A radar system including a base unit and a radar sensor. The sensor steers a beam in a scanning or tracking manner in both azimuth and elevation. Steering control in azimuth and elevation may be achieved based on configuration settings in the radar sensor processor. The pan-tilt setting may be configured remotely at the base unit. The sensor may include a camera to take panoramic images of the terrain surrounding the sensor, as well as objects-of-interest detected by the system. The sensor is able to transmit radar return information and camera images to the base unit. The base unit is able to display panoramic images and superimpose graphics illustrating a scan profile of the sensor in relationship to the surroundings. The beam steering profile can be controlled by graphically manipulating the profile on the display. This allows configuration of the scanning or tracking profile based on the sensor surroundings.

Radar detection systems are used in many applications. For example, radar detection systems are used to detect objects in the air, such as airplanes, helicopters, and other aircrafts. Similarly, radar detection systems are also used for detecting objects on the ground. For example, ground detection radar systems are sometimes used in security applications to alert for the presence of intruders, unfriendly combatants, and other unwanted parties and/or objects.
In the past, radar detection systems have been able to perform a continuous 360 degree azimuth scan of their proximate area to a limited range. However, such radar systems are capable of performing the azimuth scan only at a fixed elevation. Based on the surrounding terrain, scanning at a fixed elevation may not provide the desired coverage for that particular area. This is better explained with reference to the following example.
FIG. 1A illustrates a diagram of an exemplary radar coverage map view. In this example, a conventional radar system 100 is deployed in an area that has significant topographical variations. For example, an area of high elevation exists at azimuth angles of approximately 170 to 260 degrees relatively to the radar detection system 100. There is also an area of low elevation at azimuth angles of approximately 280 to 360 degrees relative to the radar detection system 100. The remaining area between azimuth angles 360 to 170 degrees has an elevation that varies by only a few degrees, and is generally an even-level area.
FIG. 1B illustrates a diagram of an exemplary radar coverage panoramic view of the conventional radar system 100. The panoramic view illustrates the high elevation area between azimuth angles 170 to 260 degrees, the low elevation area between azimuth angles 280 and 360 degrees, and the generally flat area between 360 and 170 degrees. As previously discussed, the conventional radar detection system 100 performs a scan at a constant elevation. The elevation is typically manually set during the deployment of the system 100. In this example, the panoramic view shows examples of three (3) constant elevation scans, Levels 1-3, that the conventional radar detection system 100 may be manually set to perform.
There are substantial drawbacks with the conventional radar detection system 100. For example, if the radar detection system 100 is manually set to scan along the higher Level 1 elevation, there may be objects-of-interest that are located at lower altitudes or on the ground that the system 100 may not be able to detect due to the radar beam passing above such objects-of-interest. If, on the other hand, the radar detection system 100 is manually set to scan along the medium-height Level 2 elevation, there may be objects-of-interest that are located above and below the scanning elevation that may not be detected, again because the objects-of-interest are not illuminated by the radar beam. Similarly, if the radar detection system 100 is manually set to scan along the lower Level 3, there may be objects-of-interest that are located at higher altitudes that the system 100 that may not be able to detect.
Thus, there is a need for an improved radar detection system.

Radar system with agile beam steering deflector


A computer tool allows a user to manipulate displayed content of a web page by a user device. The computer tool may be used to implement a collapsing, foldable browser that allows users to customize web content. The computer tool receives an indication of a user defined first portion of the content of a web page displayed by a browser, determines a remaining portion of the content of the web other than the first portion; and renders only the first user defined portion on a display screen of a display associated with the user device. An attribute may be associated with the first portion and displayed in proximity to the first portion to provide functions to manipulate the first portion within the display screen of the display associated with the user device. A menu may be associated with the attribute. The menu may include functions to allow toggling between display of only first portion and the first portion combined with a remaining portion, to minimize the browser, to close the browser to a file, and to expand display of only the first portion to display the browser window in addition to the first portion.

The Internet provides access to unprecedented amount of information and content. On the World Wide Web, users may access content provided by web pages on websites. A web page provides content or resource of information that is suitable for the World Wide Web. Typically a web page is accessed through a web browser running on a computer which renders the content for presentation to a user. The content is typically provided in an HTML or XHTML format and may provide navigation to other web pages via hypertext links.
Users of the Internet have numerous tools available for parsing and collecting content from web pages. User may bookmark web pages using social bookmarking content collection services, such as Digg, Kaboodle, AddThis, among others, to collect web content, RSS feeds, and Podcasts. These services generally allow users to collect content provided by a web publisher, but only in the form created, provided, or specified by the web publisher.
Generally a user accesses the content through a web browser. When a user views a web page using a convention Internet browser, the user may modify how the browser displays the content to a minimal extent. For example, the user can increase the size of the text displayed, maximize or minimize the browser, and adjust the size of the window displaying the content, scroll through content displayed, and may move the position of the browser display around the screen. When the window or display of the browser presents less than all of the content on a page, various browser functions (e.g., scroll bars) permit the user to manipulate the content displayed within the window or display. However, there are very few options for a user to customize web content provided by a content provider system, such as a website. In addition, it is very difficult for one user to share or direct another user to specific content of a website.

Universal content referencing, packaging, distribution system, and a tool for customizing web content


An embodiment includes a system comprising: first, second, and third word lines on a semiconductor material; first, second, and third channels; first, second, and third capacitors including a ferroelectric material; a bit line; first, second, third, fourth, and fifth semiconductor nodes, wherein the first semiconductor node couples the first capacitor to the first channel, the second semiconductor node couples the bit line to the first channel; the third semiconductor node couples the second capacitor to the second channel, the fourth semiconductor node couples the third capacitor to the third channel, and the fifth semiconductor node couples the bit line to the third channel; wherein the first channel has a long axis and a short axis; wherein the long axis intersects a continuous, uninterrupted portion of the semiconductor material from the first channel to the third channel.

Scaling of memory, such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), is challenging in part due to lithography constraints. For example, DRAM memory cells may include an access transistor and a capacitor. As those memory cells are more aggressively scaled, it becomes increasingly difficult for circuit designers to formulate memory arrays where operating one memory cell avoids undesirable interference with an adjacent memory cell. Such interference can result in, for example, the loss of data stored within the adjacent memory cell. To prevent this interference, the adjacent memory cells may be separated from each other using insulation techniques (e.g., shallow trench isolation (STI)). However, accurate location of such insulation materials between tightly spaced adjacent memory cells is increasingly difficult as scaling increases.

Memory array with ferroelectric elements


Disclosed is an apparatus for removing a vehicle door and replacing it by a single operator. The apparatus includes a base having two vertically adjustable supports and a set of casters for moving the apparatus along the floor. The vertically adjustable supports engage the vehicle door at its lower edge to support it. A vertically extending frame rests against one side of the door. The frame is adjustable along the base to accommodate doors of varying widths. A strap holds the door against the frame. Once the vehicle door is secured to the apparatus it can be removed from the vehicle and rolled away. The door is secured in a fixed position on the apparatus, such that it will remain in substantially the same position it was when it was removed from the vehicle, thus, making it easy to connect the door back on the vehicle.

During repair, maintenance and other body work on a vehicle it is often desirable to remove the vehicle doors from their hinge assemblies. This task has always been problematic in the past in that vehicle doors and the hinges used are not easily removable and replaceable, even with two or more people to assist one another. In the past, this operation has generally required two men in order to remove and replace these doors Even with two workmen the removal and replacement operation was problematic because of man hours utilized in actual alignment and realignment of the doors to make them operable again and also was inefficient since the workers will tend to socialize prior to, during and after completion of the job.
In the past vehicle doors were only removed when absolutely necessary. Because of this, maintenance on vehicle doors, such as removal and replacement of bushings, goes unchecked for the life of the automobile causing loose hinge fittings, rattling and the like. While these bushings could and should be replaced, owners are not likely to do the replacement because the cost is excessive. Also, body shops are adverse to performing the job because of the work hours and general hassle involved.
Therefore, there has been a need in the art to provide a mechanism which would assist a body shop worker in removing and realigning the doors to reduce the problematic nature of the operation.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle door removal apparatus which allows one man removal and realignment of a vehicle door in a simple operation.


A crossbar system for facilitating isolation of a sensor assembly from external vibrations of a support structure. The crossbar system comprises first and second crossbar assemblies and a payload mount, Each of the first and second crossbar assemblies comprises a crossbar segment and a slip plate damper. Each crossbar segment comprises a payload mount interface at a first end of the crossbar assembly and a first support structure interface at a second end of the crossbar assembly. Each slip plate damper is disposed about the crossbar segment and is slidably coupled to the crossbar segment to constrain movement in two lateral degrees of freedom and to facilitate movement in a longitudinal degree of freedom, Each slip plate damper comprises a second support structure interface at the second end of the crossbar assembly. The payload mount is coupled to the payload mount interfaces of the first and second crossbar assemblies.

Sensors, such as imaging sensors, can be mounted to mobile vehicles, such as aircraft, land vehicles, and watercraft using a payload system mount rotatably coupled to the vehicle. The payload system mount with its rotatable coupling can include at least two rotating joints. For example, a first rotating joint can allow azimuth rotation of the payload system mount while a second rotating joint coupled to the first rotating joint can allow elevational rotation of the payload system mount. A crossbar system can be coupled to the payload system mount and can support a sensor assembly (e.g., an imaging assembly or system) in isolation. The sensor assembly can be mounted at a central location of the crossbar system and a first and second end of the crossbar system can be coupled to the payload system mount. Thus, the first rotating joint can be configured to facilitate azimuth rotation of the sensor assembly, and the second rotating joint can be configured to facilitate elevational rotation of the sensor assembly.
The crossbar system is configured to transmit motion of the payload system mount to the sensor assembly. However, it is not desirable to transmit all motion to the sensor assembly. For example, sensors can be sensitive to vibration and sudden acceleration (e.g., due to shock or other loads) and can experience a loss of resolution when subjected to these. For example, vehicles experience accelerations and vibrations during operation that can be detrimental to the functioning of the sensor. These accelerations and vibrations, if not isolated and damped, can be transmitted from the vehicle through the payload mount system to the sensor assembly and the sensor payload.
Reference will now be made to the examples illustrated, and specific language will be used herein to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended.

Internally damped crossbar assembly having a slip plate damper


A method of producing a patterned mirror on a transparent conductive substrate comprises the steps of; coating a layer of conductive material onto a substrate, coating a layer of metal onto the layer of conductive material, coating a layer of photoresist onto the layer of metal, curing the layer of photoresist, exposing a desired pattern of transparent conductors through a first mask onto the layer of photoresist, developing the photoresist and simultaneously etching the layer of the conductive material and the layer of metal, exposing a desired pattern of metal conductors through a second mask onto the remaining layer of photoresist, developing the photoresist and etching the layer of metal.

Digital pixelated non-emissive displays require conductive tracks running to the electrodes at every pixel to address the display. The display can be transparent and lit from behind or rely on a reflector on one side, using ambient light to view the device. In the case of displays which are illuminated from behind, the tracks carrying the current must be substantially transparent over the viewing area. They may be made of an organic conductor such as polythiophene, a derivative of polythiophene, which may be mixed with other components or an inorganic conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO). The track and electrode pattern may be formed in any suitable manner such as photolithography and then etched with a suitable etchant. However, these 'conductive' materials have a relatively large resistance when used to form transparent conductors and this resistance will impair the operation of a display, especially if the display is large.
A means of overcoming this is to put a conducting metal over part of these tracks to reduce the resistance. This reduces the light passing through the pixels. The area covered by the metal is kept to a minimum. If the display is backlit, the effect of the metal conductors can be partially overcome by making them reflective. Any light hitting the metal conductor would then be reflected back into the light box or light guide instead of being absorbed.
In the case of a light box, it is necessary that the metal conductor be highly reflective but not necessarily highly specular. However, to reduce the thickness of the display, especially, for example, in portable high resolution displays, it is common practice to use edge lighting of a planar wave guide structure which is designed to leak some of the light from one side of the light-guide and uniformly illuminate the display. In this case it is important that the reflection from the metal conductor be specular to avoid breaking the wave guiding conditions and causing light leakage which would reduce both the efficiency and the uniformity of the backlight. Therefore, a reflective metal conductor with a good mirror finish on the ITO substrate would be advantageous in both cases. This metal is often coated by vacuum deposition or sputtering and then subsequently laser etched. This process is slow and requires the formation of a good vacuum around the material. This puts a limit on the practical size of rigid transparent substrates such as glass or requires a rolled up flexible substrate to be rolled and unrolled within the vacuum.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,774,965 discloses a combination of metal and transparent conductors. This document teaches the use of ITO as the transmissive electrode and the use of a top metallic reflective conductor to reflect light from the surroundings to give a transflective display. U.S. Pat. No. 6,774,965 does not teach the use of the metallic conductor to reflect light back into the light box behind the display and indeed creates structure behind the reflecting electrodes that absorb light. The method of manufacture is consecutive and new resist steps, dry or wet are implied at each stage.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Method of forming a patterned conductive structure


A ride on/ride off dirt bike stand for use with dirt bikes that do not come with a kickstand attached to the dirt bike for parking the dirt bike when not in use, such as motocross, rally, trials and/or track bikes. The dirt bike stand is free standing and includes an upper frame pivotally connected to a base frame, such that the upper frame may be pivoted and secured between an upright position and a lowered position. The upper frame may be height adjustable so that the dirt bike stand may be utilized with different dirt bikes having differing chassis heights. Also, the upper frame may include a rotatable platform to provide a greater surface area for supporting the dirt bike.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to a dirt bike stand and method of use thereof, and more particularly to a ride on/ride off dirt bike stand for use with dirt bikes that do not come with a kickstand attached to the dirt bike for parking the dirt bike when not in use, such as motocross, rally, trials and/or track bikes.
2. Description of the Related Art
Dirt bikes and other types of off-road motorcycles need to be periodically examined for maintenance and service purposes. Unlike automobiles, much of the maintenance of a dirt bike is carried out in the owner's garage. The maintenance procedure may include thoroughly checking all of the different components of the dirt bike, and as such, may require parts to be adjusted or even replaced. However, the inaccessibility of the underside to the dirt bike due to its close proximity to the floor makes it difficult to maintain and service the dirt bike when it is inoperable or when the engine is turned off.
During service and maintenance procedures, the only way to access the underside of the chassis, such as for oil changes, is to either lay the dirt bike on its side or to kneel or lie down in an awkward and/or uncomfortable position next to the dirt bike. Since dirt bikes do not come with a kickstand attached to the underside of the chassis, the dirt bike must be manually lifted onto a stand or to slide a stand under the dirt bike. Many different types of stands have been invented to try to keep dirt bikes or other off-road motorcycles in an upright position while simultaneously raising it off the ground. For example, numerous prior art stands have been disclosed which elevate dirt bikes off the floor to a level that is more convenient for accessing the underside of the chassis. The lifts include milk crate type-stands or lift-type stands, such as scissor-type jacks which are mechanically, hydraulically or electrically actuated.
It is therefore desirable to provide a dirt bike stand having full ride on and ride off capabilities.
It is further desirable to provide a dirt bike stand that supports a dirt bike or other off-road motorcycle that does not have a kickstand attached for access to the underside of the chassis.
It is still further desirable to provide a ride on/ride off dirt bike stand that is constructed to support dirt bikes in a stable and elevated position so that the chassis can be accessed for maintenance and service procedures.
It is yet further desirable to provide a ride on/ride off dirt bike stand that may be easily stowed and moved to different locations and that is economical to manufacture.
It is yet further desirable to provide a ride on/ride off dirt bike stand that is free standing, and not attached to the dirt bike, such that a person can ride onto and park the dirt bike, and when the person is ready to ride again, he/she can simply climb back on the dirt bike while it is still on the stand, start the dirt bike, and ride the dirt bike off the dirt bike stand.
It is yet further desirable to provide a dirt bike stand that allows a tired younger or older rider to not to have to manually lift their dirt bike onto a stand or fight with a lift stand after a hard ride or race.
It is yet further desirable to provide a ride on/ride off dirt bike stand that can be locked in a lowered position to create a low profile design for storage and transfer to and from the track or trail riding locations.
It is yet further desirable to provide a dirt bike stand that can be locked in an upright position for working on the dirt bike either in the field or shop and storage of the dirt bike in the shop.
It is yet further desirable to provide a dirt bike stand having height adjustment capabilities so that a person can use the dirt bike stand on different sized dirt bikes, such as when a child rider grows older and changes dirt bikes, without having to buy a new dirt bike stand for each size change.

Dirt bike stand and method of use thereof


A refrigerator comprising a refrigerator body and a door body. The refrigerator body comprises a fixed hinge and a movable hinge. One extremity of the fixed hinge is fixed on the refrigerator body; the other extremity protrudes the refrigerator body and is provided with a guide shaft protruding towards the door body. A guide groove used for fitting the guide shaft is provided on the door body. The guide groove comprises a first groove. One extremity of the movable hinge is pivotally connected to the refrigerator body by employing a first rotating shaft and a first rotating groove; the other extremity protrudes the refrigerator body and is pivotally connected to the door body by employing a second rotating shaft and a second rotating groove.

In a conventional side-by-side refrigerator, a reversible vertical beam is disposed on a door body at one side to seal a gap between two door bodies, such that cold air is prevented from escaping. In order to ensure that the vertical beam can be normally overturned, enough space has to be reserved around it. However, in this case, not only is the storage space of the refrigerator reduced, but also taking and placing of food by a user will be adversely affected. In addition, after the refrigerator is transported or a user uses it for a long time, the door bodies and the vertical beam may sink, which results in a poor match between the vertical beam and a refrigerator body of the refrigerator. Further, such problems as escaping of cold air may be caused.
In view of this, it is necessary to improve the conventional refrigerator to solve the above-mentioned problems.


The present invention can provide a methacrylic resin which has excellent transparency and color and less defects such as fish eyes and thus suitable for optical films by adding (A) a polymeric dispersant represented by formula (1) below and (B) an inorganic salt and/or organic salt selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts when methyl methacrylate alone or a monomer mixture containing methyl methacrylate as one component is subjected to suspension-polymerization:

Methacrylic resin has been widely used for automobile parts, optical components and the like because it has excellent optical properties in combination with remarkable weather resistance and high mechanical properties. These parts and components are required to have high transparency and chromaticity.
Examples of methods for producing methacrylic resin include bulk polymerization, solution polymerization and suspension polymerization methods. Generally, in order to produce methacrylic resin with excellent transparency and less impurities, bulk polymerization and solution polymerization are preferably used, but suspension polymerization has now been frequently used because it is easy to change varieties and thus suitable for the production of a wide variety of products in small quantities.
Conventionally, in the case of producing methacrylic resin with a suspension polymerization method, polymeric dispersants such as polyvinyl alcohol or poor water solubility inorganic salts such as calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and magnesium pyrophosphate have been used as a dispersion stabilizer.
However, the use of methacrylic resin particles produced using a polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic salt for the production of an optical component such as a film usable for a liquid crystal display or a light guide plate causes the dispersant incorporated in the fine particles of the resin to raise problems such as clouding, yellowing, or fish eyes. That is, in the field of optics where high transparency is required, a resin produced using a conventional dispersant cannot be used. A dispersant has been, therefore, desired, which does not impair the original transparency of a resin when shaped and contributes to the stable production of particles upon suspension polymerization.
Upon production of resin for optical applications with a suspension polymerization method, the use of sodium p-styrenesulfonate as a dispersant has also been known, but is not suitable for optical applications where excellent chromaticity is required because the resulting resin colors to yellow (for example, see Patent Literature 1 below).

Method for producing methacrylic resin for optical film

Abstract: (n=10 to 60 mol %, m=40 to 90 mol %, R1 is hydrogen or a methyl group, R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and M is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or NH4.)


Provided is a seamless polishing pad comprising a seamless polishing layer having a substantially uniform depth of penetration into a porous subpad. In one embodiment, the polishing pad comprises a polishing layer produced by applying to the subpad a hardenable fluid. In another embodiment, the subpad is coated with a barrier before coating with the hardenable fluid. In each embodiment, the depth of penetration of the polishing layer and/or barrier is substantially uniform. Also provided is a method of producing a seamless polishing pad comprising a seamless polishing layer having a substantially uniform depth of penetration into a porous subpad.

Silicon wafers are produced as precursors from which microelectronic semiconductor components are produced. The wafers are cleaved from cylindrical silicon crystals, parallel to their major surfaces, to produce thin disks, typically 20-30 cm in diameter. The resulting wafers must be polished to give flat and planar surfaces for proper formation of electronic components to form integrated chip semiconductor devices. Typically, a 20-cm diameter wafer will produce 100 or more microprocessor chips.
The designed size of such integrated chips is steadily decreasing, while the number of layers applied, e.g. by various sequences of depositing, patterning, and etching of features onto the silicon surface, is rising. Present semiconductors typically incorporate up to 7 or 8 metal layers, and it is expected that future designs will contain even more layers. The decrease in the size of circuitry and the increase in the number of layers applied are leading to ever more stringent requirements on the smoothness and planarity of the silicon and semiconductor wafers throughout the chip manufacturing process, since uneven surfaces may undermine the patterning process and the general integrity of the resulting circuit.
The standard wafer polishing technique in use at present is to position a wafer over a rotating polishing pad that is usually disk shaped, and is mounted on a large turntable. A chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) slurry is usually applied to the surface of the pad, and the wafer is held in place by an overhead wafer carrier whilst being polished by the rotating pad and slurry. This is an adaptation of optical polishing technology used for polishing lenses, mirrors, and other optical components.
A significantly different approach is so-called Linear Planarization Technology (LPT), wherein the polishing pad is mounted onto a supporting belt. One such pad and belt combination, described in EP-A-0696495, comprises a conventional flat polyurethane polishing pad glued to a lower belt of sheet steel or other high strength material.
A disadvantage of such prior art polishing pads is that they often contain seams. A polishing pad is often subject to delamination at its seams. Moreover, the seams can mar the surface of a polished article, and can limit the ability of a pad to polish the article to a high degree of planarity. A large pad made from two or more smaller pads will have one or more seams at the junctions of the smaller pads. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,179,950 (Zhang et al). Also, whenever the ends of an elongated pad are joined to create a belt, the belt contains a seam at the junction. See, e.g., WO 01/83167 (Eppert et al.)
One way to solve the seam problem is to directly create the polishing layer in the size and shape desired. That may be accomplished by, e.g., casting a continuous, seamless polishing layer having the desired dimensions. See, e.g., WO 99/06182 (Dudovicz et al).
Wafer polishing using either the rotating disk or endless belt techniques typically involves stacking a hard polishing layer onto a rigid support. For example, the platen beneath a rotating polishing disk typically comprises steel, and an endless polishing belt typically comprises a stainless steel supporting belt. For that reason, it is often desirable to incorporate into the polishing pad a relatively soft, compressible subpad below the polishing layer. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,228 (Pasch). In use, the compressible subpad is sandwiched between the polishing layer and the steel platen or belt support, which allows the hard polishing layer to better conform to the surface of the wafer.
According to prior art construction methods, where seams can be a problem, a polishing layer is attached to a compressible subpad using, e.g., double sided tape, and the stacked pad is attached to the steel platen or stainless steel belt in the same manner. We have found that when a seamless polishing layer is created directly over a compressible subpad by coating it with a hardenable fluid, the hardenable fluid generally penetrates into the porous subpad. This causes air to be displaced from the subpad into the hardenable fluid, which can create voids in the hardened polishing layer. Moreover, the fluid often penetrates to different depths at different locations throughout the subpad, and from subpad to subpad. Consequently, the hardened polishing layer created in these pads varies in thickness, as does the thickness of the unpenetrated portion of the subpad below the hardened polishing layer. The polishing layer voids and the variability in the thickness of the hardened polishing layer and of the subpad material thereunder cause a corresponding variability in the compressibility of the polishing pad. As discussed earlier in connection with the seam problem, when the properties of the polishing pad are not uniform, it can limit the pad's ability to impart uniform levels of smoothness and planarity to a polished item, whether it be a silicon wafer, an optical component, or another article.
Consequently, a need exists for a polishing pad including a seamless polishing layer having a substantially uniform depth of penetration into a porous subpad, and for a method of making the seamless, porous subpad-containing polishing pad from a hardenable fluid.

Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials CMP Holdings, Inc.


For a sampled signal, storing characteristic points generated based on parameters corresponding to curvature of the signal. The characteristic points include a time of occurrence of a lobe in a curvature series based on the signal and a corresponding amplitude of the signal. The characteristic points provide a compressed version of the sampled signal. The signal is reconstructed by establishing a function between a chronological sequence of characteristic points. For a repetitive signal, the stored data includes a code to indicate a time of reoccurrence of a previous cycle or data corresponding to differences between a previous cycle and a current cycle.

Implantable cardiac rhythm management devices typically monitor and process cardiac signals to provide therapy to the heart. Therapy may include delivering a pacing pulse to trigger a contraction of the heart or delivering a defibrillation shock to interrupt an abnormal heart rhythm. Some cardiac rhythm management devices also monitor cardiac performance or other physiological parameters for use in controlling the delivery of pacing pulses.
There exists an unmet need for providing improved data storage systems, devices, and methods to provide better diagnosis or treatment of patients.

Signal compression based on curvature parameters


A knock box including an inlet end and a discharge end. The knock box includes a vertically movable discharge gate at one side thereof. The knock box also includes a laterally movable squeeze panel or push-out panel which narrows the interior of the box for smaller animals and which may be used to push an animal outwardly through the discharge opening when the discharge gate is in its open position.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a knock or knocking box. More particularly, this invention relates to a knock box wherein animals such as cattle, pigs, sheep or goats are either shot or stunned.
2. Description of the Related Art
Many types of confinement knock or knocking boxes have been previously provided wherein livestock such as cattle, sheep, pigs or goats are confined therein to enable the livestock to be shot or stunned prior to being butchered. First, the prior art knock boxes are very expensive to manufacture. Second, the prior art knock boxes do not satisfactorily stabilize or restrain the animal therein once the animal has entered the knock box. Third, the prior art boxes are not able to accommodate both large animals such as cattle as well as smaller animals such as pigs, etc. Fourth, the prior art knock boxes do not provide a satisfactory means to remove the animal from the knock box after the animal has been shot or stunned therein. Fifth, the prior art knock boxes are difficult to clean after the animal has been ejected therefrom.


A hand tool includes first and second lever members which intersect and have aligned openings therethrough in which is received a flexural pivot assembly, including a pair of cylindrical members respectively disposed in the lever member openings and respectively fixed to the lever members for movement therewith. In one embodiment the cylindrical members of the pivot assembly are press fitted directly in the openings of the lever members. In another embodiment, bushings are press-fitted in the openings between the lever members and the cylindrical members. A spacer is disposed between the cylindrical members to prevent their axial movement toward each other, and the spacer may extend between the lever members and has a very low coefficient friction so as not to impede pivotal movement of the levers.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to pivotal hand tools, such as pliers, cutters and the like and, in particular, to pivot joints for such tools.
2. Description of the Prior Art
There are many types of pivotal hand tools, such as various types of pliers and cutters, and they all typically include a pair of lever members each having a handle portion at one end and a jaw portion at the other end and arranged in intersecting relationship for pivotal movement about a pivot axis through a point of interconnection so that the jaw portions cooperate with each other. Various types of pivot joints are provided for such hand tools. A common type of joint includes arranging the lever members in overlapping relationship with aligned openings therethrough and a pivot post extending through the aligned openings. The post may be in the form of a rivet, interlocking threaded fasteners and the like. In such pivot joints, the lever members are moveable relative to one or more parts of the pivot joint, causing frictional wear which results in loosening of the joint and difficulty in maintaining control and tolerances. In order to minimize such wear, it is frequently necessary to lubricate such prior pivot joints.
Furthermore, in pivotal hand tools such as cutters and the like, it is necessary that the jaws and handles be normally biased to an open condition, which necessitates the use of separate bias means. This adds to the complexity and expense of manufacture and assembly of the tool.
It is known to use flexural pivot assemblies in certain types of pivotal devices. Such pivot assemblies include a pair of cylindrical members and two thin flexural leaf spring elements disposed in crossed but non-contacting relationship in the cylindrical members, with each spring element having edge portions respectively fixed to the cylindrical members. The spring elements have very low column strength and are easily subject to damage during mounting of the flexural pivot assembly in associated bodies which are to be pivotally movable with respect to each other.

Pivotal hand tool with flexural pivot joint and method of assembling same


The receiving apparatus of a spotlight mapping radar system is provided with a digital beamforming antenna capable of converting the echo signals received by a plurality of antenna elements into corresponding digital signals and processing them by DFT and forming a plurality of reception beams oriented in different directions at the same time to enhance the cross-range resolution without reducing the distance measurement capability and the measurable range. Pulse compressors, azimuth compressors, display buffers and reference signal generators are provided respectively for each of the outputs of the digital beamforming antenna for outputting the plurality of reception beams. An output picture synthesizing apparatus synthesizes signals representing the picture information from the respective display buffers and outputs the synthesized signals to a display to display thereon the synthesized picture of an object to be observed.

1. Technical Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a spotlight mapping radar system which is provided on a radar platform attached to an air vehicle such as an artificial satellite, an aircraft and the like, and is adapted to obtain the image of a stationary object to be observed which is situated on the ground or surface of the sea by utilizing a beam stabilizing function.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The spotlight mapping radar system of this type according to the prior art is described in detail for example in Brookener, E. ed. "Radar Technology", chapter 18, Artech House., 1976. In this book, the constitution and the principle of this system is summarized as below.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a spotlight mapping radar system according to the prior art. FIGS. 2 to 4 are intended to explain the operating principle and the working of the mapping system.
In FIGS. 1 to 4, numeral 1 designates a transmitter, numeral 2 a duplexer, numeral 3 an antenna, numeral 4 a receiver, numeral 5 a pulse compressor, numeral 6 an azimuth compressor, numeral 7 a display buffer, numeral 9 a display, numeral 10 a reference signal generator, numeral 11 an inertial navigation system, numeral 12 an antenna driving apparatus, numeral 13 a transmission signal, numeral 14 a received signal, numeral 15 an object to be observed, numeral 16 one spot in the object 15 to be observed, numeral 17 an antenna beam, and numeral 18 an air vehicle on which the spotlight mapping radar system is installed.
The antenna 3 is oriented by the antenna driving apparatus 12 toward the object 15 to be observed in accordance with the location and the speed of the air vehicle 18 which are measured by the inertial navigation system 11. Subsequently, the transmitted pulse signal generated by the transmitter 1 is emitted as a transmitted signal (in the form of a radio wave) by way of the duplexer 2 and the antenna 3 toward the stationary object 15 to be observed which is situated on the ground or surface of the sea. The transmitted signals 13 are reflected by the object 15 to be observed and received by the antenna 3 as the received signal 14 (or an echo signal). The received signal 14 is input into the receiver 4 by way of the duplexer 2. The receiver 4 amplifies the received signal 14 in the form of a radio frequency wave, detects it, and converts the detected signal into a video signal in a baseband. This video signal is input into the pulse compressor 5 and is processed by means of pulse compression in order to enhance the range resolution. The pulse compression enables the resolution in the direction perpendicular to the direction of flight or the distance (that is range) direction to be enhanced. In this case, the range resolution .DELTA.R is expressed by the equation: ##EQU1## (wherein C is the velocity of light and .tau. is the pulse width after pulse compression). Subsequently, the video signal is input into the azimuth compressor 6 so that the cross-range resolution in the flying direction or the azimuth direction of the air vehicle 18 can be enhanced. Azimuth compression is attained by utilizing the Doppler effect caused by movement of the air vehicle 18 with the spotlight mapping radar system installed thereon.
Suppose that the air vehicle 18 shown in FIG. 2 is moving in the rectilinear direction at a constant speed v, and one point 16 in the object 15 to be observed is located at the distance R.sub.0 and the squint angle .theta..sub.0 when the time t=0. At this instance, the relative distance R(t) between the air vehicle 18 and the point 16 at the time of t is expressed by the equation: ##EQU2## Accordingly, the instantaneous Doppler frequency fd(t) of the reception signal is provided by employing the transmission wave length of .lambda.; ##EQU3## As can clearly be seen from the third equation, the reception signal is a chirp signal in which the instantaneous Doppler frequency varies as the time t varies. In this case, since the parameters such as .lambda., R.sub.0, .theta..sub.0, v in the third equation are known or can be measured by the inertial navigation system 11, the history of variation of the Doppler frequency of the spot 16 corresponding to lapse of time or the Doppler history can be calculated by the reference signal generator 10. Accordingly, azimuth compression is made available for each range in a similar manner to pulse compression by correlating a series of reception signals with the reference signal generated by the reference signal generator 10.
In general, .theta..sub.0 is set as .theta..sub.0 =.pi./2 in a spotlight mapping radar system. At this time, the synthetic aperture time T is determined, not by the antenna beam width .theta..sub.B but by the variable range .theta..sub.S of the azimuth angle of the antenna driving apparatus 12 (in the case where the boresight direction of the antenna beam is movable in the range from (.pi.-.theta..sub.S)/2 to (.pi.+.theta..sub.S)/2 on the basis of the flying direction of the air vehicle 18) and is expressed by the equation; ##EQU4## Supposing that the synthetic aperture time is T, the crossrange resolution .DELTA.r can be expressed by the equation; ##EQU5##
Processed as above described, the reception signal of which resolution has been enhanced in both range direction and azimuth direction is stored in the display buffer 7 as the picture information and displayed on the display 9 as two dimensional radar picture images.
The required pulse repetition frequency PRF is expressed by the equation; ##EQU6##
As can clearly be seen from the fifth equation, the longer the synthetic aperture time T is, the more the crossrange resolution .DELTA.r may be enhanced. On the other hand, the observation range may be decided by the products R.theta..sub.B of the beam width .theta..sub.B and the distance R. Accordingly, if the observation time T which is identical to the synthetic aperture time T is equal to or less than the time when the radar platform (or the air vehicle) passes, that is R.theta..sub.B /v, the observation regions are consecutive as shown in FIG. 3. However, if the observation time T is extended to more than R.theta..sub.B /v, the observation regions become discontinuous as shown in FIG. 4. In order to prevent discontinuity of said observation regions; if the beam width .theta..sub.B is extended and the observation time T is also extended while the limitation of T.ltoreq.R.theta..sub.B /v is satisfied, then the pulse repetition frequency PRF must be made higher as can clearly be seen by the sixth equation, and as a result, range ambiguity is caused so that observation of a remote region is impossible.


An information handling system may include a management controller configured to provide out-of-band management of the information handling system. The management controller may be configured to: receive a user indication of a desired interface; and set a target readiness level based on the user indication. Upon a subsequent boot of the management controller, the target readiness level may be configured to cause the management controller to prioritize initialization of the desired interface such that the desired interface is made ready prior to a different, non-desired interface.

As the value and use of information continues to increase, individuals and businesses seek additional ways to process and store information. One option available to users is information handling systems. An information handling system generally processes, compiles, stores, and/or communicates information or data for business, personal, or other purposes thereby allowing users to take advantage of the value of the information. Because technology and information handling needs and requirements vary between different users or applications, information handling systems may also vary regarding what information is handled, how the information is handled, how much information is processed, stored, or communicated, and how quickly and efficiently the information may be processed, stored, or communicated. The variations in information handling systems allow for information handling systems to be general or configured for a specific user or specific use such as financial transaction processing, airline reservations, enterprise data storage, or global communications. In addition, information handling systems may include a variety of hardware and software components that may be configured to process, store, and communicate information and may include one or more computer systems, data storage systems, and networking systems.
Traditionally, the firmware-based environments for management controllers such as baseboard management controllers (BMCs) have implemented a single boot path. In such a single boot path, several firmware components may be booted in a specific order of dependencies to eventually achieve a fully functional booted image with various interfaces that are ready to process user requests. For example, such interfaces may include a graphical user interface (GUI), a command line user interface, Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI), Secure Shell (SSH), Remote Access Controller Administration (RACADM), Web Services-Management (WS-MAN), Redfish, etc.
However, some users (e.g., users that deploy information handling systems in varying environments) would prefer to have a specific interface ready as soon as possible in the boot process compared to other interfaces or compared to the full system being ready. For example, customers that make heavy use of IPMI might prefer to have IPMI ready early in the boot, so that their management scripts can start interacting with the management controller sooner. Other customers may have different interface needs like Redfish, remote RACADM, etc. Further, some customers may prefer to disable certain interfaces altogether (e.g., disabling unused interfaces for security reasons).
To cater to such varying requirements, developers may spend significant time in rearranging the boot time service dependencies and generating a new firmware image such that a targeted interface gets higher priority for that specific release. It would be advantageous if users could more easily specify important components to have them ready earlier in the boot process. For example, some embodiments of this disclosure may provide users with the ability to specify the desired boot path such that important interfaces are made ready toward the beginning of the path.
It should be noted that the discussion of a technique in the Background section of this disclosure does not constitute an admission of prior-art status. No such admissions are made herein, unless clearly and unambiguously identified as such.


A floating point unit includes a rounding unit that rounds the two least significant bits of a sum. After a sum of the two mantissas is generated the at least one least significant bit is separated from the sum. When addition is performed, two least significant bits are separated from the sum. A half add unit may be used to generate the sum along with a set of carry data, and thus at least one least significant bit of the carry data is also separated. A rounding unit receives the separated at least one least significant bit of the sum and carry data and produces a carry in bit as well as rounded at least one least significant bit. The sum and carry data are then summed in a later stage of the floating point unit to form both a unincremented sum and an incremented sum, which are stored in a multiplexer. The carry in bit is used to select one of the unincremented sum and incremented sum. The rounded at least one least significant bit produced by the rounding unit is then united with the selected one of the unincremented sum and incremented sum.

As is well-known in the art, arithmetic logic units often perform data processing in a floating point format. Floating point units can be used to perform high precision arithmetic calculations on real, integer, and BCD integers. Moreover, floating point units can be used to perform conversion of numbers between floating point and integer formats.
According to IEEE standard 754, floating point numbers are divided into three sections or fields: a sign field, an exponent field, and a significand or mantissa field. Each field has a finite number of bits, e.g., a mantissa field in an extended precision format has 64 bits. During arithmetic operations that produce a result with a number of bits greater than the number of bits in the field, it is necessary to round the result to fit within the field.
Conventionally, in a floating point unit addition and subtraction operations are performed serially with the rounding operation. Typically, the mantissa of the operands are first normalized, a carry propagate add derives an unrounded result, and a rounding unit inspects the unrounded result and other bits, such as the sticky bit and rounding bit, to determine if it is necessary to round up or round down to obtain the final result. The unrounded result from the carry propagate adder is then incremented if the rounding unit indicates that is necessary. Each of the operations performed by the floating point unit to obtain the final result requires a finite amount of time. Because the steps are performed serially, the process is slow. Moreover, the use of a carry propagate adder is costly because it requires a large amount of area on the chip.
Thus, there is need for a floating point unit that performs arithmetic operations, such as addition and subtraction, in a non-serial manner to obtain a final result in an efficient manner. Further, there is a need for a floating point unit that performs arithmetic operations while avoiding the use of a carry propagate adder.

Floating point arithmetic logic unit rounding using at least one least significant bit


The present invention discloses encapsulant materials for use in glob top and/or dam and fill applications comprising base oligomer/monomers preferably having an acrylated/methacrylated or vinylene-containing oligomer/polymer, one or more multifunctional acrylate monomers, one or more thixotropic agents and, optionally, fillers, additives, photoinitiators and/or pigments. The encapsulant has low levels of water absorption and shrinkage.

Encapsulation materials have been utilized for many years to protect electronic components from mechanical stresses, humidity and other potentially threatening conditions. Such encapsulants are commonly used in electronic devices containing silicon chips, boards, and connection wires. The encapsulant is usually applied to the component in a fluid state and cured via exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, and/or by heating.
Two methods of deposition of the encapsulation material are commonly utilized. The first method is the glob top method in which the encapsulant is deposited directly on top of the electronic component and allowed to cure such that the entire component is protected. The second method is the dam and fill method. In the dam and fill method a more thixotropic material (the dam material) is deposited around the perimeter of an electronic component to be protected to create a barrier. The dam material remains immobile after deposition. A less thixotropic, more liquid material (the fill material) is placed over the electronic component within the barrier created by the dam material. The fill material preferably has a very high flow so that it can protect dies with very small pitch sizes. Both the dam and fill material may be cured via exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, through heating, or by a combination of any of these methods. Despite the desired differences in properties, currently commercially available encapsulants provide similar formulations for both the dam and fill material.
Several properties are particular important in providing an encapsulant material. Foremost, it is useful that the encapsulant have a high Tg. The thermal expansion of acrylates, epoxies and other resin systems is greatly increased at temperatures above the Tg. The thermal expansion is relatively low at temperatures under the Tg. High thermal expansion results in part failure during temperature cycling. In addition, it is important that the encapsulant not be tacky after curing. Further, as shrinkage causes stress after cure, it is desirable that the encapsulant has minimal shrinkage during cure. Finally, the rheology of the encapsulant should be such that the encapsulant is easily dispensed and stable for as long a time as possible, preferably at least six months.
It would be advantageous to provide encapsulant materials having the properties set forth above for both the dam and the fill components of the encapsulant. These materials would have the different properties desired for each specific application.


A lighting arrangement can include a casing, a mounting bracket, a plurality of light emitting diodes, and a driving circuit. The casing can have a perimeter wall extending about a central axis and bottom lip projecting from the perimeter wall. The mounting bracket can be configured to be affixed to a ceiling. A cavity can be defined vertically between the bottom lip and the mounting bracket and defined radially by the perimeter wall. The driving circuit can be configured to power the plurality of light emitting diodes with AC power. The driving circuit can be transformer-less and include a powering circuit portion electronically communicating with the plurality of light emitting diodes. The driving circuit is disposed in the cavity.

1. Field
The present disclosure relates to structures operable to emit light.
2. Description of Related Prior Art
U.S. Pat. No. 8,376,777 discloses a QUICK MOUNTING DEVICE WITH MODULES. The quick mounting device for appliances is alleged to be quickly and easily engaged and disengaged mechanically without the use of tools.
The background description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent it is described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.


A method and apparatus are provided for combusting a gaseous fuel in molten salt to generate a heated recirculating salt bath for melting aluminum. Combustion products are prevented from directly contacting aluminum. Gaseous fuel is introduced into a chamber containing the molten salt bath through a lance beneath its surface. The combusting gas heats the salt bath and causes an upward flow. At the top of the chamber, combustion products separate from the molten salt, which then flows downward into a second chamber. In one embodiment of the invention, aluminum is introduced into the downward-flowing salt bath of the second chamber. Molten aluminum settles in the less-dense downward-flowing salt bath, which recirculates from the second chamber to the first chamber for reheating. A second embodiment utilizes an additional chamber in which the heated molten salt is flowed upward to enable counter-current contact of heated molten salt with aluminum. The aluminum melts and settles downward against the upward-flowing molten salt within the additional chamber, and the molten salt recirculates through a fourth chamber to the bottom of the first chamber for reheating.

This invention relates to the field of melting aluminum. Current melting technology for aluminum is based largely on the reverberatory furnace which uses natural gas or other energy forms to heat aluminum. The generated heat is transferred to the aluminum by means of radiation and convection between gas and solid materials. However, this process is inefficient because it results in high gas consumption, large volume of combustion products or "off gases," and long processing times.
A bath of molten salt has been used to heat metals such as steel and its alloys. The use of a bath of molten salt as a medium for transferring heat from a heat source to the aluminum to be melted has an advantage over the reverbatory furnace in that the heat convection from the molten salt to the solid aluminum is more thermally efficient than the use of gas to transfer heat to the solid aluminum. Molten salts or fluxes have been proposed as mediums for refining or heating aluminum and alloys thereof in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,038,068, 4,511,398, 4,568,430, 4,576,690, and 4,761,207. The processes described in these patents are generally associated with disadvantages, such as adjustments which are required of the salt bath composition, complexity of procedures used for separating aluminum from the molten salt, complexity of procedures for removing contaminants from molten salt, and the number of steps in which affirmative action or electrochemical intervention is required to maintain overall continuity of the process. Moreover, none of these processes particularly address the need for an inexpensive and efficient means for heating the salt bath by natural gas in connection with transferring the generated heat through an efficient and practical means to solid aluminum. A need therefore exists for a melter which combines thermal efficiency and compactness of design.

Gas-fired aluminum melter having recirculating molten salt bath and process


A detector for detecting an agent within an aerosol is provided. The detector may include a liquid feeder configured to generate a droplet comprised of an assay reagent. The detector may further include an aerosol focuser configured to capture and focus the aerosol such that the aerosol is configured to be encapsulated within the droplet in order to cause the assay reagent to react in the droplet. The detector may even further include an interrogator configured to interrogate the droplet in order to detect the agent within the aerosol.

Rapid identification of agents is crucial in the event of terrorist attacks or disease outbreaks. Current identification methods, however, require transporting samples to laboratories and may take upwards of several days to detect and identify the agents. Accordingly, precautionary measures such as shutting down entire cities and quarantining large amounts of people may be required if an agent is suspected. Moreover, current agent detection methods typically have low sensitivity and require expensive consumption of reagents.

Detector and method for detecting an agent in an aerosol


An elevator system includes an elevator car support displaceable in a travel area provided for the travel of the elevator car support, and a first elevator car and a second elevator car, each car adjustably disposed on the elevator car support. A drive unit is further disposed on the elevator car support. A belt is also provided. The first elevator car and the second elevator car are thereby adjustable in opposite directions by the drive unit by the belt relative to the elevator car support.

JP 2007-331871 A discloses a double-decker elevator. The known elevator has a car frame in which two elevator cars are arranged one vertically above the other. The two elevator cars each stand on a support with sheaves, lifting cables being guided around the sheaves. A drive unit, around which the lifting cable is guided, is moreover provided on the car frame. By actuating the lifting cable by means of the drive unit, the elevator cars suspended in this way can be raised and lowered relative to the car frame. As a result, the two elevator cars can be positioned differently inside the car frame.
The double-decker elevator known from JP 2007-331871 A has the disadvantage that the mechanism provided for suspending and adjusting the elevator cars requires a relatively large amount of space. For example, the sheaves of the top elevator car, on which the top elevator car is suspended, require a certain structural space that, in the case of a predetermined structural space for the car frame, restricts the remaining space for the elevator car both vertically and horizontally. This also applies to the bottom elevator car. Specifically with respect to the architecturally predetermined shaft dimensions, this thus results in a reduced cross-section remaining for the elevator cars, which entails smaller elevator cars. Moreover, the space required vertically is also increased, which imposes additional demands on the design of the elevator shaft in terms of its end regions.


An apparatus and method are provided for imaging and analyzing images of tissue samples. The apparatus includes an imager, a lighting system, and a processor. The imager is configured to capture images within a selectable field of view. A tissue sample container is positionable within the field of view. The imager is configured to capture images of a plurality of tissue sample containers. The lighting system is configured to illuminate the field of view. The processor is configured to receive a first plurality of captured images of tissue sample containers. The processor is configured to analyze the first plurality of captured images and to determine whether there is tissue missing from any ones of the first plurality of captured images.

Conventional tissue samples, such as those processed and studied in a biobank or pathology department, or other similar facility, are often embedded into paraffin wax blocks for later sectioning or slicing. The paraffin block supports the tissue sample such that the tissue sample may be thinly sliced. Such slicing is generally performed with a microtome or other similar tissue slicing instruments. The paraffin embedded tissue blocks are sliced (sectioned) with each slice of the tissue placed onto respective slides. Each sample slice is processed and the final stained tissue sample slice covered and then stored. Each of the stored tissue slides may also be individually identified for later retrieval.

Sample imaging and imagery archiving for imagery comparison