Servo gas valve comprising a gas inlet connection, a servo gas connection, a bleed gas connection, a valve body, and first and second valve seats. When a first section of the valve body is pressed against the first valve seat, the gas inlet connection is closed and the servo gas connection and the bleed gas connection are in communication with each other. When a second section of the valve body is pressed against the second valve seat, the gas inlet connection is opened and is in communication with servo gas connection while the bleed gas connection and the servo gas connection are not in communication with each other. The first section of the valve body is configured to allow for self-alignment of the first section of the valve body relative to the first valve seat when the first section of the valve body is pressed against the first valve seat.

The product leaflet "CVI Integrated Gas Control Safety System, Honeywell B.V., EN4R-0724 9503 RO-NL" discloses a gas control device comprising a safety gas valve, a servo gas valve, a servo gas pressure regulator and a main gas valve. The servo gas valve is used to operate the main gas valve and is also often called an operator valve. The servo gas valve disclosed by the above product leaflet comprises a gas inlet connection, a servo gas connection, and a bleed gas connection. Said servo gas valve comprises further a valve body and first and second valve seats acting together with the valve body. In a first position of the valve body, when a first section of the valve body is pressed against the first valve seat, the gas inlet connection is closed and the servo gas connection and the bleed gas connection are in communication with each other. In a second position of the valve body, when a second section of the valve body is pressed against the second valve seat, the gas inlet connection is opened and is in communication with the servo gas connection while the bleed gas connection and the servo gas connection are not in communication with each other.
Said servo gas valve comprises further a valve stem and a separate valve plunger. The valve stem is carrying the valve body, wherein the valve stem is moveable in a linear direction to allow a movement of the valve body relative to the valve seats. A first spring acts on that valve stem. Said first spring presses the valve stem against the valve plunger and tends to lift up the first section of the valve body from the first valve seat.
The separate valve plunger acts together with an actuator provided by an operator coil and with a second spring. The second spring presses the valve plunger against the valve stem and tends to press the first section of the valve body against the first valve seat. The first spring and the second spring are construed in such a manner that when the actuator is deactivated or not energized, the first section of valve body is pressed against the first valve seat closing the gas inlet connection of the servo gas valve. However, when the actuator is activated or energized, the actuator moves the valve plunger in a linear direction against the spring force of second spring thereby allowing the valve body to open the gas inlet connection of the servo gas valve.
As mentioned above, in the prior art servo gas valve the valve stem and the valve plunger are separate elements each of them acting together with a spring. Facing ends of the valve stem and the valve plunger are pressed against each other by the springs providing a pivot between the facing ends of valve stem and valve plunger. This allows a self-alignment between the valve stem and the valve plunger to compensate any misalignments within the gas valve. This is of importance to securely close the gas inlet connection when the actuator is deactivated or not energized and when the valve body, namely the first section of the same, is pressed against the first valve seat.


A fan holder is used for securing a fan to a heat sink. The fan holder includes a cover mounting the fan thereon, and a base mounting the cover thereon. The cover includes a plurality of separate claws and at least one jut. The base includes a through hole receiving the claws of the cover therein, thereby rotatably mounting the cover onto the base, and at least one slot. The at least one slot has a first pit and a second pit at two ends thereof respectively. The at least one jut is slidable along the slot between the first pit and the second pit to have the cover rotatable between a first location and a second location.

1. Field
This invention is related to fan holders, and particularly to a fan holder corresponding to electronic components.
2. Prior Art
Electronic components such as central processing units (CPUs) frequently generate large amounts of heat during normal operation. Such heat can adversely affect the operational stability of the electronic components, therefore a heat sink is used to dissipate heat generated by the electronic component. A fan is often attached to the heat sink to provide forced air convection to the heat sink.
Conventionally, a heat sink is fastened on the electronic components via fasteners located at four corners of the heat sink. The dimension defined by the four corners of the heat sink is close to that of a frame of a fan mounted on the heat sink. As a result, the frame of the fan shields the space above the four corners for locating the fasteners. So that, assembly or disassembly of the heat sink is interfered.
What is needed therefore, is a fan holder for mounting a fan onto a heat sink without interference when assembling or disassembling the heat sink.

Fu Zhun Precision Industry (Shen Zhen) Co., Ltd.


A method of operating a mobile device includes determining a location of the mobile device, determining a local market area for the mobile device in response to the location. The method further includes broadcasting a local market signal for a first network in a first market and a second local market signal for the first network in a first market. The mobile device selects one of the first local market signal and the second local market signal in response to the local market for the mobile device.

Satellite television has become increasingly popular due to its wide variety of programming. Entertainment in automobiles such as DVD players has also become increasingly popular. It would be desirable to provide a satellite television system for a vehicle so that the wide variety of programming may be enjoyed by the rear passengers.
Federal regulations have specific boundaries that set forth where satellite systems rebroadcasted local channels are allowed to be displayed. A satellite system located within one boundary may only display video for all channels associated with that region. Current satellite systems do not include a means for determining a location. The determination of regions is complex. Some overlap, some do not intersect, some are direct adjacent.
It would therefore be desirable to provide a system that allows a mobile satellite system to comply with federal regulations for rebroadcasting local channels.

Method and apparatus for controlling handoffs in a mobile system


Non-aqueous carrier fluids containing nano-sized particles in high concentration are effective for zone isolation and flow control in water shutoff applications for subterranean formations. The nanoparticles interact with water and solidify it to inhibit its flow, but do not have the same effect on hydrocarbons and thus selectively assist the production of hydrocarbons while suppressing water. Suitable nanoparticles include alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, post-transition metal oxides, post-transition metal hydroxides, piezoelectric crystals, and/or pyroelectric crystals.

Certain subterranean oil producing wells are formed or completed in formations which contain both oil-producing zones and water-producing zones. Unwanted water production is a major problem in maximizing the hydrocarbon production potential of these wells. Tremendous costs may be incurred from separating and disposing of large amounts of produced water, inhibiting the corrosion of tubulars, replacing tubular equipment downhole, and surface equipment maintenance. Shutting off unwanted water production is a necessary condition to maintaining a productive field. While there is a wide array of treatments available to solve these problems, they all suffer from a number of difficulties, including, but not necessarily limited to, surface mixing and handling problems, etc.
For instance, traditional water shut-off technology with chemicals uses sodium silicate solutions and crosslinked polymers. The silicate solution is typically not compatible with formation waters, since sodium silicate reacts with calcium chloride instantly to generate gel. In this approach, the two solutions may be injected in any order and must be separated by a slug of an inert aqueous spacer liquid. U.S. Pat. No. 4,004,639 provides chemicals to achieve water shut-off in producing wells. It uses base fluid sodium silicate solution and gelling agent ammonium sulfate. Those two solutions are injected and separated by a slug of an inert aqueous spacer liquid. However, these technologies cannot generate uniform gels to plug the porous medium and cannot place the gel deep into the formation. Several staged treatments are also required in pumping the fluids using these techniques.
Crosslinked polymers have also been used to shut off or inhibit water flow. However, crosslinked polymer technology may need separate crosslinkers from the linear polymer fluid separated by a slug of an inert spacer in a form of multi-stage pumping. Crosslinked polymer technology may also use a delayed crosslinking method which may depend on the formation temperature and fluid traveling time in the formation as factors to delay the crosslinking.
Shallow water flow is a serious drilling hazard encountered in several deep water drilling situations including those in the Gulf of Mexico. A number of incidents have occurred in which strong shallow water flows have disrupted drilling operations and added millions of dollars to the cost of a well, or caused a well to be abandoned. It would be desirable if a method and/or composition could be employed to inhibit or prevent shallow water flow in these situations.
Further, improvements are always needed in controlling injection profiles for steam and thermal recovery operations, and to control water injection to improve sweep efficiency during secondary and tertiary recovery of hydrocarbons.
There remains a need to find a chemical system that will simplify the pumping schedule and permit deep penetration into the formation to shut off the water channels in an effective manner and keep oil flow channels open.

Using nanoparticles for water flow control in subterranean formations


A cargo parachute release apparatus comprising an assembly plate and a hinged member that is hinged to the assembly plate with a hinge pin. Parachute riser attachment components are positioned between the assembly plate and hinged member when the hinged member is in the closed position. An electronic package assembly having a microprocessor having predetermined parameters is provided, and the electronic package assembly has horizontal and vertical accelerometers and a strain gage for collecting data and sending the data to the microprocessor for processing. When the incoming data matches the predetermined parameters that indicate impact has been made, the microprocessor sends a firing signal to an electro-explosive device to detonate which causes the hinged member to open and release the parachute. The cargo is not dragged along the ground, tipped over or otherwise damaged.

Some military cargo planes are designed so that cargo can be dropped out of them while the plane is airborne. The cargo is secured on pallets and extracted from the plane. As the cargo falls, parachutes deploy to slow the descent. At some point after the cargo impacts land, the parachutes must detach, otherwise the parachutes could drag the cargo or tip the cargo over.
Therefore, mechanical devices are used to release the parachutes from the cargo. A significant problem exists with the current systems because they have an unacceptable success rate, because parachuted drops of cargo end up tipping over upon impact and roll on the ground, which can damage and/or ruin the cargo.
Thus, what is needed is a better apparatus for releasing parachutes from cargo.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Cargo parachute release apparatus, system and method


A direction-change element for changing the direction of travel of an incident electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving elements are disposed on a substrate. The direction-change element has a periodic array of materials of different refractive indexes arranged in parallel to the substrate surface. The electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving elements are positioned at opposite ends of the periodic array in the direction of its arrangement. The output ratio between the two electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving elements can be used to detect the incidence angle of the electromagnetic wave with high accuracy. By changing the relative intensity of electromagnetic waves to be sent from the two electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving elements, it is possible to achieve high-accuracy control of the angle of emittance of the electromagnetic wave to be sent from the device. Accordingly, the present invention offers a small, low-profile electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving device capable of detecting and radiating electromagnetic waves with high accuracy of their incidence and emittance angles.

The present invention relates generally to a device for transmitting and receiving light, radio wave or similar electromagnetic waves and, more particularly, to an electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving device that detects or radiates electromagnetic waves with a high degree of accuracy in their angle of incidence and emittance.
In an electromagnetic sensor or antenna it is an important problem to accurately control the direction of electromagnetic waves.
Conventionally, a dielectric lens is used to control the directivity of electromagnetic waves. A dielectric lens antenna using such a dielectric lens is described in Japanese Patent Application Kokai Publication No. 2000-174547 (published Jun. 23, 2000, hereinafter referred to as document 1). In the dielectric lens antenna disclosed in document 1 the dielectric constant of a dielectric member, which is disposed between the dielectric lens and the primary radiator to integrate them into a single structural member, is gradually reduced, for instance, toward radially outer side of the dielectric lens with a view to achieving high efficiency and sliming down of the antenna. On the other hand, in Japanese Patent No. 2768439 (issued Jun. 25, 1998, hereinafter referred to as document 2) there is set forth a method for detecting electromagnetic waves of low directivity over a wide angle range by a plurality of directional antennas placed in different directions.
The dielectric lens antenna disclosed in document 1 can be slimmed down as compared with those used in the past, but the bulkiness of the dielectric lens itself imposes limitations on the sliming down of the antenna structure, and the detection of the angle of electromagnetic waves generally calls for arrangement of a plurality of dielectric lenses; for these reasons, slimming down or miniaturization of the dielectric lens antenna is hard to realize.
With the structure using a plurality of directional antennas as set forth in document 2, enhancement of the accuracy of angle detection of electromagnetic waves requires arrangement of a large number of antennas, and hence miniaturization is difficult to achieve.

Electromagnetic wave transmitting/receiving device

Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Limited


A projection apparatus is configured to cooperate with a pointing device. An image input unit inputs an image signal from an external device. A projection unit projects, on a screen, an image on which coordinate information has been superimposed, according to the image signal input to the image input unit. A coordinate acquisition unit acquires, from the pointing device, a part of the coordinate information superimposed on the image projected by the projection unit. A correction unit corrects the coordinate information acquired by the coordinate acquisition unit. A transmission unit transmits the coordinate information corrected by the correction unit to the external device.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a projection apparatus, a projection method, and a storage medium having program stored thereon, suitable for a projector using a pointing device.
2. Description of the Related Art
The technique for enabling a virtual image to be drawn on a projection image or a projection image to be pointed at with a pointing device (or a special pointing pen) in a DLP (Digital Light Processing) (a registered trademark) projector has been put to practical use.
This type of pointing pen reads invisible coordinate information modulated and superimposed on a projection image and transmits its position information to a projector body wirelessly.
Having received the position information, the projector transmits the information to an external device that is supplying an image signal, for example, a personal computer (hereinafter, referred to as a PC), thereby performing necessary writing on an image output to be projected on an application of the PC.
In a case where processing is performed with a plurality at screens being opened in multitasking on the PC that supplies images in a projection environment using the pointing pen, when images are being projected by, for example, the PC transmitting an image signal of a secondary screen to the projector, the PC, having received position information on the pointing pen via the projector, might create, on a primary screen, not on the secondary screen, an image in which the position information on the pointing pen has been reflected.
FIG. 5 shows the aforementioned projection system.
In FIG. 5, numeral 1 indicates a projector and numeral 2 indicates a PC that supplies to the projector 1 an image to be projected.
The projector 1 and PC 2 are connected to each other with a VGA cable VC and a USB cable UC.
The PC 2 supplies an image signal to the projector 1 via the VGA cable VC. The projector 1 projects, on a screen, a projection image PI according to the image signal.
Numeral 3 indicates a dedicated pointing pen for the projector 1. The projector 1 and pointing pen 3 are connected wirelessly by, for example, Bluetooth (a registered trademark) technology.
A projection image PI projected by the projector 1 is formed such that position coordinate information a invisible to the naked eye has been superimposed on an original image.
The pointing pen 3 includes a light-receiving system and a demodulating circuit for the position coordinate signal, thereby pointing at an arbitrary position in the projection image PI, demodulating the position coordinate signal in the pointed-at position, and transmitting the demodulated signal as pointed-at coordinate information to the projector 1.
Having received the information, the projector 1 transmits the coordinate information to the PC 2.
FIG. 6 shows a primary screen and a secondary screen on an application run on the PC 2, respectively.
When the PC 2 has been supplying an image signal of the secondary screen to the projector 1 via the VGA cable VC, the PC 2, having received the pointed-at coordinate information from the projector 1 via the USB cable UC, superimposes an image of a pointer PT corresponding to the pointing on the primary screen, not on the secondary screen, as shown in FIG. 6.
Therefore, the image of the pointer PT has not been reflected in the image signal of the secondary screen transmitted by the PC 2 to the projector 1, with the result that the pointer PT is not projected on the projection image PI.

Projection apparatus,method, and program for a projector projecting plural screen sections one screen section at a time


A device for applying a coating material to an optical fiber (1) has a coating nozzle (7) arranged in a nozzle holder (3) and a coating chamber (17) located before the coating nozzle (7) in the direction of travel of the optical fiber (1). Beyond that the device has at least one inlet channel (19) which is connected to the coating chamber (17), as well as a number of feed lines (23) for different coating materials. A connection can be established between one of the feed lines (23) and the at least one inlet channel (19), so that a change of coating material can be made in a simple manner, particularly a color change, without costly conversion and cleaning operations.

1. Technical Field
The invention concerns a device for applying a coating material to an optical fiber with a nozzle holder, a coating nozzle arranged inside the nozzle holder, a coating chamber located before the coating nozzle in the direction of travel of the fiber, and at least one inlet channel for a coating material, which is connected to the coating chamber.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Such a device for applying a coating material is used to manufacture an optical glass fiber for telecommunications, which is drawn from a glass preform. Guiding the glass fiber over pulleys requires providing the glass fiber with a coating in order to protect it against damage from unacceptably high mechanical stresses. To that end, the optical glass fiber is coated with one or several layers, for example of a polymer material, where these have regular mechanical differences when several layers are applied. As a rule, the outer layer of the coating on the optical fiber is also used to identify the optical fiber in order to be able to identify individual fibers from a multitude of fibers.
It is therefore customary to use twelve or more differently colored coating materials in devices for applying coating material to optical fibers. Since the known coating devices only have one feed line for the coating material to be applied to the optical fibers, a change of color requires changing the storage container with the supply line to the device, as well as a complete cleaning of the coating device. To avoid correspondingly long idle and change-over times of the coating device, it is possible to arrange two or more identical devices for applying differently colored coating materials in a line, where each of these devices is used to apply just one color. However, such an arrangement occupies a large space in the production line. Furthermore, the additional devices for applying coating material find very little use. If the production line is changed over to coating materials of other colors, it is associated with a sizable effort.

Device for applying a coating material to an optical fiber


An exemplary system includes 1) a mobile computing device provided by a vertical solution provider for use by a customer of an industry service provider to access one or more services provided by the industry service provider and 2) a mobile media platform provider subsystem operated by the vertical solution provider and configured to communicate with the mobile computing device. The mobile media platform provider subsystem and the mobile computing device are configured to provide a mobile media platform managed by the vertical solution provider and configured to facilitate the use of the mobile computing device by the customer to access the one or more services provided by the industry service provider.

As computing technologies have advanced, mobile computing devices such as tablet computers, smartphones, media player devices, and gaming devices have become commonplace in modern society. A user of a mobile computing device is typically able to use the device to access digital content by way of a media platform associated with the device.
Conventional mobile media platforms are typically suitable for common everyday uses of mobile computing devices but not for other specific applications of mobile computing devices. For example, consumer-grade mobile media platforms may lack sufficient security for certain applications. To illustrate, although certain providers of valuable information (e.g., business proprietary and/or critical information) may want to provide select people with mobile access to the information, the providers may choose not to allow the information to be distributed or accessed by way of conventional mobile media platforms. Such decisions may be based, at least in part, on a lack of control over conventional mobile media platforms, insufficient security of conventional mobile media platforms, and/or the level of technological and/or capital commitment that would be required of the providers in order to provide mobile access to the information in a sufficiently controlled and/or secure manner.

Managed mobile media platform systems and methods


Provided is a method for manufacturing an iron golf club head by forging a single round rod member with a pair of dies to form, as a single piece, a body and a neck into which a shaft is to be inserted. The method includes: a first step of heating the single round rod member into a heated material; a second step of placing the heated material in the pair of dies; and a third step of forging the heated material placed in the pair of dies. In the third step, the heated material is prevented from flowing out from parting surfaces of the respective dies at a sole side of the body in the pair of dies, and the heated material blocked at the sole side in the pair of dies flows toward each of a toe of the body and the neck in the pair of dies.

A known conventional iron golf club head manufactured by forging is molded so as to include grain flows extending continuously in the direction from the neck toward the toe of the face of the head. For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2009-261908 (PTL 1) discloses an iron golf club head having grain flows extending continuously from the neck to the toe. The grain flows are distributed evenly within the face so as to provide improved feel.

Method for manufacturing iron golf club head, iron golf club head, and iron golf club


A module has an IC for communication control (a PHY unit) and an EEPROM (or MCU) connected to the PHY unit via an I2C bus. When a software reset is triggered while the PHY unit reads non-volatile register (NVR) data from the EEPROM (or MCU) via the I2C bus, the module causes an I2C interface circuit of the PHY unit to forcedly toggle and send a clock signal to the EEPROM (or MCU) via the I2C bus to make the EEPROM (or MCU) recognize that interrupted communications via the I2C bus are pseudo completed.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an I2C bus controlling method. More particularly, it relates to an I2C bus controlling method for use in modules for optical communications.
2. Description of Related Art
There have been provided, as serial buses for use in optical communication modules, a management data input/output bus (referred to as an MDIO bus from here on) and an inter integrated circuit bus (referred to as an I2C bus from here on). An IC for communication control (referred to as a PHY unit from here on), which can be disposed in optical communication modules, is provided with a non-volatile register (referred to as an NVR register from here on), a register for digital optical monitoring (referred to as a DOM register from here on), and a register for MDIO. While the PHY unit is connected, via an MDIO bus, to a host that controls the PHY unit, it is also connected, via an I2C bus, to a nonvolatile external storage (referred to as an EEPROM from here on), such as an EEPROM, a flash memory, an IC (referred to as an MCU from here on) having an operation function and peripheral functions, or the like.
Conventionally, as an initializing method for use with optical communication modules (referred to as modules from here on), there are two types of RESET: hardware RESET (referred to as HW-RESET from here on) of initializing the PHY unit by sending a RESET signal to each IC of the PHY unit, and software RESET (referred to as SW-RESET from here on) of initializing the PHY unit in response to a RESET command from the host.
When starting the module, the host outputs an HW-RESET signal to the module so as to reset the PHY unit. The PHY unit reads NVR data required for initial setting (referred to as NVR data from here on) from the EEPROM (or MCU) via the I2C bus after being started. The Host needs to carry out SW-RESET by sending a RESET command to the module after carrying out HW-RESET. As a result, the PHY unit is reset again, and the supply of a serial clock signal (referred to an SCL signal from here on) via the I2C bus is stopped.
Communications via the I2C bus are carried out in synchronization with the SCL signal. A serial data signal (referred to as an SDA signal from here on) is also synchronized with the SCL signal. To be more specific, when the SCL signal has a low level, the SDA signal changes, whereas when the SCL signal has a high level, the SDA signal does not change.
When SW-RESET occurs while data at a corresponding address from the EEPROM (or MCU) are piggybacked onto the SDA signal and the data are outputted via the I2C bus, the supply of the SCL signal from the PHY unit via the I2C bus is stopped with the SCL signal being at a high state according to the I2C bus standards, and therefore the SDA signal does not change, either. Although the PHY unit generates an internal signal for resetting itself when SW-RESET is started, the internal signal cannot be applied to the EEPROM (or MCU). As a result, the EEPROM (or MCU) stops while being in a state in which it is using the I2C bus.
There has been provided a common equipment protection circuit having a monitoring circuit for generating an initialization completion signal at the time of completion of initialization of two or more pieces of common equipment which are connected to a system bus, the initialization being carried out at the time of reset of a system, and a processor module locking circuit for generating a signal for disabling a processor module group connected to the above-mentioned system bus to access the system bus when a main power supply is switched on, and for generating a signal for enabling the processor module group to access the system bus, although the common equipment protection circuit is not related to I2C buses (refer to, for example, patent reference 1).
[Patent Reference 1] JP, 62-150414, A
A problem with the related art I2C bus controlling method which is executed as mentioned above is that if above-mentioned SW-RESET occurs when the PHY unit is reading NVR data from the EEPROM (or MCU) mounted in the module, using the I2C bus or the like at the time of startup of the system, the EEPROM (or MCU) stops while it is in the middle of carrying out communications via the I2C bus and falls into an inoperative (i.e., hangup) state, and it becomes impossible to release this state.
While the disclosure of patent reference 1 is mainly related to the occurrence of HW-RESET, I2C buses differs from conventional buses in many ways, such as in that two or more pieces of equipment are connected to one another by using an SCL signal and an SDA signal so that they can exchange data with one another, a communications partner is specified using the SCL signal, and a multi-master function is provided. Therefore, patent reference 1 cannot be applied to I2C buses.


A distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum plant named xe2x80x98Sharpxe2x80x99, characterized by its quilled decorative-type inflorescences that are about 5.1 cm in diameter; attractive white-colored inflorescences with green centers; response time about 58 days; freely flowering habit; dark green foliage; and excellent postproduction longevity with inflorescences maintaining good substance and color for about three weeks in an interior environment.

The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum plant, botanically known as Chrysanthemumxc3x97morifolium and hereinafter referred to by the name xe2x80x98Sharpxe2x80x99.
The new Chrysanthemum is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the Inventor in Salinas, Calif. and Alva, Fla. The objective of the breeding program is to create new cut Chrysanthemum cultivars having inflorescences with desirable colors and good form and substance.
The new Chrysanthemum originated from a cross made by the Inventor in November, 1997, in Salinas, Calif., of a proprietary Chrysanthemum seedling selection identified as code number E917, not patented, as the female, or seed, parent with a proprietary Chrysanthemum seedling selection identified as E789, not patented, as the male, or pollen, parent.
The cultivar Sharp was discovered and selected by the Inventor as a flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in a controlled environment in Alva, Fla., in November, 1998. The selection of this plant was based on its desirable inflorescence color and good form and substance.
Asexual reproduction of the new Chrysanthemum by terminal cuttings taken in a controlled environment in Alva, Fla. since February, 1999, has shown that the unique features of this new Chrysanthemum are stable and reproduced true to type in successive generations.
Plants of the cultivar Sharp have not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in environment such as temperature, daylength and light intensity, without, however, any variance in genotype.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of xe2x80x98Sharpxe2x80x99. These characteristics in combination distinguish xe2x80x98Sharpxe2x80x99 as a new and distinct cultivar:
1. Upright cut Chrysanthemum that is usually grown as a natural spray.
2. Freely flowering habit, about 11 inflorescences per flowering stem.
3. Quilled decorative-type inflorescences that are about 5.1 cm. in diameter.
4. Attractive white-colored inflorescences with green centers.
5. Response time about 58 days.
6. Dark green foliage.
7. Excellent postproduction longevity with inflorescences maintaining good substance and color for about three weeks in an interior environment.
Compared to plants of the female parent, the seedling selection identified as code number E917, plants of the new Chrysanthemum have smaller inflorescences. In addition, plants of the new Chrysanthemum and the female parent differ in ray floret color as plants of the female parent have white-colored inflorescences with light pink centers.
Plants of the male parent, the seedling selection identified as code number E789, and the new Chrysanthemum differ primarily in inflorescence color as inflorescences of the male parent are cream-white with less intense green-colored centers.


A microprocessor commonly receives at an A/D port the potentials of the power supplies output from a plurality of types of power supplies (a power supply for HDMI, a power supply for LSI, a power supply for an audio driver IC, and a power supply for a tuner). The A/D port receives the potential of the voltage on an output line of the power supply for HDMI that is divided. If that the potential of the divided voltage is lower than a set potential is detected, the output line is interrupted to interrupt power supply voltage supplied to external equipment.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to power supply control apparatuses and particularly to power supply control apparatus having a function supplying power supply voltage to equipment cabled thereto.
2. Description of the Background Art
Generally in audio and video systems a video signal output device (e.g., an optical disc reproduction device) outputting a video signal and a display or a similar video image display device (e.g., a television (TV) receiver) are connected with a cable. If the cable transmits a signal having an inappropriate magnitude in voltage or passes a current having an inappropriate magnitude, the device may fail. Accordingly in such systems such problem must be prevented.
For example Japanese Patent Laying-open No. 2004-234540 describes that a power supply voltage that is supplied to equipment is divided by a resistor and then input to an analog/digital (A/D) port and measured and in accordance with the measurement result a current to be supplied to a load is controlled with an electronic switch (a field effect transistor: FET).
Furthermore, Japanese Patent Laying-open No. 05-215792 indicates a battery voltage detection circuit. When the battery voltage detection circuit detects that a battery's voltage divided by a resistor has a value indicating a level below a preset threshold voltage of an analog port, a light emitting diode is turned on to issue an alarm.
In recent years a High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) specification has been proposed as a specification of an interface for interconnecting video equipment, and products having an interface function in conformity with the HDMI specification are being introduced into the market. The HDMI specification is a digital video interface (DVI) serving as a standard specification for connecting a personal computer and a display together, plus a function based on the DVI for accommodating household electrical appliance.
The HDMI specification, item 4.2.7 defines that any source equipment (equipment outputting a video signal, e.g., an optical disc reproduction device) be capable of supplying a current of at least 55 mA from a power supply pin serving to supply a direct current (DC) power supply voltage of +5 V and that a supply voltage in doing so be maintained in a range of 4.8 V to 5.3 V. Furthermore, the same item defines that if a current of at least 0.5 A flows, overcurrent protection be required.
However, neither Japanese Patent Laying-open No. 2004-234540 nor 05-215792 specifically discloses a method for preventing an overcurrent flowing through a cable for information equipment including video equipment.

Power supply control apparatus having a function supplying power supply voltage


A lithography method for a pattern to be etched on a support, notably to a method using electron radiation with direct writing on the support. Hitherto, the methods for correcting the proximity effects for dense network geometries (line spacings of 10 to 30 nm) have been reflected in a significant increase in the radiated doses and therefore in the exposure time. According to the invention, the patterns to be etched are modified as a function of the energy latitude of the process, which allows a reduction of the radiated doses.

In order to enable patterns whose critical dimension is less than 50 nm to be etched, methods for correcting increasingly complex optical distortions must be incorporated in the optical photolithography methods both at the stage of the design and production of the masks and at the stage of exposure. The costs of the equipment and of the developments for a new generation of technology increase accordingly in very high proportions. These days, the critical dimensions that can be accessed in photolithography are greater than or equal to 65 nm. The 32-45 nm generation is currently being developed and there is no viable solution envisaged for the technology nodes of less than 22 nm. For its part, electronic lithography now makes it possible to etch 22 nm patterns; it does not require any mask and offers a fairly short development time, which allows for a better responsiveness and flexibility in the production of improvements to the technologies and to the designs. On the other hand, the production times are structurally substantially higher than in photolithography since a stepped exposure (using a "stepper") is required, whereas photolithography requires only a layered exposure. Furthermore, in electronic lithography as in photolithography, proximity effects occur, notably between adjacent lines of a pattern which are separated by only 10 to 30 nm. To guarantee the fidelity of the design, it is therefore necessary to correct these proximity effects. The methods of the prior art, notably those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,107,207, produce these corrections by increasing the radiation doses at the line edge. This increase in dose is reflected in a new increase in the exposure times, which constitutes a very significant handicap to the widespread industrial use of this technology.

Lithography method with combined optimization of radiated energy and design geometry

Commissariat A L'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives


When a mobile communications terminal receives message data, operations by a message data processing section that processes message data are prohibited. Operations by the message data processing section may be prohibited simply when message data is received by the mobile communications terminal, or operations by the message data processing section may be prohibited when specific information, such as information including certain characters, time, sender address and the like, included in the message data matches preset information. Thus, there can be provided a message data processing method for a mobile communications terminal in which even if a user is away from the mobile communications terminal, the viewing of the contents of message data by others can be prevented, and in which security functions are enhanced so that others cannot view the contents of message data that is sent to the mobile communications terminal at times not expected by the user.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a message data processing method for a mobile communications terminal, to a mobile communications terminal, and a message data processing program for a mobile communications terminal. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technology for enhancing security by preventing others from viewing the contents of message data.
2. Description of Related Art
Mobile telephones can be carried around with ease, and allow not only phone calls, but also the exchange of message data as in e-mail, and hence have become very popular in recent years. However, since they can be carried around and used easily, thereby leading to possibly having information read therefrom by others.
As such, in order to prevent the contents of received message data from being read by others, mobile telephones are equipped with such functions where user operation is rejected and each function is locked and its use prohibited. In the present specification, this will be referred to as dial lock function. The dial lock function is activated when a user operates the mobile telephone in a specific manner, or by repeatedly receiving a call from a designated number.
This dial lock function can only be activated when the user intends for it to be activated. However, since e-mails in mobile telephones are distributed in a push-fashion from a server, information is added to mobile telephones at times unexpected by the user. Therefore, if a mobile telephone is left on a desk without having the dial lock function activated, some other person may read the newly received e-mail. In other words, because e-mails often arrive at unexpected times, it is difficult for the user to activate the dial lock function effectively.
In addition, in Japanese Patent Application Publication 2001-339509 (pages 6 and 7, and FIGS. 1 through 3), there is disclosed a mobile communications terminal apparatus having a key lock function for rejecting key operations. In this mobile communications terminal apparatus, when a text message is received in a state where the key lock function is activated, the key lock function is automatically deactivated, and then, if no key operations are subsequently performed, or if the apparatus is left in standby mode for a predetermined period of time, the lock is reactivated.
However, in this mobile communications terminal apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication 2001-339509, because the key lock is deactivated when a text message is received, it is possible for other people to read the contents of the message. In addition, although this mobile communications terminal apparatus is designed so that the lock is reactivated if no key operations are performed, or if the apparatus is left in standby mode for a predetermined period of time, other people may still be able to read the contents of the message before the lock is reactivated. Thus, mobile telephones in the past have not necessarily been able to ensure adequate security.

Message data processing method for a mobile communications terminal, mobile communications terminal, and message data processing program for a mobile communications terminal

Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Japan, Inc.


An earthmoving scraping device including a bowl-shaped frame having a front end, a back end, and opposing first and second side walls extending upwardly from a floor. The first side wall, the second side wall, and the floor define an interior of the frame for transporting material over a surface. A mechanism is configured for adjusting the frame to change the height of the frame relative to the surface. A push block is mounted adjacent the back end of the frame and includes a bumper. A linkage system pivotally connects the push block to the back end of the frame and is configured to maintain a consistent height of the push block from the surface when the mechanism adjusts the frame to change the height of the frame relative to the surface.

The present invention generally relate to a push block, a scraping device and a method for collecting a material. The push block may be attached to an earthmoving scraping device and may allow the push block to maintain a clearance from the ground. The push block may have a bumper that transmits force to a frame of an attached scraping device. As a result, the push block may provide a mechanism that allows a scraping device to receive force from contact by an additional vehicle despite variations in ground clearance of the scraping device.
Earthmoving generally involves breaking apart soil of a construction area. The soil may be used in the existing project and/or hauled to a remote site. Like other construction projects, highway construction often requires breaking apart the soil of the construction area. The soil must be broken apart and removed before paving of a roadway. An area must be pre-treated to create a surface that is suitable for paving. If the area to be paved has soil, the soil may be broken prior to compaction or other processes. The soil may also be collected and moved to a different location.
Highways allow goods to be transported and provide economic stimulus to areas through which cars, trucks and other vehicles travel. Given such importance, building roads and maintaining existing ones are undertaken by national governments and/or local municipalities.
Removal of earth materials is performed by several different machines. The use of specific machinery is determined by the type of project. Several factors to be considered are the type of material to be removed, the distance the material is to be transported and/or the plans for the use of the material. Choosing the machine factors significantly into the costs of the project. Using the wrong equipment for a project results in delays that lead to significant expenditure of labor and/or money. As a result, the process of removing earth materials may result in an economic burden to the cost of the project. Therefore, construction projects require use of the proper equipment as well as efficient and successful performance of the equipment.
Typically, earthmoving equipment, such as scrapers, may carry large volumes of materials. The scrapers may be towed or self-propelled. One such scraper has a frame shaped like a bowl and a lip that serves as a wall to prevent soil or other materials from leaving the frame. To aid in removal and containment of materials, the lip may be attached to a cylinder which raises or lowers the lip. A blade is attached near the bottom of the frame and below the lip. As the scraper is moved across an area of soil to be broken apart, the blade of the scraper may press into the area of the soil, and the soil may be collected within the frame. The lip may prevent the material from exiting the frame during transport of the frame to another area. After the frame is transported to a desired location, the collected material may be deposited by lowering the lip to provide an open area to allow removal of the material from the scraper.
Many different types of scrapers are known, such as pull-scrapers, motor scrapers, twin-engine scrapers, paddle wheel scrapers, and auger scrapers. Transportation of the loads of these scrapers has always been subject to delays because travel of construction machines along unpaved roads may form road irregularities. The road irregularities, such as sunken tracks or grooves in the road, may cause scrapers to get stuck in the channels. It may be difficult to remove the heavy, material-filled scrapers after the same become stuck. A stuck scraper may cause efficiency problems because the project is delayed, and construction ceases until the scraper is unloaded and freed. Further delay may be incurred because many models have rudimentary push block systems that impede efficient removal of a stuck scraper. The rudimentary push block systems have an altered height of the bumper as a result of the scraping device being in a hole or on a bump, and thus, a height of the push block may not allow the other vehicle to push upon the push block. Therefore, continued scraper operation determines productivity of the scraping device. A stuck scraper that is not freed from the road irregularity that impedes travel may slow down the progress of any project, may cease progress of the project and/or may increase the likelihood of cost overruns.
Additionally, the rudimentary push block systems are fixedly attached to the frame of the scraping device so that raising or lowering of the frame to adjust ground clearance of the device also raises or lowers the bumper. Raising or lowering of the bumper may preclude an additional vehicle from contacting the bumper to exert force upon the scraping device. Therefore, scraping that requires additional force is hindered by the height of the bumper preventing contact by the additional vehicle.
A need, therefore, exists for a push block, a scraping device and a method for collecting a material that allow earthmoving equipment to function in a reliable and/or efficient manner in collection and/or removal of materials.


A turbine engine case includes a first panel, a second panel and a support hanger. The second panel defines an aperture. The support hanger includes a strut that is connected to the first panel, and a base that is pivotally connected to the strut. The base includes a pivot member that is pivotally engaged with the second panel. The base extends away from the strut and through the aperture to the pivot member.

1. Technical Field
This disclosure relates generally to a turbine engine and, more particularly, to a support hanger for flexibly connecting, for example, an exhaust liner and an exhaust duct.
2. Background Information
A turbine engine may include a fan section, compressor section, a combustor section, a turbine section, an augmentor section and an exhaust section, which are sequentially arranged between an airflow inlet and an airflow exhaust. The exhaust section may include a tubular exhaust liner arranged within and connected to a tubular exhaust duct. An exhaust gas path extends axially through the exhaust section, adjacent to a radial inner side of the exhaust liner. An annular cooling gas path also extends axially through the exhaust section, between a radial outer side of the exhaust liner and a radial inner side of the exhaust duct.
Exhaust gas directed through the exhaust gas path may have a significantly higher temperature than that of cooling gas directed through the cooling gas path. These gases may also have different pressures. The exhaust liner and the exhaust duct therefore may be subject to different temperature and/or pressure gradients during turbine engine operation. These different temperature and pressure gradients may cause the exhaust liner and the exhaust duct to move (e.g., deflect, expand, contract or shift) relative to one another.
There is a need for a support hanger that connects a plurality of turbine engine panels together, while also accommodating movement therebetween.

Support hanger for flexibly connecting a plurality of panels


An optical antenna collects, modifies and emits energy at light wavelengths. Linear conductors sized to correspond to the light wavelengths are used. Nonlinear junctions of small dimension are used to rectify an alternating waveform induced upon the conductors by the lightwave electromagnetic energy. The optical antenna and junctions are effective to produce harmonic energy at light wavelengths. The linear conductors may be comprised of carbon nanotubes that are attached to a substrate material, which may then be connected to an electrical port.

Optical materials employing microstructures that exhibit the property of birefringence are commonly used to generate harmonic energy around light wavelengths. These materials are useful for frequency doubling, tripling or multiplying one or more fundamental inputs. Layered crystal structures are known to exhibit practical nonlinear transmission of light energy that usually result in harmonic generation with efficiencies that are generally low. Attempts have been made to optimize the harmonic generating efficiency of various materials by orienting molecules sandwiched between substrate materials. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,589,235, an applied magnetic field is used to pre-align molecules, and then a source of radiation is used to cross-link the molecules so that they maintain their position after the magnetic field is removed. In another attempt to fabricate a device that exhibits high harmonic generating efficiency, U.S. Pat. No. 5,380,410 describes a method by which periodic electrodes may be fabricated to provide inversion regions that improve the efficiency of a ferroelectric material which exhibits an intrinsic nonlinear optical property. The fabrication of a nonlinear optical region or layer on a material that generally has inherently linear characteristics is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,157,674 which teaches a process by which a charge transfer dopant is introduced to produce a semiconducting region on a bulk glass or microcrystalline substrate.
One apparent drawback to these approaches is wavelength-dependent attenuation. This attenuation occurs when lightwave energy propagates through lossy materials, resulting in attenuation. In general, both polymer and glass substrate materials exhibit high attenuation through absorption in the near UV and UV regions. Microcrystalline materials that utilize birefringence generally must have sufficient light path propagation length to produce sufficient phase changes for significant harmonic generation. Longer path lengths usually result in even greater attenuation.
Researchers have had to resort to modification of bulk materials or orientation of molecules in a solution or matrix to produce structures that exhibit optical nonlinearity, and usable harmonic generation. These researchers have not been able to successfully utilize practices that are now common in the electromagnetic radio electronics fields, even though light waves are merely electromagnetic waves of short wavelengths, primarily because techniques and materials for the fabrication of practical electromagnetically responsive elements in the small sizes necessary for efficient use at light wavelengths in the ranges of 10,000 nanometers and shorter are not available. Optical crystal materials and composite materials, due to their structure, make it difficult to optimize the orientation of individual electromagnetically responsive elements.
An important aspect of successful fabrication and use of radio frequency nonlinear harmonic generating materials is the ability to control the orientation and sizes of those elements with respect to various electromagnetic fields. This is possible since radio frequency waves, and even microwaves, are relatively long. Developers of nonlinear, harmonic-producing devices for radio wave applications have been able to successfully fabricate numerous circuits, cavities, transmission lines, junctions and other structures scaled to radio wavelengths. This practice has been extended over time to include VHF, UHF, microwave and so-called millimeter wave regimes, and has included discrete components, transmission lines and antenna systems that have been scaled down to operate optimally at ever-higher frequencies.
Designers have also been able to fabricate nonlinear junctions that are small with respect to the wavelengths involved. These junctions are capable of rectification, mixing, detection and amplification over a portion of the full cycle of the alternating current, electromagnetic wave energy, and include conventional diodes, Shottky diodes, tunnel diodes, transistors, field effect transistors, bipolar transistors including discrete components and mass array fabricated devices such as integrated circuits and linear and two-dimensional arrays.
It would be logical to extend this practice into infrared, lightwave and ultraviolet regimes if the materials, designs, and techniques needed to accomplish these developments could be understood and executed. Work toward this goal is proceeding today with limited success. It has been suggested that carbon nanotubes, also known as C60 or fullerene structures, could be used as part of such electronic devices that would operate efficiently in the optical domain. Researchers have had limited success with films of C60 that have appeared to have properties that are both electronic and optical, and initial attempts at producing components have been made using layered, deposited and more-or-less random length coatings of this and other polymeric conductive materials, but efficiencies, though improved, are still not optimized, and design criteria for practical devices are still not developed.
It would be desirable if junctions, elements and conductors could be fabricated that operate in the regime of light wavelengths in a way that made them efficient, repeatable and manufacturable. It would be desirable if these junctions, elements or conductors were configurable to provide efficient nonlinear transfer characteristics that could be used for generating harmonics, mixing, modulation, frequency multiplication, and amplification of lightwave signals in addition to more linear antenna-like properties such as resonance, charge storage and reradiation of electromagnetic field energy. Many useful applications would be found for the successful highly efficient nonlinear optical material, device or technique that could convert infrared energy to visible lightwave energy and to ultraviolet lightwave energy in an efficient manner. It would be particularly desirable if the devices could be produced quickly and inexpensively, and if their characteristics could be controlled effectively using known manufacturing process control techniques.

Optical antenna array for harmonic generation, mixing and signal amplification


An electronic lock module consisting of a series of electronic buttons used for entering a lock combination; LEDs for monitoring the status; a piezo-buzzer to provide audio feedback; a microcontroller circuit to process the input; a locking mechanism in the form of a combination cam and latching solenoid to actuate the mechanical interface which actually unlocks the lock; other components such as battery power and miscellaneous hardware round up the main parts. By pressing the buttons in a certain sequence, a code is sent to the microcontroller circuit which interprets it as valid or not in order to trigger or not the unlocking process. The mechanical interface is designed to be compatible with the ILCO mechanical locks so as to replace their current mechanical locking means. Of course, this present invention can be combined with newly created mechanical components so that this present invention can be used both as a retrofit or as a complete standalone lock.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to locking mechanisms but more particularly to a retrofit kit that can convert a mechanical lock into an electromechnical lock actuated through an electronic keypad.
2. Background
Mechanical locks have been around for a long time and in recent decades electronic locks have begun to replace rather primitive mechanical locks and offer several advantages over mechanical locks such as better access control by providing multiple access codes as well as dedicated time zones. Consequently electronic locks have already started to replace those mechanical locks but they are still quite expensive. For instance, an enterprise that wishes to replace its mechanical locks to offer better security is expected to spend thousands of dollars in new hardware, locksmith's fees and so on. To make matters worst, these new electronic lock casings are incompatible with the old mechanical lock's mounting holes arrangement so that new holes must be drilled into the door which increases replacement time, difficulties and frustrations. Furthermore, different case outlines and sizes sometime also require to repaint doors so as to mask the previous lock footprint.
There is therefore a need for a more practical way of replacing mechanical locks with electronic locks.


The present invention relates to a device and a method for determining the position of an instrument with respect to medical images of a body. The device comprises (1) a calibration support comprising a set of fiducial markers visible on medical images and fixed to the skin of a body, (2) at least one micro-camera providing video images and mounted on the calibration support in a known position, and (3) a processing unit connected to the micro-cameras and configured to process the video images from said micro-cameras to determine the position of the instrument with respect to medical images.

Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a device and a method for determining the position of an instrument in relation to medical images.
Description of Related Art
Navigation systems are commonly tracking instrument position and orientation with respect to medical images of a body. Conventional tracking devices are made of optical devices, magnetic devices, ultrasonic devices, inclinometers, and accelerometers, radio-frequency measurement devices, used independently or in combination. In optical systems, tracking the position of an instrument is usually achieved by placing emitters or reflectors on both the instrument and on the body reference and observing the scene with two or three cameras. The most widely used system is the Polaris device manufactured by the company Northern Digital Inc; (Waterloo, Ontario, Canada). Existing optical localization devices are expensive and cumbersome, or not accurate enough.
Magnetic localization devices such as Aurora from the company Northern Digital Inc. (Waterloo, Ontario Canada) are compact but they are expensive; in addition, they require special care in environments with the presence of metallic objects such as the examination table or magnetic objects that constitute the core of magnetic resonance imaging devices, which may lead to inaccurate measurements.
Coming back to optical systems, video images can be used to detect the position and orientations of different types of objects, using one camera, or two cameras in stereoscopic systems, or even multiple cameras to add accuracy and robustness to measurements. In particular, in U.S. Pat. No. 7,876,942 from Gilboa, one or several micro-cameras are rigidly fixed to a needle wherein the micro-cameras observe at the same time the needle and a calibration target that is used as a reference phantom mounted on a body, said reference phantom being visible on medical images of the body. But this device requires equipping a needle with cameras which adds weight to the needle and that operators do not appreciate. In addition, if a micro-camera is mounted on a needle, the positions of the fingers and hands must be such to avoid the occlusions of the reference phantom, which adds complexity instead of providing a simple assistance to the operator. This is not a fluid process.
There is therefore a need for a method and device that can track the position of an instrument with respect to medical images of a body that is very easy to use with low constraints and that can be used in environments with metallic or magnetic objects.
Algorithms to detect and locate in three dimensions an object made of points and lines, or objects with a known geometry, or hands and fingers, from one or several video images have been developed for many years in the literature of computer vision and many variations exist. This is often referred to as stereoscopic measurements and detection although three or more cameras can be used instead of two. The theory of computer vision with only one camera is also well known and falls in the category of stereoscopy. One can refer for example to the basic principles exposed in "D. P. Huttenlocher and S. Ullman. Recognizing Solid Objects by Alignment with an Image. International Journal of Computer Vision, 5(2):195-212, 1990" or in "G. Borgefors. Hierarchical Chamfer Matching: A Parametric Edge Matching Algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 10(6):849-865, 1988" or in "S. Lavallée and R. Szeliski. Recovering the position and orientation of free-form objects from image contours using 3-D distance maps. IEEE PAMI (Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence), 17(4):378-390, 1995" or in the textbook "R. Szeliski. Computer Vision: Algorithms and Applications, Springer, Texts in Computer Science, 2011". Several standard packages are also available for using common computer vision algorithms such as for instance "The Machine Vision Toolbox" which is available on the web site http://www.ict.csiro.au/downloads.
For example, a package for automatic calibration of video cameras using calibration grids is available on: http://www.vision.caltech.edu/bouqueti/calib doc/htmls/example.html or also in http://www.vision.ee.ethz.ch/software/calibration toolbox//calibration toolbox.php. However, those algorithms provide basic tools and components that any system in computer vision uses commonly, but they fail to provide a solution to the specific problem mentioned above.

Device and method for determining the position of an instrument in relation to medical images


Embodiments include a compact compound bow. In various embodiments, the compact compound bow includes a first riser plate and a second riser plate. The bow can further include a first limb and a second limb, the first limb and second limb can be coupled to the first riser plate and the second riser plate. The bow can further include a re-locatable handle configured to be coupled to at least one of the first riser plate or the second riser plate in a first position and coupled to at least one of the first riser plate or the second riser plate in a second position. The re-locatable handle can be rotated 180 degrees from the first position to the second position. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Archery bows have been in existence in many forms for thousands of years. Many ancient civilizations had a variety of bows that gave the bow unique features and more power. In recent years, compound bows also had many improvements to increase power, improve efficiency, balance, improve accuracy, and decrease the shock that the weapon produces during and after the shot. Many archers enjoy bow hunting, will carry their bows for extensive distances and would prefer to carry their bows on or within backpacks. Compact compound bows provide advantages for these archers.
Most modern compound bows are designed to fit either a left or right handed archer and must be unique for each. Accordingly, there is also a need for an ambidextrous bow.


The invention relates to a process for preparing alkyl dihaloacetoacetates of the formula (I) by reacting α,α-dihaloamines of the formula (III) with acetic esters of the formula (II) in the presence of bases.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a process for preparing alkyl dihaloacetoacetates of the formula (I) by reacting α,α-dihaloamines of the formula (III) with carboxylic esters of the formula (II) in the presence of bases.
2. Description of Related Art
Alkyl difluoroacetoacetates are important synthesis units for preparing active agrochemical ingredients, especially for preparing pyrazolylcarboxanilides.
Tetrahedron 2001, 57, 2689-2700 discloses that 4,4-difluoroacetoacetic esters can be obtained by reacting ethyl difluoroacetoacetate with ethyl acetate in the presence of sodium hydride (NaH). The yield of this reaction is very unsatisfactory at 25%. Moreover, Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 119-130 states that 4,4-difluoroacetoacetic esters can be prepared by reacting ethyl difluoroacetate with ethyl bromoacetate in the presence of Zn.
WO-A-2005/003077 teaches a three-stage process for preparing alkyl difluoroacetoacetates proceeding from chlorodifluoroacetoacetic esters by reducing the chlorine atom with trialkoxyphosphines (P(OAlk)3), which is also known as the Perkow reaction.
WO-A-2006/005612 teaches a process for preparing 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutyric esters by reacting 2,2-difluoro-N,N-dialkylacetamide with acetic esters in the presence of bases. The alkyl 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutyrate is subsequently, as described in JACS, 73, 3684 (1951), reacted with trimethyl orthoformate and acetic anhydride to give ethyl (2-ethoxymethylene)-4,4-difluoromethylacetoacetate which, according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,489,624, can be converted using methylhydrazine to ethyl 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-4-pyrazolecarboxylate. The route described firstly includes a multitude of reaction steps, and the 2,2-difluoro-N,N-dialkylacetamide used is secondly not commercially available and can be obtained only in small yields of approx. 70% by fluorinating 2,2-dichloro-N,N-dialkylacetamide.
The processes described before in the prior art have the disadvantage that the difluorocarbonyl halides, haloalkylcarboxylic anhydrides and haloacrylic esters used are expensive, cause corrosion problems and/or can be purified only with a high level of technical complexity.

Method for producing dihalo acetoacetic alkyl esters


A cutting tool for milling comprises an insert consisting of a cubic boron nitride sintered body having heat conductivity of at least 400 W/m.K at 120.degree. C. and a thermal expansion coefficient within the range of at least 3.0.times.10.sup.-6 /K and not more than 4.0.times.10.sup.-6 /K in the temperature range of 20.degree. C. to 600.degree. C. According to this cutting tool for milling, sufficient tool life can be attained in high-speed face milling under a wet condition and high-speed end milling under a wet condition.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a cutting tool for milling having an insert of a cubic boron nitride sintered body which is employed for milling cast iron components or the like, and more particularly, it relates to a cutting tool for milling such as a milling cutter or an end mill which enables high-speed milling of cast iron components with long life.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In general, cast iron components for automobile engines or electrical appliances are face-milled or end-milled with a high-speed steel tool, a cemented carbide tool, a coated tool, a ceramics tool or a tool of a cubic boron nitride (hereinafter referred to as CBN) sintered body.
FIGS. 1A and 1B show a face milling tool, to which the present invention is applied. In this face milling tool, a plurality of throwaway tips prepared by brazing CBN sintered bodies 2 to only upper surfaces in the vicinity of single ends of bases 1 consisting of cemented carbide blocks are radially mounted on the outer periphery of a cutter body 5 as shown in FIG. 1B, with pressers 6 and clamp screws 7. In relation to such a face milling tool, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 8-141822 (1996) in the name of the assignee proposes a throwaway tip consisting of a CBN sintered body and a cutter for milling, which enables high-speed face milling of components consisting of gray cast iron with long life by optimizing the shapes of an insert, a minor insert, a negative land etc. of the throwaway tip.
Cutting speeds V practically employed for face-milling cast iron with a cemented carbide or coated tool and a ceramics tool are about 150 to 250 m/min. and about 400 m/min. respectively. On the other hand, a CBN tool which is excellent in wear resistance and applicable to high-speed cutting, such as the throwaway tip for milling proposed in the aforementioned gazette, for example, is capable of working cast iron at a cutting speed V of 500 to 1500 m/min. under a dry condition.
A cutting speed V practically employed for end-milling cast iron with a high-speed steel, cemented carbide or coated tool is about 30 to 100 m/min. On the other hand, a CBN tool is capable of working cast iron at a cutting speed V of 100 to 1500 m/min. under a dry condition.
As hereinabove described, the CBN sintered body tool is capable of face-milling cast iron at the cutting speed V of 500 to 1500 m/min. under a dry condition. Under a wet condition, however, the CBN sintered body tool is employed at a practical cutting speed V within the range of 500 to 700 m/min. If the cutting speed V exceeds this range, the insert of the CBN sintered body tool is heat-cracked to remarkably reduce the tool life.
This is because the insert which is heated to an extremely high temperature when coming into contact with workpieces is rapidly quenched in slipping and heat-cracked by the heat cycle applied thereto in case of cutting cast iron at a high speed under a wet condition, while the CBN sintered body, which has higher heat conductivity and a lower thermal expansion coefficient as compared with cemented carbide or ceramics, can withstand thermal shock with small temperature difference in a heat cycle under a dry condition.
As hereinabove described, the CBN sintered body tool is capable of end-milling cast iron at the cutting speed V of 100 to 1500 m/min. under a dry condition. Under a wet condition, however, the CBN sintered body tool is employed at a practical cutting speed V within the range of 100 to 300 m/min. If the cutting speed V exceeds this range, the insert is heat-cracked to remarkably reduce the tool life similarly to the case of face milling.
It is conceived that the tool life is reduced under a wet condition since the heat conductivity of the conventional CBN sintered body is less than 400 W/m.K under 20.degree. C. and a remarkable temperature gradient is caused in the vicinity of its cutting edge and high tensile stress is applied to the insert in quenching with respect to the temperature difference in the heat cycle under the wet condition due to the low heat conductivity even if the thermal expansion coefficient exceeds 4.0.times.10.sup.-6 /K in the temperature range of 20.degree. C. to 600.degree. C., and heat cracking readily results from repetition of remarkable expansion and contraction due to the high thermal expansion coefficient.
If the cutting speed V of the CBN sintered body tool is increased under a wet condition similarly to that under a dry condition, the tool life is unpreferably reduced to increase the working cost in both of face milling and end milling. Therefore, the CBN sintered body tool must cut workpieces which are remarkably deformed or distorted by heat generated in cutting or components to be protected against even the slightest deformation caused by heat generated in cutting under a dry condition or at a low cutting speed V causing no heat cracking under a wet condition.
However, various types of machining equipment rotatable at a high speed are recently developed one after another, and high-speed cutting is necessary and inevitable for improving working efficiency. In relation to such machining equipment, therefore, awaited is provision of an insert tool capable of coping with dry working for suppressing influence exerted on workpieces by increase of the cutting temperature.
While automobile engine components or the like may be milled under a dry condition, the working is performed under a condition identical to the wet condition is a pre-step includes wet working such as rough working or perforation due to a cutting fluid remaining on the working spots, and hence the insert of the tool is still heat-cracked and hence sufficient life cannot be obtained in this case.


The present invention relates to a nectarine tree, Prunus persica, and more particularly to a new and distinct variety broadly characterized by a large size, vigorous, self-fertile, productive and regular bearing tree. The fruit matures under the ecological conditions described in the middle of August, with first picking on August 9, 1997. The fruit is uniformly large in size, subacidic and sweet in flavor, white in flesh color, globose in shape, clingstone in type, very firm in texture, and nearly full red in skin color. The variety was a first generation cross using `Red Glen` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,193) yellow flesh nectarine as the selected seed parent and `August Snow` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,947) white flesh nectarine as the selected pollen parent.

In a continuing effort to improve the quality of fresh market and shipping fruits, we, the inventors, typically hybridize a large number of nectarine and peach seedlings each year. The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of nectarine tree, which has been denominated varietally as `August Pearl`. The present variety was developed by us in 1993 in a cultivated area of our experimental orchard at Bradford Farms near Le Grand, Calif. in Merced County (San Joaquin Valley). It was a first generation cross using Red Glen (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,193) yellow flesh nectarine as the selected seed parent and `August Snow` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,947) white flesh nectarine as the selected pollen parent. Subsequent to origination of the present variety of nectarine tree, we asexually reproduced it by budding and grafting, and such reproduction of plant and fruit characteristics were true to the original plant in all respects. The reproduction of the variety included the use of Nemaguard Rootstock, the standard of the stone fruit industry in central California, upon which the present variety was compatible and true to type.
The fruit produced by the present variety is most similar to its pollen parent, the `August Snow` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,947), by producing white flesh nectarines that are subacidic in flavor and harvest during August, but is distinguished therefrom and an improvement thereon by producing fruit that ripens about twelve days later, that is sweeter in flavor, that is clingstone instead of freestone, and that does not have a protruding tip at the apex.
The present variety is similar to its seed parent, `Red Glen` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,193), by producing nectarines that are large sized, clingstone, very firm, and full red in skin color, but is very distinguished by producing fruit that is white flesh instead of yellow flesh and that is subacidic in flavor instead of acidic.


An article of footwear includes a flexible cover shaped to envelope at least a portion of a wearer's foot. The cover has a sole region with inner and outer surfaces, the inner surface positioned to face the sole of the wearer's foot and the outer surface positioned to face in an opposite direction. The cover also has a plurality of apertures formed in the sole region. The article further includes a removable outsole nested within the cover. The outsole has an upper surface positioned to face the sole of the wearer's foot, a lower surface facing the inner surface of the cover sole region, and a plurality of lugs on the lower surface which protrude into the plurality of apertures.

Footwear often serves a functional role related to a particular activity. One of the most well-known examples of footwear function is protection of a wearer's feet from the external environment. In particular, people wear shoes to protect the bottoms of their feet from the surface over which they walk. Footwear may also provide added traction as a wearer walks, support for a wearer's foot, warmth, etc. Footwear often serves these and other functions in varying degrees. For example, a person may need a relatively rugged shoe when walking outside, but only need a light slipper when walking inside.
Because of the many functions that footwear serves, people often have multiple pairs of shoes designed for use in different circumstances. This is can be inconvenient. If a person expects to encounter various environments for which different shoe types may be appropriate, that person may be forced to carry one or more pairs of shoes in addition to the shoes he or she may presently be wearing.
As in many fields, manufacturing presents many challenges in the footwear arts. As indicated above, a shoe often needs a rugged surface in the outsole region so as to support the wearer's foot, to provide traction and/or for durability. However, it is frequently desirable that other parts of a shoe be softer and more compliant. Because of these different requirements, shoes are often fabricated from multiple types of materials. These diverse materials are usually joined in some manner, e.g., stitching, gluing, etc. Joining different component types often requires additional manufacturing steps. Reducing the number of joining operations reduces manufacturing steps, thereby reducing cost.
Disposal of worn-out shoes is another challenge in the footwear arts. At the end of a shoe's life cycle, joined components must often be separated. In particular, the different materials used to construct a shoe often have differing recycling requirements. Separating components that have been glued, stitched or otherwise bonded adds to the inconvenience and expense of recycling. When recycling is not convenient, some persons will simply dispose of shoes with non-recycled refuse. If a shoe could be more easily separated into components, people will be encouraged to recycle that shoe.

Article of footwear with perforated covering and removable components


A magnetic recording medium having a substrate, underlayer, a low moment stabilizing layer, an antiferromagnetic coupling layer, a low magnetic layer having a magnetic saturation of equal to or less than 250 emu/cm2, and a high moment magnetic layer having a magnetic saturation of more than 250 emu/cm2, in this order, is disclosed. The magnetic recording medium has a weak coupling strength of Jex ≦0.05.

Magnetic disks and disk drives are employed for storing data in magnetizable form. Preferably, one or more disks are rotated on a central axis in combination with data transducing heads positioned in close proximity to the recording surfaces of the disks and moved generally radially with respect thereto. Magnetic disks are usually housed in a magnetic disk unit in a stationary state with a magnetic head having a specific load elastically in contact with and pressed against the surface of the disk. Data are written onto and read from a rapidly rotating recording disk by means of a magnetic head transducer assembly that flies closely over the surface of the disk. Preferably, each face of each disk will have its own independent head.
In a magnetic media, digital information (expressed as combinations of "0's" and "1's") is written on tiny magnetic bits (which themselves are made up of many even smaller grains). When a bit is written, a magnetic field produced by the disc drive's head orients the bit's magnetization in a particular direction, corresponding to either a 0 or 1. The magnetism in the head in essence "flips" the magnetization in the bit between two stable orientations.
Magnetic thin-film media, wherein a fine grained polycrystalline magnetic alloy layer serves as the active recording medium layer, are generally classified as "longitudinal" or "perpendicular," depending on the orientation of the magnetic domains of the grains of the magnetic material. In longitudinal media (also often referred as "conventional" media), the magnetization in the bits is flipped between lying parallel and anti-parallel to the direction in which the head is moving relative to the disc. In perpendicular media, the magnetization of the disc, instead of lying in the disc's plane as it does in longitudinal recording, stands on end perpendicular to the plane of the disc. The bits are then represented as regions of upward or downward directed magnetization (corresponding to the 1's and 0's of the digital data).
FIG. 1 shows a disk recording medium and a cross section of a disc showing the difference between longitudinal and perpendicular recording. Even though FIG. 1 shows one side of the non-magnetic disk, magnetic recording layers are sputter deposited on both sides of the non-magnetic aluminum substrate of FIG. 1. Also, even though FIG. 1 shows an aluminum substrate, other embodiments include a substrate made of glass, glass-ceramic, NiP/aluminum, metal alloys, plastic/polymer material, ceramic, glass-polymer, composite materials or other non-magnetic materials.
Efforts are continually being made to increase the areal recording density, i.e., the bit density, or bits/unit area, and signal-to-medium noise ratio (SMNR) of the magnetic media. To continue pushing areal densities and increase overall storage capacity, the data bits must be made smaller and put closer together. However, there are limits to how small the bits may be made. If the bit becomes too small, the magnetic energy holding the bit in place may become so small that thermal energy may cause it to demagnetize over time. This phenomenon is known as superparamagnetism. To avoid superparamagnetic effects, disc media manufacturers have been increasing the coercivity (the "field" required to write a bit) of the disc. However, the fields that can be applied are limited by the magnetic materials from which the head is made, and these limits are being approached.
The increasing demands for higher areal recording density impose increasingly greater demands on thin film magnetic recording media in terms of coercivity (Hc), remanent coercivity (Hcr), magnetic remanance (Mr), which is the magnetic moment per unit volume of ferromagnetic material, coercivity squareness (S*), SMNR, over-write (OW), bit-error rate (BER), decay rate (DR) and thermal stability of the media. These parameters are important to the recording performance and depend primarily on the microstructure of the materials of the media. For example, as the SMNR is reduced by decreasing the grain size or reducing exchange coupling between grains, it has been observed that the thermal stability of the media decreases.
Newer longitudinal recording methods could allow beyond 140 gigabits per square inch in density. A great challenge however is maintaining a strong signal for the bits recorded on the media. When the bit size is reduced, the signal is decreased, making the bits more difficult to detect, as well as more difficult to maintain stable after recording information.
One of the key challenges to extending magnetic recording technology beyond the currently achieved 35-100 Gbit/in2 areal densities is to improve the signal to noise ratio by media noise suppression. However, as the storage density of magnetic recording disks has increased, the product of Mr and the magnetic layer thickness t has decreased and Hcr of the magnetic layer has increased. This has led to a decrease in the ratio Mrt/Hcr. To achieve a reduction in Mrt, the thickness t of the magnetic layer has been reduced, but only to a limit because the magnetization in the layer becomes susceptible to thermal decay. This decay has been attributed to thermal activation of small magnetic grains (the super-paramagnetic effect). The thermal stability of a magnetic grain is to a large extent determined by KuV, where Ku is the magnetic anisotropy constant of the magnetic layer and V is the volume of the magnetic grain. As the magnetic layer thickness is decreased, V decreases. Thus, if the magnetic layer thickness is too thin, the stored magnetic information might no longer be stable at normal disk drive operating conditions.
The increase in Ku is limited to the point where the coercivity Hc, which is approximately equal to Ku/Mr, becomes too large to be written by a conventional recording head. On the other hand, a reduction in Mr of the magnetic layer for a fixed layer thickness is limited by the coercivity that can be written. Increasing V by increasing inter-granular exchange can also increase thermal stability. However, this approach could result in a reduction in the SMNR of the magnetic layer.
In order to squeeze as much digital information as possible on a recording disc medium there is a need to find a film structure, which can benefit the low noise feature of laminated medium, but has acceptable thermal stability. Anti-ferromagnetically coupled (AFC) dual-layer media having with a five element magnetic alloy and a low moment stabilizing layer have been unexpectedly found to improve magnetic recording performance with reduced grain size, enhanced grain segregation and maintained high magnetic saturation (Ms) and magneto-crystalline anisotropy.

Weak antiferromagnetically coupled media with a five element magnetic alloy and a low moment stabilizing layer


A guide wire locking mechanism for a catheter system includes a motion-limiting component adapted to contact a portion of a guide wire and limit the direction of motion that the guide wire can slide therethrough. The motion-limiting component allows the guide wire to slide in one direction when placed in the locking mechanism but prevents the guide wire from moving in the opposite direction. The motion-limiting component can be made from a row of movable teeth having contact surfaces or faces which come in contact with a portion of the guide wire. The teeth are bendable to allow the guide wire to move in one direction but will tighten against the guide wire if one attempts to move the guide wire in an opposite direction.

The present invention relates generally to catheters for use in conjunction with specialized medical devices, such as embolic filtering systems used when an interventional procedure is being performed in a stenosed or occluded region of a body vessel to capture embolic material that may be created and released into the vessel during the procedure. Additionally, the present invention can be used in conjunction with other medical delivery catheters utilized in body vessels.
Numerous procedures have been developed for treating occluded blood vessels to allow blood to flow without significant obstruction. Such procedures usually involve the percutaneous introduction of an interventional device into the lumen of the artery, usually through a catheter. One widely known and medically accepted procedure is balloon angioplasty in which an inflatable balloon is introduced within the stenosed region of the blood vessel to dilate the occluded vessel. Stents also are widely known devices which can be inserted into the patient's arterial system to provide scaffolding in the area of a stenosis in the artery. In these procedures, enhanced blood flow should resume in the dilated artery. Unfortunately, when a stenting or angioplasty procedure is performed in a highly vulnerable artery, such as the carotid artery, there is always a possibility that plaque could break away from the area of stenosis and enter the bloodstream. The deposits or plaque may also rupture and form blood clots or thrombi that can completely obstruct blood flow in the affected artery or break free and travel, emboli, to another part of the body. If either of these events occurs, the individual may suffer a myocardial infarction if the artery or arteries affected perfuse the heart or a stroke if the artery or arteries affected supply blood to the brain. If the artery or arteries affected supply blood to a limb or appendage, gangrene could possibly result. If the artery or arteries affected supply blood to the kidney or the kidneys, renal ischemia, infarction or renal failure could possibly result.
Medical devices have been developed to attempt to deal with the problem created when debris or fragments enter the circulatory system during vessel treatment. One technique which has had some success include the placement of a filter or trap downstream from the treatment site to capture embolic debris before it reaches the smaller blood vessels downstream. The placement of a filter in the patient's vasculature during treatment of the vascular lesion can reduce the presence of the embolic debris in the bloodstream. Some prior art expandable filters are attached to the distal end of a guide wire or guide wire-like member that allows the filtering device to be placed in the patient's vasculature. The guide wire allows the physician to steer the filter to a downstream location from the area of treatment. Once the guide wire is in proper position in the vasculature, the embolic filter can be deployed to capture embolic debris. These embolic filtering devices usually utilize a restraining sheath to maintain the expandable filter in its collapsed position. Once the proximal end of the restraining sheath is retracted by the physician, the expandable filter will move into its fully expanded position. The restraining sheath can then be removed from the guide wire allowing the guide wire to be used by the physician to deliver interventional devices, such as a balloon angioplasty catheter or a stent delivery catheter, into the area of treatment. After the interventional procedure is completed, a recovery sheath can be delivered over the guide wire using over-the-wire or rapid exchange techniques to collapse the expanded filter (with the trapped embolic debris) for removal from the patient's vasculature. Both the delivery sheath and recovery sheath should be relatively flexible to track over the guide wire and to avoid straightening the body vessel once in place.
While a filter can be effective in capturing embolic material, the filter still needs to be collapsed and removed from the vessel without causing any of the trapped embolic material from escaping from the filtering portion. During the recovery step, there is a possibility that trapped embolic debris can backflow through the inlet opening of the filter and enter the bloodstream as the filter is being collapsed. Additionally, as the recovery catheter and filter device are being simultaneously removed from the patient, the catheter must remain properly disposed over the filter to maintain it in the collapsed position. If the restraining sheath should somehow retract off of the expandable filter, it is possible that the filtering portion could re-deploy as the devices travel through the patient's vasculature. Such an occurrence is not desired and could cause unwanted trauma to the body vessel, release of captured emboli into the body vessel, and/or compromised filter basket integrity.
Various types of recovery catheters can be utilized to perform the recovery step. Some catheters are full-length which use a long restraining sheath that extends from the area of treatment to an area outside of the patient. These catheters, however, usually require a long length guide wire to be utilized. Moreover, when full-length sheaths are used for recovery, more time is usually needed to remove or advance the sheath along the guide wire. For this reason, recovery catheters utilizing rapid-exchange technology have been developed. A rapid-exchange recovery catheter only utilizes a short section of sheathing at its distal end to capture the deployed filter. The remaining proximal portion of recovery catheter can be made from an elongate component, such as a mandrel, a guide wire or tubing. This type of recovery catheter does not require a long length guide wire and is usually can be advanced much quicker along the guide wire than a full-length catheter. Removal of a rapid-exchange catheter is usually much faster as well.
Regardless of whether the recovery catheter is a rapid-exchange type or a full length sheath, the distal end of the recovery catheter must remain in place over the collapsed filter device to prevent backflow of captured embolic debris. Since both the recovery catheter and guide wire are usually being removed simultaneously during the recovery step, the recovery catheter cannot be retracted faster than the guide wire since such a movement could cause the recovery catheter to retract from the filter device which again can cause the problems addressed above. For this reason, it would be advantageous if the recovery catheter and guide wire could some how be locked together to permit only simultaneous movement of these components. What is needed then is a reliable recovery sheath that minimizes the risk that the restraining sheath can somehow be removed from the filtering portion during recovery. The recovery catheter should be relatively easy for a physician to use and should provide an effective means for retrieving the device without releasing any captured embolic debris into the body vessel. Moreover, it would be advantageous if the catheter can be advanced and removed from the guide wire in relatively quick fashion. The invention disclosed herein satisfies these and other needs.

Guide wire locking mechanism for rapid exchange and other catheter systems