A flooring system for a vehicle having a corrugated floor comprises a plurality of flooring panels supported at their undersides by two or more registration members having locating members and other features for aligning the flooring panels vertically, laterally, and longitudinally. The flooring panels each have at least one longitudinally aligned load-bearing structure, such as in integrated track or a universal channel configured to receive a flanged track, filler material, or both. The registration members may have depending support members configured to engage in the valleys of the corrugated vehicle floor.

Technical Field
The embodiments described and claimed herein relate generally to a floor system of adequate strength for securing wheelchairs, chairs, and/or other cargo, that can be easily and quickly installed into existing vehicles, such as a van, by a single installer.
Background Art
U.S. Pat. No. 6, 595,142 ("the '142 patent") discloses a floor system for a vehicle that is composed of a plurality of parallel substantially plane pipe profiles. Installing the floor system of the '142 patent in a vehicle involves, first, creating a floor plate by interconnecting the pipe profiles, in some cases by their side flanges, and second, attaching the floor plate to the bottom of the vehicle. It is understood that Mobilityworks sells a system covered by the '142 patent under the Smartfloor™ trademark. The '142 patented system has disadvantages. For example, the first step of the '142 patented system (assembly of the floor plate) typically occurs outside of the vehicle. Because the assembled floor plate, which is made up of a plurality of floor profiles, is heavy, multiple people are required to safely move the assembled floor plate into place in the vehicle. This multiplies the installation labor costs as compared to the embodiments disclosed herein. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved floor system for securing wheelchairs in vehicles, wherein the floor profiles are not interconnected and are, instead, installed individually in a vehicle.


A game processing server apparatus, to which plural terminal devices each being operated by a player are connected via a network, configured to provide a game service to the plural terminal devices, includes a player management unit which manages an association of a target player with other plural players; and an event management unit which controls a generation of a predetermined event, manages an event generation status for each of the target player and the players associated with the target player, determines whether a specific event is already generated for the target player and the players associated with the target player by referring to the event generation status for each of the target player and the players associated with the target player, determines, based on the determined result, an event to be generated for the target player.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a game processing server apparatus and a game processing server system.
2. Description of the Related Art
A social game is provided in a social networking service (SNS), and is an online game in which a player plays the game while having communications with other players. As the social game is provided in the SNS, which is proposed for providing communications between participants, the social game is configured to provide more communications to the players compared with a previously known online game although such an online game also provides communications to the players.
As one kind of such social games, a social Role Playing Game (RPG) is known. In the social RPG, a quest (mission) is provided in which a player character operated by a player (user) goes through a predetermined area in a map while playing the game.
In this quest, various events are set to occur when the player character goes through the predetermined area while consuming energy points or the like. For example, the player character can learn magic power, a skill or the like by encountering and defeating an enemy character or encountering a bonus item. Further, when the player clears a quest in an area where a boss character is set, the boss character appears so that the player character can fight against the boss character. When the player character defeats the boss character, the player character can get a weapon or a reward.
Thus, the player tries to clear quests and expects to obtain an ability, a weapon, a reward or the like through the predetermined events.
In a previously known RPG or in a social RPG, the event to occur in the same quest is set to be almost the same for all of the players based on a scenario of the game.
Even in such a case, as long as the player enjoys the game by himself or herself, there may be no problem. Even when the same event occurs in the same quest for all of the players, the player recognizes the game as provided.
However, for the social game, the players often have communications with other players, and sometimes, the players make a team to compete with other teams. Thus, the players often know what kind of event is to occur and what will happen as a result in a specific quest before the player actually plays the quest. In such a case, if the event occurs as the player expects, the player can easily predict the result of the game so that the player may have a tedious feeling thereby lowering the enjoyment of the game.

Game processing server apparatus and game processing server system


Provided in one embodiment of the present invention is a method for measuring interference with user equipment (UE) using a licensed band and an unlicensed band, through carrier aggregation (CA) according to long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A). The method comprises the steps of: receiving, from a base station, configuration on the position of a resource for measuring interference in the unlicensed band; measuring, from the position of the resource on the unlicensed band, interference from a wireless LAN (WLAN), excluding interference from the LTE-A; and reporting the measured interference to the base station.

Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to mobile communication.
Related Art
3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) evolved from a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) is introduced as the 3GPP release 8. The 3GPP LTE uses orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) in a downlink, and uses single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) in an uplink.
Such LTE may be divided into a frequency division duplex (FDD) type and a time division duplex (TDD) type.
As set forth in 3GPP TS 36.211 V10.4.0, the physical channels in 3GPP LTE may be classified into data channels such as PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) and PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) and control channels such as PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PCFICH (physical control format indicator channel), PHICH (physical hybrid-ARQ indicator channel) and PUCCH (physical uplink control channel).
Meanwhile, since a larger number of recent communication devices demand much larger communication capacity, efficient utilization of finite frequency resources is getting more and more important in the next generation wireless communication system. Even a cellular communication system such as the LTE system considers using a unlicensed band such as the 2.4 GHz band employed for the existing WLAN systems or a unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz band for traffic offloading. The use of the LTE communications technology in the unlicensed band is called LTE-U.
Aside from the fact that a specific LTE-U based cell is interfered by a different LTE-U based cell, the specific cell may receive interference from a WLAN-based AP and STA.
Therefore, there needs a method for measuring such interference.

Method for measuring interference and user equipment for LTE-U


A system, method, and node for implementing lightweight Not-via Internet Protocol fast reroutes of a packet in a telecommunications network between a first node and a destination node. The method determines a shortest path between the first node and the destination node and two redundant trees between the first node and the destination node. Each redundant tree provides an alternate path from the first node and the destination node. When a failure in a link between the first node and the destination node is detected, the packet is forwarded to the destination node via a first redundant tree, and if not available, via a second redundant tree. If the second redundant tree is not available, the packet is dropped. If no failure in the link between the first node and the destination node is detected, the packet is sent via the determined shortest path to the destination node.

When using the traditional resilience methods in Internet Protocol (IP) networks, the re-routing of traffic around a failure can take a significant time. A primary reason for this slow reconfiguration is the reactive approach offered by conventional routing protocols, such as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) or the Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) routing protocol, which are widely deployed in modern IP networks. With existing protocols, fault recovery is assured by propagating the information about the failure in the network and re-computing the routing tables at each router. This is accomplished after a failure exists which increases the time necessary for re-routing a packet.
In contrast to traditional IP error correction techniques, which are fundamentally reactive, the new IP Fast Reroute (IPFRR) framework standardized in the Routing working group of Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposes proactive solutions. Thus, these methods are always ready to reroute packets. However, the reroute must be conducted locally through algorithms because there is no time for any communication. By using these algorithms, transient link errors may also be avoided. Since packets can reach the destination, the starting of the reconfiguration of the network can be delayed until the failure is verified.
Among the IPFRR techniques, methods using Not-via addresses are important in accomplishing re-routes. These methods use simple IP-in-IP tunnels to avoid a single failed resource, which is an inexpensive operation in current routers. The resource may be either a node or a link. If there is more than one failure, packets may not reach the destination. In such a situation, packets may be dropped, thereby preventing the formation of a loop.
Two redundant trees may be directed at spanning trees rooted at an arbitrary given node (root node) in such a way that there is a path from each node to the root on both trees. These paths are 'node-disjointed' to provide separate paths utilizing different nodes. Redundant trees can always be found, even in linear time, if the network is two-node connected. Thus, these trees may be used for resilience if the destination is the root node. Furthermore, if the graph used in defining the pathways of the packet is not two-node connected, two directed trees may be found in such a way that the two paths from any of the nodes to the root are maximally node and edge disjointed. These trees are known as maximally redundant trees and may also be found in linear time by a simple modification of the algorithm finding redundant trees. If a network is two-node-connected, perfect redundancy can be achieved since maximally redundant trees are also redundant trees. Furthermore, it is also possible to compute the next hops of two redundant trees. The necessary parts of the trees for resilience are rooted at each node as a root in linear time.
However, there are problems with the existing methods. The rerouting time of conventional routing protocols is too long. Studies have shown that using OSPF or IS-IS, rerouting time can take numerous seconds or longer in extreme cases. Gigabytes of data may be lost during this time period. Additionally, users of applications or the applications themselves may even lose their sessions. Obviously, for real time traffic, such as Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) or Voice over IP (VoIP), this slow response is even more undesirable.
The greatest problem of the simplest IPFRR techniques is that they can correct failures only in special cases (e.g., when multiple equal cost shortest paths (like in ECMP) or multiple loop free alternate paths exist to the destination).
Currently, there are only two IPFRR methods which can provide one hundred percent link fault recovery, Failure Insensitive Routing (FIR) and Not-via Addresses. However, neither of these techniques can always provide fast resilience when more than one failure occurs simultaneously.
The original FIR is prone to create loops when more than one link or, at least one node has failed. A loop is a forwarding cycle which is never left by packets. Packets are dropped when Time-To-Live (TTL) is up. There is a solution which can avoid these loops. However, when the loops are avoided, the paths used when no failure exists must generally be longer then the shortest paths.
The existing Not-via addresses also suffers from some disadvantages. Although Not-via Addresses uses the shortest paths when no failures are present, numerous IP addresses are used in order to avoid a failed resource if necessary. In such circumstances, the number of IP addresses scales quadratically. This high number of IP addresses raises the problem of managing these addresses. Furthermore, utilizing a Not-via method also increases the computational complexity. This method needs numerous shortest path computations. Thus, the time needed to download the computed routings to the line cards of the routers is also increased because of the high number of addresses. Additionally, a Not-via method utilizes several special cases, thereby making it difficult to debug and implement.

System and method of implementing lightweight not-via IP fast reroutes in a telecommunications network


A fixing device includes a fixing member, a pressure member, and a separation roller. The fixing member is configured to rotate in a first direction. The pressure member is configured to rotate in a second direction so as to allow fixing target to pass between the fixing member and the pressure member. The separation roller is configured to rotate only in the same direction as the first direction to separate the fixing target from the fixing member or to rotate only in the same direction as the second direction to separate the fixing target from the pressure member.

The present disclosure relates to fixing devices and image forming apparatuses including a fixing device.
Image forming apparatuses, such as copiers, printers, and facsimile machines, include an image forming section and a fixing device. The image forming section forms a toner image and transfers the formed toner image to paper (fixing target). Subsequently, the fixing device fixes the transferred toner image to the paper. Thus, the image is formed on the paper. A general fixing device includes a fixing roller which heats and melts a toner image to fix the toner image to paper and a pressure roller which applies pressure to paper against the fixing roller.
The adhesiveness of the melted toner may cause paper to be wound to the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller or the pressure roller in the fixing device in some cases. To tackle this problem, there is known a fixing device which additionally includes a separation means to separate paper wound around the fixing roller or the pressure roller from the fixing roller or the pressure roller.
For example, a fixing device is known which includes, as a separation means, a separation claw in contact with a roller. The separation claw comes into contact with the lead edge of paper that has passed on the roller. This can separate the paper from the roller. Thus, the paper can be prevented from being wound around the roller.
Where the separation claw is used as a separation means, the separation claw is in contact with the roller to rub a mold release layer coated on the surface of the roller. This may wear out the mold release layer. Further, such wearing out may tend to shorten the lifetime of the roller.
To tackle this problem, a fixing device is proposed in which the position of the separation claw in contact with the surface of the roller is changed to avoid local damage of the roller (hereinafter referred to as a first fixing device).
The first fixing device can avoid local damage of the roller to delay replacement of the roller. However, even in the first fixing device, the lifetime may be shortened due to wearing out since the separation claw is in contact with the roller. Further, in the first fixing device, paper dust or toner gathered by the separation claw in contact with the roller may return to the roller to cause significant impairment of the image quality. Moreover, where the separation claw is in contact with a fixing roller, which is to be heated to high temperature, a heat resistant material must be used as a material for the separation claw, which may invite an increase in manufacturing cost.
In order to avoid the above problems, which are cased due to contact between the separation claw and the roller, a fixing device is proposed which uses a separation plate as a separation means (hereinafter referred to as a second fixing device). In the second fixing device, the separation plate is arranged so as to be out of contact with the roller. This may prevent the lifetime of the roller from being shortened and the image quality from being impaired. In turn, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

Fixing device and image forming apparatus


An apparatus for comminuting material is provided. The apparatus includes two disks, which are arranged coaxially to one another inside a housing that encloses a comminuting room. The rim areas of the disks are positioned opposite one another, thus forming a milling gap, and are provided with interacting comminuting tools. To generate a mutual relative movement of the disks, at least one of the disks carries out a rotational motion around the mutual axis. To comminute the material, it is first fed into the comminuting room and subsequently radially channeled to the milling gap. For additional cooling, the disk on the intake side is arranged at an axial distance to the intake side of the housing front wall, thus forming a ringwheel-shaped cool air conduit. This can be charged with cool air, which flows through the conduit in a radial direction. In this way, the machine capacity can be increased without causing thermal damage to the material to be processed.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus for comminuting material having a cool air channel.
2. Description of the Background Art
During the comminuting of materials in conventional devices, a considerable part of the energy required for the comminuting is converted into heat. This is caused by friction and impact forces the materials are subjected to during the comminuting process, and which primarily affect the comminuting tools.
A characteristic of conventional devices during operation is air flow, which, apart from the centrifugal force, is the force that moves the materials. This so-called self-ventilation can be generated by the device itself and/or initiated from the outside. If the material is not heat-sensitive, the innate self-generated flow of air in conventional devices is sufficient to cool down the comminuting tools such that any adverse effects on the material are eliminated.
Problems occur on a regular basis, when heat-sensitive materials are to be comminuted. Especially when plastics with a low melting point are to be comminuted, operators of conventional devices face a difficult task. On the one hand, the milling of the material is to be done at barely below the melting point in order to attain as high a machine output as possible. If the material-dependent temperature limit is thereby exceeded, the material softens and begins to melt with the result that individual particles bake together such that the size of the particles and the particle distribution of the milled material are no longer within the desired range. On the other hand, the overheated particles bake onto the machine parts, particularly the milling tools, so that the machine efficiency as well as the quality of the finished product leave much to be desired.
This problem is compounded when fine-milling heat-sensitive materials because it was found that the finer the finished product is to be, the more comminuting work has to be done, and the greater the heat generation in the area of the comminuting tools will be.
To avoid thermal overstress of the material during the comminuting process, it is common to lower the machine output of comminuting devices. In this way, less comminuting work is done per unit of time, thus generating less excess heat. However, as a consequence, the comminuting apparatus does not operate at full capacity, which goes against the fundamental requirements for an economical operation of such devices. One conventional solution is to increase the air volume beyond the self-ventilation of a conventional comminuting device by adding blowers in order to be able to vent additional heat.
Moreover, a device is known from DE 360 295 A1 having two axially spaced milling disks for forming a milling gap. The disk on the material-intake side is rigidly attached to the housing and is provided with openings for feeding the material into the device. The rear disk is positioned on a drive shaft to execute a rotational movement. For additional cooling, the rear disk is thick-walled and provided with a hollow space. The drive shaft, which is formed as a hollow shaft, has two channels, one of which feeds cooling fluids into the hollow space, whereas the other serves as the return line for the cooling fluids from the hollow space.
From U.S. Pat. No. 3,302,893, a device is known, wherein two axially opposed and rotating milling disks form a radial milling gap. The disk at the material-intake side has two openings to feed the material to the milling gap. The drive shaft for the rear milling disk is a hollow shaft for forming a cooling channel, from which cooling lines that are arranged in a star-shaped pattern in the area of the rear disk, lead to the comminuting tools. Cooling fluids from the cooling lines are directed to the area of the comminuting tools.
An additional device of this class is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,584,799. A milling disc rotates opposite a stationary milling ring, which is arranged at the intake side of the housing. The stationary milling ring is cooled with cool water, which is introduced via an annular groove in the housing, and distributed.
The disadvantage of this device is the need to provide a further cooling medium in addition to air. The additional technical expenditure necessary for storing, cooling, and conveying the cooling medium makes this device costly, in regard to both acquisition and operation.

Apparatus for comminuting material having a cool air channel


Oxidase-based sensors and methods of using the sensors are provided.

In the management of many conditions, the regular measurement of analytes in vivo is required. For example, measurement of glucose in the blood is essential in order to ensure correct insulin dosing in diabetic patients. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that in the long-term care of the diabetic patient, better control of the blood glucose levels can delay, if not prevent, the onset of retinopathy, circulatory problems, and other degenerative diseases often associated with diabetes. Thus there is a need for reliable and accurate self-monitoring of blood glucose levels by diabetic patients.
Currently, blood glucose is monitored by diabetic patients with the use of commercially available test strips or electrochemical biosensors (e.g. enzyme electrodes), both of which require the regular use of a lancet-type instrument to withdraw a suitable amount of blood each time a measurement is made. On average, the majority of diabetic patients would use such instruments to take a measurement of blood glucose twice a day. However, the US National Institutes of Health recently recommended that blood glucose testing should be carried out at least four times a day, a recommendation that has been endorsed by the American Diabetes Association. This increase in the frequency of blood glucose testing imposes a considerable burden on the diabetic patient, both in terms of financial cost and in terms of pain and discomfort, particularly in the long-term diabetic who has to make regular use of a lancet to draw blood from the fingertips. Thus, there is clearly a need for a better long-term glucose monitoring system that does not involve drawing blood from the patient.
The in vivo regular measurement of analytes, other than, or in addition to glucose, is important for a number of conditions. For example, lactate is a key biomarker for assessment of health, disease state, acute conditions (e.g. sepsis and trauma), metabolic activity, and exercise physiology. Increased blood lactate levels (hyperlactatemia) are common in critically ill patients, and often indicate issues such as inadequate tissue oxygenation, increased glycolysis, and organ failure, which tend to result in increased morbidity and mortality. Lactate is on the most frequently conducted standard analyte panels and is a standard diagnostic element in critical care. Measurements can be made in a central laboratory or using point-of care devices, but repeated blood draw measurements must be made throughout the treatment process. Additionally, these measurements are typically not started until the patient is admitted to the hospital. A lactate sensor that could be used in the field would allow first responders to begin monitoring immediately, providing an early assessment by the time the patient reaches the emergency room. Furthermore, such a sensor could be beneficial in non-traditional clinical environments such as developing countries and military field operations.
Over the last several decades, many attempts have been made to develop implanted sensors that provide frequent or continuous monitoring. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,703,756 to Gough et al. filed May 6, 1986, describes a sensor module for implantation in the body to monitor glucose and oxygen levels. However, due to electrical failure, degradation of the analyte recognition element (typically an enzyme), component degradation and delamination, these sensors typically fail after a relatively short period of time (e.g., hours to days). Another major failure mode of in vivo sensors is not failure of the sensor itself, but rather changes in the tissue immediately adjacent to the sensor due to the implantation of the sensor. The tissue at the interface of the sensor changes in such a way that it is no longer representative of the overall body state or disease state or analyte of interest.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,228,159 describes a sensor comprising a plurality of non-biodegradable sensing particles embedded in a biodegradable matrix for injection into the dermis. However, as the matrix degrades, the sensing particles are ingested by macrophages and removed from the implant site. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 6,671,527 describes a sensor which is injected into epidermis and is ejected over time due to the normal sloughing of skin. U.S. Patent Application No. 2009/0131773 describes a carbohydrate (e.g., glucose) sensor made up of at least two different variants of an appropriate competitive binding assay.
Nielsen et al. (2009) J. Diabetes Science and Technology 3(1):98-109, Billingsley et al. (2010) Anal. Chem. 82(9):3707-3713 and McShane et al. (2000) IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 19:36-45 describe implantation of analyte-sensing microspheres or nanospheres. These individual sensing particles are taken up by macrophages if they are too small, and can migrate through the tissue, which is not desirable for explantation and not desirable to have the fluorescent signal disperse in an uncontrolled way. If the sensing particles are too big to be taken up by macrophages, they undergo the typical foreign body response (FBR), which limits the proximity of capillaries with respect to the implant. As sensors become encapsulated by avascular tissue, they lose ability to accurately sense blood borne analytes and as they become engulfed by phagocytic cells (small particles), they lose contact with interstitial fluid, which is the compartment necessary to be sensed for components such as glucose. Therefore, current sensing technologies typically fail after only a short time in the body (e.g., 2-7 days for commercially available sensors).
Thus, there remains a clear need for sensing technologies that provide long-term (e.g., weeks, months or years) and accurate readings by remaining in contact with interstitial fluid (not the internal cellular environment) and remaining in close proximity to the vasculature so that the interstitial fluid surrounding the sensor is in constant rapid equilibrium with nearby capillaries.


A positioning method includes: obtaining first time information of a first to-be-positioned node, second time information of a second to-be-positioned node, position information of at least three collaborative nodes with known positions, and third time information of the at least three collaborative nodes with known positions; and determining position information of the first to-be-positioned node and position information of the second to-be-positioned node according to the first time information, the second time information, the third time information, and the position information of the at least three collaborative nodes with known positions.

An indoor positioning technology is a technology for navigating to and tracking an indoor object in an indoor environment. Among indoor positioning technologies, a common positioning technology is a ranging-based positioning technology, and a principle of the ranging-based positioning technology is as follows: Distance measurement is performed between a to-be-positioned node and a plurality of anchor nodes, to obtain a plurality of groups of distance information, and then, a position of the to-be-positioned node is determined based on the plurality of groups of distance information and by using a positioning algorithm similar to triangulation or the like.
FIG. 1 shows a collaborative positioning framework based on FTM (Fine Timing Measurement) communication performed between an AP (anchor node) and a to-be-positioned node. In the collaborative positioning framework shown in FIG. 1, a collaborative node SN (which may be S2, S3, or S4 in FIG. 1) located around the AP and the to-be-positioned node collaborates with the AP in positioning U that is regarded as the to-be-positioned node. A positioning process is as follows.
U sends an FTM request to the AP. After receiving the FTM request, the AP initiates FTM measurement, and sends an FTM action frame (fine timing measurement action frame). After receiving the FTM action frame, U sends a fine timing measurement response frame, for example, sends a feasible manner ACK (Acknowledgement) of the fine timing measurement response frame. In a process in which the AP sends the FTM action frame and U sends the ACK, the AP obtains a sending time of the FTM action frame and a receiving time of the ACK, U obtains a receiving time of the FTM action frame and a sending time of the ACK, and similarly, each collaborative node SN also obtains t2_SN and t3_SN. t2_SN is a receiving time at which a collaborative node SN receives the FTM action frame, and t3_SN is a receiving time at which a collaborative node SN receives the ACK.
Then, each collaborative node SN sends obtained time information (t2_SN and t3_SN) and position information of the collaborative node SN to the AP; the AP sends, to U, all time information, position information of the AP, and position information of each SN; and U performs calculation according to the information to obtain position information of U. All the time information sent by the AP includes the time information obtained by each SN, and the sending time of the FTM action frame and the receiving time of the ACK that are obtained by the AP.
However, in the collaborative positioning framework shown in FIG. 1, within a wireless communications range of the to-be-positioned node, one AP and at least two collaborative nodes SNs with known positions are required, so that the to-be-positioned node can calculate its position information by using one FTM handshake with one AP. If there are N to-be-positioned nodes in the collaborative positioning framework, at least N FTM handshakes are required to obtain position information of all the to-be-positioned nodes, leading to higher signaling overheads in a network. One FTM handshake is equivalent to one interaction between two signaling FTM_K and ACK_K. The FTM_K indicates that the AP sends the FTM action frame for the Kth time, the ACK_K indicates that a STA sends the ACK for the Kth time, and the ACK is a feasible manner of the fine timing measurement response frame.

Positioning method and positioning apparatus


There is disclosed a sealing material for an ant groove, wherein the sealing material is easy to fit to the ant groove and little involves a phenomenon such that the sealing material unfavorably slips out of the ant groove in the form of remaining fixing to the opposite member when the sealed place is opened, and wherein the sealing material can exercise the good sealing function. The sectional shape of the sealing material has: a straight bottom edge 34 which is disposed on a bottom face of the ant groove 12; an arched convex edge 31 which contacts with the other member 20; a first projecting edge 33 which projects outside; a concave inlet portion 39; a second projecting edge which is composed of straight lines 35, 36 that project outside; a straight sloping edge 38; and at least one corner portion 37a-c which is constituted in the range of from the straight bottom edge 34 via the second projecting edge 35, 36 to the sloping edge 38.

There are known arts in which an ant groove having a trapezoidal sectional shape is utilized as a sealing structure in a sealed place required to have airtightness.
The ant groove structure has a merit such that the fitted sealing material little falls off. The ant groove structure is assumed to be a structure suitable for such as gate valves which repeat their opening and closing.
There are proposed various arts of improving the shape or structure of the sealing material in order to enhance performances such as airtightness as to the above sealing structure which utilizes the ant groove.
Patent document 1 proposes a sealing material for an ant groove wherein the sealing material is approximately in the shape of a teardrop such that a larger arched portion and a smaller arched portion are connected together through a straight edge. The fitting is facilitated by pressing first the smaller arched portion of the sealing material into the ant groove. In a fitted state, it is assumed that: one straight edge contacts with a bottom face of the ant groove, and the smaller arched portion fits into an inner corner at one side of the ant groove, and another straight edge contacts with an inner sloping face of the ant groove, whereby the sealing material is disposed in a stable state, so that there occurs little twisting.
Patent document 2 relating to a patent application previously made by the applicant of the present patent application discloses a sealing material for an ant groove wherein the sealing material comprises: circular-arc-shaped projecting portions which project in three directions; and concave inlet portions, each of which is located between the projecting portions. When fitted to the ant groove, this sealing material for an ant groove can be passed comparatively easily through a narrow opening of the ant groove by pressing the opposite circular-arc-shaped projecting portion side of the sealing material into the ant groove, with one concave inlet portion of the sealing material as the base point in a state where this concave inlet portion is disposed on an opening edge of the ant groove. In a state where the sealing material is fitted to the ant groove, a pair of circular-arc-shaped projecting portions disposed in a bilaterally symmetrical shape contact with the bottom face of the ant groove and, in the center, the remaining one circular-arc-shaped projecting portion contacts with a member facing the ant groove, whereby the good elastic deformation or sealing function can be performed.
[Patent Document 1]                JP-A-510286/1997 (Kohyo)
[Patent Document 2]                JP-A-130481/2002 (Kokai)
The aforementioned prior arts also have problems such that: the fitting to the ant groove is difficult to carry out, or the falling off from the ant groove tends to occur.
In the art of the patent document 1, after the teardrop-shaped sealing material for an ant groove has been inserted into the ant groove with the smaller arched portion of the sealing material down, the smaller arched portion must be pressed into the inner corner at one side of the ant groove in a way that the entirety of the sealing material is twisted. The motion of properly twisting the entirety of the sealing material for the ant groove in the narrow ant groove is difficult, and the fitting has directionality. Therefore, misfitting tends to be caused. From above the ant groove, it cannot be checked whether the smaller arched portion has surely be disposed into the inner corner at one side or not. Thus, there is a worry that the use is made with the fitting left insufficient. In addition, the occupation ratio of the sealing material to the ant groove is so small that, in the case where compressed repeatedly, the sealing material repeats its contact with the inner wall surface of the ant groove and therefore tends to generate particles due to friction.
As to the art of the patent document 2, the fitting to the ant groove is easier than that of the teardrop-shaped sealing material of the patent document 1. However, the motion of gyratorily pressing the opposite circular-arc-shaped projecting portion side into the ant groove, with the aforementioned concave inlet portion as the base point, needs great force. Its reason can be considered to be that, unless the entirety of the circular-arc-shaped projecting portion is elastically deformed, the sealing material cannot be passed through the opening of the ant groove. When an attempt is made to release the sealing made with the sealing material for an ant groove, such as when a motion of opening a gate valve is made, there occurs a phenomenon such that the sealing material for an ant groove unfavorably slips out of the ant groove in the form of having attached to the opposite member. This fixation phenomenon is a phenomenon which greatly occurs between a sealing material (e.g. rubber) and a metal member when the sealing material is applied to such as a gate valve of a semiconductor production apparatus, to the sealed place of which a fixation-preventing means such as greasing or coating cannot be applied. The concave inlet portions, which are disposed in positions bilaterally symmetrical as to the concave inlet portion that is utilized as the base point during the fitting, do not take part in the fitting function. Therefore, there is a possibility that the elastic repulsive force or sealing function of the sealing material for an ant groove may be spoiled correspondingly to the presence of the concave inlet portions in three places.


Provided is a radio base station apparatus capable of transmitting a control signal efficiently even in radio communications using a system band that includes a plurality of component carriers. In the radio base station apparatus, control signals of transport blocks corresponding to the plural component carriers are coded jointly and the coded control signal is assigned to one or plural component carriers to be transmitted. A mobile terminal apparatus receives data from the radio base station apparatus, separates the control signal from the received data and decodes the separated control signal thereby to obtain control information of the transport blocks of the corresponding component carriers.

In UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) network, for the purpose of improving the frequency use efficiency and enhancing data rates, HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) and HSUPA (High Speed Uplink Packet Access) have been adopted to make the best use of the features of W-CDMA-based system. In this UMTS network, LTE (Long Term Evolution) has been considered for further more enhanced data rates and lower delay (for example, see Non-Patent Literature 1). This LTE system uses, as a multiplexing system, OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) for the downlink and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) for the uplink.
In the LTE system, when receiving a signal from a radio base station apparatus, a mobile terminal apparatus demodulates a control signal addressed to itself and controls with use of transmission power control information and scheduling information contained in the control signal. In this case, the mobile terminal apparatus demaps a signal that is mapped to a frequency area within a system band of each system and demodulates the demapped signal, and then, determines whether the signal is addressed to itself or not (blind decoding). Then, it transmits and receives a shared data channel signal in accordance with radio resource allocation information contained in the control signal addressed to itself.
In the 3rd-generation system, generally, the transfer rate of about 2 Mbps at the maximum can be realized for the downlink with use of a 5 MHz fixed band. Meanwhile, in the LTE system, the downlink transfer rate of about 300 Mbps at the maximum and the uplink transfer rate of about 75 Mbps can be realized with use of a variable band of 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz. Besides, in the UMTS network, in order to achieve further broader bands and higher speeds, LTE's successor system has been considered (for example, LTE-A (LTE-Advanced)). In this LTE-A system, for example, the LTE's maximum system band of 20 MHz can be expanded to about 100 MHz.

Radio base station apparatus, mobile terminal apparatus and radio communication method


An electric hand control, especially for electrically adjustable hospital and care beds and comprising a housing (1) constructed as a single trough shaped shell with a bottom and side walls, and wherein a printed circuit (2) with switches is mounted and above the switches there is a plate with tongue like shaped keys, and finally there is a cover foil (6) with indication of the keys and secured to the upper edge of the sides of the shell. As the housing is a single shell for one thing manufacturing of two difficult parts is avoided, for another assembling of these are avoided in the assembling process, and finally an assembling with a risk of leak is avoided. By further equipping the printed circuit and the cable with a plug (12a) the assembly is made easier. In this connection it is expedient that the spout (10) is equipped with an oval through going hole, so that the plug at the end of the cable can be led through the spout.

1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to an electric hand control especially for electrically adjustable hospital and care beds.
2. The Prior Art
Such hand controls are made of two plastic shells which combined constitute a closed housing. The assembly can be made with screws, by gluing or to ultrasound welding. Before the shells are joined, a printed circuit with switches and with a cable soldered onto it lead through a spout in the back of the hand control is inserted. In the upper plastic shell are keys, typically in the form of springy tongues, and a foil with graphics, localizing the keys and their function is mounted over the top side. By hospital and care beds it is demanded that the hand controls are humidity- and watertight, as they are washed and disinfected with the bed in washing tunnels designed especially for that purpose. In that respect it is rather difficult to make the joining of the two plastic shells properly watertight.
The object of the invention is to provide a hand control with a simplified structure, which allows for better sealing.
This is achieved according to the invention by constructing the hand control as just one shell, which means that the manufacturing of two parts and the joining of these during the assembly process is avoided, and a joining with the risk that it is not tight is avoided. The assembling is simply done by placing the parts in the shell and finally closing it with the cover foil.
By mounting the cover foil on a thread of a step down in the upper edge of the side wall of the shell, the edge of the cover foil is protected from unintended damage and at the same time the fastening is made easier as the edge in the step contributes to a unique and steady positioning of the cover foil. When the foil is mounted with an adhesive, a small surplus can be used, which collects in the crossing between the foil and the edge in the step or at least make sure that the adhesive reaches the edge. As already mentioned the hand control needs cleaning from time to time, for which purpose a distance of the side wall of the shell, preferably in one end of the hand control is lead on a level with the top side of the cover foil. This prevents accumulations of water on the top side of the hand control, just like dirt effectively can be wiped off through the opening. It is noted that the opening also contributes to an easier mounting of the cover foil.
The printed circuit and the plate with the keys can be fastened in various manners in the housing, but expediently the printed circuit is placed loosely on some support ribs while the plate is held in the housing with inter active snap lock connections. The use of screws, and particularly screws on the top side of the plate which can fret a hole in the cover foil, is thereby avoided. Altogether an even and smooth surface with a minimum of interruption is achieved, which ensures a good and lasting attachment of the cover foil.
A number of advantages are gained by constructing the plate with the keys made from a two component plastic material. So that the plate in a single process can be moulded with corresponding bricks, which constitutes the keys in a hard plastics, where the keys, preferably with strings, are connected to the surrounding part of the plate with a flexible plastic material. In embodiments of the hand control with locking function, i.e. where the switches with turn buttons are made inactive, the turn bottoms are sealed with the same two component plastic material by making the edge of the openings in the plate, wherein the turn buttons are placed, from the flexible plastic material, so that it forms a sealing against the turning knob. The two component material can also be used when securing the printed circuit and plate by equipping the plate with legs, which rests on the top side of the printed circuit with a foot for holding this. The foot is also made from the elastic plastic material, which for one thing has the advantage that the manufacturing tolerances are absorbed in the elastic feet and for another that the elasticity in the feet causes the previous mentioned snap lock connection to be held in secure mesh by the spring force. Finally it is advantageous to use a transparent plastic material for the plate when the hand control is equipped with background lighting. Thus light diodes can be mounted on the printed circuit and the light is distributed through the transparent plate and through selected completely or partially transparent areas of the cover foil, typically as markings for the keys.
Where cable connected hand controls are concerned, the cable is led through a hole in the housing, which provides basis for a good sealing. By making the hole in the housing with an oval cross section it will make the lead-in of the cable with plug easier and at the same time wider plugs can be used. Cuts in the top side of the side wall which can disturb the fastening of the cover foil and which can be difficult to seal is thereby avoided. The hole in the housing can be tube shaped, which is a good sealing surface and the spout on the cable can be equipped with sealing rings. As strain relief the spout can be equipped with a collar by the outer end, which when led into the housing rests against the inner side of the side wall of the housing. Logistically and in respect to the assembly it is an advantage to secure the cable to the printed circuit with a socket. Juggling with an unmanageable part like a printed circuit with a long cable soldered onto it in the assembly process is avoided. Logistically it is easy to make an individually adjustment of the cable length.
Further features of the invention will be explained more fully below in connection with an embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Electric hand control, especially for electrically adjustable hospital and care beds


An immersible lamp for use in a photochemical reactor has an outer bulb (10) surrounding an inner discharge tube (1) which can be cooled by a flow of inert gas such as nitrogen from a supply chamber (23) though hollow guide rods (6, 7) into a remote end (27) of the outer bulb, and back out through an outlet hole (18) and an exhaust chamber (24). In order to facilitate swapping out of the discharge tube (1) in the event of burnout or changes in output power or output spectrum requirements, without the need for welding or glassblowing expertise, the discharge tube (1) is mounted in a pair of sockets (4,5), one of which (4) is axially slidable. The socket is spring-loaded (8), and thus readily adapts to discharge tubes of differing lengths. The socket slides along guide rods (6, 7, 16) which also serve as electrical supply conductors to the sockets (4, 5). Spacer elements (11) help maintain alignment of the guide rods, sockets, and discharge tube with respect to the axis (12) of the outer bulb (10).

Brochure Heraeus Original Hanau D 310625/2C 9.89/VN PK, published in 1989 by W. C. Heraeus GmbH, parent company of the assignee of the present application, discloses, on page 13 thereof, an immersible lamp of modular construction and featuring a high-pressure mercury discharge tube 1. FIG. 8 shows that the discharge tube is fastened with a discharge tube holder 2 and electrical supply line, using clamps and seals. The immersible tube 4, in turn, is suspended within a cooling tube 5 with clamps and seals. A head plate 3.3 supports the tubes and is equipped with an inlet 3.1 and an outlet 3.2 to permit a flow of inert gas to cool the tubes. The cooling tube offers the possibility of water cooling between immersible tube and reaction mass. The connection of the head plate or immersible lamp head with the immersible tube, as well as the connection of the immersible tube with the cooling tube, is accomplished by means of standard flange connections.

Immersible lamp for a photochemical reactor


A servo valve for an actuator is described. The servo valve comprises a housing having a plurality of ports, a sleeve disposed within the housing, the sleeve comprising an axis (A), an inner surface defining a cavity for the servo valve and a plurality of metering holes, each in communication with one of the ports, and a metering rod extending axially in the cavity for reciprocation along the axis to meter flow through the metering holes. The servo valve additionally comprises a first spring seal extending between the metering rod and the sleeve to close off a first end of the cavity and a second spring seal extending between the metering rod and the sleeve to close off a second, opposite end of the cavity.

Single stage pneumatic servo valves are known for use in aircraft air management systems such as: engine bleed, cabin air conditioning, pressurization or wing and cowl anti ice protection. Such servo valves are required to operate at various pressures and temperatures depending on their location in the aircraft air management system. They are typically disposed to engage with an actuator, the actuator being further disposed to engage with an air valve such as a butterfly valve. For fast acting air valve actuators, relatively large flows are required depending on size of the actuator and the air valve slew rate. Servo valves that engage fast acting air valve actuators need to handle larger flows of fluid and provide desired output (pressure recovery) proportional to control current.
In order to handle high flow rates larger orifice areas within the servo valve are required. For flapper-nozzle type servo valves, when dealing with high flow rates, higher flow forces act in the direction of flapper movement along the nozzle orifice axis. A torque motor used in such valves is required to overcome them and this causes issues with performance stability of the flapper-nozzle servo valves.
Typical single stage pneumatic servo valves used in aircraft air management systems also experience difficulties in handling an increase of ambient fluid temperatures and supply fluid temperatures, especially in the engine high pressure bleed location where high temperature conditions exceed design limits of compounds used for O-ring and electrical insulation materials commonly used within single stage pneumatic servo valves.


A method and apparatus for providing IP-VPN services for customers and service providers utilizing layer-2 point-to-point connectivity. The method and apparatus include exchanging unique loop-back addresses of customer edges (CE) between the CEs via a respective data virtual circuit therebetween, and sending IP addresses of customer networks associated with each CE to an associated IP service controller (IPSC). The associated IPSC broadcasts the IP addresses of the associated customer networks to other IPSCs, and each CE sends to an associated IPSC, a list of received loop-back addresses. Each IPSC then sends to an associated CE, customer network addresses received from other IPSCs, and each CE populates a local routing table with information mapping the customer networks with a data virtual circuit.

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a cost effective and secure way of extending enterprise network resources over a shared public data network. Popular uses of VPNs are to interconnect multiple geographically dispersed sites of an enterprise (known as intranet/extranet VPN) and to provide remote users access to the enterprise resources (known as remote access VPN). The VPN functions as an overlay network that uses the public network to carry data traffic between corporate sites and users, maintaining privacy through the use of tunneling protocols and security procedures.
Two common approaches used to implement a service provider (SP) based IP-VPN are Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) and "virtual routers" (VR). The MPLS approach is articulated in an Internet protocol proposal Request for Comment (RFC) 2547 (RFC 2547) entitled "BGPIMPLS VPN'S", authored by E. Rosen and Y. Rekhter (as well as in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) draft (2nd version) 2547bis), which is rapidly gaining acceptance in the industry.
MPLS is a widely supported method of speeding up IP-based data communications over service provider networks. MPLS utilizes routers at the ingress and egress edges of the service provider network where routing and forwarding function (i.e., tables) are implemented. Accordingly, the core network may comprise such routers (i.e., P-routers) or MPLS switches.
IP data from a customer edge (CE) device (e.g., router) is sent to an ingress provider edge (PE) router using, for example, frame relay access, where the PE router prepends one or more labels to the packet headers. The labels comprise routing information (i.e., a destination address), and the labeled packets are forwarded to the core network by the PE router (i.e., label switch router (LSR)). The core network devices (e.g., switches) examine the labels and route the packets to the egress PE router, where the labels are removed and the packets are then sent to the destination site.
Service providers implementing only ATM or Frame Relay switches in their networks are incapable of providing MPLS-like services for IP packets, since these type switches cannot process the IP packets. For example, an ATM switch processes and forwards fixed length 53-byte ATM cells, while a frame relay switch processes and forwards variable length packet frames. A service provider may upgrade the network to include IP enabled edge devices, such as ingress and egress label switch routers, but such an upgrade may be considered costly to both the service provider and the customers. Accordingly, there is a need to provide IP-VPN services for customers and service providers utilizing layer-2 point-to-point connectivity, such as ATM, frame relay, and the like, in a cost effective manner.

Managed IP routing services for L2 overlay IP virtual private network (VPN) services


The present invention provides an information processing apparatus capable of improving the operability of an installation screen. The information processing apparatus of the present invention starts up an application on an operating system to perform information processing. This information processing apparatus includes: installation means for installing the application; display means for displaying, when the application is installed, an installation screen on which a plurality of buttons, each associated with each of a plurality of setting items and operated by a user, are arranged; detection means for detecting a use environment of the information processing apparatus; and display control means for allowing, among the buttons arranged on the installation screen, the button relevant to the use environment detected by the detection means to be displayed on the display means so as to be relatively increased in display level with respect to the other buttons.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-62978 discloses a conventional information processing apparatus. This information processing apparatus starts up an application on an operating system to perform information processing. This information processing apparatus includes display means and display control means.
When an application is started up to perform information processing, the display means displays an operation screen on which a plurality of buttons to be operated by a user are arranged. Each button is associated with each different information processing. Further, when the user has selected and pressed a specified button among these buttons, this information processing apparatus performs information processing associated with this selected button.
The display control means calculates, for the respective buttons arranged on the operation screen, the frequency of use based on the pressing carried out by the user, and allows the frequently used button to be displayed on the display means so as to be changed in shape (such as size, form, color, brightness, transmittance, or button depth, for example).
In the conventional information processing apparatus formed as described above, the frequently used button is displayed on the operation screen so as to be distinct from the other buttons by the display means and the display control means. Therefore, the user can recognize whether or not the frequency of use is high for each button, and can easily determine which of the buttons is to be selected. As a result, this information processing apparatus is capable of improving the operability of the operation screen displayed when an application is started up to perform information processing.

Information processing apparatus, information processing method and information recording medium


A method and an apparatus for improving power output efficiency of a line driver are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining a current working parameter of an xDSL subscriber board, where the current working parameter includes at least one of a working mode configured on a subscriber port of the xDSL subscriber board and current output power of the subscriber port; and determining, according to the current working parameter, a control signal for a line driver in the xDSL subscriber board and outputting the control signal.

An x Digital Subscriber Loop (x digital subscriber Loop, xDSL) technology includes: an Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Loop (asymmetrical digital subscriber Loop, ADSL) technology, and a Very-high-speed Digital Subscriber line2 (very-high-speed digital subscriber line2, VDSL2) technology. The VDSL2 technology is applied in a broadband access device more and more widely.
A line driver of an xDSL subscriber board, for example, a VDSL2 subscriber board, is generally a class AB line driver (also called a CLASS AB line driver). A power supply voltage (V+ and V−) of the class AB line driver generally needs to satisfy a maximum voltage swing requirement of an output signal. However, in most cases, the output signal of the VDSL2 subscriber board is a small voltage swing signal, and a proportion of large voltage swing signals is small, so that currently a problem of low power output efficiency exists in the line driver of the VDSL2 subscriber line board.
In order to improve the power output efficiency of the line driver of the xDSL subscriber board, for example, the VDSL2 subscriber board, a currently-adopted method includes: adopting a class H line driver (also called a CLASS H line driver) as the line driver of the VDSL2 subscriber board, where the class H line driver includes the class AB line driver and a signal detection and charge pump circuit. The signal detection and charge pump circuit is configured to detect a voltage swing of an input signal. When the voltage swing of the input signal exceeds a predetermined threshold level, the signal detection and charge pump circuit linearly adjusts a power supply voltage of the class AB line driver according to a signal waveform of an excessive part, so that the power supply voltage of the class AB line driver can follow a voltage waveform of an output signal. In this way, when a subscriber port of the VDSL2 subscriber board outputs a small voltage swing signal, the power supply voltage of the class AB line driver is of a small voltage value, thus improving the power output efficiency of the class AB line driver and reducing energy consumption of the VDSL2 subscriber board.
In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that: The subscriber port of the xDSL subscriber board, for example, the VDSL2 subscriber board, generally supports a various working modes (for example, working modes such as 12a, 17a, 8b, and ADSL2+ specified in the ITU standards), and a big difference exists between maximum transmission power of signals on the subscriber port in different working modes and a big difference exists between voltage peak-to-average ratios of signals on the subscriber port in different working modes, but the power supply voltage provided for the class H line driver and the predetermined threshold level are fixed, so that the subscriber port of the xDSL subscriber board, for example, the VDSL2 subscriber board, cannot achieve optimal power output efficiency in various working modes. Furthermore, static power consumption of the class H line driver including the signal detection and charge pump circuit is higher than that of the class AB line driver. In this way, when the subscriber port outputs a small power signal, the power consumption of the class H line driver is higher than that of the class AB line driver.

Method and apparatus for improving power output efficiency of line driver


The disclosure herein generally relates to image processing, and, more particularly, to a method and system for impurity detection using multi-modal image processing. This system uses a combination of polarization data, and at least one of a depth data and an RGB image data to perform the impurity material detection. The system uses a graph fusion based approach while processing the captured images to detect presence of the impurity material, and accordingly alert the user.

In industrial processing and in other such applications in which processing of raw materials is involved, one important requirement is that the raw materials being processed is pure and impurity free, so as to improve quality of output, and to also make sure that the equipment/machinery used for the raw material processing are not damaged (which can happen if impurity materials are present). For example, if the impurities are big, then they may not be crushed by the subsequent stages of processing, and this may lead to system tripping and it may take a few hours to get the system back to functioning mode. This can cause huge losses to the industry. Detection and localization of foreign particles mixed with any homogeneous background material/raw material like coal in real-time with very low latency hence is a major requirement. Such particles going unnoticed can adversely affect the performance of any system/machine that processes the materials.
The inventors here have recognized several technical problems with such conventional systems, as explained below. As manual inspection of the materials is a cumbersome and error-prone task, there are various systems that are designed to perform impurity/foreign particle detection. Some of the state of the art systems rely on image processing based techniques for the impurity detection purpose. Current image-processing based technologies in the domain of impurity detection rely on RGB (Red-Green-Blue) and RGB-D (Depth) image processing algorithms which segment out the image and formulate the contour. However these techniques have limitations with respect to background and foreground check and identification of the native material and impurities.

Method and system for impurity detection using multi-modal imaging


Methods and system for identification of dimer species using online chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry are provided. Also provided are methods and system for quantitation of heterodimer species using immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Protein biopharmaceutical products have emerged as important drugs for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune disease, infection and cardiometabolic disorders, and they represent one of the fastest growing product segments of the pharmaceutical industry.
The strategy of co-formulating two or more therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and/or active proteins into one final drug product has gained a lot of popularity recently offering several advantages, including increased efficacy, overall reduced adverse events and improved patient convenience and compliance. Formulating two different mAbs and/or active proteins in a single formulation may be problematic and involves choosing excipients and conditions that may represent a compromise. In addition to challenges for formulation development, co-formulated drugs also present significant challenges for analytical characterization. For example, differentiation and quantitation of different dimer forms present in a co-formulated drug under normal storage or stressed conditions may be challenging and often cannot be achieved by traditional methods such as size exclusion chromatography.
Protein biopharmaceutical products including co-formulated preparations must meet very high standards of purity. Thus, it may be important to monitor any impurities in the co-formulated drug at different stages of drug development, production, storage and handling. Analytical methods for assays for characterization should display sufficient accuracy and resolution to detect and quantify the desired product. Direct analysis can require isolation of the product in a sufficiently large amount for the assay, which is undesirable and has only been possible in selected cases.
There is a long felt need in the art for a method and/or system for characterizing the co-formulated preparations.

Quantitation and identification of dimers in co-formulations


The invention relates to a method of diagnosis of colorectal cancer in a diagnostic sample of a valid body tissue taken from a human subject, which comprises detecting an increased concentration of a protein in the diagnostic sample, compared with a control, normal human sample, the protein being: transforming growth factor-beta induced protein IG-H3 (SwissProt Acc. No. Q15582); suppressor of G2 allele of SKP1 homolog (isoform 2) (SwissProt Acc. No. Q9Y2Z0-2); hypothetical protein (part of URG4) (SwissProt Acc. No. Q9NWR7); calponin-2 (SwissProt Acc. No. Q99439); heat shock protein HSP90-beta (SwissProt Acc. No. P08238); phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (SwissProt Acc. No. P18669); serpin C1 protein (SwissProt Acc. No. P01008); or haptoglobin precursor (SwissProt Acc. No. P00738); or a decreased concentration of a protein in the diagnostic sample, compared with a control, normal human sample, the protein being serotransferrin (SwissProt Acc. No. P02787); 26S proteasome subunit p40.5 (Swiss Prot Acc. No. Q9UNM7); aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (SwissProt Acc. No. O60218); fructosamine-3-kinase (SwissProt Acc. No. Q9H479); peripherin (SwissProt Acc. No. P41219); alpha-2-macroglobulin (SwissProt Acc. No. P01023); serpin C1 protein (SwissProt Acc. No. P01008); or apolipoprotein A IV (SwissProt Acc. No. P06727). The same proteins can be used for prognosis by detecting changes in their concentration in the course of treatment for colorectal cancer.

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
2. Description of the Related Art
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer in the world. Serum tumour markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (Gold and Freedman, 1965), cytokeratins (Moll et al. 1982), CA19-9, CA 242 (Nilsson et al. 1992), CA 72-4 (Fernandez-Fernandez et al. 1995), VEGF (Broll et al. 2001), p53 (Shiota et al. 2000; Hammel et al. 2000), HNP 1-3 (Albrethsen et al. 2005), RCAS1 (Yamagushi et al. 2005), Apolipoprotein A-I, Apolipoprotein C-I (Engwegen et al. 2006), Complement C3a des-arg, alpha-1-antitrypsin, transferring (Ward et al. 2006) and PSME3 (Roessler et al. 2006) have been identified. However, there is a need to find new biomarkers for CRC in tumour tissue samples and body fluid (e.g. plasma) samples.

Diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer


An inkjet printer which can be used for printing a resist pattern on a printed circuit board when wiring patterns are to be formed on the board. The inkjet printer has a liquid ejecting head which comprises: a liquid chamber filled with liquid and connected to a liquid storage tank; a capillary nozzle connected to the liquid chamber; a discharge unit for acting on the liquid filled in the liquid chamber to eject the liquid through an outlet of the capillary nozzle toward an object to be printed; and a negative pressure generating unit for applying a negative pressure in a direction in which the liquid is ejected from the outlet of the capillary nozzle. Due to the application of negative pressure, a liquid having a viscosity higher than that of a general ink can be ejected.

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an inkjet printer for performing printing by discharging a liquid such as printing ink, or a liquid or paste-like resist material used in manufacturing printed wiring boards.
2. Description of the Related Art
In general, as shown in FIG. 8, a known discharge head 100 used in an inkjet printer comprises: an ink chamber 104 that communicates with an ink tank 102 and that is filled with ink 101; and a piezoelectric element 110 that is deformed by energization to pressurize the ink 101 contained in the ink chamber 104 so that the ink 101 is discharged through a discharge port 108 of a capillary nozzle 106.
On the other hand, it has been proposed to form wiring patterns of printed wiring boards by inkjet printing.
More specifically, when a wiring pattern is formed on a board by etching a copper foil adhered to the board, a resist pattern is formed on the copper foil to cover an area corresponding to the wiring pattern. Conventionally, a photosensitive resist has been applied to a surface of the copper foil and, then, it is optically exposed and developed to form a resist pattern. However, it is cumbersome to form the resist pattern in this manner. Therefore, it is contemplated to form a wiring pattern by printing a resist material on the copper foil in a predetermined resist pattern using an inkjet printer.
However, when the printing is performed by discharging a paste-like resist material through the conventional discharge head 100 shown in FIG. 8, the resist material has a higher viscosity than the printing ink and is hard to discharge from the discharge port 108 and, therefore, it is difficult to eject the resist material efficiently and the resist material cannot be accurately printed on the copper foil in a predetermined pattern.


A femoral elevating tool for use in hip replacement surgical procedures and preferably including a handle having a longitudinal axis and proximal and distal ends substantially parallel to one another. The proximal and distal ends are preferably offset from one another in a direction normal to the longitudinal axis by a central handle portion. A bone rest adjacent the distal end of the handle preferably includes an upstanding flange having a single, generally V-shaped cutout portion, and a ball for rotatably anchoring the tool in an acetabulum to provide a fulcrum for manipulation of a femur. In a preferred embodiment, the ball is adjustably mounted on the handle to enable selective variation of the effective distance between the ball and the bone rest, and the ball can be removed for cleaning and replacement with a different ball, as appropriate.

Hip replacement arthroplasty has become widely accepted and has been remarkably successful as a procedure for relieving pain and restoring motion in patients suffering from disabilities resulting from various hip arthropathy. Generally, conversion endoprosthesis or total hip replacement prosthesis is often indicated for hip arthropathies involving the femoral side. For example, hip prosthesis is indicated in cases of degenerative joint disease from various causes, rhumatoid arthritis, and traumatic arthritis.
As part of total hip replacement surgery, the hip joint must be dislocated, and the femoral head must be lifted out of the acetabulum and brought out of the deep wound for further preparation and implant procedures. For example, the femoral neck must be transected, the medullary canal must be opened along the transected neck using a reamer or hollow chisel, and the medullary canal must be plugged. Thereafter, the medullary canal is cleaned and irrigated, there is a trial fitting of the femoral prosthesis, and femoral cement is filled and compressed within the medullary canal. Thereafter, the femoral stem is inserted and properly fitted in place. Because of the plug within the medullary canal and the compression of the cement, the force needed to insert the stem is relatively high, and pressure must be maintained until the cement is completely hardened. Throughout all of these procedures, the femur and the femoral neck must be manipulated and supported substantially outside of the deep wound. Heretofore, various bone retractors and femoral elevators available in the industry have been utilized to accomplish the support and manipulation of the femur required. Such bone retractors and femoral elevators previously available often required manipulative interaction with soft tissue adjacent the femur or femoral neck being manipulated and supported. In order to accomplish that manipulation and support, these devices generally depended upon leverage gained by support from those adjacent soft tissue structures. As a result, the soft tissue was often subjected to undue trauma and/or injury during these surgical procedures, and support provided by these instruments was inconsistent and unreliable.
For example, the self-retaining bone retractor shown in U.S. Pat. No. 2,695,607, which issued to H. Hipps et al., on Nov. 30, 1954, clearly shows the direct compression of soft tissue adjacent the bone and incision, and further contemplates utilization of a flexible connector wrapped around the external portions of that same soft tissue. Similar bone retractors are often utilized to manipulate and elevate the femur during hip replacement surgical procedures. Obviously, it is preferred during any surgical procedure to minimize undue trauma and injury whenever possible. The compressive forces imposed upon the soft tissue adjacent the bone as a result of utilizing the Hipps et al. bone retractor has heretofore been an undesirable necessity.
Another form of retractor commonly available in the industry and often used in hip replacement surgical procedures is the femoral neck elevator such as available from the Richards Medical Company of Memphis, Tenn. (e.g. Cat. No. 11-9674). Such femoral neck elevator, however, similarly relies on surrounding soft tissue for leverage in order to manipulate and support the femur and/or femoral neck. Its generally curved and multi-toothed bone rest portion also permits unpredictable slippage of the femur during manipulation and support procedures, making this instrument harder to work with. Consequently, while these instruments have been specifically designed for use in elevating the femur during hip replacement surgical procedures, their use fails to provide reliable support and can cause additional and often unnecessary trauma and/or injury to the surrounding soft tissue. While the overall damage of this additional trauma and/or injury may be outweighed by the overall benefit of the surgery to the patient, it would be preferable to provide an instrument which could minimize this undue trauma and injury while providing dependable and convenient femoral support and manipulation.


Methods and systems to detect droop events on-chip, which may include a sensor circuit located adjacent to a voltage node to convert a corresponding voltage to a digital count or value indicative of the voltage. The sensor circuit may include an n-stage ring oscillator and an asynchronous counter. The sensor circuit may include circuitry to capture and convert a phase associated with a count to a binary fractional value to increase voltage resolution. Multiple counts associated with the node may be evaluated at the node to identify minimum and maximum counts and corresponding time stamps. More complex evaluation and control circuitry may be shared amongst a plurality of sensor circuits and may include circuitry to generate and compare counts to one or more variable thresholds, circuitry to average counts over time, and memory to store state values associated with the sensors.

Droop detectors are circuits incorporated within computer processor integrated circuit chips to detect voltage spikes caused by changes in current or di/dt events. Droop detectors are used to measure integrity of power distribution systems or to correlate errors to droop events.
Conventional droop detectors do not provide adequate voltage resolution, are not sufficiently compact to be implemented adjacent to voltage nodes to be monitored or in sufficient quantity within an integrated circuit, and/or do not provide outputs in a format that are readily useful to evaluation systems.
In the drawings, the leftmost digit(s) of a reference number identifies the drawing in which the reference number first appears.

Methods and systems to detect voltage changes within integrated circuits


An imaging system including: first camera and second camera; depth-mapping means; gaze-tracking means; and processor configured to: generate depth map of real-world scene; determine gaze directions of first eye and second eye; identify line of sight and conical region of interest; determine optical depths of first object and second object present in conical region; when first and second objects are placed horizontally opposite, adjust optical focuses of first and second cameras to focus on respective objects on same side as them; when first and second objects are placed vertically opposite, adjust optical focus of one camera corresponding to dominant eye to focus on object having greater optical depth, and adjust optical focus of another camera to focus on another object; and capture first image(s) and second image(s) using adjusted optical focuses of cameras.

In recent times, there has been an ever-increasing demand for image capturing and processing. For example, such a demand may be quite high and critical in case of evolving technologies such as immersive extended-reality (XR) technologies which are being employed in various fields such as entertainment, real estate, training, medical imaging operations, simulators, navigation, and the like. Such immersive XR technologies create immersive XR environments for presentation to a user of an XR device (such as an XR headset, a pair of XR glasses, or similar). Several advancements are being made to develop image capturing and processing technology. Existing imaging systems employ camera(s) for capturing images of a real-world environment.
However, existing imaging systems have several problems associated therewith. Firstly, the existing imaging systems are inefficient in terms of accurately and automatically focusing on multiple objects present in a real-world scene of the real-world environment, when images of such a real-world scene are captured. The existing imaging systems employ gaze-trackers to track the user's gaze when multiple objects having different optical depths are present in a user's field of view. In such a case, focusing on the multiple objects is cumbersome and focusing on the multiple objects relies on a limited accuracy of the gaze-trackers and a limited depth of field of camera(s). As a result, inaccurate and suboptimal focusing is achieved. The existing imaging systems employ focusing schemes which are not well-suited for accurately obtaining in-focus images of the multiple objects. For example, some focusing schemes may be employed for images that have already been captured by the camera(s). In this regard, such focusing schemes divide a (2D) captured image into different areas with different focusing weights, and consider an area (for focusing in the captured image) that is considerably larger than an actual gaze area of a human eye. This is due to the fact that a shape of the considered area is, for example, a rectangle, and a shape of the actual gaze area is circular. Secondly, the existing imaging systems are also inefficient in terms of compensating field curvature effect. The existing imaging systems employ actuators that are slow in their speed of operation, for changing magnitude of focal lengths of optical elements used in such imaging systems, for focusing on the multiple objects. The images captured by the existing imaging systems have poor visual quality, thereby leading to a sub-optimal (i.e., lack of realism), non-immersive viewing experience for a user viewing said images.
Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks associated with the existing imaging systems for capturing images.


A stayed connection for a wind turbine (1) is provided with a tower (4) having an upper pipe-shaped tower portion (12) and a lower tower portion (14) and where the upper pipe-shaped tower portion (12) is connected to the lower tower portion (14) by means of a stayed connection (16), and wherein the stayed connection (16) comprises pipe-shaped diagonal stays (18) extending from the lower tower portion (14) and in toward the outside of the upper pipe-shaped tower portion (12), as the diagonal stays (18) at their toward the upper pipe-shaped tower portion (12) facing end portion (28) are compressed and connected directly or via a plate portion (30) to the upper pipe-shaped tower portion (12) by means of a welded connection.

(a) Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a stayed connection for a wind turbine. More particularly it relates to a stayed connection for a wind turbine where the wind turbine tower comprises an upper, pipe-shaped tower portion and a lower tower portion, and where the upper pipe-shaped tower portion is connected to the lower tower portion by means of a stayed connection.
(b) Description of Related Art
The upper portion of a wind turbine is formed like a slender structure to avoid collision with the wind turbine sails. From land based wind turbines is known that this slender structure which is generally made of a pipe, is connected to a foundation in the ground.
When wind turbines are positioned offshore and more often in relatively deep water, using a pipe extending from the wind turbine foundation on the sea bed and up to the wind turbine machinery housing, is not practical.
The load bearing structure in known wind turbines positioned offshore therefore often comprise a pipe shaped upper portion and a lower portion, where the lower portion may be constituted by such as a trussed structure.
The transition between the upper slender portion of the tower and the lower portion is often constituted by a relatively heavy and complicated structure. The reason for this is among other things the use of design principles known from offshore-based oil production equipment. Such equipment is dimensioned for considerable wave forces and to be able to handle heavy equipment, and also for personnel to reside on the structure at all times.
In wind turbine installations it is common, also offshore, that the wind forces decide the structural design.
Transitions of this prior art are relatively flexible. They have to be adapted so that the tower natural period is short enough for the relevant wind turbine. This contributes to a further increase in tower weight.
It is a known problem that in stayed structures so-called secondary forces exists due to the shape and relative dimensions of the structure. Considerable bending stresses may for example be set up in a first stay due to deflection in a second stay when the first stay is welded to the second stay.
Such secondary forces cause the stay dimension to be increased and contributes thus to increased weight and cost.


A method of manufacturing a fiber reinforced, resin matrix, tank with an integral fitting, such as an internally threaded pipe connection, bulkhead door or manhole entryway. A thread form tool having a cylindrical bore and a rounded pattern thread forming outer surface at one end is provided. The tool is secured to a drive shaft extending through the tank forming mandrel with the thread forming end adjacent to the mandrel. A second, thread is formed on the opposite end of the threat form tool opposite the tank mandrel and carries a consolidation nut. A consolidation washer rides on a wider cylinder surface of the thread form tool intermediate the two threaded ends. At least one fabric doily or band is placed over the thread forming tool rounded threads and the tank mandrel is filament wound with high strength fibers impregnated with a resin in a conventional manner, with filaments overlapping the rounded thread area. When sufficient filaments have been wound, the consolidation nut is tightened, driving the spacer and consolidation washer towards the filaments on the rounded thread region, consolidating the windings and forming a flat seating area substantially perpendicular to the mandrel axis. The resin is then cured and the thread forming tool assembly is removed.

This invention relates in general to fittings such as pipe connections, bulkhead doors or manhole covers for tanks and, more specifically, to a method of forming an integral internally threaded connection for a filament wound composite tank using the identical composite material to form the fitting and tank at the same time.
For aerospace applications in general, and space launch vehicle applications in particular, structural weight has the single greatest impact on vehicle performance and cost. Specifically, launch vehicles require large amounts of fuel to escape earth's gravitational forces and reach orbit. The quantity of fuel is strongly dependent upon the vehicle's structural weight and propulsion system. By decreasing overall weight and maintaining acceptable levels of structural strength and stiffness, overall vehicle performance can be greatly improved. Consequently, one effective method of evaluating a material's ability to maintain strength and decrease weight is to characterize the material by its specific strength and modulus (i.e., material strength and modulus divided by material density). High strength fiber reinforced, resin matrix composites exhibit specific strength and stiffness about 1.5 to 3 times greater than most structural metal alloys utilized in launch vehicles. Recent advances in fiber and resin technology show a trend toward continued improvement in composite specific properties.
Composite materials are typically orthotropic, which provides the very advantageous capability of tailoring the mechanical and/or physical properties of the composite for a specific structural application. This behavior is in contrast to conventional metal alloys, which generally exhibit isotropic properties. The advantages of the "material tailoring" approach are primarily realized as weight savings since designs need only use structural reinforcement (build-up) in areas and/or directions where maximum loads will occur.
Methods have been developed for manufacturing closed vessels, such as solid rocket motor casings and bottles or tanks for fluid storage, that use filament winding of resin impregnated fiber filaments, strands or tow about a mandrel. Typical mandrels are cylindrical structures with domed ends. The winding pattern, and number of layers, etc., may be selected to provide strength precisely where needed. For tanks, pipe connections are conventionally provided by positioning a metallic boss on the mandrel so that the filament windings cover and are bonded to the fitting. Disadvantages of this metal fitting approach include weight penalties, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatches between the metal fitting and the composite tank and bonding problems between the metal fitting and the tank matrix resin.
Attempts have been made to form an internally threaded connection during filament winding without great success. In general, conventional threads in composite materials have been found to produce stress risers at the thread roots, weakening the fitting. Properly consolidating the composite material at the threads has been found to be difficult. In some cases, as described by Conley in U.S. Pat. No. 2,751,237 and Kemier et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,785,956 a different material than that used in the body of the vessel is used in the thread area, improving consolidation at the expense of differential CTE problems resulting from the use of non-identical materials for tank and fitting. End caps have been used at the ends of unthreaded integral fittings, as described by Thomas in Pat. No. 3,765,979, to shape the outer ends of integral fittings. However, these end caps do nothing to assure proper consolidation of the composite in these end areas. Complex, multilayer configurations have been used to attempt to increase the strength in integrally threaded areas, as described by Hill et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,602,480. Further, all of these patents describe sharply angled threads, which significantly increase stress at the roots and require the complex reinforcements described above.
Thus, there is a continuing need for improved methods of manufacturing filament wound composite tanks in which the tank and connection fitting are formed from the same material to eliminate differential CTE problems, stress concentrations at the fitting are avoided, proper consolidation of the composite material at the fitting is assured and a superior sealing surface is provided for a pipe connection or other fitting to be threaded into the connection fitting.

Method for manufacturing an integral threaded connection for a composite tank


A nail clipper of the kind having spring arms arranged to be driven into nail clipping engagement of clipper jaws, is equipped with a nail positioning device mounted on or about the pin to which the lever is connected, and the device is held in nail positioning orientation relative to the clipper jaws when the lever is in the force applying operative relation. An antitilt member may also be provided. The device may comprise dual nail length gauging and antitilt structures which may be separate members, or combined in one member. The nail length gauging member may be adjustable for attaining selected nail length trimming positions.

This invention relates to improvements in nail clippers and is more particularly concerned with new and improved nail positioning devices for such clippers.
Conventional nail clippers of the kind having spring arm carried clipping jaws are widely used and, in general, function efficiently for the intended purpose. While for some users precise clipped nail length may not be important, there are other users, and especially female users, who are particular about the length of their clipped nails. This applies particularly to finger nails, but may also apply to toe nails where open toe footwear is popular.
Attainment of approximate clipped nail length accuracy is possible if extreme care is taken by the user of a clipper without any special length gauge, but that may be a time consuming, and for some persons quite arduous task. It may even be an impossible maneuver for persons of poor eyesight or other frustrating disability.
Although there have been attempts at providing means for determining clipped nail length accuracy, such as in U.S. Pat. No. 838,755 showing a generally scissors action nail trimmer with a finger receiving recess in the front end of one of the blade members, and U.S. Pat. No. 3,812,868 showing a conventional clipper with a fingertip guard member extending through a specially structured clipper jaw, there is considerable room for improvement.

Nail clipper with nail positioning device


Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for training adaptation-specific acoustic models. A system practicing the method receives speech and generates a full size model and a reduced size model, the reduced size model starting with a single distribution for each speech sound in the received speech. The system finds speech segment boundaries in the speech using the full size model and adapts features of the speech data using the reduced size model based on the speech segment boundaries and an overall centroid for each speech sound. The system then recognizes speech using the adapted features of the speech. The model can be a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The reduced size model can also be of a reduced complexity, such as having fewer mixture components than a model of full complexity. Adapting features of speech can include moving the features closer to an overall feature distribution center.

1. Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to automatic speech recognition and more specifically to adaptation-specific acoustic models.
2. Introduction
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems adapt features to existing models. Some automatic speech recognition systems adapt features in terms of just one speech segment at a time, i.e. a mixture of Gaussian distributions, to find the nearest one to the new speech. However, if the speaker is an outlier, and is close to the boundary of the overall speech statistics for that sound, a local mixture component is close to it, the change in the feature will be minimal. The minimal change leads to a relatively small overall performance increase. This approach often leads to misrecognitions, slow performance, and upset users.
The main problem in the approaches known in the art is that the model used is very rich in structure; it has many distributions in a mixture representing a speech sound. When the ASR system performs adaptation, it matches a speech frame to the nearest distribution in a mixture and transforms it to match as well as possible. This can result in the ASR system moving features away from the overall centroid for the given sound, which leads to poor ASR system and/or spoken dialog system performance.

System and method for training adaptation-specific acoustic models for automatic speech recognition


A controlled release particle includes a core containing an antibiotic compound, and a shell covering the core. The controlled release particle is obtained by a production method including a first step in which a first component containing an antibiotic compound and a polymerizable vinyl monomer is subjected to suspension polymerization to form the core containing the antibiotic compound and a polymer of the polymerizable vinyl monomer; and a second step in which a second component containing a shell-forming component is subjected to interfacial polymerization to form a shell, wherein in the second step, the interfacial polymerization is started simultaneously with the start of the suspension polymerization of the first step, or started after the start of the suspension polymerization of the first step.

It is known that micro-encapsulation of antibiotic compounds such as a sterilizer, an antiseptic, and a fungicide allow controlled-release of the antibiotic compound to ensure lasting effects.
For example, a microbial growth inhibitor-containing microcapsule (for example, see Patent Document 1 below) has been proposed: the microbial growth inhibitor-containing microcapsule is obtained by blending and dispersing an oil phase including a microbial growth inhibitor and a polyisocyanate component, and an aqueous phase including an active hydrogen group-containing component, and allowing interfacial polymerization.

This patent is subject to a terminal disclaimer.

Controlled release particles and production method thereof