A bogie for locomotives is provided. Two wheelsets, each including a drive unit, are disposed in a bogie frame, wherein the wheelsets each include a wheelset shaft and two wheels. The drive unit comprises a motor unit and a transmission disposed to ride on an axle, and each motor unit is suspended at three points, namely at a main pivot point on the transverse beam of the bogie frame and two mounting points on a head beam of the bogie frame. Further, the motor unit is transversally elastically suspended; the transmission is mounted pivotally about the wheelset shaft but not displaceable along the wheelset shaft. The transmission is further connected to the motor unit by a transmission torque support, and the drive unit comprises a clutch by which the motor unit has a driving connection to the wheelset by the transmission.

The simplest type of suspension for drive units in this case is the nose-suspension drive. DE 195 30 155 A1 describes a solution of this type in which the motor is supported on one side by two nose bearings on the wheel axle of the driving wheels and is held on the bogie on the other side in a sprung manner. In this arrangement motor and transmission are disposed so as to ride on the axle. With this type of drive the mass of the motor and transmission rests for the most part unsprung on the wheelset. The disadvantage of this nose-bearing connection is that forces (accelerations) resulting from track unevennesses are transferred directly to the drive. This effect is amplified as the speed increases. Large unsprung masses or moments of inertia of the primarily sprung masses give rise to instabilities and very high forces between wheel and rails, thus making other solutions necessary.
The horizontal oscillation characteristics in particular become detrimentally noticeable at speeds in excess of approximately 140 km/h, wherein a translational oscillation having an amplitude that is directed transversely relative to the track is generally overlaid with a rotary oscillation about a perpendicular axis to produce a rocking motion.
This problem of running stability or running safety with regard to driven rail vehicles is addressed in various ways.
For example, use is frequently made of the effect that is generally known in technological terms as absorption, in order to influence lateral oscillations and rotary oscillations about the normal axis of the chassis and thereby significantly to improve the stability of the vehicle. In the case of absorption characteristic frequencies of the bogie or locomotive are overlaid and attenuated by the oscillation of an additional oscillating mass.
This effect is achieved by decoupling the masses of the drive from the rest of the chassis. In terms of operational running (unstable running characteristics), decoupling is primarily necessary at high speeds, which is why heavy locomotive drives having axle-mounted transmission operate at speeds of up to only 160 km/h at present.
In locomotive bogies for high speeds of up to and exceeding 300 km/h, use is made of e.g. fully sprung hollow shaft drives. In this case motor and transmission are decoupled from the wheelset and the transfer of force to the wheelset takes place via a hollow shaft which encloses the whole wheelset shaft. This solution is very expensive and heavy due to its complex, resource-intensive construction.
EP 0 444 016 B1 shows an example of such a solution. In this case the running motor and the flanged transmission are elastically suspended in the bogie frame via vertically disposed leaf springs in each case, and therefore act jointly as absorbers for lateral and rotary oscillations about the normal axis of the bogie. This solution has disadvantages in terms of the complex and resource-intensive construction, the considerable weight and the high costs caused by the requirement for the installation of a hollow shaft.
A bogie is known from EP 0 589 866 B1. In that case, however, the transmission is directly flanged onto the running motor and the motor transmission unit is suspended in the bogie by means of sprung elements. In addition to the considerable weight, the complex, resource-intensive construction and the high costs of this solution are disadvantageous.

Drive having axle-mounted transmission for high speeds


An optical rotary joint comprises a first collimator arrangement for coupling-on first light-waveguides, and a second collimator arrangement for coupling-on second light waveguides, with the second collimator arrangement being supported to be rotatable relative to the first collimator arrangement about a rotation axis. At least one derotating optical element is provided in the light path between the first collimator arrangement and the second collimator arrangement. At least one collimator arrangement comprises a rod-shaped lens that is fastened on a support plate so that the axis of the lens is tilted at a given angle relative to the rotation axis of the rotary joint.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a device for transmitting optical signals between units that are rotatable relative to each other. Devices of this kind are also referred to as being rotary couplings or rotary joints. It is intended that a plurality of signals be transmitted simultaneously along a plurality of channels.
2. Description of the Related Art
Various transmission systems are known for transmitting optical signals between units that are rotatable relative to each other.
An optical rotary joint for a plurality of channels, having a Dove prism, is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,568,578. An arrangement with a plurality of GRIN lenses is provided for coupling light into or out of glass fibers. In this, the individual GRIN lenses are fixed onto a support to be parallel to the axis of the rotary joint. The ends of the glass fibers are retained in ferrules and are adhesively joined to the GRIN lenses via these ferrules. For exact adjustment, the individual ferrules can be moved together with the fiber ends retained therein across the plane face of the surface ground GRIN lenses.
Another kind of optical rotary joint is disclosed in WO 01/98801. This describes a micro-optical system which comprises optical and mechanical components as a one-piece part. This design permits attainment of a substantially higher packing density of the individual glass fibers. Furthermore, a laborious adjustment of individual glass fibers or ferrules relative to the lenses becomes unnecessary, because the geometry of the support is already predetermined by the monolithic fabrication process of the micro-optical system.
A disadvantage of the known prior art is that relatively strong reflections of the transmitted light occur inside the rotary joint.

Multi-channel optical rotary coupling of low reflectance


A windshield system according to particular embodiments of the invention comprises: (1) a first windshield portion defining a windshield fastener receiving opening; (2) a second windshield portion connected to rotate between: (A) a closed position, in which the second windshield portion is substantially coplanar with the first windshield portion, and (B) an open position, in which the first and second windshield portions are spaced apart from, and co-facing, each other; and (3) a windshield fastener that is adapted for maintaining the second windshield portion in an open or a closed position. In particular embodiments, at least a portion of the windshield fastener is disposed within the windshield fastener receiving opening.

As will be understood by one skilled in the art, current golf carts typically include a two-part windshield that includes a transparent upper portion and a transparent lower portion. Typically, the lower portion is fixedly attached to the golf cart so that it can not move relative to the golf cart's body. The upper windshield portion, however, is usually attached to the lower windshield portion by a hinge. This allows users to move the upper windshield portion from a closed to an open position.
When the upper windshield portion in the closed position, the upper windshield portion is positioned above the lower windshield portion. In this closed position, the upper and lower portions of the windshield cooperate to form a substantially continuous, planar windshield that shields the golf cart's driver from rain and wind as they drive the golf cart.
When the upper windshield portion is in the open position, the upper and lower portions of the windshield are substantially parallel to, and offset from each other, and the vertical position of the upper and lower windshield portions is about the same. In this closed position, the area immediately above the lower windshield portion of the windshield is open to the elements. This allows wind to pass above the lower windshield portion to cool the driver as the driver drives the golf cart from place to place.
Prior art golf carts typically include flexible rubber fasteners for holding the upper windshield portion in the open and closed positions. These rubber fasteners are typically attached to the upper and/or lower portions of the windshield using an adhesive substance such as glue.
One disadvantage associated with these prior art golf carts is that the adhesive used to attach the rubber fasteners to the golf cart's windshield often deteriorates over time, especially after prolonged exposure to the sun. As a result, the rubber fasteners often become detached from the golf carts. Consequently, the rubber fasteners must frequently be replaced, which is both inconvenient and expensive.
Accordingly, there is a need for improved fasteners for golf cart windshields that are configured for being attached to the windshields in a more robust fashion.


The invention relates to a radio transmitting and receiving device with a housing (8) and an antenna (1) which has a rod (2) which can be retracted and extended through an opening (10) in the housing. The rod (2) can be secured in its respective end positions by a magnetic force.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a radio transmitting and receiving device according to the preamble of Patent claim 1. In such a device, a housing of the device can be equipped with an antenna which has a rod which can be retracted and extended through an opening in the housing.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The use of the device, and the associated frequent pulling-out and pushing-in of the rod out of and into the housing of the device leads however in the long term to wear of the guides for the rod and thus to unreliability with respect to its positional accuracy. Under certain circumstances, this can result in the rod not moving into its end position and thus satisfactory electrical contact is not made between contact elements present there on the rod and a tap which is itself connected to the circuit of the device. In such a case, the antenna must be replaced, which is however only possible with difficulty, especially since a special tool must be used for this purpose. The same also applies to other damage to the antenna, for example bending or fracture.

Retractable antenna for a radio transmitting and receiving device


A subsea equipment (1) used for natural gas or crude oil production, such as a subsea actuator (2) for a valve, a restrictor or the like, a control module or other means, comprises at least an oil-filled first component (3) and a compensator unit (4) which is associated with said first component and which is in fluid communication therewith for pressure compensation. To improve such a subsea equipment in a structurally simple manner in such a way that it is capable of functioning and that pressure compensation is still possible, even if the associated compensator unit is damaged or fails to operate, a second compensator unit (5) is in fluid communication with said first component (3) or said first compensator unit (4) for pressure compensation.

The invention relates to a subsea equipment used for natural gas or crude oil production, such as subsea actuators for a valves, restrictors or the like, control modules, so-called BOP (blowout preventors), or other means, and comprising at least one closed, oil-filled first component and a first compensator unit which is associated with said first component and which is in fluid communication therewith for pressure compensation,
Such subsea equipment is arranged in situ on the seabed, on a so-called tree, on an oil platform and other components for natural gas or crude oil production. A subsea actuator serves e.g. to adjust a valve or a restrictor so as to interrupt, or at least vary the flow through respective pipes. Also for the so-called blowout preventor, an actuator is used. Such a blowout preventor serves to prevent, in emergency cases, crude oil or natural gas from escaping on the seabed from respective pipes at the well.
In the case of a closed, oil-filled subsea equipment, a respective component has normally associated therewith a compensator unit for pressure compensation. Pressure compensation is effected between the component and the environment, i.e. the water. The pressure compensated is the hydrostatic pressure (water depth) and also pressure differences caused by changes in temperature and/or volume. One example for a change in volume is here e.g. a piston which is movable in a cylinder.
In subsea equipments known in practice, a component or a plurality of components has associated therewith a respective compensator unit which accomplishes pressure compensation separately for the component associated therewith. If the compensator unit in question fails to operate due to the occurrence of a leak or the like, the function of the associated component will at least be impaired or the component will perhaps no longer be capable of functioning at all.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to improve a subsea equipment of the type referred to at the beginning in a structurally simple manner in such a way that it is still capable of functioning and that pressure compensation is still possible, even if the associated compensator unit is damaged or fails to operate. In connection with the features of the generic clause of claim 1, this object is achieved in that a second compensator unit is in fluid communication with the first component or the first compensator unit for pressure compensation.


A frame for a gaseous fueled vehicle is provided. The frame includes a floor pan, a tunnel positioned centrally and longitudinally in the floor pan extending a full length of the frame, and a tank integrated into the tunnel, where the tank is circular in cross-section and has a variable diameter. The tunnel may also integrate two or more tanks.

The use of hydrogen and other gaseous fuels for vehicles is not new. For example, compressed natural gas (CNG) has occasionally been used as the fuel for internal combustion powered fleet vehicles in markets where CNG represented a low cost, low emission, and relatively high octane fuel source.
The allure of hydrogen as a fuel flows the most basic of chemical formulae: hydrogen plus oxygen equals water. This formula suggests that many of our vehicle related air quality problems could be eliminated simply by fueling future vehicles with hydrogen gas whether they are powered by conventional internal combustion engines, fuel cells, or hybrid fuel cell battery systems.
In general, however, a major problem with gaseous fuels has always been how and where to store such fuel in a vehicle. All gaseous fuel must be compressed to some degree to increase its energy density. Compression by itself requires the use of a reinforced storage tank. Unfortunately, even very high compression does not drastically reduce gaseous fuel volume and a relatively large tank is required if the average vehicle is to have a reasonable driving range between fuel fills. Thus, using gaseous fuel on a vehicle requires using a relatively large, reinforced tank.
In the past, the use of gaseous fuels has typically been limited to larger vehicles, such as trucks, due in part to the relatively large size of the fuel tanks necessary to provide fuel to power the vehicle over an acceptable range. Such tanks are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,810,309 (mounting assembly for retrofitting a CNG tank to an existing vehicle by cutting part of the frame); U.S. Pat. No. 6,042,071 (mounting assembly for a large CNG tank that takes over the trunk compartment and accommodates expansion and contraction of the tank); and U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,722 (rack for mounting a number of CNG tanks such as on a bus).
Hybrid vehicles that combine gaseous fueled engines or fuel cells with batteries and electric motors are currently under development. These hybrids are designed with a hydrogen tank in the trunk similar to that described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,722.
Current tank designs for compressed gaseous fuel have a number of drawbacks. For example, gaseous fuel tanks are almost too large to be used in compact vehicles. In mid to full size passenger cars, gaseous fuel tanks require almost all the space in the trunk. In small trucks, part of the cargo area must be used to accommodate a gaseous fuel tank. The problem of accommodating a compressed gas tank is exacerbated in a hybrid vehicle where available storage space is frequently limited by the other systems present.

Vehicle frame with integrated high pressure fuel tank


Apparatus includes a digital x-ray detector panel, a panel support, and a resilient sheet positioned between the panel and the support, the sheet having an area smaller than an area of the panel.

This invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for digital x-ray imaging systems, and more particularly to methods and apparatus for digital x-ray panels.
The panel of a digital x-ray detector generally consists of a glass substrate, upon which the imaging electronics and x-ray conversion materials are deposited. Being glass, the panel is inherently fragile and difficult to constrain. The panel is typically constrained using high-friction materials on its backside to resist lateral (in-plane) motion, or clamping/screwing the connecting electronics to a rigid support and relying on the flex connections to constrain the panel. In some instances the panel is permanently glued to a panel support or frame made of a metallic or plastic material to enable more general mechanical constraints. A disadvantage of bonding the glass permanently to a support is the inability to rework the panel connections in case of damage or failure. Another disadvantage of bonding the glass directly to a support is the direction transfer of shock from the support to the fragile glass panel. As x-ray devices have moved from being fixed devices to being portable devices, the detector is now expected to survive high levels of shock and vibration on a regular basis.
Therefore described below are methods of constraining a panel that is both re-workable and flexible, increasing the life of the panel to shock abuse and allowing for low-cost repair of any damage.

X-ray detector panel methods and apparatus


A method is provided for allowing a WINDOWS computer user to effectively utilize audio applications in a WINDOWS 95 or WINDOWS NT operating system by individually setting the controls of the computer sound card by an improved dialog-based tabbed menu system. Upon loading and starting the computer software system of the present invention in the WINDOWS based computer, the WINDOWS 95 or NT operating system is queried for the type of computer sound card driver installed. Next, the computer sound card driver software is queried to determine the capabilities and requirements of a computer sound card and is adjusted to meet the specifics capabilities and requirements of the computer sound card detected. Further, the present software system allows the user to conveniently organize dialog-based tabbed menus for controlling the computer sound card settings with provision for simplifying the configuration of microphone related settings. Further, the present invention includes a built-in validation capability which alerts the user when improper related settings are detected and provides the user an easy method of correction.

As is to be appreciated, in the age of cyberspace, many different types of WINDOWS computers with WINDOWS 95 or WINDOWS NT operating systems are configured with many different computer sound cards, sound accessories, and sound applications software, each system requiring its own set of instruction manuals to fully describe the operation of the computer configuration. With many audio software applications, there exist an increasing need to simply the task the users must face when utilizing WINDOWS computers with the wide variety of available audio devices.
However, to utilize many of these audio applications now available in many computers equipped with audio devices such as headsets and handsets, speakers, and musical input and output devices, the computer sound card settings must be properly configured by the computer user to satisfy the unique requirements of the particular computer system. Many times, the user must consult the computer sound card, audio accessory, audio software application, and operating system instruction manuals to properly configure the computer sound card.
Even an experienced user may be overwhelmed with all the different computer sound card settings, and to expect the novice to read all the associated instruction manuals and understand which settings are correct and how to set them for effective sound performance is unrealistic. As a result, many users shy away from instruction manuals and fumble by trial and error to find the proper sound card setting or instead opt not to utilize some or all of the audio capabilities of the computer audio applications requiring microphones.
Thus, there is a need for a method that simplifies the process of configuring the computer sound card settings associated with audio applications of WINDOWS computer systems. The prior art has failed to provide a relatively easy means to ensure proper computer sound card settings when audio devices are used with computer sound cards and audio software applications to receive, process, and output accurate audio signals relating to telephony systems involving microphones. The prior art has further failed to provide a system for organizing user configurable dialog-based tabbed menus for controlling computer sound card settings and for alerting the user of improper microphone related computer sound card settings and quickly correcting improper computer sound card settings via internal means.

Method and apparatus for providing audio utility software for use in windows applications


The hardware information showing a type of hardware constituting the computer resource and the software information showing a type of software mounted in the computer resource are stored in the entry corresponding to each computer resource in the computer configuration table managed by a management computer. Further, when a computer resource allocated to a certain job is determined, a computer resource which may be used for the job in the aftertime is selected with reference to the hardware information and the software information, and the job name is registered as a tentatively booked job name in the entry corresponding to the selected computer resource in the computer configuration table. When additionally allocating the computer resource, the computer resource which is tentatively booked is selected with priority, and the computer resource tentatively booked to another job is excluded from the additional allocation.

In the Web tier of a Web-based three-tier application, usually, a plurality of computer resources equipped with the same application are prepared, and access requests for the service provided by the application are distributed to the plurality of computer resources by using a load distribution device and processed therein. In this distributed processing system, when the processing speed for the service is reduced due to the increase of the requests, a computer equipped with the same application is newly added and the settings of the load distribution device are changed so as to distribute the request also to the added computer. By doing so, the reduction of processing speed for the service can be avoided.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-24194 discloses the distribution of jobs with reference to the history of the jobs executed by the computer resources.

Computer resource management method in distributed processing system


Among other things, the present disclosure relates to phase change material (PCM) composites composed of an PCM mixed with a nucleating agent contained within the pores of a graphite matrix and/or a hydrogel. The process to create these PCM composites includes coating the surface of graphite with a surfactant, compressing the graphite to form a matrix, then filling the graphite matrix with the PCM.

Thermal energy storage (TES) systems are technologies that promise to improve the energy efficiencies of systems such as in building envelopes, appliances, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Phase change materials (PCMs) are of particular interest as TES systems for HVAC applications due to their high energy storage density and ability to store energy at constant (or near constant) temperature. Low temperature (between about 5° C. and about 50° C.) TES materials are of particular interest for buildings energy applications.
Hydrocarbon derived alkane paraffins are currently the most widely used PCMs for building applications, however, their widespread adoption in buildings has been hindered by their high cost, low volumetric energy capacities, and flammability. Inorganic PCMs show great promise due to their high volumetric energy density, abundance in nature and low cost. However, technical materials challenges facing with these materials include excessive supercooling (due to, for example, poor nucleation properties), incongruent melting/phase separation leading to short cycle life, and low thermal conductivity leading to slow charging/discharging. Thus, there remains a need for efficient latent heat TES systems for buildings, HVAC, and other applications.

Salt hydrate-based phase change thermal energy storage and encapsulation thereof


Technologies for addressing individual bits in memory include a device having a memory that includes partitions that each have tiles, in which each tile stores an individual bit. The device also includes circuitry to receive a request to access (e.g., read or write) a sequence of bits in a partition. The request specifies a logical row or column address. A corresponding tile is determined from the logical row or column address and for each bit in the sequence. The corresponding tile is accessed to read or write the bit therein.

Memory matrix operations have multiple applications in various settings, such as in the fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning. In such operations, a device may manipulate data in rows and columns. Performing a matrix multiplication involves reading a given matrix in row-major form, reading another matrix in column-major form, and multiplying the respective rows and columns with one another. And in such a case, the result of such operations generally yields a fixed-size multiple-bit data structure, such as an addressable byte, word, etc. In some scenarios, it may be desirable to read data in a more granular size.

Technologies to address individual bits in memory


Nanophase WC powder is produced by preparing a precursor including tungsten; producing gas by vaporizing or sublimating the precursor; carbonizing the gas in the atmosphere without oxygen while maintaining pressure below atmospheric pressure; and condensing the carbonized gas

Generally WC powder is produced in most cases by solid state reaction in which W powder and solid state carbon powder are mixed and carbonized at high temperature. However, the prior art method users a start material in solid state and so requires mixing and milling process. Also the process is complicated due to many steps in the process of oxidized W, and time consuming due to the interaction between solid state materials in the growth of WC powder.
Meanwhile, liquid state methods have been used to produce fine powder of WC/Co by spray-drying solution including W and Co by using water-soluble metal base. However, these methods require many complicated process. Also further, with these types of methods, there are limitations in producing ultra-fine powder of 0.1 μm or less due to the growth of WC powder in the carbonizing heat treatment.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Method of producing nanophase WC powder by vapor phase reaction

Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials


An illumination lamp includes: an input portion connectable to any one of power supply portions for two or more starting methods including a rapid-start method; a voltage detection circuit configured to detect a voltage applied from a power supply portion; and a control portion including at least one first voltage supply portion configured to supply a voltage suitably for the rapid-start method to a semiconductor light-emitting device, and at least one second voltage supply portion configured to supply a voltage suitably for the other fluorescent-lamp starting method to the semiconductor light-emitting device. The control portion causes, if the voltage is detected by the voltage detection circuit, the first voltage supply portion to supply a voltage to the semiconductor light-emitting device, but causing, if the voltage is not detected by the voltage detection circuit, the second voltage supply portion to supply a voltage to the semiconductor light-emitting device.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an illumination lamp and an illumination device.
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent years, illumination lamps (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "LED illumination lamps") using LEDs (light-emitting diodes) characterized by low power consumption, long life, and the like have attracted much attention. Some type of such LED illumination lamps operates on commercial alternating-current (AC) power or on output of a fluorescent-lamp ballast of various types and can be replacement of conventional fluorescent lamps.
However, if general constant-current control is applied to LED illumination lamps mounted in a dual-fluorescent-lamp lamp fixture containing a rapid-start fluorescent-lamp ballast, a problem that the LED illumination lamps become unequal (unbalanced) in light output intensity can occur.
In view of the above, there is a need to provide an illumination lamp and an illumination device that allow a plurality of LED illumination lamps mounted in a lamp fixture containing a rapid-start ballast to light up with more equal light output intensities and an illumination device including the LED illumination lamps.

Illumination lamp and illumination device configured for rapid-start method


An embodiment of a read channel includes a filter, an interpolator, a recovery circuit, an error detector, a reverse interpolator, and a filter calibrator. The filter is operable to receive a raw sample of a signal and a coefficient-correction value, generate a filtered sample from the raw sample and a pre-established coefficient, and change the coefficient in response to the coefficient-correction value. The interpolator is operable to interpolate the filtered sample, and the recovery circuit is operable to generate a data symbol from the interpolated sample. The error detector is operable to generate an ideal sample from the data symbol and to generate a difference between the ideal sample and the interpolated sample, and the reverse interpolator is operable to reverse interpolate the difference. The filter calibrator is operable to receive the raw sample and to generate the coefficient-correction value from the raw sample and the reverse-interpolated difference.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional read channel 10 for recovering data from an analog read signal. E.g., a storage-disk read head or a wireless-device antenna (neither shown in FIG. 1) may generate the read signal.
The read channel 10 includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 12, a variable-gain amplifier (VGA) 14, an interpolated-timing-recovery circuit (ITR) 16, a finite-impulse-response filter (FIR) 18, a Viterbi detector 20, and a phase-error detector (PE) 22. The ITR 16, FIR 18, Viterbi detector 20, and PE 22 form a timing loop (TLP) 24 for phase acquisition and tracking. The read channel 10 may also include other components that are omitted from FIG. 1 for brevity.
An example of a read channel similar to the read channel 10 is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/402,155, filed Apr. 10, 2006, which is incorporated by reference.
The ADC 12 generates raw digital samples S of the read signal in response to a sample clock that is unsynchronized to the read signal, and the VGA 14 adjusts the amplitudes of the raw samples S such that these amplitudes are within a predetermined range that is suitable for the ITR 16, FIR 18, and Viterbi detector 20. Furthermore, although the sample clock is unsynchronized to the read signal, it typically has the same or approximately the same frequency as the data carried by the read signal.
The ITR 16 interpolates the gain-adjusted samples according to a target polynomial (e.g., PR4, EPR4 and E2PR4) that corresponds to the characteristics of the read signal and according to a phase-interpolation value Tau that is related to the phase error between the read signal and the sample clock. Generally, the ITR 16 interpolates each gain-adjusted raw sample by causing the amplitude of the interpolated sample to equal (or approximately equal) the amplitude that the gain-adjusted raw sample would have had if the sample clock were in-phase (phase error=0) with the read signal. That is, the ITR 16 effectively shifts the phase of the interpolated sample by Tau relative to the phase of the gain-adjusted raw sample.
The FIR 18 equalizes the interpolated samples according to the target polynomial. The topology and filter coefficient(s) of the FIR 18 provide the FIR with a transfer function that corresponds to the target polynomial. That is, the transfer function causes the FIR to "fit" the interpolated samples to the target polynomial.
The Viterbi detector 20 recovers data from the read signal according to the target polynomial.
The PE 22 acquires and tracks the phase error between the sample clock and the data carried by the read signal, generates the phase-interpolation value Tau in response to the phase error, and provides the phase-interpolation value Tau to the ITR 16. For example, the PE 22 may generate Tau equal (or approximately equal) to the phase error, although in most instances, Tau does not equal the instantaneous phase error due to the latency of the TLP 24.
Still referring to FIG. 1, a potential problem with the read channel 10 is that the latency of the TLP 24 is relatively long, and thus causes the bandwidth of the loop to be relatively low. Because of this low bandwidth, the TLP 26 may provide little or no correction of high-frequency phase errors caused by, e.g., jitter in the velocity of a rotating storage disk.

Read channel operable to calibrate a coefficient of a filter, such as an FIR filter, disposed before an interpolated-timing-recovery circuit, and related integrated circuit, system, and method


A terminal crimping device includes an elevating crimper for crimping terminals onto exposed conductors of cables and an anvil positioned opposite to said elevating crimper so that the ascend/descend of the crimper is carried out by a servo motor. The terminal crimping device further includes a height sensor for outputting a crimp height at the time of crimping said terminals, a data storage unit for storing a pressing time range for determination on whether or not terminal crimping is normal and a crimper height value for determination of said pressing time; and determining unit for time measuring the time during which an output from said height sensor is not larger than the crimper height and determining that crimping is normal if the measured time is within said pressing time range. Thus, the determination on whether or not the terminal crimping is normal can be surely made.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method of controlling a terminal crimping device which produces terminal-equipped cables constituting a wire harness or the like.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The terminal crimping device is, in general, composed of a crimper and an anvil set opposite to said crimper wherein the crimper performs the work of crimping terminals to the exposed conductors of the cables through elevating actions thereof. In this connection, the Japanese Patent Appln. No. 6-328827 discloses that the elevating actions are achieved by decelerating the rotation of the servo motor before being transmitted to a disk where the disk rotation is converted into a linear motion such that a ram loaded with said crimper is elevated and lowered. A detailed explanation thereof will be given with reference to FIGS. 8A to 8C and FIGS. 9A to 9B.
FIGS. 8A through 8C are figures explaining the action of the terminal crimping device; FIG. 9A is a graph showing the relationship between the crimper action time and the elevating speed; and FIG. 9B is a graph showing the relationship between the time and the motor current value wherein 1, 2, 3 in FIGS. 9A and 9B correspond to FIGS. 8A to 8C
Referring to FIGS. 8A to 8C, the disk 7 is secured to the output shaft of the decelerator (not shown), which functions to decelerate the rotation of the servo motor.
Said disk 7 secured at an axis thereof to the output shaft of the decelerator carries an eccentric pin (crank shaft) 8 thereon. A crank rod 9 is pivotally attached at an upper end thereof to said eccentric pin 8 while said crank rod 9 is pivotally attached at a lower end thereof to a ram 11. Said ram 11 is loaded slidably in a vertical direction within a ram guide which is provided within the inner surfaces of a frame (not shown). In this way, the disk 7, the crank rod 9, the ram 11 and the ram guide constitute a piston/crank mechanism.
Said ram 11 is formed, at a lower end thereof, with an engagement recess 13, which is removably loaded with an engagement head 16 of a crimper holder 15 carrying a crimper 14. Immediately beneath said crimper 14, an anvil 17 is secured to a base 2 positioned opposite to said crimper 14.
FIG. 8A shows the start of the crimping step in which the crank pin 8 of the disk 7 takes an uppermost position to place the crimper 14 in the top dead center, when the descending speed of the crimper 14 stands at 0 while the load current stands at 0 as shown in FIG. 9A.
FIG. 8B shows a rotation of the disk 7 in the arrow-marked direction which causes the eccentric pin 8 to move downward until the crimper 14 reaches a position in its high speed descent to contact the barrel c of a terminal, thus starting a crimping action therefor. The descending speed of said crimper 14 is reduced before the contact thereof while reducing the load current.
FIG. 8C shows that the disk 7 rotates in the arrow-marked direction to move the eccentric pin 8 to the neighborhood of the bottom dead center such that the crimper 14 and the anvil 17 substantially performs the crimping work and, then, the crimper 14 provisionally comes to a stop at the crimping position. At this time, the crimper 14 is at rest (stop time t) showing a speed 0 while maintaining the state of pressurizing and pinching the barrel c of the terminal to continue the pressurizing action against the springback of the terminal barrel c, thus the load current reaching the peak value while showing a rising curve. Springback of said barrel c is prevented through this pressurizing and pinching action by this provisional halt.
After the terminal crimping, the servo motor 4 is caused to rotate the disk 7 in a direction reverse to the arrow-marked direction in the state shown in FIG. 10C such that the crimper 14 ascends to restore to the state (A).
In FIGS. 9A and 9B, the descending speed of the crimper 14 is sufficiently reduced from the speed thereof shown during the descent from the uppermost position to the terminal crimping start position. Therefore, such impact noise as caused in a conventional flywheel type terminal crimping device will not be generated, thus contributing to noise prevention and job site improvement.
As data for determining whether the terminal crimping performance is good or not, the current value Iu and Il as shown in FIG. 9B are stored.
More specifically, FIG. 9B shows that I represents a standard value at the time of a normal step of crimping a given terminal and a given cable size, Iu and Il represent a high limit and a low limit thereof, said high limit Iu and said low limit Il being established by a preliminary test. If I is between Iu and Ic, it means the normal crimping.
As described in the foregoing, the crimping performance of the conventional terminal crimping device is determined by determining whether the value of electric current at the time of terminal crimping operation is in the preset range thereof. The determination by such a value of electric current alone is susceptible to a significant error to such an extent that values otherwise to be rejected can happen to be among those determined acceptable.


A force sense presentation apparatus includes a main body, a first movable unit, and a first drive mechanism. The main body has a longitudinal direction in a first axis direction and includes a holding unit held by a user. The first movable unit is configured to cover at least a part of the holding unit and is capable of being displaced with respect to the main body in a second axis direction which intersects the first axis. The first drive mechanism is provided to the main body and configured to cause the first movable unit to be displaced in the second axis direction with respect to the main body to generate a moment about a third axis to the holding unit. The third axis intersects the first axis and the second axis.

The present disclosure relates to a force sense presentation apparatus that presents a force sense to a user.
In related art, various apparatuses capable of presenting a force sense to a user are known. For example, there is known a joystick which is provided with an operation lever capable of being tilted and rotated about an axis, a motor for tilting and rotating the operation lever, a sensor that detects a distance or the like to an obstacle, a control unit that controls the motor, and the like. In this technique, the joystick is attached to a wheelchair or a crane to be used, and the control unit controls the rotation of the motor when the sensor detects that the joystick approaches an obstacle, for example, thereby making it possible to give the user a reaction force with respect to an operation force of the user (see, paragraphs 0008, 0009, and 0022 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2011-59934).