A driving system for a washing machine having a washing shaft connected with an agitator in the center of a washing tub to stir laundry in washing mode, and an extracting shaft positioned outside the washing shaft and connected with an extracting tub which rotates at high speeds in extracting mode, further includes a power generator for generating power to rotate the washing shaft and the extracting shaft, a decelerator installed under the power generator to reduce the number of rotation transmitted from the power generator, and a power-switching device for de-energizing the extracting shaft in washing mode and for energizing the extracting shaft in extracting mode.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a driving system for a washing machine. More particularly, it relates to a driving system for a washing machine having a decelerating device mounted under a motor for reducing the rotation speed of the motor so as to decrease the bulk and weight of the washing machine whereby the washing task can be converted into the extracting task and vice versa by means of a single lever.
2. Discussion of Related Art
The conventional art will be described with reference to the attached drawings.
A conventional washing machine, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a housing 1, a washing tub 2 held in the housing 1, a driving means 3 installed below the washing tub 2, and a power transmission means 5 connected with the driving means 3 via a driving belt 4 to be driven by the driving means 3.
An extracting tub 6 is installed in the washing tub 2 and positioned in front of the power transmission means 5 to spin by the transmitted power. An agitator 7 is installed on the bottom of the extracting tub 6 so as to agitate and wash garments by applying physical force thereto, simultaneously with rotating right and left on receipt of power from the power transmission means 5, to make the water turbulent.
A water supply means 8 is installed in the extracting tub 6 at the rear of the housing 1 to furnish water to the extracting tub 6, and a drain means 9 is installed under one end of the extracting tub 6 to discharge the water to the outside. Under the water-supply means 8, is installed a detergent dissolving means 10 to dissolve a detergent with the water from the water supply means 8 and provide it to the washing tub 2 and the extracting tub 6.
As shown in FIG. 2, the agitator 7 includes a pulsator 7a which is coupled with the power transmission means 5 to rotate reversibly right and left on the bottom of the extracting tub 6 for making water turbulent, thus stirring and washing the laundry; a vertical fan 7b which is integrally attached to the middle of the pulsator 7a for rotating with the pulsator 7a making a right-and-left reversion and for forming water current jetting upward in order to prevent the laundry from being twisted and tangled; and a plurality of wings 7d which are formed to protrude radially around a shaft 7c of the pulsator 7a, spaced a given distance away from each other.
The power transmission means 5 includes a pulley 11 operating together via the driving belt 4 by the driving power of the driving means 3; a driving shaft 12 rotatably coupled with the pulley 11; a coupling 13 engaged with the driving shaft 12, a lower connector 14 rotatably installed at an inner circumference of an upper part of the driving shaft 12 via a pair of upper and lower bushings 15, and an upper connector 16 rotatably installed above the lower connector 14, thereby rotating integrally.
A brake band 17 is installed at an outer circumference of the upper connector 16 so that binding force holding the upper connector 16 is released when a brake lever is operated.
A driven shaft coupling 18, on which the extracting tub 6 is installed, is coupled to the upper portion of the upper connector 16 by a serration method, and a driven shaft 20, to which the agitator 7 is coupled via two upper and lower bushings 19, is rotatably installed at the inner circumference of the driven shaft coupling 18 via two upper and lower bushings 19.
The driving shaft 12 is engaged with a linear gear 21 at its upper end and the linear gear 21 is engaged with a plurality of planetary gears 22 at its circumference, so that the planetary gears 22 can freely decelerate while rotating through a shaft 25 which is coupled between an upper carrier 23 and a lower carrier 24 respectively installed on upper and lower parts of the driven shaft 20.
The planetary gears 22 rotate engaged with an internal gear 26 that is formed on an inner circumference of the upper connector 16. On the outer circumference of the lower part of the lower connector 14, are inserted ball bearings 27 into the bottom of a lower case 28 so that the lower connector 14 may rotate easily by means of the ball bearings 27. Supporting members 30 are installed on the ball bearings 27 via the bushing 15 and a clutch bearing 29 and coupled with a lower part of the lower case 28 by a fixing means 31. A clutch spring 32 is installed between end parts of the lower connector 14 and the driving shaft coupling 13 to control the washing and extracting tasks, and surrounded with a clutch holder 33 through the whole surface of the clutch spring 32. The clutch spring 32 has an upper end which is engaged with the lower connector 14, and a lower end which is fixedly connected with the clutch holer 33 surrounding the outer surface of the clutch spring 32. A sleeve member 35 of saw-toothed shape is installed at an outer circumference of the clutch holder 33 via a brake ring 34.
A brake lever 36 is installed at one side of the lower case 28, and a connecting lever 37 is installed under the brake lever 36, so that the sleeve member 35 and the brake ring 34 compress the clutch spring 32 when the brake lever 36 is driven. A clutch lever 38 is installed at one side of the brake lever 36 to receive the power of a drain motor (not shown) for operating the brake lever 36 and the connecting lever 37. Reference numeral 39 denotes an upper case.
In such a conventional washing machine, however, the construction is complicated and causes in an increase in noise or vibration during operation since the driving means is off-centered from the driving shaft.


A connection device for connecting mounting rails (2,3,4) in a double-T joint includes an intermediate member (11) having two, extending substantially parallel to each other, legs (12) and a connection section (13), connecting the two legs (12), and at least one receiving member (26) connectable with the intermediate member (11) and having two, extending substantially parallel to each other legs (27), a connection section (28) for connecting the two legs (27), and a setting-in element for engaging in at least one of plurality of spaced from each other and located opposite each other, elementary receptacles (18) provided in at least one leg (12) of the intermediate member (11).

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a connection device for connecting mounting rails in a double-T joint and includes an intermediate member and at least one receiving member connectable with the intermediate member. The intermediate member has two, extending substantially parallel to each other, legs and a connection section connecting the two legs for at least partially encompassing a first one of the mounting rails.
The at least one receiving member has two extending substantially parallel to each other legs and a connection section for connecting the two legs. In the at least one receiving member, a second one of the mounting rails, which butt-joins the first one of the mounting rails, is received. The at least one of the legs of the intermediate member has a plurality of, spaced from each other and located opposite each other, elementary receptacles for receiving the at least one receiving member.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Mounting rails are well known and are used, e.g., for connecting connection parts or conduit strings. Because of a large number of possible uses of the mounting rails, they are connected in a support framework by using attachment parts or connection devices.
E.g., in steel-clad or reinforced concrete halls, for providing flexible connection possibilities in constructional technology and for feeding of process media such as, e.g., current, compressed air, water, there are formed intermediate planes in form of grid ceilings formed by mounting rails and which are suspended from roof supports of a hall. The grid ceilings, which are formed of mounting rails, can be easily adapted to variable loads, e.g., for arranging of heavy conduits, or to particular static requirements by selection of corresponding mounting rails.
Usually, the grid ceilings include main girders extending in one direction and between which, sections of mounting rails as cross-girders in double-T joints are arranged, e.g., as supports or for stiffening of the grid ceilings. Grid ceilings and other frameworks, which are formed of mounting rails, provide a plurality of possibilities for securing, e.g., tubular conduits on the mounting rails with known connection parts such as angles and/or pipe clamps.
German Publication DE 100 00 092-A1 discloses a connection device for connecting mounting rails in a double-T joint and including a U-shaped intermediate member for encompassing a first mounting rail and at least one U-shaped receiving member fixedly securable to a leg of the intermediate member and in which a second mounting rail, which butt-joins the first mounting rail, is received. The connection device further includes a stirrup that serves as a securing element for the attachable mounting rail, is secured in undercuts provided on the free edges of the leg and secures the second mounting rail to the connection device with a rail nut that serves as attachment means.
The drawback of the connection device of DE 100 00 092-A1 consists in that only mounting rails, which have a certain height, can be connected with the first rail for forming a double-T joint. For different mounting rails having different heights, a plurality of differently formed connection devices are required which are expensive to manufacture and which require large logistic expenses from the manufacturer, dealer and user. When the known device is used, e.g., for forming a suspended grid ceiling, mounting rails with different heights, upon being connected, do not provide a continuous lower or bearing surface of the grid ceiling, e.g., for mounting of conduits in a substantially linear plane or for the arrangement of plaster plates, sheathing plates, or acoustic panels.
European Publication EP 1 201 936 A1 discloses a connection device for connecting mounting rails in a double-T joint and including one or more U-shaped intermediate members for encompassing a first mounting rail, and at least one U-shaped receiving member releasably secured on a leg of an intermediate member with a locking device and in which a second mounting rail, which butt-joins the first mounting rail is received. With a further receiving member and with use of a rail nut, which form fastening means, the second mounting rail can be secured to the connection device. The locking device has four elementary receptacles arranged about an inner thread and which are provided on each leg of the intermediate member, and four spigots provided on the receiving member and engaging the elementary receptacles. The locking device provides for rotation of the receiving member by an angle, which is multiple of 90°, for proper arrangement of the receiving member on the leg of the intermediate member.
The drawback of the connection device of EP 1 201 936 A2 consists in that for connecting different mounting rails having different height dimensions, several intermediate members should be arranged on the first mounting rail which, e.g., is not possible with a substantially horizontal grid ceiling without additionally arranging of vertical sections of mounting rails on the grid ceiling. Furthermore, with the known connection device upon use of mounting rails having different heights, only grid ceilings with a bottom flat bearing surface, e.g., for arrangement of plaster or sheathing plates can be produced. Placing of conduits in a substantially straight plane on the produced grid ceiling, when mounting rails of different heights are used, is not possible with the connection device of EP 1 201 936 A2.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a connection device with which connection of mounting rails, which have different heights, is possible and which, at the same time, will be very flexible in its use.

Connection device for connecting mounting rails


A half-tone color representation system suitable for use with a multi-color liquid crystal display panel, each display dot of which is constituted by three primary color pixels. More than eight different colors are represented with the three primary color pixels by providing a "half-tone" state of a pixel which is realized through successive ON-OFF controlling of the pixel. Flicker in the half-tone color representation of the display dot is reduced by causing the patterns or timings of successive ON-OFF controlling of the three primary color pixels to be different from one another.

1a.
This invention relates to a so-called frame-thinning type half-tone representation system, and more particularly to a half-tone representation system which is suitable for use with a multi-color liquid crystal display apparatus.
2b.
Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 58-57192 shows a half-tone representation system for a monochrone liquid crystal display apparatus with high-speed blinking of picture elements or pixels.
This prior art half-tone representation system is described below with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5.
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of such a prior art half-tone representation system. In the drawing, an oscillator for generating a 8-dot reference clock or character clock signal 2 is indicated at 1; display address signal generator responsive to reference clock signal 2 for cyclically generating display addresses 4 for a single frame is indicated at 3; and display memories for storing 8-bit display data 61-64 are indicated at 51-54. Pieces of display information are stored in each of the memories 51-54 in one-to-one correspondence relation, and 8-bit display data 61-64 retrieved from each of memories 51-54 are in one-to-one correspondence relation in terms of bit unit. When all display data 61-64 are "LOW", "display OFF" is indicated; when all display data 61-64 are "HIGH", "display ON" is indicated; and otherwise, half-tone representation is indicated. A timing signal generator is indicated at 9; a frame signal is indicated at 10; a line signal is indicated at 11; a data shift signal is indicated at 12; and an AC drive signal is indicated at 13. The timing signal generator 9 generates the frame signal 10, the line signal 11, the data shift signal 12 and the AC drive signal 13 in response to the character clock signal 2. A half-tone controlling circuit is indicated at 14; a divide-by-three frame counter which uses the frame signal 10 as a clock signal for cyclically generating "0", "1" and "2", is indicated at 15; a frame count outputted by frame counter 15 is indicated at 16; a half-tone signal generator is indicated at 24; and a half-tone signal is indicated at 25. The half-tone signal generator 24 outputs a half-tone signal of "HIGH" when frame count 16 is, " 0", and a half-tone signal of "LOW" when frame count 16 is "1" or "2". A display controlling circuit is indicated at 21 and 8-bit liquid crystal display data is indicated at 22. The display controlling circuit 21 functions to output as liquid crystal display data, a binary signal "HIGH" for normal representation or "display ON"; a binary signal "LOW" for "display OFF"; and is also controlled by half-tone signal 25 for half-tone representation. Liquid crystal display panel 231 composed of "m" dots x "n" lines is responsive to the liquid crystal display data 22 for providing visual representation of the data.
In FIG. 2, the display address generator circuit 3 functions to output addresses 4 to the display memories 51-54, thereby retrieving display information from memories 51-54. Each of the retrieved display information is of 8 bits, and is directed as display data to the display controlling circuit 21. The display controlling circuit 21 is responsive to the binary condition of each bit of display data 61-64 for outputting 8-bit liquid crystal display signal 22 to the liquid crystal display panel 231, specifically outputting display data signal of "HIGH" for normal display or "display ON"; display data signal of "LOW" for "display OFF"; of half-tone data which is "HIGH" in each one out of three frames in response to signal 25. The display address generator circuit 3 sequentially supplies display data 8 bits at a time to the liquid crystal panel 231 so as to sequentially provide display data of a frame. The liquid crystal display panel 231 functions to sequentially latch the liquid crystal display data 22 with data shift clock 12. After latching sufficient liquid crystal display data 22 to fill a full line of "m" dots, visual representation may be provided by means of line clock pulse 11, which pulse appears once for each line. This will be repeated "n" times to provide visual representation in a single frame. The beginning of each frame is indicated by the frame signal 10, and the liquid crystal display panel 231 is responsive to each appearance of "HIGH" frame signal 10 for beginning visual representation with the top line.
The above procedure is repeated to provide visual representation of all information stored in the memories 51-54.
FIG. 3 shows how liquid crystal panel 231 provides normal and half-tone representation of the liquid crystal display data 22 in the "0"th, 1st and 2nd frames.
Now, assume that information representing the letter "A" is stored in each of the display memories 51-54, and that information representing the letter "B" is stored only in the display memory 51. Then, the display controlling circuit 21 functions to output a binary signal of "HIGH" in each frame for the letter "A" and a half-tone signal 25 for the letter "B". Specifically, since frame counter 15 provides "0" in the "0"th frame, the half-tone signal 25 is "HIGH", allowing liquid crystal display panel 231 to provide visual representation of both letters "A" and "B" in the "0"th frame. The half-tone signal 25 is "LOW" in the 1st and 2nd frames, and then no visual representation of the letter "B" is caused in liquid crystal display panel 231 in these frames. Thus, the letter "B" will appear in only one frame out of three frames, and as a result the effective voltage applied to the liquid crystal panel 231 lowers compared with that for the letter "A". Thus, half-tone representation of the letter "B" is realized.
FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a conventional liquid crystal display apparatus employing a multi-color liquid crystal display panel. Color liquid crystal display panel is indicated at 23; and red (R), green (G) and blue (B) liquid crystal display data are indicated at 221, 222 and 223. Same components as appear in FIG. 2 are indicated at same reference numerals in FIG. 4.
Display controlling circuit 21 is responsive to display data 61-64 for providing R-liquid crystal display data 221, G-liquid crystal display data 222 and B-liquid crystal display data 223, each of which will be "HIGH" for normal display or "display ON", "LOW" for "display OFF", and will be controlled by the half-tone signal 25 for half-tone representation. Color liquid crystal display panel 23 includes dots each made up by a R-pixel, G-pixel and B-pixel. The R-pixel provides a visual representation of R-liquid crystal display data 221; the G-pixel provides visual representation of G-liquid crystal display data 222; and the B-pixel provides a visual representation of B-liquid crystal display data 223. The operation of the system of FIG. 4 is essentially the same as that of FIG. 2, except for the following:
FIG. 5 show how color liquid crystal panel 23 provides half-tone representation of R-, G- and B-liquid crystal display data 221-223 in the "0"th frame, the 1st frame and the 2nd frame. In the drawing, visual half-tone representation of the letter "A" is provided for every R-, G- and B-pixel.
The above described prior art permits half-tone representation, but disadvantageously flickers are caused by ON-OFF control of every pixel in a selected frame or frames. The lightness characteristics of the filters used in a color display panel are not taken into consideration, and therefore it is difficult to provide desired half-tone representation.

Half-tone representation system and controlling apparatus therefor


Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for performing thermal modeling. In one aspect, a method includes receiving monitoring data comprising temperature data measured inside a site, mode data, and state data, receiving weather data descriptive of weather at the site, and aligning the received temperature data, mode data, and state data with the received weather data. The method also includes determining an internal heat gain representing an amount of heat generated at the site irrespective of the heating or cooling system, determining at least one of a thermal product for the site or a thermal potential for the heating or cooling system, generating, based on the internal gain and the thermal product or the thermal potential, a thermal model for the site, and providing, as output, the generated thermal model.

Thermal models can be generated for sites to predict characteristics of the sites under various predetermined conditions and/or hypothetical conditions. The thermal models may be generated according to historical internal temperature and weather data, as well as forecast internal temperature and weather data. By predicting characteristics of the site, thermal models may be used to represent characteristics of the sites according to predetermined conditions such as forecast internal temperatures, setpoint temperatures and weather at the sites.


A household dishwasher with a bulk wash aid dispenser for metering individual charges of wash aid from a bulk wash aid supply.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates generally to a household dishwashing machine with a wash aid dispenser and more particularly to a household dishwashing machine with a wash aid dispenser for dispensing a charge of wash aid from a bulk wash aid supply.
1. Description of the Related Art
Food processing, preparation, serving, and consumption commonly employ reusable tableware, pots and pans, utensils, and other equipment. Before soiled items can be used, they are commonly cleaned in a dishwashing machine. Current household dishwashers utilize a single or individual charge of wash aids, such as detergents, rinse aids, and film removers. As a result, the user must provide new individual charges of the appropriate wash aids with each use of the dishwasher. This procedure is inconvenient for the user who must remember to supply the wash aids and spend time refilling the appropriate dispensers. Furthermore, the amount of wash aid introduced into the dispensers is dependent on the user. Although the dispenser can have fill level indicators, users can ignore the recommendations and either use too much or too little wash aid. Improper quantities of wash aid can cause deposition of residue and films or inadequate cleansing of the dishes, utensils, and glasses.
The problems associated with single-use wash aids in dishwashers are remedied by bulk wash aids. In general, a bulk wash aid is an agglomeration of multiple charges of a wash aid for use in multiple dishwashing cycles. When this form of wash aid is employed, the user does not have to replace it between each use of the dishwasher nor determine the quantity of wash aid in the dishwasher liquid solution. Rather, the amount of wash aid supplied to the solution is metered by a bulk wash aid dispenser.
Prior household dishwashers with bulk wash aid dispensers have the disadvantage of the having the bulk wash aid supply continuously exposed to the recirculating liquid in the dishwasher. Because the bulk wash aid is constantly in fluid communication with the liquid, it is difficult to properly meter an accurate charge of detergent. Additionally, dishwashers can utilize a rinse cycle wherein no wash aid is desired, but dishwashers with dispensers described above are not able to cease the release of wash aid into the rinse liquid.
Therefore, there is a need for a household dishwasher with a bulk dispenser wherein an individual charge of wash aid can be metered from the bulk supply of wash aid. The need for such a bulk dispenser is especially important for non-liquid wash aids, such as powders and solids. The storing and metering of non-liquid wash aids is inherently more difficult than for liquid wash aids.

Household dishwasher with bulk wash aid dispenser


A secondary stabilizer for emulsion polymers is disclosed. The secondary stabilizer is a polyester containing diol residues, residues of olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids which carry sulfonate groups and residues of dicarboxylic acids which do not contain olefinic unsaturation or sulfonate groups. The residues of the olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids comprise from 70 mole-% to 99 mole-% of dicarboxylic acid residues in the polyester and from 1 mole-% to 30 mole-% of residues of dicarboxylic acids which do not contain olefinic unsaturation or sulfonate groups. The polyester secondary stabilizer is not a surfactant (does not significantly lower the surface tension of water) and in addition is biodegradable.

Polymer dispersions are normally produced by the process of emulsion polymerization in which water-insoluble monomers are polymerized in aqueous phase in the presence of emulsification or dispersion aids. The process may be used for the production of polymer dispersions from virtually any water-insoluble or only partly water-soluble monomers such as, for example, acrylic or methacrylic acid esters, vinyl esters, styrene, butadiene, chloroprene, acrylonitrile or vinyl chloride.
In general, the emulsifiers used are surface-active substances which control the course of the polymerization and which stabilize the product formed. Stabilizing means preventing individual polymer particles in the dispersions from coagulating to form relatively large agglomerates. The process of emulsion polymerization has been known for decades and is described in sufficient detail in standard works (see, for example, Rompps. Chemie Lexikon, 9th Edition, (1990), Thieme Verlag, Vol. 2, page 1159 and the literature cited therein).
Emulsion polymerization is used for the production of polymers which are used both as dispersions, for example in binders for paints or adhesives, and in bulk as a source for plastics or elastomers.
In the production of plastics or elastomers in bulk, the polymer dispersions are normally dried to remove the water present and to enable the plastic or the elastomer to be recovered in pure form. In many cases, the plastic or the elastomer is recovered by spray drying or by coagulation and subsequent drying. The necessary destruction of the dispersions in this process means that the polymer dispersions should not be particularly stable. Accordingly, it is preferred to use emulsifiers which, although enabling the dispersions to be produced without difficulty, do not unnecessarily complicate their subsequent destruction. Particular advantages are afforded by emulsifiers which can be specifically chemically modified in such a way that they completely lose their surface-active and stabilizing properties. The generally unwanted effect on the end product (for example sensitivity to water or lack of heat resistance) of the emulsifiers remaining therein can be avoided in this way.
This process is used in particular in the production of elastomers where the emulsifiers used are fatty soaps or resin soaps which can be converted into non-surface-active compounds by pH reduction. The latex produced and stabilized with soaps can be completely or partly coagulated by pH reduction, the fatty acids remaining in the elastomers as desired additives with no adverse effect as emulsifiers.
However, by comparison with other standard emulsifiers, such as alkyl sulfates or sulfonates, the soaps are poorer emulsifiers, i.e. although their use allows a polymerization to be carried out, a considerable percentage of coagulated polymer actually occurs during preparation of the emulsion or removal of the residual monomers as a result of shear forces, boiling processes or other mechanical influences. The coagulated fractions contaminate the polymerization reactor with each batch so that it has to be continually cleaned. Since the cleaning of the reactor reduces its capacity, attempts have been made to reduce the formation of coagulate by using secondary stabilizers (co-stabilizers).

Process for the production of emulsion polymers


Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing presence-qualified E.164 number mapping (ENUM) service in a communications network. According to one method, a query message including an E.164 number can be received. Next, at least one uniform resource identifier (URI) associated with the E.164 number can be located. A presence server can be queried for presence status information for the URI. Further, the query message can be responded to with the URI and a corresponding presence status.

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) initiated the development of the E.164 Number Mapping (ENUM) system for facilitating the interconnection of communications networks that rely on telephone numbers with the communications networks that utilize the Domain Name System (DNS). In particular, the ENUM system can map a particular number referred to as an E.164 number to one or more Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) in the DNS. URIs are strings of characters that identify resources such as documents, images, files, databases, e-mail addresses, websites or other resources or services in a common structured format. A URI can include a SIP URI, an instant messaging (IM) identifier, an e-mail address identifier, an Internet chat session identifier, and an IP address.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary communications network, generally designated 100, utilizing the ENUM system. Network 100 includes a gateway 102 for connecting the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) system 104 to an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 106. Gateway 102 is operable to enable communication between a conventional telephone unit or other suitable network device connected to PSTN 104 and a mobile telephone unit or other suitable network device connected to IMS 106. The mobile telephone unit can communicate to IMS 106 via session initiation protocol (SIP) proxy server 108. The conventional telephone unit and mobile telephone unit can communicate voice data, text data, or other suitable data. ENUM system can be utilized, for example, when a user of the standard telephone unit attempts to reach a subscriber associated with the mobile telephone unit.
Communication between the conventional telephone unit and the mobile telephone unit can be initiated when a user of the conventional telephone unit dials a called party number (referred to herein as an E.164 number) for reaching a subscriber associated with the mobile telephone unit. A message containing the dialed E.164 number (or called party number) is routed to PSTN 104. PSTN 104 can then generate an ISUP AIM message 110 containing the E.164 number to gateway 102 which can determine whether the E.164 number is associated with the subscriber. Gateway 102 can determine whether the E.164 is associated with the subscriber by performing a look up in a subscriber database. In response to determining that the telephone number is associated with the subscriber, the E.164 number is converted into ENUM message format for transmission in an ENUM query 112. The E.164 number is converted to ENUM message format by reversing the digit order of the dialed E.164 number and appending the highest level domain e164.arpa to the end. For example, if the original E.164 number is 123-456-7890, ENUM query 112 is converted 0.9.8.7.188.8.131.52.2.1.e164.arpa (also referred to herein as an E.164 number). Next, the ENUM query is then communicated to an ENUM server 114. ENUM server 114 uses the ENUM query to retrieve one or more naming authority pointer (NAPTR) records associated with the E.164 number. Each of the NAPTR records may identify at least one URI corresponding to the subscriber with the E.164 number. The URI may identify the mobile telephone unit. The URI is then communicated to gateway 102 in an ENUM response 116 for establishing communication between the conventional telephone unit and the mobile telephone unit.
In addition, more than one URI can be contained in the NAPTR records for identifying one or more other network devices, services and/or addresses. For example, another URI returned to gateway 102 can identify a different way of reaching the subscriber associated with the dialed E.164 number, such as via e-mail or paging.
Rather than simply returning the URI or set of URIs obtained from ENUM server 114 to gateway 102, it may be desirable to obtain additional information, such as presence information for contacting the called party. Presence is a service that provides for the monitoring of the availability and disposition of services and/or addresses identified by URIs. Presence information is highly dynamic and generally characterize whether a user is online or offline, busy or idle, away from communications devices or nearby, and the like. Presence information is typically stored in a presence database. In order to obtain presence information regarding a subscriber, referred to as a presently, a subscribing entity must send a subscribe message to a presence server if presence information for the subscribed-to presently is available in the presence database, the presence server will respond with presence information for the presently. If presence information regarding the presently changes, the presence server will send presence update messages to subscribing entities.
As described above, the mechanisms for obtaining ENUM and presence information are distinct. However, it may be desirable to combine presence information with ENUM information to obtain enhanced contact information for a subscriber with multiple ENUM identities. Currently, such a combined mechanism does not exist. That is, a subscriber wishing to obtain presence information for multiple ENUM identities would be required to manually subscribe to or query a presence server for each ENUM identity.
Accordingly, in light of these difficulties associated with conventional ENUM systems, there exists a need for improved methods, systems, and computer program products for providing a combination of ENUM and presence services in a communications network.


A protocol, or method, for managing the printers and printer connections for users on a computer network based on the user's group membership, user name, terminal name (client name) and computer name.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a printer management protocol for network printers and, more particularly, to a to a printer management protocol to assign and manage local and network printers in a networked computer environment.
2. Description of the Background
A primary goal of local area network (LAN) technology is to share all resources that are distributed across the network. Existing network software helps network administrators to accomplish this purpose. For example, Microsoft® Windows NT® Server 4.0 allows administrators to give anyone in their organization access to resources available on a Windows NT Server system, regardless of the client operating system they are using and without changing client software. Thus, no matter what operating system clients are equipped with, they can all connect to Windows NT Server using the protocols that they support natively. Consequently, most network resources can be managed from one location (centralized management). Resources like drive shares, SQL servers, mail servers, routers, etc. can be managed from remote locations. There is one resource that remains very difficult to manage. Specifically, printer management in networks is still an elusive goal. This is primarily due to the complexities in managing the diverse operating systems of the client computers, and the numerous printer drivers required for each different type of printer and for each different operating system. Printers that are attached to the user's computer are not easily installed, configured or removed. In order to install and use a new printer on a user's computer, the device driver must be installed from the computer itself, the port must be configured and the device mode settings (things like page size) must be manually set.
As an example, FIG. 1 is a local area network diagram that helps to illustrate the obstacles faced in central printer management. Within the LAN a plurality of clients, e.g., 20-1-1 . . . 20-m-n are connected to respective network Servers 30-1 . . . m via any of a number of different communication topologies inclusive of 10-base T, 100-base T, Sonet, Token Ring, etc. Clients 20-1 . . . 20-n might be configured to communicate with Server 30 via any of a number of different communication protocols such as IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, etc. In addition, Clients 20-1-1 . . . 20-m-n might be running any of various operating systems such as MacIntosh, Windows 95, 98 or Windows NT Workstation. Moreover, any number of different printers 40-1-1 . . . 40-m-n may be connected to the LAN, each requiring a different printer driver specially configured depending on the above constraints. If there are 100 client stations 20-1-20 . . . 20-5-20 each with printers attached, and there are 5 servers 30-1 . . . 5, then there would need to be 500 printer configurations defined and maintained. The management of client printer configurations has traditionally been a manual process and all printer drivers must be manually installed and network connections manually established. This is accomplished by the administrator physically working with each client station connected to the LAN, and the impracticality of the situation becomes apparent.
It would be greatly advantageous to provide a method for dynamically centrally configuring and managing a user's printer environment based on group membership, user name, terminal name or computer name.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Abstract: Network administrators can centrally manage the assignment of user's printers and network printer connections on any networked computer system, including Microsoft Windows NT Terminal Server Edition. Installation of required drivers is dynamic with no interaction with the user.


A crosslinking system which includes a 1,2,4-trioxacycloheptane and a crosslink-promoting polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated compound. This system is employed in a process of crosslinking a thermoplastic polymer. Preferred polymers, useful in this process, include ethylene homopolymers and copolymers.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a process for crosslinking a thermoplastic polymer and to a crosslinking system, a cyclic peroxide and co-agent therefor, used therein. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a process of crosslinking a thermoplastic polymer by contacting it with a crosslinking system which includes a cyclic seven-membered peroxide compound and a crosslink-promoting polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated compound.
2. Background of the Prior Art
The utilization of compounds having peroxy functionality to crosslink thermoplastic polymers is well established in the art. That there are so many peroxide compounds utilized in this application gives evidence of the variety of thermoplastic polymers subject to crosslinkage.
Independent of the identity of the thermoplastic polymer subject to crosslinkage there are three properties commonly sought in all peroxide compounds employed in this use. These properties are, indeed, independent of the peroxide compound's suitability as a crosslinking agent. The first of these is shelf-life stability. This is a threshold requirement. It would not do well to utilize a peroxide having excellent crosslinking properties which degrades prior to use.
The second of these properties is ease of synthesis. Obviously, the easier the synthesis, as measured by the number of steps required to produce the peroxide, the yield of each step, the level of difficulty associated with separating the product from the reaction mixture and the like, the lower will be the cost of the peroxide.
Finally, the third desired property, directly related to the specific function to which the peroxide is put, thermoplastic polymer crosslinkage, is onset temperature. Onset temperature is the temperature at which uncontrolled decomposition begins. The onset temperature of a peroxide must be such that at the temperature at which the thermoplastic polymer is to be crosslinked, the peroxide undergoes decomposition at a rate sufficient to effect such crosslinking in a reasonable period of time.
A class of peroxide compounds that meets the desired criteria, i.e. of possessing the three aforementioned properties, are 1,2,4-trioxacycloheptanes in which three oxygen atoms are contained in a seven-membered ring. Specific examples of these cyclic peroxide compounds are known in the art. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,956,416; 5,272,219; 5,360,867; 5,399,630; and 5,457,162 each describe a seven-membered cyclic monoperoxy compound useful in curing unsaturated polyester resins, polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, modifying molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of polypropylenes, grafting monomers onto polymers, and crosslinking polymers and elastomers and the like. It is emphasized that although a simple recitation is made in these references stating that the peroxides of these patents may be employed in a process of crosslinking polymers, there is no suggestion of combining a seven-membered cyclic peroxide compound with other compounds for enhancement of their crosslinking properties or any other of the uses alleged for these compounds.
In further regard to seven-membered cyclic peroxide ring compounds, a survey article, directed to organic peroxide compounds in general, which appears in the "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology", Fourth Edition, Vol. 18, pages 230-310 (1996), describes 1,2,4-trioxacycloalkanes at pages 259-260. Although such compounds are set forth in the aforementioned article, no specific use for these compounds is provided.
In addition to seven-membered cyclic compounds having peroxy functionality, other classes of peroxide compounds are known which-are related to the present invention. One such class of compounds is the class known as the monoperoxyacetals, described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,776,319. This class of acyclic compounds is said to be useful as polymerization catalysts, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides and defoliants.
Another class of peroxide compounds of interest is "ether peroxides." Compounds of this class are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,576,826 and 3,822,317. Ether peroxides of the type included in these patents are recited to have utility as styrene polymerization initiators.
Another class of acyclic peroxide compounds are bis-monoperoxyacetals and bis-monoperoxyketals. These compounds are of interest because of their utility as polymer crosslinking agents. This class of compounds is the subject of U.S. Pat. No. 3,956,398.
A similar class of monoperoxyketals, containing a cyclohexane ring, is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,004,780. The cyclic monoperoxyketals of this patent are stated to be useful as polymerization initiators and curing agents for unsaturated polyester resins.
Classes of hydroxyperoxides useful in curing of unsaturated polyester resin compositions, in free radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, in curing of elastomers, in crosslinking thermoplastic polymers, in modifying polypropylene homo- and co-polymers and the like are set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,304,649 and 5,387,654. These compounds are all characterized by possessing both hydroxy and monoperoxyketal functionality.
The above extended discussion of peroxide compounds emphasizes that although a plethora of peroxide compounds are employed in polymerization processes, there is still a present and continuing need in the art for peroxide compounds to serve as initiators in the high temperature crosslinkage of thermoplastic materials.

Process for crosslinking thermoplastic polymers and crosslinking system used therein


Molecular sieves comprising intergrowths of cha and aft having an “sfw-GME tail”, at least one structure directing agent (SDA) within the framework of the molecular sieve, an intergrowth of CHA and GME framework structures, cha cavities, and aft cavities are described. A first SDA comprising either an N,N-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylpiperidinium cation or a N,N-diethyl-2,6-dimethylpiperidinium cation is required. A second SDA, which can further be present, is a CHA or an SFW generating cation. The amount of the second SDA-2 used can change the proportion of the components in the cha-aft-“sfw-GME tail”. Activated molecular sieves formed from SDA containing molecular sieves are also described. Compositions for preparing these molecular sieves are described. Methods of preparing a SDA containing JMZ-11, an activated JMZ-11, and metal containing activated JMZ-11 are described. Methods of using activated JMZ-11 and metal containing activated JMZ-11 in a variety of processes, such as treating exhaust gases and converting methanol to olefins are described.

Molecular sieves are a commercially important class of materials that have distinct crystal structures with defined pore structures that are shown by distinct X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The crystal structure defines cavities and channels/pores that are characteristic of the specific type of molecular sieve. This is usually described as the framework type or topological type. A full listing of framework types is maintained by the IZA (International Zeolite Association) http://www.iza-structure.org/databases/. Such framework types or topological types are not defined by composition, but only by the arrangement of the T-atoms (tetrahedral atoms) that bound the channels/pores and cavities and make up a structure. A framework type or topological type is unique and is provided with a unique three letter code by the IZA.
During the formation and growth of a molecular sieve crystal, sometimes faults occur that can initiate the growth of different structures within the bulk material. This can result in the appearance of a separate phase recognized by XRD. This separate phase can be referred to as a disordered structure or an intergrowth. Disordered structures are defined as structures possessing periodic ordering in dimensions less than 3, such as 2, 1, or zero-dimensions. This phenomenon is also called stacking disorder of structurally invariant Periodic Building Units (PerBUs). In other words, disordered structures are those where the stacking sequence of the PerBU deviates from periodic ordering up to random stacking sequences. Chemical disorder (i.e. different cations on a particular site), dynamic disorder (i.e rotational disorder of template molecules) and structural disorder (i.e. disordered molecules in the cavities of zeolite frameworks) are excluded from this definition. The physical chemical properties and the catalytic behaviour of a disordered structure might be different to those of the ordered counterpart. Examples include CHA/AEI composed of layers of double six-member rings (M. Janssen, A. Verberckmoes, M. Mertens, A. Bons, W. Mortier, ExxonMobile Chemical Europe Inc. EP patent no. 1365 992 B1, 2007. W. A. Slawinski, D. S. Wragg, D. Akporiaye, H. Fjellvag, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 2014, 195, 311-318), EMT/FAU composed of sod cages linked through double T6-rings into a hexagonal layer (J. M. Newsam, M. M. J. Treacy, D. E. W. Vaughan, K. G. Strohmaier, W. J. Mortier, Chem. Commun., 1989, 493-495), LOV/VSV/RSN composed of T9 units: two 4-rings connected through a single T atom related by pure translations along a- and b-axes (S. Merlino, Eur. J. Miner., 1990, 2, 809-817. C. Röhrig, H. Gies, B. Marler, Zeolites, 1994, 14, 498-503. C. Röhrig, H. Gies, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1995, 34, 63-65) etc. Further Examples of disorder in zeolite frameworks are reported in the database of zeolite structures (http://europe.iza-structure.org/IZA-SC/intergrowth_Table.html). The synthetic conditions, the nature of the metal cations, the shape and size of the SDAs employed for the synthesis of structures belonging to a given family, may affect the ordered arrangement of the building units, resulting in the formation of intergrowth and stacking disorder structures.
The new intergrowth zeolites herein described are related to the ABC-6 family of structures, in particular those containing only double six-rings (D6Rs) (http://europe.iza-structure.org/IZA-SC/intergrowth_families/ABC_6.pdf). The ABC-6 structures are built up from 6Rs with different stacking arrangements along one axis and linked by 4Rs. The 6R units can be centred on three different positions along the hexagonal ab-plane: A (0, 0, 0), B (2/3, 1/3, 0) and C (1/3, 2/3, 0).
The molecular sieves synthesised and identified as member of the disordered ABC-6 family consisting only of double-6-rings are: ZK-14 [G. H. Kuehl. In: Molecular Sieves S. C. I., London, 1967, p 85]; Babelite [R. Szostak and K. P. Lillerud, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1994, (20), 2357-2358]; Linde D [K. P. Lillerud, R. Szostak and A. Long, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1994, 90, 1547-1551; GB Patent 868, 649]; Phi [K. P. Lillerud, R. Szostak and A. Long, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1994, 90, 1547-1551; U.S. Pat. No. 4,124,686]; LZ-276 [G. W. Skeels, M. Sears, C. A. Bateman, N. K. McGuire, E. M. Flanigen, M. Kumar, R. M. Kirchner, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 30, 335 (1999); U.S. Pat. No. 5,248,491]; LZ-277 [G. W. Skeels, M. Sears, C. A. Bateman, N. K. McGuire, E. M. Flanigen, M. Kumar, R. M. Kirchner, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 30, 335 (1999); U.S. Pat. No. 5,192,522]; SAPO AFX/CHA [U.S. Pat. No. 7,906,099]; SSZ-52 [D. Xie, L. B. McCusker, C. Baerlocher, S. I. Zones, W. Wan, X. Zou, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135(28), 10519-24; U.S. Pat. No. 6,379,531]; ZTS-1 and ZTS-2 [Y. Naraki, K. Ariga, K. Nakamura, K. Okushita, T. Sano, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. (2017) 254, 160-169; JP Patent 2017065943]; faulted CHA-type zeolites [J. Kim, D. H. Kim, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2018, 256, 266-274]; faulted-GME [U.S. Pat. No. 9,643,853]; SSZ-52x [U.S. Pat. No. 10,150,676]; GME/CHA [WO 2018/086974].
WO 2018/086974 discloses a method of preparing a series of zeolites belonging to the ABC-6 framework family with disorder in the ABC stacking sequence and with silica to alumina ratio in the range 8-60. The diffraction peaks in claim 3 and the relative Examples reported allow to classify these zeolites as stochastic CHA-GME intergrowths.
Molecular sieves have numerous industrial applications, and molecular seizes having certain frameworks, such as CHA, are known to be effective catalyst for treating combustion exhaust gas in industrial applications including internal combustion engines, gas turbines, coal-fired power plants, and the like. In one Example, nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas may be controlled through a so-called selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process whereby NOx compounds in the exhaust gas are contacted with a reducing agent in the presence of a zeolite catalyst. In another Example, molecular sieves having the CHA framework type have found application in the conversion of methanol to olefins (MTO) catalysis.
There is a need to develop new molecular sieves having the basic structure of known molecular sieves, where minor changes in the structure can affect one or more of the catalytic properties of the molecular sieve. In some cases, while minor changes in the structure may not be discernible using normally used analytical techniques, the catalytic activity of the structurally modified zeolite may be improved relative to very closely related analogous zeolites. Unexpected improvements in the catalytic activity of such structurally modified molecular sieves can allow for the compositions of exhaust gases from engines to meet various regulatory requirements.


Apparatus and methods enable active compensation for unwanted discrepancies in the superconducting elements of a quantum processor. A qubit may include a primary compound Josephson junction (CJJ) structure, which may include at least a first secondary CJJ structure to enable compensation for Josephson junction asymmetry in the primary CJJ structure. A qubit may include a series LC-circuit coupled in parallel with a first CJJ structure to provide a tunable capacitance. A qubit control system may include means for tuning inductance of a qubit loop, for instance a tunable coupler inductively coupled to the qubit loop and controlled by a programming interface, or a CJJ structure coupled in series with the qubit loop and controlled by a programming interface.

1. Field
The present systems, methods and apparatus generally relate to superconducting devices and particularly relate to active compensation of superconducting elements in a quantum processor.
2. Superconducting Qubits
There are many different hardware and software approaches under consideration for use in quantum computers. One hardware approach employs integrated circuits formed of superconducting material, such as aluminum and/or niobium, to define superconducting qubits. Superconducting qubits can be separated into several categories depending on the physical property used to encode information. For example, they may be separated into charge, flux and phase devices. Charge devices store and manipulate information in the charge states of the device; flux devices store and manipulate information in a variable related to the magnetic flux through some part of the device; and phase devices store and manipulate information in a variable related to the difference in superconducting phase between two regions of the phase device.
Many different forms of superconducting flux qubits have been implemented in the art, but all successful implementations generally include a superconducting loop (i.e., a "qubit loop") that is interrupted by at least one
Josephson junction. Some embodiments implement multiple superconducting loops connected in series and/or in parallel with one another. Some embodiments implement multiple Josephson junctions connected either in series or in parallel with one another. In the art, a pair of Josephson junctions that are connected in parallel with one another is known as a compound
Josephson junction ("CJJ"). It is understood that the behavior of a CJJ may be modeled as a single effective Josephson junction, similar to the way in which the behavior of multiple resistors connected in parallel with one another may be modeled as a single effective resistance.
Quantum Processor
A computer processor may take the form of an analog processor, for instance a quantum processor such as a superconducting quantum processor. A superconducting quantum processor may include a number of qubits and associated local bias devices, for instance two or more superconducting qubits. Further detail and embodiments of exemplary quantum processors that may be used in conjunction with the present systems, methods, and apparatus are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,533,068, US Patent Publication 2008-0176750, US Patent Publication 2009-0121215, and PCT Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2009/037984.

Systems, methods and apparatus for active compensation of quantum processor elements


A shaker rod constructed in two parts of different rigidities for a harvester is disclosed. The first part, in plan, includes a hook shaped region, so that it is generally the shape of a head of a shepherd's crook with a handle which is curved. The second and more rigid part is generally straight and is joined to the hook shaped end of the first part. This forms a generally continuous U-shaped end of the first part. The end of the shaker rod are mountable to shaker posts or shaker frames of a harvester which creates movement in the shaker rod when the harvester is used.

At present grapes and other fruit are grown in freestanding rows or on a trellis system. A number of different types of mechanical harvester have been used to harvest fruit and these include the machines described in French patent specification Nos. 2,654,701, 2,605,487 and 2,638,600. These harvesters normally consist of a straddle type tractor adapted to be driven over the row of bushes or the trellis. The tractor incorporates a shaker mechanism designed to contact each side of the bush or vine and subject it to sideways or other lateral movement at spaced vertical intervals. The shaker mechanism is designed to dislodge the fruit which falls under gravity to be collected on horizontally extending pivoting plates which form a collecting and conveying mechanism for the fruit. The tractor normally includes a conveyer mechanism or mechanisms for transferring the fruit from the collecting mechanism to a hopper or the like. The shaker mechanism as shown in the French specifications includes a series of horizontally extending shaker rods or bars positioned alongside each side of the internal passage through the harvester. The shaker rods are adapted by a mechanism or mechanisms to reciprocate in a horizontal plane.
Existing shaker bars have been constructed from metal or plastics materials and all have suffered from certain disadvantages in their effectiveness in creating the ideal motion for removing fruit.
An object of the present invention is to provide an alternative construction of shaker rod for a grape or fruit harvester.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description which is given by way of example only.


A bottled water station is provided for selective dispensing of uncarbonated and carbonated water. The station includes an upper water reservoir adapted to receive water from an inverted supply bottle. The upper reservoir is mounted in stacked relation on a lower carbonator reservoir, and uncarbonated water is dispensed from the upper reservoir via a first dispense conduit extending through the carbonator reservoir and a multiported fitting thereon to a first faucet valve. A portion of the uncarbonated water is diverted from the first dispense conduit and is supplied with a carbonating gas through the multiported fitting to the carbonator reservoir to form carbonated water. The carbonated water is dispensed in turn through a second dispense conduit connected between the multiported fitting and a second faucet valve. A chiller, coil of a suitable refrigeration system is wrapped about the upper and lower reservoir for simultaneous chilling of the water contained therein.

This invention relates generally to beverage dispensing devices such as a bottled water station, particularly of a type adapted for selective and alternative dispensing of uncarbonated or carbonated water. More specifically, this invention relates to an improved, relatively simple dispensing station having separate supplies of uncarbonated and carbonated water.
Bottled water dispenser stations are well-known in the art for containing a supply of relatively purified water in a convenient manner and location ready for substantially immediate dispensing and use. Such bottled water stations commonly include an upwardly open water reservoir mounted within a station housing and adapted to receive and support an inverted water bottle of typically three to five gallon capacity. Water within the inverted bottle flows downwardly into the station reservoir for selective dispensing therefrom through a faucet valve on the front of the station housing. Such bottled water stations are widely used to provide a clean and safe source of water for drinking and cooking, especially in areas where the local water supply contains or is suspected to contain undesired levels of contaminants.
In recent years, considerable interest has developed in connection with carbonated water dispensers, particularly of a relatively compact and cost-efficient design for use in an in-home or office environment. In this regard, carbonated water dispensers normally comprise a pressurized water tank or reservoir supplied with water and a selected carbonating gas, such as carbon dioxide, for appropriate intermixture to form carbonated water. The carbonated water provides a pleasing and refreshing beverage which can be used to form a soft drink beverage upon appropriate addition of a flavor syrup or the like. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,071,595; 5,073,312; and 5,085,810.
Various attempts have been made to modify a traditional bottled water station for purposes of providing a supply of carbonated water. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,940,164. In some instances, such modified bottled water stations have been adapted to provide both uncarbonated and carbonated water selected by the individual at the time of water dispensing. While such dual water supply systems are highly beneficial with respect to meeting certain beverage dispensing requirements, the system is necessarily equipped with separate water reservoirs containing the uncarbonated and carbonated water supplies. In the past, especially when the water supplies are refrigerated, a relatively complex and costly bottled water station has resulted, having numerous plumbing connections and fittings to obtain the desired dual water supplies.
The present invention provides an improved bottled water station for selective and alternative dispensing of uncarbonated and carbonated water, wherein the bottled water station has a relatively simplified arrangement of dual water-containing reservoirs, and a correspondingly simplified and cost-efficient construction.

Bottled water station for dispensing carbonated and uncarbonated water


An array substrate for an in-plane switching liquid crystal display device includes: a gate line on a substrate; a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region; a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; a common line parallel to and spaced apart from the gate line; a common electrode extending from the common line and including a plurality of common electrode patterns; a pixel connecting line connected to a capacitor electrode; and a pixel electrode extending from the pixel connecting line and including a plurality of pixel electrode patterns, wherein one of the plurality of common electrode patterns and one of the plurality of pixel electrode patterns form concentric rings of pixel and common electrode patterns that are within an open region of another one of the plurality of common electrode patterns.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device. More particularly it relates to a liquid crystal display device implementing in-plane switching (IPS) in which an electric field is generated in a plane that is parallel to the substrate of the device.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
A liquid crystal display device uses the optical anisotropy and polarization properties of liquid crystal molecules to produce an image. The long thin shapes of the liquid crystal can be aligned to have an orientation in a specific direction. The alignment direction of the liquid crystals can be controlled by an applied electric field. In other words, as an applied electric field changes, so does the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. Due to the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal, the refraction of incident light depends on the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Thus, by properly controlling an electric field applied to a group of liquid crystal molecules in respective pixels, a desired image can be produced by diffracting light.
There are many types liquid crystal displays (LCDs). One type of LCD is an active matrix LCD (AM-LCD) that has a matrix of pixels. Each of the pixels in an AM-LCD has a thin film transistor (TFT) and pixel electrode. AM-LCDs are the subject of significant research and development because of their high resolution and superiority in displaying moving images.
LCD devices have wide application in office automation (OA) equipment and video units because they have the characteristics of light weight, thin profile and low power consumption. The typical liquid crystal display panel of an LCD device has an upper substrate, a lower substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. The upper substrate, commonly referred to as a color filter substrate, usually includes a common electrode and color filters. The lower substrate, commonly referred to as an array substrate, includes switching elements, such as thin film transistors, and pixel electrodes.
The operation of an LCD device is based on the principle that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is dependent upon an electric field applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. More particularly, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the application of an electric field to the liquid crystal layer. When the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules is properly controlled in each pixel of a group of pixels, incident light is refracted along the alignment direction in a plurality of pixels to display image data. Thus, liquid crystal molecules in the pixels function as an optical modulation element having variable optical characteristics that depend upon polarity of the applied voltage.
In a conventional LCD device, the pixel electrode and common electrode are positioned on the lower substrate and upper substrate, respectively. Thus, a longitudinal electric field is induced between the lower and upper substrates of a conventional LCD device. This longitudinal electric field is perpendicular to the lower and upper substrates. However, conventional LCD devices having the longitudinal electric field have a drawback in that they have a very narrow viewing angle.
To solve the problem of narrow viewing angle, in-plane switching liquid crystal display (IPS-LCD) device has been proposed. The IPS-LCD device typically includes a lower substrate on which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are disposed, an upper substrate having no electrode, and a liquid crystal interposed between the upper and lower substrates. A detailed explanation about operation modes of a typical IPS-LCD panel will be provided in reference to FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a concept of a related art IPS-LCD panel. As shown in FIG. 1, upper substrate 10 and lower substrate 20 are spaced apart from each other, and a liquid crystal layer 30 is interposed therebetween. The upper substrate 10 and lower substrate 20 are often referred to as a color filter substrate and an array substrate, respectively. A common electrode 22 and a pixel electrode 24 are located on the lower substrate 20. The common electrode 22 and pixel electrode 24 are parallel alignment with respect to each other. A color filter layer (not shown) is positioned in an area of the surface of the upper substrate 10 that corresponds to an area between the pixel electrode 24 and the common electrode 22 of the lower substrate 20.
A voltage applied across the common electrode 22 and pixel electrode 24 produces an electric field 26 through liquid crystal molecules 32. The liquid crystal molecules 32 have a positive dielectric anisotropy, and thus orient to have an alignment which is parallel with the electric field 26. When no electric field is produced between the common electrode 22 and pixel electrode 24, i.e., "off state", the longitudinal axes of the liquid crystal (LC) molecules 32 are aligned in a direction that is parallel to and form a definite angle with the common electrode 22 and pixel electrode 24. For example, the longitudinal axes of the LC molecules 32 are arranged in a direction parallel with both the common electrode 22 and pixel electrode 24. In contrast, when a voltage is applied across the common electrode 22 and pixel electrode 24, i.e., "on state", a lateral electric field 26 parallel to the surface of the lower substrate 20 is produced because the common electrode 22 and pixel electrode are on the lower substrate 20. Accordingly, the LC molecules 32 are re-arranged to bring their longitudinal axes into coincidence with the electric field 26. Since the LC molecules switch directions while maintaining their longitudinal axes in a plane perpendicular to the direct viewing direction of a display, in-plane switching can permit a wide viewing angle for a display device. The viewing angles can range from 80 to 85 degrees in up-and-down and left-and-right views from a line vertical to the IPS-LCD panel, for example.
FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating one pixel of an array substrate according to a related art IPS-LCD device. As shown in FIG. 2, a gate line 40 is transversely arranged across the figure and a data line 42 is disposed substantially perpendicular to the gate line 40. A common line 50 is also transversely arranged across the figure parallel with the gate line 40 and is spaced apart from the gate line 40. The gate line 40, the common line 50 and the data line 42 define a pixel region P on the array substrate. A thin film transistor (TFT) is disposed at a corner of the pixel region P near the crossing of the gate line 40 and data line 42.
In each pixel, three common electrodes 44 extend perpendicularly from the common line 50, and two of the common electrodes 44 are disposed next to the data line 42 and the data line of another pixel, respectively. A pixel connecting line 48 that electrically connects to the TFT T is disposed next to the gate line 40 and is parallel with the gate line 40. Pixel electrodes 46 extend perpendicularly from the pixel connecting line 48. Each of the pixel electrodes 46 is disposed between two of the common electrodes 44 and are parallel with the data line 42. Each of areas "I" between the respective common electrodes 44 and the respective pixel electrodes 46 is defined as a block where the liquid crystal molecules are re-arranged by an electric field. As shown in FIG. 2, there can be four blocks in one pixel.
The IPS-LCD device shown in FIG. 2 re-arranges and operates the liquid crystal molecules using an electric field generated that is parallel with the array substrate. Thus, the IPS-LCD device can provide a wide viewing angle as opposed to an LCD device using an electric field that is perpendicular to the array substrate. Recently, modifications to the IPS-LCD device have been researched for further increasing the viewing angle.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an array substrate having multiple domains according to another related art IPS-LCD device. Some detailed explanations, especially those previously explained in reference to FIG. 2, will be omitted with regard to FIG. 3 to prevent duplicate explanations. As shown in FIG. 3, a pixel connecting line 58 is disposed over a common line 60. Common electrodes 54 and pixel electrodes 56 extend in an up-and-down direction from the common line 60 and pixel connecting line 58, respectively. Both the common electrodes 54 and pixel electrodes 56 have a zigzag shape with plural bent portions that alternate with each other. However, corresponding portions of the common electrode 54 and pixel electrodes 56 are parallel to each other. The zigzag shape defines the multiple domains in the pixel regions that are symmetrical to the bent portions of the common electrode 54 and pixel electrode 56. This zigzag shape with multiple domains further improves the viewing angle as compared to the straight shape shown in FIG. 2.
Moreover, the pixel connecting line 58 overlaps the common line 60, as shown in FIG. 3, so that an overlapped area becomes a storage capacitor CST. More particularly, the pixel connecting line 58 acts as one electrode of the storage capacitor CST, while the overlapped portion of the common line 60 acts as the other electrode of the storage capacitor CST. One of the pixel electrodes 56 of the pixel is connected to a drain electrode 62 so that all of the pixel electrodes 56 can electrically communicate with the TFT T. However, the IPS-LCD device having the above-mentioned multi domains has a problem of color shift depending on the viewing angles, because the liquid crystal molecules have long and thin shapes.
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a viewing angle of the IPS-LCD device having the zigzag structure shown in FIG. 3. The IPS-LCD device having the zigzag-shaped common electrode and pixel electrode can have an improved viewing angles in the directions of ±90 and ±180 degrees, i.e., in right-and-left and up-and-down directions, as illustrated by references "IVa" and "IVb" in FIG. 4. However, the viewing angles are degraded in the directions of ±45 and ±135 degrees, i.e., in diagonal directions, as illustrated by references "IVc" and "IVd" in FIG. 4. Further, color shift also occurs depending on the viewing angles or directions.
When the voltages applied across the common electrode and pixel electrode generate the electric fields between the common electrode and pixel electrode, the liquid crystal molecules rotate about 45 degrees to re-align in accordance with the electric fields. Gray inversion can occur due to the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules. Especially, when the IPS-LCD is operated in gray mode, the IPS-LCD produces yellowish color shift in 45(+45) degrees declination with respect to the liquid crystal polarization because of the optical anisotropy properties of liquid crystal molecules. In addition, a bluish color shift in 135(−45) degrees declination with respect to the liquid crystal polarization can occur because of the optical anisotropy properties of the liquid crystal molecules.

Array substrate for in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same


Document data is constituted of a plurality of objects different in attribution, and layout information of the objects. Each object is associated with size information indicating a relation between an output area size and an object size when the document data is outputted. When the document data is outputted to an output apparatus, the magnification of each object is changed and outputted in accordance with the output area size of the document data.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus and an information processing method, particularly to an information processing apparatus and an information processing method for controlling output of a plurality of objects different in attribution to a display apparatus, a printing apparatus, and other output devices so that the objects are appropriately arranged.
2. Related Background Art
In a conventional art, a document having objects different in attributions such as a character, a diagram and an image is prepared and outputted in a document processing apparatus, and the like.
FIG. 20 is a view showing one example of data prepared in this type of document processing apparatus.
In FIG. 20, numeral 51 denotes a character object layout, and is prepared, for example, as "Welcome party". Numeral 52 denotes a diagram object and shows, for example, map information of a welcome party place. Numeral 53 denotes an image object, for example, in which a welcome party host's face is laid out. A layout processing of each object will be described hereinafter.
Additionally, the sizes of the entire document and each object are stored as document layout information in a document file. The size is represented by a length unit or a pixel number unit. Examples of the length unit include millimeter, inch (about 25.4 millimeters), point ( 1/72 inch), and the like. Moreover, the longitude and latitude of a map, and another unit which can be converted to the length unit are used in some cases.
Here, for the object size, in a character object, the width and height of a character are indicated. In a diagram object, the width and height of a diagram and the thickness of a line constituting the diagram are indicated. In an image object, the width and height of an image are indicated.
Moreover, when the document is outputted to a display or a printer, the designated area of a designated page can be outputted. The display or the printer has resolution information which is represented by the number of pixels per unit length.
Furthermore, the sizes of the document and each object stored in the document file which are represented by the length unit are converted to the pixel number unit by a user's operation when the resolution of the output apparatus is determined. Additionally, the document output magnification can be designated by the user's operation during the output.
The unit by which the size of the document stored in the document file and the sizes of all the objects are represented needs to be unified as either "the length" or "the number of pixels" so that even when the document is outputted to the display or printer of any resolution, the document has the same layout.
Generally, for the document with a final purpose of the output by the printer, after the size (length unit) of a sheet for the output is determined, the document is prepared. Therefore, to maintain the layout, the size of each object needs to be represented by the length unit.
On the other hand, for the document with a final purpose of the output to the display, since the display quality of the object is influenced by the number of pixels, rather than by the length unit size, the size of the entire document and the size of each object are represented by the number of pixels in many cases.
When the layout may differ by the display and the printer for the output, each object can freely be represented by either the length unit or the pixel number unit.
In the conventional document processing system, each object is outputted with the size obtained by multiplying the size of each object stored in the document file by the document output magnification.
For example, when the resolution of the display is 72 dpi (72 pixels per inch) and the document output magnification is 100%, and when the size of a certain character object is 12 points in length and width, this character object is displayed with 12 pixels in length and width. When the document output magnification is 50%, the character object is displayed with six pixels in length and width.
Moreover, when the resolution of the display is 96 dpi (96 pixels per inch) and the document output magnification is 100%, and when the size of a certain character object is 12 points in length and width, this character object is displayed with 16 pixels in length and width. When the document output magnification is 50%, the character object is displayed with eight pixels in length and width.
In the conventional document processing apparatus, during the reduction and output of the document, when the object output size is excessively small, it becomes difficult for the user to refer to the object output result and distinguish the information.
Moreover, in some cases, it is easier to see the output result when only the important information is clearly outputted and other information is erased, than when many objects with non-distinguishable information are congested and present in a reduced small document area.
Additionally, as one example of the conventional document processing apparatus or document processing system, control is performed so that the object reduced to a size less than a predetermined size is prevented from being outputted among the objects, so that the output result can be seen more easily.
Moreover, as another example of the conventional document processing system, the object is outputted with a constant size irrespective of the enlargement/reduction of the document, so that the object information can constantly be distinguished.
However, in the conventional document processing system, there is a problem that a fine output size cannot be designated in an arbitrary object unit.
Moreover, in the conventional document processing system, there is a problem that a fine output size cannot be designated in an arbitrary enlargement/reduction magnification.

Information processing apparatus and information processing method for processing document data having a plurality of objects different in attribution


A vehicle information display apparatus receives multiple pieces of information on mobile vehicles, determines degrees of importance of the individual pieces of information according to specific conditions, and displays symbols of only those mobile vehicles of which importance falls within a predefined range or symbols of only a specific number of mobile vehicles selected according to their importance in graphic form with enhanced visibility.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a display apparatus for simultaneously displaying multiple pieces of information on mobile units (vehicles), such as their positions. More particularly, the invention pertains to a vehicle information display apparatus for displaying necessary pieces of information on vehicles with high visibility. The following discussion deals with a case where such a vehicle information display apparatus is installed on a vessel.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Installation of a system named a universal shipborne automatic identification system (AIS) has been compulsorily required on large vessels from July 2002 to assist in avoiding collisions between the vessels and thereby promote the safety of life at sea.
An important function of the AIS is to broadcast at specific intervals various items of information, such as the position of own ship (prime vehicle), navigational information including voyage information, as well as vessel-related information including vessel name and cargo type. Another important function of the AIS is to receive such information broadcast from other vessels and extract needed pieces of information.
Carriage of an automatic radar plotting aid (ARPA), on the other hand, which is already used on many vessels to aid in avoiding collisions with other target vessels (target vehicles) by use of a radar image, is mandatory on large vessels. Upon receiving target echo data from a radar, the ARPA processes the target data, automatically acquires and tracks target vehicles, calculates the degree of risk of collisions with the target vehicles, and presents target information in readily recognizable form, allowing an operator to continuously watch the movements of target vehicles. When the ARPA detects a dangerous situation, it generates a warning and enables the operator to execute a simulated "trial maneuver" to find out an own ship maneuver for avoiding the collision situation.
More specifically, the ARPA determines successive target positions from the target echo data fed from the radar, calculates relative motion (relative course and speed) of a target vehicle relative to the prime vehicle from varying relative positions of the target vehicle, and work out true motion (two-dimensional true course and speed) of the target vehicle taking into account of the velocity (vector quantity) of the prime vehicle.
An on-screen presentation of the ARPA is produced by superimposing various markings (symbols) representing target information, such as the present and predicted (calculated) positions and motions of the target vehicles, on a radar image.
It is preferable for the operator of the ARPA and the aforementioned AIS systems that any targets acquired and tracked by the ARPA (hereinafter referred to as the ARPA targets) and vessels identified by the AIS (hereinafter referred to as AIS targets) be presented on a common display in graphical form.
As stated above, installation of the AIS system has been mandated since July 2002 on a specific class of large vessels. Since this mandatory carriage requirement of the AIS system is initially limited to the large vessels, target vehicles detected by the AIS (hereinafter referred to as the AIS targets) are all large vessels at the beginning. The mandatory carriage requirement is expected to be applied to smaller vessels in the future, however. Therefore, if symbols of all the AIS targets identified by the AIS system are to be displayed on a single display, the number of target symbols displayed could be considerably large in a future time, particularly in congested areas, such as in navigable waterways and harbor areas, making it difficult to identify the individual AIS targets. Similarly, the number of symbols representing target vehicles detected by the ARPA system (hereinafter referred to as the ARPA targets) could be too large in congested areas, making it difficult to identify the individual ARPA targets.
Shown in FIG. 3C is an example of an AIS display presenting AIS targets all together, in which small squares are symbols indicating the positions of the individual AIS targets, small inverted triangles are symbols indicating the positions of individual ARPA targets, and broken lines indicate a simplified radar image of a coastline. This example shows a situation in which a large number of vessels are navigating close to the coastline of a strait. If cross-channel ferries, workboats and fishing vessels are present in such a water area, the AIS display would actually provide this kind of intricate picture.
Both the ARPA and the AIS are originally intended to enhance the safety of navigation. One problem of the conventional systems is that if all targets including those which may be ignored from the viewpoint of navigation safety are displayed, it would become difficult for an operator of a target information display system to identify important targets on which the operator should primarily focus particular attention for safe navigation.
As previously mentioned, the ARPA targets and the AIS targets are presented on a common display screen in graphical form. As a consequence, a symbol indicating the position, speed and course of an ARPA target derived from a particular target vehicle and a symbol indicating the position, speed and course of an AIS target derived from the same target vehicle are indicated at approximately the same location on the display screen, overlapping one on top of another. This overlapping of the symbols makes it difficult to recognize the position, speed and course of each target.
In addition, if part of acquisition and tracking capacity of the ARPA is used for acquiring and tracking ship targets which have already detected by the AIS system, that part of the limited capacity of the ARPA would be consumed uselessly, resulting in a reduction in the number of targets that can be acquired and tracked by the ARPA.


Message integrity in a messaging oriented middleware system is preserved by determining a message producer's level of message integrity by examination of connection details between the message producer and a messaging engine. The message producer's level of integrity is stored in a memory of the messaging engine. The message is then stored in the designated destination using the message producer's level of integrity. The message is sent from the designated destination to a consumer when it is determined that the consumer conforms to the integrity levels.

The present invention relates, in general, to messaging, and, in particular, to preserving the integrity of messages in a messaging middleware system.
In the growing market space of cloud, platform as a service (PaaS), messaging as a service (MaaS), and software as a service (SaaS), preserving the integrity of the messages from production to consumption becomes crucial. Enabling messaging as a service means that applications wanting to produce and consume messages will have no knowledge of the underlying messaging infrastructure (since it is transparent to end applications).
Transactions and Security are two important requirements to maintain the integrity of messages being exchanged between Producers and Consumers. With the asynchronous nature of messaging, a significant loophole appears in the messaging middleware where both the transaction and security of messages are ignored. The importance or business criticality of a message is always best determined by the Producer. It is the Producer who knows the value of the message being sent to the middleware with anticipation that the same integrity is maintained until the Consumer receives it.

Preserving integrity of messages in a messaging oriented middleware system

International Business Machines Corporation


A stencil printing method employs a stencil printing machine comprising: a drum which is rotatable and has a outer peripheral wall formed by an ink impermeable member and in which a stencil sheet is mounted on a surface of the outer peripheral wall; an ink supply device which has an ink supply unit provided on the outer peripheral wall of the drum and supplies ink on the surface of the outer peripheral wall from the ink supply unit; and a pressure roller which presses a fed print medium onto the outer peripheral wall; the method comprising: a step of mounting a stencil sheet on the drum; a step of plate-making the stencil sheet; and a step of transferring a water-based ink to a print medium by making the water-based ink pass through perforations of the stencil sheet.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a stencil printing method using a stencil printing machine which conveys a print medium while pressing the print medium to a drum on which a stencil sheet is mounted, and transfers ink oozing from perforations of the stencil sheet onto the print medium; and a water-based ink for stencil printing that is suitable for use in this stencil printing machine.
2. Description of Related Art
The stencil printing process, unlike printing processes such as offset printing, gravure printing, and relief printing, has ease of operation and simplicity since there is no necessity for complicated operations such as washing after use and no necessity for a specialist operator. In accordance with the use of a heat sensitive plate-making method employing a thermal head as a device, in the stencil printing process, image processing is digitized, high quality printed material can be obtained simply in a short period of time, and its convenience as an information processing terminal is therefore widely acknowledged.
Printing method of a conventional stencil printing machine include an inner press printing method (refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 7-132675) and an outer press printing method (refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-246828).
As the stencil printing ink, a water-in-oil (W/O) type emulsion ink has been generally used conventionally. W/O type emulsion inks have the function of suppressing changes in ink composition and physical properties even if the ink within the printing machine is in contact with the atmosphere when the printing machine is allowed to stand in a nonoperating state. Because of this, whereas the W/O type emulsion ink has the advantage that it has excellent storage stability, it has the problem that drying properties after printing on a print medium (substrate) such as a paper are poor.
Various improvements have been carried out in order to improve the drying properties on printed materials. For example, an ultraviolet curing type ink for stencil printing that is dried and fixed by irradiation with ultraviolet rays (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-30238) is known. Furthermore, a stencil printing method in which penetration of a water-based ink into paper is enhanced by adding a base to a printed surface immediately after printing (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-302955) is known.
However, when a drying method involving a chemical reaction is used, it is necessary to employ irradiation equipment for the curing energy, coating equipment for a reaction solution, energy therefor, etc., and it is also necessary for the ink to contain expensive starting materials.
On the other hand, in the case of a water-based ink, when the ink within a printing machine is allowed to stand for a long period of time in an open system with the printing machine in a nonoperating state, there are the problems that the water contained in the ink easily evaporates, the flowability of the ink is lost, and the composition and the physical properties of the ink change. As a result, the printing operability after the printing machine is allowed to stand for a long period of time in a nonoperating state is degraded, and printing operations cannot be carried out again without disassembling and washing the printing machine immediately after printing or immediately before resuming printing, high quality images cannot be obtained with ink that has deteriorated, and there has therefore been a desire for an improvement of these points.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a stencil printing method and a water-based ink for stencil printing that can eliminate the necessity for operations such as washing even when a printing machine is allowed to stand for a long period of time in a nonoperating state, enable the same printing performance as that prior to being left standing to be obtained even after the printing machine has been allowed to stand for a long period of time, and gives printed material having excellent drying properties and excellent image properties without employing special means, equipment, energy, etc. such as applying heat, light, or a reactive material.

Stencil printing method for printing water-based ink


A method for limiting usage of an application on a mobile terminal is provided. In an implementation, a usage limitation condition is preset for the application, where the usage limitation condition includes at least one of a geographical location, a time, and a network condition of the mobile terminal. A current operation environment corresponding to the usage limitation condition is obtained in response to receiving an input operation of a user. Usage of the application is limited when the operation environment meets the usage limitation condition, and the application is normally used when the operation environment does not meet the usage limitation condition.

With large-scale popularity of mobile terminals such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a handheld device (such as a PDA (personal digital assistant) and an MP4 player), and a wearable device (such as a smart band, a smartwatch, and smart glasses) having a mobile communication function, people's life becomes more convenient. Especially, diverse applications (also referred to as an APP, Application) on a mobile terminal make life funny. However, a user may be indulged, and therefore normal working and learning are affected, and adverse impact such as "mobile phone dependence" is generated. Therefore, usage of an application needs to be limited.
In the prior art, a visitor mode or a child mode may be set on an operating system layer of a mobile terminal, so that some applications are invisible and therefore cannot be used in this mode. However, the inventor finds that this limitation is of a single form and not flexible enough, and a capability of human-computer interaction between the mobile terminal and a user is impaired. Therefore, the mobile terminal processes a transaction with quite low efficiency. At a layer of a single application, a "study mode" may be set, that is, a user is prohibited from exiting from the application in a period of time. Forms of the two methods are single, and therefore, diverse management of applications cannot be implemented.

Method for limiting usage of application, and terminal