A multilayer passive circuit topology is disclosed. In one embodiment, a multilayer circuit is provided. The multilayer circuit comprises a multilayer inductor comprising a first set of parallel conductive traces formed on a first layer, a second set of parallel conductive traces formed on a second layer spaced apart from the first layer; and a plurality of vias that connect respective parallel conductive traces from the first and second layer to form inductor windings. The multilayer circuit further comprises a multilayer capacitor connected to an end of the inductor by a coupling via, the capacitor comprising a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate being spaced apart from one another and being formed on different layers.

RF and IF filters are typically used in RF Communications Transceivers (Transmitters and Receivers) for pre- or post-selection of desired signals. Filters are typically sub-octave and enhance receiver (RX) selectivity by rejecting unwanted signals at image frequencies and other points of spurious sensitivity. For a transmitter (TX), filters reject unwanted spurious and harmonics prior to final RF power amplification. Filters are also used at intermediate frequencies in both up/down conversion architecture to reject unwanted signals, as described above.
In a harsh environment, filter response is required to roll-off rapidly outside the band of interest, necessitating a high order filter. In addition, in-band loss must be minimized through the filter to minimize signal degradation. These two requirements drive precision (less than 2% tolerance), high-Q (Quality factor) inductors and capacitor lumped element implementations. Such elements typically have Q's greater than 100 and are typically required for narrow band or high rejection stopband/selectivity performance. Typically, high performance lumped filters require significant touch labor for assembly and tuning. Typical integrated microwave assemblies (IMA) use LC (inductor-capacitor) filters utilizing air core solenoid wire inductors (air or wrapped coil-forms) and parallel plate capacitors that are hand trimmed and tuned, as surface mount components usually do not have the required precision, nor the necessary Q. The latter is especially pertinent to smaller solenoidal SMT inductors, usually attaining precision between 2% to 5% and Q's less than 100 for optimal small sizes. Other implementations of solenoidal inductors are referenced in U.S. Pat. No. 7,088,215, entitled, "Embedded Duo Planar Printed Inductor", the entire content of which is hereby incorporated herein. Although providing desirable operations, this approach provides for part of a printed substrate using expensive materials, such as low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC). In certain cost sensitive applications, a lower cost material set may be desired with high yield and without added human tuning requirements.
The complexity of hand tuned filters increases exponentially with the order of the filter. In addition, hand tuned lumped filters are packaged to ensure electrical performance and isolation. Highest Q inductors are typically constructed with air cores and require large volumes. Consequently inductor diameters for lower frequency filter applications (below 1 GHz) are large and result in package heights to greater than 0.25 inches. This height is unacceptable for many compact filter requirements. In addition, tight packing densities induce interaction with other inductor elements, reducing performance and increasing tuning complexities. Additional walls are thus typically added for effective isolation and/or rejection, increasing complexity and adding cost and size.


A refreshment bar includes one embodiment of a cooling or heating apparatus for food and/or beverage containers. The apparatus maintains a food or beverage container placed on one of the plates at a desired cold or hot temperature relative to the bar surface temperature and ambient temperature. The apparatus includes thermally conductive plates, for example stainless steel disks, positioned in recesses such that the upper surfaces of the plates are coplanar with the top surface of the bar, thereby providing a level surface. A thermal exchanger system is used to cool or heat the plates. The system includes a reservoir containing a thermal element and a thermal transfer fluid. The reservoir is located adjacent the lower surface of the bar top. The plates are thermally coupled to the thermal transfer fluid and thermal element, thereby cooling or heating the plates.

The present invention relates to thermal surfaces, and particularly, to cold and hot plates associated with food and beverages.
Restaurants, lounges, coffee bars, and other food and beverage service locations often utilize warmers and coolers to maintain food and beverages at a desired temperature until served to patrons. However, such temperature control equipment is generally not suitable or available for patrons' use while consuming food and beverages. One configuration that is available for cooling beverages at a bar is an ice bar. An ice bar includes a sheet of ice covering substantially the entire upper surface of the bar. Another configuration that is available for heating beverages is an electric hot pad designed to rest on the upper support surface of a furniture top. Such hot pads provide a heated surface that is elevated above the upper support surface and upon which a mug or other beverage container can be placed to keep the beverage hot.

Bar with multiple integral beverage thermal plates


The .beta.-subunit of human nerve growth factor (.beta.NGF) is prepared in essentially pure form in commercially viable quantities using recombinant DNA technology. The nucleotide sequence and vectors encoding human .beta.NGF and host cells transformed with the vectors are also provided.

A. Nerve Growth Factor
A multi-component protein of molecular weight .about.130,000 has been isolated from mouse salivary glands, it being particularly concentrated in the glands of male mice, which is commonly referred to as "Nerve Growth Factor." The principal neural activity exhibited by the protein has been its ability to cause an increase in the size of sensory neurons, nerve cells which transmit impulses from sensory receptors to the brain, and in the size of sympathetic neurons, one of the two kinds of neurons which make up the autonomic nervous system which regulates the functional activity of the circulatory system, the glands, smooth muscles and other organs.
NGF as obtained by extraction at neutral pH from mouse salivary glands is known as 7S NGF and is made up of three subunits termed .alpha., .beta., .gamma. subunits. All of the neural activity of 7S NGF is exhibited by the .beta. subunit, a dimer of two identical 118 amino acid peptides bound together by non-covalent forces. This subunit is also referred to as 2.5S NGF. The .alpha.- subunit has no known biological activity. The .gamma.-subunit, however, is an arginine esteropeptidase. The initial genetic product in the synthesis of NGF is a prepro-NGF polypeptide which is cleaved by the .gamma.-subunit. The .gamma.-subunit has also been shown to accelerate wound healing in mice.
Recently, a third NGF component (M. wt. .about.116,000) has been reported to have been isolated from mouse salivary glands and to have shown to exhibit the property of being a plasminogen activator, i.e., it converts plasminogen to plasmin, suggesting its utility in the lysis of blood clots. See European Patent Application "Nerve Growth Factor and Process For Obtaining It" 78300656.2 (Publication No. 0002139Al) filed Nov. 22, 1978, published May 30, 1979.
As indicated above, the neural activity of NGF is exhibited by the .beta.-subunit (hereinafter .beta.NGF). It has been shown to stimulate markedly regenerative resprouting of transected axons of central adrenergic neurons, a property which makes it useful in the repair of damaged axons.

Human nerve growth factor by recombinant technology


A commutation circuit for a switched reluctance electric motor. Each phase coil in the motor discharges through a resistance. The resistance is progressively increased during discharge, to thereby decrease the overall time required for full discharge. This decrease in discharge time allows each phase coil to pass current for a longer time, thereby increasing torque which the motor produces.

Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs) are commonly used in automotive applications, such as in window-lift devices, blowers, power seat adjustors, and hydraulic pump motors for anti-lock braking systems. SRMs possess advantages over brush-type motors, in the respects of (1) being more durable and (2) providing torque and speed characteristics which do not significantly change with temperature.
However, SRMs possess three disadvantages. One is that many of them do not deliver the maximum power which is theoretically available. A second is that they require large numbers of power transistors and power diodes, which are expensive. A third is that they produce audible noise. These disadvantages will be examined, with reference to FIGS. 1-5.
FIG. 1A illustrates a stator 3 in an SRM. Coils C.sub.A represent one phase of the motor. Similar coils are installed in the phases represented by dotted lines 6 and 9, but are not shown for ease of illustration. FIG. 1B shows a rotor 12 installed in the SRM.
FIG. 2 illustrates a prior-art switching circuit 14 for controlling current through the phases of the SRM. Inductance L.sub.A represents the coils C.sub.A, as indicated. Inductances L.sub.B and L.sub.C represent the inductances of the other phases 6 and 9 in FIG. 1A.
Assume that the SRM is running, and that rotor 12 is rotating counterclockwise, as indicated by the curved arrow in FIG. 3A. As pole P approaches coil C.sub.A, current is initiated in that coil preferably when pole P is approximately mid-way between coil C.sub.B and coil C.sub.A, that is, when angle A equals 30 degrees.
This energization is accomplished by turning transistors Q1 and Q2 ON in FIG. 3B, thereby allowing current I to flow through inductance L.sub.A, which represents coil C.sub.A. The turn-on of transistors Q1 and Q2 is accomplished by a control system known in the art, but not shown. An exemplary control system is the Harris Semiconductor gate-drive controller number D469A.
In order to obtain maximum torque from rotor 12 for the maximum angular rotation, the current in coil C.sub.A should then be terminated when pole P in FIG. 3A becomes perfectly aligned with coil C.sub.A, that is, when angle A equals zero. This termination is called "commutation." Termination should not, in theory, occur either before or after the aligned position is reached.
If termination occurs after alignment, the motor will begin acting as a generator, and will apply negative torque to the rotor 12, thereby reducing average power applied to the rotor. (From another point of view, after pole P reaches the aligned position, the still-energized coil C.sub.A tends to "pull" pole P backward.)
If termination occurs prior to the aligned position, maximum torque would not be applied through the entire rotor angle A shown in FIG. 3A, which is required to deliver maximum average power to the rotor 12.
However, it is not possible to apply full current through the full angle A in FIG. 3A, and then terminate the current instantaneously. The primary reason is that the inductance of coil C.sub.A has been steadily increasing since turn-on of transistors Q1 and Q2, because the air-gap between coil C.sub.A and the pole P has been decreasing. The inductance L.sub.A is relatively large when pole P approaches coil C.sub.A.
This large inductance prevents instantaneous termination of the current I in FIG. 3B. That is, in general, current in an inductance does not decay instantaneously, but decays exponentially. A large inductance causes the rate of decay to be slow, compared with the rate of decay for a small inductance. (In contrast, when the current was initiated in coil C.sub.A, as in FIG. 3B, the inductance of coil C.sub.A was significantly less. The delay imposed in initiating the current was correspondingly shorter, and, for present purposes, is considered negligible.)
Consequently, to allow for the delay required by the exponential decay, transistors Q1 and Q2 in FIG. 4 are turned OFF prematurely, before pole P reaches the aligned position, such as at angle A2. Upon turn-off, the current I decays through the path shown in the circuit, through diodes D1 and D2, and then either (a) returns to the battery B or (b) travels to one of the other inductors L, or a combination of (a) and (b).
The premature turn-off of transistors Q1 and Q2 can reduce power delivered by the motor from the theoretical maximum, as will be shown by computing the angle A2 at which turn-off occurs in the prior art.
In practice, in many automotive SRMs, the discharge time for inductor L.sub.A in FIG. 4 lies in the range of 400 micro-seconds. A motor running at 3600 rpm requires 1/60 second, or 16,667 micro-seconds, to complete a single revolution. At this speed, 400 micro-seconds represents 2.3 percent of one revolution, or 8.3 degrees.
If angle A in FIG. 3A is 30 degrees, and if termination of the current must occur 8.3 degrees (which is angle A2 in FIG. 4) prior to the aligned position, then full current persists for only 22.7 degrees, compared with the 30 degrees which are theoretically available. Full torque is applied for only 22.7/30, or 75 percent of the rotor's travel.
Thus, the premature termination of the current, which is required by the inductance of coil C.sub.A, causes a reduction in output power of the motor.
Regarding the noise mentioned above, the coils C.sub.A in FIG. 4 produce magnetic field lines B. These field lines tend to "squeeze" the iron from which the stator 3 is constructed, and applies a type of hoop stress to the stator 3. However, when the current through the coils C.sub.A abruptly terminates in commutation, the "squeezing" also abruptly terminates, allowing the iron to relax, thereby creating an audible noise pulse.
The sequence of commutation events which occurs in a running motor causes a sequence of these noise pulses.
Therefore, the commutation circuit shown in FIG. 2 fails to deliver maximum power in the motor, and also produces noise. In addition, the circuit requires two transistors, plus two diodes, for each coil, for a total of six transistors and six diodes for the three-phase machine shown in FIG. 4. These components are somewhat expensive, because they must be designed to withstand (a) relatively high currents, and (b) relatively high voltage surges during the commutation cycle.

Commutation circuit for switched-reluctance motor


Soft capsules coated with an enteric coating comprising a 1:1 copolymer of methacrylic acid and methyl or ethyl acrylate or methyl or ethyl methacrylate and a plasticizer without need for a subcoating and optionally additionally coated with a protective coating comprising hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose or a mixture thereof and a plasticizer and method of preparation thereof are disclosed.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to soft capsules coated with an enteric coating without need for a subcoating and optionally additionally coated with a protective coating and method of preparation thereof.
2. Information Disclosure Statement
Enteric coating of soft capsules has heretofore required a glidant such as talc to prevent agglomeration of the capsules and a subcoating to stiffen the capsules and thereby prevent distortion thereof during coating. The prior art does not describe or suggest any means of overcoming either problem. The presently described and claimed invention overcomes both of them.
A Rohm Pharma product brochure entitled "Eudragit L 30 D--Aqueous Acrylic Resin Dispersion--Application in the Production of Pharmaceutical Preparations" (Info LD-1/e, pages 1-7 and Info LD-2/e, two pages) describes EUDRAGIT L 30 D and use thereof as follows:
EUDRAGIT L 30 D is utilised predominantly for covering orally administered pharmaceutical dosage forms, particularly tablets, pills and capsules, with coatings which are resistant to gastric juice but soluble in intestinal juice.
EUDRAGIT L 30 D is a copolymer, anionic in character, based on polymethylacrylic acid and acrylic acid esters.
The ratio of the free carboxyl groups to the ester groups is 1:1.
The mean molecular weight is 250 000.
EUDRAGIT L 30 D is supplied as an aqueous dispersion containing 30% w/w of dry lacquer substance.
To achieve coatings which are resistant to gastric juice, it is necessary to apply lacquer containing 3 to 6 mg of dry substance per sq. cm of tablet surface. For enteric coatings with delayed drug release in the intestine, larger quantities of lacquer will possibly need to be applied. In certain cases, EUDRAGIT L 30 D containing 30% w/w of dry lacquer substance can be employed undiluted, possibly for granulation purposes, to isolate porous cores or in fraction application.
Uniform and smooth film coatings are obtained by spray application; this process requires that the dispersion be diluted to some 20% w/w with water. To enhance the elasticity of the EUDRAGIT L 30 D films, the addition of plasticisers is strongly recommended. Polyethylene glycols, propylene glycol, triacetin and dibutyl phthalate, citric acid esters have proved suitable as plasticisers. The addition of 10% w/w of plasticiser, calculated on the dry lacquer substance content, is generally adequate. Where required, this can be increased to 20-25% without adversely affecting the specific solubility characteristics of the lacquer film. The addition of a small quantity of talc reduces the tendency of EUDRAGIT L 30 D to agglutinate during the application process and helps to make the surface of the film smooth. Belanger et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,047,258, which issued Sep. 10, 1991, describes
[a] method of preventing pharmaceutical dosage forms from adhering during spray coating, comprising: spraying said pharmaceutical dosage forms in the absence of glidant [especially talc] with a mixture consisting essentially of a one to one copolymer of ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid and a plasticizer in air having an inlet dew point below about 10.degree. C. and an inlet temperature between about 35.degree. C. and about 60.degree. C. PA1 a subcoating composition consisting essentially of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose about 4%-9%, polyethylene glycol about 0.5%-1% with the remainder water in an [a]mount sufficient to increase the total weight of said shell by about 8%-10%, and thereafter applying one or more continuous coating layers to said shell comprising a known hard tablet coating composition selected from the group consisting of: waterproofing and sealing compounds, smoothing compounds, coloring and finishing compounds, polishing compounds, cellulose polymer film compositions, compression coating compositions, and enteric coating compounds, wherein said subcoating is applied to said capsule shell using standard spraying techniques at a temperature below the distortion temperature of the capsule shell thereby essentially eliminating deformation of the capsule shell during the manufacturing process and capsules prepared by the process. The preferred enteric coating composition is 12-18% of polyvinyl acetate phthalate, 0.25-0.35% concentrated ammonium hydroxide and water to make 100%.
The term "pharmaceutical dosage forms" is not explicitly defined. The specification states that the invention relates to a process for the spray-coating of "tablets, pills, and the like" and illustrates the invention only by tablets in the examples.
Matthews et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,259, which issued Mar. 28, 1989, describes a process for making coated soft gelatin capsules including enteric coated soft gelatin capsules comprising first coating the capsule shell with

Enteric coated soft capsules and method of preparation thereof


Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method and related network node including one or more of the following: identifying a hardware failure of a failed component of a plurality of hardware components; determining a set of agent devices currently configured to utilize the failed component; reconfiguring an agent device to utilize a working component of the plurality of hardware components. Various exemplary embodiments additionally or alternatively relate to a method and related network node including one or more of the following: projecting a failure date for the hardware module; determining whether the projected failure date is acceptable based on a target replacement date for the hardware module; if the projected failure date is not acceptable: selecting a parameter adjustment for a hardware component, wherein the parameter adjustment is selected to move the projected failure date closer to the target replacement date, and applying the parameter adjustment to the hardware component.

The rise of technologies such as virtualization and cloud computing has facilitated moving various applications previously associated with dedicated and standalone hardware onto machines providing shared hardware resources. This so-called "server consolidation" allows for a fuller utilization of available resources and, therefore, a decreased cost associated with underutilized resources. For example, energy consumption, floor space, and other server costs may be reduced by retiring servers that were previously only lightly utilized.
Server consolidation can lead to various unwanted effects, however. The increased utilization of hardware resources can increase the hardware's failure rate. These failures may then impact applications utilizing the hardware. Further, under current architectures, when a hardware component of a field replaceable unit (FRU), such as a blade or rack mount server fails, the, unit often must be replaced or repaired, removing the resources associated with the unit from the pool of resources available for application execution, even though most hardware components of the server may remain operational.


Technology to reduce the manufacturing cost of a manufacturing process of a light emitting device is provided. The manufacturing cost of a device using a light emitting element can be reduced by using a multilayout process for forming a plurality of light emitting devices from a large-sized substrate. In particular, an existing line for manufacturing liquid crystal cells can be diverted to a process of encapsulating light emitting elements, which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost including the investment in plant and equipment.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a light emitting device having an element in which a light emitting material is sandwiched between electrodes (hereinafter referred to as light emitting element), and to a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a light emitting device using a light emitting material with which EL (electro luminescence) can be obtained (hereinafter referred to as EL material).
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent years, a light emitting device (hereinafter referred to as EL display device) using light emitting elements utilizing an EL phenomenon of a light emitting material (hereinafter referred to as EL element) has been advancing. The light emitting element of an EL display device itself can emit light. Accordingly, differently from a liquid crystal display, no back light is necessary. Further, since the viewing angle thereof is wide, the EL display devices are suitable for outdoor uses.
Light emitting materials that can be used for an EL element include inorganic materials and organic materials. In recent years, organic materials which can be driven with low driving voltage, have been attracting attention. However, when the organic material is used for the EL element, there is a problem in that deterioration thereof develops rapidly. Since the organic material is oxidized, the efficiency of recombination of carriers becomes extremely worse, and thus, the EL phenomenon can not be obtained.
For the purpose of preventing the deterioration of the organic material used for an EL element, various ideas have been attempted. Generally, a method is known in which an EL element is covered with a ceramic material or a metal material to seal up the EL element in a space to shut out the outside air. EL displays manufactured by Tohoku Pioneer Co., Ltd. employ this method. Tohoku Pioneer Co., Ltd. provides a drying agent in the space.
Further, as the other means, technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open Nos. Hei 9-35868 and 11-54285 are known.

Light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same

Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.


Methods and apparatus are disclosed for integrating a workflow with logical data objects (LDOs), which expose their own external access methods and hide underlying data items. An interactive workflow specification can be authored by visual programming, and the workflow can be performed at a workstation via a graphical user interface. The visually-programmed specification can be automatically converted to markup language statements invoking ABAP calls to the LDOs' access methods. Underlying organization of LDO data can be transparent to reads and writes of the LDO data during workflow performance. Other aspects are described, including configuration of the authoring interface, launching the workflow, and text analytics.

Software continues to evolve with increasing levels of integration. Conventionally, custom programming has been required to connect web-based and other applications to back-end databases and logic. Such a methodology can be cumbersome, error-prone, and subject to extensive software debugging.
Accordingly, there remains a need for technology to integrate advanced forms of software with associated workflows.

Integration of workflow and logical data objects using visual programming


A method and apparatus for acquiring vehicular data. An embodiment of the method includes: acquiring vehicular data of an autonomous vehicle equipped with a vehicular data acquisition device by the vehicular data acquisition device, the vehicular data comprising: a control instruction of the autonomous vehicle and sensor data from a sensor on the autonomous vehicle; encrypting the vehicular data to obtain encrypted vehicular data, and storing the encrypted vehicular data; receiving a request for acquiring vehicular data sent by a server; and sending the encrypted vehicular data to the server when the vehicle identifier is identical to a vehicle identifier of the autonomous vehicle and the device identifier is identical to a device identifier of the vehicular data acquisition device.

At present, a device for collecting driving data when a car is traveling is called a dash cam recorder. The dash cam recorder collects images when a vehicle is traveling, and can be used for determining the liability during a car accident using the collected images. However, as a third party device, the dash cam recorder fails to communicate with the vehicle's control system, and cannot acquire key vehicular data such as vehicle control instructions, resulting in failure to determine the actual operation of the vehicle at the moment of the car accident when determining the accident liability. The accident liability can only be determined by relying on the collected images.

Method and apparatus for acquiring vehicular data

Baidu Online Network Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.


Systems and methods are provided for an on-demand boost converter for use in a vehicle. An automotive drive system comprises a boost converter having an input node, a first output node associated with a first boost leg, and a second output node associated with a second boost leg. A fuel cell is coupled to the input node of the boost converter and a battery is coupled to the first output node. An inverter module is coupled to the second output node, and a vehicle traction drive unit is coupled the inverter module. A first switch is coupled between the second output node and the first output node, wherein the battery provides energy to the second output node when the first switch is closed.

In recent years, advances in technology, as well as ever evolving tastes in style, have led to substantial changes in the design of automobiles. One of the changes involves the power usage and complexity of the various electrical systems within automobiles, particularly alternative fuel vehicles, such as hybrid, electric, and fuel cell vehicles.
Many electric-powered vehicles require a high primary operating voltage, e.g., 400 volts DC. Typical fuel cells provide less than one volt DC under load. Therefore, a large number of individual fuel cells are often configured or "stacked" in series to provide a fuel cell stack capable of providing the high primary operating voltage required by the vehicle. Additionally, most fuel cell vehicles and/or systems are designed to provide all of the traction power for vehicle operation from the fuel cell stack. This results in overdesign of the fuel cell stack because it must provide the peak power needed for the vehicle. Often, sufficient stacking of fuel cells is not practical in many high-voltage applications due to cost and packaging constraints.
Power converters, such as direct current-to-direct current (DC/DC) boost converters, are typically used to raise the voltage level of a fuel cell stack and reduce the number of individual fuel cells needed in the vehicle. Often, a high-voltage battery is utilized to provide the peak power to the vehicle during periods of operation requiring traction power in excess of what the fuel cell stack can provide. The high-voltage battery may be recharged by the fuel cell stack when the vehicle traction drive unit does not require peak power. However, the high-voltage battery limits the voltage range at the converter output, and therefore these designs are inefficient during light loading conditions where vehicle does not require such high voltage.

Electrical system and automotive drive system having an on-demand boost converter, and related operating methods


A microprocessor (5) having an on-chip floating point unit (31) is disclosed. According to the disclosed embodiments, the floating-point unit (31) is arranged in pipelined fashion, and permits out-of-order execution of instructions in the event that an instruction generates an exception, such as an underflow condition. Writeback queue control circuitry (70) is provided, which includes a writeback queue buffer (74) and a multiplexer (72). The multiplexer (72) is under the control of writeback queue control logic (75), and selects either the state of the writeback bus (WB) or the contents of the writeback queue buffer (74) for application to router circuitry (54), and thus writeback to a register file (39). Upon detection of an exception, the state of the writeback bus (WB) is forwarded to the execution units (56, 58, 60) for exception handling according to microcode, with a portion of the floating-point pipeline being flushed. Other instructions may execute, however, with their results stored in writeback queue buffer (74) until completion of the reformatting of the result having the exception. The contents of the writeback queue buffer (74) may be forwarded to the router circuitry (54) for writeback, and the floating-point status word (FSW) updated, in program order. Any of the results stored in the writeback queue buffer (74) that cause an exception may similarly be handled by the microcode sequence.

Many recent advances in the field of microprocessor design and manufacture have resulted in the improved performance of modern microprocessors. These advances include, of course, improvements in manufacturing technology that have enabled faster and smaller transistors and thus faster switching and higher levels of integration. Advances have also been made in microprocessor architecture that have resulted in improved efficiency in the processing of sequences of instructions. These architectural advances include such features as pipelined instruction execution, and superscalar architectures that issue instructions in parallel for execution.
Another architectural advance resulting in improved microprocessor performance is the implementation of floating-point units (FPUs) on the same integrated circuit with the general purpose microprocessor. An on-chip FPU provides local, dedicated, high-performance circuitry for performing complex floating-point arithmetic operations, reducing the burden on the integer arithmetic logic units of the microprocessor. Typical on-chip FPUs include their own pipeline for execution of floating-point arithmetic instructions, typically with multiple execution stages, considering that floating-point add and multiply operations generally require multiple machine cycles to execute.
Both internal communication of operands between the on-chip FPU and the integer processor core, and also external communication of floating-point operands, typically follow the well-known IEEE 754 standard for single-precision, double-precision, and extended-precision floating-point formats. In normalized form, the IEEE standard implies a leading "1", so that the mantissa of the floating-point data word corresponds only to the fractional portion of the mantissa, with the exponent adjusted accordingly. Numbers having values outside of the exponent ranges specified by the IEEE standard (for a particular precision) are referred to as "denormalized" operands. For example, a number smaller than the minimum limit of the IEEE standard range may be expressed in denormalized form; in this case, a leading "0" is implied so that the mantissa expresses a fractional value less than one. The presence of a denormalized operand is generally indicated by a flag in a floating-point status word.
As is also well known in the art, conventional on-chip FPUs operate according to a fixed internal format that is at least as precise as the highest precision IEEE format used by the integer processor core. Often, the internal FPU format will be of higher precision to maintain highly precise intermediate floating-point results in the execution of multiple-pass instructions. It is therefore possible that the result of a floating-point instruction may be a number which is of a value that requires format conversion prior to its communication to the integer core of the processor, such format conversion requiring additional operations by the FFU itself. If the FPU is of pipelined architecture, the floating-point instruction that generates such a result cannot be immediately completed because format conversion is necessary before writeback. In this case, successive instructions in the FPU pipeline, which are in intermediate stages of execution, may be completed before the preceding instruction. This out-of-order completion may cause certain conflicts in the operation of the FPU, as will now be described.
Referring now to FIG. 1, an example of a conventional FPU pipeline is illustrated. This FPU pipeline may be fully performed by the on-chip FPU, or may partially be performed by the integer pipelines as in the case of the PENTIUM microprocessor available from Intel Corporation. Queue stage 200 initiates the floating-point pipeline, followed by decode stage 202 and issue stage 204. Three execution stages 206, 208, 210 execute, in pipelined fashion, floating-point instructions that have been issued from issue stage 204. In the example of FIG. 1, three instructions n, n+1, n+2 are presently being executed in stages 206, 208, 210, with instruction n being the earliest instruction in the sequence; upon completion of an instruction, the results are forwarded to a writeback stage and a floating-point status word is updated. The writeback stage presents the FPU results to the integer portion of the microprocessor, in program order.
Conflicts may be presented in the pipeline of FIG. 1 in the case where the results of instruction n would constitute a denormalized operand in the IEEE format, but where the format presented by execution stage 210 presents these results in a non-IEEE format (e.g., in normalized fashion but with additional exponent bits). This condition requires the reformatting of the results by the on-chip FPU by way of another pass through the pipeline, beginning with issue stage 204 next issuing (instead of instruction n+3) an instruction corresponding to the reformatting of the results of instruction n. As such, instruction n is not completed in the current pass illustrated in FIG. 1. However, instructions n+1, n+2 may be able to complete, for example if their results turn out not to be denormalized operands. While the out-of-order completion of instructions n+1, n+2 provides performance efficiency, an error regarding the floating-point status word can be generated in this case. This is because the floating-point status word is updated upon completion of each of instructions n+1, n+2, and is then again updated upon completion of instruction n after its reformatting is complete. While writeback of the results would be done in program order (with the proper floating-point status word value for instruction n), the floating-point status word would not be rewritten by instructions n+1, n+2 because they have already been completed. Accordingly, the status word associated with these instructions would incorrectly indicate denormalized operands, in this example. In addition, if FPU resources (such as a non-pipelined microsequencer) are required for the reformatting or other completion, additional conflicts may arise if a later instruction (n+1 or n+2) also results in a denormalized operand or other condition in which the same resource is necessary.
A conventional approach to addressing this problem would flush the entire FPU pipeline upon detecting a denormalized result from the third execution stage 210 for any instruction. Of course, this approach reduces the performance of the FPU by precluding the out-of-order execution of the later-issued instructions (e.g., instructions n+1, n+2 in FIG. 1).
By way of further background, a conventional technique used to effect out-of-order completion in pipelined architectures maintains precise exceptions by way of a reorder buffer. The reorder buffer stores the results of every operation until all prior operations are completed. This approach thus introduces overhead operations into the execution of every instruction, and may also require the implementation of a relatively large buffer into the integrated circuit.

Microprocessor with pipeline status integrity logic for handling multiple stage writeback exceptions


A short drain line extender assembly is provided for use with waste holding tanks on recreational vehicles or the like in conjunction with a removable waste discharge conduit. The extender assembly includes first rigid short, rigid fluid conduit member communicating with a holding tank of a recreational vehicle. A second rigid short, rigid fluid conduit member is telescopically mounted to the first short, rigid fluid conduit member. The second conduit member includes a first movable end secured to the first conduit member and a second distal end adapted for telescoping movement outwardly from the first conduit member. Fluid sealing members are disposed between the first and second short, rigid fluid conduit members. A mechanism is provided for guiding the second short, rigid fluid conduit member longitudinally relative to the first short, rigid fluid conduit member and includes an arrangement for preventing rotational movement between the first and second short, rigid fluid conduit members as the second short, rigid fluid conduit member telescopically moves relative to the first short, rigid fluid conduit member. A device is disposed at the second short, rigid fluid conduit member's distal end for controlling the outflow of short, rigid fluid from the holding tanks through the short, rigid fluid conduit members. Finally, a mechanism is disposed at the distal end of the second short, rigid fluid conduit member for attaching a removable waste discharge conduit.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to sewage discharge devices for recreational vehicles and, more particularly, to devices for extending the discharge device from the recreational vehicle holding tanks to a dump station site via a sewage hose or other conduit. Specifically, the present invention relates to a telescoping drain assembly extender mounted to the recreational vehicle to ease the attachment of a sewage hose or other conduit thereto.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Many types of vehicles, such as recreational vehicles, travel trailers, fifth wheelers, buses, trucks and the like have self-contained washing facilities and/or bathrooms. For ease of style these vehicles will be herein collectively referred to as "recreational vehicles" or "RVs". Such RVs include systems which store sewage/waste water until those materials can be properly disposed of. All of these types of RV,s generally utilize the same means of conducting waste to external storage tanks, dumps, or processing systems, such as those which are used in RV parks, truck/bus stops and the like. Conventional RV vehicles generally have two holding tanks, a sewage tank for receiving fluid sewage from the toilet system, and a gray water tank for receiving waste water, such as from the kitchen, bathroom sinks and shower. These two holding tanks each have a which interconnect to form a single liquid conduit drain line or drain pipe. RVs generally have an easily accessible external cabinet or storage facility which stores a length of flexible sewage discharge hose or other conduit. This discharge hose or other conduit may be manually connected to a fitting on the outlet stub of the drain pipe. The other end of the hose or other conduit is then extended to a dump fitting. Similarly, when the RV is preparing to move on, it is also necessary to handle the hose or other conduit and flush the waste from it before storing it. These processes, i.e., dumping the waste from the holding tank into the inlet receptacle of the RV dump station and disconnecting and storing the hose or other conduit, are the messiest and most dreaded aspects of using an RV. The state-of-the-art system is, at best, somewhat clumsy.
Besides the mess, the predominate problem with the traditional sewage hose or other conduit systems, in that the RV user must get on his or her knees and reach beneath the RV to attach the sewage hose or other conduit to the outlet pipe of the conduit beneath the RV. Consequently, there have been numerous devices which have been developed to increase the ease and/or reduce the clumsiness of attaching and detaching RV sewage hoses or other conduits. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,133,347; 4,223,702; 4,845,349 and 5,023,959 all disclose systems whereby the flexible discharge hoses are stored in a conduit extension member beneath the RV, and are telescopically moved therefrom when it is desired to secure the hose to a dump site. While these systems have their merits, these devices are stored permanently beneath the RV, and they still generally require the RV user to get on his or her knees to reach beneath the RV to access the sewage hose.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,915,081; 3,496,959 and 4,779,650 all disclose telescopic drain pipes that are intended for permanent mounting beneath the RV and for a lengthy extension, i.e. many feet, from the RV directly to the dump site. While this certainly eliminates the need for securing a separate sewage hose or other conduit to the outlet pipe, such long fixed telescopic devices must be stowed beneath the RV. Thus, a user must still reach beneath the RV to access these devices. Moreover, such an excessive length of drain pipes positioned beneath an RV lends itself to potential damage during movement of the RV over the road, from bumps, dips, rocks and the like.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,623,500; 4,650,224; 4,844,121 and 5,323,813 all disclose devices which are solid members stored separately within an RV and are for use in conjunction with a flexible RV hose or other conduit. These devices are intended to help support the hose or other conduit in its extension from the RV to the dump site in a variety of manners. Moreover, these devices must be separately stored like the RV sewage hose or other conduit. In addition, the user of such devices must nonetheless get on his or her knees to reach beneath the RV to secure the flexible sewage hose or other conduit.
Finally, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,554,949 and 5,141,017 disclose devices that are designed to assist in securing and/or cleaning flexible sewage hoses for RVs.
In all of the above described systems for emptying the liquid storage tanks of an RV, an RV user must still generally get on his or her knees and reach beneath an RV in order to access the RV sewage system. This process can be very cumbersome, difficult and uncomfortable at times, particularly if one is attempting to set up an RV in the dark or during inclement weather. It would be much easier to be able to access the conduit outlet from the holding tanks if such outlet were located exterior to the RV. However, this cannot be done inasmuch as such members would project beyond the side of the RV and pose a significant hazard to other vehicles and fixed objects during travel. Thus, there is still a need for a device which will eliminate the need for an RV and user to have to get on his or her knees and reach beneath an RV in order to access and hook up a sewage discharge hose or other conduit.

Drain line extender for recreational vehicles


A inkjet nozzle arrangement that has a substrate assembly defining an ink inlet and a static wall surrounding the ink inlet. A roof structure defining a movable wall arranged to telescopically engage said static wall, the roof structure further defining an ink ejection port in fluid communication with said ink inlet. A pair of actuator assemblies is mounted to the substrate assembly and the roof structure for substantially rectilinear movement of the roof structure toward the substrate assembly to eject ink through the ink ejection port.

As set out in the above referenced applications/patents, the Applicant has spent a substantial amount of time and effort in developing printheads that incorporate micro electromechanical system (MEMS)—based components to achieve the ejection of ink necessary for printing.
As a result of the Applicant's research and development, the Applicant has been able to develop printheads having one or more printhead chips that together incorporate up to 84 000 nozzle arrangements. The Applicant has also developed suitable processor technology that is capable of controlling operation of such printheads. In particular, the processor technology and the printheads are capable of cooperating to generate resolutions of 1600 dpi and higher in some cases. Examples of suitable processor technology are provided in the above referenced patent applications/patents.
The Applicant has overcome substantial difficulties in achieving the necessary ink flow and ink drop separation within the ink jet printheads.
It is generally beneficial to increase the nozzle densities on a printhead to enhance the print resolution. MEMS fabrication of the nozzles on silicon wafer allows very high nozzle density. However, the wafer is typically about 200 microns thick with the nozzle guards, ink chambers, ejection actuators and so on occupying a layer about 20 microns thick on one side. Ink supply passages must be formed through the wafer to the nozzles.
It is not practical to form the ink supply passages from the nozzle side of the wafer through to the supply side. The fabrication of other nozzle structures would require the entire supply passage to be filled with resist while the other structures were lithographically form on top. The resist subsequently needs to be stripped out of the passage. To strip a 200-micron deep passage of resist would be difficult and time consuming.
Forming the ink supply passages from the supply side of the wafer through to the nozzle side presents its own difficulties. Firstly, the precise alignment of the masking on the supply side with the ink chambers of each nozzle on the other side is difficult. At present, the best equipment available for aligning the mask have ±2 microns accuracy. Secondly, a deep etch will often deviate from a straight path because the ions in the etchant are influenced by any charged particles in the wafer. Thirdly, the plasma etchant will often track sideways along an interface between silicon wafer and dielectric material.
Misalignment of the supply passage can lead to the plasma etch contacting and damaging other components of the nozzle, for example, the drive circuitry for the ejection actuator. Furthermore, the above causes of misalignment can compound into large inaccuracies which imposes limits on the size of the nozzle structure and the spacing between nozzles. This, of course, reduces the density of nozzles and lowers the resolution.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a useful alternative to known printheads and the techniques for fabricating them. In particular the invention aims to provide a method of making printhead chips that accommodate the standard manufacturing tolerances involved while minimizing the spacing between adjacent nozzles.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Ejection nozzle with multiple bend actuators


An application "builder" generates a configuration management application for use in a distributed computing environment having at least one management server and at least one endpoint. The endpoint includes a set of endpoint data to be managed by the application. The application developer begins by creating application prototyping data for the particular management application. The application prototyping data is then imprinted on a "blank" profile object to generate a prototype application comprising a profile object and an associated database whose records contain configuration information to be applied to at least one endpoint object. After the prototype application is generated, control information derived from the prototyping data is passed from the profile object to the endpoint object to read/write the endpoint data to/from the database records and/or to modify the database records in some way. As a result of such evaluation, the application developer can test how the prototype will operate because the testing is carried out with the actual endpoint data. Thereafter, the application prototyping data is refined as necessary and the process is repeated until the prototype is adequately tested. When the application prototype data is finalized, it is again applied to the profile to generate a final profile object, which is then used to drive a source code generator to create the application.

It is known in the prior art to provide a distributed computer environment comprising up to thousands of "nodes." Typically, the nodes are geographically dispersed and the overall environment is "managed" in a distributed manner. Often, the managed environment is broken down logically into a series of loosely-connected managed regions, each with its own management server for managing local resources. The management servers coordinate activities across the enterprise and permit remote site management and operation. In one particularly advantageous environment, known as a Tivoli managed environment, each management server serves a number of gateway machines, each of which in turn support a plurality of "endpoints." An important advantage of such distributed enterprise computing environments is that a system administrator may perform distributed configuration management tasks that affect all machines in the enterprise. As a consequence, it is an important goal of system providers to create distributed configuration management applications that are useful in such enterprises. Such applications could be used for many purposes, e.g., to manage users and groups, to keep endpoint configurations synchronized, to detect and resolve conflicts between endpoint configurations, to provide printer or file system configuration management, and the like. To date, however, there has been no efficient method for enabling application developers to quickly prototype, test, preview, code and modify distributed configuration management applications.
The present invention solves this important problem.

Application development process for use in a distributed computer enterprise environment

International Business Machines Corporation


A method for determining an orientation of a line segment in a contour in a local area of a binary contour image. The number of pixels having a predetermined value and located in each orientation in the local area, is obtained, and it is determined that a line segment exists in an orientation in which the number of pixels is large. Further, when it is determined that the number of pixels located in each of a plurality of orientations and having a predetermined value, is greater than a sum of the numbers of pixels in orientations adjacent to said each orientation on both sides thereof, it is determined that a line segment exists in said each orientation. Two orientations in which large numbers of pixels are located are detected, and it is determined whether the point is a constituent of a line segment, a line segment of the sub-straight-line form, or a near-corner point, depending on angles made by the two orientations is equal to 180.degree., or a difference of the angles made by the two orientations from 180.degree.. Contiguously arrayed pixels in the same orientation are detected as a line segment. A position and an orientation are obtained from points near a corner, and representative values of the positions and orientations of contiguously arrayed near-corner points are determined. (FIG. 3)

FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating the Hough transform, which is conventionally used for extracting information on a straight line, from information on an image. According to the Hough transform, when a set of coordinates of a pixel the value of which corresponds to black (or white) of an original image is denoted by (xi, yi), curves expressed by the equations EQU .rho.=xisin.theta.+yicos.theta.,
are drawn on a .rho.-.theta.plane (FIG. 2) for all of the pixels the values of which correspond to black (or white). Since points on the same straight line on the original image (x-y plane) correspond to the same set of coordinates .rho., .theta. as indicated in FIG. 1, the above curves cross at a crossing point (.rho., .theta.) on the .rho.-.theta. plane (FIG. 2). Therefore, the straight line on the original image (x-y plane) can be obtained from the above crossing point of the curves on the .rho.-.theta. plane.
However, it is necessary to draw the curves as above for all of the points on each straight line, to obtain a straight line in accordance with the above method, and processing to obtain a crossing point is necessary for each straight line. Therefore, the amount of data processing becomes great. This great amount of data processing takes a large amount of software processing time, and large size hardware for the hardware processing.
Further, there is a drawback that only straight lines can be detected by the Hough transform, and it is impossible to detect a curve which can be locally deemed to be a line segment, but macroscopically has a curvature.

Method for determining orientation of contour line segment in local area and for determining straight line and corner


An optical unit includes a light source unit emitting parallel light; a light-receiving element array; and a prism rendering emitted light from the light source unit incident on a specimen placement section and introducing totally reflected light from the specimen placement section into the light-receiving element array. The prism has an entrance surface rendering the parallel light emitted from the light source unit incident on the prism, a curved reflecting surface which reflects light passing through the entrance surface and incident on the prism toward a focal position thereof, the specimen placement section of a planar shape provided at a position including the focal position of the curved reflecting surface, and an exit surface making light totally reflected at the focal position of the curved reflecting surface in the specimen placement section emerge into the outside of the prism.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an optical unit used in a specimen analysis for the quantitative analysis of a specimen or a substance in the specimen such as a refractive index or an immunity measured value.
2. Description of Related Art
As a conventional specimen analyzer, there is the device that light of incident angles in a preset range including the angle of total reflection (hereinafter referred to as the preset convergent light) is rendered incident on a specimen placement section and the intensity of reflected light from the specimen placement section corresponding to each of the incident angles is detected so that an incident angle where the detected intensity is abruptly changed is detected.
For such a specimen analyzer, a device that, for example, the difference of the refractive index between substances is used to make an analysis is available. In this specimen analyzer, a specimen to be examined is placed at the specimen placement section consisting of a substance with a known refractive index. The preset convergent light is then rendered incident on the surface of the specimen placement section. At this time, light incident at an angle smaller than a critical angle ceases to undergo total reflection at the surface of the specimen placement section. By detecting the incident angle in this case, the refractive index of the specimen to be examined is determined and the physical properties of the specimen to be examined can be analyzed.
Also, for example, in a specimen analyzer utilizing the occurrence of surface plasmon, the specimen placement section is provided with a metal film on its surface. The specimen to be examined is placed on the metal film of the specimen placement section and the preset convergent light is rendered incident on the surface of the metal film. Here, when the light is incident at angles exceeding the critical angle, an evanescent wave having electric field distribution is produced at an interface between the metal film and the specimen to be examined. The surface plasmon is excited on the metal film by the evanescent wave. In addition, with respect to light incident at a particular incident angle, of light incident at the angles exceeding the critical angle, the evanescent wave and the surface plasmon cause wave number matching to bring about a resonance state. In this resonance state, the energy of light is transferred to the surface plasmon. As a result, in the light incident at the particular incident angle, the intensity of reflected light is rapidly decreased. Thus, by detecting the incident angle where the intensity of the reflected light is rapidly decreased, the wave number of the surface plasmon is determined and the physical properties of the specimen to be examined can be analyzed.
As the specimen analyzer utilizing the occurrence of the surface plasmon, a device set forth in Japanese Patent Kokai No. 2005-337940 is disclosed.
The specimen analyzer of Kokai No. 2005-337940, as shown in FIG. 1, is constructed with a light source section, a lens 55, a transparent substrate 56, and a photodetector 58. The light source section has a laser light irradiating device 51, an optical fiber 52, a collimation lens 53, and a strip-shaped aperture (not shown) provided to a mirror 54. In Kokai No. 2005-337940, parallel light P1 from the light source section is converted into convergent light through the lens 55. On the opposite surface of the transparent substrate 56 on which a specimen (not shown) is placed, a metal film 57 is deposited. The surface of the metal film 57 is irradiated with the convergent light. Totally reflected light is collected through the lens 55. The collected light is converted into parallel light P2 that travels in a direction opposite to that of the parallel light from the light source section and is detected by the photodetector 58.
In the conventional specimen analyzer, like that of Kokai No. 2005-337940, the parallel light from the light source section has been converted into convergent light through the lens when an examination position is irradiated with the light.


A tip turbine engine (10) provides an axial compressor (22) having a compressor case (50) from which extend radially inwardly a plurality of outer compressor airfoils (54). The compressor case (50) is directly driven by the rotation of the turbine (32) and fan (28), while at least one gear (77) couples the rotation of the turbine (32) and fan (28) to an axial compressor rotor (46) having a plurality of inner compressor airfoils (52). In this manner, the axial compressor rotor (46) is driven in a direction opposite the direction of the outer compressor airfoils (54), thereby increasing the compression provided by the compressor without increasing the number of airfoils. The outer compressor airfoils (54) are formed on a plurality of outer airfoil assemblies (56) each having an arcuate substrate (58) from which the outer compressor airfoils (54) extend. Each of the outer compressor airfoil assemblies (56) includes more than one axially-spaced stage of outer compressor airfoils (54). For assembly, the outer compressor airfoil assemblies (56) are moved toward the axial compressor rotor (46) and then inserted into the compressor case (50).

The present invention relates to turbine engines, and more particularly to a rotating case for an axial compressor for a tip turbine engine.
An aircraft gas turbine engine of the conventional turbofan type generally includes a forward bypass fan, a low pressure compressor, a middle core engine, and an aft low pressure turbine, all located along a common longitudinal axis. A high pressure compressor and a high pressure turbine of the core engine are interconnected by a high spool shaft. The high pressure compressor is rotatably driven to compress air entering the core engine to a relatively high pressure. This high pressure air is then mixed with fuel in a combustor, where it is ignited to form a high energy gas stream. The gas stream flows axially aft to rotatably drive the high pressure turbine, which rotatably drives the high pressure compressor via the high spool shaft. The gas stream leaving the high pressure turbine is expanded through the low pressure turbine, which rotatably drives the bypass fan and low pressure compressor via a low spool shaft.
Although highly efficient, conventional turbofan engines operate in an axial flow relationship. The axial flow relationship results in a relatively complicated elongated engine structure of considerable length relative to the engine diameter. This elongated shape may complicate or prevent packaging of the engine into particular applications.
A recent development in gas turbine engines is the tip turbine engine. Tip turbine engines include hollow fan blades that receive core airflow therethrough such that the hollow fan blades operate as a centrifugal compressor. Compressed core airflow from the hollow fan blades is mixed with fuel in an annular combustor, where it is ignited to form a high energy gas stream which drives the turbine that is integrated onto the tips of the hollow bypass fan blades for rotation therewith as generally disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos.: 20030192303; 20030192304; and 20040025490. The tip turbine engine provides a thrust-to-weight ratio equivalent to or greater than conventional turbofan engines of the same class, but within a package of significantly shorter length.
In the known tip turbine engine designs, an axial compressor rotor is directly driven by rotation of the hollow fan blades. The axial compressor rotor includes one or more stages of radially-extending compressor blades each of which followed by a stage of static compressor vanes extending radially inwardly from a compressor case. Increasing the number of stages of compressor blades and compressor vanes increases the compression of the core airflow and the efficiency of the engine, but increases the overall length and weight of the engine and the number of parts.

Counter-rotating compressor case and assembly method for tip turbine engine


Processes for the preparation of Venetoclax and Venetoclax produced by the processes are disclosed. Intermediate compounds used in the processes are further disclosed including the compound of formula 5

Venetoclax, 4-(4-{[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-cyclohex-1-en-1-yl]methyl}piperazin-1-yl)-N-({3-nitro-4-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethyl)amino]phenyl}sulfonyl)-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yloxy)benzamide, has the following chemical structure:

Venetoclax is described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,546,399. Solid state forms of Venetoclax and of the HCl salt and sulfate salt thereof are described in WO 2012/071336. WO 2012/121758 and WO 2012/058392 describe solid dispersions comprising Venetoclax.
Polymorphism, the occurrence of different crystalline forms, is a property of some molecules and molecular complexes. A single molecule may give rise to a variety of polymorphs having distinct crystal structures and physical properties like melting point, thermal behaviors (e.g. measured by thermogravimetric analysis—"TGA", or differential scanning calorimetry—"DSC"), X-ray diffraction pattern, infrared absorption fingerprint, and solid state (13C) NMR spectrum. One or more of these techniques may be used to distinguish different polymorphic forms of a compound.
Different salts and solid state forms (including solvated forms) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient may possess different properties. Such variations in the properties of different salts and solid state forms and solvates may provide a basis for improving formulation, for example, by facilitating better processing or handling characteristics, changing the dissolution profile in a favorable direction, or improving stability (polymorph as well as chemical stability) and shelf-life. These variations in the properties of different salts and solid state forms may also offer improvements to the final dosage form, for instance, if they serve to improve bioavailability. Different salts and solid state forms and solvates of an active pharmaceutical ingredient may also give rise to a variety of polymorphs or crystalline forms, which may in turn provide additional opportunities to assess variations in the properties and characteristics of a solid active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Discovering new solid state forms and solvates of a pharmaceutical product may yield materials having desirable processing properties, such as ease of handling, ease of processing, storage stability, and ease of purification or as desirable intermediate crystal forms that facilitate conversion to other polymorphic forms. New solid state forms of a pharmaceutically useful compound can also provide an opportunity to improve the performance characteristics of a pharmaceutical product. It enlarges the repertoire of materials that a formulation scientist has available for formulation optimization, for example by providing a product with different properties, e.g., a different crystal habit, higher crystallinity, or polymorphic stability, which may offer better processing or handling characteristics, improved dissolution profile, or improved shelf-life (chemical/physical stability). For at least these reasons, there is a need for additional solid state forms (including solvated forms) of Venetoclax.
Use of solvates as starting material for preparation of the final dosage form requires monitoring the residual solvent content in the final dosage form. Further, the known synthetic processes have several drawbacks such as lower overall yield, use of column chromatography and use of toxic and costly solvents. For at least these reasons, there is a need to develop robust, high yield and plant friendly processes for preparation of Venetoclax that afford non solvated stable forms or solvated stable forms that can be easily converted to other crystalline forms that do not contain residual solvents, amorphous or premix that can be used directly for formulation.

Solid state forms of Venetoclax and processes for preparation of Venetoclax


The present disclosure discloses a method and apparatus for displaying link abstract information. The method includes: downloading content corresponding to a Uniform/Universal Resource Locator (URL) from Internet according to the URL inputted by a user in a dialog window of an Instant Messaging (IM) client; analyzing the downloaded content, acquiring abstract information corresponding to the URL; displaying the abstract information in the dialog window. According to the above technical solution, the abstract information corresponding to a link inputted in a window of the IM software by the user can be displayed and conveniently shared to the SNS community, so as to extend a function of the IM software and improve user experience.

At present, in instant messaging (IM) software, abstract information that can be displayed is exclusive information. For example, when a link of a product is inputted in Taobao Wangwang, information related with the product can be displayed. When a Paipai link of a product is inputted in Tencent QQ, information of the produce in Paipai is displayed.
However, in a conventional technical solution, abstract information among different IM software cannot be used universally. Moreover, if Uniform/Universal Resource Locators (URL) in other software are inputted in software, the abstract information cannot be displayed. If a specific link in Taobao Wangwang or URLs in other software are inputted in QQ, the abstract information cannot be displayed. Furthermore, in the conventional technical solution, after the abstract information is displayed in an IM window, a function of conveniently sharing the abstract information in a Social Networking Services (SNS) community is not provided to a user. Thus, function extension of the IM software is affected, and user experience is reduced.

Method and apparatus for displaying abstract information corresponding to link

TENCENT TECHNOLOGY (SHENZHEN) COMPANY LIMITED


A gas sensor suppresses the deterioration of gas tightness caused by failure of a sealing material. The gas sensor includes: a housing; a sensor element arranged inside the housing; a sealing material filling a gap between the sensor element and the housing; an insulation member arranged on a proximal end side of the sealing material; and an annular metal ring arranged on a proximal end side of the insulation member. The sealing material, the insulation member and the metal ring are fixed under pressure by caulking from a proximal end side to a distal. A proximal-end facing surface of an inner peripheral portion of the metal ring is spaced apart from the caulking portion in an opposing region where an inner end of the caulking portion and the metal ring face each other in an opposed manner.

As a gas sensor for detecting concentration of oxygen or NOx in an exhaust gas discharged from an automobile or the like, there has been known a gas sensor including a sensor element which uses a solid electrolyte.
As shown in FIG. 10, this type of gas sensor is configured such that a flange portion 3a is formed on a bottomed cylindrical sensor element (oxygen sensor element in this example) 3 in the vicinity of the center of the sensor element 3, and the sensor element 3 is inserted into and held on the inside of a cylindrical housing (main body fitting) 200 (JP-A-2007-285769 (FIG. 11)). A stepped portion 200e is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the housing 200, and a cylindrical ceramic holder 5 is arranged on a proximal end side of the stepped portion 200e by way of a packing 12. By bringing the flange portion 3a of the sensor element 3 into contact with the ceramic holder 5 from a proximal end side by way of a packing (not shown in the drawing), the flange portion 3a is brought into contact with the stepped portion 200e in an indirect manner.
Further, in a gap defined between the sensor element 3 and the housing 200 in the radial direction on a proximal end side of the flange portion 3a, a cylindrical sealing material (talc powder) 6 and an insulation member (ceramic sleeve) 50 are arranged. A metal ring (flat washer) 60 is arranged on a proximal end side of the insulation member 50, a caulking portion 200a is formed by bending a proximal end portion of the housing 200 inward so that the insulation member 50 is pressed toward a distal end side and collapses the sealing material 6 by pressing whereby the whole sensor element 3 is sealed while being fixed by caulking.
Further, a cylindrical outer sleeve 400 is joined to the proximal end portion of the housing 200 so as to hold a lead line and a terminal mounted on the proximal end side of the sensor element 3 and to cover the proximal end portion of the sensor element 3. On the other hand, a distal end of the sensor element 3 is covered with a protector 7. By threadedly mounting a male threaded portion 200d of the housing 200 of the gas sensor manufactured in this manner in a threaded hole formed in an exhaust pipe or the like, the distal end of the sensor element 3 is exposed in the inside of the exhaust pipe whereby the sensor element 3 can detect a gas to be detected (exhaust gas).


A tape mirror interface comprises an input terminal coupled to at least one input node and capable of receiving data transfer requests, a plurality of output terminals coupled to a plurality of tape storage devices, and a control element coupled to the input terminal and plurality of output terminals. The control element presents the plurality of tape storage devices as separate media devices and selectively controls data transfer in a synchronous mode and a split mode. In the synchronous mode, writes to a target tape storage media are mirrored to a mirrored tape storage media. In the split mode, writes are written to tape storage devices independently.

Information technology and data handling systems commonly use data protection technology to defend against unexpected catastrophic events. Backup systems are a first line of defense against disaster. A second line of protection is mirroring systems, fault-protection systems for organizations that use tape drives for backup and recovery. A mirroring system creates a mirror copy of a backup session, doubling protection by enabling storage of identical backup records in different locations. A tape mirror gives backup and recovery protection by creating a mirror or virtual tape drive, generating two or more physical tape devices that appear as one unit in the mirror and operating in conjunction with existing backup software to write identical backup data to each tape drive in the mirror simultaneously.
A user often desires multiple copies of the same tape, written at the same time, for several reasons. A user may wish to store one copy of the backup tape onsite for fast data recovery and maintain a second copy offsite to protect against site-wide disasters. The user may desire a fail-over capability to increase the success rate of backups. The user may also desire a redundant system that creates multiple tape media copies for restoration purposes in case one copy of the media degrades or fails.
Some data protection software can create multiple tape copies by generating a first backup media, then copying a second tape from the first. A difficulty with the procedure is that any data corruption in the original backup tape media is duplicated on the second copy. Furthermore, the making of serial copies is time consuming. The time to create a second copy can be as long as the time to create the original backup. During the copy operation, both the original and duplicate backup copies are on line so that are susceptible to destruction, along with the originating system, during a site-wide disaster.
Tape mirroring can be used to generate a copy of a backup tape while the backup job is running. Tape mirroring techniques include software mirroring, for example utilizing software executing in a tape driver, and hardware mirroring, for example commonly functioning in a tape library. In either case, any write operation to a primary tape backup is concurrently mirrored to a second copy. In a mirrored backup, no time delay is incurred during creation of the second tape copy due to concurrent creation of the multiple copies.

Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.


A chassis for a vehicle includes a frame having a first end and an opposing second end. The frame includes a first frame rail defining a first channel, a second frame rail defining a second channel and that is spaced from the first frame rail, and a cross member assembly coupled to the first end of the frame and extending between the first frame rail and the second frame rail. The cross member assembly includes a first end plate positioned within and releasably received by the first channel of the first frame rail, a second end plate positioned within and releasably received by the second channel of the second frame rail, and a cross member extending between the first end plate and the second end plate.

Vehicles may have limited ability to be modified to produce vehicle variants suitable for different applications. In some cases, modifying a vehicle to be suitable for a different application may require a significant amount of redesign work to adapt the frame of the vehicle to the application. A frame of a vehicle may support various components of the vehicle including a body assembly, a powertrain, tractive elements, etc. Traditional frames lack modularity and have to be designed for a specific application or vehicle. Further, vehicles may have limited ability to support additional weight. In certain applications, vehicle cabins are required to support substantial loads, such as the weight of armor plating. Some vehicles include a cabin disposed directly above and/or in front of a front axle assembly, such that the front axle assembly supports the vast majority of the cabin weight. The addition of weight to the cabin causes the front axle assembly to support significantly more weight than the rear axle assembly/assemblies.


Some embodiments of the invention provide a method for inserting several fills in an integrated circuit (“IC”) layout. The method identifies a set of potential fills in a region of an IC layout, where the set of potential fills has a first fill size, wherein the first fill size is from a set of fill sizes. The method specifies a halo around each potential fill in the set of potential fills. For each potential fill, the method determines whether the specified halo overlaps with a foreign object in the region of the layout. For each potential fill, the method specifies a legal fill in the region of the IC layout if the specified halo does not overlap with a foreign object in the region of the IC layout. The method inserts at least one legal fill in the region of the IC layout. In some embodiments, the halo is a spacing halo.

An integrated circuit ("IC") is a device (e.g., semiconductor device) that includes many electronic components. An electronic component can be transistor, resistors, diodes, etc. . . . Furthermore, these electronic components can be interconnected together (by using wiring) to form multiple circuit components, such as gates, cells, memory units, etc. . . .
The process of producing these circuit components and/or wiring (e.g., by using an etching process) on an IC often results in circuit components and/or wiring that have different heights for the same layer of the IC. Because an IC typically has several layers that are stacked one on top of each other, it is desirable to have circuit components and/or wiring to have the same height along the entire layer of the IC (i.e., to have a flat surface along the entire layer). This ensures that subsequently placed layers of the IC remain parallel to the other layers of the IC.
To produce a layer of an IC with a flat surface (e.g., global planarization of the layer), a chemical mechanical polishing ("CMP") process is performed after the circuit components and/or wiring are produced on a layer of the IC. As the name implies, a CMP process is a procedure that polishes the layers of the IC to flatten the surface of the layer of the IC. Typically, the CMP process uses an abrasive and/or corrosive slurry that removes excess topological features (e.g., circuit components that extend beyond a certain height above the surface of a particular layer) of the layers of the IC.
However, CMP is a density sensitive process. In particular, the CMP requires that the density of the layer of the IC be within a minimum and maximum range. In other words, for the CMP process to be effective, the density of the IC layer has to be within a particular density range. Ideally, the density of the layer should be uniform throughout the entire layer. The density of the IC layer can be defined as the total area of the circuit components and wiring divided by the total area of the IC layer. When the density of the layer is not uniform or is not within the particular range, some of the side effects of the CMP process may include removing essential topological features (e.g., circuit elements) of the IC layer.
To resolve this issue, engineers insert fills in certain regions of the IC layer to create uniform density throughout the entire IC layer and/or to ensure that local regions of the IC layers meet the minimum density values for the CMP process. These fills are inactive and non-functional materials that are inserted between wiring and circuit components. FIGS. 1 and 2 conceptually illustrate a portion of a Manhattan layout before and after fills are inserted. As shown in FIG. 2, these square fills have one size and are inserted between interconnects.
Current methods of inserting fills are designed for Manhattan IC layouts. Furthermore, current methods of inserting fills do not produce optimal fill configurations. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method of optimally inserting fills in an IC layout. Ideally, such a method can optimally insert fills in non-Manhattan layouts.

Method and apparatus for inserting metal fill in an integrated circuit (“IC”) layout


An image streaming system for minimizing resource usage of an NVR as it does not need to manage IP cameras nor require additional resources to stream images to a client device at a remote location since it is able to directly access an IP camera registered in the NVR without passing through the NVR to retrieve images from the IP camera and transmit the retrieved images to the client device, thereby preventing an increase of costs for the NVR.

1. Field
The present invention generally relates to an image streaming technology and more particularly to a system for minimizing resource usage of a Network Video Recorder.
2. Description of the Related Art
In security systems, IP cameras are rapidly replacing analogue cameras, and thus, a Network Video Recorder (NVR), introduced in Korean Laid-open Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0119248 (Published on Oct. 31, 2013), is increasingly used as a substitute for a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) as a recording solution. Due to usage of IP cameras, high-definition images are widely used and the NVR needs to use more resources than the DVR to supervise/control the high-definition images. However, excessive resource usage drives an increase in costs of the NVR.
There are four primary tasks of an NVR.
1. registering and managing IP camera
2. displaying images of a camera on a screen
3. storing images of a camera
4. transmitting images of a camera to a client at a remote location
The first task does not require a lot of resources, but the second, third, and fourth tasks are performed using an enormous amount of resources. Since every NVR is not connected to a client device at a remote location, the fourth task is not essential. Thus, minimizing resources required for the fourth task may help to reduce hardware costs for an NVR. However, as some cases still require performance the fourth task, it is necessary to develop a technology that not only reduces the hardware costs for an NVR, but also transmits a high-definition image to the client device.
Since a conventional NVR depends only on hardware performance, developing hardware products is the only way to transmit images from a remote distance, but such development requires additional costs and changes.
If a streaming server streams images of an IP camera at a remote location directly to a client device without passing through an NVR, the streaming server needs to manage IP cameras. In this case, in response to an event where an existing IP camera is replaced or where a new camera is added, the stream server needs to perform an additional management task.
In light of this background, the inventor of the present disclosure has studied an image streaming system for minimizing resource usage of an NVR: a system that does not need to manage IP cameras nor require additional resources to stream images to a client device at a remote location since the image streaming system is able to directly access an IP camera registered in the NVR without passing through the NVR to retrieve an image from the IP camera.

Image streaming system for minimizing resource usage of network video recorder (NVR)


A workflow process management application (WPMA) for a specific organization is created via a web application that can be implemented using a web server front end and a database back end. An administrator user operates the application by using a built-in administrative function to create objects such as users, groups, departments, locations, acuities, activities, and skills. The administrator or another suitable user can then use a built-in defining function to finalize objects and create instances of the objects corresponding to the organization. Appropriate users can use the plan function to allocate specific users to specific departments to ensure that all activities are assigned an appropriate amount of workers having the appropriate skills. When (or after) the work is performed the actual workflow data can be electronically gathered (if possible), or manually entered. Reports can then be generated to show differences between the planned workflow and the actual workflow.

Workflow process management generally relates to the automated work management. As used herein, work generally relates to a function performed in business. Examples of tasks include processing a loan application (in the banking industry), or treating a patient (in the hospital industry). However, work need not be limited to just those functions performed in businesses. For example, work performed by governmental agencies, charities, branches of the military, or recreational tasks performed by a group of hobbyists may also be candidates for workflow process management. Thus, a workflow process management system may be considered to be a system which utilizes a set of procedural rules to manage how work is performed by participants.
The work may include tasks which require performance, documents which require creation or editing, or information which require development. For example, in the banking industry, a variety of loan documents, such as promissory notes, etc., may need to be created. Similarly, information, such as an applicant's credit rating may need to be developed by ordering credit reports. Different industries will have different work requiring different tasks, documents, and/or information. For example, a hospital require the tasks of treating a patient's condition, collecting/developing information such as a patient's medical history, and the creation and processing of a billing record for the patient.
Although the type of work may vary from entity to entity, and from industry to industry, work can still be classified into four categories, namely fixed activities, variable activities, periodic, and offline activities. Fixed activity relates to work which is not volume sensitive and which needs to be performed daily. Variable activities are daily activities which is volume sensitive. Periodic activities relates to non-daily activities, whether volume sensitive or not. Offline activities denotes any special activities such as training, special projects, or meetings. Each type of work (including time allocated for meals or breaks) can be converted into an equivalent amount of time. When expressed in hours, this time is known as earned hours. A department, which by definition is an entity which exists for performing a set of core functions, maximizes its production when it maximizes its earned hours.
For example, a department for creating widgets may find that it requires one worker one hour to produce one widget. The creation of widgets is clearly volume sensitive. Thus, widget creation is a variable activity. If the eight widgets are produced per day then the department would have 8 earned hours that day. If instead, the department produced 80 widgets in a day, that department would have 80 earned hours.
The participants managed by a work flow process management system may be different types of workers. For example, some workers are full time workers while other workers may be part-time workers. Additionally, the period of time worked by each worker may be different. Flexible time policies and different shifts may mean that different workers work different periods of time, even though the different workers are full time employees. Additionally, participants may differ from each other based upon skill level, experience level, or licensure level. For example, in a hospital setting, only physicians may be authorized to perform certain medical duties, while physicians or nurses may perform other duties. Similarly, nurses have difference level of licensure. Thus, only a registered nurse (R.N.) may be authorized to perform certain procedures while either licensed professional nurses (L.P.N) or registered nurses (R.N.) may perform other procedures.
In order for a department to perform its earned hours, the department must have sufficient worker resources to work its earned hours. Although workers may work different shifts, have different skills levels, etc., just like work to be performed can be converted into earned hours, workers can also be expressed as an equivalent amount of time. The time unit normally used for workers is known as a full time equivalents (hereinafter "FTE"). One FTE usually represents the amount of work normally performed by a worker during a day, and can be converted into a number of hours. This conversion is often affected by labor laws and regulations. For example, in many instances, during a standard 8-hour shift, a worker earns paid break at a rate of one 0.25 hour paid break per four hours worked. Thus, one FTE is equal to 8.0 hours with two 15 minute breaks within each of two consecutive four hour periods.
Since work and participants can be converted into units of time, it can be seen that a department can only ensure that all of its earned hours are converted into production if the department is staffed by an equivalent amount of FTEs. For example, if one FTE is equivalent to eight hours, the widget department would require 1 FTE per day to work 8 earned hours to produce 8 widgets. Conversely, if the widget department has 3 FTE of workers per day but only orders for 8 widget per day, two FTEs are wasted because the work can be performed by one FTE's equivalent of workers.
Each business (or other entity) has its own industry specific work and participants. Additionally, even among businesses in the same industry, the work and participants vary from business to business. In order to accommodate these differences, the traditional methodology for constructing workflow process management systems required one or more consultants to study each new business to identify its work, participants, and rules. Once the study has been concluded, a custom workflow process management application (WPMA) is created. When executed on a computer system, the WPMA and the computer system form a workflow process management system. Due to the differences between businesses, much of the work performed in constructing one WPMA generally cannot be reused for another WPMA. Accordingly, there is a need and desire for a system for quickly creating workflow process management applications while leveraging work previously performed in developing other WPMAs.

Method and apparatus for managing workflow


A cooling system for a generator of a vehicle has an engine, a generator and a wind collection box. The generator has a rotor driven by the engine and a fan synchronously rotating with the rotor. The wind collection box is connected to the generator via a first guiding tube. The fan draws exterior air from the wind collection box and the first guiding tube to allow the exterior air to flow through the generator. Thus, heat in the generator that is mounted in an airtight engine compartment is dissipated.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a cooling system of a vehicle, especially to a cooling system that dissipates heat of a generator mounted in an airtight engine compartment of a vehicle.
2. Description of the Prior Art(s)
To provide electricity to electric equipments, such as a lamp, an air conditioner, and a battery, of a vehicle, a generator is prepared in the vehicle. The generator is driven by an engine to generate the electricity. However, when the generator rotates at high speed under heavy load, temperature of the generator rises. If heat of the generator is not dissipated timely to lower the temperature of the generator, the generator will not operate well.
A conventional generator has a housing with multiple heat dissipating holes. Heat in the housing can be dissipated via the heat dissipating holes to lower temperature of the conventional generator. However, generally, the conventional generator is mounted in an airtight engine compartment together with an engine. Therefore, the heat that is dissipated via the heat dissipating holes of the housing of the generator is unable to be further dissipated to an exterior of the engine compartment such that air in the engine compartment and air outside the engine compartment are unable to circulate. Consequently, the temperature of the generator still rises constantly and a lifetime of the generator is shortened.
To overcome the shortcomings, the present invention provides a cooling system for a generator of a vehicle to mitigate or obviate the aforementioned problems.

Cooling system for a generator of a vehicle