The Capital District, also known as the Capital Region and the endonym Capitaland, is the metropolitan area surrounding Albany, the capital of the U.S. state of New York. The Capital District was first settled by the Dutch in the early 17th century and came under English control in 1664. Albany has been the permanent capital of the state of New York since 1797. The Capital District is notable for many historical events that predate the independence of the United States, including the Albany Plan of Union and the Battles of Saratoga.

Etymology
The earliest known reference to the name "Capital District" stems from a Capital Police District that was created in the Albany area in the late 1860s.

In the 1910s, several economic and government organizations covering the area used "Capital District" in their name, such as the Capital District Conference of Charities and Corrections in 1913, the Capital District Life Underwriters Association also in 1913, and the Capital District Recreation League. The Capital District Recreation League, formed in 1916, proposed to create a Capital District Park in the area of the Shaker settlement.

Nicknames
Capitaland, Metroland, the Tri-City Area, and Tech Valley are nicknames sometimes used to refer to the Capital District. The region is often also called the 518 after the telephone area code that serves the Capital District.

The Capital District is a part of the area marketed under the name "Tech Valley" in recognition of the technology companies that have moved to the region. The 19-county Tech Valley region, which extends from the Canada–US border south to Orange County, is marketed by organizations such as the Tech Valley Chamber Coalition, the Albany-Colonie Regional Chamber of Commerce, and the Albany-based Center for Economic Growth. In 2011, New York launched a Regional Council initiative under which the "Capital Region" became the state's official name for the eight-county region consisting of 1.1 million people in Albany, Columbia, Fulton, Greene, Montgomery, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Warren and Washington counties.

History

First settlements

Permanent European claims and settlement began in 1609, when Henry Hudson sailed north up the Hudson River in the name of the Dutch. During the same year, Samuel Champlain explored south down Lake Champlain and Lake George in the name of France. Conflict soon ensued between the French and Dutch for control of the fur trade and both made alliances with different Native American tribes. In 1630, Kiliaen van Rensselaer founded the Manor of Rensselaerswyck, a Dutch patroonship in the area, which encompassed much of the area that is now the Capital District. In 1664, the English successfully conquered the Dutch while rivalry with the French continued. The Dutch, and then the English, maintained focus on settlement and farming while the French incursion into this area was limited to hunting for furs, trading with the natives, and building a few forts. Conflict arose when the French-built Fort Carillon and the British-built Fort William Henry near each other, both in order to control the route between the Hudson River Valley and the Champlain Valley.

Through the Dongan Charter, Governor Thomas Dongan granted Albany the right to purchase  in "Schaahtecogue" (today Schaghticoke, in Rensselaer County) and  at "Tionnondoroge" (today Fort Hunter, in Montgomery County). Arent van Curler founded Schenectady in 1662; Fort Saratoga was built at present-day Schuylerville in 1691; and Greenbush (present-day city of Rensselaer) was settled in the 1620s. South of Albany, settlement occurred quickly at first, but slowed as growth on the frontier pushed people north and west of Albany and left the southern reaches of the Capital District behind. Hudson, in Columbia County, was purchased from the natives in 1662 by Dutch farmers and speculators but did not see actual settlement and growth until 1783 when New Englanders, mainly from southeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, arrived. It was chartered as a city in 1785, becoming only the third city in the state.

The French and Indian War saw several major battles in the Capital District, including at the aforementioned forts. In the end, the French were defeated, freeing the land for further settlement to the west and north of Albany. During the American Revolution the area again saw fighting and Fort Ticonderoga experienced notable action. The Battle of Saratoga, which took place in the present-day town of Stillwater, is considered the turning point of the war. In 1776, General Philip Schuyler built a small fleet of ships at Whitehall. They were used by Benedict Arnold in the Battle of Valcour Island. The event led to Whitehall's modern-day claim to be the birthplace of the United States Navy.

After the Revolution, settlements continued to proliferate west and north of the Albany area. North of Albany, along the river, settlements grew quickly: Waterford (oldest continuously incorporated village in the US, incorporated in 1794), Troy (settled in 1787, chartered as a village 1801, city in 1816), Lansingburgh (a village in 1763, annexed to Troy in 1900), and Watervliet (settled in 1643 and incorporated as a village in 1836 as West Troy, city in 1897). West from Schenectady, land purchases in the 1750s led to settlements at Fonda and Fultonville in Montgomery County, but land purchases elsewhere, such as at Gloversville in Fulton County did not see settlement until the end of the 18th century when the Iroquois threat had been eliminated by the Sullivan Expedition in 1779, which came as retaliation for the Cherry Valley Massacre in nearby Otsego County.

Creation of the counties

The entire area of the Capital District was within the original boundaries of Albany County as established by the Province of New York on November 1, 1683; it was one of the original 12 counties. In 1772, Charlotte County and Tryon County were both formed from parts of Albany County. Charlotte County was renamed Washington County in 1784, and from part of that, Warren County was created in 1813. Tryon County was renamed Montgomery County in 1784, and from part of that, Fulton County was created in 1838. Tryon County was large: it encompassed the lands from five miles (8 km) west of Schenectady to the western indeterminate boundary of the Province of New York.

What remained of Albany County in 1774 became the most populated county in the state with a population of 42,921 and it continued to be the most populous county until at least 1790, when the population was 75,921. Albany lost population as new counties were created from within: Columbia County was created in 1786; Rensselaer and Saratoga counties were formed in 1791; Schoharie County was created in 1795 from parts of both Albany and Otsego counties (Otsego having been created from part of Montgomery County in 1791); Greene County was formed in 1800 from parts of both Albany and Ulster counties; Schenectady County was created in 1809; and Warren County was formed in 1813 from Washington County. Fulton County was the last county in the Capital District to be formed. A graphical representation of the county breakup timeline can be seen below.

Urbanization and transportation

The Champlain and Erie canals were opened in 1823, and 1825, respectively. Their completion connected the area to the Great Lakes and Saint Lawrence River, leading to a large influx in industrialization and immigration. Shortly after the completion of the canals, in 1831, the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad Company (M&H) built the Albany and Schenectady Railroad between those two cities. This was the first railway in the state. Railroads, like the plank/post roads and canals before them, made Albany an even more important transportation hub. In 1853 Erastus Corning consolidated 10 railroads stretching from Albany to Buffalo as the New York Central Railroad, headquartered in Albany until Cornelius Vanderbilt took over in 1867 and moved the company to New York City.

Industry consequently became prominent in the area. Gloversville was labeled the "headquarters of the glove and mitten industry" and became the preeminent glove-manufacturing and leather-working region in New York. Cohoes became known as the "Spindle City" for its large cotton mills, due mainly to Harmony Mills, the largest cotton mill complex in the world when it opened in 1872. Troy became famous for its iron works due to Burden Iron Works, though later Troy would earn the nickname of "Collar City" due to Cluett, Peabody & Co., which made Arrow brand shirts at the largest collar, cuff, and shirt factory in the world at the time. In 1887 Thomas Edison moved his Edison Machine Works to Schenectady, and in 1892 Schenectady became the headquarters of the General Electric Company (GE). Schenectady Locomotive Works, along with seven other locomotive manufacturers, merged in 1901 and the American Locomotive Company (ALCO) was formed and headquartered in Schenectady. Due to the dominance of GE and ALCO in their respective industries, Schenectady would gain the nicknames of "Electric City" and "The City that Lights and Hauls the World". The nature of this industry lent itself to the creation of many labor-saving inventions, such as the horseshoe machine of Henry Burden, the pre-shrinking fabric machines of Sanford Cluett, the power knitting loom of Timothy Bailey, the railroad air-brake of George Westinghouse, and the hundreds of electricity-related improvements of General Electric Company scientists.

Rise of the suburbs and urban decline and renewal
Starting with the 1980 U.S. Census, Albany posted a decline in population until the 2000 U.S. Census. Meanwhile, the suburbs saw an influx in population and grew at the expense of the city of Albany. There were many causes to this, including the building of interstates and other highways allowing for more commuting, lack of available suitable land within the urban centers, and the subsequent location of shopping centers following the people to the suburbs.

The decline of exporting from the United States contributed to a general decline as well. Watervliet, Cohoes, and especially Troy lost a competitive edge that came with being at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers: the location no longer meant better access to markets, waterfalls no longer made the cheapest power, and cheap labor in the southern and western parts of the nation became important to companies. General Electric moved part of their headquarters to Connecticut from Schenectady in the mid-1980s. Within the Capital District focus shifted to the suburbs. The suburbs had large open spaces for office parks and homes while the cities were constrained in available land. Albany International, with their headquarters and factory straddling the Menands and Albany border, built a new headquarters in 1987 in suburban East Greenbush, as did Garden Way, headquartered in Troy. The region's first technology park was built in the 1980s in North Greenbush by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI).

Not only was there a shift in population to the suburbs, a shift in retail shopping occurred as well.  Retail sales in the cities declined a percent between 1972 and 1987, while having increased 63 percent in the suburbs. Although it was, and still is, within the city limits of Albany, Westgate Plaza opened in 1957 as the area's first "suburban"-style shopping center.  Two years later, Stuyvesant Plaza was built outside Albany, in the neighboring town of Guilderland. 1966 saw the opening of the area's first enclosed shopping mall, Colonie Center in Colonie, which drew shoppers from hundreds of miles away.  Both Macy's, which up until this time only had locations in the New York City area, and Sears originally wanted to build stores in downtown Albany, but chose to move into suburban Colonie Center after having encountered interference from Albany's Mayor Corning.

Several more enclosed malls were built in the area after Colonie Center's debut, all outside Albany limits: Mohawk Mall in Niskayuna in 1970, Aviation Mall in Queensbury in 1975, Clifton Park Center in Clifton Park in 1976 (originally known as Clifton Country Mall), Rotterdam Square outside Schenectady in 1988, and the Wilton Mall at Saratoga in Wilton, in 1990. The first mall built within a downtown area was completed in 1977 as the Amsterdam Mall in Amsterdam.  In 1979, the Uncle Sam Atrium opened in downtown Troy and, in 1986 Cohoes Commons opened in Cohoes, but by 2000 was nearly empty and is now office space. Crossgates Mall, a large upscale mall built in Guilderland in 1984, is now the fourth-largest mall in New York state. A modern expansion of Crossgates Mall in 1994 attracted luxury retailer Lord & Taylor as an anchor, as well as another Macy's to the area.

Capitalizing on young professionals' growing interest in living in walkable urban downtowns, the City of Albany has countered the shift to the suburbs with an apartment building boom. The effort to bring more residents to downtown Albany began gaining momentum in 1996 through the creation of the Albany Business Improvement District. Since 2002, the Capitalize Albany Corp. has been fueling the downtown residential strategy by allocating resources to building owners, developers and investors. In the early 2000s, the effort started with a series of small luxury apartment projects on Albany's North Pearl and State Streets and later expanded to several major developments both in downtown and just beyond it. Those major projects include: the conversion of a vacant industrial building into the 42-unit Monroe Apartments in 2012; the redevelopment of the former arcade building on Broadway into a 60-unit complex; and the $80 million redevelopment of the former Knickerbocker News building into The Knick, a 132-apartment complex in 2019. By 2020, more than $110 million in downtown investments had supported the completion of 650 residential units had been completed in Albany and 400 more were in development.

Other Capital Region cities have also similarly pursued downtown revitalization efforts. In the 20 years since its creation in 1998, Schenectady's Metroplex Development Authority leveraged $249 million in sales tax revenues and grants to support 700 projects with a value of $1.3 billion and 8,000 jobs. Glens Falls was the winner of the Capital Region city to be awarded $10 million through Gov. Andrew Cuomo's Downtown Revitalization Initiative (DRI) in 2017. Subsequent $10 million DRI winners have included Hudson and Albany. In the city of Saratoga Springs, there was a 1,352, or 11.7 percent, increase in housing units between 2000 and 2010.

Geography

According to the Albany Times Union, the Capital District includes 11 counties: Albany, Columbia, Fulton, Greene, Montgomery, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Warren, and Washington. The lower part of the Capital District is sometimes considered to be part of the Hudson Valley. The map in the infobox at the top of this page highlights those 11 counties. However, the Empire State Development Corporation (ESDC) asserts that the Capital District consists of only eight counties (the counties of Fulton, Montgomery, and Schoharie are not included). The ESDC's definition of the Capital District is reflected in the map below the infobox, which is marked "Regions of New York". This page will utilize the Times Union's definition unless otherwise indicated.

The 11 counties of the Capital District are divided into 13 cities and 143 towns, with 62 villages that are inside one or more towns. One village, Green Island, is coterminous with its town.

The Capital District encompasses parts of the southern and southeastern Adirondacks to the northern parts of its limits.

Location

Climate

The Capital District has a humid continental climate, with cold, snowy winters, and hot, wet summers. The region stands at a temperate sweet spot in New York State, annually receiving on average much less snow than other upstate metro areas and much less precipitation than downstate cities. For example, between 1980 and 2010, the 25-mile area around Albany on average received 60.3 inches of snow. That was 105 percent less snow than the same sized area around Syracuse received, 65 percent less than the Rochester area, 57 percent less than the Buffalo area and 38 percent less than the Binghamton area. During the same period, the Albany area averaged received 39.35 inches of rain. That was 18 percent less rain than the Poughkeepsie area, 25 percent less rain than the Westchester area and 18 percent less rain than the Islip area.

Albany receives around 36.2 inches of rain per year, with 135 days of at least .01 inches of precipitation. Snowfall is significant, totaling about 63 inches annually, but with less accumulation than the lake-effect areas to the north and west, being far enough from Lake Ontario. The core of the region is however, close enough to the coast to receive heavy snow from Nor'easters, and the region gets the bulk of its yearly snowfall from these types of storms. The region also occasionally receives Alberta clippers. Mohawk–Hudson convergence occasionally prolongs snowfall events in the Capital District, where precipitation has ended elsewhere across the region.

Albany receives on average per year 69 sunny days, 111 partly cloudy days, and 185 cloudy days; and an average, over the course of a year, of less than four hours of sunshine per day, with just over an average of 2.5 hours per day over the course of the winter. The chance during daylight hours of sunshine is 53%, with the highest percentage of sunny daylight hours being in July with 64%, and the lowest month is November with 37%.

Cityscape

Architecture

The Capital District, having a history of settlement stretching back 400 years, has had many different architectural styles built over the years. Early Dutch farmhouses are still standing in the rural towns, especially west of Albany, such as the Mabee House. The Van Ostrande-Radliff House (1728) in Albany and the Rosa House in Schenectady (before 1700) are the oldest houses in each city. In 1885 American Architect and Building News, a magazine with national circulation, polled its readers asking what the nation's Top Ten most beautiful buildings were. Two buildings in the city of Albany made the list: Albany City Hall and the New York State Capitol; both finished in 1883 and designed by Henry Hobson Richardson.

Troy has many distinctive features in architecture that sets it apart, such as its ornamental ironwork, cast-iron storefronts such as the Arts Center of the Capital Region, and the abundance of windows by Tiffany such as St. John's Episcopal Church, Troy Public Library, and St. Paul's Episcopal Church. The Capital District also has a large selection of brownstone buildings especially in the Center Square neighborhood of Albany and the Washington Park neighborhood in Troy. Washington Park in Troy is one of only two privately owned urban ornamental parks in the state.

Schenectady's Stockade neighborhood has representations of residential architecture from all periods in its 300-year history including Dutch, Federal, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, and Victorian. Also in Schenectady is the GE Realty Plot built by General Electric as homes for their employees, the houses are in revival styles such as Tudor, Georgian, Queen Anne, Dutch Colonial, and Spanish Colonial. The first all electric house was built by GE in the Realty Plot to showcase its products. In Albany's Pine Hills neighborhood is a style of residential architecture that is rare in the rest of the Capital District, bungalows in the Spanish revival style, with red tile roofs and stucco walls, only 27 still exist and are the remnants of the Winchester Gables development.

Festivals

One of the largest events in the Capital District is the Tulip Fest held in Albany every spring at Washington Park. The tradition stems from when Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd got a city ordinance passed declaring the tulip as Albany's official flower on July 1, 1948. In addition, he sent a request to Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands to name a variety as Albany's tulip. On July 11, 1948, her reply was "Her Majesty gladly accepts the invitation to designate a tulip as the official flower of Albany." She picked the variety "Orange Wonder", a bronzy orange shaded scarlet. The first Tulip Fest was celebrated the next year on May 14, 1949, with opening ceremonies still carried on today as tradition, such as the sweeping of State Street and the crowning of a Tulip Queen. The African-American tradition of Pinksterfest, whose origins are traced back even further to Dutch festivities, was later incorporated into the Tulip Fest. Attendance to the festival in 2010 was approximately 80,000.

The largest Flag Day parade in the United States had been held every year in Troy until 2017. The 42nd annual parade in 2009 is along a two-mile (3 km) long route. First Night celebrations are held in Saratoga Springs, while in 2006 Albany decided to eliminate its First Night celebrations in favor of a new "Albany WinterFestival" (WinterFest).

Other major festivals in the Capital District include ethnic festivals. The Albany LatinFest, which has been held since 1996, drew 10,000 people to Washington Park in 2008. In Schenectady the growing Guyanese community has celebrated the Guyanese Family Fun Day for several years in that city's Central Park. PolishFest is a three-day celebration of Polish culture in the Capital District, held in the town of Colonie for the past eight years.

Entertainment

The Capital District has many enclosed malls that are regional malls (malls over ), and two that are classified as super-regional malls (malls with over ). Crossgates Mall in Guilderland and Colonie Center in Colonie are the two super-regional malls.

During the winter months the Capital District has many places to go for such cold-weather activities as skiing, snowboarding, tubing, ice fishing, snowshoeing, snowmobiling, and ice climbing. Some downhill ski centers include West Mountain and Gore Mountain in Warren County, Maple Ski Ridge in Schenectady County, Willard Mountain in Washington County, Windham Mountain and Hunter Mountain in Greene County. In addition to downhill skiing most also have cross-country skiing trails as well. There are also cross-country trails at the state parks in the area, the Schenectady County Forest in Duanesburg and Pine Ridge XC Ski Area in Rensselaer County. There are over  of official trails for snowshoeing at the Albany Pine Bush Preserve.

Lake George also has an annual winter carnival every weekend in February.

Culture and contemporary life

Culture

Albany consistently ranks high on lists of top cities/metro areas for culture, such as being 23rd in the book Cities Ranked & Rated. Albany ranked 12th among large metro areas and Glens Falls ranked 12th among the small metro areas in Sperling's Best Places; and Expansion Management (a monthly business magazine) gave the Albany-Schenectady-Troy area five Stars, its highest ranking, for quality of life features. The Capital District has many museums, historical sites, art galleries, and festivals that stretch back to the 17th century. The Capital District has been pivotal in the history of Santa Claus in the United States, including the first written reference to Santa (Sinterclaas) in 1675 and the first publishing of 'Twas the Night before Christmas in 1823.

Cuisine

The Capital District has been the birthplace of several important foods in American food culture. Potato chips were invented by African-American/Native American chef George Crum, at the Moon Lake Lodge's restaurant in Saratoga Springs. The club sandwich was also invented in Saratoga Springs, at the Saratoga Club-house, today the Canfield Casino, in 1894. Pie à la Mode was first made at the Cambridge Hotel in Cambridge, Washington County in the 1890s.

Sturgeon in the Hudson River was once so plentiful that the fish was referred to as "Albany beef".

Sports

Since 1988, the Siena College men's basketball team (the Siena Saints) have appeared in six NCAA Tournaments (1989, 1999, 2002, 2008, 2009, and 2010), while their crosstown rivals, the Great Danes of the University at Albany (SUNY) have appeared five times 2006, 2007, 2013, 2014 and 2015.

Union College won the NCAA Division 1 National Championship in 2014 in men's college hockey, while its rival, RPI, brought home the title in 1985 and 1954.

Professional teams
 Albany Empire (Arena Football League)
 Albany Legends (International Basketball League)
 Tri-City ValleyCats (Frontier League, independent baseball league; 2010, 2013, 2018 New York–Penn League Champions)
 New York Buzz (World Team Tennis)

Economy

The economy of the Capital District is heavily anchored by the state government. There have traditionally been three legs holding up the region's economy: State government, health care, and education. Albany has the fourth-highest amount of lawyers in its employment pool (7.5 lawyers per 1,000 jobs) in the nation, behind Washington, D.C.; Trenton, New Jersey; and New York City, respectively. Many important regional and national banks are headquartered in the area.

Tech Valley

Since the 2000s, the economy of the Capital District has been redirected toward high technology. Tech Valley is a marketing name for the eastern part of New York State, encompassing the Capital District and the Hudson Valley. Originated in 1998 to promote the greater Albany area as a high-tech competitor to regions such as Silicon Valley and Boston, it has since grown to represent the counties in the Capital District and extending to IBM's Westchester County plants in the south and the Canada–US border to the north. The area's high technology ecosystem is supported by technologically focused academic institutions including Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the State University of New York Polytechnic Institute. Tech Valley encompasses 19 counties straddling both sides of the Adirondack Northway and the New York Thruway, and with heavy state taxpayer subsidy, has experienced significant growth in the computer hardware side of the high-technology industry, with great strides in the nanotechnology sector, digital electronics design, and water- and electricity-dependent integrated microchip circuit manufacturing. In April 2021, GlobalFoundries, a company specializing in the semiconductor industry, moved its headquarters from Silicon Valley, California to its most advanced semiconductor-chip manufacturing facility in Saratoga County, New York near a section of the Adirondack Northway, in Malta, New York.

Fueled by its urban counties (Albany, Schenectady, Rensselaer, Saratoga), the region is one of only 51 metros in the nation where businesses annually spend more than $1 billion on R&D. A substantial amount of those expenditures are in the field of semiconductor research, so much so that 1,404 semiconductor device-related patents awarded by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in 2019 listed an inventor in the eight-county Capital Region – more than any other state in the nation except California and excluding the whole of New York.

Demographics
The Capital District is New York's most affluent metro area outside the New York City metropolitan area.  Median household income was roughly $86,787 in 1999 and its educational attainment profile, with 28 percent of adults having a college degree, is slightly above state average and well-above the national average.

Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas

The Albany-Schenectady-Troy NY Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget. The MSA includes Albany, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, and Schoharie counties; this area makes up a large portion of the Capital District. As of the 2020 census, the Albany-Schenectady-Troy MSA had a population of 899,262.

Combined Statistical Area
The Albany-Schenectady NY Combined Statistical Area (CSA) includes 10 of the 11 counties in the Capital District (excluding only Greene County). The Albany-Schenectady-Troy NY Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) combines with the Glens Falls MSA (consisting of Warren and Washington counties) and three Micropolitan Statistical Areas to make up the Albany-Schenectady NY Combined Statistical Area (CSA). The three Micropolitan Statistical Areas within the CSA are the Gloversville (μSA) (formed in 1990), which consists of Fulton County; the Amsterdam μSA (also formed in 1990), which consists of Montgomery County; and the Hudson μSA (also formed in 1990), which consists of Columbia County.

As of the 2020 U.S. census, the Albany-Schenectady NY Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,190,727. Adding the 2020 population of Greene County (47,931) to the population of the CSA (1,190,727) yields a total 2020 Capital District population of 1,238,658.

Congressional representation

The Capital District contains portions of three congressional districts: New York's 19th, 20th, and 21st congressional districts. As of 2023, those three districts are represented by Marc Molinaro (R) (19th district), Paul Tonko (D) (20th district) and Elise Stefanik (R) (21st district), respectively.

Education

School districts

In Albany, Rensselaer, Saratoga, and Schenectady counties there are 54 public school districts, each of which is under the umbrella of one of four Boards of Cooperative Educational Services (BOCES) in the area: Capital Region BOCES, Questar III (Rensselaer-Columbia-Greene BOCES), Washington-Saratoga-Warren-Hamilton-Essex BOCES, or Hamilton-Fulton-Montgomery BOCES. Some of these districts cross county borders since school district boundaries are independent of town and county borders. The smallest district by student enrollment is North Greenbush Common School District, with 20 students in 2006 and the largest school district is Shenendehowa Central School District, with 9,745 students in the end of the 2008 school year. According to Niche.com and U.S. News & World Report, Shaker High School in Latham, Niskayuna Central High School in Schenectady and Bethlehem Central Senior High School in Delmar are the highest ranked public high schools in the Capital District.

Colleges and universities

The largest educational institution in the Capital District is the University at Albany, one of the four major university centers of the State University of New York.

Founded in 1795, Union College was the alma mater of President Chester A. Arthur.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy is the oldest continuously existing technical university in the English-speaking world.

Transportation

Albany has long been at the forefront of transportation technology from the days of turnpikes and plank roads to the Erie Canal, from the first passenger railroad in the state to the oldest municipal airport in the nation. Today, Interstates, Amtrak, and the Albany International Airport continue to make the Capital District a major crossroads of the Northeastern United States.

Interstate and other major highways

East-west Interstate 90 (I-90) and north–south Interstate 87 (I-87) meet at Exit 24 of the Thomas E. Dewey New York State Thruway in the Capital District. Exit 24 is the busiest exit on the Thruway. I-87 parallels the much older US Route 9W south of Albany and US Route 9 north and I-90 parallels New York State Route 5 west from Albany; all three highways are still important for local and regional traffic despite the proximity of the Interstates.

Mass transit

The four core counties of the Capital District are served by buses of the Capital District Transportation Authority, which has transit hubs in the three principal cities of Albany, Schenectady, and Troy. There is also express bus service between Saratoga Springs and Albany. The CDTA serves a large part of Albany, Rensselaer, and Schenectady counties. The city of Mechanicville, Saratoga County runs a public transit service on four routes which cover the city and the surrounding suburbs in the towns of Stillwater and Halfmoon in Saratoga County and the hamlet of Hemstreet Park in the town of Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County. Greater Glens Falls Transit (GGFT) serves Bolton Landing (May to October), Glens Falls, Hudson Falls, Fort Edward, Lake George, Queensbury, and South Glens Falls. Gloversville Transit System (GTS) serves Gloversville, Johnstown, and Johnstown.

Cities with intercity bus service to outside the region

 Albany: Greyhound Lines, Trailways, and Peter Pan Bus Lines buses all serve a downtown terminal. Chinatown bus lines leave from Central Avenue with service to Chinatown, Manhattan.
 Schenectady: Greyhound and Trailways serve a downtown terminal on State Street.
 Glens Falls: Greyhound and Trailways serve a downtown terminal.
 Gloversville: Greyhound and Trailway serve a downtown terminal on West Fulton Street.
 Saratoga Springs: Greyhound
 Rensselaer: Megabus operates regular service from the Albany-Rensselaer Train Station to New York City and Ridgewood, New Jersey

Airports

Nine of the 11 counties in the Capital District make up the Upper Hudson Region as defined by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In 1978 the FAA assigned the Capital District Regional Planning Commission to be responsible for this region's aviation system planning and to provide technical assistance. The Upper Hudson Region has 26 airports open to public use, with 13 designated as system airports. Those 13 airports are:

 Albany International Airport in Colonie, Albany County, the only commercial service airport;
 Schenectady County Airport in Glenville, Schenectady County;
 Saratoga County Airport in Milton, Saratoga County;
 Columbia County Airport in Columbia County;
 Fulton County Airport in Johnstown, Fulton County;
 Freehold Airport in Greenville, Greene County;
 South Albany Airport in Bethlehem, Albany County;
 Rensselaer County Airpark in Poestenkill, Rensselaer County;
 Duanesburg Airport in Duanesburg, Schenectady County;
 Burello-Mechanicville Airport in Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County;
 Plateau Sky Ranch in Edinburg, Saratoga County;
 Sharon Airport in Sharon, Schoharie County;
 Maben Airport in Prattsville, Greene County.

Rail

Amtrak has several routes servicing the stations of the Capital District. The Adirondack (north to Montreal, Quebec and south to the city of New York), Empire Service (west to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, south to New York), Ethan Allen Express (northeast to Burlington, Vermont and south to New York), Maple Leaf (west to Toronto and south to New York), Berkshire Flyer (east to Pittsfield and south to New York), and the Lake Shore Limited (at Albany-Rensselaer separate routes from Boston and New York merge to one train west to Chicago, on way east one train splits to two, one east to Boston another south to New York). Amtrak stations in the region are:

 Albany-Rensselaer station in Rensselaer County
 Schenectady station in Schenectady County
 Saratoga Springs station in Saratoga County
 Fort Edward station in Washington County
 Hudson station in Columbia County
 Amsterdam station in Montgomery County
 Whitehall station in Washington County

References

External links

 Albany Colonie Regional Chamber of Commerce
 Capital-Saratoga Region Tourist Information
 Capital District regional tourism
 TechValley.org
 Capital District Regional Planning Commission
 Capital District Transportation Authority
 Times Union list of notable residents

Upstate New York

Capital District (New York)


Fra New Yorks Underverden (Originaltitel Thunderbolt) er en amerikansk kriminalfilm instrueret af Josef von Sternberg og havde George Bancroft i hovedrollen.
Filmen fortæller historien om en kriminel på dødsgangen, der ønsker at slå manden i nabocellen ihjel for at være forelsket i hans tidligere kæreste.

Manuskriptet blev skrevet af Herman J. Mankiewicz, Joseph L. Mankiewicz og Josef von Sternberg basert på en historie af Jules and Charles Furthman.
Bancroft blev nomineret til en Oscar for bedste mandlige hovedrolle.

Referencer

Eksterne Henvisninger

Amerikanske film fra 1929
Sort-hvide film fra USA
Engelsksprogede film
Dramafilm fra USA

Fra New Yorks Underverden


MSBA is a four-letter initialism standing for:

Master of Science in Business Analytics
Master of Science in Business Administration is dual degree option which enables students to combine the MS program with the MBA program. See Master of Science or Master of Business Administration.
 Medway and Swale Boating Association, and association the exits to promote and protect boating on the tidal Medway and Swale
Minnesota State Bar Association, the state bar in Minnesota
Metropolitan Suburban Bus Authority, now known as Nassau Inter-County Express, a bus operator in Nassau County, New York

MSBA


Mpemba-hrif er hrif þar sem heitt vatn frýs hraðar en kalt vatn. Hrifið er nefnt eftir Erasto Bartholomeo Mpemba sem enduruppgötvaði hrifið.

Saga
Elstu heimildirnar um að að heitt vatn frýs hraðar en kalt vatn eru frá heimspekinginum Aristóteles, um árið 350 f.kr. Á 13. öld benti svo Roger Bacon á skrif Aristótelesar. Svipuð dæmi má sjá í ritum René Descartes og Francis Bacon frá upphafi 17. aldar og Joseph Black og Georg Christoph Lichtenberg frá 18. öld.

Fyrirbærið fékk þó ekki mikla athygli þangað til að Mpemba (þá 13 ára) hélt því fram að heit mjólk frysi hraðar en köld mjólk. Hann uppgötvaði það þegar hann bjó til mjólkurís í skólanum Magamba Secondary School í Tansaníu. Þegar hann var nemandi við Mkwawa High School kom Denis Gordon Osborne, prófessor í eðlisfræði í heimsókn til skólans og Mpemba spurði hann af hverju 100 °C heitt vatn frís hraðar en 35 °C heitt vatn. Osborne svaraði að hann vissi það ekki en hann lofaði að prófa þetta sjálfur. Tæknimaður Osbornes endurtók tilraunina og Osborne birti niðurstöðurnar ásamt Mpemba 1969.

Tenglar

 Hvort frýs heitt eða kalt vatn hraðar? í Vísindavefnum

Heimildir

Tilvísanir

Eðlisfræði
Varmafræði

Mpemba-hrif


Iñaki Cañal Garcia, né le  à Gijón, est un athlète espagnol, spécialiste du 400 mètres.

Biographie
En mars 2022, il remporte la médaille d'argent du relais 4 × 400 mètres à l'occasion des championnats du monde en salle de Belgrade.

Palmarès

Records

Notes et références

Liens externes

Sprinteur espagnol
Coureur de 400 mètres
Naissance en septembre 1997
Naissance à Gijón

Iñaki Cañal


Torysa este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Sabinov din regiunea Prešov. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 1.544 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Torysa este atestată documentar din 1265.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Torysa, Slovacia


La Coupe du monde de snowboard 2005-2006 est la  de la Coupe du monde de snowboard organisée par la Fédération internationale de ski. Elle débute le  à Valle Nevado au Chili et se termine le  à Furano au Japon. Les Suisses Daniela Meuli et Simon Schoch remportent les classements généraux.

Déroulement de la compétition
La saison se déroule du  au , en dix-neuf étapes répartis sur onze pays et quatre continents. Les étapes sont communes au femmes et aux hommes qui participent à des épreuves similaires aux mêmes dates, à l'exception du big air réservé au hommes (les femmes n'y accéderont qu'à partir de la saison 2014-2015) : Snowboard cross, courses parallèles et half-pipe. Après annulations et reports il y a un total de trente épreuves féminines et trente-cinq masculines (avec cinq big airs donc). La saison est interrompue en février pour laisser place aux Jeux olympiques de Turin.

Après une saison 2004-2005 où le classement général n'a pas été comptabilisé, les gros globes sont de nouveaux décernées. Chez les femmes la championne en titre, la Française Julie Pomagalski termine à la seconde place, détrôné par la Suisse Daniela Meuli grâce à sa domination en parallèle. Elle devient la première Suisse à remporter le classement général de Snowboard. C'est sa compatriote Manuela Pesko qui complète le podium, mais à bonne distance des deux premières. Chez les hommes le Suisse Simon Schoch, lui aussi spécialiste des épreuves parallèles, met fin à l'hégémonie du canadien Jasey Jay Anderson qui avait remporté mes quatre derniers gros globes, de 2001 à 2004. Une histoire de famille puisque que Simon est secondé par son frère Philipp au classement général, le canadien ne terminant finalement « que » troisième. À noter que comme sa compatriote Daniela Meuli, Simon Schoch est le premier snowboardeur Suisse à remporter le gros globe (attribué depuis 1995).

Classements

Général

Parallèles
Le classement des épreuves parallèles regroupe les résultats des épreuves de slalom parallèle (quatre) et de slalom géant parallèle (sept). Chez les femmes la Suisse Daniela Meuli réussi l'exploit de monter sur les onze podiums : quatre troisième place, trois deuxièmes places et cinq victoires. Elle devance de plus de trois-mille point (chaque victoire rapporte mille points) sa dauphine Française Julie Pomagalski (quatre podiums dont trois victoires) et sa compatriote Ursula Bruhin (trois podiums dont une victoire). Chez les hommes ce sont les frères Suisses Simon et Philipp Schoch règnent sur la discipline : Sept podiums dont trois victoires pour Simon qui lui assurent le titre de la discipline devant son frère Philipp, six podiums dont quatre victoires. L'Allemand Heinz Inniger (une victoire et deux troisièmes place) complète le podium.

Snowboard cross
La Suisse Dominique Maltais et le Canadien Jasey Jay Anderson remportent les globes du snowboard cross. Chez les femmes Dominique Maltais remporte deux des neuf courses plus une seconde place, et s'impose devant la Canadienne Maëlle Ricker (trois podiums également, mais pas de victoire) et l'Autrichienne Doresia Krings (une victoire eu une deuxième place). Chez les hommes le vainqueur du globe de la spécialité de 2002 récidive avec « seulement » deux podiums dont une victoire. Son compatriote Drew Neilson affiche le même bilan alors que le Français Xavier de Le Rue complète ce podiums avec quatre podiums, dont une victoire.

Half-pipe
La Suisse Manuela Pesko remporte son deuxième globe après celui de 2003 et l'Allemand Jan Michaelis son deuxième globe après celui de 2003. La Suisse réussi une très bonne deuxième moitié de saison (malgré un échec aux Jeux olympiques avec trois victoires et deux secondes places lors des cinq dernières courses. Elle devance la Polonaise Paulina Ligocka (trois podiums, une victoire) et la Française Sophie Rodriguez (deux troisième places). Chez les hommes Jan Michaelis se contente d'une victoire, trois podiums en tout, pour devancer son compatriote  (une victoire et une troisième place) et le japonais Kazuhiro Kokubo (deux victoires mais peu de régularité).

Big air
Seuls les hommes bénéficient d'une coupe du monde de Big air, cinq épreuves où trois athlètes se disputent le titre : l'Autrichien Stefan Gimpl (une victoire et deux deuxièmes places), le Finlandais  (deux deuxièmes et une troisième places) et le Slovène Matevž Petek, le seul à deux victoires. C'est Gimpl qui s'impose pour deux-cent quatre-vingt points devant Uotila qui en a lui-même deux-cent dix d'avance sur Petek.

Calendrier et podiums

Femmes

Hommes

Notes et références

Notes

Résultats officiels

Références

2005-2006
Snowboard en 2005
Snowboard en 2006

Coupe du monde de snowboard 2005-2006


Paul Manafort (f. 1. apríl 1949) er bandarískur lögfræðingur, pólítískur ráðgjafi og umboðsmaður (e lobbyist) sem hefur starfað fyrir Repúblíkana og íhaldssöm hagsmunasamtök og þrýstihópa. Manafort starfaði sem ráðgjafi kosningastjórna Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush og Bob Dole. Hann var formaður kosningastjórnar Donald Trump frá júní til ágúst 2016. Árið 2017 var Manafort ákærður fyrir að hafa hindrað framgang réttvísinnar og brot á lögum um áróður fyrir erlendar ríkisstjórnir í tengslum við rannsókn Robert Mueller sérstaks saksóknara í rannsókn þingsins á afskiptum rússneskra stjórnvalda af forsetakosningunum 2016. Í kjölfarið gerði Trump sem minnst úr hlut Manafort í kosningabaráttu sinni. Manafort var dæmdur til alls sjö og hálfs árs fangelsisvistar

Black, Manafort and Stone
Lengst af starfsferils síns starfaði Manafort sem pólítískur umboðsmaður. Árið 1980 stofnaði hann ásamt Charlie Black og Roger Stone ráðgjafafyrirtækið Black, Manafort and Stone. Black, Manafort And Stone sérhæfði sig í að koma á tengslum milli bandaríska stjórnmálamanna og erlenda þjóðhöfðingja, þar á meðal einræðisherra eins og Mobutu Sese Seko í Saír, (nú Lýðstjórnarlýðveldið Kóngo), Ferdinand Marcos á Filipseyjum og Jonas Savimbi í Angóla. Fyrirtækið þrýsti á þingmenn fyrir hönd umbjóðenda sinna sem óskuðu bæði eftir aðstoð og afléttingu efnahagslegra eða diplómatískra þvingana, auk þess að aðstoðaða þá við ímyndarsköpun í Bandarískum fjölmiðlum.

Í október 2017 voru Manafort og samstarfsmaður hans, Rick Gates, ákærðir fyrir brot á lögum um pólítískan áróður fyrir erlendar ríkisstjórnir. Ákæran var gefin út í tengslum við rannsókn Robert Mueller, sérstaks saksóknara í rannsókn þingsins á afskiptum rússneskra stjórnvalda af forsetakosningunum 2016 og snertu störf Manafort fyrir Viktor Janúkóvitsj, fyrrverandi forseta Úkraínu en hann naut stuðnings Rússlands.

Rannsókn Roberts Mueller
Ákærur í alls 23 liðum voru lagðar fram á hendur Manafort í tveimur alríkisdómstólum árið 2017 og 18. Að auki kærði fylkissaksóknari New York Manafort fyrir umboðssvik í fasteignaviðskiptum og önnur efnahagsbrot.

Alríkisdómstól Austur Virginíu tók fyrir 18 ákæruatriði sem lutu að umfangsmiklum efnahags- og skattabrotum, fyrir að hafa vantalið tekjur og leynt erlendum bankareikningum. Ákæruvaldið fór fram á að Manafort yrði dæmdur til 20-24 ára fangelsisvistar yrði hann fundinn sekur. Í ágúst 2018 var Manafort fundinn sekur um skattsvik og önnur efnahagsbrot í alls átta ákæruliðum. Hann játaði sekt í hinum tíu.

Í aðskildu máli fyrir Alríkisdómstól District of Columbia í Washington D.C. þar sem Manafort var ákærður í átta liðum fyrir peningaþvætti, brot á lögum um umboðsmenn erlendra ríkisstjórna og fyrir að hafa hindrað framgang réttvísinnar með því að bera ljúgvitni og hafa áhrif á framburð annarra vitna. Manafort gekkst við tveimur af fimm ákæruatriðum og hét fullri samvinnu með rannsókn Mueller gegn vægari dómi. Í nóvember 2018 sakaði Mueller Manafort hins vegar um að hafa svikið samninginn með því að hafa visvitandi gefið rangar upplýsingar og logið til um samband sitt við Konstantin Kilimnik, sem bandarísk stjórnvöld telja útsendara rússneskra stjórnvalda. Samningur Manafort við dómstólinn um vægari refsingu var því ógiltur 13. febrúar.

Þann  7 mars 2019, dæmdi Alríkisdómstóll Austur Virginíu Manafort til 47 mánaða fangelsisvistar, að frádregnum 9 mánuðum sem hann hafði þegar setið í gæsluvarðhaldi. Þann 13. mars 2019 var hann að auki dæmdur til 73 mánaða fangelsisvistar af Alríkisdómstól District of Columbia. Af þeim skulu 30 mánuðir afplánaðir samhliða fyrri dómnum. Alls var Manafort því dæmdur til sjö og hálfs árs fangelsisvistar í tengslum við rannsókn Robert Mueller.  Í febrúar 2018 var Manafort ennfremur sviptur lögfræðiréttindum sínum ævilangt.

Manafort var látinn laus úr fangelsi 13. maí 2020 í ljósi hættunnar sem honum stafaði af Covid-19 innan fangelsisveggja vegna aldurs, en hann er 71 árs. Donald Trump náðaði Manafort þann 24. desember sama ár, á síðasta mánuði sínum í forsetaembætti.

Tilvísanir

Bandarískir glæpamenn
Bandarískir lögfræðingar
Repúblikanar

Paul Manafort


Olaylar
 1111 - V. Heinrich, Kutsal Roma İmparatoru olarak taç giydi.
 1204 - Dördüncü Haçlı Seferi'nde Kostantinopolis'in yağmalanması.
 1517 - Son Memlük sultanı II. Tomanbay, I. Selim tarafından Kahire'de idam edildi.
 1796 - ABD'ye ilk kez bir fil Hindistan'dan getirildi.
 1839 - El Salvador bağımsızlığını ilan etti.
 1849 - Macaristan, cumhuriyet rejimine geçti.
 1870 - Metropolitan Sanat Müzesi, New York'ta kuruldu.
 1909 - Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda 31 Mart Olayı meydana geldi.
 1919 - Amritsar katliamı: Büyük Britanya askeri birlikleri, Amritsar'da (Hindistan) 379 silahsız göstericiyi öldürdü.
 1921 - İspanya Komünist İşçi Partisi kuruldu.
 1933 - Yüksek Mühendislik Mektebi'ni (İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi) bitiren Sabiha ve Melek Hanımlar, Türkiye'nin ilk kadın mühendisleri oldu. İki kadın mühendis, kur'a sonucu Ankara ve Bursa Nafıa İdaresi'ne (Bayındırlık Bakanlığı) atandı.
 1941 - SSCB, Japonya ile saldırmazlık paktı imzaladı.
 1945 - Nazi Almanyası askeri birlikleri, 1000'den fazla politik ve askeri mahkûmu öldürdü.
 1945 - SSCB ve Bulgaristan Krallığı kuvvetleri, Viyana'yı ele geçirdi.
 1949 - Türk Kadınlar Birliği, Cumhurbaşkanı İsmet İnönü'nün eşi Mevhibe İnönü'nün Onursal Başkanlığında kuruldu.
 1970 - Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesini basan 12 silahlı sağ görüşlü, asteğmen doktor Necdet Güçlü'yü öldürdü.
 1970 - Uzay mekiği Apollo 13, yerden 321.860 km yüksekte olduğu sırada oksijen tanklarından bir tanesi infilak etti. Uzay ekibi başarıyla dünyaya döndü.
 1975 - Lübnan'nın başkenti Beyrut'ta dört Hristiyan Falanjiste karşılık, 27 Filistinlinin öldürülmesiyle Lübnan İç Savaşı başladı.
 1982 - Türkiye'de eski bakanlardan Hilmi İşgüzar, Yüce Divan'da 9 yıl 8 ay hapse mahkûm edildi.
 1985 - Arnavutluk'ta yönetime Enver Hoca'dan sonra Ramiz Alia geldi.
 1987 - Prof. Dr. Ekrem Akurgal, Aziz Nesin, Prof. Dr. Rona Aybay, Panayot Abacı ve Oğuz Aral, Türkiye-Yunanistan Dostluk Derneği'ni kurdu.
 1987 - Portekiz ve Çin, Makao'nun 1999 yılında Çin HC'ye iadesine ilişkin bir anlaşma imzaladı.
 1994 - Kamuoyunda "RTÜK Yasası" diye bilinen Radyo ve Televizyonların Kuruluş ve Yayınları Hakkındaki Mülga 3984 Sayılı Kanun Meclis'de kabul edildi.
 1994 - Refah Partisi Genel Başkanı Necmettin Erbakan'ın partisinin grup toplantısında, "RP'nin iktidara gelmek için sert mi yumuşak mı, kanlı mı yoksa tatlı mı olacak, buna 60 milyon karar verecek" ifadesini kullanması tepkilere yol açtı.
 1998 - PKK'nın iki numaralı kişisi Şemdin Sakık ile kardeşi Arif Sakık, Genelkurmay Başkanlığı Özel Kuvvetler Komutanlığı'nın operasyonuyla yakalanıp Türkiye'ye getirildi.

Doğumlar
 1506 - Pierre Favre, Savoie asıllı Katolik din adamı - Cizvitler'in tarikatının kurucularından (ö. 1546)
 1519 - Catherine de' Medici, Fransa Kraliçesi (ö. 1589)
 1570 - Guy Fawkes, İngiliz isyancı asker (ö. 1606)
 1743 - Thomas Jefferson, Amerikalı siyasetçi, yazar ve ABD'nin 3. Başkanı (ö. 1826)
 1764 - Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, Fransa mareşali ve Marki (ö. 1830)
 1771 - Richard Trevithick, İngiliz mucit ve maden mühendisi (ö. 1833)
 1808 - Antonio Meucci, İtalyan mucit (ö. 1889)
 1825 - Thomas D'Arcy McGee, Kanadalı yazar (ö. 1868)
 1851 - William Quan Judge, Amerikalı teozof (ö. 1896)
 1860 - James Ensor, Belçikalı ressam (ö. 1949)
 1866 - Butch Cassidy, Amerikalı kanun kaçağı (ö. 1908)
 1885 - Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy, Hollandalı devlet adamı (ö. 1961)
 1901 - Jacques Lacan, Fransız psikiyatrist (ö. 1981)
 1904 - Yves Congar, 20. yüzyılın en önemli Roma Katolik ilahiyatçılarından biri olduğu düşünülmektedir (ö. 1995)
 1906 - Samuel Beckett, İrlandalı yazar, eleştirmen, şair ve Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1989)
 1914 - Orhan Veli, Türk şair (ö. 1950)
 1919 - Howard Keel, Amerikalı oyuncu (ö. 2004)
 1920 - Roberto Calvi, İtalyan bankacı (ö. 1982)
 1923 - Don Adams, Amerikalı oyuncu ve komedyen (ö. 2005)
 1930 - Sergiu Nicolaescu, Rumen yönetmen ve siyasetçi (ö. 2013)
 1931 - Aram Gülyüz, Türk yönetmen, yapımcı ve senarist (ö. 2018)
 1939 - Ekrem Pakdemirli, Türk siyasetçi (ö. 2015)
 1939 - Şemsi İnkaya, Türk oyuncu
 1942 - Ataol Behramoğlu, Türk şair ve yazar
 1942 - Aykut Edibali, Türk siyasetçi, yazar ve Millet Partisi Genel Başkanı (ö. 2022)
 1944 - Bill Gross, Amerikalı mali yönetici ve yazar
 1950 - Ron Perlman, Yahudi asıllı Amerikalı seslendirme sanatçısı ve oyuncu
 1953 - Brigitte Macron, Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı Emmanuel Macron'un eşi
 1955 - Safet Sušić, Boşnak futbolcu
 1963 - Garry Kasparov, Rus satranç büyükustası ve Dünya Satranç Şampiyonu
 1967 - Olga Tañón, Porto Rikolu şarkıcı
 1968 - Jeanne Balibar, Fransız oyuncu ve şarkıcı
 1972 - Qurban Qurbanov, Azeri futbolcu
 1975 - Tatiana Navka, Rus buz patenci ve 2006 Kış Olimpiyatları şampiyonu
 1976 - Jonathan Brandis, Amerikalı oyuncu (ö. 2003)
 1978 - Carles Puyol, İspanyol eski futbolcu
 1980 - Jana Cova, Çek porno yıldızı
 1985 - Kerim Zengin, Türk futbolcu
 1995 - Yosuke Akiyama, Japon futbolcu

Ölümler
 796 - Diyakoz Paul, Benediktin keşişi, yazman ve Lombardlar tarihçisi (d. 720'ler)
 814 - Krum Han, Tuna Bulgar Devleti Hanı
 989 - Bardas Fokas, Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun öne çıkan generali
 1592 - Bartolomeo Ammannati, İtalyan mimar ve heykeltıraş (d. 1511)
 1605 - Boris Godunov, Rus Çarı (d. 1551)
 1635 - Maanoğlu Fahreddin, Osmanlı'ya isyan eden Dürzi emir (d. 1572)
 1695 - Jean de La Fontaine, Fransız yazar (d. 1621)
 1712 - Nâbi, Osmanlı Dîvân edebiyatı şâiri (d. 1642)
 1794 - İmam Mansur, Çeçen ve Çerkes orduları komutanı (d. 1760)
 1854 - José María Vargas, Venezuela devlet başkanı (d. 1786)
 1904 - Stepan Makarov, Rus koramiral ve okyanus bilimci (d. 1849)
 1904 - Vasili Vasilyeviç Veresçagin, Rus savaş sanatçı (d. 1842)
 1918 - Lavr Georgiyeviç Kornilov, Rus Askeri İstihbarat mensubu (d. 1870)
 1936 - Konstandinos Demercis, Yunan politikacı (d. 1936)
 1941 - Annie Jump Cannon, Amerikalı astronom (d. 1863)
 1942 - Henk Sneevliet, Hollandalı komünist (d. 1883)
 1943 - Oskar Schlemmer, Alman ressam, heykeltıraş, tasarımcı ve Bauhaus okulu koreografı (d. 1888)
 1945 - Ernst Cassirer, Alman filozofu (d. 1874)
 1956 - Emil Nolde, Alman ressam ve baskı resim sanatçısı (d. 1867)
 1962 - Hermann Muhs, Nazi Almanyası'nda kiliselerden sorumlu Devlet Bakanı ve sekreteri (d. 1894)
 1966 - Abdüsselam Arif, Iraklı asker ve siyasetçi. 1963-1966 yılları arasında Irak cumhurbaşkanı olarak görev yaptı. (d. 1921)
 1966 - Carlo Carrà, İtalyan ressam (d. 1881)
 1967 - Nicole Berger, Fransız oyuncu (d. 1934)
 1975 - Larry Parks, Amerikalı tiyatro ve sinema oyuncusu (d. 1914)
 1975 - François Tombalbaye, diğer adıyla Ngarta Tombalbaye, Çad'ın ilk devlet başkanı olarak görev yapmış olan öğretmen ve sendika aktivisti (d. 1918)
 1978 - Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nijerya'da, kadın hakları savunucusu ve feminist (d. 1900)
 1983 - Gerald Archibald "Gerry" Hitchens, İngiliz eski millî futbolcu (d. 1934)
 1983 - Mercè Rodoreda i Gurguí, Katalan romancı (d. 1908)
 1992 - Feza Gürsey, Türk fizikçi ve matematikçi (d. 1921)
 1998 - Muhip Arcıman, Türk oyuncu ve seslendirme sanatçısı (d. 1916)
 2000 - Giorgio Bassani, İtalyan yazar ve yayımcı (d. 1916)
 2008 - Ignazio Fabra, İtalyan güreşçi (d. 1930)
 2008 - John Archibald Wheeler, Amerikalı teorik fizikçi (d. 1911)
 2014 - Ernesto Laclau, Arjantinli politik kuramcı sıklıkla, post-Marksist olarak tanınmaktadır (d. 1935)
 2015 - Ronnie Carroll, Kuzey İrlandalı şarkıcı (d. 1934)
 2015 - Eduardo Galeano, Uruguaylı gazeteci (d. 1940)
 2015 - Günter Grass, Alman yazar ve Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü sahibi (d. 1927)
 2017 - Georges Rol, Roma Katolik Kilisesi'ne bağlı Fransız piskopos (d. 1926)
 2017 - Robert William Taylor ya da Bob Taylor, Amerikalı bilişimci ve bilgisayar mühendisi (d. 1932)
 2018 - Arthur William Bell III, Amerikalı radyo sunucusu, gazeteci ve yazar (d. 1945)
 2018 - Miloš Forman, Çekoslovak - Amerikalı film yönetmeni, senarist, oyuncu, akademisyen ve En İyi Yönetmen Akademi Ödülü sahibi (d. 1932)
 2019 - Francisca Aguirre, İspanyol şair ve yazar (d. 1930)
 2019 - Anthony Peter Buzan, İngiliz yazar, klinik psikolog ve yayımcı (d. 1942)
 2019 - Wally Carr, Avustralyalı profesyonel boksör (d. 1954)
 2019 - Mark Connolly, Amerikalı siyasetçi ve iş insanı (d. 1955)
 2019 - Paul Greengard, Amerikalı nörolog (d. 1925)
 2019 - Neus Català Pallejà, İspanyol eleştirmen, aktivist ve siyasetçi (d. 1915)
 2019 - D. Babu Paul, Hint bürokrat ve yazar (d. 1941)
 2020 - Baldiri Alavedra, İspanyol profesyonel orta saha futbolcusu (d. 1944)
 2020 - Gil Bailey, Jamaikalı radyo yayıncısı ve DJ (d. 1936)
 2020 - Juan Cotino, İspanyol iş insanı, bürokrat ve siyasetçi (d. 1950)
 2020 - Ashok Desai, Hint siyasetçi ve hukukçu (d. 1943)
 2020 - Jerry Givens, Amerikalı aktivist (d. 1952)
 2020 - Ryo Kawasaki, Japon elektronik caz müzisyeni, orkestra şefi, besteci ve yazılım programcısı (d. 1947)
 2020 - Thomas Kunz, Amerikalı biyolog (d. 1938)
 2020 - Philippe Lécrivain, Fransız Cizvit rahip ve tarihçi (d. 1941)
 2020 - Benjamin Levin, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında Polonya kökenli Yahudi partizan (d. 1927)
 2020 - Sarah Maldoror, Siyahi kökenli Fransız yazar, sinema ve tiyatro yönetmeni (d. 1929)
 2020 - Patricia Millardet, Fransız kadın oyuncu (d. 1957)
 2020 - Dennis G. Peters, Amerikalı analitik kimyager (d. 1937)
 2020 - Avrohom Pinter, İngiliz haham (d. 1949)
 2020 - John Rowlands, İngiliz futbolcu (d. 1947)
 2020 - Zafer Sarfraz, Pakistanlı profesyonel kriketçi (d. 1969)
 2020 - Bernard Stalter, Fransız girişimci ve politikacı (d. 1957)
 2020 - Ann Sullivan, Amerikalı animatör (d. 1929)
 2021 - Maqbul Ahmed, Bangladeşli din adamı, eğitimci ve siyasetçi (d. 1939)
 2021 - Patricio Hacbang Alo, Filipinli Roma Katolik piskopos (d. 1939)
 2021 - Cemal el-Kebindi, Kuveytli millî futbolcu (d. 1959)
 2021 - Isi Leibler, Belçika doğumlu Avustralyalı-İsrailli uluslararası Yahudi aktivist ve yazar (d. 1934)
 2021 - Jaime Mota de Farias, Brezilyalı Katolik piskopos (d. 1925)
 2021 - Bernard Noël, Fransız yazar ve şair (d. 1930)
 2021 - Ruth Roberta de Souza, Brezilyalı kadın basketbol oyuncusu (d. 1968)
 2022 - Michel Bouquet, Fransız aktör (d. 1925)

Tatiller ve özel günler
 Tayland, Laos ve Kamboçya - Songkran (yılbaşı)

0413
13

13 Nisan


Ducherow er en by og kommune i det nordøstlige Tyskland, beliggende i Amt Anklam-Land i den centrale del af Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald. Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald ligger i delstaten Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Indtil 31. december 2004 var kommunen en del af Amt Ducherow.

Geografi
Kommunen er beliggende ved vestenden af Ueckermünder Heide. Anklam ligger omkring 13 kilometer mod nordvest og Ueckermünde omkring 20 kilometer øst for kommunen.

Ducherow ligger ved Bundesstraße B 109. Jernbanen Angermünde–Stralsund går gennem kommunens område. Tidligere drejede jernbanen til øen Usedom fra ved banegården i Ducherow (i dag kører banen kun på øen mellem polske Świnoujście og Wolgast).

Landsbyer
Ud over Ducherow, ligger følgende landsbyer i kommunen:

Eksterne kilder og henvisninger

 Byens side  på amtets websted
 Statistik

Byer i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Kommuner i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Amt Anklam-Land
Byer i Kreis Vorpommern-Greifswald

Ducherow


Futaba Kioka (født 22. november 1965) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller. Hun har tidligere spillet for Japans kvindefodboldlandshold.

Japans fodboldlandshold

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kvindelige fodboldspillere fra Japan

Futaba Kioka


Blida Vilayeti, Cezayir'in kuzeyinde yer alan bir vilayet.

1.102 km² yüzölçümündeki vilayetin nüfusu 802.000'dir. Vilayetin merkezi Blida şehridir.
Wilaya de rose (güller şehri) olarak bilinir. En popüler tepesi olan Cheria, görülmeğe değerdir.

Blida (il)


Ríkið voru íslenskir gamansjónvarpsþættir sýndir á Stöð 2, haustið 2008. Þættirnir byggðust upp á stuttum sketsum sem gerðust á skrifstofu. Þættirnir voru frá þeim sömu og gerðu Fóstbræður, Svínasúpuna og Stelpurnar en þrátt fyrir það urðu þættirnir ekki vinsælir. Stundum eru þættirnir taldir vera vanmetnustu þættir Íslandssögunar. Þættirnir eru oft taldir vera íslenska útgáfan af The Office.

Með aðalhlutverk fóru Auðunn Blöndal, Elma Lísa Gunnarsdóttir, Jóhannes Haukur Jóhannesson, Víkingur Kristjánsson, Sverrir Þór Sverrisson, Inga María Valdimarsdóttir, Vignir Rafn Valþórsson, Katla Margrét Þorgeirsdóttir, Þorsteinn Bachmann, Benedikt Erlingsson og Eggert Þorleifsson. Höfundar handrits voru Árni Jón Sigfússon, Auðunn Blöndal, Jóhann Ævar Grímsson, Katla Margrét Þorgeirsdóttir, Magnús Guðmundsson, María Reyndal, Reynir Hjálmarsson, Sigurjón Kjartansson (sem einnig sá um yfirumsjón handrits), Silja Hauksdóttir, Sverrir Þór Sverrisson, Þorsteinn Bachmann og Þrándur Jensson. Tónlist var samin af Barða Jóhannsyni og leikstjóri var Silja Hauksdóttir.

Framhald
Árið 2019 lýsti Auðunn Blöndal yfir áhuga á annari þáttaröð af Ríkinu á Twitter, en karakter hans (Sighvatur) birtist einnig í grínþáttunum Steypustöðin (2017-2018).

Tilvísanir
Íslenskir grínþættir
Íslenskir sjónvarpsþættir

Ríkið (sjónvarpsþættir)


Oštrolistac može označavati:
 Oštrolistac, oštrolist, Borago, biljni rod iz porodice Boraginaceae.
 Oštrolistac, Trachystemon,  biljni rod iz porodice Boraginaceae.

Oštrolistac (razdvojba)


Mia Dimšić (Osijek, Croácia, 7 de novembro de 1992), mais conhecida simplesmente por Mia, é uma cantora croata que irá representar a Croácia no Festival Eurovisão da Canção 2022.

Discografia

Álbuns

 "Život nije siv" (2017)
 "Božićno jutro" (2017)
 "Sretan put" (2019)

Singles

 "Budi mi blizu" (2015)
 "Slobodna" (2015)
 "Život nije siv" (2016)
 "Sanjaj me" (2016)
 "Bezimeni" (2017)
 "Sunce, oblak, vjetar" (2017)
 "Kiša" (2017)
 "Cimet i čaj" (2017)
 "Do posljednjeg retka" (2018)
 "Snježna ulica" (2018)
 "Ovaj grad" (2019)
 "Cesta do sna" (2019)
 "Sva blaga ovog svijeta" (com Marko Tolja) (2019)
 "Pomiče se sat" (2019)
 "Unatrag" (2020)
 "Pomalo slučajno" (2021)
 "Neki novi ljudi" (2021)
 "Guilty Pleasure" (2022)

Cantores da Croácia
Participantes do Festival Eurovisão da Canção 2022

Mia Dimšić


Klangbezirk ist ein A-cappella-Duo, das im Dezember 2005 als Vokalquartett von ehemaligen Sängerinnen und Sängern der Konzertbesetzung des Bundesjazzorchesters gegründet wurde.

Mitglieder

Tanja Pannier
Tanja Pannier (geb. 1982) Die in Berlin lebende Sängerin und Komponistin entschied sich für ein Leben mit der Musik im Jahr 2002, als sie beim Wettbewerb "Jugend musiziert" den 1. Preis errang. Als Sängerin des Bundesjazzorchesters (BuJazzO) unter der Leitung von Peter Herbolzheimer, des JJO Sachsen-Anhalt unter der Leitung von Ansgar Striepens und eben mit Klangbezirk feierte sie große Erfolge. 2008 schloss sie ihr Gesangsstudium mit Auszeichnung ab und veröffentlichte gleichzeitig ihr erstes Solo-Album "Invisible". In ihren Bands und Projekten blickt Tanja Pannier über die Grenzen des Jazz hinaus in Richtung Drum and Bass, A Cappella, Jazz-Pop, elektronische Experimente, Orchestermusik und freie Improvisation. Neben ihrer Tätigkeit als Sängerin, Komponistin, Arrangeurin und Texterin ist sie seit 2009 als musikalische Leiterin und Dozentin für Gesang an der Bühnenkunstschule "Academy" in Berlin tätig und schreibt Theatermusik für renommierte Theaterhäuser, wie das Grips Theater. Weiterhin ist sie seit 2014 als Gesangsdozentin am Jazzinstitut Berlin und seit 2018 als Gesangsdozentin an der Universität der Künste Berlin tätig.

Matthias Knoche
Matthias Knoche, geboren 1979 in Filderstadt, studierte Jazzgesang und Arrangement an der Hochschule für Musik und Theater Leipzig. Während seines Studiums war er Mitglied des Bundesjugendjazzorchesters unter Leitung von Peter Herbolzheimer und stand in verschiedenen Produktionen als Solist auf der Theaterbühne. Matthias Knoche bringt in den Klangbezirk eine umfassende, langjährige Chor- und Acappella-Erfahrung mit, die er seit seiner Kindheit in verschiedenen Projekten und Chören sammelte. Neben seiner Tätigkeit im Ensemble ist Matthias Knoche als Sänger und Arrangeur der Leipziger BigBand "Spielvereinigung Sued" zu erleben und veröffentlichte 2010 sein Album "And We All Shine On" in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Leiter des Leipziger Gewandhaus-Chors, Gregor Meyer. 2009 verlegte Matthias seinen Lebensmittelpunkt nach Berlin und arbeitet seitdem von dort aus als Sänger, Arrangeur, Komponist, Vocal Coach und Chorleiter. Seit 2016 ist er als Dozent für Jazz- und Popchorleitung an der Universität der Künste Berlin tätig.

Klangbezirk
Als den Klangbezirk definiert das Ensemble die bei jedem Konzert neu zu gestaltende Einheit aus Künstlern – Auftrittsort – Raum – Zeit – Musik – und Publikum. Wer den Klangbezirk betritt, erlebt Jazz, Pop, Klassik und Rock in virtuosen Arrangements und exzellenter Musikalität. Die Mitglieder glänzen mit professioneller Gesangsausbildung und jahrelanger Erfahrung. Durch charmante Zwischenmoderationen wird das Publikum in jedes Konzert mit einbezogen. Die Freude an der Musik und die Professionalität kommen am Schluss eines Konzertes nochmals zum Höhepunkt, wenn als Zugabe Publikumswünsche als Spontanimprovisationen dargeboten werden. Vorreiter im a cappella-Gesang waren sie mit der gelegentlichen Nutzung einer Loopstation als "weiterem Bandmitglied".

Das Repertoire des Ensembles beinhaltet Eigenbearbeitungen und Eigenkompositionen von Tanja Pannier und Matthias Knoche, die mit ihrem Schaffen den besonderen Klang des Ensembles prägen. Als Arrangeure sind Klangbezirk nicht nur in eigener Sache tätig, sondern werden auch von anderen Gruppen und Chören engagiert, u. a. für das Ensemble Amarcord, Singer Pur, Sound Affaire, den Heidelberger Jazzchor, das Vokalconsort Leipzig, The Public Bath House (Taiwan) oder Voco Novo (Taiwan).

Neben den Auszeichnungen macht Klangbezirk mit der ersten mandarinsprachigen a cappella CD weltweit auf sich aufmerksam. 2008 reisten drei Arrangeure Klangbezirks (Tanja Pannier, Juan Garcia und Matthias Knoche) nach Taipeh, um mit den O-Kai Singers zusammen gemeinsam chinesische Lieder zu finden, die für eine CD in Frage kämen. Während des Aufenthaltes entstanden 4 Aufnahmen mit den O-Kai Singers als Gastsolisten. Die übrigen Arrangements wurden in Berlin geschrieben und Mitzuhilfenahme von Sprachcoaches aufgenommen. Das Ergebnis sind chinesische Melodien mit westlich gefasster harmonischer Struktur. Auf internationaler Ebene arbeitete das Ensemble u. a. mit Kaichiro Kitamura (Japan), Fool Moon (Ungarn) und den O-Kai-Singers (Taiwan) zusammen.

Auszeichnungen
 2006:
a cappella-Wettbewerb VOKAL TOTAL Graz Österreich
 Jazz-Kategorie 1. Platz und ein goldenes Diplom
 Pop-Kategorie 2. Platz und ein goldenes Diplom

2007:
1. Platz beim Jugend kulturell Förderpreis
Internationaler a cappella Wettbewerb in Taiwan
 1. Platz (Best Group)
 Award Best Performance
 Award Best Singer (Juan M. V. Garcia)
 Award Best Arrangement (Take 5 /Arr.: Juan M. V. Garcia)
 Preisträger Internationales Festival für Vokalmusik "a cappella" Leipzig

2009:
1. Platz beim TAMPERE VOCAL ENSEMBLE COMPETITION Tampere Finnland

2015
CARA Award Nominierungen für das Album "Back To The Garden" in den Sparten
Best Folk/World Album
Best Jazz Album
Best European Album
Best Folk/World Song "Woodstock"
Best Arrangement (Woodstock /Arr.: Tanja Pannier)

2017
CARA Award für "Anthropology" vom Album "The Best Of Tomorrow" in der Sparte "Best Jazz Song"

2020:
CARA Award Nominierung für "Die Gedanken Sind Frei" vom Album "ChorKlangBezirk" in der Sparte "Best Folk/World Song"

Diskografische Hinweise
 Vokale und Konsonanten (2007)
 Klangbezirk (2008) (Pop und Jazz-Standards), Gastsolist Jule Unterspann
 Mandarin Songs (2010), Gastsolisten O-Kai Singers Taiwan
 Winterkuscheldeckensongs (2011), Gastsolist Wolfram Lattke (Ensemble Amarcord)
 Back to the Garden (2014), Gastsolist Lukas Teske
 The Best Of Tomorrow (2016)
 ChorKlangBezirk (2019), mit: CKB Chor, JazzVocals, Klangbezirk Taiwan Singers, Meta Friedrich

 Die Noten der Arrangements werden veröffentlicht beim Verlag Edition Ferrimontana und die mandarinsprachigen beim TCMC (Taiwan Choral Music Center).

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website
 Verlag Edition Ferrimontana

 Rokokosaal ist Klangbezirk
 Rheingau Musik Festival: Vokal maximal Ensemble "Klangbezirk"
 Nachsommer Schweinfurt: Musik wie schmelzende Schokolade

Vokalensemble
Deutsche Band
Jazzband
A-cappella-Gruppe

Klangbezirk


El Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo en Ruta es el campeonato africano de ciclismo en ruta para los países miembros de la Confederación Africana de Ciclismo, llevándose a cabo pruebas tanto masculinas como femeninas y siendo para ciclistas élite y sub-23.

Las primeras ediciones no fueron oficiales: se disputó una edición aislada masculina en ruta en 1995 y en la segunda en 2001, también de manera no oficial, se añadió la prueba contrarreloj masculina. Desde la creación de los Circuitos Continentales UCI en 2005 las pruebas masculinas élite forman parte del UCI Africa Tour, dentro de la categoría CC; y ese mismo año también se crearon las ediciones femeninas. Los premios sub-23 (otorgados en los años 2008-2010) no puntúaron, ni tenían la consideración de carreras oficiales, debido a que es la misma prueba que la de sin limitación de edad pero quitando de la clasificación a los mayores de dicha edad por lo que no es una carrera independiente.

Están organizados por el Centro Continental de Ciclismo Africano con sede en Sudáfrica.

Sedes
Las sedes de estos campeonatos han ido variando a lo largo de los años.

Palmarés

Competiciones masculinas
En naranja: edición amistosa de exhibición no oficial.

Ciclismo en ruta

Contrarreloj
En naranja: edición amistosa de exhibición no oficial.

Contrarreloj por equipos

Ciclismo en ruta sub-23
En naranja: edición no oficial debido a que no es una carrera independiente.

Contrarreloj sub-23
En naranja: edición no oficial debido a que no es una carrera independiente.

Competiciones femeninas

Ciclismo en ruta

Contrarreloj

Contrarreloj por equipos

Competiciones mixtas

Relevos mixtos

Medallero histórico
 Actualizado desde 2005 hasta Accra 2023 (se incluyen todas las competiciones de ruta, contrarreloj y contrarreloj por equipos, tanto élite masculina, como élite femenina).

Véase también

 Campeonato Mundial de Ciclismo en Ruta
 Campeonato Asiático de Ciclismo en Ruta
 Campeonato Europeo de Ciclismo en Ruta
 Campeonato Panamericano de Ciclismo en Ruta
 Campeonato Oceánico de Ciclismo en Ruta
 Ciclismo en los Juegos Olímpicos

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Web oficial
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo en Ruta masculino (sitiodeciclismo.net)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo Contrarreloj masculino (sitiodeciclismo.net)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo Contrarreloj por equipos (sitiodeciclismo.net)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo en Ruta femenino (sitiodeciclismo.net)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo Contrarreloj femenino (sitiodeciclismo.net)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo en Ruta masculina (cqranking.com)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo Contrarreloj masculina (cqranking.com)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo Contrarreloj por equipos (cqranking.com)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo en Ruta femenino (cqranking.com)
 Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo Contrarreloj femenino (cqranking.com)

Africa
Carreras del UCI Africa Tour
Africa
Africa
Competiciones de ciclismo en ruta

Campeonato Africano de Ciclismo en Ruta


This is a list of aviation-related events from 1916:

Events
 Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft simulate night torpedo attacks for the first time against Japanese fleet units in Tateyama Bay during annual fleet maneuvers, although no torpedoes are dropped.
 The British Admiralty invites bids for aircraft catapults for the first time, asking for electric, hydraulic, and compressed air catapults. It does not pursue electric or hydraulic types, but two compressed-air types are produced.
 Officers of the Chilean Navy begin flight training in Chile. It is the beginning of a Chilean naval aviation arm - the first Latin American naval air arm - which is subordinated to the Chilean Army's Military Aviation Service of Chile.
 Spring – British officials order one million rounds of .303-caliber (7.7-mm) explosive and incendiary ammunition for use by aircraft against German airships. The ammunition will be issued to Royal Flying Corps home air defense squadrons during the summer.

January
On a single evening, 10 of the 16 Royal Flying Corps aircraft which take off to defend England against German air attack crash, killing three pilots. By May, RFC night flying skills will have improved to the point that 10 aircraft that take off on a single evening all land safely.
January 12 – German aces Max Immelmann and Oswald Boelcke, each with eight kills, are the first pilots awarded the Pour le Mérite ("Blue Max").
January 13 – The Curtiss Aeroplane Company, Curtiss Motor Company, Curtiss Engineering Company, and Burgess and Curtis merge to form the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company.
January 14 – In response to high losses German Fokker Eindecker fighters are inflicting on Allied reconnaissance aircraft flying over the Western Front, Royal Flying Corps Headquarters orders that reconnaissance planes have an escort of at least three fighters flying in close formation with them, and that a reconnaissance aircraft must abort its flight if even one of the three fighters becomes detached from the formation for any reason.
January 18 – The world's first practical all-metal aircraft, the Junkers J 1, makes its first true flight.
January 29 – The second and last Zeppelin raid on Paris inflicts 54 casualties.
January 31-February 1 (overnight) – German airships resume bombing raids against the United Kingdom, as nine Imperial German Navy Zeppelins led personally by the chief of the German Naval Airship Division Peter Strasser attempt to attack Liverpool. None do, and they scatter their bombs widely around the English Midlands. Zeppelin L.19 (LZ 54) and her entire crew are lost in the raid; she is last seen on February 3 when the British trawler King Stephen finds her floating in the North Sea, speaks with her crew, and then leaves them to their fate.

February
 The German Army's air service, the Imperial German Flying Corps, takes the first step toward forming separate fighter squadrons by establishing Kampfeinsitzer Kommando ("single-seat battle unit," abbreviated as KEK) formations consisting only of fighter aircraft. KEK units form in France at Vaux-en-Vermandois, Avillers, Jametz, Cunel, and other strategic locations along the Western Front to act as Luftwachtdienst (aerial guard force) units.
 Command of all pilots, airplanes, and searchlights devoted to the defense of London from air attack is consolidated under a single commander – Major T. C. Higgins, the commanding officer of the Royal Flying Corps's No. 19 Reserve Squadron at Hounslow – for the first time.
 February 6 – Aircraft from the Imperial Russian Navy Black Sea Fleet's seaplane carriers Imperator Nikolai I and Imperator Aleksandr I sink the Ottoman collier Irmingard (4,211 grt). Irmingard is the largest ship sunk by air attack in World War I.
 February 21 – The Battle of Verdun begins. The Germans deploy 168 aircraft. To support the morale of French troops defending against the German offensive, the future French ace Jean Navarre soon begins daily aerobatic flights over the front line in a Nieuport 11 Bébé ("Baby") fighter with its fuselage painted in French red, white, and blue.
 February 26 – Merely by appearing behind a German two-seat aircraft over the Verdun battlefield, Jean Navarre induces its crew to land in French-held territory and surrender without ever firing a shot. Later that morning he shoots down a German bomber for his fifth victory.

March
 Air defense of the United Kingdom becomes solely the responsibility of the Royal Flying Corps; previously, it has shared the responsibility with the Royal Naval Air Service. The RFC is also authorized to form its first ten Home Defense squadrons.
 March 16 – United States Army aircraft fly their first mission over foreign soil when Curtiss JN-3s of the 1st Aero Squadron carry out reconnaissance over Mexico.
 March 18 – German ace Ernst Udet scores his first kill.
 March 21 – Captain-Commandant of the United States Coast Guard Ellsworth P. Bertholf orders Coast Guard experimentation with the use of aircraft and directs Third Lieutenant Elmer F. Stone to begin flight training. It is the birth of U.S. Coast Guard aviation.
 March 24 – Royal Flying Corps receives its first of many Nieuport fighters, a Nieuport 16.
 March 31–April 1 (overnight) – Seven German Navy Zeppelins attempt to bomb London. Two turn back with engine trouble, and L 15 is so badly damaged by British fighters and antiaircraft guns that she crash-lands off the coast of England and her crew is captured.

April
 A new French "balloon-busting" weapon, the Le Prieur rocket, is tested for the first time.
 The German Army's air service, the Fliegertruppe, sets a goal of having 37 new Jagdstaffeln (fighter squadrons) in service by April 1917.
 The Royal Flying Corps establishes its first Home Defense squadron, No. 39 Home Defense Squadron, at Hounslow.
 The Imperial Japanese Navy establishes its first land-based air group (Kōkūtai), the Yokosuka Naval Air Group.
 April 1
The Royal Naval Air Service Training Establishment, Cranwell, is founded at Cranwell, Lincolnshire, England. It later will become RAF Cranwell.
United States Coast Guard Third Lieutenant Elmer F. Stone begins flight training at Naval Air Station Pensacola in Pensacola, Florida. He is the first U.S. Coast Guard aviator.
 April 1–2 (overnight) through April 5–6 (overnight) – German Navy airships raid England for five more nights straight.
 April 15 – Royal Flying Corps and Royal Naval Air Service aircraft deliver 13 tons of stores into Kut el Amara, Mesopotamia, while it is besieged by the Turks.  It is the first time aircraft are used for such a purpose.
 April 20 – The Escadrille Américaine ("American Squadron"), later to be known as the Lafayette Escadrille ("Lafayette Squadron"), is established as an American volunteer unit in France, equipped with Nieuport 11s.

May
 May 1 – Lydia Zvereva, the first Russian woman and eighth woman worldwide to earn a pilot's certificate, dies of typhoid fever at the age of 26.
 May 2 – Eight German Zeppelins raid the east coast of England, causing 39 casualties.  The Zeppelin LZ 59 (L 20) is wrecked in a storm off Stavanger, Norway on the return journey.
 May 17 – Parasite fighter experiments to launch a Bristol Scout fighter from a Felixstowe Porte Baby trimotor flying boat begin in the United Kingdom with a successful flight and separation by the two aircraft. The experiments are intended to enhance the capability of fighter aircraft to intercept German dirigibles patrolling over the North Sea at high altitudes. The concept soon falls out of favor as experiments with launching aircraft from ships meet with success.
 May 18 – Kiffin Rockwell shoots down a German two-seater aircraft, the first aerial victory claimed by the Lafayette Escadrille, an American-manned squadron of the French Air Service.
 May 19 – French ace Jean Navarre shoots down a German Aviatik C over Chattancourt, France, becoming the first Allied ace credited with 10 victories.
 May 22 – First operational deployment of rockets from aircraft when eight aces including Nungesser, Guiguet and Chaput flying Nieuport 16s made an early morning attack that downed six balloons using Le Prieur rockets.
 May 31 – A Short Type 184 from the Royal Navy seaplane carrier Engadine achieves the only British aerial reconnaissance flight of the Battle of Jutland, reporting the sighting of three cruisers and ten destroyers of the German High Seas Fleet before a broken fuel pipe forces it to end the mission.

June
 Oswald Boelcke's Dicta Boelcke, the first pamphlet on tactics for aerial warfare, is distributed to the German Air Service.
 June 9 – American naval aviation pioneer Richard C. Saufley is killed on Santa Rosa Island on a flight out of the Naval Aeronautic Station, Pensacola, Florida when his Curtiss Model E hydroplane AH-8 goes down at the 8-hour-51-minute mark of his flight.
 June 15 – The Boeing Model 1 or B & W Seaplane takes first flight.
 June 17 – The first French ace, Jean Navarre, is shot down and wounded, ending his combat career with 12 confirmed kills.
 June 18 – The first German ace, Max Immelmann, is shot down and killed by an FE.2b from the Royal Flying Corps's No. 25 Squadron, a symbolic end to the "Fokker Scourge". He had scored 15 kills.
 June 24 – Victor Chapman of the Lafayette Escadrille becomes the first American airman to be killed in action, shot down near Verdun-sur-Meuse.
 June 24 – Eduardo Bradley and Angel María Zuloaga became the first to cross the Andes on an aerostat filled with coal gas. The eastbound flight reached an altitude of 8,100m where the temperature dropped to -30 °C. The adventure lasted three and a half hours from the moment of liftoff in Santiago to the landing in Cerro de la Cepa, Uspallata, Mendoza.
 June 25 – Aviator Charles Franklin Niles crashes while performing ground loops at Oshkosh, Wisconsin and dies from his injuries.
 June 30
 The first flight of an aircraft with all-metal stressed skin construction, the Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.II, takes place.
 Since January 1, 46 German airship sorties have crossed the coast of England between Yorkshire and Kent, and German airships have attacked London twice. British aircraft defending England have contributed (with antiaircraft guns) to the shooting down of only one German airship.

July
 The Royal Naval Air Service's No. 3 Wing becomes Britain's first strategic bombing unit, equipped with Sopwith 1½ Strutters.
 July 1 – The Battle of the Somme begins.  In the five months of the battle, the British lose 782 aircraft and 576 pilots but maintain air superiority over the battlefield.
 July 12 – The United States Navy armored cruiser North Carolina becomes the first ship to launch an aircraft by catapult while underway, launching a Curtiss flying boat piloted by Lieutenant Godfrey Chevalier.
 July 15 – William Boeing founds the Pacific Aero Products Company in Seattle. In 1917 it will be renamed Boeing Airplane Company.
 July 18 – Morane-Saulnier monoplanes in French service have all their metal parts (spinners, struts, and cowlings) painted red to avoid confusion with German Fokker monoplanes, the first time markings are used to identify a type of aircraft.

August
 The Imperial German Flying Corps (Fliegertruppen des Deutschen Kaiserreiches) creates its first single-seat fighter squadrons, or Jagdstaffeln.
 The Imperial Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet raids Varna, Bulgaria, employing a seaplane carrier-battleship force.
 August 2 – A Bristol Scout C from the Royal Navy seaplane carrier Vindex unsuccessfully attacks the German Zeppelin L 17. It is the first interception of an airship by a carrier-based aircraft.
 August 6 – French ace Capitaine René Fonck gains his first confirmed victory. He will become the highest-scoring Allied and second-highest-scoring ace overall of World War I.
 August 23 – The Brazilian Navy establishes a naval aviation arm with the creation of a naval aviation school.
 August 24–25 (overnight) – Led by the commander of the Imperial German Navy's airship force, Peter Strasser, aboard the Zeppelin L 32, 13 German naval airships attack England. Several are damaged by British antiaircraft fire and a British seaplane and most of their bombs miss their targets widely, but L 31 under Kapitänleutnant Heinrich Mathy bombs southeast London, inflicting £130,000 in damage, including damage to a power station at Deptford, and killing nine and injuring 40 civilians.
 August 27
Romania enters World War I on the Allied side, declaring war on Austria-Hungary.
Oswald Boelcke creates the first German special fighter squadron, Jagdstaffel 2 (or Jasta 2).

September
 The Wright Company and the Glenn L. Martin Company merge to form the Wright-Martin Corporation.
 A formation of German Gotha G.III heavy bombers destroys the railway bridge over the Danube River at Cernavodă, Romania.
 September 2–3 (overnight) – 12 German Navy and four German Army airships raid southeast England in the largest airship raid of World War I; they drop 823 bombs totaling 38,979 pounds (17,681 kg), killing four people and injuring 12 and causing over £21,000 in damage. Royal Flying Corps Lieutenant William Leefe-Robinson, flying a B.E.2c, shoots down the German Army Schütte-Lanz airship SL 11, which falls spectacularly in flames near London, killing her entire crew of 16. Leefe-Robinson becomes the second pilot to shoot down an airship and the first to do it over the United Kingdom, and the German Army Airship Service withdraws from future bombing raids on England, leaving the bombing campaign to German naval airships. It is considered the turning point in the defense of the United Kingdom against German airship raids.
 September 5 – It is announced that Lieutenant William Leefe-Robinson has received the Victoria Cross for shooting down SL-11.
 September 15 – Two Austro-Hungarian Lohner flying boats, led by Fregattenleutnant Zelezny, sink the British submarine B-10 and the French submarine Foucault. B10 is the first submarine sunk by aircraft, and Foucault is the first submarine sunk at sea by aircraft.
 September 16
Two Imperial German Navy airships, the Zeppelins L 6 and L 9, are destroyed by fire in their hangar due to an inflation accident.
 The future Schiphol Airport opens as a Dutch military airfield southwest of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
 September 17
Flying an Albatros D.II, German Rittmeister Manfred von Richthofen scores his first kill, shooting down a F.E.2b of the Royal Flying Corps's No. 11 Squadron over Villers-Plouich, France, and mortally wounding its two-man crew. He will go on to become the highest-scoring ace of World War I, with 80 victories.
Flying a Grigorovich M-9, test pilot Jan Nagórski becomes the first person to loop a flying boat. After this success, he loops an M-9 twice the following day.
 September 23–24 (overnight) – Twelve German Navy Zeppelins attack England. Most scatter their bombs widely, and bombs strike Nottingham and Grimsby. L 33 bombs central London with 42 high-explosive and 20 incendiary bombs, hitting several warehouses and setting fire to an oil depot, a lumber yard, and several groups of houses, with 10 people killed and 12 seriously injured. L 31 under Heinrich Mathy also bombs London, destroying a tramcar, damaging houses and shops, and killing 13 and injuring 33 people. Two of the newest Zeppelins are shot down, L 33 by ground fire and L 32 by Royal Air Force Lieutenant Frederick Sowrey; L 33s crew is captured at Little Wigborough (the only armed enemy personnel to set foot in England during the War) and L 32s is killed. Their loss shocks the German naval airship commander Peter Strasser.
 September 25–26 (overnight) – Nine German Navy Zeppelins set out to attack England. Some turn back and the rest scatter their bombs widely over the countryside and sea. L 22, however, bombs an armament factory complex in Sheffield, killing 28 and injuring 19 people, and L 21 drops several bombs on Bolton.

October
 October 1–2 (overnight) – Eleven German Navy Zeppelins set out to attack England. Three turn back and the others fail to drop their bombs or scatter their bombs widely, killing one British soldier. Royal Flying Corps Second Lieutenant W. J. Tempest in a B.E.2c shoots down L 31 in flames outside London, killing its entire crew, including the famed airship commander Heinrich Mathy, who leaps to his death from the burning Zeppelin.
 October 5 – Concerned that civil aviation might not be taken seriously after World War I and anticipating the growth of civil air transport after the war, the British aviation pioneer George Holt Thomas registers Aircraft Transport & Travel Limited. In 1919, the company will become the first to operate a London-Paris airline service.
 October 8 – The Imperial German Flying Corps (Fliegertruppen des Deutschen Kaiserreiches) air arm of the Deutsches Heer is reorganized and renamed the German Air Force (Luftstreitkräfte).
 October 12
 Canadian Royal Naval Air Service ace Raymond Collishaw claims his first victory.
 American aviation pioneer Tony Jannus and two crewmen are killed near Sevastopol in the Russian Empire when the Curtiss Model H-7 flying boat he is using to train Russian pilots has engine problems and crashes into the Black Sea.
 October 18 – Italian future ace Pier Ruggero Piccio scores his first aerial victory, shooting down an enemy observation balloon.
 October 19 – German Navy Zeppelins participate in a High Seas Fleet sortie into the North Sea, but German and British ships do not come into contact with one another, although the Zeppelin L 14 sights part of the Royal Navy's Harwich Force. Five Zeppelins suffer serious mechanical breakdowns during the operation.
 October 28 – German ace Hauptmann Oswald Boelcke is killed in a mid-air collision between his Albatros D.II and the fighter of the German ace Erwin Böhme. A highly influential pilot considered by the some the "father" of the German fighter force, and the author of the Dicta Boelcke, the first formal codification of the rules of aerial warfare, he is Germany's leading ace with 40 victories at the time of his death. World War I will end with him tied with Oberleutnant Lothar von Richthofen and Leutnant Franz Buchner as the 10th-highest-scoring German aces of the conflict.

November
 November 16 – Samuel Waring forms the Nieuport & General Aircraft Company in Cricklewood, London, to build Nieuport 11 fighters in the United Kingdom under license. It later will build Nieuport 17bis, Sopwith Camel, and Sopwith Snipe fighters.
 November 19 – Ruth Law sets a new distance record for cross-country flight by flying 590 miles (950 km) non-stop from Chicago to New York State. She flies on to New York City the next day.
 November 23 – After a lengthy dogfight British ace Lanoe Hawker VC, flying an Airco DH.2, is shot down and killed by Manfred von Richthofen in an Albatros D.II. Lanoe's score stands at seven kills at the time of his death, and he is von Richthofen's 11th victory.
 November 27–28 (overnight) – Eight German Navy Zeppelins set out to attack industrial targets in the British Midlands. Plagued by bad weather, mechanical problems, and British air defenses, they accomplish little, although L 34 bombs West Hartlepool, killing four and injuring 11 people. Royal Flying Corps Second Lieutenant Ian V. Pyott of No. 36 Squadron shoots down L 34 in flames over Castle Eden, killing her entire crew including her famed commander Max Dietrich. Soon thereafter, three Royal Naval Air Service BE.2cs, one of them flown by Flight Lieutenant Egbert Cadbury, shoot down L 21 off Lowestoft.
 November 28 – The first bombing of central London by a fixed-wing aircraft takes place when a German LVG C.II biplane flown by R. Brandt drops six bombs near Victoria station.

December
 December 26–27 (overnight) – In Operation Iron Cross, the Imperial German Navy dirigibles L 35 and L 38 attempt the first bombing of Petrograd, Russia. Neither bombs the target due to clouds and bad weather, and L 38 makes a forced landing at Seemuppen, Courland, in German-occupied Russia, where strong winds eventually destroy her on December 29.
 December 28 – While ground crewman are walking the German Navy Zeppelin L 24 to her shed at Tondern, Germany, she is slammed against her hangar by wind and catches fire. She and the Zeppelin L 17, which is in the hangar, are destroyed in the resulting blaze.
 December 28–29 (overnight) – Six German Navy airships – five Zeppelins and the Schütte-Lanz SL12 – attempt a raid on England but are recalled due to bad weather. SL12 is unable to return to base and lands nearby, where she is battered to pieces by wind.
 December 31 – 17,341 officers and men are deployed in the United Kingdom for home air defense. Among them are 12,000 officers and men manning antiaircraft guns and 2,200 officers and men assigned to the 12 Royal Flying Corps squadrons assigned to home air defense, operating 110 aeroplanes.

First flights
 Airco DH.6
 Avro 519
 Avro 522
 Gotha G.III
 Grigorovich M-11
 Grigorovich M-20
 Hansa-Brandenburg D.I
 Letord Let.1
 Siemens-Schuckert D.I
 Voisin VIII
 Early 1916 – Avro 527
 Early 1916 – Nieuport 16
 Spring 1916 – Siemens-Schuckert Forssman

January
 Nieuport 17
 ca. January – Siemens-Schuckert R.IV
 January 9 – Grigorovich M-9
 January 18 – Junkers J.1

February
 February 9 - Sopwith Pup flown by Harry Hawker

March
 Gotha G.II

April
 SPAD S.VII

May
 Armstrong Whitworth F.K.8
 Avro 523 Pike
 May 28 - Sopwith Triplane flown by Harry Hawker

June
 ca. June – Siemens-Schuckert R.V
 June 15 - B & W Seaplane, William Boeing's first aircraft.
 June 16 - Port Victoria P.V.2
 June 17 - Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8

July
Felixstowe F.2
 ca. July – Siemens-Schuckert R.VI
 July 25 - Anatra DS

August
 Airco DH.4
 Airco DH.5
 Albatros D.III

September
 September 9 - Bristol F.2A
 September 12 - Hewitt-Sperry Automatic Airplane

October
 October 25 - Bristol F.2B Fighter

November
 Nieuport 15
 November 21 - Breguet 14
 November 22 - Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5
 November 27 - British airship R,9

December
 December 10 – Avro 528
 December 24 – Sopwith Camel

Entered service
 Albatros C.V
 Grigorovich M-16 with the Imperial Russian Navy
 Nieuport 14
 Early 1916 – Halberstadt D.II with the Imperial German Flying Corps
 Autumn 1916 – Hansa-Brandenburg D.I with the Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops
 Late 1916 – Albatros C.III

January
 January 29 – Siemens-Schuckert R.IV with the German Luftstreitkräfte

February
 Airco DH.2 with No. 24 Squadron RFC
 Gotha UWD with the Imperial German Navy

March
 Nieuport 17

April
 Siemens-Schuckert Forssman with the German Luftstreitkräfte
 Sopwith 1½ Strutter

July
 July 20 – Siemens-Schuckert R.VI with the German Luftstreitkräfte

August
 Gotha G.II with the Imperial German Flying Corps
 SPAD S.VII with Escadrille No. 26 of the French Armys Service Aeronautique
 August 13 – Siemens-Schuckert R.V with the German Luftstreitkräfte

November
 Sopwith Triplane
 Voisin VIII

December
 December 24 - Sopwith Pup with No. 54 Squadron RFC

Retirements

March
 Avro 510 by the Royal Naval Air Service

April
 Avro 508

October
 October 2 – Gotha UWD by the Imperial German Navy

References

aviation
Aviation by year

1916 in aviation


Das Diakonissenkrankenhaus Dessau ist ein vormals eigenständiges Krankenhaus in der kreisfreien Stadt Dessau-Roßlau in Sachsen-Anhalt. Das Haus verfügt über 165 Betten (Stand 2016). Im Jahr 2010 wurden 6333 Patienten stationär und 3260 Patienten ambulant betreut. Im Jahr 2016 waren es 6618 stationär betreute Patienten und 7723 ambulant betreute Patienten.

Zum Jahreswechsel 2020/2021 schlossen sich das Städtische Klinikum und das Diakonissenkrankenhaus zusammen.

Geschichte
Die Krankenhausarbeit am Standort reicht bis ins Jahr 1894 zurück, als die Anhaltische Diakonissenanstalt Dessau (ADA) mit dem Ziel gegründet wurde, Frauen zur Pflege von Kranken, Armen und Kindern auszubilden. Zunächst wurden Patienten in den umliegenden Krankenhäusern betreut. 1916 entstand dann der erste Krankenhausbau mit 35 Betten.

Im Laufe einer kontinuierlichen Entwicklung wurden von 1994 bis 2006 ein neues Bettenhaus mit 165 Plätzen und ein moderner Operations- und Funktionstrakt erbaut sowie die vorhandene historische Bausubstanz vollständig saniert.

Im Jahr 2003 wurde das Krankenhaus als gemeinnützige GmbH aus der Anhaltischen Diakonissenanstalt ausgegliedert. Die Diakonissenkrankenhaus Dessau gemeinnützige GmbH hatte folgende Gesellschafter:
edia.con gemeinnützige GmbH, die Anhaltische Diakonissenanstalt Dessau und das Ev.-Luth. Diakonissenhaus Leipzig e.V.

Seit 2004 besteht am Diakonissenkrankenhaus zudem ein Medizinisches Leistungszentrum (MLZ), in dem vor allem niedergelassene Fachärzte ihre Patienten operativ behandeln können.

Im Jahr 2016 bezog das Medizinische Versorgungszentrum das Dessauer Diakonissenkrankenhauses einen neuen Standort, 800.000 Euro wurden in den Umbau der neuen Räumlichkeiten und der Praxisräume an der Gropiusallee investiert.

Die Anhaltische Diakonissenanstalt Dessau (Ada) will bis 2019 einen Erweiterungsbau für das Altenpflegeheim "Marienheim" errichten, der Neubau kostet rund 4,5 Millionen Euro.

Am 18. Dezember 2020 wurden die Verträge zum Zusammenschluss von Städtischem Klinikum und Diakonissenkrankenhaus unterzeichnet. Der Betriebsübergang fand zum Jahreswechsel 2020/2021 statt.

Damit ging eine über 100-jährige Tradition evangelischer Krankenhausarbeit in Dessau zu Ende.

Struktur
Das Diakonissenkrankenhaus ist gegliedert in Kliniken für Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin, für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, für Innere Medizin und Geriatrie, für Urologie, Kinderurologie und onkologische Eingriffe sowie in ein Medizinisches Leistungszentrum, an dem niedergelassene Fachärzte ihre Patienten operieren, die anschließend kurzstationär betreut werden.

Im Jahr 2007 wurden im Krankenhaus von der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft ein Darmzentrum und ein Prostatakarzinomzentrum zertifiziert. Des Weiteren werden im Krankenhaus Tropenimpfungen, Proktologie sowie Schmerz- und Palliativbehandlungen angeboten.

Im Diakonissenkrankenhaus Dessau werden Krankenpflegehelfer (Krankenpflegehilfeschule) sowie Operationstechnische Assistentinnen und Medizinische Fachangestellte ausgebildet.

Das Anhalt-Hospiz, das 2007 erbaut und am 14. Dezember 2007 eingeweiht wurde, bietet in enger Verbindung mit dem Diakonissenkrankenhaus Dessau acht Plätze zur Begleitung Schwerstkranker und Sterbender mit ihren Familien. Im Jahr 2017 feierte das Anhalt-Hospiz 10-jähriges Bestehen in der Laurentiushalle der Anhaltischen Diakonissenanstalt (ADA).

Direktorium
Seit dem Betriebsübergang auf das Städtische Klinikum Dessau zum 1. Januar 2021 gibt es kein eigenständiges Direktorium mehr.

Das letzte Direktorium setzte sich folgendermaßen zusammen:

 Torsten Ernst, Pfarrer, Theologischer Geschäftsführer
 Uwe Leicht, Kaufmännischer Geschäftsführer
 Udo Rebmann, Ärztlicher Direktor
 Johannes Koschig, Pflegedirektor

Weblinks

 www.ada-dessau.de
 www.anhalt-hospiz.de

Einzelnachweise

Dessau
Unternehmen (Dessau-Roßlau)
Dessau
Gegründet 2003
Christentum in Sachsen-Anhalt

Diakonissenkrankenhaus Dessau


سوزان ديكر  (من مواليد 1963) كانت رئيسة شركة ياهو! حتى 13 يناير 2009، حيث عينت كرول بارتز مكانها.

كانت سوزان المسؤولة المالية للشركة بين عامي 2000 و 2007، وضمن هذه المدة بين عامي 2002 و 2007 كانت بمنصب نائب الرئيس التنفيذي للإدارة والأمور المالية.

عملت سوزان ديكر كمحللة مالية في بنك دونالدسون، لوفكين وجنريت للاسثمارات المالية.

احتلت سوزان ديكر المركز الخمسين من ضمن قائمة مجلة فوربس لأقوى 100 امرأة في عام 2008 ، والتي تصنف النساء اعتماداً على المسيرة المهنية والتأثير الاقتصادي والتغطية الاعلامية.

المراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
خريجو جامعة تافتس
خريجو كلية هارفارد للأعمال
مواليد 1963
مواليد في ممفيس (تينيسي)
موظفو ياهو!
نساء أمريكيات

سوزان ديكر


Dragon Hill is a small hillock immediately below the Uffington White Horse on the border of the civil parishes of Uffington and Woolstone in the English county of Oxfordshire. In 1974 it was transferred from Berkshire.

Dragon Hill is a natural chalk hill with an artificially flattened top (on the scarp slope of White Horse Hill); according to legend, Saint George slew the dragon here. A bare patch of chalk upon which no grass will grow is purported to be where the dragon's blood spilled. It has been suggested as some sort of Iron Age ritual site associated with the nearby hill figure.

It is part of the White Horse group of monuments in the care of the National Trust, and a Scheduled Monument in its own right.

Influence and cultural references
The hill was used as the setting for the music video of the Kate Bush song "Cloudbusting".

References

External links
Uffington White Horse and Dragon Hill (Mysterious Britain & Ireland)

Hills of Oxfordshire
History of Berkshire
Iron Age sites in England
National Trust properties in Oxfordshire
Vale of White Horse
Archaeological sites in Oxfordshire

Dragon Hill, Uffington