A system and method 10 that provides legacy software applications 12 to be incorporated into a massively parallel and distribution processing model in the Cloud, with a high performance parallel and distributed computing (cloud) “wrapper” 14 around legacy and current systems to enable, without legacy product code change or invasive addition/editing, the legacy product to access and fully utilize the power and ability of distributed computing within the cloud through a Pneuron “cortex” platform virtual server 10. The system and method also provides the ability to distribute multiple, concurrent instances of the legacy applications, dynamically manage the load volumes, and automatically create and remove new virtual machines based upon demand requirements.

Cloud computing is considered one of the top transformational IT changes and trends in 2010 and onwards. Cloud computing provides a scalable, dynamic, and distributed infrastructure for enabling applications to dynamically obtain and utilize computing resources on demand.
Most businesses have existing computer software applications that are not engineered or architected for cloud computing. Many existing applications cannot perform distributed and parallel processing and are unable to be deployed on an elastic cloud computing environment without significant changes to the existing applications' source code and application architecture. The challenge is applying a cost effective and simple migration and transformation process for legacy applications and products so that they can be incorporated into the cloud computing environment.
A legacy system or application program is a previously deployed third party or internally developed customer application that continues to be used, typically because it still functions for the users' needs or is too expensive to replace, even though newer technology or more efficient methods of performing a task are now available. Legacy applications include programs having JAVA® command lines, client and server applications based on JAVA® thin client, MICROSOFT® thin client and server-based applications, Client/Server applications, Client workstation applications, third party independent software vendor applications, and proprietary client applications running on proprietary architectures and operating systems. Legacy application programs are typically serially programmed, linear in performance, residing in only one data center and with a limited number of users constrained by geographic or business location.
To implement an existing legacy application in the cloud computing environment and enable the application to be distributed, parallel, and demand-elastic is a very expensive and time-consuming activity. The existing application architecture and source code needs to be re-factored and significantly rewritten, tested extensively, and re-integrated with its existing applications.
The cost and time to implement such a legacy application re-write can exceed the original cost and development time. Given these impediments, businesses are unable to adapt their existing applications to the cloud computing environment. The new Cloud paradigm offers huge business and technical value including parallel processing, distributed, use anywhere, high performance, high resiliency, high accessibility and high availability.
This significant divergence in technology deployment and accessibility creates a significant challenge: the cost effective and manageable ability to migrate applications, best processes and institutionalized intellectual property from serial, linear, data center or application confined applications to a new technology paradigm of agile, competitive, massively performed, use anywhere and broadly distributed/accessible functions. It is this challenge that the invention specifically addresses.
Accordingly, the objective of the present invention is to provide a non-intrusive and assimilation model which enables these legacy applications to be "transformed" from standalone, serial-based computing to highly distributed, parallel processing and cooperating cloud application services. The innovation combines the cloud-centric, distributed, and parallel processing Pneuron platform infrastructure with a suite of Pneuron legacy wrapper libraries to assimilate or "wrap" and encapsulate legacy applications and enable them to operate within the Pneuron cloud computing platform.
The present invention incorporates technology and process innovation, using the assignee's distributed "Pneuron platform" computing design and high performance, highly resilient virtual server for the migration of legacy applications to cloud that is simple, quick and a fraction of the cost of traditional migration and porting solutions and referred to herein as the "Pneuron platfom" or "Pneuron Platform and technology" or "Pneuron technology" or simply "Pneuron".

Legacy application migration to real time, parallel performance cloud


A light bulb-socket adapter for connecting a bayonet type light bulb to an Edison type socket or an Edison type light bulb to a bayonet type socket. The light bulb-socket adapter includes an Edison type connector section made of conductive material and a connection terminal extending therefrom and a bayonet type bulb receiving section and first and second contact terminals positioned within the receiving section for connecting a bayonet type light bulb to an Edison type socket. The light bulb-socket adapter includes a bayonet type connector section and first and second contact terminals extending from the connector section and an Edison type bulb receiving section made of conductive material and a connection terminal extending therefrom for connecting an Edison type light bulb to a bayonet type socket. Each adaptor includes a nonconductive barrier layer connected between and electrically isolating said Edison type section and bayonet type section, a first connection wire connecting the conductive material of the Edison type section to the first connection terminal of the bayonet type section and a second connection wire connecting the contact terminal of the Edison type section to the second connection terminal of the bayonet type section. When the adaptor is connected between a bulb and socket, the bulb and socket form a complete circuit via the first and second wires respectively.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to adapters for light bulbs and, more specifically, to an adapter to allow use of any type of bulb with any type of socket.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Numerous light bulb socket adapters have been provided in the prior art For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,172,953; 1,640,434; 4,936,789 and 5,320,548 all are illustrative of such prior art. While these units may be suitable for the particular purpose to which they address, they would not be as suitable for the purposes of the present invention as heretofore described.


A C-shaped frame for a cold-joining tool has two leg sections spaced apart from one another and a connection section. A punch unit and a die unit are provided opposite one another to define a tool axis. The C-shaped frame has a first surface side and a second surface side. An outer contour of the C-shaped frame is determined by an outer edge of the C-shaped frame in the transition between the two surface sides. The C-shaped frame includes a reinforcing section provided on the outer edge along the outer contour of the C-shaped frame. There are multiple portions of the reinforcing section, each with an associated thickness dimension of the portion, over a profile of the reinforcing section as seen along the outer edge. The extent of the respective portions along the outer edge and parallel to a surface side is in each case at least 30 millimetres.

Devices and tools for cold forming or punching workpiece sections, in particular, made of a steel material, such as, for example, tools for riveting or solid punch riveting or semi-tubular punch riveting, clinching, pressing-in or embossing, have to satisfy different requirements. Such tools regularly have tongs or a tool clip or a "C-shaped frame" or C-clip, which carries the appropriate tool elements which come to act on the workpiece.
For the design of the tools or the C-shaped frames, the operations to be managed with the tools have to form the basis, wherein the processes are defined exactly and short cycle times with high process safety is desired. The tools should, in particular, have low weights with the maximum load-bearing capacity and, furthermore, advantageously be producible economically. In order to achieve these targets, complex relationships have to be taken into account in order to be able to provide modern tools.
Because of a high level of automation, C-shaped frames are frequently used in a mobile manner on industrial robots as their tool.

C-shaped frame and device for cold joining


A weighted cover for the head of golf club is made from a mixture of plastic and a filler and includes an inner cavity having an entrance thereto for receiving the club head. Besides protecting the golf club head from the elements and nicks and scratches, the weighted covers securely fit on the club head and add a predetermined amount of mass uniformly around the club head, thereby retaining the club's effective center of gravity, even during practice swings of the golf club.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to weighted golf club covers and, more particularly, pertains to golf club covers made from plastic and fillers, and a process for making such covers.
2. Description of Related Art
The art is generally cognizant of golf club covers and golf club covers that include a weight. Representative prior art in the field of golf club covers is included below.
M. A. Higdon, U.S. Pat. No. 3,398,961, teaches that a golf club cover can be used to secure a weight over the club's hitting surface, or club face.
D. G. Hoyt, Jr., U.S. Pat. No. 3,478,799, discloses a one-piece plastic slipover cover for the head of a golf club iron.
As ancient as the game of golf is, its many enthusiasts are still deprived of a convenient, well-fitting swing weight which does not distort the "feel" of the club. Existing golf club covers fail to satisfy the needs of golfers in several respects. Covers made of a low density material, such as plastic, are too light to sufficiently exercise and thereby recondition a golfer's muscles, as is the basic objective of practice swinging with mass added to the club head. Other covers secure a piece of metal to the hitting surface, or face, of the golf club. Such covers must be tied, strapped, buckled, or otherwise secured to the club head to prevent the piece of metal from slipping off the club head and pulling the cover with it during practice swinging. Moreover, such covers substantially change the club head's effective center of gravity when attached. As a result, a golfer loses the "feel" of his club when such a practice weight is used.


The present disclosure provides a touch panel, an electronic device and a method for generating a touch instruction thereof. The touch panel includes a transparent film, a light-emitting layer and a photosensitive layer. The transparent film includes a first surface and a second surface facing with each other. A first thickness in a static status is between the first surface and the second surface. A second thickness in a pressed status under a pressure is between the first surface and the second surface, the second thickness is less than the first thickness. The light-emitting layer and the photosensitive layer are disposed at a side of the transparent film close to the second surface.

At present, capacitive touch screens are technology mainly used by touch screens, due to simple technique and long life time of products.
The basic working principle of the capacitive touch screens is to use a working way of transmitting and receiving of an electrical signal in which a driving electrical signal having a certain frequency and amplitude is transmitted by a transmitting end and is received by a receiving end. The receiving end detects a finger touch sensing signal and determines whether a touch occurs. In detecting the finger touch sensing signal, there is a need to form a coupling capacitance between a finger and a conductive layer of a capacitive touch screen when a hand presses the capacitive touch screen. If the hand wearing an isolator such as a glove presses the capacitive touch screen, the capacitive touch screen cannot be manipulated because a coupling capacitance cannot be established between the finger and the conductive layer.

Touch panel, electronic device and method for generating touch instruction thereof

BEIJING BOE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.


A money receiving system receives monetary payments without using cash or placing restrictions on recipients of such payments. This system uses an authentication management apparatus and a store communication terminal. The authentication management apparatus includes a receiver for receiving customer ID information, store ID information, and monetary amount information from a store communication terminal, an authentication device for authenticating the customer ID and the store ID, and a transfer device for transferring money indicated by the monetary amount from an account of a store to an account of a customer. The store communication terminal includes a memory for storing store information, a receiver for receiving customer information, an input device for inputting a monetary amount that a store is to pay a customer, and a transmitter for transmitting the store ID, the customer ID, and the monetary amount to an authentication management apparatus.

There is always the risk of theft at places where money changes hands. While cashless systems for monetary payments such as credit cards are widely used, sufficient research has not been performed to the receipt of monetary payments.
As one example, robberies at the prize-exchanging booths provided at pachinko parlors in Japan occurs often. However, with conventional cashless technologies there is no easy way for pachinko players to be given their winnings without using cash. To become the recipient of a monetary payment made using a credit card service, a pachinko player must pass a strict checking procedure, which makes it impossible for all players to become recognized recipients of payments. A recipient of a transfer made using a credit card system also needs equipment to verify the ID of the payer, which naturally limits the number of potential recipients in such a system.
The present invention was conceived in view of the situation described above and has an object to provide a money receiving system that allows monetary receipts to be made without using cash and without placing restrictions on the recipients of payments, and also an authentication management apparatus and a store communication terminal that are used in such a money receiving system.

Authentication managing apparatus, and shop communication terminal


An electrode structure having at least two oxide layers that more reliably switch and operate without the use of additional devices and a non-volatile memory device having the same are provided. The electrode structure may include a lower electrode, a first oxide layer formed on the lower electrode, a second oxide layer formed on the first oxide layer and an upper electrode formed on the second oxide layer wherein at least one of the first and second oxide layers may be formed of a resistance-varying material. The first oxide layer may be formed of an oxide having a variable oxidation state.

1. Field
Example embodiments relate to an electrode structure having at least two oxide layers and a non-volatile memory device having the same. Other example embodiments relate to an electrode structure having at least two oxide layers that more reliably switch and/or may operate without the use of additional devices and a non-volatile memory device having the same.
2. Description of the Related Art
The development of semiconductor memory devices having higher integration, higher operation speed and/or lower power consumption (e.g., a large number of memory cells per unit area) has been the focus of recent research.
A related art semiconductor memory device may include a plurality of memory cells. If the semiconductor device is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), then a unit memory cell may include a switch and a capacitor. The DRAM may have higher integration and/or higher operation speed. If power to the DRAM is removed, then data stored in the DRAM may be lost.
Non-volatile memory devices may preserve stored data even after the power is removed. The non-volatile memory device may be a flash memory. The flash memory may have lower integration and/or lower operation speed compared to a DRAM.
Recent research on non-volatile memory devices focuses on magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase-change random access memory (PRAM) and resistance random access memory (RRAM).
The RRAM may utilize a resistance transition characteristic of a transition metal oxide wherein resistance varies according to a change in voltage.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional view of an electrode of a related art resistive random access memory device (RRAM).
An RRAM may be formed of a material having a variable resistance. The material having the variable resistance may be a transition metal oxide (TMO). The material may have a switching characteristic, thereby functioning as a memory device.
Referring to FIG. 1, a lower electrode 12, an oxide layer 14 and an upper electrode 16 may be sequentially formed on a substrate 10. The lower electrode 12 and the upper electrode 16 may be formed of a conductive material. The oxide layer 14 may be formed of a transition metal oxide having a variable resistance characteristic. The oxide layer 14 may be formed of zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), niobium oxide (Nb2O5), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), or nickel oxide (NiO).
If the semiconductor device is a Perovskite-RRAM, then the switching material may be a Perovskite oxide (e.g., PCMO (PrCaMnO3) or Cr-STO(SrTiO3)). Memory characteristics of a Perovskite-RRAM may be established by applying voltage polarities to memory nodes of the Perovskite-RRAM using the principle of Schottky Barrier Deformation.

Electrode structure having at least two oxide layers and non-volatile memory device having the same


A vehicle suspension system includes a mechanical spring portion adapted to undergo suspension deflection, a spring seat contacting and supporting the mechanical spring portion, and a mechanical gear assembly which is operatively connected to the spring seat to control spring seat position and which is adapted to be driven by an electric motor. A method for operating a vehicle suspension system undergoing suspension deflection, wherein the vehicle suspension system includes a mechanical spring portion having a spring seat with a movable spring seat position, includes determining a frequency content of the suspension deflection. The method also includes electromechanically controlling the spring seat position in response to suspension deflection when the determined frequency content is in a low-frequency range below a wheel hop frequency.

Known vehicle suspension systems include an active body control system (ABC Module) having a damping portion and having a mechanical spring portion. The damping portion includes a damping cylinder and a damping valve of fixed damping characteristics. The position of the spring seat of the mechanical spring portion is hydraulically controlled only at low frequencies below the wheel hop frequency using a hydraulically actuated plunger, a proportional valve, an accumulator, and a pump.
What is needed is an improved vehicle suspension system having a mechanical spring portion and an improved method for operating a vehicle suspension system having a mechanical spring portion.

Vehicle suspension system and method for operating


Embodiments relate to a system, program product, and method for proactively initiating throttle action on one or more cores in a multicore processing device to mitigate voltage droop therein. The method includes determining, in real-time, an indication of stall events within the core and determining one or more resolutions of the stall events. The method also includes determining, in real-time, a timing margin value for the core and predicting inducement of a voltage droop on the core. The method further includes integrating the resolutions of the stall events and the timing margin value for the core, determining, subject to the predicting, a throttle action for the core, and executing the throttle action on the core.

The present disclosure relates to proactive voltage droop mitigation in one or more processor cores, and, more specifically, to proactively initiating throttle actuation on the cores in a multicore processing device to mitigate and/or prevent voltage droop.
Many known modern processing devices include multiple cores that are powered through a steady-state power source. As the processing loads on the cores vary, the supply voltage to the cores may dip, i.e., droop for increased loading on one or more of the cores, thereby creating an environment conducive to microarchitectural processor stall events.

Voltage droop management through microarchitectural stall events

International Business Machines Corporation


A saw chain for a chain saw has an identifying code stamped into one of its links for ease of selecting replacement chain. The link with the identifying code is provided with distinguishing characteristics for ease of selecting that link. The stamped code on the link provides the specification of the saw chain required for replacement. The link may have a different shape and/or colored to distinguish that link from other similar links.

Chain saws are fitted with a specific combination of sprocket, guide bar and saw chain and that combination varies between the many chain saws available on the market. A chain saw user who wants to replace the loop of saw chain for his chain saw has a daunting task. He has to select the specific saw chain type and length that matches his particular sprocket and guide bar. Casual users of chain saws may not require a new saw chain for many months or even years and more often than not the information provided with his chain saw at the time of purchase is lost.
Ideally the chain itself would be marked with the correct information. However, the production of a chain saw loop typically occurs in three stages. First the parts are produced. Then the parts are assembled. Finally, the assembled saw chain is formed into loops. Stamping of information occurs when the parts are produced and those parts may end up in any number of chain-part combinations. Particularly the loop length is not determined until assembly and the pre-produced parts cannot be stamped with a specific loop length without creating substantial inventory problems.
Marking a finished loop of saw chain is likely limited to processes such as painting numbers onto the chain but paint and similar marking products rapidly wear off the chain during use. Accordingly, a primary objective of this invention is to provide an identifying mark on a loop of saw chain that can be readily discerned without causing undue manufacturing complexities and costs, and does not wear off during use.


An improved tool for grooming pets, especially for the removal of loose hair and hair that is soon to become loose, comprised of a base (10) with comb extensions (12,14) mounted on either side at an angle of less than 90 degrees to the base. The comb extensions (12,14) are comprised of tines extending from a solid backbone or shoulder (16) that protrudes from the base (10). The comb extensions (12) on one side of the base have tines that are larger and spaced further apart than the tines of the comb extensions (14) on the other side of the base. A cleaning tool (18) comprised of a base (20) with tines (22) protruding therefrom is held in a compartment (24) on the side of the invention when not in use. As the invention is stroked through the hair of the animal, the angle of the comb extensions (12,14) causes a deep and prolonged penetration of the coat. When the hair passing between the tines of a comb extension comes into contact with the shoulder (16), the hair is compressed, generating friction or pulling force that not only removes hair that is loose but also hair that is still connected to the skin but about to become loose. Other embodiments include one with comb extensions mounted on removable panels (16) that slide onto a base (10) by way of grooves (28) on either side of the base. This embodiment allows for a wider range of comb extension types available for one base.

1. Field of Invention
This invention relates to a device used for grooming pets, specifically to an improved device for the removal of shedding and loose hair from pets as well as for the grooming of living hair.
2. Description of Prior Art
There are a number of pet grooming devices that have as part of their purpose the removal of shedding and loose hair. For a grooming device to be effective in removing shedding and loose hair it must remove not only the hair that is already loose or disconnected from the skin of the animal, but also hair that is still connected to the skin but soon to become disconnected. It is the hair follicles that are about to become loose that are the primary problem because soon after the animal is brushed or combed, these hair follicles will become loose requiring additional combing or brushing for them to be removed. The effectiveness of the prior art in the removal of loose and shedding hair is limited by two factors: 1) the amount of hair that the operative parts of the device come into contact with during use, and 2) the amount of friction between the device and the hair follicles, or pulling force, created as the device is being used.
The typical brush has some effectiveness in removing loose and shedding hair. The closer the bristles are together, the more friction occurs between the hair follicles and the brush bristles, and the more loose and shedding hair the device will remove. However, the closer the bristles are together, the harder it is to penetrate the coat of hair of the animal. If the coat of hair is not fully penetrated, the bristles of the brush do not come into contact with enough of the hair follicles that need to be removed.
The typical comb has some effectiveness in removing loose and shedding hair. The closer the teeth of the comb are together, the greater will be the friction between the teeth of the comb and the hair follicles, causing increased removal of shedding and loose hair. As with the brush, there is a limit to how close the teeth of a comb can be together and still allow effective penetration of the coat of hair. In addition, a typical comb has only one row of teeth, limiting the amount of contact with hair follicles during its use.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,893,424 to Casler (1975) shows a comb with two rows of teeth angularly directed so that one tooth crosses and contacts another tooth. An animal's hair will pass between these teeth and the pressure between these teeth will pull at the hair and remove it if it is loose. While this invention does have pulling force, it has limited contact with hair follicles due to having two rows of teeth coming together at only one effective contact point.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,799,457 to Gordon (1989) shows an elongated comb strip with V-shaped teeth on one side and parallel teeth on the other with mating handle members at either end of the strip so that the device can be bent into a closed loop teardrop shape for use. This device has the same limitation as the other combs--limited contact with hair follicles due to having one row of teeth and limited pulling force.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,574,885 to Jones (1971) discloses a brush designed to be attached to a vacuum cleaner tube enabling suction of loose hairs and other particles from the coat of a pet. Another device in use is a glove with the underside coated with a surface of soft, sticky rubber containing short conical protrusions. Both of these devices are limited in their effectiveness in removing loose hair by the limited amount of hair follicles that they come into contact with during use and the limited amount of friction between them and the hair follicles.
Objects and Advantages
Accordingly, several objects and advantages of my invention are:
(a) to provide a grooming device for pets that is more effective than the prior art in 1) penetrating the coat of the animal, 2) contacting a significant portion of the hair follicles of the animal, and 3) removing loose and shedding hair and knots as well as grooming the living hair; PA1 (b) to provide a grooming device for pets that generates enough friction between the parts in contact with the hair follicles and the hair follicles, or pulling force, to effectively pull out hair follicles that are about to shed but not yet disconnected from the skin as well as removing hair follicles that are already disconnected from the skin; PA1 (c) to provide a grooming device for pets that effectively removes loose hair and hair that will be shed but is not yet disconnected from the skin that is not unpleasant to the animal being groomed; PA1 (d) to provide a grooming device for pets that effectively removes loose hair and hair that will be shed but is not yet disconnected from the skin that is effective on long as well as short haired animals and thin as well as thick haired animals;
Further objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent from a consideration of the drawings and ensuing description.


In order to restore synchronization quickly in the case where synchronization with a transmission signal is not established, when a synchronization signal is not received by an antenna selected in advance in a receiving apparatus (2), a selection controller (C2) continuously switches between antennas (6a to 6h), repeats an antenna switching process for measuring received strengths of the respective antennas in a cycle shorter than a transmission period of transmission information in a radio signal so as to detect an antenna with maximum strength, selects and switches to the detected antenna with maximum strength as a receiving antenna for receiving synchronization information, and continues the connection until at least the synchronization information is received. Further, the selection controller (C2) makes a control so that the antenna switching process for detecting the antenna with maximum strength is repeated for a period longer than a non-transmission period of transmission information.

In recent years, swallowable capsule endoscopes are being developed in the field of endoscopes. The capsule endoscopes have an image pickup function and a radio communication function. While the capsule endoscope is swallowed through a subject's mouth and is ejected naturally in order to observe the insides of various internal organs, it moves along the insides of internal organs such as belly, small intestine and large intestine according to their peristaltic activities and simultaneously picks up images sequentially.
Image data, which are picked up by the capsule endoscope in the subject while the capsule endoscope is moving inside the organs, are sequentially transmitted to the outside of the subject by using radio signals and are stored in a memory provided into a receiver outside of the subject or are displayed on a display provided to the receiver. Doctors, nurses and the like can carry out diagnosis based on the images which are displayed on the display according to the image data stored in the memory or the images which are displayed on the display provided to the receiver at the same time of reception.
Generally as to the receiver, in the case where the image data are stored in the memory, a plurality of antennas for receiving image signals transmitted from the capsule endoscope are dispersively arranged outside the subject, and one antenna which receives image signals with less errors is selected so as to receive the images. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a receiver which switches reception between plural antennas arranged outside a subject, and tracks a position of a capsule endoscope in the subject as a transmission source of image signals based on electric field strength received by the antennas.    Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-19111


A vehicle seat is forwardly and rearwardly slidably supported on a vehicle floor and includes a seat cushion and a seat back which is forwardly and rearwardly rotatably supported on the seat cushion. A walk-in apparatus for the vehicle seat includes a pair of locking plates arranged on opposite sides of the vehicle seat and restrict the sliding movement of the vehicle seat, a pair of reclining plates arranged on opposite sides of the vehicle seat and rotated by the forward rotating movement of the seat back, a pair of lever members arranged on opposite sides of the vehicle seat and connected to the locking plates and the reclining plates, a connecting member connected to each of the lever members so as to be integrally moved, and one memory plate engaged and disengaged with only one of the lever members.

An example of a walk-in apparatus for a vehicle seat is disclosed in Japanese Patent laid-open publication No. 8-20266.
The vehicle seat is slidably supported on the vehicle floor through a rail mechanism. The rail mechanism has a pair of lower rails which is secured on the vehicle floor and a pair of upper rails which is slidably supported on the lower rails. The vehicle seat has a seat cushion which is secured to the upper rails of the rail mechanism and a seat back which is rotatably supported on the upper rails of the rail mechanism.
The walk-in apparatus includes a pair of locking plates, a pair of reclining plates, a pair of lever members and a pair of memory plates. The locking plates are arranged on the opposite sides of the vehicle seat. The locking plates are rotatably supported on the upper rails which are secured to the vehicle seat and engage and disengage with the lower rails which are secured on the vehicle floor so as to restrict and achieve the sliding movement of a vehicle seat. The reclining plates are arranged on opposite sides of the vehicle seat and rotated by the forward rotating movement of the seat back. The lever members are arranged on opposite sides of the vehicle seat and connected to the locking plates and the reclining plates. The memory plates are arranged on the opposite side of the vehicle seat and engage and disengage with the lever members.
When the reclining plates rotate by the forward rotating movement of the seat back, the locking plates are moved through the lever members so as to be disengaged from the lower rails of the rail mechanism. Therefore, the sliding movement of the vehicle seat is achieved. As a result, the vehicle seat slides forwardly and provides an adequate opening. When the locking plates disengage, the memory plates are engaged with the lever members, therefore, the locking plates are disengaged from the lower rails until the vehicle seat is returned to an original position before the seat slides forward.
However, the walk-in apparatus needs a pair of memory plates which are arranged on the opposite sides of the vehicle seat. The locking plates may not operate synchronously if the two memory plates do not engage with the lever members at the same time or if the locking plates do not disengage from the lower rails at the same time.


The disclosure discloses a recording apparatus comprising a take-up body, a recording speed determining portion, a total length acquiring portion, and a take-up time determining portion. The take-up body sequentially takes up a recorded medium around a predetermined axis and produces a roll-shaped recorded matter. The recording speed determining portion determines a recording speed by a recording head based on a medium information acquired by a medium information acquiring portion. The total length acquiring portion acquires a total recording length by the recording head. The take-up time determining portion predicts and determines a take-up time by the take-up body before the take-up body starts take-up of the recorded medium, based on the total recording length acquired by the total length determining portion and the recording speed determined by the recording speed determining portion.

1. Field
The present disclosure relates to a recording apparatus that produces recorded matter.
2. Description of the Related Art
There are known recording apparatuses that form desired print while feeding adhesive tape with paste applied to its back surface. According to the prior art, an adhesive tape with print on which print has been formed is sequentially taken up around a core material, thereby producing a roll-shaped printed matter.
In a case where the roll-shaped printed matter is produced by take-up of the adhesive tape with print as described above, the time required from the start of printed matter production to completion may be relatively long, depending on the length of the adhesive tape with print taken up (in other words, the total printing length when printing is performed). When the time required until production completion is not known at the start of production, the user must aimlessly wait until production completion of the printed matter, resulting in inconvenience. In the prior art described above, such a point was not taken into particular consideration.


In a disk recording/reproduction apparatus, the operational limit of each of a mechanical apparatus and signal processing of a disk drive is taken into consideration. When an area from the innermost region of a disk to a predetermined distance is recorded or reproduced, the disk is rotationally driven by a CAV method, and when an area from the predetermined distance of the disk to the outermost region is recorded or reproduced, the disk is rotationally driven by a CLV method.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a disk driving apparatus and a disk driving method. More particularly, the present invention relates to a disk apparatus and a disk driving method, which are capable of causing disk-shaped recording media, such as audio CDs (Compact Disks) CD-ROMs (Read Only Memories), video CDs, and DVDs (Digital Versatile Disks), to be efficiently driven rotationally.
2. Description of the Related Art
As methods for rotationally rotating disk-shaped recording media (hereinafter appropriately referred to simply as "disks"), such as CD-ROMs when they are reproduced, a constant angular velocity (CAV) method and a constant linear velocity (CLV) method are known. In the CAV or CLV method, a disk is rotationally driven at a fixed rotational velocity (number of rotations) or linear velocity, respectively, from its innermost region to its outermost region.
Meanwhile, in disk drives for reproducing, for example, a CD-ROM, a disk is rotationally driven by the CLV method so as to read data always at a fixed data rate. Therefore, the rotational velocity of the disk becomes faster the further inward the region being reproduced (accessed) is located, and in a CD-ROM or the like, the rotational velocity in its innermost region becomes approximately 2.5 times as high as that in the outermost region.
That is, when, for example, an 8.times. speed reproduction of a CD-ROM is performed, its rotational velocity is approximately 4,000 rpm (revolutions per minute) in the innermost region in comparison with 1,600 rpm in the outermost region.
At present, there has been realized an 8.times. speed reproduction disk drive having a mechanical system capable of stably rotating a CD-ROM at approximately 4,000 rpm or less. However, as described above, a CD-ROM is rotationally rotated at approximately 4000 rpm or less only in the innermost region thereof, and its rotational velocity decreases the further toward the outermost region the reproduction position is located.
Therefore, in this case, the maximum performance of the mechanical system can be exhibited only when the innermost region is reproduced, and in the outermost region, the performance is not effectively utilized.
Accordingly, there is a method of rotationally rotating the outermost region at approximately 4,000 rpm. In this method, the rotational velocity in the innermost region becomes approximately 10,000 rpm, which exceeds the limit of the mechanical system. Further, if the disk is rotated at a rotational velocity exceeding the limit of the mechanical system, vibrations of the disk drive, resulting from decentering or an eccentric center of gravity of the disk, become strong, and it becomes difficult to stably read data. Therefore, there occurs a need to strengthen the mechanical system, resulting in a high-cost of the apparatus and a complex design.
Further, since, as described above, the CD-ROM is reproduced by a CLV method in which the linear velocity is fixed, i.e., the rotational velocity differs according to the reproduction position (radius), problems arise in that when data is read by performing a long-distance traverse from the innermost region to the outermost region, it takes time.
More specifically, when a traverse is performed, it is necessary to change the rotational velocity of the CD-ROM from a value appropriate for a position before a traverse to a value appropriate for a position after the traverse (for example, when a traverse from the innermost region to the outermost region is performed, it is necessary to decrease the rotational velocity from approximately 4,000 rpm to approximately 1,600 rpm). Therefore, after the traverse, the reading of data cannot be started until the time required for the traverse has elapsed. This fact is a factor for causing the seek time to deteriorate.
Accordingly, there is a method in which a mechanical system for rotationally rotating a CD-ROM having a large torque capable of performing rapid acceleration and deceleration is used. When such a mechanical system is used, the apparatus becomes enlarged and the cost thereof is increased, and when rapid acceleration and deceleration is performed, consumption of power increases.

Disk driving system and disk driving method


A petroleum hydrocarbon multi-stage fluid catalytic reaction method and reactor are described. The method implements a sectional multi-stage reaction in one reactor and comprises primary-stage and secondary-stage catalytic cracking reactions of feedstock oil and primary-stage and secondary-stage catalytic cracking reactions of light hydrocarbons and/or cycle oil, which occur in different reaction regions of the reactor. The primary-stage reaction of the light hydrocarbon and/or circulation oil is carried out in an independent reaction region. The reactor comprises a first reaction section, a catalyst splitter, a third reaction section, a second reaction section and a settler.

Catalytic cracking reactor is the main apparatus to produce gasoil, which is also the important apparatus to produce propylene. Propylene is one of the most important petrochemical materials. Reference to the operation and design of the conventional catalytic cracking reaction-regeneration system of heavy oil, researchers exploit a series of process engineering of heavy oil catalytic cracking which produces propylene.
China University of Petroleum (East China) exploits TMP technology on the basis of catalytic conversion processes uses double riser reactor. The technology takes heavy oil as feedstock, adopting two-section riser catalytic cracking process for segmented reaction, catalyst relay, and large catalyst-oil ratio. Optimization of feedstock method aimed at miscellaneous reactant takes place to control the reaction condition, in order to increase the yield of propylene. The foreign technology with high yield of propylene also adopts double riser reactor.
SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing exploits DCC technology, which would produce more propylene with heavy oil as feedstock oil. And the DCC technology uses consecutive reactor composes of riser reactor and turbulent fluidized bed reactor. On the basis of DCC technology, Sinopec research institute of petroleum processing exploits enhanced catalytic cracking technology DCC-PLUS adopting new combination of reactors. The technology is similar to DCC in that, it also applies riser reactor and turbulent fluidized bed reactor. The technology is different to DCC in that, it leads another catalyst from regenerator into turbulent fluidized bed reactor. Both DCC and DCC-PLUS divide the reactor into two tandem cracking reaction region. It is said that catalytic cracking reaction takes place in both riser reactor and fluidized bed reactor. Feedstock oil cracks in riser reactor, and secondary cracking of intermediate products from riser reactor which could produce more propylene takes place in fluidized bed reactor. Because the catalyst in fluidized bed region is the spent catalyst from feedstock cracking reaction, the small molecule in fluidized bed region is difficult to catalytic crack, so it need to increase the reaction temperature in order to improve the yield of propylene by pyrolysis, which reduces the selectivity of propylene further. Both DCC and DCC-PLUS employ the regenerated catalyst cycling, with the same amount of feedstock, the space velocity of fluidized bed region can only be controlled by the level of catalyst in it. So it needs to install a catalyst output, to control the feedstock level by the outflow of catalyst. Because of gas-solid separation and catalyst carrying, it is dilute phase between fluidized bed reaction region and gas-solid separator. The oil gas carries amounts of catalyst when it get away from fluidized bed. The residence time after the petroleum gas leaves the fluidized bed and before it gets to the gas-solid separator is more than 20 seconds. Because the catalyst upon the catalyst lever carries oil gas, and the residence time of oil gas, it causes further side reaction, that the selectivity of propylene and product distribution will be affected, and the reaction would not stops timely. Moreover, the catalyst in fluidized bed region of DCC and DCC-PLUS is the catalyst with carbon disposition after the feedstock oil cracking reaction. In order to improve the yield of propylene, it need to increase the reaction temperature of fluidized bed reaction region, that restricts the cracking reaction and promotes thermal reaction, at the same time, the selectivity of propylene decreases sharply and the yield of dry gas and coke increases.
The prior art focuses on the yield of propylene, classified into two categories. The first category is tandem reaction in riser reactor and fluidized bed, and the second category is parallel reaction in double riser reaction. The prior art focuses on catalyst and changing reaction temperature, for example, it applies higher reaction temperature, catalyst-oil ratio and the amount of steam injected than FCC, in order to enhance the cracking reaction and improve the selectivity of propylene.

Multi-stage fluidized catalytic reaction process of petroleum hydrocarbons and an apparatus thereof

QINGDAO JINGRUN PETROCHEMICAL DESIGN INSTITUTE CO., LTD.


Disclosed are new acridone dye derivatives having characteristic fluorescence lifetimes. Also disclosed are methods for labelling target biological materials employing the acridone dyes and use of the labelled materials in biological assays. The acridone derivatives have the following structure:

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to new acridone derivatives having characteristic fluorescence lifetimes that can be used as labels for attachment to and labelling of target materials. The acridone derivatives of the invention may be easily distinguished, one from the other, by virtue of their fluorescence lifetimes and they may be used in multiparameter applications. The invention also relates to assay methods utilising acridone derivatives and to a set of different fluorescent acridone lifetime dyes.
2. Description of the Prior Art
There is an increasing interest in, and demand for, fluorescent labels for use in the labelling and detection of biological materials. Fluorescent labels are generally stable, sensitive and a wide range of methods are now available for the labelling of biomolecules. Typically, the emission spectrum of a fluorescent dye is a characteristic property of the dye, the intensity of such emission being used in the detection of materials labelled with that dye. One problem with measurements of fluorescence intensity as a means of detecting and/or measuring the concentration of a fluorescent labelled biomolecule is that background fluorescence may interfere with the measurement. Thus, in order to obtain improvements in the sensitivity of fluorescence detection, it is highly desirable to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
One means of overcoming the problem of background noise has been through the use of long wavelength dyes, for example, the cyanine dyes Cy™5 and Cy7, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,268,486 (Waggoner et al). These dyes emit in the 600-800 nm region of the spectrum, where background fluorescence is much less of a problem. Another means of improving the signal-to-noise ratio in fluorescence measurements is in the use of time-resolved fluorescence, for example by using fluorescent labels based on lanthanide chelates, eg. Eu3+ and Tb3+ (Selvin et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,622,821). In time-resolved fluorescent labels, the lifetime of the fluorescence emission is typically longer than that of the background fluorescence, which may therefore be gated out using appropriate instrumentation.
McGown, L. B. et al (Anal. Chem., (2000), 72, 5865-73) describe the use of a range of different dyes for multiparameter analysis in which fluorescence lifetime, rather than fluorescence wavelength, is the discriminating characteristic. Dyes from different dye classes were used to obtain lifetime resolution; however compensation was required for either mobility differences or different fluorescence signal intensities. The method has been refined by Sauer, M. et al (J. Fluorescence, (1993), 3(3), 131-139) who employed a series of rhodamine-based fluors having a range of fluorescent lifetimes but which all absorb and emit at similar wavelengths, thus avoiding having to change the excitation source and emission filters.
The acridone chromophore is highly fluorescent and has been used for labelling biological molecules and subsequent detection by conventional fluorescence emission spectroscopy. For example, Faller, T. et al (J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm., (1997), 1529-30) describe the preparation of a succinimidyl ester derivative of acridone and its use in labelling peptides for subsequent analysis by mass-spectroscopy. U.S. Pat. No. 5,472,582 (Jackson) describes the use of the fluorescent label, 2-aminoacridone, for labelling and detecting carbohydrates in a mixture, following electrophoretic separation.
Val'kova, G. et al (Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSR, (1978), 240(4), 884-7) have measured the fluorescence lifetimes of several acridone derivatives, however, to date, there appear to be no reports relating to the use of acridones as lifetime dyes suitable for labelling and the detection of biological materials.

Acridone derivatives as labels for fluorescence detection of target materials

Abstract: in which Z1 and Z2 represent the atoms necessary to complete one ring, two fused ring, or three fused ring aromatic or heteroaromatic systems, each ring having five or six atoms selected from carbon atoms and optionally no more than two atoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur; R2, R3, R4 and R5 are selected from hydrogen, halogen, amide, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, mono- or di-nitro-substituted benzyl, amino, mono- or di-C1-C4 alkyl-substituted amino, sulphydryl, carbonyl, carboxyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, acrylate, vinyl, styryl, aryl, heteroaryl, C1-C20 alkyl, aralkyl, sulphonate, sulphonic acid, quaternary ammonium, the group -E-F and the group —(CH2—)nY; R1 is selected from hydrogen, mono- or di-nitro-substituted benzyl, C1-C20 alkyl, aralkyl, the group -E-F and the group —(CH2—)nY; where E is a spacer group, F is a target bonding group; Y is selected from sulphonate, sulphate, phosphonate, phosphate, quaternary ammonium and carboxyl; and n is an integer from 1 to 6. The invention also relates to a set of different fluorescent acridone dye derivatives, each dye having a different fluorescence lifetime, the set of dyes being particularly useful for multiparameter analysis.


The present invention relates to a data processing and retrieval system for use in a self-checkout system utilized in a retail facility. A plurality of customers are provided with a portable data collecting terminal having a bar code reader. Once the data is collected using the portable terminal, a record of the session is uploaded to a customer's data file upon the entry of an authorization code. In the event errors occur during data entry or in the entry of the authorization codes, a customer service desk is provided which assists the customer in completing the transaction.

Self-checkout systems have been previously described and implemented which provide customers with scanners to track their purchasing in stores. Examples of such systems are described in Dutch Patent Application No. 9002296 ("the '296 Application") and U.S. Pat. No. 5,468,942 to Oosterveen et al. ("the Oosterveen Patent"). The '296 Application and the Oosterveen Patent describe systems in which authorized customers are issued a terminal having an integrated bar code scanner to record merchandise purchases. The scanners maintain a list of merchandise selected for purchase by the customer within internal memory means. Prior to exiting the store, the information stored in the memory of the scanner is downloaded through a communication port attached to a terminal dispenser, and a printed receipt of the customer's purchases is printed on a printer. The customer then proceeds to a checkout register where the customer tenders payment for the purchased merchandise. The systems may provide for the occasional audit of customers using the system to ensure integrity of the self-service system.

Device and method for secure data updates in a self-checkout system


An unmanned armored minesweeping vehicle includes a vehicle body having a heavily armored vehicle part; a power plant accommodated in the vehicle part for propelling the vehicle; a vehicle steering control accommodated in the vehicle part; and a simulating arrangement for disguising the vehicle as a target for triggering the mines to be cleared.

This invention relates to an unmanned armored minesweeping vehicle, particularly for clearing anti-tank mines.
For sweeping mines a number of various processes are known which, as a rule, are based on the sequential tasks of "searching", "localizing", "marking" and "destroying/clearing". Thus, according to German Offenlegungsschrift (application published without examination) 42 42 541, a mine-contaminated region is searched with an unmanned armored vehicle and the data obtained by sensors are transmitted to a mother vehicle for evaluating and mapping the region.
It is a disadvantage of vehicles of the above-outlined type that, among others, up to the clearing of the mines the entire procedure is extremely time-consuming. Further, long-range mines, that is, mines which may be triggered by a combat vehicle even from a large distance or, in general, externally of its path of travel, cannot be detected and destroyed by conventional minesweepers of the above-outlined type.
German Offenlegungsschrift 34 24 231 discloses a manned special armored vehicle which, for protecting it from mines, carries magnetic coils that generate a characteristic magnetic field for triggering mines that are situated externally of the vehicle outline.
It is a disadvantage of such vehicles that the mines which are equipped with different igniters (detonators) explode and disable the vehicles as they pass over them. Long-range mines too, cannot be detected and destroyed.
German Offenlegungsschrift 38 26 731 discloses a remote-controlled minesweeping vehicle which detonates previously located and marked mines. In such a procedure, the mine is picked up by a tubular body and thereafter detonated so that the fragments may fly only in a vertical direction.


A method and apparatus for setting profiles are provided. The profile setting method Includes receiving, from a first terminal, a profile transfer request message that requests transfer of a first profile or portion thereof from a first secure element to a second secure element; sending, to the first terminal, a request message requesting the first profile or portion thereof; receiving, from the first terminal, the first profile or portion thereof; configuring a second profile using the received first profile or portion thereof; and sending, to a second terminal, the configured second profile.

1. Field of Invention
The present invention generally relates to a method and apparatus for setting profiles stored in a mobile terminal.
2. Description of the Related Art
A Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC) is a smart card inserted and used in a mobile terminal. The UICC stores personal information of a mobile communication subscriber, such as authentication information for network access, phonebook data, and text messages. When the mobile terminal connects to a mobile communication network such as a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) or Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, the UICC performs subscriber authentication and traffic security key generation to thereby enable secure mobile communication. The UICC may store communication applications including a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM), and IP Multimedia Services Identity Module (ISIM) according to the type of mobile communication network to which the subscriber connects. In addition, the UICC provides a high level security function to install a variety of applications such as electronic wallets, tickets and passports.
A typical UICC is manufactured as a proprietary smart card of a specific mobile network operator according to requests of the mobile network operator. At the time of shipment, such a UICC is pre-embedded with authentication information for access to the corresponding mobile operator network (e.g. USIM application, International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), and key value (K)). Hence, the mobile network operator receives a manufactured UICC and provides the received UICC to a subscriber, and later, if necessary, performs management of the UICC by installing, modifying and removing an application through Over-The-Air (OTA) programming or the like. After inserting the UICC into a mobile terminal, the subscriber may manipulate the mobile terminal to use network and application services of the corresponding mobile network operator. To change terminals, the subscriber removes the UICC from the existing terminal and inserts it into a new terminal. Hence, the authentication information, the mobile phone number and the phonebook data stored in the UICC may be used in the new terminal.
The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has defined physical configurations and logical functions of UICCs to maintain worldwide compatibility. The form factor specifying physical configurations has continuously decreased: mini-SIMs (most widely used) were followed by micro-SIMs (introduced several years ago), and nano-SIMs (introduced in recent years). The development of smaller SIM cards has contributed to the development of smaller terminals. However, it is expected that it will be difficult to standardize UICC cards smaller than recently specified nano-SIMs because of the high likelihood of losing a card. It is also expected that it will be difficult to further miniaturize removable UICC cards, because space for card slots is needed in terminals.
Removable UICC cards may be unsuitable for machine-to-machine (M2M) devices, such as smart home appliances, electricity meters, water meters and Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras, which require access to mobile data networks in various deployment environments without direct human intervention.
To address the above-mentioned problems, it is proposed to embed a secure element that has UICC or similar functions in a mobile terminal at the time of manufacture, in place of a removable UICC. However, such an embedded secure element would be irremovable after being installed in a mobile terminal. Hence, the mobile terminal may be unable to pre-store authentication information for access to a mobile operator network (such as USIM application, IMSI and key value) at the time of manufacture unless the mobile terminal is manufactured as a proprietary terminal of a particular mobile network operator. It would only be possible to configure such authentication information in a mobile terminal after a user who has purchased a mobile terminal subscribes to a mobile network operator.
In addition, unlike an existing UICC card that is manufactured and distributed as a proprietary card of a particular mobile network operator, a new embedded secure element would enable authentication information of various mobile network operators to be installed and managed in a secure and flexible manner when a user who has purchased a corresponding mobile terminal subscribes to a mobile network operator, unsubscribes from a mobile network operator, or changes mobile network operators. According to various usage scenarios such as a purchase of a new terminal, the new embedded secure element would also enable configured authentication information and stored user data to be securely transferred to a new mobile terminal.

Method and apparatus for setting profile


A gradient-index rod lens is provided that is excellent in yield. The gradient-index rod lens has a core/clad structure and is obtained by providing a mother glass rod, which includes a core glass mother composition and a clad glass mother composition, with a refractive index distribution through ion exchange. The clad and the core each contains an alkali metal oxide but are substantially free from lead. The clad and the core each contains an alkali metal oxide and has a basic composition including components other than the alkali metal oxide, but they are different from each other in the basic composition. The clad glass mother composition has a higher thermal expansion coefficient and glass-transition temperature than those of the core glass mother composition. The difference of the thermal expansion coefficient between the clad glass mother composition and the core glass mother composition is larger than 2×10−7/° C. but smaller than 20×10−7/° C.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a gradient-index rod lens having a core/clad structure as well as a rod lens array and an image processor that each includes the rod lens.
2. Related Background Art
A gradient-index rod lens (hereinafter also referred to simply as a "rod lens") is a rod-shaped optical element having a refractive index distribution from its center to its periphery in the section thereof. The rod lens has many characteristics including the following, for instance: it can exhibit lens functions such as, for instance, an imaging function even when both the end faces thereof are flat; and lenses with microdiameters can be produced easily. Using such characteristics, a rod lens array in which the above-mentioned rod lenses are arrayed is employed for a wide range of uses as an imaging lens of an optical system of an image processor (for example, an image-forming apparatus such as an LED array printer, a liquid crystal shutter printer, etc, or an image scanner such as a facsimile, a scanner, etc.). Such a rod lens usually is formed by providing a mother glass rod with a refractive index distribution. A general method of providing the refractive index distribution is one that is carried out through ion exchange.
The mother glass rod is produced by a direct drawing method (a continuous drawing method) that has been used widely due to its excellent productivity. In the direct drawing method, for instance, as shown in FIG. 14, molten glass 101 that has been subjected to a degassing process (a fining process) as required is put into a crucible 103 that is kept warm with a heater 102. The molten glass 101 flows out of the lower end of a nozzle 104 located in a lower end portion of the crucible 103 while being cooled gradually inside the nozzle 104, and thereby is subjected to hot drawing. Thus a mother glass rod (a fiber) 105 with a diameter of about 0.1 mm to 4 mm can be formed continuously. The direct drawing method, however, has a disadvantage in that the molten glass 101 tends to devitrify when being cooled gradually inside the nozzle 104. Particularly, a glass composition that contains Li2O as a component to be employed for providing a refractive index distribution and that is substantially free from PbO tends to devitrify when being drawn by the direct drawing method.
In order to prevent such devitrification from occurring during the drawing, for instance, JP8(1996)-13691B2 discloses a method in which additives such as BPO4, Al2(PO3)3, etc. are added to molten glass.
Furthermore, JP5(1993)-72337B2 discloses a method of forming a mother glass rod 116 having a structure (a core/clad structure) composed of a core glass mother composition 111 and a clad glass mother composition 112 covering the core glass mother composition 111 by the direct drawing method (a concentric crucible drawing method) using a concentric crucible 115 including an inner crucible 113 and an outer crucible 114 (see FIG. 15). As shown in FIG. 15, the inner crucible 113 and the outer crucible 114 are charged with the core glass mother composition 111 and the clad glass mother composition 112, respectively, with the respective mother compositions being in a molten state. The respective mother compositions are allowed to flow out from a nozzle 117 located in the lower end portion of the concentric crucible 115 to form the mother glass rod 116. The mother glass rod 116 thus formed can be drawn out continuously with rollers 118. In this case, when a glass composition that tends not to devitrify is employed as the clad glass mother composition 112, the core glass mother composition 111 can be prevented from coming into contact with the nozzle 117 even in the temperature region where devitrification tends to occur in the case of using the direct drawing method. Accordingly, the core glass mother composition 111 can be prevented from devitrifying and thus the whole mother glass rod 116 can be prevented from devitrifying during the drawing. JP2004-151682A discloses an example of the clad glass mother composition that tends not to devitrify.
The mother glass rod having a core/clad structure (and a rod lens having a core/clad structure formed of this mother glass rod) can provide not only the effect of preventing devitrification from occurring during the drawing but also various effects through the selection of a suitable composition thereof. For instance, when a mother glass rod is formed that includes a clad glass mother composition to which a colorant is added, the rod lens formed thereof can reduce stray light to be caused therein (which is disclosed in, for instance, WO00/04409, JP10(1998)-139468A, JP10(1998)-139472A, and JP2001-255406A).
Furthermore, for instance, JP63(1988)-301901A discloses the following. A gradient-index element is formed in which an optical absorption part containing exchangeable ions and a colorant is present in at least a part of the surface of a transparent dielectric part having a refractive index distribution. The thermal expansion coefficient of the optical absorption part that is obtained after ion exchange is allowed to be equal to or lower than that of the vicinity of the interface between the transparent dielectric part and the optical absorption part. Thus the optical characteristics and strength of the element can be improved.
A mother glass rod having a core/clad structure often warps during ion exchange. Particularly, when a mother glass rod containing Li2O as a component to be employed for providing a refractive index distribution is subjected to ion exchange, warping may occur more frequently. In a rod lens array composed of warped rod lenses, it is difficult to secure its optical performance (i.e. the resolvable spatial frequency may be lowered or distortion may occur in an image that is transmitted). Hence, there is a demand for rod lenses that can be prevented from warping during ion exchange.
JP63(1988)-301901A discloses the technique of improving the strength of the element that has been subjected to ion exchange but includes no description about the technique of preventing the mother glass rod (a rod lens) from warping during ion exchange.

Gradient-index rod lens, and rod lens array and image processor using the same


A fluid delivery device (10) operated by a first gas delivery device (12) (e.g. electrochemical pump) that takes advantage of sequential gas production methods. The fluid delivery device includes a container (14) with an interior surface. An first gas delivery device for producing or delivering a first gas is placed in one end of the container. A moveable member (e.g. piston, bladder (18) or membrane) is positioned within the container, which moveable member, together with the container's interior surface and the electrochemical cell, structurally define a fluid-tight chamber. The moveable member may abut a first reactive material. Unreacted material (34), chemically reactive with the either the first gas or the first reactive material to generate a second gas, is contained within the container. This apparatus also includes a reservoir of a liquid, adjacent to the moveable member in such a way that when the moveable member moves, the liquid is displaced out of the reservoir through a spout associated with the end of the container distal to the electrochemical cell. The reactive fluids are generally acids, bases, azides, and peroxides. The invention is useful for, among other things, the controlled delivery of medical fluids, fragrances, insecticides, and lubricants.

Devices which use an electrochemical pump to deliver a fixed quantity of liquid drug have been described. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,894,538 to Richter (Jul. 15, 1975) describes among other things a device for supplying medicines which includes a container having an opening for ejecting medicine therefrom, the container being associated with another container, the size of which can be increased by, for example, the generation of gas particles by electrolytical gas development within the container.
Somewhat similar devices are described in various patents to Maget. E.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,522,698 to Maget (Jun. 11, 1985) and 4,902,278 to Maget et al. (Feb. 20, 1990).
A problem associated with such devices is that they require a relatively large amount of electrical energy to generate rather limited amounts of gas, which gas is used to displace the medicine containing liquid contained within the drug container or reservoir. Furthermore, the devices require relatively large amounts of energy to generate gas at a higher rate. It would be an improvement in the art to have a device which had the advantages (e.g. fine control of flow rate) of electrochemical gas generation to generate larger amounts of gases and/or higher rates of gas generation with fewer of the associated disadvantages (e.g. relatively large energy, power and space requirements).


A wireless terminal is described, which is formed from a module (20) comprising a substrate, RF components (32, 33), an antenna (25), notably of the PIFA type, and a linkage part (30) for linking the antenna to the substrate. The RF components are placed in the vicinity of the linkage part or even on the linkage part without degrading the operation of the antenna. By placing the RF components on this link, an area is made available for circuitry on the substrate.

In the development of successive generations of cellular telephones, a great deal of effort has been made to reduce the volume of the wireless terminal, with the attendant desire to reduce the volume of the antenna whilst still maintaining its sensitivity. Externally mounted monopole antennas have been succeeded by internal antennas such as PIFAs (Planar Inverted-F Antennas) and notch antennas (see, for instance, patent document WO 03/094346). However, more efforts have to be made to further reduce the volume of the terminal and to facilitate its manufacture.

Wireless terminal, wireless module and method of manufacturing such a terminal


This invention relates to a system and a method for a telecommunication system, comprising a circuit switched network connected with mobile terminals, moreover comprising, for the transmission of streaming video content from a streaming video server within the internet to the mobile terminals, a gateway, connected to the circuit switched network at the one side and connected to the internet at the other side, the gateway being fit for the conversion of files having an internet compatible streaming video format received from the streaming video server, into streaming video bitstreams in a format fit to be transmitted to the mobile terminals via the circuit switched network, wherein the telecommunication system further comprises a registration unit, connectable with the mobile terminals via a packet switched network and fit for registering, for each relevant mobile terminal, a terminal identifier linked to the mobile terminal's node address at the circuit switched network.

Due to a slow standardization process, the first UMTS terminals will not contain a standardized solution for packet switched video and audio streaming. At this moment known vendors offer proprietary platforms for both UMTS and GPRS streaming services. Investing in these proprietary platforms cause customer lock in because upgrading towards standards is needed in the future.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Telecommunication system and method for transmitting video data between a mobile terminal and internet


A system for reducing oscillations of an implement carried by a vehicle in a lifted position during travel. The implement is coupled to an implement positioning system including an actuator for raising and lowering the implement in response to a control signal. The system includes at least one load sensor for sensing implement load, a position sensor for sensing implement position, and a control circuit configured to generate a control signal to the actuator in a first manner based at least upon implement position and in a second manner based at least upon implement load. The control circuit transitions from the first manner of operation to the second manner of operation upon detecting oscillations of the implement beyond a predetermined magnitude. The control circuit improves roadability of the vehicle by operating in a roadability mode including the first and second manners of operation wherein the roadability mode is entered based at least upon the implement being in a lifted position and vehicle speed being greater than a predetermined threshold speed.

A number of known control arrangements regulate the position or elevation of implements, such as plows, attached to or drawn by agricultural vehicles. Such control systems generally sense the position of a three-point hitch and compare this position to a command or desired position set by an operator. The control system compares the sensed implement position to the command position and generates a control signal to an actuator to vertically move the hitch, along with the implement mounted on it, to the desired elevation.
Control systems can also operate based on draft force. For example, the control system disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,421,416, filed Sep. 8, 1993, commonly assigned with the present invention and incorporated herein by reference, controls the position of a ground penetrating implement based at least in part on the draft force encountered when the implement interacts with the ground.
Agricultural vehicles equipped with known control systems can experience oscillations when the vehicle travels at high speeds across roads or between fields. The vehicle operator commands the implement to a lifted position during travel. At high speeds, the implement can oscillate or bounce due to, for example, bumps or depressions in the road or the field. The interaction of an oscillating implement with the vehicle can cause an uncomfortable ride for the operator and can cause the vehicle's front wheels to leave the road or field surface. Severe oscillations can create an undesirable condition in which the implement may approach the road or the field during transport. To compensate for the phenomena of implement oscillations, the operator may reduce the vehicle's intended travel speed. The reduced travel speed lowers the operator's productivity.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,924,943, filed Mar. 24, 1989, discloses a control system for an agricultural vehicle which provides for active damping of implement vibrations which occur when the vehicle travels around a curve with the implement raised. When the vehicle travels around a curve, part of the implement weight normally resting on the draft load force pins is shifted by side guiding members onto the housing of the tractor. This causes the force sensed by the draft load force pins to decrease. At the end of the curve, the sensed force increases as the implement weight is shifted back onto the draft load force pins. The disclosed control system uses active damping based upon a dynamic force signal to reduce the disturbing influence of the side guiding members during turning.

Active roadability control for work vehicles


Methods and apparatus for accessing modules on a flash memory package concurrently during testing are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a memory device for storing data includes a plurality of modules and a logic block. The plurality of modules each include a plurality of storage elements that hold the data. The logic block is arranged to enable the plurality of modules to be accessed in parallel, and is also arranged to enable the plurality of modules to be accessed serially.

1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates generally to mass digital data storage systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for efficiently testing flash memory systems.
2. Description of the Related Art
The use of non-volatile memory systems such as flash memory storage systems is increasing due to the compact physical size of such memory systems, and the ability for non-volatile memory to be repetitively reprogrammed. The compact physical size of flash memory storage systems facilitates the use of such storage systems in devices which are becoming increasingly prevalent. Devices which use flash memory storage systems include, but are not limited to, digital cameras, digital camcorders, digital music players, handheld personal computers, and global positioning devices. The ability to repetitively reprogram non-volatile memory included in flash memory storage systems enables flash memory storage systems to be used and reused.
The reliability of a flash memory storage system, or a flash memory package, is important to ensure that information may be reliable stored and retrieved. In order to effectively ensure that a flash memory package is reliable, a flash memory package may be tested as a part of an overall manufacturing process. FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a testing device which is suitable for testing non-volatile, flash memory packages. A testing device 102 includes a computing device 104 and heads 106. As shown, testing device 102 may include two heads 106 which are each arranged to hold approximately thirty-two packages 112 in an array 108. Each head 106 tests an array 108 of packages 112, i.e., head 106a tests packages 112 associated with array 108a and head 106b tests packages 112 associated with array 108b. Specifically, heads 106 test packages 112 by performing operations on packages 112 at the command of computing device 104.
With reference to FIG. 2a, the configuration of one conventional package 112 will be described. As shown, package 112 includes pads 202 and a plurality of dies 210a, 210b which are arranged to receive signals, e.g., test signals, from computing device 104 of FIG. 1. Herein and after, for ease of discussion, dies 210a, 210b will generally be referred to as dies 210. Once test signals are received by pads 202, test signals are processed by a first die 210a. By way of example, if a test signal is a program signal, then memory cells associated with die 210a are programmed. Once a test signal associated with die 210a are processed, the test signal may be sent across connections 214 to a second die 210b, which then processes the test signal. That is, dies 210 are arranged to process signals or, more generally, to be accessed, in a serial manner such that substantially all actions associated with die 210a are completed before the actions are performed with respect to die 201b.
As mentioned above, dies 210 include memory cells which are arranged to store data, e.g., data provided in a test signal. FIG. 2b is a diagrammatic representation of package 112 of FIG. 2a which shows memory cells in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Each die 210 includes any number of memory cells 220, 224. Memory cells 220, 224 are arranged to store data which may be retrieved or read as needed.
Dies 210 process signals or commands in a serial manner such that when a program instruction, for example, is received, memory cells 220 are programmed before memory cells 224 are programmed. That is, memory cells 224 which are associated with die 210b are not programmed until after memory cells 220 of die 210a are programmed, i.e., dies 210 are programmed serially with memory cells 220 of die 210a being programmed before memory cells 224 of die 210b.
In general, package 112 is tested using a tester such as testing device 102 of FIG. 1. Testing package 112 generally enables a determination to be made regarding whether package 112 is viable or reliable, e.g., whether package 112 is suitable for use by a consumer, as previously mentioned. FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram which illustrates the steps associated with a conventional method of testing a flash memory package with multiple dies. A process 302 begins at step 306 in which a flash memory package is placed in a tester. Typically, a tester includes a mechanical support, test heads, and a computing system, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. It should be understood that although a tester such as testing device 102 of FIG. 1 generally tests multiple packages at any given time, for ease of discussion, process 302 is described in terms of testing a single package. Once the package is placed in the tester, power is provided to the package in step 310. That is, the package is powered up.
After the package is powered up, the dies in the package are enabled for serial operation in step 314. Enabling the dies for serial operation typically involves issuing commands using the tester such that memory cells on dies may be tested serially, one die at a time. In step 318, program stress testing is performed in a serial manner. Program stress testing is typically testing that stresses specific parts of transistors associated with the memory cells, and often involves ensuring that the package may survive a ten year life span. Performing such testing in a serial manner generally involves serially testing substantially all memory cells of one die before serially testing substantially all memory cells of another die.
Once program stress testing is completed, the package is powered down in step 322. Upon powering down the package, all dies are enabled for serial operation in step 326, and erase stress testing is performed in a serial manner in step 330. Erase stress testing typically involves stressing transistors used in erase operations. After erase stress testing is performed, the package is powered down in step 334, and the dies are enabled for serial operation in step 338. Then, in step 342, read stress testing, which generally involves stressing transistors used in read operations, is performed in a serial manner. When the read stress testing is completed, substantially all stress testing is considered to be completed. Accordingly, process flow moves to step 346 in which program-read-erase testing is performed. The steps associated with one conventional method of performing program-read-erase testing will be described below with respect to FIGS. 4a and 4b. When program-read-erase testing is completed, the process of testing a flash memory package with multiple dies is effectively completed.
With reference to FIGS. 4a and 4b, the steps associated with one conventional method of performing a program-read-erase test, e.g., step 346 of FIG. 3, on a flash memory package with multiple dies will be described. A process 346 begins at step 402 in which the package is powered down. Once the package is powered down, the dies in the package are enabled for serial operation, i.e., using the tester which is performing the program-read-erase test, in step 406. After the dies are enabled, the dies are serially programmed in step 410. Typically, each memory cell associated with each die is serially programmed to a particular value.
In step 414, the package is once again powered down. Then, in step 418, all dies in the package are enabled for serial operation, and the contents of the dies or, more specifically, the contents of the memory cells associated with the dies, are read serially. The read data is then analyzed in step 426 to ascertain whether the data that has been read was accurately programmed in step 410. That is, the analysis in step 426 may be performed to ascertain whether the data that was programmed in step 410 was stored in the memory cells accurately, or, more generally, if the read data is consistent with what is expected.
Once the read data is analyzed in step 426, the package is powered down in step 430. In step 434, all dies are enabled for serial operations, and the dies are serially erased in step 438. The package is then powered down in step 442. From step 442, process flow proceeds to step 446 in which all dies are enabled for serial operation. After the dies are enabled for serial operation, the contents of the dies are read serially in step 450 such that the memory cells of one die within the package are read serially before the memory cells of another die within the package are read serially. The data that is read from the memory cells is analyzed in step 454, for example, to determine if the memory cells were properly erased in step 438 or, more generally, if the read data is as expected.
The package is powered down in step 458, after the read data is analyzed in step 454. From step 458, process flow proceeds to step 462 in which it is determined if the package failed the program-read-erase test. If it is determined that the package failed testing, then the indication is that at least one memory cell associated with the package either failed to be programmed properly, failed to be read properly, or failed to be erased properly. Hence, the package is rejected in step 470, and the process of performing a program-read-erase test is completed. Alternatively, if it is determined in step 462 that the package did not fail testing, then the package is accepted, e.g., considered to be reliable, in step 466, and the process of performing a program-read-erase test is completed.
The overall process of testing a flash memory package is time-consuming. In particular, program and erase operations account for a significant percentage of the time required to perform an overall testing process. For example, one standard overall testing process performed on a flash memory package may require over three hours, with a substantial percentage of the three hours being associated with programming and erasing memory cells of the package. The amount of time associated with an overall testing process may also be shorter, or much longer, however, depending upon the associated test flow and the density of the flash memory package. A long testing process generally reduces the throughput associated with a tester, e.g., testing device 102 of FIG. 1. That is, the number of flash memory packages which may be testing by a testing device is typically limited by the amount of time required to test the packages. As the cost of testing devices is relatively high, obtaining additional testing devices to increase the number of flash memory packages which may be testing in a given time period is generally not desirable.
Therefore, what is desired is a method for increasing the throughput of a testing device. That is, what is needed is an efficient method for testing flash memory packages.

Multi-module simultaneous program, erase test, and performance method for flash memory


The present invention provides a pliable mop bucket insert, which can be adapted to fit various buckets and wringers with different geometries. The present invention also provides a device for receiving dirty washing liquid from a mop and containing clean washing liquid for wetting a mop separately, which includes a main container for containing the clean washing liquid, an insert being removably attached to the bucket for receiving the dirty liquid, and a wringer located inside the insert and supported by the bucket. A flexible bag is further provided with the insert to contain dirty washing liquid.

The present invention relates to a bucket insert, more particularly, to a bucket insert which is adapted to fit buckets and wringers with different structures. The present invention also relates to a wash bucket having an said insert and a wringer for floor cleaning, which keeps clean wash liquid separate from dirty liquid.
In a floor cleaning process, a mop and a wash bucket are usually involved. A wringer is typically mounted to a wash bucket to wring the moisture from a wetted mop. During a cleaning process, the mop is dipped into a washing fluid contained in a bucket and is moved around the floor to remove dirt from the floor. In order to it clean, the mop needs to be wrung repeatedly with the wringer and washed by dipping it into the washing fluid. Dirty fluid squeezed out from the mop used to be returned to the clean washing fluid. Thus, the washing fluid in the bucket will be contaminated quickly.
Devices have been developed to overcome this disadvantage. U.S. Pat. No. 5,548,865 discloses a device for collecting dirty washing liquid and for containing clean liquid for wetting a floor-cloth for washing floors. The device includes a main container which supports a wringer and defines a compartment for collecting the liquid produced by wringing the floor-cloth, and a secondary container or insert which is mounted to the top portion within the main container and contains clean washing liquid for wetting the floor-cloth. Thus, the clean washing liquid is separated from the dirty liquid contained in the main container.
Although this device provides the advantage of separating the dirty fluid from the washing fluid, it suffers several drawbacks. First, because of the way the device is configured, the insert can only be fitted into certain buckets specially designed to receive the insert. Secondly, because the insert is mounted to the top portion of the bucket and is used to contain the clean washing liquid, the whole system is not very stable when first starting the cleaning as the washing liquid contained by the insert tends to raise and off-center the center of mass. Another problem is that there is no room for keeping the mop because the insert is not deep enough and it is not desirable to keep the mop in the dirty liquid of the main container.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,798,307 discloses a bucket having separate reservoirs for segregating clean washing liquid form dirty washing liquid. The bucket contains a discharge transfer compartment with holes on its bottom wall for wringing a mop and draining the dirty liquid into a discharge storage reservoir which is located beneath the discharge transfer compartment and occupies the whole lower portion of the bucket. The floors of the discharge transfer compartment and the clean liquid reservoir are shaped with adequate slope or curvature so that particulate material discharged from a mop is caused to move to the lowest point for removal. However, this bucket does not use a removable insert. In stead, a discharge transfer compartment and a discharge storage reservoir are used. Because they are mounted nonremovably and contain holes and curvatures, it is not convenient to clean the bucket.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,562,841 discloses a bucket provided with a squeeze plate for squeezing a mop of the sponge-type material. The bucket has an inner bucket for containing clean washing liquid and a separate container for receiving a filter and the dirty liquid drained through the filter. The separate container or insert has a fixed size and shape determined by the dimensions of the filter and the squeeze plate (wringer), therefore, can not be used for other types of buckets and mops.
Therefore, there is a need for a bucket with an insert and wringer, which separates dirty wash liquid from clean wash liquid and overcomes the disadvantages exist in the prior art as discussed above. Furthermore, there is a need for a bucket combination which does not require strict match in structures between the bucket and the insert.