Máximo fue obispo de Pavia. Se conservan testimonios de algunos de sus actos por su presencia en varios concilios convocados en Roma durante el mandato del papa Simaco.

Referencias

Nacidos en año desconocido
Fallecidos en 511
Santos católicos de Italia del siglo VI
Obispos de Italia del siglo VI
Obispos santos de Italia

Máximo de Pavía


Ispod Očiju debitantski je album hrvatskog elektroničkog sastava Podočnjaci. Objavljen je 21. srpnja 2021. od strane izdavačke kuće yem.

Prijem
Album je dobio mnoge pozitivne komentare i brzo odjeknuo glazbenom scenom u Hrvatskoj, ponajviše zbog svoje unikatnosti u zvuku, tj. fuzije žanrova kao što su trap, pop, "klasični" hip-hop i dance.

Popis pjesama

Izvori

Hrvatski glazbeni albumi

Ispod očiju


As of January 2023, the World Customs Organization has a total of 185 members. The European Communities (now: European Union) joined "on an interim basis akin to those enjoyed by WCO Members".

Members list with date of membership
The 185 WCO members include 179 United Nations member states, one United Nations General Assembly non-member observer state (the State of Palestine), as well as Kosovo and 4 customs territories which are dependent territories. Those 185 members and the European Union are divided into the following regional groups:

East and Southern Africa

United Nations member states
— 1990-09-26
— 1978-08-25
— 1964-10-20
— 1993-07-01
— 2008-03-19
— 1995-08-08
— 1981-05-15
— 1973-08-06
— 1965-05-24
— 1978-08-02
— 1964-02-18
— 1966-06-06
— 1973-03-29
— 1987-07-01
— 1992-07-01
— 1964-03-03
— 2000-07-25
— 2012-10-04
— 2012-07-18
— 1964-03-24
— 1964-11-07
— 1964-11-03
— 1978-09-27
— 1981-03-19

Europe

United Nations member states (founders in bold)
— 1992-08-31
— 1998-09-03
— 1992-06-30
— 1953-01-21
— 1992-06-17
— 1993-12-16
— 1952-12-11
— 2008-07-04
— 1973-08-01
— 1993-07-01
— 1967-08-31
— 1993-01-01
— 1951-10-19
— 1992-06-18
— 1961-01-27
— 1952-10-06
— 1993-10-26
— 1952-11-04
— 1951-12-10
— 1968-09-16
— 1971-02-15
— 1952-09-23
— 1958-05-23
— 1952-11-20
— 1992-06-30
— 2000-02-10
— 1992-06-22
— 1992-06-18
— 1953-01-23
— 1968-07-06
— 1994-10-28
— 2006-10-24
— 1953-01-23
— 1994-07-01
— 1951-08-06
— 1974-07-17
— 1953-01-26
— 1969-01-15
— 1991-07-08
— 2001-03-27
— 1993-01-01
— 1992-09-07
— 1952-07-13
— 1952-10-17
— 1952-12-19
— 1997-07-01
— 1951-06-06
— 1993-05-17
— 1992-06-26
— 1952-09-12
— 1992-07-28
non-UN member, partially recognised state
— 2017-01-25
customs union

Far East, South and South East Asia, Australasia and the Pacific Islands

United Nations member states
— 2004-08-10
— 1961-01-05
— 1978-07-01
— 2002-02-12
— 1996-07-01
— 2001-04-03
— 1983-07-18
— 1997-07-01
— 1971-02-15
— 1957-04-30
— 1959-10-16
— 1964-01-15
— 1968-07-02
— 2007-01-16
— 1964-06-30
— 1995-09-08
— 1991-09-17
— 1991-03-25
— 1986-07-22
— 1963-05-16
— 1955-11-16
— 2002-03-18
— 1980-10-01
— 2001-10-01
— 1975-07-09
— 2023-01-26
— 1967-05-29
— 1972-02-04
— 2003-09-19
— 2005-07-01
— 2009-11-17
— 1993-07-01
dependent, customs territories
— 1987-07-01
— 1993-07-07

North of Africa, Near and Middle East

United Nations member states
— 1966-12-19
— 2001-04-18
— 1956-10-26
— 1990-06-06
— 1964-01-01
— 1993-10-04
— 1960-05-20
— 1983-01-11
— 1968-07-01
— 2000-09-11
— 1992-05-04
— 1973-05-08
— 1960-06-08
— 1959-11-19
— 1966-07-20
— 1979-02-07
— 1993-07-01
United Nations General Assembly non-member observer state
— 2015-03-24

South America, North America, Central America and the Caribbean

United Nations member states
— 2017-04-10
— 1968-07-01
— 1974-08-16
— 1999-01-07
— 2008-04-22
— 1997-08-14
— 1981-01-19
— 1971-10-12
— 1966-07-01
— 1993-07-11
— 2001-08-29
— 1988-07-01
— 2004-07-28
— 1997-12-16
— 2005-07-07
— 1985-02-22
— 1976-07-29
— 1958-01-31
— 2005-12-08
— 1963-03-29
— 1988-02-08
— 1998-09-24
— 1996-03-08
— 1969-10-03
— 1970-01-27
— 2005-05-12
— 2018-11-26
— 1973-10-15
— 1970-11-05
— 1977-09-16
— 1996-07-01
dependent, customs territories
— 1988-07-11

— 1990-07-01

West and Central Africa

United Nations member states
— 1998-11-09
— 1966-09-16
— 1965-04-09
— 1992-07-01
— 1986-07-28
— 2005-02-16
— 1972-07-26
— 1975-09-02
— 1963-09-02
— 2021-12-22
— 1965-02-18
— 1987-10-14
— 1968-08-01
— 1991-10-30
— 2010-08-19
— 1975-01-07
— 1987-08-07
— 1979-10-02
— 1981-07-01
— 1963-08-21
— 2009-09-23
— 1976-03-10
— 1975-11-06
— 1990-02-12

Non-Members
The following states and territories are not members of the WCO:

United Nations member states

States not members of the United Nations

The following states with limited recognition are not members of the WCO:

Notes

External links
 WCO membership List

World Customs Organization
Member States
World Customs Organization

Member states of the World Customs Organization


Plusieurs villes ou communes possèdent une Rue du Couvent (ou encore un autre type de voirie). Cet odonyme a généralement son origine dans la présence – ancienne ou actuelle -  d'un couvent de religieuses catholiques (parfois avec une école) dans la rue.

en
 Rue du Couvent (klosterstrasse), à Berlin

en
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Anvers
 Place du Couvent, à Arquennes
 Place du Couvent, à Champion
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Deurne
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Dilbeek
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Drongen (Gand)
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Ekeren
 Rue du Couvent, à Haine-Saint-Paul (La Louvière)
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Herzele
 Rue du Couvent, à Jambes (Namur)
 Rue du Couvent, à Jupille
 Rue du Couvent (kloosterstraat), à Merelbeke
 Rue du Couvent, à Mouscron
 Rue du Couvent (klosterstrasse), à Saint-Vith
 Rue du Couvent, à Thulin (Hensies)

Au  ()
 Rue du Couvent, à Aylmer Québec
 Place du Vieux Couvent, à Caraquet [NB]
 Avenue du Couvent, à Donnacona [Québec]
 Rue du Couvent, à Montreal [Québec]
 Rue du Couvent, à Mont-Tremblant [Québec]
 Rue du Couvent, à Saint-Tite [Québec]
 Rue du Couvent, à Tracadie [NB]
 Place du Couvent (Convent Place), à Victoria [BC]

aux
 Avenue du Couvent (Convent Avenue), à Harlem (New York)
 Place du Couvent (Convent Place), à Nashville [TN]
 Place du Couvent (Convent Place), à Yonkers [NY]

en
 Rue du Couvent, à Bayonne
 Rue du Couvent, à Bordeaux
 Rue du Couvent, à Kayzersberg
 Place du Couvent, à Le Monastier-sur-Gazeille
 Rue du Couvent, à Montigny-lès-Metz
 Rue du Couvent, à Mulhouse
 Place du Couvent, à Pont-Saint-Esprit
 Rue du Couvent, à Sarre-Union
 Rue du Couvent, à Sougères-en-Puisaye
 Place du Grand-Couvent, à Toulon
 Rue du Couvent, à Toulouse
 Rue du Couvent, à Yvetot

en
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Bangalore
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Calcutta
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Calicut
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Dehradun
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Ernakulam
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Kodaikanal

à
 Place du couvent (Convent Place), à Gibraltar

en
 Place du couvent (Convent Place), à Cork
 Place du couvent (Convent Place), à Dublin
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Dun Laoghaire

au
 Cour du Couvent (Klouschtergaart), à Luxembourg

Aux
 Place du Couvent (kloosterplaats), à Bemmel
 Avenue du Couvent (kloosterlaan), à Bois-le-Duc
 Avenue du Couvent (kloosterlaan), à Bréda
 Avenue du Couvent (kloosterlaan), à Hilversum
 Avenue du Couvent (kloosterlaan), à Sas-van-Gent
 Place du Couvent (kloosterplaats), à Schiedam

Au
 Rue du Couvent (Convent Road), à Ashford
 Rue du Couvent (Convent Road), à Jersey
 Rue du couvent (Convent Road), à Norwich

En
 Rue du Couvent (klosterstrasse), à Winterthur

Homonymie
Couvent
Couvent

Rue du Couvent


Le raïon de Ternopil (en ) est un raïon situé dans l'oblast de Ternopil en Ukraine. Son chef-lieu est Ternopil.

En 2020, avec la réforme administrative, l'ancien raïon de Ternopil s'agrandi en absorbant ses voisins : raïon de Berejany, raïon de Kozova, raïon de Pidhaitsi, raïon de Pidvolochysk, raïon de Terebovlia, raïon de Zboriv q'une partie du raïon de Zbaraj et la municipalité de Berejany.

Lieux culturels
Le musée Ivan-Horbatchevsky et le musée Ivanna Blajkevytch à Denyssiv, la grotte de cristal.

Références

Ternopil

Raïon de Ternopil


Ostatci novovjekog brodoloma trgovačkog broda nalaze se ispred uvale Saladinca na otoku Biševu, područje Grada Komiže.

Opis dobra
Ostaci naoružanog, trgovačkog broda iz 17. st. nalaze se ispred uvale Saladinac na otoku Biševu. Vidljiva su dva željezna sidra, jedan manji top, te raznoliki sitni materijal, svici bakrenog lima, namotaji bakrene žice, praporci, prozorska stakla, boce i čaše od murano stakla, keramičko posuđe, komadi metala, drveta i sl. Pod pijeskom je dio tereta i drveni ostaci brodske konstrukcije.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-3 zaveden je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - arheologija, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "podvodna arheološka zona/nalazište".

Izvori

Zaštićene podvodne arheološke zone i nalazišta u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Biševo
Ostatci novovjekih brodoloma u Hrvatskoj

Novovjekovni brodolom ispred Saladinca kod Biševa


Olaylar
 1 Ocak - Endonezya'da Hollandalı askerler Cava'yı ele geçirdi.
 17 Şubat - Türkiye, Avrupa Kalkınması İcra Konseyi'ne katıldı.
 2 Mart - Bir B-50 Superfortress ile ilk kez bir uçakla durmaksızın tam dünya turu gerçekleştirildi.
 1 Nisan
 Türkiye İnsan Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesine katıldı.
 Newfoundland, Kanada'ya katıldı.
 İrlanda Bağımsız Devletini oluşturan Güneydeki 26 vilâyet birleşerek İrlanda Cumhuriyeti'ni oluşturdu.
 4 Nisan - Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması imzalandı.
 4 Mayıs - Torino FC futbol takımı oyuncuları ve yöneticilerini taşıyan uçak, Lizbon dönüşünde iniş sırasında Superga Bazilikası'nın duvarına çarparak düştü. Kazada uçaktaki 31 kişiden kurtulan olmadı.
 11 Mayıs - Siyam, ismini Tayland olarak değiştirdi.
 23 Mayıs - Batı Almanya'nın kurulduğu ilan edildi.
 8 Haziran - George Orwell'ın Bin Dokuz Yüz Seksen Dört adlı romanı yayımlandı.
 14 Haziran - ABD, Hermes Projesi kapsamında bir V-2 roketi ile ilk kez uzaya maymun gönderdi.
 27 Temmuz - İlk jet motorlu ticari yolcu uçağı De Havilland Comet, İngiltere'de ilk uçuşunu gerçekleştirdi.
 3 Ağustos - Amerika Basketbol Birliği ve Ulusal Basketbol Ligi'nin birleşmesi ile Ulusal Basketbol Birliği kuruldu.
 9 Ağustos - Türkiye, Avrupa Konseyi üyesi oldu.
 29 Ağustos - Sovyetler Birliği ilk başarılı nükleer bomba denemesini gerçekleştirdi.
 7 Eylül - Batı Almanya'nın kurulduğu ilan edildi.
 9 Eylül - Montreal - Baie-Comeau seferini yapan 108 sefer sayılı Canadian Pacific Air Lines uçağı, bir yolcunun kendisini öldürmek isteyen kocası tarafından valizine yerleştirilen zaman ayarlı dinamit sebebiyle havada infilak etti. Uçaktaki 23 kişiden kurtulan olmadı.
 1 Ekim
 Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, Mao Zedong önderliğinde kuruldu.
 Ankara Devlet Tiyatrosu kuruldu. Küçük Tiyatro ve Büyük Tiyatro sahneleri açıldı.
 7 Ekim - Doğu Almanya'nın kurulduğu ilan edildi.
 16 Ekim - Yunan İç Savaşı ulusal ordunun zaferi ile sonuçlandı.
 17 Ekim - Yolcu gemisi SS Noronic'in Toronto Limanı'nda yanması sonucu 118 kişi öldü.
 12 Kasım - Volkswagen Tip 2'nin seri üretimine başlandı.
 11 Aralık - Birleşmiş Milletler, Filistinli mültecilerin kendi topraklarına dönme hakkını kabul etti.
 28 Aralık - Ankara - Konya Karayolu ulaşıma açıldı.

Tarihi bilinmeyenler
 Çin Cumhuriyeti'nde Mao Zedong Pekin'i ele geçirdi.
 Türkiye'de harita mühendisi yetiştiren ilk bölüm Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi'nde açıldı.

Doğumlar

Ocak
 5 Ocak - Anne-Marie Lizin, Belçikalı siyasetçi (ö. 2015)
 24 Ocak - John Belushi, Amerikalı komedyen, oyuncu, yazar, müzisyen
 10 Ocak - Kemal Derviş, Türk ekonomist ve siyasetçi (ö. 2023)

Şubat
 15 Şubat - Esat Oktay Yıldıran, Türk Subayı
 17 Şubat - Engin Varol, Türk ressam
 20 Şubat - Ivana Trump, Çek iş insanı (ö. 2022)
 25 Şubat
 Emin Maluf, Lübnanlı yazar
 Esmeray, Türk oyuncu ve vokalist (ö. 2002)

Mart
 21 Mart - Slavoj Žižek, Sloven filozof
 26 Mart - Patrick Süskind, Alman yazar.
 29 Mart - Kayahan Açar, Türk pop müziği sanatçısı

Nisan
 14 Nisan - Eric Cunningham, Kanadalı siyasetçi ve iş insanı (ö. 2015)
 15 Nisan - Kadir İnanır, Türk sinema sanatçısı

Mayıs
 3 Mayıs - Alain Lacabarats, Fransız hukukçu
 9 Mayıs - Kerstin Alm, Fin siyasetçi

Haziran
 2 Haziran - Tommy Mandel, Amerikalı müzisyen
5 Haziran - Ken Follett, tarihsel ve gerilim türü romanlar yazan Galli yazardır.
 12 Haziran - Muhammed Abdu, Suudi müzisyen
 14 Haziran - Ahmed Zahir, Afgan müzisyen (ö. 1979)
 18 Haziran - Jarosław Kaczyński, Polonyalı siyasetçi, başbakan.
 22 Haziran
 Meryl Streep, Amerikalı oyuncu,
 Ebi - İranlı pop şarkıcısı
 25 Haziran - Brigitte Mohnhaupt, Alman gazeteci, marksist felsefeci, Kızıl Ordu Fraksiyonu mensubu

Temmuz
 1 Temmuz - Mustafa Yaman, Türk siyasetçi
 17 Temmuz - Bruno Pradal, Fas asıllı Fransız oyuncu (ö. 1992)

Ağustos

 1 Ağustos - Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Kırgızistan cumhurbaşkanı
 12 Ağustos - Mark Knopfler, İngiliz müzisyen
 13 Ağustos - Prof. Sencer Ayata Türk sosyoloji profesörü ve sosyal demokrat düşünür
 14 Ağustos - Aram Gasparoviç Sarkisyan, Ermeni politikacı, Ermenistan Komünist Partisi'nin son genel sekreteri
 31 Ağustos - Richard Gere, Amerikalı aktör

Eylül
 5 Eylül - Sami Ezzib, Filistin asıllı İsviçreli hukukçu
 7 Eylül
Gloria Gaynor, Amerikalı şarkıcı
Carlos Lehder, Alman-Kolombiyalı uyuşturucu baronu
 9 Eylül - John Curry, Olimpiyat ve Dünya Şampiyonu İngiliz buz patenci

Ekim
 8 Ekim - Suavi Eren, Türk oyuncu
 13 Ekim - Tarık Akan, Türk oyuncu (ö. 2016)
 22 Ekim - Arsène Wenger

Doğduğu gün ve ay bilinmeyenler

 Güneş Taner, Türk siyasetçi.
 Hulki Aktunç, şair ve yazar
 Evin Esen, Türk dizi ve tiyatro oyuncusu. (ö. 2012)

Ölümler
 21 Şubat - Ali Çetinkaya, Türk asker siyaset ve devlet adamı.
 4 Haziran - Maurice Blondel, Fransız düşünür.
 12 Şubat - Hasan el-Benna, Müslüman Kardeşler'in kurucusu

1949


Agrilus pseudinamoenus é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Descarpentries & Villiers, 1967.

Referências

pseudinamoenus

Agrilus pseudinamoenus


Riad Bajić (; n. 6 mai 1994) este un fotbalist profesionist bosniac, care joacă pe postul de atacant pentru echipa de Serie A Udinese și pentru echipa națională a Bosniei și Herțegovinei.

Bajić și-a început cariera de fotbalist profesionist la Željezničar, după care s-a transferat la Konyaspor în 2015. Doi ani mai târziu a ajuns la Udinese. În 2018, el a fost împrumutat la İstanbul Bașakșehir.

Un fost internațional de tineret pentru Bosnia și Herțegovina, Bajic și-a făcut debutul pentru echipa națională mare în 2017.

Zeljeznicar
Bajic este un produs al lui Željezničar, la a cărui academie de tineret s-a înscris în 2003. El și-a făcut debutul la profesioniști în meciul de calificare al echipei în Liga Campionilor împotriva lui Viktoria Plzeň la 16 iulie 2013 la vârsta de 19 ani. La 19 octombrie, a marcat primul său gol la profesioniști împotriva lui Mladost Velika Obarska.

Cu 15 goluri, Bajić a terminat sezonul 2014-2015 ca golgheter al campionatului.

Konyaspor
În august 2015, Bajić a fost transferat de clubul turc Konyaspor, cu care a semnat un contract pe trei ani, suma de transfer fiind de aproximativ 500.000 de euro. El a debutat pentru club într-un meci încheiat la egalitate scor 1-1 împotriva lui Akhisar pe 15 august și a marcat primul său gol împotriva lui Gaziantepspor două luni mai târziu.

În ianuarie 2017, Bajić a semnat un contract nou și îmbunătățit cu Konyaspor până în iunie 2020. În acel sezon a fost golgheterul echipei. Cele 17 goluri ale sale au fost cele mai multe goluri marcate de jucător al lui Konyaspor într-un singur sezon, bătând recordul anterior de 13 goluri marcate de Theofanis Gekas. Bajić a câștigat primul său titlu cu Konyaspor la 31 mai 2017, învingând-o pe İstanbul Bașakșehir în finala Cupei Turciei.

Udinese
La 1 august 2017, s-a anunțat faptul că Bajić a fost cumpărat de echipa italiană Udinese, pentru suma de 5,5 milioane de euro. Debutul său oficial pentru Udinese a venit într-o victorie cu 3-2 în Coppa Italia împotriva lui Frosinone două săptămâni mai târziu. El a debutat la 17 septembrie împotriva lui AC Milan.

La 20 ianuarie 2018, Bajić s-a întors în Turcia, fiind împrumutat timp de șase luni la echipa İstanbul Bașakșehir din Süper Lig. O săptămână mai târziu, și-a făcut debutul în campionat pentru noua sa echipă  într-o victorie scor 5-0 cu Kardemir Karabükspor. Bajić a marcat primul său gol într-o înfrângere în deplasare cu Alanyaspor pe 9 martie.

În iunie 2018, împrumutul său a fost prelungit pentru încă un sezon.

La națională
Bajić a fost membru al echipei sub 21 de ani a Bosniei și Herțegovina, sub comanda antrenorului Darko Nestorović.

În martie 2015, el a primit prima sa convocare pentru meciurile împotriva Andorrei și Austriei. A debutat la națională pe 25 martie 2017 în meciul de calificare la Campionatul Mondial din 2018 împotriva Gibraltarului.

Referințe

Atacanți
Fotbaliști internaționali bosniaci
Fotbaliști bosniaci
Bosniaci în viață
Nașteri în 1994
Nașteri pe 6 mai

Riad Bajić


Ragnhild Male Hartviksen (nascida a 15 de julho de 1976) é uma política norueguesa.

Ela foi eleita vice-representante no Storting pelo círculo eleitoral de Akershus para o período 2021-2025, pelo Partido Trabalhista. Ela substituiu Anniken Huitfeldt no Storting a partir de 2021, enquanto Huitfeldt é ministra no governo.

Hartviksen é de Spikkestad, e é membro do conselho municipal de Asker desde 2019. Ela formou-se pela Universidade de Oslo e trabalhou para o município de Drammen.

Mulheres da Noruega na política
Membros do Parlamento da Noruega
Alunos da Universidade de Oslo
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1976
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Mulheres)

Ragnhild Male Hartviksen


Teroele er en landsby i De Friese Meren i provinsen Frisland (Nederlandene).

Den havde en befolkning på omkring 20 i 2014. Før 2014 sorterede landsbyen under den nederlandske kommune Skarsterlân.

Eksterne henvisninger

Byer i Frisland (Nederlandene)

Teroele


آيت عيسى ميمون إحدى بلديات دائرة واقنون التابعة لولاية تيزي وزو، وهي من البلديات التي لها طابع جبلي إذ تبلغ أعلى قمة فيها 801 م في قرية إغيل بوشن. يحدها شمالا بلدية بوجيمة وشرقا بلدية تيقوبعين ومن الجنوب الغربي بلدية تيزي وزو.

بلغ عدد سكانها عام 2008 ما يقارب 20268 نسمة.

الأنشطة الاقتصادية

الزراعة
للبلدية أراضي زراعية هامة جدا مما جعلها تهتم بتربية المواشي ولها مردود جد مهم من ناحية إنتاج الحليب واللحوم الحمراء و البيضاء.

الصناعة
تتعدد الصناعات بالبلدية مثل:
 مواد البناء.
 الخشب ومنتجاته.
 الصناعات الغذانية.
 الغزل والنسيج.
 صناعة المواد الغذائية الحيوانية.
 صناعات حديدية وبلاستيكية متنوعة.
 وصناعات أخرى.

السياحة
تطل بلدية ايت عيسي ميمون على السلسلة الجبلية جرجرة من الجهة الجنوبية ومن الجهة الشمالية تقرب بحوالي 30كلم إلى بحر تيقزيرت مما يعطيها نسيما جد منعش بالخصوص في الصيف وفي الشتاء تكسها حلة بيضاء من الثلج وفي هذه المنطقة فيها بناء عمراني قديم ذو طابع امازيغي الذي هو في طريق الزوال.

التقسيم الإداري
تنقسم البلدية إلى عدة قرى كما يلي:

 ضالوث
 قرية اقاوج
 قرية بوشوبة
 قرية بوصوار
 قرية امقشرن
 قرية اتخلفات
 قرية تحانوت
 إغيل بوشن
 قرية اقني ناعمر
 قرية اخلوين
 قرية اقروا تحانوت
 قرية لازيف اوحداذ
 قرية منجاح
 قرية اث إبراهيم
 لمضامر
 ثيبلاكين
 لبضاحي

التعليم والتمدرس
التعليم له حظ وافر حيث 99 في المائة متمدرسين لما تحضي به هذه المنطقة من مدارس ابتدائية واكمالية وثناويات وارتفاع المستوى المعيشي مما جعل التعلم يسيرا جدا والقرارات الحكومية في التعليم الإجباري.
اما من ناحية التعليم العالي فتزخر ولاية تيزي وزو بثلاث جامعات عامرة مما ساعد هذه البلدية لقربها إلى هذه الجامعات في تمدرس أبنائها.

التاريخ
تحظى المنطقة بتاريخ زاخر من البطولات في محاربة الاستعمار أثناء الثورة الجزائرية حيث كانت من بين المناطق الأولي التي قدمت أبناءها في سبيل الله من أجل تحرير الوطن.

مواضيع ذات صلة
 بلديات ولاية تيزي وزو
 دوائر ولاية تيزي وزو

المراجع

 التقسيم الإداري لولاية  ولاية تيزي وزو

آيت عيسى ميمون

آيت عيسى ميمون


دائرة تاوقريت إحدى دوائر ولاية الشلف عاصمتها تاوقريت. وتضم كل من بلديات تاوقريت – الظهرة.

الموقع
يحدها من الشمال البحر المتوسط وبلدية المرسى ومن الغرب اجزاء من تراب ولايتي مستغانم وغليزان ويحدها جنوبا دائرة عين مران اما شرقا فتحدها مصدق والهرانفة، تبعد مدينة تاوقريت عن عاصمة الولاية الشلف بنحو ستين -60- كم، وتمتاز بطابعيها الفلاحي والغابي.

نظرة تاريخية
لا شك أن الاسم[تاوقريت]يدل على أن المنطقة ذات جذور تاريخية حيث أن هذا الاسم يعود إلى التواجد الروماني بالجزائر وقد أطلق هذا الاسم تيمنا بأحد الرومان الذين سكنوا المنطقة وكان للمنطقة دور فعال إبان التواجد الفرنسي ببلادنا من خلال مساهمة أعيان هذه الناحية في الذود مقومات السكان الاصلية ومد يد العون للمجاهدين إلى غاية الاستقلال.تا وقريت منطقة سياحية.

جغرافيا
تعتبر منطقة تاوقريت منطقة سهلية جبلية، من جبالها نذكر جبال الظهرة اما الغطاء السهلي فهو مساحة مستغلة زراعيا تقريبا.

الشؤون الدينية

المساجد

تحتوي هذه الدائرة على العديد من المساجد التي تشرف عليها مديرية الشؤون الدينية والأوقاف لولاية الشلف تحت وصاية وزارة الشؤون الدينية والأوقاف.
 المسجد العتيق
 مسجد عمرو بن العاص
 مسجد الأمير عبد القادر

الزوايا

 «زاوية الشعابنية».

مصادر

 الموقع الرسمي لولاية الشلف

دوائر الجزائر
تاوقريت

دائرة تاوقريت


Tabassarãs são um grupo étnico nativo do norte do Cáucaso, habitando principalmente o sul da república russa do Daguestão. Sua população total é de cerca de 150 mil pessoas, sua principal língua é o idioma Tabassarã e são predominantemente muçulmanos sunitas.

História

As primeiras menções ao povo Tabassarã vem de historiadores armênios do século VII D.C., já os descrevendo como um povo habitante do Daguestão.
Historiadores árabes do século VIII batizaram o território habitado por este povo de "Tabaristão". Foi no século VIII que os árabes conquistaram o norte do Cáucaso, levando o Islã para a região.

No século XIX, a região foi anexada pelo Império Russo, quando a região do Daguestão, e consequentemente as terras dos Tabassarãs, passaram a fazer parte da Rússia Czarista, passando posteriormente ao domínio da União Soviética e, contemporaneamente, da Federação Russa.

Cultura

Os Tabassarãs são um povo indígena norte caucasiano, relacionados com povos vizinhos da região como os lezguianos. Seu idioma nativo é o Tabassarã, da família das línguas caucasianas.
Em sua vasta maioria os Tabassarãs são muçulmanos sunitas, seguindo a escola Xafeísta   de jurisprudência.

Tabassarãs


Juro Kerošević (Husino kod Tuzle, 4. travnja 1900. – Tuzla, 8. svibnja 1986.), rudar i revolucionar, sudionik Husinske bune i Narodnooslobodilačke borbe.

Životopis
Rodio se 1900. godine u selu Husinu kod Tuzle. Potjecao je iz siromašne obitelji pa je već sa šesnaest godina morao se zaposliti u solani u Tuzli. Godinu dana poslije počeo je raditi kao rudar u rudniku Kreka. U Kreki je radio od 1915. do 1920. godine.

Život rudara tih godina pratili su – teški i nepodnošljivi radni uvjeti, oskudica životnih namirnica, bijedni uvjeti stanovanja, kao i zabrana bilo kakve političke aktivnosti. Kao mladi rudar, Juro je čitanjem brošura, radničkih novina, proglasa i letaka dobio prva spoznaje o radničkom pokretu. Godine 1919. upoznao se s Mitrom Trifunovićem Učom, borcem za radnička prava koji je tada držao radničke zborove na kojima je govorio o teškom životu i izrabljivanju radnika, ali i o pobjedi Listopadske socijalističke revolucije i njenim ciljevima.

Ubrzo potom Juro se učlanio u sindikalnu podružnicu rudara Kreke, koja je osnovana tih dana. Tu se upoznao i s Franjom Rezačem, Dragom Željeznikom i Ivanom Bračunom, koji su rukovodili radom ove podružnice. Tijekom 1920. godine KPJ je vrlo aktivno djelovala među rudarima Kreke – svake nedjelje rudari su održavali svoje zborove u Radničkom domu u Kreki, na kojima su raspravljali o svom položaju. Također su bili organizirani i kulturno-zabavni programi, praćeni igrankama i poselima. Juro je bio aktivni sudionik svih ovih akcija. U članstvo Komunističke partije Jugoslavije (KPJ) primljen je prvog dana poznatog rudarskog štrajka u Bosni i Hercegovini 21. prosinca 1920. godine.

Bio je uhićen i pri tome ozlijeđen. Proveo je neko vrijeme u tuzlanskoj bolnici. Nakon uhićenja, osuđen je na smrtnu kaznu vješanjem zbog ubojstva žandara, premda nije dokazano ubojstvo. Kralj ga je pomilovao te je umjesto smrtne dobio zatvorsku kaznu. Proveo je 17 godina u zatvoru u Zenici. Izašao je 2. veljače 1937. godine. Po izlasku je dvije godine bio bez posla. Posao je opet našao u rudniku Kreka u kojem je radio od 1937. do 1942. godine. Uhićen je zbog ilegalne političke djelatnosti, nakon čega je pola godine proveo u zatvoru. Izašavši iz zatvora vratio se na posao ali ubrzo je 1943. otišao u partizane. Sve do kraja rata bio je pri ZAVNOBIH-u. U mirovinu je otišao 1951. godine. Drugovi rudari su mu u Kreki sagradili novu kuću. Bavio se djeljanjem u drvu te je napravio više drvoreza na temu rudarskog štrajka u Kreki i Husinske bune, od čega je jednu darovao Titu.

Poslije je bio član Savjeta federacije.

Nagrade
Kerošević je dobio više javnih priznanja i odlikovanja.

Izvori

Literatura
Osamnaesta hrvatska istočnobosanska brigada. "Univerzal" Tuzla, 1988. godina.

Životopisi, Tuzla
Partizani
Bosanskohercegovački komunisti do 1945.
Bosanskohercegovački komunisti u drugoj Jugoslaviji
Hrvati u Bosni i Hercegovini
Husino
Rudari

Juro Kerošević


O Club Atlético Unión, também conhecido como Unión de Sunchales, é um clube esportivo argentino localizado na cidade de Sunchales, no departamento de Castellanos, na província de Santa Fé, na Argentina. Foi fundado em 2 de abril de 1948 e ostenta as cores   verde e branco.

Sua principal atividade esportiva é o futebol profissional. O clube disputa atualmente o Torneo Federal A, uma das duas ligas que compõem a terceira divisão do sistema de ligas de futebol argentino.

O clube manda seus jogos no estádio de la Avenida, do qual é proprietário. A praça esportiva, também localizada na cidade de Sunchales, conta com capacidade para 5 000 espectadores.

Títulos

Ver também
 Futebol na Argentina
 Lista de clubes de futebol da Argentina
 Sistema de ligas de futebol da Argentina

Ligações externas
  Página oficial do clube

  Perfil, partidas e outras informações do clube no portal esportivo Soccerway
  Perfil, plantel, história, notícias, e outras informações do clube no portal esportivo Transfermarkt

  Informações, notícias e outras informações do clube no portal esportivo Mundo Ascenso
  Notícias e outras informações do clube no portal esportivo Solo Ascenso

  Hitórias e úotícias do clube no portal esportivo Interior Futbolero

Clubes de futebol fundados em 1948
Clubes de futebol da província de Santa Fé

Club Atlético Unión (Sunchales)


Hidroarheološko nalazište nalazi se u pomorju Grada Visa.

Opis dobra
Hidroarheološko nalazište, ulomci amfora tipa Lamboglia II na dubini od 25-50 m, potječe od brodoloma koji je datiran u 1. st. prije Krista.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom RST-0674 zavedeno je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - arheologija, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "podvodna arheološka zona/nalazište".

Izvori

Zaštićena kulturna dobra u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Vis
Ostatci antičkih brodoloma u Hrvatskoj

Hidroarheološko nalazište kod Visa 2


Marie-Madeleine couchée (en italien ) est une sculpture en marbre d'Antonio Canova, représentant Marie-Madeleine se languissant de douleur. Commandé par le premier ministre britannique Robert Jenkinson, elle lui a été livrée en octobre 1822, un mois après la mort de Canova .

Description

Canova décrit en 1819 la Marie Madeleine de son œuvre comme .

Histoire
Après la mort de Robert Jenkinson en 1828, la sculture reste dans la famille et est présentée dans plusieurs grandes expositions publiques à travers le Royaume-Uni. Elle est vendue avec le manoir de Witley Court en 1920 à Herbert Smith, un fabricant de tapis et la statue n'est alors plus attribuée à Canova. Elle est vendue trois fois dont Violet Van der Elst (1882-1966), entrepreneuse britannique, connue pour son combat contre la peine de mort. Elle est achetée en 2002 pour 5200 livres lors d'une vente de sculpture de nains de jardins, par un couple britannique qui l'installe dans leur jardin. Averti qu'il pourrait s'agir de la sculpture perdue de Canova, il la font expertiser plusieurs années plus tard. La statue est en très bon état, sauf un crucifix partiellement manquant sur l'épaule de Marie Madeleine. Elle sera mise en vente par Christie's en juillet 2022 après avoir été exposée à Londres, New York et Hong Kong.

Références

Sculpture d'Antonio Canova
Sculpture en marbre
Sculpture du XIXe siècle
Sculpture chrétienne

Marie-Madeleine couchée


Teofil al Alexandriei a fost cel de-al 23-lea papă și patriarh al Bisericii ortodoxe copte a Alexandriei și al Bisericii Ortodoxe a Alexandriei, succesor al Sfântului Apostol și Evanghelist Marcu (385-412).

A devenit papă într-o perioadă dificilă în care populația Alexandriei era divizată de un conflict între creștini și păgâni.

Edward Gibbon l-a descris ca fiind "... veșnicul dușman al păcii și virtuții, un om îndrăzneț și rău, ale cărui mâini au fost pătate alternativ cu aur și cu sânge".

Context
Potrivit relatărilor lui Rufin și Sozomen, în anul 391 Teofil și adepții săi au descoperit un templu păgân și au prezentat public și în bătaie de joc artefactele păgâne din templu, ofensându-i suficient de mult pe păgâni pentru a provoca un atac împotriva creștinilor. Gruparea creștină a reacționat și i-a forțat pe păgâni să se retragă în templul lui Serapis. Împăratul Teodosiu I i-a cerut papei Teofil, printr-o scrisoare, să-i ierte pe păgâni, dar să le distrugă templul; potrivit lui Socrates Scholasticus, un contemporan al papei, distrugerea templului a fost sugerată de Teofil însuși.

Scholasticus a consemnat că:

Distrugerea templului lui Serapis a fost văzută de mulți autori antici și moderni ca un moment istoric reprezentativ pentru triumful creștinismului asupra celorlalte religii. Potrivit cronicii scrise de Ioan de Nikiou în secolul al VII-lea, atunci când filozoafa Hypatia a fost linșată și jupuită de o gloată de călugări copți din Alexandria, aceștia îl aclamau pe nepotul și succesorul lui Teofil, Chiril, ca "noul Teofil, pentru că a distrus ultimele rămășițe de idolatrie din oraș".

Deși i-a susținut o perioadă pe adepții lui Origen, Teofil s-a întors împotriva lor, deoarece și-a schimbat punctul de vedere de la interpretarea necorporală a lui Dumnezeu realizată de Origen către interpretarea antropomorfă realizată de mulți călugări locali care au fost ostili scrisorii sale pastorale din anul 399.

În anul 403 Teofil, însoțit de nepotul său Chiril, s-a dus la Constantinopol și a prezidat "Sinodul de la Stejar" care l-a demis pe arhiepiscopul Ioan Gură de Aur în anul 404.

La 10 iulie, în Sinaxarul Ortodox Răsăritean (Grec), are loc comemorarea celor 10.000 de călugări uciși la ordinele patriarhului Teofil în campania sa paranoică împotriva origenismului și a celor Patru Frați Înalți. Nepotul și succesorul său, Chiril, a fost canonizat atât de Biserica Răsăriteană, cât și de Biserica Apuseană, cu excepția notabilă a Bisericii Asiriene a Răsăritului, pentru formularea și apărarea uniunii ipostatice, rolul său central la Primul Sinod Ecumenic de la Efes și opoziția sa față de patriarhul Nestorie al Constantinopolului.

Opere
 Corespondența cu Sf. Ieronim, Papa Anastasie I și Papa inocențiu I
 Pamflet la adresa Sf. Ioan Gură de Aur
 Omilie cu privire la Răstignire și la Tâlharul cel Bun
 Omilii traduse de Sf. Ieronim (păstrate în enciclopedia lui Migne)
 Alte omilii ce s-au păstrat doar în traducerile coptă și gî'îz.

În cultura populară
Teofil apare în romanul Flow Down Like Silver, Hypatia of Alexandria de Ki Longfellow.

El apare ca personaj interpretat de Manuel Cauchi în filmul Agora (2009), regizat de Alejandro Amenábar.

Moștenire
Craterul lunar Theophilus a fost numit după el, ca parte al unui grup de trei cratere lunare numite după sfinții creștin-ortodocși din Alexandria.

Referințe

Bibliografie
 Charles, R. H., The Chronicle of John, Bishop of Nikiu: Translated from Zotenberg's Ethiopic Text, 1916. Reprinted 2007. Evolution Publishing.
 Russell, N., Theophilus of Alexandria (London, Routledge, 2006) (The Early Church Fathers).
 Polański, T., "The Three Young Men in the Furnace and the Art of Ecphrasis in the Coptic Sermon by Theophilus of Alexandria," Studies in Ancient Art and Civilisation, 10 (2007), 79–100.

Legături externe

 Bede's Library: Theophilus
 Christian Classics Ethereal Library: Theophilus
 Order of the Magnificat: St. Cyril
 Cyril of Alexandria
 Nestorian Theology
 John of Nikiu, Chronicle  : the lynching of Hypatia
 Socrates and Sozumenos Ecclesiastical Histories ch. vii

Decese în 412
Arhiepiscopi din secolul al IV-lea
Patriarhi ai Alexandriei
Eponime ale craterelor de pe Lună

Teofil al Alexandriei


Man må da selv kunne lave den børnehave er en dokumentarfilm fra 1973 instrueret af Allan de Waal efter manuskript af Allan de Waal, Dannie Olsen.

Handling
Børnehavepigen (en slags "super-pige") er den egentlige hovedperson i denne film. I en blanding af reportage- og tegnefilm forsøger hun dels at fortælle en stakkels "forælder" om, hvilke muligheder der er, hvis man selv vil være med til at lave en børnehave - og dels også en hel del om de vanskeligheder, det er forbundet med.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1973

Man må da selv kunne lave den børnehave


මාටින් ලූතර් කිංග් 1963, වොෂින්ටන් ඩී සී හි පැවති සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් පාගමනේදී මෙම දේශනය පැවැත්වීය.
මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ යනු 1963 අගෝස්තු 28 වන දින රැකියා හා නිදහස වෙනුවෙන් වූ පාගමනේදී, ඇමෙරිකානු සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් ක්‍රියාකාරික මාටින් ලූතර් කිංග් විසින් කරනු ලැබූ ප්‍රසිද්ධ දේශණයකි. එහිදී ඔහු මානව හා ආර්ථික අයිතීන් වෙනුවෙන් ඇමෙරිකාවේ වර්ණ භේද වාදයට තිත තැබීමටත් ඉල්ලා සිටියේය. වොෂින්ටන් ඩී සී හි ලින්කන් අනුස්මරණයේ පියවරයන්හි සිට 250,000 ට අධික සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් ආධාරකරුවන් වෙත ලබා දෙන ලදී. තවද, එය සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් ව්‍යාපාරයේ තීරණාත්මක අවස්ථාවක් වූ අතර ඇමෙරිකානු ඉතිහාසයේ වඩාත්ම කැපී පෙනෙන කතා අතර විය.
1863 දී මිලියන සංඛ්‍යාත වහලුන් නිදහස් කළ විමුක්ති ප්‍රකාශය ගැන සඳහන් කරමින් කිංග් පැවසූවේ "වසර සියයකට පසුවත් නීග්‍රෝවරැ තවමත් නිදහස් නැත" යනුවෙනි. කතාව අවසානයේදී කිංග් සිය දේශනය නතර කළේ "මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ" යන තේමාව මත අර්ධ ලෙස විග්‍රහ කරමිනි.
ශ්‍රාවකයින්ව වඩාත් උද්දීපනය කර ඇති මෙම කොටසේදී වහල්භාවය හා වෛරයේ රටකින් පැන නගින නිදහස හා සමානාත්මතාවය පිළිබඳව සිහින ගැන කිංග් විස්තර කළේය. ජෝන් මීචම් මෙසේ ලියයි. "එක් වාක්‍යයකින් මාටින් ලූතර් කිංග් නූතන ඇමෙරිකාව හැඩ ගස්වා ඇති මිනිසුන් වූ ජෙෆර්සන් හා ලින්කන් අතරට එක් වූයේය". 1999 දී මහජන ඇමතුම් පිළිබඳ විද්වතුන්ගේ මත විමසුමකදී 20 වන සියවසේ ඉහලම තලයේ ඇමෙරිකානු කතාව ලෙස නම් කරන ලදී.

පසුබිම

රැකියා සහ නිදහස සඳහා වොෂින්ටන්හි පැවති පාගමනේ අරමුණ වූයේ, ජනාධිපති කෙනඩි විසින් ජූනි මාසයේදී යොජනා කරන ලද සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් නීති සඳහා මහජන සහයෝගය පෙන්වීමයි. එබැවින් සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් ව්‍යාපාරයේ ලාංඡනය බවට පත්ව ඇති සිවිල් ගැටලු අවුලාලීම වළක්වා ගැනීම සඳහා මාටින් ලූතර් කිංග් සහ අනෙකුත් නායකයින් ඔවුන්ගේ කතා සන්සුනව තබා ගැනීමට එකඟ වූහ. කිංග් ප්‍රථමයෙන් සිය දේශනය නිර්මාණය කළේ ඒබ්‍රහම් ලින්කන්ගේ ගෙට්ස්බර්ග් ලිපිනයට උපහාරයක් වශයෙනි. එය විමුක්ති ප්‍රකාශනයේ සියවසට අනුරූප වේ.

කථන මාතෘකාව සහ ලිවීමේ ක්‍රියාවලිය
කිං 1960 සිට වර්ණ පිළිබඳ ජනතාවගේ අභිවෘද්ධිය සඳහා වූ ජාතික සංගමයට (එන්.ඒ.ඒ.සී.පී) "නෙග්‍රෝ සහ ඇමරිකානු සිහිනය" නමින් දේශනයක් කළ සිහින ගැන දේශනා කරමින් සිටියේය. මෙම කථාව ඇමරිකානු සිහිනය හා යථාර්ථය අතර පරතරය ගැන කතා කරමින්, සුදු සුදු අධිපතිවාදීන් සිහිනය උල්ලංගණය කර ඇති බවත්, "අපේ ෆෙඩරල් රජය ද උදාසීනත්වය හා කුහකකම තුළින් යුක්තිය පසිඳලීම මගින් සිහිනය කැළැල් කර ඇති බවත්" කියා සිටියේය. "ඇමරිකාවේ ආත්මය බේරා ගැනීම සඳහා නීග්‍රෝ දෙවියන්ගේ මෙවලම විය හැකිය" යනුවෙන් කිං යෝජනා කරයි. 1961 දී ඔහු සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් ව්‍යාපාරය සහ ශිෂ්‍ය ක්‍රියාකාරීන්ගේ සමානාත්මතාවයේ සිහිනය ගැන කතා කළේය. ඇමරිකානු සිහිනය ... ජාතික කථන හා ප්‍රකාශ කිහිපයකම තවමත් ඉටු නොවූ සිහිනයක් වන අතර මෙම කථාවල කේන්ද්‍රස්ථානය ලෙස "සිහිනය" ගෙන ගියේය.

1962 නොවැම්බර් 27 වන දින කිං උතුරු කැරොලිනාවේ රොකී මවුන්ට් හි බුකර් ටී. වොෂිංටන් උසස් පාසලේ දේශනයක් පැවැත්වීය. එම කථාව අවසානයේ ඔහු ලින්කන් අනුස්මරණයෙන් ඉදිරිපත් කරන අනුවාදයට වඩා දිගු විය. පාගමනේ සමහර කොටස් එහා මෙහා ගෙන යද්දී, "මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ" යන වැලැක්වීම ඇතුළුව විශාල කොටස් සමාන විය. නැවත සොයා ගැනීමෙන් පසුව,  1962 කථාවේ ප්‍රතික්ෂ්පා හා ඩිජිටල්කරණය පටිගත කිරීම උතුරු කැරොලිනා ප්‍රාන්ත විශ්ව විද්‍යාලයේ ඉංග්‍රීසි දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව විසින් මහජනයාට ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලදී. 1963 ජුනි මාසයේදී කිංග් ඩෙට්‍රොයිට් හි "සිහින" කතාවක් කර ඇති අතර, ඔහු වෝල්ටර් රූදර් සහ පූජ්‍ය සී. එල්. වොෂිංටනයේ කතාවට මොහොතකට පෙර "මම කොහොමද අවසන් කරන්නේ" ගායනා කළ මහලියා ජැක්සන් කිංග්ස් ඩෙට්‍රොයිට් කථාව ගැන දැන සිටියේය.
පාගමන වොෂිංටන් කථාව, "මට සිහින කථාවක් ඇත" යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වේ, විවිධ අවස්ථා වලදී ලියා ඇති අනුවාද කිහිපයක් ඇති බව පෙන්නුම් කර ඇත. එහි තනි අනුවාද කෙටුම්පතක් නොමැති නමුත් කෙටුම්පත් කිහිපයක එකතුවක් වන අතර එය මුලින් හැඳින්වූයේ "සාමාන්‍යය, නැවත කිසිදිනෙක නොවේ" යන්නයි. මෙයින් ස්වල්පයක් සහ තවත් "සාමාන්‍ය කථාවක්" අවසන් කෙටුම්පතෙන් අවසන් විය. මෝර්හවුස් විද්‍යාලයේ මාටින් ලූතර් කිං ජේ.අාර්, රොබට් ඩබ්ලිව්. වුඩ්රෆ් පුස්තකාලය, ඇට්ලන්ටා විශ්ව විද්‍යාල මධ්‍යස්ථානය සහ මෝර්හවුස් විද්‍යාලයේ එකතුවෙහි "සාමාන්‍යය, නැවත කිසිදිනෙක" කෙටුම්පතක් තබා ඇත. "මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ" යන්න කෙරෙහි අවධානය යොමු වන්නේ කථාව ඉදිරිපත් කිරීමෙනි. එය භාරදීමේ අවසානය වන විට අප්‍රිකානු ඇමරිකානු ශුභාරංචි ගායිකාවක් වන මහලියා ජැක්සන් සමූහයාගෙන් රජුට කෑගැසුවේ "සිහිනය ගැන ඔවුන්ට කියන්න මාටින්" කියාය.  කිං සිය සූදානම් කළ ප්‍රකාශවලින් ඉවත්ව "දේශනා" කිරීම දියුණු කරමින් සිය කරුණු විරාම ලකුණු කරමින් "මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ."

නිව් යෝර්ක් නගරයේ රිවර්ඩේල් හි ස්ටැන්ලි ලෙවිසන් සහ ක්ලැරන්ස් බෙන්ජමින් ජෝන්ස් ගේ සහාය ඇතිව කථාව කෙටුම්පත් කරන ලදී. ජෝන්ස් පවසා ඇත්තේ, "පාගමන සඳහා සැපයුම්මය සූදානම කෙතරම් බරද යත්, කථාව අපට ප්‍රමුඛතාවයක් නොවූ" බවත්, "අගෝස්තු 27 වන අඟහරුවාදා සවස [පා ගමනට පැය 12 කට පෙර] මාටින් තවමත් එසේ නොකළ බවත් ඔහු කියන්නට යන්නේ කුමක්දැයි දැන ගන්න ".  වොෂිංටනයේ මහා පාගමනේදි  කථාව ඉදිරිපත් කිරීමට පෙරාතුව, කිං සිය කතාවේ "මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ" යන ප්‍රකාශය ඩෙට්‍රොයිට් හි කෝබෝ ශාලාවේදී 25,000 කට අධික පිරිසකට පෙර ඩෙට්‍රොයිට් හි 125,000 ක් වූ මහා ඇවිදීමේ නිදහස ඩෙට්‍රොයිට් හි ජුනි 23 වන දින ඉදිරිපත් කළේය. 1963.   වොෂිංටන් ඩී. සී. මාර්තු වලින් පසුව, කිංග්ස් කෝබෝ හෝල් කතාවේ පටිගත කිරීමක් ඩෙට්‍රොයිට් හි ගෝර්ඩි රෙකෝඩ්ස් විසින් එල්පී ලෙස "නිදහස සඳහා පාගමන" නමින් නිකුත් කරන ලදී.

කථනය නිරුත්තර බවෙහි විශිෂ්ඨතම  කෘතියක් ලෙස පුළුල් ලෙස ප්‍රශංසා කරන ලද කිංගේ කථාව ඇමරිකානු ප්‍රකාශනයේ නිදහස ප්‍රකාශ කිරීම, විමුක්තිය ප්‍රකාශනය සහ එක්සත් ජනපද ව්‍යවස්ථාව ඇතුළු වැදගත් ලියකියවිලි ඉල්ලා සිටී. සිය කතාවේ මුලදී, කිං ඒබ්‍රහම් ලින්කන්ගේ ගෙටිස්බර්ග් ලිපිනයට "වසර පහකට පෙර ..." යනුවෙන් සඳහන් කරමින් විමුක්තිය ප්‍රකාශනයේ දක්වා ඇති වහල්භාවය අහෝසි කිරීම ගැන සඳහන් කරමින් කිං මෙසේ පවසයි: "එය දිගු කලක් අවසන් කිරීම ප්‍රීතිමත් දිවා භෝජන සංග්‍රහයක් විය. ඔවුන්ගේ වහල්භාවයේ රාත්‍රිය. " කථාව පුරාම ඇනෆෝරා (එනම් වාක්‍යයේ ආරම්භයේ දී වාක්‍ය ඛණ්ඩයක් පුනරාවර්තනය කිරීම) යොදා ගනී. සිය කතාවේ මුල් අවධියේදී, කිං සිය සබයෙන් ඉල්ලා සිටින්නේ මොහොත අල්ලා ගන්නා ලෙසයි; හයවන ඡේදයේ "දැන් කාලය" තුන් වතාවක් පුනරාවර්තනය වේ. ඇනෆෝරා පිළිබඳ වඩාත්ම පුළුල් උදාහරණය බොහෝ විට උපුටා දක්වන ලද "මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ" යන වාක්‍ය ඛණ්ඩයෙන් සොයාගත හැකිය. එය කිං සිය ප්‍රේක්ෂකයින් සඳහා ඒකාබද්ධ හා එක්සත් ඇමරිකාවේ පින්තූරයක් පින්තාරු කරන විට අට වතාවක් පුනරාවර්තනය වේ. තවත් අවස්ථා අතරට "අවුරුදු සියයකට පසුව", "අපට කිසි විටෙකත් සෑහීමකට පත්විය නොහැකිය", "මෙම ඇදහිල්ලෙන්", "නිදහස නාද වීමට ඉඩ දෙන්න" සහ "අන්තිමේදී නිදහස් වන්න". නිල වැඩසටහනට අනුව එදින කථා කළ දහඅට දෙනාගෙන් දහසය දෙනා කිං ය

කතාවේ වඩාත්ම උපුටා ගත් රේඛා අතර "මගේ කුඩා දරුවන් සිව්දෙනා කවදා හෝ දවසක ජීවත් වනු ඇතැයි මම සිහිනයක් දනිමි. ඔවුන්ගේ සමේ වර්ණයෙන් නොව ඔවුන්ගේ චරිතයේ අන්තර්ගතයෙන් විනිශ්චය කරනු නොලැබේ. මට ඇත අද සිහින දකින්න! " ශිෂ්‍ය අවිහිංසාවාදී සම්බන්ධීකරණ කමිටුවේ සභාපතිවරයා ලෙස එදින කථා කළ එක්සත් ජනපද නියෝජිත ජෝන් ලුවිස්ට අනුව, "ලින්කන් අනුස්මරණයේ එම පියවර ස්මාරක ප්‍රදේශයක් බවට පරිවර්තනය කිරීමේ බලය, හැකියාව සහ හැකියාව ආචාර්ය කිංට තිබුණි. සදහටම පිළිගැනීමට ලක්විය යුතුය.ඔහු කළ ආකාරයට කථා කිරීමෙන්, ඔහු අධ්‍යාපනය ලබා, ආනුභාව ලත් අතර, ඔහු එහි සිටි ජනතාවට පමණක් නොව, ඇමරිකාව පුරා සිටින මිනිසුන්ට සහ නූපන් පරම්පරාවන්ට දැනුම් දුන්නේය. " කථාවේ අදහස් මගින් ජනවාර්ගික කේන්ද්‍රීය අපයෝජනය, කළු ජාතිකයින්ට අයුතු ලෙස සැලකීම සහ සූරාකෑම පිළිබඳ කිංගේ සමාජ අත්දැකීම් පිළිබිඹු වේ. සියලු මිනිසුන්ට නිදහස සහ යුක්තිය සැපයීම සඳහා පිහිටුවන ලද ජාතියක් ලෙස ඇමරිකාවේ මිථ්‍යාවන්ට ආයාචනා කිරීම මෙම කථාවෙන් උකහා ගන්නා අතර, එම වාර්ගික යුක්තිය ද දෙවියන්ගේ කැමැත්තට අනුකූල යැයි තර්ක කරමින් අධ්‍යාත්මික සන්දර්භයක් තුළ තැබීමෙන් එම ලෞකික මිථ්‍යා කථා ශක්තිමත් කරයි. මේ අනුව, කතාවේ නිරවද්‍ය බවඇමරිකාවට වාර්ගික ගැටළු සඳහා මිදීම සපයයි.  කිං විස්තර කරන්නේ ඇමරිකාව දුන් පොරොන්දු ඇමරිකාව පැහැර හැර ඇති "පොරොන්දු සටහනක්" ලෙස ය. ඔහු පවසන්නේ "ඇමරිකාව නීග්‍රෝ ජනතාවට නරක චෙක්පතක් ලබා දී ඇති" නමුත් වොෂිංටන් ඩී.සී.

සමානකම් සහ යෙදුම්

කිංගේ කථාව ඔහුගේම කථා සහ වෙනත් භාෂා වලින් වචන සහ අදහස් භාවිතා කළේය. ඔහු වසර ගණනාවක් තිස්සේ සිහින ගැන කථා කළ අතර සැමුවෙල් ෆ්‍රැන්සිස් ස්මිත්ගේ ජනප්‍රිය දේශප්‍රේමී ගීතය වන "ඇමරිකාව" ("මගේ රට") උපුටා දක්වා ඇති අතර එය බොහෝ දුරට බයිබලයට යොමු කර ඇත. ව්‍යවස්ථානුකූල අයිතිවාසිකම් "ඉටු නොවූ පොරොන්දුවක්" ලෙස ක්ලැරන්ස් ජෝන්ස් විසින් යෝජනා කරන ලදී. කිංගේ කතාවේ අවසාන ඡේදය 1952 රිපබ්ලිකන් ජාතික සම්මේලනයට ආචිබෝල්ඩ් කේරි කනිෂ්ගේ දේශනයට සමීපව සමාන වේ: කථා දෙකම අවසන් වන්නේ "ඇමරිකාවේ" පළමු පදය පාරායනය කිරීමෙනි, සහ කථාවන් කඳු කිහිපයකින් එකක නම බෙදා ගනී. දෙදෙනාම අවවාද කරන්නේ "නිදහස නාද වේවා" යනුවෙනි.

ප්‍රතිචාර

මෙම සිදුවීමෙන් පසු දින කිහිපය තුළ කථාව පැසසුමට ලක් වූ අතර සමකාලීන නිරීක්ෂකයින් විසින් මාර්තු මාසයේ උච්චතම ස්ථානය ලෙස සලකනු ලැබීය. නිව් යෝර්ක් ටයිම්ස් පුවත්පතට ලියූ ජේම්ස් රෙස්ටන් පැවසුවේ "ආචාර්ය කිං දවසේ සියලු තේමාවන් ස්පර්ශ කළේ අන් සියල්ලන්ට වඩා හොඳ බවය. ඔහු ලින්කන් සහ ගාන්ධිගේ සංකේතවාදයෙන් සහ බයිබලයේ කේඩන්ස් වලින් පිරී සිටියේය. සටන්කාමී මෙන්ම කනගාටුදායක මෙන්ම දිගු ගමන වටිනවා යැයි හැඟීමෙන් ඔහු සමූහයා පිටත් කර හැරියේය. " ජනාධිපති කෙනඩිගේ සමාරම්භක දිනයේ සිට මෙහි පැවති ඕනෑම සිදුවීමකට වඩා රූපවාහිනී හා පුවත්පත් මගින් මෙම සිදුවීම වඩා හොඳින් ආවරණය වී ඇති බව රෙස්ටන් සඳහන් කළේය. බොස්ටන් ග්ලෝබ් හි ලිපියක් මේරි විසින් මැක්ග්‍රෝරි වාර්තා කළේ කිංගේ කථාව "මනෝභාවය ග්‍රහණය කර" ඇති අතර "දවසේ සමූහයා පෙලඹවූයේ" වෙනත් කිසිදු කථිකයෙකු ලෙස නොවන බවයි.වොෂිංටන් පෝස්ට් හි මාක්විස් චිල්ඩ්ස් ලිවූයේ කිංගේ කථාව "හුදු වාචාලයට වඩා ඉහළ ගොස් ඇති" බවයි. ලොස් ඇන්ජලීස් ටයිම්ස් පුවත්පතේ පළ වූ ලිපියක සඳහන් වූයේ, "අපේ යුගයේ අමතක නොවන තරමට දුර්ලභ වර්ගයක්" වන "උත්තරීතර කථිකයෙකු" වන කිං විසින් ප්‍රදර්ශනය කරන ලද "අසමසම වාචාලකම" - වෙන්වීම වෙනුවෙන් පෙනී සිටින්නන් ලජ්ජාවට පත් කරමින් " ඇමරිකාවේ හෘදය සාක්ෂිය "සිවිල් අයිතිවාසිකම් වෙනුවෙන් සාධාරණය ඉටු කිරීම."

මට සිහිනයක් තිබේ (මාටින් ලූතර් කිංග්ගේ දේශනය)


Nicholas Donabet Kristof (born April 27, 1959) is an American journalist and political commentator. A winner of two Pulitzer Prizes, he is a regular CNN contributor and an op-ed columnist for The New York Times.

Born in Chicago, Kristof was raised in Yamhill, Oregon, the son of two professors at nearby Portland State University. After graduating from Harvard University, where he wrote for The Harvard Crimson, Kristof intermittently interned at The Oregonian. He joined the staff of The New York Times in 1984.

Kristof is a self-described progressive. According to The Washington Post, Kristof "rewrote opinion journalism" with his emphasis on human rights abuses and social injustices, such as human trafficking and the Darfur conflict. Archbishop Desmond Tutu of South Africa described Kristof as an "honorary African" for shining a spotlight on neglected conflicts in the continent.

Early life and education
Kristof was born in Chicago, Illinois, and grew up on a family sheep farm and cherry orchard in Yamhill, Oregon. He is the son of Jane Kristof (née McWilliams) and Ladis "Kris" Kristof (born Władysław Krzysztofowicz; 1918-2010), both long-time professors at Portland State University in Portland, Oregon. His father was born to Polish and Armenian parents in the Chernivtsi, former Austria-Hungary, who immigrated to the United States after World War II. Kristof graduated from Yamhill Carlton High School, where he was student body president and school newspaper editor. He attended Harvard College, where he was a Phi Beta Kappa graduate. At Harvard, he studied government, interned at Portland's The Oregonian, and worked on The Harvard Crimson newspaper. According to a profile of him, "Alums recall Kristof as one of the brightest undergraduates on campus."

After Harvard, he studied law at Magdalen College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar. He earned his law degree with first-class honors and won an academic prize. He studied Arabic in Egypt for the 1983–84 academic year at The American University in Cairo. He has a number of honorary degrees.

Career
After joining The New York Times in 1984, initially covering economics, Kristof worked as a correspondent for the company in Los Angeles, Hong Kong, Beijing, and Tokyo. He rose to be associate managing editor of The New York Times, responsible for Sunday editions. His columns have often focused on global health, poverty, and gender issues in the developing world. In particular, since 2004 he has written dozens of columns about Darfur and visited the area 11 times.

Kristof's biography says he has traveled to more than 150 countries. Jeffrey Toobin of CNN and The New Yorker, a Harvard classmate, has said: "I'm not surprised to see him emerge as the moral conscience of our generation of journalists. I am surprised to see him as the Indiana Jones of our generation of journalists."

Bill Clinton said of Kristof in September 2009:
"There is no one in journalism, anywhere in the United States at least, who has done anything like the work he has done to figure out how poor people are actually living around the world, and what their potential is. So every American citizen who cares about this should be profoundly grateful that someone in our press establishment cares enough about this to haul himself all around the world to figure out what's going on. ... I am personally in his debt, as are we all."

Kristof was a member of the board of overseers of Harvard University, where he was chief marshal of commencement for his 25th reunion. He is a member of the board of trustees of the Association of American Rhodes Scholars. Joyce Barnathan, president of the International Center for Journalists, said in a 2013 statement: "Nick Kristof is the conscience of international journalism."

In 2020, Darren Walker of the Ford Foundation described Kristof as "journalism's North Star on issues of poverty, dignity and justice."

Between 2010 and 2018 Kristof wrote three articles about Kevin Cooper, a man who had been sentenced to death for murdering a family in California. In these articles Kristof made the case that Cooper had been framed by a racist Sheriff's department and that the true killer was a white contract killer named Lee Furrow. After the third article, both U.S. Senators from California, Kamala Harris and Dianne Feinstein, called for a second round of DNA testing to clarify whether Cooper had been framed. Seven months after the article was published, departing Governor Jerry Brown authorized limited retesting to settle the issue; the testing is still ongoing.

On November 12, 2016, Kristof made national headlines after he chased and tackled an intruder whom he discovered burglarizing his room at the Franklin Hotel near Independence Hall in Philadelphia. In a blog post titled "Why You Should Always Lock Your Hotel Room Door," published in The New York Times later that day, Kristof wrote that the thief threatened multiple times to stab him during the chase and was restrained in the lobby with the help of several hotel employees.

Oregon gubernatorial campaign
In July 2021, survey research was conducted that appeared to be directed toward recruiting him or testing his potential appeal, as a candidate for governor of Oregon in 2022, as incumbent Kate Brown is term-limited. In October 2021, Kristof left The New York Times after forming a political action committee for his potential candidacy, saying in a statement,
"Precisely because I have a great job, outstanding editors and the best readers, I may be an idiot to leave. But you all know how much I love Oregon, and how much I've been seared by the suffering of old friends there. So I've reluctantly concluded that I should try not only to expose problems but also see if I can fix them directly."

In a twitter thread about Kristof's announcement, New York Times Features Editor Hillary Howard wrote, "Nick had a remarkable talent for never taking anything personally, for never letting his ego get in the way. At a place as competitive as the Times, this trait really stood out. He somehow seemed like this innocent, unchanged after dining with warlords or interviewing pimps. This trait will serve him well, should he go into politics." Other colleagues described Kristof as a mentor to young journalists.

On October 27, 2021, Kristof officially announced he would run for governor as a Democrat. A day later, on October 28, 2021, the Times published an essay by Kristof in which he wrote,
"I love journalism, but I also love my home state. I keep thinking of Theodore Roosevelt's dictum: 'It is not the critic who counts, not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles,' he said. 'The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena.'"

On January 6, 2022, Shemia Fagan, the Oregon Secretary of State, announced that Kristof was ineligible to run as he was judged not to have met the state's residency requirements. Kristof challenged the decision in court and on February 17, the Oregon Supreme Court upheld the Secretary of State's ruling.

On August 1, 2022, Kristof and The New York Times announced that he would be returning to his  job as a columnist for the newspaper. His first new column since returning to the paper was published on November 16, 2022.

Prizes
In 1990, Kristof and his wife, Sheryl WuDunn, won a Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting for their reporting on the pro-democracy student movement and the related Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. They were the first married couple to win a Pulitzer for journalism. Kristof has also received the George Polk Award and an award from the Overseas Press Club for his reporting which focuses on human rights and environmental issues.

Kristof was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Commentary in 2004 and again in 2005 "for his powerful columns that portrayed suffering among the developing world's often forgotten people and stirred action." In 2006 Kristof won his second Pulitzer, the Pulitzer Prize for Commentary "for his graphic, deeply reported columns that, at personal risk, focused attention on genocide in Darfur and that gave voice to the voiceless in other parts of the world." Kristof was a finalist for a Pulitzer Prize again in 2012 and 2016; altogether, he has been a Pulitzer finalist seven times.

In 2008, Kristof received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.

In 2009, Kristof and WuDunn received the Dayton Literary Peace Prize's 2009 Lifetime Achievement Award. Together, they also received the 2009 World of Children Lifetime Achievement Award. He has also won the 2008 Anne Frank Award, the 2007 Fred Cuny Award for Prevention of Deadly Conflict, and the 2013 Advancing Global Health Award (from Seattle Biomed). Commentators have occasionally suggested Kristof for the Nobel Peace Prize, but when Media Web named Kristof its "print journalist of the year" in 2006 and asked him about that, it quoted him as saying: "I can't imagine it going to a scribbler like me. That's a total flight of fancy."

In 2011, Kristof was named one of seven "Top American Leaders" by the Harvard Kennedy School and The Washington Post. "His writing has reshaped the field of opinion journalism," The Washington Post explained in granting the award. That same year, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society. Earlier, in 2007, U.S. News & World Report named Kristof one of "America's Best Leaders."

In 2013, Kristof was awarded the Goldsmith Award for Career Excellence in Journalism by Harvard University. Alex Jones, the Pulitzer Prize-winning director of Harvard Kennedy School of Government's Shorenstein Center, declared in presenting the award that "the reporter who's done more than any other to change the world is Nick Kristof." In the same year, Kristof was named an International Freedom Conductor by the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, largely for his work exposing human trafficking and linking it to modern slavery. The last person named to receive the title, two years earlier, was the Dalai Lama.

In 2021, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences awarded Kristof and The New York Times opinion video team an Emmy award for their video, "Heartache in the Hot Zone: The Front Line Against Covid-19."

Books

Kristof has co-authored all his books with his wife WuDunn, include China Wakes: The Struggle for the Soul of a Rising Power (1994), Thunder from the East: Portrait of a Rising Asia (1999), Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide (Knopf, September 2009), A Path Appears: Transforming Lives, Creating Opportunity (2014) and Tightrope: Americans Reaching for Hope (Knopf, January 2020). A feature documentary for Tightrope was released in 2019. These were all bestsellers.

Kristof explained to Jane Wales of the World Affairs Council of Northern California that the idea for their book Half the Sky was sparked by the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. After covering the protests, which resulted in some 500 deaths, Kristof and WuDunn were shocked to learn that roughly 39,000 Chinese girls died each year because they were not given the same access to food and medical care as boys. WuDunn and Kristof did not find coverage of these deaths, although they were far more numerous than the casualties at Tiananmen Square. They decided to  dig deeper into questions of gender, Kristof said. Half the Sky covers topics such as sex trafficking and forced prostitution, contemporary slavery, gender-based violence, and rape as a weapon of war and method of justice, as it highlights the multitude of ways women are oppressed and violated in the world.

Half the Sky reached No. 1 on the best-seller lists. Carolyn See, an author and book critic of The Washington Post, said in her review:
"Half the Sky is a call to arms, a call for help, a call for contributions, but also a call for volunteers. It asks us to open our eyes to this enormous humanitarian issue. It does so with exquisitely crafted prose and sensationally interesting material. ... I really do think this is one of the most important books I have ever reviewed."

In Cleveland, a reviewer for The Plain Dealer said: "As Rachel Carson's "Silent Spring" once catalyzed us to save our birds and be better stewards of our earth, 'Half the Sky' stands to become a classic, spurring us to spare impoverished women these terrors, and elevate them to turn around the future of their nations." The Seattle Times review predicted that Half the Sky may "ignite a grass-roots revolution like the one that eliminated slavery."

Opinion and stances

Iraq War
Kristof was opposed to the Iraq War and grew further opposed as time went on. In a column published on January 28, 2003, he summarized his position by writing, "If we were confident that we could oust Saddam with minimal casualties and quickly establish a democratic Iraq, then that would be fine -- and such a happy scenario is conceivable. But it's a mistake to invade countries based on best-case scenarios." He continued, "Frankly, it seems a bad idea to sacrifice our troops' lives -- along with billions of dollars -- in a way that may add to our vulnerability."

Kristof was criticized at the time for reporting that Iraqis opposed an American invasion. Andrew Sullivan was among Kristof's critics but in 2018, on the 15th anniversary of the war, apologized to Kristof in a tweet.

In a column published on August 27, 2002, "Wimps on Iraq," he wrote "To us the existing Iraq debate seems largely beside the point; the real issue isn't whether we want to overthrow Saddam, but what price we would have to pay to get the job done." He concludes, after detailing five practical concerns about invading Iraq, "So if Mr. Bush were really addressing these concerns, weighing them and then concluding that on balance it's worth an invasion, I'd be reassured. But instead it looks as if the president, intoxicated by moral clarity, has decided that whatever the cost, whatever the risks, he will invade Iraq." In the same column, he wrote, "President Bush has convinced me that there is no philosophical reason we should not overthrow the Iraqi government, given that Iraqis themselves would be better off, along with the rest of the world. But Mr. Bush has not overcome some practical concerns about an invasion."

In the column "The Day After" in September 2002, Kristof wrote, "In one Shiite city after another, expect battles between rebels and army units, periodic calls for an Iranian-style theocracy, and perhaps a drift toward civil war. For the last few days, I've been traveling in these Shiite cities—Karbala, Najaf and Basra—and the tension in the bazaars is thicker than the dust behind the donkey carts. So before we rush into Iraq, we need to think through what we will do the morning after Saddam is toppled. Do we send in troops to try to seize the mortars and machine guns from the warring factions? Or do we run from civil war, and risk letting Iran cultivate its own puppet regime?"

On May 6, 2003, less than two months into the war, Kristof published the op-ed column "Missing in Action: Truth" in which he questioned whether the intelligence gathered by the Bush administration, which purportedly indicated that Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction, was either faked or manipulated. In this article, Kristof cited as his source a "former ambassador" who had traveled to Niger in early 2002 and reported to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the State Department that the uranium "allegations were unequivocally wrong and based on forged documents." Kristof added, "The envoy's debunking of the forgery was passed around the administration and seemed to be accepted—except that President Bush and the State Department kept citing it anyway."

Two months later, former Ambassador Joseph C. Wilson IV came forward publicly and published a now-famous op-ed in The New York Times, "What I Didn't Find in Africa." This set off a series of events which resulted in what become known as "Plamegate," the disclosure by the journalist Robert Novak of the until-then covert status as a CIA officer of Wilson's wife, Valerie Plame Wilson. A criminal investigation was launched as to the source of the leak, as a consequence of which I. Lewis ("Scooter") Libby, then-Chief of Staff to Vice President Dick Cheney, was indicted on obstruction of justice, false statement, and perjury charges and subsequently convicted and sentenced to 30 months in federal prison and a $250,000 fine though he never served time in prison because President Bush commuted his prison sentence. Kristof's May 6 article was mentioned in the federal indictment of Libby as a key point in time and a contributing factor that caused Libby to inquire about the identity of the "envoy" and later to divulge the secret identity of his wife to reporters.

"Grand bargain" with Iran
Kristof published several articles criticizing the missed opportunity of the "grand bargain," a proposal by Iran to normalize relations with the United States, implement procedures to assure the US it will not develop nuclear weapons, deny any monetary support to Palestinian resistance groups until they agree to stop targeting civilians, support the Arab Peace Initiative, and ensure full transparency to assuage any US concerns. In return, the Iranians demanded abolition of sanctions and a US statement that Iran does not belong in the so-called "Axis of Evil." In his columns, Kristof revealed the documents detailing the "grand bargain" proposal and argued that it was killed by hardliners in the Bush administration.

According to Kristof, that was an "appalling mistake" since "the Iranian proposal was promising and certainly should have been followed up. It seems diplomatic mismanagement of the highest order for the Bush administration to have rejected that process out of hand, and now to be instead beating the drums of war and considering air strikes on Iranian nuclear sites." Kristof further believes that even if the grand bargain is not currently feasible, there is still an option for what he calls a "mini-bargain," a more modest proposal for normalizing American-Iranian relations.

Anthrax attacks columns
On October 12, 2001, Times reporter Judith Miller became one of several victims of alleged anthrax attacks. The book Germs: Biological Weapons and America's Secret War, which Miller had co-written with two other Times staffers, had been published ten days earlier on October 2. It became a top New York Times bestseller a few weeks later. Its cover art depicted a white envelope like those used in the anthrax incidents. The text, written before the September 11 attacks, made reference to jihadist terrorists.

In 2002, Kristof wrote a series of columns indirectly suggesting that Steven Hatfill, a former U.S. Army germ-warfare researcher named as a "person of interest" by the FBI might be a "likely culprit" in the anthrax attacks. Hatfill was never charged with any crime. In July 2004, Hatfill sued the Times and Kristof for libel, claiming defamation and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Subsequently, Hatfill voluntarily dismissed Kristof as a defendant in the case when it became clear that the U.S. District Court in Alexandria, Virginia, lacked personal jurisdiction over Kristof. The suit continued against the Times itself but was dismissed in 2004 on the basis that allegations within Kristof's articles did not constitute defamation though they appeared untrue.

The appeals court reversed the lower court ruling in 2005, reinstating Hatfill's suit against the Times. In January 2007, Presiding Judge Claude M. Hilton again dismissed the suit and ruled that Kristof's anthrax articles were "cautiously worded" and asserted that the scientist may perhaps be innocent. Judge Hilton wrote that Kristof "made efforts to avoid implicating his guilt" and that "Mr. Kristof reminded readers to assume plaintiff's innocence." Kristof praised the dismissal of the suit, commenting that he was "really pleased that the judge recognized the importance of this kind of reporting" and that it was "terrific to have a judgment that protects journalism at a time when the press has had a fair number of rulings against it." After the case was dismissed in 2007, the dismissal was upheld by the Appeals Court. In 2008, the case was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which refused to grant certiorari in the case and effectively left the Appeals Court decision in place. The basis for the dismissal was that Hatfill was a "public figure" and had not proved malice on the part of the Times.

Sudan and Darfur
Kristof is particularly well known for his reporting on Sudan. At the beginning of 2004, he was among the first reporters to visit Darfur and describe "the most vicious ethnic cleansing you've never heard of." He recounted what he called "a campaign of murder, rape and pillage by Sudan" and was among the first to call it genocide. His biography says that he has made 11 trips to the region, some illegally by sneaking in from Chad, and on at least one occasion, he was detained at a checkpoint when the authorities seized his interpreter and Kristof refused to leave him behind.

Kristof's reporting from Sudan has been both praised and criticized. Robert DeVecchi, past president of the International Rescue Committee, told the Council on Foreign Relations: "Nicholas Kristof... had an unprecedented impact in single-handedly mobilizing world attention to this crisis. There are undoubtedly hundreds of thousands of refugees in and from the Darfur region who owe their very lives to this formidable humanitarian and journalist." New York Magazine said that Kristof "single-handedly focused the world's attention on Darfur," and the Save Darfur Coalition said that "he is the person most responsible for getting this issue into America's consciousness and the resulting efforts to resolve it." Samantha Power, the author of A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide, the Pulitzer Prize-winning book on genocide, told an American Jewish World Service audience that Kristof was probably the person the Janjaweed militia in Darfur most wanted to kill. In June 2008, the actress Mia Farrow spoke as Kristof was honored with the Anne Frank Award by declaring: "Nick Kristof was one of the first to publicly insist that the words Never Again mean something for the people of Darfur. For his courage and his conviction in telling tell searing truths, he is the voice of our collective conscience, demanding we bear witness to the first genocide of the 21st century and encouraging us not to sit by while innocents die. Every once in a great while a moral giant appears among us. Nicholas Kristof is that person." For his coverage of Darfur, Ann Curry of NBC suggested that Kristof was "the modern journalist who showed courage and leadership comparable to the great Edward R. Murrow."

On the other hand, some commentators have criticized Kristof for focusing on atrocities by Arab militias in Darfur and downplaying atrocities by non-Arab militias. A book by Mahmood Mamdani of Columbia University, "Saviors and Survivors," criticized Kristof's reporting for oversimplifying a complex historically-rooted conflict and packaging it as "genocide." Others, including some critical of Sudan, have sometimes made similar arguments. The Sudanese government has also objected that Kristof's reporting exaggerates the scale of suffering and ignores the nuances of tribal conflicts in Darfur. The Sudan government and pro-government news media criticized him in March 2012 for sneaking into Sudan's Nuba Mountains region without a visa to report on hunger and bombings there by saying that his illegal entry was "shameful and improper."

Criticism of anti-sweatshop movement
Nicholas Kristof argues that sweatshops are, if not a good thing, defensible as a way for workers to improve their lives and for impoverished countries to transform themselves into industrial economies. In his argument, sweatshops are an unpleasant but necessary stage in industrial development. Kristof is critical of the way "well-meaning American university students regularly campaign against sweatshops", particularly the anti-sweatshop movement's strategy of encouraging consumer boycotts against sweatshop-produced imports. Kristof and WuDunn counter that the sweatshop model is a primary reason that Taiwan and South Korea, which accepted sweatshops as the price of development, are today modern countries with low rates of infant mortality and high levels of education, but India, which has generally resisted sweatshops, suffers from a high rate of infant mortality. Kristof and WuDunn admit that sweatshop labor is grueling and dangerous but argue that it is an improvement over most alternatives in extremely poor countries by providing much-needed jobs and boosting economies. They caution that anti-sweatshop boycott campaigns could lead to the closing down of manufacturing and processing plants in places like Africa, where they are needed most. "This is not to praise sweatshops," they admit:

Some managers are brutal in the way they house workers in firetraps, expose children to dangerous chemicals, deny bathroom breaks, demand sexual favors, force people to work double shifts or dismiss anyone who tries to organize a union. Agitation for improved safety conditions can be helpful, just as it was in 19th-century Europe. But Asian workers would be aghast at the idea of American consumers boycotting certain toys or clothing in protest. The simplest way to help the poorest Asians would be to buy more from sweatshops, not less.

Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Kristof supports Israeli and US negotiation with Hamas as a means to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. He criticizes Israel for what he views as collective punishment of Gazans and holds that the lack of negotiations only strengthens extremists. He also advocates removing Israeli settlements from Hebron since "the financial cost is mind-boggling, and the diplomatic cost is greater." Kristof contrasts "two Israels": an oppressive security state in the Palestinian territories and a "paragon of justice, decency, fairness – and peace," in the work of Israeli human rights activists, journalists, and jurists.

Libya
During the 2011 Libyan civil war, Kristof remarked that the US should create a no-fly zone and also use military aircraft to jam Libyan state communications: "let's remember the risks of inaction – and not psych ourselves out. For crying out loud!"

US government
In a column published in The New York Times on June 15, 2011, Kristof argued that the US military was a prime example of how a comprehensive social safety net, universal health care, a commitment to public service, low income disparity, and structured planning could be made to work within an organization. He then suggested that the military could serve as a model for improving American society along those lines. That brought criticism from several other commentators, who argued that the military is effective at what it does only by severely limiting the freedom of its members. Jonah Goldberg argued, "You've got to love how a system that requires total loyalty, curbs free speech, free association, freedom of movement, etc., is now either 'lefty' or 'liberal' because it gives 'free' healthcare and daycare," and he hinted that the ideas in Kristof's column resembled fascism. David French added, "If you want to see the military do what it does best, then ride out on a mission with an armored cavalry squadron. If you want to see the military struggle to do its job well, then I suggest you spend some time with its social services."

Education reform
In a 2021 New York Times essay, Kristof wrote that he favors education reform more than teachers' unions do. He wishes that unions would push more for higher pay and less for job security for weak teachers. He suggests that unions sometimes encourage teachers to accept low wages in return for job security. Instead, Kristof advocates that teachers give up some protections in exchange for receiving much higher average starting salaries. He says that despite his disagreements with unions on some issues, "I roll my eyes" at what he calls a conservative narrative that unions are the fundamental problem in K-12 education. States with the best schools, like Massachusetts, have strong teachers' unions, while those with the worst education outcomes, like South Carolina, have weak or non-existent unions, he wrote.

Flame retardants and chemical reform
Kristof has written several articles on the controversial use of flame retardants in furniture, most recently in the November 2013 piece "Danger Lurks in that Mickey Mouse Couch." Kristof argues that legislative mandates of flame retardants in furniture are a result of powerfully-influential lobbyists representing the chemical industry. He claims that flame retardants are ineffective in saving lives but pose an increasingly evident public health risk to both families and firefighters. In his words, "These flame retardants represent a dizzying corporate scandal. It's a story of corporate greed, deceit and skulduggery."

In 2012, Kristof went as far as to write that flame retardants in furniture are "a case study of everything that is wrong with money politics." He concluded the article "Are You Safe On That Sofa?" by arguing that the United States needs not only safer couches but also a political system less distorted by what he calls "toxic money."

Kristof's stances on flame retardants have come under fire from the chemical industry, which calls his opeds "overdramatic" and "misleading."

Child pornography and nonconsensual pornography
On December 4, 2020, Kristof published a lengthy look at the website Pornhub and at its parent company, MindGeek. Kristof examined how Pornhub routinely has pornographic content on its site involving minors, and he wrote about how Pornhub's reviewers often have to make judgment calls on whether the user-submitted pornographic videos feature underage performers and whether the videos depict individuals engaging in nonconsensual sex. Kristof's article included interviews with underage victims who have appeared in videos on Pornhub that were submitted by people who filmed them, in some cases while being raped, and he reported that several such victims had attempted suicide. Pornhub denied Kristof's claims by calling them "irresponsible and flagrantly untrue." Kristof implored leaders of Canada, where MindGeek is based, to consider why Canada hosts a website that profits off videos featuring rape and children. In response, Canada Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on December 4 told reporters outside his residence, "We are always extremely concerned with gender-based violence, with exploitation of minors, with child pornography."

After MasterCard, Visa, and Discover banned payments to MindGeek-owned sites based on Kristof's report, several commentators argued that Kristof's solution impacted the many legal consensual sex workers who rely on MindGeek sites for income. Sex Workers Outreach Project USA provided a statement on December 11, 2020 that asserted that "the damage they do does not impact the labor as much as it affects the laborers who depend on the Pornhub platform to earn a living. Because of this decision, based on fiction and conflated reports regarding the presence of minors being assaulted on its platform, many sex workers will be forced even further into the margins." Sarah T. Roberts described the campaign targeting Pornhub as "strangely punitive and uniquely puritanical in an American way."

In a follow-up article on April 16, 2021, "Why Do We Let Corporations Profit From Rape Videos," Kristof provided an update and shared the story of a woman in Alberta who had been drugged and raped by her ex-husband, who later posted a video of the assault on Pornhub. The video was viewed by more than 200,000 people, and in her interview with Kristof, the woman shared she had attempted suicide. "How do you get your head around 200,000 guys masturbating as you're being assaulted?" she said.

Kristof also addressed some of the concerns raised by pro-sex work activists that he was anti-pornography. He remarked that "a starting point is to recognize that the issue is not pornography but child abuse and exploitation. We can be sex positive and exploitation negative."

Political party
Kristof is a self-described progressive and a registered member of the Democratic Party. In 1974, a front-page article in the News-Register (McMinnville, Oregon) reported on Kristof's activism in Democratic politics throughout high school with the headline "Nicholas Gets into Politics Early." He has attributed many of his progressive views to his mother, Jane Kristof, who formerly served as treasurer of the Yamhill County Democratic Central Committee and currently serves as both her precinct committee-person and the coordinator of the Yamhill County Democratic Think Tank. In 2011, President Barack Obama hosted Kristof and his wife, Sheryl WuDunn, at the State Dinner for Hu Jintao.

Win-a-Trip with Nick Kristof contest
In 2006, The New York Times launched the Win a Trip with Nick Kristof contest, offering a college student the opportunity to win a reporting trip to Africa with Kristof by submitting essays outlining what they intend to accomplish in such a trip. From among 3,800 students who submitted entries, Kristof chose Casey Parks of Jackson, Mississippi. In September 2006, Kristof and Parks traveled to Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, and the Central African Republic and reported on AIDS, poverty, and maternal mortality. During the trip, Kristof published his New York Times columns while Parks wrote about her observations in her blog.

The success of this partnership prompted the Times to hold the Second Annual Win A Trip with Nick Kristof contest in 2007. Leana Wen, a medical student at Washington University in St. Louis, and Will Okun, a teacher at Westside Alternative High School in Chicago, were the winners of the 2007 competition. During summer 2007, they traveled with Kristof to Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern Congo. Filmmaker Eric Daniel Metzgar joined Kristof, Wen and Okun on their trip. The resulting film, Reporter, premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and aired on HBO in February 2010. In reviewing the film, which was executive produced by Ben Affleck, Entertainment Weekly wrote: "In Reporter, he's a compelling figure, a cross between Mother Teresa and the James Woods character in Salvador, and what seals the intensity of his job is the danger." The Washington Post observed, "Ideally, [Kristof] hopes to teach his companions, who won a contest to travel with him, about the value of witnessing the world's atrocities and scintillating  them into stories that will call on people to act. Which is what Kristof did with his work in Darfur, Sudan: He caused people – from George Clooney on down – to do whatever they can."

Since 2010, the Center for Global Development has screened applicants for the contest, forwarding Kristof a short list of finalists for his selection.
In March 2018 Kristof traveled again to the Central African Republic accompanied by Tyler Pager, the former editor of The Daily Northwestern and the winner of that year's contest. The co-director of Columbia University's Human Rights Institute, Sarah Knuckey, described Kristof's reporting of the Central African Republic resulting from this trip as "shallow" and "reckless".

Personal life
Kristof married Sheryl WuDunn, a third-generation Chinese American, in 1988. They have three children. In 2018, Kristof and his wife began converting his family's cherry orchard in Yamhill, Oregon, to a cider apple orchard and vineyard. , Kristof resides in Scarsdale, New York.

See also
 List of people from Oregon

Bibliography

References

External links

 Nicholas Kristof at The New York Times
 Kristof archive and author page from The New York Review of Books
 Interview with Kristof for Guernicamag.com

Kristof family farm website

1959 births
20th-century American journalists
21st-century American journalists
Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
American Rhodes Scholars
American bloggers
American feminist writers
American male bloggers
American newspaper reporters and correspondents
American people of Armenian descent
American people of Polish descent
American people of Romanian descent
George Polk Award recipients
Harvard College alumni
Living people
Male feminists
Members of the American Philosophical Society
New York (state) Democrats
Oregon Democrats
People from Scarsdale, New York
People from Yamhill, Oregon
Pulitzer Prize for Commentary winners
Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting winners
The Harvard Crimson people
The New York Times Pulitzer Prize winners
The New York Times columnists
Writers from Oregon

Nicholas Kristof


An Aechmea pyramidalis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni George Bentham. An Aechmea pyramidalis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Aechmea, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Aechmea

Aechmea pyramidalis


Joseph Walter Jackson (26 Temmuz 1928; Fountain Hill, Arkansas - 27 Haziran 2018), Amerikalı müzisyen. Janet Jackson ve Michael Jackson'da dahil olmak üzere 11 çocuğu, 28 tane de torunu vardır. Oğlu Michael'in dansa ve müziğe olan ilgisini görünce Joseph Jackson onu bu konularda yetiştirdi.

Hayatı
Joseph Walter Jackson, Fountain Hill, Arkansas'ta 26 Temmuz 1928'de doğdu. Katherine Jackson'ın My Family, The Jacksons adlı kitabına göre, doğum yılı 1929'du.

Jackson, Arkansas'da geçirdiği çocukluğunun ardından Joseph'in Anne ve babası Joseph on iki yaşındayken boşandı, Joseph babasıyla Oakland, California'ya taşındı. Joseph 18 yaşındayken babası yeniden evlendi ardından Joseph annesi, iki erkek kardeşi ve kız kardeşinin evine taşındı. Profesyonel bir boks kariyerine hazırlanırken 17 yaşındaki Katherine Scruse ile tanıştı. Tanıştıkları sırada Joseph başka bir kadınla evliydi, ancak Katherine ile ilişkiye başlamadan bir yıldan daha kısa bir süre içinde boşandı. 1949 yılında evlenen çiftin 10 çocuğu olmuştur.

Katherine Jackson, Kocası Joseph'e Mart 1973'te boşanma davası açtı fakat sonrasında davayı geri çekti. Ağustos 1974'te Joseph ve Cheryl Terrell'in kızı Joh'Vonnie Jackson doğdu. Katherine 1982'de tekrar boşanma davası açtı, fakat yine davayı yeniden geri çekti. Ağustos 2010'da Çiftin 60 yıllık evliliklerinin ardından boşanmaya karar verdikleri iddia edildi. Fakat Çift Joseph'in 2018'deki ölümüne kadar yasal olarak evli kaldı.

Çocukları

 Kızı Rebbie Jackson, (d. 29 Mayıs 1950)
 Oğlu Jackie Jackson, (d. 4 Mayıs 1951)
 Oğlu Tito Jackson, (d. 15 Ekim 1953)
 Oğlu Jermaine Jackson, (d. 11 Aralık 1954)
 Kızı La Toya Jackson, (d. 29 Mayıs 1956)
 Oğlu Marlon Jackson, (d. 12 Mart 1957)
 Oğlu Brandon Jackson, (12 Mart 1957 - 1957) - (Marlon'un ikizidir. Doğduktan kısa bir süre sonra ölmüştür.)
 Oğlu Michael Jackson, (29 Ağustos 1958 - 25 Haziran 2009)
 Oğlu Randy Jackson, (d. 29 Ekim 1961)
 Kızı Janet Jackson, (d. 16 Mayıs 1966)
Kızı JohVonnie Jackson (d. 30 Ağustos 1974)

Ölümü
22 Haziran 2018'de TMZ, Jackson'ın pankreas kanserinin son aşamasında olduğunu ve Las Vegas'ta hastaneye kaldırıldığını bildirdi.

27 Haziran sabahı, oğlu Michael'ın dokuzuncu ölüm yıldönümünden iki gün sonra ve 90. doğum gününe bir aydan kısa bir süre kala Las Vegas'ta bir ölümcül hasta bakım evinde öldü. 2 Temmuz 2018 Pazartesi günü Jackson, Los Angeles, Forest Lawn'a defnedildi.

Kaynakça

1928 doğumlular
Arkansas doğumlu şarkıcılar
2018 yılında ölenler
Amerikalı erkek şarkıcılar
Afrikalı Amerikalı besteciler
Afrikalı Amerikalı şarkıcı-şarkı yazarları
Jackson ailesi
20. yüzyılda Amerikalı gitaristler
Amerikalı otobiyograflar
Amerikalı blues gitaristleri
Amerikalı erkek gitaristler
Kızılderili asıllı Amerikalılar
Amerikalı rhythm and blues gitaristleri
Nevada'da kanserden ölenler
Pankreas kanserinden ölenler
Amerikalı müzik yöneticileri
Afrikalı Amerikalı müzik yapımcıları

Joseph Jackson


Alon Stein (; * 4. Januar 1978 in Chadera, Israel) ist ein ehemaliger israelischer Basketballspieler, der zudem seit dem Jahr 2000 die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft besitzt. Stein spielte mehrere Spielzeiten in den beiden obersten Ligen Israels, Deutschlands und der Schweiz. 2011 kehrte er zunächst als Ergänzungsspieler im Kader zum israelischen Serienmeister Maccabi Tel Aviv zurück, der auch in Europa eine Führungsrolle einnimmt und für deren Jugendmannschaften Stein zuvor bereits aktiv gewesen war. Seit der Saison 2013/14 ersetzte er Derrick Sharp als Trainerassistent im Trainerstab der erfolgreichen Herrenmannschaft.

Karriere
Stein galt in seiner Jugend als großes Talent und konnte in einem Endspiel der israelischen Jugendmeisterschaften als 14-Jähriger 60 Punkte erzielen. Als 17-Jähriger wechselte er aus den Jugendmannschaften von Maccabi Tel Aviv zu Hapoel Galil Elyon ins nordisraelische Kfar Blum, wo er von dem aus den USA stammenden Trainer David Blatt trainiert wurde. Nach zwei Jahren stagnierte seine Leistungen und als Trainer Blatt zu Maccabi Tel Aviv wechselte, wurde Stein in der Spielzeit 1999/2000 schließlich an den israelischen Erstliga-Aufsteiger Maccabi aus Kirjat Motzkin ausgeliehen. Die Mannschaft stieg jedoch nach einer Spielzeit wieder ab und Stein kehrte zunächst zu Hapoel Galil Elyon zurück. Nachdem er unter dem neuen Trainer von Hapoel jedoch kaum Spielzeit bekam, wechselte er zu Hapoel aus Tel Aviv in die zweite nationale Liga, mit denen er am Ende der Spielzeit 2001/02 die Rückkehr in die erste Liga erreichte.

Für die Spielzeit 2002/03 wechselte Stein trotz laufenden Vertrages bei Hapoel nach Deutschland, wo er sich dem damaligen Zweitligisten ratiopharm Ulm anschloss. Hier konnte er seine persönlichen Leistungen wieder steigern und erzielte gut 17 Punkte und 4 Assists pro Spiel. Die Erstliga-Rückkehr der Ulmer wurde jedoch verpasst und Stein, der wieder nach höheren Aufgaben suchte, verließ den Verein. In der Spielzeit 2003/04 bekam er dann einen Vertrag beim Schweizer Erstligisten Geneva Devils. Für die Spielzeit 2004/05 kehrte er in die deutsche 2. Liga zurück und spielte diesmal für die Eisbären aus Bremerhaven in der Gruppe Nord. Nach nur einer Saisonniederlage stieg man die erste Basketball-Bundesliga auf. Nachdem er in der zweiten Liga in knapp 34 Minuten Einsatzzeit pro Spiel gut 14 Punkte und 7 Assists im Durchschnitt beisteuern konnte, fielen seine Spielanteile in der ersten Liga auf 12 Minuten pro Spiel zurück. Nachdem der Aufsteiger als starker Hauptrundenvierter in der Spielzeit 2005/06 bis ins Play-off-Halbfinale eingezogen war, wo man dem Hauptrundenersten und späterem Vizemeister Alba Berlin unterlag, verließ Stein den Verein und spielte in der Spielzeit 2006/07 erneut bei den Devils aus Genf in der Schweiz. In der darauffolgenden Spielzeit 2007/08 war er noch kurz unter dem späteren israelischen Nationalmannschaftstrainer Arik Shivek aktiv beim späteren Meister ABC aus Amsterdam in der niederländischen FEB aktiv. Hier konnte er sich nicht durchsetzen und kehrte in sein Heimatland zurück.

Noch während der Spielzeit 2007/08 schloss sich Stein Hapoel aus dem Kibbuz Be'eri am Rande des Gazastreifens in der zweiten israelischen Liga an. Die Saison endete auf einem Abstiegsplatz und die Klasse konnte nur durch den Rückzug anderer Mannschaften gehalten werden. Stein wechselte jedoch zum Ligakonkurrenten Elitzur aus Jawne für die Spielzeit 2008/09. 2010 kehrte er noch einmal in die Schweiz zurück und spielte für die Tigers aus Lugano, die in diesem Jahr Schweizer Meister wurden. Doch eine Vertragsverlängerung zerschlug sich und ohne Vertrag wurde er während der Saison 2010/11 als Trainingsspieler von seinem ehemaligen Trainer David Blatt für die europäische Spitzenmannschaft Maccabi Tel Aviv eingeladen. Zur darauffolgenden Spielzeit 2011/12 bekam er dann schließlich sogar einen Vertrag bei Maccabi, um als Ergänzungsspieler bei nationalen Meisterschaftsspielen eingesetzt zu werden. Als Maccabi-Spielerikone Derrick Sharp als Trainerassistent ausschied und in sein Heimatland zurückkehrte, rückte Stein zur Saison 2013/14 in den Trainerstab der ersten Mannschaft auf. Nach der Titelverteidigung im nationalen Pokalwettbewerb gewann man überraschend die EuroLeague 2013/14.

Weblinks
 BSL | Alon Stein – Spielerprofil auf den Webseiten der "Israeli Basketball Super League" (englisch)
 Alon Stein – Profil auf den Webseiten von FIBA Europa, Stand 2008 (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Basketballspieler (Israel)
Basketballspieler (Ratiopharm Ulm)
Deutscher
Israeli
Geboren 1978
Mann
Schweizer Meister (Basketball)
Basketballspieler (Lugano Tigers)
Basketballspieler (Maccabi Tel Aviv)
Basketballspieler (Hapoel Tel Aviv)
Basketballspieler (Maccabi Kirjat Motzkin)
Basketballspieler (Hapoel Gilboa Galil)
Basketballspieler (ABC Amsterdam)

Alon Stein


Svijet

Natjecanja

Svjetska natjecanja
 Od 12. do 27. listopada – XIX. Olimpijske igre – Ciudad de México 1968.

Kontinentska natjecanja

Europska natjecanja
 Od 17. do 21. lipnja – Europsko prvenstvo u nogometu u Italiji: prvak Italija

Osnivanja
 Fortuna Sittard, nizozemski nogometni klub

Rekordi

Nagrade

Ostali događaji

Rođenja

Smrti

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Natjecanja

Timski športovi

Pojedinačni športovi
 Održan zadnji Jadranski rally.
 Održan prvi Istarski rally.

Osnivanja
 Zlatna pirueta

Rekordi

Nagrade

Ostali događaji

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Šport u 1968.