Methods, systems, devices, and tangible non-transitory computer readable media for route planning are provided. The disclosed technology can include accessing user interface data that includes states of interface elements associated with a user interface. Further, the state of the user interface can be determined based at least in part on the user interface data. The state of the user interface can include functionalities of the interface elements. The interface elements can be mapped to simplified user interface elements on the based at least in part on the functionalities of the interface elements. Furthermore, a simplified user interface can be generated based at least in part on the simplified user interface elements. The simplified user interface elements can be configured to perform operations associated with the functionalities of the interface elements.

Applications, including software applications, can be implemented on a variety of computing devices (e.g., smartphones, tablet computing devices, or wearable computing devices). These applications can perform a variety of functions and can include a user interface that allows a user to interact with the application and perform operations including controlling certain aspects of the application. However, applications and the way in which the applications are used can change over time, which may create a need for different ways of interacting with the applications. Further, certain users may find certain user interfaces confusing, cluttered, or otherwise too complex to permit intuitive, convenient, and/or useful interaction between the user and the interface. Accordingly, there exists a demand for a more effective way of interacting with an application, and in particular a need for a more effective user interface that facilitates user interaction with the application.


This application relates an adapter device for tablet computer. This adapter device comprises a stylus and an adapter for fixing the stylus onto the tablet computer. The adapter is comprised of a buckling part and a plug-in part, wherein the buckling part is configured to fix the stylus and the plug-in part is plugged into an interface port of the tablet computer. The stylus can be attached onto the tablet computer by the adapter so as to bring convenience for user to achieve and improve accuracy of input. It also provides convenient means for stylus storage to prevent the stylus from loss.

Touch control tablet computer is a computer device which receives input from finger tap or other touch gestures. Most of the tablet computers are not equipped with a stylus, but many daily activities such as signaturing, drawing and Chinese characters input could be more convenient and precise by utilizing a stylus when compare to finger input.


An offset nose assembly for installing fasteners is provided that generally includes a drawbar, a swage anvil and a collet. The drawbar has three portions with the third portion transitioning from the second portion by a chamfer, the chamfer being of a preselected angle that is adapted to positively engage a chamfer of a preselected angle of a piston of a fastener installation tool. Additionally, a generally L-shaped guard assembly is provided that is disposed on the collet to cover a gap defined between the collet and the swage anvil. Also, a deflector is provided that is attached to a nut that is threadedly engaged with the rearward end of a bore in the collet, the deflector having a section of a uniform constant outside diameter that integrally transitions to a section that has an outside diameter that gradually lessens along its length.

This invention relates to a fastener installation tool and more particularly to a fastener installation tool having an offset nose assembly with an improved deflector and guard assemblies.
Fastener installation tools having offset nose assemblies are used to provide access to multi-pieced fasteners located between closely spaced workpieces or within small clearance spaces. Installation tools and related nose assemblies are utilized in conjunction with a hydraulic pressure source for installing multi-pieced fasteners by applying a relative axial pulling force, for example, between a pin or mandrel and a collar or sleeve. A lockbolt or swage type fastener is an example of a multi-piece fastener that has a pin and collar adapted to be set with the relative axial pulling force of an installation tool. A blind type fastener is another example of a multi-piece fastener that has a pin and a sleeve adapted to be set with the relative axial pulling force of an installation tool. With both the lockbolt and blind type fasteners, the pin has an elongated shank provided with a pintail or pull portion having a plurality of pull grooves adapted to be gripped by a plurality of chuck jaws in the nose assembly. In the deactuated condition, the chuck jaws will be normally held open to facilitate insertion of the pintail portion into the aperture defined by the opened chuck jaws as well as ejection after the fastener has been set. During actuation of the tool with the pintail portion located in the nose assembly, the chuck jaws will be moved to a closed condition for engagement with the pull grooves whereby the pull grooves will be gripped by the chuck jaws.
A swage anvil is adapted to engage the collar or sleeve, depending upon the type of fastener, and, upon actuation of the tool and with the chuck jaws gripping the pintail portion of the pin shank, as noted, a relative axial pulling force is then applied between the collar or sleeve and pin of the fastener by way of the relative axial force between the chuck jaws and the swage anvil. Typically, the pin or mandrel is provided with a weakened portion or breakneck groove which is located on the pin shank between the pull or pintail portion and the remainder of the shank and is adapted to fracture at a preselected axial load, i.e. pin break load, after the fastener has been set. This results in an installed fastener having a generally flush structure with minimal or no pintail protrusion. In certain tools, the severed pintail portion is ejected rearwardly out through the back end of the tool. The offset nose assembly of the present invention is a tool that has severed pintails ejected from the rear of the offset nose assembly.
The magnitude of the pin break load required to fracture the breakneck groove, however, can result in the generation of a reaction load of significant magnitude. The magnitude of pin break load can be especially high with swage type fasteners since the breakneck groove must be of sufficient strength to withstand the high installation loads required for the swage anvil to swage the collar onto the pin. As a result, in hand held installation tools employing a construction for pass through or rearward ejection, the severed pintail portion could be ejected with a considerable force in the direction of the operator. As a result, it has been a common practice with such tools to utilize a pintail deflector made of an elastomeric material to absorb some of the force of the pintail portion and to deflect the pintail portion away from the operator.
An offset nose assembly may include, for example, a collet and a swage anvil for swaging a collar into the grooves of a fastener pin. In such designs, the swage cavity and first bore of the collet that is adapted to receive passage of severed pintails are radially offset from the axis of the piston which drives a drawbar against the collet. This arrangement allows the radially offset swage cavity to access the fastener pin and collar without interference from the other portions of the offset nose assembly and the fastener installation tool.
It is desirable for an offset nose assembly to be rotatable about the drawbar axis of the offset nose assembly. Such rotatability provides the offset nose assembly with greater access to fastener pins and collars located between closely spaced workpieces or within small clearance spaces. With rotatable offset nose assemblies, cam-out of the drawbar from the piston must be eliminated to avoid harm to the operator of the tool. In the prior art, a roll pin assembly was used to eliminate cam-out of the drawbar in a rotatable offset nose assembly. A roll pin passed through holes machined through the drawbar and collet that locked the drawbar and collet together. This locked construction eliminated cam-out of the drawbar in the prior art rotatable nose assembly. The roll pin would reciprocate back and forth in a slot machined in the swage anvil during use of the offset nose assembly. An example of this prior art assembly is shown in FIG. 5 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,796,455 to Rosier.
The present invention departs from the design of U.S. Pat. No. 4,796,455 by completely eliminating the roll pin approach. In the present invention, the drawbar of the offset nose assembly and the piston of the fastener installation tool are provided with chamfers that are complementary angles of one another that are positively engaged when the drawbar is threaded into the piston of the installation tool. The positive engagement between the drawbar and the piston eliminates cam-out of the drawbar from the piston. Such a design in an offset nose assembly eliminates the need of using the roll pin approach of U.S. Pat. No. 4,796,455. As can be appreciated, the present invention has efficiencies in the manufacture of the offset nose assembly with comparison to U.S. Pat. No. 4,796,455. In the present invention, the use of a roll pin is eliminated, holes do not need to be machined through the drawbar and collet to receive the roll pin and a slot does not need to be machined through the swage anvil. The design of the present invention has efficiencies in its manufacture over the prior art.
It is desirable to equip an offset nose assembly with a pintail deflector that deflects pintails that are severed from fastener pins during the process of swaging a collar into the grooves of a fastener pin. In the prior art, deflectors were often secured to the rear portion of the first bore of the collet with a retaining nut or screw that projected outwardly from the rear portion of the first bore. Additionally, the deflectors were relatively lengthy pieces of elastomeric material that also reduced the effective diameter of the passageway that ejected the severed pintail. With actuation of the tool, the collet would be driven rearwardly causing the retaining nut or screw and deflector to back into a workpiece. Backing into workpieces has the potential of causing damage to soft workpieces made of fragile composite materials. Damage to workpieces must always be minimized. An example of a prior art deflector can be seen in FIG. 1 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,615,206 to Rosier with reference to element 176. Furthermore, the reduction in size of the passageway for ejection of the pintail can lead to pintails being jammed within the passageway which must be removed from the tool in a time consuming process.
The present invention departs from the use of a projecting retaining nut or other such projecting affixation devices for securing relatively lengthy deflectors to the rear portion of the first bore of the collet. An acorn shaped deflector or frusto-conical shaped deflector that has a plurality of tapering beams adapted to deflect a severed pintail from a fastener is used. The deflector is made from a suitable elastomeric material and is thermally adhered or glued to a threaded nut which is threadedly engaged with the rear portion of the collet. The deflector is collapsible and the threaded nut is seated flush with the rear portion of the first bore of the collet. With actuation of the tool, the collet would be driven rearwardly causing the deflector to back into a workpiece which would collapse the deflector and the threaded nut would not engage the workpiece because it is seated flush. No damage can occur to the workpiece with the deflector of the present invention. Additionally, the manner in which the deflector is secured to the collet does not reduce the diameter of the passageway that ejects pintails so the risk of pintails lodging in the passageway is minimized as well.
It is desirable to equip an offset nose assembly with guard assemblies to minimize the pinch points in the offset nose assembly to avoid personal injury to the operator. Prior art guard assemblies are typically attached to the offset nose assembly with screws. Attaching the guard assemblies with screws is a time consuming process and the guard assemblies are easily removed to circumvent the safety features of the offset nose assembly. An example of a prior art deflector can be seen in FIG. 5 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,615,206 to Rosier with reference to element 175.
The present invention departs from the use of guard assemblies that are secured to the nose assembly with a screw. The guard assemblies of the present invention are provided with projections that are adapted to be received in dimples of the swage anvil and the collet. The guard assemblies are not easily removed from the offset nose assembly and are completely contained within the nose assembly envelope which adds to the safety of the present invention.
It is an object of the invention to minimize cam-out of a drawbar of an offset nose assembly from a piston of a fastener installation tool.
It is another object of the invention to provide a compact, fully collapsible deflector that minimizes damage to workpieces during operation of a fastener installation tool.
It is an additional object of the invention to provide guard assemblies that may be snapped onto an offset nose assembly to eliminate all pinch points on the nose assembly.
One object of the invention is achieved by providing an offset nose assembly that generally consists of a drawbar, a swage anvil and a collet. The drawbar has a first diameter portion, a second diameter portion, a third diameter portion and threads disposed at the rearward end of the drawbar. The first diameter portion has an enlarged bearing head and a diameter greater than the second diameter portion. The second diameter portion has a diameter greater than the third diameter portion and transitions from the first diameter portion by a shoulder. The third diameter portion transitions from the second diameter portion by a chamfer. The chamfer is of a preselected angle that is adapted to positively engage a chamfer of a preselected angle of a piston of a fastener installation tool. The swage anvil has a swage cavity and has a first aperture adapted to receive a portion of the first diameter portion of the drawbar. The collet has a first bore and a second bore. The first bore is adapted to receive a chuck jaw assembly for grippingly engaging fasteners. The second bore is adapted to receive the second diameter portion of the drawbar. The collet is slidably disposed within the swage anvil. In the offset nose assembly, the drawbar has a portion of the first diameter portion slidably disposed within the first aperture, the second diameter portion of the drawbar is slidably disposed within the second bore of the collet and the third diameter portion of the drawbar passes through the second aperture of the swage anvil.
Another object of the invention is achieved by providing an offset nose assembly with a deflector. The deflector is attached to a nut that is threadedly engaged with the rearward end of the first bore of the collet. The deflector has a section of a uniform constant outside diameter that integrally transitions to a section that has an outside diameter that gradually lessens along its length. The portion of gradually lessened outside diameter has a plurality of rearwardly extending tapering beams that are collapsible.
An additional object of the invention is achieved by providing the collet of an offset nose assembly with a generally L-shaped guard assembly. The guard assembly is adapted to cover a gap defined between the collet and the swage anvil. The collet has dimples on either side of the exterior surface of the collet and the guard assembly has opposing projections that are disposed in the dimples.

Offset nose assembly with improved deflector and guard assemblies


Provided are flexible containers for holding a concentrate, the containers comprising: a flexible body holding the concentrate, a spout, a filter element disposed in the spout, the filter element comprising a filter and an attachment element configured to attach to a water source. Also provided are methods of reconstituting concentrated products using the flexible containers.

Surfactant concentrates are well known in the art. Such concentrates are economical to ship to formulators who dilute the concentration with water or add the concentrates to cleaning compositions for use as a component of shampoos, cleansers, lotions, dishwasher or laundry detergents, etc. Food concentrates may also be dehydrated, shipped to a final destination, and then rehydrated prior to final use.
A recurring problem is that in some locations, such as developing countries or wilderness areas, water sources are often contaminated. In these cases, pretreatment or filtering of the contaminated water is required to decontaminate the water prior to reconstituting the consumer or food product.
There is therefore a desire to ship concentrated products to their final destination, and then, starting with water at the final destination, including in some cases contaminated water, reconstitute the product for consumer use.

Flexible container for concentrated product


The subject invention includes methods and plants for controlling lepidopteran insects, said plants comprising Cry1Ca insecticidal protein and a Cry1Ab insecticidal protein in combination to delay or prevent development of resistance by the insects.

Humans grow corn for food and energy applications. Humans also grow many other crops, including soybeans and cotton. Insects eat and damage plants and thereby undermine these human efforts. Billions of dollars are spent each year to control insect pests and additional billions are lost to the damage they inflict. Synthetic organic chemical insecticides have been the primary tools used to control insect pests but biological insecticides, such as the insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), have played an important role in some areas. The ability to produce insect-resistant plants through transformation with Bt insecticidal protein genes has revolutionized modern agriculture and heightened the importance and value of insecticidal proteins and their genes.
Several Bt proteins have been used to create the insect-resistant transgenic plants that have been successfully registered and commercialized to date. These include Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa and Cry3Bb in corn, Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in cotton, and Cry3A in potato.
The commercial products expressing these proteins express a single protein except in cases where the combined insecticidal spectrum of 2 proteins is desired (e.g, Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb in corn combined to provide resistance to lepidopteran pests and rootworm, respectively) or where the independent action of the proteins makes them useful as a tool for delaying the development of resistance in susceptible insect populations (e.g., Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in cotton combined to provide resistance management for tobacco budworm).
That is, some of the qualities of insect-resistant transgenic plants that have led to rapid and widespread adoption of this technology also give rise to the concern that pest populations will develop resistance to the insecticidal proteins produced by these plants.
Several strategies have been suggested for preserving the utility of Bt-based insect resistance traits which include deploying proteins at a high dose in combination with a refuge, and alternation with, or co-deployment of, different toxins (McGaughey et al. (1998), "B.t. Resistance Management," Nature Biotechnol. 16:144-146).
The proteins selected for use in an insect resistance management (IRM) stack need to exert their insecticidal effect independently so that resistance developed to one protein does not confer resistance to the second protein (i.e., there is not cross resistance to the proteins). If, for example, a pest population selected for resistance to "Protein A" is sensitive to "Protein B", one would conclude that there is not cross resistance and that a combination of Protein A and Protein B would be effective in delaying resistance to Protein A alone.
In the absence of resistant insect populations, assessments can be made based on other characteristics presumed to be related to mechanism of action and cross-resistance potential. The utility of receptor-mediated binding in identifying insecticidal proteins likely to not exhibit cross resistance has been suggested (van Mellaert et al. 1999). The key predictor of lack of cross resistance inherent in this approach is that the insecticidal proteins do not compete for receptors in a sensitive insect species.
In the event that two B.t. Cry toxins compete for the same receptor, then if that receptor mutates in that insect so that one of the toxins no longer binds to that receptor and thus is no longer insecticidal against the insect, it might also be the case that the insect will also be resistant to the second toxin (which competitively bound to the same receptor). However, if two toxins bind to two different receptors, this could be an indication that the insect would not be simultaneously resistant to those two toxins.
Cry1Ab is an insecticidal protein currently used in transgenic corn to protect plants from a variety of insect pests. A key pest of corn that Cry1Ab provides protection from is the European corn borer.
Additional Cry toxins are listed at the website of the official B.t. nomenclature committee (Crickmore et al.; lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/). See Appendix A, attached. There are currently nearly 60 main groups of "Cry" toxins (Cry1-Cry59), with additional Cyt toxins and VIP toxins and the like. Many of each numeric group have capital-letter subgroups, and the capital letter subgroups have lower-cased letter sub-subgroups. (Cry1 has A-L, and Cry1A has a-i, for example).

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Combined use of Cry1Ca and Cry1Ab proteins for insect resistance management


In a continuously variable speed transmission having a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic closed circuit hydraulically connecting the pump with the motor, a control apparatus has a slip sensor for detecting slip of the driving wheels and a hydraulic control apparatus for lowering hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic closed circuit in accordance with magnitude of the slip of the wheels in such a way that the driving force of the driving wheels is reduced so as to be less than a slip limit force, the slip of the driving wheels being increased when the driving force applied to the driving wheels exceeds the slip limit force.

The invention relates to a hydraulic continuously variable speed transmission composed of a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, and more particularly to a control apparatus for such variable speed transmission mounted on a vehicle.
There have been proposed various types of hydraulic continuously variable speed transmissions (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 56(1981)-95722); wherein the transmission comprises a constant displacement hydraulic pump driven by an engine and a variable displacement hydraulic motor driven by hydraulic pressure supplied through a hydraulic circuit from the hydraulic pump to transmit the rotation to the wheels. The transmissions are adapted to continuously vary the transmitted engine speed to the wheels by controlling the displacement of the hydraulic motors.
In such hydraulic continuously variable speed transmissions, the driving torque acting on the wheels depends on the hydraulic pressure generated in the hydraulic circuit and on the displacement of the hydraulic motor (i.e., the reduction ratio). This hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic circuit is limited only by a relief valve within a range below a given maximum pressure (relief hydraulic pressure). If the pressure is below this relief hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic circuit is determined in accordance with the driving load of the wheels.
Therefore, when for example, driving on a road having a low frictional coefficient, if the torque on a wheel exceeds the driving load (the gripping force of wheels) that is determined by the frictional coefficient between the road and the wheel, the wheel receiving that driving torque will slip and the driving (gripping) force thereof will be reduced, and as, a result, the vehicle will not be able to acquire necessary driving force or acceleration. This problem occurs not only in driving the wheels by the engine but also in decelerating the vehicle with engine braking.

Control apparatus for hydraulic continuously variable speed transmission


The biologically active food additive comprises hawthorn flowers and/or berries and/or leaves and royal jelly in the following ingredient ratio: from 10 mass % to 90 mass % of hawthorn; from 10 to 24 mass % of royal jelly; and from 0 mass % to 70 mass % of fillers. The additive is produced in powder, tablet or capsule form, or aqueous-alcoholic extract form. The complex system of biologically active substances contained in the proposed biologically active food additive not only exerts an effect on the entire cardiovascular system, but also reduces the causes of cardiovascular diseases and improves quality of life in old age by acting on the pathology of the human body. This long-acting agent for prophylaxis and planned health improvement has no contraindications or side effects even during long-term use (more than one year).

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to biologically active food additives (hereinafter referred to as BAA) and is intended for rendering preventive action on the cardiovascular system.
2. Description of Related Art
Known are therapeutic preparations in the form of herbal tea for treating patients suffering from various kinds of cardiovascular system disorders (RU 2000807, Herbal Tea "CORDIS" for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases"; RU 2019185, "Herbal Tea with a Sedative and Hypotensive Action"; RU 2020952, "Herbal Tea "Glaya", "Darya", "Elena" with a General Health-Improving and Antisclerotic Action"; RU 2088250, "Herbal Tea for Treating Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Disorder"; and RU 2104024, "Kasmin" Preparation for the Prevention and Treatment of Thromboses").
However, the above phytotherapeutic agents have a number of limitations. They belong to pharmaceuticals and therefore need to be prescribed and controlled by a physician, i.e., do not belong to preventive preparations having the status of the BAA.
They include a rather large number of components which, along with benefits arising from a versatile harmonic action on the body (Herbal Tea, Almaty, Kainar Publishers, 1991, 288 pp.), also imposes substantial constraints on the possibility to set up a wide-scale commercial production of such preparations. Therefore, multicomponent preparations often remain remedies of folk medicine.
By way of example, "Kasmin" according to RU 2104024, Oct. 2, 1998, belongs to such preparations. It contains Horse Chestnut seeds, root of Licorice, leaves of Peppermint or Lemon Balm, Hawthorne fruit, and Rosa fruit taken in a certain ratio and ground into 3-4 mm particles. The tea acts not only on the hemostatic system itself but also on the cardiovascular system as a whole, nervous system, lipid carbohydrate metabolism. It is administered to adults for the prevention and comprehensive treatment of thrombosis of various etiologies, thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic complications of myocardial infarction, embolic apoplexies and the like including, for the prevention of postoperative period thrombosis and also for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
The above herbal tea has a number of limitations, namely, it contains a large number of ingredients which, as noted above, presents certain organizational and technological difficulties for mass production.
The tea is intended for making an infusion dosage form so that the substances beneficial for the body are inevitably partly lost due to using only the liquid phase. In addition, it also involves a cumbersome process of preparing and inconvenience of administration for users.

Biologically active food additive for preventing cardiovascular diseases and reinforcing the cardiovascular system


A telescopic sign holder for mounting to a support surface comprises a first elongated member and a second elongated member including a longitudinal axis. The second elongated member is slidably mounted in relation to the first elongated member. An adjusting structure axially spaces the second elongated member relative to the first elongated member. The adjusting structure comprises a portion of at least one of the first and second elongated members. A support member is attached to the first elongated member and includes a mounting element which releasably secures the support member to the support surface. A display member is connected to the second elongated member for releasably holding a sign. The display member includes a longitudinal axis which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second elongated member.

The invention relates generally to sign holders. More particularly, the present invention relates to a point of purchase telescopic sign holder which provides information concerning a package or item located adjacent the sign holder.
Shelving structures and related display units for displaying merchandise are a common sight in any type of store or commercial establishment. The desire of any merchant is and always has been to draw a shopper's attention to the items the merchant is offering for sale.
Vertically extending pegboard surfaces are particularly effective for displaying small, high volume merchandise on hooks and other horizontally extending fasteners. Such pegboard display systems have long been popular with retail merchants. The pegboard support has a matrix of uniformly spaced holes that can receive product support devices such as display hooks or brackets. These display hooks have a mounting base including one or more hook shaped prongs which extend rearwardly of the mounting base and engage selected mounting holes in the matrix of holes formed in the pegboard support. When mounted at desired positions on the display surface, the display hooks project forwardly thereof to hold merchandise.
Of course, there are also a wide variety of known shelving displays as well. The merchandise displayed in each of these ways needs to have its price identified. This is generally done by sign holders. Sign holders can also be employed to indicate that a particular item is on sale, as well as for other purposes. A variety of differing sign holders and methods of attachment of those sign holders to support structures located adjacent the merchandise are known.
In a first type, a separate display hook and sign holder are mounted to a pegboard. The display hook has a mounting base and a support arm connected to the mounting base and extending forwardly of the front surface of the support panel. The sign holder has a mounting base, a display arm and an information display plate. The mounting base can be a plate which is thin enough to permit it to be interposed between the pegboard and the base of the display hook. The plate is also provided with engagement means for engaging the prongs of the display hook to prevent the sign holder from sliding down in relation to the display hook.
In another design, the sign holder has a mounting base with a prong which can be secured in an aperture of the support panel adjacent the location of the display hook. However, with different lengths of display hooks, different lengths of such conventional sign holders are also necessary. Generally, the display hooks can range from 10 to 14 inches. Therefore, a variety of sign holder lengths is necessary, one for each length of display hook. This is disadvantageous from the standpoint of the merchant who needs to replace the sign holder used every time a different length display hook is employed.
Another display hook and information display panel system includes a unitary arrangement in which the sign holder is of one piece with the display hook such that both elements are manufactured as a single plastic piece. Obviously with a unitary arrangement, there is no problem in matching the length of the sign holder to the length of the display hook.
An adjustable length sign holder is also known. This sign holder generally includes a plastic mounting base having a through socket in which a metal display arm may slide to adjust the length of the sign holder. However, this type of information display bracket demands that there be room behind the pegboard to accommodate whatever length of display arm extends through the pegboard. In addition, with this sign holder, there is no means provided to securely lock the display arm in the mounting base to prevent a sliding movement thereof.
Also known is an adjustable length guard assembly for a pegboard hook wherein the flexible guard is adapted to overlie the arm of the hook and a shield of the guard substantially encloses the outer end of the hook. The guard is formed by two slidable telescoping sections. The effective length of the guard can be changed to enable the guard to be used with hanger arms of different lengths. However, the known types of adjustable sign holders do not display a sign in a "flag" fashion, i.e., with the sign extending along, or in a plane approximately parallel to, a longitudinal axis of the sign holder.
Accordingly, it has been considered desirable to develop a new and improved adjustable length sign holder which would overcome the foregoing difficulties and others while providing better and more advantageous overall results.


The invention provides population models, methods, and algorithms for targeting a dosing regimen or compound selection to an individual patient. The methods and algorithms of the invention utilize population models that incorporate genotype information for genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes for one or more compounds of interest. The methods allow integration of genotype information for one or more genes encoding a drug metabolizing enzyme, particularly a cytochrome P450 gene with patient data. The methods allow integration of genotype information and the effect of one or more compounds on one or more drug metabolizing enzymes. The methods allow iterative feedback of drug metabolizing data obtained from a patient into the process of generating a dosage regimen recommendation for a compound of interest for an individual patient.

One of the most important but unresolved problems in therapy with potent and often toxic drugs has been the lack of our ability to describe, understand, and quantify the important mechanistic relationships and variability between drug doses, concentrations in blood, concentrations of metabolites in other body compartments, and the therapeutic and toxic drug effects. For the most part, defining drug action and inter-patient variability has been limited to simplistic, less informative descriptions of average maximum and minimum drug dose requirements that do not permit true individualization of therapy for each patient.
For some drugs over 90% of the measurable variation in selected pharmacokinetic parameters has been shown to be heritable. Traditionally in pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis a series of concentrations over time is measured. A structural model is defined and fit to the data in order to obtain estimates of the desired parameters such as clearance and volume of distribution. The model is fitted to the individual data by using a least squares algorithm that minimizes the difference between observed and the model predicted concentrations. For reasons of simplicity the assumption is made that differences between the observed and predicted concentrations are caused by random error. With this traditional type of analysis, a model is defined for each subject and the individual parameters are then summarized across individuals. However, imprecision in the sample mean and sample standard deviation frequently are greater than expected, while estimates of variability in these parameters are not well characterized.
The FDA is recognizing the importance of the genetic contribution to the inter-individual variation in response to therapy. There has been a significant increase in the number of new drug applications sent to the FDA containing pharmacogenetic information (Wendy Chou, Ph.D./FDA Apr. 3, 2003). Two package inserts reflect this trend. Thioridazine (Mellaril) which is used for neuropsychiatric conditions is contraindicated in patients who are CYP2D6 poor metabolizers; this warning is specifically stated in two places in the insert. Similarly in multiple places in the package insert for Atomoxetine (Strattera, a medication used for ADHD), the association between genetic polymorphisms in drug metabolism and adverse drug reactions is stated.
In certain ethnic groups as many as 10% of the adolescent population have a CYP2D6 haplotype that is associated with poor metabolism of many antidepressant medications. See Wong et al. (2001) Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore 29:401-406. Clinical genomic testing of these individuals has clear implications for their treatment and prognosis. In extreme cases, children who were poor metabolizers and who were not identified have had tragic outcomes. These negative case reports have included a reported death of a nine-year-old boy who was not recognized to be a poor CYP2D6 metabolizer. The treatment of this child with fluoxetine continued despite the development of multiple symptoms because these symptoms were not recognized as being related to his extremely high serum levels of fluoxetine. Sallee et al. (2000) J. Child Adol. Psychiatry 10(1):27-34.
Adverse drug reactions occur in 28% percent of hospitalized patients and in 17% percent of hospitalized children. In a report by Phillips in JAMA, 27 drugs were most frequently sited in adverse drug reaction reports. 59 percent (16/27) of these drugs were metabolized by at least one enzyme having a poor metabolizer genotype. 37 percent (11/27) were metabolized by CYP2D6, specifically drugs acting on the central nervous system. The annual cost of the morbidity and mortality associated with adverse drug reaction is $177,000,000 dollars (Year 2000 dollars). Clearly drug toxicity is a major health issue with 100,000 deaths a year and 2,000,000 persons suffering permanent disability or prolonged hospitalizations as a result of direct medication adverse reactions.
Although significant inter-individual variability exists in the response to most medications, medication selection and titration is usually empiric rather than individualized. The main reason that physicians do not incorporate genetic and non-heritable host factors responsible for this inter-individual variability into treatment plans is the lack of applicable, easy to use algorithms that translate the patient's characteristics into clinical recommendations. Thus there is a need in the art for a pharmacokinetic dose individualization technique that is informative, cost saving, and effective.

Optimization and individualization of medication selection and dosing


A flush toilet is disclosed. The flush toilet includes a bowl having a waste receiving surface, a drainage channel having an inlet connected to a bottom portion of the bowl for discharging waste, and a throat adjacent the waste receiving surface and aligned with the drainage channel The flush toilet also includes a first water cleansing jet for supplying cleansing water onto the waste receiving surface. The first water cleansing jet is disposed within the throat. The flush toilet also includes a second water cleansing jet for supplying cleansing water onto the waste receiving surface. The second water cleansing jet is also disposed within the throat, with the second water cleansing jet being offset from the first water cleansing jet.

Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to flush toilets and, more particularly, relates to flush toilets that utilize jets to emulsify and discharge waste.
Description of Related Art
Conventional flush toilets typically include a rim disposed at an upper edge portion of a bowl. The interior of the rim is often used as a water channel and the undersurface of the rim is formed with holes or slits for discharging cleansing water into the bowl and onto the waste receiving surface. Waste or other dirty matter often adheres to the undersurface of the rim as the cleansing water vortex does not typically reach the rim of the bowl.
Other conventional flush toilets include a single water spout provided at the rear of the bowl for providing jetted cleansing water from a region between the rim and the waste receiving surface. In these configurations, cleansing water is jetted from the water spout to form a vortex that carries the cleansing water over the waste receiving surface. In order to provide a sufficient volume of cleansing water to cover the waste receiving surface, the water spout typically includes a large diameter entrance into the bowl of the toilet. This results in significant drawbacks, as the large diameter entrance does not provide a sufficiently high water discharge pressure to form a water vortex in the bowl capable of fully removing waste from the waste receiving platform. A flush toilet utilizing a single water spout to jet cleansing water into the tank unavoidably experiences a decline in waterhead pressure during the supply of water from the tank of the toilet as the amount of water in the tank decreases as the flushing proceeds. When the waterhead pressure is increased to provide a vortex sufficient to cleanse the waste from the bowl, the amount of water jetted from the single spout increases to the point that the cleansing water is likely to spew out of the bowl. In addition, the single water spout toilet is likely to provide insufficient cleansing during the final stages of flushing as the water vortex does not sufficiently reach the outer portions of the bowl.
Accordingly, a need remains for a toilet design that eliminates the need for providing cleansing water holes within the rim of the bowl and also provides sufficient waterhead pressure to the waste receiving surface while maintaining the cleansing water within the bowl during a flush.

Toilet fixture with directional jet flow


An electronic device for processing digital data has an input for receiving data to be processed and processor means suitable for transforming the input data in non-falsifiable manner into a result condensed data block. The processor means tools that are simple and fast, such as arrays and logic operators, to provide an elementary anti-collision operation for use in condensing the digital data.

The person skilled in the art understands the term "condensation" to designate a non-falsifiable transformation of an initial digital data sequence into a resulting condensed digital data block. The term "condensed" can be explained by the fact that the resulting condensed digital data block is much shorter than the initial digital data sequence.
The transformation is said to be non-falsifiable (or anti-collision) when it is not possible in practice with the calculation means actually available to discover two different digital data sequences that lead to the same condensed block and thus, in particular, given a first digital data sequence, to find a second digital data sequence distinct from the first sequence and producing the same condensed block.
In general, the person skilled in the art uses the anti-collision property of the condensation transformation to protect the integrity of digital data, and in particular to detect anomalies (changes, inversions, omissions, or additions of digital data) that may be of accidental origin (hardware errors) or of deliberate origin (deliberate fraudulent manipulations) to which the digital data may be subject. For example, for computer files stored on some medium, the person skilled in the art calculates the condensed block of the computer file to be protected and stores said condensed block in non-volatile memory. Each time the computer file is reused, the person skilled in the art calculates its condensed block again and then compares it with the condensed block as previously stored. The result of the comparison serves in theory to determine whether anomalies exist in the computer file to be protected.
Digital data may also be condensed for the purpose of signing computer messages. In this case the message to be signed is initially condensed and then a signature function making use of a secret is applied to the condensed block.
At present, digital data condensing operations are performed on the basis of encrypting algorithms such as the "Data Encryption Standard" (DES) algorithm in which the one-way dependence property on the encryption key confers the anti-collision property to the operation of condensing digital data.
The drawback of such encryption algorithms is the slowness with which they are performed when implemented purely in software.
In the document "Design Principles For Hash Functions" by I. B. Damgard, Proceeding of Crypto 89, Aug. 1989, a solution is proposed for constructing a condensation function operating on a digital data sequence of arbitrary size on the basis of elementary anti-collision functions operating on digital data blocks of fixed size, namely "hash functions". More precisely, that document suggests using schemes for calculating condensed blocks that are of the type suitable for being performed in parallel, being broken down into a plurality of calculation modules each performing an elementary anti-collision function. However, that document does not describe any effective construction for performing an elementary anti-collision operation, both quickly and efficiently for the purpose of condensing digital data.
The present invention seeks specifically to provide a solution to this problem.
A first aim of the invention is to provide a device for condensing digital data which is based on tools that are fast and simple, such as tables and logic operators.
Another aim of the invention is to provide a data condensation device for digital data sequences of arbitrary length.
Yet another aim of the invention is to apply the data condensation device to devices that are intended to protect the integrity of digital data, such as certification devices or electronic signature devices.

Device for transforming a digital data sequence into a condensed digital data block using tables and logic operators


A razor head having a plastic body in which is disposed a razor blade unit. The plastic body has a top cover and a front guardbar that define surface points for engaging the skin of a user. At least one of the guardbar and the top cover are provided with at least two comb-like projections.

The present invention relates to a razor head, and especially a razor blade unit, disposed at the front end of a handle of a wet razor. A razor blade means in the form of a single or double razor blade is disposed in a plastic body. In the vicinity of the upper side of the razor head that defines a surface for engaging the skin of a user, comb-like projections extend toward the cutting edge(s) of the blade means.
Various embodiments of wet or safety razors are known. In each case, disposed at the front end of a handle is a razor head that carries the single or double razor blade. The razor head can be integrally formed with the handle as a molded plastic part. If the razor head is separate from the handle and is to be secured thereto in an exchangeable manner via an appropriate mechanism, it is designated as a so-called razor blade unit, with a single or double razor blade being fixedly embedded in a plastic housing.
A razor head in the form of such a razor blade unit is disclosed in EP 0389007. A wire having a number of adjacent windings is wound around the plastic body in which the double razor blade is embedded. In the vicinity of the surface of the razor blade unit that engages the skin of a user, the individual windings extend at a distance from one another and parallel to the direction of shaving, while at the underside of the plastic body the windings extend at an angle. This protective wire winding significantly improves the shaving characteristics. For example, the wire prevents the formation of folds or bulges of the skin, so that injury to the skin can also be prevented in non-visible areas. Furthermore, the wire reduces the actual shaving resistance, since it reduces the frictional forces. Finally, the protective wire prevents the user from accidentally cutting himself during improper handling of the razor blade unit at the razor blades thereof.


An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit and a main body. The image forming unit is detachably mounted in a main body of the image forming apparatus and has at least a developing device for storing a predetermined developer for forming a desired image. A sensor circuit generates a detection signal upon detection of the state of the developer in the developing device. A connecting section outputs the detection signal to the main body. A transmitting section has a single portion to be connected and transmits, to the main body side, the detection signal and a signal representing a mounting state of the image forming unit, which is generated in accordance with a coupling state of the connecting section with respect to the single portion. A discriminating circuit has a single input terminal for receiving a signal from the single portion of the transmitting section, and discriminates the state of the developer in the developing device and a mounting state of the image forming unit with respect to the main body on the basis of the state of the signal input to the input terminal.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic system and, more particularly, to an image forming apparatus having a discriminating unit for discriminating the mounting/ dismounting of a developing unit used in the apparatus, the presence/absence of a developer in the developing unit, and the toner density of the developer. 2. Description of the Related Art
A development system used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine or various types of printers includes a developing unit arranged near the outer surface of a photosensitive drum. A developing roll is arranged in the developing unit and a developer attached to the developing roll is positioned to be brought into slidable contact with the photosensitive drum. A toner which is sufficiently agitated by an agitating rod is attracted to a peripheral portion of the developing roll. A toner sensor for detecting a toner residual amount is mounted in the lower portion of the developing unit. A piezoelectric type sensor and a reactance detection type sensor are known as toner sensors. When the lack of the developer is detected by the sensor, an operator is informed of the lack, and a new developer is replenished.
FIG. 1 shows a state wherein a toner sensor 7 is electrically connected to a printer controller 8 in a printer main body through cables. Referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 9 denotes a toner detector for supplying a signal from the toner sensor 7 to a CPU 10. The CPU 10 incorporates a ROM for storing a control program, a RAM for temporarily storing data to be processed by the CPU 10, and the like, and constitutes a central processing unit. Reference numeral 11 denotes a display section for displaying the presence/absence of a toner and error contents.
An output from the toner sensor 7 for detecting the presence/absence of a toner in the developing unit 1 is supplied to the toner detector 9. Upon detection of the lack of a toner, the toner sensor 7 outputs, e.g., a 3.5-kHz rectangular signal. This signal is smoothed by resistors R1 to R3 and capacitors C1 and C2 in the toner detector 9, and is supplied to a transistor Q1 as a high-level signal so as to turn on the transistor Q1 and a transistor Q2. As a result, a low-level signal, as a signal representing the lack of the toner, is input to a terminal IN1 of the CPU 10. If the toner sensor 7 detects the presence of a toner, the toner sensor 7 stops outputting the rectangular signal. Consequently, the transistors Q1 and Q2 are turned off, and a high-level signal is output to the terminal IN1 of the CPU 10. The CPU 10 causes the display section 11 to display the presence/absence of a toner in accordance with the low- or high-level signal input from the terminal IN1.
Since the developing unit 1 is designed to be detachably mounted, as a unit, in the printer main body, it can be exchanged with another developing unit when a developer having a different color is to be used or the service life of a developer comes to an end. However, the printer main body must detect whether a developing unit is mounted or not, and inhibit a developing (printing) operation when no developing unit is mounted. In a conventional apparatus, the mounting/ dismounting of the developing unit 1 is detected in the following manner. When the developing unit 1 is not mounted in the printer main body, a high-level signal is input to an input terminal IN2 of the CPU 10 through a pull-up resistor R4. In contrast to this, when terminals 3' and 4', which are connected to each other on the developing unit 1 side, are respectively connected to input terminals 3 and 4 of the printer controller 8, i.e., the developing unit 1 is mounted in the printer main body, a low-level signal is input to the CPU 10. The mounting/dismounting of the developing unit 1 can be discriminated by using signal inputs which have different levels depending on the mounting/dismounting of the developing unit 1.
In the above-described image forming apparatus, however, extra signal lines are used only for the detection of the mounting state of a developing unit. In addition, when a toner density is to be detected, another extra signal line is required. This increases a rate of occurrence of noise. In addition, extra input ports of the CPU are required.
These problems lead to not only degradation in reliability of the apparatus but also an increase in manufacturing cost.

Image forming apparatus having common signal lines

Casio Electronics Manufacturing Co., Ltd.


A dual-port DRAM in which a single serial latch is shared between two pairs of folded bit lines from two arrays of memory cells. A first set of mux devices selects one of the two pairs of folded bit lines from each of the arrays, and a second set of mux devices selectively couple one of the remaining folded bit line pairs to either the parallel port or the serial latch for access to the serial port. This arrangement greatly decreases the consumption of chip real estate. At the same time, it makes unlimited vertical scrolling possible through the use of a copy mode that can be carried out in two operating cycles, and facilitates masked writing, while at the same time reducing clocking complexity.

1Technical Field
The invention relates to multi-port dynamic random access memory (or DRAM) chips, and more particularly to a multiplexed serial architecture for a video DRAM (or VRAM).
2Background Art
In concert with the general trend in the DRAM industry directed to doubling the density of memory chips every two - three years, the applications of DRAMs have been extended from the conventional random (or parallel) access mode to a serial access mode. In the parallel access mode, a given word line is selected in each memory array, and a given bit line (or bit line pair, in the case of the folded bit line arrangement shown e.g. in U.S. Pat. No. RE 32,708 to Hitachi) within the array is selected, such that the same memory location in all of the arrays is available for either reading or writing at the same time. In a serial access mode, after a given word line is accessed, a plurality of bit lines coupled to the word line are addressed, and the respective bits of information are read out in a serial fashion.
During the 1980s the general idea of a single DRAM having both serial and parallel access capabilities first appeared. In such arrangements, the chip has two output ports--one serial, one parallel. The serial port interfaces with a plurality of latches connected up to form a shift register latch (SRL), and the parallel port is coupled to the data lines as in a conventional DRAM. See e.g. U.S. Pat. No 4,541,075 (issued to Dill et al. and assigned to IBM); see also U.S. Pat No. 4,639,890, U.S. Pat. No. 4,648,077, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,555 (all assigned to Texas Instruments), and an article by Ishimoto et al entitled "A 256K Dual Port Memory," International Solid State Circuits Conference, Digest of Technical Papers, February 1985, p. 38-39.
In the dual-port arrangements disclosed in the above references, each array of memory cells has its own plurality of sense amplifiers and shift register latches. Another example of such an arrangement is shown in an article by Matick et al, entitled "All Points Addressable Raster Display Memory," IBM Journal of Research and Development, Vol. 28, No. 4, July 1984, pp. 379-392). In this paper, the two memory cell "islands" shown in FIG. 5 are two subarrays that share common sense amplifiers (the two subarrays are not independent arrays, because they depend on the same set of sense amplifiers to provide sensing. If two independent arrays shared the same sense amps, the cycle time of the memory would be doubled). Note that the sense amplifier is separated from the shift register array by a portion of the memory array.
In the general DRAM art, multiplexing schemes have appeared that enable one functional block to carry out a multiplicity of related operations. Examples of multiplexing in the DRAM art include U.S. Pat. No. 4,680,738 (issued to Tam and assigned to AMD--one of two shift register chains of a dual-port DRAM receive muxed address selection inputs in order to selectively bypass a multiplexed output operation); U.S. Pat. No. 4,773,048 (issued to Ogawa and assigned to Fujitsu--the bit line inputs/outputs are muxed between the serial and parallel ports, to enable parallel data transfers), and U.S. Pat. No. 4,754,433 (issued to Chin et al. and assigned to IBM--the bit lines of a conventional DRAM are muxed onto I/O lines, which in turn are muxed onto data lines).
In the dual-port DRAM art, the use of a separate shift register for every independent array takes up a large amount of chip real estate. Thus, there is a need in the art to reduce the number of shift register latches as much as possible, without sacrificing operating modes or performance (i.e., access speed).

Multiplexed serial register architecture for VRAM

International Business Machines Corporation


A power-supply-lead retaining part includes a pair of legs extending toward a bearing through hole, a pair of first locking portions provided on the pair of legs and locked to the edge portion of the bearing through hole, and a pair of second locking portions locked to the edge portion of the sensor substrate on both sides of a notch.

Conventional molded electric motors are configured such that a sensor-lead board-in connector is attached to one surface of a sensor substrate, sensor leads are routed via the sensor-lead board-in connector, a power-supply-lead board-in connector is attached to the other surface of the sensor substrate, and power supply leads are routed via the power-supply-lead board-in connector (for example, Patent Literature 1).

Electric motor, air conditioner, and electric apparatus


A linear motor comprises a stator, the stator comprising multiple drive coils and an intermediate circuit electrically conductively connected to each drive coil, the intermediate circuit being configured to exchange energy with each drive coil. The drive coils are arranged along the running rail, where at least one slide comprising a magnet acting as a rotor of the linear motor is movably arranged on the running rail. A controller is configured to independently control each drive coil, so that electrical energy is fed from the intermediate circuit into the drive coils, if a measured intermediate circuit voltage is greater or equal to a predetermined intermediate circuit voltage threshold value, where those drive coils are excluded from the feed-in of the electrical energy which are instantaneously being used for driving or braking the at least one slide and/or have a thermal load which exceeds a predetermined thermal load threshold value.

Published patent application DE 10 2012 020 473 A1 shows a motor control device including a reactive current instruction generation unit. It is provided that a voltage is detected on a direct-current output side of a converter, wherein a numerical control unit causes an inverter to generate a reactive current, in order thereby to increase the current absorbed by the motor. It is thereby intended that an intermediate circuit voltage is reduced. The reactive current is intended to lead to power dissipation in the motor.
Published patent application DE 10 2012 020 473 A1 is thus directed to a three-phase system having half bridges interlinked via the motor.
Published patent application DE 10 2009 054 785 A1 shows a brake chopper. Published patent application DE 10 2009 054 785 A1 describes how standard bridge arms of a motor module may be connected in order to convert the electrical energy of a voltage source into thermal energy in the braking resistors.
It is thus provided that braking resistors are connected to the motor module. In the case of such a brake chopper, it is intended to be possible to connect half bridges. Published patent application DE 10 2009 054 785 A1 is designed for a three-phase alternating current system.
In linear motors which drive a slide, in the case of abrupt braking actions by the slide, energy is generally fed back into the intermediate circuit, possibly resulting in an abrupt increase in the intermediate circuit voltage.
The excess energy may, for example, be dissipated via an external chopper device. In the case of dynamic applications using a large number of slides, and in the case of a high load, for example, overloading of the external chopper device may occur. In the case of overloading, for example, the external chopper resistor is not further loaded. In such a case, for example, an overvoltage is detected during a next braking operation, thus resulting, for example, in a deactivation of the linear motor for safety reasons. This leads, for example, to downtime of the linear motor.

Stator device for a linear motor, linear drive system, and method for operating a stator device


The invention relates to a lighting device (200), which comprises a power input (202) unit for reception of primary operating power from an external primary power supply, a lighting control unit (204) configured to control a lighting function of the lighting device, a secondary power supply unit (206) for storing operating energy and providing secondary operating power in absence of reception of the primary operating power, a wireless-transceiver unit (208), which is configured, in performing a pre-installation connectivity test routine under supply of only the secondary operating power, to generate and transmit, upon detecting reception of a trigger input signal (210), a first wireless test signal (212), to monitor for reception of a second wireless test signal (214) from an external wireless-transceiver unit; and to determine whether or not the received second wireless test signal fulfills predetermined test-signal criteria and to provide an output signal indicative thereof.

US 2014/0354161 A1 describes networked intelligent lighting devices and other elements connected to the network of a lighting system which are adaptable to desirable networking arrangements as well as logical functional groups, for example by each storing communication provisioning data and/or configuration data for logically associating system elements into one or more groupings or sub-networks. The systems and system elements also enable such enhanced network arrangement via autonomous discovery and device commissioning. Autonomous discovery requires a connectivity between the corresponding devices.
US 2016/330824 A1 describes a wireless lighting device comprising a battery which responds to commands received from a beaconing wireless transmitter device if the proximity of the beaconing wireless transmitter device to the at least one wireless lighting device is within a predetermined range.
US 2012/082062 A1 describes a wireless network system in which a network device a joining device operate in a discovery mode, in which the joining device broadcasts a discovery message and the network device, upon reception of said discovery message, enters a commissioning mode. In this commissioning mode the network device provides joining information to said joining device.

Lighting device with connectivity test routine function capability


An image display device includes an image forming device, collimating optical system, and optical device, with the optical device including a light guide plate, first diffraction grating member and second diffraction grating member which are made up of a volume hologram diffraction grating, and with central light emitted from the pixel of the center of the image forming device and passed through the center of the collimating optical system being input to the light guide plate from the near side of the second diffraction grating member with a certain angle. Thus, the image display device capable of preventing occurrence of color irregularities, despite the simple configuration, can be provided.

The present application relates to an image display device employed for allowing an observer to observe a two-dimensional image formed by an image forming device or the like.
A virtual image display device (image display device) employing a hologram diffraction grating for allowing an observer to observe a two-dimensional image formed by an image forming device by a virtual image optical system as an enlarged virtual image has been disclosed with Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-94175.
Such an image display device 1010 basically includes, as shown in FIG. 25A, an image forming device 1011 for displaying an image, collimating optical system 1012, and virtual image optical system (optical device 20) which light displayed on the image forming device 1011 is input to, and guided to a pupil 50 of an observer. The optical device 20 includes a light guide plate 21, and a first diffraction grating member 30 and second diffraction grating member 40, which are made up of a reflection-type volume hologram diffraction grating provided on the light guide plate 21. Light emitted from each pixel of the image forming device 1011 is input to the collimating optical system 1012, multiple parallel beams of which the angles input to the light guide plate 21 differ are generated by the collimating optical system 1012, and are input to the light guide plate 21. The parallel beams are input to one optical face (first face) 22 of the light guide plate 21, and are output therefrom. On the other hand, the first diffraction grating member 30 and second diffraction grating member 40 are attached to the other optical face (second face) 23 of the light guide plate 21 which are parallel to the first face 22 of the light guide plate 21.
Now, when assuming that the center of the first diffraction grating member 30 is the origin Oi, a normal of the first diffraction grating member 30 passing through the origin Oi with the direction toward the collimating optical system side as the positive direction is an Xi axis, and the axis line of the light guide plate with the direction toward the second diffraction grating member side as the positive direction is a Yi axis, the optical axis of the collimating optical system 1012 is identical to the Xi axis, and moreover, the optical axis of the collimating optical system 1012 passes through the center of the image forming device 1011.
The multiple parallel beams of which the angles input to the light guide plate 21 from the first face 22 of the light guide plate 21 differ are input to the first diffraction grating member 30, and each of the parallel beams is diffracted and reflected as is while keeping a parallel beam state. Subsequently, the parallel beams diffracted and reflected advance while repeating total reflection between the first face 22 and second face 23 of the light guide plate 21, and input to the second diffraction grating member 40. The parallel beams input to the second diffraction grating member 40 are excluded from total reflection conditions by having been diffracted and reflected, and are emitted from the light guide plate 21, and are guided to the pupil 50 of the observer. Diffraction and reflection are performed multiple times at the second diffraction grating member 40, but the amount of light emitted from the light guide plate 21 based on each of the diffraction and reflection is reduced as the number of times of diffraction and reflection increases.
There is a symmetric relation between an interference pattern shape formed within the second diffraction grating member 40, and an interference pattern shape formed within the first diffraction grating member 30 as to a virtual plane perpendicular to the axis line of the light guide plate 21. Accordingly, the parallel beams to be diffracted and reflected at the second diffraction grating member 40 are diffracted and reflected with the same angle as the angle input to the first diffraction grating member 30, so a display image is not blurred, and is displayed at the pupil 50 with high resolution. Note that the first diffraction grating member 30 has the same specifications (e.g., thickness and maximum diffraction efficiency) as those of the second diffraction grating member 40.


A fishing lure includes a weighted head member having a leading, downwardly and forwardly angled planar front surface which causes the weighted head member to dive downwardly while oscillating, and further includes a generally planar fin attached to the head member and extending above the head member when the lure is moving through the water. Either an artificial skirt or live bait is attached to a rearwardly tapered body portion.

It is common knowledge amongst fishermen of all categories that the type of lure that is used plays an important role in the success or otherwise of a fishing outing. This is particularly the case in off-shore fishing for game fish and endeavours to perfect the ideal lure with optimum affectiveness have pre-occupied the minds of various people involved in the manufacture of such lures. Most lures designed for game fishing are pulled from the front of the head, resulting in the lure being trolled through the water in a slightly elevated position. Even where, as in some cases, the head of the lure is weighted, the optimum effectiveness in presenting a more life-like appearance to attract the game fish is not achieved.


Plasma generating apparatus includes a pair of electrodes configured to generate plasma by discharge, a first supply path configured to supply processing gas along an outer periphery of each of the pair of electrodes, a second supply path configured to supply processing gas between the pair of electrodes, and a suction path configured to suck the processing gas supplied along an outer peripheral surface of each of the pair of electrodes via the first supply path.

In a plasma generating apparatus, voltage is applied to a pair of electrodes to generate discharge between the pair of electrodes, thereby generating plasma. In this moment, there is a concern that the electrodes and the like are deteriorated due to the discharge, and the deteriorated electrodes and the like are incorporated into a processing target object as a foreign matter. The following Patent Literature describes a technique for suppressing the foreign matter from being incorporated into the processing target object.


A unified messaging system is configured for encrypting messages. The calling party is prompted to encrypt the unified message, for example as part of an extended options menu. The unified messaging system encrypts the unified message based on an encryption key input by the user into an encrypted message, and generates an open-network destination header for identifying a destination location for the encrypted message according to an open-network protocol. The unified messaging system then outputs the open-network destination header and the encrypted message as an open-network encrypted message to an open-network message store. During retrieval of the message, the unified messaging system identifies the encrypted message and prompts the destination subscriber for a decryption key; the unified messaging system performs a decryption operation to recover a decrypted file, and outputs the decrypted file for playback to the user.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to unified messaging systems configured for receiving, storing, and supplying messages to a subscriber, independent of message format or the type of device used by the sender of the message or the subscriber accessing the messages.
2. Description of the Related Art
The evolution of the public switched telephone network has resulted in a variety of voice applications and services that can be provided to individual subscribers and business subscribers. Such services include voice messaging systems that enable landline or wireless subscribers to record, playback, and forward voice mail messages. However, the ability to provide enhanced services to subscribers of the public switched telephone network is directly affected by the limitations of the public switched telephone network. In particular, the public switched telephone network operates according to a protocol that is specifically designed for the transport of voice signals; hence any modifications necessary to provide enhanced services can only be done by switch vendors that have sufficient know-how of the existing public switched telephone network infrastructure.
Unified communications systems are under development as a way of enhancing messaging services for users such as wireless telephone subscribers. A disadvantage of unified communications systems implemented as enhanced versions of the voice mail system, paging system, or e-mail interface resident within the wireless telephone communications system is that such implementation requires detailed knowledge of the proprietary protocols associated with the voice mail systems. Hence, such implementations are available only from switch vendors having knowledge of the proprietary protocols.
Use of a unified communications system implemented independent of the existing proprietary voice mail systems, such as the commercially-available Cisco Unified Open Network Exchange (Cisco uOne) (Products UONE-FOUND 4.1S, and UONE-VOICEMSG4.1S) from Cisco Systems, Inc., enables service providers to use scalable and distributed systems using recognized communication protocols. Hence, the service providers may use such unified communications systems across multiple platforms, independent of protocol, for storage of unified messages (carrying e.g., voice messages, facsimile, and/or e-mail) stored in a centralized messaging store or distributed message stores. In particular, such unified communications systems may transfer unified messages to message stores according to a prescribed open network protocol, for example IMAP protocol via the Internet.
Commonly-assigned, copending application Ser. No. 09/480,485, filed Jan. 11, 2000, entitled Application Server Configured for Dynamically Generating Web Pages for Voice Enabled Web Applications, the disclosure of which is incorporated in its entirety herein by reference, discloses an application server that executes a voice-enabled web application by runtime execution of extensible markup language (XML) documents that define the voice-enabled web application to be executed. The application server includes a runtime environment that establishes an efficient, high-speed connection to a web server. The application server, in response to receiving a user request from a user, accesses a selected XML page that defines at least a part of the voice application to be executed for the user. The XML page may describe any one of a user interface such as dynamic generation of a menu of options or a prompt for a password, an application logic operation, or a function capability such as generating a function call to an external resource. The application server then parses the XML page, and executes the operation described by the XML page, for example dynamically generating an HTML page having voice application control content, or fetching another XML page to continue application processing. In addition, the application server may access an XML page that stores application state information, enabling the application server to be state-aware relative to the user interaction. Hence, the XML page, which can be written using a conventional editor or word processor, defines the application to be executed by the application server within the runtime environment, enabling voice enabled web applications to be generated and executed without the necessity of programming language environments.
Hence, web programmers can write voice-enabled web applications, using the teachings of the above-incorporated application Ser. No. 09/480,485, by writing XML pages that specify respective voice application operations to be performed. The XML documents have a distinct feature of having tags that allow a web browser (or other software) to identify information as being a specific kind or type of information. Hence, the XML documents define the application to be executed by the application server within the runtime environment, enabling voice enabled web applications to be generated and executed without the necessity of programming language environments.
Hence, open network-based systems such as the commercially-available Cisco uOne system (4.1S) or the system disclosed in application Ser. No. 09/480,485 enable the use of open-network systems such as IMAP message stores, or LDAP directories accessible via an IP-based network such as the Internet, enabling worldwide deployment based on IP-based access protocols. The Internet, however, is recognized to have security risks; hence, there is a concern about transporting sensitive information such as unified messages carrying voice messages, facsimile, and/or e-mail via a medium that is susceptible to eavesdropping.

Unified messaging system configured for transport of encrypted messages


A vehicle comprising a wet type main clutch mounted in an oil bath within a clutch housing. A flywheel housing is removably attached to a forward end of the clutch housing, with a partition wall in between for preventing oil flow from the clutch housing to the flywheel housing. A clutch input shaft extends through the partition wall, with a forward end splined to a flywheel. A clutch output shaft coaxial with the clutch input shaft has a rear end thereof connected through a spline connection to a change speed shaft extending forwardly through a rear wall of the clutch housing. A geometric engaging device having an aligning function is provided between the clutch output shaft and change speed shaft.

(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a vehicle employing a wet clutch as a main clutch, and particularly to a mounting structure for attaching the wet clutch to a vehicle body.
(2) Description of the Prior Art
Either a dry clutch or a wet clutch is used as the main clutch of a tractor. The civil engineering tractor employs a wet clutch since, compared with the case of the agricultural tractor, the clutch is subjected to great loads and used for long periods of time, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model publication Kokai No. 54-90549.
It is, however, very difficult to assemble and disassemble the main clutch disclosed in the above publication. Where a clutch pack is mounted on a clutch output shaft provided separately from a clutch input shaft to facilitate assembly and disassembly, it is difficult to secure a coaxial relation between the engine side and main change speed shaft side.


A door sill lighting for a motor vehicle is described. The door sill lighting comprises an outer sill trim having a plurality of seamlessly interconnected layers. A partial region of an outer layer is transparent and cooperates with at least one light source. The partial region of the outer layer comprises edge sides and an optical fiber layer. The optical fiber layer has distributed light-scattering nanoparticles in its volume. Light from the light source can be coupled into an edge side of the optical fiber layer.

A door tread plate for motor vehicles in the area of an outer sill is known from the document DE 10 2008 064 233 A1. Conventional door tread plates usually made of black plastic are provided with a peripheral flexible seal at least on three sides. Superior vehicles usually have decorative layers as door tread plates and symbols let into the layers. Galvanized chrome inserts or chrome-look layers are used for this purpose. The door tread plate for motor vehicles known from the above document is formed from a plurality of interconnected plastic layers. From the plastic layers a surface section of the door tread plate is formed by a printed, transparent inmolt film, the rear side whereof is firmly connected, at least in sections, to a plastic component made of a transparent plastic material, which can be used as optical fiber for a lighting source.
It is at least one object to provide a door sill lighting, which has an improved robustness and possibly comprises a reduced number of seamlessly connected layers. In addition, other objects, desirable features and characteristics will become apparent from the subsequent summary and detailed description, and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and this background.


A disk drive spindle motor includes an improved mounting arrangement for Hall sensors and an associated flux concentrator ring. The spindle motor comprises a compact dc motor having a driven rotor hub adapted to support one or more computer disks within a substantially sealed disk drive housing. A timing magnet is mounted at one axial end of the rotor hub in close proximity with Hall sensors seated within individual sensor ports and electrically connected directly to appropriate conductors on the exterior of the housing. The Hall sensors are supported by a flux concentrator ring which is mounted against the housing exterior to overlie and close the sensor ports, and further to concentrate the magnetic flux path through the Hall sensors. Such concentration of the flux path substantially isolates the timing magnet from the computer disks.

This invention relates to improvements in spindle motors for rotatably supporting and driving one or more memory storage disks in computer disk drives. More particularly, this invention relates to an improved disk drive spindle motor having a compact arrangement for mounting Hall sensors used in motor timing and directional control, while substantially isolating computer disks from changing magnetic fields associated with the Hall sensors.
Disk drive units in general are known in the art for use in modern microcomputers such as personal and desk top computers and the like. In one popular form, such disk drive units comprise a so-called Winchester drive having one or more memory storage disks supported in a stack by a compact spindle motor within a substantially sealed disk drive housing. The spindle motor rotatably drives the disks in close proximity with one or more electromagnetic transducers which are appropriately controlled to read or write data on prepared disk surfaces. Such disk drive units, sometimes refer to as "hard" or "fixed" disks, are normally available as a compact package with the sealed housing assembled on a rigid chassis together with a circuit board carrying the requisite drive electronics to interface with other components of a computer system.
In one common form, spindle motors for disk drive units have comprised small dc motors designed for rapid disk acceleration to a substantially constant operating speed, typically about 3,600 rpm. Such motors commonly include solid state commutation components such as Hall sensors mounted in close association with a timing magnet which rotates with the computer disks. In operation, the Hall sensors respond to changing magnetic fields attributable to the timing magnet to generate control pulses used to regulate spindle motor direction and speed. For efficient operation, these changing magnetic fields must have a minimum strength to insure reliable triggering of the Hall sensors. However, the field strength normally decreases in response to increased operating temperatures. Accordingly, to insure accurate triggering of the sensors throughout a normal range of operating temperatures, a relatively high strength or high energy timing magnet is required. Unfortunately, the use of a high energy timing magnet can result in stray magnetic flux which can adversely affect data storage or retrieval on one or more of the computer disks, particularly at inner tracks on the disks. This data interference problem can be particularly significant in modern "micro" disk drives of the type used in personal or lap top computers, such as so-called 3.5 inch disk drives and the like.
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved spindle motor for a computer disk drive, wherein the spindle motor has an improved yet highly compact mounting arrangement for Hall sensors in association with a relatively high energy timing magnet, while substantially isolating computer disks from the magnet flux field associated with the timing magnet.

Disk drive spindle motor with externally mounted flux concentrator ring


An optical sensor is provided for distance and/or velocity measurement including a light source module for generating a light signal and a detection module for detecting a light signal. The light source module includes a modulator for modulating the light signal, the modulator being configured in such a way that the light signal includes a piece of identification information after the modulation, the detection module being configured to detect and identify a piece of identification information of the detected light signal.

Conventional optical sensors are used, for example, to enable the monitoring of movements of autonomous vehicles in robotics. Thus, for example, in warehouses, autonomously acting industrial trucks such as forklifts are equipped with such sensors, or in the private area, vacuum cleaner robots are provided with such sensors to enable secure navigation and object recognition and/or to secure hazard zones.
It is disadvantageous that the optical sensors may mutually obstruct one another in a system having multiple such autonomous vehicles. The detection modules are thus not capable of differentiating between the light signals from different light source modules, and/or the light signals from different light source modules, i.e., different optical sensors, mutually influence one another and thus corrupt the distance and/or velocity measurement. In particular in the case of a plurality of vehicles, this may result in substantial impairment of the navigational safety, or even severe accidents.

Optical sensor for distance and/or velocity measurement, system for mobility monitoring of autonomous vehicles, and method for mobility monitoring of autonomous vehicles


Apparatus, methods, and computer programs for semiconductor processing in a capacitively-coupled plasma chamber are provided. A chamber includes a bottom radio frequency (RF) signal generator, a top RF signal generator, and an RF phase controller. The bottom RF signal generator is coupled to the bottom electrode in the chamber, and the top RF signal generator is coupled to the top electrode. Further, the bottom RF signal is set at a first phase, and the top RF signal is set at a second phase. The RF phase controller is operable to receive the bottom RF signal and operable to set the value of the second phase. Additionally, the RF phase controller is operable to track the first phase and the second phase to maintain a time difference between the maximum of the top RF signal and the minimum of the bottom RF signal at approximately a predetermined constant value, resulting in an increase of the negative ion flux to the surface of the wafer.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to methods, systems, and computer programs for facilitating dielectric etching of a semiconductor device, and more particularly, methods, systems, and computer programs for facilitating negative ion control in a capacitively-coupled plasma (CCP) chamber.
2. Description of the Related Art
The manufacturing of integrated circuits includes immersing silicon substrates (wafers) containing regions of doped silicon into chemically-reactive plasmas, where the submicron device features (e.g., transistors, capacitors, etc.) are etched onto the surface. Once the first layer is manufactured, several back-end insulating (dielectric) layers are built on top of the first layer, where holes (also referred to as vias) and trenches are etched into the material for placement of the conducting interconnectors.
SiO2 is a common dielectric used in semiconductor manufacturing. The plasmas used for SiO2 etching often include fluorocarbon gases such as carbon tetrafluoride CF4 and otafluorocyclobutane (C—C4F8), along with argon (Ar) and oxygen (O2) gases. The word plasma is used to refer to those gases in which the constituent atoms and molecules have been partially or wholly ionized. Capacitive radio frequency (RF) power coupling is often used for striking and sustaining the plasma because of the low dissociation rates obtained, favoring larger passivating molecules and high ion energies at the surface. To obtain independent control of the ion energy and the ion flux to the silicon substrate, dual frequency capacitive discharges (DF-CCP) are sometimes used.
Etching of the wafer is often performed by positive ions when the positive ions escape from the plasma and strike the feature to be etched. Some etching methods also rely on negative-ion etching by pulsing the plasma, i.e. having periods were the RF power supply is turned off, which enables the escaping of negative ions from the plasma during the off period of the RF (also referred to as the afterglow). However, pulsing the RF power supply is not an efficient way of etching, because the plasma is being created and dissipated in each cycle.
It is in this context that embodiments arise.

Negative ion control for dielectric etch


An animal feeder apparatus includes a food storage hopper which includes a top hopper portion and a bottom hopper portion. A food retainer assembly is attached to the bottom hopper portion, and the food retainer assembly includes a top retainer portion, a bottom retainer portion, and top-to-bottom connection means connected between the top retainer portion and the bottom retainer portion. The top retainer portion includes a top food passage channel, and the bottom retainer portion includes a bottom food passage channel. A timer-controlled food distribution assembly is attached to the bottom retainer portion in registration with the bottom food passage channel, and a stand is provided for supporting the food storage hopper, the food retainer assembly, and the timer-controlled food distribution assembly. The animal feeder apparatus of the invention can be used to attract wildlife at predetermined times that can coincide when a hunter or wildlife photographer is near.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to automatic animal feeder apparatuses, and, more particularly, to animal feeder apparatuses which include timers for dispensing animal food.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Automatic animal feeder apparatuses are well known in the art. In this respect, throughout the years, a number of innovations have been developed relating to animal feeder apparatuses, and the following group of Prior Art U.S. patents are representative of those innovations: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,370,080, 6,082,300, 6,758,163, 6,779,487, and 6,681,718. Each of the above-mentioned Prior Art patents discloses an animal feeding device that provides a hopper and means for automatically dispensing animal food from the hopper. Moreover, a wide variety of additional features are disclosed in the above-mentioned group of Prior Art patents.
However, the inventor of the present invention has conceived of a number of desirable features in an animal feeder apparatus, and the present invention provides such desirable features.
For example, it would be desirable if an animal feeder apparatus were provided which includes a food retainer assembly that is located between a food storage hopper and a timer-controlled food distribution assembly.
Also, it would be desirable if an animal feeder apparatus were provided which includes a stand that supports the food storage hopper, the food retainer assembly, and the timer-controlled food distribution assembly.
In addition, it would be desirable if an animal feeder apparatus were provided which includes a top-to-bottom hinge assembly connected between a first side of a top retainer portion of the food retainer assembly and a first side of a bottom retainer portion of the food retainer assembly.
Also, it would be desirable if an animal feeder apparatus were provided which includes a top-to-bottom lock assembly connected between a second side of the top retainer portion of the food retainer assembly and a second side of the bottom retainer portion of the food retainer assembly.
In addition, it would be desirable if an animal feeder apparatus were provided which includes a top flow valve for controlling flow of food through a top food passage channel in the top retainer portion of the food retainer assembly.
Further, it would be desirable if an animal feeder apparatus were provided which includes a funnel portion for retaining food therein prior to release by the timer-controlled food distribution assembly.
Thus, while the foregoing body of prior art indicates it to be well known to use automatic animal feeder apparatuses, the Prior Art described above does not teach or suggest an animal feeder apparatus which has the following combination of desirable features: (1) includes a food retainer assembly that is located between a food storage hopper and a timer-controlled food distribution assembly; (2) includes a stand that supports the food storage hopper, the food retainer assembly, and the timer-controlled food distribution assembly; (3) includes a top-to-bottom hinge assembly connected between a first side of a top retainer portion of the food retainer assembly and a first side of a bottom retainer portion of the food retainer assembly; (4) includes a top-to-bottom lock assembly connected between a second side of the top retainer portion of the food retainer assembly and a second side of the bottom retainer portion of the food retainer assembly; (5) includes a top flow valve for controlling flow of food through a top food passage channel in the top retainer portion of the food retainer assembly; and (6) includes a funnel portion for retaining food therein prior to release by the timer-controlled food distribution assembly. The foregoing desired characteristics are provided by the unique animal feeder apparatus of the present invention as will be made apparent from the following description thereof. Other advantages of the present invention over the prior art also will be rendered evident.