A device for measuring the amount of fluids absorbed by surgical sponges. The sponges are placed in a receiving cylinder. A flexible diaphragm at the bottom of the cylinder flexes or deflects from the weight. This deflection displaces a fluid in a base unit. The fluid is displaced into a graduated cylinder. The cylinder is graduated in simple volume units or can include compensation for the sponge weights. A counter is included which allows the number of sponges being measured to be counted.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the measurement of fluids absorbed in surgical sponges.
2. Description of the Related Art
Various sponges are used during surgical procedures to absorb blood and other fluids utilized during the operation. One problem which occurs is that the amount of blood lost during the procedure must be tracked. Some of the blood is suctioned direction into a graduated cylinder for measurement, but some blood is always lost under the various drapes and on the floor and some blood is absorbed in the sponges used during the procedure. Some estimate of the blood absorbed by the sponges thus needs to be made. Conventionally the estimate is made merely by a visual inspection of the sponges, but this technique is highly prone to error. In some instances the absorbed blood estimate is more important, such as in critically ill patients, children and patients being evaluated for blood transfusion therapy. In these instances the sponges are individually weighed. However, this conventionally is a tedious process. Additionally, because the scale used in weighing the sponges produces a weight reading, calculations must be performed to translate the weight to a volume measurement, introducing an additional error location. Thus it is relatively common that only very rough estimates, or even in some cases, no track at all, is kept of the blood absorbed by the sponge.


A bus data signal is applied to a tapped data delay line. The various increasingly delayed data values present at the taps of the delay line are clocked into respective cells of a sticky ZEROs register (SZERO) previously initialized to all ONES, and into respective cells of a sticky ONES (SONE) register previously initialized to all ZEROS. SZERO measures the unit interval of a ONE.

Consider a digital system wherein a communications path, such as a bus, transmits both a clock and some accompanying data. Typically, the phase of the clock is delayed by a half-cycle of the data, so that the data has time to set up, whereupon a transition in the clock indicates that it is time to capture the value of the data, which might be a logical ONE or a logical ZERO. As is well known, temperature variations, power supply drift, higher speeds, longer data paths, wider bus widths and inter-symbol interference all conspire to degrade timing and voltage margins, leading to various strategies of compensation. One such strategy is to periodically train the receiver mechanism by transmitting a known pattern of data, whereupon the receiver adjusts itself to register the correct results. Another is to continuously monitor transitions in the data and deliberately variously delay the clock transition by an amount that produces the needed half cycle.
These techniques can benefit from a first hand knowledge of the unit interval of the data signals on the bus. The unit interval (UI) is the length of a data bit, or the transition-to-transition cycle time, and is also subject to variations influenced by variations in temperature, power supply voltages, etc. It can also happen that UI(ONE) [the unit interval of a ONE] might not be the same as UI(ZERO) [the unit interval of a ZERO]. Thus, it would be desirable if the receiver could periodically, or on an as-needed basis, discover the actual unit intervals UI(ONE) and UI(ZERO), and do so in a fashion that lends itself to subsequent identification of the points in time that are at the middle of the effective (or equivalent) unit interval (say, of an average of UI(ONE) and UI(ZERO), in order to clock the data capture mechanism at exactly those times). A worthy goal, indeed, but it requires that we actually perform an onboard measurement of UI(ONE) and UI(ZERO). What to do?

Unit interval discovery for a bus receiver


A method for manufacturing a motorcycle tire comprises: building a raw tire main body, building a breaker, sticking the breaker, and building a band. The building of the breaker comprises: moving two cylindrical support rings to operating positions, swelling the raw tire main body to have its crown portion protruding from the support rings through a gap therebetween, and winding a breaker ply material on the support rings to form a cylindrical breaker ply whose inner surface is adhered to the raw tire main body. The sticking of the breaker comprises: expanding a profiled deck to swell the raw tire main body into a second swollen state, and turning down both edge portions of the breaker while being supported by the profiled deck. The building of the band comprises: spirally winding a tape on the curved breaker ply while being supported by the profiled deck.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a motorcycle tire provided in the tread portion with a breaker and a band, more particularly to a method for building a raw tire by the use of breaker support rings capable of improving the uniformity of the tire.
In a method for manufacturing a pneumatic tire for four-wheeled vehicles, a widely employed process for building a raw tire is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 11, a carcass ply c1 is wound into a cylindrical shape on a carcass building drum (not shown) and bead cores c2 are fitted on the cylindrical carcass c to form a cylindrical raw tire main body d. On the other hand, breaker plies b1, a band ply b2 and a tread rubber b3 are wound on a tread building drum (not shown) to form a cylindrical tread assembly b separately from the raw tire main body d. Then, by the use of a shaping drum e, the cylindrical raw tire main body d is swollen or shaped into a toroidal form by the use of an inflatable bladder for pressurizing the inside of the raw tire so that the crown portion of the swollen raw tire main body d adheres to the tread assembly b waiting on the radially outside of the raw tire main body d. Further, both edge portions of the cylindrical tread assembly b are turned down onto the toroidal raw tire main body d by the use of pressure rollers f1 so that the entirety of the tread assembly b adheres to the raw tire main body d.
In a motorcycle tire whose tread portion has a relatively small radius of curvature when compared with the passenger car tires, truck/bus tires and the like, the radius of curvature of the crown portion of the toroidal raw tire main body d is also relatively small. Therefore, if the above-mentioned manufacturing method is employed, when the edge portions of the cylindrical tread assembly are turned down onto the toroidal raw tire main body, the breaker cord arrangement and the band cord arrangement are liable to be disturbed. In particular, since the band cord angle with respect to the tire circumferential direction is small, the band is liable to cause undulation when pressed. Thus, the band is liable to exert a bad influence on the tire uniformity than the breaker whose cord angles are relatively small and cord lengths are relatively short.
Thus, it is difficult to improve the uniformity of a motorcycle tire provided with a breaker and a band.

Method for manufacturing motorcycle tire


A storage stable dessicated composition is formed of a DX-52-1 derivative according to Formula (I) ##STR1## and at least one saccharide. The composition may be formed by lyophilizing a composition which preferably has a pH of 7-12.

DX-52-1 according to Formula (I-1) shown below and derivatives thereof are known to have antitumor activity as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,650,869. ##STR2##
However, DX-52-1 and derivatives thereof (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "DX-52-1 derivatives") decompose easily in an aqueous solution. For example, while DX-52-1 is relatively stable in an aqueous solution under an alkaline condition of pH 7 or above, long-term preservability and stability of DX-52-1 is not sufficient. It is therefore necessary to develop a long-term preservable and stable preparation of DX-52-1.

Method for stabilizing compound DX-52-1 and lyophilized composition thereof


A drivetrain for a hybrid electric vehicle having a rear wheel drive configuration and a four wheel drive configuration is disclosed. Certain of the mounting flanges and input/output couplings are replicated between a transmission, a transfer case and an electric drive unit.

The present invention relates to a drivetrain for a hybrid electric vehicle.
In conventional automotive vehicles that include two wheel (rear wheel) drive and four wheel drive configurations, two different transmission configurations are employed-one for the two wheel drive configuration and one for the four wheel drive configuration. The two wheel (rear wheel) drive configuration of the transmission has an output shaft connecting to a U-joint of a drive shaft. The four wheel drive configuration of the transmission has an output end that mounts to an input end of a transfer case, with the output of the transfer case having an output shaft connecting to the U-joint of a shorter drive shaft.
More recently, a desire has arisen to provide hybrid electric automotive vehicles that allow for a two wheel (rear wheel) drive configuration and a four wheel drive configuration. In particular, there is a desire for a hybrid electric vehicle having an internal combustion engine driving a generally conventional transmission, with an electric drive unit downstream in the drivetrain from the transmission. Such a hybrid electric vehicle is desirable in both two wheel (rear wheel) drive and four wheel drive configurations, which can require multiple configurations for the various components in the drivetrain. For example, two different transmission configurations would be needed to accommodate both two and four wheel drive configurations (i.e., without and with a transfer case). And, the electric drive unit needs to be added and connected to the drivetrain in some way. Moreover, some of the underbody systems may need to be modified to allow for packaging of both of these configurations and the extra component. Many of these changes add extra cost and complexity to the various components and to their assembly into the drivetrain.


In one embodiment, a command pertaining to one or more portions of a register is received from guest software. Further, a determination is made as to whether the guest software has access to all of the requested portions of the register based on indicators within a mask field that correspond to the requested portions of the register. If the guest software has access to all of the requested portions of the register, the command received from the guest software is executed on the requested portions of the register.

A conventional virtual-machine monitor (VMM) typically runs on a computer and presents to other software the abstraction of one or more virtual machines. Each virtual machine may function as a self-contained platform, running its own "guest operating system" (i.e., an operating system hosted by the VMM). The guest operating system expects to operate as if it were running on a dedicated computer rather than a virtual machine. That is, the guest operating system expects to control various computer operations and have access to hardware resources during these operations. The hardware resources may include processor-resident resources (e.g., control registers) and resources that reside in memory (e.g., descriptor tables).
In a virtual-machine environment, the VMM should be able to have ultimate control over these resources to provide proper operation of virtual machines and for protection from and between virtual machines. To achieve this, the VMM typically intercepts and arbitrates all accesses made by guest software to the hardware resources. Specifically, when guest software requests an operation that requires access to a protected hardware resource, the control over this operation is transferred to the VMM which then assures the validity of the access, emulates the functionality desired by guest software and transfers control back to the guest software, thereby protecting the hardware resources and virtualizing accesses of guest software to hardware resources. Because the number of hardware resource elements that need to be protected from accesses by guest software is large and such accesses may be frequent, there is a significant performance cost associated with this protection and virtualization.
One example of a hardware resource that is frequently accessed by guest software is a control register. For instance, in the instruction-set architecture (ISA) of the Intel Pentium IV (referred to herein as the IA-32 ISA), there are a number of control registers that are used to configure the processor operating mode, control the memory subsystem configuration and hardware resources, etc. Typically, when guest software attempts to access a bit in a control register, the control is transferred to the VMM which is responsible for maintaining consistency between write and read operations initiated by the guest software with respect to this bit. That is, the VMM controls the value that guest software is allowed to write to each bit of the control register and the value that guest software reads from each bit. Such virtualization of control register accesses creates significant performance overheads.

Control register access virtualization performance improvement in the virtual-machine architecture


A refrigerator appliance including a refrigerated chamber defined by a liner positioned within a cabinet is provided. At least one track extends generally along a vertical direction of the refrigerator appliance attached to or positioned adjacent to the liner. Additionally, a shelf assembly is configured to attach to the track. An electrical bar extends at least partially within the track and a probe of the shelf assembly is configured to extend into the track and press against the electrical bar along a transverse direction. The probe may accordingly make an electrical connection with electrical bar when the shelf assembly is attached the track.

Refrigerator appliances generally include a cabinet that defines a chilled chamber for receipt of food items for storage. For example, the cabinet can define a fresh food chamber and a freezer chamber. The fresh food chamber can be maintained at a temperature greater than the freezing point of water. Conversely, the freezer chamber can be maintained at a temperature equal to or less than the freezing point of water.
Refrigerator appliances generally also include one or more shelf assemblies positioned within the fresh food chamber and/or the freezer chamber to facilitate storage and/or organization of any food items positioned therein. Typically, the shelf assemblies are adjustable in height using, e.g., a cantilevered track assembly. Accordingly, with such a configuration, the user may customize the fresh food chamber and/or the freezer chamber of the refrigerator appliance to meet their specific needs.
Modern refrigerator appliances can also include lighting systems attached to or embedded within the one or more shelf assemblies. The lighting systems can, e.g., illuminate the shelf assembly itself, or alternatively can illuminate a lower shelf assembly. However, in order for such refrigerator appliances to provide such lighting systems with electrical power, one or more electric wires are generally required to be disconnected and reconnected as the shelf assembly is adjusted. Certain consumers may find such electrical wires unsightly and may find the additional steps of disconnecting and reconnecting wires undesirable.
Accordingly, a refrigerator appliance having one or more shelf assemblies capable of connecting a lighting system to an electrical source without requiring disconnection and reconnection of electrical wires would be useful. Moreover, a refrigerator appliance having one or more shelf assemblies capable of connecting a lighting system to an electrical source without any visible connections would be particularly beneficial.


In a ROM having a ROM core and a plurality of output enable circuit blocks, precharging is achieved by precharging one or more nodes in each output enable circuit block. Each of the nodes corresponds to a group of bit lines. Substantially less current is used to precharge the nodes than is used to precharge multiple bit lines. The output enable circuit block includes a plurality of column enable circuits and a least one buffer. Each column enable circuit receives an enable signal and a bit line signal, and has an output line coupled to one of the buffers. During precharging, the output lines are in tri-state and the precharge signal drives the buffers. After precharging, one enable signal goes active. The corresponding column enable circuit generates an output which drives a buffer. The other column enable circuits are in tri-state.

This invention relates generally to read only memory circuits, and more particularly, to precharge and output enable methods for reducing power consumption of read only memory circuits.
There is a continuing need for increased memory capacity and reduced power consumption of read only memory (ROM) and other memory storage devices. ROM circuits are included on dedicated ROM integrated circuits and as circuit blocks on other integrated circuits such as ASICs. FIG. 1 shows a timing diagram for a conventional ROM circuit having a clock signal `CLK`, an address signal `Address` and a data signal `Data.` According to standard ROM operation, the ROM circuitry is precharged during each access cycle to assure that a valid data value is read from a ROM cell. Without precharging, the data corresponding to a desired address may be corrupted.
Conventionally, the entire ROM core is precharged during each access cycle. During one phase of the access cycle precharging occurs. During a subsequent phase, data is read. In a typical embodiment the step of precharging includes charging a capacitance on each bit line of the ROM core. Discharging then occurs during a subsequent read phase of the access cycle. Referring to the timing diagram of FIG. 1, a ROM is in a precharge mode when signal nCS is unasserted (e.g., logic 1). During such mode the address decoders and output drivers are disabled, and the signal `precharge` is active (e.g., logic 1). The precharge signal is given a long rise time to charge up the column slowly so that it does not introduce electromagnetic interference in a ROM cell. Signal `rowdecsel` is the enable signal for the row and column decoders and is the logical inverse of signal nCS.
When nCS is asserted (e.g., logic 0), the precharge mode is over and discharging/reading begins. Signal rowdecsel becomes active (e.g., logic 1) to enable row and column decoding. The address bus latches. Soon after signal nCS is asserted, signal nRD also is asserted (e.g., logic 0) to enable the output drivers. Signal `out enable` is the output buffer enable signal and is the logical NOR of signals nCS and nRD. After signal `out enable` becomes active (e.g., logic 0) the data signal becomes valid (e.g., portion 12 of signal Data.
In an exemplary ROM circuit each bit line has a capacitance of approximately 2 picofarads which is precharged and discharged. For a 1024 column design, approximately 2048 pf are charged during each access cycle. Accordingly, considerable power is consumed by large ROMs having many columns. It is desirable to implement more efficient ROM circuits which consume relatively less power without compromising operability or performance.


A removable core, axial pin tumbler lock includes an inner cylinder assembly which is retained within a housing for the lock by means of a spring biased disc which may be decoupled from the housing by means of insertion of a pick through a passageway defined in the inner cylinder assembly when the components parts of the assembly are appropriately aligned.

This invention relates to an axial pin tumbler lock which includes a removable core.
Axial pin tumbler locks are useful, particularly for cabinet drawers and the like. Often the installation of an axial pin tumbler lock requires replacement of the locking mechanism for various reasons. For example, the keys for the lock may have been duplicated and it is desired, for security reasons, to change the combination. Further, the lock housing may be attached to cabinetry or some other fixture without the locking mechanism. Then the fixture and lock housing may be further processed before the locking mechanism is inserted or incorporated with the lock housing. Thus there has developed a need to provide a removable core, axial pin tumbler lock wherein the key combination associated with the lock may be altered by replacement of the core of the lock while the cylinder or housing for the lock remains affixed to a cabinet, drawer or the like.


The invention is a dehumidifier comprising an adjustable float with a variable height cam surface that is in contact with the actuator of an interlock switch, which controls the supply of power to the refrigeration system of the dehumidifier. The float is rotatably mounted to the collection bucket of the dehumidifier and rotates as the bucket fills with liquid. At a sufficient amount of rotation, the cam surface will no longer be in contact with the actuator of the interlock switch, resulting in the removal of power from the refrigeration system. The float can be laterally adjusted so that a variable height cam surface is aligned with the actuator of the interlock switch to permit the user to vary the liquid level at which the interlock switch is activated to cut off power to the refrigeration system.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to dehumidifiers for removing moisture from the surrounding atmosphere; and, more particularly, to an adjustable float for a dehumidifier that provides for setting the liquid level at which the dehumidifier turns off to control the volume of liquid retained by the dehumidifier.
2. Description of the Related Art
Dehumidifiers are a well known household appliance used to remove moisture from the atmosphere. A typical household dehumidifier will comprise a cabinet in which a refrigeration system is disposed. The refrigeration system removes moisture from the air by condensing the moisture on the cooled evaporator coils of the refrigeration system. The moisture is typically collected in a retainer or bucket that is disposed beneath the cooled evaporator coils to catch the moisture as it drips from the evaporator coils.
Typically, some type of sensor is used to measure the level of liquid collected in the bucket to turn off the refrigeration system of the dehumidifier when the liquid reaches an appropriate level to prevent the overflow of the liquid within the bucket. In previous dehumnidifiers, a common practice is to provide a float within the bucket that rises with the level of the liquid and actuates a switch controlling power to the refrigeration system to turn off the refrigeration system once the liquid level reaches a predetermined height. One disadvantage of this class of dehumidifiers is that the sensor typically does not shut off the refrigeration system until the bucket is substantially full and does not provide any means for adjusting the liquid level at which the power to the refrigeration system has turned off, resulting in many users spilling the liquid from the bucket as they remove the bucket from the dehumidifier for draining and, some users, particularly the elderly, find the full bucket too heavy to easily and safely to remove and carry to drain the bucket.
Some previous dehumidifiers have attempted to provide for adjusting the liquid level at which the refrigeration system is turned off. Typically, these dehumidifiers incorporated a bucket whose upper rim was pivotally mounted to an exterior surface of the cabinet and whose lower portion rested against a spring mounted to the exterior of the cabinet. The spring provided an opposing force to the pivoting weight of the bucket to initially keep the bucket a predetermined distance from a switch controlling the refrigeration system. As the bucket filled with water, the bucket applied a force to the spring greater than the spring, permitting the bucket to contact the switch and turn off the power to the refrigeration system. To adjust the liquid level with these types of systems, the distance the spring extended from the cabinet was adjusted or the amount of spring force was adjusted.
Although these types of liquid level systems generally performed satisfactorily, they needlessly add another component, the spring, to the dehumidifier. The addition of the extra component results in extra costs during manufacturing and in the storing of additional parts. Also, some of the previous liquid level adjustment systems required a tool to adjust the spring tension. It is desirable to provide a dehumidifier that has an adjustable liquid level without the need for the addition of extra parts and to provide greater ease for the user in adjusting the liquid level shut off.

Dehumidifier with an adjustable float for setting the moisture level shut off


An anti-tumor composition for nasal administration has chlorogenic acid as an active ingredient, with the addition of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or auxiliary ingredients. The chlorogenic acid preparation can improve the bioavailability of chlorogenic acid for nasal administration, penetrate the blood-brain barrier, have a significant inhibitory effect on brain tumors and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and possess a clinical application value.

Nasal cavity, as an administration route for systemic therapy, is a very active research hotspot, and especially for protein and peptide drugs, nasal administration may become an effective method to replace injection used for a long time. In addition, the nasal mucosa is an effective way to achieve brain-targeted drug delivery. Compared with the method of oral administration and injection, nasal administration has many characteristics: (1) The method is simple, with a good compliance, and the patient can complete the medication by himself Even when the patient cannot take the drug by himself, the family can also help to perform the administration of drug; (2) After it is administered through the nasal cavity, the drug can have a local effect, and it can also be absorbed through the nasal mucosa into the systemic circulation and reach the brain; (3) The drug can have a fast onset and be rapidly absorbed; (4) The drug avoids the first pass effect caused by oral administration and has high bioavailability.
Chlorogenic acid, as a depside originated from caffeic acid and quinic acid, is a phenylpropanoid compound produced by the shikimic acid pathway during aerobic respiration of plants. It is an important biologically active substance, and has actions such as antibacterial, antiviral, increasing white blood cell, protecting liver and choleretics, anti-tumor, lowering blood pressure and fat, scavenging free radicals, exciting the central nervous system and so on. Chlorogenic acid contains polar groups of five hydroxyls and one carboxyl, and this feature of molecular structure determines that oral administration is prone to degradation and leads to a low bioavailability. Therefore, most of the drug development focusing on chlorogenic acid is based on injections, and a small number of them use techniques such as structural modification to improve the oral bioavailability of chlorogenic acid, and significant effects have also been obtained.
At present, clinical progress on chlorogenic acid has been made in the anti-tumor field, and chlorogenic acid for injection developed by the prior company is in clinical phase II/III research. In addition, there are no other formulations of chlorogenic acid used for anti-tumor on the market or in clinical research. Patent CN 105147656A provides a chlorogenic acid preparation for nasal administration, that has a simple formula. Although the content of chlorogenic acid is high, but the nasal absorption rate is low, and it can only be used to treat allergic rhinitis.

Chlorogenic acid-containing composition for nasal administration

SICHUAN JIUZHANG BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.


A computing device for tracking an object in an image stream, said computing device comprising a memory and a controller, wherein said controller is configured to: receive an image stream comprising at least a first and a previous image of an object to be tracked, determine contour lines in at least said first image, wherein said contour lines comprises a plurality of points, determine and assign at least one descriptor to each point, filter out points based on the descriptors, determine relative distances between each point in said first picture with each point in said previous picture, which points have not been filtered out; and determine a maximum occurrence for the relative distances, wherein the maximum occurrence corresponds to a movement of said object to be tracked in the plane. A movement in a direction parallel to the line of sight is determined from an average position, a relative distance and slopes of linear fittings for each point-component of the points in the two images.

Developers have been trying to successfully implement vision based control in contemporary devices such as gaming consoles, computers and smart phones. Most attempts have been unsuccessful in providing a control system that is sufficiently effective to be practical for operation under all real life scenarios. Some examples of such systems are given below.
The American patent application published as US2011299737 discloses a vision-based hand movement recognition system and method thereof are disclosed. In embodiment, a hand posture is recognized according to consecutive hand images first. If the hand posture matches a start posture, the system then separates the consecutive hand images into multiple image groups and calculates motion vectors of these image groups. The distributions of these motion vectors are compared with multiple three-dimensional motion vector histogram equalizations to determine a corresponding movement for each image group. For example, the corresponding movement can be a left moving action, a right moving action, an up moving action or a down moving action. Finally, the combination of these corresponding movements is defined as a gesture, and an instruction mapped to this gesture is then executed.
The international patent application published as WO09128064 discloses a method for man machine interaction with an electronic device associated with an electronic display comprises capturing images of at least one hand positioned over an input device, tracking position or posture of the hand from the images; switching from interaction based on interaction with an input device to pointing device emulation in response to detecting a gesture performed with the hand, and emulating a pointing device based on the tracking, with the hand no longer performing the gesture.
The British patent application published as GB2474536 discloses how a user controls an electronic device (TV, DVD player, PC, mobile phone, camera, STB) based on computer vision. Image sensor captures a sequence of images of field of view. Processor receives the sequence of images; detects movement of at least one object in the images; applies a shape recognition algorithm (such as contour detection) on the at least one moving object; confirms that the object is a user hand by combining information from at least two images of the object; and tracks the object to detect control gestures for controlling the device. Shape recognition may be applied together with or before movement detection. In a first stage, an initializing gesture, such as a wave like movement, may be detected. In poor lighting conditions a user hand may be identified based mainly on movement detection. User hand gestures may control cursor movement and operation, select and manipulate objects (e.g. icons), or provide button click emulation, e.g. mouse click commands. Image sensor may be a 2D camera such as a webcam or a 3D camera and may be integrated with or external to device or IR sensitive.
The tracking provided by such systems are simply too slow to be effective or they require specially adapted cameras. One major disadvantage is that they require good light conditions to operate and high resolution pictures which make them unsuitable for use in poor or adverse light conditions. They are also unsuitable for use at distances larger than 3 meters.
Another major disadvantage is the complexity of the calculations involved in the prior art systems which require vast computational resources. As such resources are costly the prior art systems are not suited for implementation in devices such as smart phones, internet tablets, laptops or gaming consoles.
There is thus a need for a manner of tracking an object in a video stream that is able to operate under low light conditions and at distances greater than 3 meters. There is also a need for a manner of tracking objects that does not require specially adapted equipment and can be used in any computational device. Furthermore there is a great need for a manner of tracking an object in an image stream that does not require vast computational resources.
Contemporary devices that are used for tracking objects in a direction parallel to the line of sight, that is, for tracking objects moving away and towards a camera all require specialized equipment such as stereo cameras or range cameras. Such specialized equipment is expensive and there thus exist a need to provide a low-cost alternative to such specialized camera equipment.


An apparatus for thallium-containing superconductor with grains having c-axis alignment perpendicular to the plane of the substrate is fabricated by controlling the thallium oxide vapor partial pressure during the steps of warming the precursor, reaction soaking the precursor with the thallium oxide vapor, and cooling the thallium-containing precursor in a thallium oxide vapor below about 10.sup.-3 atmospheres.

Oxide superconductors hold promise for achieving significant improvements in the efficiency, size, and weight of a wide variety of electrical equipment, such as motors, generators, transformers, magnets, and transmission lines. For many of these applications considerable lengths of conductor must be fabricated that have critical current densities of at least 10.sup.4 -10.sup.5 A/cm.sup.2 in magnetic fields of one tesla (T) or greater at operation temperature. The need to produce large quantities of conductors economically has stimulated effort worldwide to develop processes for fabricating polycrystalline wires and tapes from oxide superconductors belonging to the Y-Ba-Cu-oxide (YBCO), Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-oxide (BCSCO), and Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-oxide (TCBCO) families. Key to the success of this work is the ability to prepare polycrystalline conductors which have both excellent intergranular connectivity and excellent magnetic flux pinning characteristics.
Methods of preparing thallium system superconductors are documented in the literature. One method of preparation is reported in "Bulk Superconductivity at 120 K in the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O System," Z.Z. Sheng and A.M. Hermann, Nature Vol. 332, Mar. 10, 1988, pp. 138-139. Briefly described, appropriate amounts of powdered Tl203, CaO, and BaCu.sub.3 O.sub.4 were mixed, ground, and pressed into pellets. The pellets were heated in a furnace at 880.degree.-910.degree. C. with an oxygen flowing atmosphere for three to five minutes. After heating, the pellets were quenched to room temperature in air or furnace cooled to room temperature. Basically, the pellets were reaction sintered by the heat treatment, forming a superconducting conductor.
Thin films of thallium superconductors have also been made by sequential thermal evaporation, sequential electron beam evaporation, and spray pyrolysis of nitrate solutions containing the precursor cations, such as calcium, copper, and barium. A limitation for these methods is the time needed to deposit a layer about 10-100 gm of the precursor deposit on the substrate.
The above-mentioned sintered ceramic pellets, thin films, and spray pyrolysis nitrate solutions are subsequently treated by heating in flowing air or oxygen at temperatures of about 800-900.degree. C. to form the superconducting compositions. A drawback for these systems is that thallium oxide has an appreciable vapor pressure at the temperature required to form the superconductor. As a result, thallium can be vaporized during the 800-900.degree. C. annealing temperatures leading to the loss of thallium from the superconductor.
A further drawback to the above methods of making thallium superconductors is that low current carrying capacity occurs when the grains are weakly linked or poorly connected. Generally, the superconducting films have a non-textured microstructure with poor critical current. Often the grains have the c-axis parallel to the substrate surface.
To achieve high current carrying capacity in thallium superconductors, the microstructure of the superconductor needs to have strongly aligned crystal microstructure with the c-axis perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. In the past, methods and apparatuses have not disclosed the means of making continuous long lengths of thallium superconductors that achieve the desired microstructure for high current carrying capacity.
Recently, a method for making high critical current and high critical current density thallium superconductors having the c-axis perpendicular to the plane of the substrate has been disclosed in commonly owned and assigned U.S. patent application, Ser. No. 08/537,578, incorporated herein by reference.
Thus, there is a need for an apparatus to fabricate continuously long lengths of thallium-containing superconductors that produces a uniform superconducting phase and microstructure over long lengths of superconductor material with the c-axis aligned perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. There is an additional need for an apparatus to fabricate long lengths of superconducting conductors rapidly and economically by continuous and batch processes. The long lengths of thallium superconductor can be used for magnet and transmission applications, to mention a few.

Apparatus for fabrication of superconductor


There is claimed a lower wing structure for a commercial jet aircraft which includes a substantially unrecrystallized rolled plate member made from an aluminum alloy consisting essentially of about 3.6 to 4.0 wt. % copper, about 1.0 to 1.6 wt. % magnesium, about 0.3 to 0.7 wt. % manganese, about 0.05 to 0.25 wt. % zirconium, the balance aluminum and incidental elements and impurities. On a preferred basis, the alloy products of this invention include very low levels of both iron and silicon, typically on the order of less than 0.1 wt. % each, and more preferably about 0.05 wt. % or less iron and about 0.03 wt. % or less silicon. This alloy composition may be rolled to form lower wing skin plates and extruded or rolled to form wing box stringers therefrom.

1. Field of the Invention
There are numerous commercial jet aircraft of various sizes including the large "jumbo jet" aircraft, such as the Boeing 747, McDonnell Douglas MD11 and Lockheed L1011. In still larger aircraft, such as the 600 passenger planes envisioned for the future, the loads on wing members needed to hold these aircraft aloft are somewhat heightened. Such large aircraft will carry in the neighborhood of 600 passengers and may include two passenger decks. While a Boeing 747 (one of the largest planes in commercial use) has an empty weight of about 399,000 pounds, it is estimated that future high capacity crafts may weigh as much as 532,000 pounds empty and somewhere around 1,200,000 pounds loaded. As used herein, the term "high capacity aircraft" refers to planes weighing more than 450,000 pounds empty. To heighten the overall efficiency of such aircrafts, it would be important to have materials in the wing structures that can support the load of these airplanes without themselves becoming too heavy. Aluminum alloys have seen wide use in airplane structural members, including airplane wing structural members, and have an enviable record for dependability and performance. More exotic, composite or other materials can be used for airplane wing structural members, but are much more costly and can be somewhat less dependable than aluminum alloys.
2. Technology Review
In general, the structural core of a large airplane wing typically includes a box-like structure made of an upper wing skin, lower wing skin, and end pieces for closing in the ends of this box-like structure. While the upper and lower members are labeled "skin", it is important to appreciate that these are not thin skins such as on the airplane fuselage, but rather thick plate products, for instance one half inch or more. In most of the current commercial jet aircraft, the upper wing skin is made of a 7000 Series alloy, currently a 7X50 alloy (As used herein, "7X50" refers to both 7050 and 7150 aluminum), or the more recently developed aluminum alloy 7055. U.S. Pat. No. 3,881,966 describes 7X50 alloys and U.S. Reissue Pat. No. 34,008 describes the use of 7150 aluminum as upper wing skins on a commercial jet plane. U.S. Pat. No. 5,221,377 describes alloy 7055 and refers to its use in aerospace structural members. Upper wing skins are normally artificially aged to T6-type or possibly T7-type tempers. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,863,528, 4,832,758, 4,477,292, and 5,108,520 each describe 7000 Series aluminum alloy temperings which can be used to improve the performance of such alloys. All the aforesaid patents (U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,881,966, Re. 34,008, 5,221,377, 4,863,528, 4,832,758, 4,477,292 and 5,108,520) are fully incorporated herein by reference.
In commercial jet aircraft, the lower wing skins have generally been made of aluminum alloy 2024, or similar products such as alloy 2324 which is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,294,625. The temper normally applied to these 2000 Series alloys is a T3-type, such as T351 or T39. All temper and alloy designations used herein are generally described in the Aluminum Association Standards and Data book, the pertinent disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.
Both the upper and lower wing skins of these aerospace box-like structures may be reinforced by stringer members having a channel, T- or J-type cross-sectional. Such stringer members are typically riveted to the inner surfaces of a wing skin to stiffen that skin and further stiffen the overall wing box structure. In general, when a commercial jet aircraft is in flight, the upper wing skin of this box is in compression and lower wing skin in tension. An exception occurs when the airplane is on the ground. There, the stresses are reversed but at much lower levels since the wing outboard of a landing gear virtually holds its own weight while on the ground. Thus, the more critical applications exist when an airplane is in flight to place the upper wing skin in compression and lower wing skin in tension.
There have been limited exceptions to the alloy selections for commercial jet planes described above. These include the Lockheed L1011 which used 7075-T76 lower wing skins and stringers and the military KC135 fueler plane which included 7178-T6 lower wing skins and stringers. Another military plane, the C5A, used 7075-T6 lower wing skins that were integrally stiffened by machined out metal. Military fighter planes such as the F4, F5E, F8, F16 and F18 have included lower wing materials of 7075 alloy or related 7475 alloy (F16 and F18). But, generally speaking, wing box structures for commercial jets over the years have included a 7000 Series alloy upper wing skin and lower wing skin made of a 2000 Series alloy, namely, 2024 aluminum or other member of the 2024 family.
The important desired properties for a lower wing skin in high capacity aircraft include higher strength, better fatigue life and improved fracture toughness, especially when compared to today's 2X24 equivalents. Current alloys for lower wing skin members in commercial jet aircraft all lack in the property needs required for tomorrow's high capacity aircraft.

Method for making an aerospace structural member


A communication service accessible on a web that authenticates user credential information of a first user to authorize a request in order to perform a communication with at least a second user; the first user requesting to the communication service to generate a hyperlink that is associated to its address and provides the generated hyperlink to at least a second user; the latter requesting to initiate said requested communication with said first user by directly clicking on said provided hyperlink, wherein the identity of said at least second user is maintained anonymous and the identity of said first user is done based on the information provided on said hyperlink; said communication between said at least second user and said first user being authorized by and a first server.

Web based telephony (WebRTC) is a technology that allows sharing real-time data, audio and video, between browsers. As a set of standards, WebRTC provides to any browser capacity share application data and conducts teleconferences, without the need to install plug-ins or third-parties' Software.
WebRTC components are used through advanced programming interfaces in JavaScript (APIs). Currently, said APIs being streamed through the network, which represents the audio and video data flows, and the API Peer Connection, which allows two or more users performing a browser to browser connection. API Data Channel is also in development, which allows the transmission of other types of data for games in real time, instant messaging, file transfer, and others.
Currently, some application areas in which WebRTC is important is in the creation of toll free numbers (e.g. 1-800- in US), a special telephone number which is free for the calling user, instead the telephone carrier charges the called user for the cost of the call, or in anonymous calling through the web.
In addition, it is also important in the case that a business or a user want to provide a service to other people by allowing the latter to call said business or user just by clicking an hyperlink or button (e.g., from the business web page). However, there is currently no technical solution in WebRTC services (or in Voice over IP (VoIP) services) that allows receiving said call after an authorization for said call has been performed maintaining identity of the called user anonymous.

Computer implemented method and system for an anonymous communication and computer program thereof


The present application includes a system configured to provide transportation services between two different elevations. Individuals may be transported upward or downward within a circular stairway. The system includes a series of fixed stairs coupled to a housing. It also includes a series of corresponding movable stairs coupled to a central shaft. The movable stairs are configured to move in relation to the central shaft and are operable to provide transportation between two fixed stairs. An individual is lifted and translated between the fixed stairs as the movable stairs transition between a plurality of positions.

1. Field of the Invention
The present application relates generally to an elevating device and, more particularly, to a helical escalator system to transport an individual between floors.
2. Description of Related Art
Stairs are the most common means for enabling an individual to climb to (or descend from) different levels in a residential, commercial, or other buildings. Stairs require effort to navigate and may even be unusable by some individuals. Advancements have been made to develop moveable stairs (i.e. escalators) and elevators. Elevators are costly and can take up a considerable amount of space. Additionally they have the disadvantage of being in operable in selected types of emergencies.
Escalators are useful to overcome the disadvantage of elevators during emergencies but also allow for most individuals to navigate and use it. The idea is to provide a series of steps that run in a linear path up and down between to different elevated levels. Such systems create a loop in that as stairs reach one end, they are sent to the other end and start the ascent or descent again. A disadvantage of traditional escalators is that they require considerable room to install. Linear space limitations make the use of an escalator less desirable.
Circular stairways have been developed to provide a more compact system however difficulties remain. Typical systems operate like traditional escalators in that a single a single stair is rotated around the length of the escalator in an ascending or descending fashion. Such systems also tend to require a loop for the stairs to run through. Some systems use tracks placed along the inside or outside of each step to permit the stair to roll up and down along its length. The need for the looping of each stair to return each stair to either end is a great limitation to circular stairways, and escalators in general.
Although great strides have been made, considerable shortcomings remain. A new type of escalator stairway system is needed to permit a non-looping escalator system that transports individuals between different elevations in a circular fashion.
While the assembly and method of the present application is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the application to the particular embodiment disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the process of the present application as defined by the appended claims.


On the basis of localization control data, a sound image localization controlling circuit reproduces input audio signals via a plurality of speakers after having applied predetermined delay-involving signal processing to the audio signals, to thereby perform sound image localization processing to localize sound images of direct sounds in a desired range including an area outside a space surrounded by the speakers. The audio signals are also supplied to a sound field controlling circuit after having been delayed by a predetermined time. The sound field controlling circuit performs operations to convolute the audio signals with reflected sound parameters so as to generate reflected sounds. The output signals of the sound image localization controlling circuit and sound field controlling circuit are fed to adders each adding together the signals of same channel. The resultant added signals are then sent to the speakers in a listening room for audible reproduction.

The present invention relates generally to a system for reproducing input audio signals via a plurality of speakers after having applied predetermined delay-involving signal processing to the audio signals, to thereby localize sound images of direct sounds in a desired range including areas outside a space surrounded by the speakers. More particularly, the present invention relates to a technique to, while realizing a good sound image localization effect, achieve a spatial impression and a feeling of depth as if sound images were in a real sound field space.
The sound image localization techniques are generally intended for freely controlling sound images to be localized beyond the positional restrictions of speakers, and one such technique is known which is based on cancellation of the so-called "cross talks" between the two ears of a listener (inter-ear cross talk cancellation method, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,118,599 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,384,851) as will be described below.
According to the conventional stereophonic reproduction, as shown in FIG. 2, sound images are localized in a sectorial plane extending from speakers 10 and 12 away for a listener 14 within an included angle .alpha. (i.e., the range denoted by hatching in the figure). The reason why the sound image localization is limited to the range within the included angle .alpha. is the presence of interear cross talk components. Namely, as shown in FIG. 3, the sound output from the right speaker 12 reaches the right ear of the listener 14 and also reaches the listener's left ear slightly later than the right ear. In this case, the part or component of the right-speaker sound reaching the left ear is called the inter-ear cross talk. Similarly, the sound output from the left speaker 10 has a cross talk component reaching the listener's right ear.
In the example of FIG. 3, it is possible to cancel the cross talk component and localize the sound image outside the right speaker 12, by outputting via the left speaker 10 a reverse-phase signal at appropriate timing to cancel out the sound reaching the left ear from the right speaker 12, as shown in FIG. 4. Complete cancellation of the cross talk component permits a sound image to be localized just on the right-hand side of the listener 14 as depicted at R'. If the listener 14 is in the middle between the speakers 10 and 12, the distances between the ears and speakers 10, 12 equal, and time delay of the cross talks with respect to the main sounds, at the most, falls within a time corresponding to the inter-ear distance. Thus, assuming that the listener's inter-ear distance is 20 cm, the cross talk time delay will be about 0.6 ms. This means that the cross talks can be cancelled out by generating reverse-phase cancelling signals 0.6 ms later than the original or main signals.
Various other sound localization techniques than the above-mentioned are also known, such as one simulating a transfer function between ears of a listener and left and right loudspeakers and (disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,046,097 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,105,462), and another simulating an auditory frequency sensitivity in a vertical direction so as to localize a sound image in a position above a speaker.
Although the known sound image localization control can localize a sound image of a direct sound outside a space surrounded by a plurality of speakers, spatially reflected sounds of the localized sounds can not be produced by such control alone, so that the localized sounds would unavoidably present some unnaturalness as if only one sound were in a non-acoustic room and a feeling of a sound field could never be obtained in the past. Theoretically, it may be possible to impart the sound field effect by providing a multiplicity of sound image localization control systems to localize reflected sound images in different positions to thereby produce multiple spatially reflected sounds around the listener. But, this approach requires an increased size and cost of the device employed and never allows a multiplicity of like sounds to be aurally differentiated from one another, thus making it unrealistic to attain the effect of causing the listener to feel spatially reflected sounds through processes based on the above-mentioned principle. This is because any cross talk signals must be completely removed in order to achieve cancellation of the inter-ear cross talks for a sound image localization effect. Namely, there arises no problem with signals to be used for localization of a single sound source. Also, a good localization effect can be obtained even with signals to be used for two or more sound sources as long as they are sufficiently different in nature, because these signals are so independent of each other to cause no significant interferences therebetween. However, where sound images of a plurality of signals of similar nature are to be localized simultaneously, respective cross talk signals would inevitably resemble each other to bring about unwanted interferences therebetween, thus increasing the possibility of impairing the cross talk cancellation effect. Further, where a plurality of spatially reflected sounds originating from a given sound source are to be localized one by one on the principle of the above-mentioned sound image localization processing, the reflected sounds tend to be generally similar in nature since they are from the same original sound. By contrast, cancelling signals responsive to subtle differences in time and direction are highly correlated to each other so that they cause interferences therebetween which impair the cross talk cancellation effect.

Sound image and sound field controlling device


Systems, devices, and methods are provided that allow detection of episodes in analyte measurement, prompting a patient to self-report possible causes for the episodes. Correlation of possible causes with detected episodes assists patient behavior modification to reduce the occurrence of episodes.

A number of systems have been developed for the automatic monitoring of analytes, like glucose, in bodily fluid such as in blood, in interstitial fluid (ISF), dermal fluid of the dermal layer, or in other biological fluid.
These systems can provide a determination of analyte levels, or readings, over time to a health care provider (HCP), a diabetic patient, and/or a caregiver. Knowing the current analyte level and how it may change over time can be useful in determining a course of action for mitigating potentially significant variations in the analyte level, referred to as excursions. However, an understanding of what causes, symptoms, and/or treatments impact the occurrence of excursions would be beneficial in reducing their frequency and severity.
For example, a reduction in the frequency and/or severity of excursions can lessen analyte level variability, and thus is beneficial to the diabetic patient. Diabetics with relatively high analyte variability may find it difficult to treat high analyte level excursions by the administration of a medication, such as insulin, to lower their analyte level, since doing so can increase the risk of low level excursions, due to the large analyte level swings that define high variability. Conversely, treatment of low level excursions through the consumption of food or carbohydrates, to raise the diabetic's analyte level can accompany an increased risk of high level excursions resulting from the subsequent raised analyte level and high variability. The reduction of the frequency and/or severity of excursions can be an important prerequisite to a reduction in variability.
A number of metrics are available to HCPs and patients to characterize or describe the variation of analyte levels (e.g., averages, medians, percentile variations, variability metrics, risk metrics, rates of change, etc.). Analyte monitoring devices and systems are capable of generating a vast amount of data that can overwhelm and confuse users to the point that little or no insight can be gained as to the reasons driving the occurrence of excursions or high variability. Additionally, recording information that may be beneficial to understanding causation can be burdensome, since it is unclear to the patient what information should be recorded.
One of the primary challenges in the investigation of causes of excursions and variability is the disassociation between the analyte level monitoring mechanism, responsible for gathering the data that is the foundation of the analysis, and the relevant conditions leading up to the occurrence of the excursions or in those times contributing most heavily to variability. Investigation into those activities is typically performed by a question and answer session between the diabetic and the HCP, which may occur days or weeks after the fact. Such sessions are disadvantageous because the diabetics often cannot remember the actions and conditions leading up to the excursion, or those actions and conditions are unknown because the diabetic was not aware of the need to track those conditions, e.g., by investigating the dose of recent administrations of medication, the carbohydrate content of recently consumed foods, the duration of recent exercise, activity, or sleep, and the like. Further, when questioned directly by an HCP, diabetics can feel obligated to supply answers that make the diabetic appear to be leading a healthier lifestyle than may, in fact, be true.
For these and other reasons, needs for improved variability and excursion monitoring, investigation, and evaluation exist.

Systems, devices, and methods for episode detection and evaluation


An automated animal-training system is provided, which includes an enclosure device for the animal, an arrangement for adjustably fixing the location of the animal within the enclosure device, and an actuation mechanism for moving the automated animal-training system. In order to simulate real racing situations for the animals, the arrangement for adjustably fixing the location of the animal within the enclosure device is controlled by one or more motors movable on sliding rails. Furthermore, a mechanism is provided for suspending the animal in the training device in case the animal trips.

Among the features affecting the performances of racehorses, camels and similar animals throughout their active life are taken into consideration, it is scientifically accepted that origin, nutrition, caring, training factors have importance with respect to other factors. The origin of animals is a distinctive feature, since it is determined by nature.
Unlike the origin feature, the other of the above-mentioned factors can be exploited by various methods, programs and devices enabling exclusive manner of approach to the animals.
Published international application WO 01/97606 disclosing complete automatic system-based training system for animals, especially those participating in races, describes a training device, the lateral and rear sides of which are surrounded by a flexible material and the front side of which is covered by a locking mechanism, and a tractor is placed in front or rear side of the training device.
In this previous application WO 01/97606, it has been stated that the training device is guided by wheels embodied on the lateral sides of the device in such a way that the wheels are disposed in rails and the device is moved accordingly, or alternatively, the device is guided by some means attached to a line which is located on upper side of the device.
In addition to these features, the previous application WO 01/97606 discloses orientation pattern of the training devices, namely these devices can be employed individually around racecourses, or alternatively these devices can be employed as a group.
The previous application WO 01/97606 presents a unique approach to complete automatic-based animal training system and brings about many advantages. The present animal training processes are based on human intervention, in other words animal training programs involve human-controlled manner. This human-controlled training approach leads the animals to become physically disabled during the training process. The annual rate of the horses becoming disabled is so huge that approximately 90% colts which would potentially become racehorse never become racehorses.
The reason behind the high injury rate of the race animals is mainly due to lack of harmony between the trainer and the animal. During the training the animal is forced to behave in the manner that trainers demand, and this lack of harmony leads to the animal being physically disabled.
Furthermore, taking into consideration human intervention for the training of animals participating in long-distance races, particularly those encountered in Arabic countries, many disadvantages are confronted. This is indeed the case when long-distance and accordingly long-term races are of concern, and animal injury problem arises since the eccentrical position of the rider on the animal leads to the loss of animal stability during the training or race time.
Although some other training facilities are known from the state of the art, e.g., published U.S. Pat. No. 4,266,508 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,619,222, none of these patents suggests a complete automatic training system for facilitating concrete simulation with respect to the racing conditions.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,266,508 discloses a frame in which animals are introduced. This frame is pulled by a tractor means (self-powered vehicle) only from the front side of the frame and wheels are placed at the rear side of the frame.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,266,508 is the first proposal serving an animal surrounded training device and bears some significant advantages. Nevertheless, pulling the frame from only the front side by a vehicle, which is non-integrated to the frame, presents considerable disadvantages. One disadvantage results from the placement of the vehicle in the front side of the frame, since animals become easily frightened by the existence of such a vehicle in front of running direction of the animals. This would lead to insufficient training practice of the animals accordingly. Besides, since the tractor means (vehicle) is not connected to the frame directly, in other words the wheels are connected to the frame by virtue of supplementary axles, changing the direction of the frame would be delayed due to inaccurate direction control mechanism. These direction-changing delays would again lead to insufficient training practice of the animals.
As for U.S. Pat. No. 4,619,222, this patent discloses mobile means connected from one end to the head of the animal and from other end to some guiding means by virtue of wheels. As it is seen from U.S. Pat. No. 4,619,222, neither confining means surrounding the animal to be trained nor tractor means are employed in this system. In other words, in case of irritation, it is obvious that the animal can hurt itself due to lack of confining means.
Other animal training facilities are those so-called manege, running bands or tracks. These facilities are actually utilized for tempering animals, particularly horses, and including abstract embodiments i.e. real race conditions are not met due to lack of concrete simulators in these facilities.
In addition to training process for animals, the previous application WO 01/97606 has also suggested monitoring means for evaluating physiological characteristics in real-time performance of the animals being trained. Data acquired from these monitoring means are evaluated in a unit connected to the training device.
With the suggested technical features, the previous application WO 01/97606 aimed to minimize human intervention in animal training processes.
However, the features suggested in the previous application WO 01/97606 have some deficiencies, and the instant invention is provided for overcoming these deficiencies.
For example, in the previous application WO 01/97606 the locking mechanism placed front side of the training device serves to confine the horse in the device, however at the same time the locking mechanism falls outside of the view angle of the horse. This deficiency leads the horse to lift its head upwards and lower its head downwards simultaneously during training, consequently decreasing performance of the animal.
Another deficiency experienced during training is referred to constructional disadvantage of the training device. During training, the horse may become nervous and kick the lateral sides of the device or the legs may go outside of the device. As a result the horse may hurt its legs.
Another deficiency as to the training device in the previous application WO 01/97606 is the lack of simulation means with respect to racing conditions. Namely, the deficiency is the lack of mass of the jockey or the trainer during training as encountered in real case.
Another deficiency is associated with the securing means for the animals being trained. Basically, disabling of the horse in the device would not be prevented when an external effect takes place. For example, there is no mechanical component securing the animal in case of tottering or falling down during training.
In the previous application WO 01/97606, "guiding" of the device by means of wheels from lateral sides thereof, and also "guiding" the device from the upper side thereof through the racecourse, may lead to notion that the actuation means of the devices are limited. In the event of individual or multiple utilization of the training devices, it is obvious that some alternative actuation means are strictly required.
Another important deficiency of the previous application WO 01/97606 is lack of a pre-training facilities. This is significant, since most of the time the animal which will be subjected to an automatic-based training program by employing a device covered by confinement means will resist this program.
Furthermore, the prior art fails to disclose an embodiment rendering a smooth running ground for the animals. This aspect should be taken into consideration since the ground of racecourse is generally coated by sand.
In the previous application WO 01/97606 it has been disclosed many embodiments for achieving complete automatic animal training facility. However, since in real-time races the animals are managed by a human, simulation means have been lacking in the previous application WO 01/97606. Simulation means must be provided in the automatic training facility for a smooth transition between the training program and real-time racing conditions. Particularly, in the previous application WO 01/97606, lack of rider's commands to the animal does not reflect the real-time racing conditions.
In real-time racing conditions, bit and bridle should be simultaneously employed by the rider for enabling a complete control of the animal so that the race is won by the animal. Capability of controlling the animal is one of the determining aspects for achieving the best results.
Another feature that should be controlled during racing is the saddle, indeed the failure of the rider to sit properly on the animal during race would disturb the animal and present an obstacle for winning the race.
Furthermore, another deficiency that has not been disclosed by the previous application WO 01/97606 is the inability to simulate displacement of the lateral coverages. This deficiency would cause the inability of adjusting the position of the animal in the training device and result in the incapacity of the animal for the real-time adaptation.
The object of the present invention is to provide a pre-training facility for orientation of racehorses or similar animals being trained by an automatic training system.
Another object of the present application is to provide alternative means for moving automatic training devices.
Further object of the present application is to provide training stabilization of racehorses or similar animals during training and to provide simulation means with respect to real-time racing conditions.
Another object of the present application is to provide monitoring of performances of the animals by real-time evaluation of bio-mechanical and physiological features of the animals.
Yet another object of the present application is to provide a complete adaptation of the animal to the racing conditions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an integrated animal training device, particularly integration of coverages surrounding the animal with tractor means.

Automatic system-based animal training device


A light-emitting device can prevent light from leaking through an unwanted area (or an unintended area) and can improve color unevenness and brightness unevenness. A method of producing such a light-emitting device, can include: disposing a plurality of light-emitting elements on a surface of a supporting substrate; forming a reflecting layer on the respective light-emitting elements along peripheries of the light-emitting elements facing an area between the light-emitting elements; forming a wavelength conversion layer so as to embed the plurality of light-emitting elements therein on the supporting substrate; and irradiating the wavelength conversion layer with laser beams to remove the wavelength conversion layer disposed at the area between the light-emitting elements.

Light-emitting devices incorporating an LED element have conventionally been utilized in the field of illumination, backlighting, industrial devices, etc. One example of such light-emitting devices can be a light-emitting device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-165827, in which a plurality of LED elements are arranged on a supporting substrate and a phosphor resin layer is formed to cover the LED elements and fill in the area between the LED elements. This configuration can allow the light-emitting device to emit white light.
When a plurality of light-emitting elements are arranged on a single supporting substrate like the light-emitting device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-165827 for light emission, the light can be propagated through the phosphor resin layer disposed between the light-emitting elements. Due to this, a problem may arise in which light may leak from areas that should not serve as an area for light emission.

Light-emitting device and method of producing the same


The methods disclosed herein are of use for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. In particular, the methods provide for the targeting of a transcription altering agent to a specific target site of a viral genome in order to inactivate the virus. In addition, the methods provide for a triplex-forming oligonucleotide capable of interacting with a target site in a viral genome in order to alter transcription. The methods of the present invention may be used against viral pathogens or agents of bioterrorism.

Latent viruses pose a serious health problem because they continually re-infect their host. It is believed they do this via transcription of latency-associated transcripts (LATs), which produce RNAs that are not translated into proteins to lessen the chance of detection and/or elimination by the host immune system.
In humans, they include all of the herpes viruses, such as HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, CMV, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and HHV-8, for example. Other latent viruses include the human polyoma viruses (JC and BK viruses), adenoviruses and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). These viruses are associated with a number of clinical conditions including recurrent herpes labialis, such as cold sores or HSV-1; genital herpes, such as HSV-2; various types of cancer, such as EBV or HHV-8; multi-organ or systemic infections, such as CMV; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, such as the JC virus and AIDS, for example.
One such latent virus is HSV-1, which causes herpes keratitis. HSV-1 infection of the corneal surface is perhaps the most serious of all HSV-induced diseases. This ophthalmologic disease is difficult to treat, recurs unexpectedly, and often leads to corneal scarring and blindness. There are approximately 20,000 new cases of herpes keratitis annually in the U.S. and 28,000 recurrent cases, leading to 6000 corneal transplants. It is a recurrent disease where HSV-1 reactivation in the ganglion leads to repeated infections in the cornea with subsequent scarring and opacity. Daily prophylactic acyclovir—an effective strategy for prevention of genital HSV-2 recurrences—is much less effective against HSV-1 ocular recurrences. A quantum leap in the ability to prevent ocular HSV-1 recurrences is greatly needed for these patients.
Another example of a latent virus is human papillomavirus (HPV) that is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the world. Approximately 5.5 million new cases of sexually transmitted HPV are reported each year and it is estimated that at least 20 million Americans are already infected. More than 100 different types of HPV have been identified and approximately 30 of these are spread by sexual contact. Many types of HPV can cause cervical or genital cancer.
HPV can cause genital warts that often disappear without treatment but they almost always reoccur. Several treatment options exist but they are uncomfortable, expensive and a temporary measure. Creams, such as Imiquimod, podophyllin anti-mitotic solutions, podofilox solutions, fluorouracil cream or trichloroacetic acid may be applied to the lesions themselves. Other treatment options include cryosurgery, electrocautery, laser treatment or surgery. Additionally, the antiviral drug alpha interferon may be injected directly into genital warts but this therapy is extremely expensive and does not offer a reduced re-infection rate over other treatment options.
There are currently no permanent methods of disabling a latent viral infection. Current therapies merely stop replication of a few viruses but do not affect latent viruses themselves, thus allowing for recurrent viral infection. A direct method of permanently curing latent viral infections is greatly needed.

Oligonucleotide complexes for use as anti-viral therapeutics


A cylindrical drum is rotatable about a drum axis for supporting a print medium during printing. A print head has a plurality of printing elements for printing image elements of a predetermined color at a predetermined image-element printing rate. The drum is rotated about the drum axis at a predetermined speed such that alternate image-element locations are addressed by each printing element during each rotation of the drum at the predetermined printing rate. The drum rotates two revolutions at each print-head location along the axis, and all image-element locations are addressed.

There are many forms of printers for printing a dot-matrix image on a print medium, which most typically is a sheet of paper or transparent film. Two of these involve the use of a rotating drum that supports the print medium. A print head is moved along the surface of the drum parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum. As used herein, the term "X-axis motion" refers to movement of the print head in a direction parallel to the drum's axis of rotation, which conventionally is horizontal. "Y-axis motion" refers to movement in the direction of rotation of the drum, and thus corresponds to movement of the print head around the circumference of the drum.
In both of these forms of printers, the print head advances in one direction slowly, usually in increments, while scanning rapidly in the other direction. As used herein, "direction" refers to motion in either direction along a line. The direction in which the print head advances slowly is referred to herein as the advance direction. The direction in which the print head scans rapidly is referred to as the scan direction. Scanning takes place typically by either reciprocating (shuttling) the print head in X-axis motion, or by rotating the drum rapidly resulting in relative print head Y-axis motion.
The preferred method and embodiment for practicing the present invention is particularly directed to a hot-melt ink jet printer wherein a print head advances in increments in X-axis motion which is therefore the advance direction, while a sheet of paper or film is held against a rotating drum. Images are formed by selectively and serially depositing ink drops of primary or base colors at uniformly spaced address locations to form a dot-matrix image. The present invention however is also applicable to any printing process wherein a print head travels along the scan axis relative to a print medium to form a desired final graphic or textual image formed of spaced dots or image elements.
An example of a printer with a reciprocating print head is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,864,328 issued to Fischbeck. That printer advances the print medium at one speed for low-quality printing and at a lower speed for high-quality printing. Since adjacent, pixels are printed in both the advance and scan directions, ink drops are deposited at a maximum rate, but no interlacing of the ink drops is achieved.
Print heads are also known that contain an array of nozzles that are spaced and of a predetermined number to provide interlaced printing with each image element being addressed once by only one nozzle. Such a technique for a single color is described by Paranjpe et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,112,469. In column 7 of that patent, a formula is provided for determining the spacing and number of nozzles that may be used to provide interlaced printing in the advance direction. Variations in the layout of nozzle arrays that achieve such interlaced printing are also illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 4,232,324 issued to Tsao.
In each of such printing devices, the interlacing is in the advance direction only, with image rows or columns being printed successively. This means that every printed pixel or image-element location aligned with a print orifice during a scan must have an ink drop deposited on it during that scan. Adjacent pixels are therefore printed at close to the same time. For some inks, such as aqueous and hot-melt inks, there is a mixing of the adjacent ink drops. Mixing of aqueous inks does not result in a different appearance, particularly if they are the same color.
However, if dots of hot-melt ink that have not solidified are deposited adjacent to or on top of one another, they mix. When they mix, the resultant color is different than it is if the first dot solidifies before the second dot is deposited. Part of the reason for this is that the hot-melt ink has a surface texture that is different when the adjacent ink drops mix, resulting in a different optical appearance.
One printing pattern that avoids printing adjacent pixels during a single scan is the color ink jet printer sold under the proprietary name PaintJet XL by Hewlett Packard. This printer prints a checkerboard pattern on each pass of the print head over a print medium, by printing only alternate pixel locations in both directions. The print medium is then shifted and a checkerboard pattern offset from the previous pattern is printed so that all pixel locations in the overlapped region are addressed in two passes.
If this technique is applied to hot-melt ink printers, the mixing between dots is substantially avoided. However, this and other conventional printers use the individual printing elements or nozzles at less than their maximum efficiency. The Hewlett Packard system requires two sets of nozzles to fully address all the pixel locations. One set prints while the carriage scans in a positive direction, and the other set prints while it moves in the negative direction. Such interlaced printing provides a high quality image but results in substantial underutilization of the print head compared to what continuous printing by the same number of nozzles could theoretically provide.

Method and apparatus for high-speed interlaced printing in the direction of print head scanning


Satellite solar generator wing including solar panels having at least two fixed solar panels and at least one semi-fixed solar panel. The solar panels are connected to one another in order to assume an operating position and a transport position, and, in the transport position, the solar panels are retained on top of one another and the semi-fixed solar panel is arranged in a freely oscillating manner between the two fixed solar panels.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a satellite solar generator wing and a satellite having at least one satellite solar generator wing.
2. Discussion of Background Information
Ever greater performance demands are being placed on satellites, which demands have the consequence that the output of a satellite solar generator wing must increase. Aside from new, energy-efficient solar cells, which are mounted on the individual solar panels of a satellite solar generator wing, the increased outputs can only be achieved in that the active area of the satellite solar generator wing, that is, the area covered by solar cells, is increased. For this purpose, the individual solar panels must become larger, or the number thereof must increase. However, the solar panel size is limited due to the size of the satellite. Regardless of this, it must be taken into consideration that the mass of a satellite solar generator wing increases as the active surface is enlarged. Accordingly, the mass that needs to be transported into space by a carrier rocket also increases, which causes high costs.
The aim is therefore to develop new satellite solar generator wings which have an improved power-to-weight ratio, that is, a high output with relatively low weight. For this purpose, satellite solar generator wings are known from the prior art which comprise both fixed and also semi-fixed solar panels, which are lighter than conventional fixed solar panels that are constructed from a honeycomb structure. Satellite solar generator wings of this type are also referred to as hybrid solar generators and are known from EP 0 754 625 A1, for example. The hybrid solar generators are folded into their transport position in a conventional manner, in which position they bear against a satellite wall in the folded state. By means of a retainer system, the satellite solar generator wing is held in this transport position in a securing manner, wherein the system is coupled to each of the solar panels, in order to fix the individual solar panels in their respective position. In this manner, the oscillation amplitudes of the solar panels occurring during the launch phase of the carrier rocket are to be minimized.

Satellite solar generator wing and satellite


The present invention provides a camera module, a molding photosensitive assembly thereof, a manufacturing method, and an electronic device, the molding photosensitive assembly comprises a lens, a photosensitive element, a circuit board, a molding base, and a supporting element, the photosensitive element being arranged on the circuit board, the molding base being formed into an integral structure with the lens, the supporting element, the photosensitive element, and the circuit board by means of a molding process, and the camera module and the molding photosensitive assembly thereof being capable of reducing stain sensitivity and shortening the distance of the lens plane above a light through hole of the lens to the photosensitive plane of the photosensitive element.

In recent years, camera modules for acquiring images have become more and more commonly used in applications such as personal electronic products, automotive fields, medical fields, etc. For example, camera modules have become standard accessory for portable electronic devices such as smart phones and tablet computers. The camera module used in the portable electronic devices not only acquires images, but also enables the portable electronic devices to implement functions such as instant video calls. With a trend of increasingly thinner and lighter portable electronic devices and higher imaging quality requirements of the camera modules, more stringent requirements are imposed on overall size of the camera module and imaging capabilities of the camera module. That is, development trend of the portable electronic devices requires the camera module to further improve and enhance the imaging capability on the basis of reducing the size.
It is well known that improvement of the imaging capability of the camera module is based on configuration of a photosensitive element with a larger imaging area and more passive electronic components such as driving resistors and capacitors for the camera module, because the camera module needs to be configured with photosensitive element with a larger imaging area and more passive electronic components, the camera module is required to reduce the size of the camera module only by improving packaging process. A commonly used camera module packaging process is a COB (Chip On Board) packaging process, that is, a circuit board, a photosensitive element, a bracket, or the like of the camera module are respectively fabricated, and then passive electronic components, photosensitive elements, and brackets are sequentially mounted on the circuit board, in order to ensure the imaging quality of the camera module, it is necessary to fill glue between each two components, for example, fill glue between the bracket and the circuit board to mount the bracket on the circuit board, and the leveling of the bracket and the circuit board is achieved by the glue. Therefore, the size of the camera module cannot be effectively reduced by the COB packaging process, and packaging efficiency of the camera module is relatively low.

Camera module, molding photosensitive assembly thereof, manufacturing method and electronic device


A microwave oven liner 11 is an injection moulding having a roof 12, a floor 14, a back 15 and two sides 16. The moulding is of food grade polypropylene, such that the liner can be washed in a commercial dishwasher. The liner is sized to be a sliding fit in a microwave oven. The roof is shorter 17 at the front than the floor to allow air circulation. Further, the roof is apertured, also for air circulation, with a series of small c. 4 mm bores 18 registering with the roof aperture 8. A lip 19 is provided across the front of the floor to retain split liquid. The external corners 20 are chamfered to clear the silicone seal 9 for instance. The floor has regularly pitched, 2 mm high ridges 21 running front to back. The ridges allow circulation of air beneath a container of food being heated in the oven having the liner.

In commercial microwave ovens, which are most heavily used than domestic microwaves ovens, spits of food can become deposited around the oven, particularly on the inside walls of the oven. Unless these deposits are scrupulously cleaned off at the end of the day, they can build up to the extent that they desiccate and cause arcing and/or other damage. Subsequent repairs can be expensive.
Lightweight, disposable oven liners have been proposed. However, such a liner is of little practical use in a heavily used commercial oven.


A steel composition, a reinforcement part of a vehicle using the steel composition and a method of manufacturing the reinforcement part using the steel composition are provided. In particular, the steel composition includes increased content of carbon components and the steel composition is processed by rapid heating and immediate quenching.

Reinforcement parts in a vehicle are generally designed to absorb impacts from collision, and boron-hardenable steel (hereinafter "boron steel" or "steel") gaining high level of tensile strength (e.g., about 1400-1600 MPa) through quenching heat treatment has been used in the reinforcement parts such as door beams in the vehicle.
The boron steel in as-quenched condition, however, exhibits relatively low ductility and may be susceptible to brittle fracture under external impact, loading or collision, which may further cause catastrophic failure of the parts. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a door beam positioned inside of a front door and a rear door of a vehicle may buckle upon impact from a collision causing energy absorption efficiency thereof to diminish, which may further result in pointed loading toward occupant cage rather than evenly distributed bending.
Accordingly, improvement in the boron steel for the vehicle reinforcement part has been demanded in the related fields. For example, a carbon content may be adjusted to improve strength, hardness or toughness, and higher carbon content therein may reduce the amount of the steel for required hardness or strength, thereby reducing a total weight of the reinforcement part. However, energy absorption and ductility of the part typically decrease with increased carbon content and the boron steel composition of those reinforcement parts may include limited content of carbon, for example, less than about 0.23 wt % in the total composition. Accordingly, a novel steel composition and method of manufacturing the reinforcement part using the steel have been demanded to improve toughness and energy absorption and to reduce fracturing properties from the boron steel.
The foregoing is intended merely to aid in the understanding of the background of the present invention, and is not intended to mean that the present invention falls within the purview of the related art that is already known to those skilled in the art.

Lightweight door beam, composition thereof and method of manufacturing the same


A mouthpiece for a rebreather has a tubular housing having opposed inhale and exhale ends, a mouth port, and a discharge port. Supported for movement within a bore of the housing is a valve assembly which is magnetically biased toward a valve-closed position preventing air in an air space of the bore from moving to the exhale end and the discharge port. As a diver exhales into the mouth port, the increase in air pressure of the air space causes the valve assembly to assume a valve-open position, exposing a transverse channel extending between the air space and the discharge port, and a recirculation air channel extending between the air space and the exhale end. A portion of the exhaled air is exhausted to the ambient environment through the discharge port, while the remainder exits the mouthpiece at the exhale end for recirculation through the rebreather.

Scuba diving breathing systems include open-circuit and rebreather systems. In open-circuit systems, all of the diver's exhaled air is exhausted to the ambient environment (e.g. typically, into the surrounding water). In rebreather systems, at least a portion of the diver's exhaled air is recaptured and is recycled through a breathing loop which typically includes an expandable/contractible counterlung and a carbon dioxide scrubber. Rebreather systems include one or more gas supplies, containing gas such as pure oxygen, a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen and/or helium (e.g. trimix or nitrox) and/or the like. Gas from the one or more gas supplies is injected into the breathing loop to replenish the air consumed and/or exhaled by the diver.
Rebreather systems may be provided as closed-circuit or semi-closed circuit systems. In closed-circuit systems, all of the diver's exhaled air is recaptured and recycled through the breathing loop. Closed-circuit systems typically supply a combination of pure oxygen and a diluent gas (e.g. air or trimix) to the breathing loop, and include oxygen monitoring systems to monitor and adjust oxygen levels to guard against oxygen toxicity. In semi-closed circuit systems, a portion of the diver's exhaled air is exhausted from the rebreather loop to the ambient environment (typically from a port in the breathing loop located on the diver's back) and the remainder is recaptured and recycled through the breathing loop. Semi-closed circuit systems typically supply gas mixtures (e.g. nitrox) to the breathing loop and do not require oxygen monitoring systems. Semi-closed circuit systems tend to involve fewer components and are generally lighter, more compact, and easier and safer to use and maintain than closed-circuit systems.
In rebreather systems, a diver exhales and inhales through a mouthpiece which directs an incoming supply of air from the breathing loop to the diver's mouth, and directs outgoing or exhaled air from the diver's mouth toward the breathing loop for recirculation through the breathing loop. In semi-closed circuit rebreather systems, a portion of the exhaled air is discharged or exhausted to the ambient environment, typically at an outlet in the breathing loop and away from the mouthpiece.
There is a need for a mouthpiece which may be used with semi-closed circuit rebreather systems. There is a need for a mouthpiece which exhausts a portion of the exhaled air to the ambient environment while directing the remainder of the exhaled air to the breathing loop.


A network device may operate to increase application performance over a wide area network. In one particular implementation, the network device may monitor accesses to a disk drive from entities and determine whether an entity is accessing the disk drive in a manner that causes a disproportionate amount of performance degradation. If so, the network device may throttle access to the disk drive for the entity.

A. Field of the Invention
Concepts described herein relate generally to data caching, and more particularly, to optimizing disk accesses in a wide area network optimization device.
B. Description of Related Art
Geographically distributed entities, such as a business with multiple local offices in different locations, frequently desire to maintain a logically unified proprietary network that is accessible by all of the geographically distributed entities. To accomplish this, a wide area network (WAN) may be used to link the different locations.
Information technology (IT) managers within geographically distributed entities face the conflicting requirements of keeping costs in check while providing users with new and faster applications. This conflict is most acute on the WAN, where costs can be high and getting applications to perform well is hampered by limited bandwidth and high latency.
Solutions are known to help improve performance over the WAN portion of a network. These solutions may be based on a number of technologies, including data compression, data prefetching and caching, application-specific acceleration, and policy-based bandwidth allocation.
Data caching and compression, in particular, can be used to reduce the perceived latency (response time) of data being accessed over a WAN. Compression and caching techniques may be disk-based, as opposed to semiconductor memory based, due to the orders-of-magnitude larger storage capacity of typical hard disk drives. One known problem with disk-based techniques is that a disk access can be relatively slow, particularly if the disk access requires seeking the disk head to the correct location on the disk platter. Therefore, a data caching or compression technique that encounters a lot of "seeky" disk access sequences (i.e., when the compression patterns or cached objects are dispersed over the disk platter) may spend a relatively large amount of time seeking the disk head to the relevant data instead of reading it.

Dynamic disk throttling in a wide area network optimization device