A system S is defined which is capable of simulating a computer (virtual computer, VC) for the purpose of software performance monitoring. The system is implemented as a set of software modules (SM) that can be exchanged to change the behavior of the VC. The VC is driven by a CPU emulator, and can run any operating system (virtual operating system, VOS) that is supported by the available SM's. The system is designed to log accesses to system resources and the nature of these accesses. The system is particularly useful for determining whether an executable or file contains an unknown virus, with a very low risk of false positives. Detected viruses include encrypted, polymorphic, metamorphic and other virus types.

The present invention relates generally to the field of computer virus detection and prevention software, and more particularly to emulator-based antivirus software in which a file is executed in a simulated computer in order to reveal possible damaging effects. The simulated computer described herein may also be used for other kinds of software testing.
Computer viruses typically work by making copies of themselves and in some manner attaching the copies to other executable programs. The copies can be exactly similar to the original, they can be encrypted with a small, static decryptor that unpacks the virus at runtime, or they can be polymorphic. Polymorphic viruses are either encrypted with a changing decryptor, or they are truly polymorphic in the sense that the code in the virus itself is shuffled around.
Computer worms also make copies of themselves, but they do not attach to other programs. Instead they attempt to spread, primarily by network connections, to other computers.
A trojan horse program does not make copies of itself, but instead attempts to perform some action of which the user on the particular machine would not approve. This can range from deleting files to disclosing sensitive information like passwords and user documents.
In the field of detecting computer viruses and other malicious software a limited amount of techniques have historically been used, including for example, stringscanning, checksum mapping, integrity checking, behavior blocking and heuristic analysis.
Stringscanning:
Perhaps the most well known detection technique is string-scanning, where the detecting program (hereafter called the antivirus program) searches inside a possibly infected executable program (hereafter called Ptest) for a sequence of bytes known to exist in a virus.
Ex:Clean DOS COM program:E8 06 00 B4 4C CD 21 CD 20 B4 09 . . .Infected DOS COM program:91 B4 4E BA 38 01 CD 21 73 01 C3 B8 02 3D 99 B2 . . .
In this case, it would be sufficient to look for the byte sequence in bold to be able to determine that Ptest was actually overwritten with a variant of the Trivial virus. This technique has proven very useful over the years and is still in use.
Checksum Mapping:
A variation on this technology is not to look for the specific sequence of bytes, but to instead use a checksumming algorithm (typically CRC) on the bytes in Ptest in order to verify whether the checksum or system of checksums found matches the checksums connected with a known virus. The benefit of this approach is that the search time can be significantly reduced, since the algorithms involved would typically be table lookups instead of sequential compare actions.
The two previous methods are pattern-matching methods to detect viruses that are already known. That means that the antivirus program knows what to look for in a file. A great challenge today, however, is to detect unknown viruses, worms and trojans. A few methods have been developed for this purpose as well:
Integrity Checking:
Integrity checking systems detect modification of files and systems after the modifications have taken place. This technique will detect possible detrimental effects, but not stop them.
Behaviour Blocking:
Behavior blocking systems monitor attempts to change files and systems at runtime. This method may stop damaging actions, but requires the target to be actually run, i.e. that the instructions in Ptest are executed on the real CPU. When running Ptest there is always a possibility that something can go wrong.
Heuristics:
An heuristic analysis-type antivirus program examines Ptest for indications as to whether an unknown computer virus may be present. The antivirus program can do this by using the classical pattern-matching algorithms to detect virus fragments or code that is often found in viruses (passive heuristics), or it can attempt to emulate Ptest and examine whether Ptest performs, or may perform, actions that can be damaging (active heuristics). The present invention in certain aspects is an extension to the latter category, active heuristics.

Simulated computer system for monitoring of software performance


Telephone use control apparatus in which a microcontroller controls the functions of the apparatus and in which the apparatus is provided with batteries to maintain power to the microcontroller and circuitry associated therewith when the the telephone is in operation, and means for providing power from the incoming telephone line to run the apparatus when the telephone is not in use. The incoming power from the telephone line is also usable to recharge the batteries. In addition, the case for the apparatus is made to mount the electrical components without the use of screws, and to permit the assembly of the various parts of the case, also without screws.

This invention relates to electronically operated telephone use control apparatus that can be added to an existing telephone.
Existing add-on telephone timing devices generally use a simple clock device to measure the duration of a telephone call. The clock device is normally off, and is turned on and off when and if the user remembers to do so.
Mechanical switches, such as that described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,473,718, are employed to time calls. These mechanical switches are switched from one state to another when the telephone handset is lifted out of, or replaced in, its cradle.
The prior art add-on timing devices are not part of the telephone, do not take their signals or cues from the telephone line, and depend on mechanical rather than electrical activation. They required batteries to deliver the power required to operate the device. Either expensive and cumbersome battery rechargers were required, along with expensive batteries, or the most expensive batteries were employed. In the latter case, battery life was relative short, and in the former case, a precious separate electrical outlet was taken for use by the timing device. The timing device was also subject to line voltage spikes and to damage in the absence of protective means in the recharging circuit or the device itself, another expensive element.


A grapple claw for attachment to a backhoe adapted to be interchangeable with a standard backhoe bucket. Grapple claw (10) includes a main frame member (50), a pivoting stop member (52) that engages the arm (30) and restricts the rotation of the frame (50) around the arm's distal end (35). Grapple claw (10) also includes at least a pair of opposing interlocking claws (54) and (56), respectively pivotally secured to the frame (50). In this regard, claw (54) pivots about fulcrum point (55) and claw (56) pivots about fulcrum point (57). A rotation imparting device (60) is pivotally connected between ram (45) and claws (54) and (56) for applying moments in opposite directions about fulcrum points (55) and (57) to effect the opening and closing of claws (54) and (56). Thus the opening and closing of claws (54) and (56) is accomplished by a single hydraulic ram is accomplished and the necessity for an auxiliary hydraulic circuit and associated ram is alleviated.

Backhoes are frequently utilized during the excavation of residential, small business and other types of work sites. As known in the art, backhoes typically are equipped with a hydraulically operated front end loader and a consisting typically of a bucket mounted on an arm that is mounted on an articulated boom. Four hydraulic actuators, or rams, provide for side-to-side pivoting of the boom, raising and lowering the boom, flexing and extending the arm in relation to the boom, and actuation of the bucket. As known in the art, it is frequently necessary to remove large tree trunks from the work site. This action requires the use of opposable claws, rather than the bucket typically found on the backhoe. Heretofore, an end effector mountable on the distal end of the arm required an additional hydraulic ram in order to provide actuation of the claws for the purpose of grasping the logs.
Typical of the art regarding end effectors and claw mechanisms are the following U.S. Patents: U.S. Pat. No. 5,544,435 issued to Somero on Aug. 13, 1996, discloses a brush rake for attachment to an arm equipped with a bucket. The Somero device is used in conjunction with the bucket and requires an additional hydraulic ram. U.S. Pat. No. 5,150,936 issued to Avery on Sep. 29, 1992, discloses a grapple assembly for attachment to a workhead. Avery's grapple is designed to be received by a shear that is actuated by two hydraulic rams. Finally, U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,223 issued to Maggio on Jul. 12, 1994, discloses an end grapple for use on loader tractors in nurseries to load and unload trees and shrubs onto and off of trucks. Maggio's pivotal fingers require the use of an hydraulic ram (64) in addition to the hydraulic ram (14) utilized to pivot the workhead with relation to the distal end of the arm. Other known patents include the following:
______________________________________ Inventor U.S. Pat. No. Date Issued ______________________________________ Wooley, jr. 5,033,785 Jul. 23, 1991 De Gier et al. 5,062,227 Nov. 5, 1991 Jacobsen et al. 5,172,951 Dec. 22, 1992 Lin 5,192,104 Mar. 9, 1993 Rogers, Sr. et al. 5,209,536 May 11, 1993 White 5,244,338 Sep. 14, 1993 Jacobsen et al. 5,328,224 Jul. 12, 1994 Gagne et al. 5,486,085 Jan. 23, 1996 Christensen 5,641,190 Jun. 24, 1997 ______________________________________
What is missing from the art is a claw grapple that can be readily interchanged with a typical bucket on a backhoe arm without requiring an additional hydraulic ram to actuate the claw mechanism.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a grapple having opposable claws that is adapted to be carried by the distal end of the arm on a backhoe.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a grapple claw in which the opposing claw members are actuated by the single hydraulic ram that actuates a typical backhoe bucket.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a grapple claw that is readily interchangeable with the bucket of a state of the art backhoe.
Other objects and advantages over the prior art will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description together with the drawings as described as follows.


A thermal printer of the type applying ink to an endless film belt, selectively melting the ink by a thermal head in response to an image signal, and transferring the melted ink to a recording medium to print an image on the medium. An idler guides the film belt while applying a predetermined tension thereto. A tension adjusting mechanism moves the end of the idler toward which the belt has skewed in the running direction of the belt. The idler and tension adjusting mechanism effectively reduce the local increase in the tension of the film belt.

The present invention relates to a thermal printer for printing image data on a paper or similar printing medium by thermal transfer. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with a thermal printer of the type applying hot melt ink, powdery toner or similar thermally meltable ink to an endless film belt being rotated, selectively melting the ink by a thermal head in response to a signal representative of image data, and transferring the melted ink to a recording medium to print the image data on the medium.
A thermal printer of the type described has a reservoir storing thermally meltable ink therein. The ink is liquefied by heat and supplied from the reservoir to the surface of a film belt via an inking member implemented as a drum. While the film belt is moved toward a thermal head, the ink deposited thereon is cooled and solidified. The thermal head melts the ink in response to an image signal sent from a control circuit, thereby transferring the ink from the film belt to a print paper or similar recording medium. This type of thermal printer has a problem in that while the transfer of the ink from the film belt to a print paper is repeated, the film belt is apt to skew due to the local error in the balance of the tension acting on the film belt. The local error is ascribable to various causes including the different degrees of parallelism of rollers constituting a belt drive mechanism, the different circumferential lengths of the rollers, and the slippage and mechanical stretch of the film belt.
To prevent the film belt from skewing, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 19247/1990 discloses a device including a sensor responsive to the skew of the film belt, a solenoid operated by the output signal of the sensor, and a correction roller to be moved by the solenoid. However, this kind of implementation is not practicable without resorting not only to the sensor, solenoid and other mechanically movable parts but also to electric circuitry for driving them, complicating the construction and increasing the cost of the printer.


Provided are a vesicular adaptor and a single-chain cyclic library constructed by using the adaptor. The library can be used for RNA sequencing and other sequencing platforms dependent on a single-stranded cyclic library, and has the advantage of high throughput sequencing, high accuracy and simple operations.

The second-generation sequencing technology, also known as Next-generation sequencing technology, is named with respect to the first-generation sequencing technology which is represented by the Sanger sequencing method. The second-generation sequencing technology is represented by Roche/454 Pyrosequencing, Illumina/Solexa polymerase synthesis sequencing and ABI/SOLiD ligase sequencing, and their common characteristic is high sequencing throughput. Compared with these mainstream sequencing platforms, the Complete Genomics (CG) sequencing platform with the highest throughput may produce 9.9 TB of data in each run, and its output may reach 50 Gb per hour, which is 10-25 times that of the mainstream sequencing platforms. With respect to read length for haploidy, among the mainstream sequencing platforms, only the Illumina sequencer may achieve a read length of 8-10 kb for haploidy, while the CG sequencer may reach a read length greater than 99 kb. In addition, the CG sequencer may achieve accuracy up to 99.999%, better than other commercial sequencers. Thus, compared with the mainstream sequencing platforms, the CG sequencing platform has unique advantages.
In the process of constructing a nucleic acid sequencing library, it is generally necessary to introduce an adaptor with a known sequence for sequencing. However, it has been reported that when an adaptor is ligated for library construction in known way that not only ligating efficiency is not high enough, but also many by-products at low level arise. In addition, as the CG sequencing platform adopts a cyclic single-stranded library for sequencing, linear double-stranded libraries constructed for the mainstream sequencing platforms are thus not suitable for the CG sequencers. However, as to the method for constructing the cyclic single-stranded library for nucleic acid sequencing, there has been no literature reported so far.
Based on above situation, an adaptor with high ligating efficiency and accuracy is urgently required to be developed in the related art.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Vesicular adaptor and uses thereof in nucleic acid library construction and sequencing


A fifth wheel mounting frame can be used to convert a conventional vehicle having a fifth wheel, such as the semi-tractor, into a tow truck. The fifth wheel mounting frame advantageously mounts to the tow vehicle's fifth wheel assembly to provide stability and other advantages. Additionally, various coupling members having selectably adjustable lengths and having various coupling mechanisms are used for variable placement of the coupling mechanisms and coupling members to the frame of the fifth wheel vehicle to accommodate such things as obstructions found on the vehicle frame.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed generally to mounting frames and, more particularly, to a universal mounting frame for towing.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventional tow trucks are designed to lift and tow a vehicle (e.g., an automobile) in a known manner. The disadvantage of a conventional tow truck is that it is specialized only for towing vehicles. Instead of tow trucks, specialized vehicles, such as a tractor trailer, are used to pull trailers for purposes such as transport of goods and other items. These specialized vehicles have a device known as a "fifth wheel" to permit coupling to a trailer in a conventional fashion. The trailer is equipped with a kingpin that mates with the fifth wheel. In normal operation, a significant downward force is applied to the fifth wheel by the weight of the trailer under tow and the contents, if any, of the trailer.
Past attempts have been made to provide a towing vehicle that is capable of operation as a normal tow truck (i.e., lifting and towing a vehicle) as well as operation with a fifth wheel. Such devices are disclosed by way of example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,823,735 and 6,036,428. In those references, a towing adapter is attached to the fifth wheel mounting plate of the tow vehicle. That is, an adapter is mounted on the tow vehicle and coupled to the tow vehicle's fifth wheel to permit the tow vehicle to operate as a conventional tow truck. This technique allows the tow vehicle to be used both for conventional towing and for towing a trailer via the fifth wheel.
The disadvantage of this technique is that the towing adapter allows an upward force to be applied to the fifth wheel. As previously noted, the fifth wheel is designed for operation with a trailer wherein the trailer applies a significant downward force to the fifth wheel. The fifth wheel is typically designed to accommodate this downward force and retain the trailer kingpin within the fifth wheel. However, when a towing adaptor is mounted to the tow vehicle via the fifth wheel, upward forces are applied to the fifth wheel. This is particularly true when the tow vehicle attaches to and lifts a vehicle under tow (e.g., an automobile). The weight of the vehicle under tow applies a significant downward force to the back of the towing adapter, which rests on the rear of the frame of the trailer. This downward force is applied through a moment arm to a pivot point in the towing adapter and translated to an upward force at the fifth wheel. The translation of these forces is similar to the forces applied to a teeter-totter where a downward force applied to one end of the teeter-totter is translated into an upward force at the opposite end of the pivot arm.
The fifth wheel is designed for operation with a trailer that exerts a downward force on the fifth wheel, but is not designed to accommodate such upward forces. The result is an undesirable upward force applied by the kingpin to the fifth wheel plate. To prevent such upward force, the device disclosed in the aforementioned patents includes a pair of link members coupled between the towing frame and the vehicle frame to resist upward force of the kingpin with respect to the fifth wheel plate.
The same approach is taken in a towing adapter widely sold by the Ernest Holmes Company, which manufactured a towing adapter mounted to the tow vehicle via the fifth wheel. In devices sold by Holmes, ratchet binders or chains and load binders are coupled between the tow frame and the frame of the tow vehicle to resist upward force of the kingpin at the fifth wheel plate.
Unfortunately, these conventional approaches involve expensive and lengthy assembly and potential risk of significant instability of the coupling between the kingpin and the fifth wheel unless extra steps are taken to mount link arms or ratchet binders to resist the upward force applied by the kingpin to the fifth wheel plate.


A password generator for use with a detector and a verifier in an encapsulated system is provided, as is a system for generating and verifying passwords. The password generator comprises a support, a sensor for detecting a signal from the detector, a data transmitter for transmitting binary data as pulses, a processor that is initialized by the verifier and that controls the data to be sent, a controller for activating the processor and a connector to releasably connect the password generator with the verifier. The system employs a mouse as the detector.

Access codes or passwords are needed for many applications, ranging from bank transactions, to accessing computers, to making transactions over the web. Many of these codes are housed in "smart cards". There is a serious concern that the codes are not secure. As a result, many approaches have been taken to increase transactions security.
One approach to increasing access security is to generate a one-time password (OTP). In U.S. Patent Application No. 20060242698, a number is provided through a visual and/or audio display on the card to output the OTP to the user. The end user inputs the OTP to access the system on-line, telephonically or otherwise. Existing algorithms are used to generate the numbers. This approach can be inconvenient for users as they have to read or listen to the number and key it in accurately. Anyone can read or listen and copy the number.
In another approach, the user creates a two-factor password whenever the user logs on. The first factor is the user's personal identification number (PIN), which the user enters as the first part of the password. The user obtains the second factor from an electronic token, which displays a 6-digit number. The token is time-synchronized with the authentication server, and the number displayed on the token changes every minute. The user enters the 6-digit number displayed on the token as the second part of the password. This two-factor password improves the security, however, it suffers the same deficiencies as the single OTP.
U.S. patent application No. 20040031856 overcomes some of the deficiencies in the prior art by utilizing sound waves to transmit data between an electronic card and a computing device equipped with a sound card. This, when used as a multifactor authentication system permits data transmission, detection and decoding without a special reader and without human input. Security can be assured by storing identical sets of random numbers both on a memory unit in the card, and on the authentication server. However, this system can be subject to interference because it is an "open system." Sound waves can easily be intercepted and sabotaged without needing any physical presence in the room.
There remains a need for a simple, secure authentication system. It is an object of the present technology to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

Password generator, system and use thereof

University of Victoria Innovation and Development Corporation


A machining apparatus error correction method is implemented in a machining apparatus error correction system. The method includes setting initial operating parameters according to a predetermined machining program, obtaining dimensional detection data during machining of a product, calculating a dimensional correction parameter according to the detection data and a dimensional inspection standard according to a predetermined correction model and generating a correction parameter file readable by the machining apparatus, and distributing the correction parameter file to the corresponding machining apparatus. The initial operating parameters include clamping parameters and dimensional inspection standards.

Generally, production workshops use computer numerical control (CNC) equipment for machining parts into semi-finished or finished products. CNC is a program-controlled automatic machine tool that logically processes control codes or other symbols to perform prescribed actions. In the related art, the CNC equipment is only adjusted manually by a technician when a failure rate of inspection of the product reaches a certain range, or the CNC equipment is manually adjusted by the technician according to a predetermined adjustment schedule. However, technicians are required to perform adjustment operations on the CNC equipment according to an inspection status of the product, which consumes human resources and cannot achieve the realization of an intelligent factory under the current Internet of Things system.

Machining apparatus error correction system and method using safe, correction and alarm intervals

HONGFUJIN PRECISION ELECTRONICS (CHENGDU) Co., Ltd.


A door safety device is disclosed. The door safety device includes a lock member, an attachment member carried by the lock member and an attachment device carried by the attachment member. A method of securing a sliding door in a closed position in a sliding door assembly is also disclosed.

Sliding glass doors are often installed in homes to separate a patio or balcony, for example, from the interior of the home. A conventional sliding glass door has a fixed window pane and a sliding glass door which is slidably mounted in a track. The sliding glass door can be selectively closed by sliding the door to a position adjacent to the fixed window pane and opened by sliding the door to a position in front of the fixed window pane. When in the closed position, the door may be locked using a conventional locking mechanism and additionally secured by inserting a shortened broom stick, for example, between the edge of the door and the facing in which the fixed window pane is mounted. Persons must typically bend over to insert the stick in place in order to secure the door in a closed position or remove the stick in order to facilitate opening of the door. This may be difficult for persons who suffer from back problems or for the elderly, for example.


A system and method for registering the temperature of a person, wherein a textile product, intended to abut against the person during use, is provided with a number of temperature sensors and a registration unit for registering measurement values from the sensors. The system may be used for monitoring the state of a person, wherein a predetermined threshold condition is monitored, and an alarm signal is emitted to activate an alarm unit when the condition is fulfilled. The system may also be used for controlling physical characteristics of a foundation, such as temperature and/or hardness, based on the state of a person being present thereon.

In certain cases, it is necessary to detect the temperature of a person, in particular changes of temperature. For example, a bedridden person having a fever should be watched in order to take actions if the temperature of the person becomes too high, i.e. exceeds a certain threshold value. For example, anxious parents feel the need to "take the temperature" frequently on their ill small children when having a fever, to find out how the illness develops. In reverse, it is desirable to monitor whether the temperature of a person suffering from hypothermia falls below a certain threshold value. Further, it may be of interest to detect and analyse the variations in temperature of a person during a period of time. For example, such information may be used to make a diagnosis of a patient, or estimate the sleep quality or general state of a person, whether he/she is ill or well.
Temperature monitoring is typically performed by applying one or more thermometers, or temperature sensors generally, at the person in question, typically using a wired connection to some separate registering unit, for automatic registration and possibly processing and analysis of measurement values from the thermometer. Of course, such a solution will result in some degree of inconvenience to the person carrying such a thermometer at or inside the body, as well as the risk that the thermometer comes off or for some reason does not work properly. Alternatively, the temperature is manually measured at frequent instances, which is labour-intensive, however, in particular when the person must be monitored continuously. Thus, it is a problem to be able to register the temperature of a person, using a minimum of labour, in a reliable way and without bothering the person.
Another area of interest is the comfort for lying or sitting persons. For example, it is a problem to maintain just the right temperature which is comfortable for a person lying in a bed or the like. Lying injuries or bedsores may also occur on persons who for some reason remain bedridden and relatively motionless during long periods of time due to, e.g., physical injury, disease, disablement or high age. Further, it may generally be uncomfortable to lie or sit down for long periods, particularly in the same position, often resulting in stiffness and numbness. Hence, there is a need to be able to control the temperature and also further characteristics in a bed or seat where a person is present, in order to provide a high convenience and to avoid discomfort and injuries.

System and method for registering the temperature of a person


A system for efficiently developing an LSI. A developing system includes a developing apparatus and a support center, which are connected to each other via the Internet. The host computer of the developing apparatus designs the software of a system LSI in accordance with a user's instruction. An emulator debugger sends design data to the support center. The support center performs a predetermined process on the received design data and notifies the processing result to a host computer via the Internet.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and system for developing LSIs.
In recent years, a system semiconductor integrated circuit (LSI) that achieves the function of a system level on a single chip has been developed. When developing a system LSI, various types of data are transferred between a user who develops and designs the system LSI, and a maker who manufactures the system LSI based on the user's design data (e.g., ROM data of a microcomputer). To improve the developing efficiency, it is desired that the data be quickly transferred between the user and the maker.
The design data generated by the user (designer) includes ROM data (firmware), which is stored in a non-volatile memory, such as a mask ROM or a flash memory, that is connected to a system LSI, and circuit data, such as that of a programmable logic array (PLA). The design data is stored in a medium such as a flexible disk organ EPROM. The designer either sends the medium to the system LSI maker by mail or by e-mail. The LSI maker manufactures the system LSI based on the design data recorded on the received medium and sends the system LSI to the user.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating the flow for processing a prior art LSI.
A developing apparatus 91 performs steps S101, S102, and S108. In step S101, the developing apparatus 91 performs the setting of the environment, such as setting tools (e.g., a compiler or a debugger) prior to the developing of a system LSI. In step S102, the developing apparatus 91 designs and develops an LSI in the set environment. In step S103, the design data of the LSI is sent to the LSI maker by mail or e-mail.
In step S104, a support center 92 of the LSI maker receives the design data. In step S105, the support center 92 generates data for manufacturing the LSI from the design data. In step S106, the LSI is manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing data in a manufacturing plant. The manufacturing plant sends a sample of the LSI to the user.
In step S107, the user conducts function tests on the LSI sample with a tester (not shown). If the results of the function tests indicate a problem (NG), the design data is corrected in step S108. If there are no problems with the results of the function tests (OK), the developing is completed.
To record the ROM data of the system LSI that is designed by the user on a medium, such as an EPROM, address conversion must be performed.
FIG. 2 shows an example of the address conversion.
It is assumed here that the memory of the system LSI that is being developed includes the address spaces of 00000000h to 00xxFFFFh. Among these address spaces, ROM data is stored in the areas of 00080000h to 0008FFFFh. When recording the ROM data in an EPROM, the memory addresses (00080000h to 0008FFFFh) of the ROM data must be converted to an EPROM addresses (00000000h to 0000FFFFh). This is because the address of the system LSI used by a CPU to read the ROM data differs from the address of the ROM data stored in the EPROM.
Such address conversion must be performed in accordance with the memory map and specification of the system LSI that is being developed and in accordance with a format used by the LSI maker to receive the ROM data. Thus, the conversion is burdensome and increases the possibility of errors occurring when converting addresses. It is also burdensome for the LSI maker to check the received data and perform address conversion on the received data. This makes it difficult to shorten the delivery of the system LSI.
Further, the transmission of the ROM data by e-mail may result in security problems, such as leakage or loss of the ROM data when the wrong data is attached to an e-mail and erroneously transmitted.
In the prior art developing environment, it is difficult for the LSI maker to acknowledge the specific details of the system LSI (i.e., the used resources and commands). Thus, it is difficult for the LSI maker to provide thorough customer support.


An oscillator (200, 300, 350) comprises a tank circuit (100), a first transistor (M1c) and a second transistor (M1r), and the second transistor (M1r) occupies an area of silicon that is smaller than an area of silicon occupied by the first transistor (M1c). A switching apparatus (Sw1 . . . Sw14) selects either one of a first oscillator topology and a second oscillator topology, where in the first oscillator topology, the tank circuit (100) is coupled to the first transistor (M1c) in a first feedback configuration to provide feedback around the first transistor (M1c), and in the second oscillator topology, the tank circuit (100) is coupled to the second transistor (M1r) in a second feedback configuration that is different to the first feedback configuration to provide feedback around the second transistor (M1r).

Modern wireless devices require some clock reference signals to operate radio communications, broadcast frequency modulation (FM) radio reception, satellite localisation, digital processing or real time tracking. These clocks may have various noise requirements. Cellular communications, for example, will require high-quality, low-noise, high-frequency clocks, typically a few tens of megahertz, whereas real-time or FM radio applications can use low quality and lower frequency clocks, typically a few tens of kHz. Low-noise clocks are power-consumption hungry but are only needed a small portion of the time, whereas low-quality clocks consume much less power but are operated during longer periods of time.
As many modern wireless devices are battery operated, the clock systems enclosed within them should be capable of switching between different operating modes to avoid increasing power consumption, while fulfilling their quality and range of frequencies requirements.
For other devices powered by the mains, the power consumption criteria still remain of importance for environmental reasons, since modern homes use more and more communication devices which are in stand-by mode most of the time. Those communication devices are, for example, Ethernet mains plug-ins, cable-based Ethernet interfaces, television displays and computers and in the near future all kinds of domestic appliances such as washing machines or microwave ovens.
According to a first prior art, two different crystals working at two different frequencies, for example at 32 kHz and at 26 MHz, are used for clock signal generation. One drawback of this first prior art is an increased number of components, and an increased number of pins on an integrated circuit. Another drawback of this first prior art is the requirement to design two oscillators in order to accommodate the two very different frequencies.
According to a second prior art, one single crystal at the highest frequency is used and a divider is added for the stand-by mode. The load capacitance of the crystal and the current biasing of the core oscillator are decreased in order to reduce the power consumption. One drawback of this second prior art is the difficulty to optimize the oscillator to alternatively reach two different and opposite goals, that is to say low noise on the one side and low power on the other side, since the same architecture is used in both cases. In particular, the active part of the oscillator, that is to say notably the transistors making up the amplifier that builds up and sustains the oscillation, is the same, which will lead to oversized transistors for the low power mode.
According to a third prior art, for example described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,005,933, an oscillator can work in two different power modes using respectively two different current sources but with the same architecture. Here again, it is difficult to optimize both modes. Besides, oscillation is made with the help of capacitances and inductances, but there is no crystal.
An object of the present disclosure is to provide an improved oscillator and method of operating an oscillator. In particular, an object of the present disclosure is to alleviate at least partly some of the above-mentioned drawbacks.


A dryer for removing excess water from veneer panels or from gypsum boards includes a plurality of hollow subassemblies positioned end to end. Each subassembly includes opposed vertical walls, and an access opening is formed in each wall. Along the vertical edges of each access opening, a respective frame is attached to the subassembly. A door is slidably engaged with each frame, and each door can be raised above the subassembly by a counterweighted lifting system to expose the access opening and, hence, the interior of the subassembly. A door seal is positioned between each door and its frame, and when the door is lowered to cover the access opening, a latch mechanism can be operated to urge the door against the door seal and thereby sealingly block the access opening.

Gypsum board that is used as wall board in the construction of buildings is made by depositing a water-based gypsum slurry onto a substrate, allowing the slurry to harden into panels, and then removing excess water from the panels by conveying the panels through a large industrial dryer. Likewise, wood veneer panels are conveyed through large industrial dryers to remove excess moisture from the veneer panels, prior to laminating the veneer panels together to form plywood.
Ordinarily, the industrial dryers used in the manufacturing of wallboard and plywood are lengthy, in some cases greater than fifty yards long. Because it would be somewhat impractical to make a single structure that is over fifty yards long, most dryers are usually assembled on site by connecting several hollow sub-assemblies end-to-end.
It happens that it is frequently necessary to access the interior of an industrial dryer to remove debris and to otherwise clean the interior. Accordingly, access doors are provided in the side walls of each subassembly, so that a person can open the door to a subassembly and enter and clean that particular subassembly. In existing dryers, each door is hinged about one of its vertical edges, to permit moving the door away from the wall of the dryer and thereby expose the interior of the associated subassembly.
The present invention recognizes that existing dryer doors have several drawbacks. One drawback is that because the hinge of each door must support the entire weight of the door when the door is open, the weight (and, hence, the size) of a subassembly door is limited. In turn, the size of the access opening through which a person can enter the subassembly is limited, effectively limiting the size of the subassembly itself. Indeed, in light of the requirement to avoid excessive pre-loading of the door hinges, the size of most dryer subassembly doors must be limited. Consequently, it is difficult and cumbersome to clean the interior of a subassembly, because it is difficult to maneuver cleaning equipment through the relatively confined access opening.
The present invention moreover recognizes that when the doors of adjacent subassemblies are both open, they can undesirably interfere with each other. For this reason, it may be difficult at best to clean two adjacent subassemblies at once. This is undesirable because it is advantageous to minimize the maintenance period of the dryer and thereby maximize the operating period of the dryer. Additionally, when a dryer door is pivoted outwardly to its open position, it undesirably impedes not only adjacent dryer doors, but the walking space next to the dryer as well.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a door for a dryer subassembly that does not pivot on a vertical hinge. Another object of the present invention is to provide a door for a dryer subassembly that does not impede the opening of the doors of adjacent subassemblies. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a door for a dryer subassembly that does not impede the walkway next to the dryer. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a door for a dryer subassembly which is easy to use and cost-effective.

Vertical lift door for gypsum board dryer or veneer dryer

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A circuit and method efficiently powers a static storage element during a low voltage mode of operation. The static storage element is powered at a first voltage level in an active mode of the static storage element. The static storage element is powered in a low power mode using alternating first and second phases. Powering the static storage element during the first phases in the low power mode includes powering the static storage element at or below a second voltage level, wherein powering the static storage element during the second phases in the low power mode includes powering the static storage element at a higher voltage level than the second voltage level. In another form two modes of low power operation are used where a first mode uses a less power efficient operation than the second mode, but both are more power efficient than a normal power mode.

Memory circuits are commonly found in many electronic devices and must obtain a continuous supply of power to retain data. Such memories are often used within battery-powered wireless products where power consumption is one of the most important design considerations. Others have implemented battery-powered wireless products with memory circuits that transition from an active mode to a sleep mode operation that consumes less power. However, as transistor dimensions shrink, the transistor current leakage increases proportionately. Transistor current leakage results from a sum of sub-threshold leakage current, gate leakage and diode leakage current. The transistor current leakage requires memories to be powered when in the sleep mode operation. To reduce current leakage during a sleep mode of operation the supply voltage may be lowered. Alternatively, the ground or low voltage may be increased to reduce the voltage differential between the high voltage terminal and the low voltage terminal. However, sufficiently lowering the high voltage or increasing the ground reference may result in an increase in diode current that becomes significant relative to savings in the gate current and the sub-threshold current. As devices are made smaller, heavier doping is required to control short channel effects. The heavier doping that is found in smaller semiconductor devices limits sub-threshold current with scaling but increases a transistor's diode leakage. The diode leakage can result in a loss of data in a low power or sleep mode of operation.
Skilled artisans appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of embodiments of the present invention.

Storage circuit with efficient sleep mode and method


A process and apparatus (26) for quenching a heated glass sheet by directing modulated cryogenic flows (36) that is initially completely liquid (42) toward the oppositely facing surfaces (38) of the glass sheet to quench the glass sheet. The modulated cryogenic flows (36) can be started and fully stopped to provide flow pulses and can also be continuous and have periodic increased flow pulses.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,772,717 Kirschner et al. discloses a tempering method using a two phase flow of cryogen for spraying surface layers of an article, such as a glass sheet, with a two phase flow of coolant consisting essentially of a liquid and a vapor. This spraying of the coolant on the surface layers is disclosed as being done so the liquid does not accumulate on the surface layers as a film.
References cited in the above referenced Kirschner et al. patent include U.S. patents: U.S. Pat. No. 2,026,165 Goodwillie; U.S. Pat. No. 2,259,727 Bowers; U.S. Pat. No. 3,701,266 Chhisholm; U.S. Pat. No. 3,762,902 Wagner et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 3,775,087 Ritter, Jr.; U.S. Pat. No. 3,869,876 Gardent et al.; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,018,590 Imler as well as a publication entitled INTRODUCTION TO CERAMICS by Kingery et al., pp. 830-831, 1976. Additional references cited in a search report for a corresponding European application include United States patents: U.S. Pat. No. 3,801,397 Casserley; U.S. Pat. No. 3,883,339 Michalik; U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,442 Neely; U.S. Pat. No. 4,190,473 Soecknick; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,578,102 Colmon; and French patent document 2,650,997.

Process for modulated cryogenic quenching of glass sheets


Systems and methods for generating a reference voltage are disclosed. In one embodiment, an output voltage is generated that is the sum of a desirable reference voltage component and an undesirable voltage component. An additional voltage component that tends to be equal and opposite in sign to the undesirable voltage component is added to the output voltage, the additional voltage component thereby tending to cancel the undesirable voltage component.

A. Field of the Invention
The invention relates generally to reference voltage generators. More particularly, the invention relates to reference voltage generators that generate a conditions-insensitive reference voltage.
B. Description of the Related Art
Reference voltages are used in a wide variety of digital, analog, and mixed-signal circuits. Examples of circuits using reference voltages include analog-to-digital converters, digital-to-analog converters, and phase-locked loops. Analog-to-digital converters, for example, may use such reference voltages to accurately determine the magnitude of the analog input voltage—by comparing the input voltage to a well-known reference voltage—before converting the analog voltage to a digital signal.
The Brokaw cell is a popular reference voltage circuit that is widely used in many integrated circuits. The Brokaw cell requires a relatively high supply voltage, which limits the cell's application in today's advanced integrated circuits that operate with relatively low voltage power supplies. Many of today's advanced integrated circuits require relatively low voltage supplies to achieve lower power consumption and to generate less heat, among other things. Examples of devices requiring such low voltage supplies include mobile phones, personal data assistants, digital cameras, and other small, battery-operated devices. Alternative circuits to the Brokaw cell were developed that could operate with lower power supply voltages. While accomplishing lower supply voltage operation, however, these circuits generate reference voltages that include components that depend on the base currents of bipolar transistors used in the circuit.
For typical bipolar transistors having a large β value—the ratio of collector to base current—the additional term is small compared to other currents in the circuit. In many integrated circuits, reference voltage circuits are formed using parasitic bipolar transistors that have a relatively low β value. Thus, the base current term can affect the sensitivity of the reference voltage as the base current may vary with temperature, power supply, and load variations, for example.

System and method for generating a reference voltage


An apparatus for indicating lines along which cuts are to be made on a pipe has a clamp for attaching to the pipe. A longitudinal guide is fixedly attached to the clamp and a first bracket is slideably releasably coupled to the longitudinal guide at one of a plurality of locations. A pivot arm pivotally coupled to the first bracket and has a second bracket slideably coupled thereto at one of a plurality of positions. A laser attached to the second bracket projects a beam of light onto a surface of the pipe. A the pivot arm is rotated with respect to the first bracket the laser beam traces a line on the pipe along which a cut should be made. A marker is used to mark the line traced by the laser beam.

The present invention relates to devices for marking pipe with lines along which cuts are to be made.
Concrete sewer pipe usually is pre-cast in fixed lengths of straight pipe. If a particular installation requires a T-fitting for a sewer lateral or a junction for a vertical riser of a manhole, a first piece of pre-cast pipe is cut with an opening to accommodate the lateral or riser. Another piece of pipe corresponding to the size of the lateral or riser is placed into the opening. The reinforcing wire mesh, commonly called a cage, within each piece of pipe is exposed and welded together at the opening. Then concrete is used to patch the junction between the two pieces of concrete pipe to form a monolithic structure.
One of the problems encountered in this technique is cutting the hole of the proper size and shape to accommodate the lateral or riser pipe. Although this latter piece of pipe has a round cross-section, a non-circular hole must be cut in the first piece of pipe because of that pipe's curved surface. Because the dimensions of this hole heretofore could not be determined with accuracy, fabricators previously cut a much larger hole than was necessary thereby requiring a significant amount of patching to join the two pieces of pipe.
Similar rough approximation techniques are employed to produce angled sections of pipe and "wye" connections.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a tool which will accurately mark an eclipse of the proper size to accommodate the lateral or riser piece of pipe.

Apparatus and method for marking cut lines on pipe to form a variety of pipe fittings and bends


A power transmission apparatus for an electric vehicle having a motor as a power source may include: first and second input shafts coaxially disposed with a motor shaft of the motor and selectively connected to the motor shaft; an output shaft disposed in parallel with the first and second input shafts; and a planetary gear set disposed on the output shaft and including: a rotation element fixedly connected to the output shaft, and two rotation elements receiving torques from the first and second input shafts through respective external gear sets.

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
An environmentally-friendly technology of a vehicle is a core technology which controls survival of a future automobile industry, and advanced car makers have focused their energy on the development of an environmentally-friendly vehicle to achieve environmental and fuel efficiency regulations.
In order to improve energy efficiency and driving convenience, various types of vehicles have been developed, such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) that utilizes electrical energy, or a vehicle having a double clutch transmission (DCT).
The electric vehicle (EV) has been mass-produced mainly in light vehicles or small-sized passenger vehicles, but recently, as conventional internal combustion engine vehicles face strict regulations to promote environmental-friendly vehicles, large-sized passenger vehicles and sports utility vehicles (SUV) more implement electric vehicle (EV) mechanisms.
In order to cope with this trend, a multi-speed transmission is desired for large-sized and/or heavy vehicles to improve launch and/or slope-climbing performance (i.e., low speed performance) and maximum speed (i.e., high speed performance), and thus research and development for efficient transmission mechanism has been conducted to improve those performances and for better installation.
We have discovered that a typical multi-speed transmission for an internal combustion engine may have drawbacks that pinion gears included in the planetary gear set may rotate at an excessive speed when the motor speed becomes high, and thus an appropriate scheme of a multi-speed transmission for an electric vehicle is recommended.
The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Power transmission apparatus for electric vehicle


A three phase receptacle tester including a housing, an electrical connection and a coupling assembly. The housing includes an outer surface, an opening and an inner cavity, wherein the opening provides access to the inner cavity. The electrical connection assembly having a body, condition indicators and a coupling assembly. The body having an outward surface, an inward surface and a periphery. The periphery of the body matingly engaging the opening of the housing, so as to preclude access to the inner cavity. One prong extends from the outward surface of the body for each phase and one prong extends from the outward surface of the body corresponding to a ground/common. Each of the prongs spaced radially outward from a central axis. Each of the phase prongs electrically connected with the ground/common prong and the condition indicator positioned therebetween. The condition indicator identifies at least one of current flow between a respective phase prong and the ground/common prong. The coupling assembly couples the electrical connection assembly to the housing.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates in general to a testing device, and more particularly to an electrical receptacle tester for testing three-phase electrical receptacles. Such receptacles comprise a total of 480V over three separate phases that are shifted relative to each other.
2. Background Art
The use of testing equipment to determine the condition of different electrical receptacles is known in the art. Among other uncovered patents, we have uncovered U.S. Pat. No. 2,449,150 issued to Schnoll; U.S. Pat. No. 2,598,775 issued to Fischer; U.S. Pat. No. 3,317,825 issued to Huff; U.S. Pat. No. 3,579,100 issued to Lauver; U.S. Pat. No. 3,383,588 issued to Stoll et al; U.S. Pat. No. 3,783,371 issued to McMillan; U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,843 issued to Yonce; U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,844 issued to Prugh; U.S. Pat. No. 3,904,958 issued to Gartland, Jr et al; U.S. Pat. No. 3,922,600 issued to Roveti; U.S. Pat. No. 3,967,195 issued to Averitt et al; U.S. Pat. No. 3,984,765 issued to Rocci, Jr; U.S. Pat. No. 4,015,201 issued to Chaffee; U.S. Pat. No. 4,791,376 issued to Freedman et al; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,054,849 issued to Collier et al. While the foregoing references discuss the use of various testing equipment, such testers are generally configured for use in association with single phase current, such as household standard 110 v receptacles.
With higher voltages, and in particular voltages of multiple phase, typically, separate wires having alligator clips attached thereto are individually clipped to the various components. Such products are offered by Ideal, Fluke and Extech Instruments. Among other drawbacks, there are safety concerns associated with the individual application of leads to various regions. Furthermore, the use of the clips further lead to operator error.
Thus, it is an object of the invention to provide for a receptacle tester which is capable of testing three phase receptacles.
It is another object of the invention to provide for a receptacle tester wherein the leads of the various phases are coupled simultaneously so as to limit inadvertent problems that may arise through incorrect coupling.
These and other objects of the present invention will become apparent in light of the present specification, claims, and drawings.

Three-phase electrical receptacle tester


A method is provided for fabricating metal matrix composites. Optical or reinforcing fibers, which may be in the form of monofilaments, mats, or tow, are consolidated into a metal matrix alloy. Grooves may be provided in the metal matrix material for holding and positioning the fibers. A transient liquid diffusion bonding agent in the form of a powder may be blended with powdered filler material, such as powdered matrix material, to provide a vehicle for consolidating the fibers into the metal matrix. The fibers and the blended powder are placed between layers of the metal matrix material and the whole structure is heated under minimal pressure to liquefy the bonding agent. The liquid bonding agent wets each fiber and interdiffuses with the matrix material, resulting in rapid isothermal solidification of the alloy and consolidation of the fibers in the matrix.

Composite materials can be designed with properties, such as toughness, high strength, and low weight, that are useful in many applications where homogeneous materials are less effective or inadequate. For example, fiber reinforced materials, a broad class of composites, typically comprise fibers of a material, such as glass or ceramic, that are embedded in a matrix material, such as plastic or metal, to improve the strength of the matrix material. Fabrication of such reinforced materials can often be difficult, however, because of physical incompatibilities between the fibers and the matrix material.
One method of fabricating multiple ply, continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites is the so-called foil/fiber/foil process. In this process, reinforcing fibers are sandwiched between layers of a metal foil. Pressure and heat are then applied to the layered structure for solid state consolidation of the fibers into the metal structure.
The basic foil/fiber/foil process, although adequate for consolidation of large diameter fibers in relatively soft metal matrices, has proven unsatisfactory for consolidation of small diameter, brittle fibers, especially in the form of tow, in relatively hard matrix alloys. For example, at the high temperatures, pressures, and exposure times required for consolidation with creep-resistant alloys or other matrix materials that resist diffusion bonding, the reinforcing fibers receive excessive chemical and mechanical damage during the process without becoming fully consolidated within the matrix. Thus, there is a need for new and effective methods of forming metal matrix composites with fully consolidated fibers.

Synthesis of metal matrix composites by transient liquid consolidation


A monitoring system for monitoring the conditions of a band circulating in a paper-making machine, comprises a guide extending substantially along an axis; and a monitoring apparatus movable along the guide and comprising at least one measuring device configured to measure at least one parameter indicative of the conditions of the band; the apparatus is a self-propelled motorized apparatus, provided with a motor and at least one driving member operated by the motor and which engages at least one corresponding surface of the guide to move the apparatus along the guide.

As is known, in traditional paper-making machines the paper material in formation is transported on belts commonly known as bands, circulating on closed loop paths.
Each section of the machine generally has a specific kind of band.
To obtain good quality paper it is important to monitor not only the conditions of the paper material in formation but also the conditions of the bands in the various sections. The conditions of the band in fact, especially in relation to water absorption, water transport and water permeability, influence the quality of the sheet of paper in formation.
Various systems and appliances are known for monitoring the conditions of a band circulating in a papermaking machine and configured to measure various parameters indicative of the conditions of the band such as humidity, permeability, presence of contaminants, tension, etc.
Mobile appliances are in particular, known, moved manually by an operator and brought into the working position (near the band or in contact with it) as needed to make the necessary measurements; and fixed appliances, placed in predetermined positions along the path of the band.
It is particularly useful to measure the operating conditions of a band all along its width: it is therefore necessary to scan along directions transverse to the feed direction of the band.
The manual movement of a monitoring device does not allow such measurements to be performed in a repeatable manner and, above all, does not ensure the safety of the operators.
It is therefore known to install a monitoring device on a bridge transverse to the feed direction of the band; the apparatus is moved along the bridge by a drive system.
Systems of this type however leave room for improvement, particularly in terms of constructive and operating simplicity, reliability and efficiency.

Monitoring system for monitoring the conditions of a band circulating in a papermaking machine


According to various embodiments, an electronic device comprises: a first plate; a second plate facing the opposite direction of the first plate; a housing including a lateral member for encompassing the space between the first plate and the second plate; and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure includes: a plurality of insulating layers arranged in a stacked manner so as to be parallel to the first plate; a loop antenna array formed by the insulating layers and/or by the peripheries of the insulating layers; and a wireless communication circuit electrically connected to loop antennas, and configured to transmit and receive a first signal having a first frequency of a range of 3 GHz to 100 GHz.

With the development of wireless communication technologies, electronic devices (e.g., electronic devices for communication) are universally used in daily life, and thus use of content is exponentially increasing. Due to this rapid increase in the use of content, network capacities have reached their limits. As low-latency data communication is required, high-speed wireless communication technologies such as next-generation wireless communication technology (e.g., 5G communication) or wireless gigabit alliance (WIGIG) (e.g., 802.11AD) have been developed.

Loop type antenna and electronic device including same


When a call session is set over an IP network between a calling IP phone and a called IP phone at the start of a call, information on the quality of communication between a host IP phone and a recording server is exchanged to compare the quality of communication of the two IP phones in each of the calling IP phone and the called IP phone. For example, the called IP phone, or a host IP phone, with a higher quality of communication than the calling IP phone of a conversing party transmits call audio data to the recording server as recording data. Meanwhile, the calling IP phone, or a host IP phone, with a lower quality of communication than the called IP phone of a conversing party refrains from transmitting the call audio data to the recording server.

In recent years, IP (Internet Protocol) phones that make or receive calls over an IP network are becoming widespread. Typically, in voice calls made or received with IP phones, signals are transmitted or received with the use of the SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) or the H.323 standard communication protocol. Upon a call session being established between two IP phones for engaging in a call with the use of the aforementioned communication protocol, call audio data is transmitted and received directly between the two IP phones with the use of media packets, such as audio packets, supported by a protocol such as the RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol). Thus, a voice call is carried out.
Furthermore, in recent years, among users who use such IP phones, in particular, among businesses such as insurance companies and securities companies, with a purpose of handling complaints at call centers or the like, enhancing corporate compliance, or the like, there has been a high demand for a call recording system that can record the content of a call so that an exchange made during a call with a customer can be checked or troubles can be avoided. There is also a high demand that a recording device that records call audio data can store a large amount of data.
In view of the above situation, various call recording systems have been proposed. In one call recording system, a recording server having a large storage capacity is connected to an IP network, and a recording session is established between IP phones and the recording server. Thus, the content of media packets, such as audio packets, transmitted and received between the IP phones (call audio data) is transmitted to the recording server and recorded therein. An example is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2006-100999, or Patent Literature 1, titled "call recording system, call recording method, and computer program."

Call recording system, call recording method, and call recording program


The various embodiments described herein include systems, methods and/or devices used to enable power inrush management of storage devices (e.g., DIMM devices). In one aspect, the method includes, for at least one storage device populated in a slot of a plurality of storage device slots, the plurality of storage device slots configured to be populated by two or more storage devices: (1) detecting a unique location associated with the storage device, (2) determining a time delay for the storage device in accordance with the unique location associated with the storage device, and (3) delaying at least one power-on operation of the storage device by the time delay for the storage device.

Semiconductor memory devices, including flash memory, typically utilize memory cells to store data as an electrical value, such as an electrical charge or voltage. A flash memory cell, for example, includes a single transistor with a floating gate that is used to store a charge representative of a data value. Flash memory is a non-volatile data storage device that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. More generally, non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory, as well as other types of non-volatile memory implemented using any of a variety of technologies) retains stored information even when not powered, as opposed to volatile memory, which requires power to maintain the stored information.
Some storage devices (e.g., memory devices) demand high power during power-on. As a number of storage devices used in a host system increases, power management of the storage devices is important.

Power inrush management of storage devices


A semiconductor package substrate is provided, which includes a substrate body having a plurality of conductive through holes formed therein, wherein at least two adjacent conductive through holes are formed as a differential pair, each of which has a ball pad formed at an end thereof; and at least one electrically integrated layer formed in the substrate body, and having an opening corresponding to the two adjacent conductive through holes formed as the differential pair and the ball pads thereof. Thus, the spacing between the conductive through holes and the electrically integrated layer and the spacing between the ball pads can be enlarged by the opening, so as to balance the impedance match.

For a semiconductor package substrate used in an electronic device, there have typically formed a plurality of through holes, such as plated through holes (PTHs), vias and blind holes, through the substrate in order to shorten a transmission path for chip signals. Further, at least a power plane and a ground plane are provided between multiple stacked layers of the substrate to enhance the electrical performance of a semiconductor package with the substrate. Accordingly, current may flow from the power plane of the substrate to a chip mounted on the substrate and then flow to the ground plane of the substrate via the plated through holes (having metal layers plated on walls of the through holes), thereby improving the electrical quality of the chip.
When the chip signals are transmitted to an inner circuit of the substrate, inner impedance of the inner circuit is generated. In order to ensure the consistency between the inner impedance of the substrate and outer impedance of an outer circuit externally connected to the electronic device, it usually requires considering electrical functions for both signal and power distributions in the device electrical design. One common transmission circuit design relates to a structure adopting a differential pair.
The so-called "differential pair" involves an improved technique for overcoming a drawback of insufficient transmission distance and strength provided by a single signal line during parallel data transmission by bus lines. This technique allows each bit signal to be transmitted over two signal lines having inverted phases in a way of having paired complementary signals for data transmission. The use of paired complementary signals results in greater tolerance to external interference and reduction of crosstalk, echo and noise. Further, the complementary characteristic of the differential-pair signals also reduces the drifting of ground potential signals, prevents the occurrence of a ground bounce, and thereby improves the ground performance of the electronic device.
However, when the chip signals are transmitted through bonding wires, conductive circuits, the plated through holes, the ground plane (or power plane) to solder balls implanted at a bottom surface of the substrate, impedance of the chip signals is decreased due to an increase in a capacitance effect generated between the metal layers plated on the walls of the through holes and the ground/power plane. As a result, integrated circuit (IC) output impedance (i.e. external impedance) from the substrate is smaller than loop impedance (i.e. internal impedance) of the chip, thereby resulting in a return loss during signal transmission. The return loss becomes more serious when the semiconductor package is operating at a high frequency. Accordingly, the present applicant has proposed an improvement, which was filed in Taiwan and granted as Taiwan Patent No. I237381 directed to a semiconductor package substrate for maintaining impedance consistency.
As shown in FIG. 1, a semiconductor package substrate disclosed in Taiwan Patent No. I237381 comprises an opening 13 formed through electrically integrated layers 11, 12 at a position corresponding to two adjacent conductive through holes 100, 101 that are formed as a differential pair, such that the conductive through holes 100, 101 are exposed through the opening 13. When the chip signals ate transmitted from an inner circuit layer 104 through the conductive through holes 100, 101 and the electrically integrated layers 11, 12 to solder balls (not shown) implanted at a bottom surface of the substrate and output from the solder balls, the opening 13 enlarges the spacing between the conductive through holes 100, 101 and the electrically integrated layers 11, 12, such that the chip signal impedance and the IC output impedance can be maintained consistent with each other.
However, the above technology may not be suitable for a substrate in a multi-layer ball grid array (BGA) semiconductor package disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,741,729. This is because such substrate is usually formed with a plurality of ball pads at a bottom surface thereof, and the ball pads are considered as a large area conductor for a signal transmission path, such that a capacitance effect is easily generated between the ball pads and an overlying power/ground plane, thereby leading to mismatch in circuit impedance and degrading the electrical performance of the semiconductor package.
Therefore, the problem to be solved here is to develop a semiconductor package substrate to overcome the above drawbacks in the prior art.

Siliconware Precision Industries Co., Ltd.


An object of the present invention is to provide a CRT for improving brightness without changing a conventional electron gun, a light emitting layer, etc.. A color cathode ray tube according to the present invention is characterized in that both or one of a panel glass 3 and a safety glass 1 used on a front face of the color cathode ray tube uses glass having characteristics in which spectroscopic transmittance to an electromagnetic wave near 580 to 700 nm in wavelength is relatively higher than spectroscopic transmittances to electromagnetic waves near 430 nm and 530 nm in wavelength.

There is conventionally a problem of an increase in brightness in a color CRT particularly used in a high definition display unit such as a computer display and a display unit of a large screen.
A method for increasing a voltage applied to an anode of the CRT, a method for increasing an electronic beam current from a cathode of an electron gun, a method for improving light emitting efficiency of a phosphor itself on a phosphor screen, etc. are known in the prior art for increasing the brightness of the CRT.
However, in the method for increasing the voltage applied to the anode of the CRT, power consumption is increased and there tends to be a critical defect of discharge in the CRT. Further, deflecting efficiency of a deflecting yoke (DY) is reduced and a problem of heat generation of the deflecting yoke is particularly caused in the high definition CRT.
In the method for increasing the electronic beam current from the cathode of the electron gun, a focusing function is generally deteriorated and an emission life of the cathode is shortened, and the life of the electron gun is also shortened. Further, in the high definition CRT, an amplifying circuit of the electronic beam current is formed in a high frequency region and it becomes difficult to increase the electronic beam current itself.
Further, the color CRT basically has three kinds of phosphor stripes (or dots) of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) and light is emitted from the phosphors by hitting the beam from the electron gun against these stripes. If the electronic beam is of high densities as it hits against the phosphor screen in a light emitting region of a visible ray actually used, brightness is correspondingly increased. Namely, it can be said that brightness of a specific phosphor is proportional to the electronic beam current.
However, light emitting efficiencies (bright degrees with respect to the same beam electric current, i.e., brightnesses) of the red, green and blue phosphors are different from each other. The light emitting efficiency of the red phosphor is generally worse than blue and green phosphors with respect to phosphors developed and used at present. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the electronic beam current to increase the red brightness. However, there is also a restriction of the beam electronic current determined from the above-mentioned circuit or the life of the electron gun so that there is a limit in the allowed beam electric current. Accordingly, beam electric currents with respect to green and blue are set such that red, green and blue lights are balanced under a condition in which the red beam electric current is increased as much as possible. Namely, the beam electric currents corresponding to the green and blue phosphors are set to be lower than their allowed maximum electric currents. Thus, the entire brightness of the CRT is actually determined by the red light emitting efficiency.
Further, the method for improving the light emitting efficiency of the phosphor itself on the phosphor screen has been continuously researched conventionally, but has recently attained a maximum state.
It is also considered that brightness can be increased by coating a phosphor layer with a thick coating and relatively increasing a phosphor amount. However, the phosphor stripes on the phosphor screen have recently been thinned to achieve high definition of the CRT so that the phosphor layer is thinned and the phosphor amount is reduced, thereby reducing brightness. FIG. 3B shows a typical phosphor layer of a computer display of 20 inches in size. A size from a phosphor R to the next phosphor R is set to about 0.3 mm. A width wp of each of phosphor stripes of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) seen through a panel glass and a width wc of a carbon stripe are approximately set to about 0.05 mm (50 .mu.m). There is a constant limit in thickness of the phosphor layer when the phosphors are coated along this very narrow width of 50 .mu.m.
It is considered, in order to to improve brightness that a ratio of the carbon stripe width w.sub.c and the phosphor stripe width w.sub.p on the phosphor screen can be changed and the carbon stripe width w.sub.c can be thinned and the phosphor stripe width w.sub.p can be correspondingly increased. However, in this case, a color shift results from caused by a slight mislanding (a shift in position between an electronic beam and each of the phosphor stripes) so that an image quality is reduced. In particular, the phosphor stripe width w.sub.p and the carbon stripe width w.sub.c are thin in the high definition CRT so that a marginal degree of error with respect to the mislanding is slight and it is difficult to increase this phosphor stripe width as a trial.
Therefore, it is considered as a trial that the same phosphors are used and brightness of the CRT is improved by increasing transmittance of each of a panel glass 3 and a safety glass (SP safety glass ) 1 of the CRT arranged between the phosphors and man's eyes shown in FIG. 3A. However, in this case, a problem of a reduction in contrast by the second power of transmittance is caused so that it is difficult to increase this brightness. Accordingly, general transmittance of the safety glass 1 and the panel glass 3 is generally reduced to about 40 to 80% (these contents will be explained later in detail by using FIG. 3C).
An object of the present invention is to provide a CRT for improving brightness without changing the conventional electron gun, the light emitting layer, etc. in the above-mentioned situation.

Color cathode ray tube with improved transmittance of selective wavelengths


A xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter includes a local D/A converter having a SC integrator which is constructed by an analog switch operated at the first and second timings of an input 1, an analog switch operated at the first and second timings of an input 2, an analog switch operated at the first and second timings without selection of the input, a capacitor charged and discharged by these analog switches and an operational amplifier (21), a comparator (22), a D-type flip-flop (28), a switch (29) and reference voltage sources (30, 31).

The present invention relates generally to a xcex94xcexa3 type A/D converter. More particularly, the invention relates to a xcex94xcexa3 type A/D converter which can switch a measurement range and an input signal.
A xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter permitting switching of a measurement range has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Heisei 11 (1999)-145829 which discloses an A/D converter performing gain adjustment by varying performance of D/A converting means. Namely, a performance variable D/A converter is provided, in which the performance of the D/A converter is controlled without providing gain variable device on an input side by supplying a control signal to a control terminal of the D/A converter for achieving gain control. On the other hand, the xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter handling a plurality of inputs has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Heisei 11(1999)-150784, which includes a plurality of microphones converting input acoustic energy into electrical signal in predetermined partial band, a plurality of A/D converting elements converting into digital codes and means for synthesizing outputs of the A/D converting elements.
In the prior art set forth above, no consideration has been made for switching of a measurement range or switching of the input signal. At first, the A/D converter having a gain control function as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Heisei 11-145829 does consider a gain but does not consider an offset. On the other hand, the microphone device consisted of a plurality of partial band microphones as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Heisei 11-150784, it has been required to arrange A/D converters of number corresponding to number of inputs so as to handle a plurality of inputs.
When an input for the xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter is unspecified, it is not possible to see amplitude and offset of the input signal in advance. On the other hand, when a plurality of inputs are used with switching therebetween, amplitudes and offsets of respective inputs may be different. For adapting to this, it can be considered to arrange variable gain amplifier for each input signal at preceding stage of the xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter. However, in this case, scale of the circuit becomes quire large. On the other hand, when A/D conversion is to be performed for a plurality of inputs, if A/D converters in number corresponding to number of inputs are arranged, scale of the circuit becomes unacceptably large. To this fact, the foregoing prior art have given no consideration.
The present invention has been worked out for solving the problems set forth above. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter which can arbitrarily set conversion range to permit setting of an optimal conversion range depending upon the input signal.
In order to accomplish the object set forth above, according to the present invention, a xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter comprising:
a local D/A converter having at least a first output voltage level and a second output voltage level;
an integrator integrating a difference of an input signal and an output of the local D/A converter;
a comparator comparing the outputs of the integrator;
means for varying the output of the local D/A converter depending upon an output of the comparator; and
switching means for switching the first output voltage level and the second output voltage level of the local D/A converter.
On the other hand, it may have polarity inverting means for inverting polarity of the output signal of the local D/A converter. Furthermore, according to the present invention, a xcex94xcexa3 type AD converter comprises:
switching means for switching a plurality of input signals
an integrator integrating a difference of an output signal of the switching means and an output of the local D/A converter;
a plurality of capacitors holding an integrated value of the integrator; and
means for switching said capacitors depending upon switching of said switching circuit.


An electrical connector includes contacts each having a junction to be electrically connected to another substrate and a pair of contact portions bifurcated and extending from the junction to form a bearing space therebetween, and an array plate for forming thereon a contact group by aligning a plurality of the contacts in a particular direction, and a cam shaft positioned and rotatably held within the bearing spaces of the contacts aligned with one another on the array plate to form a contact group and having a major axis portion and a minor axis portion different in size such that former is larger and the latter is smaller than the width of the bearing spaces so that the cam shaft is axially insertable into and retractable from the bearing spaces of the contacts. With this construction, the contacts can be detachably fitted in a connector so that failed contacts can be easily replaced with new contacts.

This invention relates to an aligned contact group and an electrical connector for a flexible substrate, which enable the flexible substrate such as a flexible printed circuit board and a flexible flat cable to be inserted into spacing between contact portions of contacts without requiring any insertion force and further securely achieve reliable electrical connection of the contacts and electrodes formed on surfaces of a flexible substrate.
In an electrical connector for a flexible substrate of prior art, if a large insertion force is required upon inserting the flexible substrate into the connector, the substrate would be greatly bent because the force could not be sufficiently transmitted into the insertion direction due to flexibility of the substrate, whereby the substrate could not be inserted into a correct connection position in a slot. As a result, it is impossible to achieve good electrical connection between electrodes of the substrate and contact portions of contacts arranged in the slot. Therefore, it is desirable that such an electrical connector has a structure enabling a substrate to be inserted into the connector without requiring any insertion force, that is, with a so-called "zero-insertion force".
An electrical connector having a structure by which a substrate can be inserted with zero-insertion force has been disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Opened No. 2004-48,905 (Patent Literature 1). The electrical connector disclosed in the Patent Literature 1 includes between flexible arms of contacts an actuator which is displaceable by driving. The flexible arms of the contacts are set to an opened and a closed condition by pivotally moving the actuator into predetermined positions. In the opened condition, the leading end of another connector is inserted into the connector to achieve fitting and connection of two connectors with zero-insertion force.
On the one hand, an electrical connector generally employs a plurality of contacts installed in a housing.
In an electrical connector used for the purpose of loading a plurality of flexible substrates, on the other hand, it is required to accurately arrange contacts with a high accuracy in order to effect reliable fitting with the flexible substrates. In the case that positional accuracy is relied upon a housing, insufficiently fitted contacts partly occur owing to a widened loading area of the contacts. Sometimes, therefore, contacts have been used in the state that a plurality of contacts are aligned with one another on an array plate. Such an electrical connector has advantages that spacing between arranged contacts can be narrowed and flexible arms of another connector can be protected from being deformed by external forces. However, since a cam shaft and an operating lever for rotating the cam shaft are mounted together with the aligned contact group, the cam shaft and the operating lever could not be removed so that an occupied area (space) at mounting place of the electrical connector (for example, onto other substrate) becomes greater. Such problems remain to be solved.

Aligned contact group and electrical connector for flexible substrate


A channel equalizer of a terrestrial digital TV receiver using a VSB modulation method is disclosed. By using a precise channel estimator according to the LS method, the transmission channel can be precisely estimated regardless of the characteristic of the transmission channel. By performing the channel equalization in the frequency domain based on the estimated channel, since the channel can be precisely compensated for, and a firm frame synchronization is supplied even to the time-varying multiple path channel, it can be exhibited superior performance even a mobile channel. Moreover, since the FFT implemented by hardware simpler than the transversal filter of the time domain can be used, the equalization is performed not the time domain but the frequency domain, a longer equalizing range can be obtained.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a channel equalizer of a terrestrial digital television (TV) receiver using a vestigial side band (VSB) modulation.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
Generally, a terrestrial television (TV) signal, which is transmitted from a transmitting terminal by using a vestigial sideband (VSB) system, arrives to a receiving terminal after passing through a multi-path channel. However, the arriving signal is seriously distorted by an Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), so that a channel equalizer should be adopted in order to remove the interference and restore the original signal.
There is a nonlinear decision feedback equalizer as the most channel equalizer adopted in a receiver for a single carrier transmission system such as the present VSB system. Since the nonlinear decision feedback equalizer works in a time domain and uses a least mean square (LMS) with a small operation amount for updating coefficient, its convergence speed is slow, but has an advantage that the implementation is simple and easy.
If the channel distortion is serious, that is, an output of the time domain decision feedback equalizer does not remove all of the ISI or the channel has a big sudden variation during normal operation, the decision value for determining the output of the nonlinear decision feedback equalizer is very different from an original signal. In this case, the miss-determined decision value is inputted into the equalizer of a feedback portion again so that the output from the nonlinear decision feedback equalizer may be deteriorated more and more, that is, there may be occurred kind of an error propagation phenomenon. Moreover, after the error propagation phenomenon is occurred, since the equalizer shows a hysteresis symptom that cannot be re-converged and remains at the deteriorated state even though the state of the transmission channel is improved, the equalizer has an equalizing performance limit under a serious static multi-path channel.
Moreover, since the time domain equalizer such as the nonlinear decision feedback equalizer works in a manner of remaining only a main path with the largest energy among the multi-path and removing all the ISI component corresponding to the rest path, the time domain equalizer cannot be stably operated when a position of the main path since such as a time varying channel not a static channel is varied, so that a frame synchronization is frequently broken. The frame synchronization should be necessary in the course of a channel decoding performed after the equalizer, and if the synchronization is broken, the channel decoding becomes impossible.
In a case of a transmission channel for the terrestrial TV, the time difference causes by the multi-path often becomes more than several tens of ps due to the characteristics of very sensitively responding to effect from the configuration of the ground and building on the ground. In a time domain equalizer working at a symbol rate (10.76 MHz), in order to restore the original signal from multi-path signal entering with the great time difference, the length of a filter of the time domain equalizer should be greater than several hundreds of tabs at minimum on the basis of a center tab. As described above, as a demand for a spread of equalizing time domain is gradually increased in the terrestrial TV receiver, the extension of the length of the time domain adapting an equalizing filter has a limit for implementation.

Channel equalizer and digital TV receiver using the same


A sensing lamp comprises a light body and a sensing module. The light body has a light source. The sensing module connected to the light body comprises a sensing unit and a cover. The sensing unit has at least one sensor, a control circuit and at least one parameter adjusting element. The sensor and the parameter adjusting element are electrically coupled to the control circuit, and respectively provided to the front-side and the back-side of the sensing unit. The control circuit is disposed in the sensing unit. The sensing unit and the light body are rotatably connected. The sensor of the sensing unit is not covered by the cover when the sensing unit is rotated to a first angle. The parameter adjusting element is not covered by the cover when the sensing unit is rotated to a second angle, thus the user can manipulate the parameter adjusting element.

1. Field of the Invention
The present disclosure relates to lighting; in particular, to a sensing lamp.
2. Description of Related Art
A conventional wall lamp is illustrated in FIG. 1A. For considering the design of the structure's appearance, the conventional wall lamp 1 can be divided into a light body 11 and a back plate 12. The shape of the light body 11 is designed according to the requirement of the user. The back plate 12 is used for installing the wall lamp to a wall. Today, the lighting requirement for the user varies due to the user's presence; therefore the technology of sensing light has been developed. Utilizing a sensor for sensing the environment (environment light or the user activity), the sensing lamp can turn off the light source when the light is not required. For example, the wall lamp shown in FIG. 1A can be added with a sensor 111. The sensor 111 usually is a light sensor or a motion sensor. When the sensor 111 of the wall lamp senses that the environment light is not enough or the user is approaching, the sensor 111 can turn on the light.
Conventionally, the sensor and the control circuit of the wall lamp are individually arranged. As shown in FIG. 1A, the sensor 111 can be disposed on the top (or the bottom) of the light body 11. The designed position of the sensor 111 is for obtaining a more accurate sensing result or larger sensing range. Besides, the location of the sensor 111 shown in FIG. 1A may be designed to different positions. For example, referring to the conventional wall lamp 1′ shown in FIG. 1B, the sensor 122 is disposed on the back plate 12′, and the parameter adjusting element 121′ is disposed at the bottom of the back plate 12′.
Referring to FIG. 1A again, the control circuit (not shown in FIG. 1A) connecting the sensor 111 is usually disposed in the back plate 12. In order to let the user easily adjust the related parameter of the sensor 111 such as the sensitivity, brightness or time of the light mode, or the start time of turning on the light, the parameter adjusting element(s) (for example, the switch or knob) is (are) exposed on the surface (for example, bottom surface or side surface) of the back plate 12. That is, the design of the back plate 12 has to fit in with the wiring and switching element (or adjusting element) of the control circuit, and the appearance design of the back plate 12 is so restricted accordingly. Taking FIG. 1A as an example, two parameter adjusting elements 121 are disposed at the bottom surface of the back plate 12. The user can manipulate the parameter adjusting elements to adjust the light mode or lighting parameters of the sensing wall lamp. In the same way, the parameter adjusting element 121′ shown in FIG. 1B is disposed at the bottom of the back plate 12′. Because the parameter adjusting elements are usually located at the bottom of the back 12′, it cannot accord with user-friendly adjustment, and the design flexibility of the back plate is limited. Please refer to FIG. 2 showing a block diagram of a conventional sensing wall lamp. The control circuit 13 receives exterior electrical power, and the control circuit 13 is electrically coupled to the light source 110 (disposed in the light body 11 shown in FIG. 1), the sensor 111 and the parameter adjusting element 121. However, referring to FIG. 3, based on the circumstance of arranging the sensor 111 and the corresponding circuit 13 separately and individually, a plurality of conducting wires (for example the two conducting wires 131 shown in FIG. 3) for connecting the sensor 111 and the control circuit 13 may be required, according to the complexity of the sensor 111 (or the types of the adjusted parameters of the wall lamp). Furthermore, the power wires of the light source 110 in the light body 11 and the control wires 133 of the parameter adjusting elements 121 lead to complicated wiring of the elements in the lamp. As such, the related cost of production of the lamp product and the probability of defects resulting during the production process would be increased.