A skeleton member structure having a tubular structural member (11, 211) filled with granular materials for absorbing impact energy. The granular materials includes a granular material having a hollow portion (12a, 212a) or a porous granular material. When the skeleton member receives an impact, the granular materials are deformed or collapsed, and impact energy is stably absorbed. Since the granular materials are hollow or porous, the weight of the skeleton member filled with the granular materials is reduced.

Skeleton member structures having skeleton or structural members filled with filling materials are know from, for example, (1) paper pre-published for 2001 JSAE (Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan) Spring General Meeting, entitled "ATTEMPT TO COPE WITH BOTH CRASHWORTHINESS AND WEIGHT REDUCTION" (hereinafter called Prior Art 1), (2) science paper, 1986, The university of Manchester, England, "STATIC AND DYNAMIC AXIAL CRUSHING OF FOAM-FILLED SHEET METAL TUBES" (hereinafter called Prior Art 2), (3) paper published in Automobile Engineering, Vol. 55, April, 2001, "DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD OF ENHANCING BODY FRAME STRENGTH USING STRUCTURAL FOAM" (hereinafter called Prior Art 3), (4) Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-130444 entitled "IMPACT ENERGY ABSORBING MEMBER" (hereinafter called Prior Art 4), and (5) Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-46106 entitled "DAMPING PANEL" (hereinafter called Prior Art 5).
Methods for forming solidified granular materials are know from, for example, (6) U.S. Pat. No. 4,610,836 entitled "METHOD OF REINFORCING A STRUCTURAL MEMBER" (hereinafter called Prior Art 6), (7) the art for solidifying a granular material by use of a resin material (hereinafter called Prior Art 7), (8) the art for solidifying a granular material by a crosslinking liquid film (hereinafter called Prior Art 8), and (9) the art for solidifying a granular material in itself (hereinafter called Prior Art 9).
Prior Art 1 is directed to the art of filling the skeleton member of an automobile with a foamed filling material to realize weight reduction while ensuring absorption energy during a collision.
In Prior Art 2, FIG. 3(b) (ii) at pp. 301 shows an example in which a tube of square cross section filled with polyurethane foam is deformed.
Prior Art 3 discloses the art of filling a part of the interior of a frame with a foamed resin to restrain local buckling deformation of the frame by dispersing the energy of a collision.
(4) Prior Art 4 describes in paragraph [0025] at page 4 that "in order that the impact energy absorbing member can easily receive an impact load in the surface direction thereof, in the case where the impact energy absorbing member has a cavity portion, it is preferable that fitting matter such as grains, a foamed material or a core be fitted into the interior of the impact energy absorbing member to enhance the longitudinal rigidity of the impact energy absorbing member". In addition, FIG. 14 of the same publication discloses an impact energy absorbing member having an interior in which fitting matter is fitted.
(a) and (b) of FIG. 1 of Prior Art 5 illustrate a damping panel which is filled with a mixture of high rigidity grains and low elastic grains for absorbing vibration energy according to elastic deformation.
FIG. 2 of Prior Art 6 illustrates a structure in which a skeleton member is filled with adhesive-coated glass microspheres wrapped in cloth made of glass fiber. U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,343 also discloses a similar structure.
Prior Art 7 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28 hereof.
FIG. 27 shows a structural member 402 in which a skeleton member 400 which constitutes a skeleton structure is filled with a solidified granular material 401.
The solidified granular material 401 shown in FIG. 28 is made of granular materials 403 and a resin material 404 with which the spaces among the granular materials 403 are filled to solidify the granular materials 403.
Prior Art 8 will be described below with reference to FIG. 29 hereof.
The solidified granular material 410 shown in FIG. 29 has a structure in which adjacent ones of the granular materials 403 are bonded to one another by a crosslinking liquid film 411. In the formation of this bonding structure, after moisture or the like has been added to the granular materials 403, the granular materials 403 are pressed and heated to form the crosslinking liquid film 411, thereby forming the solidified granular material 410.
The solidified granular material 420 shown in FIG. 30 is matter in which adjacent ones of the granular materials 403 are bonded to one another by melting the surfaces of the granular materials 403. Reference numeral 421 denotes a solidified portion in which the surfaces of the granular materials 403 are solidified after having been melted.
Prior Arts 1 to 3 have a structure in which a skeleton member is filled with a foamed material, but has the following problem. This problem will be described below with reference to the graphs shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B.
FIG. 20A is a graph for explaining the relationship between the foaming ratio of a foamed material and the buckling load at which buckling occurs when a compressive load is applied to a structural member in the axial direction thereof, and the vertical axis represents the buckling load and the horizontal axis represents the foaming ratio. According to this graph, when the buckling load of the structural member is to be increased, it is necessary to reduce the foaming ratio.
FIG. 20B is a graph for explaining the relationship between the foaming ratio of the foamed material and the weight of the structural member, and the vertical and horizontal axes represent the weight and the foaming ratio, respectively. According to this graph, as the foaming ratio is made smaller, the weight of the structural member increases.
It can be seen from these graphs that in the range of foaming ratios not higher than a foaming ratio at which a predetermined buckling load b is ensured (in the foamed-material effective area shown in FIG. 20B), the weight becomes large and a reduction in the weight of the structural member becomes difficult.
Crush tests of structural members which are respectively filled with the foamed materials disclosed in the aforementioned Prior Arts 1 to 3 and the grains disclosed in Prior Art 4, for example, solid powder will be described below with reference to FIGS. 21A, 21B and 21C.
In FIG. 21A, an axial compressive load P as shown by an arrow is applied to a structural member 300 having a tubular skeleton member 300a filled with a foamed material or solid grains, thereby forcedly deforming the structural member 300.
In FIG. 21B, letting λ be the amount of deformation of the structural member 300, and as the amount of deformation λ increases, the structural member 300 is buckled and deformed into the Z-shaped or dogleg-shaped configuration shown in FIG. 21B.
FIG. 21C is a graph for explaining the relationship between the amount of deformation λ and the load P with the structural member 300 deformed as described above, and the vertical and horizontal axes represent the load P and the amount of deformation λ, respectively. In addition, three kinds of samples are used: a sample A which has an interior not filled with a filling material and uses only a skeleton member, a sample B filled with a foamed material, and a sample C filled with solid grains.
When the amount of deformation λ is small, the sample B (filled with a foamed material) generates a larger load than the sample A, and as the amount of deformation λ becomes larger, the load P sharply decreases.
Regarding the sample C (filled with solid grains), as the amount of deformation λ becomes comparatively larger, the load P sharply decreases. This is because in each of the samples B and C, since the foamed material or the solid grains are not easily crushed in an early stage of deformation, the internal pressure of the structural member excessively rises and is buckled into a Z-shaped or dogleg-shaped configuration and the load P is sharply decreased by this buckling.
Then, a crush test of the structural member of Prior Art 5 that is filled with high rigidity grains and low elastic grains will be described below with reference to FIGS. 22A, 22B and 22C.
In FIG. 22A, the structural member 301 is a member in which a tubular skeleton member 301a is filled with a multiplicity of low elastic grains 302 and a multiplicity of high rigidity grains 303. First, the load P which is an axial compressive load is applied to the structural member 301, thereby forcedly deforming the structural member 301. As a result, the low elastic grains 302 are gradually deformed as shown in FIG. 22B. When the amount of deformation λ of the structural member 301 reaches L, the low elastic grains 302 are nearly completely crushed, and then the load P directly acts on the high rigidity grains 303.
FIG. 22C is a graph for explaining the relationship between the amount of deformation λ of the structural member and the load P when the structural member 301 is deformed as described above, and the vertical and horizontal axes represent the load P and the amount of deformation λ, respectively. In addition, the sample A shown by a solid line includes only the skeleton member shown in FIG. 21C, and a sample D shown by a dashed line is the structural member 301 described with reference to FIGS. 22A and 22B.
The load P of the sample D is nearly equal to that of the sample A until the amount of deformation λ reaches L, but when the amount of deformation λ exceeds L, the load P sharply increases. This is because, as described above, when the amount of deformation λ exceeds L, the load P acts on the high rigidity grains which are hardly crushed, and the load P sharply increases. When the load P is made to act further, the sample D is buckled and deformed into a Z- or doglegged-shape similar to that shown in FIG. 21B, and the load P sharply decreases.
Then, a bending test of a structural member filled with a filling material will be described with reference to FIGS. 23A to 23F.
FIG. 23A shows the state in which a structural member 300B having the skeleton member 300a filled with a foamed material (the sample B shown in FIG. 21C) is supported at two supporting points 306, 306. δ denotes the amount of deformation of the structural member 300B to which a load is applied (the definition of δ is the same in the following description).
FIG. 23B shows the fact that the skeleton member 300a of the structural member 300B is filled with a foamed material 308.
In FIG. 23C, when a load W is applied to the structural member 300B in a direction perpendicular to the axis of a structural part 3200B, i.e., in the direction of an arrow, the structural member 300B is bent downwardly.
As shown in FIG. 23D, the granular materials 308 between a top side 311 and a bottom side 312 of the skeleton member 300a are compressed and lateral sides 313 and 314 of the structural member 300a are swollen outwardly, whereby the lateral sides 313 and 314 peel off the foamed material 308.
As shown in FIG. 23E, when the load W is further applied to the structural member 300B, the structural member 300B is further deformed, and as shown in FIG. 23F, the structural member 300B is crushed to a further extent in the vertical direction, and the lateral sides 313 and 314 are swollen sideways to a further extent.
As shown in FIGS. 23D and 23F, as deformation proceeds, the lateral sides 313 and 314 of the skeleton member 300a peel off the foamed material 308, so that the foamed material 308 becomes unable to easily restrain the deformation of the structural member 300B.
Then, a bending test of a skeleton member filled with solid grains will be described with reference to FIGS. 24A to 24F.
FIG. 24A shows the state in which a structural member 300C having the skeleton member 300a filled with solid grains (the sample C shown in FIG. 21C) is supported at two supporting points 306, 306.
FIG. 24B shows the fact that the structural member 300a is filled with solid grains 317.
As shown in FIG. 24C, when the load W is applied to the structural member 300C in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the structural member 300C, i.e., in the direction of a white arrow, the structural member 300C is bent downwardly. As shown in FIG. 24D, the solid grains 317 between the top side 311 and the bottom side 312 of the structural member 300a are compressed and the lateral sides 313 and 314 of the skeleton member 300a are swollen outwardly, whereby the solid grains 317 spread sideways according to the swelling of the lateral sides 313 and 314.
As shown in FIG. 24E, when the load W is further applied to the structural member 300C, the structural member 300C is further deformed and the bottom side of the structural member 300C is broken. Namely, as shown in FIG. 24F, the structural member 300C is crushed to a further extent in the vertical direction and the lateral sides 313 and 314 are swollen sideways to a further extent, so that the internal pressure becomes excessively large and the bottom side 312 is broken.
Accordingly, when the skeleton member 300a is broken, the flexural rigidity of the structural member 300C becomes extremely low.
FIGS. 24A to 25F show a bending test of a structural member having a skeleton member filled with low elastic grains and high rigidity grains.
FIG. 25A shows the state in which the structural member 301 the skeleton member 301a filled with low elastic grains and high rigidity grains (the sample D shown in FIG. 22C) is supported at the two supporting points 306, 306.
FIG. 25B shows the fact that the skeleton member 301a is filled with the low elastic grains 302 and the high rigidity grains 303.
As shown in FIG. 25C, when the load W is applied to the structural member 301 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the structural member 301, i.e., in the direction of an arrow, the structural member 301 is bent downwardly, and as shown in FIG. 25D, the load acts on the low elastic grains 302 and the high rigidity grains 303 between the top side 311 and the bottom side 312 of the skeleton member 301a, and the low elastic grains 302 are shrunk and the lateral sides 313 and 314 of the skeleton member 301a are swollen outwardly, whereby the low elastic grains 302 and the high rigidity grains 303 spread sideways according to the swelling of the lateral sides 313 and 314.
As shown in FIG. 25E, when the load W is further applied to the structural member 301, the structural member 301 is further deformed and the bottom side of the structural member 301 is broken. Namely, as shown in FIG. 25F, the structural member 301 is crushed to a further extent in the vertical direction and the lateral sides 313 and 314 are swollen sideways to a further extent, so that the internal pressure becomes excessively large and the bottom side 312 is broken.
Accordingly, when the skeleton member 301a is broken, the flexural rigidity of the structural member 301 becomes extremely low.
The results of the conventional structural members filled with the respective filling materials are shown in the graph of FIG. 26. FIG. 26 shows the results of the sample A and the samples B to D shown in FIGS. 23 to 25. The vertical axis represents the load W applied to the structural member, while the horizontal axis represents the amount of deformation δ.
The load W of the sample B is generally large with respect to that of the sample A, but as the amount of deformation δ increases, the load W gradually decreases.
In the case of the sample C and the sample D, the value of the load W increases in an early stage of deformation, but since the load W sharply decreases while the amount of deformation δ is small, the maximum amount of deformation δ is small.
Absorption energy capable of being absorbed by a structural member during a vehicle collision is nearly equivalent to the result obtained by, letting δ be a small amount of deformation, integrating the load W corresponding to this small amount of deformation from zero to maximum in terms of the amount of deformation δ, i.e., the area below each of the curves. Accordingly, if the load W for each value of the amount of deformation δ can be maintained at a large value and the maximum amount of deformation δ can be increased, the absorption energy of the structural member during the collision can be made large. In addition, if the load W can be made constant, impact energy can be stable absorbed.
In the case of the above-described sample B, the maximum amount of deformation δ is large, but the load W for each value of the amount of deformation δ is not sufficiently large, whereas in the case the samples C and D, the maximum load W is large, but the maximum amount of deformation δ is small. Accordingly, any of the samples B to D is small in total absorption energy, i.e., cannot sufficiently absorbe impact energy.
In the case of the sample C and the sample D, the variation of the load W is large, so that the absorption of impact energy does not stabilize.
In the structure disclosed in Prior Art 6, since individual microspheres are bonded together by an adhesive, solid matter having high rigidity in whole can be formed. However, for example when an impact acts on a skeleton member, if the deformation of each of the microspheres is small, load occurring in the skeleton member sharply increases, so that impact energy cannot be sufficiently absorbed.
In Prior Art 7, as shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, since the granular materials 403 are solidified by the resin material 404, the rigidity of the structural member 402 increases, but the amount of the resin material 404 becomes large to increase the weight of the structural member 402.
In Prior Art 8, as shown in FIG. 29, the mutual bonding of the granular materials 403 by the crosslinking liquid film 411 is based on surface tension, so that bonding force is weak and a large solidified granular material is difficult to form as the solidified granular material 410.
In Prior Art 9, as shown in FIG. 30, the granular materials 403 are solidified by melting the surfaces of the granular materials 403 themselves, so that adjacent ones of the granular materials 403 can be firmly bonded to one another. However, in the case where the granular materials 403 are ceramics, for example, glass, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3: alumina), the granular materials 403 must be heated at a very high temperature. In addition, since special equipment is needed, it is not easy to form the solidified granular material 420.
Accordingly, there is a demand for a skeleton member structure capable of stable absorbing more impact energy in spite of an restrained increase in weight.


The present invention provides an editing apparatus, a reproducing apparatus, and a recording medium for reproducing special effects by full use of the capabilities of the reproducing apparatus. The editing apparatus having original video data and edited data that are a collection of editing codes for performing an editing operation with a desired editing type on a desired portion in the original video data to generate edited video data includes a primary conversion table attaching means for attaching, to the editing video data, a primary conversion table for correlating at least the desired editing type with a standard editing type specified as standard in advance.

In the production of video content, special effects are used in order to provide a plurality of pieces of information, produce variations in screen changeover, and protect privacy on the screen, for example. There are two methods in which these special effects are performed: in one method, a video signal on which special effects have been performed is recorded to a recording medium; and, in the other method, an original video signal is recorded without change while a special effect processing procedure is also recorded in which the recorded original video signal is processed in accordance with the recorded processing procedure at the time of reproduction, thereby reproducing the special effects. The latter is especially referred to as a nondestructive editing in which editing is performed by use of a software application such as QuickTime (hereafter referred to as QT). QT is a software program for managing various data along with the time axis and is an OS extended capability for reproducing and synchronizing moving image, sound, and text for example without use of special hardware.
In each QT file, the basic data unit is referred to as an atom, which includes its data, size, and type information. Further, in each QT file, the minimum unit of data is handled as a sample and a collection of samples is defined as a chunk. A resource atom is a part in which the information necessary for reproducing that file and the information necessary for referencing real data are stored. A data atom is a part in which real data such as video and audio data are stored. QT is disclosed in "INSIDE MACINTOSH: QuickTime (Japanese edition) Addison-Wesley" and other documents.
In the nondestructive editing based on QT, not only the special effects for images, but also the superimposition of characters and graphics may be described in a QT file format in a similar manner. To be more specific, types of special effects, start time, end time, and ID of video on which special effects are performed are recorded to a recording medium in the QT file format. At the time of reproduction, specified types of special effects are performed on the specified video at the specified time, the resultant video being displayed on a display device, thereby reproducing the video provided with the same special effects as those provided by an editor at the time of editing.
Because there are lots of special effects and character fonts, there arises a problem of the inconsistency in the types of installed special effects between the models of reproducing apparatuses. To be more specific, when a recording medium is reproduced by a certain model, video is reproduced with the special effects and character fonts intended by the editor; however, if this recording medium is reproduced by another model, there arises a problem that the video is not reproduced as intended by the editor. In addition, if the video is reproduced by models that cannot recognize the special effects and character fonts used in the video, there arises a problem that the video is reproduced without the special effects and character fonts provided on the video.
Especially, recently, video content is offered by means of various recording media including disk media such as LD, video CD, and DVD in addition to memory cards and network media, so that the problems of the inability of special effect and character font reproduction dependent on the models of reproducing devices are significant.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it may be proposed that the special effects and character fonts be standardized and some of the effects and fonts be specified as essential items. In this approach, however, a problem is expected that, even if there are high-performance reproducing devices including special effects and character fonts other than the essential items, the video content edited by use of the essential items becomes commonplace, eventually losing the chance of using this high performance.
It may also be proposed that the editor performs the editing operation in consideration of some of the models so that the edited video content may be reproduced on particular different models respectively. In this approach, however, there are produced a plurality of edited video content for different models in spite of the same title, thereby pushing up the cost of distribution and delivery. It may also be expected that only the edited video content intended to the models having a large market share be brought on the market, other video content being ignored.

Providing edited video data suitable for efficient use of video reproducing device capabilities


An operation method of an electronic apparatus is provided, wherein a setting procedure of safety mechanism is executed first. The procedure includes: receiving a setting operation through a setting interface so as to select plural sensing units from a sensing unit group; creating a unlocking information according to the setting operation, wherein the unlocking information includes an enabling sequence of the selected sensing units; making the unlocking information associated with the operation function. After finishing the setting procedure of safety mechanism, when a trigger event conforming to the unlocking information is received, the operation corresponding to the unlocking information is executed.

Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to a safety mechanism of an electronic apparatus, and more particularly, to a method of operating an electronic apparatus using plural sensing units to set a safety mechanism.
Description of Related Art
In the age of technological progress, along with emergence of electronic apparatuses with operation capability such as cell phones, tablet computers, notebooks and desktops, the lives and the work habits of people have been changed. Many users prefer to store their important and private data in an electronic apparatus. With the increasing safety awareness of people on the personal data, it is well known to use passwords for controlling the accessing the resources such as computers, databases and communication devices, wherein prior to access the required resources, the user needs to enter a correct password as the verification of authorization for the user to access the required resources. Therefore, in our daily life, almost everywhere you can find a variety of forms of password usages. As a result, how to improve the using safety of an electronic device has become an important issue for the technological development today.

Method of operating an electronic apparatus


A processor for collecting boolean conditions of multiple operations includes a condition collection register which may be written and read in parallel or written serially and into which a single bit is shifted from either the left or the right, and a processor instruction decoder that decodes one operand register addresses as a read address for the condition collection register, and three operand register addresses as a write address for said condition collection register.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to computer architecture and digital systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to a means for collecting boolean conditions of multiple operations in a microprocessor.
2. Description of Related Art
It is useful in certain applications to be able to perform a series of computer operations, be they boolean, logical, or arithmetic, and to produce a single word containing a number of bits, each bit representing a boolean result for one of the operations performed. An example of this resides in a common graphics two-dimensional window clipping. In such a clipping, the final boolean result--TRUE or FALSE--refers to whether a point on a plane lies inside a rectangular region bounded by cartesian coordinates (X.sub.1, Y.sub.1) (X.sub.2, Y.sub.1), (X.sub.1, Y.sub.2) and (X.sub.2, Y.sub.2). Whether the point resides in such a region may be determined by determining whether the X coordinate of the point is less than X.sub.1, whether the X coordinate of the point is greater than X.sub.2, whether the Y coordinate of the point is less than Y.sub.1, and whether the Y coordinate of the point is greater than Y.sub.2. The results of these four determinations can be used to construct a four-bit word embodying TRUE (the relevant coordinate is less or greater as asked) or FALSE (the relevant coordinate is not less or greater as asked). Of course, four FALSE's means the point does lie in the rectangular region. Assuming TRUE's and FALSE's can take on values 1 and 0, respectively, the result of each operation can be placed into a four-bit word that will be zero if the point is in the rectangular region, and non-zero otherwise.
Heretofore, collection of conditions as described above has been handled two different ways. One way involves condition collection by software. In this technique, several simple computer operations are used to generate an operation result, to reduce this result to a single bit indicating whether the result is TRUE or FALSE, and then to shift or to rotate this bit into a multi-bit word containing other conditions. In some embodiments of this type of condition collecting, several steps are combined. However, in all cases two or more operations are required to process each condition collected. Thus, this manner of condition collecting is generally inefficient.
The second prior art way of collecting conditions involves hardware. In this technique, a special computer instruction is created, and special computer hardware added, to allow conditions to be collected, but with constraints on just which operations can contribute to the collection. An example of this is the 34010 graphics processor manufactured by Texas Instruments Incorporated of Dallas, Tex. This processor contains a special window clipping operation that performs multiple comparisons, and that places the comparison results in a special register. Shortcomings of this approach are that the instruction set of the processor must be modified and that a programmer cannot readily specify arbitrary conditions to be collected.
Based on the foregoing, it is clear that it is a shortcoming and deficiency of the prior art that there is nowhere disclosed or suggested an apparatus or method lacking multiple software operations per conditions collected, allowing collection of a series of conditions produced by operations of arbitrary type, and obviating need for a change to the instruction set of a processor to which it may be added.
Although there are no known prior art teachings of a solution to the aforementioned deficiency and shortcoming such as that disclosed and claimed herein, a number of prior art references exist that discuss subject matter that bears some relation to matters discussed herein. Such prior art references are U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,212,076, 3,982,229 and 4,525,776. Each of these references is discussed briefly below.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,212,076 to Conners is directed to a digital computer structure in which boolean logic operations control arithmetic logic operations. Conners' digital computer structure performs chained boolean logic processing on any selected bit of various selected words held in memory. Then, Conners' structure uses the logic processing result by storing it at any selected bit location in any of various selected words held in memory.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,982,229 to Rouse et al. relates to a combinational logic arrangement. Rouse et al. disclose such an arrangement for use in a data processor that selectively performs a plurality of bit manipulations or logic operations including shift, rotate and insert under mask. Rouse et al.'s arrangement is controlled by a single instruction format which specifies the parameters needed for each of the operations.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,525,776 to Eldumiati et al. teaches an arithmetic logic unit that moves, in response to instructions residing in an instruction register, any bit from any position in a source to any bit position in a destination in a single instruction interval.
Review of each of the foregoing patents reveals no disclosure or suggestion of a system or method such as that described and claimed herein.

Processor having decoder for decoding unmodified instruction set for addressing register to read or write in parallel or serially shift in from left or right


A mobile work and supply station, to hold and transport tools and building materials. The mobile work and supply station has a generally rectangular cart frame, a center section set within the generally rectangular cart frame, a top shelf running across the top of the generally rectangular cart frame, a horizontal shelf running across the top of the center section, a hinged foldable desk table in the front facing of the center section, a plurality of locking wheels, a plurality of eyelets on the top ends of the four vertical legs to accommodate a lifting device, a plurality of hollow cylindrical tubes to hold any elongated tools, building materials and blueprints and a plurality of containers within the center section for holding the tools and building materials.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a portable building contractor's work and supply station. More particularly, the work and supply station is provided with a foldable blueprint desk and crane eyelets to lift the work and supply station in a multiple story worksite.
2. Description of the Related Art
Having the right workstation and tools are important for any type of building contractor in order to do any work safely and correctly. Having a mobile workstation that can hold and organize a contractor's equipment and supplies helps the contractor to stay organized and be efficient. There are many such workstations that are well-known and are reflected in the related art.
U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2001/0045718 published on Nov. 29, 2001, outlines the use of a multiple function jobsite work cart in which the basic component is a wheel-based cart having a base, two opposing sides perpendicular to the base and is capable of being rolled in a horizontal or vertical orientation. With the incorporation of additional components including dividers, steps, a door, frames, outriggers, stabilizing bars, brackets and others, the cart can be configured as a materials cart, wheelbarrow, storage cart, scaffold, ladder, dolly, sheet support and other structures useful in a working jobsite setting.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,905,480 issued to Giovannelli on Sep. 22, 1959, outlines the use of a portable carry-all cart, which can be easily converted for a variety of different purposes. The portable carry-all cart has a plurality of hinged compartments on its top and sides, is easy to assemble and disassemble and is wheeled for mobility.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,964,328 issued to Muir on Dec. 13, 1960, outlines the use of a cart for conveniently transporting, storing and supporting a variety of hand tools such as those employed by millwrights, plumbers and automotive mechanics.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,118,685 issued to Jordan on Jan. 21, 1964, outlines the use of a carpentry accessory that more particularly relates to a combination tool chest and workbench that can be moved from place to place.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,771,848 issued to Claywell on Nov. 13, 1973, outlines the use of a portable tool chest having a tool storage facility mounted within a storage cabinet and a work bench connectable to the cabinet so as to act as a closure when the chest is being transported or engaged in performing work in relation to the cabinet.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,120,549 issued to Bureau on Oct. 17, 1978, outlines the use of a support for elevating a tool chest to a spaced distance above the level of a work-bench area of a roll-around cabinet. The roll-around cabinet is provided with a hollow shell defined by an upstanding front wall, rear wall and a pair of sidewalls, all of uniform height and made of sheet material. Angle irons are also secured peripherally around the upper inside of the walls to receive and seat the bottom of the tool chest.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,288,134 issued to Knaack et al. on Sep. 8, 1981, outlines the use of a storage cabinet usable for the storage of tools and other equipment at a desired location such as a jobsite, with the cabinet having improved structure for strength, security against theft, ease of packaging and shipment and improved utility.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,733,703 issued to Cimino on Mar. 29, 1988, outlines the use of a combination workbench and tool-chest. The structure includes a working surface supported by a rigid frame. Tool storage provisions include pegboards, shelves and drawers that are mounted on the rigid frame. A set of removable security panels is mounted in grooves or tracks in the frame to enclose the sides of the frame and tools. When the panels are in place, they interact with each other so that only one lock is needed to secure all of the sides of the bench.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,743,040 issued to Breveglieri et al. on May 10, 1988, outlines the use of a wheeled movable cart for the transport of cleaning utensils. The wheeled movable cart can be used by a cleaning person to efficiently carry any necessary implements needed for normal cleaning duties.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,976,450 issued to Ellefson on Dec. 11, 1990, outlines the use of a mechanic's tool chest with a plurality of cantilevered horizontal pivotal tool trays mounted on the chest with a plurality of drawers enclosed within inwardly recessed top, rear, and side panels. The tool trays are pivotally mounted on posts, which are vertically extendible from the corners of the chest for positioning tool trays in an elevated position over vehicle fenders or similar structures.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,224,531 issued to Blohm on Jul. 6, 1993, outlines the use of a portable apparatus for storing tools in an organized fashion and which also converts to a combination saw table, router table and workbench. The apparatus can be readily maneuvered, loaded into a truck bed and stored when folded. It also provides a rigid work surface with easy tool access when in the set-up position.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,005 issued to Norton on Jan. 3, 1995, outlines the use of a portable tool truck with a molded plastic body with a compartment formed in the front face of the body which is adapted to retain tools therein. A first door is mounted at one side of the body and a second door is mounted at the opposite side of the body. The doors pivot in opposite directions into an overlapping arrangement that seals off the compartment. Numerous tool storage pockets, slots and apertures are defined in the tool truck body and in the faces of both doors to retain a plethora of diverse tools from within.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,452,908 issued to Bencic on Sep. 26, 1995, outlines the use of a collapsible work stowage cart with a storage chest for holding work equipment therein. A toolbox is on the storage chest for carrying hand-tools. A foldable worktable is also on the storage chest at which manual work is done. A structure is provided for moving the storage chest along a generally flat horizontal surface, when the cart is changed from a working mode into a transporting mode.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,566,961 issued to Snell et al. on Oct. 22, 1996, outlines the use of a modular storage unit that includes a plurality of shelf components having a bottom portion and at least one upstanding shelf end wall. The components are removably secured together by a plurality of flanges and a plurality of flange receiving slots. The plurality of flanges and the plurality of flange receiving slots are individually and selectively formed in the shelf components.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,588,659 issued to Boes et al. on Dec. 31, 1996, outlines the use of a tool cart generally in the form of an upright stand provided with unique structural features to enable a large number of tools to be supported in an accessible position. The stand includes a pair of wheels, which do not engage a supporting surface, when the stand is upright, but do engage a supporting surface when the stand is tilted to provide a mobile cart that can be easily moved to a site of use of the tools supported by the cart.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,634,649 issued to Breining et al. on Jun. 3, 1997, outlines the use of an apparatus for making available tools and materials that contain a frame, which is formed from a lower frame element and uprights fixed thereto. Closed storage containers for tools and materials can be individually fitted to the frame. The storage containers can be matched to the specific use. The apparatus contains at least three bearing points, which are preferably formed by rolls or wheels.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,642,898 issued to Wise on Jul. 1, 1997, outlines the use of a tool cart designed and configured to receive a number of diverse accessories. The steel frame of the tool cart is fully machined and has a powder coating. Numerous pre-existing holes in the frame allow the consumer to select a wide number of accessories for the cart. This permits the consumer to adapt the cart to fit his or her special needs. The tool cart also includes a bolted on toolbox for storing and securing tools and a power strip for providing electricity to the various accessories.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,725,037 issued to Faulhaber on Mar. 10, 1998, outlines the use of a multi-functional portable workshop that serves as a tool storage box in combination with a workbench. This invention not only provides safe tool storage from thieves, but also provides several highly advantageous work surfaces and is readily portable as well. Along with providing several work surfaces, this tool storage box also provides ways in which other useful tools and devices can be attached to the external surface of the tool storage box.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,086,073 issued to Tisbo et al. issued on Jul. 11, 2000, outlines the use of a portable work center that is formed from molded plastic panels having reinforced steel corner posts and a tool-storage worktop. A plurality of swing doors and storage compartments compliment the portable work center.
Although each of these patents and publications outline the use of novel and useful workstations, what is really needed is a provision to allow a contractor to use a crane or other lifting device to carry a workstation from building floor to building floor and or use a building's elevators as the unit is designed to fit in a building elevator to accommodate removal of the unit from floor to floor during renovations and new construction while working on a building with multiple building floors. Such a workstation would address a need that many contractors and subcontractors have currently while working on multiple story projects.
None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed. Thus a mobile supply unit and blueprint desk solving the aforementioned problems is desired.

Mobile work and supply station with crane eyelets and blueprint desk


A portable electronic device including a calendar application operable to display a calendar application at a first time and first timescale as well as a second time and second timescale different from the first time and first timescale, and an input unit operable to detect a movement of the portable electronic device, wherein the calendar application proceeds to the second time or second timescale from the first time or first timescale upon detection of the movement.

The present invention relates to electronic calendar applications, and more particularly, to mobile electronic calendar applications that enable a user to navigate the time and timescale illustrated by a calendar display in response to user movements of a portable electronic device.
Advances in computing technologies have enabled smaller devices, such as mobile phones and tablets, to execute more sophisticated applications. As a result, users are able to perform many of the functions on their mobile phones and tablets that they previously performed on their personal computers and laptops. For example, users are now able to view websites, e-mail, and calendars on their mobile phones and tablets.
A drawback of smaller devices is their reduced display size. In order to maximize the display size of these smaller devices, touch screen interfaces are often used. The use of a touch screen eliminates the need for a separate keypad such that additional space can be dedicated to a display. In addition, touch screens eliminate the need for a pointer object (e.g., arrow or cursor) within the display. Although touch screens help to maximize display size on mobile phones and tablets, their small displays still present challenges to application developers.
Calendar entries may include dense amounts of information. Such information is easier to view and comprehend when viewed on the larger screen sizes that are typically found on desktop monitors and laptops. The much smaller screens on mobile phones and tablets make it difficult for a user to quickly find, navigate, and comprehend the dense information that may be included in some calendar applications.
For example, when opening a calendar timeline interface, a user initially views a time position (e.g., certain time and/or date) and may navigate in time from that time position. There are several ways to navigate a calendar application such as triggering a search, opening a calendar entry, or clicking on a particular date. Unfortunately, there is no method that allows a user to navigate a calendar based on detected movements of a portable electronic device. Thus, there is a need for a more navigable mobile calendar application that easily allows a user to navigate time position (i.e., hour, day, week, month, and year).

Method and device for navigating time and timescale using movements


A method which provides for level monitoring of an elevator car within a hoistway at a plurality of floors by providing a plurality of sensed signals which is indicative of an elevator position of the elevator car relative to a plurality of targets having a plurality of light absorptive surfaces and a plurality of light interactive regions, the plurality of targets mounted within the hoistway at the plurality of floors. The plurality of sensed signals is processed to provide a leveling variable, a floor number variable and a direction of travel variable which indicate a direction of travel of the elevator car within the hoistway. The leveling variable, floor number variable and direction of travel variable are stored at a remote elevator monitoring central processor.

The existing method for determining leveling signals for remote elevator monitoring systems uses bar magnets at one floor and a magnetic proximity probe assembly comprising three proximity sensors typically installed on the top of an elevator car for ease of installation and maintenance. The magnets which excite the sensors are installed in a hoistway. Several mounting methods can be employed to affix the magnets. The magnets are typically glued and clamped to the rail.
Monitoring of elevator leveling determines how accurately the elevator car has stopped at a floor and is performed at one master floor in existing monitoring systems. A leveling signal as well as a controller derived direction of travel signal is sent to a counter which maintains a count that is used to keep track of elevator car position in the hoistway. A third signal, sync, is used as a reset to the counter thereby eliminating long term drift in the count caused by noise on a landing signal line.
Currently, the proximity probe assembly consists of three sensors. One sensor is used for determining elevator leveling at the master floor, one senses each landing or floor as the elevator car passes the floor, and the third is used to synchronize the counter. The array of three magnets is aligned so as to excite the three sensors and is typically installed on the first floor. At all other floors, only the magnet that triggers the landing signal is installed. The magnets are typically 15 cm in length.
An installation of the existing method would begin by affixing the magnetic proximity probe assembly to the top of the elevator car. Next, the magnets would be mounted in the hoistway at each floor either on the rail, on brackets, or on string supports. To position the magnets, the installer would, from the top of the elevator car, move the elevator car to the appropriate floor. He would determine that the elevator car is level at the floor by looking down the front of the elevator car and aligning the floor of the elevator car with the floor. This is an inexact method for installation because the width of an opening from the front of the elevator car to a front wall of the hoistway is only a few centimeters while the distance from the installer to the floor is over several meters. However, this is not critical because of the length of the magnets. It is critical that the elevator car be level with the floor when the sensor which detects landing detects the magnet at that floor.
One disadvantage of the current system is that it is inherently inaccurate due to the guesswork involved in determining when the elevator car is level at a floor as well as the positioning of the magnet. A second disadvantage is that the current system is expensive to install relative to the present invention. Another disadvantage is that leveling of the elevator car is performed at only one floor.

Method for monitoring elevator leveling performance with improved accuracy


The present invention generally concerns an exercise frame. More specifically, a frame, named the Body Coach, includes a base with both wheeled and un-wheeled stabilizers, two pivoting posts, and extending slats having dip handles and pullup bar holders. The frame is small and mimics heights normal to larger caged stations in gyms, which provide a greater natural resistance for calisthenics. Retractable slats, telescopically housed in each post, extend a pullup bar upward at heights up to 7.00′. An A/R band rests in a space between the two posts. Both the band's tautness and its vertical placement within the space, relative to the extended height of the pullup bar, are adjustable. Each post pivots downward for easy storage, but, in use, the frame is sturdy, centered, and reconfigures to a user's specific height and range of motion for unmanned assistance or resistance training.

We rarely think of gravity as a practical or useful thing, a beneficial tool, for the body. One mention of gravity and our imaginations run wild with sci-fi tendencies of time travel related to space time curvatures and unknown energies. But, beyond the thought of that, and us flying off into space without a constant pull to the earth's surface, gravity greatly influences human physiology and wellness. This force benefits human health and wellness in ways we take for granted.
Simple calisthenics like, sit ups, pullups, dips, chin-ups, squats, or a simple jog uphill works muscle groups that benefit from nature's resistance. Gravity's downward pull increases muscle mass and bone density. Any time one picks up a weight for strength training, the user benefits from the resistance provided by gravity.
But, each one is different. Some bodies are infirmed. They suffer from trauma that leads to a limited range of motion in the upper body. The natural resistance we feel every day makes simple movements like lifting one's arm very hard. People assigned to physical therapy or rehabilitation suffer from a limited range of motion or lack a good core stability. For less complicated upper body and shoulder rehab, doctors tell patients to do assisted calisthenics like those listed above.
Pullups, chin ups, and dips engage the back and shoulders to improve strength about the chest, pectorals, lats, rhomboids, and trapezius muscles. Beginners often perform easier versions of the exercises building up to unassisted calisthenics. Hanging from a low-lying bar, while one's feet touches the ground for several seconds, works the upper shoulder blades. Slanting one's body under a bar, with extension of the feet, in an inverted row fashion, can work the chest and shoulders. With palms facing in, one sitting under a bar can do assisted chin-ups to work their biceps.
For assisted pullups and chin-ups, resistance bands are often slip knotted to pullup bars that are 6.00′ to 7.00′ high on large exercise frames. A riser is used as a step ladder to allow the user to grab the elevated bar. The user places their foot in the open portion of the band and begins the pullup motion. Resistance bands are typically color coded to give an indication of its elasticity and load bearing capabilities. Bands made of less material give less resistance and, therefore, less assistance, where the user is made to shoulder most of their body weight during the exercise. Even in a healthy state, this process can be physically difficult for most people.
My frame, called the Body Coach, helps people unable to perform natural calisthenics on their own. The present invention is small and mimics heights normal to larger caged stations in gyms, which provide a greater natural resistance for calisthenics. The Body Coach allows a user to off load a portion of their weight when their knees are rested across an A/R band at adjustable heights relative to three key vertical stops for an extended pullup bar. The tautness of the band can also be adjusted to provide an extra measure of comfort when using the frame to improve overall core stability and upper body strength. With their knees comfortably supported by the band, a user extends their torso and arms upward to grab the pullup bar or dip handles to perform pullups, chin-ups, or dips even with a limited range of motion.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,527,242 and 5,662,556, both to Gangloff, disclose a foldable exercise machine for pullups. Vertical bar supports are connected to a base and the space between the supports accepts a user's torso. While lying on the ground, the user pulls up on the bar, where their chin touches the bar to achieve a limited pullup motion.
U.S. Pat. No. 10,052,511 to Brown discloses a triceps dip stand. Brown's frame includes stabilizing legs that are welded to outer uprights having retractable means to vertically extend handgrips. Horizontal cross members allow lateral movement of each handgrip, and locking pins and apertures are used to fix their vertical and horizontal positions. However, the frame is not wholly collapsible. It cannot be fully disassembled for storage. The welded nature of the frame will not allow pivoting of the outer uprights down to a floor (see Brown at FIG. 1 numerals 74, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, and 90). Brown's frame lacks the ability for unmanned assistance or resistive training for user's having varied physical range of motion by a weight bearing resistance band.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,925,871 to Luedeka discloses an assisted body weight trainer that is a large steel frame incorporating resistance bands of varying widths across many points. Luedeka uses rubber strength bands that matches the width of his frame, being 41.00″ or roughly 3.40′ wide. Luedeka calculated how much assistance each width of the band provides. The band can be used for assistance or resistant training. However, the frame is large enough for a person to step inside it, which would make it at least 6.50′ to 8.00′ tall from a floor.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,895,564 to Katz discloses an adjustable exercise device. Katz gives a pair of upper and lower supports, where both upper supports are permanently connected to a cylindrical bar. The upper supports are telescopically connected to lower supports to allow for minimal vertical adjustment of the cylindrical bar, where one can perform unassisted but modified pullups. The cylindrical bar has holes that accept handgrips, where each handgrip is directly attached to the bar and not the supports. The lower supports are substantial T-shaped, rigid, and are unable to rotate into a downward position. Also note that, Katz's frame stays relatively close to a floor, not reaching the heights of the current invention.
U.S. Pat. App. No. 2013/0178338A, as field by Ross, discloses an extended pullup bar with telescoping tubes.
U.S. Pat. App. No. 2010/0190612A, as filed by Cook, discloses a large exercise frame with a pullup bar that can hold a punching bag.
Int. Pub. No. WO 2009/109793, as field by Becsey, discloses an exercise unit wherein two interconnecting posts are mated to an H-type base and gripping tubes using four non-releasable joints. The H-type base rests on a floor. The interconnected posts may fold down onto the H-type base and the gripping tubes may fold down onto the interconnected posts for storage. The gripping tubes have handles but also have holes to accommodate hinges located about the same. This frame also includes a support brace for the invention when used in a tilted, or inverted, position. The invention lacks a pullup bar that can extend to the heights of the current invention.
None of the above references teach an exercise frame of a personal size that extends a pullup bar upward at heights up to 7.00′ to mimic heights normal to larger caged stations in gyms. My frame reconfigures to a user's specific height and range of motion for unmanned assistance or resistance training for pullups, dips, or chin-ups by adjusting an A/R band's tautness and vertical placement relative to the extended height of the pullup bar. The frame's posts pivot downward for easy storage. Therefore, there is a need for the present invention.


A fluid connector assembly comprising a reversible connector body having female and male end portions. The male end portion having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the female end portion. The female end portion including an internal bore extending through the female end portion from an annular opening to an inner seat. The male end portion including an internal bore extending from an abutment face at a head end of the male end portion to an opening at the female end portion inner seat. A first tube having a concave flared end installed on the inner seat of the reversible connector body engages a spherical/convex flared end of a second tube installed on the abutting face of another reversible connector body when the male end portion of the another reversible connector body is installed in the female end portion of the reversible connector body.

Hydraulic fluid systems are commonly used in motor vehicle braking systems. A supply of hydraulic braking fluid is provided in a master cylinder and, upon actuation of the brake pedal, applied at elevated pressure (i.e., 2000 psi) to individual wheel cylinders. In turn, wheel cylinders urge frictional surfaces into contact to generate a braking force. Therefore, several component interfaces exist in motor vehicle braking systems that must maintain a relatively high brake fluid hydraulic pressure throughout the service of the braking system.
Threaded connectors are commonly used to attach brake tubing to the various braking system components in the manufacture of such braking systems. Such connectors typically include a nut having external threads situated over a flared tube end that is inserted into a mating threaded hole in the braking system component to which the tube is to be attached. Any leakage of the hydraulic brake fluid is unacceptable. Poor brake connector sealing robustness causes substantial repair labor and first run inhibition at the assembly plants.
Currently, there are two families of standardized mass-produced brake connectors utilized in the automotive industry. The first class is based on the interaction of a male type (convex) seat situated inside connector's port (hole/recess) and extending into it. Accordingly, a female (concave) flare with its inner surface dedicated for abutment against the seat with the purpose of forming the fluid seal, is required. This class is represented by the JASO/SAE connector design. Its nominal sealing surfaces' shape is a frustum (portion of a cone with cut off vertex). Its double inverted flare (funnel or trumpet) has inner (concave) frustum which is intended for sealing onto "external" (convex) frustum (seat) of the port. The design is defined by SAE J533 and JASO F402 standards (which are similar to each other).
The second class of tube flared connectors incorporates the reversed combination—a female type (concave) seat interacting with a male type (convex) flare. This class is represented by the ISO connector design. It incorporates the flare (bubble) with its external surface dedicated for abutment against the seat with the purpose of forming the fluid seal. Nominal shape of its sealing surface is also frustoconical. The frustoconical concave seat is an integrated part of the connector port (hole/recess) and there is no other portion extending into the port. The ISO design is defined by the SAE standard J1290.
Good and robust connector sealing may be expected only if adequate clamping force is developed onto the contact ring of sufficient size between the sealing surfaces. There is a fundamental shortcoming of frustum to frustum mating and therefore prior-art brake tube fittings are designed specifically for the type of tubing flare used. This required the use a specific fitting for the type of tubing flare used by the braking system. In many retrofitted braking systems, a combination of SAE and ISO tube flared connectors are used leading to a potential for fluid leaks, increased maintenance costs as well as, increased inventory costs for maintaining an inventory of specialized fittings.
Therefore, the present invention describes a single fitting that can be arranged to fit either SAE or ISO flared tubing and that can connect and make a fluid tight seal between brake line tubing having SAE and ISO flares.


A method for detecting network attacks is provided. In one implementation, the method receives a plurality of attack indications based on data transmitted on the network and applies rules to the plurality of attack indications. Also, the method generates an alert if an application of at least a subset of the rules on the plurality of attack indications indicates a potential attack. In addition, a network device that performs the method and a computer program corresponding to the method are provided.

In recent years, the Internet rapidly has changed the way that people access information. The World Wide Web ("WWW" or "Web") is the most popular manner in which people access and retrieve information via the Internet, and the Web enables users to access a vast number of resources from locations all around the world. In addition, businesses, enterprises, and other organizations can use software applications or "Web applications" to provide information to others via the Web and to conduct business and other transactions over the Web.
As web-based front ends continue to expand traditional web applications, an ever-growing amount of information, which is stored in corporate databases, is becoming available on the Web. While increasing the availability of this information has extended the business practices of many organizations beyond their traditional boundaries, it also increases the amount of sensitive information that is available to a growing number of employees, business partners, suppliers, on-line customers, etc.
As such, many businesses and other organizations have become weary of the vulnerability of their Web applications, databases, and sensitive information to attacks from malicious, irresponsible, or criminally-minded individuals or organizations. These organizations have heavily invested in security, such as anti-virus software and firewalls, so that they can prevent these attacks and safely use the Web. Particularly, organizations have deployed application level security systems to protect their Web applications and information.
Application level security systems have generally prevented attacks by restricting the network level access to the Web applications based on the applications' attributes. For example, these security systems may constantly monitor and gather requests received at interfaces and at various application components, correlate the application requests, and compare them with predetermined application profiles. These profiles include application attributes, such as uniform resource locators ("URLs"), cookies, user information, Internet protocol ("IP") addresses, structured query language ("SQL") query statements, and many others. These attributes determine the normal behavior of the protected application. If one or more application requests do not match the application profile, a security system may generate an "irregular" event and, in turn, generate an alert identifying a potential attack.
One disadvantage of these security systems is that they generate an alert identifying a potential attack based only on a single irregular event. As a result, the systems generate a relatively high number of false alarms, which reduces the accuracy and efficiency of the systems and which reduces their ability to protect the Web applications and sensitive information.

Correlation engine for detecting network attacks and detection method


The present invention has, in order along the optical axis from the object side: a first lens group (G1) that has positive refractive power; a second lens group (G2) that has negative refractive power; a third lens group (G3) that has positive refractive power; a fourth lens group (G4) that has positive refractive power; and a fifth lens group (G5). The fourth lens group (G4) is constituted by a single positive lens (L41), and the fifth lens group (G5) is constituted by a single lens (L51), which is fixed with respect to an image plane while power is being varied. The following conditional expression (1) is satisfied. 0.9<β2t·β3w/(β2w·β3t)<1.7 . . . (1), where β2w denotes a magnification of the second lens group (G2) in the wide-angle end state, β3w denotes a magnification of the third lens group (G3) in the wide-angle end state, β2t denotes a magnification of the second lens group (G2) in the telephoto end state, and β3t denotes a magnification of the third lens group (G3) in the telephoto end state.

Conventionally, a zoom lens has been proposed as a zoom lens with a high zoom ratio comprising, in order from an object along the optical axis, a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having negative refractive power, a third lens group having positive refractive power, and a fourth lens group having positive refractive power, wherein zooming is performed by moving the lens groups. (For example, see the patent document below.)

Zoom lens, optical apparatus and method for manufacturing the zoom lens


A system capable of operation with dynamic sockets includes a plurality of communications devices. Each of the plurality of communications devices includes high band channel radio resources capable of communications at 900-2800 MHz and socket radio resources capable of communications at 30-1000 MHz. The high band channel radio resources and the socket radio resources are significantly separated in frequency so that the high band channel radio resources and the socket radio resources are suitable for concurrent operation with no interference and minimal isolation, co-site problems to solve in each of the plurality of communications devices. The plurality of communications devices are connected to a unifying mesh network by the high band channel radio resources. The unifying mesh network is suitable for allowing the plurality of communications devices to communicate with one another. When data needs to be transferred among a group of communications devices, a dynamic socket connection is negotiated on the unifying mesh network and is then formed with the socket radio resources. The dynamic socket formation is suitable for allowing the unifying mesh network to offload continuous receiver-directed or multicast traffic from the unifying mesh network channel and to free up public ad hoc communications bandwidth of the unifying mesh network.

Software Defined Radios (SDRs) methodology is rapidly gaining favor as a way to architect and design radio communication systems with greatly improved interoperability and ability to accommodate future waveform variants. SDR refers to wireless communication in which the transmitter modulation is generated or defined by a computer, and the receiver uses a computer to recover the signal intelligence. To select the desired modulation type, the proper programs are run by microcomputers that control the transmitter and receiver. A typical voice SDR transmitter, such as may be used in mobile two-way radio or cellular telephone communication, include the following stages, where items followed by asterisks represent computer-controlled circuits whose parameters are determined by the programming (software): (1) Microphone; (2) Audio amplifier; (3) Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that converts the voice audio to digital data*; (4) Modulator that impresses the digital intelligence onto a radio-frequency (RF) carrier*; (5) Series of amplifiers that boosts the RF carrier to the power level necessary for transmission; and (6) Transmitting antenna. A typical receiver designed to intercept the above-described voice SDR signal may employ the following stages, essentially reversing the transmitter's action, where items followed by asterisks represent programmable circuits: (1) Receiving antenna; (2) Superheterodyne system that boosts incoming RF signal strength and converts it to a lower frequency; (3) Demodulator that separates the digital intelligence from the RF carrier*; (4) Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that generates a voice waveform from the digital data*; (5) Audio amplifier; and (6) Speaker, earphone, and/or headset. The most significant asset of SDR is versatility. Wireless systems employ protocols that vary from one service to another. Even in the same type of service, for example, cellular telephones, the protocol often differs from country to country. A single SDR set with an all-inclusive software repertoire may be used in any mode, anywhere in the world. Changing the service type, the mode, and/or the modulation protocol involves simply selecting and executing the requisite computer program. The ultimate goal of SDR engineers is to provide a single radio transceiver capable of playing the roles of cordless telephone, cell phone, wireless fax, wireless e-mail system, pager, wireless videoconferencing unit, wireless Web browser, Global Positioning System (GPS) unit, and other functions still in the realm of science fiction, operable from any location on the surface of the earth, and perhaps in space as well.
With a growing demand for wireless applications and the fixed RF spectrum, research programs such as Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)'s neXt Generation (XG) are examining the possibility of re-application of spectral resources in an ad hoc manner by sensing current usage and temporarily claiming unused portions of the RF spectrum. To date, programs have proposed or demonstrated a limited set of waveforms for application on XG. However, with the emergence of SDRs, the possibility exists not only for detection of spectral re-use opportunities and filling with a fixed or parameterized waveform such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or the like, but also for selection of more comprehensive waveform characteristics such as modulation, channel coding, and TRANsmission SECurity (TRANSEC) algorithms.
Quint Networking Technology (QNT) is a DARPA-led technology program to produce a very small and modular digital communications system for a variety of ground and airborne applications. QNT may be used by dismounted air controllers and incorporated into weapons and small unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) so that these platforms may network with tactical aircraft and unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs) in order to better synchronize airborne and ground activities, as well as provide enhanced targeting information. The program may combine hardware miniaturization and special software to enable ad hoc bandwidth allocation to meet the dynamic demands of combat operations. The program may be targeting connectivity between dismounted soldiers, small UAVs, tactical UAVs, weapons, and manned aircraft. Low power, small size, link robustness, high throughput, low latency, mobility and ad hoc connectivity are driving requirements for the QNT system. QNT may bring historically disadvantaged users and platforms into the Global Information Grid (GIG) as active participants and extends new levels of capability to disposable low cost radios.
One key to QNT success is to maintain highly dynamic ad hoc operation such as is accomplished with Tactical Targeting Network Technology (TTNT)/TTNT SFF (Small Form Factor) while operating for long periods of time in a low power, small form factor, battery powered device over significant distances. Thus, for power, propagation, and computational efficiency reasons, it is desirable to provide a method and system for leveraging the TTNT ad hoc behavior and extends it to the UHF (Ultra High Frequency)/VHF (Very High Frequency) bands.


A textile coating composition which has a fast drying rate is disclosed. The coating composition comprises an aryl vinyl monomer, an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer, and an acrylamide-based monomer. The coating composition exhibits a Complete Drying Temperature of less than about 140.degree. C.

This invention relates to a latex suitable for coating a textile substrate. More specifically, the invention relates to a latex which exhibits an improved drying rate subsequent to application to the textile substrate.
Various tuft-lock coatings, carpet-backing adhesives and non-woven binder compositions for textile substrates are known. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,505,156 to Handscomb et al.; 3,695,987 to Wisotzsky; 4,595,617 to Bogdany; 4,808,459 to Smith; and 5,403,640 to Krishnan et al. propose employing several latexes for use as tuft-lock coatings. Recent efforts have focused on providing textile coating compositions which have improved bonding strength so as to impart enhanced mechanical properties to the textile article. In particular, U.S. Pat. No. 5,093,449 to Durney-Cronin et al. proposes a polymer emulsion of styrene-butadiene along with a monoester of maleic acid or fumaric acid. Additionally, U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,118 to Tsuruoka et al. proposes a copolymer latex which comprises a conjugated diene compound, a ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a chain transfer agent which may be selected from various hydrocarbon components.
In addition to providing a textile with enhanced strength properties, there remains a need in the art to improve production rates of various textiles including carpet. In particular, the drying rate of the latex coating after it has been applied to a carpet backing has been found to directly impact carpet production rates. Accordingly, it would be advantageous to improve drying rates of the latex coating while achieving enhanced strength properties of the coated textile article.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a textile latex coating composition which displays an improved rate of drying after application to a textile substrate.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a textile latex coating which imparts improved strength properties to the textile substrate.


A high voltage LDMOS device having high side source voltage, an n type buried layer and a p type buried layer situated on the interface between a p type substrate and an n type epitaxial layer; a lateral surface of the n type buried layer and a lateral surface of the p type buried layer not in contact, and are distant from one another with a distance, thereby increasing the withstand voltage between the n type buried layer and the p type buried layer; the p type buried layer and the drain overlap at least partially in a vertical direction, enabling the p type buried layer to exert a reduced surface field action on the drain, to increase the withstand voltage of the drain against the source; the source and the body terminal centrally on top of the n type buried layer.

An LDMOS device with an increased voltage at source (high side) refers to one whose source cathode is connected with a voltage, such as connected to a same voltage as that of the drain, which is dramatically different from a typical LDMOS device whose source cathode is grounded.
Reference is made to FIG. 1, where an n type LDMOS device with an increased voltage at source (high side) of prior art is shown. An n type buried layer is situated in a p type substrate, and an n type epitaxial layer is situated above on the n type buried layer. The lateral wall of the n type buried layer is in contact with a ring of a p type buried layer, a first p well is situated above the p type buried layer and has a p heavily doped substrate terminal. The first p well, the p type buried layer and the n type buried layer constitutes a bowl shaped isolating ring which isolated the n type epitaxial layer from the p type substrate. A second p well and an n well is situated in the n type epitaxial layer. On the surface of the second p well an n type heavily doped source region and a p type heavily doped body region terminal are situated. In the n type epitaxial layer and on top of the n well, an n type drift region is situated. On the surface of the n type drift region an n type heavily doped drain is situated. On the surface of the n type epitaxial and the n type drift region multiple isolating structures are situated, for isolating the substrate terminal from the drain or the drain from a gate. A gate and a gate oxide layer are situated on the outer side of the source and on top of the second p well, the n type epitaxial layer and n type drift region. A part of the gate is also situated on top of the isolating structure which is on top of the drift region.
The LDMOS device as shown on FIG. 1 can be fabricated by the BCD (bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) technique, and the manufacturing processes can be 0.35 μm. The breakdown voltage of the LDMOS device is subject to two limitations: the first being the breakdown voltage between the n type buried layer and the p type buried layer in the isolating ring structure, the second being the breakdown voltage between the drain and the source. The LDMOS device, due to the limited thickness (less than 4.5 μm) of the n type epitaxial layer and the n type buried layer under the n type epitaxial layer, is unable to withstand voltage in excess of 70v. Even by increasing the length of the n type drift region, the withstand voltage can only be increased up to 50v. Hence, the LDMOS device can only be employed as a power device with an increased voltage at source (high side) whose withstand voltage is 40V.

High voltage LDMOS device with an increased voltage at source (high side) and a fabricating method thereof

Shanghai Huahong Grace Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation


The present invention relates to a method for preparing a variant lipolytic enzyme comprising expressing in a host organism a nucleotide sequence which has at least 90% identity with a nucleotide sequence encoding a fungal lipolytic enzyme and comprises at least one modification at a position which corresponds in the encoded amino acid sequence to a) the introduction of at least one glycosylation site in the amino acid sequence compared with the original fungal lipolytic enzyme; b) the introduction of at least one amino acid at a surface position and at a location in an external loop distal to the active site of the enzyme which is more hydrophilic; or c) a substitution or insertion at one or more of positions disclosed herein or a deletion at one or more positions disclosed herein. The invention also relates to polypeptide produced by the method and to novel nucleic acids.

The beneficial use of lipolytic enzymes (E.C. 3.1.1.x) in food and/or feed industrial applications has been known for many years.
For instance, in EP 0 585 988 it is claimed that lipase addition to dough resulted in an improvement in the antistaling effect. It is suggested that a lipase obtained from Rhizopus arrhizus when added to dough can improve the quality of the resultant bread when used in combination with shortening/fat. WO94/04035 teaches that an improved bread softness can be obtained by adding a lipase to dough without the addition of any additional fat/oil to the dough. Castello, P. ESEGP 89-10 Dec. 1999 Helsinki, shows that exogenous lipases can modify bread volume.
The substrate for lipases in wheat flour is 1.5-3% endogenous wheat lipids, which are a complex mixture of polar and non-polar lipids. The polar lipids can be divided into glycolipids and phospholipids. These lipids are built up of glycerol esterified with two fatty acids and a polar group. The polar group contributes to surface activity of these lipids. Enzymatic cleavage of one of the fatty acids in these lipids leads to lipids with a much higher surface activity. It is well known that emulsifiers, such as DATEM, with high surface activity are very functional when added to dough.
Lipolytic enzymes hydrolyse one or more of the fatty acids from lipids present in the food which can result in the formation of powerful emulsifier molecules within the foodstuff which provide commercially valuable functionality. The molecules which contribute the most significant emulsifier characteristics are the partial hydrolysis products, such as lyso-phospholipids, lyso-glycolipids and mono-glyceride molecules. The polar lipid hydrolysis products, namely lyso-phospholipids and lyso-glycolipids, are particularly advantageous. In bread making, such in situ derived emulsifiers can give equivalent functionality as added emulsifiers, such as DATEM.
However, the activity of lipolytic enzymes has also been found to result in accumulation of free fatty acids, which can lead to detrimental functionality in the foodstuff. This inherent activity of lipolytic enzymes limits their functionality.
The negative effect on bread volume is often explained by overdosing. Overdosing can lead to a decrease in gluten elasticity which results in a dough which is too stiff and thus results in reduced volumes. In addition, or alternatively, such lipases can degrade shortening, oil or milk fat added to the dough, resulting in off-flavour in the dough and baked product. Overdosing and off-flavour have been attributed to the accumulation of free fatty acids in the dough, particularly short chain fatty acids.
The presence of high levels of free fatty acids (FFA) in raw materials or food products is generally recognised as a quality defect and food processors and customers will usually include a maximum FFA level in the food specifications. The resulting effects of excess FFA levels can be in organoleptic and/or functional defects.
In WO2005/087918 novel fungal lipolytic enzymes were identified from Fusarium species, such as Fusarium heterosporum CBS 782.83 which were shown to have a superior quality in certain applications. These enzymes were expressed in Hansenula polymorpha and were found to hydrolyse primarily fatty acids in the sn-1 position of galactolipids and phospholipids in dough.
The problem with some fungal lipolytic enzymes is that expression of the enzyme may be limited and therefore may be costly to produce. For example expression of the enzyme in high amounts suitable for commercial scale activities may be limited. The industry is interested in finding novel lipolytic enzymes which show enhanced expression, particularly if this can be achieved without compromising functionality and/or activity.
Citation or identification of any document in this application is not an admission that such document is available as prior art to the present invention.

Variant lipolytic enzymes and methods for expression thereof


The invention relates to a peptide compound having an improved binding affinity to somatostatin receptors, comprising a somatostatin analogue as the peptide and a chelating group covalently linked to the N-terminal free amino group of said peptide, wherein said somatostatin analogue carries an 1-naphthylalanine or a 3-benzothienylalanine residue in its 3-position. The invention further relates to said peptide compound labeled with a detectable element or with a therapeutic radionuclide, as well as to a diagnostic method and to a method for the therapeutic treatment of tumors, by using the labeled compounds.

The invention relates to a peptide compound having an improved binding affinity to somatostatin receptors, comprising a somatostatin analogue as the peptide and a chelating group covalently linked to the N-terminal free amino group of said peptide
Such peptide compounds and their radiolabelled derivatives can be used for therapy of somatostatin—receptor positive tumors. Detectably labeled somatostatin—peptide compounds are also useful for in vivo imaging. See in this respect the patent publications of Albert et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,753,627; U.S. Pat. No. 5,776,894), of Krenning et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 6,123,916), of De Jong et al. (WO 00/18440), and of Srinivasan et al. (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,804,157; 5,830,431). Albert et al., disclose complexed somatostatin peptides for in vivo imaging of somatostatin receptor—positive tumors, which peptides are derived from somatostatin analogues, carrying an optionally substituted phenylalanine residue or a beta- or 2-naphthylalanine residue in its 3-position. Selective internal tumor therapy with radiolabelled peptides has become very important in nuclear medicine in the past years. Especially somatostatin derivatives have been successfully applied in the clinic for tumor diagnosis and therapy, showing that the principle of receptor targeting is working in practice. For more than four years already much experience has been gained in clinical trials with the use of 90Y—labeled DOTA-[Tyr3]-octreotide (DOTA-TOC) for tumor therapy (M. de Jong: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 26, 1999, 693–698). Yet DOTA-TOC only shows high affinity to the somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst 2), whereas the affinity to other somatostatin subtypes, in particular sst 3 and sst 5, which are found also in a variety of tumors, is too low to contribute essentially to tumor targeting. For example, most thyroid tumors express these last-mentioned somatostatin receptor subtypes, but have only low levels of sst 2 (E. B. Forssell-Aronsson et al.: J. Nucl. Med. 41, 2000, 636–642).

Peptide compounds having improved binding affinity to somatostatin receptors


Systems, technologies and techniques for generating a customized classification model are disclosed. The system and technologies, such as THOMSON REUTERS SELF-SERVICE CLASSIFICATION™, employ part machine learning and part an user interactive approach to generate a customized classification model. The system combines a novel approach for text classification using a smaller initial set of data to initiate training, with a unique workflow and user interaction for customization.

Companies are accumulating voluminous amounts of data. They generate and receive countless amounts of documents, emails, reports and other content daily. The ability to classify documents to specific topics and create classification models allows for improvement in document search, an increase in productivity, a reduction in storage costs and an aid in analytics in order to better leverage the data. Professionals often face the need to identify specific information within large amounts of unstructured documents. For example, a professional interested in "gold mining", cannot afford to read every news document that mentions the word "gold". Many organizations and users resort to manually classifying their documents due to a lack of appropriate tools. This manual classification process can be labor intensive, time consuming, expensive, and error prone.
An alternative to manual classification is training Machine Learning models that will perform the classification. However, creating training data for such models could be labor intensive, and building and training such models requires Machine Learning expertise.
Typically, the classification process would start with an extensive training set that explicitly identifies positive and negative documents covering a topic. For example with 50 topics, the user would need to label a set of at least 20 K documents, with each document exhaustively labeled by tagging and identifying every topic the document covers. As such an amount of labeling is daunting, users may turn instead to ad hoc rule based solutions, which are inadequate and very hard to maintain. Additionally, a typical user is not a computer science professional and may not have the means to develop a machine learning solution to expedite the process.
Accordingly, current tools for generating a classification model require extensive training sets, which are hard to curate and do not allow the user to improve the baseline quality of the model. Our systems and techniques address both of these problems.


Disclosed herein is a novel physical form of low molecular weight poly(trimethylene terephthalate). This form may be produced from molten low molecular weight poly(trimethylene terephthalate) material by means of rapid heat transfer from the material. The poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composition is suitable for use as a starting material for solid-state polymerization in order to produce polymers of higher molecular weight.

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate), herein abbreviated 3GT, may be useful in many materials and products in which polyesters are currently used, for example, films, carpet fibers, textile fibers, miscellaneous industrial fibers, containers and packaging. For use in carpet fibers, 3GT may offer advantages because of built-in stain resistance and superior resiliency. See, for example, an article by H. H. Chuah et al., in IFJ (October 1995) on pages 50-52 concerning poly(trimethylene terephthalate) as a new performance carpet fiber.
British Patent 578,097 disclosed the synthesis of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) in 1941. The polymer, however, is not available commercially. There is a lack of published literature on processes for producing the polymer on other than a laboratory scale.
Many of the proposed uses for 3GT require a polymer of relatively high molecular weight. Other polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate), referred to herein as PET or 2GT, have been commercially made by increasing, either in melt and/or solid-state polymerization, the molecular weight of a lower molecular weight polymer, sometimes referred to as a prepolymer or oligomer. In general, melt polymerizations require higher temperatures, which are more likely to cause polymer decomposition and require expensive equipment. Solid-state polymerizations, in contrast, are usually run at somewhat lower temperatures. Solid-state polymerizations can also have the advantage, compared to melt polymerizations, that very high molecular weights, where melt viscosities would be extremely high, are more readily obtained. In commercial use, however, solid-state polymerizations may be relatively slow.
In the case of PET, solid-state polymerizations usually require that lower molecular weight polymer, in the form of particles or pellets, undergo a relatively lengthy crystallization process prior to being polymerized in the solid-state, in order that the particles do not agglomerate in the solid-state reactor. The crystallization process for PET is usually accomplished by annealing the lower molecular weight polymer at an elevated temperature at which the desired crystallization occurs.
Commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 5,763,104, issued on Jun. 9, 1998, discloses a process for producing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) useful for obtaining higher molecular weight polymer and a novel crystalline form of the polymer.
It is desirable to obtain a higher molecular weight 3GT polymer without having to expose a lower molecular weight 3GT polymer to lengthy and problematic crystallization and annealing steps.

Production of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)


A DLL (Delay Locked Loop) clock signal generating circuit includes a duty correction buffer for receiving a first clock signal and a second clock signal, producing a first internal clock signal and a second internal clock signal, and correcting duty ratios of the first and second internal clock signals based on a reference signal which is controlled by a duty ratio of the first internal clock signal, and an edge trigger unit for a DLL clock signal which has a first level when the first internal clock signal is activated and which has a second level when the second internal clock signal is activated.

1. Technical Field
The embodiments described herein relate to a semiconductor integrated circuit and, more particularly, to a DLL (Delay Locked Loop) clock signal generating circuit.
2. Related Art
Generally, in a conventional clock synchronization circuit, a clock signal is used as a reference signal to synchronize an internal circuit with an external circuit. Ideally, a conventional clock synchronization circuit can be employed to provide error free, high-speed operations. When a clock signal supplied from outside of a semiconductor integrated circuit is used internally by the semiconductor integrated circuit, a clock skew due to a signal path within the internal circuit can result. Clock synchronization circuits, such as a DLL circuit and a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) circuit, are employed to synchronize the internal clock signal with the external clock signal by compensating for this clock skew.
Meanwhile, it is important to maintain a 50%-duty ratio for the clock signal in a system in which high speed data input and output operations are conducted at both the rising edge and a falling edge of the clock signal, for example, at a DDR (Double Data Rate), in order to ensure a sufficient valid data window. In order to produce a clock signal having a 50%-duty ratio regardless of a duty ratio of the external clock signal or compensate for the change of the duty ratio, a conventional semiconductor integrated circuit will include a duty correction circuit (DCC) configured to work in concert with the, e.g., a DLL circuit.
For example, a feedback-type duty correction circuit can be provided to an output terminal of a clock buffer, or a duty correction circuit can be provided to an input terminal of the clock buffer.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional DLL clock signal generating circuit. In this example, a duty correction circuit 1 is disposed at an input terminal of a clock buffer 2. Referring to FIG. 1, the DLL clock signal generating circuit 4 also includes a DLL clock signal driver 3.
The duty correction unit 1 outputs a first reference signal 'RVREF' and a second reference signal 'FVREF' to correct the duty ratio of a first internal clock signal 'RCLK1' in response to a duty correction enable signal 'DCC_EN'.
The clock buffer 2 receives a first clock signal 'CLK' and a second clock signal 'CLKB' and produces a first internal clock signal 'RCLK1' of which the duty ratio is corrected by the first and second reference signals 'RVREF' and 'FVREF'.
The DLL clock signal driver 3 receives the first internal clock signal 'RCLK1' according to a power-down mode signal 'PWDNB', a command clock signal 'BCK0' and a reset signal 'RESET', and drives a various clock signals 'CLKIN', 'REFCLK' and 'CONTCLK'.
The first internal clock signal 'RCLK1' is output as a DLL clock signal by correcting the duty ratio of the first clock signal 'CLK' and the second clock signal 'CLKB' supplied from an external circuit. However, when the duty cycle the first clock signal 'CLK' and the second clock signal 'CLKB' is off, then the DLL clock signal can be generated with a distorted duty ratio.
More specifically, since a transition time of both the first clock signal 'CLK' and the second clock signal 'CLKB', which is complementary to the first clock signal 'CLK', is out of the duty correction range, the duty ratio of the output signal 'RCLK1' of the clock buffer 2 is distorted.
As mentioned above, a duty correction unit 1 can be used to correct the distorted duty ratio. However, when the degree of distortion is beyond the critical value of the duty correction circuit, the first internal clock signal 'RCLK1' can still have a distorted duty ratio. Accordingly, during high frequency for a high-speed operation, a data valid window (tDV) can be reduced due to the distorted duty ratio of the DLL clock signals that result, which can lead to device failures.

DLL clock signal generating circuit capable of correcting a distorted duty ratio


An apparatus for a personal electronic device can include a near field communications interface and a secure communication system. The personal electronic device can be a variety of computing platforms including a tablet computer or a smart phone. The near field communication interface communicates wirelessly with the personal electronic device. The secure communication system receives encrypted data and provides non-encrypted data to the near field communication interface.

The present application relates generally to the field of personal electronic device. More specifically, the present application relates to secure communications for personal electronic devices.
Personal electronic devices include mobile computing platforms, such as tablet computers (e.g., Android® tablets, iPad® tablets) and smart phones (iPhone® phones, Android phones, etc). Personal electronic devices have improved productivity and the functionality of various applications. Heretofore, portable electronic devices, such as, commercially available tablets and smart phones, have not been designed for secure applications.
Thus, there is a need for a secure interface for portable electronic devices, such as mobile computing platforms. Further, there is a need for a system for and method of adapting existing portable electronic devices for reception of secure data. Further, still, there is a need for personal electronic devices that allow secure communications. Yet further still, there is a need for secure video streams that can be provided to personal electronic devices. Further still, there is a need for personal electronic devices adapted for use in military and/or aircraft environments and/or applications.

Secure communication apparatus and method for a mobile computing device