A method of and an arrangement for determining electric connections at a printed circuit board between boundary-scan compliant circuit terminals of one or more boundary-scan compliant devices. An electronic processing unit retrieves properties of the or each boundary-scan compliant device and a list comprising boundary-scan cells operable as a driver and/or sensor. Based on this list, a boundary-scan cell connected to a circuit terminal is operated as a driver, and at least one other boundary-scan cell connected to another circuit terminal is operated as a sensor. Data from the boundary-scan register, comprising the driver and sensor data, is stored in a storage device. The steps of operating boundary-scan cells as driver and sensor are repeated for a plurality of cells. The data stored are analyzed for determining electric connections. A result of the analysis is presented.

Design engineers, service repair technicians, production engineers and the like often require a simple tool for measuring electric connections between circuit terminals or pins of components and devices of an electronic circuit arrangement mounted on a Printed Circuit Board, PCB.
Such connection measurements can be performed using well-known multimeters, for example, by measuring the ohmic resistance between the respective circuit terminals. In the case of a galvanic electric connection by an electrically conductive track on the PCB, for example, the measured resistance will be near zero ohms. In the event of a broken connection, for example, a resistance near infinity will be measured.
The present miniaturization of Integrated Circuits, ICs, and the introduction of Surface Mounted Devices, SMDs, on both sides of a PCB, for example, have made it practically impossible to access the circuit terminals of such devices of an electronic circuit arrangement by the measurement probes of a multimeter or a test bed fixture.
However, also in the design of electronic circuit arrangements mounted on present PCBs there is a genuine need for measuring connections between circuit terminals of circuit components of the electronic circuit arrangement mounted on such PCB, in a simple and reliable manner.
Boundary-Scan Test, BST, technology provides a tool for testing connections between components, such as ICs, of an electronic circuit arrangement mounted on a PCB, without using physical test or measurement probes or fixtures. In a boundary-scan compliant device, boundary scan cells connect between the circuit terminals and the electronic circuitry of the device, also called the In Core Logic. The boundary-scan cells can force and/or capture data, i.e. digital signals, at the circuit terminals of the device. The boundary-scan cells of a device are series connected to form a boundary-scan register. Boundary-scan registers of boundary-scan compliant devices at a PCB may be series connected to form a single boundary-scan chain or a plurality of boundary-scan chains.
Test Access Ports, TAP, are provided for shifting data in and out of the boundary-scan register and for applying control signals to present data at an output of a boundary-scan cell, to capture data at an input of a boundary-scan cell, and for shifting data through the boundary-scan register.
Several types of boundary-scan cells can be distinguished:                an input cell;        an output2 cell, having two possible logic output states 0 or 1;        an output3 cell, having three possible logic output states 0, 1 and Z (tri-state);        a Bi-directional cell or Input/Output cell;        a dot 4 cell;        a dot 6 cell; and        a control cell for enabling or disabling the driver of an output3 cell or a bidirectional cell.
A boundary-scan cell operating for capturing data at an associated circuit terminal is also called a sensor and a boundary-scan cell operating for outputting data at an associated circuit terminal of a boundary-scan compliant device is also called a driver.
Boundary-scan test systems are generally comprised of two basic elements: a Test Program Generator, TPG, and the Test Execution, TE. A TPG requires a list describing the connectivity of the PCB, also called net list, and the so-called Boundary-Scan Description Language, BSDL, files of the respective boundary-scan components mounted on the PCB. BSDL enables users to provide a description of the manner in which a particular device is made boundary-scan compliant. The BSDL file is used by the boundary-scan test system to make use of the device features for test program generation and failure diagnosis.
For performing a boundary-scan measurement to gain knowledge about connections between circuit terminals on a PCB, a user has to provide a test plan consisting of various test steps, including the generation of test vectors, i.e. a well defined series of logical "1" and logical "0" bits. Developing such test vectors is time consuming, requires skilled users and knowledge about how the circuit terminals on the PCB are connected. Since IC's are getting more and more complex, the test procedures become likewise more complex and take more time to be completed. For a user, looking for a simple and reliable automatic alternative to the above-described multimeter approach for measuring connections of an electronic circuit arrangement mounted on a PCB, present regular boundary-scan testing does not provide a genuine alternative.

Method of and an arrangement for automatically measuring electric connections of electronic circuit arrangements mounted on printed circuit boards


A fiber optic control device comprises a joystick having fixed thereon a pivot ball to enable the stick to have universal pivotal movement. The control has a base provided with a socket in which said pivot ball is held captive while permitting the joystick to have said universal movement. The invention provides a pair of swivel members, and pivotally mountings for said swivel members on the base for movement about non-coincidental axes. Slide driving connections are provided between said joystick and swivel members, for causing reversible movements of the members in response to universal movements of the joystick. Mirrors are carried by the swivel members, and a fiber optic light transmission device is provided, which is cooperable with said mirrors and which includes a source of light that is adapted to direct a light beam against the mirrors, thereby to provide output light signals which are a function of the virtual position of said joy stick at any time.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to joystick devices of the kind having a swivel mounted manually-engageable lever capable of movement from a center position to any one of a number of angular positions lying within a theoretical upwardly-extending conical surface, for controlling the operation of various types of electronic or electromechanical equipment.
2. Description of the Related Art Including Information Disclosed Under 37 CFR Sections 1.97-1.99
The following references are hereby cited as being representative of some of the known prior art in the field to which the present invention pertains:
U.S. Pat. Nos.
4,459,022 4,731,530
U.S. Pat. No. 4,459,022 discloses a fiber optic sensor wherein a mirror is directly carried by a joystick so as to have universal movement as the joystick is manipulated. An optical cable having five fibers is mounted to cooperate with the mirror One cable directs a light beam against the mirror on the joystick to be reflected thereby, and the remaining four cables pick up light that is reflected from the mirror and carry the light to a light responsive control, from which signal functions are obtained to operate various pieces of equipment.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,731,530 a joystick operates sector members which have a predetermined varied transparency. Light beams are directed against the sectors and pass through the same with varying degrees of intensity, in the manner of a filter. These filtered beams are then utilized by means of electronic circuitry to effect control functions for operating different pieces of equipment.
While the foregoing patents disclose fiber optic cables in connection with joystick controls, the junctures where the cable were connected were shown as mostly diagrammatic in nature, with specific details largely omitted, and in practice such showings left much to be desired.
Such shortcomings in the prior art where the primary actuator is to join with the fiber optic cables are obviated by the present invention, and one object of the invention is to provide an improved and simplified, especially effective juncture means between cable ends on the one hand and the primary actuator on the other hand, which is reliable at all times.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved fiber optic control device of the type having cables and a joystick, which is especially straightforward and simple in its construction and economical to fabricate.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved fiber optic/joystick control as above set forth, wherein the number of moving parts are of simple shape and construction, thereby reducing manufacturing cost, simplifying assembly, and improving reliability.
Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.
In accomplishing the above objects the invention provides a joystick control comprising, in combination a joystick having fixed thereon a pivot ball which enables the stick to have a universal pivotal movement. A base provides a socket for the pivot ball and also a pivotal mounting means for a pair of swivel members which can move about non-coincidental axes. The swivel members have slots through which the lower end portion of the joystick can pass and freely slide, thereby to establish a related relationship between the members on the one hand and the movements of the joystick on the other hand. Each swivel member carries a mirror, and there is a fiber optic light transmission means which is cooperable with the mirrors and which includes light sources, that is operable to provide output light signals which then are a function of the virtual position of the joystick at any time.


Static analysis is applied to unrecognized software objects in order to identify and address potential anti-sandboxing techniques. Where static analysis suggests the presence of any such corresponding code, the software object may be forwarded to a sandbox for further analysis. In another aspect, multiple types of sandboxes may be provided, with the type being selected according to the type of exploit suggested by the static analysis.

One computer security technique for dealing with unidentified and potentially harmful code is to execute the code in a sandbox where the behavior of the code can be observed without exposing a user or computer system to any harmful effects. As malware has become more sophisticated, anti-sandbox techniques have emerged in which, when malware detects that it is executing in a sandbox environment, the malware delays execution of harmful code in order to avoid detection.
There remains a need for improved malware detection that works around these anti-sandboxing techniques in order to properly characterize otherwise unidentified code.

Mitigation of anti-sandbox malware techniques


An output shaft receives transmission of a driving force of a motor. A valley forming member has valley portions correspondingly to shift ranges and rotates integrally with the output shaft. An engaging member is biased with a biasing member in a direction to be fitted to a valley portion and is configured to be fitted to a target valley portion, which is a valley portion corresponding to a target shift range. The motor control unit performs a control to drive the motor. The motor shaft, which is a rotary shaft of the motor, and the output shaft have a play therebetween. The motor control unit determines a motor target position to locate the engaging member at a position shifted by a predetermined amount before the center of the target valley portion in the driving direction.

Conventionally, a shift range switching device, which switches a shift range by controlling a motor corresponding to a shift range switching request from a driver, is known. For example, Patent Literature 1 employs a switched reluctance motor as a driving source of a shift range switching mechanism. Hereinafter, the switched reluctance motor may be referred to as an SR motor.


Customized 3D-printing can provide users with customized products, but need to be verified for quality and durability. In an embodiment, a method for three-dimensional (3D)-printing a customized product includes loading a 3D-font from a database. The 3D font includes multiple character relations. Each character relation connects any two given characters of the 3D font. The method also includes generating a 3D-representation of a customized article product based on the 3D-font. The customized product is based on a plurality of characters received from a user. A 3D-font as described herein can provide customized, on-demand, 3D-printed products of a particular threshold of quality and durability.

Computer systems currently employ two-dimensional (2D)-fonts for displaying text. These fonts can be displayed on a virtual user display or printed on two-dimensional media, such as paper or posters. 2D-fonts typically have a character for each symbol. Some 2D-fonts are separated from letter to letter, for print text, and other 2D-fonts can be connected from letter to letter, to represent cursive, for example.

3D fonts for automation of design for manufacturing


In various examples, sensor data may be adjusted to represent a virtual field of view different from an actual field of view of the sensor, and the sensor data—with or without virtual adjustment—may be applied to a stereographic projection algorithm to generate a projected image. The projected image may then be applied to a machine learning model—such as a deep neural network (DNN)—to detect and/or classify features or objects represented therein.

Autonomous driving systems and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) may leverage various sensors to perform various tasks—such as lane keeping, lane changing, lane assignment, camera calibration, turning, stopping, path planning, and localization. For example, for autonomous and ADAS systems to operate independently and efficiently, an understanding of the surrounding environment of the vehicle in real-time or near real-time may be generated. This understanding may include information as to locations of objects, obstacles, lane markers, signs, and/or traffic lights in the environment, which provide context and visual indicia for various demarcations, such as lanes, road boundaries, intersections, and/or the like. The information of the surrounding environment may be used by a vehicle when making decisions, such as a path to travel in view of the various objects (e.g., vehicles, pedestrians, bicyclists, etc.) in the environment, when and if to change lanes, how fast to drive, where to stop at an intersection, and/or the like.
As an example, information regarding locations and attributes of objects and/or lanes in an environment of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle may prove valuable when performing path planning, obstacle avoidance, and/or control decisions. Machine learning models and/or computer vision algorithms are often trained or programmed to generate information of the surrounding environment of a vehicle. For example, these machine learning models (e.g., deep neural networks (DNNs)) and/or computer vision algorithms are trained to generate an understanding of the surrounding environment represented by sensor data (e.g., images) generated by sensors with varying fields of view. For example, many DNNs may be trained using sensors (e.g., image sensors) with fields of view between 60 and 120 degrees. However, at least some sensors (e.g., cameras, LIDAR sensors, RADAR sensors, etc.) of a vehicle may have a field of view greater than 120 degrees—such as parking cameras positioned to a rear or front of a vehicle, or side-view cameras positioned on side-view mirrors of a vehicle. For example, parking cameras often employ fisheye cameras with fields of view of upwards of or greater than 190 degrees. As a result, image data generated by these image sensors having wide fields of view may not be suitable for processing by DNNs—e.g., due to distortion, artifacts, and/or other imperfections.
In conventional systems, objects of a vehicle's environment may be detected using a DNN trained to detect features represented by training image data generated using image sensors having fields of view of less than 120 degrees. For example, pinhole cameras—often used for forward-facing cameras (known as "dash cameras" or "dash cams," colloquially) and rear-facing cameras—are examples of image sensors with a typically narrower fields of view. Images captured by such image sensors have minimal distortion, as the images are largely rectilinear, and images generated by such cameras may be used to train the DNN to detect features of an environment. However, image data captured by parking cameras (e.g., fisheye cameras) with a higher degree field of view (e.g., greater than 120 degrees) may include distortion in areas where limited information is available (e.g., edges of the images), and thus may result in inaccurate computations by a DNN. As such, conventional approaches may retrain the DNN using image data captured by sensors with greater fields of view, which not only requires significant computational cost and manual effort, but also limits the scalability and adaptability of the DNN for sensor data representing smaller fields of view (e.g., less than 120 degrees). As a result, these conventional systems require training various instances of DNNs such that each instance of the DNN corresponds to a particular field of view—e.g., a first instance for a field of view of 90-120 degrees and a second instance for a field of view of 120-180 degrees. In addition, even where the DNN is trained specifically for wider fields of view, due to the variance in both scales and angles of distortion in image data from wide-view sensors, labeling features for ground truth may be difficult due to the skewed orientation of the features (e.g., object, lines) in the image. For example, features such as lines and shapes in image-space may not align with the locations of the same in world-space, adding another layer of complexity for the DNN and/or post-processing to accurately coordinate outputs of the DNN with real-world locations of features. Without an accurate mapping of outputs to world-space locations, the DNN may not be as reliable for performing operations in a technology space as safety critical as autonomous driving.

Projecting images captured using fisheye lenses for feature detection in autonomous machine applications


A comprehensive user control system for use with therapeutic wellness devices is described, comprising such a wellness device, data equipment capable of connection to a data communications network, and a removable data link capable of permitting data communication between the wellness device and data equipment. Other embodiments comprise a general purpose computer capable of connection to a data communications network and programmed to control a wellness device across a removable data link; a method of controlling a wellness device including obtaining over certain data communications connections a program for controlling the device and operating the device in accordance with the program; and a method of controlling a wellness device comprising presentation of a request for therapeutic relief not specifying a particular mechanical action to be performed by the device, and translation of that request into at least one command executable by at least one wellness device.

Therapeutic wellness devices such as massage chairs, massage ottomans, vibrators, heating pads, massage pads, aromatherapy devices and various forms of exercise equipment bring relief and relaxation to their users, often using patterns or programs of varying massage or other therapeutic modalities that have traditionally been controlled by a hardwired, handheld control box unit. While the massage and other therapeutic programs delivered by such handheld control units are effective to a degree, they suffer from the limitations of those control units. Only a limited number of massage or other therapeutic programs that can be invoked from the limited numbers of buttons, controls and displays present on such control units. Further, users may not understand how to use such units for optimal effectiveness, or how to translate body condition or complaints into the appropriate or optimal massage or other therapeutic programs. The power and usefulness of these massage and other therapeutic devices can be radically expanded by harnessing the power of distributed computing and computer networks, and also by using sensors and other feedback devices in or associated with the massage or other therapeutic device. These enhancements allow greater flexibility and portability in managing and administering massage and other therapeutic operations, and a shift in emphasis from basic control of simple massage or other therapeutic patterns to comprehensive responses to medical or physiological conditions or situations.
Accordingly, a comprehensive user control system for use with massage or other therapeutic wellness devices is discussed herein, including a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprising an apparatus enabling a connection of massage chairs and other massage or therapeutic wellness devices with wired or wireless external computing units such as personal computers, tablet computers, and smartphones, and with private and public data communications networks such as the Internet. One embodiment comprises a system comprising a therapeutic wellness device and a data link capable of conducting data communication between the therapeutic wellness device and data equipment capable of connection to a data communications network. In various other embodiments, the data equipment comprises a general purpose computer, the data equipment comprises a software application capable or communicating with and controlling the therapeutic wellness device, the data equipment comprises a means for graphically interacting with a user, the data equipment comprises a data communications network, the therapeutic wellness device is a massage chair, and/or the data link is wireless. Other embodiments comprise a program that comprises instructions usable by the therapeutic wellness device and that is communicable across the data link, a program that comprises instructions capable of being used in conjunction with controlling the therapeutic wellness device and that is transferable across a data network. In other embodiments, the therapeutic wellness device is capable of transmitting data over the data link, such as data that pertain to the mechanical condition of the therapeutic wellness device, or that pertain to the usage of the therapeutic wellness device. Another embodiment comprises software residing in the therapeutic wellness device that is capable of being modified by data transmitted across the data link.
Another embodiment in accordance with the present invention comprises a general purpose computer capable of connection to a data communications network, which is programmed to control at least one therapeutic wellness device across a removable data link. In another embodiment, the general purpose computer is portable and the data link is wireless. In other embodiments, the system is configured to maintain a data link with at least one therapeutic wellness device when the system is brought into proximity with that therapeutic wellness device, the system is configured to maintain a data link with at least one of a plurality of models of therapeutic wellness device, and/or the system is configured to convert therapeutic wellness device model-independent information into data compatible with at least one particular model of therapeutic wellness device. In other embodiments, the system is configured to retain data pertaining to at least one user of a therapeutic wellness device, the retained data comprises a user's preferences regarding the operation of the therapeutic wellness device, the system is configured to select at least one particular item of therapy to suggest to a user, and/or the time of day affects a selection of a particular item of therapy to suggest to a user. In other embodiments, the system comprises an interactive graphical user interface, the interactive graphical user interface is configured to comprise displaying an image corresponding to at least a portion of a human body and receiving a user's selection of a portion of said image, the operation of the therapeutic wellness device is determined at least in part by which portion of the image is selected, the interactive graphical user interface is configured to communicate intended benefits from at least one program that is available for selection by a user and that comprises instructions capable of being used in conjunction with controlling a therapeutic wellness device, and/or the therapeutic wellness device is a massage chair.
Other embodiments in accordance with the present invention comprise a method of controlling a therapeutic wellness device comprising obtaining a program that comprises instructions capable of being used in conjunction with controlling the therapeutic wellness device and operating the therapeutic wellness device in a manner corresponding to at least one of the instructions in the program. In certain embodiments, the program is selected from a plurality of programs made available to a user by a general purpose computer programmed to control at least one therapeutic wellness device across a data link, the program is obtained over a data communications network, obtained from a website, obtained from a user of a therapeutic wellness device, obtained from a medical provider, obtained from a source identified with providing programs that comprise instructions capable of being used in conjunction with controlling at least one model of therapeutic wellness device, and/or obtained from a source of supply of at least one model of therapeutic wellness device, and/or the therapeutic wellness device is a massage chair.
Other embodiments in accordance with the present invention comprise a method of controlling a therapeutic wellness device comprising presentation of a request for therapeutic relief that does not specify a particular mechanical action to be performed by a therapeutic wellness device, and translation of the request into at least one command executable by at least one therapeutic wellness device. In another embodiment, the method further comprises transmitting at least one of the request or the at least one command across a data link between data equipment and at least one therapeutic wellness device, and execution of the at least one command by at least one therapeutic wellness device. in another embodiments, the presentation of a request comprises selection of a particular portion of a graphical image corresponding to at least a portion of a human body, pointing to a portion of the user's physical body, and/or presenting information on a condition of a user's body. In other embodiments, an algorithm for performing the translation is selected from among a plurality of available algorithms for performing the translation, and/or the therapeutic wellness device is a massage chair.
Another embodiment of the present invention comprises connections between the massage or other therapeutic wellness device and ancillary devices such as devices for providing additional sensory stimulation, and inclusion of or connections with sensors for reporting of user physiologic data. Another embodiment comprises the use of an interconnected massage or other therapeutic wellness device for control by a local or remote computing device. Another embodiment comprises command of a single massage or other therapeutic wellness device by multiple computing devices or of multiple massage or other therapeutic wellness devices by a single computing device. Another embodiment comprises remote delivery or recording for later user of massage or other therapeutic wellness sequences or programs. Another embodiment comprises integration of massage or other therapeutic wellness programs with audiovisual and multimedia programs. Another embodiment comprises the reporting by the massage or other therapeutic wellness device out to a computer of massage or other therapeutic wellness device data. Another embodiment comprises the use of massage or other therapeutic wellness device sensor feedback for commanding the massage or other therapeutic wellness device by gesture or for medical or therapeutic soothing uses of the massage or other therapeutic wellness device beyond simple short-tem, active massaging or therapy. Another embodiment comprises an exemplary software application for use with the external computing device in controlling and interacting with the massage or other therapeutic wellness device.

Comprehensive user control system for therapeutic wellness devices


An apparatus for restricting relative sliding movement of first and second belt portions arranged in an overlapping side-by-side relationship is usable with a three-point safety seat belt system for securing a child's seat on a vehicle seat. The apparatus includes a V-shaped member having a pair of leg portions and a bight portion interconnecting the leg portions. The V-shaped member has an opening in the bight portion. A bar is pivotally connected to the leg portions of the V-shaped member. When it is desired to secure a child's seat on a vehicle seat, the lap belt portion is extended around the child's seat and a tongue plate slidably fastened to the lap and shoulder belt portions is secured to a belt buckle. With the bar in an open position, a loop formed from overlapped lap and shoulder belt portions of the seat belt webbing adjacent the tongue plate is inserted through the opening in the bight portion of the V-shaped member. The bar is received in the loop and is moved to a closed position between the leg portions. The bar clamps the lap and shoulder belt portions of the loop against the V-shaped member when tension is applied at least to one of the belt portions to restrict relative sliding movement of the lap and shoulder belt portions.

A typical three-point safety seat belt system for use in a vehicle includes belt webbing having one end secured to the vehicle. The belt webbing is guided through a D-shaped ring secured to the vehicle, and the other end of the belt webbing is connected to a seat belt retractor secured to the vehicle. The seat belt retractor includes a spool on which the belt webbing is wound and from which the belt webbing is withdrawn. The belt webbing is slidable through the D-shaped ring as the belt webbing is wound onto the spool or withdrawn from the spool. A buckle tongue is carried by and slidable on the belt webbing. The tongue is latchable with a belt buckle fixed to the vehicle. When the tongue is latched with the belt buckle, the belt webbing is divided into a lap belt portion and a shoulder belt portion.
When it is desired to use a child's seat in the vehicle, the child's seat is first placed on a vehicle seat. The lap belt portion of the belt webbing is extended around the child's seat and the adjust tongue is latched with the belt buckle. The lap belt portion bears on the child's seat to secure the child's seat on the vehicle seat.
In a conventional three-point safety seat belt system, the belt webbing may be able to slide relative to the tongue even though the tongue is latched with the belt buckle. Sliding of the belt webbing relative to the adjust tongue may result in loosening of the lap belt portion about the child's seat. If the lap belt portion loosens about the child's seat, the child's seat may move relative to the vehicle seat.
There are known ways to restrict sliding of the belt webbing relative to the tongue when the lap belt portion of the belt webbing is used to secure the child's seat on a vehicle seat. One way is to use a second locking tongue in addition to the tongue which is latched with the belt buckle as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,685,740 to Fohl. The additional tongue permits tightening of the lap belt portion and resists loosening of the lap belt portion. The additional cost is a drawback in using an additional adjust tongue in a conventional three-point safety seat belt system.
Another known way to restrict sliding of the belt webbing relative to the tongue when a child's seat is secured on the vehicle seat is to use a known clip for securing the lap belt portion of the belt webbing to the shoulder belt portion of the belt webbing. The clip preferably is made from stamped metal and includes a pair of C-shaped end portions connected by a central bar. To use the clip, the lap and shoulder belt portions are overlapped and manipulated so that the belt portions are trained through the clip and around the bar. Tension on the belt causes the belt portions to be secured together and relative movement of the belt portions is restricted. Thus, the child's seat is secured on the vehicle seat.

Apparatus for restricting relative movement of belt portions


There is provided a greenhouse windbreak mechanism which is less prone to collapse of cultivation greenhouses, even when the greenhouse windbreak mechanism is constructed along with the cultivation greenhouses such as plastic greenhouses with relatively-lower strength and is subjected to storm winds or strong monsoons. There are provided a windbreak fence which surrounds one or more cultivation greenhouses and is annularly placed to be erected with a larger height than that of the cultivation greenhouses, a ventilation portion which is formed, at an upper portion of the windbreak fence, to have a predetermined longitudinal width from the upper end of the windbreak fence and includes a plurality of through holes which are dispersedly placed; and a plurality of baffle plates which form a plurality of through holes in its entire surface or partially for passing strong winds therethrough when they are laterally placed above the cultivation greenhouses. The ventilation portion and the baffle plates alleviate strong winds intruding into the inside of the mechanism by getting around the upper end of the windbreak fence, when the strong winds impinge on the windbreak fence.

Cultivation greenhouses prevent vegetables within the greenhouses from being directly influenced by external air, which enables controlling environments other than sunlight, such as temperature, humidity, air flows and watering, thereby stabilizing production and product quality, in comparison with outdoor cultivations which are directly influenced by atmospheric temperature and weather. Cultivation greenhouses of sunlight-use types which utilize only sunlight and cultivation greenhouses of sunlight-parallel-use types which partially utilize photonic synthesis through sunlight are popular, since they enable cultivations in season-shift manners and sales with higher prices, in comparison with complete-control type plant factories which perform photonic synthesis only through artificial light sources without utilizing sunlight. Cultivation greenhouses generally include plastic greenhouses and glass greenhouses and have been installed in various areas, as well as in cold areas in Japan, at the present time.
A plastic greenhouse includes iron pipes or wooden members as its frames and also is covered at its outer walls with synthetic resin films made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or the like. Plastic greenhouses are reduced in transmittance, since the resin films therein are degraded by ultraviolet rays in sunlight, which necessitate replacement of these films at regular time intervals. However, these plastic greenhouses are more inexpensive than glass greenhouses provided with large-sized and heavy glass plates and are used in wider ranges than those of glass greenhouses. Plastic greenhouses necessitate replacement of resin films at regular time intervals and, furthermore, have the problem of the occurrence of damages of crops therein and collapse of the greenhouses themselves in the event that the vinyl films are fractured by strong winds. This problem is also induced in glass greenhouses more than a little.
As a countermeasure against collapse of vinyl greenhouses, in JP-A No. 9-51729, beams are formed from iron pipes with larger thicknesses, similarly to the supporting columns, and nets or vinyl sheets integrated with tension-construction wires are mounted to the outer sides of greenhouses. In JP-A No. 2001-95397, films or nets which are attached to greenhouses are enabled to be completely eliminated or upwardly wound immediately before the occurrence of typhoons, further two films are provided and stretched such that they overlap with each other, arch pipes arranged in conformance to a ridge are bound to one another at their center portions through reinforcing ropes, and these ropes are coupled, at their opposite ends, to a vertical frame pipe. In JP-A No. 2002-78421, poles are erected outside outer-peripheral poles constituting a greenhouse framework with intervals provided therebetween, pipes are coupled to both the poles therebetween for reinforcing them with each other, and this framework is placed at a predetermined interval from the greenhouse in the circumferential direction and is coupled to the greenhouse.
Prior Art Literature
Patent Literature
Patent Literature 1: JP-A No. 9-51729
Patent Literature 2: JP-A No. 2001-95397
Patent Literature 3: JP-A No. 2002-78421
Non-Patent Literature
Non-Patent Literature 1: Masaki Takatsuji, "The Basic and Practices of Plant Factories", Shoka Shobo


A system and method for imaging of a sample, e.g., biological sample, are provided. In particular, at least one source electro-magnetic radiation forwarded to the sample and a reference may be generated. A plurality of detectors may be used, at least one of the detectors capable of detecting a signal associated with a combination of at least one first electro-magnetic radiation received from the sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation received from the reference. At least one particular detector may have a particular electrical integration time, and can receive at least a portion of the signal for a time duration which has a first portion with a first power level greater than a predetermined threshold and a second portion immediately preceding or following the first portion. The second portion may have a second power level that is less than the predetermined threshold, and extends for a time period which may be, e.g., approximately more than 10% of the particular electrical integration time.

Image artifacts resulting from motion have been important issues of research in many medical imaging modalities because they may degrade the image quality and cause inaccurate clinical interpretation of images. Artifacts can arise when an object being imaged (sample) is moved during data acquisition but is assumed stationary in the image reconstruction process. In each imaging modality, motion artifacts can be present in different forms and with different magnitudes. Understanding basic motion effects in a particular imaging method is an essential step toward the development of techniques to avoid or compensate resulting artifacts. Optical interferometric imaging methods using frequency domain ranging have recently received considerable interest due to their high image acquisition speed and sensitivity.
Two frequency domain techniques have been demonstrated: spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) as described in A. F. Fercher et al., "Measurements of intraocular distances by backscattering spectral interferometry," Opt. Comm. 117, 43-48 (1995), G. Hausler et al., "Coherence radar and spectral radar—new tools for dermatological diagnosis," J. Biomed. Opt. 3, 21-31 (1998), M. Wojtkowski et al., "Real time in vivo imaging by high-speed spectral optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 1745-1747 (2003), N. Nassif et al., "In-vivo human retinal imaging by ultra high-speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 29, 480-482 (2004), S. H. Yun et al., "High-speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography at 1.3 μm wavelength," Opt. Express 11, 3598-3604 (2003), and optical frequency domain imaging ("OFDI") S. R. Chinn, E. Swanson, and J. G. Fujimoto, "Optical coherence tomography using a frequency-tunable optical source," Opt. Lett. 22, 340-342 (1997), B. Golubovic et al., "Optical frequency-domain reflectometry using rapid wavelength tuning of a Cr4+:forsterite laser," Opt. Lett. 22, 1704-1706 (1997), F. Lexer et al., "Wavelength-tuning interferometry of intraocular distances," Appl. Opt. 36, 6548-6553 (1997), S. H. Yun et al, "High-speed optical frequency-domain imaging," Opt. Express 11, 2953-2963 (2003), the entire disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Using the SD-OCT technique, the spectral interference fringe can be measured in the spatial domain by means of a diffraction grating and a charge-coupled device ("CCD") array. In exemplary OFDI techniques, the spectral fringe is mapped to the time domain by use of a frequency-swept light source and measured with a photodetector as a function of time. In both methods; axial reflectance profile (A-line) is obtained by performing a discrete Fourier transform of the acquired data. Since the Fourier transform process involves integration of the entire data set obtained in single A-line period, the signal-to-noise ratio ("SNR") is enhanced relative to time domain ranging, as described in S. H. Yun et al., "High-speed optical frequency-domain imaging," Opt. Express 11, 2953-2963 (2003), R. Leitgeb, et al. "Performance of Fourier domain vs. time domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 889-894 (2003), J. F. de Boer et al., "Improved signal-to-noise ratio in spectral-domain compared with time-domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Lett. 28, 2067-2069 (2003), and M. A. Choma et al., "Sensitivity advantage of swept source and Fourier domain optical coherence tomography," Opt. Express 11, 2183-2189 (2003), the entire disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference This improvement in SNR is particularly advantageous for applications requiring high image acquisition rates such as screening for disease and surveillance of large tissue volumes. It is, however, possible that the integration effect enhances the sensitivity to sample motion because the motion-induced change in signal is also integrated over the entire A-line acquisition period.
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography ("SD-OCT") makes use of low-coherence spectral interferometry to obtain cross-sectional images of a biological sample. Interference fringes as a function of wavelength are measured using a broadband light source and a spectrometer based on a charge-coupled-device ("CCD") camera. The axial reflectivity profile of a sample, or an A-line, can be obtained by a discrete Fourier transform of the camera readout data. This imaging technique has recently gone through rapid technical development to demonstrate high quality imaging of biological samples with fast image acquisition time, an order of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art time-domain OCT systems. The recent advancement in imaging speed may lead to the utilization of SD-OCT in a number of clinical applications in the near future.
The SD-OCT systems that have been used to date utilized either a continuous-wave ("cw") broad-spectrum light source, such as super luminescent diodes ("SLD"), or ultrashort mode-locked pulses with a high repetition rate in the range of 10-100 MHz. In both cases, the CCD array is generally illuminated constantly, and therefore the exposure time of the CCD camera determines the signal acquisition time for a single A-line. In this case, a path length change in the interferometer during image acquisition results in phase drift in the interference fringe. If the phase drifts over more than μ during a single A-line acquisition, the interference fringe can be completely erased, resulting in a degradation of SNR. This motion artifact can be caused by axial motion of a sample relative to the probe beam. By comparison, transverse sample motion or transverse beam scanning does not result in fringe washout. However, the transverse motion can result in degradation in transverse resolution and SNR. In medical imaging in vivo, the motion effects can arise from various sources. The main causes include patient motion, physiological phenomena such as cardiac motion, blood flow, pulsation, and catheter movement associated with beam scanning or uncontrolled movement of operator's hand. Furthermore, environmental changes such as mechanical vibration, sound waves, and temperature drift can alter the path length difference in the interferometer, resulting in SNR degradation through fringe washout. Considering that cameras appropriate for SD-OCT typically provide exposures times longer than 10 μs, a solution to the fringe washout problem will be required for biomedical applications where sample and probe motion is common.
Therefore, one of the objects of the present invention is to reduce or eliminate the motion artifacts.

System and method for optical coherence imaging


Systems and methods for filling a customer order. An automated label and verification machine is used to print and apply patient labels to products containing medical items and then verify the product label and patient label on each of the products. In order to supply the automated label and verification machine with a batch of different products making up the customer order, a user is sent to a storage carousel and prompted to pick the products from storage locations rotated into location adjacent to a door in the cage surrounding the storage carousel. The use of the storage carousels maximizes the number of distinct products and amount of those products that may be stored in close relation to the automated label and verification machine, thereby making the process more space and time efficient.

Conventionally, pharmacies have filled large quantities of customer orders for skilled nursing facilities, assisted living facilities, independent living facilities, group homes, hospice facilities and other configurations of the nursing home industry and institutionalized long term care industry with a labor-intensive, pharmacist-based, assembly line method. Typically, a customer order is comprised of patient prescriptions issued by a physician and fulfilled under close pharmacist supervision. In general, filling of prescriptions consists of executing the customer order by associating the correct pharmaceutical product or medical item with the correct prescription label. Generally, such filling is performed by pharmacists, technicians, or combinations of these individuals. The prescription labels with patient information (hereafter referred to as "patient labels") are typically printed out in batch form with flag labels for every patient label regardless of whether the product requires a flag label or not, and these batches of labels are carried around by the individuals collecting the packages from bulk inventory. Products in the form of a variety of packages (e.g., 24-Hour, 7-day, 14-day, 15-day, 30-day dosages, and individually by form and strength), are removed from bulk inventory and, thereafter, a prescription label is printed and manually applied to the appropriate product.
Following collection of the products and application of the patient labels, the application may then be verified in one of many ways. It can be checked against a master order sheet (MAR) or visually checked by the technician, pharmacist, or a combination of these individuals. The correct patient label application can also be verified by manually scanning the barcode or indicia on the prescription label and looking up the required prescription medication name, strength and dose which is then matched to the barcode or indicia that is scanned on the product/package label. If these attributes match, then the patient centric labeled product/package is considered to be verified. Once each patient centric labeled product is verified, then the patient centric labeled products are grouped and presorted into containers. The grouping and presorting of products can be done based on the patient, the residence of the patient or shipping location, the delivery method or carrier, time of day, or any other styled grouping of such. The presorted containers are broken down in a sorting area where the products are individually scanned and placed into the shipping containers (e.g., boxes, bags, bins, or totes). Typically at this point, the label application is re-verified and the product's association with the particular shipping container is checked. This is a barcode-scanning step where the package label, the prescription label, and the shipping container (or any combination of these items) are confirmed to be correct. By the time a labeled and verified product is correctly placed in a shipping tote, it has typically been handled or touched by an individual up to approximately 11-13 times. The large number of touches required to process products represents inefficiencies and increases the potential for human error.
In an attempt to address these process inefficiencies and reduce the number of required human touches for each product, an automated label and verification (ALV) system has been developed as described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,215,540 to Szesko et al., which is co-owned by the assignee of the present invention, and is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. The automated label and verification system includes a turntable configured to receive a stack of blister cards or a series of product boxes. Robotic machinery scans the product labels on these blister cards and product boxes, positions the cards/boxes on the turntable, rotates the cards/boxes to a label printing and application station where a patient label is printed and applied on demand, scans both labels for verification of proper labeling, and rotates the cards/boxes to a removal station where a robot moves the cards/boxes into totes for downstream processing and shipping. The automated label and verification system has greatly increased the efficiency and improved the quality of the prescription filling process for blister cards and product boxes by automating the label printing, application, and verification process to reduce human touches required.
The ALV system described above must be supplied with the blister cards and product boxes by an operator. As shown in FIG. 1, the operator 10 has conventionally retrieved batches of blister cards and product boxes for a particular customer order from a pick-to-light system 12 located adjacent to the turntable (not shown in FIG. 1). The pick-to-light system 12 includes a plurality of pick-to-light inventory racks 14 arranged in aisles, each inventory rack 14 including a plurality of shelves 16 with separated storage locations 18 holding bulk shipper cases 20 containing the medical items. As well understood, the operator 10 must walk along each of the aisles of pick-to-light inventory racks 14 to identify all illuminated storage locations 18 containing medical items that must be picked for a current customer order. As the pick-to-light system 12 illustrated includes about 312 storage locations 18 in nearly 1000 square feet of flow space, this process of walking to each of the inventory racks 14 and collecting the picks can be a time-consuming process for each customer order. Furthermore, pharmacies handle many more than 312 distinct medical items and pharmaceuticals in these blister cards and product boxes, so the pick-to-light system 12 is only capable of holding and dispensing a portion of the medical items needed for customer orders (preferably the most often filled medical items). All other medical items must be retrieved from non-pick-to-light (NPTL) storage locations using the conventional process of carrying a pick ticket through these NPTL storage locations and then staging and pre-sorting batches of medical items into a plurality of totes to be used at the ALV system.
Therefore, there remains room for improvement in the methodologies used by pharmacies to fill prescriptions against customer orders. More specifically, it would be desirable to minimize the human movements required to fill a customer order while increasing efficiency for the picking, labeling, and verification process.

Automated label and verification systems and methods for filling customer orders of medical items


Provided herein are teachings directed to calibrating an output device such as a color display, using a visual method of determining the gamma for the blue primary that is easier to perform and more consistent than methodologies employing a luminance-matching task. The methodology is based on the insight that accurate gamma estimation for blue is important not for luminance reproduction, but for proper color-balance, and most importantly grey-balance. Thus, it follows to use grey-balancing, rather than luminance-matching, as the criterion for selecting the blue gamma value. One variant as taught herein is to provide a user visual task to find a patch best representing neutral, given previously determined calibrated digital values for the red and green primaries that produce 50% fractional luminance. A large patch is displayed within a larger surround containing both a white border and either a checkerboard or a line pattern, so as to establish a reference for the neutral axis. The user adjusts a control causing only the value of the blue primary to change. This changes the color of the patch in the middle, moving it along a line from yellowish to bluish. The user thus selects the value at which the patch appears most nearly neutral with respect to the surround. Effectively, the task is to match the chromaticity of a grey patch with that of a halftone pattern.

The teachings presented herein relate generally to calibration of output display devices. The teachings presented herein relate more specifically to calibration of color displays.
The need for "soft-proofing" continues to grow especially in the graphic arts and production color markets. It is also expected to play an increasingly important role in distributed and remote color management applications. To be useful, soft-proofing depends for its deployment upon having a calibrated display. At the high end of the graphic arts market, users are willing to calibrate their displays using expensive instruments. Further down market, users may use interactive visual calibration techniques. These visual techniques are not as accurate as their measurement-based counterparts; but they are relatively inexpensive, and the quality is sufficient for many applications.
An important color characteristic of display devices is the 1-dimensional tone response of each of the R, G and B (red, blue, and green) primaries. For CRTs (Cathode-Ray Tubes) and many LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays), this tone response is described by a power-law relationship between input digital value and displayed luminance. The exponent of the power-law is frequently referred to as "gamma". The focus of the teachings provided herein below is on the estimation of correct gamma for a given display as user determined by the employment of visual tasks.
Previous techniques for gamma estimation either a) assume all three channels are identical; or b) provide the same controls for all three channels. Perhaps the most well-known prior art approach involves adjusting the digital value of a continuous-tone patch (which could be pure R, G, B or R=G=B) until its lightness matches that of a halftone pattern generated using alternating on/off lines. One GUI (Graphical User Interface) implementation providing a user visual task for luminance-matching is as shown in FIG. 1. Here Gamma determination is made by 50% luminance-matching. The sliders 100 associated with each color patch R, G, and B, are user adjusted until the left half 110 and right half 120 are determined as matching in lightness. In this particular embodiment, the left half 110 has exactly ½ black and ½ full on continuous-tone color as provided here by interlaced horizontal stripes alternating between black and contone (continuous-tone) color.
The assumption relied upon here is that the fractional luminance of the halftone pattern is 50% (as provided in the left half 110), i.e. it is halfway between the luminance provided at full-off and full-on. The desired determined value of gamma is estimated from the digital value needed to match the 50% fractional luminance by the equation 1 which follows:YHT=(Dselect−Doffset)γγ=log(YHT)/log(Dselect−Doffset)  Eqn. (1)where Dselect is the digital value selected in the visual task, YHT is the fractional luminance of the 50% halftone pattern. Doffset is the offset value below which there is no discernable response from the device. This parameter is obtained separately either from measurements or from visual tasks.
The technique just described is in widespread use within many commercially available display calibration tools, and it is believed was first mentioned in the publication to William B. Cowan, "An Inexpensive Scheme For Calibration Of A Colour Monitor In Terms Of CIE Standard Coordinates", Computer Graphics, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 315-321.
Visual tasks that assume the same gamma for the 3 channels use greyscale (R=G=B) images or patches, and are generally simple to execute. However, the equi-gamma assumption is often incorrect. The Photoshop™ 3.0 calibration tool for example attempts to correct for this assumption by having the users perform a grey-balance adjustment jointly with the 50% greyscale luminance matching task. However, this is an iterative procedure that can produce inconsistent results from observer to observer.
Since the power-law response is a channel-wise phenomenon, it makes more sense to estimate gamma separately for each of the 3 channels as described above and shown by FIG. 1. The problem with this approach is that luminance judgments are very difficult to perform for the blue primary. Vision scientists believe that the blue (short-wavelength) sensor response does not contribute to the human visual system's luminance channel. The medium and long wavelength sensors also respond, but to a much lesser extent, to light generated by the blue phosphor of a CRT or other color display device. Hence, relatively large changes to the strength of the blue signal yield small changes in the visual response. The resulting difficulties in the visual task produce large variances in the estimated gamma value for blue.
What is needed is a straight-forward visual method of determining the gamma for the blue primary that is easier to perform and more consistent than the luminance-matching task solution provided by the prior art.
Disclosed in embodiments herein is a method of determining correct color gamma for a display device as driven by three primary signals. The method comprises luminance-matching to determine the respective gamma value for two of the three primary signals and, grey-balancing to determine the respective gamma value for the remaining primary signal of the three primary signals.
Further disclosed in embodiments herein is a method of determining calibration functions for a display device. The method comprises luminance-matching to determine the respective calibration functions for at least two primary signals and, grey-balancing to determine the respective calibration function for at least one additional primary signal, where the grey-balancing employs the respective calibration functions for the at least two primary signals as determined in the luminance-matching step.
Further disclosed in embodiments herein is a visually based method for determining gamma color correction for a display device. This method comprises providing a luminance-matching visual task on the display device and capturing the user selection of a first color indicated by the user as a match in luminance. The gamma for the first color is then calculated using the captured user selection indicated as a match in luminance. Then a grey-balancing visual task for a second color is provided on the display device, which employs the calculated gamma for the first color in the display of the grey-balancing visual task. This is followed by capturing the user selection of the second color indicated by the user as a match in chromaticity, and calculating the gamma for the second color using the user selection indicated as a match in chromaticity.

Visual determination of gamma for softcopy display


An artificial intelligence system includes a first information processing module generating data related to a language based on social data of a first user registered in one or a plurality of social network services, and a second information processing module generating data related to an image based on social data of the first user registered in one or a plurality of social network services. The first information processing module and the second information processing module generate a virtual first user on a computer with respect to the first user.

As the use of social networking services has become widespread, it has become possible for a plurality of users to transmit and share information using devices such as smartphones, tablet terminals and personal computers. As a result, the amount of information that an individual can acquire or transmit has increased, the scope of this increase was significantly expanded. It is easy to share information with ma plurality of people at the same time by operating application software installed in a terminal device. The content of communication can be communicated not only by audio and characters but also by still images and moving images and thus the amount and quality of information is increasing.
These social networking services directly perform communication between people via a computer. On the other hand, the development of robots which resemble the appearance and movement of humans and communicate in natural languages with human beings is progressing (see, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2012-076162). In addition, a technology for generating a virtual pet or an anthropomorphized avatar on a computer and performing communication is disclosed (for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-092540).
However, these communication technologies are uniform and cannot exhibit individuality. In addition, in a conversation between natural persons, for example, although an apple is conceived as a commonly recognized fruit by all people from the text data "apple", upon hearing "apple", user A thinks imagines it is a red apple, and user B imagines it is a green apple, and thus the concepts of everyone do not necessarily match. That is, a virtual communication entity generated by a computer, or an anthropomorphized entity cannot fully demonstrate or reflect the individuality of an individual. For example, although it is possible to generate an avatar (a character that becomes an alter ego of oneself) on a computer, it is not possible to follow the person's individuality or demonstrate its individuality.

Artificial intelligence system for supporting communication


A motor of an electric submersible pump (ESP) is positioned in a wellbore. Measured data is received from one or more sensors. A first deep learning model running on a motor controller of the ESP determines first operating parameters or first operating conditions for the ESP based on the measured data. The motor controller sends the first operating parameters or first operating conditions to a centralized computer system. A second deep learning model running on the centralized computer system determines second operating parameters or second operating conditions associated with the ESP based on the first operating parameters or first operating conditions. The centralized computer system sends the second operating parameters or second operating conditions to the motor controller. The motor controller adjusts operation of the motor of the ESP based on the second operating parameters or second operating conditions.

Electric submersible pumps, also known as ESPs, are typically installed in wellbores to access fluids such as hydrocarbons located underground in a reservoir. The ESP is an efficient and reliable artificial-lift method for lifting moderate to high volumes of fluids from a geologic formation through wellbores to the surface. The ESP is typically coupled to a motor controller having a programmable logic controller (PLC) for controlling operation of the ESP.
Various sensors are positioned throughout the wellbore and surface to measure conditions in the wellbore to facilitate control of the ESP. Outputs of the sensors are sent to a centralized location for analysis by engineering personnel who then make decisions regarding the operation of the ESP. For example, sensors are arranged to detect gas bubbles in the fluid being pumped by the ESP. Upon this detection, engineering personnel would conclude that the gas bubbles reduce efficiency of the ESP and heat transfer from a motor of the ESP to the fluid, increasing chances for the motor to overheat and stop pumping fluid. The engineering personnel mitigates this risk by having the motor controller reduce the speed of the motor to reduce the risk of overheating while the gas bubbles work its way through the ESP. In this regard, the output of the sensors need continual monitoring so that ESP operation can be adjusted to maintain a desired fluid production.
The drawings are for purpose of illustrating example embodiments, but it is understood that the inventions are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings.

Distributed machine learning control of electric submersible pumps


A CMOS-RAM memory is composed of at least one main memory area SF whose memory cells are realized with a seven transistor basic cell (SC) in a gate array arrangement. The memory cells are thereby arranged in a matrix in the main memory area. A word line decoder (WD) lies at one side of the main memory area (SF) of the gate array arrangement in row direction, this word line decoder (WD) containing - per row of memory cells-a decoder sub-circuit (WDT) realized with basic cells for generating a word line signal from address signals. A drive circuit (AST) is arranged between the word line decoder (WD) and the main memory area (SF), the drive circuit (AST) providing - per row of memory cells - a drive sub-circuit (ASTT) for generating a write signal in inverted and non-inverted form from the word line signal and from a selection signal with which the memory cells of a row of memory cells are driven. The write/read circuits realized in basic cells are arranged at another side of the main memory area, the information being capable of being written into the main memory area or, respectively, information being capable of being read out of the main memory area via these write/read circuits. The RAM memory has the advantage that the capacity of the memory on the gate array arrangement can be adapted to the requirements without difficulty.

The invention is directed to a CMOS-RAM memory in a gate array arrangement composed of seven transistor basic cells wherein a memory cell can be realized with a basic cell.
Gate array arrangements are known (for example, Hitachi Review, Vol. 33 (1984) No. 5, Pages 261-266). In such gate array arrangements, regions are provided on a chip in a specific arrangement in which basic cells are realized. The basic cells are composed of n-channel and p-channel transistors that are arranged in the regions in a specific way. A basic cell can be tailored for realizing a basic function by connecting the n-channel and p-channel transistors per basic cell and, for example, it can be given a logical function or a storing function. It derives from Hitachi Review that was cited above that a basic cell can be composed of, for example, ten transistors that are connected such to one another such that a RAM memory cell having an input or two inputs arises. For example, a logic function, for example, a NAND function, can be realized by other connections of the transistors in a basic cell.
The realization of memories having different capacities was heretofore achieved in various ways. Bistable circuits were employed for low-capacity storing structures. These were composed of a plurality of gates and therefore require a relatively great number of basic cells of a gate array for storing an informational unit. High-capacity memories were realized in that a memory block having a defined capacity and designed as a general cell was integrated in the core region of the chip. As a result the capacity of a memory can only be selected in steps of the memory capacity of this general cell. The area reserved for the general cells can thus only be used for the memory, and not for other logical functions.


A bottle suspension device for suspending a bottle upside down to facilitate dispensing of all of the contents of the bottle. The bottle suspension device includes a belt member comprising a first loop portion and a second loop portion. The first loop portion is designed for being positioned around a neck of the bottle. The second loop portion is designed for extending around a body of the bottle. The belt member is designed for selectively engaging a support structure to suspend the bottle from the support structure.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to bottle hangers and more particularly pertains to a new bottle suspension device for suspending a bottle upside down to facilitate dispensing of all of the contents of the bottle.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The use of bottle hangers is known in the prior art. U.S. Pat. No. 4,969,580 describes a device for supporting a bottle in an inverted state from a pipe in a shower stall. Another type of bottle hanger is U.S. Pat. No. 3,366,360 having a harness for being positioned around a bottle so that the bottle is supported in an inverted state. U.S. Pat. No. 5,135,125 has a label that is coupled to an intravenous bottle to identify the contents and allows the bottle to hung in an inverted state.
While these devices fulfill their respective, particular objectives and requirements, the need remains for a device that has certain improved features allowing for the angle of the strap to be changed to accommodate different types of support structures.
The present invention meets the needs presented above by providing the second fastener member being formed into loop so that the second loop portion extends through the loop and allows the second fastener member to be slid around the second loop portion and change the angle of the strap portion.
Still yet another object of the present invention is to provide a new bottle suspension device that is comprised of elastic material to accommodate bottles of varying sizes.
Even still another object of the present invention is to provide a new bottle suspension device that can be used in the kitchen for food dispensing items, while exercising to support a water bottle and in the shower for body cleansing products.
To this end, the present invention generally comprises a belt member comprising a first loop portion and a second loop portion. The first loop portion is designed for being positioned around a neck of the bottle. The second loop portion is designed for extending around a body of the bottle. The belt member is designed for selectively engaging a support structure to suspend the bottle from the support structure.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto.
The objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure.


A method and a device for controlling power of a mobile terminal are provided. The method of controlling power of a mobile terminal includes, activating a low power mode, and applying a predefined setting value for reducing power consumption by limiting some functions of the mobile terminal in the low power mode. Therefore, by providing a low power mode of limiting some functions of the mobile terminal, unnecessary battery consumption can be prevented.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling power of a mobile terminal. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling power of a mobile terminal that can reduce power consumption of a high performance mobile terminal.
2. Description of the Related Art
With rapid technology development, mobile terminals, in addition to an audio dedicated communication function, provide various additional functions such as a character message transmitting and receiving function, an image photographing function, a music reproduction function, a digital broadcasting service function, an Electronic-mail (E-mail) service function, and an instant messenger service function. More particularly, as a multimedia function is becoming more important, a size of the mobile terminal's display unit is increasing. Further, high performance mobile terminals are increasingly being included with an Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED) in which a contrast ratio, a luminance, a viewing angle, a response speed, and color representation are improved, a Wi-Fi module for providing a wireless Internet service, and a Global Positioning System (GPS) module for a position search service. However, a high performance mobile terminal having the above-described various functions has a problem of large power consumption. Accordingly, a method of reducing power consumption in a high performance mobile terminal is desired.
Therefore, a need exists for a method and a device for controlling power of a mobile terminal having a low power mode that can reduce power consumption by limiting some functions of a high performance mobile terminal.

Method and device for controlling power of mobile terminal


Resin systems and methods for making and using same are provided. The resin system can include a first aqueous resin comprising at least two polymerized monomers and a second aqueous resin comprising at least two polymerized monomers. The first aqueous resin can be present in an amount of about 5 wt % to about 95 wt %, based on the total weight the resin system. The second aqueous resin can be present in an amount of about 5 wt % to about 95 wt %, based on the total weight the resin system. The at least two polymerized monomers of the first and second aqueous resins can be the same monomers.

1. Field
Embodiments described herein generally relate to resin systems and methods for making and using same.
2. Description of the Related Art
Adhesives or resins typically used to make lignocellulose composite products, e.g., plywood, include formaldehyde based resins such as phenol-formaldehyde (PF). Recognized drawbacks of conventional phenol-formaldehyde resins can be a slow rate of cure and a tendency for dry out to occur. Additionally, the moisture concentration of the lignocellulose substrates, e.g., veneers, can tend to require the phenol-formaldehyde resin have a particular molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol in order to produce a composite product having desired properties.
Depending, at least in part, on the particular veneers and/or veneer drying process, the optimal molar ratio of the phenol-formaldehyde resin can vary significantly. As such, depending on a particular veneer source and/or drying process the optimal molar ratio of the phenol-formaldehyde resin varies. As such, many phenol-formaldehyde reins with different molar ratios are currently prepared in order to accommodate the varying moisture content of the various veneers. The production of many phenol-formaldehyde resins is costly and time consuming.
There is a need, therefore, for improved resin systems for making composite products.

Resin systems for making composite products


An eccentric for mounting at the distal end of a limb of a compound archery bow includes a step-down take-up ramp which combines the features of the side-by-side and step-down eccentrics of known eccentrics while maintaining vane clearance and avoiding development of twist on the limb. The eccentric is also provided with a cable clamp device permitting adjustment of the draw of the bow and a pivot insert which permits adjustable pivot locations for the eccentric.

1. Field
This invention relates to compound archery bows. It is specifically directed to an improved eccentric wheel for such bows.
2. State of the Art
Compound archery bows have been well known for many years. An early patent descriptive of such bows and their mode of operation is U.S. Pat. 3,486,495. Such bows are generally characterized by "let-off" leveraging devices carried at the distal ends of the limbs. These leveraging devices are usually referred to as wheels or pulleys, although they may take various forms, including some with other than circular cross-sections. They are commonly referred to as "eccentrics," because they characteristically are pivoted around an axle located off center with respect to their perimeters.
The eccentrics carried at the tips of opposite limbs are interconnected by cables and bow string. Although various arrangements are possible, a typical arrangement includes two cables, each of which is anchored at some point on a limb and stretched accross the handle, around at least a portion of the perimeter of the eccentric carried by the opposite limb. The free ends of the cables are fastened to respective opposite ends of a string, sometimes referred to as a "central stretch". Lengths of cable are thus positioned between the string and the handle of the bow. It is important that the string be positioned with respect to the cabling (at least at fired condition), to provide adequate vane clearance. Vane clearance between the string and cables must be sufficient to avoid interference by the cables with an arrow launched by the bow. Such clearance has been provided in various ways. Sometimes, especially when narrow eccentrics are used, structures (cable guards) are carried by the handle or limbs of the bow to hold the cables out away from the plane of the string in the vicinity of the handle. In other instances, wide eccentrics are used, and the cables are located to one side of the eccentrics while the string is located at the other side of the eccentrics so that they are spaced as they cross the handle.
A common problem associated with compound bows (because of the necessity for maintaining vane clearance) is the buildup of torque in the bow limbs as the string is pulled back to full draw position. This torque results from the relatively large buildup of force in the cable system of the bow compared to that of the string. These forces are translated to the axle of the eccentric. They oppose each other in that they are translated to opposite sides of the midpoint of the axis, but they do not balance each other. As a consequence, the axis tends to rotate, thereby tending to twist the bow limb. That is, a bending movement is imparted to the limbs of the bow. A recent innovation has been to provide a spiraled groove on the eccentric so that as the string is pulled to full draw position, and the eccentric pivots, the wound cable migrates across the pulley to near the central location of the string. The force of the cable system is thus applied close to the midpoint of the axle, thereby reducing the bending moment of the limbs at full draw. When an arrow is launched and the string moves towards the handle of the bow, the eccentric pivots back to its static position, and the spiraled groove carries the cable back out to the edge of the pulley.
Eccentrics have been produced in various configurations to achieve certain special characteristics. For example, "side-by-side" pulleys have separate grooves to accommodate the "string" end of the cable and the "take-up" end of the cable. The cable passes through the interior of the pulley to gain access to both grooves. "Side-by-side" pulleys locate the string and cable forces at set distances on opposite sides of the midpoint of the axle. In this way the bending moment at full draw may be fixed within a known limit, while maintaining vane clearance. The limbs may then be strengthened on one side to compensate for the remaining bending moment imparted to the axle at full draw of the bow. This eccentric style develops relatively high speed compared to another popular type, the "step-down" pulley. "Step-down" eccentrics have a "take-up" groove of smaller diameter than the diameter of the string groove. In effect they provide a lower "gear ratio" which reduces the force developed in the cables at full draw. This reduced force effects a correspondingly reduced bending moment at the limb.
Because of the bending moments developed in the limbs at full draw, it has heretofore been necessary to provide different structural members to serve as upper and lower limbs, respectively. If an upper limb were substituted for a lower limb, the structural expedients incorporated to resist the bending moment of the upper limb would be exactly the reverse of what was required for the lower limb.


A process for making an electrophotographic toner comprising:. (a) uniformly mixing a metal oxide selected from titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide with toner particles to form a mixture having 5 to 15 weight percent metal oxide; PA0 (b) mixing the product of step (a) with additional toner particles at a mixing intensity .gtoreq.500,000 (cm/minute) minute;. wherein in the mixed product of (b) the metal oxide is 0.1 to 5.0 weight percent of the mixed product; and the toner particles have on their surfaces a metal oxide concentration in a ratio of 1.0-3.0:1.0 with respect to titanium dioxide on the surface of the toner particles:total titanium dioxide in the mixed product; and a ratio of 10.0-25.0:1.0 with respect to silicon dioxide on the surface of the toner particles:total silicon dioxide in the mixed product.

Digital electrophotographic printing products are being developed for printing high quality text and half tone images. Thus, there is a need to formulate electrophotographic toners and developers that have improved image quality. Surface treatment of toners with fine metal oxide powders, such as fumed silica or titania, results in toner and developer formulations that have improved powder flow properties and reproduce text and half tone dots more uniformly without character voids. See, for example, Schinichi Sata, et al. Study On The Surface Properties Of Polyester Color Toner, IS&T NIP13, 149-152 (1997). The improved powder fluidity of the toner or developer can, however, create unwanted print density in white image areas.
The triboelectric charging level of electrophotographic developers is known to change as prints are made. See, Nash, R. and Muller, R. N. "The effect of Toner and Carrier Composition on the Relationship between Toner Charge to Mass Ratio and Toner Concentration," IS&T NIP 13, 112-120, (1997). This instability in charging level is one of the factors that require active process control systems in electrophotographic printers in order to maintain consistent image density from print to print. Toners with a low triboelectric charge level produce prints with high reflection optical density; toners with a high triboelectric charge level produce prints with a low reflection optical density. A toner with a constant triboelectric charge level would consistently produce prints with the same reflection optical density.
What is needed in the art are toners with more stable triboelectric charge levels which decrease the incidence of dusting (defined below).

Method of making an electrophotographic toner surface treated with metal oxide