As the economy develops faster and faster, the role of internal audit in the company becomes more and more important, especially for corporate governance. The trend of globalization has intensified, and trade between countries is dense. It brings economic benefits to enterprises while increasing risks. In order to survive and develop, companies must face more challenges. On the one hand, the company must increase investment in internal governance management, and establish institutions such as shareholder meeting, board of directors, managerial level and board of supervisors, and the corporate governance structure is gradually standardized. On the other hand, the company's strengthening of internal audit can not only improve the company's operating conditions, but also timely discover problems within the company and effectively control them. However, compared with other advanced countries in China, the internal audit system was established late, so the units have different experiences in learning from foreign countries, which leads to many problems in the establishment of internal audit institutions in China, and many companies do not pay attention to internal audit. Therefore, it is necessary for us to conduct in-depth research on this.


Few cases of pharyngeal actinomycosis have been documented in the literature. We describe the case of a 67-year-old white man who presented with symptoms of dysphagia. Laryngoscopy revealed a pedunculated mass in the left posterior pharyngeal wall; an excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Postoperatively, the patient underwent 10 weeks of intravenous penicillin therapy followed by 4 months of oral antibiotics, and his condition resolved. We discuss the diagnosis, management, and complications of this rare infection.


Purpose:The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the surface microhardness of human enamel of primary teeth immersed in an orange fruit drink at two time intervals. In addition, surface texture was recorded using scanning electron microscope (SEM).Methods:Fifteencaries free primary molars were used to prepare enamel specimens. Specimens were immersed in orange fruit drink for 1 and 2 hours at room temperature. Prior to immersion and following each immersion period, measurement of the surface microhardness at a load of 200 grams for 5 seconds and impression was taken for each specimen using polyvinyl/siloxane to form an epoxy resin replica to be prepared for SEM examination.Results:Mean +standard deviation of the surface microhardness prior to immersion as well as 1 hour and 2 hours after immersion were 343.50 + 6.78, 273.13 + 6.70, and 212.13 + 6.63 respectively. There was significant difference between the three groups (p<0.0001).Percent difference of microhardness before versus after immersion showed that the greatest softening after the second immersion compare to first immersion and before immersion. A distinct difference was observed under SEM in the specimens after 1 and 2 hours immersion in the fruit drink compared to the control.Conclusion:Immersion of the specimens of enamel of primary teeth in the tested orange fruit drink for 1 and 2 hours reduced the surface microhardness significantly compared to the baseline/control. SEM confirmed that the surface texture of the enamel surface of primary teeth was affected. Changes and effects on the surface texture increased over time and result in severe irregular and etching-like pattern of destruction after exposure for 2 hours.


External cephalic version (ECV) was performed in 524 single pregnancies. The version was successful in 38.4%. Success is mainly influenced by parity, quantity of amniotic fluid and maternal weight. An emergency cesarean section was necessary in 0.6% because of fetal bradycardia. Compared to controls the ECV was not associated with the increase of a premature rupture of membranes, complications with umbilical cord or transfer of the child to the paediatric department. Also there was no difference in the pH or Apgar-ranges. One fetal death was diagnosed 17 days after ECV, the reason therefore remained unclear. There are existing a few other reports with similar cases. We conclude that ECV is a appropriate trial to convert the fetus into cephalic presentation, but because of possible complications precautions must be taken, e.g. that means to carry out the trial under conditions which allow immediate cesarean section and a frequent follow up of the woman until delivery.


Recent advances in remote sensing and ecological modeling warrant a timely and robust investigation of the ecological variables that underlie large-scale patterns of breeding bird species richness, particularly in the context of intensifying land use and climate change. Our objective was to address this need using an array of bioclimatic and remotely sensed data sets representing vegetation properties and structure, and other aspects of the physical environment. We first build models of bird species richness across breeding bird survey (BBS) routes, and then spatially predict richness across the coterminous US at moderately high spatial resolution (1 km). Predictor variables were derived from various sources and maps of species richness were generated for four groups (guilds) of birds with different breeding habitat affiliation (forest, grassland, open woodland, scrub/shrub), as well as all guilds combined. Predictions of forest bird distributions were strong (R2 = 0.85), followed by grassland (0.76), scrub/shrub (0.63) and open woodland (0.60) species. Vegetation properties were generally the strongest determinants of species richness, whereas bioclimatic and lidar-derived vertical structure metrics were of variable importance and dependent upon the guild type. Environmental variables (climate and the physical environment) were also frequently selected predictors, but canopy structure variables were not as important as expected based on more local to regional scale studies. Relatively sparse sampling of canopy structure metrics from the satellite lidar sensor may have reduced their importance relative to other predictor variables across the study domain. We discuss these results in the context of the ecological drivers of species richness patterns, the spatial scale of bird diversity analyses, and the potential of next generation space-borne lidar systems relevant to vegetation and ecosystem studies. This study strengthens current understanding of bird species–climate–vegetation relationships, which could be further advanced with improved canopy structure information across spatial scales.


Graphene oxides (GOs) have received significant attention as emerging biomedical materials due to their special properties. The application of GOs in biological systems has raised considerable concern about their hepatotoxicity, however their biological effects on parenchymal hepatocytes remain unclear, despite the fact that GOs have shown size-dependent interactions with immunocytes in the liver. Herein we chose pleiotropic cytokine IL-6 as the model parameter to investigate inflammation responses upon exposure to GOs. An early and sensitive reporter mouse model was constructed, allowing non-invasive and longitudinal imaging of parenchymal hepatocyte IL-6 expressions. GOs of various lateral dimensions were assessed by using the reporter mice. The results demonstrated that large-sized GOs (L-GO) induced much stronger IL-6 activation. A detailed analysis uncovered that L-GO induced ROS production and TLR-4 activation promoted macrophage polarization and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, activated via> the NF-κB signaling pathway, which in turn initiated the expression of IL-6 in hepatocytes. These in-depth investigations are expected to help modulate the inflammatory responses involved in hepatotoxicity and provide extended information to design sub-hepatic distribution and cell subset targeting by controlling the nanoparticle sizes.


BACKGROUND
Varieties of restorative materials are widely used in dentistry. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of different dental restorative materials on bond interface reliability.

METHODS
A two-dimensional finite element analysis method was adopted to simulate the shear-bond efficacy test. The influence of elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio were investigated separately. Several dental restorative materials including resins, metals, and ceramics were analyzed in this study.

RESULTS
The deformation and peak equivalent stress level of the dentin-adhesive interface rose sharply following a decrease in the elasticity of restorative materials, especially those with a low elastic modulus range. The influence of the Poisson's coefficient was not significant. Ceramics and gold alloy were preferred to resin composite in restorations bearing extensive shear load during service.

CONCLUSIONS
Restorative materials with an elastic modulus similar to that of teeth are not always the best clinical choice. This research provides a helpful guide for the application of different restorative materials in clinical practice.


In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive reduced-rank strategy for very large multiuser multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. The proposed reduced-rank scheme is based on the concept of joint iterative optimization (JIO) of filters according to the minimization of the bit error rate (BER) cost function. The proposed optimization technique adjusts the weights of a projection matrix and a reduced-rank filter jointly. We develop stochastic gradient (SG) algorithms for their adaptive implementation and introduce a novel automatic rank selection method based on the BER criterion. Simulation results for multiuser MIMO systems show that the proposed adaptive algorithms significantly outperform existing schemes.


Scholars strive, in their treatment of Stein's work, to express both a phenomenological concept of the human person, characterized by conscious and free spiritual activity, and a metaphysical concept of the person, seen as an individual essence unfolding throughout life. In Stein's work, the two concepts are not simply juxtaposed, nor is there a shift from one to the other. Stein integrates her phenomenological research into a metaphysical framework. In the present contribution, I endeavor to show that Stein's interpretation of Husserl's concept of constitution focuses on the question of whether this constitution is to be understood realistically or idealistically and on the question of the constituting subject. I shall argue that Stein's interpretation of constitution is closely linked to the lived experience she calls already in her early writings "self-discovery" and "awakening."


Objectives and background The assessment of pain in the emergency department (ED) is difficult but important for appropriate management of pain. Guidelines for the management of acute pain in the ED worldwide advocate using numeric rating scales such as the 0–10 pain score as tools to ensure consistency of documenting patient's pain, and this is mandated at initial assessment in many EDs. Studies of interventions to improve pain management in the ED indicate that whilst the inclusion of mandatory pain scoring within interventions may improve documentation of pain, there was mixed evidence as to whether this resulted in improvements in provision of analgesia. As part of a wider study looking at barriers and enablers to pain management in the ED, we explored how pain scoring was used in the ED. Methods Qualitative data were collected within 3 case study EDs in the UK. Data comprised 143 hours of non-participant observation, 37 ED staff interviews and 19 patient interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Observation showed variation in how the pain score was documented between EDs. Some staff documented the score directly reported by the patient, whilst others documented a score they formulated using a combination of physiological signs, behavioural signs and presence of a 'known' painful condition. ED staff appeared to understand the score as an absolute measure used to guide analgesia requirements or triage categories rather than a relative measure used to document changes in pain levels. Even when documenting patient reported scores, they perceived patient reported scores to be inconsistent with their own assessment of the patients pain level, particularly where this could lead to patients being managed under a higher triage category or receiving stronger analgesia than ED staff considered appropriate. Staff documented pain scores that were appropriate for the treatment they planned to provide, rather than the scores reported by the patient, in particular when the pain score was used as a tool for auditing appropriate pain management. Conclusions The pain score appeared to have parallel but misaligned roles: to assess patient pain and ED staff practice. ED staff faced conflict between the need to record pain to ensure accountability of pain management, and recording pain to reflect the patient's report. The role of the pain score needs to be reviewed in order for pain scoring to improve the patient experience of pain management in the ED.


The dynamic organization of genes inside the nucleus is an important determinant for their biological function. Using ultra-fast microscopy in living S. cerevisiae cells and improved analysis of DNA mean square displacements, we observe that DNA motion is sub-diffusive at time scales ranging from 10 ms to a few minutes. These distinct sub-diffusive regimes simultaneously drive DNA motion differently at each time scale. In response to a double-strand break, a damaged locus is more mobile at large time scales but, surprisingly, the broken DNA imaged at millisecond intervals is much less mobile. Such a change in the sub-diffusion mode dramatically modifies how DNA explores its surrounding nuclear space. We propose a model in which stiffening of the damaged DNA ends by the repair complex reduces its mobility locally, but allows significant nuclear exploration at longer time scales due to an enhanced ability to traverse the DNA meshwork.


As a population, older adults are more likely than younger individuals to be afflicted with a variety of age-related diseases and functional impairments that may interfere with the maintenance of good nutritional status. This is particularly true of vulnerable elders (VEs). This population is also at greater risk of drug-induced nutritional deficiencies because of the number of prescription drugs they take. The term ''malnutrition'' can encompass a wide range of deficiencies (e.g., protein–energy, vitamins, fiber, water) and excesses (e.g., obesity, hypervitaminosis) that may or may not be clearly associated with adverse health outcomes. However, undernutrition has emerged as a priority area in caring for older persons. For example, an expert panel ranked undernutrition as the third leading condition in hospital and home care sites and the fourth leading condition in office practice and nursing home sites for which quality improvement efforts would enhance the functional health of older persons. Undernutrition in older persons is a particularly complex issue, because three populations must be considered: community dwelling, hospitalized, and institutionalized (nursing home). Although the overlap among these three populations is considerable, the burden of acute and chronic disease differs in the three groups. As a result, their nutritional requirements vary. This article will address quality indicators (QIs) for undernutrition only for communitydwelling and hospitalized VEs. The prevalence of energy undernutrition in VEs varies depending upon the definition used. In community-dwelling individuals in the United States, if energy undernutrition is defined as having a body weight of less than 45.4 kg (100 lbs), slightly more than 3% of those aged 60 and older may be affected. Similarly, low body mass index (BMI) is uncommon in community-dwelling older persons. Based on data from the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence of BMI levels less than 18.5 in persons aged 70 and older was 2.4%. If undernutrition is defined according to caloric or nutrient intake, 37% to 40% of older community-dwelling men and women ( 65) report energy intakes less than two-thirds of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Although other surveys have suggested that 30% of community-dwelling older persons have energy intakes below the RDA, the same surveys indicate that protein intake has generally been above the RDA. The prevalence of undernutrition is considerably higher in hospitalized patients, ranging from 55% to 61% in different populations using different definitions. Developing QIs for undernutrition in older persons is problematic, because there is no universally accepted clinical definition of undernutrition and because the research conducted on malnutrition in older persons, although voluminous, has not systemically focused on concerns of quality of care. As a result, there are substantial knowledge gaps in the literature, and many of the proposed QIs in this article are not supported by randomized clinical trials. When clinical trials have been available, many have studied patients who met narrow entry criteria. Moreover, most of the trials do not meet the highest quality of methodological rigor (e.g., concealed randomization and complete follow-up). Thus, even the clinical trial evidence cannot be regarded as conclusive when evaluating the proposed QIs in this monograph.


We have studied the hormonal secretion and excretion patterns in a patient with the XX type of 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. In the untreated state, the patient's urine contained only those steroids which do not require 17-hydroxylation in their biosynthesis. Aldosterone was not produced in the patient and the metabolic product of its immediate precursor, 18-hydroxy-11-dehydro-tetrahydrocorticosterone, was excreted in markedly elevated amounts. This apparent complete block in 18 oxidation was reversible upon long-term ACTH suppression within 27 days. Direct in vitro incubation of the patient's adrenal gland removed at operation demonstrated, 1) the complete lack of 17 alpha-hydroxylase activity, 2) the functional block in the ability to oxidize the hydroxyl group at the 18 methyl side chain. The addition of physiological concentrations of angiotensin to the incubation medium further showed, 3) angiotensin mildly stimulated the entire aldosterone biosynthetic pathway, 4) angiotensin directly stimulated the conversion of 18-hydroxycorticosterone to aldosterone. We propose that in this patient, 17-hydroxylase deficiency produced a decreased plasma concentration of cortisol, followed by stimulation of deoxycorticosterone production by ACTH. The resultant increase in extracellular fluid volume suppressed plasma renin activity. This resulted in a low plasma concentration of angiotensin II which directly suppressed oxidation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone to aldosterone. This defect has been called corticosterone methyl oxidase defect type 2.


This study aims to find out Muslim social behavior towards LGBT in the film Cinta Fiisabiilillah on Youtube. This study used a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis research method by carrying out data collection techniques using primary data and secondary data. Primary data is in the form of observations and interviews. While secondary data is in the form of documentation. The object of research is the Cinta Fiisabiilillah Film. The results showed that Muslim social behavior towards LGBT in the film Cinta Fiisabiilillah was to accept and embrace it to hijrah Fiisabiilillah together and not move away because of its poor past.Keywords: Behavior, LGBT, Film


Abstract Objective: Given the great number of chronic care patients facing the end of life and the challenges of critical care delivery, there has been emerging evidence supporting the benefit of palliative care in the intensive care unit (ICU). We studied the relationship between the timing of a palliative care consult (PCC) and two utilization outcomes — length of stay (LOS) and pharmacy costs — in ventilator-assisted ICU patients. Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted (N = 90). Summed pharmacy costs were compared using a paired t test before and after PCC. Spearman correlations were performed between days to PCC and ICU LOS, ventilator days, and days to death following ventilator discontinuation. Results: Number of days from admission to PCC was correlated with total days on ventilator (ρ = 0.685, p < 0.0001) and total ICU LOS (ρ = 0.654, p < 0.0001). Number of days to PCC was correlated with pre-PCC total medication costs (ρ = 0.539, p < 0.0001). Median medication costs were significantly reduced after the PCC (p < 0.0001), from $230.96 to 30.62. Median medication costs decreased for all categories except for analgesics, antiemetics, and opioids. The number of patients receiving opioid infusion increased (37 vs. 90%) after PCC (p < 0.0001). Significance of results: Earlier timing for PCC in the ICU is associated with a lower LOS through quicker mechanical ventilation (MV) withdrawal, presenting a unique opportunity to both decrease costs and improve patient care.


The thesis is entitled Pragmatic Markers used in the Conversation between Barkha Dutt and Oprah Winfrey at Jaipur Literary Festival on January 22, 2012.It is aimed at finding out the types and explaining the functions of pragmatic markers used in the conversation with Oprah Winfrey at the Jaipur Literary Festival on January 22, 2012. This research used qualitative research, because the research doesn't give the numeral or statistics, but just depends on the knowledge of the researcher in analyzing the data.In collecting the data, the researcher presented 124 turns which contain pragmatic markers. Next, the researcher classified the turn and then explained their function. In analyzing the data, the researcher followed several steps, they are: reading the script carefully; identifying pragmatic markers found in the conversation;classifying pragmatic markers found in the conversation; describing the function of pragmatic markers found in the conversation; interpreting the finding, and drawing conclusion.The result shows that the pragmatic markers used mostly by the speakers are interrogatives and declaratives. The interrogatives are mostly used by Barkha Dutt because she is the host in the conversation. While, the declaratives are mostly used by Oprah Winfrey because she is the guest in the conversation. She answered and explained the question by Barkha Dutt.There are seven functions why Barkha Dutt and Oprah Winfrey used pragmatics markers in their conversation. They are to initiate a discourse, to express a response, to affect an interaction between speaker and hearer, to get the hearer's attention,to express deference, to express intimacy, and to end a discourse.


Exposure to fugitive dust can contribute to several respiratory health problems, and proper sampling of fugitive dust is necessary to assess exposure. However, field sampling of soil dust encounters problems from spatial and temporal differences in soil properties, field operations, and meteorological conditions. To minimize these problems, we designed a dust generator that simulates dust generation from soil. The dust generator consisted of a rotating chamber where soil samples were loaded and tumbled, and a settling chamber, where airborne soil dust samples were collected. As standard operating conditions, we decided on 2 g soil mass, 10 min sampling time, and 20 rpm rotating speed, with a flow rate of 30 l/min, based on three common soil textures of loam, sandy loam and silt loam. To evaluate optimal operating conditions, we used mixtures of Joomoonjin silica sand and clay. Although the average PM10 concentration of Joomoonjin silica sand was low, dust concentrations were increased by an increased content of clay. The dust concentrations were consistent across repeated experiments, and showed similar concentration profiles during the sampling time with mixtures of clay and sand (coefficient of variation was 13.6 ± 7.1%). The results demonstrated that these standard operating conditions were suitable for the dust generator, which can be used to investigate variations in soil properties that affect dust production and potential potency of fugitive dust exposure.


As a case study, the aims of this study were to explore the determinants of the amount of consumer spending in hospitality e-Commerce. Data was derived from the log file of the e-Commerce website that has been open since 2008 (http://www.cakestory.kr). Logistic regression analysis was primarily employed to examine the purpose of this study. As a result, it was observed that the flow of total sales might be inconsistent with the flow of sale ratio during the period from 2009 to 2010. Furthermore, the probability of the high spending varies depending on demographic characteristics (i.e., age and gender), individual characteristics (i.e., membership and payment types for the products), and behavior types (i.e., product types and searching time) for the product of event cakes in the hospitality e-market place. The results of this study can be utilized to understand the online consumer spending patterns in the hospitality e-Commerce.


Objective : Current study is conducted to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and source of information of asthma among school teachers those who are working in government and private schools in urban area of Quetta district in Balochistan Province, Pakistan. Methodology : A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted among School teachers in Quetta city of Pakistan. Convenience sampling approach was used to recruit 330 teachers based on sample size calculation. A content- and face-validated questionnaire was used to collect the data from the participants. The collected data were reviewed and statistically analyzed by using SPSS. Man Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to relate the study variables. Results : The recent study shows that 57% teachers have knowledge about asthma and exacerbate factors which increased the risk of asthma attack. Knowledge of female teachers were better as compared to male teachers (p = 0.002). Education levels and school type also affect the knowledge of teachers. Conclusion : This study highlights that school teachers need to train to recognize the early symptoms of asthma in the class room and seek appropriate treatment. The delay of such necessary treatment can have serious consequences or even death. An educational program is needed for Quetta teachers to increase their knowledge about asthma and to meet the needs of a child with asthma to improve wellbeing and school attendance.


The objective of the present study was to formulate Nelfinavir mesylate nanocrystals by ball milling to improve its pharmacokinetic behavior in turn bioavailability. Nanocrystals were prepared by dispersing the drug in Poloxamer 407 solution and subjected for size reduction by ball milling. The nanocrystals were lyophilized using mannitol ascryoprotectant. The free flowing powder forms of nanocrystals powder was evaluated for its particle size, zeta potential, solubility, in vitro dissolution. Solid-state characteristics were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy. The particle size and zeta potential of optimized formulation was found to be 740.12 ± 79.21 nm and 23.31 ± 1.10 mV respectively with PDI of 0.20 ± 0.07. DSC analysis and SEM revealed that there was slight decrease in crystallinity in the nanocrystals compared to raw crystals. Increased dissolution velocity was observed along with increased saturation solubility. Thus it can be concluded that increase in solubility and dissolution velocity of Nelfinavirmesylatewas observed by formulating it as nanocrystals.


Aim: To evaluate the application of next-generation sequencing-based targeted protocol for full-length CYP3A4 gene sequencing analysis. Materials & methods: The developed sequencing protocol was applied to analyze human DNA samples (n = 7) obtained from tuberculosis patients admitted to the Riga East University Hospital, Center of Tuberculosis and Lung diseases. Results: The sequencing data quality was sufficient for the detection of already known genetic variants, as well as for identifying rare and novel variants dispersed throughout the CYP3A4 gene with a high degree of confidence. Conclusion: Developed protocol can be applied in subpopulation level association studies to determine whether specific genetic variants or variant combinations from multiple regions of the CYP3A4 gene are of clinical significance.


This is a simulation study of weight-based and precedence-based clustering paradigms in VANETs under an experimentally-derived channel model. The study reveals that CH election schemes accounting for driver intention form more stable and long-lived clusters. The results also show that ignoring elements of the VANET channel (such as vehicular shadowing) results in an unreliable comparative analysis of protocol performance.


The development of audiovisual projects, besides of being the first stage of the production process, stands out because the most important decision is taken at that moment: the type of content to be produced. The producer can choose between buying a successful international format or creating an original formula leaning on his own I+D+I team. This article presents a detailed analysis of the purchasing process of entertainment formats and the design of original projects. In both cases, this initial step should be understood as a creative process that requires a considerable investment in time and money, given that the product quality and its success depends on its right performance to a large extent.


US have a promising alternative mean for quick confirmation of the ETT placement. However, small and few studies have shown that the sensitivity of this tool to accurately assess the ETT placement relative to chest XR or capnography is approximately 91-100%. The overall accuracy of this method is very interesting as it reaches 89-98% in some studies. An additional advantage of this method as suggested by some of these studies is the rapid assessment of the ETT position; this can be as quick as 17 seconds using an US curvilinear probe. Understandably, the confirmation of the ETT position was somewhat challenging in short neck patients and in those wearing cervical collars. I believe that using this method is worth looking into in the near future. Although most of the subjects of these studies were adults and children, I don't see a limitation to use this tool in neonatology, especially if the waiting time between intubation and doing confirmatory XR in some facilities is long. Based upon various small observational studies, bedside US can be used to
1. Direct visualization of the ETT in the trachea
2. Showing lung sliding
3. Diaphragmatic Excursion


This text proposes to provoke an interdisciplinary reflection on alterity as challenged through investigations in archaeology. It intends to analyse the process of archaeological practice in a contemporary Latin American context. Archaeological practice configures criteria for selecting a specific cultural heritage collection, and in turn, this reflects what should be forgotten or what has the right to be remembered by the society. It also aims to contribute to the speech practice and audience of the subjects, in order to problematize the experience of research and the researcher through ethnography and discussions in the postcolonial archaeology; these could promote a point of schism where paradigms for archaeological studies may reach a breaking point.


The 14-19 debate goes to the heart of a number of core questions: What is education for? Who should benefit? What attributes do we value and need in our young people as workers, as learners? Where does learning happen? What role should young people themselves play in shaping their education? By outlining the key issues in these debates and reviewing the evidence, the authors of this review map out a framework within which we can create a coherent strategy for the design and use of digital technologies for learning - whether in conventional academic contexts, or in the myriad sites of learning in more radical visions.


SONGS OF THE ARMY OF THE NIGHT (1888) IS A CLASSIC OF RADICAL SOCIALIST verse in both England and Australia. (1) The author, Francis William Lauderdale Adams (1862-93), an English writer who lived in Australia for only six years but was counted by Australian nationalist critics as an Australian in spirit, demonstrates in his political verse an ability to negotiate multiple writing positions and voices in order to reach widely different readerships in both the colonies and the motherland. This essay examines the way in which, after establishing a broad literary and journalistic reputation in both England and Australia, Adams adopted a split writing position in Songs of the Army of the Night. Comprising mostly ballads in the style of Chartist protest poetry, the Songs are intertextually determined; to some extent they have a generic life of their own. Yet in adopting the form of popular verse, using vernacular forms and diction, Adams nonetheless constructs a persona that is consistent with much of his more "literary" writing. Songs of the Army of the Night does more than demonstrate conflict in Adams' work between the claims of "art" and "life," between his upper middle-class cultural affiliations and working-class political sympathies. Despite this element of conflict, the configuration of speaking positions is not dialectic, but dialogic in the Bakhtinian sense. (2) That is, the voices or speaking positions in the poetry do not work through opposition to achieve synthesis or progress, or to generate a new set of dialectical terms; rather, they co-exist in a synchronous multiplicity that allows the "implied poet" of the whole volume to be constructed as both a member of the oppressed masses and a middle-class sympathizer. Only twenty-two when he arrived from England, Adams set out to make his mark as a fiction writer and essayist, analyzing and commenting on Australian literature and culture. Soon discovering that he could not live by "literary" writing alone (that is, in books and monthly or quarterly journals), he started to contribute short stories and poems to the main newspapers in Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane. These pieces were usually set in Australia, and generally had strong social and political themes. Adams gradually left the more conservative newspapers (or they left him) to concentrate on publishing his short stories, poems, and signed articles in the radical press. He continued to be employed in mainstream journalism, however, writing editorial leaders and book reviews for the Brisbane Courier. Although these were unsigned, and are now hard to identify as his, they earned him some distinction as a journalist. He became one of the leading political commentators in Brisbane and Toowoomba during the 1888 General Elections, and was chagrined that his colleagues at the Courier praised his leader-writing in hyperbolic terms while failing to appreciate his more artistic productions in the form of lyric and dramatic poetry, which were mostly written before he had left England. (3) He wrote in a range of genres, producing at a rapid rate between 1882 and 1893 three volumes of poetry, (4) six novels, (5) a collection of short stories (Australian Life), a play, two collections of essays (Australian Essays, Essays in Modernity) and two books of social and political analysis (The Australians, The New Egypt). He wrote as an Anglo-Parisian "Child of the Age," in his experimental novel of that name; as a follower of Matthew Arnold in his early poetry and essays; as a "modified Arnoldian" social commentator and literary critic in his essays on Australia, and as an opinionated critic of British foreign policy in The Australians and The New Egypt. There are common themes through all his work, such as social justice, but a multiplicity of genres, voices, and implied readers. Across this diverse output, Adams addressed his work to cultural elites and scarcely literate working people, Australian nationalists, and British imperialists, men and women, artists and politicians, the mass audiences of jo urnalism and the literary coteries who read experimental poetry. …


Linear GARCH(1,1) and threshold GARCH(1,1) processes are established as regularly varying, meaning their heavy tails are Pareto like, under conditions that allow the innovations from the, respective, processes to be skewed. Skewness is considered a stylized fact for many financial returns assumed to follow GARCH-type processes. The result in this note aids in establishing the asymptotic properties of certain GARCH estimators proposed in the literature.


Integrals involving the kernel function $sech (\pi x)$ over a semi-infinite range are of general interest in the study of Riemann's function $\zeta(s)$ and Hurwitz' function $\zeta(s,a)$. Such integrals that include the $arctan$ and $log$ functions in the integrand are evaluated here in terms of $\zeta(s,a)$, thereby adding some new members to a known family of related integrals. A claimed connection between $\zeta(s)$ of odd integer argument and such integrals is verified.


Background: Smartphone use has been shown to have effects on psychological health outcomes. There is evidence that the psychological effects of smartphones on young people are significant. It is associated with anxiety, depression, and psychological distress in various populations. The tendency to spend cumulatively long durations exposed to smartphones is an emerging phenomenon among university undergraduates. This study aimed at determining the relationship between smartphone use and psychological distress in university undergraduates. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 3,325 undergraduates of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria in September 2021 using a Sociodemographic proforma, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short version, and psychological distress was measured using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12). Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. Results: The mean age of respondents was 21.3+2.59 years, and 1835 (55.2%) of them were females. In addition, 3305 (99.4%) owned smartphones, and 720 (21.7%) had more than one smartphone. Psychological distress was present in 1097 smartphone users (33.2%). The level of study (P=0.002), presence of problematic smartphone use (PSU, P<0.001), total time spent on the phone per day (P=0.014), and the time spent on social media per day (P<0.001), as well as leaving the phone data on all day (P=0.001) and engaging in overnight calls or social media chats (P<0.026), Facebook (P=0.001), WeChat (P=0.001), and Snapchat (P=0.001), were significantly associated with psychological distress. Independent predictors of psychological distress were being in year 5 (OR=0.548, P=0.008), presence of PSU (OR=1.586, P<0.001), switching on phone data throughout the day (OR=1.388, P<0.001), and use of WeChat (OR=1.451, P<0.027) and Facebook (OR=0.703, P<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings revealed that important smartphone-related indices such as PSU, switching on phone data access all day, and WeChat were predictive of increased levels of psychological distress. Structured counselling about the productive use of smartphones should be administered in the early years of study for university undergraduates.


To the Editor.— At a public, outpatient health center, we introduced rigid sigmoidoscopy as part of routine medical care for a population that previously had had little access to such screening. Our center is freestanding and tax supported, with a sliding fee scale, and no one is denied care because of inability to pay. Patients come for checkups or because of illnesses, and rigid sigmoidoscopy was offered to anyone over the age of 50 years who was a potential surgical candidate. Patients had to make a separate appointment for the sigmoidoscopy; a digital rectal examination and a stool guaiac test were done as part of routine examinations. Study.— Preparation for the examination included a Fleet enema done by the patient at home just before leaving. At the examination, a guaiac test was done via digital rectal examination (if stool was present) and again after the sigmoidoscope had been inserted as


Abstract : The Integrated MANET Mutual Authentication System (IMMAS) provides implied mutual authentication of all routing and data traffic within a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) by combining Elliptic Curve Cryptography, a public-key cryptosystem, with the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) Protocol. IMMAS provides security by effectively hiding network topology from adversaries while reducing the potential for, among other things, traffic analysis and data tampering, all while providing a graceful degradation for each of the authentication components. Current research in MANETs tends to focus primarily on routing issues leaving topics such as security and authentication for future research. IMMAS focuses on achieving a higher level of security with the potential for substantial increases in efficiency of processing power and bandwidth compared to alternative exterior authentication mechanisms tacked on after protocol development and standardization.


Recently Carl Schmitt has gained attention as a forethinker of international relations. Current security challenges from asymmetric warfare to a waning of state sovereignty have even earned Schmitt the attribute of being the "author of the moment" (Reinhard Mehring). Schmitt's paradigm of international relations is often seen as either a mere continuation of realistic views like Carr or Morgenthau or as a justification of national-socialist expansionism. This paper will argue for a different view of Schmitt, according to which Schmitt holds a similar 'special position' to that of Kants "Perpetual Peace". Therefore Schmitt cannot be considered clearly as arguing for realism or against liberalism. His thoughts shall be developed using the term 'political existentialism', which puts Schmitt's anti-individualism at the core of his novel views on international relations and the security policy implications thereof.


Nowadays, the research and development activities performed in the area of internal combustion engines are focused on the LTC technologies, especially on the HCCI technology. It is so because these innovative technologies are characterized by high operational efficiency as well as by low emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOX) and particulate matter (PM). The combustion process LTC is able to utilize various fuels. The kind of fuel, together with its physical and chemical properties have a major influence on engine power output and gaseous emissions. The presented scientific contribution deals with analysis of an experimental engine operating with the HCCI combustion, specifically it deals with operational influences of several selected fuel mixtures. There is investigated an influence of the fuel mixtures, which consist of different components with various properties, on the engine power output and on the gaseous emissions. These experimentally applied fuels were created as the mixtures of isooctane and n-heptane using different mixing ratios. The obtained results offer a global view on a real effect of the fuel components applied in the fuel mixtures.


Retrospective analysis was carried out on intervention treatment and the effects of massive hemoptysis of pulmonary aspergilloma. Twenty-five cases diagnosed as massive hemoptysis of pulmonary aspergilloma were performed with imaging of bronchial arteries and other related blood vessels in order to assess blood vessel type and the number involved in the disease and perform embolotherapy on the offending artery. There were 68 bleeding arteries in 25 cases, of which there were 36 bronchial arteries (52.94%), 15 intercostal arteries (22.06%), 9 internal thoracic arteries (16.17%), 5 inferior phrenic arteries (7.35%), and 3 pulmonary arterial branches (4.41%) and all of them were in embolism condition. For 25 cases, 21 bleeding cases were stopped immediately (84.00%), 3 bleeding cases were stopped after the 2nd embolism, and 1 case had a small amount of hemoptysis after surgery discontinuously, which was stopped after corresponding treatment with no severe complications. Ten cases used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particulate embolization solely, 12 cases used PVA with spring coil and 3 cases used PVA, spring coil and N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue. In conclusion, patients who suffer from massive hemoptysis of pulmonary aspergilloma and whose medical treatments are not effective and who are not willing to receive surgical removal, intervention treatment is an effective method. PVA, spring coil and NBCA glue can be effectively used in hemoptysis embolism and pulmonary artery embolism can be considered when systemic embolism is not effective.


Esterases are biocatalysts in food industry aimed for nutrition improvements, formation of flavor, and food fermentation. Two esterases EstGX1 and EstGX2 were identified based on function-based screening of a soil metagenomic cosmid library. Enzyme properties including optimum pH, optimal temperature, tolerance to organic solvents and metal ions were measured, respectively. The activity of EstGX2 could maintain about 40% after incubated at 99°C for 55 min, and could be increased in presence of 15% ethanol. The unique properties of EstGX2, high thermostability and stability in the presence of several organic solvents, may make it a promising enzyme candidate in food industry.


The hybrid magnet (HM) at the Tsukuba Magnet Laboratory (TML) generates 35 T in a 52-mm warm bore with a field uniformity of about 6500 ppm in a 10 mm diameter sphere volume (DSV). A new resistive insert magnet with the same bore was designed to provide the higher field uniformity in the HM operation and the construction was started. This emagnet is composed of three concentric Bitter coils. The height of the outer coil is almost equal to that of present insert, . Tand the middle coil is made of a split-paired winding; . Tthe split gap is 53 mm. The A uniformity better than 10 ppm in a 10 mm DSV will be achieved at a themagnetic field of 34.0 T in a backup field of 14 T. This eimprovement in uniformity, in conjuncllaboration with theimprovements of the DC power supply already in progress at the TML, will make it possible to expand the application fields of the HM of the TML.


A systematic investigation about the strain distributions around the InAs/GaAs quantum dots using the finite element method is presented. A special attention is paid to influence of an In0.2Ga0.8 As strain reducing layer. The numerical results show that the horizontal- and vertical-strain components and the biaxial strain are reinforced in the InAs quantum dot due to the strain-reducing layer. However, the hydrostatic strain in the quantum dot is reduced. In the framework of eight-band k · p theory, we study the band edge modifications due to the presence of a strain reducing layer. The results demonstrate that the strain reducing layer yields the decreasing band gap, i.e., the redshift phenomenon is observed in experiments. Our calculated results show that degree of the redshift will increase with the increasing thickness of the strain-reducing layer. The calculated results can explain the experimental results in the literature, and further confirm that the long wavelength emission used for optical fibre communication is realizable by adjusting the dependent parameters. However, based on the calculated electronic and heavy-hole wave function distributions, we find that the intensity of photoluminescence will exhibits some variations with the increasing thickness of the strain-reducing layer.


Research on aircraft‐generated sonic booms has led to the development of special techniques to generate controlled sonic‐boom‐type disturbances without the complications and expense of supersonic flight operations. This paper contains brief descriptions of several of these techniques along with the significant hardware items involved and indicates the advantages and disadvantages of each in research applications. Included are wind tunnels, ballistic ranges, spark discharges, piston phones, shock tubes, high‐speed valve systems, and shaped explosive charges. Specialized applications include sonic‐boom generation and propagation studies and the responses of structures, terrain, people, and animals. Situations for which simulators are applicable are shown to include both small‐scale and large‐scale laboratory tests and full‐scale field tests. Although no one approach to simulation is ideal, the various techniques available generally complement each other to provide desired capability for a broad range of son...


Archaeologists began to participate in cross-disciplinary endeavors in the 1930's, albeit on a very limited basis. The passage of time found members of that discipline unprepared for collaboration with physical scientists when W F Libby announced the development of the radiocarbon dating method. Libby proposed to apply to archeologic and geologic samples techniques based on ideas that were completely foreign to archeology …. The initial reactions of archeologists were sometimes amusing but more often significant, for they led to the foundation and emergence of the radiocarbon chronology that has so profoundly affected our understanding of prehistory (Johnson, 1967, p 165). To date, our historical knowledge about the nature, function, and impact of the early (1946-1948) relations between Libby and American archaeologists has come to us in the form of published anecdotes, many of which contain inaccurate information. The author's access to W F Libby's private 14C correspondence, combined with data obtained from interviews with some of the principal participants throughout this period, offers many new or different insights into the nascent years of radiocarbon dating. When, and under what unexpected cricumstances, did Libby first encounter representatives of the achaeologic community? What strategies were employed to facilitate diffusion of knowledge about 14C dating across disciplinary boundaries? How did archaeologists respond to the introduction or "intrusion" into their field of Libby's radioactive age-measurement tool?


Face is the major part of the human which provides the identi_cation of the person. With the help of characteristics of the face, the face recognition system can be implemented. In traditional attendance system, the teachers call student and mark according to present and absent. These traditional techniques are time-consuming. In this
paper, the smart machine learning based face recognition approach has been proposed. The database is created by capturing the faces of the authorized students. The face is detected using deep learning based approach. The cropped images then stored as a database with respective labels. The features are extracted using PCA algorithm and classi_ed using SVM and KNN. The proposed approach achieves the recognition rate of 98% for SVM and 92% for KNN algorithm. The proposed system is implemented in real time using Raspberry pi 3 board.


Background: One in 3 people with diabetes (88% with type 2 diabetes [T2D]) do not take insulin as recommended an average ∼3.3 days per month. Insulin omission (IO) is associated with suboptimal A1c. Reasons for IO are multifactorial (e.g., cost, fear, stigma). Unclear are what matters most for reducing IO and improving A1c. Objective: We assessed 10 reasons for IO among a national sample of people with T2D, and identified reasons that, if addressed, might improve A1c. Methods: Adults (age 18-75 years) with T2D self-selected to be in a randomized control trial comparing inhalable, ultra-rapid-acting insulin (Afrezza) with One Drop's digital therapeutics solution vs. injectable, rapid-acting insulin with One Drop. A HIPAA protected, online survey screened potential participants. Eligible persons completed a baseline survey and NGSP certified A1c test. Survey items collected demographics, reasons for IO, and responses to the ARMS-D and SDSCA-IS to assess IO. We used SPSS v25 for psychometric, descriptive, and multivariate statistics, and PROCESS v3 for unadjusted and adjusted mediation models with bootstrapped (10K) CIs. Results: Participants (N=269) were 50±11 years old, 51% male, 30% non-white, 90% insured, with 13±8 years since a T2D diagnosis, and A1c 8.8%±1.8%. ARMS-D insulin had internal consistency reliability (α=.82), and convergent validity with SDSCA-IS (rho=.46, p β =.39, p . Discussion: Cost, disruption, fear, and burnout were associated with IO, and higher A1c through IO. Given time and resources constraints, clinic visits and self-care interventions must prioritize and address modifiable factors contributing to both non-adherence and higher A1c. Such efforts may be more effective than other approaches. Disclosure C.Y. Osborn: Employee; Self; One Drop. Research Support; Self; MannKind Corporation. Stock/Shareholder; Self; One Drop. L.E. Sears: Employee; Self; Informed Data Systems Inc.. Research Support; Self; MannKind Corporation. A. Hirsch: Employee; Self; One Drop. Research Support; Self; MannKind Corporation. J. Raymond: None. M. Heyman: Employee; Self; One Drop. R. Head: None. J. Dachis: Stock/Shareholder; Self; One Drop. Board Member; Self; One Drop. Employee; Self; One Drop.


AIMS
The purpose was to determine the exposure-response relationship of everolimus in patients with angiomyolipoma from the EXIST-2 trial and to analyze the correlation between exposure and plasma concentrations of angiogenic biomarkers in these patients.

METHODS
One hundred and eighteen patients with angiomyolipoma associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) or sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (sLAM) were randomly assigned 2 : 1 to receive everolimus 10 mg (n = 79) or placebo (n = 39) once daily. Blood samples for determining everolimus concentration were collected at weeks 2, 4, 12, 24 and 48 during double-blind treatment. Plasma samples for biomarker analysis were collected at baseline and weeks 4, 12, 24, 36, 48 and at the end of treatment. Concentrations of eight angiogenic biomarkers associated with tumour growth were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTS
Peak and trough concentrations of everolimus in blood remained stable over time and similar to those reported in other indications. Substantial pharmacodynamic effects were observed in the everolimus, but not placebo, arm for three biomarkers: After 24 weeks of treatment, reduction of vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) and collagen type IV (COL-IV) (mean fold-changes with 95% confidence intervals [CI] were 0.36 [0.33, 0.40], and 0.54 [0.51, 0.57], respectively, P < 0.001 for both), along with increased VEGF-A (mean fold-change of 1.59 [1.39, 1.80], P < 0.001), were seen. Furthermore, baseline VEGF-D and COL-IV levels were associated with angiomyolipoma size at baseline and with angiomyolipoma response to everolimus.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that plasma angiogenic markers may provide an objective measure of patient response to everolimus.


Aim The objective of this study was to define the patient demographics, periprocedural characteristics and mid to long term outcomes associated with rotational atherectomy in modern clinical practice in Ireland. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent rotational atherectomy in two Irish centres. Data on all patients was collected from the electronic patient records system. Baseline characteristics were collected for all patients. This included demographic and procedural characteristics. Demographic characteristics included age, co-morbidities, medications and presentation. Long term follow up was obtained at 3 and 12 months to assess clinical response. NYHA functional class and CCS angina scores were evaluated at 3 months and 12 months post procedure. 66 cases were identified over the study period and a database of patients was produced. Results 66% of patients were male. Mean age was 72±8.12 years (Range 54–86 years). 90.6% of our patients were hypertensive, 32.3% were diabetic. 28.33% had CKD and 96.88% had hypercholesterolaemia. 44% were current smokers, 35.6% never smokers and 20.33% ex-smokers. Mean weight was 79.66±17.67 kg (Range 42.6–124 kg) and mean creatinine was 104.77±70.03 (Range 56–398). 40.6% of patients had previous PCI, 31.25% had previous failed attempts at PCI and 15.625% had previously had coronary artery bypass grafting. 98.5% of patients were on Aspirin and 92.3% were on a second antiplatelet agent. Periprocedural complications were detailed for all procedures based on pre-specified criteria. The most common complications reported were coronary artery dissection (9.09%) and bleeding (9.2%). 2 patients required dialysis post procedure (3.03%), 1 patient required emergency CABG (1.5%) and 1 patient suffered cardiac death (1.5%). Coronary artery rupture and cardiac tamponade did not occur in any cases. We also analysed for any association between outcomes and categorical variables. These included burr size, femoral vs radial access and age (Over/Under 75). We found no statistically significant difference between complication rates between cases with burr size 1.25 mm and cases using burr size of over 1.25 mm (18.4% vs 10%, p=0.33). Similarly complication rates were not significantly different for radial versus femoral access (23.5% vs 23.9%, p=0.974) and age over/under 75 (17.8% vs 28%, p=0.900919) Patients were assessed at 3 months and 12 months to assess clinical status post rotational atherectomy. Canadian cardiovascular society grading of angina pectoris and New York heart association functional scores were utilised. Mean CCS score at 3 months was 0.26±0.77 (Range 0–3) and this persisted out until 12 months (0.25±0.657). NYHA score at 3 months was 0.5±0.993 and again, this persisted until 12 months (0.457±0.816), indicating that the clinical benefit of rotational atherectomy is maintained until 1 year post procedure. Conclusions Whilst less commonly used in modern day intervention, rotational atherectomy still has a role in the drug eluting stent era to modify heavily calcified plaque. The risk of MACEs remains higher than conventional PCI, reflecting the complexity of the disease and increased procedural technical difficulty.


Polarization phenomena in a metal-semiconductor-metal (M-S-M) structure of metallic Schottky contacts deposited on CdZnTe radiation detectors were studied. We evaluate the distribution of the electric field along the biased M-S-M structure by Pockels measurements. The results show that almost all the electric field is developed across the depletion layer of the reverse-biased contact. The noise measurements of the CdZnTe detectors studied show that the dominant noise is 1/fm noise. The 1/fm noise, with the parameter m close to one, is present at frequencies below 100 Hz and its bandwidth decreases in the course of the polarization process. At higher frequencies, we observed an increase of the m parameter to 2, which indicates a strengthened effect of the generation-recombination processes. In the frequency band of dominating 1/fm = 1 noise, the increase of magnitude of the noise spectral density was proportional to the power of 6, in relation to the current through the detector. This high value is explained as a result of a screening effect of the space charge buildup during the polarization.


Scientific advances over the last 20 years have enabled us to monitor the respiratory status of our patients beyond the age-old methods taught in physical diagnosis. It is now possible to measure almost every parameter of ventilation, oxygen transport, and CO2 transport, thus enhancing patient safety and patient care.


A new neuronal model of classical conditioning is proposed. The model, called the delay-producing connections (or DPC) model, is an extension of Klopf's (1988) drive-reinforcement model and Sutton and Barto's (1981) model. The DPC model makes two contributions: lt represents the trace of each conditioned stimulus (CS) by a differential equation; and it replaces each CS in the activation rule by its CS trace, which is assumed to be equal to the CS eligibility. The DPC model reproduces the usual shape of a conditioned response, the curve of efficacy of conditioning as a function of the interstimulus interval (ISI), the dependence of the optimal ISI on CS duration, the extinction of a conditioned response [even for long-lasting CSs as opposed to Klopf's (1988) model], and several other properties of classical conditioning.


BACKGROUND
A substantial proportion of patients undergoing heart catheterization for suspected coronary artery disease have normal angiograms. Coronary morphology and blood flow velocity can be assessed very accurately with intracoronary ultrasound and Doppler. The purpose of this study was to use both methods to classify further patients with suspected coronary artery disease but with coronary angiograms adjudged normal at the time.

METHODS AND RESULTS
In forty-four patients with suspected coronary artery disease and normal coronary angiograms, intracoronary ultrasound and intracoronary Doppler were performed in the left anterior descending and left main coronary arteries. Coronary flow reserve was obtained by calculating the ratio of the maximal coronary flow mean velocity after the intracoronary administration of 10 mg papaverine to the coronary flow mean velocity at rest. Of 44 patients, 16 (36%) (group I) were found to have normal coronary morphology by intracoronary ultrasound and normal (> 3.0) coronary flow reserve (5.3 +/- 1.8). In seven patients (16%) (group II) there were normal intracoronary ultrasonic findings but a reduced coronary flow reserve (2.1 +/- 0.4). Plaque formation was found in a total of 21 (48%) of the 44 patients; mean plaque sizes were 3.6 +/- 1.6 mm2 for those in group III (normal coronary flow reserve) and 5.0 +/- 2.3 mm2 for those in group IV (reduced coronary flow reserve). Vessel area in both of these groups (16.3 +/- 8.0 mm2 and 19.2 +/- 6.1 mm2) was significantly larger than that of group I (14.6 +/- 5.7 mm2, P < 0.01). Plaque calcification was found in 25% of those in group III and 44% of those in group IV. Thus, only 36% of the patients with normal angiograms were true normal, 48% exhibited early stage of coronary atherosclerosis, and the other 16% might be considered as syndrome X.

CONCLUSION
Intracoronary ultrasound and Doppler can be used to differentiate further heart disease in patients with normal coronary angiograms. Only a minority were true normal. Early signs of atherosclerosis cannot be detected by coronary angiography. This may have important therapeutic and prognostic implications.


Cutaneous nerves are increased in atopic dermatitis, and itch is a prominent symptom. We studied the functional interactions between eosinophils and nerves in human and mouse skin and in culture. We demonstrated that human atopic dermatitis skin has eosinophil granule proteins present in the same region as increased nerves. Transgenic mice in which interleukin-5 (IL-5) expression is driven by a keratin-14 (K14) promoter had many eosinophils in the epidermis, and the number of nerves was also significantly increased in the epidermis. In co-cultures, eosinophils dramatically increased branching of sensory neurons isolated from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of mice. This effect did not occur in DRG neurons co-cultured with mast cells or with dead eosinophils. Physical contact of the eosinophils with the neurons was not required, and the effect was not blocked by an antibody to nerve growth factor. DRG neurons express eotaxin-1, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, which may be important in the recruitment, binding, and activation of eosinophils in the region of cutaneous nerves. These data indicate a pathophysiological role for eosinophils in cutaneous nerve growth in atopic dermatitis, and suggest they may present a therapeutic target in atopic dermatitis and other eosinophilic skin conditions with neuronal symptoms such as itch.


This, then, is what it has been all about. Today I mark the end of an academic career that ranged over 45 years. 1952 was the starting point. In that year, as a medical student, I was accepted as a research assistent by Prof. G.G.J. Rademaker, a neurophysiologist and at the time head of the Department of Neurology at the Academic Hospital in Leiden. The neurological research period was followed by a mycological one. Having received my MD degree and doing my military service, I was asked to carry out a study into the prevalence, prevention and treatment of mycological infections in military personel. For this reason I worked for more than 1, 5 years in Baarn at the section Medical Mycology of the Phytopathological Laboratory, an interacademic institution of the Universities of Amsterdam and Utrecht (1956-1958). Immediately after the military service I became a resident in psychiatry and started – together with the biochemist Prof. B. Leijnse – a research program into the biological determinants of depression. The period of psychiatric investigation lasted until this very day, albeit in different locations, i.e. Rotterdam, Groningen, Utrecht, New York and Maastricht respectively.


Objective: This paper aims to compare the sensitivity of multimodal cognitive workload measures for classifying a driver's cognitive demand level from on-road experimental data. The measurement domains consist of driving performance, physiological arousal and eye behavioral change. Method: subjects (15 males in the 25-35 age range (M=27.9, SD=3.13)), experimental setup (an instrumented vehicle which consists of six video cameras, driving data logger, gaze tracker, and physiological measurement systems), procedure (20 minutes of driving exercise on a urban road and another 20 minutes of highway driving on 36km of highway), cognitive load (N-back task, an auditory delayed digit recall task was used to create periods of cognitive demand at three distinct levels), rating of driving workload (rating subjective driving workload after watching the experimental video clips by 4 different reviewers). Result: Potential measures of driver's cognitive workload are suggested to estimate drivers' cognitive demand level. It is expected that these measures can be used for evaluating the design of in-vehicle interface objectively.


Although paramutation has been well-studied at a few hallmark loci involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in maize, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the phenomenon remain largely unknown. Previously described actors of paramutation encode components of the RNA-directed DNA-methylation (RdDM) pathway that participate in the biogenesis of 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (24-nt siRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs. In this study, we uncover an ARGONAUTE (AGO) protein as an effector of the RdDM pathway that is in charge of guiding 24-nt siRNAs to their DNA target to create de novo DNA methylation. We combined immunoprecipitation, small RNA sequencing and reverse genetics to, first, validate AGO104 as a member of the RdDM effector complex and, then, investigate its role in paramutation. We found that AGO104 binds 24-nt siRNAs involved in RdDM, including those required for paramutation at the b1 locus. We also show that the ago104-5 mutation causes a partial reversion of the paramutation phenotype at the b1 locus, revealed by intermediate pigmentation levels in stem tissues. Therefore, our results place AGO104 as a new member of the RdDM effector complex that plays a role in paramutation at the b1 locus in maize.


Concern over the rising cost of health care has created a trend toward outpatient surgery. Because adenotonsillectomy is such a frequently performed procedure, there is pressure on many otolaryngologists to do this operation on an ambulatory basis. A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence and severity of postoperative hemorrhage, protracted emesis, and fever at specified times within the first 24 hours after surgery. Over a 1-year period, 1000 tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy patients were studied. There was a 2.1% incidence of serious complications within the first 6 postoperative hours. The incidence of serious hemorrhage, fever, and protracted emesis was 0.7% each. The incidence of significant complications between the 6th and 24th postoperative hours was 1.7%. Hemorrhage occurred in 0.4% of the patients, fever in 0.7%, and protracted emesis in 0.6%. The total incidence of hemorrhage during this time period was 1.1%. There were no deaths. The greatest percentage of complications occurred within the first 6 postoperative hours. Based on this study, outpatient tonsil and adenoid surgery should be followed by at least 6 hours of postoperative observation before discharge. The choice to perform ambulatory tonsil and adenoid surgery depends on the professional judgment of the operating physician based on this and other recent studies, the sophistication of the physician's ambulatory surgery center, and the medical and social background of the patient.


We present a novel region based active learning method for semantic image segmentation, called MetaBox+. For acquisition, we train a meta regression model to estimate the segment-wise Intersection over Union (IoU) of each predicted segment of unlabeled images. This can be understood as an estimation of segment-wise prediction quality. Queried regions are supposed to minimize to competing targets, i.e., low predicted IoU values / segmentation quality and low estimated annotation costs. For estimating the latter we propose a simple but practical method for annotation cost estimation. We compare our method to entropy based methods, where we consider the entropy as uncertainty of the prediction. The comparison and analysis of the results provide insights into annotation costs as well as robustness and variance of the methods. Numerical experiments conducted with two different networks on the Cityscapes dataset clearly demonstrate a reduction of annotation effort compared to random acquisition. Noteworthily, we achieve 95%of the mean Intersection over Union (mIoU), using MetaBox+ compared to when training with the full dataset, with only 10.47% / 32.01% annotation effort for the two networks, respectively.


This paper describes a theoretical and experimental study of [Leu]enkephalin conformations with respect to the quantum states of the atomic structure of the peptide. Results from vibrational absorption measurements and quantum calculations are used to outline a quantum picture and to assign vibrational modes to the different conformations. The energy landscape of the conformations is reported as a function of a Hamming distance in Ramachandran space. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal a pronounced stability of the so-called single-bend low-energy conformation, which supports the derived quantum picture of this peptide.


This paper divides economic institutions into three categories—coor- dination institutions, property rights institutions, and contracting institutions— and from this perspective, analyzes the role of government in Korea's economic development from the 1960s to the 1980s. This analysis suggests that the Korean development experience is not in line with the conclusions of Acemoglu, Johnson, and Robinson (2001), since property rights institutions did not play a significant role in Korea's economic development. Instead, the Korean government acted as coordination institutions, which effectively overcame the coordination failure of the market and succeeded in generating effective demand to spur sustainable growth. These results invite further comparative and empirical studies on how Korea came to have a dictator whose goal was consistent with the economic growth of the nation.


The design and layout of a prototype single precision systolic floating-point processing element (PE) is described. It is intended for use in a class of systolic array processors which perform matrix computations. Each PE is constructed from a digit-serial systolic ring of four programmable cells and performs floating-point multiplication and accumulation. A single PE has been fabricated in a 0.8 /spl mu/m gallium arsenide E/D MESFET process and has a maximum clock speed of 300 MHz. The chip can be configured into a 16/spl times/16 array to achieve a peak computation rate of 2.5 GFLOPS.


Batbitim marine conservation area (MCA) of Misool, Raja Ampat has been set as an area that is prohibited for fishing activities since 2005. The only activities allowed in that area are tourism and research activities. The difference in the management status between area inside the Batbitim MCA and outside the MCA might affect ecosystem components such as fish and coral reef in the respective area. The present study aims to investigate the ecological status of target fishes in the two areas. Data were collected by using an underwater visual census at 5 sites, in which at each site 3 transects were placed. Collected data are then used to assess ecological indices for the target fishes. It is found that there were 38 species of target fish belonging to 13 families. The diversity index of Shannon was found to be in the range between 0.99 (inside MCA) to 1.67 (outside MCA) and dominance index ranged between 0.26 (outside MCA) and 0.61(inside MCA). The abundance of individual target fish in each location varies between 960 ind ha−1 (outside MCA) and 9413 ind.ha−1 (inside MCA). Those results indicate that there is a discrepancy between the ecological status of the target fish at locations inside and outside the MCA.


Time synchronization of Substation Automation System (SAS) based on IEC61850 is studied in this paper. According to the request of time synchronization in SAS, the Network Time Protocol (NTP) is applied to SAS. Following the idea that the time offset is essentially caused by the frequency of clock itself so that it can be used for time synchronization with little or no additional cost, a new algorithm is presented, which adopts statistical technique to adjust the system clock frequency. The experimental results show that our algorithm has good performance to reduce the access frequency of time server and smooth time curves as well as meet the requirement of time synchronization in substation level.


Traditional supervised band selection (BS) methods mainly consider reducing the spectral redundancy to improve hyperspectral imagery (HSI) classification with class labels and pairwise constraints. A key observation is that pixels spatially close to each other in HSI have probably the same signature, while pixels further away from each other in the space have a high probability of belonging to different classes. In this paper, we propose a novel discriminative feature metric-based affinity propagation (DFM-AP) technique where the spectral and the spatial relationships among pixels are constructed by a new type of discriminative constraint. This discriminative constraint involves chunklet and discriminative information, which are introduced into the BS process. The chunklet information allows for grouping of spectrally-close and spatially-close pixels together without requiring explicit knowledge of their class labels, while discriminative information provides important separability information. A discriminative feature metric (DFM) is proposed with the discriminative constraints modeled in terms of an optimal criterion for identifying an efficient distance metric learning method, which involves discriminative component analysis (DCA). Following this, the representative subset of bands can be identified by means of an exemplar-based clustering algorithm, which is also known as the process of affinity propagation. Experimental results show that the proposed approach yields a better performance in comparison with several representative class label and pairwise constraint-based BS algorithms. The proposed DFM-AP improves the classification performance with discriminative constraints by selecting highly discriminative bands with low redundancy.


Focal Tc-99m MDP uptake on bone scanning in regions of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is reported in two patients with documented DVT. It is speculated that this uptake may be related to localized calcification or ossification, which is occasionally observed on radiographs of patients with chronic DVT.


Convection Current Circulation System(CCCS) in stratified reservoir controls development of anaerobic condition and algal bloom during summer. In order to increase the CCCS effectiveness, we analyze diverse design parameters to make optimize the flow pattern in reservoir. In this study, we interpret the internal flow with installation and operation condition of CCCS based on CFD in reservoir. Design variables of CCCS is reservoir depth, stratification strength, distance of between CCCS and so on. Since reservoir depth and stratification strength in variables is depending on natural phenomenon, we evaluated current circulation effect by distance of CCCS and proposed the optimal design condition using CFD simulation. Flow and diffusion changes in water body was assessed by temperature and dye test. Changes in water floor temperature at 40m intervals was slowly descending over 37 hours. Dye diffusion simulation at 60m intervals, the radius of the spread between two devices were overlapped after 12 hours.


Human thoughts consists of of a massive variety of interconnected neurons. The examples of collaboration among those neurons are spoken to as issues and enthusiastic states. As indicated through way of the human contemplations, this example will change which thusly produce particular electric powered waves. A muscle compression will likewise create a one in every of a kind electrical sign. a variety of these electric powered waves will be detected by way of the cerebrum wave sensor and it'll change over the records into parcels and transmit thru Bluetooth medium.Level analyzer unit (LAU) gets the thoughts wave crude records and it's going to listen and device the signal using MATLAB level that's seemed in data getting ready unit. At that factor the manage directions may be transmitted to the robotic it truly is the assistive robotic. With this whole framework, we are able to drift a robotic as consistent with the imparting instructions to the robot and it very well can be have become by means of squint problems and it has an inclination to be grew to become by flicker muscle constriction. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the estimation of electrical motion inside the residing mind. in this assignment we applied a brainwave sensor to dissect the EEG alerts . This plan speak about making geared up and recording the crude EEG signal from the thoughts Wave sensor within the MATLAB situation and through WIFI transmission control recommendations can be exceeded to the robotic section. thoughts wave sensors are not utilized in clinical use, however are applied inside the thoughts Brain Control Interface (BCI). The BCI is a prompt correspondence pathway among the cerebrum and an outside framework to offer direct correspondence and control between the human personality and substantial gadgets through disentangling various instances of cerebrum movement into guidelines step by step . This endeavor works of art fuses of a Processor utilizing cerebrum wave sensor and arranged unit block prominence unit as device parts and a fruitful musings signal system utilizing Matlab organize. directly, the proprietor wants to test whether the automated move or never again. on the off hazard that he's a now not strolling, by then the automated will obviously start. Be that as it can, at the off risk that he's ordinary mode, by then the vehicle will run and there's no notice. while the vehicle got gleaming request it will prevent at any rate the spot. what's more, if the owner wants to move the car he has a need to come ordinary mode. this can keep a key good ways from the improvement sooner or later of up close and personal. The present day system isn't having any faraway control leisure activity. depend upon others to work and No muscle withdrawal identifying and the proposed structure is having the mind wave examination for the sign which can be taken from the human cerebrum as appeared in the rectangular chart, is having controlling of the mechanical utilizing Human thoughts, Self


The study aims to elucidate the processes that caused the deposition of a unique fine-grained sediment layer at the onset of the last deglacial basically along the western Svalbard margin and the western Yermak Plateau. Grain-size analyses of 11 sediment cores west and north off Svalbard and the Yermak Plateau reveal an exceptionally fine-grained sediment layer that was deposited within a relatively short period of ~300 years during the Bolling interstadial. The layer was found in cores located below the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) that conveys Atlantic (AW) and mixed water masses northwards along the continental slope. The mixed waters are underlain by Norwegian Sea Deep Water (NSDW, water depth > 1000 m). North of Svalbard the upper 500 m (sill depth) branch off and flow in easterly direction to form the Svalbard Branch of the WSC. Further north the Yermak Slope Current (YSC, water depth: 1000 to 1500 m) advects NSDW towards the Arctic Ocean where it quickly loses its signature north of the Yermak Plateau. The studied fine-grained layer reveals a sortable-silt mean grain size of 15 to 20 µm. The fineness of this layer is basically the result of a coarse-silt subpopulation between 36 and 63 µm that is absent in this layer but present throughout most of the cores. As yet the sediment layer was found in 32 sediment cores (mostly published data) from ~75°N to ~82°N at water depths ranging from ~300 m (Kveithola) to 1880 m (Yermak slope) south, west and north of Svalbard. Very low magnetic susceptibility, a distinct decrease in Ca-ratios and slightly increased Ti-ratios are further key characteristics for the investigated layer (XRF analyses of 4 cores). AMS age determinations of another 4 cores show a doubled to ten-fold increased sedimentation rate for the period of deposition of this layer. The greatest thickness of the fine-grained layer appears in sediment cores from ~1400 to ~1500 m water depth and decreases in cores deeper than ~1600 m and cores shallower than ~1100 m water depth (except for Kveithola), respectively. Thus, the fine-grained material was transported northwards in a relatively narrow strip along the western Svalbard and Yermak slopes. The distribution and thickness of the investigated sediment layer can be linked to both, the rapid melting of the Svalbard and the Barents Sea ice sheets in response to the intense warming at the onset of the Bolling period. Since Kveithola trough is assumed to be fully deglaciated since 14.7 cal. years BP a sediment source in the adjacent Barents Sea as well as from local fjords of Spitsbergen is likely.

Reference for the oceanographic information: Schlichtholz and Houssais, 1999.


The proposition "We are all archaeologists now", appears to equate public interest in the past with the practice, theory and method of archaeology. To argue that this is not the case is not to adopt an elitist position but rather to consider the complexities of such a statement. The importance of public involvement in archaeology is acknowledged as both supporting, broadening and democratising the profession and the discussion of past lives and cultures. However, the limitations of generalised archaeological presentations, particularly as often presented in the general media is highlighted, noting that the ethical dimensions of archaeological practice is often ignored in favour of a methodological focus and attached with western bias. The application of an Australian context questions both the applicability and indeed relevance of the proposition to Traditional Owners for whom archaeological approaches may be viewed through the prism of past western cultural treatment and exploitation. Consequently the use of 'we' as an inclusive term is debatable within this contested cultural dimension. The limits of a general Australian public engagement and interest in Indigenous archaeology further undermines the proposition, although the potential for archaeology to play a positive ongoing role in promoting and supporting a reconciliation of these issues of understanding in collaboration with Traditional Owners is advocated. We may not all be archaeologists then, but we all have a stake in and role to play for a greater mutual understanding of the past and its effects on the present, with a view to the preservation of our collective cultural heritage.


The effect of carbenoxolone on the healing of gastric ulcer and erosions was compared with that of placebo. The series consisted of 20 patients with chronic gastric ulcers and 20 patients with superficial erosions of the stomach. The diagnosis as well as the follow-up of the lesions were based on gastroscopic examinations. The ulcers were measured gastroscopically. A double-blind method was used. Besides carbenoxolone 50 mg or placebo three times daily, all the patients received antacids in fixed dosage for six weeks. Subjective symptoms and cardiovascular side-effects were recorded. Maximal acid output and serum gastrin levels were measured before and after the treatment. No difference was seen between carbenoxolone and placebo groups with regard to the healing rate of the ulcers of disappearance of the erosions. The subjective symptoms subsided significantly faster in the treatment groups than in the control groups. No cardiovascular side-effects were evident during the treatment with carbenoxolone. One patient needed potassium supplements. Carbenoxolone had no effect on the pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion nor on the serum gastrin values.


Second malignant neoplasms are a serious complication after successful treatment of childhood ALL. Although treatment intensity and outcome were not comparable, with improvements in survival, it is important to evaluate the rate and the type of second neoplasms in adults with ALL. We analyzed the data from the GET-LALA group. A cohort of 1493 patients, aged 15 to 60 years and enrolled on two successive multicenter protocols between 1987 and 2002, was observed to determine the incidence of second neoplasms and associated risk factors. The median follow-up time from diagnosis was 6 years. By February 2005, secondary or concomitant neoplasms were documented in 23 patients (median age: 36 years, range:18–57) including 9 acute myeloid leukemias, 4 non Hodgkin lymphomas, 5 skin tumors, and 5 other solid tumors (1 lung cancer, 1 tongue carcinoma, 1 thymoma, 1 condrosarcoma, 1 histiocytosis). Neoplasms developed 0.5 to 13.8 years (median, 4.5 years) after the diagnosis of ALL. 22 patients were in first remission, one was in second remission. The overall cumulative risk of secondary neoplasms was 2.1% at 5 years, 4.9% at 10 years, 9.4% at 15 years. The cumulative risk of developing a second hematologic malignancy was 1.8% at 5 years, 2.2% at 10 years, 3.3% at 18 years; that of developing a solid tumor was 0.2% at 5 years, 2.8% at 10 years, 6.2% at 15 years. The development of secondary neoplasm was not associated with the use of any specific cytotoxic agent. However, risk of skin tumor increased with radiation dose and transplantation (p = 0.01). Overall survival after the diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm was 55% at 10 years. However, the median overall survival in patients developing acute myeloid leukemia was of 5.7 months. Considering the low-survival rate of this large unselected adult ALL cohort (32% at 10 years), considering the poorer results comparing to childhood ALL treatment, the risk of secondary or concomitant neoplasm remains probably under estimated. Larger series with long-term follow-up are, however, mandatory.

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 [1]: pending:yes


An electron positron linear collider with a center-of-mass energy between 0.5 and 1 TeV is recognized as an important complement to the physics program of the LHC. The Next Linear Collider (NLC) is being designed by a US collaboration (FNAL, LBNL, LLNL, and SLAC) which is working closely with the Japanese collaboration that is designing the Japanese Linear Collider (JLC). The NLC/JLC main linacs are based on normal conducting 11 GHz rf. This paper will discuss the status of the NLC design. Results from the ongoing R & D programs, including the recently uncovered high gradient damage problem, will be discussed along with changes to the optical design and collider layout which were made to enhance the collider capabilities.


Abstract : This thesis examines the formation of Ukrainian national identity. The formation of this national identity will determine the pace and direction of Ukrainian modernization and unfolds in concert with the unification of Europe: the further progress of NATO enlargement and the revival of Russian nationalism at the end of the first decade of this century. The Ukrainian process is logically suggested by the country's neighbor: Poland. In the Polish model since 1989, national identity and a leading role in a uniting Europe sped the pace of reform. Modern-day Ukraine has all the attributes of a state except a consolidated national identity. The primary internal reasons for the lack of national identity are the interpretations of the history of the Ukrainian people, ethnic composition, and regional loyalties. Furthermore, the interference of Russia on ethnic, linguistic, regional, and economic levels exacerbates the present divisions in Ukrainian society. As this thesis reveals, the process of nation-building is intertwined with state-building. The United States and European Union member states have an important stake in the outcome of this process because it will not only significantly shape Ukraine's foreign policy orientation, but also influence the balance of power on Europe's eastern edge.


Glass sponges are predominately deep sea sponges that live in ocean depths of 100-2000m. Beyond their fracture propagation inhibiting material composition, these sponges are perceived to exhibit large structural rigidity and strength against buckling. Since these sponges are primarily made of 'brittle silica', buckling strength may be a crucial property in making them resistant to impact and environmentally applied stresses. Structurally, they exhibit a base square-grid architecture and regular ordering of vertical and horizontal struts that form the skeletal system. Furthermore, their base structure is overlaid with double diagonal reinforcement struts, which create a checkerboard-like pattern of open-closed cell structure. This diagonal reinforcement design is conjectured to give the sponge greater buckling resistance and strength to localized damage then it would experience having a single diagonal reinforcement strut (while allocating the same amount of mass to the diagonal reinforcement.) Analogous to the sponge, many engineering structures, such as buildings and bridges, exhibit diagonal reinforcement struts as a stability mechanism. Based on this similarity, we explore the following research question: Can we generate design principles for diagonal reinforcements of square beam lattices that are optimally designed to avoid global structural buckling? Here, we present a numerical analysis of the structure deformation under various loading conditions as well as survey different arrangements within similar design space of the sponge. Through the various design iterations we look for the critical buckling strain and the elastic load caring capacity. Finally, we compare the results from the sponge design to what is typically used in engineering of structures such as buildings and bridges.


Peal-time search algorithms interleave search with execution in order to accomplish a task ei~ciently. Deciding when to begin execution of the current best action is crucial for creating high a performance r altime search algorithm. This paper explores the question of when to commence execution for an on-line search performed with limited computation. We ex*mine Good's ideslised algorithm for deciding when to begin execution and illustrate some of its llmltations. We then present a revised, idealised algorithm that removes ome of these limitations. The revised algorithm has been used u s basis for an algorithm that makes on-the-fly decisions for a simplified robot courier tuk. Previous empirical results show that this new algorithm outperforms previously used alsorithms. In this paper, we show that the di~erence in performance is bounded by a ratio of two to one. We discuss the situations where this limit is approached and suggest hat overlappins search with execution in these situations is most beneficial.


In this paper, we propose a Modulation Spectrum-based manageable feature set for detection of depressed speech. Modulation Spectrum (MS) is obtained from the conventional speech spectrogram by spectral analysis along the temporal trajectories of the acoustic frequency bins. While MS representation of speech provides rich and high-dimensional joint frequency information, extraction of discriminative features from it remains as an open question. We propose a lower dimensional representation, which first employs a Mel-frequency filterbank in the acoustic frequency domain and Discrete Cosine Transform in the modulation frequency domain, and then applies feature selection in both domains. We compare and fuse the proposed feature set with other complementary prosodic and spectral features at the feature and decision levels. In our experiments, we use Support Vector Machines for discriminating the depressed speech in a speaker-independent fashion. Feature-level fusion of the proposed MS-based features with other prosodic and spectral features after dimension reduction provides up to ~9% improvement over the baseline results and also correlates the most with clinical ratings of patients' depression level.


Abstract : An anthropometric survey of U. S. Army women was conducted during the winter of 1976-1977--the first such survey in 30 years. The survey was planned and carried out in response to the need for current and comprehensive body size and strength data for the women who make up an increasingly large part of the U. S. Army. The main purpose of the survey was to obtain and develop statistical data on body size, workspace parameters, and static muscle strength of U. S. Army women. During the survey, data were obtained on 128 conventional body size dimensions, 14 workspace dimensions, and 9 static strength measurements. Many of the measurements made had not been previously reported for any large-scale survey of women, military or civilian. Other measurements were selected to supplement and complement data already available to provide up-to-date information for use in the design of clothing, protective equipment, workspace and industrial equipment which women in the Army wear, use, operate, or within which they work. This, the first of a series of reports dealing with this survey, describes the methodology used in the conduct of the survey. Included here are an outline of the survey design, a listing of the landmarks used in defining the dimensions to be measured and detailed descriptions of the procedures used in making each measurement. Measurement techniques used in previous large-scale anthropometric surveys of women also are listed here. Thus this report, in addition to reporting the methodology of the present survey, constitutes a comprehensive source book of anthropometric techniques for use with women.


Cardiac tumors are a rare disease in clinical practice. Two patients with primary cardiac malignancies were admitted to our hospital from May 2020 to July 2020. The first patient's heart tumor is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which originated in the right atrium and invaded part of the right atrium and superior vena cava. The tumor was completely removed and the right atrium and superior vena cava were reconstructed after surgery. The prognosis of the patients after chemotherapy is fair. The second patient's tumor also originated in the right atrium, which was an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, it was highly malignant and had a wide range of tumor invasion. The right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, aortic root, and superior and inferior vena cava were all involved and could not be completely surgically removed, so the patient's prognosis is poor.


Abstract There is a dearth of literature on health outcomes for Black people who identify as deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). Black DHH individuals generally experience at least 2 types of oppression, racism and audism, both of which contribute to health disparities within the Black and Deaf communities. To understand the prevalence of health outcomes in a Black DHH adult sample and compare this to a Black hearing sample. A descriptive cross-sectional study with primary Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)- American Sign Language survey data from Black DHH adults and secondary National Cancer Institute-HINTS English survey data from Black hearing adults. Black DHH adults and Black hearing adults (18 years or older). Using NCI's health information national trends survey in American Sign Language and English, self-reported data was gathered for all medical conditions as diagnosed by healthcare providers. The study showed that Black DHH adults had a higher likelihood for diabetes, hypertension, lung disease, cancer, and comorbidity compared to their hearing Black counterparts. Black DHH adults are at disparity for certain medical conditions compared to the general Black adult population. Future directions are needed to ensure that anti-racist policies include consideration of people with sensory disabilities. Inclusion of cultural and language needs of Black DHH patients in cultural humility training for healthcare providers is recommended to address health disparity in this population.