Abstract. The measurement of ammonia (NH3) in ambient air is a sensitive and priority topic due to its harmful effects on human health and ecosystems. NH3 emissions have continuously increased over the last century in Europe, because of intensive livestock practices and enhanced use of nitrogen-based fertilizers. European air quality monitoring networks monitor atmospheric NH3 amount fractions. However, the lack of stable reference gas mixtures (RGMs) at atmospheric amount fractions to calibrate NH3 analyzers is a common issue of the networks, which results in data that are not accurate, traceable and, thus, geographically comparable. In order to cover this lack, LNE developed, in close collaboration with the company 2M PROCESS, a gas reference generator to generate dynamically NH3 RGMs in air. The method is based on gas permeation and further dynamic dilution to obtain an amount fraction range between 1 and 400 nmol/mol. The calibration of the elements of the generator against LNE primary standards ensures the traceability of the RGMs to the international system of units. Furthermore, the highly accurate flow and oven temperature measurements of the reference generator, together with the associated calibration procedure defined by LNE, guarantee relative expanded uncertainties of the calibration of the NH3 analyzer calibrations lower than 2 % (coverage factor = 2). This result is very satisfactory considering the low NH3 amount fraction levels (1 to 400 nmol/mol) and the phenomena of adsorption and desorption, especially in the presence of traces of water on the surfaces in contact. A bilateral comparison was organized between METAS and LNE, consisting on the calibration of a PICARRO G2103 gas analyzer by both national metrology institutes (NMI). The results highlighted the good agreement between the NH3 reference generators developed by the two institutes and allowed to validate both LNE's reference generator and calibration procedure. The development of the NH3 reference generator has already raised great interest within the French air quality monitoring networks (AASQA). Since the end of 2020, LNE calibrated several NH3 analyzers of the networks. These requests shows the interest of the AASQA in the development of this new gas reference generator to guarantee the traceability of measurements carried out on the French territory.


Membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) allows on-line monitoring of the products of photolysis (254 nm) of benzyl acetate in aqueous methanol and 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl acetate in water. The reaction mixture is continuously exposed to a silicone membrane through which analyte molecules permeate into a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Ionization is achieved by either isobutane or ammonia chemical ionization, and ions characteristic of the reactant ester and its products are monitored simultaneously and continuously. Three products, benzyl methyl ether, ethylbenzene, and bibenzyl are observed in the benzyl acetate photolysis. Two products, 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol and 3,5-dimethoxyethylbenzene, are formed in the photolysis of 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl acetate. Quantitation is achieved through calibration using external standard solutions and, in the case of benzyl methyl ether, tandem mass spectrometry is used to verify product identification. During the photolysis of benzyl acetate, benzyl methyl ether and ethylbenzene are produced at onset with similar efficiencies. For the 3,5-dimethoxy ester photolysis, performed in aqueous solution, the efficiency of formation of the polar product 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol is about 300 times greater than that of the nonpolar product 3,5-dimethoxyethylbenzene. The results show that the relative reaction rates are dependent on the solvent and on the photon intensity and are consistent with earlier off-line experiments by Pincock et al. which showed that the photolysis proceeds through both ion and radical pair intermediates. To the best of our knowledge, the work reported here describes the first analysis of the photochemistry of an aralkyl ester in water and the first use of on-line mass spectrometry in a mechanistic study.


Asymmetric ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared from poly (ether sulfone) (PES) using N, N– dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent by phase inversion method. Solution cast PES membranes were homogeneous for all studied compositions, 12.5 to 20 % polymer and 87.5 to 80 % of solvent. The fabricated membranes were characterized for their UF performance such as pure water flux, water content and membrane hydraulic resistance and found to be moderate changes. It is estimated that the pure water flux of 20 % PES membrane increases from 12 to 76 l/m2.h, when the polymer concentration was decreased to 12.5 % in the casting solution. The membranes were also characterized for their separation performance through metal ions in aqueous solution. The percentage rejection of metal ions was increased while the permeate flux has decreasing trend.


A mathematical model for the combined top and bottom blowing VOD refining of stainless steel has been proposed. It is essentially based on the assumptions made for the AOD process of stainless steel under the conditions of combined side and top blowing in our previous work, but considering the effects of reduced ambient pressure and the degassing in the refining. The influence of the operational factors, the non‐isothermal conditions and others has all been considered. The model has been applied to 20 heats of 409L‐grade ferritic stainless steel refining in a 120 t VOD vessel. The results show that the changes in the composition and temperature of the steel during the whole refining process with the time can be precisely predicted by the model. The critical carbon concentration (after which the decarburization alters to be limited by the mass transfer of carbon in molten steel) for the combined blowing of 409L‐grade steel in this work is in the range of 0.119 to 0.182 mass%, in agreement essentially with that of the oxygen top blowing. The influences of the related factors on the refining effectiveness and the optimization of blowing technology have been examined from the model predictions. The model can offer useful information for determining and optimizing the technology of the VOD refining of stainless steel, and controlling the process in real time and online.


Studies involved various methods of averaged diurnal (circadian) changes of blood pressure in night shift workers and proved that blood pressure is lower during the night shifts, than in the day ones. But this decrease is insignificant and does not reach the level in night sleepers. Diurnal blood pressure profile averaged for large mass of night shift workers (for all hours during the work) could be assigned to non-dippers, i.e. insufficient night decrease of blood pressure, especially of dyastolic pressure. Insufficient decrease of blood pressure during the night shift could be estimated as unfavorable for health. From the other hand, some blood pressure decrease during the night shift could decrease the work quality.


The research is topical due to complex structure and multifactority of corruption in transition countries, its overcoming and prevention. The study is aimed to identify opportunities and assess the political experience of anti-corruption practices in transition countries, based on analysis of anti-corruption policy, in part e-government. Case study methods, systemic analysis of modernization processes in the political systems of transition countries, structural and functional analysis of anti-corruption policy, methods for predicting the success of transit processes in countries, modeling plausible scenarios of these processes were applied. Transitional systems are highly corrupt. There is institutional corruption in transition countries, i.e. corruption that has become a special institution regarding traumatic social transformation. The reason for institutionalization of corruption is weakness of transitional states, which has not yet become democratic. The use of information technology in political management becomes one of the leading criteria for democratization of political institutions, openness of political systems. Optimization of anti-corruption practices involves in part introduction of e-government. The consideration of e-government is methodologically comprehensive. The consequences of corruption relate to the redistribution of budget funds, various economic benefits, which are not always good for citizens. Economic growth is slowing down, the priorities of socio-economic development are distorted, the labor and entrepreneurial motivation of economic agents, is distorted. The experience of modernization of transformations and political reforms in different regions shows that one of the main factors determining specifics of political process is effectiveness of national models of anti-corruption practices in interests of citizens


In this study, we develop Janus membranes comprising a hydrophilic zwitterionic polymer layer and an omniphobic (all-liquid-repelling) porous substrate that simultaneously possess fouling and wetting resistances. An omniphobic membrane was first fabricated by attaching silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) to the fibers of a quartz fiber mat, creating multilevel re-entrant structures, followed by surface fluorination to reduce the surface energy. The Janus membrane was then fabricated by grafting a zwitterionic polymer brush layer via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization (ATRP) on the omniphobic substrate. Membrane characterizations, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and contact angle measurements, confirm that the surface hydrophilicity can be finely tuned by adjusting the duration of the ATRP reaction. Also, the zwitterionic polymer brush layer was confined on the top surface of the Janus membrane, rendering the surface hydrophilic, while the remaining part of the Janus membrane remained omniphobic, resisting the wicking of low-surface-tension liquids including ethanol and hexane. A static oil-fouling test showed that crude oil droplets irreversibly fouled an omniphobic membrane (without a hydrophilic top layer) in water. In contrast, oil droplets placed on the Janus membrane in air were immediately desorbed upon its immersion in water. Finally, we performed direct-contact membrane distillation (MD) experiments using a crude-oil-in-saline (NaCl) water emulsion as a feed solution, simulating highly saline oily wastewater. The Janus membrane exhibited superior wetting and fouling resistances, with a stable water flux and nearly perfect salt rejection, while an omniphobic membrane failed in the desalination process. Our work highlights the great potential of antiwetting and antifouling Janus membranes for water reclamation from challenging industrial wastewaters through MD.


Glucose infusions into the medial septal area attenuate memory impairments produced by concurrent intraseptal morphine injections. One possible explanation for these effects of glucose on memory is that the treatment modulates regional energy metabolism. As a test of this hypothesis, the present experiment determined whether intraseptal pyruvate injections could attenuate a spontaneous alternation impairment seen after intraseptal morphine injections. Intraseptal injections of morphine (4.0 nmol) 30 min prior to testing produced spontaneous alternation scores significantly lower than those in control groups. Morphine injections near, but outside, the septal region did not impair spontaneous alternation performance. The morphine-induced impairment was similarly reversed by coadministration of either glucose (18 nmol) or pyruvate (18 nmol) into the septum. These findings suggest that glucose may act through the tricarboxylic acid cycle by increasing the availability of ATP, augmenting the synthesis of certain neurotransmitters, or both.


Implied volatility estimation is one of the fundamental tasks for asset pricing and risk management. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of semi-supervised regression techniques to estimate an implied volatility surface from the real market option data. Specifically, we employ a transductive Gaussian field regression method since it is able to predict a distribution of the implied volatilities for unlabelled data using only partially labeled data. We've conducted simulation on S&P 500 index data before and after the global financial crisis with discussions of the observed empirical properties of the method.


The SARS CoV-2 pandemic brought unique challenges to healthcare workers and systems. Simulation teams improvised and scaled up to meet new educational needs. Children's hospitals worked to address the many issues surrounding COVID-19, including how to prepare facilities and staff to care for adult patients in the event of COVID patient overflow. This technical report describes the use of the teaching method rapid cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) to train interprofessional teams unaccustomed to working together. We detail how sessions were developed and implemented, particularly noting the need for an extended pre-briefing to optimize psychological safety. The RCDP model allowed for a high level of interaction throughout the simulations and the incorporation of new knowledge "on the go" during the sessions.


Numeric planning is known to be undecidable even under severe restrictions. Prior work investigated the decidability boundaries by restricting the expressiveness of the planning formalism in terms of the numeric functions allowed in conditions and effects. In this work, we fix one specific such formalism, simple numeric planning (SNP), which, while only allowing linear conditions and action effects to add constants, is still undecidable. We analyse the complexity of SNP by (1) restricting the number of numeric variables, and (2) restricting the causal structure. First, we concentrate on numeric planning with exactly one (numeric) variable. We present a pseudo-polynomial algorithm to solve such tasks, and show NP-hardness and PSPACE-membership for the corresponding decision problem. Second, we restrict the interaction between variables in terms of the causal graph. As our main result, we show that SNP with an arbitrary number of numeric causal-graph leaf variables is decidable, and lies in PSPACE if the propositional state space has fixed size.


With the rapid progress of economy and society, people have to undertake unprecedented consistent and severe stress. Bibliotherapy is an effective way to help people cope with psychological stress. By selecting and recommending specific reading materials to patients with mental illness or emotional disturbance, it facilitates patients recovery and rehabilitation. Currently existing bibliotherapy requires professional staffwith the background ofboth psychological and library service to give reading recommendation, which is quite labor costly and demanding, and the booklists for variant individuals need to be highly customized by therapists. To address this limitation, this chapter delivers an automatic reading recommendation solution for online bibliotherapy, whose aim is specifically for adolescents to manage their stress coming from study, family, peer relationship, self-cognition, to romantic relationship. The 6-week user study preliminarily demonstrated the effectiveness of the solution, in which the recommended articles hold both high-stress easing effect and good attractiveness. This chapter first gives a brief review of bibliotherapy and recommendation techniques in the literature. Then reports the design and implementation of our reading recommendation system for easing teens psychological stress. Finally some application interfaces are provided to demonstrate the usage of the system.


Objective—Recent advances support the current view of atherosclerosis as an inflammatory process that initiates and promotes lesion development to the point of acute thrombotic complications and clinical events. ApoE-deficient mice are a valuable model for studying the involvement of inflammatory mediators during atherogenesis. In this study, we investigated the correlation between atherosclerotic plaque development and expression of important pro- and antiinflammatory mediators during progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Methods and Results—Expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine receptors within aortic lesions increased during atherogenesis, as detected by real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In parallel, the number of inflammatory cells within lesions increased together with serum cholesterol and body weight. Interestingly, the majority of inflammatory mediators investigated reached their maximum expression values at 10 weeks of diet, followed by continuous decrease of their expression levels, whereas atherosclerotic plaque size further increased. We show that the expression pattern of these different inflammatory mediators mainly correlates with the amount of inflammatory cells present within the atherosclerotic lesions. Conclusion—Atherosclerosis might result from an imbalance between pro- and antiinflammatory mediators in response to endothelial injury induced by cholesterol-rich diet. These data provide important information on the expression kinetics of inflammatory mediators and point out the possible role of antiinflammatory cells during atherogenesis.


Wheezing-associated rhinovirus (RV) infections are associated with asthma development. We have shown that infection of immature mice with RV induces type 2 cytokine production and mucous metaplasia which is dependent on IL-33 and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and intensified by a second heterologous RV infection. We hypothesize that M2a macrophages are required for the exaggerated inflammation and mucous metaplasia in response to heterologous RV infection. Wild-type C57Bl/6J mice and LysMCre IL4Rα KO mice lacking M2a macrophages were treated as follows: (1) sham infection on day 6 of life plus sham on day 13 of life, (2) RV-A1B on day 6 plus sham on day 13, (3) sham on day 6 and RV-A2 on day 13, or (4) RV-A1B on day 6 and RV-A2 on day 13. Lungs were harvested one or seven days after the second infection. Wild-type mice infected with RV-A1B at day 6 showed an increased number of Arg1- and Retnla-expressing lung macrophages, indicative of M2a polarization. Compared to wild-type mice infected with RV on day 6 and 13 of life, the lungs of LysMCre IL4Rα KO mice undergoing heterologous RV infection showed decreased protein abundance of the epithelial-derived innate cytokines IL-33, IL-25 and TSLP, decreased ILC2s, decreased mRNA expression of IL-13 and IL-5, and decreased PAS staining. Finally, mRNA analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy of double-infected LysMCre IL4Rα KO mice showed reduced airway epithelial cell IL-33 expression, and treatment with IL-33 restored the exaggerated muco-inflammatory phenotype. Conclusion Early-life RV infection alters the macrophage response to subsequent heterologous infection, permitting enhanced IL-33 expression, ILC2 expansion and intensified airway inflammation and mucous metaplasia.


Neurons in human Alzheimer's disease acquire phenotypes that are also present in various cancers, including over-stabilization of the cytoskeleton, nuclear pleomorphism, decondensation of constitutive heterochromatin, and aberrant activation of the cell cycle. Unlike in cancer, in which cell cycle activation drives tumor formation, activation of the cell cycle in post-mitotic neurons is sufficient to induce neuronal death. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that abortive cell cycle activation is a consequence of pathogenic forms of tau, a protein that drives neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and related "tauopathies." We have combined network analysis of human Alzheimer's disease and mouse tauopathy with mechanistic studies in Drosophila to discover that pathogenic forms of tau drive abortive cell cycle activation by disrupting the cellular program that maintains neuronal identity. Mechanistically, we identify Moesin, a prognostic biomarker for cancer and mediator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as a major effector of tau-induced neurotoxicity. We find that aberrant activation of Moesin in neurons acts through the actin cytoskeleton to dysregulate the cellular program that maintains neuronal identity. Our study identifies mechanistic parallels between tauopathy and cancer and sets the stage for novel therapeutic approaches.


"Writing Galicia" explores a part of Europe's cultural and social landscape that has until now remained largely unmapped: the exciting body of creative work emerging since the 1970s from contact between the small Atlantic country of Galicia, in the far north-west of the Iberian peninsula, and the Anglophone world. Unlike the millions who participated in the mass migrations to Latin America during the 19th century, those who left Galicia for Northern Europe in their hundreds of thousands during the 1960s and 1970s have remained mostly invisible both in Galicia and in their host countries. This study traces the innovative mappings of Galician cultural history found in literary works by and about Galicians in the Anglophone world, paying particular attention to the community of 'London Galicians' and their descendants, in works by artists (Isaac Diaz Pardo), novelists (Carlos Duran, Manuel Rivas, Xesus Fraga, Xelis de Toro, and Almudena Solana) and poets (Ramiro Fonte, Xavier Queipo, and Erin Moure). The central argument of "Writing Galicia" is that the imperative to rethink Galician discourse on emigration cannot be separated from the equally urgent project to re-examine the foundations of Galician cultural nationalism, and that both projects are key to Galicia's ability to participate effectively in a 21st-century world. Its key theoretical contribution is to model a relational approach to Galician cultural history, which allows us to reframe this small Atlantic culture, so often dismissed as peripheral or minor, as an active participant in a network of relation that connects the local, national and global.


There is substantial evidence that airborne particulate matter (PM) contributes to haze, acid rain, global climate change, and decreased life expectancy. Many recent studies have reported that a large fraction of airborne PM could be attributed to fugitive PM (fPM). The developing arid and semi-arid regions, in particular, are facing the biggest brunt of fPM usually ascribed to the regionally transported dust. On the other hand, the rapid expansion of their metropolitan cities is contributing a considerable amount of locally induced fPM which makes it a prominent environmental and health stressor in these areas. Based on field measurements and dispersion modelling, this thesis aims to: (i) measure fPM from two common sources (loose soils and non-exhaust traffic) in areas with arid desert climates, (ii) derive representative emission models, and (iii) assess their overall environmental and health impacts.
For this thesis, on site measurements and samples of PM (<10 µm diameter) were collected. Source apportionment was performed to determine the contributions of individual sources. Dispersion modelling and regression analysis were used to derive emission models for loose Calcisols (a prominent soil in the subject areas) and vehicle-induced fPM (VfPM). Finally, our derived models were used along with the state-of-the-art practices (i.e., regional emission models and the World Health Organization's (WHO) Environmental Burden of Disease (EBD) method) to determine the environmental and health impacts of local fPM. Several important findings were extracted from the above analysis: (i) fPM from different origins contribute more than 60% of the urban PM in arid areas, (ii) power law emission models with wind speed dependence were derived for loose Calcisols soil, (iii) emission factors were derived for VfPM using linear regression and were close to values reported in USA, (iv) EBD estimates found that fPM may lead to ~ 11.0 times higher short-term excess mortalities compared to constant database measurements.


There has been little attempt to relate well‐known educational approaches in autism to increased psychological understanding about the condition. This paper addresses that gap. Four discrete educational approaches to autism (Higashi, Lovaas, Option, TEACCH), and two 'eclectic' approaches (SPELL, one LEA specific), are explored within the context of four psychological interpretations of autism. Our purpose is to better understand how the different educational approaches in autism align with, or diverge from, the core purposes of teachers, namely to develop independence and critical thought to the optimum level possible for individual pupils, irrespective of their underlying condition.


Heart diseases due to myocardial ischemia, such as myocardial infarction or ischemic heart failure, are major causes of death in developed countries, and their number is unfortunately still growing. Preliminary exploration into the pathophysiology of ischemia-reperfusion injury, together with the accumulation of clinical evidence, led to the discovery of ischemic preconditioning, which has been the main hypothesis for over three decades for how ischemia-reperfusion injury can be attenuated. The subcellular pathophysiological mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning-induced cardioprotection is not well understood, but extensive research into components, including autacoids, ion channels, receptors, subcellular signaling cascades, and mitochondrial modulators, as well as strategies for modulating these components, has made evolutional progress. Owing to the accumulation of both basic and clinical evidence, the idea of ischemic postconditioning with a cardioprotective potential has been discovered and established, making it possible to apply this knowledge in the clinical setting after ischemia-reperfusion insult. Another a great outcome has been the launch of translational studies that apply basic findings for manipulating ischemia-reperfusion injury into practical clinical treatments against ischemic heart diseases. In this review, we discuss the current findings regarding the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury, the associated protective mechanisms of ischemic pre- and postconditioning, and the potential seeds for molecular, pharmacological, or mechanical treatments against ischemia-reperfusion injury, as well as subsequent adverse outcomes by modulation of subcellular signaling mechanisms (especially mitochondrial function). We also review emerging translational clinical trials and the subsistent clinical comorbidities that need to be overcome to make these trials applicable in clinical medicine.


Unlike the inertness of bulk water, water microdroplets exhibit some remarkable reactivities. We report that water microdroplets can directly produce stable C7H7+ cations (a combination of benzylic and tropylium cations) from toluene and other substrates at room temperature with a positive voltage (+4 kV) applied to the droplet spray source. The C7H7+ cation and the benzyl radical (C6H5CH2·) are both generated via hydroxyl radicals at the water-gas interface of the microdroplets. The C7H7+ signal is observed directly by mass spectrometry. Dissolved amines (primary, secondary, and tertiary) in the microdroplets can react with both C7H7+ and C6H5CH2· to form the corresponding alkyl C(sp3)-N coupling products in one step, which cannot be achieved in bulk water or other solvents. The products were identified using tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Notably, the direct C(sp3)-N bond formation products were obtained in the absence of a catalyst. In the presence of a radical scavenger, the mass spectra of the C(sp3)-N coupling products are strongly suppressed, which supports the hypothesis that this reaction is driven by hydroxyl radicals generated in the water microdroplets. Taken together, these results show that water microdroplets provide a new method for direct one-step C(sp3)-N bond formation without the need for a metal catalyst.


Resumo The fresh concrete lateral pressure generates a load that has great influence in the design of the formworks of columns, walls and lateral faces of the beams.Its prediction must be performed in such a way in order to approach precisely well over the rate values supported by the formworks, avoiding, therefore, the oversizing or undersizing of these temporary structures which represent up to 12% of the total cost of the construction. The calculation of the lateral pressure that fresh concrete exerts on the formworks involves several variables; one of them is the placement rate. The main objective of this work was to study the influence of the placement rate, in situ, on the lateral pressure of fresh concrete calculated from theoretical models presented by norms and international references. For this purpose, measurements of the placement rate were conducted on columns of five building work places at Goiânia city, Goiás, Brazil and it was calculated the maximum pressure supported by their respective formworks from the dimensions and spans between the supports of the components that constituted them. The obtained results indicate that the placement rate in the field observations reach 249 m/h, exceeding the values limited by the theoretical methods of calculation, and that the lateral pressure estimation produced from the placement rate measured in situ exceed the maximum values supported by the formworks up to 604 times. Thus, it was concluded that it is necessary to adjust equations to estimate the lateral pressure of fresh concrete at high rate of concrete placement, according to the current practices in the construction market.


Objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory infections in infants and children. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical significance of respiratory infections as single pathogen RSV, respiratory viruses with RSV and those with bronchiolitis caused by other respiratory viruses. Methods: A total of 316 throat swabs were collected from children diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the viruses in the samples. The subjects were divided into three groups: single pathogen RSV, agents with RSV and agents without RSV. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the corelation between single and multiple RSV infection group and infections without RSV group for parameters including age, wheezing, supplemental oxygen therapy. Results: The overall positivity for viruses in the study was found to be 75% with a co-infection rate of 34.2%. Compared to children with RSV alone, children with any other agents accompanying RSV, were not very likely to have fever, wheezing or supplemental oxygen therapy. Conclusions: The findings of our study suggest that RSV still represents a large burden of bronchiolitis since it is associated with the hospitalization of children, particularly those less than six months old. We can not foresee the clinical presentation of specific agent or agents in connection to being with or without RSV in infants with any level of bronchiolitis. The study agrees with the concept that co infections with or without RSV do not increase the severity of the disease.


The development of computer technology and telecommunications right now has changed the way society communicates. The technology used to communicate exists since the first Internet presence, that is to say by using the electronic mail. Email is a technology that allows everyone to communicate by sending messages or files. As with other ways that can be used to read and send emails, use the email client application. Email client is an application installed on a computer device used to access the email account on an email server, the email client does not need to use a browser application. But as long as this classification on email is still done manually on the part where the file storage download. To resolve the issue ranking of emails can be done automatically according to the name of the subject of e-mail, messages or files that are entered on the e-mail client of the application can then be downloaded and the data to download are stored in the folder that corresponds to the name of the subject e-mail, so that a message or file will be stored in a folder, it gives the convenience classification for mail client application mail user electronic with the number of messages or files that are much more consistent with the existing keywords in the subject of the email. This email client application can create folders automatically when downloading messages. Then, the downloaded file will be stored in the folder corresponding to the name of the subject. The file extension downloaded * .ml, the file can be opened via the mail client application. The mail client application can run on Windows and Linux operating systems.


It has long been suggested that living systems, in particular the brain, may operate near some critical point. How about machines? Through dynamical stability analysis on various computer vision models, we find direct evidence that optimal deep neural network performance occur near the transition point separating stable and chaotic attractors. In fact modern neural network architectures push the model closer to this edge of chaos during the training process. Our dissection into their fully connected layers reveals that they achieve the stability transition through self-adjusting an oscillation-diffusion process embedded in the weights. Further analogy to the logistic map leads us to believe that the optimality near the edge of chaos is a consequence of maximal diversity of stable states, which maximize the effective expressivity.


A 25-year-old man undergoing splenectomy at 3 years of age to treat idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura but no history of Streptococcus pneumonia vaccination, and reporting high fever, nausea, and headache developed purpura, confusion, and hypotension the next day and was admitted. Detailed examination showed disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple-organ dysfunction. Chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) showed pneumonia and pleural effusion. Blood culture was positive for S. pneumoniae. Gram staining of sputa yielded numerous white blood cells and gram-negative rods, and sputa culture was positive for Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus influenzae. The medical history and presence of these organisms yielded a diagnosis of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI), and the patient responded to treatment with a combination of benzylpenicillin, cefotaxime, and meropenem. This case suggests that patients with a history of splenectomy may benefit from vaccination for S. pneumoniae and adequate education on OPSI.


Three-dimensional image reconstruction plays a very important role in noninvasive diagnosis of biological systems and nondestructive evaluation of manufactured work-pieces. A new direct three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, called TART (Three-dimensional ART), is presented in this paper. Oblique projection data are used and an ART-based algorithm is introduced to compensate for the limiting constraints of incomplete projection and/or limited angular coverage. The fact that oblique projection gives useful information to the reconstruction algorithm is shown mathematically. The algorithm can be used to solve the reconstruction problem under the conditions of both complete data and incomplete data. The algorithm first maps geometric information and projection data from an oblique plane into a horizontal plane, then calculates the weighting factors for the voxels based on this horizontal plane, and finally performs a 3-D ART reconstruction. Two experimental results illustrate the superiority of the algorithm over the previous reconstruction methods.


Malignant melanoma is fatal skin cancer when detected and treated early prognosis will be good. Recent reports indicate rising incidence globally. This case study indicates how the people neglect the problems so much. A female patient aged 65 years presented with a painful non healing ulcer with pigmented margins of eighteen months duration on plantar aspect of the right heel. Three lymph nodes were present in the right inguinal region aspirated and obtained tarry coloured fluid revealed malignant melanoma cells with melanin pigment. Biopsy report confirmed the diagnosis that nodular aggregates of infiltrating melanoma cells with melanin pigment in the background of necrosis. Malignant melanoma remains one of the most challenging malignant neoplasm, particularly in developing countries where majority of patients present with late stage disease. Size of the ulcer indicates negligence of the patient. Health education may lead to future decline in morbidity and mortality.


A model-potential technique is used to calculated wave functions and energy eigenvalues for quartet levels of B III. Transition wavelengths and probabilities, oscillator strengths and radiative decay lifetimes are presented. Some assignments which have been proposed for lines observed in beam-foil spectra of boron are confirmed but it is suggested that some lines have been incorrectly classified.


This paper describes the introduction of biophysical constraints into a disaggregated dynamic New Keynesian (DYNK) model using the example of different resource use scenarios for Europe, derived from global UNEP scenarios. The DYNK model covers 59 industries and five income groups of households and has similar features to a DSGE model (e.g. QUEST). The model solution converges towards a long-run full employment equilibrium, but exhibits short-run institutional rigidities (imperfect credit and capital markets, wage bargaining). The DYNK model links physical energy and material flow data to production and consumption activities. Different sources of technical change are modelled at the disaggregate level: TFP, factor-bias and material efficiency in production and energy efficiency in private consumption. These components of technical change drive – together with relative prices – economic growth and resource use and therefore decoupling. A scenario of modest resource use reduction (per capita) is implemented by shifting the bias of technological change from labour/capital saving to energy/resource saving. As one example for a scenario of radical reduction of resource use per capita, the radical reduction of energy demand and GHG emissions is analysed. The results show the various interlinkages between different categories of material flows, which lead to co-benefits of policies. Further policy options are discussed (re-use and recycling of material in key industries, structural change in agriculture) and shall be analysed in a follow-up of this paper.


The presence of an ipsilateral aneurysm in stenosis of the internal carotid artery is determined by the findings of CT angiography in 1.8-3.2% of cases. The available literature has described a wide variety of treatment for this pathology: isolated or alternate, with a method of simultaneous endovascular treatment, i. e., carotid stenting and endovascular embolization of an aneurysm, currently gaining popularity. The major difficulties associated with therapeutic decision-making in this cohort of patients include stage-wise nature, temporal parameters, the need for removal of an intracranial aneurysm, and assessment of perioperative complications. A clinical case report presented herein is an example of a method of a hybrid approach, i. e., simultaneously performing carotid endarterectomy and endovascular embolization of an aneurysm. In certain cases (anatomical variants, structure of an atherosclerotic plaque, individual peculiarities), this approach is more justified than popularity-gaining simultaneous endovascular treatment.


Background The PEACE (Proactive Elderly Advance Care) plan supports proactive planning of community care escalation through documenting patient wishes and communicating these with care stakeholders in primary and secondary care. It has been shown to reduce inappropriate re-admissions to hospitals at the end of life. Since September 2018, Broomfield Hospital has been promoting the use of the PEACE plan for elderly patients at the end of life being transferred to care homes. During rollout, it became apparent that there was a need to improve understanding amongst doctors about the indications for the document and their competence in its completion as well as related communication with patients and carers. Aims To assess local impact of using the PEACE plan and competency in completion, derive relevant training needs, and coordinate the provision of multimodal education interventions. Method A 1-year pilot study of PEACE plan completion and patient outcomes was implemented across two elderly care wards with Gold Standards Framework accreditation. An online confidence and knowledge questionnaire was completed by junior medical doctors and the results were used to model a training programme. Results The majority of patients died within the year. Only 8% were readmitted, most were turned around within hours. The questionnaire indicates that, although most junior doctors were aware of the plan, only half had completed the form at the trust. Overall confidence in completing the plan was below expected and discussing artificial nutrition and hydration was a particular area of concern. Conclusions The PEACE plan reduced inappropriate re-admissions to Broomfield hospital at the end of life. Specific training is required to improve knowledge and confidence of junior doctors before its introduction to all medical wards. This will be delivered as presentations, simulation workshops with a focus on communication skills, and multimedia instructional aids.


Abstract The ubiquitous oceanic copepod Calanus finmarchicus is the major link between primary producers and important fish stocks in the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas. Despite over a century of research on growth and development of this key species, the effect of predation risk on these processes remains elusive. We tested how food level and chemical cues from a fish predator influence growth and development of C. finmarchicus, using a predator naïve laboratory population. Copepods reached adult stage earlier both in response to high food and to predator cues in our experiment. High food also increased growth and lipid accumulation. In contrast, perceived predation risk triggered reduced size and lipid fullness, indicating a decoupling of growth and development rates. Our results demonstrate that chemical predator cues can influence life history strategies in C. finmarchicus, and suggest that present and future patterns in oceanic zooplankton size and population dynamics may also reflect differences in predation risk.


A comprehensive topological classification of vortices and their end-point Dirac monopoles is formulated in gauge theories with an arbitrary compact Lie group. By way of homotopy theory, a simple analysis is presented for the global groups U(1), O(3), and SU(2), then SU(N)/Z/sub N/ and SU(N). Finite vortices are achieved through the complementarity of Dirac strings and the nodal lines of the Higgs fields. In general, the varieties of topologically distinct vortices or monopoles are determined solely by the connectivity of the global group, specified by a discrete Abelian fundamental group. The close connection between our work and the Wu-Yang global formulation of gauge fields is pointed out. (AIP)


In the elderly, H1-antihistamine therapy is commonly prescribed for treatment of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, pruritus, eczema, urticaria, and for prophylaxis of anaphylactoid reactions. Second-generation H1-receptor antagonists provide excellent, safe, and effective alternatives to first-generation antihistamines in this population, as in younger patients. As with all medications, the choice of which agent to use must be tailored to the needs of the individual. Treatment should be planned with consideration of concomitant medications and potential drug-drug interactions and drug-disease interactions. First-generation antihistamines should not be used for treatment of allergic rhinitis or urticaria in the elderly. Age-related physiological changes can enhance or complicate the actions of H1-receptor antagonists, especially when these drugs are taken concurrently with other medications and/or in the presence of comorbid disease. Adjustments in dosages are necessary when some agents are used in patients with renal and/or hepatic disease; however, overall, the use of the newer nonsedating antihistamines is safe, effective, and gratifying in the elderly.


Anion-exchange membranes 3362W and AM-203 were evaluated for facilitating the concentration of β-Naphthalenesulfonic acid by electrodialysis. The effect of concentration, temperature, electric current and time on the electrodialysis process were studied. Experimental results indicated that electrodialysis was an effective method for concentrating β-Naphthalenesulfonic acid at 25℃. Higher efficiencies were not obtained at high temperature. The overall current efficiency was 80%~95%.


BackgroundSocioeconomic deprivation has been identified as a risk factor for psychosis and admission rates for psychosis are higher in deprived areas than more affluent areas. However, social gradients exist in many mental health conditions and it is unclear if this relationship is particularly important for psychosis.
ObjectivesThe present study assesses whether there is a stronger relationship between the socioeconomic deprivation of an area and its rate of psychiatric admissions for psychosis than there is for other mental health diagnoses.
MethodsWe linked a large dataset of routinely recorded psychiatric admissions from the Welsh National Health Service to small area indices of socio-economic deprivation (the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation). Poisson generalised linear mixed effects models were applied to stratified admission count data to test whether the relationship between deprivation and admission rates was stronger for psychosis admissions than for non-psychosis admissions. Data from Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (19,437 patients) were used as a discovery sample and an analysis protocol was pre-registered before being applied to data from the rest of Wales (116,641 patients).
FindingsIn both samples, admission rates were higher in more deprived areas. In the discovery sample, this relationship was stronger for psychosis admissions than for other types of admission. However, in the larger replication dataset, this was not the case and the social gradient in admissions was equivalently steep for the two diagnosis categories.
ConclusionsAlthough socio-economic deprivation was a risk factor for admission with psychosis, it is not a stronger risk factor for psychosis than for other psychiatric categories. Theoretical accounts of the relationship between psychosis and poverty should focus on factors common across mental health, rather than factors specific to psychosis.


The aim of this research are to understand teacher competence relation with organisation practice in PTS. Responden in this research are profesional teacher this receive sertificate profesional from Dikti with 2008 until 2009. The sum of profesional certificate teacher 441 person, in the 2008 size 228 teacher and 2009 size 213 person. Sample zise 120 teacher all of university in PTS central Java. The tool use are descriptive analysis and SEM with AMOS Program serie 5. The results will describe below: 1). The teacher competence are not relationship with compesation returns. 2) The teacher competence are not alignment with of performance. 3). The competence teacher are not contribution to organisation strategy. 4). The high level education are not improve the teacher compensation. 5). The high level education this improve the teacher compensation. 6). The experience will be improve the teacher compensation. 7). The experience will be improve job performance. 8). The experience are not results the teacher competence. 9). The compensation will be improve the teacher compensation. 10). The compentasion are not give the contribution organisastion strategy. 11). The performance will be improve the contribution strategy. Key Word: Competence, compensation, experience, education, performance, organisation strategy. PENDAHULUAN


Inverse kinematics of manipulator comprises the computation required to find the joint angles for a given Cartesian position and orientation of the end effector. There is no unique solution for the inverse kinematics thus necessitating application of appropriate predictive models from the soft computing domain. Artificial neural network and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system techniques can be gainfully used to yield the desired results. This paper proposes structured artificial neural network (ANN) model and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to find the inverse kinematics solution of robot manipulator. The ANN model used is a multi-layered perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN). Wherein, gradient descent type of learning rules is applied. An attempt has been made to find the best ANN configuration for the problem. It is found that ANFIS gives better result and minimum error as compared to ANN.


Background FcγRs are involved in regulation of synovial activation and bone destruction during immune complex (IC)-mediated arthritis. The balance between activating FcγRs (FcγRI,III and IV) and inhibiting FcγRII determines synovial activation. Here we investigated the particular role of activating FcγRIV in bone erosion in IC-mediated antigen induced arthritis (AIA) by comparing FcγRI,II,III,IV-/- mice, FcγRI,II,III-/- mice and wild type controls (WT). Material and methods AIA was induced by injection of mBSA into knee joints of mice previously immunised with mBSA/CFA. Joint inflammation, bone destruction, number of TRAP+ osteoclasts and S100A8/A9 positive cells was determined using histology and immunohistochemistry. In vitro osteoclastogenesis was assessed using TRAP staining. Results Seven days after induction of AIA, we observed decreased inflammation and bone erosion in the knee joints of FcγRI,II,III,IV-/- mice compared to WT. The ability of bone marrow cells of FcγRI,II,III,IV-/- mice to differentiate into osteoclasts in vitro was comparable to the one of WT controls. Moreover, we observed comparable numbers of TRAP+ osteoclasts on the bone surface of FcγRI/II/III/IV-/- and WT arthritic mice, suggesting that the observed decrease in bone erosion is mainly caused by a reduced osteoclast activity, rather than decreased osteoclast number. However, in contrast to FcγRI/II/III/IV-/-, AIA induction in knee joints of FcγRI/II/III -/- resulted in increased bone erosion and inflammation compared to WT, highlighting the possible crucial role of FcγRIV in the pathology. Interestingly, the increased cell influx in FcγRI/II/III-/- mainly consisted of PMNs, whereas induction of AIA resulted in decreased PMN number in FcγRI/II/III/IV-/-, compared to their WT controls. This observation suggests that particularly FcγRIV is involved in regulating influx of PMNs. PMNs are potent producers of alarmins S100A8/A9 which are described to promote osteoclast activity. In line the number of S100A8/A9 positive cells in synovium was increased in FcγRI/II/III-/- while decreased in FcγRI/II/III/IV-/-, compared to their WT control. Conclusions FcγRIV promotes bone erosion in AIA by enhancing influx of PMNs within the synovium. PMNs are potent producers of S100A8/A9 which has been described to induce osteoclast activity.


To properly fuse IMU and camera information for robotics applications, the relative timestamp offset between both sensors' data streams has to be considered. However, finding the exact timestamp offset is often impossible. Thus, it is necessary to additionally consider the offset's uncertainty if we want to produce reliable results. In order to find the offset and its uncertainty, we determine orientation estimates from IMU and camera under interval uncertainty. Subsequently, these intervals are used as a common representation for our bounded-error approach that finds an interval enclosing the true offset while also modeling the uncertainty. Calibration data can be acquired in a few seconds using a simple setup of IMU, camera and camera target. Results using both simulated and real data demonstrate that we are able to determine the offset to an accuracy of 20 ms with a computation time that is suitable for future online applications. Here, our approach could be used to monitor the timestamp offset in a guaranteed way. Additionally, our method can be adapted to determine an interval for the rotation between both sensors. While this increases the computation time drastically, it also enhances the accuracy of the timestamp offset to less than 10 ms.


Background: Road Traffic Accident related (RTA) deaths are common in young Ghanaian adults and are therefore of public health concern. Reliable data on the categories of victims who are commonly involved and the patterns and outcomes RTA are limited in Ghana. The aim of this study was to describe the spectrum of road traffic relateddeaths in Accra Ghana, the demographic characteristics of the victims and the immediate causes of death using a retrospective autopsy study. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective autopsy study conducted in our institution from 1st January 2004 to 31st December 2013. The data was analysed using SPSS software (Version 23). Results: During the period under review, 6.1% of all coroner autopsy performed in our institutions were RTArelated deaths. The younger age 20-29 years group, were commonly involved (22.2%) with male predominance (77.7%). The victims of RTA-related deaths were pedestrians (59.9%), passengers (19.3%), motor riders (8.7%), drivers (6.8%) cyclists (2.2%) and pillion riders (1.5%). The mean ages in years of these victims were: pedestrians (37.6), passengers (37.0), drivers (39.1), motor riders (32.0) pillion riders (31.7) and cyclists (37.2). The common immediate causes of deaths in all the victims were head injury, multiple bony and soft tissue injuries. Conclusion: Approximately 6.1% of all coroner autopsies performed during the study period were RTA-related deaths, particularly the young male adults. The most affected victims were the pedestrian knockdowns, passengers and motor riders. Majority of the victims died of severe head injury and multiple bony and soft tissues injuries and died as a result of these injuries.


A new @Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited costs apx $40k but they want extra each month so you can send voice texts through uconnect #NickleAndDime


There are many factors that can influence the effectiveness of any risk management
strategy, in the case of whole-body vibration exposure many problems are faced with
the quantification of risk, measurement of risk and subsequent risk reduction. The
quantification of vibration effects is equally as complex as the quantification of vibration
itself. Exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) causes a distribution of motions and
forces within the human body and to complicate matters the transmission of vibration
to the body is also dependent on body posture. To-date there has been little attempt to
accurately reflect many of the typical postures and vibration environments experienced
by operators of earth moving machines in a laboratory setting. The overall aim of the
thesis was to determine the variability between humans, machines and task
environments in order to provide knowledge to inform improvements in methods of risk
management for whole-body vibration exposure. The field measurement phase of the
research focused on characterising features of whole-body vibration exposure among
operators of earthmoving machines throughout a range of industry sectors. Some of
the biggest industries; coal mining, quarries, and construction were targeted to obtain
data on the types of machines for which very little was previously available. Research
was carried out under real operating conditions to investigate the nature of
occupational exposure to whole-body vibration and to determine the causes of
variability between measurements. The laboratory phase of the research simulated the
conditions of the 'real working environment' observed in the field study in order to
examine how twisted non-neutral postures could influence the biomechanical,
performance and workload responses of humans.
The machines with the greatest vibration emission were generally those that spent
most of their time tracking. The worst machine for vibration exposure was a challenger
85D tracked tractor towing a 'hex' attachment. Operators of this machine would exceed
the EU Physical Agents Exposure Limit Value in about 2.5 hours. The next most
severe earth moving machines were bulldozers and tracked loaders and with long
working hours typically observed in industry some of these machines would also
exceed the ELV in a working day. The influence of variability between work cycles was
found to be a particular problem for the bulldozer and excavator machines, variation
between work cycles exceeded the 25% variance limit criteria. If these machines were
targeted for a WBV health risk assessment then the measurement durations will need
to take account of this variation in the extrapolation to an 8-hour exposure. The
operators of these tracked machines were also found to adopt non-neutral twisted
postures during reversing manoeuvres. The twisted posture adopted by the bulldozer
and tracked loader operators was recreated in the laboratory. Findings demonstrated
that operators are likely to be putting their necks in a vulnerable position in the twisted
posture due to the large increase in rotational movement at the head during exposure
to vibration. Decrements in reaction time performance and increases in workload were
also found while individuals were sat in a twisted posture and exposed to vibration.


Bortezomib induces remissions in 30%-50% of patients with relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Conversely, more than half of patients' tumors are intrinsically resistant to bortezomib. The molecular mechanism of resistance has not been defined. We generated a model of bortezomib-adapted subclones of the MCL cell lines JEKO and HBL2 that were 40- to 80-fold less sensitive to bortezomib than the parental cells. Acquisition of bortezomib resistance was gradual and reversible. Bortezomib-adapted subclones showed increased proteasome activity and tolerated lower proteasome capacity than the parental lines. Using gene expression profiling, we discovered that bortezomib resistance was associated with plasmacytic differentiation, including up-regulation of IRF4 and CD38 and expression of CD138. In contrast to plasma cells, plasmacytic MCL cells did not increase immunoglobulin secretion. Intrinsically bortezomib-resistant MCL cell lines and primary tumor cells from MCL patients with inferior clinical response to bortezomib also expressed plasmacytic features. Knockdown of IRF4 was toxic for the subset of MCL cells with plasmacytic differentiation, but only slightly sensitized cells to bortezomib. We conclude that plasmacytic differentiation in the absence of an increased secretory load can enable cells to withstand the stress of proteasome inhibition. Expression of CD38 and IRF4 could serve as markers of bortezomib resistance in MCL. This study has been registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00131976.


In this paper, the author uses the planning cycle developed by Cedefop to compare Vocational Education and Training in England and Bulgaria. In the initial phase he uses reports from the EU, OECD and Cedefop to define the issues being faced in both countries. For the conceptualisation phase, the author focuses on the development of the National Qualifications Framework. Formal adoption is represented by the classification of individual vocational courses. The operational phase is interpreted as: the structure and organisation of schools; the curriculum framework; examples of vocational courses in schools and colleges; and work-based learning. Finally, a range of analytical strategies at: student; school; municipality; and national level are used to illustrate the monitoring, evaluation and impact phase.


Purpose of review To examine the factors predictive of recurrence for soft tissue sarcomas, the role of salvage therapy, and the data in support of current surveillance strategies. Recent findings There are multiple primary tumor characteristics and other factors that can stratify patients into low- or high-risk groups for developing recurrent disease. The available data also support a limited role for salvage therapy in the setting of isolated local recurrence or distant metastases. The use of routine chest computed tomography as opposed to conventional chest x-ray for pulmonary surveillance is costly and provides little additional benefit if the risk for lung metastases is low. When examined scientifically, standard laboratory studies and surveillance imaging of the primary tumor site for extremity soft tissue sarcomas add little to the detection of recurrent disease. In addition to predictive variables, physician experience and opinion influence surveillance strategies. Summary For soft tissue sarcomas, patient education and office visits with thorough history and physical examination will detect the vast majority of recurrent disease. Routine surveillance imaging is only of significant benefit if the risk for asymptomatic recurrence is high or if other factors make clinical assessment difficult. There is no benefit to basic laboratory studies in standard follow-up regimens.


An outpatient urodynamic study allows simultaneous recording of bladder, urethral and abdominal pressures over a long duration with physiological bladder filling and under outpatient conditions. One hundred and eighteen outpatient urodynamic recordings were performed in patients presenting with disturbances of micturition such as urinary incontinence or dysuria. In the group of incontinent patients, the outpatient urodynamic recording was superior to the standard urodynamic assessment for the diagnosis of unstable bladder (p < 0.001). In the group of dysuric patients, the outpatient urodynamic recording allowed a precise evaluation of the detrusor activity and a simplified assessment of micturition. Its use combined with a urecholine test allows analysis of the onset, duration and intensity of action of the drug in comparison with a standard test.


Abstract Kite aerial photography (KAP) involves the use of large kites to lift compact camera systems for capturing images of ground features. Our goal has been to develop equipment and techniques for infrared kite aerial photography. Attempting to conduct infrared photography from kites has proven to be a considerable challenge for several reasons. Among the most important limitations are those inherent in infrared film and conventional cameras. Infrared film has no ISO speed rating, and camera light meters do not measure infrared energy in the scene. Furthermore, KAP equipment should be relatively compact, rugged, light weight, and inexpensive. We have designed, built, and field tested two KAP rigs based on the Canon EOS RebelX camera, which is a 35-mm, full-featured, SLR camera. Our first rig is a dual-camera setup, in which the cameras take simultaneous color-visible and color-infrared photographs. This rig has radio control of the camera shutters. Camera tilt and pan positions are set manually prior to each flight. The second rig is for a single camera (color-infrared only); the rig has full radio control for pan, tilt, and shutter. The dual-camera rig weighs 1.5 kg, and the single-camera rig is just over 1 kg. Based on considerable field testing, we have determined appropriate manual light settings under full-sun conditions–1/250 shutter speed and f-9.5 aperture. Our preliminary results suggest that infrared KAP may be valuable for detailed investigations of vegetation, soils, and other environmental features.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of a health maintenance reminder (HMR) on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine administration and completion across different age, insurance, and race cohorts.

STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective pre-post analysis.

SETTING
Academic primary care.

METHODS
Patients aged 9 to 26 who had initiated the HPV vaccine series from 2016 to 2021 were analyzed, based on current age-based standards. The cohort was divided based on vaccine uptake before and after the implementation of the HMR program in February 2020. The multivariate analysis estimated the odds of vaccine completion based on sociodemographic factors, and variable interactions were investigated to determine independent associations between sociodemographic factors and HMR implementation.

RESULTS
There were 7654 individual patients (mean age was 15.8 years; 46.7 were males; and 50.7% were white). HPV vaccine completion rates increased post-HMR implementation by 59.2% (37% pre-, and 58.9% post-HMR; p < .001) in the entire cohort. Overall, black patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60, 0.70) and patients ≥18 years (aOR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.15) were significantly less likely to complete their vaccine series; however, this improved significantly following HMR in these groups (p < .001). Post-HMR, race, and insurance status were not independently associated with disparate vaccine completion rates, however, age was, and patients ≤14 or younger had higher odds of vaccine completion (aOR = 3.54; 95% CI: 2.91, 4.32).

CONCLUSION
The implementation of an HMR was associated with increased HPV vaccine uptake across age and race groups in this single-institution study. Future research should explore barriers to implementing HMRs in different healthcare settings.


The crisis laid bare the historical divergences within Europe, and led to a European crisis and a new stage in the global crisis. The existing policies in Europe has three fundamental flaws: First, they assume that the problem is a lack of fiscal discipline and repeats the old faith in strengthening the surveillance of budget deficits; it does not question the reasons behind the deficits; it ignores all the structural problems regarding divergence in productivity, and imbalances in current accounts due to the "beggar my neighbour" policies of Germany. Second, they are based on the argument that Europe has a sovereign debt crisis, which ignores the fact that public debt would not have increased at the current rates if it were not for the financial crisis, which was prevented by unprecedented bank rescue packages; which in turn increased the budget deficits along with loss in tax revenues and increased social spending because of the crisis. Third, they deny the underlying reason behind the current crisis, which was increased inequality in the distribution of income and wealth –a fundamental feature of neoliberal capitalism.


Indonesia is recently facing the fertilizer issue as the shortage supply of subsidized fertilizers is aligned with the increasing price of non-subsidized ones. So, it eventually resulted in the unstable price of agricultural commodities. The issue has been becoming an obstacle for farmers practising agricultural cultivation, particularly those in Batang Tajongkek Village, Pariaman, West Sumatra Province. It needs to develop its potential for natural resources to make organic fertilizer from cow manure. Furthermore, the solution supports the government program on establishing integrated agriculture. Two activities were conducted to empower the area's potentials, which were counselling and composting demos, respectively. The aim was to ensure knowledge transfer to the farmers regarding the technology and critical method of cow manure composting. During the counselling, the farmers were facilitated to discuss the related issue of sustainable integrated agriculture, organic farming, and the making process of compost. Meanwhile, the process of composting from cow manure was also shown during the demo. Furthermore, the farmer was facilitated to analyze the content of produced compost, which was mainly focused on the content of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K). The activities have empowered the people in the area to self-produce cow manure compost as an organic fertilizer. The analysis of the produced compost showed that the compost has yet to fulfil the national standard of solid fertilizer (SNI 7763:2018) regarding the content of macronutrients (N + P2O5 + K2O). However, the pH of produced compost has met the national standard. The pH was 7.27, which ranges from 4-9. For the compost to be utilized by the community, it is necessary to mix other materials in its manufacture so that the resulting compost complies with SNI.


In this paper, we compare several feature sets based on the parametric and non-parametric representations of speech. Parametric representations are reflection coefficients, LPC derived cepstral coefficients (CCs) and line spectral frequencies (LSFs). Non-parametric representations are based on mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). These different representations are evaluated by their scores of recognition, for a speaker independent, isolated word recognizer based on hidden Markov models (HMMs).<<ETX>>


Real energy performance of new and retrofitted buildings often consistently differs from expectations. While occupants might complain about poor indoor climate, the energy use in such buildings is often higher than expected, leading to the well-known phenomenon called "Energy Performance Gap". In the past years, monitoring of buildings, both in terms of energy use and indoor climate conditions, was realised mostly for office buildings only, and at high financial costs. However, the exponential growth in availability of IoT devices, over the last years, opens now new scenarios for low-cost monitoring and control solutions of buildings. Yet, modern IoT devices are often only accessible online through the vendors' software, although some devices make use of open communication protocols and can, therefore, be connected to open platforms such as openHAB. However, the use of open platforms is still connected to a big efforts for many final users. We, therefore, propose climify.org, an open platform for plug and play connection of IoT sensors and actuators, for easy monitoring and controlling of buildings and buildings' HVAC systems. The platform climify.org offers, at time of writing, three main applications. The first application is an IoT device installation app, to be used on portable devices (e.g. mobile phones or tablets of system administrators): this app allows easily installing and locating a sensor or an actuator, within a building. The second application is an online service for data visualisation and HVAC control: while the monitoring data can be plotted, the service offers several data evaluation methods; moreover, the settings of the connected actuators can be modified and controlled. The third application can be installed on portable devices (mobile phones and tablets of buildings' occupants) and allows occupants to provide feedback on their perception of the indoor climate through several questionnaires' formats. Through the three applications developed within climify.org, we aim at providing the best indoor climate and the lowest energy use through a low-cost solution.


Safe control of constrained linear systems under both epistemic and aleatory uncertainties is considered. The aleatory uncertainty characterizes random noises and is modeled by a probability distribution function (PDF) and the epistemic uncertainty characterizes the lack of knowledge on the system dynamics. Data-based probabilistic safe controllers are designed for the cases where the noise PDF is 1) zero-mean Gaussian with a known covariance, 2) zero-mean Gaussian with an uncertain covariance, and 3) zero-mean non-Gaussian with an unknown distribution. Easy-to-check model-based conditions for guaranteeing probabilistic safety are provided for the first case by introducing probabilistic contractive sets. These results are then extended to the second and third cases by leveraging distributionally-robust probabilistic safe control and conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) based probabilistic safe control, respectively. Data-based implementations of these probabilistic safe controllers are then considered. It is shown that data-richness requirements for directly learning a safe controller is considerably weaker than data-richness requirements for model-based safe control approaches that undertake a model identification. Moreover, an upper bound on the minimal risk level, under which the existence of a safe controller is guaranteed, is learned using collected data. A simulation example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Behçet's disease (BD) was described as a three-symptom complex comprising uveitis, oral aphthae, and genital ulcerations. It is a multisystemic, recurrent, inflammatory disorder and it is of unknown cause. Neuro-Behçet (NB) is present in 5%-7% of BD. Movement disorders have rarely been reported in NB. Here, we report a case of chronic parenchymal NB presenting with chorea.


In the last year, the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering of Genoa University (now Department of Naval Architecture, Marine Technology and Electrical Engineering) collaborated to the design of the propulsion automation of two different naval vessels; within these projects the authors developed different ship propulsion simulators used to design and test the propulsion control schemes. In these time-domain simulators, each propulsion component is represented by a specific mathematical model, mainly based on algebraic and differential equations. One of the key aspects of the propulsion simulation is the engine dynamics. This problem in principle can be dealt with models based on thermodynamic principles, which are able to represent in detail the behaviour of many variables of interest (engine power and speed, air and gas pressures, temperatures, stresses, etc.). However, thermodynamic models are often characterized by a long computation-time and moreover their development usually requires the knowledge of specific engine information not always available. It is generally preferable to adopt simpler simulation models, for the development of which, very few kinds of information are necessary. In fact, for the rapid prototyping of control schemes, it is generally more important to model the whole plant (in a relatively coarse way) rather than the detailed model of some components. This paper deals with simple mathematical methods, able to represent the engine power or torque only, but they can be suitably applied to many types of marine engines in a straightforward way. The proposed simulation approaches derived from the authors' experience, gained during their activity in the marine simulation field, and they are particularly suitable for a fast prototyping of the marine propulsion control systems. The validation process of these particular models, regarding a Diesel engine, a marine gas turbine and an electric motor, is illustrated based on the sea trials data and engine manufacturers' data. Keywords: Dynamic simulation; marine engines performance; gas turbine; propulsion control. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v8i2.7366 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 8(2011) 129-147


Introduction Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and even with all the screening and education, great numbers of diagnoses are made in advanced stages. Additionally, patients in remission always remain at risk of relapse and metastasis. Pakistan has the highest incidence of breast cancer among Asian countries. The purpose of this clinical audit was to compare data from the largest cancer hospital in Pakistan with international standards to provide room for quality improvement. Methods A retrospective review of patients with advanced breast carcinoma over a period of six months was done. Permission was obtained from the Quality Assurance and Patent Safety Department before the commencement of the audit. Standards Data obtained were audited against nine standards of four different categories from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on advanced breast carcinoma. Results For the diagnosis and assessment category, for which a target of 100% was set, 99.66% was achieved; for disease monitoring, for which a target of 100% was set, 91.8% was achieved; for systemic disease-modifying therapy, for which the majority was the target, only 1% was achieved; for managing complications, for which a target of 100% was set, 71.8% was achieved. Conclusion Continuous research and breakthrough advancements have made health care an ever-evolving field. Clinical audits like these that compare international standards with local data are beneficial and lead to quality improvement. They highlight issues that may be overlooked otherwise, raise questions that may never be asked, and may inspire prospective research studies. Limitations of the audit were that this clinical audit was conducted outside of the NHS where NICE guidelines are not followed and local guidelines differ from NICE guidelines.


Abstract This article discusses the significance of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Administration of Activities of Overseas Nongovernmental Organizations in the Mainland of China (hereafter the ONGO Law) for the Chinese state's regulation of overseas NGOs in the reform period. We show how the ONGO Law represents a dramatic shift in the regulation of ONGOs from a situation of regulatory ambiguity to one where ONGOs now come under a comprehensive law that seeks to regulate all their activities in mainland China. In doing so, the Law has created a dramatic shift in the legitimacy of ONGOs in China. Before the Law was enacted, ONGOs operated in a legal grey area where their work was opaque, received little recognition, and enjoyed limited legitimacy in the eyes of the government and public. The Law will change all of that, making the work of ONGOs more visible and transparent, and providing a formal channel for dealing with the government. At the same time, in putting the implementation and enforcement of the Law in the hands of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS), and creating a legal framework that is restrictive rather than enabling, the Chinese state has sent a very different and contradictory message to ONGOs who see themselves being viewed more as objects of suspicion than as legitimate stakeholders in China's development.


E-cadherin is an evolutionary conserved molecule expressing from lower level animal to human. The principal role of E-cadherin is to maintain appropriate cell-cell connectivity at adherensjunction. Besides its role as cell-cell connector protein, E-cadherin is integrally involved in intracellular signaling as well as cytoskeletal remodeling. Proper spaciotemporal regulations as well as relevant specialized functions of E-cadherin are important for maintaining normal embryogenesis, cellular morphology and physiological function. However, defects in the expression and function of this gene products could become curses since numerous genetic and developmental studies have identified the critical role of this gene in path physiological conditions of multiple types of cancers leading to fatality. Recent study identified essential role of this gene product in stem cell biology including normal embryogenesis, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation and stem cell differentiation. Currently iPSC has become a prime choice as starting material for regenerative medicine to treat many diseases; however the relevant technology has many shortcomings. Our lab and others have been exploiting this protein for successful application in regenerative medicine that made it a blessed molecule. Here, based on the latest available information, we are concisely presenting these agonies and advantages of E-cadherin.


To assess the protective effect of diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) – induced fatty liver in male rats .Fatty liver was induced by single intraperitoneal ( IP ) CCl4 dose of 0.2mL /kg , treated group was given the same CCl4 dose , then given oral daily doses of DDB as 300 mg /kg body weight for 4 weeks . A control group , given saline orally was run against the other two groups . Each group consisted of 10 male Wistar albino rats. Liver weight ( in g ) , liver tissue contents of total protein ( TP) , total lipids (TL) , phospholipids (PL) , total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) as mg / g wet tissue were investigated. CCl4 treatment significantly increased liver tissue weight , TL ,TC , TG , but decreased both TP and PL . DDB treatment after CCl4 intoxication , recovered these variables near normalcy. The study substantiates the protective action of DDB against CCl4 – induced fatty liver , through assessment of most tissue parameters known to be disrupted in fatty liver. The drug significantly decreased both liver weight ,TL ,TC ,TG and increased both PL and TP , so improved fat mobilization from chemicalinduced fatty liver (Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 9:77 – 81, May 2006) Keywords: Fatty liver , rats , carbon tetrachloride , DDB , total protein , total lipids ,total cholesterol , phospholipids , triglycerides


Use of water for irrigation and food production constitutes one of the greatest pressures on freshwater resources. Meeting the water needs and food security of the people can be met by irrigation, from surface water sources, groundwater withdrawals and rain fed agriculture. The study area covers Anambra East, Anambra West, and Oyi Local Governments of Anambra State Nigeria, and hydrologically falls within the Anambra River Basin of the country. The Geology of the area is sedimentary and comprises of Alluvium, Nanka Sands, Ameki Formation. The geologic units are Tertiary formed less than 65 million years ago. Precipitation is heavy and between 1500 and 2000 mm a year. Elevation is generally less than 62 meters above mean sea level. The area lies within the Humid Tropical Belt of the country and vegetation found are the marshy waterlogged type and light forest. There are enough water resources and surface waters include rivers, streams, springs and wetlands. During the rainy season the marsh lands of the River Niger and Anambra River are water logged and flooded culminating in rich alluvial deposits for agriculture. The flow rates and discharge for both rivers throughout the year are harnessed to optimum levels for irrigation purposes. The sedimentary deposits encountered are highly aquiferous and are exploited for domestic, commercial, agricultural and industrial purposes. Groundwater is exploited by hand-dug wells, tripod bored wells and hydraulically driven wells. Hydrogeologic studies reveal hydraulic heads range from 15-19 meters and 5-8 meters for water depth in the Alluvium. Hydraulic heads range from 30-60 metres in Nanka Sands, while water level varies from 20-70 meters. Surface water harnessing and groundwater exploitation is of immense benefit to the people for improving their living conditions, alleviating poverty and uplifting the socio economic status of the semi-urban and rural population. Improved infrastructural development based on the water resources potentials of the region has boosted agricultural production and the growth of agro-based industries. This has, to an extent, helped to achieve the objective of the Millennium Development Goals targeted at the developing economies of the world.


Cancer is a devastating disease and a major human health concern. Various combination treatments have been developed to combat cancer. To obtain superior cancer therapy, the objective of this study was to synthesize purpurin-18 sodium salt (P18Na) and design P18Na- and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX)-loaded nano-transferosomes as a combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy for cancer. The characteristics of P18Na- and DOX-loaded nano-transferosomes were assessed, and the pharmacological efficacy of P18Na and DOX was determined using the HeLa and A549 cell lines. The nanodrug delivery system characteristics of the product were found to range from 98.38 to 217.50 nm and −23.63 to −41.10 mV, respectively. Further, the release of P18Na and DOX from nano-transferosomes exhibited a sustained pH-responsive behavior and burst in physiological and acidic environments, respectively. Accordingly, the nano-transferosomes effectively delivered P18Na and DOX into cancer cells, with less leakage in the body, and exhibited pH-responsive release in cancer cells. A photo-cytotoxicity study to HeLa and A549 cell lines revealed a size-dependent anti-cancer effect. These results suggest that the combined nano-transferosomes of P18Na and DOX are effective in the combination of PDT and chemotherapy for cancer.


Aims: To investigate a possible relationship between cerebellar glucose metabolism and recovery from ataxia in the first months of acute Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Methods: Two cases of alcoholic Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome were followed up with the clinical status and cerebral glucose metabolism over a 4- and 9-month period. Results: Initially both patients showed severe ataxia and elevated cerebellar glucose metabolism that decreased corresponding to the restitution of stance and gait. Conclusion: Increased cerebellar glucose metabolism at the onset of the illness may reflect the reorganization process of disturbed motor skills and may indicate cerebellar plasticity.


The feasibility of outpatient surgery was investigated at a regional hospital in a Third World country. A series of 73 patients with uncomplicated hernias (inguinal, femoral) and hydroceles were allocated at random to receive standard surgical treatment either as inpatients (group 1) or as outpatients (group 2). Patients living within a 4 km radius of the hospital or who agreed to stay in specially provided quarters nearby were eligible to take part in the study. Patients not able to follow the basic hygiene rules taught by the local staff were excluded. The morbidity rate was 5/36 (13.8%) in group 1 and 8/37 (21.6%) in group 2. No statistically significant differences were demonstrated between the complications that occurred in the two groups.


In a continuation of an earlier study [Carra, J., Anderson, E., & Privalov, P. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 10842-10850], we used differential scanning calorimetry to measure the enthalpy and heat capacity changes of denaturation for 11 mutant forms of staphylococcal nuclease, including the triple mutant [V66L+G88V+G79S]. Several mutant proteins with m- characteristics of guanidinium chloride denaturation were found to denature via a three-state mechanism with increasing temperature. Enthalpy changes for the transitions from the native to intermediate and from the intermediate to denatured states were determined. In the case of the triple mutant, the enthalpy of the second endothermic transition is greater than that of the first. Observation of this second transition provides an explanation for the previously reported large changes in the delta H denaturation for the triple mutant versus wild-type nuclease. The sequence specificity of structure in the intermediate state is discussed with relevance to m values of guanidinium chloride denaturation. The enthalpic level of the intermediate state depends upon the amino acid sequence, suggesting that stabilizing mutations can increase the extent or cohesion of structure present in the intermediate.


Wavefront sensing for solar adaptive optics currently requires the use of extended-field Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors. Such wavefront sensors suffer from a reduced sensitivity to high altitude turbulence due effects of measuring wavefront gradients using the relative motion within the extended-field. We discuss the performance of centroiding techniques in a correlation Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and the insensitivity to high altitude turbulence and propose a method for reducing the field of view required to effectively measure the wavefront gradient in order to increase the sensors sensitivity to high altitude turbulence.


Why do we match the persistent vegetative state with what we frankly should call the persistent medicative state-a relentless use of artificial nourishment and other treatments to perpetuate unconscious existence? Given a patient's prior request, physicians are ethically free-and in most states legally bound-to end support for this form of life. Even in the absence of prior directions there is authoritative medical consensus to do so. Yet an estimated five to ten thousand patients in PVS are maintained in health care facilities. This reluctance to terminate life support may represent nothing more than financial self interest or fear of litigation; but we cannot ignore a more morally supportable reason, namely the concern that social value judgments might decay into egregious public policy killings. Is there an argument sufficiently compelling to override this slippery slope objection? One possible line of reasoning is exemplified by considering the patient in intractable pain from advanced metastatic cancer. To abolish the pain a physician might find it necessary to employ large doses of morphine--which could shorten the patient's life. Today there is general medical agreement that--barring patient preferences to the contrary--it is a greater act of beneficence, therefore the physician's duty, to alleviate suffering, even if the patient's life is shortened. Can this rationale be applied to the patient in PVS? Ironically, this argument is confounded by the very authorities, such as the AMA and the American Academy of Neurology, who while advocating treatment withdrawal, assert that: "Persistent vegetative state patients do not have the capacity to experience pain or suffering." How then can we justify ending a life which is incapable of suffering? We cannot know of course that PVS patients do not suffer. We can only surmise this based on observations we make of external manifestations that correspond to inner states (so we are told) in conscious people. The patient does not smile or frown in response to the sounds of voices or music--therefore, we assume the patient is deriving no meaning or satisfaction from these stimuli. We observe none of the customary signs of awareness or recognition or emotions or thoughts. But even if this lack of awareness is not suffering, can we nonetheless conclude that the patient exists in a state so undesirable that it is perhaps worse than death? If so then we would have the moral warrant to end that state. What do we know about the patient who is permanently unconscious? Only that he or she is isolated from any form of communication-as though exiled or banished from society, a condition once regarded as punishment equal to if not worse than death, because it is, in effect, dehumanizing. From the earliest known time human beings have functioned as organic components within a community, connected to family, friends, work, rituals, customs, duties, and entertainments. …


A new full-bridge converter is presented to have the advantages of low conduction loss and wide zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range. The proposed converter includes two dc–dc converters connected in parallel to reduce the current stresses of power components. Each dc–dc converter integrates a phase-shift pulse-width modulation full-bridge circuit and an un-regulated half-bridge circuit sharing the lagging-leg switches in order to reduce the switch counts. The un-regulated half-bridge circuit is adopted to extend the ZVS range of the lagging-leg switches to improve the drawback of the narrow ZVS range in conventional full-bridge converter. Two dc–dc converters share the lagging-leg switches so that the switch counts in the proposed converter are less than the switches in conventional parallel full-bridge converters. The resonant capacitors are used on the primary side of full-bridge converters to reduce the primary current to zero at the freewheeling state. The secondary windings of full-bridge and half-bridge converters are connected in series to generate two positive voltage levels at the secondary rectified voltage. Therefore, the output inductor voltage at the freewheeling state is decreased and the output inductor size is reduced. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed converter is verified by the experiments.


Disc diffusion assay is a basic and initial test in the search for potential inhibitor against bacteria, including high pathogenic bacteria, i.e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium smegmatis , due to the characteristics of non-pathogenic, fast growing and can be handled by Biosafety Level 1 facility, is therefore widely used as the replacing model to study M. tuberculosis. However, Mycobacterium spp. can exist in active and latent stage by utilizes different metabolism pathway. Under the circumstances of nutrient or oxygen depletion, Mycobacterium spp. shift the energy generation cycle from tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to glyoxylate cycle to progress into latent stage. It is challenging to obtain Mycobacterium spp. at latent stage. Here, we revisited the preparation of latent form M. smegmatis . We reported the medium, supplement and inoculum size to produce a reasonable lawn of M. smegmatis in a standard agar plate.


Background In recent years, the relationship between the stomatognathic system and body posture has an increasing importance in the field of dental problems and it's a topic much debated in the science. Understanding this correlation implies a multidisciplinary approach with orthodontic and orthopedic figures, working in team to improve the treatment's effectiveness. Objectives Evaluate the literature regarding correlation between postural alteration and stomatognathic disorders in patients of developmental age. Methods Literature researches given in Medline, Pedro, and Central database. Non-english articles and repeated articles were excluded. The selection of articles was carried out on the basis of the reading of the title, abstract and full-text. Results The search produced 165 items. The reading of the title, abstract and full text led to the selection of 18 articles. Associations were found between alterations of the stomatognathic system as well as malocclusions, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), bruxism and oral postures in relation to cervical alterations, scoliosis and posture of the feet. No studies have been able to report a cause-and-effect relationship between the stomatognathic system and body posture. All authors agree in supporting the importance of the multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of these pathologies. Conclusions The high prevalence of postural alterations in patients with orthodontic problems suggests an interaction between the disciplines of orthopedics and orthodontics. The limit of this review is the methodological variability, therefore is hoped in the future a consolidated methodology used in the study of these issues.


Incremental forming path to manufacture a thick concave steel plate using the line array roll set is designed. To find the optimum forming path, the forming processes are simulated by the finite element method. A general-purpose commercial software, MSC MARC is used. A modeling with 8-node hexahedral elastic-plastic solid is performed to predict accurate springback and the analysis process was composed of 18 passes. The proposed forming paths are verified through experiments carried out in the prototype line array roll set. It is found that the process can be successfully applied to the fabrication of the dual curvature ship hull plate.


The misfolding of proteins into highly ordered fibrils with similar physical properties is a hallmark of many degenerative diseases. Here, we use the microtubule associated protein tau as a model system to investigate the role of amino acid side chains in the formation of such fibrils. We identify a region (positions 272-289) in the tau protein that, in the fibrillar state, either forms part of a core of parallel, in-register, β-strands, or remains unfolded. Single point mutations are sufficient to control this conformational switch with disease mutants G272V and ΔK280 (found in familial forms of dementia) inducing a folded state. Through systematic mutagenesis we derive a propensity scale for individual amino acids to form fibrils with parallel, in-register, β-strands. This scale should not only apply to tau fibrils but generally to all fibrils with same strand arrangement.


Companies strive to improve their business processes in order to remain competitive. Process mining aims to infer meaningful insights from process-related data and attracted the attention of practitioners, tool-vendors, and researchers in recent years. Traditionally, event logs are assumed to describe the as-is situation. But this is not necessarily the case in environments where logging may be compromised due to manual logging. For example, hospital staff may need to manually enter information regarding the patient's treatment. As a result, events or timestamps may be missing or incorrect. In this report, we make use of process knowledge captured in process models, and provide a method to repair missing events in the logs. This way, we facilitate analysis of incomplete logs. We realize the repair by combining stochastic Petri nets, alignments, and Bayesian networks. We evaluate the results using both synthetic data and real event data from a Dutch hospital.


Solitary bone cysts of the lumbar vertebrae are extremely rare. We report a 20-year-old man, who presented with a 5-year history of persistent low back pain. Radiographic examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and subsequent computed tomography revealed a well-circumscribed osteolytic and cystic lesion at the right pedicle of the L3 vertebra. On the basis of the radiologic findings, a simple bone cyst was considered the most probable diagnosis. The patient underwent a minimally invasive operation with the assistance of an endoscope. The gross total curettage resection of the lesion including the cyst walls was accomplished, followed by a combined graft consisting of granulated b-tricalcium phosphate and autologous iliac crest cancellous bone. At the 1-year follow-up, the patient's symptoms were resolved, bone union at the lesion site had been achieved, and he had returned to his previous level of physical activity.