Materials not releasing gaseous organic materials during use are used as a dry-type sealing material such as a gasket disposed upon mounting an air filter to an opening of a ceiling or the like, a wet-type sealing material filled and used in a gap for connecting wall materials or partitionings, a vinyl chloride sheet or a vinyl chloride cloth as a facing material for walls and floors. Specifically, a carboxylic acid ester having a molecular weight of not less than 400 is used as a plasticizer, a phenolic compound having a molecular weight of not less 300 is used as an antioxidant, an aliphatic hydrocarbon having not less than 19 carbon atoms (for example, microcrystalline wax) is used as a lubricant, and an alkylamine ethylene oxide adduct having a molecular weight of not less than 350 is used as an antistatic agent.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention concerns a dry-type sealing material (ready formed product), a wet-type sealing material (room temperature curable liquid), a building component made of polyvinyl chloride for use in a clean room used, for example, in factories or research laboratories in the field of semiconductors, foodstuffs, medicines and biotechnology, a method of manufacturing them, as well as a clean room and a local facility using them.
2. Related Art Statement
In a clean room used, for example, in factories or research laboratories in the field of semiconductors, foodstuffs, medicines and biotechnology, dry air filters for trapping particulate substances suspended in air are disposed to an air introduction path and air after passing therethrough is introduced into the room. As the degree of integration of semiconductors has been increased recently, not only dusts but also diffusion of organic gases in air in the clean room have caused such a problem as follows.
It has been pointed out that organic gases are adsorbed on the surface of silicon wafers under processing for semiconductor devices in a clean room may deteriorate their characteristics (for example, Fujii, "Gaseous Contaminants and Current Situation for Countermeasure of Removing Them", Air Cleaning (Kuki Senjo), Vol. 32, No. 3, p 43 (1994), published from the Foundation of Japan Air Cleaning Society).

Sealing materials and building components useful for clean rooms


Disclosed are a display panel and a touch display device. The display panel comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate provided opposite to each other, which are adhered to each other via a sealant; a plurality of pressure sensors, which are provided on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate or on one side of the second substrate facing the first substrate, wherein, the pressure sensor comprises plurality of resistors, and a projection of the sealant in a direction vertical to the display panel covers at least one resistor in the pressure sensor. In the embodiments of the disclosure, the projection of the sealant adhering the first substrate to the second substrate in the direction vertical to the display panel covers at least one resistor in the pressure sensor.

With the rapid development of the technologies of portable electronic terminal devices such as mobile phones and pads, more and more novel technologies are applied to these electronic terminal devices. Currently, pressure-sensitive touch technology is one of the novel technologies which may cause concern in the field. Touch screens integrated with the pressure-sensitive touch screen technology may clearly distinguish between a touch action and a press action. When a user presses a screen, the touch screen integrated with a pressure sensor can exactly identify the pressure transferred by the user on the touch surface, thereby realizing different operations, for example, calling more control options in applications such as Message, Music and Calendar, etc.
The existing pressure sensor is generally integrated on the periphery of a display to detect whether the display is pressed and to detect the magnitude of the pressure, and hence a wide frame may be caused.

SHANGHAI TIANMA MICRO-ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.


This invention discloses a composition comprised of nanoparticles having a surface modifier adsorbed on the surface thereof and a cryoprotectant associated therewith, which cryoprotectant is present in an amount sufficient to form a nanoparticle-cryoprotectant composition. A preferred surface modifier is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and a preferred cryoprotectant is a carbohydrate such as sucrose. This invention further discloses a method of making nanoparticles having a surface modifier adsorbed on the surface and a cryoprotectant associated therewith, comprised of contacting said nanoparticles with the cryoprotectant for a time and under conditions sufficient to form a nanoparticle-cryoprotectant composition.

Nanoparticles, described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,684, are particles consisting of a poorly soluble therapeutic or diagnostic agent onto which are adsorbed a non-crosslinked surface modifier, and which have an average particle size of less than about 400 nanometers (nm).
As a result of their small size, lyophilization of therapeutic and diagnostic agents in nanoparticulate form stabilized by a surface modifier (surfactant) is difficult. Conventional lyophilization results in substantial growth of particle size, rendering the resulting particles unusable thus losing the desirable properties provided by rapid dissolution of small drug particles. The present invention describes the application of lyophilization to preparation of freeze-dried drug nanoparticles that retain their small particle size and can be readily redispersed.
This invention is directed to novel compositions that allow lyophilization of nanoparticles with reduced or no particle size growth. These compositions provide for an addition of cryoprotectants to nanoparticles such that the nanoparticles do not agglomerate during lyophilization. This invention is also directed to a method of making such compositions.

Method to reduce particle size growth during lyophilization


Chelate complexes of calcium, strontium and barium formed with ligands that are beta-ketiminate compounds having a scorpion tail; intermediate compounds useful in producing the aforementioned complexes; a method for producing such complexes, and the use of such complexes for depositing layers containing calcium, barium or strontium.

The present invention relates to new, vaporizable chelate complexes of calcium, barium and strontium, to a method for their synthesis, to their use for depositing layers containing calcium, barium or strontium and to intermediates for synthesizing the compounds.
Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is a method, which can be used very well for depositing layers containing metal or metal compounds. It is the method of choice for depositing ceramic thin-layers for a plurality of electronic components. Examples are ferroelectric layers based on barium titanate or barium strontium titanate. Such layers are used, for example, for DRAM components.
For this application, as well as for other applications, it is desirable that the organometallic alkaline earth compounds have a high volatility, which facilitates sublimation and the transport to the place of deposition, that they can be decomposed thermally at relatively low temperatures, such as those of the order of 450° C., and that, for certain application areas, they are deposited in the form of the oxides and not, for example, in the form of other decomposition products such as carbonates.
Alkaline earth metal beta-diketonates and certain derivatives have already been used for the MOCVD method. Classical examples are complexes of alkaline earth metals with 1,1,6,6-tetramethylheptanedionate. However, such complexes may be present as oligomers, the volatility and stability of which are unsatisfactory. In order to improve these properties, the tetramethylheptane dionate complex compounds were used in the form of Lewis base adducts, for example, as adduct with polyethers or polyamines. Such complexes, however, still have stability problems. Barium compounds and strontium compounds with ligands, which have three coordination sites, have also been proposed.

Alkaline earth metal complexes and their use


A threshold logic circuit with a low space requirement includes a first and at least one second circuit portion, each of which has an evaluator circuit and at least two branches to be evaluated. A partial sum signal formed in the first circuit portion is jointly used for the at least one second circuit portion and is not formed separately in each case. The main advantage is a low chip area consumption.

Field of the Invention
A threshold logic circuit substantially includes elements for summation of weighted input variables and ensuing threshold value formation. So-called neural MOS transistors, which have a floating gate similar to that in EPROMs, can be used, among others, for such logic circuits.
The structure of neural MOS transistors and their use in threshold logic circuits are known from IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 39, No. 6, June 1992, pp. 1444-1455.
In a threshold logic circuit which is known from International Pat. application WO 96/42049, at least one first and one second circuit part, each with its own evaluator circuit, and elements for summation of convoluted input variables, are present.
However, such threshold logic circuits have a relatively large chip area.

Threshold logic circuit with low space requirement


Embodiments are described for a heuristic configuration selection process as part of or accessible by the backup management process. This processing component provides a method to automatically determine the configuration parameters needed to obtain optimal performance for a given backup/restore job. This process involves identifying key parameters that determine backup performance and suggest means to derive and incorporate those configurable parameters into the backup software automatically. Embodiments can be applied to stream based backups, or other types of backup software as well.

Computer operations, including backup and restore programs, can be said to be working at optimal performance when the input, processing, and output are in equilibrium. A backup/restore program is at its optimal performance state when the data ingested from a source device at a certain rate is processed and written to the backup device at the same rate. Performance levels should be set such that both source and backup devices are neither under-utilized nor over-utilized.
In any modern data protection software, such as enterprise copy data management (eCDM) systems, it is critical to have predictability of backup/restore performance in order to complete the backup job at designated time to comply with the protection plan and compliance set by the backup administrator. Data protection software currently has configurable parameters that can be adjusted manually, such as by backup administrators to make the software operate at certain performance levels. Most of the time such manual settings limit the capability of the backup software to operate at optimal performance, and compromise the ability to adhere to the protection plan and compliance set aside by backup administrator.
Manual configuration also poses additional challenges since the values for the configurable parameters are mostly dynamic in nature, and vary from customer to customer and instance to instance in typical operating environments. This brings unpredictability to the backup software performance for a given environment. With manual configuration, backup software is not optimally tuned for performance and efficiency for every backup job. Resource utilization on application host, primary storage or protection storage can be either under-utilized or over-utilized based on type and time of the backup job. At times, the backup software may fail to adhere to the compliance plan set by the backup admin if the manually set backup window is unrealistic.
Another problem is that the backup administrator needs deeper knowledge of the backup software and source/backup devices in order to derive optimal performance levels. Failure of this condition can also lead to a situation of under or over-utilization. Finally, the backup administrator needs to manually adjust the performance levels for individual jobs and systems, which can be time consuming.
What is needed, therefore, is a system and method that automatically determines the configuration parameters needed to obtain optimal performance for a given backup/restore job, and that can be implemented in any backup software system.
The subject matter discussed in the background section should not be assumed to be prior art merely as a result of its mention in the background section. Similarly, a problem mentioned in the background section or associated with the subject matter of the background section should not be assumed to have been previously recognized in the prior art. The subject matter in the background section merely represents different approaches, which in and of themselves may also be inventions. EMC, Data Domain, Data Domain Restorer, and Data Domain Boost are trademarks of Dell EMC Corporation.

Optimizing backup performance with heuristic configuration selection


A hybrid memory cell array including a preferable arrangement of a row decoder is proposed, and in the same manner of addressing a memory cell in the memory array a high access speed of the memory cell and high integration layout of a memory chip can be achieved. A hybrid memory cell includes a plurality of memory cells that each includes an electronic circuit to store binary logic values, a plurality of word lines, a plurality of bit lines, a row decoder arranged in the memory cell array to enable the plurality of word lines and select a memory cell on a same word line, and a column decoder arranged outside the memory cell array to enable the plurality of bit lines and select a memory cell on a same bit line.

Semiconductor memories have been widely used in various applications for storing data. As the applications become more demanding, the systems on which the applications run require higher memory densities. Thanks to the semiconductor industry, the integration of semiconductor devices has continuously improved. Increased memory densities have increased the capacity of a single memory device from several KB to over one GB. Access time to memory devices has also challenged engineers. From time to time, different approaches to improve the access time to a memory device have been developed by brilliant engineers. One approach to improved access time is reduced signal line delay, as signal lines often cross a large group of memory cells. This approach should include refining the arrangement of a memory array and its peripheral circuitry.
FIG. 1 is a simplified view of a typical memory chip. A memory chip 100 includes several memory cell arrays 102, data input lines 104 and data output lines 106, address lines 108 and signal control lines 110. The address lines 108 include word lines and bit lines (not shown) for addressing a memory cell in the memory cell array. The signal control lines 110 are employed to transmit control signals while data reading and writing, and address lines enabling.
FIG. 2 further illustrates one conventional decoder arrangement of one of the memory cell arrays in FIG. 1. The memory array in this embodiment includes 64M memory cells 210 arranged in an array of 8K rows by 8K columns. A row decoder 202 and column decoder 204 are respectively arranged peripheral to the memory cell array 200. Together, the row decoder 202 and column decoder 204 enable some word lines 206 and bit lines 208 for addressing one or more particular memory cells 210, and accessing the data stored in the memory cells 210. As the row decoder 202 enables the word lines 206 and the column decoder 204 enables the bit lines 208, there is always a delay in accessing memory cells on the same word line. The word line length thus limits the access speed of a memory cell.
FIG. 3 illustrates an improved arrangement of the array 200, shown in FIG. 2, and its peripheral. This embodiment includes three row decoders 302a, 302b and 302c that are disposed within the memory cell array 300 and one column decoder 304 that is arranged peripheral to the memory cell. The memory cell array 300, for example, also includes 64M memory cells 310 but is divided into 4 sub-arrays, 300a–300d, such that each sub-array has 16M memory cells. As a word line in this configuration runs across a sub-array having only 2k memory cells, its length is greatly shortened. Shorter word lines to access a memory cell within a sub-array should be faster. Furthermore, row decoders positioned within the memory array can enable either the right-side or the left-side word lines, thereby improving the data access selecting rate and improving the access speed. In this arrangement, memory cell access speed is about 16 times faster than in array 200 of FIG. 2.
However, the arrangement of three row decoders within the memory cell array layout increases the layout size. The memory cell count on a memory chip decreases, which decreases the integration.
Consequently, comparing the two different decoder arrangements described above, array 200 wins the benefit of high integration layout density but fails to provide high access speed. The array 200 arrangement is limited to ROM, RAM, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM or Flash Memory, for example. Array 300 wins the benefit of high access speed but fails the high integration layout density. The array 300 arrangement is used for a higher speed register, for example.

Decoder arrangement of a memory cell array


A control box for a generator set, including a support structure configured to be mounted to a rail. The support structure can include a first planar panel configured to be mounted to the rail, and a second planar panel offset from the first planar panel and configured to be mounted to the rail. The control box can also include a top cover configured to be connected to the first planar panel and the second planar panel and to cover a top portion of the support structure, a first side cover configured to be connected to the first planar panel and the second planar panel and substantially perpendicular to the top cover, and a second side cover configured to be offset from the first side cover and configured to be connected to the first planar panel and the second planar panel.

A generator set may comprise an engine connected to a generator. The generator may be controlled by one or more electronic devices. However, due in part to the sheer volume of electronic devices and the necessity to keep them organized, the electronic devices may be housed in a control box. Thus, the control box may require complicated assembly and construction to ensure that it meets the structural requirements to house the volume of electronic devices. This can increase a manufacturing cost of the control box.
One proposed solution for control boxes is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,450,863 to Farr, et al. (hereinafter the '863 patent). The '863 patent discloses a vibration dampened power generation aggregate including an internal combustion engine, generator and outlet box mounted upon a frame having vibration dampening mounts for the power generation aggregates.
The outlet box as an interior space divided into compartments for the placement of accessories, switches and generator governors. The frame has a first side and a second side and the power generation aggregate is mounted on the frame such that the mass of the power generation aggregate is evenly distributed on the first and second sides to reduce harmonic vibration and sound transmission of the power generation aggregate on the frame during aggregate operation.
While the outlet box in the '863 patent has vibration dampening features, there is no indication that the structural requirements are reduced. That is, there is no indication that the complicated assembly and construction of the outlet box in the '863 patent has been eased.
The system and method of the present disclosure solves one or more problems set forth above and/or other problems in the art.


The photographic element of the invention provides a support bearing at least one photographic silver halide emulsion exhibiting low developability and having associated therewith at least one high dye-yield coupler that releases a dye or dye precursor having an electrically neutral dye chromophore. The invention also encompasses a process for forming an image in an element in accordance with the invention.

This invention involves the use of an image dye-forming coupler which releases a dye or dye precursor as the coupling off group. These are so-called "High Dye-Yield" (HDY) couplers because they form two molecules of dye for each molecule of coupler which is consumed.
Useful high dye-yield couplers have been disclosed by Mooberry and Singer in U.S. Pat. No. 4,840,884. (The '884 patent) Such couplers react with oxidized color developer to form one dye and in doing so release a precursor of a second dye having a neutral dye chromophore. In accordance with the patent, the new couplers described therein enable lower concentrations of silver halide in the photographic element without lowering image quality.
Among the desirable features of photographic elements are high speed (good low-light sensitivity) and low fog (non-imagewise development). Silver halide emulsions are prepared to have the most advantageous combination of high photographic speed and low fog development. This is done by design using for example, iodide content and distribution, grain size and morphology and by the degree of finishing in which the type or level of sensitization and additives which decrease fog formation are varied. Thus, there are various ways of controlling fog each having its own effect on speed. At the most advantageous speed/fog position the emulsion can be used most efficiently for imaging. However, at this speed/fog position, the emulsion may not give sufficient developed silver and so may not give sufficient dye formation (Dmax and density gradient) when coated with an imaging coupler, to make it useful in film embodiments.
In color negative processing in accordance with the Kodak Flexicolor C-41 process, the time of development (tod) is 3.25 minutes. As the tod is varied from 3.25 to 4.5 minutes both speed and fog will increase for an element given a step wedge exposure. If the emulsion is coated with an imaging coupler such that there is sufficient development at each tod to reach maximum dye density (Dmax), then, as tod is increased, the film contrast will increase along with the fog (read out as D.sub.min) until or unless the D.sub.min rises rapidly enough to suppress the contrast.
The region where the contrast and D.sub.min do not change substantially with changes in development time (around the 3.25 minutes used for conventional photographic elements) is the region of maximum efficiency for that coupler/silver combination.
High speed emulsions with high iodide contents are provided with addenda during finishing in a manner well-known in the art in order to sensitize the grains to obtain the desired high speed and contrast. This often leads to relatively high D.sub.min values. Emulsions finished to have lower D.sub.min values typically have lower contrast but may have adequate speed. High-speed, high-iodide emulsions are, generally, low in developability.
High iodide content emulsions show lower contrast and often, when this deficiency is combined with inefficiencies in dye formation and dye covering power, need to be coated at higher levels than would lower iodide level emulsions, in order to get the desired contrast. This, of course, interferes with the properties of the element.
It is a problem to be solved to provide an emulsion that is associated with a particular type coupler and that, when finished to have low D.sub.min and contrast, gives a sensitometric response that is improved over that of a more developable emulsion having a conventional coupler associated therewith.

Photographic element with silver halide emulsion layer of low developability and having an associated high dye-yield coupler


A plasma reactor for processing a semiconductor workpiece, includes reactor chamber having a chamber wall and containing a workpiece support for holding the semiconductor support, the electrode comprising a portion of the chamber wall, an RF power generator for supplying power at a frequency of the generator to the overhead electrode and capable of maintaining a plasma within the chamber at a desired plasma ion density level. The overhead electrode has a capacitance such that the overhead electrode and the plasma formed in the chamber at the desired plasma ion density resonate together at an electrode-plasma resonant frequency, the frequency of the generator being at least near the electrode-plasma resonant frequency. The reactor further includes a set of MERIE magnets surrounding the plasma process area overlying the wafer surface that produce a slowly circulating magnetic field which stirs the plasma to improve plasma ion density distribution uniformity.

An RF plasma reactor is used to process semiconductor wafers to produce microelectronic circuits. The reactor forms a plasma within a chamber containing the wafer to be processed. The plasma is formed and maintained by application of RF plasma source power coupled either inductively or capacitively into the chamber. For capacitive coupling of RF source power into the chamber, an overhead electrode (facing the wafer) is powered by an RF source power generator.
One problem in such reactors is that the output impedance of the RF generator, typically 50 Ohms, must be matched to the load impedance presented by the combination of the electrode and the plasma. Otherwise the amount of RF power delivered to the plasma chamber will fluctuate with fluctuations in the plasma load impedance so that certain process parameters such as plasma density cannot be held within the required limits. The plasma load impedance fluctuates during processing because it depends upon conditions inside the reactor chamber which tend to change dynamically as processing progresses. At an optimum plasma density for dielectric or conductor etch processes, the load impedance is very small compared to the output impedance of the RF generator and can vary significantly during the processing of the wafer. Accordingly, an impedance match circuit must be employed to actively maintain an impedance match between the generator and the load. Such active impedance matching uses either a variable reactance and/or a variable frequency. One problem with such impedance match circuits is that they must be sufficiently agile to follow rapid changes in the plasma load impedance, and therefore are relatively expensive and can reduce system reliability due to their complexity.
Another problem is that the range of load impedances over which the match circuit can provide an impedance match (the "match space") is limited. The match space is related to the system Q, where Q=Δf/f, f being a resonant frequency of the system and Δf being the bandwidth on either side of f within which resonant amplitude is within 6 dB of the peak resonant amplitude at f. The typical RF generator has a limited ability to maintain the forward power at a nearly constant level even as more RF power is reflected back to the generator as the plasma impedance fluctuates. Typically, this is achieved by the generator servoing its forward power level, so that as an impedance mismatch increases (and therefore reflected power increases), the generator increases its forward power level. Of course, this ability is limited by the maximum forward power which the generator is capable of producing. Typically, the generator is capable of handling a maximum ratio of forward standing wave voltage to reflected wave voltage (i.e., the voltage standing wave ratio or VSWR) of not more than 3:1. If the difference in impedances increases (e.g., due to plasma impedance fluctuations during processing) so that the VSWR exceeds 3:1, then the RF generator can no longer control the delivered power, and control over the plasma is lost. As a result, the process is likely to fail. Therefore, at least an approximate impedance match must be maintained between the RF generator and the load presented to it by the combination of the electrode and the chamber. This approximate impedance match must be sufficient to keep the VSWR at the generator output within the 3:1 VSWR limit over the entire anticipated range of plasma impedance fluctuations. The impedance match space is, typically, the range of load impedances for which the match circuit can maintain the VSWR at the generator output at or below 3:1.
A related problem is that the load impedance itself is highly sensitive to process parameters such as chamber pressure, plasma source power level, source power frequency and plasma density. This limits the range of such process parameters (the "process window") within which the plasma reactor must be operated to avoid an unacceptable impedance mismatch or avoid fluctuations that take load impedance outside of the match space. Likewise, it is difficult to provide a reactor which can be operated outside of a relatively narrow process window and process use, or one that can handle many process applications.
Another related problem is that the load impedance is also affected by the configuration of the reactor itself, such as dimensions of certain mechanical features and the conductivity or dielectric constant of certain materials within the reactor. (Such configurational items affect reactor electrical characteristics, such as stray capacitance for example, that in turn affect the load impedance.) This makes it difficult to maintain uniformity among different reactors of the same design due to manufacturing tolerances and variations in materials. As a result, with a high system Q and correspondingly small impedance match space, it is difficult to produce any two reactors of the same design which exhibit the same process window or provide the same performance.
Another problem is inefficient use of the RF power source. Plasma reactors are known to be inefficient, in that the amount of power delivered to the plasma tends to be significantly less than the power produced by the RF generator. As a result, an additional cost in generator capability and a trade-off against reliability must be incurred to produce power in excess of what is actually required to be delivered into the plasma.

MERIE plasma reactor with overhead RF electrode tuned to the plasma with arcing suppression


The present invention is directed to a system and method for providing interface layout information related to one or more interface objects. As the designer places various design guides on the design canvas to assist in spacing and laying out interface objects, the ADE maintains a list of distances between each guide. When the user selects a desired screen area within the design canvas, the ADE displays selected distances for one or more of the design guides associated with the selected screen area.

In creating graphics-oriented applications, such as Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Web pages, Rich Internet Applications (RIAs), and the like, designers often obtain graphics files from graphics designers that will be used as templates to generate the application graphics. The graphics designers typically create the graphics files using graphics design and drawing applications, such as MACROMEDIA INC.'s FIREWORKS™ and FREEHAND™, ADOBE SYSTEMS, INC.'s PHOTOSHOP™ and ILLUSTRATOR™, and the like. The application designers generally use application development environments (ADEs), such as MACROMEDIA, INC.'s DREAMWEAVER™ and FLEX BUILDER™, ADOBE SYSTEMS, INC.'s GO LIVE™, MICROSOFT CORPORATION's FRONT PAGE™, and the like, to create the application. The application developers may use the graphics files as templates in creating the application graphics.
In the typical application workflow, the design of the application is often performed visually. For example, in DREAMWEAVER™ and FLEX BUILDER™, the designer may work in a design view mode, in which the designer graphically manipulates screen or interface objects using manual manipulation. More complicated logic functions may be created using a code view mode, in which the designer inputs code, whether HTML code, or other application-compatible code, such as MACROMEDIA INC.'s MXML™, ACTIONSCRIP™, and the like. By combining the graphical design in the design view mode, with the logic-intensive design in the code view, the application designer may create various graphics-related applications.
During design time, the application designer will typically want to match the prepared template graphics as closely as possible. In order to do that, the designer sets design guides onto the design canvas. Design guides are usually just straight lines, either vertical or horizontal, that help designers layout or align various object within the design canvas. Depending on what type of graphic is being used, the designer may have a certain amount of leeway to modify the drawing or relationship in creating the application interface. In other instances, such as when the graphics are logos or other highly-structured items, there may be a standard set of rules that will be strictly followed. In such strict, rules-based designs, the application designer will generally strictly follow each of the rules to create as near of an exact match to the prepared graphics as possible. Therefore, the precise location and positioning of the graphics becomes critical. This strict, rules-based design methodology is, thus, typically one of the more common times that application designers use design guides. However, in creating the design of the application, some of the problems that may arise involve the spacing and size of certain objects on the design canvas. This information is useful in lining up the objects in the proper layout.
Additionally, even without using graphics templates, when a designer is initially creating and placing objects or graphics in a development environment, design guides are typically used to assist in properly spacing and aligning the various objects and graphics.
Depending on the type of application under design, it may also be useful to know the positioning using different units of measure, such as pixels, inches, centimeters, and the like. Additional application types allow reliance on percentages to describe and create the object relationships on the design canvas. A percentage measurement describes the percentage of the available space or canvas where the specific object or design guide is located. Examples of applications that may use percentages are HTML tables, MACROMEDIA INC.'s FLEX™ interface layouts, and the like. Tools exist in current ADE's to assist designers and developers measure the various distances and sizes of the design objects. Such tools typically consist of additional rulers that the designer may select and position across the screen objects. However, such rulers are merely additional user interface (UI) elements for the designer to learn and plot out onto the design canvas. While these existing tools allow the designer/developer to obtain the layout information, the additional time used in manipulating the UI elements adds to the cost of creating the application.


Systems and methods for managing sharing of mini-games over a game cloud system include receiving a request to play a first game executed by the game cloud system, from a first user. The first user is enabled to play the first game, in response to the request, and a recorded video of the game play of the first user is generated. A share request is received from the first user to share the recorded video of the game play. The share request includes a location indicator identifying a location within the recorded video. A video clip is generated from the recorded video of the game play of the first user by including a portion of the recorded video defined in relation to the location indicator identified in the share request. The video clip is shared with one or more users based on information provided in the share request.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to systems and methods for defining, sharing and playing mini-games in a cloud executed system.
2. Description of the Related Art
Cloud systems deliver services over a network (typically the Internet) using computing resources (hardware and software). The services, in the context of gaming, enable streaming of content to remote clients, wherein most processing is done on servers, which may be distributed. Input provided at the remote clients will in turn drive execution of the game on the servers, without the need for dedicated gaming hardware at the client's location. Due to the ease of accessing the games executing on the cloud systems, cloud gaming has been increasing in popularity because users find it easier to access more titles without complex hardware restrictions. Similarly, game suppliers find it easier to manage game code from centralized locations.
It is in this context that embodiments of the invention arise.

Systems and methods for generating and sharing video clips of cloud-provisioned games

Sony Interactive Entertainment America LLC


A rotor blade for a wind turbine is disclosed. The rotor blade may include a body extending lengthwise between a blade root and a blade tip. The body may include a pressure side and a suction side extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge. In addition, the rotor blade may include a plurality of bolts extending from the blade root. A bolt parameter of the bolts may be varied for at least two of the bolts based on the loads transmitted through the blade root.

Wind power is considered one of the cleanest, most environmentally friendly energy sources presently available, and wind turbines have gained increased attention in this regard. A modern wind turbine typically includes a tower, generator, gearbox, nacelle, and one or more rotor blades. The rotor blades capture kinetic energy from wind using known foil principles and transmit the kinetic energy through rotational energy to turn a shaft coupling the rotor blades to a gearbox, or if a gearbox is not used, directly to the generator. The generator then converts the mechanical energy to electrical energy that may be deployed to a utility grid.
During the operation of a wind turbine, each rotor blade is subjected to deflection and/or twisting due to the aerodynamic wind loads acting on the blade, which results in various reaction loads being transmitted through the blade root and into the wind turbine hub via the root bolts coupled between the blade root and the hub. For example, fatigue loads are often transmitted through the blade root along an edgewise direction of the rotor blade while highest extreme blade bending loads are often transmitted through the blade root along a flapwise direction of the rotor blade. As a result, the bolts located along the edgewise portions of the blade root are subjected to different load conditions than the bolts located along the flapwise portions of the blade root. However, conventional rotor blades typically include bolts installed at the blade root that have uniform/constant bolt parameters (e.g., constant bolt diameters and constant circumferential spacing around the blade root). As such, the blade root/bolts must be overdesigned to accommodate the differing load conditions experienced around the circumference of the blade root.
Accordingly, a rotor blade including bolts having one or more bolt parameters that are specifically tailored to accommodate the differing load conditions experienced around the circumference of the blade root would be welcomed in the technology.

Variable bolt parameters for a wind turbine rotor blade


Coating compositions, which are used as a monolithic coating layer for airbags. The coating compositions include a combination of urethanes which are blended together. At least one of the urethane components provides gas-retaining properties and the other provides the aging stability. The gas-retaining urethane may be characterized as having high tensile strength at break, high elongation at break, and a 100% modulus less than 1,200 psi. The aging stability urethane has a polycarbonate backbone as result of a manufacturing process in which a polycarbonate diol is reacted with an isocyanate. The resulting coating compositions, when applied as a single layer to an airbag fabric, result in an airbag with good gas retention and aging stability.

Historically, airbags have been coated with one or more layers of polymeric material to enhance their performance, for example, by preventing the unwanted permeation of air through the fabric and, to a lesser extent, by protecting the fabric from detriment due to exposure to hot gases used to inflate the airbags. Polychloroprene was the polymer of choice in the early development of coated airbags. Subsequently, polychloroprene was almost universally replaced by silicone-based materials.
Newer designs for airbags, particularly those being placed in the sides of passenger compartments, have introduced the requirement that the bags hold pressure longer under use. The requirement of longer air retention times and the use of lower coating levels of silicone polymer have highlighted the effect that a naturally lubricating silicone coating may allow the yarns in the airbag fabric to shift when a sewn seam is stressed. This shifting may lead to leakage of the inflating gas through pores formed from the shifting yarns.
In the past, extended pressure retention times have been achieved by applying a first layer of gas-retaining polymer (such as a silicone-containing polymer) to the fabric surface and then applying a second, protective layer over the first layer. The second, protective layer prevents the airbag coating from sticking to itself when folded and stored (a condition known as "blocking") and also protects the first, gas-retaining layer from damage due to aging, abrasion, and the like. In most situations, the second layer also helps to minimize the burn rate of the airbag to satisfy burn test requirements as mandated by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 302.
Various coating systems have been advocated combining silicone with different polymers in the same polymer network. By way of example, such silicone-based coating systems are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,348,543; 6,468,929; 6,545,092; 6,846,004; and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005-0100692 all to Parker and all of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
Various multi-layered coating systems have also been advocated. In this regard, exemplary multi-layer systems are set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,239,046; 6,641,686; 6,734,123; and 6,770,578 all to Veiga and 6,177,365 and 6,177,366 to Li all of which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
Airbag manufacturers have used these and other solutions to address the multiple problems associated with forming a suitable coating composition. Specifically, the airbag coating is required to provide the necessary gas retention properties to the airbag. It is also desirable that the coating impart flame retardance to the airbag. In this regard, flame retardance has typically been achieved by incorporating flame retardant additives into the top layer(s) of a multi-layered coating, since the incorporation of flame retardant additives into the fabric-contacting layer may impair gas retention. Another desirable characteristic is the avoidance of so called "blocking" in which the coating compositions tend to stick to themselves when the bags are folded and stored over long periods of time. Finally, another desirable feature is the need for the airbag coating to be stable to aging, meaning that the coating will not degrade over time and in extreme conditions of heat and/or humidity.
As best understood, single coating layers have been generally deficient in meeting these various problems. Thus, the use of multi-layered coatings has gained relatively broad acceptance. The urethane-based coating composition of the present disclosure may be used as a monolithic coating layer for airbags with performance characteristics comparable to those of the prior multi-layered coatings. Accordingly, the disclosure provides a useful advancement over the prior art.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.


The number n of N-poles and S-poles circumferentially aligned on the cylindrical magnet that integrally rotates with the first shaft is determined so as to be a greatest integer that satisfies the following formula that includes a maximum value Tmax (Nm) of the torque to be detected and a torsion spring constant k (Nm/deg) of the torsion bar connecting the first shaft and the second shaft: 2·n·Tmax/k<360. The cylindrical magnet includes teeth-shaped portions in which portions corresponding to the N-poles and the S-poles are of a protruding shape, so that adhesion of magnetic dust concentrates at the protruding portions. Thus, a torque detecting apparatus is provided that reduces the effect of the adhesion of the magnetic dust, so as to attain higher detection sensitivity and thereby improve the detection accuracy, without incurring an increase in cost.

In an electric power steering apparatus that drives a motor for steering assistance in accordance with a rotational operation of a steering member such as a steering wheel and transmits the rotational force of the motor to a steering mechanism thus to assist the steering, a steering torque applied to the steering member has to be detected for the drive control of the motor for steering assistance, and for such detection a torque detecting apparatus has been conventionally employed halfway of a steering shaft connecting the steering member and the steering mechanism.
In the torque detecting apparatus, the steering shaft, which is the object of the detection, is split into a first shaft and a second shaft coaxially connected through a torsion bar of a reduced diameter, so that when a steering torque is applied to the steering shaft by a rotational operation of the steering member, a relative angular displacement is created between the first and the second shaft along with distortion of the torsion bar caused by the effect of the steering torque, and the steering torque is detected based on the relative angular displacement.
The detection of the relative angular displacement between the first and the second shaft has been executed by various means, one of which is found in a torque detecting apparatus that includes a cylindrical magnet that integrally rotates with the first shaft and a magnetic yoke that integrally rotates with the second shaft, so as to detect the relative angular displacement utilizing a variation of a magnetic circuit between the cylindrical magnet and the magnetic yoke (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
The magnetic yoke that integrally rotates with the second shaft includes a plurality of magnetic pole nails circumferentially aligned on a ring-shaped yoke element so as to axially extend in a same direction, such that two of such yoke elements opposing each other with the respective magnetic pole nails alternately aligned in a circumferential direction constitute a pair, and such pair is fixed on the second shaft. The cylindrical magnet that integrally rotates with the first shaft is constituted as a multi-pole magnet including the same number of magnetic poles circumferentially aligned thereon as that of the magnetic pole nails of the magnetic yoke, and is fixed on the first shaft at such a position that each of the magnetic pole nails of the paired magnetic yoke falls on a boundary between a N-pole and a S-pole.
On an outer side of the paired magnetic yoke, magnetic focusing rings that collect the magnetic flux generated on the magnetic yokes are fixedly disposed, so as to closely surround the outer side of the respective yoke element. The magnetic focusing rings respectively include a magnetic focusing projection, formed so as to project from a position circumferentially corresponding to each other and thus to oppose each other with a narrow airgap therebetween, and between the magnetic focusing projections, a magnetic sensor constituted of a hall element or the like is disposed.
Under such structure, when the relative angular displacement is created between the the first shaft and the second shaft, the circumferential positional relationship between the magnetic pole nails of the paired magnetic yoke and the magnetic poles of the cylindrical magnet changes in an opposite direction to each other, and a change of the magnetic flux in the respective magnetic yoke in accordance with the positional change increases or decreases the density of the magnetic flux leaking out into the airgap between the magnetic focusing projections, thereby changing an output of the magnetic sensor. Accordingly, picking up such change in output leads to detection of the torque applied to the first and the second shaft (steering torque).
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-149062


A method for forming resist patterns comprising coating a resist comprising a polymeric or copolymeric compound having a repeating unit comprising a protected alkali-soluble group in which the protecting group is cleaved with an acid so that the compound is made alkali-soluble, and an acid generator capable of generating an acid upon the radiation exposure to a substrate to be fabricated, then pre-baking the formed resist film, successively selectively exposing the resist film, thereafter, developing a latent image with a developer containing an aqueous or alcoholic solution of a specified ammonium compound or morpholine compound. According to this method, crack formation and peeling of a pattern can be suppressed at the time of forming resist patterns.

Recently, semiconductor integrated circuits have been further integrated so that LSI and VLSI can be practically utilized. Simultaneous with this tendency, the minimum pattern on the integrated circuit now has a size in the submicron region and finer. In the formation of a fine pattern, it is essential to use a lithography technique comprising covering a base or substrate to be fabricated, having a film formed thereon with a resist, then selectively exposing the same to form a latent image of a desired pattern, thereafter, developing the latent pattern to form a resist pattern, successively, conducting dry etching such that the resist pattern is used as a mask, followed by removing the resist, whereby a desired pattern is obtained. As the exposing source used in this lithography, ultraviolet light rays such as g-line (wave length of 436 nm) and i-line (wave length of 365 nm) have been used. However, as a pattern becomes finer, far ultraviolet light, vacuum ultraviolet light, electron beam, X ray, etc., which have shorter wavelengths, have been utilized. Particularly, recently, excimer laser (KrF laser having a wave length of 248 nm, ArF laser having a wave length of 193 nm) has become available as a light source and is expected to be effective in the formation of a fine pattern. In the specification of the present application, the term "radiation" includes light from these various light sources, i.e., ultraviolet light, far ultraviolet light, vacuum ultraviolet light, electron beam (EB), X ray, various kind of laser beam, etc.
In order to form a submicron pattern using an exposure light in the region of far ultraviolet light or vacuum ultraviolet light having a shorter wave length, a resist is required to have an excellent transparency at the wave length of the exposure light. Further, it is demanded to have an adequate dry etching resistance for utilization as a resist. Such a resist is, for example, a radiation-sensitive material characterized by comprising a polymer or copolymer of an acrylate or .alpha.-substituted acrylate having an adamantane skeleton in the ester portion thereof, which has been invented by the present inventors (see, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 4-39665). Further, the present inventors have invented, as a similar resist, a chemical amplification radiation-sensitive material characterized by comprising a polymer or copolymer of an acrylate or .alpha.-substituted acrylate having a norbornene skeleton in the ester portion thereof (see, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 5-257181) as well as a chemical amplification radiation-sensitive material comprising a polymer or copolymer of cyclohexylmaleimide (see, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 5-257285).
The chemical amplification radiation-sensitive materials as mentioned above have problems of low solubility in an aqueous alkaline solution, which is the developer, and poor adhesion. Thus, in order to solve these problems, the present inventors have found a pattern formation method, comprising adding isopropyl alcohol to an aqueous organic alkaline solution as a developer, and filed the patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-276597, filed on Nov. 10, 1994).

Method for forming resist patterns by using an ammonium or morpholine compound as a developer


A system enhances automation of activating network service between a customer modem and a central office modem over a digital subscriber line (DSL) link. The central office modem couples the customer modem to a network for providing the network service. The system comprises a polling system coupled with the central office modems. The polling system polls inactive central office modems in order to detect the presence of an associated customer modem. A discovery application is coupled with the polling system and the central office modems for selectively enabling ones of the central office modems in accordance with a result of the polling system. If the polling system detects the presence of the customer modem, the associated central office modem is enabled for providing network service to a customer.

The present invention relates generally to Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) technology, and specifically to a system and method for reducing manual requirements for activating such technology.
Remote access and retrieval of data is becoming increasingly popular in data communication. The proliferation of the Internet has provided a vast network of information that is available to the general public. As the Internet grows and technology advances, this information is becoming increasingly voluminous and the details are become increasingly intricate. What used to be mainly text information has grown to include still and moving images as well as sound. The increase in volume of information to be transferred has presented a need for a high-speed Internet connection, since traditional telephone modems communicate at speeds too slow for efficient communication.
One proposal for high-speed communication is the introduction of Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) technology. One of the most attractive features of DSL is that it is implemented using an infrastructure that already exists. DSL shares copper twisted pair lines typically used for telephone communication. However, only a small portion (0 to 4 kHz) of the available bandwidth of the twisted pair line is used for Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS). DSL takes advantage of the available frequency spectrum from 4 kHz to approximately 1.1 MHz for transmitting data.
A DSL modem is a device that modulates and demodulates signals across a DSL physical interface. An ATU-R modem is located at a customer's site and an ATU-C modem is located in a central office (CO) or remote terminal (RT) of a loop provider. When the modems initialize at power-up, they attempt to train and synchronize their signals with each other.
The ATU-C is administratively enabled or disabled as a part of managing a network element in which it resides. The ATU-C is administratively enabled if a DSL subscriber has requested service on the line connected to that ATU-C. If there is no DSL subscriber on that link, then the ATU-C is disabled.
Referring to FIG. 1, a typical DSL data service connection to the Internet is illustrated generally by numeral 100. A plurality of ATU-Rs 102 are coupled to associated ATU-Cs 104 via twisted pairs 106. The ATU-Cs 104 are located in a remote terminal or CO 110 and are coupled to an access network 108. The access network 108 couples the ATU-Cs 104 to the Internet 112 via a gateway 109. An element management system (EMS) 114 is coupled between an operations support system (OSS) 116 and the access network 108.
While the following implementation specifically describes an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) access network, it will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the access network could be other networks such as Synchronous Optical Network (SONET), Internet Protocol (IP), and the like. In order for a customer to request DSL service on a particular line, the following procedure occurs. The OSS 116, which is partially manually operated and partially computerized, determines whether service is available for the line and optionally determines whether the twisted pair has availability for the required DSL bandwidth. Using the EMS 114, the ATU-C 104 is provisioned with DSL service data and the ATU-C 104 is administratively enabled. Using the EMS 114 and/or a network management system (NMS), a circuit (such as an ATM permanent virtual circuit (PVC)) is provisioned from the ATU-C 104 through the ATM access network 108 to the Internet 112 via the gateway 109, such as a subscriber management system (SMS). A PVC is a software-defined logical connection/path in a network. This path is illustrated in FIG. 1 by dotted lines. For example, the PVC connects the customer to the customer's Internet Service Provider's point of presence on the Internet.
The customer installs the ATU-R 102 and connects an Internet Protocol (IP) device such as a personal computer (PC), Voice over ATM integrated access device (IAD), or Voice over IP (VoIP) IAD. The ATU-R 102 powers up and attempts to train with the ATU-C 104. After a successful training, the ATU-R 102 typically uses ATM configurations such as virtual circuit identifiers (VCIs) and their associated traffic characteristic, layer 2+ configurations such as a Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) related configuration, or such as a PPPoE user id (e.g., firstname.lastname@example.com) and password, and may also require layer 3 configuration data. (The "layers" refer to the 7-layer Open Source Initiative [OSI] model.) The customer can then start IP traffic. For example, a World Wide Web (WWW) homepage can be downloaded using hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)/Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/Internet Protocol (IP). That is, the customer is connected to the Internet.
In DSL networks as described above, the process for configuring DSL service is very laborious and time-consuming. Specifically, some of the steps involved may include order entry, loop qualification, provisioning DSL interfaces, provisioning ATM virtual circuits to the voice or data network, provisioning Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) user id's, provisioning internal network tunnels, and the like. Each of these steps requires manual action at the EMS 114, NMS or OSS 116, and takes time. This translates into high labor costs to activate service, and a high opportunity cost of slow service activation. Furthermore, the carrier—not the customer—controls all of the main steps.
Therefore, there is a need for a system and method that provides enhanced activation of DSL subscriber lines. It is an object of the present invention to obviate or mitigate at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages.

System and method for enhancing the activation of DSL service


When the user of the mobile communication terminal produces the originating operation while in the idle state with the wireless system C, the control section acquires the input of the user of the mobile communication terminal via the key input section (step 302) and acquires, through the present position acquisition section, area identification data of an area L where it is placed in the idle state (step 304). The control section makes a reference to the table of connection scores held in the storage section and acquires a connection score p for the system A corresponding to the area L (step 306). Next, the control section judges the start of origination to the system A by using the connection score p (step 308).

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a mobile communication terminal and a communication control method for shortening the time required for connection to a wireless system and for decreasing the consumption of electric power.
2. Description of the Related Art
A plurality of wireless systems have nowadays been placed in practice, such as CDMA 2000 (Code Division Multiple Access), EV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized), W-CDMA (a European version of Wideband CDMA) and the like. In the future, it is expected that even the same wireless system will be operated at different frequency bands such as a 800 MHz band, a 1.7 GHz band, a 2 GHz band and so on. A mobile communication terminal has been developed that can be used for a plurality of wireless systems or over a plurality of frequency bands.
When a power source circuit is closed, the mobile communication terminal performs acquisition acquirement of control signals transmitted from the base stations of the systems (inclusive of when different frequency bands are used by the same system) in accordance with an order based on the data of a preferred roaming list stored in the terminal and is shifted into an idle state after the synchronization is synchronized. Even in the case of the control signal of the system in the idle state being lost or even in the case where it becomes difficult to maintain the idle state due to a deterioration in the electromagnetic wave environment, the mobile communication terminal carries out the acquisition operation in accordance with an order based on the data of the preferred roaming list and is shifted into the idle state with the system that is acquired.
There is a technology that has been known for varying the order of acquiring a plurality of systems depending upon the reception quality (RSSI or Ec/Io) in the idle state. For example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. JP-A-2003-153325 discloses an art where two systems A and B are registered in this order to the preferred roaming list. If this system A that had been in the idle state is lost, there is a high probability of acquiring system A if the reception quality of system A is better than a given condition. In addition if acquired, the acquisition operation is carried out again in order of A→B.
However, if the reception quality of system A is poorer than the given condition, the probability of acquiring system A again becomes low. In this case, acquisition of system A is not attempted but the operation is started for acquiring system B in order to shorten the time for re-acquisition and to decrease the consumption of electric power.
In the mobile communication terminal capable of using a plurality of wireless systems however, the system in the idle state may not often be the same as the system that originates. For example, the system can be placed in the idle state with CDMA 2000 and originate in a wireless LAN only at the time of receiving the streaming of dynamic images.
As a concrete example, there is contrived a mobile communication terminal that operates as shown in FIG. 10. It is presumed that the mobile communication terminal can be used with three systems A, B and C, and is placed in the idle state with system C. If the origination operation is performed while in the idle state with system C (step 102), the operation is conducted to acquire system A (step 104). Here, if system A is acquired, the communication starts with system A (step 106). If system A is not acquired, the operation works to acquire system B (step 108). Here, if system B is acquired, the communication starts with system B (step 110). If system B is not acquired, the operation works to acquire system C (step 112). Here, if system C is acquired, the communication starts with system C (step 114). If system C is not acquired, the origination fails and an idle state is assumed (step 116).
Here, concerning the mobile communication terminal that performs the above sequence, origination in an area which is out of the service area for system A results in the waste of time and electric power if it is attempted to acquire system A at step 104. In an area which is out of the service area for system A, the origination shall not be performed to system A but shall be performed to system B or to system C irrespective of the condition under which system C is receiving the electromagnetic waves.
However, the art disclosed in the above Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. JP-A-2003-153325 does not give consideration to changing the system at the source of origination which depend upon the area where the mobile communication terminal is placed in the idle state not being capable of shortening the time required for connection to the wireless system and not being capable of decreasing the consumption of electric power.

Mobile communication terminal and communication control method

Casio Hitachi Mobile Communications Co., Ltd.


A process for the production of a thin walled metal detail (4) with an undercut (2), whereas a mold (1) is equipped with a first mold half (10) and a second mold half (20), characterized in that the first mold half (10) is equipped with a core (10a) and moveable core (11) the latter giving shape to said undercut (2) wherein,    a) the mold (1) in the closed position is filled with metal melt allowed to set after which,    b) the mold is (1) opened by withdrawing the second mold half (20) at which,    c) the moveable core (11) is pushed out in unison with at least one ejector pin hereby ejecting the metal detail (4) from the mold (1) whereupon,    d) the metal detail (4) is removed from the moveable (11) core.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of die cast thin-walled details of metal and a device in a mold adapted thereto.
2. Description of Known Technology
Die cast metal parts are commonly used today. These are used in many different areas where there are high demands for low weight, function and precision. Details obtained through ingot casting need to be extensively processed after casting to achieve the desired precision. Such details also need fairly thick goods to ensure complete filling of the mold cavity since no pressure can be applied. The latter increases the weight of finished work piece weight which is not desirable. Also inner volumes of articles intended to have a certain capacity is reduced. Injection molding of for example aluminum makes it possible to utilize so called rheo-casting which provides higher homogeneity and reduced risk of forming pores in the molded goods. Injection molding of aluminum is performed in the temperature range 670-720° C. High pressures are used to produce thin-walled parts in particular when utilizing rheo-casting. This implies that high demands on the sealing planes in the mold as the melt has low viscosity and easily creeps into the partition plan. Traditionally, it has therefore been considered impossible to design injection molded details with collapsing core as this would greatly reduce the life expectancy of the mold.
One way known in the art is to utilize separate cores for providing undercuts. These separate cores are assembled into the mold prior to molding and is after the molding pried or knocked out of the molded part. There are several problems with this known method.
First of all, the molded part will shrink onto the separate core and the release angle will therefore have to be rather large, typically in excess of 5°. This will of course limit the practical use of making undercuts.
Secondly the cycle time will increase as the mold will have to be assembled before each molding.
Thirdly the separate cores will be damaged due to all the handling especially when the separate cores are knocked out of the molded part. This will affect the sealing of the mold and consequently limit the useful life of the mold itself.
Fourth, the mold temperature is very important for the quality of the molded detail and there is no practical way to temper the separate cores prior to, as well as during the molding cycle.
Fifth, the use of separate cores will also increase the need for post molding treatment as the inevitable dents on sensitive edges of the separate cores, which are intended to form sealing planes in the mold will cause so called burrs and flash.
Sixth, the knocking and prying operation to remove the separate cores from the molded part will increase the risk for damaging not only the separate core but also the part itself. Small cracks or fissures not unlike those related to as metal fatigue can occur which leads to a need for substantial testing of molded parts with serious functions such as certain critical vehicle components.
Seventh, the separate cores need to be fixed in their proper position during the molding which calls for one or more support pins arranged at the opposite side of the mold. These support pins will leave holes in the molded part and these holes will in most cases have to be plugged after molding.
Eight, all of the above listed problems will inevitably lead to a substantial cost increase for the molded articles due to increased handling, longer cycle times, shorter life expectancy of the molds, increased amount of rejected articles, lower average quality of molded parts, increased testing to assure quality and finally increased work effort on each molded part.

Process for the manufacturing of a thin-walled article in metal


A carrier substrate includes a first network of electrical connections and recess. An electronic chip is mounted to the carrier substrate within the recess. The electronic chip includes an integrated guide of optical waves and a second network of electrical connections. A end section of an elongate optical cable is mounted on one side of the electronic chip with a longitudinal guide of optical waves optically coupled to the integrated guide of optical waves. Electrical connection elements are interposed between a face of the electronic chip and a bottom wall of the recess, such that first connect pads of the first electrical connection network are connected to second connect pads of the second electrical connection network through the electrical connection elements.

It is known in the art to have a system which includes an integrated circuit chip that is configured to handle optical signals. It is also known in the art for optical signals to be transmitted over an optical cable. An interface is needed at the integrated circuit chip to couple to an end of the optical cable. There is a need at the point of the interface to securely mount the optical cable to the integrated circuit chip. There is further a need for configuring the mounting of the integrated circuit chip to a carrier substrate in a manner which supports the coupling of the optical cable.

Electronic device comprising an electronic chip provided with an optical cable


The present invention discloses a method including: obtaining downtilt coordination information of a local cell and downtilt coordination information of a neighbor cell; and setting, according to the downtilt coordination information of the local cell and the downtilt coordination information of the neighbor cell, a downtilt of a time-frequency resource block on an antenna of the local cell with respect to a to-be-coordinated user equipment. The downtilt coordination information of the local cell and that of the neighbor cell are referenced to for setting the downtilt of the time-frequency resource block on the antenna of the local cell with respect to the to-be-coordinated user equipment, which avoids interference on user equipments within a service range of the neighbor cell while ensuring signal received power and SINR experience for user equipments within a service range of the local cell.

As shown in FIG. 1, a downtilt is a direction of an antenna vertical main beam. Generally, when the downtilt of an antenna is aligned to a UE (User Equipment, user equipment), the UE has a best signal received power and best signal received quality.
At present, an AAS (Active Antenna System, active antenna system) is capable of electrically adjusting a downtilt in milliseconds based on subcarriers, which may align a downtilt on each time-frequency resource block of an antenna to a target UE, to improve a signal received power and enhance signal received quality of the target UE.
However, as shown in FIG. 2, when UEs are distributed evenly in terms of geographical location, elevation angles of most UEs are smaller than a downtilt that is set for each cell antenna which uses the same downtilt. In order to align the downtilt set on each time-frequency resource block of an antenna to a target UE, the downtilt set by the AAS system will make a vertical beam on each time-frequency resource block to further point to a cell edge. Hence, in a co-frequency networking system, an interfering power of a local cell on signals of UEs in a neighbor cell increases, which affects SINR (Signal-to-Interference Plus Noise Ratio, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) experience of UEs in the cells.

Method and apparatus for handling inter-cell interference


An optical system for a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus has an optical axis, at least one mirror arrangement having a plurality of mirror elements that are adjustable independently of one another for altering an angular distribution of the light reflected by the mirror arrangement, and a deflection device which includes, relative to the optical beam path downstream of the mirror arrangement, at least one deflection surface at which a deflection of the optical axis occurs. The at least one deflection surface has refractive power.

Microlithographic projection exposure apparatuses are used for producing microstructured components, such as integrated circuits or LCDs, for example. Such a projection exposure apparatus has an illumination device and a projection lens. In the microlithographic process, the image of a mask (=reticle) illuminated with the aid of the illumination device is projected via the projection lens onto a substrate (e.g. a silicon wafer) coated with a light-sensitive layer (photoresist) and arranged in the image plane of the projection lens, in order to transfer the mask structure to the light-sensitive coating of the substrate.
During the operation of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus, it is desirable to set defined illumination settings, i.e. intensity distributions in a pupil plane of the illumination device, in a targeted manner. For this purpose, in addition to the use of diffractive optical elements (so-called DOEs), the use of mirror arrangements is also known, e.g. from WO 2005/026843 A2. Such mirror arrangements include a multiplicity of micromirrors that can be set independently of one another, and enable the flexible variation of the intensity distribution set in the illumination device.
In this case, in practice the maximum settable tilting angles of the mirror elements within such a mirror arrangement for setting the respectively desired illumination settings are limited (typically to a few degrees), in order to avoid mechanical problems when realizing the tilting of the mirror elements (e.g. owing to an instability of the flexures typically used there) and, if appropriate, problems appertaining to the dissipation of heat in the region of the mirror arrangement. This restriction of the maximum tilting angles within the mirror arrangement in turn has the effect that a Fourier optical unit that is typically used in the illumination device and serves for converting the angular distribution of the illumination light into a spatial distribution in the pupil plane typically has to have relatively long focal lengths (e.g. several meters).
In order to realize these focal lengths with a still tenable outlay, it is known to configure the Fourier optical unit as an optical zoom system with a plurality of refractive lens elements, but in principle this increases the outlay in respect of material and costs. Furthermore, the configuration of the Fourier optical unit as an optical zoom system with a plurality of refractive lens elements can also mean an increased structural outlay in the configuration of the optical design of the projection exposure apparatus insofar as e.g. the accommodation of supporting structures, which is likewise involved spatially and which desirably is not be impeded by the additional lens elements within the optical zoom system, is made more difficult.
With regard to the prior art, reference is made, merely by way of example, to WO 2005/026843 A2, US 2009/0116093 A1 and US 2006/055834 A1.

Optical system for a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus


A repeater system including bi-directional amplifier circuitry that is configured for repeating signals between at least one device and a first signal source. Receiver circuitry is coupled with the amplifier circuitry provides at least one signal associated with at least one of a device or the first signal source or a second signal source. Controller circuitry is configured for monitoring a parameter of a provided signal that is reflective of a property of a signal source or a device. The monitored parameter is used to make a determination of whether repeated signals associated with the first signal source will desensitize the operation of the second signal source. The controller circuitry is also operable for adjusting the power level of the signals that are repeated by the bi-directional amplifier circuitry based on the determination that repeated signals will desensitize the operation of the second signal source.

Repeaters, distributed antenna systems, and similar signal repeating systems are wireless communication systems that are used to extend coverage into areas where the radio frequency (RF) signal penetration from traditional base transceiver stations (BTS's) is limited or not present. Those low signal or no signal areas might be inside buildings, in tunnels, shadowed areas that are behind mountains, underground train systems, and various other isolated areas. Generally, applications for such repeater communication systems are for those situations where the repeater or distributed antenna system (DAS) is immobile and is mounted in a fixed location with respect to one or more base transceiver stations. In other applications, the area that has limited penetration of the RF signals is mobile. That is, the repeater or distributed antenna system is installed in a moving or mobile environment or conveyance such as a train, ship, car, bus, or airplane, for example.
One common mobile application for repeater systems is in a train car where the repeater system is used to compensate for the train's signal penetration loss. A typical train car repeater system includes a donor antenna positioned or mounted on the outside of the train car to provide a radio link with a donor site, such as a nearby base transceiver station, and a coverage antenna positioned in the interior of the train car to provide a radio link with mobile devices located in the extended coverage area inside the train car. The donor and coverage antennas are connected by a bi-directional amplifier that boosts the levels of the uplink and downlink radio signals handled by the repeater system so that the signals have sufficient strength to ensure that train passengers can use smart phones and other mobile devices without dropping calls and with the benefit of higher data rates.
Because repeater systems increase the level of uplink signals (e.g., signals from the mobile devices to the base station) through electronic amplification, the repeater system may also generate and transmit spurious signals due to intermodulation distortion caused by non-linearities in the bi-directional amplifier, for example. These spurious signal emissions, and in particular third order intermodulation product emissions, must be controlled to avoid interfering with other mobile communication systems. Third order intermodulation products will often create co-channel interference in adjacent frequency bands. This co-channel interference will usually result in the affected communication system needing a higher received signal level for the particular desired signal than would normally be necessary in order to function properly. Co-channel interference therefore, effectively desensitizes the affected communication systems. For this reason, the allowable out-of-band spurious emissions of wireless repeater systems are regulated by standards bodies such as the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to ensure that such spurious emissions are kept below a desired level.
In a stationary environment, such a consideration takes advantage of the somewhat static signal conditions. Interference control requirements are typically met through proper selection of system components and configuration settings made at the time the repeater system is commissioned. For example, a stationary repeater system providing extended coverage for a distant BTS may use a directional donor antenna that is oriented toward a more distant donor BTS to reduce emissions in the direction of the nearby non-donor BTS.
However, in a mobile environment, the conditions are more dynamic. For example, the positions of donor and non-donor BTS's change with respect to the repeater system, as the train or other mobile platform moves. Therefore, a repeater system configuration that provides acceptable performance at one location of a moving mobile platform may cause unacceptable interference at another location. The mobile environment also places additional constraints on the repeater system design, since the repeater system must operate under changing and somewhat unpredictable environmental conditions.
One specific issue faced by in-train repeater systems involves desensitization of Global System for Mobile communication—Railway (GSM-R) base stations by a mobile repeater system. GSM-R is a secure signal platform that provides voice and data communication between train and railway communication centers. GSM-R is used by railway operating staff such as train drivers, engineers, dispatchers, shunting team members, and station controllers to provide a reliable method of communication. GSM-R base stations are typically deployed along the rail track right-of-way, so the train cars will occasionally pass within a few meters of various GSM-R base stations, as they travel on the track. In configuring such systems, GSM-R operators generally do not allow other GSM-900 service providers to co-locate base transceiver stations on the same towers or structures supporting GSM-R equipment. Therefore, when a train having an in-train repeater system passes a GSM-R base station along a track, the donor base station that is providing GSM-900 service to the riders in the train car is typically much further away from the donor antenna of the repeater system than the GSM-R base station. In a worst-case (but not uncommon) scenario, the in-train repeater system will be near the signal coverage edge or limit of the donor GSM-900 base station as the train passes the GSM-R base station. Therefore, the mobile repeater system will be operating at maximum signal gain in order to maintain signal contact with the donor base station. In such a scenario, the uplink signals transmitted by the in-train repeater system will be much stronger at the closer GSM-R base station than at the more distant donor base station.
This "near-far" condition for the mobile repeater system places greater than normal suppression requirements on the spurious emissions of an in-train repeater system. For this reason, an in-train repeater system that meets the suitable ETSI and 3GPP emissions standards may still cause significant interference with or desensitization of the near GSM-R base station. The spurious emissions of the in-train repeater system may therefore have to be suppressed even more than would normally be required in other types of repeater systems to avoid interfering with the much closer GSM-R base station. This problem is further aggravated due to the mission-critical nature of GSM-R communications, which increases the importance of reducing interference, or the possibility of interference, with GSM-R systems caused by the mobile repeater system.
Therefore, there is a need for improved systems and methods for reducing desensitization of certain base stations, such as GSM-R base stations, by in-train or other mobile repeater systems.

System and method for reducing desensitization of a base station transceiver for mobile wireless repeater systems


A polymer composition includes a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin and a cyclic phosphonate ester compound. Embodiments of the composition demonstrate good impact strength, flame retardancy, heat resistance. Some embodiments additionally demonstrate moisture resistance and low heat sag. A shaped article and an electronic device can be made from the flame retardant polymer composition.

1. Field
The inventions relate to a flame retardant polymer composition that can be used to make molded articles with good physical and mechanical properties.
2. Description of the Related Technology
In general, rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resins show good processability, excellent physical properties, particularly, high impact strength and good appearance. Based on these advantages, rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resins have been widely applied to a variety of applications, including electrical and electronic products and office machines. However, these resins tend to burn out when they are applied to heat-emitting devices, such as computers and facsimile machines. Thus, methods for imparting flame retardancy to rubber-modified styrene resins are being developed.
A widely known method for imparting flame retardancy is the addition of a halogen-containing compound with an optional antimony catalyst. The inclusion of a halogen containing compound for flame retardancy may make the resin toxic. Therefore, non-halogenated compounds for use as flame retardants are desirable.
Other researchers have attempted to impart flame retardancy to rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resins by the addition of aromatic phosphates. However, this has resulted in the deterioration of physical and mechanical properties of the resin. In addition, the volatility of the phosphate results in impurities in the polymer resin. Since these compositions are also highly hygroscopic, special care is required in drying during processing when the composition is used as a flame retardant. In addition, molded articles manufactured from the composition by injection molding may suffer from deformation and serious variation in physical properties depending on the ambient atmospheric conditions, and thus there is a limitation in applying the composition to products.

Flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition


A radiation detector for dirty bomb and lost radioactive source detection applications is enclosed in a small pager-style housing made of impact resistant ABS plastic and epoxy binder composite which is relatively transparent to alpha, beta, gamma, fast neutron, and x-ray radiation, while also being optically opaque and providing a protective enclosure for the radiation detector components disposed inside the housing. The detector combines indirect radiation detection using a scintillator and photodiode and direct radiation detection by placing the photodiode and a high gain amplifier in the path of radiation. Semiconductors in these components generate an electrical signal from high energy radiation, whereby an alarm indicates the presence of the radiation.

The term "radiation" as used herein refers to any type of ionizing radiation of various energies, including fast neutron radiation.
Radiation detectors are used in medicine, industry, and research for dosimetry, imaging, and homeland security applications. Most radiation detectors are able to detect only specific types of radiation, and at narrow intensity ranges. A dirty bomb can contain any type of radioactive isotope, so there is a need to detect different kinds of ionizing radiation, including fast neutron radiation from fissionable materials, in a single radiation detector. Since the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the source of the radiation, a homeland security radiation detector must also detect a wide range of radiation intensities.
For homeland security purposes, it is impractical to install radiation detectors on every street corner, so there is a need for a small, portable, rugged radiation detector that can travel with many people throughout a community for wide-area scanning.
The present invention solves this need by providing radiation detector that can detect many different types of radiations and intensities while continuing to function when exposed to high levels of radiation, including a small, rugged, pager-like radiation detector.

Portable radiation detector and method of detecting radiation


The present hook is a deformable hook for removably securing a monocular screen to an eyeglass. The hook includes a first end portion for fixing to said screen, a second end portion for contacting with a peripheral surface of said eyeglass, and a central portion interconnecting the first and second end portions and for passing over an edge surface of the eyeglass. The first and second end portions include a pin portion extendable through an orifice in a periphery of the screen. The hook is a solid body, and the first end portion is preferably of a rectilinear shape extending along a longitudinal axis.

Given that the manufacturers of frames do not provide a screen (or additional face) of shape adapted to each frame put on the market, and in addition do not propose a screen of optical characteristics adapted to each requirement, the user of eyeglasses is faced with a very limited range of options: since the additional faces available on the market are of shapes that are generally not adapted to the shape of the frame of particular eyeglasses, the additional faces are mounted on the eyeglasses as an approximate fit and that generally gives rise to poor fixing; in addition, additional faces are generally unsuitable for being fixed to eyeglasses for children; a wearer of eyeglasses is thus faced with a restricted range of options for screens both in terms of shape and in terms of color.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,017,001 describes a monocular screen for eyeglasses including three fasteners of synthetic resin each in the form of an arch and each provided with a central projection; a front portion of the fastener is inserted in a groove provided at the periphery of the screen, and a rear portion of the fastener can clip onto the frame of the eyeglasses that receive the screen; the fastener is fixed to the glass of the screen either by adhesive applied to the inside face of the front portion of the fastener, or by making holes in the front portion of the fastener, in the central projection, and in the periphery of the lens; under such circumstances, the fastener is secured by means of a wire-like piece of material which is inserted through the orifices and which is held in place by adhesive or by being a force-fit, like a cotter or other pin.
The screen is assembled on the pair of eyeglasses by a transverse movement and by a pivoting movement; to this end, the three fasteners are disposed in a special configuration.
That monocular screen suffers from drawbacks: making grooves in the periphery of the screen lens requires special tooling such as a grinder, and also requires a high degree of accuracy in machining to obtain a groove of shape that matches that of the fastener; in addition, making grooves that open out into the periphery of a lens runs the risk of damaging the lens, in particular the risk of breaking it, specifically when the profile of the groove is angular in shape.
The monocular screen described in that document is difficult to fix to the frame of eyeglasses in stable manner because of the fasteners having special positions that are made necessary by the special movement for securing the monocular screen to the pair of eyeglasses, in particular because of the presence of a top fastener in a substantially central position and because of the presence of two bottom fasteners on the sides; that disposition also makes it necessary to identify accurately and measure accurately the height of the eyeglasses so as to match the positions of the fasteners as a function of the height of the eyeglasses, which requires a special measuring tool to be used; the special configuration of fasteners described in that document leads to the need to provide a fastener of matching shape for each thickness of screen lens in order to clamp the screen lens between the front portion of the fastener and its central projection; similarly, the screen described in that document requires a fastener of shape that is adapted to each thickness of frame or lens in the pair of eyeglasses that is to receive the screen, so as to clip onto the frame of the eyeglasses by means of the cavity provided between the lateral rear portion and the projection of the fastener.
In the embodiment where said fastener is secured to the lens of the monocular screen by a pin-forming wire-like piece, i.e. when said fastener is in two portions, this also requires precise orifices to be machined to enable the orifices to be brought into alignment and to allow the pin-forming wire-like piece to be put into place, and this also gives rise to special difficulties associated with handling a pin of very small size.
When the pin is glued, an additional difficultly lies in selecting an adhesive that is compatible with the three possibly different materials of the fastener, of the screen lens, and of the pin itself; under such circumstances, an additional problem results from the small size of the surfaces to be stuck together, which surfaces are also very difficult of access; an additional difficulty and drawback also results from the embodiment in which the pin-forming wire-like piece is a force-fit in orifices provided in the fastener and in the lens of the monocular screen, given the very small dimensions of such orifices and of the pin; in addition, that document gives no details about the materials and the tools required to obtain such a force-fit.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,123,724 describes a method of manufacturing a binocular screen for eyeglasses.

Hook for removably securing a monocular screen to an eyeglass lens


To configure a system, models of corresponding components are provided, where the models contain constraints. The models specify that at least one of the components is composed of at least another one of the components. The models are input into a design tool. The design tool generates a configuration of the system that includes the components, wherein the generated configuration satisfies the constraints contained in the models.

A system (e.g., web server system, database system, storage server system, application server system, and so forth) is made up of various components, including hardware components and software components. Systems can be complex, with many inter-related components.
Depending on requirements (including user requirements, requirements specified by operators or administrators, and technical capabilities of components), there may be various possible design configurations of the various components, including hardware and software components, for a system. For example, a configuration of a particular system can be made up of several servers, software applications, and storage devices.
Of the many possible configurations for a particular system, some of the configurations may be invalid configurations. An invalid configuration refers to a combination of components that does not achieve target requirements. As systems have become more complex, creating or maintaining valid configurations has become more difficult. Maintaining a valid system configuration is a recurring task that depends on requirements that may change over time. As requirements change, a previously identified design configuration for the system may no longer be valid. Existing tools typically do not provide for efficient creation and/or maintenance of valid configurations of systems.

Generating a configuration of a system that satisfies constraints contained in models

Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.


An electronic device, a controlling method of a screen, and a program storage medium thereof are provided. The screen includes a display panel and a touch-sensitive panel. The display panel shows a root window on which all display contents are shown. The controlling method comprises the following steps. A command signal is received. The coordinate system of the screen is transformed with a transformation according to the command signal.

Accompanying advancements in technologies, various electronic devices are constantly progressing. For example, some handheld devices equipped with a screen including a display panel and a touch-sensitive panel can be used for dialing a phone call, connecting to the internet, or playing games.
The user can use a finger to click the display content shown on the screen. Nowadays, mostly the size of the screen may be 3.5 inch, 4.2 inch or 7 inch. If the size of the screen is bigger, then the screen can show more. However, the user cannot hold the handheld device and click the display content by only one hand while the size of the screen is too big. It is inconvenient that the user must hold the handheld device by one hand and click the screen by the other hand.

Electronic device, controlling method for screen, and program storage medium thereof

Industrial Technology Research Institute