A mechanism for diverting balls contained in a ball nut and screw device into and out of a ball recirculation tube includes a pair of apertures formed through the nut which extend from the outer surface thereof inwardly to the axial end of complementary helical threads formed on the screw and the nut. Within each of the apertures, a step is formed which extends partially about the inner surface thereof. A skirt deflector is provided in each of the apertures for guiding the balls into and out of the complementary threads. Each of the skirt deflectors includes an upper flange portion and a depending skirt portion. Pick-up fingers extend downwardly from the lower ends of the skirt portions further into each of the apertures. A step is defined between the skirt portion and the pick-up finger on each of the skirt deflectors. The steps formed on the skirt deflectors are positioned opposite the steps formed within the apertures when the skirt deflectors are installed therein. A tube is provided for transferring the balls between the apertures. When the tube is installed, the lowermost ends thereof abut and are supported on the steps formed in the apertures and on the steps formed on the skirt deflector.

This invention relates in general to ball nut and screw devices and in particular to an improved structure for diverting the balls contained in such a ball nut and screw device into and out of a ball recirculation tube.
The ball nut and screw device is a well known apparatus which is designed to translate rotary motion of one member into linear motion of another member. A typical ball nut and screw device includes an elongated cylindrical screw which extends through a cylindrical opening formed through a nut. The outer surface of the screw and the inner surface of the nut are formed having complementary helical threads which are generally semi-circular in cross section. However, the outer diameter of the screw is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening formed through the nut. Thus, the outer surface of the screw and the inner surface of the opening formed through the nut do not engage one another. Rather, a plurality of balls are disposed between the screw and the nut. Each of the balls extends partially into both of the complementary threads formed in the screw and the nut so as to provide a rolling engagement therebetween, similar to a ball bearing apparatus.
Typically, the screw is connected to a source of rotational power, while the nut is connected to a load to be moved. By virtue of its connection with the load, the nut is usually restrained from rotating. Thus, when the screw is rotated by the source of rotational power, the nut (and the load connected thereto) are moved axially relative to the screw. Because of the rolling engagement of the balls with the complementary threads of the screw and the nut, such linear movement of the nut is accomplished with very little friction. It will be appreciated that in some applications, it may be desirable to connect the screw to the load to be moved and the nut to the source of rotational power.
However, as the balls roll through the complementary threads of the screw and the nut, they also roll axially therethrough. To accommodate this axial rolling movement of the balls, it is known to provide a mechanism for recirculating the balls from one end of the complementary threads to the other in an endless loop. This ball circulation mechanism typically includes a pair of apertures formed through the nut which extend outwardly from the opposite ends of the complementary threads to the outer surface of the nut. A tube extends across the outer surface of the nut between these two apertures. The tube conducts the balls out the aperture at one end of the nut, across the outer surface thereof, and into the aperture at the other end of the nut to accommodate the rolling axial movement thereof.
It is known to provide some means for facilitating the smooth passage of the recirculating balls into and out of the tube. In one type of ball nut and screw device, the ends of the tube are provided with integral finger portions which extend through the apertures into the area of the complementary threads. The finger portions engage and deflect the balls into and out of the ends of the tube and the complementary threads. While effective, the finger portions of the tube are relatively thin and, thus, subject to breakage. In another type of ball nut and screw device, a deflector body is installed within the complementary threads of the screw and the nut adjacent each of the nut apertures. Each of the deflectors has a surface formed thereon which engages and deflects the balls into and out of the ends of the tube and the complementary threads. Usually, the deflectors are installed from the interior of the nut, with a stud portion extending through a mounting aperture to a threaded fastener provided on the exterior of the nut. This design has improved strength over the tube finger portion design described above, but is more expensive and difficult to install. Thus, it would be desirable to provide an improved mechanism for diverting the balls contained in a ball nut and screw device into and out of a ball recirculation tube which is simple and inexpensive in structure and operation.

Skirt deflector for a ball nut and screw device


Techniques for printing living tissues and organs are provided. An example apparatus includes a printing platform, bioink printing module with at least one nozzle designed for bioink dosing, a gel-forming composition printing module containing a UV-module, and a nozzle for dosing gel-forming composition that starts polymerizing via UV radiation. A module is provided for relatively displacing the nozzles and/or the platform, in which the bioink printing module is separated from the gel-forming-composition printing module to prevent UV radiation from reaching the bioink printing module. The radiation is directed predominantly parallel to the printing platform to prevent UV radiation from reaching the biological tissues and/or organs being printed. A multi-functional device capable of combining various printing modes, providing a method of high-resolution printing of living tissues and organs based on UV-induced hydrogel polymerization, and a method of cell protection from UV radiation during the printing process, can be realized.

The "Method and apparatus for computer-aided tissue engineering for modeling, design and freeform fabrication of tissue scaffolds, constructs, and devices", U.S. Pat. No. 8,639,484 B2, published 28 Jan. 2014, IPC G06G7/48, B29C67/00, A01N63/00, B29C41/00, B29C41/52, G06F17/50), describes the process and apparatus for manufacturing complex parts and devices using a CAD model and multi-nozzle biopolymer deposition apparatus for 3D printing of biological tissues and organs. One main disadvantage of this technology is a low-level printing resolution.
Another solution is described in the US patent application "Integrated organ and tissue printing methods, system and apparatus", US20120089238A1, published 12 Apr. 2012, IPC A61F2/02, B05D1/00, B05C11/00), provides the method and apparatus for organs and organ constructs using a structural support polymer and a live cell-containing composition. One main disadvantage of this technology is a low-level printing resolution.
The solution described in US patent application "Method for constructing functional living materials, resulting materials and uses thereof", US20090239302A1, published 24 Sep. 2009, IPC C12N5/06), concerns a method for constructing a functional living biomaterial by assembling layer by layer a matrix of functional living cells. One main disadvantage of this technology is a low-level printing resolution, i.e. insufficient reproduction accuracy of CAD model form.
Chosen as a prototype is the solution described in US patent application "Devices, systems, and methods for the fabrication of tissue utilizing UV cross-linking", US20140093932A1, published 3 Apr. 2014, IPC C12M1/00, C12M3/00, C12N5/00), concerning bioprinters comprising one or more printer heads for bioink and support material, a UV light module to initiate polymerization, as well as the methods of using such bioprinters. One main disadvantage of this technology is cell exposure to UV radiation during printing which causes damage to live cells.

Device and methods for printing biological tissues and organs

PRIVATE INSTITUTION LABORATORY FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH “3D BIOPRINTING SOLUTIONS”


The present invention relates to a video reproducing apparatus and an intelligent skip method, which can provide an intelligent skip. Particularly, there is provided an apparatus and method for forward or reverse intelligent skips based on Group of Shots (GOS) using shot information of contents.

Today, as multimedia contents become huge, there is a demand for an automated system that can select data desired by a user. Recently, due to development of a moving picture stream recording/reproducing apparatus, for example, personal video recorder (PVR), which records an incoming moving picture stream and reproduces the recorded moving picture stream, an automated system that can select data desired by a user is demanded very frequently.
Particularly, in the moving picture stream recording/reproducing apparatus such as PVR, the function of selecting and searching data desired by a user is very useful for an edition of a user's own contents as well as a simple browsing. In other words, users want to watch contents in which advertisements or uninteresting portions are excluded and want to edit and store desired portions separately.
In addition, according to the moving picture stream recording/reproducing apparatus such as PVR, a moving stream which goes on the air can be recorded on a digital media, and a replay of a corresponding content can be always requested. Further, it is possible to provide a random access to a desired location or a high-speed quick view function, which is impossible in an analog video.
Meanwhile, as one of methods for analyzing the multimedia contents, video index technologies have been researched for long terms. Among them, a shot segmentation technology has been known as a technology that analyzes the video contents at a very high accuracy. The shot segmentation technology divides the video contents into shots that are a physical edition unit. In general, most of the shot segmentation technologies have the high accuracy of 95% or more. Additionally, the shot segmentation technology can be integrated into the moving picture stream recording/reproducing apparatus such as PVR. For example, shot index can be generated through the recording and analysis of the video contents by using the shot segmentation technology.
A time-based skip is typically proposed for providing the random access to user in a TV-like environment, such as PVR. The time-based skip moves a reproduction location of the media 20 seconds after or 7 seconds before a current location, thereby moving to a location desired by the user. According to the time-based skip, however, it is impossible to accurately move to the desired location. Further, in order to move a similar location, a large number of user inputs are necessary.
In addition, fast forward/fast rewind (FF/FR) functions are provided to the user in order for the high speed searching. However, in case the FF or FR function is required for moving the desired location, the use must carefully watch the reproduction of the media in order to check whether the reproduction location arrives at the desired location while the media is being reproduced in FF or FR mode. Therefore, the user may suffer from dizziness during an operation of the FF or FR. Further, a difference between the user's recognition speed and the reproduction speed of the media makes it difficult to reproduce the media from the desired location.
In order to solve these problems, a scene-based skip has been proposed. The scene-based skip changes the reproduction location of the media by a scene unit, not by a shot unit. Here, the scene unit is a conversation structure unit that is greater than the shot unit. According to the scene-based skip, the reproduction location of the media is changed by the logical scene unit. However, in the application of a method for automatically detecting scenes, the current technology is limited to specific genre (news, drama, etc.). Therefore, it is difficult to apply the method to video contents of all genres. Further, since the user demands both the shot-based skip and the scene-based skip at the same time, it is difficult to provide a limited user interface (UI) with both functions.

Video reproduction apparatus and intelligent skip method therefor


This application provides an information transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining, by a control device, a first transmission channel in at least one transmission channel configured between a first network device and a second network device, where the first transmission channel is used to transmit a packet that belongs to at least one packet flow, a packet sending frequency currently supported by the first transmission channel is greater than or equal to a sum of packet sending frequencies of the at least one packet flow, and transmission performance of the first transmission channel meets transmission performance of the at least one packet flow; and sending, by the control device, first identification information to the first network device, where the first identification information is used to identify the first transmission channel. Therefore, this helps to meet a requirement for transmission performance of a packet in a mobile network.

A framework that is based on a quality of service (QoS) flow is defined in existing 5G. To be specific, in a session, different transmission requirements may be provided for packets based on the QoS flow. In other words, packets belonging to a same QoS flow may obtain a same transmission service.
In an existing 5G mobile network, a transmission requirement of the QoS flow is implemented by using differentiated services (DiffServ). For example, during uplink transmission, a base station may add a differentiated service code point (DSCP) field to the packets, where a DSCP value in the DSCP field is determined based on a parameter of the QoS flow. In this way, different QoS services may be differentiated by using the DSCP value. A switch in a network may allocate transmission queues with different priorities to the packets based on the DSCP field in the packets, thereby providing different transmission services for different packets.
A packet forwarding mechanism in the prior art is a best effort forwarding mechanism. To be specific, the switch first forwards a packet with a higher priority in the packets. When a large quantity of packets arrive at a port at one moment and there are a large quantity of packets with a same priority, it cannot be ensured that all packets with the same priority can be forwarded within a valid latency range due to factors such as a buffer capability of the port of the switch and lengths of the queues. To be specific, deterministic transmission performance cannot be provided for different packets. Especially, for an ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) service, transmission performance of the URLLC service cannot be met in the prior art.
Therefore, a technology needs to be urgently provided, to help meet a requirement for transmission performance of a packet in a mobile network.

Information transmission method and apparatus


A junction box is provided having a housing and a cover. The housing includes a housing wall extending upwardly from a base about the periphery thereof. A lip extends outwardly about the top edge of the housing wall and engages in a snap fit in a channel in a wall of the cover. A pair of inner walls which depend from the cover top prevent the housing from inadvertently being disengaged.

The present invention relates to a junction box for interconnecting electrical conduits and in particular to a gasketless, snap locking junction box.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,896,784 a PVC junction box for interconnecting PVC electrical conduit is disclosed. The junction box disclosed in this reference has advantages over conventional junction boxes in that the use of gaskets and fasteners is avoided. However, in place of fasteners, the disclosed junction box relies on a series of latch members and latch sockets to secure the housing and cover to one another. These latch elements must be precisely molded and positioned to work properly particularly under extremes of temperature. Further, the cover must be secured to the housing with sufficient strength to guard against tampering and inadvertent dislodgement.

by Helga S. Fochler, legal representative


The present invention provides a two-component infrared reflecting film which reflects light in the infrared region of the spectrum while suppressing second, third and fourth order reflections in the visible spectrum. The film comprises alternating layers of first (A) and second (B) diverse polymeric materials having a six layer alternating repeat unit with relative optical thicknesses of about .778A.111B.111A.778B.111A.111B. The polymeric materials differ from each other in refractive index by at least about 0.03.

The present invention relates to a two component infrared reflecting film, and more particularly to two component films which reflect light in the infrared region of the spectrum while suppressing second, third and fourth order reflections in the visible region of the spectrum.
Coextruded multilayer films have been made which comprise multiple alternating layers of two polymers with individual layer thicknesses of 100 nanometers or less. Such multilayer films are described, for example, in Alfrey et al, U.S. Pat. No. 3,711,176. When polymers are selected to have a sufficient mismatch in refractive indices, these multilayer films cause constructive interference of light. This results in the film transmitting certain wavelengths of light through the film while reflecting other wavelengths. The multilayer films can be fabricated from relatively inexpensive and commercially available polymer resins having the desired refractive index differences. The films have the further advantage in that they may be shaped or formed into other objects.
The reflection and transmission spectra for a particular two-component film are primarily dependent on the optical thickness of the individual layers, where optical thickness is defined as the product of the actual thickness of the layer times its refractive index. The intensity of light reflected from such films is a function of the number of layers and the differences in refractive indices of the polymers. Mathematically, the wavelength of the dominant, first order wavelength for reflected light (at normal incidence) is: ##EQU1## where .lambda..sub.I is the first order wavelength, n is the refractive index of the polymer, and d is the layer thickness of the polymer, and k is the number of polymer components. Films can be designed to reflect infrared, visible, or ultraviolet wavelengths of light depending on the optical thickness of the layers. When designed to reflect infrared wavelengths of light, such prior art films also exhibit higher order appearance for the films. Mathematically, higher order reflections will appear at ##EQU2## where m is the order of the reflection (e.g. 2, 3, 4, etc.) As can be seen, higher order reflections appear at fractions of the first order reflection. The films produced in accordance with the above mentioned Alfrey patent exhibit iridescence and changing colors as the angle of incident light on the film is changed.
For some applications, while reflection of infrared wavelengths is desirable, higher order reflections of visible light are not. For example, infrared reflecting films can be laminated to glass in buildings and automobiles to reduce air conditioning loads. The films may also be laminated to other substantially transparent plastic materials to reflect infrared wavelengths. However, the films must be substantially transparent to visible light so that the vision of those looking through the glass or plastic is not impaired.
It is possible to suppress some higher order reflections (i.e., reduce their intensity) by proper selection of the ratio of optical thicknesses in two component multilayer films. See, Radford et al, "Reflectivity of Iridescent Coextruded Multilayered Plastic Films", Polymer Engineering and Science, vol. 13, No. 3, May 1973. This ratio of optical thicknesses is termed "f-ratio", where f =n.sub.1 d.sub.1 /(n.sub.1 d.sub.1 +n.sub.2 d.sub.2). However, such two component films do not suppress successive second, third and fourth order visible wavelengths.
Other workers have designed optical coatings comprising layers of three or more materials which are able to suppress certain higher order reflections. For example, Thelen, U.S. Pat. No. 3,247,392, describes an optical coating used as a band pass filter reflecting in the infrared and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. The coating is taught to suppress second and third order reflectance bands. However, the materials used in the fabrication of the coating are metal oxide and halide dielectric materials which must be deposited in separate steps using expensive vacuum deposition techniques. Also, once deposited, the coatings and the substrates to which they are adhered cannot be further shaped or formed. Further, the coatings are subject to chipping, scratching, and/or corrosion and must be protected. Finally, because vacuum deposition techniques must be used, it is both expensive and difficult to fabricate coatings which cover large surface areas.
Rock, U.S. Pat. No. 3,432,225, teaches a two component, four layer antireflection coating which utilizes specified thicknesses of the first two layers of the coating to synthesize an equivalent layer having an effective index of refraction which is intermediate that of the first two layers. However, Rock also uses metal halides, oxides, sulfides, and selenides which must be deposited in separate processing steps using vacuum deposition techniques.
Another technique has been suggested for a three-layer film comprised of two components which is equivalent in refractive index and optical thickness to a film comprised of three components. The third component is eliminated by synthesizing a three layer structure which has the same optical performance as a three component structure. See Ohmer, "Design of three-layer equivalent films", Journal of the Optical Society of AmericaVol. 68 (I), 137 (January 1978). However, Ohmer also uses vacuum deposition of metal oxides, halides, and selenides. Further, such a structure does not provide sufficient suppression of the fourth order reflectance band, thus hindering its optical performance.
Rancourt et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,229,066 teaches a visible light transmitting, infrared reflecting multilayer coating utilizing metal halide sulfides and selenides. The materials have either a high or low index of refraction and must be deposited in separate steps using vacuum deposition techniques. In addition, Rancourt requires 10 layers in the repeat unit. Further, the coatings of Rancourt et al cannot be further shaped or formed after deposition.
Schrenk et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,103,337, describes an all polymeric three-component optical interference film formed by coextrusion techniques which reflects infrared light while suppressing second, third and fourth order reflections in the visible region of the spectrum. However, the polymers in the film are required to have closely defined refractive indexes, which limits the choice of polymers which may be used. In addition, the production of the film requires separate extruders for each of the polymeric components.
Accordingly, the need still exists in this art for a two-component film which reflects infrared light, successfully suppresses multiple successive higher order reflections to prevent unwanted reflections in the visible range, allows a wide choice of polymers, and does not require complicated extrusion equipment.


A locking device is provided for securing a protective bedliner to the interior of a pick-up truck cargo bed wherein the cargo bed has side walls with inwardly extending horizontal flanges and vertically, downwardly extending flanges spaced from the side walls of the truck. The side walls of the bedliner are provided with a plurality of circular apertures overlapping the bottom edges of the vertical flanges and a locking device is associated with each aperture. Each locking device includes a base plate engageable with the wall of the bedliner around an aperture and a flat planar locking tongue extending perpendicular to the base plate through the aperture. The locking tongue includes a shank portion having first and second substantially parallel edges disposed substantially perpendicular to the base plate and a retainer portion extending laterally from the shank portion substantially parallel to the base plate. The locking tongue is inserted through the aperture in a substantially horizontal position until the base plate is seated against the bedliner wall. The locking device is rotated 90.degree. to bring the retainer portion of the locking tongue into position on the opposite side of the vertical flange from the base plate to prevent movement of the bedliner relative to the flange of the truck bed wall. A screw is then inserted through the base plate into the bedliner wall to prevent further rotation of the locking device.

The present invention is directed to a truck bedliner locking device and more specifically to a one piece rotatable member adapted to extend through a hole drilled through the liner in partial overlapping relation with the lower edge of the flange of the truck bed walls whereby upon rotation of the locking device, an angled projection thereon will move into locking engagement behind the truck bed flange.
Pick-up trucks are provided with an open top cargo bed having a bottom floor, opposite side walls and a front wall. The interior surfaces of the cargo bed are frequently subjected to damage due to objects being carried in the cargo bed. Once the paint finish on the interior surfaces of the cargo bed is scratched or otherwise penetrated, rusting of the sheet metal cargo bed begins. To prevent such damage, it has become common practice to utilize a liner of plastic material which is configured to have a bottom wall which overlies the bottom of the bed and front and side walls which extend upwardly adjacent the front and side walls of the cargo bed of the pick-up truck. Such a liner may be made of rubber-based materials or may be fabricated from synthetic resin or plastic materials which are molded into a configuration complementary to the cargo bed space for a particular model and make of truck.
Although the liners are configured to fit fairly closely to the contours of the cargo bed when molded to the specifications of a particular make and model truck, it is often necessary to provide some means for mechanically securing the liner in the cargo bed. Although many bedliners are provided with flanges designed to extend over the cargo bed rails along the top of the front and rear walls thereof, such flanges have not provided adequate securing of the liner to the cargo bed. Accordingly, a variety of mechanical devices have been provided for securing the bedliners to the cargo bed.
One type of fastener for securing a pick-up truck bedliner to the rail of the pick-up truck bed is generally classified as a snap-lock fastener. The U.S. patent to Edwards (U.S. Pat. No. 4,906,040) provides a plurality of slot pairs spaced around the top of the vertical walls of the liner at a level just below the interior flange of the truck bed walls. Resilient retainer clips extend through the slots and engage the flange of the truck bed walls to secure the liner to the bed.
Another type of snap-lock fastener for truck bedliners is shown in the U.S. Patent to Marcum (U.S. Pat. No. 5,046,775). The fastener includes a base plate which overlies the outer surface of a bedliner and a locking tongue projecting laterally from a bottom of the plate to extend through an aperture in the liner side wall to mechanically couple with the flange of the cargo bed sidewall to effect clamping of the liner to the flange. A similar snap-lock fastener is disclosed in the U.S. Patent to Kennedy (U.S. Pat. No. 5,150,940).
A different type of truck bedliner retainer is shown in the U.S. Patents to Gower (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,659,133 and 4,768,822). In a first embodiment, each liner retaining device is comprised of a cup-shaped insertable portion having a substantially rectilinear box-like structure which is inserted through a corresponding aperture in the side wall of the pick-up truck bedliner immediately below the truck rail flange. A fastener is then inserted through the wall of the retainer behind the flange of the pick-up truck bed to secure the liner in position. In a second embodiment, a plurality of apertures are provided in the wall of the pick-up truck bedliner immediately below the flange of the pick-up truck bed. Retainers are rotatably mounted within the aperture with each retainer having a rim portion for engaging the liner and a conical-shaped insertable member that is spiralled in cross-section. The insertable member engages the ledge wall of the truck bed compartment in a screw-like manner to pull the rim against the liner and wedge the insertable portion against the ledge. Once the retainer is rotated into locking position, a screw may be inserted through the flange of the retainer and a wall of the liner to prevent further rotation of the retainer.
Other types of rotatable anchors for pick-up truck bedliners are disclosed in the U.S. Patent to Robinson et (U.S. Pat. No. 4,796,942) and Wagner (U.S. Pat. No. 4,740,026). The fastener of Robinson et al. is comprised of a rotatable bolt having a head at one end and an anchor member at the other end through which the bolt threadedly extends. The anchor member may be rotated in an aperture in the liner immediately below the flange of the pick-up truck bedliner until the anchor member engages the inner, upper surface of the rail, thereby preventing further rotation. Thus, upon continued rotation of the bolt, the anchor will be drawn against the flange to clamp the liner to the flange. In the Wagner device, the fixture includes a .lock member having a bevelled lower part which contacts a downturned inner portion of the truck bed side wall to secure the liner to the bed. An actuator pin allows the lock member to be rotated into a locked position after installation. Thus, both of these locking devices utilize a plurality of components.
The patents to Kawecki (U.S. Pat. No. 4,827,609), Olgren (U.S. Pat. No. 4,832,524) and Abe (U.S. Pat. No. 5,094,580) disclose various types of fasteners for other uses which may be rotated into locking position but require either a camming action or a plurality of components.


A method and device for increasing an accuracy of a phase measurement, wherein the method includes: receiving a measurement signal; performing a frequency-domain transformation to the measurement signal to obtain a frequency-domain measurement sequence; determining phases that correspond to frequency-domain measurement signals, and determining a phase difference between the frequency-domain measurement signals that correspond to two neighboring specified frequency points; according to the phases, the phase difference and a window function, performing a sliding-window-type phase fitting to the frequency-domain measurement sequence, to obtain phase-fitting data that correspond to sliding windows; and according to the phase-fitting data of the sliding windows, determining phase-calibration data that correspond to the sliding windows, and, by using the phase-calibration data of the sliding windows, forming phase-calibration data within a specified frequency band. The method reduces an error of fitting, and increases an accuracy of a phase calibration.

In the process from the emission of a signal from a transmitter to the receiving of the signal at a receiver, as affected by the channel environment, the signal might have loss, fading and so on, which results in phase deviation between the wireless signal received by the receiver and the wireless signal emitted by the transmitter. Therefore, in order to accurately recover at the receiving end the signal sent by the transmitting end, it is required to calibrate the phase of the received signal at the receiving end.
The receiving end usually employs a phase calibration factor to calibrate the phase of the received signal. The conventional method of determining the phase calibration factor is performing linear fitting to the phase of the whole frequency band that corresponds to the communication system, and determining the phase calibration factor of the whole frequency band according to the result of the fitting. Because the phase-frequency response characteristic of the analog devices or the transmission network cannot be completely ideal, or, in other words, the phase is not completely linear within the whole frequency band, the linear fitting to the whole frequency band results in errors, which reduces the accuracy of the phase calibration.

Method and device for improving phase measurement accuracy

DATANG MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT CO., LTD


A medication and/or medical supplies storage cabinet of all-steel construction has an RFID transducer or reader with an antenna array (i.e., an antenna or series of antennas) carried on a vertical elevator at the rear of the cabinet's metal shelves and drawers. The metal shelves, sides and back of the cabinet define successive compartments in which RFID-tagged item are stored. The vertical elevator may have a drive motor, e.g., gear-motor controlled by a computer associated with the cabinet. There may be a wall or window of a suitable radiolucent material at the rear of the cabinet to permit the RFID energy to radiate between the RFID antenna array and any RFID-tagged inventory items contained in the respective compartments or drawers.

This invention relates to cabinets for storing and dispensing prescription medical items and medical and hospital supplies, which can be free standing, mounted on rollers, or built into a wall, for providing practitioners with access to the medications and other items. The invention is also concerned with a cabinet made of steel or other electrically conductive material, which may be radiopaque, and provided with a built-in RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) transducer for interrogating RFID-tagged inventory items within the cabinet, and reading the RFID responses from such items.
Many medical supply items, e.g., syringes, bandages and dressings, disinfectants, catheters, and patient medications, need to be available to health practitioners in the places where the patient is located. At the same time, it is important for the hospital supply technicians and pharmacy technicians to be aware of the inventory levels of items in the supply cabinets throughout the facility, so that they will be properly stocked, and when the items are needed they can be given without delay to the patient. In some cases, the identification of items within the cabinet, and the number of each such item can be discerned automatically, e.g., by reading RFID tags that are attached to the items or incorporated into the packaging of the item.
In most cases, steel cabinets are preferred because of their durability and reasonable price. However, where the cabinets and the shelves and compartments are formed of steel, the low-level RF signals used to interrogate the RFID tags do not penetrate into the compartments between shelves; and the low-level RF signals returned from RFID tags on the items in the cabinets do not pass out through the metal walls and shelves. When the cabinets are made of a non-metal, i.e., plastic or synthetic material, the RF signals can reach between the RF transducer or reader and the inventory items, but it is not possible to know what items are stored in which compartments. Moreover, in cabinet arrangements in which the RFID reader or transducer is located in a fixed location in or on a cabinet, the reflections of signals within the cabinet creates dead zones that make it difficult to capture returns from each and every one of the inventory items.
These cabinets may have electronic locking and unlocking features, to limit access only to authorized medical personnel, and incorporate software features giving them the capability of maintaining an audit trail of access.

Medical storage cabinet with RFID inventory


A dynamic storage system allows storage servers to access spare data storage devices should an associated data storage device fail or become inaccessible. A sparing server receives requests for spare data storage devices from storage servers and allocates spare data storage devices, establishing and maintaining a communication channel between the storage server and the spare data storage device. Once the associated data storage device is returned to service, the spare data storage device is released by the storage server and returned to a spare storage pool by the sparing server.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention is related in general to data storage systems. In particular, the invention consists of a system for providing and accessing spare data storage devices.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Computer data storage systems typically include servers, switches, and high-capacity disk arrays for storing digital information. Maintaining the integrity of data stored within the computer data storage system is a major concern. This concern has resulted in the development of numerous methods and techniques for maintaining data integrity during movement and storage within the computer data storage systems.
One important technique is the utilization of dynamic drive sparing ("DDS"), wherein a data storage server can access one or more spare data storage devices to replace a data storage device that has failed or has been taken off line for maintenance. To be effective, this sparing process should not significantly impact data storage system performance or data integrity. However, permanent data loss may occur if the demand for spare data storage devices exceeds the available number of such devices.
In U.S. Pat. No. 6,609,213, Nam Nguyen et al. disclose a system and method for recovering from a server failure in a computer network using several stand-alone, non-clustered serves and a spare server. However, the spare server is used as a backup for the network servers and does not provide backup services in the event an independent storage device fails. Accordingly, it would be desirable to have a server that manages access to spare storage devices.
In U.S. Pat. No. 6,598,174, Ronald Parks et al. disclose a method to detect early disk failure warning and ways to migrate data to other drives in a non-redundant array environment. However, Park's disclosed invention requires equipment for detecting an impending failure and copying data before the original drive fails. It would be advantageous to have a system for providing a spare drive when a drive fails or is removed without warning.

Managing access to spare data storage devices

International Business Machines Corporation


Disclosed is an apparatus for improving server electromagnetic shielding at high and low frequencies, including a metallic plate in fixed association with a surface of a server casing, the metallic plate defining a plurality of openings, and a substantially plastic shield including conductive metal fibers and defining a plurality of bosses extending from a boss surface of the plastic shield, the bosses configured to be insertable within the plurality of openings to allow the boss surface to be disposed adjacent to the metallic plate, each of the plurality of bosses defining a boss cavity that extends entirely through the plurality of bosses and the plastic shield.

1. Field of the Invention
The disclosure relates generally to an apparatus for improving server electromagnetic shielding, and more particularly to an apparatus for improving server electromagnetic shielding at high and low frequencies.
2. Description of the Background
Typically, a casing of a server will include a relative back surface (or portion thereof) that includes or defines a plurality of openings for allowing air to flow out of the server. Along with effecting airflow from the server, the characteristics of this surface affect electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the server with other electronic equipment in the server's environment. EMC is the measure of unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy, and the unwanted effects that such an energy may induce in an electronic component environment. Depending upon surface composition, the relative back surface will have different levels of effectiveness in shielding the server from various electromagnetic frequencies. For example, if the surface comprises conductive fiber filled plastic that is molded into a plurality of bosses (i.e. opening structures extend into the server), it will effectively shield the server from high frequency electromagnetic energy. This is because the penetration of the bosses into the server results in an increase of the effective thickness of the opening pattern. With the bosses acting as waveguides that penetrate into the server beyond its junction with the back surface, shielding effectiveness of the structure, at any frequency, is improved.
However, the essentially internal conductive fibers will be less apt to conduct lower frequency energy, rendering the plastic surface less effective at lower frequencies. This is because the conductive fiber filled plastic is manufactured to include a thin skin of non-conductive resin. This resin makes it difficult for low frequency current to contact the internal fibers. Low frequency energy that cannot contact the conductive fibers, and thus be allowed to smoothly transition through the plastic back surface, creates a radiating voltage across the junction between the server and the plastic back surface. This radiating voltage could be avoided by may be machining, drilling or milling the conductive fiber filled plastic to allow better low frequency access to the fibers, but this additional manufacturing process is costly.
Referring to a back surface that is entirely or almost entirely metal, a necessary conductivity will be exhibited to conduct and shield against lower frequency electromagnetic energy. This is because the substantially metal composition allows low frequency energy to smoothly transition through the back surface. However, configuring opening structures in a metal surface to include the bosses discussed above is difficult and costly, particularly as compared with the plastic molding. Without the depth of penetration that is achieved by the bosses, the metal surface will not include waveguides that extend beyond the junction between the server and the back surface, rendering it less effective at shielding the server from higher frequency energy. Therefore, a surface including a composition and shape that will economically shield against both high and low frequency electromagnetic energy is desirable.

Apparatus for improving server electromagnetic shielding


An operator identification control system and method are disclosed for a work vehicle having a cab, a work tool and a source of propulsion. The operator identification control system includes a source associated with the operator that actively transmits an operator identification to identify the operator. The operator identification control system also includes at least one controller onboard the work vehicle that receives and processes the operator identification to determine whether the operator is associated with the work vehicle, and based on the determination, enables an operation of the work tool and/or a motion of the work vehicle by the operator.

In the construction industry, various work vehicles are operated to perform various tasks at a work site. For example, an articulated dump truck may be utilized to haul loads of material over rough terrain. Given the nature of the work site, many work vehicles, including the articulated dump truck, do not utilize a key based ignition system.
In certain examples, the work vehicle may be operated or started upon entry into a cab of the work vehicle. By enabling the operation or starting of the work vehicle upon entry into the cab, the work vehicle may be vulnerable to unauthorized use. Moreover, in certain instances it may be desirable to track the use of the work vehicle by a particular operator such that operator specific usage data may be gathered.

System and method for work vehicle operator identification


A waveguide transmitting an electromagnetic wave having an electric field that oscillates in a first direction in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The waveguide includes rectangular waveguide portions, and a protruding wall and a retracted wall that connect a rectangular waveguide portion to another rectangular waveguide portion. Each of the rectangular waveguide portions has a tubular shape extending in the second direction, and an inner wall of each rectangular waveguide portion has a rectangular cross section. The rectangular waveguide portions are arranged in the second direction, and inner spaces of the rectangular waveguide portions are connected to each other. The protruding wall extends from one of a pair of side surfaces of the rectangular waveguide portion opposed in a third direction toward the other of the pair of side surfaces, the third direction being perpendicular to the first and second directions.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a waveguide, a slotted antenna, and a horn antenna preferably for use in a millimeter wave-based onboard radar apparatus, in particular, a digital beam forming (DBF) radar that monitors the direction of travel of an automobile.
2. Description of the Related Art
A DBF radar includes a receiving antenna array composed of a plurality of receiving antenna elements arranged at predetermined intervals (typically, regular intervals) in a scan direction. The DBF radar converts received signals from each receiving antenna element into digital data, performs arithmetic processing on the digital data to impart a phase shift to each received signal, and synthesizes the phase-shifted received signal to generate an equivalent scan beam. The DBF radar can scan at high speed with high precision without the need for any drive part or movable mechanism and therefore is widely used as the onboard millimeter wave radar. However, the DBF radar requires a measure to prevent erroneous detection due to the grating lobe phenomenon.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-147105 discloses a patch antenna unit including transmitting antennas successively displaced and longitudinally symmetrically arranged in a V shape. Side lobes are reduced by using null characteristics of the V-shaped arrangement. However, if the patch antenna is supplied with electric power via a micro-strip line, the dielectric loss is high in the frequency band of the millimeter wave. If a waveguide were used for electric power supply, the loss would be reduced. However, there has not been known any method of supplying electric power to the V-shaped antenna array through a waveguide.

Waveguide, slotted antenna and horn antenna


There is set forth herein a terminal having a mount for supporting a mechanical component. The terminal in one embodiment can be hand held and in one embodiment the mechanical component can comprise a hand strap. In one embodiment a terminal can include a pocket for receiving a mount.

Hand held terminals are available in a number of varieties including mobile phones and portable data terminals. In some instances, such terminals are equipped with hand straps. Providing a hand strap stabilizes a terminal allowing it to be securely held by an operator. In some instances, a terminal can include a handle, which can extend in a compass direction angularly transverse relative to a compass direction of a terminal axis.

Terminal comprising mount for supporting a mechanical component


A patient monitoring system for monitoring cardiac arrhythmias includes an ECG monitor configured to monitor cardiac potentials during cardiac cycles and an arterial blood flow monitor configured to monitor arterial blood flow and generate pulse waveform. The system further includes an arrhythmia detection module that detects the presence of an arrhythmia based on the cardiac potentials and generates an arrhythmia indicator, and an arrhythmia analysis module that assesses the severity of the detected arrhythmia. The arrhythmia analysis module calculates average sinus pulse information based on the pulse waveform data for two or more cardiac cycles occurring when no arrhythmia is detected, and then calculates average arrhythmia pulse information based on pulse waveform data for two or more cardiac cycles occurring after detection of the arrhythmia. The average arrhythmia pulse information is then compared to the average sinus pulse information and an arrhythmia severity indicator is generated based on the comparison.

This disclosure generally relates to the field of patient monitoring and, more particularly, to systems and method for monitoring and assessing cardiac arrhythmias.
Currently available patient monitoring systems including electrocardiographs (ECG) typically have algorithms for detecting and identifying various arrhythmias. One very common and sometimes critical arrhythmia is atrial fibrillation (AFIB). AFIB is the most common cardiac arrhythmia resulting in hospitalization in the United States. AFIB is often identified by irregular heart rhythm and is clinically defined as uncoordinated contractions of the atria. With critically ill patients AFIB may be serious due to week circulation of the blood during the arrhythmia. In these cases, immediate action by caregivers may be needed. Patients often experience palpitations and have an increased risk of stroke. AFIB puts patients at significant risk because it allows blood to pool and stagnate in the left atrium and, thus, form a clot. This clot can slough off and travel up to the brain where it can block sufficient blood flow to a portion of the brain where upon it will begin to die, thus causing a stroke. AFIB is estimated to cause up to a quarter of all strokes and is often undetected until a stroke occurs. It is estimated that approximately a third of patients experiencing AFIB are asymptomatic.
AFIB requires aggressive treatment. The longer a patient is in AFIB, the more likely they are to remain in AFIB, making early detection desirable. Prompt detection of the onset of AFIB provides an opportunity for therapy during the first 48 hours when expensive antithrombolic treatments may not be necessary because the formation of blood clots has not yet occurred in the atria. The prevalence of AFIB is high and age dependent, from 0.7% in the ages 55-59 to 17.8% for 85 years or older. Yet, AFIB is notoriously hard to detect. The most common method for automatically detecting AFIB in ECG recordings relies heavily on the fact that AFIB is a chaotic atrial arrhythmia, randomly conducted to the ventricles. As such, the time periods between features of the QRS waves, as measured by the RR intervals, should be continuously varying in the presence of AFIB. It is this attribute of AFIB, that it is a continuously chaotic rhythm, that is used by most ambulatory ECG analysis programs to detect AFIB. However, RR intervals of normally conducted beats can vary for other types of benign arrhythmias that are not AFIB. Examples include premature atrial complexes (PACs) or sinus arrhythmia (SA), which are both quite common in the normal population. While these benign arrhythmias do exhibit as variability in RR intervals, these arrhythmias are typically benign and do not pose a serious health concern.

System and method for monitoring cardiac arrhythmias


A color display tube having an in-line electron gun 5 and a deflection system 13. The deflection system 13 generates deflection fields having an astigmatic character, such that in a state-of-the-art electron gun overconvergence of the electron beams occurs on the display window. In a color display tube according to the invention, the electron gun 5 is changed such that this overconvergence is compensated by an underconvergence generated in the electron gun. The horizontal spot enlargement factor is reduced by the less astigmatic character of the deflection fields.

The invention relates to a colour display tube containing
a) an evacuated envelope consisting of a neck, a cone and a display window, PA1 b) in the neck an electron gun for generating one central and two outer electron beams whose axes are coplanar, the electron gun comprising a first and a second electrode system, which in operation together form a main lens, and means for applying a focusing voltage and a high voltage to the first and the second electrode system respectively, PA1 c) in the electron gun an astigmatic element for astigmatically influencing the electron beams, and PA1 d) a deflection system for generating deflection fields for deflecting the electron beams.
A colour display tube of the type described in the first paragraph is known from European Patent Application EP-A-0231964.
In EP-A-0231964 the colour display tube contains a deflection system which during operation generates horizontal and vertical magnetic deflection fields, such that the three electron beams generated by the electron gun and focussed by the main lens on a display screen provided internally on the display window converge over the entire display screen. This leads to a vertical over-focussing of the electron beams on the display screen. This vertical overfocussing can be compensated in part by means of a static astigmatic element; however, in the case of applications which impose ever higher requirements on the definition such as, for example, high resolution colour display tubes, this is sometimes insufficient. In EP-A-0231964 a construction of an electron gun is described which enables a substantially complete correction of the vertical overfocussing by dynamically varying the strength of the astigmatic element with the strength of the deflection fields.
However, on deflection the horizontal spot size increases by a certain spot enlargement factor also, which factor amounts to more than two in the case of 110.degree. colour display tubes. The spot does remain focussed or substantially focussed in the horizontal direction over the entire display screen. In the known construction this horizontal spot enlargement factor is reduced to a very small extent only or not at all. Due to the ever higher requirements imposed on the definition of the display, in particular in the case of high resolution colour display tubes or in the use of colour display tubes for high definition television, it is also important to reduce the, horizontal spot enlargement factor.

Color display tube, deflection system and electron gun


In a method and magnetic resonance apparatus for determination of radio-frequency pulses, a time-parallel transmission of a radio-frequency pulse influences the transverse magnetization of an object under examination in a specified spatial region. The spatial region is depicted as a vector and approximated by decomposition into a finite number of weighted basis functions of the decomposition. As a result, the length of the approximated vector is less than the length of the original vector. The radio-frequency pulse is determined as a function of the approximated vector. This method can be used to determine a multichannel RF pulse.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention concerns techniques for determining a radio-frequency pulse, for example a multichannel radio-frequency pulse, for magnetic resonance imaging. In particular, the invention relates to techniques of the type wherein an approximation is made of a vector that represents a spatial region in which transverse magnetization is to be influenced by the radio-frequency pulse.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, transverse magnetization of nuclear spins in an examination subject is influenced, i.e. excited or refocused, by the irradiation or transmission of a radio-frequency (RF) pulse. Excitation of the transverse magnetization typically means deflection of the nuclear spins from their equilibrium position along the longitudinal direction, which can be defined, for example, by the basic magnetic field (B0 field) and locally acting perturbation fields that occur due to susceptibility changes. Usually, large-area whole body transmitting coils, for example, are used for radiating the RF pulses. Such whole-body coils have dimensions on the order of magnitude of the actual object under examination. The RF magnetic field (B1 field) generated by the transmission is then substantially constant or homogeneous along the object under examination.
However, it is also possible to use multiple RF transmitting coils in a coil array that have comparatively small dimensions. Time-parallel transmission of the identical, individual RF pulses via the different transmitting coils enables a spatially-selective influence on the transverse magnetization. Here, the transverse magnetization can be influenced in a well-defined, specified spatial region by specific data entry points in the spatial frequency domain (k-space) being passed through (traversed) during the transmission, i.e. along a specific k-space trajectory.
Recently, it has also been possible in this regard to use so-called multichannel RF pulses within the context of parallel transmission (pTX). To this end, typically individual, different RF pulses, that combine to form the multichannel RF pulse, are transmitted by the different RF transmitting coils of the coil array. A multichannel RF pulse can make it possible to generate different time-dependent B1 fields that are well-defined with respect to phase or amplitude, at different spatial positions in the object under examination. pTX enables the sampling requirement of the Nyquist theorem to be broken (not satisfied) and the necessary scanning of (entry of MR data into) the k-spaces, and hence also the duration of the multichannel RF pulse, to be significantly reduced, by a degree that is called TX acceleration.
In addition, pTX techniques have advantages in connection with high-field MR systems with which the basic magnetic field has a high field strength, for example 3 tesla or 5 tesla or more. In such cases, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the RF exposure for the patient can be reduced by the use of multichannel RF pulses. It is also possible to compensate inhomogeneities of the B1 field more effectively.
However, known techniques of this kind can also be associated with certain restrictions and disadvantages. For example, it can typically be necessary to determine the individual RF pulses, i.e. a temporal sequence of the voltage signal applied to different RF transmitting coils of the coil array, of which the multichannel RF pulse is composed, shortly before the performance of MR imaging, for example as a function of different measured and/or preset operating parameters of the MR system, in particular already in the presence of the object under examination in the MR system. To this end, it is possible, for example, to solve an equation corresponding to equation (3) in DE 10 2012 207 132 B3. However, this can require a high computing capacity. For example, depending upon the desired spatial resolution and/or temporal resolution of the RF pulse to be determined, it may be necessary to handle a data volume in the order of magnitude of gigabytes. Typically, it can be necessary to invert a system matrix or design matrix of this order of magnitude which reflects the operating parameters etc. in order to invert a linear equation system.
In this context, it is known to use a wide variety of digital-signal-processing or linear-algebra techniques to reduce the amount of computational effort required. It is often the case, however, that techniques of this kind are not able to reduce the required computational effort significantly and/or represent a comparatively strong approximation of the problem, which can result in undesirably high inaccuracies or errors in the solution.
For example, techniques are known from S. Feng and J. X. Ji, "An Algorithm for Fast Parallel Excitation pulses Design" in Proc. Intl. Soc. Mag. Reson. Med 21 (2013) 4255 relating to more extensive simplifying assumptions when determining multichannel RF pulses. For example, it is known from this article by Feng et al. to limit the size of entries of a system matrix in that contributions are rejected if they only make a small energy contribution to the solution. In this case, for example, spatial frequencies with a low contribution to the spatial region to be excited, which are regularly the higher spatial frequencies, are rejected. As a result, it is in turn possible to reduce the dimensions of the system matrix to be inverted. However, this typically results in a restriction of the accuracy to be achieved since finer details in the multichannel RF pulse are not taken into account or only restrictedly taken into account thus causing the spatial region actually excited to be smeared or blurred. The reason is that typically contributions contributing to high spatial frequencies are not taken into account.
For example, techniques are known from DE 10 2011 005 174 A1 that also relate to simplifying assumptions when determining multichannel RF pulses. For example, the format of the result vector representing the temporal course of the multichannel RF pulse can be restricted in that it is determined as a linear combination of precompiled basis functions of a decomposition. As a result, it is in turn possible to reduce the dimensions of the system matrix to be inverted, in particular the number of its columns. However, the result is a restriction of the achievable accuracy since the degrees of freedom with respect to which the result vector is optimized are restricted. For example, the compensation of B1 field inhomogeneities and/or B0 field inhomogeneities on the determination of a multichannel RF pulse cannot be considered or only considered to a limited extent, which can result in significant artifacts and quality losses in the excited spatial region.
Therefore, there is a need for improved techniques for the determination of RF pulses, in particular for improved pTx techniques. In particular, there is a need for techniques that permit a relatively low computationally intensive determination of the RF pulses. There is also a need for techniques that allow a relatively precise and flexible determination of the RF pulses.

Method and magnetic resonance apparatus for determination of radio-frequency pulses


A monoclonal antibody specific to the lymphokine LK 2, and its production is disclosed. The novel lymphokine LK 2 is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 20,000.+-.2,000 daltons; isoelectric point pI, 6.2.+-.0.3; electrophoretic mobility Rf, 0.29.+-.0.02; cytotoxic on L 929 cells; and substantially not growth-inhibitive on KB cells. The lymphokine significantly inhibits the growth of malignant human tumors in vivo. The monoclonal antibody may be of IgM or IgG class, and neutralizes specifically the cytotoxic activity of the lymphokine. Combined use of LK 2 with chemotherapeutic agents such as alkylating agents, metabolic antagonists, antioncotic antibiotics and plant alkaloids enhances greatly the antioncotic effect of the chemotherapeutics.

Lymphotoxin (LT) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are known as lymphokines which damage tumor cells. For example, LT is described in Aoki, Ryuichi et al., SHIN-MENEKIGAKU SOSHO, vol. 6, "Lympokine", pp. 87-105 (1979), published by Igaku-Shoin, Tokyo, In Vitro Method in Cell-Mediated Immunity, edited by Bloom, B.R. & Glade P.R., published by Academic Press, Inc. (1971), and Cellular Immunology, vol. 38, pp. 388-402 (1978); and TNF is described in Carswell, E. A. et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A., vol. 72, No. 9, pp. 3,666-3,670 (1975), and Lymphokines, vol. 2, pp. 235-272, "Tumor Necrosis Factor", edited by Pick E., published by Academic Press, Inc. (1981).
Recently, Ohnishi, H. et al., disclosed an antioncotic lymphokine glycoprotein in Japan Patent Kokai No. 146,293/83.
Milstein, C. reviewed monoclonal antibodies in Scientific American, vol. 243, No. 4, pp. 56-64 (1980).
In chemotherapeutics, generally one or more alkylating agents, metabolic antagonists, antioncotic antibiotics, and plant alkaloids are used.
Chemotherapeutics, however, have the disadvantages that their use may cause excessive side-effects in patients; that their tumor spectra are relatively narrow and insufficient; and that they are liable to induce drug-resistant tumors.

Method for the purification of lymphokine LK 2

Kabushiki Kaisha Hayashibara Seibutsu Kagaku Kenkyujo


A quickly detachable vehicle seat cover includes a cover cloth for covering a vehicle seat and a plurality of fastening elements for securing the cloth cover to the vehicle seat. The cover cloth has Velcro strips attached thereto for connection with the Velcro strips of the fastening elements when the fastening elements are fastened to the vehicle seat. The fastening element includes flexible rubber pad having several grooves made thereon for securing thereto of several clips with a Velcro strip tightly attached thereto at the top through a high frequency heat welding process, such that the fastening element can be efficiently secured to a vehicle seat through the clips.

The conventional vehicle seat cover mounting process is very inconvenient. It utilizes a band tighten on a vehicle seat horizontally and another band tighten vertically. Both horizontally and vertically disposed two bands have Velcro (hook and loop fastner) strips fastened thereto at suitable locations. After the two bands are firmly secured to a vehicle seat, a cover cloth which has Velcro strips fastened thereto at the inner side at locations corresponding to the locations of the Velcro strips of the two bands is mounted on the vehicle seat with the Velcro strips of the cover cloth respectively engaged with the Velcro strips of the two bands. The drawbacks of this conventional method may include the followings:
(1) Expensive to manufacture: It is expensive to manufacture because an additional horizontal Velcro srtip attaching band and vertical Velcro strip attaching band are required;
(2) Inconvenient to operate: It is inconvenient to operate because a seat cushion must be detached before fastening of the horizontal and vertical bands;
(3) Easy to displace: When one is sitting on the seat cover, the seat cover tends to displace because the bands are loosely secured to the vehicle seat;
(4) Uncomfortable to sit on: It is uncomfortable to sit on the seat cover because the bands are set therebelow; and
(5) Not practical in use: The horizontal and vertical bands must be changed according to the vehicle seat and cannot fit in with all kinds of seat covers.
It is therefore, the main object of the present invention to provide a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover which is easy to mount on a vehicle seat.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover which can be smoothly and firmly attached to any curved surface region of a vehicle seat.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide such a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover which utilizes fastening elements to fasten a cover cloth to a vehicle seat.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover in which the fastening element used includes a plurality of safety clips for insertion onto a vehicle seat so that the fastening element is firmly secured to the vehicle seat.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover in which the fastening element used includes a corrugated bottom surface to firmly engage with the outer fabric of a vehicle seat when the clips of the fastening element are inserted therein.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover in which the fastening elements are secured to the vehicle seat around its side wall region so as not to interfere with the smooth upper surface for comfortable sitting thereon.
A yet further object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detachable vehicle seat cover in which the fastening elements can be flexibly secured to the vehicle seat at any position, according to the type of the vehicle seat, which are suitable for mounting of a cover cloth smoothly and firmly thereon without causing any wrinkle.


A method for fabricating a beryllium or a beryllium alloy thin plate member for uses requiring great mechanical strength, such as X-ray aligners. A beryllium or a beryllium alloy is deposited on a base structure, and the base structure is then etched away to leave the thin film. However, bubbles or hollow spaces form in the thin film during the deposition stage. The thin film is shaped by using hot rolling, thereby improving the density and accordingly the mechanical strength.

A typical example of the x-ray aligner is illustrated in FIG. 1 and largely comprises an electron gun 1, a target holder used for retaining a palladium target 2 and a wafer holder where a semiconductor wafer 4 is mounted. When the electron gun 1 emits electron beams toward the palladium target 2, and x-ray radiates from the palladium target 2 through a beryllium window 5. If the wafer holder 3 is located under the beryllium window 5, the semiconductor wafer 4 is exposed to the x-ray, and a pattern is transferred from an x-ray mask (not shown) to the wafer 4. The beryllium window 5 is provided between a target chamber 6 and an exposure space (not shown) for partitioning and has a thickness of, for example, 50 microns. The target chamber 6 is maintained in a vacuum condition, and, on the other hand, the exposure space is in the atmospheric ambient, so that the beryllium window 5 is subjected to a substantial amount of force due to the difference in pressure between the target chamber 6 and the exposure space. If the beryllium window 5 is too thin to support the force, the beryllium window 5 is broken. On the other hand, when the beryllium window 5 is too thick, the x-ray is partially absorbed by the beryllium window 5, and, accordingly, a relatively small amount of the x-ray participates in the pattern transfer. Thus, there is a trade-off between the mechanical strength and the pattern transferring capability. In general, the larger the pattern transferring capability, the higher is the performance of the x-ray aligner system. Thus, research and development efforts have been directed towards fabricating a beryllium plate member having large mechanical strength.
One of the prior art processes is classified as powder metallurgy, and another is a vacuum evaporation technique. The former process sequence starts with melting down beryllium ingot to produce beryllium bulk. The beryllium bulk is pulverized into powder which in turn is subjected to a cold working or pressing. After the cold pressing, a hot vacuum pressing is carried out, followed by a hot rolling.
The later process firstly places a copper plate in a vacuum chamber, and a beryllium alloy is, then, deposited on the copper plate to coat with the thin film. After the deposition, the copper plate is removed by using, for example, nitric acid, so that the thin plate of the beryllium alloy is left thereafter.
However, a problem is encountered with respect to the former process with respect mechanical strength. This is because of the fact that beryllium particles are oxidized during the pulverization by using, for example, a ball mill and, accordingly, covered with undesirable oxide films. This results in a reduction in purity, which is causative of lower mechanical strength. The later process also has a problem with respect to mechanical strength. Since a plurality of bubbles or hollow spaces are much liable to be produced in the thin beryllium film during the vacuum evaporation stage, the thin film is relatively small in density and, accordingly, in mechanical strength.

Process of fabricating beryllium plate member with large mechanical strength


An apparatus for measuring objects includes a base plate for supporting an object to be measured and includes a probe. The probe is movable relative to the object by means of an actuator to sample the object in a contacting manner, wherein the probe carries, and in particular supports in a mount, a sampling body, in particular an elongate sampling body, whose front end is designed as a measuring tip for a contact with the object. The probe is arranged beneath the base plate, wherein at least one recess is provided in the base plate for leading through at least one section of the sampling body.

Apparatus of the named kind are in particular used to determine geometrical parameters of workpieces. The workpiece is usually fastened to the base plate using a mechanical mount. The base plate is built as solidly as possible and also serves, in addition to the support of the workpiece, as a reference for a coordinate system. The workpiece has to be mechanically fixed in a sufficient manner so that it does not move relative to the base plate during the measurement. The mechanical mount may not deform the workpiece. The workpiece fastened in the mount is sampled from above for the measurement.
Common coordinate measuring units are as a rule designed for relatively large objects to be measured. They typically have an average measuring range between 200 mm×200 mm×200 mm and 50 mm×500 mm×500 mm. The space requirements for installing a common coordinate measuring unit can accordingly amount to between 1500×1500×1500 mm and 4000×4000×4000 mm. Such large machines can have an overdimensioned effect to the extent that mainly relatively small objects are to be measured, e.g. objects of a size of approximately 10 mm×10 mm×10 mm. There is moreover the problem that with a variety of workpiece shapes to be measured the mechanical mount becomes undesirably complex and/or a plurality of replaceable mounts have to be provided.


In a variable displacement vane-type rotary compressor, a rotational displacement of an adjust member relative to a front member fixedly closing a front end of a cam ring varies a compression starting point of a rotary vane in a working chamber formed in the cam ring. The front member is formed with an induction port and a bypass port, and the adjust member is formed with a bypass recess. The induction port and the bypass recess are in communication with each other in the working chamber irrespective of a position of the vane under all of the rotational displacement of the adjust plate to establish a communication between the induction port and the bypass port in the working chamber irrespective of the position of the vane when the bypass port overlaps with the bypass recess.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a variable displacement vane-type rotary comressor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a variable displacement vane-type rotary compressor to be used as a refrigerant compressor for an air conditioner of a vehicle.
2. Description of the Background Art
In a variable displacement vane-type rotary compressor, a front plate fixedly closing a front end of a cam ring is formed with a pair of induction ports and a pair of bypass ports and an adjust plate formed with a corresponding pair of bypass openings is rotatably fitted into a central circular recess formed on the rear side of the front plate. A rotational displacement of the adjust plate varies a position of each bypass opening relative to the corresponding induction port and bypass port so as to control a compression starting point of a rotary vane in a working chamber provided in the cam ring. This type of the variable displacement vane-type rotary compressor is disclosed, for example, in a First Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-41692.
FIG. 1 shows a front plate and an adjust plate which are used in such a rotary compressor. A disk-shaped front plate 2 is formed at its center with a circular recess 4. The circular recess 4 is formed at its bottom with a pair of induction ports 6 located in a rotation symmetry with respect to a rotation axis of a rotor or an axis of the compressor, and with a pair of bypass ports 8 located in a rotation symmetry with respect to the rotation axis of the rotor. Each induction port 6 includes a recessed portion 10 which is formed by cutting out a portion of the circumferential wall 12 in a manner to enlarge dimensions of the opening, formed through the bottom of the circular recess 4, of the induction port 6. The bypass port 8 is located by spacing a predetermined distance from the induction port 6 in a direction along the rotation of the rotor, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1. Each induction port 6 and the corresponding bypass port 8 are arranged such that when a leading edge, with respect to the rotational direction of the rotor, of a sickle-shaped working chamber formed in the cam ring matches a leading end 14 of the induction port 6, a trailing end 16, with respect to the rotational direction of the rotor, of the bypass port 8 is located in the vicinity of a discharge port provided at a trailing end of the sickle-shaped working chamber.
The adjust plate 18 is rotatably fitted into the circular recess 4 with its circumferential periphery being in slidable contact with the circumferential wall 12 and with its front surface being in slidable contact with the bottom of the circular recess 4. In this condition, a rear surface of the adjust plate 18 is on a level with a rear annular surface of the front plate 2.
A pair of bypass openings 20, in the form of recessed cut-outs, are formed on the circumferential periphery of the adjust plate 18. The bypass openings 20 are located in a rotation symmetry with respect to the rotational axis of the rotor. Each bypass opening is of a size similar to that of the corresponding induction port 6.
A rotational displacement of the adjust plate 18 is controlled by control means provided in the compressor to vary a position of each bypass opening 20 relative to the corresponding induction port 6 and bypass port 8 so as to adjust a compression starting point of the rotary vane within the sickle-shaped working chamber. As shown in FIG. 2(A), the compression starting point is most advanced to maximize its discharge when the induction port 6 and the bypass opening 20 coincide with each other, i.e. the bypass opening 20 coincide with each other, i.e. the bypass opening 20 is only in communication with the induction port 6 and not in communication with the bypass port 8. This is because no working refrigerant which is introduced in to the sickle-shaped working chamber from an induction chamber through the induction port 6 and the bypass opening 20, is returned into the induction chamber through the bypass port 8. In this condition, the rotational displacement of the adjust plate is minimum. As shown in FIG. 2(B), the compression starting point is between most advanced and most retarded to make its discharge intermediate when a leading end 22, with respect to the rotational direction of the rotor, of the bypass opening 20 exceeds a trailing end 24 of the induction port 6 by predetermined distances in the rotational direction of the rotor. This is because a portion of the working refrigerant introduced through the recessed portion 10 of the induction port 6 is returned into the induction chamber through the bypass opening 20 and the bypass port 8, and the compression by the rotary vane starts after the rotary vane reaches a trailing end 26 of the bypass opening 20. In this condition, the rotational displacement of the adjust plate 18 is intermediate. As shown in FIG. 2(C), the compression starting point is most retarded to minimize its discharge when the trailing end 26 of the bypass opening 20 substantially coincide with the trailing end 16 of the bypass port 8. This is because most of the working refrigerant introduced through the recessed portion 10 of the induction port 6 is returned into the induction chamber through the bypass opening 20 and the bypass port 8, and the compression by the rotary vane starts after the rotary vane reaches the trailing end 26 of the bypass opening 20, which is close to the discharge port. In this condition, the rotational displacement of the adjust plate 18 is maximum.
The structure described above, however, involves the following problems.
In FIG. 2(a) where the compression starting point is most advanced, since a sufficient amount of the working refrigerant is introduced into the working chamber through the matched induction port 6 and bypass opening 20, no serious questions is raised. However, in FIGS. 2 (B) and (C), since the working refrigerant is introduced into the working chamber only through the recessed portion 10 of the induction port 6, the induction amount of the working refrigerant is insufficient to cause the power loss due to the pressure differential between forward and rearward of the rotary vane in the rotational direction of the rotor. Further, in FIGS. 2 (B) and (C), when the rotary vane is located between the recessed portion 10 of the induction port 6 and the bypass opening 20, the vane defines two sections in the working chamber forward and rearward of the vane, which are discommunicated with each other. Accordingly, the working refrigerant first introduced into the working chamber from the induction chamber through the recessed portion 10 of the induction port 6 is returned into the induction chamber through the bypass opening 20 and the bypass port 8, and is again introduced into the working chamber through the recessed portion 10. This recirculation of the working refrigerant causes agitation of the working refrigerant to increase a temperature thereof. This induces a lowering of durability of the compressor.

Variable displacement vane-type rotary compressor


The present invention includes an apparatus and method for blood pressure trend determination of a subject comprising: a housing; at least one of a photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor or a magnetic sensor in or on the housing and adapted to be worn by the subject, wherein the PPG/magnetic sensor uses a pulse oximeter to measure changes in skin light absorption; a processor for receiving a signal from the at least one of the PPG sensor or the magnetic sensor measurements, wherein the processor comprises a non-transitory computer readable medium having instruction stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: measure a trend analysis results to determine the blood pressure trend over a time period; and an input/output device that at least one of stores, displays, or transmits blood pressure trend of the subject.

Without limiting the scope of the invention, its background is described in connection with blood pressure measurements.
One such invention is taught in U.S. Pat. No. 9,668,656, issued to Banet, et al., is entitled "Body-worn system for measuring continuous non-invasive blood pressure (cNIBP)". Briefly, these inventors are said to teach a technique for continuous measurement of blood pressure based on pulse transit time and which does not require any external calibration. This technique is carried out with a body-worn monitor that measures blood pressure and other vital signs, and wirelessly transmits them to a remote monitor. A network of body-worn sensors, typically placed on the patient's right arm and chest, connect to the body-worn monitor and measure time-dependent ECG, PPG, accelerometer, and pressure waveforms. The disposable sensors can include a cuff that features an inflatable bladder coupled to a pressure sensor, three or more electrical sensors (e.g. electrodes), three or more accelerometers, a temperature sensor, and an optical sensor (e.g., a light source and photodiode) attached to the patient's thumb.
Another such invention is taught in U.S. Pat. No. 9,649,054, issued to Lamego, et al., and is entitled "Blood pressure measurement method". Briefly, these inventors are said to teach a blood pressure measurement system that non-invasively determines an individual's blood pressure and that can include a noninvasive blood pressure sensor having an optical sensor and a motion sensor. The optical sensor can provide a photoplethysmograph signal obtained from a patient to a processor. A motion sensor can provide a motion signal to the processor responsive to motion of the patient. In one embodiment, the processor calculates or estimates the blood pressure of the patient based on the photoplethysmograph signal and the motion signal. It is also said that the system can obtain this blood pressure measurement without an occlusive cuff, thereby reducing patient discomfort. In other implementations, the processor is said to calculate a blood pressure-related parameter from the photoplethysmograph and motion signal, wherein the processor can occasionally trigger an occlusive cuff measurement as this parameter changes, thereby reducing the frequency of occlusive cuff measurements.

Method of blood pressure estimation using trend analysis


Tree processing equipment with two position pivot point for actuator ends includes a retention bracket, a processing head and at least one actuator. A bottom of the retention bracket is pivotally attached to the processing head. One end of the actuator is pivotally attached to the retention bracket and an actuation end is pivotally attached to the processing head. A first pivot hole and a second pivot hole are formed through the processing head or the retention bracket. A pivot pin is inserted through an actuator end and the first pivot hole for harvesting and processing in normal terrains. The pivot pin is inserted through one of the actuator ends and the second pivot hole for processing trees in mountainous terrains.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to tree processing equipment and more specifically to tree processing equipment with two position pivot point for actuator ends.
2. Discussion of the Prior Art
Tree processing heads have a limited rotation angle relative to a retention bracket. In mountainous terrains, the tree processing equipment is forced to operate at extreme angles of inclination. State of the art tree processing equipment is not designed to operate at extreme angles of inclination. As a result processing trees becomes difficult, if not impossible in certain geographic areas. U.S. Pat. No. 6,962,178 to Duval discloses a tree processor. The Duval patent includes a coupling and processing head. Two pairs of apertures are formed in the processing head. The coupler is mounted to either one of the two pairs of apertures with a shaft. One end of an actuator is mounted to the coupler and the other end is mounted to one of two different mounting brackets located on the processing head. However, the two positions of the coupler relative to the processing head do not increase a rotational angle of the processing head relative to the coupler.
Accordingly, there is a clearly felt need in the art for tree processing equipment with two position pivot point for actuator ends, which allows the rotational angle of the processing head to be increased for mountainous terrains.


An assembled flexible textile capacitor module including a plurality of flexible textile capacitors and at least one flexible connecting board is provided. The flexible connecting board is connected electrically between two adjacent flexible textile capacitors, so that the flexible textile capacitors are connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a flexible textile capacitor module and more particularly to an assembled flexible textile capacitor module.
2. Description of Related Art
With the continuous progression of technology, not only has the textile technique improved, but products combining textiles with other elements have also been developed increasingly. Currently, textile capacitors capable of storing charges have been developed.
In patent document JP2004048897, a charging device of a power generator in a bicycle is disclosed, in which a super capacitor is adopted as an energy storage device of the bicycle. However, this type of charging devices cannot be combined freely for expansion and the voltage level is fixed.
Taiwan Patent No. M253542 discloses an improved power generator of a bicycle adopting a super capacitor, where the super capacitor is applied as the power supply of a display light of the bicycle. However, this type of generating structure cannot freely combine either, such that the application of these products remains limited.

Assembled flexible textile capacitor module