A condensate pan assembly comprises a first condensate pan and a second condensate pan. The first condensate pan has a first side and a second side. The second condensate pan has a top side and a bottom side. The bottom side of the second condensate pan is configured to receive the first side of the first condensate pan.

The present invention relates to an evaporator assembly configured to be used in a vertical or horizontal coil orientation. More particularly, the present invention relates to an evaporator assembly having a vertical condensate pan attachable to a horizontal condensate pan.
In a conventional refrigerant cycle, a compressor compresses a refrigerant and delivers the compressed refrigerant to a downstream condenser. From the condenser, the refrigerant passes through an expansion device, and subsequently, to an evaporator. The refrigerant from the evaporator is returned to the compressor. In a split system heating and/or cooling system, the condenser may be known as an outdoor heat exchanger and the evaporator as an indoor heat exchanger, when the system operates in a cooling mode. In a heating mode, their functions are reversed.
In the split system, the evaporator is typically a part of an evaporator assembly coupled with a furnace. However, some cooling systems are capable of operating independent of a furnace. A typical evaporator assembly includes an evaporator coil (e.g., a coil shaped like an "A", which is referred to as an "A-frame coil") and a condensate pan disposed within a casing. An A-frame coil is typically referred to as a "multi-poise" coil because it may be oriented either horizontally or vertically in the casing of the evaporator assembly.
During a cooling mode operation, a furnace blower circulates air into the casing of the evaporator coil assembly, where the air cools as it passes over the evaporator coil. The blower then circulates the air to a space to be cooled. Depending on the particular application, an evaporator assembly including a vertically oriented A-frame coil may be an up flow or a down flow arrangement. In an up flow arrangement, air circulated upwards, from beneath the evaporator coil assembly, whereas in a down flow arrangement, air is circulated downward, from above the evaporator coil assembly.
Refrigerant is enclosed in piping that is used to form the evaporator coil. If the temperature of the evaporator coil surface is lower than the dew point of air passing over it, the evaporator coil removes moisture from the air. Specifically, as air passes over the evaporator coil, water vapor condenses on the evaporator coil. The condensate pan of the evaporator assembly collects the condensed water as it drips off of the evaporator coil. The collected condensation then typically drains out of the condensate pan through a drain hole in the condensate pan.

Vertical condensate pan with non-modifying slope attachment to horizontal pan for multi-poise furnace coils


In the master control unit, updated information is transferred to a slave control unit and a coherence of information between the master control unit and the slave control unit is periodically checked, thereby eliminating a difference of the internal information of the two units which execute a control, a status monitor, and a maintenance of a computer system in an on-line manner and guaranteeing the coherence. When the master control unit recognizes a difference between the information for a predetermined time or more, the slave control unit is halted and the information of the master control unit is made effective. With respect to an abnormality of the master control unit, the master control unit halts by itself. In this instance, the slave control unit is shifted to the master status and takes over the process.

The invention relates to a system control apparatus for performing control, status monitoring; and maintenance of a computer system of high reliability in an on-line manner. More particularly, the invention relates to a system control apparatus having a double construction in which a system is not stopped by the double construction.
Hitherto, in a large computer system, there is provided a system control apparatus for performing control of a power source of the computer system and activation and stop of component equipment, status monitoring, and further maintenance in an on-line manner. In recent years, the development of a computer system of a high reliability which can avoid a stop of the system by multiplexing computer functions in parallel has progressed. With respect to a system control apparatus which is used for such a high reliable computer system, it is also considered to construct the system control apparatus so as to have a double construction so as not to cause the stop of the computer system by the stop of the system control apparatus.
According to the double construction of the conventional system control apparatus, one system control apparatus is made operative as a daily-use apparatus and the other system control apparatus is set to a standby state as a spare apparatus. If an abnormality occurs in the daily-use apparatus, the apparatus is switched to the spare apparatus and the processes are taken over. In such a system control apparatus with a double construction (using the daily-use apparatus and the spare apparatus is, when an abnormality occurs in the daily-use apparatus, in order to activate the spare apparatus, various information regarding the control, status monitor, and maintenance of the computer system which are possessed by the daily-use apparatus which caused the abnormality has to be taken over as they are. Therefore, after the daily-use apparatus is stopped due to an abnormality, the taking-over of the various kinds of information cannot be guaranteed. Eventually, the computer system is stopped, the spare apparatus is used, and the computer system has to be activated from the beginning. As a method of solving the above problem, there is a method of a double construction in which two system control apparatuses are operated in parallel so as to execute exactly the same processes. In this case, even if one system control apparatus stops, since the other system control apparatus is normally operating, the the computer system is not caused to stop. However, in the two system control apparatuses which simultaneously operate in parallel, when a difference occurs in the information regarding the control, status monitoring, and maintenance of the computer system, it is unknown that the control, status monitoring, maintenance, and the like of the computer system should be executed on the basis of which information. In this case, a method of judging that the computer system has mainly been operated on the basis of the information of which one of the two system control apparatuses and using the information that is considered to be correct is also considered. Since a probability about whether the information is correct or not is fifty--fifty, there is a problem such that the reliability due to the double construction cannot be sufficiently guaranteed.

System control apparatus including a master control unit and a slave control unit which maintain coherent information


A hydraulic soft-start system includes a first flow restricting orifice and a flow control valve both being in fluid communication with a pressure source and an inlet of a motor. Also provided is a second flow restricting orifice disposed between a pilot for actuating the flow control valve and the inlet of the motor. A first flow is passed from the pressure source via the first orifice to an inlet of the motor, placing the motor in a partially-actuated state. The flow control valve is actuated after a threshold pressure of the pilot is reached allowing a second flow to pass from the pressure source to the motor inlet. The second flow is higher than the first flow, thereby placing the motor in a fully-actuated state.

The present application generally relates to the field of hydraulic power systems. In particular, the present application pertains to equipment capable of gradually engaging and/or driving a hydraulic motor (e.g., soft start systems).
In general, prior art hydraulic starting systems for starting a hydraulic motor involved the use of a primary flow control valve that slowly or partially opened to regulate the initial pressure and/or fluid flow to a hydraulic motor to be driven.
One problem associated with such prior art "soft start" systems is that they are not efficient in the use of the hydraulic fluid. For example, as the primary control valve is slowly opened, the pressure and flow is generally proportionally increased until the pressure and flow supplied to the hydraulic motor to be driven is adequate to begin to drive the motor and any load that may be applied to the motor. From the time of initial engagement of any and all intermediate transmission components and the actual rotation of the motor, any fluid pressure and flow that is bypassed or leaking through the system components is not producing any work. Thus, this lost fluid pressure and flow is directly attributable to the inefficiencies of such prior art systems.
This can be a particular concern in systems with a limited pressure reserve for powering a hydraulic motor for a limited period of time (e.g., a hydraulic accumulator based pressure source for starting an engine, etc.). As the primary flow valve(s) is/are throttled from a closed position to an open position, fluid pressure and flow are lost in the time it takes the flow and pressure to achieve a level necessary to engage and/or rotate the hydraulic motor (e.g., for purposes of starting an engine). As such, the fluid is less efficiently used during the time it takes the valve to go from fully closed to fully open, ultimately resulting in less work being performed by the motor (e.g., less cranking cycles available for hydraulically starting an engine).
Another problem which exists in these prior art systems, is that the various valves (e.g., relief valves, control valves, etc.) and/or other charging components are separated such that numerous individual connections must be made between these components using additional hydraulic lines and connectors. This increases not only the cost of such a system, but also the failure rate of the system, the potential for leaks, and the introduction of contaminants, etc.
Yet another problem which exists in the prior art, is that temperature fluctuations often create performance variations in the ability of the system to properly engage and/or start a hydraulic motor to be driven. As such, consistent and effective operation of such systems can be problematic when the system is subjected to fluctuating ambient conditions.
For at least these reasons, a need exists to provide an improved hydraulic soft start system which overcomes the aforementioned problems and others.


Embodiments of a portable propulsion facilitation device and system for a marine vessel provide a rechargeable power source and a removable trolling motor mounting base securable to a marine vessel. In various embodiments, the power source employs rechargeable batteries that are secured within a cover. The device can include an access door that permits a user to access the power source when removal or replacement is necessary. The power source can be maintained within a housing of a trolling motor or one or more housings secured to the mounting base. In various embodiments, the mounting base is integrated with, or attachable to, one or more tubes, wherein the tube(s) can be secured and/or placed in a traditional fishing rod holder or other opening on the vessel. A trolling motor can be secured to the mounting base.

Trolling motors are often employed on marine vessels as a simple and relatively quiet way to manipulate a vessel slowly when fishing and/or when in shallower waters. Currently, trolling motors share a traditional solution for delivering power to the trolling motor. Power is delivered from a traditional marine battery by running wires from the battery(s) that are permanently mounted in the vessel to a connection from the trolling motor mount that is essentially permanently mounted to the bow deck area.
Removal of a trolling motor is desirable on occasion for many reasons. For example, a boat operator may desire to remove a trolling motor for security purposes and/or when a trolling motor is not needed. In recent times, larger trolling motors have been employed on larger marine vessels where trolling motors have not traditionally been employed, as these trolling motors can be controlled or controllable by geo-positioning systems (GPS) when the larger vessels are fishing offshore, for example, and operators do not wish to employ traditional engines or an anchor for that purpose. It is therefore becoming of increasing importance and desirability to be able to remove trolling motors when not in use.
While it is possible to remove a mounting bracket supporting a traditional trolling motor, such removal can require multiple tools and is awkward and time consuming. As a separate problem, it is possible for the battery or batteries of the trolling motor to lose charge, particularly if the vessel is dormant over a certain period. Re-charging the battery or batteries often requires removing the battery or batteries from the vessel.
The present disclosure provides a power source that employs rechargeable batteries making the trolling motor and power source an integrated system. The power source can be secured within a cover for a trolling motor compartment and/or within one or more covers or boxes on a trolling motor mounting base, with an access door that permits a user to access the power source when removal or replacement is necessary. The battery or batteries can be provided in different voltages based on the power need of the trolling motor. In various embodiments, the cover houses a power pack docking station for the removable battery or batteries. Recharging can be accomplished using a 110V AC to 12V charging unit or similar unit, for example. In various embodiments, an onboard charging station is provided to permit charging the propulsion power source on the vessel itself.
In various embodiments, the presently disclosed device and system further provide a removable flat trolling motor mounting base integrated with, or attachable to, one or more tubes, wherein the tube(s) can be secured and/or placed in a traditional fishing rod holder or other opening on the vessel. In various embodiments, the mount includes one main tube in a standard size to fit a traditional rod holder with a substantially flat platform or surface onto which a trolling motor can be mounted. One or more stabilizing bolts can be provided on the flat surface and can attach to the vessel's bow deck or gunwale via a threaded head stainless steel button bolt receiver or other receiver. The bolt receiver may be permanently mounted on the bow deck and the stabilizing bolt(s) can be inserted into the threaded bow deck button bolt receiver to secure and stabilize the mount.
In various embodiments where a rod holder or similar opening is not available on the vessel, the mount can be secured to the vessel in other ways such as through stabilizing bolts and threaded receivers such as button receivers as described herein. Using the device and system as described herein permits the safe and easy removal of the trolling motor and portable bracket without the use of tools, while further providing readily available power to the trolling motor without the need for removing any batteries.

Portable propulsion facilitation system, device and method


A cable backplane system includes a backplane having board areas surrounding a connector opening with holes in the board areas along the connector opening. Stiffeners are coupled to corresponding board areas along a front of the backplane. The stiffeners have bores aligned with corresponding holes in the backplane. A cable rack is coupled to the rear of the backplane. The cable rack has a tray with a frame surrounding a raceway and spacers coupled to the tray that hold corresponding cable connectors. The spacers have guide pins extending therefrom that pass through the holes in the backplane into corresponding bores in the stiffeners to position the spacers relative to the stiffeners and the backplane. The cable connectors are received in the connector opening in the backplane and held in position relative to the backplane by the spacers and stiffeners.

The subject matter herein relates generally to a cable backplane system for interconnecting electrical components in a communication system.
Communication systems, such as network systems, servers, data centers, and the like, use large printed circuit boards, known as backplanes, to interconnect midplanes, daughtercards, line cards and/or switch cards. The communication systems use high speed differential connectors mounted to the backplane and high speed differential connectors mounted to the line cards and switch cards to transmit signals therebetween. The backplane interconnects the various connectors using traces along the circuit board.
As the density of the systems increase and requirements for high speed lines increase, the printed circuit boards continue to become larger and the signal integrity inherently degrades as the signals travel further along the entire channel. At least some systems have replaced the traditional backplanes with cable assemblies. The cable assemblies need to be held in predetermined locations for mating with line and switch cards. Packaging of such cable assemblies is difficult, particularly positioning in a condensed structure. Some systems use a backplane board to support and position the cable assemblies, however the backplane boards may be unable to withstand the forces exerted during assembly and mating of the line and switch cards.
A need remains for a cable backplane system that is capable of withstanding high insertion forces of cable connectors and line and switch cards.

Cable backplane system having stiffeners


An interactive risk management system and method for a business or other organization generates a graphic display to the user, through the browser, to display a mapping of processes used in conducting the business or the affairs of the organization and allow the user to selectively view additional data, such as messages describing risks associated with the process selected. The user may navigate thorough and among the processes to access and review associated data, allowing the user to gain information about selected processes and associated risks.

Enterprise reputation risk presents management challenges. Even the finest organization's reputation may suffer serious and even irreparable damage from many disparate causes. Over the past years, risk controls were directed at capital losses arising from trading, market and credit risk. But today, the profound risk which must be identified, mitigated, controlled, and monitored is Enterprise Reputation Risk. Reputation risk, that is the loss of shareholder value resulting from a lack of customer and public confidence in the organization, must be effectively managed.
Reputation risk is very difficult to manage since it may be extremely complex to identify and manage. It requires a coordinated analysis and control of three separate, interrelated risks: business risk, regulatory risk and operational risk. It also requires the identification of sub-risks which may occur throughout any part of an organization: within or between front, back and middle offices, and even between the organization and outsource providers. It also requires the insertion of key controls and monitors, often in areas which have not been previously identified as key control points.
Few organizations have risk reduction methodologies in place across all areas or for all risk areas. Thus, reputation risk remains. For example, organizations such as banks which will follow the Basel II formula, set forth by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision through the Basel Capital Accord, are already well aware of the limits and complexity of the Basel II methodology. Its principal focus is reducing Operational Risk, and it specifically excludes an analysis of many overlapping areas of risk which give rise to enterprise reputation risk, so the reduction of reputation risk via Basel II is limited.
Business Process Management (BPM) methods also reduce reputation risk, but only to a degree. A high quality BPM methodology yields measures and controls which give to management a set of metrics to manage in a cost effective and process efficient manner. However, BPM is, at heart, directed to cost control and efficiency rather than real risk reduction. In other words, an organization may spend millions on effective BPM and still have substantial exposure to reputation risk.
Thus, effective reputation risk management depends upon identifying risk and control at each process point. However, because of downsizing, rightsizing, mergers, acquisitions, technology implementations, and outsourcing, organizations find an enormous disconnect between their process and controls. For example, the planned control environment instituted at some past time does not conform to the process which has been implemented to meet business and service demands. This means that risk remains in the organization.
Process management and risk reduction may be even more complex for organizations which have implemented Basel II or Business Process Management ("BPM"). Basel II's operational risk definition is very limited and overlapping areas of risk may not be considered in the analysis. This leaves wide gaps and vulnerabilities. In addition, organizations which have implemented BPM may have effectively "mapped processes" and inserted control measures to maximize efficiency and cost reduction, but the underlying analysis of reputation risk factors is rarely accomplished. Thus, in both cases, management is left with a false sense of security.
A need exists for the creation of an ongoing method of effective control and monitoring of process and risk management in an organization.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an interactive risk management system and method to allow a user to navigate from process to process to access and review associated data, to thereby obtain information about selected processes and associated risks.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Interactive risk management system and method


A lighting system for use in a cabin of a vehicle is disclosed, in which when a room lamp for a seat occupied by a passenger is in gradual light reduction due to the passenger getting-in, gradual light reduction of the room lamp is continued even if another door is opened.

The present invention relates to a lighting system for use in a cabin of an automotive vehicle.
JP-A 59-145638 discloses a lighting system for use in a cabin of an automotive vehicle. With this prior art lighting system, a room lamp is turned on by opening any one of doors, and provides gradually reduced light by closing all the doors. Further, when opening the door again, the room lamp is fully lighted even upon turning-off or in gradual light reduction.
With this prior art lighting system, however, even when a passenger gets in, and the room lamp is in gradual light reduction, this room lamp is lighted again when opening the other door. Thus, not only the passenger who has got in sees no purpose to prevent a quick change in intensity of illumination in the cabin by gradual light reduction before turning-off of the room lamp, but he can feel the repetition of turning-on and gradual light reduction of the room lamps to be exceedingly troublesome.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a lighting system for use in a cabin of an automotive vehicle which is capable of carrying out agreeable lighting without a quick change in intensity of illumination.

Lighting system for use in cabin of automotive vehicle


In one embodiment, a system identifies an Internet Protocol (IP) device as a calling party for calls from either a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) portion or a cellular portion of a multi-protocol phone. As a result, return calls to the multi-protocol phone are always sent through an IP device to allow call handling or Single Number Reach (SNR) functionality for the return calls.

This invention relates generally to cellular telephones and more particularly to cellular capable multi-protocol telephones.
Mobile phones use cellular networks operating according to Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) or Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) to send and receive calls. Although these cellular networks are widely accessible, calls made over these cellular networks are generally more expensive and cannot accommodate as many calling features as other types of networks.
In contrast, calls made over other networks such as Internet Protocol (IP) networks used to carry Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) are less expensive and support more extensive calling features than calls made over cellular networks. However, these IP networks are not always as accessible as cellular networks.
Accordingly, multi-protocol telephones have been developed that select which network is used to send or receive a phone call depending on network accessibility. These multi-protocol telephones are generally provisioned with two different telephone numbers to facilitate use with a cellular network and an IP network. When an IP network is accessible, a call is made over the IP network from the VoIP phone number; otherwise the cellular network carries the call made from the cellular phone number.
FIG. 1 shows an example operation of a prior art multi-protocol phone 30. The phone 30 has a cell phone number 96 and a VoIP phone number 97. When the cell phone portion of the phone 30 is used to call endpoint B, the call 98A travels over the cellular network 60. When the VoIP portion of the phone 30 is used to call endpoint B, the call 99 travels over the IP network 61.
Call-handling functions for the multi-protocol telephone 30 are facilitated by call-handling device 15 located at a VoIP service provider for phone 30. In order for the call-handling device 15 to provide these call-handling functions for an active incoming call, the incoming call to the multi-protocol phone 30 must be first received at the call-handling device 15. In other words, call-handling functions cannot be applied to incoming telephone calls directed to the cell phone number 96 for the multi-protocol telephone 30. Moreover, the call-handling device 15 provides Single Number Reach (SNR) functionality that is only available to incoming calls routed through the call-handling device 15.
Although all incoming IP calls are routed through call-handling device 15, incoming calls directly to the cell phone number 96 bypass the call-handling device 15. A problem can occur when the cellular portion of multi-protocol telephone 30 is used to make the call 98A over the cellular network 60 to the endpoint B. The cellular network 60 detects the telephone number 96 for the cellular portion of the multi-protocol telephone 30 and provides that originating telephone number 96 to the endpoint B via a Calling Line Identification (CLI) field. A person at the called endpoint may then use the cellular telephone number 96 provided by the CLI field to make a return call 98B. As a result, the return call 98B bypasses the call-handling device 15 and the multi-protocol phone 30 is denied call-handling features and SNR functionality for the duration of the returned call 98B.
One proposed partial solution requires all outbound mobile calls from the multi-protocol phone to automatically connect with the call-handling device at the VoIP service provider before being delivered to an endpoint. As a result, a call-handling device phone number for the multi-protocol phone is included in a CLI field for the call. The called party can then use the call-handling device phone number located in the CLI field to return the call to the call-handling device for the multi-protocol phone. Solutions involving connecting all outbound calls to the call-handling device are expensive to deploy and generally require new hardware in the cell phone and/or the call handling device. For these and other reasons, such solutions generally have not been accepted by the industry.
It is known that one can use Presentation CLI to allow an enterprise having several employees, each with their own direct telephone number, to make outbound calls that present a toll free "1-800" billing number for the enterprise in a CLI field of the outbound call. For example, a cellular network assigns the billing number to the CLI field of any calls from any of the employees' cellular telephones. This functionality allows the enterprise to mask the employees' telephone numbers so that returned calls are directed to a call center for the billing number. The use of Presentation CLI has generally been limited to the above-described example.
Accordingly, multi-protocol telephones having cellular capability currently do not fully support SNR and do not fully integrate with call-handling functionality. The disclosure that follows solves these and other problems.

Call identification mechanism for multi-protocol telephones


The present invention relates to an odor absorbing composition, which is safe for use on skin, comprising from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight of the composition, of solubilized, water-soluble, uncomplexed cyclodextrin; from about 0.1% to about 36%, by weight of the composition, of an oil phase selected from the group consisting of emollients, moisturizers, skin protectants, and mixtures thereof; one or more surfactants; from about 0.004% to about 2%, by weight of the composition, of a perfume composition; and an aqueous carrier. The odor absorbing compositions of the present invention may also, preferably, contain an effective amount of hydrophobic antimicrobials. The present invention also relates to the odor absorbing compositions deposited on a flexible dispensing means.

Body odor is most commonly caused by fatty acids on skin and by malodors from microbial sources. The human skin is naturally populated with numerous micro-organisms which are nourished by various skin secreted substances (eccrine and apocrine sweat, and sebum), skin cell debris, breakdown products of the skin and the organisms themselves. These unpleasant body odors are mainly organic molecules which have different structures and functional groups, such as amines, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, phenolics, polycyclics, indoles, aromatics, polyaromatics, etc. They can also be made up of sulfur-containing functional groups, such as, thiol, mercaptan, sulfide and/or disulfide groups.
Numerous attempts have been made to control or absorb body odors. Attempts have been made to deprive the microbials responsible for body odor of the moist/humid environment they need to proliferate and grow. Such efforts include the use of powders and/or antiperspirants. Body powders often are undesirable as they may be difficult to apply and may rub or fall off onto clothing. Antiperspirants are not always preferred in a body odor control product since, when used over the entire body, they may interfere with the body's thermal regulatory process by inhibiting perspiration through the action of astringent salts. Additionally, such salts may be irritating to a large number of users, particularly when applying them to sensitive areas such as the pelvic region.
Other deodorant compositions aimed at combating/controlling odor associated with skin secretions, which have been described in the chemical and cosmetic literature, include emulsion sticks or suspensoid sticks, aerosols, roll-ons, pads, pump sprays, and even soap bars. These known deodorants attempt to control odor through a variety of means. For instance, U.S. Pat. No. 5,525,331, to Betts, issued Jun. 11, 1996, discloses compositions which inhibit the growth of micro-organisms in the body-secretions. Deodorants may also include antibacterial compounds which help destroy/control the amount of bacteria present on skin, thereby minimizing odor produced via bacterial metabolism of skin secretions.
Zeolites are known odor absorbers. However, these solid odor absorbers, in addition to known activated charcoal odor absorbers, lose functionality when wet. Therefore, when wetted by body fluids or when carried in an aqueous solution, these odor absorbers are not preferred as they lose their desired odor absorbent characteristics. Furthermore, zeolites can cause "harsh" feel if too much is deposited onto the skin.
In addition to the aforementioned attempts at controlling and/or absorbing body odor, numerous attempts have been made to mask body odors with other odors or perfumes. However, perfumes are often inadequate at fully concealing body odors and may be irritating to the user when used alone for control odor.
Thus, there remains a need for a safe and effective perfumed odor absorbing composition, which is essentially free of astringent antiperspirants, and which is capable of absorbing a broad spectrum of body odors that are not fully suppressed by the aforementioned means. It has been discovered that enhanced body odor control can be safely provided to the entire body by application of a composition, which is left on the skin, which incorporates odor absorbing, uncomplexed cyclodextrins into a two phase solution. Surprisingly, it has been discovered that perfume compositions may be added to the above-mentioned compositions without defeating the body odor absorption utility of the uncomplexed cyclodextrins. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the combination of uncomplexed cyclodextrins with low levels of antimicrobials provides optimal body odor absorbing characteristics.
These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent from the detailed description which follows. All percentages, ratios, and parts herein, in the Specification, Examples, and Claims are by weight unless otherwise stated. The term "g", as used herein, means gram. The term "ml", as used herein, means milliliter. The term "wt", as used herein, means weight.

Perfumed two phase compositions for reducing body odor


A protective data holding vault that includes a module with onboard memory that can be configured as a drive, e.g. flash drive, attached to a machine or apparatus and which securely and protectively holds data associated with the machine or apparatus and a unique identifier thereof. The vault includes a casing with a receptacle in which the module is received and a cover that is sealingly attachable to the casing to cover the receptacle and protect the module in the receptacle. The vault is mounted in a pocket on the machine or apparatus, or a component therefor or thereof, and is linkable to a processor equipped device, such as via a USB link, enabling data stored on the vault to be retrieved and stored offboard providing secure data backup. In one system implementation, data synchronization can be performed to a remotely located storage device with bidirectional data transfer contemplated.

In the past, blueprints and other data related to machines and apparatuses was typically provided in paper form or on a CD-ROM that was shipped with the machine or apparatus. This required a person to keep track of the location of this material and to find it when needed. Unfortunately, this information was often lost or very difficult and time-consuming to find resulting in lost time as well as calls to the manufacturer, supplier or distributor of the machine or apparatus to have them replace the lost information.
What is needed is a device, system and method for helping to ensure such data related to a particular machine or apparatus remains associated with the machine or apparatus and is easily and conveniently accessible.


The present invention is directed to the problem of preventing episodes of “AV Desynchronization Arrhythmia” (AVDA), a dual-chamber pacing behavior that is initiated by a PVC or other ventricular event that is not closely preceded by an atrial depolarization event. If the initiating PVC creates retrograde conduction resulting in an atrial refractory-sensed event, and should the succeeding AP fail to capture due to pacing within the atrial refractory period (ARP) a repetitive AVDA sequence (APineffectual-VP-ARrefractory) can persist for an extended period of time and symptoms of pacemaker syndrome can occur. After AVDA detection, the following may occur: delivered atrial pacing (AP) energy may be (dynamically) increased, a atrial pacing (AP) delay interval may be implemented, a mode-switch may be executed, a patient notification process may begin, a histogram may be recorded or processed, and/or a combination thereof may be used in response the detected AVDA sequence.

Among patients having intact retrograde atrial-ventricular (AV) conduction, PVC or other ventricular events may cause retrograde atrial depolarizations that occur during the postventricular atrial refractory period (PVARP). These atrial depolarization events do not initiate a new AV interval but may render subsequent atrial pacing stimulus ineffectual (i.e., if provided during the physiologic refractory period of the atria). In older cardiac pacing regimens, this phenomenon was dealt with under the general rubric of pacemaker syndrome.
Currently, most cardiac pacing systems have automatic atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT) recognition. Shortly after AT detection such cardiac pacing systems change the operating mode (i.e., perform mode-switching) for example by performing so-called anti-tachycardia "overdrive" pacing (ATP) to halt the AT.
Various methods to safely restore AV synchrony following non-physiologic atrial events (e.g., retrograde p-waves) have been known and used in the art. One approach is to deliver an atrial pace stimulus following a fixed delay (e.g., 300 ms) to allow the refractory myocardial tissue to recover and thereby reduce the risk of provoking an AT by competitive atrial pacing. One pacemaker manufacturer refers to their technique as non-competitive atrial pacing (NCAP), another refers to their technique as atrial synchronization pacing (ASP). The NCAP approach may be adapted to avoid repetitive AVDA sequences by simply extending the NCAP delay following a refractory event (e.g., event deemed non-physiologic). Such an extended delay allows additional time for the excitable atrial myocardial tissue to fully recover. However, the downside to this approach is a significant disruption of the paced rhythm, especially during sensor-driven pacing.
Other intervals timed by a pacemaker or implantable pulse generator (IPG) include atrial and ventricular sense amplifier blanking periods following delivery of atrial and/or ventricular pacing pulses to disable atrial and ventricular amplifier sensing. In addition, sense amplifier refractory periods are timed- or switched-out following atrial and ventricular paced and sensed event signals. Such "refractory" A-sense and V-sense signals are selectively ignored or employed in a variety of ways; for example, to reset or extend time periods or to gather evidence that an arrhythmia is present, and the like. An atrial refractory period (ARP) extends for various time durations through the Sensed AV (SAV) delay or the Paced AV (PAV) delay.
In addition, a post-ventricular atrial refractory period (PVARP) begins at a V-PACE pulse or V-SENSE event. A-SENSE signals occurring during the PVARP are noted (e.g., counted as evidence that an arrhythmia is present) but do not start an AV interval. The rationale for this operation is that such events may be a retrograde atrial sensed (AR) event or an event that is part of an atrial tachycardia episode. In either case, it is not desirable to synchronize ventricular pacing to such events. The duration of the PVARP may be fixed by programming, extended after a PVC, or vary as a function of the pacing or heart rate, with the result that in many cases relatively long PVARPs are in effect at lower rates.

Method to prevent pacemaker induced non-reentrant VA synchrony using adaptive atrial pacing output


The invention relates to a pneumatic tool drive system, comprising a portable pressure source, a valve assembly, a regulating assembly, and a pneumatic assembly. The pneumatic assembly can be any conventional pneumatic device. The pneumatic assembly may be a pneumatic tool, such as, but not limited to, a nail gun, a power sprayer, a torque wrench, and the like. The pneumatic tool drive system gives the operator the freedom to move about his work space free of cumbersome hoses and compressors.

Pneumatic tools and other implements are commonly used in various industrial, residential, automotive and other applications. For example, pneumatic nail-guns and staplers are commonly used in the construction trades, power impact wrenches and lifts are used in automotive repair and maintenance, and power paint sprayers and rollers are used in various paint and finish applications. Various other tasks are or can be performed with the assistance of pneumatic tools and implements.
Known pneumatic tools and implements commonly utilize a pressurized fluid such as air or CO2. In other known systems and methods, a controlled explosion of butane or other hydrocarbon fuel source is utilized as a power source for nail-guns and the like.
Such previously known systems and methods for driving pneumatic tools and implements have been found to have a number of disadvantages. For example, pneumatic drive systems generally require that the tool be connected, typically by a length of hose, to a stationary compressor or the like. This limits the applicability of such systems to applications requiring ease of portability, and presents safety risks and inconveniences resulting from the hoses being stretched through the
workplace, often becoming entangled with other equipment and creating tripping hazards. Butane cartridges, compressors, and other equipment associated with previously known systems and methods also tend to be quite expensive, and/or to require frequent maintenance, adding further expense and inconvenience.
Thus it can be seen that needs exist for improved systems and methods for driving power tools and other implements. It is to the provision of improved systems and methods meeting these and other needs that the present invention is primarily directed.


A system for device customization based on beacon-determined device location is provided. The system comprises: a memory device with computer-readable program code stored thereon; a communication device connected to a network; a processing device, wherein the processing device is configured to execute the computer-readable program code to: establish a beacon device at a beacon location, the beacon device defining a communication range covering an area; determine a device location of a user device; determine that the device location of the user device is within the area of the beacon device at the beacon location; based on determining the user device is within the area, generate a data stream for the user device tailored for the beacon location; and present the data stream to the user device.

Content-based user engagement achieved through streaming or pushing data to user devices continues to increase. Traditional engagement methods tend to canvas all users with generic data streams to encourage engagement, wherein user devices are presented with near-identical information regardless of location. Therefore, there exists a need for an improved system for customized user engagement based on user device location.

System for device customization based on beacon-determined device location


The precise detection of errors in computer programs using the hardware watchpoint mechanism found in computers is disclosed. In one embodiment, a software detection phase of a method detects the approximate location of an error, generating information regarding this approximate location. In this embodiment, a hardware watchpoint phase of the method detects the precise location of the error based on the information generated by the software detection phase, generating information regarding the precise location. Finally, in this embodiment of the invention, a debugger phase of the method identifies the statement in the computer program causing the error, based on the information generated by the hardware watchpoint phase.

The increasing complexity and length of computer programs makes their debugging an arduous process. A computer program may have literally billions of lines of code, any one of which may be responsible for causing an error in the program. When encountering such an error, the computer programmer may be forced to step through the program line by line in order to find the statement in the program causing the error. This manual process results in delays in developing computer programs in a timely fashion, and wastes resources that are better used in writing programs, not debugging them.
An example of an error that may be very difficult to precisely locate is the wild store. A wild store is an error which results when a write instruction of a computer program writes to a table in memory at an improper time or point in the computer program (for example, when the table is locked), or when the write instruction oversteps the boundaries of the table to which it intended to or is permitted to write, and instead writes to a different table in memory. The statement in a computer program causing a wild store is difficult to detect because, in the case where the statement is writing to a table in memory at an improper time, there may be millions of statements that must be manually examined to find the offending statement.
Furthermore, in the case where the statement is overstepping the boundaries of the table to which it is permitted to write, the difficulty in precisely detecting the statement is compounded by the nature of pointers that may be causing such errors. For example, in the C programming language, an array of integers may be defined as int x[50], which gives the array fifty elements 0 . . . 49, and a pointer may be defined as int *p. If at some point in the computer program p==x+50, not necessarily as a result of the statement p=x+50, but as a result of p being incremented in some fashion, p will no longer point within the array x, and the statement *p=5, for example, will result in the storing of the integer 5 outside of the range of the array x (since x+50==&x[50], while x is defined only through x[49]). Thus, in a program of billions of statements, tracking down the statement *p=5 as the statement causing a wild store error outside the boundaries of the array x is difficult and unintuitive.
In the context of supercomputers, proposed solutions for detecting such errors do not in actuality precisely detect the errors. For example, the Cray C90 and Cray T90 supercomputers, available from the Cray Research subsidiary of Silicon Graphics, Inc., headquartered in Eagan, Minn., include a hardware watchpoint mechanism that generates an interrupt when any address within a defined contiguous range of addresses within the memory has been accessed. However, the hardware watchpoint mechanism is itself limited in that it is able to only watch one contiguous range of memory for an entire program, while a given computer program typically defines thousands of tables spanning many different discontiguous ranges of memory. Furthermore, once the hardware watchpoint mechanism is enabled, it generates an interrupt when an address within its defined memory range is accessed regardless of whether the access is proper or improper. Thus, the mechanism cannot be simply enabled and expected to catch a wild store error.
There is a need, therefore, to solve these problems related to the precise detection of errors in computer programs, such as wild store errors. Such a solution should identify the precise statement in a computer program causing a wild store error both in the case where the statement is occurring at an improper time (i.e., the relevant table is locked), and in the case where the statement is overstepping the boundaries of the relevant table (i.e., as may result when using dynamic pointers). Furthermore, the solution should specifically be able to detect precisely an error regardless of the one of different discontiguous ranges of memory to which the error particularly relates, and thus should implicitly be able to distinguish between proper and improper accesses to these tables.

Precise detection of errors using hardware watchpoint mechanism


A process for producing a base oil composition particularly adapted for use in oil-base drilling mud compositions. The process includes contacting drilling waste containing an oil-base mud phase with a solvent to produce a mixture of liquids and solids, separating the two phases, partially evaporating the liquids phase to produce an oil base composition substantially lacking low molecular weight carbon chain compounds and also lacking significant concentrations of benzene, toluene, xylene, and/or ethyl benzene, and having increased closed-cup flashpoint when compared to the oil-base mud phase in the drilling waste. The resulting base oil has enhanced health and safety characteristics for workers interacting with and otherwise exposed to the oil base composition during transporting, conditioning or using such compositions. The base oil produced and drilling methods using the recovered and recycled mud are also described.

During the drilling of a well, for example, for gas or oil, drilling mud is typically pumped down the drill string through a drill bit. The drilling mud simultaneously cools the bit and carries drill cuttings up the well bore. Drilling mud is typically comprised of a fluid (or fluids), and mixture of additives which can be either fluids or solids, forming a useable drilling fluid.
The earliest drilling muds were water base, and, in their simplest form were drill cuttings hydrated with water. As drilling technologies have developed, so have the demands placed on drilling fluids. Several major factors have influenced the development of modern drilling muds, including directional drilling, and production of shale plays.
Oil base muds (OBMs or 'Invert') are now often used to drill oil and gas wells because they have special improved characteristics over other aqueous drilling muds. One of the main advantages of OBMs (as compared to aqueous based muds) is that they address the issue of shale stability. Water base muds can react badly with formation clays and shales, causing them to swell and increase the viscosity of the drilling fluid. This can lead to higher torque on the drill bit, and increase the risk of a drill bit becoming stuck. OBMs largely overcome this issue, which is particularly beneficial as the push toward tight shale based plays and other shale type formations increase in popularity.
Today's drilling muds are required to achieve many functions dependent on many different factors, but broadly classified as:                i. Pressure Control—Required to prevent well blowouts. A blowout occurs when the drilling operation encounters a formation loaded with high pressure gas or liquid which ultimately reaches the surface. A heavy column of drilling fluid serves to prevent migration of formation fluids into the well bore, thereby protecting surface workers. Weighting agents are typically added to the mud to achieve sufficient hydrostatic pressure control, e.g., Barite (BaSO4).        ii. Cuttings Retrieval—Shales, clays and formation debris continually slough off the walls of the well bore and into the drilling fluid. These "cuttings" hinder drilling fluid performance if allowed to accumulate. The accumulation of Low Gravity Solids (LGS) in an active drilling mud system is of significant concern to drilling well operators because they contribute to increased wear of high volume circulating equipment, they can cause the drill string to become differentially stuck in porous formations leading to expensive drilling downtime, and they contribute to reduced rates of drilling penetration, commonly known by those in the industry as the Rate of Penetration (ROP). LGS are continuously removed from the drilling operation by first carrying them to the surface in the mud, followed by removal at the surface. In order to carry the cuttings to the surface using drilling mud, the rheological properties of the drilling fluid are controlled to provide sufficient viscosity and yield strength. Typically, polymer additives are also used to alter the drilling fluid carrying properties. Additives are also used to provide sufficient 'gel strength' such that if the drilling operation has to stop, the mud can still hold cuttings in suspension for a reasonable period of time.        iii. Fluid Loss Control—Drilling fluid losses occur through the walls of the well bore to the formation. These, and other losses, need to be made up for by adding more 'fresh' mud at the surface. Every effort is made to reduce drilling fluid losses, especially to the formation. The ideal drilling fluid forms a thin impermeable cake around the walls of the well, but is easily removed when required. Once the cake forms, it isolates the formation from the drilling fluid, thereby eliminating fluid losses to the formation.        iv. Shale Stability—Water base drilling fluids can interact with shales in a negative way. They can cause shales to swell and become sticky and viscous, causing well bore instability, increased drill torque, and a host of other problems. Oil base muds (OBM's) largely addressed this issue which has helped OBM's gain traction as the preferred base for most modern-day drilling fluids.        v. Bit Lubricity—The drilling mud should simultaneously lubricate and cool the bit.
While oil base muds are not particularly hazardous, they have been known to cause short and/or long term adverse health effects, including but not limited to:                Dermatitis; an irritating skin rash caused primarily by the more aromatic C6 and C8-C14 paraffinic components. It is caused by repeated chronic skin contact.        Cancer; caused by long term skin and lung exposure. BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene), and in particular, benzene, are recognized as some of the most carcinogenic of compounds. They are relatively volatile in invert muds and so make up a disproportionately higher volume in any drilling fluid vapors.
Benzene misting is a phenomenon whereby tiny liquid droplets form near the liquid surface of a drilling fluid. This can occur at any process areas where the drilling fluid is open to atmosphere, and when the fluid is agitated, for example near shale shakers, centrifuge discharges, tops of mud tanks etc. Absorption of BTEX by inhalation and skin contact is more likely at these locations, and therefore extra care is taken to minimize contact.
All OBM's are combustible and will burn with a large energy release if ignited. As such, all OBM's are regarded as potentially combustible.
As ever more additives and base oil technology are developed to satisfy the increasing demands of modern drilling operations, so the cost of producing, operating, and disposing of drilling fluids continues to climb.


Deep trench isolation structures and methods of formation thereof are disclosed. Several methods of and structures for increasing the threshold voltage of a parasitic transistor formed proximate deep trench isolation structures are described, including implanting a channel stop region into the bottom surface of the deep trench isolation structures, partially filling a bottom portion of the deep trench isolation structures with an insulating material, and/or filling at least a portion of the deep trench isolation structures with a doped polysilicon material.

Semiconductor devices are used in a variety of electronic applications, such as personal computers, cell phones, digital cameras, and other electronic equipment, as examples. Semiconductor devices are typically fabricated by sequentially depositing insulating or dielectric layers, conductive layers, and semiconductive layers of material over a semiconductor substrate, and patterning the various layers using lithography to form circuit components and elements thereon, forming integrated circuits.
Some types of integrated circuits utilize deep trenches to isolate adjacent circuit components from one another. The deep trenches may be several micrometers (μm) deep, and are typically filled with an insulating material such as silicon dioxide (SiO2) or other dielectric material, for example. The deep trenches may have a high aspect ratio, e.g., about 10:1 or greater, for example.
Flash memory cell structures in particular can benefit from deep trench isolation, for example. Flash memory cells are typically constructed in a triple well configuration, where the n-doped source and drain regions of the flash memory cells are located in a P well that is located above an N well in order to be isolated from the p-doped substrate below. Thus, the P wells of the flash memory cells are shortened in this configuration, and no independent voltages can be applied to the P wells of individual flash memory cells. The use of deep trench isolation makes the application of an independent voltage to the P wells of individual flash memory cells possible. In particular, the use of deep trench isolation in flash memory cell arrays allows the application of a voltage to a selected flash memory cell P well without disturbing the other flash memory cells, for example.
In some semiconductor designs, filling a deep trench completely with SiO2 results in excessive stress to the semiconductor materials, resulting in decreased yields and device failures. Thus, to prevent these negative impacts of stress, in some designs, deep trench isolation structures are lined with an insulating material such as SiO2, and are then filled with polysilicon. Because the substrate or semiconductor wafer the deep trench isolation structures are formed in also comprises silicon, the stress of the polysilicon and the substrate are similar, so that stress does not create a problem in the semiconductor device.
However, in some applications, a deep isolation trench filled with an insulating liner and a polysilicon fill can result in a parasitic transistor being formed. For example, if the substrate has a P well formed therein and an N well formed beneath the P well, and the deep trench extends into both the P well and the N well, a parasitic transistor is formed, with the P wells functioning as the source and drain, and with a conductive inversion channel being formed around the deep trench bottom in the N well.
Many integrated circuits include a plurality of transistors formed within and over a substrate, as well as other devices. The transistors and other devices may be separated by deep trench isolation structures, for example. If a parasitic transistor is formed within a deep trench isolation structure, the isolation properties of the deep trench isolation structure suffer.
Thus, what are needed in the art are improved methods of forming deep trench isolation structures and structures thereof.


A method for providing media content by a server, the media content comprising media components, each media component comprising initialization data and media data, the method being carried out by the server for a preselection of a plurality of media components, obtaining an indication of which initialization data of the plurality of media components should be used by a client to process media data of the media components of the preselection; and describing the preselection in a media presentation description, the description of the preselection comprising references to each media component of the plurality of media components and the obtained indication.

The invention relates to encapsulating, parsing, and streaming media content, e.g. according to ISO Base Media File Format as defined by the MPEG standardization organization, to provide a flexible and extensible format that facilitates interchange, management, editing, and presentation of group of media content and to improve its delivery for example over an IP network such as the Internet using adaptive http streaming protocol.
The International Standard Organization Base Media File Format (ISO BMFF, ISO/IEC 14496-12) is a well-known flexible and extensible format that describes encoded timed media data bit-streams either for local storage or transmission via a network or via another bit-stream delivery mechanism. This file format has several extensions, e.g. Part-15, ISO/IEC 14496-15 that describes encapsulation tools for various NAL (Network Abstraction Layer) unit based video encoding formats. Examples of such encoding formats are AVC (Advanced Video Coding), SVC (Scalable Video Coding), HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding), or L-HEVC (Layered HEVC). This file format is object-oriented. It is composed of building blocks called boxes (or data structures, each of which being identified by a four character code) that are sequentially or hierarchically organized and that define descriptive parameters of the encoded timed media data bit-stream such as timing and structure parameters. In the file format, the overall presentation over time is called a movie. The movie is described by a movie box (with four character code 'moov') at the top level of the media or presentation file. This movie box represents an initialization information container containing a set of various boxes describing the presentation. It may be logically divided into tracks represented by track boxes (with four character code 'trak'). Each track (uniquely identified by a track identifier (track_ID) represents a timed sequence of media data pertaining to the presentation (frames of video, for example). Within each track, each timed unit of data is called a sample; this might be a frame of video, audio or timed metadata. Samples are implicitly numbered in sequence. The actual samples data are in boxes called Media Data Boxes (with four character code 'mdat') at the same level as the movie box. The movie may also be fragmented, i.e. organized temporally as a movie box containing information for the whole presentation followed by a list of movie fragment and Media Data box pairs. Within a movie fragment (box with four-character code 'moof') there is a set of track fragments (box with four character code 'traf'), zero or more per movie fragment. The track fragments in turn contain zero or more track run boxes ('trun'), each of which documents a contiguous run of samples for that track fragment.
Media data encapsulated with ISOBMFF can be used for adaptive streaming with HTTP. For example, MPEG DASH (for "Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP") and Smooth Streaming are HTTP adaptive streaming protocols enabling segment or fragment based delivery of media files. The MPEG DASH standard (see "ISO/IEC 23009-1, Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH), Part1: Media presentation description and segment formats") makes it possible to establish a link between a compact description of the content(s) of a media presentation and the HTTP addresses (e.g. URLs). Usually, this association is described in a file called a manifest file or description file. In the context of DASH, this manifest file is a file also called the MPD file (for Media Presentation Description). When a client device gets the MPD file, the description of each encoded and deliverable version of media content can easily be determined by the client. By reading or parsing the manifest file, the client is aware of the kind of media content components proposed in the media presentation and is aware of the HTTP addresses for downloading the associated media content components. Therefore, it can decide which media content components to download (e.g. via HTTP requests) and to play (decoding and playing after reception of the media data segments). DASH defines several types of segments, mainly initialization segments, media segments, or index segments. Initialization segments contain setup information and metadata describing the media content, typically at least the 'ftyp' and 'moov' boxes of an ISOBMFF media file. A media segment contains the media data. It can be for example one or more 'moof' plus 'mdat' boxes of an ISOBMFF file or a byte range in the 'mdat' box of an ISOBMFF file. A media segment may be further subdivided into sub-segments (also corresponding to one or more complete 'moof' plus 'mdat' boxes). The DASH manifest may provide segment URLs or a base URL to the file with byte ranges to segments for a streaming client to address these segments through HTTP requests.
FIG. 1 illustrates an example of streaming media data from a server to a client.
As illustrated, a server 100 comprises an encapsulation module 105 connected, via a network interface (not represented), to a communication network 110 to which is also connected, via a network interface (not represented), a de-encapsulation module 115 of a client 120.
Server 100 processes data, e.g. video and/or audio data, for streaming or for storage. To that end, server 100 obtains or receives data comprising, for example, an original sequence of images 125, encodes the sequence of images into media data (i.e. bit-stream) using a media encoder (e.g. video encoder), not represented, and encapsulates the media data in one or more media files or media segments 130 using encapsulation module 105. Encapsulation module 105 comprises at least one of a writer or a packager to encapsulate the media data. The media encoder may be implemented within encapsulation module 105 to encode received data or may be separate from encapsulation module 105.
Client 120 is used for processing data received from communication network 110, for example for processing media file 130. After the received data have been de-encapsulated in de-encapsulation module 115 (also known as a parser), the de-encapsulated data (or parsed data), corresponding to a media data bit-stream, are decoded, forming, for example, audio and/or video data that may be stored, displayed or output. The media decoder may be implemented within de-encapsulation module 115 or it may be separate from de-encapsulation module 115. The media decoder may be configured to decode one or more video bit-streams in parallel.
It is noted that media file 130 may be communicated to de-encapsulation module 115 into different ways. In particular, encapsulation module 105 may generate media file 130 with a media description (e.g. DASH MPD) and communicates (or streams) it directly to de-encapsulation module 115 upon receiving a request from client 120.
For the sake of illustration, media file 130 may encapsulate media data (e.g. encoded audio or video) into boxes according to ISO Base Media File Format (ISOBMFF, ISO/IEC 14496-12 and ISO/IEC 14496-15 standards).
FIG. 2 illustrates an example of streaming DASH segments for a Representation selected by a client.
According to DASH and as illustrated, when a client selects a Representation for streaming (for example client 120 in FIG. 1), it requests an initialization segment, for example InitializationSegment 205. For the sake of illustration, when media data are encapsulated according to the ISO Base Media File Format (ISO/IEC 14496-12), the Initialization Segment consists in a 'moov' box and its sub-boxes.
Upon reception of the items of information contained in the Initialization Segment, the client setup its media decoder(s) (that may be parts of de-encapsulation module 115 described by reference to FIG. 1). Once setup is done, the client requests the data segments corresponding to the selected Representation, for example MediaSegments 210-1 and 210-2, that are streamed by the server on a segment-basis. According to example 200, the media segments have a duration equal to "Delta_t". It is up to the client to issue the request at appropriate time so that the media plays smoothly from one segment (e.g. 210-1) to another (e.g. 210-2)
By definition, the concatenation 200 of InitializationSegment 205 followed by one or more media segments such as MediaSegments 201-1 and 210-2, results in a conforming (or compliant) bit-stream.
While these file formats and these methods for requesting and transmitting media data have proven to be efficient, there is a continuous need to improve selection of the data to be sent to a client and to improve signaling of the sent data for reducing the requested bandwidth and for facilitating data de-encapsulation and decoding by the client.
The present invention has been devised to address one or more of the foregoing concerns.

Method, device, and computer program for signaling available portions of encapsulated media content


A roller bearing assembly for a drawer slide providing a roller wheel having a threaded bore therethrough and a stud adjustably threaded into said bore, the stud attachable at an opposite end to either an interior wall channel of a cabinet or to a drawer, and said roller wheel rollable on a bracket provided on a respective other of said interior wall of the cabinet or the drawer. The lateral position of the roller wheel with respect to the cabinet or the drawer can be adjusted by selectively progressing the threaded stud into the threaded bore. The stud can be progressed into the bore by turning a hexagonal portion of the roller wheel surrounding the bore. The stud is typically anchored to the cabinet or drawer by insertion through an aperture and by deforming an end of the stud rivet style.

This invention relates to a roller bearing for use in a sliding drawer assembly. Particularly, this invention relates to a laterally adjustable roller for use on drawer slides.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,843,444 to Nelson discloses drawer rollers which are mounted for lateral adjustment on a threaded stud with a lock nut threaded thereover for locking the position of the threaded stud in selected adjustment with respect to a threaded bracket. The stud provides a screw slot on one end of the threaded stud.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,595,247 to Zank discloses a drawer and cabinet roller arrangement. U.S. Pat. No. 2,752,219 to Yonkers discloses a roller which has a stud shaft to receive a nut to anchor the roller to a drawer. U.S. Pat. No. 2,928,696 to Hiers discloses a drawer tilt adjustment means which vertically adjusts a roller and once adjusted, lock nuts clamp a roller shaft in fixed position with respect to the drawer.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,874,748 to Figueroa discloses a lateral adjustment means for a roller, the roller attached to framework on lateral sides of the drawer and rolling in a C-shaped channel element secured to the drawer. The roller is held about a screw which by turning draws the roller along a length of a bushing toward or away from the framework to laterally adjust the location of the roller with respect to the C-shaped channel element.
The prior art shows that it is known to use a threaded arrangement to position a roller for a drawer laterally with respect to the framework.
It is heretofore not known to use the simple and effective arrangement of the present invention.


A system and method utilizing thyristor-based Photo-Conductive Semiconductor Switches (PCSS) for short pulse switching in high power microwave and/or broadband electromagnetic pulse generation is disclosed. The PCSS consists of thyristor-type NPNP structure having multiple emitter regions enclosed by the base region and multiple emitter shorts to divert leakage currents for voltage holding. The PCSS also includes an optical aperture comprised of patterned metallic grids for light illumination and current collection. The device structure is so constructed that there is only one single bevel around the peripheral. The thyristor-based PCSS have dual polarities of voltage blocking and have better efficiency for light requirement to operate at longer pulse duration compared to diode-based and bulk-semiconductor-based PCSS.

Photo-Conductive Semiconductor Switches (PCSS) have become important in high-speed optoelectronics and the generation and reshaping of ultrafast, high power electromagnetic pulses. PCSS are able to switch tens of kilovolts in sub-nanoseconds resulting in extremely high peak powers and are significantly advantageous over other voltage switches in easy fabrication, zero device-to-device jitter for multiple elements, and complete electrical isolation of the trigger.
PCSS are mostly based on either diode structure or bulk semiconductor. The diode-based PCSS, more specifically, P-i-N, consists of low doping semiconductor of high resistivity as the starting materials, and then P-type and N-type impurities are introduced on both sides to P-i-N doping profile. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrates cross sectional views of a diode-based PCSS 100. The PCSS 100 includes doped regions 102, 101 and 104 with junctions 103, 105 and 107, metallic electrodes (or terminals) 106 and 108, an optical aperture 107 on one of the electrodes and a single bevel profile 109 around the peripheral. The voltage holding is accomplished through the un-doped drift T region from the junction 103 near P-type region 102 and only in reverse bias. That is, diode-based PCSS 100 can only have one blocking polarity.
For certain circuit implementation, PCSS with dual blocking polarity are desired to simplify the circuit layout and reduce the number of component types. Bulk-type PCSS use lightly doped bulk semiconductor of high resistivity, and often additional doping of the same type is added near one or two electrodes, such as N-i-N type PCSS. The bulk-type PCSS is symmetric and can hold voltage in both polarities in general. However, the leakage current of bulk-type PCSS depends on the resistivity of starting material and is typically larger compared to those with junctions.
A need, therefore, exists for a new PCSS that can operate in dual polarities of voltage blocking and of less leakage. Also new PCSS should improve the stability of the devices while keeping the same form-factor as its diode-based counterparts without complicate bevels for edge termination.

Thyristor-based, dual-polarity blocking photo-conductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) for short pulse switching and methods

BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc.


The following description sets forth antisense (AS) oligonucleotides (ODNs) complementary to the primary transcript of the human c-fes protooncogene and their use to inactivate said transcript. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is reported to be used as a differentiation inducer on cells pretreated with said AS-ODNs to induce apoptosis of leukemic blast cells.

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the microenvironmental control on the leukemic blast cell population is almost completely ineffective, since leukemic blast cells have acquired the characteristic of autonomy, probably due to the several genetic alterations exibited (Seminars in Hematol 32: 201-219, 1995). As demonstrated several years ago, the growth fraction of a leukemic population is extremely low because the large majority of AML blast cells do not proliferate actively. Actually, it was observed that AML blast cells are not quiescent, i.e in the Go state, but are blocked at the G1 phase of the cell cycle and loose the capability to progress through the S phase and, therefore, through the cycle (Cancer Res. 46: 5162-5166, 1986; Leukemia 3: 423-430, 1989). Leukemic blast cells accumulation in G1 determines an unbalance between the pool of cells in the cycle and the cells leaving the cycle to enter terminal differentiation. It is therefore evident that the blast cells proliferation advantage is not caused by an increased proliferative capacity, but mainly to the differentiation block, an increased half-life (approx. 25-35 days) (Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 2: 259, 1972) and to a reduced rate of apoptosis. Therefore, in acute myeloid leukemia, the high number of circulating blasts is consequent on the increased cell viability (NYAS 663: 202-214, 1992). Ferrari et al. (British J. Haematol 59: 21-25, 1985) found that the c-fes protooncogene is expressed at high levels in the terminal stages of granulocytic differentiation, but no function could be attributed to the product of this protooncogene. Ferrari et al (Cell growth Diff. 1: 543-548, 1990) and Manfredini et al. (J.Exp.Med., 178: 381-389, 1993) also found that the inhibition of the c-fes protooncogene expression could be obtained by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) specific for c-fes protooncogene mRNA. However, the use of AS-ODNs specific for mRNA have some inconveniences, in particular a scarce inactivation efficiency. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) blast cells can be induced to differentiation, in vivo and in vitro, with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (New Engl. J. Med., 234: 1385, 1991). At present, ATRA is used in vivo for therapeutic purposes to obtain APL blasts differentiation. However, along with the differentiating effect, some untoward side effects, e.g. leukocytosis (Blood, 76: 260, 1990) and the capillary permeability syndrome (Am. Int. Med., 117: 292, 1992) are observed. This syndrome, characterized by acute pulmonary edema, renal insufficiency, hypotension, was first observed in patients treated with IL-2. Endothelial injury and leukocytes infiltration of the surrounding tissue are observed in the capillary permeability syndrome. Some authors propose the hypothesis that inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF.alpha. on one hand (Leukemia, 8: 1750, 1994; Exp. Hematol. 23: 117-125, 1995) and integrines on the other hand may play a role in the pathogenesis of the capillary permeability syndrome. In fact, ATRA has been shown to cause APL blasts activation, and the consequent induction of the expression of inflammatory cytokines (Exp. Hematol., 23: 117, 1995). Differentiation therapy has to last some months, during which complications jeopardizing the treatment efficacy often arise. As already mentioned, one of the most serious inconveniences produced by a long-term treatment with ATRA is the onset in approx. 20% of cases of the capillary permeability syndrome (often associated to severe leukocytosis). These side effects of ATRA therapy can lead to the interruption of treatment or even to the patient's death. A further inconvenience often arising during a long-term differentiating treatment with ATRA is the onset of a drug resistance mechanism, whereby the treatment obviously becomes ineffective (Blood 82: 2175-2181, 1993). It is, therefore, extremely important to find new products or develop new therapeutic strategies, capable of avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks, or improve the products already known, for an adjuvant treatment of leukemia.

Antisense oligonucleotides complementary to the primary transcript of the human c-fes protooncogene

Istituto Biochimico Italiano Giovanni Lorenzini S.P.A.


A latching mechanism for a pressure chamber for hypobaric use is disclosed. The mechanism includes one or more pin modules positioned on a periphery of a door of the pressure chamber, the door being adapted to open into the chamber and abut a frame of the pressure chamber when the door is in a closed position. The mechanism further includes an actuator for selectively engaging or disengaging the pin with the frame. The pin module may include a pin adapted to be selectively positioned in an engaged or a disengaged position. The pin in the engaged position extends from the door to the frame of the pressure chamber, thereby preventing the door from opening into the chamber. The pin module includes a cylinder for actuating the pin. The cylinder may be a pneumatic cylinder operated with pneumatic pressure. The pneumatic cylinder of each of the pin modules may be centrally actuated.

The following discussion of the background of the invention is merely provided to aid the reader in understanding the invention and is not admitted to describe or constitute prior art to the present invention.
Hyperbaric chambers have been regularly used in many applications, including medical applications. For example, hyperbaric chambers have been used for hyperbaric oxygen therapy for treating many medical conditions and for training regimens such as the treatment of severe burns, peripheral vascular disease, carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression illness and the like. Pressure in hyperbaric chambers can be varied from atmospheric pressure to a desired level greater than atmospheric pressure.
Hyperbaric chambers generally include at least one entry into the chamber. These entries may or may not include an airlock. Known entries include a door swings into the chamber to open. Thus, when closed, the door is pressed against the inside of the frame of the chamber. In this configuration, the pressure inside the chamber facilitates the sealing of the door. In other words, since the pressure inside the chamber is greater than that outside the chamber, the door is further pressed against the inside of the frame of the chamber to secure the door in the closed position and make a pressure-tight seal.
In contrast to hyperbaric chambers, hypobaric pressure chambers allow a low-pressure or vacuum-like environment to be maintained within the chamber. Hypobaric chambers can be useful in many applications such as simulation of high-altitude environments which may be experienced by, for example, pilots or astronauts.
Hypobaric chambers typically include an entry door that swings outward so that the pressure differential causes the door to be pulled against the frame of the chamber. One such hypobaric chamber is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,503,143.
Although hypobaric chambers have a significant number of applications, the cost of building a hypobaric chamber to meet acceptable standards can be prohibitive. Rather, it would be preferable to provide a way to use a chamber designed for hyperbaric applications as a hypobaric chamber or a dual-use (hyperbaric/hypobaric) pressure chamber.

Latching system and method for pressure chambers


A multistage phase shift mask includes a light transmissive substrate having light shielding regions and light transmissive regions. A shielding layer is disposed on the shielding regions of the substrate and a phase shifter layer extends over the light transmissive regions between a pair of the shielding regions. A first etched portion on the substrate is adjacent to the phase shifter layer that contacts with the substrate and a second etched portion on the substrate is between the phase shifter layer and the first etched portion of the substrate.. The second etched portion consists of a gradual concave slope allowing a phase shift from approximately 0 to 180 degrees.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a multistage phase shift mask, and more particularly, to a simplified method for fabricating a multistage phase shift mask for preventing a bridge pattern from generation at edge of an alternating phase shift mask.
2. Dissussion of the Related Art
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a conventional alternating phase shift mask and FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the phase shift mask along a line A-A' in FIG. 1. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a general phase shift mask 10 is formed by depositing a chrome thin film on a quartz substrate having a high light transmittance, patterning the same, selectively forming opaque chrome patterns 12, and forming a phase shift layer 13 stretching over an adjacent pair of chrome patterns 12. An amplitude of the light passing through the phase shift mask formed as described above is shown in FIG. 2B. The amplitude and intensity of the light incident onto a wafer through the phase shift mask are shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, respectively. When using the phase shift mask 10 shown in FIG. 1, the phase of the light transmitting through the phase shift layer 13 is shifted by 180.degree. with respect to the light transmitted through the transmissive quartz substrate 11. The substantial intensity of the light incident onto the wafer is shown in FIG. 2C.
Therefore, if the photosensitive film of the wafer is exposed and developed using the phase shift mask 10, a good quality photosensitive pattern can be obtained in the direction of A-A' in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the phase shift mask along a line B-B' in FIG. 1.
The phase shift mask 10 has a structure such that the phase shift layer 13 is directly on the quartz substrate 11 in the direction of B-B' in FIG. 1. In the direction of B-B', the amplitude and intensity of a light incident onto a wafer through the phase shift mask are shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, respectively. Therefore, if the photosensitive film of the wafer is exposed using the phase shift mask 10, a phase difference of 180.degree. from the light transmitted through the transmissive quartz substrate 11 and the light transmitted through the phase shift layer 13 as shown in FIG. 3B at an edge "E" of the phase shift layer 13 (FIG. 1) which contacts with the quartz substrate 11.
Therefore, a portion where the intensity of the light incident onto the wafer becomes zero is present, as shown in FIG. 3C. If a positive photosensitive layer is used, an undesired photosensitive layer is generated at a portion "E" of the phase shift layer shown in FIG. 1, which is called a bridge pattern.
The phase shift mask 10 has a problem in that an undesired bridge pattern is generated at the edge ("E" in FIG. 1) of the phase shift layer which directly contacts with the substrate between chrome patterns.
In order to solve such a bridge pattern problem of the alternating phase shift mask, a conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask, shown in FIG. 4, has been proposed.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask.
Referring to FIG. 4, the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask 20 is formed by stepwise etching a substrate a portion of which directly contacts with the edge of the phase shift layer 23, in order to solve the problem of a bridge pattern that is generated at the phase shift mask shown in FIG. 1. Through the conventional multistage phase shift mask, the phases are shifted to 60.degree., 120.degree. and 180.degree. at the portions corresponding to the light transmissive regions where the substrate directly contacts with the phase shift layer. Thus, a bridge pattern is prevented from being generated at "E." That is to say, by preventing the light intensity from becoming zero at "E," when the positive photosensitive layer is exposed and developed using the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask, an unnecessary bridge pattern generation is prevented.
FIGS. 5A to 5H are cross-sectional views along a line C-C' in FIG. 4 showing a fabricating process of the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask. FIGS. 6A to 6H are cross-sectional views along a line D-D' in FIG. 4 showing a fabricating process of the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask.
The method for fabricating the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask will now be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 6H.
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 6A, a chrome thin film 22 is formed on a clean quartz substrate 21, a photosensitive layer 24A is deposited and patterned on the chrome thin film 22 to define a transmissive region T and shielding region S. At this time, the chrome thin film 22, which is the transmissive region, is exposed.
As shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B, the chrome thin film 22 of the transmissive region T is etched, using the photosensitive layer 24A as a mask. The chrome thin film 22 remaining in the shielding region S serves as a shielding layer. The remaining photosensitive layer 24A is removed.
As shown in FIGS. 5C and 6C, a phase shift layer 23 is deposited on the quartz substrate 21 containing the shielding layer and is etched so as to leave the phase shift layer 23 between an adjacent pair of shielding layers. At this time, in the direction of A-A', the edge of the phase shift layer 23 is formed on the shielding layer so that the edge of the phase shift layer 23 does not directly contact with the transmissive quartz substrate 21. However, in the direction of B-B', the edge ("E") of the phase shift layer 23 is not formed on the shielding layer so that the edge of the phase shift layer 23 directly contacts with the transmissive quartz substrate 21.
As shown in FIGS. 5D and 6D, a photosensitive layer 24B is deposited again on the whole surface of the substrate and is patterned so as to expose the portion "E" of the substrate 21 which is a transmissive region.
The exposed substrate is primarily etched be a constant depth using the photosensitive layer 24B as a mask. At this time, the light transmitting through the primarily etched portion 21A has a phase shift of 60.degree. with respect to the light transmitting through the unetched substrate.
As shown in FIGS. 5E and 6E, the photosensitive layer 24B is removed, and a photosensitive layer 24C is deposited again on the whole surface of the substrate. The photosensitive layer 24C is patterned so as to expose the primarily etched portion 21A. The exposed substrate is again etched to a constant depth using the photosensitive layer 24C as a mask. After the second etching, the photosensitive layer 24C is removed, as shown as FIGS. 5F and 6F. At this time, the light transmitting through the second etched portion 21B has a phase shift of 60.degree. with respect to the light transmitting through the primarily etched portion 21A, and thus has a phase shift of 120.degree. with respect to the light transmitting through the unetched substrate.
As shown in FIGS. 5G and 6G, a photosensitive layer 24D is deposited again on the whole surface of the substrate and is patterned so as to expose the second etched portion 21B. The exposed substrate 21B is again etched using the photosensitive layer 24C as a mask to obtain a multistage phase shift mask 20 of which the substrate being between an adjacent pair of chrome patterns are etched stepwise. At this time, the light transmitting through the third etched portion 21 has a phase shift of 60.degree. with respect to the light transmitting through the second etched portion 21B, and thus has a phase shift of 180.degree. with respect to the light transmitting through the unetched substrate.
FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of the multistage phase shift mask fabricated by the aforementioned process, and FIG. 7B shows the intensity of the light incident onto a wafer via the multistage phase shift mask shown in FIG. 7A.
According to the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask 20, three steps of etching processes are executed for shifting phases, each with a phase difference of 60.degree., i.e., 60.degree. to 120.degree., and to 180.degree.. However, many more processes need to be executed for shifting phases with a less than 60.degree. phase difference.
In the case of the conventional stepped multistage phase shift mask 20, the portion where the phase is shifted with respect to the incident light is stepped. Hence, the phase is stepwise shifted to 60.degree., 120.degree., and 180.degree., thereby preventing a rapid decline in light intensity. Therefore, a bridge pattern is not generated, unlike the case in which a positive photosensitive layer is patterned using the phase shift mask shown in FIG. 1. However, in order to prevent the generation of the bridge pattern, a multistage substrate etching process needs to be executed. Thus, the process is complicated, and a misalignment of a photomask may occur.

Method for fabricating a multistage phase shift mask


A tension adjusting apparatus comprising a coupling device for movably coupling both ends of an elongated member disposed in the shape of a loop in a direction in which both ends approach and/or move apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the elongated member, and an urging member retained by the coupling device and for urging the elongated member via the coupling device in a direction in which both ends of the elongated member approach to each other in order to apply tension to the elongated member. The smooth movement of the elongated member transmitting motive power and the tension of the elongated member at a predetermined value are thereby maintained without impeding the durability of the elongated member.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a tension adjusting apparatus and more particularly relates to a tension adjusting apparatus which can maintain the tension of an elongated member at a predetermined value. One end of the elongated member in its longitudinal direction and the other end are connected with each other so as to be disposed in the shape of a loop so that motive power can be transmitted thereby.
2. Description of the Related Art
Various types of motive power transmission mechanisms are well known for moving a member to be moved by transmitting motive power to the member through a loop-shaped or endless elongated member whose one end in its longitudinal direction and other end are connected with each other.
For example, with respect to a window regulator for opening and closing window glasses of a vehicle, the prior art discloses a mechanism wherein a driving source such as a motor is connected to a window glass by means of an endless wire or flexible tape. Torque of the motor is transmitted to the glass through such a wire or tape so that the window glass can be raised or lowered. Such a window regulator using a wire driving system has advantages over a well-known x-arm type window regulator in that it is lightweight, the degrees of freedom for installation thereof can be increased, and it has a wide range of applications.
However, in the above-described motive power transmission mechanism using an endless elongated member such as wire or flexible tape, it is necessary to continuously remove looseness from the endless elongated member and maintain the tension thereof at a predetermined value since the motive power cannot be transmitted properly when the endless elongated member is loose. Therefore, a mechanism for preventing looseness of an endless elongated member therefor (a tension adjusting apparatus) has been already proposed which is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,022,184 corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1-275878.
This mechanism for preventing looseness of an endless elongated member is such that a tension coil spring (tension applying member) is suspended between portions facing each other of a tape via tape guides. The spring always urges the tape in the direction in which the portions approach to each other. Thus, even if the tape is about to loosen, it is instantly stretched by means of the tension coil spring, so that the tension of the tape can be maintained at a predetermined value without generating looseness therein. As a result, this allows motive power to be reliably transmitted via the tape.
However, in the above-described mechanism for preventing looseness of an endless elongated member, a tension coil spring suspended over a tape, namely, a tape guide slides and touches the tape while the tape is moved. The frictional resistance therein is increased, thereby preventing a smooth movement of the tape. In addition, this causes wear of the tape and/or tape guide and degradation of the durability thereof.