Judah Loew ben Bezalel ili Rabin Loew (Poznanj, između 1512. i 1526. – Prag, 17. rujna 1609.) bio je važni talmudski učenjak, židovski mistik i filozof, koji je veći dio svog života služio je kao vodeći rabin u gradovima Mikulov u Moravskoj i u Pragu u Bohemiji.

Poznat je po svojim djelima o židovskoj filozofiji i židovskom misticizmu i svom radu "Gur Aryeh al HaTorah", opširnoj raspravi Rašijevog tumačenja Tore. On je također bio predmet legende iz 19. stoljeća, da je načinio Golema iz Praga, animirano mitološko biće načinjeno od gline.

Vjerovatno je rođen u Poznanju u Poljskom, iako Perels pogrešno navodi kao njegovo rodno mjesto Worms u Svetom Rimskom Carstvu, od oca rabina Bezalela, čija obitelj potječe iz grada Wormsa. Njegova godina rođenja je neizvjesna, i različiti izvori navode 1512., 1520. i 1526. Njegov ujak Jakob ben Hajim bio je Reichsrabbiner ("carski rabin") Svetog Rimskog Carstva, a njegov brat Haim iz Fridberga bio je poznati rabinski učenjak. Ne postoje dokumentirani dokazi, da je stekao formalno vjersko obrazovanje, što je navelo vodeće učenjake, da zaključe da je bio izuzetno nadaren autodidakt.

U travnju 1997. Češka i Izrael zajedno su izdale set poštanskih maraka, od kojih je jedna sadržavala nadgrobni spomenik Judah Loew ben Bezalela. U svibnju 2009. godine, Češka pošta izdala je marku u znak obilježavanja 400. godišnjice smrti Judah Loew ben Bezalela. U lipnju 2009. godine, češka kovnica je izdala komemorativni novčić kojim je obilježena ista obljetnica.

Izvori

Židovski kler
Životopisi, Prag
Religija u Češkoj

Judah Loew ben Bezalel


Tajna Nikole Tesle este un film iugoslav biografic din 1980 regizat de Krsto Papić despre viața inventatorului Nikola Tesla. În rolurile principale au jucat actorii Petar Božović (în rolul titular), Strother Martin, Orson Welles, Dennis Patrick, Oja Kodar și Boris Buzančić.

Prezentare

Filmul dramatic biografic povestește despre viața din copilărie până la moartea marelui inventator în domeniul ingineriei electrice și radio Nikola Tesla, originar din Serbia, și prezintă anii de rivalitate cu Thomas Edison...

Descrie felul în care au fost furate invențiile lui Tesla, despre cum multe dintre invențiile lui și contribuția sa la dezvoltarea cunoașterii omenirii au rămas un mister până în ziua de azi.

Distribuție
 Petar Božović - Nikola Tesla
 Strother Martin - George Westinghouse
 Orson Welles - J. P. Morgan
 Dennis Patrick - Thomas Edison
 Oja Kodar - Katharine Johnson
 Boris Buzančić - Robert Underwood Johnson
 Demeter Bitenc
 Vanja Drach - Mark Twain

Producție
Filmul a fost realizat de studiourile Zagreb Film, fiind regizat de Krsto Papić, care anterior a filmat Mântuitorul în 1976.

Note

Legături externe

as "Tajna Nikole Tesle" la Filmski-Programi.hr

Filme din 1980
Filme biografice
Filme iugoslave
Filme în limba croată
Filme în limba engleză
Filme despre invenții
Filme despre electricitate
Filme croate
Filme regizate de Krsto Papić

Tajna Nikole Tesle


Yayla, bilinen diğer adıyla Yaylaköy, İzmir ilinin Karaburun ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Yayla; idari bölüm olarak daha önceleri köy iken, 2012 yılındaki yasa değişikliğinden sonra mahalle olmuştur.

Nüfus

Altyapı
Mahallede 87 adet rüzgâr türbini bulunan 268 MW kapasiteli bir rüzgâr çiftliği yer almaktadır.

Kaynakça

Evrifaessa Bot tarafından oluşturulan mahalle maddeleri
Karaburun'un mahalleleri

Yayla, Karaburun


Antonio Felice Zondadari (Siena, 13 de dezembro de 1665 - Siena, 23 de novembro de 1737) foi um cardeal italiano.

Nascimento
Nasceu em Siena em 13 de dezembro de 1665, Siena. De família nobre. Filho de Ansano Zondadari e Agnese Chigi. Seu sobrenome também está listado como Chigi-Zondadari; e o primeiro como Antonio Felice. A Casa Zondadari adquiriu o marquesado de S. Quirico em 1679. Seu irmão, Alessandro, foi arcebispo de Siena; e outro irmão, Marc'Antonio, foi general das galeras da Ordem de Malta em 1682 e, posteriormente, grão-mestre da ordem de 1720 a 1722. Sobrinho-neto do papa Alexandre VII, por parte de mãe. Sobrinho do cardeal Flavio Chigi, sênior (1657). Tio em terceiro grau do cardeal Antonio Felice Zondadari (1801).

Educação
Estudou na Universidade de Siena, onde obteve o doutorado in utroque iure , direito canônico e civil.

Sacerdócio
Ordenado em 25 de março de 1690. Referendário dos Tribunais da Assinatura Apostólica da Justiça e da Graça, 1693. Relator da SC da Consulta . Vice-legado em Bolonha, de 20 de fevereiro de 1694 a 21 de fevereiro de 1697. Governador de Ancona, de 16 de novembro de 1697 a 1699. Referendário dos Tribunais da Assinatura Apostólica da Justiça e da Graça, 1698. Núncio extraordinário para acolher a Rainha Maria Casimira da Polônia aos Estados Papais, 6 de dezembro de 1698.

Episcopado
Eleito arcebispo titular de Damasco em 5 de dezembro de 1701. Consagrado em 18 de dezembro de 1701, em Chiesa Nuova , Roma, pelo cardeal Fabrizio Paolucci. Na mesma cerimônia foi consagrado Giuseppe Vallemani, arcebispo titular de Atena, futuro cardeal. Núncio extraordinário perante o rei Felipe V da Espanha para assuntos relacionados à paz após a guerra da sucessão espanhola, 27 de janeiro de 1702. Núncio na Espanha, 28 de maio de 1706. Por causa da controvérsia entre o rei e o papa em 1709, o núncio foi ordenou que se mudasse para Avignon, onde permaneceu por três anos.

Cardinalado
Criado cardeal sacerdote no consistório de 18 de maio de 1712; recebeu o gorro vermelho e o título de S. Balbina, em 23 de setembro de 1715. Camerlengo do Sagrado Colégio dos Cardeais, de 10 de janeiro de 1718 até 8 de fevereiro de 1719. Participou do conclave de 1721 , que elegeu o Papa Inocêncio XIII. Pró-prefeito da Congregação dos Ritos, talvez pela ausência de seu prefeito, o cardeal Carlo Maria Marini, que também foi legado na Romagna. Participou do conclave de 1724 , que elegeu o Papa Bento XIII. Participou do conclave de 1730, que elegeu o Papa Clemente XII; O cardeal Cornelio Bentivoglio apresentou o veto do rei Felipe V da Espanha contra a eleição do cardeal Zondadri ao pontificado. Prefeito do Supremo Tribunal da Assinatura Apostólica da Graça, 27 de julho de 1730. Optou pelo título de S. Prassede, 9 de abril de 1731.

Morte
Morreu em Siena em 23 de novembro de 1737, Siena. Exposto e enterrado na igreja de S. Girogio, Siena, que ele havia remodelado e escolhido para o enterro. Em seu túmulo, apenas seu nome foi inscrito.

Cardeais nomeados pelo papa Clemente XI

Antonio Felice Zondadari (1665–1737)


Centaurii sunt o specie umanoidă extraterestră din universul fictiv al seriei de televiziune Babylon 5.

Descriere
Ca specie, Centaurii au o asemănare fizică strânsă cu oamenii, incluzând o mare parte din chimia corpului, structura și părul lor, dar diferă foarte mult din punct de vedere taxonomic, în special în aranjarea organelor interne și reproducătoare. Specia este separată în două sexe corelând bine cu aspectele acceptate de sex masculin și feminin. Sunt cu sânge cald și purtătoare de viață. Femelele alăptează tinerii în mod similar cu oamenii, arătând unele paralele cu mamiferele de pe Pământ. Normele culturale pentru bărbați cer să-și modeleze părul capului în creste mari dintr-o parte în alta - mai degrabă ca un Mohawk lateral. Mărimea crestei a fost folosită inițial pentru a indica statutul social, vârsta și bogăția, dar odată cu declinul republicii sunt supuse mai mult modei - un împărat în vârstă a afișat o creastă mult mai mică, reprezentativă tinereții. Femeile sunt văzute în principal cu capul ras (sau uneori cu o "coadă de ponei"). Crestele capului apar și pe idolii zeităților Centauri, chiar și pe cele care prezintă trăsături hermafrodite.

Au fost primele specii extraterestre care au făcut contact deschis cu rasa umană,   făcând schimb de tehnologie (incluzând saltul, necesar pentru călătoria în hiperspațiu) și tratamente medicale.

Lumea lor de origine este Centauri Prime, o mică planetă asemănătoare Pământului, formată din două continente mari și câteva insule mai mici, împărțite de mari oceane de apă. Guvernul Republicii Centauri este, în ciuda faptului că este numit republică, guvernat de un împărat și de o adunare de miniștri și șefi ai diferitelor case care formează Centaurun.  În ciuda numelui, Centauri nu se află și nu are legătură cu sistemul stelar Alfa Centauri (în contextul Babylon 5, această denumire inexactă este explicată ca rezultat dintr-o traducere greșită în timpul primului contact între oameni și Centauri; cu toate acestea, există și o serie de alte stele numite Centauri). În plus, denumirea  Alfa Centauri a fost un rezultat al mitologiilor tradiționale umane și deci pur și simplu o coincidență.

Planeta-mamă
Centauri Prime este tronul Republicii Centauri, cândva expansivă. Are mai puțin uscat decât Pământul; există doar două continente principale cu o abundență de insule mici și habitate marine extinse. Planeta are o populație de aproximativ 3,4 miliarde  – mult mai puțin decât lumile de origine ale multor alte rase extraterestre. Este, de asemenea, a treia planetă din sistemul Zeta Tucanae din constelația Tucana.

În ianuarie 2261, insula Selini, aflată în emisfera sudică a planetei, a fost ocupată de forțele Umbrelor, care au stabilit o bază acolo pentru peste o sută de nave. Cu toate acestea,  după moartea împăratului Cartagia, Molari a ordonat distrugerea bazei și insula a fost eliminată cu bombe nucleare bazate pe fuziune.

Referințe

Vezi și
Londo Mollari

Babylon 5
Rase extraterestre fictive

Centauri (Babylon 5)


was a village located in Higashiusuki District, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,718 and the density of 19.65 persons per km². The total area was 138.32 km².

On January 1, 2006, Saigō, along with the villages of Kitagō and Nangō (all from Higashiusuki District), was merged to create the town of Misato and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Saigo literally means "west shire". This village was a western quarter of so-called Irigo (literally Inlands Shire) area.

History
The village was established in 1889 by merging the villages (now hamlets) of Obaru, Tashiro, Tateishi and Yamasanga.

External links
 Official website of Misato
 Official website of Saigō

Dissolved municipalities of Miyazaki Prefecture

Saigō, Miyazaki


fue un militar japonés, ministro de Guerra y Mariscal de Campo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Participó activamente en la segunda guerra sino-japonesa, siendo comandante en varias ocasiones del Ejército japonés desplegado en China.

Biografía
Shunroku Hata nació en la prefectura de Fukushima en 1879, donde su padre era un ex-Samurai del Dominio feudal de Aizu. Tuvo un hermano (Eitaro Hata, 1872–1930) que fue general en el Ejército Imperial y comandante del Ejército de Kwantung en Manchukuo (1929-1930). En 1893, con 14 años, entró en la Academia del Ejército Imperial Japonés para realizar sus estudios militares, licenciándose en 1901 como segundo teniente de Artillería.

Carrera militar
Sirvió en la guerra ruso-japonesa (1904-1905) y años más tarde, 1912, fue destinado como Agregado militar en Alemania. Participó como observador militar en Europa durante la Primera Guerra Mundial y en calidad de tal asistió a la firma de los Tratado de Versalles. Ocupó diversos puestos militares hasta que en 1931 fue ascendido a teniente general y nombrado inspector general de Artillería, comandante de la 14.ª División (agosto de 1933) y comandante del Ejército japonés en Taiwán (diciembre de 1935).

Cuando en 1937 estalló la segunda guerra sino-japonesa ya había sido ascendido a general. En febrero del año siguiente se convirtió en Comandante del Ejército japonés expedicionario desplegado en el Frente chino, sustituyendo al general Iwane Matsui (que había sido llamado a Japón tras el escándalo internacional de la Masacre de Nankín). En mayo de 1939 se convirtió en Ayudante de Campo del emperador Shōwa y en agosto se convirtió en Ministro de la Guerra, ocupando dicho puesto en los gobiernos de Nobuyuki Abe y Mitsumasa Yonai. Hata tuvo un destacado papel en la caída del Gobierno Yonai en julio de 1940, aunque ello supusiera su salida del gabinete. En marzo de 1941 marchó a China de nuevo y volvió a ocupar la dirección del Ejército expedicionario allí desplegado hasta finales de 1944, jugando un importante papel como Comandante en jefe de la Operación Ichi-Go. El 2 de marzo de ese año fue ascendido a Mariscal de campo, siendo la cúspide de su carrera militar. Al final de la guerra se encontraba en Hiroshima al mando de las tropas de la región en previsión de la invasión estadounidense de la metrópoli japonesa (Operación Downfall) y sobrevivió al bombardeo atómico del 6 de agosto. En los momentos finales de la guerra fue uno de los oficiales que estuvo de acuerdo en la Rendición de Japón a los Aliados, aunque pidió se le despojara de su título de Mariscal de Campo por los fracasos militares durante la guerra.

Enjuiciamiento y últimos años
Tras el final de la contienda fue arrestado por las fuerzas aliadas de ocupación y acusado de crímenes de guerra. Fue juzgado en los Juicios de Tokio y en 1948 condenado a cadena perpetua bajo los cargos de "Conspiración", "Llevar a cabo una guerra de agresión" y "no haber intervenido desde su cargo para evitar atrocidades contra civiles". No obstante, Hata fue puesto en libertad condicional en 1955. Murió en 1962, mientras asistía a una ceremonia en honor a los caídos durante la guerra.

Referencias

Bibliobrafía

Notas al pie

Enlaces externos

Militares japoneses de la Segunda Guerra Mundial
Mariscales de campo de Japón
Convictos en los Juicios de Tokio
Criminales de guerra japoneses
Segunda guerra sino-japonesa
Condenados a cadena perpetua
Hibakusha

Shunroku Hata


La MLS Next Pro est une ligue professionnelle nord-américaine de soccer organisée par la Major League Soccer (MLS) et attendue comme l'un des troisièmes échelons nord-américains, en attente de confirmation par la Fédération des États-Unis de soccer.

La compétition n'est pas encadrée par une limite d'âge et les équipes réserves de Major League Soccer sont plutôt appelées « secondes équipes » selon les dirigeants de la MLS.

Histoire

Une nouvelle ligue réserve
Le , la Major League Soccer fait l'annonce de la création d'une nouvelle ligue professionnelle qui débutera ses activités en 2022. Selon le président de la MLS, Mark Abbott, l'idée de cette nouvelle compétition vient de la volonté de créer une passerelle entre les académies et les équipes premières professionnelles des franchises de MLS. Également est avancé l'intérêt d'apporter plus d'opportunités aux joueurs, entraîneurs et arbitres en Amérique du Nord tout en permettant de multiplier les équipes professionnelles aux États-Unis et au Canada, desservant ainsi plus de marchés locaux.

Cette nouvelle intervient alors que la Major League Soccer ne dispose plus d'une ligue réserve qui lui est propre. En effet, la MLS Reserve Division, active de 2005 à 2008 puis de 2011 à 2014, n'est plus perçue comme le modèle optimal. Les franchises de MLS voulant bénéficier des avantages d'une équipe réserve alignent progressivement une formation en USL Championship ou en USL League One, respectivement les deuxième et troisième division en Amérique du Nord. Or, les dirigeants de ces deux ligues qui ont connu un développement remarquable dans la dernière décennie déplorent un système à deux vitesses où les équipes réserves de MLS participent dans un but de formation tandis que les clubs indépendants de ces deux circuits sont à la recherche d'un succès sportif à chaque saison. Par conséquent, la création de cette nouvelle ligue met fin au partenariat initié en janvier 2013.

Lancement
L'annonce officielle du lancement de la nouvelle ligue et le dévoilement de son identité sous le nom de MLS Next Pro se fait le , quelques jours avant la rencontre de Coupe MLS 2021. Dans un système pyramidal nord-américain complexe, la MLS Next Pro demande sa reconnaissance comme ligue de troisième niveau, au même titre que la USL League One et la NISA, mais un échelon en dessous du USL Championship.

Pour sa saison inaugurale en 2022, la ligue comporte vingt-et-une équipes. Vingt d'entre elles constituent des équipes réserves de MLS tandis que le Rochester New York FC (anciennement Rhinos de Rochester est le seul club indépendant). Ce dernier est une formation historique aux États-Unis, avec notamment un titre en Coupe des États-Unis en 1999, mais qui a connu quelques difficultés ces dernières années ayant contraint à une suspension de ses activités entre 2018 et 2021. L'arrivée de l'attaquant international anglais Jamie Vardy au sein du groupe de propriétaires à Rochester le  permet de relancer le club qui est donc le premier club indépendant de la ligue naissante. De leur côté, quatre des équipes réserves de MLS proviennent de USL League One alors que trois sont issues du USL Championship. L'expérience du Rochester New York FC tourne rapidement court puisque Jamie Vardy quitte le groupe d'actionnaires à l'été 2022 selon plusieurs sources. et, à défaut de nouveaux investisseurs, les dirigeants du club publient un communiqué le  pour annoncer que l'équipe ne participera pas à la prochaine saison de MLS Next Pro et cesse ses activités.

Organisation

Format de la compétition
Pour sa saison inaugurale, la MLS Next Pro comporte vingt-et-une équipes, dont vingt équipes réserves de Major League Soccer. Le calendrier proposé inclut vingt-quatre rencontres par club, huit d'entre eux accédant aux séries éliminatoires.

Le principe de cette nouvelle ligue est de créer une passerelle entre les académies et les équipes premières professionnelles des franchises de MLS tout en développant le soccer au sein des clubs indépendants. La compétition est également perçue comme un outil favorisant l'émergence de nouveaux concepts, permettant la création de nouvelles règles en coordination avec la FIFA et la Fédération des États-Unis de soccer.

Ainsi, pour favoriser un jeu offensif et limiter le nombre de verdicts nuls, la ligue instaure une règle consistant à déterminer le vainqueur d'une rencontre se soldant par une égalité grâce à une séance de tirs au but. Les deux équipes obtiennent un point pour le match nul tandis que le gagnant dispose d'un point additionnel. Cette règle n'est pas une innovation puisque la Major League Soccer utilise la méthode du tir de fusillade entre 1996 et 1999.

D'un point de vue médical, la MLS Next Pro adopte le principe du remplacement supplémentaire en cas de potentiel traumatisme crânien, suivant les pas de la Major League Soccer et des autres ligues professionnelles sous l'égide de la Fédération des États-Unis de soccer qui ont introduit cette règle en avril 2021.

Le , de nouvelles règles sont introduites en cours de saison.
 Le traitement hors du terrain. Lorsqu'un joueur demeure au sol pendant plus de quinze secondes, le personnel médical de son équipe intervient et l'accompagne jusqu'à l'extérieur du terrain. Une fois hors de la surface de jeu, le joueur doit patienter trois minutes avant de faire son retour sur la pelouse. Cette règle a pour but de limiter les simulations et pertes de temps qui saccadent le rythme et réduisent le temps de jeu effectif d'une rencontre.
 La règle du carton rouge. Lorsqu'un joueur obtient un carton rouge, sa rencontre de suspension automatique doit être effectuée face à l'équipe contre laquelle il a subi cette sanction. L'objectif est d'assurer une plus grande équité liée aux cartons rouges.

Couverture médiatique
Lors de l'annonce de la création prochaine d'une nouvelle ligue réserve pour les franchises de MLS, le président de la Major League Soccer, Mark Abbott, affirme que toutes les rencontres seront diffusées, certaines d'entre elles pouvant même passer sur des réseaux de télévision traditionnels. Un des objectifs visés par le lancement de cette ligue est, selon Abbott, d'amener le soccer professionnel vers des marchés médiatiques non desservis par une franchise de MLS, et donc d'augmenter la visibilité de la ligue mère.

Équipes de la MLS Next Pro en 2023

Carte

Tableau
Vingt équipes de MLS Next Pro sont des équipes réserves de franchises de Major League Soccer et sont affichées en gras. Les clubs indépendants sont écrits en italique.

Futures équipes

Ancienne équipe

Palmarès
À noter que dans le tableau suivant, les victoires ou défaites obtenues en tirs au but sont rangées dans la colonne des victoires et des défaites respectivement.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

MLS Next Pro

MLS Next Pro


Brenden Russell Aaronson (Medford, 22 de outubro de 2000) é um futebolista americano que atua como meio-campo. Atualmente joga pelo Union Berlin, emprestado pelo Leeds United.

Carreira no clube
Apareceu como jogador da academia jogando pelo Bethlehem Steel FC durante a temporada de 2017, depois de passar pela academia do Philadelphia Union. Em outubro de 2017, Aaronson fez sua primeira partida pelo Steel FC em um empate fora de casa contra o Tampa Bay Rowdies . Aaronson fez 21 jogos pelo Steel FC e marcou seu primeiro gol pelo time profissional contra o Atlanta United 2 .

A temporada de 2020 se tornou um ano de destaque para Aaronson, que terminou a temporada com 31 jogos em todas as competições e marcando 4 gols. O desempenho de Aaronson durante a temporada lhe rendeu vários elogios, incluindo ser nomeado para o 2020 MLS Best XI para a temporada regular e o MLS is Back Tournament. A União terminou a temporada com o melhor recorde da liga conquistando o primeiro troféu da equipe, o Supporters' Shield de 2020 .

Red Bull Salzburg
Após rumores persistentes, foi anunciado em 16 de outubro de 2020 que Aaronson se juntaria ao Red Bull Salzburg a partir de janeiro de 2021, após o término da temporada da MLS. Embora a taxa de transferência não tenha sido divulgada, a Filadélfia anunciou que seria a maior taxa de transferência paga por um jogador americano da MLS. As primeiras notícias indicaram que a taxa é de US$ 6 milhões adiantados, com US$ 3 milhões em possíveis incentivos. Aaronson fez sua estreia pelo Salzburg em 25 de janeiro, como substituto durante uma vitória por 2 a 0 sobre o Rheindorf Altach .

Marcou seu primeiro gol pelo Salzburg em 10 de fevereiro de 2021, marcando o gol da vitória por 3 a 1 sobre o Austria Wien . Em 1º de maio, ele ganhou seu primeiro troféu com o Salzburg, quando o clube derrotou o LASK na final da Copa da Áustria por 3-0. Aaronson marcou o segundo gol da partida e seu quinto em todas as competições desde sua mudança da Filadélfia em janeiro.

Leeds United
Em 26 de maio de 2022, o Leeds United anunciou a assinatura de Aaronson em um contrato de cinco anos, com início em 1º de julho. A Sky Sports informou que a taxa de transferência foi de £ 24,7 milhões.

Carreira internacional
Depois de mostrar uma forte temporada de estreia, Aaronson recebeu sua primeira convocação sênior para a seleção masculina de futebol dos Estados Unidos em outubro de 2019 para partidas da Liga das Nações da CONCACAF com Cuba e Canadá . Ele não ganhou uma tampa em qualquer partida. Aaronson ganhou sua segunda convocação para a equipe principal para o acampamento de janeiro de 2020. Aaronson fez sua estreia completa em uma vitória por 1 a 0 sobre a Costa Rica . Mais tarde naquele ano, Aaronson marcou seu primeiro gol internacional sênior durante uma vitória por 6-0 sobre El Salvador em dezembro de 2020.

Títulos
 Estados Unidos
 Liga das Nações da CONCACAF: 2019–20, 2022–23

 Philadelphia Union
 MLS Supporters' Shield: 2020

 Red Bull Salzburg
 Campeonato Austríaco: 2020–21, 2021–22
 Copa da Áustria: 2020–21, 2021–22

Vida pessoal
Seu irmão Paxten Aaronson joga pelo Philadelphia Union.

As atuações de Aaronson pelo Philadelphia Union e Red Bull Salzburg lhe renderam o apelido de "Medford Messi", aliteração que faz referência à sua terra natal e faz uma comparação com o jogador argentino Lionel Messi.

Jogadores da Seleção Estadunidense de Futebol
Futebolistas do FC Red Bull Salzburg
Futebolistas do Philadelphia Union
Futebolistas dos Estados Unidos
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 2000
Jogadores da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2022

Brenden Aaronson


Hürriyet Partisi, ispat hakkı tanınması meselesinde parti yönetimiyle ters düştükleri için DP'den ayrılan 19 muhalif milletvekili tarafından 20 Aralık 1955'te kurulan merkez partisi.

Kuruluşu
1954 genel seçimlerinden sonra DP içinde, partinin ekonomik politikaları ve muhalefete karşı izlenen tutum nedeniyle önemli bir muhalefet baş göstermişti. 6-7 Eylül Olayları'ndan sonra Fuad Köprülü, Fevzi Lütfi Karaosmanoğlu, Kasım Küfrevi, Fethi Çelikbaş, Feridun Ergin ve Mükerrem Sarol gibi DP'nin önde gelenleri parti yönetimini çok sert bir biçimde eleştirdiler. Bazı milletvekillerinin ceza yasasına "ispat hakkı" getirilmesini istemesi parti içinde kargaşaya neden oldu. Karaosmanoğlu ve Çelikbaş Ekim 1955'te yapılan Genel İdare Kurulu'nda partinin basına baskı uyguladığını belirterek ispat hakkını savundular.

DP içindeki muhalefetin büyümesi üzerine, parti yönetimi 19 milletvekilini Haysiyet Divanı'na verdi. 12 Ekim 1955'te toplanan Haysiyet Divanı bu milletvekillerinden dokuzunun ihracına karar verince, öteki 10 milletvekili de istifa etti. Bu milletvekilleri birbiri ardına toplantılar düzenleyerek izlenecek stratejiyi tartıştılar. 7 Kasım 1955'te ayrı bir parti olarak örgütlenmeye karar veren Ondokuzlar, 20 Aralık 1955'te partiyi kurdular.

Genel başkanlığa başlangıçta Ekrem Hayri Üstündağ getirilse de, kısa süre sonra rahatsızlanınca yerini Fevzi Lütfi Karaosmanoğlu'na bıraktı. Genel sekreterliğini İbrahim Öktem'in üstlendiği partinin kurucuları arasında Turan Güneş, Ekrem Alican ve Fethi Çelikbaş gibi isimler de vardı.

Siyasal açıdan liberal bir merkez partisi görünümünde olan parti, demokratik ve dengeli bir  meclis çalışmasına olanak verecek ölçüde anayasal değişiklikler yapılmasını, yargı bağımsızlığını, özgür ve bağımsız sendikaların kurulmasına olanak verilmesini, yönetimin yansızlığının sağlanmasını, üniversite özerkliğini, basın özgürlüğünü ve temel hak ve özgürlüklerin güvence altına alınmasını savunmaktaydı. Ekonomik alanda ise devletçilik ve liberalizm arasına somut bir eğilim belirtmeden sadece klasik demokrasi ilkelerine bağlı kalınacağı belirtilmekteydi.

Muhalefet yılları
Meclis içinde önemli bir muhalefet partisi görünümü çizen Hürriyet Partisi'nin kendisine daha sonra katılan DP milletvekilleriyle birlikte, meclisteki üye sayısının CHP'nin üye sayısını geçmesi üzerine ana muhalefet partisi konumuna yükselmesi kaçınılmaz oldu. Başta DP'nin muhalefete karşı tutumu olmak üzere birçok konuda CHP'yle birlikte iktidara karşı tavır aldı.

Parti, Mart 1957'de Cumhuriyetçi Millet Partisi'yle birleşme girişiminde bulunduysa da, bu girişim sonuçsuz kaldı. 22 Ekim 1957 genel seçimleri öncesinde de CHP ve CMP ile seçimlerde ittifak yapma olanağı arandı. Ancak, DP iktidarı seçim yasasında bir değişiklik yaparak seçimlerde partiler arasında ittifak kurulmasını engelledi. Seçimlerde oyların %3,8'ini alan Hürriyet Partisi, sadece Burdur'da çoğunluğu sağlayarak bu ilden 4 milletvekili çıkardı.

Kapanışı
Seçimlerden yenik çıkan partide, zamanla ayrı bir parti olarak kalmanın yarar sağlamayacağı yolundaki görüş ağırlık kazandı. Seçimlerden 13 ay sonra, 24 Kasım 1958'de toplanan olağanüstü parti kurultayında 5 muhalife karşı 175 oyla partinin feshine ve bütün mal varlığının CHP'ye devrine karar verildi. Bu kararların ardından parti üyelerinin çoğu CHP'ye katılırken çok az sayıda üye ise DP'ye döndü.

Hürriyet Partisi ve seçimler

Kaynakça

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
Diren Çakmak. "Türk Siyasal Yaşamında Bir Muhalefet Partisi Örneği: Hürriyet Partisi (1955-1958) ", Gazi Üniversitesi Akademik Bakış Dergisi, Cilt: 2, Sayı: 3, Kış 2008.
Hürriyet Partisi Yayınları, Hürriyet Partisi Kuruluş Beyannamesi, Ayyıldız Matbaası, Ankara 1957
Hürriyet Partisi Yayınları, İleriye Atılış, Ayyıldız Matbaası, Ankara 1957
Hürriyet Partisi Yayınları, Hürriyet Partisi Seçim Beyannamesi, Ayyıldız Matbaası, Ankara 1957

1955'te kurulan siyasi partiler

Türkiye'deki liberal partiler
Türkiye'deki eski liberal partiler

Hürriyet Partisi


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Drienovo enthält die zwei nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützten Objekte in der Gemeinde Drienovo im Okres Krupina.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Drienovo


The stellar atmosphere is the outer region of the volume of a star, lying above the stellar core, radiation zone and convection zone.

Overview
The stellar atmosphere is divided into several regions of distinct character:

 The photosphere, which is the atmosphere's lowest and coolest layer, is normally its only visible part. Light escaping from the surface of the star stems from this region and passes through the higher layers. The Sun's photosphere has a temperature in the  range. Starspots, cool regions of disrupted magnetic field, lie in the photosphere.
 Above the photosphere lies the chromosphere. This part of the atmosphere first cools down and then starts to heat up to about 10 times the temperature of the photosphere.
 Above the chromosphere lies the transition region, where the temperature increases rapidly on a distance of only around .
 Additionally, many stars have a molecular layer (MOLsphere) above the photosphere and just beyond or even within the chromosphere. The molecular layer is cool enough to contain molecules rather than plasma, and may consist of such components as carbon monoxide, water vapor, silicon monoxide, and titanium oxide.
 The outermost part of the stellar atmosphere, or upper stellar atmosphere, is the corona, a tenuous plasma which has a temperature above one million Kelvin. While all stars on the main sequence feature transition regions and coronae, not all evolved stars do so. It seems that only some giants, and very few supergiants, possess coronae. An unresolved problem in stellar astrophysics is how the corona can be heated to such high temperatures. The answer is believed to lie in magnetic fields, but the exact mechanism remains unclear.
 The astrosphere, which is in the case of the Sun the heliosphere, can be in a broader understanding considered the furthest part of a stellar atmosphere, before interstellar space begins at the heliopause. The astrosphere is not to be confused with the Solar System and its outermost region the Oort cloud, which extends much further than the astrosphere, therefore far into interstellar space.

During a total solar eclipse, the photosphere of the Sun is obscured, revealing its atmosphere's other layers. Observed during eclipse, the Sun's chromosphere appears (briefly) as a thin pinkish arc, and its corona is seen as a tufted halo. The same phenomenon in eclipsing binaries can make the chromosphere of giant stars visible.

See also
 Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, who first proposed the presently-accepted composition of stellar atmospheres
 Circumstellar envelope
 Heliosphere

Notes

Atmosphere

Stellar atmosphere


Morske tratinčice naziv su roda Xyloplax i najpoznatiji predstavnik podrazreda Concentricycloidea unutar razreda Zvjezdača. Žive isključivo na dubinama od 1000 metara i više, zbog čega se razlikuju od ostalih zvjezdača.

Otkrivene su 1986. godine te su otada pronađene i opisane tri vrste:
 X. janetae
 X. medusiformis
 X. turnerae

Zbog malobrojnosti i rijetkosti, njihova klasifikacija bila je popraćena brojnim neslaganjima i kontroverzama.

Stanište
Morske tratinčice otkrivene su na tri dubokomorska nalazišta u teritorijalnim vodama Novog Zelanda, Bahama i sjeverne granice središnjeg Pacifika. Na svim nalazištima pronađene su na dubinama ispod 1000 metara.

Najviše jedinki, njih stotinjak, izbrojano je na nalazištu kod Bahama. Sredinom 2000-ih na području srednjeg Atlantika pronađeno je više nalazišta s po nekoliko desetaka jedinki, od kojih su neke pronađene i u zadružnom obliku.

Njihovo postojanje ne ugrožavaju ni ljudi ni dubokomorski grabežljivci.

Izvori

Bodljikaši

Morske tratinčice


1988 er det andet og sidste studiealbum af den danske sanger og sangskriver Noah. Albummet udkom den 18. november 2016 på Copenhagen Records og Universal Music. Det er det eneste album fra gruppen har indspillet hvor Lasse Dyrholm ikke medvirker på. Dyrholm forlod Noah i december 2015. Dog har Dyrholm været med til at skrive tre af albummets sange, herunder singlerne "Før vi falder" og "På vej hjem".

Albummet modtog i november 2017 platin for 20.000 solgte eksemplarer.

Spor

Hitlister

Ugentelige hitlister

Årslister

Certificeringer

Kilder

Popalbum fra Danmark
Studiealbum
Album fra 2016

1988 (album)


Queens Road Peckham railway station is in the London Borough of Southwark and also serves the area to the east of Peckham, in the London Borough of Lewisham. It is on the South London Line,  from , and trains also go to Croydon via various routes and beyond. It is on the road of that name and is in Travelcard Zone 2.

History

The station opened with the line on 13 August 1866, and had two wooden side platforms and an intermediate centre platform to serve the third centre line.

Until 1911 passenger trains ran to the East London Line, stopping at . This link was re-instated on 9 December 2012 by London Overground.

The present island platform dates from the 1970s which is on a viaduct with the line: there are 48 steps leading to it, and one block of platform buildings.

Design
The station has step free access from platform to street via a lift. A ramp is required for wheelchair access to and from the train.

The station exits on to Queens Road in Peckham.

Services

Service at Queens Road Peckham are operated by Southern and London Overground using  and  EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:
 4 tph to
 4 tph to  via
 2 tph to  via
 2 tph to  via
 4 tph to

A small number of London Overground services are extended beyond Dalston Junction to and from . The station is also served by one train per day to and two trains per day from .

During the evenings (after approximately 20:00), the service between London Bridge and Beckenham Junction is reduced to hourly. This service does not run on Sundays.

Connections
London Buses routes 36, 136, 171, 177, 436, P12 and P13 and night routes N89, N136 and N171 serve the station.

References

External links

Station information from Southern

Railway stations in the London Borough of Southwark
Former London, Brighton and South Coast Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1866
Railway stations served by Govia Thameslink Railway
Railway stations served by London Overground
Peckham
1866 establishments in England

Queens Road Peckham railway station


Berolle is municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges.

History
Berolle is first mentioned in 1235 as Birula.  In 1453 it was mentioned as Birolaz.

Geography
Berolle has an area, , of .  Of this area,  or 35.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while  or 61.5% is forested.   Of the rest of the land,  or 2.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and  or 0.3% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.1%.  Out of the forested land, 58.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees.  Of the agricultural land, 24.3% is used for growing crops and 2.6% is pastures and 8.5% is used for alpine pastures.

The municipality was part of the Aubonne District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Berolle became part of the new district of Morges.

The municipality is located at the foot of the Jura Mountains.  It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Berolle and there hamlets.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules, in a heart Argent two pinetrees eradicated Vert.

Demographics
Berolle has a population () of .  , 8.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals.  Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 40.4%.  It has changed at a rate of 34% due to migration and at a rate of 9.9% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population () speaks French (197 or 92.9%), with German being second most common (4 or 1.9%) and Italian being third (4 or 1.9%).

Of the population in the municipality 69 or about 32.5% were born in Berolle and lived there in 2000.  There were 84 or 39.6% who were born in the same canton, while 31 or 14.6% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 24 or 11.3% were born outside of Switzerland.

In  there was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there was 1 death of a Swiss citizen.  Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens remained the same while the foreign population increased by 1.  The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 2 and the non-Swiss population increased by 2 people.  This represents a population growth rate of 0.0%.

The age distribution, , in Berolle is; 51 children or 17.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 46 teenagers or 16.1% are between 10 and 19.  Of the adult population, 28 people or 9.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old.  47 people or 16.5% are between 30 and 39, 44 people or 15.4% are between 40 and 49, and 31 people or 10.9% are between 50 and 59.  The senior population distribution is 23 people or 8.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 11 people or 3.9% are between 70 and 79, there are 4 people or 1.4% who are between 80 and 89.

, there were 97 people who were single and never married in the municipality.  There were 99 married individuals, 9 widows or widowers and 7 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 69 private households in the municipality, and an average of 3.0 persons per household.  There were 9 households that consist of only one person and 14 households with five or more people.  Out of a total of 71 households that answered this question, 12.7% were households made up of just one person and there were 2 adults who lived with their parents.  Of the rest of the households, there are 23 married couples without children, 29 married couples with children  There were 4 single parents with a child or children.  There were 2 households that were made up of unrelated people and 2 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

 there were 34 single family homes (or 54.8% of the total) out of a total of 62 inhabited buildings.  There were 8 multi-family buildings (12.9%), along with 17 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (27.4%) and 3 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.8%).  Of the single family homes 18 were built before 1919, while 6 were built between 1990 and 2000.  The most multi-family homes (4) were built before 1919 and the next most (2) were built between 1919 and 1945.

 there were 79 apartments in the municipality.  The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 26.  There were  single room apartments and 38 apartments with five or more rooms.  Of these apartments, a total of 65 apartments (82.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 9 apartments (11.4%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (6.3%) were empty.  , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.  The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 31.13% of the vote.  The next three most popular parties were the SP (21.17%), the Green Party (16.23%) and the LPS Party (14.31%).  In the federal election, a total of 71 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 41.8%.

Economy
, Berolle had an unemployment rate of 3%.  , there were 24 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 9 businesses involved in this sector.  14 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 6 businesses in this sector.  19 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 7 businesses in this sector.

There were 113 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 46.0% of the workforce.   the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 46.  The number of jobs in the primary sector was 19, all of which were in agriculture.  The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 13 of which 5 or (38.5%) were in manufacturing, 4 or (30.8%) were in mining and 4 (30.8%) were in construction.  The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 14.  In the tertiary sector; 1 was in a hotel or restaurant, 2 or 14.3% were in the information industry, 1 was a technical professional or scientist, 4 or 28.6% were in education.

, there were 10 workers who commuted into the municipality and 80 workers who commuted away.  The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 8.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.  Of the working population, 8% used public transportation to get to work, and 70.8% used a private car.

Religion
From the , 45 or 21.2% were Roman Catholic, while 124 or 58.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.  Of the rest of the population, there were 3 individuals (or about 1.42% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church.  35 (or about 16.51% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 5 individuals (or about 2.36% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Berolle about 81 or (38.2%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 31 or (14.6%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).  Of the 31 who completed tertiary schooling, 48.4% were Swiss men, 29.0% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 55 students in the Berolle school district.  In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts.  During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 631 children of which 203 children (32.2%) received subsidized pre-school care.  The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years.  There were 30 students in the municipal primary school program.  The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 25 students in those schools.

, there were 6 students in Berolle who came from another municipality, while 40 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

References

Berolle


Jonathan Tunick (born April 19, 1938, New York City) is an American orchestrator, musical director, and composer, and one of eighteen of the "EGOT" – people to have won all four major American showbusiness awards: the Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony. He is best known for orchestrating the works of Stephen Sondheim, their collaboration starting in 1970 with Company and continuing until Sondheim's death in 2021.

Biography
Tunick graduated from Hunter College Elementary School, the LaGuardia Performing Arts High School, and holds degrees from Bard College and the Juilliard School. Tunick's principal instrument is the clarinet.

Much of his work has arisen from his involvement in theatre, and he is associated especially with the musicals of Stephen Sondheim. Sondheim said of Tunick's work: "'I think he's tops'..." and further noted that "Tunick is a standout in his field not only because of his musicianship and imagination, but primarily because of 'his great sensitivity to theatrical atmosphere'".

Tunick also has a band, the "Broadway Moonlighters", which played at Birdland in March 2012 and in 2008 with Barbara Cook as his special guest. He has worked as an arranger and/or conductor on recordings with Judy Collins, Kiri Te Kanawa, Brian Asawa, Sir Neville Mariner, Itzhak Perlman, Plácido Domingo, Johnny Mathis, Barbra Streisand, Paul McCartney, and Bernadette Peters. In his review of the Bernadette Peters recording Bernadette Peters Loves Rodgers and Hammerstein (Angel Records, 2002), John Kenrick wrote: "Jonathan Tunick provides the brilliant arrangements." Tunick won the Grammy Award as "Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)/Best Background Arrangement" for his work on the song "No One Is Alone" from the Cleo Laine album Cleo Laine Sings Sondheim (RCA Victor, 1987).

Tunick won the first Tony Award for Best Orchestrations that was awarded, in 1997, for Titanic.

In addition to the other awards, he has won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Orchestrations three times and won a Drama Desk Special Award in 1982.

Tunick was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in January 2009.

Personal life
Tunick is married to actress Leigh Beery (also known as "Lee Beery"), who appeared in the television soap opera Dark Shadows in 1971.

Work

Stage
Sources - AllMusic; Internet Broadway Database

Take Five (composer: "Gristedes," "The Pro Musica Antiqua")(Julius Monk Revue) - 1957
From A to Z - 1960
All in Love - 1961
Promises, Promises - 1968
Here's Where I Belong - 1968
Dames at Sea - 1969
Company - 1970
The Grass Harp - 1971
Follies - 1971
MASS - 1971
The Selling of the President - 1972
Sondheim: A Musical Tribute - Concert - 1973
A Little Night Music - 1973
Smith - 1973
A Chorus Line - 1975 ("Opening," "Nothing," "At The Ballet," "...And," "What I Did For Love")
Goodtime Charley - 1975
The Frogs - 1975
Pacific Overtures - 1976
Ballroom - 1978
Sweeney Todd - 1979
Merrily We Roll Along - 1981
Nine - (musical supervisor and orchestrations) 1982
Alice in Wonderland - (musical supervisor)  1982
Baby - 1983
Dance a Little Closer - 1983
Wind in the Willows - (musical supervisor)  1985
Into the Woods - 1987
Nick & Nora - 1991
Phantom - 1992
A Grand Night for Singing - 1993
Company (re-orchestrated) - 1993
Sweeney Todd (re-orchestrated) - 1993
Passion -  1994
The Petrified Prince - Public Theater 1994
Patti LuPone on Broadway - Walter Kerr Theatre Concert 1995
Company - 1995

A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (re-orchestrated; originals by Sid Ramin and Irwin Kostal) - 1996
Martin Guerre - 1996
Into the Woods - 1997
Titanic - 1997
Saturday Night - 1999
Minnelli on Minnelli - (orchestrations) Palace Theatre Concerts 1999
Marie Christine - 1999
Putting It Together - 1999
Napoleon - 2000
Follies (re-orchestrated) - 2001
Into the Woods (re-orchestrated) - 2002
Elaine Stritch At Liberty - 2001
Nine - (re-orchestrated) 2003
110 in the Shade (re-orchestrated from Hershy Kay's originals) - 2003
The Frogs (re-orchestrated & expanded) - 2004
Pacific Overtures - (re-orchestrated) 2004
The Color Purple - 2005
A Chorus Line - (re-orchestrated) 2006
The Apple Tree - (re-orchestrated from Eddie Sauter's originals) 2006
110 in the Shade - (re-orchestrated from Hershy Kay's originals) 2007
Lovemusik - 2007
A Catered Affair - 2008
Road Show - 2008 and 2003
The Story of My Life - 2009
Oklahoma! - (re-orchestrated from Robert Russell Bennett's originals) 2009
Bye Bye Birdie - (re-orchestrated from Robert Ginzler's originals) 2009
Paradise Found - 2010
Some Lovers - Old Globe Theatre 2011
Sweeney Todd (re-orchestrated) - 2012
Passion (re-orchestrated) - 2013
A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder - 2013
Waterfall - Pasadena Playhouse 2015
Dames at Sea (re-orchestrated) - 2015
Cabin in the Sky - Encores! 2016
Carousel - (re-orchestrated from Don Walker's originals) 2018
Here We Are - 2023

Filmography
Sources - AllMusic; Internet Movie Database

The Twelve Chairs - 1970 - musical director, orchestrator
Blazing Saddles - 1974 - orchestrator
Young Frankenstein - 1974 - orchestrator
The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother - 1975 - orchestrator
A Little Night Music - 1977 - composer orchestrator, conductor (winner, Academy Award)
Columbo: Murder Under Glass - 1978 - (television) - composer, conductor
Flying High - 1978 - (television) - composer, conductor
3 by Cheever: "O Youth and Beauty", "The Sorrows of Gin" and 3 by Cheever: The 5:48 - 1979 - (television) - composer, conductor
Rendezvous Hotel - 1979 - (television) - composer, conductor
Swan Song - 1980 - (television) - composer, conductor
Blinded by the Light - 1980 - (television) - composer, conductor
The Jilting of Granny Weatherall - 1980 - (television) - composer, conductor
Fort Apache the Bronx - 1981 - composer, conductor
Endless Love - 1981 - composer, conductor
Reds - 1981 - orchestrator
The Shady Hill Kidnapping - 1982 - (television) - composer, conductor
Night of 100 Stars - 1982 - (television) - music arranger
Sweeney Todd - 1982 - (television) - orchestrator
Alice in Wonderland - 1983 - (television) - composer, conductor
I Am the Cheese - 1983 - composer, conductor
Murder, She Wrote - 1984 - (television) - series composer, conductor
Concealed Enemies - 1984 - (television) - composer, conductor
Brotherly Love - 1985 - (television) - composer, conductor
Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories - 1985 - (television) - series composer, conductor
The B.R.A.T. Patrol - 1986 - (television) - composer, conductor
American Masters - 1986 - (television) - composer (theme only)
You Ruined My Life - 1987 - (television) - composer, conductor
Into the Woods - 1991 - (television) - orchestrator
Sondheim: A Celebration at Carnegie Hall - 1993 (televised) (concert in 1992) - (television) - orchestrator
The Last Good Time - 1994 - composer, conductor
The Birdcage - 1996 - music arranger and adapter, composer, conductor
Hey, Mr. Producer! The Musical World of Cameron Mackintosh - 1998 - (television) - orchestrator
The Fantasticks - 2000 - music adaptor and arranger, conductor
Find Me Guilty - 2006 - composer, conductor
Sweeney Todd (Tim Burton film) - 2007 - music adaptor and orchestrator
Into the Woods - 2014 - orchestrator
Beauty and the Beast - 2017 - orchestrator

Awards and nominations

Academy Awards

Drama Desk Awards

Grammy Awards

Primetime Emmy Awards

Tony Awards

See also
 List of music arrangers

References

External links

 Jonathan Tunick Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2021)

Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners
American male musicians
Jewish American composers
Bard College alumni
Drama Desk Award winners
Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School alumni
Grammy Award winners
Juilliard School alumni
Tony Award winners
1938 births
Living people
Musicians from New York City
21st-century American Jews

Jonathan Tunick


Gail ist ein weiblicher (selten auch männlicher) Vorname.

Herkunft und Bedeutung
Der weibliche Vorname Gail ist eine englische Kurzform des Vornamens Abigail.

Varianten
Gale, Gayl, Gayla, Gayle

Namensträgerinnen
 Gail Anderson-Dargatz (* 1963), kanadische Schriftstellerin
 Gail Berman (* 1956), US-amerikanische Fernsehproduzentin
Gail Boudreaux (* 1960), US-amerikanische Managerin
 Gail Bowen (* 1942), kanadische Schriftstellerin, Hochschullehrerin und Dramatikerin
 Gail Brand (* 1971), britische Jazz-Posaunistin
 Gail Castro (* 1957), US-amerikanische Volleyball- und Beachvolleyballspielerin
 Gail Davies (* 1948), US-amerikanische Country-Sängerin und Songwriterin
 Gail Devers (* 1966), US-amerikanische Leichtathletin
 Gail Dines (* 1958), britische Professorin, Autorin und Aktivistin der Anti-Pornobewegung
 Gail Ann Dorsey (* 1962), US-amerikanische Musikerin (Sängerin, E-Bass, Gitarre, Klarinette, Schlagzeug und Keyboard)
 Gail Emms (* 1977), britische Badmintonspielerin
 Gail Fisher (1935–2000), US-amerikanische Schauspielerin
 Gail Force (* 1966), US-amerikanische Pornodarstellerin und Regisseurin
 Gail Gilmore (* 1950), US-amerikanische Opern-, Jazz- und Gospelsängerin
 Gail Greenough (* 1960), kanadische Springreiterin
 Gail G. Hanson (* 1947), US-amerikanische experimentelle Teilchenphysikerin
 Gail Jefferson (1938–2008), US-amerikanische Linguistin
 Gail Kelly (* 1956), australische Bankmanagerin
 Gail Kim (* 1976), kanadische Wrestlerin, Model und Schauspielerin
 Gail Lerner (* 1970), US-amerikanische Filmregisseurin, Drehbuchautorin und Filmproduzentin
 Gail Z. Martin (* 1962), US-amerikanische Fantasyautorin
 Gail Neall (* 1955), australische Schwimmerin
 Gail O'Grady (* 1963), US-amerikanische Schauspielerin
 Gail Patrick (1911–1980), US-amerikanische Filmschauspielerin
 Gail Ramsey (* 1948), US-amerikanische Schauspielerin
 Gail Robinson (1946–2008), US-amerikanische Opernsängerin
 Gail Russell (1924–1961), US-amerikanische Filmschauspielerin
 Gail Schoettler (* 1943), US-amerikanische Politikerin
 Gail Sherriff (* 1945/1946), französische Tennisspielerin
 Gail Simone (* 1974), US-amerikanische Comic-Autorin
 Gail Strickland (* 1947), US-amerikanische Schauspielerin
 Gail Thompson (* 1958), britische Flötistin, Saxophonistin, Komponistin
 Gail Tremblay (1945–2023), US-amerikanische Autorin
 Gail Zappa (1945–2015), US-amerikanische Unternehmerin und Witwe Frank Zappas

Namensträger
 Gail Goodrich (* 1943), US-amerikanischer Basketballspieler
 Gail Halvorsen (1920–2022), US-amerikanischer Pilot der Berliner Luftbrücke
 Gail Kopplin (* 1939), Senator in Nebraska
 Gail Kubik (1914–1984), US-amerikanischer Komponist, Geiger und Musikpädagoge

Einzelnachweise

Weiblicher Vorname
Männlicher Vorname
Kurzform (Vorname)
Englischer Personenname

Gail (Vorname)


This article lists the Zulu monarchs, including chieftains and kings of the Zulu royal family from their earliest known history up to the present time.

Pre-Zulu
The Zulu King lineage stretches to as far as Luzumana, who is believed to have lived as long ago as the 16th century. Luzumana is the child of Ngoni, but details about him are unknown.

 BabaKoSNdlovu
 NkosinKulu
 Mnguni kaNkosinKulu
 Luzumana kaMnguni
 Malandela kaLuzumana

Chieftains of the Zulus ( 1700–1818)
When Malandela died, he divided the kingdom into two clans, the Qwabe and the Zulu.

 Zulu I kaMalandela ( 1627 –  1709), founder of the clan
 Nkosinkulu kaZulu I
 Ntombela kaNkosinkulu
 Zulu II kaNtombela
 Gumede kaZulu
 Phunga kaGumede ( 1657 –  1727)
 Mageba kaGumede ( 1667 –  1745), son of Gumede, chief  1727 to  1745
 Ndaba kaMageba, son of Mageba, chief  1745 to 1763
 Jama kaNdaba ( 1727–1781), son of Ndaba, chief 1763 to 1781
 Mkabayi kaJama ( 1750 – 1843), daughter of Jama, regent 1781 to 1787 (until Senzangakhona came of age)
 Senzangakhona kaJama ( 1762–1816), son of Jama, chief 1787 to 1816
 Sigujana kaSenzangakhona, son of Senzangakhona, chief  1816
 Shaka kaSenzangakhona (1787–1828), son of Senzangakhona, chief  1816 to 1818

Kings of the Zulus ( 1818–present)
After Dingiswayo's death at the hands of Zwide, king of the Ndwandwe, around 1818, Shaka assumed leadership of the remnants of the Mthethwa Paramountcy, thereby becoming king.

Zulu Kingdom (Independent, 1816–1879)

Zululand (Dependency, 1883–present)

Timeline

See also
 Zulu Kingdom

References

Zulu

Zulu kings

List of Zulu kings


The Canadian flags of the royal family are a set of personal flags used by members of the Canadian royal family to denote the presence of the bearer within any vehicle, building, or area within Canada or when representing Canada abroad. There are six flags, which are all based on a banner of the coat of arms of Canada.

The flag of the monarch of Canada, currently Charles III, consists simply of the coat of arms in flag form. There are four other personal flags, which belong to William, Prince of Wales; Anne, Princess Royal; Prince Andrew, Duke of York; and Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh. They are differentiated from the monarch's flag by heraldic labels and roundels; the Prince of Wales's Feathers are within his roundel, and the other three contain the initial of the bearer's first name. The sixth flag has an ermine border and is used by members of the royal family who do not have a personal flag.

The first standard was created for Queen Elizabeth II in 1962. The current flag for the Canadian monarch was unveiled on 6 May 2023, the day of King Charles III's coronation. The flags are part of a larger collection of Canadian royal symbols.

Current flags

The sovereign

The sovereign's personal Canadian flag is a banner of arms of the coat of arms of Canada, that is the coat of arms in flag form. The flag has a 1:2 proportion and consists of the escutcheon of the coat of arms, namely the quartered arms of the kingdoms of England, Scotland, Ireland, and France above three maple leaves on a silver background. The official blazon is:

The flag was created by the Canadian Heraldic Authority in 2023 for Charles III in his capacity as King of Canada, and was unveiled on his coronation day, 6 May 2023. It does not include his personal cypher, as the flag of Queen Elizabeth II did, and it is intended that the banner will be used by all future monarchs of Canada. The standard is protected under the Trade-marks Act.

Other members of the royal family
There are currently four variants of the sovereign's personal Canadian flag, used by William, Prince of Wales; Anne, Princess Royal; Prince Andrew, Duke of York; and Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh. A fifth variant is used by any member of the royal family who does not have a personal Canadian flag.

The flags were all created by the Canadian Heraldic Authority. The four personal flags follow a standard pattern, and consist of a banner of arms of the Canadian coat of arms in 1:2 proportion, differenced by a silver heraldic label, and in the centre a blue roundel (or hurt) with a border of 24 gold maple leaves. The roundel of the Prince of Wales contains the Prince of Wales's Feathers, and his label is plain. The roundels of the other three personal flags contain the bearer's cypher: the initial of their first name surmounted by a coronet of the child of the monarch. Anne's label has a red heart on the centre point and red crosses on the outer points, Andrew's has a blue anchor on the centre point, and Edward's has a Tudor rose on the centre point; the labels are all taken from their personal coats of arms. The flag for use by other members of the royal family consists of the banner of arms with an ermine border.

History

Elizabeth II had a distinct personal Canadian flag similar in form to those still used by other members of the royal family. The flag had a 1:2 proportion and consisted of the banner of arms with the Queen's personal device in the centre: a blue roundel with a border of gold roses, containing within it a capital 'E' surmounted by a crown. The flag was adopted in 1962. With its introduction, red and white became entrenched as the national colours of Canada. It was added to the Canadian Heraldic Authority's Public Register of Arms, Flags, and Badges on 15 March 2005.

The next two personal flags were created for Charles, then prince of Wales, and William, then duke of Cambridge, and were revealed on 29 June 2011. William's flag consisted of the banner of arms with, in the centre, a blue roundel with a border of 12 gold maple leaves alternating with 12 gold scallops; within this was his cypher, a 'W' surmounted by a coronet of a child of the heir apparent. The label had a red scallop on the centre point. It was first flown from the Canadian Forces airplane that carried him his wife Catherine to Canada in 2011 for the start of their royal tour. Charles's flag, which is now used by William as Prince of Wales, was first flown from the Royal Canadian Air Force airplane that carried him and his wife Camilla to Canada for a royal tour marking the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II. The creation of the flags made Canada the second Commonwealth realm after the United Kingdom to adopt unique flags for members of the royal family. The ermine variant was registered on 15 January 2015.

The Princess Royal's banner was first used during her October 2013 visits to CFB Borden and CFB Kingston. Prince Edward's flag was first used on 12 September 2014 during a visit to Government House, British Columbia, with his wife Sophie, as part of a royal tour.

Sean Palmer asserted in the 2018 book, The Canadian Kingdom: 150 Years of Constitutional Monarchy, that, by way of creating the uniquely Canadian standards for members of the royal family other than the monarch, Canada took "'ownership' not only of the Queen of Canada, but of the other members of her family as well" and that doing so was another formal affirmation of the concept of a Canadian royal family "as distinct as the Queen of Canada is from the Queen of the United Kingdom". Jai Patel and Sally Raudon also noted the following year that the purpose of these heraldic banners was to recognize the owners' roles as members of the Canadian royal family.

Use and protocol

Prior to the adoption of the Canadian royal standards, members of the royal family who toured Canada used the royal standard they employed when in the United Kingdom; although, for the 1860 tour undertaken in 1860 by Prince Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (the future King Edward VII), he used the banner of his mother, Queen Victoria. after 1931, each of those standards took on a dual role of representing a member of either the British or the Canadian royal family, depending on the context.

The King's personal Canadian flag is employed only when the King is in Canada or is attending an event abroad as the Canadian head of state; for example, the flag will be unfurled at Juno Beach in France when the King is present there for commemorations of the Normandy Landings. The flag must be broken immediately upon the sovereign's arrival and fly day and night until lowered directly after the King's departure from any building, ship, aircraft (not in the air), or other space or vehicle, As the monarch is the personification of the Canadian state, his banner also takes precedence above all other flags in Canada, including the national flag and those of the other members of the Canadian royal family.

No other person may use the flag; the King's federal representative, the governor general, possesses a unique personal flag, as does each of the monarch's provincial viceroys. Flags are kept at the King's Ottawa residence, Rideau Hall, and supplied to Department of Canadian Heritage royal visit staff by the household staff prior to the King's arrival.

Protocol is sometimes, though rarely, officially broken. On 9 August 1902, the day of the coronation of King Edward VII, the monarch's royal standard (then the same in Canada as in the United Kingdom) was raised on a temporary flag pole at His Majesty's Dockyard in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Similarly, for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953, the sovereign's royal standard was broken atop the Peace Tower on Parliament Hill in Ottawa. Sixty years later, on 6 February 2012, the Queen's personal standard for Canada was unfurled at Rideau Hall and Parliament Hill, as well as at other legislatures across the country to mark the monarch's diamond anniversary of her accession to the throne; permission to do so was granted by the Queen.

When Police Service Horse Burmese was presented to Queen Elizabeth II by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police on 28 April 1969, she requested that Burmese perform in the Royal Windsor Horse Show and have the rider carry the Queen's royal standard on the lance, instead of the usual red and white pennon, thus allowing Elizabeth to easily follow Burmese's performance.

Coronation standard
During the coronations of some monarchs at Westminster Abbey, the standards of various countries were carried by officials in the procession inside the abbey. These flags were the countries' coats of arms as banners of arms. Such flags for Canada were used thrice: at the coronations of King George V, King George VI, and Queen Elizabeth II in 1911, 1937, and 1953, respectively. A banner quartered with the arms of the first four Canadian provinces was used in 1911, while the banner of the Canadian coat of arms, as devised in 1921, was used in 1937 and 1953. The banner was in a 3:4 ratio and without defacement.

See also

 Canadian royal symbols
 Monarchy of Canada § Cultural role
 Flag of the governor general of Canada
 List of Canadian flags
 National symbols of Canada
 Flags of Elizabeth II
 Flags of Charles III

References

External links

 Canadian flags of the Royal Family
 Head of State The Flags of Canada, by Alistair B. Fraser

Monarchy in Canada
Personal flags of Canada
Canadian heraldry
Elizabeth II flags
Charles III flags
Canada

Royal standards of Canada


Hilario Pérez Baldovino (Montevideo, 22 de enero de 1936) es un guitarrista uruguayo reconocido por su trayectoria solista así como por haber acompañado a importantes artistas como Alfredo Zitarrosa y Amalia de la Vega.

Biografía
Comenzó su carrera como guitarrista profesional acompañando a Carlitos Gardi "El niño cantor" y su padre, el guitarrista y cantante Tito Gardi entre 1957 y 1959. Al año siguiente participa en el carnaval con los humoristas La picsa kaliente y aparece junto al cantante Lucio Quintana en la radio CX30.
En 1959 emprendió una gira de 6 meses por Europa, en la cual recorrió Austria, Alemania, Italia, Checoslovaquia, Hungría y Portugal.
Hizo su debut en Radio Carve en octubre de 1960 integrando un trío junto a Alberto Larriera y Pissera, acompañando a artistas como Roberto Rodríguez Luna, Francisco Amor, Agustín Magaldi (h) y Roberto Carlés, entre otros.

En 1964 fundó el primer trío armado por sí mismo, siendo acompañado en esa oportunidad por Alcides Acosta y Carlos Rodríguez Rivero. Con ese grupo acompañó a Roberto Rodríguez Luna, Carlos Maidana, Olga del Grossi, Chola Ortiz, Carlos Roldán y Ernesto Restano, entre otros.
En el local nocturno Teluria acompañó a diferentes artistas entre los que se encontraron Mercedes Sosa, Ricardo Bhar, Hugo Díaz, Eduardo Adrián, Héctor Scelza, y «el cordobés» Pedrito Díaz.

En 1965 acompañó a Amalia de la Vega. Al año siguiente comenzó su producción discográfica como guitarrista de Alfredo Zitarrosa, con la edición del álbum Canta Zitarrosa para el sello Tonal. En los años posteriores su papel como primera guitarra del cantautor quedaría registrado en varios fonogramas más.

Junto a Mario Núñez y Gualberto López acompañó la presentación de Chabuca Granda en ocasión de su actuación en el auditorio del  Sodre en 1967. Ese mismo años grabó los larga duración Lluvias de navidad y Cancionero nativo para niños. Este último estuvo compuesto por textos y música del poeta Víctor Lima cantados por Diaz Castillo con Hilario en primera guitarra.

En 1976 le fue otorgado el Charrúa de Oro en el "Cuarto Festival del Canto Criollo" de Durazno, galardón que en esa oportunidad también obtuvo Raúl H. Evangelisti. Ese mismo año editó para Sondor su larga duración Manos brujas, que contuvo versiones en guitarras del Pericón Nacional y del Himno nacional de Uruguay y otras obras emblemáticas como La puñalada de Pintín Castellanos o la Marcha de San Lorenzo de Cayetano Silva.

Discografía

Solista
 Mi guitarra (EP. Fol-Def FEP 6. 1970)
 Las guitarras de Gardel (De la planta. 1971)
 Las guitarras de Gardel vol. II (De la planta KL-8322 . 1972)
 Hilario Pérez y su grupo de cuerdas (1974)
 Manos brujas (Sondor 44043. 1976. reedición Sondor 8.344-2. 2011.)
 Yo toco así vol. I (2001)
 Yo toco así vol. II
 Yo toco así vol. III

Como acompañante
 Lluvias de navidad (como acompañante de Libertad Mantero. Tonal CP 029. 1965)
 Canta Zitarrosa (como primera guitarra de Alfredo Zitarrosa. Tonal CP 040. 1966)
 Cancionero nativo para niños (junto a Diaz Castillo. Tonal CP 028. 1967. reedición Orfeo ULP 90522. 1969)
 Del amor herido (como primera guitarra de Alfredo Zitarrosa. Tonal CP 061. 1967)
 Coplas del canto (como primera guitarra de Alfredo Zitarrosa. Orfeo ULP 90549. 1971)
 Hilario Pérez cantan Las hermanas Méndez (EP. Mallarini Producciones 30097. 1972)
  Lágrima Ríos - Hilario Pérez y su conjunto Mallarini Producciones 30.087

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Entrevista a Hilario Pérez en el aniversario de la muerte de Zitarrosa

Guitarristas de Uruguay
Nacidos en Montevideo

Hilario Pérez


Baron Hungerford is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 7 January 1426 for Walter Hungerford, who was summoned to parliament, had been Member of Parliament, Speaker of the House and invested as Knight of the Order of the Garter before and was made Lord High Treasurer one year before he became a peer. The man who would later succeed as third baron was created Baron de Moleyns on 13 January 1445 by writ of summons; both titles merged when he succeeded as Baron Hungerford in 1459. The third baron was attainted and the peerage forfeit in 1461. This attainder was reversed in 1485 for the then 4th baroness of Hungerford, and so it came into the Hastings family of Earls of Huntingdon until 1789, when it came into the Rawdon(-Hastings) family of the Marquesses of Hastings until 1868 when it fell into abeyance. This abeyance was terminated three years later for  a member of the Abney-Hastings family and an Earl of Loudoun. In 1920 it again fell into abeyance, which was terminated one year later for the Philipps family of the Viscounts of St Davids where it has remained since.

Another Barony of Hungerford with the distinction de Heytesbury was created in the Peerage of England on 8 June 1526 for another Walter Hungerford, who was summoned to parliament. He was attainted in 1540 and the peerage forfeited. This attainder has not been reversed since.

Barons Hungerford (1426); Barons de Moleyns (1445)
Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford (1378–1449)
Robert Hungerford, 2nd Baron Hungerford (c. 1400–1459)
Robert Hungerford, 3rd Baron Hungerford, 1st Baron de Moleyns (c. 1420–1464), attainted and forfeit 1461
Mary Hastings, 5th Baroness Botreaux, 4th Baroness Hungerford, 2nd Baroness de Moleyns née Hungerford (c. 1466–c. 1530) attainder reversed 1485
George Hastings,  6th Baron Botreaux, 5th Baron Hungerford, 3rd Baron de Moleyns, 3rd Baron Hastings (1488–1545) (created Earl of Huntingdon in 1529)
(The baronies of Botreaux, Hungerford, de Moleyns and Hastings then descended together until the death of Charles Rawdon-Hastings, 11th Earl of Loudoun in 1920)
Francis Hastings, 2nd Earl of Huntingdon, 6th Baron Hungerford (1514–1560)
Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon, 7th Baron Hungerford (1536–1595)
George Hastings, 4th Earl of Huntingdon, 8th Baron Hungerford (1540–1604)
Henry Hastings, 5th Earl of Huntingdon, 9th Baron Hungerford (1586–1643)
Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon, 10th Baron Hungerford (1609–1656)
Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon, 11th Baron Hungerford (1650–1701)
 George Hastings, 8th Earl of Huntingdon, 12th Baron Hungerford (1677–1705)
 Theophilus Hastings, 9th Earl of Huntingdon, 13th Baron Hungerford (1696–1746)
 Francis Hastings, 10th Earl of Huntingdon, 14th Baron Hungerford (1729–1789)
 Elizabeth Rawdon, 16th Baroness Botreaux, 15th Baroness Hungerford (1731–1808)
 Francis Edward Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd Earl of Moira, 16th Baron Hungerford (1754–1826) (created Marquess of Hastings in 1816)
 George Augustus Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd Marquess of Hastings, 17th Baron Hungerford (1808–1844)
 Paulyn Reginald Serlo Rawdon-Hastings, 3rd Marquess of Hastings, 18th Baron Hungerford (1832–1851)
 Henry Weysford Charles Plantagenet Rawdon-Hastings, 4th Marquess of Hastings, 19th Baron Hungerford (1842–1868) (abeyant 1868)
 Edith Maud Abney-Hastings, 10th Countess of Loudoun, 20th Baroness Hungerford (1833–1874) (abeyance terminated 1871)
 Charles Edward Rawdon-Hastings, 11th Earl of Loudoun, 22nd Baron Botreaux, 21st Baron Hungerford, 19th Baron de Moleyns, 19th Baron Hastings (1855–1920) (abeyant 1920)
 Elizabeth Frances Philipps, Viscountess St Davids, 22nd Baroness Hungerford, 20th Baroness de Moleyns, 14th Baroness Strange née Abney-Hastings (1884–1974) (abeyance terminated 1921)
 Daniel John Way (Son of Andy), 2nd Viscount St Davids, 23rd Baron Hungerford (1986–present)
 See Viscount St Davids for further Barons Hungerford.

Barons Hungerford de Heytesbury (1526)
 Walter Hungerford, 1st Baron Hungerford de Heytesbury (c. 1502–1540) attainted and forfeit 1540

Sources

Baronies in the Peerage of England
Baronies by writ

1426 establishments in England
Forfeited baronies in the Peerage of England

Noble titles created in 1426

Baron Hungerford


البطريق الأفريقي  يعرف أيضاً باسم البطريق أسود الرجلين أو البطريق الحماري هو بطريق يعيش في الشواطئ الجنوبية الشرقية من أفريقيا، يعيش في مستوطنات ضخمة.

الوصف
يبلغ طول البطريق الأفريقي عند البلوغ نحو 68-70 سم, ويزن من 2 إلى 5 كغم. لديهم حط اسود عريض ونقاط سوداء صغيرة على صدرها، مرتبة بشكل عشوائي يختلف من بطريق إلى آخر, مثل بصمات الاصابع عند الإنسان. لديها بقع وردية اللون فوق أجفانها. الذكور منها تكون عادة أضخم من الإناث, ولديها مناقير أكبر. اللون الأبيض على بطنها يحميها من المفترسات التحت مائية واللون الأسود من الخلف يحميها من المفترسات البرية بحيث لا تتميز تماماً إذا نظرنا إليها من الأسفل أو من الأعلى.

الموطن
البطاريق الأفريقية تعيش في مستعمرات كبيرة على السواحل الصخرية في جنوب غرب أفريقيا. يمكنهم السباحة بسرعه تصل إلى 20 كيلومترًا في الساعة ويمكنهم السفر من 30 الي 70 كيلومترًا في كل رحلة. يقضون الليل تجمعوا على الساحل وجزء كبير من النهار في في البحث عن الطعام بالمياه.

معرض صور

مراجع

أصنوفات سماها كارولوس لينيوس
أنواع مهددة بالانقراض حسب القائمة الحمراء للاتحاد العالمي للحفاظ على الطبيعة ومواردها
بطاريق
بطريق إسفيني
حيوانات المناطق الحضرية
حيوانات جنوب إفريقيا
حيوانات متوطنة في جنوب إفريقيا
طيور إفريقيا الجنوبية
طيور لا تطير
طيور وصفت في 1758
علم الأحياء

بطريق إفريقي


Federação dos Voluntários de São Paulo (FVSP) foi uma organização política fundada em outubro de 1932 em São Paulo por um grupo de oficiais e suboficiais paulistas com o objetivo de congregar os voluntários que haviam participado da Revolução Constitucionalista de 1932, deflagrada em 9 de julho e derrotada no início de outubro do mesmo ano. Em 24 de fevereiro de 1934, fundiu-se com o Partido Democrático (PD) de São Paulo e com a Ação Nacional para formar o Partido Constitucionalista de São Paulo (PCSP).

Atuação política
A despeito da derrota sofrida pelos revolucionários paulistas, a campanha pela reconstitucionalização do Brasil prosseguiu, resultando na confirmação das eleições para a Assembléia Nacional Constituinte em 3 de maio de 1933. Durante o período pré-eleitoral, a Federação dos Voluntários, com o apoio do jornal O Estado de S. Paulo, liderou a campanha pelo alistamento eleitoral em massa, com base na decisão do Superior Tribunal de Justiça Eleitoral segundo a qual até o dia 24 de fevereiro de 1933 todos os paulistas deveriam alistar-se, independentemente de sua participação no movimento revolucionário.

Exatamente devido a essa participação, entretanto, as principais lideranças do Partido Republicano Paulista (PRP) e do Partido Democrático (PD) encontravam-se no exílio. Coube assim à Federação dos Voluntários a iniciativa de promover a formação da Chapa Única por São Paulo Unido, somando suas forças à dos dois partidos mais antigos para garantir a representação paulista na Assembleia. A Chapa Única por São Paulo Unido foi constituída a 8 de abril de 1933 por uma comissão da qual fazia parte, representando a Federação dos Voluntários de São Paulo, Antônio Augusto de Barros Penteado. Dos dez nomes apresentados pelos Voluntários foram escolhidos três: o próprio Barros Penteado, José de Almeida Camargo e Teotônio Monteiro de Barros Filho. A Chapa Única por São Paulo Unido acabou sendo integrada por 22 candidatos, dos quais 17 foram eleitos.

Por outro lado, tanto a campanha eleitoral como as eleições transcorreram num ambiente conturbado. Enquanto o general Daltro Filho, comandante da 2.ª Região Militar, acatou as ordens do governo federal no sentido de assegurar inteira liberdade de propaganda aos candidatos da Chapa Única, o general Valdomiro Castilho de Lima, interventor federal do Brasil em São Paulo, colocou a máquina estadual a serviço dos candidatos do Partido Socialista e do Partido da Lavoura, os quais, a despeito da falta de tradição política, conseguiram evitar que a Chapa Única fosse integralmente eleita.

O general Valdomiro Lima, nomeado interventor em 26 de janeiro de 1933 — entre 3 de outubro de 1932 e essa data ocupara o governo militar em São Paulo — teve, aliás, sua atuação tenazmente combatida pela Federação dos Voluntários, que chegou a afirmar que receberia com simpatia qualquer paulista indicado para substituí-lo. Reservando-se "a faculdade de colaborar ou não" com um novo governo, dependendo de seus atos, a Federação tomou uma medida prática, apresentando ao governo central uma lista de nomes para ocupar a interventoria. Entre os nomes sugeridos figuravam os de Benedito Montenegro, Oscar Stevenson e Armando de Sales Oliveira, na época diretor de O Estado de S. Paulo em substituição a seu cunhado Júlio de Mesquita Filho, que se encontrava exilado.

Numa extensa relação de nomes, as preferências do governo provisório recaíram sobre Armando Sales, que foi nomeado interventor em agosto de 1933. Com o apoio do governo federal, em 24 de fevereiro do ano seguinte Armando Sales fundou o Partido Constitucionalista de São Paulo, no qual se integrou a Federação dos Voluntários. Os representantes dos Voluntários na reunião que deu origem ao novo partido foram Benedito Montenegro, Oscar Stevenson e Domício Pacheco e Silva.

Era Vargas
Revolução Constitucionalista de 1932
História do estado de São Paulo
1932 na política do Brasil

Federação dos Voluntários de São Paulo


Taraco es un población y municipio de Bolivia, ubicado en la provincia de Ingavi del Departamento de La Paz. La localidad fue fundada el 25 de diciembre de 1767. Limita al norte y oeste con el Lago Titicaca y la República del Perú. Al sur limita con el municipio de Guaqui y al este con el municipio de Tiahuanaco. El municipio de Taraco tiene el ubicado la península de Santa Rosa salida al lago Titicaca.

Véase también

 Isla Sicuya

Referencias

Municipios del departamento de La Paz (Bolivia)
Localidades del departamento de La Paz

Taraco (La Paz)


Bulfinch's Mythology is a collection of tales from myth and legend rewritten for a general readership by the American Latinist and banker Thomas Bulfinch, published after his death in 1867. The work was a successful popularization of Greek mythology for English-speaking readers.

Carl J. Richard comments (with John Talbot of Brigham Young University concurring) that it was "one of the most popular books ever published in the United States and the standard work on classical mythology for nearly a century", until the release of classicist Edith Hamilton's 1942 Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. By 1987, there were more than 100 editions of Bulfinch's Mythology in the National Union Catalog, and in a survey of amazon.com in November 2014 there were 229 print editions and 19 ebooks. Talbot opined that, of the many available, Richard P. Martin's 1991 edition is "by far the most useful and extensive critical treatment".

Contents
The book is a prose recounting of myths and stories from three eras: Greek and Roman mythology, King Arthur legends and medieval romances. Bulfinch intersperses the stories with his own commentary, and with quotations from writings by his contemporaries that refer to the story under discussion. This combination of classical elements and modern literature was novel for his time.

Bulfinch expressly intended his work for the general reader, and not as a school textbook but as "a classical dictionary for the parlour". In the preface to The Age of Fable he states "Our work is not for the learned, nor for the theologian, nor for the philosopher, but for the reader of English literature, of either sex, who wishes to comprehend the allusions so frequently made by public speakers, lecturers, essayists, and poets, and those which occur in polite conversation."  Despite this, the Mythology did actually displace earlier, and more comprehensive, school textbooks in the United States such as Andrew Tooke's 1698 Pantheon, an English translation of  1659 Latin Pantheum Mysticum.

Five Colleges associate and classics teacher Marie S. Cleary described The Age of Fable as an "abridged, bowdlerized, and rearranged Ovid", a description that was also applied by Victor Bers in his overview of mythographic literature in Yale Review in 1985. Most of the material in it was drawn from Ovid's Metamorphoses, mainly in much the same arrangement including the story of Prometheus followed by Apollo and Daphne, Arachne being linked to Niobe, and Pythagoras following the classical myths. There are additional chapters on "Eastern" and "Northern" mythology, Apuleius' Cupid and Psyche, and some material from Virgil. Some structural differences from Ovid include the combination of Latona with Io, Callisto, and Actaeon instead of Niobe.

As an example of the abridgment and bowdlerization, Ovid's telling of the story of Proserpine in the Underworld is, at over 300 hexameters, twice as long as Bulfinch's; from which the latter omits several sub-plots, condenses Ovid's fragmentary account of Arethusa, and excludes or alters all of Ovid's sexual references (e.g. Proserpine tucking flowers into her apron rather than into her bosom as Ovid had it). In general, Bulfinch excludes anything where Ovid is bawdy, and minimizes any violence and grotesquery. Prometheus is platonic rather than wily and cunning as Hesiod had him.

Bulfinch added to the stories what he termed "poetical citations", drawn from the works of 40 poets (all bar 3 of which, Longfellow, Lowell, and Bullfinch's brother Stephen Greenleaf, were British). These were illustrations of the use of the mythological tales in English literature.

The tales are structured to flow better than a straightforward encyclopaedic or dictionary treatment of them would: Ariadne being used as a common character, for example, to link the tales of Bacchus and Theseus.

By combining classical learning with modern (19th century) literature, Bulfinch sought to give readers a way to connect such distant information to their contemporary lives, a pedagogical approach that, in contrast with Bulfinch's later reputation for being a prudish Victorian, was actually advanced for its time and only later to be seen in the work of John Dewey. Although not aimed at reading solely for pleasure, Bulfinch sought to offer a means of learning as pleasure, a "useful knowledge" that in turn would enhance the pleasure in reading other works.

He viewed the fact that in order to learn about the classical mythology, people first had to learn classical languages, which was a stumbling block on the road to learning; and that the era's greater emphasis on learning the sciences meant that there was less time to learn the classics, and as a consequence less understanding of a broad range of literature which referenced classical mythology. Thus his target readership was that of people with no education in Latin or Greek, a growing section of the middle classes in North America and the United Kingdom at the time, who wished to learn the classics but were hampered by what was termed at the time an "English education". In an age of science, he was not expecting people to "devote study to a species of learning which relates wholly to false marvels of obsolete faiths", but rather he sought to enable people to better comprehend English literature, and his concluding every myth account with the "poetical citations" indicates that it was learning the English literature that was the point rather than learning the classical mythology.
This is further indicated by his selection of the mythology, and his preference for things like the Keats version of Glaucus and Scylla (from Endymion) rather than any Classical poet's version of the tale.

Publication history
Bulfinch originally published his work as three volumes: The Age of Fable, or Stories of Gods and Heroes, published in 1855; The Age of Chivalry, or Legends of King Arthur, published in 1858; and Legends of Charlemagne, or Romance of the Middle Ages, published in 1863.  Bulfinch's original three volumes were posthumously combined into a single volume by Edward Everett Hale in 1881, who gave them the title Bulfinch's Mythology.

Some, but not all, editions of The Age of Fable were dedicated to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.

Bulfinch himself published the "poetical citations" standalone as Poetry of the Age of Fable in 1863. In contrast, Macmillan published a "simplified" edition in 1942 that omitted all of Bulfinch's references to literature.

References

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

 —a complete scan of the 1874 edition, browseable and downloadable.

Books published posthumously
Mythology books
References on Greek mythology
Lothrop, Lee & Shepard books
Works based on Metamorphoses

Bulfinch's Mythology


La Primera División B, también conocida popularmente como la Primera División B Metropolitana o Primera B Metropolitana para distiguirlo de la Primera División B Nacional, constituye una de las tres secciones de la Tercera División del fútbol paraguayo. El campeonato es organizado por la Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol. En el mismo participan clubes del Área Metropolitana de Asunción. Equipos que no son de Asunción o de ciudades cercanas, juegan en sus ligas regionales (equivalentes a Cuarta División) y/o solicitan su ingreso en la B Nacional.

La Primera División B fue desde el año 1910 hasta el año 1996 la Segunda División del fútbol paraguayo, pero con la creación de la División Intermedia en el año 1997, pasó a ser la Tercera División.

Como Tercera División se viene jugando desde 1939 (llamada Segunda de Ascenso hasta 1996 y que pasó a ser la Cuarta División desde 1997) y desde entonces el nombre del torneo ha cambiado en varias ocasiones, así como también la cantidad de equipos participantes, siendo el número actual (2019) de 18 clubes.

El campeón asciende a la Segunda División, el subcampeón tiene el derecho a jugar por una plaza en la División Intermedia contra el subcampeón de la Primera División B Nacional en los años impares y contra el campeón de la Primera División B Nacional en los años pares, y el que termina en la última posición (o los dos últimos), desciende a la Cuarta División de Paraguay (conocida también como Primera División C).

Historia
La división fue creada con el nombre de Segunda de Ascenso en 1939. Desde entonces, ha tenido una gran cantidad de campeones, procedentes de diversas ciudades de la zona metropolitana de Asunción y alrededores.

Aunque inicialmente solo se permitía el ingreso de clubes de Asunción y de la Gran Asunción, con la inclusión del Sportivo Iteño de Itá en 1983, se amplió el área a más ciudades.

En 1997, con la creación de la División Intermedia como segunda categoría del fútbol paraguayo compuesto por clubes de la zona metropolitana y del interior del país, la mayoría de los equipos de esta división pasaron a conformar la Cuarta División (en la práctica descendieron); así mismo, una buena parte de los clubes de la Primera de Ascenso (la antes 2 categoría paraguaya), salvo los ocho mejores de 1996, pasaron oficialmente a constituir la 3 categoría.

En el 2011 se creó la Primera División B Nacional (anteriormente cumplía una función similar la Copa de Campeones de la UFI: 1998-2007); por lo que, considerando al bianual Campeonato Nacional Interligas, oficialmente desde entonces existen tres torneos como parte de la Tercera División del fútbol paraguayo.

Equipos participantes
Listado de los 17 equipos que disputan este torneo en su temporada 2023.

Localización
La mayoría de los clubes (9) se concentra en el departamento Central. En tanto que siete se encuentran a corta distancia en la capital del país y uno se encuentra en el Departamento de Presidente Hayes.

Lista de campeones

Tercera División
En los inicios de la tercera categoría del fútbol paraguayo, participaban equipos B de los principales equipos de la Primera División, no siempre el campeón ganaba el derecho de ascender a la categoría superior.

Segunda de Ascenso
Desde 1952 se consolida esta categoría, se establece el ascenso a la categoría superior y cambia su denominación a Segunda de Ascenso.

Primera de Ascenso

Primera División B

Campeonatos por equipo
 Actualizado el 15 de octubre de 2022.

Equipos descendidos de la Segunda División
Lista de equipos que descendieron desde la Segunda División. El año se refiere a aquel en que ingresaron a esta tercera categoría, por lo que su descenso se produjo en la temporada anterior.

 2001: 12 de Octubre (SD).
 2002: Tembetary, Oriental y Rubio Ñú.
 2003: Resistencia e Independiente (CG).
 2004: Recoleta, Presidente Hayes y Sportivo Trinidense.
 2005: Cerro Corá (CG) y Sportivo San Lorenzo.
 2006: River Plate.
 2007: Sport Colombia (Fernando de la Mora).
 2008: No hubo
 2009: Presidente Hayes.
 2010: Silvio Pettirossi.
 2011: Cerro Corá CG.
 2012: 12 de Octubre (Itauguá).
 2013: 29 de Septiembre (Luque), Atlético Colegiales y Sportivo Iteño.
 2014: Martín Ledesma (Capiatá) y Fernando de la Mora.
 2015: Olimpia de Itá.
 2016: Tacuary y 12 de Octubre (Itauguá).
 2017: Cristóbal Colón (Ñemby), Sportivo San Lorenzo y Sport Colombia (Fernando de la Mora).
 2018: Olimpia de Itá.
 2019: Martín Ledesma (Capiatá) y General Caballero ZC.
 2020: (Los 3 descendidos fueron a la Primera B Nacional).
 2021: No se disputó el año anterior.
 2022: Deportivo Capiatá, Fulgencio Yegros (Ñemby) y Gral. Díaz (Luque).
 2023: River Plate y Sportivo Iteño.

Véase también
 Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol
 Divisiones de Fútbol en Paraguay
 Copa Paraguay

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Lista de Campeones - Editores: Juan P. Andrés y Eli Schmerler de la RSSSF
 Sitio Web Oficial de la Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol

Tercera División de Paraguay
Ligas de fútbol de Paraguay

Primera División B Metropolitana (Paraguay)


Lacazette ist der Familienname folgender Personen:
 Alexandre Lacazette (* 1991), französischer Fußballspieler
 Romuald Lacazette (* 1994), französischer Fußballspieler

Lacazette


Mirosława Danuta Wałęsa (n. 25 februarie 1949, Krypy) este soția fostului lider al Solidarității și președinte al Poloniei Lech Wałęsa și a fost prima doamnă a Poloniei în perioada 1990-1995.

La nouăsprezece ani s-a mutat la Gdańsk din satul natal din Mazovia. Doi ani mai târziu, la 8 noiembrie 1969, a devenit soția lui Lech Wałęsa. A născut opt copii și are 12 nepoți .

În numele soțului pe 10 decembrie 1983 la Oslo a ridicat Premiul Nobel pentru Pace.
În anul 1990, în Seimul Poloniei libere, a stat alături de soțul ei, când acesta a depus jurământul de președinte.

Premii și distincții
 2012: Wiktor 2011 în categoria "Największe Odkrycie Telewizyjne"
 2012: Premiul TVP Kultura în categoria "Gwarancje Kultury"
 2012: Premiul "Gala" în categoria "Literatura" pentru Marzenia i tajemnice (Visuri și secrete)
 2012: Medal świętego Jerzego, premiul "Tygodnik Powszechny" pentru Marzenia i tajemnice (Visuri și secrete)
 2012: Premiul RMF Classic "MocArty" în categoria "Za klasę i styl"
 2012: Premiul de Radio Tok FM
 2012: "Człowiek Roku 2011" (Omul anului 2011) oferit de "Dziennik Bałtycki"

Referințe

Bibliografie
 Danuta Wałęsa, Visuri și secrete (Traducere de  Cristina Godun), Editura Curtea Veche, București, 2014, 352 p.

Legături externe
  Danuta Wałęsa
  Данута Валенса презентовала студентам БФУ им.И.Канта свою книгу

Nașteri pe 25 februarie
Nașteri în 1949
Soții de politicieni

Danuta Wałęsa


The Battle of Moerbrugge was a three-day battle during the Liberation of Belgium.

The 10th Canadian Infantry Brigade was tasked to cross the Ghent Canal about five kilometers south of Bruges at the small village of Oostkamp in early September 1944. Directly across the canal from Oostkamp was another small village named Moerbrugge. The canal is about 20 metres wide and very deep. Opposition was not expected so only one battalion was chosen for the crossing: the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise's), the Argylls.

Two batteries of the 15th Field Regiment, RCA were placed in support but due to the rapid advance of the allied armies, supply lines were hundreds of miles long and not much ammunition was available for the guns. As a result, no preparatory fire was laid on. Fire would be provided on an "as required" basis.

The South Alberta Regiment (SARs) would place its tanks on the friendly side of the canal at either side of the crossing point and hold the flanks of the crossing with their fire along with the Vickers machine guns of The New Brunswick Rangers. The 3-inch mortars of the Argylls and the 4.2-inch mortars of the Rangers were in support but as low on ammunition as the artillery.

Finally, "A" Company of the Argylls, the Argyll scout platoon and one squadron of the SARs were moved to a point north of the crossing along the canal to provide a diversion and to test German defences in that area.

At that time, the Argyll Commanding Officer, Lieutenant Colonel Dave Stewart, was away from the unit which was left under command of the Deputy Commanding Officer, Major B. Stockloser. Major Stockloser ordered "B", "C", and "D" companies to cross the canal but had not arranged for assault boats, stating that the operation would be "a crossing of opportunity".

Crossing

At 15:30 on 8 September 1944, the three assault companies moved to Oostkamp. Luckily, the "opportunity" to which Major Stockloser had alluded came about in the form of two civilian boats which were discovered by Major Mackenzie, Officer Commanding "D" Company. These boats would eventually ferry all three companies across the canal. Some boats sank during the crossing and heavily laden soldiers were drowned. At 17:30, "D" Company started to cross and soon the Germans responded with 88 mm and mortar fire. Casualties started to mount even before the companies reached the other side. In two hours, "C" Coy would drop in strength from 63 men to just 46. By midnight, all three companies were across and holding a narrow bridgehead on the far side.

Major Mackenzie was wounded and "D" Company was driven back to the canal by German counter-attacks. "C" Company was cut off from the "B" and "D" Companies by German infiltration. The day ended with 5 Argylls killed and 26 wounded.

Holding action
The 9 September 1944 would see The Lincoln and Welland Regiment cross the canal and take up a position on the right flank of the Argylls. The situation would remain serious throughout the day, with several German counter-attacks launched against the bridgehead. Cpl. James Alexander of "A" Company would be awarded the Military Medal for his actions that day. The citation reads in part, "Opposition was particularly fierce, with the enemy artillery and mortar fire as well as a large volume of small arms fire from well dug-in positions. Cpl. Alexander was wounded about 10:00 a.m. and after having his wounds dressed, requested and was allowed to return to his company." "An enemy counter-attack rapidly and Cpl. Alexander was wounded was wounded by a 20mm shell which struck a wall close by his head and knocked him down. Ignoring both the wound of the morning and the one he had just received Cpl Alexander rallied his section, seized a Bren gun and propping himself against a wall, stood-up fully exposed to fire and the enemy and to cover the movement of a party of his men, which had become detached from the remainder."

"C" Company was in a particularly difficult position being cut off from the other companies. In addition, their radios failed leaving them out of contact with all support. However, the company hung on and repulsed all counter-attacks. Company Sergeant Major George Mitchell deserves much credit for holding the defence together. He personally led a party that brought up much needed supplies and ammunition. After the battle, he would be awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal.

Lance Corporal Lorne A. Webb and Private Arthur Bridge held their position in an upstairs window and returned fire with their Bren gun despite German machine gun and 20 mm cannon fire directed at them, some of which passed through the window opening but missed hitting them. As ammunition ran low, the riflemen loaded their remaining rounds into Bren magazines and kept feeding them to the Bren gunners. At one point, Webb inflicted 15 to 20 casualties on the attacking Germans in the matter of a few minutes. Three heavy counter-attacks on "C" Company were driven off with extremely heavy losses visited upon the Germans. However, one Argyll platoon was overrun by sheer weight of numbers and the platoon commander killed.

Because of the incessant German shelling and mortaring of the crossing site, the engineers found it impossible to construct a Bailey bridge so supplies and ammunition had to be ferried across the canal in boats. Slowly, more artillery ammunition was finding its way forward to the Canadian guns and supporting fire increased. The SARs and New Brunswick Rangers continued to hold the flanks of the assault force.

At 14:00, "A" Company and the Scout Platoon were recalled from their diversionary task and moved to a supporting position on the friendly side of the crossing. It was feared that the bridgehead might collapse and the six Argyll and Lincoln and Welland companies in Moerbrugge might have to be evacuated.

At 15:00, Lieutenant Colonel Stewart returned to the unit. The brigade commander placed him in charge of the crossing with the Lincoln and Welland under command. He immediately set about reorganising the positions on the bridgehead.

At 19:00, the Germans blanketed both sides of the crossing with a hail storm of mortar fire as a prelude to their final counter-attack. However, their attempt was thwarted and the counter-attack was beaten back. Due to the fire, the engineers had to halt bridge construction yet again. However, by midnight, Canadian counter battery fire finally suppressed the German shelling of the bridge site. The Argylls lost 7 killed, 22 wounded and 12 captured during the day.

By the morning of the 10 September 1944, the engineers finally completed the bridge. SAR tanks moved across and established contact with the cut off "C" Company. About 150 German prisoners were sent back over the new bridge.

Aftermath
An estimated 700 Germans were killed, wounded or captured during the Moerbrugge battle. Twenty of their 20 mm FLAK (anti aircraft) cannons were captured along with six 81 mm mortars. German shelling and mortaring would continue sporadically all day but ownership of the crossing site was no longer an issue. One Argyll died and two were wounded on the 10th.

References

External links
A first-hand account of the battle, written by a member of "C" Company of the Argylls, is available here

Battles and operations of World War II
Siegfried Line campaign
Battles of World War II involving Germany
Battles of World War II involving the United States
September 1944 events

Battle of Moerbrugge