
آلات موسيقية عربية
آلات موسيقية مصرية
آلات موسيقية مصرية قديمة
آلات موسيقية مغربية

دربوكة


Necdet Calp (d. 7 Eylül 1922, Karamürsel - ö. 13 Eylül 1998, Ankara, Türkiye), Türk bürokrat ve siyasetçi. Bürokraside kariyer yapmış, 12 Eylül dönemi sonrasında da günün şartlarının sol kanat partisi Halkçı Parti'nin lideri olarak hatırlarda kalmış olan Calp, 22 Ekim 1983 günü Turgut Özal'ın da yer aldığı bir seçim öncesi televizyon tartışmasında Boğaziçi Köprüsü için "Satamazsınız beyefendi satamazsınız" deyişi ile akıllardadır.

İlk yılları ve kariyeri
1922 yılında Karamürsel'de doğan Necdet Calp, ilköğrenimini Karamürsel Merkez İlkokulu'nda gördü. Ortaokulu İzmit'te okudu. Ankara Erkek Lisesi edebiyat bölümünü birincilikle bitirdi. 1944 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi'ni bitirirken, fark sınavını vererek Hukuk Fakültesi'nde de mezun oldu.

Kaymakamlık, mülkiye müfettişliği ve valilik görevlerinde bulundu; Kazımpaşa, Karasu ve Hendek'te kaymakam vekilliği yaptıktan sonra Kütahya'ya bağlı, yeni ilçe olan Altıntaş'ın ilk kaymakamı oldu. 1951-1954 arasında Çınar, Kaman ve Haymana'da kaymakamlık yaptı. Yedeksubaylığını topçu asteğmeni olarak yaptı. Topçu okulunu da birincilikle bitirdi. 1956-1958 yıllarında Londra Ekonomi Okulu'de yerel yönetimler maliyesi hakkında seminerleri izledi. 1960'ta Siirt valiliğine atandı.

Siyasi kariyeri
1960 yılında Başbakanlık Özel Kalem Müdürlüğü'ne atandıktan sonra Türkiye'nin dördüncü cumhurbaşkanı Cemal Gürsel ve Türkiye'nin ikinci cumhurbaşkanı olup da 1961 genel seçimlerinden sonra kurulan koalisyon hükûmetlerinin başbakanı olan İsmet İnönü ile birlikte beş yıl bu görevde kaldı.

1965 yılında Sevil Örten ile evlendi. Aynı yıl Sümerbank Yönetim Kurulu Başkanlığı'na getirilen Calp, önce İzmir vali vekilliği, 1978 yılında da İzmir valisi olarak atandı. 1979 tarihine kadar bu görevde kaldı. İzmir Valiliği'nden sonra bir süre Merkez Valiliği'nde bulundu. 12 Eylül Darbesi'nden sonra 23 Ekim 1980 - 11 Nisan 1983 tarihleri arasında Başbakanlık Müsteşarlığı yaptı.

12 Eylül sonrasında demokrasiye geçiş döneminde Başbakanlık Müsteşarlığı'ndan emekliye ayrıldı. 20 Mayıs 1983'te kurduğu Halkçı Parti'nin (HP) Genel Başkanlığı'na getirildi. Özelleştirme karşıtı tutumuyla tanınan Calp'ın, 6 Kasım 1983'te yapılan milletvekili genel seçimlerinden iki hafta önce, 22 Ekim'de yapılan açık oturumda köprü ve otoyolları satma planlarını anlatan Anavatan Partisi (ANAP) lideri Turgut Özal'a "Satamazsınız beyefendi satamazsınız" diye tepki göstermesi Türk siyasi tarihine geçti. HP seçimlerde yüzde 30 oy oranıyla 117 milletvekilliği kazanırken, Calp da HP Ankara Milletvekili seçildi ve ANAP'ın iktidar olmasıyla anamuhalefet lideri sıfatıyla siyasette yerini aldı.

25 Mart 1984 tarihinde yapılan yerel seçimlerde HP'nin oy oranının yüzde 8'e gerilemesi üzerine parti içinde yoğun tartışmalar başladı. Calp, 3 Nisan tarihinde istifa etmesine rağmen aynı gün içinde yapılan Kurucular Kurulu toplantısında 118 oydan 80'ini alarak yeniden HP Genel Başkanı seçildi.

Calp, 29 Haziran 1985'te toplanan partisinin ilk kurultayında Aydın Güven Gürkan'a karşı genel başkanlık mücadelesini kaybetti, bundan sonra da HP ile SODEP'in birleşme süreci başladı. HP, 2 Kasım 1985 tarihinde topladığı olağanüstü kurultayında tüzük, program ve amblemini değiştirerek Sosyaldemokrat Halkçı Parti (SHP) adını aldı. Sosyal Demokrasi Partisi (SODEP) bir gün sonra 3 Kasım 1985'te yaptığı olağanüstü kurultayında kendini feshederek SHP'ye katıldı. Calp, 1987 genel seçimlerinde aday olmayarak aktif siyasetten çekildi.

13 Eylül 1998 günü kalp yetmezliği sonucu Ankara'daki evinde öldü.

Kaynakça

1922 doğumlular
1998 yılında ölenler
Başbakanlık özel kalem müdürleri
Karamürsel doğumlular
Halkçı Parti genel başkanları
TBMM 17. dönem Ankara milletvekilleri
Ankara'da kalp krizinden ölenler
Türkiye'deki ana muhalefet partisi genel başkanları
Kalp yetmezliğinden ölenler
Resim aranan siyasetçiler
Cebeci Asri Mezarlığı'na defnedilenler
İzmir valileri

Necdet Calp


Magdalena Cononovici () este o soprană română.

A studiat la Conservatorul din București sub îndrumarea profesorilor Ana Tălmăceanu-Dinescu, Iolanda Mărculescu și Arta Florescu, după care pleacă la perfecționare la Milano, unde studiază alături de Gina Cigna.

Debutează cu rolul titular în opera Tosca de Puccini la Opera Română din Cluj-Napoca. A evoluat pe scene importante ale lumii precum , Opéra de Paris, Opéra de Walonie din Liège, Opéra du Rhin de Strasbourg, Berliner Deutsche Oper, München Bayerische Staatsoper, Gran Teatro La Fenice din Veneția.

Opere
 Les Indies Galantes de Rameau
 Adriano în Siria de Pergolese
 Die Zauberflötte (Erste Dame)
 La Clemenza di Tito, Idomeneo (Elettra)
 Don Giovanni (Donna Anna) de Mozart
 Norma (Adalgisa) de Bellini
 Nabucco
 Ernani
 Macbeth
 Il Trovatore
 La forza del destino
 Don Carlo
 Aida
 Otello de Verdi
 La Gioconda de Ponchielli
 Lohengrin
 Tannhäuser
 Der Fliegende Holländer
 Das Rheingold, Die Walküre
 Siegfried
 Götterdämmerung
 Tristan und Isolde (fragmente în concert)
 Parsifal (fragmente în concert) de Wagner
 Edgar
 La Bohème
 Manon Lescaut
 Tosca
 Turandot de Puccini
 Mefistofele de Boito
 Țarska Nevesta de Rimski-Korsakov
 Cavalleria rusticana de Mascagni
 L'Amore dei tre Re de Montemezzi
 Romolo de Salvatore Allegra
 Ion Vodă cel Cumplit de Gheorghe Dumitrescu

Premii
A fost decorată cu:
 Marele Premiu la Toulouse (1969);
 Premiul al II-lea la Verviers (1969);
 Premiul al III-lea la Secțiunea de Oratoriu a Concursului "Francisco Viñas" din Barcelona (1970);
 Premiul I la Concursul "Maria Canals" din Barcelona (1971).

Note

Bibliografie
 Cosma, Viorel - Interpreți din România. Vol. I (A-F), București, 1996

Nașteri în 1937
Nașteri pe 25 iulie
Soprane române
Cântăreți români în viață

Magdalena Cononovici


Do posljednjeg daha (eng. Breathe) je inspirativna istinita priča o Robinu i Diani, avanturističkom paru čiji se život promijeni kada Robinu dijagnosticiraju paralizu.

Sadržaj filma
Kada Robinu u 28. godini dijagnosticiraju paralizu, on biva osuđen na bolnički krevet i tek nekoliko mjeseci života. Uz pomoć Dianine braće i revolucionarnog izumitelja Teddyja Halla, Robin i Diana odbijaju ograničiti svoj način života i kreću u borbu za život odgajajući pri tom svoga sina, putujući i pomažući drugim pacijentima sa sličnom dijagnozom.

Pogreške u filmu
Jedna jedina pogreška u filmu je godina preminuća: filmu se navodi godina 1981. kada je pravi Robin imao 50 godina, a pravi je Robin umro u dobi od 64 godine (po Wikipediji), dakle godine 1994.

Vanjske poveznice

Američki filmovi 2010-ih
Britanski filmovi 2010-ih
Romantični dramski filmovi
Biografski filmovi

Do posljednjeg daha (2017.)


Lawrence Aldred Mervyn Dundas,  marquis de Zetland ( - ) est un joueur de tennis sur gazon d'une certaine notoriété dans les années 1940, connu avant 1961 comme le comte de Ronaldshay.

Biographie
Comme son père et son grand-père avant lui, Dundas fait ses études à Harrow et au Trinity College de Cambridge.

Il joue aux championnats d'Angleterre, à Wimbledon et est également président de l'hippodrome de Catterick Bridge et de l'hippodrome de Redcar pendant de nombreuses années. Il vit à , près de Richmond. Il est choisi comme candidat conservateur pour le siège de Bath si une élection avait eu lieu en 1939/1940.

Le 2 décembre 1936, il épouse Katherine Mary Penelope Pike, fille du colonel Ebenezer John Lecky Pike, et sa femme, l'artiste Olive Constance Snell, ils ont quatre enfants :

 Lawrence Mark Dundas,  marquis de Zetland (né le 28 décembre 1937)
 Serena Jane Dundas (née le 10 septembre 1940 - décédée le 22 novembre 2012) mariée le 15 août 1964 au capitaine Nigel Ion Charles Kettlewell.
 David Paul Nicholas Dundas (né le 2 juin 1945) marié le 17 décembre 1971 avec Corinna Maeve Wolfe Scott; et, le 21 novembre 1997 à Taina Bettina Breuckmann.
 Richard Bruce Dundas (né le 6 janvier 1951) marié, le 15 juin 1974 avec Jane Melanie Wright; et le 9 avril 1983 à Sophie Caroline Lascelles ; et, enfin, le 30 juin 1995 à Ruth Anne Kennedy.

Sa nièce, Carolyne Christie, est mariée à Rock Scully, manager de The Grateful Dead, et plus tard, en 1976, à Roger Waters de Pink Floyd. Son neveu, , le jeune frère de Carolyne, est photographe et réalisateur.

Références

Liens externes

Étudiant de Trinity College (Cambridge)
Élève de Harrow School
Joueur britannique de tennis
Décès en octobre 1989
Naissance en novembre 1908
Décès à 80 ans

Lawrence Dundas (3e marquis de Zetland)


Lilli Nielsen (geborene Reker) (* 21. Dezember 1926 in Rønne, Bornholm; † 24. Juni 2013 in Kolding, Dänemark) war eine dänische Psychologin, die Kinder förderte und unterrichtete, die blind oder sehbehindert und unter Umständen auch mehrfachbehindert sind. Sie veröffentlichte mehrere Lehrwerke im Rahmen der Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagogik.

Leben
Lilli war das zweite von sieben Kindern der Familie Reker, von denen vier blind geboren wurden. Im Alter von sieben Jahren kam ihr daher schon die Aufgabe zu, auf ihren kleinen blinden Bruder aufzupassen.

Anfangs unterrichtete Lilli Reker Vorschulkinder, arbeitete dann in einem Krankenhaus, studierte Psychologie und wurde schließlich als Lehrerin für blinde Kinder angestellt. Sie übernahm später zudem die Leitung der öffentliche Sonderschule für die Förderung von blinden und sehbehinderten Kindern und Jugendlichen in Dänemark, Refsnaesskolen.

Bekannt geworden ist Lilli Nielsen für die Entwicklung von Lernmaterialien, insbesondere für den sogenannten little room, der seit Jahrzehnten weltweit bei der Frühförderung und Förderung von blindgeborenen Kindern Anwendung findet. Für ihre Verdienste wurde sie zum Ritter des Dannebrogorden geschlagen.

Lilli Nielsen starb nach kurzer schwerer Krankheit am 24. Juni 2013 im Öffentlichen Krankenhaus von Kolding an Lungenentzündung.

"Little Room"

Eine der bekanntesten Ideen Lilli Nielsens war die Entwicklung des sog. little rooms. Dieser hat die Form einer großen offenen Schachtel, die meist aus dünnem Holz und Plexiglas hergestellt wird. Den "Little Room" stellt man über das Bettchen oder die Liegematte des betroffenen Babys oder Kleinkindes, ähnlich dem eines nach vorne offenen Verdecks eines Kinderwagens. Von der Decke des little rooms hängen Spielsachen, die einen Reiz für Kinder darstellen. Meist sind es Dinge, die durch ihre Oberflächenbeschaffenheit taktil stimulieren oder bei der Berührung verschiedenartig erklingen, kurz: zum Hinfassen animieren. So kann ein Kind, das blind geboren wurde, analog wie ein sehendes, spielerisch Raumerkundung durchführen und Raumwahrnehmung entwickeln. Ziel ist, neben der Greifschulung und der Förderung der Ohr-Hand-Koordination, Räume begreifen (=verstehen) zu lernen und ein sog. Vierseiten-Konzept der Umwelt zu entwickeln.

Publikationen
 Bist du blind? Entwicklungsförderung sehgeschädigter Kinder, Ed. Bentheim, Würzburg 1992, ISBN 3-925265-39-2
 Das Ich und der Raum. Aktives Lernen im "Kleinen Raum", Ed. Bentheim, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-925265-44-9
 Greife und du kannst begreifen, Ed. Bentheim, Würzburg 1992, ISBN 3-925265-36-8
 Schritt für Schritt. Frühes Lernen von sehgeschädigten und mehrfach behinderten Kindern, Ed. Bentheim, Würzburg 1996, ISBN 3-925265-52-X

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Psychologe
Blindenpädagoge
Pädagoge (20. Jahrhundert)
Sachbuchautor (Pädagogik und Psychologie)
Ritter des Dannebrogordens
Däne
Geboren 1926
Gestorben 2013
Frau

Lilli Nielsen


Yedisu, Bingöl iline bağlı bir ilçedir.

Tarihçe
İlçe, 250 yıllık bir tarihi geçmişe sahiptir. 1951 yılına kadar Çerme köyü olarak, 1951 yılından sonra Kiğı ilçesine bağlı Çerme Bucağı olarak idari taksimatta yerini aldığı görülmektedir. 1970 yılında YSE Müdürlüğünce Çerme merkezinde yapılan ve yedi musluk ihtiva eden çeşmeden dolayı Yedisu ismini almıştır. Yedisu ilçesi, 20 Mayıs 1990 tarih ve 20523 Sayılı Resmi Gazete'de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe giren 9 Mayıs 1990 tarih ve 3644 sayılı "130 İlçe Kurulması Hakkındaki Kanun"la kurulmuştur.

Coğrafya
İlçenin yüzölçümü 426 km2'dir. İl yüzölçümüne oranı yüzde 5.24'tür. İlçe merkezinin deniz seviyesinden yüksekliği 1500 metredir. İl merkezinden uzaklığı 124 km'dir. İlçe merkezi ve bağlı köylerin çoğu Peri suyu etrafında doğu batı aksında bir vadi içinde sıralanmıştır. Peri Vadisinin etrafı dağlık ve sarp bir arazi yapısına sahiptir. doğusunda Çavuşlu Dağı, güneyinde Şeytan Dağı (2.906 m.) batısında Bağır Dağı, kuzeyinde Koşan Dağları (3.078 m.) bulunmaktadır. Kuzey Anadolu Fayının en doğu noktasında yer aldığından dolayı deprem riski çok fazladır.

Nüfus

İdari yapısı
İlçenin bir belediyesi, 13 köyü ve 64 mezrası mevcuttur. Belediye sınırları içinde kalan mahalle muhtarlığı sayısı ise beş (5)tir.

Yedisu'da güvenlik ilçe jandarma komutanlığı tarafından sağlanmakta olup Derecik ile birlikte henüz emniyet teşkilatının bulunmadığı iki ilçeden biridir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yedisu Kaymakamlığı
Yedisu Belediye Başkanlığı

Yedisu

Yedisu


බාඝ් ලෙන් යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ මධ්‍යම ඉන්දියාවේ මධ්‍ය ප්‍රදේශ් ප්‍රාන්තයේ ධාර් දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ ධාර් නගරයේ පිහිටි වින්ධ්‍යාවේ දකුණු බෑවුමෙහි වූ ලෙන් නවයකින් ස්මාරක සංකීර්ණයකි. මෙම ස්මාරක ධාර් නගරයේ සිට 97 km දුරින් පිහිටා ඇත. මෙම ලෙන් ප්‍රකට වී ඇත්තේ ඒවායේ ඇති අනර්ඝ පුරාතන ඉන්දියානු බිතු සිතුවම් සමූහය නිසායි. මෙම ස්ථාන හැඳින්වීමට "ලෙන" යන වදන එතරම් උචිත නොවන්නේ මේව ස්වාභාවිකව නිර්මාණය වූ ලෙන් නොවන නිසායි.

අජන්තාවේ සේම බාඝ් ලෙන් ද කැම ඇත්තේ පළපුරුදු කලාශිල්පීන් විසින් ලම්බක වැලිගල් මුහුණතෙහි ය. මෙය ඍතුමය දිය පහරක් වන බාඝානි හි ඉවුරෙහි පිහිටියේ ය. බෞද්ධ ලෙන් වුව ද, ලෙන් නවයෙන් වර්තමානයේ ශේෂ වී ඇත්තේ ලෙන් හතරක් පමණි. මෙම ලෙන් සියල්ලම 'විහාරයන්' ය. සතරැස් සැලැස්මක් ඇති මෙම ලෙන් භික්ෂූන්ගේ ආවාසශාලා ලෙස භාවිතා වන්නට ඇත. පසුපස ඇතු කුඩා කුටීරය මඟින් 'චෛත්‍යශාලාව' සෑදේ. වත්මන් ලෙන් පහ අතුරින් වඩාත්ම වැදගත් වන්නේ 4වන ලෙනයි. එය රන්ග් මහාල් (වර්ණ මහල) ලෙස හඳුන්වනු ලබයි.

බාඝ් ලෙන් නිර්මාණය වූයේ ක්‍රි.ව. 5වන-6වන සියවස් අතර කාලයේ ය. මෙය ඉන්දියාවේ බෞද්ධාගමේ අවසන් අවධියක් විය.

සිතුවම්
බාඝ් හි ලෙන් අංක 3 සහ 4 (ලෙන් අංක 2,5, සහ 7 හි ශේෂයන් දක්නට ලැබේ) ලෙන් විහාර බිත්තිවල සහ සිවිලිම්වල වූ සිතුවම් කැබලි  ටෙම්පරා ක්‍රමයට සිතුවම් කොට තිබේ. මෙම සිතුවම්වලින් අධ්‍යාත්මිකත්වයට වඩා ලෞකිකත්වය ඉස්මතු කොට තිබේ. මෙහි දී රතු-දුඹුරු පැහැ බොරළු සහිත  ඝන මඩ බදාමයක් බිත්ති සහ සිවිලිම් මත තවරා,  ඒ මත හුනු ආලේප කොට සිතුවම් ඇඳ තිබේ. මෙහි හමුවන සිතුවම් අතුරින් අලංකාරම සිතුවම් ලෙන් අංක 4 හි ද්වාරමණ්ඩපයේ බිත්තිවල දක්නට ලැබේ. මෙය තවදුරටත් විනාශ වීම වැළැක්වීමට 1982දී මෙහිවූ බොහෝ සිතුවම් ප්‍රවේශමෙන් ඉවත්කොට ග්වලියෝර් හි පුරාවිද්‍යා කෞතුකාගාරයේ තැන්පත් කරන ලදී.

දින නිර්ණය
මෙම අඩවියේ අංක 2 ලෙනෙන් හමුවූ තඹ සන්නසක මහාරාජ සුබන්ධු විසින් විහාරය පිළිසකර කිරීමට කළ ප්‍රදානයක් පිළිබඳ සඳහන් වේ. මෙම බාඝ් අභිලේඛනයේ දිනය හමුනොවූව ද, ඔහුගේ බාඩ්වානි තඹ සන්නස වර්ෂය (ගුප්ත වර්ෂ) 167 (487) ලෙස දින නිර්ණිත ය. ඒ අනුව අංක 2 ලෙනෙහි ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණ පසුකාලීන 5වන සියවසේ සිදුවූයේ යැයි සිතිය හැක.

මේවාත් බලන්න

 ඉන්දියාවේ ලෙන් සිතුවම්

සටහන්

වැඩිදුර කියවීමට
 Pande, Anuapa (2002). The Buddhist Cave Paintings of Bagh, New Delhi: Aryan Books International, , sumit vyas

මධ්‍ය ප්‍රදේශ් හි ඉතිහාසය
මධ්‍ය ප්‍රදේශ් හි ලෙන්
ඉන්දියාවේ බෞද්ධ ලෙන්
ඉන්දියාවේ බෞද්ධ ආරාම
ඉන්දියාවේ බෞද්ධ වන්දනා ස්ථාන

බාඝ් ලෙන්


Etorfin, vrsta psihoaktivne droge. Uvrštena je u Hrvatskoj na temelju Zakona o suzbijanju zlouporabe drogu na Popis droga, psihotropnih tvari i biljaka iz kojih se može dobiti droga te tvari koje se mogu uporabiti za izradu droga, pod Popis droga i biljaka iz kojih se može dobiti droga, pod Droge sukladno Popisu 1. Jedinstvene konvencije UN-a o drogama iz 1961. godine. Kemijsko ime je tetrahidro-7α-(1-hidroksi-1-metilbutil)-6,14-endo-etenooripavin.

Izvori

Psihoaktivne droge
Eteri

Etorfin


Sidi Barrani, Mısır'ın kuzeybatısında, Akdeniz sahilinde köy. Libya sınırının 95, Tobruk'un 240 km doğusunda yer alır. II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında Mısır'daki İtalyan işgalinin en önemli noktalarından biriydi.

Mısır'daki köyler
Mısır tarihi
Matruh (il)

Sidi Barrani


Azeez ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Azhar Azeez (* 1971), US-amerikanisch-indische Persönlichkeit des Islam in den Vereinigten Staaten, Präsident der Islamic Society of North America
 Fatima Azeez (* 1992), nigerianische Badmintonspielerin
 Ramon Azeez (* 19892), nigerianischer Fußballspieler

Azeez


Ceropegieae, tribus zimzelenovki smješten u potporodicu Asclepiadoideae. Sastoji se od četiri podtribusa. Tipični rod je Ceropegia L. iz Afrike, tropske i suptropske Azije i Australije.

Podtribusi
 Anisotominae Meve & Liede
 Heterostemminae Meve & Liede
 Leptadeniinae Meve & Liede
 Stapeliinae G.Don

Izvori

Svileničevke

Ceropegieae


إي ، هي لغة برمجة كائنية التوجه صممت لكتابة برامج تتميز بـحوسبة موزعة آمنة، من قبل مارك ميلر ودان بورنستين وغيرهم في شركة إليكتريك كوميونتيز في سنة 1997.
ترجع هذه اللغة إلى لغة جول المتزامنة وإلى إي الأصل ، وهي مجموعة من الملحقات للغة جافا من أجل الحوسبة الموزعة الآمنة.

برمجيات 1997
لغات برمجة
لغات برمجة ديناميكية
لغات برمجة ديناميكية النمط
لغات برمجة عالية المستوى
لغات برمجة كائنية التوجه
لغات برمجة متزامنة
لغات برمجة أنشئت في 1997

إي (لغة برمجة)


"Nazi Punks Fuck Off", peti singl Dead Kennedysa. Izdan je 1981. pod etiketom Alternative Tentacles s "Moral Majority" na B-strani. Obje su s EP-a In God We Trust, Inc., iako inačica s EP-a ima drukčije snimljeno nego inačica sa singlice. Singl ima povez za ruku s prekriženim kukastim križem. Dizajn je poslije usvojen kao simbol antirasističkog punk pokreta Anti-Racist Action. Pjesma je 1982. došla do 11. mjesta na britanskoj ljestvici UK Indie Chart.

Engleski grindcore bend Napalm Death snimio je cover pjesme "Nazi Punks Fuck Off" za svoj EP iz 1993. istog imena. Američki melodični death metal bend Darkest Hour snimio je cover pjesme za album iz 2007. Kerrang! Higher Voltage.

U filmu iz 2015. Green Room pojavljuje se ova pjesma a izvodi ju izmišljeni bend Ain't Rights.

Izvori

Literatura
Blush, Steven. "American Hardcore: A Tribal History". Feral House, 2001.
Robbins, Ira. "The Trouser Press guide to '90s rock". Simon & Schuster, 1997.

Vanjske poveznice
 Entry at Earache's discography
 Dead Kennedys Official site for lyrics

Punk
Dead Kennedys
Političke pjesme

Nazi Punks Fuck Off


"Candle in the Wind 1997" er en sang af Bernie Taupin og Elton John, som en genskrevet og genindspillet udgave af deres sang "Candle in the Wind" fra 1974. Den blev udgivet den 13. september 1997 som en hyldestsingle til den afdøde Prinsesse Diana, hvor de globale indtægter fra sangen gik til Dianas velgørenhedsfonde. I mange lande blev den udsendt som en dobbelt A-side med "Something About the Way You Look Tonight". Teksten blev skrevet af Bernie Taupin og sangen blev produceret af Sir George Martin.

Ifølge Guinness Rekordbog er "Candle in the Wind 1997" den næstmest sælgende single nogensinde (efter Bing Crosbys "White Christmas" fra 1942), og den bedst sælgende single, siden hitlisten begyndte i 1950'erne.

Efter udgivelsen blev "Candle in the Wind 1997" nummer ét på UK Singles Chart som Eltons fjerde single der nåede førstepladsen, og det blev den bedst sælgende single i denne hitlistes historie.  I oktober blev det Eltons niende nummer-ét hit i USA, hvor den toppede Billboard Hot 100 i 14 uger, og den bedst sælgende single i Billboards historie, og det blev den første single, der blev certificeret diamant i USA. Sangen toppede den tyske singlehitliste i syv uger og den australske ARIA Charts i seks uger, og den nåede nummer ét i Japan, Canada, Frankrig og flere andre musikhitlister i verden.

1997-versionen af sangen vandt en Grammy Award for bedste mandlige vokalpræstation 40th Grammy Awards ceremonien i 1998. Den blev indspillet i Townhouse Studios i West London. Ved 1998 Brit Awards blev sangen nomineret til Brit Award for Bedste Britiske Single. Teksten på den tidligere version af "Candle in the Wind", der også blev skrevet af Taupin, var en hyldest til Marilyn Monroe. De første linjer i den oprindelige version "Goodbye Norma Jeane, though I never knew you at all," blev ændret til "Goodbye England's rose, may you ever grow in our hearts." De fleste af teksterne blev ændret for at passe bedre til omstændighederne ved Dianas liv og død.

Hitlister

Ugentlige histlister

Års-hitlister

Referencer

Elton John-sange
Singler fra 1997
Nummer-et hits i Norge
Nummer-et hits i Storbritannien
Nummer-et hits i Danmark
Nummer-et hits i Sverige

Candle in the Wind 1997


චීනයේ වූහාන් නුවරින් ආරම්භ වී 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic බවට වර්ධනය වූ SARS-CoV-2, වෛරසයේ chronology සහ epidemiology පිළිබඳ වන ලිපි ලැයිස්තුවක් මෙහි දැක්වේ.

මාසය අනුව කාලානුරූපය
 Timeline of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in November 2019 – January 2020
 Timeline of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in February 2020
 2020 මාර්තු මාසය තුලදී 2019–20 කොරෝනාවෛරස ව්‍යාප්ත වසංගතයෙහි කාලානුරූපය

සංඛ්‍යාලේඛන

චීනය
2019–20 coronavirus pandemic data/China medical cases
2019–20 coronavirus pandemic data/China medical cases by province

ජාත්‍යන්තර
International medical cases

මූලාශ්‍ර

2019–20 coronavirus pandemic-related lists


Lifes Rich Pageant er det fjerde studiealbum fra det amerikanske alternative rockband R.E.M., der blev udgivet i 1986 på I.R.S. Records. R.E.M. valgte Don Gehman til at producere albummet, som blev indspillet i John Mellencamps Belmont Mall Studios i Belmon, Indiana.

Albummet blev godt modtaget af anmelderne.

Spor
Alle sange er skrevet af Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills og Michael Stipe med mindre andet er noteret.

Side et – "Dinner side"
 "Begin the Begin" – 3:28
 "These Days" – 3:24
 "Fall on Me" – 2:50
 "Cuyahoga" – 4:19
 "Hyena" – 2:50
 "Underneath the Bunker" – 1:25

Side to – "Supper side"
 "The Flowers of Guatemala" – 3:55
 "I Believe" – 3:49
 "What If We Give It Away?" – 3:33
 "Just a Touch" – 3:00
 "Swan Swan H" – 2:42
 "Superman" (Mitchell Bottler og Gary Zekley) – 2:52

1993 I.R.S. Vintage Years genudgivelse med bonus tracks
 "Tired of Singing Trouble" – 0:59
 Previously unreleased
 "Rotary Ten" – 1:58
 B-side of "Fall On Me" American 7" single
 "Toys in the Attic" (Steve Tyler, Joe Perry) – 2:26
 B-side of "Fall On Me" British 12" single
 "Just a Touch" (Live in studio) – 2:38
 Previously unreleased version, recorded live to 2-track during Reckoning sessions, 1984
 "Dream (All I Have to Do)" (Felice and Boudleaux Bryant) – 2:38
 Originally released on the soundtrack to the film Athens, GA: Inside Out, 1987
 "Swan Swan H" (Acoustic version) – 2:41
 Originally released on the soundtrack to the film Athens, GA: Inside Out, 1987
 Note: "Rotary Ten" og "Toys in the Attic" findes på Dead Letter Office.

2011 25th Anniversary Edition genudgivet med bonus tracks (The Athens Demos)
 "Fall On Me" – 2:50
 "Hyena" – 2:50
 "March Song" ("King of Birds" demo) – 3:46
 "These Days" – 3:36
 "Bad Day" – 3:26
 "Salsa" ("Underneath the Bunker" demo) – 1:32
 "Swan Swan H" – 2:39
 "Flowers of Guatemala" – 3:29
 "Begin the Begin" – 3:44
 "Cuyahoga" – 4:33
 "I Believe" – 3:37
 "Out of Tune" – 0:34
 "Jazz" ("Rotary Ten" demo) – 1:13
 "Theme from Two Steps Onward" – 4:24
 "Just a Touch" – 2:31
 "Mystery to Me" – 2:07
 "Wait" – 2:10
 "All the Right Friends" – 3:40
 "Get On Their Way" ("What If We Give It Away?" demo) – 3:17

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

R.E.M.-album
Album fra 1986

Lifes Rich Pageant


Tiempo nuevo puede referirse a:

 Tiempo Nuevo, programa de televisión argentino.
 Tiempo Nuevo, editorial puertorriqueña.
 Tiempo Nuevo grupo musical peruano perteneciente a la Nueva Canción latinoamericana,
 Tiemponuevo, banda chilena.
 Tiemponuevo, álbum debut de dicha banda, de 1970.
 Tiemponuevo, álbum de 1970 de dicha banda.

Tiempo nuevo


طائرة الخطوط اليمينة رحلة 626 وهي من نوع ايرباص 310 أقلعت من مطار صنعاء الدولي اليمني بتاريخ 30 يونيو 2009 في طريقها إلى مطار الأمير سعيد إبراهيم الدولي بمدينة موروني في جزر القمر، وقد سقطت قبل وصولها المطار في الساعة 02:50 بالتوقيت المحلي من صباح يوم الثلاثاء (23:50 UTC), وعلى متنها 153 شخصا من ركاب وطاقم الطائرة. و دل التقرير النهائي أن الطائرة كانت في حال سقوط (بسبب خطأ بشري) لم يستطع الطيران إسترجاعها لحالة الطيران مرة أخرى (كما يحدث في حالات السقوط الطارئة). و قد عرض هذا التقرير الجانبان اليمني وجانب جزر القمر ....

معلومات عن الطائرة
نوع الطائرة هو 324-A 310، ورقم تسجيلها 7O-ADJ. وتسلسل التصنيع هو 535 وصنعت في عام 1990، ولها بالخدمة مدة 19 سنة و3 أشهر، وأتمت 51,000 ساعة طيران وقت وقوع الحادث.

أول دخول تلك الطائرة بالخدمة كان 30 يونيو 1990 لشركة اير ليبرتي الفرنسية، وتسجيلها كان F-GHEJ، وقد كانت مؤجرة من شركة مؤسسة التمويل التأجيري الدولية (ILFC) حتى تاريخ استرجاعها في 23 سبتمبر 1996، واستمر تأجير الطائرة إلى عدة شركات حتى استأجرتها اليمنية بتاريخ سبتمبر 1999 واستمرت في الخدمة حتى وقوع الحادث. وقال نائب رئيس هيئة الطيران المدني اليمني محمد عبد القادر بأن سرعة الرياح كانت  عند هبوط الطائرة.

الناجي الوحيد
وكان الناجي الوحيد من رحلة IY626 Yeminia السنة من العمر 12] بهية بكاري. وكانت الطفلة الصغيرة العائمة في وسط المحيط على بعض الحطام. وقالت إنها لم يكن لها طوق النجاة، وكذلك الفتاة كانت عارية تماما، وهذا بسبب قوة الاصطدام كان قويا لدرجة ان جميع أجزاء من ملابسها تلبس انتزعت تماما من جسمها. بعد 13 ساعة من العائمة، وكانت تجد من قبل بعض الصيادين. اخذوا 12 عاما بهية بكاري على متن السفينة والرعاية هنا. وأُحضرت إلى المستشفى مصابة بكسر في الترقوة وبعض الكدمات .

تفاصيل الحادث

وقع حادث تلك الطائرة التي تتبع الخطوط الجوية اليمنية في أرخبيل جزر القمر بالمحيط الهندي، وهي من نوع ايرباص 324-310. وقد سقطت على مقربة من مطار موروني القريب من البحر وسط أوضاع جوية سيئة وذلك قبل موعد هبوطها بربع ساعة. وقد رأى الحادث سكان القرى الساحلية القريبة من المطار.

وكانت الرحلة غادرت مطار صنعاء في 21:00 من مساء الاثنين بالتوقيت المحلي للعاصمة صنعاء (السادسة بتوقيت جرينتش) حسب مصادر المطار. وهذا رابع حادث لتلك الشركة ولم يسقط ضحايا خلال الحوادث السابقة. الأولى كانت بوينغ 200-727 انزلقت بمدرج مطار أسمرة الدولي في أرتيريا بتاريخ 1 أغسطس 2001 بسبب الأمطار الغزيرة وسوء الأحوال الجوية وانقطاع الكهرباء من مطار أسمرا مما اضطر الطائرة
للانتظار في المطار مدة ثلاثة ساعات، وقد كانت هذه الطائرة في طريقها إلى مطار الخرطوم مع توقف قصير في مطار اسمرة. والثاني كان من نفس النوع وقد اختطفت بمطار جيبوتي أمبولي الدولي في 21 يناير 2001. والثالثة بوينغ 200-737 فانزلقت أيضا في مطار الخرطوم، ولم يكن هناك ضحايا في أي من الأحداث السابقة.

الركاب
معظم ركاب الطائرة البالغ عددهم 139 بالإضافة إلى ثلاثة رضع كانوا من أهالي جزر القمر، وهناك بعض الأشخاص من الجنسية الفرنسية كانوا على متن الطائرة بالإضافة إلى 11 من طاقم الطائرة الطائر وكانت الأحوال الجوية سيئة منذ عدة أيام.

جهود البحث والإنقاذ
حسب أقوال الشرطة جزر القمر فإنه ليست لديهم قدرات للإنقاذ في البحر، وقد أقلعت طائرتان عسكريتان فرنسيتان وسفينة فرنسية من جزيرتي مايوتي وريونيون بالمحيط الهندي للبحث عن حطام تلك الطائرة. وتحتوي جزر القمر على ثلاث جزر وهم: القمر الكبرى وأنجوان وموهلي، وتقع في قنال موزمبيق وتبعد 190 ميل (300 كم) شمال غربي مدغشقر وهي نفس المسافة عن البر الأفريقي.

وقد تم اكتشاف أول الحطام في الساعة 8:00 من صباح الثلاثاء ولم ينجو إلا واحد وكانت طفلة في الثانية عشرة من العمر.

انظر أيضا
 المنظمة الوطنية للطيران المدني

المصادر

وصلات خارجية
  Rapport final (Archive)
  Rapport d'étape (Archive)
  Accident de l'A310 de Yemenia Airways Commission d'enquête technique (Archive)

جزر القمر في 2009
أحداث يونيو 2009
أحداث يونيو 2009 في آسيا
أحداث يونيو 2009 في إفريقيا
الطيران في اليمن
حوادث شركات طيران آسيوية
حوادث طائرات بسبب خطأ الطيار
حوادث طيران في 2009
حوادث طيران في جزر القمر

الخطوط الجوية اليمنية الرحلة 626


Ploitlik (İng., ploidy), bir hücredeki kromozom sayısının, o hücredeki farklı kromozomlardan birer tanesi ile oluşturulan temel setteki kromozom sayısı ile bir rasyonel sayının çarpımına eşit olması durumudur. Diğer bir deyişle ploitlik, temel kromozom takımının (ve sayısının) ilgili hücredeki tekrarlama derecesidir.

İlgili terimler
Genetikte, bir temel kromozom takımı (ve sayısı) n ile gösterilir. Ploitliği de n ile çarpıldığında hücredeki toplam kromozom sayısını veren rasyonel sayının bir tam sayı olup olmamasına göre sınıflandırmak ve çeşitlendirmek mümkündür:
 Öploitlik (İng., euploidy) : n'in tam katları kadar kromozom içerme durumu.
 Öploit kromozom sayısı → öploit hücre → öploit canlı
 Haploitlik (İng., haploidy) : n kadar kromozom içerme durumu; monoploitlik (İng., monoploidy).
 Haploit kromozom sayısı → haploit hücre → haploit canlı
 Diploitlik (İng., diploidy) : 2n (2 x n) kadar kromozom içerme durumu.
 Diploit kromozom sayısı → diploit hücre → diploit canlı
 Poliploitlik (İng., poliploidy) : 2'den fazla n kadar kromozom içerme durumu.
 Poliploit kromozom sayısı → poliploit hücre → poliploit canlı
 Triploit (3n), tetraploit (4n), pentaploit (5n), hekzaploit (6n), heptaploit (7n), oktoploit (8n), nonaploit (9n), dekaploit (10n).
 Anöploitlik (İng., aneuploidy) : n'in tam katları olmayan kadar kromozom içerme durumu; benzer terim, heteroploitlik (İng., heteroploidy).
 Anöploit kromozom sayısı → anöploit hücre → anöploit canlı
 Hipoploitlik (İng., hypoploidy) : n'in tam katından biraz daha az sayıda kromozom içerme durumu.
 Hipoploit kromozom sayısı → hipoploit hücre → hipopploit canlı
 Hiperploitlik (İng., hyperploidy) : n'in tam katından biraz daha fazla sayıda kromozom içerme durumu.
 Hiperploit kromozom sayısı → hiperploit hücre → hiperploit canlı

Poliploitlik

Poliploitlik, bir hücrenin ya da canlının kendisindeki her bir kromozomun (diğer bir deyişle de temel kromozom takımı n'in) ikiden fazla kopyasına sahip olması durumudur. Canlıların çoğunluğu diploit olsa da hücre bölünmesinin olması gerektiği gibi gerçekleşmemesi sonucu, poliploit hücre ve canlılar ortaya çıkabilir.

Poliploitlik ve yeni türler

Poliploitlik yeni türlerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olabilir. Bunun en ünlü örneklerinden birisi Spartina cinsi bitkide yaşanmıştır:
 19. yüzyıla kadar sadece Spartina maritima (2n [AA] = 60 kromozom) adlı Spartina türünün yaşadığı İngiltere'de, 1829'dan itibaren Kuzey Amerika kökenli ve farklı bir Spartina türü olan Spartina alterniflora (2n [BB] = 62 kromozom) görülmeye başlanmıştır.
 Spartina maritima ile büyük olasılıkla gemi yoluyla İngiltere'ye gelmiş olan Spartina alterniflora arasındaki döllenme sonucunda, kendisi üreyemeyen bir melez olan Spartina x townsendii ortaya çıkmıştır.
 Daha sonraları, 1892'de, bölgede farklı bir Spartina türü keşfedilmiş, bunun yeni bir tür olduğu anlaşılmış ve Spartina anglica diye adlandırılmıştır. Araştırmalar, bu türün Spartina x townsendii melezinde oluşan poliploitlik sonucu ortaya çıktığını göstermiştir: Spartina x townsendii 61 kromozama sahipken (n+n [A+B]) ve üreyemezken, Spartina anglica 122 kromozoma sahip, tetraploit (4n [AABB]) ve üreyebilen bir türdür.

Poliploitliğin dikkat çektiği bir başka bitki cinsi de çilek, yani Fragaria'dır:
 Farklı 7 kromozomdan oluşan temel bir set tüm çilek türlerinde ortak olarak bulunurken, farklı türler farklı poliploitlik derecesi gösterirler.
 Bu şekilde, yirmiden fazla çilek türünü diploit, tetraploit, hekzaploit, oktoploit ve dekaploit oluşlarına göre 5 grup içinde sınıflandırmak mümkündür.
 İstisnaları olsa da kabaca, daha çok kromozom içeren çilek türlerinin daha dayanıklı olduğundan ve hem bitki, hem de meyve olarak daha büyük geliştiğinden bahsedilebilir.

Hayvanlar âlemine ait bir poliploitlik örneği ise Afrika tırnaklı kurbağasıdır:
 Bilimsel adı Xenopus laevis olan bu kurbağa, Xenopus cinsinin diğer çoğu üyesi gibi, tetraploittir.

Kaynakça

Genetik
Sitogenetik

Ploitlik