A displaying device includes a first storing portion that stores first connection data indicating connection statuses of a plurality of instruments and a controlling system, a second storing portion that stores second connection data indicating connection statuses of a plurality of instruments and an instrument controlling device, a displaying portion that displays the first connection statuses through the first connection data and the second connection statuses through the second connection data, and a display controlling portion that causes the first connection statuses and the second connection statuses to be displayed separately on the displaying portion.

Control systems are used in monitoring and control of various types of equipment ancillary to buildings, controlling plants, and the like, and instrument controlling devices are also used. See, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-014388. For example, in instrument controlling devices, signals are exchanged between field instruments, such as process instruments and various types of sensors, equipped in a work area, connected through a network such as a FieldBus, where, conventionally, mobile terminals would be used to connect directly to field instruments to set, from above, parameters for calibration, or to display diagnostic results relating to the proper operating state of a field instrument.
In systems with this type of control, a standard (an international standard) that uses an electric current value between 4 mA and 20 mA as a signal, known as a "4-20 mA" signal, is broadly used as a network for connecting instrument controlling devices and field instrument. In such a network, in the past a value of a sensor that is a field instrument, or a value between 0 and 100% for the degree of opening of a valve (a primary measurement value) were expressed through the electric current value (between 4 and 20 mA).
Moreover, at present network systems are also being developed wherein a digital signal is superimposed on an analog control signal to exchange, with the instrument controlling device, "additional information" such as secondary measurement values for the field instruments (for example, a temperature for performing temperature-pressure correction in a pressure gauge), setting parameters for the field instruments, and the like. Such network systems are known as HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer™) communication, where the use of instruments that are based on the HART communication standard is increasing.
Initially, the primary purpose was to set parameters for the field instruments, such as setting ranges using a HART communication compliant handheld terminal, but in recent years there has been some diversification, such as advancements and standardization regarding self-diagnostics in field instruments, and the like. For example, monitoring field instrument self-diagnostics information on an "instrument controlling station," which is added to, for example, an instrument controlling device, has also become one major objective.
In the engineering work in a controlling system or an instrument controlling device as described above, it is important to ascertain the connection status of individual field instruments. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, an instrument controlling device 301 and a controlling system 302 are connected to various field instruments 305. A plurality of controllers 303 are connected through a network 311 to the controlling system 302, and a plurality of I/O module signal converting devices 304 are connected to the individual controllers 303. The instrument controlling device 301 is also connected through the network 321 to the plurality of I/O module signal converting devices 304.
Moreover, a plurality of field instruments 305 are connected by signal lines 312 and signal lines 322 to the individual I/O module signal converting devices 304. Of these, each individual field instrument 305 is connected, through a signal line 312, to a route that is a device controlling instrument 302-I/O module signal converting device 303. Moreover, each individual field instrument 305 is connected, through a signal line 322, to a route that is a device controlling instrument 301-I/O module signal converting device 304. The I/O module signal converting device 304 converts between signals whereby the instrument controlling device 301 is connected by the network 321, and signals for connecting to the field instruments 305 through the signal lines 322.
The connection statuses illustrated in FIG. 5, described above, are for an integrated type wherein the instrument controlling device 301 and the controlling system 302 are configured as a single unit. In the connection statuses of the integrated type, described above, the connection status of an individual field instrument 305, when viewed from the instrument controlling device 301, and the connection status of the individual field instrument 305 when viewed from the controlling system 302 are identical. Consequently, the connection statuses of the instrument controlling device 301 and of each individual field instrument 305 can be checked using the connection diagram of the field instruments 305 used by the controlling system 302.
However, in recent years there has been an increase in the number of cases wherein the instrument controlling device is implemented afterward into a configuration with a field instrument of a controlling system wherein the instrument controlling device is not incorporated already. In such a case, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the field instruments 305 are connected to the instrument controlling device 401 through a route that is separate from the route by which the controlling system 302 and the individual field instruments 305 are connected. This is known as the "separate type" wherein the configuration is such that the connections between the instrument controlling device 401 and the field instruments 305 are separate from the connections between the controlling system 302 and the field instruments 305.
In this separate type, the plurality of controllers 303 is connected through the network 311 to the controlling system 302, where the individual controllers 303 are connected to the plurality of I/O modules 404, and the plurality of field instruments 305 is connected to the individual I/O modules 404 through the signal lines 312.
On the other hand, the signal converting device 402 is connected to the instrument controlling device 401 by the signal line 421, where each individual field instrument 305, of the plurality thereof, is connected by a signal line 422 to the signal converting device 402. Note that although omitted from the diagram, a signal line 422 is connected for each individual field instrument 305.
In such a separate type, the connection statuses of the individual field instruments 305 when viewed from the instrument controlling device 401 and the connection statuses of the individual field instruments 305 when viewed from the controlling system 302 are different. Because of this, it is not possible, in the separate type, to confirm, using the connection diagram for the field instruments 305 used by the controlling system 302, the connection statuses between the instrument controlling device 401 and the individual field instruments 305. In this way, there has been a problem in that, in the separate type wherein the instrument controlling device is incorporated afterward in a configuration wherein the controlling system and the field instruments are already connected, it is not easy to check the connection statuses between the instrument controlling device and the individual field instruments.
The present invention was created in order to solve problem areas such as set forth above, and an aspect thereof is to enable easy checking of the connection statuses of the instrument controlling device and the individual field instruments in the separate type wherein the instrument controlling device is incorporated afterward in a configuration wherein the controlling system and the field instruments are already connected.

Display device that separately controls first and second display windows for indicating connection statuses of plurality of instruments on display device


A method and system for patient-specific computational modeling and simulation for coupled hemodynamic analysis of cerebral vessels is disclosed. An anatomical model of a cerebral vessel is extracted from 3D medical image data. The anatomical model of the cerebral vessel includes an inner wall and an outer wall of the cerebral vessel. Blood flow in the cerebral vessel and deformation of the cerebral vessel wall are simulated using coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational solid mechanics (CSM) simulations based on the anatomical model of the cerebral vessel.

The present invention relates to hemodynamic analysis of cerebral vessels, and more particularly, to hemodynamic analysis of cerebral vessels using non-invasive patient-specific computational modeling and simulation based on medical image data.
In recent years, various techniques have been proposed for hemodynamic analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Computational Solid Mechanics (CSM). For example, such hemodynamic analysis has been proposed for various applications, such as determining the risk of rupture of aneurysms, assessment of stenosis severity, and assessment of athersclerosis plaque formation. These techniques have also been proposed for simulating the hemodynamic effect of implanting a flow-diverter or stent for treating aneurysms or stenosis, as well as for determining hemodynamic attributes for preoperative planning and decision support.
Despite recent advances, computational mechanics based techniques are currently not used in routine clinical practice. One possible reason that computational mechanics based techniques are not prevalent is that such techniques are typically either based on simplified anatomical models or on population wide assumptions for certain model parameters, thereby rendering them unsuitable for analysis and decision support on an individual patient basis.

Method and system for patient-specific computational modeling and simulation for coupled hemodynamic analysis of cerebral vessels


A power converter comprises two main switches connecting an output either to the positive rail or to the negative rail. Two freewheel diodes for maintaining the current in the load, two snubbers and an auxiliary circuit including an auxiliary inductor in series with two auxiliary switches connected between the output and a mid-point of a capacitive voltage divider supplying a median voltage. Any error of the median voltage relative to its nominal value is evaluated and the main switches are additionally commanded, depending on the direction of the error, for a time period dependent on the amplitude of the error, in order to cause an additional current in the auxiliary circuit to correct the error at least in part.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention concerns soft switching power converters, in particular the power converters described in the article "High Power Transistor Inverters--Potential for Single Device Operation at 1000 A and 800 V", by G. A. Fisher published in the minutes of the "16th Universities Power Engineering Conference", Sheffield, Great Britain, in the article "Resonant Snubbers with Auxiliary Switches", by W. McMurray, published in IEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol.29, No.2, March/April 1993, and in patent document WO 92/05625.
2. Description of the Prior Art
FIG. 1 shows a converter leg of the type described in the publications mentioned. This converter leg is adapted to power a load L, shown as essentially inductive in nature, for example a motor, from a direct current voltage supply provided between a positive rail VR+ and a negative rail VR-. It essentially comprises:
two main switches S1 and S2 respectively connecting an output S leading to the load L either to the rail VR+ or to the rail VR-, PA1 two freewheel diodes D1 and D2 for maintaining the current in the load L by respectively coupling the output S either to the positive rail VR+ or to the negative rail VR-, PA1 two snubbers C1 and C2 between the output S and the positive rail VR+ and the negative rail VR-, respectively, PA1 an auxiliary circuit CA including an auxiliary inductor LA in series with two antiparallel unidirectional conduction auxiliary switches T1 and T2, for example thyristors, or functionally equivalent circuits, connected between the output S and the mid-point M of a capacitive voltage divider DC; the latter in turn comprises two divider capacitors CV1 and CV2 connected in series between the positive and negative rails VR+ and VR- and supplying at this mid-point M a nominal median voltage relative to those of the positive and negative rails VR+ and VR-.
In this circuit, the components S1, D3, C1, T1, CV1 are respectively paired with components S2, D2, C2, T2, CV2, i.e. they have the same electrical characteristics at all times. A control circuit, not shown, measures voltages and currents at various points of the converter including this leg and commands switching of the main switches S1 and S2 and the auxiliary switches T1 and T2 in accordance with an appropriate program, by action at control electrodes that are merely sketched in in the figure, at ec1, for example, in the manner now to be described.
To illustrate the operation of this circuit in the case of a DC--DC converter, the leg from FIG. 1 operating as a chopper, the starting state is one in which no switch is turned on and a current IL is maintained in the load L by the freewheel diode D2 which is turned on at this time. Accordingly, ignoring the threshold voltage of the diode D2, the output S is at the same potential as the rail VR-, for example 0 volt. The capacitors CV1 and CV2, which have the same capacitance, are charged to the voltage +V between the rails VR+ and VR-, with the result that the mid-point M is at the median voltage +V/2.
Commutation of the circuit begins with a first step in which the auxiliary switch T1 is turned on by the control circuit. The auxiliary inductor LA is energized between +V/2 (ignoring the threshold of V1) and 0 V (ignoring the threshold of D2); the current IA through it increases linearly. This current is subtracted from the current IL in the diode D2.
When IA=IL the diode D2 turns off. The output S is no longer connected to the rail VR-. The auxiliary inductor LA is then in series with the capacitors C1 and C2, which as far as it is concerned are in parallel with each other. An oscillatory current arises between the inductor and the capacitors. In the first half-wave of this oscillation the mid-point of the snubbers C1 and C2, i.e. the output S, goes from 0 to +V volts.
The switch S1 is then turned on, with no voltage across it, and takes the current IL. The current IA flowing through the inductor LA, now connected between the mid-point M, at the potential +V/2, and the output S, maintained at the potential +V via the switch T1, decreases linearly. When it falls to zero the auxiliary switch T1 turns off. For this reason a thyristor type switch is employed, which has the property of turning off when the current passing through it falls to zero, or any equivalent combination of components, a transistor or an IGBT in series with a diode, for example.
Commutation in the other direction, to return to the initial situation, is accomplished in a similar fashion, using the auxiliary circuit CA, the auxiliary switch T2 of which is turned on, as the auxiliary switch T1 was before. Moreover, the switch S1 is then also turned off. The voltage at the output S then goes from +V to 0 volts in one oscillation at the end of which the auxiliary switch T2 turns off, the diode D2 then turning on due to the effect of the current IL.
Other modes of use of the converter leg described can be envisaged, in particular that of FIG. 2 in which the load is connected between two converter legs identical to that of FIG. 1, the components of the second leg carrying the same reference numbers as the first with the addition of a "'". Additionally, and as a variant, the inductors LA and LA' are connected between the auxiliary switches and the point M, instead of being connected between these auxiliary switches and the point S; this does not change anything with regard to the operation as described here. Other modes of operation can be applied in a two-leg converter such as that shown in FIG. 2, in particular inverter operation. The operation of each of the two legs is tied to what has just been described. In chopper mode operation, the operation of the lefthand leg alternately involves the diode D2 and switch T1, while, synchronously, the operation of the righthand leg involves the diode D1' and the switch T2'. In inverter operation, after a positive half-cycle, or several parts of a positive half-cycle, in accordance with what has just been stated, a negative half-cycle will involve, on one side, the diode D1 and then the switch T2 and, on the other side, the diode D2' and then the switch T1.
In these various situations, the voltage is switched at the output S of a converter leg without losses if the voltage at the output S goes from 0 to +V volts, that is to say if the voltage across the auxiliary circuit CA is reversed, that is to say if the voltage at the point M is equal to +V/2. For this, the capacitances of the capacitors CV1 and CV2 of the voltage divider DC must be sufficiently high and the symmetry of the components involved in the conduction phases of the auxiliary circuit must be quasi-perfect. Experience shows that these conditions are difficult to meet and this constitutes a problem.
In the case of the symmetrical converter from FIG. 2, it will be noted that the two legs share the same voltage divider DC. The currents required of this voltage divider are in opposition and in principle equal. However, the problem referred to above nevertheless arises in practice.
The skilled person will easily envisage an application of the converter just described in the context of a three-phase circuit. The same problem is still present.
The invention supplies an effective, low-cost solution to this problem.

Soft switching power converter comprising means for correcting the median voltage of a capacitive voltage divider

Alcatel Alsthom Compagnie Generale D'Electricite


Provided are a novel organic compound appropriate for emission of green light and an organic light-emitting device including the organic compound. Provided is a substituted or unsubstituted indeno[1,2,3-cd]naphtho[2,3-k]fluoranthene appropriate for emission of green light. The substituents of the indeno[1,2,3-cd]naphtho[2,3-k]fluoranthene are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.

An organic light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic compound layer disposed therebetween. When the two electrodes inject electrons and holes into the organic compound layer, an organic compound contained therein generates excitons and emits light as the excitons return to the ground state.
Organic light-emitting devices are also referred to as organic electroluminescent (EL) devices.
The development of novel luminescent organic compounds has so far been intensively conducted. The development of such compounds is important to provide high-performance organic light-emitting devices.
As an example of such an organic compound, PTL 1 discloses exemplary compound 1-A:

As another example of such an organic compound, PTL 2 discloses exemplary compound 1:

Organic compound and organic light-emitting device including the same


A gaming machine for conducting a wagering game comprises a processor and a value input device for receiving a wager from a player to play the game. The processor is operative to accumulate bonus points based on predetermined criteria, and allow the player to redeem a number of the bonus points for an award at a time selected by the player.

Gaming machines, such as slot machines, video poker machines and the like, have been a cornerstone of the gaming industry for several years. Generally, the popularity of such machines with players is dependent on the likelihood (or perceived likelihood) of winning money at the machine and the intrinsic entertainment value of the machine relative to other available gaming options. Where the available gaming options include a number of competing machines and the expectation of winning each machine is roughly the same (or believed to be the same), players are most likely to be attracted to the most entertaining and exciting of the machines. Shrewd operators consequently strive to employ the most entertaining and exciting machines available because such machines attract frequent play and hence increase profitability to the operator. Accordingly, in the competitive gaming machine industry, there is a continuing need for gaming machine manufacturers to produce new types of games, or enhancements to existing games, which will attract frequent play by enhancing the entertainment value and excitement associated with the game.
A feature employed in some prior games is a bonus accumulator that accumulates points based on predetermined criteria. For example, a prior game entitled "Piggy Bankin'" includes three symbol-bearing reels and a bonus accumulator in the form of a piggy bank. In response to a wager, the reels are spun and stopped to place symbols on the reels in visual association with a pay line. For each spin resulting in three blanks along the pay line, the piggy bank is incremented by the wager amount. For a spin resulting in a "Break the Bank" symbol on the third reel, the player is awarded the accumulated total in the piggy bank. In another example, a prior game entitled "Boom" includes a plurality of symbol-bearing reels and a bonus accumulator in the form of a firecracker register. In response to a wager, the reels are spun and stopped to place symbols on the reels in visual association with multiple pay lines. A firecracker mark is added to the firecracker register for every 25 credits wagered. Each firecracker mark is worth one credit. The player is awarded a firecracker bonus equal to the number of firecracker marks in the firecracker register when either (1) the firecracker register reaches fifty firecracker marks, or (2) a spin results in two "wild match" symbols anywhere on the display.
Although such prior games are generally entertaining, the bonus accumulator suffers from a couple shortcomings. First, to redeem any bonus points accumulated in the bonus accumulator, a player must continue to wager and play the game until accomplishing an infrequent predetermined event that triggers the redemption of bonus points. If the player must walk away from the gaming machine for some reason, e.g., the player runs out of money, the player may be frustrated by his/her forfeiture of the bonus points which now remain in the bonus accumulator for redemption by a subsequent player. Second, because players may walk away before redeeming the accumulated bonus points, people looking to play a game with a bonus accumulator may scout for and hover around those machines with greater bonus points in the bonus accumulator.
A need therefore exists for a bonus accumulator that overcomes the above-noted shortcomings of the bonus accumulator employed in prior games.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.


A position-sensorless motor control device has a superposer that superposes, on the drive current with which the motor is driven, a superposed current having a different frequency than the drive current, a superposed component extractor that extracts, from the motor current fed to the motor, the γ-axis and δ-axis components of the superposed current, and a controller that controls the motor so that the direct-current component of the arithmetic product of the extracted γ-axis and δ-axis components of the superposed current converges to zero.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a position-sensorless motor control device that drives and controls a motor without the use of a rotor position sensor. The present invention also relates to a motor drive system incorporating such a position-sensorless motor control device.
2. Description of Related Art
There have conventionally been developed techniques for detecting the rotor position of a motor without the use of a sensor. Some of such techniques propose to exploit injection of a high-frequency rotation voltage or a high-frequency rotation current.
For example, JP-A-2003-219682 discloses a technique according to which a high-frequency rotation voltage is applied to a motor, and the rotor position thereof is estimated based on the major-axis direction of the ellipse described by the current vector locus. JP-A-2004-80986 discloses a technique according to which a high-frequency rotation voltage is applied to a motor, and the current that flows therethrough is converted into a current on the α-β axes; then the peak values and the phases of the α-axis and β-axis components of this current are detected to find the angle of the ellipse major axis (d axis) from the α axis.
JP-A-2002-51597 discloses a technique according to which the cosine and the sine of the mid-angle between the in-phase magnetic flux vector and the mirror-phase magnetic flux vector of a high-frequency wave are estimated, and these estimated values are used as rotation signals for a vector rotator. JP-A-2003-153582 discloses a technique according to which a mapping between the positive-phase axis and the negative-phase axis is exploited to estimate the rotor position.
Disadvantageously, however, according to any of the techniques disclosed in the documents mentioned above, to obtain a signal based on which the rotor position can be estimated, it is necessary to subject the extracted signals to complicated processing; that is, they enable position-sensorless control indeed, but only through complicated processing.

Position-sensorless motor control device


An apparatus and method for reducing edge contact stress concentrations in a press-fit. The apparatus and method of the present disclosure specifically provide for a press-fit collar having a channel circumscribing a collar axis. The channel having an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile in a radial face. The asymmetrical cross-sectional profile being configured to reduce an edge contact pressure.

Epicyclic gearing is a widely used in the field of aeronautic engines for transmitting drive and converting power between a turbine engine and a propulsive element, such as a fan. The use of a gearbox with an epicyclic gearing arrangement allows the fan to be rotated at fewer revolutions per unit of time than the rotational speed of the low-pressure shaft of the engine, for greater efficiency. The gearbox rotatably supports a sun gear that is disposed centrally with respect to a ring gear and a plurality of planet gears mounted on a planet-carrier, which are disposed around the sun gear and engage between the sun gear and the ring gear. The low-pressure shaft provides the input to the epicyclic gearing arrangement, being coupled to the sun gear, while the fan is coupled to rotate in unison with the planet-carrier. Each planet gear meshes with the sun gear and with the ring gear, which is held stationary. The shaft of the fan is rotatable on its own bearing that is housed in a sun gear box, which is also called the fan gearbox, that is fixed to the rotationally central region of a carrier. Each planet gear is rotatable on a bearing mounted on a planet pin, which is fixed to the peripheral region of the carrier.
For aviation applications, there is a continuing need to reduce the size and weight of gearboxes and gearbox components while also improving lifespan. Thus, the art is continuously seeking new and improved systems and methods that address the desire to reduce the size and weight of gearboxes. As such, an apparatus and method for reducing edge contact stress concentrations in a press-fit, would be beneficial.

System and method for reducing edge contact stress concentrations in a press-fit


An electronic device includes an electronic connector, a flexible printed circuit and a structure having a stationary printed circuit board. The electronic connector rotates according to a first pivot axis and a second pivot axis with respect to the structure. The flexible printed circuit is fixed to the electronic connector and the stationary printed circuit board, and transfers an electronic current between the electronic connector and the stationary printed circuit board. The flexible printed circuit board comprises a first partly circular bend moving in response to the rotation of the electronic connector according to the first pivot axis and a second partly circular bend moving in response to the rotation of the electronic connector according to the second pivot axis.

When an electronic connection between two devices in movement according to one another is implemented, the electronic connection must be maintained throughout the whole movement of the devices. In prior art, there usually are electric cables connected on the two devices that bend and twist to follow the movement of the cables. For example, such cables are winded onto rotating axes and unwind when one device rotates with regards to the other. However, such systems may jam or the cable can twist into an angle damaging to the wires found inside said cable and the system can be damaged. Also, there is no way to predict the position of the cable with regards to the devices and the cable can get stuck into the mechanism of the devices therefore damaging the mechanism and the cable, and the electronic connection can no longer be established.

Electronic device comprising an electronic connector and a flexible printed circuit


A processor and method for processing matrix data. The processor includes M independent vector register files which are adapted to collectively store a matrix of L data elements. Each data element has B binary bits. The matrix has N rows and M columns, and L=N*M. Each column has K subcolumns. N≧2, M≧2, K≧1, and B≧1. Each row and each subcolumn is addressable. The processor does not duplicatively store the L data elements. The matrix includes a set of arrays such that each array is a row or subcolumn of the matrix. The processor may execute an instruction that performs an operation on a first array of the set of arrays, such that the operation is performed with selectivity with respect to the data elements of the first array.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to logically addressing both rows and subcolumns of a matrix stored in a plurality of vector register files within a processor.
2. Related Art
A Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) vector processing environment may be utilized for operations associated with vector and matrix mathematics. Such mathematics processing may relate to various multimedia applications such as graphics and digital video. A current problem associated with SIMD vector processing arises from a need to handle vector data flexibly. The vector data is currently handled as a single (horizontal) vector of multiple elements when operated upon in standard SIMD calculations. The rows of the matrix can therefore be accessed horizontally in a conventional manner. However it is often necessary to access the columns of the matrix as entities, which is problematic to accomplish with current technology. For example, it is common to generate a transpose of the matrix for accessing columns of the matrix, which has the problem of requiring a large number of move/copy instructions and also increases (i.e., at least doubles) the number of required registers.
Accordingly, there is a need for an efficient processor and method for addressing rows and columns of a matrix used in SIMD vector processing.

Two dimensional addressing of a matrix-vector register array

International Business Machines Corporation


A multi-processor control device according to an example of the invention comprises a cooperative control unit which determines priorities of requests issued from processors to a shared resource which are used to suppress a total power consumption of the processors within a range in which performance constraints of programs executed by the processors are satisfied, and determines a frequency of each of the processors so as to suppress the total power consumption within the range in which the performance constraint of the each program is satisfied, a first control unit which issues requests from the processors to the shared resource in accordance with priorities determined by the cooperative control unit, and a second control unit which controls the frequency of each of the processors in accordance with the frequency determined by the cooperative control unit.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a multi-processor control device and method which control a plurality of processors.
2. Description of the Related Art
As a power consumption reduction technique for a program having a constraint, there has been proposed a technique of controlling a frequency/power supply voltage so as to execute the program by using as low frequency/power supply voltage as possible within the range in which the constraint is satisfied.
a conventional technique determines a frequency/power supply voltage on the basis of the profile information of a program.
According to another conventional technique, when the constraint of a program is not satisfied, control is performed by using information obtained at the time of execution of the program to increase the frequency/power supply voltage so as to satisfy the constraint. In contrast to this, when there is a margin in terms of performance, a frequency/power supply voltage is determined by feedback control such as decreasing the frequency/power supply voltage.
A reference 1 (Masaaki Kondo and Hiroshi Nakamura, "Proposal of Dynamic Power Supply Voltage/Frequency Control Technique for CMP", IPSJ SIG Technical Reports, Vol. 2005, No. 56, published May 31, 2005, p. 25, Information Processing Society of Japan) has proposed a technique of improving fairness and achieving an improvement in performance and a reduction in power consumption or energy consumption by controlling the operating frequency and power supply voltage of each processor, instead of dividing a cache, using a dynamic power supply voltage/frequency control (DVFS: Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scaling) technique.
In general, a CMP (Chip Multi Processor) includes a resource shared by a plurality of processor cores, e.g., a memory bus.
For this reason, the performance of a program executed by each processor core greatly depends on the properties of programs simultaneously executed by other processor cores. When a resource contention occurs, the performance of a program may greatly deteriorate.
The above conventional technique cope with this problem by only increasing the frequency/power supply voltage for a program whose performance has deteriorated, but do not perform any control in consideration of the influences of the resource contention with other programs. This may degrade energy efficiency.

Multi-processor control device and method

Semiconductor Technology Academic Research Center


The invention features a aortic carboxypeptidase-like polypeptide (ACLP), DNA encoding ACLP, and methods of detecting genetic alterations associated with abdominal wall defects.

The invention relates to gastrointestinal abnormalities.
Gastroschisis is a life-threatening abdominal wall defect that occurs in approximately 1–7 of every 10,000 human births. The defect is thought to originate on the right side of the umbilical cord and may involve the formation of the omphalomesenteric artery. Infants with gastroschisis can be born with abdominal organs outside the body cavity, i.e., protruding through the defect. Factors associated with an increased risk for gastroschisis include a maternal age below 20 years, ingestion of aspirin, and ingestion of pseudoephedrine. The cause of gastroschisis has not been identified.

President and Fellows of Harvard College


Disclosed are a method of and a system for displaying information in such a way that an audience is able to follow up with an operation of an operator in demonstration and presentation using a information terminal, etc. including a touch panel, etc. as an I/O device. An information processing system comprises an operation screen unit capable of displaying information and detecting a touch operation on a surface thereof, a first display control unit for controlling display of the information on the operation screen unit, and an operation mode selecting unit for selecting any one of two or more operation modes with respect to the touch operation. A first operation mode provides the touch operation on the operation screen unit with a first function corresponding to the touch operation, and a second operation mode provides the touch operation on the operation screen unit, instead of providing the first function corresponding to the touch operation, or together with providing the first function, with a second function of displaying a marker for indicating a detection of the touch in a touch position.

The present invention relates to an information processing system including input/output (I/O) devices such as a touch panel, a mouse, etc. capable of inputting information with an operation against a display on a screen.
In the information processing system including the above-described I/O devices like, e.g., the touch panel, a sensor for detecting a touch (or press-down) on a screen from outside is provided in overlap with a touch panel display screen for displaying the information. When an operator of the information processing system presses down a position of a button, etc. displayed on the screen, the sensor detects coordinates of that touch position, and an operation instruction is given to the information processing system.
This type of invention known as the information processing system is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laying-Open Application No.9-26832. This type of information processing system includes a large-sized main LCD having high resolution, a main CPU for controlling the main LCD, a small-sized sub LCD having low resolution, a touch panel on the sub LCD, and a sub CPU for controlling the sub LCD. According to this invention, a necessity for providing the touch panel on the main LCD is eliminated by combining the small-sized low resolution sub LCD with the touch panel provided on the sub LCD, and declines both in contrast of the main LCD and in display function are thereby prevented. Further, this invention has a scheme for reducing a consumption of electric power by operating only the sub LCD and a sub processor in operations not requiring the high resolution.
Further, in some other conventional information processing systems, both of the touch panel and another pointing device, e.g., the mouse can be used as the pointing devices. In this type of information processing system, when detecting that the operator manipulates the mouse, a mouse cursor is displayed on the screen, and, when detecting that the operator operates the touch panel, the mouse cursor is not displayed.
The reason for taking a mode in which the mouse cursor is not displayed when operating the touch panel, is that the operator is able to directly specify desired coordinates on the screen by use of a finger or a pen.
In the case of performing the demonstration and the presentation by operating the touch panel in this information processing system, however, the audience is unable to follow up with the operation of the operator and hard to understand how the operator operates it.
Further, this type of information processing system may generally be a small-sized information terminal such as a notebook type personal computer, a pen-inputting type personal computer, a PDA, etc., and an area of a display screen thereof is small in general. Therefore, other external display device such as a liquid crystal projector or a large-screen CRT is connected via a cable, and the demonstration or the presentation is conducted for the audiences by use of this external display device in many cases. In this case, if a video controller incorporated into the information processing system is used for controlling display on the external display device, the same content as that displayed on the external display device can not be displayed on the screen of the self-device in some cases in terms of a limit of performance of the video controller. Hence, the operator must operate the touch panel in a state of displaying nothing on the screen of the information processing system, and it is difficult to pinpoint the exact coordinates on the screen by operating the touch panel.
Further, other type of information processing system incorporates two pieces of video controllers. One of the two video controllers controls the display on the touch panel screen, while the other controller controls the display on the external display device. Therefore, this information processing system displays different contents on the two screens. In this type of information processing system, it is difficult to specify a menu, a button or an icon by use of the touch panel because they are displayed on the external display device but are not displayed on the touch panel.
In any case, the audiences have been demanding for a contrivance for pinpointing the touched coordinates to make the operation clearly understandable irrespective of whether the information is displayed on the touch panel or not.
On the other hand, the operators have been demanding for a method of controlling the information processing system by use of a touch panel capable of easily operating the menu, the button or the icon displayed on only the external display device.
Moreover, in an information processing system having no such touch panel described above and using only, e.g., a mouse as a pointing device, a mouse cursor is always displayed on the screen.
In the demonstration and the presentation for the audience, however, the operator frequently moves the mouse cursor to the desired menu, button or icon, and hence it is difficult for the audience to grasp the operation by the operator as in the case of the information processing system including the touch panel described above.
Accordingly, the contrivance for making the content of operation by the operator easily understandable to the audience, is also required of the information processing system using a pointing device other than the touch panel.

Information processing system and screen display method


A safety control arrangement for escalators includes a detector for generating a trigger signal, and a microprocessor connected to a memory. A serial data communications bus connects the detector to the processor. The memory includes toggling and interrogating routines which permit verifying proper operability of the detector.

Control arrangements for escalators typically include devices such as switches, sensors and/or other detectors that are actuated when abnormal or unsafe conditions occur. A signal generated by a detector is then detected by logic circuits or software in the main controller that stop the escalator by de-energizing the main contactors (UP or DOWN) and releasing the brake.
The safety detectors (switches, sensors, etc.) have traditionally been arranged in a series circuit (safety chain), such that actuation of any detector in the chain de-energizes the main contactors (UP/DOWN) and stops the escalator. Safety codes also typically require that some safety detectors be of a manual reset type, requiring physical intervention of a qualified person before a starting key switch is operated.
Safety detectors are typically wired to various junction boxes located in an escalator wellway. The junction boxes are connected to the main controller using a number of conductors bundled in cables.
See, for example, FIG. 5, and also U.S. Pat. No. 5,186,300, Starting Circuit and Method for Escalators and Moving Walks, Feb. 16, 1993, by Zaharia. In these typical arrangements, the present inventor believes that many of the safety detectors have dedicated wiring extending from the detectors substantially to the escalator controller. For the past several years, the escalator industry has experienced many changes because of safety enhancements as well as customer demands for added features. These changes have led to a significant increase in the number of conductors, junction boxes, terminal blocks and other wiring devices. Thus, the cost of labor and materials associated with escalator wiring has increased significantly.
When diagnostic devices are used, the number of connections increases dramatically; which often adds even more to the overall cost of manufacturing the escalator.
Therefore, the cost of making an escalator increases proportionally to the number of safety devices and optional features because of the wiring of these devices and features to the escalator controller.

Control arrangement for escalator or moving walk


A connector includes a housing and a terminal portion disposed on the housing. A tine plate has a first surface, an oppositely facing second surface, a plurality of through-holes passing from the first surface to the second surface, and at least one opening passing from the first surface to the second surface. A plurality of tines are disposed on the terminal portion. Each tine extends through a corresponding one of the through holes in a direction from the first surface toward the second surface. At least one protrusion is disposed on the housing, extending at least partially through the respective at least one opening in the direction from the first surface toward the second surface. The at least one protrusion engages the tine plate along a perimeter of the at least one opening at two or more contact points.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates in general to electrical connectors for mounting on a printed circuit board, and in particular to an electrical connector with a tine plate for receiving a plurality of tines of the connector.
2. Background Art
A "right angle header" type connector is conventionally known in the art for mounting to a printed circuit board. A right angle type connector typically comprises a plurality of tines in series having an inverted "L" shape, such that the plurality of tines generally extend horizontally from a back surface of a body or housing of the connector and bend at a right angle in a direction toward the printed circuit board. In the right angle type connector, some tines are longer than others, potentially reducing their strength. This affects alignment accuracy when mounting the connector to the printed circuit board, and the tines may be prone to deformation during transport. Accordingly, a reinforcing member, commonly referred to as a tine plate, is often used to ensure alignment accuracy and to prevent deformation of the tines. The tine plate has a plurality of through-holes for receiving the plurality of tines, thereby protecting the tines. The tine plate is typically secured by a locking mechanism provided on the connector body.
Some clearance between the tine plate and the connector housing is necessary to ensure functionality of the locking mechanism, taking into account design tolerances and so forth. Because of the clearance, however, even though the tine plate is held by the locking mechanism, the tine plate tends to vibrate and percussively contact the tines and/or the connector body. One drawback is that abnormal noise may emanate from the connector. To reduce or eliminate the noise, movement of the tine plate needs to be restricted in three dimensions.
Merely installing an additional locking mechanism undesirably increases complexity of the connector. By contrast, if there is no clearance in the locking mechanism, excessive interference between the connector body and the tine plate will cause the tine plate to be torsionally or laterally deformed. Accordingly, displacement between the through-holes of the tine plate and receiving holes of the print circuit board may occur. Such displacement can cause insertion failure, and defective soldering when mounting the connector to the printed circuit board, as well as solder cracking due to thermal expansion.


Fillers surface-modified by treatment with an organosilane- and/or organosiloxane-containing agent for preparing filled polyamide compositions.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to organosilane- and/or organosiloxane-containing agents for modifying the surface of fillers and includes their use for preparing filled polyamide compounds. The present invention further relates to surface-modified fillers, to polyamides filled therewith and to products produced on this basis.
2. Background of the Invention
It is known that fillers can be incorporated into polymers. One motive for doing this is cost saving. Some of the expensive polymer can be replaced by low cost extending filler. A further reason is the controlled modification of mechanical properties of the polymer. The filler then becomes a functional filler. This method can give a lasting improvement in the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and flexural strength, of filled polyamide compounds, for example (referred to below as PA compounds).
Use has long been made of aminosilanes, e.g. DYNASYLAN(copyright) AMEO, to obtain relatively high filler levels (U.S. Pat. No. 3,843,591, EP 0136 540 B1). The disadvantage is the poor toughness of PA compounds prepared using aminopropyltrialkoxysilane. A typical PA compound comprises two completely different base components: an inorganic mineral and an organic polymer. The inorganic mineral is generally hydrophilic and has an ionic structure. The organic polymer is usually rather hydrophobic and has a covalent structure. The two base components have different coefficients of expansion, surface tensions, flexural strengths, etc. The greatest incompatibility is found at the interface between the inorganic and organic components. This is usually the point of weakness in a filled PA compound. Modifying the interface with aminoalkoxysilanes gives rise to a bonding bridge and thus to an increase in the strength of the PA compound. Although the aminosilane improves many mechanical properties, this does not apply to impact resistance properties.
Water-based compositions for specific amino-functional silicon compounds, inter alia those known as xe2x80x9cbisaminosilanesxe2x80x9d are disclosed in German Patent Application 199 08 636.2, and these can be used, for example, for modifying the surfaces of glass fibers or mineral fibers, and also for the surface modification or treatment of pigments.
EP 0 518 057 B1 discloses mixtures of vinyl-/alkyl-/alkoxy-containing siloxanes, used as crosslinking agents for thermoplastic polyolefins. Mixtures of aminopropyl-/alkoxy-/alkyl-functional siloxane oligomers are disclosed in German Patent Application 198 49 308.8, where the mixtures are used, inter alia, as coupling agents in filled thermoplastic compounds, in the coating of glass fibers, or else for silanizing fillers or pigments.
Water-based organopolysiloxane-containing compositions are disclosed in European Patent Applications EP 0 716 127 A2, EP 0 716 128 A2 and EP 0 832 911 A1, and these are essentially obtainable by mixing water-soluble aminoalkylalkoxysilanes and, if desired, glycidic-ether- or else methacryloxy-alkylalkoxysilanes with non-water-soluble alkylsilanes followed by acid catalyzed hydrolysis or, respectively, cocondensation with removal of the alcohol of hydrolysis. Compositions of this type, too, can be used for coating glass fibers, or else for silanizing fillers or pigments.
German Patent Application 198 18 923.0 relates to stable compositions of water-soluble amino- and alkenyl-functional organosiloxanes, and to the preparation of these and their use for modifying the properties of pigments or fillers, such as aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, chalk, gypsum, borites, glass fibers, glass beads, carbon black, wollastonite, kaolin, mica or talcxe2x80x94to name just a few examples.
German Patent Application 198 18 924.9 moreover teaches a process for preparing surface-modified fillers by way of treatment with an organosiloxane-containing composition, where, besides OH groups, the organosiloxane has at least one amino-functional group and, if desired, other functional groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, glycidyl ether alkyl, acryloxyalkyl and methacryloxyalkyl. Fillers of this type are used in adhesives, sealing compounds, polymer compounds, paints and surface coatings.
German Patent Application 198 30 128.6 relates to flame retardants whose surface has been modified by treatment with organosilanes and, respectively, with organosiloxanes. Flame retardants of this type are used, inter alia, in polyamides.
DE 199 29 021.0 describes the use of functional organyloranyloxysilanes or cocondensates of these on carriers in cable compounds.
An object of the present invention is to provide another way of preparing polyamides which are filled, strong and impact-resistant.
It has been found that in particular fillers which have been treated with an agent A, B or C, these being specified in greater detail below, give good strength properties together with good impact resistance properties in filled, and in particular kaolin-filled, PA compounds.
In a manner which is surprising and advantageous, good or improved impact resistance in the filled polyamide can be brought about with substantial retention of good strength properties by simultaneous modification of the interface between filler and polyamide (PA) with a component having adhesion-promoting properties, for example an aminosilane, and with a component having lubricant properties, for example an alkylsilane or a polyethersilane or a wax based on polyethylene (PE), polypropylene or silicone.
Agglomerate-free dispersion of the filler in the PA polymer matrix is essential, and this is achieved in a highly satisfactory manner by the use of fillers which are treated with one of the above agents.
Said PA compounds moreover have improved rheology and are therefore easier to compound. This implies further cost savings for the compounder.
The present invention provides organosilane- and/or organosiloxane-containing agents A, B and/or C for modifying the surface of fillers which are used in preparing filled polyamide.
Agent A comprises at least one amino-functional silicon compound of the general formula I
Rxe2x80x94NHxe2x80x94(CH2)3xe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(I)
in which the groups Z are identical or different and Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, x is 0 or 1 and R is a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 3-[N-butylamino]propyltrimethoxysilane, 3-[N-butylamino]propyltriethoxysilane, 3-[N-cyclohexylamino]propyltrimethoxy-silane, or at least one compound known as a xe2x80x9cbisaminosilanexe2x80x9d, preferably xe2x80x9cBis-AMEOxe2x80x9d: [(H5C2O)3Si(CH2)3NH(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3] or xe2x80x9cBis-AMMOxe2x80x9d: [(H3CO)3Si(CH2)3NH(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3], or at least one tertiary aminosilane, such as xe2x80x9cTris-AMEOxe2x80x9d: [(H3CO)3Si(CH2)3]3N, or a mixture made from primary and secondary and/or tertiary aminosilanes and/or aminosiloxanes which are obtainable by hydrolysis, condensation or cocondensation of primary, secondary and/or tertiary aminosilanes, where the average degree of oligomerization of the aminosiloxanes is from 2 to 20.
Agent B comprises i) at least one amino-functional silicon compound of the general formula II
Rxe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(II)
in which the groups Z are identical or different and Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, x is 0 or 1 and R is an amino group of the formula H2Nxe2x80x94[(CH2)2NH]y(CH2)3, where y is 0, 1 or 2, preferably 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AMMO):[H2N(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3], 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AMEO):[H2N(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3], N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DAMO): [H2N(CH2)2NH(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3], or N-aminoethyl-Nxe2x80x2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (TRIAMO): [H2N(CH2)2NH(CH2)2NH(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3], and/or comprises at least one secondary aminosilane, and/or comprises at least one tertiary aminosilane, and comprises ii) at least one alkyl-functional silicon compound of the general formula III
Rxe2x80x2xe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(III)
in which the groups Z are identical or different and Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, x is 0 or 1 and Rxe2x80x2 is a linear or branched or cyclic, if desired fluorine-substituted, alkyl group having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, or comprises at least one alkenyl functional silicon compound of the general formula IV
CH2xe2x95x90CHxe2x80x94(CH2)nxe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(IV)
in which the groups Z are identical or different and Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, x is 0 or 1 and n is an integer from 0 to 20, or comprises a polyether-functional silicon compound of the general formula V
Rxe2x80x94(Oxe2x80x94CH2xe2x80x94CHRxe2x80x2)nxe2x80x94Oxe2x80x94(CH2)mxe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(V)
in which the groups Z are identical or different, Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, R is a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Rxe2x80x2 is a hydrogen atom or a CH3 group, n is an integer from 5 to 20, m is 2 or 3 and x is 0 or 1, and/or if desired, comprises iii) a content of siloxanes which are obtainable by hydrolysis, condensation or cocondensation of compounds of the general formula II, of the secondary aminosilanesxe2x80x94cf. the general formula Ixe2x80x94, of the tertiary aminosilanes, compounds of the general formula III, IV or V, where the average degree of oligomerization of the siloxanes is from 2 to 20.
Agent C comprises i) at least one alkyl-functional silicon compound of the general formula III
Rxe2x80x2xe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(III)
in which the groups Z are identical or different and Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, x is 0 or 1 and Rxe2x80x2 is a linear or branched or cyclic, if desired fluorine-substituted, alkyl group having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and comprises ii) at least one alkenyl-functional silicon compound of the general formula IV
CH2xe2x95x90CHxe2x80x94(CH2)nxe2x80x94Si(CH3)x(Z)3xe2x88x92xxe2x80x83xe2x80x83(IV)
in which the groups Z are identical or different and Z is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group or a chlorine atom, x is 0 or 1 and n is an integer from 0 to 20, and/or comprises, if desired, iii) a content of siloxanes which are obtainable by hydrolysis, condensation or cocondensation of compounds of the general formulae III and IV, where the average degree of oligomerization of the siloxanes is from 2 to 20.
A particular series of secondary amines are compounds known as bisaminosilanes, such as bis-AMMO and bis-AMEO, and also the N-alkylated aminosilanes of the general formula I, preferably 3-(N-butyl-amino)propyltrimethoxysilane (DYNASYLAN(copyright) 1189).
For the purposes of the present invention, bisaminosilanes include those disclosed in DE 199 08 636.2, which also discloses a method for the hydrolysis, condensation or, respectively, cocondensation of primary and secondary aminosilanes. DE 199 08 636.2 also has examples of aminosiloxanes. The entire content of this reference and those listed below is expressly incorporated as part of the disclosure of the present application.
Examples of primary aminosilanes suitable for the present invention are 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AMMO), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AMEO), and N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DAMO).
An example of a tertiary aminosilane is [(H3CO3Si(CH2)3]3N (tris-AMEO).
Mixtures made from primary and secondary and/or tertiary aminosilanes and/or from aminosiloxanes may generally be prepared by adding each of the individual components while mixing thoroughly.
Agents A preferably comprise at least one aminosilane of the general formula II and at least one secondary aminosilane. Particular preference is given to agents with a content of AMEO or AMMO and from  greater than 0 to  less than 100% by weight of bis-AMEO or bis-AMMO as further active component.
Examples of alkylsilanes of formula III are the following compounds: methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), ethyltrimethoxysilane (ETMS), ethyltriethoxysilane (ETES), n-propyltrimethoxysilane (PTMO), n-propyltriethoxysilane (PTEO), and octyltriethoxysilane (OCTEO).
Examples of alkenyl-functional silicon compounds of formula IV are: vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMO), vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEO), and allyltrimethoxysilane.
An example of a polyether-functional silicon compound of formula V which may be used is DYNASYLAN(copyright) 4140, a trimethoxysilyl derivative of a polyethylene glycol.
Examples of other siloxanes for the purposes of the present invention, which are generally obtainable by hydrolysis, condensation or cocondensation of compounds of the formula I or II, or else compounds of the general formula III, IV or, respectively, V, and methods for the preparation of corresponding siloxanes are disclosed, in particular, in European Patents EP 0 518 057 B1, EP 0 716 127 A2, EP 0 716 128 A2, EP 0 832 911 A1, or else in German Patent Application 198 49 308.8. Examples of products included in this group are oligomeric propyltriethoxysilane (VPS 9892), oligomeric vinyltrimethoxysilane (DYNASYLAN(copyright) 6490) and cooligomeric alkyl/vinylsilane (DYNASYLAN(copyright) 6598).
A suitable method for the purposes of the present invention is to use agents B in which i) an aminosilane of the general formula II and ii) at least one alkylsilane of the general formula III or a polyethersilane of the general formula V are present as components, particularly preferably a mixture made from AMEO and MTES or a mixture made from AMEO and DYNASYLAN(copyright) 4140.
Preference is also given to agents B in which i) an aminosilane of the general formula II and iii) oligomers of at least one alkylsilane of the general formula III are present as components, for example a mixture of AMEO and a condensate based on PTEO.
For the purposes of the present invention preference is also given to agents B in which i) an aminosilane of the general formula II and ii) at least one alkenylsilane of the general formula IV are present as components, or in which i) an aminosilane of the general formula II and iii) oligomers of at least one alkenylsilane of the general formula IV are present as components, or in which iii) cooligomers of at least one aminosilane of the general formula II and at least one alkylsilane of the general formula III are present as components, or in which iii) cooligomers of at least one aminosilane of the general formula II and at least one alkenylsilane of the general formula IV are present as components.
For the purposes of the present invention, preference is also given to agents C in which i) an alkylsilane of the general formula III and ii) at least one alkenylsilane of the general formula IV are present as components, and/or which are composed of a cooligomer of components i) and ii).
According to the invention, agent A, B or C is used for the treatment of fillers, where these are in particular used for preparing PA compounds.
The fillers may generally be surface-treated with agent A, B or C by combining the fillers and agent, allowing these to interact, if desired with an increase in temperature, and, if desired, then heat-treating the fillers treated in this way once they have been isolated. The process may in particular be carried out as described in DE 198 18 924.9, and reference is made to DE 198 18 923.0 and DE 198 30 128.6.
The fillers preferably used for the present invention are glass fibers, glass beads, wollastonite, calcined kaolin, mica, talc, magnesium hydroxide, melamine cyanurate, montmorillonite or nanocomposites.
The present invention therefore provides the use of an agent A, B or C for the treatment of fillers, in particular those which are used in preparing filled polyamide.
The present invention also provides surface-modified fillers obtained according to the invention.
The present invention also provides products which comprise at least one filler treated according to the invention, in particular the product known as filled polyamide.
All parts set forth are parts by weight unless otherwise indicated.
Non-exclusive examples of polyamides which may be used in the present invention are those of nylon-6 type (poly-e-caprolactam), nylon-6,6 type (polycondensate made form hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid) or nylon-12 type (poly-12-dodecalactam). An example of commercially available nylon-6,6 is given by the ZYTEL(copyright) product group from DuPont. However, other polyamides may also be filled with the novel fillers.
Suitable amounts of a novel filler to be used in preparing a filled PA compound are from 0.1 to 70% by weight, preferably from 10 to 40% by weight.
A filled PA compound is generally prepared by mixing the polyamide and the coated filler in a compounding kneader. For this, two sets of metering equipment are used to add firstly polyamide pellets and secondly the filler to a mixer heated above the melting point of the polyamide, so that the desired degree of filling can be complied with. The degree of filling generally means the relationship by weight between polyamide and filler, e.g. if there are 60 parts by weight of polyamide and 40 parts by weight of filler in the compound the degree of filling is 40%. The PA compound coming from the mixer is then generally pelletized and may, for example, be injection molded to give semifinished or finished products.
Examples of products ready for use and produced, for example, by injection molding are a wide variety of housings for electrical devices and parts for motor vehicles, e.g. wheel caps and fan housings, to mention just a few.
The filled PA compounds obtainable according to the invention generally have good strength together with good impact resistance.
The present invention therefore also provides polyamide filled according to the invention, and also products based on a polyamide of this type.

Organosilane-and/or organosiloxane-containing agent for filled polyamide


A portable media enhancement device for use with a mobile device for processing one or more media files is provided. The mobile device is located separately from the portable media enhancement device. The portable media enhancement device comprises a docking connection input used to communicate with the mobile device and at least one control module. The control module is configured to establish a connection with the mobile device via the docking connection input and to receive one or more media files from the mobile device. The control module is further configured to decode the one or more media files and post process the one or more media files. The control module is further configured to transmit the decoded and processed media files to the mobile device.

A mobile device provides the convenience of portability and large capacity for storing digital audio, video, and/or image files such as music tracks, movies, voice recordings, multimedia content, and the like. The mobile device may include a central processing unit (CPU) of varying processing power, and often are loaded with features that are intrinsic to the device. The mobile device may be limited to playback certain audio and video files based on file formats that are not compatible with an operating system that controls the device. Such file formats may limit the ability to playback, edit, and/or listen to audio and video files on the mobile device.
Media content sources that provide audio, images, and video files may be stored on the mobile device, streamed from an online server, streamed form a network connection, or content residing on a cloud. The files are typically data-compressed when stored so as to conserve memory space. The quality of playback for the media content files depends largely on the quality of the hardware being utilized to achieve playback of that file on the mobile device.


An electro-optical device includes a display section that has a display region, a plurality of sound-production bodies that are disposed to overlap the display section and produce sound, and a first frame that is disposed between the display section and the sound-production bodies and holds the display section. The first frame forms air spaces for the plurality of sound-production bodies. In the first frame, sound-guiding paths and sound-releasing holes are formed to correspond to the plurality of sound-production bodies, respectively.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to an electro-optical device, such as a liquid crystal display device or the like. Further, the invention relates to an electronic apparatus having such an electro-optical device.
2. Related Art
In recent years, electro-optical devices, such as a liquid crystal display device or the like, have been widely used for an electronic apparatus, such as a portable information terminal or the like. For example, in electronic apparatuses, electro-optical devices are used as display devices for displaying various kinds of information. Electro-optical devices are devices that control optical output states by an electrical input. For example, a liquid crystal display device, an electroluminescent (EL) device, a plasma display device, and other devices may be considered.
The above-described electro-optical device is primarily used to display various kinds of information as images in an electronic apparatus. In the electronic apparatus, a unit for producing sound needs to be provided, in addition to such an image display unit. For example, in a cellular phone, the content of a person's speech needs to be expressed by sound. Such a unit for producing sound is constituted by a sound-production body, such as a speaker or the like. An electronic apparatus having both the electro-optical device and the sound-production body has been known. Further, an electronic apparatus having a plurality of sound-production bodies has been known (for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication Nos. 2003-078601 and 2003-158787).
In electronic apparatuses according to the related art, the electro-optical device and the plurality of sound-production bodies are provided at different places in a case of the electronic apparatus. In this case, if the electro-optical device and the plurality of sound-production bodies are disposed to overlap each other in a thicknesswise direction of the electronic apparatus each other, the thickness of the electronic apparatus may be excessively increased. In recent years, the demand for the reduction in thickness of the electronic apparatus is increasing, and thus, in order to prevent the thickness of the electro-optical panel from being increased, it has been considered that the electro-optical device and the sound-production body are disposed not to overlap each other. In this case, however; the planar shape of the electronic apparatus is increased, and thus the electronic apparatus cannot be reduced in size.
Further, when the sound-production body is provided in the electronic apparatus, acoustic design in the vicinity of the sound-production body must be performed after the. electro-optical device is provided in the electronic apparatus. For this reason, the electronic apparatus cannot be reduced in size and thickness.

Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus


A system and method are disclosed for measuring signal crosstalk in an electronic circuit device or Integrated Circuit (IC) device, correlating the results with modeled information, and accurately identifying one or more levels of coupling noise in the device. For example, a system is disclosed that provides data on levels of crosstalk between conductive lines in a device. The system uses programmable victim and aggressor lines, programmable drive capability, and programmable loading through one or more known crosstalk structures to compare an output signal with a reference signal and accurately identify one or more levels of coupling noise in the device.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to the electronic circuit test field, and more particularly, but not exclusively, to a system and method for programmable signal integrity testing to identify levels of coupling noise in an electronic circuit such as, for example, a packaged electronic circuit device or semiconductor Integrated Circuit (IC) device.
2. Description of Related Art
In the design and manufacture of electronic circuit devices or IC devices including, for example, Application Specific IC (ASIC), Large-Scale IC (LSIC), or Very Large-Scale IC (VLSIC) devices, a significant problem encountered with such devices is that the input and output terminals of the logic circuit units (e.g., circuit cells, blocks, etc.) in the devices are interconnected with metallic wiring or other forms of conductive lines. Consequently, the very high integration and mounting densities required of the circuit cells, blocks and wiring in such devices create significant levels of signal crosstalk or coupling noise. Signal crosstalk and coupling noise are derived from signal interference in electronic circuit devices or IC devices, which is caused by the close proximities of the connecting wires or conductors throughout the device. Signal crosstalk and coupling noise have a major effect on the performance, signal integrity and reliability of the circuit devices involved. Also, signal crosstalk and coupling noise problems are exacerbated in high speed and very large-scale circuit devices.
Currently, levels of signal coupling between multiple layers of metal or other conductive materials in a circuit device can be difficult to quantify with any reasonable degree of accuracy. For example, no technique currently exists that can be used to measure signal crosstalk in a circuit device and correlate the results to estimated modeling information in order to identify levels of coupling noise in the device. Thus, it would be advantageous to have a system and method that can measure signal crosstalk in an electronic circuit device or IC device, correlate the results to modeled information, and accurately identify one or more levels of coupling noise in the device involved. As described in detail below, the present invention provides such a system and method.

System and method for signal integrity testing of electronic circuits


A blister pack and package including such blister pack is described which provides for package stability and self-indexing in relation to adjacently aligned packages. The blister pack is configured to include at least one compartment for enclosing an article, and an outward projecting portion or foot in the bottom portion of the blister pack. The foot is configured to have a width, depth and height sufficient to allow the package to be freestanding and self-indexing. The package is especially suited for use in a merchandise point-of-sale display including a pressure applicator for maintaining displayed packages in a forwardmost position in the display when one or more packages are removed from the display. The foot provides for a predetermined stable spacing during packaging and while in storage and on display, and provides for self-indexing, i.e. maintenance of proper spacing, when a pressure applicator moves the aligned packages forward in a display.

Blister-type packages are popular for storing and displaying products for sale. The packages generally include (1) a transparent plastic sheet material preformed into a blister pack which conforms to the shape of a product to be enclosed in the package and (2) a backing, flexible film or display card which is secured to the blister pack and thereby encloses the product. The packages are popular in that they are inexpensive, allow for visual inspection of the product and provide a background surface for imprinting to provide labels which provide product information and an attractive appearance. Blister packages can be hung for display or stacked on a support surface for display, such as a shelf.
Stacking blister packages on support surfaces, however, has certain disadvantages. For example, when a shelf space is completely stocked with product-containing blister packages, the packages are readily visible to and reachable by a consumer. However, as packages are removed from a shelf display, packages become less visible since they are spaced back from the front of the display area. Additionally, when closely stacked, conventional blister packages can be crushed and/or easily topple over resulting in a messy display. Personnel time is then required for restocking and/or reorganizing the display. To overcome this deficiency, many stores now use some means to move the packages forward on the display surface as packages are removed. One manner of providing movement forward is referred to as automated facing and utilizes a spring device or other pressure applying device pressed against the last package in a row of aligned packages which causes the package(s) to move forward into an empty space provided when a package is removed from the display. Due to the pressure applied, however, conventional blister packages tend to be unstable causing them to crush together and/or fall over resulting in a messy display or a display in which it is hard to remove a package or to reinsert a package once removed. Accordingly, a package may not be displayed properly or in good condition resulting in nonconsideration of the product by a consumer and thus a missed sale. With automated facing, therefore, a manufacturer is required to utilize a sturdier, more expensive packaging and/or a retailer must expend increased personnel time to maintain a properly oriented display.
Accordingly, a need exists to provide a blister package which is stable in storage and on display, in particular when used with a pressure applicator which moves packages into a forward visible position when displayed on a support surface. Stability in terms of both the ability to be freestanding and to provide self-indexing upon forced movement would be extremely beneficial.

Display package with stabilizing and indexing means


A gun case with retractable legs includes a gun case that has a top and a bottom and is capable of enclosing a gun. A frame is connected to the bottom of the gun case. The frame has an upper end and a grounded end, a first leg and a second leg are pivotally held at a pivot point to the frame. Each leg has a pivoted end, pivotally attached to the frame, and a foot. Each leg is movable from a closed position, wherein it lies against the bottom of the gun case, to an open position, wherein it is pivoted away from the bottom of the gun case and the foot of the first leg being moved away from the foot of the second leg.

The present invention relates generally to the field of soft sided gun cases with retractable legs.
Gun cases, particularly soft sided gun cases, are the standard means for sportsmen to carry firearms from one location to another. Once the sportsman arrives at his destination, however, these cases often fail to protect the firearm adequately. When the case is laid on the ground, in a blind, or in a boat, it may offer little protection from standing water, rain, dirt, and other hazards. Leaning a gun case, particularly a soft gun case, against the side of a blind or boat is an unstable proposition at best, and leaves the firearm subject to damage when the case slips and falls. In that position, it is far too easy for an excited dog or clumsy boot to knock over. In addition, a sportsman may need ready, immediate access to the firearm. It is not a practical matter to hold a firearm during every moment in the field. The weather may be too cold, or other tasks may need to be performed yet the sportsman may need ready access to the firearm. A gun case laying on the ground or in the bottom of a boat is not readily accessible when the sportsman is looking to the sky at a flock of approaching geese.
Firearms stands are commonly available at many shooting ranges. Such stands are convenient for temporary storage of firearms between shooting events. However, such stands are typically not portable and offer little or no protection to the firearm from the elements.
Thus, there is a need for a gun case that retains the easily transportable properties of traditional gun cases, yet affords ready access to the firearm in a stable, upright position, significantly reducing the likelihood of damage from falling, and increasing the accessibility of the firearm.

Soft sided gun case with retractable legs


A video indexing method, a video indexing apparatus, and a computer readable medium are disclosed. The video indexing apparatus comprises a generation module, a calculation module and a construction module. The generation module generates a frame movement analysis graphics according to a plurality of analysis points corresponding to a plurality of video frames of a video record. The calculation module calculates a plurality of frame movement velocities corresponding to the video frames according to the frame movement analysis graphics. The construction module constructs an indexing graphics of the video record according to the frame movement velocities.

Along with the continual decrease in price and rapid development in the image capturing technique, mobile devices, such as smart phones, digital video recorders, and digital cameras, allowing user to generate, store and view image data have become so popular that almost everyone gets one. With a mobile device, everyone can become a producer and a user of multimedia data. In recent years, event data recorder has become an emerging mobile video recording device. Event data recorders provide effective evidence for clarifying responsibilities of an accident, and have gradually become an essential device to vehicles.
An event data recorder records whatever and whoever encountered during the trip. Therefore, whenever a traffic accident occurs, the police will collect the videos recorded by any event data recorders passing through the accident site on the same day to benefit the investigation of the accident. In general, most traffic surveillance cameras are installed near the intersections. The videos recorded in event data recorders can provide evidence for the investigation of traffic accidents not occurring near the intersections. However, adjacent video frames of original video records taken by event data recorders have high redundancy. Since the data volume is huge, a tremendous amount of labor and time would be required to check video to locate relevant segments if the huge volume of data is not appropriately processed in advance.
Mainly, there are two methods for constructing street views based on the analysis of images taken by mobile devices. The first construction method reconstructs street views with relevant images and data taken and collected by video recorders, laser devices, and GPS devices installed at transport vehicles such as SUVs, sedans, tricycles, and snowmobiles. The second construction method reconstructs street views with vertical strips continuously taken from the frames taken by video recorder installed on a lateral side of a vehicle. The second construction method is based on the assumption that the vehicle is moving at a constant speed.

Video indexing method, video indexing apparatus and computer readable medium

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE


A phase lock loop RF modulator system including a phase lock loop circuit having a phase detector circuit responsive to an input reference signal and a feedback signal, an oscillator circuit responsive to the phase detector circuit for providing an output signal, a forward path from the phase detector circuit to the oscillator circuit, and a feedback path from the oscillator circuit to the phase detector circuit. The system also includes a first modulation port coupled to the feedback path, a second modulation port coupled to the forward path, and a gain mismatch detection circuit responsive to modulation data and a phase error between the reference signal and the feedback signal for providing an indicator output signal that represents the gain mismatch between the first modulation port and the second modulation port.

Conventional IQ modulator systems used to generate phase/frequency modulated data typically include a Cartesian up converter that employs a local oscillator in the form of a PLL. These systems typically require at least an RF quadrature generator, two RF mixers and two digital-to-analog converters. These systems are fairly complicated, expensive, require a lot of power, and utilize significant die area.
A more efficient way to generate modulation signals utilizes the fine phase/frequency control available with a fractional-N PLL. However, when a conventional fractional-N PLL is utilized at higher data rates, the noise, e.g., quantization noise, introduced by the increased bandwidth of the fractional-N PLL degrades modulation quality. The loop filter of the fractional-N PLL also has the conflicting requirement that it needs to act as a high bandwidth filter to accommodate high data rates and as a low bandwidth filter to remove quantization noise.
One conventional technique that attempts to increase modulation bandwidth beyond the loop bandwidth of the PLL while reducing unwanted noise includes two-port modulation. A typical conventional two port PLL RF modulator system includes a first modulation port introduced at the N-divider circuit that is responsive to modulation data and has a low pass bandwidth characteristic. A second modulation port, also responsive to modulation data, is typically introduced between the loop filter and the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The second modulation port has a high pass characteristic that allows the PLL to accommodate higher data rates. The system attempts to match the gain of the two modulation ports in such a way that the data is not bandwidth limited.
Typically, the gain associated with the first modulation port is relatively predictable due to its digital nature. However, the gain associated with second modulation port is often not as expected due to manufacturing processes, temperature variations, supply voltage variations, and the like, of the various components of the PLL. Hence, the gain of the second modulation port will typically not match the gain of the first modulation port, causing the PLL loop gain to vary significantly resulting in system malfunctioning. Therefore, accurate calibration of the PLL loop gain and/or the gain of the second modulation port is needed.
Conventional PLL RF modulator systems and methods that attempt to overcome the problem associated with gain matching of the modulation ports of a two-port PLL RF modulator often utilize a measure and adjust approach. The PLL is programmed to one frequency and the input control voltage of the VCO is measured to provide an estimate of the loop gain of the PLL. The PLL is then programmed to a second frequency and the input control voltage is measured again. The measured voltage difference is then used typically in a look-up table to set the correct modulation gain of the second modulation port. However, these conventional systems provide no feedback and cannot determine if the gain adjustment is compensated as required. The systems require at least a one time calibration that requires taking the system offline which is cumbersome and expensive. Once set, the system can go out of adjustment and/or change due to temperature variations and the like. Yet another conventional PLL RF modulator that utilizes the benefits of feedback samples the VCO output in quadrature. The design requires an additional loop placed around the PLL which compares the output RF phase with an estimate of the desired phase due to the data and the channel to correct the loop gain variation. The drawback of this design is the need for RF phase sampling and quadrature, which is expensive and complicated.
Once the loop gain of a PLL RF modulator system is calibrated, a technique known as pre-emphasis can be utilized to increase the modulation bandwidth. Pre-emphasis employs a digital filter responsive to the modulation data which is constructed with the inverse transfer function of the low pass PLL transfer function. The output of the digital filter is typically input to the first modulation port. One advantage of the digital filter is that it generates less noise. Other advantages of a digital filter are known by those skilled in the art. However, the digital filter must match the PLL response.


A heat-shrinkable bag generally includes a multilayer, coextruded, oriented, tubular film, the film comprising an inner, gas-permeable portion and an outer, substantially gas-impermeable portion peelably adhered to the inner portion at a peel force ranging from about 0.001 to about 2.5 pounds/inch.

The present invention relates to packaging for products, such as food products, that are initially enclosed under certain environmental conditions in a gas-impermeable, heat-shrunk bag. The bag includes an outer, gas-impermeable portion that peelably delaminates (i.e., delaminates upon peeling) to expose an inner, gas-permeable portion, thereby causing a change in the environmental conditions within the package. More specifically, the invention relates to such packaging for fresh red meat and poultry products.
Historically, large sub-primal cuts of meat have been butchered and packaged in each supermarket. This arrangement has long been recognized to be inefficient and expensive. It would instead be preferable to butcher and package the meat at a central processing facility which benefits from economies of scale, and then ship the packaged meat to individual supermarkets or other retail outlets such as is done, for example, with many poultry products. It is believed that central processing of meat would also lead to a higher quality, more sanitary product with a longer shelf-life than meat which is butchered and packaged in individual supermarkets.
Fresh red meat presents a particular challenge to the concept of centralized processing and packaging due to its oxygen-sensitivity. Such oxygen-sensitivity is manifested in the shelf-life and appearance (color) of a packaged meat product. For example, while a low-oxygen packaging environment generally increases the shelf-life of a packaged meat product (relative to meat products packaged in an environment having a higher oxygen content), red meat has a tendency to assume a purple color when packaged in the absence of oxygen or in an environment having a very low oxygen concentration, i.e., below about 5% oxygen. Unfortunately, such a purple color is undesirable to most consumers, and marketing efforts to teach the consumer about the acceptability of the purple color have been largely ineffective. When meat is exposed to a sufficiently high concentration of oxygen, e.g., as found in air, it "re-blooms" to a bright red color which most consumers associate with freshness. After 1 to 3 days of such exposure, however, meat assumes a brown color which, like the purple color, is undesirable to most consumers (and indicates that the meat is beginning to spoil).
Thus, in order to effectively butcher and package meat products in a central facility for distribution to retail outlets, the meat would desirably be packaged, shipped, and stored in a low-oxygen environment for extended shelf-life, and then displayed for consumer sale in a relatively high-oxygen environment such that the meat is caused to re-bloom to a red color just before being placed in a retail display case. While in the retail display case, the meat product is desirably contained in a package which protects it from microbial and other contamination. In order to attain the maximum economic benefit from centralized packaging, the package in which the meat product is displayed for consumer sale is the same package in which the meat product is initially packaged and shipped from the central processing facility. As can be appreciated, centralized butchering and packaging of fresh red meat presents a number of difficult packaging challenges.
A variety of packages have been developed in an effort to overcome the foregoing challenges. One class of such packages is known as "vacuum skin packaging," in which a product to be packaged has traditionally been placed on a supporting member, such as a rigid or semi-rigid tray, and essentially serves as a mold for a thermoformable film which is formed about the product and adhered to the tray by means of heat and differential air pressure. Virtually all of the air is evacuated from the interior of the package so that the film conforms very closely to the contour of the packaged product (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. Re. 30,009 (Purdue et al.) and 5,346,735 (Logan et al.), the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference). When used to package fresh red meat products, it is necessary for both the film formed around the product and the support member to present a barrier to the passage of gases therethrough, particularly oxygen such as is found in air, which are detrimental to the shelf or storage life of fresh red meat. The thermoformed film generally includes both a gas-permeable film in contact with the product and a substantially gas-impermeable film which is peelably adhered to the gas-permeable film so that the gas-impermeable film may be peelably removed from the gas-permeable film, thereby allowing the meat product to re-bloom to the customer-preferred red color, e.g., at retail, while still being protected from dust, dirt, and other contaminates by the remaining gas-permeable film.
While traditional vacuum skin packaging as described above has proven to be advantageous for many packaging applications, difficulties in peeling the gas-impermeable film from the gas-permeable film can occur when the packaged meat product has a relatively high profile or is relatively bulky, such as, e.g., fresh beef roasts, in comparison with smaller cuts of meat such as steaks. For such high-profile meat cuts, a different type of "re-bloomable" package has been developed in which the meat product is first placed into a gas-permeable pouch and then the interior of the pouch is evacuated and the pouch is sealed closed. The sealed gas-permeable pouch with the meat product therein is next placed into an outer, gas-impermeable pouch, and a second vacuum and sealing step is performed to enclose the gas-permeable pouch within the gas-impermeable pouch. When it is desired to display the meat product for customer purchase at retail, the outer pouch is opened and the inner, gas-permeable pouch is placed in a display case after the meat product has re-bloomed (by virtue of oxygen contact with the meat via the gas-permeable inner pouch). While such a package avoids the peeling difficulties attendant with vacuum-skin packaging of high-profile meat cuts, other problems are encountered. It is desired for the inner pouch to be tightly contoured to the surface of the meat product. This is both for aesthetic reasons and to minimize purge, i.e., unsightly juices from the meat which otherwise collect between the meat surface and interior surface of the inner pouch. It has been found, however, that the second vacuum step causes the inner pouch to assume a looser fit about the meat product, thereby allowing purge to accumulate between the meat product and pouch. Not only is such a condition commercially unacceptable from an aesthetic standpoint, but the amount of time that the meat product stayed in bloom was found to decrease from the normal three-day period to approximately one day. Moreover, from a packaging standpoint, the two-step vacuum and sealing operation is an unacceptably long and cumbersome process.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a re-bloomable package for high-profile meat products which avoids the foregoing shortcomings of coventional packages.

Oriented, tubular film and heat-shrinkable, peelable bag for vacuum skin packaging


The invention relates to a component for fastening a profile washer to a edge strip of a sheet which is surrounded by a groove in the profile washer. When assembled, a resilient metal clamp (1) surrounds with two legs (2,3) the edge strip. An intermediate layer (6,26) of a lower level of hardness is provided between the metal bracket (1) and the edge strip. The distance between the legs (2,3) lessens in the end regions (4,5) thereof, and widens again at the ends thereof.

This invention relates to an element for fixing a profiled seal to the edge strip of a metal sheet, which edge strip is embraced by a groove in the profiled seal.
In vehicle construction in particular, profiled seals are frequently placed on the edge strips of metal sheets. In order to increase the holding force, tongues oriented towards the metal sheet edge are provided in the groove which is provided for the metal sheet edge. However, the holding forces which can thereby be attained are not sufficient for all specific applications, and are insufficient for low metal sheet thicknesses in particular.
A device which comprises continuous clamping strips for the mounting of decorative and sealing strips on a supporting flange has become known from German Patent Publication No. 1,575,105. This device is completely embedded in an extensible coating material, which may be made of plastics or rubber. However, when a device such as this is pushed on to the edge the coating material which is situated inside the clamping strip can be damaged, so that firstly the metal support can cause damage to the lacquer and secondly the damaged areas of the coating material can be further torn open under subsequent stress.

Component for fastening a profiled seal to the edge of a metal sheet