A thin-film includes an inductive element and a first and second magneto-resistive effect elements in which the first and second magneto-resistive effect elements are arranged in proximity to each other on a substrate, and one surface of the substrate perpendicular to the surface formed with the first and second magneto-resistive effect elements constitutes a slider surface, thereby providing appropriate height of the magneto-resistive effect elements.

The present invention relates to a thin-film magnetic head having magneto-resistive effect elements, or in particular to a structure and a method of manufacturing a thin-film magnetic head for controlling the height of the magneto-resistive effect elements with high accuracy.
In recent years, the size of the magnetic disk drive has been ever on the decrease with the capacity thereof even on the increase, and small-sized magnetic disk drives using a 3.5-inch disk and 2.5-inch disk, respectively, are now the main stream. Among the magnetic heads used for these small-sized magnetic disk drives, the magnetic induction head of which the read output depends on the rotational speed of the disk has too small a disk rotational speed to produce a sufficient read output. With a magneto-resistive effect head using a magneto-resistive effect element having a resistance value changing with the magnetic field, on the other hand, the read output is not dependent on the rotational speed of the disk, and therefore a large read output can be produced. Also, the magneto-resistive effect head can produce a high read output as compared with the magnetic induction head even for the narrow tracks resulting from the high density, and therefore is considered suitable for the small size and the large capacity.
The magneto-resistive effect head is classified into a MR (magneto-resistive) head having a MR element, a GMR (giant magneto-resistive) head having a GMR element and a TMR (tunneling magneto-resistive) head having a TMR element. These magnetic heads having three different types of structure will hereinafter be referred to collectively as the MR head.
In the structure of the MR head having the highest efficiency of reproducing the information signal recorded in the disk, the magneto-resistive effect element is used exposed to the surface (hereinafter referred to as "the air bearing surface") of the slider having the MR head mounted thereon in opposed relation to the disk to detect the resistance change of the magneto-resistive effect element in accordance with the change in the magnetic field. With the MR head with the magneto-resistive effect elements exposed to the air-bearing surface, the end of each magneto-resistive effect element is exposed to the air-bearing surface by lapping a part of the magneto-resistive effect element at the time of machining the air-bearing surface.
The size of the magneto-resistive effect element in the direction perpendicular to the air-bearing surface is called the height of the magneto-resistive effect element (MR element height). This MR element height is controlled by the lapping process. The read output of the magneto-resistive effect head changes with the MR element height. Therefore, variations of the MR element height are reflected directly in the variations in the read output of the magnetic head. For suppressing the variations of the read output of the magnetic head, it is necessary to control the MR element height with high accuracy in the lapping process.
The smaller the MR element height, the higher the performance of the magnetic head. The improved performance of the magnetic head makes it possible to detect the information recorded in the disk with higher sensitivity. Thus, the MR element height is ever on the decrease. Currently, an ordinary MR element has a height of 0.2 to 0.6 μm. The MR element height of the magnetic disk drive having an areal density of not less than 100 Gbits/in2 is said to be not more than 0.1 μm. This MR element height is considered to require the machining accuracy of ±0.02 μm (for the areal density of not less than 100 Gbits/in2).
Methods of lapping the MR element to the required height with high accuracy are described in JP-A-63-191570, JP-A-10-49824 and JP-A-10-208214. Generally in these methods, a measurement pattern (called "the electric lapping guide element") separate from the MR element is used in the element forming process, and as a general practice, the measurement of the resistance value is converted to the MR element height. As a control method, on the other hand, the MR element heights converted from the resistance values of scores of electric lapping guide elements formed in a row bar are approximated by the quadratic curve or the quaternary curve, and the load imposed on the row bar during the lapping process is controlled in such a manner as to reduce the inclination component, the quadratic curve component and the swell component of the approximated curve.

Magnetic head and method of manufacturing the same


A method and an apparatus for blow-molding containers are disclosed. A parison made of a thermoplastic material is first subjected to a thermal treatment in the zone of a heating section along a conveying path. The parison is then shaped into the container within a blow mold under the effect of a blowing pressure. Once the container has been blow-molded, a wall thickness is measured on at least one vertical level of the container. A preset value for the wall thickness is fed to a controller as a desired value, and the measured wall thickness is fed thereto as an actual value. The controller presets the quantity of at least one parameter influencing the blowing process in accordance with a difference between the desired value and the actual value. More specifically, the controller presets the quantity of at least one parameter influencing the supply of blowing gas. The quantity of the parameter is preset on the basis of a blowing process simulation model implemented in the controller.

The invention concerns a method for blow molding containers, in which a preform made of a thermoplastic material is subjected to thermal conditioning along a conveyance path in a heating line and then molded into a container in a blow mold by the action of blowing pressure; in which, after the container has been blow molded, a wall thickness is measured at at least one height level of the container; in which an automatic control system is supplied with a preassigned value for the wall thickness as the setpoint value and with the measured wall thickness as the actual value; and in which the automatic control system presets a value of at least one parameter that affects the blowing process as a function of the difference between the setpoint value and the actual value.
The invention also concerns a device for blow molding containers made of a thermoplastic material, which has at least one heating line arranged along a preform conveyance path and at least one blowing station with a blow mold, and in which an automatic control system is used, which is connected with at least one sensor for determining a wall thickness of the container, and in which the automatic control system has at least one final control element for presetting the value of a parameter that affects the blowing process.
In container molding by the action of blowing pressure, preforms made of a thermoplastic material, for example, preforms made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), are fed to different processing stations within a blow-molding machine. A blow-molding machine of this type typically has a heating system and a blowing system, in which the preform, which has first been brought to a desired temperature, is expanded by biaxial orientation to form a container. The expansion is effected by means of compressed air, which is fed into the preform to be expanded. DE-OS 43 40 291 explains the process-engineering sequence in this type of expansion of the preform. The aforementioned introduction of the pressurized gas comprises both the introduction of compressed gas into the developing container bubble and the introduction of compressed gas into the preform at the beginning of the blowing process.
The basic structure of a blowing station for container molding is described in DE-OS 42 12 583. Possible means of bringing the preforms to the desired temperature are explained DE-OS 23 52 926.
Various handling devices can be used to convey the preforms and the blow-molded containers within the blow-molding device. The use of transport mandrels, onto which the preforms are slipped, has proven especially effective. However, the preforms can also be handled with other supporting devices. Other available designs are grippers for handling the preforms and expanding mandrels, which can be inserted in the mouth region of the preform to support the preform.
The handling of containers with the use of transfer wheels is described, for example, in DE-OS 199 06 438 with the transfer wheel arranged between a blowing wheel and a delivery line.
The above-explained handling of the preforms occurs, for one thing, in so-called two-step processes, in which the preforms are first produced by injection molding and temporarily stored and then later conditioned with respect to their temperature and blown into containers. For another, the preforms can be handled in so-called one-step processes, in which the preforms are first produced by injection molding and allowed to solidify sufficiently and are then immediately suitably conditioned with respect to their temperature and then blow molded.
With respect to the blowing stations that are used, various embodiments are known. In the case of blowing stations that are arranged on rotating transport wheels, book-like opening of the mold supports is often encountered. However, it is also possible to use mold supports that can be moved relative to each other or that are supported in a different way. In stationary blowing stations, which are suitable especially for accommodating several cavities for container molding, plates arranged parallel to one another are typically used as mold supports.
Before a heating operation is carried out, the preforms are typically slipped onto transport mandrels, which either convey the preforms through the entire blow-molding machine or merely revolve within the heating system. In the case of vertical heating of the preforms in such a way that the mouths of the preforms are oriented vertically downward, the preforms are usually placed on a sleeve-like mounting element of the transport mandrel. In the case of suspended heating of the preforms, in which the mouths of the preforms are oriented vertically upward, expanding mandrels are usually inserted into the mouths of the preforms to clamp them tightly.
In carrying out container molding by blow molding, an essential task is to achieve a predetermined material distribution in the container wall. An important parameter for predetermining the material distribution that is obtained is the heat distribution realized in the preforms before the blow molding.
The heat distribution is typically realized in such a way that an even temperature level is produced in a circumferential direction of the preforms, while a temperature profile is produced in a longitudinal direction of the preforms. In addition, a suitable temperature profile through the wall of the preform from the outside to the inside is also predetermined. It can basically be assumed that regions of the preform with a lower temperature lead to thicker wall regions of the blow-molded container, while the warmer regions of the preform are stretched to a greater extent during the blow molding operation and thus lead to thinner wall regions of the blow-molded container.
The temperature of the preforms can be measured with so-called pyrometers. Exact wall thicknesses of the blow-molded containers can be measured with so-called wall thickness sensors, which operate, for example, optically or with the use of sound waves.
Other important parameters for controlling the material distribution in the blow-molded containers are the stretching speed, the assignment with respect to time of the stretching operation to the delivery of compressed gas, and the pressure distribution with respect to time in the expansion of the preform to the container. In particular, controlling the actual blowing pressure has been found to be difficult, because between a control valve for presetting the blowing pressure and the preform to be expanded there lies a flow path with variable passage cross section and throttles that affect the flow, and, in addition, the increase in the volume of the preform during the blow molding of the preform into the container causes a reaction on the developing pressure. On the other hand, the insertion of the stretch rod into the preform leads to a reduction of the available volume. Furthermore, there are relatively complex interactions among the individual parameters, and these interactions affect the actual material distribution that develops in the blow-molded container.
Due to the large number of parameters and interactions among the parameters, instead of actual automatic control, is often only possible to realize control based on the consideration of empirically determined and manually preset adjustments. Practically realized automatic controls typically relate to individual parameters without sufficient consideration having been given to the complexity of the blowing process.

Method and apparatus for blow-molding containers


Embodiments of a mask for sequential lateral solidification are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a mask of the present disclosure comprises a transmission region including a first slit column having a plurality of first slits separated from one another by a predetermined interval, and a second slit column having a plurality of second slits separated from one another by a predetermined interval and disposed adjacent to and offset from the first slit column. An irradiated laser beam is substantially completely transmitted through the transmission region. In some embodiments, the mask includes a semi-transmission region including a first opening pattern disposed at least partially between adjacent first slits and having a plurality of first openings formed into a desired shape, and a second opening pattern disposed at least partially between adjacent second slits and having a plurality of second opening formed into a desired shape. A portion of less than all of the laser beam is transmitted through the semi-transmission region. A method of performing the sequential lateral solidification using the mask is also disclosed herein.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a mask for sequential lateral solidification and a method of performing sequential lateral solidification using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a mask that may be used for sequential lateral solidification and a method of performing sequential lateral solidification using the same. The method may result in a material in which crystal defects are reduced or eliminated, and which can induce the growth of larger crystal grains.
2. Description of the Related Art
Among crystallization techniques for transforming amorphous silicon into polysilicon, sequential lateral solidification (SLS) is an important technique. SLS may be used for fabricating a high performance thin film transistors, due to its ability to obtain larger silicon grains, compared with the other crystallization techniques. According to such a sequential lateral solidification technique, a laser beam passes through a mask formed with a slit, to crystallize amorphous silicon. That is, if the amorphous silicon is irradiated by the laser through the mask slit, the amorphous silicon irradiated with the laser beam is completely melted and then solidified, resulting in crystal growth. During solidification, the crystal grains grow from both edges (of the region on which the laser beam is irradiated) laterally toward the center of the amorphous silicon, and the growth stops at a central portion where the grains meet each other.
FIG. 1A is a schematic plan view of a conventional mask for sequential lateral solidification. Referring to FIG. 1A, the mask 5 is composed of a first slit column 3 which includes a plurality of first slits 1 arranged at regular intervals, and a second slit column 4 which includes a plurality of second slits 2 arranged at regular intervals, and which is disposed adjacent to and offset from the first slit column 3. FIG. 1B shows the intensity distribution of a laser beam transmitted through the mask of FIG. 1A. Each of the first and second slits 1 and 2 is a transmission region where the laser beam is completely transmitted, whereas the remaining area is a non-transmission region where the laser beam is not transmitted. FIG. 1C shows a simulation of polysilicon grains grown using a mask such as mask 5 of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 2A schematically illustrates a scanning pattern according to stage movement of a sequential lateral solidification apparatus, and FIG. 2B is a photograph showing a conventional polysilicon thin film in which a line-overlap defect occurred.
Referring to FIG. 2A, a stage on which a substrate is placed causes a shot-to-shot offset in a scanning direction depending on the speed at which the stage moves. Shot-to-shot offset is generally caused by a combination of rolling, pitching, yawing and optical abnormality, which in turn are caused by properties inherent to the stage, when the stage moves straight. If such a shot-to-shot offset occurs, the size of overlap between lines where the laser beam transmits and crystal growth occurs may be changed. In a case such as that shown in FIG. 1C, where the spacing between the lines is large, a line-overlap defect may occur, as shown in FIG. 2B. As a result, degradation occurs in the area where the overlap defect is produced, which can lead to a defective pixel and thus to a defective image.

Mask for sequential lateral solidification and method of performing sequential lateral solidification using the same


An enclosure of electronic device includes a casing, a mounting member and a handle. The casing comprises a side plate and a limiting portion on the side plate. The mounting member is secured to the side plate and comprises a pivoting portion. The handle comprises an installing pole. The handle is engaged with the pivoting portion and is rotatable relative to the mounting member between a first position and a second position, and the limiting portion prevents the installing pole from disengaging from the pivoting portion, and prevents further rotation of the handle when the handle is in the second position.

1. Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to enclosures of electronic devices, and particularly, to an enclosure of a server computer.
2. Description of Related Art
An enclosure of an electronic device often includes a top plate, a bottom plate opposite to the top plate, and a front plate. An operating portion extends from the top plate and protrudes from the front plate for moving the electronic device. A user can use one hand on the operating portion, and the other hand on the bottom plate, to move the electronic device. However, this method is inconvenient. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the art.

Handle structure of electronic device enclosure


An automated banking machine is operative to output a visual and audible user interface which enables a consumer to operate the machine. The visual user interface includes a plurality of hierarchically organized visual screens. For each visual screen, the exemplary machine includes corresponding verbal instructions which are output through external loudspeakers or a headphone placed in operative connection with an external port of the machine. Upon insertion of the headphone into the port, the machine is operative to mute the output to any external loudspeakers and set the audio output through the headphone to a minimum or medium volume level. The automated banking machine is responsive to operating at least one volume control key to cycle the audible output through a plurality of different volume levels. For each input, the machine is operative to output verbal description of the function associated with the input.

Automated banking machines are well known. A common type of automated banking machine used by consumers is an automated teller machine ("ATM"). ATMs enable customers to carry out banking transactions. Common banking transactions that may be carried out with ATMs include the dispensing of cash, the receipt of deposits, the transfer of funds between accounts, the payment of bills and account balance inquiries. The type of banking transactions a customer can carry out are determined by capabilities of the particular banking machine and the programming of the institution operating the machine. Other types of automated banking machines may allow customers to charge against accounts, to pay bills, to transfer funds or to cash checks. Other types of automated banking machines may print or dispense items of value such as coupons, tickets, wagering slips, vouchers, checks, food stamps, money orders, scrip or travelers' checks. For purposes of this disclosure, references to an ATM, an automated banking machine or automated transaction machine shall encompass any device which carries out transactions including transfers of value.
ATMs generally include a display device which is operative to output a visual user interface. The user interface includes instructions and selectable options which visually guide a user through the operation of the machine. For example, ATMs often include a hierarchical menu for navigating through a plurality of different user interface screens. Such menus often list various types of transaction functions which may be performed at the ATM such as a withdrawal of cash or the deposit of a check. Although a consumer with normal vision can readily operate such an ATM by following the commands visually presented through the display device, a consumer who is visually impaired may not be able operate such an ATM as easily. As a result, there exists a need for an ATM which is capable of being operated by consumers with either normal or impaired vision.

Automated banking machine audible user interface method

Diebold Self-Service Systems division of Diebold, Incorporated


A low lift pallet truck so configured, in its lowered and unladen mode, that entry into and exit from double-faced pallets is made without contact of its fork wheels and the pallet's bottom boards. In this mode, support wheel assemblies fixedly mounted on each side of the truck fork frame, position the forks above their normal lowered height. Lift linkage rod assembly springs retract the fork wheels upward into the fork structure clear of the floor. Therefore with the truck's drive wheel and support wheels bearing its weight, the truck can be moved with its forks positioned above the pallet bottom boards free of interference. When the forks are properly positioned in the pallet, operator actuation of the lift function causes the truck fork frame to rise and move the lift linkage to drop the fork wheels to floor contact. Simultaneously the support wheels move upward with the fork frame and no longer carry the truck's fork end weight loadings. Lifting is stopped when the pallet is clear of the floor. The truck suspension is now in the mode common of most low lift pallet trucks. Deposit of the pallet by actuation of the truck lowering control, returns the truck to its original lowered and unladen counter-balanced configuration and exit from the pallet is made without contact with the pallet bottom boards. Driver control actions required in operation of the trucks of the embodiments of this invention are identical to those of most prior construction trucks.

1. Field of Invention
This invention relates to low lift pallet trucks, specifically to those used to transport loads on double-faced pallets.
2. Description of Prior Art
Prior construction low lift pallet trucks are commonly used in retail stores, warehouses and factories for moving palletized loads. In order to move loads on double-faced pallets, it is necessary that the truck's forks enter the pallet. FIG. 1 shows a typical prior construction truck and FIG. 5 shows a typical double-faced pallet.
During fork entry these trucks must climb onto and roll along the pallet bottom boards. Once fully positioned, the fork lift frame is elevated as the forks wheels pass to a position over the void in the pallet bottom boards. The pallet is then elevated clear of the floor and truck travel initiated.
At arrival at its destination, the fork frame is lowered and the pallet deposited. Exit of the forks again requires the climb and roll along the pallet bottom boards.
Prior construction trucks have proven inconsistant in these entry and exit operations. Various devices such as skids, rollers, and discs are mounted to the fork underside fore and aft of the fork wheels. However variations in pallet flatness, bottom board thickness, and bottom board warpage as well as floor slickness often cause pallet movement with the truck. Additionally, misalignment of the truck's fork tips at entry, excessive fork wheel loadings, contamination of the afore-mentioned entry/exit devices and fork wheel wear contribute to their unreliability. Entry into and exit from unloaded and lightly loaded pallets is particularly bothersome.
The more commonly known sit-down counter-balance type lift trucks for instance do not have such pallet entry and exit problems. Their forks extend out entirely beyond their fork end load bearing wheels. Low lift pallet trucks, despite the serious operational problems described have several advantages over other fork trucks. Much lower initial cost and weight, simplicity of operation, and lower required operating space all account for their popularity. To improve the reliability of low lift pallet trucks it is important to improve their entry and exit performance by reducing horizontal reactive forces on pallets used with these trucks.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,615,533 to Sewell (1986) describes the addition of a complicated hydraulic system to tilt back a fully lowered truck before entry by means of one or two hydraulic cylinders, and small rollers. This system requires additional driver operations, judgement, and time. The addition of one or two hydraulic cylinders, extension springs, slide assemblies, a hydraulic electric valve, electric switches and wiring, and their mountings and cover, all mounted outside of the truck body, make this method and apparatus unduly expensive and burdensome in operation.
Since all descriptions and claims in the Sewell patent are for a pressurized hydraulic system, I would add the likely increased occurrence of oil leakage at the many added oil connections to be another disadvantage of his system.
In the patent searches I made for low lift pallet trucks patents granted from 1941 thru April of 1993, I found only one patent of the lower linkage using rotating lower links. This is U.S. Pat. No. 2,359,493 to Schreck (1944) which recites the lower link, rod assembly (but of one rigid length), and fork wheel lever and without elevation of the fork wheels clear of the floor.

Industrial truck for double-faced pallets


A direct dispensing, surgical suture package is disclosed. The package comprises a first rectangular panel 1 and a second rectangular panel 2. The second panel is foldably connected to a short side of the first rectangular panel. The package also comprises a first rectangular flap 3 which is foldably connected to a long side of the first rectangular panel. Further, the package comprises a second rectangular flap 4. The second flap is foldably connected to a long side of the second rectangular panel. The package further comprises means for accessing a surgical needle between the second rectangular panel and flap. The package is useful for dispensing a suture from it without having to open, tear or mutilate any of the panels or flaps.

This invention relates to a surgical suture package. The package is self-contained and permits dispensing of a single-armed or double-armed suture, with or without a pledget.
The significance of packaging is most evident in the packaging of surgical sutures. It is essential that the package protect the product and maintain sterility throughout its period of potential use. Sutures may be stored in hospitals for several years, although the usual storage time is much shorter. It is also essential that the package provide rapid and positive means of identification, and release of the undamaged product, ready for use by the surgeon.
There are many sizes of sutures, and many materials of construction such as catgut or polyglycolic acid for absorbables, and silk, cotton, nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, stainless steel, insulated stainless steel and other materials for use as non-absorbables. There are several different needle types in common use including pointed straight, pointed curved, three cornered straight, three cornered curved, curved both regular and reverse cutting, and needles with side cutting edges of various types. The variations and combinations of each of the above, to meet the preferences of many surgeons for different operative procedures, means that the suture manufacturer needs to supply different suture package combinations. These suture package combinations can run into the thousands. The importance of positive identification while maintaining an efficient, economical package can thus be readily appreciated.
It is also important to provide convenience to the surgeon and to limit the risk of accidentally enclosing foreign items in the patient by limiting the number of extraneous packaging materials associated with use of the product in the operating theater. A count is often kept to ensure that each item is accounted for and removed from the operating field. Considering the ramifications of accidentally enclosing such material in the patient during the surgical procedure, is it absolutely essential to minimize this hazard.
Finally, it is essential in a package containing a surgical needle or needles, that the suture is protected from contact with the sharp point or cutting edge of the needle, which could partially cut the suture or the package. Also, the armed needle edges and point need to be protected to maintain their sharpness.
The prior art generally discloses a surgical suture or sutures package in a outer envelope. Contained in the outer envelope is an inner envelope or pouch which is sterile. The suture strand or strands have been formed into various configurations of coils and loops, and are contained in or on various retainers, cards, or reels within the inner envelope.
The suture is normally prepared for the surgeon by peeling open the outer envelope and transferring the inner envelope by sterile forceps, or by projecting it across a sterile barrier, into the sterile area of the operating room. The sterile inner envelope is then opened at the time of use.
The package of the present invention has advantages over the prior art. After peeling open the outer envelope, the card containing the suture is exposed. The suture can then be dispensed without opening the card, either from the front (for right-handed arming), or the back (for left-handed arming). The needle is completely visible, as is its point orientation.
Another advantage is that the self-contained suture card can be printed with complete suture and needle identification. Special ink effects, e.g. striping and coloring used in the printing, allows a color coding description of the suture and/or needle materials for ease of identification.
The surgical suture card described is enclosed in an envelope. At least one web of the envelope is a clear (transparent) material which allows full visibility of the descriptive literature on the card. The envelope is sealed by methods known in the art, e.g. heat sealing.
An improved surgical suture package containing a single surgical suture strand (single- or double-armed, with or without a pledget) has been invented. The package comprises a paper or similar material card with four main rectangular panels, such that when folded in a prescribed manner, a suture compartment is created into which the suture may be manually or automatically wound.
The label is divided with perforations or scores into four main panels. Two of these panels 1, 2 are joined at one of the narrower ends. To one of these is connected a third panel 3 along the longer edge. To the other panel is connected a fourth panel 4 along the opposite longer edge. Along the joining edge of these two panels is an opening, either symmetric or asymmetric to the joining edge.
In addition to the main panels, there are three lesser flaps, each connected to a different panel. A flap with slits 5, designed for retaining the various surgical needles, is connected to the third panel on the available longer side. To the shorter edge of the second panel is attached a lesser flap 6 which completes the suture compartment when folded. To the longer edge of the fourth panel is connected a tab 7 which may be tucked into a slit in the second panel upon completion of folding.
Upon complete folding, the aforementioned opening creates a recess, through which the needled suture may be directly accessed without opening any flaps or tabs.
Further, an improvement may be made in which a foam block may be adhered with adhesive on the flap with slits 5 for embedding the needle for tip protection.