The Emergence of Modern Hinduism argues for the importance of regional, vernacular innovation in processes of Hindu modernization. Scholars usually trace the emergence of modern Hinduism to cosmopolitan reform movements, producing accounts that overemphasize the centrality of elite religion and the influence of Western ideas and models. In this study, the author considers religious change on the margins of colonialism by looking at an important local figure, the Tamil Shaiva poet and mystic Ramalinga Swami (1823–1874). Richard S. Weiss narrates a history of Hindu modernization that demonstrates the transformative role of Hindu ideas, models, and institutions, making this text essential for scholarly audiences of South Asian history, religious studies, Hindu studies, and South Asian studies. "Offering a brilliant, detailed analysis of an extraordinary Tamil religious figure and intellectual, this book is a landmark intervention that is without a doubt one of the most important studies of Hinduism to be published in recent years." SASCHA EBELING, author of Colonizing the Realm of Words: The Transformation of Tamil Literature in Nineteenth-Century South India "In recovering the nineteenth-century poet–saint Vallalar, or Ramalinga Swamigal, for a global academic audience, Richard Weiss radically questions received wisdom regarding tradition and modernity and brings nineteenth-century South India into the mainstream of the history of Hinduism. The figure of Ramalingam emerging from Weiss's absorbing study will not fail to fascinate the reader." A. R. VENKATACHALAPATHY, author of The Province of the Book: Scholars, Scribes, and Scribblers in Colonial Tamilnadu RICHARD S. WEISS is Associate Professor of South Asian Religions at the Victoria University of Wellington. He is the author of Recipes for Immortality: Medicine, Religion, and Community in South India.


Abstract Growth mixture modeling with a sample of 749 Mexican heritage families identified parallel trajectories of adolescents' and their mothers' heritage cultural values and parallel trajectories of adolescents' and their fathers' heritage cultural values from Grades 5 to 10. Parallel trajectory profiles were then used to test cultural gap-distress theory that predicts increased parent–adolescent conflict and adolescent psychopathology over time when adolescents become less aligned with Mexican heritage values compared to their parents. Six similar parallel profiles were identified for the mother–youth and father–youth dyads, but only one of the six was consistent with the hypothesized problem gap pattern in which adolescents' values were declining over time to become more discrepant from their parents. When compared to families in the other trajectory groups as a whole, mothers in the mother–adolescent problem gap trajectory group reported higher levels of mother–adolescent conflict in the 10th grade that accounted for subsequent increases in internalizing and externalizing symptoms assessed in 12th grade. Although the findings provided some support for cultural gap-distress predictions, they were not replicated with adolescent report of conflict nor with the father–adolescent trajectory group analyses. Exploratory pairwise comparisons between all six mother–adolescent trajectory groups revealed additional differences that qualified and extended these findings.


Siderite (FeCO3) is commonly found in coal overburden and, when present, can cause interference in the determination of neutralization potential (NP). Under acidic testing conditions, FeCO3 reacts to neutralize acid, which contributes to the NP. However, continued weathering of FeCO3 (oxidation of Fe2+ and hydrolysis of Fe3+) produces a neutral to slightly acidic solution. The effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), and O2 on the laboratory measurement of NP of siderite samples taken from overburden were examined. All oxidation treatments lowered the NP values of the siderite samples as compared with the standard USEPA method. However, oxidation with H2O2 produced variable results depending on the amount of H2O2 added. Neutralization potential values obtained after oxidation treatments were highly correlated with Mn concentration. Reaction products (i.e., 2-line ferrihydrite) of siderite samples with H2O2 and KMnO4 were not representative of natural siderite weathering. Oxidation with O2 produced the lowest NP values for siderite samples. The reaction products produced by oxidation with O2 most closely represent those intermediate products formed when siderite is exposed to atmospheric weathering conditions. Oxidation with O2 also proved to be the most reproducible method for accurately assessing NP when siderite is present in overburden samples.


Being able to focus on the task at hand while retaining the ability to respond to salient
task-irrelevant stimuli is critical to successful human behaviour. It is vital that animals
and people can quickly redirect their attention when faced with novel or potentially
threatening stimuli. In this thesis I use a range of fMRI techniques including
retinotopic mapping and multivariate analysis to investigate the behavioural and
perceptual consequences of task irrelevant stimuli in audition and vision. Initially I
describe two fMRI experiments investigating the cortical areas mediating
behaviourally defined attentional capture by a task-irrelevant auditory and visual
stimulus. I then go on to demonstrate that task irrelevant auditory stimuli can have a
profound effect on both visual perception and processing in early visual cortical areas.
In particular I demonstrate for the first time that an auditory induced change in visual
perception can influence processing in the primary visual cortex. Further more, I
demonstrate that auditory timing can alter the perceived direction of visual apparent
motion and that such behavioural changes can be decoded from V3 and MT+. Finally
I demonstrated that in the situation where an auditory stimulus has no behaviour or
perceptual relevance to visual processing early visual areas do not encode information
about the auditory stimulus. Taken together these findings indicate that task irrelevant
distractors can have a significant effect on behaviour and perception.


SUMMARY Although the postoperative hemodynamic and echocardiographic features of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis have been studied, the expected consistent postoperative thinning of the interventricular septum has not been reported. In this study, the short-term effects of septal myectomy were evaluated in 16 patients. All patients were assessed with pre- and postoperative hemodynamic studies and M-mode echocardiograms, and six of the 16 patients had pre- and postoperative two-dimensional echocardiograms. The mean resting preoperative gradient of 74 mm Hg (range 10-190 mm Hg), which fell to a mean resting postoperative gradient of 8 mm Hg (range 0-25 mm Hg), was associated with decreased end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness at the midventricular level in 14 of 16 patients and at the subaortic level in 16 of 16 patients by M-mode echocardiography. The group also demonstrated changes in left ventricular outflow tract configuration and dimension, mitral valve systolic anterior motion, mitral E-Fo slope and left ventricular percent fractional shortening by both M-mode and two-dimensional studies. In the two patients who did not show midventricular septal thinning on M-mode echocardiography, the two-dimensional echocardiograms revealed that the area of myectomy extended only through the subaortic region and not down to the midventricular septum. Thus, we have observed consistent postmyectomy septal thinning at both the midventricular and subaortic levels by M-mode echo. By defining the geometry of the septal myectomy in vivo with two-dimensional echocardiography, we can better interpret M-mode studies and identify factors that influence echocardiographic visualization of the region of myectomy.


Abstract This paper reviews the current status of the psychology of women field within Canadian psychology as revealed in the feminization of psychology in Canada, psychology of women courses in academic psychology, research publications in Canadian journals, papers presented at Canadian Psychological Association (CPA) conventions, and doctoral dissertation projects. The paper concludes with an insider's view of some of the general characteristics of the Canadian variant of feminist psychology. The purpose of this paper is to review the representation of women in Canadian psychology and the current status of the psychology of women field of specialization' within the discipline. More particularly, we are interested in exploring the feminization of Canadian psychology, the legitimization of psychology of women courses in academe, and the generation and dissemination of relevant research through dissertation projects, publications in cPA journals and/or presentations in ePA conferences. The article in this issue dealing with the early beginnings of feminist psychology in Canada (Pyke, 2001) is a companion piece to this account of the contemporary scene. Certainly the establishment by cPA of the Task Force on the Status of Women in 1974 (Wand, 1977) and the structures and events stimulated by the Task Force Report (e.g., the Status of Women Committee, the Interest Group on Women and Psychology, the Institute on Women and Psychology) provided a major impetus for the initial development of the psychology of women field in Canada. Numbers Representation of women in the CPA has grown significantly from 17% at the time of founding (1939) to about 25% in 1970 to 49% in 1995 (Thomson & Stark(-Adamec), 1996) to at least 55% of the current 4,914 members (10% did not identify their gender) (cPA Membership Services, 2001). Over the past several years, the discipline has become increasingly fractionated and a number of psychologists have expressed the view that CPA does not adequately address their interests and hence are affiliating with organizations with a narrower focus on their particular field(s) of research (e.g., the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour and Cognitive Science) or practice (e.g., the Canadian Association for Child and Play Therapy). It is possible that women are more poorly represented in these splinter groups and better represented in the subdisciplines of psychology that have remained within CPA thus accounting for their current membership majority. However, the authors are unaware of any data that support this interpretation and in any case, as noted below, enrollment in psychology doctoral programs parallels the increasing representation of women in the Association. Women now outnumber men in undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. In 1997/98, women comprised 55.7% of full-time undergraduate enrolments and 62% of part-time undergraduate students (Statistics Canada, 2000). This increasing prominence of women is especially evident in our discipline. Psychology in Canada is rapidly becoming a woman's field. The number of women enrolled full time in doctoral programs in psychology in Canada in 1991/92 was 1,049 and they constituted 64.2% of the total enrollment. In 1994/95, the analogous enrollment was 1,015 or 67.6% of the total enrolment, and in 1998/99, the comparable figures were 1,329 or 70.1%. Contrast this latter figure with the 44.2% for all disciplines aggregated (CAUT Status of Women Committee, 1993, 1996, 2000). Comparable trends have been reported in the United States (American Psychological Association, 1995). It is interesting to note that just at a time when women now outnumber men in the academy, at least at the undergraduate level, there has been a concomitant reduction in the value of university degrees. We are familiar with the phenomenon that when women have attained a numerical majority in a field or discipline, the prestige of the occupation or field and the associated income declines (Eliasson, 1998; Touhey, 1974). …


Deformed rocks, Metamorphic rocks and Tectonics Convener:*Tetsuo Kawakami(Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University), Kazuhiko Ishii(Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University), Chair:Takeshi Ikeda(Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences,Graduate School of Scinece, Kyushu University), Fumiko Higashino(Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University) Mon. Apr 28, 2014 4:15 PM 6:00 PM 414 (4F) We invite all researchers who aim to understand the dynamics of the earth's crust and mantle at the plate boundaries, to discuss the latest results from various viewpoints. The scope will include contributions through petrology and structural geology as well as various techniques including rheology and transformation of heat and mass.


A fundamental challenge in today's arena of complex systems is the design and development of accurate and robust signal processing methods. These methods should be capable to adapt quickly to unexpected changes in the data and operate under minimal model assumptions. Systems in Nature also do signal processing and often do it optimally. Therefore, it makes much sense to understand what Nature does and try to mimic it and do even better. In return, the results of better signal processing methods may lead to new advancements in science and technology and in understanding Nature. In this presentation methods for signal processing that borrow concepts and principles found in Nature are addressed including ant optimization, swarm intelligence and genetic algorithms. However, the emphasis of the presentation is on Monte Carlo-based methods, and in particular, methods related to particle filtering, cost-reference particle filtering, and population Monte Carlo. In the past decade and a half, Monte Carlo-based methods have gained considerable popularity in dealing with nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian systems. The three groups of methods share the feature that they explore spaces of unknowns using particles and weights (costs) assigned to the particles. In most versions of these methods, particles move independently and in accordance with the dynamics of the assumed model of the states. Interactions among particles only occur through the process of resampling rather than through local interactions as is common in physical and biological systems. Such interactions can improve the performance of the methods and can allow for coping with more challenging problems with better efficiency and accuracy. We show how we apply these methods to problems in engineering, economics, and biology.


An ultra-low temperature multi-frequency electron spin resonance (ESR) apparatus has been developed for use at a temperature down to about 200 mK by utilizing a 3He-4He compact dilution refrigerator and a vector network analyzer. The microwave frequency can be varied between 30 GHz and 700 GHz almost continuously. Either of the two kinds of copper blocks with a sample holder for typical two configurations, namely Faraday and Voigt configurations, is attached to a stainless steel block neighboring to a mixing chamber which provides ultra-low temperarures down to 160 mK. A magnetic field up to 16 T is produced with a superconducting magnet (14 T at 4.2 K and 16 T at 2.2 K). Thus, we have a potential to perform ESR measurements in a very wide frequency-field window at ultra-low temperatures.


By referring to an elder brother of Saturn named "Titan," Spenser's Mutabilitie Cantos diverge from the Hesiodic account of the war between the Titans and the Olympians, to follow a lesser-known version originating in Euhemerus' Sacred History and preserved because of the pivotal role it plays in Lactantius' Divine Institutes. Spenser places his own sequel to the Titanomachy myth in the euhemerist tradition, which presents the Greek and Roman gods as mortal kings and queens, worshipped by their subjects, in order to satirize Hellenistic and imperial ruler-cults. Identifying Jupiter's self-deification as the moment when the inseparable twins idolatry and tyranny were born, the Divine Institutes expound a Christianized version of Cicero's law of nature to convict the Roman Empire of both impiety and inhumanity. Inspired by Lactantius, Spenser stages a trial in which the absolutist tendencies of Elizabeth and her probable successor are judged by the law of nature, embodied in the God-like Dame Nature. Holding the conflation of politics and theology up to skeptical scrutiny, Spenser uses Euhemerism to critique civil idolatry, in a way which counters the Eusebian currents in Elizabethan literature and influences Milton's Paradise Lost. [S.P.]


Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen, is associated with several disease states including pulmonary hypertension, systemic hypertension and heart failure. There are two endothelin (ET) receptor subtypes known as ETA and ETB. Selective ETA receptor antagonists, as well as non-selective (dual) ETA/ETB antagonists, represent a new therapeutic target for disease states associated with elevated ET-1 levels. In vivo studies and early phase clinical trials have provided strong evidence that these agents are effective in the treatment of heart failure, essential hypertension, pulmonary hypertension and atherosclerosis. FDA approved the use of the orally active dual antagonist bosentan (Tracleer™, Roche Holding AG) for primary pulmonary hypertension in 2001. Despite important advances in this field, the complexity of biological effects mediated by two different receptor subtypes complicates the use of selective versus dual ET receptor antagonists. The number of patent applications filed in recent years emphasises the importance of this emerging class of therapeutics. From 1997 to date, ∼ 192 patents have been filed. In this review, compounds patented between 1999 and 2002 will be reviewed and clinical implications will be discussed.


Crystal engineering of magnetic relaxation in supramolecular networks based on almost isotropic cyanido-bridged {Mn9[W(CN)8]6L8(solv)8} clusters decorated by bulky 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (But2bpy) and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Ph2phen) ligands is presented. The three new compounds {MnII9[WV(CN)8]6(But2bpy)8(MeOH)8}·Pri2O·13MeOH (1), {MnII9[WV(CN)8]6(But2bpy)8(MeOH)6(H2O)2}·4Pri2O·2H2O (1a), and {MnII9[WV(CN)8]6(Ph2phen)8(MeOH)8}·29MeOH·6H2O (2) were characterized structurally and magnetically. Compound 1 exhibits unequivocal domination of repulsive intercluster contacts operating between the side But groups leading to intercluster distances exceeding 10 Å in all three dimensions. Compound 1a reveals a 1-dimensional (1D) supramolecular chain structure with very close intercluster distances of 6.7 Å realized through the direct W-CNHO-Mn hydrogen bonds along the chain, further isolated by the above repulsive ButBut synthons. Compound 2 shows significant separation in all three directions with the intercluster distances close to 10, 12 and 13.5 Å. However, in contrast to 1, these separations are accompanied by indirect hydrogen bond arrays and local π-π interactions of potential to assist in the transfer of weak magnetic interactions. The dc magnetic data show the signature of S = 39/2 in the ground state, which is typical in this group of compounds. The high-spin clusters are accompanied by different intercluster interactions, illustrated by the effective zJ' values of +0.010 cm-1 (1), +0.008 cm-1 (1a) and +0.001 cm-1 (2). The low temperature ac susceptibility measurements revealed a temperature- and field-dependent magnetic relaxation time for all 1, 1a and 2 compounds (τ1, τ1a-fast, and τ2-fast in the range 10-3-10-4 s). In contrast and only in the case of 1a and 2, an additional temperature independent slow process was detected (τ1a-slow and τ2-slow located between 0.1 s and 1 s). The magnetic relaxations were correlated with the obtained supramolecular networks, indicating the significant role of dipolar fields, weak non-covalent interactions, hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions.


Humic substances (HS) are the most abundant organic constituents present in soil and aquatic environments. These substances result from a humification process that involves microbial and chemical transformation of organic debris. On the basis of varying solubility in acid and alkali media, the HS are divided into three fractions: (i) humic acid (HA)-alkali soluble but acid insoluble, (ii) fulvic acid (FA)-soluble in both alkali and acid, and (iii) humin-insoluble in both alkali and acid. Information on the nature of HS synthesized in a fixed cropping sequence is lacking. This study was conducted during the 28th year of a long-term fertilizer experiment established in 1971 with a rice-wheat-cowpea sequence on virgin land classified as Mollisol at Pantnagar (29o N, 79o 3' E) in northern India. The initial soil characteristics were pH 7.3, EC of-0.35 dS m-1, and -1.48% organic C (Nand Ram 1995).


We develop a new class of parsimonious models to perform time-varying clustering and dimensionality reduction in a time-series setting, also accounting for atypical observations. The problem of similarity search in time-series data is addressedby specifying a hidden Markov model. Accordingly, clustering is not only based on similarities in the variable space, but also on similarities occurring in a temporal neighborhood, relaxing the assumption that data points are mutually independent. For the maximum likelihood estimation of the model parameters, we outline an ad-hoc Alternating Expected Conditional Maximization (AECM)algorithm.


This study aimed to develop devices that enable banana exporting companies and banana growers to classify their bananas accurately. The device comprising of a Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), a segregator, motor driven conveyor, camera, and an image processing module, will serve as an automated banana classifier. For the device to be deemed effective, efficiency of its individual feature's performance and as a whole was evaluated. The design project employed quantitative research method in assessing the device's performance. The device was tested for 9 days and was evaluated by 21 respondents, who included 10 banana growers/ harvester/ selector, five teachers from the Faculty of Engineering, 1 engineer, and five engineering students. Every observation in testing the device and statistical evaluation were recorded. The recorded data were then analyzed to come up with a result as to how well did the device function. After conducting a thorough research, from device testing to evaluation, the researchers concluded that the device was effective in performing its task. Nevertheless, certain factors still need to be considered in improving the device for it to reach its maximum potential. With this, the researchers recommend to both banana exporting companies and growers to conduct further studies for the improvement of this Automated Banana Classifier.


In order to determine some of the factors involved in the response of duodenal ulcers to placebo treatment, the following factors were studied prospectively during a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: demographic data; duration of illness and effect of treatment; expectation of success or failure of the new drug; presence of psychiatric problems; and suggestibility. Healing (measured by endoscopy) occurred in 37 patients, 17 of whom were receiving placebo; relief of symptoms occurred in 35 patients, 16 of whom were receiving placebo. There was no significant difference between drug and placebo. Healing was significantly associated with relief of symptoms but with no other variable. Relief of symptoms was more common in male patients and in those from higher social classes, as well as in patients who expected a complete cure and those without evidence of psychiatric problems. the natural history of the disease may be different in these patients. Unexpectedly, suggestibility was not associated with healing or relief of symptoms in the patients receiving placebo.


The main contribution of this paper is a comparison of different machine learning algorithms for vehicle classification according to the "Nordic system for intelligent classification of vehicles" standard using measurements of road surface vibrations and magnetic field disturbances caused by vehicles. The algorithms considered are logistic regression, neural networks, and support vector machines. They are evaluated on a large dataset, consisting of 3074 samples and hence, a good estimate of the actual classification rate is obtained. The results show that for the considered classification problem logistic regression is the best choice with an overall classification rate of 93.4%.


This paper demonstrates a large-area, lightweight, conformal plasma device that interacts with propagating X-band microwave energy. The active elements are rugged plasma-shells - hollow ceramic shells encapsulating a controlled-pressure gas that can be ionized to controlled plasma parameters. Plasma-shells are electrically excited by frequency selective surfaces that are transparent to the frequency band of interest. The result is equivalent to large-area free-space plasma confined in a discrete plasma slab. A novel structure is designed with the aid of full-wave simulation and fabricated as a 76.2-mm square array, and transmission performance is tested across different drive voltages and angles of incidence. Switchable attenuation of 7 dB is measured across the passband when driven with 1400 Vpp at 1 MHz. Plasma parameters are estimated from theory and full-wave simulation, with electron density estimated to be 3.6×1012 cm-3. The proposed structure has potential for use on mobile platforms.


The purpose of this paper is to explicate the notion of stakeholder engagement and, in doing so, to dispel the common assumption that stakeholder engagement is necessarily a morally responsible practice. Stakeholder engagement is traditionally seen as corporate responsibility in action. Indeed, in some literature there exists an assumption that the more an organisation engages with its stakeholders, the more it is responsible. This simple 'more is better' view of stakeholder engagement belies the true complexity of the relationship between engagement and corporate responsibility. Stakeholder engagement may be understood in a variety of different ways and from a variety of different theoretical perspectives. Engagement based relationships may or may not involve a moral dimension. Hence, from even from an ethical point of view, engagement is not necessarily a moral practice. It is therefore argued that stakeholder engagement must be seen as separate from, but related to, corporate responsibility. A model that reflects the multifaceted relationship between the two constructs is proposed. This paper is a work in progress. Material in the paper cannot be used without permission of the author. DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT WORKING PAPER SERIES I S S N 1 3 2 7 – 5 2 1 6


Supererogation seems to be an important concept of common sense morality. However, assuming the existence of such a category seems to pose a serious problem for Kantian Ethics, given the allencompassing role of duty. In fact, Kant seems to deny the possibility of such acts when he states in the second critique that "[b]y exhortation to actions as noble, sublime, and magnanimous, minds are attuned to nothing but moral enthusiasm and exaggerated self-conceit; [...] they are led into the delusion that it is not duty [...] which constitutes the determining ground of their actions [...]." (KpV, AA V, 84f.). This paper's aim is to show that even though it is not possible to include a category of supererogation within Kantian Ethics, the recognition of alleged supererogatory acts is not only a source of self-deception, as Kant seems to fear, but can also serve as a source of selfknowledge. Starting from the premise that within Kantian Ethics self-knowledge is indispensable to aspire to the duties of moral self-perfection, I will argue that supererogation is only a plausible concept regarding the observer-perspective: thus it describes an act that, given the observer's own moral development, seems to be beyond duty but for the agent herself is not. Given an observer has the insight that her judgment relies on her own deficiencies to act accordingly, this fulfills an epistemic function in the process of developing one's own moral capacities. This seems to be a fairly proper phenomenological account of supererogation as it can, on the one hand, explain the common moral intuition that certain acts are supererogatory. While on the other hand, it can capture the empirical observation that agents of alleged supererogatory acts usually do not perceive their actions as supererogatory because the differing perspectives of the agent and the observer constitute an integral part of the given account.


Genetic parameter estimation for simple carcass traits has been confined to the improved goat breeds worldwide unlike in the unimproved breeds in developing countries where goats are numerous. Variance components for additive direct, additive maternal, permanent environmental maternal effects, the covariance between additive direct and maternal effects were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood, fitting five animal models from 2341 ( 1359 males; 982 females) carcass length pedigree records collected over a period of 13 years (1984- 1997) of indigenous Matebele goat of Zimbabwe. All investigated models included a random direct genetic effect, but different combinations of random maternal genetic and permanent environmental maternal effects as well as direct-maternal genetic covariance. The analytical models included fixed effects of sex, age at slaughter and year of slaughter. The direct heritability (h 2 a ) ranged from 0.49 to 0.12 when the maternal genetic effects were included in the model, whereas h 2 a estimate was 0.32 when maternal effects were excluded. The maternal heritability (h 2 m ) was 0.00 when only maternal genetic effect was included in the model and were 0.12 and 0.02 when the permanent environmental effect of the dam was added. The permanent environmental effect of the dam was negligible. A weak negative covariances between direct and maternal genetic effects (σ 2 am ) was observed when maternal genetic effects and permanent environmental maternal effects were accounted for in the model. A animal model with both direct additive maternal genetic effects and permanent environment effects as the random effects other than the residuals was the best model for genetic evaluation of carcass length in indigenous Matebele goat.


This paper investigates the use of switching frequency modulation in the reduction of the differential-mode conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the offline boost power-factor correction converter. In particular, the EMI benefits obtained with modulation frequencies at and in excess of twice the line frequency are considered, incorporating the influence of average and quasi-peak (QP) detectors into the analysis and measurements. It is concluded that there is no significant change in the QP measurement unless the modulation frequency exceeds half the resolution bandwidth; however, up to 8-dB reduction in the average measurement, with no change in the QP measurement, can be obtained with modulation at twice the line frequency, for a switching frequency deviation of 20%. A digital modulation algorithm was devised and implemented using a digital-signal-processor-controlled converter. The reduction in the average detector measurement obtained for the digital modulation was comparable to that predicted for the linear modulation, but it delivers a more well-defined and predictable conducted EMI spectrum.


Mature ovarian teratomas (MOTs) comprise the largest group of ovarian tumours and account for nearly 95% at this anatomic location.1–3 Although MOTs may occur at any age, the majority occur during the reproductive years.4 While their origin has been controversial, these tumours are largely accepted as derivative tumours of germ cells that have undergone meiosis I, and are, therefore, genotypically homozygous. Substantial evidence exists to support this hypothesis. Yet, several early studies identified a subset of tumours that showed a heterozygous genotype. Here, we report a case with definitive evidence of both mature homozygous and mature heterozygous heterotopic tissues within a mature teratoma.

A previously healthy patient presented for laparoscopic removal of a large left-sided ovarian cyst. The lesion was incidentally noted on a prior ultrasound during a recent pregnancy, which had been complicated by a second trimester spontaneous abortion at 13 weeks' gestation. The patient had no pertinent medical history. Surgical history included bilateral eyelid laceration repair. The patient was a former smoker (a quarter pack per day). Family history was non-contributory. A review of systems was negative for vaginal bleeding, fever, chills, dizziness, headache, chest pain and shortness of breath. Physical examination was unremarkable. White blood cell count was slightly elevated at 12.6×109/L. Haemoglobin and platelets measured 9.5×109/L and 154×109/L, respectively. By ultrasound, the predominantly echogenic left adnexal mass measured approximately 17 cm and showed foci of calcification. The lesion filled the pelvis and extended into the abdominal cavity to the level of the …


Molecules are often born with high energy and large-amplitude vibrations. In solution, a newly formed molecule cools down by transferring energy to the surrounding solvent molecules. The progression of the molecular and solute-solvent cage structure during this fundamental process has been elusive, and spectroscopic data generally do not provide such structural information. Here, we use picosecond X-ray liquidography (solution scattering) to visualize time-dependent structural changes associated with the vibrational relaxation of I(2) molecules in two different solvents, CCl(4) and cyclohexane. The birth and vibrational relaxation of I(2) molecules and the associated rearrangement of solvent molecules are mapped out in the form of a temporally varying interatomic distance distribution. The I-I distance increases up to ~4 Å and returns to the equilibrium distance (2.67 Å) in the ground state, and the first solvation cage expands by ~1.5 Å along the I-I axis and then shrinks back accompanying the structural change of the I(2) molecule.


Permafrost covers about 24% of the exposed land in the northern hemisphere and is
abundant in various regions in Europe, mainly as mountain permafrost. This type is
very sensitive to climate warming, because its temperature is only marginally below the
freezing point. In recent years permafrost degradation frequently caused large rockfall
events, which represent a fatal danger for the population in the alpine regions. Therefore,
modelling and monitoring of permafrost is becoming a focus of several research groups.
This thesis investigates the suitability of capacitive resistivity imaging (CRI) for obtaining
supporting information for the different areas of permafrost research, in terms of subsurface
characterisation and estimation of temperatures; there is a strong relationship between
resistivity and temperature, especially for values below the freezing point. For this purpose
numerical simulations of a quasi-static quadrupole over a homogeneous halfspace and a
finite rock sample are carried out and intensive laboratory studies on a Tuffeau chalk
sample are made. The numerical simulations indicate that dipole combinations employing
small dipole separations are prone to error, because the electrodes cannot be considered
as point poles and geometric effects become important for small separations. Moreover,
the results indicate a higher sensitivity of the imaginary part of the complex transfer
impedance to the geometric configuration of the quadrupole than the real part shows.
Therefore, the experimental use of the imaginary part is limited to be only qualitative.
It is shown, that these results are in accord with previous theoretical estimations. By
comparison, the real parts of the complex transfer impedance obtained from numerical
simulations and experimental work are found to be consistent, supporting the validity of
both estimates. This highlights the benefits of numerical simulations in the evaluation of
the properties of the experimental setup.
To study the effects of changing sample conditions on the performance of the CRI system,
the laboratory sample was exposed to two freezing cycles. The results indicate the suitability
of CRI for laboratory studies on permafrost samples, but also reveal problems in the
experimental setup. A comparison of apparent resistivities derived from CRI and electrical
resistivity tomography (ERT) showed a good accordance, but a resistivity-dependent offset
was observed. Nevertheless, large reciprocal errors of CRI and ERT data sets throughout
the experiments were found. Possible explanations were given for these errors. The
obtained resistivity-temperature relationship showed a common observation: at positive
temperatures, resistivity changed linearly with changing temperatures, whereas below the
freezing point, strongly increasing resistivities were found. The reciprocal datasets were
inverted and resistivity models of the sample obtained. These models showed a high resolution
of the resistivity structure of the Tuffeau chalk. By using a derived calibration
curve, the resistivity models were transformed into temperature models, which showed a
high accuracy below the freezing point; other factors dominate the resistivity above the
freezing point. The presented results proved the suitability of CRI for permafrost monitoring,
since they showed the possibility to obtain high resolution images of the resistivity
distribution of the chalk sample in a steady and transient manner.


Electromigration of mobile charged defects in external electric field is investigated at various temperatures and biases in conductive undoped and semiinsulating In-doped CdTe, respectively. A set of electric contacts as potential probes arranged linearly along the sample was used for the detection of the drift of the local resistance modulation. The observed modulation drifting along the sample always from the positive toward negative contact after step-like bias polarity reversion points to the migration of positively charged point defects. Mobility and diffusion coefficient of mobile defects at 100degC and 600degC, respectively are determined. Electromigration of point defects is also tested by low temperature photoluminescence and a model explaining migration of charged defects is suggested.


Previous research in the stress and coping literature has not fully addressed the role of biologically-based personality systems in the prediction of coping behaviors. As a biologically-derived theory of personality, Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST; Gray, 1970, 1991; Gray & McNaughton, 2000; McNaughton & Corr, 2004) proposes that the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral approach system (BAS) underlie personality dimensions and influence individual differences in reinforcement sensitivity and emotion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of personality variables as assessed by Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory in influencing cognitive appraisals and subsequent coping responses by taking an individual differences approach to psychological stress and coping. Given individual variation in BIS and BAS, it was hypothesized that individuals would experience different perceptions of stress and changeability in response to stressful life events, and thus, select different coping strategies. Specifically, it was predicted that increased BIS sensitivity would lead to a higher perception of stress and lower perception of changeability among individuals. In contrast, it was predicted that increased BAS sensitivity would lead to lower perception of stress and higher perception of changeability among individuals. It was predicted that cognitive appraisals would partially mediate the relationship between reinforcement sensitivity and coping strategies, including emotion-, avoidance-, and problem-focused forms of coping. Undergraduate psychology students (n = 429) completed items of the BIS/BAS Scales, COPE Inventory, and were presented with stress vignettes adopted from the Interpretation Bias Questionnaire to assess reinforcement sensitivity, coping strategies, and cognitive appraisals, respectively. Consistent with hypotheses, significant associations were found between BIS and perception of stress, BIS and avoidance-focused coping, as well as perception of stress with emotion-focused and problem-focused coping. While not in the predicted direction, significant associations were found between BIS and perception of changeability and perception of changeability with emotion-focused and problem-focused coping. Bootstrapping analyses indicated that perception of changeability mediated the relationship between BIS and problem-focused coping. Unexpectedly, suppression effects were indicated in three of the mediational models. When perception of stress was included in the model, the associations between BIS and emotion-focused coping, as well as BIS and avoidance-focused coping actually became stronger. Also, the association between BIS and emotion-focused coping became stronger when perception of changeability was included in the model. In contrast, cognitive appraisals of stress and changeability did not mediate the relationships between BAS and the three coping strategies. These results do not provide support for the prediction that personality variables are associated with coping partially through cognitive appraisals.


BACKGROUND
The levels of breast and cervical cancer screening in Nebraska primary care remain suboptimal despite awareness of their importance, and despite implementation of the Every Woman Matters program to assist low-income women. The GAPS model was used to develop a practice-based intervention to identify and reduce barriers to delivery of breast and cervical cancer screening services.

METHODS
Seven primary care practices actively participated in this multimethod case study. A research nurse collected data and facilitated the intervention process at each site. Qualitative data from field notes, patient encounters, and in-depth interviews of physicians and key informants were collected to describe the process of Papanicolaou and mammogram service delivery, and to identify barriers/facilitators to screening, and potential change areas. Chart reviews provided information regarding the preintervention and postintervention identification/execution of Papanicolaou smears and mammograms. Qualitative and quantitative analyses led to individual practice case studies. Cross case comparisons identified common themes.

RESULTS
The individual practice plans for change had many commonalities, ie, developing screening databases and reminder systems. The biggest differences involved practice contexts. Despite use of the GAPS model and a financial incentive to obtain "buy in" from providers and staff, change was difficult for all but 2 of the practices.

CONCLUSION
The complexity of practice context and its effect on change cannot be underestimated. Individual practice providers and staff are often unaware of the potential challenges, and unable/unwilling to overcome them.


Abstract Doping-untested strength-sport athletes (powerlifters, strongmen, armlifters, etc.,) are infamous for their doping use, but their exact doping regimens are not known. The purpose of this study was to provide a reasonable portrait of doping history in this specific athlete group for medical practitioners. Seventy-five athletes were selected by netnography of the social media community around the Finnish doping-untested strength-sport federations on the basis of their activity in doping-related discussions, and the athletes were invited to answer a detailed doping-related anonymous survey. Fifty respondents completed the survey. 100% of the respondents reported use of anabolic androgenic steroids, 66% reported use of stimulants, and 80% use of non-steroidal anabolic substances. The doses of both testosterone products and human growth hormone were notably larger than reported in previous studies of gym users (mostly non-competitive athletes). The subjects reported simultaneous use of an average 5.66 illegal substances, and lifetime use of 16.78 illegal substances. The doses of illicit drugs, as well as polypharmacy, among competitive doping-untested strength-sport athletes are higher than previously reported among recreational gym users, and side effects are likely in this specific population.


Perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions can have critical consequences for cellular homeostasis. An elaborate surveillance system known as ER quality control (ERQC) ensures that only correctly assembled proteins reach their destination. Persistence of misfolded or improperly matured proteins upregulates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to cope with stress, activates ER associated degradation (ERAD) for delivery to proteasomes for degradation. We have identified a Brucella abortus type IV secretion system effector called BspL that targets Herp, a key component of ERQC and is able to augment ERAD. Modulation of ERQC by BspL results in tight control of the kinetics of autophagic Brucella-containing vacuole formation, preventing premature bacterial egress from infected cells. This study highlights how bacterial pathogens may hijack ERAD components for fine regulation of their intracellular trafficking.


Selective laser melting process is a powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process that finds applications in aerospace and medical industries for its ability to produce complex geometry parts. As the raw material used is in powder form, particle size distribution (PSD) is a significant characteristic that influences the build quality in turn affecting the functionality and aesthetics aspects of the end product. This paper investigates the effect of PSD on deformation for 316L stainless steel powder, where three coupled in-house simulation tools based on Discrete Element Method (DEM), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and Structural Mechanics are employed. DEM is used for simulating the powder distribution based on the different particle size distribution of the powder. The CFD is used as a virtual test bed to determine thermal parameters such as density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the powder bed viewed as a continuum. The values found as a stochastic function of the powder distribution is used to test the sensitivity of the melted zone and distortion using Structural Mechanics. Results showed significant influence of particle size distribution on the packing density, surface height, surface roughness, the stress state and displacement of the melted zone. The results will serve as a catalyst in developing geometry assurance strategies to minimize the effect of particle size distribution on the geometric quality of the printed part.


We study the effect of algorithmic trading (AT) intensity on equity market liquidity, short-term volatility, and informational efficiency between 2001 and 2011 in 42 equity markets around the world. On average, AT improves liquidity and informational efficiency but increases volatility. We can attribute the AT-related increase in volatility neither to more "good" volatility that would arise from faster price discovery nor to algorithmic traders' inclination to enter the market when volatility is high. On the contrary, these volatility-seeking traders are associated with declines in market quality. Our results are surprisingly consistent across markets and thus across a wide range of AT practices. But results vary in the cross-section of stocks. In contrast to the average effect, greater AT intensity reduces liquidity and worsens the volatility increase in the smallest tercile of stocks. Finally, AT becomes less beneficial when market making is difficult.


I have studied entropy profiles obtained in a sample of 24 X-ray objects at high
redshift retrieved from the Chandra archive. I have discussed the scaling
properties of the entropy S, the correlation between metallicity Z and S, the
profiles of the temperature of the gas, Tgas, and performed a comparison between the
dark matter 'temperature' and Tgas in order to constrain the non-gravitational
processes which affect the thermal history of the gas. Furthermore I have studied
the scaling relations between the X-ray quantities and Sunyaev Zel'dovich
measurements. I have observed that X-ray laws are steeper than the relations
predicted from the adiabatic model. These deviations from expectations based on
self-similarity are usually interpreted in terms of feedback processes leading to
non-gravitational gas heating, and suggesting a scenario in which the ICM at higher
redshift has lower both X-ray luminosity and pressure in the central regions than
the expectations from self-similar model. I have also investigated a Bayesian X-ray
and Sunyaev Zel'dovich analysis, which allows to study the external regions of the
clusters well beyond the volumes resolved with X-ray observations (1/3-1/2 of the
virial radius), to measure the deprojected physical cluster properties, like
temperature, density, entropy, gas mass and total mass up to the virial radius.


BACKGROUND: Endotracheal tube (ETT) depth in premature infants is of critical importance because potentially life-threatening adverse events can occur if the tube is malpositioned. Analysis of current data indicates that the accuracy of current resuscitation guidelines for infants <1 kg is poor. We hypothesized that a weight-based formula that is used clinically in our institution would accurately predict appropriate ETT placement in infants weighing < 1 kg. METHODS: The medical records, from July 2013 to November 2016, of all infants < 1 kg who were intubated were retrospectively reviewed and included. The 2 formulas utilized were the Duke formulas 5.5 cm + 1 cm/kg for infants 500–999 g or 5.0 + 1 cm/kg for infants <500 g. The appropriate ETT position was defined as the tip of the ETT below the thoracic inlet and above the carina, at approximately thoracic vertebrae 2 or 3 on an initial chest radiograph. The formula was defined as being accurate if the documented ETT depth was within 0.2 cm of the predicted depth. Post hoc analysis of current resuscitation guidelines (6 cm plus the weight of the infant in kg) was performed after the Duke formula performed worse than expected. RESULTS: A total of 131 subjects (mean ± gestational age, 26 ± 1.8 wk; mean ± weight, 729 ± 140 g) were included. The documented depth was accurately predicted by the Duke formula for 47% of the subjects, with 69% of the ETTs appropriately positioned as seen on a chest radiograph. Sensitivity was 46.6%, specificity was 53.6%, positive predictive value was 68.8% and negative predictive value was 31.4% for the Duke formula. Post hoc analysis current resuscitation guidelines found that the documented depth was accurately predicted for 23% infants, with 70% of these appropriately positioned ETTs. CONCLUSIONS: Our weight-based, institutional formula had a low sensitivity for predicting proper ETT depth. Weight-based formulas may have clinical utility; however, analysis of current data did not support use in infants < 1 kg. Rapid radiologic assessment of ETT placement is required for this patient population.


This paper presents a multimethod investigation of framing in the government–media–public interaction during the so-called partial-birth abortion (PBA) debate in the U.S. Operationalizing framing as the use of the word "baby" or "fetus," content analysis first shows that opposing political elites employed almost exclusive vocabularies in attempts to justify their views and shape attitudes. Time-series analysis then charts the path of "baby's" discursive dominance from congressional discourse through news and editorials to citizens. Finally, experimental results support 2 microlevel hypotheses. First, uptake—exposure to articles featuring the exclusive use of "baby" or "fetus," respectively, increased or decreased support for banning PBA. Second, emergence—participants exposed to discourse using both terms converged upon a response independent of the words' relative proportions. In contrast to probabilistic survey response models, these findings support the idea that a kind of public reason can emerge from the interaction of citizens' judgment processes and elite communication.


[1] Using a numerical model, the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), we simulate July precipitation over parts of the Mississippi River Basin and surroundings for each of three years, 1995–1997, with six different initial soil moisture patterns: three (control, dry, and wet) with a realistic (observationally based) spatial distribution, and three (control, dry, and wet) with a horizontally homogeneous distribution. Our goal is to determine the impact on future simulated precipitation of changing the initial soil moisture spatial distribution. The spatially homogeneous initial soil moisture pattern represents, in effect, a ''wet west/dry east'' anomaly imposed on the realistic soil moisture pattern (that reflects the west-to-east climatological gradient). The impact of this anomaly, i.e., increasing soil moisture in the western half and decreasing it in the eastern half of the simulation domain, is most pronounced for the dry experiments and weakens nonlinearly with increasing domain-average initial soil moisture. In the dry regime, the impact is to enhance the total monthly precipitation in both the west and east. We examine the various terms in the atmospheric moisture budget to interpret these results. The changes in precipitation in the runs with a homogeneous compared to realistic initial soil moisture spatial pattern are consistent with enhanced evaporation in the western half of the model domain accompanied by enhanced west-to-east horizontal moisture transport that helps restore the initially depleted soil moisture in the east. In this manner, the zonal moisture flux acts toward re-establishing the initial climatological soil moisture pattern of the region, thus acting as a negative feedback mechanism. In addition, the soil moisture anomaly generally produces diminished meridional moisture transport into the simulation domain from the south through a decrease in the low-level meridional wind speed. This decrease in meridional flux acts in the same direction as the zonal flux change in the west, and in the opposite direction to the zonal flux change in the east. Since this change is most pronounced in the west, it therefore also contributes to the overall negative feedback of the atmospheric dynamics on the initial soil moisture. The persistence timescale of the impact of this particular soil moisture anomaly pattern on precipitation is on the order of 3 months in the dry regime. Sensitivity of the results to a change in convection scheme is also explored. INDEX TERMS: 1854 Hydrology: Precipitation (3354); 1866 Hydrology: Soil moisture; 3322 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions; 3354 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Precipitation (1854); KEYWORDS: land/atmosphere, precipitation, soil moisture


The battlefield in future conflicts will be increasingly complex, consisting of friend, foe, and neutral forces. Recognition and identification of airborne and ground objects at significant ranges is therefore a critical requirement for targeting systems. Laser radar sensors offer several advantages including covert interrogation because of the high directionality of the laser beam and robust recognition because of the variety of information that can be measured. In addition to the requirement to perform the targeting function at extended ranges, modern forces are also under budget constraints. These constraints make it necessary to combine functions for avionics whenever possible. The only other laser function currently performed on military aircraft is target designation. Therefore, for the laser radar function, we desire to use the same solid-state laser source used in the laser designator. From a cost point of view it is also desirable to acquire the information about the target on one or as few pulses as possible. Such an approach minimizes the sensor stabilization requirements that often drive the cost of the system.


Competition is not only a prerequisite for the successful working of economics but also of political coordination systems. We argue that popular referenda and federalism are the key factors in maintaining competition in the political arena. Competitive economic or political markets require free entry and exit and the absence of regulations that prevent suppliers from being successful with the best product-be it goods or services in the form of policies-and prevent citizens from choosing freely.


Aim: to determine the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy with IV streptokinase in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction patients. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India for 12 months. Total 90 Patients with diagnosis of acute ST segment elevation before and after thrombolysis with Streptokinase Were included in this study. Based on values obtained, study population divided into three categories. Category A: <30% resolution of the sum of ST segment elevation. Category B: 30%-70% resolution of the sum of ST segment elevation. Category C: >70% resolution of the sum of ST segment elevation. Results: In the present study, the minimum age of the patient is 30 years, maximum age is 76 years. Maximum numbers of patients in between 40-60 years constitute 55%. Mean age of present study is 51.81±9.5. Male patients were significantly increased (77.78%) when compared with Female patients (22.22%). The chest pain was the most common mode of presentation, present in 84 (93.33%) patients associated with sweating in 79(87.78%) patients, breathlessness seen in 22 (24.44%) patients. Syncope was seen in 10 (11.11%) patients and palpitation in 5 (5.55%) patients. In this study anterior wall Myocardial infarction was not significant compared with inferior wall myocardial infarction. Complete ST resolution seen among 40% cases, partial resolution seen among 45.55% and no resolution among 14.44% cases. Thrombolysis time of <3 hours, 3-5 hours and more than 5 hours was noted in a, b and c categories patients. B and c categories patients were significantly increased when compared with a categories patients. Conclusion: In the present study we conclude that the efficacy of IV streptokinase for thrombolysis in acute STEMI is 40%. Patients with no resolution of ST segment 90 minutes following thrombolysis associated with more frequent adverse events and increased mortality compare to partial and complete resolution group.


Thermoset molding in wet and dry state was successfully employed to fabricate high strength reaction bonded silicon carbide (RBSC) ceramics. Granule transfer molding (GCM) was developed to prevent segregation of component particles and binder phase in wet state, while granule compression molding was applied in dry state to fabricate green compact with significant variation of compaction ratio. Low-fill density granules with mixing homogeneity were critical for promoting lateral deformation of granules during consolidation. In addition, anodic performance of Ni-YSZ anode was significantly enhanced by replacing solid fugitive phase with viscoelastic fugitive phase used as binder in thermoset molding.


An investigation was carried out into whether toxic elements at Devon Great Consols mine and mineral processing site are transferred into airborne dust particles. Deposited dust samples were collected across an area of approximately 15 hectares in the summer of 2011. Soil samples were also collected from within and near the former working areas. Dust sampling took place at locations up to 550 m from the former working areas. Samples were prepared for ICP-MS analysis by strong acid digestion. Crustal enrichment factors (EFs) were determined to compare concentrations in the samples with typical crustal values. EFs for arsenic and copper were very high and showed little significant difference between the soils and the dusts in the source area. EFs appear to reduce beyond the former mine workings. The soil appears to be a principal source for arsenic and copper in the dust particles. On the basis of comparison with findings elsewhere, it is possible that the UK target value for airborne arsenic could have been exceeded significantly. Given that the site is a current public open space, and that the bioavailability of these elements at this site has been recognised by others, there may be grounds for health risk concerns.


While only two gamma-crystallins have been identified in the human eye lens, molecular studies indicate that the human gamma-crystallins are encoded in a multigene family comprising at least seven closely related members. Sequence analysis of five of these genes has suggested that three (gamma 1-2, G3, and G4) are potentially active, while two (G1 psi and G2 psi) correspond to closely related pseudogenes. Here we report on the detailed structure of a sixth gamma-crystallin gene, G5, and our results obtained with transient expression assays to characterize both the promoter activity and translation products of five members of the gene family. We show that 5'-flanking sequences of G1 psi and G2 psi lacked detectable promoter activity, while the corresponding sequences of G3, G4, and G5 were able to direct high levels of expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene in primary lens epithelia, but not in cultures of nonlens origin. Detailed sequence comparisons indicated that active genes contained several conserved sequence tracts 5' of the TATA box which may constitute functional elements of a lens-specific gamma-crystallin promoter. Expression of the gamma-crystallin coding sequences from the human metallothionein IIA promoter in nonlens cells facilitated characterization of the polypeptides encoded by individual gamma-genes and, in future studies, should permit comparison of these proteins with distinct gamma-crystallins in the human lens.


Farm and ranch work in cold weather can be life threatening. Cold related illnesses and injuries, such as hypothermia and frostbite, are serious on their own, but they can also increase the risk of other types of accidents. Even mild hypothermia (low body temperature) causes loss of coordination, and impairs the victim's judgment. Frostbite causes a loss in dexterity in the hands and feet, as well as serious discomfort. Both can affect the victim's ability to work safely. It is important to remember that hypothermia can occur in mild as well as severe weather.


The authors describe a mathematical tool to help in the exploitation of a hydroelectric complex operated in partnership. The aim is the simulation of the exploitation of a hydroelectric system week by week, so as to optimise system operation, the model developed uses new optimisation technique based on the network flow method. The computer program gives the operation plan of the hydro stations hour by hour as well as the volume changes of the various reservoirs


Trisomy C is documented in a 17-hour-old full-term male infant with bilateral diffuse renal dysplasia, Potter facies, pulmonary hypoplasia and other congenital anomalies. In addition to renal dysplasia, intrahepatic bile duct and pancreatic dysplasia are demonstrated microscopically. The extra C-group autosome is morphologically consistent with a No. 11 and this is regarded as the etiology of the multiple malformations of this infant. The phenotype and the renal malformation are essentially similar to those described by Juberg et al (3) in an infant with trisomy C. It is suggested that the same chromosome is involved in both cases. Karyotype analysis should be performed on patients suspected of congenital renal malformations since the evidence implicates trisomy C as the etiology of at least some cases of bilateral renal dysplasia.


The purpose of this study is to optimize the explosive strength of the lower limbs of the students in the University "Politehnica" of Bucharest mini-soccer representative team.
The study was conducted over six months of training on a sample of 20 students (aged 18-21) of the first and second years of study who were randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group and control one.To determine the level of the explosive force in the two groups of subjects, both in the initial and final phases of the study we used the Myotest device (Sion, Switzerland) by applying the Countermovement Jump and Squat Jump tests. By using the Myotest wireless accelerometer, we could determine the folllowing variables: the jump height, power, strength, speed, and strength in speed regime. After the initial recording of the data, we elaborated programs of training of the experimental group, designed according to the game station, namely the goalkeeper and field players. The validation of the training programs, elaborated and introduced in the experimental group training, was based on the objective evaluation of the level of the explosive strength development of the lower limbs by means of the Myotest Pro device.
The results obtained by the subjects in the experimental group compared to the control group showed at the end of the study statistically significant differences in all the tested parameters, the level of development of the explosive force registering superior progress in the experimental group. The conclusions drawn from the study completes the database with useful information for coaches, physical education and sports teachers and soccer players who want to improve their lower limbs explosive strength.


We provide a publicly available library FarmTest in the R programming system. This library implements a factor-adjusted robust multiple testing principle proposed by Fan et al. (2019) for large-scale simultaneous inference on mean effects. We use a multi-factor model to explicitly capture the dependence among a large pool of variables. Three types of factors are considered: observable, latent, and a mixture of observable and latent factors. The non-factor case, which corresponds to standard multiple mean testing under weak dependence, is also included. The library implements a series of adaptive Huber methods integrated with fast data-driven tuning schemes to estimate model parameters and to construct test statistics that are robust against heavy-tailed and asymmetric error distributions. Extensions to two-sample multiple mean testing problems are also discussed. The results of some simulation experiments and a real data analysis are reported.


Summary The Basement Complex of Africa is a heterogeneous mixture of crystalline rocks, predominantly of a granitic or gneissose character. Groundwater occurs within these crystalline rocks in fissures or in the superficial weathered zones. The rocks are relatively impermeable and groundwater can occur in the superficial deposits overlying the bedrock. There are no regional aquifers in Basement Complex country and each site has to be treated as unique. The occurrence of groundwater in fissure systems or weathered zones means that the resources at any one site are finite and relatively small. Well yields similarly are limited, rarely exceeding 500 m3/day. In this situation the groundwater reservoir is structurally controlled and, therefore, susceptible to investigation by a variety of techniques including photogeology and geophysics. Furthermore, although each borehole is unique, the data from all the boreholes in a specific area can be analysed statistically to produce well design criteria. The limited resources within the crystalline basement can lead to multiple-source solutions to supply problems where every alternative has to be examined. Shafts or cisterns, for example, may be used. The superficial deposits commonly hold significant resources of water and, in certain circumstances, can give much higher yields than the Basement Complex rocks. This superficial water can be tapped through bores, shafts or trenches, and the resource can be enhanced by water harvesting techniques. The development of a resource is instigated for a specific purpose—a village water supply or an industrial supply. It is important that the planners and engineers involved in putting forward proposals recognise the limitations of groundwater abstraction in Basement areas. The water supply must be proven and developed before the costly infra structure—the factory or distribution network—is built.


In this article, we define the phenomenon of seasonal shopping events (SSEs) and review the research on consumer behavior during such events. SSEs refer to specialized shopping events that frequently occur during and around national or religious holidays. They often reflect a celebration of cultural values and aim to appeal to a wide variety of experiential, hedonic, and other consumer motives. Retailers attract consumers by offering discounts, sales, and promotions related to gift-giving. SSEs often evolve into social and traditional occasions for friends and families. We describe four global examples of SSEs: Black Friday (U.S.), Fukubukuro ("lucky bag," Japan), Singles' Day (China), and Boxing Day (Canada, U.K., Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa). We examine these SSEs fromboth the consumer and retailer perspectives, review their histories, and indicate how they have grown beyond their cultures of origin. We then identify common patterns and elements associated with SSEs. We next provide a general framework for how successful SSEs have emerged and discuss the cultural and cross-cultural implications of the SSE phenomenon. Finally, we illustrate some of the ways that changes in the consumer and retail environments might affect the future of SSEs.


Water quality has become an important requirement in recent years, assumed the enormous pressure on water resources. As a result of the rapid population growth and climate change. Seven sampling stations were chosen along the river, specifically near the important cities. After analyzing the water samples, it was found that pH values range from (7.1 to 7.5). The values of total dissolved ions ranged from (730 to 1390) mg/l. It was found that the sodium percentage in the river water samples ranged from (36.8 to 51.3), which is acceptable for irrigation purposes. The water content of magnesium hazard ranges from (45.1 to 48.6), it is within the permissible limits for watering purposes. The residual sodium amounts range from (-4.01 to -2.86) and are within acceptable limits. Water quality index model was used and according to this model classification, it was found that water is good. PHREEQC model was used to identify the geochemical changes of the river water with distance, found that carbonate mineral were under saturation, while clay mineral were in saturation phase.


Abstract We developed a global, 30-m resolution dataset of percent tree cover by rescaling the 250-m MOderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) Tree Cover layer using circa- 2000 and 2005 Landsat images, incorporating the MODIS Cropland Layer to improve accuracy in agricultural areas. Resulting Landsat-based estimates maintained consistency with the MODIS VCF in both epochs (RMSE =8.6% in 2000 and 11.9% in 2005), but showed improved accuracy in agricultural areas and increased discrimination of small forest patches. Against lidar measurements, the Landsat-based estimates exhibited accuracy slightly less than that of the MODIS VCF (RMSE=16.8% for MODIS-based vs. 17.4% for Landsat-based estimates), but RMSE of Landsat estimates was 3.3 percentage points lower than that of the MODIS data in an agricultural region. The Landsat data retained the saturation artifact of the MODIS VCF at greater than or equal to 80% tree cover but showed greater potential for removal of errors through calibration to lidar, with post-calibration RMSE of 9.4% compared to 13.5% in MODIS estimates. Provided for free download at the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) website (www.landcover.org), the 30-m resolution GLCF tree cover dataset is the highest-resolution multi-temporal depiction of Earth's tree cover available to the Earth science community.


OBJECTIVES
In September 2008, the Texas coast was directly hit by Hurricane Ike. Galveston Island was flooded by 4.25 m of storm surge, affecting most of the island's housing and infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to examine whether youth who did not evacuate (11 percent), and subsequently were exposed to Hurricane Ike, exhibit higher rates of substance use and physical and sexual teen dating violence (TDV; both perpetration and victimization) when compared with adolescents who did evacuate.

SETTING
Public high school in southeast Texas that was in the direct path of Hurricane Ike.

PARTICIPANTS
An anonymous survey was conducted in March 2009 to 1,048 high school students who returned to the Galveston Island post-storm (41 percent Hispanic, 23 percent African American, and 27 percent White).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Teen dating violence and substance use.

RESULTS
Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios, adjusting for age and ethnicity, were computed. When compared with boys who evacuated, nonevacuating boys were more likely to perpetrate physical dating violence and sexual assault and to be a victim of sexual assault. Nonevacuating boys and girls were more likely to report recent use of excessive alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine than those who did evacuate.

CONCLUSIONS
School personnel, medical personnel, and mental health service providers should consider screening for evacuation status in seeking to identify those adolescents who most need services after a natural disaster. In addition to addressing internalized emotions and psychological symptoms associated with experiencing trauma, intervention programs should focus on reducing externalized behavior such as substance use and TDV.


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been of high interest during the past couple of years. One of the most important aspects of WSN research is location estimation. A good solution of fine grained localization is the Distributed Least Squares (DLS) algorithm, which splits the costly localization process in a complex precalculation and a simple postcalculation. The latter is performed on constrained sensor nodes, finalizing the localization by adding locale knowledge. This approach lacks for large WSNs, because cost of communication and computation theoretically increases with network size. In practice the approach is even unusable for large WSNs. An important assumption of DLS is that each blind node is able to communicate with each beacon node to receive the precalculation and to determine distances to beacon nodes. This restriction have been overcome by scalable DLS (sDLS), which enabled to use the idea of DLS in large WSN for the first time. Although, sDLS has lower cost of computation than DLS, for large networks, this cost, caused by matrix updates, is pretty high. In this work an adaptation of sDLS is presented, which dramatically reduces cost of computation by circumventing matrix updates as often as possible.


Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions (PGT-M), formerly called preimplantation genetic diagnosis, is a specialized assisted reproduction technique that aims to reduce the risk of a pregnancy inheriting a monogenic condition. Despite calls to increase awareness and prepare neurologists for discussing PGT-M with patients and their families, no guidelines currently exist. When introducing PGT-M to those who may be interested in using it, there are major factors for discussion, including (1) genetic considerations (e.g., requirement for a confirmed genetic diagnosis; timing of genetic test results); (2) practical considerations (e.g., access to PGT-M and genetic services); (3) technical considerations (e.g., factors that can affect the success rate of PGT-M); and (4) psychosocial and ethical considerations (e.g., predictive testing for asymptomatic family members; family dynamics and values). Here, our team of neurologists and specialized genetic counselors discusses the current state of genetic characterization in adult-onset neurodegenerative conditions and highlights the major factors that should be considered when discussing PGT-M with families.


Nanostructured Mg2Ni, Fe-doped and Ti-doped Mg2Ni alloys for hydrogen storage applications have been produced by means of Mechanically Activated Self-propagating High temperature Synthesis (MASHS). Different molar compositions of Fe and Ti (0.1; 0.3 and 0.5) have been studied in order to determine their influence in the hydrogen sorption properties. Different Mg-Ni based alloys have been tested in order to study their hydrogen sorption behavior. The hydrogenation was carried out in a Pressflow Gas Controller. Subsequently, the dehydrogenation process was conducted by means of a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) equipped with an H2 detector of the purged gas. The MASHS method has been demonstrated to be effective for the obtainment of nanostructured pure and doped Mg2Ni intermetallics. In addition, the materials produced showed hydrogen storage capacities superior to 4wt%, especially in the case of Fe-doped Mg2Ni and a slight reduction of desorption temperature was reached with Ti-doped Mg2Ni. Finally, the activation energy of the dehydrogenation process was evaluated and Ti-doped sample exhibited the lower activation energy value. Obtained results are promising for technological applications of Mg-based alloys.


With the rise of advanced technology firms, government's role in nurturing business may be changing. Based on a survey of 450 managers of advanced technology firms in Pennsylvania, this book describes how the private and public sectors can work together to improve the economic climate of a region. Nurturing Advanced Technology Enterprises is the only book to offer in-depth and comprehensive analysis of all aspects of advanced technology development. It encompasses job creation and training, location decisions, industry-university interactions, and more. In addition, the book draws from the public policy and economics literature to provide a theoretical perspective on this new planning issue. Finally, it offers two case studies that illustrate how the partnership can work.


Objectives The Insulin Degrading Enzyme (IDE) degrades intracellular insulin and other peptides. The IDE gene has been previously associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus1. The prevalence of diabetes is increased 2- to 3- fold in patients with schizophrenia2. Our objective was therefore to examine the association of IDE gene polymorphisms with the schizophrenia. Methods The association between IDE gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia has been studied in our case-control study involving 400 patients and 400 control subjects. The DNA was extracted from full blood samples and analyzed by the SNaPshot multiplex method on a genetic analyzer ABI PRISM 3100. Results In our study we have found statistically significant association between schizophrenia and one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the IDE gene. The AA genotype of rs2421943 polymorphism shows a protective role, it decreases the risk of schizophrenia 0,76-fold (p = 0,01) and A allele decreases the risk 0,87-fold (p = 0,007). Conclusions Our study shows, that the comorbidity between schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus might have common genetic roots and IDE gene could become new candidate gene for further research of genetic causes of schizophrenia.


Study of several Hawaiian tholeiitic volcanoes shows that pipe vesicles form only in thin pahoehoe flow units standing on a ground slope of less than about 4°. The vesicles thus have potential as paleoslope indicators. Two examples are given of their use to deduce that the steep dip of certain intracaldera lavas is due to tilting. Pipe vesicles are attributed to gas bubbles rising through lava at a stage in its cooling history when it had acquired a yield strength of a few tens of N · m 2 sufficient to prevent closure of lava behind the bubbles.


Abstract 2062 INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is challenging in cardiac surgery patients, as nearly all develop postoperative thrombocytopenia, and 10–50% have platelet factor 4 (PF4) IgG antibodies after surgery. Pre-test probability scores for HIT have not been widely used by cardiac surgeons at our institution due to concerns regarding thromboembolic complications in untreated HIT, leading to overuse of direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) as empiric therapy for postoperative thrombocytopenia. DESIGN/METHODS: From August through September 2010, we incorporated a hematologist into work rounds in the Brigham and Women9s Hospital (BWH) Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit (CSICU). The hematologist collaborated with cardiac surgeons to create literature-based, multidisciplinary guidelines on hematology topics in CSICU patients. For postoperative thrombocytopenia, the guidelines (1) discouraged empiric use of DTIs on postoperative days (POD) 0–3, except in suspected catastrophic HIT; (2) allowed for empiric DTI use on POD ≥ 4 while awaiting PF4 antibody test results; and (3) suggested discontinuation of DTIs after two negative PF4 antibody tests drawn on POD ≥ 4. We performed a retrospective analysis of projected DTI use in BWH cardiac surgery patients based on the guidelines. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: From February 2010 through February 2011, 80 cardiac surgery patients received DTIs for suspicion of HIT. The median age was 72 years (range, 30–90). Forty-two patients were male. The most common procedures were aortic valve replacement (n = 36), mitral valve replacement (n = 32), and coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 31). Six required an intraaortic balloon pump. Nine were reoperations. PF4 antibody tests, performed using polytypic (Diagnostica Stago) or IgG-specific (Gen-Probe GTI Diagnostics) PF4 antibody ELISA assays, were positive in 19/80 cases (23.75%). Among a subset of 20 patients for whom pre-test probability scores were calculated, correlation between 4 T9s and Lillo-Le Louet scores was poor (high probability score, 45% and 15%, respectively; concordance, 50%; p = 0.109 (McNemar9s test)). Initiation of DTIs was in disagreement with the guidelines in 17/80 cases (21.25%), of which PF4 antibody tests were negative in 15 and positive in 2. Of the 15 PF4 antibody-negative cases, 12 had no evidence of thrombosis; two developed superficial or deep venous thromboses but tolerated heparin reexposure, and one with multiple negative PF4 antibody tests developed a radial artery thrombosis on POD 9 and was treated with heparin and thrombectomy. Both of the PF4 antibody positive cases were unusual presentations of HIT; in one case, the guidelines would have supported delaying initiation of DTIs by one day, which would not have changed overall clinical course for this patient. Patients in whom DTIs were started on POD ≥ 4 were more likely to test positive for PF4 antibodies than patients in the POD 0–3 group (50% vs 11.1%, respectively; p = 0.0004 (Fisher9s exact test)). Almost all cases in which initiation of DTIs disagreed with the guidelines occurred in the POD 0–3 group rather than the POD ≥ 4 group (16 vs 1, respectively; p = 0.008). Overall, the guidelines would have delayed DTI initiation by approximately 1–2 days in 20% of patients and shortened duration of DTI therapy in roughly 15%, leading to a 163-day reduction in total bivalirudin use, a 7-day reduction in argatroban use, and a projected yearly cost savings of $81,414.29–83,055.82 in DTI usage, with minimal impact on patient outcomes. Since launching of these guidelines and other coordinated hospital-wide efforts, overall DTI use at BWH has decreased markedly and stabilized. CONCLUSION: Our analysis suggests a potential role for multidisciplinary clinical care models incorporating hematologists into surgical and critical care units. Disclosures: Fanikos:Baxter: ran a symposium at American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.


Investigating the reasoning abilities of transformer models, and discovering new challenging tasks for them, has been a topic of much interest. Recent studies have found these models to be surprisingly strong at performing deductive reasoning over formal logical theories expressed in natural language. A shortcoming of these studies, however, is that they do not take into account that logical theories, when sampled uniformly at random, do not necessarily lead to hard instances. We propose a new methodology for creating challenging algorithmic reasoning datasets that focus on natural language satisfiability (NLSat) problems. The key idea is to draw insights from empirical sampling of hard propositional SAT problems and from complexity-theoretic studies of language. This methodology allows us to distinguish easy from hard instances, and to systematically increase the complexity of existing reasoning benchmarks such as RuleTaker. We find that current transformers, given sufficient training data, are surprisingly robust at solving the resulting NLSat problems of substantially increased difficulty. They also exhibit some degree of scale-invariance—the ability to generalize to problems of larger size and scope. Our results, however, reveal important limitations too: careful sampling of training data is crucial for building models that generalize to larger problems, and transformer models' limited scale-invariance suggests they are far from learning robust deductive reasoning algorithms.


Abstract The article documents the development of a modular transparent elemental facade. The cooperative development was realized in two areas, i.e., the development of facade ventilation units for an under-pressure ventilation system and experimental verification in a laboratory of a facade panel and optimization of its acoustic parameters. The task of controlled ventilation in modern residential buildings is to ensure the optimum quality of the interior environment and fulfill hygienic and thermal technical requirements that guarantee the comfort of the users. The paper discusses the development and experimental verification of atypical vertical ventilation units of an under-pressure controlled ventilation system for a residential high-rise building. A recommended concept for the facade´s details has been developed in relation to the ventilation system. Conceptual designs of alternatives to the air inlet openings of an under-pressure controlled ventilation system for the apartments with an atypical vertical geometry were proposed. An optimized alternative to air inlet openings in the bottom level of a vertical pilaster with the function of an air distribution channel for a ventilation system has been selected and developed. Laboratory experiments have verified the physical properties of the optimized alternative ventilation units of the under-pressure controlled ventilation system in their development cycle. The hydrodynamic regime of the air inlet openings of the controlled ventilation system has been verified by experimental research in a laboratory large rain chamber. The aerodynamic regime of a naturally controlled ventilation system was verified by experimental research in a large laboratory pressure chamber. The acoustic properties of the naturally controlled ventilation system were verified by experimental research in a laboratory´s acoustic chambers. The verified parameters of the ventilation units of the under-pressure controlled ventilation obtained by the experiment were compared with the design parameters. An experimental assessment of the mechanical, thermal and acoustical parameters of the elemental modular facade was carried out in a laboratory. At the end of the article, the results and conclusions of the laboratory experiment are summarized.


Stephan Feuchtwang & Michael Rowlands London School of Economics & University College, London interviewing Wang Mingming. Wang Mingming is a Chinese anthropologist, born in 1962 in the city of Quanzhou in southern Fujian, China. He was trained in archaeology and ethnological history at Xiamen University in the same southeastern province of Fujian. Later he went to study social anthropology at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London and gained his Ph.D. there. In 1994, he returned to China to teach in Peking University and is committed to staying there. Since returning, through numerous publications, books he has written, series he has edited, journals he has founded, and through his teaching of postgraduate and doctoral students, he has been dedicated to the re-formation of anthropology in China as an academic discipline,not as an aid to programs of development and of government, nor as simply an import from English-language social and cultural anthropology, but as an anthropology coming from China that can and does have something to say to a larger anthropology.


Seven historical sea surface temperature (SST) datasets are compared with each other: the Hadley Center sea ice and SST dataset (HadISST), version 1; the centennial in situ observation‐based estimate of SSTs (COBE); the extended reconstruction of global SST (ERSST), version 3; the optimal smoothing analysis by the Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO); the monthly summaries of the International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set Release 2.1 (ICOADS); the second Hadley Center SST (HadSST); and SSTs by the authors at Tohoku University (TOHOKU). Differences in 30‐year climatologies and standard deviations of anomalies from the climatologies exist, especially in observation‐sparse areas and periods. Correlation among the datasets mainly depends on the number of observational data. Global means from all datasets are consistent with each other except for those from ICOADS. Signals of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) correlate highly with each other after 1880, although the durations and intensities of each event are different. Temporal variations of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) correspond well after 1950, become gradually worse backward in time and are scattered before 1880. These differences are ascribed to the use of different interpolation methods for missing grids, treatments of satellite‐derived data, instrumental bias correction methods and other factors. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society


We report a 6 year-old boy with the simple virilizing form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency in whom an adrenal adenoma developed following 5 years of steroid treatment. Extremely high levels of basal serum 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone as well as an exaggerated response of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone to adrenocorticotropic hormone confirmed congenital adrenal hyperplasia at 7 years of age. Initially elevated serum steroid levels were restrained by high dose hydrocortisone therapy, but he chronically tended to take inadequate doses of glucocorticoid. At 12 years of age an adenoma was found in the cortex of the hyperplastic right adrenal gland. The importance of early diagnosis and compliance with medication in the simple virilizing form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency is stressed.


Pluralism recognizes diversity and aims to facilitate peaceful coexistence across a variety of interests and convictions. Across Central Asia, states have become increasingly authoritarian and in turn less favorable to implementing political and legal structures commonly seen as necessary for pluralism. The question about the potential for pluralism in Central Asia, however, is different from one on how to build pluralism. In this article, I argue that despite the less-than-sanguine prospects for pluralism to emerge across the region, pluralism can be built through programming that engages difference and creates new solidarities around shared experience, without the insistence on shared meaning.


This LibGuide takes 5th grade students through the human behavior and historical events that precipitated WWII. It is based on the first 3 steps of the Facing History & Ourselves process and is designed to be used as a supplement to classroom discussion.


The 40 S heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) particles from HeLa cells reveal tryptophan fluorescence with a bi-exponential decay, indicating that only a few of the 'core' proteins contain tryptophan residues. The presence of tryptophan residues distinguishes hnRNP particles from nucleosomes, with which they otherwise share a number of properties. This difference, however, is not essential for protein-RNA binding, as the fluorescence decay remains unchanged when hnRNP particles are dissociated into protein and RNA. However, the Stern-Volmer quenching constant is doubled upon salt dissociation, i.e. tryptophan residues become more accessible to solvent. Thus tryptophan quenching is a useful parameter for monitoring protein-protein interactions in hnRNP particles.


This paper focuses on the growing need to consider the implications of humancentric applications of precise location based services (LBS). As newer positioning technologies are introduced into the market with a greater level of location accuracy, and existing technologies are utilized in an integrated fashion to overcome limitations, issues pertaining to the use and potential misuse of location information rise to the fore. The scenario planning methodology provides a robust approach within which to consider future possibilities based on current market developments. To this end, document and content analysis play an important role in the collection of facts used to illustrate a given set of scenarios. The contribution of this paper is in providing adequate evidence toward precise LBS and in identifying those attributes that will guide the formation of the narrative descriptions in future research. The preliminary results of the study indicate that societal, ethical and legal implications need to be given greater attention as precise LBS applications will be increasingly used in the tagging, tracking and tracing of humans


Within the vast country of Argentina, there is an area unknown even to most Argentines, that of the highlands within Santiago del Estero. The Quichua-Santiagueno people have for centuries inhabited this landscape of sun-scorched earth. And for centuries they have been creating a wealth of objects--furnishings, rugs tools, and decorative arts. This book attempts to rescue these treasures from obscurity and to offer as inspiration their sophistication, beauty and ingenuity.


Abstract In this work, new circuit configurations for realizing biquadratic all-pass and notch filters canonical in the number of active and passive elements are presented. The proposed circuits are based on differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs) and operate in voltage-mode. The circuits use only one DDCC, two capacitors and two resistors. The notch filter configuration is related to the all-pass filter configuration by grounding one of the non-inverting and the inverting input terminals of the DDCC. SPICE simulation results are included to verify the theory.


mobilization on day of surgery. The outcome measures include duration of hospital stay, readmission within 21 days, time taken for return of bowel function, rate of postoperative ileus and incidence of surgical site infections. Results 30 patients were included in Group E and Group C each. The duration of hospital stay, rate of postoperative ileus and incidence of surgical site infections were significantly decreased in the ERAS group. Conclusion ERAS protocol has a significant beneficial effect on perioperative outcomes in Gynaecologic oncology patients.


Additive manufacturing (AM) is a transformational digital manufacturing technology featured with rapidity, customizability, precision, and economy, which is fundamentally altering the way components are designed and manufactured. AM enables the freedom of design, and makes full use of complexity of geometry which "comes for free". Applying AM technology to nuclear industry can yield advanced reactor designs with function and structure matched for the best thermal, fluidic and mechanical performance. In this work, an AM-informed reactor core design with SiC matrix and TRISO particle fuel is proposed and analyzed. The core is an integrated 3D-printed SiC bulk with helical cruciform coolant channels, and the UO2-TRISO fuel particles are dispersed in the bulk. A multi-physics analysis framework for irregular geometry is developed to analyze and further optimize the reactor design. The TRISO particle positions are generated with discrete element method. The Reactor Monte Carlo code (RMC) and the CFD software STAR-CCM+ are used for the neutronic and thermal-fluidic analyses, respectively. RMC simulates the neutron transport to predict the effective multiplication factor and power distribution. STAR-CCM+ calculates the flow and heat transfer in coolant channels and heat conduction in solid matrix with the power distribution as the heat source. The results show that the power peaking factor FQ decreases below 1.65, the heat transfer area increases by 30.3% and the fuel peaking temperature decreases by 25 K. The optimized AM-informed design enjoys better neutronic and thermal-fluidic performance than those with regular geometry.