A diaper is formed having a flexible fluid impermeable pocket web mounted to an exterior surface of the diaper web and to a second end thereof spaced from the first end to receive the furled diaper web within the pocket subsequent to its use. A modification of the invention includes tubular pockets positioned within the pocket web receiving frangible capsules having deodorizing fluid therewithin for rupturing and dispersion into the diaper to minimize unpleasant odors emanating therefrom.

1. Field of the Invention
The field of invention relates to diaper construction, and more particularly pertains to a new and improved diaper and pouch construction wherein the same is arranged to provide for a pocket to receive the associated furled diaper subsequent to its use.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Diapers of various types have been utilized throughout the prior art and U.S. Pat. No. 4,938,755 to Foreman sets forth a diaper having a containment pocket having a closure means associated therewith directed within the diaper.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,964,859 to Feldman sets forth a diaper construction having an integral pad and disposal container associated therewith.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,037,414 to Booth sets forth a diaper having a liquid impervious back panel to receive a soiled diaper.
As such, it may be appreciated there continues to be a need for a new and improved diaper and pouch construction as set forth by the instant invention which addresses both the problems of ease of use as well as effectiveness in construction and in this respect, the present invention substantially fulfills this need.


A game apparatus including a support housing to include a timer member, an audio cassette record and playback device, and a microphone, the microphone arranged for electrical communication with the audio cassette device, as well as a plurality of activity cards and an activity card interpretation book. A player selects an individual card from the activity cards and the activity is thusly interpreted by an arbitrary judge to direct a moving player to perform a predetermined activity directed by the cards. Judging is effected by the judge or an arbitrary panel of players to gauge success of the activity effected by the moving player. A modification of the invention includes an oral impediment arranged for utilization by a player to create difficulty in recreating the activity thusly chosen.

1. Field of the Invention
The field of invention relates to game apparatus, and more particularly pertains to a new and improved activity game apparatus wherein the same is arranged to direct players to recreate various activities.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Game apparatus of various types are utilized throughout the prior art employed by individuals to direct the individuals in the amusement and enjoyment of various events and participating in game play. Game apparatus of various types are exemplified in U.S. Pat. No. 4,789,162 to Harris utilizing a word and message forming game; U.S. Pat. No. 4,944,519 to Canela to effect a game for memorizing messages, slogans, and phrases; U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,711 to Runstein sets forth a word and category association game; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,928,976 to Vano, et al. sets forth a word and question association type game.
As such, it may be appreciated that there continues to be a need for a new and improved activity game apparatus as set forth by the instant invention which addresses both the problems of ease of use as well as effectiveness in construction and in this respect, the present invention substantially fulfills this need.

Col. Heroes de Churubusco Mexico 13, DF C.P. 09090


The present invention provides a method and apparatus for forming an outwardly extending tubular portion in a side wall of a workpiece, such as a rocker arm. The method includes the following steps: (1) positioning the workpiece in a punch press having a central shaft with a movable punch mounted in an aperture formed in the central shaft for lateral sliding movement with respect to the shaft; (b) extending the central shaft into the interior cavity of the workpiece; and (c) actuating lateral sliding movement of the movable punch against the side wall of the workpiece to cold form the outwardly extending tubular portion in the side wall.

Rocker arms for vehicle engines are typically challenging to manufacture because they require a structurally sound tubular portion extending laterally through the part.
The prior art provides many methods of manufacturing rocker arms. One method is to stamp the part and drill a main aperture through the part. A tube is then inserted into the aperture to form the structurally sound tubular portion extending through the rocker arm and to provide structural integrity to the assembly. The assembly is then subject to brazing and honing operations. This method is not particularly efficient because the inserted tube results in added cost and manufacturing time.
Another example of a prior art rocker arm manufacturing process includes casting the entire rocker arm with the central tube formed integrally therewith. This method requires expensive secondary machining operations. It also requires cross ribs for added strength.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide an improved method of manufacturing a workpiece, such as a rocker arm, with a structurally sound tubular portion extending through the part. It is also desirable to provide an improved rocker arm design in which manufacturing costs are reduced, and structural integrity is not compromised.


A strain relief device for coupling of a cable connector to a terminal of an electrical device. The strain relief device includes an elongated base member having a flat surface extending between first and second end portions. A fastener is fixedly connected to the flat surface at the first end portion, for releasably fastening the base to an external surface of a housing to the electrical device. A clamping device extends perpendicularly from the base at the second end portion. The clamping device defines an adjustable slot configured to receive the cable connector. Moreover, the slot is moveable to several elevations with respect to the base. When the base is fastened to the external surface of the electrical device, the slot can be moved to align a cable connector received therein with a terminal of the electrical device.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to the art of electrical coupling and more particularly to devices which provide strain relief for electrical connectors.
2. Description of the Relevant Art
Electrical devices, such as laptop computers, often contain externally accessible terminals configured to transmit or receive data to or from external devices via data cables. Data terminals and cables are often electrically connected together for data transmission via cable connectors interfacing therebetween.
Cable connectors are well-known in the art and are available in a variety of sizes and shapes. In addition to serving as an interface between terminals and data transmission cables, cable connectors serve to secure cable coupling. To this end, some cable connectors are provided with coupling hardware which releasably engages mating structure provided at the data terminal. Typically, the coupling hardware includes clips, screws, or other types of fasteners. Once cable connectors are coupled or "plugged" into data terminals, the coupling hardware generally guards against decoupling therefrom. However, certain types of connectors, e.g., PC cards, do not include coupling hardware.
Often times, electrical devices such as laptop computers are used in field experiments for acquiring data generated by external devices, also in the field. The generated data is often transmitted to terminals of the data acquisition device via PC cards. For example the auto industry uses laptop computers to collect data generated by sensing devices which sense operational parameters of an internal combustion engine within a moving automobile. Mechanical forces such as vibrational effects associated with the moving automobile, can cause the PC card to decouple from a data input terminal. Obviously once decoupled, the laptop computer acting as a data acquisition device, can no longer collect data.
Thus, the prior art technique of using screws, clips, or other fasteners to secure cable connecters, often does not provide enough coupling effect to withstand the forces associated with field data collection. Furthermore, many prior art connectors are provided with no coupling hardware to secure engagement with a data input terminal.


A digital calibration circuit is used to provide joint-elimination of transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalances. Digital I and Q quadrature signals are received and converted to analog I and Q quadrature signals on I and Q for transmission on output channels. An output mixer is used to convert the quadrature signals to an unbalanced RF output. An unbalanced RF signal is received selectively either externally or from the RF output using a source follower, and the received signal is mixed to provide analog I and Q quadrature signals, using a local oscillator (LO). The LO adds an additional 90 ° phase shift between I and Q quadrature channels of the unbalanced RF input. Parameter estimating the transmitted digital I and Q quadrature signals and providing estimations of I and Q quadrature imbalance conditions.

1. Field
The present disclosure relates to digital calibration of transmitters and receivers of quadrature modulated signals, implemented using an internally switched signal path. Keywords include algorithm, CORDIC, calibration, I/Q imbalance, local oscillator (LO), transceiver, transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX).
2. Background
Quadrature modulation is fundamental in nearly all wireless transceivers for its high spectral efficiency, but mismatches of components and physical layout generally leads to gain and phase mismatches between the I and Q quadrature signals. The resultant image effect can significantly degrade the error vector magnitude (EVM), especially for very dense signal constellations such as 16-QAM and 64-QAM. Since I/Q imbalances can happen in the receiver (RX), transmitter (TX) and local oscillator (LO), the desired calibration algorithm should be able to correct the I/Q imbalances with minimum add-on hardware for better cost and area efficiencies.
A number of techniques have been reported to deal with the I/Q imbalance problem. Examples are the loop-back detector with a recursive algorithm, two-dimensional iterative search algorithm, and blind estimation algorithm. The first two are demanding in hardware and computation, inducing a long calibration time and are power and area hungry in their implementation. For the third, although no training sequence is entailed, the estimation process still involves heavy computation (e.g., inverse matrix) and can suffer from the instability issue in the recursive loop.

Non-recursive digital calibration for joint-elimination of transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalances with minimized add-on hardware


If a user loses an electronic device that has the capability to conduct financial transactions, the user may report that the electronic device is lost using a lost-device software application to a management electronic device associated with a provider of the electronic device. In response to receiving this information, a disabling command is sent to a payment network associated with the financial account of the user to temporarily disable use of the electronic device to conduct the financial transactions. In particular, the electronic device may include a secure element that stores a payment applet for a financial account, and the disabling command may disable a mapping from a virtual identifier for the financial account to a financial primary account number. Subsequently, if the user finds the electronic device, the user may re-enable the capability (and, thus, the mapping) by providing authentication information to the electronic device.

Field
The described embodiments relate generally to wireless electronic devices, and more specifically to techniques for disabling the capability to conduct financial transactions using a wireless electronic device if the wireless electronic device is lost.
Related Art
Many modern electronic devices typically include a networking subsystem that is used to wirelessly communicate with other electronic devices. For example, these electronic devices can include a networking subsystem with a cellular network interface (UMTS, LTE, etc.), a wireless local area network interface (e.g., a wireless network such as described in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard or Bluetooth™ from the Bluetooth Special Interests Group of Kirkland, Wash.), and/or another type of wireless interface (such as a near-field-communication interface).
Presently, there is increasing interest in using such electronic devices to conduct financial transactions. To facilitate this functionality, an electronic device may include a secure element to provide: security, confidentiality, and one or more application environments. The secure element may include one or more applets or applications (such as a payment applet associated with a credit card) that execute in an environment of secure element, where the applets allow the secure element to conduct a financial transaction with another electronic device, such as a point-of-sale terminal.
However, enabling a user to conduct financial transactions using electronic devices also presents a security risk. In particular, if a user loses their electronic device, there is a risk that the lost electronic device could be used to conduct fraudulent financial transactions.
Hence, it is desirable to be able to limit the risk associated with lost electronic devices.

Disabling mobile payments for lost electronic devices


Novel modified or derivatized recombinant animal somatotropins. Methods for stabilizing recombinant animal somatotropins by modification or deletion of the Cysteine residues utilizing site directed mutagenesis to replace from one to four of the cysteine amino acid residues of said somatotropins with one or more different amino acid residues or by derivatization of (1) both cysteine amino acid residues in the small loop of said somatotropin, both cysteine amino acid residues in the large loop or the four cysteine amino acid residues in both loops of said somatotropin.

The present invention relates to novel modified or derivatized recombinant animal somatotropins wherein at least one (1) of the four (4) cysteine amino acids residues of said recombinant animal somatotropins is replaced, modified, deleted or derivatized. Although somatotropins have been and continue to be recombinantly produced, oftentime those somatotropins are difficult to formulate in order to effectively administer to an animal. Unlike such expressed somatotropins, it has been discovered that the alteration or elimination of the cysteine residues, four of which exist in somatotropins, either by substitution by another amino acid or by derivatization of the cysteines, results in biologically active compounds with enhanced stability to formulate in acceptable fashions in order to administer to animals.
It is the object of the present invention, therefore, to provide novel animal somatotropins wherein at least one (1) of the cysteine residues of the somatotropin has been replaced by another amino acid, modified, deleted or chemical derivatized. It is a further object of the invention to substitute and/or derivatize two (2), three (3) or all four (4) of the cysteine residues of animal somatotropins and provide those novel compounds. Two cysteines are in the small loop and two are in the large loop.
Also, another object of the present invention is to provide compositions of said substituted, replaced (modified), eliminated and/or derivatized animal somatotropins which are biologically effective and yet stable to administer. It is another object of the present invention to provide compositions of biologically active recombinant animal somatotropins which are suitable for parenteral administration comprising a growth promoting amount of a modified or derivatized recombinant animal somatotropin or pharmaceutically and pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof in a pharmaceutically and pharmacologically acceptable solid or liquid carrier, wherein the growth rate of an animal is increased over an extended period of time of five days or more.
These and other objects of the invention will become apparent by the more detailed description of the invention provided hereinbelow.

Stabilization of somatotropins by modification of cysteine residues utilizing site directed mutagenesis


Example embodiments provide a compression method for TDM frames transported over a packet network. The method is based on mapping of allocated TDM slots but not all un-allocated slots into a transport structure, which thereby reduces the needed amount of data transported over packets and hence reduces the required packet rate and packet capacity during transport of the TDM frame. The mapping is further arranged to allow dynamic changes of packet rate and packet capacity, thus the mapping is performed such that a working size of the transport TDM frame is allowed to increase or decrease over time.

Traditionally Time Division Multiplex (TDM) based traffic has been transported in synchronous or plesiochronous fixed sized frames, in technologies such as Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) and Plesiocronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH). The rate and size of frames remains the same regardless of the usage.
With the introduction of packet based traffic such as provided by Ethernet and IP network services, packets are sent from a transmitting node whenever there is data. This allows for statistical multiplexing of various streams.
A TDM frame with its fixed continuous repetition rate can be mapped onto a stream of packets. Each TDM frame holds N slots of data, of which a predetermined number of slots can be mapped into packet(s), which when done continuously forms a packet stream carrying the full TDM frame sequence over a sequence of packets. Such a mapping of TDM frames into packets will produce a fixed rate of packets regardless of the usage of the TDM slots.
One approach to build packets (illustrated in FIG. 1) from a repetitive TDM frame 101 is to view the TDM slots as a continuous slot stream 102, where every N'th slot is being marked as slot 0 in a frame. Within the slot stream 102 the slot numbers can be given by dead reckoning, just as with normal TDM transmission.
This slot stream 102 is then put into packets 103 by including P number of slots from the slot stream 102 into each packet. If the packet includes a slot 0, the first slot being a slot 0 is marked, as illustrated by the arrows 104 and 105 in FIG. 1. If the frame 101 is so small that a number of frames 101 can be held within the packet, then pointing out the first slot to be slot 0 is done by utilizing that the number of slots P allowed for implications of the other frames is known.
Use of sequence numbers on the packets, will allow for packets to be detected as missing as well as to sort them to overcome re-ordering such that the TDM frames 101 can be recovered properly at a receiving node.
Optionally Forward Error Correction (FEC) can be provided such as 1 or 2 dimensional FEC matrices, as being used in SMPTE 2022 data-streams.
When using a FEC correction a number of packets may be generated and transmitted, for instance: 9 data packets followed by a parity packet. When received in the receiving node, the packets are buffered, and if one packet is missing, as result of being dropped by the network, that packet may be re-created from the other 9 packets. This requires all the 10 packets to be buffered for restoration prior to releasing the data for further processing. This causes a delay, for a high packet rate, say 1000 packets a second, which amounts to 10 ms, where as a slower rate of 200 packets a second represents 50 ms of delay. With a varying packet rate, the delay will also vary for the same FEC configuration. More complex FEC configurations to achieve better redundancy will require more packets and hence longer delay.
The end result will be (excluding now the additional packages due to FEC) a packet stream 103 having a packet rate of fpacket=fframe*N/P. This packet rate will be independent on the number of actually allocated slots out of the N slots being setup in each TDM frame.
The problem with this is that the packet rate remains the same high number regardless of amount of capacity actually being in use in the TDM frame. For a TDM frame setup for 100 Mb/s a usage of only 10 Mb/s would still produce the packet rate to support the 100 Mb/s. This behavior is inflexible and rented capacity or use of infrastructure is less cost-efficient than desired.

Compression method for TDM frames in a packet network


A gap-cutter tool assembly for machining a longitudinal gap in an installed boiler tube is provided with clamp elements that engage the interior surface of the installed boiler tube, a cutter head track that provides a straight line cutting path within the tube interior and in the presence of different tube interior diameters, and a cutter head that co-operates with the cutter head track and that has different elevational positions during the cutter head cutting and return strokes, and at the end of the cutter head return stroke.

A preferred tube removal practice for use in connection with maintenance operations for typical tube-type boilers involves cutting the boiler tube that is to be replaced at locations adjacent the boiler headers in which the tube is installed, removing the cut major tube length from within the boiler, and afterwards separately removing the two remaining tube ends mounted in the tube mounting bores of the boiler tube headers from within their tube mounting bores. The subsequent removal of the tube ends generally has involved the use of apparatus that is first clamped to the interior surface of nearby tubes or other tube ends installed in the same boiler tube header, and that is then subsequently actuated to machine a longitudinal gap or slit in the wall of tube end to be removed. Afterwards, and following apparatus removal, the candidate tube end is laterally compressed to close the machined longitudinal gap, and manually or otherwise withdrawn from installation within the boiler header tube mounting bore. The preferred practice of tube removal avoids the probable damage to the boiler header tube mounting bores that typically occurs when other methods of tube removal such as oxy-acetylene flame cutting or axial driving force separation are utilized, and thus effectively eliminates the probable need for subsequent header metal repair and header tube mounting bore redrilling and honing.
However, the known boiler tube machining apparatus has not been found to function optimumly in all instances, and particularly in cases where the tube interior diameter is not uniform throughout its length due to non-uniform mineral or oxide scale encrustation in the tube, or where adequate adjacent tubes or tube ends are not available for initial apparatus clamping. Accordingly, we have invented a novel apparatus that may be utilized to advantageously in-part effect the removal of boiler-tube ends from their mountings without causing damage to the co-operating boiler header tube mounting bores even in cases where significant non-uniformity of tube interior scaling exists or even if no adjacent boiler tubes or tube-ends are available for satisfactorily clamping the apparatus to the boiler header.
Other advantages and objectives of the invention will become apparent in the course of considering the detailed descriptions, drawings, and claims which follow.

Apparatus for effecting boiler tube removal


A circuit for controlling a horizontal focus signal improves picture quality, which has horizontal and vertical focus signal generating sections for generating parabola-shaped horizontal and vertical focus signals according to horizontal and vertical deflection signals, a high voltage generating section for receiving the dynamic focus signal, a DC power supply controlling section for detecting voltage supplied from an auxiliary coil of said high voltage generating means, and for generating a PWM signal to generate a DC power supply corresponding to a mode according to a voltage detected by an auxiliary coil of the high voltage generating section, a DC voltage varying section for generating a DC voltage corresponding to the mode according to the PWM signal, and a horizontal focus signal amplifying section for amplifying the horizontal focus signal according to the DC voltage of the DC voltage varying section to supply the amplified horizontal focus signal to a mixing section. The horizontal focus signals are amplified according to the DC voltage varied by the frequency of the horizontal sync signal for finely controlling the horizontal focus signal when finely varying the horizontal sync signal, to thus improve the resolution of a monitor.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a cathode ray tube of a monitor, and more particularly to a circuit for controlling a horizontal focus signal in a monitor wherein an amplification factor of a horizontal focus signal is controlled in accordance with a DC power supply that is varied by a varied horizontal frequency for improving picture quality.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A cathode ray tube of a general monitor focuses and accelerates thermoelectrons emitted from an electron gun, and leads the focused and accelerated thermoelectrons to collide onto a phosphor layer via apertures perforating through a shadow mask to form pixels. At this time, the thermoelectrons emitted from the electron gun are deflected in the horizontal and vertical direction associative with a current of sawtooth waveform that flows through vertical and horizontal deflection coils.
However, since the phosphor layer of a general monitor has a dished plane, resolution is degraded at the periphery of a picture when the electron beam is deflected by centering about the center of the monitor. In order to improve the resolution at the periphery of the picture, a parabola-shaped focus signal is required for permitting the electron beam to accurately scan the phosphor layer. At this time, the parabola-shaped focus signal is classified into a static focus signal of which peak value is fixed and a dynamic focus signal of which peak value is varied in accordance with a frequency of a horizontal sync signal.
A circuit for generating a dynamic focus signal in a general monitor is illustrated in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1, a reference numeral 11 denotes an oscillating section which is oscillated in accordance with frequencies of externally-supplied horizontal sync signal Hs and vertical sync signal Vs to generate a horizontal deflection signal and a vertical deflection signal; 12, a horizontal output section for controlling the output of the horizontal deflection signal in accordance with a scanning interval and flyback interval; and 13, a horizontal deflection yoke for supplying the horizontal deflection signal from horizontal output section 12 to deflect the electron beam in a horizontal direction.
A reference numeral 15 denotes a horizontal focus signal generating section for producing a parabola-shaped focus signal from an output signal of horizontal deflection yoke 13; 16, a horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section which is switched in accordance with the horizontal focus signal to regulate an amplitude of the horizontal focus signal; and 17, a horizontal focus signal amplifying section for amplifying an output of horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16.
A reference numeral 21 denotes a vertical output section for controlling an output of the vertical deflection signal in accordance with the scanning interval and flyback interval; and 22, a vertical deflection yoke for supplying the vertical deflection signal from vertical output section 21 to deflect the electron beam in the vertical direction.
A reference numeral 23 denotes a vertical focus signal generating section for generating a parabola-shaped vertical focus signal from an output signal of vertical deflection yoke 22; and 24, a vertical focus signal amplifying section for amplifying the vertical focus signal of vertical focus signal generating section 23.
A reference numeral 31 denotes a mixing section for mixing the horizontal focus signal with vertical focus signal to provide a dynamic focus signal; and 32, a power supplying section for shaping an externally-supplied AC power supply AC to provide a DC power supply B+, and overlapping DC power supply B+ with the dynamic focus signal. Also, a reference numeral 33 denotes a high voltage generating section for providing a high voltage in accordance with an overlap signal, and supplying the generated high voltage to a grid terminal G4 of the cathode ray tube.
A reference numeral 34 denotes a DC power supply controlling section for generating a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) signal corresponding to DC power supply B+ detected by an auxiliary coil Lf of high voltage generating section 33, generating a voltage in accordance with the PWM signal and supplying the generated voltage to high voltage generating section 33 as DC power supply B+.
Here, horizontal focus signal generating section 15, horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16 and horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17 are as shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, horizontal focus signal generating section 15 is formed by a resistor 111 and a capacitor 112 serially connected to each other for integrating the output signal of horizontal deflection yoke 13, an inductor 113 for storing a discharge energy of resistor 111 and capacitor 112, and a resistor 114 and a capacitor 115 serially connected to each other for shaping an output signal of capacitor 112.
Horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16 includes a resistor 121 and a capacitor 122 serially connected to each other for shaping the horizontal focus signal of horizontal focus signal generating section 15. Also included as parts are resistors 123 and 124 serially connected to each other for diving an output signal of capacitor 122, and a Zenor diode 125 connected to an output side of capacitor 122 for switching in the on state when the output signal of capacitor 122 is a voltage of exceeding a preset value. Also, a zener diode 126 is connected to the output side of resistor 123 for switching in the on state when an output signal of resistor 123 exceeds a preset value. Resistors 127 and 128 respectively bias output voltages of zener diodes 125 and 126, and transistors 129 and 130 are respectively switched in accordance with output voltages of resistors 127 and 128. A capacitor 131 and a resistor 132 are serially connected to each other for shaping an output signal of resistor 114. Further to these, resistors 133, 134 and 135 respectively connected between the output side of resistor 132, a collector side and an emitter sides of transistors 129 and 130 control output current of capacitor 131 and resistor 132 in accordance with the switching state of transistors 129 and 130 to regulate the amplitude of an output signal of resistor 132.
Horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17 has a capacitor 140 for eliminating a DC component of the horizontal focus signal of which amplitude is controlled by resistors 132, 133, 134 and 135, and a transistor 141 for amplifying an output signal of capacitor 140. Also, a plurality of resistors 142, 143 and 144 are respectively connected to a collector side of the transistor 141, between an emitter side and a ground of the transistor 141, and between the collector side and the base side of the transistor 141. for determining an amplification factor of an output signal of capacitor 140. A transistor 145 for buffering the output signal of transistor 141, and a resistor 146 connected to an emitter side of transistor 145 for determining the output current of transistor 145 are provided.
On the other hand, vertical output section 21, vertical deflection yoke 22, vertical focus signal generating section 23 and vertical focus signal amplifying section 24 are operated identically to horizontal output section 12, horizontal deflection yoke 13, horizontal focus signal generating section 15 and horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17. Thus, a detailed description of the operation will be deleted.
DC power supply controlling section 34 includes a voltage detector 151 having a diode and a capacitor for rectifying and shaping an output signal of auxiliary coil Lf of high voltage generating section 33 which detects DC power supply B+ to detect an output voltage of high voltage generating section 33. In addition to voltage detector 151, a pulsewidth modulator (PWM) 152 generates a PWM signal for producing DC power supply B+ in accordance with an output voltage of voltage detector 151, and a voltage controller 153 produces DC power supply B+ in accordance with the PWM signal to supply it to high voltage generating section 33.
Here, PWM 152 is provided to produce the PWM signal for heightening DC power supply B+ from power supplying section 32 when the horizontal frequency is raised to thus lower the output voltage of voltage detector 151.
In the general circuit for generating the dynamic focus signal formed as above, horizontal sync signal Hs and vertical sync signal Vs are externally supplied to oscillating section 11. Then, oscillating section 11 is oscillated in accordance with the frequencies of horizontal sync signal Hs and vertical sync signal Vs to generate the horizontal deflection signal and vertical deflection signal. The generated horizontal deflection signal and vertical deflection signal are respectively supplied to horizontal output section 12 and vertical output section 21.
Horizontal output section 12 controls the output of horizontal deflection signal in accordance with the scanning interval and flyback interval, and the horizontal deflection signal of horizontal output section 12 is supplied to horizontal deflection yoke 13. Then, horizontal deflection yoke 13 deflects the electron beam in the horizontal direction.
The output signal of horizontal deflection yoke 13 is supplied to horizontal focus signal generating section 15 which in turn generates the parabola-shaped horizontal focus signal. The horizontal focus signal is supplied to horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16.
Horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16 reduces the amplitude of the horizontal focus signal when the amplitude of the horizontal focus signal exceeds the preset value. The output signal of horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16 is supplied to horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17.
Thereafter, horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17 amplifies the horizontal focus signal to supply the amplified signal to mixing section 31.
Meanwhile, vertical output section 21 controls the output of the supplied vertical deflection signal in accordance with the scanning interval and flyback interval, and the output signal of vertical output section 21 is supplied to vertical deflection yoke 22 which then deflects the electron beam in the vertical direction.
The output signal of vertical deflection yoke 22 is supplied to vertical focus signal generating section 23. Then, vertical focus signal generating section 23 produces the parabola-shaped vertical focus signal in accordance with the vertical deflection signal of sawtooth waveform from vertical deflection yoke 22. The vertical focus signal is supplied to vertical focus signal amplifying section 24 which then amplifies the vertical focus signal in accordance with the preset value.
The amplified horizontal focus signal and vertical focus signal are supplied to mixing section 31. Then, mixing section 31 mixes the amplified horizontal focus signal and vertical focus signal to produce the dynamic focus signal which is in turn supplied to high voltage generating section 33.
On the other hand, externally-supplied AC power supply AC is provided to power supplying section 32 which shapes AC power supply AC to provide DC power supply B+. Thus, DC power supply B+ overlaps with the dynamic focus signal, and the overlap signal is supplied to high voltage generating section 33. In accordance with the overlap signal, high voltage generating section 33 provides the high voltage, and the generated high voltage is supplied to grid terminal G4 of the cathode ray tube.
DC power supply B+ detected by auxiliary coil Lf of high voltage generating section 33 is supplied to DC power supply controlling section 34. Successively, DC power supply controlling section 34 detects the output voltage of high voltage generating section 33 operated in accordance with DC power supply B+ supplied, generates the PWM signal for generating DC power supply B+ corresponding to a mode in accordance with the detected DC voltage, and produces the DC power supply corresponding to the mode in accordance with the generated PWM signal to supply it to high voltage generating section 33.
The process of generating the parabola-shaped focus signal will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
The output signal of horizontal deflection yoke 13 is supplied to resistor 111 and capacitor 112 of horizontal focus signal generating section 15. Resistor 111 and capacitor 112 integrate the output signal of horizontal deflection yoke 13, and the output signal of resistor 111 and capacitor 112 is supplied to inductor 113. In turn, inductor 113 stores the energy discharged from resistor 111 and capacitor 112.
The output signal of resistor 111 and capacitor 112 is supplied to resistor 114 and capacitor 115, and resistor 114 and capacitor 115 shape the output signal of resistor 111 and capacitor 112.
The shaping signal of resistor 114 and capacitor 115 is sequentially supplied to resistor 121 and capacitor 122 of horizontal focus signal generating section 16. Resistor 121 and capacitor 122 shape the horizontal focus signal. Then, the resultant shaping signal is supplied to resistors 123 and 124 to be divided, and the resultant shaping signal and the divided signal are respectively supplied to zener diodes 125 and 126.
Zener diodes 125 and 126 are switched in a manner that zener diode 126 is switched in the turn-on state when the divided signal is more than a preset value, e.g., approximately 16 volts, of zener diode 125; whereas, zener diode 125 is switched in the turn-on state when the divided signal is more than a preset value, e.g., approximately 27 volts, of zener diode 126.
The output voltages of zener diodes 125 and 126 are respectively supplied to transistors 129 and 130 via resistors 127 and 128. Transistors 129 and 130 are switched in accordance with the switching state of zener diodes 125 and 126.
In other words, when the divided signal is more than the preset value of zener diode 125, transistors 129 and 130 are switched in the turn-on state. If the divided signal is more than the preset value of zener diode 126, transistor 130 is switched in the turn-on state.
Meanwhile, the horizontal focus signal of horizontal focus signal generating section 15 is sequentially supplied to capacitor 131 and resistor 132, and capacitor 131 and resistor 132 shape the horizontal focus signal.
Then, the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal and the divided signal are varied in accordance with the switching state of transistors 129 and 130.
That is, when the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal is smaller than the preset values of zener diodes 125 and 126, transistors 129 and 130 are switched in the turn-off state. The horizontal focus signal shaped in accordance with the turn-off state of transistors 129 and 130 is supplied to resistors 132, 133, 134 and 135, and the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal is controlled in accordance with the divided values of resistors 132, 133, 134 and 135.
However, if the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal exceeds the preset value of zener diode 126 to switch transistor 130 in the turn-on state, the shaped horizontal focus signal is supplied to resistors 132, 133 and 134. Then, resistors 132, 133 and 134 divide the shaped horizontal focus signal. In accordance with the divided resistance values, the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal is controlled.
On the other hand, if the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal is more than the preset value of zener diode 125 to switch transistors 129 and 130 in the turn-on state, the shaped horizontal focus signal is supplied to resistors 132 and 133. After this, resistors 132 and 133 divide the shaped horizontal focus signal. Also, in accordance with the divided resistance values, the amplitude of the shaped horizontal focus signal is controlled.
The horizontal focus signal of which amplitude is controlled as described above is supplied to horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17.
The horizontal focus signal with its amplitude controlled is supplied to capacitor 140 of horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17. Capacitor 140 eliminates the DC component of the output signal of horizontal focus signal-amplitude controlling section 16. Then, the output signal of capacitor 140 is supplied to transistor 141 which amplifies the output signal of capacitor 140. At this time, the amplification factor of transistor 141 is determined in accordance with the resistance values of plurality of resistors 142, 143 and 144.
The output signal of transistor 141 is supplied to transistor 145 which buffers the output signal of transistor 141. At this time, the output current of transistor 141 is determined by the resistance value of resistor 146.
Here, vertical output section 21, vertical deflection yoke 22, vertical focus signal generating section 23 and vertical focus signal amplifying section 24 are operated identically to horizontal output section 12, horizontal deflection yoke 13, horizontal focus signal generating section 15 and horizontal focus signal amplifying section 17. Thus, a detailed description of them will be deleted.
Additionally, a process of regulating DC power supply B+ detected by auxiliary coil Lf of high voltage generating section 33 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.
The output voltage of auxiliary coil Lf of high voltage generating section 33 is sequentially supplied to the diode and capacitor of voltage detector 131, and the diode and capacitor rectify and shape the output signal of auxiliary coil Lf to provide the DC voltage.
The DC voltage of voltage detector 151 is supplied to PWM 152. Thereafter, PWM 152 produces the PWM signal for generating the DC power supply corresponding to the mode in accordance with the output voltage of voltage detector 151, and the PWM signal is supplied to voltage controller 153. Then, voltage controller 153 generates DC power supply B+ corresponding to the mode in accordance with the PWM signal and supplies the generated DC power supply to high voltage generating section 33.
In the conventional dynamic focus signal generating circuit as described above, the amplification of the horizontal focus signal is varied in accordance with the amplitude of the horizontal focus signal. For this reason, the the horizontal and vertical focus signals are difficult to be finely amplified when the frequency of the horizontal sync signal is minutely varied, which results in degrading the resolution of the monitor.

Circuit for controlling a horizontal focus signal in a monitor


An apparatus comprises a first light sensor configured with a first field of view; and a second light sensor configured with a second, narrower field of view contained within the first field of view. The first and second light sensors may be arranged to detect light reflected from an illuminated surface, wherein the first and second field of view encompass light from an electric lighting device reflected from said surface and additional light reflected from said surface, e.g. natural light; but the second light sensor is concentrated on a region on said surface so as to exclude glare from objects outside said region, whereas the first field of view extends beyond said region. An illumination level of the environment in which the apparatus is installed may be adjusted to compensate for a change in the additional light based on information distinguishing between the two sensors.

Daylight harvesting refers to the use of natural daylight to supplement the artificial light in an environment such as an interior space of a building, e.g. an office or other room. The idea can be used to reduce the amount of artificial light needed to illuminate the space and so reduce energy consumption. Nonetheless, in certain environments such as an office workspace a certain standardised or recommend light level may be required, e.g. 500 Lux at desk height. Even in non-regulated environments the end-user may require a certain light level as matter of preference. Hence to conserve energy consumption whilst still meeting the relevant light level requirement, a modern lighting system may comprise a controller which adjusts the artificial light output by one or more electric lighting devices depending on the amount of daylight present.
A closed-loop control system uses feedback of the quantity it is controlling (as opposed to an open-loop system which does not use feedback). In the case of a lighting control system, a photosensor detects the total photometric amount of light from both daylight and electric sources in the space. The sensed level is then used to control the amount of light. Some systems may use "active daylighting" whereby a suitable device is controlled to admit or direct varying amounts of daylight into the space in question, e.g. by means of automatic window blinds, windows comprising "smart glass" with controllable opacity, or a heliostat comprising a movable reflector arranged to direct a controllable amount of light through a window or other opening. In addition artificial light from one or more electric lights may be adjusted to make up any requirement for overall light level that cannot be met using the natural daylight alone. Other systems may passively collect natural light though regular windows or skylights and adjust the electric light sources to meet the required light level.
U.S. Pat. No. 8,207,676 discloses an arrangement in which two different light sensors are integrated within an LED-based light source. The first sensor is provided with a diffuser arranged to collect both light from the LED light source and ambient light, whereas the second sensor is provided with sidewalls that block light from the LED source so as to only collect ambient light. These inputs are used to regulate the light output of the LED light source.

Illumination sensor for distinguishing between different contributions to a sensed light level


A method is provided relating to the issuing of a service ticket in commodity transactions by using a communication system for shopping. More specifically, a purchaser selects the commodity from a plurality of commodities displayed together with letter and image data on the commodities in a display device of the purchaser's terminal. The data is supplied and transmitted by a member store through the communication system. The communication equipments owned by the member stores and a service ticket distributor and the terminal equipment owned by the purchaser are all interconnected via the communication system. The service ticket distributor is provided with a processor, memorizer and manager for handling data relating to purchasers, member stores and the distribution and acquisition of service tickets. The delivery of the service ticket from the member store to the purchaser and the use or redemption of any service ticket by the purchaser at the member store are also performed over the communication system and the associated terminal equipment. Data related to any changes in amount of a service ticket made available through the displays of the terminal equipment so as to be confirmed by the purchasers and/or the member stores.

The service ticket has been utilized in the past as a means to promote the sale of commodities. Namely, the service ticket is usually issued in the form of a stamp ticket or a score point ticket that is handed to a purchaser of a commodity. The quantity of the ticket is typically varied according to the amount of the transaction(s) in question. The service ticket may also be issued in the form of a magnetic card upon which score points may be recorded according to the amount of the transaction(s) in question. These tickets and magnetic card may be exchanged with a premium according to the number or score point thereof collected by the purchaser or buyer. Sometimes, the tickets may be used as a money ticket.
Typically, the service ticket is issued by a service ticket distributor to a member store who pays money for the ticket. The service ticket is a printed matter upon which any value of score points may be recorded. The member store or shop (hereinafter simply referred to as member store) gives a purchaser a predetermined number of score points on the service ticket according to the amount of the transaction(s) between the purchaser and a member store. The purchaser who received the service ticket may keep it by sticking it on a sheet having a service ticket adhering section so as to preserve and to make it easy to calculate the total score points collected by the purchaser.
When the score points on a service ticket accumulate to a predetermined amount, the purchaser is allowed to exchange the service ticket for a specific commodity or to allocate the service ticket to the payment for a commodity at the member store. The service ticket thus used by the purchaser in this manner at the member store is returned again from the member store to the service ticket distributor in exchange for the money corresponding to the amount of the service ticket thus used. In this case, a difference in money between the price per score point of the service ticket which has been paid by the member store to the service ticket distributor when the service ticket is distributed from the service ticket distributor to the member store, and the exchange value of the service ticket at the time of using the service ticket by the purchaser is the handling charge that can be profited by the service ticket distributor.
It should also be appreciated that in the conventional system of distributing the service ticket as a means of promoting the sale of commodities, a purchaser who actually buys a commodity at a member store receives the service ticket as a tangible material. The amount of the service ticket is proportional to the amount of money paid by the purchaser for the commodity, and the service ticket thus received by the purchaser is kept and managed by the purchaser.
In the case of making payment for a commodity through a credit card, a service ticket may be attached to a payment note in accordance with the amount of payment, and the service ticket is kept and managed by the person who utilized the credit card. In this case, the time and method of receiving a service ticket may be somewhat different from the ordinary transaction involving cash. It should be recognized, however, that a tangible service ticket is involved in both cash and credit card transactions.
While effective for its intended purpose, the distribution of tangible service tickets is not without certain attendant disadvantages. First and foremost of these is the need for the purchaser to collect and carefully preserve and manage the service tickets for long periods of time. Otherwise, the service tickets that have been collected by the purchaser may be left unused or lost. In such a situation the purchaser receives no benefit. This is a problem that should be avoided.
Toward the end, the advertisement and transaction of commodities via communication over a personal computer have been recently realized. In this approach, the commodities transaction and payment therefor are all carried out solely through a communication system installed in the purchaser's house.
In such a system, the delivery of a service ticket (which is a tangible material) to the purchaser at the moment of transaction is impossible. Although it may be possible to subsequently deliver the service ticket by mail to the purchaser, such a method of delivering the service ticket is undesirable as it is remote in time, requires significant paper work and handling and is relatively costly.

Method of issuing a service ticket in transactions of commodities by making use of communication


Embodiments of the invention relate to technology prediction. A technical dictionary of technical terms is constructed based on a collection of documents. The technical terms are partitioned into equivalence classes. A table is generated that correlates technical terms across equivalence classes based on temporal co-occurrence of the technical terms across the equivalence classes. For a given technical term the table is accessed to determine a first set of technical terms that correlate to the given technical term. The table is accessed again to determine a second set of technical terms that correlate to the first set of technical terms. It is predicted that the second set of technical terms will correlate to the given technical term in the future.

The present disclosure relates generally to predicting future technologies, and more specifically, to predicting future technologies based on identified relationships between current technologies.
The ability to identify relationships between current technologies is used, for example, to improve search engine query recommendations by suggesting related queries, or to automatically identify relevant technologies of a product for technology road mapping. Knowing the relationships between technologies is also useful in technology licensing to identify relevant technologies owned by a source company for possible licensing agreements.

International Business Machines Corporation


Methods, systems and computer program products are described that facilitate enhanced interactions via social media that can be enabled, at least in-part, by using various content identification techniques. Enhanced viewing of a content can be accomplished by monitoring activities of a user related to the user's accessing of a particular content and analyzing information acquired from the monitoring in conjunction with stored data related to additional users. Next, a subset of the additional users that are associated with the user or with the particular content are identified, and enhanced viewing of the particular content is enabled amongst the user and the identified subset of the additional users.

This section is intended to provide a background or context to the disclosed embodiments that are recited in the claims. The description herein may include concepts that could be pursued, but are not necessarily ones that have been previously conceived or pursued. Therefore, unless otherwise indicated herein, what is described in this section is not prior art to the description and claims in this application and is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
In recent years, social media and social media-related technologies and platforms have proliferated such that interactions through social media has become an increasingly important part of many people's daily lives. Enabled by ubiquitously accessible and scalable communication technologies, social media has provided alternate means for communication between organizations, communities, and individuals. Social media often utilize web-based and mobile technologies to turn communication into an interactive dialogue. For example, a group of Internet-based applications can allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content. The content that is exchanged in a social media setting can include, but is not limited to, audio, video, still image, text, mark-up language, software, and combinations thereof.
Identification of content (i.e., user-generated or otherwise produced content) can be accomplished in different ways. For example, when a content is organized in a file structure, a filename may be used to identify the content. Additionally, or alternatively, additional information, often called metadata, can accompany the content to enable the inclusion of identification information as part of a content file structure. For example, such metadata can be stored as part of a file header.
Other techniques for identifying a content rely on the inclusion of embedded watermarks in a content. Watermarks are designed to carry auxiliary information without substantially affecting fidelity of the host content, or without interfering with normal usage of the host content. Embedded watermarks can be utilized to convey information such as a content identifier (ID), a content name, a content owner, and the like.
Fingerprinting is yet another technique that may be used to identify a content. As opposed to watermarks, which are additional signals embedded into a host content, fingerprints are calculated based on inherent characteristics of the content. Similar to an actual fingerprint that uniquely identifies a person, specific characteristics (e.g., distribution of frequency components) of a content can be computed and distilled into a set of parameters, or a bit string, that allows unique identification of that content. Fingerprint computations are often carried out for consecutive segments of a content to produce a series of parameters or bit strings, which are then stored at a fingerprint database along with other identification information, such as content name, content owner and the like. When a received content is to be identified, the content's fingerprint is computed and compared against the stored database fingerprints until a match is found.
Despite the advent of social media that has enabled unique interactions among various entities, the role of content identification techniques has largely remained unchanged.


A termiticide comprising, as an active ingredient, a polymer which comprises repeating units of the formula: EQU --C.sub.x F.sub.2x O--. wherein x is an integer of 1 to 4, or the formula: EQU --CX.sub.1 X.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O--. wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are the same or different and each a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, provided that X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are not fluorine atoms simultaneously, and has at least one polar group at polymer chain ends, which has no or little toxicity on the human beings or animals and long-lasting termiticidal effects.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a termiticide comprising a specific fluorine-containing polymer as an active ingredient.
2. Description of the Related Art
Buildings, in particular, wooden buildings increasingly suffer from significant damages caused by termites. Termites damage not only the buildings but also eat synthetic resins or rubbers which cover underground cables, whereby insulation of the cables is deteriorated. It is said that an amount of damages caused by the termites is about one hundred million yen per year in Japan. Therefore, it is very important to control or destroy the termites.
As termiticides, organic chlorine base compounds such as Chlordan, Heptachlor, Dildrin, Aldrin, Linden, chloronaphthalene and the like were widely used, but their use has been forbidden due to their toxicity.
Recently, organic phosphorus base compounds such as Phoxime, Chlorbiliphos, Phention, Phenitrochion, Bilidaphenchion, Tetrachlobinphos, etc. and carbamate type compounds such as Carbaryl, etc. are used.
The organic chlorine base compounds have strong termiticidal activities, but they have toxicity against other organisms including human beings and pollute environments. Some of conventional termiticides may not have such problems but have insufficient termiticidal activities.
Since the termites live in places where their control or destruction is difficult such as in soils below floors or wooden foundations of the buildings, the termiticide is expected to have a termiticidal effect which lasts as long as possible after one application.


A charge and discharge controller causes an capacitor to be charged by a power supply to a disk drive, and causes the capacitor to discharge when a power supply monitor detects the interruption of power to the disk drive. Upon detection of the interruption of power, an SPM controller supplies a current to an SPM using the discharge of the capacitor. Upon detection of the interruption of power, a retract controller supplies a current to a VCM using the discharge of the capacitor, thereby performing retract control for retracting the head to a ramp.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a disk drive with a head used to read and write data from and to a disk. More particularly, it relates to a method for retracting the head to a ramp provided near the disk, upon the interruption of power to the disk drive, and relates to the disk drive employing the method.
2. Description of the Related Art
As typical disk drives using a disk as a recording medium, hard disk drives (HDDs) are well known. HDDs comprise a head (magnetic head) used to read and write data from and to a disk, and a spindle motor used to rotate the disk. The head is supported by an actuator so that it can move radially over the disk. The actuator has a voice coil motor used to drive the actuator.
When the HDD is in a state in which the head is ready for a read or write operation, the head is positioned above the disk. More specifically, the head is floating over the disk in accordance with the rotation of the disk. When the head performs a read or write operation, it is moved to a target position on the disk by the actuator. In contrast, when the HDD is in the inoperative state, the head is retracted on a particular place (retraction area) called a ramp. The ramp is located outside the recording area of the disk.
If unintentional interruption of power occurs when the head is floating over the disk, it is strongly possible that the head will stick to the disk. To avoid this, various head retraction methods for automatically retracting the head to the ramp upon the interruption of power to the HDD have been proposed so far. Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2002-298530 discloses one (hereinafter referred to as "the prior art") of such retraction methods. The prior art is characterized in that the back electromotive force (back EMF) of the spindle motor and the charge accumulated in a capacitor are utilized for head retraction. The head retraction performed upon the interruption of power, disclosed in the prior art, is mainly realized by first and second retract operations. In the first retract operation, the voice coil motor is powered by the back EMF of the spindle motor. As a result, the head is moved to the position (retraction switching position) near the ramp. In the second retract operation, the voice coil motor is powered by the charge accumulated in the capacitor, whereby the head is moved to the ramp.
In accordance with the recent development of microfabrication of HDDs (microfabrication of disks), 1.8-inch HDDs, 1-inch HDDs and even 0.85-inch HDDs have come to be available. In accordance with the reduction of the HDD size, the torque (inertia) of the spindle motor inevitably reduces. Accordingly, when the power to the HDD is interrupted, the smaller the HDD (the smaller the diameter of the disk of the HDD), the more quickly the rotational speed of the spindle motor reduces. Therefore, in the prior art, it is possible that before the head reaches the ramp, the rotational speed of the spindle motor will become less than a value that is required to keep the floating level of the head constant. The lower the ambient temperature, the more conspicuous this tendency. In the prior art, when the supply of power is interrupted at, in particular, low temperature, it is difficult to prevent the head from contacting the disk.

Method for retracting head upon interruption of power, and disk drive employing the method


A conference server is configured to receive audio signals associated with active speakers at separate conference endpoints, and to mix the audio signals to form a mixed audio signal. The conference server is further configured to record a mixed audio track comprising the mixed audio signal, and to determine a relative loudness of each of the active speakers for given periods of time. The conference server is also configured to record a plurality of original audio tracks that each comprises the original voice of one or more of the active speakers before mixing, wherein the original voice recorded in each of the tracks at the given periods of time is based on the relative loudness of the active speakers.

There has been an increase in the use of conference sessions (e.g., online audio and/or video conferences) that enable real-time sharing of content between participants (e.g., employees, vendors, clients, etc.) located at physically separate locations. These conference sessions are generally conducted over a wired or wireless computer network (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), etc.) and a telephone network (e.g., public switched telephone network (PSTN)).
In conventional conference sessions, a single participant controls the session. This participant is sometimes referred to herein as the host participant. The host participant can initiate an audio-video (AV) recording of the conference session. These recordings may then be played back at a later time by, for example, participants who missed the conference.

Analytic recording of conference sessions


AV/C command and response data packets are used for asynchronous data block transactions between devices over an IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus network. Extension data fields hold extension data that support new or added features of an IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus network and devices operating therein. The AV/C data packets are encoded for the extension data fields by providing extended fields data within data fields of the Function Control Protocol (FCP) data frames. The extended fields data specifies whether or not the packet includes extension data fields, and if so, how many bytes of extension data may be included within the data field. Extension data supports device and system features such as transaction labels and error/result messages. Transaction data is used to determine the number of other extension data fields to be used during AV/C data transacted between devices and provides for the ability to establish communication protocols based on mutually supported features.

The IEEE standard, "IEEE Std 1394-1995 Standard For A High Performance Serial Bus," is an international standard for implementing an inexpensive high-speed serial bus architecture which supports both asynchronous and isochronous format data transfers. Isochronous data transfers are real-time transfers which take place such that the time intervals between significant instances have the same duration at both the transmitting and receiving applications. Each packet of data transferred isochronously is transferred in its own time period. An example of an ideal application for the transfer of data isochronously would be from a video recorder to a television set. The video recorder records images and sounds and saves the data in discrete chunks or packets. The video recorder then transfers each packet, representing the image and sound recorded over a limited time period, during that time period, for display by the television set. The IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus architecture provides multiple channels for isochronous data transfer between applications. A six bit channel number is broadcast with the data to ensure reception by the appropriate application. This allows multiple applications to simultaneously transmit isochronous data across the bus structure. Asynchronous transfers are traditional data transfer operations which take place as soon as possible and transfer an amount of data from a source to a destination.
The IEEE 1394-1995 standard provides a high-speed serial bus for interconnecting digital devices thereby providing a universal I/O connection. The IEEE 1394-1995 standard defines a digital interface for the applications thereby eliminating the need for an application to convert digital data to analog data before it is transmitted across the bus. Correspondingly, a receiving application will receive digital data from the bus, not analog data, and will therefore not be required to convert analog data to digital data. The cable required by the IEEE 1394-1995 standard is very thin in size compared to other bulkier cables used to connect such devices. Devices can be added and removed from an IEEE 1394-1995 bus while the bus is active. If a device is so added or removed the bus will then automatically reconfigure itself for transmitting data between the then existing nodes. A node is considered a logical entity with a unique address on the bus structure. Each node provides an identification ROM, a standardized set of control registers and its own address space. Because of these advantages the IEEE 1394-1995 standard provides for a unique networking structure that is capable of incorporating audio/video devices, media play/record devices, computing devices and display devices.
A diverse range of products can be implemented with the ability to connect to an IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus network. These devices can have capabilities and functionality ranging from very simple to very complex. Specifically, a variety of audio/video devices, media play/record devices and computing/display devices are capable of being linked together over an IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus networking structure to support asynchronous and isochronous data transfers between the devices.
The IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus allows a collection of devices to work together in a high bandwidth, distributed environment to maximize the overall efficiency and functionality of the network. This allows manufacturers to remove expensive pieces of functionality from one device and locate that functionality in another device on the network, instead of duplicating this functionality in all devices on the network. While some of the devices have limited functionality and are relatively inexpensive, such devices require the support and interaction of other devices in order to bring the full functionality of the devices within the network to the user.
The AV/C Digital Interface Command Set is a command set used for data transactions between consumer audio/video equipment over an IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus. Neither the IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus nor the AV/C command set provide a master-slave relationship between the devices coupled within the IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus network. Instead, both the IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus and the AV/C command set operate based on a cooperative peer-to-peer coexistence of devices within the network. Discrete AV/C command and response data packets are transferred between networked devices over an IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus in an asynchronous data stream. The AV/C command and response data packets are typically formatted according to the AV/C protocol outlined in the AV/C Digital Interface Command Set. Transfers of AV/C command and response data packets over the IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus network are supported by an AV/C architecture. The AV/C architecture is used by devices to create, process and/or transmit AV/C command and response data packets.
The target device is controllable by a controller device that initiates desired data transactions. The desired data transactions are 1394 write transactions, wherein a controller device requests a target device to perform a task. The data transactions are contained within command and response frames of the command and request data packets which are formatted according to the Function Control Protocol (FCP) and then transferred asynchronously between device nodes on the IEEE 1394 serial bus.
New features are continually being added to devices that operate within the IEEE 1394-1995 serial bus network environment. These new features are not necessarily supported by the existing AV/C command and response frame data format. Compatibility of the newly designed devices and existing or legacy devices is also an issue which must be addressed by designers of devices adding new features.

Method of and apparatus for utilizing extended AV/C command and response frames including transaction label and common result/error code


It is possible to accurately and stably inspect a scratch in the vicinity of a surface of a cell external case formed by a cylindrical copper plate by using a simple device. The cell external case (1) is rotated around the center axis of the cylindrical shape by a rotation device (2) and a magnetic flux is applied to the rotating cell external case from both ends of a frame (4). When a scratch is present on the cell external case (1), leak magnetic flux is generated which is detected by a magnetic sensor (6) arranged in the vicinity of the cell external case (1) and displayed on a display device (12) via a signal processing device (11). Since the cylindrical cell external case (1) rotates around its center axis, the distance between its surface and the magnetic sensor (6) is not changed and a scratch can be detected stably.

In common dry cells, external cases are composed of thin steel sheets surface-treated with nickel plating, etc. The external cases can be produced by deep-drawing the thin steel sheet materials into cylindrical shapes, ironing being further carried out optionally thereafter. In the production process such as the deep drawing, the thin steel sheers come into contact with press dies and tools, and are subjected to strong forces, to be greatly deformed.
Incidentally the thin steel sheet materials to be subjected to the deep drawing often have defects such as fine pores of blow holes and non-metal inclusion contaminations, which are inevitably generated in the production of the materials. When the thin steel sheet material has such defects, scratches such as cracks are often formed around the defects during the process of deep drawing, etc. The scratches are so fine that it is almost impossible to visually find the scratches, even surface ones. Further, even when the thin steel sheet material has no defects, the material comes into contact with press dies, etc. during the forming process, whereby in some cases scratches are formed in the vicinity of the surface of the cylindrical-shaped material.
In a case where a dry cell is used for a long period, a liquid might leak from the cell due to deterioration of an electrolyte, etc., and thereby an electronics device using the dry cell as a power source is contaminated and deteriorated. Further, in a case where a plurality of dry cells are used in series and one cell is connected in the incorrect opposite polar direction, a reverse current passes through the cell, and thereby a gas can be generated to rupture the cell. The thin steel sheets used for the external cases of the dry cells have small thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 mm, whereby the scratches on the external cases can cause liquid leakage and rupture. Thus, the dry cell external cases having scratches in the vicinity of the surfaces must be rejected as inferior products.
Magnetism search methods have been known as methods for inspecting scratches on steel sheet surfaces. As shown in FIG. 6, a magnetic flux in the vicinity of a steel sheet surface is distorted and leaks from the surface in a position with a defect such as a crack, and the above methods utilize this phenomenon. By detecting the leak magnetic flux with a magnetic sensor, the scratches in the vicinity of the steel sheet surface can be inspected. The leak magnetic flux may be detected by spreading iron powder and by visually observing its aggregation state, instead of using the magnetic sensor.
A device for detecting a leak magnetic flux by using a magnetic sensor, thereby inspecting a scratch on a steel sheet surface, is disclosed in JP-A-56-1645. The device, shown in FIG. 7, is used for inspecting a scratch on an object material of a steel sheet 20. A detection unit 21 is attached to a guide bar 8 and placed above the steel sheet 20. The detection unit 21 has a C-shaped frame 4, which has ends of legs immediately above the steel sheet 20, and an exciting coil 5 is attached to the center of the frame 4. Further, the detection unit 21 has a plurality of magnetic sensors 6 arranged in the vicinity of the steel sheet 20, aid the distance between each magnetic sensor 6 and the steel sheet 20 is 1 mm or less.
To inspect a scratch, the frame 4 is converted to an electromagnet by applying a current to the exciting coil 15. Thus, in the case of using the leg 4A as an N pole, a magnetic flux passes from the leg 4A into the S pole leg 4B, across the surface of the steel sheet 20. In this case, when the steel sheet 20 has a scratch (or a defect), the magnetic flux leaks from the surface of the steel sheet 20, and the leak magnetic flux is detected by the magnetic sensors 6. The detection signal is processed by a signal processing device (not shown), to measure position of a scratch. The detection unit 21 is guided by the guide bar 8 and moved in the width direction of the steel sheet 20, and scans the steel sheet 20 to inspect a scratch.
Patent Document 1: JP-A-56-61645

Device and method for inspecting scratches on cell external case


Methods for forming inorganic nanostructures are provided. The methods create the inorganic nanostructures by positioning a writing electrode (e.g., a conductive “stamp”) spaced nanometers above a substrate such that a precursor is intermediate the two. Applying an electric field, a voltage bias, an ionic current, or an electronic current between the writing electrode and the substrate converts the precursor into an inorganic solid material (e.g., a semiconductor such as silicon or germanium) in the area of the writing electrode.

Recent advances in epitaxial transfer and vapor-liquid-solid growth (VLS) have demonstrated precise materials integration in semiconductor nanostructures. These nanostructures will likely play a key role in the future of electronic and photonic devices. Advantages of multi-material nanostructures range from strain induced gain in charge carrier mobility to composition dependent band gap engineering. Epitaxial transfer produces high performance electronic and photonic devices. However, epitaxial transfer still involves traditional semiconductor fabrication, which may not be the best option when performance is not the only design driver. Amongst these, solid-state semiconductor photovoltaic applications would greatly benefit from a less demanding materials integration alternative. VLS growth offers a cost-effective wide library of available materials ranging from Si, Ge, Si1-xGex and III-Vs. While geometry and placement control has been greatly improved, obtaining deterministic growth for effective on-chip integration is still challenging.
An intriguing strategy is to localize growth using scanning probes instead of a catalyst particle. This strategy allows precise control over growth placement as well as growth direction. In this fashion, metallic and semiconductor features have been demonstrated via scanning tunneling microscope chemical vapor deposition (STM-CVD). However, low throughput and high vacuum conditions required during growth limit such nanostructures to laboratory devices. The atomic force microscope (AFM) can fabricate nanostructures in ambient conditions. Several AFM techniques such as dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) and high-field carbon direct-write have been successfully demonstrated with greatly increased throughput. DPN affords fast writing at large scale with multiple self-aligned parallel tips. High throughput large-scale carbon direct-write can be performed at 1 cm s−1 tip speeds or by using microstructured conducting stamps that mimic multiple parallel tips.
In spite of recent advances in methods for forming nanostructures, further developments related to parallel fabrication methods for inorganic nanostructures are still desirable.

Inorganic nanostructure reactive direct-write and growth

University of Washington through its Center for Commercialization


A ring-spinning machine has spindles with head pieces, e.g. with fingers about which the yarn can be wound to reduce the ballooning of the yarn around the respective spindles. The thread-guide eyes above the headpieces can be depressed against a spring force from normal positions to enable the yarn to wind around the fingers and the spring force restores the eyes to their normal positions, thereby avoiding changes in the distances between the normal positions and the headpieces which may alter the spinning properties and yarn quality.

A ring-spinning machine generally comprises, on each side of the machine frame, a row of spindles each of which can be considered to represent a station at which yarn, usually fed from a drafting frame, is twisted and wound upon a core sleeve on the spindle. In the process, a yarn balloon is formed around the spindle. The apparatus can then include a ring surrounding the spindle and usually on a ring rail which can move relative to the spindle or with respect to which the spindle can move relatively in an axial direction so that the yarn of the bobbin is distributed over the length of the core sleeve. At the lower end of the balloon, therefore, the yarn can pass through a traveler riding on this ring. The balloon is formed as a result of centrifugal forces on the yarn and the yarn tension, which is in part determined by the centrifugal forces, can contribute to thread breakage.
To limit the expansion of the balloon, a balloon confining or constricting ring may be provided around the spindle as well and in the ring spinning of a yarn, measures to limit the balloon can contribute to a reduction in the rate of thread breakage and thus to an improvement in yarn quality.
Earlier systems tended to use traveling thread-guide eyes or, as described in DE-OS 21 54 446, for example, thread guides which are fixedly mounted on the ring-spinning machine or even thread guides which can be upwardly swingable (DE-OS 16 85 673). In the latter construction, the pivot axis of the thread guide is fixed with respect to the ring-spinning machine while the thread-guide eye itself can be upwardly swingable in combination with the balloon-constricting ring. Other swingably-mounted thread guides are described in Japanese open applications SHO-60-155739 and SHO-60-146022.
In the British patent 948,537 an articulated mounting of the thread guide on a bar is described, the mounting allowing the upward swing of the thread guide for a bobbin-change operation.
A thread-guide eye can be embedded in a piezoelectric elastic element (EP 0 046 810 B1) enabling the detection of yarn breaks as a result of characteristic oscillations generated by the passage of the yarn through the guide. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,269,104, a spring-mounted thread-guide eye is described which allows the holder to be shiftable in a longitudinal slot or hole.
All of these systems have been proposed for spindles onto which the yarn is deposited only after passing through the traveler.
It has been found, however, that for effective limitation of the development of a yarn balloon, it can be advantageous to provide a headpiece for the spindle, i.e. to mount on the spindle, an element which engages in one or more turns the yarn so that the yarn balloon is formed between the headpiece and the traveler before the yarn is deposited on the core sleeve. Such a headpiece, which is fitted onto the top of the spindle, has a configuration, e.g. that of a finger, which allows the yarn to wind thereon in one or more loops.
The service person for such a machine can press the thread guide down sufficiently that the yarn will wind around the headpiece on the spindle. Because of the more or less considerable force which can develop, a forcible connection between the thread guide and any mounting element can become dislocated.
After a certain period of operation and multiple depressions of the thread guide, significant variation can occur between the positions of the thread-guide eyes and respective spindle headpieces for the machine to vary the tension state in the respective spinning triangles, yarn balloons and the winding zones for the various stations. As a consequence, there is a significant quality variation in the spun yarn from bobbin to bobbin and station to station along the machine. For the purposes of this description, the spinning triangle will be understood to be the region between the last pair of rolls of the drafting frame, the thread-guide eye and the headpiece of the spindle. It is in this region that the spinning of the yarn is most pronounced. The balloon zone will be understood to be that region between the headpiece of the spindle and the traveler or ring, and the winding zone, that region between the traveler or the ring and the point at which the yarn is deposited upon the core sleeve.

Ring-spinning machine with spring-biased thread-guide eye