An automatic flag unfurling apparatus for use on a flag pole contains a ribbed, lightweight, hollow tube containing strategically located notches in a longitudinal rib extruded integral with the parent plastic tube. Plastic cable ties, inserted into the flags eyelets, engage the notches and retain the flag in its preferable free-flying position. A lower friction reducing washer and retaining collar are firmly positioned on a stationary flag pole to prevent the tube/flag combination from sliding down the pole. The tube/flag combination is free to swivel due to wind forces acting on the tube/flag combination, and regardless of wind direction, freely swivels allowing the flag to remain in an unfurled state.

The present invention relates to apparatus for automatically unfurling flags that generally tend to wrap around the poles they are mounted on caused by local wind conditions.
Heretofore, flags mounted to poles are typically flown in a variety of orientations. Vertically mounted flag poles generally fly in front of buildings or factories. Flags are also mounted to vertical surfaces such as telephone poles, trees and houses and are flown from poles mounted to the vertical surface at an angle typically 45 degrees. Where the flags are mounted directly to the poles, local wind conditions may cause the flag to wrap around the pole (furl) inhibiting them from flying as intended. In many cases, the flag must be manually unfurled either by removing the flag from the pole or by removing the pole/flag combination from its mounting bracket, unfurling the flag and replacing it in its bracket. Manual unfurling is extremely bothersome and time consuming.
Various flag unfurlers are known in the art. An example as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,044,301 to Peters et al, utilizes an automatic flag unfurling apparatus comprising a squirrel-cage like assembly. U.S. Pat. No. 4,603,652 to Thibault et al, describes an unfurler comprising a sleeve and various other components to mount the flag to the sleeve and the sleeve/flag assembly to the pole, U.S. Pat. No. 4,727,822 to Wikkerink describes a capped sleeve arrangement placed on the top of the flag pole. U.S. Pat. No. 4,227,406 to Coffey describes an arrangement wherein a shoulder is fixed and fastened to a boat shroud. A tubular mandral which holds a flag sits upon a bearing surface which, in turn, sits on the shoulder. The tubular mandrel is slit along its length to accept and hold the flag in place or by adhesively attaching the flag around the mandrel. Other examples are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 744,977 to Nourse; 632,580 to Macartney; 1,646,467 to Walton; and 2,711,712 to Reed, Jr.
All of these devices suffer from the disadvantage in that they are complex and costly in nature, are difficult to install on a flag pole, and require tools for installation. The invention of the present application is designed to overcome these problems and others.


A method for activating a getter at low temperature for encapsulation in a device cavity containing a microdevice comprises etching a passivation layer off the getter material while the device wafer and lid wafer are enclosed in a bonding chamber. A plasma etching process may be used, wherein by applying a large negative voltage to the lid wafer, a plasma is formed in the low pressure environment within the bonding chamber. The plasma then etches the passivation layer from the getter material, which is directly thereafter sealed within the device cavity of the microdevice, all within the etching/bonding chamber.

This invention relates to encapsulated integrated circuit and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices. More particularly, this invention relates to the prevention, reduction, elimination or purification of outgassing and trapped gases in such devices.
The ability to maintain a low pressure or vacuum for a prolonged period in a microelectronic package is increasingly being sought in such diverse areas as display technologies, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and high density storage devices. For example, computers, displays, and personal digital assistants may all incorporate devices which utilize electrons to traverse a vacuum gap to excite a phosphor in the case of displays, or to modify a media to create bits in the case of storage devices, for example.
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are very small moveable structures made on a substrate using lithographic processing techniques, such as those used to manufacture semiconductor devices. MEMS devices may be moveable actuators, sensors, valves, pistons, or switches, for example, with characteristic dimensions of a few microns to hundreds of microns. One example of a MEMS device is a microfabricated cantilevered beam, which may be used to detect the presence of a particular material, for example, a biological pathogen, or which may be used in a high-Q gyroscope. By coating the MEMS cantilever with a suitable reagent, the pathogen may bind with the reagent resulting in mass added to the cantilevered beam. The additional mass may be detected by measuring a shift in the characteristic vibration frequency of the cantilevered beam. However, because air is viscous, the cantilevered beam may be required to operate in a vacuum, so that the viscosity of ambient air does not broaden the resonance peak. Accordingly, MEMS devices such as cantilevered beams may also require vacuum packaging, in order to increase the signal to noise level of the detector to an acceptable level. Many other microdevices may require encapsulation, such as infrared (IR) emitters or detectors, which may need to evacuate the environment around the device to prevent absorption of the infrared radiation.
The packaging of the MEMS device may be accomplished by bonding a lid wafer with a device wafer. The MEMS devices, such as the cantilevered beams or infrared devices, are first fabricated on the device wafer. The lid wafer may then be prepared by etching trenches or device cavities in the lid wafer which will provide clearance for the MEMS device on the device wafer, if additional clearance between device and lid is needed. Before bonding, the lid wafer is aligned with the device wafer, so that the device cavity in the lid wafer is registered above the device on the device wafer, providing clearance for the height of the MEMS device and for its anticipated range of motion.
The lid wafer and device wafer assembly may then be loaded into a wafer bonding chamber, which is then evacuated. The lid wafer is then permanently bonded to the device wafer with a hermetic bond, so that the evacuated environment within the device cavity does not equilibrate with the outside environment by leakage over time. The bond may be made by heating a bonding element, such as an adhesive which is applied between the lid wafer and the device wafer. A glass frit is a commonly used adhesive, which may form a hermetic seal when heated to about 450 degrees centigrade.
One of the major problems with vacuum packaging of electronic devices, including MEMS is the continuous outgassing of hydrogen, water vapor, carbon monoxide, and other components found in ambient air, and from the internal components of the electronic or MEMS device. Typically, to minimize the effects of outgassing, one uses gas absorbing materials commonly referred to as getter materials, disposed within the vacuum cavity surrounding the microdevice. In the case of a MEMS device that does not require a cavity for clearance between device and lid, the getter can be deposited on the flat lid wafer. Generally a getter material is a metal alloy, for example, an alloy of zirconium (Zr), vanadium (V), and iron (Fe) that is sputter deposited on the surface of the lid wafer.
After deposition on the substrate, most gettering materials may form a passivation layer over their exposed surfaces, such as an oxide layer over a metal material. This layer must be removed for the getter material to be operative in its environment. This step of removing the passivation layer is generally called activation of the getter. This activation is generally performed by heating the getter material in the bonding chamber, prior to, after or during bonding of the device wafer to the lid wafer. If this bonding takes place at, for example, 450 degrees centigrade, the bonding temperature may be sufficient to drive the passivation layer off, or into, the deeper portions of the getter material, exposing the getter material again to the environment of the device within the device cavity, and allowing it to getter the impurity gases. Therefore, in such a system using a glass frit adhesive; the getter may be activated when the device is encapsulated with the lid wafer, and the components are heated within the evacuated bonding chamber.
Accordingly, activation of the getter material may be compatible with high temperature adhesives such as glass frits, but may not be compatible with lower temperature adhesives such as metal, solder or metal alloy bonding materials. Furthermore, if activation must take place in the same environment as the bonding occurs, the components of the MEMS device must be able to withstand the activation temperatures. Many MEMS device employ metal layers, which cannot withstand temperatures in excess of a few hundred degrees centigrade, if that.
Therefore, a need exists for a methodology which activates the getters at lower temperatures. A method and apparatus is described herein that provides a low temperature activation for getter materials, which is compatible with low temperature adhesives and low temperature structures used in the MEMS devices. It may also be the case that the method below provides additional performance benefits of a getter in a micromechanical device in that the passivation (contaminated) layer is removed rather than driven in to the bulk of the material. This may provide a more aggressive getter or a getter with greater gettering capacity.

Etching/bonding chamber for encapsulated devices and method of use


According to one embodiment, processing data packets includes inserting marker packets into a data stream at time intervals. Each marker packet includes a respective first time stamp indicative of the time the marker packet is inserted. An estimate of the age of a data packet is calculated based on a current time system and the respective first time stamp of the last marker packet that was inserted into the data stream before the data packet.

Processing data packets at a node generally requires monitoring the age of the data packets. Monitoring of data packets is necessary to prevent aged data packets from occupying queue space and to prevent stale data from being received by unintended users. Known techniques for monitoring the age of data packets involve time stamping the data packets. Traditional time stamping, however, may result in aliasing or rollover because, due to the small number of bits used for time stamping, the stored time may be interpreted as representing a different time than the age of the packet. Increasing the number of bits used for data packet time stamping may alleviate rollover, but may increase the bandwidth needed.

Processing data packets using time stamped marker packets


A composition for cleaning bearings in rotating equipment and industrial machinery that contains powdered limestone having a high calcium content dispersed in a calcium sulfonate grease, together with a colorant that readily enables a user to differentiate between contaminated grease, cleaning composition and fresh grease. A method is also disclosed that enables a user to clean and re-lubricate bearings without the need for removing the bearings from service or for shutting down the associated equipment or machinery.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to greases used for lubricating bearings in rotating equipment and machinery in automotive, industrial, construction and maritime applications. More particularly, the invention relates to a composition and method for cleaning such bearings and for replacing the bearing lubricant without the need for removing the bearings from service during the cleaning process.
2. Description of Related Art
Recommended procedures for maintaining the bearings used in rotating equipment and industrial machinery typically include two phases: periodic greasing (adding supplemental grease to a bearing), which is done at short-term service intervals as part of the normal lubrication schedule; and grease removal and repacking, which is done at relatively longer service intervals. In the past, grease removal and repacking has most often been done by shutting down the equipment or machinery, removing bearings from their journals, stripping the grease and contaminants from the bearings by hand-brushing with hydrocarbon solvents, and then laboriously repacking fresh grease into the bearings and re-assembling the bearing system. Hydrocarbon solvents pose well-known risks to workers and to the work environment because of their volatility and flammability.
Calcium sulfonate greases are typically available in one of two different types. The simple or uncomplexed form of calcium sulfonate grease was first invented and used in industrial applications in the early 1970's. The complexed calcium sulfonate greases were developed in the early 1980's and brought to market in the middle of that decade. Due to the superior properties of the complexed greases over the simple calcium sulfonate grease, most companies currently involved in calcium sulfonate grease production make the complexed greases. The technology used in producing the greases is described in numerous U.S. and foreign patents including, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,560,489; 5,126,062; 5,308,514 and 5,338,467. Other prior art compositions, apparatus and methods for flushing and repacking bearings are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,160,214; 3,717,222; 4,113,059; 4,727,619; 5,080,198; and 5,992,569.
A composition and method for cleaning and repacking bearings are needed, however, that do not require the use of complexed calcium sulfonate greases or of potentially harmful solvents, and that can be easily and efficiently employed during operation of the equipment or machinery, thereby reducing maintenance costs and simultaneously avoiding loss of production during equipment downtime.

Bearing cleaning composition and method of use


A signature handling apparatus includes a rotatable gripper drum having at least one gripper for gripping the folded leading edges of signatures. A rotatable transfer drum assembly transfers signatures from the gripper drum to an opener drum. The transfer drum assembly includes a transfer gripper. First drive means rotates the gripper drum to move the folded signatures at a first surface speed in a first direction adjacent to the transfer drum. Second drive means moves the transfer gripper at a second surface speed in the first direction into engagement with the trailing edge of one respective signature on the gripper drum. The second surface speed is greater than the first surface speed. The second drive means rotates the transfer drum to move the transfer gripper and the one signature toward the opener drum. The opener drum has means for assisting in opening the one signature.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a folded signature handling apparatus.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A known apparatus for handling folded signatures includes a rotatable gripper drum which grips each signature by its folded edge. The gripper drum carries each signature to a position where it is released into a register stop. A transfer drum then grips the trailing edge of the signature and transfers the signature to an opener drum. The opener drum and the transfer drum cooperate to open the folded signature. If a signature is not moved completely into the register stop, or if a signature is moved too far into the register stop, the trailing edge of the signature is in an incorrect position for being picked up by the transfer drum.

Transfer drum assembly for signature handling


The invention is directed to detecting a boundary position between a foot and a lower leg of a person in an image acquired by an imaging unit, the boundary position being a substantial boundary part, in a lower limb, between the foot, which is a part from a malleolus to a tip part, and the lower leg; detecting a feature quantity that makes it possible to classify a ground and a part other than the ground in the image; setting, in a peripheral region around the boundary position, a plurality of local regions having positional information and/or direction information relative to the boundary position, and determining whether each of the local regions is the ground or the part other than the ground by using the feature quantity unique to the ground; determining a foot region from the local region determined as the part other than the ground; and estimating a direction of the foot of the person from the local region classified as the foot region and from the information.

It is necessary for an autonomous mobile apparatus to determine a moving direction of a person in order to move forward safely and effectively.
As a background art in the present technical field, there is JP 2007-229816 A (PTL 1). In PTL 1, a method for predicting a course of a pedestrian from a toe image is described. In the method, a pedestrian course model construction unit constructs a course model of a general pedestrian in advance by combining information of a toe image of a specific pedestrian and detected course information of the specific pedestrian, and a pedestrian course model storage unit stores information of the pedestrian course model.
Then, a pedestrian course prediction unit predicts a course of an unspecific pedestrian by collating information of a toe image of the unspecific pedestrian, which image is generated by a pedestrian toe image generation unit, and the information of a pedestrian course model stored in the pedestrian course model storage unit.
As a method to detect a course in construction of a pedestrian course model, it is described to detect a three-dimensional position of a pedestrian serially in certain time intervals and to detect the course of the pedestrian from a temporally change of the three-dimensional position.

Method for estimating direction of person standing still


A method includes the steps of: a) printing a first print job on a printing machine using a printing fluid, a substrate, a specified ICC profile, and a first machine setting; b) preparing the printing operation of a second print job involving a change of the printing fluid and/or of the substrate; and c) printing the second print job using a second combination of printing fluid and substrate. Step b) includes: b1) printing a test print having a plurality of test fields; b2) recording the test fields; b3) computationally determining and saving a quality value based on the test fields; b4) determining and saving an adjustment value for a machine setting; and b5) selectively changing a printing machine setting from the first machine setting to a second machine setting using the adjustment value or keeping the first printing machine setting, and the making a choice based on a quality value.

The invention relates to a method of printing at least two print jobs on one printing machine and has the features described in the preamble of the independent claim.
The technical field of the invention is the field of the graphic industry and in particular the field of adjusting or calibrating a printing machine in between print jobs, in particular a printing machine with printing formes or printing heads, when a change of machine settings is carried out, for instance when printing fluids and/or substrates are changed.
ICC profiles and their usage are known in the art. An ICC profile is a standardized set of data describing the color space of a color input or color output device such as a printing machine and may be used in color space transformation. An ICC profile may, for instance, be used in the context of a color management system of a printing machine to ensure that when an original is to be reproduced, the print job is implemented in such a way that the resultant printed product matches the original—at least within the quality specifications that apply to the particular print job.
German patent DE 10 223 479 B4 discloses a method of controlling colors in a printing machine on the basis of device-independent color values, namely a method of controlling colors in a printing machine by means of actuators wherein printing parameters provided by the print preparation department are transmitted to a computing device of the printing machine, setting parameters of the actuators are calculated on the basis of the printing parameters provided by the print preparation department, and the setting parameters are made available to a machine control unit for controlling the actuators. The method is characterized in that the transmitted printing parameters provided by the print preparation department comprise printing machine-dependent target tone values and in that using at least one ICC color profile associated with the printing machine, a target color value of printing colors is determined for every target tone value. A particular step in this process may in particular be assessing the quality of the print.
In the prior art, a printing machine is calibrated for instance in accordance with print quality specifications such as dot gain or gray balance when the printing fluid and/or the printing substrate is changed. In this process, printing machines are calibrated in such a way that the individual color halftones or the gray areas correspond to specified values. In this process, a task of the calibration is for instance to adapt individual measuring fields of a test print to a specified parameter such as dot gain. However, the result is not always satisfactory.

Method of printing at least two print jobs on one printing machine


A switching control module can optimize time division duplexing operations of a distributed antenna system (“DAS”). The switching control module can include a measurement receiver and a processor. The measurement receiver can measure signal powers of downlink signals in a downlink path of the DAS. The processor can determine start times for downlink sub-frames transmitted via the downlink path based on downlink signal powers measured by the measurement receiver exceeding a threshold signal power. The processor can identify a clock setting that controls a timing of switching signals used for switching the DAS between an uplink mode and a downlink mode. The processor can statistically determine a switching time adjustment for the clock setting based on switching time differentials between the clock setting and the start times. The processor can update the clock setting based on the switching time adjustment.

Telecommunications operators use telecommunication systems to provide signal coverage to coverage zones in which wireless devices are located. A distributed system ("DAS") may be used to extend the coverage of such telecommunication systems. Such distributed antenna systems include signal paths between base stations or other signal sources operated by telecommunication operators and remote antenna units positioned in one or more geographical coverage areas.
In some implementations, a DAS may be configured for time division duplexing ("TDD") operations in which downlink and uplink signals are respectively transmitted and received using at least some common frequencies or common portions of a signal path. A DAS configured for TDD operations may include one or more switches for isolating downlink signal paths from uplink signal paths.
In some cases, multiple telecommunication operators may use the same DAS for extending the coverage of their respective telecommunication systems. An entity responsible for configuring or otherwise operating the DAS may be independent of the telecommunication operators that use the DAS. The entity being independent of the telecommunication operators may present disadvantages. For example, it may be difficult or infeasible to configure the switching operations of the DAS in accordance with the TDD configuration used by the telecommunication operators.
Systems and methods for optimizing TDD switching operations for a DAS are desirable.

Switching sub-system for distributed antenna systems using time division duplexing


A programmable logic device verifies that configuration data permissibly programs the programmable logic device. The programmable logic device includes a programmable fabric having partitions to be programmed by the configuration data, a secure device manager that may generate masks based on the configuration data, and a local sector manager. The masks determine that the configuration data is configured to permissibly program the permitted partitions or that the permitted partitions have been permissibly programmed. The local sector manager applies the masks to generate an interleaved result, compares the interleaved result to an expected result, and sends an indication that the configuration data is configured to permissibly program the permitted partitions or permissibly programmed the permitted partitions in response to determining that the interleaved result is the expected result, or sends an alert to stop programming in response to determining that the interleaved result is not the expected result.

The present disclosure relates generally to configuring programmable devices, such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). More particularly, the present disclosure relates to on-device validation of configuration data used to program the programmable device.
This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the present disclosure, which are described and/or claimed below. This discussion is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the various aspects of the present disclosure. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of prior art.
Modern electronics such as computers, portable devices, network routers, data centers, Internet-connected appliances, and more, tend to include at least one integrated circuit device. Integrated circuit devices take a variety of forms, including processors, memory devices, and programmable devices, to name only a few examples. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) is one type of programmable device utilizing integrated circuits. Programmable devices may include logic that may be programmed (e.g., configured, partially configured) and reprogrammed (e.g., reconfigured, partially reconfigured) after manufacturing to provide a wide variety of functionality based on various designs (e.g., circuit designs) possible within the programmable devices. Thus, programmable devices may include a programmable fabric composed of programmable logic (e.g., programmable logic sectors, configurable logic blocks (CLBs)) that may be programmed and reprogrammed to perform a variety of functions on the devices, according to the design. The programmable devices, or a partition of the programmable device, may be programmed in numerous different configurations by loading the design onto the programmable devices, for example, via a configuration bitstream. However, configuration data stored within the programmable device during (re)configuration or partial (re)configuration of the programmable fabric may program the device in a manner unintended (e.g., not permitted to program) by the design.


In one embodiment, a system comprises a portable computing device comprises a housing, at least one temperature sensitive radio frequency signal source proximate the housing and at least one radio frequency interface to receive a radio signal generated by the at least one temperature sensitive radio frequency signal source.

The subject matter described herein relates generally to the field of electronic communication and more particularly to a temperature measurement in electronic devices.
Electronic devices may benefit from accurate temperature sampling. Accurate temperature detection may permit designers of integrated circuit devices to develop control techniques that balance operating speeds with heat dissipation capabilities of the electronic device in order to satisfy ergonomic and device thermal limits.

Temperature measurement in electronic devices


The invention is directed to a system for determining gear ratio change in an automatic transmission in a vehicle having an accelerator pedal actuated by a driver of the vehicle. The system includes a first sensor for detecting the position (DK) of the accelerator pedal as a first variable and a second sensor for detecting the straight-line speed (V.sub.x) of the vehicle as a second variable. An adaptation variable (BZ) is determined in dependence upon at least one of the following: the instantaneous driving behavior of the driver, the environmental conditions to which the vehicle is subjected and the driving situation in which the vehicle is. A gear ratio change function includes a characteristic field for receiving the first and second variables (DK, V.sub.x) as first and second input variables (DK, V.sub.x), respectively. At least one of the first and second input variables (DK, V.sub.x) is changed in dependence upon the adaptation variable (BZ). The characteristic field is used to determine the gear ratio change in dependence upon said adaptation variable (BZ).

For conventional transmission controls, the gear ratio changes are determined by means of a shifting characteristic line from the actual vehicle straight-line speed and the actual accelerator pedal position or throttle flap position. This determination of the shifting characteristic line of an automatic transmission control is purposeful in the normal case but can lead to unwanted shifting in special driving and environmental situations. Such special situations can, for example, be caused by the different types of drivers and/or by different driving or environmental situations to which the vehicle is subjected. As soon as additional criteria for detecting such cases are applied, in addition to the throttle flap position and vehicle straight-line speed, further degrees of freedom result for optimizing the gear ratio of the automatic transmission in the form of adaptive control.
Such systems for adaptive transmission control are, for example, disclosed in the following: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,025,684 and 5,157,609; an article of A. Welter et al entitled "Die Adaptive Getriebesteuerung fur die Automatikgetriebe der BMW Fahrzeuge mit Zwolfzylindermotor" published in ATZ, no. 94 (1992) 9, starting at page 428; and, the article of A. Welter et al entitled "Die Adaptive Getriebesteuerung fur BMW-Automobile" published in ATZ, no. 95 (1993) 9, starting at page 420. These articles describe the selection of different shifting characteristic lines in dependance upon recognized types of driver and/or in dependance upon various driving and environmental situations. In addition to the accelerator pedal or throttle flap position, the following are especially also detected: the vehicle straight-line speed (that is, the speed of the vehicle in the forward direction of movement of the vehicle), the vehicle transverse acceleration, the vehicle straight-line acceleration, the vehicle straight-line deceleration and the engine rpm. These quantities are assembled via a number of characteristic fields and/or logic functions to form a characteristic variable. In this way, the driving activity or the driving and environmental situations are determined, if required, by means of filtering. These then function to select a shifting program from a plurality of shifting programs which lie between a shifting program optimized for consumption and a shifting program optimized for power.
With such controls, the switching characteristic of an electrically hydraulically controlled automatic shifting transmission can be continuously adapted to the driving style of the driver or to a traffic situation which is just then present. The complexity for a plurality of characteristic fields or logic functions (for example, for obtaining the driving activity and/or driving situation) and a plurality of shifting programs is very great. It is known to utilize simple evaluation methods or fuzzy logic to reduce the complexity for determining a driving-activity related variable. In such systems, the problem which results from the plurality of different shifting programs remains.

System for determining a gear ratio change in an automatic transmission


Arrays of blocking optical switches formed from optically amplifying waveguides are used to transmit or block one or more input beams to one or more selected optical channels. Passive optical waveguides couple the optical input to the amplifying waveguides. Optical splitters monolithically formed with passive optical waveguides are used to route the optical signal from a single fiber to the array of amplifying waveguides.

This invention relates to a monolithic semiconductor structure diode optical switching array, and, more particularly, to a multiple element semiconductor structure diode optical switching array with passive waveguides with wide bandgaps and weak optical confinement for improved coupling to amplification waveguides.
Multiple electrode optical switches are of interest for routing signals in optical communication systems, for line-printing elements in advanced xerographic printers, and potentially as modulators for high-speed coding of information.
Optical switching arrays route light beams on different paths, usually without adding any information to the beams. Optical modulating arrays add information to the light beams but do not change the routing of those beams.
It is an object of this invention to provide an optical modulating element with optical gain.
It is another object of this invention to use arrays of optically amplifying waveguides as blocking optical switches for routing one or more input beams to one or more selected optical channels.
It is yet another object of this invention to use arrays of optically amplifying modulators as pixel elements in a multi-electrode printbar.
It is a further object of this invention to integrate optically amplifying modulator arrays with beam splitting elements within a monolithic semiconductor structure to route one or more input optical beams to one or more selected optical channels.

Semiconductor diode optical switching arrays utilizing low-loss, passive waveguides


The invention discloses a chimeric GLUT transporter including a GLUT receptor polypeptide fused to a domain of a detectable heterologous polypeptide and cells expressing such reporter constructs. Cells expressing a detectably-tagged chimeric GLUT transporter are used in methods of screening candidate compounds for their ability to agonize or antagonize an interaction between a ligand and a receptor, e.g., insulin. In addition, a 30 amino acid intracellular retention sequence is disclosed.

This invention relates to receptor-activated. reporter systems.
Many disease processes adversely affect the normal operation of membrane receptor systems that deliver signals for regulating cellular functions. Effective therapy for such diseases includes drugs that directly interact with the receptor systems in a way that counters the affect of a particular disease process. Even diseases that do not directly affect a receptor signaling mechanism can be fully or partially alleviated by exogenously manipulating signaling by appropriate receptors through drug therapy. Based on these principles, notable successes have been achieved in designing effective drugs to alleviate illnesses, including anti-depressants and anti-ulcer drugs.
Many diseases for which no effective therapy exists can also be approached by developing drugs that would interact directly with appropriate receptor systems. These include but are not limited to the insulin receptor signaling systems in muscle, which are defective in Type II diabetes mellitus, the PDGF and IGF-I receptor signaling systems which appear to stimulate abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells in coronary artery disease, and lymphokine receptors which mediate inappropriate autoimmune reactions. Development of appropriate drugs that directly effect these and other receptor proteins need to be generated. Efficient development of such drugs require screening of compounds with biological assays that selectively and, perhaps more importantly, efficiently monitor specific receptor activities in response to drug action. In such assays, it is necessary to have a highly sensitive, convenient readout of receptor activity. This disclosure describes discoveries capable of providing such a readout for the activity of the insulin receptor as well as many other receptor systems.

University of Massachusetts Medical Center


A power generation system includes: a prime mover; an electrical machine coupled to the prime mover and configured for converting mechanical power to electrical power, the electrical machine having a power factor of less than or equal to 0.7; a reactive power supply assembly coupled to the electrical machine and configured to supply reactive power to the electrical machine; and a power electronic converter coupled to the reactive power supply assembly and configured for transferring power from the electrical machine to a grid.

The present disclosure relates generally to electric power generation and more particularly to electric power generation systems including magnetically geared machines.
Electrical machines such as motors and generators typically deliver more power at high speeds than at low speeds. In order to adapt a high-speed, rotating electrical machine to a high-torque, lower speed mechanical component (such as a prime mover in the case of a generator or a load in the case of a motor), mechanical gear boxes are typically selected because the cost of having a high-speed electrical machine coupled with mechanical gearing for speed/torque conversion is lower than the cost of a low-speed electrical machine. Mechanical gearing has some inherent disadvantages with respect to acoustic noise, vibration, reliability, and maintenance, for example.
Magnetic gears do not require physical contact between an input shaft and an output shaft but have traditionally received relatively little attention in the industry due to design complexities and limitations on torque density. For example, a magnetic gear assembly arranged in a spur configuration results in only a small fraction of the permanent magnets located on the gears actually contributing to torque conversion at any given time.
In commonly assigned U.S. 20070186692, a machine includes a moveable rotor having a first magnetic field associated therewith, a stator configured with a plurality of stationary stator windings therein, and a magnetic flux modulator interposed between the moveable rotor and the stator windings. The magnetic flux modulator is configured to transmit torque between the first magnetic field associated with the moveable rotor and a second magnetic field excited by the plurality of stationary stator windings. Such magnetically geared generators are capable of generating electric power from a prime mover under conditions of low speed and high torque and doing so without the need of a gearbox or speed adapter. However, due to flux leakage and magnetic coupling challenges, magnetically geared generators have higher reactance and lower induced emf than most conventional generators as well as an intrinsically low power factor (for example, below 0.7 or even more typically in the range of 0.2 to 0.5).
It would be desirable to have a technical and cost effective method of obtaining the benefits of magnetically geared generators while overcoming the aforementioned power factor drawback.

Electric power generation with magnetically geared machine


Flame resistant polyester resin composition comprising a polyester matrix resin containing a polyalkylene oxide, a brominated flame retardant, and a brominated dialkyl phthalate which exhibits low melt viscosity, excellent flow, improved welding strength and resistance to thermal shock.

The present invention relates to a flame resistant polyester resin composition which is suitably used as a potting agent for transformers and the like, and more specifically, to a flame resistant polyester resin composition that has low melt viscosity, excellent flow, improved welding strength, along with excellent impact strength, elongation, water resistance, and resistance to thermal shock.
It is an objective of this invention to provide a flame resistant polyester resin composition which is used in potting agents for electrical and electronic parts, particularly as a potting agent for transformers, which has low melt viscosity, excellent flow, improved welding strength, as well as excellent impact resistance, elongation, water resistance, and resistance to thermal [heat] shock.


A fireproof rack for protecting an object is provided. The fireproof rack includes a major frame, a moveable frame, a fireproof chamber and a fireproof liquid. The moveable frame is slidably connected to the major frame, and the moveable frame slides between a first position and a second position relative to the major frame, and the object is disposed in the moveable frame, and the moveable frame and the object are in the first position under an operation mode. Under a fireproof mode, the moveable frame and the object slide to the second position, and are received in the fireproof chamber. The fireproof liquid is located in the fireproof chamber. When the moveable frame and the object are in the second position, the object is soaked in the fireproof liquid.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a fireproof rack, and in particular, a fireproof rack utilizing fireproof liquid for fire resistance.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventional fireproof racks, such as U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,169, have a specially designed rack body, which is filled with solid firestop material to protect computer servers thereon. However, the specially designed rack body is expensive, and has failed to gain popularity.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,833 discloses a fireproof rack providing a storage space surrounded by multiple thermal insulation walls. However, the thermal insulation wall is also expensive. Additionally, when the thermal insulation wall is broken, fireproofing ability decreases.
Therefore, a fireproof rack having a simple design, low cost, and sufficient fireproofing function is required by users of computer servers.

Fireproof rack and fireproof method thereof


This invention provides methods, compositions and articles of manufacture for inhibiting the onset of and treating inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. The instant invention is based on the blockade of RAGE G82S function.

The Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts ("RAGE"), a multi-ligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules, has been implicated in amplification of proinflammatory responses (1). S100/calgranulins, proinflammatory signal transduction ligands of the receptor, are enriched in joints of subjects with rheumatoid arthritis ("RA") (2-4). Members of this family of molecules, long-associated with classic immune/inflammatory disorders (5-6), may be released by activated inflammatory effector cells such as monocytes (7), thereby freeing them to engage cell surface RAGE and amplify host inflammatory responses. Indeed, accumulation of S100/calgranulins in synovial fluid and plasma of subjects with RA has been correlated with indices of disease severity, such as bony erosions (4).
Recent studies have highlighted the possibility that polymorphisms within key domains of RAGE may influence its function, so that under conditions of increased ligand accumulation, individuals may be predisposed to heightened inflammatory responses (8-9). Importantly, a polymorphism of the RAGE gene has been identified within the V-type immunoglobulin domain in the extracellular region of the receptor, consisting of a glycine to serine change at position 82 (8). In previous studies, it was found that the ligands of RAGE, including S100/calgranulins, engage the V-domain of the receptor and activate signal transduction pathways, thereby modulating gene expression (1,10-14).

RAGE G82S-related methods and compositions for treating inflammatory disorders

The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York


Systems and methods for determining that a maximum number of IP sessions have been established are provided. There are instances when the mobile device transmits a request to the wireless network. According to an aspect, in the event that the maximum number of IP sessions is already established for the mobile device, the wireless network transmits a response indicating that the request cannot be fulfilled. The mobile device determines based on the response that the maximum number of IP sessions is already established, which allows the mobile device to determine the maximum number of IP sessions that can be supported so that IP sessions can be managed accordingly.

Communications between a mobile device and a corresponding node are processed in a UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) network through GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) serving nodes. The GPRS serving nodes include an SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) and a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node). Such communication exchange between the mobile device and the corresponding node involve communication exchange between the mobile device and the SGSN. Communication exchanges such as user plane communication (i.e. IP data traffic) between the mobile device and the SGSN node use one or more PDP contexts. There may be many PDP contexts depending on how many different applications of the mobile device are communicating over PDP contexts. However, the number of PDP contexts for the mobile device may be limited by the number of PDP contexts supported in the routing area in which the mobile device resides.
Different routing areas may support different numbers of PDP contexts. However, the mobile device is unaware of how many PDP contexts a given routing area supports for the mobile device. This can lead to undesirable situations. For instance, the mobile device might request a new PDP context to be established while unaware that a maximum number of IP sessions is already established. Therefore, the mobile device will be unsuccessful in establishing the new PDP context. Furthermore, in some instances, the mobile device is unaware of why establishing the new PDP context is unsuccessful. If the mobile device is unaware of the maximum number of IP sessions supported for the mobile device, then the mobile device cannot properly manage PDP contexts. If more services using a PDP context are requested by the user than are supported by network then there may be some sort of multiplexing of which some services are delayed, etc.
A possible approach is for the mobile device to always assume that only one PDP context is supported. However, this approach does not take advantage of when additional PDP contexts are supported. This may result in unhappy users on networks that supported more than one PDP context.

System and method for determining that a maximum number of IP sessions have been established


A flat, surface mounted, flexible, multi-purpose wire has a plurality of flat elongated conductors spaced apart in a generally parallel relationship. Each of the flat conductors includes a plurality of copper layers. An adhesive material separates the flat conductors and an insulation layer surrounds the flat conductors and the adhesive material, with the adhesive material bonding to the insulation layer. A cross-sectional height of the flat conductors and insulation layer is such that the multi-purpose wire will blend in with the surface when painted or after wallpaper is applied.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to flat wiring, and more particularly, to a thin, bendable, surface-mounted flat wire for use in a variety of wiring applications.
2. Description of the Related Art
Current wiring and re-wiring techniques and procedures present many limitations to the user in existing commercial or residential applications. The choices for adding, changing or moving any of the many wiring applications--electrical, telephone, antenna/CATV, loud speaker, and low voltage wiring, as well as the associated plugs, switches, and connections--is expensive or obtrusive or both.
Temporary or removable methods such as extension cords, long telephone and antenna/CATV cords, external loud speaker wire, and low voltage wire, are cumbersome and hard to hide or blend into a room.
Permanent installations typically require either a professional to install in a wall if the user desires a hidden installation or the use of some type of unattractive and inflexible conduit. Both methods tend to be expensive.
In light of the foregoing, there exists a need for a permanent, non-obtrusive, low-cost, easy to self-install, location specific, hidden system for wiring and re-wiring applications on walls and ceilings. There also exists a need for associated plugs, switches, and connections that could provide an interface between such a new wiring system and conventional wiring.

Flat wire connectors for flat surface-mounted multi-purpose wire


A liquid crystal display capable of improving a color reproduction range is disclosed. The liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal panel having a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines which cross each other to define a plurality of unit pixel regions; a first pixel region having a first dot pitch among individual pixel regions in at least one of the unit pixel regions; and a second pixel region having a second dot pitch among the individual pixel regions in the unit pixel regions, wherein the first and second dot pitches of the first and second pixel regions are different from each other. By this configuration, the pixel electrodes are formed to have the same opening ratio in the individual pixel regions forming a unit pixel by changing the shape and size of the pixel electrodes in a region having a sensor and a region without a sensor, thereby improving a color reproduction range and improving the display quality of the liquid crystal display.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display capable of improving a color reproduction range.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
Generally, flat plate displays include a liquid crystal display, a field emission display, a plasma display panel, a light emitting device and the like.
The liquid crystal display displays an image by adjusting a light transmittance of liquid crystal using an electric field. For this, an image display device includes a display panel having liquid crystal cells, a back light unit which illuminates light on the display panel and a driving circuit for driving the liquid crystal cells.
The display panel is formed to define a plurality of unit pixel regions by crossing a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines. In each pixel region, there are provided a thin film transistor array substrate and a color filter array substrate facing each other, spacers positioned between two substrates to maintain a specific cell gap, and liquid crystal filled in the cell gap.
The thin film transistor array substrate includes gate lines and data lines, thin film transistors formed as switch devices at crossing portions of the gate lines and the data lines, pixel electrodes connected to the thin film transistors in respective liquid crystal cells, and an orientation film coated thereon. The gate lines and data lines are supplied with signals from driving circuits through respective pads.
The thin film transistors supply pixel voltage signals, which are supplied to the data lines, to the pixel electrodes in response to scan signals supplied to the gate lines.
The color filter array substrate includes color filters formed in the respective liquid crystal cells, black matrices for distinguishing the color filters from each other and reflecting outside light, common electrodes which commonly supply reference voltages to the liquid crystal cells, and an orientation film coated thereon.
After the separately manufactured thin film transistor array substrate and color filter array substrate are arranged, the substrates are bonded to face each other. Then, the liquid crystal is injected therein and sealed, thereby accomplishing the liquid crystal display.
A method for reproducing colors in the liquid crystal display device employs a pixel structure in which a color filter region corresponding to the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) of three primary colors of light is defined as one dot, transmittance of white light is adjusted while passing through a liquid crystal layer, and light passes through individual red (R), green (G) and blue (B) pixels, thereby representing various colors. The individual red (R), green (G) and blue (B) pixels can represent various colors by combination of RGB.
FIG. 1 illustrates RGB individual pixels in a unit pixel having a sensor among 4×4 pixels in a conventional liquid crystal display.
As shown in FIG. 1, in a case of a 7″ WVGA liquid crystal display, a unit pixel has a dot pitch of 190.5 μm, and the individual red (R), green (G) and blue (B) pixels forming the unit pixel have a dot pitch of 63.5 μm. In this case, as for the size of pixel electrodes in the individual red (R), green (G) and blue (B) pixels, the pixel electrode in a pixel without a sensor has an area A, whereas the pixel electrode in a pixel having a sensor has an area B. Accordingly, it causes a difference in an opening ratio of the individual pixels.
As a result of measuring a color reproduction range in unit pixel regions having a difference in an opening ratio, a unit pixel without a sensor represents normal brightness (color), i.e., R (255 grey)+G (255 grey)+B (255 grey)=W (255 grey), whereas a unit pixel having a sensor cannot represent a desired color, i.e., R (255 grey)+G (255 grey)+B (250 grey)=Yellowish White (less than 255 grey).
Accordingly, in the individual pixels having the same dot pitch, since color mixture is not properly made due to a difference in an opening ratio of the unit pixel without a sensor and the unit pixel having a sensor, it is difficult to accurately represent colors. Thus, there is a problem of deteriorating image quality in the liquid crystal display.
Further, in a case where one or more individual pixels include a sensor in the liquid crystal display having a sensor, the reduction of image quality becomes severer.


A miniature x-ray tube is cooled using a catheter preferably having multiple small lumens for inflow and outflow of coolant. Inflow may be through an outer lumen(s) in a concentric-extrusion catheter, the liquid turning back at the distal end of the catheter to a proximal flow over the anode end of the x-ray tube and through an inner lumen within which the x-ray tube is positioned. A coolant distribution head may engage with the anode end of the x-ray tube, with small orifices so as to distribute coolant essentially evenly over the anode surface. Temperature and flow rate of the inflowing coolant liquid are balanced so as to optimize heat transfer while efficiently carrying coolant through small lumens without the need for high pressures. Some embodiments use the inflation liquid in an applicator balloon as the coolant, with the liquid actively flowing or, in a simplified system, with the liquid static.

The invention concerns miniature x-ray tubes for therapeutic treatment of specific areas within the human body, such as a blood vessel, duct or other small lumen, and in particular the invention concerns cooling of such a miniature x-ray tube in an efficient manner without requiring an unduly large catheter to carry the coolant.
Miniature or small x-ray tubes for human therapeutic treatment are discussed in several prior patents, including U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,854,822, 5,621,780 and 6,319,188. Such small x-ray tubes have been intended for treatment of tumors within surgical openings in the body, for treatment within blood vessels using a catheter containing the tube, and for other radiation treatments within the body. Cooling of miniature x-ray tubes, particularly when used within lumens of the body, is an important issue. One prior approach has been an open loop cooling system, wherein a liquid coolant (saline solution) is dumped into the blood flow after flowing over the anode end of an x-ray tube. With such an open system heated saline solution can damage blood cells if heated beyond 43° C. Moreover, excessive flow of saline into the blood can be deleterious. Still further, an open loop system requires extra protective measures to assure sterility of the coolant liquid.
In other x-ray tube cooling arrangements, the blood itself has been used as a coolant. This is particularly risky because when the blood directly contacts the hot anode (or a structure directly in contact with the anode), the blood is almost certain to be overheated and to experience cell damage and cause thrombus to form.
There is a need for a miniature x-ray tube cooling system, particularly a closed loop cooling system, which effectively, reliably and efficiently cools a miniature x-ray tube without requiring an objectionable expansion of the size of the catheter carrying the tube.


A fixing device includes a fixing belt and a heating section. The heating section faces an inner circumferential surface of the fixing belt. The heating section includes a heater, a heater holding member, a reinforcing member, and at least one rotor. The heater heats the fixing belt. The heater holding member holds the heater. The reinforcing member reinforces the heater holding member. The at least one rotor faces the inner circumferential surface of the fixing belt. The at least one rotor is attached to the reinforcing member.

The present disclosure relates to a fixing device and an image forming apparatus.
An electrographic image forming apparatus includes a fixing device that fixes a toner image to paper. A fixing device includes a film, a heater, a guide member, a frame stay, a flange, and a pressure roller.
The film is flexible and has an endless shape. The heater is a heating conductor. The guide member holds the heater and guides rotation of the film. The frame stay holds the guide member. The flange receives ends of the film in a longitudinal direction thereof and prevents deflection of the film. The pressure roller drives to rotate the film while, together with the film, forming a nip part.

Fixing device including rotor facing inner circumferential surface of fixing belt and image forming apparatus


A device that includes a parsing engine and an execution engine. The parsing engine is configured to identify micro operations corresponding with operations that are common among at least two jobs from a set of jobs and to store the identified micro operations in memory. The execution engine is configured to receive a job from the set of jobs, to identity micro operations and dependencies within the job, and to execute the identified micro operations for the job in accordance with the identified dependencies.

Big data is a technology that organizations use to process and manage their data. Big data technology allows millions of records to be processed to generate reports and statistics for an organization. In existing systems, thousands of queries or jobs may be scheduled every day. These jobs produce reports and metrics by performing various operations (e.g. joining, sorting, or hashing) on data tables. Due to the volume of jobs that are processed, these systems execute a high volume of operations which consumes a significant amount of the system's resources such as processing power and memory. This poses a technical challenge because computer systems are resource limited and are often unable to provide enough resources to handle the volume of jobs that are processed in big data technology. In some instances, systems may resort to prioritizing jobs and executing them in order due to a lack of available resources. However, this process adds complexity and introduces latency to the system which reduces the system's throughput.

Parallel processing architecture for databases


A storage system capable of identifying all volumes to be audited is provided.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a log management technique for a storage system in which storage apparatuses and computers are connected to each other via a network. More particularly, this invention relates to a technique for auditing operation logs concerning operations of storage apparatuses.
2. Description of Related Art
In recent years, the amount of data handled by computers has been increasing because of computer performance upgrades and the advancement of Internet connection speeds. Also, because of statutory regulations and in order to deal with lawsuits, there is a growing need for file auditing using storage operation logs. Therefore, techniques to store the storage volume setting change history as an audit log and transmit the stored audit log to a log management server (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) Publication No. 2007-114834), and techniques to generate, based on configuration information, fault logs for connected volumes, gather the generated fault logs and transmit them to a management server (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) Publication No. 2007-172003) are suggested.
In conventional techniques, audit logs and/or fault logs are generated. However, these logs are not generated by associating audit target data with events or time and, therefore, it is impossible to know what kind of events took place in which volumes in the past and so find target volumes that require auditing. Furthermore, since logs (volumes and time) requiring auditing cannot be identified, unnecessary logs will be generated and the auditing workload will increase.

Storage system operable to perform LU auditing

Abstract: Operation logs 3005 concerning the operations of volumes are associated with a time and stored in storage apparatuses 1400 and 1500, and a management computer 1100 collects information about these operation logs 3005, restores the status history of the operation logs 3005, sets, as an audit range, the operation logs 3005 including volumes with an audit period and audit target data stored therein, extracts the operation logs 3005 belonging to the audit range from the restored status history of the operation logs 3005, and transmits the extracted operation logs 3005 to a computer (requesting computer) 1000. As a result, all the audit target volumes can be identified.


Rendering a meta-page through a meta-engine, the meta-engine including a tag handler, the meta-page including static content, JSP dynamic content and one or more types of non-JSP dynamic content, and identifications of shared variables. Embodiments include writing to output the static content of the meta-page, rendering the JSP dynamic content to the output of the meta-engine, and inserting into the non-JSP dynamic content additional non-JSP dynamic content identifying current values of shared variables. Embodiments include rendering the non-JSP dynamic content through dynamic server page engines, including passing current values of shared variables to the dynamic server page engines, reading from the non-JSP additional dynamic content as rendered the current values of shared variables, deleting from the non-JSP dynamic content as rendered the additional non-JSP dynamic content as rendered, and writing the non-JSP dynamic content as rendered, at its location among the static content, to the output of the meta-engine.

1. Field of the Invention
The field of the invention is data processing, or, more specifically, methods, systems, and products for operation of dynamic server page engines.
2. Description of Related Art
Dynamic server pages comprise dynamic content. Dynamic content is, for example, in the case of the World Wide Web, web page content that includes the usual static content such as display text and markup tags, and, in addition, executable program content. Executable program content includes, for example, Java, VBScript, CGI gateway scripting, PHP script, and Perl code. The kind of executable program content found in any particular dynamic server page depends on the kind of dynamic server page engine that is intended to render the executable program content. For example, Java is typically used in Java Server Pages ("JSPs") for Java Server Page engines (sometime referred to in this disclosure as "JSP engines"); VBScript is used in Active Server Pages ("ASPs") for Microsoft Active Server Page engines (sometime referred to in this disclosure as "ASP engines"); and PHP script, a language based on C, C++, Perl, and Java, is used in PHP pages for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor engines.
JSPs compile into servlets, and servlets are expressed in Java. 'Servlets' are Java programs that run on a server, as opposed to a browser, where Java programs running in browsers are referred to as 'applets.' Detailed information about servlets can be found on Sun Microsystems' website. In fact, many JSP engines are themselves implemented as Java servlets. Detailed information about JSPs can be found on Sun Microsystems' website. 'Java,' 'Java Server Pages,' and 'JSP' are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
There are several kinds of dynamic server page engines, each of which typically is capable of rendering only one kind of dynamic server page, in each case, of course, it is the particular kind of dynamic server page for which the engine was developed in the first place. JSP engines render JSPs. ASP engines render ASPs. PHP engines render PHP pages. And so on. In some cases, however, the fact that engines only render a single kind of dynamic server page is a problem.
Consider, for example, the case of Java Server Page engines. With the arrival of Java and its related benefits, many companies that formerly ran, as dynamic server pages, Microsoft Active Server Pages ("ASPs") using VBScript are making a useful but difficult transition to Java Server Pages ("JSPs") using the Java language. This transition is often accomplished by programmers experienced in VBScript or Visual Basic but less experienced in Java. In current art, a transition to a Java platform requires use of separate server page engines which cannot run ASPs and JSPs simultaneously. A web server in current technology has difficulty distinguishing ASPs and JSPs by inspecting file content because the markup tags in both types of dynamic server page are very similar, one reason no doubt why web servers generally are not programmed to distinguish dynamic server pages on the basis of content inspections.
In fact, in many cases the markup tags for the two types of dynamic content, JSP and ASP, are identical, although their program content is quite different. ASP engines will not execute or render correctly JSPs. It is cumbersome to make a large migration to JSPs and Java servlets from a totally ASP-based architecture. Alternatively, companies may use separate test servers or separate ports and careful alternate routing to try to assure that that no JSP program content exists on the same pages with ASP programming. For all these reasons, it would be advantageous to have a way to mix JSP and ASP dynamic content in the same dynamic server page, a new kind of dynamic server page, a 'meta-page,' as it were. To do so, it would be useful to have a new kind of dynamic server page engine, an engine that could accept and somehow render, to a static output, inputs of any kind of dynamic content. Such an engine could be referred to as a 'meta-engine.'

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Dynamic server page meta-engines with data sharing for dynamic content and non-JSP segments rendered through other engines

International Business Machines Corporation


In a method for binding rope- or cable-type cords with press-fit elements (13), the press-fit element (13) is placed over the cord, and the cord and press-fit element (13) are compressed radially and plastically via a pressing device (1, 11, 31, 41, 51) that is equipped with pressure clamps (3, 4), such that a reduction in the material cross-section results. In accordance with the invention, the longitudinal extension of the cord and/or the press-fit element (13) is gauged during the pressing process, and compression is halted when a predetermined end value (db) for the longitudinal extension has been reached.

The invention involves a method for binding rope or cable-type cords with press-fit elements, in which the press-fit element is placed over the cord and the cord and the press-fit element are pressed together, radially and plastically, via a pressing device that is equipped with a pressure clamp, so that a reduction in the cross-section of the material results. The invention further relates to a pressing device used to implement this method, comprising pressure clamps that can be moved into a given pressing plane, and an adjustment drive mechanism, which can be shut off when the end position has been reached. The term pressing plane refers to a plane in which the pressure clamps can be moved toward and away from each other, and which, during the pressing process, extends crosswise to the longitudinal axis of the cord being pressed.
The technique of binding cords and electrical cables to one another or to wiring points by placing press-fit elements designed as connectors over the ends of the ropes or cables and then pressing them together radially using a pressing device (comp. DE-A-19 35 996; EP 0 604 828 A1) is known in the art. In this process, the combination of cord and press-fit element becomes plastically deformed, resulting in a reduction of its material cross-section. The term material cross-section in this case refers to that cross-sectional area or the sum of cross-sectional areas that are taken up exclusively by the material of the combination itself. If the cord is comprised not of a single continuous material but of strands or leads that are circular in cross-section, then the cross-sectional area will usually be smaller than the overall cross-sectional area taken up by the cord based upon its original outside measurements, because air spaces exist between the strands and the leads, as well as between these elements and the sleeve section of the connecting piece, adding to the material cross-section and with this cross-section forming the original overall cross-sectional surface area.
For the binding of electrical cables with other cables, or for connecting cables to electrical devices, press-fit elements such as cable brackets, cable connectors, and cable sockets are used; these are placed over the end of the electrical cable to create the connection. Using a so-called cable bracket press, the cable and the cable bracket or cable connector or cable socket are then pressed together radially. Such cable bracket presses are found, for example, in DE-C-32 35 040 and EP-A-0 604 828.
For the quality of the connection, it is important for the degree of deformation or the compression depth not to be too low, but not too high. This is particularly true when connecting cables with cable brackets or similar connectors. If the degree of deformation is too low--in other words, when there is insufficient compression--then the tensile strength of the connection and the electrical contact between the cord and the press-fit element will be insufficient. If the degree of deformation is too high--in other words--there is too much compression, then the tensile strength of the cord will suffer due to the reduction of the cord's cross-section. In addition, this will result in current densities that are too high.
In simple pressing devices, the pressure clamps are guided on blocks to meet the opposing clamp. In order for the proper degree of deformation to be achieved for every type of cable and cable bracket, it is necessary to maintain a very large number of different pressure clamps. This is ponderous and often results in mistakes in the selection of pressure clamps, resulting in insufficient quality of the connection.
For this reason, the trend has moved toward using pressing devices in which the movable pressure clamp is driven via the adjustment drive mechanism only up to the outside diameter of the press-fit element, and from there is adjusted by a predetermined amount, that of the compression depth. This type of pressing method requires that the outside diameter of the press-fit element be set for only one defined socket-cable combination, in most cases for a specific standard or series. To the extent that it is possible to determine compression depth from a series of outside diameters, it depends upon the standard being used, since the outside diameter of the press-fit element reveals nothing about the structure of the cord and the press-fit element, for example what proportion of air spaces is present. Thus, use of this type of pressing device cannot ensure that the desired quality of connection will be achieved with all combinations.
With other pressing devices, pressure is applied until a fly established final strength has been achieved. This method is even more imprecise, since the degree of deformation is severely dependent upon the geometry and the material stability of the cable and the cable bracket.

Method and apparatus for pressing a press-fit element onto a cord and measuring the longitudinal extension of the press-fit element

Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presserkzeuge & Co. KG


A communication system includes a device and a server connected to the Internet, which transfers communications between the device and a terminal connectable to the Internet via the server. The device periodically transmits a notice packet to the server. The server transmits a connection request packet to the device in reply to the notice packet when a transfer to the device is requested from the terminal. The device transmits a TCP connection request to the server when receiving the connection request packet from the server. The server accepts the TCP connection request transmitted from the device to the server in reply to the connection request packet, to establish the TCP connection. Thus, the server transfers communications between the terminal and the device on the TCP connection after the TCP connection is established.

Recently, whether in office or at home, a local area network (LAN) and the Internet are generally connected by way of a router having a network address translation function (NAT) or network address port translation function (NAPT).
To communicate between devices connected to the Internet, global IP addresses assigned uniquely around the world are employed. On the other hand, owing to the rapid increase in the number of devices connected to the Internet, the global IP addresses tend to be in shortage. Accordingly, in the LAN of an organization or household not connected to the Internet directly, it is general to use private IP addresses which are unique only within a LAN specified by RFC1918. Private IP addresses are not unique on the Internet, and thus a device having a private IP address cannot communicate with a device connected to the Internet in this state. This problem is solved by the NAT or NAPT function, which can present mutual conversion functions of global IP addresses and private IP addresses so that the devices assigned with the private IP addresses can communicate via the Internet.
The mechanism of NAT function is explained below by referring to a communication sequence diagram in FIG. 8A. A LAN 711 is connected to the Internet 712 by way of a router 703. A device 701 is connected to the LAN 711, and a server 702 is connected to the Internet 712. An IP address of the device 701 is a private IP address "192.168.1.2" and an IP address of the server 702 is supposed to be a global IP address "188.8.131.52." An Internet side address of the router 703 is a global IP address "202. 224.159.142." For the sake of explanation, there is only one Internet side address of the router 703.
In this network configuration, to start communication with the server 702, the device 701 first sends an IP packet 704 to the LAN 711. In order to specify the destination of transmission and reception, the IP packet 704 includes fields for holding source IP address (SA), destination IP address (DA), source port (SP), and destination port (DP), and a payload for carrying desired information.
The router 703 detects that the destination of the IP packet 704 is global IP address "184.108.40.206," and performs going route conversion 708 of the IP packet 704 to transfer it to the Internet 712 as IP packet 705. In going route conversion 708, private IP address "192.168.1.2" in SA field of the IP packet 704 is replaced with the Internet side global IP address "188.8.131.52" of the router 703. At this time, the router 703 stores a set of SA "192.168.1.2" of IP packet 704 and DA "184.108.40.206" of IP packet 705 in NAT table 713 held inside of the router 703 as shown in FIG. 8B.
As a result of conversion 708, the IP packet 705 becomes a packet which can be transferred on the Internet, including only the global IP address. Accordingly, the IP packet 705 is transferred to the intended server 702, and the packet response is processed (S710) in the server 702, and the IP packet 706 of response is returned to the router 703. In the packet response process (S710), the values of SA and DA of the packet are exchanged.
When receiving the IP packet 706, the router 703 compares it with the NAT table 713. As a result of comparison, the DA of the IP packet 706 coincides with the SA of the IP address 705, and it is confirmed to be the response to the packet sent out from the router 703, and returning route conversion 709 is conducted.
In returning route conversion 709, the router 703 replaces the global IP address "202. 224.159.142" in the DA field of the IP packet 706 with the IP address "192.168.1.2" of the device 701 stored in the NAT table 713 on the basis of the IP address "126.96.36.199" in the SA field of the IP packet 706, and transfers it to the LAN 711 as IP packet 707. As a result, the IP packet 707 is transmitted to the device 701, and is received in the device 701 as the response of the IP packet 704.
The NAT table 713 is held during communication, and is discarded when the communication is over. End of communication is usually judged by detection of the syn packet or time out determined by a period for which no communication is made in the case of TCP packet. In case of the UDP packet, it is usually judged by time out. Thus, communication is enabled between the server 702 on the LAN and the device 701 on the Internet.
Thus, by the router having the NAT function, communication between a device on the LAN and a device on the Internet is enabled. However in the mechanism of the NAT, in order that a plurality of devices on the LAN can communicate simultaneously with the devices on the Internet, the NAT router must be assigned with as many global IP addresses as the number of devices to communicate simultaneously, and the reducing effect of global addresses becomes smaller. To solve such problem, the NAPT function is developed by extending the function of the NAT.
The mechanism of the NAPT function is explained by referring to the communication sequence diagram in FIG. 9A. Explanation of the same operation as in the NAT in FIG. 8A is omitted. In the NAT, only the IP address of the IP packet is converted, but in the NAPT, the port is converted at the same time. That is, in going route conversion 808 in FIG. 9A, in addition to the same converting process as in the NAT, a port number not used by a router 803 at the present is selected (herein "100"), and it is replaced with the SP (herein "1") of an IP packet 804, and is converted into an IP packet 805. At this time, the router 803 stores a set of SP (1) of IP packet 804 and replaced port (100) of the router 803 in NAPT table 813 (see FIG. 9B) in the router 803, in addition to a set of SA "192.168.1.2" of IP packet 804 and DA "126.96.36.199" of IP packet 805.
When receiving the IP packet 806, the router 803 compares the content of the reception packet and the table 813. As a result of comparison, if the DA of the received IP packet 806 coincides with the SA of the IP address 805, and the DP of the IP packet 806 coincides with the SP of the IP address 805, then it is confirmed that the received packet 806 is the response to the packet 805 sent out from the router 803. Hence returning route conversion 809 is conducted. In returning route conversion 809, in addition to the operation of the NAT, the content of the DP (herein "100") of the IP packet 806 is replaced with the SP (herein "1") of the saved IP packet 804, and is converted to the IP packet 807. As a result, communication is enabled between the device 801 on the LAN 811 and the server 802 on the Internet 812. According to the NAPT function, when a plurality of devices communicate simultaneously from the LAN side, communications from the device 801 can be distinguished by the port numbers of the router, and therefore even though there is only one global IP address of the router 803, communications can be done simultaneously by the same number of the ports of the router.
In this way, according to the NAT or NAPT technology, it is easy to connect from the device in the LAN having a private IP address to the server on the Internet. On the other hand, it is not easy to connect freely from the device on the Internet whenever desired to the device in the LAN having a private IP address, and hence it was difficult to realize such a function as to control by connecting to electric home appliances at home from a cellular phone via the Internet. This is because the device in the LAN has a private IP address and a packet cannot be sent to the private IP address from the device on the Internet. To solve this problem, a function called static NAT or port forwarding is proposed.
In the static NAT function, the user has to set a static NAT table in the router in advance. The entry of the static NAT table consists of IP address and port of the device in the LAN desired to be connected, and an arbitrary vacant port of the router. When desiring to connect to a device in the LAN from the Internet, the user designates a set of global IP address of the router and a port preset in the static NAT table from the user's terminal to transmits a packet. The router compares the content of the packet received from the user's terminal with the entry of the preset static NAT table, and replaces the transmission destination of the packet with the IP address and port of the device in the LAN in the entry to transfer it.
By such static NAT, it is enabled to communicate from the device on the Internet to a device in the LAN. In the static NAT, however, the user must set a static NAT table beforehand, and the content of this setting is complicated for the end user not having the knowledge of IP address. Besides, if the global IP of the router is dynamically assigned by the PPP or DHCP protocol, it is hard for the user to understand the addresses, and the destination of connection cannot be specified. Still more, the security is lowered because an external packet is transferred into the LAN. Further, if the router managed by the user is connected to the network of the private address of ISP, that is, when there are multiple stages of NATs, then communication from the Internet is not enabled unless the static NAT of the router of the ISP is set. As such there were many problems.
As explained herein, although it is easy to connect from a device in the LAN having a private address to a device on the Internet, it was not easy to connect to a device in the LAN having a private IP address from a device on the Internet when desired. It was hence difficult to realize such a function as to control by connecting to a personal computer (PC) or electric appliance at home from a PC or cellular phone via the Internet.

Secured TCP/IP communication system for devices and private networks connected to the internet


Methods of using recombinant human CC10 (rhCC10), also known as recombinant human uteroglobin, to reduce virus titers in the tissues of patients, particularly influenza and filovirus titers in lung tissues are provided. RhCC10 may be used as a therapeutic in the treatment, cure, or prevention of viral infection, particularly influenza and ebola infection. More particularly, methods, including broadly the critical dosage ranges of rhCC10, intravenous and intranasal route of administration, which may be administered to treat, cure or prevent influenza and ebola infection are provided. Further provided are compositions useful in the foregoing methods and in administering rhCC10 to humans.

Clara Cell "10 kDa" protein (CC10) or uteroglobin (UG) is a small, homodimeric secretory protein produced by several mucosal epithelia and other organs of epithelial origin (Mukherjee, 1999). CC10 consists of two identical subunits of 70 amino acid residues, each with the "four helical bundle" secondary structure motif, joined in antiparallel orientation by two disulfide bonds between Cys 3 and 69′, 3′ and 69 (Matthews, 1994; Morize, 1997). CC10 is the first member of an emerging family of small globular proteins that share the same secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure and are thought to mediate similar functions. The homodimer containing two disulfide bonds appears to be its primary form. In humans, the lung is the main site of CC10 production, while several other organs synthesize smaller amounts of mRNA encoding this protein (Singh, 1987; Sandmoller, 1994). CC10 is an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory protein that has been characterized with respect to various interactions with other proteins, receptors and cell types (reviewed in Mukherjee, 1999 and Pilon, 2000). Lower levels of CC10 protein or mRNA have been found in various tissue and fluid samples for a number of clinical conditions characterized by some degree of inflammation including pneumonia (Nomori, 1995).
The physiology of CC10 protein in different types of pulmonary infections has been studied in one strain of CC10 knockout mouse. In two studies in which CC10 knockout and wild type mice were each infected with either Pseudomonas aeruginosa or adenovirus, two common human respiratory pathogens, the wild type mice experienced more rapid clearing of the pathogens, with greater killing of the pathogens by the innate immune system, suggesting a benefit to CC10 deficiency during viral and bacterial infection (Hayashida, 1999; Harrod, 1998). This is consistent with earlier observations in which CC10 was reported to be an immunosuppressive agent (Dierynck, 1995; 1996), indicating that CC10 would suppress the natural immune response to an infection, whether bacterial or viral, including influenza. Thus, the administration of CC10 in the presence of a viral or bacterial respiratory infection could not be expected to benefit the patient. Subsequently, it was reported that restoration of CC10 function using recombinant human CC10 protein (rhCC10) prior to infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), enabled a more rapid clearance of the infection than in untreated knockout mice (Wang, 2003). However, a recent study showed that rhCC10 can prevent the development of acquired immunity, specifically antigen-specific T cells, when present at the same time that dendritic cells are exposed to antigen (Johansson, 2007), which again indicates that administration of rhCC10 may not benefit a patient with an infection. Thus, the current state of knowledge regarding the potential hazards or benefits of rhCC10 treatment during a respiratory infection is conflicting and allows no conclusions to be drawn regarding the safe and/or efficacious use of CC10 to treat different types of respiratory infections. No information regarding the effect of CC10 on influenza infection is available. We report herein, direct verification of the efficacy of rhCC10 against influenza Type A in vivo, direct verification of the anti-viral effects of CC10 at the cellular level, its mechanism of action, and its potential use to treat and/or prevent viral infection, and, in particular, influenza infection.
Influenza has caused four major outbreaks (1889, 1918, 1957, and 1968) in the past 120 years, causing the deaths of an estimated 50-100 million people worldwide. Influenza is an orthomyxovirus, an RNA virus that is transmitted by aerosols as well as by direct contact of contaminated surfaces with nasal mucosa and targets respiratory epithelial cells. Influenza infection may cause severe symptoms, including fever, sore throat and muscle aches, malaise, weight loss, respiratory congestion, and sometimes respiratory failure and death. Influenza elicits an acquired immune response (cytotoxic T cells and antibodies) that typically clears the infection in 1-2 weeks in normal healthy individuals. Several subtypes of influenza that infect humans, including avian influenza (H5N1), seasonal influenza H3N2, and swine flu (H1N1), can be treated with antiviral agents such as neuraminidase inhibitors. However, the rapid rate of mutation in influenza has led to the development of drug-resistant strains (Moscona, 2009), such that widespread use of antiviral agents for prevention and or treatment will lead to acceleration of the development of resistance to these drugs. New therapeutic agents are therefore needed to treat, cure and prevent influenza infection. Likewise, there are no approved therapies for the vast majority of viral infections in the respiratory tract and other body systems.
Ebola is a hemorrhagic fever virus, also known as a filovirus, originating in Africa with a very high mortality rate. It is highly contagious and is transmitted by contact with bodily fluids from an infected person or animal. It attacks the endothelial cells of blood vessels, breaking down blood vessels, allowing blood and serum to leak from the circulatory system. Death often occurs with a few days of the appearance of hemorrhagic symptoms. There is currently a widespread epidemic of ebola in West Africa and no proven anti-viral medication or vaccine available. New therapeutic agents are therefore, needed to treat, cure, and prevent ebola infection.

Recombinant human CC10 protein for treatment of influenza and ebola


A ground electrode comprised of a noble metal tip having an outer circumferential surface, a holder having an inner circumferential surface defining a through hole for the noble metal tip thereon, and a body to which the holder is joined. At least one of a) the inner circumferential surface of the holder which forms the through hole, and b) the outer circumferential surface of the noble metal tip which is disposed in the through hole, continuously reduces in diameter toward the forward side. A forward end surface of the noble metal tip is located on a forward side with respect to a forward end surface of the holder.

Conventionally, a spark plug is used in an internal combustion engine. The spark plug has electrodes for forming a gap therebetween. For example, an electrode having a noble metal tip is used. In this connection, there is proposed a technique for welding a noble metal tip to a tip holder and welding the tip holder to a ground electrode.
In the case of using a tip holder for attaching a noble metal tip, as compared with the case of attaching a noble metal tip without use of a tip holder, the number of components increases; accordingly, appropriate attachment of the noble metal tip has not been easy. For example, a large burden has been involved in maintaining both of a dimensional tolerance of the noble metal tip and a dimensional tolerance of the tip holder within small ranges, respectively.
An object of the present invention is to facilitate implementation of appropriate attachment of a noble metal tip.
The present invention has been conceived to solve, at least partially, the above problem and can be embodied in the following application examples.

Spark plug and method of manufacturing spark plug


A resonator structure for a wireless power transfer system Includes resonators, which are to transfer wireless power, and a dielectric substance, which includes at least one exposure region formed on the dielectric substance to fix the resonators in a covered shape and to selectively expose parts of the resonators.

As is well known, a wireless power transfer system that wirelessly transfers (transmits) power (energy) uses an electrical field, a magnetic field, or an electromagnetic field, and for this, in the wireless power transfer system, the power is necessarily transferred from a resonator or an emitter to a receiver after passing through space.
In this case, a great deal of technical effort is necessary in order to reduce transfer loss, and in particular, loss related to a conductor that forms the resonator and the shape of the resonator for generating a resonance phenomenon at appropriate frequencies may be major research issues.
FIG. 1 is a structural view of an ideal resonator that can be applied to a wireless power transfer system.
Referring to FIG. 1, a resonator 100 is in a spiral shape so as to be configured as a thin film type, and has a structure in which a circular feeder root 102 is coupled to the resonator 100 for impedance matching. Here, as illustrated in FIG. 2A, the resonator 100 has a shape that is covered and fixed by a non-metal dielectric substance.
FIGS. 2A to 2C are views showing the shape in which a conductor (resonator) is fixed to the inside or the surface of a rectangular dielectric substance 104 by processing only the portion where wires are inserted into the dielectric substance 104 according to a method in the related art.
However, in the structure as illustrated in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the dielectric substance generally has an electric loss, and there is a great difference in the transfer loss of wireless power compared with the ideal structure illustrated in FIG. 1.

Resonantor structure for wireless power transfer system

ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH INSTITUTE


A device is configured to receive an image of a person. The image may include an image of a face. The device may create an emoticon based on the image of the face. The emoticon may represent an emotion of the person. The device may detect a facial expression of the person at a time that a message is being generated. The device may determine the emotion of the person based on the detected facial expression. The device may identify the emoticon as corresponding to the emotion of the person. The device may add the emoticon to the message based on the emoticon corresponding to the emotion of the person. The device may output the message including the emoticon.

An emoticon may be a pictorial representation of a facial expression used by people to express a person's emotion while electronically communicating. Generally, an emoticon may include punctuation marks, numbers, and/or letters to represent the facial expression. Sometimes, an emoticon may include a generic animated image (e.g., a cartoon image), such as a bright yellow smiley face.

Generating emoticons based on an image of a face