In order to gather information about the occurrence of ducting/superrefraction and signal‐fading effects at frequencies around 300 MHz with antenna heights appropriate to intership communications, an experimental investigation has been undertaken with a transmitter and two receivers deployed in the British Channel Islands. Signal strength measurements made over a period of 17 months for a path from Jersey to Guernsey from April 2001 to September 2002 and 8 months of data for a path from Jersey to Alderney from November 2001 to September 2002 have been analyzed. Comparisons have been made between the received signal characteristics and several meteorological parameters such as sea state, weather conditions, and season, and the statistics of the occurrence of enhancements in signal strength due to superrefraction and ducting are presented.


The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Indispron® D110 against the red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) infestation in specific pathogen free birds reared for vaccine research and production in National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom. A total 250 birds comprising of 150 harcowhite growers and 100 cockerels all at 16 weeks old were considered in this study. The Harcowhite were treated with Indispron® D110 according to manufacturer instructions for a period of 14 days while the cockerels were left as untreated control. The initial results showed a significant reduction of mites (85%) in mite's population after three days of spraying in the first week. Thereafter, a drastic decline in the mite's population as no clusters were seen in the environment and on the shanks three days after application on week two (2) indicative of 100% efficacious when compared with the control birds which still have clusters of red mites and scaly shanks. This is the first report on Indispron® D100 being used for treating red mites in Nigerian poultry farm and is therefore recommended for routine use in controlling ectoparasites in Poultry houses and to promote quality research in the country.


Interview DataThere is ample evidence that childhood adversity
correlates negatively with physical and mental health outcomes across the
lifespan. Resilience results when internal and external protective factors in
childhood mitigate the effects of adversity and mental and physical health
outcomes are improved. However, the phenomena of childhood adversity and
resilience among autistic children are understudied and not well understood. In
this study, we engaged members of the autism community to advise on the
research question, research design, and analysis. Following the engagement
phase, three autistic young women and one nonbinary young adult, aged 19-27,
participated in semi-structured interviews via phone, video conference, and
online chat;. credibility checking interviews followed data analysis. Through
interpretative phenomenological analysis we identified themes related to
negative effects of adversity, including social disconnection, mental
and emotional well-being, sense of self, and development into
young adulthood. Resilience was developed in places of refuge and identity,
and was evident in their transitions into young adulthood. These
findings provide direction for fostering resilience in children and adolescents
on the autism spectrum and planning and implementing mental health supports to
autistic individuals across the lifespan.


A geometrical optics approximation was used for calculations of inelastic (Raman and fluorescent) scattering on particles with large size parameters. The inelastic part of the radiation was obtained by use of the principle of ray reversibility. The technique presented simplifies the computations and provides a geometric interpretation of how far-field patterns can be calculated by use of the internal field distributions. The numerical results for homogeneous spherical particles are compared with the classic dipole solution.


From reviews of The Cornell Yeats series: "For students of Yeats the whole series is bound to become an essential reference source and a stimulus to important critical re-readings of Yeats's major works. In a wider context, the series will also provide an extraordinary and perhaps unique insight into the creative process of a great artists."-Irish Literary Supplement "I consider the Cornell Yeats one of the most important scholarly projects of our time."-A. Walton Litz, Princeton University, coeditor of The Collected Poems of William Carols Williams and Personae: The Shorter Poems of Ezra Pound "The most ambitious of the many important projects in current studies of Yeats and perhaps of modern poetry generally.... The list of both general and series editors, as well as prospective preparers of individual volumes, reads like a Who's Who of Yeats textual studies in North America. Further, the project carries the blessing of Yeats's heirs and bespeaks an ongoing commitment from a major university press.... The series will inevitably engender critical studies based on a more solid footing than those of any other modern poet.... Its volumes will be consulted long after gyres of currently fashionable theory have run on."-Yeats Annual (1983) William Butler Yeats's Helmet plays (The Green Helmet, in verse, and its earlier prose version The Golden Helmet) are part of the author's cycle of plays dealing with the life and death of the legendary Irish hero Cuchulain. First conceived in 1907, in the aftermath of the riots at the Abbey Theatre over J. M. Synge's Playboy of the Western World, the Helmet plays were written at a crucial turning point in Yeats's early career: politically, his disillusionment with Irish cultural nationalism was growing; professionally, he was beginning to separate himself in bitterness from the day-to-day operation of the Abbey; and aesthetically, he was continuing to incorporate his interest in the Japanese Noh tradition into his own dramatic vision. All of these developments in Yeats's life and work are visible in the Helmet plays. This Cornell Yeats volume traces the evolution of the Helmet plays from the first versions of The Golden Helmet, published in prose in 1908, to the revision into verse in The Green Helmet, which appeared in 1910. All of the existing manuscript materials for the play-including the author's autograph manuscripts, revised proofs, and printed editions marked in the author's hand-are either reproduced photographically or transcribed in this scholarly edition. The edition also includes a census of the manuscripts, editor's notes, and an introduction outlining the history of the play's composition, production, and publication. This edition makes visible the complex evolution of these texts during pivotal years in Yeats's career.


Female infertility is an increasingly important problem in cattle, causing enormous costs and retarding genetic progress. Current attempts to improve fertility by genetic selection are inefficient due to the low heritability of the respective trait, i.e. the nonreturn-rate 90 days after first service (NRR 90). Thus novel phenotypic traits more closely related to fertility are urgently needed. Since a large proportion of pregnancy losses occur in the preimplantation period, the interaction between early embryos and their maternal environment is an attractive target for systematic investigations, which may uncover mechanisms underlying early embryonic death. Based on holistic transcriptome and proteome studies [Hiendleder et al. 2005, Wolf et al. 2006] we attempt to understand the quantitative biology of embryo maternal communication and the regulation of endometrial receptivity [Wolf et al. 2003]. A short-term goal is the development of array-based systems for the differential diagnosis of fertility problems and for evaluating the connection between metabolic disturbances and reproductive functions. A long-term goal is the identification of genetic variation affecting the fertility-related gene expression profiles in female reproductive tissues such as endometrium. The endometrium undergoes marked functional changes during estrous cycle and pregnancy. As the adjacent environment of the conceptus, it represents the maternal interface for embryo maternal communication, which is essential to maintain pregnancy. Transcriptome studies provide the unique opportunity to assess molecular profiles changing in response to endocrine or metabolic stimuli or to embryonic pregnancy recognition signals [reviewed in Bauersachs et al. 2008, Spencer et al. 2008].


Increasing number of communication softwares are built on distributed architectures based on the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) model, such as Skype [1], and PeerCast [2]. This model provides several significant benefits, such as deployment scalability, resilience to single points of failure, communication cost sharing, and anonymity. In a former contribution, we proposed an unstructured Super-Peer architecture (SPAD) that further uses the P2P paradigm to provide enhanced Quality of Service (QoS) between two users of these communication softwares. SPAD allows the discovery and use of composite alternate end-to-end paths that experience better delay than the path given by the default IP routing mechanisms. This paper extends SPAD's capabilities to multi-QoS constrained alternate-paths. It presents two extensions: i) the capability to discover alternate paths with better packet-loss and/or delay, ii) multiple schemes to select among the discovered paths the ones that best meets the requirements of the users.


Abstract Collaborative governance is an increasingly popular form of governance. In theory, collaborative governance processes should be inclusive and value the perspectives of multiple stakeholders, including nonprofit organizations. In practice, this may not be the case. Recent work on representation in collaborative governance has found asymmetry in the way actor groups are descriptively and substantively represented in the collaborative governance process. We extend this line of work by employing network methods to create a diagnostic tool to identify which individual actors are substantively represented in collaborative governance processes over time. This tool is designed to systematically evaluate whether individual actors are under or overrepresented in collaborative governance. It provides a starting point for groups to discuss whether they are functionally inclusive and to understand whether non-inclusion is random or systematic. We apply the tool to collaborative governance in a regional food system and find variance in substantive representation by actor, indicating the collaborative governance process diverges from its inclusive design in practice. In particular, nonprofit organizations who are formally part of the collaborative governance process are not substantively represented in formal meetings to the same degree as city and county agencies.


This study aimed to evaluate the effects of protection from extractive activities on the population structure of two limpets of commercial interest, Patella ulyssiponensis and Patella candei crenata . We evaluated the status of these populations in La Palma Marine Protected Area (MPA), Canary Islands, and in comparable unprotected areas in the lower intertidal zone of the same island. We showed that the density of P. ulyssiponensis depended greatly on the level of protection, whereas the effects of protection on the density of P. candei crenata were less clear and only differences between sites were found. These results are probably linked to the different habitat affinities of the two species studied and demonstrate the need to tailor conservation strategies in MPAs to individual species for appropriate management of local shellfish resources.


Most existing approaches for Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) focus on a specific underlying knowledge base either because of inherent assumptions in the approach, or because evaluating it on a different knowledge base requires non-trivial changes. However, many popular knowledge bases share similarities in their underlying schemas that can be leveraged to facilitate generalization across knowledge bases. To achieve this generalization, we introduce a KBQA framework based on a 2-stage architecture that explicitly separates semantic parsing from the knowledge base interaction, facilitating transfer learning across datasets and knowledge graphs. We show that pretraining on datasets with a different underlying knowledge base can nevertheless provide significant performance gains and reduce sample complexity. Our approach achieves comparable or state-of-the-art performance for LC-QuAD (DBpedia), WebQSP (Freebase), SimpleQuestions (Wikidata) and MetaQA (Wikimovies-KG).


1. The formation of groups is a fundamental aspect of social organization, but there are still many questions regarding how social structure emerges from individuals making non-random associations. 2. Although food distribution and individual phenotypic traits are known to separately influence social organization, this is the first study, to our knowledge, experimentally linking them to demonstrate the importance of their interaction in the emergence of social structure. 3. Using an experimental design in which food distribution was either clumped or dispersed, in combination with individuals that varied in exploratory behaviour, our results show that social structure can be induced in the otherwise non-social European shore crab (Carcinus maenas). 4. Regardless of food distribution, individuals with relatively high exploratory behaviour played an important role in connecting otherwise poorly connected individuals. In comparison, low exploratory individuals aggregated into cohesive, stable subgroups (moving together even when not foraging), but only in tanks where resources were clumped. No such non-foraging subgroups formed in environments where food was evenly dispersed. 5. Body size did not accurately explain an individual's role within the network for either type of food distribution. 6. Because of their synchronized movements and potential to gain social information, groups of low exploratory crabs were more effective than singletons at finding food. 7. Because social structure affects selection, and social structure is shown to be sensitive to the interaction between ecological and behavioural differences among individuals, local selective pressures are likely to reflect this interaction.


We study the price effects of mergers in airline networks. Guided by a review of the existing theoretical and empirical literature, we develop two classifications of routes possibly affected by an airline merger. Subsequently, we apply a difference-in-differences approach to exemplarily investigate the price effects of the America West Airlines US Airways merger completed in 2005. We find that although average prices increased substantially on routes in which both airlines competed either on a non-stop or one-stop basis prior to the merger, substantial average price reductions observed for routes without any pre-merger overlap suggest that the merger led to a net increase in consumer welfare.


Three kinds of thin AZ31 wrought magnesium alloys sheets were used in order to investigate the influence of the second phase particles on fracture toughness. From the theoretical model, the ratio of λp/dp would be estimated 5~ 6. On the other hand, from the microstructural observation, average particle spacing on each material was sample A: 13.1µm, sample B: 14.1, and sample C: 12 µ. In addition, average particle size on each sample was sample A: 2.1, sample B: 1.9, and sample C: 2.3 µm. Therefore, the ratio of λp/dp calculated from fracture surface observation would be predicted 6 ~ 7. In comparison with the result of the prediction by theoretical analysis was in good agreement with the result of fracture toughness observation. It was found that the variation in plane-strain fracture toughness on AZ31 were affected by both of particle spacing and particle size.


Attitudes of local people residing in or near conservation areas are decisive in determining conservation success of natural tourism resources. This is because local people are the custodians of resources found near or within the areas they live. The important thing is that, peoples' attitudes determine their behaviors. For that matter, local
people are held responsible for conservation of natural tourism resources. Positive attitudes promote conservation while negative attitudes associate with behaviors that are
detrimental to the same. This study assessed local peoples' attitudes towards conservation among communities residing adjacent to the Arusha national park in northern Tanzania. The study design was a case study. The sample size included 112 local people, 6 local leaders and 6 park staff. Systematic and purposive sampling techniques were used to identify samples. Data collection methods were questionnaires, interviews and direct observation. SPSS and Ms Excel analyzed quantitative data while content analysis analyzed qualitative data. Findings revealed that local people in the study area have both positive and negative attitudes towards conservation. Reasons for positive
attitudes include presence of the park and related roles and opportunities for park employment, among others. Reasons for negative attitudes include protracted human -
wildlife conflicts and restrictions on public road usage, among others. This study recommends that existing policies should be effectively implemented and local people should be provided with environmental conservation education, among other recommendations.


The complement system has long been recognized as a potential druggable target for a variety of inflammatory conditions. Very few complement inhibitors have been approved for clinical use, but a great number are in clinical development, nearly all of which systemically inhibit complement. There are benefits of targeting complement inhibition to sites of activation/disease in terms of efficacy and safety, and here we describe P-selectin targeted complement inhibitors, with and without a dual function of directly blocking P-selectin-mediated cell-adhesion. The constructs are characterized in vitro and in murine models of hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion injury and hindlimb transplantation. Both constructs specifically targeted to reperfused hindlimb and provided protection in the hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion injury model. The P-selectin blocking construct was the more efficacious, which correlated with less myeloid cell infiltration, but with similarly reduced levels of complement deposition. The blocking construct also improved tissue perfusion and, unlike the nonblocking construct, inhibited coagulation, raising the possibility of differential application of each construct, such as in thrombotic vs. hemorrhagic conditions. Similar outcomes were obtained with the blocking construct following vascularized composite graft transplantation, and treatment also significantly increased graft survival. This is outcome may be particularly pertinent in the context of vascularized composite allograft transplantation, since reduced ischemia reperfusion injury is linked to a less rigorous alloimmune response that may translate to the requirement of a less aggressive immunosuppressive regime for this normally nonlife-threatening procedure. In summary, we describe a new generation of targeted complement inhibitor with multi-functionality that includes targeting to vascular injury, P-selectin blockade, complement inhibition and anti-thrombotic activity. The constructs described also bound to both mouse and human P-selectin which may facilitate potential translation.


A parallel study of 25 strains of Flagellata isolated from 6 species of sand flies was carried out by means of biotest, Adler's serological method modified by Safjanova and "temperature" method. It was established that the use of several methods for the identification of Leishmania allows more reliable results to be obtained. The differentiation of strains with the "temperature" method can be done over a relatively shorter period of time.


Total Quality Management (TQM) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) systems are considered as the key operational activities of the quality management system. Implementing TQM and TPM together results in synergy. They act as two drives to improve the business performance excellence in a typical industry. One of the main objectives of TPM is to increase the productivity of plant and equipment with a modest investment in maintenance. After implementing TPM, it is necessary to measure the effectiveness of TPM. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is an indicator that measures the effectiveness of TPM. The number of defective products produced by the machine indicates the condition of the machine and also reduces the rate of quality and affects the OEE. In this paper, an attempt is made to measure the effectiveness of TPM by performing a statistical analysis. The assessment of TPM on a continual basis is an essential activity of OEE validation. This activity involves large computations and analytical skills. The estimation of TPM is a time-consuming and costly process. It is not possible to conduct the study very often. If the behavioral pattern of TPM is determined analytically, it helps the maintenance engineer to predict the OEE over a specific period of time. In view of the above, reliability-based TPM estimation is proposed in the paper.


The rapid growth of Hospitality businesses in Nigeria is increasing at an alarming rate. It is sad to note that majority of these
investors have little or no knowledge of the impact that their investment has on the environment. This is because most investors only
carry out feasibility study on the profit forfeiting the sustainability of the business which depends on the environment. Today hospitality
investors in Nigeria have refused to answer this question "are the activities of hospitality business environmental friendly? At this point
it is pertinent to note that the sustainability of any hospitality business anchors largely on environmental sustainability. In other words,
all hospitality business needs the environment to strive. Therefore, in view of the above, this paper critically diagnosed the activities of
Soarak hotel and casino Lagos towards environmental sustainability. Its primary objective is to identify the impact of soarak hotel on its
immediate surroundings. This research made extensive use of interview and questionnaire as instruments of data collection. In
conclusion, the paper recommends sustainable measures to mitigate the activities of hospitality business on the environment.


Factor endowments are usually taken as given in trade theoretical analyses of technological change. We use the Deardorff (1974) diagram to show how the steady state capital labor ratio endogenously adjusts to technology shocks in a two-sector small open economy, an effect which has largely been neglected in trade theory literature. We show that ignoring the endogeneity of the capital labor ratio with respect to technology shocks leads to biased predictions of changes in sectoral production and trade. Imposing stylized facts of growth as restrictions, we assess the relative size of the implied prediction bias that appears to matter for empirical studies of trade.


For the last decades several laboratory tests and field tests on low salinity waterflooding have been done on oil bearing reservoirs. Overall the tests have shown an increased oil recovery with use of low salinity water. In this project a laboratory experiment on core samples from the Froy field in the North Sea has been performed along with a literature review on low salinity waterflooding with focus on problems with waterflooding. Mechanisms in order to understand why low salinity waterflooding has an effect are reviewed. The waterflood experiments were performed at a temperature of 60°C. The core samples were cleaned, porosity and permeability was measured and it was saturated with formation brine. Mineral oil was used to establish irreducible water saturation. Then it was aged with crude oil to restore in-situ wettability. 100% seawater brine, 10% diluted seawater brine and 1% diluted seawater were used in the flooding experiments for testing the low salinity effect in secondary and tertiary mode. The results found in this study shows that oil recovery increases as the salinity of the injecting water decreases. And low salinity water gives a higher oil recovery in secondary mode than high salinity water. Two cores did not show any effect of low salinity flooding, but all cores showed an overall increment in differential pressure which may indicate a reduction of permeability as an effect of salinity decrease. A wettability test was also conducted on a core sample from the reservoir, which implies a neutral wet behavior of the reservoir. More experiments on several cores are recommended to get a better indication on the effect of wettability on low salinity waterflood recovery.


The effect of hybrid (columnar and spherical together) artificial pinning centers (APCs) on the vortex pinning properties of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) thin films is investigated in detail on the basis of variation of critical current density (JC) with applied magnetic field and also with the orientation of the applied magnetic field at 65 K and 77 K. Premixed YBCO + BaSnO3 composite targets are used for the deposition of the YBCO films which consist of self-assembled BaSnO3 nanocolumns (1D APCs); on the other hand, for the deposition of the YBCO films with hybrid APCs (BaSnO3 nanocolumns together with Y2O3 nanoparticles), the surface of the premixed YBCO + BaSnO3 composite targets are modified by putting a thin Y2O3 sectored piece on the premixed YBCO + BaSnO3 composite targets by means of silver paste. Fpmax value increases systematically with incorporation of 1D and 1D and 3D APCs and it also shifts towards higher applied magnetic fields. Films with 1D APCs exhibit a strong JC peak at Θ = 0° (H//c-axis) whereas films consisting of hybrid APCs exhibit enhanced JC at all the investigated angular regimes. A possible mechanism of vortex pinning in samples with hybrid APCs is also discussed suggesting the role of 1D and 3D APCs.


Transcriptional regulation is highly disease and cell-type specific. We performed H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcriptomic sequencing in primary tumors for the four different subtypes of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (OC). Histotype-specific regulatory elements (REs) were enriched in enhancers (P<0.001). In silico prediction of putative target genes for histotype-specific REs identified genes (WFDC2, P=5.5×10-5) and pathways (PI3K-Akt signaling, P<0.002) known to be involved in OC development. Some genes (e.g. PAX8 and CA125) are associated with super-enhancers (SEs) in all OCs, while others are histotype-specific, including PPP1R3B which is associated with SEs specific to clear cell OC. Integrated analysis of active chromatin landscapes with somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) from whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 232 primary OCs identified frequently mutated REs, including the KLF6 promoter (P=8.2×10-8) and a putative enhancer at chromosome 6p22.1 (P<0.05). In high-grade serous OCs, somatic SNVs clustered in binding sites for the PAX8 binding partner TEAD4 (P=6×10-11), while the collection of cis regulatory elements associated with PAX8 was the most frequently mutated set of enhancers in OC (P=0.003). Functional analyses supported our findings: Knockdown of PPP1R3B in clear cell OC cells significantly reduced intracellular glycogen content, a signature feature of this histotype; and stable knockout of a 635 bp region in the 6p22.1 enhancer induced downregulation of two predicted target genes, ZSCAN16 and ZSCAN12 (P=6.6 x 10-4 and P=0.02). In summary, we have characterized histotype-specific epigenomic and transcriptomic landscapes in OC and defined likely functional REs based on somatic mutation analysis of ovarian tumors.


The Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET) requires a suitable routing protocol to accommodate its special characteristics (e.g., high mobility, short-lived links, and fast-changing topology). There are many routing algorithms which are developed for transmitting information more quickly and cost-effective. In this paper, we propose a routing protocol which relies on Defer-Time Control Function (DTCF) to reduce the hop count, the transmission delay, and the probability of collisions during transmission. We provide an extensive analysis of DTCFs and choose the power-law model for routing protocol optimization. The function can be adjusted dynamically according to the distribution of the neighboring nodes (vehicles) of each hop. We also propose a mechanism to prevent the selected next-hop leaves the transmission range.


ABSTRACT The development of the European Union's Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice (AFSJ) has been identified by the Lisbon Treaty (2009) as one of the key objectives of the European Union (EU). Recent events have also highlighted the saliency of several of the policy issues at the heart of the AFSJ. Amongst them, one can mention the terrorist attacks in 2015 in Paris and the ongoing refugee crisis in the Mediterranean region. At the same time, the end of the Stockholm programme, which provided the strategic framework for the development of the AFSJ between 2010 and 2014, has been followed by the adoption of new 'strategic guidelines', which can only be described as a short, vague, and general document. It is therefore paradoxical that, at a time when AFSJ matters – such as asylum, migration, borders, terrorism, policing, and judicial cooperation – have never been so salient, the EU finds itself, for the first time ever, devoid of any significant, over-arching strategy for the development of its AFSJ.


It is the purpose of this paper to show how the
taking of British West Indians into slavery in Cuba and the repression of a supposed uprising were closely connected. The Escalera, while not directly caused by the presence of these black British subjects, was nevertheless partly the result of interrelated events that began with the importation of the latter into Cuba by white British planters escaping the abolition of slavery
and the slave-trade in the British colonies. With Cuba still firmly a slave society, they were maintained in bondage, along with other black British West Indians who were kidnapped from their home islands by unscrupulous
traders, and sold to Cuban planters hungry for labourers. Despite the presence in Havana of a Mixed Commission for the Suppression of the Slave Trade, charged with ensuring that such breaches of the anti-slave-trade treaties did
not go unchallenged, many British representatives in Cuba were themselves implicated in the continuance of slavery, until the appointment in 1840 of the militant abolitionist David Turnbull as British Consul and Superintendent
of Liberated Africans. Turnbull forcefully investigated and sought freedom for all those black British subjects who were being held in slavery in the island. While the Spanish accusations made against him of conspiring for revolution
were probably false, his actions (combined with the presence in the island of other abolition-minded British migrants, as well as that of the enslaved black
British subjects themselves) had a destabilizing effect upon the Cuban slave system, acting as a catalyst for the unsuccessful uprising of 1843/44, and the subsequent brutal repression.


The project was performed in RTE ("Reseau de Transport d'Electricite"), the French Transmission System Operator (TSO) within the Network Optimisation and Development Service (SDOP) that has to plan and direct the development of the regional transmission network (225 and 63 kV). The goal was to carry out a study on the development of the power transmission network until 2030 in a context of increasing demand, in order to match power need in the future. Thus, it consists into the determination of the different constraints (transmission capacity constraints, short-circuit current limitations, voltage stability constraints, environmental constraints…) that might appear in the area of study in the medium-term (2020) and longterm (2030). These constraints were analyzed with the determination of the causes and the calculation of the seriousness (for example power cut and not distributed energy) of the aforementioned constraints. The next step consists in the analysis of several technical and economical solutions to satisfy these constraints. Then, the study results in an investment plan from 2007 to 2030 including the solutions, their costs and their years of investment. Finally, this work was presented, explained and approved by the regional management of RTE.This master thesis report is divided into four parts: a brief presentation of RTE is given, then the context of study and a prediction of the long-term behaviour of the electrical market are presented, followed by the technical issues and the general tools of the study and finally the consistent results related to the study are explained.A chart of confidentiality was signed not to transmit the results outside of the company. This report is based on an existing grid, even though the names of the substations have been changed for the sake ofconfidentiality.


Robots can be very helpful therapeutic tools, especially for children with special needs. In the present paper we describe the application of two robotic platforms with different design parameters in interaction with children with autism and other cognitive impairments. IROMEC is a mobile robotic platform designed for children with different levels of disabilities to encourage them to be engaged in social interactions. KASPAR is a humanoid child-size robot designed for social interaction. KASPAR has been used extensively in studies with children with autism. The aim of this study is to examine how KASPAR and IROMEC can support social interaction and facilitate the cognitive and social development of children with special needs via play activities. Natural engagement in social play behaviour is often a problem in the development of children with disabilities. Due to the nature of their disabilities they are often excluded from such activities. As part of a long-term study we carried out different play scenarios based on imitation, turn taking and the cause and effect game according to the main educational and therapeutic objectives considered important for child development. In this paper we focus on the turn taking and the imitation game scenarios. A preliminary analysis of the data showed encouraging results. The level of the improvement of the children depended on the level and nature of their disabilities.


The American people overwhelmingly supported the nation's entry into the Spanish-American War of 1898, which led to U.S. imperial expansion into the Caribbean and Pacific. In this book, Bonnie M. Miller explores the basis of that support, showing how the nation's leading media makers--editorialists, cartoonists, filmmakers, photographers, and stage performers--captured the public's interest in the Cuban crisis with heart-rending depictions of Cuban civilians, particularly women, brutalised by bloodthirsty Spanish pirates. Although media campaigns initially advocated for the United States to step in to rescue Cuba from the horrors of colonial oppression, the war ended just months later with the U.S. acquisition of Spain's remaining empire, including Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. President William McKinley heeded the call for war, with the American people behind him, and then proceeded to use the conflict to further his foreign policy agenda of expanding U.S. interests in the Caribbean and Far East. Miller examines the shifting media portrayals of U.S. actions for the duration of the conflict, from liberation to conquest. She shows how the media capitalised on the public's thirst for drama, action, and spectacle and adapted to emerging imperial possibilities. Growing resistance to American imperialism by the war's end unravelled the consensus in support of U.S policy abroad and produced a rich debate that found expression in American visual and popular culture.


The northern Great Plains are home to a variety of birds throughout the year, particularly during migration. Migratory species use native and restored grasslands, shelterbelts, and agricultural fields for food and shelter in North Dakota. Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) have been documented to cause economically important damage to some crops and thus, are sometimes the target of concerted harassment efforts. Few studies have assembled an inventory of nonblackbirds using small grain fields during the fall and spring in North Dakota that may be inadvertently affected by blackbird management. At least 94 nonblackbird species use crop fields in the spring and fall in North Dakota. Sunflower fields appear to be a particularly important stopover habitat for a variety of migratory birds, with 78 species and 29 species using sunflower in the fall and spring, respectively. We encourage a joint blackbird management / wildlife habitat system including Wildlife Conservation Sunflower Plots (lure plots) as part of an integrated pest management plan to reduce blackbird damage to sunflower and provide habitat for nonblackbirds.


The thesis explores the role of the family in the development of children's sporting talent
in the UK, examining in particular the impact on the family of providing support. The
study utilises youth competitors (aged 10–18 years) from three sports (swimming, tennis
and gymnastics) and their respective family members (one/both parents and one
sibling). The focal alms of the research are to identify the contributions made by the
family to the development of children's talent in sport and to identify the impact on the
family of providing such support. [Continues.]


Natural rubber prepared from thermal drying technique was achieved. The range of drying temperature covered from 70 I150 Ilocal-made machine. The cure characteristic at 155 I mooney viscosity, mechanical properties (before and after aging) were investigated as compared to control rubber (derived from acid coagulation) It was found that mooney viscosity of thermal dried natural rubbers (TNR) was higher than that of acid coagulated rubber (ANR). T 2 and T 90 of TNR for all vulcanizing system were shorter than that of ANR. The average mechanical properties of TNR showed slightly lower tensile strength as compared to ANR. The differences in obtained properties should be claimed by the content of non rubber in rubber composition.


Summary Tasmanian forestry companies commonly manage browsing damage to seedlings on plantations through the lethal control of native mammalian herbivores, using '1080' (sodium monofluoroacetate). Although this practice is controversial, there is a lack of published quantitative data on its success in reducing animal numbers. We present the first published study quantifying the effects of a poisoning operation on the densities of mammalian herbivores both on a poisoned plantation and in the surrounding environment. Line transect surveys were used to monitor species densities before and after poisoning. The species targetted by the poisoning operation were the red-bellied pademelon (Thylogale billardierii), the red-necked wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus subspecies M. r. rufogriseus), the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). One non-target species, the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus), was also monitored. Poisoning significantly reduced pademelon density on the poisoned plantation (decline of 98%). A significant decrease in red-necked wallaby density was also detected at this time (decline of 60%) but a general declining trend was present within the data, so we interpret this result with caution. No significant effects were detected for possums, rabbits or wombats. The high kill-rate for pademelons may reflect the dominance of this species over others at bait stations and/or greater sensitivity to 1080. Six weeks after poisoning, the density of pademelons on the treated plantation had increased but was still significantly lower than before poisoning. At the same time, red-necked wallaby density on the treated plantation had increased, with animals moving onto the plantation from surrounding habitats. The decline of pademelons was hypothesized to enable an influx of red-necked wallabies onto the poisoned site, through reduced inter-specific dominance behaviour.


In the article the issue on searching methods of use of marketing tools for resolving the railway transport development problems and functioning this branch in the market conditions is considered.


Web search engines use highly optimized compression schemes to decrease inverted index size and improve query throughput, and many index compression techniques have been studied in the literature. One approach taken by several recent studies first performs a renumbering of the document IDs in the collection that groups similar documents together, and then applies standard compression techniques. It is known that this can significantly improve index compression compared to a random document ordering. We study index compression and query processing techniques for such reordered indexes. Previous work has focused on determining the best possible ordering of documents. In contrast, we assume that such an ordering is already given, and focus on how to optimize compression methods and query processing for this case. We perform an extensive study of compression techniques for document IDs and present new optimizations of existing techniques which can achieve significant improvement in both compression and decompression performances. We also propose and evaluate techniques for compressing frequency values for this case. Finally, we study the effect of this approach on query processing performance. Our experiments show very significant improvements in index size and query processing speed on the TREC GOV2 collection of 25.2 million web pages.


In recent years, a cottage industry has grown up around identifying, describing, and offering solutions to the problem of polarization in American social and political life. Whether and how much the problem is unique to or especially pronounced in twenty-first century America vis-a-vis any other time and place remains debatable, but that there is much "talking past each other" in contemporary public discourse is so obvious as to be indisputable. Kevin Schmiesing, "Editorial: Communicating Ideas," Journal of Markets & Morality 23, no. 1 (2020): 1-3.


A Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) is an accumulation of incorporated soft-ware components, empowering the administration of web-based learning (online learning, e-learning). The quality of VLE is indispensable for the accomplishment of e-learning goals and responsible to engage students during web based learning. The attributes of existing VLES does not completely meet with the requirements of today's e-learning. Consequently, decreases students' interest, participation and engagement with web-based e-learning. In contrast, the learners' engagement and participation are higher in social networking sites (SNS). For this reason, many researchers believe that the inclusion of features, similar to SNSs, in VLE may in-crease its effectivity. The goal of this research article is to investigate existing e-learning platform and make a room for SNSs and online tools for e-learning. The paper proposes an integrated model to enhance existing e-learning environment by incorporating the strength of SNSs and other potential tools with VLEs. This re-search article will provide a good direction and new thoughts for the researchers of technology supported learning-domain.


Introduction: Cytokine storm and critical COVID-19 pneumonia are caused in at least 10% of patients by inborn errors of or auto-Abs to type I IFNs. The pathogenesis of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in other patients remains unknown. Methods: This study was conducted at Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran. In the period of study, 75 confirmed cases of COVID-19 with presentations ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infection to lower respiratory tract infection, including moderate, severe, and critical disease, were recruited. Expression of STING mRNA was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and compared between patients with different severity and outcome. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between age and STING expression level (p value = 0.010). Patients with "severe to critical" illness had a 20-fold lower STING expression level compared to the "mild to moderate" group (p value = 0.001). Also, the results showed lower expressions of STING in the patients admitted to the ICU (p value = 0.015). Patients who finally died had lower expression of STING at the time of sampling (p value = 0.041). Conclusion: STING mRNA expression in PBMCs was significantly lower in older COVID-19 cases, the patients with more severe illness, who needed intensive care, and who eventually died.


This paper presents the ratchet limit analysis of a pipe with a symmetric crack in a mismatched weld by using the extended Linear Matching Method (LMM). Two loading conditions are considered: i) a cyclic temperature load and a constant internal pressure; and ii) a cyclic temperature load and a constant axial tension. Individual effects of i) the geometry of the Weld Metal (WM), ii) the size of the crack, iii) the location of the crack and iv) the yield stress of WM on the ratchet limits, maximum temperature ranges to avoid ratchetting and limit loads are investigated. Influence functions of the yield stress of WM on the maximum temperature ranges and limit loads are generated. The results confirm the applicability of the extended LMM to the cracked welded pipe.


Motor neuron disease (MND) is best managed by a multi-disciplinary team, including a respiratory physician to assess for respiratory failure, for which non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is indicated. East Kent Hospitals University Foundation Trust has recently developed a regional neurology centre and has well established domiciliary ventilation services. The multi-disciplinary MND team was developed in 2008. Aim: To review the management of MND in East Kent and the changes since the establishment of a multi-disciplinary MND team. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical notes of all patients diagnosed with MND over the last 10 years. Results: Total number of patients with a diagnosis of MND was 65. 3 had familial disease (4.6%). Conclusion: The number of patients managed by the East Kent team has increased 5fold since 2008. This perhaps reflects the need for teams closer to home, which leads to better access to specialist intervention including NIV which improves survival. The mean time from symptom to diagnosis has also reduced since the introduction of a multi-disciplinary team, as has the earlier need for PEG. Further analysis may identify the contributing factors.


Alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells cover >95% of the gas exchange surface and are extremely thin to facilitate passive gas diffusion. The development of these highly specialized cells and its coordination with the formation of the honeycomb-like alveolar structure are poorly understood. Using new marker-based stereology and single-cell imaging methods, we show that AT1 cells in the mouse lung form expansive thin cellular extensions via a non-proliferative two-step process while retaining cellular plasticity. In the flattening step, AT1 cells undergo molecular specification and remodel cell junctions while remaining connected to their epithelial neighbors. In the folding step, AT1 cells increase in size by more than 10-fold and undergo cellular morphogenesis that matches capillary and secondary septa formation, resulting in a single AT1 cell spanning multiple alveoli. Furthermore, AT1 cells are an unexpected source of VEGFA and their normal development is required for alveolar angiogenesis. Notably, a majority of AT1 cells proliferate upon ectopic SOX2 expression and undergo stage-dependent cell fate reprogramming. These results provide evidence that AT1 cells have both structural and signaling roles in alveolar maturation and can exit their terminally differentiated non-proliferative state. Our findings suggest that AT1 cells might be a new target in the pathogenesis and treatment of lung diseases associated with premature birth. Highlighted article: Mouse lung alveolar type 1 cells form expansive thin cellular extensions via a non-proliferative two-step process, while retaining cellular plasticity.


Abstract. Spectral airborne upward and downward irradiance measurements are used to derive the area-averaged surface albedo. Real surfaces are not homogeneous in their reflectivity. Therefore, this work studies the effects of the heterogeneity of surface reflectivity on the area-averaged surface albedo to quantify how well aircraft measurements can resolve the small-scale variability of the local surface albedo. For that purpose spatially heterogeneous surface albedo maps were input into a 3-dimensional (3-D) Monte Carlo radiative transfer model to simulate 3-D irradiance fields. The calculated up- and downward irradiances in altitudes between 0.1 and 5 km are used to derive the area-averaged surface albedo using an iterative retrieval method that removes the effects due to atmospheric scattering and absorption within the layer beneath the considered level. For the case of adjacent land and sea surfaces, parametrizations are presented which quantify the horizontal distance from the coastline that is required to reduce surface heterogeneity effects on the area-averaged surface albedo to a given limit. The parametrization which is a function of altitude, aerosol optical depth, single scattering albedo, and the ratio of local land and sea albedo was applied for airborne spectral measurements. In addition, the deviation between area-averaged and local surface albedo is determined for more complex surface albedo maps. For moderate aerosol conditions (optical depth less than 0.4) and a wavelength range between 400 and 1000 nm, the altitude and the heterogeneity of the surface albedo are the dominant factors determining the mean deviation between local and area-averaged surface albedo. A parametrization of the mean deviation is applied to an albedo map that was derived from a Landsat image of an area in East Anglia (UK). Parametrization and direct comparison of local and area-averaged surface albedo show similar mean deviations (20% vs. 25%) over land.


The underlying theme of this thesis is the application of electronography to the study of stars in globular clusters through the use of both broad and intermediate-band photometric systems. Introductions to both the study of globular clusters and to the use of electronography are given in Chapter 1. In Chapters 2 and 3 observations based upon electronographic exposures are presented for two little-studied clusters, NGC 5053 and NGC 6366. Both are loose, sparsely populated clusters but despite their similarity in appearance, the photometry shows that NGC 5053 is an unreddened, metal-poor globular, while NGC 6366 is found to be a highly reddened metal-rich cluster. One variable star in NGC 6366 is shown to be an a-type RR Lyrae - an unusual occurrence in a cluster of high metallicity. Chapter 4 describes developments in the reduction of stellar electronographs made by the author. An automatic method of fitting Gaussian profiles to the density volumes is shown to produce photometry as accurate and linear as previous manual techniques, but with a much increased efficiency. This work is extended to investigate the use of more flexible profiles which are then shown to be useful for allowing photometry of crowded images. Finally, an application of the Gaussian profile fitting routines to photographic stellar photometry is discussed. Chapter 5 reports the use of this reduction scheme on photographic plates of the globular cluster M 15. Using the David Dunlap Observatory (DDO) intermediate-band photometric system, cluster members are easily distinguished from foreground dwarfs. Chapter 6 describes the results of a programme of DDO electronography of the globular clusters M 5 and M 13. An accuracy of 0.03 is obtained for the DDO colours which, although comparable with some earlier photoelectric work, shows that, with the observational and reduction techniques employed, electronographic stellar photometry has not yet attained its potential as two-dimensional photoelectric photometry.


Disinfectant demand and microbial inactivation rate are essential issues for assessing disinfection performance and proper design of disinfecting systems. In the United Kingdom and Italy, peracetic acid (PAA) has recently become an accepted disinfectant for treating wastewaters prior to reuse in agriculture, and its use is likely to spread worldwide due to its efficacy as well as the benign nature of the by-products produced. In this paper, overall PAA demand during the advanced disinfection of municipal wastewater for agricultural reuse was evaluated under different experimental conditions. Batch tests were carried out using primary and secondary settled effluents sampled at the City of Taranto municipal wastewater treatment plant. PAA dosages ranged from 1.5 to 8.5 mg/L and from 21 to 40 mg/L for the secondary and primary settled effluents, respectively. Residual PAA was measured after contact times ranging from 1 to 60 min. Results showed that after a strong and almost instantaneous initial disinfectant consumption, the PAA consumption followed first-order kinetics with both effluents. The effluent characteristics affected the values of the parameters in the consumption model. PAA disinfection efficacy was assessed in terms of total coliform and Escherichia coli indicator organism reduction; better results were achieved with the latter. The approximate solution of Hom's model established by Haas and Joffe was used to model inactivation kinetics of both microbial targets.


The base principles of a technique of application of 3-layer feedforward fullconnected artificial neural network for execution of adaptive algorithms of testing of digital microprocessor devices are considered. The method of change of weight coefficients and thresholds of artificial neurons in the mode of operation of artificial neural network realized at the hardware level is considered. The application of this method provides implementation of adaptive algorithms of testing of the large complexity with the limited hardware resources of artificial neural network


This paper reviews a various methods exploring the topic of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) autonomous precision landing, covering two types of commercial UAVs, multi-rotor and fixed-wing UAVs. Four general methods gain the most eminence for the autonomous precision landing, which generally known as visual processing landing, satellite navigations landing, ground station navigation landing, and arrestor recovery landing. The assessment of the landing accuracies of each method are assessed and compared, if the results are being made available in the reviewed research articles. We also discussed the recent breakthroughs in sensors, processor, and flight technology that can improve the accuracy of UAV autonomous precision landing.


This research study examined variations in job satisfaction and retention of health care settings within the multi – ethnic setting of Asian nation. Multivariate Analysis of variance was used to confirm the result of variety of demographic variables (gender, age, ethnic group, marital, nationality, language and cultural barrier and spouse/family members staying in Saudi Arabia). Overall, the findings recommended that some demographic variables have vital effects on some dimensions concerned in job satisfaction (Personal growth, Salary package and professional support) and on overall retention. Job satisfaction and retention are having the foremost effects on gender, ethnic group, nationality, language barrier, cultural barrier, and spouse/family members are staying and on the contrary age and marital status having the minimum effects. As shown in Table 5 Multivariate analysis test confirms and indicates that job satisfaction and retention incorporates a robust and positive vital relationship between them. Objectives: The research objectives are two – fold: (1) to investigate the determinants of Job Satisfaction and Job Retention for OHP and RN working in Jeddah region and (2) and also to recognize the variances in the overall job satisfaction and job retention according to selected demographic individualities; Gender, Age, Nationality, Language barrier, cultural barrier, spouse staying in Saudi Arabia for example


Jan Gronski, managing director of the Cisco China Research and Development Center (CRDC), and Ivo Raznjevic, engineering director, set out to establish a new R&D facility in Shanghai, China. This case focuses on the building of a culture through human-resource practices while describing such steps as securing an appropriate building, assembling a workforce, seeking appropriate projects, developing managers, building teams, evaluating performance, protecting intellectual property, and managing growth. The case presents specific challenges that arise regarding talent management: How does a manager overcome dramatic cultural differences within a diverse workgroup? Should a local female employee be promoted from a test engineer to a development manager? How should Raznjevic help his newest manager through his first encounter with Cisco's ranking system? What action, if any, should Raznjevic take regarding a senior engineer who sent out a controversial e-mail? This material highlights organizational culture and offers an opportunity for students to learn to recognize and manage difference.The case could be taught near the end of a term to serve as a review of organizational behavior at a graduate level or in an executive education program focusing on issues of team-building, growing managers from within, and related talent-management issues in a global context.


Evolutionarily conserved cysteine residues mediate the sensitivity of the metabolic kinase FN3K to shifts in redox status. Kinase regulation conserved under stress Oxidative stress is necessary for normal cellular function and tissue physiology but can also be pathological, and its effects are mediated in part through functional modification of various proteins. Shrestha et al. and Byrne et al. found that the oxidation of kinases at active site–adjacent cysteine residues, which were conserved across the eukaryotic kinome, regulated cell metabolism and mitosis. Shrestha et al. found that conserved cysteine residues within the diabetes-associated metabolic kinase FN3K acted as a toggle switch upon oxidation, promoting its functional oligomerization and consequently altering cellular redox status. Byrne et al. found that oxidation of mitotic kinases in human cells and yeast suppressed kinase catalytic activity and, in yeast, impaired cellular division. Exploring the effect of chronic oxidative stress on kinase function and how that may be spatiotemporally regulated may enable the development of new targeted therapeutics. Aberrant regulation of metabolic kinases by altered redox homeostasis substantially contributes to aging and various diseases, such as diabetes. We found that the catalytic activity of a conserved family of fructosamine-3-kinases (FN3Ks), which are evolutionarily related to eukaryotic protein kinases, is regulated by redox-sensitive cysteine residues in the kinase domain. The crystal structure of the FN3K homolog from Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that it forms an unexpected strand-exchange dimer in which the ATP-binding P-loop and adjoining β strands are swapped between two chains in the dimer. This dimeric configuration is characterized by strained interchain disulfide bonds that stabilize the P-loop in an extended conformation. Mutational analysis and solution studies confirmed that the strained disulfides function as redox "switches" to reversibly regulate the activity and dimerization of FN3K. Human FN3K, which contains an equivalent P-loop Cys, was also redox sensitive, whereas ancestral bacterial FN3K homologs, which lack a P-loop Cys, were not. Furthermore, CRISPR-mediated knockout of FN3K in human liver cancer cells altered the abundance of redox metabolites, including an increase in glutathione. We propose that redox regulation evolved in FN3K homologs in response to changing cellular redox conditions. Our findings provide insights into the origin and evolution of redox regulation in the protein kinase superfamily and may open new avenues for targeting human FN3K in diabetic complications.


This study explored and described decision factors related to technology adoption. The research used diffusion of innovations and communities of practice (CoP) theoretical frameworks and a case study of Web services technology in the digital library (DL) environment to develop an understanding of the decision-making process. A qualitative case study approach was used to investigate the research problems and data were collected through semi-structured interviews, documentary evidence (e.g., meeting minutes), and a comprehensive member check. The research conducted face-to-face and phone interviews with seven respondents with different job titles (administraive vs. technical) from five different DL programs selected based on distinctive characteristics such as size of the DL program. Findings of the research suggested that the decision-making process is a complex process in which a number of factors are considered when making technology adoption decisions. These factors are categorized as organizational, individual, and technology specific factors. Further, data showed that DL CoPs played an important role in enabling staff members of a DL program to access up-to-date and experienced-based knowledge, provided a distributed problem solving and learning environment, facilitating informal communication and collaborative activities, and informing the decision-making process.


The market for ski runs or amusement rides often features lump-sum admission tickets with no explicit price per ride. Therefore, the equation of the demand for rides to the supply involves queues, which are systematically longer during peak periods, such as weekends. Moreover, the prices of admission tickets are much less responsive than the length of queues to variations in demand, even when these variations are predictable. We show that this method of pricing generates nearly efficient outcomes under plausible conditions. In particular, the existence of queues and the "stickiness" of prices do not necessarily mean that rides are allocated improperly or that firms choose inefficient levels of investment. We then draw an analogy between "ski-lift pricing" and the use of profit-sharing schemes in the labor market. Although firms face explicit marginal costs of labor that are sticky and less than workers' reservation wages, and although the pool of profits seems to create a common-property problem for workers, this method of pricing can approximate the competitive outcomes for employment and total labor compensation.


The calcium carbonate phases calcite, aragonite, vaterite, monohydrocalcite (calcium carbonate monohydrate), and ikaite (calcium carbonate hexahydrate) were studied by solid-state NMR spectroscopy ( (1)H and (13)C). Further model compounds were sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, and calcium hydroxide. With the help of these data, the structure of synthetically prepared additive-free amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) was analyzed. ACC contains molecular water (as H 2O), a small amount of mobile hydroxide, and no hydrogencarbonate. This supports the concept of ACC as a transient precursor in the formation of calcium carbonate biominerals.


Anxiety and fear are normal reactions in humans when situations are evaluating as being painful. In medical dentistry, anxiety and fear characterize in fact o problematic patient with special reactions during dental interventions and avoidance behavior, both behaviors having a great impact on patient's dental health. The paper presents some causes and consequences of dental fear on patient's dental health, and some considerations on psychological interventions meant at reducing anxiety and fear during dental treatment.


Biometric template security and privacy issues are critical in biometric authentication systems and require special attention. However, remote biometric authentication systems demand wider array of measures for maximum protection. This paper proposes a remote cancelable palmprint authentication protocol based on multi-directional two-dimensional PalmPhasor-fusion. The main contribution is three-fold. First, with a transposition direction selection mechanism, multi-directional two-dimensional PalmPhasor MTDPP improves the accuracy performance of two-dimensional PalmPhasor. Second, we provide the theoretical analysis of the effect of transposition on the accuracy performance of two-dimensional PalmPhasor, and hence establish an effective transposition direction range for the proposed MTDPP. Third, according to our analysis, the existing remote palmprint authentication system does not satisfy non-invertibility criterion of secure template protection and is vulnerable to interception. Besides, secret message embedding as a countermeasure for database attacks deteriorates accuracy performance and causes inconvenience in updating authenticator. The proposed protocol uses multi-directional two-dimensional PalmPhasor-fusion, one-time random number encrypted with asymmetric cryptography and encrypted hash codes of MTDPP to address the problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


It has been claimed in recent years that, on the one hand, metaphor occurs in UK university lectures in ways that are likely to confuse ESL learners (Littlemore 2001, 2003) and on the other hand that US lecturers use it in highly structured ways, particularly involving linked clusters, to help organize the lecture and indicate the opinions of the speaker (Corts and Pollio 1999; Corts and Meyers 2002). Both sets of claims are potentially useful to teachers of English for Academic Purposes (EAP). However, they both derive from studies with fairly narrow foci. There have to date been few studies examining at a more general level where metaphor occurs and how it is used in lectures. The present paper reports part of a small-scale study to develop a viable methodology for analysing metaphor use generally in lectures. It examines the incidence and use of metaphor in three UK university lectures in the BASE corpus, using a version of the MIP procedure developed by the Pragglejaz Group (2007). The main findings are that metaphor is used repeatedly throughout all three lectures, but that there are few elaborated or developed metaphors; those there are tend to be short, unconnected with later metaphors and used primarily to solve local, rather than global purposes. The implications for EAP teaching are discussed.


Billy Dean is born on the day suicide bombers decimate his home city of Blinkbonny. Miraculously, he and his mother are unharmed, but his father, for reasons of his own, decides that Billy must be reared in secret. Thus Billy grows up in a single locked room, attended to by his loving but simple mother; his unbalanced father, who visits only occasionally, brings with him stories, lessons, and the belief that his miracle child will have preternatural insight given the circumstances of his birth and his isolated upbringing. When his father leaves town, his mother brings thirteen-year-old Billy out into the world with the help of the local butcher and the woman who had served as midwife at his birth; while the butcher offers fatherly affection, Missus Malone seeks to exploit Billy, believing, like his father, that he has special gifts for communicating with the dead and healing the sick. Sure enough, Billy does appear to have some powers, but the mantle of responsibility they incur does not rest easily with him, and his father's mental instability has not yet finished inflicting its damage. Billy's story is told entirely through invented phonetic spelling, which, while always comprehensible, slows the reading down and enhances the sense of Billy's vulnerability in a confusing and devastated world. His ability to find surreal beauty in strange things, such as the dead mice he lovingly dissects in his room, hearkens back to Almond's treatment of Skellig (Skellig, BCCB 3/99) and Heaven Eyes (Heaven Eyes, BCCB 4/01), and the message is also similar: wonder and loveliness can be recovered from the ashes of festering evil. Billy's innocence doesn't save him from that evil, but his steadfast ability to find goodness, beauty, love, and mystery in the darkest places lights the way forward, for himself and readers alike. KC


In this paper we describe the Japanese-English Subtitle Corpus (JESC). JESC is a large Japanese-English parallel corpus covering the underrepresented domain of conversational dialogue. It consists of more than 3.2 million examples, making it the largest freely available dataset of its kind. The corpus was assembled by crawling and aligning subtitles found on the web. The assembly process incorporates a number of novel preprocessing elements to ensure high monolingual fluency and accurate bilingual alignments. We summarize its contents and evaluate its quality using human experts and baseline machine translation (MT) systems.


We argue that generally accepted methodologies of artificial intelligence research are limited in the proportion of human level intelligence they can be expected to emulate. We argue that the currently accepted decompositions and static representations used in such research are wrong. We argue for a shift to a process based model, with a decomposition based on task achieving behaviors as the organizational principle. In particular we advocate building robotic insects.


Recent studies have identified a series of estrogen receptor (ER)-interacting peptides that recognize sites that are distinct from the classic coregulator recruitment (AF2) region. Here, we report the structural and functional characterization of an ERalpha-specific peptide that binds to the liganded receptor in an AF2-independent manner. The 2-A crystal structure of the ER/peptide complex reveals a binding site that is centered on a shallow depression on the beta-hairpin face of the ligand-binding domain. The peptide binds in an unusual extended conformation and makes multiple contacts with the ligand-binding domain. The location and architecture of the binding site provides an insight into the peptide's ER subtype specificity and ligand interaction preferences. In vivo, an engineered coactivator containing the peptide motif is able to strongly enhance the transcriptional activity of liganded ERalpha, particularly in the presence of 4-hydroxytamoxifen. Furthermore, disruption of this binding surface alters ER's response to the coregulator TIF2. Together, these results indicate that this previously unknown interaction site represents a bona fide control surface involved in regulating receptor activity.


Background: Recent promising results from the CD33-directed immunoconjugate, gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), has transformed the realm of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment strategies and has opened the door for several other CD33-directed immunotherapeutic strategies to be tested in clinical settings. Starting from accelerated approval in 2000, GO was discontinued in 2010 due to high levels of death in a major phase 3 clinical trial until follow-up efficacy studies allowed for its re-approval in 2017. Despite the complex path of GO as a therapeutic, its impact in the field has been unprecedented and thus ongoing studies seek to improve treatment strategies using GO. Among the most prevalent challenges to this goal is the variation in structure and expression levels of CD33. In particular, previous studies from our group reported rs12459419 C>T, a splicing SNP, resulting in formation of a shorter CD33 isoform (CD33D2) that lacks the critical immunogenic IgV domain (Lamba, 2017). Given that GO recognizes the IgV domain, its therapeutic effect is compromised in patients expressing CD33D2 isoform (CT and TT genotypes). The lack of benefit observed in rs12459419 heterozygous patients is perplexing and warrants in depth investigations to understand biology of CD33D2 isoform. However, the lack of a specific antibody that can recognize the CD33D2 isoform is a significant roadblock to advancing the: (1) understanding of CD33D2 biology; (2) evaluation of CD33D2 isoform as a novel drug target; and (3) explanation regarding why heterozygous patients have compromised response to GO, despite having intermediate levels of CD33FL isoform.
 Methods: To overcome this roadblock, we focused on developing novel CD33 antibodies specifically targeted to the shared IgC domain between both isoforms (Figure 1). In brief, peptides spanning IgC domain of CD33 were used as immunogens in either Balb/c or C57BL/6 mice for antibody generation. The novel antibodies, named 5C11-2 and HL2541, were used to assess surface-level, intracellular expression, and intracellular localization of CD33 isoforms. The newly developed IgC targeting antibodies and the well-established IgV targeting P67.6 antibody were tested by flow cytometry and western blotting on the CD33 negative BaF3 cell line and BaF3 cells engineered to express CD33FL (BaF3-CD33FLGFP) and CD33D2 (BaF3-CD33D2GFP), as well as AML cell lines representing different rs1245419 genotypes.
 Results: As expected, naïve Baf3 cells showed no GFP fluorescence signal whereas BaF3-CD33FLGFP, BaF3-CD33D2GFP were positive for GFP confirming expression of CD33 isoforms (Figure 2A). Subsequent staining with P67.6 only produced a positive signal in BaF3-CD33FLGFP cells while BaF3-CD33D2GFP, which lack the IgV domain, were negative (Figure 2B). Interestingly both novel IgC targeting antibodies, 5C11-2 and HL2541, only stained positive for BaF3-CD33D2GFP cells and were negative for BaF3-CD33FL cells (Figure 2C). Western blotting confirmed the recognition of both CD33FL and CD33D2 isoforms by the IgC targeting novel antibody 5C11-2 (Figure 3). These results indicate a potential steric hindrance caused the bulky nature of the clustered extracellular Ig-folds that may have impacted recognition of native CD33FL by IgC targeting antibodies. Cytometry analysis using 5C11-2 on MV4-11 cells, which are heterozygous for the rs12459419 SNP, showed fluorescence signal when stained IgV specific P67.6 but were negative for the IgC specific novel antibody (Figure 4). These results warrant further investigation to establish the exact localization of CD33D2 in context of different cell types and primary AML cells from patients. Nonetheless, our results report successful development of novel CD33 antibodies that recognizes CD33D2 isoform, which holds promise in establishing CD33 biology and understanding the therapeutic implications such as mechanisms contributing to compromised response in rs12459419 heterozygous patients.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Information spreading processes are central to human interactions. Despite recent studies in online domains, little is known about factors that could affect the dissemination of a single piece of information. In this paper, we address this challenge by combining two related but distinct datasets, collected from a large scale privacy-preserving distributed social sensor system. We find that the social and organizational context significantly impacts to whom and how fast people forward information. Yet the structures within spreading processes can be well captured by a simple stochastic branching model, indicating surprising independence of context. Our results build the foundation of future predictive models of information flow and provide significant insights towards design of communication platforms.


This correspondence discusses some useful features of a simple architecture for the hardware realization of finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. The architecture is especially suited to applications where significant bandwidth reduction and subsampling (decimation) are required. The architecture is shown to be capable of both real signal filtering and combined complex frequency translation and low-pass filtering, although it contains no frequency synthesizer.


Bringing together the areas of sign language semantics-pragmatics interface and discourse reference, this article offers a description of how indefiniteness and (non‑)specificity is encoded in Catalan Sign Language (LSC). By using a combined methodology of corpus data and grammatical tests, the present study shows that the encoding of indefiniteness and specificity in LSC is achieved by three main means, namely lexical signs, the use of nonmanuals, and the use of signing space. The basic primitives required to analyze specificity in LSC comprise wide scope, epistemicity, and partitivity. This article proposes an analysis of the use of signing space in contributing meaning and provides insights into the characterization of the abstract import of signing space.


Author(s): Wu, Tianyu | Advisor(s): Yin, Wotao | Abstract: This thesis focuses on coordinate update methods, which are useful for solving problems involving large or high-dimensional datasets. They decompose a problem into simple subproblems, where each updates one, or a small block of, variables while xing others. These methods can deal with linear and nonlinear mappings, smooth and nonsmooth functions, as well as convex and nonconvex problems. In addition, they are easy to parallelize.The great performance of coordinate update methods depends on solving simple subproblems. To derive simple subproblems for several new classes of applications, this thesis systematically studies coordinate friendly operators that perform low-cost coordinate updates.Based on the discovered coordinate friendly operators, as well as operator splitting techniques, we obtain new coordinate update algorithms for a variety of problems in machine learning, image processing, as well as sub-areas of optimization. Several problems are treated with coordinate update for the first time in history.Coordinate update algorithms can be used to develop decentralized algorithms for consensus optimization, which run over a network in which the agents communicate with their neighbors and perform local computation. Decentralized algorithms have broad applications and attract interest by itself. The second part of this thesis proposes an asynchronous, decentralized algorithm.In the proposed algorithm, each agent can compute and communicate independently at different times, for different durations, with the information it has even if the latest information from its neighbors is not yet available. Such an asynchronous algorithm reduces the time that agents would otherwise waste idle because of communication delays or because their neighbors are slower. It also eliminates the need for a global clock for synchronization.Mathematically, the algorithm involves both primal and dual variables, uses fixed stepsize parameters, and provably converges to the exact solution under a random agent assumption and both bounded and unbounded delay assumptions. When running synchronously, the algorithm performs just as well as existing competitive synchronous algorithms such as PG-EXTRA, which diverges without synchronization. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical findings and illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.In addition to the async-parallel coordinate selection rule well studied in the rst two parts of the thesis, we analyse the cyclic coordinate selection rules, where the ordering of coordinates in each cycle is arbitrary. The corresponding algorithms are fast, but their convergence is unknown in the fixed-point setting.When T is a nonexpansive operator and has a fixed point, we show that the sequence of coordinate-update iterates converges to a fixed point under proper step sizes. This result applies to the primal-dual coordinate-update algorithms, which have wide applications to optimization problems with nonseparable nonsmooth objectives, as well as global linear constraints.Numerical experiments are presented to compare the cyclic coordinate selection rule with the previous discussed rules.


This work demonstrates a fully integrated 24 GHz CMOS receiver targeted for low power and compact wireless sensor nodes utilizing FMCW radar for wireless local positioning. The receiver incorporates a highly integrated low noise amplifier, passive mixer and on-chip transformer balun for single-to-differential conversion of LO. The receiver chip has been realized in a 130 nm CMOS technology. At 24 GHz RF the measured receiver performance includes a power conversion gain of 16.5 dB, a noise figure of 5.3 dB, an input power at 1 dB compression point of -26 dBm and an IIP3 of -15 dBm. The complete receiver chip consumes 18 mW from a 1.2 V power supply with 13 mW for the LNA and 5 mW for the output IF buffer. The chip area is 0.7 mm2. The realized receiver compares the best 24 GHz CMOS receiver realizations published so far.


Surfactant protein (SP) A gene transcription is developmentally regulated and stimulated by hormones and factors that increase intracellular cAMP. The baboon (b) genome contains two highly similar SP-A genes, bSP-A1 and bSP-A2. With the use of a ribonuclease protection assay with gene-specific probes, the two bSP-A genes were found to be differentially regulated during baboon fetal lung development in that expression of the bSP-A2 gene appeared to be induced to a high level at a later time in gestation than that of the bSP-A1 gene. Both the bSP-A1 and bSP-A2 genes were found to be highly responsive to the inductive effects of cAMP in baboon fetal lung explants in culture. By DNase I footprinting and electrophoretic mobility shift assays with bacterially expressed thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and type II cell nuclear extracts, three TTF-1 binding elements were identified within the 255-bp region flanking the 5'-end of each bSP-A gene; however, these differed in position and spacing for the two bSP-A genes. To functionally define the genomic regions that are required for cAMP regulation of bSP-A gene expression in type II cells, fusion genes composed of various amounts of 5'-flanking DNA from the bSP-A1 and bSP-A2 genes linked to the human growth hormone structural gene as a reporter were transfected into type II cells in primary culture. We found that 255 bp of 5'-flanking DNA, which contain three TTF-1 binding elements, from bSP-A1 and bSP-A2 genes were sufficient to mediate high basal and cAMP-inducible expression in type II cells. We also observed that there were no obvious differences in the magnitude of the responses of these fusion genes to cAMP treatment.


People can see how others respond to charitable events on social networking sites (SNSs). The effect of the presence of others can be explained by two contrastive accounts: the bystander effect and social learning theory. The former predicts that the perceived presence of others causes people to be less likely to help people, whereas the latter predicts the opposite. This research supported the social learning theory by finding that the perceived presence of others on SNSs positively affected intention to help, recommending behavior, and monetary donation via the mediating effects of awareness of needs and perceived responsibility to help. Additionally, this study proposed that perceived tie strength between SNS friends and psychological closeness between donors and beneficiaries would moderate the effects of the perceived presence of others. The results did not empirically confirm the moderating effect of tie strength but supported the negative moderating effect of psychological closeness.


It is shown, by direct geometric construction, that previously published uncertainty bounds on the location of polygonal or polyhedral objects can be tightened considerably. The improvement of the bounds is a result of considering the cross-coupling between rotational and translation uncertainties in the interpretation of the sensor data. Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional uncertainty bounding are tested in simulation. The two-dimensional studies are implemented as part of a robotic system for tactile recognition. These implementations prove to be useful vehicles for exploring the computational issues involved in a detailed analysis of the geometric uncertainties present in model-based object recognition systems. Among other results it is found that rotational uncertainty is independent of the scale of the models, and translational uncertainty is highly dependent on the relative angles of the model components that are sensed. >


This paper presents both simulation and experimental results of micro-drone rotor blade electromagnetic scattering. The focus of this work is investigating the variation of these reflections as a function of variables such as polarization, frequency and azimuth angle. The simulation results clearly show a strong variation in scattering with azimuth and frequency. Experimental validation of these variations was investigated and similar trends in azimuth were found. The Doppler components from an operational micro-drone in varying polarizations are shown, these demonstrate the expected signals received by a real radar system.


Planning maintenances and operations is an important concern in power systems. Although optimization based joint maintenance and operations scheduling is studied in the literature, sudden disruptions due to random generator failures are not considered. In this paper we propose a stochastic mixed-integer programming approach for integrated conditionbased maintenance and operations scheduling problem for a fleet of generators with explicit consideration of unexpected failures. The proposed stochastic program is based on failure scenarios derived from the remaining lifetime distributions of the generators, as well a chance constraint to ensure a reliable maintenance plan. We propose a deterministic safe approximation of the difficult chance constraint. The huge number of failure scenarios are handled by a combination of sample average approximation and an enhanced scenario decomposition algorithm in a distributed framework. We introduce a number of algorithmic improvements by exploiting the polyhedral structure of the problem, utilizing its time decomposability and an analysis of the transmission line capacities. Finally, we present a case study demonstrating the signficant computational benefits of our solution approach, and the importance of considering unexpected generator failures.


Abstract While many studies and reviews into the practices conducted by industry and academia to recycle and remanufacture carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) exist, to date no investigation exists which regards the correctness of the use of the terms recycling and remanufacturing. As such, this paper seeks to analyse the CFRP reuse industry's attempt to recycle and remanufacture manufacturing waste CFRP and end-of-life (EOL) CFRP with an emphasis on the terminology used to describe these practices. Firstly, this paper presents a justification of the importance of using EOL terminology correctly; outlining the benefits and problems associated with using the correct and incorrect terminology. This paper finds that in the case of CFRP remanufacturing, terminology is being applied incorrectly and in the case of CFRP recycling, particular care should be taken when applying the term recycled to CFRP or stating that CFRP has been recycled. Further, this paper proposes new terminology (in keeping with EU directives) which could be adopted by industry and academia working in this area. This paper also finds that in the case of remanufacture, CFRP is incapable of being remanufactured.


ABSTRACT Background Research has shown that students in the United States have been developing negative perceptions of science as a field of study, which is associated with low science identity. The science identity can be influenced by a variety of personal demographic predictors, non-cognitive science-related variables (e.g. science self-efficacy and science interest), and contextual predictors (e.g. school locale and geographical location). Purpose The current study explored the variability in the effect of student-level factors (i.e. gender, SES, ethnicity, science self-efficacy, science utility, and science interest) and school-level factors (i.e. school type, locale, and geographical location) on ninth-grade students' science identity. Sample Data on 16,216 ninth-grade students in the United States were obtained from a large-scale national database, the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009. Design and Methods Three models were tested using Hierarchical Linear Modeling. Results The findings showed that student-level factors accounted for a significant amount (36%) of the variability in students' science identity and a much smaller amount (< 5%) of the variability in identity was due to the variation between schools. Students' science identity was bolstered by a higher level of science self-efficacy, utility, interest, and socioeconomic status. Females, African Americans, and Hispanics had lower levels of science identity. Science identity was lower among students in rural schools and town schools compared with students in city schools and higher among students in private schools compared with students in public schools. Students in the Northeast and South had higher science identity compared to students in the West. Conclusion Establishing valuable contributions in the STEM field is strengthened when students hold constructive science identities. The current study found that various individual and contextual variables formulate students' science identities. These influences are salient in rural and town public schools with poor SES status.


The zinc deficiency affects approximately a third of the world population, principally in the developing countries, the rural areas and in the poorest communities, where this micronutrient deficiency is one of the most prevalent risk factor for nutrientrelated diseases. This paper compiles scientific advances about the key role of the essential trace element zinc in the neurogenesis control, brain function and cognitive development. The aim of this work is to generate in health professionals, interest about the zinc deficiency effects in neuro-intellectual development and its negative impact in the cultural, economic and social development of the countries.


Job insecurity is often thought to cause lower job satisfaction. However, research shows that the relationship between these two variables is more complicated than previously assumed. Previous studies fail to provide conclusive results, which indicate that the relationships between job insecurity and job satisfaction may be moderated by other variables. Two variables that can explainthis relationship are employability, defined as employees' perception of their abilities to find a new job, and work status differences (i.e., permanent and contract employees). Therefore, this study hypothesizes that employability will moderate the relationship between job insecurity and job satisfaction for, both, permanent and contract employees. Adapting scales from previous research, this study conducted a cross-sectional survey of 172 employees, comprised of permanent and contract employees, of a logistic services company in Indonesia. Results reveal that employability moderates the relationship between job insecurity and job satisfaction among permanent but not contract employees. This paper also discusses the implication of these results for the advancement of organizational behavior theory, especially for understanding the impact of job insecurity on job satisfaction. Keywords: employability, contracted employees, job Insecurity, job satisfaction, permanent employees


Prior research indicates that experiences bring greater happiness than material possessions, but which experiences result in the greatest happiness? The current investigation is one of the first to categorize types of experiences and highlights one important distinction: the extent to which an experience is ordinary (common and frequent) versus extraordinary (uncommon and infrequent). Eight studies examine the experiences individuals recall, plan, imagine, and post on Facebook finding that the happiness enjoyed from ordinary and extraordinary experiences depends on age. Younger people, who view their future as extensive, gain more happiness from extraordinary experiences; however, ordinary experiences become increasingly associated with happiness as people get older, such that they produce as much happiness as extraordinary experiences when individuals have limited time remaining. Self-definition drives these effects: although extraordinary experiences are self-defining throughout one's life span, as people get older they increasingly define themselves by the ordinary experiences that comprise their daily lives.


This work investigates the impact of carbon black (CB) as a porogenic agent and conductive additive in the preparation of electrically conductive nanoporous carbon gels. For this, a series of materials were prepared by the polycondensation of resorcinol/formaldehyde mixtures in the presence of increasing amounts of carbon black. The conductivity of the carbon gel/CB composites increased considerably with the amount of CB, indicating a good dispersion of the additive within the carbon matrix. A percolation threshold of ca. 8 wt.% of conductive additive was found to achieve an adequate "point to point" conductive network. This value is higher than that reported for other additives, owing to the synthetic route chosen, as the additive was incorporated in the reactant's mixture (pre-synthesis) rather than in the formulation of the electrodes ink (post-synthesis). The CB strongly influenced the development of the porous architecture of the gels that exhibited a multimodal mesopore structure comprised of two distinct pore networks. The microporosity and the primary mesopore structure remained rather unchanged. On the contrary, a secondary network of mesopores was formed in the presence of the additive. Furthermore, the average mesopore size and the volume of the secondary network increased with the amount of CB.


IZA DP No. 14302 APRIL 2021 Minimum Wages in New Zealand: Policy and Practice in the 21st Century New Zealand has seen dramatic changes in minimum wage policies since 2000. The adult minimum wage has increased 75% in CPI-adjusted real terms. In addition, the youth minimum wage was abolished in two stages, resulting in a 125% increase in the real minimum wage for 16–19-year-old workers. We review the motivations for minimum wages and the changes and analyse how they have affected workers outcomes. We find that the minimum wage now strongly determines the wages of teenage workers, with the minimum wage now at the median wage of teenagers, and over half of 16–17-year-olds, and about 40% of 18–19-year-olds, earning at or below the minimum. Although we find no clear evidence that increases in the minimum wage have led to adverse employment effects, we expect there are downside risks for youth and low skilled workers' employment. As minimum wage workers are broadly spread across the household income distribution, we conclude that minimum wages are largely ineffective as a redistributive income support policy. JEL Classification: J21, J23, J24, J31, J38


Using two tetraphenylbenzene isomers differing only by the anchoring points to the gold electrodes, we investigate the influence of quantum interference on the single molecule charge transport. The distinct anchor points are realized by selective halogen-mediated binding to the electrodes by formation of surface-stabilized isomers after iodine cleavage. Both isomers are essentially chemically identical and only weakly perturbed by the electrodes avoiding largely parasitic effects, which allows us to focus solely on the relation between quantum interference and the intrinsic molecular properties. The conductance of the two isomers differs by over 1 order of magnitude and is attributed to constructive and destructive interference. Our ab initio based transport calculations compare very well with the accompanying scanning tunneling microscope break junction measurements of the conductance. The findings are rationalized using a two level model, which shows that the interorbital coupling plays the decisive role for the interference effects.


Mouse model systems which allow bone marrow reconstitution can be used to analyse genetically programmed leukemia. The original and most widely used system is that of post 5-fluorouracil mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) into lethally irradiated syngeneic mice. Another more recent system allows analysis of human HSCs in the NOD-SCID mouse. Both systems are discussed as models for analysis of gene induced leukemia.


During the COVID-19 pandemic, self-proclaimed resistance movements have organized protests against containment measures both in digital media and on the streets. References to the past and an invocation of collective memory have been important elements in the toolbox of their populist communication. We propose the notion of "commemorative populism" to describe the weaponization of history and memory for the proliferation of a political cause by populist activists. In a qualitative content analysis, we examined postings by the German "Querdenker," a movement against Corona containment policies. Findings show 6 types of the (ab)use of history and collective memory: (1) the recontextualization of quotations by historical personalities, (2) the creation of false historical analogies and flattering genealogies, (3) the claim of historical exceptionalism, (4) the denigration of elites by referring to failures of medical history, (5) the dissemination of disinformation about historical facts, and (6) the support of conspiracy myths by the myths' own history.