بيتر هيامس  Peter Hyams هو مخرج وسيناريست ومنتج أمريكي ولد سنة 1943 بنيويورك.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

كتاب سيناريو من لوس أنجلوس
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من لوس أنجلوس (كاليفورنيا)
أمريكيون من أصل يهودي روسي
خريجو جامعة سيراكيوز
خريجو كلية هنتر
صحفيو التلفزيون الأمريكي
صحفيون أمريكيون
كتاب أمريكيون يهود
كتاب خيال علمي أمريكيون
كتاب سيناريو أمريكيون
كتاب سيناريو من كاليفورنيا
كتاب سيناريو من ولاية نيويورك
كتاب فائزون بجائزة هوغو
كتاب من لوس أنجلوس
كتاب من مدينة نيويورك
مخرجو أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية
مخرجو أفلام خيال علمي
مخرجو أفلام رعب
مخرجو أفلام من لوس أنجلوس
مخرجو أفلام من مدينة نيويورك
مراسلون حربيون أمريكيون
مصورو سينما أمريكيون
مواليد 1943
مواليد في نيويورك
يهود أمريكيون في القرن 21

بيتر هيامس


Borcová este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Turčianske Teplice din regiunea Žilina. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 147 de locuitori. Se învecinează cu comuna Jazernica.

Istoric
Localitatea Borcová este atestată documentar din 1302.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Borcová


Cetatea Răchitova este un monument istoric aflat pe teritoriul satului Răchitova, comuna Răchitova. În Repertoriul Arheologic Național, monumentul apare cu codul 90734.03, 90734.03.01, 90734.03.02.

Note

Monumente istorice din județul Hunedoara

Cetatea Răchitova


Port Salut er en halvfast rødkitsost med en mild, noget syrlig smag. Den syrlige smag skyldes mælkesyrebakterier, der tilføjes ved fremstillingen af osten. Port Salut er fremstillet af komælk og har en bleggul farve og en karakteristisk orange skorpe, som er spiselig.

Port Salut fremstilles på grundlag af en ost, der tidligere blev fremstillet af munke i klostret "Notre Dame de Port-du-Salut" i Entrammes i Normandiet i det nordlige Frankrig.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Viden om mad - Port Salut

Oste
Normandiet

Port Salut


Fallen is the debut studio album by American rock band Evanescence, released on March 4, 2003 by Wind-up Records. Co-founders singer and pianist Amy Lee and guitarist Ben Moody began writing and recording songs as Evanescence in 1995, and after releasing two EPs and a demo CD, they signed to Wind-up in January 2001. Several of the songs from their earlier independent releases feature on Fallen. The album was recorded between August and December 2002 in several studios in California. It is Evanescence's only studio album to feature Moody, who left the band in October 2003.

The album yielded four singles: "Bring Me to Life", "Going Under", "My Immortal", and "Everybody's Fool". "Bring Me to Life" and "My Immortal" charted in the top 10 of over 10 countries, including the US, UK and Australia. Fallen is Evanescence's most commercially successful album to date, selling 10 million copies in the US and over 17 million copies worldwide, making it the sixth best-selling album of the 21st century. It debuted at number seven on the Billboard 200 with 141,000 copies sold in its first week, peaking at number three in June 2003. The album topped the charts in more than 10 countries. It was certified diamond by the RIAA in November 2022.

Fallen received generally positive reviews from music critics. Evanescence received five nominations at the 46th Grammy Awards: Album of the Year, Best Rock Album, Best Rock Song, Best Hard Rock Performance, and Best New Artist, winning the latter two. At the following year's ceremony,  "My Immortal" was nominated for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. Evanescence embarked on their first headlining concert tour, the Fallen Tour, in 2003. A live album and concert DVD with behind the scenes footage was released in 2004, titled Anywhere but Home.

Background
Lee and Moody met as teenagers in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1994. She brought him a cassette tape of her playing guitar and singing a song she wrote, and they became musical collaborators, playing and working on music at Lee's home, and occasionally performing acoustic sets at book stores and coffee houses in the Little Rock area. Lee had a 16-track recorder that she and him would use alongside Pro Tools, "fake strings and choirs" on her keyboard, and layer sounds and beats for their early material, which they mixed and produced. "We were basically just putting it down to remember what we wanted", Lee said. Lee's musical vision for Evanescence was "the idea of combinations that were unlikely". She aimed to combine her different musical tastes, "bringing something from the cinematic and classical symphonic world and marrying it to metal, hard rock and alternative music." "There was all this music that was inspiring me. And Evanescence was the product of these two extremes combining".

They recorded two independent EPs. Their early demos got them airplay on the local modern rock station in Little Rock, which helped them develop a local fanbase, allowing them to play a couple of bigger production shows a year and hire other musicians to perform other instruments live. Although they played with guest musicians, Evanescence remained a duo. "It was more because that's what we did and how we worked rather than not wanting any other input", Lee recalled; "The idea of a full band playing these songs was something that only came along later." Moody said that at the time Lee and him were focused on writing music over playing live shows, and they did not want to have a band join their writing process; "we just wanted it to be the two of us and so we'd play once or twice a year." In 2000, they released a demo CD, Origin, and signed with Wind-up Records in 2001. Origin and the earlier EPs contain demo versions of some of the songs that would later appear on Fallen.

In a 2004 MTV interview, Moody said that he and Lee rarely wrote together, it was "maybe two or three times in eight years did we actually sit down and write together in the same room." Lee said that she and Moody never sat down and wrote together, and instead would combine their respective parts in songs. From the start, Lee would only ever write music by herself, considering it a vulnerable process and feeling disrespected by Moody. The creation of Fallen largely consisted of her and Moody writing music separately and then adding to each other's work, due to tension and significant creative differences between them. Lee's creative disagreements with Moody included his strict approach to songwriting and focus on commerciality; he would "always be corralling" her ideas, and wanting to push them in a more commercial, pop direction. She indicated that with Moody there was a "pressure of wanting to rule the world". "It was always a push and pull between us, for me", she said. "Fallen really is a lot of compromise. It definitely leaned toward what he wanted a lot of the time." Creative restrictions included instrumentation decisions such as her wanting to play organ on the record and Moody not wanting that. Moody said in a 2003 interview that he focused on making the album "as accessible as possible, to as many people as possible". He later conceded that they had different approaches, adding that Lee is "more creative" and "more educated musically", and he is "more commercial minded" and likes making "songs people can adhere to." In 2004, Lee expressed that the making of Fallen was stressful because "we had to remember [that] at least one big single had to be totally radio-friendly. And I'm really ready not to think that way." In 2020, Lee recalled the process of making Fallen:

Writing and musical style

Lee and Moody were the main writers on the album, Lee the core writer. The two wrote some of the songs when they were 15 and 16. "Imaginary", "My Immortal", and "Whisper" were originally from the duo's independent recordings in the 1990s. Lee composed some of the songs at her house on her keyboard. She wrote songs alone first on the piano or on acoustic guitar, and for Fallen she would write a song and work with Moody to "take it to the finish line." Lee wrote the album's lyrics except "My Immortal"'s, the melodies, much of the music, pianos, and all the choirs; she is credited with the choral arrangements.

Most of Lee's writing on Fallen was driven by her mindset during a relationship she was in with an abusive man. Lee wrote "Going Under" about "coming out of a bad relationship". She described the feeling as, "when you're at the end of your rope, when you're at the point where you realize something has to change, that you can't go on living in the situation that you're in." Lee later said that after completing the songs that came out of an abusive relationship, she was listening to her words on "Going Under" and felt that in the chorus she would have liked to have written instead the notion of "I'm leaving and I'm not going to put up with this anymore", thinking to herself "you know what you need to do and you're not doing it." Billboard said that the "stop/start cadence" of the guitar, "rippling piano and Lee's defiant wail pack a startling wallop".

Written by Lee when she was 19, "Bring Me to Life" is stylistically on the album a nu metal-rap rock song, which Lee disliked as the label forced them to add the male rapping vocal. She wrote the song after a then-acquaintance asked her if she was happy, and while in an abusive relationship at the time, she lied in response. The acquaintance seeing through her facade, as she felt she "was completely outwardly acting normal", inspired her to write the track.
The song is about "open-mindedness" and "waking up to all the things you've been missing for so long", Lee said, realizing that "for months I'd been numb, just going through the motions of life." She later confirmed that the acquaintance was Josh Hartzler, a therapist who became a close friend and she married in 2007.  "From the sparkling piano to the epic choruses, to Lee's siren call", Billboard considered "Bring Me to Life" Fallens "definitive track."

Lee wrote "Everybody's Fool" in 1999 about the lie of pop stardom life and unrealistic, over-sexualized images that warped the youth's expectations. In a VH1 interview, Lee explained that the song came about when her little sister was being influenced by such images. She said it is not about a specific person, but about a collective of the industry that promotes detrimental images and ideals of perfection while "nobody looks like that. It's all fake and it's really hurting a lot of girls' and women's self images." Songfacts stated that the song's concept "seems like it's always relevant". When asked about it in 2016, Lee said she wrote it as "an angsty teenager" about her "frustration with fakeness" that sprung at the time from all the "bubblegum pop acts" that were "put together like products" influencing young people, including her younger siblings. She said that she also acknowledged that "you never know what's going on inside anybody, no matter what they seem like", and it is a song she has "disconnected" from over the years. adding:

"My Immortal" is a piano power ballad, with fictional words written by Moody and the composition by Lee and Moody when they were 15, after which Lee also added the bridge. The version on the album was the preferred version of the label, a demo from 2000 using a MIDI keyboard, guitar and Lee's demo vocals as a teen. During the production of Fallen and prior to the release of the film Daredevil, strings were included by Daredevil composer Graeme Revell. The version for the single, used for radio and the music video, features guitar, drums and bass after the bridge and a new string arrangement by David Campbell.

"Haunted"'s production emphasizes "feeling overwhelmed by someone's obsession with you", according to Billboard, with Lee "fighting both being possessed and her desire to give in to it." "Tourniquet" is a reworked cover of Soul Embraced's "My Tourniquet", co-written by Soul Embraced guitarist and Evanescence tour drummer Rocky Gray. Gray told Lee the song was "coming from a Christian standpoint, but it's about suicide. It's from the perspective of someone who has just committed suicide and it's about the controversy in Christianity that if you commit suicide, will you go to heaven or hell?" Lee wrote the cover's melody and added the second verse.

"Imaginary" is a song from Lee and Moody's 1998 EP Evanescence, which Lee wanted as Fallen fourth single. She wrote it about feeling the need to retreat to her safe haven as a young teen. Billboard described the combination of Lee's lyrics, the piano, "crashing drums" and the Millennial Choir as painting "a picture of the heavens shooting overhead". The midtempo "Taking Over Mes lyrics are about Lee being consumed by another person's obsession with her.

Lee wrote "Hello" about her little sister who died of an illness when Lee was six years old. The song has a "chilled atmosphere", Billboard stated, and "relates, from a child's perspective, the dawning agony of realizing someone is gone forever." The lyrics of "My Last Breath" imply a struggle for emotional and physical survival. "Whisper" is originally from Lee and Moody's 1999 EP Sound Asleep. Driven by guitar and Lee's "commanding voice", it features the "booming" Millennium Choir singing in Latin, ending the album "on a foreboding note", Billboard wrote.

Fallen was regarded as nu metal, gothic rock, gothic metal, and alternative metal. Lee and Moody said they did not consider their music to be "goth", with Moody adding that he thinks the "goth" label came because the songs sound sad and people think that "sad equals dark equals Goth. It's real easy for them to throw us in that box". Moody also disliked the nu metal label, stating: "I think the only nu-metal thing about us is the fact that on one song we have rap and singing". Lee also disagreed with the nu metal tag, attributing it to the rap rock of "Bring Me to Life".

Recording
Fallen was recorded in California at Track Record Studios, NRG Recording Studios, Ocean Studios, and Conway Recording Studios, beginning at Ocean Studios in Burbank. Recorded and mixed from late August to early December 2002, the album was "built on overdubs" to supplement "the depth of production" that the music involves; "this type of record should be done to where it sounds larger than life", producer Dave Fortman said. Moody said he didn't want the album to "sound too fabricated". "I love electronics and I love digital manipulation, but I wanted to first establish us as a real rock band. We're actually playing all of those parts: The strings are real, the choirs are real, the piano is real."

Songs were recorded as demos before the recording sessions. Prior to making Fallen, they had recorded a demo of "My Immortal" at the radio station where Lee's father worked after it was empty late at night; this recording, with Lee's teen demo vocals and a MIDI keyboard, is the version used on Fallen per the label's demand, to Lee's displeasure. She stated:  Lee later said she also dislikes it because she "sounds like a little kid" and the album version of the song does not use David Campbell's orchestration. When "My Immortal" became a single, Lee and Moody chose their preferred version of the song for radio and its music video.

Jay Baumgardner lent Moody his guitar gear, including Gibson Les Paul and Gibson SG guitars,  Marshall and Mesa Boogie amp heads with an old Mesa Boogie cabinet. Moody said, "It was an old cabinet that was tried-and-true on rock records. It was a no-brainer to use it. I know it was used on Papa Roach and, I think, Staind." The guitars on the album were recorded at Mad Dog Studios in Burbank. Fortman recorded the guitars through two different amps: Marshall on one side and Mesa/Boogie on the other. "The differences tonally and with the different frequencies in the two different amps really do create a larger stereo feel", he said. He used two Shure 57 mics and ran them through Neve 1081 preamps directly to Pro Tools.

Lee's vocals, recorded on a Neumann U47 tube mic, pianos and the background vocals by the Millennium Choir were recorded at NRG Recording Studios. The string arrangements were done by David Campbell and David Hodges except for "My Immortal", which had strings added by composer Graeme Revell for the song's inclusion in the Daredevil soundtrack. As opposed to a synthesized version, Campbell contributed orchestral strings, which was an "expense" Lee fought for. A 22-piece string section was recorded in Seattle, and later mixed at the Newman Scoring Stage and Bolero Studios in Los Angeles. To record the 12-member Millennium Choir's voices, Fortman ran a stereo pair of U67s and their voices were then doubled or tripled for a larger sound. In the bridge of "Imaginary", Fortman said "there are probably 70-plus people performing at that moment", including "the choir that's been doubled, a string orchestra with 22 players doubled, then you add all of the bandmembers, and it's huge."

Drum tracks were recorded at Ocean Studios, with Josh Freese playing on selected songs to a click track, stereo guitars and vocals. Fortman recorded Fresse's drums with C12As for overheads, Audio-Technica ATM25s on the toms, a D112 on the inside of the kick drum, a U47 on the outside, and an NS-10 speaker as an outside mic. He also used 414 microphones on the ride and hi-hat cymbals. He recorded the drums on two-inch tape on a Studer recorder, and bounced the tracks in Pro Tools.

Fallen was mixed over a two-week period at Conway Recording Studios in North Hollywood, and mastered by Ted Jensen at Sterling Sound in New York City.

Regarding Hodges' involvement in Fallen and his exit from Evanescence thereafter, Moody stated:  In another interview, he said that Hodges mostly contributed string arrangements on the album.

Release and tour

"Bring Me to Life" and "My Immortal" first appeared in the film Daredevil and were included on the film's soundtrack, released in February 2003. Fallen was released on March 4, 2003.

Fallen was initially promoted by the label in the Christian market. Lee and Moody publicly made it clear in an April 2003 interview that they were not a Christian band and did not want to be associated with Christian rock. Moody's comments against being in the Christian market immediately prompted Wind-up Records chairman Alan Meltzer to send a letter to Christian radio and retail outlets explaining that despite the "spiritual underpinning that ignited interest and excitement in the Christian religious community", Evanescence were "a secular band, and as such view their music as entertainment" and the label then "strongly feels that they no longer belong in Christian retail outlets." Wind-up formally requested the recall of Fallen from Christian retailers and radio stations. After receiving the letter, many Christian radio stations pulled Fallen songs from their playlists.

Rolling Stone stated in April 2003 that while Wind-up had no official Christian affiliation, they had been marketing their bands "to both the Christian and mainstream music market." Wind-Up "began courting the Christian music market more than a year ago, making its first foray with 12 Stones' self-titled 2002 debut. Hooking up with powerhouse Christian music distributor Provident ... Wind-Up attempted to tap into a segment that generated sales of more than 50 million albums in 2002". Terry Hemmings, CEO of Provident, said that the decision to recall Evanescence's album likely would not hurt Wind-up's image in the Christian market, and that he was puzzled by the band's about-face, saying: "They clearly understood the album would be sold in these  channels." Meltzer claimed their decision to promote Evanescence in the Christian market was made with the band's consent. Lee said that she had always opposed the promotion in the Christian market and the "Christian band" identification from the beginning, while Moody had supported it. Moody had misrepresented Evanescence in the past, talking about his religious beliefs as Evanescence's. The label had wanted to use the Christian market promotion as a marketing tool for the band, which she had opposed, stating that "it was an important fight to me because it felt false. That wasn't really what our music was. And I felt like they were selling somebody something that wasn't true." She noted that Evanescence "has never been a Christian band" and lyrically never had a religious affiliation.

On April 7, 2003, "Bring Me to Life" was released as the album's first single. Wind-up Records president Ed Vetri revealed that when the label introduced the song to radio, radio programmers rejected it, saying, "A chick and a piano? Are you kidding? On rock radio?" Some program directors would hear the female voice and piano at the start of the song and turn it off without listening to the rest of the song. A female voice on rock radio was a rarity, and the song was considered for airplay only after there was a male vocal on it. After the song was released on the Daredevil soundtrack, a grassroots fanbase grew and listeners began requesting air play for it, compelling radio stations to reconsider the band. On the worldwide success of the song, Lee said:

After the album's completion, Evanescence's touring lineup was hired, including guitarist John LeCompt, drummer Rocky Gray, and bassist Will Boyd. Evanescence performed on radio shows and on the festival circuit for weeks in early 2003. They embarked on their first headlining tour from April to May in the US. In June, they had to cancel shows in Germany due to Moody reportedly falling ill. That month, they accepted an offer from the video game company Nintendo to perform on the Nintendo Fusion Tour, which they headlined beginning on August 4, 2003. In an August 2003 interview, Moody said that Evanescence is "just Amy and I, and I want to keep it that way", adding that their process together is what works.

Moody left the band mid-tour in October 2003. Guitarist Terry Balsamo replaced him on tour and as Evanescence's lead guitarist. The band played some shows with Korn in Europe, with Evanescence originally set to headline however Lee wanted Korn to headline instead. Evanescence filmed a Paris concert of the Fallen tour for their first live album and concert DVD, Anywhere but Home (2004).

Critical reception

Fallen received generally positive reviews from music critics. Johnny Loftus of AllMusic wrote that the album "does include flashes of the single's PG-rated nu-metal ('Everybody's Fool,' 'Going Under'). But it's the symphonic goth rock of groups like Type O Negative that influences most of Fallen." Entertainment Weekly, graded the album B-minus: "The genre now too old to be called nü-metal isn't exactly overflowing with spine-tinglingly great vocalists – let alone female ones. Amy Lee, lead singer of gloomy Arkansas rockers Evanescence, is an exception." Kirk Miller of Rolling Stone said that "when vocalist Amy Lee croons about lying 'in my field of paper flowers' or 'pouring crimson regret,' she gives Fallen a creepy spiritual tinge that the new-metal boys lack."

Billboards Christa Titus called the album a "highly polished, hook-filled affair." Melissa Maerz of Spin gave it four out of five stars: "Nu metal gets a powdering of Andrew Lloyd Webber theatrics as Lee aces her piano A-levels, adds a string section, and tackles capital letter issues – God ('Tourniquet'), Love ('Going Under'), and Death ('Bring Me To Life') – with the grandeur they deserve." Adrien Begrand of PopMatters opined that the album "has a small handful of transcendent moments, but a complete lack of musical adventurousness has the band mucking around either in stultifying nu-metal riffage, pretentious high school journal caterwauling, or even worse, both." Begrand praised Lee's "soaring, enchanting, angelic" voice, writing that "Evanescence would be nothing" without her. Christopher Gray of the Austin Chronicle found the album to be "a little too by the numbers to fully capitalize on Lee's obvious talents." According to Village Voice critic Robert Christgau, "Their faith, as embodied in Amy Lee's clarion sopralto , lends their goth-metal a palpable sweetness". He jokingly concluded, "Now if only it wasn't goth-metal at all." In 2017, Rolling Stone ranked Fallen number 99 on their list of "The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time", calling it an "unlikely classic" with "a horror-movie-level ambience that was as chilling as it was campy".

Commercial performance
Fallen has sold more than 17 million units worldwide, with 10 million in the US, since its 2003 release. The album debuted at number seven on the Billboard 200, with more than 141,000 copies sold in its first week, Fallen was the eighth-bestselling album of 2004 and the nineteenth-bestselling album of the 2000s. By October 2011 the album had spent 106 weeks on the Billboard 200, with 58 of those weeks in the top 20. Peaking at number three on June 14, 2003, it re-entered the chart at number 192 on March 13, 2010. Fallen spent 223 weeks on the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart after it fell off the Billboard 200. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified the album platinum in April 2003 and 4x platinum in January 2004; in November 2022, it was certified diamond for 10 million units sold in the US.

On the UK Albums Chart, Fallen debuted at number 18 with sales of 15,589 copies. The album reached number one (with 38,570 copies sold) seven weeks later, after "Bring Me to Life" topped the UK Singles Chart. It sold 56,193 copies in December 2003, its highest week of sales (although it was number 28 on the chart that week). Fallen spent 33 weeks in the top 20 and 60 weeks in the top 75. It re-entered the UK chart at number 35 the week after the release of Evanescence's second studio album, The Open Door. Fallen also topped the charts in more than ten other countries and reached the top ten in over 20 countries. According to Nielsen SoundScan figures, after more than three months in the top 10 of the Canadian Albums Chart Fallen peaked at number one on August 13, 2003 with sales of 8,900 copies.

Track listing

20th Anniversary Edition

20th Anniversary Bonus Cassette

Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Fallen.

Evanescence
 Amy Lee – vocals, choral arrangements, piano, keyboards
 Ben Moody – guitars, tribal percussion, programming
 David Hodges – piano, keyboards, additional programming; string arrangements

Additional musicians
 Francesco DiCosmo – bass
 Josh Freese – drums
 David Campbell – string arrangements
 Graeme Revell – string arrangements
 Zac Baird – additional programming
 Chris Johnson – additional programming
 Millenium choir – background choir: Beverly Allen, Geri Allen, Eric Castro, Melanie Jackson, Karen Matranga, Joanne Paratore, Lesley Paton, Dwight Stone, Rick Stubbs, Talaya Trigueros, Susan Youngblood
 Paul McCoy – guest vocals

Technical

 Dave Fortman – production ; mixing
 Jay Baumgardner – mixing
 Ben Moody – production ; additional Pro Tools engineering
 Jeremy Parker – engineering
 Ted Jensen – mastering
 Jason Cupp – engineering assistance
 Dean Nelson – engineering assistance
 Ai Fujisaki – engineering assistance
 Sergio Chavez – engineering assistance
 Sam Storey – engineering assistance
 Mark Curry – strings recording, strings mixing
 John Rodd – strings recording
 Bill Talbott – strings engineering

Artwork
 Ed Sherman – art direction
 Frank Veronsky – photography

Charts

Weekly charts

Monthly charts

Decade-end charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

Release history

Notes

References

External links

2003 debut albums
Albums produced by Dave Fortman
Epic Records albums
Evanescence albums
Gothic metal albums by American artists
Wind-up Records albums

Fallen (Evanescence album)


Bağlama ailesi, Türk halk müziğinin mızraplı çalgılarından oluşur. Bağlama, cura, divan sazı, bozuk, çöğür, iki telli, tanbura ve meydan sazı, bağlama ailesinin başlıca çalgılarıdır.

Bağlamanın atası, Orta Asya kökenli bir çalgı olan kopuzdur. Kopuz zamanla biçim değiştirmiş, bağlama dediğimiz çalgı ortaya çıkmıştır. Anadolu'da daha da geliştirilen bağlama tekne ve sap olarak adlandırılan iki ana parçadan oluşur. Tekne, yarım armut biçiminde yapılır ve üstüne çok ince bir tahtadan göğüs geçirilir. Teknenin gittikçe incelen uç bölümü de sapa bağlanır. Tekne ile göğsün birleştiği alt bölüme, küçük bir yükselti eklenir. Alt eşik adı verilen bu yükseltiye bağlanan teller göğüs üzerinde, orta eşik adı verilen ve istendiği zaman yerinden oynatılabilen bir yükseltinin üzerinden geçer. Perdelerin bağlandığı sapın ucundaki burguluk üzerine açılan deliklere takılan burgulara da tellerin öteki ucu bağlanır. Burgularla teller gerilerek ya da gevşetilerek çalgı akort edilir. Sapın burgulukla birleştiği yerde bulunan sabit üst eşik, tellerin burgulara düzenli bir biçimde dağılmasını sağlar, bulunur. Bağlamalarda genellikle üç çift tel bulunur. Üçer üçer kümelenmiş dokuz telden oluşan bağlamalar da vardır. Bağlama kiraz ağacı kabuğundan ya da plastikten yapılan küçük bir mızrap (tezene) ile  çalınır. Bağlama ailesinde bağlamaya çok benzeyen iki çalgı daha vardır. Bunlardan divan sazı bağlamadan büyük, cura ise küçüktür.

Bağlama ailesinden meydan sazı, divan sazından daha büyüktür. Tellerinin çokluğu yüzünden "on iki telli" olarak da bilinir. Çöğür, tarihsel olarak kopuzla bağlama arasında bir geçiş sazıdır. Günümüzde kullanılmayan bir çalgıdır. Eski bir çalgı olan iki telli, bağlamadan biraz küçüktür ve Anadolu ile Balkanlar'da da kullanılmıştır. İki teli olduğu için bu adla anılmıştır. Tanbura ise bağlamadan biraz küçük altı telli bir çalgıdır. Bozuk da bu ailenin üyelerindendir. Boy, tel sayısı ve perde düzeni bakımından bağlamaya çok benzer. Yunanistan'da buzuki adıyla tanınmış ve benimsenmiştir. Daha çok Toros Yörüklerinin kullandığı bulgari de cura büyüklüğünde bir çalgıdır. Bulgari dört tellidir, ama iki telli olanları da vardır.

Kaynakça

Bağlama ailesi


Fettuccine Alfredo () or fettuccine al burro ("fettuccine with butter") is an Italian pasta dish of fresh fettuccine tossed with butter and parmesan (). As the cheese melts, it emulsifies the liquids to form a smooth and rich cheese sauce coating the pasta. The dish is named after Alfredo Di Lelio, who featured the dish at his restaurant in Rome in the early to mid-20th century; the "ceremony" of preparing it tableside was an integral part of the dish.

The dish became widespread and eventually spread to the United States, where it remains popular. The recipe has changed, and its commercialized version—with heavy cream and other ingredients—is now ubiquitous. In the U.S., it is often served as a main course, sometimes garnished with chicken or other ingredients. In Italy, meanwhile, fettuccine al burro is generally considered home cooking, and fettuccine Alfredo is widely scoffed at by Italian writers.

History
Serving fettuccine with butter and cheese was first mentioned in a 15th-century recipe for maccaroni romaneschi ("Roman pasta") by Martino da Como, a northern Italian cook active in Rome; the recipe calls for cooking the pasta in broth or water and adding butter, "good cheese" (the variety is not specified) and "sweet spices".

Modern fettuccine Alfredo was invented by Alfredo Di Lelio in Rome. According to family accounts, in 1892 Alfredo Di Lelio began to work in a restaurant that was located in piazza Rosa and run by his mother Angelina. Di Lelio invented "fettuccine al triplo burro" (later named "fettuccine all'Alfredo" or "fettuccine Alfredo") in 1907 or 1908 in an effort to entice his wife, Ines, to eat after giving birth to their first child Armando. Alfredo added extra butter or triplo burro to the fettuccine when mixing it together for her. Piazza Rosa disappeared in 1910 following the construction of the Galleria Colonna/Sordi, and the restaurant was forced to close. Di Lelio later opened his own restaurant, Alfredo alla Scrofa, then called "Alfredo", in 1914 on the via della Scrofa in central Rome.

The fame of Alfredo's fettuccine spread, first in Rome and then to other countries. Di Lelio was made a Cavaliere dell'Ordine della Corona d'Italia.

In 1943, during the war, Di Lelio sold the restaurant to two of his waiters. In 1950, with his son Armando, Alfredo Di Lelio opened a new restaurant in piazza Augusto Imperatore, Alfredo all'Augusteo, now managed by his niece Ines Di Lelio, bringing along the famous "gold cutlery" said to have been donated in 1927 by the American actors Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks in gratitude for Alfredo's hospitality. The two restaurants competed vigorously, with escalating puffery: "the king of fettuccine", "the real king of fettuccine", "the magician of fettuccine", "the emperor of fettuccine", "the real Alfredo", etc.

Preparation

The dish was so well known that Di Lelio was invited to demonstrate it both in Italy and abroad. The fame of the dish, called on Alfredo's menus maestosissime fettuccine all'Alfredo ("most majestic fettuccine, Alfredo style"), comes largely from the "spectacle reminiscent of grand opera" of its preparation at table, as described in 1967:
[The fettuccine] are seasoned with plenty of butter and fat parmesan, not aged, so that, in a ritual of extraordinary theatricality, the owner mixes the pasta and lifts it high to serve it, the white threads of cheese gilded with butter and the bright yellow of the ribbons of egg pasta offering an eyeful for the customer; at the end of the ceremony, the guest of honor is presented the golden cutlery and the serving dish, where the blond fettuccine roll around in the pale gold of the seasonings. It's worth seeing the whole ceremony. The owner, son of old Alfredo and looking exactly like him, ... bends over the great skein of fettuccine, fixes it intensely, his eyes half-closed, and dives into mixing it, waving the golden cutlery with grand gestures, like an orchestra conductor, with his sinister upwards-pointing twirled moustache dancing up and down, pinkies in the air, a rapt gaze, flailing elbows.

Recipes attributed to Di Lelio only include three ingredients: fettuccine, young Parmesan cheese and butter. Yet there are various legends about the "secret" of the original Alfredo recipe: some say oil is added to the pasta dough, others that the noodles are cooked in milk.

Fettuccine Alfredo, minus the spectacle, has now become ubiquitous in Italian-style restaurants outside Italy, although in Italy this dish is usually called simply "fettuccine al burro".

In the United States

Alfredo's fettuccine has long been popular with Americans. By 1922, it was already being reported on by American travelers. Multiple magazine articles and guidebooks in the 1920s and 1930s extolled Alfredo's noodles. In 1927, Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks supposedly dined at Alfredo's and gave him the famous gold fork and spoon. Also in 1927, the American restaurateur and writer George Rector wrote up Alfredo's fettuccine and described the ceremony of its tableside preparation, accompanied by violin music, in detail; he did not give it a specific name, nor mention golden tableware.

In the 1950s, Di Lelio promoted the dish and his restaurant by creating a photo gallery of visiting celebrities with his noodles, including Jimmy Stewart, Bob Hope, Anthony Quinn, Bing Crosby, Gary Cooper, Jack Lemmon, Ava Gardner, Tyrone Power, Sophia Loren, Cantinflas and many others.

In 1966, the Pennsylvania Dutch Noodle Company started marketing their dried "Fettuccine Egg Noodles", which included a recipe on the package for an Alfredo sauce including cream and Swiss cheese as well as Parmesan and butter.

The American restaurant casual dining chain Olive Garden has popularized its versions of fettuccine Alfredo, which may be combined with chicken, shrimp or other foods to make main courses called "chicken Alfredo", "seafood Alfredo", etc. Given the strict separation of pasta and meat dishes in the usual Italian restaurant cuisine, this was never done by Di Lelio. Olive Garden's recipe also includes cream and garlic.

Alfredo sauce
Alfredo sauce is often sold as a convenience food in grocery stores in many countries. Unlike the original preparation, which is thickened only by cheese, the prepared food and fast food versions of Alfredo may be thickened with eggs or starch.

In 2020, the Alfredo alla Scrofa restaurant began offering its own bottled version of Salsa Alfredo, promoted as using only the highest quality ingredients. It contains Parmesan (43%), water, butter, rice flour, and sunflower seed oil, and no cream.

See also

 List of foods named after people
 List of pasta dishes

References

Sources

External links

Cuisine of Lazio
Pasta dishes
Table-cooked dishes

Fettuccine Alfredo


جوجيرو ماتسودا كان رجل أعمال ياباني ومؤسس شركة مازدا للسيارات. ولد في الثامن من أغسطس عام 1875 في مدينة هيروشيما اليابانية وتوفي عام 1952 في مسقط رأسه.

سيرة ذاتية
ولد جوجيرو ماتسودا في هيروشيما، كان والده يعمل في الصيد. في سن الرابعة عشر تدرب في محل حدادة في مدينة أوساكا حيث بدأ شغفه بالآلات، وبعد فترة تولى زمام الإدارة وغير اسم الورشة لتحمل اسمه، إلا أنه أُجبر على الخروج من الشركة، ليبدأ بعدها في إطلاق شركة تصنيع للمعدات العسكرية والتي حملت اسمه أيضًا، وقد بدأت بحصد ثمارها عندما طُلب منها تزويد روسيا القيصرية بالمعدات وكذلك تصنيع بندقية أريساكا نوع 99 (باليابانية: 九九式短小銃, Kyūkyū-shiki tan-shōjū) للجيش الإمبراطوري الياباني.

بحلول عام 1921، كان ماتسودا كان قد جمع كبيرًا من المال من أعماله السابقة، ليقرر العودة إلى مسقط رأسه هيروشيما حيث تم دعوته لإدارة شركة لتصنيع الفلين وهي شركة تويو كوجيو للفلين المحدودة (باليابانية: 東洋コルク工業株式会社, Tōyō Koruku Kōgyō Kabushiki Gaisha)، والتي كانت قد وضعت بعد الحرب العالمية الأولى تحت الحراسة القضائية بسبب عدم دفع أموال الدائنين المستحقة وذلك بسبب نقص الأعمال بسبب نقص الاهتمام بالفلين في فترة ما بعد الحرب. وبسبب ذلك، قرر ماتسودا إحياء الشركة من جديد عبر تصنيع الأدوات والآلات، وفي سنة 1931 قدمت الشركة ما كان يُعرف بـ «مازدا-جو» (باليابانية: マツダ号) وهي دراجة ثلاثية العجلات، ثم انصب اهتمامها على تطوير محركات المركبات.

مع انفجار قنبلة هيروشيما في السادس من أغسطس 1945، تعرض المقر الرئيسي لشركة تويو كوجيو لدمار كبير.

توفى ماتسودا في السابع والعشرين من مارس لعام 1952. وبسبب إسهاماته في محافظة هيروشيما، فقد نُصِب تمثال له في سنة 1965 في حديقة هيجيياما في حي مينامي-كو.

بعد وفاته، تبعه صهره بالتبني تسونيجي ماتسودا كرئيس لشركة تويو كوجيو وشهدت تلك الفترة زيادة في الاهتمام بقسم السيارات، وفي سنة 1979 اشترت شركة فورد حصة 25% من أسهم الشركة، وقد أدى التحالف مع فورد إلى تصفية الأسهم المملوكة لعائلة ماتسودا وتغيير اسم الشركة إلى شركة مازدا للسيارات في سنة 1984.

مراجع

أشخاص من هيروشيما
أصحاب أعمال يابانيون
رواد السيارات
مازدا
مواليد 1875
مواليد في هيروشيما
وفيات 1952
وفيات في هيروشيما

جوجيرو ماتسودا


نيوبورت كونتي  هو نادي كرة قدم ويلزي، يقع في نيوبورت، تأسس في 1912، يلعب في دوري الهواة في الجنوب.

مراجع

أندية دوري البطولة الإنجليزية
أندية كرة قدم انحلت في 1989
أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1912
أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1989
أندية كرة قدم في نيوبورت
أندية كرة قدم في ويلز
انحلالات سنة 1989 في المملكة المتحدة
تأسيسات سنة 1912 في ويلز
تأسيسات سنة 1989 في المملكة المتحدة
منظمات مقرها في نيوبورت

نيوبورت كونتي


François de Bonne de Lesdiguières (født 1. april 1543, død 21. september 1626) var en fransk hærfører, som blev generalmarskal (Maréchal général des camps et armées du roi) og Connétable de France.

François de Bonne, hertug af Lesdiguières tilhørte en notarfamilie og begyndte med at studere jura, men han blev snart træt af dette og blev som 19 årig soldat. Året efter gik han over til den huguenottiske religion. Under de følgende religionskrige kæmpede han stadig på huguenottisk side; ved sin store tapperhed og dygtighed tjente han sig op til forestillingerne og viste da også i disse store evner. Siden blev han guvernør i Dauphiné, hvor han anførte franskmændene under kampene mod Savoyen og Spanien. Han var nøje knyttet til Henrik IV, og han udnævntes af ham i 1609 til marskal; siden blev han i 1611 hertug, og som en af huguenotternes mest ansete mænd virkede han nu for, at de skulle stille sig fredelig over for regeringen. I 1621 blev han generalmarskal. Da det dog kom til kamp, gik han i 1622 over til katolicismen, hvorpå han blev Connétable, modtog Helligåndsordenen og i nogen tid førte de kongelige hære mod sine tidligere trosfæller.

Kilder
 Munch. P.:

Hertuger fra Frankrig
Huguenotter
Franskmænd i 1500-tallet
Franskmænd i 1600-tallet
Generalmarskaller af Frankrig
Personer der er konverteret

François de Bonne de Lesdiguières


Helloween je debitantski EP istoimenog njemačkog power metal sastava. EP je objavljen u travnju 1985. godine, a objavila ga je diskografska kuća Noise Records.

Iako je album više speed metal nego power metal, album je značajan kao prvi pokušaj grupe u stvaranju jedinstvenog power metal zvuka koji će kasnije redefinirati power metal žanr. Helloween je pri kraju iste godine objavio prvi studijski album, Walls of Jericho.

Popis pjesama

Zasluge
Helloween
Kai Hansen – vokali, gitara
Michael Weikath – gitara
Markus Grosskopf – bas-gitara
Ingo Schwichtenberg – bubnjevi
Dodatni glazbenici
Harris Johns - đavolji smijeh (na pjesmi 4)
Ostalo osoblje
Uwe Karczewski - omot albuma
 Harris "I Don't Know" Johns - inženjer zvuka, miksanje

Izvori

Albumi sastava Helloween
Albumi iz 1985.

Helloween (EP)


Constantin Ion Parhon (15. oktober 1874 – 9. august 1969) var en rumænsk neurolog, endokrinolog og politiker, han var den første præsident for den Socialistiske Republik Rumænien fra 1947 til 1952. Parhon var formand for Psykiater og naturforskere samfundet i Iaşi, hospital direktør, professor, og direktør for medicinske institutter.

Eksterne henvisninger

Rumæniens præsidenter
Politikere fra Rumænien

Constantin Parhon


Un système de gestion intégrée du lieu de travail, en anglais Integrated Workplace Management System ou IWMS, est une plateforme logicielle qui aide les organisations à optimiser l'utilisation des ressources du lieu de travail, y compris la gestion du portefeuille immobilier, de l'infrastructure et des installations d'une entreprise. Les solutions IWMS sont généralement proposées sous la forme d'une suite entièrement intégrée ou de modules individuels qui peuvent être adaptés au fil du temps. Traditionnellement axées sur le soutien aux professionnels de l'immobilier et des installations, les solutions IWMS le sont de plus en plus sur les employés, élargissant leurs points de contact pour inclure tous les occupants et visiteurs des bâtiments.

Modules principaux

Gestion immobilière (Real Estate Management)
Ce module concerne les activités associées à l'acquisition et la location, la gestion financière et la disposition des biens immobiliers d'une organisation. Les fonctions courantes de l'IWMS qui soutiennent la gestion immobilière comprennent la gestion du portefeuille, la gestion fiscale, la gestion, l'analyse et la comptabilité des baux, le profit and loss, la planification stratégique (projets d'investissement et gestion des budgets), la gestion des transactions et l'analyse des demandes de propositions (RFP).

Gestion de l'espace et du lieu de travail (Space and Workplace Management)
Ce module inclut la gestion des espaces de travail (organisation, occupation et réservations des espaces, déménagements) ainsi que des postes de travail (occupation et réservation des postes de travail). Généralement basé sur l'intégration de plans 2D ou 3D, il peut aussi inclure la gestion des remontées de données de capteurs (compteur de personnes, capteur de présence, relevés de température, etc.) et s'intégrer avec le module de gestion de la maintenance.

Gestion des équipements et de la maintenance (Asset and Maintenance Management)
La gestion de maintenance inclut plusieurs types de maintenance :

 Maintenance corrective (ou réactive) : il s'agit des interventions faisant suite à un incident ou à une demande d'intervention.
 Maintenance planifiée : se basant sur une gamme de maintenance, la maintenance planifiée définit les activités de maintenance selon une fréquence donnée.
 Maintenance conditionnelle : les activités de maintenance conditionnelle sont planifiées selon l'état d'un équipement (machine) ou d'un élément structurel (mur, toit, etc.) en se basant sur une durée de vie. Les inspections peuvent changer cet état et donc influer sur la date à laquelle l'activité de maintenance doit être effectuée.
 juste-à-temps : grâce à l'Internet des objets, il est possible de savoir exactement l'état d'un équipement en temps réel et donc d'anticiper une activité de maintenance pour qu'elle soit effectuée au moment idoine. Cette méthode est plus efficace que les autres méthodes car elle ne souffre d'aucun retard (par rapport à la maintenance corrective) et n'est pas effectuée alors que l'équipement n'est pas encore en mauvais état (maintenance planifiée), et est moins coûteuse, puisque seule l'action générée aura un coût, au contraire de la maintenance planifiée (plusieurs activités de contrôle régulières) et de la maintenance conditionnelle (dépend des inspections).
Toutes ces actions de maintenance peuvent être gérées soit par des équipes internes à l'organisation soit par des prestataires, auquel cas, chaque activité ainsi que son coût (forfait ou pas) est détaillé dans un contrat de service entre l'organisation et le prestataire. Ces activités, même si elles sont effectuées par des opérateurs externes, peuvent être, selon la solution, pilotées et validées dans l'IWMS. Il existe aussi des applications mobiles destinées aux techniciens, internes ou externes, selon le fournisseur.

Gestion des services intégrés (Integrated Services Management)
Ce module n'est pas inclus dans tous les système de gestion intégrée du lieu de travail. Il correspond généralement à la mise d'un portail de service à la disposition des clients de l'organisation, afin que ceux-ci puisse faire des demandes d'intervention, des réservations de salle de réunion ou de poste de travail, ou proposer des contenus organisationnels ou externes.

Gestion de la durabilité et des énergies (Sustainability and energy management)
Ce module, arrivé sur le tard, a vocation à contrôler ses consommations énergétiques et à établir des stratégies pour les diminuer et diminuer leur coût.

Analystes indépendants du marché de l'IWMS
Depuis 2004, le marché de l'IWMS a fait l'objet de rapports de la part de Société de conseil cabinets d'analystes indépendants : Gartner, Verdantix IWMSconnect et IWMSNews.

Notes et références

Progiciel
Immobilier

IWMS


este o vale vulcanică cu emanații active de sulf și cu izvoare termale în Hakone, Prefectura Kanagawa, Japonia. Aceasta a fost creată acum aproximativ 3000 de ani, ca urmare a exploziei vulcanului Hakone.

Valea este o destinație turistică foarte populară pentru peisajele sale pitorești, activitatea vulcanică și  — o specialitate locală de ouă fierte tari în izvoarele termale. În timpul fierberii, coaja ouălor își schimbă culoarea în negru și mirosul ouălor devine ușor sulfuric. Consumul unui astfel de ou, se spune, prelungește viața cu șapte ani.

Văzând peisajul parcă din infern atunci când Kobo Daishi vizitat Owakudani cu mai mult de o mie de ani în urmă, acesta a oferit rugăciune către Bodhisattva. Se spune că Enmei-jizo din Owakudani își are originea în această rugăciune.

Acces
Accesul spre Ōwakudani se face prin intermediul funitelului Hakone (stația Ōwakudani) sau cu autobuzul de la gara Odawara, gara Hakone-Yumoto, gara Kowakidani / Kojiri, sau stația de autobuz Izuhakone din Ōwakudani. Există și un drum spre un centru de vizitare puțin mai jos față de locul în care se fierb ouăle Kuro-tamago.

Cei mai mulți vizitatori urcau pe jos traseul de aproximativ 1 km, dar acest drum a fost închis din 2015 din cauza la intensificării activității vulcanice. Acum se folosește mai mult funicularul Hakone pentru a ajunge la izovrul în care se fierb ouăle pentru a participa la ritualul de mâncat Kuro-tamago. Din funitel se pot observa foarte bine Muntele Fuji (în acele zile în care atmosfera nu este foarte încărcată) și gurile de sulf de sub centrul de vizitare.

Activitatea care are loc astăzi în preajma gurilor de sulf sunt rezultatul unor alunecări de teren masive din trecut. Construirea de bariere de beton și lucrările de stabilizare a zonei se desfășoară de zeci de ani.

Închidere
Situl turistic din Ōwakudani a fost închis în mai 2015, ca urmare a intensificării activității vulcanice. A fost redeschis anul următor, pe 27 aprilie 2016, dar nu în întregime, deoarece nu există posibilitatea aproprierii de gurile de abur din cauza pericolului pe care acestea îl prezintă. Persoanele cu astm, bronșită, boli de inimă, stimulatoare cardiace și femeile gravide sunt sfătuite să nu viziteze valea din cauza de activității vulcanice ridicate.

Referințe

Pagini cu citări cu argumente redundante
Izvoare termale din Japonia
Turism în Japonia

Ōwakudani


The Kindness of Strangers er en dansk spillefilm fra 2019 instrueret af Lone Scherfig.

Medvirkende
 Zoe Kazan som Clara
 Tahar Rahim som Marc
 Andrea Riseborough som Alice
 Caleb Landry Jones som Jeff
 Jack Fulton som Anthony
 Jay Baruchel som John Peter
 Bill Nighy som Timofey
 Esben Smed som Richard
 David Dencik som Lars
 Finlay Wojtak-Hissong som Jude

Eksterne henvisninger

Spillefilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2019

The Kindness of Strangers


RW or rw may refer to:

In arts and entertainment
 The Real World (TV series), an American reality television show
 Road Wild, a World Championship Wrestling pay-per-view event
 Robbie Williams, a British pop star
 Robin Williams, an American actor
 Roger Waters, British musician
 Robot Wars (disambiguation)

In mathematics, science and technology

In computing
 Read-write access to files or directories, in file system permissions
 Read-write memory
 Rewritable media
 RenderWare, a 3-D rendering engine produced by Criterion Software

Other uses in mathematics, science, and technology
 Random walk, a mathematical process that can be used to explain phenomena in several disciplines
 Reaction wheel, a type of flywheel used primarily by spacecraft for attitude control
 Robertson–Walker metric, in cosmology
 Robin Wight, botanist, noted as R.W.
 RW is the designation for the 15th variable star named in a constellation:
 RW Andromedae, a Mira variable located in the constellation Andromeda
 RW Cephei, an orange hypergiant located in the constellation Cepheus
 RW Cygni, a red supergiant located in the constellation Cygnus
 RW Ursae Minoris, a recurrent nova located in the constellation Ursa Minor
 Right of way may be referred to in civil engineering and drafting contexts as R/W or RW

Other uses
 Racewalking
 Real world, another term for reality in several contexts
 For other uses of "real world" see Real world (disambiguation)
 Respondent witness, in law
 Right-wing, one of the winger positions in sport
 Right-wing politics
 Rosewood, a type of wood used for guitar fingerboards
 Rukun warga, an administrative division of Indonesia
 Rwanda (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code)
 .rw, country code top level domain (ccTLD) for Rwanda
 Kinyarwanda, a language in Rwanda (ISO 639 alpha-2 code)
 Republic Airlines (IATA airline designator)
 Royal Wings, a Jordanian airline

RW


Dicranum fulvum (Braungelbes Gabelzahnmoos) ist eine Laubmoos-Art aus der Familie Dicranaceae.

Merkmale
Die Art bildet lockere bis mäßig dichte, dunkelgrüne oder gelblich- bis braungrüne Rasen. Die bis 5 Zentimeter großen Pflanzen sind mäßig rhizoidfilzig. Die aufrecht abstehenden bis schwach sichelförmigen Blätter sind lanzettlich und in eine röhrenförmige Pfriemenspitze auslaufend, weit herab gezähnt und brüchig. Die lang austretende Rippe nimmt am Blattgrund etwa ein Drittel der Blattbreite ein; im Querschnitt weist sie zwei Stereidenbänder auf. Blattflügelzellen sind deutlich ausgeprägt. Die Laminazellen sind oben quadratisch bis kurz rechteckig und teils zweischichtig, an der Blattbasis etwas verlängert. Sporophyten werden nur sehr selten gebildet. Die Kapsel auf der gelblichen Seta ist aufrecht, länglich zylindrisch und trocken gefurcht.

Verbreitung und Standortansprüche
Die Verbreitung ist subkontinental-montan. Die europäischen Vorkommen liegen schwerpunktmäßig in Mitteleuropa, hier vor allem in den Mittelgebirgen, in den Alpen und im Alpenvorland; im Flachland kommt die Art nur sehr vereinzelt vor. Auf den Britischen Inseln und auf Island fehlt sie. Außerhalb von Europa gibt es noch Vorkommen in Asien und Nordamerika.

Das kalkmeidende Moos wächst meist auf Silikatgestein, nur selten auf Baumborke. Die Standorte befinden sich gewöhnlich in Wäldern an schattigen bis ziemlich sonnigen, trockenen, aber luftfeuchten Stellen. Oft ist es vergesellschaftet mit Dicranum scoparium, Grimmia hartmanii, Hedwigia ciliata, Hypnum cupressiforme oder Paraleucobryum longifolium.

Literatur
 Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey: Moosflora (= UTB. 1250). 4., neubearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5.
 Martin Nebel, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): Die Moose Baden-Württembergs. Band 1: Allgemeiner Teil, spezieller Teil (Bryophytina I, Andreaeales bis Funariales). Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3527-2

Weblinks

 Dicranum fulvum in Moose-Deutschland

Dicranaceae (Familie)
Dicranaceae

Dicranum fulvum


Asarum is a genus of plants in the birthwort family Aristolochiaceae, commonly known as wild ginger.

Asarum is the genitive plural of the Latin āsa (an alternate form of āra) meaning altar or sanctuary.

Description
Asarum is a genus of low-growing herbs distributed across the temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, with most species in East Asia (China, Japan, and Vietnam) and North America, and one species in Europe. Biogeographically, Asarum originated in Asia.

They have characteristic kidney-shaped leaves, growing from creeping rhizomes, and bear small, axillary, brown or reddish flowers.

The plant is called wild ginger because the rhizome tastes and smells similar to ginger root, but the two are not particularly related. The FDA warns against consuming Asarum, as it is nephrotoxic and contains the potent carcinogen aristolochic acid.
 The birthwort family also contains the genus Aristolochia, known for carcinogens.

Wild ginger favors moist, shaded sites with humus-rich soil.  The deciduous, heart-shaped leaves are opposite, and borne from the rhizome which lies just under the soil surface.  Two leaves emerge each year from the growing tip.  The curious jug-shaped flowers, which give the plant an alternate name, little jug, are borne singly in spring between the leaf bases.

Wild ginger can easily be grown in a shade garden, and makes an attractive groundcover.

Taxonomy
Traditionally, the genus Asarum was considered as a single genus with about 85 species. However, a trend exists among some botanists to segregate the genus into separate genera, based on considerations of chromosome number and floral morphology:
 Asarum sensu stricto (about 17 species), distributed in Asia (mainly China), North America, and Europe
 Heterotropa (about 50 species), distributed in Asia
 Asiasarum (three or four species), distributed in Asia
 Geotaenium (three or four species), distributed in Asia
 Hexastylis  (ten species), distributed in North America

Study of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, combined with morphological data, has yielded a better-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis,  supporting a recognition of two subgenera, Asarum and Heterotropa each containing two sections, rather than the segregated genera above.

Asarum sensu stricto (s.s.) : the North American species are monophyletic and are derived from within the paraphyletic Asian species group.
 Geotaenium is a sister to Asarum s.s., showing its close relationship to Asarum s.s..
 Asiasarum is a sister to the Hexastylis + Heterotropa clade, showing several synapomorphies with this clade.
 Hexastylis: this genus has been recognized solely on the study by H.L. Blomquist. However, the above-mentioned DNA study provided indications that Hexastylis is not monophyletic and that some species of Hexastylis are more closely related to Asiatic species of  Heterotropa than they are to other species of Hexastylis. The recognition of Hexastylis has likely persisted due to regional botanists' contrasting the morphology of that section with the regionally co-occurring Asarum canadense, which is the sole species of Asarum subgenus Asarum in the southeastern United States. However, the morphological character states used to support the recognition of section Hexastylis at the generic level are plesiomorphic. For example, Blomquist  provides an enumeration of character states supporting Hexastylis, all of are plesiomorphic with respect to one or another Asarum lineage. The presence of persistent, variegated leaves is often invoked by amateur botanists as a characteristic unique to section Hexastylis amongst North American Asarum species, however Asarum marmoratum, an Asarum Subgenus Asarum species found in the western United States also has persistent and variegated leaves (see Calflora page for detailed photographs)
 Heterotropa: this is a complex monophyletic group, well nested within the Asiasarum + Hexastylis + Heterotropa clade.

.

Species

Uses
Wild ginger can be cooked in the same fashion as ginger root, and can also be candied or used to make medicine.

References

External links

List of Asarum species
The International Agency for Research on Cancer.

Piperales genera
Herbs

Asarum


Aderus callanganus é uma espécie de inseto besouro da família Aderidae. Foi descrita cientificamente por Maurice Pic em 1910.

Referências

callanganus
Insetos descritos em 1910
Espécies descritas por Maurice Pic

Aderus callanganus


La Coupe de Pologne de football 2021-2022 ( en polonais, ou  pour des raisons de parrainage) est la  de la Coupe de Pologne, qui oppose chaque année les clubs des trois premières divisions de Pologne ainsi que les seize vainqueurs des coupes régionales. La compétition commence le  et se termine le .

Le vainqueur de l'épreuve se qualifie pour le deuxième tour de qualification de la Ligue Europa Conférence 2022-2023.

Compétition

Trente-deuxièmes de finale

Seizièmes de finale
Les matchs ont eu lieu du 26 octobre 2021 au 3 novembre.

Huitièmes de finale
Les matchs ont eu lieu du 30 novembre au 2 décembre 2021. Le match entre le Piast Gliwice et le Górnik Zabrze est reporté à une date ultérieure en raison de cas de COVID-19 dans l'effectif du Piast.

Quarts de finale
Les quarts de finale se dérouleront le 1er et 2 mars 2022.

Demi-finales
Les demi-finales se dérouleront le 5 et 6 avril 2022.

Finale

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Ekstraklasa 2021-2022
 I liga 2021-2022

Liens externes
  Actualité de la compétition sur le site de la fédération
  La Coupe de Pologne sur 90minut.pl

2021-2022
Football en Pologne en 2022
Football en Pologne en 2021
Pologne

Coupe de Pologne de football 2021-2022


Manaslu Dağı, Nepal Himalayalarının bir parçası olan Mansiri Himal'de bulunan Manaslu (Kutang olarak da bilinir) dünyanın en yüksek sekizinci dağıdır. Manaslu, "Ruhların Dağı" olarak çevrilen Sanskritçe bir kelime olan Manasa'dan gelmektedir.

Manaslu'ya ilk çıkış 9 Mayıs 1956'da Toshio Imanishi ve Gyalzen Norbu'dan oluşan Japon ekspedisyonu tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Ayrıca bakınız

 Himalayalar

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Manaslu on Peakware

Himalaya Dağları
Sekizbinlikler
Nepal'deki dağlar

Manaslu Dağı


Gianna Jessen (n. 6 aprilie 1977, Los Angeles) este o activistă împotriva avortului. S-a născut în urma unui un avort cu substanță salină.

Copilăria
Jessen s-a născut la 6 aprilie 1977 în Los Angeles, California. S-a născut în timpul celei de-a 30-a săptămâni de sarcină; actele medicale arată că s-a născut în timpul unui avort salin eșuat. Gianna Jessen cântărea 907g la naștere și a fost născută cu paralizie cerebrală, o afecțiune motorie, neprogresivă și necontagioasă. Ea a petrecut mai mult de trei luni la spital, apoi a fost plasată în asistență maternală. A fost adoptată la vârsta de patru ani.

Referințe

Nașteri în 1977
Creștini americani
Republicani din California
Oameni în viață
Oameni din Los Angeles
Republicani din Tennessee

Gianna Jessen


Onthophagus shanicus é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Kabakov em 2006.

Referências

Ligações externas

shanicus
Coleópteros descritos em 2006

Onthophagus shanicus


Gabriel Fernando de Jesus () este un fotbalist brazilian care evolueaza la clubul englez Arsenal și la echipa națională de fotbal a Braziliei.

Statistici

Club

Note

Legături externe

Fotbaliști brazilieni
Atacanți
Fotbaliști ai Manchester City FC
Fotbaliști ai Arsenal FC
Fotbaliști ai Campionatului Mondial de Fotbal 2018
Fotbaliști la Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 2016

Gabriel Jesus


Aserbajdsjans U/17-fodboldlandshold er det nationale fodboldhold i Aserbajdsjan for spillere under 17 år. landsholdet bliver administreret af Azərbaycan Futbol Federasiyaları Assosiasiyası.

Seneste trup
Truppen til EM i fodbold 2017. Landskampe og mål er opdateret pr. 30. oktober 2016 efter deres kamp mod Rumænien.

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Eksterne henvisninger
 Azərbaycan Futbol Federasiyaları Assosiasiyası (AFFA)

U/17-fodboldlandshold
U/17-fodboldlandshold i Europa

Aserbajdsjans U/17-fodboldlandshold


Tilsynet med Efterretningstjenesterne (forkortet TET) er et kontrolorgan der fungerer politisk uafhængigt. Tilsynet har ansvaret for at føre kontrol med de danske efterretningstjenester, Politiets Efterretningstjeneste (PET), Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste (FE) samt Center for Cybersikkerhed (CFCS) og sikre at disse arbejder indenfor lovens og deres mandaters rammer. Tilsynet erstattede 1. januar 2014 Kontroludvalget vedrørende Politiets og Forsvarets Efterretningstjenester (Wamberg-udvalget) der siden 1964 havde udøvet kontrol med efterretningstjenesterne.

Tilsynet består af 5 medlemmer udpeget af justitsministeren i samarbejde med forsvarsministeren og Udvalget vedrørende Efterretningstjenesterne. Formanden bliver udpeget efter indstilling fra Østre og Vestre landsret og skal være uddannet landsdommer mens de resterende medlemmer bliver valgt  i samarbejde med de siddende medlemmer af tilsynet. Tilsynets medlemmer er udpeget i perioder på 2-4 år med mulighed for forlængelse i yderligere fire år.

Underlagt tilsynet er et mindre sekretariat der kun står til ansvar overfor tilsynet.

Tilsynet udgiver årligt en redegørelse der belyser efterretningstjenesternes virksomhed i forhold til lovgivningen.

Opgaver
Tilsynets vigtigste opgaver er at PET og FE følger de love og bestemmelser der er relevante for efterretningstjenesterne, her tænkes især på:

 Måden efterretninger fremskaffes.
 Intern behandling af efterretninger, blandt andet opbevaring og tidsfrister for sletning af personoplysninger.
 Videreformidling af oplysninger til eksterne samarbejdspartnere.
 Forbuddet mod at indhente oplysninger på personer der er fysisk hjemhørende i Danmark hjemhørende udelukkende på baggrund af disses lovlige politiske aktiviteter.
 Opfølgning på klager fra personer der mener at efterretningstjenesterne uberettiget indhenter oplysninger om pågældende (indirekte aktindsigt).
 Indgreb i meddelelseshemmeligheden.

Medlemmerne

Følgende er medlemmer af tilsynet per juli 2023:
 Michael Kistrup, landsdommer, Østre Landsret (formand) (2017- )
 Pernille Christensen, juridisk chef, Kommunernes Landsforening (2017- )
 Henrik Udsen, professor, Københavns Universitet (2017- )
 Rebecca Adler-Nissen, professor, Københavns Universitet (2019- )
 Jesper Fisker, direktør, Kræftens Bekæmpelse (2022- )

Tidligere medlemmer af tilsynet
 Ulla Staal, landsdommer, Østre Landsret (formand) (2014-2017)
 Karsten Ohrt, direktør, Ny Carlsbergfondet (2014)
 Pernille Backhausen, partner, Sirius Advokater (2014-2017)
 Adam Wolf, direktør, Danske Regioner (2014-2017)
 Jørgen Grønnegård Christensen, professor, Aarhus Universitet (2014-2019)
 Erik Jacobsen, bestyrelsesformand, Roskilde Universitet  (2014-2020)
 David Hellemann, koncerndirektør, Nykredit (2020-2022)

Eksterne henvisninger
www.tet.dk - Tilsynets hjemmeside

Etableret i 2014
Danmarks efterretningstjenester
Danmarks politik

Tilsynet med Efterretningstjenesterne


An Pescatoria in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Pescatoria in nahilalakip ha familia nga Orchidaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Pescatoria

Pescatoria


මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රම

උත්තල මුද්‍රණ ශිල්පය  -LETTERPRESS
	මෙය පැරණිම හා ආරම්භක මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමයක් ලෙස සලකන අතර වර්තමානයේද ඉතා ප්‍රබල ලෙස පවතින මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමයකි.

මෙහි සිද්ධාන්තය නම් උඩට මතු කරන ලද අක්ෂර හෝ සලකුණු (මේවා ඊයම්,ලී,ප්ලාස්ටික් යන කුමන හෝ මාධ්‍යයක් භාවිතා කර තනා ගත්තක් විය හැකිය).මත තීන්ත තවරා අවශ්‍ය කරන මුද්‍රණ මාධ්‍යය මත තද කිරීමෙන් මුද්‍රණ පිටපත් ලබා ගත හැකිය.

මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමයේ විවිධ අවස්ථා
මෙය ලෙටර් ප්‍රෙස් ක්‍රමයේ මුලීක අවස්ථාවයි.මෙහිදී වරකට එක පිටපත බැගින් ලබා ගත හැකි අතර උසස් මුද්‍රණ තත්වයක් පැවති‍යද කාර්යක්‍ෂමතාව අඩුය.
මෙය ලෙටර්ප්‍රෙස් ක්‍රමයේම වර්ධක අවස්ථාවක් වන අතර මෙහිදී මුද්‍රණ මාධ්‍යය (කඩදාසි ආදිය) සමතල තලයක වෙනුවට භ්‍රමනය වන සිලින්ඩරයකට සවිව ඇත.මෙය මුල් අවස්ථාවට සාපේක්‍ෂව කාර්යක්‍ෂම වන අතර මෙහිදී වරකට ලබාගත හැක්කේ එක් පිටපතක් බැගිනි.
මෙහිදී පෙර අවස්ථා වලදී මෙන් උත්තල අකුරු රැදවු රාමුවක් වෙනුවට උත්තල අකුරු රැදවු සිලින්ඩරයක් යොදා ගනී.මේ අකුරු සදහා ඊයම් වැනි ලෝහ ද්‍රව්‍ය භාවිතා කරයි.මුද්‍රණ මාධ්‍ය(කඩදාසි වැනි දේ) රෝලක් ලෙස හාවිතා කරමින් යාන්ත්‍රිකව ඵකවර පිටපත් විශාල සංඛ්‍යාවක් ලබා ගත හැකි කාර්යක්‍ෂම ක්‍රමයකි.මේ සදහා තෙල් ගතියෙන් යුතු ඝන තීන්ත වර්ග හාවිතා කරයි.
මෙහිදී පෙර පරිදිම උත්තල අකුරු රැද වු සිලින්ඩරයක් භාවිතා කරන අතර මෙහි වෙනස ඵ් සදහා ප්ලාස්ටික් වැනි සැහැල්ලු ද්‍රව්‍ය යොදා ගැනීමේ හැකියාවය. මෙම ක්‍රමයේදී දියාරු ගතිය වැඩි තීන්ත භාවිතා කරන අතර ඉතා කාර්යක්‍ෂම හා යාන්ත්‍රිකව විශාල පිටපත් ලබාගත හැකි ලෙටර් ප්‍රෙස් ක්‍රමයේ මුලික අවස්ථාවකි.

ඉහත දැක්වු සියළු අවස්ථා වලදී අකුරු හෝ රූප ඇමුණු රාමුව හෝ සිලින්ඩර වලදී අදාළ අකුරු හෝ රූප නොපිට පෙරලූ ස්වභාවයෙන් හෙවත් පාර්ශවික අපවර්තනයෙන් යුතුව යොදාගනී.

අවතල මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රම‍ය(ROTOGRAVURE PRESS)

මෙහිදී පෙර විස්තර කළ උත්තල හෝ සමතල ක්‍රම‍ය මෙන් නොව මුද්‍රණය වියයුතු ප්‍රදේශවල ඉතා සියුම් සිදුරු (මේවා විනිවිද නොයයි) රාශියක් ඇති කරනු ලැබේ.මෙය සකස් කිරීමට විශාල වියදමක් දැරීමට සිදුවීම මෙහි ඇති අවාසියයි.එසේ සකස් කරගත් මුද්‍රණ තලය සිලින්ඩරයක සවි කරනු ලබන අතර එය භ්‍රමණය වීමේදී තීන්ත මාධ්‍යයක් කරා ගමන් කරයි.එහිදී සිදුරු තුළ තීන්ත රැදෙන අතර Doctorblade නැමති තලයෙන් අමතර ප්‍රදේශවල පිස දමනු ලබයි.එසේ සූදානම් කළ සිලින්ඩරය හරහා මුද්‍රණ මාධ්‍යය හෙවත් කඩදාසි ආදිය ගමන් කරනු ලැබීමෙන් මුද්‍රණය සිදුවේ.මෙම ක්‍රමයෙන් අති විශාල පිටපත් ප්‍රමාණයක් ලබා ගැනීමට අවශ්‍ය විට සාර්ථකව භාවිතා කරනු ලබන ක්‍රමයකි.මෙම අවස්ථාවේදීද මුද්‍රණ රාමුව තුළ අක්ෂර පාර්ශවික අපවර්තනයෙන් යුතුව පහත පරිදි පවතී.

සමතල මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමය(Offset litho press)
තෙල් හා ජලය එකිනෙක මිශ්‍ර නොවේ යන පදනම මත මෙම ක්‍රමය ගොඩානැගී ඇති අතර තෙල් හා ජලයට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ ප්‍රතිචාරයන් දක්වන ද්‍රව්‍යයක් මගින් සින්කෝ ඇලුමීනියම් තහඩුවකට ලබා ගන්නා නෙගිටිව් හෝ පොසිටිව් සේයා පටලයක් මුද්‍රණ රාමුව ලෙස භාවිතා කිරීම මෙහි තාක්ෂණයයි.මෙහිදී අදාල මුද්‍රණ පිටපත් තීන්ත තැවරීම හා නොතැවරීම වියයුතු කලාප ඉහත කී සේයා පටලයේ අන්තර්ගත ද්‍රව්‍යයේ ජලය හා තෙල්වල ඇති ප්‍රතිවිරුද්‍ධ ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස තීරණය වේ.

මෙම මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමයේ විවිධ අවස්ථා

Litho press
මෙම ක්‍රමයේදි ලබාගත් පාර්ශවික අපවර්තනයෙන් යුත් සේයා පටලය ලබාලත් අතර එය ඉහළින් ඇති plate සිලින්ඩරයේ දවටනු ලබන අතර එයට මුලින් ජලය තැවරේ.එහිදී ජලයට සංවේදී කොටස්වල ජලය තැවරෙන අතර ඊළග අවස්ථාවේදී ජලය නොතැවරුණු හෙවත් තෙල් වලට සංවේදී කොටස් වල තීන්ත තැවරේ.මෙසේ සූදානම් වූ සිලින්ඩරයේ මුද්‍රණ මාධ්‍යය (කඩදාසි ආදිය) ගමන් කරන සිලින්ඩරයට තදවීමෙන් මුද්‍රණය සිදුවේ.

Offset Litho press
මෙහිත් සාමාන්‍ය ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වය පෙර සේම වන අතර ප්‍රධාන වෙනස මූලික සේයා පටලය තුළ මුද්‍රණය නොවිය යුතු දෑ පාර්ශවික අපවර්ථනයෙන් සිදු නොවීමයි.මෙහිදී ඒ වෙනුවට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ දිශාවකට භ්‍රමණය වන තවත් සිලින්ඩරයක් යොදා ගනී.

 ඉහත අවස්ථා දෙකම දැනට බහුල ලෙස භාවිතා වන අතර කාර්යක්‍ෂම හා වැඩි පිටපත් ප්‍රමාණයක් ලබා ගත හැකි ක්‍රම වේ.

සිදුරු මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමය (Screen Printing)

තීන්ත විනිවිද යෑමෙන් මුද්‍රණය කීරීම මෙහි සිද්ධාන්තය වන අතර මේ සඳහා විශේෂයෙන් සකස් කරන ලද සිල්ක් රෙදි වර්ගයක් භාවිතා කරන අතර මුද්‍රණය නොවිය යුතු ස්ථාන වි‍ශේෂිත රසායනික වර්ගයක් මගින් ආවරණය කරනු ලබයි.මෙහිදී සකස් කරගත් සිල්ක් රෙදි වර්ගය රාමුවකට තදින් සවි කරගනු ලබන අතර ඊට යටින් මුද්‍රණ මාධ්‍යය (කඩදාසි ආදිය) තබා රාමුව මතට තීන්ත තවරා විනිවිද යැවීම මගින් මුද්‍රණය කරගනී.මෙය ඉතා සරල මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රමයක් වන අතර වර්තමානයේද මුද්‍රණයේ පවතී.

මුද්‍රණයේ හෙට දවස

මුද්‍රණයේ ඉතිහාසය ඈත අතීතයේට දිව යන්නකි.මුද්‍රණය අතීයේ සිට විවිධ මංපෙත් පසු කරමින් අද දවස වන විට පරිගණක තාක්ෂණයත් සමග එකට එක්ව මුද්‍රණ ක්ෂේත්‍රයේ අධිවේගී දියුණුවකට පා නගා ඇත. නූතන පරිගණනක තාක්ෂණය තුළින් ස්වයංක්‍රීයව අධිවේගී ලෙස මුද්‍රණ යන්ත්‍ර ක්‍රියාත්මකව පවතී.එක් වරකට පිටපත් කෝටි ගණනක් ලබා ගත හැකි අන්දමට අද මෙම තාක්‍ෂණය දියුණුව පවතී.
	ලෝකයේ මුද්‍රණ ක්ෂේත්‍රයේ අද තත්වය ඉතා දියුණු මට්ටමක පවතී.එහෙත් ශ්‍රී ලංකාව වැනි රටවල මේ අධිවේගී තාක්ෂණය ඔරොත්තු නොදෙන අන්දමට පත්ව ඇත්තේ නූතන තාක්ෂණයේ දියුණුව අප වැනි රටවල අත පෙවිය නොහැකි මට්ටමක තිබීමය. මිළ අධික මුද්‍රණ යන්ත්‍ර අප රටට ගෙන ඒම රටේ ආර්ථිකය කෙරේද බලපායි.තවත් හේතුවක් නම් ශ්‍රමිකයන් නවීන දේ ඉගෙනීමට ඇති අකමැත්තයි.අද ලෝකය තුළ මුද්‍රණය පිළිබඳ විමසා බැලීම තුළින් එහි අනාගතය කෙබදු වේද යන්න සිතීම පවා අපහසුය.දැනට ලෝකයේ විවිධ රටවල මුද්‍රණ ක්ෂේත්‍රය විශාල ප්‍රාග්ධන සූක්‍ෂම ව්‍යාපාර බවට පත්ව ඇත.එවන් මුද්‍රණ කර්මාන්ත තුළ මිනිස් ශ්‍රමය යොදන කටයුතු සඳහා රොබෝ තාක්ෂණය භාවිතා කරයි.රොබෝවරු මගින් අද විවිධ මුද්‍රණ යන්ත්‍ර ක්‍රියා කරවයි.
	මුද්‍රණයේ හෙට දවස පිළිබඳ බැලීමේදී අද තාක්ෂණය මෙතරම් අධිවේගී නම් අනාගතයේදී මීට වඩා සූක්‍ෂම ලෙස කටයුතු කරගත හැකි වනු නියතය.අනාගතයේදී මුද්‍රණ යන්ත්‍ර‍ය පරිගණක වැඩසටහනක් තුළින් කිසිම මිනිස් ශ්‍රමයක් නොමැතිව සිදුවේ යැයි සිතිය හැක.අද තාක්‍ෂණය දෙස විමසා බලන විට ඉහත කීවාටත් වඩා විශාල දියුණුවක් මේ ක්ෂේත්‍රය තුළින් දැකිය හැකිය.

සබැදි පිටු
ශ්‍රි ලංකා‍වේ මුද්‍රණ කර්මාන්ත‍ය

ආශ්‍රිත ග්‍රන්ථ
පිළිස‍දර සගරාව.රජයේ මුද්‍රණාලය.

ශ්‍රී ලාංකීය මුද්‍රණ ඉතිහාසය.රජයේ මුද්‍රණාලය.

මුද්‍රණ ක්‍රම


Villa María  is a city in Córdoba Province, Argentina, and the head town of the General San Martín Department. It is located in the center of rich agricultural land. The area leads the country in production of milk . The city has a population of 72,162 per the  (Greater Villa María: 119,000), which makes it the third largest city in the province.

The city lies 137 km southeast from the provincial capital, on the left bank of the Tercero River, near the geographical center of Argentina, at the intersection of National Routes 9 and 158, and right next to the Cordoba-Buenos Aires Highway, one of the nation's most important communication arteries.

Notable people
 Sol Gabetta, cellist (1981)
 Rubén Magnano, basketball TD (1954)
 Mauro Rosales, football player (1981)
 Yayo Guridi, humorist (1965)
 Karina Jelinek, model (1981)
 José Aricó, writer (1931-1991)
 Amadeo Sabattini, politician (1892-1960)
 Juan Cruz Gill, football player (1983)
 Sebastián Brusco, football player (1974)
 Franco Jara, football player (1988)
 Albano Bizzarri, football player (1977)
 Marcelo Ingaramo, tennis player (1965)
 Magalí Romitelli, model (1987)

References

 H.R.Stones, British Railways in Argentina 1860-1948, P.E.Waters & Associates, Bromley, Kent, England, 1993.

 Official website
 Daily Newspaper
 Villa Maria Portal
 Study Centres Addresses in English in Villa María

Populated places in Córdoba Province, Argentina
Populated places established in 1867
Cities in Argentina

Villa María, Argentina


Charles Inglis (1734 – 24 February 1816) was an Irish Anglican clergyman and ardent Tory who was consecrated the first Anglican bishop in North America for the Diocese of Nova Scotia. He died at Kingston, Nova Scotia. He is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Church (Halifax).

Early and family life

He was born in 1734, the youngest of three sons of the Reverend Archibald Inglis, the rector of Glencolmcille and Kilcar, a remote parish in southwest County Donegal, on the west coast of the Irish province of Ulster. He was subsequently orphaned at the age of 11. He married Mary Vining in 1764, connecting him to one of the most powerful families in Delaware. She died in childbirth shortly afterwards. He married for the second time on May 31, 1773, Margaret Crooke (d. 1783); they had two sons and two daughters. His son, John ( – 1850), became the third bishop of Nova Scotia in 1825.

Ministry and involvement in the American Revolution
Inglis became rector of Killybegs, Donegal, but in 1755 he sailed to America and worked as a teacher under the auspices of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. In 1758 the Bishop of London ordained him as a priest. Rev. Inglis spent several years in Delaware before moving to Trinity Church in New York in 1765, where his oldest child Charles is buried.

In 1776, in response to Thomas Paine's Common Sense, Inglis wrote a treatise, The True Interest of America Impartially Stated.

Following the British occupation of New York in 1777, Inglis was promoted from curate to rector of Trinity Church. As a Loyalist, it is recorded that Inglis prayed aloud for King George III while George Washington was in the congregation. The church was quickly surrounded by militia. Inglis' home was plundered. In November 1783, upon the evacuation of Loyalists from New York, Inglis returned to England. However, his whole congregation
of Trinity Church went to Nova Scotia. The new rector (1784) of Trinity Church was Samuel Provoost, the first Episcopal Bishop of New York (1787).

On 11 August 1787, George III created the Diocese of Nova Scotia by Letters Patent, and named Inglis its first bishop. He preached at St. Paul's Church (Halifax). The independence of the thirteen colonies which would form the United States had led to the creation of a new, autonomous, Anglican church there, with Samuel Seabury as the first bishop, but Inglis was the first Church of England bishop in North America, though technically his Episcopal see was "the Province of Nova Scotia".

Eager to increase the status of Anglicanism in the colonies, Inglis, supported the 1789 foundation of King's College (now the University of King's College, founded as "moral" successor of King's college of New York, later Columbia University) in Windsor, Nova Scotia, as an exclusive academy for sons of the Anglican elite. In 1783, when the outcome of the American Revolution was obvious, Inglis, along with other British elites, wrote to the government in Nova Scotia to petition for the establishment of a college,The founding of a College or Seminary of learning on a liberal plan in that province where youth may receive a virtuous education and can be qualified for the learned professions, is...a measure of the greatest consequence, as it would diffuse religious literature, loyalty and good morals among His Majesty's subjects there. If such a seminary is not established the inhabitants will have no means of educating their sons at home, but will be under the necessity of sending them...to Great Britain or Ireland, which will be attended with an expense that few can bear, or else to some of the states of this continent, where they will soon imbibe principles that are unfavourable to the British tradition.He also backed several missionary efforts to turn the majority of the population from their dissenting religious beliefs. These efforts were largely unsuccessful.

Death and legacy

Bishop Inglis died on 24 February 1816 at Kingston, Nova Scotia.  He is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Church (Halifax).

There is a silver plaque in honour of Charles Inglis St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. He became a Doctor of Divinity.

Notes and references

Further reading

External links
 Inglis family and the Church
Charles Inglis well, Clermont, Nova Scotia

1734 births
1816 deaths
United Empire Loyalists
Anglican bishops of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island
Doctors of Divinity
18th-century Anglican Church of Canada bishops
19th-century Anglican Church of Canada bishops
Canadian people of Irish descent
Irish expatriate Protestant bishops
Loyalists who settled Nova Scotia
Loyalists in the American Revolution from New York (state)
Signers of the Declaration of Dependence
Inglis family
People from Kilcar
Christian clergy from County Donegal

Charles Inglis (bishop)


مكتل هو مكيال إسلامي يستعمل في الكيل أثناء العصور الإسلامية.

المكتل يساوي خمسة عشر صاعا تقريبا.

المصدر

مكاييل شرعية

مكتل


The year 1905 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

Events
 October 18 – London County Council's new street at Kingsway and redevelopment of Aldwych are opened.
 Work begins on Stoclet Palace, Brussels, designed by Josef Hoffmann.
 Work begins on Casa de les Punxes, Barcelona, designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch.
 Formation of the Dresden Die Brücke expressionist architecture movement.

Buildings and structures

Buildings opened

 February 27 – Berlin Cathedral in Berlin, Germany, is inaugurated.
 June 11 – National Theatre of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
 September 27 – Arcade du Cinquantenaire in Brussels, Belgium, opened by Leopold II of Belgium.
 November – The Plaza Grill and Cinema, Ottawa, Kansas, possibly the oldest movie theater in the United States that is still in operation.

Buildings completed
 January – Eitel Building in Downtown Seattle, Washington, United States, designed by William Doty van Siclen.
 Darwin D. Martin House in Buffalo, New York, United States, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
 Zacherlhaus in Vienna, Austria, designed by Jože Plečnik.
 Land Administration Building in Brisbane, Australia, designed by Thomas Pye.
 St. Stephen's Basilica in Budapest, Hungary, completed by József Kauser to an 1851 design by Miklós Ybl.
 Salepçioğlu Mosque in İzmir, Turkey.
 Chancel and lady chapel to St John the Divine, Richmond, London, England, designed by Arthur Grove.
 Hôtel de ville (city hall) in Sfax, Tunisia, designed by Raphaël Guy.
 National Library of Greece, Athens, designed by Theophil Hansen.
 Parliament House in Stockholm, Sweden is completed.
 Voewood, High Kelling, Norfolk, England, designed by E. S. Prior.
 Antwerpen-Centraal railway station in Belgium, designed by Louis Delacenserie.
 Murry Guggenheim House in West Long Branch, New Jersey, designed by Carrère and Hastings.

Awards
 RIBA Royal Gold Medal – Aston Webb.
 Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Albert Henry Krehbiel.

Births
 February 13 – Werner Schindler, Swiss architect and Olympic medallist (died 1986)
 March 19 – Albert Speer, German architect and Nazi minister during Adolf Hitler's regime (died 1981)
 April 4 – Erika Nõva, Estonian architect (died 1987)
 April 13 – Bernard Rudofsky, Moravian-born American writer, architect, collector, teacher, designer and social historian (died 1988)
 June 24 – Michael Scott, Irish architect (died 1989)
 December 18 – Roy Grounds, Australian architect (died 1981)

Deaths
 March 9 – Ludvig Fenger, City Architect of Copenhagen (born 1833
 March 11 — William R. Walker, American architect based in Providence, Rhode Island (born 1830)
 July 24 – Adolf Cluss, German-born American engineer architect in Washington, D.C. (born 1825)
 August 2 – Cesar Castellani, Maltese architect working in British Guiana
 August 22 – Alfred Waterhouse, English architect of the Gothic Revival (born 1830)

References

1905 in architecture


ලැරී සැංගර් .
මොහු Wikipidea හි නිර්මාතෘවරයා වේ.

ආශ්‍රිත
 List of Wikipedia people

මූලාශ්‍ර

භාහිර සබැඳි

 Larry Sanger – Sanger's personal website.
 Encyclosphere

  – An essay discussing the origins of Wikipedia.

1968 උපත්
ජීවමාන ජනයා
American bloggers
American computer businesspeople
American educational theorists
American founders
Philosophers from Ohio
Philosophers from Washington (state)
Philosophers from California
Philosophers from Alaska
Critics of Wikipedia
Epistemologists
Ohio State University alumni
Businesspeople from Anchorage, Alaska
People from Bellevue, Washington
People from San Diego
People from Columbus, Ohio
Reed College alumni
21st-century American non-fiction writers
Wikipedia people
Former Lutherans
American agnostics

ලැරී සැංගර්


Pak Beng-distriktet ligger i provins Udomxai i Laos.

Pak Beng-dæmningen er planlagt bygget på Mekong-floden 14 km fra byen Pak Beng.

Referencer

Udomxai-provinsen

Pak Beng (distrikt)


α-Globin, alpha-Globin, oder Hämoglobin alpha-Kette ist ein Protein aus der Familie der Globine, dessen 142 Aminosäuren lange Polypeptidkette ein Häm als Cofaktor bindet und das so Teil des Proteinkomplexes von Hämoglobinen in Wirbeltieren ist, die Hämoglobin-Untereinheit alpha (HBA1, HBA2).

Funktion
Das menschliche Hämoglobin-α1-Gencluster befindet sich auf Chromosom 16, umfasst 30 Kilobasen sowie sieben Loci: 5'- ζ - pseudo-ζ - μ - pseudo-α-1 - α-2 - α-1 - θ - 3'. Die codierenden Sequenzen für α-2 (HBA2) und α-1 (HBA1) sind identisch. Diese Gene unterscheiden sich nur wenig in der 5' nicht-translatierten Region sowie den Introns, aber sie unterscheiden sich signifikant in der 3' nicht-translatierten Region. Zwei α-Ketten plus zwei β-Ketten bilden das Hämoglobin A (HbA), welches im normalen Erwachsenenleben ungefähr 97 % des gesamten Hämoglobins umfasst; α-Ketten in Kombination mit delta-Ketten bilden das HbA-2, welches mit HbF ("fetal hemoglobin") die restlichen 3 % des Hämoglobins von Erwachsenen ausmacht. α-Thalassämie resultiert aus der Deletion eines der α-Gene ebenso wie durch Deletion von sowohl HBA2 als auch HBA1; von einigen α-Thalassämien ohne Deletion wurden bereits berichtet.

Interaktion
α-Globin weist mit β-Globin Protein-Protein-Interaktion auf.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
  GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW Eintrag bei α-Thalassemia
  OMIM-Einträge bei α-Thalassemia

Literatur

Sauerstofftransporter
Blutbestandteil
Codiert auf Chromosom 16 (Mensch)

Α-Globin


Earl Peel is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.  The Peel family descends from Robert Peel, eldest son of a wealthy cotton merchant. The family lands, known as Drayton Manor, in the County of Stafford would become more commonly known in modern-day as an amusement park. The family seat is Elmire House, near Ripon, North Yorkshire.

History
The earldom was created in 1929 for the Conservative Party politician William Peel, 2nd Viscount Peel, who was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1921–1922, Secretary of State for India 1921–1922 and 1928–1929, and First Commissioner of Works 1924–1928. At the same time, he was created Viscount Clanfield, of Clanfield in the County of Southampton, also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

He was the son of Arthur Peel, 1st Viscount Peel, who served as Speaker of the House of Commons between 1884 and 1895, and who was created Viscount Peel, of Sandy in the County of Bedford, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1895.

The first Viscount Peel was the fifth son of Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, of Drayton Manor (see below for earlier history of the family). The first Earl was succeeded by his son, Arthur Peel, 2nd Earl Peel. In 1942, he succeeded his second cousin once removed as seventh Baronet, of Drayton Manor. The second Earl later served as Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire from 1948 to 2 January 1951.  the titles are held by his son, William Peel, 3rd Earl Peel, who succeeded in 1969.

He is one of the ninety elected hereditary peers that remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999, and sits as a cross-bencher. The third Earl was Lord Warden of the Stannaries from 1994 to 2006 and was Lord Chamberlain of the Household from 2006 to 2021.

The Peel family descends from Robert Peel, who established a calico-printing firm in Blackburn in 1764. His eldest son Robert Peel was a wealthy cotton merchant and also sat as Member of Parliament for Tamworth from 1790 to 1818. In 1800 he was created a Baronet, of Drayton Manor in the County of Stafford and of Bury in the County Palatine of Lancaster, in the Baronetage of Great Britain.

He was succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, the noted statesman. He was Home Secretary 1822–1827 and 1828–1830, Chancellor of the Exchequer 1834–1835 and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1834–1835 and 1841–1846, and is best remembered for creating the modern concept of the police force while Home Secretary. The police, first known as Peelers, are still commonly referred to as Bobbies, in his name. He is also known for overseeing the formation of the Conservative Party out of the shattered Tory Party, and for the repeal of the Corn Laws. Peel died after a fall from his horse on Constitution Hill in London.

He was succeeded by his eldest son, the third Baronet. He was also a politician and served as a Lord of the Admiralty from 1852 to 1857 and as Chief Secretary for Ireland from 1861 to 1865. His grandson, the fifth Baronet, married the actress and comedian Beatrice Gladys Lillie.

Their only son, the sixth Baronet, was an ordinary seaman in the Royal Navy and was killed in action in April 1942, aged only twenty-one. On his death the line of the eldest son of the second Baronet failed and the title was inherited by his second cousin once removed, the second Earl Peel, who became the seventh Baronet. See above for further history of the title.

Viscounts Peel (1895)
Arthur Wellesley Peel, 1st Viscount Peel (1829–1912)
William Robert Wellesley Peel, 2nd Viscount Peel (1867–1937) (created Earl Peel in 1929)

Earls Peel (1929)
William Robert Wellesley Peel, 1st Earl Peel (1867–1937)
Arthur William Ashton Peel, 2nd Earl Peel (1901–1969) (succeeded as the 7th Baronet in 1942)
William James Robert Peel, 3rd Earl Peel and 8th Baronet (born 1947)

The heir apparent is the present holder's son, Ashton Robert Gerard Peel, Viscount Clanfield (born 1976).
The heir apparent's heir apparent is his son, the Hon. Nicholas Robert William Peel (born 2015).

Peel baronets, of Drayton Manor and Bury (1800)
Sir Robert Peel, 1st Baronet (1750–1830)
Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet (1788–1850)
Sir Robert Peel, 3rd Baronet (1822–1895)
Sir Robert Peel, 4th Baronet (1867–1925)
Sir Robert Peel, 5th Baronet (1898–1934)
Sir Robert Peel, 6th Baronet (1920–1942)
See above for further succession.

Other notable members of the Peel family
Several other members of the Peel family have also gained distinction:
 Sir Lawrence Peel (1801–1865), son of Joseph Peel, younger brother of the first Baronet, was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at Calcutta from 1842 to 1855 and was admitted to the Privy Council in 1856.
 William Yates Peel (1789–1858, second son of the first Baronet, was a politician and served as Under-Secretary of State for Home Affairs from 1828 to 1830.
 Jonathan Peel (1799–1879), fifth son of the first Baronet, was a general in the Army and Conservative politician. He was Secretary of State for War from 1858 to 1859 and 1866 to 1867.
  Edmund Yates Peel  (1824–1900, son of Jonathan above), a lieutenant-colonel in the Army, who was the father of Frederick Peel, a colonel in the Army.
 Archibald Peel (1828–1910, son of Jonathan above), who was the father of Edward John Russell Peel (1869–1939), a brigadier-general in the Army,
 John Peel (1829–1892, son of Jonathan above), a lieutenant-general in the Army.
 Sir Charles Lennox Peel (1823–1899), Clerk of the Council, was the son of Laurence Peel, sixth son of the first Baronet.
 Sir Frederick Peel (1823–1906), second son of the second Baronet, was a politician and Chief Railway Commissioner.
 Sir William Peel (1824–1858), third son of the second Baronet, was a captain in the Royal Navy.
 Maj. Hon. George Peel (1869–1956), second son of the first Viscount, a Member of Parliament and writer on politics and economics.
 Sir Sidney Peel (1870–1938), third son of the first Viscount, sat as Member of Parliament for Uxbridge and was created a baronet in 1936 (see Peel baronets).
 Abram Peel (1864–1919), elected Lord Mayor of Bradford in November 1916.

Male-line family tree

Line of succession

 Arthur Wellesley Peel, 1st Viscount Peel (1829–1912)
 William Robert Wellesley Peel, 1st Earl Peel (1867–1937)
 Arthur William Ashton Peel, 2nd Earl Peel (1901–1969)
 William James Robert Peel, 3rd Earl Peel (born 1947)
(1) Ashton Robert Gerard Peel, Viscount Clanfield (born 1976)
(2) Hon. Nicholas Robert William Peel (born 2015)
(3) Hon. Robert Michael Arthur Peel (born 1950)
Rev. Hon. Maurice Berkeley Peel (1873–1917)
Maj. David Arthur Peel (1910–1944)
Jonathan Sidney Peel (1937–2014)
(4) Robert Denis Peel (born 1976)
(5) Charles David Peel (born 1940)
(6) Thomas David Peel (born 1975)

#4–6 are in line for the viscounty and the baronetcy, but not the earldom.

References

Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.

1929 establishments in the United Kingdom
Earldoms in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Noble titles created in 1929
Noble titles created for UK MPs
Earl

Earl Peel


L'opération Toral est le nom de code de la présence britannique en Afghanistan après 2014 dans le cadre de la mission Resolute Support de l'OTAN. Les forces britanniques avaient deux tâches principales : former et encadrer les forces afghanes, et assurer la protection des forces pour les conseillers de l'OTAN via la Force de sécurité de Kaboul/Unité de protection de Kaboul.

L'opération s'achève le 8 juillet 2021 avec le retrait des forces américaines et de l'OTAN du pays. Cependant, les troupes britanniques ont ensuite été redéployées dans le cadre de l'opération Pitting en août 2021 pour évacuer les ressortissants et le personnel britanniques à la suite de l'offensive talibane de 2021.

Notes et références

Toral
Al-Qaïda
Guerre d'Afghanistan (2001-2021)

Opération Toral


En mythologie grec, Oros (Ancient Greek: Ὦρον or Ὦρος), peut se référer à 2 personnes:
 Oros, le "premier né" dans le pays de Troezen et aussi premier roi de ce royaume qui s'appelait alors Oraea d'après son nom. Il avait une fille Leis qui fréquentait le dieu de la mer Poséidon. Leur fils Althepus succéda à Orus sur le trône et renomma par la suite la terre en Althepia.
 Oros, soldat achéen qui a été tué par le prince troyen Hector pendant le siège de Troie.

Oros (mythologie)


Olsen-banden og Den Russiske Juvel er en musical fra 2008, der er baseret på filmserien Olsen-banden.

Medvirkende
 Egon Olsen - Kirsten Lehfeldt
 Benny Frandsen - Søren Østergaard
 Kjeld Jensen - Amin Jensen
 Yvonne Jensen - Lene Maria Christensen

Referencer

Musicals fra Danmark
Olsen-banden

Olsen Banden og den Russiske Juvel


Václav Chalupa (* 7. Dezember 1967 in Jindřichův Hradec) ist ein ehemaliger tschechischer Ruderer, der sechsmal an Olympischen Spielen teilnahm und dreimal das Finale erreichte.

Karriere

Sein Vater Václav Chalupa senior war 1960 und 1964 als Ruderer bei den Olympischen Spielen am Start gewesen. Chalupa junior wurde zuerst von seinem Vater und von 1989 bis 2004 vom zweifachen olympischen Medaillengewinner Zdeněk Pecka trainiert. Bei seiner ersten Olympiateilnahme 1988 in Seoul startete Chalupa im Doppelvierer und belegte den elften Platz. 1990 begann Chalupas Karriere im Einer mit einem Sieg beim Weltcup in San Diego. Bei den Ruder-Weltmeisterschaften 1990 erhielt Chalupa die Silbermedaille hinter dem damals noch für die Sowjetunion antretenden Esten Jüri Jaanson. 1991 folgten zwei Weltcupsiege auf dem Lago Piediluco und in Luzern, bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Wien siegte der deutsche Thomas Lange vor Chalupa. Auch ein Jahr später bei den Olympischen Spielen 1992 kam Lange vor Chalupa ins Ziel.

Ab 1993 trat Chalupa nicht mehr für die Tschechoslowakei, sondern für Tschechien an. Er gewann gleich drei Weltcupregatten, Duisburg, Tampere und Luzern, bei den Weltmeisterschaften belegte er den zweiten Platz hinter dem Kanadier Derek Porter. Nach vier Silbermedaillen in Folge beim jeweiligen Saisonhöhepunkt verfehlte Chalupa 1994 erstmals die Medaillenränge bei den Weltmeisterschaften und belegte den fünften Platz. 1995 gewann der Slowene Iztok Čop vor Jüri Jaanson, Chalupa erhielt seine erste Bronzemedaille. 1996 verpasste Chalupa die gesamte Weltcupsaison, bei den Olympischen Spielen belegte er den fünften Platz.

Nach einem fünften Platz bei den Ruder-Weltmeisterschaften 1997 erhielt Chalupa 1998 wieder die Bronzemedaille, vor ihm lagen der Neuseeländer Rob Waddell und Xeno Müller aus der Schweiz; 1999 folgte ein vierter Platz. 2000 in München siegte Chalupa nach sechs Jahren wieder bei einer Weltcupregatta. Bei den Olympischen Spielen in Sydney verpasste er den Finaleinzug und trat zum B-Finale nicht an. Dass Chalupa auch weiterhin zur Weltklasse gehörte, bewies er mit dem Gewinn von Weltmeisterschaftsbronze 2001 hinter dem Norweger Olaf Tufte und Iztok Čop. 2002 und 2003 verpasste er als Vierter jeweils nur knapp die Medaillenplätze. 2004 gewann Chalupa letztmals ein Weltcuprennen im Einer, denn nach dem fünften Platz bei den Olympischen Spielen in Athen löste ihn Ondřej Synek im Einer ab.

2005 und 2006 saß Chalupa im tschechischen Doppelvierer und erreichte auch jeweils das Weltmeisterschaftsfinale. 2007 ruderte er im Doppelzweier und nach einem enttäuschenden 16. Platz bei den Weltmeisterschaften in München startete er bei den Europameisterschaften im Achter und gewann hier seinen einzigen internationalen Titel. Auch 2008 trat Chalupa als Riemenruderer auf, mit Jakub Makovička belegte er im Zweier ohne Steuermann den achten Platz bei den Olympischen Spielen in Peking. Auch in seiner letzten Regattasaison 2009 startete Chalupa mit Makovička im Zweier ohne, bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Posen belegten sie den zehnten Platz; zusammen mit Steuermann Oldřich Hejdušek traten sie auch in der nichtolympischen Bootsklasse Zweier mit Steuermann an und gewannen die Silbermedaille hinter dem Zweier aus den Vereinigten Staaten.

2012 erhielt Chalupa vom Ruderweltverband FISA die Thomas-Keller-Medaille.

Weblinks

Ruderer (Tschechoslowakei)
Ruderer (Tschechien)
Olympiateilnehmer (Tschechoslowakei)
Olympiateilnehmer (Tschechien)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1988
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1992
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1996
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2000
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2004
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2008
Europameister (Rudern)
Tschechoslowake
Tscheche
Geboren 1967
Mann

Václav Chalupa


Chihuahua er fylki í  norðvestur-Mexíkó. Það er stærsta fylki landsins eða 247.460 km2. Íbúar eru um 3,7 milljónir (2020). Höfuðborgin er Chihuahua-borg en stærsta borgin er Ciudad Juárez.

Sierra Madre Occidental-fjallgarðurinn er framhald af Klettafjöllum og fer í gegnum fylkið. Hæsti tindurinn er um 3.300 m. La Barranca del Cobre (Kopargljúfur) er gríðarstórt gljúfur með hæstu fossum landsins. Þrátt fyrir að fylkið sé kennt við Chihuahua-eyðimörkina er það mest skógi vaxna fylkið í landinu.

Orðið Chihuahua kemur líklega úr nahúatl-frumbyggjamáli.

Fylki Mexíkó

Chihuahua (fylki)


Esta é uma lista de prefeitos e vice-prefeitos do município baiano de Tanque Novo, desde sua emancipação em 1985.

Relação de Prefeitos Municipais desde a emancipação

 Legenda

Ver também
Tanque Novo

Ligações externas
 Página da Prefeitura Municipal
 Página da Câmara Municipal

Tanque Novo
Tanque Novo

Lista de prefeitos de Tanque Novo


Akpınar, Kahramanmaraş ilinin Ekinözü ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Kahramanmaraş iline 177 km, Ekinözü ilçesine 6 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Ekinözü'nün mahalleleri

Akpınar, Ekinözü


بلدة عين حور بلدة سورية تابعة لمدينة الزبداني التابعة بدورها لمحافظة ريف دمشق، ترتفع 1480 م عن سطح البحر تقع شرق الحدود السورية اللبنانية، على الجهة الغربية للطريق الواصل بين ناحية سرغايا و [[الزبداني|مدينة الزبداني
عين حور
Ain Hoor

بلدة صغيرة تابعة لناحية سرغايا التابعة بدورها إلى مدينة الزبداني

تقع بلدة عين حور إلى الجهة الشمالية لمدينة الزبداني وإلى الناحية الجنوبية لسرغايا
وتحدها من الشرق جبال الشقيف ومن الغرب جبال من سلسلة لبنان الشرقية
فهي صلة الوصل بين الزبداني وسرغايا
-	تبعد عن الزبداني حوالى ال8 كم وعن سرغايا حوالي 3 كم
-	تبعد دمشق عنها قرابة ال60 كم
-	عدد سكانها قرابة 3500 نسمة
-	احدثت بلديتها عام 1989 ميلادي
-	ادني انخفاض بها 1350 متر عن سطح البحر واعلى نقطة منها هي 2400 متر

انظر أيضا
قائمة بلدات سوريا

مصادر
سبب التسمية هو كثرة شجر الحور حول عين الماء في القرية

مراجع وهوامش

أماكن مأهولة في منطقة الزبداني
بلدات سوريا
تجمعات سنية في سوريا
قرى محافظة ريف دمشق

عين حور


Zambon ist der Name folgender Unternehmen:
 Zambon-Verlag
 Officine Meccaniche A. Zambon & C.

Zambon


An Calamagrostis sublanceolata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Masaji Masazi Honda. An Calamagrostis sublanceolata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Calamagrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Taiwan. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Calamagrostis

Calamagrostis sublanceolata