A junction box with a square housing and with at least opening and terminal strip for electric cables or lines. With the junction box, a housing arrangement can be modularly built from individual junction boxes that can be reliably connected to one another or to a base part. For attaching the junction box to a second junction box or to a base part, there are two pivotable locking elements on the housing which are movable from a first, open position into a second, locking position, and projecting ribs formed in the area of the outside corners on the housing, the locking element having a U-shape of which a U-bridge is used as an actuating clip and two U-legs, with ends which are bent down, and extend around the ribs on the housing of a second junction box or of the base part in the second, locking position.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a housing arrangement with at least one junction box, a base part and a cover, the junction box having a square housing, in the housing there being a terminal strip which has at least one terminal for electrical connection of an electric cable or a line, and the housing having at least one opening for an electric cable or line. In addition, the invention relates to a junction box with a square housing and with at least one terminal strip which has at least one terminal for electrical connection of an electric cable or a line, the housing having at least one opening for the electric cable or the line.
2. Description of Related Art
Junction boxes, which are often also called wiring boxes, outlet boxes, or cable boxes, are known in manifold versions. If it is a matter of connecting a cable to an electrical device or a machine, the box is called an outlet box. If two cables or lines are to be connected to one another, the box is called a junction box. Generally, the outlet box and the junction box are made essentially identically so that any below reference to a junction box is always intended to encompass an outlet box as well.
These boxes generally have a bottom part and a cover which can be attached by screws onto the bottom part. The known boxes have different cross-sectional configurations, and in their interior, the terminals for electrical connection of an electric cable or a line are arranged differently. Generally, instead of individual terminals, continuous terminal strips are used which have several terminals. German Patent Application No. DE 43 20 261 A1 discloses attaching the terminals to the floor of the bottom part of the housing. The terminals can be fixed on the floor of the box by additional fasteners, for example, by screws. In addition, the molding of projections on the floor onto which the terminals can be slipped is also known.
The core of an electric cable can be connected to each terminal. Instead of electric cables which are used for transmission of current, therefore, which supply a system or machine with the necessary operating current or the necessary operating voltage, electric lines which are used primarily, or in addition, to transmit electrical signals, i.e., for data transmission, can also be connected to the junction boxes. This is the case, for example, in so-called sensor-actuator systems. The junction boxes are thus used as mechanical protection for the terminals which are located in the interior and as electrical protection for the electrical connection which is established on the terminals between the different cables or lines. The housing of the junction boxes therefore generally are made of a plastic which satisfies the respective requirements, with a corresponding safety class, for example, IP 66 or higher.
These junction boxes are often located together in a plurality in control cabinets, the bottom parts often having attachment possibilities, for example, hooks or holes, for mounting of the junction boxes on a mounting rail or to a mounting wall. To connect the individual junction boxes to one another, bottom parts are known which have hooks on their side walls so that several junction boxes can be connected to one another to form a housing arrangement, the individual junction boxes being located in one plane next to one another and on top of one another. However, the disadvantage here is that, for the molded-on hooks, there is the danger that they will break off, at least when the junction boxes are repeatedly connected to one another and disconnected again. Moreover, the locking of the individual junction boxes which can be achieved by the hooks is not especially reliable when the housing arrangement is exposed to mechanical stress, for example, during vibrations.

Housing arrangement with at least one junction box


A method of providing a high symbol rate communication system with reduced overhead bandwidth includes calculating a minimum feasible aperture length at a network operations center, setting a hub demodulator subsystem to use an aperture length calculated from the minimum feasible aperture length, broadcasting the aperture length to a VSAT, and receiving an inroute data stream from the VSAT utilizing the aperture length.

A satellite network system may provide high-speed Internet protocol (IP) satellite connectivity between corporate operations (hub) and multiple remote sites in a star topology. The hub demodulator subsystem (HDS) may be designed to support inroute processing at a high aggregate symbol rate, for example, of 9.8 Megasymbols per second (Msps), the aggregation comprising multiple high speed inroutes operating at various rates, for example, 2 Msps, 4 Msps and 6 Msps. However, with a fixed aperture length, system throughput will decrease with the use of higher symbol rate inroutes for a given fixed spectrum capacity, making the use of high speed inroutes inefficient when compared to multiple lower speed inroutes that can be used within the same spectrum capacity. The relative burst overhead will increase, and throughput decrease, with increase in the inroute symbol rate for a given spectrum capacity. As the burst overhead is fixed, throughput will decrease with decrease in allocated burst length.
The aperture, fixed in duration for example at 125 μs, is a significant component of the total burst-to-burst overhead in an offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK) system. At very high symbol rates such as 4 Msps and 6 Msps, the slot time is reduced such that the aperture occupies a greater number of slots in a frame compared to the number of slots occupied by the aperture when using a lower symbol rate frame. Thus for a given frame format, slot sizing, and spectrum capacity, the number of slots used for overhead in a burst allocation increases significantly at high symbol rates, thereby reducing the inroute efficiency compared to lower symbol rate inroutes.

Method and apparatus for high symbol rate communication system with reduced overhead bandwidth


A keyboard mounting apparatus for a portable computer includes a keyboard (30), a base housing (50) and a plurality of fasteners (10). The keyboard includes a plurality of tabs (32) extending from a front end thereof, and a flange (34) is bent from an opposite rear end thereof. The base housing includes a sunken socket (52) accommodating the keyboard therein. A plurality of locking slots is defined in a front wall of the socket corresponding to the tabs of the keyboard. A plurality of holes (56) is defined in a rear wall (54) of the socket. A plurality of chambers (57) is defined in communication with respective of the holes. The fasteners are extended through the holes of the base housing, and accommodated in the chambers. Each of the fasteners includes a hook (14) engaging with the flange of the keyboard thereby securing the keyboard to the base housing.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to keyboard devices, and more particularly to a mounting apparatus for easily installing and removing a keyboard in and from a portable computer.
2. Related Art
Manufacturers of portable computers are striving make them more durable and easier to use. In a conventional assembly method, screws are used to install a keyboard device to a portable computer. The screws are driven into a lower side of the portable computer, thereby fixing the keyboard device. The keyboard device is secure, but its installation or removal (such as for maintenance) is inconvenient.
Taiwan Patent Publication No. 348863 discloses a keyboard mounting apparatus for a portable computer. The mounting apparatus comprises a handle secured to opposite sides of a keyboard, and a button controlling the forward or rearward movement of a plate engaging with the handle. The forward or rearward movement of the plate set a locked or unlocked status of the keyboard in the portable computer. However, the button is disposed at a base housing of the portable computer. Because the portable computer is typically carried about and used at various locations, the button can be easily moved or released due to vibration, impact or inadvertant operation. Moreover, the handle occupies a relatively large space, and detracts from the aesthetic appearance of the portable computer.
For the above reasons, an improved keyboard mounting apparatus for a portable computer is desired.

Keyboard mounting apparatus for portable computer


A user may locate a missing wireless device through a location server storing user-associated location information. A wireless device includes a client location application adapted to determine a current geographic location and transmit location data to a location server, a power source, and a power management application adapted to detect a low power level and instruct the client location application to determine the current geographic location. The wireless device further includes a GPS receiver adapted to receive and decode GPS signals and a personal GPS directory storing location information associated with the subscriber unit.

Cordless telephones, such as residential phones, typically include a "page handset" feature for locating a missing telephone handset. If the handset has been misplaced, the user may press a button on a base station causing the handset to produce an audible alert signal identifying the location of the handset.
A misplaced cellular phone may be located by calling the cellular phone and listening for the audible ring. One drawback of this method is that the caller must be in the vicinity of the cellular phone so that the audible ring may be heard. Cellular phones, however, may be misplaced anywhere the user travels. For example, after a day of sightseeing throughout a city, the user may not know where or when the cellular phone was lost. When a cellular phone is lost in public, it could be stolen or subject to fraud or other unauthorized use, so quickly locating the phone is usually desired.
Another drawback to locating a cellular phone by placing a call to the phone is that ringer must be set at an adequate volume to allow the ring tone to be heard. A cellular phone operating in silent mode or vibrate mode will be difficult to locate by calling the phone. Further, the window of opportunity in which to locate the phone is also limited by the strength of the battery. The battery on the cellular phone may run down while the phone is lost, preventing the cellular phone from receiving a call from the user when the cellular phone is discovered missing.
Loss prevention systems are known for use in large-scale equipment, such as shipping containers and automobiles. Some of these systems include a receiver made available to police departments to enable the police to locate equipment reported lost. Such systems typically provide a beacon that is activated when the equipment is stolen. Other location-based services, such as the reporting of an automobile location when the automobile airbags deploy, are also known. These systems are not practical for use in cellular phones.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved system and method for locating a wireless device that has been lost or stolen.

System and method for recovering a lost or stolen wireless device


Provided are a molded foam (1) that is lightweight and can be manufactured at low cost, and can reduce abnormal noise due to friction with a vehicle structure effectively and for a long time, and a mold (10) that can mold a molded foam that is beautiful and attractive in appearance.

Vehicles, such as cars, often include synthetic resin products as their interior materials. Although non-foaming synthetic resin products also may be used, a molded foam made of synthetic resin is used often because such a molded foam can give a more comfortable ride to passengers due to the improved shock-absorbing characteristics, can protect passengers by absorbing shock, and can give the flatness to the ear interior. Various types of synthetic resin can be used for expandable synthetic resin, such as polyurethane resins and polystyrene resins. Among them, expandable polystyrene resin is often used due to its excellent moldability and functionality.
A mold to mold an interior material for vehicles that is a molded foam made of synthetic resin includes a mobile mold and a fixed mold to define a cavity as a molding space therebetween. The fixed mold, for example, has a port, through which expandable resin particles are charged into the cavity. After charging the expandable resin particles into the cavity, heated steam is introduced into the cavity to heat the expandable resin particles for molding.
When such a molded foam made of synthetic resin comes in contact with a vehicle structure and rubs against each other, they may generate high-pitched grating abnormal noise, such as squeaky sound, due to the friction between them. Such abnormal noise gives an uncomfortable feeling to the passengers. Then to reduce the abnormal noise, felt, for example, may be attached to the rear face of a molded foam for vehicles. Such a configuration with felt has problems of high cost and an increased number of the following steps to attach the felt to the molded foam with adhesive or two-sided adhesive tape.
Patent Literature 1 proposes another solution of applying surfactant to both of contact faces of the components that are synthetic resin foams. Patent Literature 2 proposes another solution of providing a projection with a predetermined height at a part of an interior material for vehicles made of ABS resin, for example, the part being opposed to the attachment face of a predetermined attachment part of a vehicle, and forming a layer of coating film having a low coefficient of friction at the surface of the projection.

Molded foam, method for manufacturing molded foam, mold and method for manufacturing mold


In a position detection system, a retroreflection portion is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a designating member. Alight source unit emits detection light along an imaginary plane parallel to a reference surface. A light receiving element is arranged on one side in a Z-axis direction from the imaginary surface in such a way that a direction of a normal light to a light receiving surface intersects with the reference surface. When a distance between the designating member and the light source unit is long, light reflected by the retroreflection portion becomes incident more efficiently on the light receiving surface of the light receiving element than when the distance is short.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a position detection system for optically detecting the position of a designating member, and a display system with input function including the position detection system.
2. Related Art
As a position detection system for optically detecting the position of a designating member, for example, a system is proposed in which plural light sources are provided at positions away from each other and when detection light is emitted from each of the plural point light sources toward the designating member via a light-transmissive member, the detection light reflected by the designating member is transmitted through the light-transmissive member and is detected by a light receiving element (see JP-T-2003-534554). Another position detection system is proposed in which detection light emitted from each of plural point light sources is emitted via a light guide plate and the detection light reflected by the designating member is detected by a light receiving element (see JP-A-2010-127671 and JP-A-2009-295318).
In such position detection systems, a common light receiving element is used and the position of designating member is detected based on the result of a comparison between a received light intensity at the light receiving element when one or some of the plural point light sources turn on and a received light intensity at the light receiving element when another or some others of the plural point light sources turn on.
However, with the configurations disclosed in JP-T-2003-534554, JP-A-2010-127671 and JP-A-2009-295318, it is difficult to expand the detection range even when two-dimensional coordinate data (for example, X coordinate data and Y coordinate data) of the designating member is to be obtained. That is, if the detection range is broadened, light becomes incident on the light receiving element from a direction that is greatly inclined from the direction of a normal line to a light receiving surface. However, since the light-receiving element is directional in such a way that the sensitivity to oblique directions is low, it is difficult to expand the detection range with the configurations disclosed in JP-T-2003-534554, JP-A-2010-127671 and JP-A-2009-295318. Here, the present inventor is studying a technique of emitting detection light L2 from a light source unit 12 radially along an imaginary plane P12 parallel to a reference surface 41a and then detecting, by a light receiving element 13, reflected light L3 reflected by a designating member Ob, thus detecting the position of the designating member Ob within the reference surface 41a as an angular position about the light source unit 12, as shown in FIG. 15. The inventor is also studying a technique of providing a retroreflection portion Sb on an outer peripheral surface of the designating member Ob and also arranging the light receiving element 13 in such a way that the direction of a normal line L130 to a light receiving surface 130 becomes parallel to the reference surface 41a and the imaginary plane P12, thus causing the reflected light L3 from the designating member Ob to become incident efficiently on the light receiving surface 130.
However, in the configuration shown in FIG. 15, an intensity L of the detection light L2 reaching a position at a distance d from the light source unit 12 is inversely proportional to the square of the distance d, as expressed by the following equation.L=L0/d2 where L0=exit intensity from the light source unit 12
Therefore, when the distance d between the designating member Ob and the light source unit 12 is short, for example, de, the output level from the light receiving element 13 is sufficiently high. However, when the distance d between the designating member Ob and the light source unit 12 is long, for example, df, the output level from the light receiving element 13 is low and detection accuracy is lowered. Meanwhile, if the exit intensity from the light source unit 12 is increased, when the distance d between the designating member Ob and the light source unit 12 is de, which is short, the output level from the light receiving element 13 is too high and exceeds an allowable input range of a detection circuit.

Position detection system and display system with input function


A compact, gas pressure regulator makes use of a substantially disc-shaped member which is biased within the regulator by one or more spring members exerting forces on the disc-shaped member at multiple, discrete locations which are angularly separated from each other about the area of the first surface. Movement of the disc-shaped member toward or away from a high pressure orifice maintains a regulated, lower pressure for delivery through an outlet in the regulator. A member for mounting a pressure gauge is secured to the housing of the pressure regulator without substantially increasing the overall length of the regulator.

Pressure regulators are generally used in conjunction with cylinders or other sources of pressurized gas, such as oxygen. Pressure regulators are sometimes used in conjunction with relatively compact cylinders which contain gas under relatively high pressure of between about 500 and about 3,000 psi. The gas cylinder and pressure regulator connected thereto form a gas delivery apparatus. Gas pressure regulators find use in a variety of medical applications, such as for emergency treatment, and for hospital and clinical usages. Gas delivery systems are also used by ambulatory medical patients, in nursing facilities, and in home-care environments.
In many medical or commercial applications, the gas or oxygen from such high pressure source is to be delivered at a constant, lower pressure appropriate for the particular application. Gas delivery often must also be accomplished at a constant flow rate and, accordingly, gas delivery apparatus often use flow control valves in conjunction with gas pressure regulators.
Gas pressure regulators used in gas delivery apparatus suffer from various drawbacks and disadvantages. Gas pressure regulators such as that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,655,246 have undesirably lengthy profiles and use an undesirably large amount of material thickness to attain the ruggedness required for safe and effective operation. The amount of material used in these and other pressure regulators contributes unnecessarily to excessive weight.
The disadvantages of excessive weight and an excessively long profile are often amplified when current pressure regulators are used in conjunction with compact, high pressure cylinders. When the pressure regulator is connected to such a compact cylinder, it often extends beyond the cross-sectional footprint of the cylinder. This means that if the cylinder were to tip over or otherwise come into sudden contact with another surface, the pressure regulator attached to such cylinder risks being struck by an unyielding surface and potentially damaged. The length and weight of current pressure regulators may also significantly raise the center of gravity of such compact gas cylinders, thereby making them difficult to manipulate and prone to tipping over.
When the gas delivery apparatus needs to be transported, such as in mobile medical applications or with an ambulatory patient, the weight of the pressure regulator takes on increased significance and the disadvantage of excessive weight is amplified further.
Accordingly, there is a need for a gas pressure regulator and an associated air delivery apparatus free of the drawbacks and disadvantages outlined above.
There is a further need for the gas pressure regulator to be lightweight yet suitably rugged, compact, and dimensioned so as to avoid inadvertent damage when used in a variety of applications.


ANSI X3.92 Data Encryption algorithm is public knowledge, and is widely used where data security and integrity is vital, such as commercial banks, secret service organizations etc. Even though this algorithm is feasible to implement in software, it is impractical to achieve desired performance for most of the applications. Hence, a hardware solution is highly recommended. Prior art DES hardware in CMOS technology served performance needs of low-end and mid-range systems only, due to the technology constraints. However, some of these constraints are removed through the technology breakthroughs and the current CMOS is well suited for high performance applications. While prior art DES designs allowed one round per cycle to minimize the cell count, the current technology allows of multiple rounds per cycle due to the denser CMOS chip technology. In order to maximize the number of rounds for a given cycle time, careful study of algorithm to determine the critical paths from a logic implementation perspective is required. This invention identifies one such path in f-function of the DES algorithm, where the expanded data and the key is XOR'd prior to entering S-function. It is mathematically proven that if the left half of the input data is expanded and XOR'ed with the second key at the same time the right half of the input data which is still going through its XOR, S-function, permute and expansion, then this expanded result can be immediately XOR'ed with the left input data being expanded and XOR'ed in parallel. The resulting output can be used as input to the next S-function, thus eliminating a stage of expansion and XOR logic for all subsequent S-function inputs in rounds 2 through 15.

The Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA) is a complete description of a mathematical algorithm for encryption (encipher) and decryption (decipher) of binary coded data. Encryption converts plain text to unintelligible form and decryption converts ciphered text back to plain text. The DEA specifies both encryptions and decryption operations under a key. Plain text can be recovered for a given ciphered text, by using the same key that was used for encryption. As this algorithm is public knowledge, the security is achieved solely from the key protection.
The DEA standard has been developing for many years and International Business Machines Corporation has used a Cryptographic Algorithm defined by 1. Key.sub.-- Controlled Cryptographic Algorithm, Implementation of Cryptography, IBM Corporate standard specification, C-S 0-3031-001, 1989-03; and 2. Key.sub.-- Controlled Cryptographic Algorithm Description, IBM Corporate specification, C-H-0-3031-002, C-S 0-3031-001 since 1989 and 1990. These documents show how to implement and follow the standard which we have found needs improvement.
It will be noted that sometimes encryption and decryption are distinguished, but as the invention here works for both, the term encryption is used as the generic term.

Performance enhancement for ANSI X3.92 data encryption algorithm standard


A drive device for moving a movable part of a piece of piece of furniture between a closed position and an open position includes a motor pivotably connectable to a body of the piece of furniture via a support assembly, a first threaded element rotatably drivable by the motor, and a second threaded element engaged with said first threaded element. The second threaded element is translationally displaced along the first threaded element upon rotation of the first threaded element. An actuating element having a first stop and a second stop is included and is arranged displaceably relative to the first threaded element along an axis of motion. The second threaded element is arranged axially displaceably relative to the actuating element between the first stop and the second stop of the actuating element. Also, a fitting element pivotally connected to the actuating element and connectable to the movable furniture part is included.

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
Furniture can be designed to be open, for example as a shelf, or at least partially closed, with a movable part allowing the furniture to be opened and closed. Doors, lids and drawers with closing fronts are particularly suitable as movable parts. For reasons of convenience, furniture may have moving parts that can be moved by motor between a closed and an open position.
From DE 20 2010 016 982 U1 a movement device for a movable furniture part with at least one actuator for moving the movable furniture part is known. The actuator is driven by an actuating drive in such a way that the movable furniture part can be moved from the closed to the open position and vice versa. The actuating drive is drivingly connected to a first gear wheel and to a second gear wheel. The second gear can pivot the actuator around a pivot axis in such a way that the actuator can move the movable furniture part between a closed position and an open position. In addition, a freewheel is provided between the second gear wheel and the actuating element, which makes it possible to open the movable furniture part manually.

Drive device for moving a movable part of a piece of furniture, as well as a fitting arrangement and a piece of furniture with such a drive device


An auxiliary lens attachment, installed a prescription or colored enhancement lens, is mounted onto an end of a rifle scope. The auxiliary lens attachment includes an adaptor having a lens receiving portion at a first end, a lens securing portion in a middle and a rifle scope mounting portion at a second end. A distance adjusting member is positioned on the securing portion of the adaptor to adjust the distance between the securing portion and the mounting portion.

A person Who uses prescription glasses experiences difficulties in using an optical instrument such as a telescope, binocular, camera, gun scope or microscope, etc. One concern is that the prescription glasses increase the distance between eyepieces in the optical instrument and person's eyes so that the person does not usually have the full scope of the view which is magnified from the optical instrument.
Another problem is that prescription glasses are anisotropic and have a definite optical center. If the person's eyes look through the prescription glasses at an angle, the prescription with respect to the eyes will change accordingly. Therefore, the prescription at that time does not fit person's eyes.
One method to solve this problem is to wear prescription contact lenses. However, it is usually not convenient to wear contact lenses for a long time and unwear them. Further, oculists usually prefer to prescribe lenses less than full correction. Therefore, it is not proper to use a full correction prescription lens as a contact lens for normal use. Neither is it desirable to use a lower correction contact lens with the optical instrument as this will affect its function.
In addition to the above concerns, a cheap, light and simple auxiliary lens attachment for optical instruments is desired.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,508,043 issued to Barrows discloses an auxiliary lens being embodied in a structure of a microscope to correct refractive errors of the person using the microscope.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,381,101 issued to Bausch discloses an adjustable eye cap for optical instruments.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,610,545 issued to Davidson discloses a telescope having an inclined-axis eye piece.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,351,408 issued to Krewalk discloses a sunlight-filtering ocular adaptor for telescopes permitting the direct viewing therewith of intensely luminous objects.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,594,061 issued to Selvage discloses an eye guard displaceably mounted at a non-prescription eyepiece.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,119,984 issued to Zajac discloses an eyepiece for use in conjunction with an optical instrument of a camera.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,264,123 issued to Mabie discloses a gun telescope bellows-type extender which absorbs gun recoil to prevent injuring to the eye.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,416,528 issued to Breslau et al. discloses a camera lens accessory and a mounting ring construction for positioning and locking lens accessories.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,667 issued to Rohr et al. discloses a binocular microscope attachment for correction of ametropia.
The present invention provides numerous advantages over the prior art including the provision of a cheap, simple, light auxiliary lens attachment including a prescription lens having full correction prescription thereon.


A mobile portable computer docking/office station is adapted for use in an automotive vehicle or a hotel room and includes a portable housing which may be rested on a car or truck seat. The housing is shaped to resemble a child's car seat, and has exterior side surface indentations which receive portions of the vehicle's passenger side seat belt structure to hold the housing in place on the vehicle seat. A docking area is formed in the housing and is provided with an electrical connector that mates with a corresponding connector on a portable computer when the computer is operatively inserted into the docking area. A printer/scanner unit, a cellular modem, a pair of speakers, and a computer battery charger are carried by the housing and are operatively coupled to the docking area connector. DC electrical power may be transmitted to these components by a self-retracting power cord carried by the housing and having an outer end member that may be plugged into the vehicle's cigarette lighter. A cellular phone is also included with the docking/office station and is removably supportable in a cradle recess formed in the housing portion of the portable docking/office station.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to computer apparatus and, in a preferred embodiment thereof, more particularly provides a mobile portable computer docking/office station for use in an automotive vehicle and/or a hotel room.
2. Description of Related Art
When returning to their office or home from a business trip, many portable computer users connect the portable computer which they used on the trip to the docking station portion of their office or home computer work station to connect the portable computer is to the various components of their home or off ice computer work station such as a printer, desktop monitor and the like. As is well known, the user's home or office computer work station is typically more comfortable to use then his portable computer by itself, and provides him with the ability to easily perform many more business work tasks than the stand-alone portable computer.
However, the various docking and peripheral components which are likely to be individually incorporated in the typically stationary home or business computer work station are simply not well suited to be carted off on the usual business trip with the relatively diminutive portable computer, and are equally ill suited for use "on the road" in a car or hotel room. Accordingly, in the past the business traveler/computer user has traditionally been constrained, until he returned from the trip, to the limited work functions that could be incorporated by the manufacturer into his portable computer.
In view of this it would be highly desirable to provide the business traveler with a portable computer system which more closely approximated the computing and other work capabilities of the typical home or office computer work station.

Mobile portable computer docking/office station


An apparatus to feed elongated metallic workpieces to a manufacturing process including a storage hopper configured to hold a plurality of workpieces that are randomly oriented and a movement device having a workpiece support that is automatically engageable with a workpiece.

Billets and other elongated objects have been used in manufacturing for many years wherein these objects must be moved or transported from one process to the next, stored, removed from storage and even manipulated or orientated for certain operations between the creation of the billet and the final processing of the billet. In the past, many methods have been used to transport or move these objects which include manual movement, vibratory feeders, conveyors, bins and pushers. These devices can be utilized to move or transport the billets from a first position to a second position.
As can be appreciated, the location and orientation of the billet must be known before the billet can be moved from the first position to a second or known position. Further, interengagement with a desired number of billets at the first position, when the billet is in a randomly oriented condition, requires either manual manipulation by an operator or the use of sensors or other vision-type features on the movement device to properly orient the device. In this respect, and with respect to traditional jaws or grippers utilized in pick and place style manipulators, the device must know the orientation of the billet to properly align the jaws of the movement device with respect to the billet such that the jaws can grasp the billet. Once the billet is grasped, it can be manipulated as is needed for the particular operation. Not only does the movement device need to sense the position of the billet, it also must be able to articulate the jaws to properly orient the jaws relative to the billet to grasp the billet. As can be appreciated, this articulation can require multi-axis equipment so that the jaws can be oriented relative to the billet. The need for both vision and multi-axis articulation can greatly increase the costs of the device and can also greatly reduce the reliability and longevity of the device. This is especially true in the harsh environment typically associated with billet processing

Method and apparatus for transporting steel billets


An actuator device has a temperature sensing means and a controller adapted to apply a high frequency AC signal to stimulate internal self-heating to thereby maintain a temperature of an actuator member of the device at a certain fixed temperature, this temperature being elevated with respect to an initial temperature of the actuator member. This ensures that thermal drift may be mitigated or eliminated by compensating for any changes in environmental temperature through raising or lowering the level of the heating signal.

Electroactive materials (EAMs) are a class of materials within the field of electrically responsive materials. When implemented in an actuation device, subjecting an EAM to an electrical drive signal can make it change in size and/or shape. This effect can be used for actuation and sensing purposes. There exist inorganic and organic EAMs. One particular kind of organic EAM is that of electroactive polymers (EAPs).
Electroactive polymers (EAPs) are an emerging class of materials within the field of electrically responsive materials. EAPs can work as sensors or actuators and can easily be manufactured into various shapes allowing easy integration into a large variety of systems.
Materials have been developed with characteristics such as actuation stress and strain which have improved significantly over the last ten years. Technology risks have been reduced to acceptable levels for product development so that EAPs are commercially and technically becoming of increasing interest. Advantages of EAPs include low power, small form factor, flexibility, noiseless operation, accuracy, the possibility of high resolution, fast response times, and cyclic actuation.
The improved performance and particular advantages of EAP material give rise to applicability to new applications.
An EAP device can be used in any application in which a small amount of movement of a component or feature is desired, based on electric actuation. Similarly, the technology can be used for sensing small movements.
The use of EAPs enables functions which were not possible before, or offers a big advantage over common sensor/actuator solutions, due to the combination of a relatively large deformation and force in a small volume or thin form factor, compared to common actuators. EAPs also give noiseless operation, accurate electronic control, fast response, and a large range of possible actuation frequencies, such as 0-1 MHz, most typically below 20 kHz.
Known electroactive material based actuators experience significant thermal drift. Thermal drift means uncontrolled drift or variation in the actuation displacement of the actuator, caused by changes in environmental temperature. It occurs because electroactive material expands with increasing temperature which causes non-negligible shifts in the actuation displacement of the actuator.
Thermal drift renders the actuators inaccurate, especially when applied in non-conditioned environments, for instance when incorporated into medical probes which, upon entry to the human body, become subject to significant increases in temperature.
Means for overcoming the difficulties of thermal drift in EAM based actuators are therefore desired.

Actuator device and method for limiting thermal drift


Methods of fluid handling are disclosed. In one method, a nozzle is moved adjacent a container for a fluid. A pump fluidly associated with the nozzle is energized to move fluid with respect to the nozzle. A pressure transducer fluidly associated with the nozzle is energized to monitor transient pressure fluidly associated with the nozzle. The transient pressure fluidly associated with the nozzle is substantially continuously monitored with the pressure transducer at least during operation of the pump. It is determined whether movement of fluid with respect to the nozzle is intended or unintended based on the substantially continuously monitored pressure fluidly associated with the nozzle.

Embodiments described herein relate generally to handling a fluid automatically. More specifically, the embodiments relate to moving a fluid into and out of a nozzle.
Fluid handlers or generally mechanisms for moving a fluid have many applications. One such application involves a type of machine referred to as an automated medical analyzer. These analyzers perform medical tests on a sample, such as blood, urine and the like. These tests may require mixing of the sample with a fluid. Once the sample is mixed with the fluid, a chemical reaction may take place. The chemical reaction can be used to provide a medical professional with medical information about the sample. Because the sample may have come from a human patient, the medical information about the sample may provide the medical professional with information about the patient's medical condition.
For these analyzers to operate as intended, and to give the correct medical information to the medical professional, it is desirable to mix only a specific amount of sample with a specific amount of fluid. If too much or too little sample, or if too much or too little fluid is used during the mixing process, then the chemical reaction between the sample and the fluid may not occur as desired. If this occurs, the test may give inaccurate medical information about the sample and about the patient. It may not be in the patient's best interests for a medical professional to be given inaccurate medical information. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a fluid handler which can alert an automated medical analyzer operator when the wrong amount of sample and/or fluid has been used with a particular medical test.

Fluid handler and method of handling a fluid


A method for making mechanical parts and objects, in particular, prototype parts and objects, from a specific computer-assisted design includes the successive steps of making the parts in elementary layers or strata, reconstructing an assembly of the layers, and assembling the layers. The layers are derived from a previous decomposition of the part along specific planes and in one or several step(s). The unit layers determined by the decomposition of the part include a central portion (8), which effectively corresponds to a layer having the shape and thickness desired for the finished part, an outer portion (11) of substantially the same thickness, surrounding at least portions of the central portion, and frangible bridges (10) linking the central portion (8) and the outer portion (11) together.

The subject of the present invention is an improvement to methods for producing mechanical parts and objects, particularly prototypes, from a specific computer-aided design, to elemental laminations produced by such methods, and to prototypes obtained by the assembly of such elemental laminations.
Such methods generally comprise a successive series of steps including manufacturing the parts in elemental layers or laminations, building up a collection of the layers, and assembling the layers to form the part, wherein the laminations result from a prior breakdown of the part along plural planes and in one or more defined steps.
One rapid prototyping method of this general type is the subject of European Patent EP-0 585 502-B1, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference, which is known by the name "STRATOCONCEPTION" (a registered trademark).
The "STRATOCONCEPTION" method is entirely satisfactory within the limits of the applications specified in EP-0 585 502-B1, in which the various laminations are essentially positioned and assembled using inserts, the shape and position of which are also determined by specific software. However, because the inserts for the assembly are provided on the inside of the structure, in the case of parts of a certain thickness, the implementation process, which in other respects is very flexible and effective, is somewhat cumbersome. Moreover, it is difficult to provide inserts on the inside of the structure for laminations having a working cross-section (thickness of the final part) which is small. Such small laminations are needed for obtaining very fine, and therefore more precise modeling, or for producing parts whose complex structure entails a breakdown passing through laminations of a very small lateral thickness.

Method for making mechanical parts by decomposition into layers

C.I.R.T.E.S. (Centre d'Ingenierie de Recherche et de Transfert de l'Esstin a Saint-Die)


A container for printer paper or the like formed of a rectangular bottom part containing the paper and a rectangular cover having peripheral flanging which enables the cover to fit exactly over the bottom part. The cover is formed with a deformable band which is integral with the material of the cover and constitutes the handle of the container. The band is obtained by providing the cover with two cuts which extend side by side between two opposite upper edges of the cover. In the middle part of the cover, the cuts deviate to form two rectangular tabs. The cuts also extend downwardly past the upper edges a short distance to enable the band to arch upwardly when upwardly pulling it. The cuts are oriented in such a way that the band is widest at the cover edges, and narrowest at the ends of the cut extensions and at the middle part of the cover. To prevent any damage to the handle while carrying the carrier box, a reinforcing belt is wrapped around the bottom part and cover while remaining in contact with the band.

(a) Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a carrier box. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with a container for printer paper or the like which is provided with handle means enabling to easily carry the box from one location to another.
(b) Description of Prior Art
The development of the computer has given rise to an enormous consumption of paper which is customarily stored in small cardboard boxes. Now, it is quite normal to carry these boxes from one location to another, generally by grabbing the entire box and to hand carry it to a chosen place. Of course, all sorts of means are provided to facilitate the handling of these boxes. However, to this date, the art has not suggested something that is inexpensive, easy to produce and convenient to use in handling carrier boxes, especially those that are utilized to contain printer paper.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,880,866 issued Apr. 7, 1959 to W. J. Van Dyck discloses a shipping package for paper, which however has no means to handle it.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,012,660 issued Dec. 12, 1961, inventor Water T. Sheldon, Jr., relates to a shipping container including a prismatic body, closure caps and a strap to secure the parts together.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,864 issued Dec. 6, 1983, inventor John C. Nielsen, describes a carton with handle which is made of a strip of reinforcing tape which is secured to the side walls of the carton.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,567,070 issued Jan. 28, 1986, inventor Thomas J. Karass, is concerned with a container having a handle integral therewith and a tape inserted between the layers of the box and also between those forming the handle. Although giving some satisfaction, this article is complicated and expensive to manufacture.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,817,866 issued Apr. 4, 1989, inventor Roger J. Wonnacott, is another example of a tape incorporated into the material of the box and of the handle to reinforce the latter.
Other patents of interest for storing sheet material including computer forms, include
U.S. Pat. No. 1,140,231 issued May 1915 to Agar PA1 U.S. Pat. No. 1,993,516 issued March 1935 to Kells PA1 U.S. Pat. No. 2,706,591 issued April 1955 to Sheard PA1 U.S. Pat. No. 2,761,608 issued September 1956 to Welshenbach PA1 U.S. Pat. No. 3,094,268 issued June 1963 to Swanson et al PA1 U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,485 issued September 1980 to Focke
It will be realized that there is a need for a cheap container which includes a reinforced handle.


A modular outside mirror assembly for a commercial vehicle incorporates an upper body anchorage, with an upper pivot linkage, a lower body anchorage with a lower pivot linkage, a first mirror and a holding arm, onto which the first mirror is fastened. The holding arm is disposed in the upper and lower pivot linkage of the upper and lower body anchorage such that the holding arm is rotatable about an axis relative to the body anchorages. Due to modular construction, a multiplicity of different mirror variants are available. In another aspect a servomotor is attached to the holding arm to pivot the holding arm against or away from a side of the vehicle about a defined turning axis.

Commercial vehicles such as trucks, travel buses and the like, each possess on their driver's side, as well as on the passenger's side, at least one outside main mirror and very frequently a wide-angle mirror. Since the commercial vehicle, in accord with the laws of various lands, can be steered from the right or left, the mirror manufacturer must make four different mirrors available, i.e., for driver side and passenger side and for right steering and left steering. This obligation leads to high manufacturing costs for the different forms and associated equipment as well as to high costs of inventory for multiple versions.
Often variants of the same mirror (for example the driver's side mirror for a left-steering vehicle) are offered, each being expensive initially, but on the basis of being aerodynamically favorable, in the long run, promising to be more economical. The known variants require different fastening apparatuses, mirror panes, adjustment devices and the like, all of which must be designed, manufactured and held in inventory. This again presents a substantial factor in cost accumulation. Furthermore, the commercial vehicle itself must be subjected to various attachment modes, including borings and the like.
Further, outside mirrors for commercial vehicles, to achieve the desired angle of sight, are installed normally on the side and/or somewhat forward on the body of the commercial vehicles. However, in many cases this is disadvantageous when driving, for example, through narrow washing lanes or during transport of the commercial vehicles on ferries or transport ships, where the vehicles are placed as closely as possible beside each other and nose to tail with one another.
Again, upon maneuvering in tight areas such as entries to courts, street tunnels and the like, the side and forward positions of the rear view mirrors can be inconvenient. To correct this, the outside rear view mirrors should be pivoted, so that they can be swung back against the side of the vehicle. To carry this swinging out manually would be disadvantageous, as the pivoting would also be necessary for the passenger seat mirror which is not directly reachable by the driver.

Outside rear view mirror for commercial vehicles


A process is disclosed for the selective and high yield preparation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a). The process comprises contacting chloroethene with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in a liquid phase at a temperature from about 50.degree. C. and 95.degree. C. while in the presence of a tin(IV) catalyst and an alkali metal halide.

Golubev et al. (U.S.S.R. Inventor Certificate No. 341,788, published Jul. 7, 1972) describe a liquid phase process for producing 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) by reacting chloroethene with hydrogen fluoride (HF) while in the presence of tin tetrachloride (SnCl.sub.4).
Komatsu et al. (European Patent EP 187,643, filed Jan. 3, 1986) discloses a process for manufacturing hydrofluorocarbons by reacting hydrochlorocarbons with HF while in the presence of a tin catalyst and an additive chosen from compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen. These additives, however, have low stability in the reaction medium and/or reduce the activity of the tin catalyst when used in the presence of HF and a hydrochlorocarbon such as 1,1,2-trichloroethane.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,968,850 to Franklin et al., discloses a process for manufacturing a fluorinated hydrocarbon by reacting hydrogen fluoride with an unsaturated chlorinated hydrocarbon while in the presence of a tin catalyst.
Komatsu et al. (Japanese Kokai publication number SHO 621987!-246528, publication date Oct. 27, 1987) describes a process for manufacturing hydrofluorocarbons, characterized by reacting a hydrogen-containing halogenated hydrocarbon with HF in a liquid phase.
The disclosure of the above-identified patent documents is hereby incorporated by reference.

Use of alkali metal halides in the manufacture of 1, 1-difluoroethane


A channel unit has a first individual ink channel including a first nozzle and a first pressure chamber, and a second individual ink channel including a second nozzle and a second pressure chamber. The channels have a mutually identical channel structure. A piezoelectric actuator, in which a vibration plate, a piezoelectric layer, and a pair of electrodes are stacked, is arranged on the upper surface of the channel unit. A portion of the piezoelectric layer facing the first pressure chamber is thinner than a portion facing the second pressure chamber. Accordingly, a liquid droplet-jetting apparatus is provided, in which the channel structure is simple, and the volumes of liquid droplets jetted from the first nozzle and the second nozzle respectively are different from each other.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a liquid droplet-jetting apparatus which jets liquid droplets from nozzles, and a method for producing the liquid droplet-jetting apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
Liquid droplet-jetting apparatuses are known, which jet liquid droplets from nozzles by applying the pressure to the liquid contained in pressure chambers communicated with the plurality of nozzles by means of the piezoelectric actuator. Some of the liquid droplet-jetting apparatuses as described above adjust the jetting characteristic of the liquid droplets to be jetted from the nozzles by changing, for each of the nozzles, the structure of the channel communicated with the nozzle. For example, in the case of an ink-jetting apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 8-281948 (FIG. 5), the structure of the channel communicated with the nozzle is changed by changing the position of the manifold channel communicated with the corresponding ink chamber for each of the nozzles.
For example, the following situation sometimes arises in relation to an ink-jet head (liquid droplet-jetting apparatus) which has nozzles for jetting black ink droplets and nozzles for jetting color ink droplets. That is, it is required that the jetting characteristic of the liquid droplets should be changed for each of the nozzles provided for the different types of liquid droplets to be jetted. For example, when the monochrome printing (black and white printing) is performed, the printing is performed at a high speed by jetting large volumes of black ink droplets, while when the color printing is performed, the high image quality printing is performed by jetting small volumes of color ink droplets. In such a situation, the jetting characteristic of liquid droplets can be also changed for each of the nozzles provided for the different types of liquid droplets to be jetted, by changing the structure of the channel. For example, as shown in FIG. 22, it is possible to make a volume of a black ink droplet greater than that of a color ink droplet by making the size of a pressure chamber for black ink 500a greater than that of a pressure chamber for color ink 500b. However, the channels, which are communicated with the nozzles, have the structures which are different between the respective nozzles having the different jetting characteristics. Therefore, the structures of the channels are consequently complicated. On the other hand, other than the change of the structure of the channel, it is also conceived that the voltage, which is applied to drive the corresponding piezoelectric actuator, is changed for each of the nozzles having the different jetting characteristics. However, in this case, the circuit for applying the voltage has the complicated configuration, for example, such that a plurality of power sources are required.

Liquid droplet-jetting apparatus and method for producing liquid droplet-jetting apparatus


A portable electronic device having NFC application function is provided. The electronic device includes a body, a watch-strap portion and a NFC module. The watch-strap portion includes a first watch strap and a second watch strap respectively connected to opposite end portions of the body. The first watch strap and the second watch strap are used to wear the electronic device on a wrist. The NFC module integrates with a plurality of different NFC applications. Therefore, user can use those NFC applications conveniently and safely through the electronic device worn on their wrist.

1. Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a portable electronic device having near field communication (NFC) application function, which can be worn on the wrist.
2. Description of Related Art
Nowadays, application using NFC technology is very popular. A physical card having NFC module can integrate with several different applications, such as bus card, credit card, access card, bank card and membership card, which brings a great convenience to people's daily life. Thus, making the existing NFC applications more convenient and safer has caused widespread concern.

Portable electronic device having near field communication application function


A compound of general formula (I)

In 1990, Gunasekera S P et al. reported the isolation of a new polyhydroxylated lactone, (+)-discodermolide, from the deep-water Caribbean sponge Discodermia dissoluta (Gunasekera S P et al. J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 4912-4915 and J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 1346).

This compound has been revealed to be a potent antimitotic agent (Hung D T et al. Chem. Biol. 1996, 3, 287-293 and ter Haar E et al. Biochemistry 1996, 35, 243-250), possessing a mode of action similar to that of the clinically proven anticancer agent paclitaxel (Schiff P B et al. Nature 1979, 277, 665-667). Both natural products arrest the cell cycle at the M phase, promote microtubule formation, and have similar inhibitory effects against breast cancer carcinoma (IC50 of 2.4 nM and 2.1 nM, respectively).
On the other hand, some unusual linear dipeptides containing a N-acyl enamide functionality have been isolated from a myxobacteria belonging to the Chondromyces genus (Kunze B et al. J. Antibiot. 1994, 47, 881-886 and Jansen R et al. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 1085-1089). Specifically, these compounds are crocacins A, B, C and D and are a group of electron transport inhibitors.

Crocacins A-D moderately inhibit the growth of a few Gram-positive bacteria and are potent inhibitors of animal cell cultures and several yeasts and fungi. The most active is crocacin D which showed a MIC of 1.4 ng/mL against the fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae and strong toxicity (IC50 of 0.06 mg/L) toward L929 mouse fibroblast cell culture.
Gudasheva et al. (Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2007, 44(4), 413-420, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2006, 40(7), 367-372) reported the design of dipeptide compounds based on the structure of the endogenous tetrapeptide cholescystokinin-4 (CCK-4). In this regard, it is disclosed that L-thryptophan derivatives exhibited anxiolytic properties and the D-thryptophan derivatives, anxiogenic properties. Two of the dipeptide compounds disclosed by Gudasheva et al. are the following:
and the following compounds were disclosed as intermediates in the synthesis of compounds R and U:

Cancer is a leading cause of death in animals and humans. Huge efforts have been and are still being undertaken in order to obtain an antitumor agent active and safe to be administered to patients suffering from a cancer. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide compounds that are useful in the treatment of cancer.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Abstract: A compound of general formula (I)

Abstract: wherein A, Y, W, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 take various meanings for use in the treatment of cancer.


A vehicle impact-sensing system is disclosed which discriminates a severe impact event from a minor impact incident. The sensing system is enabled by a preliminary stage of the sensing algorithm in response to an occurrence of an acceleration in excess of an enabling threshold. In the sensing algorithm, a first phase evaluates the likelihood potential of an impact event using a measure derived from the signals provided by a remote sensor at the front end of the vehicle. A second phase determines the timing to trigger the deployment of airbags by using the predicted occupant movement as the measure. A third phase determines the severity of the impact event using a measure derived from accelerometer signals and deploys either a single-stage or a multi-stage inflation of airbags.

This invention relates to impact-sensing systems for road vehicles. More particularly, it relates to an improved system for timing the initiation of deploying of devices such as airbags.
It is well known that the total available time for an airbag to effectively restrain occupants in a severe event is very short; accordingly, occupant restraining systems must have the ability to timely and reliably determine the occurrence of an impact and to deploy the airbags to an operative condition within the available time. On the other hand, the system must be immune to deployment during minor impact events for which airbag restraint is not needed.
There is also a need for an improved method for calibration of control systems for airbags and other such devices. It is common practice in calibrating such control systems to develop the required calibration data from measurements taken in actual impact testing of each new vehicle model (referred to as alpha-build prototypes) so that the control system calibration for that model is especially established according to its characteristics. The testing of a vehicle is time consuming and costly; accordingly, a calibration method is needed which does not require actual impact testing of vehicles.
In the prior art, attempts have been made to discriminate the severity of the impact event using acceleration and jerk signals which cannot be reliably generated from computer simulations, such as finite element analysis. Accordingly, it is highly desirable to have an algorithm which does not rely upon acceleration and jerk measures to discriminate the severity of an impact event.
There is a need for an impact-sensing algorithm which relies upon velocity-based measures which can be obtained without need for the alpha-build procedure of impact testing prototype vehicles to calibrate the sensing system. Preferably, the velocity-based measures are obtained by use of computer or finite element models (FEM) for calibration of sensing systems.
In the prior art, the Watanabe et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,787,377 granted Jul. 28, 1998 describes an airbag ignition timing system which processes vehicle acceleration signals to predict when a passenger will reach a front surface of the airbag. The ignition timing circuit processes acceleration signals to obtain plural displacement signals and adds them together to derive a predicted displacement signal and compare it with a reference value. An ignition signal is issued in the event the predicted displacement signal exceeds the reference value. In this system, predicted occupant displacement and impact severity are processed in a parallel manner as distinguished from a sequential manner.
The Nitschke et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,540,461 granted Jul. 30, 1996 discloses an occupant restraint system using velocity calculations based on a filtered acceleration signal. The occupant displacement and relative speed with respect to the passenger compartment are estimated and compared with presettable limit values.
The Adolph et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,785,347 granted Jul. 28, 1998 discloses an airbag deployment system which includes a pre-impact sensor and an impact detection sensor to predict impacts and to determine the severity of the predicted impacts. Sensors disposed in the vehicle determine passenger location and activate the airbags accordingly. Single- or multi-stage airbags may be deployed in accordance with the impact severity.
In accordance with this invention, a vehicle impact-sensing system is provided which discriminates severe events which require actuation of safety devices from minor incidents which do not require such actuation. This is accomplished by use of one or more vehicle-mounted accelerometers and an associated signal processing algorithm in a microprocessor.
Further, the impact-sensing computer program is based on an algorithm which uses only velocity and displacement measures which can be reliably generated from computer simulations that discriminate the severity of an event. This is accomplished without the need for generating acceleration/jerk measures; thus, the algorithm enables math-based impact-sensing system calibration to reduce or eliminate the costly alpha-build vehicle tests.
Further, in accordance with this invention, predicted occupant movement, used as a measure to determine the firing time for deploying airbags, makes the actual sensing time close to the desired sensing time.
Further, in accordance with this invention, deployment of airbags is controlled by the steps of determining whether an impact event has a high likelihood potential and, if it does, calculating the predicted occupant movement using velocity-based measures. If the predicted occupant movement exceeds a predetermined movement threshold, impact severity measure is determined as a function of vehicle velocity change. If the impact severity measure exceeds a predetermined severity threshold, the airbag inflator is actuated.

Vehicle impact-sensing method with improved severity discrimination


A passive filter may include at least one elliptical filter unit and at least one asymmetric rejection filter unit coupled in series with the elliptical filter unit. The at least one asymmetric rejection filter unit may have a frequency response curve that includes a dip with different attenuations on either side, and an overshoot upon exiting the dip at the side with the lower attenuation.

Current mobile phones are designed to operate in multiple radio frequency bands to be compatible with the existing telecommunication standards (GSM, 3G, WCDMA, LTE), which may vary from country to country. The 3G standard, in one country, requires five pairs of bands. Two bands of a pair are respectively used for transmission and reception in full duplex. If the LTE standard is added, seven pairs of bands are to be in the same country. If it is desirable to cover the bands used for the 3G and LTE standards in all countries, ten pairs of bands are to be used.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transceiver stage of a mobile phone designed to handle one pair of bands. The transceiver stage includes a duplexer 10 formed by a pair of bandpass filters, one for conveying an incoming signal Rx arriving on an antenna, the other for transmitting on the antenna an outgoing signal Tx arriving via a power amplifier PA.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the response curves, one in a solid line and the other in a dashed line, of the two bandpass filters of a duplexer. The frequency response of each filter is characterized by the bandwidth B, the gap between the two bands BG, the insertion loss IL (attenuation compared to the level of the original signal), the rejection ratio R from the other band, and the slope S between the bands.
The characteristics that may be of a more particular interest are the slope S and the rejection ratio R, which increase when both bands become closer. A worst case, for example, is for the LTE US and LTE EU standards, which require a 20 MHz gap BG between bands at frequencies around 2 GHz. For example, for the LTE US standard, the transmission band is between 1850 and 1910 MHz, and the reception band is between 1930 and 1990 MHz.
Thus, templates may be imposed on the duplexer filters. These templates have typically been met in practice by surface acoustic wave filters (SAW) or bulk acoustic wave filters (BAW).
SAW or BAW filters, having a very limited frequency range for adjusting their bandwidth, cannot typically be adjusted to cover multiple bands. The result is that a separate duplexer is used for each pair of bands, and that ten duplexers may be required with corresponding auxiliary circuits (amplifiers PA), independently switched on the antenna, if a universal mobile phone platform is desired.
In theory, active filters or passive elliptical filters may satisfy the templates. Such filters may have a satisfactory frequency adjustment range, which may reduce the number of duplexers by making each duplexer tunable over several neighboring bands. However, the power consumption of active filters may be prohibitive for battery-operated devices. As for elliptical filters, there are no inductors on the market with a sufficient quality factor, so that the actual characteristics of these filters differ too much from the theoretical characteristics that satisfy the templates.


A circuit board holder holding a circuit board which is not fixed to a liquid container containing an ink and stores information relating to the ink includes a support portion configured to have an inclined surface supporting the circuit board. The circuit board supported by the support portion is inclined to a horizontal direction.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a storage unit holding member which holds a storage unit used together with a liquid receptacle, and to a holding member.
2. Related Art
In the related art, a technology has been known where an information providing medium (storage unit) which has recorded therein ink information of an ink bottle (liquid receptacle) is separate from the ink bottle (for example, refer to JP-A-2008-254395).
In JP-A-2008-254395, if a user inserts an information providing medium to a medium insertion opening of a printing apparatus (liquid consuming apparatus), a reading device (communication section) provided in the printing apparatus reads ink information stored in the information providing medium. Based on the information read, a controller provided in the printing apparatus performs a predetermined control.
However, the information providing medium disclosed in JP-A-2008-254395 does not include a structure for positioning with or fixing to the reading device. Therefore, displacement occurs between the information providing medium and the reading device, and this leads to a possibility that the reading device may not read the ink information stored in the information providing medium.
In addition, if the reading device is located deep inside the medium insertion opening, that is, if the distance between the reading device and the medium insertion opening is longer than the length of information providing medium, the information providing medium might not reach the reading device even though the user inserts the information providing medium into the medium insertion opening. Accordingly, the reading device may not read the ink information stored in the information providing medium.
In addition, the information providing medium is separate from an ink bottle. Therefore, when replenishing ink from the ink bottle to the printing apparatus, in some cases, the user may erroneously spill ink on the information providing medium, or place the information providing medium on ink that was spilled from the ink bottle. If ink clings to the information providing medium in this way, the reading device may not be able read the ink information stored in the information providing medium.

Storage unit holding member and holding member


An imaging device including a base on which an imaging element is provided, a cylindrically shaped plastic lens member holding a condensing lens at the inside, and a plastic barrel member in which the lens member can move in the axial direction and provided above the imaging element, wherein the barrel member and the lens member are affixed by laser welding, a method of production of the same, and an imaging device holding mechanism used for that production.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an imaging device comprised of a base on which an imaging element is provided, a cylindrically shaped plastic lens member holding a condensing lens at the inside, and a plastic barrel member in which the lens member can move in the axial direction and provided on the imaging element, a method of production of the same, and an imaging device holding mechanism used for that production.
2. Description of the Related Art
With digital equipment being made more sophisticated in function and smaller in size, utilization of image recording functions has been increasing. Along with this, small sized camera components, that is, imaging devices, are increasingly being built into that equipment.
As such an imaging device, there is for example one of the configuration shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. FIG. 9A is a perspective view, while FIG. 9B is a disassembled perspective view. In FIGS. 9A and 9B, a base 1 is provided with a cylindrical plastic barrel member 3. Inside the barrel member 3 and on the base 1 are provided a CCD, C-MOS sensor, or other imaging device 7. The inner circumference of the barrel member 3 is formed with a female thread 9.
The barrel member 3 is provided inside it with a plastic lens member 11. The lens member 11 is provided inside it with a condensing lens (not shown) for condensing light from a subject onto the imaging device 7. Further, the lens member 11 is formed at its bottom outer circumference with a male thread 13 able to engage with the female thread 9 of the barrel member 3.
To assemble an imaging device of such a configuration, first, the lens member 11 is inserted inside the barrel member 3, then the lens member 11 is turned to make the lens member 11 move in the axial direction of the barrel member 3 for focusing. After focusing, an adhesive is used to bond the barrel member 3 and the lens member 11 to thereby fix the condensing lens in place.
Further, when focusing by a lens other than the lens member 11, the following method has also been proposed. For example, unlike FIGS. 9A and 9B, a metal barrel member 3 with no female thread and a metal lens member 11 with no male thread 13 are used, the lens member 11 is inserted inside the barrel member 3, and the lens member 11 and barrel member 3 are affixed by calking (for example, see FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 of Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 5-181043).
With the method of affixing the lens member 11 and the barrel member 3 by an adhesive, there are the following problems:                (1) The adhesive is coated after the focusing work. The device then has to be allowed to stand in a high temperature environment or an ultraviolet environment for tens of minutes to several hours or so of time for complete curing. Shrinkage of the adhesive results in deviation in the relative positions between the lens member 11 and the barrel member 3, so the focus ends up becoming off.        (2) The release of the residual stress remaining in the lens member 11 or the barrel member 3 from the time of forming the member (annealing effect) results in deformation of the entire member and distortion in the image.        (3) When the image obtained is poor, the lens member 11 is detached once from the barrel member 3, the focusing is performed again, then the members are bonded as a repair method. With this method, after detaching the lens member 11 from the barrel member 3 (hereinafter referred to as "reworking"), sometimes the adhesive, a material different from the base materials, remains at the surface of the lens member 11 or barrel member 3 resulting in poor bonding at the time of rebonding.
Next, with the method of affixing the lens member 11 and the barrel member 3 by calking, there are the following problems:                (1) A large force acts on the lens at the time of calking, so the lens deforms or is damaged.        (2) A separate lens is required for focusing, so the cost becomes higher.

Imaging device, method of production of same, and holding mechanism of same


Techniques for adapting source ports for traffic include generating a first packet with a header and a payload, the header including an indication of a first source port from which the first packet is to be transmitted. The first packet is transmitted to a receiver using the first source port and, upon not receiving an acknowledgment from the receiver, a second packet with second header and the same payload is generated. The second header includes an indication of a second, different source port from which the second packet is to be transmitted. The second packet is transmitted to the receiver using the second, different source port. An acknowledgment is received from the receiver for one of the first or second packets, and the acknowledgment includes an indication of the source port that sent the packet.

Traditional on-premise video infrastructure is dedicated to video delivery. By keeping other traffic off of the video network, ensuring path diversity for redundant flows, and by tightly controlling switch upgrade windows, on-premise operators can achieve very reliable delivery of IP based video content. When running video workflows on top of a cloud network, users demand that same high reliability despite the network carrying hybrid traffic for numerous applications, delivering traffic over a mix of protocols, and the network being subject to asynchronous software updates and node replacements.

Source port adaptive multi-path (SAM) protocol


Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising forming an element isolation trench in a semiconductor substrate, coating a polysilazane perhydride solution on the semiconductor substrate having the element isolation trench formed thereon to form a polysilazane perhydride film, the polysilazane perhydride solution comprising dibutyl ether having a butanol concentration of 30 ppm or less, and polysilazane perhydride dissolved in the dibutyl ether, subjecting the polysilazane perhydride film to oxidation in an atmosphere containing water vapor to form a silicon dioxide film, and selectively removing the silicon dioxide film to leave the silicon dioxide film in the element isolation trench to form an element isolating insulation film.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a polysilazane perhydride solution and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device by using a polysilazane perhydride solution.
2. Description of the Related Art
An isolation structure known as an STI (Shallow Trench Isolation) structure is extensively employed for the isolation of elements in a semiconductor device. This STI structure can be created by a method wherein a trench is formed in an element isolation region of a semiconductor substrate, and then, a silicon oxide (SiO2) film functioning as an element isolating insulation film is buried inside this trench to form this STI structure. Recently however, due to the increase in aspect ratio of the trench for meeting demands for enhancing the fineness of semiconductor elements, it is now becoming increasingly difficult to bury the conventional ozone (O3)-TEOS CVD-SiO2 film or HDP CVD-SiO2 film in the trench of STI structure without causing the generation of voids or a seam.
Therefore, in the manufacture of a semiconductor device where the fineness of semiconductor elements is in the order of 100 nm or less, it has been proposed to fill the STI trench with an element isolating insulation film by using a coating type solution SOG (Spin-On-Glass). As for the SOG solution, a chemical comprising silicon hydroxide (silanol: SiOH4) dissolved in an organic solvent such as alcohol is generally employed. This silicon hydroxide solution is coated on a substrate to form a coated film, which is then heat-treated. Due to this heat treatment, the hydrolysis and dehydrocondensation reaction of silanol generate, thereby converting the coated film of silicon hydroxide solution into a silicon dioxide film. On the occasion of the hydrolysis and dehydrocondensation reaction of silanol however, a large magnitude of volumetric shrinkage generated in the coated film, resulting in the generation of cracks in the silicon dioxide film filled in the STI trench.
Under the circumstances, a polysilazane perhydride solution which is relatively low in volumetric shrinkage is noticed as useful for the SOG type chemical in recent years.

Polysilazane perhydride solution and method of manufacturing a semiconductor device using the same


The embodiments of the invention relate to method for image-based retrieval of an image or text, comprising capturing a digital image; matching the digital image against digitally-stored documents; and retrieving one or more of the digitally-stored documents that match the digital image. Other embodiments relate to a device for image-based retrieval and rendering, comprising an image capturing device for capturing digital image; a device for processing the digital image to match it against digitally-stored documents; a device for retrieving a digitally-stored document that matches the digital image; and a device for rendering the selected retrieved image.

People with disabilities, such as impaired vision or dyslexia, may have difficulty reading printed material. Automatic systems are needed to either display the documents with higher resolution or to render them as audio recordings.
It is known to provide a mobile print digitizer for the visually impaired. One known device captures printed documents and reads them to the user. A camera or scanner captures an image of a printed page, and then runs optical character recognition (OCR) on the image. A recognized problem with known reading machines is that a noisy image and/or a complex document layout may cause OCR recognition errors. The output is fed to a speech synthesizer such as a text-to-speech system (TTS).
Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for this purpose is commonly called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in software or hardware. A text-to-speech system is a type of speech synthesizer that converts normal language text into speech; other systems render symbolic linguistic representations like phonetic transcriptions into speech.
Synthesized speech can be created by concatenating pieces of recorded speech that are stored in a database. Systems differ in the size of the stored speech units; a system that stores phones or diphones provides the largest output range, but may lack clarity. For specific usage domains, the storage of entire words or sentences allows for high-quality output. Alternatively, a synthesizer can incorporate a model of the vocal tract and other human voice characteristics to create a completely "synthetic" voice output.
The problem with known devices is that a "noisy" image and complexity of the document layout may cause recognition errors. For instance, a magazine may have several blocks of text, text over photos, articles spanning several pages, etc. Moreover it is possible that multiple users will want to read the same content, and rescan documents that have already been processed.
Presently, the majority of printed material found in kiosks or libraries already exists in a digital form, as both text and high-resolution images. Known publishing processes begin with text, to which a layout is added. A high-resolution of the formatted text is created and then printed on paper. Most publishers have databases including the text, layout, and the high resolution image. Even when the only available version of an article or publication is a paper copy, the associated text, layout, and high resolution image can be generated by the publisher or another party and stored in a database. Text can be rendered as needed, such as being translated into audio using either a TTS system or having someone read it. Retrieving the text or the high resolution image, as needed, would provide a simplified and more accurate method of rendering the desired information.

Image-based retrieval for high quality visual or acoustic rendering


Technologies pertaining to accounting for pulse history effects are described herein. In connection with accounting for pulse history effects, an amount of time between a first current pulse and a second current pulse that are to be transmitted to a pulsed laser is determined. Based upon such an amount of time, a determination is made as to whether a porch pulse is to be prepended to the second current pulse. When the porch pulse is to be prepended to the second current pulse, an amplitude and duration of the porch pulse are computed based upon the amount of time. The porch pulse is transmitted to the pulsed laser immediately followed by the second current pulse, wherein the porch pulse pre-charges the pulsed laser for emitting a pulse of light based upon the second current pulse.

A scanned laser display is a type of display technology whereby light emitted from lasers is projected onto a display surface in a scanning manner, thereby forming visual images. More specifically, in a scanned laser display, a pulse of electrical current is provided to a pulsed laser (e.g., a red, green, or blue pulsed laser), and the pulsed laser emits light (having a certain luminance) towards the display surface. A mirror included in a microelectromechanical system (MEMs) directs the light towards a point on the display surface, wherein the point corresponds to a pixel in imagery that is presented on the display surface. Luminance of the light emitted by the pulsed laser is based upon an amplitude of the pulse of electrical current. In comparison to other display technologies, scanned laser displays have low power requirements, are capable of high levels of luminance, emit little electromagnetic radiation, can be packaged in small form factors, and present visual images that tend not to strain the human eye. As such, scanned laser displays are useful in lightweight head mounted displays, such as augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) headsets.
Due to the inherent non-linear behavior of lasers, precise control of luminance in a scanned laser display is challenging. More specifically, pulse history effects present challenges to precise control of luminance. Pulse history effects cause luminance of light emitted by the pulsed laser to be affected by parameters of each pulse of electrical current previously provided to the pulsed laser. Thus, a scanned laser display may drive a pulsed laser with a pulse of electrical current having an amplitude that, in the absence of pulse history effects, is expected to cause the pulsed laser to produce light of a first luminance; however, due to pulse history effects, the actual light produced by the pulsed laser may have a second luminance that is different from the first luminance. With more particularity, a pulsed laser initially biased below a lasing threshold has a delayed optical response to a current pulse driven above the lasing threshold. The net effect of this "turn-on delay" is a luminance of the light emitted by the pulsed laser that is below an expected luminance given an amplitude of the current pulse, and therefore color and/or luminance of a pixel that is different from an expected color and/or luminance.
Conventional scanned laser displays fail to account for pulse history effects when driving pulsed lasers of such displays. Due to the failure to account for pulse history effects, pixels in an image presented on a display of a scanned laser display may be brighter or darker than what is desired and/or may have a color that is somewhat different from what is desired.

Pulse shaping to reduce pulse history effects in pulsed lasers


A high speed automatic frequency tuning method for effectively tuning a broadcasting frequency of a channel selected by a viewer by moving a tuning control frequency in one direction in either a high or low band direction of a reference search frequency, in accordance with the magnitudes between the reference search frequency and an active broadcasting frequency.

Generally, a video receiving apparatus is an apparatus for receiving and displaying a video program transmitted from a broadcasting station through air, such as a television, or a video tape recorder (hereinafter, referred to as a "VTR"), etc.
Accordingly, a small-sized processor that has recently been developed and is commonly used in televisions or VTRs comprises amplitude of additional functions in order to increase the efficiencies of the processor in controlling the televisions and the VTRs as well as to accommodate the viewer's desire to have greater commands of the processor.
Accordingly, the video receiving apparatus has been converted so that the tuning of a broadcasting frequency for a broadcasting channel selected by a viewer is automatically carried out by the processor.
However, up to now, the automatic frequency tuning method used in the video receiving apparatus has a problem in requiring an extensive amount of time to execute the frequency tuning process, which will be described with reference to the attached drawings FIGS. 1 to 3.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a conventional automatic frequency tuning method, FIG. 2 is a state diagram of the frequency tuning according to the flow chart shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a VTR, which is a diagram of the circuit for carrying out the flow chart shown in FIG. 1.
For convenience, the circuit shown in FIG. 3 will be described. A microcomputer 300 controls and processes the system. A key input means 310 which may be a keyboard, or a remote controlled receiver, etc. receives a key input data representative of an order for the function selected by a viewer, information about channels, and any other needed control information, and then transfers the key input data to the microcomputer 300. After selecting an arbitrary radio frequency signal among a plurality of radio frequency (hereinafter, referred to as "RF") signals receiving through a RF converter 350 under the control of the microcomputer 300, a tuner 320 frequency-converts the selected radio frequency signal and supplies the frequency-converted intermediate frequency signal to a demodulator 330. Then the demodulator 330 demodulates the intermediate frequency signal supplied from the tuner 320, supplies the demodulated video and audio signals to a signal processor 340, and generates an automatic frequency tuning signal having different logic states according to the magnitudes of the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal and a reference demodulation frequency, and then supplies the automatic frequency tuning signal to the microcomputer 300. The signal processor 340 records video and audio signals entering from the demodulator 330 on a recording medium or reproduces the video and audio signals recorded on the recording medium to be supplied to the RF converter 350. The RF converter 350 modulates the video and audio signals entering from the signal processor 340 into radio frequency signals of the frequency band corresponding to television channels 3 or 4, to be output through a connector OPT, and also outputs the radio frequency signal, received through an antenna ANT, through the connector OPT according to a television/VTR mode selection switch, or supplies it to the tuner 320.
A flow chart shown in FIG. 1 is carried out by the microcomputer 300 to be described with reference to the circuit shown in FIG. 3 and the state diagram of the tuning frequency shown in FIG. 2 as follows.
When the key input data for a channel information selected by a viewer is received from the key input means 310, the microcomputer 300 initiates a frequency search mode to enable a flag X assigned in one of its registers as "0" to set to a high frequency search mode such as 20 shown in FIG. 2, and initiates a frequency increase number N stored in one of its registers as "0" (in step 100).
After the processing step 100, the microcomputer 300 reads out a reference search frequency f.sub.o for channel information corresponding to the key input data among reference search frequencies for respective channel information stored in its ROM, and then sets the read reference search frequency f.sub.o as a reference tuning control frequency f.sub.to, and then supplies the set reference tuning control frequency with a strobe signal of a low logic state to the tuner 320 according to a clock pulse train (in step 101).
After carrying out step 101, the microcomputer 300 checks whether the frequency increase number N stored in one of its registers is equal to a limited increase number 32 (in step 102).
When the frequency increase number N is not equal to the limited increase number 32 in step 102, the microcomputer 300 adds "1" to the frequency increase number N (in step 103).
After processing step 103, the microcomputer 300 stores a logic state of the automatic frequency tuning signal supplied from the demodulator 330 in its RAM (in step 104).
After carrying out step 104, the microcomputer 300 multiplies the frequency increase number N by a unit frequency of 0.0625 MHz, and then adds the product to the reference tuning control frequency f.sub.to to set a tuning control frequency f.sub.t, and then supplies the set tuning control frequency to the tuner 320 (in step 105).
After carrying out step 105, microcomputer 300 checks whether the logic state of the automatic frequency tuning signal entering from the demodulator 330 is equal to that of the automatic frequency tuning signal stored in its RAM, and if they are different from each other, a completion of the tuning process is determined and the automatic frequency tuning operation is completed. On the other hand, if they are equal, the microcomputer goes back to step 102 (in step 106).
And when the frequency increase number N is the limited increase number 32 in step 102, the microcomputer 300 checks whether the frequency search mode flag X assigned in one of its registers is set to "1", thereby determining whether the low frequency search mode has been set (in step 107).
When the frequency search mode flag X is reset to "0" in step 107, i.e., when it is a high frequency search mode such as 20 of FIG. 2, the microcomputer 300 sets the frequency search mode flag X to "1", so as to set a low frequency search mode such as 21 of FIG. 2, and sets the set reference tuning control frequency f.sub.to, which has been set in step 101, to be smaller than the reference search frequency by 2 MHz, and initiates the frequency increase number N as "0", and then goes back to step 105 (in step 108).
Inversely, when the frequency search mode flag X is set to "1" in step 107, i.e. when a low frequency search mode is set, the microcomputer 300 sets the reference search frequency f.sub.o as a tuning control frequency f.sub.t to be supplied to the tuner 320, and then completes the automatic frequency tuning operation (in step 109).
Thus, as indicated by the flow chart shown in FIG. 1, the search mode of a frequency band lower than the reference search frequency f.sub.o corresponding to a channel by approximately 2 MHz is set in steps 100 and 101, and a broadcasting frequency for the channel is searched in the frequency band within 2 MHz from the reference search frequency according to the set search mode in steps 102 to 106, and when the broadcasting frequency can not be found in the frequency band within .+-.2 MHz with reference to the reference search frequency, the reference search frequency is fixed and set as a tuning control frequency so as to complete the tuning operation in step 109.
As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the conventional automatic frequency tuning method sets low and high band search modes, and carries out a search process of 32 steps of increments or decrements from the reference search frequency f.sub.o to each limited frequency f.sub.o .+-.2 MHz by a constant frequency according to each set mode, without regarding the relation between the currently tuned radio frequency signal frequency and the active broadcasting frequency. Thus, in the worst case, the search process of 64 steps is carried out to tune the broadcasting frequency, requiring an extensive amount of time to execute the frequency tuning process.

High speed automatic frequency tuning method