Techniques are described for improving real-time application protection (RTAP) systems (e.g., web application firewalls (WAFs), runtime application self-protection (RASP) systems). In particular, a device within a trusted network may be configured to identify risks of the RTAP systems. For example, the device may compare a plurality of attack signatures, from configuration settings of an application protection system to a plurality of defects from a defect data store; determine that at least one configuration setting of the application protection system corresponding to an application does not include protections for at least one defect of the plurality of defects; and in response to determine that the at least one configuration setting of the application protection system does not include protections for the at least one defect, generate an alert corresponding to the at least one defect.

Web applications are client-server computer programs in which client-side operations and user interface(s) run on a web browser. The server-side operations of web applications may be implemented by a computer network including a number of servers and computing devices. For example, a web application running on a server, accessed via a web browser, may communicate, via the Internet, with a database server of a computer network to access files or other information. In some instances, one or more real-time application protection systems may be deployed to monitor network data and identify data that may be malicious based on one or more configurations. For example, a web application firewall (WAF) system may filter, monitor, and block malicious data to and from a web application based on one or more configurations of the WAF. Similarly, a runtime application self-protection (RASP) system detects and reports or blocks malicious data based on one or more configurations of the RASP and runtime information of the web application. WAF or RASP systems may be commercial off-the-shelf systems that can be interacted with via one or more application programming interfaces (APIs). Configurations for one or more real-time application protection systems may be changed over time from the baseline configurations, which may leave the web applications vulnerable to potential network attacks.

Real time application protection system risk identification and mitigation


A fish fin remover that is capable of guiding a fish fin to be removed through a clearance to a rotary blade without difficulty for cutting the fin at its root accurately. The fish fin remover includes a guide frame having a step which allows the circumferential edge of the rotary blade to be accommodated in the guide frame so that the bottom of the guide frame across the clearance of the guide frame is substantially on a level with the lower surface of the rotary blade.

The present invention relates to a fish fin remover for cutting off a fin of a fish.
Commonly in the fish food industry, each fin of a fish is removed by lifting the fin up, with one hand of the operator and removing the fin with a knife in the other hand.
This procedure is thus troublesome, in which the location of cutting is unpredictable and not always the same. Hence, it will be much difficulty to have a clean cutting at the root of the fin.
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fish fin remover capable of guiding a fish fin to a rotary blade without difficulty and cutting the fin precisely at the root.


The present invention is directed to automatic, self-contained cleaning and sanitizing equipment. It includes a first liquid holding tank for a cleaning solution and a second liquid holding tank for a sanitizing solution. A cleaning line runs from the first tank and has an outlet adapted for connection to an item to be cleaned, and a cleaning return line runs back to the first tank and has an inlet adapted for connection to the item to be cleaned. A sanitizing line runs from the second tank and has an outlet connected directly to the item to be cleaned, or to the cleaning line so as to create a common connection to the item to be cleaned, and a sanitizing return line runs back to the second tank directly from the item to be cleaned, or from the cleaning return line so as to create a common connection running from the item to be cleaned. There is a first pump connected to the equipment for circulating liquid from the first tank to the item to be cleaned and back to the first tank through the cleaning return line and a second pump connected to the system for circulating liquid from the second tank to the item to be cleaned and back to the second tank through the sanitizing return line. An ozone generator is included on the second tank or the sanitizing line for inclusion of ozone therein and for creation of an ozone-based sanitization liquid therein.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to process and equipment for clean-in-place use for cleaning and sanitizing items which generally have liquid stored and sometimes flow through them, e.g. commercial and retail water coolers, ice makers, coffee makers, ice cream and yogurt machines, milk dispensers, drink dispensers and the like. More specifically, the present invention involves clean-in-place capabilities for automatically cleaning and sanitizing such items.
2. Information Disclosure Statement
Water coolers, bulk milk dispensers and many other liquid holding/dispensing items have reservoirs, outlet lines, drains, etc. which require periodic cleaning and, preferably, sanitizing. Sometimes this is accomplished by complex permanent flushing apparatus and is otherwise frequently accomplished by the use of hard scrubbing and cleaning and/or hose or bucket flushing. However, these latter techniques and not very often followed or, if followed, are often inadequate.
For example, in a recent study of the reservoirs and dispensing faucets of ten conventional bottle water coolers at a Boston university over a two month period, between 2,000 and 1,000,000 bacteria per milliliter were found, even though the United States Federal Drug Administration maximum safe levels are 10,000 bacteria per milliliter. The problem is exacerbated by the companies that lease or sell such units because users are not properly warned of the bacteria problems nor are they usually given detailed cleaning instructions. When instructions are given, they usually require taking out the bottled water, preparing a diluted chlorine bleach solution, having the solution sit in the reservoirs for hours, removing the diluted bleach and rinsing until the chloride odor and taste are gone. Users simply won't follow such complex and time consuming steps.
Thus, the present invention is directed to portable equipment and the related process for cleaning and sanitizing items to be cleaned, wherein the portable equipment may be taken from item to item to be cleaned to permit clean-in-place operation without the need for movement of the item to a cleaning facility and without the need for permanently installed flushing equipment.
Further, the present invention uses unique combinations of equipment and steps to achieve the desired results. The prior art does not show any clean-in-place equipment of the type described herein. However, the following patents are believed to represent the current state of the art:
U.S. Pat. No. 4,606,476 issued to Richard Pocock et al. in 1986 describes a system for sanitizing beverage dispensing systems which utilizes a manifold with special fittings for sanitizing a system, including consumption of remaining beverage, sanitizing with a sanitizing liquid, flushing with water and drying with compressed gas.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,465,210 issued to Massao Iwanami in 1984 describes a circuit for washing a water-feeding system in automatic beverage dispensing machines. It describes a system for circulating cleaning solution through beverage vending machine lines using a return line which may be plugged and unplugged to and from the dispensing nozzles for cleaning and subsequent beverage dispensing. However, this is a permanent system and does not provide for portability of the equipment, nor does it provide for separate cleaning and sanitizing.
Thus, the prior art fails to teach or suggest the present invention system of attaching the apparatus to an item to be cleaned, first cleaning the item by automatic, controlled circulation of a cleaning solution, and subsequent automatic circulation of a sanitizing solution using on-site generated ozone for sanitization.


There is provided an image receiving apparatus such as a facsimile apparatus which can record and output the received image data on a page unit basis. The apparatus comprises: a receiving unit to receive image data; a recorder to record the received image data; a generator to generate reception ID information including a reception number and a page number; and a controller for allowing the reception ID information to be added and recorded to the received image data every page. The recording mode is manually or automatically set into either a mode to cut and output the received image on a page unit basis or a mode to cut and output the received image on a communication unit basis.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an image receiving apparatus, and more particularly to an image receiving apparatus in which the received image data can be recorded and output in units of page.
2. Related Background Art
Hitherto, in this type of apparatus such as a facsimile apparatus, there has been known an apparatus in which in order to discriminate a receiving paper on the reception side, transmission side information such as transmission side name, telephone number, page number, and the like are added to an image on the transmission side and, thereafter, the image is transimitted and, on the reception side, the transmission side information is recorded as header information. As related background arts regarding such an apparatus, there have been proposed U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 945,895 filed on Dec. 24, 1986, U.S. Pat. No. 4,843,479 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,849,816.
From the reception side, although a problem hardly occurs in the case where a transmitting apparatus having the ID information transmitting function as mentioned above is a partner station, an apparatus which doesn't have the ID information transmitting function is also used. There is a problem such that if a large quantity of image data is received from such an apparatus or if image data is received many times from such an apparatus, it is difficult to sort the reception cut sheets and a large amount of labors and a long time are needed.

Image receiving apparatus for adding ID reception information


A method, device, system, and computer program product that relate to configuration of an edge component and subcomponents to adapt data from a Device to a readable form and to communicate the adapted data to a Network End Environment. The Network End Environment includes a user interface by which a user requests that the edge component is updated to have a configuration version stored at a source. The system processes the request and updates the edge component configuration. The edge component is updated to a source configuration at a predetermined time interval according to one of a full configuration refresh or a delta configuration. Data received and processed by the edge component can thereafter be pushed to the Network End Environment for storage and/or use in a Network application. The edge component is described as a Connector, and the subcomponents of the edge component are described as Connector components.

In software development environments, developers must design, install, configure, and test software applications such that Devices can interface with a Network Based Environment. In so doing, a developer must be aware of a variety of different Devices and how data is formatted when output from these Devices. Each of the different Devices can have a different number of output signals, which provide different units of data, and which must be quantified in different ways to be recognized as meaningful information by the Network Based Environment. Accordingly, for each of these different Devices it is customary to have a configuration tool. The configuration tool for one Device is different than a configuration tool used for a different Device. The configuration tools allow the Devices to be configured in a way that they can send data in a meaningful manner to the Network Based Environment.
A different configuration tool for interfacing between the Device and the Network Based Environment is required for each different type of Device. A configuration tool requires at least one of different software plug-ins, different back-end environments to handle data received from the Devices, and different device adapters for the different Devices. Therefore, configuration tools are packaged differently in a software development environment for a respective variety of Devices. Utilizing a variety of different configuration tools to interface with numerous devices is often cumbersome in terms of volume (e.g., quantity), implementation, and size (e.g., memory). Moreover, updating the configuration tools whenever a particular application requires an interface with a specific Device can be annoying and/or time consuming for the customer, especially when the customer expects a software development environment to be as complete as possible.
Accordingly, there is a need for development of a device, a system, a method, and a computer program product to configure edge components to provide an updateable interface between Devices and a Network Based Environment. There is also a need for such a configuration to be performed in a fast, efficient, and reliable manner across a variety of Devices and Network.

Determined configuration update for edge components


A block storage service provides block-level storage to a plurality of distinct computing instances for a plurality of distinct users. For each of one or more of the plurality of distinct computing instances, information about data being stored in the block storage service is determined. Based on the information about the data being stored in the block storage service, a block storage transaction enhancement for the data being stored in the block storage service is determined. The block storage service performs the selected block storage transaction enhancement with respect to the data being stored in the block storage service.

The recent revolution in technologies for dynamically sharing virtualizations of hardware resources, software, and information storage across networks has increased the reliability, scalability, and cost efficiency of computing. More specifically, the ability to provide on demand virtual computing resources and storage through the advent of virtualization has enabled consumers of processing resources and storage to flexibly structure their computing and storage costs in response to immediately perceived computing and storage needs. Virtualization allows customers to purchase processor cycles and storage at the time of demand, rather than buying or leasing fixed hardware in provisioning cycles that are dictated by the delays and costs of manufacture and deployment of hardware. Rather than depending on the accuracy of predictions of future demand to determine the availability of computing and storage, users are able to purchase the use of computing and storage resources on a relatively instantaneous as-needed basis.
Virtualized computing environments are frequently supported by block-level storage. Such block-level storage provides a storage system that is able to interact with various computing virtualizations through a series of standardized storage calls that render the block-level storage functionally agnostic to the structural and functional details of the volumes that it supports and the operating systems executing on the virtualizations to which it provides storage availability.
Unfortunately, the paradigm of block-level storage that is functionally agnostic to the structural and functional details of various virtualizations forces enhancements of the storage to be performed, if at all, at the level of the virtualization, rather than at the level of the storage. Performance of storage enhancements at the virtualization frequently involves prohibitive inefficiencies, such as transmission and retransmission of data across a network, which increase the cost and delay associated with some enhancements and result in the decision not to undertake others. The user is left with overall storage performance that, lacking enhancements at the level of the storage itself, produces a negative impact on the efficiency of the virtualized computing supported by the storage.
While the technology described herein is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

System and method for providing enhancements of block-level storage


Memory cell structures and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed. An illustrated fabrication method comprises: forming spacers to isolate and protect a gate area (including a floating gate and a control gate); forming a gap filling layer over a substrate including the gate area and the spacers; and depositing an insulating layer over the gate area and the gap filling layer. The spacers may be formed of SiN. The gap filling layer may be formed by depositing undoped polysilicon or amorphous silicon over the gate area and the spacers, and by performing an anisotropic etching of the undoped polysilicon or amorphous silicon.

Non-volatile memory devices such as EEPROMs or flash EEPROMs comprise memory cells including a floating gate which stores data and a control gate which applies voltage to the floating gate. The memory cells are formed on a semiconductor substrate including source/drain regions.
FIGS. 1a and 1b are cross-sectional views of a prior art flash memory cell during fabrication.
Referring to FIG. 1a, an N-well 12 and a P-well 13 are formed in a silicon substrate 11. The N-well 12 and/or the P-well 13 may be formed, for example, by ion implantation. A source/drain region 14 is defined in the P-well 13 by, for example, ion implantation. A gate oxide 15, a floating gate 17, an oxide-nitride-oxide (ONO) layer 18, and a control gate 19 are then formed by ion implantation, photoresist coating, patterning, development, deposition, etc. The floating gate 17 stores electric charges and the control gate 19 is used to apply voltage to the floating gate 17. The floating gate 17 and the control gate 19 are formed into a tandem structure. Spacers 20 of SiN are formed to isolate and protect the gate area including the floating gate 17 and the control gate 19. A source/drain region 14 is defined in the upper part of the P-well 13, and positioned between adjacent gate spacers 20 of adjacent gate areas. A unit block of a transistor consists of the floating gate 17, the control gate 19, and the source/drain region 14. In addition, silicide 16 and a borderless contact (BLC) layer 21 are formed to connect the flash memory cell to an external terminal such as a word line or a bit line.
Referring to FIG. 1b, after the formation of the spacers 20, borophosphorsilicate glass (BPSG) 22 is deposited over the substrate. Generally, in order to ensure the characteristics of the logic transistors and to reduce the costs in fabricating an embedded flash memory, a SiN layer is deposited and etched to form the spacers 20. The BPSG layer 22 is then deposited over the gate structure to form a passivation layer of the flash memory cell.
However, because the gap between the SiN spacers is very narrow in a cell array, if the BPSG layer 22 is deposited after formation of the spacers 20, voids 23 are formed in the gap between the SiN spacers 20. The voids 23 may change the characteristics of each cell. In addition, the size of the voids 23 vary according to a critical dimension of polysilicon constituting each cell. This variation in the sizes of the voids may also change characteristics of the cells. For example, the voids function as parasitic capacitances which decrease the operating speed of the flash memory device and function as points of stress and leakage during device operation, thereby causing deterioration of device reliability and characteristics.
To obviate the problems due to voids formed in the passivation layer in fabricating a non-volatile memory device, Mei et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,475,895, describes a semiconductor device having a passivation layer and a method for its fabrication. This U.S. patent provides a final passivation layer, especially for flash memory and other non-volatile memory technologies, that can overcome problems due to a narrow gap between metal lines which cannot be completely filled by using the conventional film deposition techniques of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). A semiconductor device structure described in the above-mentioned U.S. patent includes a first layer of high density plasma (HDP) oxide and an overlying layer of silicon oxynitride. Application of the HDP oxide to a pattern of metal structures fills gaps between the metal structures and allows for the void free deposition of the silicon oxynitride layer. The silicon oxynitride layer provides a hard outer coating to the passivation coating.

Memory cell structures including a gap filling layer and methods of fabricating the same


A screen-printed reflector reflectively redirects light from a scanner bulb in a substantially uniform illumination pattern across a desired scan area of a document to be scanned. A middle or central portion of the reflector is printed with a non-reflective pattern, while the end portions of the reflector are composed of highly reflective polyester textured matte that in combination with the non-reflective pattern substantially equalizes the illumination across the desired scan area of the document being scanned. The manner of using and constructing the screen printed reflector, provides a fast and efficient method for tuning a light distribution profile to provide a sufficient light reflective pattern that compensates for non-uniform light distribution patterns produced by scanner bulbs.

A document scanner ordinarily employs a traveling scanner carriage in which a scanner lamp is mounted for illuminating a document to be scanned. As is well known, reflectors are also typically mounted on the carriage adjacent to the lamp for helping to increase the amount of light projected by the scanner lamp onto the area of the document being scanned.
One of the problems associated with scanning such a document is the non-uniformity of the illumination levels across the document being scanned. In this regard, the amount of light at the marginal edges of the document is always less that the illumination levels at about the center of the document. As a result of this non-uniformity, the excessive illumination levels at the center of the document may cause undesired and unwanted saturation of the translational devices utilized to convert detected light into an associated electrical signal. Alternatively the irregular illumination pattern may cause such a translation device to have such a low signal to noise ratio that a significant loss of resolution results in the less illuminated areas of the document.
Therefore it would be highly desirable to have a new and improved method and light reflection device that enables the light distribution pattern across a document being scanned to be uniformly illuminated substantially from edge to edge.
One attempt at seeking to provide a uniform document illumination area has been to utilize a separate light dispersion device with a preformed aperture that is oriented above the scanner lamp. In order to control the light reflected onto the document, the aperture is configured to be wider at its end portions and narrower at its center to provide what is commonly called a "dog bone" illumination profile.
While the use of such a separate light dispersion device has been found to be satisfactory for some applications, such a device utilizes unnecessary space and substantially increases manufacturing costs and assembly time.
Therefore it would be highly desirable to have such a new and improved method and light reflection device that does not increase manufacturing costs and assembly time unnecessarily nor require the utilization of additional space.
Another attempt at seeking to provide a uniform document illumination area has been to employ the use of additional reflectors at about the end portions of the scanner lamp in a stop field opposite from the scanner lamp. Again, while the use of such additional reflector may help to uniformly disperse the illumination from the scanner lamp, the increased costs and space requirements associated with such additional reflectors has not been entirely satisfactory.
Therefore it would be highly desireable to have such a new and improved apparatus and method of light dispersion that provides a uniform document illumination area without the need of additional reflectors.

Scanner carriage lamp reflector and method of using same


An optical cable has segment-like chamber elements with openings receiving a stack of waveguide bands characterized by the bands of each stack having a different length to compensate for stresses created by stranding the elements in an optical cable. To obtain the different lengths for each of the waveguide bands in a stack, the cable element is guided over a curved path, such as on a periphery of an insertion disc and the waveguide bands are then introduced into the chamber of the chamber element while in this curved position.

The present invention is directed to a method for manufacturing an optical cable, whose cable core is composed of a plurality of chamber elements having openings at one side, which openings serve the purpose of accepting light waveguide bands or ribbons, to an apparatus for performing the method; and to an optical cable.
An optical cable, which has a plurality of chamber elements wrapped around a tension element with each of the chamber elements having radially outward openings for receiving optical elements, is disclosed in German Published Application 38 39 109. This design is often referred to as a "chambered cable", which receives light waveguides and has a shape of a cable core that is already constructed and has a cross sectional shape roughly like a spoked wheel. The cable is moved in a longitudinal direction and the light waveguides are then introduced into the chamber openings by a corresponding insertion device. Subsequently, a cover is wound or spun onto the device to close the openings and then a cable cladding is extruded in a final work step.
High packing densities can be achieved, given employment of light waveguide bands in the shape of ribbons, and such structures also have the advantage that they may be simply and rapidly spliced. The above-described manufacturing process, however, means that, by a contrast to what are referred to as "hollow leads", wherein the light waveguides are loosely accommodated in the inside of the protective sheath, work cannot be carried out with prefabricated sub-elements. On the contrary, the light waveguides can only be introduced into the cable core comprising the individual chambers on site.

Method for manufacturing an optical cable


An aerofoil vane actuation mechanism suitable for a gas turbine engine (10) comprises an annular array of pivotable aerofoil vanes (21) which are linked to an annular actuation member (30) by a plurality of levers (27). Each aerofoil vane (21) additionally has an indication lever (31) attached to it. Each indication lever (31) cooperates with the actuation member (30) so that under normal conditions, during pivoting of the vanes (21), no load transfer takes place between them. However in the event of one or more of the vanes (21) failing to pivot properly, such load transfer does take place. Means (37) are provided to detect such load transfer to provide an indication of such failure of a vane (21) to pivot properly.

This invention relates to an aerofoil vane actuation mechanism suitable for a gas turbine engine.
Axial flow compressors and turbines for gas turbine engines comprise axially alternative annular arrays of stator aerofoil vanes and rotary aerofoil blades. In order to improve engine efficiency over a wide range of operating conditions, some of the stator aerofoil vanes may be mounted in such a way that each vane is pivotable, over a limited range, about its longitudinal axis. Typically all of the vanes in at least one annular array are arranged to so pivot.
Pivoting the vanes in this manner permits the flow capacity of the compressor or turbine to be changed, thereby ensuring that the flow capacity is always at an optimum value for the particular operating conditions of the engine.
It is important that all of the vanes in a given annular array pivot simultaneously and to the same degree. One common way of achieving this is to attach each vane in a given annular array to a common actuation ring by means of levers. The actuation ring circumscribes the compressor or turbine casing which contains the vanes. Each vane has a lever attached to it which is also pivotally attached to the actuation ring. Rotation of the ring about the engine axis over a limited circumferential distance provides the desired simultaneous pivoting of the vanes.
Under normal circumstances, such vane actuation mechanisms are highly satisfactory. However if one or more of the vanes in a given array should not pivot due, for instance, to thermal or mechanical deterioration, their actuation levers could be subject to uncontrolled flexure. As well as possibly causing damage to the actuation mechanism, there would also be non-simultaneous actuation of the vanes in the array. Such non simultaneous actuation is highly undesirable since it could result in cyclic fatigue damage of the rotor assembly immediately upstream or downstream of the vanes. This, in turn, could possibly lead to engine failure.
It is our object of the present invention to provide a vane actuation mechanism in which such uncontrolled flexure of the mechanism is substantially avoided.

Gas turbine engine variable aerofoil vane actuation mechanism


An electronic movie camera system having a projecting function as well as a view finding function. The system includes a system body, a housing mounted on the system body, an LCD panel disposed within the housing to display an image corresponding to an image signal received from the system body, a focusing lens unit mounted to one end of the housing disposed rearwardly of the LCD panel and adapted to project the displayed image on an external screen, a back light disposed rearwardly of the LCD panel to emit a view finding light, a polarizing plate disposed forwardly of the LCD panel, a view finder coupling unit selectively attached to the other end of the housing disposed forwardly of the LCD panel, the view finder coupling unit having an eye lens, and a projector coupling unit selectively attached to the other end of the housing, the projector coupling unit having a light source for emitting a projecting light and a condensing lens for the projecting light, whereby the movie camera system is capable of both a view finding operation and a projecting operation.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to movie camera systems more particularly, to a movie camera system having a projecting operation as well as a view finding operation.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Generally, an electronic movie camera system is called a "camcorder," and comprises essentially three parts: a video cassette recorder (VCR) for recording a video signal of an object being shot or photographed, a camera for reading an image of the object, and a view finder for monitoring the resultant video picture. One example of this form of movie camera system is schematically shown in a block form in FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional electronic movie camera system comprises a camera section 1 for shooting or imaging an object and converting the result into an electrical video signal, a video signal processing circuit 2 for producing a composite video signal based on the video signal from the camera section 1, the composite video signal including luminance and color signals, a VCR section 3 having a recording part 3b for recording the composite video signal from the video signal processing circuit 2 on a VCR tape and a playback part 3a for playing back the composite video signal recorded on the VCR tape, and a view finder circuit 4 for processing the composite video signal from the VCR section 3 or from the video signal processing circuit 2 so that the composite video signal can be displayed on a liquid crystal display (LCD) device or panel 5a of a view finder 5. The view finder 5 is adapted to display the processed video signal from the view finder circuit 4 on the LCD device 5a thereof so that the user can monitor an image of the object being presently or previously imaged.
Referring to FIG. 2a, a schematic sectional view of the view finder 5 in FIG. 1 is shown. As shown in this figure, the view finder 5 includes a view finder housing 5b, the LCD panel 5a disposed in the view finder housing 5b, a first polarizing plate 5c disposed at the front of the LCD panel 5a, a second polarizing plate 5d positioned at the rear of the LCD panel 5a, a light source 5e disposed adjacent to the rear of the second polarizing plate 5d, and an eye lens 5f positioned at the front of the first polarizing plate 5c.
In FIG. 2b, a schematic block diagram of the view finder circuit 4 in FIG. 1 is shown. The view finder circuit 4 includes a signal processor 4a for processing a composite video signal from the VCR section 3 or from the video signal processing circuit 2 so that the composite video signal can be displayed on the LCD panel 5a of the view finder 5, an LCD driver 4b for driving the LCD panel 5a of the view finder 5 to display the processed video signal from the signal processor 4a on the LCD panel 5a, a synchronization controller 4c for synchronizing vertical and horizontal portions of the video signal being displayed on the LCD panel 5a, and a light source driver 4d for driving the light source 5e of the view finder 5 so that the light source 5e can provide a back light to the LCD panel 5a. The camcorder containing this form of LCD view finder is available from the SONY or SANYO Company, Japan, for example.
The operation of the conventional movie camera system with the above-mentioned construction will be described hereinafter.
First, the camera section 1 images an object and outputs the resultant electrical video signal to the video signal processing circuit 2, which produces a composite video signal based on the video signal from the camera section 1 and outputs the composite video signal to the VCR section 3. The composite video signal is comprised of luminance and color signals Y and C. Upon receiving the composite video signal from the video signal processing circuit 2, the recording part 3b of the VCR section 3 records the received composite video signal on the VCR tape. The composite video signal from the video signal processing circuit is also transferred to the view finder circuit 4, which performs a process such that the composite video signal can be displayed on the LCD panel 5a of the view finder 5. The processed video signal from the view finder circuit 4 is provided for the LCD panel 5a of the view finder circuit 5, resulting in a desired image being displayed on the LCD panel 5a.
The desired image is displayed on the LCD panel 5a, which is lighted in a proper amount by the light source 5e, so that the user can image (or shoot) the object, while viewing the image on the LCD panel 5a through the eye lens 5f. In this manner, the user, while imaging an object, can monitor through the view finder 5 the played back video signal from the VCR tape as well as the image of the object.
In FIG. 3a, a schematic sectional view of a conventional projector 6 is shown. The conventional projector 6 includes a projector housing 6a, an LCD panel 6b disposed centrally in the projector housing 6a, a first polarizing plate 6c positioned at the front of the LCD panel 6b, a second polarizing plate 6d positioned at the rear of the LCD panel 6b, a light source 6e located at a certain distance from the rear of the second polarizing plate 6d, and a projector lens 6f disposed at an opening of the projector housing 6a.
In FIG. 3b, a schematic block diagram of a projector circuit 7 is shown for operating the projector 6 shown in FIG. 3a. As shown in FIG. 3b, the projector circuit 7 includes a signal processor 7a for processing any one of video signals from a VCR, a movie camera and a television receiver so that the video signal can be displayed on the LCD panel 6b of the projector 6, an LCD driver 7b for driving the LCD panel 6b of the projector 6 to display the processed video signal from the signal processor 7a on the LCD panel 6b, a synchronization controller 7c for synchronizing vertical and horizontal portions of the video signal being displayed on the LCD panel 6b, a light source controller 7d for controlling an amount of light from the light source 6e, and an audio signal processor 7e for processing any one of audio signals from the VCR, the movie camera and the television receiver so that the audio signal can be outputted through a speaker SP. This form of projector may be available from the SANYO or FUJIZ Company, Japan, for example.
The operation of the conventional projector with the abovementioned construction will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b.
First, a selected one of the video signals from the VCR, the camcorder and the television receiver is processed by the signal processor 7a so that the selected video signal can be displayed on the LCD panel 6b, and then applied to the LCD driver 7b. The LCD driver 7b drives the LCD panel 6b, thereby displaying the output signal from the signal processor 7a on the LCD panel 6b. At this time, the synchronization controller 7c synchronizes the vertical and horizontal portions of the video signal being displayed on the LCD panel 6b and the light source controller 7d controls an amount of light from the light source 6e so that the video signal displayed on the LCD panel 6b can be projected on a screen.
Accordingly, the video signal on the LCD panel 6b is condensed on the projector lens 6f by a proper amount of light from the light source 6e and then projected to a screen at the front, resulting in a desired image being displayed on the screen.
However, the above-mentioned conventional arts have the following disadvantages.
First, only one person can monitor the image of the object presently or previously displayed in the view finder of the conventional movie camera. For example, when many persons picnic out of town, they cannot simultaneously monitor the object being presently or previously imaged since a separate monitor or television receiver is not present in the fields.
Second, it is inconvenient to connect the movie camera system to the television receiver or monitor when many persons, in a home or office, are to view simultaneously the object imaged by the movie camera system, although the monitor or television receiver is present in the home or office. Also, it is not possible to provide a wide screen for many persons because the screen of the television receiver or monitor is limited in size.
Third, it is required to connect a separate projector to the movie camera system when many persons are to view simultaneously the object imaged by the movie camera system through a wide screen.
Fourth, when the user wishes to view the image of an object provided by the movie camera system through a wide screen such as a screen in a cinema house, for example, he or she must purchase a separate projector, suffering a heavy economical burden.

Movie camera system having view finding and projecting operations


The present disclosure relates to a polycaprolactone microsphere containing vitamin C, a filler including the same and a preparation method therefor. Provided is a polycaprolactone microsphere filler obtained by encapsulating vitamin C in polycaprolactone microspheres, which, when injected into a living body, exhibits a rapid collagen formation effect as well as a high tissue restoration property and maintains the effects for a long period of time, thereby showing excellent restoration or volume expansion or wrinkle improvement properties of soft tissues such as cheeks, breasts, nose, lips, and buttocks and reducing wrinkles.

Dermal fillers are an injection type medical instrument that injects materials safe for a human body into a dermic layer of face to replenish dermal tissues, such as improving wrinkles and volume in aesthetic appearance, and are used for so-called anti-aging treatments, including botulinum toxin (BOTOX®), autologous fat transplantation, thread lift, microneedle, laser treatment, dermabrasion, and the like.
The first-generation dermal filler that was first developed is an animal-derived collagen filler, and is rarely used in recent years because the duration of effect after treatment is short from 2 to 4 months and it is troublesome that dermal hypersensitivity reaction tests must be performed one month before treatment.
The second-generation dermal filler is a hyaluronic acid filler, and is currently the most frequently used filler in that it has a longer duration of effect than a collagen filler, and has significantly less side effects such as dermal hypersensitivity reactions because it is composed of polysaccharides similar to the components of the human body and thus do not require dermal reaction tests like collagen fillers. In particular, hyaluronic acid is easy to treat and remove, has excellent viscoelasticity, maintains the moisture, volume and elasticity of the skin, which is thus very suitable as a raw material for dermal fillers. Recently, studies have been actively conducted to extend the duration of effect by inducing crosslinking of hyaluronic acid to increase particle size and molecular weight, but since the duration of effect is relatively short from 6 to 12 months, it is troublesome that the treatments must be repeated every 6 to 12 months.
The third-generation dermal filler, which is a synthetic polymer filler such as polylactic acid (PLA) or polycaprolactone (PCL), is very gradually decomposed in the human body, and therefore, is used for the purpose of exhibiting a longer duration of effect as compared with collagen and hyaluronic acid fillers which are absorbent fillers. In particular, polycaprolactone is 100% absorbed by the human body and thus is a safe component, and is advantageous in that it is absorbed more slowly than polylactic acid after being implanted into the skin, promotes the production of collagen, and lasts the effect for 1 to 4 years as a soft-feeling tissue having no foreign matter feeling. However, the polycaprolactone filler is a filler in the form of a microsphere and must be administered by suspending it in a gel carrier such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and shows the effects only after 6-8 weeks after injection into the skin. Thus, this is disadvantageous in that the satisfaction of the treatment is lower than that of the hyaluronic acid filler showing an immediate effect after the treatment.
Meanwhile, it is known that vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid, its derivatives and salts enhance the immune function of the human body, promote the production of collagen, and exhibit the effect of maintaining or enhancing the production of hyaluronic acid, whereby they exhibit an anti-aging effect that prevents or improves skin wrinkles, fine lines, freckles, and laxity with aging. However, there is a problem that vitamin C is very unstable both inside and outside the living body, reacts sensitively to the external environment such as air, especially oxygen, heat or light and is easily decomposed by oxidation. Thus, it is a fact that vitamin C is used restrictively in cosmetics and the like for the purpose of forming collagen and improving wrinkles by utilizing stabilized forms such as various derivatives.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new polycaprolactone microparticle filler with improved efficacy by solving the in vivo stability problem of vitamin C by utilizing the properties of the existing polycaprolactone microparticle filler and encapsulating vitamin C with polycaprolactone microspheres.

Vitamin C-containing polycaprolactone microsphere filler and preparation method therefor


Disclosed is a vanadium trap for use in FCC which comprises a major amount of calcined kaolin clay, free magnesium oxide and an in situ formed magnesium silicate cement binder. Also disclosed are procedures for the preparation of the trap by forming a slurry in water of hydrous kaolin clay, magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide and sodium silicate, aging the slurry to form magnesium silicate in situ, optionally adding additional kaolin, colloidal silica or both, spray drying, and calcining the resulting spray dried microspheres without forming appreciable amounts of crystalline magnesium silicates or crystalline magnesium aluminates.

This invention relates to magnesium oxide based compositions in the form of attrition-resistant fluidizable microspheres which are circulated with microspheres of zeolitic fluidizable cracking catalysts. The magnesium oxide based particles minimize or prevent poisoning and deactivation of the zeolitic cracking catalysts by vanadium contained in oil feedstock used in the catalytic cracking process. The invention relates also to processes for producing such compositions by spray drying a slurry containing magnesium oxide, kaolin clay and in situ formed inorganic cement.
Poisoning and deactivation of catalyst in FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) by vanadium in the oil feedstock is one of the most prominent problems faced by operators of oil refineries. Patents including disclosure of the use of alkaline earth compounds, including magnesium oxide, to mitigate the effects of vanadium include U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,465,779, 4,549,548, 4,944,865, WO 82/00105, GB 218314A, EP-A-020151 and EP-A-0189267. In some of these references, the magnesium oxide is contained in discrete particles, separate from the particles of zeolite cracking catalyst. EP-A-270,211 discloses discrete particles in which magnesium is present as a crystalline magnesium silicate, preferably fosterite. The material containing crystalline magnesium silicate may be produced by spray during a slurry containing magnesium carbonate and kaolin clay, followed by high temperature calcination to react the magnesium with silica in the clay, forming the crystalline magnesium silicate. Other disclosures of crystalline magnesium containing silicates (clays such as sepiolite) appear in U.S. Pat. No. 4,549,548 supra.
Efforts to develop products and processing modifications to mitigate vanadium passivation are by no means limited to the use of alkaline earth material. To the best of our knowledge, however, no magnesium based additive has enjoyed widespread commercial success. Certain perovskites such as barium titanate are employed commercially. Perovskites are expensive. Perovskites are not considered to be very effective in reducing SOx emissions in regenerator flue gas. Alkaline earth material, especially magnesium oxide, offers the additional benefit of reducing Sox in regenerator flue gas from cracking units. See, for example, WO 82/00105GB (supra).
There is strong motivation to utilize the inherent vanadium binding and Sox capturing capacity of magnesium oxide in FCC operations utilizing feedstocks having a high content of vanadium. References cited above give some indication of past efforts to produce magnesium oxide based vanadium passivating particles adapted for co-circulating with zeolite cracking catalysts. Commercial success has not measured up to the motivation. One primary challenge was to provide a metals passivator in a physical form of particles sufficiently attrition-resistant for use in FCC, while maintaining the magnesium in most reactive form (oxide). This problem was addressed in EP-A-270,211. The solution proposed in that patent application resulted in particles that were attrition-resistant in fresh form but lost hardness when subjected to steaming in testing.
Magnesium oxide without a binder/matrix is unsuitable for use in an FCC unit when it must be circulated through the reactor and regenerator of an FCC unit along with cracking catalyst particles. This is because particles of magnesium oxide readily break down into a powder when subjected to attritive forces. Note that in one of the earliest proposals to use magnesia in an FCC unit to combat SOx (U.S. Pat. No. 3,699,037), the material was circulated in the regenerator to bind SOx. The magnesia attrited during such use, eventually to be withdrawn from the regenerator with flue gas without circulating in the cracker, as would be required to achieve vanadium passivation. Because of the friable nature of magnesium oxide particles, the material did not circulate with the catalyst during the FCC cycle.
Numerous patents, including several of those cited above, disclose formulations based on composites of magnesia with kaolin clay. Kaolin clay is a widely used matrix component for cracking catalyst because it is inexpensive and has potential binding properties. Also, it is relatively catalytically inert in calcined form and is a prime candidate as a matrix/diluent for a vanadium passivator based on magnesia, wherein catalytic activity is not desired. An advantage of using kaolin clay as a matrix/diluent is that it can readily be formed into substantially catalytically inert particles by forming a dispersed concentrated fluid slurry to form microspheres, followed by spray drying. When dried, especially when calcined, kaolin also serves as a binding function.
Several of the references noted above provide examples of MgO/kaolin microspheres prepared by means including spray drying, but they do not disclose the composition of the feed slurry to the spray dryer. They do not provide information about attrition-resistance. There is no indication that the inventors were concerned with attrition-resistance or steam stability of the products. In the case of WO 82/00105GH, the matrix was a mixture of kaolin and silica-alumina gel, a conventional matrix for zeolite crystals in an active cracking catalyst. Silica-alumina is a material known to possess catalytic activity.
EP-A-270211, supra, refers to difficulties encountered in achieving attrition-resistance by mixing magnesia with kaolin clay, spray drying and calcination.
Those skilled in the art of handling clays are aware that introduction of magnesium ions into clay slurries causes the slurry to flocculate and thicken. This has been used with benefit in the formulation of various clay-based drilling mud. However, flocculation and thickening causes formidable problems in producing magnesia/kaolin clay products useful for FCC wherein particles of appreciable magnesium oxide content are produced in spray dryers. It is a simple matter to provide a dispersed kaolin slurry that is sufficiently fluid at a high enough concentration (e.g., 50% solids) to produce coherent microspheres. However, if kaolin is spray dried at low solids, e.g., 10%, the microspheres will fall apart before they can be hardened by calcination. If magnesium is added to such a high solids fluid dispersed slurry of kaolin in more than a trace amount, the slurry will flocculate and thicken. If enough magnesium ions are introduced, a solid gel forms and the slurry cannot be formed into microspheres by spray drying using known technology. Addition of magnesium oxide to a kaolin slurry in amount sufficient to produce spray dried particles having a sufficiently high MgO content for effective vanadium passivation will result in a slurry that cannot be spray dried in continuous commercial spray drying equipment. This problem plagued the inventors of the subject patent application in their pursuit of developing attrition-resistance spray dried microspheres containing magnesia with a clay diluent which meet the criteria for a good vanadium trap: attrition-resistance; high capacity for vanadium trapping; good vanadium passivation; and very high trapping efficiency (i.e., fast vanadium uptake).
To produce such particles it was necessary to overcome the difficulty caused by flocculation of a dispersed slurry of kaolin clay by the incorporation magnesium ions, resulting in thickening or even gelation of the slurry and, ultimately, the inability to formulate a slurry of sufficiently high solids content to produce attrition-resistant spray dried microspheres. The need to control flocculation and thickening to achieve hardness was counterbalanced by the need to product microspheres that were sufficiently porous to function as an effective magnesium passivator.

Composition for passivating vanadium in catalytic cracking and preparation thereof


A light emitting diode (LED) backlight driving circuit includes an LED light bar, a power supply that drives the LED light bar to light, a short-circuit protection unit, and a divider resistor. An output end of the LED light bar is coupled to the short-circuit protection unit and the divider resistor. The short-circuit protection unit includes a comparing unit and a driving unit coupled to the comparing unit. Voltage of two ends of the divider resistor is regarded as a feedback voltage, and the feedback voltage and a first reference voltage are input to the comparing unit. When a difference value of the first reference voltage subtracted from the feedback voltage is greater than a preset deviation value, the driving unit controls the power supply to turn off. When brightness of one normal LED light bars reaches a maximum, the first reference voltage is greater than or equal to voltage of two ends of the divider resistor corresponding to the one normal LED light bar.

A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a liquid circuit (LC) panel and a backlight unit. A typical backlight unit includes a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) light bars and a driving circuit of the LED light bars. Due to different LED light bars having different voltages, a voltage difference is generated between the different LED light bars, and the voltage difference is input to a constant current driving chip or other components, which increases temperature of the constant current driving chip and other components. One method is used to solve the above-mentioned problem: changing a duty cycle and current value of the each of the LED light bars, and maintaining an average current and voltage of each of the LED light bars to be same. For example, if voltage of one LED light bar is very low, the voltage of the one LED light bar can be increased by correspondingly increasing a current value of the one LED light bar, and simultaneously reducing a pulse-width modulation (PWM), and the voltage difference is reduced by adjusting the dirt cycle of the each of the LED light bars, and the power is kept constant.
However, when one or more LED lamps of the LED light has short-circuits, the above-mentioned method cannot determine whether the LED light bar short-circuits, thus, which is not able to provide effective short-circuit protection of the LED light bar.

LED backlight driving circuit, LCD device, and method for driving the LED backlight driving circuit


Embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method of providing analog setpoints that eliminate, or at least substantially reduces, the shortcomings of prior art analog setpoint systems and methods. One embodiment of the present invention includes a method of multiplexing analog setpoints comprising transmitting the analog signal to a plurality of target devices, wherein the analog signal represents multiple setpoints, transmitting a first setpoint indicator separate from the analog signal to indicate to a first target device that a first setpoint for the first target device is being represented by the analog signal, saving a first setpoint value asserted by the analog signal at the first target device in response to the first setpoint indicator.

Many control devices rely on analog setpoints to indicate a desired state to which a system should be controlled. An analog setpoint is typically a voltage or current applied to a controller that represents a desired value of a measured parameter. The voltage/current may represent a desired value of a temperature, motor speed, pressure, pressure differential, temperature differential or other parameter. The analog setpoint is typically digitized at the controller and converted to a setpoint value for the parameter. The setpoint value can be compared to measured values of the parameter for control purposes. For example, a temperature controller can receive an analog signal of 2.2 Volts, digitize the signal and convert the value to 20 degrees Celsius. The controller can then compare the measured temperature values in a system to determine if the temperature needs to be raised or lowered to reach 20 degrees Celsius. A variety of control schemes, including proportional control schemes, proportional integral, proportional integral derivative, fuzzy logic control schemes are known for controlling a process parameter based on a setpoint.
Many existing controllers only have one or a limited number of analog ports available over which to send or receive a setpoint signal. For a controller that asserts analog setpoints to other controllers, this limits the number of devices it can control. In other words, the number of slave controllers to which a particular master controller can assert setpoints is limited to the number of analog ports at the master controller. Additionally, for each controller to which a setpoint is asserted, a separate analog communications link is required.

System and method for multiplexing setpoints


A printing apparatus includes a roll-out motor that rotates a roll body supported by a roll body support unit, a feed roller pair that transports a paper drawn from the roll body, and a load measuring unit that measures a rotation load of the roll body when the roll body is rotated at a low speed and a rotation load of the roll body when the roll body is rotated at a high speed. A rotation angle range in which the roll body is rotated at the high speed is greater than a rotation angle range in which the roll body is rotated at the low speed. In one rotation of the roll body, at least a part of the rotation angle range of the roll body rotated at the low speed overlaps with the rotation angle range of the roll body rotated at the high speed.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a printing apparatus that performs printing on a print medium drawn from a roll body having an elongated shape.
2. Related Art
In a printing apparatus in which a roll body where a print medium such as a long paper sheet is lap-wound is loaded, a feed roller pair pinches the print medium and rotates, so that the roll body is driven to be rotated, and the print medium is drawn from the roll body. In this case, a new roll body is heavy for a while after the new roll body is loaded, so that a large force by which the feed roller pair draws the print medium from the roll body is applied to the print medium as a pulling force, and thus there is a risk that the print medium is broken.
Therefore, an ordinary printing apparatus has a roll-out motor that drives and rotates the roll body in addition to a feed motor that drives and rotates the feed roller pair. Further, the ordinary printing apparatus controls the drive of the roll-out motor and the feed motor so as to be able to draw the print medium from the roll body while suppressing the force by which the feed roller pair draws the print medium from the roll body (for example, see JP-A-2014-5108).
As the print medium is drawn from the roll body, the radius of the roll body decreases and the rotation load (torque) of the roll body decreases. Therefore, when the roll-out motor rotates the roll body by a constant driving force, as the radius of the roll body decreases, the rotation speed of the roll body increases and there is a risk that the print medium is slackened between the roll body and the feed roller pair in a transport path of the print medium.
Therefore, the printing apparatus of JP-A-2014-5108 performs measurement processing which measures a relationship between the rotation load applied to the roll-out motor when the roll-out motor is driven and the print medium is drawn from the roll body while the feed motor is stopped and the rotation speed of the roll-out motor in order to constantly apply a predetermined tensile force to the print medium drawn from the roll body. Then, the printing apparatus of JP-A-2014-5108 performs control in which variation of the rotation load applied to the roll-out motor, which is caused by change of the rotation load of the roll body, is suppressed by using a measurement value (for example, a motor instruction value) obtained by the measurement processing.
By the way, in the measurement processing, the printing apparatus of JP-A-2014-5108 measures the relationship between the rotation load applied to the roll-out motor from the roll body and the rotation speed of the roll-out motor by rotating the roll body by one turn in each of a low speed mode and a high speed mode of the roll-out motor. Therefore, the measurement processing takes a long time.


In a calibration method, the relation between dopant concentrations of δ-doping layers in a multilayered semiconductor structure and process parameters is determined S1 based on multiple bulk specimens of the material in which the δ-doping layers are located. A desired dopant concentration is selected S2, and the semiconductor structure with predetermined doping levels can be generated S3 based on the relation between the process parameters and the predetermined doping concentrations.

Recent demands for multi-terabit communication require external amplitude modulators operating at low voltages. Amplitude modulators based on the Quantum Confined Stark Effect (QCSE) in Group III-V semiconductors multiple quantum well (MQW) systems are suitable for meeting these technological demands and, therefore much attention has been devoted to their development. One of the crucial requirements for efficient modulation at high bit rates is that the change in absorption per applied voltage is as large as possible. In other words, the Stark shift should be maximized. The larger the quantum well the larger the Stark shift. However, increasing the quantum well width decreases the oscillator strength for absorption. Thus, a compromise is imposed.
An alternative for increasing the Stark shift has been proposed by Batty and Allsop [1]. They have theoretically shown that the introduction of a so called nipi-δ-doping superlattice in a MQW structure where the quantum well is n-δ doped while the barrier is p-δ doped, may double the Stark shift.
δ-doping is a doping technique that attempts to spatially confine the dopant impurities to one or a few atomic layers during epitaxial growth of semiconductors. The basic idea of δ-doping superlattices is to create a periodic band edge modulation in real space without changes in the chemical composition of the semiconductor. There are several possible layer schemes which create a band edge modulation. One example is the nipi-δ-doping superlattice, which consists of a series of alternating n-type and p-type δ-doping layers separated by intrinsic layers. This type of superlattice causes a saw tooth shaped potential profile in the MQW-structure. The δ-doping layers are separated by the same distance, where, if the barrier between the doping planes is small enough, interaction is possible between the electronic wave functions of the neighboring δ-doping layers.
If the nipi-MQW structures are to be used in amplitude modulators, some requirements should be fulfilled. The presence of the nipi-δ-doping superlattice should not introduce energy levels in the forbidden gap, otherwise, in the ON state of the device, light could be absorbed, thereby dramatically increasing insertion losses. For applications where the MQW-structure forms the active region of the device, it is crucial that the net doping corresponds to an undoped structure, so that the applied electric field is uniformly distributed over the entire MQW region. It is therefore essential to balance out the electron and the hole concentrations in the δ-layers. However, the required balance between n-type doping levels and p-type doping levels is not trivial to achieve due to the presence of interface hole traps whose population depends on the quantum well doping concentration.
Prior art semiconductor amplitude modulators are adapted for 2.5 or 10 GHz. In order to reach higher frequencies (use lower ac voltages) it is fundamental that the Stark shift, and consequently the change in absorption, is larger.

Method for dopant calibration of delta doped multilayered structure


An active overload detection and protection circuit for protecting a host device (e.g., an implantable cardiac therapy device) from potential damage due to high voltage transients applied to an I/O node thereof. The protection circuit includes an I/O circuit coupled to the I/O node, the I/O circuit having low-impedance and high-impedance modes, a current overload detection circuit coupled to the I/O circuit which detects a current overload condition induced by a high voltage transient, and which generates an overload detect signal in response, and, a mode changing circuit which changes the mode of the I/O circuit from the low-impedance mode to the high-impedance mode in response to the overload detect signal. The protection circuit further includes a reset circuit which generates a reset signal a prescribed time after the overload detect signal is generated, wherein the mode changing circuit is responsive to the reset signal to change the mode of the I/O circuit. The current overload detection circuit includes circuitry which ensures that the overload detect signal is generated only when an overload current flowing through the I/O circuit is greater than a prescribed threshold level for at least a prescribed time period. The mode changing circuit includes logic circuitry which generates a mode change control signal only when both the overload detect signal and a first control signal are present.

The present invention relates generally to implantable cardiac therapy devices, and more particularly, to an active overload detection and protection circuit for such devices.
Implantable cardiac therapy devices include implantable pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. An implantable pacemaker monitors the intrinsic electrical activity of the patient's heart and if a natural heart beat is not detected within a prescribed time period, the pacemaker delivers (via a lead system) an electrical stimulation or pacing pulse to force the heart muscle tissue to contract, thereby assuring that a minimum heart rate is maintained. In this way, bradycardia is terminated or prevented. Contemporary implantable cardioverter-defibriliators (ICDs) monitor the intrinsic electrical activity of the patient's heart in accordance with a diagnostic or detection algorithm by analyzing electrograms (EGMs) generated by sensing electrodes positioned proximate the sino-atrial and/or atrio-ventricular node of the patient's heart, and most advantageously, in the right ventricular apex of the patient's heart.
Typical current-generation ICDs are capable of delivering various types or levels of cardiac therapy (i.e., "tiered therapy"). The first type or level of therapy is bradycardia and antitachycardia pacing (ATP), in which a low level of electrical energy (generally between millionths to thousandths of a joule) is delivered to the patient's heart (via a lead system) in order to correct detected episodes of bradycardia or tachycardia, respectively. The second type or level of therapy is cardioversion, in which an intermediate level of electrical energy (generally between 1-5 joules) is delivered to the patient's heart (via a lead system) to terminate a detected episode of ventricular arrhythmia (e.g., a detected heart beat in the range of 130-190 beats/minute) or an ongoing episode of tachycardia that ATP therapy has failed to tenninate. The third type or level of therapy is defibrillation, in which a high level of electrical energy (generally above 15 joules) is delivered to the patient's heart (via a lead system) in order to terminate a detected episode of ventricular fibrillation or an episode of ventricular tachycardia which has degraded into ventricular fibrillation due to failure of cardioversion therapy. The defibrillation energy is typically stored in a defibrillation energy storage capacitor ("output capacitor") which is charged by a high-voltage charging circuit, and then delivered as an electrical shock(s) by means of a high-voltage output switching circuit which discharges the output capacitor.
At various times during normal operation of an implantable cardiac therapy device, the device circuitry is particularly susceptible to being damaged by external high voltage transients, such as those produced when the patient is subjected to external defibrillation. Such external high voltage transients can induce large (>150 mA) and slow (longer than 10 ns) current pulses within the device circuitry, which can cause significant damage to the device circuitry. Presently available ICDs include passive protection circuitry to prevent such current overload conditions from arising and damaging the device. Since this protection circuitry is passive, it does not have the capability of actively detecting a current overload condition. Further, the passive current overload protection circuitry is inadequate to protect the device circuitry against certain current overload conditions, such as those occasioned by external high voltage transients encountered during external defibrillation, especially during periods when the device is particularly vulnerable to damage, e.g., during pacing, plethesmography, and output capacitor discharge periods.
Based on the above, it can be appreciated that there presently exists a need in the art for an implantable cardiac therapy device which overcomes the above-described disadvantages and shortcomings of the presently available devices. More particularly, there presently exists a need in the art for an implantable cardiac therapy device which includes an active overload detection and protection circuit which is capable of actively detecting a current overload condition and of placing the device in a current overload protection mode which minimizes potential damage to the device circuitry. The present invention fulfills this need in the art.

Active overload detection and protection circuit for implantable cardiac therapy devices


A self service terminal (10) and method of operating a self-service terminal (10) having a user interface (14) for interacting with a user (12). The terminal (10) includes a sensing device (18, 20, or 22) for sensing physiological data associated with a user, an analyzing device (74) for analyzing the physiological data to deduce the user's emotional state, and a controlling device (72) responsive to the analyzing device (74) for adapting the terminal's interaction with the user in response to the user's emotional state.

The present invention relates to a self-service terminal (SST). In particular, the invention relates to a public access self-service terminal such as an automated teller machine (ATM) or a non-cash kiosk.
It is well known that ATMs are commonly used as a convenient source of cash and other financial transactions. Some users of ATMs desire a quick cash dispense transaction (sometimes referred to as fast cash) without viewing any promotional material (such as advertisements or marketing information) or other services (such as other transactions). Other users, however, are willing to view promotional material and/or services on ATMs depending on certain factors, such as whether they are in a hurry, whether they are interested in the type of product or service that is being promoted, or such like. If promotional material or services are presented to users at inappropriate times, or if an ATM transaction is lengthened because of presenting other services or soliciting some input from the user, then the user may be annoyed by the delay and as a result may be unsatisfied with the ATM transaction.


A deployable bridge includes a plurality of identical bridge sections each having two identical track elements. Each track element has a roadway carrier, a bottom boom and adjustment elements connecting the bottom boom with the roadway carrier. The bottom boom of each track element includes a mid section and two end sections flanking the mid section. Each track element further comprises pillars having opposite first and second ends. The first end of the pillars is articulated to the mid section of the bottom boom. Each track element also has a drive shaft assembly suspended from the track element; spindle sleeves inserted on the drive shaft assembly; and a spindle head threadedly mounted on each spindle sleeve. The pillars are articulated by the second end thereof to a respective spindle head. There are further provided coupling elements attached to opposite ends of the drive shaft assembly; and separate connecting elements for torque-transmittingly connecting the spindle sleeves with the drive shaft assembly.

This invention relates to a deployable bridge composed of a plurality of identical bridge sections each having two identical lateral track elements and each being provided with a roadway carrier and a bottom boom (chord) that is connected with the roadway carrier by means of adjustment elements. The bottom boom is adjustable in height with respect to the roadway carrier and constitutes a bottom tensioning assembly. The track elements of each bridge section are connected with one another by transverse supports and the roadway carriers and the bottom booms of bridge sections that are arranged one behind the other can be coupled together. The invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with a telescoping carrier for laying the bridge.
Deployable bridges are employed for allowing vehicles weighing up to about 70 tons to traverse obstacles such as bodies of water, depressions in the terrain and the like. While the majority of the obstacles lie in a range of about 14 m, the vehicles should also be able to traverse obstacles of 40 to 45 m. It is known to assemble for this purpose deployable bridges from a different number of bridge sections depending on the desired bridge length. It is of advantage to selectively use identical bridge sections as end or ramp sections or as center or intermediate sections.
A bridge of the above-outlined type is disclosed in German Offenlegungsschrift 38 14 502 to which corresponds U.S. Pat. No. 5,042,101. The bottom booms of the bridge elements disclosed therein are arranged in a straight line one behind the other and the roadway carriers constituting the track form an upwardly oriented polygon. Since the roadway carriers have a uniform length, the bottom booms and the cross-struts that connect the bottom booms with the roadway carriers must be varied in length depending on the position of the bridge element within the bridge before they can be finally locked and coupled together. Such an arrangement, however, has the drawback that a considerable amount of time is required for the installation of the entire bridge. Moreover, this known bridge has the drawback that its structural height is considerable if the bridge is long so that the vehicles must traverse a "mountain" which greatly reduces the crossing performance.
German Offenlegungsschrift 28 07 859 discloses a bridge that is composed of individual elements. In this structure, however, non-identical bridge elements (ramp sections and center or intermediate units) are provided and a separate bottom tensioning assembly with a reinforcing chain and mechanically adjustable pillars are used. The unlike elements (ramps and end sections as well as intermediate and middle sections) involve increased transporting expenses compared to identical bridge elements. Moreover, the number of bridges that can be built from these bridge elements is limited to the number of available ramp sections.
German Patent 1,207,948 discloses a deployable bridge composed of sections (ramp sections and center sections) each having two pairs of juxtaposed bridge elements. Each bridge element includes a roadway carrier forming the track and a bottom boom, all connected with the roadway carrier by pillars that are disposed at the beginning and at the end of the bridge elements. The pillars which are subjected to pressure have a joint in the center to render them collapsible and the bottom boom can be folded against the roadway carriers. This results in a lower transporting height for the bridge elements as compared to the height of the finished bridge structure. The corner points of the bridge carriers are provided with diagonally arranged tension elements which impart additional stability to the bridge carrier and to the bridge section. The assembly of the bridge is performed individually for each bridge element which involves a considerable installation time. The bridge sections for the ramps and the major portion of the bridge are unlike structures.

Deployable bridge and vehicle for laying the bridge

Krupp Industrietechnik Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung


The present invention provides an electronic cigarette and an electronic cigarette box thereof. The electronic cigarette box includes a box body, a battery, a control module, a battery pole charging module for charging a battery, a battery charging module for charging the battery, and an electric shock module. The box body has an accommodating chamber. The battery is disposed inside the accommodating chamber. The control module is connected with a rechargeable battery. The battery charging module, the battery pole charging module and the electric shock module are all connected to the control module, the electric shock module has a control switch. The high-voltage electric shock module can release high voltage for self-defense. User can control turn-on or turn-off of the high-voltage electric shock module by the controlling the switch.

Cigarettes, as a hobby good, are widely appreciated by people, especially men. However, the tar in cigarettes is harmful to human health, most of which are carcinogens, and secondary smoking cause great harm on non-smokers, so most public places have banned smoking But for smokers, quitting smoking is a very difficult thing, so a lot of cigarettes alternatives such as electronic cigarettes in place of cigarettes came into the market.
Electronic cigarettes, also known as virtual cigarettes, or electronic atomizers, are mainly used for smoking cessation and alternatives cigarettes. It has the same appearance as the cigarettes and taste similar to cigarettes, and can suck out the smoke, suck out the taste with feeling, but it has no other harmful components such as tar in cigarettes, aerosols and so on.
Conventional electronic cigarette has battery inside, which charge a battery pole, so that the electronic cigarette can be used repeatedly. However, the electronic cigarette only has simulation cigarettes and charging function, the function is single.

Electronic cigarette box and electronic cigarette

HUIZHOU KIMREE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., SHENZHEN BRANCH


A plumber's caddy is disclosed which provides a holder for plumbing tools, fittings and supplies. An arm permits the caddy to be secured to a member such as a ceiling joist. The arm is jointed in one or more places such that the holder can move relative to the fastener. A swivel joint is disclosed which permits rotation and tilting of the holder relative to the fastener. Hangers are provided for hanging tools from the holder.

Plumbers are routinely required to install and repair piping for water and waste lines. Such piping is typically made of PVC or metal. Work on PVC pipes requires tools, fittings, PVC primer and glue. Work on metal pipes requires tools, fittings and flux.
Water and waste pipes are often located in ceilings and other inaccessible places. There is often very limited space in which the plumber can work in order to gain access to these pipes for installation and repair. The space available for placing tools, fittings and materials is therefore limited. It is therefore very difficult to keep the necessary tools and materials close at hand, especially when the plumber has to work from a ladder and with both hands.
Fittings, primer, glue or flux and tools must be readily accessible to the plumber. Tools can be carried on a belt, but primer and glue usually have to be balanced on the ladder. One solution is to tape the cans of primer and glue. However, spills and drops are still commonplace.
There is a long-felt need to provide some way for plumbers to have easy access to tools, fittings and materials, especially PVC glue and primer, so that their hands are free and so that spills and drops of fittings and tools are minimized. The present invention addresses this long-felt need.


To eliminate the need for additional operating elements for fine tuning the management of the engine and transmission of a mobile agricultural vehicle, the electronic transmission-control unit is connected via an ISO bus to the ISO bus terminal, such that current transmission data can be displayed in the cabin of the vehicle and adjustments can be made via the ISO bus terminal to modify this transmission data.

DE 102 49 757 A1 discloses an agricultural commercial vehicle to which mounted implements can be attached. The vehicle comprising a CAN bus by way of which data and information exchange takes place within the vehicle and comprising an ISO bus such that data and information exchange takes place between the vehicle and the mounted implement. When using mounted implements, signals are passed on via the ISO bus without prior activation or bypassing of actuators. This makes it possible to operate the mounted implements also by way of an external key device arranged on the agricultural vehicle.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile agricultural vehicle in which the driver can control the vehicle and the mounted implements using a single display and control unit.


Disclosed are a crystal form of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate salt and a method for preparing the same. The crystal form is: Form C of the crystal form of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate calcium salt, where the X-ray diffraction pattern has diffraction peaks at the 2θ angles of 6.3±0.2 and 19.2±0.2; or the crystal form of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate strontium salt, where the X-ray diffraction pattern has diffraction peaks at the 2θ angles of 6.5±0.2 and 22.0±0.2. The crystal form of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate salt of the present invention has the advantages of excellent physicochemical properties, good stability, high purity, good reproducibility, and being more suitable for production on an industrial scale.

1. Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of crystal forms of compounds, and specifically relates to a crystal form of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate salt and methods for preparing the same and uses of the same.
2. Related Art
The crystal forms of active pharmaceutical ingredients are closely associated with the biological activity, bioavailability, dissolution, stability, and shelf life thereof. Therefore, during the research and development of new drugs, screening of crystal form is one of the most important tasks. Even if the drug has been on the market for many years, seeking more effective crystal forms of the drug is still the goal intensely pursued by pharmaceutical companies.
5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid was first separated from a horse liver in the form of barium salt by Donaldson et al. in 1959 and was named as Prefolic-A, and was synthesized by a chemical method in 1961 (K. O. Donaldson et al., Fed. Proc, (1961), 20, 453).
The 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid molecule has two chiral carbon atoms, where the configuration of the chiral carbon atom at the glutamic acid site is certain, while the chiral carbon atom at Site 6 has two configurations R and S, and therefore, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid has been used in the form of a diastereomeric mixture. It is reported that, the two isomers have different effects with in vivo enzymes, where the compound with S configuration of the carbon atom at site 6 exhibits good efficacy, while the compound with R configuration of the carbon atom at site 6 almost has no efficacy in comparison.
The chemical name of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid is (6S)—N[4-[[(2-amino-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxo-5-methyl-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid, referred to as (6S)-5-MTHF for short hereinafter. The structural formula is shown in Formula 1:

(6S)-5-MTHF and salts thereof are very unstable and easily degraded, and especially are highly sensitive to oxygen and moisture (A. L. Fitzhugh, Pteridines 1993, 4(4), 187-191). In the air, (6S)-5-MTHF and salts thereof are easily oxidized into 5-methyldihydrofolic acid and/or folic acid and the like. Therefore, it is difficult to prepare high-purity and high-stability bulk pharmaceutical chemicals or food additives, to meet the quality standards.
Due to the physical and chemical properties of (6S)-5-MTHF, it is difficult to prepare a stable crystal form of (6S)-5-MTHF by a conventional crystallization process. In the past few decades of production of (6S)-5-MTHF and preparation of formulations thereof, a reducing agent, for example, Vitamin C or 2-mercaptoethanol, is often added to achieve the purpose of anti-oxidation.
Patent Document U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,500 reports a process for preparing a stable crystal form of (6S)-5-MTHF calcium salt. The process includes the following steps: first, preparing amorphous (6S)-5-MTHF calcium salt, then transferring into boiling water of 100° C. to form a solution, cooling and standing overnight at room temperature. The collected solid is called to be a stable crystal product. However, relevant crystal parameters are not reported in this patent.
Patent Document U.S. Pat. No. 6,441,168 discloses a crystal form of (6S)-5-MTHF calcium salt with extremely high stability and a method for preparing the same. (6S)-5-MTHF sodium salt and calcium chloride are subjected to heat treatment in a polar solvent at about 90° C. to obtain four stable crystal forms of (6S)-5-MTHF calcium salt, which are respectively Form I having 2θ values of 6.3, 13.3, 16.8, and 20.1, Form II having 2θ values of 5.3, 6.9, 5.7, and 21.1, Form III having 2θ values of 6.8, 10.2, 15.4, and 22.5, and Form IV having 2θ values of 6.6, 15.9, 20.2, and 22.5.
Patent Document WO2008144953 discloses a process for preparing a stable amorphous (6S)-5-MTHF calcium salt, in which a crystal form of (6S)-5-MTHF is used as a raw material, calcium chloride is added for slow crystallization. The whole crystallization process in this patent is very complex, and the crystallization time is 16 to 18 hours, thereby reducing the production capacity in the product procedure.

Crystal form of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate salt and method for preparing same

LIANYUNGANG JINKANG HEXIN PHARMACEUTICAL CO. LTD.


An anti-tip mechanism for use with a wheelchair is provided. The anti-tip mechanism has a support frame being adapted to be coupled to the wheelchair. A first and a second wheel support arm extend outwardly from the support frame and are pivotally coupled thereto. A wheel is rotatably connected to each of the support arms. An adjusting mechanism is coupled between the frame and the support arms. The adjusting mechanism is adapted to change the position of the support arms relative to the frame. In this manner, the adjusting mechanism is adapted to raise and lower the wheels. The anti-tip wheels of the wheelchair are thus adjustable to different fixed positions relative to the support frame by operation of the adjusting mechanism.

Not Applicable.
Not Applicable.
The present invention relates to wheelchairs for use by disabled persons. More specifically, the present invention relates to a detachable foot support assembly that has adjustable wheels to allow it to function as an anti-tip device or to assist the wheelchair in overcoming obstacles.
A common problem associated with three-quarter drive or mid-wheel drive wheelchairs is the tendency to tip or become unstable when the wheelchair is either stopping or moving down an incline. When the unit tips, the user could fall out of the wheelchair if not supported by a seat belt, or the whole unit could tip over. This problem is typically addressed by providing a set of anti-tip wheels on either the front of the wheelchair to prevent tipping forward or on the back of the wheelchair to prevent tipping backward. These anti-tip wheels are usually located in close proximity to the ground to allow for greater stability and less space for the chair to tip.
Another common problem for wheelchair users is the difficulty of maneuvering the wheelchair over objects such as curbs or other physical barriers. When faced with a barrier that is not convenient or possible to circumnavigate, the wheelchair user can attempt to go over the barrier. However, this can result in damage to the wheelchair. For example, the front of the chair can be damaged or, if the front of the unit successfully climbs the barrier, the chair may become stuck or grounded on the barrier if the rear wheels are not able to overcome the barrier. Thus, the user is not only stranded but the wheelchair undercarriage and frame might also suffer damage.
One way to address this problem is to provide a set of wheels on the front end of the wheelchair assembly in a manner that allows the wheels to engage the barrier and assist the wheelchair in rolling over the barrier by raising the entire assembly. To perform this function, such wheels may be disposed higher above the ground than typical anti-tip wheels and are preferably adjusted to the approximate height of the typical barrier that is encountered.
This type of assembly has inherent disadvantages. For example, another deficiency of the known configurations is that in order to convert the wheels from anti-tip to barrier hurdle mode, the wheelchair must be disassembled and tools are required to make the required adjustments. Not only is this time consuming and inconvenient, but many wheelchair users cannot perform the transformation without assistance.
An attempted resolution of these problems is to provide a wheel assembly wherein the wheels are adjustable by virtue of being mounted with a resilient suspensionxe2x80x94typically with springs. In this prior art solution, the anti-tip wheels are set in a position relatively low to the ground. This allows the wheels to serve an anti-tip function. When the wheels encounter a barrier, the springs are designed to xe2x80x9cgive,xe2x80x9d allowing the anti-tip wheels to be raised. This attempted resolution is deficient in that the spring tension in the suspension is difficult to set correctly for both situations. If not enough tension is present, the anti-tip wheels will not prevent the wheelchair from tipping, or at least severely rocking forward. If too much tension is present, the springs will not allow the wheels to raise up upon encountering a barrier, which could damage the wheelchair.
Although it is apparent that wheelchairs equipped with the resilient suspension can be set to address one of the two above-mentioned problems at any given time, it is difficult to achieve a setting that addresses both of the above-mentioned situations.
An anti-tip assembly for a wheelchair is therefore needed which will provide enough flexibility to give the chair the required range of motion to overcome obstacles and to provide anti-tip features, while at the same time being convenient and easy to adjust.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an anti-tip assembly for wheelchairs for use by disabled persons that can easily be converted from an anti-tip position to a barrier hurdle position.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an anti-tip assembly for wheelchairs that can be transformed from an anti-tip position to a barrier hurdle position without tools and by hand pressure alone.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide an anti-tip assembly for wheelchairs that can be adjusted with relative speed and ease.
According to the present invention, the foregoing and other objects are obtained by an anti-tip assembly for wheelchairs. The anti-tip assembly has a support frame being adapted to be coupled to the wheelchair. A first and a second wheel support arm extend outwardly from the support frame and are pivotally coupled thereto. A wheel is rotatably connected to each of the support arms. An adjusting mechanism is coupled between the frame and the support arms. The adjusting mechanism is adapted to change the position of the support arms relative to the frame. In this manner, the adjusting mechanism is adapted to raise and lower the wheels. The anti-tip wheels of the wheelchair are thus adjustable to different fixed positions relative to the support frame by operation of the adjusting mechanism.
Additional objects, advantages, and novel features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.