One end of the cover unit of a printer is supported freely rotatably on the device case, and a rotating shaft is disposed with both ends supported freely rotatably on the distal end. A right pressure lever and an operating lever are supported on the right end of the rotating shaft, and a left pressure lever is supported on the left end. When the operating lever rotates, the right and left pressure lever rotate in the same direction through an intervening rotation transfer member extending widthwise to the device. When the operating lever rotates when the cover is closed, the left pressure lever contacts the device case before the right pressure lever . The right and left pressure lever are set so that their rotational positions are the same when the cover starts to rise due to deformation of the rotation transfer member.

1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a cover unit that accomplishes a cover opening operation lifting an access cover open from a closed position as a result of operating a lever disposed on one widthwise side of the access cover, one end of which is supported freely pivotably on the case of a printer, and relates to a printer having this cover unit.
2. Related Art
In order to load roll paper into the internal roll paper compartment of a thermal printer or other type of roll paper printer, an opening through which the roll paper can be inserted and removed is formed in the printer case. A cover unit that opens and closes the opening to the roll paper compartment is disposed with one end of an access cover supported freely pivotably on an edge of this opening so that the access cover can swing open and closed pivoting on this end.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Appl. Pub. JP-A-2004-276521 teaches such a thermal printer. The thermal printer taught in JP-A-2004-276521 has a printer cover (access cover) carrying a platen attached to the top of the case. The end of this printer cover at the back of the printer is supported on the printer frame by an intervening rotating support member. A lever disposed in the top of the printer cover is operated to lift and open the printer cover. This lever is formed on one end of an arm that is supported freely pivotably on a pivot point disposed at a front end part of the printer cover. When the lever is operated, the arm pivots and the printer cover lock is released, and a cover lift (a push-up unit) formed on the other end of the arm contacts a cover lift base formed on the printer case. When the arm rotates pivoting on the point of contact with this cover lift base, the printer cover that supports the arm is pushed up. The printer cover can then be manually raised and opened wide.
The configuration taught in JP-A-2004-276521 has the lever disposed on one side of the width of the printer cover, and an arm disposed on both sides of the width of the printer cover. As a result, operation of the lever (the pivoting operation) is transmitted to each of the arms through a rotation transfer member that extends widthwise to the printer cover, and the arms are configured to rotate together in response to operation of the lever.
When the printer cover is pushed up, the load of the weight from the printer cover side acts on the rotation transfer member that transmits the rotation of the lever to the arms. With this configuration, when the lever disposed to one end part of the rotation transfer member is operated, the load (weight) from the printer cover side causes the rotation transfer member to deform as a result of twisting or deflection, and the rotational positions of the arm on the side near the lever and the arm on the side far from the lever differ. As a result, both sides of the width of the printer cover do not start being pushed up at the same time, and the side closest to the lever begins being pushed up first. The printer cover and lever therefore twist or bend when being pushed up, and opening the printer cover smoothly becomes difficult.


The storage chest of the present invention comprises: a box portion having opposed front and rear walls, a pair of opposed side walls; and a floor attached to the front, rear and side walls to form a storage cavity; and a lid pivotally interconnected with the rear wall. The lid includes: a generally planar top panel; and a front panel merging with and extending generally perpendicularly to the top panel. The front panel includes a recess formed by a horizontally disposed face and a vertically disposed face positioned below and merging with the horizontally disposed face. The top panel and front panel are integrally formed from a unitary member of substantially constant thickness. The lid is moveable between a closed position, in which the top panel is generally horizontally disposed above the floor and the lid contacts at least one of the front, rear and side walls and prevents access to the storage cavity from above, and the front panel is positioned generally above the front wall, and an open position, in which the top panel takes a non-horizontal position, the front panel is positioned rearwardly of the front wall, and the lid allows access to the storage cavity from above. In this configuration, the recess in the front panel of the lid serves as a grasping handle for the lid, thereby eliminating the additional handle piece included in prior art lids.

Large storage chests often used in the construction industry are typically formed of steel sheet. The floor and walls of the chest can be formed either from a single sheet of steel that is bent at intersecting edges of the walls and floor to form a box or from multiple pieces of sheet steel that are welded together into a box. Tools can then be stored within the cavity of the box. Typical sizes for such a chest can range from 2 ft.sup.3 to 8 ft.sup.3 or even larger. Because it is often desirable for the chest to be at least somewhat portable, the walls may include pivoting carrying handles, which may be mounted to a straight wall or fold within a recess formed in the wall.
For protection of tools stored inside the chest cavity, the typical chest has a lid, also formed of sheet steel, that is hingedly attached to the rear wall of the box portion of the chest. Such a lid pivots between a closed position covering the cavity and an open position that allows access to the cavity. The lid should have sufficient strength and durability to withstand the abuse a chest typically endures, including the stacking of heavy objects on the lid.
In one popular lid model previously available from Delta Consolidated Industries under the tradename JOBOX.RTM., the chest lid is formed of a single piece of sheet steel. The lid includes a horizontal panel that generally covers the chest cavity, vertical panels that extend downwardly from the edges of the horizontal panel, and flanges that extend inwardly (i.e., into the storage cavity) from the vertical panels. Together, the flanges form a rim within the vertical panels that rests upon the upper edges of the walls of the box portion of the chest when the lid is in its closed position. To add strength and rigidity to the lid, two bolster members are spot-welded to the underside of the horizontal panel; the bolster members extend from a rear to a front portion of the horizontal panel, stopping short of the front and rear vertical panels of the lid.
To assist in opening the lid, a handle is bolted to the center portion of the front vertical panel. Thus, by grasping and lifting the handle, a user can easily open the lid to access the storage cavity.
Unfortunately, this configuration has certain drawbacks. First, because the handle protrudes forwardly beyond the front wall of the box portion of the chest, it often gets crushed or bent during use. Also, by protruding, the handle provides an obstacle that a user can accidentally collide with or snag his clothing on. Moreover, in storing or shipping the chest, the protrusion of the handle requires additional space beyond the front wall of the chest. Further, the handle is an additional component that must be manufactured and assembled, thereby adding cost to the chest.
Second, the placement of the handle in the center of the lid requires that the user be positioned directly in front of the lid to open it; initiating lid opening by lifting another portion of the lid is difficult, because there is nothing else to grasp. Thus, the chest must be positioned where a user can reach the center portion of the lid to lift it.

Storage chest with integral handle in reinforced lid


An electromagnetic fuel injection valve includes a coil assembly housed in a solenoid housing having a cylindrical magnetic metal coil case which integrally has, at one end side, a ring-shaped end wall portion and a press-fit cylindrical portion integrally connected to an inner periphery of the end wall portion so that the magnetic cylindrical body is press-fitted to the press-fit cylindrical portion and the press-fit cylindrical portion is welded to the magnetic cylindrical body, and a flange portion which is provided at a rear end of a fixed core. Wherein at least the solenoid housing is covered with a resin molded part and integrally has a power receiving coupler, the coil case being formed by a burring process to a central portion of a closed end of a bottomed cylindrical material having a circular opening with a smaller diameter than an outer diameter of the press-fit cylindrical portion.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electromagnetic fuel injection valve, and particularly to an electromagnetic fuel injection valve in which a magnetic cylindrical body which constitutes a part of a valve housing having a valve seat at a front end portion is connected to a front portion of a cylindrical fixed core via a coaxial non-magnetic cylindrical body; a solenoid housing comprises a cylindrical magnetic metal coil case integrally having, at one end side, a ring-shaped end wall portion and a press-fit cylindrical portion integrally connected to an inner periphery of the end wall portion so that the magnetic cylindrical body is press-fitted to the press-fit cylindrical portion and the press-fit cylindrical portion is welded to the magnetic cylindrical body, and a flange portion which protrudes radially outward from a rear end of the fixed core and is magnetically connected to the other end of the coil case; a coil assembly which surrounds a rear portion of the magnetic cylindrical body, the non-magnetic cylindrical body and the fixed core is housed in the solenoid housing; and at least the solenoid housing is covered with a resin molded part made of a synthetic resin and integrally having a power receiving coupler which faces a power-receiving-side connecting terminal connected to a coil of the coil assembly.
2. Description of the Related Art
Such an electromagnetic fuel injection valve is already known from, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2004-76700 in which a coil case 31 made of magnetic metal is formed as shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, in forming a coil case 31′ integrally having, at one end side, a ring-shaped end wall portion 31a and a press-fit cylindrical portion 31b′ connected to an inner periphery of the end wall portion 31a, a magnetic-metal bottomed cylindrical material 65 having a dish-shaped projecting portion 65a at a central portion of a closed end and is formed of is prepared, and punching is performed by a punch 66 and a die 67 to punch out the central portion of the closed end in the material 65 as shown in FIG. 4(a), thereby obtaining the coil case 31′ as shown in FIG. 4(b).
The press-fit cylindrical portion 31b′ has a function of exchanging magnetic flux with the magnetic cylindrical body by press-fitting therein the magnetic cylindrical body and being welded to an outer periphery of the magnetic cylindrical body, and needs to secure a predetermined length or more for close contact with the outer periphery of the magnetic cylindrical body. When the coil case 31′ is formed by the above described punching, a portion incapable of coming into close contact with the outer surface of the magnetic cylindrical body is generated in a tip end side of the press-fit cylindrical portion 31b′ over a comparatively long distance L1 due to formation of a shear drop and a fracture surface. In order to secure a contact portion with the outer periphery of the magnetic cylinder over a predetermined length or more, a total length (L1+L2) of the press-fit cylindrical portion 31b′ becomes large. When the press-fit cylindrical portion 31b′ becomes long in this way, the resin molded part covering the solenoid housing also becomes long, so that the projecting amount of the valve housing from the resin molded part becomes short. As a result, when the fuel injection valve is mounted to a passage forming member which forms an intake passage, the exposed length of the valve housing to the intake passage side becomes short, unless the electromagnetic fuel injection valve is increased in size, and therefore injected fuel may easily attach to an inner surface of the intake passage.


A doped protective coating for extending a lifetime of an organic photoconductor is provided. The coating includes an in-situ cross-linked polymer matrix and a substantially uniformly distributed dopant therein. The dopant comprises a charge transport molecular species. A process for coating the organic photoconductor and a coated organic photoconductor are also disclosed.

An organic photoconductor (OPC) is one of the key components of an electrophotographic (EP) process employed in many printing devices. Its lifetime is limited by the occurrence of defects introduced by mechanical and electrical interactions between the organic photoconductor (OPC) and the printing environment. The appearance of these defects can be further accelerated by interactions between the OPC and printing solvent (e.g., an isoparaffinic-based imaging oil in the case of an electrophotographic printing process). An inherent mechanical weakness of an organic material causes that OPC is one of the most frequently replaced printer component, which deleteriously impacts overall printing cost and financial bottom line of the printing provider. This shortcoming is particularly critical in the case of high speed digital printing that relies on minimizing printing costs in order to successfully compete with the analog printing. Previous attempts of replacing the OPC with an inorganic photoconductor or coating OPC with a hard inorganic protective layer have mostly failed due to excessive cost, manufacturing problems or poor performance of the resulting product.
For example, attempts to improve the mechanical strength of the OPC surface region have relied on coating it with a layer of inorganic, "hard" material, such as carbon (diamond), silica, etc. The coating is usually produced via a sputtering or sol-gel process. However, the coating suffers from a number of problems, including adhesion to the OPC, damage caused to the OPC during deposition, and mechanical wear-out when extensively used, producing excessive amounts of particles. Several attempts of coating the OPC with polymerized materials (such as by sputtering or deposition from a solvent) have also failed due to OPC damage, poor adhesion or excessive electrical resistivity of the coating.

Coating for extending lifetime of an organic photoconductor

Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.


A method for migration of a virtual network function, VNF, from a source node to a destination node includes receiving by the destination node a snapshot of a state of the virtual network function implemented by the source node and receiving by the destination node state update elements encoding a change of the state of the virtual network function implemented by the source node caused by processing of one or more data packets received by the source node since the snapshot.

Network Functions (NF) operate on the traffic in a network's data plane. They forward, alter, or make changes upon it. Examples for NFs are PPPoE Access Multiplexer (PPPoE=Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet), IDS (Intrusion Detection System), NAT (Network Address Translation), Firewall. Virtualized NFs (VNFs), as a specialization, run in a cloud infrastructure, instead of operating on dedicated hardware. Compared to a traffic forwarding element (e.g., an SDN, Software Defined Network, switch), these VNFs often require maintaining state to function correctly. For example, firewalls often maintain counters to identify an attack.
For reasons such as traffic or resource optimization, but not limited to, these network functions may need to be scaled out/in or be "relocated" to another location in a network. Additional instances of a VNF may be needed to cope with an increased demand, or instances may be consolidated to a smaller number when demand decreases. A VNF may be moved (fully or partly) within a datacenter, from one datacenter to another datacenter, or from a datacenter to the customer premises, e.g., to improve resource utilization or system performance.
When changing the allocation of a function, it is important to migrate the necessary service state from the previous to the new instances. VNFs are critical functions in a network service; interruptions and downtimes during their reallocation can result in severe packet loss and jitter, which deteriorates the quality of the service. In order not to reduce quality of experience, it is necessary to avoid interruption of the VNF's service by effectively managing the service state.
A current implementation referred to as OpenNF is a framework allowing a network function to split or merge several sessions, or completely transfer its state to other physical resources. The framework provides mechanisms to guarantee that no packet loss and no out-of-order packets are caused while an ongoing session and state transfer takes place. In the framework, the NFV controller plays a significant role in the datapath, its special task includes buffering packets that must not yet be delivered. The framework introduces a state classification, depending on dependencies of distinct datapath flows (sessions) and methods which filter sessions to return, delete or inject state which is related to the specified sessions. In OpenNF, the controller is heavily utilized by data plane tasks, such as packet buffering.
A further current implementation referred to as P2P-based OpenNF (Peer-to-Peer-based OpenNF), a data packet is processed not only by the original network function, it is duplicated and sent to the newly instantiated network function just to keep its state up-to-date. This causes a very large amount of redundant traffic and degrades the performance of the network, both on the network paths and the network buffers.
Therefore, it is an objective of the invention to provide a method for efficient migration of virtual network functions.

Method for migration of virtual network function


A container for heating a substance, e.g. food, in a microwave oven has a bottom transparent to microwave energy. The container is supported on a stand that contains one or more electrically conductive plates (or apertures in an electrically conductive sheet) that generate at least one mode of microwave energy of higher order than the fundamental modes. The stand also serves to support the container above the higher order mode generating plates (or apertures) so that the undersurface of the substance is spaced from them by a uniform predetermined distance. The arrangement has the known features of "bottom heating", i.e. taking advantage of the natural heat flow in the substance, while achieving more uniform heating of the substance by virtue of the higher order mode or modes. As an alternative to or in addition to the generation of higher order modes, the stand may embody elements that modify the microwave pattern in a manner than enhances the coupling of microwave energy into the undersurface of the substance to be heated.

In normal microwave transparent containers, the microwave energy can enter through the top, bottom and sides of the container. This is similar to the situation encountered during conventional oven cooking (or heating). With normal microwave foil containers the microwave energy can only enter through the top (food surface).
Prepared foods are commonly reheated in a cooking utensil on a stove top. One characteristic of this type of reheating is that the heat enters the food through the bottom of the container/utensil.
Heating the food from the bottom offers some advantages, as a result of the heat transfer mechanisms that take place. The food in contact with the base heats and becomes less dense. This provides a driving force for convective transport, the warm food rising and being replaced by cooler food from nearer the surface. The extent of this convection depends on the viscosity of the food. At a later stage of heating, bubbles of steam nucleate at or near the base and rise through the food. This transfers heat throughout the food as well as agitating the product.

Microwave heating device with microwave distribution modifying means


A bionic telescopic matrix unit is disclosed, which is composed of a slide shaft (6), a metal guide pipe (7), an elastic telescopic shell (2) and an electromagnetic coil (3). In the elastic telescopic shell (2), the slide shaft (6) made of a permanent magnet extends into the metal guide pipe (7) via the front end of said pipe (7) and comes into sliding contact with the inner tube wall of the metal guide pipe (7). The rear end of the metal guide pipe (7) and the front end of the slide shaft (6) protrude out through the front and back openings respectively of said elastic telescopic shell (2), said front and back openings of said elastic telescopic shell (2) being fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the metal guide pipe (7) and to the slide shaft (6) respectively, thus connecting the metal guide pipe (7) with the slide shaft (6). The elongation length of the elastic telescopic shell (2) corresponds to the reciprocating stroke of the slide shaft (6) in the guide pipe (7); the electromagnetic coil (3) wound on the outer peripheral wall of the metal guide pipe (7) is covered by the elastic telescopic shell (2). Two ends of the electromagnetic coil (3) are duly connected with the positive and negative poles of a power supply. The telescopic matrix unit can simulate the functions of movement caused by animal muscle tissue extension, thus enabling greater flexibility and freedom in the mechanical limb movements of humanoid, etc. robots.

1. Prior Art
Presently, most power mechanisms are mainly driven by electric motors, engines or hydraulic motors. In particular, industrial robots in many factories are driven by electric motors. This limits joint related activities in the mechanical arms of those robots. In addition, existing robotic research is focused on areas such as improving walking balance and control of humanoid robots and quadruped-like mechanisms. The bionic content is rather small. The movement of humanoid robot and other quadruped-like mechanisms is very stiff. Consequently, their flexibility is limited.
2. Description of Invention
The object of this invention is to provide a bionic telescopic matrix unit, which is capable of mimicking the animal movement resulting from stretching and contraction of muscle tissue. It can then be utilized fully in humanoid robot or quadruped-like mechanisms so that humanoid robot or quadruped-like mechanisms can move freely and flexibly.
This invention is implemented as follow: It is a bionic telescopic matrix unit. This telescopic matrix unit is composed of a slide shaft, a metal guide pipe, an elastic telescopic shell and an electromagnetic coil. In the elastic telescopic shell, the slide shaft made of a permanent magnet extends into the metal guide pipe via the front end of the pipe and comes into sliding contact with the inner tube wall of the metal guide pipe. The rear end of the metal guide pipe and the front end of the slide shaft protrude out through the back and front openings of the elastic telescopic shell, respectively. Furthermore, the front and back openings of the elastic telescopic shell are secured to the outer wall of the metal slide pipe and the slide shaft to connect the metal guide pipe to the slide shaft. The elongation length of the elastic telescopic shell matches the reciprocating stroke of the slide shaft in the metal guide pipe. The electromagnetic coil, which is wound around the outer peripheral wall of the metal guide pipe, is covered by the elastic telescopic shell. The two ends of the electromagnetic coil are appropriately connected to the positive and negative poles of a power supply.
The principle of this invention is as follows: In each bionic telescopic matrix unit, the slide shaft made of a permanent magnet slides back and forth under the influence of magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil wound around the outer peripheral wall of the metal guide pipe. The mechanism of this bionic telescopic matrix unit is similar to the telescopic function of muscle cells. It mimics the principle of muscle cell stretching and contraction. Collectively as a whole, each group of bionic telescopic matrix units can stretch and contract in a reciprocating manner at the same time to provide a bionic telescopic tissue. It can be used be used in fields such as humanoid robots and quadruped-like mechanisms. This invention is capable of mimicking movement caused by animal muscle extension to enable humanoid robot or quadruped-like mechanisms to move more freely and flexibly.


A structural unit having a frame, a connecting face that surrounds an opening and a cover that is attached to the connecting face to cover the opening. The frame and the cover are formed of materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion, and the connecting face has a channel that opens towards the cover. At least one duct communicates with the channel so that when a filling compound is injected into the duct it is received in the channel. The filling compound thereby attaches the cover to the frame and provides a seal therebetween.

In many sectors of technology, particularly in the automobile sector, housings are hermetically sealed to protect components housed therein. In the automobile sector there is especially a need for housings that remain sealed to water and oil even when the housings are exposed to adverse conditions, such as large variations in temperature. It is also necessary to dissipate heat from inside the housing, if any of the components accommodated in the housing are heat-generating components, such as electronic circuits. To remove heat from inside the housing, one face of the housing is generally constructed as a metal plate. The metal plate is thermally coupled to the heat-generating components and acts as a heat sink. The remainder of the housing is generally made of a plastic material, because forming the entire housing out of metal is expensive and complicated. Because plastic and metal have different coefficients of thermal expansion, however, the seal between the plastic and the metal deteriorates when the housing is exposed to large variations in temperature.
To account for the deterioration of the seal between the metal plate and the plastic portion of the housing, it is known to provide strips of an elastic material, such as silicone, between the plastic portion of the housing and the metal plate. The elastic material is positioned between the plastic portion of the housing and the metal plate, and then the metal plate is fastened to the plastic portion of the housing by a screw or other clamping means, which presses the metal plate into the elastic material. Positive-locking means, such as groove and tongue connections, are also used to improve the quality of the seal between the plastic portion of the housing and the metal plate. This kind of fastening and sealing, however, is complicated, requires additional production steps, and is expensive.

Structural unit and method for the production of a structural unit


Disclosed is an electric disc brake capable of reducing noise and vibration while expanding the life span of the product. The electric disc brake includes a caliper housing to press friction pads provided at both sides of a disc against the disc, a cylinder installed in the caliper housing, a piston moving back and forth in the cylinder to press the friction pads, a driving device generating driving force with respect to the piston, and a volume compensation part communicated with the cylinder to compensate for an increment of a volume of the cylinder according to movement of the piston.

1. Field
The disclosure relates to an electric disc brake. More particularly, the disclosure relates to an electric disc brake capable of compensating for volume variation in a cylinder caused by the movement of a piston.
2. Description of the Related Art
Different from a typical hydraulic disc brake, an electric disc brake employs a motor, which is operated by electricity, as a driving source for a driving unit that presses friction pads.
The electric disc brake according to the related art includes a disc rotating together with wheels of a vehicle, first and second friction pads arranged at both sides of the disc to press the disc, a pressing member moving back and forth to press the first and second friction pads, a motor generating a driving force, and a reduction unit amplifying the driving force of the motor to transfer the amplified driving force to the pressing member.
The reduction unit used in the electric disc brake according to the related art can be mainly classified into a parallel-axis type reduction unit and a coaxial reduction unit according to the arrangement between a motor shaft and the reduction unit.
In general, the parallel-axis type reduction unit includes an input-side gear coupled with an output shaft of a motor and an output-side gear engaged with the input-side gear and coupled with a screw connected to a pressing member.
However, the parallel-axis type reduction unit represents problems in that the gear connection structure is complicated, and the working friction occurs. Thus, if grease is boiled due to overheat of the brake, the parallel-axis type reduction unit may be broken by high pressure.


An apparatus for determining the thickness of wads of papers (A) in connection with their binding within a cover, comprises an automatically released compressing device (2), which indicates, on a display, a required thickness value. The apparatus can be entirely mechanical, but is preferably provided with an electronic control circuit and an electric solenoid drive circuit. On insertion in a receiver (1), the wad of papers (A) actuates an electro-optical switch (D2, Q2) which energizes the solenoid (9), the armature (10) of which compresses the wad of papers (A). During the compressing movement, pulses received from two reading device (6, 13) are counted, the total number of pulses representing a measure of the required thickness value.

From the Australian patent specification No. 567 839 it is known to use, in a thermal binding machine, a manual device for determining which cover dimension to be used for the the wad of papers to bound. The wad-receiving means of the known apparatus is formed as a plate mounted at the front edge of the binding machine and provided with a handle, the plate being displaceable towards the front edge. For determining the thickness of a wad of papers, said wad of papers is inserted between the handle and the front edge of the machine, then the plate will be manually displaced such that the wad of papers is pressed by the handle towards said front edge. The plast is mechanically connected to a potentiometer such as to provide position detection. The position-indicating voltage value given by the potentiometer is used to light, accordingly, a series of light emitting diodes, LEDs, or liquid crystal diodes, LCDs, forming a display. Thereby, the display can indicate the thickness either in mm or in inches, and is said to indicate, to advantage, the directly required cover dimension.
The known manual device presents a number of disadvantages. Firstly, it should be pointed out that said device is unreliable, as manual displacement of the plate implies that the wad of papers can be compressed unequally hard, meaning that you may receive different answers as to what cover dimension is required. The operator having to use both hands to handle the manual device is another troublesome disadvantage. Further, manual handling is relatively time-consuming and implies exterior movable parts which are easily damaged and, not least, require more space for the machine.


An organic light emitting display device includes: a plurality of pixel regions. Each of the pixel regions includes: a first transistor configured to apply a data voltage on a first adjacent data line to a first node in response to a scan signal on the primary scan line; a second transistor configured to apply the data voltage on the first adjacent data line to the first node in response to a sensing signal on the secondary scan line; and a third transistor configured to detect a sensing voltage and apply the sensing voltage to a second adjacent data line, The data driver compares the sensing voltage and the data voltage and compensates for the data voltage of next frame, and the scan signal and the sensing signal are generated in different intervals of a single frame.

1. Field of the Disclosure
The present disclosure relates to an organic light emitting display device.
2. Description of the Related Art
Display devices for displaying information are being widely developed. The display devices include liquid crystal display devices, organic light-emitting display devices, electrophoresis display devices, field emission display devices, and plasma display devices.
Among these display devices, organic light-emitting display devices have the features of lower power consumption, wider viewing angle, lighter weight and higher brightness compared to the liquid crystal display devices. As such, the organic light-emitting display device is considered to be next generation display devices.
Thin film transistors used in the organic light-emitting display device can be driven at a high speed. To this end, the thin film transistors increase carrier mobility using a semiconductor layer, which is formed from polysilicon. Polysilicon can be derived from amorphous silicon through a crystallizing process.
A laser scanning mode is widely used in the crystallizing process. During such a crystallizing process, the power of a laser beam can be unstable. As such, the thin film transistors formed on the scanned line, which is scanned by the laser beam, can have different threshold voltages from each other. This can cause image quality to be non-uniform between pixel regions.
To address this matter, a technology detecting the threshold voltages of pixel regions and compensating for the threshold voltages of thin film transistors had been proposed.
For the detection of the threshold voltage, the proposed technology applies a sensing signal to pixels on a row line to which a scan signal is not applied. In other words, the sensing signal and the scan signal are simultaneously applied to the pixels on the different row lines. Due to this, a signaling scheme can be complex, and the circuit configuration of a scan driver can also become complex.


An optical data carrier has a memory member having a radiation-transparent layer and an information recording layer adjoining it. The information recording layer has a surface with memory areas for digital information. The data carrier has a through opening for receiving a read/write device and has a thickness equal to that of a chip card or magnetic strip card. The memory member is 0.5-0.6 mm thick. An adapter for the read/write device has a base member with a rectangular recess of inner dimensions slightly greater than the outer dimensions of the plate-shaped data carrier to be received therein. The base member has a central opening coaxial to the through opening of the data carrier. The adapter/data carrier unit can rotate without balance error about a central axis of through opening and central opening. The combined thickness of the data carrier and of the base member measured at the recess corresponds to that of a standard DVD data carrier.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a plate-shaped optical data carrier comprising a layer transparent for radiation and an information recording layer on the surface of which memory areas for digital information are arranged, wherein said data carrier comprises a through opening for a receiving means of a reading and/or writing device.
2. Description of Related Art
Such data carriers are generally known by the names of CD (Compact Disc), CD ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), and DVD (Digital Versatile Disc). Apart from solely readable types there are also types such as CD-R which allow the user to individually record information by using specific writing devices, possibly even as a rewriteable type (CD-RW).
The known data carriers are received at their central opening by an appropriate reading and/or writing device and rotated so as to realize a data flow from and to the data carrier by means of a radially movable reading and/or writing head emitting a laser beam.
The generally known prior art also includes so-called CD ROM cards having the thickness of a conventional CD ROM or DVD but mostly not having the standardized check card format. On such data carriers, the memory area is limited to a circular ring of the maximum possible diameter fitting into the roughly rectangular surface of the data carrier. Compared with conventional check cards comprising a magnetic strip or electronic chip elements, these CD ROM cards are remarkably thicker which is regarded as a disadvantage. This thickness significantly reduces their elasticity, which, if the CD ROM card is carried in a purse, adversely affects the carrying comfort of the latter. Also the free space in conventional wallets or purses often does not allow to receive a plurality of CD ROM cards. Also, the polycarbonate used to manufacture these CD ROM cards is disadvantageous for handling the card in typical rough everyday conditions as the brittleness of the material, in combination with its low elasticity, may easily cause the material to break or crack. DE 29616 619 U1 describes a so-called multimedia business card whose width and length are similar to the size of standard paper business cards. However, this known business card is made of CD ROM material with the thickness of the business card being equal to that of a normal CD ROM.
Such a so-called non-standard format of a CD or CD ROM cannot be used in all conventional players. DE 297 04 140 U1 thus discloses a CD player adapter, especially for the multimedia business card described in DE 296 16 619 U1. The outer dimensions of the body of the CD player adapter equal exactly the dimensions of a standard CD or CD ROM while said body comprises an inner through recess of a rectangular cross-section corresponding to the shape of the peripheral geometry of the multimedia business card. The business card can be fixed on the player adapter because its front sides have a convex shape while the front edges of the inner recess of the player adapter are of a matching concave shape. Due to the elasticity of the plastic material used to form the business card as well as the player adapter, the business card can be inserted into the recess using a certain force, thus ensuring a secure and defined connection of the two components due to the matching shapes in the inserted state. In order to facilitate the action of inserting or extracting the business card into or from the player adapter, widened rounded areas are provided in the corner areas of the inner recess.
Further, it is desirable to increase the variability of such data carriers with regard to various storage principles and the corresponding reading and writing methods.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a data carrier whose handling and keeping meet high comfort requirements and which is characterized by variability as regards the storage principles applied in data storage.
Based on a data carrier of the type described above, this object is achieved according to the present invention in that the thickness of the data carrier is smaller than the thickness of a standart data carrier of the DVD type but larger than the sum of the thickness of the information recording layer of a standard data carrier of the DVD type and of the minimum backing layer thickness required.
Due to its reduced thickness, such a data carrier offers good flexibility and therefore very comfortable handling. To carry even a plurality of such data carriers does not cause the space problems occurring with regard to conventional CD ROM cards. The thickness of the backing layer needs to be dimensioned only so small that the data carrier can be handled and transported without the risk of being damaged. As far as the data carrier comprises a layer transparent for radiation above the information recording layer, said transparent layer can completely take on the function of the backing layer ensuring the shape stability of the data carrier, so that the thickness of the layer transparent for radiation essentially defines the minimum thickness of the data carrier as the thickness of the information recording layer is extremely small. It is a fact that the reduction in thickness suggested according to the present invention causes the disadvantage that without further measures the data carrier cannot be read by the CD or DVD players which are presently in use. However, the present invention offers the tremendous advantage of providing an optical data carrier which due to all its dimensions, especially its thickness, is compatible with data carriers using other storage principles (magnetic strip card, chip card, . . . ) and thus can be used in a xe2x80x9cmultimediaxe2x80x9d manner.
Preferably, its thickness, length and width are equal to those of conventional chip cards or magnetic strip cards. According to the present standards, its thickness should be approximately 0.8 mm. Thus, the present invention provides for the first time an optical data carrier which, with respect to its dimensions and usability, is completely compatible with existing formats such as credit card, check card, chip card, and xe2x80x9csmart cardxe2x80x9d.
As a particularly advantageous feature of the present invention, the opening is arranged eccentrically and the data carrier is provided with an electronic chip element which is readable and/or writeable via contact surfaces.
In addition to its function as an optical data carrier, the data carrier according to the present invention further has the very advantageous feature of performing the function of a chip card. The space needed for the chip element, whose arrangement is standardized for known chip cards, is provided by eccentrically arranging the opening for the receiving means. When, for example, the center of the opening is arranged on the longer central axis of a rectangle defining the shape of the data carrier, the available storage area is not reduced as the size of the circular ring fitting onto the card remains unchanged compared with a central arrangement of said opening. The eccentric arrangement of the opening increases the safety of application as it is obvious to anybody not to use said card without an adapter. Otherwise, the card (even when having a central opening) cannot be used in slot drives and in the common drawer trays of PCs. However, this weak point also exists with respect to conventional CD cards.
Preferably, the layer transparent for radiation is made of polycarbonate.
In a further development of the present invention, it is provided to arrange the chip element on the side of the data carrier positioned opposite to the layer transparent for radiation.
In order to further enhance the functionality and compatibility of the data carrier with respect to different storage principles, it is suggested to provide the data carrier with a magnetic strip. It makes sense to arrange the magnetic strip as well as the chip element on the side of the data carrier positioned opposite to the layer transparent for radiation. In such case, it will really be a multimedia data carrier.
In order to meet higher aesthetic requirements of the data carrier and/or to provide the data carrier with specific security features, a further development of the present invention suggests to provide the side of the data carrier positioned opposite to the layer transparent for radiation with a coating, for example, in the form of a xe2x80x9cwatermarkxe2x80x9d or a hologram.
In a further development, the data carrier according to the present invention comprises a circular-ring memory member comprising the opening, a supporting member having the thickness, length, and width of a standard data carrier of the chip card type, and a chip element being readable and/or writeable via contact surfaces, wherein the memory member and the chip element are insertable into the support member in a manner providing essentially plane surfaces of the data carrier.
On the one hand, an annular memory member is easier to manufacture than a memory member of a different shape, and, on the other hand, different materials can be used for both members in order to meet the different requirements. Thus, the memory member is preferably made of polycarbonate having a high surface hardness while it makes sense to manufacture the supporting member of a flexible material less susceptible to breakage, cracking, or fatigue, for example, a plastic material or cardboard.
Furthermore, it is suggested that the memory member has a thickness between 0.5 mm and 0.6 mm and an outer diameter matching essentially the width of a standard data carrier of the chip card type in order to achieve the largest memory capacity possible of the data carrier.
In a preferred embodiment of the data carrier, the supporting member is at least in part made of hard cardboard. This offers the advantage that the user may individually print on the supporting member by laser printing, for example, for use as a business card. After printing, the memory member and, if applicable, the chip element may be inserted into the properly shaped respective recesses of the supporting member and be affixed, for instance, by gluing. Compared with conventional business cards, such business cards offer the advantage that, on the one hand, considerably more information can be stored while maintaining the flexibility of common chip cards, and, on the other hand, this information can be directly read into the data processing system of the recipient of the business card, thus making separate and time-consuming manual input of these data redundant.
Further, the present invention suggests an adapter to receive a data carrier, said adapter being provided with a receiving space whose inner dimensions are slightly larger than the outer dimensions of the data carrier to be received, and with a central opening arranged coaxially to the opening in the data carrier in its received position, wherein the sum of the thickness of the data carrier and the thickness of the adapter in the receiving space area is equal to the thickness of a standard data carrier of the DVD type and wherein the unit formed of the adapter and the data carrier is rotatable without balance error around the central axis of the opening.
This ensures in a simple manner the playability of the data carrier according to the present invention even at high revolution rates and independently from the model of the reading and/or writing device. Usually the user does not carry the adapter with him/her; the adapter is kept with the reading and/or writing device. One single adapter is sufficient for a plurality of similar data carriers. The adapter can, for example, be integrally formed by injection molding or assembled from two disks.

Optical memory card in the form of a disk


An osteotomy assistance kit includes a bone treatment assistance device and an attaching position confirmation device. The attaching position confirmation device includes a feature point indication rod to be applied via a tip portion to a feature point of the bone, a rod support unit that removably supports the feature point indication rod such that the tip portion is indicating the feature point of the bone, and a second support member that movably supports the rod support unit and indicates one of scales on the rod support unit. The bone treatment assistance device includes cutting slits, and first guide holes that guides first rods set to a predetermined positional relation. The second support member of the attaching position confirmation device is attached to the protrusion of the bone treatment assistance device.

Treatment of deformation of a human body due to bone fracture includes cutting a bone as required for correction, and moving or rotating the cut bone pieces to a target correction position. To perform these processes with high accuracy, Patent Literature (PTL) 1 cited below proposes a bone treatment assistance device to be used for osteotomy. The bone treatment assistance device is configured to cut a bone deformed into an abnormal condition at a target position accurately, thereby allowing the bone to be divided into bone pieces, and securely move the bone pieces obtained by the cutting to a position to constitute a bone of a normal condition. The bone treatment assistance device includes a fitting surface that fits the surface of the bone to be treated, and the bone treatment assistance device is attached to the position corresponding to the cutting cross-section, by attaching the bone treatment assistance device such that the fitting surface fits the shape of the bone surface. Then, when a rod, inserted through a guide hole of the bone treatment assistance device, is thrust into a feature point of the bone to be treated, it can be confirmed that the bone treatment assistance device is attached to the target position of the bone.


A method for use in an implantable medical device system, comprising: selecting a first sensing electrode operatively disposed in a first heart chamber; setting a first sensing window corresponding to cardiac electrical events occurring in a second heart chamber; enabling a first sense amplifier coupled to the first sensing electrode during the first sensing window; sensing a first signal corresponding to cardiac electrical events occurring in the second heart chamber during the first sensing window using the first sensing electrode; and transmitting the first signal from an implantable medical device to an external monitor.

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to medical devices, and, more particularly, to an implantable medical device system for providing ECG data without the use of external electrodes.
2. Description of the Related Art
Surface ECG tracings are routinely collected during a clinical follow-up visit of a patient having a cardiac pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The ECG tracings allow a clinician to observe electrical activities corresponding to the patient's heart rhythm, i.e. observe whether the rhythm is an intrinsic, normal sinus rhythm, or if the atrium and/or ventricles are being paced. The ECG tracings can also be analyzed for evidence of pacing capture, fusion, examined for changes due to ischemia, and used for measuring the duration of the P-wave and QRS-complex.
Acquisition of surface ECG tracings requires considerable preparation time. During an office visit, the patient is generally required to partially disrobe, and the surface ECG electrodes, typically 3 to 12, are placed on the skin at appropriate locations. The electrodes are then connected to an ECG monitor to first verify proper connection and then for observation or recording of the ECG traces. Sometimes patients are monitored through transtelephonic follow-ups. A surface ECG may be monitored transtelephonically by having the patient self-apply wrist or fingertip electrodes. Transtelephonic follow-ups are convenient for the patient since the patient does not need to travel to a clinic. Unfortunately, the quality of ECG signals so obtained is often poor.
Recently, remote patient monitoring systems have been introduced which allow data from an implantable medical device (IMD) such as a pacemaker or ICD to be uplinked telemetrically to a home monitor and transferred to a web-based patient management system accessible by an Internet-enabled computer. Such systems allow physicians to observe data retrieved from an IMD and manage the IMD performance and patient care independent of the patient's location. Remote patient management systems thereby reduce the time burden and inconvenience posed upon both the patient and the clinician normally associated with follow-up visits performed in a clinic. Long-range telemetry systems that enable the IMD to communicate with the home monitor without any patient intervention are proposed, making remote patient management even more convenient to the patient. However, if ECG tracings are desired during a remote follow-up session, the patient would be required to self-apply surface electrodes and such data would need to be transferred to the remote patient monitoring system.
ECG data made available without the use of surface ECG electrodes would clearly benefit the clinicians, nurses or other medical technicians and the patient by simplifying clinical follow-up visits and reducing the time required. Furthermore, ECG data made available without the use of surface ECG electrodes would allow remote patient follow-up sessions to be more complete without added burden to the patient.

Telemetry of combined endocavitary atrial and ventricular signals


A brake control system includes: a friction brake unit for generating a friction braking force; a regenerative brake unit for generating a regenerative braking force; and a control unit for controlling the regenerative and friction brake units based on a regenerative target value and a friction target value defined based on a target deceleration, and for controlling a braking force by selecting one of a plurality of control modes including both a regeneration permission mode in which a total braking force is generated by the regenerative and friction braking forces, and a regeneration prohibition mode in which the target deceleration is generated by the friction braking force. In the permission mode, the control unit generates the total force by providing a delay, while in the prohibition mode, the control unit provides a delay smaller than the above delay to the friction braking force or does not provide a delay.

A cooperative control system of a brake with a combination system in which a regenerative brake system and a fluid pressure brake system are both provided is described in, for example, Patent Document 1. In this system, when a vehicle is being brought to a halt, regenerative braking torque is gradually reduced and fluid pressure braking torque is gradually increased, under a total braking torque command value required by a driver. In this case, it is said that, by compensating, with the regenerative braking torque, the difference between a command value and an actual value of the braking force directed to the fluid pressure brake system whose response is late, the total braking torque actual value can be made equal to the total braking torque command value. The regenerative braking torque command value is to be defined so as to be within a maximum braking torque limit value that is calculated by subtracting a predetermined amount from the regenerable maximum braking torque, in order to allow a margin for correcting the regenerative braking torque command value.

Brake control system, and brake control method


A reusable, foldable, detachable handle is disclosed that can grip a drinking vessel by pressing against both the upper and lower rims of the vessel, thereby providing stable and reliable attachment thereto. The detachable handle can be folded when not in use for easy carrying and storage, and when in use it can be fixed in an unfolded configuration by a sleeve or flap that spans a foldable portion. Preferred embodiments allow attachment to vessels of different heights by being adjustable in length and/or by including a plurality of base-gripping features at different locations along the handle. Some preferred embodiments include gripping spike that enhances gripping security by applying opposing pressure to the upper rim. The gripping spike can be fixed in location or slidable along the handle. Further preferred embodiments include a bottle opener, and some preferred embodiments are attachable to a key ring or include a key ring.

During consumption of a beverage from a drinking vessel, such as a cup, glass, mug, open soda can, open beer can, stein, and such like, holding the vessel can sometimes be uncomfortable or otherwise problematic. If the beverage is warm or cold, the vessel can become uncomfortably warm or cold to the touch. In addition, a cold beverage can cause a drinking vessel to condense moisture on its outer surface, thereby making the vessel slippery and causing the hand of a consumer to become uncomfortably wet.
One solution to this problem is to provide a handle to facilitate grasping of a drinking vessel. For example, a reusable tea cup, coffee mug, or beer stein typically includes a handle that is permanently attached thereto. The handle provides for easy grasping of the drinking vessel without exposing a user's hand to uncomfortable temperatures or condensed moisture.
Handles are also sometimes included with disposable paper beverage cups. Typically, the handle is split into two flat halves that are initially aligned against the outer surface of the cup, so as to allow for easy stacking and storage of a plurality of cups. At time of use, the two halves are bent away from the cup and held together by the hand of a user. While providing the basic benefits of a handle, this approach can be inconvenient and uncomfortable, since the halves of the handle can be difficult to separate from the surface of the cup, and are typically uncomfortable to grasp. Also, the need to provide a handle with each disposable cup results in significant added cost, due to the extra handle pieces and gluing thereof that must be included in the manufacture of each disposable vessel. Other types of disposable drinking vessel, such as open beer and open soda cans, typically do not include a handle of any sort.
A convenient and comfortable approach for holding a drinking vessel, such as a disposable drinking vessel, that does not include a permanent handle, is to provide a reusable, detachable handle that can be attached to the drinking vessel during use, and then detached for reuse once the beverage has been consumed. One type of reusable, detachable handle includes one or more rings that can surround the drinking vessel. However, this approach can typically be used only with drinking vessels that fall within a narrow range of diameters, and are either tapered in shape or have a pronounced lip near the upper rim. Otherwise, handles of this type can slip in location, causing the drinking vessel to become unstable or even to slip away from the handle. Also, handles of this type are generally bulky in size, and therefore inconvenient to carry and store.
Another type of reusable, detachable handle includes a clamping mechanism that attaches firmly to the upper rim of a drinking vessel, and a bumper that rests against the lower side of the vessel. While this approach is compact and adaptable to a wide range of drinking vessel sizes and shapes, attachment of this style of handle to a drinking vessel can be uncertain and unreliable, especially if the vessel is made from a flexible material such as paper or thin aluminum, since the handle only grips the vessel at the rim. Also, the cost of such a handle can be high, due to the complexity of the clamping mechanism.
Yet another type of reusable, detachable handle attaches to the top and bottom of a drinking vessel. This type of handle is typically somewhat flexible, and includes shaping with notches and/or tabs at each end so as to couple with the upper and lower rims of the vessel. The handle is flexed so as to position the two ends over the upper and lower rims of the drinking vessel, and then released so as to cause the ends of the handle to press against the upper and lower rims and thereby firmly grasp the vessel. While this approach is adaptable to a wide variety of vessel shapes and diameters, each handle can be used with only a narrow range of vessel heights. Also, the handle must be at least as long as the vessel, and so tends to be somewhat bulky in size, and therefore inconvenient to carry and store

Detachable foldable handle for drinking vessels


A bag for a pant pocket according to the present invention further includes an intermediate pocket that is disposed between the first sheet and the second sheet, with the edge attached throughout the entire section to the second sheet and has at least two or more internal inlets formed in the shape of a through-hole though both sides so that going in and out of an internal space formed by the attachment is possible, in which an internal pocket separate line for attaching the second sheet and the intermediate sheet in the structure of separating the areas including two or more internal inlets, respectively is provided, the edge except the partial section of the first sheet is attached to the intermediate sheet to form the main inlet, and the receiving spaces are more easily used by providing at least two or more separate specific internal pocket spaces in one pocket.

Most clothing that people wear generally has pockets for protecting the parts of a body such as hands from the cold by putting them in the pockets in the cold weather or for holding things therein.
Those pockets are composed of an opening generally formed on the outer side of clothing and a bag with a predetermined space in the shape of a sack inside the clothing. In general, the opening is formed by cutting the outer cover of clothing at a predetermined distance and the bag is formed in the shape of a sack with an inlet attached to the inside edge of the opening.
A typical pant pocket that has been used is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. As shown in FIG. 7, the bag inside clothing such as pants is formed generally by sewing two pieces of fabric, that is, a first sheet 10 and a second sheet 20 along the edges with a seam 50 to make a closed space in the shape of a sack, in which in order to make an open main inlets 30, the seam 50 may not be formed at the corresponding portion.
The bag fabricated as described above is attached to the inner side of pants such as trousers in the type shown in FIG. 8 and the bag inside the pants is indicated by a dotted line in the figure.
That is, the main inlets 30 of the bag are attached, for example, by sewing along the inner edge an opening 100 to make it possible to reach it through the opening 100 formed on the outer side of the pants from the outside, and thus the bag is fixed to the inner side of the pants and various things can be put into the bag through the opening 100 from the outside.
However, when a pant pocket is formed in the structure of the related art shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, there is a serious defect in terms of the function of carrying things in that there is a high possibility of loss of the thing kept in the pocket.
The possibility of the problem is not high, when the person wearing the pants stands or walks, but, for example, the person sits or lies down and the person's thighs are placed almost parallel with the floor, the side edge of the bag extending from one end of the inlet 30 is also almost parallel with the floor; therefore, the things in the bag easily come out through the pocket opening 100 along the side edge of the bag, and accordingly, it is frequent that the important things in the bag in the pocket come out and are lost without the person's recognizing it.
Another problem of the pocket with the structure of the related art is that when there are several things to carry in the pocket, the space for receiving the things is narrow and it is difficult to discriminate the things, so a user carries the things in the pant pocket at the hip in some cases. However, there has been issued a research saying that things such as a purse are more likely to come out through the opening of the pocket at the hip, so called a hip pocket, and when the person is seated for a long time with a thick thing such as a purse in any one hip pocket of the left and right pocket, serious disorders of the body such as twisting of the spine or warping of the pelvis are likely to be caused.
A method of attaching a cover over the opening 100 of the pocket has been proposed to reduce the possibility of a loss in the problems described above, but there is a problem in this method in that the fabrication labor for attaching the cover and the material costs are increased and it is required to necessarily add a specific structure, which interferes various modifications and configurations in design in clothing of which the design is important as a fashion product.
On the other hand, a piece of pants with pockets having a specific sub-pocket 300 inside, as shown in FIG. 9, has been proposed to increase the efficiency of separate management of carried things. However, there is a structural limit of attaching it to a partial area in the space of the pocket, and accordingly, it is difficult to ensure a predetermined size or more of internal space for the sub-pocket 300 and there is a limit in the kinds of things to carry. Further, the fabrication labor for attaching the specific sub-pocket 300 is necessary and there is no improvement in terms of the possibility of loss that is a problem in the pocket of the related art described above.
Accordingly, the applicant(s) of the present invention has proposed a 'pant bag' in Korean patent Registration No. 614149, which can effectively prevent loss of carried things by changing only the structure of a bag in a pocket so that the rear edge of the bag is elongated back behind the side line of a piece of pants such as trousers, and by making the pocket inlet in a double structure, in order to provide a pocket that reduces the possibility of loss of carried things and has a wide separate space.
In this invention, only the shape of the bag inside is changed with the external appearance of pants of the related art kept, and thus there is a remarkable effect that it is possible to effectively prevent loss of carried objects, in addition to using the pocket for various types of pants without a limit.
However, there is a defect that the fabrication labor increases a little in comparison to the process of fabricating basic pockets of the related art. Therefore, the applicant(s) has proposed a 'bag for a pant pocket' as well which can effectively prevent things in the pocket from coming out without increasing the fabrication labor in Korean Patent Registration No. 876151, in comparison to the pant pockets of the related art and an example of the bag for a pant pocket is shown in FIG. 10.
The patent of the bag for a pant pocket described above provides technical information which makes it possible to fabricate a bag for a pant pocket which further includes an intermediate sheet 15 with an inner inlet 151 disposed between the first sheet 10 and the second sheet 20 and has a separate internal space without a possibility of loss by forming the second sheet 20 and the intermediate sheet 15 in the same shape, forming the first sheet 10 with one edge cut from the same shape of the second sheet 20 etc., and then only by serially overlapping them so that the outlines coincide with each other and forming a seam 50 along the outlines. Therefore, as compared with the bags for pant pocket of the related art, it is possible to fabricate a bag for a pant pocket that is fabricated without an increase in fabrication labor and difficulty of work, has a separate wide space effectively preventing loss of things without an influence on the external design of clothing, and can be widely used for various types of pant pockets of the related art.
That is, the bag for a pant pocket having the configuration described above has the advantage that it possible to provide a volume double the volume of pockets of the related art and to considerably reduce possibility of loss of thing due to the structural features of the inner inlet 151, when the things are stored in the internal space formed between the intermediate sheet 15 and the second sheet 20.
However, the advantage that the size of the space is considerably large, unlike the sub-pockets of the related art when the internal space is formed as one communicating space causes efficient carrying to be difficult in some cases.
That is, when small things are stored, they are not specifically positioned in the wide space, and accordingly, it may be a little troublesome to hold and put the things out, and when many things are stored, they collect and make the bag bulgy, which may interfere with efficient use of the space.

Bag for pant pocket with a plurality of internal pockets and method of fabricating the same


Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to map workloads. An example apparatus includes a constraint definer to define performance characteristic targets of the neural network, an action determiner to apply a first resource configuration to candidate resources corresponding to the neural network, a reward determiner to calculate a results metric based on (a) resource performance metrics and (b) the performance characteristic targets, and a layer map generator to generate a resource mapping file, the mapping file including respective resource assignments for respective corresponding layers of the neural network, the resource assignments selected based on the results metric.

In recent years, artificial intelligence techniques, such as machine learning, deep learning, etc., have become more prevalent in solving problems and/or performing tasks, which include, but are not limited to image recognition, pattern recognition, autonomous vehicle navigation, protein folding analysis, etc. Such techniques employ different types of hardware resources to accomplish the various tasks.

Methods, systems, articles of manufacture and apparatus to map workloads


A display substrate and a manufacture method thereof, and a display panel are provided. The display substrate includes: a substrate, including a display region and a non-display region around the display region; at least one protrusion on the substrate. The protrusion is disposed in the non-display region.

With the popularity of electronic display products, how to improve the adaptability to the environment of the electronic display products has attracted more and more users' attention. For example, in the manufacturing and using process of the electronic display products, water vapor, oxygen, and so on in the outside environment may intrude into inside the electronic display products, for example, water vapor, oxygen, and so on may react with the internal structure of the electronic display products, and affect electrical properties of the electronic display products, thereby degrading the performance and reducing life time of the electronic display products. However, for the above problems, although various manufacturers have developed a variety of package technologies, the current package technologies cannot meet further requirements of customers for package effects of the electronic display products.

Display substrate and manufacture method thereof, display panel


In combustion control apparatus and method for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, a counter is set to correspond to a drive time duration from a time at which a combustion drive state of the engine is started to be in a stratified combustion drive state to a time immediately before a smolder of a spark plug occurs in a state of which a spark is emitted between an outer electrode of the spark plug and a carbon deposited on an insulator porcelain thereof, a determination of whether it reaches to a time at which the stratified combustion drive state is inhibited is executed on the basis of a value of the counter, and the combustion drive state is forcibly switched from the stratified combustion drive state to a homogeneous combustion drive state when such a determination is carried out that it reaches to the time at which the stratified combustion drive state is inhibited.

(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to combustion control apparatus and method for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, particularly, in which a stratified combustion drive is carried out.
(2) Description of the Related Art
Two Japanese Patent Application First Publications No. Heisei 11-125131 published on May 11, 1999 and 2000-234542 published on Aug. 29, 2000 exemplify previously proposed combustion control apparatuses for the spark-ignited internal combustion engine in which a nozzle of a fuel injector and a spark plug are exposed to a combustion chamber of each cylinder and a whole engine drive region is divided into two sub-regions depending upon a load imposed on the engine, one drive region being a low load region in which a stratified combustion drive is carried out and the other region being a high load region in which a homogeneous combustion drive is carried out.
It is well known that the spark plug becomes easy to be smoldered because a high temperature cannot be obtained in the stratified combustion drive state as is different from the homogenous combustion drive state. Mechanism of developing the smolder of the spark plug will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B which show expanded views of a tip portion of the spark plug exposed to the combustion chamber. Most parts of a center electrode 21 of the spark plug is covered with an insulator porcelain 22 and an outer electrode 24 is disposed so as to face against a tip portion 21a of center electrode 21 projected slightly toward a lower end of insulator porcelain 22 with a predetermined gap 23.
In a state in which no smolder state of spark occurs on the spark plug, an air around a part of the outer electrodes 24 which is nearest to outer electrode 24 from tip portion 21a (a lower portion as viewed from FIGS. 3A and 3B) of center electrode 21 is broken down and a spark is emitted. In the stratified combustion drive state which is not easy to obtain a high temperature, a carbon left burned on surfaces of tip portion 21a of center electrode 21 and insulator porcelain 22 is deposited thereon. Since the carbon is a good conductor, a high voltage supplied to center electrode is leaked onto this deposited carbon. Hence a spark begins to be emitted toward a side direction (leftward as viewed from FIG. 3B) if deposited carbon 25 becomes thick, to some degree, as shown in FIG. 3B. This is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the smolder state.
Japanese Patent Application First Publication No. Heisei 11-125131 published on May 11, 1999 exemplifies one of the two previously proposed combustion control apparatuses in which when the secondary voltage is detected and the secondary voltage is determined to be reduced by a value equal to or lower than a predetermined value, a misfire has occurred, the stratified combustion drive is inhibited, and the combustion drive state is switched from the stratified combustion drive to the homogeneous combustion drive. A secondary voltage, viz., a voltage between center electrode 21 and outer electrode 24 is reduced during the occurrence of the smolder state.
However, it is noted that, since a state shown in FIG. 3B indicates an abrupt reduction in the secondary voltage, FIG. 3B shows a state wherein the misfire has occurred. That is to say, the method of detecting the misfire is a detection of the occurrence of the misfire and an immediate state before the misfire cannot be made. Once the combustion chamber falls in a misfire state, it requires a time for the firing state of fuel to be recovered from the misfire.
Since, in this case, there is provided a close relationship between the smoldering and the insulation resistance in the spark plug (a resistance between center electrode 21 and insulator porcelain 22), the insulation resistance of the spark plug may be considered to be adopted as a parameter of a prevention of the misfire in place of the secondary voltage. FIG. 4 shows a model representing influences of the insulation resistance and the secondary voltage against the misfire. As shown in FIG. 4, a resistance value of the insulation resistance of the spark plug reaches to a misfire region at an earlier timing than the resistance corresponding to the secondary voltage with respect to an elapsed time. This means that a method of detecting the misfire from the insulation resistance can detect a state immediate before the occurrence of the misfire with the secondary voltage. As described above, the insulation resistance is superior in detecting the state immediately before the occurrence of the misfire. However, the method of detecting the insulation resistance in an actually engine mounted vehicle is not developed although the insulation resistance can be detected experimentally.
It is, hence, a main object of the present invention to provide combustion control apparatus and method for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine in which the ignition state of fuel during the stratified combustion drive is retained at a state immediately before the smolder occurs to suppress a worsening of a combustion stability at minimum by introducing a counter set to correspond to a drive time duration until a time immediately before the spark is emitted between the outer electrode of the spark plug and deposited carbon on the insulator porcelain, determining whether it is a time at which an inhibit of the stratified combustion drive state on the basis of a value of the counter, and switching forcibly a combustion drive state to the homogenous combustion drive when determining that it is the time at which the inhibit of the stratified combustion drive state. It is another object of the present invention to provide combustion control apparatus and method for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine in which a recovery of the insulation resistance of the spark plug after the inhibit of the stratified combustion drive can be speedily be carried out to return the combustion drive state to the stratified combustion drive by introducing another counter set to correspond to the drive time duration until the insulation resistance of the spark plug is recovered to its original value during the homogenous combustion drive, determining whether it is a time at which the inhibit of the stratified combustion drive is released on the basis of the value of the other counter, and releasing the inhibit of the stratified combustion drive.
This summary of the invention does not necessarily describe all necessary features so that the invention may also be a sub-combination of these described features.

Combustion control apparatus and method for spark-ignited internal combustion engine


Patterns of microRNA (miRNA) expression are correlated to the degrees of tumor cell differentiation in human prostate cancer. MiRNAs can complementarily bind to either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, resulting in targeted gene silencing and thus changes of cellular tumorigenecity. Using miRNA microarray analysis, 8 down-regulated and 3 up-regulated known miRNAs in androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines, such as LNCaP C4-2B and PC3, compared to those androgen-dependent cell lines, such as LNCaP and PC3-AR9 were consistently detected. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization assays in human prostate cancer tissue arrays containing sixty patients at different stages also showed the same miRNA expression patterns in hormone-refractory prostate carcinomas (HRPC) compared to androgen-sensitive non-cancerous prostate epithelium. In-vitro tumorigenecity assays using one of the identified miRNAs, mir-146a, were performed to provide validation of its function in prostate cancer. Gain-of-function transfection of mir-146a markedly suppressed its targeted ROCK1 gene expression in androgen-independent PC3 cells, consequently resulting in reduced cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis to human bone marrow endothelial cell monolayers. Since ROCK1 is the key kinase for activating hyaluronan-mediated HRPC transformation in vivo and in PC3 cells, mir-146a should function as a tumor-suppressor gene in modulating the ROCK1-associated tumorigenecity.

Hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) is a leading cause of aging-related cancer and death in men. Normal prostatic cell growth is controlled by androgens, whereas prostate cancer often occurs when this control is disturbed as one ages. The mainstay treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer is to remove androgen stimulation by surgery or by hormonal therapy, which, although is temporarily effective, eventually results in a deadly androgen-independent cancer transformation. To understand this cancer transformation mechanism, several microarray studies have been performed to profile specific gene and microRNA expression patterns in relation to HRPC progression in vivo (1, 2, 3). These studies all showed that expression of non-coding RNAs was highly correlated to the degree of tumor differentiation in human prostate cancer. However, in the absence of tissue-specific expression patterning analysis and functional validation, the functions of these microarray-identified non-coding RNAs have not been confirmed by experiments.
MicroRNA (miRNA) is an abundant class of small non-coding RNAs sized about 17 to 25 nucleotides in length, capable of degrading mRNA or suppressing translation of the targeted genes with high sequence complementarity. In cancers, they are involved in suppression of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes via complementary binding to their targeted gene transcripts, resulting in gene silencing, that results in changes in cellular tumorigenecity (4). Given that cancer progression is a multi-step process involving changes of various oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expressions, the approach to define a certain miRNA function in modulating these tumorigenetic changes can be complicated by the fact that most miRNAs have several or even several tens of targets, moreover, some of which are targeted more strongly than others. Although current computer programs provide a easy way to predict the potential miRNA targets as well as the possible base-pairs of miRNA-target binding, a simple search for sequence complementarity is not sufficient to pin-point the exact interaction between a specific miRNA and its real target(s).

Preventing hyaluronan-mediated tumorigenetic mechanisms using intronic RNAs


An electric drive pump is designed for use in hazardous environments. The assembly is housed, including the motor controller and power supply, in an explosion proof housing. The rotary output of the motor has a cam thereon which is bracketed by a pair of followers attached to the reciprocating pump. If desired, a polytetrafluoroethylene stick is spring biased against one of the followers so as to provide lubrication to the assembly.

While electric drive fluid pumps are, of course, old and well known, they suffer from various deficiencies. First, electric drive pumps for pumping of paints and similar materials are well known but are generally designed for use in well ventilated environments such as construction. In these environments, the unit is merely plugged into the wall and turned on with an operating pressure selected via a dial by the operator.
Such pumps are not suited for use in hazardous environments and electric drive pumps sold to date in such environments have been very complex mechanisms whereby typically the motor is located at the pump and is connected remotely to a large controller which is in turn connected remotely to a power supply. Often the controller and power supply are designed to be located outside of the hazardous environment and in any case the various modules are always quite substantial in size and complexity. In addition, installation of such products can be quite complex and involved.
Applicant hereby incorporates by reference all material contained in U.S. Ser. No. 07/770,554 filed Oct. 3, 1991 by one of the Applicants of the instant invention. This application has now been issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,220,259, issued Jun. 15, 1993, and it discloses the DC motor drive system utilized in the present invention.


A conveyor assembly including a first conveyor frame configured to move along a path relative to a mounting frame and including a conveyor belt. The conveyor assembly further includes a second conveyor frame, connected to the first conveyor frame via a pivot, and configured to automatically rotate to change an angle between the first conveyor frame and the second conveyor frame in response to movement of the first conveyor frame relative to the mounting frame.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a conveyor system, for example, a conveyor system used for agricultural mixers. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a conveyor system used in a vertical-type feed mixer.
2. Discussion of the Background
Agricultural mixers are used for mixing hay and silage together with other nutrients including animal feed supplements and grains. The mixers are normally mounted on an undercarriage to be powered and pulled by a tractor, or mounted on a truck chassis to be self-propelled. The feed materials are discharged and fed to various livestock such as cattle and dairy cows. Sometimes the mixing of such feed includes depositing a whole round or square hay bale into the mixer and processing to the desired consistency before and during the mixing of the other feed ingredients.
In conventional feed mixers there are many different configurations including horizontal augers, reel type arrangements, and vertical augers. Each of these arrangements utilizes one or more augers to facilitate the processing of the various feed materials. When the feed materials have been mixed in the equipment, the resulting feed must be discharged into a feed bunk or other area suitable for the livestock to eat. Generally, these feed mixers utilize a conveyor system to transport the feed from the inside of the equipment to the bunk or feeding area.
In horizontal auger and reel type mixers where the mixer body is generally "V" shaped, an inclined conveyor is normally mounted to the mixer at one end, below the discharge opening. The conveyor can use augers, a chain and slat, or a belt arrangement to convey the feed materials away from the discharge opening.
In vertical auger mixers or "vertical mixers" where the mixer body is generally shaped like a cone, a front conveyor is commonly utilized. Conventional front conveyors are generally positioned horizontally, adjacent to a large discharge opening in the front of the mixer. The conveyor can sometimes slide to the left or right, to allow discharge on either side of the mixer. The conveyor is required to slide in order to extend outward away from the mixer far enough so that the discharging feed materials do not interfere with the tires. Sometimes these horizontal conveyor motors can run forward and backward, allowing feeding on either side without removing the conveyor. Often the conveyors are flat on both ends, and sometimes there is a second section that tips up. On conveyors that tip up at the ends, there is either a manual height adjustment for the angle of incline, or a hydraulic cylinder is used to change the incline angle.
A "dedicated hydraulic output," sometimes termed a "hydraulic circuit," is an output from a control valve or manifold of control valves which is used to pressurize or depressurize a hydraulic line that actuates a device. For example, a tractor is typically equipped with a hydraulic pump which pressurizes a manifold of control valves. Switches inside the cab of the tractor control each of the control valves. Each control valve is connected in series with a device such as a cylinder, valve, or hydraulic motor and causes pressurized hydraulic fluid to flow to the device when the control valve is opened. Thus, the operator of the tractor can selectively actuate various devices by opening and closing various control valves, and therefore, by controlling the dedicated hydraulic outputs.
The vertical auger mixer typically requires one dedicated hydraulic output to operate a discharge door cylinder. Another dedicated hydraulic output is required to operate the conveyor belt motor. A third dedicated hydraulic output is needed to slide the conveyor back and forth, and a fourth dedicated hydraulic output is required in order to independently incline the end of the conveyor. Normal tractors have two or three dedicated hydraulic outputs available if no extra dedicated hydraulic outputs have been added. Therefore, a disadvantage of known vertical auger mixer conveyors is that they require up to four dedicated hydraulic outputs to fully utilize a front conveyor assembly.
Another disadvantage of conventional front conveyors is that there is a certain amount of operator training and coordination required to be able to operate the three or four different dedicated hydraulic outputs accurately and efficiently while also operating a tractor.
Another disadvantage of conventional front conveyors is that they often are not capable of discharging from either side of the machine without a complete reorientation of the conveyor.
Another disadvantage of conventional front conveyors is that the height of the conveyor tip is often fixed, without adjusting means, which limits the flexibility of the equipment.


A rotary engine is disclosed which comprises a rotor housing, a rotor fitted in the rotor housing so as to define a plurality of operating chambers in cooperation with the inner wall surface of the rotor housing and produce a planetary rotation of itself inside the rotor housing, apex seal members severally accommodated inside seal grooves formed at the apexes of the rotor along the axis of rotation of said rotor, and pressure means disposed between the respective apex seal members and the rotor so as to press the apex seal members against the inner wall surface of the rotor housing by virtue of the pressure of a gas emanating from the operating chambers.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a rotary engine having improvements embodied in the apex seal parts which are attached to the apexes of the rotor thereof.
2. State of the Prior Art
Generally, the rotary engine has the rotor thereof disposed inside a rotor housing having a trochoidal inner wall surface formed with a major diameter part and a minor diameter part and has operating chambers partitioned and mutually sealed off by the apex seal members embedded one each in the grooves formed at the apexes of the rotor along the axis of rotation of the rotor.
This rotary engine, for the purpose of keeping the adjacent operating chambers in a mutually sealed or airtight condition while the rotor is generating a planetary rotation inside the rotor housing, is required to be provided with such apex seal members as are capable of producing a motion sensitively and infallibly relative to the radial direction of the rotor.
Particularly, of the two apex seal members which happen to seal an operating chamber held in a state involving the stroke of compression to the stroke of explosive combustion, the apex seal member existing on the front side in the direction of advance relative to the rotation of the rotor is liable to suffer leakage of the compressed gas or the combustion gas from the operating chamber under discussion. The apex seal member on the front side, therefore, is required to produce all the more reliable sealing motion.
In the light of the true state of affairs of the prior art described above, the present invention aims to provide a rotary engine so constructed that the apex seal members thereof, during the planetary rotation of the rotor thereof, are enable to produce a motion sensitively and infallible relative to the radial direction of the rotor and maintain contact in a desirable state with the sliding surface of the rotor housing and keep the adjacent operating chambers both in a perfectly airtight state.

Rotary engine having an apex seal member


According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of memory cells, a logic gate chain, and a counter. The memory cells are capable of retaining data and are associated with the columns. The logic gate chain includes a plurality of logic gates associated with the columns. Each of the logical gates outputs a logical level to a next-stage logical gate in the series connection. The logic level indicates presence or absence of verify-failure in the associated column. The counter counts the number of output times of the logic level indicating the presence of the verify-failure in a final-stage logic gate of the series connection. A content indicated by the logic level output from each of the logic gates is inverted at a boundary of the logic gate associated with the column having the verify-failure in the logic gate chain.

In a NAND flash memory of the related art, verification is performed in writing data. There is well known a function (hereinafter referred to as a pseudo-pass function) of ending a program sequence when the number of verify-failed bits is a predetermined number or less.
A circuit technology of counting the number of verify-failed bits is required to adopt the pseudo-pass function.


An image recording apparatus has a sheet feeding device which employs the structure wherein pawls or the like disposed at part of the sheet feeding device push down both ends of the sheet to be fed so as to separate the sheets that overlap with one another. The sheet feeding device further employs the structure which pushes the sheet, that falls onto a sheet tray, into the tray in order to store the sheet in the sheet tray.

This invention relates to an image recording apparatus, and more particularly to a sheet feeding device for image recording sheets to be used for the image recording apparatus.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,399,209 and 4,440,846 and U.K. Pat. No. GB 2,223,860 to Mead Corporation describe an imaging system. According to this system, a photosensitive layer or medium comprising microcapsules containing a photosensitive composition in the internal phase is image-wise exposed to actinic radiation and subjected to a uniform rupturing force, whereby the microcapsules rupture and image-wise release the internal phase. An image-forming agent such as a substantially colorless chromogenic material is typically associated with the microcapsules such that when the microcapsules rupture the chromogenic material is able to image-wise react with, a developer material and produce a color image. The photosensitive layer and developer may be both formed on a single sheet (image recording sheet) a disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,846, or may be formed on separate sheets (imaging sheet and image receiving sheet) as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,339,209. As the image recording sheet and the image receiving sheet both receive images from the photosensitive layer, and for ease of description, the generic term "image receiving sheet" is used hereinafter to refer to both types of sheets. Since this printing system can produce pixels on the same size as the size of a microcapsule, that is in the order of .mu.m, a color image is printed with extremely high resolution.
However, there have been such problems that, since the developer is coated on the surface of the image-receiving sheet, the image-receiving sheet becomes scratched by a sheet feeding roller when it is taken out from a sheet tray causing peeling off of the developer material, which not only deteriorates the picture image quality, but also causes simultaneous feeding of multiple image-receiving sheets (hereafter referred to as duplicate supply) because the sheets are difficult to slide due to the large friction between sheets.