Delfina Bunge de Gálvez (født 24. december 1881 i Buenos Aires, død 30. marts 1952 i Alta Gracia), var en argentinsk forfatter, digter og filantropist.  Hun blev født i en familie af jurister og intellektuelle, hendes far var ministeren Octavio Bunge. Hun var gift med forfatteren Manuel Gálvez.

Værker
 Simplement, 1911
 El Arca de Noé: libro de lectura. Segundo grado, 1916
 Cuentos de Navidad, 1917
 La Nouvelle moisson, 1918
 Poesías, 1920
 Tierras del mar azul, 1920
 El Alma de los niños, 1921
 Las Imágenes del infinito, 1922
 El Tesoro del mundo, 1923
 Oro, incienso y mirra, 1924
 Los Malos tiempos de hoy, 1926
 Escuela: lecturas escolares para tercer grado, 1933
 Hogar, 1933
 Lectura para cuarto grado escolar, 1933
 El Reino de Dios, 1934
 Oro, incienso y mirra, 1935
 La Belleza en la vida cotidiana, 1936
 Lecturas, cuarto grado escolar, Buenos Aires, Cabaut, 1936.
 Iniciación literaria, 1937
 Nociones de religión católica: catecismo único: mi primer libro de religión, [s.l.] : [s.n.], 1938
 Viaje alrededor de mi infancia, 1938
 Dios y yo, 1940
 Catolicismo de Guerra, 1942
 Las Mujeres y la vocación, 1943
 La Vida en los sueños, 1943
 En Torno a León Bloy, 1944
 Cura de estrellas, 1949
 Viaje a rededor de mi infancia, 1956

Referencer

Forfattere fra Argentina

Delfina Bunge


Hårdgrund indgår i det grafiske arbejde med stregætsning eller radering. Der er tale om en dækkende belægning - en såkaldt ætsegrund - som påføres den plade, der skal trykkes fra. Hårdgrunden beskytter pladen for syrepåvirkning. Man ridser ned i den med en radernål, så pladen blottes nedenunder, hvorefter pladen nedsænkes i syrebad. De blottede ridser på pladen fordybes ved ætsningen, mens den øvrige plade beskyttes. Man kan ætse trinvis, og undervejs afdække dele af stregen, så den ætsede linje nogle steder er svagere/finere og andre steder kraftigere.

Der findes også blødgrund, som giver mulighed for en blødere streg samt for at arbejde med aftryk af forskellige materialer i ætsegrunden.

Typer
Traditionel hårdgrund findes i forskellige former: En fast form, som opvarmes og valses på; en flydende form, som påføres med pensel; og i form af flydende dækgrund(også kaldet dæklak); som lys hårdgrund, og som selvfremstillet materiale. Det sidste bruges kun sjældent i dag, da der findes gode præfabrikerede produkter.
Den lyse hårdgrund kan eksempelvis benyttes, hvis man vil arbejde videre med en allerede bearbejdet plade, og undervejs have mulighed for at se det tidligere arbejde gennem ætsegrunden. Lys hårdgrund kan også bruges når man ætser i et såkaldt "Hollandsk bad", hvor stregen farves sort under ætsningen.

I nyere såkaldt non-toxic printing, som er et af moderne grafiks modsvar til udfordringen med traditionel brug af giftige materialer, arbejdes med akrylbaseret hårdgrund. Her foreslås eksempelvis det flydende produkt Johnson klar polish som hældes over pladen, og skal tørre før den er klar til nålen. Der skal fortsat bruges gummihandsker. Produktet kan blandes med pigment, eller med det sortfarvede afdækker-produkt Golden Acrylic Stopout (i forholdet 1:1), hvilket giver en helt sort grund. Den akrylbaserede grund kan man sagtens lade sidde under indfarvning og trykning af pladen. I så fald får trykket en helt hvid bund, og ikke en pladetone, som hvis man fjerner ætsegrunden. Det sidste gøres med soda- eller salmiakopløsning (f.eks. 100 g sodakrystaller til 1 l vand).

Kvalitet
Hårdgrund må som materiale finde en balance mellem hård- og blødhed. I det tilfælde, hvor man selv vil blande den, skal man sigte efter en jævn og holdbar kvalitet, der kan klæbe til metallet og samtidig have en vis eftergivenhed, der gør at den ikke springer af i flager, når man ridser i den. Det er nødvendigt for, at man kan ridse frit i alle retninger, uden at risikere revner og brud i hårdgrunden. Omvendt hvis den bliver for blød eller fedtet, kan det være svært at trænge jævnt igennem ned til metallet, og materialet kan klæbe til nålen.

Påføring af hårgrund
Inden påføring af hårdgrund (uanset hvilken type) skal pladen være afrenset og fedtfri. Det lag som lægges på, skal dække pladen helt, og være forholdsvis jævnt.

Fast form
Hårdgrund i fast form købes i form af en plade, en kugle eller skive, som opvarmes hvorefter den kan valses på trykpladen med en blød læder- eller gummivalse. Pladen opvarmes til 60-65 grader (voks smelter ved 60 grader), eksempelvis ved hjælp af en elektrisk varmeplade, og der afsættes en stribe på trykpladen, som valses frem og tilbage med rolige, langsomme bevægelser og et let tryk, til den ligger i et ensartet, tyndt lag på pladen. Valsen bevæges parallelt med pladen. Man kan også bruge en læderdab til samme formål. Det er imidlertid lidt mere tidskrævende, og derfor bedst til mindre plader eller områder. Hårdgrund, som allerede er smurt ud på pladen fordeles til et mere ensartet niveau ved at duppe og rokke læderdab'en henover grunden.

Hvis pladen er blottet nogle steder, vil det give ætsede huller. Man kan gøre hårdgrunden mørkere ved at sode den over eksempelvis flammen fra en petroleumslampe. Det er kun røgen, og ikke selve flammen der skal i kontakt med grunden. Man skal undgå at holde pladen stille undervejs, da for kraftig varme vil beskadige hårdgrundsbelægningen. Er den først beskadiget, må den lægges om, hvis man vil være sikker på, at den beskytter pladen helt. Herefter lægges pladen på en varmeplade, hvor soden kan smelte ned i grunden. Hvis hårdgrunden derefter fremtræder blank og sort uden matte skjolder, er den udført som den skal. Hvis der er matte pletter, er den 'brændt på', og i så fald er den ikke længere modstandsdygtig overfor syren. Pladen er klar til radering når den igen er afkølet. Sodning hærder grunden og den mørkere farve gør det lettere at se det arbejde, man har lavet med nålen.

Flydende form
Flydende hårdgrund males på en kold plade med pensel i et jævnt, tyndt lag. Hvis man vælger at bruge afdækningsasfalt eller spritlak i stedet, kan man risikere at det springer for nålen. Det bør derfor kun bruges, når man vil have en flosset streg.

Lys hårdgrund
En lys ætsegrund af bivoks tilsat mastix eller harpiks, kan smeltes på i et tyndt lag ved 60 grader. Man kan varme pladen yderligere op, og lade voksen løbe af pladen, så der kun bliver et tyndt lag tilbage.

Redskaber
Almindeligt anvendte redskaber til arbejde med hårdgrund er foruden selve det syrebestande materiale der bruges til ætsegrunden, en trykplade af eksempelvis kobber eller zink, varmeplade eller gasbrænder, læderdab, radérnål, gummihandsker, syrebad, et arbejdssted med udsugning eller god ventilation, fjer eller pensel til fjernelse af syrebobler på pladen, og en fileklo til at holde på pladen under eventuel sodning.

Opskrifter på hårdgrund
Hårdgrund består af voks, harpiks, asfalt, beg, mastix og evt. terpentin. Herunder findes nogle opskrifter af grafiker Sofus Rindom:

Hårdgrund i fast form

4 dele asfalt

4 dele voks

1 del harpiks

1 del beg

Hårdgrund i flydende form

2 dele asfalt

1 del voks

½ del mastix

8 dele vegetabilsk terpentin

Lys hårdgrund

1½ dele hvid voks

1 del mastix

½ del asfalt

Noter

Litteratur og kilder
 Chamberlain W. (1992 (1972)). The Thames and Hudson Manual of Etching and Engraving
 Martin, J. (1993). Håndbog I Grafiske Teknikker
 Mundtlige samtaler med billedkunstner og grafiker Johanne Foss (januar 2017), Statens Værksteder for Kunst
 Upubliceret kompendium af Rindom S. (1980) Om Radereteknik

Video
I denne video fås et indtryk af, hvordan flydende hårdgrund påføres og kan se ud på pladen.

Grafik
Kunstens teknikker

Hårdgrund


Calul bălan este un roman polițist și ficțional scris de Agatha Christie și publicat pentru prima dată în Marea Britanie de către Collins Crime Club la 6 noiembrie 1961. Ediția din Marea Britanie s-a vândut la cincisprezece șilingi, iar cea americană la 3,75 dolari.

Detectivul romancier Ariadne Oliver apare în ipostaza unui personaj minor și analizează romanele supranaturale ale lui Dennis Wheatley, care erau pe atunci foarte populare. Calul Bălan este menționat în Apocalipsa 6:8, unde este călărit de către Moarte.

Personaje
 Mark Easterbrook, un istoric care cercetează Imperiul Mogul
 Inspectorul Lejeune, ofițerul de anchetă
 Ariadne Oliver, celebrul autor (bazat pe Agatha Christie)
 Jim Corrigan, chirurgul poliției
 Ginger Corrigan, o femeie tânără (care nu are legătură cu Jim)
 Domnul Venables, un om bogat, care folosește scaunul cu rotile
 Zachariah Osborne, farmacist
 Domnul Bradley, reprezentant legal al The Pale Horse
 Thyrza Grey, un practicant al Artelor Întunecate
 Sybil Stamfordis, un medium
 Bella Webb, bucătarul lui Thyrza Grey și vrăjitoare auto-declarată
 Thomasina Tuckerton, o tânără bogată
 Pamela "Poppy" Stirling, angajată a Flower Studies Ltd.
 Rev. Dane Calthrop, vicarul local
 Doamna Dane Calthrop, soția vicarului
 Rhoda Despard, vărul lui Mark Easterbrook
 Colonelul Hugh Despard, soțul lui Rhoda
 Doamna Tuckerton, mama vitregă al Thomasinei (și moștenitoare)
 Doamna Coppins, proprietarul pensiunii unde moare doamna Davis
 Eileen Brandon, fost angajat al Customers' Reactions Classified
 Hermia Redcliffe, iubita pretențioasă a lui Mark
 David Ardingley, un istoric, prieten al lui Mark
 Părintele Gorman, un preot romano-catolic

Ecranizări
 A fost prima dată ecranizat de ITV în 1996 (100 de minute, cu  Colin Buchanan ca Mark Easterbrook) și în 2010 ca un episod al Agatha Christie's Marple; cu Julia McKenzie.
 A fost adaptat într-un miniserial cu două părți și a fost transmis de BBC One ca The Pale Horse (Calul bălan) în 2020.

Note

Lucrări ale Agathei Christie
Cărți din 1961
Romane polițiste

Calul bălan


Robert E. "Bob" Donham (nacido el  en Hammond, Indiana y fallecido el  en Seattle, Washington) fue un jugador de baloncesto estadounidense que disputó cuatro temporadas en la NBA, todas ellas en los Boston Celtics. Con 1,88 metros de estatura, jugaba en la posición de base.

Trayectoria deportiva

Universidad
Jugó durante cuatro temporadas con los Buckeyes de la Universidad Estatal de Ohio, en las que promedió 9,9 puntos por partido. En 1950 fue incluido en el mejor quinteto de la Big Ten Conference.

Profesional
Fue elegido en la vigésimo quinta posición del Draft de la NBA de 1950 por Boston Celtics, llegando a la titularidad en su segunda temporada, compartiendo con Bob Cousy por puestos más alejados del aro del quinteto inicial. Ese año promedió 8,3 puntos, 5,0 rebotes y 3,5 asistencias por partido.

Jugó dos temporadas más en los Celtics, en las cuales ya lo hizo saliendo desde el banquillo, no siendo renovado al finalizar la temporada 1953-54, optando por la retirada.

Estadísticas de su carrera en la NBA

Temporada regular

Playoffs

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Baloncestistas de Indiana
Baloncestistas de la NBA
Baloncestistas de los Ohio State Buckeyes
Baloncestistas de los Boston Celtics

Bob Donham


187 (CLXXXVII) pazar günü başlayan bir yıldır.

Olaylar
 Pertinax, Afrika Prokonsülü görevine başladı.

Doğumlar
 Cao Pi, Çin imparatoru (ö. 226)

Ölümler
 Chen Shi, Çinli siyasetçi (d. 104)
 Pertinax, Bizantion piskoposu

187


Pabbay (Gaelic: ) is the name of several islands in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland:

 Pabbay, Barra Isles, to the south of Barra
 Pabbay, Harris, in the Sound of Harris, between Harris and North Uist
 Pabbay, Loch Baghasdail, in Loch Baghasdail, off South Uist

See also
 Papey
 Pabay
 Papa, Scotland

Pabbay


Un bloc neobișnuit este un film românesc din 1965 regizat de Matty Aslan.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1965 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1965

Un bloc neobișnuit


Cetatea Neamțului este un film românesc din 1965 regizat de Pavel Constantinescu.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1965 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1965

Cetatea Neamțului (film din 1965)


Le groupe E de la Coupe du monde 2022, qui se dispute au Qatar du 20 novembre au , comprend quatre équipes dont les deux premières se qualifient pour les huitièmes de finale de la compétition.
Le tirage au sort est effectué le  à Doha.
Le premier de ce groupe affronte le deuxième du Groupe F et le deuxième de ce groupe affronte le premier du Groupe F.

Équipes

Il s'agit d'un des groupes de la mort du mondial, composé de deux des trois derniers champions du monde, mais aussi du Japon et du Costa Rica, équipes dotées d'une bonne qualité de jeu dans leur confédération respective. L'Allemagne et l'Espagne restent sur une coupe du monde en Russie décevante (malgré une demi finale atteinte au dernier Euro pour la Roja), mais se sont facilement qualifiés pour le mondial après une campagne de qualification réussie (ou ils ont finis premier de leurs groupes respectifs) et font partie des favoris pour la victoire finale. Le Japon reste un outsider, mais composé de plusieurs joueurs évoluant dans des grands clubs européens, peut compter sur l'expérience acquise depuis le mondial russe où il est sorti d'une poule relevée, et ayant donné du fil à retordre à la Belgique (2-3). Les samouraïs bleus se sont directement qualifiés en finissant 2e au dernier tour de qualification derrière l'Arabie Saoudite. Enfin, le Costa Rica, peut compter sur sa place de quart de finaliste obtenue au mondial brésilien pour créer la surprise, mais doit faire office de petit poucet après avoir fini 4e en qualification derrière le Canada, le Mexique et les Etats-Unis.

Espagne

Allemagne

Costa Rica

Japon

Résumé
Lors du premier match de la poule, le Japon crée la surprise en renversant l'Allemagne (1-2). Les Allemands pensaient avoir fait le plus dur en ouvrant le score en première mi-temps sur un pénalty transformé par Gündoğan mais, incapables en seconde période de concrétiser leurs occasions et s'exposant de plus en plus aux contres incisifs des Japonais, ils ont fini par craquer en fin de match, encaissant deux buts synonymes de défaite par Ritsu Doan puis Takuma Asano. L'Espagne de son côté fait preuve d'efficacité en écrasant le Costa Rica (7-0). Lors de la seconde journée, le Costa Rica se rachète en battant le Japon (1-0) ce qui fait l'affaire des Allemands. Ces derniers parviennent ensuite à accrocher une Espagne dominatrice en égalisant en fin de match (1-1), restant ainsi en course pour la qualification.

Classement

journée

Allemagne -	Japon

Espagne - Costa Rica

journée

Japon - Costa Rica

Espagne - Allemagne

journée

Japon - Espagne

Costa Rica - Allemagne

Homme du match

Liste des buteurs
3 buts

  Álvaro Morata

2 buts

  Niclas Füllkrug
  Kai Havertz
  Ferran Torres
  Ritsu Doan

1 but

  Serge Gnabry
  İlkay Gündoğan
  Keysher Fuller
  Yeltsin Tejeda
  Juan Pablo Vargas
  Marco Asensio
  Gavi
  Dani Olmo
  Carlos Soler
  Takuma Asano
  Ao Tanaka

Liste des passeurs
2 passes décisives

  Jordi Alba

1 passe décisive

  Niclas Füllkrug
  Serge Gnabry
  Jamal Musiala
  David Raum
  Leroy Sané
  Yeltsin Tejeda
  César Azpilicueta
  Gavi
  Álvaro Morata
  Dani Olmo
  Ko Itakura
  Junya Ito
  Kaoru Mitoma

Notes et références

Voir aussi
 Coupe du monde de football 2022
 Éliminatoires de la Coupe du monde de football 2022

Coupe du monde de football 2022

Groupe E de la Coupe du monde de football 2022


Dalmaçya (, ), Hırvatistan (çoğunluk) ve Karadağ (azınlık) Adriyatik Denizi kıyısında yer alan güney bölgesine verilen isimdir.

En büyük ve merkez kenti Hırvatistan'ın 2. büyük şehri olan Split (merkezi Split şehri olan bölge nüfusu 470.000), Zadar Bölgesi (merkezi Zadar şehri olan bölge nüfusu 200.936), Šibenik-Knin Bölgesi (merkezi Şibenik şehri olan bölge nüfusu 110.000), Dubrovnik-Neretva bölgesi (merkezi  Dubrovnik şehri olan bölge nüfusu 122.870), Kotor (Karadağ) (nüfus 20.000) bölge ve kentleridir.

Ünlü Dalmaçya köpeği de Dalmaçya bölgesinden gelmektedir. Akdeniz iklimindeki bölge güneyde Adriyatik-Akdeniz, kuzeyde Adriyatik Alp dağları ile çevrilidir. Bölge Hırvatistan'ın İstria bölgesinden Karadağ'ın Kotor Körfezine kadar uzanır.

Başlıca adaları
Brač (Akdeniz'in 22. ve Hırvatistan 3. büyük adası Dalmaçya'nın 1. Büyük adası, yüzölçüm: 394,57 km2), Dugi, Ugljan, Pašman, Hvar, Korčula, Vis, Lastovo and Mljet'dir.

Irmaklar
Irmakları Zrmanja, Krka, Cetina ve Neretva dır.

Dalmaçya


An Disperis trilineata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Schltr.. An Disperis trilineata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Disperis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Disperis

Disperis trilineata


Walker King (1751 - ) est un homme d'église et homme de lettres anglais, évêque de Rochester à partir de 1809 et, avec le français Laurence, coéditeur des œuvres d'Edmund Burke.

Biographie
King est le fils du révérend James King de Clitheroe, Lancashire, et d'Anne, fille de John Walker, d'Underhill. James King est son frère aîné; son père devient plus tard doyen de Raphoe . Il fait ses études à la Sedbergh School puis s'inscrit au Brasenose College d'Oxford le 20 février 1768, à l'âge de 16 ans. King émigre au Corpus Christi College d'Oxford, obtenant un BA en 1771, une MA en 1775, un BD et un DD en 1788. Il devient Fellow de Corpus Christi.

Dans sa carrière cléricale, il est prébendier de Peterborough, 1794, chanoine de Wells, 1796, prébendier de Canterbury, 1803, et prébendier de Westminster, 1827. Il est évêque de Rochester à partir de 1809. Il meurt le 22 février 1827.

King est l'éditeur principal des derniers volumes de Burke  . L'édition qu'il a préparée avec Laurence est en huit volumes, apparaissant de 1792 à 1827 .

Famille
King épouse Sarah, fille d'Edward Dawson. Son fils Walker King est archidiacre de Rochester et père d'Edward King. L'arrière-petit-fils de Walker, le révérend Robert Stuart King, a déjà joué au football pour l'équipe nationale anglaise.

Références

Liens externes

Étudiant de Corpus Christi College (Oxford)
Évêque de Rochester
Décès en février 1827
Naissance en 1751

Walker King


ආන්තර එන්ජිමක් යනු බහුපද ශ්‍රිතයන් වගු ගත කිරීම සඳහා සැලසුම් කල ස්වයංක්‍රිය, යාන්ත්‍රික ගණකයකි. බහුපද සංගුණක කුඩා කුලකයක් භාවිතා කොට ශ්‍රිතයන් අන්කර් නිවේශනය හෝ වගු ගත කිරීම හෝ සිදු කිරීමේ ක්‍රමයක් වන භාත අන්තර ක්‍රමය අනුසාරයෙන් මෙම නම ව්‍යුත්පන්න වී ඇත. යාත්‍රිකයන් හා විද්‍යාඥයින් යන දෙකොටසම විසින් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් භාවිතා කෙරෙන ශ්‍රිතයන් වන, ලඝුගණක සහ ත්‍රිකෝණමිතික ශ්‍රිත යන දෙවර්ගයම, බහුපද අනුසාරයෙන් සන්නිකර්ෂණය කල හැකි බැවින්, ආන්තර එන්ජිමක් විසින් බොහෝ ප්‍රයෝජනවත් සංඛ්‍යා කුලක ගණනය කල හැකිය.

ගණිතඥයින් හා මිනිස් "පරිගණක" විසින් සමන්විත කණ්ඩායම් විසින් දෝෂ විරහිත වගු නිපැයීමේ ඓතිහාසික දුෂ්කරතාවය නිසා එම ක්‍රියාවලිය ස්වයංක්‍රිය කරලීමේ අභිලාෂයක් වෙත චාල්ස් බැබේජ් පෙලඹවිණි.

ආන්තර එන්ජිම


Friedrich Paschen, punim imenom Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen (Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Zapadno Pomorje, Njemačka, 22. siječnja 1865. – Potsdam, Brandenburg, Njemačka, 25. veljače 1947.), njemački fizičar. Sveučilišni profesor u Tübingenu, Bonnu i Berlinu. Osobito se bavio spektroskopijom i kvantnom teorijom zračenja. Proučavajući spektar helija (1895.), dokazao da su linije u spektru jednake onima opaženima u Sunčevu spektru (Fraunhoferove linije). Otkrio je (1908.) prve dvije linije u infracrvenom dijelu spektra vodika. Po njem je serija linija u infracrvenom dijelu spektra vodika nazvana Paschenovom serijom. Utvrdio je da se struktura multipletnih spektralnih linija u magnetskom polju pojednostavnjuje ako se polje pojačava (Paschen-Backov učinak). Konstruirao je niz mjernih uređaja, među ostalim jedan od tipova osjetljivih galvanometara.

Iskustvene činjenice o spektrima

Užarena čvrsta tijela emitiraju svjetlost s kontinuirano raspodijeljenim valnim duljinama (toplinsko zračenje). Od temperature užarenog tijela zavisi koji je dio spektra najjači (najintenzivniji), ali od mjesta maksimuma postepeno se gasi svjetlost prema manjim i većim valnim duljinama. Nasuprot tome kontinuiranom spektru čvrstih tijela opaža se kod plinova i para nešto drugo. U njihovu se spektru pojavljuju diskretne linije, koje su svojstvene za pojedine kemijske elemente. Čitav spektar se sastoji od niza oštro određenih linija.

Lako je uvidjeti da linijski spektar potječe od atoma. Takvi se spektri dobivaju pri pokusima s katodnim i kanalnim zrakama. Električno izbijanje u katodnoj cijevi niskog tlaka izaziva uvijek velik broj atoma na emisiju svjetlosti. Linijske spektre emitiraju također i plemeniti plinovi, koji se sastoje od čistih atoma, a ne molekula.

Linijske spektre možemo studirati na emisijskom ili apsorpcijskom spektru. Pusti li se bijela svjetlost kroz neke pare ili plin, opaža se u dobivenom spektru da su neke valne duljine ugušene. Tamne linije stoje točno na onim mjestima spektra gdje bi ležale emisijske linije. Plin dakle apsorbira svjetlost onih valnih duljina koje bi inače emitirao. Apsorpcijski spektar slaže se potpuno s emisijskim. Ova određenost u spektrima kemijskih elemenata jedan je od temeljnih zakona nuklearne fizike.

Iako svakom kemijskom elementu pripadaju posebne, svojstvene spektralne linije, ipak se u njihovim spektrima opažaju neka zajednička svojstva, koja omogućuju da se unese red u golem spektroskopski materijal. Spektralne linije svakog kemijskog elementa daju se srediti u nekoliko serija. Svaka pojedina serija predstavlja niz linija koje su poredane po određenom pravilu. Često se već na prvi pogled vidi da linije jedne serije pripadaju zajedno. Promatramo li linije od većih valnih duljina prema manjim, udara nam odmah u oči da se razmak između njih smanjuje. Linije se gomilaju prema određenoj valnoj duljine, koja je granica te serije.

Prvi je J. J. Balmer 1885. otkrio da se vodikov spektar može prikazati jednostavnom matematičkom jednadžbom. Njemu su tada bile poznate 4 vidljive vodikove linije s valnim duljinama:
 Hα = 656, 199 nm
 Hβ = 486, 152 nm
 Hγ = 434, 067 nm
 Hδ = 410, 194 nm

Običaj je da se vodikove linije označe početnim slovima grčkog alfabeta, koja dolaze kao indeksi kemijskom simbolu H. Recipročne vrijednosti valnih duljina tih četiriju linija daje se jednadžbom (Rydbergova formula):

gdje je: m = 3, 4, 5, 6; a R je takozvana Rydbergova konstanta. Uvrstimo li u Balmerovoj jednadžbi za m cijele brojeve veće od 7 dobivamo valne duljine koje leže u ultraljubičastom području spektra. Pokusima se doista našlo još oko 30 linija koje se potpuno slažu s Balmerovom jednadžbom. Linije se gomilaju prema valnoj duljini koja je dana izrazom:

To je granica serije. Balmerova serija je idealni tip spektralnih linija uopće. Kako se vidi na slici, razmak između susjednih linija pravilno se smanjuje, i linije se gomilaju prema određenoj granici.

Iz razloga koji će se kasnije iznijeti uvedeno je da se spektralne jednadžbe postavljaju za frekvencije, a ne za valne duljine. Pokusima se, doduše, mjere valne duljine (iz interferentnih, ogibnih ili disperzionih pojava), ali zakoni spektralne analize postaju pregledniji kad se uzimaju u obzir frekvencije. Pri tom treba misliti na sljedeće: frekvencija ν se može izračunati iz valne duljine λ prema poznatom odnosu:

No brzina svjetlosti c nije tako točno izmjerena kako su točna mjerenja valne duljine. Točnost spektralne analize je nenadmašiva. Iz tog razloga i dalje se u spektralnoj analizi svi iskustveni podaci izražavaju u valnim duljinama.

Uvodeći frekvenciju, možemo Balmerovu jednadžbu pisati u obliku:

gdje je m = 3, 4, 5…. Frekvencije spektralnih linija vodika mogu se dakle prikazati kao razlike (diferencije) između dva člana, od kojih je prvi konstantan, a drugi opada kao 1/9, 1/16, 1/25, 1/36 …. Tu se odmah nameće pitanje: Mora li se uvijek uzeti kao konstantan broj 1/4? Moguće je pomisliti, da prvi konstantni član bude bilo koji razlomak 1/n2. Godine 1908. našao je F. Paschen u infracrvenom području spektralne linije vodika kojima su se valne duljine točno slagale s izrazima:

Tu dakle imamo dva člana jedne serije, kojoj je konstantni član R/32. Taj član ujedno određuje i granicu serije. I od te takozvane Paschenove serije nađen je vrlo velik broj linija. Godine 1916. pronašao je Lyman na drugoj strani od Balmerove serije, duboko u ultraljubičastom području, nove spektralne linije, koje smo mogli prikazati istom Balmerovovom jednadžbom, samo što je za konstantni član trebalo uzeti u nazivniku cijeli broj 1. Vodikov spektar sastoji se, od ovih serija:

Lymanova serija:

gdje je: m = 2, 3, 4 ….

Balmerova serija:

gdje je: m = 3, 4, 5 ….

Paschenova serija:

gdje je: m = 4, 5, 6 ….

Brackettova serija:

gdje je: m = 5, 6, 7 ….

Pfundova serija:

gdje je: m = 6, 7, 8 ….

Od tog golemog mnoštva linija padaju u vidljivo područje spektra svega prve 4 linije Balmerove serije. Odatle se vidi kako je važno ispitivati čitav spektar da se nađu osnovni zakoni serije.

Frekvencije spektralnih linija vodika možemo općenito izraziti jednadžbom:

gdje su: n i m - cijeli brojevi.

Frekvencije vodikovih linija dobiju se, dakle, da se od niza c∙R/n2 učine sve moguće pozitivne razlike (diferencije). Tako objašnjena, Balmerova jednadžba vodi nas do općeg načela kombinacije, što ga je otkrio W. Ritz 1908. Po tom načelu dade se za svaki kemijski element postaviti niz terma T1, T2, T3, …. tako da su frekvencije njegova spektra dane razlikama (diferencijama):

Ritzovo načelo kombinacije potvrđeno je pri ispitivanju svih spektara. Ono je ključ za sređivanje različitih serija. Načelo kombinacije sadrži u sebi osnovni zakon prirode, koji se u punom smislu razotkriva tek u nuklearnoj fizici.

Izvori

Njemački fizičari

Friedrich Paschen


Archeria, rod vrjesovki smješten u vlastiti tribus Archerieae, dio potporodice Epacridoideae. Opisan je 1857. a novi tribus 1998. godine. Pripada mu 6 vrsta iz Novog Zelanda (na oba otoka) i Tasmanije.

Vrste
 Archeria combrei Melville
 Archeria eriocarpa Hook.f.
 Archeria hirtella Hook.f.
 Archeria racemosa Hook.f.
 Archeria serpyllifolia Hook.f.
 Archeria traversii Hook.f.

Izvori

Epacridoideae

Archeria


Brigada 1 Roșiori a fost o mare unitate de cavalerie, de nivel tactic, care s-a constituit la 14/27 august 1916, prin mobilizarea unităților și subunităților existente la pace. Din compunerea brigăzii făceau parte Regimentul 1 Roșiori și Regimentul 10 Roșiori. Brigada a făcut parte din organica  Diviziei 1 Cavalerie, fiind dislocată la pace în garnizoana Târgoviște.

La intrarea în război, Brigada 1 Roșiori a fost comandată de colonelul Nicolae Portocală. Brigada a participat la acțiunile militare pe frontul român, pe toată perioada războiului, între 14/27 august 1916 - 28 ocotmbrie/11 noiembrie 1918.

Participarea la operații

Campania anului 1916

În campania din anul 1916 Brigada 1 Roșiori a participat la acțiunile militare în dispozitivul de luptă al  Diviziei 1 Cavalerie, participând la operația de apărare pe frontul de sud.

Campania anului 1917

În campania din anul 1917 Brigada 1 Roșiori a participat la acțiunile militare în dispozitivul de luptă al  Diviziei 1 Cavalerie, participând la a treia bătălie de la Oituz.

Comandanți
 Colonel  Nicolae Portocală

Note

Bibliografie
 Dabija, Gheorghe (general), Armata română în răsboiul mondial (1916-1918), vol.I-IV, Tipografia "Lupta" N. Stroilă, București, 1932-1936
 Kirițescu, Constantin, Istoria războiului pentru întregirea României, Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1989
 Ioanițiu Alexandru (Lt.-Colonel), Războiul României: 1916-1918,vol 1, Tipografia Geniului, București, 1929
  ***, România în războiul mondial 1916-1919, vol I-IV, Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului, București, 1934-1941
 ***, Istoria militară a poporului român, vol. V, Editura Militară, București, 1989

Vezi și
Participarea României la Primul Război Mondial
Ordinea de bătaie a Armatei României (1916)
Ordinea de bătaie a Armatei României (1917)

Unități militare române din Primul Război Mondial

Brigada 1 Roșiori (1916-1918)


An Epidendrum arbuscula in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni John Lindley. An Epidendrum arbuscula in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epidendrum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epidendrum

Epidendrum arbuscula


31. Šahovska olimpijada održana je 1994. u Rusiji. Grad domaćin bila je Moskva.

Poredak osvajača odličja

1994.
Međunarodna šahovska natjecanja u Rusiji

Šahovska olimpijada 1994.


Almirante Charles William de la Poer Beresford, 1º Barão Beresford (10 de fevereiro de 1846 - 6 de setembro de 1919), denominado Lord Charles Beresford entre 1859 e 1916, foi um almirante britânico e membro do Parlamento.

Beresford foi cativado pela visão da Frota do Canal aos doze anos,  e ingressou na Marinha Real em 1859 aos 13 anos, após a educação preparatória na Stubbington House School. Ele começou seu treinamento como cadete na academia de treinamento naval HMS Britannia, concluindo com sucesso seu exame de passagem em março de 1861.

Ver também

Militares da Inglaterra

Charles Beresford


241527 Edwardwright este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
241527 Edwardwright este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  în Statele Unite, în cadrul programului WISE. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,72 ua, o excentricitate de 0,20 și o înclinație de 7,2° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 241001-242000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2010
Centura de asteroizi

241527 Edwardwright


Um míssil balístico lançado a ar ou MBLA é um míssil balístico lançado de uma aeronave. Um MBLA permite que a aeronave de lançamento fique a longas distâncias de seu

alvo, mantendo-a bem fora do alcance de armas defensivas como mísseis antiaéreos e aeronaves interceptadoras. Uma vez lançado, o míssil é essencialmente imune à interceptação. Esta combinação de características permitiu que um bombardeiro estratégico apresentasse uma opção de dissuasão crível em uma era ao melhorar as defesas antiaéreas parecia tornar os bombardeiros convencionais obsoletos.

Atualidade

Kh-47M2 Kinzhal
Em 2018, a Rússia revelou um míssil balístico lançado a ar chamado Kh-47M2 Kinzhal com um alcance de 2.000 km (1.200 mi). Suspeita-se que seja uma versão do míssil Iskander  Mísseis aerobalísticos soviéticos anteriores têm um alcance muito menor, por exemplo, Kh-15 só tem um alcance de 300 km (190 mi).

DF-21 e DF-17
Em março de 2018, o chefe da Agência de Inteligência de Defesa, Robert Ashley, confirmou que a China está desenvolvendo dois novos mísseis balísticos lançados a ar, um dos quais pode transportar uma ogiva nuclear. O bombardeiro H-6K seria adequado para lançar tais mísseis. Um desses mísseis é um derivado do DF-21 chamado CH-AS-X-13 e tem um alcance de 3.000 km.

Em outubro de 2020, um bombardeiro H-6 foi visto na Base Aérea de Neixiang pousando com o que parecia ser um míssil balístico lançado a ar semelhante ao DF-17.

Míssil balístico lançado do ar


Joan Marie Ryan (born 8 September 1955) is a British politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Enfield North from 1997 to 2010 and from 2015 to 2019. She was first elected as a Labour Party MP but later defected to join Change UK.

Ryan studied sociology and worked as a teacher, before becoming a Labour councillor on Barnet London Borough Council in 1990, serving as deputy leader of the council from 1994 to 1998. She was a government whip under Tony Blair from 2002 to 2006, a junior Home Office minister responsible for ID cards from 2006 to 2007, and the Prime Minister's Special Representative to Cyprus from 2007 to 2008, when she was sacked. She lost her seat in the 2010 general election after an expenses scandal and was deputy campaign director of NOtoAV in the 2011 Alternative Vote referendum.

Ryan was re-elected in Enfield North in the 2015 general election and became chair of the Labour Friends of Israel (LFI). She was highly critical of party leader Jeremy Corbyn and lost a motion of no confidence put forward by her constituency party in 2018. She left Labour to join The Independent Group, later Change UK, in February 2019. In September, she announced she would stand down at the next general election and was subsequently succeeded by Labour's Feryal Clark.

Early life and education
Ryan was born in Warrington, Lancashire. She attended local schools before studying history and sociology at the City of Liverpool College of Higher Education. She graduated in 1979 and went on to study for a master's degree in sociology at Polytechnic of the South Bank, graduating in 1981. She taught sociology and politics in Hammersmith at William Morris Academy and also worked as an interviewer for the Imperial War Museum in the 1980s.

Political career

Barnet council, 1990–1998
Ryan was elected as a councillor for the East Finchley ward on Barnet London Borough Council, representing the Labour Party, in 1990. She became chair of the policy and resources committee in 1994, before becoming deputy leader of the council later that year. She served on the council and as deputy leader until 1998.

Blair and Brown governments, 1997–2010
Ryan was elected as the Labour Member of Parliament for Enfield North in the 1997 general election. In her first years as an MP, she was known as an advocate for Greek Cypriots in her constituency and in the Commons, and also as an opponent of Ken Livingstone during the creation of the Greater London Authority (GLA). She sat on the board of the London Labour Party and defended a vetting panel for mayoral candidates that was accused of bias. In response to Livingtone's campaign to get on the ballot, Ryan said "It is not acceptable. I think the public are fed up with it. He should wait his turn."

Ryan was appointed as parliamentary private secretary to Andrew Smith in 1998, and as an assistant whip in 2002. A parliamentary question from Ryan in January 2000, on the topic of businesses breaking the UN sanctions on Angola, led Foreign Office minister Peter Hain to name three businessmen who he claimed had been breaking the sanctions. In January 2001, Ryan voted in favour of a ban on hunting. She was appointed as a junior minister at the Home Office in Tony Blair's May 2006 reshuffle. In July, a report authored by Ryan was leaked to The Mail on Sunday; it said that a surge in immigration from eastern Europe in 2007 could put pressure on Britain's education, health, and welfare services, and could also lead to "potentially serious" consequences for community cohesion.

From 2006 until 2007, Ryan was the minister responsible for the then government's controversial ID card scheme.

In April 2007, she launched a campaign to promote the achievements and financial struggles of 'supplementary schools', based on the concerns of Enfield Turkish School in her constituency, and she sent a dossier to Andrew Adonis to that effect. In June 2007, she became vice-chair of the Labour Party. She was also removed as a Home Office minister and appointed as the Prime Minister's Special Representative to Cyprus.

In July 2007, she was sworn as a Member of Her Majesty's Privy Council, entitling her to the prefix 'The Right Honourable' for life.

In September 2008, she was revealed by Siobhain McDonagh to have requested leadership nomination papers ahead of the party's annual conference. Ryan said that it was time for the party's "direction and leadership" to be debated openly. Gordon Brown subsequently sacked her from her Cyprus and Labour Party roles.

In 2009, Ryan led delegations of MPs on two international trips, one to Canberra and Melbourne in Australia, and the other to Cameroon. A man was acquitted of harassing Ryan in March 2010 on the grounds of insanity. Ryan, who lived on the same street as the man, had stayed away from her house with her family since January, following two incidents that had left her "terrified".

Expenses controversies
In October 2007, the Evening Standard reported that Ryan had claimed £173,691 in expenses in the 2006/2007 tax year, the highest of any MP in London. She had been the second-highest claimant in the previous tax year. In May 2007, Ryan had voted in favour of David Maclean's Freedom of Information (Amendment) Bill, which would have kept details of parliamentary expenses secret.

During the parliamentary expenses scandal, The Daily Telegraph revealed in May 2009 that Ryan had spent £4,500 of expenses on a second home in Enfield before "flipping" it with her main home, a flat in south London. Between 2004 and 2008, she had designated her house in Enfield, which was in her constituency, as a second home. She designated her main home during that period as a south London flat she bought in 2004. She had spent £1,045 on repairs and refurbishment to the second home in 2007/2008, and £3,624 on it during 2008/2009. The work was covered by the Additional Costs Allowance (ACA).

In response to the report, Ryan said that she had not made any claims for refurbishment on her south London flat and therefore had not "flipped" the properties to maximise the benefit of the allowances. She told the Telegraph that when she was in government, the rules required her to designate her flat as her main home because it was closest to Parliament. After leaving government, she decided to change it to the Enfield house as she had "returned to spending more time" there. In Thomas Legg's February 2010 audit report of expenses claims, Ryan was asked to repay £5,121.74 for mortgage interest claims. By the time of publication of the report, she had only paid £322.45.

Wikipedia edits
The Independent reported in March 2012 that "at least 10 attempts" were made from computers on the Parliamentary estate to remove information about Ryan's expenses from her Wikipedia article. A further 20 attempts were made from inside her former constituency of Enfield North. In his "2010 Editing Wikipedia From Inside Parliament Awards", entertainer Tom Scott gave the anonymous editor of Ryan's page the "Sweeping Things Under The Carpet Award". In November 2014, the Enfield Independent reported that a section titled "Involvement in the expenses scandal" had been removed from her page. In response, Ryan said that allegations she had altered the entry were "categorically untrue" and that this was a "politically-motivated smear campaign against me [Ryan]." The Daily Telegraph reported that the entire section about expenses on Ryan's page was deleted by computers inside Parliament in run-up to the 2015 general election. Ryan, though a parliamentary candidate, was not an MP at the time.

Out of Parliament, NOtoAV 2010–2015
Ryan was defeated by Conservative candidate Nick de Bois by 1,692 votes in the 2010 general election. After losing her seat, she was appointed Chief Executive of the Global Tamil Forum, and later became deputy director of the successful NOtoAV campaign.

In March 2013, Ryan announced she was to seek re-selection by Labour to contest the Enfield North constituency at the 2015 general election. After her reselection, several constituents wrote to her local paper, the Enfield Advertiser, suggesting that voters had not yet forgotten the revelations about her expenses in 2009. She regained her seat in the House of Commons with a majority of 1,086 votes.

Reelected Labour MP 2015–2019

Labour Friends of Israel
In August 2015, Ryan became Chair of the Labour Friends of Israel (LFI).

While chair of LFI, Ryan was filmed as part of the Al Jazeera documentary The Lobby, which investigated the alleged influence of the Israeli lobby in British politics. The documentary was cited by her constituency Labour Party (CLP) in their vote of no confidence against Ryan. Based on video footage from The Lobby, the CLP said Ryan had made false allegations of antisemitism against the party.

The Lobby  also revealed a heated exchange between Ryan and a Labour Party member regarding the wealth and prestige of the LFI, where Ryan alleged that the member used an antisemitic trope. The Jewish Chronicle reported that Ryan was later filmed claiming that the member "suggested joining LFI could result in a job at a bank", but the recording did not substantiate the claims. Ryan made a complaint to the Labour Party about the member, they were subsequently cleared.

Ryan retained the position of chair of LFI when she resigned from the Labour Party in February 2019. In August 2019, she relinquished the role to Louise Ellman and became honorary president.

She is also a Vice-President of the All-Party Britain-Israel Parliamentary Group.

'Independent-minded' election campaign
During the 2017 general election campaign, Ryan urged constituents in her election literature to vote for her because she was "independent-minded" in the context of the perceived unpopularity of Corbyn. She wrote in her election letter that constituents she had spoken to had more faith in Theresa May as PM, than in Corbyn as May's potential successor. Ryan, arguing in line with most opinion polls, said she expected May's government to return with a much larger number of MPs, but that she was well placed to combat such a Conservative majority. It was the fifth time Ryan and Nick de Bois had stood against each other.

No-confidence vote
On 6 September 2018, her Constituency Labour Party passed a motion of no confidence in her. It accused her of acting like an "independent MP in all but name", of making false accusations of antisemitism, and of fuelling a "trial by media" by smearing Jeremy Corbyn. Ryan said the motion had passed because of "Trots, Stalinists and communists", who she said had entered the Enfield North Labour Party, and said "Just to be clear I will not be resigning. I am Labour through and through and I will continue to stand up and fight for Labour values."

The Independent Group
Ryan left the Labour Party on 19 February 2019 to join the Independent Group of former Labour MPs, accusing Corbyn and the "Stalinist clique which surrounds him" of failing to provide effective opposition and of "presiding over a culture of antisemitism and hatred of Israel". Ryan said she had faced a "torrent of abuse" when leaving Labour but maintained that "those threats only strengthen my resolve."

In February 2019, the Labour Party reported Ryan to the Information Commissioner's Office, accusing Ryan of accessing party systems to contact members after resigning from the party. Ryan told The Guardian: "Neither I nor my office have accessed or used any Labour Party data since I resigned the Labour whip and my membership of the Labour Party."

In September 2019, Ryan announced that she would not stand at the next general election. On 5 December, Ryan publicly announced that she would not be voting for Labour at the following week's general election, citing entryism as causing changes which meant she could no longer support the Labour Party. She also indicated that while she was not telling people how to vote there was "a huge risk if we vote for Jeremy Corbyn". She also called on Labour MPs to remove Corbyn as leader after the election.

Personal life
, Ryan lived in Enfield with her husband, Martin Hegarty, and had two children and two grandchildren.

References

External links

|-

1955 births
Living people
Alumni of London South Bank University
Councillors in the London Borough of Barnet
Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Labour Friends of Israel
People from Warrington
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2015–2017
UK MPs 2017–2019
20th-century British women politicians
21st-century British women politicians
Change UK MPs
20th-century English women
21st-century English women
Women councillors in England
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom

Joan Ryan (politician)


La Fiat Talento de 1.ª serie era una versión del Fiat Ducato reservada al mercado italiano de 1989 a 1994, cuya distancia entre ejes era más reducida.

Al igual que otros modelos de la división comercial de Fiat, el nombre de esta camioneta hace alusión a la antigua moneda de origen babilónico mencionada en relatos bíblicos, de amplia difusión en la zona del Mar Mediterráneo y equivalente a un pie cúbico de agua, necesarios para rellenar un ánfora.

Primera generación (1989-1994)
A diferencia de su hermana mayor, la Fiat Ducato, sólo estaba disponible en una versión con techo normal y una puerta lateral de tamaño estándar.

En 1994 cesa su fabricación cuando la Ducato se renueva. La Fiat Scudo, que salió el año siguiente, se ubicaba por debajo de la Ducato y se considera como el sustituto directo del Talento.

Segunda generación (2016-2020)
A partir de junio de 2016, Fiat comercializa la nueva generación de la Talento (que sustituye a la Scudo), con un remarcado de los Renault Trafic, Nissan Primastar y Opel Vivaro. Es el primer vehículo salido de la cooperación con la marca del rombo, como consecuencia del final de la colaboración con el Groupe PSA en este segmento.

Referencias

Talento
Modelos de furgonetas

Fiat Talento


Giuseppe Piazzi, (d. 7 Temmuz 1746, Ponte in Valtellina, Avusturya-Macaristan İmparatorluğu - ö. 22 Temmuz 1826, Napoli, Napoli Krallığı), İtalyan rahip, matematikçi ve astronom. Palermo'da bir gözlemevi kurdu ve Ceres'i keşfetti.

Ceres'i bulmasıyla astronomi dünyasında önem kazanmıştır.

Kaynakça

1746 doğumlular
Lombardiya doğumlular
1826 yılında ölenler
İtalyan matematikçiler
İtalyan astronomlar
St Petersburg Bilimler Akademisi'nin şeref üyeleri

Ceres
İtalyan papazlar
Roma Katolik bilim adamlar
Lalande Ödülü sahipleri

Giuseppe Piazzi


Stephan Borrmann (* 18. Januar 1959 in Mainz) ist ein deutscher Meteorologe.  Seit 2000 arbeitet er als Professor am Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz. Darüber hinaus ist er seit 2001 als Direktor und Wissenschaftliches Mitglied am Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (MPIC) in Mainz tätig.

Biographie
Von 1977 bis 1984 studierte er an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz die Fächer Physik und Biologie.
Nach seinem Studium verbrachte er zwei Jahre als Adjunct Research Instructor an der Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey/CA/USA. Nach Mainz zurückgekehrt schloss er seine Promotion 1991 im Fach Physik mit Schwerpunkt Experimentelle Meteorologie ab. Im Anschluss arbeitete er für zwei Jahre bis 1993 als Postdoctoral Fellow des Advanced Study Program der University Corporation of Atmospheric Research (UCAR) am National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder/CO/USA. Während Stephan Borrmann von 1998 bis 2000 Leiter der Forschungsgruppe für Aerosole des Instituts für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphäre am Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH war, schloss er 1999 seine Habilitation auf dem Gebiet der Meteorologie ab.

2001 wurde Stephan Borrmann Direktor und wissenschaftliches Mitglied des Max-Planck-Instituts für Chemie (MPIC) in Mainz unter vorher im Oktober 2000 erfolgter Berufung zum Professor für "Experimentelle und Beobachtende Meteorologie" im Fachbereich Physik der Mainzer Johannes Gutenberg-Universität. Seitdem leitet er die mit seinem Einstieg ins MPIC neu gegründete und gemeinsam mit der Mainzer Universität etablierte Abteilung für Wolkenphysik und -chemie, die im Jahr 2005 in Abteilung für Partikelchemie umbenannt wurde.

2012 erhielt Borrmann einen mit 2,75 Millionen Euro dotierten ERC Advanced Grant des European Research Council (ERC).

Forschung

Die Forschungsaktivitäten der Abteilung Partikelchemie des Max-Planck-Instituts für Chemie dienen der Untersuchung physikalischer und chemischer Vorgänge in Wolken und Aerosolen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt sind hierbei die Eiswolken in der Grenzregion zwischen Troposphäre und Stratosphäre, sowie die Polaren Stratosphärenwolken, die am Ozonabbau wesentlich beteiligt sind. Zur Anwendung kommen Flugzeug getragene Messtechniken, bei denen einzelne Aerosol- oder Wolkenteilchen thermisch oder mit einem intensiven Laserblitz verdampft werden, um die entstehende Ionenwolke massenspektrometrisch hinsichtlich ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung zu analysieren. Diese und eine Vielfalt anderer Methoden werden zudem bodengebunden auf Schiffen, Bergstationen und in einem mobilen Labor eingesetzt, um die Chemie der Partikel von Emissionen einzelner Quellen (wie etwa Schiffen, Stahlwerken, Abfallverbrennung, Industrieanlagen) sowie in urbaner Luftverschmutzung und Smog zu charakterisieren. Auch werden mit Hilfe von NanoSIMS-Technologie einzelne Partikel des Meteoritenstaubs und Kometenmaterial chemisch analysiert, um Aufschluss über die Vorgänge bei der Entstehung des Sonnensystems zu erhalten. Im weltweit einmaligen Vertikalwindkanallabor werden physikalische und chemische Untersuchungen an Wolken- und Regentropfen, Eisteilchen, Schneeflocken, Graupel und Hagel durchgeführt. Diese dienen dem grundsätzlichen Verständnis von Wolkenprozessen (z. B. des Bereifens und der Hagelbildung) und dessen Implementierung in Modelle für Niederschlagsprognose, Wettervorhersage und Klima.

Literatur
 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft: Handbuch der Wissenschaftlichen Mitglieder, München 2006

Weblinks
 https://www.mpic.de/3784114/borrmann-profile
 https://www.mpg.de/443699/chemie_wissM1
 https://www.ipa.uni-mainz.de/professoren/

Einzelnachweise

Meteorologe
Wissenschaftliches Mitglied der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Deutscher
Geboren 1959
Mann
Hochschullehrer (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)

Stephan Borrmann


ඇමරිකානු කාව්‍යය

	19 වන ශතවර්ෂයේ ඇමරිකානු විශ්ෂ්ඨ කලාකරැවන් දෙදෙනාගේ චින්ත ස්වභාවය සහ ශෛලය බොහෝ සේ වෙනස් විය. වොල්ට් පිට්මන් (1819- 1892) ක්‍රියාකාරී සංචාරකයෙක් මෙන්ම ඇමරිකානු සිවිල් යුද්ධයේදී තමන් විසින්ම පත් කර ගන්නා ලද හෙදියෙක් විය, සාහිත්‍යාත්මක නවෝදපාදකයෙක් විය. ඔහුගේ මධ්‍යසාර බෝතලය රචනා වුයේ 'ලී වස් ඔෆ් ග්‍රාස්' වු අතර ඔහු නිදහසේ ගලා යමින් හා දිග අපිලිවෙල වු රේඛා වචනයෙන් විස්තර දැක්වීමට ඇමරිකානු ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයට ඇතුලත් කිරීමට යොදා ගත්තේය. තවදුරටත් ප්‍රධාන පියවරක් ගනිමින්, කාව්‍යකරැවන් ඇමරිකානුවන්ගේ විශාල වශයෙන් පැතිරැණ පළපුරැද්ද සමකරනු ලැබුයේ ගර්වයෙන් නොපිරැණු ලෙසය. උදාහරණ ලෙස 'සොන්ග් ඔෆ් මයිසෙල්ෆ්' හි ඇතුලත දිගු මධයම කාව්‍යයන්, 'ඉන් ලිවුස් ඔෆ් ග්‍රාස්' 'වයිට්මන්' ලියු මේවා සත්‍ය වශයෙන්ම සෑම සයසකම මිනිසුන්ගේ අදහස් වන අතර, මේවා මගේ නොවේ''

	කාව්‍ය සංවිධානයේ වු වයිට්මන් විසින රචිත ද බොඩි ඉලෙක්ට්‍රික් ඔහු පැවසු ආකාරයට, සම්භාව්‍ය සාහිත්‍යයේ ඉගැන්වීම අනුව ඉංග්‍රිසි නවකතාකරැ ඩී.එච්. ලොරන්ස්, වයිට්මන් පිළිබදව ලියා ඇත්තේ මිනිසාගේ ආත්මය මාංශයට වඩා උත්තරීතරය යන පැරණි සංකල්පිත සදාචාරය පළමුව විනාශ කරන ලද්දේ මොහුය.

	අනෙක් පසින් 'එමලි ඩික්සන්' (1830-1886) ඇම්හර්ට් මැසවුසෝස්' නම් කුඩා ගම්මානයේ ආචාරයශිලි අවිවාහක තාන්තාවකගේ ජීවිතයක් ගත කලේය. ඇයගේ අකෘතික සැලැස්ම තුල විචකෂණශිලි කවට, විශ්ෂ්ඨ නිර්මාණ සහ මානසික තික්ෂණය අන්තර්ගත විය. ඒ කාලය තුල ඇයගේ ක්‍රියාවන් අසම්මත වු අතර ඉතා සිමිත ප්‍රමාණයක් ප්‍රකාශිත විය.

	ඇයගේ කාව්‍යයන් රැසක් 'ඩිවෙල්' සහ 'ඩෙත්' වුයේ බොහෝ විට මැර ඇරඹුමක් සහිතවය. මට මරණය නැවැත්වීමට නොහැකි නිසා, ආරම්භයේ ඔහු කාලගුණික වශයෙන් මා නතර කළේය. ඩිකින්සන් ගේ කාව්‍යයක් ඇය පිරමින් බලපවත්නා සමාජයක කාන්තාවන්ගේ තත්ත්වය පිළිබදව මෙසේ කිවේය. මම කිසිවෙක් නොවේ ! ඔබ කවුද? ඹබත් කිසිවකු නොවේද?

ඇමරිකාව

ඇමරිකානු කාව්‍යය


Aidamir Mugu (Aidamir Jizírovich Muguyev, 17 de abril de 1990, ) es un cantante ruso de origen circasiano.

Nacido en Maikop, capital de la República de Adigueya, el 17 de abril de 1990, Mugu adquirió fama en 2005 con la canción, en colaboración con el acordeonista Aslán Tlebzu, Chornye Glazá (Чёрные глаза́, "Ojos negros"), que se convirtió inmediatamente en un éxito en Rusia.

Su carrera prosiguió cantando en ruso y en adigués, como en el caso de Bzhyjapa maz ("Primer mes de otoño", en adigués: Бжыхьэпэ маз) o Si dejechai ("Mi bella", en adigués: Си дэхэкIэй).

Discografía

 Чёрные глаза́ (2005)
 Долалай
 Не ревнуй
 Чёрные глаза́ 2 (2011)
 Любимая моя (2012)
 Дежавю (2016)

Enlaces externos y referencias

Artículo (en ruso)
Artículo  (en inglés)

Cantantes masculinos de Rusia
Cantantes infantiles de Rusia
Nacidos en Maikop

Aidamir Mugu


Antonio Benavides y Fernández de Navarrete (Baeza, 20 de junio de 1807-Villacarrillo, 23 de enero de 1884) fue un jurista, historiador y político español.

Biografía
Entre otros honores fue director de la Real Academia de la Historia, miembro de la Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas, caballero de la Orden de Santiago, caballero gran cruz de la Orden de Carlos III y caballero gran cruz de la Orden de Isabel la Católica.

Carrera política
Adscrito políticamente al Partido Conservador ocupó una cátedra en la Universidad de Granada y tras ser fiscal en la Real Audiencia de Puerto Rico desempeñó —bajo el reinado de Isabel II— el cargo de ministro de la Gobernación en 1847, 1853 y 1864, año en el que también desempeñaría la cartera de Estado. Senador vitalicio en 1867 y 1868, al final del reinado de Isabel II, con la Restauración en 1876 lo fue por la provincia de Jaén.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Cadenas y Vicent, Vicente de: Caballeros de la Orden de Santiago que efectuaron sus pruebas de ingreso durante el s. XIX. Madrid, Hidalguía, 1992.
 Senado de España: Ficha personal de D. Antonio de Benavide y Fernández de Navarrete.
Real Academia de la Historia.
Estudios de Historia Moderna y Contemporánea de México

Casa de Benavides
Políticos de la provincia de Jaén
Ministros de Interior de España
Ministros del reinado de Isabel II
Senadores de España del reinado de Isabel II
Senadores de España de la Restauración
Académicos numerarios de la Real Academia de la Historia
Académicos numerarios de la Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas
Caballeros de la Orden de Santiago
Caballeros grandes cruces de la Orden de Carlos III
Caballeros grandes cruces de la Orden de Isabel la Católica
Catedráticos de la Universidad de Granada
Políticos del Partido Liberal-Conservador de España
Académicos de la Real Academia Española
Nacidos en Baeza
Fallecidos en Villacarrillo
Ministros de Asuntos Exteriores de España

Antonio Benavides Fernández de Navarrete


Daniela Kovářová, née le  à Ostrava, est une avocate, écrivaine et femme politique tchèque.

Biographie

Situation personnelle

Parcours politique

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Gouvernement Fischer

Naissance en novembre 1964
Naissance à Ostrava
Ministre tchèque de la Justice
Personnalité politique tchèque
Ministre tchèque
Naissance en Tchécoslovaquie

Daniela Kovářová


La Première Nation Shoal Lake numéro 40 (anglais: Shoal Lake 40 First Nation) est une nation ojiboué (saulteaux) située à travers deux provinces, au Manitoba dans la région de Eastman et en Ontario dans le district de Kenora. Sa population totale en août 2021 était 667 personnes, dont 372 vivaient hors-réserve. La Première Nation est membre du Conseil Tribal Bimose (Bimose veut dire « marcher » en anishinaabémowin), un conseil régional de chefs des communautés autochtones qui fait partie du Grand Conseil du traité numéro 3.

La nation - située sur une île artificielle - est accessible par une barge qui part d'un port dans la Première Nation Iskatewizaagegan numéro 39 à Kejick, en Ontario. En hiver Shoal Lake 40 est accessible par plusieurs routes de glace. Après des années de nombreuses négociations, trois gouvernements différents ont accepté de partager les coûts de construction pour une nouvelle route, accessible en toute saison. De plus, cette route sera un lien entre Shoal Lake 40 et la route transcanadienne.

La Première Nation possède une infrastructure de base et quelques magasins et elle offre une éducation primaire locale jusqu'en huitième année (équivalent à la quatrième dans le système éducatif en France).

Histoire

L'eau potable et Indian Bay
En 1915, la municipalité de Winnipeg a annexé 33 000 acres (134 kilomètres carrés) de ce qui deviendrait Shoal Lake 40 afin d'extraire de l'eau fraiche et de construire de l'infrastructure pour la transporter vers la ville, y compris un aqueduc. Le projet de construction a causé l'excavation de sépultures sacrées et l'exhumation de restes humains autochtones.

En 1980, les deux bandes des Premières Nations de cette région - bande numéro 39 et bande numéro 40 - prévoyaient de construire 350 chalets sur Indian Bay, qui fait partie du lac Shoal. La municipalité de Winnipeg était opposée à ce projet et s'est inquiétée concernant l'intégrité de la qualité de l'eau de Indian Bay, sa source d'approvisionnement. Ce conflit a été résolu en 1989 lorsque le Greater Winnipeg Water District a établi un fonds de placement de 6 millions CAD (équivalent à 11,4 millions en 2022) pour Shoal Lake 40. Les intérêts du fonds seraient utilisés pour financer des projets de développement pour la communauté. Un accord tripartite a été finalisé en 1990 entre le Greater Winnipeg Water District (3 millions $), le gouvernement fédéral canadien (3 millions $) et Shoal Lake numéro 40. À ce point, Shoal Lake 40 a commencé à importer de l'eau par barge, ou par camion en hiver. Cette situation a créé des coûts substantiels pour la Première Nation. Malgré le fait que l'eau dans la communauté était non potable, un avis formel de ne pas la boire n'a été annoncé qu'en 1997.

En 2011, lorsqu'il est devenu clair qu'une nouvelle usine de traitement de l'eau coûterait plus cher que prévu, le gouvernement fédéral a refusé de contribuer la différence monétaire. Comme résultat le plan a été abandonné, alors Shoal Lake 40 a proposé la construction d'une route accessible en toute saison pour garantir l'accès à la réserve pendant toute l'année.

Les développements récents
La Première Nation Shoal Lake 40 et la communauté voisine de Reynolds (une municipalité manitobaine) ont tenté d'encourager le gouvernement provincial du Manitoba et le gouvernement fédéral canadien à financer la construction d'une route accessible en toute saison rattachée à la transcanadienne. Dans le passé, la communauté avait acheté des articles essentiels via le terminus du chemin de fer géré par le Greater Winnipeg Water District, appelé Waugh Station.

En 2015, ils ont reçu un financement du gouvernement pour payer pour une étude de planification, mais pas pour le chemin lui-même. Aussi en 2015, après que la barge qui desservait la communauté a échoué une inspection, les dirigeants de la Première Nation ont déclaré un état d'urgence. Ensuite, le financement a été approuvé et la construction de la nouvelle route a commencé au printemps 2017. La route a été complétée en juin 2019, permettant aux services d'urgence d'entrer facilement, les déchets d'être transportés dehors de la communauté et les résidents d'accéder aux services de santé à l'extérieur de l'île. La route croise la transcanadienne à un point 3,7 km vers l'ouest de la route 301 à Falcon Beach, Manitoba.

Le 15 septembre 2021, une usine de traitement de l'eau a été ouverte, donnant l'accès à de l'eau potable pour les résidents de la Première Nation. Le coût était de 33 millions $, un prix très réduit grâce à la construction du nouveau chemin connu localement comme « Freedom Road ».

Les réserves
Cette Première Nation a trois réserves :

 Shoal Lake 40 - 25,79 kilomètres carrés. La réserve principale, y compris la communauté d'Indian Bay, Manitoba.
 Shoal Lake 34B2  - 1,724 kilomètres carrés.
 Agency 30 - 3,79 kilomètres carrés, partagée avec douze autres Premières Nations.

Gouvernance
La Première Nation Shoal Lake numéro 40 élit son conseil basé sur les lois du système électoral des Premières Nations comme stipulé dans la Loi sur les Indiens. Les membres du conseil ont des mandats de deux ans.

Chef et conseil

 À partir de 2018 -
 Chef: Erwin Redsky
 Conseillers: Brenda Freel, Wayne Redsky, Vernon Redsky (conseiller à l'éducation), Billy Joe Wahpay (conseiller au développement économique)
 2014-2018 -
 Chef: Erwin Redsky
 Conseillers: Brenda Freel, Herbert Green, Vernon Redsky, Billy Joe Wahpay
 2012-2014 -
 Chef: Erwin Redsky
 Conseillers: Herbert Green, Vernon Redsky, Tania Bruyere, Preston Green.
 2010-2012 -
 Chef: Erwin Redsky
 Conseillers: Tom Anderson, Marcella Meekis, Vernon Redsky, Billy Joe Wahpay.

Exposition médiatique
La communauté a été montrée dans un film créé par Vice et Occupied VR qui documente la visite historique du premier ministre Justin Trudeau à Shoal Lake 40. Le documentaire a été en nomination pour un prix Écrans canadiens.

Notes et références

Liens externes

 Site officiel
 Profil sur AADNC
 Chefs de l'Ontario
 Carte de Shoal Lake 40 (Côté manitobain) sur Statcan
 Carte de Shoal Lake 40 (Côté ontarien) sur Statcan
 Carte de Shoal Lake 34B2 (Ontario) sur Statcan
Coordonnées:

Autochtone du Canada

Première Nation Shoal Lake n° 40


Un rāmen est une recette de cuisine traditionnelle de la cuisine japonaise.
David Ramen est un chanteur mauricien de zouk et de séga.
Le  est un lac suédois.

Ramen (homonymie)


Valeille peut faire référence à :
 Valeille, commune française du département de la Loire ;
 Valeille, une vallée latérale du val de Cogne, en Vallée d'Aoste.

Valeille


Free writing is traditionally regarded as a prewriting technique practiced in academic environments, in which a person writes continuously for a set period of time with limited concern for rhetoric, conventions, and mechanics, sometimes working from a specific prompt provided by a teacher. While free writing often produces raw, or even unusable material, it can help writers overcome writing blocks and build confidence by allowing them to practice text-production phases of the writing process without the fear of censure. Some writers even use the technique to collect initial thoughts and ideas on a topic, often as a preliminary to formal writing.

Unlike brainstorming, where ideas are listed or organized, a free-written paragraph is comparatively formless or unstructured.

History
Dorothea Brande was an early proponent of freewriting. In her book Becoming a Writer (1934), she advises readers to sit and write for 15 minutes every morning, as fast as they can. She argues that doing so for just 15 minutes helps writers to avoid having the feeling of commitment. Instead of believing that writing can become dull, writers can compromise for as little as 15 minutes to liberate ideas and put them on paper. She also argued that this practice would help authors to not fear blank pages when they start to write.

Peter Elbow advanced freewriting in his book Writing Without Teachers (1973). He pointed out the importance of writing as a liberating activity. Mentioning that when "freewriting" the author can break any restrictions they may have when writing. He pointed out that when writing in regular basics one is extremely focused on the mistakes and avoids certain words or ideas for fear. Instead, freewriting promotes writers to produce ideas more quickly because they forget to edit as they write.

The idea of freewriting has been popularized by Julia Cameron through her book The Artist's Way (1992). She presents the method of "morning pages" which demands that the author write three pages every morning to get ideas out. She saw this as a helpful technique to combat the blockages that writers may have.

Technique
The technique involves continuous writing, usually for a predetermined period of time (often from five to fifteen minutes). The writer writes with no regards to spelling or grammar, and makes no corrections. If the writer reaches a point where they can't think of anything to write, it is presumed that they will continue to write about whichever ideas come to their mind. The writer is free to strays off topic and let thoughts lead where they may. At times, a writer may also perform a focused freewrite, letting a chosen topic structure their thoughts. Expanding from this topic, the thoughts may stray to make connections and create more abstract views on the topic. This technique helps a writer explore a particular subject before putting ideas into a more basic context.

Freewriting is often done on a daily basis as a part of the writer's daily routine. Also, students in many writing courses are assigned to do such daily writing exercises.

The writing does not have to be done with pen and paper. A technique known as Free blogging combines blogging with free-writing with the rules changed so that the writer does not stop typing for long periods of time. The end result may or may not be shared with the public.

Evolution of free blogging from early 2000's to now
As the times progress, free writing has evolved with the times as more online platforms and mediums have opened up. With sites opening up like Tumblr in 2007 and Twitter in 2006, there was another boon in online traffic that we can observe today. If you have an interest or hobby, you can find or create a blog post for people with similar passions. For any thought that you want to share with the world Twitter has become the medium for such a thing as well as being able to connect with a large number of people at any time. Over the years, even as Tumblr has gone down in usership, it is still a heavily traffic site that helped grow a multitude of communities. Twitter currently holds on top for one of the largest bases of users actively writing and sharing their thoughts to the world furthering change how we free write.

Rationale
Free writing is based on a presumption that, while everyone has something to say and the ability to say it, the mental wellspring may be blocked by apathy, self-criticism, resentment, anxiety about deadlines, fear of failure or censure, or other forms of resistance. The accepted rules of free-writing enable a writer to build up enough momentum to blast past blocks into uninhibited flow, the concept outlined by writing teachers such as Louise Dunlap, Peter Elbow, and Natalie Goldberg.

Free-writing is all about loosening and limbering the thought process, not about a product or a performance for a student or a writer.

Use in education
Often free-writing workshops focus on self-expression, and are sometimes even used in teaching elementary school children. There is no common consensus on the acceptance of this technique, often referred as Natalie Goldberg's first four rules of writing:
The writer gives themselves a time limit. Writing for one or ten or twenty minutes, and then stopping.
The writer should keep their hands moving until the time is up. They should not pause to stare into space or to read what they've written. They should write quickly but not in a hurry.
The writer should pay no attention to grammar, spelling, punctuation, neatness, or style. Nobody else needs to read what they've produced here. The correctness and quality of what is written do not matter; the act of writing does.
If the writer gets off the topic or runs out of ideas, they should keep writing anyway. If necessary, they can write nonsense or whatever comes into their head, or simply scribble: anything to keep the hand moving.
If the writer feels bored or uncomfortable as they're writing, they should ask themselves what's bothering them and write about that.
When the time is up, the writer should look over what they've written, and mark passages that contain ideas or phrases that might be worth keeping or elaborating on in a subsequent free-writing session.

Goldberg's rules appear to be based on those developed by Jack Kerouac, whom she cites several times. Kerouac developed 30 "rules" in his Belief & Technique for Modern Prose. While Kerouac's "rules" are elliptical and even cryptic for beginning writers, they are more comprehensive than Goldberg's for those who have practiced prose writing for some time. Kerouac supplemented these with his Essentials of Spontaneous Prose, and together they form the basis of his prose writing method, a form of narrative stream of consciousness. Kerouac himself cites the "trance writing" of William Butler Yeats as a precursor of his own practice.

Goldberg's rules, which are infused with the study and practice of Zen Buddhism, make the process of free writing more accessible for a beginner and are perhaps less extreme than those of Kerouac, although they are still tinged with an element of mysticism.

Criticisms and Critiques
The effectiveness of free writing remains a disputed topic within the field of writing studies. Charles Piltch expressed concerns that the lack of time for preparation before writing may produce work that is not suitable for academic settings. Furthermore, Piltch notes that students who practice free writing are more reluctant to revising or editing their work and often produce insincere writing. Raymond Rodrigues argues that free writing minimizes the role of skilled instruction in writing studies and wrongfully equates fluid writing to good writing. The research presented in George Hillock's Research on Writing Composition states that although free writing is superior to emphasizing grammar and mechanics, using writing models with qualitative criteria produces the best writing.

See also

Asemic writing
Jack Kerouac
Natalie Goldberg
Stream of consciousness
The Most Dangerous Writing App

References

Further reading

Writing

Free writing


Ša-la-la četvrti je studijski album hrvatskog pop-rock sastava Srebrna krila, koji izlazi 1981. godine, a objavljuje ga Jugoton. Album donosi hitove Manuela, Cha-Cha, Šalio se ja, Fontana sna i mnoge druge. U stilu je Novog vala kao i prezhodni album grupe. Ovo je ujedno i prvi album na kojem bubnjeve svira Slavko Pintarić Pišta koji je u sastav došao 1981. kada su Dado i Adi napustili sastav.

Popis pjesama

A strana

 Slomi u sebi svoj bijes (2:29)
 Manuela cha-cha-cha (2:40)
 Silvi (5:31)
 Mi smo vjerni našoj ljubavi (2:44)
 Šalio se ja (2:36)

B strana

 Dajem ti iz ljubavi pet (3:14)
 Brigadirska pjesma (3:11)
 Fontana sna (3:07)
 Ne okreći se (2:41)
 Reci mi istinu (3:35)

Albumi iz 1981.
Albumi sastava Srebrna krila

Ša-la-la


Joe "Guitar" Hughes (* 29. September 1937 in Houston, Texas; † 20. Mai 2003 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Blues-Gitarrist. Beeinflusst wurde er von Johnny "Guitar" Watson, ebenfalls aus Houston, T-Bone Walker und Clarence Gatemouth Brown. Mit dem gleichaltrigen Johnny Copeland spielte Anfang/Mitte der 1950er in einer Band namens "Dukes of Rhythm".

1958 bis 1963 leitete Hughes die Hausband eines Juke Joints. Daneben nahm er einige Singles auf. 1963 wurde er Mitglied der Upsetters, bekannt als die Band von Little Richard. 1965 schloss er sich zunächst Bobby "Blue" Bland, dann Al "TNT" Braggs an.

Nach einer längeren Durststrecke brachte Hughes ab der zweiten Hälfte der 1980er eine Reihe erfolgreicher Alben heraus. Er starb am 20. Mai 2003 nach einem Herzinfarkt.

Weblinks

Greg Johnson:  auf CascadeBlues.org (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Musiker (Vereinigte Staaten)
Blues-Musiker
Gitarrist
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1937
Gestorben 2003
Mann

Joe Guitar Hughes


An Eriochilus tenuis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni John Lindley. An Eriochilus tenuis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eriochilus, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eriochilus

Eriochilus tenuis


Bornova Anadolu Lisesi (BAL), Bornova, İzmir'de bulunan, üç dil eğitim yapan bir anadolu lisesidir. İzmir Koleji adıyla bir Maarif Bakanlığı Koleji olarak kurulan okul, önce İzmir Anadolu Lisesi, daha sonra bugünkü adını almıştır.

Tarihi

Okul yerleşkesinde eğitimin başlangıcı
Okulun bugün tesislerinin bulunduğu alan 1950'lere kadar, Fransız asıllı varlıklı bir levanten olan Edmond Giraud'nun İzmir'in Bornova kazasına 2 kilometre uzaklıktaki 220 dönümlük çiftliğiydi. 1950'li yılların başında, İzmirli 50 dolayında tanınmış iş adamı, İzmir'de eksikliği hissedilen yabancı dil ile eğitim veren yatılı bir okulu şehirlerine kazandırmak amacı ile bir araya geldiler. Görüşmeler sonunda Giraud, arazisini içindeki tarihi köşkü, korusu ve güvercinliğiyle birlikte, bir okul yapılması koşuluyla, 26 Mart 1953 tarihinde sembolik bir bedelle Ege Koleji T.A.Ş.'e devretti ve kendisi de şirket ortağı oldu. Arazi üzerine, zengin bitki örtüsü korunarak derslikler, yatakhaneler, yemekhane ve konferans salonu inşa edildi. Böylece, 1953-1954 öğretim yılında "Özel Ege Koleji" eğitim ve öğretime başladı. Okula ilk yıl 38 yatılı erkek öğrenci kaydoldu.

İzmir Koleji dönemi
1954 yılında Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı'nca yurt çapında yabancı dille öğretim yapacak olan Maarif Bakanlığı Kolejleri'nin (sonraları kısaca "Maarif Koleji" olarak anılmışlardır) kurulması kararlaştırılınca İzmir'deki Maarif Bakanlığı Koleji için uygun nitelikte bir yer aranmaya başlandı.

Zamanın başbakanı Adnan Menderes ve Millî Eğitim bakanı Celal Yardımcı'nın, Ege Üniversitesi'nin temelini atmak üzere Bornova'ya geldiklerinde ziyaret ettikleri Özel Ege Koleji, Adnan Menderes'in tercihi doğrultusunda İzmir Koleji (İK) için uygun görüldü. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı, araziyi ve okulu Özel Ege Koleji T.A.Ş.'den satın aldı ve Özel Ege Koleji, İzmir Koleji'ne dönüştürülmüş oldu.

İzmir Koleji; Diyarbakır, Eskişehir, İstanbul/Kadıköy, Konya ve Samsun Kolejleri ile birlikte Türkiye'nin ilk altı Maarif Bakanlığı Koleji arasında 22 Ekim 1955'te öğretime başlamıştır.

Okulun eğitimci kadrosunda İngilizce-Türkçe ağırlıklı verilen eğitimin gereği olarak Türk öğretmenlerinin yanı sıra çok sayıda yabancı uyruklu (İngiliz, Amerikalı vb.) öğretmen yer almıştır. 1957 yılında ABD ile yapılan ikili kültür anlaşması gereği çok sayıda yabancı uzman ve barış gönüllüsü de 1970'lı yıllarına başlarına dek öğretmen olarak çalışmıştır.

Karma eğitime geçiş ve gündüzlüler
İlk 10 yıl sadece yatılı erkek kabul eden İzmir Koleji, 1964-1965 öğretim yılından itibaren Orta Öğretim Genel Müdürlüğü kararı ile kızları da kabul eden karma öğretime başladı. Bu yıldan başlamak üzere gündüzlü kız ve erkek öğrenciler de okula kabul edilmeye başladı.

İAL ve BAL
1975 yılında Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı kararı gereğince yurt çapındaki Maarif Bakanlığı Kolejleri'nin adlarının "Anadolu Lisesi"ne dönüştürülmesi üzerine okulun adı "İzmir Anadolu Lisesi" (İAL) olarak değiştirildi. 1976-1977 öğretim yılında ise, İzmir'de başka Anadolu Liseleri açılması üzerine, "Bornova Anadolu Lisesi" (BAL) adını aldı.

1979-1980 öğretim yılı başında, o yıla dek İzmir İnönü Lisesi binalarında öğretim gören Almanca Anadolu Lisesi öğrencileri de okulda öğretime başladılar ve böylece BAL, İngilizce ve Almanca Bölümleri olmak üzere iki bölüme ayrıldı ve yine aynı dönemde Almanca Bölümü'ndeki kız öğrencilerin bir kısmı yatılı öğrenci olarak kabul edildi. Bu durumda yatakhane kapasitelerinin dolmaya başlaması sonucu, aileleri İzmir içinde oturan yatılı öğrenciler gündüzlüye geçirildi.

1997-1998 öğretim yılından itibaren Fransızca bölümünün de açılması sonucu, Bornova Anadolu Lisesi 3 yabancı dilde eğitim vermeye başladı.

Okulun sosyal ortamı ve kültürel gelenekleri
 Okulun görece şehirden uzak ve kapalı yerleşkesi, kendine özgü ortamıyla yatılılık, hazırlık-orta-lise sürekliliğiyle kesintisiz uzunca bir eğitim süresi özel bir sosyal ortam oluşmasına katkıda bulunmuştur.

Her sene eğitim yılı sonunda düzenlenen Ayran Günü, okulun geleneksel şenliğidir.

BAL ve Spor

Okulun tarihinde çeşitli spor dallarında yer alan çok sayıda başarı arasında şunlar sayılabilir:
Bornova Anadolu Lisesi Türkiye'de "Ultimate Frizbi" takımına sahip tek lisedir, bu yüzden turnuvalarda takım üyeleri üniversite öğrencileriyle maç yapmaktadırlar.

BAL ve Müzik

Müzik yarışmaları
Okulun müzik grubu 1967'de "Milliyet Liselerarası Hafif Batı Müziği Yarışması" adıyla başlayıp daha sonra kapsamı genişleyerek Milliyet Türkiye Liselerarası Müzik ve Halk Oyunları Yarışması adını alan yarışmalarda çeşitli dereceler aldı:
 1969'da beste dalında İzmir Koleji dördüncü oldu. Yarışmada dereceye giren parçalar Sayan Plak tarafından basılıyordu (bu uygulama 1970'te terkedildi). O yıl basılan 45'liğin bir yüzünde İzmir Koleji, diğer yüzünde icra dördüncüsü Ankara Fen Lisesi vardı.
 1969'da Hesitation ile icra dalında birinci oldu.
 1970 yılında İzmir Koleji icra dalında birinci, beste dalında ikinci oldu. İleride 21. Peron grubunu kuracak olan Andreas Wildermann'ın (klavye) başını çektiği grupta Ömür Şölendil (solist), Alper Özmen (solo gitar), Faik Günvar (ritm gitar), Faik Gürsu (bas gitar), Mustafa Polat (flüt-trompet), Hulki Davas (bateri) yer alıyordu.

Sonuncusu 1999 yılında düzenlenen bu yarışmanın dışında, daha sonraki dönemde şu etkinlikler gerçekleşti:
 2008 yılında İzmir Amerikan Kolejinin düzenlediği 1. Liselerarası Müzik Yarışması'nda Zafer Sernikli, Berk Sivrikaya, Birant Göçeli, Alp Alptekin, Çeral Efe Aracı ve Cemre Mavioğlu'nun yer aldığı Xenon adlı grupla temsil edilen BAL, beste dalında ikinci olurken, Çeral Efe Aracı en iyi bas gitarist ödülünü aldı. Aynı yarışmanın ikinci kez düzenlendiği 2010 yılında ise Cemre Mavioğlu en iyi kadın vokal ödülünü kazandı.
 2011 Genç Nota Liselerarası Müzik Yarışması'nda okulu Vintage isimli grup temsil etti.

Okul Marşı
 Okulun müzik öğretmeni Naci Önöz sözleri de kendisine ait olan okul marşını 1965'te bestelemiştir. Okulun isim değişikliği uyarınca güncellenmiş sözleri şöyledir:
Selam Bornova Anadolu Lisesi
Yürekten saygı sana
Durmadan bıkmadan
Işık tuttun sen bana (x2)

Göklere değer başımız
Dillerde marşımız
Geriliğe saldıralım
Aydınlığa varalım (x2)

Selam Bornova Anadolu Lisesi
Yürekten saygı sana
Durmadan bıkmadan
Işık tuttun sen bana

Mezunlar topluluğu
İzmir Koleji ve Bornova Anadolu Lisesi mezunları kurdukları dernek (BALMED) ve vakıfla (BALEV) hem kendi aralarındaki dayanışmayı sürdürmekte hem de okullarının gelişmesini desteklemektedirler.

Notlar ve Kaynaklar

Dış bağlantılar

 Bornova Anadolu Lisesi - Resmî site
 Bornova Anadolu Lisesi Eğitim Vakfı
 Bornova Anadolu Lisesi Mezunları Derneği
 Bornova Anadolu Lisesi Okul Aile Birliği
 Bornova Anadolu Lisesi Spor Kulübü
 UNİBAL-Üniversiteli BAL'lılar
 Uzaydan Bornova Anadolu Lisesi

İzmir'deki liseler
Anadolu Lisesi
Anadolu liseleri
1953'te kurulan eğitim kurumları

Bornova Anadolu Lisesi


An Fimbristylis squarrosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Vahl. An Fimbristylis squarrosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Fimbristylis, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 F. s. esquarrosa
 F. s. squarrosa

Mga kasarigan

Fimbristylis

Fimbristylis squarrosa


Kubern steht für:

 Kubern: 1915–1918 und 1940–1944 der verdeutschte Name von Cuvry, Département Moselle, Frankreich

Kubern ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Peter Kubern (1945–2014), deutscher Fußballspieler

Kubern


Dmitry Badiarov (, Dmitri Badjarow; * 1. Juli 1969 in Naltschik, Kabardino-Balkarien) ist ein russischer Geiger und Geigenbauer im Bereich historische Aufführungspraxis.

Leben und Wirken
Dmitry Badiarov erhielt mit acht Jahren in seiner Heimat ersten Violinunterricht bei Semyon Ziskind. Ab dem 15. Lebensjahr verzog er nach Leningrad, am dortigen Konservatorium studierte er bei Mark Kommisarov und Oleg Shoulpiakov moderne Violine. Schon früh erhielt er parallel eine Ausbildung im Geigenbau in seinem Geburtsort durch Vladimir Oiberman und ab dem 19. Lebensjahr von Vladimir Yakimenko. Nach seinem Militärdienst studierte er bei Sigiswald Kuijken am Königlichen Konservatorium Brüssel Barockvioline und historisch informierte Aufführungspraxis bei Peter Van Heyghen. Seit 1995 wirkte er in zahlreichen Barockensembles als Geiger, so bei "Il Fondamento", "Mito dell'Arco Quartet", "Den Haag Baroque", Bach Collegium Japan, dem kanadischen Ensemble "Les Boréades",  "Il Gardellino", "Les Talens Lyriques" oder als Konzertmeister bei "Les Muffatti", außerdem gehörte er jeweils mehrere Jahre zur Stammbesetzung von La Petite Bande und dem Ricercar Consort unter Philippe Pierlot.

1997 nahm Badiarov während fünf Monaten an einem Meisterkurs an der Geigenbauschule in Mailand teil und entwickelte danach durch Zusammenführung von Geigenbau und Historischer Aufführungspraxis eine eigene Philosophie, die auch auf der Basis von historischen Dokumentationen zu seinem persönlichen Geigenbaustil führte.

Violoncello da Spalla

Gemeinsam mit Sigiswald Kuijken ist er aktiver Protagonist des Violoncello da spalla, welches er 2004 auf Grundlage historischer Beschreibungen in seiner Brüsseler Werkstatt rekonstruierte. Durch ständige Weiterentwicklung des Instrumentes, auch in enger Zusammenarbeit mit dem italienischen Saitenhersteller Mimmo Peruffo (Aquila), perfektionierte er die Klangästhetik und Ausgewogenheit des Instrumentes, von dem inzwischen rund 15 von Musikern, die vielfach aus dem Umfeld der La Petite Bande stammen, gespielt werden. Seit 2004 ist er als Solist auf diesem Instrument in Japan, Mexiko und zahlreichen europäischen Ländern in Erscheinung getreten.

Ebenfalls im Auftrag der Kuijkens stellte er einen Satz Barockviolinen und Bratschen her, die der Bauweise der Schützzeit entsprechen.

Badiarov lebte und wirkte mehrere Jahre in Tokyo, in dieser Zeit war er Gastdozent an der Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music und unterrichtete historisch informierten Geigenbau an einer Geigenbauschule Tokio. Derzeit lebt und wirkt Dmitry Badiarov in Den Haag.

Neben mehreren Dutzend CD-Einspielungen mit den oben angegebenen Ensembles spielte Badiarov 2009 für das Label Ramée die Solosuiten BWV 1007-1012 von Johann Sebastian Bach auf dem Violoncello da Spalla ein. Die Aufnahme wurde u. a. mit dem Preis der deutschen Schallplattenkritik ausgezeichnet.

Weblinks
Website des Geigenbauers Badiarov

Einzelnachweise

Klassischer Geiger
Geigenbauer
Historische Aufführungspraxis
Musiker (Sowjetunion)
Musiker (Russland)
Musiker (Japan)
Musiker (Niederlande)
Russe
Geboren 1969
Mann

Dmitry Badiarov


Oameni de nădejde este un film românesc din 1989 regizat de Alexandru Boiangiu.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1989 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1989

Oameni de nădejde


Das Wort enorm kann folgendes bedeuten:

 als Eigenschaftswort für außergewöhnlich, überdurchschnittlich oder auch "über der Norm …" sowie "über dem Durchschnitt liegend"
 als Eigenname der Bezeichner einer Zeitschrift, siehe Enorm (Magazin)

Siehe auch:

 Norm (Begriffsklärung)

Enorm


Kosmos 1513, sovjetski vojni navigacijski i komunikacijski satelit iz programa Kosmos. Vrste je Parus.

Lansiran je 8. prosinca 1983. godine u 18:08 kozmodroma Pljesecka, s mjesta 132/2. Lansiran je u nisku orbitu oko planeta Zemlje raketom nosačem Kosmos-3M 11K65M. Orbita mu je 960 km u perigeju i 1017 km u apogeju. Orbitne inklinacije je 82,94°. Spacetrackov kataloški broj je 14546. COSPARova oznaka je 1983-120-A. Zemlju obilazi u 104,87 minuta. Pri lansiranju bio je mase 810 kg.

Iz misije je ostao još jedan dio koji je ostao kružiti u niskoj orbiti.

Izvori
А.Железняков. Энциклопедия "Космонавтика". Хроника освоения космоса. 1983 год. (rus.)
Heavens-above (engl.)
NASA (engl.)
Planet4589.org Tablični prikaz podataka o satelitima (engl.)
N2YO Satellite Database - Tehnical Details - Real Time Satellite Tracking and Predictions (engl.)
Gunter's Space Page Parus (GLONASS-M, 11F627) (engl.)

Vanjske poveznice
N2YO.com Search Satellite Database (engl.)
Celes Trak SATCAT Format Documentation (engl.)
Kunstman  Satellites in Orbit (engl.)

Sateliti Kosmos

Kosmos 1513


Izak van der Merwe (* 26. Januar 1984 in Johannesburg) ist ein ehemaliger südafrikanischer Tennisspieler.

Karriere
Van der Merwe konnte drei Einzeltitel auf der Challenger Tour gewinnen, sowie 14 weitere Titel im Doppel. Auf der ATP Tour erzielte er 2011 bei den SA Tennis Open sein bestes Resultat, als er mit einer Wildcard ausgestattet bis ins Halbfinale vorrücken konnte und erst dort gegen den Inder Somdev Devvarman unterlag. Bei Grand Slams konnte er sich lediglich in Wimbledon für das Hauptfeld qualifizieren, 2008 im Einzel und 2011 im Doppel. Ein anschließender Sieg gelang ihm nicht.

Van der Merwe war seit 2006 Mitglied des südafrikanischen Davis-Cup-Teams.

Erfolge

Einzel

Turniersiege

Doppel

Turniersiege

Weblinks

Davis-Cup-Spieler (Südafrika)
College-Tennis-Spieler
Südafrikaner
Geboren 1984
Mann

Izak van der Merwe


العَبوَة النَاسِفة  وتسمى أيضاً متفجرات الطريق هي قنبلة محلية الصنع، وتعد من الوسائل غير التقليدية في العمل العسكري، وتصنع من المتفجرات العسكرية التقليدية مثل قذائف الهاون، لتلحق بعد ذلك بآلية تفجير كهربائية أو ميكانيكية بغرض التحفيز على الانفجار. تتميز هذه العبوات ببساطة تركيبها، حيث تتكون من خمسة عناصر في الغالب أولها مفتاح التشغيل للعبوة، ثم الصمام وهو عبارة عن بادئ الإشعال، كما تكون هناك شحنة متفجرة وبطارية تشغيل يوضعون جميعهم في حاوية. الشحنات شديدة الانفجار قد تتضمن أجزاء وقطع مضادة للأفراد مثل المسامير أو الكرات الفولاذية، وذلك لكي تتسبب في إحداث جروح غائرة عند المسافات الأكبر مقارنة بتأثيرات موجات الضغط والعصف فقط.

بعد غزو العراق تم استخدام -في السنوات من 2003 إلى 2011- عبوات ناسفة ضد قوات التحالف بقيادة الولايات المتحدة. كان تأثير هذه العبوات مؤلما على عربات وأليات وأفراد قوات التحالف من حيث العطب والتدمير والإصابات، حيث كانت مسؤولة عن 63% من حالات الوفيات في قوات الائتلاف بقياده الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية مع نهاية عام 2007. كما أستخدمت هذه العبوات بشكل مؤثر في حرب أفغانستان، وتسببت بنحو 66% من الإصابات في قوات التحالف.

انظر أيضاً
 عبوة شواظ

المراجع

أسلحة حرمان منطقة
أسلحة متفجرة
عبوات ناسفة
قنابل
متفجرات

عبوة ناسفة


Toponyme
 Scheuren, commune suisse

Patronyme
 Aegidius Johann Peter Joseph Scheuren (1774-1844), peintre et lithographe allemand, père de Caspar
 Caspar Scheuren (1810-1887), peintre et illustrateur prussien, fils de Johann Peter

Scheuren (homonymie)


La aciduria orótica es una enfermedad que causa eliminación de ácido orótico por la orina. Puede tener varias causas, una de ellas es un trastorno de origen genético por déficit enzimático que se llama aciduria orótica hereditaria.

Aciduria orótica hereditaria

La aciduria orótica hereditaria es un raro trastorno de origen genético que esta causada por una deficiencia grave de la enzima  uridina 5'-monofosfato sintasa, por lo que se incluye dentro de los errores congénitos del metabolismo. Se transmite de padres a hijos según un patrón autosómico recesivo, lo que significa que para que un niño presente la enfermedad debe haber recibido en su herencia genética una copia del gen anómalo de cada uno de sus dos progenitores. (Otras enzimas afectadas en la aciduria orótica pueden ser: "orotato fosforribosil transferasa" y "OMP descarboxilasa")

Se trata de un trastorno muy infrecuente del que se han descrito un número reducido de casos a nivel mundial. La mutación se encuentra localizada en el cromosoma 3q13. Los síntomas principales consisten en retraso mental, velocidad de crecimiento ralentizada, anemia megaloblástica y excreción de ácido orótico por la orina que provoca depósito de cristales de esta sustancia en el tracto urinario y obstrucciones a nivel de la uretra y los uréteres que pueden ocasionar mal funcionamiento renal.

El tratamiento consiste en la administración de uridina que habitualmente provoca mejoría o desaparición de los síntomas y disminuye la excreción urinaria de ácido orótico.

Véase también
 Ciclo de la urea

Referencias

Errores congénitos del metabolismo
Enfermedades raras

Aciduria orótica


منطقة التل منطقة سورية إدارية تتبع محافظة ريف دمشق  ومركزها مدينة التل، بلغ تعداد سكان المنطقة 115,937 نسمة حسب التعداد السكاني لعام 2004.

نواحي منطقة التل
ناحية مركز التل
ناحية رنكوس
ناحية صيدنايا

المراجع

التل

منطقة التل


«Rock Me» (en español: "Rockéame") es una canción interpretada por la banda croata Riva que ganó el Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión 1989 representando a Yugoslavia.

En el festival celebrado en Lausana, fue la canción interpretada en último lugar, en lengua serbocroata. Al final de la votación había recibido 137 puntos, siendo declarada ganadora. Fue la primera y única ganadora yugoslava, dos años antes de que comenzase el proceso de desintegración del país.

Se trata de una canción rítmica en cuya letra, la cantante Emilija Kokić le pide a un pianista de música clásica que le toque algo bailable.

Enlaces externos
 Letra de la canción

Ganadores de Eurovisión
Canciones de Eurovisión de Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia en 1989

Rock Me (canción de Riva)


القوات الجوية الإمبراطورية الروسية (بالروسية: Императорскiй военно-воздушный флотъ) هي سلاح الجو في الإمبراطورية الروسية من 1910 إلى 1917 قبل أن تقوم الثورة الروسية وتصبح القوات الجوية السوفيتية.

التاريخ
إن بدايات الطيران الروسي تعود إلى مشاريع نظرية في الثمانينيات من القرن التاسع عشر نفذها «نكولاي كيبالشيش» و«ألكسندر مزهايسكي». في 1904 أسس «نيكولاي زهوكوفسكي» أول معهد لديناميكا الهواء في العالم وكان يقع في «كاشينو» بجانب موسكو.

في 1910 اشترى الجيش الإمبراطوري الروسي عددا من الطائرات الفرنسية وبدأ يدرب عددًا من الطيارين العسكريين. ارتبط تاريخ الطيران الحربي في الإمبراطورية الروسية باسم إيجور سيكورسكي.

في عام 1913 بنى إيجور أول طائرة ذات سطحين بأربع محركات وهي روسكي فيتياز كما بنى طائرته القاذفة الشهيرة إيليا موروميتس. في نفس العام بنى ديميتري جريجوروفيتش عددا من «السفن الطائرة» للقوات البحرية الإمبراطورية الروسية. في عام 1914 قام الطيارين الروس باجراء أول رحلة في التاريخ فوق القطب الشمالي بحثا عن «جورجي سيدوف»، أحد المستكشفين المفقودين.

التاريخ القتالي
في بداية الحرب العالمية الأولى كان لروسيا ثاني أكبر قوات جوية في العالم، بعد فرنسا على الرغم من أن كثيرا من الطائرات الروسية كانت طائرات فرنسية مستعملة. في بداية الحرب استخدم الروس الطيران في مهام الاستطلاع وتنسيق نيران المدفعية فقط، ولكن في ديسمبر 1914 تم تشكيل سرب من طائرات إيليا موروميتس وتم استخدامها ضد الجيوش الألمانية والنمساوية-المجرية.
من ضمن الطيارين الروس المشاهير «بيوتبر نيستيروف» والذي قام بأول هجوم انتحاري بالطائرات في العالم. أيضا من ابرز الطيارين «أليكساندر كازاكوف» وهو من أكثر الطيارين نجاحا وأستطاع إسقاط 32 طائرة معادية.

في عام 1915 أصبحت القوات الجوية سلاحا مستقلا بذاته بعد أن كانت من ضمن سلاح المهندسين في السابق. لكن مع استمرار الحرب وسوء الحالة الاقتصادية في روسيا وسلسلة من الانهزامات على الجبهة الشرقية، هبط إنتاج الطائرات في روسيا بشدة. فبين عامي 1914 و1917 أنتجت روسيا 5000 طائرة مقابل 45,000 طائرة لعدوتها اللدود ألمانيا.
في عام 1916 قام سيكورسكي ببناء طائرة ذات سطحين وبأربع محركات اسمها «أليكساندر نيفسكي» ولكن لم يتم إنتاجها فعليا بسبب الأحداث التي سبقت ولحقت الثورة الروسية ثم هجرة سيكورسكي إلى الولايات المتحدة عام 1919. بعد قيام الثورة في روسيا وقيام الاتحاد السوفيتي أصبح اسم القوات الجوية الروسية القوات الجوية السوفيتية.

مراجع

الإمبراطورية الروسية في الحرب العالمية الأولى
الجيش الإمبراطوري الروسي
القوات الجوية الروسية
تأسيسات سنة 1910 في روسيا
تأسيسات سنة 1912 في روسيا
جيش الإمبراطورية الروسية
طيران عسكري روسي
طيران في الحرب العالمية الأولى
قوات جوية منحلة
وحدات وتشكيلات الإمبراطورية الروسية العسكرية
وحدات وتشكيلات عسكرية انحلت في 1917
وحدات وتشكيلات عسكرية أسست في 1912

القوات الجوية الإمبراطورية الروسية


Inocencio González, né le  à Asuncion au Paraguay et mort le , était un footballeur international paraguayen qui évoluait au poste d'attaquant.

Biographie

Avec le Nîmes Olympique, il joue onze matchs en première division française, inscrivant six buts, lors de la saison 1953-1954.

Statistiques

Palmarès

 Copa América (1) :
 Vainqueur : 1953.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance au Paraguay
Naissance en décembre 1929
Footballeur international paraguayen
Joueur du Nîmes Olympique
Décès en mars 2004
Décès à 74 ans

Inocencio González


Der Arroyo Durazno ist ein Fluss in Uruguay.

Er entspringt nordöstlich von Juan José Castro und östlich der in der Nähe verlaufenden Ruta 14. Von dort fließt er auf dem Gebiet des Departamento Flores in östliche Richtung. Er mündet als linksseitiger Nebenfluss in den Arroyo del Tala.

Einzelnachweise

Fluss im Departamento Flores

Arroyo Durazno


In der Liste der Baudenkmale in Zehna sind alle denkmalgeschützten Bauten der Gemeinde Zehna (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) und ihrer Ortsteile aufgelistet (Stand 10. Februar 2021).

Baudenkmale nach Ortsteilen

Zehna

|}

Braunsberg

|}

Klein Breesen

|}

Quelle
.

Weblinks

Zehna
!Baudenkmale

Liste der Baudenkmale in Zehna


Bust bezeichnet:

 Bust, französische Gemeinde im Département Bas-Rhin
 Boust, französische Gemeinde im Département Moselle

Bust ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Günter Bust (1930–2005), deutscher Musikpädagoge und Komponist
 Lotte Bust (1900–1992), deutsche Politikerin (KPD/SED) und Widerstandskämpferin
 Wilfried Bust, deutscher Kanute

Bust (Begriffsklärung)


Atesmerius oder Adsmerius ist der Name eines keltischen Gottes, der nach der Interpretatio Romana mit Mercurius gleichgesetzt wird.

Atesmerius wird in zwei Weiheinschriften genannt, die eine aus Meaux (Iatinum/Fixtinnum, römische Provinz Lugdunensis), dem Hauptort des gallischen Stammes der Meldi, die andere aus Poitiers (Limonum, römische Provinz Aquitania), wo er in der Schreibweise Adsmerius vorkommt.

Der Name einer weiblichen Gottheit Atesmerta ist auf einer Weiheinschrift zu lesen, die 1918 in einem Wald bei der ehemaligen Templer-Commanderie Corgebin (Département Haute-Marne) gefunden wurde (ILTG 414) – siehe auch Fundkarte bei Rosmerta.

Siehe auch
 Liste keltischer Götter und Sagengestalten
 Keltische Religion
 Keltische Mythologie

Literatur
 Helmut Birkhan: Kelten. Versuch einer Gesamtdarstellung ihrer Kultur. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 1997, ISBN 3-7001-2609-3, S. 596.
 Bernhard Maier: Lexikon der keltischen Religion und Kultur (= Kröners Taschenausgabe. Band 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5, S. 31.

Einzelnachweise

Mercurius
Gallische Gottheit
Männliche Gottheit
Beiname einer Gottheit

Atesmerius


FK Desna er en professionel ukrainsk fodboldklub fra Tjernihiv.

Holdets farver er hvid og blå. Klubben har hjemmebane på Juri Gagarin stadion (kapacitet 12.060).

Historiske slutplaceringer

Klubfarver

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Officiell
 Premjer-liha officiell

Fodboldklubber i Ukraine
Etableret i 1960

FK Desna Tjernihiv


Yip Yip Yaphank is a 1918 musical revue by Irving Berlin. He wrote and produced the show during World War I, after he was drafted into the United States Army and was serving in 152nd Depot Brigade at Camp Upton in Yaphank, New York. The military revue was performed by the soldiers of Camp Upton. It moved to Broadway after a brief tryout at the camp.

From idea to the stage

The commanding officer at Camp Upton had wanted to build a community building on the grounds of the army base, and thought that Sgt. Berlin could help raise the $35,000 needed for its construction. Berlin's song, "Oh, How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning," an everyman song for soldiers, was the basis of a revue full of army recruits—a source of manpower available for him to use. He called his friend and co-worker Harry Ruby to join him in writing down the flurry of songs that Berlin created, including "God Bless America", which Berlin eventually omitted from the play for being too sticky.

In July 1918, Yip Yip Yaphank had a tryout run at Camp Upton's little Liberty Theatre, before moving on to Central Park West's Century Theatre in August. The show was typical of revues and follies, featuring acrobatics, dancers, jugglers, and featured a demonstration by Lightweight Boxing Champion Benny Leonard. Included with the performances were military drills choreographed to music by Berlin.

The show had comedy, including males dressed as Ziegfeld girls, and Sgt. Berlin as the reluctant soldier not wanting to join in reveille during the "Oh! How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning" skit.

The finale, "We're On Our Way to France", was the replacement for "God Bless America". During this act, the whole company wore their full gear, and marched out of the theater, down the aisles and out to the street. During the Century Theatre run, the "performers" stayed at an armory downtown, and usually marched right back to the armory after the evening show.

In September 1918, the production had to move to the Lexington Theatre, where it eventually ended its run. On that night, the audience saw the usual ending, with the battle-ready men marching off to "war" but with a slight diversion. After the main performers marched through the aisles, Sgt. Irving Berlin and the rest of the crew were similarly dressed and marched out of the theater. This time, the men were going off to war, actually heading to France.

After the curtain
The play earned the U.S. Army $80,000 ($ million in  dollars) for Camp Upton's Community Building, though the army never had it built. Irving Berlin didn't go to France, and was listed among other great songwriters and playwrights of the time, well up to the next great war.

Songs

"You Can't Stay Up on Bevo"
"Oh! How I Hate To Get Up in the Morning"
"I Can Always Find a Little Sunshine in the Y.M.C.A."
"Kitchen Police"
"Dream On, Little Soldier Boy"
"Mandy" (a major song in a blackface minstrel number, later featured in the 1919 edition of the Ziegfeld Follies)
"We're On Our Way to France"
"The Girl I left Behind"
"Ragtime Razor Brigade"
"Ever Since I Put on a Uniform"
"Page Boy"
"Floradora Sextette"
"Love Interest"
"Dreams of a Soldier"
"Some Boy'
"Darktown Strutters' Ball"
"Waters of Venice"
"Baby"
"White's Pet"
"Don't Know the Half"
"Fancy Free"
"On Our Way to France"
"God Bless America" - originally written for the play but not included. It was included in the sequel to Yip Yip Yaphank, This is the Army in 1943

Adaptations
The first adaptation of Yip Yip Yaphank! after being performed on Broadway was in the 1943 film This Is the Army. In this film, the character Jerry Jones is seen preparing to perform Yip Yip Yaphank! with his fellow soldiers. Most of the show is not depicted in this film, but the finale "We're On Our Way to France" is performed in the same way it was during the last show at the Lexington Theater in 1918.

The soldiers are shown marching out of the theater into the streets in full field equipment where they get into military trucks to ship off to war. The film featured Berlin singing "Oh How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning", as was done in the original 1918 production.

The next adaptation wasn't until November 2010, when the show was revisited by American Classics. American Classics is an organization that performs historical musicals and musical revues in the Greater Boston Area. This performance was the first ever revival of Yip Yip Yaphank! and featured all of the original songs from the 1918 production. American Classics performed another revival of the show in 2018 for its 100th anniversary.

In November 2018, Yip Yip Yaphank was performed by the students of Longwood High School, as a commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the show's debut. The Longwood Central School District services the town of Yaphank where the musical revue was originally performed and conceived. This depiction contained many of the original songs and skits from the original performance. One change made to the show was the reintroduction of the song God Bless America.

Extensive research was done during the production by the producer to correctly portray the intent of Irving Berlin. Producer of the adaptation Dr. John J. Gallagher stated, "A team of teachers joined me at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC for a research project during the summer of 2017. There, we obtained sheet music, some orchestrations and other personal documents from Berlin himself . . . Local historians had donated authentic photos [and] letters from soldiers that have been incorporated into the production."

References

External links

Musicals by Irving Berlin
1918 musicals
Broadway musicals
Musicals about World War I
Musicals set in the United States
Revues

Yip Yip Yaphank