is a town located in Sōraku District, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.  the town has an estimated population of 1,134 in 584 households. , the town had an estimated population of  4,355 in 1844 households and a population density of 48 persons per km². The total area of the town is . The town has the smallest population of any municipality in Kyoto.

Geography
Kasagi is located in far southern Kyoto Prefecture. Forests occupy 80% of the total area, with the Kizugawa River flowing through the center of the town, the Nunome River and the Uchitaki River flowing from the south, and the Yokogawa River from the north. The town also enclaves scattered in the eastern part of the Kamo district of Kizugawa City. Parts of the town are within the borders of the Kasagiyama Prefectural Natural Park.

Neighboring municipalities
 Kyoto Prefecture
 Kizugawa
 Wazuka
 Minamiyamashiro
 Nara Prefecture
Nara

Climate
Kasagi has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall.  The average annual temperature in Kasagi is 13.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1439 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.7 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.1 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Kasagi has declined in recent decades.

History
The area of Kasagi was part of ancient Yamashiro Province. The Kasagi-cho area developed as a key hub for water transportation from ancient times, as wood was cut and transported using the Kizugawa waterway for the construction of Tōdai-ji in Nara. During the Genkō War of 1331, Kasagi-dera became the temporary palace of Emperor Go-Daigo during the Siege of Kasagi.  During the Edo Period, the area north of the Kizugawa River was part of Tsu Domain, whereas the area south of the river was Yagyū Domain.  The village of Kasagi was established on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. Kasagi was raised to town status on January 1, 1934.

Government
Kasagi has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of eight members. Kasagi, collectively with the other municipalities of Sōraku District and the city of Kizugawa, contributes two members to the Kyoto Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of the Kyoto 6th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Kasagi is a rural area, with an economy based on agriculture and forestry.

Education
Kasagi has one public elementary school and one public junior high school operated by the Sōraku Tōbu kōiki rengō. The town does not have a high school

Transportation

Railway
 JR West - Kansai Main Line

Highways

Local attractions

 was a Shingon sect Buddhist temple said to have been founded by Emperor Kōbun or Emperor Tenmu. Historically it has had close relations with Tōdai-ji and Kōfuku-ji in Nara. It is an important temple in the history of Buddhism in Japan, and many eminent monks have served as abbot.  According to legend, the annual Omizutori ceremony at Tōdai-ji was begun by the monk Jitchū after he discovered a passage here that led to the heavenly home of Maitreya.

References

External links

 Kasagi official website

Towns in Kyoto Prefecture

Kasagi, Kyoto


غاموفو  هي مدينة في مقاطعة بيرم كراي في روسيا.

مراجع

مدن بيرم كراي

غاموفو (بيرم)


عائلة مجنونة جداً، هو مسلسل مصري درامي كوميدي، ألفه أحمد عوض وأخرجه رائد لبيب، وهو من بطولة فتحي عبد الوهاب ورانيا فريد شوفي ويوسف عثمان وآخرون.

الشخصيات

بالأضافة إلى: - إبراهيم ظريف - أسامة صبحى - أشرف درويش - امل دسوقي - بدوي فهمي - توفيق عبد الله - حسن شبل - خالد أحمد سعيد (طفل) - ريم كمال - سلمى الديب - سيد الصاوي - سيد محمود - طارق هتلر - طلعت الشريف - عاطف سعيد - عبد القوي سيد - ماري نبيل زكي - محمد الصفتي - محمد المهداوي - محمد جان - محمد درويش (ميمو) - محمد رجب - محمد عزت - محمد فوزي - محمد قنديل - منار شكري - نادر رشدي - نبيل زكي - هاجر منصور - هشام كامل - هيام الشوربجي - وسام وجيه - ولاء مصطفى - وليد حسن

مراجع

مسلسلات تلفزيونية مصرية بدأ عرضها في 2007
مسلسلات تلفزيونية كوميدية مصرية
مسلسلات وحيد سيف
مسلسلات يوسف داوود

عائلة مجنونة جدا (مسلسل)


Philadelphia Folk Festival - 40th Anniversary (en español: «Festival folclórico de Filadelfia: 40º aniversario») es un álbum en directo cuádruple, lanzado en 2001 por el sello estadounidense Sliced Bread Records e interpretado por varios artistas en su mayoría estadounidenses, pero también de otras nacionalidades. Entre los músicos figuran los ingleses Fairport Convention y Richard Thompson, los estadounidenses Bonnie Raitt, Nanci Griffith, Taj Mahal y Ricky Skaggs, así como los chilenos Inti-Illimani.

Como su nombre lo indica, el álbum corresponde a un trabajo editado a partir de las grabaciones obtenidas durante el 40º aniversario del Festival folclórico de Filadelfia, en la ciudad de Filadelfia, Pensilvania.

Lista de canciones

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Philadelphia Folk Festival

Álbumes de 2001
Cajas recopilatorias
Álbumes en vivo de varios artistas
Álbumes en vivo de Inti-Illimani
Álbumes en inglés


Bronson Gengezha es un escultor de Zimbabue, nacido el 21 de abril de 1981 en el barrio de Dzivarasekwa en Harare.

Datos biográficos
Bronson Gengezha nació en Dzivarasekwa, asistió a la Escuela Ellis Robins, donde tomó un interés especial por la historia del arte. Bronson atribuye a su padre, Temba Gengezha, ser la mayor fuente de inspiración para la creación de sus bellas obras . Desde 1975 hasta su prematura muerte en 2001, las esculturas de Temba Gengezha fueron inmensamente populares y celebradas tanto a nivel local como en el extranjero por su estilo y su arte.

Cuando era niño, Gengezha jugaba con piedras en el suelo de los talleres de su padre, pero no fue hasta 1998, a la edad de 17 años, cuando comenzó a esculpir piedras y afinar su visión artística bajo la tutela de su padre. Una de las características fundamentales de Gengezha es su gran creatividad, que se plasma en la habilidad, originalidad y atención al detalle de sus obras. Bronson Gengezha dice haber decidido mantener un estilo único y distintivo de arte Shona por influencia de los artistas Chituwa Jemali y Dominic Benhura.

Gengezha ha colaborado con muchos escultores de Zimbabue, gracias a su estancia en el centro de esculturas del Parque de Esculturas Chapungu.

Las obras de Bronson Gengezha están habitualmente inspiradas en la naturaleza, la vida cotidiana de Zimbabue, y los vínculos de la familia. Trabaja habitualmente dos tipos de piedra, la serpentina Kwekwe y la lepidolita .Sus esculturas se pueden encontrar en galerías y colecciones privadas de Alemania, Canadá, Australia, Holanda, Japón, Sudáfrica y Estados Unidos.

Notas y referencias

Notas

 Enlaces externos

Escultores de Zimbabue
Escultores del siglo XX
Escultores del siglo XXI
Zimbabuenses del siglo XX
Zimbabuenses del siglo XXI

Bronson Gengezha


වෝල්ට් මීටරය යනු අන්ත දෙකක් අතර විභව අන්තරය මැනීම සදහා භාවිතා කරන  උපකරණයකි.  ඇනලොග් වෝල්ට් මීටරය පරිපථයේ විභව වෙනසට සමානුපාත පරිමාණයක් පෙන්වමින් චලනය වන අතර ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මිටරය, ඇනලොග් ඩිජිටල් පරිවර්තකයක ආධාරයෙන් සංඛ්‍යාත්මක දර්ශකයක් ලබා දේ.

වෝල්ට් මීටර පරිපථ තුලදී රවුමක් ඇතුලත වූ V අකුරකින් සංකේතවත් කරනු ලැබේ.

වෝල්ට් මීටර විවිධාකර රාශියකින් නිෂ්පාදනය කරයි. ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් විදුලි හා ඉලෙක්ට්‍රෝනික් කටයුතු සදහා බාවිතා වන වෝල්ට් මිටර වර්ග දෙකකි. පැනලයක් මත සවි කරන ලද වෝල්ට් මිටර් මාදිලිය ජෙනේරේටර් හා වෙනත් උපකරණ අධික්ෂණය සදහා බාවිතා කරයි. එමෙන්ම ජංගම වෝල්ට් මිටර් මාදිලිය විභව අන්තරය මෙන්ම  ධාරාව හා ප්‍රතිරෝධය මැනීම සදහා වූ මල්ටිමීටරයක් ලෙසින් දැකගත හැකිය. විභව අන්තරයක් බවට පරිවර්තනය කල හැකි ඕනෑම මිනුම් ඒකකයක් (පීඩනය,උෂ්ණත්වය) සුදුසු පරිදි ක්‍රමාංකනය කිරීමෙන් පසු වෝල්ට් මීටර දර්ශකයක් තුල දැක්විය හැකිය.

සාමාන්‍ය භාවිතයේ පවතින ඇනලොග් වෝල්ට් මීටරයක නිරවද්‍යතාව ප්‍රතිශතයක් ලෙස කුඩා අගයක් විය හැකිය.  මේවා දශම අගයන්ගේ පවතින වොල්ටියතාවන්ගේ සිට දහස් සංඛ්‍යාත වෝල්ටීයතාවන් මැනීම සදහා භාවිතා කරයි. ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර් 1% වඩා ඉහළ නිරවද්‍යතාවකින් මිනුම් ඉදිරිපත් කිරීම සදහා භාවිත කල හැකි අතර විශේෂයෙන් ක්‍රමාංකනය කල උපකරණ ඉතා ඉහල නිරවද්‍යතාවක් පෙන්වයි. මෙසේ  විශේෂයෙන් ක්‍රමාංකනය කල උපකරණ මගින් මිලියනයට කොටස් කිහිපයක නිරවද්‍යතාවකින් යුතුව මිනුම් ලබා ගත හැකි වේ. කාරකත්මක වර්ධක (amplifiers) යොදා ගනිමින් නිපදවා ඇති වෝල්ට් මිටර ඉතා කුඩා විභව, මයික්‍රෝවෝල්ට් පරාසයේ හෝ ඊට පහල විභව මැනීමට භාවිතා කල හැක.

නිරවද්‍ය වෝල්ට් මීටර සෑදීමට ඇති ප්‍රධාන අභියෝගය වන්නේ එය නිවැරදිව ක්‍රමාංකනය කිරීමයි. විද්‍යාගාර තුලදී සියුම් කටයුතු සදහා "වෙස්ටන් කෝෂ(Weston cell)" සම්මත වෝල්ටීයතාව ලෙස භාවිතා වේ. නිවැරදි වෝල්ටීයතාවන් ඉලෙක්ට්‍රෝණික පරිපථ පදනම් කරගෙන ලබා ගත හැකි වේ.

ඇනලොග්  වෝල්ට්මීටරය

සල දගර ගැල්වනොමීටරයකට ශ්‍රේණිගතව යෙදු ප්‍රතිරෝධයක් ආධාරයෙන් එය  වෝල්ට් මීටරයක් ලෙස භාවිතා කල හැක. ගල්වනොමීටරය තුල පරිවරණය කරන ලද කම්බි දගරයක් චුම්බක ක්ෂේත්‍රයක් තුල රදවා ඇත. විද්‍යුත් ධාරාවක් යෙදු විට චුම්බක ක්ෂේත්‍රය හා කම්බි දගරය තුල ඇතිවන චුම්බක ක්ෂේත්‍රය අතර ඇතිවන ගැටීම නිසා ඇතිවන ව්‍යාවර්ථය හේතුවෙන් කම්බි දගරය වක්‍රාකාරව චලනයට නැඹුරු  වේ. මෙහිදී ඇතිවන ව්‍යාවර්ථය , කම්බි දගරය  තුල ධාරාවට සමානුපාත වේ. කම්බි දගරය , එය චලනය වන දිශාවට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධව ඇති දුන්නක් සම්පීඩනය කරමින් කරකැවෙන අතර  කම්බි දගරයේ ඇතිවන අපගමනය ධාරාවට හා විභව අන්තරයට සමානුපාත වේ. සලකුණු කල පරිමාණයක් මත ඇති පිහිටුම් දර්ශකයක් මගින් මෙම විභව අන්තරය පෙන්නුම් කරයි.

වෝල්ට් මීටර් නිර්මාණයේදී සලකා ඇති ප්‍රධාන කරුණක් නම් එය අදාල පරිපථයට අවම බාදාවක් වන ලෙසින් හා ක්‍රියාකිරීමට ඉතා කුඩා ධාරාවක් ලබා ගන්නා ලෙසින් නිර්මාණයි. සංවේදී ගල්වනොමිටරයක් විශාල ප්‍රතිරෝධ සමග භාවිතයෙන් මෙම අරමුණ සාක්ෂාත් කරගෙන ඇත.

එවැනි මීටරයක සංවේදීතාව "වෝල්ටයට ඕම්" මගින් ප්‍රකාශ කල හැකිය.

ස්ථිර චුම්බක ක්ෂේත්‍රයක් සහිත සල දගර උපකරණ සරල ධරා වලට පමණක් ප්‍රතිචාර දක්වයි. ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ථ වෝල්ටීයතා මැනීමට පරිපථය තුල සෘජුකාරක සවිකිරීම මගින් දගරය දෙපසට චලනය වීම වලක්වා ගනී. සමහර සල දගර උපකරණ වල පරිමාණය 0 මධ්‍යස්ථ කර අන්ත දෙකක් සහිතව පිහිටුවා ඇති අතර මේවා විභවයේ දිශාව මාරු වීම හදුනා ගැනීම සදහා උපකාරී වේ.

ස්ථිති විද්‍යුත් මුලධර්ම මත පදනම් වූ වෝල්ට් මීටර තුල ආරෝපිත තල දෙකක් එකිනෙකා මත ඇති කර ගන්නා විකර්ෂණය උපයෝගී කර ගනිමින් දුන්නකට සවි කරන ලද දර්ශකයක් චලනය කිරිම සිදුවේ. මේ ආකාරයේ වෝල්ට් මීටර් නොසැලකිය හැකි තරම් කුඩා ධාරාවක් ලබා ගන්නා අතර 100v වැඩි විභවයන් සදහා සංවේදී වේ. එමෙන්ම මේවා සරල හා ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ථ යන ධාරා වර්ග දෙකම සමග මිනුම් ලබා ගැනීමට භාවිතා කල හැකිය.

රික්ත කපාට වෝල්ට් මීටර සහ ක්ෂේත්‍ර ආචරණ ට්‍රාන්සිස්ටර් වෝල්ට් මීටර
වොල්ට් මීටරයේ දර්ශකය චලනයට අවශ්‍ය ධාරාව, පරීක්ෂණයට යොදා ගන්නා පරිපථයෙන්  ලබා නොගෙන ඒ වෙනුවට කාරකත්මක වර්ධකයක් හා බල සැපයුමක් මගින් ලබා ගැනීමෙන් වෝල්ට් මීටරයේ ප්‍රතිරෝධය හා සංවේදීතාවය වැඩි කර ගත හැක. ඉලෙක්ට්‍රොණික  කාරකත්මක වර්ධකයක් ආදානය හා වොල්ට් මීටරය අතර යෙදීමෙන් ලබාගත හැකි ප්‍රධාන ප්‍රයෝජන දෙකකි. සංවේදීතාව ඉතා ඉහල වීම අත්‍යාවශ්‍ය නොවන නිසා රළු සල දගර උපකරණ භාවිතා කල හැකි වීම හා ආදාන ප්‍රතිරෝධය ඉතා ඉහල අගයකට පත් කල හැකි වීම එම ප්‍රයෝජන ලෙස දැක්විය හැකිය. මේ ආකාරයේ වෝල්ට් මීටර වල සාමාන්‍යයෙන් මෙගා ඕම් 1, 2 හෝ 20 පමණ ප්‍රතිරෝධයක් පවතින අතර මේ සාමාන්‍යයෙන් තෝරාගන්නා පරාසයෙන් ස්වාධීන වේ. කලකට ඉහතදී ජනප්‍රියව පැවති උපකරණයක් ලෙස "රික්ත කපාට වෝල්ට් මීටරය" (vacuum tube voltmeter/VTVM) දැක්විය හැකිය. මේවා ගෘහස්ථ විදුලි සැපයුමේ ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ථ ධාරා භාවිතයෙන් පණගන්වන ලදී. අද වන නිට මේවා ක්ෂේත්‍ර ආචරණ ට්‍රාන්සිස්ටර්(field-effect transistors) යොදා නිපදවූ කාරකත්මක වර්ධක භාවිතා කරන අතර මේවා FET-VM  ලෙස හදුන්වනු ලැබේ. මෙම FET-VM  ජංගම මල්ටිමීටර හා නොයෙකුත් විද්‍යාගාර උපකරණ තුල දක්නට ලැබේ.

බොහෝ FET-VM හා VTVM උපකරණ වලින් සරල ධාරා වෝල්ටීයතා, ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ථ ධාරා වෝල්ටීයතා හා ප්‍රතිරෝධ මිනුම් ලබා ගත හැකි වේ. නවීන FET-VM උපකරණ ධාරා මිනුම් හා වෙනත් නොයෙකුත් අමතර කාර්යයන් කරගත හැකි ලෙස නිපදවා ඇත. විශේෂයෙන් නිපදවූ FET-VM හෝ VTVM උපකරණයක් ලෙස ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ථ ධාරා වොල්ට් මීටරය( AC voltmeter) දැක්විය හැකිය. මේවා ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ථ ධාරා වෝල්ටියතා මැනීම සදහා විශේෂයෙන් නිපදවා ඇති අතර සාමාන්‍ය බහු කාර්ය උපකරණ වලට වඩා වැඩි සංවේදීතාවක් හා වැඩි පරාසයක මිනුම් ලබා ගැනීමට හැකිය.

ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර්

ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර් , නොදන්නා විභවයක අගය මැන එය ඩිජිටල් අගයකට පරිවර්තනය කර සංඛ්‍යාත්මකව දර්ශනය කරයි. ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් විශේෂයෙන් සැකසු Integrating converter නම් ඇනලොග් ඩිජිටල් පරිවර්තකයක් (ADC) උපයෝගී කර ගනිමින් නිර්මාණය කරයි.

ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර් වල නිරවද්‍යතාව සාධක කිහිපයක් මත රදා පවතී. උෂ්ණත්වය, ආදාන ප්‍රතිරෝධය හා බල සැපයුම් වෝල්ටීයතාවේ විචලනයන් එම සාධක අතර වේ. අඩු මිල ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර් වල ආදාන ප්‍රතිරෝධය 10MΩ පමණ වේ. ඉහල නිරවද්‍යතාවක් සහිත ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටර් වල ආදාන ප්‍රතිරෝධය 1GΩ හෝ අඩු වෝල්ටියතා පරාස (20V ට අඩු) සදහා 1GΩ ට ඉහල අගයක් ගනී. මෙම උපකරණ වල නිරවද්‍යතාව නිෂ්පාදකයා සදහන් කරන ලද පරාසයේ පවත්වා ගැනීමට කලින් කලට එය වෙස්ටන් කෝෂයක් (Weston cell) සමග සංසන්දනය කර ක්‍රමාංකනය කල යුතු වේ.

පළමු  ඩිජිටල් වෝල්ට් මීටරය නිෂ්පාදනය කර බෙදා හරින ලද්දේ 1954 වසරේදී " Non-Linear Systems" සමාගමේ "Andrew Kay"(පසුකාලීනව Kaypro සමාගමේ නිර්මාතෘ) විසිනි..

යොමු

වෝල්ට් මීටරය


The small pratincole, little pratincole, or small Indian pratincole (Glareola lactea) is a small wader in the pratincole family, Glareolidae.

Distribution
The small pratincole is a resident breeder in India, Western Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Sri Lanka and Thailand. It breeds from December to March on gravel or sand banks near rivers and lakes, laying 2–4 eggs in a ground scrape. Breeding areas include small areas in northern Karnataka (manvi district raichur.(and along the Hemavathi River) and northern Kerala near Kannur.

This species is only  in length, with a  wingspan. Because of its small size, the small pratincole can be briefly confused in flight with swifts or swallows.

Description
This bird has short legs, long pointed wings and a short tail. Its short bill is an adaptation to aerial feeding. On the ground, it looks mainly pale grey (hence lactea, milky). The crown of the head is brown.

The wings are grey above with black primaries and black and white bars at the rear edge of the inner flight feathers. The underwings are mainly black. The tail is white with a black terminal triangle. The belly is white.

Ecology
The most unusual feature of the pratincoles is that although classed as waders they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like swallows, although they can also feed on the ground.

The small pratincole is a species of open country, and is often seen near water in the evening, hawking for insects.

References

small pratincole
Birds of South Asia
Birds of Southeast Asia
small pratincole
Taxa named by Coenraad Jacob Temminck

Small pratincole


Yeni, İzmir'in Kemalpaşa ilçesine bağlı bir mahalle.

Kemalpaşa ilçe merkezine 20 km uzaklıktadır. 5216 Sayılı Büyükşehir Belediye Yasası kapsamına girmeden önce Bağyurdu beldesine bağlı olan bölge, belde belediyesinin kapatılmasıyla mahalle hâline getirilerek İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesine bağlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

Kemalpaşa'nın mahalleleri

Yeni, Kemalpaşa


David Leslie Taylor (22 August 1946 – 26 December 2009) was a British Labour Co-operative politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for North West Leicestershire from 1997 until his death in 2009.

Biography
David Taylor was born in Ashby de la Zouch. He went to Heather County Primary School near Coalville, Ashby Boys' Grammar School (now known as Ashby School) and Leicester Polytechnic.

Career
At Leicester Polytechnic, he became a Chartered Public Finance Accountant in 1970. At the Open University, he gained a BA in Maths and Computing in 1974. During this time, he wrote the first CASCAID computer program that evolved into the modern-day Kudos and Adult Directions programs. Before being elected as a Member of Parliament, Taylor was an accountant and the computer applications manager for Leicestershire County Council from 1977 to 1997.

He founded Safeguard the Quality of the Rural Environment (SQUARE) and had been a parish councillor, churchwarden of St John the Baptist church in Heather, President of Heather Sparkenhoe Cricket Club, magistrate and school governor.

Religion
Taylor was a committed Christian and described himself as an ecumenical Anglican.

Personal life
Taylor married Pamela Caunt on 13 September 1969 in Loughborough. The couple had four daughters (and one son, deceased), one granddaughter and one grandson.

Death
On Boxing Day 2009, whilst walking with his family at Calke Abbey, Derbyshire, Taylor suffered a massive heart attack. He was taken by ambulance to Queens Hospital in Burton-on-Trent hospital, but paramedics were unable to save him. The event occurred during his day off while spending time with his family; he had previously announced that he would not run for re-election due to the high workload.

Parliamentary career
He first contested his seat in 1992, achieving a 5.9% swing compared to the national 3.6% swing to Labour.

Taylor's views were on the left of the Labour Party. He was widely regarded as one of the parliamentary rebels and had rebelled on 7.2% of votes since June 2001.

As Chair of the All-Party Group on Smoking and Health, he was particularly active on the issue of tobacco control and a Member of the Chairmen's Panel Committee and a Member of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee.

Taylor described it as "a real privilege" to win the title of Commons Backbencher of the Year 2007 in the Annual Awards organised by Sky TV and The House Magazine and decided by a ballot of all 646 MPs. His citation described him as "an indefatigable campaigner, constant attender and independent-minded".

He was one of only a small number of Labour MPs to hold an anti-abortion position.

Expenses

Prior to this, he opened his complete "unredacted" expenses file to the local newspaper, the Leicester Mercury.

Following the new emergency interim rules announced on 19 May 2009 by the Speaker, which say that furniture should no longer be claimed for, Taylor voluntarily elected to apply those new rules retrospectively in his case for the life of the parliament and had since made a refund based on the fully funded purchase price of all such items.

Standing down
At the May 2008 meeting of his Constituency Labour Party, Taylor announced he would not be standing for re-election at the next general election. Taylor died on 26 December 2009, before the upcoming general election. As an election was due to be called within four months, no by-election was held. At the 2010 general election, Taylor's former seat was gained by Andrew Bridgen of the Conservative Party.

References

External links
 Website of David Taylor, MP

 BBC Politics page
 Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: David Taylor MP
 TheyWorkForYou.com – David Taylor MP
 Open Rights Group – David Taylor MP
 Blog

News items
 David Taylor: Face wash included in claims list
 MP admits 'lack of judgement' over claims
 Seizing gypsies vehicles in October 2007
 Pledging to refund £5 to every constituent in November 2004
 School governors in January 1999

1946 births
2009 deaths
People from Ashby-de-la-Zouch
Alumni of the Open University
Alumni of De Montfort University
English accountants
English Anglicans
Labour Co-operative MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
European democratic socialists
Anglican socialists
English Christian socialists
20th-century English businesspeople
British Eurosceptics

David Taylor (Labour politician)


"Run It Up" é uma canção do rapper americano Lil Tjay com Offset e Moneybagg Yo. Foi lançada em 2 de abril de 2021 do segundo álbum de estúdio de Lil Tjay, Destined 2 Win, com um videoclipe que o acompanha. A música foi produzida por Josh Petruccio.

Composição
A música apresenta um "loop de piano melancólico e alguma percussão acelerada" no instrumental. LIl Tjay começa com o primeiro verso, no qual ele "prova porque é um dos recém-chegados de destaque no jogo", antes de Offset e Moneybagg Yo fazerem rap no segundo e terceiro versos, respectivamente. Os três falam sobre seus estilos de vida individuais, que envolvem "carros estrangeiros e joias de luxo".

Videoclipe
A música foi dirigida por Whipalo. Ele abre com Lil Tjay em uma garagem, exibindo uma "coleção de carros luxuosa" e seu dinheiro. Enquanto Offset canta seu verso, um BMW cinza faz rosquinhas ao seu redor. Moneybagg Yo faz rap ao lado de alguns carros também. No final, Lil Tjay "faz chover no meio de uma fogueira dentro da garagem".

Canções de 2021

Run It Up


Der erste Act of Succession (zu deutsch: Thronfolgegesetz, mitunter auch Sukzessionsakt) vom 23. März 1534 war eine Neuregelung der englischen Thronfolge durch König Heinrich VIII. Der Akt diente dazu, seine Tochter Elisabeth aus seiner zweiten Ehe mit Anne Boleyn an erste Stelle in der Thronfolge zu setzen. Seine ältere Tochter Maria aus der Ehe mit Katharina von Aragón wurde hingegen zum königlichen Bastard erklärt. Untertanen, die dazu aufgefordert wurden, waren verpflichtet, einen Eid auf den Akt zu leisten, da ihnen andernfalls eine Anklage wegen Hochverrats drohte. 1536 wurde ein zweiter und 1544 schließlich ein dritter Act of Succession verabschiedet, die den ersten Akt ersetzten.

Hintergründe

Im Jahr 1533 heiratete König Heinrich VIII. nach sechs Jahren des Umwerbens seine schwangere Geliebte Anne Boleyn. Seine Ehe mit Katharina von Aragón hatte statt des erhofften Sohnes nur eine Tochter hervorgebracht, die zukünftige Maria I. Obwohl Frauen in der englischen Thronfolge durchaus erbberechtigt waren, befürchtete Heinrich, dass nach seinem Tod ohne einen männlichen Erben ein Bürgerkrieg ausbrechen würde, wie es unter Kaiserin Matilda geschehen war. Von Anne Boleyn, die deutlich jünger war als Katharina, erhoffte sich Heinrich endlich männlichen Nachwuchs. Statt eines Sohnes brachte die neue Königin am 7. September 1533 jedoch eine Tochter zur Welt, die zukünftige Elisabeth I.

Bislang war Prinzessin Maria Heinrichs einziges, legitimes Kind gewesen und stand somit an erster Stelle in der Thronfolge. Die Geburt einer jüngeren Schwester hätte nach dem Gesetz der Primogenitur Marias Status keineswegs gefährdet, da sie als älteste Tochter nach wie vor den ersten Anspruch auf die Krone hatte. Lediglich ein Bruder hätte ihre Stellung in der Thronfolge einnehmen können. Allerdings wurde Heinrichs Ehe mit Anne Boleyn im Ausland und teilweise auch in England nicht als legitim anerkannt, da der Papst sich geweigert hatte, die Ehe mit Katharina zu annullieren. Da Katharina noch am Leben war, lebte der König für viele Zeitgenossen in Bigamie.

Damit wäre auch männlicher Nachwuchs aus dieser Ehe lediglich ein königlicher Bastard gewesen, was den Ausschluss aus der Thronfolge bedeutet hätte. Aus diesem Grund wurde es für Heinrich zwingend erforderlich, Elisabeth und eventuelle zukünftige Nachkommen Anne Boleyns gesetzlich zu legitimieren. Eine zwangsläufige Konsequenz dieser Legitimierung war die Bastardisierung Marias: war die Ehe mit Anne Boleyn die einzig gültige Ehe des Königs mit legitimen Erben, dann war die Ehe mit Katharina ungültig und ihre Tochter lediglich ein königlicher Bastard ohne Anspruch auf den Thron.

Inhalt

Im März 1534 verabschiedete das Parlament schließlich den ersten Act of Succession. Zu den Unterzeichnenden gehörten u. a. Thomas Cranmer, amtierender Erzbischof von Canterbury, Heinrichs unehelicher Sohn Henry Fitzroy, Anne Boleyns Onkel Thomas Howard, ihr Bruder George Boleyn, Heinrichs Schwager Charles Brandon und Heinrichs Cousin Henry Courtenay. Da Heinrich eine gesetzliche Grundlage brauchte, um seine Ehe mit Anne Boleyn zu legitimieren, erklärte der erste Paragraf des Aktes die Einmischung des Papstes und fremder Mächte in die englische Erbfolge als ungültig.

Mit der Aberkennung der päpstlichen Autorität war auch das päpstliche Urteil bezüglich Heinrichs erster Ehe ungültig geworden. Der Akt erklärte, dass Katharina "zuvor die rechtmäßige Gemahlin von Prinz Arthur war, Eurem älteren Bruder, von dem sie fleischlich erkannt worden war" und sie sollte daher "von nun an nur noch als Witwe von Prinz Arthur bezeichnet und angesehen werden und nicht als Königin dieses Reiches". Um in Zukunft ähnlich ungültigen Ehen vorzubeugen, definierte der Akt noch einmal die Verwandtschaftsgrade, zwischen denen eine Heirat verboten war. Kinder, die aus diesen Verbindungen entsprangen, wurden zu Bastarden.

Einen Gegensatz dazu bildete "die rechtskräftige Ehe, die zwischen Eurer Hoheit und Eurer teuren, geliebten Gemahlin Königin Anne vollzogen und gefeiert wurde". Somit waren nur noch Heinrichs Kinder aus der Ehe mit Anne Boleyn legitime Erben der Krone. Zudem definierte der Akt es als Hochverrat, andere Personen als Anne Boleyn und Elisabeth als Königin bzw. Prinzessin von England zu bezeichnen. Jeder Versuch, Maria wieder in die Thronfolge einzugliedern, stand nun laut dem Akt unter Todesstrafe, genau wie die Verunglimpfung Anne Boleyns.

Falls dem König etwas zustieß, bevor seine Erben volljährig waren, schrieb der Akt vor, sie von ihrer Mutter und dem Rat aufziehen zu lassen. Anne Boleyn wäre in diesem Fall Regentin von England geworden. Um all diese Punkte durchzusetzen, wurde am Ende des Aktes ein Eid angehängt, den alle Untertanen bei Aufforderung leisten mussten. Sollten sie sich weigern, mussten sie mit schweren Strafen rechnen und konnten im schlimmsten Fall als Verräter angeklagt werden. Eine Verurteilung wegen Verrats bedeutete nicht nur die Todesstrafe für die Betroffenen, sondern auch die Beschlagnahmung all ihrer weltlichen Güter, was in den meisten Fällen die Verelendung ihrer Familien zur Folge hatte.

Folgen

Sobald der Akt in Kraft trat, erhielt Elisabeth den Titel der Prinzessin von England und den ersten Platz in der Thronfolge, den zuvor ihre Halbschwester Maria innegehabt hatte. Heinrichs Minister Thomas Cromwell ließ unverzüglich Abschriften anfertigen und an Prinzessin Maria und Katharina von Aragón senden, "damit es in ihrer Gegenwart vorgelesen und ihre Antworten aufgenommen würden." Sowohl Maria als auch ihre Mutter Katharina von Aragón weigerten sich den Akt anzuerkennen. Katharina erklärte, sie würde die Gesetze dieses Landes nicht diskutieren, sondern lediglich das Urteil des Papstes akzeptieren. Durch den Akt war es jedoch illegal geworden, sich an die Gerichte in Rom zu wenden. Unbeeindruckt entgegnete Katharina: "Wenn einer von euch Befugnis besitzt, diese Strafe an mir durchzuführen, bin ich bereit. Ich bitte lediglich darum, dass es mir gestattet wird, in Sichtweite des Volkes zu sterben."

Maria war zwar bereit, Elisabeth als ihre Schwester anzuerkennen, weigerte sich jedoch, sie als Prinzessin von England zu bezeichnen. Auch Heinrichs Versuch, sie mit Bitten und dem Versprechen auf königliche Titel umzustimmen, blieb erfolglos. Maria beharrte darauf, dass "Gott sie nicht so geblendet hätte, dass sie für irgendein Königreich auf Erden zugeben würde, ihr Vater der König und ihre Mutter die Königin hätten so lange Zeit in Ehebruch gelebt; noch würde sie die Bestimmungen der Kirche verletzen und sich zum Bastard erklären." Aufgrund dieser Weigerung trennte Heinrich Mutter und Tochter dauerhaft voneinander, selbst als Maria krank wurde und Katharina im Sterben lag. Der spanische Botschafter Eustace Chapuys schrieb über die Prinzessin an deren Cousin, Kaiser Karl V.:

Thomas Morus und der Bischof John Fisher waren beide bereit, die neue Thronfolge anzuerkennen, weigerten sich aber aus Gewissensgründen den Eid zu leisten, nach Meinung von Zeitgenossen aufgrund der Angriffe auf die römisch-katholische Kirche in England und aus Sympathie mit Katharina und Maria. Mit halben Versprechen wollte sich Heinrich jedoch nicht zufriedengeben, da es sonst andere Dissidenten ermutigt hätte. Fisher hatte in den sechs Jahren, in denen Heinrich um Anne Boleyn warb, sowohl schriftlich als auch mündlich stets Katharina verteidigt. Morus selbst hatte in seinem Traktat The Apology of Sir Thomas More alle Christen aufgefordert, fest auf der Seite des alten Glaubens zu stehen und sich nicht auf etwas einzulassen, was ihre Väter als Ketzerei bezeichnet hätten.

Beide wurden im Tower of London inhaftiert und im folgenden Jahr hingerichtet. Dennoch ermutigte ihr Beispiel Maria und Katharina und bestärkte sie in ihrer Haltung. Katharina blieb bis zu ihrem Tod im Januar 1536 standhaft. Maria gab erst nach, als der König bereits seine dritte Ehe geschlossen hatte und ihre engsten Freunde bedrohte.

Der Akt galt lediglich für zwei Jahre. Kurz nach Anne Boleyns Hinrichtung im Jahr 1536 und der erneuten Heirat des Königs verabschiedete das Parlament den zweiten Act of Succession, der Elisabeth bastardisierte und lediglich die Nachkommen Heinrichs mit seiner neuen Königin Jane Seymour zu legitimen Erben der Krone erklärte. 1544 verabschiedete das Parlament schließlich den dritten und letzten Act of Succession unter Heinrich VIII., der sowohl Maria als auch Elisabeth und die Nachkommen ihrer Tante Mary Tudor – unter anderem Lady Jane Grey – in die Thronfolge aufnahm. Dieser Akt wurde erst unter König Jakob I. per Parlamentsbeschluss aufgehoben.

Literatur

 Tanja Weiler: Heinrich VIII. und die englische Reformation. Examensarbeit. 2009 GRIN Verlag, ISBN 978-3-640-58982-1

Weblinks

 The Act of Succesion, 1534
 THE FIRST ACT OF SUCCESSION, A.D. 1534.
 First Succession Act

Einzelnachweise

Historische Rechtsquelle (Vereinigtes Königreich)
Rechtsquelle (16. Jahrhundert)
Heinrich VIII. (England)
Rechtsgeschichte der Frühen Neuzeit (England und Wales)
Elisabeth I.
1534

1. Act of Succession


Die Maschinenfabrik Dexheimer GmbH ist ein deutscher Hersteller von Schmalspurtraktoren. Jährlich werden um die einhundert Traktoren speziell nach den Wünschen der Kunden gefertigt. Der Standort des Unternehmens ist Wallertheim im Weinbaugebiet Rheinhessen in Rheinland-Pfalz. Sie wurde 1969 gegründet als die Traktorenfertigung aus der Georg Dexheimer KG ausgegliedert wurde. Heute ist sie ein Unternehmen der Dexheimer Gruppe zu welcher noch ein Handelsbetrieb für Agrar-, Weinbau- und Kellereitechnik die Georg Dexheimer GmbH & Co KG gehört.

Geschichte
Der gelernte Schlosser und Landmaschinenmeister Georg Dexheimer (* 1859) gründete im Jahre 1885 in Wallertheim unter dem Namen Dexheimer-Landmaschinen eine Reparaturwerkstatt für landwirtschaftliche Geräte. 1886 wurde das Geschäftshaus in der Wallertheimer Straße errichtet. Im Jahre 1889 wurde der Betrieb dann um ein Handelsgeschäft für Landmaschinen und Geräte erweitert. Der Betrieb wuchs stetig, so dass 1910 mit dem Bau eines neuen Werkstattgebäudes in der Wallertheimer Bahnhofstraße begonnen wurde. Noch vor der Fertigstellung verstarb Georg Dexheimer im Alter von 53 Jahren, worauf sein Sohn Jakob (* 1888) den Familienbetrieb weiter führte. 1915 wurde Jakob Dexheimer zum Militär eingezogen. Erst 1918 nach Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs kehrt er wieder heim. Da der Werkstatteinrichtung von der französischen Besatzungsmacht deportiert worden war, stand er vor einem Neuanfang.

1919 trat Karl Decker, der Schwiegersohn von Jakob Dexheimer, in das Unternehmen ein und übernahm die kaufmännische Leitung. Da die Produktion von Traubenmühlen, Kartoffelmühlen, Acker- und Leiterwagen stark anstieg, wurden 1921 und 1924 weitere Gebäude für die Fertigung errichtet. 1952 beteiligen sich die Kinder Fritz-Karl, Charlotte, Elisabeth und Katharina Decker am Betrieb. Katharina baute mit ihrem Mann Eduard Lenga einen eigenen Landmaschinenbetrieb in Westfalen auf. Doch nach dem Tod von Jakob Dexheimer kehrten sie nach Wallertheim zurück und Eduard Lenga übernahm die Technische Leitung. Anlässlich des 75-jährigen Jubiläums 1960 wird eine neue Werkshalle mit Bürogebäude übergeben.

Als in den 1960er Jahren die Mechanisierung im Weinbau begann, entwickelte man bei Dexheimer einen Schmalspurtraktor speziell für diesen Aufgabenbereich. 1966 wurde dann der DEXHEIMER Allrad 222 vorgestellt. Der erste starre Schmalspurtraktor mit Allrad-Antrieb. Da auch Bungartz&Peschke Interesse hatten, ihre Schmalspurtraktoren mit Allrad anzubieten, erwarben sie von der Firma Dexheimer eine Fertigungslizenz für die Ausführung der Vorderachse. Die Nachfrage nach den Dexheimer Traktoren war so groß, dass 1968 ein eigener Produktionsbetriebs am Wallertheimer Bahnhof gebaut wurde. 1969 wurde dann die Traktorenfertigung aus dem Landmaschinenbetrieb Georg Dexheimer KG in die Maschinenfabrik Dexheimer & Co KG ausgegliedert. 1981 übernahm Rainer Lenga die Geschäftsführung des Unternehmens.

1989 wurde die Maschinenfabrik Dexheimer & Co. KG zur Maschinenfabrik Dexheimer GmbH umfirmiert.

2013 wurde laut Herstellerangabe die Produktion von Weinbautraktoren eingestellt.

Produkte
Seit 2007 wird die Serie 500 Integral gefertigt. Sie umfasst ein leistungsstarkes Programm von Kompakt-Allradtraktoren von 70 bis 101 PS.

Literatur

Weblinks

 Offizielle Website

Einzelnachweise

Produzierendes Unternehmen (Landkreis Alzey-Worms)
Ehemaliger Traktorenhersteller
Wallertheim

Maschinenfabrik Dexheimer


Marias dag er en film instrueret af Kristian Paludan.

Handling
Guinea-Bissau - en dag i Marias liv.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1983

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Marias dag


British American Racing, 1999 - 2005 arasında yarışan Formula 1 takımı. BAR, Tyrrell takımının satın alınması ve Supertec motorlarıyla anlaşılması sonucunda kuruldu, ancak daha sonra altı yıl için Honda ile anlaştı. 2004 Kasımında Honda F1 takımın %45 hissesini satın aldı. Eylül 2005'te ise kalan %55 hisseyi de alarak takımın tek sahibi oldu ve 2006 sezonu için takımın adını BAR-Honda'dan Honda'ya çevirdi.

Bağlantılar

 Honda

Formula 1 takımları
Renault
Honda

British American Racing


"Dancing Queen" is a Europop and disco song by the Swedish group ABBA, released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, Arrival (1976). It was written by Benny Andersson, Björn Ulvaeus and Stig Anderson. Andersson and Ulvaeus also produced the song. "Dancing Queen" was released as a single in Sweden on 16 August 1976, followed by a UK release and the rest of Europe a few days later. It was a worldwide hit. It became ABBA's only number one hit in the United States, and topped the charts in Australia, Canada, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, West Germany and the Soviet Union. "Dancing Queen" also reached the top five in many other countries.

Musically, "Dancing Queen" is a Europop version of American disco music. As disco music dominated the US charts, the group decided to follow the trend, replicating Phil Spector's Wall of Sound arrangements. Andersson and Ulvaeus have cited George McCrae's "Rock Your Baby" as a source of inspiration for the style of the song. The song alternates between "languid yet seductive verses" and a "dramatic chorus that ascends to heart-tugging high notes". It features keyboard lines by Andersson, which accentuate the melody's sophistication and classical complexity, while Ulvaeus and Andersson interlace many instrumental hooks in and out of the mix. Agnetha Fältskog and Anni-Frid Lyngstad's layered vocals have been noted for their dynamism, "[negotiating] the melody's many turns flawlessly." Lyrically, the song concerns a visit to the discothèque, but approaches the subject from the joy of dancing itself.

In 2015, the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

Background and release
The recording sessions for "Dancing Queen" began on 4 August 1975. The demo was called "Boogaloo" and as the sessions progressed, Andersson and Ulvaeus found inspiration in the dance rhythm of George McCrae's "Rock Your Baby", as well as the drumming on Dr. John's 1972 album, Dr. John's Gumbo. The opening melody echoes "Sing My Way Home" by Delaney & Bonnie (from Motel Shot, 1971). Fältskog and Lyngstad recorded the vocals during sessions in September 1975, and the track was completed three months later.

During the sessions, Benny Andersson brought a tape home with the backing track on it and played it to Anni-Frid Lyngstad, who apparently started crying when listening.  Lyngstad said, "I found the song so beautiful. It's one of those songs that goes straight to your heart". Agnetha Fältskog later said: "It's often difficult to know what will be a hit. The exception was 'Dancing Queen.' We all knew it was going to be massive."

While working on the lyrics, the first half of the second verse was scrapped: "Baby, baby, you're out of sight/hey, you're looking all right tonight/when you come to the party/listen to the guys/they've got the look in their eyes..." It survives in footage from a recording session.

The band (especially Andersson) wanted to release "Dancing Queen" as the follow-up single to "Mamma Mia" but their manager, Stig Anderson, insisted that the more sedate and folksy "Fernando" should be first, as he felt it would appeal to a broader audience and so was more likely to be a hit. Therefore, whilst "Dancing Queen" premiered on both German and Japanese television during the spring of 1976, the song did not appear on vinyl until later that summer, having had its first live and domestic performance on 18 June 1976 during an all-star gala staged by Kjerstin Dellert at the Royal Swedish Opera (and shown on Swedish TV) in honour of King Carl XVI Gustaf and his bride-to-be, Silvia Sommerlath, who were married the next day. For their 1980 Spanish-language compilation-album Gracias Por La Música, ABBA recorded a Spanish version of "Dancing Queen", renamed "Reina Danzante", with Spanish lyrics provided by Buddy and Mary McCluskey. The track was retitled "La Reina Del Baile" when included on the compilation album ABBA Oro: Grandes Éxitos in the 1990s.

In 1993, in honour of Swedish Queen Silvia's 50th birthday, Anni-Frid Lyngstad was asked to perform "Dancing Queen" on stage, repeating ABBA's 1976 performance of the song at the pre-wedding gala for King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia. Frida contacted The Real Group and together they did an a cappella version of the song on stage at the Royal Opera House in Stockholm, in front of the king and queen. The Swedish prime minister at the time, Ingvar Carlsson, was also in the audience that night and said it was an ingenious idea to perform "Dancing Queen" a cappella. The performance was recorded by Sveriges Television (SVT) and is included in the biographical documentary Frida – The DVD and The Real Group's 1994 compilation album Varför får man inte bara vara som man är. When King Carl Gustaf and Queen Silvia attended the Tramp nightclub in London, the King requested that the DJ would play "Dancing Queen" owing to its use shortly before their wedding as previously mentioned.

For the soundtrack of the 1994 Australian film Muriel's Wedding, songwriters Ulvaeus and Andersson allowed the use of "Dancing Queen" and other ABBA hits. "Dancing Queen" was among the ABBA songs included in Mamma Mia!, the jukebox musical first produced in 1999 and adapted into film in 2008, as well as the sequel, Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again (2018).

The first International Standard Musical Work Code was assigned in 1995 to "Dancing Queen"; the code is T-000.000.001-0.

Critical reception
According to Donald A. Guarisco of AllMusic, the track's "sincerity and sheer musicality have allowed it to outlast the disco boom and become a standard of dance-pop." The song's release also cemented ABBA as an international act and signified the beginning of the group's 'classic period', which would span the following four years. It has become a standard for dance divas like Carol Douglas and Kylie Minogue, and it has been covered numerous times by acts including Ireland's U2. The song has been adopted by the LGBT community and, according to Mojo magazine, remains one of the most ubiquitous "gay anthems".  Billboard found the theme of a person's greatest experience coming at a disco age 17 to be more substantive than most ABBA songs, and compared the vocal harmonies to the Mamas and the Papas.  Cash Box said that the song is "backed by a strong upbeat, in keeping with the title" and "the hooks brought by lush vocal harmonies, as well as the reverb-soaked wall of sound that distinguishes this group, are present." Record World said that "the disco-styled treatment should make it a favorite [in the United States]."

Chart performance
"Dancing Queen" was a worldwide No. 1 hit, topping the charts in more than a dozen countries including ABBA's native Sweden (where it spent 14 weeks at the top), Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, West Germany, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway (where it charted for 32 weeks (VG-lista Top 10), making it the 11th best-performing single in that country), South Africa and Rhodesia. "Dancing Queen" also topped the charts in the United States, ABBA's only  1 on the Billboard Hot 100, and was a Top 5 hit in Austria, Finland, France and Switzerland. The song sold over three million copies. The track was the fourth biggest single of 1976 in the UK.

In the UK Singles Chart, "Dancing Queen" was the last of three consecutive chart-toppers for ABBA in 1976, following "Mamma Mia" and "Fernando" earlier in the year. The song was re-released in the UK in 1992, taking advantage of an ABBA revival sparked by the success of Erasure's Abba-esque EP. The re-issued "Dancing Queen" reached No. 16 in the UK in September 1992.

As of September 2021, it is ABBA's biggest song in the UK, being their only million-seller with 1.65 million chart sales, including 93 million streams since 2014.

Legacy
In 2000, "Dancing Queen" came fourth in a Channel 4 television poll of "The 100 Greatest Number One Singles". It was chosen as No. 148 on the Recording Industry Association of America's Songs of the Century list. It was ranked No. 171 on Rolling Stones 2004 list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, the only ABBA song on the list. That same year, it made VH1's 100 Greatest Dance Songs in Rock & Roll at No. 97. Also in 2000, editors of Rolling Stone with MTV compiled a list of the best 100 pop songs; "Dancing Queen" placed 12th among songs of the 1970s. Billboard and Rolling Stone both ranked the song number one on their lists of the greatest ABBA songs.

On 9 November 2002, the results of a poll, "Top 50 Favourite UK #1's", was broadcast on Radio 2, celebrating the 50th anniversary of The Official UK Charts Company. 188,357 listeners voted and "Dancing Queen" came out at No. 8. On 5 December 2010, Britain's ITV broadcast the results of a poll to determine "The Nation's Favourite ABBA Song" in which "Dancing Queen" placed at No. 2.

In 2009, the British performing rights group Phonographic Performance Limited celebrated its 75th anniversary by listing the 75 songs that have played most in Great Britain on the radio, in clubs and on jukeboxes. "Dancing Queen" was number eight on the list.

Former US presidential candidate John McCain named "Dancing Queen" as his favourite song in a top-10 list submitted to Blender magazine in August 2008.

In August 2012, listeners to the 1970s-themed UK radio station "Smooth 70s" voted "Dancing Queen" as their favourite hit of the decade.

In October 2014, the musical instrument insurer Musicguard carried out a survey determining "Dancing Queen" to be the United Kingdom's favourite "floorfiller". Unlike its closest competitors, "Billie Jean"  by Michael Jackson (No. 2) and "Twist and Shout" by The Beatles (No. 3), it turned out to be very popular throughout the nation whereas the other two were strong regional favourites.

In 2015, "Dancing Queen" was inducted into the Recording Academy's Grammy Hall of Fame.

Online music magazine Pitchfork positioned Dancing Queen at number 80 in its 2016 ranking of the 200 best songs of the 1970s. Reviewer Cameron Cook wrote it is "a song so confident in its structure that its starts from the middle of its chorus", adding that it "bottles the out-of-body euphoria that accompanies dancing for dancing's sake, with no agenda or motive other than pure joy." Eschewing the "disco" label sometimes attached to the track by latter-day critics, Cook called it "a pitch-perfect portrait of the hedonistic disco scene they were mimicking via their own, more down-to-Earth Europop".

In September 2016, The Guardian ran an article by Tim Jonze entitled "Why Abba's Dancing Queen is the best pop song ever". Jonze writes: "Dancing Queen is beautifully produced: catchy and euphoric, the perfect backdrop for a song that encapsulates the carefree bliss of youth". Several artists are cited as being influenced by the song, including Elvis Costello ("Oliver's Army"), MGMT ("Time to Pretend") and Chris Stein of Blondie ("Dreaming").
In 1993, Hong Kong singer Angela Pang covered this song in the Cantonese language.

The British online music industry magazine NME placed "Dancing Queen" at number 27 in its 2018 listing of the top 100 songs of the 70s, reviewer Rebecca Schiller calling it "one of the greatest pop songs ever."

ISWC

The song has the unique distinction of having the first and lowest International Standard Musical Work Code (ISWC), T-000.000.001-0

Music video
The song was accompanied by a music video, filmed in 1976 in Alexandra's discotheque in central Stockholm, Sweden. The music video features all four members of ABBA singing and performing to dancing club patrons. Directed by the Swedish film director Lasse Hallström, the music video on YouTube has over 500 million views as of May 2021. The video since has been remastered in ultra-high definition in August 2021 since the 500 million view milestone.

Track listings
 7" Vinyl
 "Dancing Queen" – 3:52
 "That's Me" – 3:15

 1992 7" European re-issue
 "Dancing Queen" – 3:52
 "Lay All Your Love on Me" – 4:35

 1992 12"/CD European re-issue
 "Dancing Queen" – 3:52
 "Lay All Your Love on Me" – 4:35
 "The Day Before You Came" – 5:50
 "Eagle" – 5:49

 1992 12" US re-issue
 "Dancing Queen" – 3:52
 "Take a Chance on Me" – 4:04

Personnel
ABBA
 Agnetha Fältskog – lead vocals and backing vocals
 Anni-Frid Lyngstad – lead vocals and backing vocals
 Björn Ulvaeus – electric guitar
 Benny Andersson – piano and synthesizer

Additional personnel
 Rutger Gunnarsson – bass guitar
 Roger Palm – drums

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Sales and certifications

A-Teens version

"Dancing Queen" is a single released by A-Teens, an ABBA tribute band from Sweden. It is the fourth and final single from their first album, The ABBA Generation (1999). Released in March 2000, the song peaked at number 95 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and entered the top 100 in Germany and the Netherlands.

In Europe, "Dancing Queen" was released as a double A-side with "The Name of the Game".

Music video
Directed by Patrick Kiely, the video is set in a large high school. The video is a tribute to the 1980s film The Breakfast Club, where the group members are left in a classroom with other students which shifts into a nightclub. Paul Gleason, the actor who played the assistant principal in The Breakfast Club, makes a cameo appearance.

Releases
 European 2-track CD single
 "Dancing Queen" (album version) – 3:48
 "The Name of the Game" – 4:17

 European and Mexican CD maxi
 "Dancing Queen" (album version) – 3:48
 "Dancing Queen" (Pierre J's Main Radio Mix) – 3:27
 "Dancing Queen" (Pierre J's Main Extended Mix) – 5:47
 "Dancing Queen" (BTS Gold Edition Mix) – 5:13

 US CD and cassette single
 "Dancing Queen" (album version) – 3:48
 "Dancing Queen" (extended version) – 5:48

Charts

Release history

Other versions

Sandii & the Sunsetz
In 1978, Japanese synthpop duo Sandii & the Sunsetz did a cover version for their album Mystery Nile.

Maruca e Anastácia version
Maruca and Anastácia perform the lounge version of the song for the album Lavilla Vol 01 (Edinet S.r.l. Publishing Group, EDNCD036).

Abbacadabra version
In 1992, the British disco group, known for covers of ABBA's songs in a Hi-NRG style charted at number 57 on the UK singles chart countdown after the song was licensed from Almighty Records by Pete Waterman's PWL, due to its popularity on his late-night television program The Hitman and Her. In the US, the song was signed to BMG, where Abbacadabra's version became a club hit after being remixed by Love To Infinity.

Luka Bloom version
In 2000 Luka Bloom released an acoustic version of Dancing Queen on his album Keeper of the Flame.

Glee version
Naya Rivera and Amber Riley of the Glee cast performed the song in "Prom Queen".  It charted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 74 and in the United Kingdom at number 169.

Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again version
"Dancing Queen" was released on 13 July 2018 alongside the Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again soundtrack, by Capitol and Polydor Records. It was released on 21 July 2018 as the fourth single from the soundtrack. The song is performed by Pierce Brosnan, Christine Baranski, Julie Walters, Colin Firth, Stellan Skarsgård, Dominic Cooper and Amanda Seyfried; it was produced by Benny Andersson.

Charts

References

External links

1976 songs
1976 singles
1992 singles
2000 singles
ABBA songs
A-Teens songs
Atlantic Records singles
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Cashbox number-one singles
Dutch Top 40 number-one singles
Epic Records singles
European Hot 100 Singles number-one singles
Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
MCA Records singles
Music videos directed by Lasse Hallström
Number-one singles in Australia
Number-one singles in Germany
Number-one singles in New Zealand
Number-one singles in Norway
Number-one singles in South Africa
Number-one singles in Sweden
Oricon International Singles Chart number-one singles
Polar Music singles
RPM Top Singles number-one singles
Song recordings with Wall of Sound arrangements
Songs about dancing
Songs about teenagers
Songs written by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus
Songs written by Stig Anderson
Stockholm Records singles
UK Singles Chart number-one singles

Dancing Queen


Aurangabad puede referirse a:

Ciudades
 Aurangabad (Maharashtra), ciudad de la India en el estado de Maharashtra.
 Aurangabad (Bengala occidental), ciudad de la India en el estado de Bengala Occidental.
 Aurangabad (Bihar), ciudad de la India en el estado de Bihar.

Distritos y divisiones administrativas
 Distrito de Aurangabad, distrito de la India en el estado de Maharashtra.
 Distrito de Aurangabad (Bihar), distrito de la India en el estado de Bihar.
 División de Aurangabad, división del estado de Maharashtra en la India.

Aurangabad


Die Pfarrkirche St. Mauritius ist eine katholische Kirche in Koblenz. Die Pfarrkirche befindet sich am höchsten Punkt im Stadtteil Rübenach und bestimmt so maßgeblich dessen Silhouette. Die Kirche wurde 1862–1866 erbaut und besitzt als Besonderheit  eine gemauerte Kirchturmspitze. Sie trägt das Patrozinium des heiligen Mauritius, Nebenpatronin ist die heilige Aldegundis.

Geschichte

Vorläuferkirche

Im Zusammenhang mit der ersten Erwähnung von Rübenach in einer Schenkung des Mainzer Erzbischofs Lullus an das Kloster Hersfeld wurde 775 eine Kapelle im Ort erwähnt. Um das Jahr 1220 wurde in Rübenach erstmals eine Kirche erbaut. Die dreischiffige romanische Basilika erfuhr im Laufe der Jahrhunderte einige Um- und Erweiterungsbauten. In der zweiten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts wurde der Chor niedergelegt und in gotischem Stil neu errichtet. Weitere Erweiterungen werden in den Jahren 1680 und 1809 erwähnt. Im 19. Jahrhundert wuchs die Zahl der Einwohner von Rübenach stark an und der alte Kirchenbau war für die Gläubigen nicht mehr ausreichend. Nachdem 1841 ein schwerer Brand ausbrach, bei dem ein Großteil des Orts zerstört wurde, erwog man 1844 erstmals einen Neubau, der 1862 begonnen wurde.

Ab 1857 kam es in Rübenach zu einem Kirchenstreit über das Für und Wider eines Abrisses der alten romanischen Kirche. Obwohl die Kirche baufällig war, sprach sich die preußische Regierung in Berlin noch 1863 für den Erhalt aus und verbot den Abriss, wohl um sie als Baudenkmal zu erhalten. Da sie aber den Friedhof beengte und den Blick auf die wenige Meter dahinter neu erbaute Kirche versperrte, wollten die Bürger von Rübenach den Abriss. Sie erhielten dabei Unterstützung vom späteren Kölner Erzbischof Philipp Krementz. Nachdem der Neubau vollendet worden war, schritten einige Bürger, wohl Jugendliche, am 2. November 1866 eigenmächtig zur Tat und begannen in einer Nacht-und-Nebel-Aktion mit der Zerstörung. Um wieder für Ruhe und Ordnung zu sorgen, wurden danach preußische Soldaten vom Königin Augusta Garde-Grenadier-Regiment Nr. 4 in den Ort verlegt. Wegen der schweren Beschädigung am alten Bauwerk, riss man es schließlich im Frühjahr 1867 ganz ab. Als Strafe wurde 1867 die Bürgermeisterei nach Weißenthurm verlegt.

Neubau von St. Mauritius

Der Koblenzer Architekt Johann Claudius von Lassaulx wurde am 19. Mai 1846 mit dem Neubau von St. Mauritius in Rübenach beauftragt. Bis jedoch die Gelder für den Neubau aufgebracht, verschiedene Streitigkeiten überwunden waren und das Grundstück zur Verfügung stand, vergingen noch 15 Jahre. Lassaulx starb bereits 1848 und konnte somit seinen Bauplan nicht mehr ausführen.

Im Jahr 1857 wurde der Kölner Dombaumeister Vincenz Statz mit dem Neubau betraut. Er entwarf einen neuen Bauplan, der eine Hallenkirche mit einem Turm vorsah, und teilweise Lassaulx' Plan mit einbezog, der einen klassizistischen Kirchenbau mit neuromanischen Elementen vorgesehen hatte. Statz behielt den Grundriss bei, verwandte aber den neugotischen Baustil. Die örtliche Bauleitung übernahm der Koblenzer Stadtbaumeister Hermann Nebel. Die Bauarbeiten begannen am 24. Februar 1862, die Grundsteinlegung konnte am 19. Juli 1862 zusammen mit dem Trierer Bischof Wilhelm Arnoldi gefeiert werden. Der Kirchenbau wurde am 8. August 1865 mit Übergabe der Schlüssel an den Bürgermeister vollendet. Die Übergabe an die Kirchengemeinde und die Benediktion erfolgte am 31. März 1866, die Konsekration nahm am 24. September 1868 der Trierer Bischof Matthias Eberhard unter Teilnahme des preußischen Oberpräsidenten Adolph von Pommer Esche vor.

Bei den Luftangriffen auf Koblenz im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde St. Mauritius am 12. August 1942 durch eine britische Luftmine schwer beschädigt. Dabei wurde der Polygonalchor völlig zerstört. Der Wiederaufbau wurde 1952 nach Plänen des Mayener Architekten Karl Peter Böhr ausgeführt. Der zerstörte Chor wurde nicht neu errichtet, die raumhohe Öffnung wurde durch eine gerade, mit zwei großen farbigen Fenstern versehene Wand geschlossen. Außerhalb markierte man den Umriss des alten Chors mit Steinen. Die Kirche erhielt bei einer Innenrenovierung 1958 eine einfache Ausmalung, mit der viele alte Fresken übermalt wurden. Entsprechend der Liturgiereform wurde der Altarraum 1966 leicht verändert. Eine Sanierung des Außenbaus erfolgte 1989–1994, der Kirchturm wurde 1996–1997 gesichert.

Bau und Ausstattung

Außen

Die Pfarrkirche St. Mauritius ist eine dreischiffige neugotische Hallenkirche von fünf Jochen. Als Baumaterial wurde Basaltbruchstein aus Mendig, Rieden und Bell sowie vom Karmelenberg verwendet. Der Chor war ursprünglich ein Zwölfeck. Nach Kriegszerstörung wurde er als platter Chorabschluss wiederaufgebaut. Er wird von zwei Treppentürmchen mit schlanken Helmen flankiert. Der kleine achteckige Dachreiter über dem Chor wurde nicht wiederhergestellt. Auf der Nordostseite ist dem Chor die Sakristei angebaut. Die Seitenschiffe schließen mit drei Seiten eines Sechsecks.

Der mächtige, 70 m hohe Westturm mit fünf Geschossen steht in der Achse des Hauptschiffes und ist in die Kirche eingebunden. Nach oben wechselt er ab dem dritten Geschoss von einem quadratischen Grundriss in eine achteckige Turmform. Am Übergang sind Säulenbaldachine mit Spitzhelmen angebracht, wie sie bei der Kathedrale von Laon vorkommen. Auf der Westseite des Turms befindet sich der Haupteingang, der als Säulenportal ausgeführt wurde. Darüber sind im Turm eine Fensterrose und ein Giebel eingebaut. Nördlich und südlich des Turms befinden sich zwei annexartige Anbauten mit quergestellten Satteldächern, die den Eindruck eines Querschiffes suggerieren und die Seiteneingänge aufnehmen.

Die Außenwände des Hauptschiffes werden durch abwechselnd starke und schwache Strebepfeiler sowie Lanzettfenster mit einfachem Maßwerk gegliedert. Der spitze Turmhelm ist aus Stein, das Langhaus besitzt ein riesiges geknicktes, mit Schiefer gedecktes Dach.

Neben dem südlichen Seiteneingang ist an der Außenwand ein Missionskreuz über einem neugotischen altarartigen Sockel mit Blendmaßwerk angebracht. Der Korpus aus Keramik ist eine Arbeit aus dem späten 19. Jahrhundert. Südwestlich der Kirche steht eine große, mehrteilige Lourdesgrotte aus Schlackengestein mit einer typischen Marienfigur. Sie wurde von Chr. Alsbach gestiftet, die laut Gedenktafel an ihren 1916 gefallenen Ehemann Nikolaus erinnern wollte.

Innen
Im Inneren wird das Mittelschiff von einem einfachen vierteiligen Kreuzrippengewölbe überspannt. Die Rippen der Gewölbe der Seitenschiffe sind achtteilig. Von an den Seitenwänden angebrachten durchlaufenden und profilierten Sims gehen die Dienste aus. Pro Joch sind zwei einbahnige Fenster in die Außenwände eingelassen und geben dem Raum das nötige Licht. Im Untergeschoss des Turms ist eine dreischiffige nach Osten offene Halle eingebaut, die die Orgeltribüne trägt. Der in den 1950er-Jahren neu gestaltete Chor besitzt Fenster von Jakob Schwarzkopf aus Trier, die Rebstöcke und Ähren als eucharistische Symbole von Brot und Wein zeigen. Die moderne Chorgestaltung steht im klaren Kontrast zum neugotischen Kirchenraum.

Den Chor schmücken zwei Figuren des heiligen Mauritius in Rüstung, mit Helm und Lanze, sowie der heiligen Aldegundis mit Äbtissinnenstab und Buch. Die Barockfiguren stammen aus der ersten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. Aus der Vorgängerkirche stammt eine sitzende Muttergottes mit unbekleidetem stehenden Kind aus Nussbaumholz. Die qualitätvolle Arbeit aus dem zweiten Viertel des 14. Jahrhunderts wurde 1959 restauriert. Der Altar stammt aus den 1930er-Jahren. Der Taufstein in Kelchform von 1710 wurde aus grauem Marmor hergestellt und steht am Ostende des nördlichen Seitenschiffs. Von der ursprünglichen Ausstattung wurde 1997 eine historische Dekorationsmalerei in den Seitenschiffsabsiden, geschaffen 1873 von Drotsch, wieder freigelegt. Die Sitzbänke haben geschnitzte Wangen mir Blendmaßwerk. Die farbigen Fußbodenfliesen zeigen ornamentale und figürliche Motive.

Im Juli 2005 wurde in einer Vitrine das "Buch des Lebens" aufgestellt, eine mit kostbarem Einband in Rindsleder versehene Aufzeichnung der im Zweiten Weltkrieg gefallenen Soldaten und bei Luftangriffen umgekommenen Einwohner aus Rübenach.

Orgel und Glocken

Die Orgel wurde 1960 von Orgelbau Romanus Seifert & Sohn aus Kevelaer erbaut.

Seit der Erbauung mussten die vier Glocken der Kirche zwei Mal abgegeben werden. Das erste Mal 1917 im Ersten Weltkrieg. Danach wurden sie 1924 neu angeschafft und mussten zum zweiten Mal 1941 im Zweiten Weltkrieg, diesmal nur drei Glocken, eingeschmolzen werden. Die dritte Ausstattung wurde am 25. August 1956 von der Glockengießerei Mabilon in Saarburg gegossen. Die vier neuen Glocken kamen am 21. September 1956 in Rübenach an und wurden zwei Tage später geweiht. Am 26. September erfolgte der Einbau der Glocken im Kirchturm. Sie werden von einem Elektro-Läutesystem von Diegner und Schade aus Dorsten geläutet.

Die folgenden vier Glocken befinden sich heute in der Kirche:

 Glocke 1
Ton: C, Durchmesser: 155 cm, Gewicht: 2300 kg
Inschrift: 1956 REX REGUM DOMINUS DOMINATIUM CHRISTUS VINCIT, CHRISTUS REGNAT. CHRISTUS IMPERAT. (König der Könige, Herr der Herrscher, Christus siegt, Christus herrscht, Christus befiehlt.)
 Glocke 2
Ton: ES, Durchmesser: 132 cm, Gewicht: 1053 kg
Inschrift: 1956 SANTE MAURITI ORA PRO NOBIS! QUAE SUNT CAESARIS CAESARI, QUAE SUNT DEI, DEO! (Hl. Mauritius bitte für uns! Gebt dem Kaiser, was des Kaisers ist und Gott was Gottes ist!)
 Glocke 3
Ton: F, Durchmesser: 118 cm, Gewicht: 950 kg
Inschrift: 1956 REGINA ET DOMINA MUNDI, CUNCTAS HAERESES INTERE-MISTI IN UNIVERSO MUNDO! (Königin und Herrin der Welt, alle Verwirrungen auf der ganzen Welt hast Du zunichte gemacht!)
 Glocke 4
Ton: G, Durchmesser: 104 cm, Gewicht: 700 kg
Inschrift: 1956 TU ES PETRUS – PORTAE INFERI NON PRAEVALEBUNT! (Du bist Petrus – Die Pforten der Hölle werden sie nicht überwältigen!)

Pfarreiengemeinschaft

St. Mauritius ist Teil der "Pfarreiengemeinschaft Koblenz (Metternich)", zu der auch St. Johannes Enthauptung und  St. Konrad in Metternich sowie St. Servatius in Güls gehören. Die Kapelle St. Maternus in Bubenheim ist eine Filiale von St. Mauritius.

Denkmalschutz

Die Pfarrkirche St. Mauritius ist ein geschütztes Kulturdenkmal nach dem Denkmalschutzgesetz (DSchG) und in der Denkmalliste des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz eingetragen. Sie liegt in Koblenz-Rübenach in der Mauritiusstraße.

Des Weiteren ist sie ein geschütztes Kulturgut nach der Haager Konvention und mit dem blau-weißen Schutzzeichen gekennzeichnet.

Siehe auch

 Liste von Sakralbauten in Koblenz

Literatur
 Energieversorgung Mittelrhein GmbH (Hrsg.): Geschichte der Stadt Koblenz. (Gesamtredaktion: Ingrid Bátori in Verbindung mit Dieter Kerber und Hans Josef Schmidt)
 Band 1: Von den Anfängen bis zum Ende der kurfürstlichen Zeit. Theiss, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8062-0876-X.
 Band 2: Von der französischen Stadt bis zur Gegenwart. Theiss, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-8062-1036-5.
 Udo Liessem, Hans Gappenach, Werner Reif: Rübenach. Eine Heimatgeschichte. (hrsg. anlässlich der 1200-Jahr-Feiern) Rübenach 1975.
 Ulrike Weber (Bearb.): Stadt Koblenz. Stadtteile. (= Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz, Band 3.3.) Werner, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-345-9.

Weblinks

 Rund um St. Mauritius in: unser-ruebenach.de

Einzelnachweise

Mauritius
Koblenz
Koblenz
Koblenz
Koblenz Mauritius
Kulturdenkmal in Koblenz
Nach der Haager Konvention geschütztes Kulturgut in Koblenz
Erbaut in den 1860er Jahren
Bauwerk von Vinzenz Statz
Bauwerk des Historismus in Koblenz

St. Mauritius (Koblenz)


Cubul Necker este o iluzie optică publicata pentru prima data ca romboid în 1832 de către elvețianul cristalograf Louis Albert Necker. Este un model simplu cadru din linii continue (sau model cadru din sârmă) al desenului unui cub, fără repere vizuale cu privire la orientarea sa, astfel încât se poate interpreta că partea frontală a cubului este fie pătratul de jos fie pătratul de sus.

Efectul este interesant deoarece fiecare parte a imaginii este ambiguă în sine, totuși sistemul vizual uman alege o interpretare a fiecărei părți care face ca întregul să fie consistent. Cubul Necker este folosit uneori pentru a testa modelele computerizate ale sistemului vizual uman pentru a vedea dacă acestea pot ajunge la interpretări consecvente ale imaginii, la fel ca și oamenii.

Cubul Necker este un desen liniar ambiguu.

Oamenii nu văd de obicei o interpretare inconsecventă a cubului. Un cub a cărui margini traversează într-o manieră incoerentă este un exemplu de obiect imposibil, în special un cub imposibil (comparați cu un triunghi Penrose).

Note

Referințe

Legături externe

 History of the cube and a Java applet

Iluzii optice

Cub Necker