There is provided a flame-retardant insulated electric wire having an aluminum conductor, which is excellent in long-term thermal resistance, flame retardancy, stretchability, and abrasion resistance. The present invention relates to a flame-retardant insulated electric wire containing a conductor containing an aluminum-based material and an insulating coating layer which coats the conductor, wherein the insulating coating layer is formed of a resin composition containing 100 parts by weight of a base resin containing (A) a polypropylene-based resin and (B) an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer and a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, (C) 50 to 150 parts by weight of a flame retardant, and (D) 0.35 to 6.00 parts by weight of a metal scavenger.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a flame-retardant insulated electric wire obtained by coating an aluminum-based conductor with a flame-retardant resin composition.
2. Background Art
Hitherto, as flame-retardant insulated electric wires to be routed in automobiles, those obtained by coating a copper (Cu) wire with a resin composition using a polyvinyl chloride resin as a base resin have been frequently used. A polyvinyl chloride resin has excellent material properties such as flame retardancy and mechanical properties. However, there has arisen an environmental problem since harmful gases such as halogen-based gases are generated when the polyvinyl chloride resin is burned at incineration, vehicle fire, or the like.
Accordingly, in recent years, as halogen-free resin compositions, there have been developed resin compositions using a polyolefin-based resin and an olefin-based resin or a styrene-based resin as a base resin (for example, see JPA-2008-231317). In order to form a halogen-free insulating coating, the resin composition inevitably requires large amounts of additives owing to the properties of a copper wire. Namely, in the resin composition, long-term stability of mechanical strength is improved through prevention of decomposition and deterioration by adding various additives to the above base resin. As a specific example, it is necessary to include 50 to 100 parts by weight of a metal hydrate and, as additives, 3 to 5 parts by weight of a phenol-based antioxidant, 0.1 to 1.0 part by weight of a salicylic acid-based metal scavenger, 3 to 5 parts by weight of a hydrazine-based metal scavenger, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of a metal oxide into 100 parts by weight of a base material composed of a polyolefin-based resin and an olefin-based resin or a styrene-based resin. Thus, when amounts of the additives to be added increase, there is a problem that weight increases as a whole flame-retardant insulated electric wire.
In recent automobile parts, weight saving is desired and hence weight saving is required even as an electric wire for automobiles. Accordingly, it has been proposed to change a conductor from copper (Cu) into aluminum (Al).


A mattress covering in the form of a fitted mattress pad or fitted sheet having a top portion, an inelastic side skirt, and an elastic underskirt with the top portion dimensioned to fit a standard size mattress and the side skirt and underskirt being dimensioned to fit a range of mattress heights. The side skirt can be made of the same quilted or sheet material as the top portion for attractive appearance, or it can be made of other material, such as inexpensive single ply, non-woven, sheeting. The elastic underskirt can be made of three ply laminated material having a pair of inelastic outer plies gathered and bonded to an elastic inner ply. An elastic strand is secured in a peripheral fold in the underskirt to facilitate retention of the covering on a mattress.

The present invention relates generally to mattress coverings, such as mattress pads and sheets, and more particularly to a new and improved fitted mattress covering capable of practical and effective use with mattresses of a standard top surface size and standard range of heights.
Fitted mattress pads and sheets are commonly used and are available in various forms. Probably the simplest form of fitted sheet or mattress pad is one having the top and sides formed of the same material that is cut and sewn to fit a standard size or range of sizes of mattresses and has an elastic band or cord attached around the lower periphery to draw the lower edge of the covering under the mattress to retain the covering in fitted condition. The corners of this type of covering are either straight in the vertical direction or curved to facilitate pulling in under mattresses of varying heights. Such coverings have the advantage of ease of manufacture and the desirable appearance of the sides being of the same material as the top, e.g. quilted sides and top. They have the disadvantage, however, of utilizing only an elastic band to retain an otherwise inelastic covering on a mattress, and they have the disadvantage of being expensive to make the covering with the top surface material, e.g. quilted material, extending down through the sides sufficient to provide enough material to extend under a mattress of relatively high height so that the covering can be sold for use with mattresses of varying heights.
Another form of covering is a mattress pad that has a quilted top and a laminated multi-ply elastic side skirt that extends downwardly sufficiently to cover the sides and extends under mattresses of varying heights within a standard range for retention of the covering of the mattress. An elastic band or cord is attached to the lower periphery to facilitate retention of the covering on the mattress. Normally, such coverings are made with corners that are curved in the vertical direction to facilitate fitting under mattresses of varying height. Such mattress coverings have the disadvantage of a different, and less desirable, appearance of the sides due to the use of the laminated material rather than being able to use the same material, such as the sheet or quilted material of the top.

Inelastic mattress covering with an elastic underskirt


A hydraulic control arrangement for activating a double-acting actuating cylinder, which is connected on the piston side to a road finisher and on the piston-rod side to a screed of the road finisher, is provided. The hydraulic control arrangement includes a supply connection, a tank connection and two consumer connections, in which a loading pressure or a relief pressure is applied to the piston of the actuating cylinder via the consumer connections. The loading pressure or relief pressure is controlled as a function of a defined operating state, and, in a controlling-the-screed-load operating state, the relief pressure supplied to the actuating cylinder on the piston-rod side is controlled via a proportional pressure control valve.

In conventional road finishers with floating screeds, the screed, which is articulated to the chassis of the road carrier and is drawn thereby, is held in a desired position or moved, so that defined laying conditions are met, by means of hydraulic actuating cylinders which are connected on the piston side or housing side to the chassis of the road finisher and on the piston-rod side to the screed.
In the laying of mixed material, allowance must be made for various factors which decisively influence the laying quality. For example, the temperature of the mixed material to be laid has an important role. It is also important to adhere to a constant laying speed. External disturbances may mean that the position of the screed has to be rapidly altered in relation to the substrate. During stopping or starting of the road finisher, particular skill is required in order to properly carry out the construction work and thus to avoid expensive reworking

Hydraulic control arrangement for the screed of a road finisher


The use of fatty oil ex Helianthus annuus containing 78 to 92% by weight oleic acid and 2 to 10% by weight linoleic acid for the production of alkali metal, ammonium and/or alkanolammonium salts of optionally dihydroxy-substituted fatty acids as emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization. Excellent polymerization results are obtained despite the high linoleic acid content.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the use of a fatty oil ex Helianthus annuus for the preparation of emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization.
2. Statement of Related Art
It is known that alkali metal salts of fatty acids are particularly suitable for the emulsion polymerization of monomers, such as butadiene, styrene, chloroprene or acrylonitrile; cf. R. R. Dunbrook, India Rubber Wld. 117, 203 (1948). Stable latices are formed and may readily be coagulated by acidification or with a saturated sodium chloride solution. It has been shown that, compared with one another, the salts of C.sub.16 -C.sub.18 fatty acids used as emulsifiers in the copolymerization of butadiene give the same polymerization velocities of the monomers (H. Bartl , Houben-Weyl , Methoden der organischen Chemie, Vol. XIV/1, Makromolekulare Stoffe, Part 1, page 193, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart (1961). Unsaturated fatty acids are distinguished from saturated fatty acids having the same number of carbon atoms by their liquid consistency and by the better solubility of their alkali metal salts. This provides for better handling in practice. For example, sodium oleate has already played a significant role in the development of the emulsion polymerization of synthetic rubber. It is an effective emulsifier, even at low temperatures (M. H. Reich, B. Moss, J. M. Gyenge, Rubber Age (N.Y.) 76, page 391 (1954)). In addition, sodium and potassium oleate as polymerization emulsifiers are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,469,132; U.S. Pat. No. 2,589,919; U.S. Pat. No. 2,418,782; German Patent 923,333; GB 744,455; and U.S. Pat. No. 2,623,032.
Although oleates are thus well known as polymerization emulsifiers, it has been found that polymerization is affected where the soaps contain relatively large proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This is normally the case where the soaps are obtained from fats of natural origin, cf. C. W. Carr, I. M. Kolthoff, E. J. Meehan, R. J. Stenberg, J. Polymer Sci. 5, 191 (1950) and J. W. Wilson, E. S. Pfau, Ind. Eng. Chem. 40, 530 (1948). The polymerization reaction is inhibited particularly severely by sodium linoleate (J. W. Wilson, E. S. Pfau, loc. cit.). Sodium oleate has already been used as a regulator in the synthesis of rubber (H. Bartl, loc. cit., page 194; Germany Patent 706,548; and W. Graulich, W. Becker, Makromol. Chem. 3, 70 (1949)).
Accordingly, there has been no shortage of attempts to produce oleic acids of low linolenic and linoleic acid content which are suitable for polymerization purposes. Although it is possible relatively easily to convert tallow fatty acid into a fatty acid composition eminently suitable for the production of synthetic rubber by selective catalytic hydrogenation, the advantage of oleic acid in terms of handling, namely its liquid consistency, is lost in this hardening process.
In practice, liquid and solid fatty acids can be separated by
hydraulic pressing,
solvent separation, or
rolling-up by the Twitchell process (cf. H. Schoenfeld
(Ed.), Chemie und Technologie der Fette und Fettprodukte, Vol., 2, pages 534 et seq, Verlag Julius Springer, Vienna, 1937).
Although it should be possible to separate polyunsaturated fatty acids from oleic acid by extraction processes, the sulfur dioxide proposed as extractant for this purpose can only be handled with considerable safety precautions, cf. German patent 434,794. Modern processes for the recovery of oleic acid are based either on the separation of solid and liquid fatty acids by hydrophilization or by solvent extraction. It is only olive oil fatty acid that can be directly obtained without separation steps from the splitting of olive oil, but unfortunately the product composition of this fatty acid is highly variable. Normally, olive oil fatty acid still contains about 10 to 15% saturated fatty acids which adversely affect the particle size of the latex. Accordingly, olive oil is not normally suitable as an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization. In addition, fatty acids of high oleic acid content are available from the hoofs of slaughtered cattle (neat's-foot oil, 79% oleic acid), although in this case, too, separation with wetting agents or an extraction process is normally carried out to free the oleic acid from around 20% saturated fatty acids. Finally, tall oil has been used as a raw material for emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization. However, the abietic acid content of tall oil makes a catalytic hardening process (disproportionation) absolutely essential, cf. German patent 2,510,803.

Fatty oil ex Helianthus annuus for the production of emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization


In optical apparatus for reading, writing or erasing optical disks, the optical head is implemented in integrated form. Silicon optical bench technology, including integrated optical waveguides, Y-splitters and directional couplers, is used in the design of the tracking, lens focussing, and read/write/erase functions.

This invention relates to apparatus for reading, writing or erasing information from and to optical disks. In particular, the invention relates to read-only disks (e.g., CD-ROMs), write-once-read-many (WORM) disks, and erasable magneto-optic disks, for example.
The optical subsystem design required to write, read and erase information in an optical recording system has evolved over time to follow the developments in recording media technology and changes in applications. Early designs were configured around gas lasers rather than semiconductor (diode) lasers mainly due to the lack of adequate power and reliability of early diode lasers. Driven by the mass consumer market for CD players, the situation has changed. Cheap, high power diode lasers are now available in large quantities. With the availability of these diode lasers and the development of write-once and erasable media for an emerging mass market for optical storage, the thrust for optical recording research and development has now shifted toward the design of more compact drives giving a higher level of performance at a lower price to satisfy the needs for a true mass market. A prime concern in this development process is the miniaturization of the optical subsystem, or head, required for all optical storage applications. This trend is expected to continue as the range of applications for optical storage broadens and attempts are made to compete directly with alternative magnetic recording technologies.
The current, state-of-the-art optical head technology uses free-space optics based on assembling precisely aligned bulk optic components. The two major problems with this conventional approach are the cost and weight of the bulk optical assembly. The large mass of a typical conventional magneto-optic head (about 100 g) results in relatively long access times (e.g., 90 msec for magneto-optic heads vs. 15 msec for non-optical, hard disk magnetic heads). In the most advanced recent designs of optical heads only a part of the optical subsystem moves. This design has reduced the moving mass of the head to 6 g and the access time to 20 msec. However, decreased access time was achieved at the cost of a significant increase in complexity of the mechanics and optics of the disk drive, with concomitant higher cost.
Thus, a need remains in the art for a low mass, fast access time optical head which can be fabricated at relatively low cost.

Tracking and focussing functions in optical disk apparatus


A suspension having a powder of RBC (rice bran ceramics) suspended in a liquid resin is used as a solid lubricant. The solid lubricant preferably has an RBC proportion of 22 to 74% by weight. The RBC preferably has a mean particle diameter not exceeding 5 μm. An acrylsilicone resin is preferably used as the liquid resin used as the binder. The solid lubricant is applied onto the sliding surface of a sliding member made of a metal, any of various resins, etc. to form a dry film thereon.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a solid lubricant and a sliding member having a sliding surface covered with a dry film formed by applying a solid lubricant.
2. Description of the Related Art
In the related arts of this invention, there has been developed a solid lubricant which is prepared by using molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE), etc. as a filler and a polyimide, polyamideimide or epoxy resin, etc. as a binder, as disclosed, for example, in the Japanese patent publications such as shown in JP-B-63-5640 or JP 2,577,416.
Also developed is a hard porous carbonaceous material made by burning and carbonizing in a nitrogen gas atmosphere a material prepared by mixing defatted rice bran with a phenol resin, and called RBC (rice bran ceramics), as disclosed in the raid open patent publication JP-A-10-101453.
The solid lubricant is, however, primarily aimed at a reduction of friction and an improved scoring resistance in the initial stage. Even if it may give good initial sliding properties, the wear of the solid lubricant occurring with the passage of time causes the base surface to be exposed and eventually undergo scoring (roughening of the sliding surface) or seizure.
The performance (wear resistance, coefficient of friction, etc.) of the solid lubricant differs markedly with the properties of the constituents of the filler and binder particularly in an oil-free environment. Consideration is, therefore, required for the selection of the constituents of the filler and binder in order to improve the performance of the solid lubricant.


A tire comprising a tread block made of tread material, a tread, of which a part is formed by the tread block, and an insert comprising a primary capacitive component and a primary inductive component. The insert extends in a longitudinal direction from a bottom of the insert to a top of the insert. The insert has a first cross section at a first longitudinal position and a second cross section at a second longitudinal position, wherein the first longitudinal position is located closer to the tread of the tire than the second longitudinal position, and the second cross section is greater than the first cross section. At least a part of the top of the insert does not form an interface with the tread material. A method for applying an insert into a tire. An insert is inserted into a blind hole of the tire such that the bottom of the insert is inserted deeper in the blind hole than the top of the insert.

Remote monitoring systems employing LCR (inductance-capacitance-resistance) or LC (inductance-capacitance) circuits are known e.g. from a document US 2005/0007239. In connection with an interrogation means, such circuits enable monitoring of a variety of properties, including strain, temperature, pressure, identification, performance, chemical phase transition (such as melting and state-of-cure), fluid level, wear, rotation rate, location and proximity. In general, the LC or LCR circuit is passive, e.g. free from an electric source that converts chemical energy into electricity, even if the inductance itself is used to produce electricity by a varying magnetic field. However, the interrogation means is active, including an electric source that converts chemical energy into electricity. Typically the interrogation means is a hand held device or a device fixed to a system. The position of the interrogation means relative to the circuit can be reasonably freely chosen. However, the power consumption of the interrogation means depends on the reading distance.
Such devices can be applied to measure wear of a tire, as disclosed in the document US2005/0061069. However, it has been noticed, that the attachment of the LC or LCR circuit to a tire in a reliable manner is hard. First, because the wear is to be measured, the LC or LCR circuit must be applied on the tread of the tire or into the tread of the tire. Applying the LC or LCR circuit during manufacturing, e.g. during vulcanizing, may be hard, because the location of the circuit should be well controlled for accurately measuring the wear. If applied after the vulcanization, attachment of the circuit with the rest of the tire poses a problem. In use the tire rotates, which generates centrifugal forces to the LC or LCR circuit pushing the LC or LCR circuit away from the tread. For example, in a passenger car driving at 100 km/h, the centrifugal forces may correspond to an acceleration of 200 times the gravitational acceleration. Such forces have been found to oftentimes move the circuit from the tread. Moreover, even if the LC or LCR circuit is not completely pushed away from the tire, displacement of the circuit within the tire affects the accuracy of the wear measurements. The document US2005/0061069 indicates that this problem could be addressed by inserting the circuit to the tire from inside the tire. However, in such a case, the reinforcement structures of the present in a tire would have to be penetrated, which would deteriorate the mechanical properties of the tire. In addition, the air tightness of the tire would be at risk, when the circuit is exposed from both inner and outer sides of the tire.

Tire with an insert configured to measure wear of a tread


The present invention provides a kind of HBV-antigen bound to heat shock proteins (hsps) which comprises core antigen, surface antigen and polymerase antigen. The present invention also provides a complex of HBV antigen bound to heat shock protein gp96 and hsp78, as well as a method for preparing the complex. The complex includes a complex of gp96 and hsp78 non-covalently bound to antigenic polypeptide, as well as a fusion protein of both which results from covalent binding. Such complex can be used to prepare therapeutic vaccine for treating hepatitis B and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Heat shock protein (hsp) gp96 (glycoprotein 96), also called as grp94 (glucose-regulated protein 94), is a member of hsp90 family which located on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane of cells, the protein has about 96 KDa of molecuar weight and plays an important role in cellular protein folding and transportation. Recent studies have showed that gp96 is also expressed on the surface of some tumor cells. Gp96 possesses two conserved domains, the C-terminal is a polypeptide-binding domain which can bind a variety of polypeptides with 5-25 amino acids, and the N-terminal is a ATP-binding domain with ATPase activity. Heat shock protein hsp78, a member of hsp70 family in cytoplasma, has about 78 KDa of molecular weight and plays an important role in cellular protein folding and transportation. Hsp78 can bind to a variety of short peptides as molecular chaperone, it has two functional domains: the N-terminal domain with ATPase activity and the C-terminal domain which can bind to polypeptide substrate.
Recent studies demonstrated that immunization with gp96 and hsp78 purified from tumor tissues or cells infected by virus could elicit a specific immunological rejection response against the tumors or viruses. A further study showed that gp96 and hsp78 can bind to all peptide libraries generated in the cells including antigenic polypeptides, this specific immunological response is based on the polypeptides bound to gp96 and hsp78 not the heat shock protein itself, gp96 and hsp78 from tumor tissues or cells infected by virus normally bind to tumor or virus specific polypeptides, gp96 and hsp78 can present the antigenic ploypeptides bound by them to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and activate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) to elicit cell immunological response generated by organism. Since gp96 and hsp78 play an important role in antigen presentation in the cells, gp96-ploypeptide complex and hsp78-polypeptide complex can be used to prevent autogenous tumors and some infectious diseases.
Pramod K. Srivastava from University of New York, USA, applied for 6 patents (U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,017,544, 6,017,540, 6,007,821, 5,837,251 and 5,830,464) in USA based on his studies. These patents mainly relate to the use of a complex of heat shock protein (hsp) non-covalently bound to antigen molecular for treating primary and transferred tumors as well as infectious diseases, and activating immunological response generated by organism, wherein the antigen moleculars include the esoteric polypeptides bound to hsp, and also include exoteric antigens or immunogenic fragments that can form complex with hsp in vitro. Hsp mainly comprises hsp70, hsp90 and gp96 protein.
It has been demonstrated that gp96 and hsp78 can bind antigenic polypeptides such as antigenic peptide of vesicular stomatitis virus, ovalbumin antigenic epitope peptide restricted by mouse H-2Kb and an Ld-restricted CTL epitope peptide of a mouse leukemia. Up to now, however, no antigenic ploypeptides bound to hsps have yet been identified in patients tissues infected by virus.
It is estimated that about 350 million individuals worldwide have been infected by HBV, and in China alone the number is about 120 million. HBV is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, so it is a kind of infectious diseases that severely disserve the life health of Chinese. The probability of liver cancer developing from hepatitis B is also very high. The HBcAg-positive hepatocytes account for 62.5% in total HCC cells and 29.2% in the totally adjacent liver cells. Cell immunological response elicited by CTL is a major pathway to clear virus and cure hepatitis B. In the patients infected by hepatitis B virus, the HBV antigenic ploypeptide is presented to MHC I molecular after process, and activates specific CTL to elicit cell immunological response. Now, some CTL epitopes on the HBV core protein have been identified, including HLA-A2 restricted HBcAg18-27, HLA-A11 restricted HBcAg88-96 and like. Therefore, it is very important to develop a novel drug for the prevention and treatment of HBV associated hepatitis and primary hepatocellular carcinomas, especially a drug that can elicit actively CTL immunological response generated by organism.

Complex of hepatitis B virus-specific antigenic peptides associated with heat shock proteins and the application thereof

Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences


Fluorescent poly(alkylene terephthalate) compositions are provided. The fluorescent poly(alkylene terephthalate) compositions contain fluorescent poly(alkylene terephthalate)s and are made from fluorescent compounds and poly(alkylene terephthalate) oligomers, or by polymerizing amine and acid monomers in the presence of fluorescent compounds.

Polyesters, especially poly(alkylene terephthalate)s, have excellent physical and chemical properties and have been widely used for resins, films and fibers. In particular, polyester fibers have a high melting point, and can attain high orientation and crystallinity. Accordingly, polyesters have properties that are highly desirable in fibers, such as chemical, heat and light stability, and high strength.
The term poly(alkylene terephthalate) is well known to those skilled in the art, and encompasses, for example, poly(trimethylene terephthalate), poly(tetramethylene terephthalate), and poly(ethylene terephthalate). Poly(trimethylene terephthalate), also called poly(1,3-propyleneterephthalate) is prepared from terephthalic acid, or an ester thereof, and 1,3-propylene glycol (1,3-propanediol). The abbreviation "3GT" is also used to refer to poly(trimethylene terephthalate). Poly(tetramethylene terephthalate), also called poly(butylene terephthalate) or 4GT, is prepared from terephthalic acid or an ester thereof and 1,4-butanediol.
Some fluorescent polymers and oligomers are known. For Example, Weaver et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 5,091,501 discloses the conversion of certain cinnamic acid derivatives, under polyester-forming conditions and in the presence of suitable diol and acidic monomers, to form coumarin-containing polyesters. The diol and acidic monomers included 1,3-propanediol and terephthalic acid.
Krutak et al., in WO92/07913, describe polyester powders containing copolymerized therein at least 1% of a visible colorant. The colorant is introduced in solution in an organic solvent.
DiPietro in U.S. Pat. No. 6,103,006 discloses a fluorescent dye comprising: 3,4-benzoxanthrene dicarboxylic anhydride or the diacid (BXDA), a monomer having at least one carboxyl group, and a second monomer having at least one amine group or at least one alcohol group.
New and/or improved fluorescent polyesters are desirable. Fluorescent polyesters suitable for use in making fibers are also desirable. The present invention is directed to these and other important ends.


Various implementations described herein are directed to displaying laylines. In one implementation, a method may include receiving marine electronics data at a marine electronics device disposed on a vessel. The method may also include receiving a navigational location. The method may further include calculating one or more laylines based on the navigational location and the marine electronics data. The method may additionally include displaying a vessel marker representing the vessel, a compass scale, and the one or more laylines on a display screen of the marine electronics device, where the vessel marker, the compass scale, and the one or more laylines are integrated on the display screen.

This section is intended to provide background information to facilitate a better understanding of various technologies described herein. As the section's title implies, this is a discussion of related art. That such art is related in no way implies that it is prior art. The related art may or may not be prior art. It should therefore be understood that the statements in this section are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art.
Various forms of marine electronics data may be processed and/or displayed using a computing device disposed aboard a vessel. In one scenario, the computing device may include a multi-function display (MFD). Marine electronics data displayed using the computing device may be used to help navigate the vessel, and the data may include, for example, sonar data, chart data, radar data, or navigation data such as laylines.


A memory controller mechanism is operable in a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, a first memory controller portion of the mechanism can use a first set of data terminals to perform a first external bus access operation (EBAO) and a second memory controller portion of the mechanism can use a second set of data terminals to perform a second EBAO. The first and second EBAO operations may be narrow accesses that occur simultaneously. In the second mode, one of the controllers can use both the first and second sets of data terminals to perform a wider third EBAO. The memory controller mechanism can dynamically switch between first mode and second mode operation. In situations in which one of the sets of data terminals would not otherwise be used, performing wide accesses in the second mode using the one set of data terminals improves bus utilization.

In a class of integrated circuits referred to here as general purpose microcontrollers, a single microcontroller integrated circuit design is generally to be used by many different customers in many different applications. Due to the different customers and applications, it is often the case that the same microcontroller integrated circuit design is to be usable with many different types and/or sizes of memory devices. Such general purpose microcontrollers therefore may include configurable on-chip memory controllers. By appropriate configuring of an on-chip memory controller, the memory controller can be made to interface to a selected one of many different memory types, memory sizes, and memory bus configurations.
FIG. 1 (Prior Art) is a diagram of a part of one conventional microcontroller integrated circuit design. Microcontroller 1 involves a processor 2, a local bus 3, two memory controllers 4 and 5, as well as other circuits not illustrated. Processor 2 can access external memory devices 6 and 7 across a first data bus 8. Processor 2 can also access external memory devices 9 and 10 across a second data bus 11. Because the data buses 8 and 11 are separate, and because two memory controllers 4 and 5 are coupled to the buses as illustrated, memory controller 4 can perform an access across data bus 8 at the same time that memory controller 5 can perform an access across data bus 11. Memory controllers 4 and 5 may, for example, be of identical construction and may have identical capabilities. Such memory controllers are often configurable by the processor so that the microcontroller integrated circuit can use data buses of a selected one of several different widths to interface to external memory devices. Depending on the width of a data bus coupled to various terminals associated with memory controller 4, memory controller 4 can provide a data bus interface of, for example, sixteen bits, twenty-four bits, or thirty-two bits. In this example illustrated in FIG. 1, however, all memory devices on a particular data bus are of the same sixteen bit data width.
FIG. 2 (Prior Art) is a diagram of another conventional design. In this case, a microcontroller 12 can, in a given external bus operation, access either memory device 13 or memory device 14. Memory device 13 stores data words of a relatively narrow width (for example, each memory location is sixteen bits as illustrated), whereas memory device 14 stores data words of a relatively wide width (for example, each memory location is thirty-two bits as illustrated). If memory device 13 is being accessed, then only sets 15 and 16 of data conductors and sets 17 and 18 of data terminals are employed to communicate 16-bit words of data between microcontroller 12 and memory device 13. Sets 19 and 20 of data conductors and sets 21 and 22 of data terminals are not needed or used for such accesses. If, however, wide memory device 14 is being accessed, then all sets 15, 16, 19 and 20 of data conductors are used and all sets 17, 18, 21 and 22 of data terminals are employed to communicate 32-bit words of data between microcontroller 12 and memory device 14. How many of the data conductors and data terminals are used depends on the memory location that processor 23 is attempting to access. If the memory location is in memory device 13, then fewer than all of the data bus conductors and data terminals are employed as appropriate, whereas if the memory location is in memory device 14, then all of the data bus conductors and data terminals are employed. An alternative and/or improved microcontroller, memory controller and memory architecture is desired.

Cooperating memory controllers that share data bus terminals for accessing wide external devices


The invention relates to LED lighting system comprising a power supply circuit and one or more LED modules. The power supply circuit is equipped with input terminals (K1, K2) for connection to a supply voltage source and first and second output terminals (K3, K4), and a driver circuit (I, II) coupled between the input terminals and the first and second output terminals for generating a LED current. The driver circuit (I, II) comprises a driver control circuit (II) equipped with an input terminal (K7) for increasing or decreasing the LED current in dependency of a signal present at the input terminal of the driver control circuit. The one or more LED modules comprise first and second input terminals (K5, K6) for connection to respectively the first and second output terminals of the power supply circuit, a series arrangement of a LED load (LS) and a current sensor (R1) coupled between the input terminals, a module control circuit for generating a current control signal at an output terminal of the module control circuit and coupled to the current sensor and to a reference signal generator (R3, R4, R5, Z1) for generating a reference signal representing a desired magnitude of the LED current, wherein the current control signal has a first value in case the desired value of the LED current is lower than the measured value of the LED current and a second value in case the desired value of the LED current is higher than the measured value of the LED current, and coupling circuitry (D1; Sg, DC, C1, C2) coupled during operation between the output terminal of the module control circuit and the input terminal of the driver control circuit, for communicating the first value of the current control signal to the input terminal of the driver control circuit and for blocking the second value, and wherein the signal at the input terminal of the driver control circuit has a default value when all the current control signals have their second value.

Lighting systems based on LEDs are used on an increasing scale. LEDs have a high efficiency and a long life time. In many lighting systems, LEDs also offer a higher optical efficiency than other light sources. As a consequence, LEDs offer an interesting alternative for the well-known light sources such as fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge lamps or incandescent lamps.
The lighting systems based on LEDs often comprise a power supply circuit that supplies power to the LEDs comprised in one or more LED modules that are connected to output terminals of the power supply circuit during operation. Typically the total current supplied by the power supply circuit depends on the number of LED modules connected to power supply circuit and more in particular to the nominal current suitable for each of the LED modules and also on the temperature of the LED modules. The LED modules LM comprised in a LED lighting system called Fortimo manufactured by Philips, that is presently on the market and is schematically shown in FIG. 1, comprise a first resistor Rset having a resistance that represents the nominal current suitable for the LEDs comprised in the LED module, and furthermore comprise a second resistor NTC having a temperature dependent resistance. In case one or more of these LED modules is connected to the power supply circuit PSC, a circuit MC, which is comprised in the power supply circuit PSC, causes a current to flow through the first resistor Rset and another current to flow through the second resistor NTC. The voltages across each of the resistors are measured and the value of the resistance of each of the resistors is determined by the circuit MC from the measured voltage across each of the resistors. From these data, the circuit part MC derives a desired value for the total LED current. A driver circuit DC, which is comprised in the power supply circuit PSC, subsequently adjusts the current supplied to the LED modules to a desired value.
An important disadvantage of this prior art is that three wires are required for connecting the resistors in the LED module to circuitry comprised in the power supply circuit. This makes these existing LED lighting systems rather complex.


In a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode opposed to the positive electrode with an intervention of the separator, the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material including a silicon compound, and a negative electrode binder including a particular polyimide, and lithium is occluded in both the negative electrode active material and the negative electrode binder even during discharge.

With the spread of mobile equipment, such as cellular phones and notebook computers, the role of secondary batteries, which are the power sources of the mobile equipment, is regarded as important. These secondary batteries are required to be of small size, light weight, and high capacity, and be less likely to cause the deterioration of charge and discharge capacity even if charge and discharge are repeated. As secondary batteries that satisfy such characteristics, many lithium ion secondary batteries are currently used. In addition, in recent years, a market for motor-driven vehicles, such as electric cars and hybrid cars, has taken off rapidly, and further, the development of home and industrial electricity storage systems has been accelerated. Accordingly, further development of high performance lithium ion secondary batteries has been promoted.
Carbon, such as graphite and hard carbon, is mainly used for the negative electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries. With carbon, a charge and discharge cycle can be repeated well, but a capacity around the theoretical capacity has already been achieved, and therefore, a significant improvement in capacity cannot be expected in the future. On the other hand, the demand for an improvement in the capacity of lithium ion secondary batteries is strong, and therefore, studies of negative electrode materials having higher capacity, that is, higher energy density, than carbon are performed.
For a material that increases energy density, the use of a Li-occluding substance that forms an alloy with lithium, represented by the composition formula LiXA (A includes an element such as aluminum), as a negative electrode active material, is studied. This negative electrode active material has a large amount of occluded and released lithium ions per unit volume and high capacity.
In addition, Non Patent Literature 1 describes the use of silicon as a negative electrode active material. It is disclosed that by using such a negative electrode active material, a secondary battery with high energy density is obtained.
Patent Literature 1 describes a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using a silicon oxide or a silicate containing lithium as a negative electrode active material. It is disclosed that by using such a negative electrode active material, a secondary battery with high energy density, excellent charge and discharge characteristics, and excellent cycle life is obtained.
Patent Literature 2 describes a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery obtained by sintering under a non-oxidizing atmosphere using silicon and/or a silicon alloy as a negative electrode active material and a polyimide as a negative electrode binder. It is disclosed that by using such a negative electrode, a secondary battery with excellent cycle characteristics is obtained.
On the other hand, Patent Literature 3 describes a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery in which metal lithium foil previously affixed to a positive electrode is electrochemically diffused in the carbon material of a negative electrode, and lithium capable of discharging is retained in the carbon material of the negative electrode. It is disclosed that in this secondary battery, the capacity of the affixed metal lithium foil is 4 to 40% with respect to the saturation reversible capacity of the carbon material used for the negative electrode.
Patent Literature 4 describes a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery characterized in that lithium is allowed to previously exist in a negative electrode portion not opposed to a positive electrode. As a method for allowing lithium to exist in the negative electrode portion, affixing lithium or electrochemically doping with lithium is described. It is disclosed that in this secondary battery, the amount of metal lithium allowed to previously exist in the negative electrode portion not opposed to the positive electrode is 0.10 to 3.00 mg per 1 cm2 of the negative electrode.
Patent Literature 5 describes a nonaqueous secondary battery characterized in that the negative electrode includes a material in which SiOX (0.3≦x≦1.6) is predoped with lithium. It is disclosed that when the atomic ratio Lp of lithium released from the positive electrode and occluded in the negative electrode to the negative electrode Si, and the atomic ratio Ln of lithium with which the negative electrode is predoped to the negative electrode Si satisfy particular conditions, the energy density and the average voltage are improved, and good rate characteristics are obtained.


A connector backshell assembly comprises a first cover, a second cover, a first sidewall block between the first cover and the second cover, and a second sidewall block between the first cover and the second cover, with the second sidewall block spaced apart from and facing the first sidewall block. At least one shield termination structure is located between the first and second covers, with the shield termination structure including a plurality of slots that are substantially parallel to each other. The first and second covers, and the first and second sidewall blocks, define a front opening in communication with the slots. Each of the slots are configured to hold a conductor that extends from a rear portion of the backshell assembly into the front opening for termination connection with an electrical connector. The backshell assembly is electrically conductive and provides a shield to prevent electromagnetic interference with each conductor.

Typical connector backshell and connector systems rely on "pigtails" or drain-wires in order to terminate the shields to the conductive chassis or parts of the chassis of an electronic device. The pigtails and/or drain-wires are a compromise to a proper shield termination.
Although widely prevalent throughout the electronics industry, the pigtail and/or drain wire shield termination is not ideal. Pigtail shields concentrate currents on one side of the shield, leaving the other side unshielded. In addition, pigtail terminations can significantly couple noise into the cable system by virtue of the standing antennas formed by the pigtail.

Connector backshell for shielded conductors


The present invention is directed to an amide derivative having excellent BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity, or a salt thereof.

ber is a gene which exists in the human twenty-second chromosome and abl is a gene which exists in the human ninth chromosome, and Philadelphia chromosome is formed by translocation of the human twenty-second and ninth chromosomes. It is known that a gene product of the chromosome, BCR-ABL, is a protein having tyrosine kinase activity and constantly generates the growth signal to cause aberrant growth of cells (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
of Cell counting Kit-8 (5 mmol/l WST-8, 0.2 mmol/1 1-Methoxy PMS, 150 mmol/l NaCl) (manufactured by Dojindo) was added to each well. After reaction for color development in a CO2 incubator for 3 hours, an absorbance of formazan, generated by reduction of WST-8 was determined at 450 nm using Multi-level counter ARVOsx (manufactured by Wallac).
In the RPMI-1640/FCS medium containing 0.1% DMSO, when absorbance of a region in which cells after culturing in the CO2 incubator for 72 hours were seeded is defined as a cell growth inhibition rate of 0% and absorbance of a region in which cells were not seeded is defined as a cell growth inhibition rate of 100%, a log conc value in terms of log (inhibition rate/(100−inhibition rate)) and a plotted IC50 value (μM) were calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.
As a control drug, 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)-N-{4-methyl-3-[4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino]phenyl}benzamide (see Patent Document 1) was used.
TABLE 3RatioK562 cellsU937 cells(U937 cells/Test drugs(IC50 value: μM)(IC50 value: μM)K562 cells)Example 20.0028155357Example 40.00202814000Example 60.00124.33583Example 80.000984.64694Example 100.00218.13857Example 120.00564.7839Example 140.00792.0253Example 160.00114.13727Example 180.00484.6958
Therefore, inhibition of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase activity makes it possible to suppress cell growth caused by the kinase and a compound which inhibits the activity is suited for use as a therapeutic agent for diseases such as chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia. Although Glivec® (see, for example, Patent Document 1) has already been put on the market as a drug having the same action, other drugs having the same action mechanism have never been put on the market and thus it has been required to develop more excellent medicines.
It has recently been reported that recurrence is often recognized in patients wherein remission is attained by administration of Glivec® in BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in addition to examples of blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3). As a result of examination of leukemia cells of the patients suffering from the recurrence of disease, the appearance of a variant such as E255K is recognized (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 4 to 7). Also in examples of administration of Glivec® to the patients with BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the appearance of resistant cells which mainly exhibits variation of E255K is recognized (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 8). With an increase in use of Glivec®, resistant patients further increase and thus it is required to develop a therapy.    Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent No. 6-87834    Patent Document 2: Pamphlet of International Publication WO 02/22597    Non-Patent Document 1: Shtivelman E, et al.: Nature, 1985, 315, 550-554    Non-Patent Document 2: Daley G Q, et al.: Science, 1990, 247, 824-830    Non-Patent Document 3: Druker B J, et al.: N Engl J Med, 2001, 344, 1038-1042    Non-Patent Document 4: Weisberg E, et al.: Drug Resist Updat, 2001, 4, 22-28    Non-Patent Document 5: Gorre M E, et al.: Science, 2001, 293, 876-880    Non-Patent Document 6: Blagosklonny M V: Leukemia, 2002, 16, 570-572    Non-Patent Document 7: Hochhaus A, et al.: Leukemia, 2002, 16, 2190-2196    Non-Patent Document 8: Hofmann W-K, et al.: blood, 2002, 99, 1860-1862    Non-Patent Document 9: Deninger W N, et al.: blood, 2000, 96, 3343-3356    Non-Patent Document 10: J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 1133-1135    Non-Patent Document 11: J. Org. Chem., 2000, 65, 1144-1157    Non-Patent Document 12: Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas., 1950, 69, 673-699    Non-Patent Document 13: J. Heterocycl. Chem., 1970, 7, 1137-1141    Non-Patent Document 14: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 4369-4378    Non-Patent Document 15: Tetrahedron Lett., 1997, 38, 8005-8008    Non-Patent Document 16: J. Med. Chem., 2002, 45, 3406-3417    Non-Patent Document 17: J. Med. Chem., 2000, 43, 3895-3905    Non-Patent Document 18: J. Med. Chem., 2000, 43, 1508-1518    Non-Patent Document 19: J. Med. Chem., 1975, 18, 1077-1088    Non-Patent Document 20: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2001, 11, 2235-2239    Non-Patent Document 21: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 2000, 37, 1457-1462

Abstract: The present invention provides an amide derivative represented by the following general formula (1):

Abstract: [Chemical 23]

Abstract: (wherein R1 represents —CH2—R11, etc.; R2 represents alkyl, halogen, haloalkyl, etc.; R3 represents hydrogen, etc.; Het1 represents a group of the formula [6] as above, etc.; and Het2 represents pyrimidinyl, etc.), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The compound of the present invention is useful as a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor.


An opening and/or closing device for a movable, flexurally rigid and at least regionally transparent wall element of a motor vehicle is provided. The device includes at least one supporting arm and at least one supporting body. The supporting arm and the supporting body encompass a first end that faces the wall element and is pivoted to the wall element, and encompass a second end that faces away from the wall element and is pivoted to a vehicle structure. By turning the supporting arm and the supporting body, the wall element is moved from an open functional position, in which a vehicle interior is accessible from outside for entry and/or egress and in which the wall element is situated in a frontal area of the motor vehicle, into a closed functional position, in which the vehicle interior is sealed to the outside by the wall element.

Known in the art are glass domes, which are essentially shifted along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle for opening and closing purposes. It has here proven disadvantageous that the contour of the motor vehicle must allow the glass dome to open and close.
For example, a non-generic opening and/or closing device is known for convertibles, in which a foldable vehicle roof is stowed in the rear section, guided out of the rear section to an upper section of a window front for closing purposes, and fixed in place there.
It has here proven disadvantageous that structural designs like these only offer technically feasible solutions for foldable wall elements.
At least one object herein is to provide an opening and/or closing device for a movable, flexurally rigid and at least regionally transparent wall element with which a vehicle interior can be easily opened up and easily closed up again.


An apparatus for automatically assembling an inner rotor and an outer rotor substantially applied to an inscribe-type gear pump. Described is the construction and the function of the apparatus for incorporating inner rotors into outer rotors in such a manner that a holding pin which is pressed into a central hole of inner rotor descends together with the inner rotor until the accompanying inner rotor is filled into outer rotor. While the holding pin is lowered together with inner rotor, it is rotated so that gear portions of both rotors can be aligned properly and engage.

(a) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to apparatus for assembling rotors for forming inscribe-type gear pump in such a manner as to incorporate an inner rotor having a gear portion around its outer periphery into an outer rotor having a gear portion around its inner periphery.
(b) Description of Prior Art
As shown in FIG. 13, an inscribe-type gear pump in non-crescent configuration has been conventionally formed in such a manner as to eccentrically incorporate an inner rotor 4 having a gear portion around its outer periphery into an outer rotor 2 having a gear portion 1 around its inner periphery. In the inner rotor 4 are provided a central hole 5 and peripheral holes 6 in cylindrical configuration to be connected to a driving axis. Said central hole 5 penetrates through the central axis portion of a inner rotor 4, and peripheral holes 6 are positioned around said central hole 5, surrounding said central hole 5 axially in parallel. Both an outer rotor 2 and an inner rotor 4 are incorporated into a casing having an inlet port 7 and an outlet port 8 respectively, with the former being opposite to the latter on a diameter passing through eccentric axes of both rotors. The rotation drive of said inner rotor 4 allows said outer rotor 2 to rotate, so that oil sucked from an inlet port 7 is delivered to an outlet port 8, passing through the space between said outer rotor 2 and said inner rotor 4. Both rotors are manufactured, for instance, by compressing powdered material mainly composed of metal to be molded, and thereafter, heating and sintering it.
In the past, outer rotors 2 and inner rotors 4 have been shipped separately. Accordingly, as relatively a large packing capacity is inevitably needed, and both rotors are finally to be used with one into the other, so that both rotors have come to be shipped in said incorporated state after having manufactured outer and inner rotors respectively. In such cases, each inner rotor 4 has been conventionally incorporated one by one into each outer rotor 2 in a manual manner, which takes time, is laborious lowers efficiency and increases cost. A prior device is disclosed for overcoming this problem, such as grasping means for assembling parts having openings therein, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,630,344, which discloses apparatus for assembling different size parts in a vertical assembly, including a pair of fingers attached to and extending from the gripper of a manipulator in parallel relationship and movable toward and away from one another under control of the gripper. However, this patent cannot be utilized to assemble rotors that require rotating means to engage.
Therefore, rotor assembling apparatus for automatically incorporating an outer rotor 2 into an inner rotor 4 is to be invented. The inventor is inevitably to be confronted with the problem of how to engage a gear portion 3 of an inner rotor 4 with a gear portion 1 of an outer rotor 2. One solution is to incorporate said inner rotor 4 into said outer rotor 2 after having located said inner rotor 4 in an appropriate position on the periphery, by means of an optical sensor to detect the appropriate position of the gear portion 3 of said inner rotor 4. But in the above-mentioned method, the installed position of said sensor will be limited, so that such rotor assembling apparatus will be inevitably too expensive in addition to its complex construction. Furthermore, as the largest clearance "c" between the top-most vertices of said gear portions 1,3 is formed approximately 0.05 mm long to prevent oil leakage, only a little error of positioning can cause the interference of said gear portion 1 with said gear portion 3. Consequently, an inner rotor 4 cannot be incorporated into an outer rotor 2.


An illumination device (10) that preferably includes a cold cathode fluorescent bulb (30), wherein the illumination device (10) further includes a substantially cylindrical casing (34) positioned about the bulb (30), and a reflector (32) substantially coextensive with a length of the bulb (30). An end cap (40) is provided that includes a locating surface (37) for the reflector (32), and a support for the bulb (30). A mounting member or fitting (18) is provided having a groove (19) adapted to receive a protrusion (42) from the casing (34) that allows relative rotation between the casing (34) and the fitting (18) less than 360°. A watertight fluorescent light (31) is further provided having a special four point seal that includes an O-ring (350) forming seals approximately at four radial positions about a cross sectional profile thereof.

Fluorescent lights have long been known in the art, and have in recent years received significant attention due to their relatively low power consumption and low heat output. Fluorescent lamps are used to provide illumination in typical electrical devices for general lighting purposes because they are more efficient than incandescent bulbs in producing light. A fluorescent lamp is a low pressure gas discharge source, in which light is produced predominantly by fluorescent powders activated by ultraviolet energy generated by a mercury plasma forming an arc. The lamp, usually in the form of a tubular bulb with an electrode sealed into each end, contains mercury vapor at low pressure with a small amount of inert gas for starting. The inner walls of the bulb are coated with fluorescent powders commonly called phosphors. When the proper voltage is applied, the plasma forming an arc is produced by current flowing between the electrodes through the mercury vapor. This discharge generates some visible radiation. The ultraviolet light in turn excites the phosphors to emit light.
Two electrodes are hermetically sealed into the bulb, one at each end. These electrodes are designed for operating as either "cold" or "hot" cathodes or electrodes, more correctly called glow or arc modes of discharge operation. Electrodes for glow or cold cathode operation may consist of closed-end metal cylinders, generally coated on the inside with an emissive material. "Cold" refers to electrodes that do not rely on additional means of thermonic emission besides that created by the electrical discharge through the tube. In contrast, hot cathode fluorescents include an electrode in the form of a filament, heated with current passing there through, which provides enhanced emissions from the lamp.
Conventional cold cathode lamps operate at a current on the order of a few hundred milliamps, with a high cathode fall or voltage drop, something in excess of 50 volts. CCFLs are not appreciably affected by starting frequency because of the type of electrode used. CCFLs emit light in the same way as do standard hot electrode lamps. In general, the latter type operate as normal glow discharges and their electrodes are uncoated hollow cylinders of nickel or iron.
The cathode fall is high and to obtain high efficacy or power for general lighting purposes, conventional lamps are made fairly long, about 2–8 feet, with a diameter of about 25–40 millimeters. About 2000 volts is required for starting these conventional lamps and about 900 to 1000 volts for running. The advantages of CCFLs compared with the hot electrode fluorescent lamps are that they typically have a very long life, in consequence of their rugged electrodes, lack of filament and low current consumption. They start fairly quickly, even under cold ambient conditions. Their life is unaffected by the number of starts. Also, they may be dimmed to relatively low levels of light output.


3-Cone Diffuser including a central cone (1), an intermediate cone (2) and outer cone or outer frame (3) placed one above the other in a spaced apart relationships having same vertical axis (14). The central cone (1) at the back is provided with bracket (8) spot welded or brazed or rivetted directly or via an intermediate plate to the central cone to hold the centre cone which is fixed on the intermediate cone with the central opening (15) having outwardly projected flanges (16) having holes (17) to accommodate the front (18) and back (19) support of the bracket. The back support is provided with springs (9) for easy removal of the bracket, thereby enabling dismantling the central cone easily. The intermediate cone (2) on its outer flanges of the central opening (15), provided with pipe/rod (6) with spring (7) welded or brazed so as to fix the intermediate cone on the brackets (5) provided in the inner part of the outer cone enabling dismantling the intermediate cone by a slight pressing of the biasing spring (7). The outer cone (3) has a central inlet (20) with flanged portion outwardly directed (4) to connect with the ducting or damper. The inlet is adjustable as per the requirement of the ducting and the central cone is further provided with a hole (10) to adjust the aperture of the damper.

A. Field
The invention relates to Air Diffuser used in the air conditioning system. More particularly an air diffuser having multiple cones which can be fitted or dismantle easily in the air ducting arrangement.
B. Related Art
The conventional air diffusers are difficult to be fitted with the air ducting installation and dismantling is difficult requires lot of man power and downtime.
Therefore there is a need to develop an air diffuser which can fitted or dismantle easily and is suited to any shape or size of air ducting arrangement.
The primary object of this invention is to provide an air diffuser with multiple cones which is easy to be fitted or dismantle with any type of air ducting arrangements.
The another object of this invention is to provide single piece cone fitted one above the other with fitting arrangement which is fitted with the air ducting arrangement easily and dismantling like way are easy.
The still another object of this invention is to provide fitting arrangement which is simple and easy to manipulate.


Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for voice-controlled multimedia devices and universal remotes. In one embodiment, an example device may include a housing, a first circuit board, a second circuit board, a first infrared light emitting diode (LED) positioned on the first circuit board and configured to emit infrared light in a first direction, a second infrared LED positioned on the first circuit board and configured to emit infrared light in a second direction opposite the first direction, a microphone disposed on the second circuit board, and an HDMI port.

Multimedia devices may be used to output digital content for consumption. Universal remote control devices may be used to control one or more multimedia devices. However, to effectively use a universal remote control device, or other remote control, the device may have to be pointed or aimed in a certain direction, such as at a device that a user wishes to control. Accordingly, users may have to locate and physically interact with such remote control devices in order to control other devices. Such remote control devices and multimedia devices may therefore require physical interaction by users
The detailed description is set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the disclosure. The drawings are provided to facilitate understanding of the disclosure and shall not be deemed to limit the breadth, scope, or applicability of the disclosure. The use of the same reference numerals indicates similar, but not necessarily the same or identical components. Different reference numerals may be used to identify similar components. Various embodiments may utilize elements or components other than those illustrated in the drawings, and some elements and/or components may not be present in various embodiments. The use of singular terminology to describe a component or element may, depending on the context, encompass a plural number of such components or elements and vice versa.

Voice-controlled multimedia device and universal remote


Worn screw threads in the lower unit of a motorboat are repaired by cutting off the trailing end of a housing that is formed integral with the lower unit. The cut off part has the worn screw threads formed in it. A replacement part having pre-formed screw threads is welded into place to replace the cut off part, and a screw thread-cutting tool is used to clean and remove warpage from the screw threads in the replacement part after the welding is completed. An alignment tool holds the replacement part during the welding procedure.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates, generally, to techniques for the repair of the lower units of inboard or outboard motors. More particularly, it relates to a repair method that eliminates the practice of discarding lower units having worn screw threads.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Motorboat lower units are large, monolithic structures that depend downwardly from the hull of a boat at the trailing end thereof. More specifically, a lower unit includes a vertical strut that depends from an upper part of the lower unit, and a generally cylindrical housing is formed integrally with said vertical strut, about mid-length thereof. The propeller and related parts, such as bearings, are mounted to the trailing end of the generally cylindrical housing. The trailing end of the housing is open and cylindrical in configuration, and internal screw threads are formed therein, together with a plurality of circular cavitation grooves. More particularly, the cavitation grooves are formed in the trailing end of the housing, and the screw threads are formed adjacent said grooves, on the leading side thereof. A propeller housing having external screw threads formed thereon screw-threadedly engages the internal screw threads of the generally cylindrical housing when the lower unit is fully assembled. The cavitation grooves are not engaged.
The leading part of the generally cylindrical housing is tapered downwardly, i.e., its diameter decreases in a trailing-to-leading direction, and the leading end of said housing is closed.
The screw threads formed in the trailing end of the cylindrical housing eventually become worn because of the deleterious environment within which the lower units are used. Due to the monolithic nature of the lower unit, and due to the absence of any obvious way to repair the worn threads, the conventional practice is to discard the entire lower unit when said threads are worn. A new lower unit must then be purchased by the boat owner. Thus, lower unit worn threads represent a rather catastrophic expense to the boat owner, but those of ordinary skill in this art have been unable to develop any repair techniques that would obviate the need to replace the unit in its entirety.


A packet synthesizing unit packetizes transmit data and thereby creates a transmit packet data, and more specifically, synthesizes the number of the transmit data indicated by a packet-length information from a packet length controlling unit into a transmit packet data. A frame synthesizing unit appends the packet-length information for transmission to a header of the transmit packet data to thereby create a transmit frame. A wireless transmit unit converts the transmit frame into a wireless transmit signal and wirelessly transmits the wireless transmit signal. In the wireless transmission, the packet length controlling unit controls the packet length of the transmit data according to a transmit rate in the wireless transmit unit. The packet length controlling unit reduces the packet length when the transmit rate is relatively high and extends the packet length when the transmit rate is relatively low. This improves the transmission efficiency and communication quality.

In recent years, in response to an ever-increasing speed in a wireless-data transmission, apparatuses utilizing a wireless LAN have been realized for practical use as an apparatus capable of ensuring a high-speed and stable transmission of image data, and the like.
Hereinafter is described a conventional wireless LAN apparatus. FIG. 34 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the conventional wireless LAN apparatus, which is disclosed in No. H11-239155 of the publication of unexamined patent applications. In the figure, a numeral 0101 denotes transmit data, which is input to a packet synthesizing unit 0102. The packet synthesizing unit 0102 sends the transmit data 0101 together with a buffer write signal 0104 to a buffer 103. A certain quantity of the data in the buffer 103 is read by a buffer read signal 0105 and sent to the packet synthesizing unit 0102. The packet synthesizing unit 0102 synthesizes the read data to there by create a transmit packet data 0106. The created transmit packet data 0106 is sent to a wireless transmit unit 0109 and transmitted as a wireless transmit signal via an antenna 0110.
The operation of the conventional wireless LAN apparatus configured in the foregoing manner is described referring to FIG. 35.
First, a packetization number in the packet synthesizing unit 0102 is set at "5". The transmit data 0101 is now input per data block to the packet synthesizing unit 0102 at random times. The packet synthesizing unit 0102 writes the input transmit data 0101 together with the buffer write signal 0104 in the buffer 0103. When five data are stored in the buffer 0103, the packet synthesizing unit 0102 reads the data from the buffer 0103 for packetization and send the packet data to the wireless transmit unit 0109 as a transmit packet data 0106. These steps are repeated for data transmission.
However, in operating the conventional wireless LAN apparatus, a data volume for one packet is determined prior to the commencement of data communication between transmitting and receiving sides, while no particular change is made thereto in order to gain an optimum value after the communication commenced. Therefore, when a transmit rate in a wireless communication is changed, a packet length still remains the same.
In general, a communication rate in a wireless transmission channel is subject to changes according to a modulation system at a time of transmission. When the communication rate is high, an error rate is correspondingly high. The conventional method, however, does not allow the packet length to be extended despite the communication rate being low with fewer errors. Further, the packet length cannot be reduced either despite the communication rate being high with more errors. Thus, it is difficult to effectively use the transmission channel.
One of the measures to control errors when the transmission channel for wireless-communication is in bad shape is to reduce the packet length. The conventional method, however, does not allow the packet length to be changed, thereby making it impossible to select a suitable packet length depending on the status of transmission channel. Thus, the conventional method undergoes a load of errors resulting in quite a possible failure to maintain a required transmit rate.
Moreover, because the packet length cannot be changed in the conventional method when the input transmit data is temporarily slowed down, more time is required before the transmission. This is inadequate for the transmission of real-time data.
Also, it is necessary, in the conventional method, for the receiving side to prepare a receive buffer based on the assumption of a maximum rate and maximum packet length of the data to be received. This requires an excessively large buffer size creating another problem that the hardware increases.
The present invention is presented in light of the mentioned problems and designed to realize a constantly stable communication quality through an adaptive packet-length adjustment in response to changing conditions in connection with a wireless communication.

Wireless LAN apparatus for changing packet length according to changing conditions

Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.


A lithographic apparatus includes an interferometer configured to measure a position of a mirror of the lithographic apparatus. For measuring unflatness of the mirror the interferometer includes a modulator configured to modulate a position of an input beam of the interferometer, a synchronous detector configured to synchronously detect an interfered, modulated beam, and a calculator configured to calculate an unflatness of an area of the mirror from an effect of the modulation of the position of the input beam on an output signal of the synchronous detector. The modulator can include a rotatable, tilted, plan plate.

1. Background of the Invention
The present invention relates to a lithographic apparatus, an interferometer and a device manufacturing method.
2. Description of Related Art
A lithographic apparatus is a machine that applies a desired pattern onto a target portion of a substrate. Lithographic apparatus can be used, for example, in the manufacture of integrated circuits (ICs). In that circumstance, a patterning device, such as a mask, may be used to generate a circuit pattern corresponding to an individual layer of the IC, and this pattern can be imaged onto a target portion (e.g. including part of, one or several dies) on a substrate (e.g. a silicon wafer) that has a layer of radiation-sensitive material (resist). In general, a single substrate will contain a network of adjacent target portions that are successively exposed. Conventional lithographic apparatus include so-called steppers, in which each target portion is irradiated by exposing an entire pattern onto the target portion at once, and so-called scanners, in which each target portion is irradiated by scanning the pattern through the beam of radiation in a given direction (the "scanning"-direction) while synchronously scanning the substrate parallel or anti-parallel to this direction.
In such a lithographic apparatus, an interferometer might be used for measuring displacements with a high accuracy. U.S. Pat. No. 4,784,490 discloses a typical high stability plane mirror interferometer.
Although such an interferometer provides a highly accurate measurement, measurement errors may occur due to unflatness of the measurement mirror. When the measurement mirror is displaced, e.g., in a direction perpendicular to the measurement beam touching the measurement mirror, the measurement beam may touch the mirror at a different area on the mirror. Unflatness of the mirror may thus result in an error in the distance measurement by the interferometer.

Lithographic apparatus, interferometer and device manufacturing method


A display apparatus includes at least one light source per eye, the at least one light source being operable to emit a light beam; at least one beam scanning arrangement per eye, the at least one beam scanning arrangement being configured to direct the light beam towards a projection surface, and to sweep the light beam according to a scanning pattern, the scanning pattern being substantially in a form of a spiral; and a processor configured to control the at least one light source and the at least one beam scanning arrangement to draw at least a first region of an input image over the projection surface, wherein a resolution of the first region of the input image is to vary as a function of an angular distance from a centre of the spiral.

Nowadays, several technologies are being used to present interactive simulated environments to users of specialized devices. Such technologies include virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, and the like. Presently, the users utilize the specialized devices (for example, such as virtual reality headsets, a pair of virtual reality glasses, augmented reality headsets, a pair of augmented reality glasses, mixed reality headsets, a pair of mixed reality glasses, and the like) for experiencing and interacting with such simulated environments. Specifically, the simulated environments enhance the user's experience of reality around him/her by providing the user with a feeling of immersion within the simulated environment, using contemporary techniques such as stereoscopy.
Generally, the specialized devices include displays or screens arranged therein, whereupon images constituting the simulated environments are rendered. Often, such devices have dedicated displays for each eye of the user, for providing different views of a given scene within the simulated environment to the user's eyes. Such different views allow the user to perceive stereoscopic depth within the given scene, thereby, creating the feeling of immersion within the simulated environment. Nowadays, some specialized devices also allow for implementing gaze-contingency therein, thereby, adjusting (namely, controlling) the simulated environment based upon a direction of the user's gaze.
However, conventional specialized devices have certain limitations associated therewith. In some existing specialized devices, there is lack of or suboptimal provision for determining the direction of the user's gaze. As a result, such specialized devices are limited in their ability to provide foveated rendering of interactive simulated environments. In other existing specialized devices, immersive and seamless active foveation is extremely hard to implement since such devices include a large number of optical components (such as lenses, mirrors, projectors, and the like) that are movable to implement gaze contingency. Often, an arrangement of such optical components within the specialized devices is complex and requires substantial time for adjustment of multiple optical components. As a result, such specialized devices suffer from issues such as substantial processing lag, suboptimal immersiveness, bulky device design, and the like
Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks associated with conventional specialized devices for providing simulated environments.

Display apparatus and method of displaying using light source and beam scanning arrangement


Compounds that function to provide level or uniform metal deposits are provided. These compounds are particularly useful in providing level copper deposits. Copper plating baths and methods of copper plating using these compounds are also provided. These baths and methods are useful for providing a planarized layer of copper on a substrate having small apertures. The compositions and methods provide complete fill of small apertures with reduced void formation.

The present invention relates generally to the field of electrolytic plating compositions. In particular, the present invention relates to the field of copper electroplating compositions.
Methods for electroplating articles with metal coatings generally involve passing a current between two electrodes in a plating solution where one of the electrodes is the article to be plated. A typical acid copper plating solution comprises dissolved copper (usually copper sulfate), an acid electrolyte such as sulfuric acid in an amount sufficient to impart conductivity to the bath, and proprietary additives to improve the uniformity of the plating and the quality of the metal deposit. Such additives include brighteners, levelers, surfactants, suppressors, and the like.
Electrolytic copper plating solutions are used for many industrial applications. For example, they are used in the automotive industry to deposit base layers for subsequently applied decorative and corrosion protective coatings. They are also used in the electronics industry, particularly for the fabrication of printed circuit boards and semiconductors. For circuit board fabrication, copper is electroplated over selected portions of the surface of a printed circuit board and onto the walls of through holes passing between the surfaces of the circuit board base material. The walls of a through hole are first metallized to provide conductivity between the board's circuit layers. For semiconductor fabrication, copper is electroplated over the surface of a wafer containing a variety of features such as vias, trenches or a combination thereof. The vias and trenches are metallized to provide conductivity between various layers of the semiconductor device.
It is well known in certain areas of plating, such as in electroplating of printed circuit boards, that the use of brighteners and/or levelers in the electroplating bath can be crucial in achieving a uniform metal deposit on a substrate surface. Plating a substrate having irregular topography can pose particular difficulties. During electroplating a voltage drop variation typically will exist along an irregular surface which can result in an uneven metal deposit. Plating irregularities are exacerbated where the voltage drop variation is relatively extreme, i.e., where the surface irregularity is substantial. As a result, a thicker metal deposit, termed overplating, is observed over such surface irregularities. Consequently, high quality metal plating (e.g., a metal layer or plate of substantially uniform thickness) is frequently a challenging step in the manufacture of electronic devices.
Leveling agents are often used in copper plating baths to provide substantially uniform, or level, copper layers. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,038,161 (Eckles et al.) discloses a method of producing level copper deposits by electroplating copper from a copper plating bath containing at least one organic leveling compound obtained by reacting one or more epihalohydrins with one or more nitrogen containing compounds selected from certain substituted pyridines, quinolione or aminoquinoline, isoquinoline or benzimidazole. Reaction products of imidazoles are not disclosed. This patent fails to disclose the copper plating of small features in substrates used in the manufacture of integrated circuits.
The use of leveling agents in semiconductor manufacture is known but such agents are known to provide poor fill performance of small features, such as vias and trenches. For example, known leveling agents that have been used in semiconductor manufacture form substantially planar surfaces, however, they also form a substantial number of voids in the vias or trenches. Such voids can cause electrical open circuits in the semiconductor. As the geometries of electronic devices get smaller, the difficulty of plating a uniform copper layer while completely filling the smaller features becomes more difficult.
One proposed solution is that found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,024,857 (Reid) which discloses the use of certain leveling agents in the copper electroplating of wafers. In this patent, the leveling agents are selected such that they consist essentially of molecules having a size at least equal to the width of the feature to be plated. Such leveling agents are macromolecules, having molecular weights of from 200,000 to 10,000,000. Such an approach is problematic when features of different sizes are present in the same substrate. Also, such leveling agents are so large that they are removed from the plating baths during normal filtration processes to remove particulates.
Thus, there is a need in the art for leveling agents for use in semiconductor manufacture that do not form voids, show reduced overplating and are useful for plating substrates having different sized features.


A floating fish raceway apparatus (10) for raising and harvesting fish in a body of water, the fish raceway apparatus having a frame (11), a flexible mesh cage (12) depending from the frame (11) and forming an enclosure for raising the fish, and a harvesting means (14) for drawing the flexible mesh cage (12) together in order to draw the fish to one end of the fish cage (10) for easy retrieval from the cage (10).

Various apparatuses have been employed in raising and harvesting large quantities of fish. One such apparatus is a fish growing tank. The fish growing tank typically comprises a large round tank, or perhaps a long rectangular tank, which contains a large volume of water for housing the fish and includes a water circulation system to maintain an oxygen supply in the water. To harvest or retrieve fish of a desired size from a fish growing tank, an operator scoops appropriate sized fish from the tank with a fish net. An advantage of using a fish growing tank to raise large quantities of fish is that it is easy to retrieve the fish from the tank. However, such tanks are expensive to clean and maintain and their control systems are subject to mechanical and power failures, which creates the potential for massive loss of fish.
A simple, less expensive, and less risky apparatus for raising and harvesting fish is a fish cage. The fish cage typically comprises a sturdy rectangular cage with mesh walls and a removable lid. The cages are stocked with fish and submerged in a pond, lake, or other similar water channel, connected by a rope typically tied to a dock. Within these cages, fish are allowed to grow while they are fed and raised for sale. An advantage of using fish cages to raise fish is that the cages are not vulnerable to power failures. However, retrieving the fish from these cages can be difficult.
More specifically, in order to allow for easy handling of the cages, their size is limited, which means that many cages are required to raise a substantial volume of fish. A typical cage size is four feet by four feet square. Harvesting fish from even one of these cages often requires a handful of laborers. As a result, the operations of a large scale fishery are rather labor intensive. In addition, the harvesting operation is quite time consuming, as nets are typically used to scoop the fish from the cages, and requires that the fish be removed from the water at least temporarily, which can injure or even kill the fish.
Feeding and treatment of fish within fish cages can create problems. Containing the feed within the cages for a sufficient period of time to ensure complete consumption by the fish can be difficult. For example, when using sinking feed, oftentimes, the fish will not consume all of the feed before the sinking feed "sinks" below the cage out of reach of the fish. In addition, treating the fish in these cages with a medical solution often requires that the entire pond or lake be treated, which can be expensive and wasteful.
Furthermore, with fish growing tanks and fish cages, there is no simple and efficient way to grade large quantities of fish. For example, in order to retrieve only large sized fish from a fish cage, one or more operators are required to raise the fish cage to the surface of the water, while an additional operator, armed with a fish dip net, scoops the larger fish from the cage, returning any small fish inadvertently retrieved back into the cage. Such a task is undesirably time consuming and labor intensive.
Accordingly, a heretofore unaddressed need exists for a simple apparatus and method for raising large quantities of fish wherein the fish can be fed and treated efficiently and from which the fish can be easily graded by size and harvested for sale. It is to such an apparatus and method that the present invention is directed.


A crash attenuation system has an airbag inflatable generally adjacent to an exterior of the aircraft. The system includes a gas generator in fluid communication with an interior of the airbag. The system also includes a vent system having a vent passage supported by the aircraft, the vent passage being configured to allow gas to escape from within the airbag during an impact to a second set of airbags for flotation. The vent system also includes an actuator door for sealing the vent passage, thereby preventing gas from leaving the airbag. The actuator door is actuated by an actuator, the actuator being in fluid communication with the gas generator through an actuator duct. The system operates such that deployment of gas from the gas generator causes the actuator to inflate, thereby causing the actuator door to seal the vent passage. The gas generator is configured to re-inflate the airbag after the actuator door seals the vent passage.

1. Field of the Invention
The system of the present application relates to airbags for a vehicle. In particular, the system of the present application relates to a vent system for use with external airbags for an aircraft.
2. Description of Related Art
Conventional airbag systems typically don't have a means for resealing after venting during a crash. As such, the airbag vents through a blow-away valve, or the like. Other conventional airbag systems may rely upon a designated actuator system for controlling airflow and/or sealing an airbag vent passage. A designated actuator system adds complexity and weight to the aircraft.
Although the developments in airbag systems have produced significant improvements, considerable shortcomings remain.
While the system and method of the present application are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiment disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the process of the present application as defined by the appended claims.

Active vent and re-inflation system for a crash attentuation airbag


A semiconductor package includes a package main body. The package main body includes: a lead frame that includes first terminals and a die pad; two or more integrated circuit chips that are disposed on the die pad; one or more electrically conductive members that are disposed on the die pad; wires that connect the first terminals and the integrated circuit chips electrically; and a molded member that seals the lead frame, the integrated circuit chips, the electrically conductive member, and the wires. An upper surface, a bottom surface, and side surfaces of the package main body are formed by the molded member. The electrically conductive member is exposed through the upper surface of the package main body, and the die pad is exposed through the bottom surface of the package main body.

Conventionally, quad-flat no-lead packages (QFNs) are widely used as semiconductor packages that enable high heat radiation and high density mounting. QFNs are surface-mount semiconductor packages that have: an integrated circuit (IC) chip; a die bonding area that is a metal sheet onto which the IC chip is mounted; terminals for external connection; wires that connect the IC chip and the terminals; and a resin molded member that seals these.
Conventionally, surface-mount semiconductor packages are known in which a plurality of IC chips are sealed together using a resin molded member in order to achieve larger systems using a single semiconductor package. Examples of such semiconductor packages include multi-chip packages (MCPs), multi-chip modules (MCMs), and systems-in-package (SiPs), for example. In semiconductor packages in which a plurality of IC chips are sealed together using a molded member, since the electrode pads, wires, and terminals of the IC chips, which each have separate functions, are disposed in close proximity, some of the input/output signals in each of the IC chips are easily coupled electrically by means of the respective electrode pads, wires, or terminals. This electrical coupling degrades isolation among the IC chips, and constitutes a cause that gives rise to malfunctioning of the IC chips.
Conventionally, semiconductor packages have been proposed in which distances between electrode pads, distances between wires, and distances between terminals of IC chips are all separated by greater than or equal to a fixed distance in order to suppress deterioration of isolation among the IC chips (see Patent Literature 1, for example).
Conventionally, semiconductor packages have also been proposed in which IC chips that are mounted to a circuit board are covered by a metal sheet that functions as electromagnetic shielding, and a resin is filled between the IC chips and the metal sheet, in order to suppress external electromagnetic interference on the IC chips (see Patent Literature 2, for example).
In addition, conventionally, modules have also been proposed in which a plurality of semiconductor packages that are each mounted to a module circuit board are sealed together using a resin molded member, and conductor shielding is disposed on an external surface of the molded member, in order to suppress external electromagnetic interference on the plurality of semiconductor packages. In these modules, conductor posts that extend from the module circuit board to the conductor shielding are disposed in the molded member (see Patent Literature 3 and 4, for example).