A rectification and regulation circuit for a wireless power receiver includes a coil for magnetically coupling to a primary coil of a power transmitter, a full-wave rectifier circuit separate from the power transmitter and a control unit separate from the power transmitter. The full-wave rectifier has a first pair of controllable rectifiers including a first transistor connected to a first terminal of the coil and a second transistor connected to a second terminal of the coil. The control unit is operable to control switching of the transistors of the full-wave rectifier so that the full-wave rectifier (a) generates a rectified output for charging a battery of the wireless power receiver by rectifying current through the coil or voltage across the coil, and (b) regulates the rectified output.

In wireless charging systems, multiple power conversion stages process the energy being transmitted from the source to battery (load). System efficiency is defined as the ratio of output power (at the load) to input power (from the source), and is the product of efficiencies of each power conversion stage. Therefore, to maintain high system efficiency, it is beneficial to reduce the number of power conversion stages. It is typically assumed that a DC source provides the input to the system. In reality, the DC source is itself a by-product of multiple conversion stages from the ac mains, further exacerbating the problem.
The power transmitter consists of a chopper circuit that is either a full-bridge or half-bridge configuration, a resonant network composed of some configuration of inductors and capacitors, and a primary coil. The power receiver has a secondary coil, a rectification stage formed of synchronous rectifiers or simple diodes if efficiency is not a concern, and a buck converter (using external filter components) to provide regulation to the battery being charged. Physical separation between the primary and secondary coils changes the characteristics of the resonant network, and therefore power transfer capability.
Many commercial products use the rectifier stage of the receiver in open-loop, followed by a buck converter stage for providing regulation to the load. Switches of the rectifier stage are typically synchronized to the resonant waveform being rectified to improve efficiency over diode rectifiers. A buck converter made up of switches provides regulation to the load. If input power needs to be adjusted, the receiver communicates with the transmitter. However, this approach requires the power receiver to have two stages for regulating the voltage or current of the battery being charged, making it difficult to achieve very high efficiency. Also, the non-isolated DC/DC regulator typically is a buck converter for simplicity which is a hard-switched topology. Therefore, attempts to increase the switching frequency to shrink the inductor and overcome the limitations of magnetic component technology leads to lower efficiency.

Rectification and regulation circuit for a wireless power receiver


A rocker device includes a base having a rocker surface for rocking on a supporting surface, and a wheel device attached to the base and partially extendible out of the bottom of the base to selectively engage with the supporting surface. The base is rockable relative to the supporting surface when the wheel device is disengaged from the supporting surface, and the base is movable relative to the supporting surface when the wheel device is engaged with the supporting surface, such that the rocker device may be moved periodically on the supporting surface.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a hobby or rocker horse, and more particularly to a hobby or rocker horse having a wheel device for allowing the rocker horse to be moved relative to the supporting surface or ground.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Typical hobby or rocker toy devices, such as the rocking seats, the rocking horses, and the like are well known and comprise a base having a curved or rocker surface for allowing the rocker toy devices to conduct the typical rocking exercises or operations.
U.S. Pat. No. 1,431,214 to Burgess, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,022,667 to Gillson disclose two of the typical rocker toy devices or rocking horses, and comprise a seat that is changeable between a normal rocker configuration and a normal vehicular configuration.
However, while in the normal rocker configuration, the rocker toy devices or rocking horses may only be used to conduct the rocking operation, and may not be moved relative to the supporting surface or ground.
On the contrary, while in the normal vehicular configuration, the rocker toy devices or rocking horses may only be used to move as the vehicles, but may not be used to conduct the rocking operation.
The present invention has arisen to mitigate and/or obviate the afore-described disadvantages of the conventional rocker horses.
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a hobby or rocker horse including a wheel device arranged for allowing the rocker horse to be moved relative to the supporting surface or ground, and also to be operated with in rocking operations.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, there is provided a rocker device comprising a body, such as a toy body or a hobby horse body including a base having at least one rocker surface provided in bottom thereof for engaging with a supporting surface and for providing rocking motion of the horse body, and a wheel device attached to the bottom of the base and extended outwardly relative to the bottom of the base to selectively engage with the supporting surface. The base is rockable relative to the supporting surface at a position where the wheel device is elevated and disengaged from the supporting surface, and another position where the wheel device is engaged with the supporting surface. The horse body may conduct the rocking operation with the rocker surface when the wheel device is disengaged from the supporting surface, and may be moved relative to the supporting surface when the wheel device is engaged or contacted with the supporting surface, such that the horse body may be periodically moved relative to the supporting surface with the wheel device.
The wheel device includes at least one first wheel partially extended out of the base at a partially and outwardly extending position, to engage with the supporting surface. For example, the wheel device includes a frame, the first wheel is rotatably secured to the frame.
The frame is preferably rotatably secured to the base with a pivot shaft, and includes a tube attached thereto, and an axle rotatably secured to the tube, the first wheel is attached to the axle. For example, the frame includes a pipe secured thereto to rotatably receive the pivot shaft in the pipe.
A stop rod may further be provided and secured to the base and engageable with the frame, to position the first wheel at the partially and outwardly extending position.
One or more second wheels may further be provided and rotatably secured to the frame and spaced away from the first wheel. For example, the frame may include a further tube attached thereto, and a spindle rotatably received in the further tube, the second wheel is secured to the spindle. The base may include a chamber formed therein for receiving the second wheel.
A stop pole may further be provided and secured to the base and engageable with the frame, to limit a movement of the second wheel relative to the base.
The frame includes a first end having the first wheel secured thereto, and a second end having the second wheel secured thereto. The the pivot shaft is preferably provided between the first wheel and the second wheel, and the first wheel is preferably further spaced away from the pivot shaft than the second wheel.
The second wheel may be arranged to be contacted with the supporting surface when the first wheel is contacted with the supporting surface.

Rocker horse having movable configuration

10F-1, No. 262, Sec. 2, Hua Mei Street, North Dist.

No. 301, Huyundai Town, #1392-36, Kwan-Yang Dong


A method and apparatus for efficiently executing two types of measurements with an optical measuring device and a scanning electron microscope are provided. For example, the method and apparatus may execute the following steps: calculating an average of the dimensional values of a plurality of scanned feature objects; and calculating an offset of a dimensional value on the basis of a difference between the calculated average value and the dimensional value of the feature object obtained when the light is irradiated. The offset between measurement values between the optical measuring device and the scanning electron microscope can be determined precisely.

A scanning electron microscope called the CD-SEM (Critical Dimension-Scanning Electron Microscope) is used as a means of measuring the line widths of semiconductor circuit patterns. With this apparatus, although the pattern width of a semiconductor circuit pattern at any location can be measured accurately with a high magnification, since such measurement is limited to narrow regions, the measurement needs to be conducted at a number of locations to evaluate the line widths of the patterns existing in a wide range of regions.
Also, since measurement with the CD-SEM is based on plane-like images obtained from an immediately upward direction, the profiles of sections usually cannot be measured during such measurement. For this reason, the sectional profiles of patterns are measured by actually machining the section of a pattern using ion beams or the like, and then observing this section through the CD-SEM or a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
As described above, the SEM-based measurement from an immediately upward direction has posed the problem that since the sample needs to be destroyed for sectional exposure, it is difficult to obtain three-dimensional information. In order to solve this problem, Japanese Patent Laid open No. 2003-148945 (and corresponding US2003/0090651) suggests measuring the three-dimensional shape of a pattern by use of both the SEM and an optical inspection apparatus. The art disclosed in that document is such that: a test pattern is measured in height by being irradiated with light, then in width and contrast by being irradiated with an electron beam, and the height of a pattern is estimated from the obtained contrast by using a correlation.
Optical inspection apparatuses are able to measure sectional shape profiles, and these apparatuses are high in throughput, compared with a scanning electron microscope. The optical inspection apparatus, however, has the problem that compared with a scanning electron microscope, the magnifications at which such measurement is possible are low and measuring accuracy on pattern width and the like is low. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 2003-148945 ((US2003/0090651), therefore, it could be conceivable that an optical inspection apparatus and a scanning electron microscope could be combined to perform measurements.

Sample dimension-measuring method and charged particle beam apparatus


A sheet loading device including a document feeder, an image reading unit, an image forming, a discharge member, and a combined tray. The combined tray functions as a document feeding tray which loads the document to feed to the image reading unit when the combined tray is opened, and the combined tray functions as the discharge tray which loads the recording medium when the combined tray is closed.

In general, a sheet conveying unit includes a sheet loading tray to load a sheet and a discharge tray to load a discharged sheet. JP4-308129A discloses the sheet loading tray and the discharge tray are arranged on vertical direction to be mutually separated, and a part of the sheet loading tray serves for the discharge tray. Therefore the unit and the installation area is capable of being small.
However if the sheet conveying unit is mounted on a multi-functional machine having two or more functions including a copying machine, a printer, a facsimile apparatus, etc, a discharge tray for a recording sheet is necessary in addition to a sheet loading tray and another discharge tray. Here, the sheet loading tray and the discharge tray for a loaded sheet do not serve as a discharge tray for a recording sheet. Therefore, the sheet conveying unit has problem that the discharge tray for a recording sheet must be arranged independently under the sheet conveying unit and the height of the unit cannot be lowered.

Sheet loading device, image reading device, and image forming apparatus


A convex/concave pattern-forming stamp which is capable of making recesses of a convex/concave pattern uniform in depth and preventing deformation and peeling of portions of the convex/concave pattern at the same time. The stamp has on a surface thereof an annular area formed with protrusions for forming a convex/concave pattern in a resin layer on a surface of a disk-shaped substrate by being pressed against the resin layer. Protrusions for dispersing a pressure applied to the resin layer when the stamp is pressed against the resin layer are formed in at least one of an outer area located radially outward of the annular area and an inner area located radially inward of the annular area.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a convex/concave pattern-forming stamp that has convex/concave pattern-forming protrusions formed in a predetermined annular area of a surface thereof, for forming a convex/concave pattern in a resin layer on a substrate surface by being pressed against the resin layer, a method of forming the convex/concave pattern using the convex/concave pattern-forming stamp, and a magnetic recording medium that has data-recording tracks formed thereon using the convex/concave pattern formed according to the convex/concave pattern-forming method.
2. Description of the Related Art
In a process of manufacturing semi-conductor elements or recording media, for example, to form a fine (nanometer-sized) convex/concave pattern in a resin layer on a substrate surface, there has been proposed an imprinting method in which nanometer-sized protrusions/recesses (protrusions) formed on a stamp (mold) are pressed against a resin layer on a substrate surface to thereby transfer convex/concave shapes of the protrusions/recesses to the resin layer (Stephen Y. Chou et al., "Imprint of sub-25 nm Vias and Trenches in Polymers", Applied Physics Letters (US), vol. 67, No. 21, Nov. 20, 1995, pp. 3114-3116).
In this imprinting method, first, a stamp is prepared which has a surface thereof formed with protrusions/recesses that are nanometer-sized (with a width of 25 nm at the minimum). In this case, the protrusions/recesses of the stamp are formed by drawing a pattern on a silicon substrate having a silicon dioxide layer formed on a surface thereof, using an electron beam lithography device, and then carrying out an etching process using a reactive ion etching (RIE) device. Then, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) as a resin material is applied to the silicon substrate surface by a spin coating method to form a resin layer having a thickness of 55 nm. Subsequently, the stamp, the substrate, and the resin layer are heated such that the temperatures of the stamp, the substrate, and the resin layer become equal to a temperature (e.g. 200° C.) not lower than 105° C. which is the glass transition point of PMMA, whereafter the protrusions/recesses of the stamp are pressed against the resin layer with a pressure of 13.1 MPa (1900 psi). After allowing the stamp, the substrate, and the resin layer to be cooled down to room temperature, the stamp is separated from the resin layer. Thus, the convex/concave shapes of the protrusions/recesses of the stamp are transferred to the resin layer, whereby a nanometer-sized convex/concave pattern is formed in the resin layer.
On the other hand, there has been proposed a discrete track-type magnetic recording medium (hereinafter also simply referred to as "the magnetic recording medium") 91 having a plurality of data-recording discrete tracks (hereinafter simply referred to as "the discrete tracks") 92, 92, . . . formed in a track-forming area 102 on a surface of a disk-shaped substrate 101 (magnetic layer 112) as shown in FIG. 21. In the magnetic recording medium 91, the discrete tracks 92 are magnetically separated from each other by a plurality of concentric annular grooves formed in a resin layer of the disk-shape substrate 101 such that they have a convex/concave pattern, according to the imprinting method described above. The convex/concave pattern used for forming the discrete tracks 92 of the magnetic recording medium 91 is formed using a stamp 41 having nanometer-sized protrusions 51, 51, . . . formed in an annular area 43 on a surface thereof as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. The annular area 43 is defined, as shown in FIG. 19, to have the same size as the track-forming area 102 of the disk-shaped substrate 101. In forming the convex/concave pattern using the stamp 41, according to the imprinting method described above, after forming a resin layer 103 on the surface of the disk-shaped substrate 101 comprised of, for example, a disk 111 made of glass, the magnetic layer 112, and a metal layer 113, the protrusions 51, 51, . . . of the stamp 41 are pressed against the resin layer 103 as shown in FIG. 19. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the convex/concave pattern is formed in a convex/concave pattern-forming area 104 of the resin layer 103 corresponding to the annular area 43 of the stamp 41.
The present inventors have studied the above-descried conventional stamp 41, and found the following problems: As shown in FIG. 19, the stamp 41 has the protrusions 51, 51, . . . formed only in the annular area 43 which is defined to have the same size as the track-forming area 102. The stamp 41 also has an outer area 44 and an inner area 45 located radially outward and inward of the annular area 43, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, and neither of the two areas 44 and 45 is formed with any protrusions 51, which bring about the following inconveniences: since no protrusions are formed in the outer and inner areas 44 and 45, when the stamp 41 is pressed against the resin layer 103, there occurs concentration of pressure on an outer peripheral portion 104b (see FIG. 20) of the convex/concave pattern-forming area 104 and an inner peripheral portion 104c (see FIG. 20) of the same. For this reason, the depth of recesses (height of protrusions) formed in the outer and inner peripheral portions 104b and 104c of the convex/concave pattern-forming area 104 becomes larger than the depth of recesses (larger than the height of protrusions) formed in a central portion 104a of the convex/concave pattern-forming area 104, which makes the recesses non-uniform in depth. Further, since the pressure is concentrated on the outer and inner peripheral portions 104b and 104c of the convex/concave pattern-forming area 104, the convex/concave pattern is deformed in the outer and inner peripheral portions 104b and 104c. Moreover, there arises the problem that portions (resin material) of the convex/concave pattern in the outer and inner peripheral portions 104b and 104c adhered to the corresponding protrusions 51 of the stamp 41 are peeled off the substrate when the stamp 41 is separated from the resin layer 103. Therefore, the magnetic recording media 91 manufactured using the convex/concave pattern are formed with the discrete tracks 92 non-uniform in height (i.e. depth of the grooves separating the discrete tracks 92), and/or suffer from deformed or lost discrete tracks 92 in the outer and inner peripheral portions of the track-forming area 102, which can cause a recording error in data recording.

Convex/concave pattern-forming stamp, convex/concave pattern-forming method and magnetic recording medium


The present disclosure relates to an electronic device and a media contents reproducing method thereof. An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a reproducing unit configured to reproduce media contents; and a controller configured to generate a control signal in response to an adjustment command for a reproduction speed of the media contents. The reproducing unit may include an audio parser configured to parse an audio stream of the media contents to detect its sampling rate; and an audio decoder configured to change an inverse sampling rate corresponding to the detected sampling rate according to the control signal, and decode the audio stream based on the changed inverse sampling rate.

1. Field of the Invention
The present disclosure relates to an electronic device, and more particularly, to an electronic device capable of reproducing media contents and a media contents reproducing method thereof.
2. Description of the Related Art
Electronic device is a device provided with various electronic elements to perform a voice and video communication function, an information input, output and storage function, and the like, such as TV, PC, notebook computer, portable terminal, and the like.
As the functions become diversified, the electronic device is implemented in the form of a multimedia player having complicated functions such as capturing still or moving images, playing music or video files, gaming, receiving broadcast, and the like. Moreover, the improvement of structural or software elements of the electronic device may be taken into consideration to support and enhance the functions of the electronic device.
Owing to the foregoing improvement, an electronic device may provide the function of controlling a reproduction speed during the reproduction of media contents. However, in order to control the reproduction speed of media contents using the conventional method, it may be required to have a complicated control for each functional block and undesirable noise may be generated.

Electronic device and media contents reproducing method thereof


A method and system for compiler optimization includes analyzing a representation of source code to identify an original conditional construct having both a high-latency instruction and one or more instructions dependent on the high-latency instruction in a branch of the conditional construct. A set of one or more instructions following the conditional construct in the representation of source code and independent of the high-latency instruction is selected. An optimized representation of the source code is generated, whereby the optimized representation replaces the original conditional construct with a first split conditional construct positioned prior to the selected set of one or more instructions and a second split conditional construct positioned following the selected set of one or more instructions, The method further includes generating an executable representation of the source code based on the optimized representation of the source code.

Shaders or other software compiled for execution at graphics processing units (GPUs) or similar processors frequently execute relatively high-latency operations, such as fetching data stored at location in memory. When a high-latency instruction and an instruction that is dependent on completion of the high-latency instruction are both implemented in an If-Then construct, If-Then-Else, or other conditional construct, considerable delay is introduced as execution of the workload stalls until the high-latency operation completes. To illustrate, if an If-Then construct includes an instruction to fetch data from a memory address and then an instruction that uses that fetched data, the instructions following the if-then-else construct cannot execute until the fetch has completed and the dependent instruction in the construct likewise has completed execution with the fetched data. As the typical lower-latency instruction may take only a few cycles on average to complete compared to the hundreds or thousands of cycles needed to complete a high-latency operation like a fetch operation, the stall while waiting for the fetch operation in this example precludes tens, if not hundreds, of other instructions from being executed.

Conditional construct splitting for latency hiding


A timepiece having a housing and at least one decorative element mounted for rotation relative to the housing. The mounting comprises a rotary member supporting the decorative element and rotatably mounted on a shaft connected to the housing, a stationary gear mounted on the shaft, a drive motor mounted on the rotary member for rotation therewith, and a pinion for engaging the drive motor with the stationary gear to effect rotation of the decorative element.

Prior Art
Typical gimmicky clocks for domestic use in the prior art are a cuckoo clock featured in that a door opens and a cuckoo appears to sign at the hour, and a similar clock featured in that a doll on a terrace rotates in harmony with a melody of a music box after a door opens and a cuckoo sings at the hour. In such clocks, rotary gears and stationary gears are used to cause the rotational motion. On the other hand, large gimmicky clocks use turning devices comprising air cylinders, air pressure control units, limit switches, etc. In either case, such a turning device is arranged outside a moving section.

Device for turning decoration for timepiece


An embodiment provides a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) array substrate comprising a substrate and multilayer array patterns formed on the substrate, and a detecting mark, which is used to detect the size or alignment deviation of one array pattern among the multilayer array patterns and provided in a region of the substrate where the multilayer array patterns are not provided. The detecting mark comprises a detecting area and a detecting pattern which is provided in the same layer as the array pattern to be detected, the detecting pattern is located within the detecting area, and the detecting pattern has transmissivity or reflectivity different from that of the remaining area in the detecting area other than the detecting pattern.

An embodiment of the invention relates to a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) array substrate, a method and an apparatus for detecting size or alignment deviation of multilayer patterns.
TFT-LCDs have been dominating the flat panel display market due to their advantages such as small volume, low power consumption and being free of radiation. A TFT-LCD is formed by assembling together an array substrate and a color filter substrate. On the array substrate, gate lines and data lines, which intersect with each other, are provided so as to define pixels, and a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel. By applying driving signals on gate lines, image data are applied to pixel electrodes in pixels via data lines. Orientation of liquid crystal molecules between the array substrate and the color filter substrate is controlled by voltage applied through the pixel electrodes so as to control the resultant intensity of the light passing therethrough, and then with the color filter substrate, an image can be presented on the panel of the TFT-LCD.
Currently, during the manufacturing process of a TFT-LCD, the sizes of the multilayer patterns formed on the TFT-LCD array substrate need to be detected so as to assure the uniformity of the process parameters and the stability of the product properties. The detecting may be conducted as follows. A microscope is moved to a certain area to be detected and a shot is taken with respect to the specified patterns in the area, and then the line width of the targeted pattern in the taken picture is obtained by using an image processing program. Generally speaking, the detecting process comprises the following steps: moving a glass substrate (the array substrate) to a detecting base station, aligning the glass substrate, positioning the detecting coordinate system, taking a picture of a certain area, conducting grey identification and measurement on the line width, and the like. With the above steps, the sizes of the patterns on the array substrate can be measured.
It is noted that the conventional detecting method for the TFT-LCD array substrate is time-consuming, and about 20 minutes to 30 minutes are taken to detect one array substrate due to the fussy detecting steps. Therefore, this results in lengthening of the whole production time and disadvantageously influences the production efficiency in the mass production.

TFT-LCD array substrate, method and apparatus for detecting size or alignment deviation of multilayer patterns

Beijing Boe Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.


The present invention provides a conjugate in essentially pure form comprising a sugar linked to a protein through a peptide linker, wherein said sugar has a reducing terminal and is free of carboxyl groups, and wherein the reducing terminal of said sugar is linked to the peptide linker. The present invention further provides a conjugate in essentially pure form comprising a sugar linked to an enzyme through a peptide linker, wherein said sugar has a reducing terminal and is free of carboxyl groups, and wherein the reducing terminal of said sugar is linked to the peptide linker. The present invention additionally provides a conjugate in essentially pure form comprising a sugar linked to lysozyme through a peptide linker, wherein said sugar has a reducing terminal and is free of carboxyl groups, and wherein the reducing terminal of said sugar is linked to the peptide linker.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a hybrid, which has a sugar having a reducing terminal and containing no carboxyl group bound with lysozyme through a peptide linkage and a process for producing the same, and the object is to enhance the stability of lysozyme. Further, another object is to provide an activated sugar which is a sugar having a reducing terminal and containing no carboxyl group bound with N-hydroxysuccinimide through a peptide linkage which activated sugar is necessary to produce the above sugar-lysozyme hybrid, and a process for producing the activated sugar.
2. Description of Related Art
Proteins are constituted by a primary structure formed by linking 20 kinds of amino acids and a steric structure defined by the above primary structure. It has already been known that proteins have various functions, and even proteins stable in vivo become unstable when used in vitro.
When superior functions of proteins are applied to various uses, proteins have the following drawbacks:
1 they are unstable to heat, alkalies and acids and liable to be denatured;
2 they are insoluble in organic solvents and liable to lose their activity;
3 they have antigenic properties; etc.
In order to overcome these drawbacks, proteins have been chemically modified. Such chemical modification of proteins into a protein hybrid has made it possible to compensate the above drawbacks. Various processes have been proposed for such chemical modification. Among these processes, the most often employed one is a process of using as a modifying agent, a polyethylene glycol (hereinafter abbreviated to PEG) which is a non-immunity synthetic high-molecular weight compound.
According to the above process, as illustrated below in the equations, a synthesized substance (an activated PEG) is prepared from monomethoxypolyethylene glycol and a cyanuric chloride (2,4,6-trichloro-S-triazine), followed by reacting this activated PEG with a protein to produce a PEG-protein hybrid.
Utilizing this protein-hybrid, various application examples, as shown below, have been reported, but practical commercially employed examples appear to be few. This is because the activated PEG is unstable; no product having uniform properties is obtained; cyanuric chloride raises a tohieity problem; the reaction of the activated PEG with proteins does not occur quantitatively and smoothly; etc. ##STR1##
The application examples of PEG-protein hybrid are shown below.
(1) PEG-asparaginase (T. Pharmac., Y. Kamisaki et al; Exp. Therap. 216, 410) .
This hybrid prolongs the half-life period in blood of asparaginase as an antitumor enzyme and reduces its antigenic properties.
(2) By utilizing a PEG-enzyme hybrid, enzyme reactions have been made possible even in organic solvents (Y. Imada et al; Trends in Biotechnology 4 190(1986), K. Takahashi et al; J.Org Chem 50 3414(1985) K. Takahashi et al; Enzyme 32 235 (1984) K.Takahashi et al; Bioch em Biophys Res. Commun:125 761(1984)).
Catalase, lipase, chymotrypsin, peroxidase, etc.
(3) PEG-adenosine deaminase (M.S. Hershfield et al; N. Engl. J. Mol. 316,493 (1985))
Among genetic enzyme-deficient phenomena, there is adenosine aminase (ADA)-deficient phenomenon. When this ADA is administered, if it is made up into PEG-ADA hybrid, it has been reported that this hybrid has effects of notably prolonging the half-life period in blood, etc.
(4) PEG-interleukin 2 (Taiji Imoto; Chemistry and Organism, Vol. 27, page 426, 1989)
Interleukin 2 which is a kind of lymphokines has been mass-produced according to recombinant DNA technique, but it is deficient in a sugar chain so that it is unstable, but when it is made up into PEG-interleukin 2 hybrid, it could have been stabilized and also its antitumor effect could have been improved.
In order to make up a hybrid with proteins, sugars have been also utilized besides PEG. As processes utilizing sugars, there are the following processes (i) to (iv), and the effects of the resulting hybrids are almost the same as those in the case of PEG: ##STR2##
The process (i) has drawbacks that the reaction with periodic acid is so severe that sugars are often decomposed; binding with proteins requires the use of a reducing agent; there is a possibility that proteins are denatured; etc.
The process (ii) has drawbacks that poisonous bromine cyanide is used; when proteins are bound, it is necessary to-severely adjust the pH in the process; etc.
The process (iii) has drawbacks that cyanuric chloride is poisonous; the reaction of cyanuric acid with sugars does not progress smoothly.
The process (iv) has drawbacks that sugars crosslink with each other due to epichlorohydrin; etc. The drawbacks common to these processes consist in that since the above respective substances react with --OH of the constituting sugars, the binding position is indefinite and also since they react with any --OH of sugars, the properties specific to the respective sugars are lost.
Lysozyme as a bacteriolytic enzyme has been broadly used for medical industry, etc., and in order to enhance its stability, high-level techniques are required or cumbersome operations are required; for example, the composition of constituting amino acids varies according to the gene engineering technique used; crosslinking is carried out between the objective amino acids (see, Taiji Imoto; Chemistry and Organism, Vol. 27, page 426, 1989).

Conjugate including a sugar and peptide linker


Provided is a static eliminator with dust removal feature. The static eliminator includes an ion generator, a dust-removing main body and a dust-collecting device. The dust-removing main body has a workpiece-passing channel passing through the dust-removing main body. A dust-scraping member is disposed on a sidewall of the workpiece-passing channel. A blow vent of the ion generator communicates with said workpiece-passing channel and faces to the dust-scraping member. An inlet end of the dust-collecting device communicates with the workpiece-passing channel.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a static eliminator with dust removal feature, and more particularly to a static eliminator with dust removal feature for cleaning the dust on the workpiece surfaces and eliminating the static electricity thereof before the workpieces being mounted or assembled.
2. Description of the Prior Art
At present, with the development of science and technology, many products such as connectors are becoming thinner, lighter and smaller so assembly requirements for workpieces have become higher and higher.
One requirement for the workpieces is removing flash formed on the workpieces or swarfs dropped thereon. As we all know, because the friction between the workpieces and other objects can generate static electricity during insert-molding, transportation and so on, surfaces of each workpiece may adsorb a lot of dusts. If the dusts and the swarfs adsorbed on the workpiece surfaces are not effectively cleaned, they will make the workpiece surfaces by surface treatment be uneven and make the adhesive force between the spraying material and the workpiece surfaces be weak. Moreover, the dusts and the swarfs adsorbed on the workpiece surfaces maybe affect product functions. Therefore, it is important to clean the workpiece surfaces before assembling the workpiece with other components.
In order to effectively clean the dusts or the swarfs adsorbed on the workpiece surfaces, the prior dust removal method is employing a static fan, which could provide an amount of airflow having positive or negative electric charges to blow the dusts or the swarfs off and neutralize the static electricity on the workpiece surfaces. If the electric charges on the workpiece surfaces are negative, they can attract the positive electric charges of the airflow to neutralize the static electricity on the workpiece surfaces. If the electric charges on the workpiece surfaces are positive, they can attract the negative electric charges of the airflow neutralize the static electricity on the workpiece surfaces. Whereby the prior method can obtain the purpose of eliminating the static electricity. At the same time, the dusts adsorbed on the workpiece surfaces can be blown off by the airflow of the static fan thereby obtaining the purpose of cleaning the workpiece surfaces.
However, above prior dust removal method still cannot effectively clean the stubborn dusts on the workpiece surfaces. And the dusts, which are blown off and flying in the air, maybe cause our surroundings to be polluted and maybe float down on the workpiece surfaces again, thus reducing the cleaning effect.
In view of above described problems, it is desired to develop a static eliminator with dust removal feature that overcomes these problems.

Static eliminator with dust removal feature


An integrated active electrical waveguide is described for optical waveguide modulators. The active waveguide may include an optical waveguide, a plurality of modulators integrated into the waveguide to modulate the index of refraction of the waveguide, and a plurality of local amplifiers, each coupled to a modulator.

Electro-optic modulators find significant use in fiber optic communication systems to modulate data onto a light beam. Light is conducted through a waveguide and electrical signals are applied across the waveguide to apply a modulation to the light beam. Lithium niobate is a common material for such modulators because it works well as a waveguide for light and also exhibits excellent properties for modulating light with electrical inputs. However, lithium niobate is not a good material for semiconductor circuitry. As a result, a lithium niobate modulator requires a separate chip, typically silicon, to carry circuitry for the phase modulator. Electrical wires connect the two silicon chip outputs to the lithium niobate chip. In addition, modulating light with a lithium niobate modulator requires typically a swing of 5 V; a swing that modern CMOS processes cannot easily supply. A much less expensive modulator may be made by putting both the circuitry and the waveguide on the same chip, however, silicon is not a good material for a light waveguide.
In order to have a long interaction length between the electrical signal and optical wave in an electro-optic modulator, most electro-optic modulators include a long waveguide. An example of such a waveguide is a Mach-Zehnder lithium niobate modulator. Such a modulator will normally have electro-optic material (i.e. lithium niobate) embedded in an electrical waveguide with the modulating electrical field penetrating the electro-optic material of the optical waveguide. The electrical waveguide will typically have a characteristic impedance of about 50 Ohms and can be driven by a 50 Ohm driver.
Semiconductor modulators constructed similar to a Mach Zehner lithium niobate modulator have a much higher capacitance per unit length. This creates a much higher electrical load and a much slower phase velocity. The low phase velocity can cause a phase mismatch between the optical and the electrical wave as the two waves travel along the waveguide. One effect of the phase mismatch is to limit the maximum data rate of the communication system that uses the semiconductor modulator.
It is very difficult to change the inductance per unit length of a semiconductor waveguide by changing its geometry, that is the shape, depth, width, or length of the waveguide. The inductance is only weakly dependent on the geometry of the waveguide and normally will remain within a range of 1 to 1.3 nH/mm. Changing the waveguide geometry also has other significant effects on the modulator and the geometry cannot be changed freely without considering the many other factors that are affected.

Integrated active electrical waveguide for optical waveguide modulators


A mobile polystyrene foam waste recycling method and system are disclosed. The system includes a mobile housing or mobile container that houses a polystyrene foam densifying machine. The foam densifying machine reduces the size of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) and PS polystyrene material into a marketable product. The mobile container includes secure access doors, electrical connections, lighting, exhaust fans, and storage bins for EPS waste. The waste recycling system provides a mobile outdoor or indoor recycling facility and collection center where EPS/PS may be recycled instead of being sent to a landfill.

The two basic types of polystyrene suitable for recycling are EPS polystyrene, IE expanded polystyrene, and PS, IE polystyrene. EPS is the expanded type foam used for packaging. PS is the condensed foam commonly used in the food service industry for cups and food clamshells. EPS material is also known as Styrofoam (Dow Chemical Trademarked name) and its recycling symbol is the number 6. EPS foam and PS densifying machines are utilized to reduce the size of EPS/PS Polystyrene material into marketable products.
EPS foam and PS polystyrene densifying machines, regardless of the manufacturers, are normally not constructed for outdoor use and are normally utilized at indoor locations. A typical EPS polystyrene/PS polystyrene densifier machine is not weather resistant by design so an outdoor recycling center operated by a municipality, county, school or college currently has no option to recycle and reduce the size of EPS material.
By encapsulating an EPS/PS densifying machine in a mobile container configured as an EPS polystyrene/PS polystyrene recycling environment, the foam densifying machine may be operated in the vicinity of an indoor or outdoor recycling and collection center, thus enabling the site to collect and recycle EPS polystyrene/PS polystyrene material that would otherwise be sent to a landfill.
Therefore, there is a need for a method and system for efficient indoor or outdoor recycling of EPS polystyrene/PS polystyrene waste. The claimed invention is an improvement over current methods and systems for recycling EPS polystyrene/PS polystyrene waste.

Method and system for recycling polystyrene waste


An electrical connector is to be connected to a mating electrical connector in a connecting direction. The electrical connector includes a terminal; and a housing for holding the terminal. The terminal includes a board connecting portion to be connected to a board; a holding portion fixed to the housing; a contact region for contacting a mating contact portion of the mating electrical connector; a contact piece capable of elastically deforming; and a contact portion formed at a distal end portion of the contact piece. The housing includes an inner piece portion and an outer piece portion. The contact piece is disposed between the inner piece portion and the outer piece portion. The outer piece portion includes inner piece holding portions at both sides thereof. The inner piece holding portions are away from each other by a distance greater than a width of the inner piece portion.

The present invention relates to an electrical connector. More specifically, the present invention relates to an inter-board electrical connector for connecting a circuit board.
A conventional inter-board electrical connector has been used for electrically connecting circuit boards arranged on a same plane. For example, Patent Reference has disclosed a configuration of the conventional inter-board electrical connector. The conventional inter-board electrical connector disclosed in Patent Reference includes a male connector and a female connector mounted on the circuit boards. In this case, the male connector has a shape difference from that of the female connector. The male connector is configured to connect to the female connector, so that the circuit boards are electrically connected to each other.
Patent Reference: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-272291
In the conventional inter-board electrical connector disclosed in Patent Reference, the male connector and the female connector are mounted on and fixed to the circuit boards. Then, the male connector is connected to the female connector, so that the circuit boards are electrically connected to each other. Accordingly, if the male connector is even slightly shifted relative to the female connector on the circuit boards, it is difficult to properly connect the male connector to the female connector. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately mount the male connector and the female connector on the circuit boards. For this reason, if the male connector and the female connector mounted on the circuit boards are connected with some flexibility, it is convenient when the male connector is connected to the female connector.
Further, in the conventional inter-board electrical connector disclosed in Patent Reference, the male connector has the different shape from that of the female connector. Accordingly, it is necessary to produce the male connector and the female connector separately, thereby making it difficult to reduce the production cost and the assembly cost.
In view of the problems described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a electrical connector and an image forming apparatus capable of solving the problems of the conventional electrical connector and the conventional image forming apparatus. In the present invention, it is possible to reduce a stain generated on a sheet.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the invention.


A heating magnetic body for a cooking container for an induction range includes a base plate having a bottom exposed to the bottom of a cooking container and elastic support parts, each part having both ends face each other in the base plate and cut off so that the center of each part is upward protruded and both ends being upward bent in such a way as to be connected to the base plate and having a center downward inclined and curved toward both ends, wherein if the cooking container is formed in a mold, when an upper mold corresponding to a lower mold in which the base plate is seated is pressurized, the elastic support parts come into contact with the bottom of the upper mold simultaneously and are elastically supported to reach a top of the bottom of the upper mold B1 after the cooking container is formed.

The present invention relates to a heating magnetic body for a cooking container for an induction range and, more particularly, to a heating magnetic body for a cooking container for an induction range, wherein a magnetic material that generates heat in response to the magnetic field of an induction range according to a high frequency induction heating method can be disposed at the bottom of a cooking container more solidly and precisely in such a way as to be matched with a mold when the cooking container is fabricated.
In general, an induction range is one of electric ranges using electricity as a heating source. The demand for the induction range is recently suddenly increased due to advantages of no oxygen consumption, no discharge of waste gas, and high energy efficiency and stability.
When a high frequency current is supplied to a coil, an AC magnetic current is generated from the coil, an eddy current is generated from a magnetic body, and heat is generated from the magnetic body according to Joule's heat of the eddy current. A cooking container made of non-magnetic metal, such as an aluminum alloy, cannot be used in the induction range. Accordingly, magnetic metal must be attached to the bottom of a common heating container made of a non-magnetic metal material so that the heating container generates heat in response to an AC magnetic current generated from the coil of the induction range.
To this end, in a conventional technology, as disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0038486 (May 8, 2004), there is a technology in which a conductive plate (i.e., magnetic body) is directly attached to the bottom of the main body of a cooking container made of an aluminum alloy. As disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0090585 (Nov. 28, 2003), there is a technology in which a magnetic plate, a non-magnetic plate and a magnetic plate are sequentially stacked on the bottom of the body of a kitchen container fabricated by die-casting through high frequency thermosetting. However, if the magnetic body is attached to the bottom of the container made of an aluminum alloy in a sheet form as described above, when heat of a high temperature is generated from the magnetic body of the induction range, there is a problem in that a phenomenon in which the bottom of the container is inward bulged is generated because the bottom of the container made of an aluminum alloy and the elongation of the magnetic plate are different or in that the bottom of the container and the magnetic plate is twisted and separated.
In order to overcome such problems, as disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0095799 (Dec. 28, 2002), there is a technology in which after protrusions and holes (or grooves) that are press-fitted each other are formed at locations where the main body of a container made of aluminum and a stainless plate of a conductor correspond to each other, they are stacked and pressurized. As disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0010381 (Feb. 5, 2001), there is a technology in which a plurality of holes in which a plurality of cut-off parts and trapping means have been formed is perforated into a metal heating plate of a conductor, the metal heating plate is located in a mold, and aluminum pouring is pressurized and coagulated so that the metal heating plate is integrated with an aluminum alloy, wherein a peel-off prevention jaw is configured in the hole of the heating plate, that is, a conductor. In Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0095799, although the protrusions and the holes are formed in the container and the conductor or the holes are slantly formed, the conductor is easily detached from the container when the heating container is frequently heated and used or the phenomenon in which the container is inward bulged from the bottom of the container cannot be prevented from occurring. In Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0010381, although the plurality of cut-off parts and holes for reducing thermal expansion of the heating plate, that is, a conductor, are perforated, the bulging phenomenon toward the inside of the bottom of the container made of an aluminum alloy having high elongation is generated because the inside and outside of the bottom of the container have different elongations due to different materials. Furthermore, separation cannot be fully prevented.
In order to solve such problems, as disclosed in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-0024630 (Mar. 8, 2010), there is a technology in which a conductive plate is equipped with a trapping member 200 capable of being closely coupled to an induction container. Such a technology has an effect in that the induction container and the conductive plate can be coupled more closely, but has problems in that the conductive plate is merely located at the bottom of the container, the conductive plate is not pressurized and fixed between the upper mold and lower mold of a mold when the induction container is pressurized and formed by the upper mold and lower mold, and thus the molten matter of the induction container is bulged to the bottom of the conductive plate 100 as shown in FIG. 7.

Heating magnetic body for cooking container for an induction range


A new and distinct cultivar of Salvia plant named ‘Purple & Bloom’, characterized by its dark violet-colored flowers, dark green-colored foliage, and vigorous, upright growth habit, is disclosed.

The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of Salvia plant botanically known as Salvia hybrid and hereinafter referred to by the cultivar name 'Purple & Bloom'.
The new cultivar originated in a controlled breeding program in Hem, the Netherlands during August 2014. The objective of the breeding program was the development of Salvia cultivars having large flowers with attraction coloration, dark green-colored foliage, and a vigorous, highly branched, upright growth habit.
The new Salvia cultivar is the result of cross-pollination. The female (seed) parent of the new cultivar is Vista Red & White 'PAS3287', not patented, characterized by its red and white bicolored flowers, dark green-colored foliage, and moderately vigorous, compact, columnar-upright growth habit. The male (pollen) parent of the new cultivar is 'Blue Enigma', not patented, characterized by its deep blue-colored flowers, dark green-colored foliage, and vigorous, upright growth habit. The new cultivar was discovered and selected as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the above stated cross-pollination during March 2015 in a controlled environment in Hem, the Netherlands.
Asexual reproduction of the new cultivar by terminal stem cuttings since March 2015 in Hem, the Netherlands and Arroyo Grande, Calif. has demonstrated that the new cultivar reproduces true to type with all of the characteristics, as herein described, firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of such asexual propagation.


A multiple-time ink-bearing medium containing a thermally-transferable ink for thermal printing, produced in a process comprising: preparing a resin solution of a water-soluble resin comprising polyvinyl alcohol as a major constituent; preparing a fusible ink material consisting of a mixture which includes a solid fatty acid as a major constituent, a coloring agent, and a fusible agent having a low melting point; finely dispersing the ink material in the resin solution, so as to provide an ink-layer composition; applying the ink-layer composition to one surface of a substrate; and drying the applied ink-layer composition to form an ink layer on the substrate.

1. Field of the Art
The present invention relates to a multiple-time ink-bearing medium containing a thermally transferable ink material, which is used for a thermal printer.
2. Related Art Statement
In the field of thermal printing, there has been used a thermal print ribbon made of a sheet (hereinafter referred to as "thermal print sheet") which comprises a substrate, and a layer of a thermally-fusible and- transferable ink composition formed on one surface of the substrate. The ink composition consists of a coloring agent and a binder. In use, the ink composition on the heated portions of the print ribbon is transferred to a recording sheet of paper. Therefore, the thermal print ribbon, once used, can not serve again, namely, the same area of the print ribbon cannot be used two or more times. Accordingly, such a "one-time" or "single-use" thermal print ribbon is not economical to use.
To overcome the above economical drawback, the following three different types of thermal print sheets for multiple-time thermal print ribbons have recently been proposed:
The first proposed thermal print sheet is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application which was laid open in 1982 under Publication No. 57-160691. This print sheet for a multiple-time thermal print ribbon is prepared by mixing carbon black or other coherent or coagulant powder into an ink composition which consists of a fusible dye and a material having a low melting point, and by applying the mixture to a substrate. The carbon black or similar coherent powder contained in such a thermal print sheet does not at all contributes to formation of an image, that is, the image is formed by the fusible dye.
Since images to be formed by dyes tend to be easily faded, the above thermal print sheet suffers from a problem of permanency of a printed image, i.e., does not provide a long life of printed documents.
The second proposed thermal print sheet for a thermal print ribbon comprises an ink-impregnated layer of heat-resistant resin formed on a substrate, which resin layer has a large number of continuous small pores or voids filled with a fusible ink. This thermal print sheet or ribbon is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application laid open in 1980 under Publication No. 55-105579. However, this type of thermal print sheet requires complicated steps for forming the porous resin layer on the substrate, and is difficult to efficiently impregnate the porous resin layer with the fusible ink with uniform distribution.
Accordingly, the second proposal suffers from low uniformity of optical density of printed images, and therefore fails to provide satisfactory printing quality.
The thermal print sheet of the third proposal is prepared by using a solution of a resin in which an ink material is dissolved and/or dispersed. This solution is applied to a substrate, and the solvent in the coating is evaporated. As a result, a finely porous layer of the resin is obtained, which contains masses of fusible ink. This method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application laid open in 1979 under Publication No. 54-68253.
However, any of the thermal print sheets disclosed in the document indicated just above requires an extremely larger amount of energy input to fuse the ink material, than the conventional thermal print sheet for a one-time thermal print ribbon.

Multiple-time ink-bearing medium for thermal printing


A mechanical linkage characterizer for varying the movement of one output linkage with respect to an input from a linkage includes a generally box-like housing with a carriage mounted on tracks within the housing with a pivotally mounted output arm carried on the movable carriage and a pair of elongated variable contour stationary cams positioned adjacent the track for pivotally moving the output arm in response to movement of the carriage along the tracks.

The present invention relates to control linkages and pertains particularly to a mechanical linkage characterizer for selectively altering the output characteristics of a linkage.
Many actuating systems employ mechanical linkages to control the positioning of two or more elements or devices having a desired relationship to one another. A typical example is the controlling of the fuel and combustion air to furnaces, boilers and the like. The typical fossil fuel fired boilers and furnaces employ a control system utilizing a thermostatically responsive actuator controlling the positioning of the fuel supply valve and the air intake damper to the combustion chamber. Such a control device may vary the fuel valve and the associated air damper over a given range for providing the level of desired heat generation.
The mechanical linkage systems used, however, do not always provide the optimum ratio of fuel-to-air for efficient combustion.
With the dramatic increase in the cost of fuel in recent years, the efficiency of boilers, furnaces and the like have become critical. Whereas it is possible with most linkage systems to provide optimum efficiency at one or more settings, it is not possible to provide optimum efficiency over the full range of the control settings.
It is therefore desirable that a simple and inexpensive, mechanical linkage characterizer be available for providing optimum efficiency over the full range of the control settings.


A cardboard, paperboard, or fiberboard carton having a generally-rectangular parallepiped configuration is constructed and utilized so that even when the carton is deep, items packed at the bottom of the carton can be easily removed. Side panels of the parallepiped carton each have vertical corners extending along the lengths of its edges. The lines of separation are formed at the corners defining one of the side panels. The lines of separation, such as through-extending slits or perforations, are spaced from but near the top of the container (e.g., at a distance about one to four inches from the top of the container) and extend several inches toward the middle of the container, being spaced from the bottom. A horizontal score line may be provided at the bottom of the lines of separation, to facilitate bending over the side panel between the lines of separation once the top of the carton has been unpacked and it is desirable to unpack the bottom of the container.

Cartons or containers of cardboard, paperboard, or fiberboard are one of the most common mechanisms for the transportation of goods, providing relatively secure and inexpensive packaging for goods during transport. Many different goods--for example, tubes of textured yarn--are packaged in deep containers. The containers are deep enough so that it is difficult to remove the packaged goods, such as yarn tubes, that are on the bottom of the container, such goods not being within easy reach of a worker bending over a side panel of the container. While packaging of deep containers is relatively simply since special tilt tables or related devices are utilized at the packaging site, such special devices are rarely available where the goods are to be unpacked.
There have been many systems proposed in the prior art to facilitate unpacking of the bottoms of deep cartons. Some prior art proposals provide angled score lines extending from the top of the carton to a mid-point of the carton, in one of the side panels, to facilitate access to the bottom of the container through that side panel. Oftentimes, a slit is defined in the carton bisecting the angled score lines, and extending from the top of the carton to the intersection of the score lines. According to another proposal, one of the side panels is formed with a flap portion, having sides that are detached from the rest of the panel, and spaced from the corners of the carton. Typically, tape is used to hold the edges of the flap--which extend all the way up to the top of the carton--in place until access to the bottom of the carton is needed, at which time the tape is removed and the flap is folded down.
While such prior proposals can provide effective structures for allowing access to the bottom of the containers, they require a number of extra steps in the formation of the carton, or provide a carton that is weaker than desirable during shipment.
According to the present invention, a carton, a method of constructing a carton, and a method of unpacking a carton, are provided which have advantages over a number of prior art proposals. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide for the ready unpacking of the bottom of a deep carton while requiring only a few minor additional operations in the manufacture of the carton, and while maximizing carton integrity during transportation. That is, the mechanisms that are utilized for facilitating the carton bottom unpacking do not substantially weaken the structural integrity of the carton when it is used for its primary goods-transporting purpose.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a cardboard carton is provided. While in the present specification and claims the carton will be described as having a "cardboard" construction, it is to be understood that the term "cardboard" is used in a broad sense, and includes paperboard and fiberboard, corrugated or uncorrugated, and like conventional carton materials.
One aspect of the invention relates to a cardboard container of generally a rectangular parallepiped shape, comprising four side panels defining the walls of the parallepiped and having a top and a bottom, and connected together at generally vertically extending corners and having a bottom. Means are provided defining a line of separation at least the corners on opposite sides of one of the panels, the lines of separation in the corners being adjacent, but spaced from, the top of the panel and the lines of separation having sufficient length so that upon impacting or cutting the portions of the corners above the lines of separation the upper portion of the side panel may be readily detached at said corners, and folded over to allow ready access to the bottom interior of the parallepiped. The lines of separation preferably are through-extending slits, but may also be perforations. For a typical construction for a deep carton, the lines of separation start at a point about one to four inches from the top of the carton, and extend several inches down toward the central portion of the carton. It is also desirable to provide a horizontal score line in the panel between the lines of separation. The horizontal score line preferably is at the bottoms of the lines of separation, and provides for easy folding over of the side panel when it is desired to unpack the bottom of the carton.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of constructing a cardboard generally rectangular parallepiped shaped container having four side panels, and a bottom, so that at least one of said side panels may be readily bent over from a top portion thereof to allow access to the bottom interior of the container. The method comprises the step of defining lines of separation in two adjacent corners, on opposite sides of the same panel, the lines of separation extending from a point near, but spaced from, the top of the corner to a more central point of the corner, spaced a relatively large distance from the bottom of the container. The step of defining the lines of separation may be practiced by defining through extending slits, or perforations, and preferably the step of defining a horizontal score line in the side panel between the lines of separation is also provided.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of opening a cardboard carton having a generally-rectangular parallepiped shape with four side panels and corners interconnecting the side panels, each side panel being defined by two adjacent vertically-extending corners, the carton having a top and a bottom, and lines of separation in a pair of adjacent corners, the lines of separation near, but spaced from, the top of the carton so that adjacent side panels are connected at the corner above said lines of separation by a connecting portion. The method comprises the steps of opening up the top of the carton, unpacking articles from the upper portions of the carton, severing the connecting portions at the top of the carton, folding down the side panel at a horizontal portion at the bottom of the lines of separation, and unloading the bottom of the carton. The step of severing the connecting portions may be practiced by a worker impacting the connecting portions with his/her hands, or by cutting them with a blade, or even tearing up from the lines of separation (especially where the lines of separation are through-extending slits). The folding over step may be practiced at a horizontal score line in the panel being folded over.
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide for the simple, inexpensive, yet effective transportation of goods in deep cardboard cartons, and the ready unloading of the bottoms of the cartons. This and other objects of the invention will become clear from an inspection of the detailed description of the invention, and from the appended claims.


In general, to provide acknowledgment information by a first wireless device, the first wireless device sends repeated instances of acknowledgment information in respective first and second frame structures, in response to receipt of first information from a second wireless device. In addition, the first wireless device also sends further acknowledgment information in the second frame structure that is responsive to second information received from the second wireless device.

Various wireless access technologies have been proposed or implemented to enable mobile stations to perform communications with other mobile stations or with wired terminals coupled to wired networks. Examples of wireless access technologies include GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) technologies, defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP); and CDMA 2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000) technologies, defined by 3GPP2.
As part of the continuing evolution of wireless access technologies to improve spectral efficiency, to improve services, to lower costs, and so forth, new standards have been proposed. One such new standard is the Long Term Evolution (LTE) (also referred to as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA) standard) from 3GPP, which seeks to enhance the UMTS technology.
In a wireless communications network, information is communicated wirelessly between mobile stations and base stations. In response to information received in the downlink (from base station to a mobile station), the mobile station can send acknowledgment information to either provide a positive acknowledge (ACK) of successful receipt of the data, or negative acknowledgment (NAK) to indicate that the data was not successfully received. To improve reliability, a recent development of LTE proposed use of ACK/NAK repetition, in which a mobile station repeats the sending of an ACK or NAK in response to downlink information from the base station, to improve the likelihood that the base station receives the ACK or NAK. This may be particularly useful when the mobile station is in a region of a cell or cell sector that has relatively poor wireless conditions, such as at the edge of the cell or cell sector, or in another location associated with obstructions that may result in reduced signal strength or increased noise.
An issue associated with repetition of ACK/NAK is that in response to consecutively received pieces of downlink information, the acknowledgment information for such consecutively received pieces of information may collide, which may cause the base station to not reliably receive the acknowledgment information associated with the consecutively transmitted pieces of downlink information.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Providing acknowledgement information by a wireless device


A structure for testing external connections to semiconductor devices. The structure includes an external electrical path between selected external connections on the semiconductor devices.

The present invention relates to a structure and method for testing external connections on semiconductor devices. The present invention also relates to a method for forming a structure for testing external connections on semiconductor devices.
Semiconductor device manufacturing involves many process and testing steps. This testing often includes testing the functioning of elements of the semiconductor devices as well as the integrity of the structure making up the connections and elements. Typically, the testing is carried out by contacting connections on the semiconductor devices with one or more testing apparatuses. A testing apparatus is usually connected to the connections.
The present invention provides a structure for testing external connections to semiconductor devices. The structure includes an external electrical path between selected pairs of external connections on the semiconductor devices.
Additionally, the present invention provides a method for testing external connections to a semiconductor device. The method includes providing an external electrical path between selected pairs of external connections on the semiconductor devices. Testing is then carried out by sending at least one signal through the external electrical path.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for forming a structure for testing external connections to semiconductor devices. The method includes providing a thin film of electrically insulating material. A plurality of passages are provided through the thin film of electrically insulating material. The passages are arranged in a pattern corresponding to a pattern of external connections on the semiconductor device. Electrically conducting material is provided in the plurality of passages. Electrical connections are provided between the electrically conducting material in selected pairs of the plurality of passages.
Still other objects and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent by those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein it is shown and described only the preferred embodiments of the invention, simply by way of illustration of the best mode contemplated of carrying out the invention. As will be realized, the invention is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

International Business Machines Corporation


The present invention relates to a method to improve the communication performance of a network of transceivers stations. The method comprises of a plurality of transceiver stations transmitting signals to each other, calculating the channel for the signal received at one station, and then conveying the information about the channel to the transmitting station.

Demand on cellular network capacity is growing very fast with the growth of smart phones and the wide usage of video applications. There are projections that the data traffic on the cellular wireless system will grow by 26× in 5 years. At the same time the revenue per bit ($/MByte) for service providers is going down. With spectrum being limited and expensive, capacity has to be increased by squeezing more bits into the same bandwidth. Long term Evolution (LTE) standard from the 3GPP standard body has improved the amount of data that can be packed in a given bandwidth (bits/Hz), but the improvement is incremental. The standards body 3GPP has charted out a few schemes to improve the capacity of the system, such as, Beamforming, MIMO, MU-MIMO (or network MIMO) coordinated multi-point systems (CoMP) (see 3GPP standards documents, including 3GPP TS 36.211: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation"). The recent book "LTE—The UMTS Long Term Evolution from theory to practice" by S. Sesia et al (Wiley 2011), gives a good background on the subject. The other approach to improve capacity is to use small cells (Pico cells, Femto cells). By more frequency reuse capacity can potentially be improved. However, apart from increasing infrastructure costs, small cells exacerbate interference between cells, and cell edge coverage becomes a bottleneck. All these techniques have practical limitations and these have to be fixed before any large capacity growth is possible.
The transmit channel is the channel for the signal path from the transmitter to the receiver. The transmit channel can be estimated at the receiver. However, the transmit channel is not known at the transmitter. If the transmit channel information is available at the transmitter then it can optimize the signal transmission to match its channel. In many cases the receiver station may not be able to send back the channel information due to constraints on bandwidth.

Transmission channel feedback in a wireless network


An image processing method includes: selecting an image processing module for each attribute associated with a block of image data in accordance with the content of image processing made to correspond to the attribute; generating an image processing flow for each block by use of the selected image processing module; and determining whether the image processing flow can be constructed in an image processing area. When it is determined that a processing area of the image processing flow cannot be constructed in the image processing area, the method selects an image processing flow having an image processing module which is not contained in the other image processing flows from among a plurality of the image processing flows the blocks, the selected image processing flow being constructed in the image processing area such that the processing area of the image processing flow is included in the image processing area.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, a program, and a storage medium, which are for performing high-speed image processing onto image data.
2. Description of the Related Art
A multifunctional peripheral having the functions of a copier, a printer, and the like, executes image processes such as color conversion and gradation processing of image data, to perform printing. In accordance with the development of high-speed and high-resolution multifunctional peripherals, it is necessary for image processing units of such multifunctional peripherals to perform high-speed processing of large volumes of image data.
As a technique for performing high-speed image processing, there is a technique of achieving high-speed image processing such that a plurality of image processing units are provided in a multifunctional peripheral to perform image processings in parallel.
In such a case, a multifunctional peripheral has a plurality of image processors to segment image data into blocks. Then, the multifunctional peripheral determines attributes of image data in the respective blocks of the image data and processing loads of image processes corresponding to the attributes, and performs grouping of the respective blocks into a number of image processors so as to even up its total loading.
With respect to the respective image processors of the multifunctional peripheral, an image processing flow including only image processing algorithms necessary for the image data in the respective blocks allocated by grouping is loaded into each image processor. Then, the image data in the respective blocks are supplied to each image processor, and image processes are executed on the image data in parallel, which enables to perform high-speed image processing (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-81795).
However, the number of image processors retained by the multifunctional peripheral is fixed, and a single image processing flow is allowed to be loaded into one image processor. Therefore, there is a problem that image processes to be executed on blocked image data cannot be performed in parallel over the number of image processors.
Further, the image processes have a large number of functions in order to correspond to various drawing modes, and in order to perform all the functions of the image processes, it is necessary for the multifunctional peripheral to have a high-capacity image processing area and a use memory. Therefore, assuming that many drawing modes exist in the image data in the respective blocks allocated by grouping, it is necessary for each image processor to save the maximum image processing area and memory which are necessary for its image processes. Therefore, in image processing in a simple drawing mode, an unused image processing area and memory are brought about, which is wasteful. Moreover, there is a problem that an enormous image processing area and memory are required in order to perform many image processes in parallel.
In order to solve such problems, an object of the present invention is to provide devices for constructing all image processing flows necessary for image processes on image data in the respective blocks and the maximum number of image processing flows in accordance with a capacity of an image processing area in an image processing area.

Image processing apparatus generating an image processing flow for each segmented block of image data and corresponding, image processing method, and storage medium storing program instructing a computer to execute the method


The invention relates to novel compounds with a guanidine structure, and more particularly nontoxic compounds with a silylated guanidine structure.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to compounds with a silylated guanidine structure, and to the uses thereof as catalysts for the polycondensation reaction of organopolysiloxanes.
The present invention relates to an organopolysiloxane composition that can be vulcanized at room temperature into an elastomer that is crosslinked by polycondensation and that does not contain alkyltin-based catalysts which exhibit toxicity problems.
The invention also relates to novel polycondensation catalysts in silicone chemistry, and to the uses thereof as catalysts for the polycondensation reaction of organopolysiloxanes.
2. Description of Related Art
Elastomer formulations that crosslink via polycondensation generally involve a silicone oil, generally a polydimethylsiloxane, with hydroxyl end groups, optionally prefunctionalized by a silane so as to have alkoxy ends, a crosslinker, a polycondensation catalyst, conventionally a tin salt or an alkyl titanate, a reinforcing filler and other optional additives such as bulking fillers, adhesion promoters, colorants, biocidal agents, etc.
These room-temperature vulcanizing organopolysiloxane compositions are well known and are classified into 2 different groups: single-component (RTV-1) compositions and two-component (RTV-2) compositions.
During crosslinking, water (either provided by atmospheric moisture in the case of RTV-1 compositions, or introduced into one part of the composition in the case of RTV-2 compositions) enables the polycondensation reaction, which results in the formation of the elastomeric network.
Generally, single-component (RTV-1) compositions crosslink when they are exposed to moisture from the air, that is to say that they cannot crosslink in an enclosed medium. For example, the single-component silicone compositions used as sealants or cold-setting adhesives follow a mechanism of hydrolysis of reactive functional groups of the acetoxysilane, ketiminoxysilane, alkoxysilane, etc. type, followed by condensation reactions between the silanol groups formed and other residual reactive functional groups. The hydrolysis is generally carried out by virtue of water vapor which diffuses into the material from the surface exposed to the atmosphere. Generally, the kinetics of the polycondensation reactions is extremely slow; these reactions are therefore catalyzed by a suitable catalyst. As catalysts which are used, use is most often made of catalysts based on tin, titanium, an amine or compositions of these catalysts. Catalysts based on tin (cf. in particular FR-A-2 557 582) and on titanium (cf. in particular FR-A-2 786 497) are catalysts that are very effective.
As regards two-component compositions, they are sold and stored in the form of two components, a first component containing the base polymer materials and the second component containing the catalyst. The two components are mixed at the moment of use and the mixture crosslinks in the form of a relatively hard elastomer. These two-component compositions are well known and are described, in particular, in the book by Walter Noll "Chemistry and Technology of Silicones" 1968, 2nd Edition, on pages 395 to 398. These compositions essentially comprise 4 different ingredients:                an α,ω-dihydroxydiorganopolysiloxane reactive polymer,        a crosslinking agent, generally a silicate or a polysilicate,        a tin catalyst, and        water.
Usually, the condensation catalyst is based on an organic tin compound. Indeed, many tin-based catalysts have already been proposed as crosslinking catalysts for these RTV-2 compositions. The most widely used compounds are alkyltin carboxylates such as tributyltin monooleate or dialkyltin dicarboxylates such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate or dimethyltin dilaurate (see the book by Noll "Chemistry and Technology of silicones" page 337, Academic Press, 1968-2nd Edition or patents EP 147 323 or EP 235 049).
However, the alkyltin-based catalysts, although very effective, usually colorless, liquid and soluble in silicone oils, have the drawback of being toxic (CMR2 toxic for reproduction).
Titanium-based catalysts, also widely used in RTV-1 compositions, have however a major drawback: they have slower kinetics than tin-based catalysts. Furthermore, these catalysts cannot be used in RTV-2 compositions due to gelling problems.
Other catalysts are sometimes mentioned, such as catalysts based on zinc, zirconium or aluminum, but they have only experienced minor industrial development due to their mediocre effectiveness.
Thus, catalysts of the polycondensation reaction of silicone have been developed that have a guanidine, such as tetramethylguanidine, structure, described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,719,633.
Other catalysts having a silylated guanidine structure were then developed and are described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,180,462 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,248,993.
Moreover, compounds having a silylated guanidine structure, such as tetramethyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropylguanidine described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,248,992 are also known. Such a compound is used as an antibacterial agent.
Moreover, catalysts of the Knoevenagel reaction are also known (KIM K. S., SONG J. H., KIM J. H., SEO G., Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 2003, 146, 505) of formula:

Compounds with a guanidine structure and use thereof for as organopolysiloxane polycondensation catalysts


A method in the embodiments of this application includes: generating, by a terminal device, first information, where the first information includes parameters q, m1, m2, . . . , mL, and indication information of a vector V; q is an integer, and q<Q; Q is an integer, and Q>1; 0≤ml≤N−1, and 1≤l≤L; L>1, N, L, and l are integers, and N is a quantity of subbands in a frequency domain bandwidth; and the vector V includes L elements and satisfies V=Fq×C, where C is a vector formed by N elements c1, . . . , cN, C=[c1 c2 . . . cN]T, ck is used to indicate channel state information on a kth frequency domain subband, ck is a complex number, a modulus of ck is |ck|≤1, and 1≤k≤N; and sending, by the terminal device, the first information to a network device.

A multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is widely used in a long term evolution (LTE) system. For a cell edge user, a space frequency block code (SFBC) transmission mode is used to improve a signal-to-noise ratio at a cell edge. For a cell center user, a multi-layer parallel transmission mode is used to provide a relatively high data transmission rate. If a base station end can obtain all or some information of downlink channel, a precoding technology can be used to improve signal transmission quality or a signal transmission rate. For a time division duplex (TDD) system, because an uplink radio channel and a downlink radio channel have reciprocity, a precoding weighting vector of the downlink channel may be estimated based on the uplink channel. However, for a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, because carrier frequencies of an uplink channel and a downlink channel are different, a precoding weighting vector of the downlink channel cannot be obtained by using the uplink channel. In the LTE system, a precoding weighting matrix is usually obtained by using a precoding vector fed back by a terminal user. In a fifth-generation new radio access technology (NR), a type II codebook is defined, and a precoding matrix is W=W1×W2, where W1 is a wideband feedback, wideband amplitude information pr,l,m(WB) in W2 is also a wideband feedback, and subband amplitude information pr,l,m(k) and phase information cr,l,m(k) in W2 are subband feedbacks, where r=1, 2; l=1, 2; m=1, 2, or m=1, 2, 3, or m=1, 2, 3, 4. A quantity of quantized bits of pr,l,m(k) and cr,l,m(k) determines a size of channel state information reported by UE. When W2 includes a relatively large quantity of subband coefficients and each subband coefficient requires a relatively large quantity of bits, overheads of uplink resources needed for feeding back W2 are usually large.
In an existing solution, frequency domain compression is performed on coefficients in W2, and a specific principle on which the frequency domain compression is based is as follows: For parameters on each resource block (RB), the parameters are consecutive on neighboring resource blocks, and phases are consecutive in terms of an entire bandwidth. Therefore, the parameters may be compressed in a frequency domain. A specific method includes the following steps. A vector is formed by using a phase on each RB. A Fourier transform operation is performed on the vector, and specifically, the Fourier transform operation may be an inverse discrete Fourier transformation (IDFT) or discrete Fourier transformation (DFT). Then, a coefficient with a relatively large value in a result obtained after the Fourier transform operation is quantized and fed back. Because the parameters are consecutive in the frequency domain, after the Fourier transform operation is performed for transformation, a quantity of coefficients with relatively large values is reduced. Therefore, a required feedback amount is also reduced, thereby reducing a quantity of bits.
In the existing solution, as shown in FIG. 1, when a sampling point is inaccurate, a result obtained after a Fourier transform operation has relatively severe energy dispersion. That is, there are a relatively large quantity of maximum values in values obtained after the Fourier transform. Therefore, uplink feedback overheads cannot be greatly reduced

Channel feedback method and related device


Disclosed are various embodiments for determining authentication assurance using algorithmic decay. In an embodiment, an authentication request associated with an account is received. At least one historical authentication event associated with the account is determined. A measure of authentication assurance is determined based at least in part on applying an exponential time decay to at least one authentication assurance value individually corresponding to the historical authentication event(s). A response to the authentication request is generated based at least in part on the measure of authentication assurance.

In order to access network services, users are requested to present security credentials, such as usernames and passwords, for authentication. Many services have transitioned to multi-factor authentication, where additional types of authentication factors may be required for authentication. This is to increase security and avoid account compromises in situations where a single authentication factor is compromised. Even with services that use multi-factor authentication, users may not be required to provide all factors for each log-in. For example, a user may be required to provide an additional authentication factor no more than once per device per month.

Determination of authentication assurance via algorithmic decay