A drainage system for removing groundwater from underneath a water impervious surface including a first housing located below grade having a continuous sidewall, a floor, an open top extending to or through the surface through which stormwater collecting on the surface may enter into the housing, an outlet extending through the sidewall immediately adjacent to the floor and an inlet through the sidewall. A locking ring is fixed within the inlet, and a drain wick is coupled to the locking ring, the drain wick being configured for collecting groundwater underneath the surface and directing the groundwater through the inlet and into the housing. The drain wick includes a pipe having and plurality of radial openings, a perforated first end cap, a second end including screen and a locking nut configured for coupling to the locking ring and a filter bag located between the screen and end cap.

Stormwater is water that originates during precipitation events and snow/ice melt. Stormwater can soak into the soil (infiltrate), be held on the surface and evaporate, or runoff and end up in nearby streams, rivers, or other water bodies (surface water). Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub-surface water from an area with excess of water.
A stormwater drain is infrastructure designed to drain excess rain and ground water from impervious surfaces such as paved streets, car parks, parking lots, footpaths, sidewalks, and roofs. Storm drains vary in design from small residential dry wells to large municipal systems. Drains receive water from street gutters on most motorways, freeways and other busy roads, as well as towns in areas with heavy rainfall that leads to flooding, and coastal towns with regular storms. Many storm drainage systems are gravity sewers that drain untreated storm water into rivers or streams.
There are two main types of stormwater drain inlets: side inlets and grated inlets. Side inlets are located adjacent to the curb and rely on the ability of the opening under the back stone or lintel to capture flow. They are usually depressed at the invert of the channel to improve capture capacity. Grated inlets have gratings or grids to prevent people, vehicles, large objects or debris from falling into the storm drain. Grate bars are spaced so that the flow of water is not impeded, but sediment and many small objects can also fall through. Storm drains in streets and parking areas must be strong enough to support the weight of vehicles, and are often made of cast iron or reinforced concrete.
Most drains have a single large exit at their point of discharge (often covered by a grating) into a canal, river, lake, reservoir, sea or ocean. Other than catchbasins, typically there are no treatment facilities in the piping system. Small storm drains may discharge into individual dry wells. Storm drains may be interconnected using slotted pipe, to make a larger dry well system. Storm drains may discharge into man-made excavations known as recharge basins or retention ponds.
Pipes are used to carry water between drain inlets and exits. Pipe can come in many different cross-sectional shapes (rectangular, square, bread-loaf-shaped, oval, inverted pear-shaped, egg shaped, and most commonly, circular). Pipes made of different materials can also be used, such as brick, concrete, high-density polyethylene or galvanized steel. Fiber reinforced plastic is being used more commonly for drain pipes and fittings.
A catch basin or storm drain is a curbside drain with the sole function of collecting rainwater from properties and streets and transporting it to local waterways through a system of underground piping, culverts and/or drainage ditches. Storm drains can also be found in parking lots and serve the same purpose.
A manhole is the opening to a confined space such as a large vessel, a shaft or a utility vault (often used to house an access point for making connections, inspection, valve adjustments or performing maintenance on underground and buried public utility and other services including water, sewers, telephone, electricity, storm drains, district heating and gas). Manhole closings are protected by a grating or manhole cover, a flat plug designed to prevent accidental or unauthorized access to the manhole. Those plugs are traditionally made of metal, but may be constructed from precast concrete, or glass reinforced plastic. Manholes are usually outfitted with metal, polypropylene, or fiberglass steps installed in the inner side of the wall to allow easy descent into the utility space. The access openings are usually circular in shape to prevent accidental fall of the cover into the hole. Manholes are generally found in urban areas, in streets and occasionally under sidewalks.
The base course or basecourse in pavements is a layer of material in an asphalt roadway, race track, riding arena, or sporting field. It is located under the surface layer consisting of the wearing course and sometimes an extra binder course.
A spring line is an imaginary horizontal reference line located at mid-height, or halfway point, of a circular conduit, pipe, tunnel, or the point at which the side walls are vertical on a horseshoe-shaped conduit. Also the maximum horizontal dimension or diameter of a circular conduit, pipe, or tunnel.


The invention relates to a ceramic metal halide lamp having a ceramic discharge vessel, characterized in that the discharge vessel encloses a discharge space which comprises an electrode, which electrode is electrically connected to a conductor outside the discharge vessel by means of a feedthrough comprising an Ir wire, the feedthrough being gas-tight mounted in an extended plug, also referred to as vup, of the discharge vessel, the feedthrough comprising an electrode—feedthrough combination made up of at least three parts with a W or W—Re rod or a Mo or Mo alloy wire extending out of the vup for burner mounting, which W or W—Re or MO or MO alloy wire is welded to the Ir wire.

Such a lamp is known from WO2008075273. In the known ceramic discharge metal halide (abbreviated as CDM) lamp, iridium (Ir) is used as feedthrough wire. The Ir feedthrough is co-sintered with the poly-crystalline-alumina (=PCA) envelope at high temperature. After final sintering, the mechanical properties of Ir are very poor, i.e. brittle, low tensile strength.
In classical CDM burners for ceramic metal halide lamps a Nb (niobium) feedthrough wire protrudes from the PCA and can easily be used to mount the burner in the lamp in a classical way. However, in the said known concept, due to the poor mechanical properties of Ir, the disadvantage occurs that the classical way of mounting the burner in a lamp is not possible. Solutions can be found in splitting up the functions of the feedthrough wire into:    1. current conducting function    2. mechanical mounting function.
However, this leads to the disadvantage of relatively complicated constructions. Thus, hitherto it has been attempted to solve the technical problem of mounting in the known lamps by using the classical way of mounting. Furthermore, the way in which Ir wire is used in known lamps involves the disadvantage that known lamps are relatively expensive.

Ceramic metal halide lamp with feedthrough comprising an iridium wire


A heat radiation shielding component dispersion contains fine hexaboride particles and a polymer type dispersant in which the fine hexaboride particles are dispersed. The polymer type dispersant is mixed in the fine hexaboride particles in a proportion of from 0.3 part by weight or more to less than 50 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the fine hexaboride particles, and the dispersion does substantially not contain any organic solvent. A process for preparing the heat radiation shielding component dispersion is characterized by adding the polymer type dispersant to a dispersion in which fine hexaboride particles have been dispersed in an organic solvent, in a mixing proportion of from 0.3 part by weight or more to less than 50 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the fine hexaboride particles, and thereafter removing the organic solvent.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a heat radiation shielding component dispersion used in producing heat radiation shielding forms (extruded or molded forms) containing a heat radiation shielding component, or producing heat radiation shielding products such as heat radiation shielding films formed by coating on transparent substrates of various types such as glass and resin a heat radiation shielding film forming coating liquid, and also relates to a process for preparing such a dispersion. More particularly, this invention relates to a heat radiation shielding component dispersion that can be free of any various restrictions as a dangerous object during transportation and also can not easily cause formation of a sediment caused by agglomeration of the heat radiation shielding component during storage, and relates to a process for preparing such a dispersion, and a heat radiation shielding film forming coating liquid, a heat radiation shielding film and a heat radiation shielding resin form which are obtained using such a dispersion.
2. Description of the Related Art
Solar radiations which enter various buildings and vehicles through their "openings" such as windows and doors include visible-light rays and besides ultraviolet radiations and infrared radiations. Among the infrared radiations included in such solar radiations, near-infrared radiations of 800 to 2,500 nm in wavelength are called heat radiations, and enter through the opening to cause a temperature rise in the room. In order to avoid such a temperature rise, in recent years, in the field of window materials for various buildings and vehicles, there is a rapid increase in demand for heat radiation shielding products which can shield heat radiations while taking in visible-light rays sufficiently and can prevent the temperature rise in the room while keeping brightness. Patents concerning such heat radiation shielding products are proposed in a large number.
For example, a heat radiation shielding sheet is proposed in which a heat radiation reflecting film comprising a transparent resin film on which a metal or a metal oxide has been vacuum-deposited is bonded to a transparent substrate such as a glass sheet, an acrylic sheet or a polycarbonate sheet (see Japanese Patent Applications Laid-open No. 61-277437, No. 10-146919, No. 2001-179887, etc.). However, this heat radiation reflecting film has a disadvantage that the film itself is very expensive and also requires a complicate process having a bonding step and so forth, resulting in a high cost. In addition, the heat radiation shielding sheet has a disadvantage that the adherence between the transparent substrate and the heat radiation reflecting film is not so good as to cause peeling of the film as a result of changes with time.
Heat radiation shielding sheets in which metals or metal oxides are directly vacuum-deposited on the surfaces of transparent substrates are also proposed in a large number. These, however, have a problem that, in producing such heat radiation shielding sheets, an apparatus is necessary which requires environment control in a high vacuum and in a high precision, resulting in a bad mass productivity and poor general-purpose properties.
Besides, also proposed are, e.g., a heat radiation shielding sheet, and a film used therefor, in which an organic infrared absorber typified by a phthalocyanine compound or an anthraquinone compound is kneaded into a thermoplastic transparent resin such as polyethylene terephthalate resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, polyethylene resin or polystyrene resin (see Japanese Patent Applications Laid-open No. 6-256541, No. 6-264050, etc.). However, in order to shield the heat radiations sufficiently, the infrared absorber must be mixed in a large quantity. Its mixing in a large quantity leaves a problem that the ability to transmit visible light rays may lower. Also, since an organic compound is used, their use in window materials or the like for buildings and vehicles which are always directly exposed to sunlight involves a difficulty in weatherability, and can not necessarily said to be appropriate.
Further proposed is, e.g., a heat radiation shielding sheet in which inorganic particles of titanium oxide having heat radiation reflectivity or mica or the like coated with titanium oxide are kneaded into a transparent resin such as acrylic resin or polycarbonate resin (see Japanese Patent Applications Laid-open No. 5-78544, No. 2-173060, etc). Such a sheet, however, requires addition of heat radiation reflecting particles in a large quantity in order to improve heat radiation shielding power, so that the visible-light transmission properties may lower with an increase in the quantity of the heat radiation reflecting particles mixed. On the other hand, the addition of heat radiation reflecting particles in a small quantity may bring an improvement in the visible-light transmission power but may result in a low heat radiation shielding power. Thus, there has been a problem that it is difficult to satisfy the heat radiation shielding power and the visible-light transmission power simultaneously. In addition, the mixing of heat radiation reflecting particles in a large quantity involves a problem in view of strength that substrates transparent resins may have low physical properties, in particular, a low impact resistance and a low toughness.
Under such technical backgrounds, the present applicants have taken note of hexaborides, which have free electrons in a large quantity, and have already proposed i) a heat radiation shielding film forming coating liquid having been so made up that fine particles of this hexaboride are dispersed as a heat radiation shielding component in an organic solvent and a binder of various types is added thereto, and ii) a heat radiation shielding film obtained by coating a transparent substrate of various types with this coating liquid, followed by curing (see Japanese Patent Applications Laid-open No. 11-181336, No. 2000-96034 and No. 2000-169765).
However, in such a technique, the coating liquid is made up presuposing a form in which the fine hexaboride particles are dispersed in an organic solvent. In this relation, there has been a problem that heat radiation shielding film forming coating liquids are handled as dangerous objects according to the Fire Services Act and are restricted in variety when the heat radiation shielding film forming coating liquids are transported, resulting in relatively high transportation cost.
As another problem, when dispersions in which the fine hexaboride particles stand dispersed as a heat radiation shielding component in an organic solvent are stored for a long term, the fine particles tend to agglomerate one another because of the Brown movement of fine particles (colloid particles) to cause a sediment in some cases.
As still another problem, when the fine hexaboride particles are kneaded into a transparent resin material to make an extruded or molded form, the fine hexaboride particles must uniformly be kneaded into the transparent resin material, removing the organic solvent in the state the fine hexaboride particles are dispersed in the solvent, and hence this can not necessarily be said to be the best method because the equipment and process used must be complicate.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Heat radiation shielding component dispersion, process for its preparation and heat radiation shielding film forming coating liquid, heat radiation shielding film and heat radiation shielding resin form which are obtained using the dispersion


A hydraulic modulator provides a rectangular outlet from which water can be discharged across an outlet mouth. Spaced from the rectangular outlet across the outlet mouth is a rigid blade. Because water is effectively incompressible at the frequencies of interest a compliance chamber is provided along an interior side of the rigid blade. Mechanical compliance elements are provided within or adjacent to the compliance chamber which may be displaced to absorb and discharge mechanical energy from the flow of water. Water flow shifts back and forth relative to the interior and exterior sides of the rigid blade.

1. Technical Field
The field relates to modulation of water flow for the generation of sound.
2. Description of the Problem
Underwater Sound Sources Designed Around Helmholtz-Resonator Like configurations are known. Since water is substantially incompressible, the compliance function of a Helmholtz resonance chamber is implemented by adaptation of the resonance chamber into a "compliance chamber." This has been done by providing "compliance tubes" in the chambers among other techniques. Unlike what occurs where a compressible fluid/gas fills a resonance chamber, it is not chamber size which determines chamber compliance due to compressibility of the gas, but rather the compressibility of the compliance tubes. See Woollett, Ralph S.; Underwater Helmholtz-Resonator Transducers: General Design Principles; Naval Underwater Systems Center; NUSC Technical Report 5633 (5 Jul. 1977). Such systems have been designed using ceramic piezoelectric transducers as an excitation source to radiate sound at frequencies below 100 Hz even while the transducer operates at a much higher frequency. These devices function to provide a strong output peak at a Helmholtz like resonance, however, the greatest energy input is at the resonant frequency of the transducer.
Another technique for producing sound in liquids, in this case ultrasonic sound, has been the so-called underwater whistle. An example of such a system is described in Gaffney, U.S. Pat. No. 4,675,194. The '194 patent describes a device in which streams of liquids are directed through an orifice into a resonance chamber to impinge against a "vibratile element." Energy is transferred from the stream to the vibratile element which results in the vibratile element vibrating at ultrasonic frequencies. The vibratile element is constructed in the form of a blade which is positioned oriented parallel to and aimed into the directed streams of liquid. The sound generated by the blade promotes reactions between materials carried in the streams. A positive displacement pump is generally used to place the liquid under pressure for discharge. The jets of liquid from the orifice also shed vortices perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow and generate cavitation effects. Most underwater whistles appear to have been applied to promoting mixing of different materials through ultrasonic agitation.


In an embodiment, the disclosure includes an apparatus comprising a data store which comprises cost data associated with use of a path in a communications network. The data store also comprises power consumption data associated with the use of the path. The apparatus further comprises at least one processor configured to determine a score for the path based on the cost data and the power consumption data. The disclosure also includes an apparatus comprising a path computation element (PCE) configured to receive data from a plurality of network elements (NEs). The data comprises cost and power consumption data for establishing a path between a plurality of the NEs. The PCE is configured to determine a score for the path based on the cost and power consumption data.

Large scale networks typically comprise many client machines connected to a multi-tiered web of interconnected network elements (NEs). Typically, multiple redundant NEs are present to function as backup systems for each other. In the event that any one NE ceases to function properly, a redundant NE can quickly accept the failed NEs data traffic so that the network can continue to function normally.
Data traffic between client machines is typically routed through the network based solely on a cost algorithm. The cost algorithm may include a variety of metrics meant to represent system delay and reliability. A typical cost algorithm does not include any metric related to the power usage of the network. The result is that traditional cost-only routing ignores energy efficiency and may require a network to function in a manner that is grossly energy inefficient. For example, two data paths may be routed through two NEs even though one NE could handle both routes and allow the other NE to be placed in a hibernation mode. Due to the ever increasing cost of energy and the constant demand for increased communication bandwidth, the adoption of energy efficient processes may save telecommunication service providers from significant monetary waste.
Existing processes are incapable of gathering power consumption data for a network at different network states in a consistent and useful format. Without sufficient power consumption data for the network, intelligent routing decisions for increased energy efficiency cannot be made. Without consistent energy efficiency metrics, any new data paths are setup without regard to energy cost, and existing traffic cannot be transferred to more optimal data paths as system demands change.

Greening the network with the power consumption statuses of network components


A wheel balancing weight has a mass body with a groove in a first face and a groove surface recessed to a groove depth relative to the first face and has groove walls opposite one another across the groove. Blind slots have a slot depth greater than the groove depth and are formed at least partly into the groove surface and intersect each side wall. An attachment clip has a clip portion and an attachment portion with a pair of opposed side edges. A protruding element protrudes outward from each side edge. The attachment portion is seated in the groove between the groove walls such that each protruding element extends at least partly into one of the slots to a depth beyond the groove depth. Mass body material adjacent the groove walls is deformed and overlies portions of the side edges and protruding elements on the attachment portion.

1. Field of the Disclosure
The present disclosure is generally directed to vehicle wheel balancing weights, and more particularly to attachment arrangements and methods for joining and securing a mounting clip and a mass body of a wheel balancing weight for vehicular tire and wheel assemblies.
2. Description of Related Art
There are many different types and designs of balancing weights for vehicle wheels. Most such wheel weights have a weighted body or mass body that is provided in a specific weight to offset a rolling weight imbalance in a wheel rim and tire assembly. These types of wheel weights are typically mounted to part of the wheel rim. Many wheel weights have a mounting clip or attachment clip that is connected to the mass body. The attachment clip is also configured to attach or mount the wheel weight to the wheel rim.
There are many different known attachment or joint configurations and manufacturing methods to connect a mounting clip to a mass body when assembling or creating a wheel balancing weight. When the mass body and attachment clip are formed as two separate components and assembled, the joint or connection should be substantial and strong enough so that the two parts do not detach from one another during normal use. The joint or connection between the two components should be strong and durable in multiple force directions, depending on the joint arrangement.
The attachment clip is also typically used to attach the wheel weight to a rim flange of the vehicle wheel rim. However, some wheel weights attach to the wheel rim at other locations and by other means, such as by adhesive. The mass bodies are typically positioned to add a specified, predetermined amount of weight or mass to a circumferentially specific point on a wheel rim to counter any imbalance in the wheel, tire, or both.
One general type of attachment method and joint construction for a wheel weight is known and commonly used. This method and joint construction includes forming a recessed groove in a face of a mass body. The attachment clip is formed having a clip portion with an attachment or mounting portion that is sized to fit and seat in the groove. It is known that the attachment portion and mass body can be adhered, joined, or otherwise affixed to one another. In some wheel weights, the attachment portion can be welded to the mass body within the groove.
In other wheel weights, the material adjacent the walls defining the groove in the mass body can be swaged, stamped, crimped, pressed, or otherwise worked. The mass body can be worked so as to cause material of the mass body adjacent to the groove to flow and overlie and/or interfere with parts of the attachment portion. In some wheel weight designs, it is known to provide the attachment portion with teeth or indentations that engage similar shapes or flowed or worked material on the mass body to secure the two components together.

Wheel balancing weight and method of manufacture


A novelty candle includes an exterior meltable body made of wax which has a first predetermined configuration, such as a human hand, and in interior body formed of a generally non-meltable material, such as a stone-like material, is embedded within the hand. The interior body, in the form of skeletal components of a human hand is smaller than but otherwise substantially corresponds to the shape of the hand. One or more wicks are used to gradually burn and/or melt away the outer wax shell or layer to gradually expose the skeletal components. A surface coloration coating may be used on the wax shell to simulate the skin of a hand, and the wax may be given a color, such as red, to simulate blood when the outer shell melts and drips on the portion of the hand that remains. A candle is also described in the form of a coffin made of wax which gradually exposes a skeleton when the wicks of the candle are lit and the coffin melts away.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention generally relates to candle-related novelties and, more specifically, to candle sculptures of objects with initially concealed related objects.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A number of patents disclose a free-standing form which reveals a concealed item within a candle, which can only be viewed after the candle has been consumed. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,682,947 issued to Luken Jr., et al. discloses a candle, which, upon burning, forms a decorative, aesthetically pleasing free-standing shell having a filigree or lace-like pattern. This decorative candle is formed by processing the candle in accordance with the patent, including carefully selecting the dimensions of the wick, candle diameter, etc. The candle does not have a solid or non-flammable or non-meltable structure concealed within the wax which becomes exposed upon the burning of the wax. The candle disclosed consists of a fatty acid fuel composition, predominantly stearic acid and palmitic acid. To obtain the desired decorative effect, the ratio of the wick size of the candle diameter is maintained at 12 or 19 plies per inch.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,696,640 issued to Pitchford discloses a fortune candle which contains a fire-proof, leak-proof container which houses a personalize message therein. The message may be a fortune, words of endearment, or a game token and/or a coupon redeemable for a prize. The prize container is initially hidden from the viewer. The candle is consumed until such time as the container or token is revealed. Alternatively, the candle can have a strip extending along the longitudinal axis of the candle which is gradually exposed as the candle burns. Additional portions of the message of the strip become readable as the candle burns. This patent discloses, therefore, either an embedded container or a flat strip which bears writing. However, the candle is a standard upright candle having a generally uniform circular cross section and the configuration of the candle has no bearing or relationship whatsoever to the shape or configuration of the embedded container or the strip on which writing has been provided.
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,428,409 issued to Summers, a rigid core-wick is disclosed. However, the core is primarily provided for insuring dripless burning and for preventing the candle from bending in high ambient heat. The rigid core is also intended to prevent sagging of the candle during burning. However, the core itself is typically made of a higher melting material which, however, is ultimately likewise consumed and does not otherwise affect the burning characteristics of the candle. Once the candle has been consumed, the internal rigid core like in the patent to Pitchford, bears no physical configurational relationship with the external shape of the candle. In the disclosed patent, both the rigid core as well as the external candle configuration are both cylindrical and have no other functional or esthetic relationship.

Candle sculpture for exposing a non-flammable object


A method may be present for sending shot onto a surface. A stream of shot may be directed into an inlet of a nozzle. The stream of shot may be redirected to form a plurality of streams of shot within the nozzle. The plurality of streams of shot may be directed out of a plurality of outputs of the nozzle.

1. Field
The present disclosure relates generally to manufacturing and in particular to a method and apparatus for processing metal components. Still more particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for performing shot peening on of metal components.
2. Background
In manufacturing various components, it may be desirable to improve the properties of the material. One process that may be performed on a metal material may be peening. Peening may be a process of working a surface of a metal to change the properties of the metal. Typically, the change may be an improvement to the properties of the metal. Peening may be performed using a mechanical means such as, for example, without limitation, blows by a hammer, shot peening, and laser peening.
With shot peening, a surface of a metal material may be impacted with shot to produce a compressive residual stress layer and modify mechanical properties of the metal. The impact of the shot may occur with a force sufficient to create plastic deformation. This type of process may be performed using shot in the form of, for example, without limitation, round metal particles, glass particles, ceramic particles, or other suitable particles.
Shot peening a surface may cause changes in the mechanical properties and may be performed in manufacturing aircraft parts and aircraft repairs. Shot peening may be performed to relieve tensile stresses that may build up in various components and replace those stresses with beneficial compressive stresses. Shot peening may be performed on various surfaces of an aircraft part such as, for example, without limitation, a wing, a tail, a fuselage, or part thereof, or some other surface or portion of a surface of an aircraft.
Shot peening may be performed using booths and/or computer-controlled systems. This type of shot peening may be referred to as an automated shot peening operation. Manual shot peening also may be performed by operators and may be used when the particular aircraft part may be too large and/or irregular in shape to fit within a booth and/or to be processed by a computer-controlled system. Further, manual shot peening may be performed as a touch-up in addition to automated shot peening to process an area or portion of a surface that was not shot peened by a computer-controlled system.
Manually performing shot peening may be laborious and time-consuming. For example, when shot peening is performed on an edge of a wing skin, portable equipment for performing shot peening may be used in which a stream of shot may be directed towards the edge and/or other portion.
Currently, lower air pressures may be used to perform shot peening, such as, for example, without limitation, around 12 pounds per square inch to around 15 pounds per square inch. If the air pressure increases too much, the force at which the shot impacts the surface of the metal material may be greater than desired. With a lower amount of air pressure, the amount of shot media that can be introduced into the air stream is limited, and the time needed to perform shot peening is greater than with a higher air pressure.
Therefore, it would be advantageous to have a method and apparatus that overcomes the problems described above, as well as other problems.


Embodiments include methods for discontinuous reception (DRX) performed by a wireless device. Such methods include receiving, from an access node while operating in idle mode, a first set of beams during operative instants of at least one DRX cycle according to a first DRX cycle pattern. Such methods include determining reception quality metrics for respective beams of the first set and determining a second DRX cycle pattern based on the reception quality metrics. Such methods include receiving, from the access node while operating in idle mode, a second set of beams during operative instants of a subsequent DRX cycle according to the second DRX cycle pattern. Other embodiments include wireless devices configured to perform such methods and computer-readable media storing program code that embody such methods.

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP, is responsible for standardization within the field of mobile telecommunication systems, e.g., for the standardization of the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, UMTS, and Long Term Evolution, LTE. LTE is a continuously evolving technology for realizing high-speed packet-based communication that can reach high data rates both in the downlink and in the uplink; LTE allows for a system bandwidth of 20 MHz or up to 100 MHz when carrier aggregation is employed. In parallel to the LTE evolution, a new generation of cellular technology—New Radio, NR, is being developed, as part of a 5th generation system, 5G. One of the tasks for 5G is to improve throughput and capacity compared to LTE. This is in part to be achieved by moving to higher carrier frequencies where available spectrum exists, and increasing the sampling rate and bandwidth per carrier.
In mobile telecommunication systems a wireless device, also known as user equipment, UE, is wirelessly connected to a radio access node, also known as radio base station, RBS, capable of transmitting radio signals to the wireless device and receiving signals transmitted by the wireless device.
Future cellular technology, e.g., is expected to use advanced antenna systems to a large extent. With such antennas, signals will be transmitted in narrow transmission beams to increase signal strength in some directions, and/or to reduce interference in other directions. The beamforming will enable high data rate transmission coverage also to very distant users. Beamforming may be used at the transmitter, at the receiver, or both, e.g., by using a large antenna array at the access node and a small number of antennas at the wireless device.
In idle mode in a cellular system, the wireless device need to monitor paging in order to determine whether there is data to be received. As previously mentioned, NR will use advanced antenna systems containing large antenna arrays for data transmission. A use of antenna arrays is necessary to ensure sufficient link quality in high-frequency deployments where each individual antenna element aperture is small and does not capture sufficient signal energy. Coherent aligning of the antenna elements give rise to effective beam gain and beam directivity in a desired direction. With such antenna arrays, data signals will be transmitted in narrow beams to increase signal strength in some directions, and/or to reduce interference in other directions. This is done to obtain enable spatial separation and reduce interference between users to obtain improved link quality.
While usage of large arrays with beamforming is usually viewed as a desirable phenomenon when transmitting data between one or more access nodes and designated wireless devices, not all types of signals are suitable for being transmitted employing directive beams. The benefits of beamforming is absent for information distribution of unsolicited data to idle mode wireless devices, e.g., for paging transmission, synchronization signal transmission, or for other types of broadcast transmissions. For such scenarios, a technique of employing so-called beam sweeping is considered where several directive beams are swept over a larger area. The beam sweep is performed by rotating through beams in one or two dimensions, e.g., rotating through beams that are narrow in azimuth and wide in elevation or rotating through beams that are narrow in both elevation and azimuth.
However, there are drawbacks and restrictions also when using beam sweeping. Typically, where beam sweeping is employed, for example by pointing directive beams in an arbitrary order, toward one or more receiving wireless devices, e.g., during paging, neither the receiving wireless device nor the beam sweeping access node is generally aware of which of the beams in the sweep that is best heard by the wireless device. Consequently, time and energy consumption to successfully receive the beam sweep content may be significant.

Device and method for controlling idle mode discontinuous reception


A stack of a plurality of cellulose-containing absorbent towels for a dispenser is provided. The towels are separable upon dispensing. The stack is compressed to a predetermined density dependent on material choice.

Transportation of tissue paper bundles and similar products, folded or un-folded, includes transportation of substantial amounts of air between the sheets and plies of the products. Typically, densities for common dry crepe and TAD (Through Air Dried) in folded products range up to around 0.19 g/cm3 and 0.15 g/cm3 respectively.
For folded products, typical high end data for density is in the ranges:                Wet crepe: 0.26 g/cm3         Dry crepe: 0.19 g/cm3         TAD: 0.15 g/cm3         NW: 0.18 g/cm3
It has been a long-felt need to reduce the bulk of stacks of cellulose-containing hand towels. Some attempts have been made to compress the stack of hand towels and then wrap them with an enclosure wrap to keep them in somewhat compressed state during transportation and storage. This is known from for instance EP 1 860 033 A1.

Stack of a plurality of cellulose-containing absorbent towels and a process for manufacturing the stack


A pull-out guide assembly includes a support rail to be mounted on an article of furniture, a pull-out rail to be mounted on a drawer, and an intermediate rail positioned between the support rail and the pull-out rail. A driving roller is mounted on the intermediate rail and runs on running flanges of the support rail and pull-out rail. A locking device on the intermediate rail couples the intermediate rail to the pull-out rail during a rear portion of displacement movement of the pull-out rail into the article of furniture. A closing device is provided on one of the rails to move the intermediate rail and the pull-out rail that is coupled thereto by the locking device to a rearmost position. A clearance is defined and created between the driving roller and the running flange of the support rail to prevent operation of the driving roller during a rear portion of movement of the pull-out rail.

The invention relates to a pull-out guide assembly for a drawer and including a supporting rail to be attached to a furniture wall, at pull-out rail to be attached to the drawer, and an intermediate rail arranged between such two rails on each side of the drawer. Rollers are arranged between the rails and transmit the load of the drawer between the rails. A locking device is mounted on the intermediate rail on at least one side of the drawer by means of which the intermediate rail and the pull-out rail can be coupled during a rear part of their displacement. A closing device preferably is mounted on the support rail and engages the intermediate rail in the rear part of its displacement to move the intermediate rail together with the pull-out rail coupled thereto into a rearmost position when the drawer is inserted.
EP 0 548 706 A1 discloses a pull-out guide for a drawer whereby a pull-out rail and a support rail are arranged on each side of the drawer. Rollers are mounted between the rails and transmit the load of the drawer from the pull-out rail to the support rail. A closing device is mounted on the support rail and engages the pull-out rail in the rear part of its displacement and moves the pull-out rail together with the drawer by means of a spring into its rearmost final position. This prevents a drawer which is not fully closed from protruding from the article of furniture. Further examples of such closing devices are described in EP 0 391 221 B1 and US-PS 52 07 781.
EP 0 664 984 A2 shows a differential pull-out guide for a drawer with a pull-out rail, a support rail and an intermediate rail running differentially between such two rails on each side of the drawer. The differential movement of the pull-out rails and the intermediate rails is controlled by means of a control cable. The support rail is provided with a closing device having a tilting member, which is acted upon by a spring and which engages a peg of the intermediate rail in the rear part of its displacement and moves the intermediate rail to its rearmost final position. By means of the control cable the pull-out rail is moved into the rearmost final position and the drawer is closed correctly. When the closing device engages the intermediate rail the latter is coupled to the pull-out rail. There is no relative motion between these two rails. In the front part of the displacement of the pull-out guide assembly, however, the pull-out rail, the intermediate rail and the support rail run differentially with respect to each other.


Charging system for implantable hearing aids and tinnitus maskers with a repeatedly rechargeable direct voltage source. The charging system comprises an implantable receiving resonant circuit as the electrical energy source for the direct voltage source to be charged and a transmitting resonant circuit located outside the body that can be inductively coupled with the receiving resonant circuit for power transmission from outside the body to inside the body. Embodiments are provided for transcutaneous and for percutaneous power transmission between the implantable receiving resonant circuit and the external transmitting resonant circuit.

The invention relates to a charging system for implantable hearing aids and tinnitus maskers with a repeatedly rechargeable direct voltage source.
Charging systems for the batteries of pacemakers are known, for example, from German Offenlegungsschrift No. 19 40 803 or U.S. Pat. No. 4,134,408. The process used in these systems for inductive power transmission is based on two coupled coils, similar to a transformer, one of the coils being implanted and the other coil being brought externally near the implanted coil. The implanted coil directly supplies, in a broadband way, a rectifier circuit. Because of the poor coil coupling, this type of power transmission allows only relatively limited charging currents for the battery. These were sufficient for the batteries of pacemakers since, for the operation of a pacemaker, only a small amount of power is needed, and thus, one can make do with limited battery ampere-hour capacities. In contrast, the operation of a hearing aid or a tinnitus masker has a significantly higher power requirement, since these devices are permanently active.
An implantable hearing device with a repeatedly rechangeable direct voltage source is known from German Patent 39 18 086 C1. But, the charging system for the direct voltage source is not explained there.


A double-surface manufacturing method and an exposure apparatus in the manufacturing process of semiconductors and liquid crystal displays (LCD) are provided. In the exposure process, two masks in the exposure apparatus are subjected to alignment treatment; the substrate is conveyed to a position between the two masks in the exposure apparatus; and patterns of the two surfaces of the substrate are processed. The exposure apparatus comprises two masks, wherein a substrate to be processed is disposed between the two masks; and mask alignment marks are respectively disposed on the two masks. The embodiments of the present invention improve the accuracy of the patterns of the two surfaces of the substrate and the product quality in the double surfaces manufacturing of the substrate.

In the current manufacturing field of display technology products such as touch screens and gratings, the double-surface manufacturing technology, that is, the double-surface processing technology, is increasingly used. Moreover, with the development of technology, there is a need for higher quality product to meet the people's requirement, and hence higher requirement is put forward in the area of accurate control for the patterning process.
In the conventional double-surface patterning process technology, for the touch screen products with low accuracy requirement, it is tended to adopt the process without alignment for the double surfaces. Although such kind of manufacturing process is simple, the accuracy is too low to impact the back-end display. As for grating products with higher accuracy requirement, a pattern of one surface is manufactured at first, and then a pattern of another surface and the manufactured surface are subjected to alignment recognition to achieve position alignment. Although such a way can achieve accurate alignment, it is difficult to implement the alignment process and the product yield is low.

Double-surface manufacturing method and exposure apparatus


A process for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream wherein the filtering media consists essentially of calcined diatomite and between 5% and 30% by weight of ferric ions bonded to the calcined diatomite. This process is particularly efficient due to the fact that the removal of hydrogen sulfide from the gas stream is effected with a single pass adsorption performance of up to 45 mg of H2S per gram of filtering media. Other advantages include the fact that the process has the ability to remove H2S form a gaseous mixture, from a concentration of 30,000 ppm down to non-detectable levels in a single pass. Repeated in-situ regeneration of the filtering media has been proven to be a simple matter of blowing ambient air through the filtering media.

The present invention relates to the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from various gases, and more particularly it relates to the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a gaseous mixture using a filtering media containing iron hydroxide intimately bonded to calcined diatomite.
Hydrogen sulfide can be present in various air streams and is often found in gas streams associated with petroleum storage and transfer facilities, anaerobic digesters, sewage treatment plants and pulp and paper mills. In many cases, the hydrogen sulfide has to be removed because of its toxicity, corrosive properties, and unpleasant odour.
Several methods are known and have been used in the past for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream. Perhaps the most popular method is one which consists in passing the gaseous mixture through an iron sponge bed. The iron sponge bed is a type of filter which comprises essentially iron salts adsorbed on a wood chip support media. Also, there are known processes in which a sulfurous gas is passed through a bed of iron oxide particles. These processes and various others are described in US Patents which can be found in particular in the US Classification 423/231 entitled: Removing Hydrogen Sulfide from a Gaseous Mixture Utilizing Iron Oxide or Hydroxide.
Problems associated with the prior art processes are numerous and include the facts that some media are self igniting when exposed to air and therefore are not renewable. Because of their weak sulfur retention, some of these non-renewable media must be treated as hazardous waste. Other known filtering media have a relatively low H2S adsorption capacity or a low H2S adsorption performance in a single pass process. Another drawback of some commercial H2S filtering systems is that the filtering media must be disposed of after a single use.
As such, it will be appreciated that there continues to be a need for a filtering process in which the filtering media is capable of removing hydrogen sulfide from a gaseous mixture with a high single pass performance. Further, it is believed that there continues to be a need for a filtering process wherein the filtering media is easily renewable and does not generate any hazardous waste when disposed of after multiple reuses.

Removing hydrogen sulfide from a gaseous mixture using ferric ions bonded to calcined diatomite


A curved suction box apparatus is disclosed for guiding a web towards a nip of a nip press. The apparatus includes an initial shoe which is disposed upstream relative to the nip, the shoe defining a convex surface for guiding the web. A box is disposed downstream relative to the initial shoe for guiding the web from the initial shoe. The box is connected to a partial vacuum.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a curved suction box apparatus for guiding a web towards a nip defined by a pair of cooperating rolls or a nip of an extended nip press.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a curved suction box apparatus which avoids the need for suction rolls or the like.
2. Information Disclosure Statement
In a press section of a papermaking machine, a suction pick-up roll is usually provided for transferring a formed web from a fourdrinier wire onto a press felt such that the press felt guides the formed web towards a downstream pressing nip.
Also, when the formed web is supported beneath the aforementioned press felt for guidance towards a nip press, the web is preferably subjected to a flow of steam prior to passage of the formed web through the nip.
More particularly, the steam is usually applied directly to the surface of the web by means of a steam box or the like. A vacuum box is disposed on the opposite side of the web for extracting excess steam from the web.
More specifically, when heat is applied to a formed web supported on a press felt such as by the application thereto of steam, the viscosity and surface tension of the water within the web is reduced and the fibers within the web are softened and are hence easier to compact, due to the increased temperature thereof. Such decreased viscosity and fiber softening facilitates removal of additional quantities of water from the web while strengthening the web during subsequent pressing of the web through the nip press.
However, the provision of a suction pick-up roll or the provision of one or more vacuum rolls in the vicinity of the steam box involves considerable expense during manufacture thereof. For example, a suction roll may require 600 man hours for drilling the roll shell thereof. Also, such roll requires the provision of relatively complex internal sealing glands and the like. Therefore, it is not unusual for a suction roll to cost $1 million or more.
The present invention overcomes the aforementioned costly procedures by the provision of an integrated suction box which includes an initial shoe having a convex surface and a further shoe defining a further convex surface with a suction box disposed between the respective shoes.
Alternatively, the present invention includes an arrangement including a suction box and only one shoe.
The aforementioned curved suction box apparatus enables removal of the web from a fourdrinier forming wire onto a press felt or, alternatively, enables guidance of a web while such web is subjected to saturation with steam.
Therefore, it is a primary objective of the present invention to provide a curved suction box apparatus which overcomes the aforementioned inadequacies of the prior art proposals and which makes a considerable contribution to the art of guiding a web in a press section.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a curved suction box apparatus which includes an initial shoe which defines a convex surface for guiding the web, a box disposed downstream relative to the initial shoe and a further shoe which defines a further convex surface for guiding the web from the box towards a nip press.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a curved suction box apparatus in which the initial and further shoe are of ceramic material in order to reduce wear thereof.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a curved suction box apparatus in which the convex and further convex surfaces of the shoes define a plurality of perforations connected to a source of partial vacuum for drawing the web towards the respective convex surfaces.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a curved suction box apparatus in which the box includes a first and a second compartment so that the rate of removal of steam from the web can be regulated in a machine direction.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a curved suction box apparatus which includes a plurality of showers for supplying lubricating water to the respective surfaces of the curved suction box apparatus for reducing frictional wear between such surfaces and the web or a press felt supporting the web.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art by a consideration of the detailed description contained hereinafter, taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings.

Curved suction box apparatus in a papermaking machine press section


The method and system are disclosed for automatic feedback control of integrated optical quadrature modulator for generation of optical quaternary phase-shift-keyed signal in coherent optical communications. The method comprises the steps of detecting at least a part of an output optical signal from the QPSK modulator, extracting of a particular portion of the output signal in frequency domain, and processing the signal in frequency domain to optimize the transmission of an optical link. The system and method of optical communications in fiber or free space are disclosed that implement the quadrature data modulator with automatic feedback control.

Multi-level phase-shift-keying (PSK) offers high spectral efficiency transmission in coherent optical communication systems. Quaternary PSK (QPSK) format, in particular, has recently received much attention. An optical QPSK signal can be generated, e.g., by an integrated LiNbO3 quadrature modulator (QM) with two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) nested in a MZ interferometer. Each MZM is driven to produce a binary PSK (BPSK) signal. An optical QPSK signal is produced when the two MZMs are biased at their null transmission points and the MZ interferometer is biased at the quadrature phase (π/2). FIG. 1 shows a schematic of a quadrature modulator 1 known in the prior art. The principle of its operation is as follows. Input optical beam 2 is splitted into two arms of the MZ interferometer by a splitter 3. Two Mach-Zehnder modulators 4 and 5 are placed in parallel; each MZM being located in each arm of the MZ interferometer. The biases of the MZMs are controlled by control signals 7 and 8 and driven by RF data signals 8 and 9. The Phase port of the QM 10 controls relative phase shift between the arms of the MZ interferometer.
In modern communication systems operating at a speed exceeding 10 Gbits/s, a precise stabilization of QPSK modulators is required. There is a need for an automatic feedback control loop that searches for these biases and phase operating points of the QM at initial startup and maintains them during operation.

Quadrature modulator with feedback control and optical communications system using the same


A pressure relief valve in a triple offset butterfly valve configuration. It has a body, pallet, pallet assembly and closure mechanism with a lever arm providing mechanical advantage upon a cam which aids in the closing of the valve. The valve relies upon a shear pin which can be machined to alter the opening pressure of the valve. The pallet is secured to the pallet assembly by a plurality of adjustment fasteners and retainer fasteners which can be adjusted to provide an effective seal on the valve. A valve seal has one or more layers of graphite and metal. A pallet seal is captured in a groove in the pallet which restricts radial movement of the pallet seal. The valve seal is captured between a retainer and the pallet seal.

Pressure relief valves are used in numerous applications where an over pressure event can have catastrophic effects. Such over pressure situations can lead to a rupture of the piping or pressure vessel and in certain situations explosion and fire. Pressure relief valves provide a safe way to release the contained fluid when the set pressure is exceeded.
Pressure relief valves come in many different forms. The most common are a simple valve that is held closed by a spring in compression. When the force on the valve exceeds the strength of the spring the valve opens to release the pressure. Once the pressure drops the spring returns the valve to a closed state. Thus the valve can be reused. This design is difficult to incorporate on larger diameter pressure relief valves that require an immediate opening valve.
Other pressure release valves rely on a disk that ruptures when the force of the pressure exceeds the strength of the disk. While this may work better on larger diameter lines, it requires a significant amount of time and labor to replace the disc. Thus the valve is not easily reset.
Butterfly valves have been used as pressure relief valves. They provide an effective way to release over pressure on a large diameter lines. However, their design limitations have proven inadequate for low and high pressure applications. These valves also have a history of being unreliable and difficult to seal. It has also proven difficult to obtain sufficient force or torque to close these valves.
What is needed, therefore, is an improved valve design that can be used on large diameter, low and high pressure lines that provides a reliable opening pressure. Further it would be beneficial to have a valve that can be easily closed after being triggered. Additional improvements are needed to ensure a reliable seal on these valves.

Triple offset butterfly pressure relief valve


The busbar unit includes a first busbar having a substrate section provided with first fusible portions, and a first plate section that extends from the substrate section; a second busbar having a substrate section provided with a second fusible portion, and a second plate section overlapped with the first plate section; and an insulating housing section that accommodates the plate sections in a state in which the plate sections are overlapped with each other. The first plate section is provided with a retainer that fixes the first and second plate sections so that the first and second plate sections are not displaced in either a direction in which the first and second plate sections approach each other, or a direction in which the first and second plate sections are overlapped with each other.

FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a busbar unit according to the related art. FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a first busbar configuring the busbar unit illustrated in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating a second busbar configuring the busbar unit illustrated in FIG. 8. The busbar unit 101 of the related art illustrated in FIG. 8 includes a first busbar 103 provided with a first plate section 134, a second busbar 104 provided with a second plate section 144, and an insulating housing section (not illustrated) that accommodates the first and second plate sections 134 and 144 in a state in which the first plate section 134 and the second plate section 144 are overlapped with each other.
The first busbar 103 includes, as illustrated in FIG. 9, a substrate section 131 provided with a first fusible portion 102A, a plurality of load connection portions 133 connected to the substrate section 131 via the plurality of fusible portions 102A, and a first plate section 134 connected to the substrate section 131. The plurality of load connection portions 133 are respectively connected to a plurality of loads which will be described hereinafter. The first plate section 134 is provided with a hole 134a penetrating the first bus bar 103.
The second busbar 104 includes, as illustrated in FIG. 10, a substrate section 141 provided with a second fusible portion 102B, a plurality of load connection portions 143 connected to the substrate section 141 via the plurality of fusible portions 102B, and a second plate section 144 connected to the substrate section 141 and overlapped with the first plate section 134. The second plate section 144 is provided with a hole 144a communicating with the hole 134a in a state in which the first plate section 134 is overlapped with the second plate section 144.
The above-described busbar unit 101 of the related art is connected to the battery by inserting a battery post provided on the battery into the holes 134a and 144a in a state in which the plurality of holes 134a and 144a provided in the first plate section 134 and the second plate section 144 are communicated with each other, so that the power supplied from the battery is supplied to the plurality of loads such as a head lamp, a fog lamp, or various motors. (e.g., see PTL 1)


The present invention relates to a method and system for managing mobile offer records. The system may receive a query from a user including a shopping list comprising a plurality of items and a maximum price for a set of item descriptions of the shopping list. The system may identify a location of a mobile device. The system may obtain a plurality of offer records based on the location of the mobile device, the shopping list, and the maximum price. The system may normalize the plurality of offer records based on a value of the offer records. The system may rank the plurality of offer records based on the normalization.

The present invention relates generally to the field of computing, and more particularly to a method and system for data management of offer records.
A traditional business (e.g., a grocery store) may provide static coupons that a customer may collect before shopping at the traditional business. The static coupons may lack personalization and fail to specifically target a particular customer or class of customers. Some traditional businesses may provide a coupon at checkout after a customer has already selected items for purchase (e.g., by including coupons on a back of a receipt). However, providing coupons at checkout (rather than earlier) may miss an opportunity to make a more immediate sale to a customer. Some traditional stores have mobile applications, but many of these applications are store specific and tied to loyalty cards, which will may limit personalized offer records to customers who have signed up for a store specific loyalty card.

Mobile application for managing offer records

International Business Machines Corporation


A control method for hybrid electromagnetic suspension. The method provides four modes for hybrid electromagnetic suspension: a comfort mode, a sport mode, a combined mode, and an energy feedback mode. A driver can switch between the four modes as desired. For the comfort, sport, and combined modes, hybrid control is adopted, and two sub-modes are provided: an active control mode and a semi-active control mode. A switching condition between the two sub-modes is determined by using a novel parameter Cact and comparing the same against a maximum equivalent electromagnetic damping coefficient Ceqmax of a linear motor. The present invention solves the problem of achieving a balance between suspension comfort and tire traction, and meets the demands of different operating conditions and users by enabling manual mode switching. In addition, the hybrid control is employed to solve the problems of high energy consumption of active suspension and limited control performance of semi-active suspension, thus ensuring good kinematic performance of automobile suspension while reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the energy feedback mode is designed to enable the suspension to perform energy recovery, meeting demands of energy conservation and emission reduction.

The demand and ownership of automobiles in China are constantly increasing, and energy shortage and environmental problems resulted from that are becoming increasingly prominent. Energy conservation and emission reduction have become one of the themes of automobile development. There is a large amount of energy loss in the process of driving, in which vibration energy loss is transformed into heat energy loss through dampers, accounting for about 20% of all energy loss.
The electromagnetic hybrid suspension can improve the fuel economy of the automobile by recovering part of the vibration energy by the linear motor, and can also improve the dynamic performance of the automotive suspension by the active output control force of the linear motor. In active control of electromagnetic hybrid suspension, the suspension will consume energy, and the vibration isolation of suspension has a contradictory relationship with the road holding of the tire.
Therefore, it is of great research value to design appropriate control strategies to switch the energy-feeding mode and dynamic performance mode of electromagnetic hybrid suspension and coordinate the characteristics of energy consumption, vibration isolation and tire road holding of suspension in active mode.

Control method for hybrid electromagnetic suspension


An electronic musical instrument with playback of background tones and generation of key-on phrase tones, in which a simple adlib play can be performed while a user is singing using a microphone or as an interlude without requiring high-grade techniques is disclosed.. The electronic instrument includes an instrument main body (1) having a microphone (5) and a plurality of key pads (6), a section for playing back stored background tones of a song, a memory (21) for storing note pattern data for a plurality of phrases each consisting of a series of a plurality of key-on phrases in correspondence with the plurality of key pads, and a tone generator (20) for reading out the note pattern data of the corresponding phrase in response to an operation of the key pad (6), and forming tone generation signals. The output from the microphone, the playback signals of the background tones, and the tone generation signals of the phrase are supplied to a loudspeaker (11). Parallel to the playback background tones, the prestored phases can be read out and played back as needed upon operation of the key pads. A singer sings a selected song while listening to the background tones of the song. Upon combination of some phrases, a simple adlib play is performed, and a joyful performance can be made.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for electronically generating background tones.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A playback apparatus, called a "sing a song instrument", which plays back background tones or accompaniments of a song recorded on a tape or a compact disk, is known. A singer sings a song while listening to playback of background tones such as orchestral music tones. Such a playback apparatus merely plays back background tones recorded in advance on a recording medium, and a user cannot take part in a performance of such tones.
If not only a singer can sing a song along the playback tones, but also he or she can take part in a performance while singing a song, he or she can enjoy a more joyful performance. However, the conventional "sing a song instrument" does not allow a singer to take part in a background instrument play.

Electronic musical instrument with playback of background tones and generation of key-on phrase tones


The present disclosure provides a pixel circuit, a pixel array, a display device, and a driving method. The pixel circuit includes a pre-storage sub-circuit, a driving sub-circuit, a first reset sub-circuit, and a light emitting control sub-circuit. The pre-storage sub-circuit is used to maintain and provide a data voltage of a current frame image, and pre-store a data voltage of a next frame image. The driving sub-circuit is used to drive a light emitting device to emit light. The first reset sub-circuit is used to be turned on during the reset phase to transmit the reference voltage to the driving sub-circuit and turned off during a time period other than the reset phase. The light emitting control sub-circuit is used to control that the driving sub-circuit is coupled to or decoupled from the light emitting device.

In recent years, since the AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) display presents an excellent display effect, the AMOLED industry at home and abroad has developed rapidly so that various pixel circuits have been developed successively. At present, in actual production, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) of a display may be manufactured by processes such as ELA (Excimer Laser Annealing) and Doping.

Pixel circuit, pixel array, display device, and driving method for improving display uniformity

Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.


A resist film formed on a substrate is coated with a water-repellent protective film and the substrate is subjected to a developing process after the substrate has been processed by an immersion exposure process. The protective film is removed from the substrate after the resist film has been processed by the immersion exposure process, the substrate is processed by a heating process, and then the substrate is subjected to a developing process. The surface of the substrate is cleaned with a cleaning liquid before the protective film is removed and after the substrate has been processed by the immersion exposure process or the surface of the substrate is cleaned with a cleaning liquid after removing the protective film and before the substrate is subjected to the heating process.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a coating and developing method of and a coating and a developing system for coating a surface of a substrate with a liquid resist film and processing the substrate coated with the resist film processed by an immersion exposure process, and a storage medium storing programs for accomplishing the coating and developing method.
2. Description of the Related Art
Photolithography applied to fabricating a semiconductor device includes a series of processes for forming a resist film on, for example, a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter, referred to simply as "wafer"), exposing the resist film through a photomask, and developing the exposed resist film to form a desired resist pattern on the wafer.
An exposure method coats a surface of a substrate with a liquid film and exposes the surface through the liquid film. This exposure method will be referred to as "immersion exposure method". Such an exposure method is disclosed in JP-A 2005-175079 (Patent document 1). As shown in FIG. 10, an exposure device 1 is provided with a lens 10 on a central part of its lower end, a pouring opening 11 and a suction hole 12. Pure water is poured onto the surface of a wafer W and the pure water poured onto the wafer W is recovered through the suction hole 12 to form a liquid film (pure water film) in the gap between the lens 10 and the surface of the wafer W. A resist film formed on the surface of the wafer W is exposed to light through the liquid film. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the exposure device 1 is moved horizontally to position the exposure device 1 at the next shot area 13 and an exposure cycle for exposing the shot area 13 to light is repeated to transfer the predetermined circuit pattern successively to shot areas 13 in the surface of the wafer W. In FIG. 11, the shot areas 13 are exaggerated.
Studies have been made to suppress the dissolution of a resist film formed on a surface of a wafer W and to make the liquid layer used for immersion exposure difficult to remain on the surface of the wafer W by forming a water-repellent protective film on the surface of the wafer W before forming the resist film on the surface of the wafer W and subjecting the wafer W to immersion exposure.
A film removing method mentioned in JP-A 2005-183709 (Patent document 2) removes a water-repellent protective film formed on a surface of a wafer W by a developing system after subjecting the wafer W to a heating process by a heating device.
When the wafer W having the protective film formed on the resist film formed on the surface of the wafer W is subjected to the heating process, the resist film coated with the protective film is not exposed to a hot atmosphere in the heating device. Consequently, substances contained in the resist film and those existing on the surface of the resist film segregate and the distribution of substances in the resist film becomes nonuniform. When the resist film of a nonuniform quality is processed by a developing process, defects are produced in the resist film and the controllability of the width of lines forming a resist pattern is unsatisfactory.

Coating and developing method, coating and developing system and storage medium


The present invention provides a substantially pure phopholipase A.sub.2 protein isolated and purified from rabbit kidney cortex, having a molecular weight of 28 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE, is calcium independent, is cytosolic, has a specific activity of approximately 1.2 .mu.mol/mg protein/minute and a pH optimum of approximately 7.5 and exhibits a preferential hydrolysis toward sn-2 fatty acid from diradylglycerophospholipids. Also provided are a first monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the protein of claim 1 various methods of using, inhibiting or measuring said protein.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to the fields of nephrology and protein chemistry. More specifically, the present invention relates to the isolation and purification of a novel calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2.
2. Description of the Related Art
Phospholipase A.sub.2 (PLA.sub.2) enzymes (EC 18.104.22.168) are a group of lipolytic enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the acyl ester bond at the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids resulting in the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and the production of lysophospholipids (1,2). Mammalian phospholipase A.sub.2 s are structurally a diverse group of enzymes which include the calcium-dependent secreted phospholipase A.sub.2 (sPLA.sub.2) forms characterized by their low molecular weight, high disulfide bond content and an absolute requirement of calcium during hydrolysis (3,4). A second recently identified group of intracellular cytosolic phospholipase A.sub.2 s comprise the low-calcium-requiring 85 kDa cytosolic phospholipase A.sub.2 (cPLA.sub.2) (5,6), and two new calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 enzymes, a 40 kDa plasmalogen selective calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 purified from canine myocardium (7-9) and a 80 kDa cytosolic calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 recently purified from the macrophage-like cell line P388D1 (10-11 ).
In kidney and heart tissue (12-14), early studies have demonstrated that activation of intracellular phospholipase A.sub.2 represents an important mechanism leading to the development of metabolic alterations which precede cell death during ischemia. Recent observations have demonstrated that the majority of measurable phospholipase A.sub.2 activity in freshly isolated rabbit proximal tubules was present in the cytosolic compartment and was calcium-independent and arachidonate-selective (14). These studies also suggest that activation of this calcium-independent phospholipase A.sub.2 enzyme during hypoxia precedes cell death and is accompanied by hydrolysis of endogenous proximal tubule plasmalogen substrates leading to generation of arachidonic acid and accompanying phospholipid catabolism (15). Since the release of arachidonic acid and the concomitant accumulation of amphiphilic products derived from phospholipase A.sub.2 activation such as lysoplasmalogens have been shown to be important modulators of renal NaK-ATPase (16), the isolation and identification of the biochemical mechanisms which regulate the activity of this calcium-independent PLA.sub.2 are of obvious importance.
The prior art is deficient in the lack of the purification and characterization of a novel calcium-independent PLA.sub.2 from rabbit kidney cortex. The present invention fulfills this longstanding need and desire in the art.

The Board of Trustees of the University of Arkansas


The invention relates to methods and compounds for treating chemotherapy-induced anemia. In particular, methods for treating chemotherapy-induced anemia in subjects refractory to treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin are encompassed herein.

Chemotherapeutic agents are known suppressors of red cell production by the bone marrow, and over 60% of patients treated with chemotherapy develop anemia resulting in decreased functional capacity and quality of life. In contrast to other common side effects experienced by patients undergoing treatment for cancer, chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is often a "silent" side effect with insidious symptoms. CIA can be one of the most common underlying etiologies of the fatigue in cancer patients. Most chemotherapeutic agents also cause stomach upset, resulting in nausea and vomiting, which can severely reduce appetite and produce substantial weight loss in the patient. CIA is also associated with cognitive dysfunction, dyspnea, and depression. As a result of this reduced quality of life, some patients choose to discontinue or delay chemotherapeutic treatment, increasing the potential for suboptimal outcomes. Also, CIA can adversely affect long-term outcomes in some patients, as the anemic environment may limit the effectiveness of some chemotherapy agents.
The incidence and severity of CIA depend on a variety of factors, including the type, schedule, and intensity of therapy administered, or whether the patient has received prior myelosuppressive chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both. Approximately 1.3 million cancer patients undergo chemotherapy every year in the United States, and approximately 67 percent become anemic. Similarly, approximately 63 percent of European chemotherapy patients develop anemia as a result of their treatment.
Although chemotherapy-induced anemia is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy, it is often not recognized and is frequently under-treated. Treatments can include red blood cell transfusions, which may result in clinical or subclinical adverse effects in the recipients. Several clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment with erythropoeitic agents can reduce the need for blood transfusions and their associated complications in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Daily subcutaneous administration of recombinant human EPO administration at a dose of 5000 IU increases hemoglobin levels and reduces transfusion requirements in chemotherapy-induced anemia, especially during platinum-based chemotherapy. (Oberhoff et al. (1998) Ann Oncol 9:255-260.) However, clinical trials have suggested that a measurable increase in thrombotic complications occurs in chemotherapy-induced anemia patients treated with recombinant human EPO (rhEPO). (Wun et al. (2003) Cancer 98:1514-1520.) The overall impact on thrombosis risk has been confirmed in an independent meta-analysis of rhEPO data. (Bohlius et al. (2005) J Natl Cancer Inst 97(7):489-98.) Furthermore, it is estimated that 30% to 50% of patients undergoing chemotherapy and receiving recombinant human EPO treatment are hyporesponsive or refractory to the recombinant EPO therapy. (J. Glaspy (2005) Expert Opin. Emerging Drugs 10:553-567.) Such patients may then have to undergo treatment with blood transfusions, which is associated with certain risks, including transfusion-transmitted infection, incorrect blood transfusion, acute or delayed transfusion reaction, post-transfusion purpura, transfusion-associated graft-verses-host disease, etc. Thus, a need remains for effective treatments for chemotherapy-induced anemia. In particular, there is a need for effective treatments for chemotherapy-induced anemia in subjects refractory to EPO therapy.

Compounds and methods for treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia


An electronic calipers is provided with an adjustable digital display. In an embodiment the calipers includes an elongated body and a display member that pivots or rotates relative to the elongated body. The display member may include a base member, which is coupled with the elongated body for translational movement along at least a portion of a length of the elongated body, and a display coupled with the base member for pivotal movement between a first orientation and a second orientation. In other embodiments, the calipers includes a display portion that rotates on the body portion through an angle of about 360°. In some embodiments the display portion may be a generally annular-shaped member that rotates and/or translates on the elongated body.

As is known, the digital display of conventional electronic calipers is configured on one side of a sliding member to which a movable jaw is coupled. Conventional electronic calipers (also known in the art as "digital" calipers) are typically used to measure an object which can be readily placed within its jaws. However, when dealing with an immovable object, which may be located in a restrictive environment (e.g., a bone in a surgical field), it may be difficult or impossible to see or read the display when the jaws of the calipers are clamped on the object. In one instance the object to be measured may be small and distal from the user. To measure the object, the movable jaw will be distal from the user, which makes the display difficult to see and read. In another instance the object to be measured may be accessible only from a certain direction (e.g., from above, below, etc.) due to a proximate object. Thus, when the caliper jaws are clamped on the object, the display may be upside-down, pointed away from the user or otherwise oriented so that it is difficult (or impossible) to see and/or read the display. For example, when a sternal bone is to be measured during a cardiothoracic surgical procedure, the bone (e.g., the sternum, clavicle, rib, etc.) may be accessible only from below and the jaws of the calipers are oriented upward so that the display is facing to the right. Now, to view the display the user must be able to position him or herself on the right side of the calipers, however this may not be convenient or may not even be possible. In view of the foregoing, electronic calipers with an adjustable digital display would be an important improvement in the art.

Electronic calipers with adjustable digital display


A signal processing method is described. The signal processing method comprises the following steps: An input signal is received. The input signal is processed from a start point to a preliminary stop point based on at least one first processing parameter, thereby obtaining a first processed signal. The at least one first processing parameter is adapted based on the first processed signal, thereby obtaining at least one second processing parameter. The input signal is processed from the preliminary stop point to the start point based on the at least one second processing parameter, thereby obtaining a second processed signal. At least one output parameter is generated and/or an output signal is synchronized with the input signal based on the second processed signal. Further, a signal analysis module is described.

It is known to employ so-called phase-locked loops (PLLs) in order to recover a clock underlying a data signal from the data signal or in order to synchronize an output signal with an input signal. For example, such phase-locked loops are incorporated into measurement instruments such as oscilloscopes.
An inherent property of these phase-locked loops is that the PLLs need a certain time in order to lock to an input signal that is processed by the respective PLL.
Thus, only samples acquired after the PLL has locked to the input signal can be used for analyzing the input signal, for example for recovering the clock underlying a data signal. In the state of the art, all samples that have been acquired up to that point have to be discarded.
Moreover, if the locking time of the PLL is longer than the input signal itself, for example in the case of short signal portions such as signal bursts, the PLL does not lock to the input signal and the input signal cannot be analyzed.
Accordingly, there is a need for a signal processing method that allows for a better utilization of the input signal samples and/or for an analysis of short signal portions.

Signal processing method and signal analysis module


Exemplary embodiments are related to two-dimensional maximum power compensation. A method may include calibrating an output power level of a transmitter across a range of frequencies at a constant temperature. The method may further include characterizing the output power level of the transmitter for each temperature of a plurality of temperatures for each frequency of the range of frequencies.

1. Field
The present invention relates generally to transmit power of a wireless communication device. More specifically, the present invention relates to embodiments for two-dimensional power compensation for improving maximum transmit power level accuracy of wireless communication devices.
2. Background
Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Conventional wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency divisional multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example of an emerging telecommunication standard is Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). It is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lower costs, improve services, make use of new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards using OFDMA on the downlink (DL), SC-FDMA on the uplink (UL), and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, there exists a need for further improvements in LTE technology. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.
A need exists for improving accuracy of maximum transmit power of wireless communication devices. More specifically, a need exists for embodiments related to improving accuracy of maximum transmit power of wireless communication devices via two-dimensional power characterization.

Two-dimensional transmit power compensation


A self-sealing protection filter port for gas masks prevents contamination of the inner-environment of the mask during exchange of filters and therefore increases safety. A biased valve closes the air inlet to the port when the protection filter is not installed. As a new filter is inserted, the valve is forced open, allowing filtered air to flow through the air inlet to the user. The protection filter engages the filter port using a retaining element. The self-sealing protection filter in a protection mask having an internal close-biased valve is installed in the standard protection filter port of the mask.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a self-sealing protection filter port attachable to a powered air-purifying respirator.
2. Description of Related Art
Respiratory devices, such as protection masks, also interchangeably referred to herein as gas masks or masks, are well known. Civilians, law enforcement, military personnel, fire fighters and other groups of individuals commonly referred to as responders, hereinafter referred to as users, wear masks for protection from an environment containing harmful and possibly fatal air-born toxins or any other such hazardous material. Such toxins and materials are hazardous to respiratory systems and generally take the form of harmful gases, vapors, and particulate matter. The respiratory hazards may also include various agents, such as nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) agents, which may be in the form of particulates, vapors or aerosols.
One type of breathing apparatus, known as a Powered Air Purifying Respirator (PAPR), is a fan-forced positive pressure breathing apparatus. PAPRs are used in environments where the ambient air is relatively oxygen-rich and where filtering elements are effective in removing all contaminants from the ambient air before the ambient air enters the gas mask. PAPRs typically include a gas mask, a filtering element to remove contaminants from ambient air, a blowing element, such as, a fan, and a power source to provide operational power to the blowing element. The fan or blowing element continuously supplies filtered air to the gas mask. The filtered air replenishes the internal space of the mask, and exhaled air, also known as spent air, is continually ejected.
The filtering elements of PAPRs typically have a maximum capacity, i.e., the filtering elements capture and filter a finite amount of contaminants before the filter reaches an upper limit of contaminants the filter is able to capture. Once the filter reaches the upper limit, it no longer has the ability to capture, reduce, or filter contaminants passing to the user. Therefore, in order to sustain the protective qualities of the PAPR, the user must regularly replace the filter.
The exchange of filter ports is typically a hazardous action by the user. For instance, a user surrounded by contaminated ambient air relies on the filter of the PAPR to remove contaminants from the ambient air, so the user may safely inhale the filtered air. During exchange of the filter port, the filter is removed from the PAPR for a brief period of time. While the filter is removed, the ambient air, which may contain contaminants, is typically unmitigated while the filter on the PAPR is removed and may pass to the user. The user is susceptible to the contaminants in the ambient air, which may harm or possibly kill the user, if the ambient air is ingested, inhaled or otherwise contacts the user's skin or respiratory orifices.
There is a need for a PAPR mask that improves operation and use of the filter port by reducing, at all times, the amount of contaminants passed to the user, and in turn, facilitating breathing for the user. There is a further need for a filter port in a PAPR mask that allows the user to replace the filter without increasing susceptibility to ambient contaminants or rendering the user vulnerable to such contaminants.


Methods and systems are provided to allow personal computer users to virtualize a local audio device so that they can remotely connect to a server and interact with the server as if the local audio device was physically connected to the server. They connect a remote audio target hardware device to the target system through a physical USB connection, and the device interacts with the local user's computer over a network. The target system is unaware that the audio device is not connected directly to the system through a physical connection, and the target system does not need special software to implement the remote audio device. The audio target hardware device connected to the target computer may be physically connected and disconnected.

USB (Universal Serial Bus) connections are commonly used to establish communication between devices and a host controller (usually personal computers). USB has replaced many varieties of serial and parallel ports, and can connect various computer peripherals such as mice, keyboards, digital cameras, printers, personal media players, flash drives, and external hard drives to a computer. For many of those devices, USB has become the standard connection method. USB was designed for personal computers, but it has become commonplace on other devices such as smart phones, PDAs and video game consoles, and as a power cord between a device and an AC adapter plugged into a wall plug for charging.
In another aspect of computing, systems exist to facilitate remote control of and access to a computer by an operator at a remote station. Such systems typically use a device or mechanism that enables an operator at a remote station to control aspects of a so-called target (or local) computer. More particularly, such systems typically allow a remote station to provide mouse and keyboard input to the target computer and further allow the remote station to view the video display output of the target computer. These types of systems are typically called keyboard-video-mouse (KVM) systems.
Remote KVM systems allow a user to interact with a computer anywhere in the world via the keyboard, mouse, and video, as if they were seated right next to the computer. In addition to virtualization of the keyboard, mouse and video, storage media such as CD/DVD-ROMs, flash drives, and floppy disks have also been virtualized. As such, a user can provide access to data on a disk to a server anywhere in the world. Audio systems, such as sound cards, speakers, and microphones may also be virtualized. KVM systems, however, are not necessary for virtualization of audio.
Some conventional systems virtualize audio, USB and other devices over a network. In such systems, a user may use an audio device connected to a remote computer as if it was connected to the local computer. Conventional audio-over-IP systems allow a user to use an audio device in one location while it is virtualized from a PC in another location and provide special software installed and running on the target computer to interact with an audio device. However, this software running on the target must be specifically tailored, requires greater overhead and infrastructure, and provides less flexibility. These products also require special software be installed on both the local PC and the remote PC. Installing software on the client PC may be acceptable, but installing it on the target PC is typically not as it may violate the security of the computer to be accessed.
The remote target computer does not typically virtualize an audio device without the installation of software on the target computer. Accordingly, there is a desire for a system that provides virtualization of an audio device use while not requiring special software to do so.

Method and system for audio device virtualization


A visor system for a vehicle comprises first and second visor blades, first and second support arms supporting said first and second visor blades, respectively, and first and second mounting assemblies. The first mounting assembly includes a first member connected to the first support arm. The first member has a journal, a tang and a configured projection adapted to lockingly interfit with the vehicle. A second member coaxial with the first member is pivotable about the journal, and is connected to the second support arm. The second member also has a slot through which the tang is moveable and a channel which slidably engages the tang to retain the second member about the journal. The second mounting assembly is connected to the first visor blade and is adapted to snap fit into the vehicle. The mounting assemblies are adapted to fixably position the first support arm with respect to the vehicle, while enabling the second support arm and the second visor blade to pivot with respect to the vehicle.

Prior dual blade sun visor systems for motor vehicles are secured to a sheet metal roof or to a headliner of the vehicle with conventional fasteners. U.S. Pat. No. 5,080,420, for example, shows a dual blade visor system including two mounting brackets secured to a vehicle with screws. Such a visor system requires a tool and a significant amount of time to install.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,421,632 shows another multiple visor system which may be secured to a vehicle using snap-in mounting assemblies of the type illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 4,989,911. Such mounting assemblies, however, are complex in design and relatively expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, conventional visor mounting brackets, or other visor mounting sub-assemblies, must first be secured to the snap-in mounting assemblies prior to installing the visor system in the vehicle. Consequently, a significant amount of time is required to assemble and install the entire visor system.

Dual blade visor system with mechanical interfit mounting assembly