The invention relates to acoustic management, on an aircraft turbomachine (3,12) or on a nacelle (1,10), via a panel (30,32). On a support (38) is reserved a recess (34), recessed with respect to a surrounding general surface (36) for contact with moving air. The recess (34) is adapted to receive the panel, as another so-called surface for contact with moving air. The support (38) and/or the panel comprise removable connecting elements for, in the recess (34), mounting it removably with respect to the support, the panel being an acoustic panel or a non-acoustic panel.

The present invention concerns the optimisation of an acoustic compromise on aircraft engines.
The implementation of acoustic panels in aircraft turbomachines, in particular aircraft engines, is, in part, justified by constraints associated with flight limitation policies at airports. These constraints are expressed in particular in terms of noise charges (financial charges applied to airlines for each use of an airport). These noise loads are at the discretion of each airport, which shall determine, in consultation with the users, the load structure to be applied locally
It is therefore understandable that noise-reduction technologies can be of varying degrees of interest. This is why it is interesting to optimise the noise level of turbomachines taking into account the objectives of the users. This optimisation of the acoustic compromise can be passed on to reinforce other functionalities of the turbomachine (more efficient or more effective as regards the environment). Furthermore, it is noted that the attenuation levels obtained by some acoustic panels are not always perceptible to the human ear, even if they are clearly demonstrated by measurement.
It is therefore proposed here to optimise the ability to adapt the level of noise-reduction technology of a product (acoustic panels) depending on the needs of users. In addition, the aim is to adapt noise loads and to promote the versatility of solutions and thus to adapt the compromises between acoustic and aerodynamic requirements as best as possible.
Specifically, a method for the preparation of a support area and acoustic management is proposed for the above purposes:
on an aircraft turbomachine comprising an air inlet cone, and/or
on a nacelle of such a turbomachine comprising:                at least one outer structure comprising at least one external annular casing, and possibly:        an inner structure comprising a fairing of a turbojet engine, which turbojet engine comprises a fan comprising the said air inlet cone, the inner structure of the nacelle then defining, with the outer structure, an annular air vein of secondary (cold) air, and        an exhaust nozzle comprising an outer primary nozzle sleeve and an inner primary nozzle tip defining between them an outlet channel for a primary air flow (hot) exiting the turbojet engine,in which method:
on at least the said support area of the turbomachine or of the nacelle is reserved at least one recess, recessed with respect to a surrounding general surface of the said support defining a surface for contact with moving air:                in the turbomachine, on the air inlet cone, or        on the nacelle,the recess being adapted to receive at least one panel, to be removably mounted thereon with respect to the support, said at least one panel, which is embodied herein, being an acoustic panel or a non-acoustic panel having a surface for contact with moving air, and,
depending on an acoustic criterion:                a) the recess is left free of any said panel placed therein, or        b) the recess being without any said panel placed therein, a said panel is placed therein, or        c) with a said panel placed in the recess, the panel is removed and the recess is left free of any said panel placed therein.
In this context, another technical difficulty has been identified: how to minimize the aerodynamic penalty caused by the depth of the recess? Although the implementation of a said support for the turbomachine or nacelle with a "continuous" line location (without marked angles, at least at the upstream and downstream ends, in the direction of flow of the said moving air) associated with the design of a panel of suitable shape will improve the situation, a solution with removable seals may be preferred, allowing the efficiency of the said optional panels to be maximised.
It is therefore also proposed that:
i) either, in case a) or c), removable aerodynamic smoothing elements with oblique and/or inflection point surfaces are placed in the recess, or side walls of the recess and of the panel with at least one inflection point, are shaped;
(ii) or in case b):                the recess being free of any said panel placed therein, removable aerodynamic smoothing elements having oblique and/or inflection point surfaces are arranged therein, and,        subsequently, before placing a said panel therein, the removable aerodynamic smoothing elements are removed and then a said panel is placed therein.
With such removable aerodynamic smoothing elements, it must be possible to maximise the volume available for the optional panels.
In this text, the words 'either'/'or' does not necessarily exclude a combination of both cases: (i) and (ii).
In addition to the aforementioned method, and to satisfy the context already mentioned, the invention also concerns an acoustic management system, comprising:
at least one support area:                on an aircraft turbomachine comprising an air inlet cone, and/or        on a nacelle of such a turbomachine comprising:                    at least one outer structure comprising at least one outer annular casing, and possibly:            an inner structure comprising a fairing of a turbojet engine, which turbojet engine comprises a fan comprising the said air inlet cone, the inner structure of the nacelle then defining, with the outer structure, an annular vein of secondary air, and            an exhaust nozzle comprising an outer primary nozzle sleeve and an inner primary nozzle tip defining between them an outlet channel for a primary air flow exiting the turbojet engine, and
at least one panel,
characterized in that:
on at least the said support area of the turbomachine or of the nacelle (110) is reserved at least one recess, recessed with respect to a surrounding general surface of the said support defining a surface for contact with moving air:                in the turbomachine, on the air inlet cone, or        on the nacelle,
the recess is adapted to be able to receive said at least one panel, which has a surface for contact with moving air,
the support and/or the said first panel comprise removable connecting elements for, in the recess, mounting the said at least first panel removably with respect to the support,
said at least one panel is an acoustic panel or a non-acoustic panel.
With such an assembly, and as noted above, e.g. in a conventional configuration (panels of rounded, typically relatively cylindrical shape, with a marked thickness at the ends), removing an acoustic panel reveals a depth of recess (such as a difference in wall radii) between the location of the acoustic panel and the adjacent wall(s). This can induce a significant aerodynamic penalty, increasing with the difference in radii observed between two adjacent walls (which can be of the order of several tens of mm). Furthermore, it is noted that some noise-reduction technologies can help to minimise the size requirements (e.g. porous materials). Thus, it can be thought that the aerodynamic penalty associated with depth, which can be materialised by a vein cross-section deviation, can reach relatively low levels (acceptable with respect to a balanced compromise between performance and acoustics). The issue of size is particularly important with regard to the thickness of the panel. On a conventional panel, the thickness is conditioned by the tuning frequency (the one to be attenuated), and therefore by the wavelength of the acoustic signal. The lower the frequency, the higher the wavelength, and the thicker the panel should be.
Some solutions provide for so-called "folded"- or (re)folded—or "inclined" cavities which then extend in several directions (e.g. radial+axial) so as to minimise the thickness of the panel. With porous materials, it is rather the inner structure of the material that adjusts the tuning frequency, allowing low frequencies to be processed inside smaller spaces compared to conventional honeycomb panels.
However, even in small dimensions, discontinuities in the wall of the support (abrupt changes in an air flow line) can cause harmful aerodynamic disturbances. In order to address this problem, the following are proposed as alternative or complementary solutions:
with respect to the surrounding general surface of the support, the recess is defined by a simple recess with a single shoulder;
the recess is linked with the surrounding general surface of the said support by walls with inflection points;
the recess is linked with the surrounding general surface of the said support by walls with oblique surfaces;
the recess adapted to receive said panel and the panel adapted to be received therein have, facing each other, respective contours which are substantially complementary;
the recess has first side walls substantially perpendicular to the surrounding general surface of the support,
received in the recess, the panel has second side walls substantially parallel to the first side walls, and
without a panel in the recess, removable aerodynamic smoothing elements having oblique and/or inflection-point surfaces are placed in said recess adjacent to the first side walls;
the aforementioned assembly is provided with removable aerodynamic smoothing elements having oblique surfaces and/or surfaces with inflection points placed, or to be placed, in the recess;
the surface of the panel adapted for contact with the moving air is curved towards the centre with respect to its periphery and has a peripheral slope for junction with the surrounding general surface of the said support (the panel and said general surface thus come flush), when the panel is received in the recess.
More generally, claim 2 defines a preferred solution to the above problem in such an acoustic management system.
The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, which is given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the attached drawings.

Method for preparing a support and for acoustic management on a turbine engine or a nacelle


In a wireless communication network system of the invention, in response to a request for connection authentication sent from each of multiple wireless communication terminals to a base station to establish a communication link, a link management module receives authentication information of each wireless communication terminal, which is generated corresponding to a piece of identification information allocated by an identification information management module and registered in the wireless communication terminal, from the wireless communication terminal via a wireless network. The link management module compares the authentication information received from the wireless communication terminal with multiple possible options of authentication information generated corresponding to multiple different pieces of identification information allocated by the identification information management module, and authenticates the wireless communication terminal that has sent the authentication information matching with one of the multiple possible options of authentication information. The identification information management module manages a mapping of each specific piece of identification information, which corresponds to a specific option of authentication information matching with the authentication information of the authenticated wireless communication terminal, to the authenticated wireless communication terminal.

Various electronic devices (wireless communication terminals) with Bluetooth (abbreviated as BT) wireless communication functions have been developed. Multiple electronic devices with these functions (hereafter referred to as 'BT terminals') are interconnected to form a network. For example, one BT terminal as a master (hereafter may be referred to as 'BT access point' or simply as 'access point') is connectable with the maximum of seven BT terminals as slaves (hereafter may be referred to simply as 'terminals') to constitute a network called Piconet. The master controls one or multiple slaves connected thereto and establishes communication with the slaves. Data packets and control packets are transmittable only between the master and the respective slaves, while direct communication between the slaves is not allowed.
In such wireless communication network systems, mutual connection authentication between the master and the respective slaves is generally required prior to actual data transmission.
Connection authentication-related techniques have been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Gazettes No. 2001-197150, No. 2001-285956, and No. 2001-223692.
There is a print service system in a public place, for example, in a family restaurant, that prints images based on image files stored in each user's digital camera (BT terminal) via a service providing server (BT access point). Each user utilizes a print service process individually provided by the service providing server to receive a desired print service through the display on a monitor located at each table in the restaurant.
Each user naturally demands to refer to image files stored in the user's own digital camera, select desired image files for printing, and give a printing instruction of the selected image files. For example, a user U1 utilizes a process PS1 to select desired image files for printing among image files stored in the user's own digital camera CM1 and give a printing instruction of the selected image files. In the case where the image files stored in the digital camera CM1 are acceptable by another process utilized by another user U2 as well as by the process PS1, the user U2 can illegally check and print the image files belonging to the user U1. In the print service system where multiple digital cameras (BT terminals) are connectable to the service providing server (BT access point), it is essential to allow only one digital camera CM1 owned by one user U1 to make connection and communication with the process PS1 utilized by the user U1, while allowing only another digital camera CM2 owned by another user U2 to make connection and communication with the process PS2 utilized by the user U2.
The BT terminal has a 48-bit identifier called BT address. This BT address is an identifier inherent to each device. Notification of the BT address given to the user's digital camera to the process utilized by the user enables the service providing server to unequivocally identify the mapping of the digital camera to the process. Such notification also ensures transfer of the information on the digital camera to the identified process. Connection authentication is performed with entries of a common PIN code (Personal Identification Number) between the BT terminal and the process utilized by the user. The successful connection authentication proves normal communication between the service providing server as the access point and the digital camera as the BT terminal.
The service providing server located in a public place naturally does not have the information on the mapping of the general users to the BT addresses given to the respective BT terminals owned by the individual users. Each user of the service providing server is thus required to notify the assigned process of the BT address of the own BT terminal. There are two available methods for such notification: (1) direct entry of the BT address; and (2) selection from a list of BT terminals connectable to the BT access point. The method (1) requires the user to accurately enter the 48-bit BT address. The method (2) requires the user to accurately select the own BT terminal based on the 48-bit BT address. The user's wrong entry or selection causes the user to fail in receiving the desired service. The user's wrong entry or selection may also cause the user to make access to another person's BT terminal. This is undesirable from the viewpoint of privacy protection.
The service system located in a public place to provide various services accordingly demands a technique of simple, convenient, and safe authentication of a normal communication link between the BT access point and each BT terminal without requiring the user's entry or selection of the BT address given to the BT terminal. Another demanded technique unequivocally identifies the mapping of the process utilized by each user to the user's own BT terminal.
The problems described above are not restricted to the wireless communication network systems where multiple BT terminals are connected to one BT access point, but are commonly found in any wireless communication network systems that utilize diversity of wireless communication standards, as well as the BT standard, for data transfer.
The technique of the invention thus aims to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art techniques discussed above and is applied to a wireless communication network system including an access point of wireless communication (base station) connected to multiple wireless communication terminals to assure simple, convenient, and safe authentication of the multiple wireless communication terminals and to unequivocally identify the mapping of the process utilized by each user to the user's BT terminal.

Connection authentication in wireless communication network system

Abstract: This arrangement of the invention assures simple, convenient, and safe authentication of multiple wireless communication terminals, while unequivocally identifying a process utilized by each user and the user's wireless communication terminal.


An object is to make it possible to hot-press a nonwoven member that covers a branching portion of a wire harness main body even when there is an error in the position of the branching portion. A wire harness includes a wire harness main body and a branching portion protection portion. The wire harness main body includes a trunk line portion and a branch line portion branching off from the trunk line portion. The branching portion protection portion is formed by hot-pressing a nonwoven member in a state in which the nonwoven member covers the branching portion where the branch line portion branches off from the trunk line portion. The branching portion protection portion includes a branch line side protection portion that is tapered from a base end side toward a distal end side of the branch line portion.

An example of a conventional technology for protecting a branching portion of a wire harness using a nonwoven member is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
In order to cover a branching portion with a nonwoven member having a shape that conforms to the branching shape, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a sheet-shaped nonwoven member having slits is wound around the branching portion and a configuration in which a band-shaped nonwoven member is wound around the branching portion. The nonwoven member that covers the branching portion is molded into a predetermined shape corresponding to the branching shape using a shaping mold.

Wire harness and method for manufacturing wire harness


An electrophotographic image forming apparatus which allows a locking operation to be easily performed even when a lock mechanism for a developing cartridge is provided at a position hard of access for a user. The electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a cartridge door opening and closing an opening portion for allowing mounting and detachment of the developing cartridge, a lock member which locks the developing cartridge mounted to a mounting portion so that the developing cartridge may not be detached from the mounting portion and which is rotatable to release the lock, and a link member which abuts the lock member and which can rotate to effect switching between the lock and lock releasing of the lock member, with an end portion of the link member being situated in the vicinity of the opening portion.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus having a structure in which a developing cartridge for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member is detachably mounted to a mounting portion.
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent years, an electrophotographic image forming apparatus such as a color laser printer is widely used. There is known a rotary development type image forming apparatus in which a plurality of developing cartridges are mounted to a rotatable rotary. The rotary is rotated to cause the developing cartridges of different colors to be successively opposed to an electrophotographic photosensitive drum, whereby developer images of different colors are formed. Then, a color image is formed on a recording medium. Examples of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus include a copying machine, a printer, and a facsimile apparatus.
There is a demand for a construction which, when replacing the developing cartridges, facilitates the operation of mounting and detaching the developing cartridges with respect to a cartridge mounting portion provided within the apparatus main body. In particular, in the rotary development type image forming apparatus, it is necessary to prevent the developing cartridges mounted to the rotary from being detached from the rotating rotary.
As a construction for preventing detachment of the cartridges from the rotating rotary, there is known a construction in which a gripper for gripping the cartridges and a cartridge lock portion are capable of interlocking (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-202793).
In the above-mentioned construction, a pair of grippers are provided at the central portion in the longitudinal direction of each cartridge. The grippers are connected to lock portions protruding from both longitudinal end surfaces of the cartridge. Further, the grippers are urged longitudinally outwards.
When mounting the cartridge to the rotary, the user grips the grippers against the urging force. When the user releases the grippers, the lock portions protrude from the side surfaces of the cartridge due to the urging force. Then, the lock portions are engaged with a locking part of the rotary, whereby it is possible to lock the cartridge to the rotary.
On the other hand, when releasing the lock, the user grips the grippers. As a result, the lock portions, which have been protruding outwardly, are accommodated within the cartridge, whereby the lock of the cartridge and the rotary is released.
The above-mentioned related art technique, which can be well adapted to the image forming apparatus sizes as required at that time, has been an excellent one from the viewpoint of practical use. In recent years, however, there is a demand for a further reduction in the size of an image forming apparatus.

Electrophotographic image forming apparatus with developer cartridge lock member


This disclosure relates generally to conditioned spaces, and more particularly to a system and method for thermo-fluid management in the conditioned space. In one embodiment, the method includes retrieving geometry and operational information of the conditioned space from a conditioned space data. A 3D geometry of the conditioned space is automatically generated in a format suitable for a mesh generation model for numerical analysis by parsing the conditioned space data. A mesh is created within the 3D geometry using the mesh generation model. A simulation data is generated based at least on an operational data of the plurality of components. The simulation data is applied on the mesh to simulate a thermo-fluid model of the conditioned space.

A data centre is a facility that is used to house Information Technology (IT) equipment and computer systems with associated components, such as telecommunication equipment, networking equipment and storage systems, and the like. The IT equipment may be arranged on racks or frames in the data centre. The IT equipment may generate heat as a result of being utilized for processing of various actions and tasks. The heat generated by the IT components may therefore need to be compensated/dissipated in order to avoid heating or generating a hot-spot in the data centre.
Data centres consume lot of power, by two main usages, namely, power required to run the equipment and power required to cool the equipment. In order to bring down cooling costs of data centres, it is preferred to design and run the data centre in thermally optimum way. Therefore, a thermal analysis of the entire data centre may ensure optimum thermal performance of the data centre.

System and method for thermo-fluid management of conditioned space


A design tool for network interconnection includes a processor coupled to an input device and to an output device. The processor receives via the input device design parameters including: (i) a number G of groups of network elements, (ii) a number S of spines associated with each group, and (iii) a number P of ports that each spine has for connecting to other spines, using short-cable connections or long-cable connections. The processor determines an interconnection plan by specifying connections among spines belonging to different groups, in a clique or a bipartite scheme, so that for given values of G, S and P, (i) a number of the long-cable connections among the spines is minimized, and (ii) a number of inter-group connections is balanced among the G groups up to a deviation of a single connection. The processor outputs to the output device instructions for applying the interconnection plan.

Various topologies suitable for deploying large-scale networks are known in the art. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 9,699,067 describes a communication network that includes multiple nodes, which are arranged in groups such that the nodes in each group are interconnected in a bipartite topology and the groups are interconnected in a mesh topology. The nodes are configured to convey traffic between source hosts and respective destination hosts by routing packets among the nodes on paths that do not traverse any intermediate hosts other than the source and destination hosts.
U.S. patent application publication 2018/0302288 describes a method for networking nodes in a data center network structure, including connecting at least ten base units each including connected nodes with southbound connections of a multi-host NIC controller having northbound a higher total bandwidth than southbound, the controllers configured as dragonfly switches; connecting the ten base units with their respective controllers in a modified Peterson graph form as an intragroup network to build a super unit including three groups, where each controller uses three northbound connections for a direct connection to three other base units of the super unit, and in which two base units of each group are connected via a respective one of a fourth northbound connection to one of the other groups, and a remaining base unit not being part of one of the groups is adapted for using three northbound connections for direct connection to one base unit in each group.

Network topology having minimal number of long connections among groups of network elements


A technique for providing search results may include determining a first entity type, a second entity type, and a relationship type based on a compositional query. The technique may also include identifying nodes of a knowledge graph corresponding to entity references of the first entity type and entity references of the second entity type. The technique may also include determining from the knowledge graph an attribute value corresponding to the relationship type for each entity reference of the first entity type and for each entity reference of the second entity type. The technique may also include comparing the attribute value of each entity reference of the first entity type with the attribute value of each entity reference of the second entity type. The technique may also include determining one or more resultant entity references from the entity references of the first entity type based on the comparing.

The present disclosure relates to providing search results based on a compositional query. Search engines receive search queries from users and provide search results using, for example, a list of text links. Search engines typically solve queries such as [Starbucks near San Francisco Airport] or [Films shot during world War II] by returning a collection of results based on a single, fixed location criterion or on a single, fixed temporal criterion.

Providing search results based on a compositional query


An outdoor LED lighting device includes a casing, a light emitting module, a driver module and a supporter. This LED lighting device may be installed easily by the supporter in a housing of the conventional outdoor lamp without having to discard the whole set of the conventional outdoor lamp, thus eliminating the unnecessary waste, in achieving cost-effectiveness and environment protection. Also, the LED lighting device has good characteristics of thermal dissipation and waterproof. Moreover, the solar battery module may be included to lower environmental impact without carbon dioxide emissions during power generation.

1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp and a street lamp using the same, and, more particularly, but not exclusively to an outdoor LED lighting device structure with easy installation features.
2. Related Art
As a solid state light source, LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are a product with long life span, firm structure, low power consumption and flexible dimension such that they are becoming to take the place of conventional high pressure halide lamps in a wide range of lighting applications. However, LEDs would generate comparatively high heat energy, with a result of their high light fades and shortened life span. This leads to limited applications of LEDs to some extent.
Legacy street lighting systems are based on high pressure discharge lamps, most commonly high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. These have been generally recognized to give the highest amount of lighting per watt of electricity used. New street lighting technologies, such as Light Emitting Diode (LED) and Induction lighting, emit a white light that provides high levels of scotopic lumens allowing street lights with lower wattages and lower photopic lumens to replace existing street lights.
When the outdoor lamp is exposed to outside for a long period of time, the fixing screws may be gradually eroded. Thus, rain or snow may creep through clearances between the screws and the housing of the outdoor lamp, and enter into the housing to thereby cause electrical short circuit and potential safety problems. Also, when the LED lamp is lightened over a long period of time, the heat generated by the LED would accumulate in the LED lamp and could not be effectively removed therefrom, bringing the LED to burn out due to overheat.
Presently, great efforts have been made to provide various solutions in an attempt to tackle the heat dissipation of the LED lighting fixtures. However, these solutions are either less effective to dissipate the heat, or are expensive and structurally complicated though being effective on heat dissipation. Therefore, replacement of conventional street lamps with LED lamps requires both improving their thermal dissipation with low costs and providing an improved waterproof structure that can be used outdoors for longer periods of time with improved durability and high safety.

Outdoor LED lighting device structure with easy installation features


An imaging system with an imaging mechanism which includes polarization analyzers, which may be crossed polarization analyzers, positioned to provide birefringence images of particles in the fluid passing through the flow chamber. Captured images are of high resolution and may be used in comparison to known images of a library of images. The system and related method enhance the accuracy and sensitivity of particle monitoring by utilizing birefringence imaging combined with particle analysis and the detection of each particle's characteristic features, such as crystalline features. The system includes a scatter detector used to trigger backlighting of the flow chamber and capture images of particles therein.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to an optical flow imaging and analysis configuration used in particle analysis instrumentation, and more particularly to a birefringent particle in-flow imaging system configured to enable the accurate identification of particles in a fluid.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The art has seen various optical/flow systems employed for transporting a fluid within an analytical instrument to an imaging and optical analysis area. A liquid sample is typically delivered into the bore of a flow chamber and this sample is interrogated in some way so as to generate analytical information concerning the nature or properties of the sample. For example, a laser beam may excite the sample that is present in the bore of the capillary, with the emitted fluorescence energy representing the signal information.
In the area of identifying birefringent particles, such as crystals, in a fluid, the closest known relevant technological developments involve manual microscope measurements, which is not flow augmented to enable the easy counting and detection of such particles. It would be advantageous to detect with accuracy the existence and density of particles in a flow stream for various reasons. For example, Zebra Mussels are an invasive fresh water mussel species that can foul power plant water intakes and can take over the ecosystem in fresh water lakes and ponds. A flow system such as that described in this document would lend itself to automation in a way that would facilitate the accurate detection of Zebra Mussels and other types of birefringent particles, such as those particles responsive to cross polarization.
The inefficiencies of manually counting particles with a microscope may result in inconclusive counts based on the less than optimum collection of water samples from a pond or lake sample. This microscope method is also tedious and time consuming. It also does not lend itself to easy automation.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

System and method for monitoring birefringent particles in a fluid


Apparatuses and methods for far-end monitoring of transmitter IQ skew in a DSCM system are described. Soft symbols for a given subchannel and a corresponding mirror subchannel are used as joint inputs to a MIMO equalizer. The hard decision symbols for the given subchannel and mirror subchannel are used as references to compute the equalizer coefficients. An estimated phase or estimated transmitter IQ skew is computed for at least the given subchannel using the equalizer coefficients. The computation is repeated to obtain estimated phase or estimated transmitter skew for all subchannels. The transmitter IQ skew is computed using the estimates from all subchannels. The computation is performed for each polarization. The computed transmitter IQ skew is communicated back to the transmitter via optical path (for correcting the skew).

Coherent optical transceivers (also called coherent transceivers) are used to transmit and receive optical signals by modulating the amplitude and phase of light transmitted through an optical channel, such as a fiber optic cable. A technique for coherent transmission involves using two separate electrical data channels—an in-phase (I) data channel and a quadrature (Q) data channel—to form the I and Q components of the optical signal.
At the transmitter, a laser source is used as a carrier for the optical signal. Electrical data on the I data channel and on the Q data channel are separately modulated on respective I and Q paths. Data on the Q path passes through a phase shifter of around 90 degree. The I and Q paths are subsequently combined to form an optical coherent signal (having both amplitude and phase information) at the output. For a dual-polarization optical signal, there is one IQ modulator for X-polarization, and another for Y-polarization, where X and Y denote the two orthogonal geometrical axes in optical fibers.
Time misalignment between the I and Q data channels of the IQ modulators at the transmitter and the receiver (also referred to as IQ skew) is an impairment that may degrade the performance of the coherent transceiver. IQ skew causes sampling error at the receiver, which can result in significant degradation in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Although factory calibration can mitigate IQ skew at the transmitter, there can be skew drift when the equipment is in use (e.g., due to aging, rebooting, etc.). Accordingly, it is necessary to monitor transmitter skew after deployment.
There currently exist techniques for transmitter skew monitoring at receivers (referred to as far-end transmitter skew monitoring) when the signal is a single-carrier (SC) quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal. However, for high transmission rates (e.g., above 800 Gb/s), digital subcarrier multiplexed (DSCM) signals are preferred. A DSCM signal consists of a group of frequency-multiplexed QAM signals carried by a group of subcarriers (or subchannels). A challenge with DSCM signals is that they are very sensitive to transmitter IQ skew. Existing techniques for transmitter skew monitoring that are designed for SC QAM systems are not suitable for DSCM systems.
Accordingly, it would be useful to provide apparatuses and methods for far-end transmitter skew monitoring, which can be used for DSCM systems.

Apparatuses and methods of far-end transmitter skew monitoring in digital subcarrier multiplexing systems


There are provided a method for processing an exceptional case of establishing a default bearer and a device therefor in order to solve a problem in that a user equipment cannot actually receive an IP service by accessing a packet network while failing in establishing the default bearer in a mobile communication system. A method for processing an exceptional case of establishing a default bearer in a mobility management entity includes: receiving a network attachment request from a user equipment; transmitting a network attachment acceptance including an activation request of the default bearer to the user equipment in response to the network attachment request; and cancelling a network attachment procedure when a completion response to the activation request of the default bearer is not received from the user equipment within a predetermined time.

An advanced third generation mobile communication system has introduced a concept of a default bearer in order to rapidly control various packet services and facilitate management of a service quality. Upper layer service context information for the default bearer is generated when a user equipment is firstly registered in a packet network and is always present in a terminal and a network regardless of signaling connection between the user equipment and the packet network when the user equipment is registered in the packet network.
A resource is allocated to the default bearer while the signaling connection between the user equipment and the packet network is established. When the signaling connection is cancelled, the corresponding resource is also cancelled. Since an Internet protocol (IP) signaling packet (i.e., ICMP), an IP application signaling packet (i.e., SIP), or an IP packet (i.e., E-mail) having a service quality of a 'best-effort' type are transmitted through the default bearer, the default bearer is the basis of the advanced third generation mobile communication system.
A procedure of establishing the default bearer is performed by being included in an attachment procedure to be executed for the user equipment to firstly access the packet network. An exceptional case may occur in which only the attachment procedure is completed while the default bearer may not normally established due to various reasons.
At this time, even if the user equipment accesses the packet network, the user equipment cannot receive an IP service, a procedure for processing the exceptional case is required.
The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Method for processing exceptional case of establishing default bearer in mobile communication system and device therefor

ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH INSTITUTE


A new Calibrachoa plant named ‘Calpriwi’ particularly distinguished by the cultivar has medium to large sized, white colored flower, semi-trailing plant habit, medium green foliage, is very early to flower and is more floriferous throughout the season.

The present invention comprises a new Calibrachoa, botanically known as Calibrachoa spp., and hereinafter referred to by the variety name 'Calpriwi'.
'Calpriwi' is a product of a planned breeding program. The new cultivar has medium to large sized, white colored flowers, semi-trailing plant habit, medium green foliage, is very early to flower and is more floriferous throughout the season.
'Calpriwi' originated from a hybridization made in May 2004 in a controlled breeding environment in Enkhuizen, Netherlands. The female parent was the unpatented proprietary plant designated 'E0139-1', with light pink flowers, a more trailing plant habit and is later to flower.
The male parent of 'Calpriwi' was an unpatented proprietary plant identified as 'C4458-1' with white flowers, a little more upright habit, fewer branches and is less floriferous. The resultant seed was sown in February 2005.
'Calpriwi' was selected as one flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in May 2005 a controlled environment in Enkhuizen, Netherlands.
The first act of asexual reproduction of 'Calpriwi' was accomplished when vegetative cuttings were propagated from the initial selection in May 2005 in a controlled environment in Enkhuizen, Netherlands.


A remote monitoring system includes a sensor interface, a processor, and a wireless communication interface. The sensor interface receives sensor information from a sensor coupled to the sensor interface. The processor processes the sensor information into at least one data packet for transferring to a server. The wireless communication interface transfers the data packet over wireless communications to the server.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to monitoring conditions. More particularly, the present invention relates to the ability to monitor environmental conditions at a site with increased reliability and accuracy as well as the ability to access real-time data from a remote location.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In this age of modern electronics, there is an ever increasing need to monitor areas, devices and/or conditions in the event that an "emergency" condition occurs. For example, with mechanical devices, there is a high likelihood that the device will eventually malfunction. Knowing the occurrence of this event as soon as possible can save one millions and millions of dollars. In the event that the "emergency" event occurs, the appropriate personnel can be dispatched to remedy the malfunction or function.
Many times, monitoring the assets or conditions occurs in remote locations, where it is not feasible to have an individual or personnel to keep a check on the device. In the instance where personnel are used to monitor these conditions, it is usually set up on a schedule. The disadvantage with such a system is that the personnel could check the equipment and render it operable and in return have the equipment malfunction shortly after the personnel has left. The malfunction is then not detected until the personnel returns, which could be an extended period of time. In addition to monitoring equipment for possible malfunction or failure, it is becoming increasingly important to gather data from environmental sensors on a regular basis in some cases one-quarter hour intervals. In this situation it is impractical to have personnel on site to accomplish this task.
Another disadvantage with individual site checking is the amount of time and resources needed. Additionally, the system is unreliable because there is never constant monitoring, which means that there is a very good probability that the device or condition is not detected for a length of time that might be very crucial.
In order to combat these problems, devices have been introduced in an attempt to achieve more constant monitoring. Such devices include a camera or data logger placed at the remote site. However, the problem with this solution is that it requires an individual to monitor the camera or to show up on site to download the data logger in an attempt to identify the problem or collect the environmental data. Additionally, the camera is not always able to detect internal problems which are not visible. Information obtained from the data logger is much too latent to deal with a problem in a timely fashion.
Other solutions to this problem include linking the device or site to be monitored with a computer. More specifically, a data collector is placed at the device and/or site and monitored in order to detect any "emergency" conditions. The sensor, in this instance, is hardwired to the computer. With such an arrangement, the use of this solution is limited by the availability of power for the computer. Another downside to such an arrangement is the ability to remotely monitor assets such as pipelines or storage tanks where commercial power is not available. Therefore, this solution is limited by the availability of commercial power and the limited tether capability of the remote sensors.
Another problem with the current products are the types of sensors being employed. In such a setup, the sensors are generally analog in nature. There is virtually no ability to use other types of sensors along with these analog sensors. The analog sensors usually allow only one-way communication, which prevents the computer from analyzing and controlling the sensors. The sensor only has the ability to collect the data and transmit it back to the computer.
Additional prior art solutions to remote monitoring is the placement of an on site power source such a generator, which is placed for the sole purpose of providing a more consistent monitoring of the site and/or device. However, this solution has a number of drawbacks. For example, the generator and the fuel for the generator would need to be replaced as often as needed. As one can imagine, this solution, though more reliable, would require resources that are cost prohibitive, while at the same time does not provide the constant monitoring needed. A user of this solution would still need to employ personnel to maintain and fuel the generator system.
Even with a device where power can be maintained on a consistent basis, there is the problem of retrieving the data from the remote sites. For example, if a company wanted to monitor an oil pipeline, a grain storage facility, or a volumetric moisture environmental sensor, then an on-site monitoring system would need the capability to transmit the data back to the home base where it is then used to detect "emergency matters." However, this is not always feasible because of the inability to communicate this data from the remote location to a location to where it can be monitored.
Some of the prior art solutions to this problem have been to use circuit switched cellular connections in order to retrieve the sensor data. The sensor is attached to a computer, which is then attached to a circuit switched cellular transmitter. The data is transmitted into a wireless network where it is ultimately transmitted to the final location to be monitored. Problems with this technology is that each data transmission is set up like a conventional cellular voice phone call. This forces the user to pay large cellular bills to transmit a very limited amount of information. Most Cellular Services charge a 1 minute minimum and round up to the nearest minute. It is also possible that cellular coverage in rural areas is limited.
Solutions to the lack of reception is the addition of cellular transmitting towers. However, this is not a viable economic solution to most individuals. Another disadvantage of some wireless technology is the associated cost to use the airtime. For example, if the device collects data repeatedly through an hour or day, this data must be sent back to the base station to where it is collected and assembled. Each time the cellular modem is dialed into its ISP the "clock is running and cost begins to accumulate, which can become substantial over time. With the current sensors, such as analog, each sensor transmits the data as it is collected. Therefore, a system that has eight sensors would almost be in a constant transmitting mode on the circuit switched cellular technology
Another problem with the prior art is the ability to efficiently collect the data. In the prior art, the information is forwarded to a location where it is stored so that it can then be analyzed. Upon analyzing the data, an individual makes a decision whether to send out an alert message. When the message is dispatched, then the appropriate action is taken. Additional restrictions on the prior art solutions to the collection of the data are that it must be seen or analyzed from a central location. Those individuals that need to monitor the data need to be in this central location in order to monitor the data. Additionally, the data collected may not on a real-time basis, which can have serious implications.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a method and apparatus that enables one to monitor assets and/or conditions with a plurality of sensors. The method and apparatus can communicate with these sensors with relative ease. Furthermore, there is a desire to place these sensors in locations where access to traditional power and communication lines is virtually non-existent. There is a further need to be able gather and track this information in an efficient manner. In tracking this information, the ability to monitor the data, as it is collected, needs to be available to anyone regardless of their location.

Arthroscopic Surgery Associates Corporation


A SCC (Spinning Cone Column) includes a housing having a rotation axis, a supply part of at least one reactant formed inside of the housing, at least two spinning cones that are installed so as to have a constant gradient from the upper part to the lower part to the rotation axis, move reactants supplied through the reactant supply part, and rotate around the rotation axis, a fixed cone that is fixed and formed on the inner side of the housing, and provides a pathway for sequentially moving reactant from a spinning cone at the upper part to a spinning cone at the lower part, a product collection part for collecting reactants moved through the spinning cone and the fixed cone, and a driving part for rotating the spinning cone.

(a) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a SCC (spinning cone column) with improved mobility of material to be removed, more particularly to a SCC with improved mobility of material to be removed due to a wider distance between the upper stages than a distance between the lower stages.
(b) Description of the Related Art
In general, to obtain a product through a chemical reaction, a reaction device is required. As the reaction device, a batch reactor where raw product is added to one reactor, and then, a reaction is conducted through agitation, and the like has been generally used. However, according to this method, sufficient reactions are not achieved for a reaction requiring rapid material transfer speed, thus generating a large amount of non-raw product, and if a catalyst is used, a catalyst separation process is required thus increasing a cost as a reactor has large-capacity.
Therefore, Korean Registered Patent No. 961,765 has suggested a spinning disc reactor, but it has a problem in that disc residence time of raw material is short because spinning discs are horizontally arranged, and thus, a spinning cone column (SCC) with improved residence time of raw materials by multistage installation of inclined discs, namely cones has been preferred.
Meanwhile, the SCC may be applied for a gas liquid contact separation process. If the SCC is applied for a gas liquid contact separation process, stripping medium or gas phase material to be removed, and the like that is introduced in the lower part of the column moves to the upper part of the column. However, in a common SCC, since a distance between the upper stages is identical to or narrower than a distance between the lower stages in the housing, gas flow at the upper part of the column is not smooth, and thus, gas is difficult to be discharged from the column, and liquid flooding may be generated.

SCC with improvied mobility of material to be removed


Disclosed is a sander tool suited for sanding planar surfaces, and mechanisms enabling the pivoting of an ergonomic handle. Also disclosed is a sander tool having a detachable pole for use in reaching areas located outside the user's normal reach.

Sanding tools are used to finish surfaces, such as seams between drywall panels where excess drywall compound has been applied, or in smoothing other surfaces perhaps as a preliminary step to further finishing steps such as applying paints, varnishes or adhesives.
A problem exists, however, when sanding surfaces within a room which contains both wall sections which are easily within reach, as well as surfaces which one cannot easily reach without some sort of assistance. This problem has been previously solved through the use of such items which elevate the user, such as drywall stilts, drywall benches, ladders, and the like. These solutions, because they place the user at an elevated position, place the user at risk of being injured by a fall. In addition, it is cumbersome to lug around this additional equipment and time consuming to set up and change positions using these devices. Other solutions involve the use of separate hand sander devices for the vertical surfaces which are within reach, and then a separate sanding tool having a pole attached for the out-of-reach surfaces, such as ceilings. The problem with this last approach is in having twice the number of tools necessary to finish the surfaces. Not only does the user have to keep track of and carry these extra items to each jobsite, but he or she has to be careful to maintain the same type and grit of sandpaper loaded in each so that the resulting surface finishes match one another.
The applicants' Sander Tool Apparatus, the subject of U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,876, provides for interchangeable top structures of a sanding tool—one with a handle for sanding surfaces within the user's reach, and one with a universal joint and threaded pole coupler, in addition to a threaded pole, for reaching distally located surfaces.
The present disclosure discloses a sander tool which solves many of these problems that are associated with existing sander tools. It will be appreciated that the disclosure may disclose more than one invention. The invention(s) is(are) pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part hereof.

Sander tool with pivoting handle and attachable pol


A method for reducing air infiltration in a building having a frame constructed with wooden components. Glue is applied to abutting wooden surfaces to provide a seal between such surfaces to prevent air flow between such surfaces.

This invention is directed to a method for reducing infiltration of air into a residence or other building, which reduction in air infiltration results in a reduction in heating and cooling requirements.
In insulating a building it has been the prior practice to reduce the infiltration of air into and within the building by applying caulk to fill some gaps between boards, voids and other locations where air would otherwise have an opportunity to seep into the building and from one location in the building to another location. For example, between two components of a double stud supporting a window header, there is typically a small gap in places where the two surfaces do not lay completely flat against each other. It has been the practice to apply a strip of caulk along such seams in order to fill in any gaps where air would tend to have an opportunity to flow. A disadvantage of this approach has been that this filling in of gaps provides is incomplete and, particularly over time as the abutting pieces move relative to each other, further gaps are formed which allow air to nonetheless flow between the abutting components. Caulk does not expand and contract sufficiently to keep such gaps sealed through seasonal cycles.

Air infiltration prevention in buildings


A system and method are provided to generate a secure integrated development environment (IDE). In one embodiment, a plurality of modules in a source code associated with a conventional IDE is detected. One or more modules of the plurality of modules that are to be modified are identified. One or more modifying components are identified and are to be associated with the one or more modules that are to be modified. A secure IDE is generated by updating the conventional IDE by modifying the one or more modules in the source code associated with the conventional IDE, wherein the one or more modules are modified by associating the one or more modifying components to the corresponding one or more modules.

An IDE, also known as integrated design environment and integrated debugging environment, is a type of computer software that assists computer programmers to develop software. IDEs typically have a source code editor, a compiler and/or interpreter, build-automation tools and a debugger. Sometimes a version control system and various tools that simplify the construction of a GUI are integrated as well. Many IDEs also integrate a class browser, an object inspector, and a class hierarchy diagram for use with object oriented software development. Although some multiple-language IDEs are in use, typically an IDE is devoted to building software using a specific programming language. In the past, the source code for most IDEs was not published and deemed proprietary to the company owning the IDE. However, of late, IDEs that support development of software in multiple languages are available. Some of these multi-language IDEs are also open sourced so that they can be enhanced and maintained by a community of developers rather than a single corporation. Examples of multi-language open source IDEs include Eclipse and NetBeans.
Typically, a software developer pulls up the IDE at a desktop at a company's facility or dials in from a remote location over a secure or unsecure connection. The developer then writes code using the IDE, such as Java® NetBeans. The NetBeans IDE is an open-source integrated development environment written entirely in Java® using the NetBeans Platform. Currently, it is relatively easy for the developer or third party to steal code from the system running the integrated development environment by simply making a copy of the source Code by use of the network or removable media. In the present environment, it is difficult to detect such a security breach of the company's trade secrets and intellectual property (IP), the reason being that it is virtually impossible to differentiate an attempt to access the source code for legitimate reasons, i.e., software development, from an attempt to access the source code with the intent to pirate it.
There are several current practices that attempt to protect IP from theft. A developer may use a computer without a universal serial bus (USB) connection or disk drive and no external network connection to prevent copying. A project may also be split into different pieces at different locations, so that no single employee has access to the complete code base. Biometric and fingerprinting techniques may be used to track what employees are doing. Code-tracking like digital watermarking techniques may be used to track copies. However, available techniques do not provide fast automated transparent cost effective protection at the root while also protecting the source code at all times without a dependency on physical protections and without loss of developer productivity.
For example, FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art software development environment and areas of source code vulnerability. The software development environment 100 includes an corporate wide area network (corporate area) 102 includes a couple of subnets, such as an on-site development area 104 and an off-shore development area 106 in communication with each other, having a number of components, as illustrated. The corporate area 102 is also shown to be in communication with an out sourced development area 108 and a home work area 110 along with a mobile user 112. However, given this conventional software development environment 100, the corporate area 102 represents potential points of source code vulnerability to an unauthorized user (e.g., thief) 114 waiting to cause the unwanted and expensive damage.
In view of the foregoing, it may be useful to provide methods and systems that address the aforementioned and other difficulties. Other limitations of the conventional systems will become apparent to those of skill in the art upon a reading of the specification and a study of the drawings.

Method and system for generating and employing a secure integrated development environment


Crowd-sourced device control can include monitoring a physical state associated with a user of the mobile device and performing relevant-device polling in response to detecting a change in the physical state associated with the user. Crowd-sourced device control also can include determining an operational parameter setting for the mobile device based on a relevant-device consensus determined by the relevant-device polling. Responsive to the operational parameter setting, as determined based on the relevant-device consensus, being different than a current setting of the operational parameter, a response action by the mobile device can be initiated.

This disclosure relates to wireless mobile devices, and more particularly, to mechanisms for enhancing the use of such devices.
The rapid and continuing growth in the use of mobile phones and other wireless devices is well-known. Such devices enable users to communicate with others over vast distances from virtually any location. With the convergence of telephony and computing, most mobile devices such as smartphones and laptops combine wireless communication and computing capabilities in a single, multi-purpose mobile device.

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION


According to one aspect of the present invention, the provided is an array substrate. Specifically, the first conductive strip that is coupled to the first data shorting bar and the second conductive strip that is coupled to the second data shorting bar are formed on the array substrate. The width of the first conductive strip is greater than the width of the first data shorting bar. The width of the second conductive strip is greater than the width of the second data shorting bar. The first conductive strip is overlapped with the second conductive strip. Such a structure of the array substrate effectively increases the overlapped capacitance between the data metal layer and the gate metal layer.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the technical field of displaying, and more particularly to an array substrate, a manufacturing method for the same, and a display device.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the manufacturing process for an array substrate of the Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD), an important procedure for ensuring the production yield rate lies in preventing and controlling the occurrence of discharging of the static electricity.
An Advanced Super Dimension Switch (ADS) LCD is taken as an example. Advanced Super Dimension Switch may form a multi-dimensional electric field mainly by an electric field generated by a slit electrode edge and another electric field generated between a slit electrode layer and a plate electrode layer on a same plane, so that each of all oriented liquid crystal molecules between the slit electrodes in a liquid crystal box and just above the electrodes may render a rotation, and thus the operation efficiency of the liquid crystals is improved and the light transmission efficiency is increased. The ADS may improve the image quality of a TFT-LCD product, and has the advantages of high resolution, high transmittance, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, high aperture ratio, low chromatic aberration, push Mura free, and etc.
FIG. 1 illustrates a layout diagram for an array substrate of a conventional ADS LCD, and the array substrate comprises an even data shorting bar 170 formed by etching a gate metal layer and an odd data shorting bar 171 formed by etching a data metal layer. The even data shorting bar 170 is coupled to a data line in even columns on the array substrate by a via hole, and the odd data shorting bar 171 is directly coupled to a data line in odd columns on the array substrate. During the dry etching process for forming an active layer pattern of a TFT channel region on the array substrate, ions and free radicals for etching the active layer are bombarded, so that the data metal layer pattern carries electrostatic charges, the electrostatic charges aggregated at different positions on the data line are in different electric potentials, and the electrostatic charges on the odd data line may migrate and achieve a balance by the odd data shorting bar. When the balancing process of a large amount of electrostatic charges is implemented in a temporal magnitude of nanoseconds or microseconds, the electrostatic discharging is generated. A peak value of the electrostatic discharging may reach dozens of amperes, the instantaneous power is very large, and the generated energy of the electrostatic discharging electromagnetic pulses is significant enough to burn down the metal of the odd data shorting bar, which results in that a detecting signal cannot be loaded for the array substrate during the subsequent array testing process. Thus the detecting and repairing of the electric defects deteriorates. Furthermore, the intensity of the electric field generated on the gate insulation layer at the overlap between the data metal layer pattern and the gate metal layer pattern is stronger and stronger along with the continuous aggregation of the electrostatic charges on the data lines. When the intensity approaches a certain level, the strong electric field may break down a weak point of the gate insulation layer, and release the electrostatic charges of the data metal layer to the gate metal layer. As a result, the data metal layer and the gate metal layer may be short circuited, and such generated electrostatic discharging may significantly reduce the production yield rates of the array substrate.

Array substrate, manufacturing method for the same and display device

BEIJING BOE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.


In one embodiment, a router includes a plurality of line cards each operable to receive at least one packet comprising an identifier associated with a destination element external to the router. Each line card includes a look-up table operable to facilitate routing the received packet toward the destination element based at least in part on the identifier. The router further includes a plurality of optical transmitters each associated with one of the line cards and operable to generate at a specified wavelength an optical router signal comprising at least a portion of the packet received by the line card associated with that optical transmitter. The router also includes a star switching fabric operable to receive a plurality of optical router signals from the plurality of optical transmitters and to communicate to each of a plurality of tunable filters a substantially similar set of at least some of the plurality of optical router signals. Each of the plurality of tunable filters is operable to selectively tune to a wavelength of one of the plurality of optical router signals to facilitate communication of the packet associated with that optical router signal toward the destination element.

As optical systems continue to increase the volume and speed of information communicated, the need for methods and apparatus operable to facilitate high speed optical signal processing also escalates. Current optical router designs typically require either limiting the number of line cards to a relatively small number thereby significantly limiting the router's capacity, or implementing numerous line cards but requiring optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical conversions at the switching fabric serving the line cards. These conversions result in reduced router speed and typically require significant system resources for storage and management during conversion.

Optical routing using a star switching fabric


The present embodiments provide methods, systems and apparatuses that facilitate communication between two or more devices. Some of these methods identify a first communication to be transmitted and generate a first plurality of frames such that bit data of each of the frames of the first plurality of frames is different than the bit data of each of the other frames of the first plurality of frames, and that a first frame of the first plurality of frames include at least a first portion of the first communication. The first plurality of frames can then be transmitted.

Serial communication is a common mode of communicating data. Communicating through infrared (IR) light emission and detection is an example of a serial communication method. Infrared (IR) communication units are relatively common and user interfaces, for example, of audio/visual products.
There are multiple IR signal formats. Many of these formats, however, are similar. In some instances, the IR communication forwards commands between two devices. In some IR formats, frames are used to implement the communications. Often these frames include a receiving device product type identification and a command that is to be implemented by the receiving device.


A web (14) and associated method for applying lettering to a fabric substrate (12), having a substantially transparent carrier sheet (16) consisting essentially of a plastic film, or layer (18) of pigmented thermoplastic or thermoset material coated on and peelable from the carrier sheet, and an adhesive layer (20) for bonding the pigmented layer to a water repellant substrate such as nylon. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the pigmented thermoplastic material is polyurethane and the adhesive system is a composite layer of a solvent-based urethane adhesive coating (26) on the pigmented layer and a water-based urethane adhesive coating (28) on the solvent-based adhesive coating. The water-based coating preferably includes cross-linking agents.

The present invention relates to an adhesive system and associated method for attaching lettering or other graphics to a garment or similar substrate, by the application of heat and pressure.
My co-pending U.S. patent application No. 805,000 filed Dec. 10, 1991 for "Heat Applied Athletic Lettering", describes a layered plastic web that is particularly adapted for attachment of urethane lettering or the like to a garment substrate. A web is fabricated by coating at least one layer of thermoplastic material, preferably pigmented polyurethane, onto a transparent or transluscent plastic film, preferably polyester. The resulting web can readily be cut by a computer controlled blade to produce virtually any graphic pattern, including intricate or small letters that may be connected or separated from each other, without penetration of the blade through the carrier sheet. The graphic sheet adheres strongly enough to the carrier sheet, preferably with a peel value in the range of 15-30 ounces, to prevent sliding of the graphic sheet relative to the carrier sheet during cutting, yet permitting release of the carrier sheet after attachment of the graphic by the application of heat and pressure. Thus an "adhesive up" type of web is provided for polyurethane lettering, whereby the graphic can be cut and peeled from the web, and the graphic, while still adhered to the carrier sheet, placed against the fabric. The clarity of the plastic carrier sheet permits exact placement of the letters on the fabric, e.g., on or relative to a shirt pocket.
Despite the significant advance in the art represented by the invention described in said application, neither that invention nor any other lettering system known to the inventor, is capable of easily and reliably attaching lettering or graphics to nylon, satin, canvas, or similar garment substrates that have been treated to resist or repel water, stains, etc. Stahls' Encyclopedia of Heat Applied Lettering, 2nd Ed. Version 2.1 (Library of Congress Registration TXU 133-924) warns on page 12 that Flock lettering will fall off waterproof or even satin jackets, although they appear to stick initially. Promotional materials pertaining to Gerber Heat Transfer Flock, Lextra multicolor velour decoration products, and Hix heat transfer application machines, all carry a warning against attempting to apply plastic lettering material to a nylon or similar substrate.

Adhesive system for athletic lettering and the like


A panel connected body comprises: a plurality of thin panels arranged in a matrix of m rows and n columns; and a connection portion connecting the plurality of thin panels in a row direction and a column direction, wherein the panel connected body is foldable between adjacent thin panels of the plurality of thin panels. The connection portion has, alternately in the column direction, a first type row satisfying relationships D1≥2L and Dy≥Dy−1+2L and a second type row satisfying relationships Dn≥2L and Dy≥Dy+1+2L, where Dy is a length of the connection portion between thin panels P adjacent in the column direction at a yth column, and L is a thickness of each of the plurality of thin panels in a vertical direction.

In recent years, there has been growing demand for portable power generation devices to enable users to use mobile devices such as smartphones, notebook personal computers (PCs), and tablet PCs even when they are outside with no access to a commercial power supply.
For example, JP H9-51118 A (PTL 1) discloses a sheet-shaped solar cell (photoelectric conversion module connected body) in which a plurality of solar cells (photoelectric conversion modules) arranged with a predetermined spacing and a flexible conductive member (connection portion) connecting electrodes of the solar cells are sandwiched vertically between sheet-shaped transparent film members having flexibility and elasticity. When in use, the photoelectric conversion module connected body can be unfolded to extract electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion modules and use the electric power in an external device. When not in use, the sheet-shaped solar cell can be folded to be easily stored or carried.
There are other foldable panel connected bodies besides photoelectric conversion module connected bodies. For example, JP 2007-32171 A (PTL 2) discloses a foldable board (panel connected body) configured to sequentially increase or decrease the widths of gussets corresponding to laterally extending folds. Such a panel connected body can be conveniently stored or transported in a folded state even though it has a certain thickness.

Panel connected body, power generation module connected body, photoelectric conversion module connected body, and power generation device


The invention provides a boiler provided with low cost means which can reduce a concentration of CO, an unburned matter, an attached ash and the like near a side wall and maintain a combustion state well with a simple structure. In a boiler having a combustion chamber 13 formed by front and rear walls (burner walls) provided with a plural stages of burners 2, 3 and 4 on at least one of them and opposing to each other, and side walls 1a and 1b crossing to said burner walls 14a and 14b, a gas port 6 containing no fuel for making a pressure of a gas near said side walls 1a and 1b within said combustion chamber 13 higher than a pressure of a gas at a center portion of said combustion chamber 13 is provided between an outermost burner and the side walls 1a and 1b within a range of a height of said burner stages 2, 3 and 4. A combustion gas 16 can not come close to the side walls 1a and 1b due to the jet 18 of the gas.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a boiler, and more particularly, to a boiler which is preferable for reducing a concentration of CO, an unburned matter, an attached ash and the like near a side wall of a furnace.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In order to improve a heat efficiency of a boiler, it is necessary to reduce a concentration of a carbon monoxide (CO) and an unburned matter within a furnace. In order to reduce the concentration of CO and the unburned matter within the furnace, there has been known the following method.
A first method corresponds to a method of adjusting an operation condition, in particular, a method of adjusting an air flow amount in a burner and an air flow amount in an after air port for a two stage combustion.
A second method corresponds to a method of supplying an air to a space in which an unburned matter is increased. As an example of the second method, a method of supplying an air along a wall of a furnace is shown in Japanese Utility Model Unexamined Publication Nos. 59-92346 and 2-122909, and Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication Nos. 62-131106 and 3-286918.
Among these conventional examples, in Japanese Utility Model Unexamined Publication Nos. 59-92346 and 2-122909, and Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 3-286918, there is disclosed a boiler in which an air port is provided in a lower portion of a burner stage.
In Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 62-131106, there is disclosed a boiler in which the air ports are provided on four walls of the furnace and the air ports are provided on upper and lower portions and an intermediate height of a plurality of burner stages.
Inventors have verified an effectiveness of the conventional first and second methods mentioned above on the basis of a measurement and a numerical analysis of an actual boiler. As a result, it has become apparent that the concentration of CO and the unburned matter in the combustion gas have been still high near the side wall crossing to the wall having the burner at least at a height of the burner stage, even when any of these methods is employed. Further, it has become apparent that the ash is attached to the side wall in the case of burning a coal.
The reason is that the combustion gas generated from the burner comes near the side wall crossing to the wall having the burner since the pressure near the side wall is lower than that of the combustion area at the center of the furnace.
A countermeasure thereof is shown in Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 7-98103. In this example, there is suggested a boiler comprising a plurality of burners and a plurality of air inlet ports for a two stage combustion disposed downstream of the burners, which is structured such that an auxiliary combustion port for supplying a gas for combustion having an oxygen partial pressure of 10% or less is provided between a side wall of a furnace and a burner so as to adjust an injection amount of the gas for combustion injected from the auxiliary combustion port and a direction of a jet, thereby preventing a burner jet from returning to the side wall of the furnace.
However, in this prior art, a pipe for supplying the gas for combustion having the oxygen partial pressure of 10% or less to the auxiliary combustion port is required. Since it is necessary to arrange a pipe for supplying the gas for combustion having a length of about some tens meters, a great cost increase can not be avoidable.
An object of the present invention is to provide a boiler structured such as to prevent a combustion gas from coming near a side wall by using an air, an oxygen, a combustion exhaust gas and the like.
The present invention provides a boiler comprising a combustion chamber formed by front and rear walls and a side wall crossing to said front and rear walls and a plural stages of burners placed on at least one of said front and rear walls, in which in order to make a pressure of a gas within said combustion chamber higher in a portion near the side wall than at a center portion of said combustion chamber, a gas port is provided between an outermost row burner and said side wall within a range of a height of said burner stages.
The present invention also provides a boiler comprising a combustion chamber formed by front and rear walls and a side wall crossing to said front and rear walls and a plural stages of burners placed on at least one of said front and rear walls, in which in order to make a pressure of a gas near said side wall within said combustion chamber higher than a pressure of a gas at a center portion of said combustion chamber, a gas jet port is provided in said side wall within a range of a height of said burner stages.
The present invention further provides a boiler comprising a combustion chamber formed by front and rear walls and a side wall crossing to said front and rear walls, a plural stages of burners placed on at least one of said front and rear walls and an after air port for a two stage combustion disposed downstream said burner stages, wherein at least one stage gas jet port for making a pressure of a gas near said side wall within said combustion chamber higher than a pressure of a gas at a center portion of said combustion chamber is provided between an outermost row burner and said side wall within a range of a height of said burner stages and a plural stages of gas jet ports are provided between said lowermost stage burner and said after air port.
In each of the boilers mentioned above, it is desirable that said gas port is provided at portions of said opposing front and rear walls, said portions having the same height, and wherein gas supply means for injecting said jet at a speed at which a gas jet from said opposing gas port collides in the middle of said front and rear walls is provided.
The present invention, more particularly, provides a boiler as cited in any one of the structures mentioned above, comprising supply means for supplying a pulverized coal as a fuel and an air for transferring said pulverized coal to said plural stages of burners, and supply means for supplying an air for combustion to said plural stages of burners and supply means for supplying a gas for jetting to said gas port, in which there is provided control means for controlling a flow amount of the jet from said gas port on the basis of a load demand of said boiler and a coal type information so as to reduce a flow amount of the jet from said gas port when a load of said boiler is low and increase a flow amount of the jet from said gas port in accordance that the load of said boiler becomes higher.
The present invention further provides a boiler as cited in any one of the structures mentioned above, comprising supply means for supplying a pulverized coal as a fuel and an air for transferring said pulverized coal to said plural stages of burners, and supply means for supplying an air for combustion to said plural stages of burners and supply means for supplying a gas for jetting to said gas port, in which measurement means for measuring a concentration of a carbon monoxide (CO) in a combustion gas near said side wall is provided, and there is provided control means for controlling a flow amount of the jet from said gas port on the basis of a load demand of said boiler and a measured result of said concentration of CO so as to reduce a flow amount of the jet from said gas port when a load of said boiler is low, increase a flow amount of the jet from said gas port in accordance that the load of said boiler becomes higher and reduce a flow amount of the jet from said gas port when said concentration of CO is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
The control means may be means for increasing the flow amount of said jet in accordance with a lowness of a fuel ratio in a pulverized coal.
The supply means for supplying the gas for jetting to said gas port may be means for branching the air for combustion of said burner so as to make the air for jetting. In this case, it is preferable that a flow amount adjusting damper is provided in each of a flow passage of the air for combustion and a flow passage of the air for jetting.
The supply means for supplying the gas for jetting to said gas port may be means for branching the air for transferring said pulverized coal so as to make the air for jetting.
In the case that an after air port for a two stage combustion is placed downstream said burner stage, the supply means for supplying the gas for jetting to said gas port can be means for branching the after air so as to make the air for jetting.
In accordance with the present invention, since in a boiler comprising a combustion chamber formed by front and rear walls and a side wall crossing to said front and rear walls and a plural stages of burners placed on at least one of said front and rear walls, in order to make a pressure of a gas within said combustion chamber higher in a portion near the side wall than at a center portion of said combustion chamber, a gas port is provided between an outermost row burner and said side wall within a range of a height of said burner stages, it is possible to increase a pressure of the gas near the side wall so as to prevent the combustion gas from coming close to the side wall, thereby reducing an attachment of the ash due to a collision of the combustion gas, a concentration of CO at an outlet of the combustion chamber and an unburned matter.


A method of monitoring oil level in a tank of an aircraft engine, including: for at least two predetermined operating stages of the engine, during at least one mission of the aircraft: obtaining a plurality of measurements of an oil level of the tank, each measurement being associated with an oil temperature and with an engine speed of rotation, and selecting measurements representative of oil level variations and associated with oil temperatures that are close to a reference temperature and with engine speeds of rotation that are close to a reference speed of rotation; aggregating the measurements selected over the operating stages and during the at least one mission of the aircraft; and comparing the aggregated measurements with reference data to identify abnormal oil consumption of the engine.

The present invention relates to the general field of aviation.
More particularly it relates to monitoring the oil consumption of an aeroengine in operation, such as a turbine engine, for example.
In order to estimate the oil consumption of an aeroengine, it is known to count the number of cans of oil poured into the tank of the engine during planned maintenance of the engine (e.g. between successive missions). The quantity of oil corresponding to the number of cans poured in on each filling is recorded on a sheet, and a sliding average is calculated over a plurality of fillings so as to obtain an estimate of the mean oil consumption of the engine. The estimate is then compared with a predetermined reference threshold in order to detect abnormal oil consumption by the engine.
That technique is implemented manually by most airlines. In addition, it does not take account of the difference between oil levels in the tank between the beginning and the end of the period over which the mean is calculated, and that can lead to inaccuracies in the estimated oil consumption.
A second technique that airlines use in certain maintenance computers consists in measuring the level of oil contained in the tank before each takeoff and after each landing of the aircraft. The oil levels as measured in that way are then compared in order to estimate oil consumption over the mission of the aircraft.
It can thus be understood that in order to obtain a reliable estimate of the oil consumption of the engine, that technique requires relatively accurate oil level sensors to be used. Furthermore, that technique does not take account of the quantity of oil that is circulating outside the tank, which quantity may vary depending on various parameters (oil viscosity, engine speed, etc.).

Method and system for monitoring the level of oil contained in a tank of an aircraft engine


In various implementations, a roller shade assembly may include an elongated body and a mechanism. The mechanism may include gears and a spring. The mechanism may allow the roller shade to be locked and/or unlocked using a driver. Internal component(s) of the roller shade may be adjusted using the driver.

Roller shades may be used in a variety of applications, such as recreational vehicles, boats, and/or houses. The roller shades may include a tube with a shade. The shade may be rolled about the tube such that the shade may be extended from the tube to provide shade and/or refracted such that at least a portion of the shade wraps around the tube.

Roller shade assembly adjustment mechanism


An article transport facility includes a connecting actuator device for moving an eject portion of an inactive gas supplying device relative to a support portion of a ceiling transport vehicle in order to change the positional relationship between the support portion and the eject portion between a connecting positional relationship and a separating positional relationship. The inactive gas supplying device is configured to eject the inactive gas from the eject portion with the connection between the eject portion and the container maintained after the positional relationship between the support portion and the eject portion is changed to the connecting positional relationship.

An example of an article transport facility, such as one described above is described in JP Publication of Application No. 2012-044033 (Patent Document 1). In the article transport facility of Patent Document 1, a container storage for storing an article is provided to a side of a travel path along which an article transport vehicle travels. And an inactive gas supplying device for ejecting inactive gas from an eject portion is provided to the container storage. As such, by providing the container storage with the inactive gas supplying device, the article transport facility of Patent Document 1 is configured to supply inactive gas into the container making use of the time the container is stored in the container storage.
To describe in more detail, the article transport vehicle includes a vertical movement actuator for vertically moving a support portion for supporting a container. And the container storage includes a horizontal movement actuator by which the eject portion is moved horizontally. And after the article transport vehicle is stopped at a travel stop position defined in advance for the container storage, the eject portion is projected horizontally by the horizontal movement actuator so as to position the eject portion directly below the container supported by the support portion of the article transport vehicle. Subsequently, the support portion is lowered by the vertical movement actuator to connect the container to the eject portion.
As such, by horizontally moving the eject portion with the horizontal movement actuator and vertically moving the support portion with the vertical movement actuator, the positional relationship between the support portion and the eject portion can be changed between a connecting positional relationship in which the eject portion is connected to the container supported by the support portion and a separating positional relationship in which the eject portion is separated from the container supported by the support portion.
Incidentally, in the article transport facility of Patent Document 1, the nitrogen gas supply passage for supplying inactive gas to the eject portion becomes disconnected at its intermediate location when the eject portion is horizontally moved by the horizontal movement actuator. As such, the inactive gas supplying device is configured such that it cannot eject the inactive gas through the eject portion when the eject portion is projected horizontally by the horizontal movement actuator.
Therefore, in the article transport facility of Patent Document 1, in order to eject inactive gas from the eject portion to supply the inactive gas to the container, the ceiling transport vehicle releases the support of the container by the support portion after the container is connected to the eject portion, and the inactive gas supplying device causes the eject portion to be retracted horizontally by the horizontal movement actuator to cause the nitrogen gas supply passage to be re-connected at the intermediate location. In the conventional article transport facility, the inactive gas supplying device is configured to eject inactive gas from the eject portion to supply inactive gas to the container after the eject portion is retracted as described above.


In one embodiment, a non-transitory processor-readable medium stores code representing instructions that when executed cause a processor to obtain a first mutual exclusion object. The first mutual exclusion object can be a write mutual exclusion object associated with a shared resource. The code can further represent instructions that when executed cause the processor to obtain a second mutual exclusion object associated with an object manager module and define a read event object with a name conforming to a predetermined format. The code can further represent instructions that when executed cause the processor to release the second mutual exclusion object, release the first mutual exclusion object, read at least a portion of the shared resource, obtain the second mutual exclusion object, destroy the read event object and release the second mutual exclusion object.

Embodiments described herein relate generally to synchronization and use of shared resources within a computing environment, and more particularly to methods and apparatus for providing process-safe read/write locks on a shared resource to enable multiple-read, single-write functionality.
Known methods of preserving the data integrity of a shared resource within a computing environment employ a variety of constructs. For example, some approaches employ one or more mutual exclusion ("mutex") and/or semaphore programming constructs that together ensure that only a single process or thread may have write access to the shared resource at any given time. In such approaches, the semaphore typically maintains a count of the number of processes or threads currently reading or requesting to read from the shared resource, and the mutex allows a process or thread to write to the shared resource only when the count of reader processes or threads is zero. However, the count can be artificially high when a process that owns/has spawned a reader thread terminates ungraciously, as there is generally no mechanism for directing the semaphore to decrement the count when this occurs (since the process has terminated without warning). The artificially-high count thus causes a condition known as "starvation," wherein a process or thread waiting to write to the shared resource is never permitted to do so since the semaphore's reader count will never fall to zero. Some known methods of overcoming this condition require the closure of all processes and/or applications accessing the shared resource, and/or restarting of the operating system.
Thus, a need exists for a read/write lock mechanism that accurately tracks the number of reader process or threads seeking to access a shared resource and gracefully handles the unexpected termination of one or more processes.