The Schmidt–Rubin rifles were a series of Swiss Army service rifles in use between 1889 and 1958. They are distinguished by the straight-pull bolt action invented by Rudolf Schmidt and use Eduard Rubin's 7.5×55mm Schmidt–Rubin rifle cartridge.

Models

Schmidt–Rubin 1889

The Model 1889 was the first in the series of Schmidt–Rubin rifles that served Switzerland from 1889 to 1958. The rifle takes its name from the designer of its action, Colonel Rudolf Schmidt, and the designer of its ammunition, Colonel Eduard Rubin. Production of the rifle began in 1891. The straight-pull bolt action allows the user to pull the bolt straight back to unlock the action, cock the striker, extract, and eject the spent cartridge in one motion, and then push the bolt forward to chamber a round and lock the action. This is as opposed to a traditional bolt action, which requires the user to lift the bolt handle to unlock the action before pulling the bolt back. The rifle is roughly musket length with a free-floating barrel, 12-round magazine, and wood stock that extends almost to the tip of the barrel. The Schmidt–Rubin 1889 was an advanced weapon for its time, and one of the first rifles to use copper-jacketed ammunition as its standard ammunition.  Most of the bullets used in Europe at the time, except for the Mle 1886 Lebel rifle metal-jacketed 8mm bullet, were around .45 caliber, as opposed to the revolutionary .308 caliber of the GP90 7.5×53.5mm round designed by Col. Rubin in 1882. The round was "paper patched": the bullet was surrounded by a piece of paper, much like the cotton patches placed around a musket ball, which was supposed to aid in the lubrication of the bullet. In 1923, long after the discontinuation of the Model 1889, the GP90/23 7.5×54.5mm round was produced without the paper patching. The Model 1889 was eventually replaced by its successor models, including the Model 1896, Model 96/11, Model 1911, Model 1911 carbine, and the famous K-31.

Schmidt-Rubin model 1889/96
The Schmidt–Rubin Model 1889/96 was the replacement for the 1889. The biggest change was moving the locking lugs from the rear to the front of the bolt sleeve, allowing the receiver to be slightly shortened. The change also allowed the bolt and receiver to handle more pressure. Colonel Schmidt was asked to do this for the model 1889, but refused, saying that it was not possible. Colonel Vogelsgang and his assistant Rebholz worked out the details, which were not complex but required time to retool. The rifle system was adopted in 1896. When the cartridge was modified in 1911 to increase the velocity of the bullet, the 1896 bolt system was used.  Almost all the model 89/96 rifles were converted to 96/11; only a few remain in the original configuration, most of them private series rifles rather than military issue.

Schmidt-Rubin Model 1897 cadet rifle
The Schmidt–Rubin Model 1897 cadet rifle was intended as a replacement for the earlier Vetterli rifles. The Model 97 rifles were single-shot, using the bolt mechanism of the Schmidt–Rubin Model 89/96 rifle. It was to use a reduced-power GP90 7.5×53.5mm cartridge, for  cadets. The rifles' sights were graduated both for the light and the standard loads. Approximately 7,900 cadet rifles were made.

Model 1899/1900 short rifle
The model 1899/1900 short rifle was an answer to a call for a short rifle that would replace the unpopular Model 1893 Manlicher straight pull action carbine. The 99/00 short rifle was meant to be used by artillery and other rear-echelon troops. Design began in February 1900, and production began in 1901 and lasted for 10 years (18,750 were made). It was issued to fortress troops, artillerymen, bicycle troops, and balloon companies. The model 99/00 short rifle can be fitted with Model 1889/92 bayonet and the Model 1906 bayonet. Most of the 99/00 and later 1905 short rifles were converted to model K11 carbines when the GP11 cartridge was adopted; very few unconverted rifles remain.

Schmidt-Rubin 1896/11 rifle
The Schmidt–Rubin 1896/11 rifle, or the Model 96/11, was a Swiss upgrade to the 89/96 rifles they had, to use the more powerful cartridge adopted as the GP11. The GP11 cartridge operated at a higher chamber pressure, which the 89/96 action could easily handle. The model 89/96 rifles were modernized by changing the three-groove rifled barrel to a new 4-groove type, adding a pistol grip to the stock, changing the magazine to the 6-round type used in the 1900 short rifle, and modernizing the sights. This also streamlined the appearance of the rifles. Because more rifles were needed than were available, the model 1911 rifle, with slight changes, was put into production. Almost all of the 127,000-plus model 89/96 rifles were converted to the 96/11 specifications.

Model 1911 rifle

An improvement over the original 1889 version of the Schmidt–Rubin rifle, the Swiss M1911 placed the locking lugs in the middle of the bolt, rather than at the rear, strengthening the action and allowing a more powerful cartridge, the Gewehrpatrone 11 or GP 11 to be used. It is distinguished from the 96/11 rifle by a curved buttplate and by a stock with an integral semi-pistol grip.  It uses a graduated tangent sight which begins at 300 meters.  The 1911 and 96/11 rifles were made with excellent craftsmanship, and were exceptionally accurate.  As Switzerland remained neutral through both world wars, remaining rifles are typically in far better condition than other European rifles of the time.

Model 1911 carbine ("K11")
Support troops, cavalry, and certain other units required a shorter rifle, so the Swiss designed the Model 1911 carbine, smaller and lighter than the rifle, and still very accurate. It became a favorite of the Swiss Army, and its popularity contributed to the design of its successor the K31. Production of the K11 carbine included conversion of the model 1900 and 1905 short rifles to the newer specifications; the earlier short rifles are rarely found in their original state. The K11 rifle and carbine were the last of the Vogelsgang/Rebholz weapons produced.

Other models
Other models include:

 K31 carbine, a significant later development
 Model 1905 carbine
 ZfK31/42 and /43
Z fK55 sniper rifle

References

External links

7.5×55mm Swiss firearms
Early rifles
Rifles of Switzerland
Straight-pull rifles

Schmidt–Rubin


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Veľká Ves enthält das eine nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützte Objekt in der Gemeinde Veľká Ves im Okres Poltár.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Velka Ves


Onthophagus vanderblomi é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Krikken & Huijbregts em 2008.

Referências

Ligações externas

vanderblomi
Coleópteros descritos em 2008

Onthophagus vanderblomi


Gözlerimi Kaparım, Vazifemi Yaparım, Haldun Taner'in 1964 yılında yazdığı iki perdelik tiyatro oyunu. Oyun, II. Meşrutiyet'ten 1960'ların sonuna kadarlık bir zaman diliminde Türkiye yakın tarihinde gerçekleşen toplumsal değişimleri Vicdani ve Efruz adlı iki karakterin yaşam hikâyeleri aracılığıyla anlatır.

Oyun, ilk kez 1964-1965 tiyatro sezonunda İstanbul Küçük Sahne'de Ulvi Uraz Tiyatrosu tarafından Ulvi Uraz yönetmenliğinde sahnelendi. Biçim ve teknik açısından geleneksel Türk seyirlik oyunlarından esinlenmiş olan oyunun ilk sahnelenişinden 10 yıl sonra Taner, tarihsel-toplumsal değişiklikler bağlamında yapıtını bir kez daha gözden geçirdi ve oyuna 12 Mart dönemini de kapsayacak tablolar ekledi.

Konusu
İki çocukluk arkadaşı olan baş karakterlerden  Vicdani, saf, iyi niyetli, dürüst ve uysal bir kişidir. Efruz ise köşe dönücü, iş bitirici, fırsatçı biridir. Oyunda, bu karakterler üzerinden devleti sömürenler ve devlete itaat edenler arasındaki dengesizlik anlatılır.

Sahnelemesi
Türk tiyatrosunun en fazla sahnelenen eserlerindendir. Oyun, ilk kez 1964-1965 tiyatro sezonunda İstanbul Küçük Sahne'de Ulvi Uraz Tiyatrosu tarafından Ulvi Uraz yönetmenliğinde sahnelendi.  1978 yılında Devlet Tiyatroları'nın repertuvarına girdi ve otuz yıl boyunca Trabzon, Adana, Bursa, Diyarbakır, Erzurum, Ankara, Antalya Devlet tiyatroları tarafından sahnelendi. Ali Poyrazoğu Tiyatrosu,  İstanbul Şehir Tiyatroları oyunu sahneleyen tiyatro topluluklarındandır.

Kaynakça

Haldun Taner oyunları
1964 tiyatro oyunları
Devekuşu Kabare
Türkçe tiyatro oyunları
Komedi oyunları

Gözlerimi Kaparım, Vazifemi Yaparım


Mudflats or mud flats, also known as tidal flats or, in Ireland, slob or slobs, are coastal wetlands that form in intertidal areas where sediments have been deposited by tides or rivers. A global analysis published in 2019 suggested that tidal flat ecosystems are as extensive globally as mangroves, covering at least  of the Earth's surface. They are found in sheltered areas such as bays, bayous, lagoons, and estuaries; they are also seen in freshwater lakes and salty lakes (or inland seas) alike, wherein many rivers and creeks end. Mudflats may be viewed geologically as exposed layers of bay mud, resulting from deposition of estuarine silts, clays and aquatic animal detritus. Most of the sediment within a mudflat is within the intertidal zone, and thus the flat is submerged and exposed approximately twice daily.

A recent global remote sensing analysis estimated that approximately 50% of the global extent of tidal flats occurs within eight countries (Indonesia, China, Australia, United States, Canada, India, Brazil, and Myanmar) and that 44% of the world's tidal flats occur within Asia (). A 2022 analysis of tidal wetland losses and gains estimates that global tidal flats experienced losses of  between 1999 and 2019, which were largely offset by global gains of  over the same time period.

In the past tidal flats were considered unhealthy, economically unimportant areas and were often dredged and developed into agricultural land. Some mudflats can be extremely treacherous to walk on. For example, the mudflats surrounding Anchorage, Alaska, are made from fine glacial-silt which does not easily separate out its water, and, although seemingly solid, can quickly gel and become like quicksand when disturbed by stepping on it. Four people are known to have become stuck up to their waists and drowned when the tide came in, and many others are rescued from the Anchorage mudflats each year.

On the Baltic Sea coast of Germany in places, mudflats are exposed not by tidal action, but by wind-action driving water away from the shallows into the sea. This kind of wind-affected mudflat is called Windwatt in German.

Ecology

Tidal flats, along with intertidal salt marshes and mangrove forests, are important ecosystems. They usually support a large population of wildlife, and are a key habitat that allows tens of millions of migratory shorebirds to migrate from breeding sites in the northern hemisphere to non-breeding areas in the southern hemisphere. They are often of vital importance to migratory birds, as well as certain species of crabs, mollusks and fish. In the United Kingdom mudflats have been classified as a Biodiversity Action Plan priority habitat.

The maintenance of mudflats is important in preventing coastal erosion. However, mudflats worldwide are under threat from predicted sea level rises, land claims for development, dredging due to shipping purposes, and chemical pollution. In some parts of the world, such as East and South-East Asia, mudflats have been reclaimed for aquaculture, agriculture, and industrial development. For example, around the Yellow Sea region of East Asia, more than 65% of mudflats present in the early 1950s had been destroyed by the late 2000s. It is estimated that up to 16% of the world tidal flats have disappeared since the mid-1980s.

Mudflat sediment deposits are focused into the intertidal zone which is composed of a barren zone and marshes. Within these areas are various ratios of sand and mud that make up the sedimentary layers.  The associated growth of coastal sediment deposits can be attributed to rates of subsidence along with rates of deposition (example: silt transported via river) and changes in sea level.

Barren zones extend from the lowest portion of the intertidal zone to the marsh areas. Beginning in close proximity to the tidal bars, sand dominated layers are prominent and become increasingly muddy throughout the tidal channels. Common bedding types include laminated sand, ripple bedding, and bay mud. Bioturbation also has a strong presence in barren zones.

Marshes contain an abundance of herbaceous plants while the sediment layers consist of thin sand and mud layers. Mudcracks are a common as well as wavy bedding planes.  Marshes are also the origins of coal/peat layers because of the abundant decaying plant life.

Salt pans can be distinguished in that they contain thinly laminated layers of clayey silt. The main source of the silt comes from rivers. Dried up mud along with wind erosion forms silt dunes. When flooding, rain or tides come in, the dried sediment is then re-distributed.

Selected example areas

 Arcachon Bay, France
 Banc d'Arguin, Mauritania
 Chamiza Wetland, Chile
 Great Rann of Kutch, India
 Belhaven, East Lothian Scotland, United Kingdom
 Bridgwater Bay and Morecambe Bay, United Kingdom
 Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts, United States
 Cook Inlet, Alaska, United States
 Lindisfarne Island, England, United Kingdom
 Minas Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada
 Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia
 North Slob, Wexford, Ireland
 Kneiss Archipielago, Tunisia
 Padilla Bay, Washington, United States
 Plymouth Bay, Massachusetts, United States
 Port of Tacoma, Washington, United States
 Port Susan, Warm Beach, Washington, United States
 Skagit Bay, Washington
 Snettisham, Norfolk England, United Kingdom
 Wadden Sea: Netherlands, Germany, Denmark
 West coast of Andros Island, Bahamas
 Yellow Sea: China, North Korea, South Korea

See also

 Herringbone cross beds

References

External links

Tidal Flats
Tidal Flats Field Sites
Intertidal Change Explorer

Mudflats

Mudflat


موقا قرية سورية تتبع ناحية حيش في منطقة معرة النعمان في محافظة إدلب. بلغ عدد سكانها 1,118 نسمة في عام 2004 حسب إحصاء المكتب المركزي للإحصاء.

تقع إلى الشمال من مدينة خان شيخون. تعتبر قرية موقا مركزا لخمسة قرى مجاورة يعمل اهلها بالزراعة، أهم المزروعات الفستق الحلبي والزيتون والحبوب بأنواعها.

في موقا عدد من المواقع الآثرية منها تل موقا الأثري والجامع القديم وغيره، وتتميز القرية بموقعها وبجمال الطبيعة.

الموقع
تقع قرية موقة على هضبة متوسطة الارتفاع حيث يتراوح ارتفاعها ما بين (350- 400م) على مستوى سطح البحر في النصف الجنوبي من محافظة ادلب شمال مدينة خان شيخون ب(6كم) وجنوب مدينة معرة النعمان ب(15كم) وتقع على نفس خط الطول المار بمركز مدينة ادلب (34درجة) شرق غرينتش وعلى خط العرض (36درجة) شمال خط الاستواء. وتقع أيضا غربي اوتوستراد حلب – دمشق الدولي السريع ب(1.5كم).

تتوسط القرية في موقعها مجموعة من القرى المجاورة لها من معظم الجهات وهي:
 من الغرب قرية العامرية.
 من الشرق مزرعة طبيش.
 من الشمال الغربي قرية كفرمزده.
 من الشمال والشمال الشرقي قرية جبالا الشرقية.
 من الجنوب مساحات واسعة من الأراضي الزراعية ذات الأشجار المثمرة المتاخمة لأراضي مدينة خان شيخون

المساحة
تبلغ مساحة القرية الكلَيَة مع الأراضي المملوكة لأهلها حوالي (7000 دونم) حيث تشمل الأراضي المعمورة والمستثمرة معاً.
تبلغ مساحة الأرض المعمورة حوالي (200دونم).
وتبلغ مساحة الأراضي المملوكة لأهل القرية والمستثمرة بالزراعة حوالي (6800دونم).

لمحة تاريخية
تعود القرية من حيث النشأة السكنية والعمرانية إلى ما بين عامي (1915-1920م) حيث سٌكنت من قبل سكانها الأساسيين في هذه المرحلة، الذين قدموا من بلدة كفر سجنة التي تبعد عن مركز القرية حوالي (5كم) باتجاه الشمال الغربي، وقد توافد إلى القرية مجموعة من العائلات نتيجة ظروف اجتماعية واقتصادية وذلك بين عامين (1946 – 1964م) وبشكل خاص بعد تطبيق قانون الإصلاح الزراعي. لقد كانت القرية في ذلك العهد هي عبارة عن اقطاعية زراعية صغيرة وجزء بسيط من الإقطاعيات التي يمتلكها الإقطاعي الذي يمتلك عدد من القرى والمزارع المجاورة.

عُثر في قرية موقة بعد القيام بعمليات التنقيب الأثرية على عدد من المواقع الأثرية ومن أهم هذه المواقع هي:
 تل موقة: وهو عبارة عن مدينة أثرية مدفونة تحت التراب يتراوح ارتفاع التل وسطياً (30م).
 الجامع القديم: حيث يقع وسط القرية ويحتوي على بعض النقوش واللوحات الفسيفسائية الجميلة، ويعود تاريخ هذه النقوش إلى العهد الروماني عام (300 م) وذلك حسب الدراسات والكتابات التي عثر عليها في نفس الموقع. أي يتراوح عمرها الزمني حوالي (1709سنة) من عامنا هذا,

وبسبب الأهمية التاريخية الأثرية اكتسبت القرية أهميتها السياحية. ولا تحتوي على أية نوع من المنشآت السياحية. وأغلب السياح الوافدين إلى القرية من أصول أوربية. وقد ورد ذكرها في المصادر التاريخية باسم (بسانوس).

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في منطقة معرة النعمان
قرى محافظة إدلب

موقا


Philipp Albrecht, hertug af Württemberg (tysk: George Philipp Albrecht Carl Maria Joseph Ludwig Hubertus Stanislaus Leopold Herzog von Württemberg ) (født 14. november 1893 i Stuttgart, død 17. marts 1975 i Ravensburg, Regierungsbezirk Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg) var en tysk prins, som var overhoved for Huset Württemberg i 1939–1975.

Forfædre
Philipp Albrecht af Württemberg var dattersøn af Karl Ludvig af Østrig (far til ærkehertug Franz Ferdinand, der blev myrdet i 1914), oldesøn af Franz Karl af Østrig (forfader til de østrig-ungarske kejsere 1848–1918), Ferdinand 2. af Begge Sicilier, og tipoldesøn af titulær hertug Alexander af Württemberg (1771–1833), kong Ludvig-Filip af Frankrig (1773–1850), ærkehertug Karl af Østrig, hertug af Teschen (1771-1847), Ludvig 1. af Bayern (1786–1868), kejser Frans 2. af det tysk-romerske rige og af Østrig (1768–1835), kong Maximilian 1. Joseph af Bayern (1756–1825), Karoline af Baden (1776–1841), kong Frans 1. af Begge Sicilier (1777–1830),

Familie
I 1923 blev Philipp Albrecht gift med ærkehertuginde Helene af Østrig–Toscana (1903–1924). De fik en datter.

I 1928 giftede Philipp Albrecht sig med ærkehertuginde Rosa af Østrig–Toscana (1906–1983), som var lillesøster til Helene af Østrig–Toscana.

Philipp Albrecht og Rosa fik seks børn, der i blandt:

 Marie-Thérèse af Württemberg, hertuginde af Montpensier født 1934, har været gift med en senere fransk tronprætendent.
 Carl, hertug af Württemberg født 1936, der blev overhoved for Huset Württemberg i 1975.

Kilder

Kongelige fra Tyskland
Huset Württemberg

Philipp Albrecht, hertug af Württemberg


Dirijan () aşireti, Türkiye'nin Doğu ve Güneydoğu bölgesinde ve İran'da bulunan bir Kürt aşiretidir.

Malatya'nın Hekimhan, Arguvan ve Yazıhan' ın bazı köylerinde yaşar. Göçebe olan bu aşiret genelinde yaylalarda (Yama dağlarında) Malatya'nın Hekimhan, Sivas'ın Divriği kazalarının sınırları içerisindeki yaylalara yerleşirler. Kışın daha sıcak olan Malatya'nın Hekimhan, Yazıhan, Arguvan ovalarına inerler. Genellikle 500 - 700'e varan koyun sürüleriyle bölgenin en cok koyun sürülerine sahip olan aşiretidir. Kürtçe'nin Kurmanci lehcesini konuşur.

Tarihçe
Dirijan aşiretinin kökenleri İranın Mahabad ve Horasan bölgelerine dayanır. Bilinen en eski kökleri Eyyübi hükümdarı Selahaddin Eyyubi'ye kadar uzanan Dirijanlılar İslamiyetin gelişmesi dönemlerinde, istila savaşları nedeniyle Urfa, Antep, Adiyaman, Malatya, Sivas'ın Kangal ve Divriği, Kars'ın Digor, Tunceli, Elâzığ'ın Baskil ilçesinin birçok mezrasına kadar dağılmıştır.

Kürt aşireti olan Dirijan aşireti, Osmanlı - İran savaşlarında sınır bölgesini oluşturmuştur. İslam öncesinde, Kürtlerinin ilk dinlerinden biri olan Zerdüşt dinine mensup olan bu aşiret, İslam şemsiyesi altına girerken ilk önce Alevi inancının ve 1638 yılından itibaren, Osmanlı Devleti'nin bu bölgeleri İran şahına karşı tampon bölge olarak kullanmasından dolayı, Hanefi mezhebinin tesiri altında kalmıştır. Dirijanlılar, İpek Yoluna hakim olma uğraşlarıyla birlikte Horasan'ın genelinde büyüyüp Meşhed, Tus ve Horasan'ın nüfusunun önemli bir kısmını oluşturmuştur. Bu aşiretin, hala Tus ve Meşhed şehirlerinde belli aileler düzeyinde devam etmekte olan kolu Ehli Beytin sekizinci imamı Ali er-Rızâ'nın türbesinin, Moğol ve Oğuzlara karşı koruyuculuğu ve bekçiliğini yapmışlardır. Şah İsmail'in politikalarına karşı Yavuz Sultan Selim'in yönlendirmesiyle, Şii Şah İsmail'le uzun yıllar süren bir savaşa girişmişlerse de hâlâ Alevilik ve Şii bakış açılarına sahiptirler.

Kültür
Civarındaki aşiretlere nazaran atlara ve at sporlarına olan ilgileri onların tanınmasında önemli etkenlerdir.  Diğer Kürt aşiretlerinde olduğu gibi Dirijanlilarda aşireti idare eden bir ağaları yoktur. Aşiretin en yaşlısı ve en bilgesi söz sahibidir. Bilge kararları yaşlılar heyetiyle birlikte alır ve diğer kürtlerde olduğu gibi aşiretin adli yönetimi Töre adı verilen kurallarla yapılmaktadır. Çeşitli varlıklı aileler zaman zaman ağalık yapmaya calışmışlarsa da, bütün aşirete teysir edebilecek bir konuma gelememişlerdir.

Halep de akrabaları olduğu gibi Orta Anadolu'ya dağılmış olan akrabaları da bulunmaktadır. Diyarbakır, Pülümür, Mazgirt, Pertek ve Akpazar bölgelerinde önemli bir nüfusları vardır. Doğu'daki Şafii aşiretlerin aksine Hanefi mezhebini seçmişlerdir ve aşiretin büyük bir bölümü bu mezhebe tabidir.

Dünya genelinde 280.000 kadar nüfusa sahip olan Dirijan 578 köy ve mezrada oluşmuştur. Dirijan Aşireti'nde daha önceleri göçebe hayatı yaşamakla birlikte eğitim, öğretime büyük önem verilmiştir. Hemen hemen her meslek grubunda yetişmiş üyelerinin bulunması bunun en büyük kanıtıdır. Girişkendirler, sosyal aktivitelere önem verirler. Yılın belli günlerinde bir araya gelerek hasret giderirler.

Dersim İsyanında da önemli bir rol oynayan bu aşiretin Dersim'deki bir kolu Haydaran (Haydêran) aşiretidir. Dirijanların sadece Türkiye'de değil, büyük çoğunluğu İran'da bulunan köyleri vardır. Ermenistan'da da Dirijanla aynı kökenden gelen 4 aşiret vardır. Dirijan aşireti çok büyük bir aşiret olduğu gibi sadece tek aşiretten oluşmaz ve Dirijan'a dayanan yaklaşık irili ufaklı 20 aşirete uzanan kolu vardır.

Dış bağlantılar
 https://smartofjournal.com/files/smartjournal/471107079_7_45_ID874_Levent&Levent_1045-1062.pdf
 http://www.openaccess.hacettepe.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11655/22454/Fatma%20Ak%C4%B1n-Yeni.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y

Kürt aşiretleri

Dirijan


Marsova je atmosfera rijetka u usporedbi sa Zemljinom. Tlak u području srednje površinske razine iznosi 7 mbar (oko 150 je manji nego na Zemlji na razini mora). No, u razno doba godine i na raznim mjestima mjeri se od 1 do 10 mbar. Marsova atmosfera se sastoji uglavnom od ugljičnog dioksida (95,32%), uz male primjese drugih elemenata: dušika (2,7%), argona (1,6%), kisika (0,13%) i neona (0,00025%). Također sadrži i vodenu paru (0,03%), a u polarnim krajevima je nađen ozon.

Prosječna izmjerena temperatura na Marsovoj površini je -63°C, s maksimumom od 20°C i minimumom od -143°C. Najtoplija su područja oko ekvatora i u subsolarnoj točki zato što temperatura tla ovisi o kutu upada Sunčevih zraka i često varira jer je rijetka atmosfera slab toplinski spremnik. Na polovima temperatura zimi ne prelazi -113°C, a pada i do -153°C što je dovoljno da CO2 kondenzira. Tada dio atmosferskog CO2 prelazi u polarnu kapu što dovodi do naglog pada tlaka na tom području i zrak s čitavog globusa struji prema tom polu. Temperaturne razlika između svjetlijih i tamnijih područja, odnosno tla i atmosfere, uvjetuju miješanje atmosfere. Vjetrovi, koji su pri tlu brzine 10 m/s, podižu čestice prašine do 50 km uvis i prenose ih na udaljenosti od više tisuća kilometara. Vjetrovi dostižu brzine do 100 m/s, izazivajući godišnje stotinjak pješčanih oluja koje, kada je Mars u perihelu, a vjetar i temperatura u svom maksimumu, mogu prekriti cijeli planet prašinom. Pješčane oluje dovode do zanimljivog učinka "anti-staklenika" odnosno velike količine prašine u atmosferi ne dopuštaju Sunčevoj svjetlosti da neoslabljena prodre do površine, a propuštaju toplinsko zračenje Marsove površine koja se hladi, dok se viši dijelovi atmosfere zagrijavaju.

Atmosferski tlak na vrhu varira od 5 do 8% normalnog tlaka atmosfere (oko 33 Pa). Unatoč rijetkoj atmosferi, još uvijek se mogu naći veće količine prašine u atmosferi i ugljikov dioksid se može smrznuti. Na tim visina nisu mogući oblaci od ledenih kristala. Zbog slabije gravitacije, Marsova atmosfera se proteže kao i Zemljina, do oko 200 km visine, unatoč 150 puta manjem tlaku.

Atmosfera je puna zrnaca prašine i stoga nam se Mars čini žutosmeđ. Na Marsu postoji smorac i kopnenjak, ali ne u doslovnom smislu jer nema mora, strujanje se javlja zbog diferencijalnog zagrijavanja dijelova površine. Na malim geografskim širinama dominira Hadleyjeva ćelija, poznata i nama na Zemlji, koja producira pasate, dok se u većim širinama javljaju područja niskog i visokog tlaka slična zemaljskim ciklonama. Na Marsu ne pada kiša, no postoji teorija o snijegu od kristalića ugljičnog dioksida.

Atmosferski bijeg
Prema podacima NASA-ine misije MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution), koja se bavi istraživanjem gornjih dijelova Marsove atmosfere, ionosfere i magnetosfere, znanstvenici su zaključili da je uloga sunčevog vjetra bila presudna u lišavanju Marsa njegove atmosfere. Mjerenja MAVEN-a pokazuju da sunčev vjetar raspršuje plin po stopi od oko 100 grama svake sekunde.

Prema podacima koje je sonda prikupila u prvih šest mjeseci istraživanja Marsove atmosfere, sunčev vjetar koji putuje brzinama od gotovo dva milijuna kilometara na sat prilikom obilaska oko Marsa stvara svojevrstan udarni val sličan onome kakav nastaje tijekom leta nadzvučnih aviona. Taj udarni val ubrzava ione u gornjim dijelovima atmosfere do brzina koje su dovoljne da se otmu utjecaju Marsove gravitacije.

Plavo nebo Marsa
Mars je okružen tankim slojem ugljikovog dioksida koji na površini stvara tlak od tek 6,1 milibara. Za usporedbu, prosječni atmosferski tlak na razini Zemljinih mora iznosi oko 1013 milibara. Na nebeskim tijelima bez atmosfere, poput Mjeseca ili Merkura, suton traje onoliko koliko Suncu treba da nestane ispod obzora. Čim Sunce u potpunosti zađe, nastane skoro potpuni mrak, narušen tek blijedim sjajem zvijezda i planeta (sjaj Zemlje viđene s Mjeseca može biti itekako jak!). Na Zemljinim umjerenim zemljopisnim širinama, pak, s ovom gustoćom i sastavom atmosfere, sutoni mogu trajati po približno pola sata. Bilo je stoga za očekivati da će sutoni na Marsu, gdje atmosfera sama puno slabije raspršuje Sunčevu svjetlost, trajati puno kraće od Zemljinih ili tek nešto duže od onih na bezzračnim tijelima. Ali na tome planetu atmosfera ima jedan važan sveprisutni sastojak koji nije plinovit, ali koji znatno pridonosi raspršenju svjetlost i koji produžava Marsove sutone na cijela dva sata. Taj sastojak jest fina prašina, podignuta u zrak lokalnim, regionalnim, a ponekad čak i globalnim pješčanim olujama.

Prolazeći kroz proziran medij, svjetlost se uvijek na neki način mijenja, prije svega u pogledu pravca gibanja. Zemljina atmosfera, sa svojim sastavom i gustoćom, izaziva raspršenje Sunčevog svjetla najizraženije u njegovim najkraćim valnim duljinama: plavim i ljubičastim. Zapravo, s raspršenjem je uvijek tako i ono je obrnuto razmjerno četvrtoj potenciji valne duljine. No, kako Sunce inače slabije odašilje ljubičaste boje i kako kisik u atmosferi upija dio tih i ultraljubičastih frekvencija, nebo nam ostaje obojenim dobro znanim plavim nijansama. Pogledamo li s površine Zemlje pravo prema Suncu golim okom (nakratko!) ili kroz teleskop sa solarnim filtrom, opazit ćemo svjetlo koje se nije u velikoj mjeri raspršilo – ono žute boje. Odatle i dojam da je naša zvijezda žućkasta.

Međutim, kada se Sunce nađe blizu obzoru i kada svjetlost iz njega zbog toga mora prolaziti kroz puno deblji sloj atmosfere, raspršenje se osjetno pojača i skoro svo plavo svjetlo bude uklonjeno iz vidokruga promatrača. Nebom zavladaju narančaste i crvenkaste nijanse, svojstvene sutonima našeg planeta. Prašina koja se zatekne u atmosferi (primjerice ljeti), može značajno pridonijeti tom crvenjenju neba. Na Marsu stvari izgledaju naopako. Tijekom dana, dok je Sunce visoko na nebu, čestice prašine u visini upijaju plavu svjetlost i raspršuju duže valne duljine. Nebo tako poprima za naše oko ne osobito privlačne prljavo crvene nijanse. Ali kada je Sunce Marsa nisko nad obzorom – pri izlasku ili pri zalasku – ta ista prašina rasprši svjetlo tako da oko Sunca oblikuje plavičastu aureolu hladnog sjaja. Valja znati da nebo je na Marsu plavo samo u suton.

Izvori

Mars
Atmosfere planeta Sunčevog sustava

Marsova atmosfera


La Coupe des Pays-Bas de football 1988-1989, nommée la KNVB beker, est la  édition de la Coupe des Pays-Bas. La finale se joue le 25 mai 1989 au stade De Kuip à Rotterdam.

Le club vainqueur de la coupe est qualifié pour la Coupe d'Europe des vainqueurs de coupe de football 1989-1990.

Finale
Le PSV Eindhoven en gagnant la finale contre le FC Groningue, réussit le doublé coupe-championnat et remporte son cinquième titre. La rencontre s'achève sur le score de 4 à 1. Groningue se qualifie pour la Coupe d'Europe des vainqueurs de coupe de football 1989-1990 en tant que finaliste perdant.

Notes et références

Lien externe
 tous les résultats de la compétition sur rsssf.com

1988-1989
Pays-Bas
Football
Football


Olsenbandens aller siste kupp, deutscher Festivaltitel: Der Olsenbande und ihr allerletzter Coup, ist der zwölfte Film aus der Filmreihe der Olsenbande (Norwegen). Die norwegische Filmkomödie von Knut Bohwim ist eine teilweise Neuverfilmung nach Vorlagen der beiden dänischen Filme Die Olsenbande fliegt über die Planke und Die Olsenbande fliegt über alle Berge. Sie hatte am 17. September 1982 ihre Kinopremiere.

Handlung
Egon wird wieder aus dem Gefängnis entlassen und plant, sich diesmal für immer zur Ruhe zu setzen. Kjell braucht Geld, da er und seine Frau Valborg Silberhochzeit feiern wollen. Außerdem möchte er ihr endlich einen Pelzmantel schenken. Egon hat einen Plan aus dem Gefängnis mitgebracht, denn er hat erfahren, dass die Führungsspitze der Versicherungsgesellschaft Hoher Norden ('Høye Nord') Geld unterschlagen hat. Die Olsenbande will sich daher in einem kleinen und ungefährlich aussehenden Coup die "bescheidene" Summe von "fünf Millionen" holen. Sie brechen in die Zentrale der Versicherungsgesellschaft ein und stehlen aus dem dortigen Franz-Jäger-Tresor den Koffer mit dem Schwarzgeld, das der Direktor der Gesellschaft, Bang-Johansen, und sein Vizedirektor Hallandsen veruntreut haben.

Das Dumme Schwein (Biffen) wird daraufhin von Bang-Johansen auf Egon angesetzt und nimmt ihm den Koffer wieder ab, mit Auftrag, ihn auch zu beseitigen. Mittels eines alten Fisches in der Lüftungsanlage, den sie auch schon beim Kofferdiebstahl verwendeten, vertreiben die Bandenmitglieder das Dumme Schwein aus seinem Pförtnerhäuschen und können so Egon befreien. Der Koffer ist allerdings schon wieder bei Hallandsen, so dass ein neuer Plan her muss.

Egon weiß aber, dass Hallandsen demnächst wegen einer Tagung von Oslo nach Paris reist. Auf dem Weg zum Osloer Flughafen tricksen sie Hallandsen bzw. seinen Taxifahrer aus und nehmen ihm den Koffer sowie seinen Mantel ab. Als sie einen Pelzmantel für Valborg kaufen wollen, stellen sie allerdings fest, dass da gar kein Geld im Koffer ist. Bei einer genaueren Untersuchung des Koffers entdecken sie, dass der Koffer einen doppelten Boden hat, in dem sich brisante Dokumente finden. Aus diesen erfahren sie die wahren Hintergründe der illegalen Geschäfte des "Hohen Nordens": Bang-Johansen und Hallandsen arbeiten für einen internationalen Waffenhändlerring, der verbotene Geschäfte auf der ganzen Welt tätigt. Das veruntreute Geld des "Hohen Nordens" verwenden sie für ein internationales Waffenhandelsgeschäft, das in Paris abgewickelt wird. Bang-Johansen und Hallandsen kaufen für 750 Millionen US-Dollar Waffen, um sie anschließend für über eine Milliarde $ in mehrere afrikanische Bürgerkriegsländer zu verkaufen.

Auch die Polizei hat Informationen zu dem Fall, will der Sache aber lieber vorsichtig nachgehen, da ihr die Sache zu heikel ist. Kriminalkommissar Hermansen ist nach einer Krankheit zurückgekehrt und muss feststellen, dass sein Assistent Holm seine Position als erster Inspektor übernommen hat. Hermansen muss jetzt seinem ehemaligen Untergebenen Holm als Assistent helfen, der ebenfalls kein Interesse an der Sache hat bzw. unfähig ist.

Olsen sieht in den Papieren zu den illegalen Waffengeschäften seine Chance, an das Geld heranzukommen. Er versichert sich bei der Versicherungsgesellschaft "Hoher Norden" für einen Millionenbetrag, so dass es theoretisch finanziell nicht vertretbar wäre, Egon zu beseitigen. Bei dem Übergabe-Treffen mit Bang-Johansen weist dieser Egon drauf hin, dass er wohl das Kleingedruckte nicht richtig gelesen habe, was den Vertrag unwirksam macht. Erneut gibt Bang Johansen dem Dummen Schwein den Auftrag, Egon zu beseitigen. In letzter Sekunde können ihn Kjell und Benny aus der Chemiefabrik Alnabru bei Oslo retten, wo er in Säure aufgelöst werden soll. Nachdem Egon knapp dem Dummen Schwein entkommen ist, sinnt er auf neue Methoden, um Direktor Bang-Johansen den Koffer abzujagen. In einem Osloer Hotel, wo Hallanden und Bang-Johansen sich mit dem Koffer aufhalten, will Egon ihnen diesen wieder abnehmen. Hallandsen und Bang-Johansen haben aber für den "Hohen Norden" und ihren persönlichen Schutz den privaten Sicherheitsdienst K.B.G. (Kristoffersens Body Guards) als Bodyguards angeheuert, um auch so weitere Zwischenfälle zu vermeiden. Um sich aber unbemerkt in das Hotel einzuschleichen, verkleidet sich Egon als Frau mit Namen "Egone" und überredet Valborg bei dem Coup mitzumachen. Sie bewerben sich als weibliche Reinigungskräfte im Hotel, um so an den roten Koffer zu kommen. Sie tricksen dabei erfolgreich den Sicherheitsdienst K.B.G. und ihren Chef, den Reinigungs-Inspektor, aus und holen sich den Koffer wieder. Sie werden aber enttarnt und müssen fliehen. Es beginnt eine wilde Autojagd durch ganz Oslo, bei der sie der K.B.G. mit ihren Kleintransportern verfolgt und sich auch Polizeifahrzeuge in die  Verfolgung einreihen. Die Olsenbande kann aber im letzten Moment mit dem Koffer entkommen. Bei ihrer Rückkehr in Kjells Wohnung wird Egon von der Polizei verhaftet und der Koffer mit den Dokumenten beschlagnahmt. Es scheint alles verloren zu sein. Für die Polizei erscheint der Fall zunächst ganz klar: Egon Olsen ist der Sündenbock. Holm wird von der norwegischen Justizministerin Mona Røkke belobigt, die er offensichtlich persönlich kennt und sie sogar mit ihrem Vornamen Mona am Telefon duzt sowie Hermansen wird in den vorzeitigen Ruhestand versetzt. Nachdem Egon wieder im Gefängnis ist, findet Benny im Kofferraum seines Wagens noch den Mantel, den sie damals Hallandsen abgenommen hatten. In dem Mantel entdecken Benny und Kjell mehrere Geldscheinbündel. Das ist die gesamte Beute.

Der Waffenhandel wird nach Auswertung der geheimen Dokumente aus dem Koffer von Egon Olsen durch das Justizministerium aufgedeckt und vereitelt. Der Sündenbock Egon Olsen wird nun rehabilitiert, freigelassen und zum norwegischen Volkshelden erklärt, denn er rettete den Frieden in der Welt. In einer Sonderausgabe des Dagbladet wird auf der Titelseite verkündet: "Egon Olsen sicherte den Weltfrieden!" Egon Olsen und seine Bande werden mit einer Luxuslimousine zum Osloer Flughafen gefahren und dabei von der Polizei eskortiert. Vorher haben sie sich noch mit neuen Anzügen eingekleidet und auch Valborg bekommt endlich ihren neuen Pelzmantel. Am Flughafen wartet ein gechartertes SAS Scandinavian Airlines-Flugzeug auf sie, das sie mit den Millionen aus ihrem letzten gelungenen Coup direkt nach Monte Carlo bringen soll. Ihr ehemaliger Widersacher Kriminalkommissar Hermansen ist wieder Chef und dirigiert das Polizeiorchester, das sie feierlich beim Einsteigen in ihr Flugzeug verabschiedet. Was die Olsenbande allerdings nicht bemerkt: Im Cockpit des Flugzeuges sitzt ausgerechnet ihr allergrößter Feind, das Dumme Schwein (Biffen). Das Flugzeug mit der Olsenbande hebt ab und fliegt in Richtung Monaco...

Ende??? (norwegisch: Slutt???, erscheint am Schluss des Filmes).

Kritik

Entstehungsgeschichte
 Olsenbandens aller siste kupp wurde von Teamfilm AS produziert mit Unterstützung von Nordisk Film, wie die Mitbenutzung derer Film-Studio und Kulissen in Valby. Teilweise spielen dadurch die verschiedenen Olsenbanden (dänische und norwegische) am gleichen Handlungsort. Einige Film-Szenen, bzw. Sequenzen wurden aus den Vorlagen Die Olsenbande fliegt über die Planke und Die Olsenbande fliegt über alle Berge zum Teil entnommen, wie z. B. in der Säurefabrik von Egon umgebracht werden soll.
 Im Unterschied zu den dänischen Filmen fasste man hier, wie ursprünglich auch von Henning Bahs und Erik Balling es geplant war, den zwölften und dreizehnten Film zu einem norwegischen Olsenbandenfilm zusammen. In Dänemark machte daraus zwei Filme, so den zwölften Film: Die Olsenbande fliegt über die Planke sowie den dreizehnten Film: Die Olsenbande fliegt über alle Berge. In Norwegen drehte man dafür später (1984) den dreizehnten Film eine eigenständige Fortsetzung, ohne dänischer Vorlage mit dem Titel: Men Olsenbanden var ikke død! (Aber die Olsenbande war nicht tot)
 Der Film endet mit derselben Szene, wie die 1984 folgende Fortsetzung Men Olsenbanden var ikke død! anfängt, wo sie Millionäre vom Osloer Flughafen feierlich verabschiedet werden.

Anmerkungen
 Unter dem Titel: Die Olsenbande und ihr allerletzter Coup wurde der Film 1997 auf den Nordischen Filmtagen in Lübeck gezeigt. Der Film wurde mittlerweile auch auf VHS, DVD und Blu-Ray veröffentlicht. Eine deutschsprachige Veröffentlichung existiert zu diesen Film bisher noch nicht.

Literatur
 Hauke Lange-Fuchs: "Ich habe einen Plaan!" Die Olsen-Bande Slapstick-Komik zwischen Klamauk und Subversion. Lübeck 1997, ISBN 3924214484.
 Frank Eberlein, Frank-Burkhard Habel: Die Olsenbande. Das große Buch für Fans. Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 1996, erweiterte Neuausgabe 2000. ISBN 3-89602-056-0
 Frank Eberlein: Das große Lexikon der Olsenbande. Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2001. ISBN 3-89602-361-6, S. 296–297

Weblinks

 Filmdatabase: Olsenbandens aller siste kupp auf film.medietilsynet.no
 Olsenbandens aller siste kupp auf filmfront.no

Einzelnachweise

Filmtitel 1982
Norwegischer Film
Kriminalfilm
Filmkomödie
Heist-Movie

Olsenbandens aller siste kupp


Un découd-vite, ou découseur, est un outil pour couper des fils textiles pour défaire des coutures.

Le plus souvent, il comporte une poignée et une tête métallique fourchue, avec deux dents de longueur inégale et une partie coupante entre les deux. La dent la plus longue est glissée dans la couture pour couper les fils sur toute la longueur.

Notes et références

Textile
Fil

Découd-vite


Primus er et amerikansk rockband, der er baseret i San Francisco, Californien, og som i øjeblikket består af bassist/vokalist Les Claypool, guitarist Larry "Ler" LaLonde og trommeslageren Tim "Herb" Alexander. Primus blev oprindeligt dannet i 1984 med Claypool og guitarist Todd Huth, og de to fik senere følgeskab af trommeslager Jay Lane, selvom de to sidstnævnte forlod bandet i slutningen af 1988. Med LaLonde og Alexander, indspillede Primus indspillede deres debutalbum Suck on This i 1989, efterfulgt af fire albummer: Frizzle Fry, Sailing the Seas of Cheese, Pork Soda, og Tales from the Punchbowl. Alexander forlod bandet i 1996, og blev erstattet af Bryan "Brain" Mantia, og Primus indspillede den oprindelige titelsang til TV-serien South Park, og yderligere to albums, Brown Album og Antipop, før de tog en pause i 2000.

I 2003 blev Claypool og LaLonde genforenet med Alexander og udgav en DVD/EP, Animals Should Not Try to Act Like People, før de turnerede sporadisk gennem 2009. I 2010, vendte Lane tilbage Primus, og erstattede Alexander, og bandet udgav deres syvende album, Green Naugahyde, i 2011. I 2013, forlod Lane forlod bandet igen, for at fokusere på andre projekter, og Tim Alexander vendte endnu engang tilbage. De har udgivet nogle af deres indspilninger på Claypools eget pladeselskab Prawn Song Records.
Primus er kendetegnet ved sin respektløse og skæve tilgang til musik. Robert Christgau bemærkede engang : "[Primus er] ganske muligvis det mærkeligste top-10-band nogensinde, og godt for dem."

Diskografi
 Frizzle Fry (1990)
 Sailing the Seas of Cheese (1991)
 Pork Soda (1993)
 Tales from the Punchbowl (1995)
 Brown Album (1997)
 Antipop (1999)
 Green Naugahyde (2011)
 Primus & the Chocolate Factory with the Fungi Ensemble (2014)
 The Desaturating Seven (2017)

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Musikgrupper fra 1984
Rockgrupper fra USA

Primus


පෞද්ගලික සහන සේවා කණ්ඩායම්
රට තුළ සහන සේවා කටයුතු ක්රිiයාත්මක කිරීම සඳහා ජාත්යfන්තර සංවිධාන කිහිපයකට (සිද්ධි දාමයට පෙර හෝ ඉන් පසු) අනුමැතිය ලැබී ඇත. මින් සමහරක් සහන සේවා කටයුතුවලට සහයෝගය ලබා දීම සිදු කරති. එවන් සංවිධාන කිහිපයක් පහත දැක්වේ.
•	Aidmatrix මෙම සංවිධානය මඟින් සහන සේවා කටයුතු සඳහා දායක වීමට කැමැත්තක් දක්වන විවිධ ආයතන, කණ්ඩායම් සහ පුද්ගලයන් සඳහා සම්බන්ධීකරණ සේවා සපයන අන්තර්ජා දොරටුවක් ක්රි යාත්මක කරයි. මේ ඔස්සේ ද්රරව්ය මය ආධාර, මූල්යමමය ආධාරය ලබා ගැනීමෙත් රාජකාරී ස්ථානයන්හිද සාමූහිකව ආධාර රැස් කිරීමේ ව්යා පෘති ක්රි යාත්මක කිරීම සඳහා පහසුකම් සැපයීමත් සිදු කෙරේ.
•	Giving Children Hope මෙම සංවිධානය සිය බිම් මට්ටමේ සාමාජිකයන් ඇසුරින් හදිසි සහන සේවා සැපයුම් බෙදා හැරීමට කටයුතු කර ඇත.
•	CARE මෙම සංවිධානයේ මූලස්ථාන කිහිපයක් යැන්හොන්හි පිහිටා තිබූ අතර ඉන් සමහරකට හානි සිදු වී ඇත. නමුත් මෙහි නිලධාරීන්ට සහ සාමාජිකයින්ට හානි සිදු වී නොමැත. මේ වන විට ඔවුන් සතුව වෙනත් සම්පත් පවතින අතර ආධාර ලබා දීම සඳහා සූදානමින් සිටිති. මේ වන විට ද ඉලක්කගත ආධාර ප්රමමාණයක් ඔවුන් සතුව පවතී.
•	Chevron Corporation ඇමරිකානු ඩොලර් මිලියන 2ක ආධාර මුදලක් ලබා දීමට තීරණය කර ඇත. ඉන් අඩක් රතු කුරුස සංවිධානයට ලබා දීමටත් ඉතිරිය International Organization for Migration, Mercy Corps, Pact and Save the Children යන සංවිධාන අතර බෙදා දීමටත් සැලසුම් කර ඇත.
•	Church World Service ආයතනය Myanmar Council of Churches සංවිධානය සමඟ එක්ව සහන සේවා කටයුතු දියත් කර ඇත. ඔවුන් සතුව ද මේ වන විට ඉලක්කගත ආධාර ප්රයමාණයක් පවතී.
•	Direct Relief International බිම් මට්ටමේ සංවිධාන කිහිපයක් හා එක්ව සහන සේවා කටයුතු ක්‍රියාත්මක කරයි. පරිපාලන කටයුතු සඳහා වැය නොකරන, මුළුමනින්ම සහන සේවා ව්යා‍පෘති සඳහා යෙදවෙන සාමාන්යක ආධාර ඔවුන් සතුව පවතී.
•	Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières - සංවිධානයේ කණ්ඩායමක් බිම් මට්ටමේ ක්රිDයාත්මක වන අතර ඔවුන් මේ වන විට සහන සේවා කටයුතු සඳහා දායකත්වය සපයමින් සිටිති. සාමාන්ය  ආධාර සැපයුම් තොරතුරු මොවුන්ගෙන් ලබා ගත හැක.
•	Foundation for the People of Burma - සංවිධානය රුන්ගුන්හි ක්රියයාත්මක වෙමින් සෘජුව සහන සේවා කටයුතු ක්රිoයාත්මක කරයි. සහන සේවා කටයුතු බෞද්ධාගමික ස්වේච්ඡා සේවකයින් අතින් ක්රිුයාත්මක ව අතර තවදුරටත් ලැබෙන ආධාර භාර ගැනීම සඳහා බලාපොරොත්තුවෙන් සිටිති.
•	GlobalGiving සංවිධානය දැනටමත් මියන්මාරයේ ක්රිැයාත්මක වන බිම් මට්ටමේ සංවිධාන කිහිපයක් සමඟ නිශ්චිත සහන සේවා ව්යාැපෘති ක්රි යාත්මක කරති. ඔවුන් හා ක්රිසයාත්මක වන සංවිධාන අතරට IDE , CHF International හා International Medical Corps යන ඒවා අයත් වේ.
•	Hungarian Baptist Aid සංවිධානය Baptist World Aid හි සෙවිමේ හා ගලවා ගැනීමේ කණ්ඩායම් සහ වෛද්යa කණ්ඩායම් සමඟ එක්ව ක්රි යා කරයි. ඊට අමතරව මේ වන විට මානුෂීය ආධාර සැපයීමටත් විශේෂ ජල පිරිපහදු සහ මළු වශයෙන් ජලය ලබා දීමේ ඒකකයක් ඇරඹීමටත් ඔවුහු ක්රිවයාත්මක වෙමින් සිටිති.
•	Lutheran World Relief සංවිධානය  Church World Service සංවිධානය ඔස්සේ සහන සේවා කටයුතු ක්රිnයාත්මක කරයි. ඔවුන් විශේෂිත මියන්මාර / බුරුම සුළි කුණාටු ආධාර වැඩ සටහනක් ආරම්භ කර ඇත.
•	මියන්මාර රතු කුරුස සංවිධානය සිය මවු ආයතනයේ නිල වෙබ් අඩවිය හරහා ආධාර ලබා දෙන ලෙස ඉල්ලීමක් කර ඇත. මේ වන විට ඔවුන් බිම් මට්ටමේ ක්රි යාත්මක වන අතර ඉලක්කගත ආධාර ලබා දීමට සූදානමින් සිටී. මේ සඳහා ආධාර කිරීමට දක්වන්නේ නම් නිල වෙබ් අඩවිය වෙත පිවිස "Myanmar Cyclone Nargis"  ය‍ටතේ "I would like my contribution to go to:" යන යොමුව තෝරාගන්න.
•	Save the Children ආයතනය මියන්මාර්යේ ක්රි යාත්මක වන විශාලතම රාජ්යu නොවන සංවිධානවලින් එකකි. එමඟින් මේ වන විට සියළු අංශ ආවරණ වන පරිදි දැවැන්ත සහන වැඩ පිළිවෙලක් ක්රිකයාවට නංවා ඇත. මෙම සංවිධානය හරහා ද ඉලක්කගත ආධාර ලබා දිය හැක.
•	ShelterBox ඕස්ට්රේ ලියානු ශාඛාව සහ අනෙකුත් Rotary International සමුහයේ සංවිධාන ද සහන සේවා කටයුතු සඳහා දායකත්වය දක්වති. මැයි 10 වැනි දා පටන් ShelterBoxes සාමාජිකයින් මියන්මාරය වෙත පැමිණීම ආරම්භ විය.
•	UNICEF ආයතනය මේ වන විටද රට තුළ ක්රියයාත්මක වන අතර ආධාරක සැපයුම් ලබා දී ඇත. මෙම සංවිධානය හරහා ද ඉලක්කගත ආධාර ලබාදීමේ ක්රකමවේදයක් ක්රිවයාත්මක වේ.
•	Unitarian Universalist Service Committee සංවිධානය Unitarian Universalist Association සංවිධානය සමඟ එක්ව මියන්මාර සුළි කුණාටුවෙන් ජීවිත බේරාගත් පුද්ගලයන් සඳහා මානුෂීය ආධාර අරමුදලක් ආරම්භ කර ඇත. ගැටළු සහගත තත්වයන්ට මුහුණ දීම සඳහා UUSC ආයතනය සැලසුම් සහගතව ක්රිතයාත්මක වේ. අයිතිවාසිකම්වලට තර්ජන එල්ල වූ, සාම්ප්රාදායික සහන සේවා ව්යා පෘති වලින් නොසලකා හැරි සහ ඔවුන්ට මඟ හැරුණු පුද්ගලයන් පිළිබඳ මොවුන්ගේ වැඩි අවධානය යොමු වේ. මොවුන් හරහා ද ඉලක්කගත ආධාර සැපයීම් කළ හැක.
•	World Vision සංවිධානයේ සාමාජිකයන් 600ක් මේ වන විට බිම් මට්ටමේ ක්රිුයාකාරීව (වීඩියෝ ක්ලිපය බලන්න) මොවුන් ද ඉලක්කගත ආධාර ලබාදීමේ පහසුකම් සපයා ඇත.

නිෂ්පාදනයට සිදු වන බලපෑම
වී වගාව සඳහා ඉරවඩි ඩෙල්ටා ප්ර්දේශය ඉතා සශ්රීමක බිම් කඩක් වන අතර "සහල් නැලිය" ලෙස ද හැඳින්වේ. මෙම ප්ර්දේශයෙන් ලැබුණු වී නිෂ්පාදන මඟින් බුරුම ජනතාවට ප්රිමාණවත් තරම් (ආසියානු ප්රිමිතීන්ට අනුව) සහල් සපයා ඉතිරිය අපනයනය කිරීමට ද බුරුමය සමත් විය. නාර්ගීස් චණ්ඩ මාරුතය අස්වනු නෙළන කාලයට ආසන්නව සිදු කළ බලපෑම හේතුවෙන් වී නිෂ්පාදනය අඩු වී සාගත තත්වයක් උද්ගත වීමේ හැකියාවක් පවතී. එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ ආහාර හා කෘෂිකර්ම සංවිධානයේ ගණනය කිරීම්වලට අනුව බුරුමයේ මුළු වී නිෂ්පාදනයෙන් 65%ක ප්රඅමාණයක් චණ්ඩ මාරුතය නිසා බලපෑමට ලක්ව ඇත. මේ තත්වය හේතුවෙන් අනාගතයේ සහල් හිඟයක් ඇති වුව හොත් තත්වය ඉතා භයානක විය හැකි බව ඔවුන්ගේ මතයයි. මෙම තත්වය නිසා දැනට උද්ගතව ඇති ආපදා තත්වය තවදුරටත් වර්ධනය විය හැකි බව ඔවුන් ප්ර.කාශ කර තිබේ. කෙසේ නමුත් යම් හෙයකින් සරත් සෘතුවේ සහ ගිම්හානය අවසානයේ ලැබෙන අස්වනු හොඳ තත්වක පැවතුණහොත් ආපදා අවම කරගත හැකි වනු ඇත.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone_Nargis#Private_relief

පෞද්ගලික සහන සේවා කණ්ඩායම්


An Wiesneria schweinfurthii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Joseph Dalton Hooker. An Wiesneria schweinfurthii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Wiesneria, ngan familia nga Alismataceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Wiesneria

Wiesneria schweinfurthii


Macintosh Programmer's Workshop (MPW) is a software development environment for the Classic Mac OS operating system, written by Apple Computer. For Macintosh developers, it was one of the primary tools for building applications for System 7.x and Mac OS 8.x and 9.x. Initially MPW was available for purchase as part of Apple's professional developers program, but Apple made it a free download after it was superseded by CodeWarrior. On Mac OS X it was replaced by the Project Builder IDE, which eventually became Xcode.

Design

MPW provided a command line environment and tools, including 68k and PowerPC assemblers as well as Pascal,  C and C++ compilers. The shell environment is somewhat similar to Unix shells in design, but is designed around the Macintosh's character set and GUI, replacing the usual terminal environment with a "worksheet" interface, allowing the user to select and run arbitrary sections of a shell script or to redo commands with no retyping. In addition, command line tools were commonly provided with a somewhat standardized graphical interface named Commando that provided limited access to the command line capabilities of the program. The debuggers were not integrated into MPW like most IDEs of today but the language compilers supported the symbolic debugging information file format used by the debugger. MPW supported a source-level debugger called SADE (Symbolic Application Debugging Environment). SADE was not an MPW Tool, but ran as a separate application with a user interface similar to MPW.

Apple's compilers had some features that were not common on other platforms—for example, the Pascal compiler was object-oriented, while the C and C++ compilers included support for length-prefixed strings (needed for Pascal-oriented APIs).

Pascal was Apple's original preferred language for Macintosh software development, and MPW was initially released with only Pascal support. A C compiler was released with MPW 2.0. The MPW C compiler was written under contract for Apple by Greenhills, a Macintosh-variant of the Green Hills C compiler designed specially for Apple and which was similar to the version that was available for the Lisa Workshop. In addition, the original MPW C compiler was known for its casual and frequently humorous error messages ("we already did this function"), as well as occasionally addressing users by name. These quirks were not carried on after the PowerPC transition, when Apple replaced the originals with compilers written by Symantec. Pascal support was no longer provided by the mid-90s due to declining popularity of the language.
MPW was always targeted to a professional audience and was seldom used by hobbyist developers due to the considerable price for the package; by the time it was made freeware it had long since been superseded by offerings from Symantec and Metrowerks, as well as Apple's own development tools inherited from NeXT and distributed for free with OS X. It was also occasionally available as a wrapper environment for third-party compilers, a practice used by both Metrowerks and Absoft among others. Apple has officially discontinued further development of MPW and the last version of OS X to run it is 10.4 'Tiger', the last one to support the Classic environment. Apple maintained a web site and mailing lists that supported the software long after its discontinuation, but that site now redirects to the Xcode page.

MPW Shell
The MPW Shell featured redirection of output to files, as well as to windows.  If a file were open, the output would go to the file and to the open window.  This redirection of output required significant patching out of the file system calls so that tools need not do anything special to inherit this feature: the MPW Shell did all of the work.

The MPW Shell command language was based on the Unix csh language, but was extended to support the main features of the Macintosh GUI.  It had simple commands to create menus, dialogs (prompts), and new shell windows.  The cursor could be controlled, and MPW scripts or tools could easily be attached to a menu item.  Command key shortcuts could be specified.  Window size and location could be controlled.  These features were popular in commercial production environments, where complicated build and packaging processes were all controlled by elaborate scripts.

The shell had some important differences from its Unix counterparts. For instance, the classic Mac OS had nothing comparable to Unix fork(), so MPW tools were effectively called as subroutines of the shell; only one could be running at any one time, and tools could not themselves run other tools. These limitations were the inspiration for the MacRelix project, a "Unix-like system" for classic Mac OS.

Look and feel
Functionally, a worksheet is a cross between a text editor document and an xterm window. Each worksheet window is persistently bound to a file. The user may type anything anywhere in the window, including commands, which can be executed via the keyboard's Enter key; command output appears at the insertion point. Unlike an xterm window, an MPW worksheet is always in visual editing mode and can be freely reorganized by its user. Hence a worksheet can be purely a command script or purely a text document or a mixture of the two—an integrated document describing the history, maintenance procedures and test results of a software project. The commercial BBEdit text editor retains a feature it calls "shell worksheets" on Mac OS X. The Emacs text editor provides shell buffers, a similar feature that works across platforms.

Other tools
MPW included a version of make. Its syntax was conceptually similar to that of Unix make, but used the MacRoman long f character to indicate dependencies. More significantly, since the limitations of the shell precluded the make program from running tools itself, it had to work by composing a script of compile/link actions to be run, then delivering that to the shell for execution. While this was good enough most of the time, it precluded makefiles that could make on-the-fly decisions based on the results of a previous action.

Although not implemented as MPW tools, the package also came with several source-level debuggers through its history; SourceBug and SADE (Symbolic Application Debugging Environment) were used on MC680x0 systems, while the Power Mac Debugger (known during development as R2Db) provided both local and remote debugging services for PowerPC systems, the latter by using a server program known as a "debugger nub" on the computer being debugged.

Writing MPW tools
MPW included a set of standard C libraries sufficient for developers to build their own MPW tools. Many Unix utilities could be ported with little change. One point of difficulty was the Mac OS newline convention, which was different from Unix. Another was the pathname separator, ":" in Mac OS, but many Unix utilities assumed "/". Many Unix utilities also assumed pathnames would not have embedded spaces, a common practice on Macs.

For a number of years, the GNU toolchain included portability support for MPW as part of libiberty. This was used to support MPW-hosted cross-compilers used by General Magic and several other developers.

History
MPW was started in late 1985 by Rick Meyers, Jeff Parrish, and Dan Smith (now Dan Keller).  It was going to be called the Macintosh Programmer's System, or MPS.  (Notice that coincidentally the three last names start with MPS.)  'MPS ' has always been the creator signature of the MPW Shell as a result of this.  Since MPW was to be the successor to the Lisa Workshop, they decided to rename it the Macintosh Programmer's Workshop. Before the arrival of MPW, Mac applications had to be cross-developed on a Lisa.

The MPW Pascal compiler is descended from the Lisa Pascal compiler. Apple's Larry Tesler worked with Niklaus Wirth to come up with Object Pascal extensions which Ken Doyle incorporated in one of the last versions of the Lisa Pascal compiler. This enabled MacApp.

Early contributors included Rick Meyers (project lead and MPW Shell command interpreter), Jeff Parrish (MPW Shell editor), Dan Smith (MPW Shell commands), Ira Ruben (assembler and many of the tools including Backup, PasMat, and more), Fred Forsman (Make, Print, SADE, and assembler macro processor), Al Hoffman (Pascal compiler) Roger Lawrence (Pascal and C compilers, including the error messages), Ken Friedenbach (linker), Johan Strandberg (Rez, DeRez, RezDet), Steve Hartwell (C libraries), and Dan Allen (MacsBug, editor).  The Apple Numerics Group also contributed math libraries.

MPW 1.0 was completed on September 24, 1986.  A shell memory leak was fixed on October 10, 1986, and MPW 1.0.1 was born.  MPW 2.0 was completed on July 20, 1987. MPW 3.0 was done November 30, 1988 and included a completely new C compiler. Around the same time, the beta version of the C++ compiler as well as MacApp 2.0 (for Object Pascal) were made available.  MPW 3.1 and 3.2 came in the next few years, with MPW 3.3 released in May 1993, adding distributed tools support and incremental linking. MPW 3.4 was completed July 14, 1995, and MPW 3.5 was done December 17, 1999. MPW 3.6 was under development when work was halted in late 2001.

During MPW's twilight years, Greg Branche supported MPW unofficially through the Apple MPW-dev mailing list. The list, and the lists.apple.com server that hosted it, was planned to be shut down January 17, 2014, a decision that was later reversed.

Legacy
MPW can still be used to develop for Mac OS X, but support is limited to Carbon applications for PowerPC-based computers. To develop Mac OS X applications based on other technologies, one must use either Xcode or another OS X-compatible development environment. MPW also included a version control system called Projector; this has been superseded by modern version control systems and is no longer supported in Mac OS X.

See also
Jasik debugger
Comparison of computer shells

References

Further reading

 Chapter six is about MPW.

External links

Macintosh operating systems development
Classic Mac OS-only software made by Apple Inc.
C (programming language) compilers
Command shells
Classic Mac OS text editors
Discontinued development tools
Classic Mac OS programming tools

Macintosh Programmer's Workshop


Bill Heine (9 January 1945 – 2 April 2019) was an American-born British radio broadcaster and writer based in Oxford, England.

Heine started working for BBC Radio Oxford in 1983, and was considered by many to be very opinionated and perhaps somewhat controversial in the field of radio presenting. He was not afraid to speak his mind and allowed his listeners to do the same during his former afternoon phone-in show.  Heine's last regular broadcast was on 24 April 2016.

American-born, Heine lived in Oxford since studying for a postgraduate degree at Balliol College in the late 1960s.  In the 1970s and 1980s, he ran both the Penultimate Picture Palace cinema in East Oxford and the Moulin Rouge Cinema (which he later renamed Not The Moulin Rouge) in Headington. Bill and his friend, the sculptor John Buckley, designed a giant pair of hands to adorn the former, and a giant pair of legs for the latter.

Together Heine and Buckley, again, in 1986 came up with the  fibreglass sculpture of a shark that appears to be crashing through the roof of the house he lived within, in the Headington area of Oxford, creating a somewhat controversial local landmark.

Heine's book about his radio career, Heinstein of the Airwaves, was published by Chris Andrews Publications on 31 October 2008, and his book about his infamous sculpture, The Hunting of the Shark, was published by Oxfordfolio on 9 August 2011.

In November 2017, Heine revealed that he had been diagnosed with terminal acute myeloid leukemia. He died at home on 2 April 2019.

References

External links

 BBC My Story with Bill Heine on YouTube
 Interview with Bill Heine

1945 births
2019 deaths
American emigrants to England
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
English radio personalities
English non-fiction writers
People from Oxford
English male non-fiction writers
Deaths from leukemia
Deaths from cancer in England

Bill Heine


Simon Després-Bellavance (* 27. Juli 1991 in Laval, Québec) ist ein kanadischer Eishockeyspieler, der seit Juli 2022 beim EC VSV aus der ICE Hockey League unter Vertrag steht und dort auf der Position des Verteidigers spielt.

Karriere
Simon Després begann seine Karriere bei Rousseau Sports de Laval-Bourassa in der Québec Midget Hockey League, einer regionalen Juniorenliga. Beim Entry Draft 2007 der Ligue de hockey junior majeur du Québec (LHJMQ) wurde der Spieler an erster Gesamtposition von den Saint John Sea Dogs ausgewählt. Der Defensivakteur wechselte daraufhin in die kanadische Major-Junior-Liga und wurde am Ende seiner Debütsaison in das LHJMQ All-Rookie-Team gewählt.

Beim NHL Entry Draft 2009 wurde Després in der ersten Runde an insgesamt 30. Position von den Pittsburgh Penguins selektiert. Am 7. Oktober 2009 unterschrieb er einen Einstiegsvertrag bei den Penguins. Der Abwehrspieler absolvierte anschließend noch zwei weitere Spielzeiten in der Québec Major Junior Hockey League. In den Play-offs der Saison 2010/11 erreichten die Sea Dogs wie im Vorjahr das Finale. Dort setzten sie sich gegen die Olympiques de Gatineau durch und gewannen erstmals den Coupe du Président. Després wurde anschließend in das LHJMQ First All-Star-Team gewählt; zusätzlich wurde er als bester Verteidiger der Liga mit der Trophée Émile Bouchard ausgezeichnet. Durch die LHJMQ-Meisterschaft erspielten sich die Saint John Sea Dogs auch eine Teilnahme am Memorial Cup 2011. Bei diesem Turnier setzten sich die Sea Dogs im Finale gegen die Mississauga St. Michael's Majors aus der Ontario Hockey League durch und gewann ihren ersten Memorial Cup.

In der folgenden Spielzeit debütierte Simon Després schließlich in der National Hockey League (NHL) für die Pittsburgh Penguins. Der Defensivakteur absolvierte in der NHL-Saison 2011/12 18 Partien für die Penguins, dabei erzielte er ein Tor sowie drei Torvorlagen. Den Großteil der Spielzeit verbrachte der Linksschütze bei Pittsburghs Farmteam Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins in der American Hockey League (AHL).

Im März 2015 gaben ihn die Penguins im Austausch für Ben Lovejoy an die Anaheim Ducks ab. Für die Ducks absolvierte er in der Saison 2016/17 infolge einer Gehirnerschütterung nur ein Pflichtspiel, bevor ihm das Team im Juni 2017 seine verbleibenden drei Vertragsjahre ausbezahlte (buy-out), sodass er fortan als Free Agent auf der Suche nach einem neuen Arbeitgeber war und diesen im August 2017 im HC Slovan Bratislava aus der Kontinentalen Hockey-Liga fand.

Im Herbst 2018 nahm er am Trainingslager der Canadiens de Montréal teil, erhielt aber nur ein Angebot für einen AHL-Vertrag, den er nicht annahm. Dennoch bestritt er im Dezember im Rahmen eines Probevertrags fünf Partien für die Rocket de Laval, das Farmteam der Canadiens in der AHL, bevor er sich im Februar 2019 den Kölner Haien aus der Deutschen Eishockey Liga anschloss. Dort unterzeichnete er einen Vertrag bis zum Ende der Spielzeit 2018/19. Anschließend stand er beim IK Oskarshamn unter Vertrag und war in der Folge ohne Anstellung. Seit Februar 2021 steht Després bei den Eisbären Berlin unter Vertrag und gewann mit diesen 2021 den deutschen Meistertitel. 2022 gewann er seinen zweiten deutschen Meistertitel mit den Eisbären, erhielt anschließend jedoch keine Vertragsverlängerung und wechselte zum EC VSV in die multinationale ICE Hockey League.

International
Simon Després vertrat sein Heimatland mit der kanadischen Nationalmannschaft erstmals bei der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2009. Die Kanadier belegten bei diesem Turnier den vierten Platz. Després kam in diesem Turnier in sechs Partien zum Einsatz, dabei gelangen ihm zwei Assists. Seinen zweiten Einsatz auf internationaler Ebene hatte der Abwehrspieler bei der U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2011. Bei diesem Wettbewerb gewann die kanadische Mannschaft nach einer Finalniederlage gegen die russische Auswahl die Silbermedaille.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen

International
 2008 Goldmedaille beim Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament
 2011 Silbermedaille bei der U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft

Karrierestatistik

Stand: Ende der Saison 2021/22

International
Vertrat Kanada bei:
 World U-17 Hockey Challenge 2008
 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament 2008
 U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2009
 U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2011

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeynationalspieler (Kanada)
Eishockeyspieler (Saint John Sea Dogs)
Eishockeyspieler (Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins)
Eishockeyspieler (Pittsburgh Penguins)
Eishockeyspieler (San Diego Gulls, AHL)
Eishockeyspieler (Anaheim Ducks)
Eishockeyspieler (HC Slovan Bratislava)
Eishockeyspieler (Rocket de Laval)
Eishockeyspieler (Kölner Haie)
Eishockeyspieler (IK Oskarshamn)
Eishockeyspieler (Eisbären Berlin)
Eishockeyspieler (EC VSV)
Deutscher Meister (Eishockey)
Kanadier
Geboren 1991
Mann

Simon Després


Der Bulgarische Eishockeyverband () ist der nationale Eishockeyverband Bulgariens.

Geschichte
Der Verband wurde im Jahre 1946 gegründet und am 25. Juli 1960 in die Internationale Eishockey-Föderation aufgenommen. Der Verband gehört zu den IIHF-Vollmitgliedern. Aktueller Präsident ist Krassimir Krastew.

Der Verband kümmert sich überwiegend um die Durchführung der Spiele der bulgarischen Eishockeynationalmannschaft sowie der Frauen-Nationalmannschaft und der Junioren-Mannschaften. Zudem organisiert der Verband den Spielbetrieb auf Vereinsebene, unter anderem in der bulgarischen Eishockeyliga und im bulgarischen Eishockeypokal.

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website (bulgarisch)
 Bulgarien auf der Webseite der IIHF (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeyverband
Verband
Nationaler Sportverband (Bulgarien)
Sportverband (Bulgarien)

Bulgarischer Eishockeyverband


Javier Almeda Ortega (nacido el 5 de diciembre de 1966 en Madrid, España) es un actor de cine, teatro y televisión. Durante muchos años relacionado con el mundo del circo hasta que se pasó a la interpretación, en la que lleva más de un centenar de proyectos entre largometrajes, cortometrajes, series, programas y obras de teatro. Ganador como actor en el Festival Internacional de Cine de Sitges y como productor  en el Festival de Cine de Málaga.  En el año 2010 crea la productora de temática social  "Almatwins Productions" y que se convierte en compañía teatral en 2018 tras siete largometrajes, numerosos cortos y dos obras de teatro. Desde 2018 reside en Sevilla centrado en el teatro, y junto a Manuela Luna, protagoniza la obra "Alfonsina, la muerte y el mar" estrenada en 2020 y "Los Quintero en..." en 2021. Ambas producciones en gira.  En cartera tienen tres obras de adultos y cinco infantiles. Ambos son Académicos fundadores en la Academia de las Artes Escénicas de Andalucía.

Familia

Pareja: Manuela Luna (https://manuelaluna7.wixsite.com/manuelaluna]

Hija: Elisabeth Almeda

Trabajos

Televisión
Telepelículas
 23-F: el día más difícil del rey Silvia Quer, TVE-TV3 (2009)
 La ratjada Miquel García, TV3 (2008)
 El estafador Ricard Figueras, In Vitro Films  TVE-TV3 (2008)

Series y programas
 Allí Abajo, Antena3.
 Dorien, Webserie RTVE, Hermanos Prada.
 La que se avecina Telecinco. (2016)
 Arrayán Canal Sur. (2012)
 Pelotas 2ª temporada José Corbacho y Juan Cruz TVE (2010)
 Sin tetas no hay paraíso Grundy. Tele 5. Gustavo Cotta (2009)
 El cor de la ciutat TV3. Esteve Rovira. (2009)
 Pelotas  José Corbacho y Juan Cruz. TVE (2009)
 Jaume I Kartell. TV3. (2009)
 Xadom  Atzucat Producciones. Xarxa televisions Locals XTVL (2009)
 Serie B Connectats. Diego Salazar. Xarxa Televisions Locals XTVL (2009)
  Programa Buenafuente ha salido con Berto Romero e Iñigo. La Sexta (2008)
  Programa Llegendes urbanes Mediapro-TV3.  (2008)
  Serie  K-7. Oscar Martínez y Ramón Viña.  BTV (Barcelona Televisió)(2008)
  Els diaris de Pascal Joan Gallifa. TV3 (2008)
  Empúries Joan Gallifa. TV3 (2008)
  Polònia Veranda Televisió. TV3 (2008)
  Buenafuente TV3. Produccions El Terrat- Antena 3 (2006)
  Serie Divinos Produccions El Terrat - Antena 3 (2007)
  Programa A pelo. Produccions El Terrat - La Sexta. (2006)
  Programa  Extra.  Sketch còmico "Bodas civiles" Gestmusic La 1 (2006)

Cine
Largometrajes
 The Marionette, de Antoni Caimari
 El día del padre, de Alberto Carpintero
 El cura y el veneno, de Antoni Caimari Caldés (2011)
 La guía del silencio, de Cándido Pérez de Armas. Protagonista (2010)
 Frío súbito, de  Juan Serra Grupo5 Cine Protagonista. (2008)
 Biutiful, de Alejandro González Iñárritu. (2008)
 7 pasos y medio, de Lalo García. Iris Star (2008)
 Seguro en mi soledad,  de Manuel Mira. Happyprojects   Protagonista (2007)
 La mujer del anarquista, de Peter Sehr y Marie Noëlle. Zip Films. (2007)
 Actores frente a la cámara, de  Juan Serra. Grupo5Cine Protagonista. (2007)
 Destinos opuestos, de  Esther Requena.  R&B producciones (2006)
 Tuya siempre, de Manuel Lombardero.  Pastora Delgado (2006)
Cortos
 "Ma Belle" Antoni Caimari. Screen Art Films
 La paciencia del cazador Hermanos Prada. The Other Side Films
 Cuestión de huevos Elisabeth Almeda. Almatwins Productions
 Lo estipulado Hermanos Prada. The Other Side Films
 Jugamos? Elisabeth Almeda. Almatwins Productions
 Anna TV3.
 Canción de cuna Vladimir Vera. Producciones Mavareal. Sección Oficial Viart Venezuela
 Jugando con números. Jordi Pastor. Productora sis92. Secció Oficial del Sitges 09
 La victoria de Félix Jordi Pastor. Product Sis92. Premio Paul Naschy en Sitges 08
 Punto de no retorno Carlos de Cózar. MagnaFilms. Generalidad de Cataluña
 Jingle Bells   David Casademunt.
 Arte  ESCAC de Martí Lucas.
 Container David Muñoz.  Caixaforum. Festival Sitges 09
 Sin luz.  CCCB (Centre Cultura Contemporánea de Barcelona)
  Historia de una ilusión Lukas Romero. Premiado en el Festival Cinema Valencia
Alienada. Jose Luis Mora.

Teatro
 Agnus Dei David Fernández Troncoso
 Armario 27 José Luís Feliu y Manuela Luna
 Los Quintero en... David Fernández Troncoso
 Alfonsina, la muerte y el mar. Pedro Domínguez
 Animales Salvajes que requieren atención Cecilia Gessa
 Un negocio consentido, de Lita Echevarría
 El hombre de la mesa de al lado de Virginia Sánchez
 La curva, de Tankred Dorst
 Crisis. Existencial en héroes finitos, de Jose Luis Mora.
 Fantasmas en lucha, de Chuck Palahniuk (2011)
 El oso, de Chéjov y Solico en el mundo, de los Hermanos Álvarez Quintero (2009)
 Crónicas Palahniuk, de Chuck Palahniuk (2009)
 Arca 2012, de Tranxmuten (2009)
 Cartes d´amor, de A. R Gurney (2008)
 El viatge, de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán.(2008)
 La hostalera, de Carlo Goldoni (2007-2008)
 La mort i la donzella, de Ariel Dorfman (2006)
 La cacatua verda, de Arthur Schnitzler (2004-2005)
 El parany, de Robert Thomas(2001)
 Pop y patatas fritas, de Carmen Resino (2002)
 Materia reservada, de Hugh Whitemore (2000)
 El Fill de la Terra, de Comte Arnau de David Martínez (2000-2004)
 Grease, el Musical (1990-1991)

Premios

 Premio Mejor Actor Pandora, por Lo estipulado 2013.
 Premio Actor ITSCT Rossellini en A Corto di Lavoro II, Italia 2013.
 Premio Mejor Actor Festival Internacional de Cine de Castilla-La Mancha, por Lo estipulado 2012.
 Premio Mejor Actor Pandora, por Lo estipulado 2012.
 Premio Tespo "Actor mejor trayectoria 2008" por la Unió d´Actors de Catalunya 2009.
 Premio Tespo "Actor mejor cortometraje 2008" por La victoria de Félix. Unió d´Actors de Catalunya 2009
 Premio Paul Naschy en el Festival internacional de Catalunya (Sitges) 2008
 Mejor Actor de Película por Actores frente a la cámara, Festival de Cine del Masnou 2007.
 Mejor Actor de Película por Actores frente a la cámara, Festival de Cine  de Premiá de Mar 2007.

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial

(https://www.diariodesevilla.es/ocio/vayas-Alfonsina_0_1427557396.html)

Actores de cine de España
Actores de teatro de España

Javier Almeda


Udruga Arcadie, ili jednostavno Arcadie, bila je francuska homofilska organizacija koju je ranih 1950-ih osnovao André Baudry, bivši sjemeništarac i profesor filozofije. Od svog stvaranja sredinom 1950-ih do sredine 1970-ih, Arcadie je igrala dominantnu ulogu u životu francuskih homoseksualaca kao i politička i društvena organizacija.

Osnivanje
Udruga Arcadie osnovana je 1954. godine kao prva homofilska skupina u francuskoj povijesti. Cilj organizacije bio je "predstaviti homoseksualce kao ugledne, kulturne i dostojanstvene pojedince koji zaslužuju veću socijalnu toleranciju". Udruga Arcadie također je imala za cilj "educirati odrasle homofile, koji, preslabi i bez znanja, nisu mogli sami dostojanstveno živjeti" kroz društvene aktivnosti i putem svoje publikacije Revue Arcadie.

Revija Arcadie
Udruženje Arcadie započelo je s objavljivanjem književne kritike Arcadie: revue littéraire et scientifique, koja je postala najvažnija francuska homoseksualna publikacija svoga doba, u siječnju 1954. godine,  iako neki izvori tvrde da je objavljivanje započela 1957. godine. Tijekom svojih godina djelovanja, Arcadie je postala popularna među nizom istaknutih francuskih intelektualnih ličnosti; Jean Cocteau pridonio je crtežom dječaka prvom broju revije.  Revija Arcadie kontinuirano je izlazila do 1982. godine kada su zakoni koji se odnose na homoseksualno ponašanje bili identični onima koji se odnose na heteroseksualno ponašanje. Njegov naglasak na "dostojanstvu" i "uglednosti" doveo je Revue Arcadie da sve više odstupa od revolucionarnih homoseksualnih političkih organizacija koje traže građanska prava za homoseksualce i lezbijke u Francuskoj. Uvidjevši da poruka recenzije više nije djelotvorna u stvaranju društvenih promjena i vidjevši kako progresivnije organizacije osiguravaju prava homoseksualcima, urednici su odlučili prekinuti objavljivanje.

Klub Arcadie
Godine 1957. Club Arcadie osigurao je klupsku kuću u Parizu, iz koje je sponzorirao društvena okupljanja, razgovore i kulturne izlaske.

Klub se trudio predstaviti homoseksualce i lezbijke kao konvencionalne članove francuskog društva. Povjesničar Michael Sibalis opisuje uvjerenje grupe "da je javno neprijateljstvo prema homoseksualcima uglavnom nastalo njihovim nečuvenim i promiskuitetnim ponašanjem; homofili će pridobiti dobro mišljenje javnosti i vlasti pokazujući se diskretnima, dostojanstvenima, čestitima i uglednima." Kao takva, Arcadie je zabranila otvorene demonstracije romantične naklonosti poput ljubljenja na svom plesnom podiju.

U raznim točkama svoje povijesti, Arcadie je također sponzorirala aktivnosti u francuskim provincijama i u Belgiji. Klub Arcadie bio je poznat i kao Club littâeraire et scientifique des Pays Latins (CLESPALA) i Paris-Club.

Evolucija i rasformiranje
Club Arcadie raspao se 1982. godine, a objavljivanje Revue Arcadie završilo je nedugo nakon što su zakoni koji reguliraju homoseksualno ponašanje usklađeni sa zakonima koji reguliraju heteroseksualno ponašanje.

U posljednjem pismu čitateljima Arcadiea objavljenom u izdanju od 15. svibnja 1982., čelnici udruge objasnili su svoje razloge zatvaranja kluba i prestanka objavljivanja revije:

 [Arcadie], stvorena 1957. godine, odlučila je o svom raspuštanju tijekom generalne skupštine 13. svibnja. Ciljevi koje je svatko od nas postavio na stvaranje [Arcadie] bili su stalna briga tijekom njezinih dvadeset i pet godina djelovanja, i bez obzira na to što se dogodilo, uglavnom su zadržani. Vremena su se promijenila, previše, rekli bi neki. Bolna je izjava dana zadnjih mjeseci da se ovaj klub više nije mogao opravdavati, od vremena kada je postao prostor za užitak, neozbiljnost, a za premalo njih prostor za razmišljanje, uljudnost i poštovanje, i za prijateljstvo. Nije stvorena samo da bi se osiguralo bolje okruženje za jedinstvene vikend plesove. Takozvane kulturne aktivnosti su mrtve. Oni od vas u Parizu koji ovo čitate, štoviše, NISU NIŠTA održavali sudjelujući makar malo kroz vašu prisutnost... Ovaj svijet popustljivosti, neodgovornosti, neozbiljnosti, bezobrazluka - i homofilci su pobijedili rekorde u ovoj tužnoj domeni - razbija naše energije i čini nastavak aktivnosti koje više ne odgovaraju onima osnivača kluba potpuno uzaludnim.
 Gunther (2004)

Bibliografija

 Jablonski, Olivier. « Arkadija », Dictionnaire des culture gays et lesbiennes, Larousse, 2003.
 Jackson, Julian. « Arkadija : sens et enjeux de « l'homophilie »En Francuska, 1954. – 1982 », Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, br. 53-4, 2006.
 Jackson, Julian T. « Sur l'homosexualité en France au XXe siècle (entretien avec Hervé Baudry) », La Ligne d'ombre, br. 2, 2007.
 Jackson, Julian. « Arkadija », La vie homosexuelle en France, de l'après-guerre à la dépénalisation, Editions Autrement, Pariz, 2009.
 Miles, Christopher. « Arcadie, ou l'Nemoguće iden », La Revue h, br. 1, 1996.
 Miller, Neil. Iz prošlosti: Gay i lezbijska povijest od 1869. do danas. New York: Vintage Books, c1995.
 Sidéris, Georges. « Des folles de Saint-Germain-des-prés au fléau društveni », U Esther Benbassa et J.-C. Attias, La Haine de soi, Bruxelles, Complexe, 2000.

Daljnje čitanje
Julian Jackson, Život u Arcadiji: Homoseksualnost, politika i moral u Francuskoj od oslobođenja do AIDS-a, Sveučilište Chicago Press, 15. prosinca 2009.

Arhivski izvori

 Arcadie Records, 1956-1979 (0,2 kubika), smješteni su u Odjelu za rijetke i rukopisne zbirke Sveučilišne knjižnice Cornell.

Izvori

Pokret za prava LGBT osoba u Francuskoj
Udruge za zaštitu prava LGBT osoba

Arcadie


Susan Wong (chinois : 黄翠珊), né le  à Hong Kong, est une chanteuse hongkongaise.

Biographie
Wong immigre à Sydney, en Australie avec sa famille à l'âge de sept ans. Passionnée de musique dès son plus jeune âge, elle apprend à jouer du piano à cinq ans et plus tard le violon. À la Kambala School, elle chante alto dans la chorale et apparaît dans les représentations de théâtre de l'école et participe à plusieurs concours de piano. Elle obtient un diplôme associé en piano du Trinity College de Londres.

Sa première percée dans le monde de la musique a lieu à seize ans lorsque ses parents l'inscrivent à un concours de chant à Sydney organisé par TVB ; le gagnant se verra proposer un contrat d'enregistrement avec l'une des grandes sociétés de musique de Hong Kong. Elle remporte le concours et se rend à Hong Kong, où elle rencontre les producteurs de TVB qui veulent qu'elle signe avec l'un des labels de musique. Après de longues délibérations, elle décide qu'une carrière musicale ne lui convient pas à ce moment-là et retourne en Australie pour étudier à l'université.

Après avoir obtenu son diplôme universitaire et un Certified Public Accountant, elle vient à Hong Kong en 1997 pour aider à gérer l'entreprise comptable de sa famille. L'un de ses élèves de piano travaille pour un label indépendant de Hong Kong, Wong demande au patron si on cherche une chanteuse. Wong commence à enregistrer ses chansons anglaises préférées et réalise l'album Close To You en 2002.

Début 2007, Susan Wong signe un nouvel accord d'enregistrement avec Evolution Music Group, basé à Hong Kong, et sorti son premier album chez evosound en . La première sortie dans le cadre de cet accord, Someone Like You, est enregistrée à Nashville, aux États-Unis, et remporte un succès critique et commercial dans toute l'Asie du Sud-Est.

Wong enregistre son deuxième album, 511, pour le label evosound à Genève en Suisse avec le producteur Adrien Zerbini. Il contient des versions influencées par la bossa nova de chansons telles que Billie Jean et Everytime You Go Away.

De retour à Genève en 2010, Wong recommence à travailler avec le producteur Adrien Zerbini et le guitariste Ignacio Lamas. Les enregistrements se concentrent principalement sur de nouvelles interprétations acoustiques clairsemées de chansons pop classiques de la fin des années 1960 et du début des années 1970, notamment California Dreamin', The Sound of Silence et Have You Ever Seen the Rain?.

Cinq ans après sa première visite, Susan Wong retourne à Nashville pour enregistrer au Ocean Way Studio. Le projet My Live Stories sort en  puis le live DVD/Blu-ray en 2013.

En 2014, Wong sort son cinquième album studio, Woman in Love, qui est un hommage aux grandes chanteuses de ballades.

Discographie
Albums studio
 2002 : Close To You
 2004 : I Wish You Love
 2005 : These Foolish Things
 2005 : Just A Little Bossa Nova
 2006 : A Night At The Movies
 2007 : Someone Like You
 2009 : 511
 2010 : Step Into My Dreams
 2012 : My Live Stories
 2014 : Woman In Love
 2019 : Close to Me

Autres albums
 2006 : My Choice
 2008 : The Best Of
 2020 : Christmas Love To You EP

Liens externes

Notes et références

Source de la traduction

Chanteuse hongkongaise du XXIe siècle
Naissance en janvier 1970
Naissance à Hong Kong
Actrice hongkongaise

Susan Wong


Frances Elizabeth Bavier (14 de diciembre de 1902 – 6 de diciembre de 1989) fue una actriz teatral, cinematográfica y televisiva de estadounidense. Iniciada en el ambiente teatral de la ciudad de Nueva York, Bavier trabajó en el cine y la televisión a partir de la década de 1950. Hizo el papel de Tía Bee en The Andy Griffith Show y en Mayberry R.F.D. entre 1960 y 1970, ganando el Primetime Emmy a la mejor actriz de reparto - Serie de comedia por dicho papel en 1967.

Carrera inicial
Nacida en la ciudad de Nueva York, Bavier estudió en la Universidad de Columbia y en la American Academy of Dramatic Arts antes de dedicarse a la actuación. Al principio trabajó en el vodevil, y más tarde fue actriz teatral en el circuito de Broadway. Bavier actuó en más de una docena de películas, e interpretó diversos papeles de reparto para la televisión. Destacan sus actuaciones en la obra Point of No Return, junto a Henry Fonda, y su papel de Mrs. Barley en el clásico de 1951 The Day the Earth Stood Still. En 1957 encarnó a Nora Martin, madre de Eve Arden, en la serie de corta trayectoria The Eve Arden Show.

Bavier tuvo una relación de amor odio con su papel más famoso, el de la Tía Bee en The Andy Griffith Show. Como actriz neoyorquina, sentía que su talento era pasado por alto. Al mismo tiempo, interpretó a la Tía Bee durante ocho temporadas y fue la única persona que, formando parte del reparto original, continuó con la serie spin-off Mayberry R.F.D., emitida durante tres temporadas. Su interpretación le valió ganar el Primetime Emmy a la mejor actriz de reparto - Serie de comedia en 1967. La estrella del show, Andy Griffith, explicaba que los dos muchas veces discutían durante la producción del programa y que, poco antes de que ella falleciera, le llamó para disculparse por las dificultades que había ocasionado durante los rodajes.

Últimos años
En 1972, Bavier se retiró de la interpretación y compró una casa en Siler City (Carolina del Norte). Sin embargo, tuvo un breve retorno en 1974 participando en el film de carácter familiar Benji. Bavier nunca se casó, y no tuvo descendencia. Aunque difícil en sus relaciones personales, participó en actividades benéficas, promocionando actividades navideñas y cooperando con la organización Easter Seals desde su domicilio en Siler City.

Por motivos de carácter médico, Bavier hubo de renunciar a tomar parte del telefilm de 1986 Return to Mayberry, protagonizado por Andy Griffith.

Fallecimiento
El 22 de noviembre de 1989 Bavier ingresó en el Hospital Chatham. Sufría una dolencia cardiaca y un cáncer, y hubo de permanecer dos semanas en una unidad coronaria. Recibió el alta el 4 de diciembre de 1989 y falleció dos días después en su casa de Soler City a causa de un infarto agudo de miocardio. Frances Bavier fue enterrada en el Cementerio Oakwood de Siler City.

Filmografía

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Actrices de Nueva York
Actrices de cine de Estados Unidos
Actrices de teatro de Estados Unidos
Actrices de televisión de Estados Unidos
Alumnado de la Universidad de Columbia
Ganadores del Premio Emmy
Personas de Nueva York (estado)
Fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio
Nacidos en Nueva York

Frances Bavier


جيمي لين سبيرز (Jamie Lynn Spears؛ ولدت في 4 أبريل 1991) هي ممثلة أمريكية وأخت مغنية البوب الشهيرة بريتني سبيرز. أخذت دور البطولة في مسلسل «زوي 101» في قناة نيكولوديون.

أبرز الأعمال السينمائية
 «كل ذلك» (All That)
 «مفترق الطرق» (Crossroads)
 «زوي 101» (Zoey 101)
 «الآنسة المرشدة» (Miss Guided)
 «خرافات غير مستقرة» (Unstable Fables: Goldilocks & 3 Bears Show)

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من ماكومب
أمريكيون من أصل أيرلندي
أمريكيون من أصل إسكتلندي
أمريكيون من أصل إنجليزي
أمريكيون من أصل فرنسي
أمريكيون من أصل مالطي
الكنيسة المعمدانية من لويزيانا
الكنيسة المعمدانية من مسيسيبي
بروتستانت تحولوا إلى الكاثوليكية
رومان كاثوليك أمريكيون
كاثوليك من لويزيانا
كاثوليك من مسيسيبي
معتنقو الكاثوليكية
معمدانيون جنوبيون
مغنون أطفال أمريكيون
مغنون أمريكيون في القرن 21
مغنون من لويزيانا
مغنون من مسيسيبي
مغنون وكتاب أغاني كنتري أمريكيون
مغنيات أمريكيات في القرن 21
مغنيات كانتري أمريكيات
ممثلات أطفال أمريكيات
ممثلات أفلام أمريكيات
ممثلات أمريكيات في القرن 21
ممثلات تلفزيون أمريكيات
ممثلات من لويزيانا
ممثلات من ميسيسيبي
مواليد 1991

جيمي لين سبيرز


Lambert, Hendricks & Ross war ein von 1957 bis 1964 bestehendes Gesangstrio des Jazz, das zunächst aus Dave Lambert, Jon Hendricks und Annie Ross bestand. 1962 schied Annie Ross aus Gesundheitsgründen aus und wurde durch Yolande Bavan ersetzt, weshalb sie als Lambert, Hendricks & Bavan auftraten. Sie hatten in den 1950er und 1960er Jahren große Erfolge mit Stücken, in denen sie gesanglich Instrumentalsolos im Vocalese-Stil nachahmten.

Entwicklung der Gruppe
Dave Lambert hatte schon in den 1940er Jahren Erfahrungen als Sänger bei Gene Krupa und mit eigenen Gruppen (zeitweise mit Buddy Stewart) gesammelt, wobei er auch vom Bebop und später von King Pleasure (und über diesen von Eddie Jefferson) beeinflusst war. Ein weiteres Vorbild war die Four Brothers-Sektion der Woody Herman Band. 1950 gehörten für eine (unveröffentlichte) Aufnahmesitzung von Lou Williams John Hendricks und Annie Ross bereits zu den Dave Lambert Singers. 1955 nahm Hendricks mit den Dave Lambert Singers für eine Single die Titel Four Brothers (mit dem Text von Hendricks) und Cloudburst auf.

Lambert schloss sich mit Jon Hendricks Mitte der 1950er Jahre zusammen, um weitere Stücke im Vocalese-Stil zu schreiben. Es gelang ihnen, Creed Taylor, der damals für ABC-Paramount arbeitete, von dem Projekt zu überzeugen. 1957 tat er sich mit Jon Hendricks, den er seit 1950 kannte, und der Sängerin Annie Ross zu Lambert, Hendricks & Ross zusammen. Annie Ross hatte ebenfalls zuvor schon Jazzsolos im Vocalese Stil-interpretiert und gehörte auch 1953 für die Clef-Aufnahmesession Charlie Parkers ("In the Still of the Night"/"Old Folks") zu den Dave Lambert Singers.

Das Debütalbum des Vokaltrios war Sing a Song of Basie 1957 mit Basie-Stücken unterstützt von Nat Pierce und Basies Rhythmusgruppe. Im Debütalbum experimentierten Lambert und Hendricks erst mit zehn Background-Sängern, um im Vocalese mehr Instrumente der Big Band zu berücksichtigen, die jedoch zumeist keine Jazzerfahrung hatten. Aus Kostengründen griffen dann auf Overdubbing zurück, da das Ergebnis nicht zufriedenstellend war. Aus der Background-Gruppe behielten sie nur Annie Ross. Später verzichteten sie allerdings völlig auf das Overdubbing, das sich als so aufwändig erwies, dass Hendricks aufgrund des Stresses bei der Aufnahme des Debütalbums erkrankte.

Im folgenden Jahr folgte das Album Sing Along with Basie in direkter Zusammenarbeit mit dem Count Basie Orchestra, aufgenommen im Mai und September 1958 für die damalige Plattenfirma von Basie, Roulette Records. Während der Aufnahmen entstand mit einer moderneren Rhythmusgruppe eigene Versionen von Horace Silvers Doodlin' und von Milt Jacksons Spirit Feel, die United Artists als Single veröffentlichte. Als nächstes Album erschien 1959 The Swingers, das das Trio durchgängig mit moderneren Titeln präsentierte. Dieses Programm präsentierten Lambert, Hendricks & Ross im Sommer 1959 auf dem Newport Jazz Festival und führte zum Vertrag mit Columbia Records, der drei Alben umfasste. Bereits wenige Wochen später wurde damit begonnen, ihr nächstes, viertes Album einzuspielen, The Hottest New Group in Jazz, das 1960 auf den Markt kam. Das Trio wurde noch populärer und 1960 wiederum auf das Newport Jazz Festival eingeladen. 1960 ließen sie das Album Lambert, Hendricks & Ross Sing Ellington folgen, 1962 High Flying with Lambert, Hendricks & Ross .

Nach Ansicht von Will Friedwald schuf die Gruppe "einige der sensationellsten Vokal-Jazz-Stücke, die je gesungen wurden". Die Rollenverteilung in der Band war ihm zufolge recht festgelegt: "Lambert sorgte für den Sound, Hendricks schrieb die Texte und Annie Ross verlieh dem Ganzen Klasse und Erotik". Lambert dekonstruierte und arrangierte bestehende Bebop-Partituren von Woody Herman, Miles Davis, Horace Silver und anderen, während Hendricks neue Texte hinzufügte. Hendricks und Ross waren die Gesangsstars der Gruppe, aber gelegentlich stand auch Lamberts eher ungeschliffener Gesang im Mittelpunkt.

1959 bis 1963 führte das Trio den Leser-Poll von Down Beat als Vokalgruppe an und 1962 und 1963 auch den Kritiker-Poll. Lambert, Hendricks & Ross gingen mit Gildo Mahones als Klavierbegleiter auf Tournee, 1959 bis 1962 zusätzlich mit Ike Isaacs und Kahil Madi und später Jimmy Wormworth am Schlagzeug. Lambert, Hendricks und Bavan hatten neben Mahones George Tucker und Jimmie Smith als Begleiter. 1963 traten mit Lambert, Hendricks und Bavan auf dem Newport Jazz Festival auf und 1962 mit dem Brubeck-Armstrong Jazz-Musical The Real Ambassadors auf dem Monterey Jazz Festival (die Studioaufnahme entstand Ende 1961 noch mit dem ursprünglichen Trio). Von dem Auftritt in Newport existieren Filmaufnahmen, von dem in Monterey nicht. 1961 traten sie beim Jazzfestival von Antibes auf.

Nachdem Lambert 1964 das Trio verlassen hatte, wurde er zunächst durch Don Chastain ersetzt; das Ensemble löste sich aber bald darauf auf. Da Lambert bereits 1966 starb, gab es kein Comeback der Gruppe. Sie hatte aber großen Einfluss auf den späteren Jazzgesang, zum Beispiel bei Manhattan Transfer, für die Hendricks auch arrangierte, Les Double Six, Al Jarreau und Bobby McFerrin.

Diskographie

Alben von Lambert, Hendricks & Ross
 Sing a Song of Basie, ABC/Paramount 1957 (mit Nat Pierce (Klavier) und der Basie-Rhythmusgruppe Freddie Green, Eddie Jones, Sonny Payne; Aufnahmen 26. August bis 26. November 1957)
 Sing Along with Basie, Roulette 1958 (mit dem Count-Basie-Orchester und Joe Williams)
 The Swingers!, World Pacific 1959
 Lambert, Hendricks, & Ross! (The Hottest New Group In Jazz), Columbia 1960 (mit Harry Sweets Edison, Pony Poindexter, Ron Carter, mit Annie Ross' Interpretation von Wardell Grays Twisted, mit dem sie schon 1952 Erfolg hatte)
 Lambert, Hendricks & Ross Sing Ellington, Columbia 1960 (mit dem Ike Isaacs Trio)
 High Flying with Lambert, Hendricks & Ross (The Way-Out Voices of Lambert, Hendricks and Ross), Columbia 1962

Single von Lambert, Hendricks & Ross
Doodlin / Spirit Feel, United Artists 1958 (mit ihrer Version von Doodlin von Horace Silver)

Lambert, Hendricks & Ross als Side-Group
The Real Ambassadors, Columbia 1962 (Jazz-Musical mit Dave Brubeck und Louis Armstrong mit Bands, LHR singen darauf ebenso wie auch Carmen McRae)

Reissues (Auswahl)
 Everybody's Boppin, Columbia Jazz Masterpieces  (enthält The Hottest Group in Jazz und weitere Aufnahmen aus ihren beiden anderen Columbia-Alben)
 Lambert, Hendricks & Ross: The Early Years • 1954–59 Acrobat 2019 (enthält die ersten vier Alben vollständig und drei weitere Titel aus den Jahren 1955 bis 1959)

Alben von Lambert, Hendricks & Bavan
 Live At Basin Street East, RCA 1963 (Live-Album, im Basin Street East in New York City, mit Gildo Mahones, Klavier, Pony Poindexter, mit einer Version von Cousin Mary von John Coltrane und This Here von Bobby Timmons)
 At Newport '63, RCA 1963 (Live-Album, Newport Jazz Festival, 5. Juli 1963, mit Clark Terry, Coleman Hawkins, Gildo Mahones (Klavier), George Tucker (Bass), Jimmie Smith (Schlagzeug))
 Havin' a Ball at the Village Gate (Lambert, Hendricks and Bavan at the Village Gate), Bluebird 1964 (Live-Album im Village Gate, Dezember 1963, mit Booker Ervin, Thad Jones, Pony Poindexter)

Literatur
 Will Friedwald: Swinging Voices of America – Ein Kompendium großer Stimmen. Hannibal, St. Andrä-Wördern 1992. ISBN 3-85445-075-3.
 Gene Lees, Jon Hendricks: Lambert, Hendricks and Ross and how they grew, Down Beat, XXVI/19, 1959
 Leslie Gourse: Louis' Children: American Jazz Singers, New York 1984
 Barry Kernfeld (Herausgeber): The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, St. Martin's Press 1996

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise und Anmerkungen

Vokalensemble
Jazzband

Lambert, Hendricks & Ross


Ágrip af Nóregskonungasögum eller Ágrip er en kongesaga fra Norge. Den er skrevet på norrønt og er sammen med Historia Norvegiæ en af de synoptiske historier fra Norge.

Den bevarede tekst begynder med Hálfdan Svartes død (ca. 860) og slutter med Inge Krokrygg tiltrædelse som konge i 1136, men den originale version antages at have dækket en længere periode, sandsynligvis helt op til Sverre Sigurdssons regeringstid (1184– 1202). Sagaen blev skrevet af en norsk forfatter omkring år 1190. Det eneste bevarede eksemplar af manuskriptet er islandsk og stammer fra første halvdel af 1200-tallet. Det er skrevet på pergament og består af quire; en femte quire er tabt. Det første blad mangler ligeledes, og derfor er en eventuel titel ukendt. Navnet Ágrip af Nóregskonungasögum ("En synopsis over sagaerne om Norges konger") blev brugt i en udgave fra 1835.

Ágrip bliver ofte sammenlignet med to andre synoptiske norske historie fra samme periode, Historia Norvegiae og Theodoricus Monachus' manuskript. Den er nyskabende, da det er den første saga, der er skrevet i folkemundart. Ágrip er også den første af kongesagaerne, der citerer skjaldepoesi. Fortællingen er kort og meget mindre detaljeret end de senere kongesagaer som Fagrskinna og Heimskringla. Historien er mærkbart mere detaljeret i beskrivelser af begivenheder og steder i Trøndelag region og byen Nidaros. Sammen med sproglige faktorer er det set som et tegn på, at værket blev komponeret i Nidaros.

Ágrip er blevet oversat til dansk (1834), latin (1835), tysk (1929), nynorsk (1936) og engelsk (1995).

Referencer

Andre kilder
 Bjarni Einarsson (redaktør). Íslenzk fornrit XXIX : Ágrip af Nóregskonunga sǫgum : Fagrskinna - Nóregs konunga tal. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 1984.
 Driscoll, M. J. (redaktør og oversætter). Ágrip af Nóregskonungasǫgum. Viking Society for Northern Research Text Series 10. 2nd ed. 2008 (1995). Available online from the Viking Society for Northern Research.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Stutt ágrip af Noregs konúnga sögum Norrøn tekst
 Stutt ágrip af Noregs konúnga sögum samme tekst på en anden hjemmeside
 AM 325 II 4to  Information om manuskriptet

Nordisk litteratur fra middelalderen
Litteratur fra Island

Ágrip af Nóregskonungasögum


Marching for Liberty treći je studijski album mađarskog power metal sastava Wisdom. Album je 23. rujna 2013. godine objavila diskografska kuća Noise Art Records, dok ga je u Mađarskoj tjedan dana kasnije objavio Nail Records.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje
Wisdom
Gabor Nagy - vokali
Gabor Kovacs - gitara
Mate Bodor - gitara
Mate Molnar - bas-gitara
Balazs Agota - bubnjevi
Gostujući glazbenici
Fabio Lione - prateći vokal na "Marching for Liberty"
A la cARTe choir - zbor
Ostalo osoblje
Gabor Kovacs - producent, inženjer, mastering
Gabor Noniusz - inženjer
Gyula Havancsak - omot albuma
Wisdom photo studio - fotografija

Izvori

Albumi iz 2013.
Albumi sastava Wisdom

Marching for Liberty


Danmarksgade er en gade i Aalborg. Den er omkring 700 meter lang og løber parallelt med Limfjorden og blev navngivet 30. april 1877.

Danmarksgades tidlige historie
I årene 1874 til 1879 blev der opført en række arbejderboliger i Danmarksgade grundet gadens centrale placering. Arbejderboligerne blev opført af direktør Isidor Henius, men boligerne blev revet ned allerede i 1886 da der skulle skabes plads til flere herskabelig lejligheder.

I starten af det 20. århundrede lå der en maskinfabrik med navnet P.Ph. Stuhrs Maskinfabrik i Danmarksgade 14-16. I oktober 1907 flyttede tjenestepigernes forening ind i Danmarksgade 53 og foreningen startede et vaskeri i kælderen.

Kilder

Gader i Aalborg

Danmarksgade (Aalborg)


Praia do Porto (Barreiros)
 Praia do Porto (Imbituba)

Desambiguações de praias

Praia do Porto


An Steyerbromelia in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Steyerbromelia in nahilalakip ha familia nga Bromeliaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Steyerbromelia

Steyerbromelia


An Tillandsia magnispica in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Mario Adolfo Espejo Serna ngan López-ferr.. An Tillandsia magnispica in nahilalakip ha genus nga Tillandsia, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Tillandsia

Tillandsia magnispica