Elaine Iva May (née Berlin; born April 21, 1932) is an American comedian, filmmaker, playwright, and actress. She first gained fame in the 1950s for her improvisational comedy routines with Mike Nichols, before transitioning her career regularly breaking the mold as a writer and director of several critically acclaimed films. She has received numerous awards, including a BAFTA Award, a Grammy Award, and a Tony Award. She was honored with the National Medal of Arts from President Barack Obama in 2013, and an Honorary Academy Award in 2022.

In 1955, May moved to Chicago and became a founding member of the Compass Players, an improvisational theater group. She began working alongside Nichols and in 1957, they both quit the group to form their own stage act, Nichols and May. In New York, they performed nightly in clubs in Greenwich Village alongside Joan Rivers and Woody Allen, as well as on the Broadway stage. They also made regular appearances on television and radio broadcasts. They released multiple comedy albums and received four Grammy Award nominations, winning Best Comedy Album for An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May in 1962. Their collaboration was covered in the PBS documentary Nichols and May: Take Two (1996).

May infrequently acted in films, including Luv, Enter Laughing (both 1967), California Suite (1978), and Small Time Crooks (2000). She became the first female director with a Hollywood deal since Ida Lupino when she directed the 1971 black screwball comedy A New Leaf.  Experimenting with genres, she directed the dark romantic comedy The Heartbreak Kid (1972), the gangster film Mikey and Nicky (1976), and adventure comedy Ishtar (1987). May later earned acclaim writing the screenplays for Warren Beatty's Heaven Can Wait (1978), and Mike Nichols' The Birdcage (1996) and Primary Colors (1998), with the latter earning her an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay nomination.

She returned to the acting in Woody Allen's Amazon Prime series Crisis in Six Scenes (2016) and on Broadway in the revival of the Kenneth Lonergan play The Waverly Gallery (2018) the later of which earned her the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. The win made May the second-oldest performer behind Lois Smith to win a Tony Award for acting. In 2022, the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences gave May an Honorary Academy Award for her "bold, uncompromising approach to filmmaking, as a writer, director, and actress".

Early years and personal life
Elaine Iva Berlin was born on April 21, 1932, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Jewish parents, theater director and actor Jack Berlin and actress Ida (Aaron) Berlin. As a child, May performed with her father in his traveling Yiddish theater company, which he took around the country. Her stage debut on the road was at the age of three, and she eventually played the character of a generic little boy named Benny.

Because the troupe toured extensively, May had been in over 50 schools by the time she was ten, having spent as little as a few weeks enrolled at any one time. May said she hated school and would spend her free time at home reading fairy tales and mythology. Her father died when she was 11 years old, and then she and her mother moved to Los Angeles, where May later enrolled in Hollywood High School. She dropped out when she was fourteen years old. Two years later, at the age of sixteen, she married Marvin May, an engineer and toy inventor. They had one child, Jeannie Berlin (born 1949), who became an actress and screenwriter. The couple divorced in 1960, and she married lyricist Sheldon Harnick in 1962; they divorced a year later. In 1964, May married her psychoanalyst, David L. Rubinfine; they remained married until his death in 1982.

May's longtime companion was director Stanley Donen, from 1999 until his death in 2019. Donen said he proposed marriage "about 172 times".

Career

1950–1957: Stage career and Compass players
After her marriage to Marvin May, she studied acting. She also held odd jobs during that period, such as a roof salesman, and tried to enroll in college. She learned, however, that colleges in California required a high school diploma to apply, which she did not have. After finding out that the University of Chicago was one of the few colleges that would accept students without diplomas, she set out with seven dollars and hitchhiked to Chicago.

Soon after moving to Chicago in 1950, May began informally taking classes at the university by auditing, sitting in without enrolling. She nevertheless sometimes engaged in discussions with instructors and once started a huge fight after saying that Socrates' apology was a political move. Mike Nichols, who was then an actor in the school's theatrical group, remembers her coming to his philosophy class, making "outrageous" comments, and leaving. They learned about each other from friends, eventually being introduced after one of his stage shows. The director, Paul Sills, brought May to Nichols and said, "Mike, I want you to meet the only other person on the campus of the University of Chicago who's as hostile as you are: Elaine May." Six weeks later, they bumped into each other at a train station in Chicago and soon began spending time together over the following weeks as "dead-broke theatre junkies."

In 1955, May joined a new, off-campus improvisational theater group in Chicago, The Compass Players, becoming one of its charter members. The group was founded by Sills and David Shepherd. Nichols later joined the group, wherein he resumed his friendship with May. At first he was unable to improvise well on stage, but with inspiration from May, they began developing improvised comedy sketches together. Nichols remembered this period:

Actress Geraldine Page recalled they worked together with great efficiency, "like a juggernaut." Thanks in part to Nichols and May, the Compass Players became an enormously popular satirical comedy troupe. They helped the group devise new stage techniques to adapt the freedom they had during the workshop.

May became prominent as a member of the Compass's acting group, a quality others in the group observed. Bobbi Gordon, an actor, remembers that she was often the center of attention: "The first time I met her was at Compass... Elaine was this grande dame of letters. With people sitting around her feet, staring up at her, open-mouthed in awe, waiting for 'The Word'." A similar impression struck Compass actor Bob Smith:

As an integral member of their group, May was open to giving novices a chance, including the hiring of a black actor and generally making the group "more democratic". And by observing her high level of performance creativity, everyone's work was improved. "She was the strongest woman I ever met," adds Compass actor Nancy Ponder.

In giving all her attention to acting, however, she neglected her home life. Fellow actress Barbara Harris recalled that May lived in a cellar with only one piece of furniture, a ping-pong table. "She wore basic beatnik black and, like her film characters, was a brilliant disheveled klutz."

Group actor Omar Shapli was "struck by her piercing, dark-eyed, sultry stare. It was really unnerving", he says. Nichols remembers that "everybody wanted Elaine, and the people who got her couldn't keep her." Theater critic John Lahr agrees, noting that "her juicy good looks were a particularly disconcerting contrast to her sharp tongue."

May's sense of humor, including what she found funny about everyday life, was different from others' in the group. Novelist Herbert Gold, who dated May, says that "she treated everything funny that men take seriously... She was never serious. Her life was a narrative." Another ex-boyfriend, James Sacks, says that "Elaine had a genuine beautiful madness." Nevertheless, states Gold, "she was very cute, a lot like Debra Winger, just a pretty Jewish girl."

May was considered highly intelligent. "She's about fifty percent more brilliant than she needs to be," says actor Eugene Troobnick. Those outside their theater group sometimes noticed that same quality. British actor Richard Burton, who was married to Elizabeth Taylor at the time, agreed with that impression after he first met May while he was starring in Camelot on Broadway.

1957–1961: Nichols and May comedy team

Nichols was personally asked to leave the Compass Players in 1957 because he and May became too good, which threw the company off balance, noted club manager Jay Landsman. Nichols was told he had too much talent. Nichols then left the group in 1957, with May quitting with him. They next formed their own stand-up comedy team, Nichols and May. After contacting some agents in New York, they were asked to audition for Jack Rollins, who would later become Woody Allen's manager and executive producer. Rollins said he was stunned by how good their act was:

By 1960, they made their Broadway debut with An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May, which later won a Grammy. After performing their act a number of years in New York's various clubs, and then on Broadway, with most of the shows sold out, Nichols could not believe their success:

His feelings were shared by May, who was also taken aback by their success, especially having some real income after living in near-poverty. She told a Newsweek interviewer, "When we came to New York, we were practically barefoot. And I still can't get used to walking in high heels."

The uniqueness of their act made them an immediate success in New York. Their style became the "next big thing" in live comedy. Charles H. Joffe, their producer, remembers that sometimes the line to their show went around the block. That partly explains why Milton Berle, a major television comedy star, tried three times without success to see their act. Critic Lawrence Christon recalls his first impression after seeing their act: "You just knew it was a defining moment. They caught the urban tempo, like Woody Allen did." They performed nightly at mostly sold-out shows, in addition to making TV program and commercial appearances and radio broadcasts. Their relatively brief time together as comedy stars led New York talk show host Dick Cavett to call their act "one of the comic meteors in the sky". Woody Allen said, "the two of them came along and elevated comedy to a brand-new level".

Technique

Among the qualities of their act, which according to one writer made them a rarity, was that they used both "snob and mob appeal", which gave them a wide audience. Nachman explains that they presented a new kind of comedy team, unlike previous comedy duos which had an intelligent member alongside a much less intelligent one, as with Laurel and Hardy, Fibber McGee and Molly, Burns and Allen, Abbott and Costello, and Martin and Lewis.

What differentiated their style was the fact that their stage performance created "scenes," a method very unlike the styles of other acting teams. Nor did they rely on fixed gender or comic roles, but instead adapted their own character to fit a sketch idea they came up with. They chose real-life subjects, often from their own life, which were made into satirical and funny vignettes.

This was accomplished by using subtle joke references which they correctly expected their audiences to recognize, whether through clichés or character types. They thereby indirectly poked fun at the new intellectual culture which they saw growing around them. They felt that young Americans were taking themselves too seriously, which became the subject of much of their satire.

Nichols structured the material for their skits, and May came up with most of their ideas. Improvisation became a fairly simple art for them, as they portrayed the urban couple's "Age of Anxiety" in their sketches, and did so on their feet. According to May, it was simple: "It's nothing more than quickly creating a situation between two people and throwing up some kind of problem for one of them."

Nichols noted that after coming up with a sketch idea, they would perform it soon after with little extra rehearsal or writing it down. One example he remembered was inspired simply from a phone call from his mother. I called Elaine and I said, "I've got a really good piece for us tonight." They created a six-minute-long, mostly improvised, "mother and son" sketch, which they performed later that night.

May helped remove the stereotype of women's roles on stage. Producer David Shepherd notes that she accomplished that partly by not choosing traditional 1950s female roles for her characters, which were often housewives or women working at menial jobs. Instead, she often played the character of a sophisticated woman, such as a doctor, a psychiatrist, or an employer. Shepherd notes that "Elaine broke through the psychological restrictions of playing comedy as a woman."

May and Nichols had different attitudes toward their improvisations, however. Where Nichols always needed to know where a sketch was going and what its ultimate point would be, May preferred exploring ideas as the scene progressed. May says that even when they repeated their improvisations, it was not rote but came from re-creating her original impulse. Such improvisational techniques allowed her to make slight changes during a performance. Although May had a wider improvisational range than Nichols, he was generally the one to shape the pieces and steer them to their end. For their recordings, he also made the decision of what to delete.

Team break-up

Audiences were still discovering May and Nichols in 1961, four years after they arrived. However, at the height of their fame, they decided to discontinue their act that year and took their careers in different directions: Nichols became a leading Broadway stage and film director; May became primarily a screenwriter and playwright, with some acting and directing. Among the reasons they decided to call it quits was that keeping their act fresh was becoming more difficult. Nichols explained:

Nichols said that for him personally the breakup was "cataclysmic", and he went into a state of depression: "I didn't know what I was or who I was." It was not until 1996, thirty-five years later, that they would work together again as a team, when she wrote the screenplay and he directed The Birdcage. It "was like coming home, like getting a piece of yourself back that you thought you'd lost," he said. He adds that May had been very important to him from the moment he first saw her, adding that for her "improv was innate," and few people have that gift.

Director Arthur Penn said of their sudden breakup, "They set the standard and then they had to move on." To New York talk show host Dick Cavett, "They were one of the comic meteors in the sky."

They reunited for a Madison Square Garden benefit for George McGovern for President in June, 1972. The event, titled "Together Again for McGovern," also featured two musical groups that had recently broken up, Simon and Garfunkel and Peter, Paul and Mary, as well as singer Dionne Warwick.

1962–1969: Playwright and actor
May has also acted in comedy films, including Enter Laughing (1967), directed by Carl Reiner, and Luv (1967), costarring Peter Falk and Jack Lemmon. The latter film was not well received by critics, although Lemmon said he enjoyed working alongside May: "She's the finest actress I've ever worked with," he said. "And I've never expressed an opinion about a leading lady before... I think Elaine is touched with genius. She approaches a scene like a director and a writer." Film scholar Gwendolyn Audrey Foster notes that May is drawn to material that borders on dry Yiddish humor. As such, it has not always been well received at the box office. Her style of humor, in writing or acting, often has more to do with traditional Yiddish theater than traditional Hollywood cinema.

Following the break-up, May wrote several plays. Her greatest success was the one-act Adaptation (1969). Other stage plays she has written include Not Enough Rope, Mr Gogol and Mr Preen, Hotline (which was performed off-Broadway in 1995 as part of the anthology play Death Defying Acts), After the Night and the Music, Power Plays, Taller Than A Dwarf, The Way of All Fish, and Adult Entertainment. In 1969, she directed the off-Broadway production of Adaptation/Next.

1970–1999: Career as a writer and director
May made her film writing and directing debut in 1971 with A New Leaf, a black comedy based on Jack Ritchie's short story The Green Heart, which she read in an Alfred Hitchcock Mystery Magazine. (Ritchie would later retitle the story A New Leaf.) The unconventional 'romance' starred Walter Matthau as a Manhattan bachelor faced with bankruptcy and May herself as the wealthy but nerdy botanist he cynically romances and marries in order to salvage his extravagant lifestyle. Director May originally submitted a 180-minute work to Paramount, but the studio cut it back by nearly 80 minutes for release. May starred in A New Leaf (1971), which she also wrote and directed. The dark comedy also co-starred Walter Matthau. Vincent Canby called it "a beautifully and gently cockeyed movie that recalls at least two different traditions of American film comedy... The entire project is touched by a fine and knowing madness." May received a Golden Globe nomination for her portrayal of botanist Henrietta Lowell.

May quickly followed her debut film with 1972's The Heartbreak Kid. She limited her role to directing, using a screenplay by Neil Simon, based on a story by Bruce Jay Friedman. The film starred Charles Grodin, Cybill Shepherd, Eddie Albert, and May's own daughter, Jeannie Berlin. It was a major critical success, and holds a 90% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. In 2000, it was listed at No. 91 on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs list. May followed the two comedies by writing and directing the gangster film Mikey and Nicky, starring Peter Falk and John Cassavetes. Budgeted at $1.8 million and scheduled for a summer 1975 release, the film cost $4.3 million and was not released until December 1976.  May ended up in a legal battle with Paramount Pictures over post-production costs, at one point hiding reels of the film in her husband's friend's Connecticut garage and later suing the company for $8 million for breach of contract. May worked with Julian Schlossberg to get the rights to the film and released a director's cut in 1980. In 2019, May worked with The Criterion Collection to create the newest director's cut. The film has gained appreciation by many critics and audiences in recent years.

In Herbert Ross's California Suite (1978), written by Neil Simon, she was reunited with A New Leaf co-star Walter Matthau, playing his wife Millie. In addition to writing three of the films she directed, May received an Oscar nomination for updating the 1941 film Here Comes Mr. Jordan as Heaven Can Wait (1978). May reunited with Nichols for a stage production of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? in New Haven in 1980. She contributed (uncredited) to the screenplay for the 1982 megahit Tootsie, notably the scenes involving the character played by Bill Murray.

Warren Beatty worked with May on the comedy Ishtar (1987), starring Beatty and Dustin Hoffman. Largely shot on location in Morocco, the production was beset by creative differences among the principals and had cost overruns. Long before the picture was ready for release, the troubled production had become the subject of numerous press stories, including a long cover article in New York magazine. Some of the opposition to the film came from David Puttnam, the studio head, making Ishtar a prime example of studio suicide. The advance publicity was largely negative and, despite some positive reviews from the Los Angeles Times and The Washington Post, the film was a box office disaster. The film Ishtar has been positively re-evaluated in the 21st century by multiple publications including the Los Angeles Times, Slate, Indiewire, and The Dissolve. Richard Brody of The New Yorker called Ishtar a "wrongly maligned masterwork" and raved, "There's a level of invention, a depth of reflection, and a tangle of emotions in Ishtar which are reached by few films and few filmmakers."

May acted in the film In the Spirit (1990), in which she played a "shopaholic stripped of consumer power"; Robert Pardi has described her portrayal as a "study of fraying equanimity [that] is a classic comic tour de force." She also contributed to the screenplay for the drama Dangerous Minds (1995).  May reunited with her former comic partner, Mike Nichols, for the 1996 film The Birdcage, an American adaptation of the classic French farce La Cage aux Folles. Their film relocated the story from France to South Beach, Miami. It was a major box office hit.  May received her second Oscar nomination for Best Screenplay when she again worked with Nichols on the 1998 film Primary Colors.

2000–present: Return to acting and Broadway
She appeared in Woody Allen's Small Time Crooks (2000) where she played the character May Sloane, which Allen named after May when he wrote it, and with May being his first choice for the part. For her acting, she won the National Society of Film Critics award for Best Supporting Actress. Allen spoke of her as a genius, and of his ease of working with her: "She shows up on time, she knows her lines, she can ad-lib creatively, and is willing to. If you don't want her to, she won't. She's a dream. She puts herself in your hands. She's a genius, and I don't use that word casually." Nearly 15 years later, Allen ended up casting her to play his wife, Kay Munsinger, in his Amazon limited series, Crisis in Six Scenes, which was released in 2016.

In 2002, Stanley Donen directed her musical play Adult Entertainment with Jeannie Berlin and Danny Aiello at Variety Arts Theater in Manhattan. May wrote the one-act play George is Dead, which starred Marlo Thomas and was performed on Broadway from late 2011 into 2012 as part of the anthology play Relatively Speaking along with two other plays by Woody Allen and Joel Coen, directed by John Turturro. Charles Isherwood of The New York Times praised May's entry describing it as "a delicious study in the bliss of narcissism". David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter concurred describing George is Dead as the "Strongest entry".

In December 2013, Stanley Donen was reported to be in pre-production for a new film, co-written with May, to be produced by Nichols. A table reading of the script for potential investors included such actors as Christopher Walken, Charles Grodin, Ron Rifkin, and Jeannie Berlin. Nichols died in 2014, however, and Donen died in 2019. May did not direct another film for 29 years, when she directed the TV documentary Mike Nichols: American Masters in 2016. That same year, she returned to acting, her first role since 2000, starring alongside her friend Woody Allen in his series Crisis in Six Scenes on Amazon Prime, Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter praised their chemistry together writing, "The best episodes are the last two, when Crisis in Six Scenes becomes a full-blown farce and we get to see Allen and May playing accidental aging radicals, shuffling around Brooklyn".

In 2018, aged 86, May returned to Broadway after 60 years in a Lila Neugebauer-directed revival of Kenneth Lonergan's play The Waverly Gallery opposite Lucas Hedges, Joan Allen, and Michael Cera. The play ran at the John Golden Theatre, the same theatre where Nichols and May had started out almost 60 years earlier. May received rapturous reviews for her performance as the gregarious, dementia-ridden elderly gallery owner Gladys Green, with many critics remarking that she was giving one of the most extraordinary performances they had ever seen onstage. The show received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play, while May herself won for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her performance. She became the second oldest performer to win a Tony Award for acting.

In 2019, it was announced that May is set to direct her first narrative feature in over 30 years. Little is known about the project other than its title, Crackpot, and that it is set to star Dakota Johnson, who announced the project at the 2019 Governors Awards. In 2021 she portrayed Ruth Bader Ginsburg in the Paramount+ series The Good Fight.

Filmography

Film

Television

Theatre

Discography
Improvisations to Music (1958) Mercury
An Evening with Mike Nichols and Elaine May (1960) Mercury
Mike Nichols & Elaine May Examine Doctors (1961) Mercury MG 20680/SR 60680
In Retrospect (1962) Polygram, compilation, re-released as compact disc in 1996

Influence and legacy
Nichols and May created a new "Age of Irony" for comedy, which showed actors arguing contemporary banalities as a key part of their routine. That style of comedy was picked up and further developed by later comics such as Steve Martin, Bill Murray, and David Letterman. According to Martin, Nichols and May were among the first to satirize relationships. The word "relationship," notes Martin, was first used in the early sixties: "It was the first time I ever heard it satirized." He recalls that soon after discovering their recorded acts, he went to sleep each night listening to them. "They influenced us all and changed the face of comedy."

In Vanity Fair, Woody Allen declared, "Individually, each one is a genius, and when they worked together, the sum was even greater than the combination of the parts—the two of them came along and elevated comedy to a brand-new level."

Lily Tomlin was also affected by their routines and considers May to be her inspiration as a comedian: "There was nothing like Elaine May, with her voice, her timing, and her attitude," says Tomlin. "The nuances of the characterizations and the cultured types that they were doing completely appealed to me. They were the first people I saw doing smart, hip character pieces. My brother and I used to keep their 'Improvisations to Music' on the turntable twenty-four hours a day."

In an interview with Pitchfork Magazine, standup comedian John Mulaney described Mike Nichols & Elaine May Examine Doctors (1961) as one of his favorite comedy albums of all time. Mulaney stated, "I got this album for Christmas when I was in junior high. The last track, 'Nichols and May at Work,' is an outtake from recording the album, they were just improvising dialog in a studio. They're trying to do a piece where a son goes to his mother and says that he wants to become a registered nurse. It's something you just have to experience, because two people that funny laughing that hard is really, really, really funny. I think it might be the happiest thing ever recorded."

Filmmaker and film historian Peter Bogdanovich covered Elaine's filmography in his book Movie of the Week (1999). Bogdanovich praised all of her films and concluded with "Long live Elaine! Would that she could act and direct again in pictures. In 1998 I saw her perform off-Broadway in a couple of one-act plays she wrote (Power Plays), and her performances matched the comic genius of the writing." Other admirers of May's work include comedian Patton Oswalt, and directors Ben and Josh Safdie who both detailed their admiration for her and her work, in particular her film Mikey and Nicky (1976) through The Criterion Channel.

May's work as a director has been given a closer look in recent years with David Hudson, a writer for The Criterion Collection declaring her as a "criminally underappreciated moviemaker". In 2017 the Philadelphia Film Critics Circle created an award in her name given "to a deserving person or film that brings awareness to women's issues".

May's life and career will be profiled in the biography Miss May Does Not Exist: The Life and Work of Elaine May, Hollywood's Hidden Genius written by Carrie Courogen, which is set to be released in June 2024 published by Macmillan Publishers.

Awards and honors

For her acting, her accolades include a nomination for a Golden Globe award for Best Actress in a musical or comedy for A New Leaf (1971), and winning the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in Small Time Crooks (2000).

May was awarded the National Medal of Arts for her lifetime contributions to American comedy by President Barack Obama, in a ceremony in the White House on July 10, 2013. She was awarded for her "groundbreaking wit and a keen understanding of how humor can illuminate our lives, Ms. May has evoked untold joy, challenged expectations, and elevated spirits across our Nation."

In January 2016, the Writers Guild of America-West announced that May would receive its 2016 Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement at the Writers Guild of America Award ceremony in Los Angeles on February 13.

On June 9, 2019, May won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her performance as Gladys in the Broadway revival of Kenneth Lonergan's The Waverly Gallery. She also received a Drama League Award nomination and won a Drama Desk Award and an Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Actress in a Play. That same year, May's film A New Leaf was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

In 2021, she was chosen to receive the Honorary Academy Award by the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences, receiving the award for her "bold, uncompromising approach to filmmaking, as a writer, director and actress". She was honored at the annual Governors Awards alongside Samuel L. Jackson, Liv Ullman, and Danny Glover on March 25, 2022. Bill Murray presented her with the award crediting her with "saving his life on multiple occasions professionally".

References

Further reading

Stephens, Chuck. "Chronicle of a Disappearance: Unjustly Omitted from Most Histories of Seventies American Filmmaking, Actor-writer-director Elaine May--and the Four Unforgettable Films She Somehow Got Away With--refuse to Fade Away." Film Comment 42.2 (2006): 46. Web.

External links

Elaine May - Provided to YouTube by Universal Music Group North America

1932 births
Living people
20th-century American actresses
20th-century American comedians
20th-century American Jews
20th-century American screenwriters
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American actresses
21st-century American comedians
21st-century American Jews
21st-century American screenwriters
21st-century American women writers
Actresses from Philadelphia
American comedy writers
American film actresses
American film directors
American stage actresses
American television actresses
American women comedians
American women film directors
American women screenwriters
Audiobook narrators
Best Adapted Screenplay BAFTA Award winners
Comedians from Pennsylvania
Comedy film directors
Film directors from Pennsylvania
Grammy Award winners
Jewish American actresses
Jewish American comedians
Jewish American comedy writers
Jewish American female comedians
Jewish American film directors
Jewish American screenwriters
Jewish American writers
Tony Award winners
United States National Medal of Arts recipients
Writers Guild of America Award winners
Screenwriters from Philadelphia

Elaine May


Le châtaignier de la Celle-Saint-Cloud est un châtaignier commun (Castanea sativa), dont l'âge est estimé à 330 ans, qui se trouve place du Général Audran à la Celle-Saint-Cloud (Yvelines) dans le quartier résidentiel de la Châtaigneraie. Cet arbre a remporté le prix du public 2021 dans le cadre du concours de l'Arbre de l'année qui récompense chaque année les plus beaux arbres du patrimoine français. Il avait déjà été élu Arbre de l'année 2021 pour l'Île-de-France.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

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Saint Jérôme dans un paysage est un tableau de Lambert van Noort et Henri Bles peint entre 1530 et 1560. Il représente saint Jérôme dans un paysage. Le tableau est conservé au Musée provincial des arts anciens du Namurois (TreM.a) à Namur.

Description
Le tableau de style Renaissance est une peinture à l'huile sur bois de 116,7 centimètres de haut pour 81,6 centimètres de large. Il représente saint Jérôme en athlète se recueillant devant un crucifix, dans la partie droite du tableau. On remarque à l'arrière un paysage typique de l'artiste Bles qui s'inspire de la vallée mosane de la région dinantaise. « LVN » est monogrammé sur la tête de saint Jérôme, signature de Lambert van Noort et non celle de Bles.

Iconographie
On retrouve plusieurs attributs et symboles dans l'iconographie de l'œuvre. Parmi l'iconographie remarquable présente, on peut citer le lion, le chapeau de cardinal, le crucifix, le chêne et la prière. Tous ces symboles se fondant dans une iconographie s'inspirant de la vallée mosane.

Le lion est un animal très représenté dans l'art ; au Moyen Âge, il représente le Christ ; est-ce le cas dans l'œuvre de van Noort et Bles, surtout que la gueule est anthropomorphique? Le lion sur le tableau est représenté dans un certain réalisme, ce qui confirme le style renaissant de l'œuvre. Le lion est aussi l'animal associé à saint Jérôme dans l'iconographie chrétienne, censé renvoyer une image positive de ce saint. L'histoire du lion et de saint Jérôme est légendaire. Cette légende est née dans La Légende dorée qui développe des biographies imaginaires sur la vie de différents saints dont saint Jérôme. Dans cette légende, un lion serait devenu l'animal de compagnie du saint après que ce dernier ait soigné le lion d'une épine dans la patte.

Ensuite, dans le coin inférieur droit, un chapeau de cardinal est posé ; il représente la reconnaissance de saint Jérôme en tant que cardinal, bien que celui-ci ne le soit pas. On lui donne ce titre comme une marque de confiance que le pape Damase Ier lui accorde et est depuis, dans l'iconographie, représenté avec cet attribut typique, un chapeau de cardinal rouge. Cette reconnaissance en tant que cardinal dans l'iconographie est en réalité anachronique, le cardinalat étant mis en place vers l'an mille, saint Jérôme n'aurait jamais pu avoir ce titre de son vivant.

Pour l'iconographie du Christ, il faut remonté à la période durant laquelle le tableau est peint. Il l'est au , au moment où la Contre-Réforme catholique incite les peintres et artistes à représenter le Christ sur une croix dans une posture pathétique. Avant cette contre-réforme, il était simplement représenté en tant qu'homme résigné ou souffrant arqué sur la croix et avant cette période, c'est-à-dire avant le , le Christ était représenté triomphant la mort. Cette représentation du Christ crucifié pourrait aussi renforcé l'image de saint Jérôme, anachorète dévouant sa vie spirituelle dans la solitude (il est seul, excepté le lion et le Christ) et dans le recueillement. Le recueillement est alors très bien représenté, presque couché sur son lion, priant le Christ sur la croix.

Le chêne, quant à lui, est une symbolique représentée de nos jours en numismatique et sur des timbres et il est le symbole de la longévité dans le temps et d'un concept abstrait. Dans le tableau, il prend une place importante.

Conservation
Le Musée provincial des Arts anciens du Namurois (TreM.a) acquiert le tableau après que ce dernier s'est retrouvé dans le commerce de l'art. Dans le TreM.a, il fait partie de la collection de la Communauté française Wallonie-Bruxelles (inventaire : APC20.998) et de la Société archéologique de Namur (inventaire : 318) en tant que bien mobilier classé de la Communauté française depuis le 26 mars 2010 et paru au Moniteur belge le 28 septembre de la même année.

Notes et références

Références

Bibliographie

Tableau d'Henri Bles
Tableau du XVIe siècle
Bible
Christianisme
Jérôme de Stridon dans la peinture
Lion dans la peinture
Crucifixion dans la peinture
Paysage dans la peinture
Œuvre d'art à Namur

Saint Jérôme dans un paysage


(9429) Poreč, denumire internațională (9429) Porec, este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
9429 Poreč este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Visnjan de Observatorul din Višnjan. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,03 ua, o excentricitate de 0,08 și o înclinație de 1,6° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 9001-10000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1996
Centura de asteroizi

9429 Poreč


الطريق الصحيح فيلم مغربي من إنتاج قناة 2M سنة 2005 للمخرج عبد الكريم الدرقاوي.

القصة
تدور أحداث الفيلم بمدينة الدار البيضاء عن موضوع تهريب الملابس، من خلال قصة «الحاج الصقلي» البرلماني الذي يملك مصنعا للملابس ويعتمد في تسييره على الشاب «جمال» الذي كان يعتمد أكثر في تسييره على الأوضاع الاجتماعية للمصنع وأوضاع العمال به مقارنة بمجهوداته لإبعاد شبكات التهريب في المدينة بقيادة «بوشعيب» التاجر، فيعتمد في صراعه معه على العاملة في المصنع «فوزية» التي تنافس ابنة الحاج القنصلي «نوال» على قلب جمال، حيث ترسل فوزية أخيها لكي يصور المجرمين مقابل أن تساهم معه في الأموال لكي يهاجر لأوروبا.

بطولة
 ثريا العلوي
 محمد خيي
 سعيد باي
 محمد مجد
 زكرياء عاطفي
 الشاب نوفل.

الطاقم
 إخراج: عبد الكريم الدرقاوي
 سيناريو: ياسين بوهوش

مراجع

أفلام مغربية إنتاج 2005

الطريق الصحيح (فيلم)


Hiroshi Ibusuki (født 27. februar 1991) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Shonan Bellmare.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Hiroshi Ibusuki


Aktivna islamska omladina (AIO), najradikalnija islamistička organizacija u Bosni i Hercegovini Zabranjeni su zbog povezanosti s terorističkim napadom 11. rujna 2001. u SAD.

Jezgra ove selefističke organizacije iz koje se razvili AIO jest zloglasna postrojba Armije RBiH El Mudžahid. Što je odred El Mudžahid započeo u Srednjoj Bosni čisteći je od Srba i Hrvata, poslije rata nastavljeno je preko portala i časopisa Saff s kojih se širi netolerancija i mržnja prema neislamskom. AIO je skupina koja je izazivala najveću uzbunu nakon Daytona. Uz radikalni islam zagovarali su oružani borbu. Veterani El-Mudžahida, većinom Bošnjaci Muslimani, prihvatili su militantan put.
Članovi AIO su tvrdili da je ideja o stvaranju organizacije Aktivna islamska omladina (AIO) nastala u proljeće 1995. godine, a da su nositelji ideje bili mladi Bošnjaci pripadnici odreda El Mudžahid "koji su vjerovali da primjetno islamsko budenje treba nastaviti i u miru na organiziran i pravilno usmjeren način" "kao plod želje da islam zauzme mjesto koje mu pripada u životu gradana, porodice i društva ukupno" te da je osnovni cilj vraćanje "izvornom islamu". Financijske kontrole u AIO i Al Furkanu pokazale su da je nakon rata dobila Aktivna islamska omladina dobila donacija u vrijednosti više od milijun KM. Inspirirala ih je i financirala Saudijska Arabija. Prostorije najčešće su dobivali da nisu morali plaćati, a novci su stizali i s Istoka i sa Zapada. U Sarajevu im je pomogao Mustafa Mujezinović. U Sarajevu im je prostorije dala općina Stari Grad. Predavanja su držali po stotinu u mjesec dana. Predavali su u Šerićima kod Zenice, Doboj-Istoku, Bosanskom Petrovcu, Goraždu, Sanskom Mostu, Zavidovićima desetak... u mesdžidima ili prostorijama Organizacije. Gostovali su razni predavači, najčešće u Zuhdija Adilović, Šefik Kurdić, s Islamske pedagoške akademije i hafiz Efendić iz Zavidovića.

Sjedište Aktivne islamske omladine nalazilo se u Zenici. Imali su nekoliko tisuća članova diljem BiH. U prve tri godine članstvo se proširilo na nekoliko tisuća članova i imali su urede ogranaka u Travniku, Bugojnu, Zavidovićima, Visokom i Sarajevu. Prvih godina poslije rata u BiH bila je najglasnija islamistička organizacija. Zagovarala je talibanske standarde u bosanskohercegovačkom društvu. Simpatizirala je djelovanje radikalnih terorističkih skupina u svijetu. Propagirali su islamsko misionarstvo, šerijat i ono što su nazivali "izvorni islam", te su htjeli promijeniti "ljude, državu, školstvo, zdravstvo..." Držali su predavanja, tribine, šerijatske kurseve, ljetne kampove, zajedničke iftare u vrijeme ramazana... Regrutirali su mlade Bošnjake mlađe od 25 godina, većinom ratne veterane, pozivajući na džihad. Indoktrinacija je uključivala tečajeve šerijata i "izvornog" (selefijskog) islama. Izlijepili su plakate po Bosni da se ne slavi "nevjernički" Božić ni Nova godina, a 1996. godine nasilno su omeli ponoćnu misu u sarajevskoj katedrali.
U početku nisu imali nadahnutog vođu. Sredinom 1997. preuzeo ga je Adnan Pezo, kadet zrakoplovstva u vojnoj akademiji JRV. Pridružio se El-Mudžahidu 1993. kad je imao 20 godina. S divljenjem je govorio o stranim dobrovoljcima u El Mudžahidu. Tvrdio je da nema suživota s katolicima ni s pravoslavnima niti s muslimanskim ateistima. Rođen je u Prijedoru 1973. godine u Prijedoru gdje je živio do 14. godine kad je otišao u Vazduhoplovnu gimnaziju Jugoslavenske narodne armije u Mostaru. Zatim je upisao Vazduhoplovnu akademiju JNA u Zadru. Htio je biti pilot, a radi lakšeg napredovanja u karijeri učlaniti se u SKJ. Malo se zna o ratnom putu dok je bio u Hrvatskoj u Zadru. Početkom agresije na Hrvatsku, Akademija je premještena u Rajlovac, a uoči agresije na BiH prebacili su ih u Žarkovo. Adnan je sve napustio i vratio se u Prijedor 30. travnja 1992. godine. Otac mu je odveden i ubijen u logor Omarsku, pa je s majkom i braćom otišao u Hrvatsku, "gdje se priključio postrojbi "Zmaj od Bosne" u Bosanskom Brodu". U BiH se vratio koncem '93. i od 20. listopada je pripadnik Odreda "El-Mudžahedin". Ranjen na Ozrenu deset dana nakon zauzimanja Vozuće. Za sebe tvrdi da nije znao obaviti namaz do 1992. godine. AIO nije ostao samo na retorici.

U Sarajevu je istu adresu s uredom AIO dijelio al-Furqan, organizacija koju su 1997. osnovali mladi bošnjački radikali i koju je djelimice financirao al-Haramayn. Financijski kanali bili su opskurni.

Šokirali su Sarajevo 1998. izgredom izazvanim na osmoožujskoj tribini "Žena, religija i društvo", najavivši tad "slobodu bosanske šene poput one kakvu imaju Afganistanke".

U medijima su ih dovodili u svezu s poslijeratnim ubojstvima Hrvata po središnjoj Bosni, uključujući i atentatom na doministra unutarnjih poslova Jozu Leutara 1999. godine. Na sudovima se to nije odrazilo. Pripadnik AIO-a Muamer Topalović pobio je hrvatsku obitelj Anđelić u Kostajnici kod Konjica na Badnju večer 2002., no to je procesuirano kao čin pojedinca, a ne skupine. Ali, bh. i inozemne sigurnosne službe pokazale su zanimanje za AIO. Bh. SIPA je tvrdila da je AIO prestao djelovati.

2000. godine AIO je preselio glavni ured iz Zenice u Sarajevo, a umjesto Adnana Peze došao je mladi radikal sličnih gledišta Almir Fočo. To ih je dovelo bliže novcu saudijskih gospodara. Vrijeme su provodili u džamiji kralja Fahda, saudijski financirane ispostave u radničkoj četvrti Alipašinom Polju. U Sarajevu su ju smatrali po radikalizmu, a za AIO je bila idealna baza za operacije.

2001. godine sigurnosna situacija u BiH nije bila pod kontrolom, zbog čega su zatvorili svoje urede američko i britansko veleposlanstvo u BiH, te USAID-a i Britanski savjet. Zbog toga se 17. listopada 2001. tročlano predsjedništvo BiH sastalo s visokim predstavnikom, a u dan poslije s voditeljem UN-ove misije u BiH Jacques Paulom Kleinom. Američki predstavnici su bh. dužnosnicima predočili dokaze. Upozoreni na djelatnost Aktivne islamske omladine koja je autor plakata kojim se poziva na prosvjede u svim većim bosanskohercegovačkim gradovima zbog američko-britanske vojne akcije u Afganistanu. Prosvjedi su trebali biti 19. listopada 2001. i na njima bi se osudila vojna akcija u Afganistanu. Sadržaj plakata bio je znatno opasniji. Aktivna islamska omladina pozvala je na sveti rat protiv Amerike, a tekst poziva pratila je slika Osame bin Ladena, džamija i New York u plamenu. Plakate su polijepili po srednjoj Bosni, gdje je i bilo sjedište AIO. Policija ih je uklanjala i nije odobrila održavanje tih skupova. U to vrijeme neslužbeni izvori u BiH institucijama dojavili su medijma da je predsjedavajući Predsjedništva BiH Jozo Križanović dobio dva prijeteća pisma, od kojih je jedno poslano iz Berlina, potpisala ga je islamistička teroristička organizacije al-Qa'ida i u njemu se prijeti s više terorističkih akcija, među kojima i terorističkom akcijom na željezničkoj pruzi Sarajevo - Ploče, tj. napadom željezničkom kompozicijom na Mostar, SFOR-ovu bazu u južnom dijelu grada, a akcija bi krenula otimanjem teretnog vozila kod stare željezničke stanice u Divi Grabovici gdje je "smješten veći broj terorista".

Pripadnik AIO-a Muamer Topalović pobio je 2002. hrvatsku obitelj Anđelić u Kostajnici kod Konjica na Badnju večer 2002., no to je procesuirano kao čin pojedinca, a ne skupine. Krivnju je priznao. Topalović je iz Oteležana kod Konjica, član AIO i i konjičkog ureda humanitarne organizacije "Džemijer el Furkan" koja ima sjedište u Sarajevu i financira ju Visoki Saudijski Komitet, a u Konjicu je radila poduku djece u učenju Kurana, te prodavala vjerske knjige.  Topalović je osuđen na 35 godina zatvora.

Osnivači i službeno glasilo NVO Aktivna islamska organizacija 2004. godine zabranjeni su u BiH zbog povezanosti s terorističkim napadom 11. rujna u SAD. Aktivna islamska omladina je zabranjena jer ju je američki State Department označio kao terorističku organizaciju.

AIO je nastavio djelovati kroz druge još radikalnije organizacije, prema NATO-ovim izvješćima iz 2005. godine. To su organizacije Aaktiv i Interaktiv, koje su preuzele islamske omladinske centre, dotad pod okriljem AIO-a. Novinar Esad Hećimović pisao je o njihovu djelovanju i vezama s međunarodnim teroristima, kao i o djelovanju drugih radikalnih islamskih skupina u BiH. Ne zna se poduzimaju li sigurnosne službe i pravosuđe mjere prema organizacijama iza kojih se skriva AIO.

Tužiteljstvo BiH, niti bilo koja druga institucija u BiH nisu reagirali 2018. nakon što su u javnost dospjeli dokumenti kojim je nedvojbeno potvrđeno da su glavni urednik, direktor i osnivači radikalnog ekstremističkog islamističkog provehabijskog portala i časopisa Saff bili pripadnici zloglasnog odreda El Mudžahid. Ezher Beganović, Nasuf Bušatlić, Nedim Haračić i Adnan Pezo. Izvješće Ministarstvu obrane RBiH od 8. svibnja 1995. koje je podnio Sakib Mahmuljin, ratni zapovjednik Trećeg korpusa Armije RBiH pod oznakom "povjerljivo, vojna tajna", sadrži sve domaće i strane pripadnike odreda "El mudžahedin". Brane vehabizam, a za "negativnu propagandu" protiv vehabizma krive Homeinija i iranske uleme, dok za šijite, Irance kažu da su odstupili od izvornog islama i pretvorili se u sektu.

Dževad Galijašević, stručnjak za sigurnost i terorizam, izjavio je da glasilo Saff iznosi stavove mudžahedina i njega vode oficira Odreda El Mudžahedin. Beganović je bio sigurnjak, Bušatlić emir Odreda. Beganović i Bušatlić bili su u zapovjedništvu odreda El Mudžahid, dok su Pezo i Haračić bili vojnici, svi od `93. do kraja rata. Sveza je ne samo sa zločinima mudžahedinima nego i ubojstvima povratnika, a veza s napadom 11. rujna bila je dovoljan povod da pravosudne i policijske institucije povedu istragu protiv ovih osoba. Beganović je 1998. dovođen u vezu s ubojstvom policajca Ante Veljana u Travniku, a američki mediji i u vezu s terorističkim napadima u Parizu i Bruxellesu. Zbog toga je bio saslušavan i u pritvoru, i na koncu oslobođen, a SAF nije trpio posljedice. RTRS je prenio da uživa jaku podršku određenih bošnjačkih struktura prvenstveno u SDA, zbog čega nije procesuiran, a SAF nikad nije trpio posljedice. Iznesena je teza da je pokrovitelj Bušatliću i Beganoviću Šefik Džaferović.
Šefik Džaferović, potpredsjednik SDA, bio je načelnik policije (CSB) u Zenici, gdje je bilo sjedište AIO, i Zavidovićima. Od 1996. bio je tajnik Agencije za informiranje i dokumentaciju (AID), agencije koja se neslužbeno smatra odgovornom za mnoga politička ubojstva u BiH. Potom je bio na raznim dužnostima u Zeničko-dobojskoj županiji, Domu naroda FBiH, Domu naroda Parlamentarne skupštine BiH, Zastupničkom domu PS BiH i aktualni je predsjedatelj Zastupničkog doma PS BiH. Protiv Džaferovića je istragu tražio je bivši potpredsjednik Federacije BiH Mirsad Kebo koji je Državnom tužiteljstvu dostavljao dokumente koji navodno dokazuju Džaferovićevu kaznenu odgovornost zbog prikrivanja ratnih zločina mudžahedina u mjestu Vozući kod Zavidovića. Haračić i Pezo su suosnivači Saffa, Pezo je jedno vrijeme bio i urednik tog glasila. Beganović je jedan od administratora Saffa, urednik još nekoliko portala u BiH slična sadržaja, te jedan od glavnih pripadnika vjerske ektremne grupe koji, koristeći društvene mreže i virtualni prostor, privlači druge radikalne grupe i pojedince. Saff je jedini islamistički portal u BiH koji izlazi i u tiskanom izdanju. U njemu militatni islamisti objavljuju tekstove pune mržnje. O Židovima iznose užasne laži u cilju obezvređivanja Holokausta. U tekstovima napadaju MUP Republike Srpske i ministra Dragana Lukača zbog formiranja Uprave za antiterorističko djelovanje i osiguranje osoba. Potreba za takvom jedinicom je teroristički napad na Policijsku postaju u Zvorniku i pokušaj atentata na premijera Srbije Aleksandra Vučića u Potočarima 11. srpnja 2015. godine.

Prema raspoloživim operativnim saznanjima Državne agencije za istrage i zaštitu BiH, dostavljeno Ministarstvu sigurnosti BiH, AIO nije više aktivna u BiH.

Analitičar iz Srbije Milovan Drecun, ranije je izjavio da je zabranjena teroristička AIO uspostavila svoju mrežu u Makedoniji, Sandžaku i na Kosovu te da Bušatlić tamo drži predavanja kojima inspirira na organiziranje napada na nemuslimane.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Dani ponosa Predsjednik Aktivne islamske omladine Adnan Pezo u poratnoj emisiji FACE to FACE sa Senadom Hadžifejzovićem

Islam u Bosni i Hercegovini
Povijest neovisne Bosne i Hercegovine
Islamističke terorističke skupine

Aktivna islamska omladina


في الرياضيات، يعرف الحد الثابت على أنه حد من الدرجة 0. على سبيل المثال في كثير الحدود :

بالنسبة للمتغير x يعتبر الحد 3 حداً ثابتاً.

في المثال السابق جاء الحد الثابت على شكل عدد بينما هناك حالات من الممكن الإشارة له برمز، مثلأ في كثير الحدود التالي :

بالنسبة للمتحول x فإن a، b، c هي عبارة عن ثوابت وعليه يكون c هو حد ثابت.

متعددات الحدود
جبر ابتدائي

حد ثابت (رياضيات)


Solberg Station (Solberg stasjon eller Solberg holdeplass) var en jernbanestation, der lå i Solberg i Hobøl kommune på Indre Østfoldbanen (Østre Linje) i Norge. Den bestod af et spor og en kort perron med et læskur. Den lå 36,01 km fra Oslo S.

Stationen blev oprettet som trinbræt i 1928 og nedlagt 1. februar 1947. Den blev genoprettet 10. juni 1954 og nedlagt igen 29. maj 1988.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

Stationer på Østre Linje
Nedlagte jernbanestationer i Norge
Etableret i 1928
Ophørt i 1988
Jernbanestationer i Østfold

Solberg Station


Veri tabanı yönetim sistemi (VTYS, İngilizce: Database Management System, kısaca DBMS), veri tabanlarını tanımlamak, yaratmak, kullanmak, değiştirmek ve veri tabanı sistemleri ile ilgili her türlü işletimsel gereksinimleri karşılamak için tasarlanmış sistem ve yazılımdır. Bu sistemlere örnek olarak MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database ve Microsoft Access gösterilebilir.

Veri tabanı yönetim sistemi bileşenleri
 Veri tabanı motoru.
 Veri depolama alt sistemi.
 Veri sorgulama alt sistemi.
 Veri tanımlama alt sistemi.
 Uygulama geliştirme alt sistemi.
 Veri tabanı yönetim alt sistemi.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Berkeley DB
 Dağıtık veritabanı yönetim sistemi
 FileMaker
 Firebird
 IBM DB2
 Microsoft Access
 Microsoft SQL Server
 MySQL
 Oracle database
 PostgreSQL
 SQLite
 Microsoft Visual FoxPro

Literatür
 Elmasri, R. ve S. B. Navathe. (2007). Fundamentals of Database Systems. 5. Basım. Addison Wesley.
 Riccardi, G. (2001). Principles of Database Systems with Internet and Java Applications. Addison Wesley.
 Rob, P. ve C. Coronel. (2009). Database Systems: Design, Implementation, and Management. 8. Basım. Course Technology.
 Silberschatz, A., H. F. Korth ve S. Sudarshan. (2006). Database System Concepts. 5. Basım. McGraw-Hill.
 Yarımağan, Ünal. (2010). Veri Tabanı Yönetim Sistemleri. 2. Basım Akademi Yayıncılık.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Database Fundamentals

Bilişim bilimi
Yazılım

Veritabanı yönetim sistemi


Lee Tae-min (født 18. juli 1993), bedre kendt som Taemin, er en sydkoreansk sanger, skuespiller og danser. Han er medlem af det sydkoreanske boyband SHINee, som debuterede i maj 2008, da han var 14 år gammel. Han er en anerkendt skuespiller og har været med i serier som "Tae Hee, Hye Kyo, Ji Hyun", "Dating Agency: Cyrano" og "Final Life: Even If You Disappear Tomorrow".

Han er også medlem af det koreanske "super-gruppe" SuperM, fra SM Entertainment, som debuterede i 2019.

Udover tidligere nævnte præstationer har Taemin også en udstrakt solo karriere . Hans succes gennem både SHINee, SuperM og hans solo karriere, samt hans kunstneriske indflydelse har ledt ham til at blive kaldt for "the Idol's idol" eller "idolernes idol" blandt de koreanske idoler (k-pop-sangere).

Privatliv
Taemin blev født i Seoul, Sydkorea. Han blev interesseret i dans gennem hans storebror, Lee Tae-sun. Han er romersk katolik.

I marts 2011 måtte Taemin overføres fra Chungdam High School til Hanlim Multi Art School for at imødekomme hans hektiske tidsplan under SHINee's japanske fremgang. Han blev færdig i high school i februar 2012, men var ude af stand til at deltage i ceremonien på grund af SHINee's aktiviteter. Taemin startede hans bachelor uddannelse i film og musicals ved Myongji Universitet i 2013, men det er uvist hvornår han blev færdig med den.

Karriere

Begyndelse på karriere
Taemin gik til audition ved pladeselskabet SM Entertainment ved 2005 SM Open Weekend Audition Casting, hvor han øjeblikkeligt blev accepteret som trainee. I 2008 blev han valgt til at debutere som medlem i gruppen SHINee, i en alder af 14 år. Gruppen debuterede officielt d.25 maj 2008 i programmet SBS' Inkigayo.

Soloarbejde

2014-2016: Ace, Press It og Sayonara Hitori
D. 18 august 2014 debuterede Taemin med sin første EP Ace. Den indeholdt 6 sange og dens lead single "Danger" blev komponeret og arrangeret af danskerne Thomas Troelsen og Remee S Jackman.

Taemin udgav hans første fulde album Press it d.23 februar 2016. Den inkluderede 10 sange, samt dens lead single "Press Your Number".

I juni blev der annonceret, at Taemin ville debutere på det japanske marked med minialbummet Sayonara Hitori, som inkluderede en showcasing på hans 23. fødselsdag. Albummet blev udgivet d. 27 juni og indeholdt den japanske version af "Press Your Number", fra Press it (2016), samt 4 nye sange. Han var på showet "Hit the Stage", et danse program af Mnet, med hans dansepartner Koharu Sugawara, som var koreografen til "Sayonara Hitori". Han kom på 1. pladsen i anden episode af showet.

2017-2018: Flame of Love, Move og Taemin
I juli 2017 holdt Taemin hans første solo koncert i Japan i Budokan arena i Tokyo. Han havde udgivet en ny japansk sang, "Flame of Love", inden koncerten. Taemin holdt hans første koreanske koncert, kaldet "Off-Sick", i slutningen af august 2017 over 3 dage.

Taemin's andet studiealbum, Move, blev udgivet i oktober 2017, hvilket indeholdt hit singlen "Move". Albummet debuterede på nr.2 på Gaon Album Chart og på nr. 3 på Billboard World Albums Chart. D.10 december 2017 udkom den ompakkede version, kaldet "Move-ing" udgivet. Den fik tilføjet 4 nye sange til tracklisten, hvilket inkluderede dens lead single "Day and Night".

D.5 november 2018 ud gav Taemin hans selvnavngivne tredje hele (og første japanske) album, Taemin.

2019-nu: Want, Famous og Never Gonna Dance Again
Taemin udkom med hans 2. koreanske EP, WANT, d. 11 februar 2019. Koreografien til albummets lead single, også kaldet "WANT", blev lavet af Koharu Sugawara.

D.4 august 2019 udgav Taemin digitalt hans 3. japanske EP "Famous" . Den blev fysisk udgivet d. 28. august gennem EMI Records Japan og Universal Music Japan.

Gennem sin personlige Instagram konto afslørede Taemin d. 26 juli 2020, at han ville udgive sit 3. koreanske studiealbum, kaldet Never Gonna Dance Again i august. Det ville han gøre med singlen "2 Kids" d.4 august. Singlen skulle være en prolog til albummet, som blev sat til at have to dele. Den første del af albummet blev udgivet d. 7 september, med sangen "Criminal" som dens lead single. Den anden del af albummet blev udgivet d. 9 november med sangen "IDEA (理想)", som dens lead single. Taemin's fulde album blev udgivet d. 14 december og kombinerede de 18 sange fra de to dele.

Arbejde i film og serier
Taemin havde sin skuespils debut i 2009 i MBC's komedie "Tae Hee, Hye Kyo, Ji Hyun" som Junsu.

I 2012 var han for første gang med i en voice-over film, hvor han var en af stemme skuespillerne. Han spillede med i den animerede, koreanske film kaldet "The Outback" som hovedkarakteren Johnny, en hvid koala blevet helt. Hans kollega fra samme firma (SM entertainment) Girl's Generation's Sunny var også med i filmen.

Taemin udgav, d. 19 september 2012, sin første OST "U" til den koreanske dramaserie "To The Beautiful You".

SM entertainment afslørede i april 2013, at Taemin skulle være med i reality serien "We Got Married" med Son Nae-eun, som hans partner. I det samme år var Taemin med i tre episoder af den koreanske dramaserie "Dating Agency: Cyrano" som sangeren Ray/Yang Ho-yeol.

I august 2017 blev Taemin's første japanske dramaserie annonceret, kaldet "Final Life: Even If You Disappear Tomorrow". Krimiserien blev instrueret af Masatoshi Kuarakata og Takeshi Maruyama. Den er et originalt japansk værk af Amazon Prime Video og blev udgivet i september 2017. Den indeholder Taemin og Shota Matsuda i hovedrollerne. Soundtracket til dramaserien "What's This Feeling" blev også sunget af Taemin.

Grupper

SHINee
Taemin debuterede, som 14 årig, i det sydkoreanske boyband SHINee. Gruppen består af medlemmerne: Onew, Key, Minho og Taemin, samt Jonghyun, som gik bort d.18 december 2017. Taemin har nu positionerne hoveddanser (Main Dancer), forsanger (Lead Singer) og Maknae (den yngste) i gruppen. SM Entertainment ønskede, at gruppen skulle blive trendsættere inden for alle områder af musik, dans, mode og lign. og de blev derfor først introduceret som en Moderne R&B gruppe. SHINee optrådte for første gang i maj 2008 med deres første EP Replay på SBS' Inkigayo med singlen "누난 너무 예뻐 (Replay)". Replay EP'en havde sin top som nr.8 på de koreanske musik hitlister.

SuperM
SuperM er en sydkoreansk supergruppe, der debuterede i 2019, under SM Entertainment og Capitol Music Group. Udover Taemin debuterede han også sammen med de seks andre medlemmer Baekhyun og Kai fra EXO, Taeyong og Mark fra NCT 127 og Ten og Lucas fra WayV. Gruppen debuterede d. 4 oktober 2019 med den selv navngivne EP, SuperM, som gik direkte på nr.1 på Billboard 200. De blev dermed den første asiatiske gruppe nogensinde til at toppe de amerikanske hitlister med et debutalbum. SuperM's debut single "Jopping" blev valgt som en af Billboard's Critics' picks af de "25 Bedste K-pop Sange" i året 2019.

Diskografi
Fulde albummer:

 Press it (2016)
 Move (2017)
 Taemin (2018)
 Never Gonna Dance Again (2020)

Minialbummer:

 Ace (2014)
 Sayonara Hitori (2016)
 Flame of Love (2017)
 WANT (2019)
 Famous (2019)

Re-packages (ompakninger):

 Move-ing (2017)

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Taemin  på SM's officielle hjemmeside

Sangere fra Sydkorea
Skuespillere fra Sydkorea
Personer fra Seoul

Taemin


البلدان الأقل نموا ( تُختصر بـ LDCs)، هي قائمة بالبلدان النامية التي تُظهر -حسب الأمم المتحدة- أدنى مؤشرات التنمية الاجتماعية والاقتصادية، مع أدنى تصنيف لمؤشر التنمية البشرية لجميع البلدان في العالم. نشأ مفهوم أقل البلدان نمواً في أواخر الستينيات وأدرجت الأمم المتحدة المجموعة الأولى من أقل البلدان نمواً في قرارها 2768 (XXVI) المؤرخ بتاريخ 18 نوفمبر 1971.

تصنف الدولة بين أقل البلدان نمواً إذا كانت تستوفي ثلاثة معايير:

 الفقر - معيار قابل للتعديل على أساس نصيب الفرد من الدخل القومي الإجمالي ومتوسطه على مدى ثلاث سنوات. اعتبارًا من عام 2018، يجب أن يكون نصيب الفرد من إجمالي الدخل القومي أقل من 1,025 دولارًا أمريكيًا لإدراجها في القائمة، وأكثر من 1,230 دولارًا للخروج منها.
 ضعف الموارد البشرية (بناءً على مؤشرات التغذية والصحة والتعليم ومحو الأمية الكبار).
  (استنادًا إلى عدم استقرار الإنتاج الزراعي، وعدم استقرار صادرات السلع والخدمات، والأهمية الاقتصادية للأنشطة غير التقليدية، وتركيز صادرات البضائع، وإعاقة الحجم الاقتصادي الصغير، والنسبة المئوية للسكان النازحين بسبب الكوارث الطبيعية).

اعتبارًا من عام 2018، تم تصنيف 47 دولة على أنها أقل البلدان نمواً، بينما تم إخراج خمسة بلدان ما بين عامي 1994 و 2017. تعترف منظمة التجارة العالمية بقائمة الأمم المتحدة لأقل البلدان نمواً. فلسفيًا،

نظرة عامة
تتم مراجعة معايير أقل البلدان نمواً كل ثلاث سنوات من قبل لجنة السياسات الإنمائية (CDP) التابعة للمجلس الاقتصادي والاجتماعي للأمم المتحدة (ECOSOC). قد «تخرج» البلدان من تصنيف أقل البلدان نمواً عندما تتجاوز المؤشرات هذه المعايير في مراجعتين كل ثلاث سنوات متتالية.

قائمة بالبلدان الأقل نماء
البلدان الأقل نموا مُرتّبة حسب القارة بالترتيب الهجائي:

آسيا (7 بلدان)

أفريقيا (30 بلداً)

الأمريكيتان (بلد واحد)

أوقيانوسيا (5 بلدان)

البلدان المتخرجة
  (في 1994)
  (في 2007)
  (في 1 يناير 2011)

مصادر

اقتصاد سياسي
الائتلافات والمجموعات غير الرسمية للأمم المتحدة
تنمية اقتصادية
تنمية عالمية
دين (اقتصاد)
قوائم الدول
قياسات وتعاريف الفقر

البلدان الأقل نماء


Boyle yasası (Bazen Boyle-Mariotte yasası veya Uçucu Gazların Sıvılaştırılması olarak da bilinir), gaz yasalarından biridir. 1662'de İrlandalı doğa filozofu Robert Boyle (Lismore, County Waterford, 1627-1691) tarafından ilk defa basılmıştır. Yasa, Richard Towneley ve Henry Power tarafından Boyle'ın önüne getirilmiş ve Boyle da deneyleri yapıp sonuçları basmıştır. Robert Gunther ve bazı diğer otoritelere göre, deneyin aparatını hazırlayan Boyle'ın asistanı Robert Hooke, yasayı formülize eden insan olabilir. Hooke'un matematik konusundaki becerileri Boyle'ı aşıyordu. Hooke ayrıca, deneyler için gerekli olan vakum pompalarını da icat etmiştir. Fransız fizikçi Edme Mariotte (1620-1684), Boyle'dan bağımsız olarak formülü 1676'da bulmuştur. Bu nedenle de bu yasa, Mariotte ya da Mariotte-Boyle yasası olarak da isimlendirilebilir.

Boyle yasasına göre, sıcaklıklar sabit tutulduğu sürece, belirli ölçüde alınan bir ideal gazın hacmiyle basıncının çarpımı sabittir. Matematiksel bir anlatımla:

 P paskal olarak basınç,
 V kübik metre olarak hacim,
 k gaz sabiti (8.3145 J/(mol K).

k sabitinin değeri, belirli miktarda alınmış gazların hacim ve basınç değerlerine göre yapılmıştır. Sistemde bir değişiklik yaparak - ki bu genellikle gazı içinde bulunduran kabın hacminin değiştirilmesiyle yapılır - yeni hacim ve basınç ölçülmüştür. Bu işlemlerin sonunda çıkan basınç ve hacmin çarpımı k sabitinin değeri olur. Bu noktada tamamıyla doğru olmamakla beraber, V olan hacim arttırıldığında, sıcaklığın sabit tutulduğu göze alınırsa, P olan basınç da bu arttırılmaya oranla azalır. Tam tersi de aynı şekilde geçerlidir; gazın hacmini düşürmek, basıncı arttırır.

Boyle yasası, genellikle, sadece hacim ya da basınç anlamında yapılan bir değişikliğin sonuçlarını önceden tahmin etmek için kullanılır. Belirli ölçüdeki herhangi bir gazın, sıcaklığın sabit tutulması şartıyla (bunun için soğutma ve ısıtma kullanılmalıdır), "önce" ve "sonraki" hacim-basınç ilişkisi aşağıdaki gibidir:

Bu denklem, genellikle herhangi bir (basınç ya da hacim) "sonra" öğesinin bulunması için kullanılır. Örnek:

Boyle yasası, Charles yasası ve Gay-Lussac yasası, birlikte toplam gaz yasası'nı ortaya çıkarırlar. Bu yasaya bir de Avogadro yasası'nın eklenmesi, ideal gaz yasasını ortaya çıkarır.

Gaz yasaları

Boyle yasası


An Habenaria amplifolia in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Thomas Frederic Cheeseman. An Habenaria amplifolia in nahilalakip ha genus nga Habenaria, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Cook Is.. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Habenaria

Habenaria amplifolia


La  est une voie publique de Blagnac, commune de la métropole de Toulouse, dans le Midi de la France.

Situation et accès
La route de Grenade est une voie publique située dans Blagnac. Elle correspond à une partie de l'ancienne route départementale 13, classée en 1813 entre Grenade et Toulouse. En 1938, elle devient la route départementale 2, de Grenade à Revel en passant par Toulouse. En 2017, la partie de la route sur le territoire de Toulouse Métropole lui est transférée et elle devient la route métropolitaine 2.

La route de Grenade est parcourue et desservie dans sa première partie, entre le port de l'Embouchure et le rond-point Jean-Bégué, par la ligne de bus 70.

Voies rencontrées
La route de Grenade rencontre les voies suivantes, dans l'ordre des numéros croissants (« g » indique que la rue se situe à gauche, « d » à droite) :

 Rond-point Jean-Maga
 Avenue Pierre-Georges-Latécoère (g)
 Avenue de Purpan (d)
 Rue du Château-d'Eau (d)
 Rue Saint-Michel-du-Touch (g)
 Rue Léon-Raymondis (g)
 Rue de l'Escale (d)
 Rue de l'Escale (d)
 Avenue Lucien-Servanty
 Rue François-Villon - accès piéton (d)
 Rue Ginestet (g)
 Rue Alphonse-Daudet (d)
 Impasse des Peyrous (g)
 Rue Pierre-Loti (d)
 Rue Jean-Moulin (g)
 Rue Honoré-de-Balzac (d)
 Rue d'Armagnac (g)
 Rue de Bourgogne (g)
 Rue Jean-de-La Fontaine(d)
 Rue de Guyenne (g)
 Chemin des Sœurs (d)
 Impasse des Flandres (g)
 Chemin de Bélisaire (g)
 Rue Pasteur (d)
 Rue de Bûches (d)
 Allée des Mûriers
 Place du Relais
 Avenue de Cornebarrieu (g)
 Vieux chemin de Grenade (d)
 Chemin d'Aussonne (g)
 Rue des Allières (d)
 Rue Paul-Gauguin (g)
 Avenue du Général-de-Gaulle (g)
 Rue Henri-Matisse (d)
 Rond-point de Bosc
 Rue Marc-Chagall (d)
 Impasse Auguste-Renoir (d)
 Rue des Tonneliers (g)
 Rue du Puits-d'Uzou (d)
 Rue des Orfèvres (g)
 Chemin du Pesayre (d)
 Impasse du Riou (g)
 Avenue Georges-Brassens (g)
 Chemin du Moulin-de-Naudin (d)
 Rond-point de Buxtehude
 Rue Isaac-Newton (g)
 Rue Georges-Gay (g)
 Rond-point François-Mitterrand
 Boulevard Alain-Savary (g)
 Chemin du Ferradou (d)
 Boulevard Persée (d)
 Route de Grenade - Beauzelle

Origine du nom

Historique

Bâtiments remarquables et lieux de mémoire
  11 : écoles maternelle et primaire Aérogare. Un groupe scolaire est construit dans les années 1970 sur une parcelle entre la route de Grenade et la place de Verdun. Il est composé de plusieurs bâtiments préfabriqués. En 2019, l'ensemble est démoli, tandis que de nouveaux bâtiments sont construits : le nouveau groupe scolaire, construit sur les plans de l'agence Matte Devaux Rousseau Architectes, devrait accueillir 11 classes d'élémentaires et 6 de maternelles. Le projet inclut la création d'un nouveau parc, le jardin du Petit Prince.
  13 bis : ancienne gare de Blagnac.
  61 : ancienne ferme.
  66 : ancienne ferme.
  74 : ancienne ferme.
  81 : ancienne ferme.
  102 : ancienne ferme.
  106 : ancienne ferme.
 complexe sportif d'Andromède.
 rond-point du Bosc. Le rond-point paysager est aménagé dans les années 1990. Au sommet d'une butte est placé un puits de maraîcher, qui rappelle l'activité agricole du terroir de Blagnac au . Le puits carré est bâti en brique et en galets de Garonne. Il est surmonté d'un toit en bois à deux pans. Une rivière de galets s'écoule du puits jusqu'au bas de la butte.
 rond-point de Buxtehude. Le rond-point est nommé en l'honneur de Buxtehude, commune allemande jumelée avec Blagnac. En juin 2015, à l'occasion des trente ans de ce jumelage, une délégation allemande offre deux sculptures : un lièvre et un hérisson, héros d'un conte des frères Grimm qui se déroule justement à Buxtehude. Elles sont installées sur le rond-point Émile-Dewoitine, mais la statue du lièvre est volée en 2017. En 2020, retrouvée, elle est finalement installée, mais seule, sur le rond-point de Buxtehude. La statue, en résine, représente un lièvre, habillé d'une redingote. Il est remarquable pour ses couleurs bleu et jaune.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Réseau routier de la Haute-Garonne

Liens externes
 Route départementale française D2 (31) sur Wikisara (consulté le 9 février 2022).

Grenade
Route métropolitaine 2 (Toulouse Métropole)

Route de Grenade


Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (; sometimes transliterated Josif, Josif, Shklovskii, Shklovskij) (1 July 1916 – 3 March 1985) was a Soviet astronomer and astrophysicist. He is remembered for work in theoretical astrophysics and other topics, as well as for his 1962 book on extraterrestrial life, the revised and expanded version of which was co-authored by American astronomer Carl Sagan in 1966 as Intelligent Life in the Universe.

He won the Lenin Prize in 1960 and the Bruce Medal in 1972. Asteroid 2849 Shklovskij and the crater Shklovsky (on the Martian moon Phobos) are named in his honor. He was a Corresponding Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences since 1966.

Early life
Shklovsky was born in Hlukhiv, a city in the Ukrainian part of the Russian Empire, into a poor Ukrainian Jewish family. After graduating from the seven-year secondary school, he worked as a foreman on building Baikal Amur Mainline. In 1933 Shklovsky entered the Physico-Mathematical Faculty of the Moscow State University.

There he studied until 1938, when he took a Postgraduate Course at the Astrophysics Department of the Sternberg State Astronomical Institute and remained working in the Institute until the end of his life. He died in Moscow, aged 68.

Research
He specialized in theoretical astrophysics and radio astronomy, as well as the Sun's corona, supernovae, and cosmic rays and their origins. He showed, in 1946, that the radio-wave radiation from the Sun emanates from the ionized layers of its corona, and he developed a mathematical method for discriminating between thermal and nonthermal radio waves in the Milky Way. He is noted especially for his suggestion that the radiation from the Crab Nebula is due to synchrotron radiation, in which unusually energetic electrons twist through magnetic fields at speeds close to that of light. Shklovsky proposed that cosmic rays from supernova explosions within 300 light years of the sun could have been responsible for some of the mass extinctions of life on earth.

In 1959, Shklovsky examined the orbital motion of Mars's inner satellite Phobos. He concluded that its orbit was decaying, and noted that if this decay was attributed to friction with the Martian atmosphere, then the satellite must have an exceptionally low density. In this context, he voiced a suggestion that Phobos might be hollow, and possibly of artificial origin. This interpretation has since been refuted by more detailed study, but the apparent suggestion of extraterrestrial involvement caught the public imagination, though there is some disagreement as to how seriously Shklovsky intended the idea to be taken. However, Shklovsky and Carl Sagan argued for serious consideration of "paleocontact" with extraterrestrials in the early historical era, and for examination of myths and religious lore for evidence of such contact.

His 1962 book, Вселенная, жизнь, разум (Universe, Life, Intelligence), was expanded upon and re-issued in 1966 with American astronomer Carl Sagan as co-author under the title Intelligent Life in the Universe (1966). This was the first comprehensive discussion of this field. Discussing the biological as well as astronomical issues of the subject, its unique format, alternating paragraphs written by Shklovsky and Sagan, demonstrated the deep mutual regard between the two and allowed them to express their views without compromise.

In 1967, before the discovery of pulsars, Shklovsky examined the X-ray and optical observations of Scorpius X-1 and correctly concluded that the radiation comes from an accreting neutron star.

Quotes
In the September 1965 issue of Soviet Life, he made the following statement regarding prospects for the future of humanity:

Profound crises lie in wait for a developing civilization and one of them may well prove fatal. We are already familiar with several such critical (situations):
(a) Self-destruction as a result of a thermonuclear catastrophe or some other discovery which may have unpredictable and uncontrollable consequences.
(b) Genetic danger.
(c) Overproduction of information.
(d) Restricted capacity of the individual's brain which can lead to excessive specialization, with consequent dangers of degeneration.
(e) A crisis precipitated by the creation of artificial intelligent beings.

Personal life
His memoir, Five Billion Vodka Bottles to the Moon: Tales of a Soviet Scientist, was published posthumously in 1991 by W.W. Norton & Co.

In "Five Billion Vodka Bottles to the Moon", Shklovsky recalled his visit to Philip Morrison, who in 1959 had co-authored with Cornell University colleague Giuseppe Cocconi the paper in Nature magazine which marks the beginning of the modern search for extraterrestrial life, and their discussion of such issues.  Bitter over Soviet anti-semitism, of the five pioneer investigators of the field, Cocconi, Morrison, Cornell University's Frank Drake (of the 1961 Project Ozma and the Drake equation), Sagan, and Shklovsky, Shklovsky was quite aware of sharing his Jewish identity with Sagan. Indeed, Sagan's Jewish heritage was also Ukrainian Jewish.

He was known for his sharp wit and extreme likability. Colleagues in the astronomy department at the University of California, Berkeley, remember fondly his visit there in the 1970s.  Well known for his Intelligent Life in the Universe, he was asked by a graduate student if UFO sightings are as common in the Soviet Union as in the United States.  "No," he replied.  "In this area the Americans are far more advanced than us."

Bibliography
I.S. Shklovsky: Cosmic Radio Waves, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1960
I.S. Shklovsky: Вселенная, жизнь, разум (), Moscow, USSR Academy of Sciences Publisher, 1962
Revised and extended English translation of this book, coauthored with Carl Sagan, was first published in 1966, under the name Intelligent Life in the Universe, one of the latest reissues was published in 1998 by Emerson-Adams Press ()
I.S. Shklovsky: Physics of the Solar Corona, Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, 1965
I.S. Shklovskii, Supernovae, New York: Wiley, 1968
I.S. Shklovsky: Stars: Their Birth, Life, Death,San Francisco, 1978,
I.S. Shklovsky: Five Billion Vodka Bottles to the Moon: Tales of a Soviet Scientist, W.W. Norton & Company, 1991.

References

1916 births
1985 deaths
People from Hlukhiv
People from Chernigov Governorate
Moscow State University alumni
Academic staff of Moscow State University
Jewish astronomers
Soviet astronomers
Soviet astrophysicists
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
Interstellar messages
Radio astronomers
Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Jewish Ukrainian scientists
Ukrainian astronomers
Russian scientists

Iosif Shklovsky


Enrico Letta (f. 20. ágúst 1966) er ítalskur stjórnmálamaður sem var forsætisráðherra Ítalíu frá apríl 2013 til febrúar 2014. Hann leiddi á þeim tíma þjóðstjórn miðvinstri- og miðhægriflokka. Frá mars 2021 hefur Letta verið leiðtogi ítalska Lýðræðisflokksins.

Letta hóf þátttöku í stjórnmálum árið 1998 þegar hann var útnefndur samfélagsráðherra í stjórn Massimo D'Alema. Hann gegndi því embætti til ársins 1999 en varð þá iðnaðar-, verslunar- og handverkaráðherra. Árið 2001 hætti hann ráðherrastörfum eftir að hann var kjörinn á neðri deild ítalska þingsins. Frá 2006 til 2008 var hann útnefndur ritari ráðherraráðsins. Árið 2007 var Letta meðal stofnmeðlima Lýðræðisflokksins og árið 2009 var hann kjörinn vararitari flokksins.

Eftir að enginn flokkur vann skýran sigur í þingkosningum árið 2013 og flokksleiðtogar höfðu samið sín á milli fól Giorgio Napolitano forseti Letta að mynda þjóðstjórn Lýðræðisflokksins, hægriflokksins Þjóðar frelsisins og miðflokksins Scelta Civica til að takast á við þjóðfélagsvandamál Ítalíu í kjölfar alþjóðlegu fjármálakreppunnar. Eftir að flokkarnir komust að samkomulagi sagði Letta af sér sem vararitari Lýðræðisflokksins og var útnefndur forsætisráðherra Ítalíu þann 28. apríl 2013. Ríkisstjórn Letta reyndi að stuðla að efnahagsbata með því að gera fjármagnssamning við Evrópusambandið til að vinna bug á atvinnuleysi ungmenna. Letta hætti jafnframt ríkisfjármagni við stjórnmálaflokka, sem var talin tímamótaákvörðun í ítölskum stjórnmálum þar sem stjórnmálaflokkar höfðu um árabil reitt sig á fjármagn frá hinu opinbera.

Í nóvember árið 2013 reyndi Silvio Berlusconi, leiðtogi Þjóðar frelsisins, að draga stuðning flokksins við stjórn Letta til baka til þess að þröngva Letta úr embætti. Allir hægrisinnaðir ráðherrar stjórnarinnar ákváðu hins vegar að segja sig úr Þjóð frelsisins og stofna nýjan flokk til að styðja áframhaldandi stjórn Letta. Þrátt fyrir að þrauka þessa atlögu gegn sér veiktist staða Letta verulega við innanflokksdeilur í desember 2013 þegar Matteo Renzi var kjörinn ritari Lýðræðisflokksins. Þann 13. febrúar árið 2014 skoraði Renzi formlega Letta á hólm um forsætisráðherræmbættið. Letta glataði fljótt stuðningi kollega sinna og sagði af sér sem forsætisráðherra þann 22. febrúar.

Eftir afsögn sína hætti Letta um skeið þátttöku í stjórnmálum og gerðist skólameistari Alþjóðasamskiptaskólans við Sciences Po í París. Í mars árið 2021 sagði Nicola Zingaretti, ritari Lýðræðisflokksins, af sér eftir að hafa fallið fyrir vantrauststillögu flokksforystunnar. Leiðtoganefnd Lýðræðisflokksins hvatti Letta til að sækjast eftir embættinu og eftir umhugsun tilkynnti Letta að hann myndi snúa aftur til Ítalíu til að gefa kost á sér. Þann 14. mars 2021 var hann sjálfkjörinn nýr ritari flokksins af framkvæmdastjórn hans.

Tilvísanir

Forsætisráðherrar Ítalíu

Enrico Letta


Derrick Brian Jelliffe (* 20. Januar 1921 in Chatham; † 18. März 1992 in Los Angeles) war ein englischer Mediziner und Experte in tropischer Pädiatrie und Kinderernährung.

Leben
Derrick Jelliffe wurde 1921 in Chatham, England, geboren. Er studierte an der University of London. Gemeinsam mit seiner Frau Patrice Jelliffe (1920–2007) lebte und arbeitete er 24 Jahre lang in Entwicklungsländern. Er setzte sich für die öffentliche Gesundheit ein und propagierte die Vorteile des Stillens. Er war Professor für Pädiatrie und Public Health an der University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). 1972 wurde er an die UCLA School of Public Health berufen, wo er die Abteilung für Population and family health aufbaute. Er war Gründungsdirektor des 1990 eingeführten internationalen Gesundheitsprogramms der UCLA und etablierte die erste Fakultät für Kindergesundheit und Pädriatrie in Ostafrika, an der Makerere University in Uganda. Er war als Berater der UNICEF, der World Health Organization und der National Academy of Science tätig.

Gemeinsam mit seiner Frau, welche als Dozentin und wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin an der UCLA School of Public Health tätig war, veröffentlichte Jelliffe 22 Bücher, die sich an Krankenschwestern und Hebammen richteten. Er verfasste hunderte von Schriften zur Entwicklungsländerproblematik und war Herausgeber des Journal of Tropical Pediatrics.

Jelliffe starb im Alter von 71 Jahren an einem Herzinfarkt.

Auszeichnungen
 1968 Nils-Rosén-von-Rosenstein-Medaille der Swedish Pediatric Society
 1977 Gopalan Oration Award der Nutrion Society of India
 1979 Wihuri International Prize der finnischen Organisation Wihuri Foundation for International Prizes.

Publikationen (Auswahl)
 mit E. F. Patrice Jelliffe: Human milk in the modern world : psychosocial, nutritional, and economic significance. Oxford University Press, New York 1978, ISBN 978-0-192-64919-5.
 mit E. F. Patrice Jelliffe: Nutrition and growth. Plenum Press, New York 1979, ISBN 978-0-306-40128-2.
 mit E. F. Patrice Jelliffe: Adverse effects of foods. Plenum Press, New York 1982, ISBN 978-0-306-40870-0.
 mit Cicely D. Williams, Naomi Baumslag: Mother and child health: delivering the services. Oxford University Press, New York 1994, ISBN 978-0-195-08148-0.

Weblinks

 Nachruf in der Los Angeles Times

Einzelnachweise

Mediziner (20. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (University of California, Los Angeles)
Engländer
Brite
Geboren 1921
Gestorben 1992
Mann

Derrick B. Jelliffe


Sioen (de son nom complet: Sioen Indutries NV) est une entreprise belge de textiles fondée en 1907 à Rumbeke, dans la province de Flandre-Occidentale.

Histoire
La société est créée à Rumbeke en 1907 par Adolf Sioen. En 1960 son petit-fils, Jean-Jacques, créé une unité de production à Beveren, puis, en 1977, emménage dans des nouveau locaux à Ardooie, qui est aujourd'hui le siège de l'entreprise.

En 1996, la société fait son entrée en bourse à la bourse de Bruxelles.

Activités
La société opère dans trois domaines distincts:
 Les textiles techniques.
 Les vêtements de protection.
 Les produits chimiques.

Filiales

Sites
Sioen est présente sur 47 sites de production répartis en Amérique du Nord, en Asie, en Europe et en Océanie.

Notes et références

Ardoye
Entreprise ayant son siège en Flandre
Entreprise de fabrication ayant son siège en Belgique

Sioen Industries


Durodola Durosomo Duroorike Timothy Adisa Ladipo (18 de dezembro de 1926 - 11 de março de 1978), mais conhecido como Duro Ladipo, foi um dos dramaturgos iorubás mais conhecidos e aclamados pela crítica que emergiu da África pós-colonial. Escrevendo exclusivamente na língua iorubá, ele cativou o espírito simbólico das mitologias iorubás em suas peças, que posteriormente foram adaptadas para outras mídias como fotografia, televisão e cinema. Sua peça mais famosa, Ọba kò so (O rei não pendurou), uma dramatização da história iorubá tradicional de como Ṣango se tornou o orixá do trovão, recebeu aclamação internacional no primeiro Commonwealth Arts Festival em 1965 e em uma turnê pela Europa, onde um crítico berlinense, Ulli Beier, comparou Ladipọ a Karajan. Ladipo geralmente atuava em suas próprias peças.

Biografia
Durodola Durosomo (ou Durosinmi) Duroorike Timothy Adisa Ladipo nasceu em 18 de dezembro de 1926 filho de Joseph Oni Ladipo e Dorcas Towobola Ajike Ladipo. Muitas fontes afirmam que ele nasceu em 1931, mas isso provavelmente foi declarado erroneamente. Como Ladipo nasceu depois que nove dos filhos de seus pais morreram antes de um ano de idade, acreditava-se que Ladipo era um abiku. Abiku, que significa nascido para morrer, é um conceito iorubá em que existem espíritos que possuem os corpos de vários filhos de um dos pais e existem para causar dor e tristeza a ele ou ela. A única maneira de resolver isso era envolvendo-se em intensos rituais espirituais feitos para prender a criança a este mundo ou convencer o espírito maligno de que sua morte não traria tristeza. É por isso que algumas crianças podem ser vistas com nomes nada afetuosos. Ladipo sendo considerado um abiku pode ser visto por seus muitos nomes começando com dúró, uma palavra iorubá que significa ficar, esperar ou permanecer. Seu nome Dúródọlá significa "esperar pela riqueza", tentando convencê-lo a ficar e aproveitar a vida, Dúróṣọmọ́ significa "ficar para ser nosso filho", outra variação, Dúrósinmí significa "ficar para me enterrar" e Dúróoríkẹ́ significa "ficar para ver como muito nós cuidaremos de você."

Apesar do fato de Joseph e Dorcas Ladipo serem cristãos anglicanos devotos que rejeitavam as crenças de seus pais, eles ficaram tão preocupados com a aparente posse de abiku que, para Ladipo, eles procuraram um sacerdote tradicional de Ifa, ou Babalawo. Depois que Duro sobreviveu à infância, seus pais tiveram mais cinco filhos, incluindo um casal de gêmeos, que sobreviveram à infância. O bisavô de Ladipo era baterista do gangan e adorador do deus Xangô que escapou da Guerra de Jalumi com a ajuda de Oderinlo, um dos generais de guerra, porque se acreditava ser proibido matar um baterista na guerra. A tradição de tocar bateria e batucar continuou com seu filho, avô de Ladipo. No entanto, o pai de Ladipo, Joseph Oni, recusou-se a seguir os passos de seu ancestral e se converteu ao cristianismo por volta de 1912. Ele se tornou ministro em uma igreja anglicana em Oṣogbo depois disso. Joseph queria que Ladipo seguisse seus passos para ser um pregador, mas Ladipo foi influenciado por seu avô, que também era um devoto adorador de Xangô e Oya, e era bem versado na mitologia iorubá, especialmente aquelas emanadas do Antigo Ọyọ. Ladipo também observou os festivais de Ifa e Egungun em Ila Orangun e Otan Ayegbaju, cidades próximas a Osogbo.

Carreira
Ladipọ se esforçou e conseguiu se expor aos elementos culturais tradicionais e iorubás, principalmente quando vivia sob o véu de um lar cristão. Ainda jovem, ele escapava do vicariato para assistir aos festivais iorubás. Esse fascínio por sua cultura o levou a pesquisar e experimentar o drama e a escrita teatrais. Depois de deixar Oṣogbo, ele foi para Ibadan, onde se tornou professor. Enquanto estava em Ibadan, ele se tornou um dos membros fundadores de um clube de artistas chamado Mbari Mbayo e foi influenciado por um estudioso alemão chamado Ulli Beier. Mais tarde, ele replicou o clube em Oṣogbo, e tornou-se o principal grupo para promover artistas e dramaturgos iniciantes em Oṣogbo. Ao longo de sua carreira, Duro Ladipọ escreveu dez óperas folclóricas iorubás combinando dança, música, mímica, provérbios, percussão e canções de louvor.

Ladipo iniciou seu grupo de teatro pessoal em 1961, mas se estabeleceu totalmente com a fundação do Mbari Mbayo Club em Oṣogbo. Sua popularidade como líder de um grupo de ópera folclórica se deve a suas três peças: Ọ bamoro em 1962, Ọ ba ko so e Ọ ba Waja em 1964. Ọ ba Waja - "O rei está morto" - é baseado no mesmo evento histórico que inspirou o também dramaturgo nigeriano Wọle Ṣoyinka's Death and the King's Horseman.) Ele também promoveu Mọremi, uma peça sobre a ancestral iorubá de mesmo nome. Mais tarde, transformou Mbari Mbayo em um centro cultural, uma galeria de artes e um ponto de encontro para jovens artistas que buscam desenvolver seus talentos. Duro Ladipọ escreveu várias peças, como Suru Baba Iwa" e "Tanimowo Iku". Algumas de suas peças também foram produzidas para a televisão. Na verdade, ele criou Bode Wasinimi para a Autoridade de Televisão da Nigéria, Ibadan.

Em 1977, Duro Ladipo participou do FESTAC '77, o Segundo Festival Mundial de Arte e Cultura Negra e Africana, em Lagos, Nigéria.

Vida pessoal
Apesar de sua formação cristã, Ladipo era polígamo e tinha três esposas e cerca de quinze filhos. Em 1964, ele se casou com Abiodun Duro-Ladipo, sua terceira esposa, e ela se tornou membro permanente da trupe. Ela ganhou fama como atriz, assumindo papéis principais em todas as peças encenadas pela companhia. Ele morreu em 11 de março de 1978, aos 51 anos, após uma curta doença. Diz-se que quando ele morreu os céus se abriram e caiu uma chuva repentina com raios e trovões. Isso foi interpretado como um sinal de que Xangô, o deus do trovão e personagem principal de sua obra mais famosa, o acolheu nos céus.

Notas

Referências

Pós-colonialismo
Mortos em 1978
Nascidos em 1931
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Negres)

Duro Ladipo


Universal Robots er en robotvirksomhed fra Odense, Danmark.

Robotteknologivirksomheder
Etableret i 2005
Virksomheder i Odense

Universal Robots


Terrible Lie es una canción de Nine Inch Nails, lanzada en su disco debut Pretty Hate Machine.

Canción
Es la segunda pista del disco Pretty Hate Machine y se encuentra unida a la primera pista Head Like a Hole. Es una canción que se encuentra presente en casi todos los conciertos de Nine Inch Nails desde su debut en vivo. Siempre es tocada al inicio de los conciertos, junto a la canción Sin, lo que se demuestra en el DVD And All That Could Have Been.

Referencias

Canciones de Nine Inch Nails

Terrible Lie


Commedia all'italiana este denumirea genului de filme italiene de comedie de la sfârșitul anilor 1950 și 1960. Aceste comedii aveau tema principală, adesea cu ton satiric, obiceiurile cetățenilor din clasa de mijloc. Unul din primele filme ale acestui gen, poate fi considerat Divorț italian (Divorzio all'italiana, 1961) a lui Pietro Germi. În titlul filmului apare prima dată expresia "all'italiana", care ulterior se va extinde la filmele din aceasta perioadă ale cinematografiei italiene.

Reprezentanții de seamă ai acestui gen, alături de Pietro Germi, au fost regizorii Mario Monicelli, Dino Risi, Luigi Comencini, Steno și Pasquale Festa Campanile. Actorii Totò, Alberto Sordi, Vittorio Gassman, Ugo Tognazzi, Monica Vitti, Marcello Mastroianni, Nino Manfredi și Claudia Cardinale au fost protagoniștii acestor filme.

Un citat în legătură cu definirea genului (dintr-un interviu):

Filme reprezentative
 1958 Veșnicii necunoscuți (I soliti ignoti), de Mario Monicelli cu Vittorio Gassman, Marcello Mastroianni, Renato Salvatori, Totò
 1959 Marele război (La grande guerra), de Mario Monicelli cu Vittorio Gassman, Alberto Sordi
 1960 Cu toții acasă (Tutti a casa), de Luigi Comencini cu Alberto Sordi, Serge Reggiani
 1960 Crima (Crimen), de Mario Camerini cu Alberto Sordi, Vittorio Gassman, Nino Manfredi, Silvana Mangano
 1960 Gardianul (Il vigile), de Luigi Zampa, cu Alberto Sordi, Vittorio De Sica
 1961 Divorț italian (Divorzio all'italiana), de Pietro Germi cu Marcello Mastroianni, Daniela Rocca, Stefania Sandrelli, Leopoldo Trieste
 1961 Federalul (Il federale), de Luciano Salce cu Ugo Tognazzi
 1961 Viață dificilă (Una vita difficile), de Dino Risi cu Alberto Sordi, Lea Massari
 1962 Depășirea (Il sorpasso), de Dino Risi cu Vittorio Gassman și Jean-Louis Trintignant
 1962 Ani clocotitori (Gli anni ruggenti), de Luigi Zampa cu Nino Manfredi și Gino Cervi
 1963 O afacere (Il boom), de Vittorio De Sica cu Alberto Sordi, Gianna Maria Canale, Ettore Geri
 1963 Monștrii (I mostri), de Dino Risi cu Ugo Tognazzi, Michèle Mercier și Marisa Merlini
 1964 Sedusă și abandonată (Sedotta e abbandonata), de Pietro Germi cu Saro Urzì, Leopoldo Trieste, Stefania Sandrelli
 1964 Căsătorie în stil italian (Matrimonio all'italiana), de Vittorio De Sica cu Marcello Mastroianni, Sophia Loren
 1965 Made in Italy (Made in Italy), de Nanni Loy cu Lando Buzzanca, Walter Chiari, Aldo Fabrizi, Catherine Spaak, Sylva Koscina, Nino Manfredi, Peppino De Filippo, Alberto Sordi, Anna Magnani
 1966 Armata Brancaleone (L'armata Brancaleone), de Mario Monicelli cu Vittorio Gassman, Enrico Maria Salerno, Gian Maria Volonté, Catherine Spaak
 1968 Fata cu pistolul (La ragazza con la pistola), de Mario Monicelli cu Monica Vitti
 1968 Medicul de la asigurări (Il medico della mutua), de Luigi Zampa cu Alberto Sordi
 1968 Creola, ochii-ți ard ca flacăra (Straziami ma di baci saziami) de Dino Risi cu Nino Manfredi, Pamela Tiffin, Ugo Tognazzi, Moira Orfei
 1969 Anul carbonarilor (Nell'anno del Signore), de Luigi Magni cu Nino Manfredi, Claudia Cardinale, Enrico Maria Salerno, Ugo Tognazzi, Alberto Sordi
 1971 Frumos, onest, emigrat în Australia (Bello, onesto, emigrato Australia sposerebbe compaesana illibata), de Luigi Zampa cu Alberto Sordi, Claudia Cardinale
 1972 Jocul de cărți (Lo scopone scientifico), de Luigi Comencini cu Alberto Sordi, Silvana Mangano, Bette Davis
 1973 Pâine și ciocolată (Pane e cioccolata), de Franco Brusati cu Nino Manfredi și Anna Karina
 1974 Cât de mult ne-am iubit (C'eravamo tanto amati), de Ettore Scola cu Vittorio Gassman, Nino Manfredi, Stefania Sandrelli
 1974 Parfum de femeie (Profumo di donna), de Dino Risi cu Vittorio Gassman, Agostina Belli
 1974 Polițista (La poliziotta), de Steno, cu Mariangela Melato, Renato Pozzetto
 1975 Prietenii mei (Amici miei) de Mario Monicelli cu Ugo Tognazzi, Gastone Moschin, Philippe Noiret, Adolfo Celi
 1980 Café Express, de Nanny Loy, cu Nino Manfredi, Adolfo Celi, Vittorio Caprioli

Referințe

Bibliografie

Filme italiene
Filme de comedie
Genuri de filme
Cinematografia italiană

Commedia all'italiana


Mr. Dressup is a Canadian children's television series, starring Ernie Coombs, a former understudy of Fred Rogers, in the title role. It originally ran on CBC from 1967 to 1996, soon becoming an iconic presence in Canadian media.

Production
Mr. Dressup was developed and produced by Daniel McCarthy, who later became the head of children's programming for CBC Television, as a replacement for Butternut Square, on which Mr. Dressup had been a featured  character.

Premise

The series starred the actor Ernie Coombs as Mr. Dressup. The show aired every weekday morning, Mr. Dressup would lead children through a series of songs, stories, arts, crafts and imagination games, with the help of his puppet friends - a child named Casey and a dog  named Finnegan - who lived with him and often played in the tree-house in Mr. Dressup's backyard. Some critics likened the series to the American series Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, which started being broadcast a year later in 1968 on the U.S. network PBS and was produced by Coombs' former professional associate, Fred Rogers. Judith Lawrence was the puppeteer who created Casey and Finnegan, along with other occasional puppet visitors such as Alligator Al and Aunt Bird.

The set for the show included the inside of Mr. Dressup's house, with scenes shot in the living room, kitchen and a play room. This included the Tickle Trunk (where costumes used in make-believe skits were stored) and a long counter where Casey and Finnegan often appeared. Sometimes, the action moved outside to Casey's and Finnegan's tree house. Typically during a segment, Mr. Dressup would get a costume from the Tickle Trunk, such as one for an animal, policeman or fireman. Donning the costume, he would play the suggested role. Occasionally, when the Tickle Trunk would not open, Mr. Dressup sang a song and tickled the lock, hence its name. The trunk appeared to be magical as it always had the right costumes, in the right sizes, neatly folded at the top of the piles of costumes. Occasionally, Mr. Dressup would need to make an accessory for his costume, which would lead to a craft. Mr. Dressup usually drew or made a craft and would sing a song with the puppets. On occasion, Mr. Dressup would also read a book or show a short documentary to the audience. The films were usually silent and Mr. Dressup would narrate. He often drew pictures on his drawing board to either illustrate a short story or to play a game with one of his visitors. He would frequently encourage children to try the craft at home or to sing along with the songs.

In later years, Judith Lawrence chose to retire from the show. Rather than cast a new puppeteer in the roles of Casey and Finnegan, a team of new puppeteers was brought in. They hired Karen Valleau (Chester the Crow), Nina Keogh (Truffles), Jani Lauzon (Granny), Ruth Danziger (Annie), Jim Parker (Alex), and Bob Dermer (Lorenzo the Raccoon). These new characters visited Mr. Dressup and over time, became the lead puppet characters, with Casey and Finnegan gradually being removed from the show. This was done gradually for a transition before Lawrence's retirement.

When Casey and Finnegan stopped appearing on the show, an announcement was made that they were attending kindergarten. With the new characters came new sets, including the community centre. During the last 10 years of the show, singer, musician and Yo-Yo champion Mark Kersey appeared as recurring character "Mark the Repairman".

Conclusion
The final episode of Mr. Dressup was taped on February 14, 1996, though Coombs, Valleau, and Keogh returned to star in the 2½ hour long Mr. Dressup's Holiday Special for CBC in 1997, where Mr. Dressup played Santa Claus at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto while showing other Christmas specials and Canadian short cartoons. Coombs spent most of the next few years touring college campuses giving talks about his time on the show aimed at students who grew up with his series. He died of a stroke at the age of 73, on September 18, 2001, in Toronto, Ontario.

Legacy and honors
Rebroadcasts of the series continued for a decade after it ended, until CBC announced that it was taking Mr. Dressup out of its weekday morning lineup and moving it to Sunday mornings, effective July 3, 2006. The final repeat aired on September 3, 2006. In 2017, episodes from the series were included on encore+, a YouTube channel run by the Canada Media Fund and Google Canada. Although the five episodes made available on YouTube in 2017 were deleted in June 2018, they were re-posted a month later in July 2018.

A three DVD box set of selected episodes, entitled Mr. Dressup: Tickle Trunk Treasures, was released in 2002, with Judith Lawrence coming out of retirement to play Casey & Finnegan in new introductions for the set.

Due to the long run of the series, several generations of Canadian children, as well as Americans growing up in northern United States regions that received the CBC signal, grew up watching Mr. Dressup and his adventures. Ernie Coombs and the character of Mr. Dressup have become strong Canadian icons and a part of Canadian pop culture.

In 2010 two elements of the series were preserved for public viewing. They were Casey's tree house, which is on display in the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Downtown Toronto, and the Tickle Trunk (with assorted props), which was previously on display in the CBC Museum, close to where the tree house is located. The Tickle Trunk was not placed in another museum after the CBC Museum closed.

On November 26, 2012, Mr. Dressup (along with Casey and Finnegan) were featured in a Google Doodle on the Canadian Google website as a tribute to Coombs' 85th birthday.

In September 2022, Amazon Prime Video greenlit a documentary about the show. Mr. Dressup: The Magic of Make-Believe, directed by Robert McCallum, premiered at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the People's Choice Award for Documentaries.  The widely anticipated documentary premiered on Amazon Prime October 10, 2023.

In coverage of the documentary, McCallum also highlighted the significance of Casey, as a child character whose gender was never specified within the show, as a pioneer of LGBTQ representation in children's television. Lawrence, Casey's creator and puppeteer, acknowledged that she had deliberately created Casey as a character that both little boys and little girls could relate to, and stated in the film that whenever she was asked if Casey was a boy or a girl, she would always just answer "yes".

Discography
 Mr. Dress Up (1970)
 Mr. Dressup: Happy Birthday Alligator Al (1976)
 Mr. Dressup and Friends: For a Song (1979)
 Wake Up Mr. Dressup! (1982)

References

External links
 The Mr. Dressup Pictures and Sound Page by Buffalonian Steve Cichon

1967 Canadian television series debuts
1996 Canadian television series endings
CBC Television original programming
Canadian Screen Award-winning television shows
Canadian television shows featuring puppetry
Television shows filmed in Toronto
1960s Canadian children's television series
1970s Canadian children's television series
1980s Canadian children's television series
1990s Canadian children's television series

Mr. Dressup


بلدية موراليخا ، هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة قصرش والتي تقع في منطقة إكستريمادورا، غرب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 7.919 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2007). وتبلغ مساحتها 147.6 كم2،و بذلك تكون الكثافة السكانية 53,65 نسمة/كم2. يبلغ ارتفاعها 261 م عن سطح البحر.

وصلات خارجية
 موقع رسمي

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في قصرش
بلديات قصرش

موراليخا