A wireless resource assigning apparatus for assigning wireless resources to transmission data of a plurality of users is disclosed. The wireless resource assigning apparatus includes a scheduling part configured to start scheduling for all users from a first wireless resource among a plurality of wireless resources prioritized according to a predetermined criterion, and repeat scheduling up to the last wireless resource for users except for users to whom any wireless resource has been assigned.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a wireless resource assigning apparatus and a wireless resource assigning method for assigning wireless resources efficiently when users can use multiple wireless resources that can be used for wireless communications.
2. Description of the Related Art
Algorithms for enhancing frequency efficiency in a single frequency band have been studied from the past. As an algorithm for power assignment for a single user, a transmit power control method is proposed for assigning large power to a sub-carrier in a good channel state and assigning small power to a sub-carrier in a bad channel state (refer to non-patent document 1, for example). In addition, a scheme is proposed for largely enhancing throughput by combining this technology with another technology such as adaptive modulation and coding, and the like (refer to non patent document 2, for example).
On the other hand, a multi-user scheduling algorithm is proposed (refer to non patent document 3, for example). The RR (Round Robin) method is a scheduling algorithm for assigning resources fairly. According to this method, although fairness can be kept, SINR (Signal to Interference and Noise power Ratio) is not considered. Thus, compared with a scheme considering SINR, the system throughput is low. The Max. CIR (Maximum Carrier to Interference power Ratio) method is an algorithm for maximizing the system throughput by assigning the radio resource to a user who has the maximum SINR. In this scheme, since the communication opportunity is not given to a user having low SINR, there is a problem that fairness cannot be kept. The PF (Proportional Fairness) method is an algorithm for assigning the radio resources to a user who has the maximum instantaneous SINR normalized by an average SINR of the user in order to keep fairness among users. Thus, the system throughput can be improved compared with the RR method while keeping fairness.    [Non-patent document 1] R. F. H. Fischer and J. B. Huber, "A New Loading Algorithm for Discrete Multitone Transmission", Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM 1996, Vol. 1 pp. 724-728, 1996;    [Non-patent document 2] T. Yoshiki, S. Sampei, N. Morinaga, "High bit rate transmission scheme with a multilevel transmit power control for the OFDM based adaptive modulation systems", TRANSACTIONS OF IEICE, Vol. J84B, July 2001;    [Non-patent document 3] Y. Ofuji, S. Abeta, M. Sawahashi, "Fast packet scheduling algorithm based on instantaneous SIR with constraint condition assuring minimum throughput in forward link", TECHNICAL REPORT OF IEICE, RCS2002-75, pp. 1-6, June 2002.
Aforementioned algorithms exist as conventional multi-user scheduling algorithms. But, they are assumed to be used in a single wireless resource, and algorithms for multiple wireless resources are not considered. Thus, there is a problem that an effect of scheduling cannot be obtained when multiple wireless resources are targeted.
FIG. 1 shows a conventional method for assigning wireless resources. Since the target for multi-user scheduling is limited to a single wireless resource, a part of users that are targets are specified (roughly assigned) after selecting wireless resources in step S10. Next, multi-user scheduling is performed for each wireless resource independently (steps S11-S1N).
It is generally known that the larger the number of users is, the higher the effect of scheduling of the conventional multi-user scheduling is. However, as mentioned above, since multi-user scheduling is performed after a part of users are assigned to each wireless resource, the number of users using the wireless resource becomes small, so that the effect of the scheduling is decreased. Therefore, it becomes difficult to perform wireless resource assignment that follows channel state and interference amount in multiple wireless resources.

Wireless resource assigning apparatus and wireless resource assigning method


A leadframe for producing a number of optoelectronic components is specified. At least one mounting region includes a number of chip mounting areas for a number of semiconductor chips. Alongside the mounting region at at least one main area of the leadframe one or more of grooves for reducing mechanical stresses in the leadframe are formed. The groove(s) do not completely penetrate through the leadframe. A method for producing a number of optoelectronic components on a leadframe of this type is furthermore specified.

During the production of optoelectronic components such as LEDs, for example, the semiconductor chips are often mounted on leadframes serving for making electrical contact with the optoelectronic component. A housing and/or a lens for the optoelectronic component can be produced by compression molding or injection molding, for example, wherein a plastic such as, for example, a thermoplastic, a thermosetting plastic or an elastomer is applied to at least one side of the leadframe. During the automated manufacture of LEDs, generally a multiplicity of semiconductor chips are simultaneously mounted onto a leadframe comprising a multiplicity of chip mounting areas and are subsequently simultaneously encapsulated with the housing material by molding or injection molding and the leadframe is subsequently singulated by sawing, for example, to form individual optoelectronic components.
Outside the mounting region for the semiconductor chips, the leadframe is generally provided with holes or slots in order, in particular, to reduce mechanical stresses which might otherwise lead to fracture of the assemblage composed of a multiplicity of components. However, there is the risk of plastic material undesirably reaching the rear side of the leadframe through such openings in the leadframe during the compression molding or injection molding of housings and/or lens onto the components.

Leadframe for optoelectronic components and method for producing optoelectronic components


In a computing system, sharing a physical NIC device among multiple virtual machines may be implemented by a customer virtual machine by receiving, by a virtual network interface card (NIC) driver of a customer operating system (OS) running in the customer virtual machine on a computing system, a customer OS request packet for transmission by a physical NIC driver over a network coupled to the computing system, and copying at least a portion of the customer OS request packet into a free block of shared memory of the computing system and appending the block to a transmission queue in the shared memory. Next, a service virtual machine may support the implementation by fetching the block from the transmission queue by a virtual NIC driver of a service OS running in a service virtual machine and packaging the portion into a service OS request packet, passing the service OS request packet to a service OS network stack component of the service OS, routing the service OS request packet, by a bridge driver of the service OS network stack component, to the physical NIC driver, and sending the service OS request packet over the network by the physical NIC driver.

1. Field
Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to computing systems and, more specifically, to system firmware and virtualization.
2. Description
Many computing systems include a network interface card (NIC) to provide for communications with other systems and devices over a network. In a computing system running multiple operating systems (OSs) on multiple virtual machines, each OS typically needs to communicate with its own NIC. Thus, multiple NICs are required to be installed on the computing system to support the multiple OSs running in virtual machines. However, it may be uneconomical and perhaps impractical to install multiple NICs. In some instances, the computing system has no spare Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) or PCI Express (PCIE) slots to install additional NICs, or has no room in the specific form factor of the computing system. In other cases, the cost of additional NICs may be prohibitive for the overall cost of the computing system.

Method for network interface sharing among multiple virtual machines


A method and a device for engraving a flexible strip, the device including a drive device for moving a flexible strip in a longitudinal direction of the flexible strip; a support device for supporting the strip in a circumferential direction of a cylinder on a surface segment of the cylinder acting as a support surface; a processing head oriented towards the support surface for engraving the strip with at least one tool oriented towards the support surface; and a drive device for moving the processing head, wherein the processing head is pivotable through the drive device about a longitudinal axis of the cylinder. In order to engrave a closed loop with a single processing head it is proposed that the processing head is pivotable through a drive device about a longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

Methods and devices of the general type recited supra are used in particular to structure flexible solar modules which are provided as a multi-layer strip on rollers in a continuous process. Through a laser beam used as a tool, one or plural functional layers of the strip are removed in order to separate particular solar cells from one another or from edge portions of the roller material or in order to prepare grooves for conductive paths.
A method and a device of the general type recited supra is known from JP 10-279 18 A. The processing head of the device proposed therein is movable along a longitudinal axis of a cylinder.

Method and apparatus for engraving a flexible strip with pivoting a processing head about a longitudinal axis of a cylinder


A duty cycle corrector includes a VCD (Voltage-Controlled Delay) circuit, an edge detector, an SR latch, a mode controller, and a CP (Charge Pump) circuit. The VCD circuit delays an input clock signal for a delay period so as to generate a delay clock signal. The delay period is adjusted according to a CP control voltage. The edge detector detects clock edges of the input clock signal and the delay clock signal so as to correspondingly generate a first clock edge signal and a second clock edge signal. The SR latch generates a toggling signal according to the first clock edge signal and the second clock edge signal. The mode controller generates a mode control voltage. The CP circuit operates in different modes according to the mode control voltage. The CP circuit generates the CP control voltage according to the toggling signal and the mode control voltage.

1. Field of the Invention
The disclosure generally relates to a duty cycle corrector, and more particularly, relates to a duty cycle corrector with a wide adjustable range of duty cycle.
2. Description of the Related Art
In many applications, a clock signal with a 50% duty cycle is important, such as DDR (Double Data Rate) applications and other critical communication applications. A conventional design, for example, uses two differential input clock signals and a differential amplifier to recover a correct output clock signal with a 50% duty cycle. However, in some cases, there is only one input clock signal or a single input terminal, and it is a challenge for a designer to recover a correct output clock signal without using the above differential method. In addition, the conventional differential design may just adjust the duty cycle of a clock signal from about 40% to 60%, which is very limited and may not be applied to some extreme cases.


An example device includes a processor coupled to a network and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory includes computer code for causing the processor to establish a secure connection between a manageability application and an interconnect device, the interconnect device being in communication with a newly connected networked device; and securely communicate, from the manageability application to the interconnect device, temporary login information for the networked device.

Converged infrastructure is meant to provide computer networks that are managed as one unit rather than as separate components. Such components may include various networked devices, such as servers, and interconnect devices to facilitate communication among the networked devices, as well as between networked devices and various users or administrators. The interconnect devices in such an infrastructure may include network switches, for example. Converged infrastructure presents the promise of simple out-of-box setup of computing components, including servers, storage, networking and management appliances.

HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT LP


Oil and water emulsions which contain a phospholipoprotein material whcih has been modified by phospholipase A, and at least one native starch based thickening agent, are prepared by subsequently gelatinizing the thickening agent, incorporating the modified phospholipoprotein containing material into the gelatinized thickening agent, then incorporating the oil (which may at least partially be replaced by a low-calorie fat substitute) and finally homogenizing the mixture obtained.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a water and oil emulsion comprising a phospholipoprotein containing material, which has been modified by phospholipase A, and at least one native starch based thickening agent. More particularly the invention relates to a process for the preparation of an oil-in-water emulsion of the mayonnaise, French dressing or salad dressing type.
There is an increasing demand for milder, preservative-free oil-in-water emulsion based products, which have not been subjected to severe heat treatments, but at the same time have an acceptable taste and good keeping properties. In order to prepare these products, the manufacturer faces a number of sometimes conflicting requirements. If the product has to be mild, the use of chemical preservatives to inhibit the growth of unacceptable microorganisms is almost unavoidable. If on the other hand the product should be free of these chemical preservatives, one has to resort to the use of such amounts of acid in order to arrive at an acceptable shelf life of the product, that the taste of the product is unacceptably harsh.
Mild products, which are free of chemical preservatives treatment, but upon heating above 60.degree. C.-70.degree. C., the egg yolk in oil-in-water emulsions looses its emulsifying properties, which results in coarsening of the emulsion, followed by oil exudation. Products based on milk protein instead of egg yolk as emulsifying agent are generally heat-stable at 60.degree. C.-70.degree. C., but lack the desired creamy taste impression originating from the egg yolk. With salad dressing an additional problem is met. Salad dressing resembles mayonnaise in that it is also an oil-in-water emulsion, but in addition to egg yolk it contains starch based thickening agents and gums. These thickeners usually are chemically modified starches, which however are expensive and moreover there is an increasing demand to have these chemically modified starches replaced by native starches. The use of native starches entails a number of difficulties, however, because they are more sensitive to temperature, time and shear conditions during gelatinization. Moreover during storage of the dressings prepared with native starches, gel formation (thickening) and as a consequence water separation (syneresis) often occurs due to retrogradation of the starch, leading to unacceptable products.

Process for the preparation of a water and oil emulsion

Van den Bergh Foods Company, Division of Conopco, Inc.


A receiver circuit for a sensor includes a photosensitive input circuit and a logarithmic-signal circuit including a PN junction coupled to a pulse voltage node. The pulse voltage node may be coupled to the P-type terminal of the PN junction and an output of the photosensitive input circuit. In some examples, the receiver circuit also may include a linear-signal circuit and/or a square-root-signal circuit.

One or more computers in an autonomous vehicle (or self-driving car) can be programmed to navigate the vehicle based on vehicle sensor data. The vehicle computers may rely on object detection data, e.g., "point cloud" data generated from light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor data to navigate the vehicle to a destination. An object detection sensor typically includes a receiver to detect an electromagnetic wave such as light received from a sensor field of view. However, current methods and technologies for sensor receivers may not provide a sufficiently high dynamic range for detecting objects.

High dynamic range receiver for a LIDAR sensor


A vibration dampening system for an air gun charging system includes a rear guide tube and a forward guide tube that are received within opposite ends of an air gun power spring, and a sleeve that fits concentrically over the power spring. The rear guide tube and the sleeve cooperate to reduce the free length of the power spring allowed to vibrate, which reduces vibration and improves firing performance.

Although there are several types of systems for powering air guns, most air guns are powered by a power spring, e.g., a coil spring. The power spring actuates a hollow piston that covers or "skirts" the power spring. The piston includes a sear that engages a latch that is connected to a trigger assembly of the air gun.
Generally, in air guns that incorporate a contained power spring energy source, cocking the power spring, i.e., compressing the power spring creates a quantity of stored energy that can be released when desired by means of the trigger assembly to fire the air gun. When fired, the compressed power spring expands, moving the piston forward with in a compression tube to compress a quantity of air, which then launches a projectile.
These spring-powered air guns suffer from inaccuracy due to the hysteresis, vibration, and other harmonics resulting from the rapid unloading, decompression, or uncoiling of the power spring when fired.
There exist air-gunsmiths or "tuners" that offer special air gun charging system improvements claiming better performance to users that want more power and/or accuracy from their air guns. One of the primary benefits of tuning air guns is to reduce vibration when the power spring is released and the air gun is fired.
Some charging system improvements simply replace the entire original charging system with custom-fit components to reduce vibration. Others include modifying the charging system by adding nylon buttons to the outside surface of the piston tube itself to eliminate vibrations. While these prior art techniques for increasing air gun performance may achieve effective results for their intended purpose, they require significant modification to the air gun components and/or the replacement of most, if not the entire, charging system.
Referring now to Prior Art FIGS. 1 and 2, the general operation of a power spring charging system 1 of an air gun is described. The charging system 1 is illustrated in a cocked or ready-to-fire position in FIG. 1. Once a trigger 2 is pulled, a skirted piston 3 in the air gun compresses the air within an area 4 in a chamber of a compression tube 5 with a given force provided by a helical power spring 6 behind the head 7 of the piston 3. A dynamic seal or gasket 8 creates an air-tight seal between the piston 3 and an inner surface of the compression tube 5. A small washer-like guide member 9 has a rearward end that fits partially within the coils of the power spring 6 and a forward shoulder fits within the piston 3.
A rear guide tube 12 guides the power spring 6 at the rearward end of the charging system 1, and allows a sear rod 10 of the piston 3 to selectively engage a trigger assembly. A rearward shoulder 13 of the rear guide tube 12 provides a surface for the power spring 6 to press against, while an internal through bore 14 of the rear guide tube 12 allows the sear rod 10 to pass therethrough. All of these components, except the trigger assembly 11 are usually placed within a receiver tube 15 of the air gun.
The piston 3 is referred to as "skirted" as it includes a cylindrical tube or skirt 16 that extends back from the head 7 of the piston 3. The skirt 16 is concentric with the sear rod 10. The piston 3 is disposed within the cylindrical compression tube 5, and defines a compression chamber 4 between the head 7 and the compression tube 5. Compression tube 5 is disposed within the receiver tube 15 at the forward end of the receiver tube 15.
One inherent aspect of current air guns using coil spring charging systems is that when the power spring 6 is loaded, i.e., compressed, during cocking, the power spring 6 expands radially (i.e., its diameter increases). When the air gun is fired the power spring 6 fires forward and contracts radially back to it unloaded size. One disadvantage of current air guns is that this radial expansion and contraction of the power spring 6 during use necessitates that there is clearance between the inner wall of the skirt 16 of the piston 3 and the unloaded power spring 6. This clearance, however, allows forward movement and uncoiling of the power spring 6 during firing, which produces vibration both during and immediately after firing has occurred and the piston has come to a rapid stop. These vibrations are due, in part, to the power spring 6, which exhibits the characteristics of unwinding, torqueing and kinetic energy as it is released from its compressed state upon firing. This vibration or oscillation of the power spring 6, both during and immediately after firing, both reduce the power supplied by the power spring 6 and reduce accuracy of the air gun. Generally, the longer the power spring 6, the greater the amplitude of the vibrating deflection of the power spring 6. This deflection is greatest at the longitudinal midpoint of the power spring 6.


A head-mounted image display device consists mainly of an image producing unit (2), right and left frames (27 and 25), and a controller (8). The image producing unit has image display LCDs enclosed with covers (11 and 12). The right and left frames useful in wearing the head-mounted image display device HMD on the head are supported by frame supports (17 and 16) that are fixed to the cover (11). Herein, the right and left frames are detachably attached to the frame supports. An earphone cord (21 or 20) is guided along ribs which are formed on the outer surface of the right or left frame. An earphone (7 or 6) is detachably attached to an earphone holder formed in the distal or rear portion of the right or left frame. Thus, there is provided a head-mounted image display device that is compact, that can be readily worn on the head, and that not only enables viewing of a display screen image but also simplifies observation of an ambient environment.

The present invention relates to a head-mounted display device including an optical system that projects an image, which is produced by a built-in image display means, on the observer""s retinas.
Various types of head-mounted image display devices have been proposed as compact display devices that are worn on the head and display an image directly viewable with the eyes.
For example, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 10(1998)-293544 has disclosed a head-mounted image display device that consists mainly of a display casing, right and left supporting frames, a nose rest member, head pressing members, and ear rest members. The display casing accommodates LCDs and others. The right and left supporting frames are borne by joint members, which are detachably attached to the display casing, so that the right and left supporting frames can pivot on the joint members. The nose rest member is fixed to the display casing. The head pressing members are attached to the supporting frames so that they can slide. The ear rest members are attached to the head pressing members so that they can move together with the head pressing members. The operability of the head-mounted image display device for activating various kinds of features has improved.
However, although the head-mounted image display device disclosed in the Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 10(1998)-293544 has its operability improved, there is room for improvement in the structures of the joint members and supporting frames, which are the components of the display device, in terms of their strength and cost. Moreover, there is room for improvement in attaching condition of earphones from the viewpoint of ease of use.
The present invention attempts to overcome the foregoing drawbacks. An object of the present invention is to provide a head-mounted image display device that has components whose structure is simple, whose strength is sufficient, whose capability is satisfactory, and whose cost can be lowered.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a head-mounted image display device having an image producing unit. The image producing unit includes an image display means and a projecting optical system that projects an image, which is produced by the image display means, on the observer""s eyes. The head-mounted image display device further includes a casing, a pair of frame supporting members, and a pair of frame members. The casing accommodates the image producing unit. The pair of frame supporting members is fixed to the casing. The pair of frame members is worn on the head and supported by the frame supporting members so that the frame members can freely pivot on the frame supporting members. When the casing is worn on the head using the frame members, an image produced by the image producing unit is projected on the observer""s eyes. The respective pair to the frame supporting members has the same shape.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a head-mounted image display device having an image producing unit. The image producing unit includes an image display means and a projecting optical system that projects an image, which is produced by the image display means, on the observer""s eyes. The head-mounted image display device includes a casing, a pair of frame supporting members, and a pair of frame members. The casing accommodates the image producing unit. The pair of frame supporting members is fixed to the casing. The pair of frame members is worn on the head and supported by the frame supporting members so that the frame members can freely pivot on the frame supporting members. When the casing is worn on the head using the frame members, an image produced by the image producing unit is projected on the observer""s eyes. The each frame member has ribs formed on the surface thereof which faces outside with the head-mounted image display device worn on the head. The ribs are extended over an effective range in the longitudinal direction of each frame member. The ribs on each frame member are a plurality of ribs formed in the width direction. A groove defined with the inner surfaces of the ribs on each frame member serves as a passage groove through which an earphone cord is passed.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a head-mounted image display device having an image producing unit. The image producing unit includes an image display means and a projecting optical system that projects an image, which is produced by the image display means, on the observer""s eyes. The head-mounted image display device includes a casing body, a pair of frame supporting members, and a pair of frame members. The casing accommodates the image producing unit. The pair of frame supporting members is fixed to the casing body. The pair of frame members is worn on the head and supported by the pair of frame supporting members so that the frame members can pivot on the frame supporting members. When the casing body is worn on the head using the frame members, an image produced by the image producing unit can be projected on the observer""s eyes. The each frame member has facing pins formed on the inner surfaces of flanges constituting the proximal portion of each frame member that acts as a fulcrum. The each frame supporting member has pin supporting hole, into which the pin is fitted, bored therein.


A hand-swing type shilly-car includes a main frame module and a hand-swing module. The main frame module includes a rear-wheel tube, a T-shaped structure formed by the rear-wheel tube and main-frame tube and having a cushion, two wheels installed at both ends of the rear-wheel tube respectively, and a pedal tube installed at the front of the main-frame tube. The hand-swing module includes a swing tube, a handlebar at the top of the swing tube, a guide wheel at the bottom of the swing tube, a bearing sleeve at the top of the swing tube and opposite to the guide wheel and having a bearing at the top and bottom of the bearing sleeve. A fixing element with a C-shaped structure is installed at the main-frame tube for receiving both bearing sleeve and bearings, and a fixing shaft is provided for rotably fixing the bearing sleeve and bearings.

In general, a conventional sitting-type hand-controlled shilly car as disclosed in P.R.C. Pat. No. 201120550670.2 and Publication No. CN202379023U published on Aug. 15, 2012 comprises a hand-controlled handlebar module, a link rod module and a seat frame, wherein the hand-controlled handlebar module includes a front wheel, and the seat frame includes a rear wheel mounted thereon, and a rear end of the link rod module is coupled to the seat frame, and a front section of the link rod module has left and right pedal rods. The conventional sitting-type hand-controlled shilly car is characterized in that a bushing shaft is extended vertically upward from the bottom of the hand-controlled handlebar module, and a bushing is installed at a front end of the link rod module, and a bearing is installed in the bushing, wherein the bushing shaft of the hand-controlled handlebar module is plugged in from a lower end of the bushing and passed through the bearing in the bushing, and a screw is inserted from an upper end of the bushing and coupled to a threaded hole at the top of the bushing shaft, so that the hand-controlled handlebar and the link rod can be movably swung to provide recreation and fun.
However the conventional sitting-type hand-controlled shilly-car still has the following drawbacks and disadvantages:
1. The whole car is made of steel tubes, and thus the car is very heavy, uneasy to be operated by a child of 3˜5 years old, and unsafe.
2. Although the conventional sitting-type hand-controlled shilly-car can overcome the easy damage of a plastic shilly-car caused by collisions, yet the canvas cushion and backrest tube of the sitting-type hand-controlled shilly-car may hurt children's back and affect their growth and development.
3. The conventional sitting-type hand-controlled shilly-car is assembled by joints, and thus the assembling process takes much time and the assembly may be loosened or may fall apart during use, and thus the car is unsafe and the adjustment of the car is uneasy.

KUNSHAN JIAN XIANG WEI MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.


An adjustable suspension system includes a torsion spring, four Scott-Russell linkages for each wheel of the vehicle, and a worm gear for rotating the torsion spring. At least one of the Scott-Russell linkages for each wheel is responsive to the torsion spring to adjust the ride height of the vehicle while maintaining a substantially constant camber angle for the wheel. In one exemplary method for adjusting the ride height of a vehicle, a dynamic parameter of the vehicle is sensed and, based on the sensed dynamic parameter, the torsion spring is automatically rotated to change the orientation of the Scott-Russell linkages and thereby adjust the ride height of the vehicle. The dynamic parameter may be the speed of the vehicle, the pitch and body roll of the vehicle, or the lateral acceleration of the vehicle. The operation of automatically rotating the torsion spring may be controlled by a microprocessor.

The present invention relates generally to motorized vehicles and, more particularly, to an adjustable suspension system for such vehicles.
Over the past decade, vehicles capable of off-road driving, e.g., sport utility vehicles (SUVs), have become increasingly popular. For off-road driving, these vehicles require increased ride height, i.e., ground clearance, to avoid obstacles, e.g., rocks, bumps, and other irregularities, and to provide the distance required to absorb the additional forces caused by such obstacles. This increased ride height also brings a number of disadvantages, however, including high roll center, high effective frontal area, decreased stability, decreased cornering ability, and lower fuel economy. As such, the increased ride height required for off-road driving is not well suited for high-speed travel on smooth, paved surfaces.
An ideal suspension system would provide a low ride height for medium and high speed travel on smooth, paved surfaces and a high ride height for low to medium speed travel on unpaved, irregular surfaces. With such an ideal suspension system, high-speed operation would occur only at low ride height, thereby optimizing cornering ability, fuel economy, traction, and safety. Unfortunately, conventional single-pivot suspension systems do not allow for any significant adjustment in ride height without sacrificing suspension performance and causing uneven tire wear. Typically, a coil spring or spring/damper can be used to adjust the ride height of a single-pivot suspension system. However, the amount of adjustment that can be made before significant adverse effects on wheel camber, ride harshness, and safety occur is minimal. To be commercially viable, a suspension system should have a useful adjustment range of at least 6 inches to 8 inches without adversely impacting the ride quality, cornering performance, or tire life. This range of adjustment is not possible with conventional single-pivot suspension systems.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for an adjustable suspension system that enables the ride height of a vehicle to be adjusted over a wide range without sacrificing handling, performance, tire wear, or safety.
Broadly speaking, the present invention fills this need by providing an adjustable suspension system that includes four Scott-Russell linkages for each wheel of a vehicle. The present invention also provides methods for adjusting the ride height of a vehicle.
In one aspect of the invention, a vehicle suspension system for adjusting the ride height of a vehicle is provided. For each wheel of the vehicle, the vehicle suspension system includes four structure arms, with each of the structure arms having an outer control link pivotably attached thereto. The vehicle suspension system also includes four primary links and four inner control arms. One end of each of the primary links is configured to be coupled to a spindle yolk. One end of each of the inner control arms is configured to be coupled to a shock absorber. A torsion spring is provided, and one end of a torsion arm is rigidly attached to the torsion spring. One end of an attachment link is pivotably attached to the other end of the torsion arm. A pin extends through apertures in the attachment link, two of the inner control arms, two of the primary links, and two of the outer control links.
Two translation links are pivotably attached at one end to respective ends of two of the four primary links, and at the other end to respective ends of the other two of the four primary links. Two rotation links are pivotably attached at one end to respective ends of two of the four primary links. The other end of each of the rotation links is configured to be pivotably attached to a frame of the vehicle. A worm gear for rotating the torsion spring is provided. When the torsion spring is rotated, the torsion arm rotates and in turn causes the attachment link to move the pin in an upward or downward direction. The upward or downward movement of the pin causes the four primary links to move in an upward or downward direction to adjust a ride height of a vehicle.
In one embodiment, the vehicle suspension system further includes a second pin that extends through apertures in one of the inner control arms, one of the primary links, and one of the outer control links, and a third pin that extends through apertures in another of the inner control arms, another of the primary links, and another of the outer control links. In one embodiment, the worm gear is manually controlled by a driver of a vehicle from within a cabin of the vehicle. In another embodiment, the worm gear is automatically controlled by a microprocessor. In this embodiment, the microprocessor receives inputs from devices that measure dynamic parameters of the vehicle, e.g., the speed of the vehicle, the pitch and body roll of the vehicle, and the lateral acceleration of the vehicle.
In another aspect of the invention, an adjustable suspension system for a vehicle is provided. The adjustable suspension system includes a torsion spring. For each wheel of the vehicle, linkage means for adjusting a ride height of the vehicle while maintaining a substantially constant camber angle for a wheel of the vehicle is provided. The linkage means is responsive to the torsion spring and is configured to be coupled to a spindle yolk. A means for rotating the torsion spring also is provided. The means for rotating the torsion spring may be either manually controlled by a driver of the vehicle from within the cabin of the vehicle or automatically controlled by a microprocessor.
In yet another aspect of the invention, one method for adjusting the ride height of a vehicle is provided. In this method, four Scott-Russell linkages are provided for each wheel of the vehicle. A torsion spring is rotated to change the orientation of the Scott-Russell linkages to adjust the ride height of the vehicle. In one embodiment, the method further includes maintaining a substantially constant steering ratio as the ride height of the vehicle is adjusted.
In a further aspect of the invention, another method for adjusting the ride height of a vehicle is provided. In this method, four Scott-Russell linkages are provided for each wheel of a vehicle. A dynamic parameter of the vehicle, e.g., the speed of the vehicle, the pitch and body roll of the vehicle, and the lateral acceleration, is sensed. Based on the sensed dynamic parameter, a torsion spring is automatically rotated to change the orientation of the Scott-Russell linkages and thereby adjust the ride height of the vehicle. In one embodiment, the operation of automatically rotating the torsion spring is controlled by the microprocessor. In one embodiment, the method further includes maintaining a substantially constant steering ratio as the ride height of a vehicle is adjusted.
In a still further aspect of the invention, a vehicle having an adjustable suspension system is provided. The vehicle includes a torsion spring, an adjustable suspension system for adjusting the ride height of the vehicle, a worm gear for rotating the torsion spring, and a steering assembly having a flexible cable that allows a substantially constant steering ratio to be maintained when the ride height of the vehicle is adjusted. The adjustable suspension system includes four Scott-Russell linkages for each wheel of the vehicle, with at least one of the Scott-Russell linkages for each wheel of the vehicle being responsive to the torsion spring to adjust a ride height of a vehicle while maintaining a substantially constant camber angle for the wheel.
The present invention provides a number of significant advantages. Most notably, the adjustable suspension system of the present invention enables the adjustment of the ride height of a vehicle over a long range of wheel travel, e.g., at least about 6 inches to about 8 inches, with little or no change in camber angle for each wheel. Because a substantially constant camber angle for each wheel of the vehicle is maintained, wider tires that provide better handling and traction may be used on the vehicle. The four Scott-Russell linkages provided for each wheel resist fore and aft lateral forces on the suspension system. In addition, the steering assembly maintains the steering performance of the suspension system as the ride height is adjusted and thereby eliminates the steering anomaly referred to as xe2x80x9cbump steer.xe2x80x9d

Adjustable suspension system for a vehicle


A unique fluid connector is disclosed that quickly connects a tube within a housing bore, while providing a strong, fluid tight seal. The tube has axially spaced radially greater diameter upset portions with a sleeve and a locking member trapped between the upset portions. The locking member includes resilient arms which secure the locking member within the housing bore. The sleeve has a notch at an inner axial end which abuts the inner upset portion to retain the tube within the bore. An O-ring is positioned axially inwardly of the upset portion. The sleeve and the inner upset portion both abut the O-ring to provide a fluid tight seal between the tube and the housing. In a unique method, a tube unit is assembled by forming the outer upset portion on the tube. The locking member and sleeve are then moved onto the tube. The inner upset portion is then formed on the tube to secure the locking member and the sleeve on the tube. An O-ring retaining portion is then formed on the tube, and the O-ring is positioned onto the tube. The assembled tube unit is then inserted into the housing bore.

This application relates to a quick connect coupling that provides a strong, fluid tight seal. In addition, a method of assembling such a quick connect coupling is disclosed.
Various quick connect couplings are known to secure high pressure fluid lines such as found in power steering, air conditioning, or power brake systems within a housing. In such high pressure systems, the quick connect coupling must quickly and securely connect tubing within the housing, and must also provide a strong fluid tight seal. Prior art quick connect couplings have some deficiencies in achieving the goals of being quickly connected, providing a strong connection between the tube and the housing, and also providing a fluid tight seal.
One type of coupling disclosed in the prior art includes a bushing secured within the housing and abutting the tube upset portion, retaining the tube in the housing. These prior art structures have provided relatively quick connections, however, they have generally been complex and have not always provided fluid tight seals.
In addition, the means to secure the bushings in these prior art structures have been somewhat deficient. They have not always provided both quick and strong connections between the bushing and the housing.
Finally, prior art quick connect couplings are known in which the tube, a member for securing the tube within a housing, and seals are all inserted into a housing as a one-piece unit. The prior art methods of assembling these one-piece units have been somewhat deficient in the prior art, and overly complex.

Quick connect tubing connector and method of assembly


To control screen display using moving pictures for a plurality of users. Respective moving pictures for a plurality of users are acquired, and each of the acquired moving pictures are displayed on a screen. Display content for the screen is controlled in response to content of each moving picture. At this time, it is also possible to move a specified movement image on the screen according to display position of each moving picture on the screen and content of each moving picture, or to change a display region of the moving picture on the screen according to content of each moving picture.

The present invention relates to an image processing device, an image processing method and an information storage medium, and particularly relates to an image processing device, image processing method and information storage medium for displaying images including moving pictures of a plurality of users.
Japanese patent No. 3298870 discloses an image processing device for composing a moving picture of a user in an image formed by a computer, and controlling screen display based on content of the moving image of the user. According to this image processing device, it is possible to direct a user like a character within an image formed by a computer, and it is possible to double the interest level of game software etc.

Image processing device, image processing method and information storage medium


A field effect transistor includes a substrate comprising a fin structure. The field effect transistor further includes an isolation structure in the substrate. The field effect transistor further includes a source/drain (S/D) recess cavity below a top surface of the substrate. The S/D recess cavity is between the fin structure and the isolation structure. The field effect transistor further includes a strained structure in the S/D recess cavity. The strain structure includes a lower portion. The lower portion includes a first strained layer, wherein the first strained layer is in direct contact with the isolation structure, and a dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric layer is in direct contact with the substrate, and the first strained layer is in direct contact with the dielectric layer. The strained structure further includes an upper portion comprising a second strained layer overlying the first strained layer.

As the semiconductor industry has progressed into nanometer technology process nodes in pursuit of higher device density, higher performance, and lower costs, challenges from both fabrication and design issues have resulted in the development of three dimensional designs, such as a fin field effect transistor (FinFET). A typical FinFET is fabricated with a thin vertical "fin" (or fin structure) extending from a substrate, for example, etched into a silicon layer of the substrate. The channel of the FinFET is formed in this vertical fin. A gate is provided over (e.g., wrapping) the fin. Having a gate on both sides of the channel allows gate control of the channel from both sides. Further advantages of FinFET comprise reducing the short channel effect and enabling higher current flow.
FIG. 1A shows an isometric view of a conventional FinFET 100, and FIG. 1B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the FinFET 100 taken along the line a-a of FIG. 1A. The fin 104/108 comprises a raised active region 104 above a semiconductor substrate 102. Fin 104/108 is surrounded by a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure 106. A gate structure 110 comprising a gate dielectric 112, a gate electrode 114, and an optional hardmask layer 116 is formed above the fin 104/108. Sidewall spacers 118 are formed on both sides of the gate structure 110. Further, a portion of the fin 104/108 contains strained structures 108 in source and drain (S/D) recess cavities of the FinFET 100. The strained structures 108 are formed after a fin recessing process and an epitaxial growth step. The strained structures 108 utilizing epitaxial silicon germanium (SiGe) may be used to enhance carrier mobility.
However, there are challenges to implement such features and processes in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication. As the gate length and spacing between devices decrease, these problems are exacerbated. For example, an ordered atomic arrangement does not exist due to lattice mismatch between the portion 104 of the fin 104/108 and strained portions 108. Thus, strain-induced crystal defects 108a may become embedded in the strained structure 108. The crystal defects 108a may provide carrier transportation paths during device operation, thereby increasing the likelihood of device instability and/or device failure.
Accordingly, what are needed are methods for fabricating a reduced-defect strained structure.

Method for fabricating a strained structure and structure formed

TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LTD.


A method and apparatus for removing minute particles from a surface of a sample are provided that prevent redeposition of the particles onto the surface. By combining thermophoresis with laser assisted particle removal (LAPR), the methods and apparatus remove minute particles (for example, micrometer and nanometer sizes) and assure that they will not redeposit.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing minute particles from a surface. More particularly, the invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing minute particles from a surface using thermophoresis to prevent particle redeposition.
2. Background of the Related Art
Particle contamination of surfaces is a concern in many areas of technology. Two areas where such contamination can be a very significant problem are optics, particularly those with critical optical surfaces, and electronic device fabrication. The effect of contaminants on critical optical surfaces (coated or uncoated, dielectric or metal), for example in high power laser optics, can lead to increased optical absorption and a decreased laser damage threshold. As minute particles contaminate optical surfaces, they can serve as sinks for optical power incident on the optical surfaces and thus produce localized heating and possible damage. Large telescope mirrors, and space optics are other applications which require highly decontaminated critical optical surfaces.
In the electronics industry, particle contamination is an important factor in the manufacture of high density integrated circuits. Even in relatively conventional technology using micron or larger circuit patterns, submicron size particle contamination can be a problem. Today the technology is progressing into submicron pattern sizes, and particle contamination is even more of a problem. For device fabrication, particles serve as "killer defects" for only the device that is particle contaminated. The term "device" includes electronic devices, including masks/reticles, optical devices, medical devices, and other devices where particle removal could be advantageous. A particle contaminated mask/reticle prints every device with a defect. At the shorter wavelengths being developed for the next generation of lithography, materials for a protective pellicle for the mask are not available, making particle removal techniques an essential technology in the future. Contaminant particles larger than roughly 10% of the pattern size can create damage, such as pinholes, which interfere with fabrication processes (such as etching, deposition and the like), and defects of that size are a sufficiently significant proportion of the overall pattern size to result in rejected devices and reduced yield. As an example, it has been found that the minimum particle size which must be removed in order to achieve adequate yield in a one Megabit chip (which has a pattern size of one micron) is about 0.1 microns.
Filtration (of air and liquid), particle detection, and contaminant removal are known techniques used in contamination control technology in order to address the problems outlined above. For example, semiconductor fabrication is often conducted in clean rooms in which the air is highly filtered, the rooms are positively pressurized, and the personnel allowed into the room are decontaminated and specially garbed before entry is allowed. In spite of that, the manufactured devices can become contaminated, not only by contaminants carried in the air, but also by contaminants created by the processes used to fabricate the devices.
Removal techniques for contaminants should provide sufficient driving force for removal but without destroying the substrate. Moreover, acceptable removal techniques should provide a minimum level of cleanliness in a reliable fashion. As the particle size decreases, the particle weight becomes less significant as compared to other adhesive forces binding the particle to the surface which it contaminates. Removal of such small particles can potentially damage the substrate.
In general, it has been found that submicron particles are the most difficult to remove. Many of the processes developed to clean integrated circuits, such as ultrasonic agitation, are not effective for micron and submicron particles and indeed, sometimes add contaminants to the substrate.
Laser assisted particle removal has been described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,286 issued to Susan D. Allen on Jan. 22, 1991, which is hereby incorporated by reference. U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,286 discloses a method and apparatus for removing minute particles from a surface to which they are adhered using laser technology, and further teaches the use of an energy transfer medium to effect efficient laser assisted particle removal (LAPR). As shown in FIG. 1, a condensed liquid or solid energy transfer medium 23, such as water, is interposed under and around a contaminant particle 22 to be removed from a substrate 20 to which the particle is adhered. Thereafter, the medium 23 is irradiated using laser energy 25 at a wavelength which is strongly absorbed by the medium 23 causing explosive evaporation of the medium 23 with sufficient force to remove the particle 22 from the surface of the substrate.
Another particle removal technique has been to direct the laser energy into the substrate. The laser heated substrate then transfers energy into the energy transfer medium via conduction causing explosive evaporation sufficient to remove the particle from the surface of the substrate. The laser energy can also be directed into the particle(s) to be removed.
Both direct absorption by the energy transfer medium, and substrate and/or particle(s) absorption with subsequent heating of the energy transfer medium can result in efficient LAPR. However, advances in technology have decreased the critical dimensions of various devices, such as, for example, magnetic hard drives, semiconductor devices, masks to make semiconductor devices, etc., and have also increased the surface quality specifications for devices such as large telescope mirrors, space optics, high power laser optics, etc. Therefore, the ability to remove particulate contamination in a noncontact clean fashion becomes ever more important.
One of the challenges of LAPR and other particle removal methods is keeping the particles from redepositing on the surfaces, particularly for very small particles that are not significantly affected by gravity. Several options are available for preventing removed minute particles from redepositing on the cleaned surface. For example, when particles are removed in a vacuum, the mean free path of the particle is long enough to keep it from redepositing and a cooled surface can serve as a particle trap. Also, gas jets parallel to the surface can be used to entrain particles and transport them away from the critical surface.
The above references are incorporated by reference herein where appropriate for appropriate teachings of additional or alternative details, features and/or technical background.

Apparatus for removal of minute particles from a surface using thermophoresis to prevent particle redeposition


An air quality control system (AQCS) useful for treating flue gas, such as flue gas produced by a fossil fuel fired boiler, is described. In addition to flue gas treatment, the AQCS provides for air preheater flue gas outlet flue gas temperature reduction and air preheater corrosion prevention while reducing capital costs, increasing reliability and increasing operating flexibility with regard to fuel selection.

In the processing or treatment of flue gas or gas streams, dry flue gas desulfurization (DFGD) systems are known. In DFGD system processes, lime (CaO) is first converted to hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) before contact with the flue gas. The hydrated lime contacts the flue gas as a dry or moistened powder in a circulating dry scrubber (CDS) DFGD system. An example of such a CDS DFGD system is the ALSTOM NID™ system (ALSTOM Power Inc., Paris, France) (NID).
U.S. Pat. No. 4,610,849, invented by John Van Camp et al., discloses a spray dryer absorber (SDA) DFGD system that uses an aqueous slurry containing an alkaline reagent for reaction with sulfur oxides in a flue gas. This SDA DFGD system uses an array of spaced apart nozzles adapted to introduce a plurality of spray patterns into a reaction zone. The spaced apart nozzles introduce the aqueous slurry containing an alkaline reagent into the reaction zone for contact with the flue gas for reaction of the alkaline reagent and the sulfur oxides in the flue gas.
WO 97/37747, invented by Stefan Ahman et al., discloses a device for a CDS DFGD system useful for discharging and distributing an absorbent material in a flue gas duct. Accordingly, in a vertical flue gas duct for flue gases containing gaseous pollutants, a discharging and distributing device is arranged to discharge and distribute a particulate absorbent material reactive with the gaseous pollutants in the flue gas to convert the gaseous pollutants to a separable dust.
While methods and equipment capable of removing both particulate and gaseous pollutants from a flue gas stream exist, there remains a need for improved DFGD methods and equipment that also protect associated system air preheaters from pollutant corrosion while maintaining efficiency and effectiveness.

Dry scrubber system with air preheater protection


In a semiconductor device having memory cells and peripheral circuits, the memory cells and the peripheral circuits are formed on a semiconductor substrate. Source regions, drain regions and gate electrodes of MOS transistors in the peripheral circuits are comprised of a refractory metallic silicide layer. Gate electrodes of MOS transistors in the memory cells are comprised of the refractory metallic silicide. Source and drain regions of the MOS transistors in the memory cells are not comprised of the refractory metallic silicide layer.

The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. xc2xa7119 to Japanese Application No. 2000-117991 filed on Apr. 19, 2000, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirely for all purposes.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a semiconductor device and method of manufacture, and particularly, the present invention relates to a semiconductor device having memory cells and peripheral circuits which control the memory cells, and to a method of manufacturing such a semiconductor device.
2. Description of the Related Art
Semiconductor devices have been rapidly developing in which memory cells and peripheral circuits controlling the memory cells are formed in the same semiconductor substrate. Particularly, significant developments have been made in the area of systematic semiconductor devices which include a function of a semiconductor memory circuit, such as a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and a function of a logic circuit.
Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors of such logic circuit have been employed to improve the driving ability of an electric current. Silicide layers are formed on gate electrodes, source regions and drain regions of the MOS transistors using a Self-Aligned Silicide (Salicide) method. Thereby, a resistance of the gate electrode and the source and drain regions is reduced and the logic circuit is capable of a high speed operation is.
Also, MOS transistors of the memory cells, particularly of the DRAM, must be capable of required to realize a high speed operation in order to transfer large amounts of data, such as image data. To realize such a high speed operation, it has been proposed to form silicide layers on the gate electrodes, source regions and drain regions of MOS transistors in the memory cells.
However, in the MOS transistor of the memory cells of the DRAM, concentrations of impurities in the source regions and the drain regions are set to low levels to restrain a short channel effect, to slacken a concentration of an electrical field in the drain region and to maintain a retention time. Therefore, junctions between the source regions or the drain regions and the semiconductor substrate are formed in the vicinity of a surface of the semiconductor substrate.
Consequently, if the silicide layers are formed on the gate electrodes, source regions and the drain regions of the MOS transistors in the memory cells of the DRAM, a high speed operation could be realized, but leak current from the source and drain regions to the semiconductor substrate would increase.
The silicide layers of the MOS transistors of the memory cells are simultaneously formed in the same step of forming the silicide layers of the MOS transistors of the peripheral circuits. Here, a method of forming an insulating layer, such as a nitride layer on the MOS transistors of the memory cells can be considered so as to avoid formation of the silicide layer on the MOS transistors of the memory cells. So, as it is impossible to form the silicide layers on the gate electrodes of the MOS transistors of the memory cells, an access time of the memory cells may be increased. Therefore, it is difficult to realize a high speed operation of the DRAM.
An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device including peripheral circuits and memory cells which are capable of realizing a high speed operation while securing a predetermined data-retention-time.
To achieve the object, in a semiconductor device having memory cells and peripheral circuits which control the memory cells, wherein the memory cells and the peripheral circuits are formed on a semiconductor substrate, source regions, drain regions and gate electrodes of MOS transistors in the peripheral circuits are comprised of a refractory metallic silicide layer. Gate electrodes of MOS transistors in the memory cells are comprised of the refractory metallic silicide and source and drain regions of the MOS transistors in the memory cells are not comprised of the refractory metallic silicide layer.
According to the present invention, a semiconductor device can be realized which includes peripheral circuits and memory cells which are capable of a high speed operation while securing a predetermined data-retention-time.

Semiconductor device including memory cells and manufacturing method thereof


Disclosed is a gas rate sensor system which provides an output signal representing an angular velocity of the gas rate sensor when the gas flows more on one of its thermal sensing elements than on the other due to the effect of the angular velocity on the gas flow. The gas rate sensor system can carry out an arithmetic operation for correction of gas rate sensor output signal by selectively using a preset value representing the change of the gas rate sensor output signal with temperature in the gas rate sensor.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a gas rate sensor system which is capable of detecting an angular velocity which has an effect on the gas rate sensor body.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In general, a gas rate sensor provides an output signal in response to any difference between the output signals supplied from a pair of thermal sensing elements, which difference appears when the gas flow ejected from a gas nozzle deviates to flow more on one of the thermal sensing elements than on the other due to the influence on the gas flow by an applied motion whose angular velocity is to be determined in terms of its speed and direction.
The angular velocity is determined by detecting a small inbalance in the heat dissipation from the pair of thermal sensing elements due to the deviation of the gas flow, and therefore the surrounding temperature change has a great effect on the sensitivity of the gas rate sensor, particularly an adverse effect of lowering the sensitivity of the gas rate sensor. This necessitates the use of temperature compensating means in the gas rate sensor.
In an attempt to reduce the adverse effect caused by the surrounding temperature the gas rate sensor is subjected to forced heating by using appropriate heaters, and the temperature within the gas rate sensor is detected by appropriate temperature sensors, and the temperature within the gas rate sensor is controlled so as to remain constant.
Disadvantageously, the sensitivity of the gas rate sensor and the offset value remain too unstable to provide correct output signal until the temperature within the gas rate sensor has reached a stable condition after connecting the electric heater to an associated power supply. Also, such forced heating makes it practically difficult to control the temperature within the gas rate sensor to the extent that it is assured that the gas rate sensor can provide a correct output signal.
With the above in mind one object of the present invention is to provide a gas rate sensor system which is capable of correcting the gas rate sensor output signal in a most appropriate way to meet the instantaneous temperature change within the gas rate sensor, allowing the temperature within the gas rate sensor to vary.
To attain this object a gas rate sensor which provides an output signal in response to any difference between the output signals supplied from a pair of thermal sensing elements, which difference is caused when the gas flow ejected from a gas nozzle deviates to flow more on one of the thermal sensing elements than on the other due to the influence of an anuglar velocity to be determined on the gas flow, is improved according to the present invention in that said gas rate sensor is equipped with: means to detect the temperature within the gas rate sensor; and means to carry out an arithmetic operation for correction of gas rate sensor output signals by selectively using present values representing changes of the gas rate sensor output signal with temperature.