A batter slurry, for coating food pieces so as to enhance crispness hold time for extended periods in take-out food conditions, comprising, as a percentage of a dry batter used to make the slurry, 97.4 to 99.8% by weight of a batter base selected from a modified food starch batter base and a flour batter base. The batter base comprises a modified food starch of from 10 to 60% by weight of the batter. The modified food starch is acetylated, cross-linked or acetylated and cross-linked. The dry batter further comprises from 0.0 to 1.0% by weight of calcium lactate and from 0.1 to 1.6% by weight of de-oiled lecithin. Coated food pieces are par-fried and preferably frozen. The frozen pieces, once reconstituted, retain their crispness under adverse, e.g. high humidity, conditions such as those encountered under take-out conditions where such pieces are typically placed into a closed container for home delivery or take out.

Retention of crispness of French fries and other foods is of great concern for take-out food operations which package the food pieces, such as French fry strips, after finish frying, into various types of packages for transport to consumers' homes. While being transported home, such foods are subjected to conditions of high heat and humidity in the packages. The result is re-hydration of the batter on the surface of each food piece and, consequently for example, an undesirably limp, soggy and tough French fry. Various procedures have been proposed for extending the crispness-holding quality of French fries after finish frying.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,885,639 relates to a procedure for extending the crispness-holding time of French fries through application of a pre-coating containing a hydrocolloid prior to coating the strips with a batter.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,759 relates to a procedure whereby potato strips with increased crispness are obtained by coating the strips prior to par-frying with an aqueous slurry containing chemically modified, ungelatinized potato starch, chemically modified, ungelatinized corn starch, and rice flour.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,597,227 relates to coating potato strips, prior to deep frying, with a coating of high amylose starch for the purpose of increasing the crispness of the strips.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,302,410 discloses application of a glaze coating of hydrolysed starch with a DE of less than 12 at pH levels of 5.5-8.5, to increase the crispness of French fry strips.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,431,944 relates to use of a batter mix containing a leavening agent, a blend of starch and high amylose starch, dextrin and a food gum to increase crispness.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,622,741 discloses that strips coated with a slurry of corn flour, corn starch and low solubility dextrin prior to par-frying yields a product which, upon re-frying, exhibits increased crispness.
These prior procedures have met with qualified success in the food processing industry. All of these procedures appear to address the need for a French fry with improved crispness over an extended period of time. However, they all only address the need for enhanced or extended crispness under conditions found in fast-food and eat-in restaurants, e.g. where French fries or other food products are either served immediately upon reconstitution, or held under sophisticated holding stations and/or operating procedures until served. None of the patents address the loss of crispness of food products, either coated or uncoated, when they are subjected to the high heat and humidity conditions imposed by take-out restaurant operations. There is, therefore, a need for a means to extend the duration of crispness of take-out food products under take-out food conditions.


A printer control apparatus includes a rotary encoder for detecting the rotational position of a rotary drum around which printing paper is wound and outputting a timing pulse, a reference point pulse creating circuit for outputting a reference point pulse based on the timing pulse, an up-counter for measuring the passage time of the reference point interval based on the reference point pulse, a plurality of comparators for generating a train of print timing pulses in a time interval corresponding to and shorter than the passage time of the reference point interval measured, a multiplier circuit having a different up-counter for determining the total required time of the train of print timing pulses, a print timing correction circuit for correcting the print timing pulse train based on the driving frequency of the ink-jet print head, and a head drive circuit for driving the head according to the print timing pulse train from the correction circuit.

This invention relates to a printer control apparatus for controlling an ink-jet printer, for example.
A general ink-jet printer performs printing with a print head which is relatively moved with respect to printing paper. Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 7-266580 discloses an ink-jet printer which performs printing by use of an ink-jet print head 2 disposed to face printing paper wound around a rotary drum 1 as shown in FIG. 34. The rotary drum 1 is rotated by a motor 3 and rotation of the rotary drum 1 is detected by an encoder 4. A motor 5 rotates a rotating shaft 6 disposed in parallel to the rotary drum 1 so as to move a fixed table 7 having the print head 2 mounted thereon in parallel to the rotary drum 1. Specifically, if the rotary drum 1 is rotated by the motor 3, the encoder 4 detects the rotation of the drum 1 to output a signal at each preset pitch and a CPU 8 receives the signal to drive a driver 9 which in turn drives the print head 2 in synchronism with the signal. Further, the CPU 8 drives the motor 5 in synchronism with the rotation of the rotary drum 1 to move the print head 2 by a preset amount. Thus, printing is done on printing paper wound around the rotary drum 1.
Further, in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 8-156328, as shown in FIG. 35, a print head 13 mounted on a carrier 12 is disposed to face a platen 11 and the carrier 12 is fixed on a carrier belt 16 which is stretched between the rotating shaft of a carrier motor 14 disposed on one side in the main scanning direction and the encoder shaft of a slit disk 15 of a 2-phase encoder disposed on the other side. The carrier belt 16 is driven by rotation of the carrier motor 14 to control and move the carrier 12 along a shaft 17 in the main scanning direction. The slit disk 15 is rotated by driving the carrier belt 16 and passage of each slit of the slit disk 15 is detected by an encoder sensor 18, and phase "A " and phase "B" outputs are generated as shown in FIG. 36.
The relative movement between the print head and the recording medium is generally attained at a constant speed by use of the motor, and during the relative movement, dots are printed on the recording medium at regular intervals by driving the print head in a preset cycle. The dot pitch is expressed by the unit of dpi (dot/inch) and is generally set to approx. 300 dpi to 1200 dpi.
The printing precision is primarily reduced by a degradation in the constant velocity of the relative movement. Therefore, the encoder is provided to detect the position of the drum which is required for a rotation and movement control. For example, in the case of FIG. 34, rotation of the rotary drum 1 is detected by the encoder 4 and the CPU 8 feedback-controls the speed of the motor 3 to make the time interval corresponding to the detected value constant.
However, in the above method, there is a limitation in the printing precision. One of the reasons is that delay time occurs in the feedback control without fail and it takes a long time until the variation is suppressed. Another reason is that the gain of the feedback loop cannot be made excessively large because of the delay time.
In the case of FIG. 35, the movement of the carrier 12 is detected when the encoder sensor 18 detects passage of each slit of the slit disk 15 rotated by driving the carrier belt 16 and a print timing pulse for starting the driving of the print head 13 is created according to the result of detection. The print head 13 can be driven to follow the movement of the carrier 12 by driving the print head 13 at the timing of the print timing pulse.
Further, in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 8-156328, an attempt is made to enhance the printing resolution. That is, as shown in FIG. 37, an up-counter 19 and down-counter 20 are provided, a Load 1 signal is derived from the phase "A" output ((a) in FIG. 38) from the encoder sensor 18 as shown in (c) of FIG. 38 and the Load 1 signal is input to the Load terminal of the up-counter 19. The up-counter 19 counts the pulse interval of the Load 1 signal by use of a clock CLK and the down-counter 20 is loaded with a value which is half the maximum count of the up-counter 19 by a Load 2 signal shown in (e) of FIG. 38 and counts the same. Therefore, a timing pulse is output from the down-counter 20 at a timing which is half the period of the Load 1 signal. The timing signal and a signal obtained by inverting the Load 1 signal by an inverter 21 are input to an OR gate 22 so as to output a print timing signal as shown in (d) of FIG. 38 with the resolution which is twice the resolution of the encoder.
Thus, the ink-jet printer disclosed in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 8-156328 has an advantage that it can cope with the high resolution.
However, the ink-jet printer disclosed in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 8-156328 is effective in a case where the Load 1 signal, that is, a reference point pulse is halved to create a print timing signal and the number of divisions is small, but a problem occurs when the number of divisions is increased to further enhance the resolution.
For example, assume a case wherein an interval of reference point pulses is divided into six portions. As shown in FIG. 39, when the reference point pulses are changed to have intervals a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, the print timing pulses are obtained as a combination of pulses of a period which is 1/6 of each of a1 to a5 and the original reference point pulses so that a difference between the intervals of the reference point pulses will be concentrated on the last one of the six-divided periods. That is, when the print timing pulses are created based on the interval a1 of the reference point pulses, the interval a1 is divided into six portions, but since the period used when printing is actually done is the interval a2 which appears one period after the interval a1, the first to fifth print timing pulses are created based on the contents of the divisions, but the sixth print timing pulse is created based on the reference point pulse and the last pulse interval of the print timing pulses becomes shorter if the interval a2 is shorter than the interval a1. If the time width of the pulse interval becomes shorter than the response time of the print head, there occurs a problem that printing will not be done.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 40, if the next reference point pulse is not used to create the sixth print timing pulse and this print timing pulse is created at a timing obtained by dividing the interval a1 into six portions, the first interval of the print timing pulses of the next period becomes shorter, thereby causing the same problem.
Thus, in the prior art, in a case where the print control is effected by detecting the relative position between the print head and the recording medium by use of the encoder, there occurs a problem that printing cannot be done if the number of divisions of the reference point pulse interval is increased to enhance the printing precision.


A method of modeling or constructing a switch element uses an ingress stage with input sorters and input routers; an egress stage with output routers and output sorters; and a center stage interconnecting the ingress and egress stages. Routers are partitioned such that each partition is assigned to only one data line. A switch controller and method may use such modeling to advantage. For example, during initial configuration of the switch element, a subset of connections are excluded from a control algorithm that initially configures the switch with the subset being subjected to post processing. Furthermore, a fast rearrangement of the switch rearranges only part of the existing connections and then adds/deletes cross connects as necessary to complete the connections.

Switches or switch elements are interconnected within a communication network in order to direct data from one point to another point within the network. Typically, each switch element has a plurality of inputs and a corresponding plurality of outputs. Network connections can be coupled to each of the switch element inputs and outputs. Typically, data carried on any input line of a switch element can be switched to any output line on the same switch element. Conventional switch devices typically use rearrangement or control algorithms, such as Paull's algorithm or the Looping algorithm, to establish initial configurations for the switch element.
Networks, however, do not remain fixed. Rather, frequently, some network connections are added, while others are dropped. Alternatively, data previously intended for one switch output line may be required to be shifted to another output line. In general, switching events output line may be required to be shifted to another output line. In general, switching events may occur, which would require the network connections across the switch element to be manipulated. Due to the number of connections across a single switching element, compensating for a switching event can be a complex and computationally intensive procedure. Examples of switching events include instances when network connections are added to a switch element already in use or instances when one of the links between network elements fails and another route through the network element is needed.
When switching events require new connections to be formed, conventional switch elements must be reconfigured. Many switch elements comprise devices, which are grouped into one of three stages of a three stage Clos network (i.e., within an ingress stage, a center stage or an egress stage). In response to switching events, typically, all of the switching devices in the Clos network (including those related to connections that are not directly affected by the switching event) need to be reconfigured to form new connections through the switch element.
A conventional switch element in such a rearrangeable, non-blocking switching configuration typically requires considerable computational resources to accomplish reconfiguration of the switching devices within the switch element at the speed required by such standards as SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) or SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) which requires, for example, restoration switch events to be completed within 50 ms. Due to the complexities of the algorithms used to establish such reconfigurations for switch elements, it can become even more difficult to repeatedly execute control algorithms in a manner that ensures switching events are compensated for while being transparent to the end-user. Conventional control algorithms are computationally intensive and can be intermittently unpredictable in temporal length to compute. As such, use of these algorithms for the purpose of performing rearrangements of switches with existing connections can result in unacceptable delays.
One-way to speed the reconfiguration process is to pre-configure portions of the Clos network to support change. For example, the center stage of the Clos network can be pre-configured to include standby connections. The stand-by connections can be used to realize changes in the network to support various protocols (i.e., protection protocols) or otherwise allow for reconfiguration of the network element in response to a switching event. The stand-by connections can be quickly realized without having to run resource intensive rearrangement algorithms. However, such pre-configured connections require sufficient bandwidth in the center stage, such bandwidth that is unavailable for conventional operations (i.e., over-provisioned bandwidth, that is, bandwidth over and above necessary bandwidth to support point-to-point connections).
Accordingly, there is a need for a new switching control mechanism, which provides for faster performance in response to switching events and does not require over-provisioned bandwidth.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Switching control mechanism for supporting reconfiguaration without invoking a rearrangement algorithm


A vehicle (1) for installing a cable (2) in a ground formation, in particular in a seabed, comprising a frame (3), propulsion means (4, 6), a cutter assembly (8) for forming a trench and a guide (15) for placing the cable (2) in the trench. The guide (2) is releasably connected to the vehicle (1). The vehicle and guide according to the present invention facilitate installing a cable in a ground formation, in particular in a seabed, as well as interrupting installation.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a vehicle for installing a cable in a ground formation, in particular in a seabed, comprising a frame, propulsion means, a cutter assembly for forming a trench and a guide for placing the cable in the trench. The invention also relates to the guide itself and to a method of temporarily interrupting the installation of a cable.
2. Brief Description of the State of the Art
Vehicles of this type are often referred to as "cable trenching machines" or simply "trenchers" and are known in the art.
WO 00/60178 discloses a method of forming a trench at sea on the seabed comprising the steps of providing an ROV (remotely operable vehicle) (2) capable of being operated underwater, providing a separate trenching skid (1) removably connectable to the ROV (2), connecting the trenching skid (1), possibly via an interface skid (3), to the ROV to form an operative trenching system (1, 2, 3), the connection being capable of being made while the trenching skid (1) is on the seabed, and operating the trenching system to form a trench underwater.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,722,793 discloses a method comprising the steps of using a self-propelled cable-burying tractor (1) remotely controlled via a flexible control umbilical (2) and provided with at least one drum (6) for a flexible cable (7), controlling said cable-burying tractor from a first location (5) in order to lay and bury the flexible cable as far as a first predetermined point (P1), controlling said cable-burying tractor beyond said first predetermined point from a second location (10), and continuing to lay and bury the flexible cable as far as a second predetermined point (P2), one of said locations being on land (5) while the other is a surface vessel (10). It is stated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,722,793 that this method is particularly suitable for laying and burying flexible cables such as optical cables, coaxial cables for analogue transmission, electrical cables and single or multiple flexible tubular ducts.
WO 2004/055276 discloses an apparatus for forming a trench (16) in the surface of the earth (15), for example a trench for energy lines, communication lines, etc., which apparatus comprises a frame (1) provided with propulsion means (2, 3), on which frame at least one trench forming device (5) is mounted. The trench-forming device (5) comprises at least one driveable drill bit (6), whose axis of rotation is oriented substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the apparatus during operation of the apparatus.
If the installation of a cable must be interrupted and the trencher hoisted, e.g. because of weather conditions or a malfunction of the trencher or the surface vessel from which the trencher is operated, the cable, which must, as a matter of course, remain on the seabed when the trencher is hoisted, is likely to slide into the trench and/or the trench is likely to cave in. Further, it will be difficult to locate the correct section of the cable and resume trenching.

Vehicle for installing a cable in a ground formation


A composition comprises an extract from a first cannabis plant tissue and an extract from a second cannabis plant tissue.

Cannabis compositions are traditionally administered via inhalation. Although this is a fast delivery method, it is difficult to control the exact amounts of cannabinoids that are being delivered, as some are lost or converted to other compounds when burned and different people absorb different amounts of cannabinoids through their lung tissue due to their individual biochemical differences as well as their idiosyncratic smoking habits.
In other cases, cannabis compositions are administered in edible compositions. However, the concerns identified above with regard to control of dosing also apply to edible compositions, especially as the typical extraction methods used in preparing cannabis for cooking involve heat. Additionally, each individual's recipe(s) are idiosyncratic, just as smoking are.
Furthermore, cannabis compositions are typically derived exclusively from the dried, unfertilized, female flowers of the plant. However, cannabinoids and other active ingredients, such as the great variety of terpenes which may be present in the plant also occur on, and in, the leafy parts of the plant, especially those which are found near the unfertilized female flowers, on to which the glandular secretions of the flowers will have fallen during growth, harvesting, and processing. Additionally, hemp seed oil, which may be pressed from the seeds of the plant, is a well-known, commercially available health food, but is rarely, if ever encountered as part of a cannabis composition.
There is a need for alternative therapies to overcome or mitigate at least some of the deficiencies of the prior art.


In a method of building a firmware component to execute a sequence of instructions in a device having a computer, a plurality of build files is processed to form a set of buildable statements of hardware policy. The buildable statements are decoded to form a Configuration Manager namespace. Contents of the Configuration Manager namespace are linked to a UEFI compatible kernel program having a Configuration Manager capability. Alternatively, a data stream representing the contents of the Configuration Manager namespace is encoded to form a Configuration Manager database readable by the UEFI compatible kernel program at a run-time. A plurality of UEFI device driver programs and the UEFI compatible kernel program are linked to form the firmware component.

Modernly, the use of PCs (personal computers), including so-called laptop and notebook computers, is increasingly common and the computers themselves are ever more powerful and complex. Hardware development continues at great rates resulting in families of PCs that share parts and partial configurations yet have evolving capabilities and legion configurations. A persistent problem is the management of needed changes and enhancements to firmwares as new versions of hardware and entirely new hardware subsystems are phased in—while simultaneously avoiding excessive duplication of effort across families of related, but different, computer products. Frequently the differences are trivial at a technical level, but nonetheless crucial at an operational level.
Modernly detailed decisions as to hardware policy may be deferred until later in the development cycle than was former practice. Moreover, system variants using parts selected pursuant to tactical changes may arise. This can require rapid and adaptive approaches to hardware and related policy and flexibility in implementation. This leads to a need for capabilities above and beyond those found in previously developed solutions.
Firmware development is typically quite different from software development, including that firmware operates in unusual hardware configurations (which configurations change as the firmware moves through its run-time phases). Also firmware has an intimate relationship with hardware, especially since hardware is nowadays far more complex than it formerly was. This is a situation that software rarely has to contend with in modern times. The adoption of UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) developed from Intel's EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) based Personal Computer firmware can facilitate, but does not in itself provide, parametric policy isolation. Parametric policy isolation allows a less expert and more efficient approach to policy adaptation and evolution to be adopted, especially in response to evolving PC product requirements
A significant advantage of embodiments of the invention over previously developed solutions is that the support of policy, including hardware policy is facilitated. In consequence a plurality of more consistent and higher quality UEFI based distributed products emerge with proportionally less development effort.

Policy description technique in UEFI firmware


An electrical module support assembly for use with a junction box disposed in a building structure at a structure surface, the assembly comprising: a mounting fastener; an electrical module having a mounting portion with a module fastener aperture disposed through the mounting portion; and a support bracket defining a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the support bracket having a modular face, a junction box face opposite the modular face, and a bracket fastener aperture disposed through the support bracket, the support bracket being rotatably disposable between the mounting portion and the structure surface with the modular face disposed towards the electrical module, the support bracket extending beyond the mounting portion in directions respectively along the longitudinal and lateral axes away from the support bracket with the mounting fastener disposed through the module fastener aperture and the bracket fastener aperture.

The present invention relates generally to a universal modular support bracket assembly for the installation of a variety of light switches and outlet sockets into the junction boxes recessed within the surfaces of building structures.
A universally adaptable assembly is needed to relatively secure all types of electrical lighting modules onto the junction box recessed under a structure surface such that these modules do not fall through the opening in the structure surface made for the junction box. Such an assembly should also enable these electrical modules to be supported on the structure surface such that the underlying paint and drywall are not damaged.
There are a number of electrical module assemblies used to install electrical modules into the walls of a building. For instance, U.S. Pat. No. 4,247,738 discloses a flush-mounting electrical box assembly having a box, frame, holder frame, and outer protective cover for mounting to a building wall. The holder or support frame in this assembly is uniquely sized for use only with and accommodation of a customized frame containing an electrical module. The support frame is not designed to directly support the electrical module on the structure surface. U.S. Pat. No. 5,180,886 discloses a wall box electric device assembly disclosing a "designer" decorative cover plate, a wall plate, and a yoke plate for mounting only an electric socket onto junction box. This assembly again is specialized for use only with the customized "designer" decorative cover plate and not with standard cover plates. U.S. Pat. No. 4,134,636 discloses an electrical outlet and under plate assembly disclosing a molded plastic insulator panel sized for telescopic engagement with a junction box. The under plate extending around the interior walls of the opening for the junction box in the structure surface does not act to support the electrical module on the structure surface. In all of these prior art assemblies, the underlying paint and drywall remain exposed to wear by the electrical module abutting against the wall surface as well as to the electrical module falling into the opening created for the junction box in the structure surface.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an improved modular support bracket assembly able to accommodate all types of electrical modules such that they are supported above a building surface while remaining firmly attached to the recessed junction box, thereby mitigating damage by the electrical module to the underlying paint and drywall surface of the building structure or otherwise having the electrical module fall into the junction box opening.

Universal modular support bracket assembly


A bearing having an electrically conductive sleeve and a self-lubricating liner wherein the electrically conductive sleeve comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion and the second portion having respectively an inner surface and an outer surface; the self-lubricating liner extends over the inner surface of the first portion of the electrically conductive sleeve to define a first tubular volume, the first tubular volume having a first diameter and a first longitudinal axis; and the inner surface of the second portion of the electrically conductive sleeve defines a second tubular volume, the second tubular volume having the same diameter and the same longitudinal axis as the first tubular volume.

An aircraft landing gear assembly can include structural components movably coupled via a coupling or joint. For example, a forward stay includes first and second components that are pivotally coupled to each other using a pin joint to allow the stay to fold. The pin joint typically consists of a hard coated pin (traditionally chrome coated, and more latterly High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) coating) seated against a sacrificial wear bushing (typically made from aluminium bronze or stainless steel) that is housed within the mating lugs of the coupled components.
It is desirable for landing gears to provide a conductive path between the wheels and the landing gear attachment points on the aircraft to enable electrostatic discharges and to ensure protection against lighting strikes. In a pin joint, for example, the conductive path is formed by structural components electrically coupled using the conductive path between the metallic bushing and the joint pin.
Recently low-friction materials, commonly known as self-lubricating materials, have been used to line or coat joint bushes to reduce the need for periodical greasing of the joint. These self-lubricating materials are generally poor conductors and thus the electrical bonding that was ensured from metal to metal contact between the joint bush, the component and pin is lost.
Bonding straps are one way to provide a current path between coupled components. However, bonding straps require attachment points and fasteners and can cause snagging of other equipment. Furthermore bonding straps can cause excess noise and increase the complexity of the joint leading to a higher maintenance level. It would be desirable to mitigate these issues.
GB 2410986A describes an electrically conductive self-lubricating bearing system comprising a mating structure and an electrically conductive substrate wherein lubricating material 6 is disposed within valleys of the electrically conductive substrate so that that the lubricating material 6 lies flush with the uncoated and conductive parts.


A tracking device includes: an image sensor that obtains image information of an image present within an image plane formed via an optical system; a tracking unit that tracks a target within the image plane based upon the image information; a focus detection unit that detects a focus adjustment state of the optical system over at least one focus detection area set in the image plane; a focus adjustment unit that executes focus adjustment for the optical system based upon the focus adjustment state detected in the focus detection area corresponding to a position of the target; a decision-making unit that makes a decision as to whether or not the target is being tracked based upon results of tracking operation executed by the tracking unit; and a control unit that bans the focus adjustment based upon results of the decision made by the decision-making unit.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a tracking device and an image-capturing apparatus.
2. Description of Related Art
There is a tracking device known in the related art that tracks a main subject by designating an image contained in an area specified by the photographer in a photographed image as a template image, searching for an image area matching the template in a subsequent captured image through pattern matching, and setting the area matching the template image as a main subject area containing a subject which the photographer considers to be a main subject (see Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication No. 2006-658431).

Tracking device and image-capturing apparatus


A DNA coding for an entire or a part of an antigen protein of the rinderpest virus; a protein for the production of the DNA comprising the steps of preparing an mRNA from the rinderpest virus, preparing a cDNA library from the mRNA, selecting a cDNA coding for the target protein from the cDNA library, and cloning the selected cDNA in a cloning vector; and a protein for the production of the antigen protein of the rinderpest virus comprising the steps of transfecting a vector containing the DNA coding for the target protein into animal cells, culturing the animal cells to produce the antigen protein, and recovering the target protein from the cell culture.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to DNA coding for antigen proteins of the rinderpest virus, a process for the production of that DNA, and a process for the production of the antigen protein using that DNA.
2. Description of the Related Art
Rinderpest is often prevalent in many areas of the world, such as the Middle and Near East, and Africa etc., and therefore, there is intensive research into the development of vaccines for the rinderpest virus.
In the development of vaccines through genetic engineering, processes wherein a gene coding for an antigen protein of the vaccine is expressed in E. coli, yeast or animal cells to obtain the antigen protein, and processes wherein a gene coding for an antigen protein is integrated into a vaccinea virus to construct a recombinant virus for the production of a live vaccine are known. To carry out such processes, a gene coding for an antigen protein of the rinderpest virus must be cloned.
A rinderpest virus strain L that can be grown in Vero cells has been constructed (F. Kobune et al., Archives of Viroloqy, 68, 271-277, 1981). Also, a rinderpest virus strain L (L 13) that can be grown in Vero cells has been developed (J. Gen. Virol. 67, 271, 1986).
The cloning of a cDNA coding for an F protein of the canine distemper virus has been disclosed by S. E. H. Russell, J. Gen. Virol. 66, 435-441, 1985.
Nevertheless, a gene coding for an antigen protein of the rinderpest virus has not yet been cloned.

DNA coding for antigen protein of rinderpest virus


According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a method, an apparatus, a device, and a computer-readable storage medium for determining a category of an entity are provided. The method includes: based on a suffix of the entity, obtaining a suffix feature associated with the suffix; determining one or more candidate categories of the entity based on a name of the entity; and determining a set of categories of the entity based on the one or more candidate categories and the suffix feature.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely applied to more and more products and scenarios in the current internet environment. Text understanding, as an important AI technology, plays a crucial role in various applications such as knowledge map constructing, text processing, and automatic questioning and answering. It is a key for text understanding to determine a category of an entity (i.e. a hypernym of the entity), because the category of the entity is a key feature of the entity, which may improve the effect of text understanding technology in various scenarios.
Entities generally refer to objects or things that may be distinguished from each other in the real world or virtual world. The entity may be a named entity, such as a people name, a places name, an organization name. The entity may also be a concept-type entity such as an instant strategy game, French red wine. In general, the determination of the category of the entity needs to rely on some additional information, such as context information or information listed in the knowledge map. In the absence of such additional information, it is often impossible to accurately and finely determine the category of the entity.

Methods, apparatuses, devices, and computer-readable storage media for determining category of entity

BAIDU ONLINE NETWORK TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) CO., LTD.


According to one embodiment, a medical information processing apparatus includes processing circuitry configured to derive an index value with respect to noise included in data associated with magnetic resonance signals collected by each of a plurality of reception coils, adjust a degree to which noise is removed from the data associated with the magnetic resonance signals based on the derived index value, remove noise from the data associated with the magnetic resonance signals based on the adjusted degree, and perform compositing of the data associated with the magnetic resonance signals from which noise has been removed.

A technology for generating an image by obtaining the sum of squares (SoS) of signals acquired from a plurality of reception coils provided in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus and performing denoise processing on the generated image to acquire an image from which a noise component is removed or restricted has been known. For example, a deep neural network can be used for denoise processing.

Medical information processing apparatus, medical information processing method, and storage medium


A power compensation apparatus for a renewable energy system includes a plurality of converter modules positioned between any two phases of a three-phase AC electrical grid, each converter module including a plurality of inverter circuits connected in series. Each inverter circuit includes an energy storage unit for providing a direct current (DC) voltage; a capacitor connected to the energy storage unit; and an H-bridge circuit converting the DC voltage into an alternating current (AC) voltage. The converter modules perform reactive power compensation and active power regulation on the electrical grid in a delta connection. A plurality of converter modules are respectively positioned between any two phases of the electrical grid in a delta connection, so as to keep the voltage of the electrical grid continuously stable when the voltage of the electrical grid fluctuates, and also compensate load current when system load is not balanced.

1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to power compensation techniques used for an alternating current (AC) electrical grid, and more particularly relates to a power compensation apparatus and a power compensation method which are suitable for use in a renewable energy system.
2. Description of Related Art
For an electrical grid, there are two types of electrical power for a power supply load, which includes active power and reactive power. The active power is the electrical power required for maintaining normal operation of a powered device; and, the reactive power is relative abstract, which is the electrical power used in electric and magnetic fields of an electrical circuit for creating and maintaining a magnetic field in an electrical apparatus. Generally, any electrical apparatus with magnetic coils has to consume reactive power for creating a magnetic field, and since no work will be done when the magnetic field is built, the process is refereed to as "no work".
Currently, with the increasing energy crisis and environmental issues, countries all over the world are vigorously developing renewable energy business, such as wind power generation and solar energy generation. Taking the wind power generation as an example, the installed wind power capacity in China grows rapidly, from a stall-regulated wind power system to a variable-speed and constant-frequency (VSCF) wind power system, and from a wind power system with a gearbox to a direct-drive wind power system without the gearbox. For a stall-regulated wind asynchronous-generator, it needs to absorb lagging reactive power from an electrical grid to create a magnetic field and satisfy magnetic requirements, as well as to compensate reactive power consumed by excitation. However, in common medium or large scale induction machines, the excitation current is about 20%-25% of the rated current, and thus the reactive power required by excitation amounts to 20%-25% of the generator capacity. Thus, the overall reactive power required by an induction generator is about 25%-30% of the generator capacity. This will significantly increase the reactive power load in the electrical grid, resulting in power factor (PF) decrease of the network and voltage decrease and line-loss increase of the network, thereby affecting the stability of the electrical grid. Moreover, the active power outputted by the wind power system varies with the wind speed, and when the active power outputted by a generator is not balanced with the load power of a powered device, frequency of the electrical grid changes and thus endangers the stability of the electric power system.
In the prior art, one solution is to use a static var compensator (SVC). The SVC includes a reactor and a capacitor, wherein switching of the reactor is controlled by a thyristor because the thyristor has a fast response to a control signal, and the on/off switching times also may not be limited. When the voltage fluctuates, the SVC can adjust the voltage rapidly and smoothly, so as to satisfy the requirements of dynamic reactive power compensation. However, when the thyristor is used to control the switching of the reactor, high-order harmonics is generated, and thus a special filter is needed.
In view of this, it is a problem desired to be solved by this industry regarding how to design a new power compensation technical solution which may not only provide reactive power for controlling the electrical grid voltage, but also achieve a balance between output power and load power when the system is loaded with a balanced or un balanced load.

Power compensation apparatus and method for renewable energy system


In an apparatus for controlling a belt type CVT connected to an engine (prime mover) mounted on a vehicle through a forward clutch to change power of the engine in speed and transmit the power to a driven wheel of the vehicle, it is configured to determine whether it is in a predetermined operating condition where an operator is likely to apply a panic brake or the like, set a first value as a friction coefficient μ of the clutch to calculate and control a desired supply hydraulic pressure based on the first value when the determination result is negative, and set a second value greater than the first value to calculate and control the desired supply hydraulic pressure based on the second value when the determination result is affirmative.

In recent years, there is known torque fuse control that controls engagement pressure of a clutch arranged in series with a belt-type CVT (automatic transmission) so that the clutch is slipped before the CVT belt is slipped, thereby preventing excessive torque from being transmitted to the belt, as taught, for example, by a Patent Reference 1. In a technique of the Patent Reference 1, a lockup clutch is used as the clutch and its engagement pressure is increased and decreased with time.


A plurality of Guest cells of Guest instructions are provided with corresponding Host cells for emulating Guest instructions, each Guest instruction having a Guest cell corresponding to a Host cell. Each of the Host cells are initialized with an initialization routine for discovering a corresponding semantic routine for emulating the Guest instruction. When an instruction is to be emulated for the first time, the initialization routine patches itself with the discovered semantic routine such that subsequent emulation of the Guest instruction can be directly performed.

Trademarks: IBM® may be a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, N.Y., U.S.A. S/390®, z900 and z990 and other product names are registered trademarks or product names of International Business Machines Corporation or other companies.
Before our invention IBM has created through the work of many highly talented engineers beginning with machines known as the IBM® System 360 in the 1960s to the present, a special architecture which, because of its essential nature to a computing system, became known as "the mainframe" whose principles of operation state the architecture of the machine by describing the instructions which may be executed upon the "mainframe" implementation of the instructions which had been invented by IBM inventors and adopted, because of their significant contribution to improving the state of the computing machine represented by "the mainframe", as significant contributions by inclusion in IBM's Principles of Operation as stated over the years. The Eighth Edition of the IBM® z/Architecture® Principles of Operation which was published February, 2009 has become the standard published reference as SA22-7832-07 and are incorporated in IBM's z9® mainframe servers. The IBM Z/Architecture® Principles of Operation, Publication SA22-7832-07 is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
Referring to FIG. 1A, representative components of a prior art Host Computer system 50 are portrayed. Other arrangements of components may also be employed in a computer system, which are well known in the art. The representative Host Computer 50 comprises one or more CPUs 1 in communication with main store (Computer Memory 2) as well as I/O interfaces to storage devices 11 and networks 10 for communicating with other computers or SANs and the like. The CPU 1 is compliant with an architecture having an architected instruction set and architected functionality. The CPU 1 may have Dynamic Address Translation (DAT) 3 for transforming program addresses (virtual addresses) into real address of memory. A DAT typically includes a Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) 7 for caching translations so that later accesses to the block of computer memory 2 do not require the delay of address translation. Typically a cache 9 may be employed between Computer Memory 2 and the Processor 1. The cache 9 may be hierarchical having a large cache available to more than one CPU and smaller, faster (lower level) caches between the large cache and each CPU. In some implementations the lower level caches are split to provide separate low level caches for instruction fetching and data accesses. In an embodiment, an instruction may be fetched from memory 2 by an instruction fetch unit 4 via a cache 9. The instruction may be decoded in an instruction decode unit (6) and dispatched (with other instructions in some embodiments) to instruction execution units 8. Typically several execution units 8 are employed, for example an arithmetic execution unit, a floating point execution unit and a branch instruction execution unit. The instruction may be executed by the execution unit, accessing operands from instruction specified registers or memory as needed. If an operand is to be accessed (loaded or stored) from memory 2, a load store unit 5 typically handles the access under control of the instruction being executed. Instructions may be executed in hardware circuits or in internal microcode (firmware) or by a combination of both.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,560,013 "METHOD OF USING A TARGET PROCESSOR TO EXECUTE PROGRAMS OF A SOURCE ARCHITECTURE" to Scalzi et al., filed Dec. 6, 1994, assigned to IBM, incorporated by reference herein teaches a method of utilizing large virtual addressing in a target computer to implement an instruction set translator (1ST) for dynamically translating the machine language instructions of an alien source computer into a set of functionally equivalent target computer machine language instructions, providing in the target machine, an execution environment for source machine operating systems, application subsystems, and applications. The target system provides a unique pointer table in target virtual address space that connects each source program instruction in the multiple source virtual address spaces to a target instruction translation which emulates the function of that source instruction in the target system. The target system efficiently stores the translated executable source programs by actually storing only one copy of any source program, regardless of the number of source address spaces in which the source program exists. The target system efficiently manages dynamic changes in the source machine storage, accommodating the nature of a preemptive, multitasking source operating system. The target system preserves the security and data integrity for the source programs on a par with their security and data integrity obtainable when executing in source processors (i.e. having the source architecture as their native architecture). The target computer execution maintains source-architected logical separations between programs and data executing in different source address spaces—without a need for the target system to be aware of the source virtual address spaces.
"Dynamic Native Optimization of Interpreters" published 2000 by Hewlett-Packard Labs 1 Main St. Cambridge, Mass. 02142 incorporated herein by reference teaches "There is a long history of approaches to removing interpretive overhead from programming language implementations. In practice, what often happens is that, once an interpreted language becomes popular, pressure builds to improve performance until eventually a project is undertaken to implement a native Just In Time (JIT) compiler for the language. Implementing a JIT is usually a large effort, affects a significant part of the existing language implementation, and adds a significant amount of code and complexity to the overall code base."
In FIG. 1B, an example of a prior art emulated Host Computer system 21 may be provided that emulates a Host computer system 50 of a Host architecture. In the emulated Host Computer system 21, the Host processor (CPU) 1 may be an emulated Host processor (or virtual Host processor) and comprises an emulation processor 27 having a different native instruction set architecture than that of the processor 1 of the Host Computer 50. The emulated Host Computer system 21 has memory 22 accessible to the emulation processor 27. In the example embodiment, the Memory 27 may be partitioned into a Host Computer Memory 2 portion and an Emulation Routines 23 portion. The Host Computer Memory 2 may be available to programs of the emulated Host Computer 21 according to Host Computer Architecture. The emulation Processor 27 executes native instructions of an architected instruction set of an architecture other than that of the emulated processor 1, the native instructions obtained from Emulation Routines memory 23, and may access a Host instruction for execution from a program in Host Computer Memory 2 by employing one or more instruction(s) obtained in a Sequence & Access/Decode routine which may decode the Host instruction(s) accessed to determine a native instruction execution routine for emulating the function of the Host instruction accessed. Other facilities that are defined for the Host Computer System 50 architecture may be emulated by Architected Facilities Routines, including such facilities as General Purpose Registers, Control Registers, Dynamic Address Translation and I/O Subsystem support and processor cache for example. The Emulation Routines may also take advantage of function available in the emulation Processor 27 (such as general registers and dynamic translation of virtual addresses) to improve performance of the Emulation Routines. Special Hardware and Off-Load Engines may also be provided to assist the processor 27 in emulating the function of the Host Computer 50.
In a mainframe, architected machine instructions are used by programmers, usually today "C" programmers often by way of a compiler application. These instructions stored in the storage medium may be executed natively in a z/Architecture IBM Server, or alternatively in machines executing other architectures. They can be emulated in the existing and in future IBM mainframe servers and on other machines of IBM (e.g. pSeries® Servers and xSeries® Servers). They can be executed in machines running Linux on a wide variety of machines using hardware manufactured by IBM®, Intel®, AMD™, Sun Microsystems and others. Besides execution on that hardware under a Z/Architecture®, Linux can be used as well as machines which use emulation by Hercules, UMX, FSI (Fundamental Software, Inc) or Platform Solutions, Inc. (PSI), where generally execution may be in an emulation mode. In emulation mode, emulation software may be executed by a native processor to emulate the architecture of an emulated processor.
The native processor 27 typically executes emulation software 23 comprising either firmware or a native operating system to perform emulation of the emulated processor. The emulation software 23 may be responsible for fetching and executing instructions of the emulated processor architecture. The emulation software 23 maintains an emulated program counter to keep track of instruction boundaries. The emulation software 23 may fetch one or more emulated machine instructions at a time and convert the one or more emulated machine instructions to a corresponding group of native machine instructions for execution by the native processor 27. These converted instructions may be cached such that a faster conversion can be accomplished. Not withstanding, the emulation software must maintain the architecture rules of the emulated processor architecture so as to assure operating systems and applications written for the emulated processor operate correctly. Furthermore the emulation software must provide resources identified by the emulated processor 1 architecture including, but not limited to control registers, general purpose registers, floating point registers, dynamic address translation function including segment tables and page tables for example, interrupt mechanisms, context switch mechanisms, Time of Day (TOD) clocks and architected interfaces to I/O subsystems such that an operating system or an application program designed to run on the emulated processor, can be run on the native processor having the emulation software.
A specific instruction being emulated may be decoded, and a subroutine called to perform the function of the individual instruction. An emulation software function 23 emulating a function of an emulated processor 1 may be implemented, for example, in a "C" subroutine or driver, or some other method of providing a driver for the specific hardware as will be within the skill of those in the art after understanding the description of the preferred embodiment. Various software and hardware emulation patents including, but not limited to U.S. Pat. No. 5,551,013 for a "MULTIPROCESSOR FOR HARDWARE EMULATION" of Beausoleil et al.; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,009,261 "PREPROCESSING OF STORED TARGET ROUTINES FOR EMULATING INCOMPATIBLE INSTRUCTIONS ON A TARGET PROCESSOR" of Scalzi et al; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,574,873 "DECODING GUEST INSTRUCTION TO DIRECTLY ACCESS EMULATION ROUTINES THAT EMULATE THE GUEST INSTRUCTIONS" of Davidian et al; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,308,255 "SYMMETRICAL MULTIPROCESSING BUS AND CHIPSET USED FOR COPROCESSOR SUPPORT ALLOWING NON-NATIVE CODE TO RUN IN A SYSTEM" of Gorishek et al; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,463,582 "DYNAMIC OPTIMIZING OBJECT CODE TRANSLATOR FOR ARCHITECTURE EMULATION AND DYNAMIC OPTIMIZING OBJECT CODE TRANSLATION METHOD" of Lethin et al; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,790,825 "METHOD FOR EMULATING GUEST INSTRUCTIONS ON A HOST COMPUTER THROUGH DYNAMIC RECOMPILATION OF HOST INSTRUCTIONS" of Eric Traut, each of which are incorporated by reference herein, and many others, illustrate the a variety of known ways to achieve emulation of an instruction format architected for a different machine for a target machine available to those skilled in the art, as well as those commercial software techniques used by those referenced above.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,953,520 "Address Translation Buffer for Data Processing System Emulation Mode", (Mallick) assigned to IBM, Filed Sep. 22, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference, teaches a processor and method of operating a processor which has a native instruction set and emulates instructions in a guest instruction set are described. According to the method, a series of guest instructions from the guest instruction set are stored in memory. The series includes a guest memory access instruction that indicates a guest logical address in guest address space. For each guest instruction in the series, a semantic routine of native instructions from the native instruction set may be stored in memory. The semantic routines, which utilize native addresses in native address space, can be executed in order to emulate the guest instructions. In response to receipt of the guest memory access instruction for emulation, the guest logical address may be translated into a guest real address, which may be thereafter translated into a native physical address. A semantic routine that emulates the guest memory access instruction may be then executed utilizing the native physical address.

Self initialized host cell spatially aware emulation of a computer instruction set


A high resolution contact lens structure increases the numerical aperture of a long working distance microscope, while correcting the chromatic and spherical aberrations generated at the surface between the lens structure and the cornea. The structure in one embodiment has a front plate element having two parallel flat lens surfaces. A first lens element has a flat first lens surface in contact with the plate, and a concave second surface. A second lens element has a convex first lens surface in contact with the concave second surface of the first lens element, and a convex second lens surface. The lens element thicknesses, lens surface radii and indices of dispersion and refraction of the lenses are selected to increase the numerical aperture of the microscope.

The present invention relates to a high resolution contact lens structure, for use with a long working distance microscope objective, for examining a cornea of an eye. Contact lens structures are sometimes referred to as dipping cones.
Within this application several publications are references by arabic numerals within parentheses. Full citations for these and other references may be found at the end of the specification immediately preceding the claims. The disclosures of all of these publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains.
High magnification, clinical microscopy of the cornea has been made practical by the use of optical elements that contact the surface (1), thereby establishing focus and damping involuntary lateral movements of the eye. Specular microscopes, used for examination of the endothelial cell layer of the cornea, make use of a so-called dipping cone made of a single piece of glass that attaches to the front of a long working distance microscope objective.
Generally, a dipping cone employs a flat front surface and a spherical rear surface that is concentric to the focal plane. This design increases the numerical aperture ("NA") of the system by a factor equal to the refractive index of the cone material, typically 1.52 to 1.65. The aberrations introduced are negligible for low NA systems, typically NA 0.35. However, dipping cones of this design cannot be used at higher NA because of aberrations introduced at the plane front surface. While an NA of 0.35 is sufficient for endothelial and superficial epithelial cell examinations, a higher resolution is desirable for studies of detail within the stroma (the central layer of the cornea), cell boundaries within the epithelial cell layer, nerves in the cornea, etc.
For examination of subtle corneal detail it is also necessary to utilize optical sectioning, in order to reject scattered and reflected light from levels other than the plane of interest. This has been accomplished by scanning slits(2,3) and more recently by the tandem scanning microscope that utilizes arrays of pinhole apertures(4). Sources of reflection and scattered light that can contribute stray light to the image include reflection from the interface between the cornea and the contact element, and even reflections from the endothelial cell layer when the posterior stroma is being examined. Furthermore, out-of-focus cells (keratocytes) in the cornea can produce an undesirable blurred background that can obscure the details of in-focus keratocytes.

High resolution contact lens structure in combination with a microscope objective

The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York


An alarm device configured to monitor retail merchandise on a retail pusher system is provided. The alarm device includes a triggering mechanism that activates an alarm when retail merchandise is removed from the retail pusher system. The alarm makes store personnel aware that retail merchandise has been removed from a particular pusher system. In certain embodiments of the invention, the alarm device is disposed on a front stop of the retail pusher system. A biasing member of the pusher system biases retail merchandise into a switch of the alarm device. In this configuration, the alarm device may include a plunger switch that activates an alarm when retail merchandise is not biased into the plunger switch.

Theft is a large problem in the retail industry. To combat theft of merchandise, the retail industry has utilized many products, such as alarming fixtures, Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS) tag systems, and locking mechanisms used to secure items.
Traditional alarming systems will activate an alarm to warn employees when a product has been removed from a display. As such, when a legitimate customer would like to purchase merchandise protected by these traditional alarm systems, it requires a store clerk to unlock the merchandise from the display protected by the alarming system. This type of retail theft deterrent is similar to a simple locking fixture, which merely secures the merchandise to the display. Both the alarming system and the locking fixture require a customer to first ask a store clerk to remove the merchandise from the display prior to purchasing the merchandise. Research in the retail industry has shown that merchandise that requires a store clerk to retrieve causes a gradual loss in sales.
An EAS tag system is used in conjunction with a gate, usually at the exit of the retail store. These systems typically require that each item of retail merchandise be fixed with a tag that will cause an alarm to activate if the merchandise is moved beyond the gate. Therefore, a store clerk will need to remove the tag subsequent to the customers purchasing the merchandise. The requirement for each retail merchandise item to be tagged means that many tags will need to be used, which will cut into the overhead cost of operating a retail store. Further, the store clerk will need to take the additional time to remove the tag that could be used to service other customers.
A pusher system is a popular device used to "face" merchandise, i.e. bias the merchandise to the leading edge of a retail shelf. A general description of a typical pusher system may be found at U.S. Pat. App. Pub. No. 2007/0267364 A1, the teachings and disclosure of which are hereinafter incorporated by reference.
A typical pusher system contains merchandise in an organized line or row. As a front most item is removed, a pusher of the pusher system biases the entire line or row forward such that the next item in the line or row, now the front most item is biased forward until it engages a stop of the pusher system that prevents further movement of the row.
Utilizing an alarming fixture, an EAS tag system, or a locking system on a pusher system retail display is inconvenient for the same reasons discussed above. Therefore, what is needed is a pusher system with an alarming system that does not require a store clerk to remove the merchandise from the display or remove a tag affixed to the merchandise prior to a customer purchasing said merchandise.
The invention provides such an alarming pusher system. These and other advantages of the invention, as well as additional inventive features, will be apparent from the description of the invention provided herein.


A dual-driving one-way rotational device includes: a body part; a clutch bearing part configured to guide the rotation of the body part in one direction; a knob part configured to be rotated in one direction in the state of being connected to an object to be rotated or to prevent the body part from being rotated together when the object to be rotated and the clutch bearing part are rotated in the same direction; a manual rotation lever installed on the body part; and a power transmission shaft coupled to the knob part, and configured to transfer the power of a power source. The knob part includes a rotation portion and a head portion. A spiral is formed on the inner circumferences of the rotation portion and the head portion. The power transmission shaft has the outer circumference on which a spiral is formed.

Fishing reels may be classified into manual reels configured to allow a fishing line to be wound as a user rotates a manual operation lever coupled to the shaft of a spool and electric reels configured to allow a fishing line to be wound as a spool is rotated by the driving of a drive motor installed inside a reel body.
Furthermore, in general, manual reels are used on coasts where the depth thereof is not deep. When users do fishing on ships targeting fish species living in the deep water, electric reels are generally used.
Therefore, for those who enjoy both coastal fishing and onboard fishing, both manual and electric reels must be provided. In this case, a problem arises in that large reel purchase expenses are incurred. When manual reels are used in the deep water, users experience less fatigue when submerging a fishing hook in the deep water but suffer from significant physical fatigue and may inadvertently injure themselves when raising it in the fishing genre where users frequently unwind and rewind a fishing line.
Electric reels are a way to overcome these problems. Although electric reels have various functions such as a depth check function and a shipboard function, it is not an exaggeration to say that the main function thereof is the rotation function of winding up an object in the deep water.
They utilize the power of a motor to reduce physical power, but this also has absurdity.
Manual reels have all requirements for their functions, and are intended to obtain that power through physical strength. In order to obtain the power using a motor, the motor must also be inserted into the manual reel, and various combinations including gear devices must be combined in a single body to rotate the motor.
Accordingly, a manual reel's own weight becomes heavier, and thus another physical fatigue is felt to lift it by hand. Furthermore, since many parts are included for this assembly, the price of products must be set considerably high, so that the burden is bound to come to consumers.
Additionally, in general, a manual reel and an electric reel may be selectively replaced and used, but this incurs a problem of inconvenience in that a user must directly replace it according to the fishing location.

Dual-driving one-way rotational device and reel including same


A compost turner including a rotatable mandrel supported by a shaft and at least one bearing includes a guard for reducing the tendency of polymeric garbage bags to wrap around the mandrel shaft and foul the bearing. The guard includes stationary cutting members mounted to a bearing support and rotating cutting members mounted to the mandrel which interact with the stationary guard members to shred garbage bags into harmless pieces.

This invention relates to bearing guards The invention is especially adapted for guarding the bearing of a rotating mandrel of a compost turner, or aerator, from entanglement by polymeric bags used to haul leaves, grass clippings and the like.
A problem of immense proportion in the United States and throughout the world is the dwindling availability of landfill sites. Up to 40% of the volume of landfills, depending on the time of the year, is occupied by yard waste such as leaves, grass clippings and the like. One solution is to recycle such waste by converting it to topsoil through composting. Composting utilizes naturally occurring organisms to convert dead plant matter into a form that growing plants can use again. In order to be commercially feasible, it is necessary to process large volumes of yard waste in the least possible time. One method under consideration includes the arranging of yard waste in long piles known as windrows. The windrows must be occasionally churned to maintain the proper composition, temperature, moisture and oxygen levels. The internal temperature of the windrow must be maintained between 100 and 140.degree. F. for rapid decomposition.
Compost turners, or aerators, have been developed for churning the windrows. One problem that has developed is that yard waste is often received by municipalities in polyethylene bags, commonly known as garbage bags. Such bags have a tendency to wrap around the shaft of the turning mandrel and foul its support bearing, significantly reducing the bearings' useful life.


The invention consists of an optical hydrophone, an optical fiber element forming a laser cavity, housed in a mechanical structure which comprises an open cylindrical rigid body, defining the cavity enclosing a fluid and in which the optical fiber element is housed, and closed at its ends by two end caps which keep the optical fiber element permanently under tension, in a longitudinal rectilinear position inside the cavity. The end caps are configured in such a way that when the exterior pressure varies, they undergo a deformation giving rise to a variation in the length of the optical fiber element and that when the temperature varies, they undergo a deformation giving rise to a variation in the length of the optical fiber element which compensates for that induced on this element by the temperature variation. The mechanical structure furthermore exhibits one or more orifices allowing equilibration of the static pressures.

As regards the production of underwater acoustic transducers, the use of optical fibers is a known solution which exhibits recognized advantages which include firstly the small bulk of a hydrophone produced using such technology, as well as the possibility of producing an assemblage of hydrophones on the basis of one and the same fiber by multiplexing on this same fiber the pressure variation information detected by the various hydrophones forming this assemblage, each hydrophone being associated with a given wavelength.
However, in order to obtain sensitivity sufficient to be capable of listening to a very low level of acoustic signal, typically a level below sea state noise 0, on the Knudsen scale, it is known that it is necessary to amplify the deformation of the optical fiber induced by the pressure wave by means of an appropriate acousto-mechanical device.
There currently exist two main classes of optical fiber hydrophones capable of listening to a noise level below sea state noise 0 and therefore potentially usable in hydrophone arrays or in antennas using hydrophones for underwater applications: optical fiber coil interferometric hydrophones and optical fiber laser cavity hydrophones.
In optical fiber coil interferometric hydrophones, the optical quantity measured is the optical phase variation aggregated over the total length of an optical fiber (20 to 100 m typically), coiled on a compliant mandrel configured in such a way that its diameter varies under the effect of the acoustic pressure to be measured, thereby inducing a dynamic variation in the length of the optical fiber wound thereon, an air mandrel for example.
The dynamic variation in the length of the optical fiber is manifested by a variation in the phase of the signal transported by the fiber. Thus, for a standard single-mode silica optical fiber, it may be shown that the relative variation of the phase of the signal is equal to about 0.78 times the relative deformation of the length of the fiber. This phase variation may be measured with the necessary precision by placing the hydrophone in the arm of an unbalanced optical fiber interferometer of Michelson type for example.
This type of hydrophone exhibits the main drawback of not being able to be sufficiently miniaturized. Indeed, in order to transmit the information relating to the pressure measurements carried out by each hydrophone constituting an array, various interrogation and multiplexing techniques well known to the person skilled in the art may be implemented. Their object is to make it possible to link, with the aid of a single optical fiber, all the associated hydrophones within one and the same array to the system charged with utilizing these measurements. However, the multiplexing on a single optical fiber of a large number of hydrophones requires that their insertion losses along the optical fiber be low, typically less than 1 dB. This implies that, in each hydrophone, the optical fiber is coiled on a mandrel exhibiting a minimum diameter, so as to limit to the minimum the losses related to the curvature of the fiber. Now, even by using microstructured optical fibers with a very low admissible radius of curvature (Fiber for FTTH applications), good performance in terms of sensitivity and insertion loss are difficult to achieve with a winding diameter of substantially less than 15 or 20 mm.
Moreover, insofar as each hydrophone constituting the array measures a simple pressure value, it is necessary to introduce into the hydrophone array, one or more optical fiber coil reference sensors, not subjected to the acoustic pressure, so as to circumvent by subtraction the variations in the intrinsic sensitivity of the optical fiber coil to static pressure and to temperature. This procedure exhibits the drawback of having to add further sensors and of limiting the domain of use of the hydrophone in immersion (limited dynamic range of the sensor).
Optical fiber laser cavity hydrophones make it possible to produce hydrophones of high sensitivity, that is to say capable of listening to low-level sea noise. Their implementation makes it possible to employ techniques of coherent optical processing to precisely measure the frequency variations of the optical signal conveyed by the fiber. Such a variation is here consequent upon the reception of an acoustic signal by a Bragg grating inscribed in an active optical fiber, an Erbium or Erbium/Yttrium doped optical fiber for emission around 1.5 μm for example.
In a known manner a Bragg grating includes, in proximity to its center, a phase jump of substantially equal to Tr so as to constitute a monofrequency laser cavity, the optical pumping of the cavity being achieved by way of a diode (pumping diode) which may be sited remotely a long distance away via a standard optical fiber. The emission frequency of the laser cavity thus constituted depends on the spacing of the Bragg grating and the central phase of the phase shift. Therefore, if the laser cavity is uniformly deformed, the emission frequency of the laser will vary in the same proportions with a coefficient of 0.78 related to the elasto-optical properties of the silica constituting the fiber.
It is thus possible to wavelength multiplex several hydrophones having laser cavities exhibiting different operating wavelengths, lying in the amplifying band of the doping material of the active optical fiber: about 40 hydrophones, for example, in the case of an Erbium doped fiber, for wavelengths lying on the 100 GHz ITU grid of band C of Erbium.
However, the axial deformation induced by an acoustic pressure applied directly to the external surface of the laser cavity is not sufficient to obtain hydrophone sensitivity compatible with a level of less than sea state noise 0, having regard to the PSD (power spectral density) of the intrinsic noise of the laser (of the order of 20 Hz/√{square root over (Hz)} to 1 kHz) which limits the noise of the interrogation system. It is indeed possible to show that it is necessary to have a hydrophone sensitivity of greater than at least 100 or 110 dB Hz/Pa in order to be capable of listening to a sea state noise 0 on the Knudsen scale in a band of about 10 Hz to 10 kHz.
Therefore, it is necessary to amplify the deformation of the cavity induced by the acoustic pressure by means of an acousto-mechanical device. Having regard to the intrinsic sensitivity of the laser cavity to a deformation the objective to be achieved for the acousto-mechanical device is of the order of a nanostrain/Pa with a stable response in a broad frequency band. Several known configurations make it possible to achieve these values. Nonetheless, in all these configurations the hydrophone retains an intrinsic sensitivity to temperature at least equal to that of the laser cavity together with sensitivity to static pressure, without being associated with a voluminous hydrostatic filter.
Thus, in the current state of the prior art, no technical solution belonging to one or the other of these two classes makes it possible to ensure, in an intrinsic manner, the insensitivity of an optical fiber hydrophone to variations in static pressure and to variations in temperature. Now, the operation of a hydrophone under varied environmental conditions (variation of immersion and of temperature, acceleration), is actually possible only if its behavior is actually independent of immersion depth, stated otherwise of static pressure, of temperature and of accelerations.
Moreover, in the case of arrays of sensors it is also very important to have acoustic sensors exhibiting stable interrogation wavelengths, so as to be able to access the various sensors via a single optical fiber by multiplexing and to carry out the wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing of the information regarding pressure transmitted by the various sensors by simply using optical fiber passive components.

All-optical hydrophone insensitive to temperature and to static pressure


A memory including an array of memory cells, word lines, and voltage supply lines. Each voltage supply line of the plurality of voltage supply lines is coupled to a first voltage supply terminal of a subset of memory cells of subsets of memory cells of the array. Each memory cell of the array is coupled to a word line. The memory includes a row decoder that controls a voltage on each of the word lines and controls a voltage on each of the voltage supply lines. The row decoder provides a low voltage state voltage on one of the voltage supply lines during a write operation to a subset of memory cells coupled to the voltage supply line and the row decoder provides a high voltage state voltage to the voltage supply line during a read operation of the subset of the memory cells.

1. Field
This disclosure relates generally to semiconductor devices, and more specifically, to static random access memory (SRAM) having an improved write operation.
2. Related Art
Static random access memories (SRAMs) are generally used in applications requiring high speed, such as memory in a data processing system. Each SRAM cell stores one bit of data and is implemented as a pair of cross-coupled inverters. The SRAM cell is only stable in one of two possible voltage levels. The logic state of the cell is determined by whichever of the two inverter outputs is a logic high, and can be made to change states by applying a voltage of sufficient magnitude and duration to the appropriate cell input. The stability of a SRAM cell is an important issue. The SRAM cell must be stable against transients, process variations, soft errors, and power supply fluctuations which may cause the cell to inadvertently change logic states. Also, the SRAM cell should ideally provide good stability during read operations without harming speed and write operations without harming the ability to write to the cell.
A two-port SRAM cell has write and read word lines. A read port of the SRAM cell may include a pair of series-connected MOS (metal-oxide semiconductor) transistors coupled between a power supply terminal and a read bit line. A gate of one transistor is coupled to a storage node of the cell and the gate of the other transistor is connected to the read word line. Using a separate read port in this manner provides the advantage of having little or no adverse effect on cell read stability or the read margin.
Low voltage operation is becoming more common for SRAM in portable applications. Today, power supply voltages for an active memory cycle may be in the range of one volt or less. Providing a low voltage SRAM with adequate write margins and with good read stability may be difficult and usually comes at the expense of lower read and write performance.
Therefore, there is a need for a SRAM having improved write margins at low power supply voltages without decreasing cell stability.


A method for managing data streams for similar content on multiple client devices includes receiving a new request for content from a server provider. In response to determining there is an existing request associated with an existing data stream for the content from the server provider, the method includes blocking the new request. The method also includes receiving the existing data stream from the service provider for the content via an external network and performing a stream computation for the existing data stream to provide a first data stream for the existing request for the content and a second data stream for the new request for the content. The method also includes sending the first data stream for the existing request for the content to a first client device and the second data stream for the new request for the content to a second client device, via a local network.

This disclosure relates generally to managing data streams, and in particular to managing data streams for similar content on multiple client devices.
A content delivery network, often referred to as a content distribution network (CDN), is a distributed network of proxy server and associated data centers based on geographical locations. CDNs accelerate access to web content for a device associated with a user by placing distribution servers closer to a location of the device and reducing latency as the user attempts to access a webpage or stream content on the device. Typically, it is common to have multiple users with multiple associated devices consuming similar web content through the CDN, ranging from a professional web conference to a live stream of an event. The similar web content is delivered to the multiple associated devices through multiple streams, increasing network traffic in the delivery of the web content to the multiple users.


A process and apparatus for injection molding of injection molded parts of plasticized material, in particular plasticized liquid crystal polymers, in which the plasticized material is injected into the mold cavity of a closed injection mold having at least two spaced apart infeed gates, separate plastification and injection devices being associated with each of the gates. The plasticized material may be further injected into the mold cavity to compensate for any shrinkage during cooling of the molded material. Injection is carried out by at least one of the devices which causes the material to flow into the cavity via one of the gates associated therewith for filling the cavity and causing the material to partially flow from the cavity via the other of the gates in the direction of the other of the devices associated therewith.

This invention relates to a process and apparatus for injection molding of injection molded parts of plasticized material, in particular plasticized liquid crystal polymers, wherein the plasticized material is injected into the mold cavity of a closed injection mold having at least two spaced apart infeed gates each associated with a plastification and injection device. Any shrinkage that occurs during the cooling of the injection molded parts can be compensated by further injection of the material.
The plasticized material referred to herein includes conventional plasticized thermoplastic material, granulated mixtures of isocyanate and a polyol, unburned ceramic compounds with added organic lubricants, elastomers, reinforced plastic material having added glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal powder, etc., that are completely reacted into polyurethane.
In accordance with current procedures for injection molding of injection molded parts of plasticized material, such material is extruded via an infeed gate into the mold cavity of a closed injection mold, and the shrinkage of the molded part that occurs upon cooling is compensated by the additional injection of plasticized material. And, injection molded parts can be molded of different plastic materials through multi-component injection.
Depending on the geometry, dimensions and wall thickness of the injection molded part during extrusion of the plasticized material into the closed injection mold, considerable injection pressures are required to produce fault-free injection molded parts. Correspondingly high mold locking pressures are therefore necessary to prevent the injection mold from inadvertently opening.
Currently it has been the practice to essentially direct attention to controlling and regulating the flow of the injection process in order to produce fault free, dimensionally stable and dimensionally accurate injection molded parts. A targeted flow of plasticized material into the mold cavity for a preset orientation of, for example, neutral fibers to effect optimum mechanical strength or loadability of the injection molded parts has up until now not been made possible.
From other fields of engineering of, for example, forged parts, it is known how to effect optimum strength or loadability of workpieces by correspondingly presetting the fiber orientation.

Process for injection molding of injection molded parts of plasticized liquid crystal polymer material


An electronic device test apparatus for testing IC chips (IC) by pushing their input/output terminals (HB) against contact units of a test head, provided with an IC moving system (410) for picking up and moving an IC chip (IC) at the front surface where input/output terminals (HB) are led out, a first camera for capturing an image of the front surface of an IC chip (IC) before being picked up, a second camera for capturing an image of a back surface of an IC chip (IC) after being picked up, and an image processing system for calculating the position of input/output terminals (HB) of an IC chip (IC) picked up by the IC moving system (410) from the image information captured by the first camera and second camera and identifying the relative position of the IC chip (IC) picked up by the IC moving system (410) with respect to a contact unit based on the results of calculation, wherein the IC moving system (410) corrects the position of the IC chip based on the relative position of the input/output terminals (HB) of the IC chip (IC) with respect to the contact unit identified by the image processing system.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electronic device test apparatus for testing semiconductor integrated circuit devices and various other electronic devices (hereinafter also referred to representatively as "IC chips"), more particularly relates to an electronic device test apparatus enabling a large number of types of electronic devices under test ("DUTs") to be easily handled.
2. Description of the Related Art
In an IC test apparatus (electronic device test apparatus) called a "handler", a large number of IC chips stored on a tray are conveyed inside the handler, the IC chips are brought into electrical contact with a test head, and the electronic device test apparatus unit (hereinafter, also referred to as a "tester") is made to conduct the tests. Further, after the tests are completed, the IC chips are ejected from the test head and transferred onto a tray in accordance with the test results to thereby separate the chips into good ones and defective ones.
In general, in an electronic device test apparatus for testing memory IC chips, which require a relatively long test time (hereinafter, also referred to as "memory ICs") (hereinafter, also referred to as a "memory IC test apparatus"), a larger number of IC chips are transferred before and after the tests between trays storing before-test/after-test IC chips (hereinafter, also referred to as "customer trays") and trays conveyed circulated within the electronic device test apparatus (hereinafter, also referred to as "test trays"). The IC chips are passed through chambers of high temperature or low temperature environments where they are subjected to high temperatures or low temperatures of −55 to 150° C. or so and are simultaneously pushed against the test head for testing in the state placed on the test trays.
As a test tray used in such a memory IC test apparatus, one is known which is provided with a plurality of inserts for holding the IC chips and inserts guide pins provided at contact units of the test head into guide holes formed at the inserts when pushing the IC chips against the test head so as to accurately position the input/output terminals of the IC chips and the contact pins of the contact units to thereby prevent poor contact at the time of tests (for example, see Japanese Patent Publication (A) No. 2001-33519).
However, the inserts provided at such a test tray are designed to constrain the movement of the IC chips based on the outside shapes of the IC chips, that is, are dedicated units designed for the outside shapes of specific types of IC chips. It is therefore necessary to prepare in advance test trays provided with inserts corresponding to the specific types of IC chips and necessary to exchange the test trays with ones designed to handle the types of the IC chips being tested each time the types of the IC chips under test change. Therefore, in a memory IC test apparatus using such test trays, the exchange time when changing types of IC chips cannot be shortened. In particular, it is not possible to increase the efficiency of tests when testing small amounts of a variety of types of devices.
As opposed to this, as a memory IC test apparatus able to easily handle a large variety of types of IC chips, one which employs a test plate having substantially smooth holding surfaces in place of such test trays and uses these smooth holding surfaces to hold the back surfaces of the IC chips where input/output terminals are not led out may be considered. Due to this, it would be possible to hold IC chips without regard as to the outside shapes of the IC chips, so there would no longer be a need to prepare test trays for specific types of IC chips and exchange of trays at the time of changing types of IC chips tested would become unnecessary. This could therefore be an effective means for realizing a memory IC test apparatus able to easily handle a large variety of types of IC chips.
On the other hand, as an electronic device test apparatus for logic IC chips, where the test times are shorter than with memory ICs (hereinafter, also referred to as a "logic IC test apparatus"), one is known which does not use the above test trays, but uses a CCD camera and an image processing system etc. to compute the relative position of an IC chip with respect to a contact unit and positions that IC chip relative to it by a moving means with a high precision based on the results of computation. This enables poor contact at the time of testing to be prevented without regard as to the outside shapes of the IC chips (for example, see WO03/075023 pamphlet).
The method of using this image processing enables high precision positioning of the IC chips allowing even variation in the relative positions of the input/output terminals with respect to the outside shapes of the IC chips arising in the production process, it it may be considered effective to apply this to a memory IC test apparatus using the above test plate so as to prevent poor contact. However, in having holding surfaces of the test plate hold the back surfaces of IC chips where input/output terminals are not led out, the moving means has to pick up the front surfaces of the IC chips where the input/output terminals are led out, so the moving means becomes an obstacle when the CCD camera captures images of them, it is difficult to accurately capture image of the input/output terminals of the IC chips, high precision positioning of the IC chips is not possible, and poor contact cannot be sufficiently prevented. This is particularly true in ultra small IC chips such as the recent flash memories.


A process for the production of nitrosyl fluoride from nitrite and hydrogen fluoride. Nitrite solids and hydrogen fluoride are separately introduced and blended into nitrosyl fluoride so as to form a reaction mixture within which the nitrite and the hydrogen fluoride react to produce additional nitrosyl fluoride. The hydrogen fluoride is introduced into the reaction mixture spaced away from where the nitrite is introduced into the reaction mixture so that the hydrogen fluoride and the nitrite separately mix into the nitrosyl fluoride and are diluted therein before mixing with each other, thereby avoiding a violent reaction between the hydrogen fluoride and the nitrite.

Various methods have been used to form nitrosyl fluoride (NOF). One known method is to add a nitrite directly to an amine solution in hydrogen fluoride (HF). The direct addition of the nitrite to the HF solution of amine triggers a highly exothermic reaction which involves the formation of an unstable intermediate diazonium salt. Such salts are prone to decompose in a runaway reaction, producing safety hazards
Attempts have also been made at producing NOF as a separate solution. The proposed processes have not proven satisfactory, as they generally fail to implement specific design provisions to deal with yield and operational problems, and generally have been performed as a batch procedure. The typical batch makeup of NOF in HF is very exothermic. Local hotspots often account for yield losses of 3% or more, and as the volatile product of the nitrite and HF becomes a concentrated solution, the conversion by-products can contribute to high corrosion rates of the equipment used in the reaction.
When NOF solution is produced by typical batch methods, the addition of nitrite solids to anhydrous HF can generate a substantial amount of HF vapor. This HF vapor alters the material balance of the components and makes further processing difficult. Thus, vapor loss control equipment is needed under these circumstances to capture the HF released and prevent alteration of the material balance.
Typical batch processes for the production of NOF proceed by the incremental addition of nitrite to HF. Thus, there generally is no steady-state reaction mixture with the result that the reaction environment is continuously varying. In turn, this produces safety and containment engineering problems, the solutions of which have proven difficult and expensive.
Therefore a need exists for an alternative method of producing NOF which is safer to use, permits higher yields, improves process control, and reduces by-product corrosivity problems.