Diagnosis is based on four sitting duplicate blood pressure measurements and confirmed by self- measurements or ambulatory monitoring.To reduce the overall cardiovascular risk, lifestyle-guidance is delivered. Drug treatment is initiated, if 1) the systolic pressure is at least 140 or diastolic at least 90 mmHg, and 2) home-measured or daytime ambulatory systolic pressure is at least 135 or diastolic at least 85 mmHg. The general goal is systolic/diastolic pressure below 140/90 mmHg. The goal is higher for the elderly and lower for patients with diabetes, kidney disease and albuminuria. Combination drug treatment is often needed.


How to create a computer science partnership with an elementary school. The presenters discuss the various aspects and challenges of implementing a computer science program at the elementary school level, K-5. Topics to be discussed include where K-5 is now in Georgia, existing programs, curriculum development, pedagogy, funding, infrastructure, teacher training, and involvement of undergraduate computer science students. Audience members will be engaged throughout the presentation with questions and polls during and between topic discussions. The attendees may use their cellphones or laptops to respond to questions. The partnership group will converse about their experiences with diversity and geographic equity in computing. We believe any attendee wishing to do outreach or develop a computer science program at the K-5 level will be interested.


A method is proposed for detecting damage to shear structures by using Support
Vector Machine (SVM) and only the first three natural frequencies of the translational
modes. This method is able to determine the damage location in any story of a
shear building with only two vibration sensors; to obtain modal frequencies, one sensor on the
ground detects an input and the other on the roof detects the output. Based on the
shifts in the first three natural frequencies, damage location indicators are
proposed, and used as new feature vectors for SVM. Simulations of five-story,
nine-story and twenty-one-story shear structures and experiments on a five-story
steel model were used to test the performance of the proposed method.


This study aims to analyze the effect of work discipline and compensation on the performance of employees of PT. Tri Putra Mandiri. This study uses 2 independent variables, namely work discipline and compensation for employee performance. This research uses census method with 35 respondents. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression and simple. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the indicators in this study are valid and reliable. In testing classic assumptions, the regression model is problem-free multicollinearity, does not occur heteroscedasticity, and is normally distributed. The results showed that the work discipline variable had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, and the compensation variable had a positive and significant effect on employee performance. This research is expected to bring benefits to companies, and for academia and for future researchers to be developed by looking at other variables.


Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared light-absorbing substance. Thus, when a tumor in which ICG has accumulated is irradiated with a near-infrared (NIR) laser, only the tumor can be heated by a photothermal reaction. We developed ICG lactosome, a novel drug delivery system (DDS) composed of polymeric micelles and ICG that shows selective accumulation in tumor based on an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. We showed that ICG lactosome accumulated in a tumor by using an intradermal tumor mouse model of a murine colon cancer cell line (Colon26) transfected with Nano lantern luminescent protein (NLC26). Two days after the administration of ICG lactosome, the tumor was irradiated with an 808-nm diode-laser while monitoring tumor temperature. The results showed that the treated tumors were cured when the peak of tumor temperature during NIR irradiation reached 43°C or higher. To verify these results, photothermal therapy (PTT) using ICG lactosome was carried out using a newly developed system that can control the temperature at the NIR irradiation site at a constant level. All of the tumors that had been kept at 43°C during irradiation were cured, while 2 of 5 tumors that had been kept at 42°C were not cured, and none of tumors that had been kept at a temperature below 41°C were cured. ICG lactosome-assisted PTT combined with thermal dosimetry is a highly reliable method for cancer treatment and may afford further clinical opportunities for PTT.


We present a chat bot interface for the Coq proof assistant system. The bot provides a new modality of interaction with Coq that functions across multiple devices and platforms. Our system is particularly suitable for mobile platforms, Android and iOS. The basic architecture of the bot software is reviewed as are the outcomes of several rounds of beta-testing. Potential implications of the system are discussed, such as the possibility of a seamless collaborative proof environment.


Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are attractive for low‐cost and large‐scale energy storage applications, in which graphite is one of the most promising anodes. However, the large size and the high activity of K+ ions and the highly catalytic surface of graphite largely prevent the development of safe and compatible electrolytes. Here, a nonflammable, moderate‐concentration electrolyte is reported that is highly compatible with graphite anodes and that consists of fire‐retardant trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) in a salt/solvent molar ratio of 3:8. It shows unprecedented stability, as evidenced by its 74% capacity retention over 24 months of cycling (over 2000 cycles) at the 0.2 C current rate. Electrolyte structure and surface analyses show that this excellent cycling stability is due to the nearly 100% solvation of TMP molecules with K+ cations and the formation of FSI−‐derived F‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which effectively suppresses the decomposition of the solvent molecules toward the graphite anode. Furthermore, excellent performance on high‐mass loaded graphite electrodes and in a full cell with perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride cathode is demonstrated. This study highlights the importance of the compatibility of both electrolyte and the interface, and offers new opportunities to design the electrolyte–SEI nexus for safe and practical PIBs.


I propose a novel dual-attention model(DAM) for aspect-level sentiment classification. Many methods have been proposed, such as support vector machines for artificial design features, long short-term memory networks based on attention mechanisms, and graph neural networks based on dependency parsing. While these methods all have decent performance, I think they all miss one important piece of syntactic information: dependency labels. Based on this idea, this paper proposes a model using dependency labels for the attention mechanism to do this task. We evaluate the proposed approach on three datasets: laptop and restaurant are from SemEval 2014, and the last one is a twitter dataset. Experimental results show that the dual attention model has good performance on all three datasets.


We present our experiences in using Java as an intermediate language for the high-level programming language Nesl. First, we describe the design and implementation of a system for translating Vcode|the current intermediate language used by Nesl|into Java. Second, we evaluate this translation by comparing the performance of the original Vcode implementation with several variants of the Java implementation. The translator was easy to build, and the generated Java code achieves reasonable performance when using a just-in-time compiler. We conclude that Java is attractive both as a compilation target for rapid prototyping of new programming languages and as a means of improving the portability of existing programming languages. 1


"Ghosts in the nursery." "Visitors from the unremembered past." Fraiberg, Adelson, and Shapiro's (1975) words convey the relational "intruders" that they perceived while working with mothers and infants. A mother's unresolved past is a driving force within the treatment of mother-infant dyads. Working with these families, the therapist strives to process and metabolize the distress of the dyad while enabling the mother to contain the infant more fully. This article proposes that Fraiberg et al.'s metaphor may be newly elaborated utilizing Bion's (1962) original theoretical conceptualization of the "container and contained." He posited that an infant projects distressing affective states upon the mother, who contains the experience, transforms the feelings, and then enables the infant to reintroject a more tolerable experience. This lays the foundation for the relational experience of being known by another and facilitates the infant's development of self-knowledge and emotional regulation. We utilize Fraiberg et al.'s original case material to identify ways in which ghosts in the nursery disrupt the processes of the container and contained. Bion's ideas may help enrich our understanding of how the therapeutic relationship enables cycles of containment, transitioning the material "ghosts" from being contained by the infant to being contained by the therapist, and to ultimately being transformed so that the mother can reattribute them to the past.


The health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples continues to be significantly poorer than Australia's general population. Clearly there is a need for change, hence the renewed interest in transitioning to a community control model for health services as a health intervention. Yet this requires a significant change management process, which is a process developed using Western business philosophies, and may not be applicable for community-controlled services that need to operate within the Aboriginal cultural domain. This paper examines the literature on organisational change management processes, and features of Aboriginal community-controlled health organisations and Aboriginal management styles. It identifies challenges and synergies that can be used to inform more effective transition processes to a community-control model for health services. The findings also highlight the need for a fundamental systems change approach to achieve such major reform agendas through the creation of a "collective responsibility" to achieve the vision for change, utilising participatory change management processes both internally and externally.


lnterspecific crosses between Hevea camargoana and Hes'ea braslilensis were used to obtain good producers of dwaxf ortet progenies of Hevea resistants to SALB. Correlations among yield, total beight, stem diameter, number of leaf flushes, bark thickness, number of latex vessels rings, diameter of latex vesseis rings, density of latex vesseis per mm 2 per ring, and leaf thickness were also studied. Among these nine characters, latex yield was shown to be positively correlated with total height, diameter, baxk thickess, number of latex vesseis rings,density ofvesselsper mm 2 per ring and leaf thickness. Selection of the ortets was based on the occurrence of correlations between yield and yield determining factors. Seven ortets were selected based on yield,bark thickness, stem diameter and latex vesseis ring number. It is supposed that both yield and Microcyclus ulci (P. Henn.) V. Arx, resistance resulting from the combination 11. carnargoana vs Fx 4098 should produce progenies with superior characte.ristics. Testing this hypothesis under graft conditions is recommended.


UNLABELLED
Since the introduction of capsule endoscopy (CE), several studies suggested a higher frequency of small bowel tumors (SBTs) than previously reported.

MATERIAL AND METHOD
We evaluated the prevalence, presentation and diagnostic work-up of SBTs in patients undergoing CE in a single referral center. During 2003 - 2009, 102 patients underwent CE. For each patient with suspected SBT at CE, with subsequent histological confirmation, we registered clinical and biological features, imaging methods performed and management.

RESULTS
SBTs were detected in 4.9% of patients undergoing CE. The main indication for CE was obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. All patients had undergone, before CE, at least one procedure evaluating the small bowel. All patients had iron-deficiency anemia, some presented also other gastrointestinal symptoms. The main SBT type was gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Three patients underwent single-balloon enteroscopy; surgery was performed in all patients. No retention of capsule occurred. CE could be used as first choice as diagnostic tool when SBTs are suspected.


Cities are built for people, however, sometimes the nature of the urban environment does not reflect this. Traffic infrastructure in New Zealand often isolates areas of the city from each other, lessening the experience for the pedestrian. In Porirua this issue is present, with the highway, railway and stream disconnecting the city center from the residential territories. With no dedicated pedestrian infrastructure, there is little incentive for residents to commute around Porirua without a vehicle. What is the nature of a pedestrian focused design that reconnects Porirua's city center with its surrounding residential suburbs? Using art as a tool for urban design, this thesis rethinks how we might achieve creative moments in the city. Art was selected as a framework because it is personal to the artist, yet open to interpretation by viewers. The first step in this investigation was to create a series of autonomous drawings, and interrogate the making process and how they are acting on a page. This is where the implied line drawing was born. The second step of the investigation was to introduce site and scale, and begin to merge the autonomous with the pragmatic. This research offers an investigation into how the drawing process can be utilised to create urbanism that better forms a cities design values and public space. A small piece of the urban environment where people play a role in the city. As architects we cannot look to solve all urban issues with one project, but we can make creative moments that add value to the people and the city.


Statement of the problem
Wine businesses in Cyprus face many obstacles in penetrating the global market with evidence of limited or sometimes even non-existent export revenues from Cyprus wine businesses. Addressing this problem, the purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the formulation of a successful export strategy by wine businesses.

Methodology
This research integrated a qualitative method and a secondary analysis of government statistical reports, surveys, articles and papers. The researcher conducted interviews with fourteen professionals from ten small and four large wine companies that accounted for 23.33 percent of all wine businesses in Cyprus.

Main findings
Economic resources, business culture, job specialisation, management global knowledge, professional networks and marketing methods were identified as the factors influencing the formulation of an export strategy by wine businesses. Moreover, a framework for the Cyprus Wine Industry has been proposed and can be followed and adopted by companies in pursuit of a successful export strategy.

Research limitations
The research was limited in generalization since the findings only apply to a sample taken of small and large wine businesses engaged in global trade in Cyprus.

Originality/Value
This research contributes to the existing literature by identifying the factors of structural design that impact the export strategy.


There has been an emphasis placed on conducting function-based assessments (FBA) prior to selecting treatment for challenging behaviors for individuals with developmental disabilities (IDD). Research has demonstrated that treatment that first identifies the function of behavior is more effective for reducing challenging behavior than treatment not based on FBAs. There is little information regarding whether the practitioners responsible for behavior modification are employing FBA in applied settings. The purpose of the current study was to distribute a survey to assess the degree to which FBA are implemented in agencies serving IDD in the state of Massachusetts. The survey asked practitioners to indicate their perception about and use of the various categories of functional assessment (e.g., indirect assessment [IA], descriptive analysis, and functional analysis [FA]). From the 275 responses, the most frequently used FBA was descriptive assessments, which involves direct observation of behavior but no manipulation of environmental events. Results suggest that even though the majority (68.2%) of practitioners believe FA to be the more informative assessment tool for selecting behavioral treatment, only 26.1% of respondents indicate that they typically use FA (alone or in combination with IA or DA) to inform the development of a behavior plan. Board certified behavior analysts (BCBA) were no more likely to use FAs than were individuals without BCBA-certification. In fact, contrary to published research questioning the validity of DA for identifying function, 52.8% of BCBAs believe that descriptive assessments alone are sufficient for determining behavior function. Barriers to conducting FAs are discussed.


THE FIRST animal experiments involving the action of posterior pituitary extracts on the stomach were reported in 1916. Rogers and co-workers observed that pituitary extracts reduced the flow of gastric secretion in Pavlov pouch dogs. 1 Dodds found that single large subcutaneous injections of the posterior pituitary extract produced temporary collapse, bloody diarrhea, and decreased food intake in rabbits. If these animals were examined in the early stages of the reaction, acute gastritis was found, confined to the acid secreting portion of the mucosa. 2,3 Repeated oral or subcutaneous administration of the posterior pituitary extracts was found to cause single punched-out ulcers in the acid-bearing area of the rabbit's stomach, 4 blanching of the stomach and duodenum in rabbits, 5 and multiple hemorrhages, erosions, and small ulcers in the dog's stomach. 6 This gastrotoxic factor was found to be associated with the pressor and not the oxytocic fraction of the


Results are presented from a pilot study and a larger scale study aligning a curriculum-based passage reading test, the Wheldall Assessment of Reading Passages (WARP), with the literacy components of the New South Wales Basic Skills Test (BST). A strong relationship between the WARP and BST Literacy is demonstrated, particularly for Year Three students. Representative (approximate) norms for students in Years One to Five on the WARP are reported, based on the results from a school with a BST literacy profile that is very similar to that for the state of New South Wales as a whole.


Historically, the analysis of citrinin has mainly been performed on cereals such as red yeast rice; however, in recent years, more complex and abnormal commodities such as spices and infant foods are becoming more widely assessed. The aim of this study was to develop and validate clean-up methods for spices and cereal-based infant foods using a citrinin immunoaffinity column before HPLC analysis with fluorescence detection. Each method developed was validated with a representative matrix, spiked at various citrinin concentrations, based around European Union (EU) regulations set for ochratoxin A (OTA), with recoveries >80% and % RSD < 9% in all cases. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were established at 1 and 3 µg/kg for spices and 0.1 and 0.25 µg/kg for infant cereals, respectively. These methods were then tested across a variety of spices and infant food products to establish efficacy with high recoveries >75% and % RSD < 5% across all matrices assessed. Therefore, these methods proved suitable for providing effective clean-up of spices and infant cereals, enabling reliable quantification of citrinin detected. Samples such as nutmeg and infant multigrain porridge had higher levels of citrinin contamination than anticipated, indicating that citrinin could be a concern for public health. This highlighted the need for close monitoring of citrinin contamination in these commodities, which may become regulated in the future.


In French, the verb "to live" designates both being alive and the experience of something. This ambiguity has a philosophical meaning. The task of a phenomenology of life is to describe an originary sense of living from which the very distinction between life in the intransitive sense and life in the transitive, or intentional, sense proceeds. Hans Jonas is one of those rare authors who has tried to give an account of the specificity of life instead of reducing life to categories that are foreign to it. However, the concept of metabolism, by which Jonas characterizes vital activity, attests to a presupposition as to life: life is conceived as self-preservation, that is, as negation of death, in such a way that life is, in the end, not thought on the basis of itself. The aim of this article is to show that life as such must be understood as movement in a radicalized sense, in which the living being is no more the subject than the product. All living beings are in effect characterized by a movement, which nothing can cause to cease, a movement that largely exceeds what is required by the satisfaction of needs and that, because of this, bears witness to an essential incompleteness. This incompleteness reveals that life is originarily bound to a world. Because the world to which the living being relates is essentially non-totalizable and unpresentable, living movement can not essentially complete itself. Thus, in the final analysis, life must be defined as desire , and in virtue of this view, life does not tend toward self-preservation, as we have almost always thought, but toward the manifestation of the world.


Of all natural disasters, floods are the most consistently recurring events in India. India has several regions that are particularly vulnerable to floods. During the last decade India was affected by flood more than other events. An analysis of vulnerability of flood in different States in India reveals that West Bengal can be identified as one of the most flood prone areas in India. Although flood has become a regular phenomenon in West Bengal, its extent of damage is uncertain. In some years less than 5 million people are affected by flood whereas in some yeas this number exceeds 20 million. Number of people affected by flood is directly related to the geographical area under flood. People are affected through damages of house, losses of life, illness, damages of agricultural crop, disruption of transport system, etc. When people are affected they need rescue operation, financial and material relief, and medical treatment. Thus forecasting of the extent of flood affected area and its expected damage is highly needed. In this paper we have made an attempt to predict the extent of flood affected area in West Bengal using Monte Carlo Simulation. Then an attempt has been made to analyse the relations between the extent of flood and the damage caused thereby using a path model.


During recent years, several research efforts in the area of software development environments have focused on the provision of uniform Object Management Systems (OMS) as a framework for tool integration and communication. This paper summarizes discussions of an OMS Workshop on the issues that arise in defining an appropriate data model for an OMS.


Microdissection revealed striking alterations in the nephrons of animal models AICN and anti-GBMN. The most severely damaged AICN kidney in the series presented marked heterogeneity in the size and deformity of the proximal tubules, corresponding to the diverse and variegated nephrons described by Oliver in chronic Bright's disease. The severely damaged anti-GBMN kidneys revealed widespread alterations in the proximal tubules, which, however, tended to be fairly uniform among the affected nephrons. This uniformity, perhaps, reflected the shorter duration of disease in the anti-GBMN animals. The most characteristic proximal tubular alteration in either the AICN or anti-GBMN animals was that combining atrophy of the pars convoluta and hypertrophy of the pars recta in same tubule. The largest and smallest nephrons encountered in the entire study were found in the most severly damaged kidney in the AICN. This finding reflected the simultaneous existence of regressive and progressive changes in this kidney, as certain nephrons underwent hypertrophy to compensate for the atrophy and disappearance of others. The remarkable functional glomerulotubular balance of single nephrons known to exist in both AICN and anti-GBMN was matched by the evidence presented here of structural glomerulotubular balance among the severely altered nephrons of a representative kidney from each group. Microdissection studies directed toward the characterization of the nephronic alterations in both membranous glomerulonephritis and proliferative glomerulonephritis of man should be of interest in relation to the findings in these experimental rat models of human disease.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess innovation in public sector organisations (PSOs) from the middle managers' perspectives. Several studies have been conducted on innovation drivers in organisations; however, such studies are limited when it comes to the public sector. Innovation is a term that has been synonymous with the private sector, until of late when public sector organisations adopted the terminology.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study adopts a qualitative approach. The findings are based on a sample of selected 16 middle managers from two PSOs in Kenya. The study relies on focus group discussions (FGDs) to collect data. The data are analysed thematically, based on categorisation.

Findings

First, the results identified drivers, barriers, strategies to overcome barriers, innovation outcomes/indicators and the status of innovation in Kenya's public sector. Second, the study points to policy directions, theory and practice.

Research limitations/implications

The study suggests that innovation drivers in the public sector greatly depend on government and top management, particularly the way they craft policies and provide support for innovative behaviours. The current findings are limited to innovation activities of the public sector in Kenya, specifically the two organisations.

Originality/value

The findings from this research can aid the understanding of the nature of innovation in PSOs given that it is empirically based on middle managers' insights.


This study was conducted to find out the management of Village Original Income in Kerobokan Village and the role of BUMDes to be able to increase Village Original Income and Rural Original Income Management strategy to improve the economy.. The method in this study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data obtained through in-depth interviews, observations and document studies are then analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, data analysis and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the management carried out by Kerobokan Village Government is in accordance with the management procedure, BUMDes play a role in increasing the Village's Original Income so that the Village Government could carry out the development which impact on the village economy and the strategy implemented by the Village Government puts forward the coordination and cooperation.


Although somatic alterations in CAG repeats in the androgen receptor (AR) gene have been suggested to predispose to colorectal cancer, less is known about AR in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Because of lack of relevant analysis on CAG repeat length and AR expression in colorectal cancer, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of polymorphic CAG and protein expression of the AR gene in patients with colorectal cancer. A case–control study was carried out on 550 patients with colorectal cancer and 540 healthy controls to investigate whether polymorphic CAG within the AR gene is linked to increased risk for colorectal cancer. Polymorphic CAG and AR expression were analyzed to clarify their relationship with clinicopathologic and prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer. The study showed that the AR gene in patients with colorectal cancer had a longer CAG repeat sequence than those in the control group, as well as increased risk for colorectal cancer among females (P = 0.013), males (P = 0.002), and total colorectal cancer population (P < 0.001), respectively. AR expression exhibited a significant difference in long CAG repeat sequence among males (P < 0.001), females (P < 0.001), and total colorectal cancer study population (P < 0.001). Both long CAG repeat sequence and negative AR expression were associated with a short 5-year overall survival (OS) rate in colorectal cancer. Long CAG repeat sequences and the absence of AR expression were closely related to the development of colorectal cancer. Both long CAG and decreased AR expression were correlated with the poor 5-year OS in patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(4); 1066–74. ©2015 AACR.


ADMITTING BIAS: A REVIEW OF THE TEST-OPTIONAL ADMISSION POLICY AT GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY James Moynihan, MAIS George Mason University, 2014 Thesis Chair: Dr. Paul Gorksi This thesis describes anational trend of test-optional admission policies within Undergraduate colleges and universities. The research evaluates the test-optional enrollement process specifically at George Mason University. George Mason University implemented a test-optional admission policy during the 2007 admission cycle and has seen significant growth in the total application numbers and demographics of their students. In the process of researching and writing this thesis, the author conducted a literature review and evaluated non-identifying students data related to application types, grade-point average and demographics. This thesis is slated to be a resource for George Mason University and other institutions considering the implementation of a test-optional admission policy.


Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL

Increased proteolytic activity is associated with cancer, where proteases play a major role in tumor spread and formation of metastases. However, proteases may also inhibit tumor growth. The prostate produces several proteases, the most abundant one being prostate-specific antigen (PSA or kallikrein-related peptidase-3, KLK3). The role of PSA in the prostate, and in particular in prostate cancer, is not well known. However, several functions have been proposed, most of which are based on the protein substrates, which PSA cleaves in vitro. These include both tumor growth promoting and inhibiting activities, e.g., antiangiogenic activity of PSA. We have previously used phage display technology to develop peptides, the synthetic analogs of which stimulate the activity of PSA. These peptides are useful for studying the significance of PSA-activity and potentially for prostate cancer treatment. We analyzed the cleavage of different protein substrates of PSA and found that physiological substrates, semenogelin-1 and −2, are cleaved much more efficiently than other substrates, such as IGFBP-3, fibronectin and galectin-3. The peptides increased the proteolytic activity of PSA towards these protein substrates, but the extent of stimulation and the relative efficiency of peptides were different than with small peptide substrates. We conclude that the peptides can be used to stimulate the activity of PSA towards natural protein substrates. Thus, they may be potential lead molecules for drug development. As most of the studied protein substrates are cleaved with very low efficiency, their relevance as PSA substrates is questionable, especially as prostate produces several other highly active proteases, including several kallikreins and trypsin. As compared to other substrates, semenogelins are very efficiently cleaved by PSA, highlighting the substrate specificity of PSA.

Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2828. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2828


Recently, the BABAR collaboration reported the measurments of the photon-pion transition form factor Fπγγ∗ ( Q2 ) , which are in strong contradiction to the predictions of the standard factorization approach to perturbative QCD. In the present talk, based on a nonperturbative approach to the QCD vacuum and on rather universal assumptions, we show that there exists two asymptotic regimes for the pion transition form factor. One regime with asymptotics Fπγ∗γ ( Q2 )∼ 1/Q2 corresponds to the result of the standard QCD factorization approach, while other violates the standard factorization and leads to asymptotic behavior as Fπγ∗γ ( Q2 ) ∼ ln(Q2)/Q2. Furthermore, considering specific nonlocal chiral quark models, we find the region of parameters, where the existing CELLO, CLEO and BABAR data for the pion transition form factor are successfully described.


Top‐down or outside‐in change methodologies are increasingly seen to be ineffective. Systems thinking suggests that change in organizations is a much less straightforward and more subtle phenomenon than previous models allow. Since the late 1970s and as organic metaphors have become used more, the concept of organizational learning has emerged as central to the issue. However, an understanding of how this may take place is still undeveloped. Recently technologies for whole systems development have emerged based on Weisbord′s dictum that for change or learning to occur we need to "get everybody into improving the whole". Whole systems development can offer a way to realizing the learning organization. Provides a case study of whole systems development in action within Walsall Metropolitan Borough Council in the UK. Begins with a brief account of the ideas on which whole systems development is based and concludes with a commentary on the case study.


In this study, aspects of the reproductive performance and behaviour of male Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were investigated. We report that males of clones possessing an autosomal 1,3 translocation conferring insecticide resistance show a weak trend for a reduction in reproductive potential. Clones with the translocation that can produce males but no mating females (androcyclic clones) did not have an additional disadvantage. The age of virgin males and females affected mating success. Young males and females, 0-5 days old, were the most successful with respect to the number of females mated and number of eggs produced. There was a decline in reproductive potential after 9-10 days into adult life for males and after 4-5 days for females. Mating behaviour was observed in the laboratory and described. Some pre-copulatory stroking behaviour by the fore and hind legs of the male was observed. Females occasionally walked in copula sometimes resulting in the disengagement of the male before the termination of mating. Average mating duration in the experimental conditions was 10.5 ± 4.0 minutes and both males and females readily mated more than once.


We present the results of an extensive analysis of lepton flavour violating decays in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT). As lepton flavour violation is highly suppressed in the Standard Model by small neutrino masses, the LHT effects turn out to be naturally huge and could be seen in the near future experiments.


Abstract : The goal of this program is to develop an automated, optical inspection station useful on a spectrum of munition related components. Laser scatter is composed of speckle whose exact distribution cannot be predicted. However, its envelope can be used to typify the surface profile. Thus, the ability to detect surface features is a function of the ability to resolve this envelope which, in turn is a function of the number of speckle per unit solid angle in the scatter plane. Since the dimensions of speckle are inversely proportional to the illuminating laser beam diameter, there is an implicit lower bound to features detectable by this method. Also, there are lower limits imposed on defect detectability, for actual production items, from background noise arising from surface variations due to the machining process employed. Both speckle and surface variances must be statistically computed on a per component basis in order to establish the usefulness of scatter inspection for that particular component. In order to be applicable to a wide spectrum of situations, a generalized scatter sampling system was constructed. The output is fed into a logic board, providing a degree of pattern recognition capability and yielding a system adaptable to the more difficult discrimination problems. (Author)


Abstract In the present study the leaf movement rhythm was perturbed by the application of DC current pulses 15 μA, 10 seconds, voltage applied: 10 V) to the upper part of the pulvinus, passing through the pulvinus and its stalk. The pulses were applied at four different positions of the leaflets: when the leaves were at the lowermost position, when moving up, at the uppermost position and when moving down. The pre-perturbed and the post-perturbed rhythms were compared. We found that the rhythms were shifted in phase and the phase shifts observed at the four different positions of the leaflets were significantly different in magnitude as well as direction. Furthermore, we could also observe phase advances, which is in contrast to an earlier finding. A phase response curve (PRC) was constructed to illustrate the sensitivity of the oscillating leaflet system to DC pulses. Substantial delays of about 50 s (as compared to the period of about 200 s) were obtained when pulses were administered at the lowermost position and when leaflet were moving upwards, while advances or no phase shifts were recorded in the uppermost position and when leaflet were moving down respectively.


It is a sociological reality that individual differences exist in society. However, despite all our differences, we see that we have mentalities that show that we do not think very differently from each other in our social life. These mentalities also affect the unique development and progress processes of each society. In our research, from such a point of view, the universe of meaning of the phenomenon of mentality that determines and transforms attitudes and behaviors was revealed and it was evaluated how working in a regional development agency has an effect on the perception of development agency personnel towards the concept of development. This study is the first of its kind in Türkiye since the relationship between development and mentality has not been revealed in a sociological sense until today. The data of the research, which adopts the interpretative sociology method, is limited to the results of in-depth interviews conducted with 45 staff working in the development agency between December 2019 and February 2020. According to the findings obtained in this study, it is understood that the habitus of regional development agencies provides a multidimensional perspective to the agency staff, but the authoritarian mentality elements dominant in the public sector shape the habitus in this field.


Based on the results developed in Emre and Seo [1,2] on H2 solutions of Bezout and Skew type analytic matrix equations, we show how one can also characterize H<sup>∞</sup> solutions for Bezout type equations. Under certain conditions, the same is also applicable for Skew matrix equations [2].


Good governance means that processes and institutions produce results that meet the needs of society while making the best use of resources at their disposal. Good corporate governance (GCG) is a mandatory requirement in today's corporate world by every stakeholder groups. Failure of giant corporate groups in last two-three decade strengthens the demand further. And surprisingly, in some of such failures, accounting as a discipline is held liable. The way accounting is practiced or the interpretations that may give different prescriptions in similar situations are some dark areas that may open some scope for the corrupted accountants. Still, the author believes that such claim against accounting is undue and unfounded. The paper is an earnest effort to uncover the issue and to protect it from such unfounded critics. It covers the concept of corporate governance, its legal framework, its current status and how accounting may be practiced to protect corporate from corruption by establishing governance. This study describes the Indian corporate governance system and examines how the system has both supported and held back India's ascent to the top ranks of the world's economies. While on paper the country's legal system provides some of the best investor protection in the world, enforcement is a major problem with slow, over-burdened courts and significant corruption. It finds that better corporate frameworks benefit firms through greater access to financing, lower cost of capital, better firm performance, and more favourable treatment of all stakeholders


Taxonomy of miscellaneous taxa of Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is updated. Six new combinations (Erophila macrosperma, Isatis densiflora, Mostacillastrum volckmannii, Noccaea boissieri, Odontarrhena caliacrae, and Rorippa tsaratananae) are validated. Four names are newly reduced to synonymy of what follows them in parentheses: Barbamine procumbens (Barbarea ketzkhovelii), Cochlearia microcarpa (Rorippa austriaca), Torularia karatavica (Strigosella scorpioides), and Tetracme leptopoda (T. recurvata). One name (Cochlearia microcarpa) is lectotypified. Barbarea ketzkhovelii is recorded for the first time from Turkey. Brief nomenclatural comments are provided for all entries


Historically deliquescing desiccants had limited applications due to poor desiccant quality, integrity, equipment design problems, operational difficulty, and limited drying ability. Advances in formulation, material blending, tableting, and equipment design have expanded the application range of deliquescing desiccants. Desiccants are now used to dry sales gas, fuel gas, sour gas, "peak" gas, and for hydrate control. The operational simplicity of deliquescing desiccants offer many advantages over traditional drying methods such as triethylene glycol, including: no VOC or BTEX emissions, no ground contamination, no fire hazard, low capital expense, and low maintenance. Used for hydrate control in gathering systems, desiccants offer an inexpensive method to dry gas to meet pipeline dew point specifications. Desiccants have advantages for drying sour gas both for hydrate control and pipeline sales. Vessels can be over-sized to extend service interval to only several times per year, reducing employee exposure to hydrogen sulfide. Desiccant drying of fuel gas yields increased revenues by using suction gas, not sales gas for compressor fuel. Desiccant dehydration is well suited for remote, unmanned locations, where operators can schedule maintenance and service weekly or even monthly. This reduces total operating costs and labor requirements.


Background The real-world problems and ever-changing challenges currently confronting the future of nursing education and healthcare require a problem-based learning approach using simulation strategy. This is exacerbated by the increasing burden of diseases such as tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV and AIDS) and more recently the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as advancing technology and changing regulations and policies. Problem-based learning is a student-centred learning strategy, where students are presented with situations drawn from practice, which can be used to bridge the theory–practice gap. Objectives To explore the perceptions and views of healthcare educators on how problem-based learning can be facilitated through simulation. Method A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Thirteen educators from the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Johannesburg, with 5 years' teaching experience, were purposively selected from the Dean's office, the Nursing Department, emergency medical care and the departments of podiatry, somatology and radiography. The participants were selected based on their extensive knowledge of problem-based learning and the use of simulation. Data were collected through in-depth, individual, semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis provided six themes and 13 related sub-themes. The article focuses on the perceptions and views of educators regarding problem-based learning through simulation. Results Problem-based learning through simulation allows students to work together in teams, which demonstrates a new modus operandi and renders a holistic approach to patient care. Conclusion Problem-based learning through simulation should be utilised to encourage reflective knowledge exchange. Students from various departments can learn about new innovations, creativity and develop critical thinking when solving complex health-related problems.


Samples of human Common Iliac Arteries, obtained post-mortem from patients without evidence of atherosclerosis, were analyzed for their content in the various types of collagens using alternatively sonication, pepsin digestion and dithiothreitol reduction followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the extracts. A final average proportion of 66% of the total collagen was solubilized. The statistical calculation of the proportions of the different collagens, deduced from the densitometric scannings of the electrophoretic runs, showed that a larger amount of type I was extracted when the extraction was more complete. Type I collagen appeared as the most insoluble collagen in these arteries and its final proportion was probably higher than 60% of the total collagen.


The low-order kinematic moments of galaxies, namely bulk flow and shear, enables us to test whether theoretical models can accurately describe the evolution of the mass density field in the nearby Universe. We use the so-called eta MLE maximum likelihood estimator in log-distance space to measure thesemoments from a combined sample of the 2MASS Tully-Fisher (2MTF) survey and the COSMICFLOWS-3 (CF3) compilation. Galaxies common between 2MTF and CF3 demonstrate a small zero-point difference of -0.016 +/- 0.002 dex. We test the eta MLE on 16 mock 2MTF survey catalogues in order to explore how well the eta MLE recovers the true moments, and the effect of sample anisotropy. On the scale size of 37 h(-1) Mpc, we find that the bulk flow of the local Universe is 259 +/- 15 km s(-1) in the direction is (l, b) = (300 +/- 4 degrees, 23 +/- 3.) (Galactic coordinates). The average shear amplitude is 1.7 +/- 0.4 h km s(-1) Mpc(-1). We use a variable window function to explore the bulk and shear moments as a function of depth. In all cases, the measurements are consistent with the predictions of the Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) model.


Ischemic heart disease is a significant risk factor that threatens human health, and antiplatelet drugs are routinely used to treat cases in clinical settings. Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBSCM) can often be combined with antiplatelet drugs to treat ischemic heart disease. PBCRBSCM can inhibit platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation; moreover, PBCRBSCM in combination with antiplatelet drugs exerts antiplatelet effects. The mechanism is related to several factors, including the inhibition of platelet activation and aggregation, improvement of the hemodynamic status and coagulation function, and correction of metabolism and inflammation. PBCRBSCM can also regulate the absorption and metabolism of conventional antiplatelet drugs and protect the gastric mucosal epithelial cells against damage induced by conventional antiplatelet drugs. Randomized controlled trials have confirmed that PBCRBSCM preparations and the active ingredients in these preparations can reduce resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel so that the combination of these drugs can exert their antiplatelet effects. In the perioperative treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris, and acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention therapy, preparations of the active ingredients of PBCRBSCM combined with antiplatelet drugs and other conventional Western medicine treatments have been proven effective. The efficacy and safety of such combinations have also been extensively verified. Considerable progress has been made to understand the antiplatelet mechanism of PBCRBSCM. However, most clinical studies had problems, such as limited sample size and inappropriate research design, which has limited the translational use of PBCRBSCM in antiplatelet therapy. A large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled study with cardiovascular events as the endpoint is still to be conducted to provide evidence for the combined application of PBCRBSCM and antiplatelet drugs in the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease.


Sidrow and Lester (1988) reported that suicidal patients had higher scores for belief in an external locus of control than nonsuicidal patients. To check on the generality of this result, 20 men and 40 women undergraduates (M,, = 24.1 yc, SD = 8.6) enrolled in courses were administered anonymously a questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, 1961), Levenson's (1974) locus of control scale and questions about the respondent's suicidal history. Mean scores and SDs were for Depression 6.5 and 5.7, for internal locus 11.7 and 6.5, for chance locus -6.6 and 8.8, and for powerful others -8.7 and 7.8. Depression inventory scores were associated with internal locus of control scores (Pearson r = -0.24, p< .05) and chance locus of control scores ( r 0.56, p<.001) but not with powerful others locus of control scores ( r = 0.05). Current suicidal preoccupation (Item 9 on the Beck Depression Inventory) was associated with belief in control by others and by chance, even after introducing statistical controls for rotal depression scores (partial rs = 0.34 and 0.31). A reported history of suicidal ideation was also significantly associated with belief in control by chance (partial r = 0.24). This study extended the generality of the previous work by indicating that suicidal ideation is associated with belief in an external locus of control for a nonclinical population.


By the year 1980 with a new world order began to take shape more clearly,
the crisis started to gain global feature. All economies involved in the
global system were forced to play the role given by the new order.
In this study, within the framework of this new order, effects of the last
global crisis of 2008, and the rising economy in Turkey will be discussed. At
the same time the course and speed of the effects of the crisis will be
revealed. The basis of the study which is enriched by the statistical studies
will be formed by self-effects as well as the taken and applied economic
decisions.
In the first section, the process after the national crisis that Turkey had
experienced since 2001 will be evaluated. It has been identified that
Turkey has shown a negative growth from 2002 to 2008. In 2009, Turkey
experienced strict contraction and began to recover in 2010. However,
experiencing the growth rate of 7.7% until 2009 has emerged as a
contradiction since the growth rate was 4.5% even in the 1950s. Today, if
this rate is not increased, convergence is inevitable, which is the focal point
of the study.
Another focal point of the study is, the next 10-year period in Turkey's
contribution to production due to the young population will peak of the
active population, and will develop a low risk banking system and the goal
of being the 10th greatest country by the year 2023.
In the case of what can be done to achieve that goal; Interest and inflation
will not increase but followed more loosely program than in the past,
maintenance of the external source input and the others. In addition, The SMEs, which are major determinant of the goal of
becoming the 10th greatest economy of the world, effects on the
economy, their more than 80% value added share in the world, since it is
30% in Turkey will be discussed in the part of the study.
At the same time, it is identified that SMEs which have contribution in
dealing with the crisis have experienced the following events in the global
financial crisis. For example SMEs; Tried to survive by reducing profit
margins and increasing their reputation by increasing advertisement
expenses.
Keywords: Global Crisis, Turkey, Emerging Economy, SME, Expansion


A high efficient analog charge delay line (ACDL) is proposed in this paper. We can use these analog delay lines to realize high performance CMOS readout integrated circuits (ROIC) with time delay integration (TDI) function. A CMOS ROIC for 288 times 4 IRFPA were designed, manufactured, and tested. The chip has 4 video outputs, whose pixel frequency is 4~5MHz (for 384 times 288 format, its frame frequency can achieve 160 Hz). Test results show this chip has high dynamic range (>78 dB), high linearity (>99.5%), and high uniformity (96.8%). (TDI) function.


Introduction The population prevalence of Rome IV functional dyspepsia and its effect on health impairment is unknown. We used data from a population-based study to address this, and compared somatisation, quality of life, healthcare utilisation, and presence of overlapping irritable syndrome and functional heartburn in individuals fulfilling criteria for Rome IV functional dyspepsia against non-dyspeptic controls. Method An internet-based health survey was completed by 6300 general population adults from three English-speaking countries (2100 each from United States, Canada, and United Kingdom). Quota-based sampling was used to ensure equal sex, age, and education distribution across the countries. The survey included questions on demographics, healthcare visits, medication use, criteria for the Rome IV functional dyspepsia as well as for irritable bowel syndrome and functional heartburn, the patient health questionnaire-12 somatisation measure, and the Short Form-8 quality of life questionnaire. Results Data was available for analysis from 5931 subjects (49.2% female; mean age 47.4 years, range 18–92). Overall, 551 (9.3%) of the population fulfilled criteria for Rome IV functional dyspepsia. This comprised 339 (61.5%) with postprandial distress syndrome-PDS, 97 (17.6%) with epigastric pain syndrome-EPS, and 115 (20.9%) with both. Subjects with functional dyspepsia had significantly greater health impairment than non-dyspeptic controls, with on average 73% seeking healthcare more than once yearly and 77% taking GI-relevant medication (i.e. GI-specific, psychotropics, analgesia, or complementary medicine). Notably, those with overlapping Rome IV EPS and PDS had higher frequency of co-existing irritable bowel syndrome and functional heartburn, worse somatisation, and poorer mental and physical QOL scores, compared to EPS- or PDS-alone (See table). Somatisation and QOL scores were similar between EPS- and PDS- alone. Note for table: Mean-values/percentages with different superscript letters are significantly different at a p<0.05 level. Abstract OC-038 Table 1 Conclusion Almost 10% of the population fulfil criteria for Rome IV functional dyspepsia. Subjects with Rome IV functional dyspepsia, in particular those with overlapping PDS and EPS, have considerable health impairment. This is despite frequent healthcare visits and use of GI-relevant medication. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films were deposited simultaneously on various electrodes by the sputtering technique. When the substrate temperature was varied, the BST thin film on each electrode showed good crystallinity above 550°C as revealed by X-ray diffraction measurements. The surface morphology, determined by atomic force microscopy, indicated that the roughness of BST thin films on RuO2 was substrate dependent. However, BST thin films on Ru electrodes are smoother and showed no substrate dependence, probably because the precursor surface diffusion length was greater than the sinusoidal perturbations of the wavelength. From the stoichiometry analysis of the BST thin films, the largest dielectric constant was obtained at around a 0.7 molar ratio of Ba in each electrode. BST thin film on Pt/TiN/SiO2/Si showed the highest dielectric constant and the lowest leakage current among the considered samples, displaying great improvement over the thin film deposited onto Pt/SiO2/Si by insertion of a TiN barrier layer. The electrical properties of BST thin films on RuO2 were poorer than those of BST thin films on Ru, mainly because of the rough morphology originating from the rough surface of the bottom electrode.


The research described in this thesis represents a significant advancement in the current mechanistic understanding of low-frequency ultrasound-mediated transdermal drug delivery. Specifically, while prior research has focused on a more general understanding of the mechanisms associated with low-frequency sonophoresis (LFS), this thesis directly investigates the mechanisms associated with phenomena that occur due to LFS skin treatment. These include a deeper understanding of: i) the reasons for heterogeneous perturbation of skin treated with LFS, ii) the physical mechanism that causes synergism between LFS and chemical penetration enhancers (CPEs), iii) the interactions between traditional and non-traditional surfactants in LFS skin treatments, and iv) the effects of LFS and LFS/CPEs on skin structural perturbation. In the first study of this thesis, the intrinsic properties and formation mechanisms of localized-transport regions (LTRs), and the surrounding less-perturbed non-LTRs, of lowfrequency sonophoresis-treated skin are investigated. By independently analyzing LTR, nonLTR, and total skin samples treated at multiple LFS frequencies, it was found that the pore radii (rpore) within non-LTRs are frequency-independent, ranging from 18.2 – 18.5 Å, but significantly larger than rpore of native skin samples (13.6 Å). Conversely, rpore within LTRs increases significantly with decreasing frequency from 161 Å, to 276 Å, and to ∞ (>300 Å) for LFS/SLStreated skin at 60 kHz, 40 kHz, and 20 kHz, respectively. These findings suggest that different mechanisms contribute to skin permeability enhancement within each skin region. Therefore, it was proposed that the enhancement mechanism within LTRs is the frequency-dependent process of cavitation-induced microjet collapse at the skin surface, while the increased rpore values in non-LTRs are likely due to SLS perturbation, with enhanced penetration of SLS into the skin resulting from the frequency-independent process of acoustic streaming. Next, the effects of a non-traditional surfactant on LFS treatment were analyzed through a case study with the commonly used fluorescent dye sulforhodamine B (SRB). SRB is often considered to be a purely hydrophilic molecule, having no impact on bulk or interfacial properties of aqueous solutions. However, it was demonstrated that SRB is in fact an amphiphile, with the ability to adsorb at an air/water interface and to incorporate into sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) micelles. In fact, SRB reduced the surface tension of water by up to 23 mN/m, and the addition of SRB to an aqueous SLS solution was found to induce a significant decrease in the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of SLS. Molecular dynamics revealed that SRB has defined polar "head" and non-polar "tail" regions when adsorbed at the air/water interface as a monomer. These findings have significant implications into LFS-mediated transdermal drug delivery, as the inclusion of SRB into an LFS coupling solution can cause a synergistic increase in skin permeability enhancement. However, in the presence of SLS, SRB actually causes an antagonistic effect due to the resulting change in bulk and interfacial properties. The next investigation of this thesis focused on understanding the synergism between LFS and CPEs (e.g., surfactants). In spite of identifying that the origin of this synergism is the increased penetration and subsequent dispersion of CPEs in the skin in response to LFS treatment, no prior study had proposed a mechanism to explain how LFS induces the observed increased transport of CPEs. In this study, a physical mechanism by which the transport of all CPEs is expected to have significantly increased flux into the localized-transport regions (LTRs) of LFS-treated skin was proposed. Specifically, the collapse of acoustic cavitation microjets within LTRs was shown to induce a convective flux. In addition, because amphiphilic molecules are able to adsorb onto the gas/water interface of cavitation bubbles, amphiphiles were shown to have an additional adsorptive flux. In this sense, the cavitation bubbles were shown to effectively act as carriers for amphiphilic molecules, delivering surfactants directly into the skin when they collapse at the skin surface as cavitation microjets. The flux equations derived for the LTRs and non-LTRs of LFS-treated skin, compared to that for untreated skin, explained how the transport of all CPEs, and to an even greater extent amphiphilic CPEs, increases during LFS treatment. The flux model was supported with experiments involving a non-amphiphilic CPE (propylene glycol) and both nonionic and ionic amphiphilic CPEs (octyl glucoside and SLS), by measuring the flux of each CPE into untreated skin and the LTRs and non-LTRs of LFS-treated skin. Data showed excellent agreement with the expected trends from the flux model. The final study of this thesis investigated the effect of SLS on skin structural perturbation when utilized simultaneously with LFS. Pig full-thickness skin (FTS) and pig split-thickness skin (STS) treated with LFS/SLS and LFS were analyzed in the context of the aqueous porous pathway model to quantify skin perturbation through changes in skin pore radius and porosity-totortuosity ratio (ε/τ). In addition, skin treatment times required to attain specific levels of skin electrical resistivity were analyzed to draw conclusions about the effect of SLS on reproducibility and predictability of skin perturbation. It was found that LFS/SLS-treated FTS, LFS/SLS-treated STS, and LFS-treated FTS exhibited similar skin perturbation. However, LFStreated STS exhibited significantly higher skin perturbation, suggesting greater structural changes to the less robust STS induced by the purely physical enhancement mechanism of LFS. Evaluation of ε/τ values revealed that LFS/SLS-treated FTS and STS have similar transport pathways, while LFS-treated FTS and STS have lower ε/τ values. In addition, LFS/SLS treatment times were much shorter than LFS treatment times for both FTS and STS. Moreover, the simultaneous use of SLS and LFS not only results in synergistic enhancement, as reflected in the shorter skin treatment times, but also in more predictable and reproducible skin perturbation. In conclusion, the research conducted in this thesis has contributed to the advancement of the molecular and cellular-level understanding of phenomena associated with LFS-mediated transdermal skin permeability enhancement. Additionally, the insights provided by this thesis could lead to the development of optimized LFS treatment protocols and improved LFS coupling solution formulations. This would permit attaining the desired skin permeability using milder LFS treatment conditions and smaller skin treatment areas. This could also lead to lower power requirements of LFS devices, thereby leading to miniaturization of devices and the creation of more commercially-viable LFS equipment. Thesis Advisor: Daniel Blankschtein Title: Professor of Chemical Engineering Thesis Advisor: Robert Langer Title: David H. Koch Institute Professor


The pressure field estimation can be performed from Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) data on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equation. This requires time-resolved velocity fields to directly compute time derivatives, which are often difficult to achieve due to hardware limitations or cost. Alternatively, snapshot PIV experiments are more affordable but require additional assumptions to model the time derivatives. In this work, we propose the use of data-driven techniques to combine snapshot PIV and high-repetition-rate sensors measurement, and obtain time-resolved estimated velocity fields. The instantaneous pressure fields can thus be computed.We explore building the relation between temporal modes of the flow field and the probe data is built using either linear and non-linear estimators, i.e. Extended Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (Extended POD) and a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), respectively. The performances of both data-driven methods, as well as Taylor's hypothesis model for the time derivatives, are tested on the synthetic dataset of a fluidic pinball and on experimental measurements in the wake of a wing. The results show that the data-driven pressure estimations have sufficient accuracy and are not affected by time propagation of the error. Both data-driven methods outperform the model-based method rooted on the Taylor's hypothesis for the tested cases having compact POD spectra.


The objectives of this research are 1) to analyze the actual revenue trends from revenue collection in the fiscal year 2015-2017 2) to analyze the success of revenue collection in the fiscal year 2015-2017 and 3) to analyze the economical and cost-effectiveness of revenue management in the fiscal year 2015-2017. The data used in this research were gathered from the financial statements from the past 3 years since the fiscal year 2015 - 2017 (1 October 2014 - 30 September 2017). The analytical tools used in this research are trend analysis, revenue collection analysis, economic analysis and cost- effectiveness analysis of revenue management.The finding revealed that:1. In terms of revenue collection from the income, it was found that in the fiscal year 2016, the revenue tended to increase from the fiscal year 2015, especially the revenue from the academic services which tended to rise as the highest sector, followed by other revenue and the revenue from educational management. On the other hand, the revenue collection from fund raising tended to decrease from the fiscal year 2015.In the fiscal year 2017, the revenue tended to rise from the fiscal year 2015, especially the revenue from academic services followed by educational management, while other revenue decreased from year 2015. In addition, the revenue collection from interest and fund raising has a tendency to decrease also.2. The analysis of the revenue collection achievement of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University included the revenue from educational management which could be classified as normal sector fund and special sector fund, the research result on both funds found that the achievement of revenue collection in the fiscal year 2015 was lower than the estimated target, while the revenue collection in the fiscal year 2016 was higher than the estimated target. In 2017, the revenue collection was higher than the estimated revenue.3. To analyze the economical and cost-effectiveness in managing revenue management of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, such as an income from education management. The research found that normal sector funds and special sector funds in the fiscal year 2015 - 2017, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University has managed revenue from education income management economically and cost-effectiveness. In the overall picture every year, the most economical and cost-effective year was 2015, followed by 2016 and 2017, respectively. However, considering the tendency of economical and cost-effectiveness of revenue management, it was apparently that the rate decreased every year.
Keywords: Revenue collection, Economical, Cost-effectiveness


Until the late 1990s, the rapid development of rural cooperative funds as semi-formal financial institutions in the countryside attracted little attention. In many provinces, these funds took over large swathes of rural finance, before the State Council in March 1999 issued a secret decree requesting that they be immediately dissolved. This paper explores the reasons for the rapid development of rural cooperative funds in many localities, examines why this has been an issue of contention, and explains why it has taken the central government such a long time to come up with a coherent—and, furthermore, drastic—response. Although rural cooperative funds are now being dissolved across the country, they may already have achieved their purpose of revolutionizing financial intermediation in the countryside.


Les Murray writes of his New South Wales landscapes, of the cities of Australia, and of the lands and peoples he has travelled and lived among. He has a vision of how things are and a sense of how they ought to be. His is a poetry of incommensurables: of the sacred, and also of this world. He is like an early Romantic, vigorous and unsentimental.


This Kenya urbanization review takes a deep look at Kenya's urbanization process. It provides initial policy options in several key areas including housing and basic services, land use and transport, planning, subnational finance, and local economic development. These are not the only areas of concern for Kenya's urban practitioners and policy makers. But they were identified as areas for more in-depth study during initial stakeholder consultations and as key priorities in consultations with government experts. It is hoped that the Review will serve to raise understanding of the important opportunity that urbanization presents for the country, informing policy makers and interested parties alike and expanding dialogue on Kenya's urbanization. The review is laid out in three parts. The first looks at some of the demographic, economic, and spatial trends of Kenya's urban areas (chapter one). The second describes the challenges or threats to a smooth urban transition: large, growing informality and inequality within and between urban areas, in three categories of access (chapters two, three, and four). The third examines the modern institutions needed to address the challenges head on and to ensure that Kenya's cities have the opportunity to serve as true drivers of economic growth (chapters five, six, and seven).


We study the progress of women's representation and achievement in law schools. To do this, we assemble a new dataset on the number of women and men students, faculty, and deans at all ABA-approved U.S. law schools from 1948 to the present. These data enable us to study many unexplored features of women's progress in law schools for the first time, including the process by which women initially gained access to each law school, the variance in women's experiences across law schools, the relationship between women's representation and student achievement, and the extent to which women disproportionally occupy interim and non-tenure track positions. We contextualize our findings by situating them within the vast qualitative literature on women's experiences in law schools and the legal profession.


In An NHS Trust and others v Y and another, the Supreme Court was asked to address the question of whether a court order must always be obtained before clinically assisted nutrition and hydration (CANH), which is keeping alive a person with a prolonged disorder of consciousness (PDOC). This case note explores the Court's decision to dispense with the need for such a court order and analyses that important change in approach from the perspective of the right to life protected in Article 2 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) as well as in the broader context of end of life decision-making.


Bacterial vaginosis is caused by uncontrolled sequential overgrowth of some anaerobic bacteria: Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Bacteroides spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus sp. usually occurring in stable numbers in the bacterial flora of healthy women. On the other hand, different species of bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus, most frequently L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus, form a group of aerobic bacteria dominating in the same environment. The diversity and density of their populations depend on the age and health conditions. Thanks to their antagonistic and adherence properties bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus can maintain a positive balance role in this ecosystem. The aim of this study was to assess the antagonistic properties of Lactobacillus strains isolated from the vagina of healthy women against most common agents of bacterial vaginosis. It was found that nearly all of the tested Lactobacillus strains exerted distinct antagonistic activity against anaerobic bacteria: Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and quite a number also against Gram-negative rods, while only some of them were able to inhibit Gram-positive aerobic cocci as Enterococcus faecalis or Staphylococcus aureus.


Simulation technology is increasingly being used in nursing education. Previously used primarily for teaching procedural, instrumental, or critical incident types of skills, simulation is now being applied to training related to more dynamic, complex, and interpersonal human contexts. While high fidelity human patient simulators have significantly increased in authenticity, human responses have greater complexity and are qualitatively different than current technology represents. This paper examines the texture of representation by simulation. Through a tracing of historical and contemporary philosophical perspectives on simulation, the nature and limits of the reality of human health responses represented by high fidelity human patient simulation (HF-HPS) are explored. Issues concerning nursing education are raised around the nature of reality represented in HF-HPS. Drawing on Waks, a framework for guiding pedagogical considerations around simulation in nursing education is presented for the ultimate purpose of promoting an educative experience with simulation.


Vertical graphene nanowalls (VGNs) with excellent heat-transfer properties are promising to be applied in the thermal management of electronic devices. However, high growth temperature makes VGNs unable to be directly prepared on semiconductors and polymers, which limits the practical application of VGNs. In this work, the near room-temperature growth of VGNs was realized by utilizing the hot filament chemical vapor deposition method. Catalytic tantalum (Ta) filaments promote the decomposition of acetylene at ∼1600 °C. Density functional theory calculations proved that C2H* was the main active carbon cluster during VGN growth. The restricted diffusion of C2H* clusters induced the vertical growth of graphene nanoflakes on various substrates below 150 °C. The direct growth of VGNs successfully realized the excellent interfacial contact, and the thermal contact resistance could reach 3.39 × 10-9 m2·K·W-1. The temperature of electronic chips had a 6.7 °C reduction by utilizing directly prepared VGNs instead of thermal conductive tape as thermal-interface materials, indicating the great potential of VGNs to be directly prepared on electronic devices for thermal management.


Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) data, in accordance with lateral mobility measurements, suggested the existence of class I HLA dimers and oligomers at the surface of live human cells, including the B lymphoblast cell line (JY) used in the present study. Intra- and intermolecular class I HLA epitope distances were measured on JY B cells by FRET using fluorophore-conjugated Ag-binding fragments of mAbs W6/32 and L368 directed against structurally well-characterized heavy and light chain epitopes, respectively. Out-of-plane location of these epitopes relative to the membrane-bound BODIPY-PC (2-(4,4-difluoro-5-(4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-pentanoyl)-1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) was also determined by FRET. Computer-simulated docking of crystallographic structures of class I HLA and epitope-specific Ag-binding fragments, with experimentally determined interepitope and epitope to cell surface distances as constraints, revealed several sterically allowed and FRET-compatible class I HLA dimeric and tetrameric arrangements. Extension of the tetrameric class I HLA model with interacting TCR and CD8 resulted in a model of a supramolecular cluster that may exist physiologically and serve as a functionally significant unit for a network of CD8-HLA-I complexes providing enhanced signaling efficiency even at low MHC-peptide concentrations at the interface of effector and APCs.


Abstract : SRC-3/AIB1 is a steroid receptor coactivator with potent growth promoting activity. It is overexpressed in a number of cancers and has been shown to have oncogenic potential. An important mechanism for the regulation of SRC-3 coactivator activity is its site-specific phosphorylation status which is controlled by extracellular signals that stimulate specific protein kinase signaling pathways. It is well known that protein kinases such as aPKC are frequently overexpressed in cancers and that phosphorylation of SRC-3 can contribute to its oncogenic potential. However it is unclear whether protein kinases can directly regulate SRC-3/AIB1 cellular protein levels. In the present study we showed that a typical protein kinase C (aPKC) phosphorylates and stabilizes SRC-3; increased intracellular levels of the coactivator result in significant enhancement of steroid receptor transcription activity. The aPKC stabilization effect requires the presence of estrogen receptor. Using a variety of estrogen receptor mutants we found that this stabilization occurs primarily in the nucleus and is dependent on a direct interaction between SRC-3 and estrogen receptor. Furthermore we showed that aPKC-phosphorylated SRC-3 becomes resistant to degradation by the 26s proteasome in a cell-free degradation assay using all purified components of SRC-3 ER and 26s proteasome. Taken together our results suggest that in addition to its role in activation of this important SRC-3 growth coactivator phosphorylation also plays a role in regulating SRC-3 stability and turnover. Thus aberrant levels of select protein kinases such as aPKC in cancer cells might contribute to the high levels of SRC-3 seen in endocrine cancers.


This paper proposes a method of increasing the efficiency of the CATV plant in the upstream direction. The general approach is to reduce the convergence time of the equalizer to allow a shorter training sequence. Specifically, the upstream channel is modeled as a postdetection filter. A short unique word is inserted near the beginning of the preamble to estimate the coefficients of the postdetection filter. The postdetection filter is then crudely inverted to estimate a few key tap weights of the equalizer. The equalizer is initialized with these estimated tap weights before adaptive updating is turned on. The method is evaluated for the echo-laden DOCSIS CATV upstream channel with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 25 dB. Plots of the probability of the modulation error ratio exceeding 19- and 22-dB values versus the length of the training sequence show that the performance is comparable to an unseeded equalizer with a training sequence that is about 50 symbols longer.


The traditional classroom has utilized the "I Do", "We Do", "You Do" as a strategy for teaching for years.  The flipped classroom truly flips that strategy.  The teacher uses "You Do", "We Do", "I Do" instead.  Homework, inquiry, and investigation happen in the classroom.  At home students participate in preparation work including watching videos, PowerPoint's, and completing readings.  After completing the preparation work, students arrive in class ready to start solving problems, analyzing text, or investigating solutions.  The flipped classroom is fairly new in the teaching field as a strategy for teaching.  It has been used by teachers from elementary school to graduate school.  As with most strategies, the flipped classroom has a variety of ways to implement in the classroom.  This article is a case study of the flipped classroom.  It reviews and provides research on the implementation of the flipped classroom.  In addition, the article provides a variety of implementation methods and tools to be utilized in a flipped classroom.  As with all teaching strategies there are advantages and disadvantages to the flipped classroom which are explained as well.


Anxiety is an innate human response to situations that cause fear, worry or concern. One such type is health anxiety. Health anxiety is a term derived from hypochondriasis and divided into two disorders: illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder. Symptoms can range from mild-to-moderate expressions of worry to clinical diagnoses. Previous research has shown pregnancy-specific anxiety to be an autonomous anxiety disorder. When a woman conceives, immediate somatic changes are experienced, and although all pregnancies are different, these changes could cause either illness anxiety disorder or somatic symptom disorder. This review explores the possibility of pregnancy-specific health anxiety in greater detail.


Optimization of process parameters for laser-arc hybrid welding process is intrinsically sophisticated because the process has three kinds of parameters-arc, laser and hybrid welding parameters. In this paper, the relationship between weldability and several process parameters such as laser beam-arc distance, electrode height, welding current and welding speed, were investigated by the full factorial experimental design. Weld quality was evaluated by using weight of spatters which is related with the pore area. It was found that the weld quality was increased with the increases in laser beam-arc distance and welding current, and decreased with the increases in electrode height and welding speed.


Press mud collected from sugar mills in Punjab, India were characterized and found to contain 75-80% organic matter, which mainly consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein, sugar, wax, etc. Biogas generation from press mud in a 2-litre batch reactor was studied at solid concentrations of 4 to 12%. Maximum yield of biogas was 0.24 L/g with 6% solids. Effect of Co++ and Ni++ concentrations on biogas yield was also studied. It was maximum at 5 μ moles/L of Co++ and 6 μ moles/L of Ni++. The optimum C/N ratio for biogas generation was 18, which was higher than the normal C/N ratio of 14 in the press mud. Other substrates such as cow dung, bagasse and cane pith when mixed with press mud in different proportions have influenced biogas generation. Press mud when mixed with cow dung, biomethanation process became more stable. Particularly, cane pith when mixed with press mud in 1:1 ratio, the generation of biogas increased significantly. The methane content of the biogas was about 65%.


The costs of parental behaviour (fanning) were examined in male 1+ and 2+ three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) by comparing the loss of wet mass incurred by starved parental males during the egg care period to those incurred by starved non-parental males during this same period. To evaluate which tissues were most affected, we compared the wet and dry masses of the tissues in our starved fish with those of an additional group of fed non-parental fish. While parental and non-parentals did not differ in their absolute loss of wet mass (two age classes combined), parentals had a significantly lower total dry mass than both fed and starved non-parentals (two age classes combined). These data suggest that the parental behaviour of males imposes an energetic cost which these males hide by increasing their water content. The difference in dry mass of the tissues of parental and non-parental males was most pronounced in the tissues remaining after removal of the muscles from the carcass, i.e. the skin, the vertebral column and the head. While age 1+ fish lose significantly less wet mass over the breeding cycle than age 2+ fish, this loss of mass represented a greater proportion of the body mass of 1+ than of 2+ fish. This may explain why fewer age 1+ fish than age 2+ successfully breed at our field site.


=Ox. Pap. 1604) has been dropped altogether. The Index does not seem to have been revised. At all events it still omits Paris in Pyth. vi. 33, and disguises him as Paros in Paean vi. 79, still, with Rumpel, identifies the wise and the foolish Lynceus of Nem. x., and still gives a false reference for Nicasippus : it also ignores the new Supplement fragments, but that is scarcely surprising. One odd blemish deserves mention. In or above the top line of seven of the right-hand pages (9, 31, 61, 95, 189, 253, 317) stands a small but bold annular character, like a perfectly round omicron. This looks like a metrical symbol, but is meaningless. D. S. ROBERTSON. Trinity College, Cambridge.


This article exploits a change in the vesting rules for employer-sponsored pension plans introduced by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 to identify the causal effect of pension portability legislation on workers' voluntary mobility decisions. We pool data from different years of the Survey of Income and Program Participation to estimate the impact of this reform using difference-in-differences methods. Our results suggest that the reform had a positive and significant impact on voluntary job mobility of the treatment group. (JEL J24, J44, J62, J63, J68) I. INTRODUCTION With increasing mobility of the labor force, (1) portability of pension rights is an important policy issue for those countries where employer-sponsored pension plans play a major role in the provision of retirement income. In most of these countries the nature of employer-sponsored pension plans has gradually shifted, in the last two decades, from traditional defined benefit (DB) to more portable defined contribution (DC) types. While the shift has been particularly significant in the United States, DB plans remain dominant in countries such as Canada, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, where they still account for up to two-thirds of workers' participation in employer-sponsored pension plans. (2) Moreover, countries such as Canada, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom have recently passed reforms aimed at improving pension portability through shorter vesting periods and/or indexation of DB plans' vested pension rights (Andrietti 2002). In the United States, the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA '86), a bill not explicitly focused on pension reforms, brought about a sharp cut in the maximum length of the vesting period required for full accrual of pension rights. (3) While a large number of studies have focused on the impact of employer-sponsored pension plans and the incentives they create for job mobility choices, (4) very little is known about the role of pension portability features per se in job mobility decisions. In particular, to the best of our knowledge, no study has explicitly examined the extent to which vesting rules affect labor mobility. This article fills this gap by exploiting the sharp change in vesting rules introduced by TRA '86. This change in legislation offers a transparent source of plausibly exogenous variation that allows us to identify a group of employees who are vested under the new rules but would not have been vested otherwise and to use them as the treatment group. Our results suggest that the change in vesting rules had a positive and significant impact on the voluntary job mobility of the treatment group. Moreover, an empirical assessment of robustness to potential measurement/classification errors suggests that the treatment effect estimated by pairing our preferred treatment/control groups may represent a lower estimation bound. Finally, the robustness of our findings to a number of falsification tests lends further support to a causal interpretation of our results. The link between employer pension coverage and labor mobility is complex. Employer-sponsored pensions are often thought to be a significant impediment to worker mobility. This belief originated in early U.S. studies, which consistently reveal a significant negative association between employer pension coverage and job mobility (see, among others, Bartel and Borjas 1977; Mitchell 1982, 1983). The "new pension economics" literature hypothesizes three possible causal pathways to explain this empirical finding. The conventional view, framed in implicit contract theory, relates this negative association to tenure-related quit costs imposed on workers who leave a DB plan before retirement due to long vesting periods and backloaded benefit accruals (Ippolito 1985). The empirical support for this view (Ippolito 1987; Clark and McDermed 1988; Allen, Clark, and McDermed 1988, 1993), which contributed to its popularity among policy makers and academics alike, has been challenged by a number of studies that found little or no role of portability losses in explaining quit decisions. …


A new SoC architecture for multimedia content analysis is implemented with 16mm2 area in 90nm CMOS technology. It focuses on the co-acceleration of computer vision and machine learning algorithms, and two stream processors with massively parallel processing elements are integrated to achieve tera-scale performance. In the dual processor architecture, the data are transferred between processors and the high bandwidth dual memory through the local media bus, which reduces the power consumption in the AHB data access. The power efficiency of the proposed machine learning SoC is 1.7 TOPS/W, and the area efficiency is 81.3 GOPS/mm2.


Aphid parasitoids are often observed to gather around borages (Borago officinalis) used as banker plants in strawberry greenhouse. The attraction of Aphidius colemani as a model aphid parasitoid was observed in response to borage. An aphid generalist parasitoid, A. colemani, shows a preference based on their experience after hatching from mummies of the host-plant volatiles on which their host aphids are reared. A. colemani colonies reared on three host plant-aphid systems (borage/green peach aphid; Japanese radish/green peach aphid; barley/oat bird cherry aphid). A 4-arm olfactometer was used to test the preference of female A. colemani for several plants (infested Japanese radish; infested barley; infested, uninfested and mechanically-damaged borage). Females from each group showed a preference for the plant on which their hosts had been reared and also infested borage regardless of the host plant/aphid system. These results suggested that volatiles from aphid-infested borage attract A. colemani.


Machine learning algorithms usually require a huge amount of training examples to learn a new model from scratch and often fail to apply the learned model to test data acquired from the scenarios different from those of the training data mainly due to domain divergence and task divergence. Transfer learning tries to use previously available data, models or knowledge effectively for a new domain or task with scarce data. This thesis focuses on addressing the cross-domain visual recognition using transfer learning. First, a comprehensive literature review of transfer learning methods for cross-dataset visual recognition is presented by taking a problem-oriented perspective. Second, though there has been extensive research on unsupervised domain adaptation, the performance on the target domain is still far from comparable to that without distribution shift. Hence, a novel feature transformation-based method on unsupervised domain adaptation is proposed by taking both geometrical and statistical shift into consideration, and the performance is improved compared to previous methods. Third, a novel classifier-based unsupervised domain adaptation method is proposed by presenting a new perspective that the unsupervised domain adaptation can be formulated as a multi-task learning problem. This formulation removes the commonly used shared classifier assumption in previous methods and proposes unshared classifiers for the source and target domains for exploiting more domain specific features. Fourth, an important weighted adversarial nets-based method for partial domain adaptation is proposed, where the target domain has less number of classes compared to the source domain. Different from previous domain adaptation methods that generally assume the identical label spaces, a more realistic scenario that requires adaptation from a larger and more diverse source domain to a smaller target domain with less number of classes is considered. Last, a new research topic called multi-source domain expansion (MSDE) is introduced, which expands the source domains to include the new domain, such that the learned model is capable to perform well on both the new target domain and the old source domains. The MSDE is different from traditional domain adaptation whose target domain is defined only as the new domain excluding the source domains. MSDE is also different from multi-task learning, lifelong Learning, and incremental learning all of which assume no domain shift among different tasks. Specifically, a novel method is proposed for unsupervised MSDE without source data.


Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute life-threatening disease with a high incidence worldwide. Aim of this study was to test lectin-carbohydrate binding-induced red blood cell (RBC) agglutination as an innovative tool for fast, precise and cost effective diagnosis of MI. Five lectins (Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin (PHA), Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA), Artocarpus agglutinin (ArA), Triticum agglutinin (TA)) were tested for ability to differentiate between agglutination characteristics in patients with MI (n = 101) or angina pectoris without MI (AP) (n = 34) and healthy volunteers (HV) as control (n =68) . RBC agglutination was analyzed by light absorbance of a stirred RBC suspension in the green to red light spectrum in an agglutimeter (amtec, Leipzig, Germany) for 15 min after lectin addition. Mean cell count in aggregates was estimated from light absorbance by a mathematical model. Each lectin induced RBC agglutination. RCA led to the strongest RBC agglutination (~500 RBCs/aggregate), while the others induced substantially slower agglutination and lead to smaller aggregate sizes (5-150 RBCs/aggregate). For all analyzed lectins the lectin-induced RBC agglutination of MI or AP patients was generally higher than for HV. However, only PHA induced agglutination that clearly distinguished MI from HV. Variance analysis showed that aggregate size after 15 min. agglutination induced by PHA was significantly higher in the MI group (143 RBCs/ aggregate) than in the HV (29 RBC-s/aggregate, p = 0.000). We hypothesize that pathological changes during MI induce modification of the carbohydrate composition on the RBC membrane and thus modify RBC agglutination. Occurrence of carbohydrate-lectin binding sites on RBC membranes provides evidence about MI. Due to significant difference in the rate of agglutination between MI > HV the differentiation between these groups is possible based on PHA-induced RBC-agglutination. This novel assay could serve as a rapid, cost effective valuable new tool for diagnosis of MI.


Teaching is an art of setting of performing learning process for the sake of transferring knowledge to learners. For it is an art, composing aesthetic state and sense of comfort for those involved in the learning process is gently required. Such a kind of effort needs continuously implementing by rehearsal and training of performing learning process. This is then realized in what so called Microteaching.
Microteaching, as an organized practice teaching, is to give instructors confidence, support, and feedback by letting them try out among friends and colleagues a short slice of what they plan to do with their students. Microteaching is a quick, efficient, proven, and fun way to help teachers get off to a strong start.
Students at English Education Department still frequently find problems in conducting microteaching practice. The problems might be they are not able to keep teaching as long as the time provided. Therefore, they are not practicing optimally since they frequenlty have no idea about what to do next. Most of them choose to just end their microteaching practice.
As far as I have been observing the students in microteaching practive, I have already tried to apply several strategies to eliminate those problems. Recently, I apply to combine lesson plan and learning sceneario to cope with those problems. Although I have not expreimented this in a formal research, I strongly believe that learning scenario beneficially assist students to have better microteaching practice.