A collar for a disposable surgical gown is provided. The collar includes a first portion having a first end and second end and a second portion having a first and second end. The first ends of the first portion and the second portion meet at a front of the collar to form a v-neck shape and the second ends of the first portion and the second portion meet at a rear of the collar to define a neck opening. The v-neck shape at the front of the collar forms an angle of greater than 90° at the neck opening, while the second end of the first portion and the second end of the second portion are tapered at the rear of the collar. Such an arrangement prevents the collar from gapping when a wearer leans forward or moves during, for instance, a surgical procedure.

Surgeons and other healthcare providers often wear an over garment during operating procedures in order to enhance the sterile condition in the operating room and to protect the wearer. The over garment is typically a gown that has a main body portion to which sleeves and a tie cord, hook and loop closures, or other securing means are attached. While fastening means such as the aforementioned hook and loop materials can be used in conjunction with or in place of tie cords, other personal protective equipment such as a bouffant cap can become caught in the hook and loop materials based on their placement, which can be very irritating to the wearer. Moreover, in order to ensure that no blood, bone fragments, or other biologic materials or body fluids come into contact with the wearer, the neck opening or collar of many surgical garments can be tight, restrictive, and uncomfortable to the wearer. The hook and loop closures can be located at the back of the over garment near its proximal end towards a neck opening or collar and help secure the over garment about the wearer. In order to prevent the spread of infection to and from the patient, such neck openings or collars are generally form-fitting, tight, and restrictive so that bodily fluids and other liquids present during surgical procedures are kept from flowing through the gown. For instance, in many embodiments, the neck opening includes a collar that has a scoop-necked design where the gown fabric is covered with a small strip of a spunbond nonwoven material. This material can rub against the sensitive neck area and can also cause the gown to gap open as the wearer leans forward during a surgical procedure, which exposes the wearer to bone fragments, blood, and other biologic materials.
Further, gowns made from an impervious material provide a high degree of protection, but a surgical gown constructed of this type of material is typically heavy, restrictive, expensive, and uncomfortably hot to the wearer. While efforts have been made to utilize a lighter weight material in order to provide for better breathability and help reduce the overall weight of the gown, the higher the breathability of the material, the lower the repellency of the material, where the material may not meet the minimum guidelines that have been created for the rating of the imperviousness of surgical gowns, gloves and the like.
Specifically, the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) has proposed a uniform classification system for gowns and drapes based on their liquid barrier performance. These procedures were adopted by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and were recently published as ANSIA/AAMI PB70: 2012 entitled Liquid Barrier Performance and Classification of Protective Apparel and Drapes Intended for Use in Health Care Facilities, which was formally recognized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in October, 2004. This standard established four levels of barrier protection for surgical gowns and drapes. The requirements for the design and construction of surgical gowns are based on the anticipated location and degree of liquid contact, given the expected conditions of use of the gowns. The highest level of imperviousness is AAMI level 4, used in "critical zones" where exposure to blood or other bodily fluids is most likely and voluminous. The AAMI standards define "critical zones" as the front of the gown (chest), including the tie cord/securing means attachment area, and the sleeves and sleeve seam area up to about 2 inches (5 cm) above the elbow.
In light of the above, a need exists for a surgical garment (e.g., a surgical gown) that meets the AAMI level 4 standard while at the same time being stretchable, soft, breathable, and cool to maximize the comfort for the wearer (e.g., medical care providers) with a collar that is not restrictive or uncomfortable. Further, a need exists for a collar that can prevent gapping at the neck opening of the surgical garment, which can put the wearer at risk of exposure to blood, bone fragments, or other biologic materials. A need also exists for a collar configuration that permits the use of fastening means that maintain such a garment securely in place during use but that does not result in other personal protective equipment (e.g., a bouffant) becoming attached or caught in the fastening means.


In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a trunnion includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is capable of coupling directly to a drive tube of an aircraft, wherein the drive tube is capable of rotating around a first axis. The second portion is capable of coupling to a swash plate of the aircraft, wherein the swash plate is capable of causing the pitch of at least one of a plurality of aircraft blades to change.

Traditionally, the vertical flight of an aircraft (such as a helicopter) has been controlled using a trunnion that provides for collective control in the aircraft. For example, the trunnion may slide up and down a helicopter's drive tube so that the angle of each of the helicopter rotor blades may be changed simultaneously. This may increase or decrease the lift provided to the helicopter, thereby increasing or decreasing the altitude of the helicopter. These prior art trunnion systems, however, have disadvantageous which may be addressed in this disclosure.

System and method for providing for collective control in an aircraft


A shoe sole is described that provides both cushioning and stability. The sole has a plurality of layers, including a transition layer which allows relative motion between the layers adjacent to the transition layer. The relative motion between the layers of the sole reduces the impact of horizontal shear stresses on the wearer's feet and ankles. One such transition layer includes pliable material and deformable holes within the pliable material. Another transition layer includes at least two rigid plates held together by less rigid grommets or sidewalls. The transition layer may be disposed beneath the entire shoe or only portions of the shoe, with either a more conventional sole structure or rigid support members completing the sole.

This application is a continuation of 10/394,585 filed Mar. 24, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,983,555.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to footwear, and in particular to an article of footwear designed to accommodate vertical forces and horizontal shear forces, both acting as the result of a foot strike, change in motion of the wearer, or both.
2. Background of the Invention
Soles in footwear, and especially athletic footwear, are designed to provide cushioning and stability. The cushioning aspect is normally designed to minimize the impact in the vertical direction caused when the wearer's body weight, moving in a downward vertical direction, acts on a wearer's foot as it strikes the ground. The stability feature is necessary to control the amount of horizontal motion of a wearer's foot in relation to a securely planted outsole of the footwear.
Historically, due to a focus on the negative effects of vertical forces resulting from footstrikes during walking and running, many attempts have been made at providing optimal vertical shock absorption.
During normal walking or running, the largest forces acting on a wearer's body are in the vertical direction. However, horizontal shear forces are also acting on a wearer's body. For example, as the foot of a person strikes the ground, the heel strikes first. The foot then rolls forwardly and inwardly over the ball of the foot. During the time that the foot is rolling forward, the foot also pronates, a process by which the foot rolls from the lateral side to the medial side. This pronation causes horizontal shear forces to act on the wearer's foot. The lateral motion of the foot resulting from the horizontal shear forces can be controlled by providing stability in the sole of the footwear. However, as the horizontal stability of the footwear increases, the horizontal shock absorption properties of the footwear decrease.
Horizontal shear forces also act on a wearer's body during starting, stopping, and shifting of direction, due to friction between the ground and the shoe. This force of friction is transferred by the shoe to the wearer's foot. Such horizontal shear forces may cause injury to the wearer's ankles if the friction causes the shoe to stop before the wearer's foot can adjust to the change of motion. Attempts have been made to reduce the impact of horizontal shear forces on a wearer's body. For example, posting in a shoe helps to prevent over-pronation of the foot. Once again however, as the stability of such footwear has been increased to accommodate for the horizontal shear forces, the horizontal and vertical shock absorption properties of the footwear have decreased.
Accordingly, a need exists to develop footwear that provides optimal horizontal stability with optimal horizontal absorption properties.

Stable footwear that accommodates shear forces


The invention refers to an air supply system (1) for a group of cells (4) arranged for dosing the individual air demand of each electrolytic cell (2) that must be fed to its electrolyte through a system of controlled air diffusion. It comprises a low pressure blower (5), a central feed pipe (6) and a plurality of feed branches (7); a flow meter (8) and a flow regulator (9) are associated to each feed branch. The assembly is connected to a bent hose (12) arranged on the walls of said electrolytic cell (2) to allow connection with an isobaric ring (3), so that the fed air can be diffused homogeneously and sustainedly in time to the electrolyte through selectively perforated hoses (16). The present invention also refers to the process of installation, calibration and operation of the air supply system.

The concept of enhancing electrolyte convection in an electrowinning or electrorefining cell to generally improve the results of metallic electrodeposition by means of controlled gas diffusion from a horizontal plane near the bottom and under the electrodes of the cell has been know for many years. Both the quality of the metal electrodeposited in the harvested cathode as well as the productivity of each cell—by effect of higher current density applicable to the process without quality compromises—are considerably increased applying especially soft aeration to the process in each cell.
In the prior art, there are several designs of apparatus that allow diffusing low pressure gas bubbles inside an electrolytic cell. One of them is by means of an isobaric ring fitting the internal normally rectangular perimeter of the cell generally improves the results of metallic electrodeposition, These rings are formed by straight tubes of circular cross section connected in rectangular manner, to conduct the dosed gas at low pressure throughout its interior, generating bubbles upon emerging uniformly from the lower horizontal plane under the electrodes of the cell and rising to the surface of the electrolyte. For that purpose, the opposite sides of said rectangular ring are connected transversally from side to side with perforated tubes, microporous or microperforated hoses, from Which gas bubbles emerge at low pressure through the perforations of the tubes or hoses, With given initial diameters—that increase as the bubbles ascend to the electrolyte surface—because of the gradually diminishing pressure of the electrolyte column over the bubbles as they rise.
There are several patent documents that disclose solutions to the provision of bubbles of saturated gas or air to the electrolyte of an electrowinning or electrorefining cell.
Document U.S. Pat. No. 1,260,830, published Mar. 26, 1918, titled "Electrolytic deposition of copper from acid solutions" discloses copper electrodeposition by means of continuous agitation of the electrolyte, particularly sweeping the surface of the vertical anodes with a mixture of sulfur dioxide gas and vapor, projected from orifices perforated in transversal lead pipes, disposed parallel to and under the anodes in the cell, with the orifices oriented in such a manner that the fluid emerges in an oblique angle striking the surface of the anodes, forcing continually the electrolyte circulation with maximum agitation and turbulence occurring by impact of the mixture directly on the faces of the anodes.
Document U.S. Pat. No. 3,928,152, published Dec. 23, 1975, titled "Method for the electrolytic recovery of metal employing improved electrolyte convection", describes a method of high quality copper electrodeposition on permanent cathodes plates at very high current densities. To achieve high productivity the separation between electrodes is reduced to a minimum with separators—distancers that position them exactly relative to each other, and simultaneously, provide very aggressive continuous agitation of the electrolyte by gas sparging tubes placed under each cathode, disposed to sweep the faces of the cathodes with curtains of bubbles that emerge from holes perforated in the tubes.
Document U.S. Pat. No. 3,959,112 published May 25, 1976, under the title "Device for providing uniform air distribution in air-agitated electrowinning cells", discloses air bubbling devices placed transversely to the cell length parallel on both faces of the cathodes just below their lower edge. The device comprises rigid perforated tubes that allow discharging air in bubbles of relatively large diameter with minimum pressure loss, whereby said tubes are enclosed externally with sleeves of larger diameter permeable material that oppose resistance and restrict the passage of the air bubbles, forcing them to emerge continuously from the sleeves as curtains of very fine bubbles that then sweep vertically both faces of the cathode and thus inhibiting the formation of rugosities on the metal deposit.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,120, published Apr. 21, 1981, under the title "Electrolytic cell for the recovery of non ferrous metals and an improved anode therefor", discloses the operation of the process with electrolyte agitation by means of perforated gas bubbler tubes placed parallel under the anodes to create ascending electrolyte turbulence in the interfaces of the electrodes.
Document CL 527-01, published Sep. 27, 2002, today patent CL 44.803 titled "System and method to capture and extract acid mist from polymer concrete containers, were the side, frontal and back walls are modified to allow horizontal seat of a thermal cover that forms a chamber connected to extraction ducts, method of fabrication and container for such purpose", discloses an electrolytic cell that comprises among other elements, a duct for injection of fresh air with gas diffusers installed parallel, and in a plane in the inferior portion of the cell, that directs the air bubbles under the electrodes.
Document CL 2140-2004, published Jul. 27, 2006, (equivalent to document WO 2005/019502) titled "Method to operate and electrolytic cell . . . " discloses gas diffusers for the transfer by gas bubbling to liquid means comprising an element consisting of a body of cylindrical connection that is prolonged in a tube conical zone ending in a closed end; between the cylindrical zone and the end zone there is a multi perforated separation wall trough which from the interior of the cylindrical body air circulates at constant pressure and velocity, generating a gas stream that distributes forming gas minijets.
Document CL 727-2006 published Jul. 7, 2006, titled "Electrolyte agitating device that consists of a reticulated structure, flat and of regular plant, formed of non electric conducting polymer composite materials resistant to corrosion, and, comprising an isobaric gas distribution ring, gas diffuser means; and electrolyte agitation system", discloses an electrolyte agitation apparatus immersed in containers for electrolytic cell used in the processes of electrowinning and electrorefining of non ferrous metal, formed by pipes of anticorrosive and non conducting materials, joined by connecting elements, were said joined pipes are crossed over from one side to the other by gas diffuser means, were said joined pipes and connected elements form and isobaric ring, which is encapsulated in the interior of a shape formed monolithically of anticorrosive dielectric polymer composite material, forming one flat, perimetral parallelepiped structure, homologous to the shape of the bottom of the container, where said perimetral structure is reticulated to impart rigidity and necessary structural resistance to be self supporting.
Document CL 0025-2008 published Mar. 18, 2008, discloses an aeration system by microbubbles for the electrowinning of copper at high current density, comprising independent pipes for the electrolyte, and connected together by spray nozzles for jetting the mixture of electrolyte-air to the interior of the cell and a line of aspiration and a pulse generator.
Document CL 00642-2007, published Oct. 26, 2007, describes equipment for the circulation of electrolyte and gases in an electrolytic cell, comprises perforated tubing for the circulation of electrolyte and one or more circuit of perforated tubing for gas injection affixed to a supporting structure with a plurality of guides for anodes and cathodes allowing the introduction and retrieval from the cell.
In general, in all prior art described, notwithstanding advantages disclosed in the results of electrodeposition with air bubbles sparged in the electrolyte, all solutions disclosed are oriented to describing the supply of aereation inside a single cell. None of the documents cited approaches the problem involved in generating air centrally and distributing air dosed exactly to each individual cell in a group of cells, in a bay of cells or in general, in an electrowinning or electrorefining plant, where each electrolytic cell demands an individual predetermined air flow.
In industrial electrowinning or electrorefining plants, the aereation equipment used in the cells can—abruptly or progressively—change its pneumatic characteristics within its service life, thereby requiring systematic individual adjustment or replacement whenever the original characteristics are lost or as they get damaged by other causes. It is well known in the art that successful operation of the cells require harmonization of several operational parameters until the desired electrodeposition results are obtained; and once established, such harmony must be duly adjusted and controlled in time following an operational management protocol of principal variables such as: cell voltage, current density, electrolyte temperature, copper tenor, pH and flow, among others. It is these parameters that determine the quality of copper deposit obtained on the cathodes at harvest time. With the introduction of gentle aereation in the cells an additional parameter is added to the operational management protocol that also needs the same harmonization, control and adjustment together with the others just mentioned, such as the homogeneous and controlled gas diffusion, preferably air, from a horizontal plane near the bottom of the cell under the electrodes, enhancing convection that favors the results of metallic electrodeposition. In practice, all these parameters are adjusted according to the electrodeposition results actually obtained on the cathodes. In as much as the overall cathode metal quality improves, the parameters are maintained stable during the operation of the cell, and are only adjusted to overcome unfavorable trends in the quality of harvested cathodes. The variability depends not only on the parameters of the generic electrodeposition process but also on the condition of wear and tear, useful life and replacement of the cell proper and its associated equipment. This explains the difficulty and complexity in correctly harmonizing these parameters well for each cell within a plant, specially maintaining them steady and uniform in each cell, and therefore, it is absolutely necessary to provide means, systems and methods for constantly monitoring them in real time. Accordingly by the facts presented, the volume of air that each individual cell demands is variable in time according to the pneumatic characteristics of its diffusion mean, and therefore, it becomes necessary to determine for each cell, the optimal flow that each must receive so as to obtain uniform and sustained electrodeposition results from all the cells in a plant.

Installation and industrial operation of an air supply system to dose given air flows to each individual cell of a set of electrolytic cells


Hollow vector support multifunctional protection devices and systems for minimally invasive surgery are disclosed. In an embodiment, a hollow vector support multifunctional protection device includes a protective head, a pitching mechanism for the protective head, an inner cylinder, an axial movement mechanism for the inner cylinder, and a shell. The protective head includes a flap ring, a plurality of first rotating shafts, a plurality of flaps uniformly arranged on the flap ring through the first rotating shafts, and a torsion spring arranged on the first rotating shafts. The torsion spring is configured to provide a force for opening the plurality of flaps along the first rotating shafts, and the first rotating shafts are provided with limiting structures configured to limit a maximum opening degree of the flaps.

It has been reported in the literature that, in recent years, the incidence of cavity and intestinal tracts diseases has increased year by year, especially malignant lesions, which may invade and compress the cavity and intestinal tracts and even obstruct the narrow part of the cavity and intestinal tracts, and may cause difficulty in food digestion absorption and defecation, seriously affecting people's life and quality of life. Approximately 1,000,000 new cases of intestinal malignant lesions occur annually throughout the world, with 7% to 29% of patients presenting with initial symptoms of acute complete or incomplete ileus. Because for intestinal obstruction, especially colorectal obstruction, preoperative intestinal preparation is not available, clinical treatment is difficult, and postoperative anastomotic leakage and serious infection are likely to occur, which is the most fundamental problem in surgical management of intestinal obstruction.
With the continuous progress of medical technology, endoscopic surgery and related surgical devices have become more and more popular. Exemplary devices include laparoscope, thoracoscope, esophagoscope, bronchoscope, gastroscope, enteroscope, cystoscope, hysteroscope, et cetera, which have laid the foundation for the implementation of minimally invasive surgery. However, for diseases of intestinal obstruction or extremely narrow lesion sites, the implementation of endoscopic surgery is difficult. For this reason, many domestic and international scholars have developed various methods of intraoperative proximal cavity and intestinal tract decompression and lavage, such as intraoperative cavity and intestinal tract lavage, temporary proximal colostomy, intraoperative transanal intubation decompression, postoperative decompression by preserving anal canal, et cetera. The development of the above methods provides conditions for the implementation of endoscopic surgery and is clinically popularized, but the above methods still have the defects of long operation time, pollution of abdominal cavities, disturbance of the internal environment of organisms due to losing of intestinal electrolytes and the like. It is reported, both domestically and internationally, that a variety of metallic stents have also been used as supports in the treatment of intestinal obstruction, i.e. placing a mesh stent at the site of intestinal stenosis to open the intestinal tract, so as to restore the site of stenosis or obstruction to patency, which creates conditions for surgery. The intestinal stent is suitable for patients with duodenal, small intestine, colon, rectal stricture obstruction and anastomotic stenosis caused by invasion, compression of advanced abdominal malignant tumors or other malignant lesions, et cetera, but its effect is single and narrow. At present, for the operation of the pharynx and larynx, a supporting laryngoscope is commonly used in clinic to examine the abnormality of the laryngeal structure in detail, to determine the location and range of the lesion, and to perform biopsy on the lesion tissue when necessary, but the functional indexes of the larynx cannot be obtained through examination, and the supporting laryngoscope is usually a rigid structure and thus must be used under the condition of general anesthesia of a patient. As a result, the application of the supporting laryngoscope is limited, and the supporting laryngoscope has a single and limited effect by only providing a passage for the operation.

Hollow vector support multifunctional protection device for minimally invasive surgery

Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology


Provided are a microprocessor suitable for constructing a multi-processor system and a method for controlling the reset and processor ID of the microprocessor. The microprocessor includes decoder receiving a reset ID having a predetermined binary value and a reset signal and decoding the reset ID, an ID generator receiving the decoding result of the decoder and generating at least one microprocessor ID and a reset ID of a microprocessor serially connected to the microprocessor, and a reset vector unit selecting a reset vector according to the decoding result of the decoder. The multi-processor system is constructed such that independent microprocessors of the system respectively generate their own reset vectors and processor IDs when a reset signal is input to the multi-processor system to initialize it. Thus, all the microprocessors of the system can be simultaneously started up when the reset signal is disabled. Accordingly, a resetting process in the multi-processor system is simplified, a period of time required for starting up the microprocessor is reduced, and the multi-processor system is easily designed.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a microprocessor capable of constructing a multi-microprocessor system having a plurality of microprocessors connected in series, and more particularly, to a microprocessor suitable for constructing a multi-microprocessor system in which a microprocessor receives reset information from the previous microprocessor, selects its own reset vector from a reset vector table and simultaneously generates its own processor ID and a reset ID to be transmitted to the next microprocessor.
2. Description of the Related Art
In a conventional multi-processor system, all of microprocessors of the system have the same reset vector. Accordingly, the multi-processor system must use a arbiter that makes the microprocessors of the system use a single reset vector to allow the microprocessors to be sequentially started up using an external complicated algorithm. Furthermore, when the multi-processor system uses a shared system bus, the respective microprocessors must have their own processor IDs in order to use the shared system bus. In this case, an additional arbiter is also needed to arbitrate the access of the microprocessors to the shared system bus.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,314,515 B1 applied by Compaq Computer Corporation and entitled "Resetting Multiple Processors in a Computer System" discloses a system using two processors P1 and PZ. In this system, a reset signal required for initializing the system is applied to the processor P1 to start up the processor P1 while the processor PZ is held using an inter-processor communication module such that the processor P1 ends a process required for initializing the system and then the processor PZ is started. That is, this system has an external inter-processor communication module for initializing more than two processors and holds one of the processors while the other processor is started up to secure initialization of the processors. However, this technique has shortcomings that initialization of the processors must be arbitrated using a complicated external arbiter circuit and algorithm and only one processor can be started at a time.
Japanese Patent No. 11-21068 applied by Doshiba Corporation and entitled "Reset vector switching method and information processor using the same" discloses a technique that receives a plurality of reset signals, generates a reset vector in response to the reset signals and changes an initialization address of a microprocessor in response to a reset signal input when the microprocessor is started. This technique requires a plurality of reset signals and prevents erroneous initialization of a program due to hardware failure in a single processor system. However, this technique must use an external arbiter similar to the arbiter of the aforementioned U.S. Patent to be applied to a multi-processor system.
Korean Patent No. 10-0201399 applied by LG Semiconductor Corporation and entitled "Reset interrupt circuit" discloses a system that receives port state inputs in addition to a reset signal and combines the port state inputs to select a new reset vector. This technique requires a plurality of port state inputs, selects a program in response to the state of external hardware and initializes the selected program in a single processor system. This system also needs an external arbiter similar to that of the aforementioned U.S. Patent system to be applied to a multi-processor system.

Multi-processor system and method for controlling reset and processor ID thereof

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute


A process to manufacture and coat a sodium carbonate perhydrate containing 10.5% to 14% active oxygen which is stable in a non-phosphate detergent composition and which has a bulk density of from 900 to 1,050 kg/m.sup.3. Anhydrous sodium carbonate with a pore volume of at least 0.29 ml/g is contacted with 50% to 75% by weight hydrogen peroxide in the presence of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and water is evaporated at a rate to maintain a dry reaction mixture. The product is coated by sparging sodium borosilicate at a rate to avoid moistening the particles.

Sodium carbonate perhydrate has been recognized to be a desirable component for a detergent composition because it is readily soluble in water, because it has a high active oxygen content, and because it also provides an inexpensive source of nonpolluting alkalinity. Pure sodium carbonate perhydrate conforms to the chemical formula 2Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3.3H.sub.2 O.sub.2 which contains 15.28% active oxygen (AO). However, sodium carbonate perhydrate generally requires a coating to protect it from decomposition when formulated into a detergent and stored in an open container in a laundry room.
Numerous processes have been proposed for manufacturing sodium carbonate perhydrate (SCP). One of the primary methods is a crystallization process in which aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide and sodium carbonate are mixed in a reactor and the SCP formed is filtered off. The product is usually salted out by the addition of sodium chloride or other suitable reagents. Such processes are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,380,620 and 2,541,733. While the crystallization process can produce a product with a bulk density of 900 kg/m.sup.3 or more and offers advantages such as good mixing and heat transfer, it has the disadvantage that there typically is a substantial loss of active oxygen in the mother liquor, so that low peroxygen efficiencies are obtained. That is, conversion of hydrogen peroxide utilized to active oxygen in the finished product is low.
In another method, taught by U.S. Pat. No. 3,555,696, SCP is made by a spray-drying process in which hydrogen peroxide solution is added immediately before atomization of a spray charge of sodium carbonate in a spray tower. Thereafter the product SCP is dried, yielding a very dusty product with a very low bulk density.
It is apparent from the prior art that large volumes of mother liquor are to be avoided. A process yielding high peroxygen efficiencies usually uses only a sufficiently large amount of water to act as a reaction medium and to provide a heat sink for the heat of reaction.
The desire to minimize the amount of water in the reaction system has led to exploration of the so-called "dry" method. However, when the reaction is carried out in the absence of a sufficient amount of water, the reaction is not efficient and decomposition losses are quite high. In the dry method, hydrogen peroxide is sprinkled directly onto sodium carbonate powder to form a moist mass, the mass is then dried. The procedure may be repeated to build up the oxygen content of the perhydrate. Attempts to operate such a process have produced only unsatisfactory perhydrate products with a low bulk density and thus the process is not in commercial use insofar as is known. Typical dry processes are taught in U.S. Pat. No. 3,864,454, in which it is necessary to dry the product in carbon dioxide and in European Patent Application 0070711, in which the reaction mixture is maintained in a vacuum before drying. In accordance with East German patent 212,947, the product is so fine that a separate recycling granulation step is required. On the other hand, U.S. Pat. No. 4,171,280 avoids the heat sink problem by restricting the amount of hydrogen peroxide to provide a maximum active oxygen content of the product to 6%, thereby avoiding decomposition and caking of wet reaction mixtures.
The dry process for the formation of SCP has a basic deficiency, namely, the difficulty of proper heat transfer of the exotherms that are generated as a result of the reaction. Reaction between aqueous hydrogen peroxide and solid soda ash generates an exotherm in two ways: the heat of hydration of sodium carbonate with the water present in hydrogen peroxide, and the heat of perhydration, that is, the reaction of sodium carbonate with hydrogen peroxide to produce sodium carbonate perhydrate. Both these heats tend to increase the reaction temperature quite markedly, particularly in the absence of efficient mixing and/or cooling.
Dusting is another problem associated with the dry process. When finely divided soda ash is sprinkled with hydrogen peroxide solution and mixed very efficiently to dissipate the heat, a large amount of dust is formed. This results in low peroxygen efficiency and/or a product having low active oxygen values. On the other hand, if granular, dense soda ash is used, the dusting effects are less but the reaction becomes relatively inefficient. In either case, the product tends to agglomerate to form a product with a low bulk density.
A hybrid process combining the dry process and the wet process is taught by U.S. Pat. No. 3,860,694 in which anhydrous or hydrated sodium carbonate having a particle size distribution between U.S. Standard Sieve No. 14 and 325 is contacted with from 35% to 90% hydrogen peroxide, a magnesium stabilizer, and sufficient water to maintain the reaction mass moist. The moist reaction mass is reacted from 5 minutes to 3 hours. Subsequently the moist reaction is dried.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,970,058, teaches a sodium carbonate perhydrate process in which hydrogen peroxide, anhydrous sodium carbonate, and a diphosphonic acid are reacted to make a composition in which sufficient anhydrous sodium carbonate is present to react with any water either already present in the composition, or any water which may be formed from the hydrogen peroxide. The diphosphonic acid appears to permit any water present during the manufacture from being retained as sodium carbonate monohydrate. The process provides high peroxygen efficiency, low dusting and the product is very stable on storage. Its only apparent disadvantage is the maximum active oxygen concentration is about 11.2%. It is desirable to have a product with an active oxygen content higher than 11.2%.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,045,296 teaches a process for SCP by uniformly distributing aqueous 50% to 75% hydrogen peroxide and 11/2% to 13% by weight of a diphosphonic acid onto a dry, particulate reaction mixture of anhydrous sodium carbonate with a particle size distribution between 300 and 74 micrometers. The process concurrently balances the heats of hydration and of perhydration of sodium carbonate and the heat of evaporation of water to maintain the reaction mixture between 50.degree. C. and 80.degree. C. to evaporate substantially all of the water from the resulting reaction mixture and cooling the resulting reaction mixture to provide said product as a free-flowing, stable, granular material with a particle size distribution substantially the same as the anhydrous sodium carbonate, and containing between 13% and 141/2% active oxygen.
Coating SCP to minimize decomposition when formulated into a detergent not only has the obvious disadvantage of diluting the overall active oxygen content, but also has added disadvantages. These disadvantages include reducing the bulk density because of agglomerating the particles and retarding the rate of release of active oxygen into the solution.
It has been suggested that particles of peroxygen compounds be coated by compounds, such as trona (U.S. Pat. No. 4,105,827); sodium silicate (U.S. Pat. No. 3,951,838); sodium perborate plus sodium silicate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,194,025); boric acid (U.S. Pat. No. 4,321,301); wax (U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,669); a polymer latex (U.S. Pat. No. 4,759,956); sodium silicate plus a chelate (U.S. Pat. No. 4,117,087); and wax plus a fatty acid (U.S. Pat. No. 4,126,717). Many of these treatments show some improvement in short term storage stability in a humid environment. Those few coated SCP products that were stable when formulated into a dry household laundry detergent were found to release their active oxygen when added to water too slowly to be of value in a laundry detergent formulation.
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 5,194,176 filed Apr. 2, 1991 teaches a storage-stable compound of 45% to 75% sodium carbonate perhydrate, 0.1% to 3% diphosphonic acid or salt and anhydrous sodium carbonate coated with sodium borosilicate.
The composition is storage-stable, but has the disadvantage of a low assay.

Process for manufacturing sodium carbonate perhydrate particles and coating them with sodium borosilicate


Automatic infusion set for continuously infusing liquid medicine of double bottles, including a hollow circular barrel and a float-type sealing valve disposed in the circular barrel. The sealing valve has an I-shaped cross-section for reducing contacting area with inner wall of the circular barrel and preventing the sealing valve from attaching to the inner wall. A rubber-made membrane is disposed on each of two end faces of the sealing valve. An A bottle infusion catheter is passed through the circumference of a lower section of the circular barrel near the cap member at bottom end of the circular barrel, whereby the liquid medicine in double bottles can be automatic continuously infused and it is unnecessary to replace the exhausted drop bottle to save time. Moreover, the air in the vacant drop bottle is prevented from entering the vessels of a patient to lead to thrombosis.

The present invention relates to an infusion set, and more particularly to an automatic infusion set for continuously infusing liquid medicine of double bottles.
FIG. 1 shows a conventional drop bottle 3 and a cooperative infusion barrel 4 for intravenous injection. The amount of the infused liquid medicine must be controlled in accordance with the symptoms of a patient. In case that excessive amount or insufficient amount of liquid medicine is infused or there is no sealing valve, the air in the infusion barrel 4 may enter human body and lead to thrombosis. The infusion barrel 4 is connected with one drop bottle 3 via an upper plastic catheter 40. The drop bottle 3 is hung on a fixed position by means of an auxiliary cord. The lower end of the infusion barrel 4 is connected with a drop chamber 41 which is connected with a lower plastic catheter 40. The other end of the lower catheter 40 is fixed at a specific position of the patient.
The above structure has some shortcomings as follows:
1. The infusion barrel is generally connected with one single drop bottle. In the case that a patient needs to be continuously infused with multiple bottles of liquid medicine, after the liquid medicine in the first drop bottle is exhausted, it will be necessary to replace the drop bottle with a new one and again connect the catheter with the new drop bottle for further infusion. Such procedure is troublesome and time-consuming.
2. Such infusion barrel is equipped with any sealing valve. In case that the liquid medicine is totally infused and a medical guardian fails to notice this situation, the air in the vacant drop bottle will be filled into the vessels of the patient to lead to thrombosis.
It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to provide an automatic infusion set for continuously infusing liquid medicine of double bottles. The infusion set includes a hollow circular barrel and a float-type sealing valve disposed in the circular barrel. An A bottle infusion catheter is passed through the circumference of a lower section of the circular barrel near a cap member at bottom end of the circular barrel. The A bottle infusion catheter is connected to a second drop bottle, whereby the infusion can be connected with double drop bottles. After the liquid medicine in a first drop bottle is exhausted, the liquid medicine in the second drop bottle is automatically continuously infused. Therefore, it is unnecessary to replace the exhausted drop bottle and the time is saved.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the above infusion set in which the float-type sealing valve disposed in the circular barrel is able to ensure safety in use of the infusion set.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide the above infusion set in which the sealing valve has an I-shaped cross-section for reducing contacting area with inner wall of the circular barrel and preventing the sealing valve from attaching to the inner wall.

5 Fl., No. 7, Alley 65, Lane 71, Jiang-nan St.


The subject mater herein relates to oil well testing and, more particularly, automated oil well test classification. Various embodiments described herein provide systems, methods, and software for statistical analysis and classification of oil well tests. Some embodiments include receiving a first set of oil well test results from one or more measurement devices of a well test separator, storing the first set of oil well test results in a database, and annotating one or more tests of the first set oil well test results. The annotated test results are then used to build one or more classification models to enable automated oil well test classification as new oil well tests are performed.

Testing of oil wells, which are located in one production facility, generates a stream of measurements that are taken continually on well test separator equipment and associated piping system. If efficiently processed, this data stream can indicate specific operational issues, such as faults, influences between adjacent wells, and changing reservoir conditions. Wells of a given production facility are tested in a closed sequence and each test takes a specified time interval. Usually, there are multiple relevant characteristics that must be taken into account. Primarily, the test-internal time series sampled during the specified time interval characterize the test itself. The representative statistical characteristics should also be compared with the long-term production trends on a given well. There are also faults—such as when oil is being dumped out the water leg—that introduce specific features into the data stream. In general, the analysis of the well test data stream is a complex task and is primarily performed manually. Given the number of wells in a typical production facility, it is difficult to perform the analysis efficiently and in a timely manner.


A firearm, namely an automatic pistol such as a Model 1911, 1911 Al or the like structured to include a first portion of an elongate spring rod mounted in a space in a grip panel, and a second portion of the spring rod positioned within a notch in a thumb safety lever adjacent the grip panel. The spring rod is positioned to continuously bias the safety lever into the on-safe position wherein components of the pistol such as the hammer and trigger are locked to prevent discharge of the pistol. The safety is normally-on so that the pistol cannot be discharged absent the shooter intentionally and continuously depressing the safety lever into the off-safe position in order to discharge the pistol. The safety lever is continually biased by the spring into the safety-on position, thereby the shooter must continue to depress the thumb safety lever, overriding the spring, in order to discharge the pistol. Generally instantaneously upon the shooter releasing the safety lever, the spring returns the safety into the safe-on position wherein again the pistol cannot be discharged. In one preferred embodiment are two safety levers identically functional, one on each side of the pistol frame near the grip panels to allow the pistol to be considered ambidextrous to provide advantages to both left and right handed shooters in critical self-defense situations. Methods describing the ready converting of existing pre-manufactured pistols to include normally-on, momentary-off safeties are also disclosed.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to firearms such as pistols having manually manipulable safety mechanisms operable by the shooter's thumb of the pistol grasping hand. Methods of or for readily converting existing pistols to include normally-on, momentary-off safety mechanics in accordance with the invention are also disclosed.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Prior art devices referred to as manual safeties for firearms generally fall into two categories. The first category are those safeties which are present on the firearm and are deactivated or placed into the "off safe" position by the shooter merely grasping or mounting the firearm in the shooting hand of the shooter. A good example of this type of safety is the "grip lever" safety as seen in U.S. Pat. No. 984,519 issued Feb. 14, 1911 to John M. Browning. The purpose of this type of safety on pistols is to prevent the pistol from discharging when the pistol chamber is loaded, ready to fire and the pistol is not properly positioned in the hand of the shooter.
The second category of safeties are those which are manually activated or deactivated by the decision of the shooter. These manual safeties are characteristically situated on the frame or the slide of the pistol in the proximate area of where the shooter's thumb is positioned when the pistol is maintained in the proper method of gripping the pistol. These manual safeties are positioned so as to allow their manipulation by the thumb of the shooter without compromising the secure grasp of the pistol allowing it to be held in readiness for immediate use. These manually operated thumb safeties have two positions, that being the "on safe" or activated position and the "off safe" or deactivated position. These safeties are held in one of these positions, usually by a spring-loaded mechanical device designed into the pistol, until the shooter changes the position of the safety of his own volition.
A good example of a pistol equipped with both a grip lever safety and a frame mounted thumb safety is seen in U.S. Pat. No. 1,070,582 issued Aug. 19, 1913 to John M. Browning. This Browning pistol is for all practical purposes the pistol known as the Government Model of 1911 or the Model 1911 A1 pistol. This pistol may be kept or stored in several conditions of readiness for use. By far the most advantageous condition for the purpose of self defense is with a loaded magazine, loaded chamber with the hammer at full cock and with the thumb safety in the activated, or "on safe," position. When the pistol is in this condition the pistol operator can best bring the pistol into immediate use by grasping the pistol by its grip, which deactivates the aforementioned grip safety lever by pressing it down into the deactivated or "off safe" position, then pushing off the thumb safety with the thumb of the shooting hand and pressing the trigger when the pistol sights have been aligned on the selected target. When the thumb safety is pressed down into the off position it is held there by a detent designed into the thumb safety which when in this position is aligned with a spring loaded plunger mounted on the frame of the pistol. The thumb safety is secured in the "off safe" position by this detent and plunger arrangement until pushed, intentionally or inadvertently, into the activated or "on safe" position by the thumb of the shooter.
Other examples of prior art which typify attempts to increase the potential safety of the aforementioned Browning designed pistol (U.S. Pat. No. 1,070,582) can be seen in U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,080 issued Dec. 1, 1964 to George H. Freed. In his attempt to make the pistol safer to use Freed compliments the manual or thumb safety on the pistol by attaching a rotating linkage which on one end is manipulated by the thumb of the shooter while the thumb is positioned at a lower position on the grip panel of the pistol. The movement of the linkage by the thumb can move the thumb safety to its on or off position as desired by the shooter. The mechanical nature and operation of the thumb safety is not altered with this device. The prime advantage of Freed's design is apparently to allow the shooter to control the thumb safety while keeping the thumb at a lower position on the grip of the pistol. An obvious disadvantage to the design is that while the device may allow easier manipulation of the thumb safety for some shooters the device also increases the likelihood of the thumb safety being inadvertently pushed into its "off safe" or deactivated position by nature of its added dimension to the grip panel of the pistol while the pistol is carried on the person of the shooter.
Another example of prior art which attempts to increase the potential safety of the Model 1911 style pistol can be seen in U.S. Pat. No. 5,090,147 issued Feb. 25, 1992 to Walter Pastor. In his design Pastor recognizes the potential probability of accidental discharge with the pistol and presents a designed addition and alteration to the pistol which requires a distinct procedure to deactivate the inherent safeties on the pistol in order for it to be discharged. Pastor relates how the pistol can be carried on the person or kept in a readily accessible place and brought into action quickly. He presents the problem where if the pistol is kept or carried with a loaded chamber, the hammer cocked and the thumb safety on and the shooter grasps the pistol the thumb safety could be inadvertently deactivated by error. He adduces the shooter would then proceed in handling the pistol possibly unaware the thumb safety was deactivated. His design when added to a Colt 1911 Model pistol would prevent the thumb safety from being deactivated until his device, which takes the place and function of the grip safety, is itself deactivated first.
Yet another example of prior art which attempts to increase the potential safety of firearms in general is found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,422,254 issued Dec. 27, 1983 to Sidney J. McQueen. McQueen's design provides an additional manually operated mechanical safety to the firearm by providing an obstacle to the insertion of the trigger finger of the shooter into the trigger guard of the firearm. This device merely adds an additional mechanical obstruction to prevent the firearm from being discharged. For pistols which already have a manual safety inherent in their design this device would merely slow the shooter from bringing the pistol into action which could, as a consequence, endanger the pistol handler if he were under imminent attack by an assailant.
An example of prior art which requires a constant and deliberate action in order for the pistol to be discharged is found in U.S. Pat. No. 978,092 issued Dec. 6, 1910 to Joseph H. Wesson. Wesson's design prevents the discharge of the pistol unless a thumb lever is constantly depressed by the thumb of the shooter. It is apparent when looking at Wesson's patent that his device is to be designed into the internal mechanism of the pistol thereby blocking the internal operating parts of the pistol to keep it from discharging until, and unless, the shooter depresses an external latch or lever mounted on the exterior of the frame of the pistol by the thumb or a finger of the shooter. This latch or lever must then be held or depressed into a particular position in order for the pistol to be discharged.
Wesson does not describe how to modify or restructure an already manufactured and existing pistol to include a normally-on, momentary-off safety, and particularly a Model 1911 or 1911 A1 pistol of which there are millions in existence. Wesson additionally fails to suggest or recognize the importance of having such a normally-on, momentary-off type safety arranged such that the safety can be deactivated to allow firing of the firearm by either of the shooter's single hands on the pistol wherein the shooter can use either the right or left hand on the same pistol, such as with ambidextrous type safeties.
A pistol such as Wesson's of U.S. Pat. No. 978,092 having the normally-on, momentary-off safety with the thumb depressible safety release lever on only one side of the pistol has shortcomings which become apparent under certain critical self defense conditions. For example, if the shooter normally shoots with his right hand and the thumb safety lever is a normally-on, momentary-off safety and is only on the left side of the pistol frame as shown and described by Wesson, and the shooter's right hand or right thumb should become disabled during a critical period of self-defense, then, due to the injury the shooter would not be able to hold the pistol in his right hand and depress the left side thumb safety lever to fire the pistol. However, if the pistol were to include two functionally identical thumb safety levers, one lever on either side of the frame (as herein described as one embodiment of the present invention) and is normally on-safe, momentary-off, then the injured shooter could switch hands on the pistol and still be able to depress the thumb safety lever and discharge the firearm, a situation wherein it can be appreciated that absent the second safety lever on the other side of the pistol frame and with the pistol having the normally-on safety, the shooter would be unable to defeat the safety and fire the pistol with his single remaining uninjured hand and thumb, and therefore there could be very serious consequences absent such a pistol being ambidextrously arranged. Another reason for having a pistol normally safe-on, momentary-off and ambidextrous in regards to the thumb safety levers to defeat the safety, is that when a right hand shooter is taking cover behind an object such as a wall which terminates to the shooter's left side, the shooter taking cover because shots may be fired at him from an enemy, the right hand shooter in order to shoot beyond the wall would need to maintain the pistol in his right hand in order to be able to defeat the normally on-safe thumb safety lever on the left side of the frame with his right thumb, and such would require the shooter to expose much more of his body as a potential target in shooting around the edge of the wall than if the pistol were arranged ambidextrous or had a thumb safety lever also on the right side of the pistol frame. If in this scenario the pistol had both a left and right side thumb safety lever, the shooter could switch the pistol to his left hand and be able to place his left hand thumb atop the right side thumb safety lever to move the lever and pistol into the off-safe position wherein the shooter could fire the pistol around the edge of the wall with far less exposure of his head and chest as a potential target.
Additionally noteworthy in the prior art are pistols which include thumb manipulable safeties which are structured for ambidextrous use wherein a portion of the safety is positioned on each of two sides of the pistol to allow manual manipulation of the safety with either the right or left hand thumb. Such ambidextrous safeties are not known to have been structured to have any "normal" position, but are structured to be flipped into either on-safe or off-safe positions and to remain in such position until again flipped into the opposite position.
Most, if not all pistols manufactured having a single thumb safety levers have the thumb lever on the left side of the pistol or pistol frame for use of the pistol in the right hand. Such pistols have been difficult to use safely by left handed shooters, and thus ambidextrous safety levers, one lever on each side of the pistol were produced as after-market add-ons to allow left hand thumb control of the manual safety and shooting of the pistol.
Although there are other ambidextrous safety structures in use in the prior art, an example of an ambidextrous safety may be examined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,414,769 issued Nov. 15, 1983 to H. Mueschke.

Normally-on safety on a pistol, and method of converting a pistol to include a normally-on safety


A container for carrying and dispensing at least one zip tie includes a housing having a substantially cylindrical outer wall and opposing upper and lower walls defining a substantially hollow interior. A dispensing slot is formed in the outer wall, and a friction fit passage is formed on the outer wall adjacent to the dispensing slot.

This invention relates generally to containers for carrying and dispensing zip ties and more particularly to portable containers that can be carried by law enforcement, security, and military personnel.
Law enforcement, security, and military personnel often need to temporarily restrain potentially threatening human beings, and in some cases animals. Such personnel frequently use zip ties (also referred to as cable ties or flex ties) for such restraints. Zip ties are lighter and less expensive than traditional handcuffs. A zip tie generally comprises a flexible plastic strap having a head attached to one end. The opposite end of the strap is formed into a pointed tip that can be inserted into a slot formed in the head to create a loop. Once the pointed tip is inserted into the head, a locking mechanism (typically a ratchet of some sort) prevents the strap from being pulled back out of the head.
Currently, zip ties for use as restraining devices can be carried in either an initiated state (i.e., with the pointed end of the zip tie inserted into the head so as to initiate the locking mechanism) or an uninitiated state. An initiated zip tie will define a loop having a circumference measuring the approximate length of the zip tie, assuming the pointed end is inserted into the head just enough to initiate the locking mechanism. For example, a 22-inch zip tie (which is a commonly used length) would define a loop having a nearly 7 inch diameter and taking up an area of approximately 38 square inches. Thus, carrying initiated zip ties presents challenges in that they take up a large area and usually must be suspended from other equipment. Such suspended zip ties can easily fall off or get caught on other equipment, thereby endangering the user. Initiated zip ties are also difficult to conceal on a person while maintaining ease of deployment. Carrying uninitiated zip ties also presents difficulties because of their length. For instance, a 22-inch zip tie is difficult to conceal, and if concealed, is very difficult to effectively deploy.
Accordingly, there is a need for an apparatus for carrying at least one zip tie in a manner that allows for a relatively small volume, ease of concealment, and ease of deployment.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.


An apparatus for holding a surgical broach during a surgical broaching procedure comprises a handle body with a handle bearing surface formed on one end of the body, an elastically deformable link member, and a loading arrangement connected to the handle body. The loading arrangement is adapted to apply a tensile connecting force on the link member and the link member is adapted to apply the connecting force to the broach to be connected to the handle. The connecting force applied to the broach by the link member pulls the broach toward the handle body with the handle bearing surface mating with a corresponding bearing surface formed on the broach. The broach includes a latch surface by which the connecting force is applied to the broach with the link member.

This invention is directed to a surgical broaching tool or broach and an apparatus for holding a broach during a surgical broaching procedure, and particularly to a broach holding apparatus that can securely but releasably hold broaches of a variety of sizes. The invention also encompasses a method of securely but releasably holding a surgical broach.
Some orthopedic implantation procedures require a step of preparing an opening in a patient's bone for receiving an implant. Hip replacement surgery or arthroplasty, for example, requires the step of producing a longitudinal opening in the patient's femur for receiving a stem portion of a femoral prosthetic implant. The step of producing the opening includes first boring an initial opening and then impacting progressively larger sizes of broaching instruments or broaches into the opening until producing the desired shape for receiving the implant stem. A broach holding tool or instrument is connected to each broach and used to apply the impact required to insert and remove the broach.
Substantial impact to the broach is required to insert the broach into the femoral canal, and then withdraw the broach. The connection between the broach and broach holding tool therefore must be very secure. Yet is desirable that the broach be easily releasable from the broach holder so that a single broach holder can be used with several different broaches of different sizes and shapes. Also, it is desirable to use the fully seated final size broach as a guide for planing the upper surface of the femur and as a trail implant stem for verifying certain aspects of the artificial joint to be produced. The broach holder must be adapted to release from the broach in order to employ the inserted broach as a femur planning guide and trial stem. Finally, the broach holder must reconnect to the inserted broach in order to remove the broach from the femur.


In a general-purpose subscriber unit a data communication method provides management and control functions to allow communication between one of a plurality of software applications and a selected communication device, such as a radio frequency modem. Messages received by the modem may be routed and stored for designated ones of said applications, even if they are not currently active. Likewise, an application operating in background mode may generate messages which are stored, routed, and transmitted through the modem.

In communication systems where each subscriber unit executes one or more application software packages which share a communication device, means are necessary to provide centralized control of the shared device, to loosen coupling between communications functions and applications, to multiplex messages from applications to the device, and to route received messages to the appropriate application. Without such means, messages do not arrive at their intended destinations, either because they become "lost" (the recipient is not there to receive the message) or because they are "ambiguous" (the recipient cannot be identified). Under these conditions, applications malfunction and fail to interoperate.
Thus there is a significant need for communication programs that enable asynchronous communication between any of a plurality of software applications and a selected one of a variety of types of communication devices (e.g. RF modem, telephone modem, etc.).

Method for asynchronous application communication


A device for generating electricity includes a buoyant structure, a heave plate, at least one load carrying structure that is mechanically coupled to both the buoyant structure and the heave plate, and at least one magnetostrictive element. The magnetostrictive element is configured to to experienceforce changes applied by the load carrying structure caused by hydrodynamic forces acting on the device.

Heave plates (aka baffle plates or water entrapment plates) have been used extensively in the offshore space in order to damp the heave response of a body in a wave environment. The principle of operation is that the large plates, which are disposed such that their largest projected area is in a plane that is perpendicular to the heave direction, are attached below the surface of the water to limit (e.g., delay, dampen, decrease, etc.) motion in the heave direction. This adds to the effective mass of the system by adding a considerable drag force to the system at the location of the plate. In order for the plate to move in heave, the water around the plate must also be accelerated.

Magnetostrictive wave energy harvester with heave plate


A low-noise current sensor enables large dynamic range current measurements of alternating and direct current flows. The current sensor includes a first substrate, a first conductor, a magnetic flux conductor comprising a first portion orthogonal to the first conductor and a second portion, the second portion penetrating the first substrate, an inductive sensor comprising a first plurality of loops around the second portion of the magnetic flux conductor on the first substrate, wherein the first plurality of loops is orthogonal to the second portion of the magnetic flux conductor, and a Faraday cage that encloses the first plurality of loops and separates the first plurality of loops from the first conductor.

With the advances in wired and wireless networks enabling the "Internet of Things," it becomes clear that remote management would benefit from sensitive and accurate monitoring of current flow.
Advances in AC waveform analytics and embedded microcomputers have led to real-time in-depth circuit analyses, including electric motor management and precise power control. It is possible to use waveform analytics to estimate instantaneous power draw; and from the measurement of power consumption, real-world activity can be inferred more accurately than from other measures. For example, accurately sensing the first few cycles of an alternating current motor at start up will yield significantly more information when coupled with accelerometer data than the accelerometer data can yield by itself.
Accurate current waveforms and accelerometer data will directly yield data concerning gear trains, road conditions, inclines, gross vehicle mass and even details about a motor's physical condition and maintenance needs. These measurements can be collected and refined as historical models to become another layer of analytical tools which can be used for control, and to infer both maintenance and operational variances from expected norms.
Measuring low-frequency electrical current in a conductor is usually performed by exploiting one of two well known relationships associated with current flow. The first relationship is known as Ohm's Law and it relates voltage and current to a known resistance. One type of current sensor that uses Ohm's law to measure current is called a current shunt or a shunt current sensor. The voltage is measured across a known resistance: using the measured voltage as the dividend, the known resistance as the divisor, the value of the current as an RMS (Root Mean Square) quantity is the quotient. This method is problematic when high currents are measured, as even minimal calibrated resistances will convert power to heat by the current squared multiplied by the resistance (I2R) relationship, which can be significant and represents a loss of efficiency.
The second well known relationship for measuring low-frequency current is Faraday's Law. Faraday's Law states that a time-varying current flowing in a conductor causes a perfectly orthogonal flux emission of a magnetic wave which is proportional to the magnitude of current flow. The time-varying flux causes an induced voltage in a closed loop of wire that is cut by the flux. Capturing a representative measure of the flux emission can be accomplished using a suitably constructed cut loop (an antenna) terminated in a matching impedance. The complicating issues are arranging the antenna to be perfectly orthogonal and limiting the received magnetic emission to be the one intended to be captured.
Another, more recently discovered, relationship associated with current flow that offers a method of measurement is known as the Hall Effect. The Hall Effect is something of the same phenomena expressed as Faraday's Law, but this time the effect of the current flow-induced flux is measured within the conductor itself. The flow of current in a conductor causes a magnetic flux orthogonal to the flow of the current. The magnetic flux pushes the negatively charged electrons to one side of the conductor. The pressure of this push is directly related to the magnitude of the current flow. The resulting electric potential across the conductor at right angles to the flow of the current is measured as a voltage that accurately reflects the magnitude of the current flow. But as the current flows get larger, the small changes in the magnitude of the current flow result in very small changes in electric potential across the flow, which become indistinguishable from current-induced noise.
Hall Effect mechanisms enabling large current measurements make the simultaneous measurements of small currents difficult. Thus, measuring large dynamic ranges, which would enable large amplitudes to be measured with very high resolution, is difficult using Hall Effect mechanisms. The need for efficient, accurate and sensitive current sensors is not met by available sensors, including Hall Effect and discrete current loop sensors. Such devices lack dynamic range. This means that if the devices are configured to measure small currents, they cannot measure large ones. And if configured to measure large currents, they cannot resolve small ones.
The need for large dynamic range providing the simultaneous features of measuring large amplitudes with high resolution is problematic. One of the significant factors at play compounding the problem of a high resolution and large signal range is circuit noise composed of thermal noise and a combination of magnetic and electric field noise. As current amplitudes get larger within a circuit, coupling from one circuit path to another by radiated energy combined with I2R effects can render high resolution difficult to obtain.
Furthermore, the problems are exacerbated when attempting to measure high-current circuits using physically small sensors. Physically small Hall Effect sensors have limited maximum current capabilities and they also offer limited dynamic range. Physically small discrete current loops are very difficult to productize because of a lack of defined physical interface structures capable of carrying large currents.
Accurately measuring small differences in the magnitude of separate current flows is a challenge that cannot be overcome by conventional Hall Effect devices because of their limited dynamic range and inability to handle large currents. Current loops are also challenged to provide high resolution accurate measurement of large current flows because the radiated electromagnetic and electric field noise from nearby large current flows is seen as circuit noise that masks the fine-resolution signals.
Additionally, in the typical application of existing technology, the high resolution of large current flows using discrete components or wire is difficult because physically locating the loop sensor so as to be perfectly orthogonal and concentric to the flux path is beyond current manual or automated technologies. The challenge is the asymmetry of placement of the wires in the current loop field.
A special challenge for current loops lies in the high resolution of difference currents between two AC conductors, one the supply and one the return. Current Ground Fault Interrupter technologies implement simultaneous counter-windings around a common movable core that trips a circuit switch to open upon a detectable current level. The physical complexity and comparatively large size of simultaneous windings as alternative limits their use in low-cost, large-volume, high-current circuit applications demanding accurate high-resolution current-sensing capabilities.

Low-noise, large dynamic-range sensor for measuring current


Devices, systems, and methods for a vehicular safety system in autonomous vehicles are described. An example method for safely controlling a vehicle includes selecting, based on a first control command from a first vehicle control unit, an operating mode of the vehicle, and transmitting, based on the selecting, the operating mode to an autonomous driving system, wherein the first control command is generated based on input from a first plurality of sensors, and wherein the operating mode corresponds to one of (a) a default operating mode, (b) a minimal risk condition mode of a first type that configures the vehicle to pull over to a nearest pre-designated safety location, (c) a minimal risk condition mode of a second type that configures the vehicle to immediately stop in a current lane, or (d) a minimal risk condition mode of a third type that configures the vehicle to come to a gentle stop.

Autonomous vehicle navigation is a technology for sensing the position and movement of a vehicle and, based on the sensing, autonomously controlling the vehicle to navigate towards a destination. Autonomous vehicles have important applications in transportation of people, goods and services. A vehicle safety system that leverages redundancy to ensure continuous and robust autonomous operation is paramount for the safety of the vehicle and its passengers, as well as people and property in the vicinity of the vehicle.

Vehicle safety system for autonomous vehicles


An interlocking mechanism is provided for sliding rails mounted to a cabinet. Each sliding rail comprises an outer rail and an inner rail slidably attached to the outer rail. The interlocking mechanism includes a plurality of interlocking members each of which includes a driving portion and a retaining opening. The interlocking members are respectively attached to the sliding rails. A rod is resiliently and slidably attached to the cabinet. The rod includes a plurality of protrusions and a plurality of corresponding resilient members slantingly attached adjacent to one of the protrusions, corresponding to each interlocking member. The retaining opening comprises a guiding part and a retaining part. If one of the interlocking members moves, the resilient members corresponding to the other interlocking members can move to the corresponding retaining opening retaining parts to lock these interlocking members to prevent the corresponding sliding rails from sliding.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an interlocking mechanism for sliding rails, and more particularly to an interlocking mechanism disposed in a cabinet to interlock sliding rails.
2. Description of Related Art
Generally, servers are movably disposed in a cabinet on sliding rails and arranged vertically. The servers can be pushed into or pulled out of the cabinet easily. However, if several servers in the cabinet are pulled out, the center of gravity of the cabinet might shift, which may result in the cabinet tipping over.
What is needed, therefore, is an interlocking mechanism to prevent several servers of the cabinet from being pulled out.

Interlocking mechanism for sliding rails

Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (ShenZhen) Co., Ltd.


In one aspect, the present invention is directed to an osmotic pump that automatically provides an ascending release rate of active agent as the osmotic pump functions in an environment of operation and may be designed for implantation within a desired animal or human subject. An osmotic pump according to the present invention includes a reservoir, a rate controlling membrane, an expandable osmotic composition, an active agent formulation and an exit orifice. Once administered to an environment of operation, water passes through the rate controlling membrane and into the osmotic composition, which causes the osmotic composition to expand and expel the active agent formulation through the exit orifice at a rate that is directly proportional to the rate at which water passes through the rate controlling membrane. An osmotic pump according to the present invention permits the flow of water through the rate controlling membrane to increase automatically without the need for manipulation of the osmotic pump after administration. As the flow of water through the rate controlling membrane increases, the rate at which active agent is delivered from the osmotic pump will also increase proportionally.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to an osmotic pump capable of providing controlled delivery of a desired active agent. Specifically, the present invention includes an osmotic pump that is configured to automatically provide ascending release of active agent without the need for further manipulation of the osmotic pump after administration to an environment of operation.
2. State of the Art
The benefits provided by controlled delivery of active agents for the treatment of disease are well recognized in the art and various approaches have been taken to realize the goal of delivering active agents at desired rates over predetermined periods of time. One approach involves the use of implantable drug delivery devices. Controlled delivery of a beneficial agent from an implantable device over prolonged periods of time has several potential advantages. For instance, use of implantable delivery devices generally assures patient compliance, as implantable devices are not easily tampered with by the patient and can be designed to provide therapeutic doses of beneficial agent over periods of weeks, months, or even years without patient input. Moreover, because an implantable device may be placed only once during its functional life, implantable devices may offer reduced site irritation, fewer occupational hazards for patients and practitioners, reduced waste disposal hazards, decreased costs, and increased efficacy when compared to other parenteral administration techniques, such as injections, which require multiple administrations over relatively short time intervals.
Various different implantable controlled delivery devices are known in the art, and various different mechanisms have been employed for delivering active agent from implantable devices at a controlled rate over time. In one approach, implantable drug delivery devices are designed as diffusional systems. For example, subdermal implants for contraception that operate by diffusion are described by Philip D. Darney in Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 1991, 3:470–476. In particular, the Norplant® system requires the placement of six levonorgestrel-filled silastic implants under the skin and provides protection from conception for up to five years. The Norplant® implants operate by simple diffusion, that is, the active agent diffuses through the polymeric material at a rate that is controlled by the characteristics of the active agent formulation and the polymeric material. In addition, Darney describes biodegradable implants, namely Capranor™ and norethindrone pellets. These diffusional systems are designed to deliver contraceptives for about one year and then dissolve. The Capranor™ systems consist of poly(ε-capralactone) capsules that are filled with levonorgestrel and the pellets are 10% pure cholesterol with 90% norethindrone.
Implantable infusion pumps represent another approach to the design of implantable devices capable of providing controlled release of active agents over prolonged periods of time. Such pumps have been described for delivering drugs by intravenous, intra-arterial, intrathecal, intraperitoneal, intraspinal and epidural pathways. Implantable infusion pumps are usually surgically inserted into a subcutaneous pocket of tissue in the lower abdomen. Exemplary regulator-type implantable pumps capable of constant flow, adjustable flow, or programmable flow of active agent formulations include pumps available from, for example, Codman of Raynham, Mass., Medtronic of Minneapolis, Minn.; and Tricumed Medinzintechnik GmbH of Germany. Further examples of implantable infusion pumps are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,283,949; 5,976,109; and 5,836,935. Even further, implantable infusion pump systems for pain management, chemotherapy and insulin delivery are described in the BBI Newsletter, Vol. 17, No. 12, pages 209–211, December 1994. Implantable infusion pumps typically provide for more accurately controlled delivery than simple diffusional systems.
A particularly promising approach to controlled delivery of active agent from implanted devices involves osmotically driven devices. Such devices are typically simple in design, but capable of providing consistent and reproducible delivery of a range of active agents at a controlled rate over periods of days, weeks, months, or even years. Exemplary osmotic pumps that may be designed for implantation in a human or animal subject are described in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,234,693; 5,279,608; 5,336,057; 5,728,396; 5,985,305; 5,997,527; 5,997,902; 6,113,938; 6,132,420; 6,217,906; 6,261,584; 6,270,787; 6,287,295; and 6,375,978, which are assigned to ALZA corporation of Mountain View, Calif., and are incorporated in their entirety herein by reference.
Implantable osmotic delivery devices are commonly referred to as "osmotic pumps" and typically include a reservoir, an expandable osmotic material, a drug formulation, and at least one delivery orifice. Where the expandable osmotic material and the drug formulation are formed of separate materials, the expandable osmotic material and the drug formulation may be separated by a member, such as a piston, which is movable within the reservoir. At least a portion of the reservoir included in an osmotic pump is generally semipermeable, allowing water to be taken into the system while working to prevent or minimize the undesired escape of materials forming the expandable osmotic material or the drug formulation from the reservoir. The osmotic material included in an osmotic pump typically draws water from the environment of operation into the osmotic pump through the semipermeable portion of the reservoir. As water is drawn into the device, and in particular into the osmotic material, the osmotic material expands and drug formulation is discharged through the delivery orifice of the osmotic pump at a chosen release rate or release rate profile.
Though they have proven useful for providing drug delivery at controlled rates, implantable osmotic pumps have been typically designed to provide substantially zero-order release rates of a desired active agent. However, there are instances where it would be desirable to provide an implantable, controlled release delivery device that delivers active agent at an ascending release rate after the device is introduced into a desired environment of operation. As it is used herein, the term "environment of operation" refers to any environment into which an osmotic pump can be introduced and is capable of supporting operation of the osmotic pump over a desired period of time. In particular, an implantable device that provides an ascending release rate of drug would be useful for the delivery of drugs that require an increase in dose over time in order to maintain efficacy or where the subject would benefit from a dosing regimen that starts with a relatively low initial dose but progresses to or terminates with a relatively higher dose of drug.
In U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,436,091; 6,464,688; and 6,471,688 and in U.S. Patent Application Publication 2003/0032947 A1, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference, Harper et al. disclose implantable osmotic pumps that can be designed to allow the increase of the active agent release rate post implantation. However, the designs of the dosage forms described in these patent references are not without disadvantages. In particular, each of the designs disclosed in these references requires physical manipulation of the osmotic pump in order to increase the rate at which active agent is delivered post implantation. For example, the devices taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,436,091; 6,464,688; and 6,471,688 include multiple rate controlling membranes, with one or more rate controlling membranes being initially sealed from permeation by aqueous fluid from the environment of operation. To increase the release rate provided by such devices, the seal formed over one or more of the initially sealed rate controlling membranes is breached by, for example, a lancet inserted within the subject. Alternatively, U.S. patent application Publication 2003/0032947 A1 teaches implantable osmotic pumps that incorporate the piercing mechanisms necessary to compromise the seals initially formed over one or more rate controlling membranes included in the devices. Though such a design does not require insertion of a lancet, the physical manipulation required to actuate the integrated piercing mechanisms may still result in patient discomfort and introduces an amount of uncertainty as to whether the implant has been properly manipulated to cause an increase in rate at which active agent is delivered.
It would be an improvement in the art, therefore, to provide an implantable osmotic pump that provides an ascending release rate of active agent without the need for further manipulation post implantation. In particular, it would be desirable to provide an implantable osmotic pump that automatically provides a desired ascending release rate profile post implantation. Ideally, the design of such a device would not only facilitate delivery of a wide range of active agents and active agent formulations, but would also enable the fabrication of implantable osmotic pumps providing a wide range of different ascending release rates.

Osmotically driven active agent delivery device providing an ascending release profile


A heat exchanger includes a pair of header pipes spaced a predetermined distance away from each other, a plurality of tubes connected between the header pipes for defining flow paths for a heat exchanging medium and a plurality of fins installed between the tubes for radiating heat from the heat exchanging medium. Each of the header pipes includes a flat bottom portion formed with a plurality of apertures for receiving the plurality of tubes, a pair of vertical walls extending from both side ends of the flat bottom portion and having a plurality of grooves corresponding to the apertures for guiding the tubes, and curved portion extended from the walls and forming a hollow inner space by joining both side edges thereof. The header pipe is manufactured by forming a bottom and a pair of walls approximately perpendicular to the bottom at the side ends of the bottom by bending a sheet member coated with a cladding layer, forming a plurality of apertures for receiving a plurality of tubes in the bottom and a plurality of grooves for guiding the tubes and extending from the apertures in the walls, forming a curved portion by bending both side edges of the vertical walls, and joining the side edges of the curved portion by brazing.

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more particularly, to a heat exchanger having an improved header pipe and a manufacturing method of the header pipe.
Various types of heat exchangers such as a fin-tube type, a serpentine type and a parallel-flow type, are used depending on the characteristics of the heat exchange medium and the pressure in use. With freon gas used as the heat exchange medium being replaced by a heat exchange medium having an ozone depleting potential (ODP) of zero, the parallel-flow type heat exchanger is reputed to be most suitable due to its superior performance as well as small size and light weight.
FIG. 1 shows a general parallel-flow type heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 100 is comprised of a pair of header pipes 111 and 111' spaced by a predetermined distance and a plurality of flat tubes 112 which are disposed between the header pipes 111 and 111' to communicate therewith. The heat exchange medium flows through the header pipes 111 and 111' and the tubes 112. Fins 113 for enlarging the surface area for dissipating heat are formed between the tubes 112 and a cap 114 is provided at one end of each header pipe. The heat exchange medium is supplied via an inlet pipe 111a connected to the header pipes 111 and 111' and discharged via an outlet pipe 111a' after flowing through the header pipes 111 and 111' and the tubes 112. A baffle can be installed in the header pipes 111 and 111' to change the flow path of the heat exchange medium.
FIGS. 2A-2H schematically show a process of manufacturing a conventional header pipe for use in the heat exchanger 100 shown in FIG. 1, the process being disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,945,635.
In the manufacturing process of the conventional header pipe, an aluminum sheet member, which is coated with an aluminum cladding layer thereon, is employed. An aluminum sheet member 221 as shown in FIG. 2A has the length corresponding to the length of a complete header pipe and the width being the same as or larger than the circumference of the sectional area of a completed header pipe, respectively. In FIG. 2B, slits 222 for receiving a baffle (not shown) are formed in the aluminum sheet member 221. The baffle is inserted into the header pipe through the slit 222 to change or limit the flow path of the heat exchange medium. The formation of the slits 222 and the use of the baffle are optional.
In FIG. 2C, the mid-section along the length of the sheet member 221 is rolled to form a semi-cylindrical portion member 221a, and as shown in FIG. 2D, a plurality of tube connecting apertures 223 into which the tubes 112 are inserted are formed at predetermined intervals in the semi-cylindrical portion member 221a. Next, a rolling process is performed to flat portions member 221b where the slits 222 are formed to form the sheet member 221 into a cylinder form. Here, a header pipe 225 is completed in the shape shown in FIG. 2F, via the shape shown in FIG. 2E. FIG. 2G is a view for explaining the flat tubes 226 having the fins 227 arranged therebetween are assembled into the tube connecting apertures 223 formed in the header pipe 225. The coupled header pipe 225 and the tubes 226 are completely coupled by brazing. FIG. 2H is a cross section showing a state where the tube and the header pipe are coupled by brazing.
There are some problems in the header pipe 225 having the above structure due to its shape. First, in the process of manufacturing the tube connecting aperture 223 in the header pipe 225 using a press, as shown in FIG. 2H, deformation occurs around a burred portion 223' of the tube connecting aperture 223, or the contact thickness (t') of the tube and the header pipe becomes less than the thickness (t) of the header pipe 225 since the tube connecting aperture 223 is formed on a curved surface and not on a plane, and as a result, the tube connecting aperture ends up being angled rather than vertical. Accordingly, the coupling of the burred portion of the tube 226 and the inner surface of the tube connecting aperture 223 of the header pipe 225 becomes unstable, and thus, though the brazing is performed, the junction therebetween is rendered incomplete to thereby cause leakage of the heat exchange medium. Also, an unnecessary space is formed around the tube 226 inserted into the inside of the header pipe 225 so that the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium is lowered, the necessary amount of charge of the heat exchange medium is increased, and the size of the header pipe is increased. Thus, the miniaturization and lightness of the heat exchanger are hindered. Besides, it is difficult to adjust the depth to which the tube 226 is to be inserted into the header pipe 225 during manufacturing. Also, the area for brazing the tubes 226 to the header pipe 225 is limited only between the tubes and the apertures.
FIG. 3 shows a cross section of another conventional header pipe. The header pipe is manufactured by, first, rolling first and second sheet members 331 and 332 into a semi-cylindrical shape at a predetermined curvature and braze-coupling the sheet members 331 and 332. Both side edges of the first sheet member 331 are bent outward and again towards and overlaying the sheet member 332. The two sheet members are braze-coupled at positions indicated by reference numeral 334 between the inner surface of the bent portions 333 of the first sheet member 331 and the outer surface of both side edges of the second sheet member 332.
However, since the header pipe is constituted by separate members, a work process becomes complicated and the inside pressure of the header pipe is relatively lowered. Also, a complicated jig for joining the members is required when the members are put into a furnace for braze-coupling.

Method of manufacturing a header pipe for a heat exchanger


The purpose of the present invention is to increase accuracy of a specific test using an electronic microscope and improve work efficiency. Provided is a system that identifies test recipe information corresponding to an object to be tested on the basis of attribute information about a testing sample, and analyzes and evaluates the object to be tested contained in the testing sample by checking image data and element analysis data that are acquired by a measuring device in accordance with a control program for the test recipe information, against reference image data and reference element analysis data that are used as evaluation references for the object to be tested.

Hitherto known are sample inspections (which will hereinafter be also termed "specified inspections") involving use of electron microscopes in a variety of fields instanced by physics, chemistry, engineering, biology and medical science. The electron microscopes are exemplified by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM). An optical microscope uses mainly visible beams of light for observing a shape of the sample, and, by contrast, the electron microscope employs electron beams, which are shorter in wavelength than the visible beams of light, for observing the shape of the sample. Therefore, an inspection using the electron microscope enables the shape of the sample to be observed based on captured images with high resolutions as compared with the inspection using the optical microscope, and also enables microstructures on a nanometer basis to be specified, the microstructures being instanced by viruses contained in the sample, in which this specifying work was difficult so far to be attained by, e.g., the optical microscopes.
The electron microscope is combined with, e.g., an Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX: Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry) as an incidental equipment. The Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (which will hereinafter be abbreviated to the "EDX") is an apparatus configured to specify elements contained in a sample on the basis of characteristic X-rays generated due to electron beams with which an analysis target area of the sample is irradiated. The electron microscope is combined with the EDX, thereby enabling a qualitative analysis of an inspection object (harmful substances, foreign matters, bacteria, and other equivalent substances) based on a high-resolution captured image and a quantitative analysis based on a characteristic X-rays intensity distribution, with the result that inspection accuracy of the specified inspection is improved.
The qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis of the sample, which involve using the electron microscope, enable evaluation inspection of the foreign matters mixed in the course of manufacturing, e.g., a semiconductor chip, a wafer and other equivalent semiconductor products. It is also feasible to make the evaluation inspection of the harmful substances (instanced by asbestos) contained in the sample such building materials collected from a dismantling field and the evaluation inspection of tissues contained in the sample such as cells collected from a medical field.
It is to be noted that the following patent document exists as a document of the prior art, in which to describe a technology related to a technology to be described in this specification.

Support system for specified inspection, support method for specified inspection, and non-transitory computer readable medium