An improved transportable paper towel dispenser intended to be worn on the person of the user for the purpose of having a constant access to a roll of paper towels when cleaning. The transport assembly supports an adjustable tension mechanism and a dowel system bearing a roll of paper towels. The transport assembly, tension mechanism and dowel system are interconnected by pulley systems that control the pressure exerted upon the roll of paper towels, thus providing controlled dispensing of the entire roll of paper towels and to retard unraveling. And further adjusting to raise or lower the angle of the paper towel roll.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to paper towel holders, specifically an improved transportable paper towel dispenser intended to be worn on the person of the user for the purpose of providing instant access to a roll of paper towels when cleaning. My newly designed Transportable Paper Towel Dispenser functions in a similar manner to my Paper Towel Harness (parent application Ser. No. 10/151,375 filed May 20, 2002) having new and improved features resulting in optimum performance.
2. Background—Description of Prior Art
Paper towel holders are traditionally mounted to flat, stationary surfaces such as walls, cabinets etc. Paper towel holders are usually installed within a work area such as a kitchen or laundry room where they are the most utilized. When needed in other areas, the user will typically tear off the number of sheets anticipated for the task at hand. Or if the cleaning or drying task is extensive, one typically procures a new roll of paper towels and carries it to the cleaning area.
Because a roll of paper towels is cumbersome and unwieldy, it is usually carried separately from other cleaning supplies. It is often misplaced or left behind when the user moves on to another cleaning task. Time and motion are often wasted by the effort expended by just trying to keep track of a loose roll of paper towels.
The paper towel is an indispensable item to the professional cleaning person, as well as to most homemakers. Accordingly, there is a need for a device that provides continual, instant access to paper towels whenever or wherever they are needed.


The cyber threat identification and analytics (“CTIA”) apparatuses, methods and systems, for example, identify a list of relevant malware indicators of compromise (IOCs) during a cyber security incident. The CTIA system automatically groups relevant malware IOCs from all known samples of a particular threat, given either a threat or a specific IOC without knowing the threat. In this way, an incident responder can use the group of relevant malware IOCs to have the highest probability of locating infections of variations of malware of the particular threat.

Computer malware is a type of software that disrupts the normal operation of a computer, and introduces security risk to a network of computers and any asset connected to the computer network. A malware instance can, for example, send malicious code programs to a computer so as to burden the processing capacity of the computer, gain access to secured data without authorization, or modify critical system settings. Anti-malware programs are designed to detect potential threats of malware. When a computer is attacked by malware, a computer user can experience abnormal symptoms on the computer. Different malware attacks can cause different abnormal symptoms to the computer, for example, hardware troubles, slow performance, missing files, and/or the like.

Cyber threat identification and analytics apparatuses, methods and systems


Disclosed herein are multilayer polymer-quantum dot light emitting diodes (PQD-LEDs) and methods of making thereof. As disclosed, the PQD-LEDs comprise at least one quantum dot layer made from an aqueous suspension of quantum dots upon which a polymer layer is deposited by spin coating methods known in the art. The quantum dot layers and the polymer layers are discrete and distinct from one another. Also disclosed are methods of making the PQD-LEDs of the present invention and kits.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to multilayer polymer-quantum dot light emitting diodes (PQD-LED) and methods of making and using thereof.
2. Description of the Related Art
Polymer-quantum dot light emitting diodes (PQD-LED) have caught immense attention in the LED research and commercial communities by virtue of the marriage of easy processibility and ruggedness of polymers and exotic optical properties of quantum dots (QDs). Many unilayer and bilayer PQD-LEDs have been reported. See Colvin, V. L., et al. (1994) Nature 370:354; Dabbousi, B. O., et al. (1995) Appl. Phys. Lett. 66:1316; Mattousi, H., et al. (1998) J. Appl. Phys. 83:7965–7974; and Schlamp, M. C., et al. (1997) J. Appl. Phys. 82:5837–5842. Unilayer PQD-LEDs have conductive and emissive species mixed together and are far below the theoretical performance limits. Bilayer LEDs perform better than unilayer devices. Unfortunately, bilayer LEDs employ the QD layer as both emissive and electron conducting layer which creates imbalance in charge conduction due to poor conductivity of these colloidal QDs. See Leatherdale, C. A., et al. (2000) Phys. Rev. B. 62:2669–2680. Further in bilayer LEDs the emissive QD layer is next to the metal electrode which causes quenching of emission See Wu, C. C., et al. (1997) IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 44(8):1269; and Becker, H. (1997) Phys. Rev. B 56:1893–1905. Some researchers have also demonstrated PQD-LEDs by electrostatic self assembly, but this process involves a large number of steps and also relies on polycations or polyanions, which are charged and are reported to cause quenching of emission See Chen, W., et al. (2002) Nanosci. Nanotech. 2:47–53; Lee, J., et al. (2001) J. Nanosci. Nanotech. 1:59–63; Gao, M., et al. (2000) J. Appl. Phys. 87:2297–2302; and Onisuka, O., et al. (1996) J. Appl. Phys. 80:4067. Recently, trilayer hybrid organic molecule-QD LED was demonstrated See Coe, S., et al. (2002) Nature 420:800. Unfortunately, the fabrication of the organic molecule-QD LEDs relies on phase segregation techniques based on differences in size and chemistry of the QDs and organic molecules, and is therefore only applicable for organic molecule-QD LEDs and not PQD-LEDs. Further, the methods for making the organic molecule-QD LED is not viable for sandwiching multilayers of QDs between organic layers, as phase segregation of QDs towards the top of organic molecule layer will not occur if the amount of QDs is more than one or few monolayers. Emission from only one monolayer of QDs may not satisfy the high brightness requirements of commercial applications.
Thus, a need exists for a multilayer PQD-LED and methods for making thereof.

Multilayer polymer-quantum dot light emitting diodes and methods of making and using thereof

The Regents of the University of California


A dust container of an upright type vacuum cleaner includes a circular cover having a suction port and an exhaust port, a guide member attached to a lower surface of the cover to guide an air flow, a filter attached to a lower surface of the guide member, and a cylindrical container body provided to the lower surface of the cover to receive the guide member and the filter. The guide member guides air induced into the dust container through a suction port to spirally rotate within the container body. A supporting member positioned within the container body supports the filter such that the filter supports the cover.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a vacuum cleaner. More particularly, the present invention relates to a dust container of an upright type vacuum cleaner, which is formed at an upper surface with a suction port to allow air containing foreign substances to be induced therethrough, and an exhaust port to allow purified air to be exhausted to an outside thereof, thereby maintaining a suction force of the vacuum cleaner while ensuring closing properties of the dust container, and to a supporting structure for a cover of the dust container, which is adapted to prevent a downward deformation of the cover by use of a filter even when a vacuum degree increases within the dust container during driving of the vacuum cleaner.
2. Description of the Related Art
According to shapes and using postures, vacuum cleaners can be generally classified into a canister type vacuum cleaner, which provides convenience in corner cleaning and movement while allowing easy replacement of a brush and a nozzle, and an upright type vacuum cleaner, which provides convenience in maintenance and allows easy cleaning of a large space.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a conventional upright type vacuum cleaner.
The conventional upright type vacuum cleaner comprises a suction head 2 serving to suck air containing foreign substances on a floor, a main body 4 mounted on the suction head 2 and having a suction device to suck the air, and a handle 6 installed to an upper portion of the body 4 so as to be gripped by a user.
The suction head 2 serves to suck the air containing the foreign substances in conjunction with an operation of the vacuum cleaner through a suction port formed at a lower surface of the suction head 12 while moving on a floor desired to be cleaned. That is, the air is sucked through the lower surface of the suction head 2 by the operation of the suction device received within the main body 4.
A lower portion of the main body 4 is hinged to a rear side of the suction head 2 such that the body 4 can be tilted rearward by a predetermined angle with respect to the suction head 2.
An upper portion of the main body 4 is provided with the handle 6 such that the user can grip the handle, and manipulate the whole vacuum cleaner during the cleaning operation.
For example, while performing the cleaning operation for a target location, the user grips the handle 6, and adjusts an inclined angle of the main body 4 with respect to the suction head 2.
A dust container 8 is detachably installed to a front center of the main body 4. The dust container 8 filters the foreign substances contained in the air flowing thereto through the suction head, and collects the filtered foreign substances therein.
For the conventional vacuum cleaner shown in the drawing, the dust container is illustrated as collecting the foreign substances contained in the air, which is suctioned in a cyclonic manner.
For an air flow within the conventional upright type vacuum cleaner constructed as above, air containing the foreign substances is first suctioned through a suction port formed at the lower surface of the suction head 2 via operation of the suction means received in the main body 4.
Then, the air flows into the dust container 8 via the main body 4. With the foreign substances removed from the air within the dust container 8, the air is exhausted from the dust container 8 to the outside through an exhaust port via the main body 4.
Meanwhile, FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the dust container of FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 2, the dust container 8 is formed at an upper portion with a suction port 21, and at a lower portion with an exhaust port 22.
If the dust container has the suction port formed at the upper portion and the exhaust port formed at the lower portion, however, shielding force is increased at the suction port side due to an increase in vacuum degree during driving of the vacuum cleaner, causing suction force of the vacuum cleaner to be lowered.
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view illustrating the dust container of the conventional upright type vacuum cleaner.
As shown in FIG. 3, the dust container of the conventional upright type vacuum cleaner serves to collect the foreign substances after filtering it from the air passing therethrough, and to allow the air to be discharged to the outside after being filtered by the filter therein.
In order to perform such a function, the dust container 10 has the suction port and the exhaust port formed through a cover 12 which covers an upper portion of a container body 11, and which is provided at a lower surface thereof with a guide member 13 to guide air induced through the suction port towards the container body 11 while guiding the air purified through the container body 11 towards the exhaust port.
In addition, a filter 14 is attached to a lower surface of the guide member 13 to purify the contaminated air.
Accordingly, while the contaminated air flows spirally within an interior of the container body along the guide member after passing through the suction port of the cover, foreign substances over a predetermined weight drop onto the bottom of the container body, and air is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port of the cover along the guide member after being purified through the filter.
However, as a degree of vacuum is increased according to driving of the vacuum cleaner, the exhaust port of the cover is compressed, causing an edge of the cover to be widened and a central region thereof to be deformed downwardly. As a result, sealing of the dust container is not sufficiently ensured.
Accordingly, there is a need of an improved vacuum cleaner which overcomes the above problem.

Dust container of upright type vacuum cleaner and supporting structure for cover thereof


Techniques and apparatus for determining the temperature of a permanent magnet on a rotor of an electrical motor. An example techniques involves determining a first set of parameters for controlling the electrical motor. A temperature of the rotor during a runtime of the electrical motor is determined, based at least in part on the first set of parameters and a first back-electromotive force (back-emf) associated with the electrical motor. A first estimate of a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is determined based on the temperature of the rotor. An operation of the electrical motor is controlled based at least in part on the first estimate of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet.

The present disclosure generally relates to electric motors and, more specifically, to techniques for determining the temperature of a permanent magnet on a rotor of an electrical motor.
Electrical motors (or machines), such as permanent magnet machines (also known as permanent magnet motors) (PMMs), are used in a wide variety of electrical devices. Such electrical devices can include, for example, electric vehicles, autonomous aerial and ground vehicles (also known as drones), personal electric vehicles (e.g., electric scooters, electric skateboards, electric bikes, etc.), air conditioning units, and so on. PMMs operate based on permanent magnets (PMs) and the performance of the PMMs generally depends on the PM temperature. For example, the temperature of the PM can impact the torque output of the motor, the position estimation for the motor controller, etc. Additionally, demagnetization and/or physical damage of the PM can occur when the temperature of the PM reaches a certain value. This in turn can lead to failure of the PMM and electrical device.

Sensor less magnet temperature estimation in permanent magnet machines


In order to separate a carbon-containing fraction as completely as possible from a residue, for example a pyrolysis residue, a combustible constituent is first separated from a non-combustible constituent. A carbon-containing light fraction is subsequently separated from a small-fragment fraction of the non-combustible constituent. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, a combination of a facility for the separation of wire with a heavy-fragment separator following the latter is provided for a continuous separation operation. The carbon-containing fraction thus obtained is preferably supplied for further utilization to a combustion chamber of a pyrolysis plant.

The invention relates to a plant for the processing of residue from a thermal waste disposal plant. The residue has a combustible carbon-containing constituent and a non-combustible constituent, and the plant has a first device for the substantial separation of the combustible constituent from the non-combustible constituent.
For ecological and economic reasons, in thermal waste disposal plants, particularly in pyrolysis plants, the residue occurring during thermal treatment is sorted and, if possible, reused. The aim, in this case, is to separate the residue into the carbon-containing combustible constituent and into the non-combustible constituent.
Published, European Patent Application EP 0 302 310 A and the company publication xe2x80x9cDie Schwel-Brenn-Anlage, eine Verfahrensbeschreibungxe2x80x9d [xe2x80x9cThe Low-Temperature Carbonization Incineration Plant, A Process Descriptionxe2x80x9d], published by Siemens AG, Berlin and Munich, 1996, disclose, as a pyrolysis plant, a so-called low-temperature carbonization incineration plant, in which essentially a two-stage method is carried out. In the first stage, the waste delivered is introduced into a low-temperature carbonization drum (pyrolysis reactor) and is carbonized at low temperature (pyrolyzed). During pyrolysis, low-temperature carbonization gas and pyrolysis residue are obtained in the low-temperature carbonization drum. The low-temperature carbonization gas is burnt, together with combustible fragments of the pyrolysis residue, in a high-temperature combustion chamber at temperatures of approximately 1200xc2x0 C. The exhaust gases occurring at the same time are subsequently purified.
The pyrolysis residue also has, in addition to the combustible fragments, a large proportion of non-combustible fragments. The non-combustible constituents are composed essentially of an inert fraction, which contains glass, stone, and ceramic fragments, and of a metal fraction. The latter can be divided into a non-ferrous fraction and a ferrous fraction. The non-combustible constituents are sorted out as residues and supplied for re-utilization. For ecological reasons, which are also reflected in statutory regulations, the proportion of carbon in the non-combustible constituents should be as low as possible.
Published, European Patent Application EP 0 144 535 A2 discloses a method for the thermal treatment of waste with re-utilization of the residue obtained, in which, in a first screening, a coarse fraction is separated from the pyrolysis residue and the remaining smaller fraction is subjected to a second screening. The two fractions obtained during the second screening are each subjected to air separation, in order to separate a low-carbon heavy fraction from a carbon-rich light fraction. The carbon-rich light fraction is supplied for energy utilization and the low-carbon fraction is intended for dumping or, for example, for road construction.
A method for the processing of light shredder refuse, which occurs during the comminution of metal-containing residues, for example when cars are being crushed, is described in Published, Non-Prosecuted German Patent Application DE 44 26 503 A1. During this processing, after screening there is provision for the separation of pellets, this being followed by classifying in order to separate a very light plastic fraction. The light fraction separated in this case is added to a fuel fraction.
The problem of the known methods is that the separated non-combustible constituent of the pyrolysis residue, despite being classified, has a considerable proportion of carbon-containing combustible constituents.
It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a plant for the processing of residue from a thermal waste disposal plant that overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art devices of this general type, in which the carbon-containing solid fragments are separated essentially completely and reliably in an operation which, in particular, is continuous.
With the foregoing and other objects in view there is provided, in accordance with the invention, a plant for processing a residue from a thermal waste disposal plant, the residue having a combustible carbon-containing constituent and a non-combustible constituent. The plant contains a first device receiving the residue and substantially separating the combustible carbon-containing constituent from the non-combustible constituent. A second device is disposed downstream from the first device and separates the non-combustible constituent into a small fragment fraction and a large fragment fraction. A third device for dividing up the small fragment fraction is disposed downstream of the second device. The third device has a drum with drivers for separating wire-like constituents from the small fragment fraction, a screening device for separating elongated constituents from the small fragment fraction, and a heavy-fragment separator for separating a carbon-containing light fraction still present in the small fragment fraction.
In the plant, the non-combustible constituent is initially essentially separated from the carbon-containing combustible constituent in a first stage in a way known per se. In a second stage, a small-fragment fraction is initially separated from the non-combustible constituent and, subsequently, a carbon-containing light fraction remaining in the small-fragment fraction is separated.
The invention is based on the essential idea that a two-stage separation of the carbon-containing constituents is necessary for effective separation, since the proportion of carbon in the non-combustible constituent is still relatively high after separation in the first stage. The invention, moreover, proceeds from the consideration that the carbon-containing light fraction is located, above all, in the small-fragment fraction of the non-combustible constituent. The separation of the small-fragment fraction and the subsequent separation of the light fraction ensure essentially complete and reliable separation of the carbon-containing constituents from the residue.
The small-fragment fraction is preferably an inert fraction of the residue, since there is a high proportion of carbon-containing particles in the inert fraction. An appropriate plant for separating such an inert fraction is described in German Patent Application 198 22 991.7, titled xe2x80x9cPlant For The Treatment Of Solidsxe2x80x9d.
The small-fragment fraction often has, in addition to inerts and the carbon-containing particles, other impurities, in particular in the form of small wires, wire pellets or wire fibers. These may have an extremely disruptive influence in the separation of the light carbon-containing fraction from the heavier fraction of inerts and may impede the continuous and fault-free processing of the small-fragment fraction. Consequently, according to a preferred embodiment, the third device, in which the separation of the carbon-containing constituents from the small-fragment fraction is carried out, contains a facility for separating the wire-like constituents and a heavy-fragment separator, which follows this facility, for separating the carbon-containing solids.
The facility for separating the wire-like constituents advantageously ensures that wire-like constituents, which could cause disruption in the operation of the heavy-fragment separator, are not fed to the latter.
Preferably, the heavy-fragment separator has a housing, through which air is capable of flowing and in which is disposed essentially transversely to the direction of flow a grid, at the opposite ends of which are provided a first outlet for the light fraction and a second outlet for a heavy fraction. Preferably the grid is inclined relative to the horizontal.
In the heavy-fragment separator, air is blown through the grid from below, so that the fed solids are suspended above the grid. In this case, the light fraction is suspended above the heavy fraction, that is to say is separated from the latter.
An alternative method to so-called dry separation by use of an airflow is sink/float separation, in which the light fraction floats in a liquid medium and in which the heavy fraction sinks. A disadvantage of this is that a sludge is obtained, which has to be dried, and that the liquid has to be purified. In the case of the heavy-fragment separator illustrated, through which air flows and which is based on dry separation, post treatment of the separated fractions is advantageously dispensed with.
In order to maintain the operation capacity of the heavy-fraction separator, the previous separation of the wire-like constituents is critically important, since these may catch in the grid and would therefore clog the grid orifices.
For the automatic separation of the light fraction from the heavy fraction, the grid is inclined relative to the horizontal, so that the light fraction slides to the lower end of the grid, whereas the heavy fraction travels to the higher end.
The facility for the separation of wire contains, in an advantageous embodiment, a wire separator having a drum which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis and on the inner wall of which drivers are disposed and in the interior of which is provided a discharge device extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
Due to the drivers, in particular wire pellets are separated from the remaining solid fragments and raised in an advantageous way. At the upper reversal point, the wire pellets fall down from the drivers due to their own weight and pass on to the discharge device, by which they are removed.
Preferably, the discharge device has a vibrating conveyor that is followed by a screen, so that, by the vibrating movement of the vibrating conveyor, fine solids adhering to the wire pellets are first released from these and are subsequently separated by the screen.
In this case, the screen preferably contains lamellae that overlap in the conveying direction, there being formed between two overlapping lamellae a preferably obliquely extending gap, through which the separated small solid fragments can fall, whereas the pellets slide over the lamellae.
In an advantageous configuration, the facility for the separation of wire has a screening device for the elongate wire-like constituents, which preferably follows the wire separator. The screening device serves for the separation of elongate small wire pieces, such as, for example, small conductor wires or wire fibers, which are still contained in the solids. Preferably, the screening device contains a vibrating floor with a number of longitudinal grooves extending in the conveying direction. These are followed by screening orifices for the separation of the elongate solid fragments, the groove depth of the longitudinal grooves decreasing in the conveying direction.
Other features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in the appended claims.
Although the invention is illustrated and described herein as embodied in a plant for the processing of residue from a thermal waste disposal plant, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention and within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims.
The construction and method of operation of the invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Plant for the processing of residue from a thermal waste disposal plant


The invention relates to a composition for coating fruits, vegetables, fowl eggs, and especially for organically-grown produce for protection and extension of the shelf life of said fruits, vegetables and fowl eggs, wherein said composition is an aqueous dispersion comprised of: (a) a hydrophobic component comprising at least one member of the following group consisting of natural wax, or vegetable oil; (b) an alkali agent; (c) water, wherein components (a) and (b) are derived from natural biological sources. The invention also relates to a method for application of the composition.

In marketing of fresh produce, namely fruits, vegetables and fowl eggs, several weeks may pass from harvest of the agricultural produce or gathering of the eggs, to the sale and use of the fresh produce. During this time, aerobic respiration continues through the semi-porous skins of the fruits, vegetables, and eggs. In fruits and vegetables, senescence is induced in this period by continued release of the plant hormones ethylene and auxin, which results in breakdown of sugars and evaporation of water from within the fruit. This aging in fruits and vegetables, is unwanted, since it results in obvious changes in the outer appearance, in the texture and in the taste of the produce. In fowl eggs as well, dehydration and aerobic respiration occur through the eggshell, and spoilage of the egg occurs over time due to entry of microorganisms through minute pores in the shell. Prior art attempts at delaying the aging process in fresh produce involve coating the produce with a film to decrease the rate of respiration. The coatings in use are semi-porous, since a totally impermeable coating leads to anaerobic respiration within the produce, which results in fermentation and spoilage. Often a wax is used in combination with a fungicide; the wax also provides the fruit with a shiny, desirable appearance. Polyethylene coatings have been used in the past. Currently, a widely used treating reagent is sodium orthophenylphenate (SOPP), which ionizes in solution to orthophenylphenol (OPP). Fruits are usually coated by soaking them in soaking tanks containing the treating reagents, or by applying the reagents in the form of a foam. U.S. Pat. No. 4,990,351 (Sunkist Growers, Inc.), relates to a method of application of SOPP to fruit. U.S. Pat. No. 5,101,763 discloses an automated apparatus for coating fruit with a first mixture of wax and fungicide, and a second coating of wax alone. U.S. Pat. No. 4,946,694 relates to a coating applied in a two-step process, useful to coat fruits that have sugary deposits on their skins ("sticky fruit") such as dried fruits, dates and figs. First a mixture which includes a vegetable wax, vegetable oil and a wetting agent, is applied to the sticky fruit, then a second mixture which contains a protein is applied.
Organically grown agricultural produce is sought after by those who consider use of chemical treatment of fruits and vegetables to be a health hazard. Not only are chemical fertilizers unacceptable in the organic produce market, post-harvest treatments are equally unacceptable, such as application of chemical coatings on the produce. The need exists for a coating composition for protection of agricultural produce, deemed acceptable to the organic produce market. It is the object of the present invention to provide a composition for the coating of fruits and vegetables, which provides an answer to the demand for minimal chemical treatment of agricultural produce, yet protects and lengthens the shelf-life of the fresh produce. The composition of the present invention may be applied to organically-grown fruits and vegetables, as well as to the wider market which supplies the public with fruits and vegetables grown using chemical fertilizers. The present invention may be applied as well to fowl eggs of any source.
Certain natural waxes have been noted to be useful for protection of fruits and vegetables, when these waxes are applied as an external coating on the skin of the produce. Beeswax, candelilla wax, and carnauba wax have been used for this purpose. These natural waxes are highly concentrated and thus, cannot be applied without being diluted, since application of the concentrated form would result in a totally impermeable coating which would induce fermentation in the produce. These highly hydrophobic waxes need thus be formulated in a composition that can be applied evenly on all areas on the skin of the produce. U.S. Pat. No. 3,997,674 discloses a formulation essentially containing a natural wax, or a vegetable or mineral oil, and a high molecular weight polymer. Hagenmaier & Baker describe application of emulsions containing various combinations of natural waxes to Valencia oranges (J. Agric. & Food Chem. 45 (2), 349-352, 1997). Various coatings based on natural waxes have been described for a wide variety of fruits (Edible Coatings and Films to Improve Food Quality, Krochta, Baldwin & Nisperos Editors, Technomic Publ., N.Y., 1994, p. 37-50). None of the above-mentioned coatings would be acceptable to the organic produce market, for though they are based on natural waxes, they contain unacceptable synthetic additives that act as emulsifiers, plasticizers, anti-foaming agents, surfactants and preservatives (ibid.). It is the object of the present invention to provide a coating composition for protection of fruit, which does not contain synthetic additives unacceptable for the organic produce market.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments, that follows.

Composition for coating fruits vegetables and fowl eggs especially useful for organic produce


A light shielding layer overlapping with a peripheral region of a display device includes extension portions each extending along a Y direction, bent portions located between the extension portions, and another extension portion located between the bent portions. In a region overlapping with the another extension portion, an enable line (first potential supply line), which supplies a potential to a plurality of scanning signal lines via a driving circuit (first driving circuit), goes through a wiring layer (first wiring layer) and another wiring layer (second wiring layer) made of a material having resistivity lower than that of the wiring layer.

A display device generally has a rectangular external shape. In recent years, however, with expansion of fields of application of the display device, there is also a display device having a shape other than a rectangle. Such display device is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-122636 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2008-292995 (Patent Document 2).


The disclosure is related to battery systems. More specifically, embodiments of the disclosure provide a nanostructured conversion material for use as the active material in battery cathodes. In an implementation, a nanostructured conversion material is a glassy material and includes a metal material, one or more oxidizing species, and a reducing cation species mixed at a scale of less than 1 nm. The glassy conversion material is substantially homogeneous within a volume of 1000 nm3.

The present disclosure is related to battery systems.
In the recent years, with shortage of fossil-fuel based energy and adverse environmental effects from the consumption of fossil fuel, both public and private sectors have poured valuable resources into clean technologies. An important aspect of clean technologies is energy storage, or simply battery systems. Over the past, many battery types have been developed and used, with their respective advantages and disadvantages. For its chemical properties, including high charge density, lithium material has been used in various parts of a battery. For example, in a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, lithium ions move from negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge. In the basic operations of a lithium battery, a conversion material undergoes a conversion reaction with lithium, and the performance of the conversion material is an important aspect of a battery.
Unfortunately, conventional battery systems and their manufacturing and processes result in relatively high cost, low energy density batteries that do not meet market demands for many applications. Therefore, it is desirable to have new systems and techniques for batteries.

Nanostructured materials for electrochemical conversion reactions


Systems and methods for generating a true 3-D display, where each of a viewer's eyes not only sees a different scene, but the scene changes continuously as the viewer moves his/her head or change his/her position from one angular location to another angular location with respect to the display screen. In one embodiment, a system comprises a set of 2-D image projectors and a display screen. The 2-D image projectors are configured to project individual 2-D images substantially in focus on the display screen. The display screen then diffuses (or reflects) each pixel from each of the 2-D images into a small angular slice. This enables the viewer observing the display screen to see a different one of the 2-D images with each eye. Further, the image seen by each eye varies as the viewer moves his or her head with respect to the display screen.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to the field of three-dimensional (3-D) displays. More specifically, the invention relates to a system and methods for true 3-D display suitable for multiple viewers without use of glasses or tracking of viewer position, where each of the viewers' eyes sees a slightly different scene (stereopsis), and where the scene viewed by each eye changes as the eye changes position (parallax).
2. Related Art
Over the last 100 years, significant efforts have gone into developing three-dimensional (3-D) displays. To date none of these efforts have been truly satisfactory. There are existing 3-D display technologies, including DMD (digital-mirror-device, Texas Instruments) projection of illumination on a spinning disk in the interior of a globe1 (Actuality Systems); another volumetric display consisting of multiple LCD scattering panels that are alternately made clear or scattering to image a 3-D volume2 (LightSpace/Vizta3D); stereoscopic systems requiring the user to wear goggles ("Crystal Eyes" and others); two-plane stereoscopic systems (actually dual 2D displays with parallax barrier, e.g. Sharp Actius RD3D); and lenticular stereoscopic arrays3 (many tiny lenses pointing in different directions, e.g., Phillips nine-angle display, SID, Spring 2005). Most of these systems are not particularly successful at producing a true 3-D perspective at the users eye or else are inconvenient to use, as evidenced by the fact that the reader probably won't find one in her/his office. The Sharp notebook only provides two views (left eye and right eye, with a single angle for each eye), and the LightSpace display appears to produce very nice images, but in a limited volume (all located inside the monitor,) and would be very cumbersome to use as a projection display.
Beyond these technologies there are efforts in both Britain and Japan to produce a true holographic display. Holography was invented in the late 1940s by Gabor4 and started to flourish with the invention of the laser and off-axis holography5,6. The British work is farthest along11, and has actually produced a display that has a ˜7 cm extent and an 8 degree field of view (FOV). While this is impressive, it requires 100 million pixels (Mpixels) to produce this 7 cm field in monochrome and, due to the laws of physics, displays far more data than the human eye can resolve from working viewing distances. A working 50 cm (20 inch) color holographic display with a 60-degree FOV would require 500 nanometer (nm) pixels (at least after optical demagnification, if not physically) and more than a Terapixel (1,000 billion pixels) display. These numbers are totally unworkable anytime in the near future, and even going to horizontal parallax only (HPO, or three-dimensional in the horizontal plane only) just brings the requirement down to 3 Gpixels (3 billion pixels.) Even 3 Gpixels per frame is still a very unworkable number and provides an order of magnitude more data than the human eye requires in this display size at normal working distances. Typical high-resolution displays have 250-micron pixels—a holographic display with 500 nm pixels would be a factor of 500 more dense than this—clearly far more data would be contained in a holographic display than the human eye needs or can even make use of at normal viewing distances. Much of this incredible data density in a true holographic display would just go to waste.
FIG. 1 shows a present generation volumetric 3-D display. The technology is amazing, but a spinning object enclosed in a glass bowl is a poor candidate for interactive technologies, immersive technologies, or remote collaboration since it gives no chance of being involved in the scene. It also has the even more difficult problem of all objects in the display being transparent.
Another form of volumetric 3-D display has been proposed by Balogh12,13,14,15 and developed by Holografika. This system does not create an image on the viewing screen, but rather projects beams of light from the viewing screen to form images by intersecting the beams at a pixel point in space (either real—beams crossing between the screen and viewer, or virtual—beams apparently crossing behind the screen as seen by the viewer). Resolution of this type of device is greatly limited by the divergence of the beams leaving the screen, and the required resolution (pixel size and total number of pixels) starts to become very high for significant viewing volumes.
Eichenlaub16 teaches a method for generating multiple autostereoscopic (3-D without glasses) viewing zones (typically eight are mentioned) using a high-speed light valve and beam-steering apparatus. This system does not have the continuously varying viewing zones desirable for a true 3-D display, and has a large amount of very complicated optics. Neither does it teach how to place the optics in multiple horizontal lines (separated by small vertical angles) so that continuously variable autostereoscopic viewing is achieved. It also has the disadvantage of generating all images from a single light valve (thus requiring the very complicated optical systems), which cannot achieve the bandwidth required for continuously variable viewing zones.
Nakamuna, et al.17, have proposed an array of micro-LCD displays with projection optics, small apertures, and a giant Fresnel lens. The apertures segregate the image directions and the giant Fresnel lens focuses the images on a vertical diffuser screen. This system has a number of problems including: 1) extremely poor use of light (most of the light is thrown away due to the apertures); 2) exceedingly expensive optics and lots of them, or alternatively very poor image quality; 3) very expensive electronics for providing the 2-D array of micro-LCD displays.

System and methods for angular slice true 3-D display


A downhole tool facilitates in-situ borehole measurement of stress required to initiate a fracture in a desired direction in subterrean formation. The tool is constructed by longitudinally splitting a cylinder in half, and in use the tool includes an inflatable packer disposed within the split cylinder to force each half of the split cylinder against the borehole wall when the packer is inflated. Each half of the split cylinder, which serves as a borehole platen, is made to better conform to an irregular surface of a borehole wall by dividing the split cylinder into multiple segments that are loosely joined so as to allow limited independent movement of each segment with respect to adjacent segments.

Formations in the earth are characterized by stress conditions which vary with depth and whose principle directions are generally vertical and horizontal. In the horizontal plane at any point, the horizontal stress reaches a maximum in one direction and a minimum at right angles to the maximum stress direction. Information concerning these maximum and minimum horizontal principle stress conditions is of substantial value in a variety of disciplines such as underground transportation systems, foundations of major structures, cavities for storage of liquids, gases or solids, and in prediction of earthquakes. Further, this information is essential in petroleum exploration and production, e.g. while drilling a well or borehole the information is useful for blowout prevention, in a completed well it is useful for evaluation of hydraulic fracture treatment, and also in determining many critically important aspects of reservoir behavior, such as bulk and pore volume compressibility, permeability, direction of fluid flow, and reservoir compaction/surface subsidence.
Currently, the technique of hydrofracturing is often used to measure the least principle stress in the plane normal to the borehole axis, i.e., the normal plane. In hydrofracturing, the least principle stress in a normal plane is measured with a borehole injection test where the fractures are caused by applying hydraulic pressure on the formation of the borehole. While these injection tests are an accurate means of determining in situ stresses and can be carried out a great depth, they are expensive and time consuming in that they require interruption of drilling to set borehole packers. Further, these tests are difficult to interpret.
In injection tests small volumes of fluid are pumped into small sections of the borehole, which are isolated by inflatable packers, with just enough pressure to create a small fracture. After each fracture of the formation, the pressure decline is measured as fluid leaks off. As long as a fracture is open, this pressure fall off should represent linear flow, and a plot of pressure fall off versus the square root of time should be a straight line. Once the fracture closes, the pressure fall off is no longer linear and the slope of the pressure fall off versus time plot will change. The point where this slope change occurs is interpreted to be the in-situ closure stress, which equals the minimum horizontal stress at that depth.
The use of inflatable packers to isolate a test interval in a borehole is not only time consuming but can present another problem as these packers may cause unwanted fracturing of the formation. This unwanted fracturing would mean that the results of the fractured tests are incorrect.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,511,615 issued on Apr. 30, 1996 to Douglas W. Rhett describes a method and apparatus for in-situ borehole stress determination. This method relies on a down hole jack to independently initiate three spaced apart fractures in a subterranean formation, measuring the breakdown pressure required to initiate each fracture, and finally using the measured breakdown pressures in two-dimensional axial transformation equations to compute the maximum and minimum principal stresses that are active in the plane normal to the borehole axis. The description of U.S. Pat. No. 5,511,615, showing the method for computing the maximum and minimum principal stress based on using measured fractured pressures in axial transformation equations is hereby incorporated by reference.
While the tool described and illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,511,615 provided a substantial advance in the art of borehole stress determination, it has been found that conforming the face of the platens to a borehole wall is difficult because boreholes drilled through rock frequently have wall surfaces that are irregular and even non-cylindrical.
Accordingly it is the object of this invention to improve in-situ stress measurements in fracturing a selected location in a subterranean formation traversed by a borehole.
A more specific object of this invention to provide an expandable downhole tool having surfaces that better conform to an irregular wall of a borehole while applying pressure sufficient to initiate a fracture in the formation surrounding the borehole.
It is yet another object to allow accurate calculation of principle horizontal stress existing in a formation surrounding a borehole.

Borehole-conformable tool for in-situ stress measurements


A management system that comprises a movement management part that: communicates via communication devices with a plurality of mobile bodies that include autonomous mobile bodies that comprise an autonomous control part that is for autonomous movement; and manages the movement of the plurality of mobile bodies. The autonomous mobile bodies comprise a display device that performs outward-facing display. The movement management part has a superiority determination part that, on the basis of individual information for the plurality of mobile bodies, determines a preference ranking for the movement of the plurality of mobile bodies. The autonomous mobile bodies comprise a display control part that controls the display of the display device in accordance with the preference ranking determined by the superiority determination part.

US Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0339931 discloses a system, method, and apparatus enabling flight response to flight-restricted regions (see the Abstract). In US Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0339931, the position of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is compared to a flight-restricted region. If necessary, the UAV enacts measures to avoid intruding into a no-fly zone.

Mobile body management system, control method for mobile body management system, and management server for mobile body management system


The present invention provides a locking device having a simplified and energy saving configuration that assures to prevent an unintentional erroneous removal of a container case in operation mode from an apparatus main body. The locking device comprises: first engagement device which is an engagement hole 10 provided in an electronic apparatus main body 1; and second engagement device provided in a disc container case 2 that is inserted into and removed from the electronic apparatus through an opening 1a of the electronic apparatus main body 1. The second engagement device includes a movable engagement piece 21 constituted to be movable toward the engagement hole 10 and a movement urging mechanism 23 for urging this movable engagement piece 21. This movement urging mechanism 23 consists of a working member 23A made from a shape-memory alloy that change its distance from a first end to a second end when subjected to a heat; and a fixed base 24 for fixing the second end of the working member 23A.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a locking device and in particular, to a locking device including a fixed engagement piece and a movable engagement piece for locking a container case to be contained in an apparatus including an electronic apparatus, to a main body of the electronic apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventionally, a locking device having a fixed engagement piece (first engagement means) and a movable engagement piece (second engagement means) has been widely used in various industrial fields.
For example, in a note type personal computer 100, when replacing a disc storage apparatus 110, the disc storage apparatus 110 is removed from the bottom of the note type personal computer 100 by shifting an inject lever 102 serving as stopper means.
That is, in the aforementioned current note type personal computer, regardless of the operation state of the note type personal computer, the inject lever 102 can be shifted manually so as to take out the disc storage apparatus 110 in a direction indicated by A.
Here, FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the note type personal computer 100 placed upside down.
In the conventional example of FIG. 14, the disc storage apparatus 110 can be removed even if the disc storage apparatus 110 is being accessed. The same applies to various other apparatuses.
Accordingly, there is a danger that the disc storage apparatus 110 is removed erroneously, resulting in a run-away of software being executed or a destruction of the disc storage apparatus (hardware) itself. In electric apparatuses other than electronic apparatuses, it is not preferable that a case contained is removed during its operation.


A facebow which overcomes the adverse effects and limitations of current designs by rotating the maxilla in a downward and forward direction, which assists in correcting anterior open bites. This is accomplished by a design that produces forces above the center of resistance of the maxilla and parallel to the Frankfurt horizontal plane. The extra-oral headgear design is characterized by providing two independent adjustments (forehead width and horizontal/vertical dimensions) that allow the appliance to be customized to each patient. In particular, the two independent adjustments are provided by a fully adjustable forehead pad and bilateral adjustable blocks on opposite sides of the facebow extra-oral frame to provide horizontal and vertical adjustments.

This invention relates to the art of orthodontic appliances for applying protraction forces, and more particularly to a new and improved orthodontic appliance and method for treatment of Class III malocclusions (underbite) characterized by the lower teeth positioned anterior to or in front of the upper teeth when in centric occlusion.
The etiology involved in Class III malocclusions can range from a dental condition to a more severe skeletal malrelationship. In the Class III dental malocclusion, teeth are tipped towards the underbite position with normal maxillary and mandibular relationships. In skeletal malocclusion, the size or relative position of the maxilla and mandible varies. For example, the maxilla can be positioned posterior to an ideally positioned mandible. In another cases, the mandible is positioned anterior to an ideally positioned maxilla. Also, combinations of the previous examples are possible.
Treatment of a Class III malocclusion, characterized by open bite pattern, is difficult since such malocclusions result from many etiological factors. Skeletal open bite cases are usually associated with an increase in the vertical growth of the maxillary posterior dentoalveolar segments. The application of conventional reverse headgear, with the associated application of mesially directed force (below the center of resistance of maxillary dentition) tends to increase the anterior open bite. The intrusion of posterior teeth becomes more difficult with age, as mechanical treatment options are limited in adult patients. Orthognathic surgery may be indicated in adult patients with severe open bite and Class III skeletal patterns with retrognathic maxilla. Previous studies have shown the effects of protraction forces on the maxillary to be complex.
Used since the 1960s, commercially available reverse pull headgear designs typically have a metal or acrylic intra-oral portion attached to teeth, and an extra-oral portion that rests against the front of the face. These two components are attached with elastic bands that exert from 300 to 800 gram centimeters on the right and left sides. The direction of elastic traction is downward and forward at the level of the lips and not parallel to the Frankfurt horizontal plane. This produces a counter clockwise or upward and forward rotation of the maxilla while protracting. This rotation opens the bite, which is an undesirable side effect for certain dental relationships and facial types.
The most important factors to be considered in maxillary protraction are the point of force application and the direction of the force. Since the mandible is attached to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), it is impossible to achieve a stable counterbalance force in reverse pull headgear by anchorage to the chin (due to movement of the mandible). Another drawback to using the chin to stabilize is the unknown effect orthopedic forces have on the TMJ and mandibular growth. In growing children, force application to the chin by reverse-pull headgear causes downward and backward rotation of mandible. Although the retrusive forces being applied by the chin cap can benefit a prognathic mandible, it may be detrimental to the TMJ as well as increase open bite tendencies.
The appliance and method of this invention distinguishes from conventional facemasks in avoiding upward rotation of the maxilla during protraction, and the invention is characterized by providing two independent adjustments that allow the invention to be customized to each patient.


In order to rationalize and make profitable the use of machines for positing the beads of tires for finishing mounted, deliverable assemblies, the machine according to the invention comprises two plates (10), one upper and one lower, each provided with at least two cylindrical rings (4), of different diameters and axially movable independently, and also means (3, 5, 7, 11, 12, 13) which, according to the dimension of the tire of the mounted assembly E to be treated, permit the selection of the appropriate rings (4', 4"), and the adjustment of the axial distance necessary between rings, and sufficient to obtain the desired compression of the sidewalls of the tire, after application of said rings to the sidewalls of the tire of the assembly E.

The present invention relates to a machine for positioning tyre beads. It also relates to a method using said machine.
The conditions in which tires are required to travel are becoming more and more harsh, and whatever said conditions the beads of a tire have to be positioned correctly on the seats of the mounting rim thereof. The clamping thereof on seats is becoming more and more important, and the mounting of a tire on its rim is becoming more and more difficult, even when mounting machines are used. The poor mounting operations which are observed result in defective positioning of the beads, with the bead seats not bearing on the rim seats over their entire surfaces. These defective positioning operations may cause dislodging of beads if the case arises.
In order to be able to deliver to vehicle manufacturers only mounted assemblies in which the tires have beads which have been correctly positioned, Japanese application 64/03683 describes a method for positioning tire beads which consists in exerting a pressure on the two sidewalls of the inflated tire, so as to detach the beads from the rim flanges and seats, the internal pressure of the tire correctly repositioning them as soon as the pressure force on the sidewalls is removed. The devices provided for applying such a pressure to the sidewalls comprise either two rings, each ring being placed on one side of the tire, or rollers, each roller effecting a circular path on each sidewall of the tire.
Such a device is advantageous when effecting the positioning of tyre beads of the same dimension or at least of tires having maximum axial widths of rotation. Given the multiplicity of dimensions of existing tires and wheels, the increase in the number of dimensions created, and given the multiplicity of structures used in said dimensions and the multiplicity of the stiffness of sidewalls which results therefrom, the known devices do not permit rational, economic use for the finishing of mounted assemblies which can be delivered to the manufacturers.

Machine and method for positioning tire beads

Compagnie Generales des Etablissements Michelin - Michelin & CIE


A method and apparatus are provided for setting a neighbor in a Radio Network Controller (RNC) of a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving, from a Node B, a message indicating that a radio link is released; storing source cell information, when restoration of the radio link fails; receiving, from a User Equipment (UE), an RRC cell update message; storing target cell information included in the RRC cell update message; determining whether a neighbor of a source cell and a target cell is set, based on the source cell information and the target cell information; and setting the neighbor by using the source cell information and the target cell information if the neighbor is not set.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for setting a neighbor in a mobile communication system.
2. Description of the Related Art
Currently, wireless data services such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000, Evolution Data Only (EV-DO), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) have been commercially available; moreover, use of a portable phone and demand for mobile data has been continuously increased at home. According to such a trend, a method has been proposed for providing a mobile communication service by using a subminiature Node B in a building in order to access a mobile communication core network through an indoor broadband network.
For example, in a next-generation network system, a method has been proposed in which a plurality of multi-cells with a small size, for example, femto cells, are arranged in order to satisfy needs for a high data transmission rate and to stably provide various services. A subminiature Node B managing such a femto cell is referred to as an indoor Node B or a femto Node B. By reducing a size of the cell, efficiency of the next-generation network system using a high frequency band will be improved, and use of several cells with the small size is advantageous in view of increasing times of reusing a frequency. Further, a service scheme using the multi-cells with the small size has an advantage in that deterioration of a channel condition due to a reduction of electric waves occurring when one conventional Node B covers all cell area and service impossibility for a user in a shadow area can be solved. Based on such advantages, a combination scheme of a conventional macro cell, i.e., a cell area which an outdoor Node B manages, and femto cells, i.e., a cell area which a subminiature Node B such as an indoor Node B and a femto Node B manages, has appeared.
A Long Term Evolution (LTE) system is a network capable of satisfying needs for a high data rate for an access network, low latency, and packet optimized radio access. The LTE system secures backward compatibility with an access network of a conventional 3GPP/non-3GPP while receiving a high rate rich media. The LTE system is an all-IP based network excluding a conventional circuit-switched communication, which enhances a Quality of Service (QoS) management function and provides a discriminate QoS for a real-time service, e.g., voice communication and video communication, and a non-real-time service, e.g., web browsing and stored and forwarded data transmission, so as to improve efficiency of network resources. Further, the LTE system has introduced a smart antenna technology, i.e. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and has expanded a bandwidth for wireless communication.
A setting of a neighbor in a mobile communication system which does not include an automatic optimization technology, such as Self Organizing Networks (SON), is achieved by an operator based on location information of a Node B. In an improved neighbor optimization method, call fault data, handover statistic data, Primary Scrambling Code (PSC) information in each sector, and the like as well as the location information of the Node B, etc., may be used.
In the mobile communication system, coverage of a cell is affected by many factors such as a location of a radio unit, a direction of an antenna, interference with another cell, and the like. Therefore, if a neighbor optimization is performed by reference of only the location information of the Node B, the actual coverage of the cell may not be identical to the neighbor setting. When a User Equipment (UE) moves between two adjacent cells in which the neighbor is not set, it is impossible to perform a handover process while maintaining the continuity of a call. Thus, a call drop occurs or a cutoff of user traffic occurs due to a performance of Radio Resource Control (RRC) Re-establishment (RRE), thereby deteriorating a quality of a corresponding system.

Apparatus and method for setting neighbor in mobile communication system


A multi-device system having a daisy chain system bus structure and related method of operation are disclosed. A reference signal having a defined oscillation period is communicated around the daisy chain bus structure. Total signal transmission time around the daisy chain bus structure as well as signal transmission time to each one of a plurality of client devices connected to a host device by the daisy chain bus structure may be readily determined.

1. Field of the Invention
Embodiments of the invention relate generally to multi-device systems and related operating methods. A claim of priority is made to Korean Patent Application No. 2005-0012975 filed Feb. 17, 2005, the subject matter of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
2. Description of the Related Art
Many multi-device systems are characterized by a central host device and multiple client devices. The client devices are often sequentially controlled by control signals (or control data) provided by the host device. Given more than a trivial number of connected client devices, some estimation of a data transmission delay time for control signals between the host device and client devices is necessary.
In a conventional multi-device system, a data transmission delay time between the host and client devices is generally estimated using processes that involve repetitive experiments and/or repeated physical measurements. Thus, where conventional multi-device systems include a great number or complex configuration of client devices, or where complicated circuits are used to connect devices with the multi-device systems, the accurate calculation of a characteristic delay time using processes involving repetitive experiments and repeated measurements becomes very problematic. Indeed, experimental and/or measurement protocols often become very complicated and unwieldy.

Daisy chained multi-device system and operating method


The present disclosure relates to a field of display. Particularly, embodiments of the present invention disclose a shift register unit, a shift register, an array substrate and a display apparatus that enable the respective shift register units to be reset independently. The shift register unit includes a sampling part, an output part and a reset part, wherein the sampling part includes a first switching transistor and a second switching transistor, the output part includes a fifth switching transistor, a sixth switching transistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, and the reset part includes a third switching transistor and a fourth transistor.

With continuous development of display technology, an active array display utilizing thin film transistors has become a most common flat panel display apparatus whose gate driving circuit is realized by means of a shift register. The shift register comprises a plurality of shift register units connected in cascade, and the respective shift register units output signals in sequence to realize progressive driving of the gates.
The existing shift register unit includes three operational states of sampling, output and reset. In two shift register units adjacent to each other, an output signal of a following shift register unit serves as a reset signal of a previous shift register unit to stop the previous shift register unit from outputting. However, if the previous shift register unit fails to receive the reset signal from the following shift register unit, the previous shift register unit will not stop outputting. Therefore, in the prior art, the reset of the previous shift register unit is controlled by the following shift register unit, and if the reset signal from the following shift register unit fails to be fed back or is delayed to be fed back to the previous shift register unit, the previous shift register unit will not be stopped from outputting at a predetermined timing, which may cause the whole array substrate and even the liquid crystal display to be unable to operate properly. Thus, it is essential to solve a problem in which the shift register unit fails to be reset independently.

Shift register unit, shift register, array substrate and display apparatus


A dual containment pipe system suitable for installation into an existing conduit includes a new secondary containment pipe with a plurality of substantially uniform internal studs and a new primary containment pipe up against the studs. An annular space is formed between the pipes by the studs which provides space along the length of the conduit for installation of leak detection systems including cables or perforated conduits for removing liquids or purging the annulus. The impervious new primary containment pipe may be cured in place, folded and formed, diameter reduced pipe, or any other pipe suitable for pipeline rehabilitation. A manhole system for connection of service laterals to the main line pipe which maintaining dual containment utilizing closure pieces for the main line coupled to a bellow fitting and service lateral riser tee is also disclosed.

This invention relates to a dual containment pipe system for installation within an existing conduit, and more particularly to a dual containment pipe system with two verifiably non-leaking barrier/pipes that are separated uniformly with a minimum annular space while maximizing the cross-sectional area of the primary pipe used to transport the effluent. The newly created annular space is suitable for a leak detection system.
There is continuing need to provide pipes and methods of installation for rehabilitating existing pipelines. Due to the fact that many existing conduits handle hazardous liquids, chemicals and petroleum products, and that such pipelines are often located underground, it is desirable to install leak detection systems to meet new environmental regulations and assure health and safety of present and future generations. In these situations it is preferable to be able to rehabilitate and retrofit existing conduits without having to excavate.
One such two-wall leakage detection system for an existing conduit is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,172,730 and 5,305,798, which issued on Dec. 22, 1992 and Apr. 26, 1994, respectively, and is assigned to the assignee herein, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. While this existing two-wall pipe and leakage detection system is satisfactory, it utilizes a soft absorbent or felt-type material to form the annular space. It is advantageous in that it is suitable for retrofitting relatively long lengths of existing pipe.
An alternative construction of a pipeline monitoring leak containment system is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,072,622 issued on Dec. 17, 1991 to Roach et al. The pipe system disclosed by Roach et al. includes a pipe having an exterior wall in tight engagement with the interior wall of the carrier pipe with at least one groove located in the exterior surface of the containment pipe. The groove and the interior wall of the outer carrier pipe define at least one passageway. While it is believed that this system is suitable for relatively short lengths, it is limiting in that the containment pipe need be of the substantially rigid type and tends to be expensive to form such grooves on a wide variety of pipes of different sizes. An advantage of this system is that the space formed in the groove should remain uniform along the length of the groove.
It has been suggested to provide a dual containment system utilizing two separate components of liners and a drainage net therebetween. This system allows the existing conduit to function as the secondary containment pipe, if sound. The drainage net provides longitudinal and circumferential channels for directing any liquid leaks to the six o'clock position where a leak detection cable can be located. This system is considered acceptable for many installations, but does require installation of three elements when the existing conduit needs repair.
A well-known process for rehabilitation of existing conduits generally utilizing a flexible liner to be cured in place is the "Insituform.RTM." method described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,009,063 and 4,064,211, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Other flexible rehabilitation systems include Paltem.RTM. as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,334,943 and 4,600,615. Another rehabilitation process known as the "NuPipe.RTM." process described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,867,921 and 5,255,624, the contents of which are incorporated here by reference. In this latter process a substantially rigid replacement pipe is installed in a flattened and folded shape, heated and expanded to the shape of the original conduit. A further rehabilitation system is diameter reduction as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,923,663 and 5,340,524 and Canadian Patent No. 1,241,262.
In the Insituform.RTM. Process, a lining tube may be pulled in or inverted into the existing conduit. When it is everted, the lining tube is provided on its outer side with an impermeable coating or film which after eversion becomes the inner surface of the pipeline providing a smooth flow enhancing surface to the interior of the relined pipeline or passageway. While the Insituform.RTM. process is extremely viable for relining long lengths of existing conduits, it would not be suitable to provide grooves on the outer surface of such a liner if a dual containment configuration were desired. A separate body of absorbent material may be provided as in U.S. Pat. No. 5,172,730, identified above.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an improved dual containment pipe system which overcomes the short-coming of the prior art identified.

Dual containment pipe system and method of installation


The appearance of fire and flames is simulated using lighting, air pipes, fans, and fog manifolds. Water and air is sprayed into a display area to form a wall of mist which reflects light and light patterns. Air from the air pipes blows the wall of mist upwards. Fans generate a curtain of turbulent, upwardly flowing air that holds up the wall of mist, and makes it appear to flicker. Thematic lighting is projected onto the flickering wall of mist, to color the mist and simulate the flames.

The field of the invention is special or simulated visual and theatrical effects.
More specifically, the invention relates to the simulation of fire, flames and related visual effects.
Pyrotechnics are often used in displays and live performances to enhance the power of a presentation. However, real flames and smoke create hazards that may render the effect unsafe when performed close to the audience. In addition to requiring numerous costly controls and precautions, real fire effects burn fuel, releasing pollutants into the environment. When used indoors, real fire effects also require special air conditioning and ventilation. These requirements all add to the cost and complexity of designing, building, operating and maintaining a facility having real fire effects.
For the foregoing reasons, a realistic simulation of flames is desirable for effects which call for the illusion of fire and smoke. Simulation of fire is particularly useful in live displays, which occur with an audience at close range. Consequently, a fire effect is needed that may be performed safely without detracting from the realistic appearance of the flames.


The present invention is directed to a method for operating a hermetic, small-size power plant in which a primary circulation is conducted in a main line connecting a high-speed machine including at least a turbine and a generator installed on a joint rotor, a vaporizer and a condenser. Fluid lubrication of bearings of the rotor during the continuing operation is effected by fluid medium passing through the condenser and along the main line of the primary circulation. The vaporizer is connected to the high-speed machine through medium flow paths defining a circulating medium circuit bypassing the condenser and at least partly bypassing the main line of the primary circulation to secure passage of circulating medium accumulated in the vaporizer for lubrication of the bearings of the rotor during stopping of the primary circulation.

The small-size power plant based on the ORC process was developed especially for the recovery of waste heat from various heat-producing processes or machines where, due to the temperature of the waste heat or due to the circumstances of the environment, waste heat cannot be used as such or by means of heat exchangers or corresponding means. In a small-size power plant, waste heat is converted generally by a turbine to electricity which is easily used for different purposes.
It can be shown thermodynamically that the Organic Rankine Cycle process is the best applicable method for this kind of energy converting. The heat of vaporization of an organic substance is low in relation to for example, the heat of evaporation of water, and its fall of specific enthalpy in the turbine is small and the mass flow rate in relation to the output is high, and it is possible to reach a high turbine efficiency even in a range of small capacity.
A hermetic or fully closed-circuit process has the advantage that there are no leaks and the process is thus reliable and durable in operation.
The utilization of high-speed technology, wherein the turbine is-directly coupled with a generator rotating at the same speed and thus producing high-frequency current, has made it possible to further simplify the process such that e.g. a separate reduction gear required by conventional processes as well as shaft inlets are not needed.
A hermetic energy converter of this kind, operating on high-speed technology and based on the ORC process, is known from the publication FI-66234, according to which the bearing of the rotor of the high-speed machine is lubricated by an organic circulating medium, wherein the circulating medium is in a gaseous state. Thus it is possible to reach a very high efficiency, because the losses of gaseous bearing are very small. However, for reasons of manufacturing techniques, bearings lubricated with fluid circulating medium have been shown to be more cost-saving.
The use of the circulating medium in a liquid state in the said bearing system is known for example from U.S. Pat. No. 2,961,550 which relates to the bearings of a power plant lubricated by a circulating medium, with special respect to starting up a power plant. According to the publication, the said bearing system is effected by condensating the circulating medium from a gaseous state into a liquid state by a separate condenser, whereafter the fluid circulating medium is directed to the bearings. With particular attention to starting up the power plant, its bearing pipework is equipped with a valve that operates on the basis of the pressure of the circulating medium and opens at an essentially lower pressure than the main valve in the pipework of the primary circulation, wherein the lubrication of bearings starts before the start of the turbine.
In the small-size power plant or energy converter systems in use, a problem has arisen in connection with different stoppage situations due to disturbances, failures and corresponding reasons when the primary circulation to the turbine must be discontinued and the lubrication of the bearings of the rotor in the high-speed machine in the present systems is discontinued or significantly reduced during a stopping situation. Thus the technique used, by which the rotor generally rotates at the synchronous speed of the network (3000 rpm), results in insufficient lubrication which wears down the bearings and essentially reduces their time of use.
The method according to this invention makes it possible to obtain a decisive improvement to the disadvantages presented above and thus to raise the level of technology in the field. To reach this objective, it is characteristic to the method according to this invention that in a stoppage situation of the primary circulation in the main line of the process, the fluid lubrication of the bearings of the rotor is arranged from the vaporizer of the energy converter, such as from a boiler, a process furnace, a ceramic furnace or corresponding, by means of pressurized circulating medium accumulated in the vaporizer.
One of the most important advantages of the method according to the invention is the essentially longer uninterrupted duty cycles of the high-speed machine, and thus also of the entire energy converter, as well as the essentially longer time of use of the bearings of the said rotor. Also, the controllability of the entire process of the energy converter in a stoppage situation is essentially improved.
The following explanation demonstrates the invention in detail and also refers to the attached drawings wherein

Method for securing the lubrication of bearings in a hermetic high-speed machine


In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a patch of dissolving microneedles loaded with active ingredients to be applied to skin for treating skin conditions is provided. As seen in FIG. 1, the dissolving microneedle patch (10) comprises a substrate (12) and a plurality of microneedles (14) which extends from the substrate. The dissolving microneedle patch (10) is made of a matrix material and at least one active ingredient such as a corticosteroid, namely triamcinolone (TAC). The matrix material is made of bio-compatible materials such as hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or mixture of them, which dissolve rapidly when they are in contact with the inner skin. The active ingredient is loaded onto individual patches with the desirable dosage ranging from 0.01 mg-1.0 mg.

Keloid scars are a common skin disorder with significant morbidity. Prominent symptoms include pain and itch which can significantly impact the quality of life. The undesirable, disfiguring appearance can also lead to emotional distress and psychosocial burden. Current therapeutic options are limited. The first-line option is intra-lesional corticosteroid injections which, due to the sensitivity of keloids, is painful and precludes treatment in many patients. Moreover, there is a high recurrence rate of near 50% Other commonly employed therapies include cryotherapy, radiotherapy and occlusive dressings which have poor efficacy rates, low patient adherence and a high rate of recurrence.
At the National Skin Centre (NSC) in Singapore, in 2012, there were 675 new cases of keloids seen. Statistics show that keloids account for 11.5-34.5 million surgical procedures globally and represent a SGD $7 billion market size. Given the incidence of keloids both locally and worldwide and the limitations with current treatment, there is clearly an unmet need for more effective, tolerable, and reliable therapy.
The current treatment is direct injection of corticosteroid into the keloids using syringes, which is painful. If the keloids cover a large area on the skin, multiple injections are performed to spread the corticosteroid over the entire keloids as uniform as possible. This requires great dexterity and dermatological experience and is normally carried out by a specialist or medical personnel. The shortcomings of the present practice are that the parenteral injection is painful and it is almost impossible to spread the drug evenly across the keloid, even with experienced medical personnel.
Over the past decade, microneedle technology has been increasingly tried for the treatment of skin conditions. The decreased likelihood of causing pain, infection, and injury makes microneedles a great platform for self-administration of drugs. In recent years, drug-loaded dissolving hyaluronic acid microneedles have received extensive attention in transdermal drug delivery. In contrast to drug-coated microneedles, they do not have the risk of leaving foreign material in the skin if broken, can encapsulate sensitive biomolecules within the needle shafts to deliver a specific dosage of drugs, and may have a higher drug-loading capacity.
In particular, microneedle patches are advantageous in treating keloids because the microneedles can deliver the corticosteroid into the keloids painlessly and easily without needing the help of trained medical personnel. Moreover, the microneedle patches can be custom-made into individual keloids' shapes so that the corticosteroid is delivered to and spread evenly over the keloids' site, without spilling over to the normal skin, as corticosteroid is harmful to normal skin.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,539,418 B2 awarded to Cosmed Pharmaceutical reported a microneedle patch made of proteoglycan and U.S. Pat. No. 8,167,152 B2 awarded to Cosmed Pharmaceutical reported a microneedle patch made of hyaluronic acid and collagen. Both patents report dissolving microneedles but they do not contain drug for treating skin conditions such as keloids.
PCT Patent Publication No. WO 2015/122838A1 assigned to Lim et. al. reported a rapidly dissolvable microneedle and the fabrication method thereof, which is reference in its entirety in this present invention.
To our knowledge, there is no published data on the use of drug-embedded dissolving microneedles in the treatment of keloids. As such, the motivation of the present invention is to provide a home-based solution where a custom-shaped microneedle patch loaded with corticosteroid can be applied by a patient at home on daily or weekly basis. The present invention bring forth a is translates to less pain, improved efficacy, feasibility for self-administration, better patient adherence and a lower risk of systemic absorption and local side effects of steroid therapy.

Dissolving microneedle patches comprising corticosteroid


Antibody compositions and methods for treatment of neoplastic disease in a mammalian subject are provided. Methods of diagnosing cancer in a mammalian subject are also provided.

Cancer therapies are based on the theory that cells with accelerated rates of division and proliferation are predisposed to the development of cancer. Recently, a number of epidemiologic studies have shown consistently that high circulating levels of a potent mitogen, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, are associated with increased risk for several common cancers, including those of the breast, prostate, lung, and colorectum. The level of IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, a major IGF-I-binding protein in serum that, in most situations, suppresses the mitogenic action of IGF-I, is inversely associated with the risk of these cancers.
Functionally, IGF-I not only stimulates cell proliferation but also inhibits apoptosis. The combination of these mitogenic and antiapoptotic effects can have an impact on tumor growth. Besides their direct effect on cancer-related cellular activities, members of the IGF family also interact with a variety of molecules that are involved in cancer development and progression, including the sex steroid hormones, products of tumor suppressor genes, and other growth factors. Furthermore, the expression and production of IGF-I, a peptide hormone that is involved in regulating human growth and development, are influenced by nutrition and physical activity. Experiments to understand the molecular structure and physiologic function of members of the IGF family provide insights into the role of mitogenic growth factors in carcinogenesis. Yu and Rohan, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92: 1472-1489, 2000.
IGFs stimulate the proliferation of cultured human breast cancer cells. This stimulation is mediated through the receptor, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGFR-1), which is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. When activated by its ligands (IGF-I or IGF-II), IGFR1 phosphorylates tyrosine residues on two major substrates, IRS-1 and Shc, which subsequently signal through the Ras/Raf and phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase/AKT pathways. IGFR1 plays a crucial role in transformation. Cells derived from IGFR1 knockout mice are resistant to transformation by various viral and cellular oncogenes, including SV40 large T antigen and activated ras, whereas fibroblast cells from wild-type mice can be readily transformed by these oncogenes.
There is increasing epidemiological evidence to link elevated plasma IGF-I level with prostate, breast, and colon cancer risk. Breast cancer tissues from patients exhibit higher IGFR1 expression than adjacent normal tissue, suggesting a link between IGFR1 and breast epithelial cell transformation. It has been reported that the transformation capacity of tumor cells is attenuated when IGFR1 is inhibited using an antisense strategy, neutralizing antibody (anti-IR3 or anti-IGF-I) or dominant negative truncation of the receptor. Hailey, J. et al, Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 1: 1349-1353, 2002; Maloney E. K., et al, Cancer Res. 63: 5073-5083, 2003; Burtrum D., et al, Cancer Res., 63: 8912-8921, 2003; Lu et al., J. Biol. Chem. 279: 2856-2865, 2004; Miyamoto et al., Clin. Cancer Res. 11: 3494-3502, 2005; Goya et al., Cancer Research 64: 6252-6258, 2004. A need exists in the art for improved multi-target therapies to treat neoplastic disease and metastatic cancers.

Human monoclonal antibodies that bind human insulin like growth factors and their use

The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services


A print job processing system determines a set of job size thresholds for a set of print jobs received over a period of time by a print shop. The print shop includes multiple cells. The system orders the job size thresholds from lowest to highest, assigns the lowest job size threshold to a first one of the cells, assigns the highest job size threshold to a second one of the cells, and assigns each of the remaining thresholds to the remaining cells so that each of the cells has an assigned threshold. Then, when the system receives a print job, it determines a size for the received print job, identifies which of the cells has an assigned job size threshold that corresponds to the size of the received print job, and routes the received print job to the identified cell. The identified cell may then process the received print job.

In print shops that produce large sets of documents, such as credit card statements, other bills, marketing materials, or other transactional, customized or repeating documents, it is often the case that job arrivals and due dates follow a repeating pattern. The pattern may have rhythms and/or cycles, such as daily, monthly, weekly and/or annual cycles. Jobs that have shorter patterns typically have shorter due dates, and there can be large penalties if the jobs are late. If a job having a longer pattern and/or deadline arrives when a short deadline job is due, the job may disrupt operation and result in significant time and cost.
This document describes methods and systems that may help solve some or all of the problems described above, and that may provide additional benefits.

Method and system for print shop job routing


This motor control devices provided with: a motor control unit which generates a command value on the basis of a motor drive command acquired from a PLC over a communication line; a drive unit which supplies motor drive voltage according to the command value; an interruption unit which interrupts transmission of the drive signal to the motor; a safety input unit which receives an emergency stop input operation over a control signal line; a reset input unit which receives a reset input operation; a determination unit which determines whether or not safety is maintained on the basis of input to the safety input unit; and a safety control unit which, when the safety input unit receives an emergency stop input operation, performs interruption processing of the drive signal through the interruption unit, and when the reset input unit receives a reset input operation, performs restart processing if safety is maintained.

In recent years, a servo system has been used for, for example, positioning control of operating units in various machines at manufacturing sites. An example of such a servo system includes a system including a servo motor for operating various mechanical devices, an encoder attached to the servo motor, a servo driver for driving the servo motor, and a control device for outputting position command information or the like to the servo driver. Efforts to ensure the safety of workers together with cost reduction and improvement in productivity are becoming important requirements at manufacturing sites. Therefore, a servo system is also required to be suitable for corresponding safety standards.
A servo driver including a safe torque off (STO) function of interrupting a drive current that is supplied to a servo motor in response to an interrupting signal from the outside in order to ensure safety at the time of using the servo motor is known (Patent Literature 1). Further, it is necessary for a stop command to be reliably transferred to the servo driver when a user presses an emergency stop switch, and a safety controller is used for this purpose.
A configuration of a system of the related art with an STO function is illustrated in FIG. 9. In this system, a servo driver 104, a standard programmable logic controller (PLC) 105, and a safety PLC 106 are connected via a network line (a communication line) 101, and the servo driver 104 drives a motor 102 on the basis of a drive command from the standard PLC 105. The safety PLC 106 transfers a command regarding safety such as for emergency stopping to the servo driver 104 via the network line 101. Further, an emergency stop switch 107 is connected to a safety controller 109, and when the emergency stop switch 107 is pressed, a stop command is transferred from the safety controller 109 to the servo driver 104 via an external wiring (a control line). The emergency stop switch 107 has redundant contact portions in order to satisfy safety standards, and the safety controller 109 has a function of determining whether the emergency stop switch 107 has operated normally and maintains safety. The safety controller 109 does not permit a re-operation of the servo driver 104 even when the reset switch 108 is pressed in a case in which safety is not maintained.


A touch panel is disclosed. The touch panel is detects a position of a stylus, which includes first and second resonance circuits. The touch panel includes first and second coils respectively extending in first and second directions. Each of the first coils emits a first signal having a first frequency and receives a second signal having a second frequency, where emitting the first signal and receiving the second signal are successively and respectively performed by the plurality of second coils. In addition, each of second coils emits a second signal having the second frequency and receives a first signal having the first frequency, where emitting the second signal and receiving the first signal are successively performed. The first resonance circuit of the stylus generates the first signal after receiving the first signal, and the second resonance circuit of the electromagnetic stylus generates the second signal after receiving the second signal.

Recently, with the development of humanization and facilitation, touch panels, display panels and display devices with touch function become more and more popular. Based on different working principles, there exist several types of touch panels, such as a resistive-type touch panel, a capacitive-type touch panel, and an electromagnetic-type touch panel. The resistive-type touch panel and the capacitive-type touch panel may be operated by a hand directly. In the case that a stylus is adopted to write, it is difficult to accurately distinguish a touch of the hand from that of the stylus since the hand generally contacts the touch panel. The electromagnetic-type touch panel mainly includes multiple electromagnetic induction coils or antennas, arranged in an X-direction and in a Y-direction, and a positioning device (e.g., an electromagnetic stylus). A location of an electromagnetic stylus can be accurately recognized by the electromagnetic-type touch panel even if the hand is on the panel.
FIG. 1a is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional electromagnetic-type touch panel. As can be seen from FIG. 1a, the electromagnetic-type touch panel includes: first coils 11 (including 11-1, 11-2, 11-3 . . . , 11-48) arranged in an X-direction and extending in a Y-direction, and second coils 12 (including 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 . . . , 12-48) arranged in the Y-direction and extending in the X-direction. Normally, the first coils 11 and the second coils 12 are crossed with each other and are insulated from each other, and both the first coils 11 and the second coils 12 are disposed on a substrate (not shown in FIG. 1a). Taking the first coils 11 as an example and in conjunction with FIGS. 1b and 1c, a method for driving and detecting the conventional touch panel is described. After being applied with a drive signal and emitting an electromagnetic signal, each first coil receives an electromagnetic signal reflected by an electromagnetic stylus and generates an induction signal. The first coil 11-1 is applied with the driving signal and thereby emits an electromagnetic signal. The electromagnetic stylus 13 receives the electromagnetic signal emitted by the first coil 11-1, and a resonance circuit (e.g., an LC resonance circuit) in the electromagnetic stylus 13 generates, through resonance, an electromagnetic signal (i.e., a reflected signal) having a same frequency as the electromagnetic signal emitted by the first coil 11-1, and emits the generated reflected signal. The first coil 11-1 generates an induced signal (which is generally an induced voltage) after receiving the electromagnetic signal reflected by the electromagnetic stylus. Similarly, the first coils 11-2, 11-3, . . . , 11-48 each generates an induced signal. Thus, 48 induced signals are generated. Then a function fitting (e.g., a quadratic function fitting) is performed on the 48 induced signals, and a peak (Xp) of a fitted curve is taken as an X-direction coordinate of a touch position of the electromagnetic stylus. A Y-direction coordinate of the touch position of the electromagnetic stylus may be determined similarly.
With the above touch panel and the method for driving and detecting the touch panel, the touch position of the electromagnetic stylus may be determined properly. However, the driving and detecting efficiency needs to be improved.

Electromagnetic-type touch panel, method for driving and detecting electromagnetic-type touch panel, and coordinate input device

SHANGHAI TIANMA MICRO-ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.