A buckle device includes a main body, a rotational retaining device rotatably mounted to the main body, and a buckle having an end connected to the rotational retaining device to pivot therewith. The rotational retaining device includes a slit through which a free end of a strap is extended. A retaining member is mounted to the other end of the buckle and has an engaging portion for releasably engaging with an engaging section of the main body. The retaining member further includes an operative portion that is operable to disengage the engaging portion of the retaining member from the engaging section of the main body. The operative portion of the retaining member is located away from the free end of the strap when the buckle is in a retained position, thereby preventing inadvertent actuation of the operative portion of the retaining member.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a buckle device with improved safety for cargo trucks or the like.
2. Description of the Related Art
U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,092 issued on Dec. 12, 2000 discloses a buckle device comprising a main body, a rotational retaining means rotatably mounted to the main body, and a buckle having an end connected to the rotational retaining means to pivot therewith. The other end of the buckle includes an engaging plate releasably engaged with two engaging notches of the main body. The rotational retaining means includes two shaft halves having a slit therebetween through which a free end of a strap extends. The free end of the strap wraps around the shaft halves and extends through the slit between the shaft halves when the engaging plate on the buckle engages with the engaging notches of the main body. However, it was found that the engaging plate was apt to be inadvertently impinged and thus disengaged from the engaging notches of the main body. In addition, the engaging plate was also apt to be impinged by the strap as a result of improper operation. These deficiencies caused relative rotation between the buckle and the main body and thus resulted in accidents.
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved buckle device that has a different arrangement in which an operative portion of a retaining member for effecting release of the buckle is located away from the free end of the strap to thereby avoid inadvertent actuation of the retaining member of the buckle device.
A buckle device in accordance with the present invention comprises a main body, a rotational retaining device rotatably mounted to the main body, and a buckle having an end connected to the rotational retaining device to pivot therewith. The rotational retaining device includes a slit through which a free end of a strap is extended. A retaining member is mounted to the other end of the buckle and has an engaging portion for releasably engaging with an engaging section of the main body. The retaining member further includes an operative portion that is operable to disengage the engaging portion of the retaining member from the engaging section of the main body. The operative portion of the retaining member is located away from the free end of the strap when the buckle is in a retained position, thereby preventing inadvertent actuation of the operative portion of the retaining member.
Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

No. 12, Alley 111, Lane 437, Chen Hsing Road


A delivery catheter that includes a flexible shaft having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal end having an outer diameter less than about 13 mm; a delivery lumen having a proximal end and a distal end, the delivery lumen within the flexible shaft, the delivery lumen having at least an outlet port or at least one side hole at the distal end of the delivery lumen, the delivery lumen having a cross-sectional area at least about 5 mm2; a pressure monitoring lumen having a proximal end and a distal end, the pressure monitoring lumen within the flexible shaft; a pressure port adjacent to and connected to the distal end of the pressure monitoring lumen; a balloon inflation lumen having a proximal end and a distal end, the balloon inflation lumen within the flexible shaft; a soft tip at the distal end of the flexible shaft; a balloon at the distal end of the flexible shaft, the balloon connected to the distal end of the balloon inflation lumen, the balloon includes at least one of the following materials, polyether block amide resin, polyetheramide, polyurethane, silicone, natural latex, or synthetic latex; wherein the balloon is adapted to inflate to a diameter range of about 4 to about 15 mm.

1. Field of the Invention
Cardiovascular catheters.
2. Description of Related Art
Generally, cardiovascular catheters are known in the art. U.S. Pat. No. 4,927,412 discloses a coronary sinus catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,021,045 discloses a retrograde cardioplegia catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,427 discloses a stylet.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,385,548 discloses a catheter for retrograde perfusion of the heart.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,597,377 discloses a catheter for retroperfusion.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,620,418 discloses a coronary sinus catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,662,607 discloses a catheter for supplying liquid to the coronary sinus.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,707,358 discloses a perfusion catheter for use in open heart surgery.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,720,726 discloses a catheter for retrograde perfusion of the heart.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,779,685 discloses a retrograde cardioplegia catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,326 discloses a coronary sinus catheter assembly.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,879,499 discloses a process for forming a multi-lumen catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,913,842 discloses a retrograde delivery catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,916,193 discloses a venting catheter, system and method for use.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,967,988 discloses a retrograde coronary sinus perfusion catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,071,271 discloses a catheter system for use in minimally invasive cardiac surgical procedures.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,241,699 discloses a catheter system and method of use.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,340,356 discloses an intraluminal catheter.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,458,323 discloses a method for selective perfusion of fluids through blood vessels.
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/822,678, which published as Publication No. 2001/0044624, discloses a combination method and system for intravascularly accessing and visualizing a body structure.
Copending U.S. Application having Ser. No. 10/246,249, filed on Sep. 18, 2002, discloses devices and methods to stimulate therapeutic angiogenesis. U.S. application Ser. No. 10/246,249 is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Copending U.S. Application having Ser. No. 10/293,535, filed on Nov. 12, 2002, discloses a guide catheter. U.S. application Ser. No. 10/293,535 is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.


Each execution computer measures a load on each execution computer, generates a job request including information about the number of executable divided jobs based on the measured load, and sends the generated job request to a management computer which manages each execution computer. The management computer receives the job request and assigns as many divided jobs as the number of divided jobs designated by the job request to each execution computer.

When a financial institution or the like executes, for example, daily processing or monthly processing, they sometimes process a large amount of data offline by means of batch processing. Under this circumstance, a method for distributing a large amount of data on a cluster of computer devices and executing parallel processing on them is suggested (see Patent Literature 1).
Patent Literature 1 describes that when a master process receives input data, it divides the received input data into smaller units and locates the divided data at a plurality of worker processes and each worker process processes the data which are divided into smaller units, returns the processing results to the master process and the master process summarizes the processing results of each worker process.
Even if a worker process which cannot execute processing occurs due to a failure at a plurality of servers or storage apparatuses, the method described in Patent Literature 1 makes it possible to reset the processing to another worker process instead of the worker process in which the failure has occurred.
Moreover, when processing data, a method for distributing the data to a plurality of distribution processing apparatuses (execution computers) and having them process the distributed data and having one distribution processing control unit (management computer) manage the processing status of each distribution processing apparatus is suggested (see Patent Literature 2). Patent Literature 2 describes that the management computer monitors a load on each execution computer and distributes jobs preferentially to an execution computer with a small load.

Computer system and divided job processing method and program


The surgical instrument according to the present invention includes a tape that includes a netting enclosed by a thin plastic sheath such that insertion is facilitated while avoiding irritation or damage of body tissue. The surgical instrument further includes a shank having a handle at one end thereof, and a curved needle-like element, which is constructed to be connected with the shank to form a curved portion.

The invention relates to a surgical instrument for treating female urinary incontinence.
Document WO-A-9606567 discloses a surgical incontinence device that allows for alleviating female urinary incontinence while restoring continence by attaching two curved needles to a tape that is intended to be permanently implanted into the tissue between the vaginal wall and the abdominal wall of a patient, thus strengthening the tissue required to restore the urinary continence.
The surgical instrument according to the present invention is an improvement over the instrument described hereinabove. More specifically, the surgical instrument comprises a tape that includes a netting enclosed by a thin plastic sheath such that insertion is facilitated while avoiding irritation or damage of body tissue. The surgical instrument further comprises a shank having a handle at one end thereof, and a curved needle-like element, which is constructed to be connected with the shank to form a curved portion.

Surgical instrument for treating female urinary incontinence


An IC testing apparatus performs testing on a test device such as an IC using test signals each consisting of test pulses. The apparatus contains skew adjusting circuits, drivers and comparators. Herein, the skew adjusting circuit receives a test signal to perform a skew adjustment. The driver converts an output of the skew adjusting circuit in voltage to match with the test device, so that an output signal of the driver is sent to the test device for the testing. The comparator compares an input signal thereof given from the test device with a reference value. Due to the provision of the drivers and comparators, there is the driver skew and comparator skew. A decision circuit is provided to make a decision as to whether the output of the skew adjusting circuit delays or advances from a decision strobe signal which synchronizes with the test signal, thus producing a decision signal. An amount of skew corrections is counted from the decision signal with a precision to create skew correction data. The skew adjusting circuits are controlled based on the skew correction data to perform the skew adjustment. By controlling the precision, it is possible to realize a high-precision skew adjustment on the test signals which contain jitters.

This invention relates to IC testing apparatuses which perform testing on test devices such as integrated circuits (ICs). Particularly, this invention relates to an IC testing apparatus which is capable of adjusting the skew (i.e., time delay) between signals transmitted with respect to test devices.
The skew occurs when transmitting these signals through multiple transmission systems. So, the skew indicates a shift deviated from expected values representing phases which occur between the signals or expected values representing amplitudes of the signals in time. There are 2 kinds of skews, i.e., a driver skew and a comparator skew. The driver skew occurs when a test signal applied to a test device passes through a driver. That is, the driver skew is caused to occur due to errors in characteristics of elements constructing the driver or errors of circuits constructing the driver. The comparator skew occurs when a receiving signal passes through a comparator. Herein, the receiving signal is a signal which is output from the test device and is input to the IC testing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the IC testing apparatus. In FIG. 3, skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n and 2-1 to 2-n delay or advance 1-bit test signals d1 to dn and D1 to Dn respectively. Herein, a test signal forming circuit (not shown) is constructed based on skew correction data, the contents of which will be described later. Drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n are connected in series with the skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n and 2-1 to 2-n respectively. The drivers convert the test signals to the voltage which matches with a test device.
Comparators 5-1 to 5-n are connected to follow outputs of the drivers 4-1 to 4-n respectively. Each of the comparators performs a comparison between an output signal of the test device and a reference value which is determined in advance on the basis of the voltage matching with the test device. If the output signal of the test device is higher than the reference value, the comparator provides an output of `H` (i.e., a high-level output). Skew adjusting circuits 6-1 to 6-n are configured similar to the aforementioned skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n and 2-1 to 2-n, wherein they are connected to follow outputs of the comparators 5-1 to 5-n respectively. In addition, the skew adjusting circuits 6-1 to 6-n each receive skew correction data. On the basis of the skew correction data, the skew adjusting circuits 6-1 to 6-n delay or advance output signals of the comparators 5-1 to 5-n respectively.
The test device has multiple signal pins which contain an input pin and an input/output pin. Herein, the input pin is exclusively used for inputting of a signal, whilst the input/output pin is used for inputting and outputting of a signal. The drivers 3-1 to 3-n are connected to the input pin of the test device. The drivers 4-1 to 4-n and the comparators 5-1 to 5-n are connected to the input/output pin of the test device.
A skew multiplexer 10 has multiple lines of input/output terminals, disposed at a left side thereof, as well as a single line of input/output terminals positioned at a right side thereof. The multiple lines of input/output terminals of the skew multiplexer 10 are connected to follow outputs of the drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n. In the skew multiplexer 10, connections are sequentially made between the multiple lines of input/output terminals and the single line of input/output terminals under the control of a central processing unit (i.e., CPU) 15, the content of which will be described later. A driver 11 is configured similarly to the aforementioned drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n. Further, a comparator 12 is configured as similar to the aforementioned comparators 5-1 to 5-n. The single line of input/output terminals of the skew multiplexer 10 is connected to follow an output of the driver 11 as well as an input of the comparator 12.
A decision circuit 13 has two inputs and one output. Herein, a first input of the decision circuit 13 is connected to an output of the comparator 12. In addition, a second input of the decision circuit 13 receives a decision strobe signal which forms a reference in timing for driver signals applied to the test device. The decision strobe signal synchronizes with the test signals input to the skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n and 2-1 to 2-n. At a leading-edge timing of the decision strobe signal, the decision circuit 13 latches an output signal of the comparator 12 to make a decision on its timing. For example, if the output signal of the comparator 12 is in a high (H) level at the leading-edge timing of the decision strobe signal, the decision circuit 13 provides an output of `H`. In contrast, if the output signal is in a low (L) level, the decision circuit 13 provides an output of `L`. The output of the decision circuit 13 is called a decision signal which represents an event of `pass` if it is `L` or which represents an event of `fail` (or failure) if it is `H`. So, the output of the decision circuit 13 representing `pass` or `fail` is input to an OR circuit 14.
Next, decision circuits 9-1 to 9-n are connected to the skew adjusting circuits 6-1 to 6-n respectively. They are configured similar to the decision circuit 13 described above. So, outputs of the decision circuits 9-1 to 9-n representing `pass` or `fail` are input to the OR circuit 14. The CPU 15 calculates skew correction data based on an output of the OR circuit 14. The skew correction data controls the skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n, 2-1 to 2-n and 6-1 to 6-n. In addition, the CPU 15 stores the calculated skew correction data in a storage device (not shown) such as a hard-disk unit in a file form. As described before, the CPU 15 is provided to control the skew multiplexer 10. In addition, the CPU 15 performs an overall control on the apparatus as a whole. A skew register unit 16 contains registers which work for the skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n, 2-1 to 2-n and 6-1 to 6-n respectively. So, the calculated skew correction data are stored in each of the registers.
Next, a description will be given with respect to operations of the apparatus of FIG. 3, which adjusts the driver skew of the test signals applied to the test device, in conjunction with FIGS. 4A to 4L. FIGS. 4A to 4L are time charts representing waveshapes of signals monitored at certain portions of the IC testing apparatus of FIG. 3. The waveshape of FIG. 4A represents each of the test signals d1 to dn and D1 to Dn which are applied to the apparatus. Because of the functions of the skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n, 2-1 to 2-n, 6-1 to 6-n and the functions of the drivers 3-1 to 3-n, 4-1 to 4-n, the test signal originally represented by the waveshape of FIG. 4A is shifted in timing to form a waveshape of FIG. 4B. In response to the test signals, the drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n provide output signals, each represented by a waveshape of FIG. 4C, whose voltage is converted to match with the test device. Incidentally, FIG. 4C shows an example of the waveshape, representing the output signal of the driver, which is not shifted from the original waveshape of the test signal shown in FIG. 4A.
Only one of the output signals of the drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n is selected by the CPU 15 and is input to the comparator 12 via the skew multiplexer 10. For example, the output signal of the driver 3-1 is firstly selected and is input to the comparator 12; next, the output signal of the driver 3-2 is selected and is input to the comparator 12. The comparator 12 performs comparison between a predetermined reference value thereof and the selected output signal of the driver corresponding to the test signal. Then, a result of the comparison is forwarded to the decision circuit 13. So, the decision circuit 13 latches a value of an output signal of the comparator 12 at a leading-edge timing of the decision strobe signal having a waveshape shown in FIG. 4E. FIG. 4F shows a waveshape of the output signal of the comparator 12.
On the basis of the latched value of the output signal of the comparator 12, the decision circuit 13 produces a decision signal representing `pass` or `fail`. The decision signal is forwarded to the CPU 15 via the OR circuit 14. So, the CPU 15 makes a decision, based on the decision signal which is produced in response to the test signal (e.g., d1), as to whether or not the decision signal delays or advances from the decision strobe signal. If it advances, the CPU 15 calculates skew correction data to instruct `delay`. If it delays, the CPU 15 calculates skew correction data to instruct `advance`.
The calculated skew correction data are stored in the storage device in the file form and are forwarded to the corresponding register of the skew register unit 16. So, the skew adjusting circuit 1-1 sets a delay time or an advance time (see FIGS. 4G and 4H) based on the skew correction data stored in the corresponding register of the skew register unit 16. Thereafter, the CPU 15 gradually changes the skew correction data which are forwarded to the skew register unit 16. Such a gradual change of the skew correction data is continuously made until a transition occurs from `pass` to `fail` (or from `fail` to `pass`) with respect to the decision signal which the decision circuit 13 outputs in response to the selected test signal (i.e., output signal of the selected driver). Such an operation is called a `binary search`. A point of the transition corresponds to a leading-edge timing of a decision strobe signal shown in FIG. 4I. So, the test signals should be matched with the above timing.
After completion of the binary search which the CPU 15 performs with respect to the selected test signal, the CPU 15 issues an instruction to the skew multiplexer 10 to select another test signal. Based on the instruction, the skew multiplexer 10 newly selects a test signal. So, the CPU 15 performs a binary search on the test signal newly selected. Thus, it is possible to adjust the test signal in timing. As described heretofore, the CPU 15 performs the binary search on all of the test signals d1 to dn and D1 to Dn, thus adjusting them in timings.
As a result, all the test signals (i.e., output signals of the drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n) correspond with each other in timings. Thus, it is possible to obtain the test signals which do not have shifts in the skew (see FIGS. 4I and 4K). The CPU 15 obtains final results of the calculations for providing the skew correction data which are forwarded to the skew adjusting circuits 1-1 to 1-n and 2-1 to 2-n to provide the test signals without shifts in the skew. The final results of the skew correction data are stored in the skew register unit 16 and are also stored in the storage unit in the file form. The above process is sequentially performed on the test signals (i.e., output signals of the drivers 3-1 to 3-n and 4-1 to 4-n).
Next, a description will be given with respect to operations to adjust the comparator skew. As described before, the comparator skew occurs when the receiving signal, which is outputted from the test device and is input to the IC testing apparatus, passes through the comparator. At first, a skew adjustment reference signal, which simulates the aforementioned test signal shown in FIG. 4A, is input to the driver 11. The driver 11 converts the skew adjustment reference signal in voltage to match with the test device. So, the skew adjustment reference signal whose voltage is converted to match with the test device is applied to the single line of input/output terminals of the skew multiplexer 10. Under the control of the CPU 15, the skew multiplexer 10 makes connections between the single line of input/output terminals and the multiple lines of input/output terminals respectively. For example, the single line of input/output terminals is firstly connected to the comparator 5-1 and is next connected to the comparator 5-2.
Suppose that the skew adjustment reference signal is input to the comparator 5-1 via the skew multiplexer 10. Herein, the comparator 5-1 compares the skew adjustment reference signal with a predetermined reference value (input thereto). Then, an output of the comparator 5-1 is forwarded to the skew adjusting circuit 6-1 wherein it is delayed or advanced. An output signal of the skew adjusting circuit 6-1 is forwarded to the decision circuit 9-1. The decision circuit 9-1 latches a value of the output signal of the skew adjusting circuit 6-1 at a certain timing of a decision strobe signal input thereto which synchronizes with the reference signal. So, the decision circuit 9-1 makes a decision of `pass` or `fail` on the latched value. Thus, the decision circuit 9-1 produces a decision signal representing `pass` or `fail`, which is forwarded to the OR circuit 14. The CPU 15 calculates skew correction data based on the decision signal outputted from the decision circuit 9-1. The calculated skew correction data are stored in the storage device in the file form and are also stored in a register of the skew register unit 16 which corresponds to the skew adjusting circuit 6-1. So, the CPU 15 performs a binary search as described before. Such a binary search is sequentially performed with respect to outputs of the comparators 5-1 to 5-n. As described before, the skew adjustment reference signal is input to the comparators 5-1 to 5-n respectively at different timings; however, the CPU 15 controls the skew adjusting circuits 6-1 to 6-n to adjust timings to provide output signals. That is, the output signals are provided at a same timing.
The aforementioned example of the IC testing apparatus is designed to perform skew corrections by detecting a transition point of the test signal and skew adjustment reference signal with respect to the leading-edge timing of the decision strobe signal. In the actual measurement of the test device, the test signals d1 to dn and D1 to Dn are continuously provided and are input to the apparatus. So, there is a possibility that jitters occur due to shifts in timings of the signals as shown in FIG. 4L. If the jitters occur, the aforementioned example of the IC testing apparatus cannot specify a timing, within the jitters, to perform a skew correction. This greatly affects the precision of the test signals d1 to dn and D1 to Dn in timings. A frequency of the jitters becomes great with respect to high-frequency signals. In short, the IC testing apparatus suffers from a problem of the jitters.


A composite bearing structure can withstand high speed rotation has first, second and third bearing components. The first bearing component supports a radial impact force applied to a rotator during rotation, and is made of an inner ring (1) and an outer ring (2) of silicon nitride ceramic sintered bodies. The second bearing component supports an axial load applied to the rotator while maintaining a required clearance between itself and the rotator and is made of two permanent magnets (12, 13) positioned thrustdirectionally opposite to each other. The third bearing component maintains a radial rotational accuracy of the rotator, and is made of a radial dynamic pressure producing groove (5) provided on a cylindrical surface of the inner ring (1).

In general, a member forming a rotary part which is provided in a laser printer, a facsimile, a bar code reader or the like must be capable of withstanding high speed rotation. As the printing speed, for example, a rotator of a polygon mirror in a laser printer must rotate at a speed of at least 20000 r.p.m. In a sliding portion of such a rotator, a ball bearing is generally used as a bearing, for example. So far as such a conventional ball bearing is employed, however, the rotator can merely withstand a rotating speed of about 16000 r.p.m. at the maximum, due to problems of burning, wear and the like.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2-173610 (1990) proposes an air bearing (dynamic pressure gas bearing) of ceramics such as SiC or Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, which is employed for a rotary sliding portion in order to drive a polygon mirror of a laser printer at a high speed. Upon rotation of a rotator which is supported by such an air bearing, air is forcibly introduced at least into a clearance between a radial bearing member or a thrust bearing member and the rotator through a groove. Thus, the air pressure in the clearance is so increased that the rotator can rotate at a high speed with the aid of the air bearing. In order to implement such high speed rotation, rotational accuracy is maintained during high speed rotation through the air bearing, which is also adapted to support a thrust-directional load being applied to the rotator. The radial bearing member and the rotator, which are formed of ceramics, can withstand a sliding between the members in a low speed region which starting or stopping of the rotator.
When a conventional radial bearing member of ceramics such as Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 or the like is employed at a high rotating speed exceeding 5000 r.p.m., however, an impacting knock wear phenomenon results from contact between the bearing members. Specifically, the radial impact force applied to the rotator during high speed rotation causes a sliding between the members in a high speed region, and it is difficult for a conventional ceramic sintered body to withstand such a high speed sliding When the radial or thrust bearing member is formed as an air bearing member which is made of a ceramic sintered body, therefore, it is difficult to support a radial impact force suddenly applied to the rotator during high speed rotation, although the rotational accuracy is maintained and a thrust-directional load applied to the rotator is supported.
When the air bearing member is made of ceramics, further, such a ceramic member must be worked or assembled with a high accuracy, and hence the manufacturing cost is increased. In addition, the air bearing member must be used in a clean environment, to be protected against dust. Thus, the structure related to the air bearing member is so complicated that a closed container may be required to contain the same, and the space therefor is disadvantageously increased. In order to solve such a problem, a bushing type slide bearing member made of ceramics may be used as a bearing for high speed rotation.
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of a conventional bushing type slide bearing member of ceramics. The known bushing type slide bearing member comprises two thrust slide bearing members 81 and 82, a radial slide bearing member 83 and a rotator 84, which are paired with each other. Such a bushing type slide bearing member can withstand a sliding between the members in a low speed region when starting or stopping. Similarly to the aforementioned air bearing member of ceramics, however, an impacting knock wear phenomenon is caused by the contact between the bearing members as a result of a sliding contact following high speed rotation at a speed exceeding 5000 r.p.m. Therefore, it is difficult for the conventional bushing type slide bearing member to withstand such sliding, and hence any frictional resistance is increased by roughened sliding surfaces. This tendency is particularly remarkable with respect to a thrustdirectional load. A thrustdirectional frictional resistance caused by such a thrust load is 5 to 10 times larger than a radial frictional resistance. Thus, when a bushing type slide bearing member of ceramics is employed as a bearing for high speed rotation, it is difficult to support not only a sudden radial impact force during rotation but also a thrust-directional load which is applied to the rotor of the bearing.


A blown fuse indicator for a cartridge fuse wherein conductive brackets are mounted between electrical insulating end caps and the ends of a tube housing a lamp and associated resistors. Each conductive bracket includes a disc portion having a polygonal aperture for receiving a sleeve integral with the cap, the sleeve having a polygonal cross-sectional configuration corresponding to the disc aperture. The free ends of the lamp and resistor leads extend through the disc portion of the conductive bracket and are pressed and gripped between the cap and conductive bracket. The conductive bracket also includes a blade portion which may have a planar surface, a corrugated surface or a reversely bent portion to provide direct and positive contact with the end walls of the fuse ferrules, whether they be flat, concave or convex.

The blown fuse indicator of the present invention is of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,794,948 dated Feb. 26, 1974, and owned by the same assignee as the instant application, wherein a lamp and associated resistors are housed within a translucent tube having contact terminals at each end thereof to which electrically conductive brackets are secured for engagement with the end surfaces of the ferrules on each end of a cartridge fuse, whereby the indicator is supported on the fuse cartridge. By this construction and arrangement, when the fuse blows, the lamp glows to indicate that the fuse has blown.
While these fuse indicators have been satisfactory for their intended purpose, they have required many connection steps and parts in their manufacture. For instance, the blown fuse indicator disclosed in the above-mentioned patent requires a screw to secure the contact terminal to the translucent tube, a rivet for securing the conductive bracket to the contact terminal, and a boot or cap to cover the exposed conductive parts on each end of the indicator.


A method and system for efficiently executing a predefined process within a data processing system having multiple objects and a movable cursor element displayed therein. A user defined executable process is specified within the data processing system which may be applied to one or more arbitrary objects within the data processing system. The user defined executable process is then associated with the movable cursor within the data processing system. Thereafter, each time an object is graphically selected within the data processing system utilizing the movable cursor, the user defined executable process is applied to the selected object. The physical appearance of the movable cursor is preferably altered to indicate the association of the user defined executable process with the movable cursor and an error message is returned in response to a selection of an object which cannot be processed utilizing the user defined executable process.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates in general to an improved data processing system and in particular to a method and system for efficiently executing a predefined process within a data processing system. Still more particularly, the present invention relates to a graphical technique for executing a predefined process within the data processing system.
2. Description of the Related Art
Data processing systems are becoming increasingly complex as technology and software become more complicated. As the complexity of such systems increases, it is of increasing importance to simplify the interface between a user and the data processing system in order to render execution of selected tasks within the data processing system more efficient, if possible.
Recently selected software applications have been created which support the creation and utilization of user defined macros that may be applied within some context of that application. For example, modern word processing applications often permit a user to enter a "record" mode and thereafter specify a series of procedural steps which are to be recorded and executed each time the user invokes that macro. While such systems permit a user to define a macro or batch file for execution within a particular context of an application, no such procedure exists which permits a user to define a user specified process which may be applied to any number of arbitrarily selected user interface objects, such as icons, files, documents or the like, in an application independent manner.
One reason that such known user defined macros are limited to a single context is the difficulty in specifying the manner in which the predefined processes which make up the macro are to be applied to a particular object within the data processing system. It should thus be apparent that a need exists for a technique whereby iterative processing of objects within an electronic desktop may be efficiently performed and applied to an arbitrary object within a data processing system.

Method and system for cursor applied processing within a data processing system

International Business Machines Corporation


A roof ridge vent has a pair of opposed, spaced-apart, elongate strips of ventilation material providing ventilation passageways transversely therethrough and forms opposed longitudinally-extending sides of the vent. The elongate ventilation strips are interconnected by a plurality of supports extending transverse relative to the elongate ventilation strips. Each adjacent pair of supports defines an opening therebetween such that an underlying roof surface is visible to an installer through the openings. A vent assembly and method of installation are provided.

The present invention relates to a roof ridge vent that enables circulation of air between a roof of a building and an underlying ceiling structure, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a vent, a roof ridge vent assembly, and a method of installing a vent on a roof ridge.
It is useful, and in many locales a building code requirement, that the attic area of a building be provided with a means to permit air exchange. The ventilation prevents undue heat buildup that can render the living quarters of the building uncomfortable and that can impose unreasonable energy requirements for cooling. Proper ventilation of the attic area also preserves the structural integrity of the roof and roof coverings.
One method of venting a roof structure consists of applying a venting media over an elongate open slot formed along a roof ridge. These types of vents are known as ridge vents and enable hot and/or moist air to rise and escape from the attic area uniformly along the length of the roof ridge. Examples of ridge vents are provided by U.S. Pat. No. 5,960,595 issued to McCorsley et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,298,613 B1, U.S. Pat. No. 6,308,472 B1, U.S. Pat. No. 5,902,432 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,673,521 issued to Coulton et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,277,024 B1 issued to Coulton, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,942,699 issued to Spinelli and U.S. Patent Applications Publications Nos. 2005/0136831 A1 and 2005/0090197 A1 of Coulton. Each of the above referenced patents and published applications are owned, or co-owned, by Benjamin Obdyke, Inc., the assignee of the present application. U.S. Pat. No. 4,876,950 issued to Rudeen and U.S. Pat. No. 6,662,510 B2 issued to Rotter provide examples of other roof ridge ventilation systems.
While the roof ridge vents disclosed in the above referenced patents may function in an acceptable and/or superior manner, there continues to be a need for alternatives with respect to the design, manufacture and installation of roof ridge vent products. A desired vent should permit a sufficient amount of ventilating air flow without compromising weather infiltration resistance and should be capable of being properly installed in a manner requiring labor skills possessed by the average roof installer. In addition, the vent should be capable of efficient manufacture from inexpensive materials.

Roof ridge vent, assembly and method of installation


A sortation system and method of sorting product includes providing a sorter assembly and a supply system supplying product that is received by the sorter assembly. Product supplied to the sorter assembly is monitored and a parameter is determined that is indicative of the relationship between product supplied to the sorter assembly and product being sorted by the sorter assembly. The supply system is controlled as a function of a value of the parameter.

The present invention is directed to a sortation system and method and, in particular, to a sortation system and method in which product is supplied from a plurality of feed lines, such as accumulation lines or slug-building lines, and merged with a merge assembly.
In a material-handling system, it is common for product to be supplied from various sources and combined at a merge assembly. In such a system, the product may be accumulated upstream of the merge, such as in a plurality of slug-building lines in which the product is combined into slugs. An example of such a system is a system in which product is picked, manually or automatically, at multiple locations, each of which feeds a feed line. Alternatively, the product may be off-loaded from trucks at numerous docks and supplied to the feed lines.
The outputs of the feed lines are combined at a merge assembly and transported to a sortation assembly. The feed lines discharge product in a particular sequence to the merge assembly where they are combined and transported to the sorter assembly.
One difficulty with such material-handling system is that the performance curve of the sorter assembly and the performance curve of the merge assembly are typically different. Reference is made to FIG. 1. The merge assembly typically supplies fewer products than the sorter can sort with larger carton sizes and feeds more product than the sorter can sort with smaller carton sizes. While this would not typically be a problem if a unitary product size is handled by the material-handling system, most material-handling systems are required to handle a range of product sizes. As such, it is difficult to match the rate of the merge assembly with the rate of the sorter assembly resulting in either too much product or too few product being supplied to the sorter assembly at any particular time.


Flexible impact or blast-resistant composite material comprising:a strike-face (1) comprising impact-resistant, adjacent tiles (2) having complementary mating edges, and a flexible material (4) having at least one layer, the material having a high resistance to local deformation and by itself being of non-ballistic properties, wherein the tiles of the strike-face are integral with the flexible material.

The invention relates to impact-resistant materials, in particular of the type suitable for ballistic protection.
The widespread availability of guns, rifles, pistols knives and other assorted equipment which characterises the last part of this century, has given rise to an increased demand for materials to protect both humans and equipment against these hazards.
Historically, the development of weapons has been followed by a respective development of armour systems to defeat them. A more advanced, penetrative weapon, or a cutting implement harder than the armour, require heavier armour to defeat it. Typically, heavier armour has a number of significant disadvantages. In the case of body or vehicle armour, higher weight reduces mobility. Heavier armour also tends to be bulkier and less flexible, which is a problem in particular with armoured vests. In general, armouring material is expensive and using more, increases both weight and cost of the product.
Armour producers were among the first to use advanced, high-strength lightweight materials such as fabrics comprised of aramid fibres, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres, carbon fibres and liquid crystal polyester fibres, as well as high density, lightweight, hard materials, such as titanium, alumina oxide-, boron carbide-, silicon carbide- and metal matrix-ceramics, and ultra hard metals.
In order to achieve the desired protective properties, selected materials have often been combined with each other in layer-like fashion.
One of the most successful multi-layer types of materials for use against high-energy impacts, such as those caused by high-velocity rifle bullets, employs a strike-face comprising the hardest available material within weight/cost constraints in a multiple-tile configuration. The tiles can be made of ceramic, metal, plastic, metal alloys, rapid solidification (RSM) materials or metal or ceramic foams. The strike-face layer is applied (e.g. by mechanical fixing, lamination or gluing) upon a stiff energy absorbing material which may be a metal or plastic layer, or layers of softer material such as the high-tech fabrics mentioned above, or combinations thereof. These fabrics must be consolidated by a lamination process employing various resins, e.g. phenolic-, polyester-, vinylester-, epoxy-, polyethylene-, polycarbonate- or other suitable resins.
The most commonly employed material illustrating the state of the art strike face would be boron carbide ceramic tiles. Known tile shapes are square, rectangular, hexagonal or diamond. The tiles are arranged side by side, in a multiple tile configuration with mating edges, adhered to an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE) laminate. The thickness and density of both the ceramic and laminate are engineered to be sufficient to defeat the specified threat.
Functionally, when the ceramic tile (strike-face) is impacted it destroys the penetrative ability of the impactor by radical deformation and, should the impactor have sufficient remaining energy to pass beyond the ceramic tile, the minor remaining energy is absorbed by the laminate. The intimate adhesion of the ceramic to the laminate is of primary importance since unsupported ceramic is by nature brittle and requires a rigid backing support. The absence of such a support would cause the resistance to decrease significantly, leading to failure to meet the desired level of impact-resistance. Another requirement of such a construction is for the mating edges to be placed tightly against one another, in case the impactor strikes the joint of two or more tiles. Such a construction is necessarily rigid and inflexible, if it is to satisfy accepted specifications, for example, United States National Institute of Justice (USNIJ) 0101.03 Ballistic Standard or other National Standards for ballistics or impact, such as the United Kingdom""s Police Scientific Development Branch (PSDB) Stab-resistant Body Armour Test Procedure October 1993.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,867,239 is directed to an armour construction with an array of platelets contoured edges wherein the construction uses an overlapping stepped joint construction to improve the protection at the joints. This construction reduces flexibility.
There is therefore a need for a material utilising an appropriate strike face, whilst at the same time remaining flexible.
The invention is particularly, but not exclusively, applicable in the ballistic protection field. The invention is largely based on the construction of a supportive layer behind the, strike face tiles which is made to be of non-ballistic properties, yet still have a high resistance to local deformation.
In this regard, it should be noted that the material xe2x80x9cbeing of non-ballistic propertiesxe2x80x9d means that the flexible material layer (which may itself comprise one or more layers), is by itself unable to meet any international ballistics standard. The lowest internationally recognised ballistics standard can, for the purposes of this invention, be regarded as the xe2x80x9cCEN 1063 standard for bullet resistance of glazing: handguns and riflesxe2x88x92BRI calibre 0.22 inch (5.59 mm) long riflexe2x80x9d. The flexible material layer of non-ballistic properties according to the invention thus has ballistics resistance properties which are in the range of about 2% to 50% of the aforementioned lowest ballistic standard, preferably between about 5% and 50% of said standard, more preferably between about 10% and 35% of said standard, and most preferably between 15% and 25% of said standard. As such, the flexible material would not have any recognised or useful ballistic resistance by itself.
According to the invention, there is provided a flexible impact- or blast-resistant composite material.
Due to the complementary mating edges, the tiles are easily placed in an abutting relationship without a gap therebetween.
The flexible material acts as a support for the strike face tiles, while maintaining desired flexibility properties.
By xe2x80x9cstrike-facexe2x80x9d is meant that side of the material which is intended to resist an attack. This is the layer which is first struck by the impactor.
By xe2x80x9chigh resistance to local deformationxe2x80x9d is meant a material which produces an indentation of 10 mm or less when subject to a local deformation test as hereinafter described.
By xe2x80x9cintegral withxe2x80x9d is meant any manner by which the tiles are made one with the flexible material, including chemical and mechanical attachments including combinations thereof, such as adhering and/or encapsulating.
The invention also relates to impact resistant tiles. Such tiles are suitable for use with ballistic or impact resistant materials.
The tiles may have a shape such that when a plurality of identical tiles are suitably placed adjacent each other they form a continuous surface. It is also possible to make mating combinations of tiles having different shapes.
The tiles may be planar with one of the following shapes: square (a), rectangular (b), hexagonal (c), diamond (d), double hexagonal (e), butterfly (f), chevron (g) half-trapezium (h), stretched hexagon (i), trapezium (j), rectangle with curved shorter ends curved in same direction (k), T-shape (l), segment of circle with radii in the form of curves with the same radius as the circle (m), butterfly (n), or complex rhombic.
The shapes of the tiles may preferably have corners greater than 90 degrees and when the tiles are arranged side by side, have a maximum of three tiles at an intersection.
The tiles may be non-planar and have one of the following shapes: cylindrical (p), pyramid (q), truncated pyramid (r) or angle shape (s).
Suitably the tiles may comprise ceramic tiles, preferably boron carbide ceramic.
Further scope of the applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.


One embodiment includes an accelerometer system. The accelerometer system can include a Far-Off Resonance Trap (FORT) control system configured to generate an optical trapping beam. The system can also include a FORT accelerometer detection system including a FORT that is configured to trap a cluster of atoms based on the optical trapping beam. The FORT accelerometer detection system can also include an interrogation system configured to determine motion of the cluster of atoms along at least one axis resulting from an external acceleration in the at least one axis based on a relative phase shift of an optical probe beam through the cluster of atoms. The system can further include an acceleration processor configured to calculate the external acceleration in the at least one axis based on the relative phase shift of the optical probe beam.

Many types of instruments have been developed for measuring acceleration. One such example is a force-rebalanced accelerometer. For example, in a pendulous electrostatic force-rebalanced accelerometer, electrostatic forcing in a closed loop system is employed to position and obtain an output from a pendulous inertial mass or proof mass. The electrostatic forcing system may employ a capacitive pickoff electrode on each side of a pendulous member that has been etched from a silicon substrate. A control pulse can be employed to sequentially apply a constant amount of charge to each electrode. A variable force can be applied to the inertial mass by varying the amount of time (e.g., duty cycle) the charge is left on a respective plate. The amount of time the charge is left on a respective plate is based on the displacement of the inertial mass relative to a null position. However, electrostatic force-rebalanced accelerometers can be subject to a number of deleterious phenomena, such as accelerometer bias uncertainty which can be a major source of error in inertial measurement and/or navigation systems. Bias uncertainty can arise due to transient behavior at turn on, non-modelability, and instability of bias versus temperature characteristics including hysteresis and simply trend over time. In addition, pendulous electrostatic force-rebalanced accelerometers can be subject to damage from excessive input accelerations that can result in changes in the bias and scale-factor, which could require additional calibration of the accelerometer.

Atomic far-off resonance trap (FORT) accelerometer system


An embodiment may comprise a baffle blade or blades, an article of manufacture, and/or a luminaire comprising: a blade member with a reflective top section.

Directing light incident from a light fixture in a precise way while maintaining adequate shielding of the source presents a challenge. Louvers or baffles are typically used to direct light and to prevent direct viewing of the light source, for example, so a lamp is not in direct view of an observer's eyes.
As best seen in FIGS. 1a and 2, a traditional baffle consists of a series of parallel blades 1 placed under the light source 6 to obscure or prevent direct viewing of the light source 6 or to control brightness of the luminare 2. Baffle blades 1 have traditionally been designed in one of two ways, flat or parabolic.
As shown in FIG. 1A, a flat baffle blade 1 simply occludes, absorbs or disperses (see FIG. 1b) the light 7 that would otherwise be directed in an undesirable direction such as into an observer's eyes 8.
A parabolic baffle 9 has vertically orientated sides 10 designed to perform the dual function of shielding the light source 6 and reflecting the light 7 rather than absorbing the light 7 (FIG. 1c). A variation of the parabolic design is the "para-wedge" which has vertically orientated "sides" 10 and 10a that are both parabolic and wedge shaped as shown in FIG. 1d.
Note: for purposes of this patent application, applicants note that "side" is defined herein as a surface with a substantially vertical orientation as opposed to a "top" which is defined herein as a surface having a substantially horizontal orientation.
Thus, the efficiency and effectiveness of the prior art baffle blades 1 depends upon the surface finish of the baffle blades 1 as well as its shape. For example, the flat baffle blade 1 is thinner than the parabolic baffle blade 9 so it allows more light to propagate through the aperture; however, since the parabolic blades 9 typically have a specular finish, light that hits the side 10 of the baffle blade is reflected rather than absorbed.
Additionally, parabolic baffle blades 9 are typically constructed such that the upper most part of the baffle blades 9 are either folded over or "hollowed out" due to fabrication or cost considerations.
Thus, it would be advantageous to make use of the light 7 which strikes the top horizontally orientated section of the baffle blades that is otherwise scattered randomly or simply absorbed. As described in detail below, by designing a baffle blade in which the top surface is considered and designed as a useful reflecting surface, more light can be redirected into a chosen direction rather than letting it be absorbed or scattered randomly.


In a method and system for identifying an antenna, an antenna identifier is coupled to the antenna. The antenna identifier is a memory device that stores at least one attribute to identify the antenna. The antenna includes an electromagnetic radiation element coupled to a signal port and a coupling device coupled in-between the signal port and the antenna identifier. A data signal received at the signal port is isolated by the coupling device and provided to the antenna identifier. The data signal is provided by a radio device and/or an information handling system (IHS) coupled to the antenna via the signal port. The radio device and/or the IHS is operable to read one or more values for the at least one attribute stored in the antenna identifier.

The present disclosure relates generally to information handling systems, and more particularly to antenna systems used in wireless communications.
As the value and use of information continues to increase, individuals and businesses seek additional ways to acquire, process and store information. One option available to users is information handling systems. An information handling system ('IHS') generally processes, compiles, stores, and/or communicates information or data for business, personal, or other purposes thereby allowing users to take advantage of the value of the information. Because technology and information handling needs and requirements vary between different users or applications, information handling systems may also vary regarding what information is handled, how the information is handled, how much information is processed, stored, or communicated, and how quickly and efficiently the information may be processed, stored, or communicated. The variations in information handling systems allow for information handling systems to be general or configured for a specific user or specific use such as financial transaction processing, airline reservations, enterprise data storage, or global communications. In addition, information handling systems may include a variety of hardware and software components that may be configured to process, store, and communicate information and may include one or more computer systems, data storage systems, and networking systems.
Presently, use of wireless local area networks (LAN's) has experienced rapid growth because wireless technology, when used with portable IHS devices, combines information accessibility with user mobility. Many of these IHS's, especially the portable ones such as notebook computers, personal digital assistants (PDA's), cellular phones and gaming/entertainment devices, typically use various wireless peripheral devices such as radios and wireless network interface cards (NIC's) to communicate between themselves and/or with other wired or wireless networks, including intranets and the Internet. Wireless communication technologies continue to evolve and mature. Currently available wireless communication technologies include: wireless personal area networks (WPAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), and wireless wide area networks (WWAN).
Multiple technological standards may be adopted for use in wireless communication networks. For example, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), and Infrared Data Association (IrDA) are widely accepted standards for wireless communications. Regardless of the standard used, wireless devices typically operate in certain predefined frequency spectrum.
Each radio device within a wireless communication system typically includes one or more antenna's to receive and/or transmit signals. The particular types of antennas or antenna systems deployed within an IHS are customized for each wireless application and are generally dependent on factors such as the communication standard, frequency range, data throughput, distance, power level, minimum quality of service (QOS) criteria and similar others.
Build-to-order manufacturing, assembly and testing of one or more types of antennas coupled to radios within an IHS may be difficult and time consuming. A plurality of radio devices within an IHS may be coupled to a plurality of antennas, with each radio device and each antenna having associated parameters, attributes or properties such as an output power level and a peak gain setting respectively. Testing of wireless functionality includes verification that an output power level of a radio device combined with the peak gain settings for the attached antenna(s) may not exceed applicable regulatory standards. Presently, no tools and/or techniques exist to verify compatibility between radios and antennas during manufacturing, assembly and testing. As a result, many factory or default settings for radios and/or antenna systems may be mismatched and hence, be less than optimal.
Therefore, a need exists to provide for automatically identifying antenna systems coupled to a radio device. Additionally, a need exists to assemble and test radio devices with compatible antenna systems preferably without manual intervention for verification. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide for automatically identifying an antenna coupled to a radio device of an information handling system absent the disadvantages discussed above.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Antenna with integrated parameter storage


A fastener system for securing a panel to a frame comprises one or more rotating fasteners installed in the perimeter edge of the panel. In operation, one or more cam surfaces of the fastener engage receiving surfaces of a receiver on the frame such that, upon rotation of each fastener, the panel is drawn toward the frame. In some embodiments, the panel is moved in a first direction parallel to the panel and a second direction perpendicular to the panel or in a composite diagonal direction inclined relative to the panel. The fastener system may facilitate compression of seals disposed along the perimeter edge of the panel and between a side of the panel and rabbet ledge of the frame and may further facilitate removal and maintenance of the panel.

Fenestration panels may consist of window panels, door panels and non-moving "fixed" panels installed into frames. The panels and frames may be provided as a package, or the frames may be custom built. A panel may also provide an environmental barrier and hence may comprise seals between the panel and the frame. Some panels are movable, such as a sliding window or door. Other panels may be fixed to the frame so they cannot move relative to the frame. Fixed panels may need to be occasionally removed for repairs, maintenance, cleaning, etc. In many cases, the frame may include a rabbet into which the fixed panel is to be installed. Conventionally, a fixed panel may be attached to the frame through the use of screws and/or adhesives. Screws can detract from the aesthetic appearance of the panel, and adhesives preclude removal. Panels may also be large and heavy, sometimes weighing hundreds of pounds. In such cases, handling the panels during installation may be difficult and awkward. For example, once placed within a frame opening, adjusting the side-to-side position of the panel may be difficult. Before a fixed panel is secured to the frame, it may be necessary to compress one or more seals located along a perimeter edge of the panel or on a side of the panel or rabbet adjacent the perimeter, further adding to the difficulty of installation. The present inventor has recognized a need for an improved fastening system that facilitates removably securing a panel to a frame.

Rotary fastener for securing a fenestration panel


The present invention discloses a mobile location based service system and method. The mobile location based service system includes an application server for receiving a location based service request, and providing a location based service of a mobile station, and a location information providing system for discriminating location of the mobile station according to a kind of a location information service, and transmitting the location of the mobile station to the application server. A cell or GPS based location based service can be selectively provided according to a function of a mobile station of a mobile communication subscriber and a service request type. The GPS based location based service can be provided by an SMS delivery point to point message through an N07 signal network, and thus embodied during a voice call of the mobile station.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a location based service of a mobile station, and more particularly to a mobile location based service system which can provide a location based service of a mobile station by selectively using a cell based location service or global positioning system (GPS) based location service according to a kind of a location based service request.
2. Description of the Background Art
Recently, various kinds of services are provided by a mobile station according to the development of mobile station (for example, cellular phone) technology. That is, the mobile station provides a short message service and a wireless internet service as well as a voice call service. Each service is subdivided according to contents providing types.
One of the mobile station services is a location information providing service of the mobile station. The location information providing service can be embodied as follows.
The location information providing service can be provided by using cell based technology. The cell based service is performed based on location of a base transceiver station which the mobile station exists in. Therefore, the cell based location information providing service guarantees accuracy within a radius of the base transceiver station. It is thus difficult to apply the cell based location information providing service to urgent cases or services requiring accurate location information.
In addition, the location information providing service can be provided by using GPS based technology in the mobile station. The GPS is location information providing technology using satellites, which shows much higher accuracy than the cell based location information providing service. However, the mobile station requires a GPS function to provide services using the GPS, which increases expenses. It is thus difficult to provide the location information providing service using the GPS in the whole mobile stations.

Mobile location based service system and method


A compact and light flow dividing pump is disclosed. The pump includes a housing having an end plate attached to one end thereof. The end plate has a fluid suction port and a pair of fluid discharge ports. A pump mechanism is provided in the housing for receiving fluid through the suction port and discharging the received fluid through the discharge ports. A plurality of discharge passages are formed in the end plate between the pump mechanism and the discharge ports. A control valve is also provided in the end plate to control the flow rate of fluid in the discharge passages.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a flow dividing pump which divides and supplies oil to two separate units.
2. Description of the Related Art
A conventional variable capacity pump is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-155677. In order to divide the flow from this type of pump a flow divider unit is attached to the pump. Such flow dividers are conventionally used in industrial vehicles, as for example to divide the hydraulic fluid flow between a power steering device and a loading hydraulic cylinder.
The pump with such a unit has an end plate securely attached to one end of the pump housing. The end plate has a common discharge passage formed therein and is attached with the flow divider unit. The flow divider unit includes an orifice which communicates with the discharge passage and a spool valve (flow divider) which controls the flow rate of oil in cooperation with the orifice. An oil discharge passage and an excess oil discharge passage which communicate with the orifice are provided in the flow divider unit.
The oil discharge passage (hereafter referred to as "control passage") is connected via, for example, a check valve to a power steering device in a forklift truck. The excess oil discharge passage (hereafter referred to as "excess passage") is connected via, for example, a control valve to a hydraulic cylinder in a loading device.
If the flow rate of oil discharged from the pump exceeds a predetermined control flow rate, the difference between the pressures upstream and downstream of the orifice in the flow divider unit becomes large, shifting the spool valve. This shift of the spool valve narrows the opening of the control passage, and forces excess oil to flow into the excess passage so as to maintain the constant flow rate of oil to the power steering device.
When the power steering device is actuated, the spool valve is controlled to open the control passage wider and narrow the opening of the excess passage. On the other hand, when the loading hydraulic cylinder is actuated, the spool valve is adjusted to open the excess passage wider and narrow the opening of the control passage.
Since the flow divider unit is attached to the end plate of the housing of the flow dividing pump described above, the number of necessary components increases, making the whole pump larger and heavier.
Further, the oil passage in this pump must be relatively long in order to feed oil through the end plate to the flow divider unit. This results in an oil pressure loss, which decreases the pumping efficiency. In addition, oil will be heated while passing through the oil passage and become less viscous, which may result in excessive supply of the oil to the downstream side.
For an average forklift truck, the maximum pressure of oil in the power steering device is 85 kgf/cm.sup.2, whereas the maximum oil pressure in the loading hydraulic cylinder is 185 kgf/cm.sup.2, which is very high. The temperature of oil particularly in the hydraulic cylinder side is likely to rise, and excess oil tends to be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder rather than to the power steering device.

Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho


A system and method for controlling the amount of torque generated by at least one torque generating device in a vehicle is provided. A vehicle layer transmits arbitrated torque request signals indicative of first and second amounts of torque and at least one torque reservation request signal indicative of whether the vehicle is in an anticipated vehicle dynamic state or in a non-anticipated vehicle dynamic state. A coordination layer controls the torque generating device to generate the first amount of torque in response to the arbitrated torque request signal and the torque reservation request signal indicating that the vehicle is in the non-anticipated vehicle dynamic state. The coordination layer controls torque generating device to generate the second amount of torque in response to the arbitrated torque request signal and the torque reservation request signal indicating that the vehicle is in the anticipated vehicle dynamic state.

1. Technical Field
The embodiments described herein generally relate to a system and method for a vehicle-dynamics control architecture in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
2. Background Art
Prior attempts at vehicle-dynamics control have tended to be modular in that a modular control approach allows for the reuse of controllers across various vehicles so that only calibration adjustments need to be made to each controller. The modular vehicle-dynamics control generally issues vehicle level fast wheel torque requests for vehicle-dynamics related systems. Such systems include an anti-locking braking system (ABS), traction control (TC) system, an electric stability control (ESC) system, an integrated vehicle-dynamics (IVD), etc. However, such requests are generated based on a prior knowledge of both system approximate wheel torque response dynamic capability (such as bandwidth or time constant) and the range of authority (positive and negative deltas). The approximated nature of the capabilities sometimes renders the vehicle-dynamics control less capable than physically possible, particularly for vehicles with multiple torque actuators having different dynamic capability and a range of authority with a time-varying split or distribution in use of the actuators.
FIG. 1 depicts a conventional vehicle-dynamics control system 10 that is based on the modular control approach. The system 10 includes a vehicle layer 12, a coordination layer 14 and a plurality of torque generating devices 15. The vehicle layer 12 contains functions related to the supervision of the control and coordination of all motions of the vehicle body. Such motions of the vehicle body may include all six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) of the vehicle body, as well as the sensing and interpreting of vehicle-related quantities. The central decision operating process of the vehicle-dynamic control resides in the vehicle layer 12. The central decision operating process determines the applicable amount of force that may have to be applied to the vehicle as a whole, in order to satisfy the overall intended behavior within physical limits. The coordination layer 14 contains coordinators that independently control and coordinate respective actuators within the torque generating devices 15. The task of the coordination layer 14 is to determine how wheel torque requests from the vehicle layer 12 are to be realized by the subsystems/actuators which belong to torque generating devices 15. The coordinator layer 14 may also provide feedback on the vehicle state to the driver.
The vehicle layer 12 receives a signal DRV_TQ_REQ. The signal DRV_TQ_REQ corresponds to an amount of torque that is needed to satisfy the amount of torque being requested by the driver as the driver operates the vehicle. The vehicle layer 12 includes a vehicle-dynamics controller (VDC) 16. The VDC 16 may be implemented as a standalone controller and generally controls various vehicle-dynamics attributes. Such attributes may include but are not limited attributes associated with an anti-locking brake system (ABS), traction control (TC) system, electronic stability control (ESC) (an integrated vehicle-dynamics IVD system) and a roll stability control (RSC) system. The ABS generally prevents the wheels from locking up as the vehicle undergoes a braking event. The TC system generally reduces power to drive wheels of the vehicle in order to minimize wheel-spin and maximize traction. The ESC or IVD system generally performs yaw stability control whereby the vehicle's motion of rotation about a vertical axis is controlled. The RSC system controls the motion of the vehicle by selectively applying brakes and adjusting the speed of the vehicle to prevent the vehicle from rolling over. The VDC 16 may be reused or implemented to support a plurality of vehicle lines and/or programs.
The coordination layer 14 includes a torque-distribution module 18. The coordination layer 14 generally corresponds to hardware characteristics that are specific to a single vehicle program. The torque-distribution module 18 may be configured to transmit/receive signals to/from the vehicle layer 12. The coordination layer 14 further controls various actuators within the torque generating devices 15. The torque generating devices 15 may be generally defined as any component, subsystem, and/or actuator in the vehicle that is adapted to generate torque, which contributes to vehicle traction torque. The torque generating devices 15 includes an engine subsystem 20, a plurality of electrical subsystems 22a-22n and a brake subsystem 24. The engine subsystem 20 generally includes an internal combustion engine of a HEV and one or more engine controllers. The engine controllers are adapted to control the operation of the engine and control the amount of torque generated by the engine. The electrical subsystems 22a-22n each generally include electrically based motors/generators (not shown) and motor/generator controllers for controlling the amount of torque generated by the motor/generator.
In general, the engine and the motor/generators may be defined as active torque actuators. An active torque actuator is indicative of a type of actuator that adds energy to the system. For example, the engine subsystem 20 adds energy by extracting the chemical potential energy in fuel. The electrical subsystems 22a-22n each add energy into the system 10 by extracting the chemical potential energy of the battery. A passive torque actuator such as the brake subsystem 24 is indicative of a type of actuator that may not add energy to the system. Such a passive actuator absorbs energy from the system. For example, friction brakes absorb kinetic energy from a system and convert kinetic energy into heat.
The VDC 16 is adapted to transmit a signal ARB_TQ_REQ to the torque-distribution module 18. The signal ARB_TQ_REQ generally corresponds to an arbitrated torque request that is based on the amount of torque desired by the driver and on the amount of torque requested by the various vehicle-dynamics systems in the vehicle. The VDC 16 is adapted to transmit a signal BRAKE_TQ_REQ to the brake subsystem 24. The signal BRAKE_TQ_REQ corresponds to a net wheel torque requested from the friction brakes which provides braking power beyond powertrain capability and with additional degrees of freedom or channels not conventionally available to powertrain braking (i.e., independent control of 4 wheels).
The torque-distribution module 18 transmits a plurality of control signals (e.g., CTR_ENG, and CTR_A-CTR_N) to the subsystems 20 and 22a-22n of the torque generating devices 15, respectively. The signal CTR_A generally corresponds to the amount of torque that is needed to be produced by the engine subsystem 20. The signals CTR_A-CTR_N generally correspond to the amount of torque that is needed to be produced by the electrical subsystems 22a-22n. The torque-distribution module 18 is configured to control the engine subsystem 20 and the electrical subsystems 22a-22n to produce the desired amount of torque as requested by the VDC 16 while balancing driver traction demand, battery charge maintenance, and fuel economy attributes. As such, the torque-distribution module 18 may vary the amount of torque generated between the engine subsystem 20 and the electrical subsystems 22a-22n in order to achieve desired driver traction demand, battery charge maintenance, and the highest level of fuel economy.
Due to concerns related to fuel economy, if needed, the torque-distribution module 18 may control the engine subsystem 20 to generate the entire amount of torque needed to meet the desired amount of torque as specified on the signal ARB_TQ_REQ. In such a case, the electrical subsystems 22a-22n may not be controlled to generate torque. Additionally, the torque-distribution module 18 may control one or more of the electrical subsystems 22a-22n to generate the entire amount of torque needed as indicated by the signal ARB_TQ_REQ. In such a case, the engine subsystem 20 may remain idle and is in a non-torque producing state. In yet another example, the torque-distribution module 18 may control the engine subsystem 20 and any one or more of the electrical subsystems 22a-22n to produce the desired amount of torque simultaneously if such a condition may yield optimal fuel economy while at the same time meet the desired amount of torque requested by the VDC 16.
The engine subsystem 20 transmits a feedback signal FB_ENG to the torque-distribution module 18. The signal FB_ENG may include a value (e.g., TAU_ENGINE) which generally corresponds to the actual response time of the engine subsystem 20 while attempting to achieve the desired amount of torque as indicated in the signal CTR_ENG from the torque-distribution module 18. The feedback signal FB_ENG also includes values MIN_TQ_ENG and MAX_TQ_ENG which correspond to minimum and maximum torque values, respectively, generated by the engine subsystem 20 in response to the signal CTR_ENG. The electrical subsystems 22a-22n are generally configured to transmit feedback signals FB_A-FB_N to the torque-distribution module 18. The signals FB-A-FB_N includes values TAU_ELEC_A-TAU_ELEC_N, respectively, which correspond to the actual response time for each electrical subsystem 22a-22n while attempting to achieve the desired amount of torque transmitted in the signal CTR_A-CTR_N from the torque-distribution module 18.
The feedback signals FB_A-FB_N also include values MIN_TQ_ELEC_A-MIN_TQ_ELEC_N and values MAX_TQ_ELEC_A-MAX_TQ_ELEC_N. The values MIN_TQ_ELEC_A-MIN_TQ_ELEC_N correspond to the minimum torque valve generated by each electrical subsystem 22a-22n in response to the signals CTR_A-CTR_N. The signals MAX_TQ_ELEC_A-MAX_TQ_ELEC_N correspond to the maximum torque values generated by each electrical subsystem 22a-22n in response to the signals CTR_A-CTR_N.
In general, the engine subsystem 20 and the electrical subsystems 22a-22n are constructed with various limitations and may generate torque that is within a first predetermined range of the amount of torque requested by the VDC 16. Such limitations may be attributed due to hardware capabilities of the engine and electrical subsystems 20 and 22a-22n. Typically, the torque capability of the engine subsystem 20 and the electrical subsystems 22a-22n are a function of battery voltage, state of charge of the battery and/or various torque actuator speed states (e.g., actuators in the engine and electrical subsystems 20 and 22a-22n). The torque, battery voltage, state of charge, and the actuator speed status may prevent the engine and the electrical subsystems 20 and 22a-22n from generating the needed amount of torque as requested by the VDC 16.
The engine subsystem 20 transmits the values MIN_TQ_ENG and MAX_TQ_ENG to the torque-distribution module 18 via the signal FB_ENG. The electrical subsystems 22a-22n transmits the values MIN_TQ_ELEC_A-MIN_TQ_ELEC_N and the signals MAX_TQ_ELEC_A-MAX_TQ_ELEC_N via the signals FB_A-FB_N to the torque-distribution module 18. The torque-distribution module 18 transmits a signal TAU_ACTUAL, a signal MIN_ACTUAL and a signal MAX_ACTUAL to the VDC 16.
In general, the signals TAU_ACTUAL, MIN_ACTUAL, and MAX_ACTUAL provide actual information of the response time to reach the minimum and maximum torque, the minimum torque amount, and the maximum torque amount, respectively, that is established with the torque generating devices 15. In some cases, the torque generating devices 15 may not achieve the desired torque amount as requested by the VDC 16. The VDC 16 uses the signals TAU_ACTUAL, MIN_ACTUAL, and MAX_ACTUAL as feedback signals to modify the desired torque amount (e.g., signal ARB_TQ_REQ) based on new desired torque level commands that may be necessitated due to torque requirements established by the driver and/or the vehicle-dynamics systems of the vehicle.
The system 10 generally provides for a modular focused control architecture which lends itself for providing a common implementation for a number of different vehicle applications. The engine subsystem 20 generally provides for a slower response time in generating torque than the response time of the electrical subsystems 22a-22n. The desired amount of torque needed for the vehicle-dynamics capability of the system 10 is generally limited to the response of the slowest torque actuator which in this case may be the engine subsystem 20. Such a characteristic provides for a limitation in performing vehicle-dynamics control.

Increased capability modular vehicle-dynamics control architecture


A device for tying a shoelace includes a planar-shaped body member including a first opening, a second opening, a third opening, and a fourth opening. Each of the openings is configured to allow the shoelace to be inserted there through. The first, second, third and fourth openings may be arranged in a two-by-two array, wherein the first and second openings form a first row of the array, and wherein the third and fourth openings form a second row of the array. The first and fourth openings may be coupled to one another by a first slit, and the second and third openings may be coupled to one another by a second slit.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a device for assisting one in tying a shoelace.
2. Description of the Prior Art
There are many "firsts" in one's life; some more exciting than others. One exciting "first" is when a child learns to tie their shoelace for the first time. Learning how to tie a shoelace is not an easy task. Typically, it takes instruction from an adult in addition to a lot of time and effort on the child's part.
In addition, people with disabilities, such as Parkinson's, arthritis, or other conditions that affect the ability to use one's hands effectively may have trouble tying a shoelace.
Various teaching aids and learning devices have been developed as an aid in teaching or helping to tie shoelaces in certain knots. One such a device is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,342,557 to Bandar. Bandar discloses a device that can be used to teach young children how to tie a double bow knot. However, not everyone uses the "bunny ear" method of tying shoes.


A new cultivar of Heliopsis plant named ‘Luna Roja’ that is characterized by its dwarf plant size, its strong flowering stems, its foliage that is dark green-purple to green-black in color, its inflorescences with ray florets that are orange-red in color, and its blooming from midsummer to early autumn in The Netherlands.

The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of Heliopsis plant, botanically known as Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra 'Luna Roja' and will be referred to hereinafter by its cultivar name, 'Luna Roja'.
The new cultivar was discovered as a chance seedling growing in a trial field by the Inventor in Haarlem, The Netherlands in 2018. The seedling arose from seed collected from open pollinated plants in the field that contained numerous unnamed and unpatented proprietary Heliopsis seedlings from the Inventor's breeding program. The seeds were pooled and parentage of 'Luna Roja' is therefore unknown.
Asexual propagation of the new cultivar was first accomplished by stem cuttings under the direction of the Inventor in summer of 2019 in Haarlem, The Netherlands. Asexual propagation by stem cuttings and tissue culture using meristematic tissue has shown that the characteristics of the new cultivar are stable and are reproduced true to type in successive generations.


According to this invention a side mounted rear view mirror assembly, for vehicles having a mirror and mirror neck support member and further having generally horizontally disposed support bar means, comprises: a) a mirror support block means slidably mounted on the support bar means and having a first section through which the support bar means extends, and having a second section positioned rearwardly of the first section and depending downwardly, the second section having a neck support cavity therein within which the mirror neck support member may be inserted; and b) adjustment lock means in the block first section for releasably securing the block means to the support bar means at a desired position thereon; and lock means in the block second section adapted to hold and secure the neck support member in the neck support cavity.

As operators are aware, vehicles used for carrying loads and towing, whether they be automobiles, pick-up trucks, vans or the like, frequently have a conventional side view mirror which does not enable the driver to see to the rear. These original equipment mirrors, so-called because they are standard equipment supplied by the manufacturer of the vehicle, are not laterally adjustable between extended and retracted positions. This driver inability to see to the rear is particularly acute where, for instance, an extra wide tow or load is involved such as a boat trailer, trailer home, camping trailer or high and wide load of whatever nature. Campers on the bed of pick-up trucks are another example. These loads are most often not only wide but long and the standard side mounted mirror simple does not permit an adequate line of vision to the rear of the load or tow. In addition, such mirrors often vibrate in their mounting, causing blurred vision.
After-market side mounted mirror assemblies have been proposed in an attempt to solve the aforementioned problems. Such mirror assemblies provide for lateral adjustability between extended and retracted positions. However, these proposed devices suffer from one or more difficulties. One such difficulty of one proposed solution is that the original equipment mirror stem must be severed to enable a replacement attachment to be substituted for the mirror stem. Some proposed solutions require the use of a mirror mounting that attaches to the vehicle at two or three points, rather than at just one point. Other proposed solutions require a the use of a complicated mounting structure to achieve the desired lateral adjustability. Still other proposed solutions do not permit the mirror location to be adjusted by the driver from the driver's seat while the vehicle is in motion.

Adjustable support for vehicle side view mirror


A system for verifying fuel cap engagement utilizes a transducer coupled to a purge line of a fuel vapor recovery system to generate an electrical signal corresponding to one of the vapor pressure and the vapor flow rate in the purge line. A monitor receives the electrical signal and estimates the vapor pressure when the electrical signal corresponds to the vapor flow rate. The monitor likewise estimates the vapor flow rate when the electrical signal corresponds to the vapor pressure. The monitor also correlates the electrical signal and the estimate to generate a dataset relating vapor pressures to corresponding vapor flow rates at predetermined time intervals, computes a linear approximation of pressure versus flow rate, and computes a curve approximation of pressure versus flow rate. An indicator is actuated by the monitor when the difference between the computed linear and curve approximations is less than a predetermined threshold value.

Vehicles that utilize an internal combustion engine as a motive power source typically include a liquid fuel reservoir or tank having a fuel cap that is detachably coupled to a filler neck of the tank. During a refueling operation the fuel cap is removed from the filler neck, thereby providing an access point for the addition of fuel to the tank. It is desirable to ensure that the fuel cap is properly engaged to the filler neck to prevent evaporative loss of fuel. Such evaporative losses reduce the fuel economy of the vehicle, are a waste of scarce fuel resources, and are a common source of air pollution.
Most liquid-fuel operated vehicles include a fuel vapor recovery system to store and dispose of vapors normally created in the fuel system, thereby preventing their escape to the atmosphere. An on-board diagnostic (OBD) system can be utilized to test and monitor the performance of the fuel vapor recovery system, including leaks and improperly installed or missing fuel caps. Typically, an engine malfunction indicator is activated when two consecutive OBD leak tests fail. A vehicle owner may then be obliged to have the vehicle serviced, inconveniencing the owner and adding to the operating expense of the vehicle.
Other systems have been devised to detect a missing fuel cap by computing a linear approximation of vapor pressure versus vapor flow rate in a vapor recovery system. In these systems the status of fuel cap engagement is determined by the slope of the resulting linear approximation. However, it can be difficult to determine whether the fuel cap is properly engaged using a linear approximation as the sole determinant due to changing engine operating conditions and data scatter.
Still other systems utilize sensors mounted proximate the filler neck to detect when a fuel cap is missing. However, such sensors often fail to detect an improperly installed fuel cap. There is a need for a reliable way to detect an improperly installed or missing fuel cap.

System and method for verifying fuel cap engagement


A method for producing multipacks of containers includes placing adhesive spots on surfaces of the containers. At least two kinds of adhesives are used, both of which plastic melt adhesives that melt as a result of exposure to heat and that develop cohesion after cooling. After placing the adhesive spots, the containers are connected to each other using the adhesive spots so as to form a multipack.

A multipack is a group of containers that have been packaged together. A common way to form a multipack is by forming a container group and shrink-wrapping it. This results in additional method steps. In addition, it requires consuming a special film and expending considerable energy. To make matters worse, sometimes the film obscures the view of important features such as labels or imprints on the containers. As a result, the visual appearance of such multipacks leaves much to be desired.
A known way to overcome these disadvantages is by gluing the containers together with adhesive. A variety of adhesives can be used. These include hot-melt adhesives. Such adhesives can be melted on by applying heat. After cooling, the adhesive binds the containers.
The removal of individual containers from the multipack is not always problem-free however. Ideally, the individual containers are tightly bonded to one another. This implies a need for a high adhesive strength. But high adhesive strength makes it difficult to remove individual bottles from the multipack. In addition to this, a wide temperature application range is required for the adhesive used. Additionally, it is desirable to be able to peel the adhesive off the surface of the container.

Method for producing multipacks of containers by adhesively bonding the containers to one another


An integrated semiconductor device having a stabilization function includes a substrate layer, an insulating layer, ground plane layer formed between the substrate layer and the insulating layer and a signal plane layer formed on a surface of the insulating layer facing away from the substrate layer. An n-port, e.g. a transistor, is formed within the substrate layer on a first side of the substrate layer. A via hole is formed through the insulating layer. A resistor is formed within the ground plane layer.

1. Field of the Disclosure
The present disclosure relates to an integrated semiconductor device having a stabilization function, in particular for use in or as a high frequency amplifier.
2. Description of Related Art
For amplifier circuits, stabilization is generally one key factor for correct functionality. Stabilization is typically realized by adding resistance into the drain-side matching circuitry of a transistor or MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor), for instance for low noise amplifiers. However, such measures for stabilization generally introduce a voltage drop to the biasing voltage of the transistor which depends on the bias current and the resistor value itself. This means that e.g. for modulated input signals, the voltage drop is also modulated and therefore time-dependent in addition. This degrades further the nonlinear behavior of the amplifier.
Stabilization of solid state power amplifiers is described in Chen Chi et al., "An X-band GaN combined solid-state power amplifier", Semiconductors (2009), Volume: 30, Issue: 9, Pages: 095001-1 to 095001-5.
A RF power transistor having an improved stability and gain is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,869,381 A. A resistive emitter ballasting by including integrated capacitive elements in parallel with the resistive elements in the emitter circuit is proposed in this document.
The "background" description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventor(s), to the extent it is described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description which may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly or impliedly admitted as prior art against the present invention.


The invention provides a display method and a display device. The display method in the invention is applicable to a display panel comprising multiple rows of sub-pixels, each row of sub-pixels are formed of sub-pixels of various colors which are alternately and circularly arranged, the sub-pixels in each row are arranged in the same order, and in column direction, sub-pixels of the same color are not adjacent, wherein the display method comprises steps of: S1, generating a primary image based on image information, the primary image is formed of virtual pixels arranged in a matrix, each virtual pixel is formed of sub-pixels of different colors and size of the virtual pixel is the same as that of the sub-pixel of the display panel; S2, calculating a display component of each sub-pixel by using primary components of sampling virtual sub-pixels of the sub-pixel.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional display panel consists of a plurality of square pixels 1, and each pixel 1 consists of three continuously arranged sub-pixels of different colors in the same row, for example, a red sub-pixel 11, a green sub-pixel 11 and a blue sub-pixel 11, wherein each sub-pixel 11 typically is rectangular strip-shaped, so that a square pixel 1 can be formed by arranging three sub-pixels 11 one by one. During displaying, display content of the three sub-pixels 11 in a pixel 1 are mixed so as to form a "display point" which is visible outside.
With the development of technology, resolution of the display panel is higher and higher, that is, the number of pixels per unit area is more and more, which requires the size of each sub-pixel to be smaller and smaller. However, because of constraints in process, obviously the size of the sub-pixel cannot be unlimitedly reduced.
To improve the display effect in a case that the size of the sub-pixel is fixed, a display panel of Pentile mode has been proposed. In the display panel of Pentile mode, the number of sub-pixels of certain colors (such as red sub-pixels and blue pixels) is halved, at the same time, sub-pixels of different colors are regarded to be in different "layers", and every layer is divided into multiple sampling regions, wherein sampling regions in different layers are not overlapped, then content to be displayed by each sub-pixel is calculated by using area ratios of sampling regions. In the display panel of Pentile mode, some sub-pixels are "shared", so that a resolution higher than the actual resolution is realized in visual effect.
However, the display effect of the display panel of Pentile mode is still unsatisfactory. Since the number of sub-pixels of certain colors is havled, the sub-pixels of various colors are distributed non-uniformly, which easily results in jagged lines, grid spots, the problem that fine content cannot be clearly displayed and the like. Meanwhile, since a calculation mode of "layer-dividing and region-dividing" is adopted, determination of the content to be displayed by each sub-pixel requires complex calculation, thus amount of calculation is huge.

BEIJING BOE OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.