A secondary Ethernet-like wireless communication system overlapped by a dominant Ethernet-like wireless communication system, and including radio access and communication for activation, association, and authentication of a wireless device in the secondary Ethernet-like wireless communication system. An automated private service activation (APSA) port is used for accepting access and communication requests of a wireless device seeking activation, association and authentication in the secondary Ethernet-like wireless communication system. The APSA port provides an access and communication channel for radiating signals at a level exceeding a signal level of the access and communication channel only within limited spatial constraints. In addition the APSA port provides space for receiving the wireless device for activation and communication in the secondary Ethernet-like wireless communication system.

A wireless Ethernet associated device typically needs to be activated before it can operate in particular Ethernet-like wireless communication system. Normally this process is required only since subsequent uses of the wireless device in that system is already authorized. Access in different systems is generally only based on agreements between different systems and access to databases to verify the legitimacy of the wireless device operating out of its home territory.
There are a large number of localized and/or private Ethernet-like wireless communication systems which are not part of contractual arrangements and may indeed operate within a territory already covered or overlaid by other carriers including the home carrier of a wireless device seeking use of a localized and/or private wireless system. Such localized and/or private wireless systems operate at low signal levels compared to outdoor macro cell systems. These localized and/or private systems are frequently found within buildings and on campus sites.
Service is granted by means of a Private System Identification (PSID) code entered into each wireless device requesting service from the private/local Ethernet-like wireless communication system. This PSID code is entered into the handset, which is requesting service. This process is cumbersome and time consuming.
There is a need for an automatic setup procedure, in part, is the ability of the wireless device to connect to a secondary Ethernet-like communication system.
At present there is no way of automatically provisioning a wireless device to a secondary wireless communication system in an area radiated by a more powerful dominant wireless communication system.
The present embodiments meet these needs.

Automatic wireless service activation in a private local wireless service


In a method of securing tensile reinforcement elements (7) of a pipeline or a cable to an end termination (18), the end termination is provided with a plurality of locking holes through which the reinforcement elements to be secured are pulled. Insertion of a spreader element into the reinforcement element results in a local cross-sectional increase in the tensile reinforcement. The reinforcement element cannot move freely through the locking hole because of the local cross-sectional increase, thereby achieving mechanical locking.

The invention relates to a termination for securing reinforcement elements from a pipeline or a cable to an end termination.
The invention moreover relates to a use of the end termination.
Usually, flexible reinforced pipes, here called pipelines, of the above-mentioned type comprise an inner liner which forms a barrier to the outflow of the fluid that is transported through the pipe.
The inner liner is wound with one or more reinforcement layers which are not chemically bonded to the inner liner, but can move relatively to it, which ensures the flexibility of the pipeline during laying and in operation.
Externally on the reinforcement layers there is provided an outer sheath with a view to forming a barrier to the inflow of fluids from the surroundings of the pipeline to the reinforcement layers. To prevent collapse of the inner liner, it is frequently lined with a flexible, wound pipe, a so-called carcass.
The above-mentioned type of flexible pipelines is used inter alia for transporting liquids and gases at different water depths.
In particular, they are used in situations where very great or varying water pressures prevail along the longitudinal axis of the pipe. By way of example, mention may be made of riser pipes which extend from the sea bed and up to an installation at or near the surface of the sea.
Additionally, this type of pipelines is used inter alia between installations which are placed on the sea bed at a great depth, or between installations near the surface of the sea.
Some of the reinforcement layers, more particularly those which are used as compressive reinforcement, are frequently constructed such that they comprise profiles of metal. These profiles, when wound at a great angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, will be capable of absorbing radial compressive or tensile stresses that occur because of external or internal pressures in the pipeline. The profiles thus prevent collapse or bursting of the pipeline because of pressure impacts, and are therefore called compressive reinforcement elements.
In contrast, profiles wound at a small angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline, will not be capable of absorbing radial forces of importance, but will be capable of absorbing forces acting along the longitudinal axis of the pipeline. Profiles absorbing forces along the longitudinal axis of the pipeline are made of steel in conventional pipes. If they are made of a fibre-reinforced material, it is possible for the profiles to be composed of a reinforcement element or a plurality of reinforcement elements which are combined to a profile.
Below, the term tensile reinforcement elements will be used for the smallest, homogeneous, macroscopic, load-carrying part of a profile. Thus, a conventional profile will consist precisely of a tensile reinforcement element made of steel. Other more atypical profiles may be composed of a tensile reinforcement element or of a larger number of tensile reinforcement elements which are e.g. kept together as a unit by a polymer matrix.
A problem associated with the use of tensile reinforcement elements is that these must be secured at the ends of the pipeline, more particularly at the end terminations of the pipeline.
According to traditional methods, where the tensile reinforcement elements are made of steel, this attachment is provided by welding the individual reinforcement elements to the end termination.
WO 94/18585 A1 discloses a method of securing a signal-carrying cable to an end termination, said cable being surrounded by one or more tensile reinforcement elements. These elements are moreover surrounded by a cable sheath. The end termination consists of a housing which is characterized in that a locking through hole is provided in it.
Mechanical locking of the cable to the end termination is provided in that a tubular spreader element is moved down around the signal-carrying part of the cable, so that the tensile reinforcement elements and the cable sheath are pressed against the inner side of the locking hole, which results in mechanical locking of reinforcement elements and cable sheath. Subsequently, the remaining free volume is filled with a curing mass, typically thermosetting-plastics. A tensile relief is built in this manner, which operates without a critical mechanical load being applied to the signal-carrying cable.
Now, the object of the present invention is to provide a termination for individually securing relief reinforcement elements, made of an anisotropic, fibre-reinforced material, to an end termination, providing a much stronger attachment than known before.
The object of the invention is achieved in that the end termination is provided with a plurality of locking holes in which the tensile reinforcement elements are locked.
The individual locking holes are characterized in that the locking holes are separatly formed by a single hole with the same or a varying diameter.
It is an advantage if the locking holes separately consist of at least two cylindrical hole sections, where at least one hole section has a larger diameter than another hole section, as the tensile reinforcement elements can hereby be fixed easily.
Expediently, the locking is carried out in that the locking takes place by means of a local cross-sectional increase of the tensile reinforcement elements, which can be performed easily by providing the cross-sectional increase by insertion of a spreader element in to the tensile reinforcement elements.
To increase the strength of the attachment additionally, it is an advantage if the locking hole is filled with a curing mass. This provides the advantage that the locking hole with spreader element and curing mass is particularly suitable as a tension-absorbing unit having a great tension-absorbing capacity.
To improve the production-technical conditions additionally, it is an advantage if the cross-sectional increase is provided in a part of the locking hole which does not have the smallest cross-sectional area.
For some production-technical conditions it may also be an advantage that the cross-sectional increase in the tensile reinforcement element is provided outside the locking hole by means of the spreader element.
In other conditions, it will be more expedient if the cross-sectional increase of the tensile reinforcement element is provided in the locking hole more particularly by mounting in the locking hole a collar of a metal having a ductility that allows deformation of it during assembly and in use of the tensile reinforcement element.
To minimize local mechanical impacts on the reinforcement element where this is in mechanical contact with the locking holes, the collar may be made of a ductile material. If the ductile collar is loaded beyond its yield point, it will be deformed, resulting in a larger engagement face between locking hole and reinforcement element.
Expediently, the locking holes are formed such that the locking holes are positioned in circular arcs which are equidistant relative to the axis of rotational symmetry of the end termination.
Preferably, the spreader element is wedge-shaped. The wedge shape ensures that the tensile reinforcement element in the tension relief is not damaged during assembly and in operation because of too great, local, mechanical stress concentrations.
The invented method and end termination differ from the art of the above-mentioned WO 94/18585 A1 in that according to the WO publication precisely one spreader element is used for securing all reinforcement elements, whereas more spreader elements are used according to the invention.
The invented method and end termination moreover differ from WO 94/18585 A1 in that the locking is provided by a local increase in the cross-sectional area of the individual reinforcement elements.
Expedient embodiments of the end termination are also defined.
As mentioned, the invention also relates to uses of the method and the end termination.
These uses are defined in claims 18 and 19.
It is noted that precisely in connection with pipelines for the transport of fluids it is of utmost importance that the mechanical structure is extremely reliable, since the impacts on such pipelines may be very great. Especially for environmental reasons, leakages because of ruptures of such pipelines cannot be tolerated.

Method of securing reinforcement wires to an end termination of a pipeline or a cable, an end termination, and uses of the method and the end termination


A device has a unit acquires photograph images taken by a first and a second camera; a unit sets correspondences between positions in a first photograph image, in a first display image, in a second photograph image, and in a second display image on the basis of a first photographic line-of-sight from the first camera, a line-of-sight in the first display image based on the first photograph image, a second photographic line-of-sight from the second camera, and a line-of-sight in the second display image based on the second photograph image; and a unit generates the first display image based on correspondence with the first photograph image, generates a third display image by interpolating between the first display image and the second display image based on correspondence with the first photograph image or the second photograph image, and generates the second display image based on correspondence with the second photograph image.

In order for a driver of a vehicle to visually check the surrounding environment of the vehicle, there is a system in which an on-vehicle apparatus converts on-vehicle camera images, which are images taken by a plurality of on-vehicle cameras, to overlooking images and synthesizes and displays the overlooking images to allow the driver to objectively and intuitively grasp the circumstances of the vehicle. To expand the system, there is, for example, an image generating apparatus that maps color information of the on-vehicle camera images in a three-dimensional space model and that displays the model by converting the model to an image viewed from an arbitrary viewpoint (for example, see Patent Document 1). The use of the image generating apparatus has an advantage that images that allow simultaneously viewing all surrounding images including the sky can be generated in addition to the overlooking images looking down on the vehicle of the driver.
Meanwhile, depending on the driving scene, not all circumstances of the vehicle of the driver can be checked based only on the on-vehicle camera images mounted on the vehicle of the driver and the images generated by converting the on-vehicle camera images. For example, when the driver waits for a right turn at an intersection of a plurality of lanes, the line-of-sight is blocked by a right-turn waiting vehicle of the opposite lane. The driver may not be able to see an opposing through-traffic vehicle passing through the side of the right-turn waiting vehicle, and the on-vehicle cameras of the vehicle of the driver may not be able to image the opposing through-traffic vehicle. In view of the situations, there is an attempt examined in Driving Safety Support Systems (DSSS), and so on, based on road-vehicle cooperation, in which, for example, a video of an infrastructure camera installed at an intersection, and so on, is wirelessly transmitted to a vehicle to display the video received by the vehicle to allow the driver to visually check the blind spot.
The video taken outside the vehicle of the driver is usually not processed and is displayed by utilizing an on-vehicle monitor.
There is also a technique of video texture in computer graphics (CG) (for example, see Non Patent Document 1, Non Patent Document 2).    Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3286306    Non Patent Document 1: OpenGL Architecture Review Board, "OpenGL Programming Guide", Pearson Education    Non Patent Document 2: OpenGL Architecture Review Board, "OpenGL Reference Manual", Pearson Education

Image processing apparatus, medium recording image processing program, and image processing method


A circular VTOL aircraft with a central vertically mounted turboprop engine 14, driving contra-rotating co-axial propellers 24, above a central jet engine (or engines) 12, horizontally mounted on a turntable pod 11 which is steerable through 360 degrees. The turboprop provides vertical thrust from contra-rotating propellers compressing air from an upper circular intake 5 downward through a circular shaped rotor-chamber 6 to a circular vent 10 at the base of the craft. The resulting column of compressed air supports the craft during take-off and landing operations and provides a cushion of air in normal flight. The horizontally mounted jet turbine provides main thrust for horizontal flight and vectored thrust for VTOL. The passenger cabin 21 is circular and is situated in the main body of the disc-shaped craft. Fuel tanks are situated around the circumference of the craft to maximise fuel capacity. The flight-deck 2 is situated at the top centre of the craft, above the engine unit 15, which is detachable.

The development of computerized distribution information systems, such as the Internet, allows users to link with servers and networks, and thus retrieve vast amounts of electronic information that was previously unavailable using conventional electronic media.
Users may be linked to the Internet through a hypertext based service commonly referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW). (The WWW may also be used in a broader sense to refer to the whole constellation of resources that can be accessed using one or more of the protocols that embody the TCP/IP suite, described further below.) With the World Wide Web, an entity may register a "domain name" correlated with an electronic address (referred to an IP address) representing a logical node on the Internet and may create a "web page" or "page" that can provide information and some degree of interactivity.
The Internet is based upon a suite of communication protocols known as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) which sends packets of data between a host machine, such as a server computer on the Internet commonly referred to as web server, and a client machine, such as user's computer connected to the Internet. The WWW communications may typically use the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) which is supported by the TCP/IP transmission protocols, however, file transfer and other services via the WWW may use other communication protocols, for example the File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
A computer user may "browse", i.e., navigate around, the WWW by utilizing a suitable web browser, e.g., Netscape™, Internet Explorer™, and a network gateway, e.g., Internet Service Provider (ISP). A web browser allows the user to specify or search for a web page on the WWW and subsequently retrieve and display web pages on the user's computer screen. Such web browsers are typically installed on personal computers or workstations to provide web client services, but increasingly may be found on other wired devices, for example personal digital assistants (PDA) or wireless devices such as cell phones.
As noted above, transactions between Web client and server may be dynamic and may be interactive. A user of a Web client may, for example, request information from the Web server, such as, by way of example, a stock quotation (which is typically dynamic, that is changes over time), or product information (which may be static information maintained in a database by the provider of the Web server). The request message may be communicated to the server in accordance with HTTP, and may additionally, be encapsulated in accordance with an information exchange protocol. One such open-architecture protocol is the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), which is a protocol for the exchange of information in a distributed environment. (A specification for SOAP 1.1 may be found in World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Note 8 May 2000, copyright 2000, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.) SOAP is an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) based protocol, whereby the SOAP message may be encoded using XML. (A markup language is a mechanism to identify structures in a document, and an extensible markup language constitutes a meta-language for defining particular markup languages. XML is a particular extensible markup language, having, as recognized by those in the art, an open specification. Another example is the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). Another, non-extensible, markup language is the Hyptertext Markup Language (HTML).) Note that a request message may include a remote procedure call (RPC) whereby a server-side application procedure may be invoked to service the request. That is, the message may be an interapplication communication. SOAP messages may be carried in HTTP, that is, may be embedded in an HTTP request. Hence, the SOAP provides a mechanism for carrying RPCs via HTTP. The response to the request may be returned to the client via an HTTP response carrying a SOAP message encapsulating the response encoded as an XML text stream.
Thus, transactions between a client and server may include a sequence of messages each of which may constitute a stream of characters in which the characters are defined in accordance with a markup language specification. Each character stream may be parsed into elements constituting the message in accordance with the message encapsulation protocol, such as the SOAP. The parser determines if the characters in the stream are valid characters as defined in the markup language specification. Each character may be represented in accordance with the markup language specification by an n-bit value, however not all n-bit values need necessarily represent a character within the specification of a particular markup language. For example, in XML, characters are represented by sixteen-bit values, however, not all such values correspond to valid characters in the XML specification. Typically, parsers validate characters by applying a set of "IF-THEN" rules. However, applying such a rule set, which may be complex, to validate each character may consume significant data processing resources. Consequently, there is a need in the art for systems and methods for parsing character streams that reduce the consumption of processor resources, particularly processing cycles.

System for character validation and method therefor

International Business Machines Corporation


The present invention aims to provide an interlayer film for a laminated glass which includes two or more resin layers laminated together and which has excellent deaeration properties in the manufacturing process of a laminated glass and prevents ghosting. The present invention also aims to provide a laminated glass comprising the interlayer film for a laminated glass. The present invention relates to an interlayer film for a laminated glass which includes two or more resin layers laminated together and has many minute recesses and many minute protrusions on at least one surface thereof. The recesses have a groove shape with a continuous bottom. The recesses are formed in a regular manner, and recesses adjacent to each other being parallel. Recesses adjacent to each other are spaced less than 750 μm.

A laminated glass made up of two glass plates with an interlayer film of plasticized polyvinyl butyral therebetween, all bonded together, has been widely used as window glass of automobiles, aircraft, architectures, and the like.
Interlayer films for a laminated glass may include a single resin layer, or may include a laminate of two or more resin layers. If an interlayer film includes, as the two or more resin layers, a first resin layer and a second resin layer which have different characteristics, the interlayer film can provide various properties that are difficult to achieve with interlayer films of a single layer.
For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses an interlayer film for a laminated glass including a sound insulating layer and two protective layers sandwiching the sound insulating layer. The sound insulating layer of the interlayer film for a laminated glass of Patent Literature 1 contains a polyvinyl acetal resin highly compatible with plasticizer and a large amount of plasticizer, thus providing excellent sound insulating properties. The protective layers, which sandwich the sound insulating layer, prevent the large amount of plasticizer in the sound insulating layer from bleeding out, thus preventing reduction of adhesion between the interlayer film and glass.
However, a laminated glass with such an interlayer film including a laminate of two or more resin layers may unfortunately cause ghost images when external rays of light are viewed through the glass. Such ghosting is pronounced especially in interlayer films for a laminated glass having excellent sound insulating properties, such as that of Patent Literature 1.

Intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass


A surgical instrument includes a housing, a shaft extending from the housing, and end effector, a drive plate, and a knife member. The shaft defines a rectangular configuration. The end effector includes first and second jaw members coupled to one another via a pivot pin extending between long sides of the shaft and movable about the pivot pin between spaced-apart and approximated positions. The drive plate is configured such that translation of the drive plate through the shaft and relative to the end effector assembly pivots the jaw members. The drive plate defines surfaces that are parallel to the long sides of the shaft. The knife member is configured to translate through the shaft and relative to the end effector assembly between retracted and extended positions. The knife member defines surfaces that are parallel to the surfaces of the drive plate and the long sides of the shaft.

Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to surgical instruments and methods and, more particularly, to surgical instrument and methods for performing tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and other surgical procedures.
Background of Related Art
The tonsils and adenoids are part of the lymphatic system and are generally located in the back of the throat. These parts of the lymphatic system are generally used for sampling bacteria and viruses entering the body and activating the immune system when warranted to produce antibodies to fight oncoming infections. More particularly, the tonsils and adenoids break down the bacteria or virus and send pieces of the bacteria or virus to the immune system to produce antibodies for fighting off infections.
Inflammation of the tonsils and adenoids (e.g., tonsillitis) impedes the ability of the tonsils and adenoids to destroy the bacteria resulting in a bacterial infection. In many instances, the bacteria remain even after treatment and serve as a reservoir for repeated infections (e.g., tonsillitis or ear infections).
A tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy may be performed when infections persist and antibiotic treatments fail. Persistent infection typically leads to enlarged tonsil tissue which may need to be removed since in many cases the enlarged tissue causes airway obstruction leading to various sleep disorders such as snoring or, in some cases, sleep apnea. Some individuals are also born with larger tonsils that are more prone to cause obstruction. An adenoidectomy may also be required to remove adenoid tissue when ear pain persists, or when nose breathing or function of the Eustachian tube is impaired. Often times, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy procedures are performed at the same time.

Surgical instruments and methods for performing tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and other surgical procedures


A task scheduling method comprises the steps of: in response to the reception of a request for processing a plurality of task sets, creating a current to-be-scheduled task queue in a task processing system based on priorities of the plurality of task sets and tasks in the plurality of task sets, where a plurality of to-be-scheduled tasks in the current to-be-scheduled task queue are scheduled in the same round of scheduling; allocating computing resources used for scheduling the plurality of to-be-scheduled tasks; and enabling the plurality of to-be-scheduled tasks in the current to-be-scheduled task queue to be scheduled by using the computing resources. In this manner, a plurality of tasks with different priorities and quotas can be scheduled according to SLA levels of users, and the efficiency and flexibility of parallel services of cloud computing deep learning models are improved by using a run-time load-balancing scheduling solution.

In a parallel allocation solution, deep learning (DL) models are scheduled based on resource requirements of tasks from users and available resources of special-purpose processing units. The solution can schedule parallel tasks in a manner of correctly keeping a dependence relationship between tasks, and at the same time can utilize current available resources to the greatest extent.
By means of the foregoing solution, a task set of a single user can be scheduled in parallel. However, to implement DL models in parallel in a cloud computing service as "X-as-a-Service" (XaaS), the allocation of different service-level allocation (SLA) levels to a plurality of users is the most fundamental function. In addition, for computing resources required for tasks from a plurality of users, load balancing of available resources in a task processing system is also a problem worthy of consideration.

Method,electronic device and computer program product for scheduling computer resources in a task processing environment


A ratchet wrench includes a driving head having an inner peripheral gear, a wheel rotatably engaged in the driving head and having two openings formed in the outer peripheral portion. Two pawls are received in the openings of the wheel and each has a number of outer teeth for engaging with the inner peripheral gear of the driving head, and each has one end for being biased to engage into the end portions of the openings of the wheel by two springs, for greatly increasing the driving torque of the driving head to the wheel. The wheel has an engaging hole for receiving fasteners.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a ratchet wrench, and more particularly to a ratchet wrench having a simplified pawl biasing device.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Various kinds of typical ratchet wrenches have been developed and used today. U.S. Pat. No. 4,063,626 to Solomon, U.S. Pat. No. 4,762,033 to Chow, U.S. Pat. No. 5,916,339 to Dumont, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,205,891 to Huang et al. disclose four of the typical ratchet wrenches and each includes a driving stud provided on one end for fastener driving purposes. The driving head may not be disposed up-side-down such that a driving direction control device is further required to be engaged into the driving head and the handle for controlling or switching the operational directions of the driving stud.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,044,731 to Hsieh, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,220,123 to Chen disclose the other typical ratchet wrenches each including a ratchet wheel having an engaging hole provided therein for receiving fasteners. However, a single pawl is disposed in a cavity formed in the driving head and engaged with the ratchet wheel for controlling or switching the operational directions of the driving head. The formation of the cavity in the driving head may greatly decrease the strength of the driving head. In addition, the engagement of the single pawl with the ratchet wheel and the driving head is weak, such that the driving torque of the driving head against the ratchet wheel may not be increased or maintained.
The present invention has arisen to mitigate and/or obviate the afore-described disadvantages of the conventional ratchet wrenches.
The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a ratchet wrench including a simplified pawl biasing device for effectively actuating and operating the pawl.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, there is provided a ratchet wrench comprising a driving head including a chamber formed therein, and including an inner peripheral gear provided therein, and including an upper and a lower peripheral shoulders formed therein. A wheel is rotatably engaged in the chamber of the driving head, and includes a barrel having an engaging hole formed therein for receiving an object to be driven by the ratchet wrench, and includes an outer peripheral portion having a pair of opposite openings formed therein. The openings of the wheel each includes an end portion. The wheel includes a first end having a peripheral flange extended radially outward therefrom for engaging with the lower peripheral shoulder of the driving head and for rotatably securing the wheel to the driving head. The wheel including a second end having a peripheral fence extended upwardly from the barrel, the peripheral fence includes an outer diameter smaller than that of the barrel for forming a peripheral shoulder between the barrel and the fence, the peripheral fence of the wheel includes an outer peripheral portion having an outer peripheral groove formed therein. The wheel includes two orifices formed in the second end thereof and offset from the openings thereof. A first and a second pawls are received in the openings of the wheel respectively, and each includes an upper portion having an aperture formed therein, and each includes an outer peripheral portion having a plurality of teeth formed thereon for engaging with the inner peripheral gear of the driving head, and each includes a first end for engaging into the end portions of the openings of the wheel respectively. A first and a second spring biasing members are received in the peripheral shoulder formed between the barrel and the fence, and each includes a first end engaged into the apertures of the first and the second pawls respectively, and each includes a second end engaged into the orifices of the wheel respectively, for biasing the first ends of the first and the second pawls into the end portions of the openings of the wheel respectively, and to determine a driving direction of the driving head to the wheel. A clamping ring is engaged into the upper peripheral shoulder of the wheel, and includes a bore formed therein for receiving the peripheral fence of the wheel, and includes a peripheral rib extended into the bore thereof for engaging into the peripheral groove of the peripheral fence and for rotatably securing the wheel to the driving head.
The engagement of the two pawls in the end portions of the openings of the wheel may increase the driving torque of the driving head to the wheel. In addition, the outer peripheral teeth of of the pawls may also be engaged with the inner peripheral gear of the driving head, such that the wheel may be solidly rotated and driven by the driving head with a greatly increased driving torque.
Further objectives and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from a careful reading of a detailed description provided hereinbelow, with appropriate reference to accompanying drawings.

Ratchet wrench having a simplified pawl biasing device


A Planar Inverted-F Wing Antenna (PIFWA) device, system, and method used for commercial and residential induction cooking tops, ovens, combo-steamers, and pressure cookers. The outline of the PIFWA is an isosceles triangle with a truncated vertex end opposite the base side. The PIFWA transmits and receives (TX/RX) signals with wireless sensors including Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) devices. The antenna comprises a device, system, and method to monitor the cooking process and temperature of food. Embodiments of the PIFWA antenna operate at about 433 MHz, have a feed between two slots, and a shorting plate at the opposing end. Antenna location and alignment within the culinary appliance provides uniform signal strength and gain performance in the regions occupied by one or more sensors.

Cooking unit parameter measurement (such as temperature measurement) is a difficult environment. For example, significant heat is present, there are sanitary requirements, and there are important safety demands. Reliable, accurate, and convenient operation is needed. Wired probes exist, but they are not convenient; the cables can be damaged or cut. Wireless probe systems can be complex, expensive, and unreliable. The transmit/receive frequencies employed interact with the metals of appliances to make reliable measurement very difficult. Where antenna signal strength patterns are not smooth, but notched, the link budget for probes can be too restrictive for reliable, accurate, operation. A probe placed in a low signal strength area proximate an appliance may fail to provide any signal. Considerations include power flux density, field strength, phase, polarization, and near-field effects. Missing probe signals can produce erroneous measurement values, leading to poor cooking results. Poor cooking, such as undercooking, can lead to serious illness.
Antennas, the ground plane environment, and materials must all be considered to produce results acceptable for wireless operation. The ground plane of the antenna plays a significant role in its operation. For example, if the ground plane is much larger than λ/2, radiation patterns will become increasingly multilobed. Alternatively, if the ground plane is significantly smaller than λ/2, tuning becomes increasingly difficult, and overall performance degrades. Additionally, ground surface waves can produce spurious radiation, or couple energy at discontinuities, leading to distortions in the main pattern, or unwanted loss of power.
What is needed is an antenna device and wireless transmit/receive system for communication between at least one wireless sensor and a culinary appliance to monitor the cooking process including temperature of food that provides uniform signal strength and gain performance in the near-field regions occupied by the sensor(s).

Planar inverted-F wing antenna for wireless culinary appliances

MICROSEMI CORP.—HIGH PERFORMANCE TESTING


A gauge assembly that is utilized for wired-pipe telemetry, has been developed where the gauge assembly includes: a trigger, a push rod, wherein the rod is operatively coupled with the trigger, a bearing housing assembly, wherein the bearing housing assembly is operatively coupled with the push rod, an indicator, wherein the indicator is operatively coupled with the push rod, a base plate assembly, and a sensor device, stylus or combination thereof that is both operatively coupled with the push rod and the indicator. Methods of use are also disclosed.

Machinery, pipes and parts used in the oil and gas industry are designed and built for precision. Despite the fact that these rigs are the size of small cities and that the extraction pipes can be miles long, some of the connections need to be precise down to the tenths or hundredths of inches. In addition, as these parts and systems become more complicated, tighter tolerances are demanded.
One of these areas of complication is wired-pipe telemetry, which is basically coupling data transmissions and "communication" between the various deep-level systems and the surface. Many of these systems rely on the ability to have precise tolerances and stability. To this end, it is important to develop devices and gauges that assist in that goal.
FIG. 1 graphically outlines the concept of wired-pipe telemetry. As mentioned, it is imperative that measurements are precise and accurate in conditions that may be challenging. The wired pipe 110 is shown extending from an oil rig 120, in this Figure, where the wired pipe has a Repeater every 500 m 130, and utilizes inductive coupling 140. The connection between the BNA subnet and the wired pipe is also shown 150. Data acquisition 170 is performed from the top-drive or elevator 160.
Therefore, it would be ideal to a) develop a gauge that will be suitable for wired-pipe telemetry applications in any field, b) provide versatility in contemplated gauges in order to measure at least one, and in many instances more, depths, diameters and internal measurements, and c) develop a gauge that is reliable over many uses and in different environmental conditions.

Gauge for use in wired-pipe telemetry applications


A method for forming a prearranged rupture portion for an air bag door including the steps of setting an instrument panel on a fixing jig, and, then measuring, prior to forming grooves that make a prearranged rupture portion, the position of the back surface of a substrate of the instrument panel by a measuring device. When forming the first groove, the depth of the first groove formed by a working device is controlled with reference to a preset position of the set surface of the fixing jig, and when forming the second groove by the working device, correction is made depending on the position of the back surface of the substrate measured by the measuring device, and the depth of the second groove formed by the working device is controlled based on this corrected data

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for forming a prearranged rupture portion for an air bag door in a vehicle interior member composed of a substrate and layered materials that cover a surface of the substrate and more particularly to a method for forming a prearranged rupture portion for an air bag door in a vehicle interior member that has a prearranged rupture portion defined by grooves formed on a back surface of the vehicle interior member.
2. Background Art
As shown in FIG. 5, an air bag device 14 is generally disposed on the backside of an instrument panel that is in front of the passenger seat of a vehicle. More specifically, an air bag door 12 of the air bag device 14 is provided on an instrument panel 10, and, when the air bag device 14 is activated, the air bag door 12 is ruptured along the prearranged rupture portion 16 to be opened, allowing an air bag 15 to be inflated and blown out toward the cabin of the vehicle. The prearranged rupture potion 16 of the air bag door 12 is a portion which is weakened by providing a groove 18 with a predetermined depth on the back surface of a substrate 20 that constitutes the instrument panel 10. Accordingly, the prearranged rupture portion 16 does not appear nor visible on the surface of the instrument panel 10.
The prearranged rupture portion 16 is required to be ruptured quickly and surely when the air bag device 14 is activated. On the other hand, the air bag door 12, in a state before the air bag device 14 is activated, forms a part of the instrument panel 10, and the prearranged rupture portion 16 is required to have a structural strength of such an extent that it does not cause unintended rupture or deformation. The ease of rupture and strength of the prearranged rupture portion 16 are defined by the size of thickness of the substrate 20 after the formation of the groove 18, i.e., the thickness of the rest of the substrate (hereinafter, referred to as "remaining thickness"). Further, in order to keep the balance between the ease of rupture and the strength of the prearranged rupture portion 16, it is required to precisely manage the remaining thickness of the substrate.
Examples of the method of forming the prearranged rupture portion 16 include a method of cutting to form a groove 18 with a predetermined depth from the back surface side of the substrate 20 after the molding of the substrate 20 into a desired shape. In this method, the prearranged rupture portion 16 is formed by cutting to form the groove 18 with a predetermined depth in the substrate 20 placed and fixed on a fixing jig, while moving a cutting blade such as an end mill in a predetermined direction. In this case, the remaining thickness is managed by controlling the position of the cutting blade relative to the set surface of the fixing jig by way of referring to positional data adapted to the set surface of the fixing jig formed so as to conform in to the shape of the surface of the substrate 20.
Generally, the surface of the substrate 20 of the instrument panel 10 is, as seen from FIG. 5, covered by a foamed layer 22 and a surface skin 24 (see, e.g., Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) No. 2008-290643). The prearranged rupture portion 16 of the air bag door 12 of this art is constituted from the groove 18, which is not perforating the substrate 20, and a groove (not shown), which is perforating through the substrate 20 and the foamed layer 22 to reach the surface skin 24. Since the surface skin 24 is generally softer than the substrate 20, the influence of the groove is likely to appear on the surface of the surface skin 24. Thus, the quality of the appearance is largely affected by the remaining thickness of the surface skin. In other words, with respect to the prearranged rupture portion 16 of the air bag door 12 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) No. 2008-290643, it is necessary to precisely manage each of the remaining thickness of the substrate and the remaining thickness of the surface skin.
The instrument panel 10 in a layered structure as described above has a disadvantage that the thickness of the foamed layer 22 is likely to vary compared with the thickness of the substrate 20. Accordingly, when the foamed layer 22 and the surface skin 24 are formed into a layered structure, errors in the thickness can accumulate, causing the precision of the thickness to be lowered compared with an instrument panel in which the substrate 20 has a single-layered structure. Further, in a method of cutting to form the groove 18 only in the substrate 20 with reference to the set surface of a fixing jig, if the sizes of thickness of the foamed layer 22 and the surface skin 24 are smaller than the designed sizes, then the remaining thickness of the substrate becomes larger. In addition, if the sizes of thickness of the foamed layer 22 and the surface skin are larger than the designed sizes then the remaining thickness of the substrate becomes smaller. Accordingly, it is not possible to precisely manage the remaining thickness of the substrate.

Method for forming prearranged rupture portion for air bag door


Provided in one embodiment is a method of selective microstructural transformation, comprising: providing a part comprising a bulk amorphous alloy; heating selectively a portion of the part to a first temperature such that at least some of the portion is transformed into a crystalline phase; and processing the transformed portion.

Over the last two decades, amorphous alloys, or metallic glasses, have received increasing attention because of their unique characteristics, such as high strength, high specific strength, large elastic strain limit, excellent wear and corrosion resistance, along with other remarkable engineering properties. Because of the promise shown by these materials, researchers have designed a multitude of multi-component systems that form amorphous glassy alloys, among which Zr-based bulk metallic glasses ("BMGs") have been utilized commercially to produce a variety of items, including, for example, sporting goods, electronic casings, and medical devices.
However, the same high hardness, high corrosion resistance, and high fracture resistance are properties that make this class of materials desirable can also make the post-fabrication processing of these materials difficult. For example, because BMG are highly resistant to chemical corrosion, a strong, very corrosive etchant would be needed for etching. Likewise, because metallic glasses have very high hardness and strength, more energy would be needed to process mechanically the metallic glasses, such as, for example, polishing, grinding, and punching a hole. This issue can become particularly challenging when only a small portion of a part made of a metallic glass is to be processed (e.g., machined). Namely, while one might want to weaken the small portion of the metallic glass part to facilitate processing, one would not want to alter the part as a whole to sacrifice the desired properties of the metallic glass.
Thus, a need exists to selectively create regions on a metallic glass part with a different property than the remainder of the part, so that the localized difference in material property can facilitate the processing of the part.

Selective crystallization of bulk amorphous alloy


A ball or half-ball valve with drain-proof mechanism comprises a body; inner side of the body being formed as a chamber and a through hole communicated to the chamber; an annular seat received in an annular trench of a wall of the through hole; a drain-proof unit; a valve unit installed to the inner side of the annular seat; the valve unit having an axial hole for receiving the stem; and a cover having a size corresponding to that of the through hole of the body; the cover being locked to an outer side of the through hole. The drain-proof unit has three different structures. The elements of the structures are replaceable with each other for being installed to the valve. Each mode is suitable for different environments. In the present invention, the cover can be detached easily for repairing or maintaining the elements therein. It is easy and convenient.

The prior art ball valve has a body; inner side of the body is formed as an approximate round chamber therein and a through hole communicated to the chamber. A top of the body is formed with an upper penetrating hole and a bottom thereof is a lower penetrating hole. A stem passes through the upper penetrating hole to the chamber. A valve unit is installed to the inner side of body. The opening and closing of the valve unit will control the flow to pass through the valve unit. The valve unit is a ball valve or a half-ball valve. The valve unit has an axial hole for receiving the stem. A cover has a size corresponding to that of the through hole. One side of the cover is formed with a plurality of screw holes so that the cover can be screwed to outer side of the through hole by using screws to lock the cover and the body.
However the prior art ball valve or half-ball valve is easy to make the annular seat or the stem to be destroyed or inclined, and thus the valve will over-used so as to induce drainage of flow at two sides of the valve unit.

Ball or half-ball valve with drain-proof mechanism


A control system having improved maintainability and operability is provided. To this end, in a control system comprising a plurality of field devices distributed in equipment and a controlling input/output device, and a host controller connected to the plurality of field devices via a transmission line and controlling the field devices, the field devices and the host controller constituting a network in the equipment for control of the equipment, the control system further comprises a plurality of connectors for connecting the plurality of field devices to the transmission line, the connectors having network IDs representing respective connected positions to the network, and a node address creating unit for generating node addresses based on the network IDs.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a control system comprising a controller and field devices distributed in equipment, which are interconnected via a transmission line so as to construct a network.
2. Description of the Related Art
In equipment represented by manufacturing apparatus and inspecting apparatus used in the field of semiconductor production, analyzing apparatus and automation apparatus used in the field of medical service, etc., it has been conventional that an equipment controller board for controlling the entire equipment and I/O boards are both arranged in a single rack, and an equipment controller controls input means, such as sensors, and output means, such as motors and valves, in a centralized manner. Also, the input/output means, such as motors, valves and sensors, in the equipment are connected to the I/O boards in the rack in one-to-one relation by wiring of special cables. The equipment controller then controls the input/output means via the I/O boards individually. In such a conventional arrangement, therefore, the input/output means cannot be controlled without the equipment controller.
Recently, field devices incorporating microprocessors therein have been developed and put into practice with an improvement of the semiconductor integrated circuit technology. Input/output means, such as motors, valves and sensors, are connected to the field devices, which are made intelligent to be able to control the input/output means by the incorporated microprocessors. Thus, the field devices take over a portion of the measuring and control functions that have so far been performed by an equipment controller. According to one proposal, a transmission line interconnects an equipment controller and a plurality of field devices such that these field devices are connected to the same transmission line in multi-drop fashion. The equipment controller and the field devices construct a system in which two-way communication is carried out via a network using digital signals, whereby the amount of wiring required in equipment is cut down.
In a field network, generally, each field device performs its own operation corresponding to a position at which the field device is connected to the network, and even the field devices having the same function perform different operations from each other depending on their connected positions. By way of example, in a transporting apparatus comprising a first belt conveyor driven by a first motor and a second belt conveyor driven by a second motor, the transport distance of the first belt conveyor is 10 cm and the transport distance of the second belt conveyor is 20 cm. The first motor is controlled by a first field device, and the second motor is controlled by a second field device. Also conventionally, to uniquely define the first and second field devices connected to the transmission line, a specific ID is assigned to each field device.
In a conventional control system using field devices, however, the following problem arises when a failure or any other trouble occurs. For checking the operation of the field devices and the input/output means including a failed one, it is often tried in such a case to attach another normally operating field device to the system instead of the existing one. Because of the field devices having different IDs, however, the attached field device must be set again to the ID corresponding to the connected position, and hence maintainability is poor when the work of checking the operation is performed upon the occurrence of a failure. A similar problem also arises in assembly. When only one field device is usable and employed to check the operation of the field device and the input/output means by attaching it to the system at different positions in turn, the attached field device must be set again to the ID corresponding to the connected position, and therefore maintainability is also poor in the work of checking the operation during assembly.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a control system having improved maintainability and operability.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control system comprising a plurality of field devices distributed in equipment and controlling input/output means, and a host controller connected to the plurality of field devices via a transmission line and controlling the field devices, the field devices and the host controller constructing a network in the equipment for control of the equipment, wherein the control system further comprises a plurality of connectors for connecting the plurality of field devices to the transmission line, the connectors having network IDs representing respective connected positions to the network, and a node address creating unit for generating node addresses based on the network IDs.
With those features, since the field devices of the same type can be employed in the network in a replaceable manner, the operation can be checked using the field device, which is normally operating, in adjustment work or in the event of a system failure. As a result, maintainability and operability of the control system are improved.

Control system including controller and field devices


Pumping system for pumping fluids at low pressure comprising a pumping enclosure connected to a pipe 16 introducing the fluid to be pumped and a pipe 18 discharging the pumped fluid.. The enclosure is connected to a pipe introducing a drive fluid and a reducer (P1, P2) of the drive fluid pressure transmitted to the pumped fluid.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a hydraulic pumping system particularly for pumping fluids at low pressure and in particular for pumping petroleum fluids at the bottom of a well.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Various methods and devices are used in the field of hydrocarbon production for pumping low-pressure fluids.
Classical hydraulic pumping by jet or piston type bottom-hole pumps requires, for example:
either lifting the drive fluid mixed with the product through the annular gap between the casing and the tubing, or through the central tubing, depending on the method of hydraulic circulation chosen. The drive fluid is, for example, the water in the deposit or a degassed, processed crude that may contain additives and/or solvents, avoiding problems of fouling, emulsion, or rusting. One of the drawbacks of this method is that the mixture of drive liquid and product fluid can lead to cross-pollution of these two fluids. This option demands a voluminous and expensive processing facility at the surface to filter and recycle the drive fluid; PA1 or using a well completion with an extra tubing for lifting the expanded drive fluid, which is an expensive and complex option when reduced to practice. PA1 .rho..sub.M is the density of the drive fluid, PA1 g represents the local gravity constant (approximately 9.8 m/s.sup.2) PA1 h is the pump depth PA1 P.sub.suc is the suction pressure of the fluid in the deposit, PA1 S is the section of the bottom-hole hydraulic pump piston. PA1 the first part or drive part has the pressure-reducer and can be provided with means for introducing drive fluid, with the drive fluid also playing the role of buffer fluid, PA1 the second part has for example a means playing the role of a piston and defining two variable-size chambers, one of the chambers being in communication with the pumped fluid introduction and a discharge and the other communicating with the drive fluid introduction pipe. PA1 the system is simple to build and operate, PA1 the check valves can advantageously be disposed at the upper part of the pump to favor initial expulsion of the free gas in the discharge phase of the pump, which improves pumping efficiency, PA1 the dead volumes at the intake can be minimized, PA1 since the risk of injecting substantial amounts of drive liquid into the deposit in the pumping phase is reduced, it is possible to dispense with a valve of the standing valve type normally used in classical hydraulic pumping, PA1 the assembly comprised of the pressure reducer and the bottom-hole pump can be installed in various ways, for example by suspending it from a coil tubing paid out from the surface, or by lowering it from an enclosure at the surface to the bottom simply by gravity inside a tubing of sufficient diameter, according to the technique of free hydraulic pumps. PA1 since the seals of the double jack and the pump are in contact with the drive liquid itself, the lifetime of the system is improved, PA1 the mechanical forces applied to the pump are minimized because the two pump chambers containing the drive liquid and the product are almost at the same pressures in the discharge phase and in the suction phase, PA1 it is not necessary to align the pump exactly coaxially in the double jack, which facilitates setting up the system, for example in the event of poor-quality completion.
The present invention injects and recovers the drive fluid through one and the same pipe, alternating the drive fluid injection and removal phases in regular cycles. Using two different bottom/surface hydraulic links for the drive fluid and the pumped fluid prevents mixing of the drive fluid and product fluid during the pumping operation.
To implement the suction phase of the bottom-hole pump, the pressure generated at the bottom by the drive fluid is reduced so that it is below the well pressure at right angles to the pump suction.
Various methods have been described in the prior art for producing this pressure drop.
A first solution, described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,519,679, 3,941,510 and 4,405,891, consists of using a light drive fluid such as a liquid or a gas.
However, the use of low-density liquids (liquefied butane or propane, alcohol, etc.) does not produce a sufficient pressure for classical applications. The use of gas (natural gas or nitrogen) has the drawback of requiring substantial compression work with each cycle, leading to a very low energy efficiency and a very slow cycling rate.
A second solution, referred to for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,180,366, 3,420,183, and 4,616,974, consists of assisting the suction phase of the pump by having the column of drive fluid and column of pumped fluid (assumed to be a liquid monophase) work alternately. This solution requires complicated machinery at the bottom and at the surface, comprising an assembly of check valves, pistons, and cylinders with different cross sections. This technique, which enables any drive fluid such as water to be used, is in this case well-suited for pumping water. On the other hand, production of crude with free gas, which represents a general application case of oil production, would require considerably increasing the volume of drive fluid transferred with each cycle to assist lifting the product by compressing the product gas, thus considerably limiting energy efficiency and production rate. Fitting a gas separator, whose efficiency is imperfect, to the suction end of the bottom-hole pump would complicate completion of the well without entirely eliminating this drawback.
Finally, a third solution, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,555,613 or 4,013,385, consists of using a mechanical or pneumatic spring directly applying an upward return force to the piston of a classical piston-type bottom-hole hydraulic pump. This solution faces the great difficulty of installing a long, powerful spring, which is necessary for substantially reducing the hydrostatic load produced by the drive fluid column, in a small-diameter space. The force P to be applied to resist this column must meet the condition: EQU F>(.rho..sub.M gh-P.sub.suc)S
where:
The force P thus calculated would frequently exceed 1000 kg.

Hydraulic alternating volumetric pumping system


Provided are a vertical-type light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same. The light emitting device includes a p-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and an n-type semi-conductor layer that are stacked, a cover layer disposed on a p-type electrode layer to surround the p-type electrode layer, a conductive support layer disposed on the cover layer, and an n-type electrode layer disposed on the n-type semiconductor layer.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a gallium nitride (hereinafter, referred to as "GaN")-based light emitting device (LED) having a vertical-type structure and a method of manufacturing the same.
2. Discussion of the Background
Recently, as light emitting devices having GaN semiconductors are widely expected to replace typical light sources including incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and mercury arc lamps, researches are being actively conducted into high-power GaN-based light emitting devices.
To manufacture such a GaN-based light emitting device, generally, an n-type GaN layer, an undoped InGaN layer, and a p-type GaN layer are sequentially stacked over a nonconductive sapphire substrate, and electrodes are formed over the n-type GaN layer and the p-type GaN layer, respectively. Since the sapphire substrate is nonconductive, the light emitting device typically has a horizontal-type structure. That is, the electrodes respectively formed over the n-type GaN layer and the p-type GaN layer are horizontally disposed. Thus, current spreading-resistance is great in a high-power operation, decreasing optical power. Also, since heat produced in a device operation is not effectively released through the sapphire substrate, there is a limitation that thermal stability of the device is degraded, thereby making a problem in the high-power operation.
To address these limitations and realize high-power GaN-based light emitting devices, flip-chip-type light emitting devices using a flip-chip package have been proposed. In such a flip-chip-type light emitting device, an electrode of a vertical-type light emitting device is connected to a heat sink through a solder. Since, in the flip-chip-type light emitting device, light emits from an active layer to the outside through a sapphire substrate, a thick p-type ohmic electrode is applicable instead of a transparent electrode, thus reducing the current spreading-resistance. However, the flip-chip-type package used for the flip-chip-type light emitting device causes a manufacturing process to be complicated. Moreover, optical efficiency characteristics of the flip-chip-type light emitting device are degraded because a large amount of photons are absorbed into the sapphire substrate while the light emits from the active layer to the outside through the sapphire substrate.

Light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same


Disclosed is a polymer light-emitting device having a light-emitting layer arranged between an anode and a cathode, and a hole transport layer arranged between the light-emitting layer and the anode. This polymer light-emitting device is characterized in that the hole transport layer is a layer containing a polymer compound which contains a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I) below, a repeating unit represented by the general formula (II) below and a repeating unit represented by the general formula (III) below.

Charge transport materials (including interlayer materials) or light-emitting materials comprising a high-molecular-weight compound are useful as, for example, materials used in organic layers in devices such as light-emitting devices. Therefore, studies have been made on various polymer compounds and on polymer light-emitting devices comprising such a polymer compound in a hole transport layer. For example, JP-A-10-92582 (PATENT DOCUMENT 1) discloses a polymer light-emitting device comprising a hole transport layer comprising a polymer compound which comprises a predetermined triphenylamine derivative as a repeating unit. Moreover, the pamphlet of WO2005/49548 (PATENT DOCUMENT 2) discloses a polymer compound which comprises a fluorenediyl group as a repeating unit. Moreover, the pamphlet of WO2006/060437 (PATENT DOCUMENT 3) discloses a polymer compound which comprises, as a repeating unit, a divalent group represented by the following general formula:
    PATENT DOCUMENT 1: JP-A-10-92582    PATENT DOCUMENT 2: pamphlet of WO2005/49548    PATENT DOCUMENT 3: pamphlet of WO2006/060437

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Polymer light-emitting device, polymer compound, composition, liquid composition, and conductive thin film


A haptic input device comprises a hexapod or pentapod parallel linkage mechanism with force feedback effected by proportional control of magneto-restrictive fluid brakes constraining the measurement of the struts of the mechanism, through their base nodes. In the pentapod version of the haptic data input device, a haptic stylus is employed which includes an annular compliant feature that can be squeezed and whose squeeze pressure can be monitored.

The spoken word can now be recognized by computer and is the most intuitive text input method, however input of spatial data has always been subject to a poor compromise. Generally a 2D device such as a mouse is used; but it is both inadequate for 3D space and does not feedback any physical presence of objects. To the pointer the workspace is only an image.
Achieving more intuitive spatial input would enable increased design and manipulation productivity and not surprisingly has been the goal of many researchers. The class of device under consideration is known as haptic. In its perfect form, it is a type of input device that allows the user to 'feel' virtual objects as if he was touching a real model.
Currently available examples range from joysticks with some force feedback to articulating exoskeletons permitting interaction with the virtual workspace or even telerobotic control of distant robots.
There are several low cost and highly practical six axis force sensing input devices available. They are employed by CAD operators to orientate a virtual model within the workspace. But without any significant control stick displacement they are relative move only—you cannot use them to quickly find a position, you have to steer yourself there with force vector adjustments. However they are effective at selecting a model viewing position (which does not require high resolution) and being relative move permit ranging over an unlimited workspace.
Recently haptic (force feedback) devices have become available that enable absolute six axis position measurement within their working volume—which is then scaled to the size of the desired virtual workspace. Absolute position input is the most intuitive method as it maps direly to the position of the hand. The disadvantage is the finite work volume. If a CAD user needs to work in detail on a big model, it is necessary to repeatedly reset the origin or scale of the workspace, which is cumbersome.
In an ideal world the user would be able to range seamlessly between large relative displacements and fine detail absolute control.
Haptic devices generally include six axis force sensing as part of their system. They use it to sense movement intent and then enable the motion; either as freely as possible or with programmed resistance. Force feedback also enables attractive software features such as modeling compliant solids (virtual clay) and deforming complex curvature surfaces.
Special haptic devices for finger movement rather than hand movement have been developed, sometimes linked into an entire haptic exoskeleton. The trouble is that these systems are complex and costly. They also generally require that the user's body be strapped into the device. There remains a need for a more practical and cost effective solution.
Given due regard to practicality, a desirable embodiment would be a desktop pointer that can be moved about all six degrees of freedom but with it's motion limits mechanically constrained under computer control to prevent encroachment into the body of a virtual model; perhaps with a handle that can be treated like a stylus. To varying degrees this can now be technically achieved—but at a high cost, which severely limits it's adoption.


The present invention related to a drill bit (10) for rock drilling, preferably a down-the-hole drill bit, said drill bit (10) including a head (11) and a shaft (12), said head (11) defining a cutting face (14) that carries a number of hard material button inserts (15) having end portions extending outwardly of said cutting face (14), means (16,17) for transporting flushing medium from the free end (13) of the shaft (12) to the cutting face (14) of the head (11), said means for transporting flushing medium including a central passage (16) extending from the free end (13) of the shaft (12) and terminating in the head (11) short of the cutting face (14) and at least one branch passage (17) emanating from the central passage (16) and emerging in the cutting facc (14).. In the field of down-the-hole drill bits big volumes of flushing medium, normally compressed air, are used since the flushing medium is also activating the down-the-hole hammer. Those big volumes provide erosion of the cutting face since the flushing medium has a very high speed when passing the front face of the drill bit. Said erosion creates problems when so much material, usually steel, of the cutting face had been eroded away that the button inserts are lost before they are worn out.. The idea of the present invention is to decrease the velocity of the flushing medium before reaching the cutting face (14) of the drill bit (10). This is done by increasing the cross-sectional area of the branch passage (17) along a certain length (L) of said branch passage (17).

The present invention relates to a rock drill bit, preferably a down-the-hole drill bit, said drill bit including a head and a shaft, said head defining a cutting face and carrying a number of hard material button inserts having end portions extending outwardly of said cutting face, means for transporting flushing medium from the free end of the shaft to the cutting face of the head.
In the field of down-the-hole drill bits large volumes of flushing medium, normally compressed air, are used since the flushing medium is also activating the down-the-hole hammer, said hammer demanding large volumes of flushing medium, normally compressed air, to achieve a sufficient penetration rate. Those large volumes provide erosion of the cutting face since the flushing medium has a very high speed when passing the front face of the drill bit. Said erosion creates problems when so much material, usually steel, of the cutting face has been eroded away that the button inserts are lost before they are worn out.


The invention relates to a composite tape for printing machines. A band with printable zones is arranged on the band at uniform intervals. An ink ribbon, of a size equal or less to that of the band, covers at least the imprintable zones and is electrostatically affixed to the printable zones on the band.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a composite tape for printing machines and to a printing machine using such a composite tape.
2. Brief Description of the Background of the Invention Including Prior Art
Machines for the printing of labels by thermal transfer techniques are already known. Such machines are capable of automatically printing a large sequence of labels depending on variables entered into the memories. These labels are intended for example for the markings of various products to be placed for sale and the markings which they receive can, for example, be provided as bar codes.
The known printing machines for thermal transfer are furnished with a heating print head under which a label tape is continuously carried along. The machines are likewise furnished with an ink ribbon which is continuously carried along under the print head against the label tape, at the same speed as the speed of the label tape. The print head is provided with a plurality of selectively heated points in order to form the corresponding markings on the label. The transfer of the ink from the ink ribbon onto the labels is effected in this case by heating.
The conventional printing machines thus use two consumables known as the ink ribbon and the label tape. One of the numerous inconveniences resulting from the use of two consumables lies in the fact that the ribbon or, respectively, the tape are not always of the same length. If the printer operator is not careful, then the printing machine can keep on printing despite a complete unwinding, be it of the ink ribbon or be it of the label tape.
Another inconvenience is associated with the fact that the printer operator has to perform two operations on the machine, one for loading the ink ribbon and the other one for loading the label tape.
A further inconvenience is connected with the fact that the two operations cannot be performed simultaneously, which is basically due to the difference in length of the two consumables, i.e. of the ribbon or, respectively, the tape.
Printing machines are based on a concept to allow the printing of tapes for labels of different sizes. In order to satisfy the demand, the user of such a machine has to have in his possession the ink ribbons in sizes adapted to that of the label tapes and has therefore to keep in stock an amount of tapes and ribbons totalling twice the number of desired tapes.

Composite tape for label printing machines


Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for purging an item from a cache based on the expiration of a period of time and having an associated process to generate an item purged from the cache. A program stores a first item in a cache with an indication of a process to generate the first item, schedules a validity period for the first item, and purges the first item from the cache when the validity period has expired. The validity period may be optimized to be less than a period of time after which the first item would be promoted from a first generation of the cache to a second generation of the cache and invalid objects in the first generation of the cache are freed from memory more frequently than invalid objects in the second generation of the cache.

The present disclosure relates to data processing by digital computer, and more particularly to time-based purging of a cache having computation of purged items.
In general, a cache may be used to store items for an indefinite period of time, where, the items in cache tend to be fetched faster from the cache than were the items to be computed again. For example, in some implementations of a cache for JAVA, a user programmer may store an item in a cache with an expectation that, when the item is desired to be retrieved, the item might not be in the cache; however, should the item be available, it might be accessed quicker than were it to be re-computed (e.g., read from a network, calculated from a function, and the like).

Cache with time-based purging and computation of purged items


An absolute pressure sensor capsule and sensor resulting therefrom are disclosed. In one preferred embodiment, the capsule includes a sensor die of a first material, an intermediate spacer of a second material joined to the die and a base plate of a third material, the base plate having a variable thickness for changing the span shift, null shift, and static pressure of the die while compensating for changes in the calibration of the electrical die components.

Pressure sensors have been used for any number of applications in the past. In use, however, certain drawbacks arise depending on the many applications in which the sensor is used. Previously sensors were not completely isolated. As a result there was generally no means to prevent exposure of the sensor internal mechanisms to often harmful and destructive environments such as salt water.
Moreover, when isolated, these sensors were often unable to transmit the sensed force in a manner which accurately reflected the force as initially sensed by the transducer. Previous sensors have generally also not been equipped to prevent overactivation or overpressure forces which often destroy the sensors.
Sensors previously developed in this field include Delmonte, U.S. Pat. No. 3,427,884, which discloses a diaphragm element having a flexible tubular support wall or and an exposed thin flexible diaphragm that extends transversely across the support wall. Gealt, U.S. Pat. No. 4,006,640, discloses a pressure to current transmitter having an internal fluid chamber separated from the process fluid by a diaphragm and backup plate. Davis et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,189, disclose an inexpensive glass capacitive pressure sensor. Sikorra, U.S. Pat. No. 4,196,632, discloses the apparatus including first and second support elements of fused quartz and an intermediately positioned thin diaphragm of the same material.
Nagasu et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,321,578, disclose a dual sided pressure transducer arranged to hold a semiconductor pressure sensor in a housing. Wamstad, U.S. Pat. No. 4,399,707, discloses a stress sensitive semiconductor die and housing comprising a recessed ceramic base.
Marks et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,600,912, disclose a diaphragm-type pressure sensor employing a monocrystalline wafer as a pressure-responsive diaphragm. Grantham et al, U.S. Pat. No. 4,467,394, disclose a three plate silicon-glass-silicon capacitive pressure transducer.
While these patents disclose pressure sensors and sensor elements which advance this field of technology, the previously mentioned problems still exist and are satisfied by the present invention.

Fluid isolated self-compensating absolute pressure sensor transducer


A multilayer ceramic capacitor comprising a capacitor element body: wherein dielectric layers composed of a dielectric ceramic composition and internal electrode layers are alternately stacked; the dielectric ceramic composition comprises a plurality of dielectric particles each having a shell, wherein subcomponents are dispersed in a main component, formed around a core substantially composed of the main component; and a difference of the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the shell in the dielectric particles having an average particle diameter is controlled to be 6 to 60% of a radius of the dielectric particles; wherein a high permittivity and preferable temperature characteristic are obtained and TC bias characteristics are improved, is provided.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a dielectric ceramic composition, for example, used as a dielectric layer of a multilayer ceramic capacitor; and an electronic device, such as a multilayer ceramic capacitor using the dielectric ceramic composition as a dielectric layer.
2. Description of the Related Art
In the related art, it has been considered to be effective to secure a high permittivity and a preferable temperature characteristic that a dielectric layer of a multilayer ceramic capacitor as an example of electronic devices is formed by dielectric particles (crystal grains) having a core-shell structure, wherein a shell as a region of barium titanate as a main component dispersed with a subcomponent exists on a surface of a core substantially made by barium titanate not dispersed with any subcomponent. A variety of proposals have been made on a technique of giving the core-shell structure to crystal grains.
For example, the patent article 1 (the Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-308321) discloses a technique of adding Mg as a subcomponent to barium titanate as a main component and adjusting a firing temperature and firing time, etc. to control a depth of Mg dispersing from crystal grain surfaces to its inside (that is, a shell thickness).
However, in the technique in the patent article 1, particle diameters of the dielectric particles composing a dielectric layer were approximately uniform and the shell thicknesses in the dielectric particles were also uniform, so that the temperature characteristic of the capacitance was preferable but the permittivity was liable to be small.
Thus, to overcome the disadvantage, the patent article 2 (the Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-111951) discloses a technique of making the shell thickness different in accordance with a particle diameter of the dielectric particles. Also, the patent article 2 describes that not all of the dielectric particles have to be covered with the shell and a dielectric particle with its core partially exposed to be open may be included.
The patent article 3 (the Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-313225) also discloses the technique of including dielectric particles with partially open cores. According to the patent article 3, by including the dielectric particles having partially open cores, a volume of the entire shell can be reduced and a permittivity of the entire ceramic sintered body can become high comparing with that in dielectric particles with cores covered entirely with the shell. As a result, a thickness of the dielectric layer can be as thick as possible without reducing the capacitance, so that it gives effects of responding to two opposing demands at a time: a demand for obtaining a thin layer with a large capacity and a demand for attaining reliability and a long lifetime.
When including the dielectric particles with partially exposed cores as disclosed in the patent articles 2 and 3, however, the TC bias characteristic deteriorates in some cases. The reason is not always clear, but it is considered because a voltage is applied to the core as a ferroelectric. When the TC bias characteristic deteriorates, there arises a disadvantage that the capacitance declines in an actual use and the product value is remarkably reduced.

Dielectric ceramic composition and electronic device


Apparatus and methods enhancing radio programming include receiving a broadcast radio transmission at a communication device. The broadcast radio transmission includes primary content and supplemental content having a relationship to the primary content. Further, the primary content includes a first audio data, while the supplemental content includes audio data. Additionally, the apparatus and methods include converting the supplemental content into converted supplemental content, maintaining the relationship to the primary content. Moreover, the converted supplemental content includes second audio data converted from the non-audio data. Thus, the described apparatus and methods allow the communication device to output signals for generating audible representations of both the primary content and the supplemental content.

1. Field
The described aspects relate generally to broadcast radio transmissions, and more particularly to enhancing user perception of the output of portions of a broadcast radio transmission on a communications device.
2. Background
Broadcast radio stations, such FM radio stations, may use a system known as a Radio Data System (RDS) or Radio Broadcast Data System (RBDS), both referred to herein as "RDS," to transmit supplemental information corresponding to their normal radio programming, e.g. music, talk, news, etc. RDS provides a standard protocol for several types of supplemental information transmitted by the broadcast radio stations, such as the identity of the particular radio station, the type of programming, and text information such as the name of an artist and/or song.
For example, broadcast radio stations transmit their programming and the supplemental information in the RDS format as distinct signals multiplexed onto a single channel. Radio receivers having RDS decoders, such as those included with some wireless communications devices or those in a vehicle, permit a user to listen to the transmitted programming and view the corresponding supplemental information on a display.
It is not always possible, however, for a user to view the display of supplemental information.

Apparatus and methods of enhancing radio programming


A virtual computing system deduplicates data. The system includes one or more processors, and one or more computer-readable storage media communicably coupled to the one or more processors. The one or more computer-readable storage media has instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: scan extents for duplicate data chunks; calculate hash values for the extents at different chunk lengths; emit the hash values at the different chunk lengths; identify matching ones of the hash values; and select one or more candidates from among the matching ones of the hash values for dedup.

The following description is provided to assist the understanding of the reader. None of the information provided or references cited is admitted to be prior art.
Deduplication (or dedup) is a type of data compression technique to reduce duplicate copies of repeating data. Data chunks are compared with unique chunks of data, and when there is a match, the duplicate data is deduped. When data is deduped, an entry is generally created in metadata (e.g., in a metadata map) with a reference to the deduped data that points to the corresponding unique chunks of data. In some deduplication systems, dedup chunks may be at a fixed length. In this case, some of the data chunks may have duplicate data that could have been deduped at a much larger chunk level, but instead, are deduped into the smaller fixed lengths. Accordingly, metadata and fragmented data may increase, resulting in degraded performance.

System and method for recursive de-duplication


Organotin fluorides, notably dialkyltin difluorides, well adpated for the manufacture of coated insulating glassware and having controlled morphology, are prepared by reacting a stannic compound, e.g., an organotin chloride, with a fluorinating agent, e.g., hydrofluoric acid or an ammonium fluoride, admixing the organotin fluoride thus produced in a solvent that is immiscible with the fluorinating agent but which solubilizes the organotin fluoride therein, subsequently or simutaneously heating the solvent medium to a temperature sufficient to release unreacted fluorinating agent therefrom, and cooling such solvent medium and thereby crystallizing therefrom an organotin fluoride having a controlled morphology, e.g., well defined platelets having a characteristic DTA spectrum.

1. Field of the Invention:
The present invention relates to novel organotin fluorides, and, more especially, to novel dialkyltin fluorides having controlled morphology and to a process for the preparation thereof.
2. of the Prior Art:
Dibutyltin fluoride (DBTF) is a known compound particularly useful for the manufacture of insulating glasses which reflect infrared radiation.
For this application ("hardcoating"), DBTF is deposited onto the glass in a layer of predetermined thickness. Accordingly, a product is required that is not heterogeneous, i.e., it must have a well defined grain size distribution of about 10 .mu.m and a highly specific platelet morphology. It should also be available in the form of a powder, which itself should not be adhesive.
Several processes are known to this art for the preparation of organotin fluorides and specifically DBTF. These processes entail reacting a fluorinating agent with a stannic substrate.
Exemplary such fluorinating agents include the alkali metal fluorides such as KF, ammonium fluoride, and aqueous or anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. Exemplary such stannic substrates include dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin chloride and dibutyltin acetate.
The reaction may be carried out in an aqueous or methanol medium, for example in aqueous HF, or in anhydrous HF alone.
All of the prior art processes, however, in addition to their specific disadvantages, present one major common defect. Indeed, each produces a product having a highly variable morphology.
Accordingly, serious need exists in this art for organotin fluorides having a controlled morphology, in particular organotin fluoride in the form of platelets and having a restricted grain size distribution.

Organotin fluorides having controlled morphology


A methods, systems, device, network, platform and apparatus for enabling user(s) to connect contextually with any other users of network(s) based on matching user created and/or dynamic & automatic generated request data and/or user data with user request(s) and/or user data of other users of network and enabling connected users to conduct plurality types of activities, actions, transactions, events, interactions, registering, accessing, messaging, communication, sharing, searching, collaboration and participating activities of each others.

At present users are using pluralities of instant messengers for communicating with connected or related users. Some instant messengers also enable users to search available unknown users for messaging or communicating with them.
None of the instant messenger enables users to connect, communicate and messaging among and/or with any other user(s) of instant messenger network(s) based on plurality of automatically and/or expert mediated and/or execution and using of one or more types of methods, modules, functions and/or instructions and/or determined context, semantic syntax, ontology, taxonomy, categories, user(s) requirements or real time or on demand sending of dynamic free form and/or structured request, domain or subject specific keywords database, artificial intelligence, categories, multi-dimensional environment, formatting, indexing, processing and analyzing & mining user data, keywords of or associate with messages, contents & user activities for communicating with particular types of users of network(s).
Present invention enables user to connect with inputted, selection, purpose, activity specific other contextual users which are note in user's connection or contact list and are not able to directly or indirectly connect, collaborate & communicate with them. User or requestor can determine requirement of connection types or send requirement request to server or server can monitors, tracks, detects, identifies, senses updates & stores user's activities, actions, events, senses, transactions, interactions, behavior, locations & user data and determine connections based on said user(s) related or associate data and/or request(s) data and connect user or requestor with other users or requestors to enabling them to conduct one or more types of contextual activities, actions, transactions, events, interactions, registering, accessing, messaging, communication, sharing, searching, collaboration and participating activities of each other. User can earn and/or purchase points, ranks & weights based on various types of factors, rules, policies & criteria and can connect particular number of times for particular number of users having particular ranks & weights for particular number and/or times of sessions.
Therefore, it is with respect to these considerations and others that the present invention has been made.
No prior art enables user of instant messenger or any types of communication interface to communicate, messaging and connect with real time and on demand requested users of network based on user's request data.

Enable user to establish request data specific connections with other users of network(s) for communication, participation and collaboration


A vehicle radar system (3) which, for each one of a plurality of radar cycles, is arranged to, provide a measured azimuth angle (θm) and radial velocity (vdm) for a first plurality of detections (9, 20). For each one of the plurality of radar cycles, the radar system (3) is arranged to select one of these detections for each one of two velocity components (vx, vy) in a set of components (vx, vy, ax, ay; a) to be determined; select one detection from a second plurality of detections (9, 20) for each one of at least one corresponding acceleration component (ax, ay; a); calculate the components (vx, vy, ax, ay; a) for the selected detections; determine a calculated radial velocity (vdc) for each one of at least a part of the other detections in the first plurality of detections (9, 20) using the calculated components (vx, vy, ax, ay; a); determine an error between each calculated and measured radial velocity (vdc, vdm); and determine the number of inliers. The set of components (vx, vy, ax, ay; a) that results in the largest number of inliers is then chosen.

Many vehicle radar systems include radar transceivers that are arranged for generating radar signals that are transmitted, reflected and received by use of appropriate antennas of the radar system. The radar signals may for example be in the form of FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) signals.
Radar provides important information about the environment and its participants, including moving objects and stationary environment to enable implementing automated vehicle systems such as speed control and collision prevention, as well as other such as auto alignment, online bumper fascia calibration, ego motion estimation, scene understanding, lane keeping assist (LKA) and automated driving (AD).
At each radar cycle, the received radar signal provides a multitude of radar detections, and for each detection radial (Doppler) velocity Vd, radial distance r and azimuth angle θ are provided. The detections can be grouped as tracked objects, providing a common motion state for an extended object.
The motion state of an object describes, e.g., the distance from the ego vehicle to the object, a complete, relative or absolute, velocity vector of the object in relation to the ego vehicle, and a complete, relative or absolute, acceleration vector of the object in relation to the ego vehicle. The motion state of tracked objects is updated continuously to reflect changes in object motion. For instance, acceleration and velocity vectors of the motion state will increase in magnitude if a tracked object brakes or otherwise changes its velocity.
It can be assumed that those detections that belong to a certain extended object have the same velocity vectors. Therefore, in order to be able to determine which ones of the acquired detections that have the same velocity vectors and thus can be determined to belong to a certain extended object, it is desirable to obtain complete vectors for velocity and acceleration for all the detections in as few radar cycles as possible in an uncomplicated and reliable manner.
The object of the present disclosure is thus to provide a vehicle radar system that is adapted to determine complete vectors for velocity and acceleration in as few radar cycles as possible in an uncomplicated and reliable manner.

Determining object motion and acceleration vector in a vehicle radar system