الحَوضُ العظيم ، هي منطقة كبيرة قاحلة في غرب الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. تقع بشكل تقريبي بين  جبال واساتش في يوتا وسييرا نيفادا، وليس لها أي اتصال مع البحر، ولذلك فهي حوض مغلق.

البيئة

يحتوي الحوض الكبير الهيدروغرافي على صحارى وبيئات متعددة، ولكل منها مجموعة مميزة من النباتات والحيوانات. الحدود البيئية والانقسامات في الحوض الكبير غير واضحة.

يتداخل الحوض الكبير مع أربعة صحارى مختلفة: أجزاء من موجاف وكولورادو الساخنة (منطقة داخل صحراء سونوران) صحارى إلى الجنوب، وبارد غريت باسين وأوريجون هاي ديسرتس في الشمال. يمكن تمييز الصحارى عن طريق نباتاتها: شجرة جوشوا وكريوسوت بوش تكون في الصحاري الساخنة، في حين أن الصحاري الباردة لا. الصحاري الباردة عموما أعلى من الساخنة، ويكون هطول الأمطار على مدار العام.

المناخ والنباتات في الحوض العظيم تعتمد بقوة على الارتفاع: مع الارتفاع، يزداد هطول الأمطار ودرجة الحرارة تنخفض. وبسبب هذا، تنموا الغابات في المرتفعات العليا.

ولأن النظام الإيكولوجي للغابات متميز عن الصحراء النموذجية، فإن بعض السلطات، مثل الصندوق العالمي للحياة البرية، تفصل جبال صحراء الحوض الكبير إلى منطقة بيئية خاصة بها: غابات مونتين غريت باسين. العديد من الأنواع النادرة والمستوطنة تعيش في هذه المنطقة البيئية، لأن سلاسل الجبال الفردية معزولة عن بعضها البعض. خلال العصر الجليدي الأخير، كان الحوض الكبير أكثر رطوبة. كما جفت خلال الهولوسين، تراجعت بعض الأنواع إلى الجبال المعزولة العليا ولها تنوع وراثي مرتفع.

وتقسم السلطات الأخرى الحوض الكبير إلى مناطق بيئية مختلفة، وفقا لمعاييرها الخاصة. عرف أرمن تختاجان «الحوض العظيم لزراعة الحوض». وتقسم وكالة حماية البيئة الأمريكية الحوض الكبير إلى ثلاث مناطق ايكولوجية تقريبا وفقا لخطوط العرض: المنطقة البيئية للحوض الشمالي والمدى، والحوض المركزي للمناطق والمراعي، وحوض إيكوي، ومحيط موجاف.

مراجع

 USGS: Geologic Provinces of the United States: Basin and Range Province
 Basin and Range, John McPhee (1980)
 The Sagebrush Ocean: A Natural History of the Great Basin, Stephen Trimble (1999) ISBN - 0874173434
 USGS: North America Basins Map

الحوض العظيم
أحواض تصريف مياه في أمريكا الشمالية
أقاليم نباتية
مناطق غرب الولايات المتحدة
مناطق مقسمة
مناطق ولاية نيفادا
مناطق يوتا

الحوض العظيم


වායී ලෙන් යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියාවේ මහාරාෂ්ට්‍රයේ වායී සිට 7 km පමණ උතුරින් ලෝනාරා ප්‍රදේශයේ පිහිටි බෞද්ධ ලෙන් 9කින් යුත් සමූහයකි.
මෙහි චෛත්‍ය ශාලාවෙහි වූ ස්තූපය ශිව දේවාලයක් බවට පත්කොට ඇත.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

ඉන්දියාවේ බෞද්ධ ලෙන්
ඉන්දියානු ශෛලමය ගෘහනිර්මාණ ශිල්පය
ඉන්දියාවේ පැරණි ජනාවාස පැවති ස්ථාන
මහාරාෂ්ට්‍රයේ ලෙන්
ඉන්දියාවේ බෞද්ධ වන්දනා ස්ථාන

වායී ලෙන්


Filozofski fakultet u Rijeci, visokoškolska ustanova, članica Sveučilišta u Rijeci. Izvodi preddiplomske, diplomske i postdiplomske studije iz društvenog i humanističkog područja. Izdaje znanstvene i stručne knjige, znanstvene časopise (Psihologijske teme, Fluminensia, European Journal of Analytic Philosophy, Ikon, Časopis za povijest zapadne Hrvatske) i provodi niz nacionalnih i međunarodnih znanstvenih projekata. Pod sadašnjim imenom djeluje od 1998. Od siječnja 2011. djeluje na Sveučilišnom kampusu na Trsatu. Organiziran je u 11 odsjeka i jednu katedru. Na fakultetu djeluje nekoliko centara i škola u kojima se provodi znanstvena i istraživačka djelatnost, te djelatnost po načelima povezivanja prakse, znanosti, umjetnosti i visokog obrazovanja.

Povijest
Današnji Filozofski fakultet ima podrijetlo u Višoj stručnoj pedagoškoj školi koja je djelovala u Rijeci (1953.), te u pedagoškim akademijama koje su djelovale u Rijeci (1960.), Puli (1961.) i Gospiću (1963.). Viša stručna pedagoška škola prerasta u Visoku industrijsko-pedagošku školu (1962.), zatim i u Fakultet industrijske pedagogije (1972.). Udruživanjem Fakulteta industrijske pedagogije i pedagoških akademija iz Rijeke, Pule i Gospića nastao je 1977. riječki Pedagoški fakultet. Uz društvene i humanističke studije, Pedagoški fakultet je naslijedio i studijske grupe svojih prethodnica: studije fizike, matematike, politehnike, praktične nastave, razredne nastave, predškolskoga odgoja, likovnih umjetnosti.

Pedagoški fakultet mijenja ime u Filozofski fakultet 27. veljače 1998. Povećava se broj studijskih grupa, i razvijaju poslijediplomski studiji iz humanističkih i društvenih područja. Ubrzo se iz sastava Filozofskog fakulteta izdvajaju studiji predškolskoga odgoja i razredne nastave pa 1998. nastaje Visoka učiteljska škola. Izdvajanjem Odsjeka za likovnu kulturu započeto je formiranje današnje riječke Akademije primijenjenih umjetnosti. Studiji matematike, fizike i informatike se odlukom sveučilišnog senata 2007./2008. izdvajaju iz sastava Filozofskog fakulteta i postaju Sveučilišni odjeli za matematiku, informatiku i fiziku.

Od 2011. Filozofski fakultet izvodi i studij talijanistike.

Organizacija i uprava

Odsjeci i katedre
Odsjek za anglistiku
Odsjek za filozofiju
Odsjek za germanistiku
Odsjek za kroatistiku
Odsjek za kulturalne studije
Odsjek za politehniku
Odsjek za pedagogiju
Odsjek za povijest
Odsjek za povijest umjetnosti
Odsjek za psihologiju
Odsjek za talijanistiku
Katedra za tjelesnu i zdravstvenu kulturu

Centri i škole
Riječka kroatistička škola
Centar za obrazovanje nastavnika
Centar za ikonografske studije
Centar za jezična istraživanja
Centar za ženske studije
Bilingualism Matters@Rijeka, ogranak centra Bilingualism Matters sa Sveučilišta u Edinburghu

Dekanica
izv. prof. dr. sc. Ines Srdoč-Konestra

Prodekani
prof. dr. sc. Alessandra Pokrajac-Bulian, prodekanica za znanost i međunarodnu suradnju
doc. dr. sc. Irena Vodopija-Krstanović, prodekanica za nastavu i studente
mr. sc. Gordan Đurović, v. pred., prodekan za opće poslove

Vidi još
Studentski centar Rijeka

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Web stranice Filozofskog fakulteta u Rijeci

Rijeka
Odgoj i obrazovanje u Rijeci

Filozofski fakultet u Rijeci


Sarra Guezguez (transliteração em árabe: سارة•قزقز, Masakin, 12 de abril de 2005) é uma velejadora tunisiana. Ela representou a Tunísia nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020, realizados em Tóquio no Japão.

Biografia
Eya Guezquez nasceu em Masakin, cidade localizada no nordeste da Tunísia no ano de 2005.  Treinou no clube de vela Club Nautique de la Marine Tunisienne, localizado no município de La Goulette.

No ano de 2021, participou dos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020, realizados em Tóquio, capital do Japão. Em parceria com sua irmã gêmea, Eya Guezguez, fizeram sua estreia nas Olimpíadas na categoria 49er FX feminino onde conquistaram o vigésimo primeiro lugar para a Tunísia- com apenas dezesseis anos.

Acidente
Em um treino realizado num domingo na costa marítima da Tunísia, na data de 10 de abril de 2022, o barco onde estavam Eya e Sarra naufragou devido a forte velocidade do vento. Eya não resistiu ao afogamento, tendo morrido aos dezessete anos de idade. Sarra sobreviveu ao acidente. A veracidade da informação foi dada pelo Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI).

Nascidos em 2005
Velejadores da Tunísia
Velejadores olímpicos da Tunísia
Pessoas gêmeas

Sarra Guezguez


جواز بقرار جمهوري هو فيلم كوميدي مصري تدور أحداثه حول شاب مصري فقير يعيش في حارة ميمون القرد بقلعة الكبش ويعمل بوزارة الخارجية وفي بداية حياته مرتبط بريهام وهي فتاه من طبقة أعلى منه اجتماعيا وتعمل بوزارة السياحة ويقوم بإرسال دعوة زفاف لرئيس الجمهورية محمد حسني مبارك وبالمصادفة يقبل الرئيس الدعوة وتحدث العديد من المفارقات الكوميدية.الفيلم قصة وسيناريو وحوار محسن الجلاد واخراج خالد يوسف

الممثلون
 هاني رمزي (ممثل) عمرو بيومي الوكيل
 حنان ترك ريهام حبيبة عمرو
 حسن حسني شكري سكرتير مكتب الرئيس
 سعيد صالح بيومي والد عمرو
 سناء يونس والدة عمرو
 شعبان حسين والد ريهام ونائب مدير بنك
 سعاد نصر كريمة والدة ريهام
 ماهر عصام أيمن أخو عمرو
 راندا البحيري حبيبة أيمن
 محمد الصاوي (ممثل) مساعد شكري بك
 سليمان عيد لول صديق عمرو
 سيد مصطفى
 مجدي كامل أستاذ رمزي زميل ريهام بالعمل
 مخلص البحيري نيازي حسين نائب المحافظ
 سامي مغاوري فرغلي بك نائب الدائرة
 سامي سرحان رئيس عمرو في العمل
 سهام جلال
 فايق عزب
 مروه حسين نوال فتحي
 اشرف مصيلحي امام
 هانم محمد بائعة البط

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أفلام مصرية إنتاج 2001
أفلام كوميدية مصرية
أفلام سعيد صالح
ج
أفلام هاني رمزي
أفلام حسن حسني
أفلام عن الزواج
أفلام راندا البحيري
أفلام سناء يونس
أفلام سعاد نصر

جواز بقرار جمهوري (فيلم)


Glenea versuta é uma espécie de escaravelho da família Cerambycidae. Foi descrita por Newman em 1832. É conhecida a sua existência nas Filipinas.

Subespecie
 Glenea versuta palawanicola Breuning, 1956
 Glenea versuta versuta Newman, 1832

Referências

Borneo catalog 2005

versuta
Coleópteros descritos em 1832

Glenea versuta


Španjolska književnost općenito se odnosi na književnost (španjolsku poeziju, prozu i dramu) napisanu na španjolskom jeziku na teritoriju koji trenutno predstavlja Španjolsku. Njen razvoj podudara se i često se preklapa s drugim književnim tradicijama iz regija unutar istog teritorija, posebno katalonske književnosti, galicijskog dijela, kao i latinske, židovske i arapske književne tradicije Pirenejskog poluotoka. Književnost Španjolske Amerike važna je grana španjolske književnosti, sa svojim prepoznatljivim obilježjima koja datiraju iz najranijih godina španjolskog osvajanja Amerike.

Rimsko osvajanje i okupacija Pirenejskog poluotoka početkom 3. stoljeća prije Krista donijeli su latinsku kulturu na španjolska područja. Dolaskom muslimanskih osvajača 711. godine stižu kulture Bliskog i Dalekog istoka. U srednjovjekovnoj španjolskoj književnosti, najraniji zabilježeni primjeri narodne romantične književnosti spajaju muslimansku, židovsku i kršćansku kulturu. Jedno od značajnih djela je ep "Pjesma o Cidu", napisan 1140. godine. Španjolska proza stekla je popularnost sredinom 13. stoljeća. Lirska poezija srednjeg vijeka uključuje pučke pjesme i dvorsku poeziju plemstva. Tijekom 15. stoljeća došlo je do predrenesanse i književna aktivnost znatno se povećala. U renesansi su važni bili: poezija, vjerska književnost i proza. U doba baroka 17. stoljeća važna su djela bila proza Francisca de Queveda i Baltasara Graciana. Najistaknuti autor bio je Miguel de Cervantes, poznat po svom remek-djelu "Don Quijote".

U doba prosvjetiteljstva 18. stoljeća značajna djela uključuju prozu Feijóoa, Jovellanosa i Cadalsa; pjesnike kao što su: Juan Melendez Valdes, Tomás de Iriarte i Felix Mario Samaniego; i kazališne radove s Leandrom Fernándezom de Moratinom, Ramonom de la Cruzom i Vicenteom Garcíom de la Huertom. U romantizmu (početak 19. st.) važne su: poezija Joséa de Espronsede i drugih pjesnika, proza, kazalište s Ángelom de Saavedrom (vojvoda od Rivasa), Joséom Zorillom i drugim autorima. U realizmu (kraj 19. st.), koji se miješa s naturalizmom, važni autori su: Juan Valera, José María de Pereda, Benito Pérez Galdos, Emilio Pardo Bazan, Leopold Alas (Clarina), Armando Palacio Valdes i Vicente Blasco Ibáñez; poezija s Ramonom de Campoamorom, Gasparom Núñezom de Arceom i drugim pjesnicima; kazalište s Joséom Echegarayem, Manuelom Tamayom i Bausom i drugim dramaturzima; i književni kritičari kao što je Menendez Pelay.

U modernizmu se javlja nekoliko struja: parnasovstvo, simbolizam, futurizam i kreacionizam. Uništenje španjolske flote na Kubi od strane SAD-a 1898. izazvalo je krizu u Španjolskoj. Skupina mlađih pisaca, među kojima su bili: Miguel de Unamuno, Pio Baroja i José Martínez Ruiz (Azorin), unijeli su promjene u oblik i sadržaj književnosti. Do 1914. godine te izbijanja Prvog svjetskog rata i objavljivanja prvog velikog djela vodećeg glasa ove generacije, Joséa Ortege y Gasseta - brojni nešto mlađi pisci uspostavili su svoje mjesto na španjolskom kulturnom polju. Među vodećim glasovima su pjesnik: Juan Ramón Jiménez, akademik i esejist Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Gregorio Marañon, Manuel Azanillo, Eugen d'Orzo i Ortega y Gasset, te romanopisci Gabriel Miró, Ramón Pérez de Ayala i Ramón Gómez de la Serna. Oko 1920. mlađa skupina književnika - uglavnom pjesnika - počela je objavljivati djela koja su od svojih početaka otkrivala koliko su mlađi umjetnici upili književne eksperimente pisaca iz 1898. i 1914. Pjesnici su bili usko vezani uz formalne akademije. Romanopisci kao što su: Benjamin Harnez, Rosa Chasel, Francisco Ayala i Ramon H. Sender bili su podjednako eksperimentalni i akademski.

Španjolski građanski rat imao je razoran učinak na španjolsku književnost. Među šačicom pjesnika i pisaca građanskog rata ističu se Miguel Hernandez i Antonio Machado. Tijekom rane diktature (1939.–1955.), književnost je slijedila viziju diktatora Francisca Franca o drugom, katoličkom španjolskom zlatnom dobu. Sredinom 1950-ih, kao i u romanu, odrasta nova generacija koji su kao djeca preživjeli Španjolski građanski rat. Početkom 1960-ih španjolski su se autori upustili u nemirno književno eksperimentiranje. Kada je Franco umro 1975., važno djelo uspostave demokracije imalo je neposredan utjecaj na španjolsku književnost. Tijekom sljedećih nekoliko godina mnoštvo mladih pisaca, uključujući: Juana Joséa Milasa, Rosu Montero Gayo, Javiera Maríasa, Luisa Matea Dieza, Joséa Maríju Merino, Félixa de Azúu, Cristinu Fernández Cubas, Enriquea Villa-Matasa, Carme Riera i kasnije Antonio Muñoz Molina i Almudena Grandes, počeli su sebi raditi istaknuto mjesto na španjolskom kulturnom polju.

Izvori

Španjolska književnost


The Log Cabin Republicans (LCR) is an organization affiliated with the Republican Party which advocates for equal rights for LGBT+ Americans.

History
Log Cabin Republicans was founded in 1977 in California as a rallying point for Republicans opposed to the Briggs Initiative, which attempted to ban homosexuals from teaching in public schools. In addition to sanctioning the termination of openly gay and lesbian teachers, the proposed legislation authorized the firing of those teachers who publicly "supported" homosexuality.

While mounting his imminent presidential campaign, Ronald Reagan publicly expressed his opposition to the discriminatory policy. Reagan's condemnation of the bill—epitomized in a letter sent to a pro-Briggs group, excerpts of which were re-printed in the San Francisco Chronicle in 1978—played an influential role in the eventual defeat of the Briggs Initiative.

In the midst of this victory, gay conservatives in California created the Log Cabin Republicans. The group initially proposed to name themselves Lincoln Club, but found that name was already in use by the Lincoln Club of Orange County, another California Republican organization, so the name Log Cabin Republicans was chosen as an alternative title. This designation calls attention to the first Republican president, Abraham Lincoln. The Log Cabin Republicans suggest that Lincoln founded the Republican Party on the philosophies of liberty and equality.  These principles, Log Cabin argues, are consistent with their platform of an inclusive Republican Party.

1992 presidential election
The 1992 Log Cabin Republican convention was held in Spring, Texas, a Houston exurb.  The main point of discussion was whether or not LCR would endorse the re-election of President George H. W. Bush. The group voted to deny that endorsement because Bush did not denounce anti-gay rhetoric at the 1992 Republican National Convention.

1996 presidential election
In August 1995, the campaign of Republican presidential candidate, Bob Dole, returned the LCR's $1,000 campaign contribution. The campaign returned the contribution after the openly lesbian columnist, Deb Price, of the Detroit News, asked about it after she saw it on a public report from the Federal Elections Commission.  The campaign sent a written statement to Price saying that Dole was in "100% disagreement with the agenda of the Log Cabin Republicans." The finance office of the campaign had solicited the contribution from LCR. At the event where it was given, Dole had personally spoken with LCR's then-executive director, Rich Tafel, about the group and about AIDS legislation it was promoting in the Senate. Weeks earlier, Dole agreed to co-sponsor the legislation after a meeting with Tafel at the campaign's headquarters.  It resulted in a front-page story in The New York Times, penned by Richard L. Berke, then-chief political reporter for the daily.

As reporters, including Berke, were seeking confirmation of the story before it broke, Dole's finance chairman, John Moran, asked Tafel not to speak to the press and that Tafel's "steadfastness and statesmanship at this moment will be handsomely appreciated in the long run by the campaign."  Tafel refused.

Pundits accused Dole of being a "flip-flopper and a hypocrite."  Editorials ran in major newspapers, including The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Boston Globe, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, and The Times of London, condemning Dole's action, joined by radio commentators Rush Limbaugh and Don Imus.  Under the pressure, Dole admitted during an October 1995 press briefing on Capitol Hill that he regretted the decision to return the check, and that his campaign was responsible for it without consulting him.  "I think if they'd have consulted me, we wouldn't have done that, wouldn't have returned it," Dole said. Dole later told Washington Post editor and author Bob Woodward that the LCR episode was a "mistake" because the decision to return the check "gets into Bob Dole the person.  It's not so much about Bob Dole the candidate. It's the person.  Is he tolerant?  Does he tolerate different views?  Tolerate someone with a different lifestyle?"  He added, "This is basic, this is what people ought to know about you.  Are you going to just do this because it sounds good politically?"

LCR's leadership met with Dole's coalitions manager to discuss an endorsement after Dole's reversal.  Among various items, Tafel demanded there be no gay bashing in the speeches from the podium of the 1996 Republican National Convention, nor any anti-homosexual signs on the convention floor.  He also wanted to see a gay person address the convention and a public request from Dole's campaign for the LCR nod. On the closing night of the convention, Stephen Fong, then-president of the San Francisco chapter, spoke at the dais as part of a series of speeches from "mainstreet Americans," but was not publicly identified as gay. Nevertheless, his presence on the podium for the organization and for the gay and lesbian community "was something that would have been unimaginable four years earlier," Tafel later wrote. Fong was the first openly gay speaker at a Republican National Convention.

Two days later, Dole spokesperson Christina Martin told a reporter that the campaign "welcomed the endorsement of the Log Cabin Republicans."  LCR voted to endorse Dole for President, and then-Republican National Committee chairman Haley Barbour approved the use of the RNC's press briefing room for Tafel, LCR's convention delegates and officers of its national board to announce their decision.

Later in the campaign, Tafel met with Dole's chief aide Sheila Burke, and the remaining demands LCR made for their endorsement were met.  In a statement released by LCR, and confirmed to reporters by the campaign, Dole had pledged to maintain an executive order prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation in the federal workforce and full funding for AIDS programs.

2000 presidential election
The group endorsed George W. Bush in 2000.

2004 presidential election
Due to his support of the Federal Marriage Amendment, the group declined to endorse the reelection of George W. Bush in 2004. The proposed amendment would have constitutionally defined marriage as exclusively between one man and one woman. Bush's defense of the FMA led the group to vote 22 to 2 against an endorsement of his reelection. The Palm Beach County chapter in Florida did endorse him, resulting in the revocation of their charter.

2008 presidential election
In September 2008, LCR voted to endorse the John McCain–Sarah Palin ticket in the 2008 presidential election. LCR President Patrick Sammon said the most important reason for their support was McCain's opposition to the proposed constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriage.

2012 presidential election
On 23 October 2012, LCR officially endorsed Mitt Romney despite Romney's commitment to a constitutional amendment barring gays and lesbians from marriage nationwide and his objection to the repeal of the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy on military service. In a public statement, LCR said it supported Romney due to the "gravity of the economic and national security issues currently at stake". Moreover, LCR expressed its hope that Romney would reconsider his opposition to the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, but he did not.

2016 presidential election
On October 22, 2016, the board members of LCR voted not to endorse the Republican nominee for president, Donald Trump. In defiance, the LCR statewide chapters of Colorado, Georgia, and Texas, along with the LCR countywide chapter of Orange County, California and the LCR city chapters of Houston, Texas; Los Angeles, California; Miami, Florida; and Cleveland, Ohio; voted to endorse Donald Trump.

Nationwide, exit polls estimated that Trump received the lowest percentage of the LGBT vote by any Republican presidential candidate since the metric was first included in Presidential polls in 1992. Trump received only 14% of the LGBT vote, a significant decline from Mitt Romney who received 22% in 2012.

On November 9, 2016, the national LCR congratulated Donald Trump on his victory.

2020 presidential endorsement

In November 2018, Jerri Ann Henry became the first woman to serve as Log Cabin executive director. A month later, she said in a television interview that, while she perceived Trump as having been "vocally supportive" of LGBT people compared to other Republican presidents and presidential candidates, nevertheless there had been "a lot of ups and downs in the last two years with some of the administration's actions."

Despite the reservations of their executive director, the Log Cabins endorsed Trump over a year in advance of the election. On August 16, 2019, chair Robert Kabel and vice chair Jill Homan gave their reasons for the endorsement in a Washington Post op-ed. Three women resigned in protest: board member Jennifer Horn (who earlier in the year had served as campaign manager for Trump's 2020 primary challenger Bill Weld), Log Cabin's first woman board member Sarah Longwell, and executive director Jerri Ann Henry.

Log Cabin Republicans v. United States

A lawsuit filed by LCR in federal court challenging the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (DADT) policy, which excluded homosexuals from openly serving in the U.S. military, went to trial on July 13, 2010, presided by Judge Virginia Phillips. LCR argued that the policy violates the rights of homosexual military members to free speech, due process and open association. The government argued that DADT was necessary to advance a legitimate governmental interest. LCR introduced several admissions by President Barack Obama, including that DADT "doesn't contribute to our national security," "weakens our national security," and that reversing DADT is "essential for our national security". Rather than address plaintiff's claims or bring evidence to support their own claims of national interest, the government relied exclusively on the policy's 1993 legislative history.

On September 9, 2010, Phillips ruled in favor of plaintiffs, finding that DADT violates the First and Fifth Amendments to the United States Constitution.

On September 29, 2011, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit vacated the district court's decision, ruling that the legislative repeal of "don't ask, don't tell" by President Barack Obama and the outgoing Democratic congressional majority in December 2010 rendered the case moot. The dismissal left the lower court ruling without value as precedent.

Platform
LCR acts under the statement: "We are loyal Republicans. We believe in limited government, strong national defense, free markets, low taxes, personal responsibility, and individual liberty. Log Cabin Republicans represents an important part of the American family—taxpaying, hard working people who proudly believe in this nation's greatness. We also believe all Americans have the right to liberty and equality. We believe equality for LGBT Americans is in the finest tradition of the Republican Party. We educate our Party about why inclusion wins. Opposing gay and lesbian equality is inconsistent with the GOP's core principles of smaller government and personal freedom."

On social issues, LCR either dissents from social conservatism or is neutral. On matters relating to gay and lesbian rights, LCR advocates for same-sex marriage and tax equity for domestic partner benefits. The LCR website also contains an 'Equality Map' giving information on state laws in areas from employment discrimination and relationship recognition to hate crimes protections and anti-bullying laws.

LCR takes no official position on abortion.

On the issue of national defense: "Log Cabin Republicans believe in a confident foreign policy and a strong national defense.  As the world's sole military superpower, it is vital that the United States remain ready and able to shoulder its responsibilities in the global arena while standing as a beacon of freedom.  Log Cabin Republicans call attention to the cruel and abusive treatment of gays and lesbians worldwide, particularly as it coincides with authoritarian regimes renowned for supporting terrorism and disregarding other basic human rights."

Nationally, LCR argues that transgender people, alongside gay, lesbian, and bisexual people, should have the right to adopt and to be free of workplace and housing discrimination. They support decriminalization of being transgender worldwide. In 2017, the LCR asked Donald Trump to reinstate Obama-era protections for transgender students, including freedoms to use the bathroom that aligns with their gender identity.

However, in the early 2020s, local chapters have taken positions against transgender rights. The New Hampshire and Texas chapters support laws that "out" transgender youth to their families and refuse gender-affirming care to youth. In 2022, members of the San Antonio chapter joined an armed protest of a Christmas-themed drag show at the Aztec Theatre (though LCR's president, Charles Moran, said he had no knowledge of the chapter's involvement). Moran, when Florida's "Don't Say Gay" bill was being drafted, advised the sponsor against requiring teachers to inform parents that their children may be gay or transgender. However, he otherwise agreed with the DeSantis administration's actions to restrict children's access to information about LGBT people.

In 2023, the Virginia chapter of the Log Cabin Republicans supported Governor Glenn Youngkin's LGBTQ+ policies, with LCR president Charles Moran endorsing "common-sense protections for biological women" and criticizing "radical gender theory" being allegedly taught in schools. This move was criticized by local LGBTQ+ advocacy group Equality Virginia.

When the Human Rights Campaign issued a state of emergency for the LGBT community, Moran condemned the HRC, citing Biden's signing of a law supporting same-sex marriage as an argument for why LGBT people were not currently in danger. In this statement, Moran spoke derisively of trans liberation, stating that, "the HRC is destructively redefining support for the LGBT community around trans surgeries for minors, biological men competing in women's sports, and sex and gender identity lessons in kindergarten."

Membership

Chapters
Since 1977, LCR has expanded across the United States and has 35 chapters, representing 26 states and the District of Columbia:

 Arizona
 Arkansas
 California
 Los Angeles
 Marin County
 Orange County
 Palm Springs
 Sacramento
 San Diego
 San Francisco
 Sequoias
 Silicon Valley
 UCB / Alameda County
 Ventura County
 Colorado
 Delaware
 District of Columbia
 Florida
 Broward
 Miami
 Northeast / Jacksonville
 Tampa Bay
 Central / Orlando
 Georgia
 Illinois
 Iowa
 Louisiana
 Maryland
 Massachusetts
 Michigan
 Minnesota
 Nevada
 New Hampshire
 New York
 Hudson Valley
 New York City
 North Carolina
 Ohio
 Cleveland
 Northeast Ohio
 Oklahoma
 Oregon
 Pennsylvania
 Rhode Island
 South Carolina
 Tennessee
 Texas
 Austin
 Dallas
 Houston
 San Antonio
 Fort Worth
 Utah
 Virginia
 Northern Virginia
 Richmond
 Washington
 Wisconsin (Chapter has been dissolved as of March 2022)

Criticism
LCR has been criticized for failing to promote Republican principles. Focusing on "the battle for gay and lesbian civil rights" at its March–April 2005 convention and Liberty Education Forum National Symposium, panel topics included "Corporate Diversity"; "Family Fairness"; and "Is Sexual Orientation a Choice?"  This caused two Washington Post opinion columnists to say that "the Log Cabin Republicans are looking less and less Republican." As of 2022, the Texas GOP Convention has refused to allow the LCR to have a booth at the convention for at least twenty years. The state party's position has been criticized by Donald Trump Jr and by Richard Grenell.

In 2012, the Log Cabin Republicans were criticized by advocates of gay rights and marriage equality for endorsing Republican candidates who advocated new limitations on the legal rights of gay Americans as well as the retention of current discriminatory laws and policies.

Some in the LGBT community have expressed dissatisfaction with LCR, viewing it as a centrist organization that does not represent LGBT economic conservatives. In 2009, two former LCR members, Christopher R. Barron and Jimmy LaSalvia, formed GOProud to represent LGBT economic conservatives and libertarians; it was dissolved in 2014.

LCR president Greg Angelo described the "preservation of LGBT rights and support for the LGBT community" as hallmarks of Donald Trump's 2016 Presidential campaign, and asserted that support would continue during his presidency. On that same day as these comments were made, The New York Times reported that the Trump administration had rescinded Obama-era guidance on transgender students' rights. David Badash, editor-in-chief and founder of the New Civil Rights Movement has criticized LCR for not opposing this action.  In 2017, Angelo described Trump as "the most pro-LGBT Republican president in history." In a February 2018 interview, he said that Trump recognizes marriage equality as the "settled law of the land, sent a letter of congratulations and commemoration [on Log Cabin's 40th anniversary], and has people in his Cabinet who support marriage equality." Angelo therefore concluded that "Trump is even better for the LGBTQ community than former President Barack Obama".

LCR's decision to hire straight conservative Isabella Riley Moody as an "outspoken ambassador" for the group was questioned due to Moody's blatantly homophobic rhetoric. After stating in an interview that the LCR's statement of principles "really just grosses me out and makes me want to vomit" and posting on Twitter that "being 'gay and proud' is itself GROOMING," her name was removed from the group's website.

See also

 DeploraBall
 Deplorable Pride
 Gay Conservatives
 Gay Republicans (2004 film)
 Gays for Trump
 GOProud
 LGBT+ Conservatives, a similar organization affiliated with the British Conservative Party
 LGBTory, a similar organization affiliated with the Conservative Party of Canada
 LGBT conservatism in the United States

References
Notes

Bibliography
 Tafel, Richard (1999) Party Crasher, New York: Simon & Schuster.
 Woodward, Bob (1996) The Choice, New York: Simon & Schuster.

External links
 Log Cabin Republican homepage

1977 establishments in Washington, D.C.
Factions in the Republican Party (United States)
LGBT affiliate organizations of political parties
LGBT conservatism in the United States
LGBT political advocacy groups in the United States
LGBT political advocacy groups in Washington, D.C.
Organizations established in 1977
Republican Party (United States) organizations

Log Cabin Republicans


Pauropods are small, pale, millipede-like arthropods. Around 830 species in twelve families are found worldwide, living in soil and leaf mold. They look rather like centipedes, or millipedes, and may be a sister group of the latter. However, this is controversial, as a close relationship with Symphyla has also been posited.

Anatomy and ecology

Pauropods are soft, cylindrical animals with bodies  long.  They have neither eyes nor hearts, although they do have sensory organs which can detect light. The body segments have ventral tracheal/spiracular pouches forming apodemes similar to those in millipedes and Symphyla, although the trachea usually connected to these structures are absent in most species. There are five pairs of long sensory hairs (trichobothria) located throughout the body segments. Pauropods can usually be identified because of their distinctive anal plate, which is unique to pauropods. Different species of pauropods can be identified based on the size and shape of their anal plate. The antennae are branching, biramous, and segmented, which is distinctive for the group. Pauropods are usually either white or brown.

Pauropods live in the soil, (usually at densities of less than 100 per square metre [9/sq ft]), and under debris and leaf litter.

Discovery
The first pauropod species to be discovered and described was Pauropus huxleyi, found in London in 1866 by Lord Avebury. He wrote of the creature:Pauropus huxleyi is a bustling, active, neat and cleanly creature. It has, too, a look of cheerful intelligence, which forms a great contrast to the dull stupidity of the Diplopods, or the melancholy ferocity of most Chilopods.'In 1870, Packard discovered a species of North American pauropod, extending the group's range.

Reproduction and development
Pauropods, like all other myriapods, are gonochoric. Male pauropods place small packets of sperm on the ground, which the females then use to impregnate themselves with.They then deposit the fertilized eggs on the ground. Parthogenesis can occur in some species, especially when environmental conditions are unfavourable. Eggs undergo a short pupal stage before emerging as the first larval instar, which can have three or six pairs of legs depending on which order the species belongs to- Tetramerocerata start with three pairs and progress through instars with five, then six, then eight pairs of legs, up to nine or ten pairs as adults. In contrast, the first instar larvae of Hexamerocerata have six pairs of legs, and eleven as adults (see Evolution and Systematics).

Evolution and systematics
Only one fossil species has been reported: Eopauropus balticus a prehistoric species of pauropod that was found in Baltic Amber.

There are two orders: Hexamerocerata and Tetramerocerata; Hexamerocerata has a purely tropical range, while in Tetramerocerata most genera are subcosmopolitan. Hexamerocerata has a 6-segmented and strongly telescopic antennal stalk and a 12-segmented trunk with 12 tergites and 11 pairs of legs. The representatives are white and proportionately long and large. The one family in this order, Millotauropodidae, has one genus and a few species. Tetramerocerata has a 4-segmented and scarcely telescopic antennal stalk, 6 tergites, and 8–10 pairs of legs. Representatives of this order are often small (sometimes very small), and white or brownish. Most species have nine pairs of legs as adults. Adults in four genera (Cauvetauropus, Aletopauropus, Zygopauropus, and Amphipauropus) have only eight pairs of legs, however, and adult females in the genus Decapauropus have either nine or ten pairs of legs. The families in this order include Pauropodidae, Afrauropodidae, Brachypauropodidae, and Eurypauropodidae. Most genera and species belong to the family Pauropodidae.

Behavior and diet
Pauropods are shy of light, and will attempt to distance themselves from it. Pauropods occasionally migrate upwards or downwards throughout the soil based on moisture levels. They feed on mold, fungi, and occasionally even the root hairs of plants. Paurapods have a distinctive method of movement characterized by bursts of speed and frequent changes of direction.

As their bodies are too soft to be able to dig and burrow, Pauropods follow roots and crevices in the soil, sometimes all the way down to the surface of the groundwater.

Gallery

References

Further reading

External links

Checklist of British Pauropoda - Natural History Museum
Pauropoda - Ohio State University

Myriapods
Arthropod classes
Bartonian first appearances
Extant Eocene first appearances

Pauropoda


Buchtel est un village américain situé dans les comtés d'Athens et de Hocking, dans l'Ohio. Selon le recensement de 2010, sa population est de .

Liens externes

Village dans l'Ohio
Comté d'Athens
Comté de Hocking

Buchtel (Ohio)


Peter Francis Walter Kerr, 12. markis af Lothian KCVO (8. september 1922–11. oktober 2004) var en skotsk godsejer og britisk politiker.

Karriere
Peter Kerr var diplomat og politiker. Han var medlem af Overhuset i 1940–1999.

Under Suez-krisen i 1956 var han britisk delegeret ved FN's generalforsamling. I 1959 var han delegeret ved Europarådet, og han blev også  delegeret ved Vestunionen. I 1973–1977 var han medlem af Europa-Parlamentet.

I flere omgange havde Peter Kerr poster som juniorminister, bl.a. i sundhedsminsteriet og i udenrigsministeriet. Han var også indpisker (whip) i Overhuset.

Fra 1977 til 1985 indsatte tronfølgeren (Charles, prins af Wales) ham i forskellige embeder i Hertugdømmet Cornwall. Peter Kerr blev bl.a. formand for prins Charles's råd for hertugdømmet.

Markis af Lothian
Peter Kerrs farfar (Admiral of the fleet lord Walter Talbot Kerr) og morfar (William Walter Raleigh Kerr) var begge mandlige efterkommere af  William Kerr, 5. markis af Lothian.

Hans forældre var Marie Constance Annabel Kerr (1889–1929), der var datter af William Kerr, og Andrew William Kerr (1877–1929), der var sønnesøn af John Kerr (1794–1841), som var den 7. markis af Lothian.

I 1940 døde Philip Kerr, der var den 11. markis af Lothian. Philip Kerr efterlod sig ingen  børn, og titlen som den 12. markis af Lothian gik i arv til Peter Kerr, hvis far havde været fætter til Philip Kerr.

Ved Peter Kerrs død i 2004 blev hans ældste søn Michael Ancram (født 1945) den 13. markis af Lothian.

Lord Ralph Kerr (født 1957), der er Peter Kerrs yngste søn, er den nærmeste arving til titlen som markis af Lothian. Sønnesønnen John Walter Donald Peter Kerr (født 8. august 1988) er arving nummer to til titlen som markis af Lothian.

Familie
Peter Kerr giftede sig med Antonella Newland (1922–2007) den 30. april 1943. De fik fire døtre og to sønner:
Lady Mary Marianne Anne Kerr (født 20. marts 1944), hun giftede sig med Charles Graf von Westenholz (17. marts 1945 – 9. March 2006) den 6. april 1971. De fik tre sønner og har seks børnebørn:
Alexander Peter Frederick Graf von Westenholz (født 7. august 1971), han er forlovet med with Nia Wyn Jones. De har et barn:
Charles Peter Ralph von Westenholz (født 25. februar 2017)
Mark Henry Cosimo Graf von Westenholz (født 8. januar 1973), han giftede sig med  Melissa Sanders i 2005. De har tre sønner:
Otto Charles Michael von Westenholz (født 19. september 2006)
Ferdinand Rupert Henry von Westenholz (født 7. juli 2008)
Albert Louis Alexander von Westenholz (født 21. december 2011)
Nicholas Anthony Philip Graf von Westenholz (født 4. november 1975), han giftede sig med Nicole A. Hayes. De har to børn:
Maximilian Alexander John von Westenholz (født 20. september 2007)
Isabella Charlotte Mary von Westenholz (født 19. oktober 2009)

Michael Ancram, 13. markis af Lothian (født 7. juli 1945). Den 7. juni 1975 giftede han sig med lady Jane Fitzalan-Howard, der er den 16. lady Herries af Terregles. De har to døtre og to børnebørn.

Lady Cecil Nennella Therese Kerr (født 22. april 1948), den 1. juni 1974 giftede hun sig med Donald Angus Cameron, der er den 27. Chief for Clan Cameron (titel: Lochiel). De har fire børn og fem børnebørn:
Catherine Mary Cameron (født 1. marts 1975), hun er gift med Henry Trotter. De har to børn:
Alice Henrietta Trotter (født 12. maj 2009)
Alexander Donald Trotter (født 7. marts 2011)
Donald Andrew John Cameron, younger af Lochiel (nærmeste arving til posten som Chief for Clan Cameron) (født 26. november 1976), han er gift med Sarah Elizabeth Maclay. De har fire børn:
Donald Fergus Ralph Cameron (født 3. juli 2010)
Finnian Angus Peter Cameron (født 11 March 2012)
Rose Cameron (født 22. april 2014)
Ossian Francis Robert Cameron (født 8. oktober 2018)
Lucy Margot Therese Cameron (født 5. juli 1980)
Emily Frances Cameron (født 18. januar 1986)

Clare Amabel Margaret Kerr (født 15. april 1951), hun giftede sig med  James Oliver Charles FitzRoy, jarl af Euston (1947–2009) den 16. september 1972. I 1970–2009 var James FitzRoy den nærmeste arving til titlen som hertug af Grafton. Clare og James fik fem børn, og de har seks børnebørn:
Lady Louise Helen Mary FitzRoy (født 11. juni 1973), omkring 2008 giftede hun sig med  Charles Jerome Vaughan. De har én datter:
Cristabel Mary Vaughan (født 18. juni 2008)
Lady Emily Clare FitzRoy (født 6. december 1974), hun giftede sig med Connor Mullan i 2008.  De har to døtre:
Constance Mullan (født 2009)
Nancy Rose Mullan (født juli 2012)
Henry FitzRoy, 12. hertug af Grafton (født 6. april 1978), den 14. august 2010 giftede han sig med Olivia Margaret Sladen, datter af Simon Hogarth Sladen. De har tre børn.
Lady Charlotte Rose FitzRoy (født 10. marts 1983)
Lady Isobel Anne FitzRoy (født 1985)

Lady Elizabeth Marion Frances Kerr (født 1954), den 31. oktober 1981 giftede hun sig med Richard Scott, 10. hertug af Buccleuch. De har fire børn:
Lady Louisa Jane Therese Montagu Douglas Scott (født 1. oktober 1982), den 28. maj 2011 giftede hun sig med Rupert James Trotter. De har tre børn:
Molly Elizabeth Jane Trotter (født 20. august 2012)
Robin Peter Trotter (født 21. maj 2014)
Iris Julia Trotter (født 18. april 2017)
Walter Scott, jarl af Dalkeith  (født 2. august 1984), den 22. november 2014 giftede han sig med Elizabeth Cobbe.
Lord Charles David Peter Montagu Douglas Scott (født 20. april 1987)
Lady Amabel Clare Alice Montagu Douglas Scott (født 23. juni 1992)

Lord Ralph William Francis Joseph Kerr (født 1957) (nærmeste arving til titlen som markis af Lothian), han giftede sig med Lady Virginia FitzRoy den 6. september 1980 og blev skilt i 1987. I 1988 giftede han sig igen. Denne gang med Marie-Claire Black. De har seks børn:
John Walter Donald Peter Kerr (født 8. august 1988) (arving nummer to til titlen som markis af Lothian)
Frederick James Michael Ralph Kerr (født 1989)
Francis Andrew William George Kerr (født 1991)
Amabel Amy Antonella Kerr (født 5. januar 1995)
Minna Alice Priscilla Elizabeth Kerr (født 31. marts 1998)
Hugh Alexander Thomas Joseph Kerr (født 15. august 1999)

Noter

Markiser fra Skotland
Briter i 1900-tallet
Politikere fra Storbritannien

Peter Kerr, 12. markis af Lothian


Koninklijke Voetbalclub Kortrijk je belgijski nogometni klub iz Kortrijka. Natječe se u Belgijskoj prvoj diviziji A, u najjačem razredu belgijskog nogometa. Klub je osnovan 1901. godine kao SC Courtraisien, a od 1971. godine nose sadašnje ime. Domaće utakmice igra na Guldensporen Stadionu, koji može primiti 9.399 gledatelja, a stadion je dobio ime po Bitci zlatnih mamuza koja se odvila u Kortrijku 1302. godine.

Vanjske poveznice
Službene stranice

Kortrijk

KV Kortrijk


New Paltz est un village du comté d'Ulster, dans l'État de New York, aux États-Unis. En 2020, il compte une population de .

Démographie
Lors du recensement de 2010, le village comptait une population de , tandis qu'en 2020, elle s'élève à .

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Article connexe
 État de New York

Liens externes

Localité dans le comté d'Ulster (New York)
Village dans l'État de New York

New Paltz (village, New York)


Acest articol prezintă aparițiile discografice ale cântăreței americane Ariana Grande. Aceasta a lansat 5 albume de studio, cel puțin 65 discuri single, 2 discuri EP și 40 videoclipuri.

Albume de studio

"–" denotă că albumul a fost lansat dar nu a intrat în top

Discuri EP

"–" denotă că albumul a fost lansat dar nu a intrat în top

Discuri single

Colaborări

Discuri promoționale

Alte piese certificate

Videoclipuri

Referințe

Legături externe
 Official website
 Ariana Grande at AllMusic

Grande, Ariana
Ariana Grande

Discografia Arianei Grande


The American Association (AA) was a Minor League Baseball league that operated primarily in the Midwestern and South Central United States from 1902 to 1962 and 1969 to 1997. It was classified as a Triple-A league, which is one grade below Major League Baseball, for most of its existence.

A league champion was determined at the end of every season. The Louisville Colonels won 15 American Association titles, the most in the league's history, followed by the Indianapolis Indians (12) and the Columbus Red Birds (10).

Intermittently throughout its history, the American Association champion competed against the champion of the International League, which operated in the Eastern U.S., to determine an overall Triple-A champion. On rare occasions, the champion of the West Coast-based Pacific Coast League also participated. The first such meetings were called the Little World Series. Later, the teams would also compete in the Junior World Series, Triple-A World Series, and Triple-A Classic. Additional interleague play consisted of the regular season's Triple-A Alliance and Triple-A All-Star Game.

History

First run (1902–1962)

The American Association was formed in the fall of 1901 by Thomas J. Hickey, who had recently been appointed president of the Western League and was a founder of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues. Hickey resigned from the Western League to lead the new American Association, which elected not to join the National Association, thus becoming an "outlaw" league. The eight-team circuit fielded clubs in Columbus, Ohio; Indianapolis, Indiana; Kansas City, Missouri; Louisville, Kentucky; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Saint Paul, Minnesota; and Toledo, Ohio. The league's inaugural 140-game schedule was to be played from late April to late September 1902. At the end of that season, the first American Association championship was won by the Indianapolis Indians.

The American Association became members of the National Association after two seasons and was then classified as a Class A circuit. In 1912, it was reclassified as a Double-A league. Through the first 12 years of play, the AA established itself as one of the premier minor leagues in the country. Its teams, featuring former major league players and top minor leaguers, were both competitive and profitable.

In 1914, the newly-formed Federal League placed teams in Indianapolis and Kansas City as well as other locals near American Association teams. One of only a few franchise shifts in the first incarnation of the AA occurred in 1914 when the Toledo Mud Hens moved to Cleveland, Ohio, as the Cleveland Bearcats. Looking to keep the Federal League out of Cleveland, which would have been in direct competition with his American League franchise, owner Charles Somers brought in his Toledo team to share League Park with the Cleveland Naps. The club returned to Toledo two seasons later after the dissolution of the Federal League. The outbreak of World War I brought further difficulties. A 1917 44-game interleague schedule with the International League was called off before Opening Day. In 1918, following a federal government mandate that men of draft age, such as the AA's players, would be eligible for the draft, the league cancelled the rest of the season on July 21. The league resumed play after the war, in 1919, and continued to be a successful venture despite the decade's problems.

Much like other professional sports at the time, the 1920s were a golden age for the American Association. The league drew record crowds that witnessed fast-paced games usually dominated by offence. This success, as well as its forthcoming innovations, positioned the AA to fare well during the Great Depression. On June 9, 1930, the league's first night game was played in Indianapolis as the Indians defeated the St. Paul Saints, 1–0, at Washington Park. Its first All-Star Game was played in 1934. The Minneapolis Millers, who were in first place at midseason, beat the league's stars, 13–6.

Until 1931, the league champions were simply the regular season pennant winners. In 1932, the first playoffs were introduced for determining champions. The league was divided into two divisions with the top team in each division meeting in a best-of-seven series to determine a winner. The Columbus Red Birds beat the Minneapolis Millers, four games to two, for the first AA playoff championship. The system was utilized again in 1933, but abandoned when Columbus again bested Minneapolis and advanced to play in the Junior World Series despite the Millers having the best record. No playoffs were held in 1935. In 1936, the league adopted the Shaughnessy playoff system in which the top four teams qualified for postseason play. The AA would still recognize a pennant winner, but the playoff champion would represent the league at the Junior World Series and be the recipient of a Governors' Cup. In the semi-finals, Indianapolis ousted St. Paul, and the Milwaukee Brewers swept the Kansas City Blues. The Brewers went on to defeat the Indians, four games to one.

Unlike other minor leagues, the American Association survived the 1930s as the only circuit to play its full season schedule without stoppage, reducing its membership, or any teams disbanding. As with other leagues, it suffered from low attendance and a lesser quality of play during World War II, but quickly returned to a period of prosperity after the war. In 1946, the AA was reclassified again, this time as a Triple-A league.

During the 1948 season, Brooklyn Dodger Roy Campanella was reassigned to the Saint Paul Saints. On May 18, he become the first person to break the color barrier in the American Association when he took the field in a game.

The American Association's attendance base began to be eroded significantly in the 1950s and early 1960s due to expansion and westward migration of Major League Baseball teams into several of the AA's larger member cities, especially Milwaukee, Kansas City, and Minneapolis-Saint Paul. Another contributing factor was the increased frequency of televised games, both of MLB teams and the AA's own clubs, enticing fans to watch baseball from the comfort of their own homes. Toledo suffered such poor attendance that the team folded during the 1952 season and was transferred to Charleston, West Virginia. In 1952, the league lost the Milwaukee Brewers who were displaced by the National League's Milwaukee Braves. In 1959, the league expanded to 10 teams when it acquired three former Texas League clubs, but expensive and lengthy travel across the spread-out league coupled with dwindling attendance was damaging to what had once been a flourishing circuit. By 1961, the league had been reduced to six clubs—just one a charter city—after having lost Kansas City and Minneapolis–St. Paul to the major leagues.

After the 1962 season, the American Association disbanded, and some of its member teams were distributed between the Pacific Coast League (PCL) and the International League (IL), while others (the Louisville Colonels and Omaha Dodgers) folded altogether. The Indianapolis Indians joined the IL, and the Dallas-Fort Worth Rangers, Denver Bears, and Oklahoma City 89ers went to the PCL.

Second run (1969–1997)
With major league expansion in 1969 and the need for four new Triple-A farm teams, the American Association was revived. The creation of a third Triple-A league would alleviate some of the travel costs incurred by having only two leagues spread out across the country. The new American Association would field six teams in 1969. It re-acquired its old Indianapolis; Denver, Colorado; and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, territories from the PCL, revived the Omaha, Nebraska, franchise, and added two cities (Des Moines, Iowa, and Tulsa, Oklahoma) that were new to the circuit. The teams played a 140-game schedule with no All-Star Game or playoffs. In 1970, the AA returned to a two-division format, reintroduced the All-Star Game and playoffs, and expanded to eight cities with the addition of Wichita, Kansas, and Evansville, Indiana.

The 1970s were a stable time for the Association with strong attendance and only minor franchise shifts. The league thrived during the 1980s and 1990s, along with all of Minor League Baseball as an industry. Affordable ticket prices, exciting giveaways and promotions, and new ballparks helped lure fans, especially families, back to minor league games. Half of the top-ten drawing minor league clubs in 1985 were members of the American Association. From 1982 to 1986, the Louisville Redbirds led all of Minor League Baseball in attendance, including the 1983 season in which the club drew over one million fans.

From 1988 to 1991, the Association participated in interleague play with the International League as a part of the Triple-A Alliance. The two leagues played an interlocking schedule consisting of 40 to 44 interleague games per team. At the end of each season, an Alliance champion was determined in the Triple-A Classic, a best-of-seven postseason series. All three Triple-A leagues, began participating in the Triple-A All-Star Game in 1988. The first of these events was held at the Buffalo Bisons' newly-constructed Pilot Field on July 13, 1988. In the inaugural game, a team of American League-affiliated All-Stars defeated a team of National League affiliates, 2–1. High attendance in Buffalo and across the league helped the Association draw over 3.6 million fans in both 1988 and 1989, the highest ever recorded by a minor league.

The further expansion of Major League Baseball in 1998 spurred the re-alignment of the Triple-A classification from three leagues to two. The American Association disbanded for the second time following the 1997 season. The league's final championship was won by the Buffalo Bisons, who still possess the trophy. The AA's teams were again distributed to the remaining leagues for the 1998 season. The Iowa Cubs, Nashville Sounds, New Orleans Zephyrs, Oklahoma City 89ers, and Omaha Royals joined an enlarged, 16-team Pacific Coast League. The Buffalo Bisons, Indianapolis Indians and Louisville Redbirds became part of an expanded, 14-team International League.

Interleague play
On and off, the American Association champion played against the International League's champion in a postseason series similar to Major League Baseball's World Series. The first Little World Series, as it was called from 1904 to 1931, saw the IL's Buffalo Bisons defeat the AA's St. Paul Saints, 2–1. The series was held again in 1906 and 1907, but not played again until 1917. Due to the war, there was no series in 1918, but it was revived in 1919 and then played steadily through 1931. The 1919 event was named the Junior World Series, which became the official name of the series in 1932, and pitted the AA's champion against the Pacific Coast League's champion. The Junior World Series, with the AA versus the IL, continued from 1932 to 1962, and was held sporadically thereafter (1970, 1971, 1973, and 1975). American Association teams won 27 Little/Junior World Series. All three Triple-A leagues participated in the 1983 Triple-A World Series. As part of the Triple-A Alliance, the AA and IL champions met in the Triple-A Classic from 1988 to 1991. All four Classics were won by Association teams.

From 1988 until the league's demise in 1997, players from all three Triple-A leagues were selected to play in the mid-season Triple-A All-Star Game. One team was made up of All-Stars from American League affiliates and the other of National League affiliates.

Teams

1902–1962 Timeline

1969–1997 Timeline

Presidents
Fifteen presidents led the American Association:

 1902–1903: Thomas J. Hickey
 1904: J. Ed Grillo
 1905–1909: Joseph D. O'Brien
 1910–1916: Thomas M. Chivington
 1917–1934: Thomas J. Hickey
 1935–1944: George M. Troutman
 1945–1947: Roy Hamey
 1948–1952: Bruce Dudley
 1953–1959: Ed Doherty
 1960–1962: James Burris
 1969–1971: Allie Reynolds
 1972–1987: Joe Ryan
 1988–1989: Ken Grandquist
 1990–1991: Randy Mobley
 1991–1997: Branch B. Rickey

Champions

League champions were determined by different means over the American Association's 90 years of competition. From 1902 to 1931, the league champions were simply the regular-season pennant winners—the team with the best win–loss record at the conclusion of the regular season. The first playoffs for determining champions were held in 1933. The Louisville Colonels won 15 American Association titles, the most in the league's history, followed by the Indianapolis Indians (12) and the Columbus Red Birds (10).

Awards

The American Association regularly honored outstanding players and team personnel at the end of each season.

MVP Award

The Most Valuable Player Award, introduced in 1929, was given to recognize the best player in the league. The first MVP Award went to shortstop Billy Rogell of the St. Paul Saints. The final award was given to outfielder Magglio Ordóñez of the Nashville Sounds.

Most Valuable Pitcher Award

The Most Valuable Pitcher Award, introduced in 1969, was given to recognize the best pitcher in the league. The first award was given to right-hander Sal Campisi of the Tulsa Oilers. The final award went to right-hander Rick Helling of the Oklahoma City 89ers in 1996. No winner was selected in 1997.

Rookie of the Year Award

The Rookie of the Year Award, introduced in 1946, was given to the best rookie player in the league. The first award was presented to first baseman Jerry Witte of the Toledo Mud Hens. The final award was given to outfielder and league MVP Magglio Ordóñez of the Nashville Sounds.

Manager of the Year Award

The Manager of the Year Award, introduced in 1945, was given to honor the best manager in the league. The first award went to George Selkirk of the Toledo Sox. The final award was issued to Dave Miley of the Indianapolis Indians.

See also
List of American Association no-hitters and perfect games

References
Specific

General

External links
 Statistics from Baseball-Reference
 Standings and Season Leaders (1969–1997)
 Article about American Association disbanding

Defunct minor baseball leagues in the United States
Baseball leagues in Colorado
Baseball leagues in Illinois
Baseball leagues in Indiana
Baseball leagues in Iowa
Baseball leagues in Kansas
Baseball leagues in Kentucky
Baseball leagues in Louisiana
Baseball leagues in Minnesota
Baseball leagues in Missouri
Baseball leagues in Nebraska
Baseball leagues in New York (state)
Baseball leagues in Ohio
Baseball leagues in Oklahoma
Baseball leagues in Tennessee
Baseball leagues in Texas
Baseball leagues in Wisconsin
Articles which contain graphical timelines
Sports leagues established in 1902
1902 establishments in the United States
Sports leagues disestablished in 1962
1962 disestablishments in the United States
Sports leagues established in 1969
1969 establishments in the United States
Sports leagues disestablished in 1997
1997 disestablishments in the United States

American Association (1902–1997)


Le conseil régional d'Odessa est l'assemblée représentative du gouvernement local de l'oblast d'Odessa.

Le conseil régional est composé de 84 députés, élus par les électeurs de l'oblast d'Odessa pour cinq ans. Le conseil comprend des commissions permanentes et temporaires.

Composition

Présidents du conseil régional

Présidents du comité exécutif du conseil régional d'Odessa (1932-1992)
 Yakiv Pakhomov (juin 1932 - 23 septembre 1933)
 Fyodor Goloub Yakovlevitch (23 septembre 1933 - 8 décembre 1935)
 Petro Boyko Dmitrievitch (8 décembre 1935 - mai 1937)
 Mikola Volkov Fedorovitch, par intérim (mai - 14 octobre 1937)
 Pylyp Chevtsov Ilarionovytch, par intérim (14 octobre - 29 décembre 1937)
 Grigory Galtchenko Alexandrovitch (29 décembre 1937 - mai 1938)
 Nikifor Kaltchenko Timofeyevitch, par intérim (mai 1938 - janvier 1940)
 Nikifor Kaltchenko Timofeyevitch (janvier 1940 - août 1941)
 Yosyp Gorlov Gordiyovytch (juillet 1944 - décembre 1946)
 Konstantin Karavayev Semenovitch (décembre 1946 - avril 1953)
 Nikola Goureyev (avril 1953 - juillet 1954)
 Alexander Fedoseyev Ivanovitch (juillet 1954 - février 1958)
 Mykhaïlo Khorounjyi Vasyliovytch (février 1958 - janvier 1963)
 Kovalenko Konstantin Stepanovitch, industriel (janvier 1963 - décembre 1964)
 Mykhaïlo Khorounjyi Vasyliovytch, rural (janvier 1963 — décembre 1964)
 Mykhaïlo Khorounjyi Vasyliovytch (décembre 1964 - mars 1969)
 Andreï Doudnyk (mars 1969 - mai 1971)
 Viktor Pokhodin (mai 1971 - septembre 1985)
 Andreï Petcherov (septembre 1985 - 5 avril 1990)
 Anatoliy Boutenko (6 avril 1990 - 28 janvier 1991)
 Bodelan Rouslan Borysovytch (28 janvier 1991 - mars 1992)

Présidents du conseil régional d'Odessa
 Rouslan Bodelan Borysovytch (5 avril 1990 - 24 avril 1998)
 Youriy Kazakov Petrovytch (24 avril 1998 - 21 septembre 2000)
 Serhiy Hrynevetskyi (21 septembre 2000 - 19 avril 2002)
 Volodymyr Nonatsky Mykolayovytch (19 avril 2002 - 8 février 2005)
 Serhiy Hrynevetskyi (8 février - 22 juillet 2005)
 Vlad Fedor Ivanovich (22 juillet 2005 - 23 mai 2006)
 Skoryk Mykola Leonidovytch (23 mai 2006 - 16 novembre 2010)
 Pundyk Mykola Volodymyrovytch (16 novembre 2010 - 14 novembre 2013)
 Mykola Tindyouk Andriyovytch (14 novembre 2013 - 14 août 2014)
 Oleksiy Honcharenko (14 août 2014 - 21 novembre 2014)
 Mikhaïl Chmouchkovitch (23 décembre 2014 - 12 novembre 2015)
 Ourbansky Anatoliy Ihorovytch (12 novembre 2015 - 21 août 2019)
 Serhiy Parachtchenko (21 août 2019 - décembre 2020)
 Didenko Hryhoriy Vitaliyovytch (depuis le 5 décembre 2020)

Références

Odessa
Oblast d'Odessa

Conseil de l'oblast d'Odessa


Crkva sv. Antuna je rimokatolička crkva u mjestu Hršak Breg, gradu Krapinske Toplice, zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
Crkva sv. Antuna nalazi se na brdu u selu Hršak Breg, udaljenog dva kilometara od Krapinskih Toplica. Pravilno orijentirana, blago izduženog broda i peterostranog svetišta izgrađena je 1899. g. Historicističkih stilskih obilježja s elementima neogotike i neoromanike te unutarnjim oslikom i neostilskim inventarom čini skladnu cjelinu. Crkva istog titulara prvi put se spominje u kanonskoj vizitaciji iz 1676. g. kao "drvena kapela".

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-2636 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno, pravnog statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralna graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Nepokretna pojedinačna kulturna dobra u Krapinsko-zagorskoj županiji
Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj

Crkva sv. Antuna (Hršak Breg)


Amorphis, 1990 yılında Jan Rechbergeri, Tomi Koivusaari ve Esa Holopainen tarafından Finlandiya'nın Helsinki kentinde kurulan heavy metal grubudur. Başlarda death metal yapan grup, daha sonra progresif metal ve folk metal gibi farklı tarzlara yöneldi. Grup, şarkı sözlerinde Finlerin ulusal destanı Kalevela'dan sıklıkla yararlanır.

Tarihçe
1989 senesinde Violent Solution adlı speed metal grubunda çalan Jan ve Esa, müzisyenlerin farklı türlere yönelmesiyle kısa sürede dağıldı. Bunun üzerine death metal grubu kurmaya karar veren ikili yanlarına vokalde Tomi'yi ve bas gitarda Oppu Laine'i alarak Amorphis'i kurdu. Aynı zamanda Abhorrence isminde bir grupta daha çalan Tomi, Amorphis'te bir yandan gitar çalarken, diğer yandan da vokal yapıyordu. Amorphis ilk demosunu kaydettikten kısa bir süre sonra Abhorrence dağılmıştı, fakat dağılmanın öncesinde Tomi'nin Relapse Records'a gönderdiği demolar beğenilmişti. Ne yazık ki plak şirketinden anlaşma talebi gelmesi dağılmadan sonra gerçekleşti. Bu teklifi Amorphis'in yararına kullanmaya karar veren Tomi ve diğer Amorphis üyeleri, kısa bir süre sonra "The Karelian Isthmus" adını taşıyan ilk albümlerini piyasaya sürdüler. Ardından da "Privilege of Evil" adlı EP geldi.

1994'te "Tales from the Thosand Lakes"i dinleyenlerin beğenisine sunan grup, bu albümde Finlandiya'nın yerel destanı Kalevala'yı konsept olarak kullandı. Hala death metal kulvarında olan grup, ilk defa bu albümde death metal'den sıyrılmak üzere olduğunun sinyallerini verdi. Melodik clean vokallerin de yer aldığı bu albüm, beklenenden daha fazla ilgi gördü ve grubun konser takvimi bir anda dolmaya başladı. Bu arada yaşanan eleman değişikliklerinden en önemlisi vokalde yaşandı. Pasi Koskinen, 1996 senesinde yayımlanan "Elegy" albümünden başlayarak 2004 senesine kadar grupla birlikte olacaktı.

"Elegy" albümünde yer alan şarkı sözlerinde yine bir Finlandiya mitolojisi olan Kanteletar'dan yararlanıldı. Pasi ve Tomi vokal görevini paylaştı. Bu albümde Pasi'ye sadece clean vokalleri yapmak düştü. 6 ay boyunca turnede olan grup, vakit kaybetmeden bir sonraki abüm için çalışmaya başladı. Bu albümde vokallerin tamamını Pasi üstlendi ve ortaya daha hafif bir sounda sahip olan "Tuonela" albümü çıktı. 2000'li yıllara girerken yine eleman değişikliği yaşayan grup, 2001 senesinde yayımladığı "Am Universum" albümüyle dinleyenlerine daha farklı bir atmosfer sundu. Klavye ve saksafonun ağırlığını hissettiren bu albüm, daha deneysel bir çalışmanın ürünüydü. Albüm aynı zamanda Relapse Records'tan çıkan son Amorphis çalışması oldu.
2003 tarihli "Far From the Sun" albümü sonrasında Pasi, gruptan ayrıldı ve yerine Tomi Joutsen geçti. Tomi'yle birlikte başarılı bir Amerika turnesini geride bırakan Amorphis, yeni vokalistiyle kaydettiği "Eclipse" albümünü 2006'da hayranlarının beğenisine sunarken, 8. albüm "Silent Waters"ı Eylül 2007 piyasaya sürdü. 2011 yılının Haziran ayında ise The Beginning of Times adlı albümlerini piyasaya sürdüler.

Grup Üyeleri

 Tomi Joutsen – Vokal (2005-günümüz)
 Esa Holopainen – Gitar (1990-günümüz)
 Tomi Koivusaari – Ritim gitar (1990-günümüz)
 Niclas Etelävuori – Bas gitar (2000-günümüz)
 Santeri Kallio – Klavye (1999-günümüz)
 Jan Rechberger – Davul (1990-1995, 2003-günümüz)

Eski Üyeler
 Pasi Koskinen – Vokal (1996–2004)
 Olli-Pekka Laine – Bas gitar (1992–1999)
 Pekka Kasari – Davul (1996–2002)
 Kim Rantala – Klavye (1994–1998)
 Kasper Mårtenson – Klavye (1993–1994)

Diskografi

Albümler

Tekli ve EP'ler
 Disment of Soul (1991)
 Amorphis (1991)
 Privilege of Evil (1993)
 Black Winter Day (1995)
 My Kantele (1997)
 Divinity (1999)
 Alone (2001)
 Day of Your Beliefs (2003)
 Evil Inside (2003)
 Far From The Sun (2003)
 House of Sleep (2005)
 The Smoke (2006)
 Silent Waters (2007)
 Silver Bride (2009)
 From The Heaven Of My Heart (2009)
 You I Need (2011)

Video Klipler
 Black Winter Day
 Against Widows
 My Kantele
 Divinity
 Alone
 Evil Inside
 House of Sleep
 Silent Waters
 Silver Bride

Derlemeler

 Story - 10th Anniversary (10 Mayıs 2000)
 Chapters (CD ve DVD, 17 Haziran 2003)
 Forging The Land Of Thousand Lakes (2 DVD ve 2 CD 9 Temmuz 2010)

Kaynakça

Fin melodik death metal grupları
Fin progresif metal grupları
Fin folk metal grupları
Fin gotik metal grupları
1990'da kurulan müzik grupları
Virgin Records sanatçıları
Relapse Records sanatçıları
Nuclear Blast sanatçıları

Amorphis


Hanna Oleksiïvna Havrylets (en ) est une compositrice ukrainienne née à Vydyniv (Oblast d'Ivano-Frankivsk) le  et morte le .

Biographie
Hanna Oleksiïvna Havrylets naît en 1958 à Vydyniv dans l'Oblast d'Ivano-Frankivsk. Elle étudie avec Volodymyr Flys au Conservatoire de Lviv d'où elle sort diplômée en 1982. Elle poursuit ses études de troisième cycle à l'Académie de musique de Kiev avec Myroslav Skoryk.

Elle est critique musicale puis enseigne à l'Académie de musique de Kiev à partir de 1992. Elle reçoit le prix national Taras-Chevtchenko en 1999 et est distinguée comme  en 2005.

Hanna Havrylets meurt le , à l'âge de 63 ans.

Style
Son œuvre, essentiellement chambriste, est empreinte de spontanéité et de lyrisme sincère. Stylistiquement traditionnelle sans être passéiste, elle puise son inspiration dans le folklore ukrainien affirmant que .

Œuvres choisies

 Chœur pour orchestre à cordes (2005)
 Stabat mater pour chœur mixte et orchestre (2002)
 A-Corde, Sinfonietta pour alto et orchestre à cordes (2002)
 Pohlyad v dytynstvo (Un aperçu de l'enfance), Cantate de chambre (1990)
  Concerto pour piano (1982)
 Poème symphonique (1983)
 Concerto pour alto (1984)
 Symphonie No. 1 (1989)
 Symphonie de chambre No. 2 "In memoriam" (1995)
 Ėlegiya pour quatuor à cordes (1981)
 Quintette à vents No. 1 (1984)
 Sonate pour alto et piano (1988)
 Quintette à vents No. 2 (1990)
 Quatuor de saxophones (1992)
 Rapsodiya-dialog pour flûte et piano (1993)
 Ekslibrysy pour violon (1994)
 In B pour saxophone (1995)
 Autumn Music'' pour saxophone et piano (1996)
 Quatuor à cordes (1996)

Références

Liens externes

Naissance en avril 1958
Naissance dans l'oblast d'Ivano-Frankivsk
Naissance en RSS d'Ukraine
Compositrice de musique classique de la période contemporaine
Compositeur ukrainien de musique classique
Lauréat du prix national Taras-Chevtchenko
Décès à 63 ans
Décès à Kiev
Décès en février 2022

Hanna Havrylets


La cuisine de Castille-La Manche, cuisine manchego ou cuisine manchoise, désigne les plats et ingrédients typiques de la cuisine de la région de Castille-La Manche en Espagne. Il s'agit notamment du pisto (un ragoût de légumes à la sauce tomate), du gaspacho manchois, du Manchego (un type de fromage), du vin blanc de La Manche et du vin rouge de Valdepeñas.

Les plats et spécialités de la région sont généralement sobres et raisonnables, reflétant une origine modeste et rurale. Ils contiennent un nombre limité d'ingrédients. Les ingrédients ont tendance à être ceux qui sont le plus facilement accessibles par les habitants de la région. Les plats ont tendance à être riches en calories, ce qui est idéal pour le régime alimentaire des ouvriers, des agriculteurs et des bergers. La cuisine de cette région a été popularisée par Miguel de Cervantes dans son roman Don Quichotte du début du , où un certain nombre de plats traditionnels sont mentionnés.

Produits de base
Dans La Manche, les plats traditionnels comprennent les , une pâte à base de farine de pois chiche (Lathirus sativus), et les , un pain plat qui sert de base aux « gaspachos », un plat élaboré apparaissant dans  sous le nom de .

Fruits et légumes
L'un des légumes locaux est le silène enflé (silene vulgaris), connu sous le nom familier de . Ces plantes sont traditionnellement cueillies dans les montagnes de La Manche (ainsi que dans d'autres régions d'Europe, d'Afrique et d'Asie) et utilisées pour une variété de plats.

Comme la plupart des plats espagnols, de nombreux plats locaux contiennent de l'ail, notamment le  (morue salée aux oignons de printemps) et les  (morue salée avec purée de pommes de terre, également appelée ). En outre, la , une version cultivée du piment Capsicum annuum de Valence, est souvent utilisée dans les plats locaux tels que les  (pieds de porc) et les migas.

Parmi les produits autonomes, citons la , une variété de petites aubergines cultivées à Almagro, Ciudad Real, qui sont assaisonnées et marinées selon une recette traditionnelle et généralement consommées comme en-cas ou accompagnement.

Plats végétariens
Il n'y a pas beaucoup de plats purement végétariens dans la région. Certains plats traditionnels à base de légumes sont le  (équivalent local de la ratatouille), la  (salade d'oignons, de tomates et de concombres), les  (poivrons rouges grillés) et le  (gaspacho du veuf, ou gaspacho à base de feuilles de campion vésiculeux).

Viande et poisson
Il existe de nombreux plats de viande locaux, qui se composent principalement de viande de mouton, de chèvre et, dans une moindre mesure, de bœuf. Les plats les plus importants sont les  (typiques de Tolède), la , l'agneau rôti, les , les , la  (poulet à la pepitoria), le , le  et le . Dans les régions où l'on chasse beaucoup, certains plats à base de gibier sont également populaires, comme le  (lapin à l'ail), le  (lièvre à la manière d'un chasseur) et la .

La Manche est une région enclavée avec historiquement peu de plans d'eau douce pour permettre la généralisation du poisson dans sa cuisine. Le poisson traditionnel est donc le bacalao (morue salée), historiquement importé des zones côtières et qui ne s'altère pas. On le retrouve dans certains plats, notamment les pois chiches à la morue, consommés pendant le Carême.

Fromages
Le , ou « fromage de la Manche », est l'un des fromages espagnols les plus célèbres ; plus de  des produits fromagers espagnols sont de cette variété. Il s'agit d'un fromage affiné fabriqué à partir du lait de brebis manchega locales (ovis aries ligeriensis), également appelées ovejas manchegas) qui abondent dans les pâturages toute l'année.

La masse du fromage est assez dure et dense, de couleur blanc ivoire. Il a un goût acidulé caractéristique lorsqu'il est nouveau, dû à la saveur naturelle du lait de brebis, mais en vieillissant, le fromage développe lentement une qualité savoureuse, que Carlos Yescas, de la , décrit comme « un équilibre délicat entre le beurre, l'acidité, le sucré et la noisette ». Le fromage est aussi riche en calcium, vitamines A, D, et E, et en protéine naturelle.

Il existe plusieurs variétés de , qui se différencient à la fois par le temps de maturation et la tradition individuelle (certains sont immergés dans l'huile d'olive pendant la maturation).

Vins
La production de vin est très importante pour la région, qui compte de nombreuses appellations d'origine protégées pour la zone. La principale AOP est l'AOC La Mancha, mais il en existe d'autres : D.O. Valdepeñas à Ciudad Real ; D.O. Méntrida à Tolède ; D.O. Jumilla et D.O. Manchuela à Albacete ; D.O. Mondéjar à Guadalajara Il existe en outre de nombreux vins artisanaux, comme les vins sacramentels appelés .

Notes et références

Liens externes

Cuisine de Castille-La Manche
Culture espagnole

Cuisine de Castille-La Manche


Andjety ya da daha bilinen ismiyle Ammut, Mısır'ın dişi iblisiydi. "Kalp yiyen", "hırsla yiyen" diye de bilinir, ölümden sonra eğer ölen kişinin kalbi iyiliğin tüyünden ağır çekerse kişinin kalbini yer ve onu cezalandırırdı. Bu da bir Mısırlı için var oluşun sonudur.

Vücut olarak bir timsahın başına bir aslanın ön gövdesine ve bir hipopotamın arkasına sahipti (Mısır'ın bütün kızgın ve haşin hayvanları).

Mısır tanrıları
Ölüm tanrıları
Yeraltı tanrıları

Andjety


Un tubo de onda progresiva ( o TWT) es un dispositivo electrónico usado para amplificar señales de radio frecuencia (RF) mediante un montaje electrónico llamado amplificador de tubo de onda progresiva (TWTA).

Los TWT pueden ser de banda estrecha o de banda ancha, siendo estos últimos los más comunes. El rango de frecuencias se encuentra comprendido entre los 300 MHz hasta los 50 GHz. La ganancia de tensión del tubo puede llegar hasta los 70 decibelios.

Descripción y construcción
El dispositivo consta de un tubo de vacío alargado con un cañón electrónico (cátodo emisor de electrones). En el cañón, los electrones viajan desde el cátodo caliente hacia el ánodo (efecto Edison). Alrededor del tubo, un campo magnético de contención concentra los electrones en un haz. El haz llega al centro de un circuito de RF (siendo una cavidad acoplada o espiral), que se extiende desde la entrada de RF hasta la salida de RF. El haz pasa luego al terminal colector. Un acoplador direccional, que puede ser una guía de onda o una bobina electromagnética (EM), es alimentado con la señal de baja potencia que se va a amplificar. El acoplador direccional se coloca cerca del emisor, induciendo corriente en la hélice.

El circuito de RF actúa como una línea de retardo en la que la señal de RF viaja casi a la misma velocidad a lo largo del tubo que el haz electrónico. El campo EM generado por la señal de RF en el circuito de RF, actúa sobre el haz electrónico, causando el agrupamiento de los electrones (efecto llamado modulación de la velocidad). El campo EM generado por la corriente del haz induce de nuevo más corriente sobre el circuito de RF. Se acumula entonces la corriente, amplificándose cada vez más.

Un segundo acoplador direccional, colocado cerca del colector, recibe una amplificación de la señal de entrada desde el otro extremo del circuito de RF. Los atenuadores que se encuentran a lo largo del circuito de RF evitan que la onda reflejada vuelva atrás hacia el extremo colector.

Invención y desarrollo
El diseño original y el prototipo del TWT fue hecho por el ruso Andrew Vasily Haeff  hacia 1931 mientras trabajaba como estudiante de doctorado en el Laboratorio de Radiación Kellogg en Caltech. Su patente original, «Device for and Method of Controlling High Frequency Currents» [Dispositivo y Método para control de corrientes de alta frecuencia], fue solicitada en 1933 y concedida en 1936.

La invención del TWT se atribuye a menudo a Rudolf Kompfner y la fecha es situada entre 1942 y 1943. También el ingeniero e inventor estadounidense Nils Lindenblad, quien trabajaba en Radio Corporation of America (RCA) presentó una patente para un dispositivo similar el día  que era notablemente similar al dispositivo de Kompfner. Ambos dispositivos eran mejoras sobre el diseño original de Haeff ya que ambos utilizaron el entonces recién inventado cañón de precisión de electrones como fuente del haz de electrones y ambos dirigieron el haz hacia abajo, al centro de la hélice, en lugar de fuera de él.

De cualquier modo, Kompfner inventó de manera independiente el TWT, construyendo el primer dispositivo funcional en un laboratorio británico de radar durante la segunda guerra mundial. Su primer boceto del TWT data del 12 de noviembre de 1942, construyendo su primer tubo a principios de 1943. El TWT fue perfeccionado por Kompfner, John Pierce, y Lester M. Field en los laboratorios Bell.

Por la década de 1950, tras mayores desarrollos en el laboratorio de tubos electrónicos de Hughes Aircraft Company, en Culver City (California, Estados Unidos), los TWT empezaron a producirse en dicha empresa, y para la década de 1969, los TWT fueron producidos además por compañías como las británicas English Electric Valve Company y Ferranti International PLC, en la década de 1970.

El 10 de julio de 1962, el primer satélite de comunicaciones, Telstar 1, fue lanzado con un transpondedor RCA TWT de 2 W y 4 GHz, usado para transmitir señales de RF hacia la Tierra. Syncom 2, el primer satélite sincrónico (el Syncom 1 no alcanzó la órbita final), fue lanzado el 26 de julio de 1963 con dos grandes transpondedores TWT de 2 W y 1850 MHz (uno activo y otro de repuesto).

Referencias

Válvulas termoiónicas
Ciencia y tecnología de Reino Unido del siglo XX
Ciencia de 1943
Reino Unido en 1943

Tubo de onda progresiva


El Premio Internacional Gairdner de Canadá  es un galardón científico que entrega la Fundación Gairdner en Toronto, Canadá en el campo de la investigación científica. Se entrega de forma anual desde 1959 a aquellos que han contribuido o realizado descubrimientos de importancia en el campo de la medicina.

En 2009 el galardón se renombra a su denominación actual. Previamente se conocía como Gairdner Foundation International Award. Desde entonces el premio va acompañado de una dotación económica de 100.000 dólares canadienses.

El premio tiene forma de escultura y es uno de los más destacados del mundo de la biomedicina. Hasta 2011 fueron 75 los galardonados con el Premio Internacional Canadá Gairdner, de los cuales la cuarta parte recibiría más tarde el Premio Nobel. El año en el que recibieron el Premio Nobel se encuentra entre paréntesis.

Galardonados
 1959: Wilfred Gordon Bigelow, William D. M. Paton, Charles Ragan, Harry M. Rose, Eleanor Zaimis Alfred Blalock, Helen B. Taussig
 1960: Joshua H. Burn, John Heysham Gibbon, William F. Hamilton, John McMichael, Karl Friedrich Meyer, Arnold Rice Rich
 1961: Russell Brock, Alan C. Burton, Ulf von Euler (premio Nobel 1970), Alexander B. Gutman, Jonas H. Kellgren
 1962: Albert Coons, Clarence Crafoord, Francis Crick (1962), Henry G. Kunkel, Stanley J. Sarnoff
 1963: Murray L. Barr, Eric G. L. Bywaters, Jacques Genest, Pierre Grabar, Clarence Walton Lillehei, Irvine H. Page
 1964: Karl H. Beyer Jr., Deborah Doniach, Ivan Roitt, Gordon D. W. Murray, Keith R. Porter
 1965: Jerome W. Conn, Robert Royston Amos Coombs, Charles E. Dent, Charles Leblond, Daniel J. McCarty, F. Horace Smirk
 1966: William B. Kannel, Jacques Miller, Jan Gösta Waldenström
 1967: Julius Axelrod (1970), Harold Copp, Iain Macintyre, Peter J. Moloney, Fraser Mustard, Sidney Udenfriend
 1968: Bruce Chown, James L. Gowans, George Herbert Hitchings (1988), Jacques Oudin, J. Edwin Seegmiller
 1969: Frank J. Dixon, Ernest McCulloch, John P. Merrill, Robert B. Salter, Belding Scribner, Mason Sones, Earl Wilbur Sutherland (1971), James Till
 1970: Vincent P. Dole, Richard Doll, Robert A. Good, Niels Kaj Jerne (1984), Robert Bruce Merrifield (1984)
 1971: Solomon Aaron Berson, Charles Best, Rachmiel Levine, Frederick Sanger (1958), Donald F. Steiner, Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (1977)
 1972: Sune Bergström (1982), Britton Chance, Oleh Hornykiewicz, Robert R. Race, Ruth Sanger
 1973: Roscoe O. Brady, Denis Parsons Burkitt, John Charnley, Kimishige Ishizaka, Teruko Ishizaka, Harold Johns
 1974: David Baltimore (1975), Hector F. DeLuca, Roger Charles Louis Guillemin (1977), Hans J. Müller-Eberhard, Judah H. Quastel, Andrew Victor Schally (1977), Howard M. Temin (1975)
 1975: Ernest Beutler, Baruch Samuel Blumberg (1976), Henri G. Hers, Hugh Esmor Huxley, John D. Keith, William T. Mustard
 1976: Thomas R. Dawber, Godfrey Hounsfield (1979), William B. Kannel, Eugene Kennedy, Georg Klein, George Davis Snell (1980)
 1977: K. Frank Austen, Cyril Clarke, Jean Dausset (1980), Henry Friesen, Victor Almon McKusick
 1978: Sydney Brenner, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Donald S. Fredrickson, Samuel O. Freedman, Phil Gold, Edwin Gerhard Krebs (1992), Elizabeth C. Miller, James A. Miller, Lars Terenius
 1979: James Whyte Black (1988), George F. Cahill Jr., Walter Gilbert (1980), Elwood V. Jensen, Frederick Sanger, Charles Scriver
 1980: Paul Berg (1980), Irving B. Fritz, Har Gobind Khorana (1968), Efraim Racker, Jesse Roth, Michael Sela
 1981: Michael Stuart Brown (1985), Wai Yiu Cheung, Joseph Leonard Goldstein (1985), Georges J. F. Köhler (1984), César Milstein (1984), Elizabeth F. Neufeld, Saul Roseman, Bengt Ingemar Samuelsson (1982), Jerry H-C. Wang
 1982: Gilbert Ashwell, Günter Blobel (1999), Arvid Carlsson (2000), Paul Janssen, Manfred M. Mayer
 1983: Bruce Ames, Gerald D. Aurbach, John A. Clements, Richard K. Gershon, Donald Henderson, Susumu Tonegawa (1987)
 1984: John Michael Bishop (1989), Alfred Goodman Gilman (1994), Yuet Wai Kan, Kresimir Krnjevic, Robert Laing Noble, Martin Rodbell (1994), Harold Elliot Varmus (1989)
 1985: Stanley Cohen (1986), Paul Christian Lauterbur (2003), Raymond U. Lemieux, Mary F. Lyon, Mark Ptashne, Charles Yanofsky
 1986: Adolfo J. de Bold, Jean-François Borel, James E. Darnell, Peter C. Doherty (1996), T. Geoffrey Flynn, Phillip Allen Sharp (1993), Michael Smith (1993), Harald Sonnenberg, Rolf Zinkernagel (1996)
 1987: René G. Favaloro, Robert Charles Gallo, Walter Gehring, Eric Kandel (2000), Edward B. Lewis (1995), Luc Montagnier (2008), Michael Rossmann
 1988: Albert J. Aguayo, Michael Berridge, Thomas R. Cech (1989), Michael Anthony Epstein, Robert Lefkowitz, Yasutomi Nishizuka
 1989: Mark M. Davis, Jean-Marie Ghuysen, Louis M. Kunkel, Tak W. Mak, Erwin Neher (1990), Bert Sakmann (1990), Ronald G. Worton
 1990: Francis Collins, Victor Ling, John R. Riordan, Oliver Smithies (2007), Edwin Southern, Edward Donnall Thomas (1990), Lap-Chee Tsui
 1991: Sydney Brenner (2002), Judah Folkman, Robert Francis Furchgott (1998), David H. MacLennan, Kary Mullis (1993), John E. Sulston (2002)
 1992: Leland H. Hartwell (2001), Yoshio Masui, Paul Nurse (2001), Richard Peto, Bert Vogelstein, Robert Allan Weinberg
 1993: Mario Capecchi (2007), Alvin R. Feinstein, Stanley Prusiner (1997), Oliver Smithies (2007), Michel Ter-Pogossian
 1994: Pamela J. Bjorkman, Tony Hunter, Donald Metcalf, Anthony Pawson, Don Craig Wiley
 1995: Bruce Alberts, Arthur Kornberg (1959), Roger Tsien (2008)
 1996: Robert Langer, Barry Marshall (2005), Janet Rowley, James Rothman, Randy Schekman
 1997: Corey Goodman, Richard O. Hynes, Alfred G. Knudson, Erkki Ruoslahti
 1998: Giuseppe Attardi, Elizabeth Blackburn (2009), Carol W. Greider (2009), Walter Neupert, Gottfried Schatz
 1999: Avram Hershko (2004), H. Robert Horvitz (2002), Alexander Varshavsky, Andrew Wyllie
 2000: Jack Hirsh, Roger D. Kornberg (2006), Robert G. Roeder, Alain Townsend, Emil Unanue
 2001: Clay Armstrong, Bertil Hille, Roderick MacKinnon (2002), Marc Kirschner
 2002: Francis Collins (Award of Merit), Philip P. Green, Eric Lander, Maynard V. Olson, John E. Sulston (2002), Craig Venter, Michael Waterman, Robert Waterston, James Watson (Award of Merit) (1962), Jean Weissenbach
 2003: Richard Axel (2004), Linda B. Buck (2004), Wayne A. Hendrickson, Seiji Ogawa, Ralph M. Steinman (2011)
 2004: Seymour Benzer, R. John Ellis, Franz-Ulrich Hartl, Arthur Horwich, George Sachs
 2005: Douglas Coleman, Andrew Z. Fire (2006), Jeffrey M. Friedman, Craig Mello (2006), Brenda Milner, Endel Tulving
 2006: Ralph L. Brinster, Ronald M. Evans, Alan Hall, Thomas D. Pollard, Joan A. Steitz
 2007: C. David Allis, Kim Nasmyth, Harry Noller, Dennis J. Slamon, Thomas A. Steitz (2009)
 2008: Victor Ambros, Harald zur Hausen (2008), Gary Ruvkun, Nahum Sonenberg, Samuel Weiss
 2009: Richard Losick, Kazutoshi Mori, Lucy Shapiro, Peter Walter, Shinya Yamanaka
 2010: William A. Catterall, Pierre Chambon, William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe, Gregg L. Semenza
 2011: Adrian Peter Bird, Howard Cedar, Aharon Razin, Jules A. Hoffmann (2011), Shizuo Akira
 2012: Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, Michael W. Young, Thomas Jessell, Jeffrey V. Ravetch
 2013: Harvey J. Alter, Daniel W. Bradley, Michael Houghton (declina premio), Stephen Joseph Elledge, Gregory Winter
2014 James P. Allison, Titia de Lange, Marc Feldmann, Ravinder Nath Maini, Harold F. Dvorak y Napoleone Ferrara
2015 Lewis C. Cantley, Michael N. Hall, Lynne E. Maquat, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Shimon Sakaguchi
2016 Feng Zhang, Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier, Philippe Horvath, Rodolphe Barrangou
2017 Akira Endo, David Julius, Antoine Hakim, Cesar Victora, Lewis E. Kay, Rino Rappuoli, Huda Zoghbi
2018 Azim Surani, Edward Boyden, Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann
2019 John F. X. Diffley, Ronald Vale, Timothy A. Springer, Bruce Stillman, Susan Band Horwitz
2020 Roel Nusse, Rolf Kemler, Mina J. Bissell, Masatoshi Takeichi, Elaine Fuchs
2021 Daniel J. Drucker, Joel Francis Habener, Jens Juul Holst, Mary-Claire King
2022 Pieter Cullis, John Dick, Katalin Kariko, Drew Weissman, Stuart Orkin
2023 Demis Hassabis, John M. Jumper, Bonnie L. Bassler, E. Peter Greenberg, Michael R. Silverman

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 The Gairdner Foundation Website der Gairdner-Stiftung (inglés)
 Gairdner Award Recipients Lista de Premiados (inglés)

Premio Internacional Gairdner de Canadá

Premio Internacional Gairdner de Canadá


OPS5 is a rule-based or production system computer language, notable as the first such language to be used in a successful expert system, the R1/XCON system used to configure VAX computers.

The OPS (said to be short for "Official Production System") family was developed in the late 1970s by Charles Forgy while at Carnegie Mellon University. Allen Newell's research group in artificial intelligence had been working on production systems for some time, but Forgy's implementation, based on his Rete algorithm, was especially efficient, sufficiently so that it was possible to scale up to larger problems involving hundreds or thousands of rules.

OPS5 uses a forward chaining inference engine; programs execute by scanning "working memory elements" (which are vaguely object-like, with classes and attributes) looking for matches with the rules in "production memory". Rules have actions that may modify or remove the matched element, create new ones, perform side effects such as output, and so forth. Execution continues until no more matches can be found.

In this sense, OPS5 is an execution engine for a Petri net extended with inhibitor arcs.

The OPS5 forward chaining process makes it extremely parallelizeable during the matching phase, and several automatic parallelizing compilers were created.

OPS4 was an early version, while OPS83 came later.

The first implementation of OPS5 was written in Lisp, and later rewritten in BLISS for speed.

DEC OPS5 is an extended implementation of the OPS5 language definition, developed for use with the OpenVMS, RISC ULTRIX, and DEC OSF/1 operating systems.

References

 Charles Forgy, OPS5 User's Manual, Technical Report CMU-CS-81-135 (Carnegie Mellon University, 1981)
 Lee Brownston, Robert Farrell, Elaine Kant, Nancy Martin, Programming Expert Systems in OPS5 (Addison-Wesley, 1985)
 Anoop Gupta, Miland Tambe, Dirk Kalp, Charles Forgy, and Allen Newell, Parallel Implementation of OPS5 on the Encore Multiprocessor: Results and Analysis
 Rob Lewis, OPS5 Revisited (Amazon 2016)

External links

 OPS5 overview
 OPS5 Reference manual
 RuleWorks  - Open-sourced language based on OPS5, with added modularity constructs.
 OPS5: RETE-based expert system shell - CMU Artificial Intelligence Repository
 source code - OPS5 source code on GitHub
 Free OPS5 implementation in .Net Core

Functional languages
Common Lisp (programming language) software

OPS5


An Puccinellia distans in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Filippo Parlatore. An Puccinellia distans in nahilalakip ha genus nga Puccinellia, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Puccinellia

Puccinellia distans


إس سي أو  هي شركة متخصصة في ترويج ودعم نظام يونكس من بعد إيه تي آند تي.

معرض صور

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
موقع شركة SCO

تأسيسات سنة 2005 في يوتا
توزيعات لينكس
شركات برمجيات أسست في 2002
شركات برمجيات سابقة في الولايات المتحدة
شركات أسست في 1994
شركات حوسبة في الولايات المتحدة
شركات سابقة مقرها في يوتا
انحلالات سنة 2012 في يوتا
تأسيسات سنة 2002 في يوتا

مجموعة إس سي أو


Blynn ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Jeff Blynn (* 1954), US-amerikanischer Schauspieler
 Sharon Blynn (* 1972), US-amerikanische Schauspielerin

Blynn


Les Heterococcaceae sont une famille d'algues de l'embranchement des Ochrophyta  de la classe des Xanthophyceae et de l'ordre des  Tribonematales.

Étymologie
Le nom vient du genre type Heterococcus, de hetero, différent, (en référence ici, aux flagelles de longueurs différentes), et du grec , « graine ; pépin ; baie », littéralement « graines aux flagelles de longueurs différentes ».

Taxonomie

Description
Les Heterococcus sont des algues qui .

Liste des genres
Selon  :
 Aeronema J.W.Snow, 1911
 Capitulariella Pascher, 1944
 Chaetopedia Pascher, 1939
 Fremya P.A.Dangeard, 1934 nom. illeg.
 Heterococcus Chodat, 1908 - genre type
 Heteropedia Pascher, 1939
 Monocilia Gerneck ex Wille, 1909
 Pirula J.W.Snow, 1912
 Prirulus J.W.Snow, 1911
 Sphagnoikos P.C.Silva, 1979

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Références taxonomiques

Xanthophyceae
Famille d'algues (nom scientifique)

Heterococcaceae


هو ألبوم الإستديو الجديد لفرقة أيه سي/دي سي الأسترالية.

قائمة الأغاني

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

ألبومات 2008
ألبومات أيه سي/دي سي
ألبومات باللغة الإنجليزية
ألبومات كولومبيا ريكوردز

بلاك آيس


Caroline Dawson, née en 1979 à Valparaiso au Chili, est une autrice québécoise, sociologue et  professeure au niveau collégial.

Biographie

Outre ses deux parents, Caroline Dawson a deux frères : Jimmy, son aîné de sept ans et Nicholas, son cadet de trois ans. Nicholas Dawson est également auteur et directeur littéraire aux Éditions Triptypque, une maison d'édition faisant partie du Groupe Nota Bene depuis 2016. La famille Dawson s'installe au Canada en 1986 alors que le Chili vit sous la dictature de Pinochet (1973-1990).

Formation
Ses années d'études supérieures sont marquées d'un parcours militant et d'une implication politique au sein de sa communauté universitaire. En 2003, Caroline Dawson ainsi que ses collègues et amis mettent au jour une mauvaise entente d'exclusivité entre l'Université de Montréal et le géant Pepsi où y est mêlée la FAÉCUM.

L'année suivante, elle publie, sous la direction du professeur de sociologie de l'Université de Montréal et de ses collègues étudiants, un article intitulé « Génération numérique et nouvelle économie » dans une revue appartenant aujourd'hui aux Éditions Presses de Sciences Po. L'article est une analyse de l'insertion des jeunes socialement et professionnellement dans une société où la « culture Internet » est de plus en plus prisée.

En 2007, Dawson contribue à la publication d'un article dans Éducation et sociétés portant sur le regard des dirigeants des études collégiales et supérieures sur la question des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication.

Elle obtient en 2005 sa maîtrise en sociologie de l'Université de Montréal, dont le mémoire porte sur le rapport au travail de la génération numérique dans un monde du travail en mutation économique.

Vues politiques dans l'espace public
Les vues politiques de Caroline Dawson sont majoritairement de gauche : « enjeux environnementaux (la lutte contre les changements climatiques), sociaux (la lutte contre la pauvreté, pour l'égalité des chances, pour la justice), économiques (la redistribution de la richesse, le développement durable) et politiques (l'indépendance du Québec).»

Elle occupe une place dans l'espace public en s'exprimant dans les médias sur divers sujets sociaux et politiques. Par exemple, en 2021, Dawson et Marcoux-Moisan publient dans Le Devoir une lettre contre la hausse de la contribution étudiante, expliquant l'inégalité qu'une telle augmentation provoque, favorisant les classes sociales nanties : « plus on vient d'un milieu favorisé, plus les chances sont grandes que l'on fasse sien le ''choix'' de s'orienter vers la sphère universitaire, car cela garantira la perpétuation de notre classe sociale d'origine.» Tandis qu'en 2021, elle s'exprime sur les dommages de la pandémie sur le « rôle des femmes dans la société et l'accroissement des inégalités.»

Après la naissance de son deuxième enfant, Dawson fait don de son lait maternel à Héma-Québec, afin d'aider les femmes qui ne peuvent produire du lait pour leurs bébés prématurés.

Là où je me terre
Là où je me terre, paru en novembre 2020, est le premier roman de Caroline Dawson. Ce roman d'autofiction, publié aux Éditions du remue-ménage, dépeint le parcours de réfugiée vécu par une fillette de . Vendu à plusieurs milliers d'exemplaires, le premier ministre du Québec, François Legault (1957-), en fait l'éloge au mois de mars sur sa page Facebook.

Les fragments du quotidien racontés par Dawson dépeignent la réalité terre à terre des immigrés. Loin d'être une épopée, c'est un quotidien plein d'embûches qui attend la famille Dawson, une histoire « silencieuse ». Les thématiques dominantes du roman sont l'identité, la double appartenance culturelle et l'importance de langue. Enfin, il s'agit d'un roman féministe qui raconte l'expérience de l'immigration du point de vue féminin, d'une mère immigrante dévouée et travaillante pour donner une vie meilleure à ses enfants. Le livre est maintenant disponible en version audio.

Œuvres

Roman

Ouvrages collectifs

 « Despacito », dans Libérer la culotte (sous la direction de Geneviève Morand et Natalie-Ann Roy), Montréal, Éditions du remue-ménage, 2021, p. 109-117.
 « Herbes folles », dans Self-care (sous la direction de Nicholas Dawson), Montréal, Hamac, 2021, p.103-114.

Prix et honneurs

 2021: Finaliste du Prix des libraires du Québec, catégorie Roman-Nouvelles-Récit pour Là où je me terre
 2022: Lauréate du Prix littéraire des collégiens pour Là où je me terre

Notes et références

Sociologue québécois
Femme de lettres québécoise
Naissance en 1979
Étudiant de l'Université de Montréal
Écrivain suivi par le projet Arts littéraires québécois

Caroline Dawson