This invention is an architecture, system, method, program product, licensing method, or apparatus for sharing and protecting data in a data storage environment, wherein there is more than one site for data storage and a connection broker is used.

Data storage has figuratively speaking, over the years, been managed in islands, especially for home users or small private businesses. Meanwhile, the complexity and amount of data being used and stored by home users is growing significantly especially with the popularity of digital imaging from still and video cameras. In such environments, there has typically been no resource sharing or centralized management among these islands.
If a home user, or a small business suffers a crashed hard disk or other data storage failure than precious irreplaceable data could be lost forever. Backing up some data to plug-in devices may provide some protection but it is limited because a calamity such as a fire at the home can destroy the device also. The costs of offsite data protection used by large businesses such as remotely located redundant storage arrays is prohibitively expensive for home users and typically also for small businesses. But, it would advance the art to provide a system, method, and/or architecture that would overcome such and related problems in an economically attractive fashion.

System and method for protecting and sharing data across a network


A silver halide color photographic material is disclosed which contains at least one 1H-pyrrolo1,2-c!1,2,3!triazole based dye-forming coupler represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and X represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of being released upon reaction with the oxidation product of a color developing agent.

A color image is formed by three primary colors of yellow, magenta and cyan in a silver halide color photographic material according to a subtractive color process. Phenol-based couplers and naphthol-based couplers have been used for a long time as a cyan coupler. However, the dyes formed by these couplers have undesired side absorption or have unnecessary absorption since absorption spectrum thereof is broad, accordingly, the improvement has been desired from color reproduction. Further, they have such problems as the molecular extinction coefficient of the dyes obtained is small, therefore, large quantities of couplers and silver halide are necessary to obtain a desired color density, as a result, the film thickness of a photographic material becomes thick and the sharpness of the color image obtained is lowered.
In recent years, pyrazoloazoles disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,183, diphenylimidazoles disclosed in EP-A-249453 and pyrroloazoles disclosed in EP-A-491197 are proposed as a cyan coupler to provide dyes which have big molecular extinction coefficients, excellent absorption properties in a visible region and are improved in color reproducibility. However, any dyes derived from the above couplers have serious drawbacks such that they are inferior in light fastness and color images are discolored by exposure to light of a comparatively short period of time.

Silver halide color photographic material


A motor vehicle for transporting passengers includes a body defining a passenger compartment, a first row of seats positioned within the passenger compartment, a second row of seats positioned within the passenger compartment rearward of the first row of seats, and a third row of seats positioned within said passenger compartment rearward of said second row of seats. The second and third rows of seats have seat backs and a seat bottoms. A first door is hingedly coupled to the vehicle for providing access to the first row of seats. A second door is positioned rearward and adjacent to the first door. The second door selectively encloses an opening formed in the body. The opening extends from a point forward of the seat bottom of the second row of seats to a point at least partially exposing the seat bottom of the third row of seats.

1. Technical Field
The present invention generally relates to motor vehicles and, more particularly, to a sport utility vehicle equipped with a rear sliding door.
2. Discussion
Sport utility vehicles have become extremely popular in recent times. Much of their success may be attributed to providing consumers with a vehicle combining the desirable aspects of a truck such as high towing capacity and cargo volume and with the characteristics of a passenger car such as vehicle handling. Some of the sport utility vehicles currently offered are large enough to provide a third row of passenger seats thereby increasing the possible number of passengers carried at one time.
Commonly, sport utility vehicles include two or four doors hingedly attached to the vehicle body for providing ingress and egress to the vehicle passenger compartment. However, the rear doors typically do not provide access to the most rearward or third row of seats without manipulating the second row of seats in some way. Specifically, one design requires each of the passengers seated in the second row of seats to exit the vehicle such that the second row of seats or a portion thereof may be articulated forward to clear a path for an entrant to the third row of seats. Obviously, it would be desirable to reduce the amount of effort required to enter and exit the third row of seats provided in a sport utility vehicle. Accordingly, a need exists for a sport utility door which provides simplified access to both the second and third row of passenger seats.
The present invention relates to a motor vehicle for transporting passengers. The motor vehicle includes a body defining a passenger compartment, a first row of seats positioned within the passenger compartment, a second row of seats positioned within the passenger compartment rearward of the first row of seats, and a third row of seats positioned within said passenger compartment rearward of said second row of seats. The second and third rows of seats have seat backs and a seat bottoms. A first door is hingedly coupled to the vehicle for providing access to the first row of seats A second door is positioned rearward and adjacent to the first door. The second door selectively encloses an opening formed in the body. The opening extends from a point forward of the seat bottom of the second row of seats to a point at least partially exposing the seat bottom of the third row of seats.


A graphics processing unit has a reduced memory space shadow memory as a source of state information for performing validation of commands. The reduced memory space shadow memory is smaller in size than a full version of state variables associated with an abstract state machine representation of a class of commands received from a software driver.

A graphics processing unit (GPU) of a graphics system may include a memory to shadow state information. As one example, graphics hardware may include error-checking logic to identify exceptions generated by illegal commands issued by a graphics driver. Such error-checking logic is useful, for example, to debug driver software during software development. The error-checking logic may require state information to be shadowed. However, a shadowed state memory increases the cost of a GPU. As the complexity of GPUs continues to increase, the memory required to shadow state information is likely to increase.
Therefore, in light of the problem described above the apparatus, system, and method of the present invention was developed.

Graphics system with reduced shadowed state memory requirements


Disclosed is a semiconductor memory device in which defects in crystal in a junction region between a capacitor and a source/drain region, and a short channel effect of a transistor can be effectively reduced. The semiconductor memory device includes, on the side of a gate electrode at which the capacitor is connected, a sidewall formed to have a width larger than that of a sidewall on the side of a bit line, and a source/drain region to which the capacitor is connected and which is formed to have a diffusion depth larger than that of the opposite source/drain region. Therefore, the source/drain region effectively prevents defects in crystal from being produced in the junction region between the capacitor and the source/drain region connected to the capacitor and the sidewall effectively reduces the short channel effect.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to field effect transistors, and more particularly, to field effect transistors to be applied to a DRAM and a method of manufacturing the same.
2. Description of the Background Art
A DRAM using MOS transistors is known as a device for storing and writing information. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a sectional arrangement of a memory cell of a conventional DRAM. With reference to FIG. 3, a thick field oxide film 2 for element isolation is formed on a surface of a p type silicon substrate 1. Furthermore, a transfer gate transistor 3 and a capacitor 10 are formed on the surface of p type silicon substrate between 1 field oxide films 2.
Transfer gate transistor 3 is provided with a gate electrode (word line) 4c formed on the surface of p type silicon substrate 1 with a gate oxide film 5 provided therebetween. Periphery of gate electrode 4c is covered with an isolation oxide film 44 at the both sides of gate electrode 4c. Sidewalls 44a having a sidewall structure are formed in isolation oxide film 44 at both sides of gate electrode 4c. n.sup.- impurity regions 43a, and 43b of low concentration are formed in p type silicon substrate 1 in a self-alignment manner with respect to gate electrode 4c. n.sup.+ impurity regions 53a and 53b of high concentration are formed in a self-alignment manner with respect to sidewalls 44a. n.sup.- impurity regions 43a and 43b and n.sup.+ impurity regions 53a and 53b constitute a generally called LDD (Lightly Doped Drain). Then, these impurity regions of the LDD structure serve as source/drain regions 6a and 6b. n.sup.- impurity regions 43a and 43b and n.sup.+ impurity regions 53a and 53b are formed by ion implantation.
Capacitor 10 has a multilayer structure including an impurity doped lower electrode 11, a dielectric film 12 formed of a silicon nitride film or a silicon oxide film, or a multilayer film comprising a silicon nitride film and a silicon oxide film, and an upper electrode 13 formed of impurity doped polysilicon. Capacitor 10 has lower electrode 11 formed above gate electrode 4c of transfer gate transistor 3. In addition, a part of lower electrode 11 is connected to one source/drain 6a of transfer gate transistor 3. As described in the foregoing, capacitor 10 a part of which is formed above transfer gate transistor 3 is referred to as a stacked capacitor and a DRAM including such capacitor is referred to as stacked type DRAM. A bit line 15 is connected to source/drain region 6b. A gate electrode 4d is formed on field oxide film 2.
Writing to this memory cell is performed by applying, to gate electrode 4c, a voltage corresponding to a data signal applied to bit line 15 to turn on transfer gate transistor 3, thereby storing charges corresponding to the data applied to bit line 15 in capacitor 10. Conversely, for reading the charges corresponding to the data stored in capacitor 10, a predetermined voltage is applied to gate electrode 4c to turn on transfer gate transistor 3, thereby reading the voltage corresponding to the charges stored in capacitor 10 from bit line 15.
As described above, a memory cell of a conventional DRAM comprises source/drain region 6b connected to bit line 15 and source/drain region 6a connected to capacitor 10 both formed by ion implantation.
However, with this ion implantation method, ion implantation to the surface of p type silicon substrate 1 causes imperfection in crystal on the surface of the substrate. Imperfection in crystal is also caused by etching at the time of forming sidewall 44a or impurity doping to lower electrode 11. The defect crystal on the substrate surface allows the electric charges stored in capacitor 10 to leak in p type silicon substrate 1, which results in deterioration of a refresh characteristic of the DRAM. On the other hand, source/drain region 6b connected to bit line 15 is not so largely affected by the defective crystal on the surface because the region receives an external power supply through bit line 15.
Therefore, conventionally proposed is a method of forming source/drain region 6a connected to lower electrode 11 of capacitor 10 not by ion implantation but by thermal diffusion, which method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 64-80066, for example. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a sectional arrangement of source/drain regions formed by thermal diffusion and connected to a capacitor shown in FIG. 3 for explaining diffusion thereof. With reference to FIG. 4, n.sup.- impurity region 43a is formed by ion implantation like a conventional one because the region is scarcely damaged by ion implantation. Thereafter, impurity doped lower electrode 11 is subjected to a heat treatment to diffuse the impurities included therein into p type silicon substrate 1. This method of forming source/drain region 6a by thermal diffusion, however, requires source/drain regions of a large depth in order to keep the defective crystal in source/drain region 6a. In this thermal diffusion method, as the depth of source/drain region 6a becomes larger, the lateral diffusion is enhanced to reach the underside of gate electrode 4c. In such a case, the effective channel length of transfer gate transistor 3 is reduced to enhance a generally called short channel effect. One way of avoiding these problems is making sidewall 44a at the opposite sides of gate electrode 4c uniformly thicker. However, n.sup.- impurity region 43b constituting the LDD structure serves to weaken the field strength of the pn junction, thereby suppressing generation of hot carriers, so that its diffusion width and impurity concentration should be precisely controlled. Therefore, the width of sidewall 44a which is a factor of controlling the diffusion width of n.sup.- impurity region 43b in a self-alignment manner should be also controlled precisely. As a result, it is not possible to increase the width of sidewall 44a without considering other factors. In other words, conventionally a thermal diffusion method utilized in order to reduce defective crystal on a substrate surface results in an increase of a short channel effect. It is therefore difficult to reduce the defective crystal on the substrate surface while effectively preventing the short channel effect.

Field effect transistor having impurity regions of different depths and manufacturing method thereof


A network wherein a generator is communicatively coupled to an update store or repository employs an update package container or catalog (UPC) that may be used to save information, using an XML format. The UPC may comprise update packages for one or more devices, and one or more transitions of versions for each device. The UPC may also comprise metadata information and security information associated with each the update packages. The complete update packages and associated metadata may be incorporated into an UPC, or external references to the update packages may be provided.

Electronic devices, such as mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDA's), often contain firmware and application software that are either provided by the manufacturers of the electronic devices, by telecommunication carriers, or by third parties. These firmware and application software often contain software bugs. New versions of the firmware and software are periodically released to fix the bugs or to introduce new features, or both.
A generator in a manufacturing environment of an electronic device such as a mobile handset, or in other software development environments, generates update packages that are used to update the firmware of software components. These update packages are deposited into a repository. Unfortunately, several different generators may be generating different kinds of information. There is no easy way to populate these different kinds of update packages into a repository of some kind. More importantly, a repository within a distribution environment that can disseminate these update packages will have to deal with all the different formats in which the update packages are made available. In addition, other related information, such as metadata, that is often associated with update packages may be necessary for making decisions on the dissemination of update packages. However, such related information is often unavailable to the distribution environments. Special software is often written to retrieve such related information when necessary, from remote sources.
A telecom carrier or a wireless carrier may have a desire to support storing update packages received from several different sources, each source potentially employing various different formats for data to be transferred to the carrier network/wireless network. Providing security for such transfer of update packages from various sources is a problem. Supporting the plethora of security solutions is a management problem as well as a technical problem.
Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditional approaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art, through comparison of such systems with some aspects of the present invention as set forth in the remainder of the present application with reference to the drawings.

Update package catalog for update package transfer between generator and content server in a network

Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.


The present invention provides a manufacturing method of a light emitting device in which the number of display panels manufactured from one substrate is increased and display panel is mass produced is provided. One feature of the invention is that the shipping is performed not by separating the substrate over which a plurality of light emitting regions is formed and attaching the FPC to the each piece thereof but before separating, namely in the incomplete state (that can be also referred to as semi end products). However, the invention has a structure in which the inspection can be partly carried out before the shipping.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a light emitting device having a light emitting element over a substrate and a manufacturing system thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a light emitting device wherein a layer including an organic compound is to be a light emitting layer and a manufacturing system thereof.
2. Description of Related Art
In recent years, studies on a light emitting device having an EL element as a luminous element have intensified. In particular, a light emitting device using an organic material as an EL material has attracted an attention. The light emitting device is referred to as an organic EL display (OELD) or an organic light emitting diode (OLED).
Note that an EL element includes a layer containing an organic compound in which luminescence (Electro Luminescence) generated by applying an electric field is obtained (hereinafter, referred to as an EL layer), an anode, and a cathode. In luminescence emitted by an organic compound, there are fluorescence that generates when electrons return from a excited singlet state to a ground state and phosphorescence that is emitted when electrons return from a triplet excited state to a ground state. A light emitting device manufactured according to a deposition device and deposition method of the present invention is applicable to both kinds of luminescence.
Further, there are two kinds for forming the light emitting device: a method where an EL layer is formed between two kinds of striped electrodes provided so as to cross at right angles to one another (a simple matrix method), and a method where an EL layer is formed between a pixel electrode which are connected to a TFT and arranged in matrix and a counter electrode.
An EL element has a structure in which an EL layer is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes; generally, the EL layer has a laminated structure. Typically, the laminated structure, "a hole transporting layer/ a light emitting layer/ an electron transporting layer" proposed by Tang et al. of Kodak Eastman Company is generally known. The structure has extremely high luminous efficiency and is employed for almost all light emitting devices that are under development now.
Further, a structure in which a hole injecting layer/ a hole transporting layer/ a light emitting layer/ an electron transporting layer are laminated in order over an anode or a hole injecting layer/ a hole transporting layer/ a light emitting layer/ an electron transporting layer/ an electron injecting layer are laminated in order over an anode is also applicable. Fluorescent pigment and the like can be doped to the light emitting layer. Such layers may be formed by entirely using a low molecular weight material or by partly using a high molecular weight material to the part of the layers.
Further, a light emitting device has no viewing angle problems by virtue of its self-luminous property differently from a liquid display device. Thus the light emitting device is more suitable for using in the open air than the liquid crystal display device. Various types of usage of the light emitting device have been proposed.
In production lines of a liquid crystal display device, the size of a substrate tends to become larger year by year in order to reduce the production costs. Further, the number of display panels (the number of panel faces) manufactured per substrate has been increased.

Method of manufacturing light emitting device

Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.


The subject disclosure provides devices, methods, and computer readable programs for establishing a secure wireless connection among a plurality of displays thus forming a screen for purposes of depicting a larger version of a content. The formation of the screen may be initiated by a master display detecting a presence of a plurality of slave displays in the master display's vicinity and requesting permission to connect to the detected slave displays. Furthermore, provided are methods and computer-executable programs that may facilitate easier collaboration and exchange of the content among users, a real-time adjustment of the content displayed on the screen, as well as an easier depiction of 3-dimensional content on a screen created by arranging the plurality of displays in a 3-dimensional configuration.

1. Field of Disclosure
The subject disclosure relates to managing content depicted on a plurality of displays. More specifically, the subject disclosure relates to real-time management of content depicted on a screen formed by wirelessly connecting a plurality of displays.
2. Background of Disclosure
During meetings and conferences, communication and collaboration among two or more parties often involves sharing of contents related to a subject matter being discussed. This sharing of contents may be possible by putting together participants' communication devices having electronic displays, such as cellular telephones, tablets, etc. to create one large screen depicting the content to be shared. However, not every participant present within a group of participants may be willing or able to share their display in creating the screen. While collaborating on a specific content, a number of events may take place. For example, a new participant may join in, an already present participant may leave, a participant may change the orientation and position of his or her display, or there may be a need for a more realistic depiction of a 3-dimensional content. In the event that a new participant having an electronic display joins the collaboration, it is extremely inefficient to disconnect the screen and setup the screen from scratch incorporating the newly added electronic display. Similarly it is extremely inefficient to disconnect the screen, remove a display from among the displays forming the screen, and thereafter connect the remaining displays again to form the screen. Changing the orientation/position of any of the displays forming the screen has adverse effects on the size and the overall presentation of the content being depicted on the screen. Furthermore, when participants collaborate on a particular content shown on the screen, it is cumbersome for them to have to share their contributions, either before or after the actual collaboration, through other means including an e-mail or exchange of a portable hardware such a flash drive.

Real-time management of content depicted on a plurality of displays


A color photographic element is disclosed containing in its blue recording layer unit a blue light reflective layer positioned to receive light from first and second latent image forming layers in the blue recording layer unit. The first layer overlies the second layer and contains a silver coating coverages in the range of from 0.1 to 0.7 g/m.sup.2. The second layer contains latent image forming silver halide grains of maximum sensitivity. The blue light reflective layer is free of blue absorbing dye and contains tabular silver halide grains have a thickness in the range of from 0.12 to 0.15 .mu.m, an average aspect ratio of greater than 15, and a coating coverage of 0.5 to 1.5 g/m.sup.2, and are formed of greater than 50 mole percent bromide, based on silver.

Photographic images that allow recreation or approximation of the natural hues of a subject are conventionally captured on photographic film mounted in a camera. Camera speed films typically employ high bromide silver halide emulsions. Separate images of each of blue, green and red exposures arc captured in blue, green and red recording layer units within the film. The blue recording layer unit contains chemically sensitized high bromide grains that may rely on native blue sensitivity or be sensitized to the blue region of the spectrum with one or more blue absorbing spectral sensitizing dyes. The green recording layer unit contains chemically sensitized high bromide grains that are sensitized to the green region of the spectrum with one or more green absorbing spectral sensitizing dyes. The red recording layer unit contains chemically sensitized high bromide grains that are sensitized to the red region of the spectrum with one or more red absorbing spectral sensitizing dyes. Dye-forming couplers are typically included in the layer units to allow dye images of distinguishable hue to be formed upon color processing. When the photographic film is intended for reversal processing to produce a viewable color positive image or when the photographic film is intended for use in exposing a color paper, the blue, green and red recording layer units contain couplers that form blue absorbing (yellow), green absorbing (magenta), and red absorbing (cyan) image dyes, respectively. When the dye image information is intended to be retrieved from the photographic film by digital scanning, the dye images can be of any hue, provided they are distinguishable.
The components used to construct color photographic films are disclosed in Research Disclosure, Vol. 389, September 1996, Item 38957. Research Disclosure is published by Kenneth Mason Publications, Ltd., Dudley House, 12 North St., Emsworth, Hampshire P010 7DQ, England. The following topics of Item 38957 are particularly pertinent to the present invention:
I. Emulsion grains and their preparation PA1 II. Vehicles, vehicle extenders, vehicle-like addenda and vehicle related addenda; PA1 IV. Chemical sensitization; PA1 V. Spectral sensitization and desensitization PA1 X. Dye image formers and modifiers PA1 XI. Layers and layer arrangements; PA1 XII. Features applicable only to color negative; PA1 XIII. Features applicable only to color positive PA1 XV. Supports. PA1 Daubendiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,414,310; PA1 Abbott et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,425,426; PA1 Wilgus et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,434,226; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 4,435,501; PA1 Kofron et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,439,520; PA1 Solberg et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,433,048; PA1 Evans et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,504,570; PA1 Yamada et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,647,528; PA1 Daubendiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,672,027; PA1 Daubendiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,693,964; PA1 Sugimoto et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,665,012; PA1 Daubenidiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,672,027; PA1 Yamada et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,679,745; PA1 Daubendiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,693,964; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 4,713,320; PA1 Nottorf U.S. Pat. No. 4,722,886; PA1 Sugimoto U.S. Pat. No. 4,755,456; PA1 Goda U.S. Pat. No. 4,775,617; PA1 Saitou et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,797,354; PA1 Ellis U.S. Pat. No. 4,801,522; PA1 Ikeda et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,806,461; PA1 Ohashi et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,835,095; PA1 Makino et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,835,322; PA1 Daubendiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,914,014; PA1 Aida et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,962,015; PA1 Ikeda et al U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,350; PA1 Piggin et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,061,609; PA1 Piggin et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,061,616; PA1 Tsaur et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,771; PA1 Tsaur et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,772; PA1 Tsaur et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,773; PA1 Tsaur et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,171,659; PA1 Tsaur et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,210,013; PA1 Antoniades et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,250,403; PA1 Kim et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,272,048; PA1 Delton U.S. Pat. No. 5,310,644; PA1 Chang et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,314,793; PA1 Sutton et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,334,469; PA1 Black et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,334,495; PA1 Chaffee et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,358,840; PA1 Delton U.S. Pat. No. 5,372,927; PA1 Daubendiek et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,168; PA1 Olm et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,171; PA1 Deaton et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,582,965; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 5,604,085; PA1 Reed et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,604,086; PA1 Eshelman et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,612,175; PA1 Levy et at U.S. Pat. No. 5,612,177; PA1 Wilson et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,358; PA1 Eshelman et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,614,359; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 5,620,840; PA1 Wen ct al U.S. Pat. No. 5,641,618; PA1 Irving et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,667,954; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 5,667,955; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 5,691,131; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 5,693,459; PA1 Black et a1 U.S. Pat. No. 5,709,988; PA1 Jagannathan et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,723,278; PA1 Deaton et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,726,007; PA1 Irving et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,728,515; PA1 Bryant et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,728,517; PA1 Maskasky U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,718; PA1 Jagannathan et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,736,312; PA1 Antoniades et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,750,326; PA1 Brust et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,763,151; and PA1 Maskasky et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,792,602.
(note most particularly the last sentence of paragraph (1) of B. Grain morphology); PA2 A. Sensitizing dyes; PA2 (except A. silver dye bleach); PA2 (except C. Color positives derived from color negatives);
Sutton et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,300,413 discloses high bromide {111} tabular grain emulsions with grain dispersitics and thicknesses controlled to facilitate blue light reflection.
Research Disclosure Item 38957, I., cited above, E. Blends, layers and performance categories, (7) discusses the common practice of dividing a recording layer unit into two, three or more emulsion layers differing in speed. Typically, when this is done, the emulsion layer of the highest sensitivity is coated to first receive exposing radiation, since this increases speed. Paragraph (7) also notes, "When a slower emulsion layer is coated over a faster emulsion, increased contrast is obtained."

Color photographic film with inverted blue recording layers


Provided are a method of manufacturing liquid crystal display device possessing transparent conductive layer exhibiting excellent optical transparency, resistance characteristic, evenness, adhesion to substrate, and hardness, and liquid crystal display device thereof. The liquid crystal display device possessing liquid crystal display panel and backlight unit, wherein liquid crystal display panel has a structure in which display electrode and reference electrode are provided on surface of region corresponding to unit pixel on liquid crystal layer side of one transparent substrate or each of both transparent substrates provided facing to each other via liquid crystal layer, and light transmitting liquid crystal layer is modulated by electric field generated parallel to transparent substrate between reference electrode and display electrode, wherein the method of manufacturing liquid crystal display device possesses the step of forming transparent conductive layer in pixel region by atmospheric pressure plasma method employing nitrogen gas as thin film forming gas.

In general, as to an active matrix liquid crystal display device fitted with TFT, a pixel electrode and the TFT to control voltage applied to the pixel electrode possess matrix-aligned active matrix substrates, liquid crystals are sandwiched between this active matrix substrate and a facing substrate, and the liquid crystals are driven by voltage applied between the pixel electrode and another electrode. In this case, there is a twisted nematic liquid crystal and vertical alignment system liquid crystal display device in which the pixel electrode of the active matrix substrate is a transparent electrode, and voltage is applied between it and a transparent common electrode formed on the facing substrate as another electrode to drive liquid crystals, or an in-plane switching system liquid crystal display device in which employing a pixel electrode of an active matrix substrate and a counterpart pectinate electrode to the common electrode, voltage is applied between these electrodes to drive liquid crystals. At any rate, the foregoing TFT and pixel electrode are desired to be formed on the active matrix substrate, and at present, these TFT and pixel electrode are formed by a photolithography technique.
A liquid crystal display device called the in-plane switching system liquid crystal display device is generally compared with a liquid crystal display device called a twisted nematic liquid crystal and vertical alignment system liquid crystal display device, and is one in which a display electrode and a reference electrode are provided on the surface of the region corresponding to a unit pixel on the liquid crystal layer side of one transparent substrate or both transparent substrates among the transparent substrates provided facing to each other via the liquid crystal layer, and light transmitting the foregoing liquid crystal layer is modulated by electric field generated parallel to the transparent substrate between this display electrode and the reference electrode.
On the other hand, the twisted nematic liquid crystal and vertical alignment system liquid crystal display device possesses a pixel electrode composed of a transparent electrode and a common electrode provided facing on the surface of each region corresponding to a unit pixel on the liquid crystal layer side of the transparent substrate provided facing to each other via the liquid crystal layer, and is one in which light transmitting the foregoing liquid crystal layer is modulated by electric field generated perpendicularly to the transparent substrate between this pixel electrode and the common electrode. The in-plane switching system liquid crystal display device differing from such the twisted nematic liquid crystal and vertical alignment system liquid crystal display device, by which clear images can be confirmed even though observing from a viewing field at a large angle with respect to the display surface, is known as one exhibiting so-called excellent viewing field at an angle. In addition, liquid crystal displays composed of such the structure are disclosed in detail, for example, in Japanese Patent O.P.I. Publication No. 5-505247, Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. 63-21907, and Japanese Patent O.P.I. Publication No. 6-160878.
Such the in-plane switching system liquid crystal display device produces a problem such that a display trouble which has not been so far experienced in the twisted nematic liquid crystal and vertical alignment system liquid crystal display device is generated when high voltage such as static charge or the like is applied from outside the surface of the liquid crystal display panel. That is, the in-plane switching system liquid crystal display device has a structure having no conductive layer in which a shielding function against static charge or the like from outside is provided between the display electrode and the reference electrode placed parallel or nearly parallel to the liquid crystal. Supposedly, when such the conductive layer is provided, electric field from the display electrode is terminated not on the reference electrode side but on the conductive layer side, whereby displaying can not be appropriately carried out with the electric field.
Electric field corresponding to a picture signal generated parallel to the transparent substrate between the display electrode and the reference electrode because of no possession of a shielding function is influenced by static charge or the like from outside. The liquid crystal display panel itself is charged by static charge or the like from the outside, and this electrification generates electric field perpendicularly to the transparent substrate.
In order to solve the above-described problem, concerning the case where high voltage such as static charge or the like is applied from outside the surface of a liquid crystal display device, disclosed is the liquid crystal display device exhibiting reduced generation of the display trouble (refer to Patent Document 1, for example).
However, as the in-plane switching system liquid crystal display device or the twisted nematic liquid crystal and vertical alignment system liquid crystal display device, it was found out that in cases where a conductive layer was formed by a sputtering method, short-circuiting was easy to be generated in an electrode section, and the transparent substrate was damaged, resulting in occurrence of the broken transparent substrate. Further, since bubbles are generated in a liquid crystal layer when the conductive layer is formed by a sputtering method after filling liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer, what is happening now is that a high-definition liquid crystal display device can not be obtained.
Further, known is a method of forming a conductive layer via coating of a coating solution containing conductive particles, but since a sintering treatment has to be carried out at a high temperature after drying a conductive film formed via a coating process in this method, a great deal of time is desired to be consumed to form the conductive film, and there is produced a problem such as lowering of optical transparency of a formed conductive film and weak adhesion to a substrate.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 2758864

Liquid crystal display device operated with an in-plane switching system and manufacturing method thereof