A shifting arrangement of a change gear transmission has shift rods which are not engaged with a shift finger arranged immovably with respect to a shifting shaft disposed in a housing in a rotationally and axially displaceable manner and which are fixed by a pertaining blocking member of a block support part which engages in a form-locking member in their shifting groove. The block support part is rotationally movably and axially non-displaceably disposed on the shifting shaft and with respect to the housing is arranged in an axially displaceable and non-rotatable manner.

This application claims the priority of German application No. 197 42 065.6, filed Sep. 24, 1997, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates to a shifting arrangement of a transmission, and more particularly, to an arrangement wherein at least two shift rods, which are aligned in parallel, are arranged in a housing in a displaceable manner in their longitudinal directions relative to one another as well as with respect to the housing and are provided with one clutch groove respectively for the engagement of a shift finger. In the neutral positions of their shift rods, the clutch grooves are aligned with one another in a selecting plane of the housing, and the shift finger, which is arranged immovably with respect to a shifting shaft disposed by means of its axis in the selection plane or in parallel to the selection plane as well as in a rotationally and axially displaceable manner in the housing, can be displaced by the shifting shaft to cause selecting movements in the selecting plane for its engagement in the clutch groove of the shift rod to be selected and to cause shifting movements in each case in a shifting plane of the housing which is situated transversely or perpendicularly to the selecting plane or approximately centrically with respect to the groove walls of the clutch groove arriving in an engagement with the shift finger.
EP 0 532 924 A2 shows a shifting arrangement for a synchronized speed change transmission of a motor vehicle, in which some forward speeds can be shifted by swinging forks, which engage in synchronizer clutches and are swivellably disposed in the transmission case. A shifting shaft is disposed in a longitudinally displaceable and rotatable manner in the transmission case parallel to the bearing axis of the swinging forks.
In order to construct this known shift mechanism at lower cost and in an operationally more reliable manner by reducing the number of component parts, this known shifting arrangement is further changed so that a shift finger is fastened to the shifting shaft which interacts with shifting lugs fastened to the swinging forks. By way of the shift finger's longitudinal displacement in the mutually aligned grooves of the shifting lugs, the gear speeds can be preselected and can be shifted by a rotation of the shift finger.
The known shift finger is surrounded by a locking bow and reaches through it. The locking bow is longitudinally guided in the axial direction of the shifting shaft, being locked in the rotating direction and resting against both faces of the hub of the shift finger. The locking bow is longitudinally guided in a guiding groove of the transmission case and is secured against a twisting. The locking bow forms a square which is closed with the exception of the passage opening for the shift finger. At this square, the concentric cross web, which connects the two radial legs, engages as a counterguide into the concentric guide groove of the transmission case.
The passage opening for the known shift finger is provided in the section of the locking bow disposed diametrically opposite the cross web with respect of the axis of the shifting shaft. The two concentric bow ends of the locking bow, which adjoin the passage opening, are constructed as a respective locking member. Because of this further change, the known locking bow forms a two-armed lever which, at a central point of its radial legs, is swivellably disposed with respect to the shifting shaft and has the locking members at the free end of its one lever arm and the counterguide at the free end of its other lever arm. Naturally such a further change is bulky and, in the case of a one-piece shifting shaft, disadvantageous with respect to the mounting, because a demounting of the locking bow is possible only after the opening-up of the connection between the shift finger and the shifting shaft.
In the known shifting arrangement shown in DE 36 02 157 A1 for change speed transmissions of motor vehicles, a shifting shaft is provided which can be rotated for preselecting shifting channels and can be axially displaced for engaging speeds and on which, by way of its hub, a shift finger is fastened and can selectively be engaged with grooves on shifting arms of shifting forks guided on the shifting shaft in order to select a shifting fork. A blocking plate guided on the shifting shaft is radially swivellable but axially fixed in order to block the not selected shifting forks with respect to a shifting movement. In order to provide a spring-loaded notched device for fixing the speed shifting position which, on one hand, avoids tolerance problems and which, on the other hand, by way of a minimum of constructional and mounting expenditures, can, in addition, provide a shifting boundary or a blocking plate fixing and a shifting boundary, the blocking plate hub in this known shifting arrangement reaches around the shift finger hub in a known manner and a cylinder projection is provided on the blocking plate hub for receiving a spring--ball notch and corresponding opposite detent indentations are constructed in the shift finger hub.
In a first embodiment of this known shifting arrangement, an axial slot is provided in the shift finger hub, opposite which a bore is arranged in the blocking plate hub. The bore receives a pin which extends radially toward the inside and which projects into the axial slot while limiting a shifting movement. In a second embodiment, a rectangular opening is provided in the shift finger hub above which a blocking slot is arranged in the blocking plate hub. This blocking slot extends in the circumferential direction, and a blocking bolt with a pin end is arranged in the transmission case. The pin end extends radially through the blocking slot as well as into the rectangular opening.
In the additional known shifting arrangement shown in DE 42 42 456 C2, a manual shifting lever is cardanically suspended in a so-called shifting dome of a shift control housing by a joint support. Thereby, the manual shifting lever can be swivelled about a swivelling axis fixed in space with respect to the shifting dome for the selection of the shift rods and about a second swivelling axis fixed in space with respect to the joint support for operating the respective selected shift rod. A block support part, which at a distance encloses the shift finger constructed in one piece with the lower end of the manual shift lever, projects from the joint support.
The block support part in this additional arrangement has, on its face situated at the same level with the shift finger, two stop cams situated on both sides of the shift finger for engaging in the shift groove of a shift rod which in each case is not selected. While the shift finger is arranged immovably with respect to the joint support by way of the pertaining uniaxial joint in the directions of the selecting plane and is swivellably movably arranged in the directions of the respective shifting plane, by way of the cardanic bearing of the manual shifting lever and the additional development of the cardan joint as a block carrier for the blocking of the not selected shift rods, this shifting arrangement requires relative large amounts of space and results in high costs.

Shifting arrangement for a change gear transmission


Systems and methods are describe wherein a service provider provides media services that can include, but are not limited to, telephone, radio, interactive and television services. A user residence and/or a user receiving device are designated as a primary location or device for receiving the services of the service provider. An authorization center authenticates a request to provide the service(s) at one or more secondary location/device. The verification process can include, but is not limited to, password(s), Personal Identification Numbers (PIN) and biometric identifiers such as voice, retina, finger print and DNA.

Service providing companies such a television, radio, interactive media, Internet access and telephone companies typically contract with customers for services. The contracts can include basic services and optional enhancements.
Television services, such as cable and satellite, are associated with either a physical address and/or receiver device located at the physical address. For example, television service plans are semi-custom to allow a receiver device (set-top box) to access media content. Cable and satellite services can allow customers to select service plans that include basic service and enhanced services such as access to movie channels. Further, customer specific settings or profiles such as parental controls to prevent children from accessing undesired media content can be specified for the customer receiver device.
In addition to satellite television services, satellite radio services are also available. Similar to the satellite television and cellular telephone services, the satellite radio service allows a specific receiving device to access audio content. A customer can select a service plan that allows access to a selection of satellite radio stations.
Services and media delivery services are currently often associated with a customer and the customer's physical address or device. For example, service plans, such as long distance telephone rates, for wired telephone services are provided to a physical address. Similarly, cellular telephone services and plans are associated with specific phone devices. Calling cards are available which allow the user to charge telephone usage against a pre-paid, debit or credit account. The fees associated with the calling card are often excessive compared to contracted accounts for other telephone services. For example, a residential telephone service agreement may provide unlimited long distance calling at specified times. Further, cellular telephone service agreements often provide free incoming and outgoing calls up to a specified periodic limit.


An image forming apparatus is provided which can detect abnormality in a conveyance system of a carriage by a change in posture of the carriage. The image forming apparatus includes an image forming device that forms an image onto a recording medium by moving a carriage which mounts a recording head thereon, an angular speed detection device that detects an angular speed around a predetermined axis of the carriage, and a abnormality determination device that determines abnormality in a conveyance system that moves the carriage based on whether the angular speed detected by the angular detection device when the carriage is moved exceeds a predetermined abnormality determination value.

This invention relates to an image forming apparatus that forms an image onto a recording medium by moving a carriage with a recording head mounted thereon.
Conventional image forming apparatus are known to form an image onto a recording medium by moving a recording medium in a sub-scanning direction and moving a carriage mounting a recording head thereon along a guide portion in a main scanning direction.
In this type of image forming apparatus, abnormality sometimes occurs in a conveyance system of the carriage owing to various causes like foreign bodies caught in the guide portion or a failure of a driving motor of the carriage during image forming. As a result, the apparatus may not be able to operate normally. For example, a distorted image may be formed or the recording medium may no longer be conveyed. If the apparatus is in a state of abnormality, the operation of the apparatus must be stopped and the abnormality in the operation of the apparatus must be notified to the user. Thus, prompt detection of abnormality is essential.
Therefore, for example, an image forming apparatus has been proposed which detects the position of a carriage on a guide portion and determines whether a conveyance system of the carriage is normal based on information on the detected position so as to detect abnormality of the apparatus.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.


Methods for fabricating stacked microelectronic packages are provided, as are embodiments of a stacked microelectronic package. In one embodiment, the method includes arranging a plurality of microelectronic device panels in a panel stack. Each microelectronic device panel contains plurality of microelectronic devices and a plurality of package edge conductors extending therefrom. Trenches are created in the panel stack exposing the plurality of package edge conductors, and a plurality of sidewall conductors is formed interconnecting different ones of the package edge conductors exposed through the trenches. The panel stack is then separated into a plurality of stacked microelectronic packages each including at least two microelectronic devices electrically interconnected by at least one of the plurality of sidewall conductors included within the stacked microelectronic package.

It is often useful to combine multiple microelectronic devices, such as semiconductor die carrying integrated circuits (ICs), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), optical devices, passive electronic components, and the like, into a single package that is both compact and structurally robust. Packaging of microelectronic devices has traditionally been carried-out utilizing a so-called two dimensional (2D) or non-stacked approach in which two or more microelectronic devices are positioned and interconnected in a side-by-side or laterally adjacent spatial relationship. More particularly, in the case of ICs formed on semiconductor die, packaging has commonly entailed the mounting of multiple die to a package substrate and formation of the desired electrical connections through wire bonding or flip-chip (FC) connections. The 2D microelectronic package may then later be incorporated into a larger electronic system by mounting the package substrate to a printed circuit board (PCB) or other component included within the electronic system.
As an alternative to 2D packaging technologies of the type described above, three dimensional (3D) packaging technologies have recently been developed in which microelectronic devices are disposed in a stacked arrangement and vertically interconnected to produce a stacked, 3D microelectronic package. Such 3D packaging techniques yield highly compact microelectronic packages well-suited for usage within mobile phones, digital cameras, digital music players, and other compact electronic devices. Additionally, such 3D packaging techniques enhance device performance by reducing interconnection length, and thus signal delay, between the packaged microelectronic devices. Considerable efforts have been expended in the development of so-called "Package-on-Package" or, more simply, "PoP" packaging technologies. In a conventional PoP packaging approach, vertical interconnection of the stacked microelectronic devices is performed on a package level. That is, subsequent to singulation into individual die via wafer dicing, the semiconductor die are encapsulated to produce a number of discrete die packages. The die packages (also referred to as "package layers" when included within a PoP package) are then stacked and vertically interconnected to produce the completed PoP package. Emerging PoP technologies include Wire Bond (WB) Ball Grid Array (BGA) PoP, FC PoP, Thru Mold Via (TMV) FC PoP, and Redistributed Chip Package (RCP) PoP packaging approaches.
For simplicity and clarity of illustration, the drawing figures illustrate the general manner of construction, and descriptions and details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of the invention described in the subsequent Detailed Description. It should further be understood that features or elements appearing in the accompanying figures are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise stated. For example, the dimensions of certain elements or regions in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements or regions to improve understanding of embodiments of the invention.

Stacked microelectronic packages having sidewall conductors and methods for the fabrication thereof


A ventilation nozzle assembly is described that includes a first air outlet channel configured to provide an air flow in a first direction, a second air outlet channel adjacent the first air outlet channel configured to provide an air flow in a second direction, a third air outlet channel adjacent the second air outlet channel and configured to provide an air flow in a third direction, and a fourth air outlet channel adjacent the third air outlet channel and configured to provide an air flow in a fourth directions. An air flow from the third air outlet channel is configured reduce an impact of the air flow from the fourth air outlet channel has on the air flows from the first air outlet channel and the second air outlet channel.

The field of the invention relates generally to passenger comfort within aircraft cabins, and more specifically, to an alternate directional momentum ventilation nozzle for passenger cabins.
A problem exists when attempting to provide conditioned air in the passenger cabins of aircraft to meet the thermal comfort needs of the passenger cabin occupants. The seated passengers' thermal comfort is dependent on the air supply nozzle to satisfy the following conditions at the passenger head level: a lower air velocity (no air draft), a reduced temperature stratification across the passenger cabin, and an adequate ventilation effectiveness. However, in the aisles, it is necessary to have a relatively higher air flow at the standing occupant head level to satisfy the flight attendants' thermal comfort.
Satisfying the thermal comfort for all occupants within an aircraft cabin is a challenge due to the required high air flow volume into the enclosed and limited volume of the passenger cabin. Additionally, the interior design requirement is to keep the air distribution nozzle outlets as small as possible. This requirement necessitates higher air flow velocity at the nozzle outlet to deliver the required conditioned volumetric air flow. Diffusing the nozzle air jet speed before the air reaches the cabin occupants is another challenge.
Currently most passenger airplanes use air supply nozzles in the passenger cabins with two-dimensional air flow at the nozzle's outlet. Additionally, most of these nozzles have large outlet areas. These two dimensional air flow nozzles have the same air flow distribution pattern at any section along the passengers' cabin. Nozzles with two-dimensional air flow have an outlet air flow in one direction which cannot be diffused rapidly before reaching the passengers and results in a high air draft with low air temperature at the center seats of the cabin, high temperature stratification across the cabin, and a lower air velocity in the aisles, all of which contribute in a reduced passenger thermal comfort.
Adding to the challenges described above, additional features added to current passenger aircraft contribute to increasing electrical heat dissipation within the passengers' cabin. To counteract this increase in heat, additional cooling is required which can only be achieved by providing a cooler air supply and/or a higher volumetric flow. The existing nozzle designs with two-dimensional outlet air flow can not satisfy the passengers' thermal comfort with the additional demands for a cooler air supply and/or a higher volumetric air flow.

Alternate directional momentum ventilation nozzle for passenger cabins


A seal for movable structural components, such as piston rods or shafts, includes a carrier body made of plastics and a sealing member made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material and bonded to the carrier body. A plastic material may be mixed with the PTFE and fused to the plastic carrier body during injection molding.

1. Field of the invention
The instant invention relates to a seal for movable structural components, such as piston rods and shafts.
2. Description of Prior Development
In the case of a known seal of this type (DE-OS 24 60 185) the sealing member is clamped in force lock between two metal parts, with the interposition of a rubber sealing disc.
EP 0 615 085 discloses an integrated shaft sealing ring which comprises a carrier body in the form of light die cast metal and a sealing member made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and vulcanized to the carrier body through an elastomer.
Likewise known is a seal (U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,053) in which a sealing member made of PTFE material is connected to a metallic stiffening ring through an intermediate layer of perfluoropolymers (FEP).
The anti-adhesive properties of PTFE material make it very suitable for a contact seal where it is demanded that there be little friction between the sealing member and the structural component which is moved with respect to the same either in rotation or translation. These anti-adhesive properties, however, frequently cause poor adherence to a carrier body of the seal so that it becomes extremely difficult to make the connection to the carrier body.
In the prior art, therefore, the PTFE sealing members always are joined to their carrier bodies by primers which act as intermediaries and thus present additional component parts requiring expensive pretreatment for connection to the PTFE sealing member.


An improved fragrance delivery system capable of providing controlled release of fragrance molecules in various consumer products is composed of a polymer having covalently bound fragrance moieties that are releasable in the form of fragrance molecules. Certain embodiments comprise globular polymer particles in which unbound fragrance molecules are occluded, absorbed and/or adsorbed. Certain other embodiments incorporate fragrance monomer units, which achieve reduced residuals upon complete release of the fragrance.

Perfumes or fragrances comprising fragrance molecules or components are utilized in various household products to improve the aesthetics associated with their use. Examples of products that contain fragrance molecules include deodorants, skin-care products, laundry detergent compositions (both liquid and granular), household cleaning compositions, fabric softeners, hair care products (including shampoos and conditioners), air fresheners, cosmetic preparations, and personal cleaning products (such as soaps and bath gels). The use of fragrances in such products is generally recognized as being essential for achieving consumer acceptance. However, fragrance molecules are generally highly volatile, especially the so-called "top notes" which are generally regarded as essential for delivering a "fresh" or "clean" odor to substrates, such as skin, hair or clothing. The highly volatile top notes of a perfume composition are typically lost during use, or even during storage, and especially upon prolonged heating, such as in a clothes dryer. Accordingly, there is a recognized need for releasing fragrance components, especially the more volatile top notes, at a controlled rate for various consumer products.
In the case of laundry detergent compositions, it is desirable to increase the amount of perfume carried over from an aqueous laundry or cleaning bath onto fabrics, and thereafter release the fragrance molecules at a controlled rate. Similarly, it is desirable to control the rate of release of fragrance molecules deposited on various substrate surfaces, such as hair and/or skin during use of personal cleansing compositions and/or hair-care products.
There have been various attempts to achieve controlled or sustained release of fragrance molecules from a variety of consumer products utilizing encapsulation techniques and/or pro-perfumes. Micro-encapsulation and inclusion complexes with specific materials such as cyclodextrins have been used to decrease volatility, improve stability and provide slow-release properties of perfuming ingredients. However, when contacted with an aqueous medium, cyclodextrin-based systems release the fragrance immediately, which limits their use as controlled release systems. Specifically, this characteristic limits the use of cyclodextrin encapsulation for most consumer products, including skin-care products, hair-care products, laundry detergent compositions, household cleaning compositions, personal cleansing products, etc., which are generally used in an aqueous environment, or at least in the presence of moisture. Other known encapsulation techniques, such as spray-drying, coacervation, and extrusion, are generally unsatisfactory for use in most consumer products, because they do not provide suitable substantivity on a substrate, i.e., an insufficient quantity of perfume ingredients are deposited and adhered on the substrate.
The use of perfume delivery systems comprising perfume molecules absorbed onto a polymeric carrier material has also been explored. While these systems provide an improvement of deposition of perfume in certain applications, these systems do not allow controlled release of the perfume over a prolonged period of time. Specially, most of the known fragrance delivery systems comprising perfume molecules absorbed on a polymeric carrier material release fragrance at a rate that is not significantly prolonged.
WO 2004/067584 discloses a perfume delivery system comprising perfume molecules absorbed onto micro-particles or nano-particles that have been modified at their surfaces to provide prolonged release of the perfume molecules, while also enhancing substantivity (i.e., adherence to a substrate). The particles are obtained by dispensing at least one hydrophobic monomer into a medium wherein the corresponding polymer is not soluble. The medium comprises an initiator, a cross-linking agent and at least one stabilizer to provide a suspension, dispersion or mini-emulsion. The medium is heated to induce polymerization and form spherical hydrophobic polymer particles. Optionally, un-reacted monomers are removed. A chemical agent capable of chemically modifying the particles to transform hydrophobic moieties into hydrophilic moieties at the surface of the particles is added. Fragrance molecules are then absorbed into the particles to provide a sustained perfume delivery system. However, the '584 publication discloses that purification in the preparation of the perfume delivery system is essential to avoid any un-reacted monomer from contaminating the perfuming ingredients.
There has also been considerable interest in research relating to the use of pro-fragrances, in which a fragrance molecule is reversibly associated (i.e., covalently bonded) with a carrier molecule to provide controlled release of the fragrance molecule from the carrier. Examples of pro-fragrances include the Michael addition reaction products of a primary and/or secondary amine compound with an unsaturated ester, acid or nitrile perfume compound. Disclosed amine compounds include polyethyleneimines, such as those commercially available under the "Lupasol" trade name. Another example of a pro-fragrance comprises the reaction product of a primary and/or secondary amine compound with a combination of a perfume ketone component and a high boiling point perfume aldehyde component. The resulting product is said to exhibit a multi-odor benefit to surfaces with which it has been contacted. Further examples of known pro-fragrances that have been said to provide laundry detergent compositions that impart a long-lasting freshness or clean scent to fabrics include ketals and acetals that release fragrance alcohols by hydrolysis of an orthoester.
Various publications have suggested the use of dendrimers as carriers for encapsulating fragrance components. Dendrimers are extremely regular in structure and mono-disperse (i.e., have essentially a single molecular weight without any significant variance).
While the use of pro-fragrances has provided some improvement in delaying the release of the more volatile and/or more soluble fragrance components, it would be desirable to achieve better control of adhesion or substantivity of fragrance molecules to specific substrates, such as textiles, skin, hair, etc., and be able to activate time release over a desired prolonged period. Further, in other cases, it would also be desirable to provide better control of the solubility of fragrance conjugates in liquid media, such as water during washing and/or rinsing cycles. There is also a broader need for developing perfume delivery systems for various consumer products to provide delayed or controlled release of fragrance molecules from substrates, such as skin, hair and textiles.

Quest International Flavors and Fragrances Inc.


A gaming system harvests a current progressive value from available gaming devices. A protocol is implemented that incorporates the current progressive value with current geolocation data associated with the available plurality of gaming devices as a universal progressive data feed. The universal progressive data feed is published.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates in general to gaming devices and systems, and more particularly to techniques for tracking and publishing a current progressive value.
2. Description of the Related Art
Games of chance have been enjoyed by people for many years and have undergone increased and widespread popularity in recent times. As with most forms of entertainment, some players enjoy playing a single favorite game, while others prefer playing a wide variety of games. In response to the diverse range of player preferences, gaming establishments commonly offer many types of games and, in some cases, the potential for increased awards associated with certain games.
Individuals and group players often times seek for popular gaming devices (e.g., electronic gaming machine such as slot machines, video poker, and the like) that have large and frequent jackpots and awards, which are paid out at an increased rate compared to other gaming systems. Typically, awareness of the gaming devices with large and/or frequent awards are based on word of mouth, notifications on the gaming device itself, and/or a users historical experience. Moreover, players prefer to maintain their social interactivity while participating in gaming environments and share their gaming success.

Progressive value tracking and publication in gaming systems


A drive method for a display medium containing two particle types can drive the display medium with a low voltage and thereby achieve high image resolution, downsize the drive circuit, and lower the cost while improving the durability of the display medium. The display medium has a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent, disposed with a gap therebetween, and two types of particles of different color and charge characteristics sealed between the pair of substrates. To change the displayed image, the drive method applies a voltage pulse to at least one of the pair of substrates to pull particles that are to move to the substrate to which the particles that are to move adhere, and then applies a voltage pulse to move the particles that are to move to the substrate opposite the substrate to which the particles that are to move adhere.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for driving a display medium, and relates more particularly to a display medium driving method for applying a voltage pulse to a display medium containing two types of particles of different color and charge characteristics.
2. Description of Related Art
Twisting ball displays (dichroic twisting ball displays), electrophoretic image displays, magnetophoretic image displays, thermal rewritable image displays, and liquid crystals capable of storing an image have been proposed as display media capable of repeating image display.
Of these display media, thermal rewritable image displays and liquid crystals capable of storing an image offer excellent image retention but suffer from low contrast between the image and non-image (background) areas because they cannot present a paper-white background. It is therefore difficult to present a sharp image.
Furthermore, display media using electrophoresis or magnetophoresis have color particles that can be moved by an electrical or magnetic field dispersed in a white fluid medium. Images are formed by making the color particles adhere to the display surface in the image area to display the color of the color particles while removing the color particles from the display surface in the non-image areas to display the white of the white fluid. Furthermore, these types of displays can store an image because the color particles do not move without an electrical or magnetic field being applied. However, while these displays can present a clear white background, sufficient image density cannot be achieved due to the intrusion of the white fluid into the gaps between color particles in the image areas. Sufficient contrast therefore cannot be achieved between the image and non-image areas. A sharp image display therefore cannot be achieved. Furthermore, if the display medium is bent when removed from the image display, there is the possibility of the white fluid leaking from the display medium.
Furthermore, twisting ball displays present an image by applying an electric field to spheric particles (balls), half of each ball being coated white and the other half black, to selectively reverse ball orientation. For example, the balls are driven to present the black side to the surface of the display in the image areas, and present the white side to the display surface in the non-image areas. This type of display can also store an image because the balls do not change orientation unless a field is applied. This type of display medium can also be manufactured in sheets relatively easily because the inside of the display medium contains substantially only solid particles, although oil is present only in the cavities around the particles. However, this display medium cannot present a 100% white display in principle even if a field is applied to the display medium so that the entire display surface shows white because ambient light rays penetrating the gaps between the balls are not reflected and are lost inside the display medium. In addition, light absorption and diffusion by the cavities means that only a gray tinged white display can be achieved. It is also difficult to completely reverse the particles, leading to a drop in contrast and, as a result, making it difficult to present clear images. Moreover, because particle size must be smaller than the pixel size, minute particles coated different colors must be manufactured in order to achieve a high resolution display. This requires sophisticated manufacturing technology.
A medium having a conductive color toner and white particles sealed between a pair of opposing substrates has also been proposed as an image display medium with a white background. With this type of image display medium a charge is injected to the conductive color toner through a charge transport layer disposed on the inside electrode surface of the back substrate, and the charge-injected conductive color toner is moved to and caused to adhere to the inside of the display substrate by applying a field between the electrode panels to display an image (see Japan Hardcopy '99, pp. 249-252). This image display medium consists of only solids, and color of pixels can, in principle, be changed completely. The problem with this type of display medium is that contrast cannot be sufficiently improved because there is conductive color toner not in contact with the charge transport layer displayed to the inside electrode surface of the back substrate, there is also conductive color toner independent of other conductive color toner, and these conductive color toners are found randomly dispersed between the substrates because a charge is not applied thereto and the toner particles therefore are not moved by an electric field.
[Problem to be Solved]
We have proposed (Japanese Patent Application 2000-165138) a display medium having a pair of substrates and plural types of particle groups of different color and charge characteristics sealed between the substrates. This display medium can also store images because the particles do not move unless a field is applied. Fluid leaks also do not occur because the display medium contains only solids. A high contrast, sharp image can also be displayed because a 100% change in color of pixels can, in principle, be achieved.
However, to achieve sufficient image density with this type of display medium by driving the charged color particles with an electric field, it is necessary to apply a high voltage, typically of several hundred volts or more although this varies with the substrate gap. This high voltage requirement produces the following problems.
First, discharge and electric leaks occur easily if the wiring density is high, and it is therefore difficult to achieve a high resolution display. Furthermore, the lack of semiconductor devices suitable for controlling such high voltages means that mechanical relays must be used for electrical switching in the drive circuit. This makes it difficult to reduce circuit size and lower cost. In addition, applying a high drive voltage increases particle velocity when the particles are driven, resulting in particles colliding with each other and with the substrates. This leads to change in the electrical properties of the particles and degradation of the substrate surface, shortening display medium life.
There are both passive matrix and active matrix display medium drive methods. If the display comprises an n pixel by n pixel matrix, an active matrix drive method driving each individual pixel requires (n×n, or n×n×2) signal paths while a passive matrix drive method driving each individual line requires only (n+n) signal paths. Compared with an active matrix drive method, passive matrix drive uses an extremely simple drive circuit and offers the benefit of greatly lowering cost.
Passive matrix drive is further described next. Passive matrix drive is used with a display medium having a display substrate and back substrate, each having formed thereon plural parallel line electrodes at equal intervals. The substrates are assembled so that the electrodes of the two substrates are mutually orthogonal as shown in FIG. 1. Note that for simplicity the display medium in FIG. 1 has a 4×4 passive matrix configuration with four column electrodes (a-d) on the display substrate and four row electrodes (i-iv) on the back substrate. The electrodes of both the display and back substrates are also connected to the power supply with a passive matrix drive. To form an image, all pixels are normally first driven to a uniform color and only the color of the desired pixels is changed. To change the image one line at a time, a voltage is applied sequentially one line at a time to the row electrodes of the back substrate according to a line write signal while synchronously applying a voltage to the desired column electrodes of the display substrate according to a pixel signal.
Consider, for example, changing the color of the pixels at row i columns a and c, row ii columns b and d, and row iii columns a and c, from black to white using passive matrix drive in a display medium containing positively charged black particles and negatively charged white particles with the entire display substrate displaying black (see FIG. 1). In this case voltage VLW is first applied only to row i while synchronously applying voltage VSW to columns a and c, thus changing the color of the pixels at row i column a and row i column c where both voltages are applied from black to white. Next, voltage VLW is applied to only row ii while synchronously applying voltage VSW to columns b and d, thus changing the color of the pixels at row ii column b and row ii column d from black to white. Then voltage VLW is applied to only row iii while synchronously applying voltage VSW to columns a and c, thus changing the color of the pixels at row iii column a and row iii column c from black to white.
The drive field changing a pixel from black to white is thus (VSW−VLW)/d where d is the substrate gap. Note that a field of VSW/d or VLW/d is also applied to the pixels that do not change color. It is therefore necessary for the display not to change, that is, for the particles not to move, when VSW/d or VLW/d is applied. At the same time (VSW−VLW)/d is preferably as high as possible to achieve high display contrast. VSW is therefore usually set to the voltage at which white particles begin to move (the voltage at which image density begins to change, referred to below as the "particle drive start voltage"), and VLW is set to the voltage reversing the polarity of the particle drive start voltage for white particles.
When color of pixels is changed from white to black with passive matrix drive, VSB is set to the particle drive start voltage of black particles, and VLB is set to the voltage reversing the polarity of the particle drive start voltage for black particles.
To accomplish passive matrix drive as described above, the applied voltage-image density curve of the display medium must rise sharply after the particle drive start voltage is exceeded as shown in FIG. 30, and sufficient density must also be achieved at twice the particle drive start voltage.
However, as also shown in FIG. 8, the particle drive start voltage is low and the change in image density due to the subsequently applied voltage is gradual with the above display medium, and the desired image density cannot be achieved without a high voltage. Sufficient image density therefore is not achieved at twice the particle drive start voltage, and passive matrix drive cannot display images with sufficient contrast.
The present invention was conceived with consideration for the aforementioned problems, and provides a drive method for a display medium containing two types of particles whereby driving at a low voltage is possible and, as a result, high image resolution, drive circuit downsizing, low display cost, and improved display durability can be achieved.
Our invention also provides a drive method for a display medium containing two types of particles whereby high contrast can be achieved with passive matrix drive, and significant cost reduction in the drive circuit can be achieved.


A casing of a heat source unit for a refrigeration device is configured to allow air to flow from a machine chamber disposed at a lower portion of the casing to a heat exchange chamber disposed above the machine chamber. An electric component box includes a bottom panel, a side panel which has a vent opening, a top panel, and a vent opening cover for covering the vent opening of the side panel. The vent opening cover is provided with a plurality of slits extending in the vertical direction at positions deviated from a portion opposed to the vent opening of the side panel.

Patent Document 1 discloses a heat source unit for a refrigeration device. The heat source unit includes a machine chamber at a lower portion thereof, and a heat exchange chamber at an upper portion thereof. Devices, such as a compressor and an electric component box, are disposed in the machine chamber. A heat exchanger and a fan are disposed in the heat exchange chamber.
In this type of heat source unit, the water condensed on the ceiling of the machine chamber may drip onto the electric component box when, for example, the temperature in the machine chamber is increased. In addition, during rainfall, water that has entered into the machine chamber, i.e., a lower chamber where the compressor and the electric component box are located, from the heat exchange chamber, i.e., an upper chamber where the heat exchanger is located, may drip onto the electric component box. It is therefore necessary to ensure waterproofness of the electric component box. To address this issue, in this type of heat source unit, sheet metal parts of the electric component box may be caulked, or outer surfaces of the electric component box may be coated.

Heat source unit for refrigeration device


A pepper grinding tool comprises a toothed plate capable of moving relative to a toothed portion of an adjustable grinder part, and an adjustment assembly for adjusting a position of the grinder part relative to the toothed plate such that the pepper grinding tool can grind pepper between the toothed plate and the toothed portion into ground particulater of various degrees of according to need. The adjustment assembly includes a threaded portion screwed into a threaded hole of the grinder part, and a finger portion for a user to turn the adjustment assembly therefrom for adjusting the position of the grinder part.

The present invention relates to a pepper grinding tool.
Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, a heretofore known pepper grinding tool, which was filed by the same inventor of the present invention on Nov. 25, 1996, and patented from the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office on Mar. 24, 1998 with U.S. Pat. No. 5,730,374, comprises a head member 1, a bottom socket 2, a restraining plate 3, a guide member 4, an adjustable grinder part 5, a movable member 6, a depressed block 7, a handled member 8, and an adjustment block 9 as main parts.
The head member 1 has a hollow portion 12, which is a hollow on a mediate portion thereof.
The restraining plate 3 is fixedly disposed on a bottom of the head member 1, and has a hole for an upper end of the movable member 6 to be passed therethrough.
The bottom socket 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the head member 1, and has a condiment exit 22 for a lower end of the movable member 6 to be passed therethrough.
The guide member 4 is fastened between the restraining plate 3 and the bottom socket 2.
The adjustable grinder part 5 is movably disposed in a guide channel of the guide member 4, and has a sloped toothed portion 51 facing the mavable member 6. The adjustable block 9 is provided for a user to adjust the distance between the sloped toothed portion 51 of the grinder part 5 and a toothed plate 62 fixed to the movable member 6, the grinder part 5 being capable of moving toward, or away from, the toothed plate 62 upon moving the adjustable block 9.
A spring 61 is associated with the movable member 6 to give it an upward biasing force.
The depressed block 7 is disposed on the hollow portion 12 of the head member 1, coupled to a top end of the movable member 6.
The handled member 8 is disposed within the hollow portion 12 of the head member 1, and pivoted to the head member 1 from a lower end thereof such that the handled member 8 can be pressed to move inwardly of the head member 1. The handled member 8 further has a pushing protrusion 81, which is adjacent to a top end slope 72 of the depressed block 7, such that the depressed block 7 is pushed downwards upon pushing the handled member 8 inwardly of the head member 1. Thus, the movable member 6 moves downward in order for the toothed plate 62 coupled thereto to move relative to the sloped toothed portion 51 of the grinder part 5 to grind pepper disposed in between.
The spring 61 biases the movable member 6 upward on the user releasing the handled member 8 after pressing. So, the user can press and release the handled member 8 repeatedly for the toothed plate 62 to move upward and downward to grind the pepper.
When the pepper is ground into finer one, it falls out of the pepper grinding tool from the condiment exit 22.


A system that analyzes music to detect musical beats and to rectify beats that are out of sync with the actual beat phase of the music. The music analysis includes onset detection, tempo/meter estimation, and beat analysis, which includes the rectification of out-of-sync beats.

Tempo and beat analysis is the basis of rhythm perception and music understanding. Although most humans can easily follow the beat of music by tapping their feet or clapping their hands, detecting a musical beat automatically remains a difficult task.
Various media editing and playback tools utilize automatic beat detection. For example, currently available movie editing tools permit a user to extract important video shots from a movie and to align transitions between these shots with the beat of a piece of music. Various photo viewing and presentation tools allow a user to put together a slideshow of photos set to music. Some of these photo presentation tools can align the transition between photos in the slideshow with the beat of the music. Other music playback media tools provide visualizations on a computer screen while playing back music. Music visualizations can be any sort of visual design such as circles, lines, flames, fountains, smoke, etc., that change in appearance while music is being played back. Transitions in the appearance of a music visualization that are linked to the beat of the music provide a more interesting experience for the user than if such transitions occur randomly.
The burgeoning use of computers to store, access, edit and playback various media through such media tools makes the task of music beat analysis and detection increasingly important. Accurate and efficient beat analysis and detection algorithms are therefore becoming basic components for various media editing and playback tools that perform tasks such as those mentioned above. However, prior methods and systems of beat analysis and detection have several disadvantages. One disadvantage is that most prior beat analysis and detection methods require that assumptions be made about the time signature and hierarchical meter of the music. For example, a typical assumption made in prior methods is that the time signature of the music is 4/4. Another disadvantage with prior methods/systems is that not all of the detected beats in such systems are in sync with the actual beat phase of the music. Often, there are detected beats that are out of sync or locked in a false beat phase. Furthermore, prior methods and systems do not offer a way to rectify the beats that are out of sync with the true beat phase of the music.
Accordingly, a need exists for improved beat analysis and detection that does not require assumptions regarding musical time signature and hierarchical meter, and that overcomes various disadvantages with prior methods such as those mentioned above.


In a module with a built-in semiconductor, higher densification is achieved by disposing inner vias close to a semiconductor device. A module which has a space (107) between a first wiring layer (102a) and a built-in semiconductor device (105). The module is obtained by: mounting the semiconductor device (105) on a first wiring layer (102a) of a wiring board (103) without using a sealing resin; stacking on the circuit board an electrically insulating substrate having a through bore (inner via) (104) filled with a conductive paste and an opening for receiving the semiconductor device, and a mold release carrier having a second wiring layer (102b) in the stated order; and heating and pressurizing so that the semiconductor device (105) is incorporated in a core layer (101) which is formed by curing the electrically insulating substrate.

Recently, a higher density semiconductor with more functions is needed, since electronic equipment having higher performance and smaller size is required. For this reason, a three-dimensional mounting technique has been actively developed, wherein semiconductor devices and components are mounted three-dimensionally to reduce the mounting area. The three-dimensional mounting has the advantage of shortening a wire length between the semiconductor devices and the length between the components, resulting in an excellent high frequency property. An example of a module with a built-in semiconductor manufactured by using a conventional three-dimensional mounting technique is described below with reference to a drawing. In this specification, a term "module" is used as the term which means not only a device having functions as a single unit but also a part of construction of one device.
FIG. 18 shows a cross-sectional view of a module with a built-in semiconductor manufactured by using a conventional three-dimensional mounting technique. The module with a built-in semiconductor includes a core layer 201 which is an electrically insulating substrate, wiring layers 202 with a desired wiring pattern, inner vias 204 formed by filling through holes with a conductive resin, which electrically connect the wiring layers 202, a circuit board 203, a semiconductor device 205 which is disposed within the core layer 201 and electrically connected to the wiring layer 202. The semiconductor device 205 is flip-chip bonded onto the wiring layer 202 through protruding electrodes 206 formed on the device 205. The wiring layer 202 on which the semiconductor device 205 is mounted constitutes a double-sided circuit board 203, together with an electrically insulating layer 208, a wiring layer which faces the wiring layer 202 across the layer 208 and inner vias 209 electrically connecting the wiring layers. A sealing resin 216 fills a space between the wiring layer 202 and a functional element-formed surface of the semiconductor device 205 (that is, a surface having an element(s), such as a circuit, which is necessary for fulfilling a predetermined function of the semiconductor element). This sealing resin 216 extends over edge portions of the semiconductor device 205. Viewing from the direction of an arrow "a", it is found that a peripheral edge of the resin surrounds the peripheral edge of the semiconductor device 205. See Japanese Patent Kokai (Laid-Open) Publication No. 2001-244638(A).
Further, as a cellular phone, personal computer and sensor are preferred to be multifunctional, these equipments are often provided with an imaging apparatus. These equipments are needed to be smaller and lighter. For this reason, in order to make the imaging apparatus smaller and lighter, a module wherein a semiconductor imaging device is incorporated has been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent Kokai (Laid-Open) Publication No. 2001-245186(A), an image-taking apparatus is proposed, which includes a three-dimensional circuit board having a leg and cylindrical barrel provided on the leg, a semiconductor device attached on back of the leg, and a lens supported inside the barrel to impinge a light onto the semiconductor imaging device.

Module with a built-in semiconductor and method for producing the same

Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.


A brake booster for a brake system of a vehicle, having a first input piston component, and a valve body. The brake booster has a second input piston component, which is pushed away from the first input piston component in the braking direction using a compression spring, and a locking mechanism is embodied such that when the differential travel between the booster travel and the input travel is smaller than a predefined first limit value, the second input piston component is adjustable using the compression spring together with the valve body away from the first input piston component, and when the differential travel exceeds the first limit differential travel, the second input piston component is locked in place on the first input piston component.

German Patent Application No. DE 10 2014 211551 A1 describes an electromechanical brake booster and a method for operating such an electromechanical brake booster. The electromechanical brake booster includes an input piston, which is directly or indirectly linkable to a brake actuation element so that the input piston is adjustable from its initial position by an input travel in a braking direction with the aid of a driver braking force exerted on the brake actuation element. In addition, the electromechanical brake booster has a valve body, which is directly or indirectly linkable to a motor so that the valve body is adjustable from its initial position by a booster travel in the braking direction by an operation of the motor, the valve body in particular being adjustable with respect to the input rod in such a way that a differential travel greater than zero is possible between the booster travel and the input travel.

Brake booster and production method for a brake booster


This disclosure is directed to a storage container for human remains which comprises a bottom portion, a plurality of walls each having a bottom edge coupled to the bottom means, a rim portion, a cover which fits into a recessed portion of the rim portion, a retainer portion which retains the cover within the recessed portion, fastener means to fasten the retainer portion to the cover wherein the container contains ashed human remains.

It is obvious that knowledge and awareness of storage containers for human remains are integrated into almost every person's perception of the natural processes of life and death. In fact, a large part of human knowledge about life in the past and the development of various civilizations throughout the world come from the various kinds of storage containers for human remains which have endured mainly intact into the present. There have been many successful designs using a variety of materials as we can see by the various types of urns, crypts and coffins that exist in museums and collections. In spite of these successes, the ever evolving availability of new materials and manufacturing create new opportunities in the ways in which various items, including storage containers for human remains can be designed and made.

Storage container for human remains and method therefor


A system, methods and apparatus for powered monofin that propels a swimmer through water uses one of two modes of power: 1. An electric-assist mode, in which the propulsor responds to a swimmer's kick by multiplying the work of the swimmer; 2. Inverse mode, in which the propulsor deactivates when the swimmer is working. In this mode, propulsion is inversely related to the work of the swimmer. As the swimmer does more work, power from the monofin is reduced, to a predetermined, average level of propulsion. As the swimmer does less work propulsion increases to the predetermined level.

Personal underwater vehicles designed for water sports, such as diver propulsion vehicles (DPV), use electric propulsors and some type of a handle, grip or hook-up mechanism to mechanically connect the diver/swimmer to the vehicle. Speed is controlled by dials, switches or manual throttle mechanisms.
"Sea scooters" are handheld, battery-powered underwater-sports devices that can tow a person through the water. They may be attached to lower limbs and used as pushing devices.
A monofin is a type of swim fin typically used in underwater sports such as fin-swimming, free-diving and underwater orienteering. Resembling a fish's tail fin, it consists of single or linked surfaces attached to both of the diver's feet. Monofins are used to convert muscle power into propulsive work.
To use a monofin a person inserts both feet into the fin's foot openings and swims with a dolphin kick, which is a power stroke of the legs, with the feet thrust rearward.
In assistive technology (electric-assist), a sensor detects cadence or torque and indicates to a controller to accelerate. With cadence-sensing, a sensor on the main housing of an apparatus picks up movement of a magnet attached to the moving parts of the apparatus, and communicates with a motor to turn on.
Torque sensors measure the force placed on a moving part of an apparatus, in this case a fin. Force on the monofin is communicated to the torque sensor to tell it there activate to assist human work.
A MOSFET transistor (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) is a commonly used semiconductor device for switching and amplifying electronic signals in electronic devices. A magnetic switch is used to switch electronics while allowing the switch to remain in an enclosed environment. An example of a magnetic switch is a reed switch wherein a magnet outside of the enclosed environment causes a flexible member to move and close a normally-open electrical contact or to move and open a normally-closed electrical contact.
A sensor is an apparatus for measuring input from an input device. An input device may include light, heat, magnetic material pressure or proximity.

Apparatus and method for controlling fluid propulsion


A phase-locked loop circuit includes a regulator circuit, first and second inductor-capacitor tank circuits, and first and second load capacitors. The regulator circuit generates a supply voltage. The first load capacitor is coupled to the regulator circuit and to the first inductor-capacitor tank circuit. The first load capacitor provides current for the supply voltage to the first inductor-capacitor tank circuit. The second load capacitor is coupled to the regulator circuit and to the second inductor-capacitor tank circuit. The second load capacitor provides current for the supply voltage to the second inductor-capacitor tank circuit.

A phase-locked loop (PLL) is an electronic circuit that adjusts the frequency of a feedback clock signal based on the frequency of a reference clock signal. Phase-locked loops (PLLs) provide periodic signals for data recovery, data transfer, and other clocking functions in integrated circuits. PLLs often supply a clock signal generated by an oscillator to one or more frequency divider circuits that divide the clock signal to a lower frequency clock signal for distribution around an integrated circuit or system.

Techniques relating to phase-locked loop circuits


An optical disk is provided for recording data of a signal modulated according to a predetermined modulation method in a form of concavo-convex pits. The optical disk includes a first area having a reflecting film partly removed, and a second area for recording pits which are different from pits satisfying requirements of the predetermined modulation method. The first area having the reflecting film partly removed includes a portion which is formed by removing the reflecting film, and has a length longer than a maximum pit length determined by the modulation method in a circumferential direction of the optical disk. When the pits recorded on the optical disk are physically copied as they are, physical copying of the optical disk can be prevented by utilizing such a difference that the authorized optical disk differs from a pirated copy in a combination of the respective reproduced signals of the first and second areas.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an optical disk for recording copyrighted content information, and a method and an apparatus for reproducing copyrighted content information recorded in an optical disk.
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent multimedia societies, optical disks such as a CD-ROM and a DVD have become remarkably widespread. With the widespread use of the optical disks, so-called pirated ROM disks have appeared and allow a pirate to benefit from the disk without compensating a copyright owner by fraud by illegally making a pirated copy of the optical disk. The percentage of pirated copies of disks is rapidly increasing. Illegal copying of the optical disk can take place in the following manner. Generally speaking, a pirate purchases an authorized optical disk, makes a master tape by reproducing information recorded on the optical disk by means of a disk drive, and mass-produces the pirated copies from the master tape by the same method as a general disk manufacturing method.
In order to protect against the above-mentioned unauthorized copying, some optical disks are devised so that they can be reproduced by only a player designed specifically for them. As this type of optical disk, for example, there is disclosed in the Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No 7-85574 a method including the steps of recording main information on an optical recording medium using a predetermined coding means, storing key information indicating decoding means for decoding the main information in a form of a barcode symbol in a mirror surface area or the like, reading our the key information by a reproducing apparatus, decoding and reproducing the main information utilizing a coding method indicated by the key information.
The above-mentioned method of protecting against unauthorized copying has such a very excellent advantage that a general optical disk player cannot reproduce the optical disk. However, the method is helpless against and cannot protect against copying means for performing copying involving no reproducing operation, i.e., for physically copying or transferring concavo-convex pits of data of a signal recorded on an optical disk surface as they are. This copying method requires no reproducing means, and can copy concavo-convex pit information of the optical disk as it is even though original data of signal to be recorded on the optical disk is made sophisticated and complicated. Therefore, the above-mentioned method of protecting against unauthorized copying is useless.

Optical disk, and method and apparatus for reproducing information recorded in optical disk


An OLED display panel and an encapsulating method of the same are provided. The OLED display panel includes a base substrate; an OLED device disposed on the base substrate; and a thin film encapsulating layer. The thin film encapsulating layer includes a first inorganic layer, an organic layer, and a second inorganic layer. The organic layer comprises a lower surface contacted to the first inorganic layer, an upper surface away from the first inorganic layer, and a plurality of side surfaces connected to the upper surface and the lower surface, an orthogonal projection of the upper surface projecting on the base substrate is disposed within an orthogonal projection of the lower surface projecting on the base substrate, and each of the plurality of side surfaces is inclined.

Organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays have many advantages, such as self-emission, low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency, short response time, high definition and contrast, flexible display and large-area full-color display. It is recognized by industry as a most promising display device.
A packaging part of an OLED display panel usually adopts a laminated structure in which an inorganic layer, an organic layer, and an inorganic layer are sequentially distributed. Among them, the inorganic layer structure is mainly configured to prevent invasion of water and oxygen, and the organic layer structure is configured to improve stress between film layer structures and to cover particles from environment. In a process of leveling the organic solution, in order to match film formation areas of upper and lower inorganic films, organic solution must be leveled to form a film at a specified position. In the meantime, when the organic solution is leveled, the solution overflows and diffuses, which leads to problems that the accuracy of the OLED display panel is reduced and the resistance of the OLED display panel to water and oxygen is reduced.
At present, in order to prevent the organic solution from overflowing, an edge area of the OLED packaging part usually needs to be reserved with a large width. At the same time, two circles of retaining walls are set on an outer layer of the packaging part to prevent the organic layer from overflowing. OLED display panel edge width in the design is enlarge and is not favor products to narrow bezel. Therefore, there is need for an OLED display panel and an encapsulating method thereof to solve above problems.

OLED display panel and encapsulating method of same

Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., LTD.


A backlight module comprising a light guild plate, at least one lamp, a lower frame, at least one turning holder, a locating block and an upper frame is provided. The lower frame is used for carrying the light guild plate and the lamp. The light guide plate has light incidence planes and light emergence planes, and the lamp is disposed beside at least a part of the light incidence planes. The lamp has at least one turning angle, and the turning holder covers the turning angle of the lamp. The locating block is disposed on the turning holder, and the upper frame is disposed on the lower frame and exposes the light emergence plane. The upper frame has a locating opening, and the locating block is embedded in the locating opening. The backlight module provides three-dimensional preservation to preserve the lamp from the damage caused by external impact.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to a backlight module. More particularly, the present invention relates to a backlight module which can preserve the lamp thereof from external impact and loading.
2. Description of Related Art
The liquid crystal display (LCD) comprises a liquid crystal panel and a back light module. Since the liquid crystals inside the panel are incapable of emitting any light, the liquid crystal panel must be illuminated from below by a planar light source such as the one produced by the back light module. Hence, the back light module is an important component in any liquid crystal display. The back light module can be further categorized into a direct-type back light module and a side-type back light module according to the position of the light source. Due to the requirement of the brightness, an L-shaped lamp is adopted as the light source of the side-type back light module recently.
FIG. 1A is a partially perspective view illustrating a conventional backlight module, and FIG. 1B schematically illustrates a sectional view of the conventional backlight module along line I-I′ after assembled. Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the backlight 100 comprises a light guide plate 110, an L-shaped lamp 120, a lower frame 150 and an upper frame 160. The light guide plate 110 has a light incidence plane 112, a light diffusion plane 114 and a light emergence plane 116. The L-shaped lamp 120 is disposed beside the light incidence plane 112 to provide light into the light guide plate 110 via the light incidence plane 112. The light can be diffused and reflected by the light diffusion plane 114 and then emerges from the light emergence plane 116. Accordingly, the light guide plate 110 transforms the linear light source into a uniform planar light source for a liquid crystal panel (not shown in drawings).
In addition, the lower frame 150 is used for carrying the light guide plate 110 and the L-shaped lamp 120. The upper frame 160 is fixed on the lower frame 150, and the upper frame 160 exposes the light emergence plane 116 of the light guide plate 110. Thus, the planar light source from the light emergence plane 116 can arrive the liquid crystal panel (not shown in drawings) disposed above the upper frame 160.
Referring to FIG. 1A, holders 122, 124, and 126 are adopted to cover the turning angle, the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the L-shaped lamp 120 to locate the L-shaped lamp 120 on an appropriate position. Nevertheless, the holder 122 may shift and expose the turning angle as moving the backlight module 100, and thus external impact or loading may damage the turning angle of the backlight module 100.
Besides, even though the holders 122, 124 and 126 cover the L-shaped lamp 120 exactly, that can prevent the L-shaped lamp 120 from only the impact and loading on the x-y plane but not the loading of the liquid crystal panel along z-axis. In other words, the weight of the liquid crystal panel causes impact or pressure to the L-shaped lamp 120 along z-axis in the assembling process of the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module 100 may lead to the damage of the L-shaped lamp 120. Therefore, means for preserving the lamp of the backlight from the external force has been an important issue in this field.


Indole derivatives of Formula (I+A) having antitumor and chemosensitizing activity are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions containing the above-mentioned compounds, for the treatment of tumors.

The therapy of tumours is being currently achieved by surgical intervention, radiation treatment and chemotherapy. The drawbacks of this latter are mainly due to the toxicity of the cytotoxic drugs, which is usually not limited to the cancer cells, and to the acquired resistance of the cancer cells to some of the most widely used drugs, which reduces the long-term efficacy of the therapy.
The elimination of the primary tumour by surgery is not always possible and in any case does not prevent the most metastasizing tumours, such as for example breast cancer or melanoma, to invade other target organs.
It has become evident that the therapy of the metastasizing tumours is unlikely to bring to the complete cure of the patient; therefore, the treatment with cytotoxic drugs is now seen as a palliative and life-prolonging method rather than a curative method. A chronic treatment with a drug having low toxicity would be preferable, while targeted to the control of the progression of the disease.
During the last years cancer drug development has moved from conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutics to a more mechanism-based targeted approach towards the common goal of tumour growth arrest. The rapid progress in chromatin research and understanding epigenetic control has supplied a plethora of potential targets for intervention in cancer.
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been widely implicated in growth and transcriptional control, and inhibition of HDAC activity using small molecules causes apoptosis in tumour cells. Histone deacetylase inhibitors are now known to be potent inducers of growth arrest, differentiation, or apoptotic cell death in a variety of transformed cells in culture and in tumour bearing animals (Marks, P. A., Current Opinions in Oncology, 2001, Nov. 13 (6): 477-83; Marks, P., Nat. Rev. Cancer 2001 Dec. 1 (3):194-202).
On the other hand, as anticipated before, another very important and keenly perceived aspect of oncological therapy is the onset of resistance to the drug used by the tumour cells treated. The cells that develop resistance to a drug are often capable of resisting the effects of many other antitumour drugs, even if these are unrelated chemically or act with different mechanisms of action. (Annu. Rev. Med. 1991, 42: 277-286; Drugs of the Future 1997, 22: 653-660).
A number of tumours, such as, for instance, tumours of the adrenal cortex, colon, kidneys and jejunum and liver carcinoma manifest drug resistance right from the very start of treatment with antitumour drugs (Barrows, L. R. Antineoplastic and Immunoactive Drugs, 1995; 75; 1236-1262).
In other cases, the tumour cells acquire resistance in a manner similar to that of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. This type of resistance has genetic or epigenetic changes; these changes allow the daughter cells to proliferate in a milieu in which the antitumour agent is present.
Whatever the cause of the resistance, it leads to inefficacy of the antineoplastic treatment in the long term.
Patent application WO99/00381 describes bis-indole derivatives with antimetastatic activity.
Patent application WO02/36561, filed in the name of the applicant discloses compounds bis-heterocyclic compounds useful as antitumour agents.
In conclusion, in the oncology field there is a strongly perceived need for new compounds endowed with antitumour and/or chemosensitising activity, i.e. compounds which are active against drug-resistant tumours and/or capable of making known antitumour drugs active against tumours against which they were ineffective owing to the onset of the above-mentioned conditions of drug resistance.

Indole derivatives having antitumor activity

Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A.


An apparatus for forming pellets in which a medium to be pelletized is delivered to a distribution box, the distribution box intermittently expelling discrete portions of the medium outwardly to form droplets. A conveyor moves the droplets away from the distribution box, the droplets solidifying into pellets as they travel along the conveyor.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming pellets from a liquid or flowable medium. More particularly, the present invention relates to such an apparatus in which a medium to be pelletized is delivered to a distribution box and the distribution box comprises means for intermittently expelling portions of the medium to form pellets.
2. Prior Art
There is a need in the art for an apparatus which can reliably, efficiently and consistently produce high quality pellets from a medium. In particular, a need exists in the cleaning products industry for an apparatus which is capable of mixing two or more components to create a mixture, raising the temperature of the mixture to partially or completely liquefy the mixture, and forming pellets from the mixture in a reliable high-volume application.
A brief summary of some previos pellet forming devices follows.
Perky, U.S. Pat. No. 1,022,501, discloses a machine for processing grain into filaments. The grain is preferably cooked before being processed by the machine of Perky. The cooked grain is pressurized by a hand press and the pressure forces the grain out of holes in the sides of a hollow cylinder.
Meakin, U.S. Pat. No. 2,391,638, discloses an apparatus for making pellets, which is particularly directed to pelletizing material such as sodium, magnesium or gun powder which is dangerous to handle in the presence of oxygen. In the apparatus of Meakin, an extrusion chamber is defined by a cylindrical die having a plurality of holes formed therein. A shaft coupled to the cylindrical die rotates the die. A feed screw feeds material to be pelletized into the interior of the die and an extrusion roller is located in a fixed position within the die below the feed screw inlet. The material to be pelletized is fed by gravity between the inside surface of the die and the extrusion roller, and rotation of the die crushes the material through the holes in the die to form pellets which fall to a collection area below the die.
Fisher, U.S. Pat. No. 2,764,951, discloses a pellet mill employing a perforated annular die and a plurality of rolls mounted within the die for forcing the material to be pelletized through the perforations in the die. The die of Fisher is mounted on a horizontal axis for rotation thereof, and the rollers are mounted on a stationary support within the die. Knives are mounted adjacent the outer surface of the die to cut off the extruded material in pellets of the desired length. An improved version of the Fisher apparatus is disclosed in Curran et al., U.S. Pat. No. 2,887,718.
Cann, U.S. Pat. No. 3,786,645, discloses an apparatus for making compacted pellets of solid phase carbon dioxide. The apparatus of Cann includes an annular die having a plurality of radial extrusion passages therein and a CO.sub.2 injector for flashing liquid carbon dioxide to form snow within the die immediately ahead of a compression zone formed by an eccentric impeller mounted for movement around the die. The impeller compacts and extrudes the snow outwardly through the extrusion passages, forming rod-like extrusions of solid phase carbon dioxide. The rod-like extrusions break off under their own weight after leaving the extrusion passages or, may be broken off by a deflector to form pellets of a desired maximum length.
While various type of apparatus for forming pellets are disclosed in the prior art, a need still exists for a pellet forming apparatus which can form pellets from a mixture which includes a liquid component, the apparatus including a means for intermittently expelling the mixture from the interior of the apparatus in discrete portions, the apparatus also capable of operating reliably in a high-volume production capacity.


A lower extremity prosthesis solves the problem of relieving the end of the leg stump (S) from a portion of the vertical forces acting on it by pressure from the socket (1) surrounding and supporting the stump, by providing a mechanism capable of transferring forces to the tibia (T). The mechanism includes a first member (13) connected to the tibia and second members (5, 8) detachably connected to the first member and carried by the socket.

The present invention relates to a lower extremity prosthetic fitting which is improved in respect of the transfer of loading forces between the fitting and the skeleton parts inside the shortened leg, the stump. Irrespective of whether the reason for the shortening was morbid changes of the lower portion of the leg which made it necessary to remove that portion by amputation, for instance due to diabetes, or the result of an accident, e.g. a traffic accident, the residual part of the lower extremity will assume the shape of a stump in which the skeleton parts are both laterally and at their lower ends surrounded by soft tissues. When, following healing after the shortening, a lower extremity prosthesis is to be fitted, this fitting is provided with a socket open at its top end and tapering in the downward direction. It is intended to surround the stump and at its lower, closed end connected to an artificial foot. The function of the socket is to maintain the fitting connected to the stump. In order for the fitting to fulfill that function the internal shape of the socket must in a special way match the shape of the stump so that the loading forces acting on the foot can be transferred to the stump and from there further on to the knee-joint, the thigh-bone and the hip-joint.
The first step in that force transfer, from the socket to the knee-joint, takes place via the residual part of the tibia. However, this transfer will be indirect in the sense that as mentioned above, this skeleton member is surrounded by soft tissues also at the bottom of the stump. These soft portions are deformed, especially during the transfer of the substantially vertically oriented forces which occur when the patient is standing, when he walks and, generally, when the distance between the artificial foot and the thigh is varying. In such situations there occurs a relative movement between the stump and the socket. This movement, in the vertical direction often referred to as "pumping" and in the transversal direction as "staggering", is undesired for two reasons. One reason is that the play results in instability and the second reason that it may, in combination with the pressure against the soft portions, develop infections and wounds, in the most serious cases to such an extent that the prosthesis must not be used during a longer or shorter period of time.
There does accordingly exist a need for a possibility, to the extent desired, to replace this indirect transfer of forces to the tibia, that is via the remaining soft portions of the leg below the knee-joint, by a rigid, mechanical transfer direct to the tibia, which would result in a corresponding elimination of the possibility of pumping and staggering including their detrimental consequences.
It is prior art in thigh-leg prostheses to attain such a stress-relief by a rigid force transfer from the prosthesis directly to the skeleton member in the thigh. In such prior art designs the connection to the thigh-bone has been created by means of a pin extending vertically upwards from the bottom of the socket and entering an axial bore from the bottom end of the thigh-bone. It is, however, for several reasons very difficult to use such a force transfer arrangement in low extremity prosthetic fittings. Those reasons are due to the anatomical differences, in terms of different thicknesses and different shapes, which exist between a thigh-bone and a tibia. In both those cases the bone tissue proper surrounds an axial extending space containing bone-marrow. While the thigh-bone, femur, exhibits a great transversal dimension--it is the thickest bone of the skeleton--and is almost circular in cross-section, the tibia is considerably more narrow and substantially triangular in cross-section. Further, its wall thickness is considerably less. Also in a grown up person it normally amounts to just 3-5 mms and, quite naturally, in children the tibia wall surrounding the central bone-marrow space is still thinner. In this context it must also be noted that the force-absorbing ability of a pin inserted axially in the bone-marrow space is limited as far as lateral forces are concerned. While it is true that such lateral forces are of a negligible magnitude when the amputee is standing still in an upright position, they increase to considerable magnitudes when he is walking in which situation also dynamic force components are added. Should the amputee for instance kick or slip, these forces become very high. For those reasons orthopaedists and prosthesis-technicians have had to establish that so far they have not succeeded to solve the pumping problem, its related inconveniences and the risks for the patients, by using in lower extremity prosthetic fittings the same type of mechanisms for transferring forces between the fitting and the skeleton members of the extremity as can be used in thigh-bone prostheses.


An advertisement remarketing method, system, and non-transitory computer readable medium, include a gaze tracking circuit configured to track a gaze of a user relative to a plurality of advertisements displayed on content-serving devices to determine a focus level of the user with respect to each of the plurality of advertisements, a list creating circuit configured to create a plurality of ranked lists ranking the focus level of the user for each of the plurality of advertisements, each of the plurality of ranked lists corresponding to a different content-serving device of the content-serving devices, and a remarketing circuit configured to remarket advertisements to the user on a user device based on the plurality of ranked lists.

The present invention relates generally to an advertisement remarketing system, and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to an advertisement remarketing system for remarketing advertisements (i.e., products, services etc.) to a user, based upon their interest level as measured from prior viewership, in a cross-device and a cross-channel scenario, in a digital behavior context such as browsing the web and using mobile applications.
Conventionally, advertisements have been generated on a user device (such as a mobile phone or computer) while browsing content based on a user's objects of interest in the videos and images within the browsing session or channel being broadcasted.
Other conventional techniques have considered cross-channel and cross-device remarketing from advertisements previously generated and advertised to the user.
However, there is a technical problem in the conventional techniques in that the conventional techniques do not consider remarketing of advertisements based on a measured level of interest of the user in advertisements in a cross-channel and cross-device manner.

System, method, and recording medium for advertisement remarketing

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION


A medical device monitors a level of fluid accumulation, e.g., pulmonary edema, and one or more respiratory parameters of the patient to detect worsening heart failure. The medical device may use intrathoracic impedance measurements to monitor both the fluid accumulation and the one or more respiratory parameters. Respiration rate and volume, also referred to as the tidal volume, are examples of respiratory parameters. The medical device examines the one or more respiratory parameters after determining that the fluid accumulation indicates worsening heart failure. In this manner, the medical device uses the one or more respiratory parameters to confirm a determination of worsening heart failure that was made based on the fluid accumulation.

Generally, the first indication of worsening heart failure is significant swelling or breathing difficulties that cause the patient to visit a clinic, or be transported to a hospital on an emergency basis. By this point, cardiac decompensation may have progressed to a point requiring patient hospitalization. Accordingly, a variety of medical devices have been used, or proposed for use, to monitor heart failure, detect heart failure events, and provide an alert to the patient to seek medical treatment prior to the onset of worsening heart failure with symptoms that require hospitalization, such as severe pulmonary edema. Typically, such medical devices have been implantable. In many cases, such devices have been cardiac pacemakers, cardioverters, and/or defibrillators with added heart failure monitoring functionality.
Some medical devices have monitored heart failure by monitoring intrathoracic impedance. Intrathoracic impedance may generally provide an indication of the level of edema in patients. Worsening heart failure may result in cardiac chamber dilation, increased interstitial fluid volume, and pulmonary edema—all of which contribute to a decrease in intrathoracic impedance.

Detecting worsening heart failure based on fluid accumulation with respiratory confirmatoin


A reading light ring including a battery powered LED as the source of illumination. The reading light ring is intended to be worn on the index finger and operated by means of a thumb operated switch located on the side of the ring. The light emitted by the LED is preferably blue to green in wavelength so as to improve visual acuity in low light environments while minimizing the impact on the human eye readjusting from lighted to dark conditions. The LED is positioned so as to direct most of its light at an angle which would allow the illumination of a document held in the device bearing hand and allow the LED to be shielded by the opposing hand. The device is preferably waterproof and shock resistant.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to portable illuminating devices, particularly to hands-free illuminating devices worn on the hand. More particularly to hands-free LED sources of illumination worn on the hand.
2. Problems in the Art
Small, portable reading lights have been a part of the field for a considerable length of time. The problem with these devices is that most must be held, thus occupying one hand and leaving the other hand to hold and steady the reading material. This can be clumsy and awkward for the person using the device. Situations exist where the user doesn't have the luxury of fumbling with an illuminating device. Pilots and military personnel can ill afford to make mistakes and become distracted from their task at hand. Additionally, there exists a need for illumination that is bright enough for the task of reading documents such as maps while not being so bright as to cause a dangerous degradation in visual acuity while the user's eyes readjust when the light is turned off. Also, there exists a need for a wearable illuminating device that can be shielded so as to minimize light that escapes in unneeded directions and can reveal the position of the wearer. Several attempts at flashlights integrated with rings are described in the patent literature.
An early attempt at combining a flashlight and ring is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,516,180, FINGER RING WITH FLASHLIGHT ATTACHMENT by Brown (May 27, 1948), which describes a ring with finger switch operated flashlight attachment. The Brown invention is markedly different from the present invention in that the lamp is much larger, the power source was a rather large, exposed battery that was flimsily attached, and used a large incandescent bulb.
A significant advancement in the art is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,012,629, FLASHLIGHT RING by Simms (Mar. 15, 1977), which describes a ring with an integrated lamp socket and bulb and arcuate batteries that were contained within the circumference of the ring. The Simms invention is markedly different from the present invention because of the use of a bulb instead of a light-emitting diode (LED) and the location of a protruding button-like switch on the bottom of the ring instead of the use of a sunken pressure sensitive switch on the thumb side of the ring. The Simms invention is also an assembly of pieces along the circumference of the ring that forms the finger orifice while the present invention is preferably of unitary construction.
Japanese Patent 06187802, RING-SHAPED PORTABLE FLASHLIGHT by Yoshisada (Jul. 8, 1994) describes a flashlight formed within a ring shape. However, the Yoshisada patent does not disclose the use of led lights or the use of a thumb switch for one-handed operation. The Yoshisada invention requires the opposing hand to turn the top of the ring 180 degrees to actuate the power switch.

Hands free light emitting diode (LED) illumination device


An electrical connector housing including a base; and a cover. The cover is adapted to be connected to the base to capture at least one electrical connector component in the base. The cover includes a first section and a second section. The second section is movably connected to the first section by a connection. The second section is movable between an open position relative to the base and a closed position. The connection includes a detent latching system for latching the second section in the open position to allow access to a location inside the base.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an electrical connector and, more particularly, to an electrical connector housing cover.
2. Brief Description of Prior Developments
Electrical connectors such as squib connectors or air bag gas generator connectors are well known in the art. Some electrical connectors, such as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,616,045 and 6,663,411 B2, have housings with movable cover sections. In U.S. Pat. No. 6,663,411 B2 the housing and the cover have sections attached by living hinges which can be moved to allow crimping of electrical contacts onto conductors.
There is a desire to be able to provide an electrical connector which is substantially pre-assembled except for connection of its contacts with conductors. U.S. Pat. No. 6,663,411 B2 shows one such electrical connector. However, the connection of the movable housing and cover sections merely by living hinges does not prevent the housing and/or cover section from moving into the area where crimping of the contacts will occur. This might damage the housing and/or cover section or interfere with proper crimping. There is a desire to provide an electrical connector having a housing which allows for crimping of the contacts inside the housing, and which is subsequently closed, but which is a substantially complete assembly before crimping.


An EMI shield apparatus for connecting to a CRU frame, a memory unit emitting EMI through a periphery of the CRU frame, the EMI shield apparatus comprising a shield base, a plurality of sides bordering the shield base for blocking EMI emitted from a portion of the periphery of the CRU frame, and a plurality of tabs connected to at least one of the plurality of sides for blocking EMI emitted from the corners of the periphery of the CRU frame when the plurality of sides are in a compressed condition.

Electronic equipment, such as a computing system, frequently emits undesirable electronic magnetic radiation, commonly referred to as electromagnetic interference (EMI). The ever increasing complexity of modern computer systems and information networks has made the ability to comply with EMI emission requirements more difficult. For example, increased higher operating frequencies have resulted in increased EMI emissions from computer systems. Additionally, higher frequency chips emit EMI at higher frequencies. The higher frequency EMI may emanate from an enclosure through smaller openings when compared to lower frequency EMI which was present in earlier computer systems. As a result, the emission of EMI through slots, apertures, and seams present in conventional EMI shielding is becoming increasingly problematic.
Regulations set forth by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) do not permit products to emit EMI above pre-defined thresholds. Thus, containment of EMI is required for a variety of computer components including data storage systems in order for such systems to be certified by the FCC. Typically, data storage enclosures have joints or seams where two or more parts are joined together. These joints are a major source of EMI emission for the data storage system, particularly in and around component corners, such as drive bay corners of hard disk drives (HDDs) and other memory units.
Several methods currently exist for EMI containment in data storage systems. One conventionally utilized method for EMI containment is the use of "spring" type clips made of beryllium copper or stainless steel affixed to the periphery of the CRU. An additional method is the use of metallic tape affixed to the seam or joint area. Moreover, metallic foam shield material has been installed in and along seams and joints in a "single strip" orientation to shield EMI.
Common disadvantages associated with the currently available methods for EMI containment entail increased part counts, increased costs, increased assembly labor rates, and increased quality concerns. In addition, many current EMI shielding designs are inferior for they utilize the drive bays in which data storage systems, such as HDDs reside, thereby complicating the drive bay geometry. Further, EMI shielding on the data storage systems still do not fully cover the system from EMI emissions, particularly in and around corners. Still further, secure installation of EMI shielding generally requires additional fasteners or adhesives to be applied, which makes reuse of the shielding difficult and/or time consuming.
Therefore, it would be desirable to provide an EMI shield that provides continuous EMI shielding (including in and around data storage system corners), utilizes few parts, installs independent of a drive bay, and is easily reusable, while allowing for EMI shielding in accordance with desired standards.