A Batalha de Kiev ou de Quieve foi uma batalha que teve início no dia 25 de fevereiro de 2022, parte da invasão russa da Ucrânia em 2022, visando a conquista de Kiev, capital da Ucrânia, pelas forças invasoras da Rússia. Um dos objetivos, afirmado por Vladimir Putin, era a deposição do presidente ucraniano Volodymyr Zelenskyy e do governo ucraniano.

Inicialmente, as forças russas capturaram áreas importantes ao norte e oeste de Kiev, levando à especulação internacional sobre a queda iminente da cidade. No entanto, a forte resistência ucraniana minou o ímpeto russo. Mais tarde, a má logística russa e as decisões táticas ajudaram os defensores ucranianos a frustrar os esforços de cerco. Após um mês de combates prolongados, as forças ucranianas montaram contra-ataques bem-sucedidos. Os russos começaram a se retirar em 29 de março, e em 2 de abril, as autoridades ucranianas declararam que Kiev e sua província vizinha estavam novamente sob controle ucraniano.

Antecedentes

A invasão russa da Ucrânia foi iniciada em 24 de fevereiro de 2022, logo após a sua determinação pelo presidente russo, foram escutadas explosões e tiros. Com o avanço russo pelo território ucraniano, as instalações da Usina Nuclear de Chernobil foram dominadas pelo exército russo que iniciou o ataque à capital.

Primeiro ataque russo (25  27 de fevereiro de 2022)
As forças russas envolveram tropas ucranianas no Aeroporto Hostomel em 24 de fevereiro de 2022. Um importante ponto de abastecimento para as tropas russas perto de Kiev, o aeroporto, localizado em Hostomel, uma cidade a noroeste da cidade, foi capturado no dia seguinte.

Infiltração russa e mobilização inicial da Ucrânia
Na manhã de 25 de fevereiro, três sabotadores russos, vestidos como soldados ucranianos, entraram no distrito de Obolon, 10 km ao norte do edifício Verkhovna Rada, sede do parlamento da Ucrânia. Eles foram mortos pelas forças ucranianas depois. Várias horas depois, um caça ucraniano Sukhoi Su-27 foi abatido sobre a cidade, eventualmente colidindo com um prédio de apartamentos; seu piloto o experiente coronel aposentado Oleksandr Oksanchenko acabou falecendo, ele havia voltado de sua posentadoria para servir a Ucrânia assim no inicio do conflito. Ao longo do dia, tiros foram ouvidos em vários bairros da cidade. Autoridades ucranianas descreveram o tiroteio como resultado de confrontos com as forças russas. Durante a noite houve intenso tiroteio na cidade. Mais tarde, as forças ucranianas afirmaram ter matado cerca de 60 sabotadores russos durante o processo.

Escalação
Na manhã de 26 de fevereiro, a artilharia russa bombardeou a cidade por mais de 30 minutos. Ao mesmo tempo, as forças ucranianas repeliram um ataque a uma usina no bairro nordeste de Troieshchyna. O ataque foi sugerido como uma tentativa russa de cortar a eletricidade de Kiev. Pesados combates também ocorreram perto do Zoológico de Kiev em Shuliavka, onde as forças ucranianas defenderam uma base do exército em Prospect Peremohy. De acordo com o presidente da Ucrânia, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, as forças ucranianas conseguiram repelir uma ofensiva russa e continuaram a deter Kiev e seus arredores. Um toque de recolher foi imposto das 17:00 às 08:00, e os infratores deveriam ser considerados sabotadores. De acordo com o Ministério da Defesa britânico, as forças russas estavam a 31 do centro da cidade de Kiev.

Em 27 de fevereiro, os confrontos entre as forças ucranianas e sabotadores russos continuaram. Enquanto isso, as autoridades locais permaneceram inflexíveis de que a cidade ainda estava sob total controle ucraniano. Mais tarde naquela manhã, um foguete caiu e explodiu no pátio de um prédio de 16 andares em Troieshchyna, destruindo vários automóveis. Autoridades ucranianas alegam que o míssil foi disparado por um bombardeiro estratégico russo baseado na Bielorrússia. À noite, a Associated Press informou que o prefeito de Kiev, Vitali Klitschko, havia declarado que a cidade estava cercada, o que foi posteriormente esclarecido por seu porta-voz como um erro no The Kyiv Independent. Desde então, o relatório foi classificado como informação falsa.

Durante a noite, um comboio russo tentou estabelecer uma base temporária no metrô de Syrets, que foi respondido por um confronto mortal com tropas ucranianas. As tropas russas também dispararam contra um ônibus militar ucraniano, criando uma quantidade desconhecida de baixas.

Respostas civis
Durante o início do ataque, Klitschko prometeu pegar em armas e lutar. Zelenskyy exortou os cidadãos de Kiev a responder ao ataque russo com ataques improvisados usando coquetéis molotov. Os moradores foram avisados para evitar janelas e varandas. 18.000 armas foram distribuídas entre os cidadãos durante o primeiro dia da batalha, enquanto as Forças de Defesa Territoriais da Ucrânia, normalmente mantidas em reserva, foram ativadas no início do ataque.

Em 26 de fevereiro, o ministro do Interior ucraniano, Denys Monastyrsky, anunciou que voluntários civis em Kiev receberam mais de 25.000 fuzis de assalto e aproximadamente 10 milhões de munições, além de granadas e lançadores de foguetes.

Segundo ataque russo (28 de fevereiro  4 de março de 2022)

Comboio russo e bombardeio contínuo
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]}Em 28 de fevereiro, uma nova onda de tropas russas avançou em direção a Kyiv, mas poucos combates diretos ocorreram, com apenas três mísseis sendo disparados contra a cidade naquele dia. Imagens de satélite revelaram a existência de uma longa coluna de veículos russos rumo a Kiev ao longo de  rodovia que se aproxima de Kiev do norte, e fica aproximadamente a 39 km do centro de Kiev. Soldados ucranianos mataram um cidadão israelense-ucraniano em um posto de controle, confundindo-o com um membro checheno do exército russo.

Na manhã de 1º de março, o Ministério da Defesa da Rússia emitiu um aviso de evacuação para civis locais que pretendiam atingir as instalações de transmissão ucranianas em torno de Kiev e que todos os moradores próximos deveriam deixar a área. Horas depois, um míssil russo atingiu a Torre de TV de Kiev, matando cinco pessoas e ferindo outras cinco. O ataque cortou todas as transmissões de televisão em Kiev. Enquanto isso, o Centro Memorial do Holocausto Babi Yar confirmou um ataque acidental por um segundo míssil destinado à torre em um memorial dedicado ao Massacre de Babi Yar. Um ataque aéreo russo também atingiu e danificou uma maternidade ocupada. Mais bombardeios russos atingiram os bairros de Rusanivka e Kurenivka e os subúrbios de Boyarka e Vyshneve, bem como a área ao redor do Aeroporto Internacional de Kiev.

Naquele dia, Klitschko proibiu a venda de álcool em Kiev enquanto apelava aos donos de lojas e redes de farmácias para não "aproveitarem" a situação aumentando os preços de "alimentos, bens essenciais e medicamentos".

Esforços de cerco de Kyiv

No início da manhã de 2 de março, a Força Aérea Ucraniana afirmou ter derrubado dois Sukhoi Su-35 russos sobre Kiev. No final da manhã, Klitschko afirmou que o exército russo estava começando a cercar a cidade na tentativa de impor um bloqueio. Klitschko disse ao Canal 24 que tanques estavam se aproximando de Kiev vindos da Bielorrússia e que as autoridades ucranianas estavam inspecionando postos de controle ucranianos para preparação. O chefe de inteligência das Forças de Defesa da Estônia, Margo Grosberg, estimou que o avanço do comboio russo chegaria aos subúrbios de Kiev em pelo menos dois dias, após o que tentaria sitiar a cidade. O presidente polonês Andrzej Duda disse que Zelenskyy lhe disse que as forças ucranianas não se retirariam de Kiev.

Os destroços de um foguete russo interceptado caíram na estação ferroviária de Kyiv-Pasazhyrskyi, danificando um importante oleoduto de aquecimento. A explosão resultante causou pequenos danos à estação.

Em 3 de março, o The New York Times estimou que mais de 15.000 pessoas estavam escondidas no metrô da cidade para se abrigar. No mesmo dia, o Ministério da Defesa do Reino Unido divulgou uma declaração de que nos últimos três dias o avanço do comboio russo havia feito "pouco progresso discernível" daqui para frente.

Em 4 de março, uma nova onda de bombardeios atingiu o centro de Kiev, incluindo o bairro de Borshchahivka. Uma investigação da CNN descobriu que os ataques atingiram um centro comercial e muitos prédios de vários andares nas áreas ocidentais da cidade.

Em 7 de março, as autoridades ucranianas alegaram que as forças ucranianas destruíram duas aeronaves russas. Mais tarde, Zelenskyy negou os rumores de que ele havia fugido da cidade, afirmando que permaneceria em Kyiv.

O esforço para cercar Kiev acabou por não dar em nada. Mais tarde, em 22 de março, as forças ucranianas retomaram o subúrbio de Makariv,

efetivamente interrompendo qualquer potencial bloqueio da cidade.

Acampamentos ofensivos russos

Em 8 de março, o The Guardian informou que as forças russas estavam tentando superar os problemas logísticos em sua ofensiva paralisada. Na manhã seguinte, as forças russas bombardearam a cidade novamente. Mais tarde naquele dia, as autoridades russas e ucranianas concordaram  em fazer um corredor humanitário temporário ao redor de Kiev, resultando na evacuação em massa de civis dos subúrbios.

Em 10 de março, Klitschko afirmou que quase dois milhões de pessoas, metade da população de Kiev, haviam fugido da cidade desde o início da guerra.

Em 12 de março, uma munição vagante russa, identificada, e foi abatida sobre o bairro de Podil, causando um incêndio no edifício do "State Savings Bank of Ukraine". Mais um incêndio ocorreu na Synioozerna no extremo noroeste da cidade.

Na manhã de 14 de março, um projétil russo atingiu um prédio residencial de 9 andares na rua Bohatyrska, em Obolon. O edifício foi parcialmente destruído, com pelo menos uma pessoa morta e 12 feridos. Outro foguete russo foi derrubado sobre Keiv, com seus fragmentos danificando um prédio residencial de 5 andares em Kurenivka, matando uma pessoa. Além disso, as forças russas dispararam 3 foguetes na planta de produção em série Antonov, ferindo sete pessoas.

Enquanto isso, as autoridades da cidade afirmaram que estavam estocando duas semanas de alimentos para os moradores que ficaram para trás.

A estação de metrô Lukianivska foi danificada devido a uma explosão na manhã seguinte. No final da manhã, as forças russas bombardearam áreas residenciais, incluindo os distritos de Sviatoshynski, Podilskyi e Osokorky, incendiando vários edifícios. Quatro pessoas foram mortas por bombardeios em Sviatoshynskyi. Naquele dia, uma delegação União Europeia visitou Kiev e posteriormente se encontrou com Zelensky, que instou outros líderes a seguirem o exemplo.

Em 17 de março, Zelensky visitou um hospital de Kyiv para encontrar as pessoas feridas durante a evacuação da região de Kiev.

Um centro comercial em Podilskyi foi destruído por um míssil russo, matando pelo menos 8 pessoas. O míssil e a explosão subsequente também danificaram prédios próximos e destruíram carros. Autoridades russas alegaram que as forças ucranianas estavam usando áreas próximas ao shopping para armazenar munições e forneceram imagens de drones do que o Ministério descreveu como um sistema ucraniano de lançamento múltiplo de foguetes (MLRS) disparando e voltando para o shopping. antes de ser destruído por um míssil russo. Em Sviatoshynskyi, fragmentos de um míssil caíram em uma área residencial. De acordo com autoridades locais, 6 casas e 4 escolas foram danificadas; cerca de 200 pessoas foram evacuadas.

Um toque de recolher foi anunciado a partir das 21:00 hora local em 21 de março até 07:00 hora local em 23 de março.

Contra-ofensiva ucraniana e retirada russa

Em 22 de março, as forças ucranianas lançaram uma contra-ofensiva para expulsar os russos da cidade. As forças ucranianas retiraram milhares de pessoas de subúrbios e assentamentos próximos, incluindo 20.000 pessoas somente em Boryspil.

Em 23 de março, o ministro lituano Arvydas Anušauskas visitou Kiev, onde se encontrou com seu colega ucraniano Oleksiy Reznikov e entregou ajuda militar.

As forças russas desencadearam uma nova onda de bombardeios em 24 de março. Um bombardeio atingiu um estacionamento na zona norte da cidade, matando a jornalista russa Oksana Baulina e ferindo duas pessoas. Naquele dia, uma delegação de oradores do parlamento báltico visitou Kiev.

Um relatório da inteligência britânica em 25 de março disse que a Ucrânia havia retomado cidades até 35 km da cidade quando as forças russas começaram a ficar sem suprimentos. Os militares russos alegaram que destruíram com sucesso o maior terminal de petróleo do país, que ficava perto de Kiev.

Após os bem-sucedidos contra-ataques ucranianos no final de março, a Rússia anunciou que estava retirando suas forças da área de Kiev em 29 de março. A conquista de Kiev foi considerada um objetivo-chave e sua falha em tomá-la foi vista como um revés para a campanha em geral.

Em 1º de abril, a presidente do parlamento da União Europeia, Roberta Metsola, visitou Kiev, tornando-se a primeira alta autoridade da União Europeia a viajar para a Ucrânia desde a invasão da Rússia.

Em 2 de abril, as autoridades ucranianas alegaram que toda a região de Kiev havia sido recapturada. Naquele dia, Klitschko relaxou a proibição de venda de álcool nas lojas.

Ver também
Oleksandr Oksanchenko
Batalha de Kharkiv
Batalha de Chernigov
Batalha da Ilha das Serpentes
Batalha de Starobilsk
Batalha de Mariupol

!Artigos novos
Kiev
História militar de Kiev

Batalha de Kiev (2022)


Alveslohe, Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Segeberg iline bağlı bölge. 21,56 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Mart 2014 itibarıyla 2.637 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Peter Kroll tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 www.kaltenkirchen-land.de

Segeberg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Alveslohe


An Guzmania gloriosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Éduard-François André, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Éduard-François André och Carl Christian Mez. An Guzmania gloriosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Guzmania, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Guzmania

Guzmania gloriosa


Orhun Vadisi Moğolistan'ın göbeğinde, başkent Ulaanbaatar'dan 370 km uzaklıkta Orhun Nehrinin etrafında bulunmaktadır. Orhun Vadisi 2004 yılında UNESCO Dünya Miras Listesi'ne alınmıştır. Orhun Vadisinin tarih açısından büyük önemi vardır. Uygur İmparatorluğu ve bir zamanlar dünyanın en büyük imparatorluğu olan Moğol İmparatorluğu'nun başkentleri Orhun Vadisi'ndedir. Bu yüzden Orhun Vadisi Hun İmparatorluğu, Gök Türk İmparatorluğu, Uygur İmparatorluğu, ve Moğol İmparatorluğu'na ait arkeolojik kalıntılar, eski şehir ve yerleşim merkezlerin enkazları, yazılı ve dikil taşlar, mezarlar, ve Budist tapınaklarının bulunduğu, çok sayıda tarihi bilgi içeren kültürel bir miras olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu kadar zengin kültürel içerikli bölge hâlen göçebelerin yaşadığı, hayvanlarını otlattığı, ve bu kültürel miraslara değer vererek, koruyarak yaşadığı bir yerdir. Göçebeler için hayat birkaç değişiklik dışında yüzlerce yıl öncesinde olduğu gibi devam etmektedir.

Coğrafya ve İklim

Orhun Vadisi Moğolistan'ın merkezinde, deniz seviyeden yaklaşık 1.500 m yükseklikte bulunmaktadır. Gobi Çölü ve Sibirya ormanları gibi tamamen farklı 2 bölge arasında ve Asya su sınırı üzerinde bulunan bozkır bölgesidir. Bu nedenle bölgenin coğrafi ve doğal güzellikler hayranlık vericidir. Sadece 100 km içerisinde bir bölgede bozkır, orman, ve çöl gibi birbirinden tamamen farklı bitki örtülerine sahip yerleri görmek mümkündür.

Bölgenin iklimi ise dünya iklim bölgelerinden "Kıtasal Soğuk İklimi" özelliğine sahiptir. Yağış miktarı çok az olan bu bölgede hava sıcaklığın değişikliği son derece fazladır. Hava sıcaklığı kışın -35 derece yazın +35 dereceye kadar çıkabilmektedir. Gün içinde gece ve gündüz hava sıcaklığı değişimi de çok fazladır. Bölgede yıllık yağış miktarı 200–250 mm ve yağışların %75'i sadece Temmuz ve Ağustos ayında yağmaktadır. Fakat sert bir iklime sahip Moğolistan'da bu bölge Huvsgöl (ülkenin kuzeyi) kadar soğuk ya da Gobi Çölü (ülkenin güneyi) kadar sıcak olmadığından turizm için en uygun iklime sahip bölgedir. Ayrıca havadaki nem oranı da ülke içerisindeki en uygun yerlerden biridir.

Kültür tarihi
1220 km2 alanı kaplayan Orhun Vadisi 2004 yılında UNESCO tarafından Dünya Miras Listesi'ne alınmış ve böylece tüm dünya için önemli bir değer taşıdığı için bölgede bulunan doğal ve kültürel varlıklar korunma altına alınmıştır.

Orhun Nehri boyunca tarihi önemli yerler;

 Orhun Yazıtları, 8. yüzyılda Göktürk Kağanlığı zamanında dikilen Bilge Kağan Yazıtı, Kül Tigin Yazıtı ve Bilge Tonyukuk yazıtı.
 İlk Uygur Kağanlığı başkenti Ordu-balık.
 13. yüzyılda Moğol İmparatorluğu başkenti Karakurum.
 13. ve 14. yüzyıldan geriye kalan, Öğedi Kağan'ın ikametgâhı sanılan toprak tepede Moğol palası.
 1586 yılında Moğolistan'da ilk defa yapılan Karakurum şehrindeki Erdene Zuu Budist Manastırı.
 Orhun Nehrinin yukarı havzasında 2600 metre yükseklikte bulunan Tuvçun Manastırı.
 Ayrıca Orhun Nehri boyunca Hunlar'dan ve daha eski uygarlıklardan varsayılan pek çok eski mezarlar bulunur.

Notlar

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Moğolistan'daki yeryüzü şekilleri
Moğolistan'daki Dünya Mirasları
Göktürkler
Asya'daki vadiler
VikiProje Tarih kaynak bekleyen maddeler

Orhun Vadisi


Saado Ali Warsame (somalski Saado Cali Warsame; Buuhoodle, 1950. - Mogadishu, 23. srpnja 2014.) bila je somalijska pjevačica, tekstopiskinja i političarka aktivna u SAD-u. Kao političarka zauzela se za mirno rješavanje sukoba i prestanak građanskoga rata, a kao umjetnica je ostavila neizbrisiv trag u somalijskoj glazbi ostavivši snažan utjecaj na brojne naraštaje glazbenih, likovnih i plesnih umjetnika.  Poginula je u napadu islamista 2014. godine.

Životopis
Rođena je 1950. u gradu Buuhoodle na sjeveru Somalije. Rodom je iz nomadske obitelji potklana Dhulbahante, članova zajednice Daroda.

Početkom građanskog rata 1990-ih seli se u američki Minneapolis u saveznoj državi Minnesoti. Zbog zalaganja i brige za somalijske iseljenike u Sjedinjenim Državama, ondašnji sunarodnjaci, pripadnici somalijske zajednice, dodijelili su joj nagradu za životno djelo 2011. godine, na njezinom koncertu u Torontu.

Godine 2012. vratila se u Somaliju, gdje obnašala dužnost zastupnice u Somalijskom parlamentu sa sjedištem u Mogadishuu.

Diskografija
Izdala je tri studijska abuma:

 Laand Karuusar
 Aan kuu Taliyo
 Libdhimeyside Laas Caanood, Laba maahaa Waddankeennu

Izvori

Somalijski političari
Pjevači
Tekstopisci

Saado Ali Warsame


Dixeia es un género  de mariposas de la familia Pieridae que se encuentra principalmente en África.

Especies
Listado alfabético:
 Dixeia astarte (Butler, 1900)
 Dixeia capricornus (Ward, 1871)
 Dixeia cebron Ward, 1871
 Dixeia charina (Boisduval, [1836])
 Dixeia dixeyi (Neave, 1904)
 Dixeia doxo (Godart, [1819])
 Dixeia larima (Boisduval, [1836])
 Dixeia leucophanes Vári, 1976
 Dixeia orbona (Geyer, 1837)
 Dixeia pigea (Boisduval, 1836)
 Dixeia piscicollis Pinhey, 1972
 Dixeia spilleri (Spiller, 1884)

Referencias

Pierini
Géneros de lepidópteros

Dixeia


This list of prostitutes and courtesans includes famous persons who have engaged in prostitution and courtesan work.

Historical

Ancient world
Rahab of Jericho
Aspasia, Greek hetaera, companion of Pericles
Phryne, Greek hetaera
Thaïs, Greek hetaera who lived during the time of Alexander the Great
Theodora, empress of Byzantium
Su Xiaoxiao, Chinese courtesan of the 5th century

Early Modern era

Imperia Cognati, the "first courtesan" in Europe
Isabella de Luna, Italian (originally Spanish) courtesan of Renaissance-era Rome.
Hwang Jini, the most famous Korean gisaeng
Chica da Silva, famous eighteenth-century slave courtesan in Brazil, subject of the movie Xica
Madame du Barry, mistress to Louis XV of France
Veronica Franco, Venetian courtesan and poet
Nell Gwyn, courtesan to Charles II of England

19th century
Laura Bell, the "Queen of London whoredom"
Theresa Berkeley, dominatrix
Jeanne Brécourt, born 1837, one of France's most notorious courtesans
Annie Chapman, one of the "canonical five" victims of Jack the Ripper
Mary Jane Kelly, one of the "canonical five" victims of Jack the Ripper
Lizzie Lape, mid-Ohio madam, operator of multiple bordellos, 1880s-1900s
Mary Ann Nichols, one of the "canonical five" victims of Jack the Ripper
Shady Sadie (Josephine Marcus), courtesan who had an affair with Wyatt Earp
Elizabeth Stride, one of the "canonical five" victims of Jack the Ripper
Martha Tabram, a possible victim of Jack the Ripper
Libby Thompson, "Squirrel Tooth Alice," madam of a brothel in Sweetwater, Texas
 Julia Bulette, American prostitute in Virginia City, Nevada

20th century
Elizabeth Adams, (1933 or 1934–July 8, 1995), also known as Madam Alex, Hollywood madam
Polly Adler, New York madam, 1920s to 1940s
Air Force Amy, a legal prostitute in Nevada, pornographic actress, and adult model, who starred in the HBO television documentary series Cathouse: The Series. MSNBC has called her "a living legend in the world of sex."
Josie Arlington, madam in Storyville, New Orleans
Caridad la Negra (María de la Caridad Norberta Pacheco Sánchez) Spanish prostitute and madam, early to mid-20th century
Suzy Favor-Hamilton, 3 time Olympian for Track and Field, and the subject of intense publicity when her activities as an escort became public.
Heidi Fleiss, a.k.a. the "Hollywood Madam", ran an upscale prostitution ring based in Los Angeles during the 1990s
Mata Hari (born Margaretha Geertruida Zelle), Dutch spy
Xaviera Hollander, author of the memoir The Happy Hooker: My Own Story
La Macorina, Cuban courtesan, 1910s to 1930s
Carol Leigh, a.k.a. Scarlot Harlot, coined the term "sex worker"
Brooke Magnanti, blogger and scientist who wrote as Belle de Jour and was the inspiration for Billie Piper's character in Secret Diary of a Call Girl
Barbara Payton, American actress turned prostitute
Charlotte Rose, an English sex worker, dominatrix, sexual trainer and political candidate
Annie Sprinkle, American sex worker, porn star, and sex educator and writer
Valérie Tasso, French author
Sheila Vogel-Coupe, at 85+ the oldest prostitute in the United Kingdom and, possibly, the world
Gangubai Harjeevandas, a prostitute, an Indian social activist and madam of a brothel in the Kamathipura area of Mumbai during the 1960s
Clara Ward, Princesse de Caraman-Chimay, daughter of a Michigan lumberman who spent most of her life in Europe
Lulu White, madam in Storyville, New Orleans
Estella Marie Thompson, also known as Divine Brown, an American and former prostitute who gained public attention in 1995 when actor Hugh Grant was caught receiving oral sex from her in his car
Kimberly Daniels, former sex worker and drug addict who became a prolific author, religious minister and member of the Florida House of Representatives; introduced successful legislation to put In God we trust in Florida school classrooms
Domenica Niehoff, German prostitute, dominatrix, sex worker rights activist and television personality
Molly Luft, German prostitute, brothel owner and television personality
Margo St. James, activist and sex worker

21st century

Liara Roux, American prostitute, sex worker rights activist and author in New York
Sexy Cora, German former prostitute, pornographic actress and reality show participant

Fictional

In literature
Angel/Sarah, Lucky, & Mai Ling, in Redeeming Love by Francine Rivers
Bella Cohen, Florry, & Zoe, in Ulysses by James Joyce
Belle, Ah, Wilderness! by Eugene O'Neill
Belle Watling, Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell
Betsi, a female Whiphid, Star Wars: X-wing (book series) by Michael A. Stackpole.
Candy, in Candy: A Novel of Love and Addiction by Luke Davies
Candy, in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey
Chandramukhi, in Devdas by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
Eccentrica Gallumbits, "The Triple-Breasted Whore of Eroticon Six" in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams
Elisabeth Rouset, in "Boule de Suif", a short story by Guy de Maupassant
Fanny Hill, in Fanny Hill by John Cleland
Fantine, in Les Misérables by Victor Hugo

Marguerite Gautier, from Alexandre Dumas, fils' work La Dame aux camélias, inspired by real life 19th-century courtesan Marie Duplessis,
Jenny Smith, in Kurt Weill's Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny and The Threepenny Opera
Juliette, in the Marquis de Sade's Juliette
Kamala, in Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse
Lady Sally, in Callahan's Lady by Spider Robinson
Lozana, Portrait of Lozana by Francisco Delicado
Lulu, in Frank Wedekind's plays and Alban Berg's opera of the same name
Mamie Stover, The Revolt of Mamie Stover by William Bradford Huie
Manon Lescaut
Mistress Overdone, manager of a bordello in Measure for Measure by William Shakespeare
Moll Flanders, The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe
Molly Malone, Irish urban legend
Mother Goose, in Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress
Nana, Nana, by Émile Zola
Nancy, Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens
Odette, in Marcel Proust's Un amour de Swann
Phedre no Delauny of Jacqueline Carey's Kushiel novels
Pie 'Oh' Pah, from Imajica by Clive Barker
Romulus, central character in The Romanian: Story of an Obsession by Bruce Benderson
Mrs. Rosie Palm, brothel owner and president of the Guild of "Seamstresses" in various Discworld novels by Terry Pratchett
Satine, in Moulin Rouge! by Baz Luhrmann, a story based on the Paris nightclub of the same name
Séverine Serizy, in the 1928 novel Belle de Jour and the 1967 film based on it
Sonya Marmeladova, Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Suzie Wong, from The World of Suzie Wong by Richard Mason
Talanta, La Talanta by Pietro Aretino
Thúy Kiều, The Tale of Kieu by Nguyễn Du
Tra La La, Last Exit to Brooklyn by Hubert Selby
Tristessa, Tristessa by Jack Kerouac
Vasantsenaa, a Nagarvadhu, or wealthy courtesan, in Śudraka's Sanskrit play Mṛcchakatika
Violetta, main character from the opera La Traviata by Giuseppe Verdi, is also inspired by Alexandre Dumas' La Dame aux camélias. "La Traviata" means "the reprobate".
Yumi Komagata, in Rurouni Kenshin by Nobuhiro Watsuki
Zaza, in Zaza by Pierre Berton and

Film, television, and musical theater
Belle the Sleeping Car, train in Starlight Express by Andrew Lloyd Webber
Christine/Chelsea, central character in The Girlfriend Experience
Inara Serra, Firefly by Joss Whedon
Ai Nu () in Intimate Confessions of a Chinese Courtesan (1972) by Chor Yuen (Hong Kong) (Mandarin) (Action, Drama)
Bree Daniels (Jane Fonda) in Klute (1971) by Alan J. Pakula (USA) (English) (Crime, Mystery, Thriller)
Cabiria (Giulietta Masina) in Nights of Cabiria (1957) by Federico Fellini (Italy, France) (Italian) (Drama)
Chandramukhi (Vyjayanthimala and Madhuri Dixit) in Devdas (1955) by Bimal Roy and Devdas (2002) by Sanjay Leela Bhansali respectively (India) (Hindi, Urdu, Bengali) (Drama, Musical, Romance); from novella by Saratchandra Chatterjee
Chiyo Sakamoto (Ziyi Zhang) in Memoirs of a Geisha (2005) by Rob Marshall (USA) (English, Japanese) (Drama, Romance); from novel by Arthur Golden
Claire Reine / Garance (Arletty) in Children of Paradise (1945) by Marcel Carné (France) (French) (Drama, Romance)
Constance Miller (Julie Christie) in McCabe & Mrs. Miller (1971) by Robert Altman (USA) (English) (Drama, Western); from novel by Edmund Naughton
Doris (Barbra Streisand) in The Owl and the Pussycat (1970) by Herbert Ross (USA) (English) (Comedy, Romance); from play by Bill Manhoff
Eréndira (Claudia Ohana) in Eréndira (1983) by Ruy Guerra (France, Mexico, West Germany) (Portuguese, Spanish) (Drama); from novel by Gabriel García Márquez
Fanny Hill (Letícia Román) in Fanny Hill (1964) by Russ Meyer (USA, West Germany) (English, German) (Comedy); from novel by John Cleland
Fleur (Anita Mui) in Rouge (1988) by Stanley Kwan (Hong Kong) (Cantonese) (Drama, Fantasy, Music, Mystery, Romance); from novel by Lilian Lee
Gigi (Leslie Caron) in Gigi (1958) by Vincente Minnelli (USA) (English, French) (); from novella by Colette
Gloria Wandrous (Elizabeth Taylor) in BUtterfield 8 (1960) by Daniel Mann (USA) (English) (Drama); from novel by John O'Hara
Hattie (Susan Sarandon) in Pretty Baby (1978) by Louis Malle (USA) (English) (Drama)
Ilya (Melina Mercouri) in Never on Sunday (1960) by Jules Dassin (Greece, USA) (English, Greek, Russian) (Comedy, Drama, Romance)
Iris (Jodie Foster) in Taxi Driver (1976) by Martin Scorsese (USA) (English, Spanish) (Crime, Drama)
Irma La Douce (Shirley MacLaine) in Irma la Douce (1963) by Billy Wilder (USA) (English) (Comedy, Romance); from play by Alexandre Breffort
Isabelle (Marine Vacth) in Young & Beautiful (2013) by François Ozon (France) (French, German) (Drama, Romance)
Juxian (Gong Li), courtesan and prostitute at an upscale brothel before marrying Duan Xiaolou in the book and film Farewell My Concubine
Liz (Theresa Russell) in Whore (1991) by Ken Russell (USA) (USA, UK) (Drama); from play by David Hines
Lorena Wood (Diane Lane) in Lonesome Dove (1989) by Simon Wincer (USA) (English) (Adventure, Drama, Western); from novel by Larry McMurtry
Lynn Bracken (Kim Basinger) in L.A. Confidential (1997) by Curtis Hanson (USA) (English) (Crime, Drama, Mystery, Thriller); from novel by James Ellroy
Marguerite Gautier (Greta Garbo) in Camille (1936) by George Cukor (USA) (English) (Drama, Romance); from novel & play by Alexandre Dumas
Maya (Indira Varma) in Kama Sutra: A Tale of Love (1997) by Mira Nair (USA, India, UK, Japan, Germany) (English, Italian) (Crime, Drama, History, Romance)
Nana (Catherine Hessling) in Nana (1926) by Jean Renoir (France) (French) (Drama, Romance); from novel by Émile Zola
Ophelia (Jamie Lee Curtis) in the comedy film Trading Places (1983)
Otsuya (Ayako Wakao) in Irezumi (1966) by Yasuzō Masumura (Japan) (Japanese) (Drama); from novel by Jun'ichirō Tanizaki
Sahibjaan (Meena Kumari) in Pakeezah (1972) by Kamal Amrohi (India) (Urdu) (Musical, Romance, Drama)
Satine (Nicole Kidman) in Moulin Rouge! (2001) by Baz Luhrmann (Australia, USA) (English, French, Spanish) (Drama, Musical, Romance)
Satsu Sakamoto (Samantha Futerman), sister of Chiyo, who was not allowed to join the Geisha house and ended up in a brothel, instead. From the book and movie Memoirs of a Geisha.
Seol-ji (Kim Ok-bin) in The Accidental Gangster and the Mistaken Courtesan (2008) by Yeo Kyun-dong (South Korea) (Korean) (Action, Adventure, Comedy)
Séverine Serizy (Catherine Deneuve) in Belle de Jour (1967) by Luis Buñuel (France, Italy) (French, Spanish) (Drama); from novel by Joseph Kessel
Suzie Wong (Nancy Kwan) in The World of Suzie Wong (1960) by Richard Quine (UK, USA) (English, Cantonese) (Drama, Romance); from novel by Richard Mason
Tereza Batista (Patrícia França) in Tereza Batista: Home from the Wars (1992) by Paulo Afonso Grisolli (Brazil) (Portuguese) (Drama); from novel by Jorge Amado
Umrao Jaan (Aishwarya Rai Bachchan) in Umrao Jaan (2006) by J.P. Dutta (India) (Urdu, Hindi) (Drama, Romance); from novel by Mirza Haadi Ruswa
Veronica Franco (Catherine McCormack) in Dangerous Beauty (1998) by Marshall Herskovitz (USA) (English) (Biography, Drama, Romance); from biography by Margaret Rosenthal
Violet (Brooke Shields) in Pretty Baby (1978) by Louis Malle (USA) (English) (Drama)
Vivian Ward (Julia Roberts) in Pretty Woman (1990) by Garry Marshall (USA) (English) (Comedy, Romance)
Zoe (Julie Delpy) in Killing Zoe (1993) by Roger Avary (France, USA) (English, French) (Crime, Thriller)
Blanche Simmons (Louise Jameson), Dorothy Bennett (Veronica Roberts) and Maggie Thorpe (Lizzie Mickery) in Tenko are all to some degree prostitutes. Maggie is intended to be a replacement for Blanche as by the 3rd series of Tenko, Blanche dies offscreen as a result of beri-beri.

Symbolic or allegorical prostitutes
The Whore of Babylon
Oholah and Oholibah
Moll Hackabout, the prostitute in The Harlot's Progress by William Hogarth

Myth and legend
Agatha - English prostitute, mother of Mother Shipton
Basileia (Ancient Greece) - in Pandemos, this goddess was mainly a goddess for prostitutes or courtesans
Bebhinn (Celts of the British Isles) - the goddess of pleasure
Gomer, a prostitute whom God commanded Hosea to marry in the biblical Book of Hosea
Mary Magdalene was supposed to have been a prostitute by those who identified her with the sinful woman in , an identification now generally abandoned
Naamah (Hebrews) - an angel of prostitution, one of the succubus mates of the demon Samael in Zoharistic Qabalah
Rahab, Biblical prostitute who assisted the Hebrews in capturing Jericho ()
Shamhat (Sumer/Babylon)
Xochiquetzal (Aztecs) - the goddess of prostitutes, pregnant women, & dancing
Alexandra Dé Broussehan (Irish Celts) - a woman turned spirit of prostitution, caused a war between the Callahan and Lawlor Clans, and often associated with Korrigan whose worship involved sacred prostitution

See also
 Index of prostitute articles

References

Bibliography
 Quan, Tracy. Opera, in Melissa Ditmore (ed.), Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work 2006

Prostitutes and courtesans
Prostitutes and courtesans
Prostitutes and courtesans

List of prostitutes and courtesans


سوق تسوكيجي للأسماك  هو أكبر سوق لبيع الأسماك بالجملة في العالم. لا يقتصر نشاط سوق تسوكيجي على بيع الأسماك بل يتعداه إلى أنواع اللحوم الأخرى والخضار والفواكه. يقع سوق تسوكيجي في منطقة تسوكيجي، طوكيو.

يتعامل السوق مع أكثر من 400 نوع من المنتجات البحرية بكل أحجامها وأسعارها، بدأ بالأعشاب البحرية وانتهاء بالكافيار. يبلغ حجم تعامل السوق سنويا حوالي 700 ألف طن متري من المأكولات البحرية، بقيمة تبلغ 600 مليار ين ياباني.

يتراوح عدد العمال المسجلين في سوق تسوكيجي بين 60,000 إلى 65,000 عامل بمن فيهم البائعين، الناقلين، المحاسبين، الحراس، ممثلي الشركات والموزعين.

تاريخ

تأسس أول سوق للسمك في إيدو (طوكيو حالياً) على يد توكوغاوا إياسو في فترة إيدو لتزويد قلعة إيدو بما تحتاجه من الأسماك والمنتجات البحرية، كان الفائض من الأسماك التي لا تشتريها قلعة إيدو يباع عند نيهونباشي للعامة، وتطور السوق في تلك المنطقة.

بعد زلزال كانتو الكبير 1923، تم إعادة تنظيم طوكيو وانتقل السوق من نيهونباشي إلى منطقته الحالية في تسوكيجي بعد إكمال البناء في عام 1935.

الموقع
يقع سوق العاصمة طوكيو للتجارة بالجملة أو ما يعرف عموما بسوق تسوكيجي للأسماك قرب محطة تسوكيجيشيجو على خط أويدو، أو محطة تسوكيجي على خط هيبيا التابع لطوكيو مترو.

يقسم السوق إلى جزئين رئيسيين، الجزء الداخلي (場内市場 جوناي شيجو) ويضم محلات مرخصة للبيع بالجملة، حيث تجري المزاودات ومعظم عمليات بيع وشراء الأسماك حيث يضم السوق الداخلي حوالي 900 شركة تجارية تملك دكاكين صغيرة في هذا القسم. أما الجزء الخارجي (場外市場 جوغاي شيجو) فيضم عدد كبير من المحلات ذات النشاطات المختلفة بدءا من دكاكين البيع بالتجزئة، وحتى المطاعم وأشهرها مطاعم السوشي. تغلق معظم الدكاكين في السوق الخارجي بعد الظهيرة بقليل، أما الدكاكين في السوق الداخلية فمعظمها تنهي نشاطها اليومي قبل الظهيرة.

معرض صور

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي لسوق تسوكيجي

أسواق سمك
انحلالات سنة 2018 في اليابان
تأسيسات سنة 1935 في اليابان
شركات أطعمة ومشروبات أسست في 1935
معالم طوكيو
مبان ومنشآت في تشوأو (طوكيو)

سوق تسوكيجي للأسماك


Liste over danske kommuners slogans indeholder en liste over slogans og brandingstrategier for danske kommuner.

Hvor intet andet er angivet er kilden artiklen "En rigtig kommune skal da have et slogan"

Referencer

Kommuner i Danmark

Liste over danske kommuners slogans


Električna pokretljivost, pokretljivost nositelja električnoga naboja ili električna mobilnost (oznaka µ) je fizikalna veličina koja opisuje prosječnu brzinu gibanja čestica nabijenih električnim nabojem u pravcu električnoga polja, količnik brzine zanošenja vd čestica nabijenih električnim nabojem u pravcu polja i jakosti električnoga polja E, dakle:

Pokretljivost nositelja električnoga naboja ovisi o temperaturi i vrsti kemijske tvari.

Primjerice, u poluvodičima je električna pokretljivost elektrona manja što je veća koncentracija primjesa i viša temperatura (primjese narušavaju pravilnost strukture kristalne rešetke, a na višim temperaturama vibracije kristalne rešetke jače raspršuju elektrone). Pokretljivost elektrona u poluvodiču je:

gdje je: e - električni naboj elektrona, τ - prosječno vrijeme između dvaju sudara elektrona s kristalnom rešetkom, me - masa elektrona. Mjerna jedinica električne pokretljivosti je kvadratni metar po voltsekundi (m2/Vs).

Elektronska teorija
Poznato je da su najmanje čestice materije molekule i atomi. Međutim, atom nije nedjeljiv, kako se prije to mislilo, već se sastoji od atomske jezgre oko koje kruže velikim brzinama još manje čestice koje se zovu elektroni. Atom možemo usporediti sa Sunčevim sustavom u kojem planeti kruže oko Sunca. Atomi su sastavljeni od atomske jezgre i elektrona koji kruže oko te jezgre, samo se međusobno razlikuju po veličini jezgre i po broju elektrona. Najjednostavniji atom je atom kemijskog elementa vodika kod kojeg oko jezgre kruži samo jedan elektron. Najveći je atom koji se nalazi u prirodi atom elementa uranija kod kojeg oko jezgre kruže 92 elektrona.

Elektron je najsitnija negativna čestica u atomu, to jest on je negativno električan, dok je atomska jezgra pozitivno električna.

Ima tvari kod kojih su elektroni u atomu čvrsto vezani uz atomsku jezgru tako da se ne mogu od nje odijeliti na jednostavan način. Te tvari nisu sposobne za vođenje elektriciteta (električni izolatori). Kovine imaju takav sastav da kod njih nisu svi elektroni vezani uz atomsku jezgru, već ima i slobodnih elektrona koji se lako gibaju između molekula kovine. Električna struja je usmjereno gibanje slobodnih elektrona.

Ako neko fizikalno tijelo ima potpun broj svojih elektrona, kaže se da je to tijelo električni neutralno. Zbog različitih okolnosti atom nekog tijela može izgubiti nešto od svojih slobodnih elektrona, pa će ostatak atoma biti pozitivno električan. U protivnom slučaju, ako atom primi nešto suvišnih elektrona, on će biti negativno električan. Ovakvi, električki nabijeni atomi, bilo pozitivno ili negativno, zovu se ioni. Ima, dakle, pozitivnih i negativnih iona. Pozitivni ioni zovu se kationi jer se gibaju prema negativnoj elektrodi ili katodi, a negativni ioni zovu se anioni jer se gibaju prema pozitivnoj elektrodi ili anodi. Ionizirani mogu biti ne samo pojedini atomi nego i međusobno povezane grupe od dva ili više atoma. To su složeni ili kompleksni ioni.

Izvori

Fizikalne veličine
Elektromagnetizam
Fizikalna kemija

Električna pokretljivost


مدعاجون  بتشديد الميم وضم الجيم وسكون النون، من قرى السهل الجنوبي لضيعة كوخرد، قرية زراعية عامرة ملاصقة لبادية كوخرد الجنوبية، تابعة لناحية كوخرد  (بالفارسية: بخش كوخرد)  من توابع مدينة بستك في محافظة هرمزگان في جنوب إيران. قرية زراعية تقع في محاذات قرية عالي جلال على الضفة الجنوبية لـنهر مهران وتبعد عن عالى جلال لمسافة ثلاث كيلومترات، تقع أسفل هضبة وادي دنكوا، وشرق « هضبة جلالي » في مجرى وادي سدبز التاريخي. من أسماءها: « مزاجان » و« مدحاجون ».

حدود مدعاجون

من الشمال: نهر مهران، ومن الجنوب سد بز ووادي دنكو، ومن الغرب باغ زرد، ومن الشرق تنتهي ب بيك أحمد وبشكروا.

آثار مدعاجون
آثار مدعاجون تـتمثل في منازل « قبيلة آلرشيد » وآثار منازل « قبيلة آل جعفر ». بها مزارع النخيل وآبار مياه عذبة، وبركة تسمى: « بركة محمد حاجيان »، كما اشتهرت مدعاجون بكثرة المزروعات وأشجار النخيل وثمارها. ويجلب منها: القسب(1)، والخشف(2)، والجرمة(3)، وغيرها من المنتوجات النخيل.

  يقول في ذلك الشاعر الكبير الحاج يوسف بن جعفر هذه الأبيات الجميلة:

  كذلك قال الشاعر الكبير راستی هذه الأبيات بالفارسية :

  القسب : تمر يابس يتفتت في الفم صلب النواة، وواحدة قسبة.
  الخشف : التمر اليابس، أو أردأ التمر أو اليابس السيء من التمر ويسمى باللهجة المحلية (كُنگِى) وهو طعام للمواشي.
  الجرمة : الجزء المقطوع من شجرة النخيل.

المصادر

 الكوخردى، محمد، بن يوسف، (كُوخِرد حَاضِرَة اِسلامِيةَ عَلي ضِفافِ نَهر مِهران kookherd، an Islamic District on the bank of Mehran River) الطبعة الثالثة ،دبى: سنة 1997 للميلاد.
 محمدیان، کوخردی، محمد، " «به یاد کوخرد» "، ج1. چاپ أول، دبی: سال انتشار 2002 میلادی.(فارسي)
 سلامى، بستكى، احمد.  (بستک در گذرگاه تاریخ)  ج2 چاپ أول، 1372 خورشيدى.
 عباسی، قلی، مصطفی،  «بستک وجهانگیریه»، چاپ أول، تهران : ناشر: شرکت انتشارات جهان معاصر، سال 1372 خورشیدی.
 محمدیان، كوخردى، محمد،  (شهرستان بستک وبخش کوخرد) ، ج1. چاپ أول، دبی: سال انتشار 2005 میلادی.
 بالود، محمد.  (فرهنگ عامه در منطقه بستک)  ناشر همسايه، چاپ زيتون، انتشار سال 1384 خورشیدی.
 بنى عباسيان، بستكى، محمد اعظم،  « تاريخ جهانگيريه»  چاپ تهران، سال 1339 خورشيدى.
 بختيارى، سعيد،،  « اتواطلس إيران » ، " مؤسسه جغرافيايى وكارتگرافى گيتا شناسى، بهار 1384 خورشيدى

انظر أيضاً
  كوخرد حاضرة إسلامية على ضفاف نهر مهران

وصلات خارجية
 الادارية لمحافظة هرمزگان
 الادارية لمحافظة هرمزگان (بلده كوخرد)

أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة بستك
بلدة كوخرد
مدن إيران

مدعاجون


Matthias Lixenfeld (* 11. September 1899 in Duisburg; † 20. November 1986 ebenda) war ein deutscher Komponist, Illusionist und Karnevalist.

Leben
Matthias Lixenfeld wurde im Arbeiterstadtteil Hochfeld als Sohn von Johann-Friedrich und Sophia Lixenfeld geboren. In seiner Geburtsurkunde wird der Vorname noch mit "Mathias" angegeben. Gegen Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs wurde er noch eingezogen. Nach dem Krieg lernte er Maschinenbau und fing bei der Demag an. Gleichzeitig ließ er sich in der Abendschule in Kompositionslehre unterrichten. Während der Zeit der Inflation betätigte sich Matthias Lixenfeld mit Klavierspielen, bis die Demag ihn wieder beschäftigte.

Seit 1928 war Matthias Lixenfeld Karnevalist. In allen Stadtteilen gab es damals, im Gegensatz zu heute, noch größere und kleinere Säle oder Gesellschaftszimmer. Wo nicht, fand der Fastnachtstrubel auch in den Gaststätten statt. In einer solchen Gaststätte, nämlich "Zum Klösterchen" in der Altstadt, lernte er 1930 den "Oldstädter Jong" Hans Hemmer kennen. Dieser war von Lixenfelds Klavierspiel so überzeugt, dass er die beiden Lieder vom "Pfeffermünzmariechen" und vom "Wedaustrand" bei der Karnevalssitzung des Turn- und Sportvereins 1848/99 ins Programm nahm. Der Auftritt war ein voller Erfolg und der Beginn der musikalisch-karnevalistischen Laufbahn Lixenfelds. Damals wurde ihm auch sein erster "echt goldener Orden aus Messing" mit schwarzweißer Schleife, handgehämmert von Karl Emmerich, verliehen.

Viele Pioniere des Duisburger Karnevals wie Josef Grabowski, Hubert Neukirchen oder Harry Waldmann stellten Matthias Lixenfeld in den Mittelpunkt ihrer Sitzungen. Er verfasste eine Vielzahl von Liedern und Märschen. Als echtem Duisburger und sogar Hochfelder Jong lag ihm die Mundart sehr am Herzen. Schon früh inspirierte ihn seine Liebe zu seiner Vaterstadt zu dem Text "Op min old Duisburg", das 1932 anlässlich einer Rundfunkübertragung aus der Tohnalle vom bekannten Orchester Leo Eysoldt uraufgeführt wurde. Seine enge Verbundenheit zu seiner rheinischen Heimat machte er mit folgendem Lied deutlich: "Ich grüße die Heimat, die Scholle am Rhein, Ich grüße euch, deutsche Mägdelein, Euch Burgen und Reben auf sonnigen Höh'n. O Heimat, wie bist du so schön!". Als im Jahr 1934 der "Tierpark" in Duisburg angelegt wurde, gab es natürlich direkt ein Fasteloweslied von Matthias Lixenfeld: "Stadt Duisburg kreg en Zoo met Aape dren! Dröm freu ek mich, dat ek ut Duisburg ben!"

Lixenfeld trat im April 1932 in die NSDAP ein (Mitgliedsnummer 1.166.211).

In den Jahren vor dem Kriege schrieb Matthias Lixenfeld fast zu jedem Rosenmontagszug-Motto ein Lied:
 1935 "Wi häwwe utgeschlope"
 1936 "Wie häwwe die Karr am rolle"
 1937 "An ene Streck"
 und auch 1952 "Wie make wat met"

Für die "Hochfelder Serenade" mit einem schon damals kräftigen Seitenhieb auf die gute Hochfelder Luft hatte ihm die Duisburger Kupferhütte einen mehrere Meter hohen Kamin mit 3 Reihen "rote Lämpkes" zur Verfügung gestellt.

Ebenfalls 1938 schrieb Lixenfeld ein Volksstück mit Musik "Der Ölprinz von Hochfeld", ein gravierendes Ereignis in der Historie der Hochfelder. In der Sandgrube am Immendahl des Fuhrunternehmers Hans Dömkes hatten 1937 einige Fastnachtsjecken ein großes Fass mit altem Maschinenöl vergraben. Ein Klempnermeister und "Altertumsforscher", dem dieser Scherz gegolten hatte, setzte zum Erschrecken der Urheber städtische und sonstige Behörden in Bewegung. Natürlich löste sich alles in Wohlgefallen auf. Selbst der Oberbürgermeister stieg Rosenmontag auf den Ölprinzenwagen. Nach dem Krieg erfuhr Lixenfeld, dass man aus seinem Ölprinzen im wahrsten Sinne eine Staatsaktion gemacht hatte, da sogar die "Geheime Staatspolizei" beim Theaterverein "Alt Heidelberg" alle Rollenbücher beschlagnahmt hatte. 1938 empfahl Hans Bier für den Kinderkarneval auf dem Hochfelder Markt den Ölprinzen wieder aufleben zu lassen. Die intensiven Nachforschungen ergaben eine solche Fülle komischer Situationen, dass Lixenfeld hieraus – frei gestaltet und bühnenwirksam – ein abendfüllendes Theaterstück unter Hinzufügung eigener Lieder schrieb.

Noch unter dem Präsidenten Hans Bier wurde eine Funkengarde gebildet, deren Hauptstützen Hans Bier jun. und Heinz van Groen waren. Funkengarde ohne Tanz war natürlich ein Unding, und so komponierte Lixenfeld 1935 den "Stippeföttkestanz" im Rheinländertempo, der vor dem Rathaus zum ersten Mal aufgeführt wurde und noch heute fester Bestandteil der inzwischen selbständig gewordenen "Roten Funken" ist. Auch für die Prinzengarde hatte Lixenfeld einen Marsch komponiert, den er am Abend des 26. Oktober 1938 zu Gehör brachte und der noch heute verwendet wird.

Im Jahr 1947 wünschte sich Paul Baumeister, damals noch Geschäftsführer der K. G. Blau-Weiß, von Lixenfeld einen vereinseigenen Büttenmarsch, den er als "Marsch der Blau-Weißen" schrieb. Im Jahr 1953 hatten die Blau-Weißen eine stattliche Garde gebildet. Exprinz Karl I., Karl Burggräfe, hielt es für angebracht, für diese Garde einen eigenen Marsch zu besitzen. Noch heute erklingt der "Marsch der Ehrengarde der Stadt Duisburg Blau-Weiß 1929 e.V."

Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg erkannte Lixenfeld eine weitere Begabung, sein Talent für die Zauberei. Von 1945 bis 1948 gab das langjährige Mitglied des "Magischen Zirkels" nach seinem Eintritt in die "Internationale Artisten-Loge" Auftritte als Zauberkünstler "Lixerni" in amerikanischen Clubs, so 1945 in Ulm, und ab 1946 auch in englischen Clubs im Ruhrgebiet.

1949 kam er dem Drängen der DEMAG nach, denn es gab kaum noch Konstrukteure für Siemens-Martin-Öfen. Ein ehemaliger Kollege erinnerte sich, dass er aber manchmal anstatt technischer Zeichnungen Notenlinien aufs Blatt brachte.

Die Nachkriegszeit und die abnormen Verhältnisse boten dem Karnevalisten Lixenfeld eine Fülle von Anregungen. So schrieb er unter anderem die "Schwarzhändler-Ballade" und das Lied "Die Liebe ist noch immer punktefrei", in dem er die Kartenflut für die Versorgung der Menschen beschrieb.
Albert Taeger, Humorist und Mitgründer der "Blau-Weißen" regte Lixenfeld an, ein größeres Potpourri "Die Hamsterfahrt" zu schreiben. Vorgetragen von Albert Taeger und Willi Reinboldt (als "Knall und Fall") hatte es einen durchschlagenden Erfolg. Deshalb folgten bald in ähnlicher Gestaltung "Die Schwarzbrenner" – "Demontagen-Klänge" und "Der letzte Schwarzhändler". Nebenbei schrieb Lixenfeld Karnevalslieder, Gedichte, Rosenlieder, Männerchorlieder u.v.m. Und immer wieder mit seinen Texten bestens im Bilde: "Du bist ein kleiner Casanova" – "Mondschein – Walzer" – "Lass mich Dein Sputnik sein" – "Wir halten Maß" – "Nimm bloß die Pille nicht" oder "Oh Jacky" sind nur einige Beispiele. Unvergessen und vorbildlich auch sein Einsatz beim Kinderkarneval der Ehrengarde. "Onkel Matthes" agierte oft im alten "Rheinhof".

Im Pensionsalter entdeckte Matthias Lixenfeld wieder seine Liebe zu den Rosen. Bereits 1928 hatte er sein erstes "Rosenlied" verfasst. Jetzt schrieb er Rosenlieder nach Gedichten von Gottfried Benn, Clemens Brentano, Conrad Ferdinand Meyer und Friedrich Rückert, die beim 85-jährigen Jubiläum des "Vereins Deutscher Rosenfreunde" im Jahr 1968 uraufgeführt wurden.

Als Matthias Lixenfeld am 20. November 1986 hochbetagt im Alter von 87 Jahren starb, hatte er über vier Jahrzehnte den Duisburger Karneval mit seinen Liedern belebt und erfreut. Seinen Lebensleitspruch hatte Matthias Lixenfeld bei Horaz gefunden: "Dulce est desipere in loco – Lieblich ist´s ein Narr zu sein am rechten Ort"

Einmal sagte er: "In beschaulicher Stunde setzte ich mich zuweilen ans Klavier: Dann seng ek en Liedke op Duisburger Platt, Son Liedke, dat mäck einem Mut. On wor ma dat Läwe uk noch so satt – Et weed doch am End weher gut!"

Zu Ehren des großen Sohnes der Stadt Duisburg gab es am 14. November 2010 in der Aula des Gertrud-Bäumer-Berufskollegs ein Konzert mit seinen bekanntesten Stücken. Am 4. August 2011 wurde in Duisburg die "Matthias Lixenfeld Gesellschaft" gegründet, die sich zum 30. Juni 2014 wieder auflöste. Seine Erinnerungen und Kompositionen verwahrt heute die Zeitzeugenbörse Duisburg e.V.

Einzelnachweise

 Duisburger Jahrbuch 2011 – Beitrag von Harald Molder, ISBN 978-3-87463-478-6

Weblinks
 Bilder der Matthias-Lixenfeld-Gesellschaft auf Commons

Komponist (Deutschland)
Deutscher
NSDAP-Mitglied
Geboren 1899
Gestorben 1986
Mann

Matthias Lixenfeld


A25, A 25 or A-25 may refer to:

 Aero A.25, a Czech military training aircraft of the 1920s
 HLA-A25, an HLA-A serotype
 Junkers A 25, a German two-seater cantilever monoplane
 Article 25, a UK development and disaster relief charity
 A25 accident report form formerly used by the Fleet Air Arm and featured in a World War II song

See also
 English Opening in the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings
 Curtiss A-25 Shrike, a World War II dive bomber variant of SB2C Helldiver
 List of highways numbered 25

Roads
 List of A25 roads

A25


Alfredo de Abreu Pereira Marques, ou apenas Alfredo Marques, (Maranguape, 14 de abril de 1926 – Maranguape, 10 de abril de 2010) foi um advogado e político brasileiro, outrora deputado federal pelo Ceará.

Dados biográficos
Filho de Heinzelmann Pereira Marques e Antonieta de Abreu Pereira Marques. Advogado formado pela Universidade Federal do Ceará, elegeu-se vereador em Maranguape sob a legenda da UDN em 1962, ingressando no MDB quando o Regime Militar de 1964 impôs o bipartidarismo através do Ato Institucional Número Dois, sendo reeleito em 1966. Segundo suplente de deputado estadual em 1970, foi eleito em 1974. Primeiro suplente de deputado federal em 1978, foi efetivado em 24 de junho de 1981, dias após o falecimento de Figueiredo Correia.

Naturais de Maranguape
Deputados federais do Brasil pelo Ceará
Deputados estaduais do Ceará
Vereadores do Ceará
Alunos da Universidade Federal do Ceará
Advogados do Ceará
Membros do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (1966)

Alfredo Marques


Nimā Yushij (; 12 November 1895 – 6 January 1960), also called Nimā (), born Ali Esfandiāri (), was an Iranian poet. He is famous for his style of poetry which he popularized, called she'r-e now (, lit. "new poetry"), also known as She'r-e Nimaa'i (, lit "Nima poetry") in his honour after his death. He is considered as the father of modern Persian poetry.

He died of pneumonia in Shemiran, in the northern part of Tehran and was buried in his native village of Yush, Nur County, Mazandaran, as he had willed.

Early life
He was the eldest son of Ibrahim Nuri of Yush (a village in Baladeh, Nur County, Mazandaran province of Iran). He was a Tabarian, but also had Georgian roots on his maternal side. He grew up in Yush, mostly helping his father with the farm and taking care of the cattle. As a boy, he visited many local summer and winter camps and mingled with shepherds and itinerant workers. Images of life around the campfire, especially those emerging from the shepherds' simple and entertaining stories about village and tribal conflicts, impressed him greatly. These images, etched in the young poet's memory waited until his power of diction developed sufficiently to release them.

Nima's early education took place in a maktab. He was a truant student and the mullah (teacher) often had to seek him out in the streets, drag him to school, and punish him. At the age of twelve, Nima was taken to Tehran and registered at the St. Louis School. The atmosphere at the Roman Catholic school did not change Nima's ways, but the instructions of a thoughtful teacher did. Nezam Vafa, a major poet himself, took the budding poet under his wing and nurtured his poetic talent.

Instruction at the Catholic school was in direct contrast to instruction at the maktab. Similarly, living among the urban people was at variance with life among the tribal and rural peoples of the north. In addition, both these lifestyles differed greatly from the description of the lifestyle about which he read in his books or listened to in class. Although it did not change his attachment to tradition, the difference set fire to young Nima's imagination. In other words, even though Nima continued to write poetry in the tradition of Saadi and Hafez for quite some time his expression was being affected gradually and steadily. Eventually, the impact of the new overpowered the tenacity of tradition and led Nima down a new path. Consequently, Nima began to replace the familiar devices that he felt were impeding the free flow of ideas with innovative, even though less familiar devices that enhanced a free flow of concepts. "Ay Shab" (O Night) and "Afsaneh" (Myth) belong to this transitional period in the poet's life (1922).

Contributions

In general, Nima reformed the rhythm and allowed the length of the line to be determined by the depth of the thought being expressed rather than by the conventional Persian meters that had dictated the length of a bayt (verse) since the early days of Persian poetry. Furthermore, he emphasized current issues, especially the nuances of oppression and suffering, at the expense of the beloved's moon face or the ever-growing conflict between the lovers, the beloved, and the rival. In other words, Nima realized that while some readers were enthused by the charms of the lover and the coquettish ways of the beloved, the majority preferred heroes with whom they could identify. Nima actually wrote quite a few poems in the traditional Persian poetry style and as critiqued by Abdolali Dastgheib, showed his ability well. However, he felt the old ways limit his freedom to express his deep feelings or important issues faced by society. This led him to break free and create a whole new style for modern poetry.

Furthermore, Nima enhanced his images with personifications that were very different from the "frozen" imagery of the moon, the rose garden, and the tavern. His unconventional poetic diction took poetry out of the rituals of the court and placed it squarely among the masses. The natural speech of the masses necessarily added local color and flavor to his compositions. Lastly, and by far Nima's most dramatic element was the application of symbolism. His use of symbols was different from the masters in that he based the structural integrity of his creations on the steady development of the symbols incorporated. In this sense, Nima's poetry could be read as a dialogue among two or three symbolic references building up into a cohesive semantic unit. In the past only Hafez had attempted such creations in his Sufic ghazals. The basic device he employed, however, was thematic, rather than symbolic unity. Symbolism, although the avenue for the resolution of the most enigmatic of his ghazals, plays a secondary role in the structural makeup of the composition.455

Works
The venues in which Nima published his works are noteworthy. In the early years when the presses were controlled by the powers that be, Nima's poetry, deemed below the established norm, was not allowed publication. For this reason, many of Nima's early poems did not reach the public until the late 1930s. After the fall of Reza Shah, Nima became a member of the editorial board of the "Music" magazine. Working with Sadeq Hedayat, he published many of his poems in that magazine. Only on two occasions he published his works at his own expense: "The Pale Story" and "The Soldier's Family."

The closing of "Music" coincided with the formation of the Tudeh Party and the appearance of a number of leftist publications. Radical in nature, Nima was attracted to the new papers and published many of his groundbreaking compositions in them.

Ahmad Zia Hashtroudy and Abul Ghasem Janati Atayi are among the first scholars to have worked on Nima's life and works. The former included Nima's works in an anthology entitled "Contemporary Writers and Poets" (1923). The selections presented were: "Afsaneh," (Myth) "Ay Shab" (O Night), "Mahbass" (Prison), and four short stories.

References
Ali Azimi in his former band, Radio Tehran used one of Nima's poems titled When Crying Begins in their hit song Tamume Chiza (Everything).

See also

Intellectual Movements in Iran
Khalilollah Khalili
Mehdi Akhavan Sales

References

Other sources
 Essays on Nima Yushij: Animating Modernism in Persian Poetry, edited by Ahmad Karimi-Hakkak and Kamran Talattof. Leiden: Brill, 2004.
 Dastgheib, Abdolali. 2006. The Messenger of Hope and Liberty: Critical Review of poems by Nima Yooshij. 2006. Amitis Publishers, Tehran, Iran. . (Farsi title: پیام آور امید و آزادی)

External links

 Biography of Nima Yoshij on Iran Chamber Society
 Yushij, Nima. A biography by Professor Iraj Bashiri, University of Minnesota.

Yushij, Nima
Yushij, Nima
Yushij, Nima
Iranian people of Georgian descent
20th-century Iranian poets
20th-century male writers
Deaths from pneumonia in Iran
People from Nur, Iran
Mazandarani people

Nima Yooshij


Agrilus barkerellus é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Obenberger, 1936.

Referências

barkerellus

Agrilus barkerellus


No Sínodo de Whitby em 664, o Rei Osvio da Nortúmbria determinou que seu reino calcularia a Páscoa e observaria a tonsura monástica de acordo com os costumes de Roma, em vez dos costumes praticados pelos monges irlandeses em Iona e suas instituições satélites. O sínodo foi convocado no mosteiro duplo de Hilda em Streonshalh (Streanæshalch), mais tarde chamado de Abadia de Whitby.

Fontes

Existem duas fontes principais para o sínodo. A primeira fonte, a Vida de Wilfrid, é uma obra hagiográfica escrita por Estêvão de Ripon, muitas vezes identificado como Eddius Stephanus, provavelmente logo após 710. A segunda fonte é a Historia Ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum do Venerável Beda, escrita em 731 Uma das fontes de Beda era a própria Vida de Wilfrid, mas ele também teve acesso a pessoas que conheciam os participantes do sínodo. Por exemplo, Beda conheceu Acca de Hexham e dedicou muitos de seus trabalhos teológicos a ele. Acca foi companheiro de Wilfrid em algumas de suas viagens a Roma.

Ambos os relatos basicamente concordam, embora Beda faça um discurso muito mais longo sobre o debate. A descrição dos procedimentos, onde o Rei Osvio preside e governa, mas não se envolve no debate dos eclesiásticos, compara exemplos de outros sínodos em outras fontes, como um na Vita Sancti Bonifati de Willibald (onde o Rei Ine de Wessex realizou o mesma função que Osvio). No entanto, é importante observar que os autores, apesar de terem acesso relativamente bom às fontes sobre o sínodo, ainda escreveram à distância, e os relatos, especialmente as citações atribuídas aos participantes, são mais prováveis de serem resumos de como Beda e Estevão entendeu a questão em vez de algo como citações verdadeiras. Além disso, as motivações dos autores influenciaram como eles apresentaram o material. Beda colocou sua descrição do evento no centro de sua narrativa, e ele foi reconhecido por enfatizar demais o significado histórico do sínodo porque o cálculo da Páscoa era de interesse especial para ele e também porque desejava enfatizar a unidade da Igreja inglesa. No entanto, a precisão de Beda como historiador foi bem vista pelos estudiosos anglo-saxões, e os historiadores geralmente se sentiram confortáveis seguindo a apresentação básica de Beda do sínodo. O texto de Estevão encontrou mais críticas, e Reginald Poole identificou muitas de suas imprecisões, mas o relato de Estevão sobre o sínodo não sofreu as mesmas críticas que outras passagens de sua obra.

Antecedentes

Convocação

Decisão

Resultado

Legado e significado histórico

Ver também

 Cristianismo na Inglaterra anglo-saxônica

 Abadia de Whitby
 Colmán de Lindisfarne
 Santa Eanfleda
 Bretwalda
 Páscoa

Referências

História da Inglaterra
Século VII na Inglaterra
664
Religião na Inglaterra
Cristianismo na Inglaterra
Cristianismo céltico
Yorkshire
Sínodos

Sínodo de Whitby


"The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond" eller blot "Loch Lomond" er en velkendt traditionel skotsk folkesang (Roud No. 9598), der blev publiceret første gang i 1841 i Vocal Melodies of Scotland. Sangen omhandler Loch Lomond, der er Skotlands største loch, der ligger mellem de to counties Dunbartonshire og Stirlingshire. I Skotland er sangen ofte den sidste sang, der bliver spillet til aften med festivitas (dansefester, middage mv.).

Loch Lomond blev opført live af Benny Goodman ved The Famous 1938 Carnegie Hall Jazz Concert den 16. januar 1938 med Martha Tilton på vokal. Den er siden blev indspillet af mange forskellige kunstnere og bands, heriblandt rockgruppen AC/DC, jazzsangeren Maxine Sullivan (for hvem det blev et stort hit), Mudmen og det skotsk-canadiske punkband The Real McKenzies. Både det skotske folkrockband Runrig og det østrigske Quadriga Consort har brugt sangen som det sidste nummer ved deres koncerter.

Tekst
By yon bonnie banks and by yon bonnie braes,

Where the sun shines bright on Loch Lomond,

Where me and my true love were ever wont to gae

On the bonnie, bonnie banks o' Loch Lomond.

Omkvæd:

O ye'll tak' the high road, and I'll tak' the low road,

And I'll be in Scotland a'fore ye,

But me and my true love will never meet again,

On the bonnie, bonnie banks o' Loch Lomond.

'Twas there that we parted, in yon shady glen,

On the steep, steep side o' Ben Lomond,

Where in purple hue, the hieland hills we view,

And the moon coming out in the gloaming.

Omkvæd

The wee birdies sing and the wildflowers spring,

And in sunshine the waters are sleeping.

But the broken heart it kens nae second spring again,

Though the waeful may cease frae their grieving.

Omkvæd

Referencer

Runrig
Folkemusik fra Storbritannien

The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond


An Ponthieva mandonii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Ponthieva mandonii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Ponthieva, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Ponthieva

Ponthieva mandonii


The Premise é uma série de antologia americana criada por B. J. Novak. Ela estreou no FX on Hulu em 16 de setembro de 2021.

Sinopse
Cada episódio conta uma história conduzida por um único personagem sobre uma questão mundial atual.

Episódios

Produção
Em julho de 2019, a FX ordenou um pedido piloto de dois episódios para uma antologia criada por B. J. Novak e produzida pela FXP. Em maio de 2020, o FX escolheu a série. Lucas Hedges, Kaitlyn Dever, Jon Bernthal e Boyd Holbrook foram escalados para episódios piloto em 2019, enquanto Ben Platt, Tracee Ellis Ross e Daniel Dae Kim, entre outros, foram anunciados para estrelar a série em agosto de 2021. Durante a turnê de verão do Television Critics Association, Novak lançou luz sobre seus esforços para escalar Jack Nicholson para a série e explicou que eles haviam cancelado o episódio depois que não puderam escalá-lo. A música é de Emily Bear e Brooke Blair.

Lançamento
A série estreou em 16 de setembro de 2021, no FX on Hulu, nos Estados Unidos. Internacionalmente, a série está disponível através do Disney+ no hub de streaming dedicado Star em mercados selecionados, enquanto o Disney+ Hotstar estreou a série na Índia em 17 de setembro de 2021. Na América Latina, a série estreia como original Star+.

Recepção
O site agregador de resenhas Rotten Tomatoes relata um índice de aprovação de 41% com uma classificação média de 5,6/10, com base em 17 análises críticas. O consenso dos críticos do site diz: "Uma mistura de boas intenções que acaba falhando, as tentativas de The Premise de lidar com questões sociais complexas não são engraçadas o suficiente para funcionar como sátira, mas carecem do peso dramático necessário para satisfazer o melodrama." O Metacritic deu à série uma pontuação média ponderada de 53 de 100 com base em 14 análises críticas, indicando "análises mistas ou médias".

Referências

Ligações externas

Séries de televisão de drama dos Estados Unidos
Séries de televisão de drama da década de 2020
Séries de televisão de antologia da década de 2020
Programas de televisão dos Estados Unidos que estrearam em 2021
Programas de televisão em língua inglesa
Programação original do FX on Hulu

The Premise


Rogersville puede hacer referencia a las siguientes localidades:

Estados Unidos
Rogersville, pueblo del Estado de Alabama;
Rogersville, ciudad del Estado de Misuri;
Rogersville, lugar designado por el censo en el Estado de Pensilvania;
Rogersville, pueblo ubicado en el Estado de Tennessee; o

Otros
Rogersville, en Canadá.

Rogersville


La Emisora Nuevo Continente 1460 AM es una estación de radio de Colombia y uno de los primeros medios de comunicación para las iglesias protestantes del país, con enfoque interdenominacional.

Fundada en 1968 por los pastores Ignacio Guevara y Pat Robertson como parte de la Misión Panamericana de Colombia. Además del mensaje del Señor que predican, también se dedica a proporcionar noticias e información cultural.

En el año 2015, la emisora renovó su imagen y estilo, con el fin de infundirle un nuevo aire de modernidad a la señal que ha llegado por mucho tiempo la Palabra del Señor a los radios de la capital y de toda Colombia.

Programación
La mayoría de la programación es propia de las producciones de cada ministerio denominacional que varían entre 5 y 30 minutos. El único programa producido y presentado de forma ininterrumpida por los locutores por la emisora es Momentos de Gozo y Alabanza trasmitido diariamente de 21:00 a 21:55 h.

Anteriormente contaban con otra franja en las tardes de información y entretenimiento llamado Alternativa 3:30 (de 15:30 a 17:30 h de lunes a viernes), hoy sustituido por otros espacios.

Para los sábados, en el horario de la mañana (8:15 a 10:30h), está la Franja Infantil destinados para los niños producidos por ministerios internacionales. Los domingos por su parte, hay trasmisiones en vivo de los cultos que desde las iglesias de Bogotá (10:00 a 12:30h) seguido luego, de la franja institucional Edictos (avisos por radio de las notificaciones emitidas por las autoridades jurídicas colombianas).

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Web oficial Nuevo Continente
 Programación Nuevo Continente (en .pdf)
 Artículo: Jesús Adrián Romero: Elegido el mejor cantante cristiano en radio colombiana (en referencia a Nuevo Continente::2 de marzo de 2006)

 El Mundo en Perspectiva, Raúl Zaldivar (listado de emisoras)

Cristianismo en Colombia
Emisoras de radio de Colombia
Protestantismo
Emisoras de radio fundadas en 1968

Nuevo Continente


Tom Ellis (født 17 november 1978 i Cardiff, Wales) er en britisk skuespiller. Han spillede Dr. Oliver Cousins i BBC:s sæbeopera EastEnders, og spiller titelrollen som Lucifer Morningstar i Fox TV-serie Lucifer.

Eksterne henvisninger

Personer fra Cardiff
Skuespillere fra England

Tom Ellis (skuespiller)


Bellahøj Svømmestadion er en svømmehal beliggende på Bellahøj i København.

Historie
Svømmestadionet var et resultat af en arkitektkonkurrence udstedt af Kultur- og Fritidsforvaltningen, Københavns Kommune.

Svømmestadionet blev åbnet den 10. august 2009.

Faciliteter

Indendørs
• 50 m bassin, der var Hovedstadens første

• 25 m bassin/udspringsbassin, med hhv. 5, 3 og 1 m vippe

• Undervisnings-/legebassin på 5x12m - vanddybde 0,8 m

• Saunaer

Udendørs
• 2x25m bassiner med vanddybder på hhv. 0,7 og 0,9 m

• Vandlegeområde og vandrutschebane.

Referencer

Bygninger, konstruktioner og anlæg i Københavns Kommune

Bellahøj Svømmestadion


Giro dell'Emilia 2018 var den 101. udgave af cykelløbet Giro dell'Emilia. Løbet var en del af UCI Europe Tour-kalenderen og blev arrangeret 6. oktober 2018. Løbet blev vundet af italienske Alessandro De Marchi fra .

Hold og ryttere

Danske ryttere
Jakob Fuglsang kørte for
Niklas Eg kørte for

Resultater

Eksterne henvisninger

2018
UCI Europe Tour 2018

Giro dell'Emilia 2018


Arkadaş, yönetmenliğini, yapımcılığını, senaristliğini ve başrol oyunculuğunu Yılmaz Güney'in yaptığı 1974 yapımı Türk filmi.

Büyük bölümü Şanlıurfa'nın Siverek ilçesinde çekilmiştir. Selçuk Orhan'ın 100 Soruda Oğuz Atay adlı kitabında senaryonun bir bölümünü Oğuz Atay'ın kaleme aldığı belirtilmektedir.

Baş rol oyuncularından Melike Demirağ, filmde kullanılan Şanar Yurdatapan bestesi Arkadaş şarkısıyla büyük başarı kazanmıştır.

Konusu
Filmde öğrencilik yıllarından tanışan iki arkadaşın yıllar sonra karşılaşması anlatılıyor. Cemil (Kerim Afşar) zengin olmuş, bir kıyı kentinde bir kadınla evlenmiştir. Âzem (Yılmaz Güney) ise arkadaşının çarpık yaşantısını anlatmaya çalışır. Bu sırada Cemil'in eşinin kardeşi Melike (Melike Demirağ) Âzem'e âşık olur. Filmin sonunda Cemil gerçekle yüzleşmek zorunda kalır. Filmin sonunda Cemil'in kime ateş ettiği ise gösterilmemektedir.

Hikâyede Yılmaz Güney arkadaşıyla gönderme yaptığı konu yozlaşmış toplumsal yapıdır. Toplumsal yapıyı sadece eleştirmez, alternatifini de Âzem'in yaşam tarzı ile anlatır.

Ödüller

 1975 yılında Antalya Altın Portakal Film Festivali'nde Yılmaz Güney'in filmleri Endişe, Arkadaş ve Zavallılar "En İyi Film" dalında ilk 3 sırayı paylaştı
 1975 yılında Türk Sinematek Derneği'nin 11 sinema yazarıyla düzenlediği "Yılın En İyi Türk ve Yabancı Filmleri" anketinde "En İyi Türk Filmi" seçildi

Oyuncular
 Yılmaz Güney - Âzem
 Melike Demirağ - Melike
 Kerim Afşar - Cemil
 Ahu Tuğbay - Ahu
 Azra Balkan - Necibe
 Semra Özdamar
 Civan Canova - Halil
 Nizam Ergüden - Muhittin
 Yusuf Tunaoğlu
 Özden Yüce

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 SinemaTürk'te Arkadaş

Yılmaz Güney'in yönettiği filmler
Türk politik dram filmleri
1970'lerde politik dram filmleri
Altın Portakal Ödülü kazanan filmler
1974 çıkışlı Türk filmleri
Yılmaz Güney'in senaryosunu yazdığı filmler
Yılmaz Güney'in yapımcısı olduğu filmler
Attila Özdemiroğlu'nun müziğini yaptığı filmler
Güney Film filmleri
Çetin Tunca'nın görüntülediği filmler
1970'lerde Türkçe filmler
1974 çıkışlı dramatik filmler
Şanlıurfa'da çekilmiş filmler

Arkadaş (film)


Playa Kalki is a beach on the Caribbean island of Curaçao, also known as Alice in Wonderland due to mushroom-shaped coral formations. The name Kalki is unrelated to the Avatar Kalki, but comes from the local Papiamentu word for the white coral rock and limestone, which is abundant on the beach and surrounding cliffs.

Playa Kalki and its surroundings are known for their good scuba diving conditions. Several reefs on and around Playa Kalki offer good dive sites for beginners and professionals. There is a professional dive center located directly on the beach at Playa Kalki.

References

External links
Playa Kalki Shorediving.com

Beaches of Curaçao

Playa Kalki


.
Antiphytum, američki rod boražinovki smješten u tribus Echiochileae, dio potporodice Boraginoideae. Pripada mu 14 vrsta iz Sjeverne (Meksiko, Novi Meksiko, Texas) i Južne Amerike (južni Brazil, Urugvaj)

Vrste
 Antiphytum bornmuelleri Pilg.
 Antiphytum brevicalyx N.Mend., Flores Olv. & H.Ochot.
 Antiphytum caespitosum I.M.Johnst.
 Antiphytum ehrenbergii (Brand) Govaerts
 Antiphytum floribundum (Torr.) A.Gray
 Antiphytum geoffreyi N.Mend. & Flores Olv.
 Antiphytum heliotropioides A.DC.
 Antiphytum hintoniorum L.C.Higgins & B.L.Turner
 Antiphytum humilis (Brand) Govaerts
 Antiphytum nudicalces I.M.Johnst.
 Antiphytum paniculatum I.M.Johnst.
 Antiphytum parryi S.Watson
 Antiphytum peninsulare (Rose) I.M.Johnst.
 Antiphytum stoechadifolium (Cham.) A.DC.

Sinonimi
 Amblynotopsis J.F.Macbr.
 Chamissoniophila Brand

Izvori

Echiochiloideae

Antiphytum


They All Laughed es una película de 1981 dirigida por Peter Bogdanovich. Está basada en el guion escrito por Bogdanovich y Blaine Novak.

Elenco
 Audrey Hepburn ....  Angela Niotes
 Ben Gazzara ....  John Russo
 Patti Hansen ....  Sam (Deborah Wilson)
 John Ritter ....  Charles Rutledge
 Dorothy Stratten ....  Dolores Martin
 Blaine Novak ....  Arthur Brodsky
 Linda MacEwen ....  Amy Lester
 George Morfogen ....  Leon Leondopolous
 Colleen Camp ....  Christy Miller
 Sean H. Ferrer ....  Jose

Referencias

They All Laughed


السَّبْكُ أو الصَّبُّ  هي عملية تشكيل معدن عن طريق صهره، ثم صبه سائلاً في قالب به فجوات ذات شكل وأبعاد، فيكتسب المعدن المنتج «المسبوك» شكلها ومقاساتها عندما يتصلب. يمكن اعتبار المصبوب منتجًا نهائيًا أو اعتباره منتجًا نصف مصنع، حيث تجرى عليه عمليات التشطيب باستخدام آلات التشغيل بالقَطع التي تنظفه وتزيل الزوائد الموجودة به.

والسبك لغة هو سَبَك الذهبَ والفضة ونحوه من الذائب يسبُكهُ ويسبِكُه سَبْكاً: ذَوَبه وأفرغه في قالبٍ.

يستخدم السبك في تصنيع قطع ذات أشكال معقدة، يصعب معها اقتصاديًا تصنيعها بطرق أخرى. وتستخدم في السبك معادن سائلة، أو مواد متنوعة تتصلب بمزج مكوناتها مثل الخرسانة، والإيبوكسي، والجص. عُرفت عملية السبك منذ 6000 عام. تعود أقدم مصبوبة وجدت إلى عام 3200 قبل الميلاد.

تقسم عملية السبك إلى فرعين مميزين:
 السبك في القوالب المستهلكة.
 السبك في القوالب الدائمة.

السبك في القوالب المستهلكة
يشمل هذا التصنيف قوالب الرمل، والقشر، والبلاستيك، والجص، والسبك الدقيق (طريقة الشمع الضائع). هذه الطريقة في السبك تشمل القوالب المؤقتة وغير المجهزة للاستخدام ثانية.
 السبك في القوالب الرملية: يعد الرمل أحد أهم وأبسط طرق السبك التي استخدمت على مر العصور. تسمح القوالب الرملية بالحصول على مصبوبات (في الدفعات الصغيرة) تقارن بتلك المصنوعة في القوالب الدائمة وبكلفة معقولة. وليست الكلفة هي العامل الإيجابي الوحيد لهذه الطريقة، بل الحجم الصغير أيضًا للورشة. يسمح الرمل أيضًا لمعظم المعادن أن تسبك وذلك باختيار نوع الرمل المستخدم. تحتاج عملية السبك في القوالب الرملية لعدة أيام كفترة إنتاجية للحصول على معدل إنتاج عال (1-20 قطعة/دقيقة لكل قالب)، وهي طريقة فعالة لإنتاج القطع الكبيرة. يتماسك الرمل ببعضه البعض بفضل الغضار (في الرمل الأخضر)، أو باستخدام مواد رابطة، أو زيت المحركات. يمكن استخدام الرمل لعدة مرات، وتضاف بعض المواد (تجديد المواد الرابطة).

السبك في القوالب الدائمة
تستخدم هذه الطريقة خصوصًا للمعادن غير الحديدية، تتطلب زمنًا للتجهيز يمتد لعدة أسابيع لتجهيز القالب الفولاذي. تصل بعدها الإنتاجية إلى (5-50 قطعة/ساعة لكل قالب)، يصل وزن المصبوبات الأعظمي إلى 9 كغ والأصغري بحوالي 0,1 كغ. تطلي فراغات القالب الفولاذي بسخام الأسيتلين قبل عملية السبك وذلك لتسهيل نزع المسبوك من القالب، وإطالة عمر القالب. إن للقوالب الدائمة فترة حياة محدودة قبل الاهتراء. تتطلب القوالب المهترئة إعادة تشطيب أو استبدال. تبدي الأجزاء المسبوكة في القوالب الدائمة عادة زيادة 20% في مقاومة الشد، و30% في الاستطالة، مقارنة بمسبوكات القالب الرملي. تحتاج هذه القوالب فقط إلى طلاء منتظم. تستخدم هذه الطريقة من السبك في تشكيل سبائك الحديد، والألمنيوم، والمغنسيوم، والنحاس.

المراجع

تاريخ علم الفلزات
صناعة المعادن
صنع المجوهرات
هندسة الإنتاج

سبك


برنامج زوند  ومعناه «المسبار»،  هو اسم أطلقه الاتحاد السوفيتي على سلسلتين من برامجه الفضائية الخاصة بالمراكب الفضائية الآلية بين أعوام 1964م و 1970م، وقد كان هدف هذا البرنامج هو معرفة بعض المعلومات الخاصة بكواكب القمر، والزهرة، والمريخ، وكذلك من أجل اختبار بعض الآليات. كان البرنامج مكوَّن من مرحلتين وقد ضمت المرحلة الثانية نسخة من مركبات الفضاء: سويوز.

مراجع

البرنامج السوفيتي لاستكشاف القمر
العلوم والتقنية في الاتحاد السوفيتي
زوند
مهام إلى القمر

برنامج زوند


An Cyclopogon comosus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Burns-bal. och Edward Warren Greenwood. An Cyclopogon comosus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Cyclopogon, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Cyclopogon

Cyclopogon comosus


An Eriocaulon stenophyllum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Robert Elias Fries. An Eriocaulon stenophyllum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eriocaulon, ngan familia nga Eriocaulaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eriocaulon

Eriocaulon stenophyllum


Prešernova nagrada najveće je priznanja koje Republika Slovenija dodjeljuje na području umjetnosti, a u prošlosti također i na području znanosti. Nagrada je dobila ime po slovenskom pjesniku Francu Prešernu. Nagradu dodjeljuje "Prešernova zaklada" za umjetnička postignuća i radove stare najmanje dvije godine. Nagrada se dodjeljuje pojedinačnim umjetnicima, ali i skupinama autora. Nagrade se može dobiti samo jednom u životu i dodjeljuje se na slovenski kulturni praznik – Prešernov dan.

Povijest
Prešernova nagrada dodjeljuje se od 1947. prema odredbi koja je usvojena godinu dana ranije. Prva nagrada dodijeljena je 8. veljače 1947. na Prešernov dan, tj. na dan smrti Franca Prešerna. Prvi zakon o nagradi donesen je 1955. Po njemu je Nagrada dobila današnje ime i osnovana je Prešernova zaklada. Od 1961. nagrade se dodjeljuju za životno djelo. Tada se također uvodi i nagrada Prešernove zaklade, a ta se dodjeljuje isključivo za zasluge na području umjetnosti. Godine 1982. Zaklada dolazi u nadležnost Kulturne zajednice Slovenije. Po Zakonu o Prešernovoj nagradi iz 1991. Zaklada djeluje pod nadzorom slovenskog administrativnog tijela zaduženog za kulturu. Po tom zakonu je određeno da najviše mogu biti dodijeljene dvije nagrade.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Republika Slovenija: Prešernove nagrade, službene mrežne stranice
 Republika Slovenija: Prešernovi nagrajenci in nagrajenke

Umjetničke nagrade
Slovenska kultura

Prešernova nagrada


මලාවි සමුහාණ්ඩුව ගිණිකොණ අප්‍රිකාවේ පිහිටි රටකි. එහි මායිම් වන්නේ වයඹින් සැම්බියාව, ඊසානෙන් ටැන්සානියා, නැගෙනහිර, බටහිර හා දකුණින් මොසැම්බික්ය. මලාවි විලෙන් රට ටැන්සානියාවෙන් හා මොසැම්බික් රාජ්‍යයෙන් වෙන්ව ඇත. ජනගහනය 13,900,000 වන අතර වර්ග කි.මී. 118,000 (වර්ග සැතපුම් 45,560) වන අතර අගනුවර වන්නේ ලිලොන්ග්වේ හා විශාලතම නගරය බ්ලන්ටයර්ය. 10 වන ශතවර්ෂයේ මලාවි ජනාවාස වු අතර, 1891 වන තෙක් ස්වදේශී පාලනය යටතේ පැවැති අතර, බ්‍රිතාන්‍යයින් ජනාවාස කරගත් පසු එය 1964 වන තෙක් ඔවුන්ගේ යටතේ විය. නිදහ‍සෙන් පසුව එය තනි පක්ෂ රාජ්‍යයන් වු අතර, 1994 වන තෙක් ජනාධිපති හස්ටින්ග්ස් බන්ඩා යටතේ විය. 2004 වර්ෂයේ ජනාධිපති වු බින්ගු මුතාරිනා  එහි වර්තමාන ජනාධිපතිවරයාය. එහි ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී බහු පක්ෂ රාජ්‍යයන් තිබේ. මලාවියෙහි කුඩා හමුදාවන් තිබෙන අතර, එයට යුද, නාවික හා ගුවන් හමුදා අයත් වේ. එහි ඇති විදේශ ප්‍රතිපත්තිය බටහිරකරණය වූ ධනාත්මක රාජ්‍යතාන්ත්‍රියක් වන අතර එය නොයෙක් රටවල් හා විදේශ සංවිධාන අතර සබඳකම් පවත්වයි. මලාවි ලොව සුළු වශයෙන් සංවර්ධනය වු රටවල් අතර සිටින අතර ජනගහනය වැඩිම රටකි. කෘෂිකර්මය මත ආර්ථිකය තිබෙන අතර, ඔවුන්ට සංවර්ධන කටයුතුවලට බාහිර ආධාර බෙහෙවින් බලපායි. නමුත් 2000 වන විට මෙය තරමක් දුරට අඩු විය. මලාවි රාජ්‍ය මුහුණ දී තිබෙන අභියෝග නම් ආර්ථික වර්ධනය, අධ්‍යාපනය, සෞඛ්‍යය හා පරිසර රැකවරණය හා ආර්ථිකව ස්වාධීනත්වය ලඟා කර ගැනීමයි. මලාවි 2005 සිට මේ සම්බන්ධව වැඩපිළිවෙළක් දියත් කර ඇත. 2007 – 2008 වර්ෂවල දියුණුවක් පෙන්වා ඇත. එහි ජිවිතාපේක්ෂා කාලය අඩු අතර, ඉහළ ළදරු මරණ අනුපාතයක් ඇත. එහි AIDS බහුලව ව්‍යාප්ත වන අතර, එය කම්කරු බලකාය, ස්ව‍දේශී ජනතාව, ආසියානු හා යුරෝපියන් හා විවිධ භාෂාවන් කථා කරන හා විවිධ ආගම් අදහන ජාතීන් සිටියි. මලාවිහි පෙර ජනවාර්ගික ගැටුම් තිබු අතර, 2008 වන විට රට සංවර්ධනය කරා යමින් සිටි. මලාවි තුල ස්ව‍දේශී සහ යටත්විජිත වැසියන්ගෙන් සමන්විත සංස්කෘතියක් ඇත. එයට ක්‍රීඩා, සෞන්දර්ය හා සංගීතය ඇතුලත් වේ.

සමුහාණ්ඩු

මලාවි සමුහාණ්ඩුව


Bestežinsko stanje je stanje fizikalnog tijela na koje prividno ne djeluje sila teže (gravitacija). U takvu se stanju nalaze astronauti i svi predmeti u svemirskoj letjelici za vrijeme leta oko Zemlje takozvanom prvom kozmičkom brzinom ili 7,91 km/s. Zbog djelovanja centrifugalne sile poništava se djelovanje Zemljine gravitacije, pa u svemirskoj letjelici tijela i predmeti nemaju težinu, već lebde u prostoru bez obzira na svoju masu (na primjer zrnce prašine, kap vode, čovjek). Posljedica je takvih mehaničkih učinaka da, na primjer, tekućine ne istječu iz svojih spremnika (rezervoara), što uzrokuje znatne teškoće u vezi sa smještanjem raketnoga goriva i napajanjem raketnih sustava za ispravak (korekturu) staze (putanje). Dosadašnji višemjesečni letovi astronauta pokazali su da bestežinsko stanje u pogledu fizioloških i bioloških učinaka nije nepremostiva teškoća i da se sustavnim treningom živi organizmi mogu osposobiti da i duže vrijeme izdrže to fiziološki neprirodno stanje. Dosad je najduže u bestežinskom stanju neprekidno boravio ruski astronaut i liječnik Valerij Poljakov, koji je u orbitalnoj postaji Mir ostvario misiju u trajanju 437 dana, 17 sati i 58 minuta (od 8. siječnja 1994. do 20. ožujka 1995). Tijekom dvaju letova Poljakov je proveo u svemiru ukupno 678 dana, 16 sati i 58 minuta.

Kruženje satelita

Isaac Newton je shvatio da je kružno gibanje sastavljeno od dviju komponenti, od gibanja stalnom brzinom po pravcu i od jednoliko ubrzanog gibanja sa smjerom prema središtu kruženja. Kad ne bi bilo privlačenja, tijelo bi jednolikom brzinom vk odmicalo po pravcu i za vrijeme t prešlo put vk∙t. No istodobno, zbog gravitacijskog privlačenja, tijelo pada prema centru i u tom padu, u vrijeme t, prevali put gt2/2. Ako tijelo ipak ostaje na kružnici, mora biti da ono u vrijeme t za toliko odmakne od kružnice za koliko ujedno i padne na kružnicu! Taj proces prisutan je na svakom mjestu kružnice, na svakom ma kako malom odsječku puta. Ako bi brzina gibanja v bila manja od brzine kruženja vk, to tijelo bi zbog slobodnog pada prišlo centru Zemlje više nego što bi se u jednolikom gibanju po pravcu od nje odmaknulo, pa bi tako prelazilo s kružnice većeg polumjera na kružnicu manjeg polumjera, te bi u spirali napokon palo na Zemlju.

Prisilimo li neko tijelo da se na vrtuljku giba brzinom v, tada ono u smjeru prema centru ima ubrzanje g (centripetalno ubrzanje). Između brzine gibanja v po kružnoj stazi polumjera r i centripetalne akceleracije g postoji veza:

Giba li se tijelo po kružnici i pojačamo li centripetalnu silu, porast će i ubrzanje i brzina. No ako je sila privlačenja gravitacijska, a u centru gibanja nalazi se masa M, tada je centripetalna akceleracija posve određena i jednaka izrazu:

Tim uvjetom se za dani polumjer staze od svih mogućih centripetalnih ubrzanja odabire samo jedno ubrzanje (akceleracija), a njoj odgovara samo jedna, posve određena brzina. Izjednačavanjem gornjih dvaju izraza, dobivamo:

Za Zemlju (M = 6 ∙1024 kg) brzina kruženja ili orbitalna brzina na samoj površini (r = 6 378 km) iznosila bi 7 910 m/s ili 7,91 km/s. Ta se brzina naziva i prvom kozmičkom brzinom. Na svakoj drugoj razini iznad površine Zemlje brzina kruženja ima drugu vrijednost.

Izvori

 Nebeska mehanika

Bestežinsko stanje