s, 11th AAP 2018, Malaysia S50 The Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society | Volume 18 | Supplement 1 | October 2018 was made for an endocrown as opposed to the conventional method of crown lengthening surgery followed by a castpost-core and crown. Crown lengthening was contraindicated given the short roots and close proximity of the root furcation to the crestal bone. The endocrown was fabricated using monolithic zirconia and cemented with resin cement using the adhesive technique. There were no complications reported during the review appointments. Discussion: Endocrown is a single monoblock restoration consisting of a intraradicular post, core and crown. It allows for the conservation of tooth structure and also a reduced clinical time. Retention of the crown is obtained via macroretention by engaging the internal wall of the pulp chamber and the crown preparation margins while microretention is achieved with the use of adhesive cements. Conclusion: The patient was satisfied with the treatment outcome. At one-year follow-up, the endocrown is still functional and in good condition. Endocrowns may be considered as a feasible treatment option for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with compromised tooth structure. However, stringent case selection is necessary. DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.244582 CRNC12: Maxilla Reconstruction with 12 Telescopic Fixed Dental Prosthesis Shu-You Lin, Dai Yu Liou, Hsi-Kuei Lin Prosthodontic Department, Taipei Medical University‐Shuang‐Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan Introduction: Patient came to the outpatient department with 16 to 26 provisional fixed dental prosthesis (FDP). Due to past unpleasant dental experience, patient denied traditional FDP and traditional RDP for rehabilitation. He mentioned the information about telescopic restoration which he found on the internet. After evaluation of the residual tooth structure and periodontal status of the existing abutment teeth, the idea of telescopic prosthesis was accepted. Case description: A 52-year-old patient asked for full mouth rehabilitation. Clinical finding as follows: 121 22 23 residual root 2Upper and lower partial edentulism 3Class II jaw relationship. After completion of the 12 unit telescopic FDP of the maxilla, he was satisfied with the chewing function and appearance. He could unwear the denture and clean the prosthesis which was very important for him, since he was concerned about further tooth decay or periodontal inflammation. Discussion: After three months, he came back and told us that the prosthesis was broken because it fell down on the floor during cleaning. The clinical examination showed that the metal substructure could not be fitted in due to the distortion. Because he was reluctant to remove the inner crown, we faced the problem of fabricating a precise FDP that could be fitted into mouth. Eventually, we used provisional CAD / CAM PMMA to fabricate the 12 unit outer crown. Finally he was satisfied with the new prosthesis again including chewing function and esthetic. Conclusion: This technique can help patient satisfied the second prosthesis although the material is provisional CAD/ CAM PMMA. DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.244583 CRNC13: Healing Large Bone Defect with Concentrated Growth Factor in Window Sinus Lift: A Case Report Sharon Lee Sher Ling Private Dental Practitioner, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Introduction: Large bone defects usually need large membrane to cover and months for bone maturation. Healing of large bone defect has improved by the use of Concentrated Growth Factor CGF liquid phase mixture with bone graft to increase cell proliferation, and CGF solid phase as membrane to speed up soft tissue healing and maturation therefore leaving inner bone to consolidate. Case description : Male 55y/o without medical problem require a implant at #14, #25 and #26 ; CBCT show need of sinus lift on #25 #26 which requiring 9mm of augmentation. 5tube of blood was drawn for CGF; sinus lift was done by lateral window without perforation. One CGF membrane was tuck in to protect membrane layer. 0.5CC allograft mix with CGF liquid phase, bone become sticky and packed without pressure condensation. 2CGF membrane was covered on surface and suture. 2 weeks post-surgery review with excellent soft tissue closure. CBCT 6 months later show well consolidated bone graft with good cortical layer, implant was placed into mature grafted area, and restored with individual crown after 3 months. Discussion: In large defect, bone grafts are more difficult to survive with varying degree of graft resoption, and tissue tension during closure. CGF contain high quantities of growth fator including TGFB1, VEGF, presence of multipotent


Whether it is steam powered or has an internal combustion engine as the main engine of propulsion, a ship without a boiler is unimaginable; somehow a boiler, which is indispensable on ships is needed. Boiler, one of the most important ship auxiliary engines, is used for several purposes that consist of heating of fuel tanks, machinery equipment and accommodation. Many problems can arise in boilers which are designed to work with main engine exhaust gas so that the waste heat can be used in order to match expectations of energy efficiency requirements. When ship systems are analyzed, it is understood that many systems are related to each other. If there is a problem with the boiler many systems will be affected and many problems will be encountered. Therefore, this study provides a fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method to assess most common critical operational faults in marine boilers. The DEMATEL method gives chances to identify and analyses the important faults of marine boiler with respect to cause effect relationship diagram. Likewise, fuzzy sets get through with the uncertainty in decision making and experts comments on DEMATEL. When the results are examined, it is understood that "boiler takes excessive time to reach pressure" is important in terms of the reasons. When the effects are examined, it is seen that the most important effect is "leakage from pipes or valves". The acquired results of the research will contribute to ship boilers operational safety and prevention of dangerous machinery effects.


This Article integrates social science theory about immigrant incorporation and administrative agencies with empirical data about immigrant-serving federal workplace agencies to illuminate the role of bureaucracies in the construction of rights. More specifically, it contends that immigrants' rights can be protected when workplace agencies incorporate immigrants into labor law enforcement in accordance with the agencies' professional ethos and organizational mandates. Building on Miles' Law that "where you stand depends on where you sit," this Article argues that agencies exercise discretion in the face of contested law and in contravention to a political climate hostile to undocumented immigrants for the purpose of protecting workers. Consequently, strongly pro-immigrant policies in the political branches are not necessary for the recovery of immigrants' rights. Instead, entrenched institutional commitments to professional ethics and recognition of organizational mandates constrain politics resulting in a hybrid form of bureaucratic politics. Empirical evidence of regulatory responses to immigrant workers after Hoffman Plastic v. NLRB in three federal agencies serve as comparative case studies: the U.S. Department of Labor, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and the National Labor Relations Board.


In this study we analysed the outcome of computer-assisted therapy (CAT) for anomia on eight acute aphasic patients. Since therapy for anomia generally leads to an item-specific effect, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether it is possible to enhance recovery from anomia by increasing the number of treated items. Two periods of five daily written-naming CAT sessions were compared: In one period the CAT included one set of 48 words (single list) and in the other period a double list of 96 items was treated. Seven out of eight patients improved in naming performance for treated items. Overall gains were superior after practising the double list, despite fewer item repetitions. These results suggest that the size of the effect of therapy for anomia depends more on the number of treated items than on the number of repetitions per item. The integration of these results within the framework of studies on intensity is discussed.


The consequences of natural hazards are frequently estimated by the direct cost of recovering damaged infrastructure and the indirect costs to road users, economic activities, and impacts on society. Road networks are crucial in economic systems, logistic chain continuity, accessibility, mobility, and the evacuation of population during and after extreme events. Risk management systems (RMS) are used to estimate the potential consequences of natural events and to assess strategies for risk reduction. These commonly assess hazards, assets exposure, economic losses, and risk mitigation actions, among others. The general framework of RMS can be adapted to different scenarios. Still, local characteristics, such as the types of hazards and physical assets, cannot always be directly adopted from these systems. This study discusses the development of SIGeR-RV, an RMS developed in Chile for road networks exposed to multiple natural hazards. The RMS was implemented in a web-based geographic information system platform able to display hazard maps, quantify risk levels, prioritize mitigation strategies, and estimate direct and indirect costs and social vulnerability. The content and various capacities of the system are detailed, following the steps marked in its framework. This first version of SIGeR-RV considers seismic hazard, volcanic lahars, and hydro-meteorological hazards that affect road platforms, bridges, tunnels, and cut slopes. The system currently serves as a tool for the Ministry of Public Works of Chile and other decision makers to estimate budget requirements for increasing resilience of the road network, identifying vulnerable road segments, and assessing the socioeconomical impacts of risk reduction.


Objective—The purpose of this paper is to describe the "spectrum of prevention", a framework for developing multifaceted approaches to injury prevention. The value of the tool is that it can help practitioners develop and structure comprehensive initiatives. Methods—The spectrum is comprised of six inter-related action levels: (1) strengthening individual knowledge and skills, (2) promoting community education, (3) educating providers, (4) fostering coalitions and networks, (5) changing organizational practices, and (6) influencing policy and legislation. Activities at each of these levels have the potential to support each other and promote overall community health and safety. Conclusions—The spectrum of prevention is a tool which can help practitioners and policy leaders move beyond a primarily educational approach to achieve broad community goals through injury prevention strategies that include policy development. This framework has been endorsed and applied in a variety of disciplines, however it has not been formally evaluated, a process that could clarify the scope of its effectiveness.


BACKGROUND
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is dominated by a Th1 response whereas atopic diseases such as asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis are characterized by a Th2 response. Because it is known that Th1 and Th2 cells reciprocally counteract each other, it can be speculated that the prevalence of Th2-mediated diseases is lower in patients with a Th1-mediated disease.

OBJECTIVES
To compare the prevalence of atopic diseases among children with IDDM and age-matched controls.

METHODS
The study group comprised 65 children with IDDM attending the pediatric endocrinology clinic at the Wolfson Medical Center. The control group consisted of 74 non-diabetic children who presented at the emergency room due to an acute illness (burns, abdominal pain, fever, head trauma). Patients were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire on their history of personal and familial atopic and autoimmune diseases. In addition, a total serum immunoglobulin E concentration and the presence of IgE antibodies to a panel of relevant inhalant allergens were analyzed.

RESULTS
Children with IDDM and their first-degree relatives had a significantly higher prevalence of other autoimmune diseases such as thyroiditis and celiac as compared to controls. The two groups had a similar prevalence of atopic diseases with respect to history, total serum IgE, or the presence of IgE antibodies to a panel of relevant inhalant allergens.

CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of atopic diseases in IDDM patients was similar to that in the normal population. Our results suggest that the traditional Th1/Th2 theory to explain the complexity of the immune response is oversimplified.


Objective: There is interest in current care delivery models for diabetes (DM) management that utilize mobile technologies as a new standard, especially during and following the COVID-pandemic. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a digital health program (iHealth Unified Care model) which integrates remote patient monitoring (RPM) and nutrition/lifestyle coaching in primary care settings for patients with DM.
 Methods: Primary care physicians (PCPs) across primary care practices enrolled patients with DM into the iHealth Unified Care program during 2019-2021. Bluetooth connected devices with a mobile app were provided to monitor blood glucose and other vital signs . PCPs and their supervised care team including registered dietitians and certified diabetes educators provided the initial assessment and nutrition consultations to set up personalized treatment and behavioral goals. PCPs' care team had regular follow up visits with the patients every 3-6 months virtually and provided vitals monitoring and dietary coaching on a daily basis via the iHealth Unified Care platform which connects the patient's mobile app, bluetooth devices, and data analytics engine in real-time.
 Results: 691 patients with DM (66 ± years old, 47% female) were enrolled in the program and stayed ≥3months. Compared to the baseline, the HbA1c decreased from 7.35% ± 1.75 (Mean,SD) , to 6.77% ± 1.17 at 3 months (n=691, P<0.01) and 6.78% ± 1.at 6 months (n=262, P<0.01) . The average HbA1C reduction was 0.57 (CI:0.48-0.67) after 3months. The HbA1c poor control (≥9%) rate was 17.2% at baseline, 5.6% at 3 months and 4.2% at 6 months.
 Conclusions:The iHealth Unified Care model significantly improved the glycemic control of patients with DM after 3 months and 6 months compared to baseline. Randomized control trials are needed to further confirm the long-term effectiveness.

 L.Wang: Employee; iHealth Labs, Inc. H.Xu: Employee; iHealth Labs. Z.Liu: Employee; iHealthlabs Inc. N.D.Wong: Consultant; I Health, Research Support; Amarin Corporation, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Novo Nordisk.


In recent years, modular approaches to design and production have been discussed and implemented in various ways in the automotive industry. However, this paper draws on the author's extensive work with firms in the automotive and other industries to suggest that there is still relatively limited understanding of what modular strategies really mean and of what effective implementation of modularity strategies would entail in the automotive industry ' with the result that at least some automotive firms that claim to be using modular strategies are in fact doing so in name only. This paper then proposes the essential principles on which effective implementation of modular strategies depends in any industry. We illustrate these principles with examples of both effective and faulty modularity practice from the automotive and other industries. We then propose a modularity maturity model for assessing the degree to which a firm has developed and is applying a real modularity competence in automotive design, development, production, and after-service.


The expanding role of physical education teachers at the college level led them to perform multifarious jobs including conduct of sports events, taking classes, maintaining discipline, and other important engagements. This workload had enhanced the complexity of their job and the demands intensive involvement of physical education teachers at the college level. Though very limited research has been done in the profession of physical education aiming at determining the factors influencing their job performance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of professional factors (professional attitude, professional pride & professional autonomy) among lecturers in the Federal and Provincial Governmental Colleges. This cross-sectional study utilized a stratified random sample of n=223 (males=139; females=84). A 67 items with closed-ended options questionnaires were used in the study, which was properly piloted with 30 other lecturers. By the use of an automated online platform, survey information was collected and all responses remained confidential. The demographic attributes were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while inferential statistics were applied to test the set hypotheses of the study. Findings of the study revealed that all the variables are significantly correlated at a significant level of 0.01. Other findings included a significant effect of professional factors upon the job performance of lecturers (p < .05). Additionally, the p values for all the variables are lesser than the standard value (p < 0.05) hence, homogeneity of variances is assumed.  Based on the findings, it is recommended that professional attitude, pride, and autonomy might be ensured among teachers to enhance their job performance.


With the rapid increase of vehicle population, any alternative fuel resource of automobile should be fully utilized in order to reduce the petroleum consumption and environment pollution. However, the alternative fuels should be estimated with scientific and objective methods before they are utilized. In order to study the energy consumption and exhaust emissions of the automobile alternative fuels, the energy consumption and emissions of automotive fuels were calculated and estimated during the whole life cycle. The results show that the energy consumption of diesel oil reaches minimum, the CO2 emission of ethanol, the CO of diesel oil, the NOX of methanol, the PM2.5 and PM10 of LPG and the SOX of DME reach minimum. The SOX emissions of BD20 are maximum in feedstock stage. VOC emission is maximum in fuel stage. CO emission also is maximum in vehicle operation. The NOX emissions of E90 are maximum in feedstock stage. PM2.5, PM10 and SOX emissions are maximum in fuel stage. CO emission is maximum in vehicle operation.


The paper summarizes the results of studying the effects of subliminal stimulation of the basolateral part of the amygdala nuclei complex on alimentary secretory conditioned and unconditioned reflexes (11 dogs, 150 tests of low-frequency and 95 tests of high-frequency stimulation). It has been found that stimulation of the basolateral amygdala taking part in the inhibitory system of alimentary behaviour control may exert not only inhibitory but also activating influences on the alimentary secretory reaction. The inhibitory effects are, however, much stronger than the activating ones, particularly with low-frequency stimulation. Subliminal stimulation of the basolateral amygdala affects dissimilarly inborn alimentary reactions and conditioned, acquired reactions. Conditioned secretory reactions in most cases (up to 80% of the tests) are inhibited, while unconditioned ones, are activated. It is suggested that the amygdala plays a different role in these two types of reactions.


Intelligent buildings are becoming a trend of next-generation's commercial buildings, which facilitate intelligent control of the building to fulfill occupants' needs. Energy and comfort management is the major task for a building automation system. Since occupants' behaviors have a direct impact on the system performance, the building should be capable to interacting with occupants by responding to their requests and obtaining feedbacks based on their behaviors. In this paper, a multi-agent based intelligent control system is developed for achieving effective energy and comfort management in a building environment. The developed multi-agent system turns out to be capable of facilitating the building to interact with its occupants for realizing user-centered control of buildings.


Tetragonal phase CaGd2(MoO4)4:Eu3+ with ovoid like hierarchical structures were prepared via employing ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) using the hydrothermal route at 200 °C for 24 h. X-ray diffraction patterns and field emission scanning microscopy images were used to characterize the crystal structure, phase, morphology and size of the nano samples. X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (Edax) confirmed the presence of elements in phosphor samples. The PL properties of the phosphors were studied thoroughly. The photophysical properties of the samples were examined by the Judd–Ofelt theory. The CIE coordinates of the prepared phosphor samples illustrate that red light emission can be realized from CaGd2(MoO4)4:Eu3+ phosphor and it coexists very close to NTSC standard values. All these results show that ovoid like CaGd2(MoO4)4:Eu3+ micro/nanophosphor is a promising material for display applications.


In the last decade, the research literature has reached an enormous volume with an unprecedented current annual increase of 1.5 million new publications. As research gets ever more global and new countries and institutions, either from academia or corporate environments, start to contribute, it is important to monitor this complex phenomenon and understand its dynamics and equilibria.

We present a study on a conference proceedings dataset extracted from Springer Nature SciGraph that illustrates insightful geographical trends and highlights the unbalanced growth of competitive research institutions worldwide in the 1996–2016 period. The main contribution of this work is fourfold. In the first instance, we found that the distributions of institutions and publications among countries follow a power law, consistently with previous literature, i.e., very few countries keep producing most of the papers accepted by high-tier conferences. Secondly, we show how the turnover rate of country rankings is extremely low and steadily declines over time, suggesting an alarmingly static landscape in which new entries struggle to emerge. We also performed an analysis of the venue locations and their effect on the distribution of countries involved in the publications, underlining the central role of Europe and China as knowledge hubs. Finally, we evidence the presence of an increasing gap between the number of institutions initiating and overseeing research endeavours (i.e. first and last authors' affiliations) and the total number of institutions participating in research.

The paper also discusses our experience in working with authors' affiliations: an utterly simple matter at first glance, that is instead revealed to be a complex research and technical challenge.


This work addresses joint transceiver optimization for multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In practical systems the complete knowledge of channel state information (CSI) is hardly available at transmitter. To tackle this problem, we resort to the codebook approach to precoding design, where the receiver selects a precoding matrix from a finite set of pre-defined precoding matrices based on the instantaneous channel condition and delivers the index of the chosen precoding matrix to the transmitter via a bandwidth-constraint feedback channel. We show that, when the symbol constellation is improper, the joint codebook based precoding and equalization can be designed accordingly to achieve improved performance compared to the conventional system.


The chronic and prolonged use of alcohol and illicit substances has been associated with serious neurocognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to examine whether this impairment impacts upon treatment outcomes in contemporary substance dependence treatment programs. Specifically, the study examined whether level of neurocognitive functioning was associated with outcomes in an intensive 17 week residential substance dependent treatment program. After withdrawal and detoxification, 33 alcohol dependent and 27 amphetamine dependent participants completed a psychometric battery assessing three domains of executive functioning (i.e. cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency & working memory) as well as memory and learning, attention and speed of information processing. Treatment outcomes pre and post treatment were also collated (viz. perceived self-efficacy to abstain from substance use; the use of coping behaviours to prevent relapse; emotional regulation skills; and treatment completion). A series of hierarchical multiple regressions were computed to assess whether psychometric test performance could predict treatment outcome. The results indicate that treatment outcome was associated with performance in each executive functioning domain. Also, treatment completers demonstrated significantly better performance iri the memory and learning and working memory domains than treatment non-completers. Poorer performance on the tests of attention was also associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Contrary to expectations, no between-group differences were found between the alcohol and amphetamine dependent groups on any of the neurocognitive domains. More generally, this study found that following a protracted period of abstinence, neurocognitive functioning was associated with treatment efficacy in a substance dependence program. These findings demonstrate the utility of understanding the role of neurocognitive functioning in responses to substance dependence treatment.

Keywords: Substance dependence; Amphetamine dependence; Alcohol dependence; Neurocognitive functioning; Executive functioning; Treatment outcome; Abstinence


In the shoot apical meristem stem cells are maintained throughout the life of the plant, cells at the periphery starts to differentiate into more specialized cell types, and new organs are initiated in spectacularly symmetric patterns. It is known that the dynamics and maintenance of the meristem is determined by gene regulatory networks, hormone signaling and mechanical forces. Our aim is to understand how these modules are integrated, acting on a cellular level, and producing a very organized tissular regulation of a coordinated differentiation and morphogenesis. To address this we employ the method of Computational Morphodynamics, where live-imaging of the complete shoot is combined with mathematical modeling for iteratively improving the understanding of growth and differentiation. In this talk I will discuss several aspects of the dynamics. In particular, I will focus on how a radial patterning within the meristem can robustly result from a gene regulatory network as well as from a purely mechanical model.  I will continue to discuss how the phytohormones auxin and cytokinin can be involved in setting up the radial patterning, how this relates to early organ initiation, and how meristem shape can play an essential role in the differentiation process. References [1] Bozorg, B, Krupinski, P, Jonsson, H (2014) Stress and Strain provide positional and directional cues in development. Plos Comp Biol 10:e1003410. [2] Yadav, RK, Perales, M, Gruel, J, Ohno, C, Heisler, M, Girke, T, Jonsson, H*, Reddy, GV* (2013) Plant stem cell maintenance involves direct transcriptional repression of differentiation program. Mol Sys Biol 9:654.


Mutation accumulation varies across a genome by chromosomal location, nucleotide identity, surrounding sequence, and chromatin context1–5. Nevertheless, while mutagens, replication machinery, and repair processes exhibit identifiable mutation signatures, at the tissue scale the aggregate manifestation of these processes has been difficult to measure. The challenge in observing tissue-wide somatic mutation patterns is that prior to clonal expansion, most mutations are relatively rare6–9. This challenge has meant that somatic mutation detection in humans has largely been limited to in vitro expanded stem cells10–13 or clonal expansions that occur in vivo14–17. Here we describe a new method called FERMI (Fast Extremely Rare Mutation Identification), which comprehensively captures and quantifies rare mutations at single DNA molecule resolution, that exist at frequencies as rare as 10−4. Using this method, we observed that mutations are highly prevalent in human peripheral blood cells, with virtually every position mutated across fewer than 105 cells. Our results revealed an unanticipated degree of similarity in somatic mutation patterns across individuals, where most assayed substitutions are found to occur at conserved frequencies across nearly all individuals spanning a nine-decade age range. We observe substantial bias in changes for many positions, including substitution to only a single base across all assayed individuals. These observed mutational patterns existed both within non-conserved, non-coding and non-repetitive regions of the genome and within the coding regions of oncogenes implicated in hematopoietic malignancies. Finally, we identify individuals who deviate from typical mutational patterns in a reproducible manner that resembles a mild mismatch repair deficiency, suggesting that variance from typical somatic mutation rates may be relatively common. This study provides an unprecedented characterization of mutations in terminally differentiated somatic cells and demonstrates that somatic mutations in such cells are significantly more frequent and deterministic than previously believed.


Background: Machine Learning (ML) offers automated data processing substituting various analysis steps. So far it has been applied to flow cytometry (FC) data only after visualization which may compromise data by reduction of data dimensionality. Automated analysis of FC raw matrix data has not yet been pursued.
 Aim: To establish as proof of concept an ML-based classifier processing FC matrix data to predict the correct lymphoma type without the need for visualization or human analysis and interpretation.
 Methods: A set of 6,393 uniformly analyzed samples (Navios cytometers, Kaluza software, Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL) was used for training (n=5,115) and testing (n=1,278) of different ML models. Entities were chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) 1103 (training) and 279 (testing), monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL, 831/203), CLL with increased prolymphocytes (CLL-PL, 649/161), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL, 560/159), hairy cell leukemia (HCL, 328/88), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL, 259/53), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL, 90/28), follicular lymphoma (FL, 84/16), no lymphoma (1211/291). Three tubes comprising 11 parameters per tube were applied. Besides scatter signals analyzed antigens included: CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD10, CD11c, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD23, CD25, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD79b, CD103, FMC7, HLA-DR, IgM, Kappa, Lambda. Measurements generated LMD files with 50,000 rows of data for each of the 11 parameters. After removing the saturated values (≥ 1023) we produced binned histograms with 16 predefined frequency bins per parameter. Histograms were converted to cumulative distribution functions (CDF) for respective parameters and concatenated to produce a 16x11 matrix per each tube. Following the assumption of independence of parameters this simplification of concatenating CDFs represents the same information as if they were jointly distributed. The first matrix-based classifier was a decision tree model (DT), the second a deep learning model (DL) and the third was an XGBoost (XG) model, an implementation of gradient boosted decision trees ideal for structured tabular data (such as LMD files). The first set of analyses included only three classes which are readily separated by human operators: 1) CLL, 2) HCL, 3) no lymphoma. The second set included all nine entities but grouped into four classes: 1) CD5+ lymphoma (CLL, MBL, CLL-PL, MCL), 2) HCL, 3) other CD5- lymphoma (LPL, MZL, FL), 4) no lymphoma. The third set included each of the nine entities as its own class.
 Results: Analyzing the three classes from the first set (CLL, HCL, no lymphoma) the models achieved accuracies of 94% (DT), 95% (DL) and 96% (XG) when including all cases. By analysis of cases with prediction probabilities above 90%, DT now reached 97%, DL 97% and XG 98% accuracy, whilst losing 38%, 8% and 6% of samples, respectively. We further observed that accuracy was also dependent on the size of the pathologic clone, which is in line with the experiences from human experts with very small clones (≤ 0.1% of leukocytes) representing a major challenge regarding their correct classification. Focusing on cases with clones > 0.1% but considering all prediction probabilities accuracies were 96% (DT), 97% (DL) and 98% (XG), with loss of 5% of samples for each model. Considering cases only with prediction probabilities > 90% and clones > 0.1% accuracies were 97% (DT), 99% (DL) and 99% (XG) whilst losing 38%, 9% and 9% of samples, respectively.
 Further analyses were performed applying the best model based on results above, i.e. XG. Analyzing four classes in the second set of analyses (CD5+ lymphoma, HCL, other CD5- lymphoma, no lymphoma) and considering cases only with prediction probabilities > 95% and clones > 0.1% accuracy was 96% while losing 28% of samples. In the third set of analyses with each entity assigned its own class and again considering cases only with prediction probabilities > 95% and clones > 0.1% accuracy was 93% while losing 28% of samples.
 Conclusions: This first ML-based classifier using the XGboost model with transforming FC matrix data to concatenated distributions, is capable of correctly assigning the vast majority of lymphoma samples analyzing FC raw data without visualization or human interpretation. Cases that need further attention by human experts will be flagged but will not account for more than 30% of all cases. This data will be extended in a prospective blinded study (clinicaltrials.gov NCT4466059).

 Heo: AWS: Current Employment. Wetton:AWS: Current Employment.


This study examines potential waste diatomite and catalyst reuse to prepare water absorption and retain porous ceramics. The operating conditions are constant pressure (5 MPa), sintering temperature (1000–1270°C), sintering time (2 h), waste diatomite containing waste catalyst at different proportions (0–20%), respectively. The porous ceramic samples containing waste catalyst show low thermal conductivity properties (0.278–0.349 W/mK), probably owing to the more pores than those in the concrete (1.458 W/mK). Water release (t1/2 value) by the porous ceramic samples is decelerated by porous ceramic samples containing waste catalyst, due to the synergy effect of high water absorption by the waste catalyst and better than in the foamed glass material (4 h). Porous ceramic samples containing waste catalyst is highly promising for use in water absorption and retention applications. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 640–648, 2013


Skin impressions from hadrosaurid dinosaurs are relatively common finds throughout the Cretaceous Western Interior of North America. A recently discovered specimen from the late Campanian-aged Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah is typical for hadrosaurs, with randomly arranged polygonal tubercles averaging around 4 mm in length and 3 mm in width. Based on the associated bones, these impressions likely originated on the thorax of the animal. In contrast with most previously published finds, the skin is not preserved in perfect articulation with the skeleton. This suggests a taphonomic mode in which the skeleton and soft tissues were partially disarticulated prior to burial.


The purpose of this study is to present a systematic analysis of the long-term behavior of the agents of an artificial society under varying payoff functions in finite neighborhood binary games. By assuming the linearity of the payoffs of both cooperating and defecting agents, the type of the game is determined by four fundamental parameters. By fixing the values of three of them and systematically varying the fourth one we can observe a transition from Prisoner's Dilemma to Leader Game through Chicken and Benevolent Chicken Games. By using agent-based simulation we are able to observe the long-term behavior of the artificial society with different and gradually changing payoff structure. The difference between different games is explored and the effect of the transition from one game to the other on the society is investigated. The results depend on the personality types of the agents. In this study greedy and Pavlovian agents are considered. In the first case, we observe the most significant change in trajectory structure between Prisoner's Dilemma and Chicken Games showing significant difference in the behavioral patterns of the agents. Almost no changes can be observed between Benevolent Chicken and Leader Games, and only small change between Chicken and Benevolent Chicken. The trajectories change from always converging to regularly oscillating patterns with systematically altering amplitude and central values. The results are very similar whether the agents consider themselves as members of their neighborhoods or not. With Pavlovian agents no significant difference can be observed between the four games, the trajectories always converge and the limits smoothly and monotonically depend on the value of the varying parameter.


The Cognitive and Demographic Variables that Underlie Note-taking and Review in Mathematics: Does Quality of Notes Predict Test Performance in Mathematics? Elizabeth A. Belanfante Taking and reviewing lecture notes is an effective and prevalent method of studying employed by students at the post-secondary level (Armbruster, 2000; Armbruster, 2009; Dunkel & Davy, 1989; Peverly et al., 2009). However, few studies have examined the cognitive variables that underlie this skill. In addition, these studies have focused on more verbally based domains, such as history and psychology. The current study examined the practical utility of notes in actual class settings. It is the first study that has attempted to examine the outcomes and cognitive skills associated with note-taking and review in any area of mathematics. It also set out to establish the importance of quality of notes and quality of review sheets to test performance in graduate level probability and statistics courses. Finally, this dissertation sought to explore the extent to which variables besides notes also contribute to test performance in this domain. Participants included 74 graduate students enrolled in introductory probability and statistics courses at a private graduate teacher education college in a large city in the Northeast United States. Participants took notes during class and provided the researcher with a copy of their notes for several lectures. Participants were also required to write down additional information on the back of two formula sheets that were used as an aid on the midterm exam. The independent variables included handwriting speed, gender, spatial visualization ability, background knowledge, verbal ability, and working memory. The dependent variables were quality of lecture notes, quality of supplemental review sheets, and midterm performance. All measures were group administered. Results revealed that gender was the only predictor of quality of lecture notes. Quality of lecture notes was the only significant predictor of quality of supplemental review sheets. Neither quality of lecture notes nor quality of supplemental review sheets predicted overall test performance. Instead, background knowledge and instructor significantly predicted overall test performance. Handwriting speed was a marginally significant predictor of overall test performance. Future research aimed at replicating these findings and expanding the results to include other mathematical domains and educational levels is recommended.


Digital sport content distributed through a digital network is presumed to have advantages
due to the nature of digital content. Diminishing or even no marginal costs should allow for
exploitation of current economically non-viable (niche) markets. There is an interest within
NOS*NSF to examine the viability of digital sport content exploitation for different types of
sport unions. As potential profitability (of the Internet) can be understood only by looking
at individual industries and individual companies, this master thesis examines the industry
around sport content by economically validating revenue models for four types of sport
unions. The question answered in this theses is which (combination of) revenue model(s)
captures the most economic value for a sport union exploiting digital video content
through a website.
A global actor view provided an overview of all relevant actors and their interactions with
the digital service provider. A process model showed when an actor is involved and which
decisions regarding a revenue model have to be made. The result of these overviews is
that a distinction has to be made between revenue model dependent and independent
actors. These revenue model actors and their relations with the digital service provider
provides the "playing-field" in which decisions about the revenue model have to be made.
The overall playing-field determines the economic viability of a revenue model.
A meaningful categorization of revenue models is a categorization that shows the decisions
made in the revenue process. Therefore a distinction can be made between direct revenue
models where there is a direct financial exchange between end consumer and content
supplier and indirect revenue models where there is an indirect exchange. Within these
two types, distinctions can be made between on how the processes are modeled. Five
revenue models have been identified: subscription, pay per view, self determined pricing,
advertising and sponsoring.
The comparison between the revenue models takes place based on the number of
interested persons needed to break-even. The earnings per interested person determine
when a revenue model reaches the break-even point. Solving the break-even equations for
the revenue models indicates when a revenue model becomes economic viable.
The economic viability is the difference between costs and revenues. The costs of a digital
content provider are subdivided into three categories: infrastructure, production and
payment costs. The production costs make up 85% of the fixed costs, thereby greatly
influencing the viability of the business model of a digital content provider, as all revenue
models have to overcome these fixed costs. These high production costs are known as
first-copy costs. The specific revenue variables determining the economic viability are:
interest in content, price and usage.
Our research indicates that the size of a sport union has consequences for the revenue
model selection. The break-even validation shows that for sports with little interest
sponsoring is the only solution to exploit content in a viable way.
The subscription revenue model is currently the best revenue model for large sport unions
to capture economic value. Within our current estimates, a subscription model starts
making profit with approximately 74,500 interested sportspersons. A combination of this
direct revenue model with an indirect revenue model might lower the number of interested
persons needed.
Concluding, a combination of the direct subscription model with an indirect revenue model
captures the most economic value for a sport union exploiting digital video content
through a website.


Background: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) measures should be tested for their sensitivity and responsiveness to changes in OHRQoL if they are to be used as outcome measures in clinical interventions. Objectives: (a) To evaluate the sensitivity of the Malay version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (Malay-ECOHIS) to dental treatment of early childhood caries (ECC) under General Anesthesia (GA) by: (i) assessing changes in the distribution of Malay-ECOHIS scores before and after treatment under GA, (ii) assessing the association between Malay-ECOHIS change scores and severity of decayed teeth (dt) categorized by the median and percentile score, (iii) assessing the correlation between Malay-ECOHIS change scores and the number of decayed teeth, and (iv) assessing the correlation between Malay-ECOHIS change scores and number of extracted teeth; (b) evaluate the responsiveness of the Malay-ECOHIS to dental treatment of ECC under GA by comparing whether the observed changes in Malay-ECOHIS scores and effect size (ES) took the form of a gradient across the global transition judgement; and (c) establish the Minimal Important Difference (MID) of the Malay-ECOHIS. Methods: A consecutive sample of parents of 158 preschool children (aged 6 and younger) with ECC attending five public hospitals in Selangor for dental treatment under GA was recruited over an 8-month period. Parents self-completed the Malay-ECOHIS prior to and 4 weeks following their child's dental treatment. In addition, parents answered a global health transition judgement concerning the change in their child's overall oral health condition compared to before treatment. Data were analyzed using independent and paired samples T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and standardised scores. Results: Overall, 138 children completed the study with response rate of 87.3%. The final sample comprised parents of 76 male (55.1%) and 62 female (44.9%) preschool children with mean age of 4.54 years (SD=1.01). The ECOHIS mean score after treatment was significantly lower compared to before treatment. This significant reduction in mean score existed for total Malay-ECOHIS, Child Impact Section (CIS), Family Impact Section (FIS), and all the sub-domains, respectively (P<0.001). The magnitude of change (ES) of total Malay-ECOHIS following treatment was +1.0 and among domains ranged from +0.4 to +1.9. There was no significant association between Malay-ECOHIS change scores and severity of decayed teeth (dt) categorized by median or percentile score. However, there was a weak, positive correlation between number of decayed teeth (dt) and Malay-ECOHIS (r=0.165, p=0.05) and CIS change scores (r=0.175, p<0.05), respectively. No significant correlation was found between Malay-ECOHIS change scores and number of extracted teeth. Based on global health transition judgement, 62.3% of parents reported their child's oral condition "a little improved" while 37.7% reported "much improved" following treatment under GA with ECOHIS mean change score of 6.7 (ES=+1.1) and 9.6 (ES=+1.2), respectively. There was an observed gradient in the changes of Malay-ECOHIS scores and effect sizes in relation to global health transition judgement of oral change following treatment, supporting the responsiveness of the measure. The Malay-ECOHIS MID was found to be 7-point change with large ES of +1.0. Conclusion: The Malay-ECOHIS is empirically proven to be sensitive and responsiveness to dental treatment of ECC under GA.


Large amounts of cholestanol, the 5 alpha-dihydro derivative of cholesterol are found in tissues of patients with the rare inherited sterol storage disease cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Although small amounts of cholestanol are present in virtually every tissue of normal man, little is known about its metabolism and effect on cholesterol and bile acid formation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the absorption and metabolism of cholestanol and its early effects on hepatic morphology and on the rate-limiting enzymes of cholesterol and bile acid biosynthesis. After 2 wk on a diet supplemented with 2% cholestanol, total liver sterol content increased by 48% (3.26 vs. 2.20 mg/g), and resulted in a significant rise in hepatic cholestanol concentration to 1.4 mg/g. However, cholestanol was less efficiently absorbed from the intestine than cholesterol and interfered with cholesterol absorption. Furthermore, hepatic hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity rose 2.6-fold (from 150.3 to 397.0 pmol/mg per min) during cholestanol feeding, and was associated with a marked proliferation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the centrilobular areas. In addition, significant amounts of allocholic acid (16%) and allochenodeoxycholic acid (5%) were formed from cholestanol and excreted in the bile. These results show that cholestanol is absorbed from the intestine, interferes with cholesterol absorption, and is deposited in the liver. However, in contrast to cholesterol, cholestanol feeding was associated with a marked elevation of HMG-CoA reductase activity. Thus, despite structural similarity between cholesterol and its 5 alpha-saturated derivative, cholestanol does not exert feedback inhibition on hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis.


Formative research was conducted in the Republic of the Marshall Islands to help develop a diabetes prevention intervention. Methods included in-depth interviews, semistructured interviews, and direct observation of household behaviors in urban and remote settings. Foods were classified into two main conceptual spheres: foods from the islands/Marshallese foods and imported/American foods. Diabetes (nanimij in tonal) is a highly salient illness and is believed to be caused by foods high in fat and sugar, consumption of imported/American foods, family background, and the atomic bomb testing. Physical activity and eating a traditional diet were viewed as important for preventing diabetes. The traditional belief system links a large body with health, and a thin body with illness; however, perceptions are changing with increased acculturation and education about the health risks of obesity. These findings were used to develop a diabetes prevention home visit intervention currently being implemented and evaluated in Marshallese households.


Abstract The aim of the paper is to show the situation of the National Museum Library (NML) in the period of 1939–1945 based on archival documents. Central changes made by the Nazis affected people as well as their work in the NML. It was not possible to continue as before – some employees had been arrested or executed by the Gestapo. Nevertheless, the number of the NML staff increased as a result of the transfer of officials from the closed Ministry of War and Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Two employees of German nationality joined the NML based on the new rules concerning the relations between Czechs and Germans in public services. The operation of the library came under the supervision of Professor Carl Wehmer, who planned a cataloguing reform, was in charge of the book collections and ensured their later evacuation. The plans for a new NML exhibition were cancelled and replaced by propagandistic exhibitions imported from Germany, such as Deutsche Größe. The Nazi ideologists planned to return the National Museum and its library to the original idea of the land museum. Also Emil Franzel, a former leading member of the German Social Democracy in Czechoslovakia, a later member of the Sudeten German Party and in 1940–1941 an official in the NML, followed the idea of a land museum in his book History of the National Museum Library (Prague 1942), the first monograph on the history of the NML.


Public dissatisfaction with tomato flavour has resulted in extensive research into methods of chemometric and sensory profiling, crop improvement and novel breeding strategies for future cultivar development. This work focused on characterising the intrinsic content of flavour and taste active compounds, their origin, localisation, evolution and biosynthesis across multiple cultivars using targeted instrumental analysis and non-targeted metabolomics approaches with the aim to better understand cultivar specific clustering driven by genetic differences as expressed by the metabolome.

Metabolomic classification successfully discriminated all 10 cultivars used in this study with 134 discriminant features upregulated in one or more cultivars as determined by ROC. A total of 7 compounds were tentatively identified based on the Sum formula Identification by Ranking Isotope patterns Using mass (SIRIUS) workflow. Those compounds were primarily related to tryptophan metabolism including the flavonones hesperetin, naringenin and prunin. Targeted analysis for taste and flavour active compounds including sugars, nucleotides, amino acids and volatiles was conducted to further understand the inherent biochemical traits that might lead to sensory quality differentiation. Discriminant classification using the volatile constituents alone allowed for a 91.7% successful classification of 252 samples into their respective cultivar groupings, with only a single cultivar proving challenging to classify.

Other than the inherent genetic variation between cultivars, the biochemical changes occurring during ripening is a significant determinant factor of the overall quality of the ripe fruit. Metabolomic profiling of 3 cherry cultivars across different stages of ripening revealed a relationship that was comparable during ripening transition. The transitionary ripening stages, namely the transition from 'Mature Green' to 'Breaker/Turning' or 'Orange' showed the most significant difference and highest degree of flux, due to the rapid conversion of many cellular components and processes. This includes rapid catabolism of GABA (~30% decrease), tripling of glutamate, doubling of the organic acid and sugar contents and the differential patterns of volatile generation. Fruits showed progressive generation of organoleptically important compounds throughout ripening, with less significant differences notable between 'Table Ripe' and 'Light Red' than in the earlier stages of fruit ripening, however a shift in fruit quality was still notable.

Localisation of compounds in the different parts of the tomato fruit is important in flavour and taste delivery. Hence, the distribution and abundance of flavour and taste active metabolites was determined in three distinct tissues of tomato fruit across three cultivars. This approach complemented the more commonly used homogenisation, enabling further exploration into the roles each tissue plays in the organoleptic profile of fresh tomato. The importance of the locule fluid, although accounting only for a small percentage of total fruit weight, was highlighted by the markedly increased concentrations of organic acids and umami amino acids, 2-2.5 and 2.3 times greater than that of the flesh, respectively, with comparable sugars. This likely indicates that the tissue is significant to the intense gustatory sensations associated with the first few seconds of fresh tomato consumption.

It is important that investigations in certain tomato fruit biochemical traits are somehow linked with measurable sensory attributes, in order to assess the intensity and acceptability of the cultivars. The distinct chemical profiles for 10 cultivars were then correlated to equivalent sensorial data creating simple binary predictive models. Adjusted R2 values indicated 93.7%, 80.3% and 82.8% coverage of the populations of data for the models, respectively. Sweetness, sourness and umami all showed very strong, significant relationships following linear regression between the analytical and sensory datasets. Finally, understanding and opinion of fresh tomatoes was elucidated though market research and open-forum sensory analysis. The findings indicated that part of the poor perception of tomato flavour may be due to inappropriate post-point of purchase handling, where 75% of surveyed households still store tomatoes in the fridge which is known to impede the formation of desirable organoleptic components.


Migration moves people, ideas and things. Migration shakes up political scenes and instigates new social movements. It redraws emotional landscapes and reshapes social networks, with traditional and digital media enabling, representing, and shaping the processes, relationships and people on the move. The deep entanglement of media and migration expands across the fields of political, cultural and social life. For example, migration is increasingly digitally tracked and surveilled, and national and international policy-making draws on data on migrant movement, anticipated movement, and biometrics to maintain a sense of control over the mobilities of humans and things. Also, social imaginaries are constituted in highly mediated environments where information and emotions on migration are constantly shared on social and traditional media. Both, those migrating and those receiving them, turn to media and communicative practices to learn how to make sense of migration and to manage fears and desires associated with cross-border mobility in an increasingly porous but also controlled and divided world.


PURPOSE
The aim of the study was to determine to what extent collagen gel contraction could be reduced by calcium and calmodulin antagonists and agents that elevate cyclic AMP in order to develop a pharmacological approach to prevent/arrest RPE contraction of epiretinal membranes in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. We also explored a possible role of pigment in collagen gel contraction.

METHOD
We measured RPE mediated contraction of 3D collagen gels in the presence and absence of the calcium and calmodulin antagonists TMB8, Verapamil and Tamoxifen and the cAMP elevating agents IBMX and Forskolin. The effect of pigment on collagen gel contraction was assessed by comparing gel contraction mediated by RPE cells re-pigmented with melanin with that mediated by unpigmented RPE. The effect of IBMX on RPE proliferation was assessed using a BrdU ELISA and the effects of IBMX on RPE cytoskeleton and cell shape were assessed using Actin and Cytokeratin immunocytochemistry.

RESULTS
We report that both cAMP elevating agents and calcium and calmodulin antagonists reduce RPE mediated collagen gel contraction. Cyclic AMP elevation was more effective than a reduction in calcium in reducing contraction. There were no significant advantages in combining both approaches. The presence of melanin had no effect on gel contraction. Calcium antagonists and particularly agents which elevate cAMP caused RPE cells in collagen gels to extend fewer and shorter processes. cAMP elevation in particular caused RPE cells to become more rounded and develop arborized cell processes. Immunostaining for actin and cytokeratin revealed changes in cytoskeletal organisation in response to IBMX in that cells contained less actin than untreated cells and concentrated cytokeratins more centrally.

CONCLUSION
We have identified two possible pharmacological approaches which may provide a new direction for preventing or slowing down the development of PVR.


A semiconductor-based mode-locked laser source with low repetition rate, ultralow amplitude, and phase noise is introduced. A harmonically mode-locked semiconductor-based ring laser is time demultiplexed at a frequency equal to the cavity fundamental frequency (80MHz), resulting in a low repetition rate pulse train having ultralow amplitude and phase noise, properties usually attributed to multigigahertz repetition rate lasers. The effect of time demultiplexing on the phase noise of harmonically mode-locked lasers is analyzed and experimentally verified.


Fish species identification is important as the interest of consumers in sea-fish meat is increasing. The aim of this study was to determine hake species distribution on the Czech market by the PCR-RFLP and sequencing of mt cyt b, and to develop and optimise an alternative system for determination of hake species by sequencing and/or PCR-RFLP using Pan I sequence. Among 20 samples of hake obtained on the Czech market three species were identified: North Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) and South Pacific hake (Merluccius gayi). The approaches tested in our study represent a significant tool either for the differentiation of hake species from other gadoid species (PCR) or for intraspecies identification of different hake species (PCR-RFLP, sequencing). This knowledge can be applied in detection of fish species substitution within the consumers' rights protection.


The Anatolian Dissimilation Rule (ADR) was first introduced in an oral presentation by us in 2006 and first published by us in 2012, though it had, in several fundamental aspects, been prefigured in articles by, e.g., Gillian Hart and Birgit Olsen. The ADR expresses the following sound change(s): Proto-Indo-European *h3 > {Hittite š; Luvian t/d; Lycian, Milyan t; Lydian s} / ## __ X Labiovelar Y, where X and Y are arbitrary (possibly null) phone strings and X does not contain #. There are five PIE roots/words with attested reflexes in Anatolian that are subject to the ADR, and all of them exhibit the appropriate outcomes: *h3okw- 'eye', *h3ēh2u̯r̥ 'urine', *h3n̥gwh- 'fingernail, toenail', *h3óngwn̥ 'fat, butter, oil, salve', *h3(o)rh2u̯ent- 'innards, intestine(s)'. The ADR covers all relevant items exceptionlessly; nevertheless, it has not been widely accepted. Potential reasons—both Anatolian-specific and more generally phonological—will be discussed and rebutted below, in the light of our previous arguments/suggestions and some newly added and upgraded ones.


The domain of work and the domain of HE are no longer as distinct as they once might have seemed and professional doctorates can be understood as one manifestation of the contemporary intersection between HE and workplaces. While an unproblematic alignment between the institution of work and higher education institutions is often assumed in government policy documents, which call for the formation of HE-industry partnerships and the co-production of knowledge, we suggest this overlooks the power-inflected nature of knowledge production and what gets to count as knowledge in both these locations. This paper proposes a poststructuralist analytic framework for examining power-knowledge formations using professional doctorates as a research site and outlines preliminary research in this area.
A poststucturalist perspective, which draws attention to relationships between language, power, social institutions and subjectivity (Weedon, 1987), enables the exploration of multiple and mobile force relations in play in HE-workplace intersections. This opens up a number of potentially rich areas for ongoing research in professional doctorates. It enables an analysis of the embodiment and ongoing activation of discourses by individual actors through their identifications and articulated standpoints, thereby illuminating the complex mechanisms whereby the social becomes interiorised and understood as coming from within. For instance Kemmis (2005) refers to practitioners as the carriers of discourse.
This is an important conceptual move as it enables both academics and professional doctorate candidates to be understood as 'practitioners'. This is a view that is often not available in the often taken for granted theory/practice split that has prevailed since Enlightenment times. We are interested in exploring the interrelationships between theory and practice both in the domain of work and the domain of HE. So how might this be done? An analysis of discourses in circulation in both these domains and the embodiment and activation of discourse by individual actors enables alignments between work and educational institutions to be examined but also negotiations, compromises and disjuncture in what counts as knowledge. This approach enables a view of professional doctorates as precarious spaces in which their ethos and purpose undergo constant articulation and location by individual actors but always in relation to wider structural and policy contexts.
The above ideas underpin an exploration of professional doctorates currently being undertaken by researchers from the Institute of Work Based Learning at Middlesex University. The overall study will include the collection and analysis of various texts including: electronic copies of research projects undertaken as a major component of a Professional Doctorate Award; the Module Handbook provided to candidates which provides a guide to candidates completing the research component of their award; interviews with Module tutors and advisers working on the Professional Doctorate programme; and examiners reports of the doctoral level research.
The present focus is on academic advisers and their discursive construction of the professional doctorate. Interviews exploring: what makes a 'good' professional doctorate? have been undertaken with advisers working on the Professional Doctorate programme. The interviews were conducted with the aim of establishing a model of 'best practice' for the induction of new advisers working on the DProf programme. However, rather than reading the interview texts in order to develop normative themes as to how the DProf 'should' be, the interviews have been analysed with a focus on language, identity/ies, academic practices and values. We are interested in how the DProf is constituted by academic advisers and the implications in terms of how it might be assessed.
While a more detailed analysis of the texts is yet to be undertaken, a preliminary analysis points to tensions and contradictions in the interview texts and the ongoing identity work performed by academic advisers as they attempt to negotiate the domain of work and the domain of HE. The 'in between' spaces of professional doctorates may potentially be an uncomfortable space for academics. For example, academic advisors may no longer be aligned with more traditional notions of knowledge production in circulation in the academy. Arguably a privileging of knowledges other than those produced in the academy works to disrupt existing knowledge hierarchies and the power associated with the academy. Nor might academic advisers be 'at home' in workplaces as academics are situated in the academy and as such are required to operate within its rules, regulations and institutional practices. We are interested in exploring the notion of professional doctorates as precarious spaces where a constant agonistic negation takes place between the academy and the workplace.
The emergent and precarious nature of articulations of professional doctorates can be understood as a function of the wider economic, social and policy contexts that effect the terms of engagement of HE and workplaces and the values and purposes that are assigned to these fields. The subject positions taken up by academic advisers within this dynamic and politicised context, and their constructions of what constitutes knowledge within professional doctorates may reflect these ongoing tensions. Academic constructions of professional doctorates may therefore subvert and refract dominant discourses of knowledge production and in so doing, open up space for new practices and alignments, while at the same time constraining other possibilities. It is because cultural process of discourse and identity formation at the level of the individual have material effects that these processes are so important to interrogate and make visible.


In this work, liberation of cisplatin molecules from interior of a nanotube due to entrance of an Ag-nanowire inside it was simulated by classical molecular dynamics method. The aim of this simulation was investigation on the effects of diameter, chirality, and composition of the nanotube, as well as the influence of temperature on this process. For this purpose, single walled carbon, boron nitride, and silicon carbide nanotube were considered. In order for a more concise comparison of the results, a new parameter namely efficiency of drug release, was introduced. The results demonstrated that the efficiency of drug release is sensitive to its adsorption on outer surface of the nanotube. Moreover, this efficiency is also sensitive to the nanotube composition and its diameter. For the effect of nanotube composition, the results indicated that silicon carbide nanotube has the least efficiency for drug release, due to its strong drug-nanotube. Also, the most important acting forces on drug delivery are van der Waals interactions. Finally, the kinetic of drug release is fast and is not related to the structural parameters of the nanotube and temperature, significantly.


With the rise in global greenhouse gas emissions, many studies have sought methods to reduce the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Existing methodologies are primarily based on amine solvents such as monoethanolamine (MEA) and 2-amino-2-methylpropanol (AMP) due to their high carbon absorption capacity and good recyclability. As such, they are used for the capture of CO2 from sequestration sites and its subsequent electrochemical transformation. However, because amines have large enthalpies of reaction, this leads to expensive and energy-intensive processes that limit their capacity for large-scale application. Thus, this study seeks to develop an electrochemical device that can sustain efficient CO2 capture and conversion through precipitation. The dissolved inorganic divalent cation calcium (Ca,2+) reacts with carbon to form carbonate (CO32-) compounds that flow through a thin membrane, facilitating the filtration of the precipitate. We hypothesized that higher alkalinity will produce a greater quantity of CO2 capture, as measured by the change in seawater pH and the mass of precipitate formed. The CO32- compound is, in turn, converted to the industrial fuel formic acid (HCOOH). Through our experimentation, we found a statistically significant difference between the measured pH of seawater before and after CO2 capture (p < 0.001), thus suggesting this setup as a proof of concept for the effective reduction of ocean acidification. Additionally, we observed an upwards trend as higher concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were generally associated with greater changes in pH.


The aim of the project was to design amultiple linear regression model and use it to predict the share's closing price for 44 companies listed on the OMX Stockholm stock exchange's Large Cap list. The model is intended to be used as a day trading guideline i.e. today's information is used to predict tomorrow's closing price. The regression was done in Microsoft Excel 2010[18] by using its built-in function LINEST. The LINEST-function uses the dependent variable y and all the covariates x to calculate the β-value belonging to each covariate. Several multiple linear regression models were created and their functionality was tested, but only seven models were better than chance i.e. more than 50 % in the right direction. To determine the most suitable model out of the remaining seven, Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), was applied. The covariates used in the final model were; Dow Jones closing price, Shanghai opening price, conjuncture, oil price, share's opening price, share's highest price, share's lowest price, lending rate, reports, positive/negative insider trading, payday, positive/negative price target, number of completed transactions during one day, OMX Stockholm closing price, TCW index, increasing closing price three days in a row and decreasing closing price three days in a row.The maximum average deviation between the predicted closing price and the real closing price of all the44 shares predicted were 6,60 %. In predicting the correct direction (increase or decrease) of the 44 shares an average of 61,72 % were achieved during the time period 2012-02-22 to 2013-02-20. If investing 50.000 SEK in each company i.e. a total investment of 2.2 million SEK, the total yield when using the regression model during the year 2012-02-22 to 2013-02-20 would have been 259.639 SEK (11,80 %) compared to 184.171 SEK (8,37 %) if the shares were never to be traded with during the same period of time. Of the 44 companies analysed, 31 (70,45 %) of them were profitable when using the regression model during the year compared to 30 (68,18 %) if the shares were never to be sold during the same period of time. The difference in yield in percentage between the model and keeping the shares for the year was 40,98 %.


The following essay is a creative, midrashic excavation of the genesis of Isaac and Rebecca's world. The tools used in excavating the narrative are limited to the works and insights of three dialogic philosophers, Franz Rosenzweig, Martin Buber and Emmanuel Levinas - complimented with a few citations from Abraham Joshua Heschel and Avivah Zornberg. In fact, the following is the author's reading of these thinkers into the narrative. In using their thought midrashically, the author takes liberties with their insights and use them out of the context in which they wrote. In doing so, the author's voice could be easily confused with their voices.


A range of precision farming technologies are used commercially for variable rate applications of nitrogen (N) for cereals, yet these usually adjust N rates from a pre-set value, rather than predicting economically optimal N requirements on an absolute basis. This paper reports chessboard experiments set up to examine variation in N requirements, and to develop and test systems for its prediction, and to assess its predictability. Results showed very substantial variability in fertiliser N requirements within fields, typically >150 kg ha⁻¹, and large variation in optimal yields, typically >2 t ha⁻¹. Despite this, calculated increases in yield and gross margin with N requirements perfectly matched across fields were surprisingly modest (compared to the uniform average rate). Implications are discussed, including the causes of the large remaining variation in grain yield, after N limitations were removed.


We present the discovery of four new transiting hot Jupiters, detected mainly from SuperWASP-North and SOPHIE observations. These new planets, WASP-52b, WASP-58b, WASP-59b, and WASP-60b, have orbital periods ranging from 1.7 to 7.9 days, masses between 0.46 and 0.94 MJup, and radii between 0.73 and 1.49RJup. Their G1 to K5 dwarf host stars have V magnitudes in the range 11.7−13.0. The depths of the transits are between 0.6 and 2.7%, depending on the target. With their large radii, WASP-52b and WASP-58b are new cases of low-density, inflated planets, whereas WASP-59b is likely to have a large, dense core. WASP-60 shows shallow transits. In the case of WASP-52 we also detected the Rossiter-McLaughlin anomaly via time-resolved spectroscopy of a transit. We measured the sky-projected obliquity λ = 24 ◦ +17 −9 , indicating that WASP-52b orbits in the same direction as its host star is rotating and that this prograde orbit is slightly misaligned with the stellar equator. These four new planetary systems increase our statistics on hot Jupiters and provide new targets for follow-up studies.


Existing literature shows that Peer-to-Peer (P2P) content sharing can result in significant scalability gains in addition to assisting content distribution networks (CDNs). However, currently proposed CDN and P2P hybrid schemes do not provide accurate and efficient incentives to attract and maintain more peers. Besides, they do not use efficient prioritized congestion control and content source selection mechanisms to reduce content transfer time. We present Hincent, a quick content distribution protocol, which uses efficient prioritized rate allocation and content selection algorithms offering high incentives to participating peers. The fair incentives attract more peers which securely download and distribute contents. This in turn can benefit content providers and network operators. The Hincent rate allocations results in quicker content transfer time when compared with existing schemes. Hincent also employs effective rate enforcement mechanisms without requiring changes to the TCP/IP stack or to existing routers. Unlike existing centralized schemes such as YouTube, the design allows peers to have full control of (their) contents while sharing them with others using personal web servers. We have implemented Hincent in the NS2 simulator. Our detailed trace-based experiments show that Hincent outperforms existing schemes in terms of file download time and throughput by up to 30% on average. The results also demonstrate that Hincent obtains fair uplink prices for the uploaders and fair cost for the downloaders maintaining an overall system fairness. Besides, the results show the efficient Hincent enforcements of the prioritized allocations.


The current publication introduces the flux barrier design method and the concrete design of the synchronous reluctance machine with the reduced torque pulsations. The reviewed method provides the accelerated approach for designing of rotor flux barriers, based on Fast Fourier transforms and simple mathematical expressions. The proposed method has been utilized in the rotor design of synchronous reluctance machine and has shown desired results in reduced torque ripple. The innovative nonsymmetrical geometries for rotor flux barriers created on the basis of proposed flux barrier design method have been implemented and proved as beneficial.


This paper presents data from mid-frequency (4-8 kHz) under-ice acoustic transmission and communication experiments in the Nansen Basin and in the Beaufort Sea of the Arctic Ocean. Measured impulse responses to range ∼10 km showed considerable delay spread between distinct groups of arrivals due to surface-ducted and bottom-reflected paths. The relative strengths of these groups depend on duct and under-ice properties. We demonstrate that despite shallow (∼25 m) source/receiver depths, good communication performance can be achieved in both environments when exploiting the bottom-reflected arrivals. Simulations with the Bellhop ray model support the findings.


Petrasek, Lubomir. M.S., Department of Economics, Wright State University, 2005. The Determinants of Current Account Dynamics in the Medium Run: an International Approach. The primary aim of this paper is to explore medium-term determinants of the current account across a large sample of countries and compare the results with theoretical predictions of the intertemporal model (ICA). In addition, the purpose is to test hypotheses about the stability of the current account equations across different groups of countries, test the twin deficit hypothesis, the Ricardian equivalence hypothesis, and examine the importance of other theoretically relevant factors for current account determination. Based on a sample of 129 countries over the period 1991 to 2000, one can observe substantial differences between current account models for developing and industrialized countries. Whether developing countries are defined according to GDP per capita or according to credit rating, the hypothesis that they face the same current account model as industrialized countries can be rejected at the 99 percent level of confidence. Whereas the intertemporal model (ICA), particularly after allowing for overlapping generations, appears to be a reasonable framework for explaining the current account in developed countries, no such conclusion can be made about developing countries.


Socio-technical systems have very complex structure in which multidimensional co-evolutionary dynamics between people and technical factors are presented. Each urban zone has different socio-technical conditions in which the built environment and the user choices are varied. Understanding how urban transportation is shaped by socio-technical factors and how these factors in turn affect the transportation users and the transportation performance worldwide is important in order to support sustainable transportation planning. An integrative literature review and multiple worldwide analysis of transport indicators conducted in the present thesis. Approximately two hundred cities distributed over sixty countries were examined. The present worldwide transport analysis contains socio-information of the population, the working population, the annual growth rate, the income level, the car ownership, the higher education level, and the culture dimensions. On top of that, the analysis contains technical information of the population density, the land area, infrastructure accessibility and infrastructure design parameters. User preferences were assessed through urban travel mode share. Furthermore, in order to assess the transport performance, specific data were used for the analysis such as congestion level, commute distance by modes, transport-related energy consumption and transport-related CO2 emissions of cities. The present thesis aimed to provide a holistic view of socio-technical factors shaping urban transportation for transport planners and local governments. The thesis focused on understanding which alternative transport modes can be sustainable under specific socio-technical conditions and how to attract travellers towards these sustainable modes. The thesis also assessed, under which technical conditions an urban transport system can minimize its socio-economic costs and environmental impacts. Furthermore, interrelations among the socio-technical factors, their influence on the transport users and transportation performance were identified and presented as a scheme in a holistic view.


The United States (U.S.) has experienced a natural gas "boom" due to the development of unconventional shale plays, but well development is energy intensive. Operations use electric drilling rigs typically powered by either three high-horsepower diesel engines (HHPDE) or three dedicated natural gas engines (DNGE) and associated generators. From a first law analysis, HHPDEs peak at about 42% efficient at full load, while DNGE peak at about 30%. Most fuel energy is lost as heat rejected by the exhaust and radiators. Concurrently, during cold seasonsor or in cold regions rigs utilize boilers to provide steam throughout the rig to prevent freezing and provide comfort.
 Our analysis focused on a combined heat power (CHP) approach to improve the utilization factor (UF) of fossil energy consumed during unconventional drilling operations. Engine activity, boiler fuel consumption, and exhaust gas temperatures were recorded during winter drilling of an entire well in the Marcellus shale. Four characteristic activity cycles were extracted from recorded activity to represent four energy consumption scenarios. Exhaust and jacket water heat exchangers (E-HEX, JW-HEX) were designed and simulated, and results were analyzed in 0-D models for the four case scenarios. A 584-kWh hybrid energy management system (HEMS) was also designed and simulated into the model as another method to reduce fossil energy fuel consumption during well development.
 HHPDE UF improved on average from 35.7% to 55.7% if only E-HEX were used and improved to 72.7% if JW-HEX were also used. DNGE average UF increased from 19.0% to 34.9% using E-HEX only. HEMS utilization improved UF up to an average of 76.9% and 39.1% for HHPDE CHP and DNGE CHP systems, respectively.


Abstract Contemporary Montenegro was created as a result of the break-up of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Although this country was for a short time an integral part of Serbian Republic and functioned on the international arena as the so-called new Yugoslavia, Montenegrin society decided in a referendum to proclaim independence in 2006. Despite the fact that the separation took place in a peaceful manner, the frozen conflict between these countries slowly began to intensify. The areas it covered were legal, political and especially religious issues. The dispute reached its climax during the Covid-19 epidemic, when the Montenegrin authorities put to a parliamentary vote a draft of the Law on Religious Freedoms, which would de facto deprive all property of the Serbian Orthodox Church that has been operating in Montenegro for centuries. This led to mass protests by the indigenous Serb population identifying with the Serbian Patriarchate. The regulations against which the supporters of the pro-Serb opposition protested provided that religious communities would have to prove the transfer of ownership of real estate and land they had acquired before 1918, when Montenegro became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes – a state created after the World War I, which was renamed Yugoslavia on January 6, 1929. The main goal of the article is to present the genesis and development of the conflict summarized above, as well as to show its legal, religious and political consequences not only for the Montenegrin state, but indirectly for the entire region. The article consists of two main parts. The first one covers a short description of the Montenegrin nation/regional/ethnic group with the general problem of its identity outlined. The second describes the genesis, essence and recent events of the Serbo-Montenegrin conflict, which is taking place on the legal, political and cultural-religious level. The text includes an introduction and final conclusions.


Microcracking is often observed in the resin pockets of as-cured 3D woven composites with significant through-the-thickness fiber constraint. The resin is subjected to a triaxial tensile stress during cooling due to thermal expansion mismatch and shrinkage during curing. However, the temperature dependence of the failure surface for resins subjected to triaxial tensile stress is not known and there is no standard measurement method for applying a triaxial tensile stress. We have developed a novel method for measuring the triaxial tensile failure stress surface by confining the shrinkage of the resin to tubes of different thicknesses and made of materials with different thermal expansion coefficient. The difference in thermal contraction and shrinkage between the resin and the confining tube subjects the resin to a triaxial tensile stress during cooling and curing. We vary the stress-temperature state by selecting tubes with different coefficient of thermal expansion. We infer the stress in the resin from the deflections of the tube measured by a high resolution dilatometer assuming that the tube is a linear elastic, thick-walled pressure vessel.


Hyaline membrane disease or respiratory distress syndrome of prematurely born infants is more common in males, in Caucasians, has a familial predisposition, and is associated with maternal diabetes and delivery by cesarean section before the onset of labor. Now known to be the sequel of surfactant deficiency, it can be predicted prenatally by assay of amniotic liquid for surface active materials produced by the fetal lung. Deficiency of adequate surfactant synthesis or secretion can result in low levels of lecithins and other phospholipids in amniotic liquid. Lung maturation can result in low levels of lecithins and other phospholipids in amniotic liquid. Lung maturation can be accelerated if labor or elective delivery can be deferred at least 24 hours. Glucocorticoids given to the mother cross the placenta and enter fetal lung tissues; specific receptors exist in the lung which permit glucocorticoids to promote cell differentiation and surfactant synthesis precociously. Clinical trials support the efficacy and lack of short-term toxicity of glucocorticoids in human pregnancy after 28 weeks gestation in the event of premature onset of labor. Maternal toxemia, infection or illness which may be aggravated by glucocorticoids may contraindicate prenatal treatment. Postnatally endogenous glucocorticoids accelerate lung maturation, and further administration confers no additional benefit.


As at 20 September 1989, 15 children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had been diagnosed in South Africa and indications are that this number is going to increase at a rapid rate in the near future as the disease establishes itself in the heterosexual population. A brief overview of the clinical aspects of human immunodeficiency virus infections in children is given before the psychosocial implications are considered in more detail.


Objective To determine the relative effectiveness of mulligan bent leg raising compared to slump stretching in the treatment of patient with low back pain. Materials and Method : This study was conducted on physically active subject of low back pain. They were randomly assigned into two equal groups. The pre-test measurements were taken for both the groups for range of passive SLR and Pain. The group A got Mulligan BLR and group B got slump stretching for the period of 4 weeks. After the end of 4 weeks post test measurement taken as similar to the pre-test measurement and the result obtained were compared. Result : Results of the study shows that both the techniques MBLR and SLUMP are effective in reducing pain and alter the ROM of PSLR. However MBLR group shows greater improvement in pain and ROM of PSLR, then the SLUMP group in patient with Low Back Pain. Conclusion : According to the results of present study MBLR tech is significantly reduce pain and improve ROM of PSLR then the slump technique. Improvement of pain and PSLR range, by the MBLR technique, might be due to mobilization of the painful, sensitized, nerve tissues.


Represented data is the summing information about functioning of Dissertation Council for the conferment of academic degrees of candidate and doctor in linguistics in 2007.


We propose a new approach for detecting repeated patterns on a grid in a single image. To do so, we detect repetitions in the space of pre-trained deep CNN filter responses at all layer levels. These encode features at several conceptual levels (from low-level patches to high-level semantics) as well as scales (from local to global). As a result, our repeated pattern detector is robust to challenging cases where repeated tiles show strong variation in visual appearance due to occlusions, lighting or background clutter. Our method contrasts with previous approaches that rely on keypoint extraction, description and clustering or on patch correlation. These generally only detect low-level feature clusters that do not handle variations in visual appearance of the patterns very well. Our method is simpler, yet incorporates high level features implicitly. As such, we can demonstrate detections of repetitions with strong appearance variations, organized on a nearly-regular axis-aligned grid Results show robustness and consistency throughout a varied database of more than 150 images.


When business owners and executives run for elected office, they claim their experience in business leaves them uniquely equipped to govern. Does electing a business owner or executive have an effect on public policy? With original data, including race, gender, political experience, and occupational backgrounds of 3,257 mayoral candidates from 263 cities, I document a striking lack of diversity in US mayoral politics and show that business owners and executives are extraordinarily well represented in American city halls. Nearly 32% of mayors have experience as a business owner or executive, making it the most common occupation across both time and geographic region. Using a regression discontinuity design, I find that business executive mayors do shape municipal fiscal policy by shifting the allocation of expenditures, investing in infrastructure while curtailing redistributive spending. Notably, my results suggest that business executive is not simply a proxy for Republican partisanship.


The distribution of 5-methylcytosine in Eco RI-Bam HI fragments of phage lambda DNA in vitro methylated by Eco RII methylase has been studied. The general picture of distribution of methylated sites in phage lambda DNA is slightly different from the statistical distribution. However, the sites have been found, where the distribution of 5-methylcytosine is not accidental. A complete absence of 5-methylcytosine in the J-fragment, a genome lambda area essential for site-specific recombination, has been found. The absence of Eco RII is supposed to be the best protection of this area of phage genome from the increased mutagenesis, characteristic for nucleotide sequences methylated by DNA-methylated Eco RII and Eco RII type.


With the success of the Internet and flexibility of MPEG-4, transporting MPEG-4 video over the Internet is expected to be an important component of many multimedia applications in the near future. Video applications typically have delay and loss requirements, which cannot be adequately supported by the current Internet. Thus, it is a challenging problem to design an efficient MPEG-4 video delivery system that can maximize the perceptual quality while achieving high resource utilization. This paper addresses this problem by presenting an end-to-end architecture for transporting MPEG-4 video over the Internet. We present a framework for transporting MPEG-4 video, which includes source rate adaptation, packetization, feedback control, and error control. The main contributions of this paper are: (1) a feedback control algorithm based on the Real Time Protocol (RTP) and the Real Time Control Protocol (RTCP); (2) an adaptive source-encoding algorithm for MPEG-4 video which is able to adjust the output rate of MPEG-4 video to the desired rate; and (3) an efficient and robust packetization algorithm for MPEG video bit-streams at the sync layer for Internet transport. Simulation results show that our end-to-end transport architecture achieves good perceptual picture quality for MPEG-4 video under low bit-rate and varying network conditions and efficiently utilizes network resources.


ABSTRACT This study explores the value of a Booster Day education initiative for clinicians working in interprofessional Primary Care Collaborative Memory Clinics (PCCMC) to share updates in dementia care, challenging cases, key lessons learned, and best practices, as a mechanism to foster learning and support the PCCMC Community of Practice (CoP). Between 2010 and 2016, 17 annual Booster Days were delivered to health professionals who completed the PCCMC training program. All participants were invited to complete an evaluation survey in which they identified the ways in which the sessions have been helpful; 89% (1361/1530) completed surveys. The Booster Days were valued as opportunities for networking to learn from other clinicians, fostering a sense of community, learning new information, learning to support practice improvements, and team building. An annual Booster Day that incorporates active participant engagement, information sharing, and networking may effectively support CoPs, learning, team building, and practice change within interprofessional teams.


Haemodynamic parameters and coronary sinus (CS) flow were studied perioperatively in 19 coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. After sternotomy, the heart rate increased. Compared to just before extracorporeal circulation was commenced, the cardiac index (CI) increased from 2.3±0.14 to 3.11±0.14 l/M2 and CS flow from 104±10 to 149±9 ml/min. The systemic vascular resistance (SVRI) decreased from 2,430±139 to 1,628±91 dyne.sec.cm-5. During transport to the intensive care unit (ICU) the central venous pressure (CVP) decreased from 11±1 to 5±0.5 mmHg, the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) from 14±0.8 to 8±0.5 mmHg, the CI from 2.79±0.08 to 2.32±0.11 l/M2, CS flow from 162±11 to 132±12 ml/min, myocardial lactate uptake from 33.7 to 13.6 µmol/min, skin temperature from 33.3°C to 30.1°C, and rectal temperature from 36.3°C to 34.9°C. These haemodynamic changes occurred despite volume loading of 22±2.3 ml/min before transport. The SVRI increased from 1,848±116 to 2,324±128 dyne.sec.cm-5 after transport. In the ICU the CI increased to 3.03±0.18 l/min due to a decrease in SVRI to 1,849±99 dyne.sec.cm-5 and an increase of heart rate to 91±3 bpm. The stroke volume index (SVI) remained decreased compared to preoperative levels. We conclude that major haemodynamic changes occurred on transferring the patient from the operating room to the ICU with decreased filling pressures (CVP, PAWP) together with a decrease in CI, CS flow and temperature. This, in combination with myocardial depression following aortic declamping and cardioplegia, can endanger myocardial perfusion and thus recovery after CABG. Care should be taken to avoid changes in filling pressures and temperature.


The CONNIE detector prototype is operating at a distance of 30 m from the core of a 3.8 GWth nuclear reactor with the goal of establishing Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD) as a new technology for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. We report on the results of the engineering run with an active mass of 4 g of silicon. The CCD array is described, and the performance observed during the first year is discussed. A compact passive shield was deployed around the detector, producing an order of magnitude reduction in the background rate. The remaining background observed during the run was stable, and dominated by internal contamination in the detector packaging materials. The in-situ calibration of the detector using X-ray lines from fluorescence demonstrates good stability of the readout system. The event rates with the reactor ON and OFF are compared, and no excess is observed coming from nuclear fission at the power plant. The upper limit for the neutrino event rate is set two orders of magnitude above the expectations for the standard model. The results demonstrate the cryogenic CCD-based detector can be remotely operated at the reactor site with stable noise below 2 e− RMS and stable background rates. The success of the engineering test provides a clear path for the upgraded 100 g detector to be deployed during 2016.


A FinFET-based nonvolatile memory (NVM) cell design with two separate gate-sidewall charge-storage sites is presented for the first time. The conventional read method and/or a newly proposed read method can be used to identify the charge- storage state of each bit in the cell. The new read method allows the state of each bit to be determined by a forward read operation, and it is compatible with a gate-overlapped source/drain structure that offers improved ON-state conductance in contrast to the conventional read method. The dual-bit FinFET cell design can be used to achieve very high NVM storage density because of its high scalability and compatibility with standard CMOS process technology.