This study aims to provide a fresh context for understanding gender relations in interwar Britain, seeing in the emergence of a powerful ideology of motherhood and a re-emphasis on separate spheres for men and women a corollary to the political and economic restructuring designed to re-establish social order after World War I. The War had often been justified to the British public by means of images that portrayed women as hostile or frightening - or as victims of sexual assault, as in the Belgian atrocity stories. These sexualized interpretations of war then shaped postwar understandings of gender, as psychiatrists, psychologists, and sexologists drew on metaphors of war to talk about relationships between men and women, likening any conflict between the sexes to the terrible chaos of the war years. Drawing on materials from posters to popular songs, from government reports to journalistic accounts, from memoirs and novels to diaries and letters, "Making Peace" is an analysis of how gendered and sexualized depictions of wartime experiences compelled many Britons to seek in traditional gender arrangements the key to postwar order and security.


While grapes have been classified as a non-climacteric fruit, we show here that endogenous ethylene production just before veraison is required for an increase in berry size and possibly for anthocyanin accumulation in the ripening berry. Our data also show that the peak of ethylene production just prior to veraison is associated with increased accumulation of ACC oxidase mRNAs, enhanced ACC oxidase activity and higher concentrations of malonyl-ACC. Exposure of clusters to 1-MCP at various times before and after veraison inhibited ripening only in fruit treated at the time of the ethylene peak. Lastly, we observed some feed-back at the ethylene perception level and this response is discussed in relationship to the behaviour of non-climacteric plant tissues.


Cosmic acceleration may be due to modifications of cosmic gravity. To test this we need robust connections between theory and observations. However, in a model independent approach like effective field theory or a broad class like Horndeski gravity, several free functions of time enter the theory. We demonstrate that no simple parametrizations of these functions are valid, with first approximations such as $\alpha_i(t)\propto\Omega_{\rm de}(t)$ drastically misestimating the observables. Quantifying the bias, we find that even a few percent inaccuracy on the property functions $\alpha_i(t)$ give many expected-sigma bias on cosmic survey observables (often missing the signature of modified gravity). We also address the challenge of generally valid consistency relations and the role of tensor (gravitational wave) perturbations.


The relative share of different regions in state income and the division of state expenditure between the capital and the countrysides are among the most divisive issues in Icelandic rural policy discourse. This discourse reflects a diversity of attitudes towards social justice and the different interests of different areas. However, there is very little research into the geographical distribution of state expenditures across regions, despite heated arguments over the substantial interests at stake. This research focuses on state expenditures in the Northeast district of Iceland based on the 2011 state budget and additional information collected among various institutions and ministries. Results show that government activities in the east Northland are 11% less than predicted by population or the equivalent of 74 thousand ISK per inhabitant per year. Government activities in Eastern Iceland are 23% less than predicted by population or the equivalent of 159 thousand ISK per inhabitant per year. Yet the state contributes a similar amount to ensure that municipal services are similar in the Northeast and regions of the country and to support agriculture in the Northeast region. As an independent "Northeast state" the region would have a budget deficit of 625 million ISK or 1,2% of total tax revenues based on current state income and expenditure in the region. In comparison the budget deficit of the Icelandic state was 7,9% after financial costs according to the 2011 state budget. This indicates that a hypothetical, independent "Northeastland" could be viable but further research is needed.


This article provides a new paradigm to integrate the Chinese digital television/terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) systems with existing mobile communication systems, which can support mobile multimedia broadcasting services with carrier-grade quality. By dividing the services into four categories -digital TV, video on demand, data on demand, and Internet access - a complete design of the layered structure and signaling protocols are presented. Specifically, a subnetwork data unit layer and a modified hybrid ARQ signaling protocol have been proposed. A testbed at Tsinghua University based on DTMB and WLAN/CDMAlx has been successfully implemented, and the experimental results clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed signaling protocols.


1390-Pos Board B282 Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Opening and Closing Mechanism from Molecular Simulations Iman Pouya1, Sander Pronk1, Grant Rotskoff2, Peter M. Kasson3, Erik Lindahl1. Royal Intitute of technology (KTH), Solna, Sweden, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Pentameric Ligand Gated Ion Channels comprise key receptors for neurotransmitters including acetylcholine, GABA, and serotonin. They are thus targets for many anesthetics, alcohol, and other drugs such as antipsychotics and antidepressants. The channels typically open after physiologic ligand binding to a site in the extracellular domain, but the channels are also highly susceptible to allosteric modulation at sites in the transmembrane domain, the mechanism utilized by many drugs. To better understand ligand and drug action, we are studying ion channel gating using Gloebacter violaceus (GLIC) channels. GLIC is a prokaryotic homologue believed to share all the important characteristics of metazoan channels, but with several structures available. We have previously(1) shown a single closing event for GLIC at neutral pH in molecular simulations. Here, we have employed ensemble molecular dynamics simulations to systematically explore the conformational dynamics of the channel, starting from both open and locally-closed conformations. We observe a large number of both opening and closing events. We have also simulated multiple functional mutants of the GLIC channel and observe shifts in opening or closing propensity that agree well with the functional data. Mutants strongly biased towards opening remained open for greater than one microsecond in our simulations. Based on our results, we generate a structural model for which portions of the channel can close sufficiently to restrict water and ion flow. (1) Samuel Murail, Rebecca J. Howard, James R. Trudell, Edward Bertaccini, Erik Lindahl, Tracing the Closing of a Ligand-Gated Ion Channel in Atomic Detail: An Unconstrained Four-Microsecond Simulation of GLIC Leads to a Closed State Remarkably Similar to ELIC, Biophysical Journal, Volume 102, Issue 3, Supplement 1, 31 January 2012, Pages 113a-114a, ISSN 00063495, 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.639. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/ pii/S0006349511019874)


Organoid is an in vitro multicellular form mimicking in vivo organ. Its similarity to human organ including cellular organization, molecular expression patterns, as well as genetic signatures enables to study the characteristics of infectious agents and host-pathogen interaction. For the features of organoid, this system also can be potentially used to cultivate currently uncultivable viruses of vaccine candidates. This paper will briefly describe problems in the current culture system for virus production and the possibility of organoid as culture system for viral vaccine and their current limitations that should be solved to meet the goal.


This paper describes the architecture and design of a novel system for supporting large-scale real-time data analysis for future power grid systems. The widespread deployment of renewable generation, smart grid controls, energy storage, plug-in hybrids, and new conducting materials will require fundamental changes in the operational concepts and principal components of the grid. As a result, the whole system becomes highly dynamic and requires constant adjusting based on real time data. Even though millions of sensors such as phase measurement units (PMU) and smart meters are being widely deployed, a data layer that can analyze this amount of data in real time is needed. Unlike the data fabric in other cloud services, the data layer for smart grids has some unique design requirements. First, this layer must provide real time guarantees. Second, this layer must be scalable to allow a large number of applications to access the data from millions of sensors in real time. Third, reliability is critical and this layer must be able to continue to provide service in face of failures. Fourth, this layer must be secure. We address these challenges though a scalable system architecture that integrates the I/O and data processing capability in a devise set of devices. Data process operations can be placed anywhere from sensors, data storage devices, to control centers. We further employ compression to improve performance. We design a lightweight compression customized for power grid data. Our system can reduce end-to-end response time by reduce I/O overhead through compression and overlap compression operations with I/O. The initial prototype of our system was demonstrated with several use cases from PNNL's FPGI and show that our system can provide real time guarantees to a diverse set of applications.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth, relative chlorophyll index and nitrogen concentrations in leaves, and the grain yield of arabica coffee ( Coffea arabica ) fertilized with rates of N as coated and conventional urea, in a sandy soil under rainfed conditions. The experiment was carried out over three crop years, using 'Mundo Novo IAC 388-17-1' coffee, in a randomized complete block design, in a 3×2+1 factorial arrangement, with three treatments with 150, 300, and 600 kg ha-1 N, as coated and conventional urea, and a control without N, with six replicates. Nitrogen increased stem diameter, plant height, N concentrations and relative chlorophyll index in the leaves, as well as grain yield. Over the three crop years, the highest N rate provided the greatest grain yield. Coated urea has no advantage over the conventional one, in supplying N to arabica coffee crop, in sandy soil under rainfed conditions.


Our study investigated the role of MTHFR C677T and A1298C variants in infants with neural tube defects (NTDs) from western Mexico. Using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay, we genotyped 101 live‐born patients with NTDs (cases) and 247 controls. Our findings do not support that homozygosity or heterozygosity for the variants C677T and A1298C in the MTHFR gene are associated with NTDs in infants. However, since we have the highest worldwide frequency of homozygotes for the MTHFR C677T variant, we cannot rule out that our propensity for NTDs may be related to how such gene variant interacts with other factors, mainly with our secular patterns of inappropriate folate intake.


Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a low-grade malignant salivary gland neoplasm that comprises approximately 17% of primary salivary gland malignancies or about 6% of all salivary gland neoplasms. The most common intraoral sites are the buccal mucosa, lips, and palate. The diagnosis of ACC frequently presents difficulties, owing to its great radiological and cytological similarity with benign tumors and with normal acinar component of the salivary gland, respectively. The management of ACC consists of complete surgical excision. Here, we report a case of ACC on the left retromolar trigone, a rare location in a 44-year-old female.


Changes that occur in teachers' careers are typically conceptualized in research as occurring in several demarcated and sequential stages/phases. This study examines secondary schoolteachers' understandings of their careers and whether they could identify stages/phases in their career development. It is based on experienced teachers' recall of their career development and their in‐depth interviews. The findings demonstrate the need to acknowledge the individual ways in which teachers develop as well as the need for the use of multiple frameworks for describing teachers' career development. Using a single a priori model to describe their career development, as has been common in certain previous research, does not do justice to teachers' understanding of their own careers. Furthermore, the findings of this study shed light on the contextualized nature of experience and expertise. Accordingly, implications for teacher education and policy‐making in the area are drawn.


Modern transportation science requires advanced demand models to predict the needs for the mobility of individuals and goods. In order to calibrate those models, we need data as an input. However, having in mind the data privacy constraints and the unavailability of that data, synthetically generated data is being used. Typically, generated data are either on the level of individuals or at the level of households. Although several different methodologies exist for accurately and efficiently generating synthetic population data at the level of the households, there are two main gaps. Firstly, in those approaches, the generation of individuals and their matching into households is done separately, through two sequential processes. Secondly, the state-of-the-art techniques might generate unrealistic observations due to high dependence on data and the lack of control within the generation process. This project aims to develop a methodology to integrate the generation of the agents and their matching into households in a one-step process. In this paper, we are presenting the first framework component for synthetic household imputation. By imputation, we imply the process of expanding the given dataset by adding synthetic people grouped into households using the information of a given individual. Another objective is to investigate the integration of real-world constraints and examine the amount of control we can embed within the generation process. The method is tested using census data from 2015 and mobile data from 2019 on the territory of Switzerland.


Pre-training of self-supervised learning (SSL) generally shows a good performance on various speech processing tasks. However, this pre-training scheme may lead to a sub-optimal solution for fine-tuning a specific task, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR). In order to provide a more optimal pre-trained model for ASR, we introduce an ASR-Specific hidden-unit BERT with self-training, namely ASBERT. Motivated by self-training, we extract linguistic-related pseudo labels from the fine-tuned model, and these labels are used in the next pre-training procedure. Experimental results on LibriSpeech test-clean and test-other datasets show that ASBERT without language model (LM) outperforms the conventional SSL and self-training model, achieving a 6.3/2.0% and 15.4/13.2% relatively word error rate reduction (RERR). Moreover, without using pseudo-transcription, ASBERT yields comparable performance to the conventional self-training method.


The original Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) public key cryptosystem is vulnerable to multiple transmission attacks, and the designers of NTRU presented two countermeasures to prevent such attacks. In this study, the authors show that the first countermeasure is still not secure, the plaintext can be revealed by a linearisation attack technique. Moreover, they demonstrate that the first countermeasure is even not secure for broadcast attacks, a class of more general attacks than multiple transmission attacks. For the second countermeasure, they show that one special case of its padding function for the plaintext is also insecure and the original plaintext can be obtained by lattice methods.


Not Your Mother's Racial Uplift: Sweet Honey in the Rock, Journey, and Representation: Sweet Honey in the Rock: Raise Your Voice. Produced and directed by Stanley Nelson. New York: Thirteen/WNET, 2005. Videodisc (84 mins.). FOR THE PAST THREE DECADES THE MUSIC of Sweet Honey in the Rock (SHIR) has provided the soundtrack for many a middle-aged feminist life, black or otherwise. For social change activists such as myself at work during the 1980s and early 1990s attendance at the annual or biannual Sweet Honey event meant you had survived the psychic effects of cutbacks in spending for social programs, ongoing threats to reproductive rights, and unrelenting attacks on the poor. With sufficient energy and discretionary funds in reserve you could find collective validation of your efforts at a local SHIR concert. Stanley Nelson's Sweet Honey in the Rock: Raise Your Voice documents the thirtieth-anniversary tour of this acclaimed African American women's a cappella quintet. (1) Founded by Bernice Johnson Reagon in 1973, the ensemble's eclectic repertoire features politically concerned songtexts cast in traditional gospel, blues, and spirituals with occasional forays into rap (especially effective at children's concerts) and the music of West Africa. (2) Rather than addressing only the documentary at hand, in this essay I read the film as an intertextual artifact and refer to analyses by black feminist scholars and the scholarly literature about the ensemble, including the writings of Reagon. In particular, I have found the work of political philosopher Joy James useful in my attempt to situate SHIR in relation to black feminisms. If combined with the writings of Reagon, James, Darlene Clark Hines, and others, the film would work quite effectively in teaching contexts. Although not a concert film per se, Sweet Honey in the Rock: Raise Your Voice juxtaposes clips of SHIR rehearsals and performances with reflections by ensemble members. Reagon, the recipient of a MacArthur "genius" award, is featured along with other members of the ensemble: founding member Carol Maillard, Aisha Kahill, Nitanju Bolade Casel, Dr. Ysaye Maria Barnwell, and sign language interpreter Shirley Childress Saxton. (3) Gospel music scholar Horace Clarence Boyer, ethnomusicologist Kyra Gaunt, photographer Sharon Farmer, radio show producers Dred Scot-Keys and Kojo Nnamdi, American Symphony Orchestra director Leon Bolstein, and black performance artist Aku Kadogo address various aspects of SHIR'S long memory of black music performance and activism and the organization's significance as a national institution. (4) In the late 1980s and early 1990S scholars from across disciplines invoked "voice" as a metaphor for vocality, cultural agency, political autonomy, and both individual and collective power. These referents resound in Nelson's film; Sweet Honey's commitment to social change is evident in Casel's assertion that the group sings "a cappella style with a political ring." In a montage of concerts and interviews filmed in New York, New Jersey, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Washington DC, Los Angeles, and Seattle director Stanley Nelson structures the film to skillfully naturalize cinematic techniques so that the subject appears more "real." (5) Like Reagon, Nelson is also a MacArthur Fellow. Highly respected for his earlier documentaries on African American historical subjects, Nelson, who is white, brings a historian's eye for detail to his project. (6) Under Nelson's direction black-and-white still photographs function like program notes to some of the more popular songs in the ensemble's repertoire and thus make the film a valuable multimedia resource for classroom use. Nelson places topical songs in historical context through the judicious incorporation of archival footage that signposts black southern civil rights activism from the 1930s to the present. Clips of SHIR'S performance of "We Who Believe in Freedom" are highlighted with photos of black civil rights activist Ella Baker and the slain student workers Andrew Goodman, James Chaney, and Michael Schwerner, whose murders she deplored. …


A new and interesting compound semiconductor Schottky diode hydrogen sensor based on a Pt-In0.5Al0.5P metal-semiconductor (MS) structure is fabricated and demonstrated. The hydrogen sensing characteristics including hydrogen detection sensitivity of the studied device under different hydrogen concentrations and temperature are measured and studied. The hydrogen detection sensitivity is related to a change in the contact potential at the Pt-semiconductor interface. Experimentally, the studied hydrogen sensor can be operated systematically under the applied bi-polarity voltage biases. When the temperature is increased from 30 to 250degC, the hydrogen relative sensitivity ratio (Sr), under the applied forward (reverse) bias of 0.3 V, is decreased from 181.2% (250.3%) to 28.2% (33.5%) upon exposing to the 9970 ppm H2/air gas. Moreover, the hydrogen effect in the Schottky barrier height lowering is observed.


COVID-19 forced lockdown in India, leading to the loss of job, crisis of food, and other financial catastrophes that led to the exodus migration of internal migrant workers, operating in the private sector, back to their homes. Unavailability of transport facilities led to an inflicted need to walk back to homes barefooted without lack of any other crucial resources on the way. The woeful state of internal migrant workers walking back, with all their stuff on their back, holding their children, was trending on social media worldwide. Their problem continued even after reaching home, including misbehavior of villagers, indifferent mannerism of family members toward them, inability to fulfill family responsibility, and financial crisis, which led to stress, fear, and trauma for these internal migrant workers. The present paper aimed to assess the idiosyncratic stressors of internal migrant workers throughout the pandemic era and their responses toward those problems, which helped them cope with it. In-depth semistructured telephonic interviews were conducted with 25 internal migrant workers who were working in different cities in India before lockdown. The analyses revealed that multiple stressors include financial crisis, unavailability of food, inability to continue education, inability to pay house rent, lack of support from neighbors and family, and other psychological stressors that affected them. However, they also tried multiple strategies to deal with the problems, including a cognitive appraisal of the problem and making oneself psychologically competent to deal with the situation. Social support of family and friends played a vital role in enhancing hardiness and increasing the level of happiness at scarce times. At the same time, some of them could not deal with stressors and opted for psychiatric help to manage the physical symptoms of stress.


Although there are numerous studies of the aggregate impact of trade liberalization on WANA countries, few studies have examined the impact of trade liberalization on the agricultural sector and on income distribution. This study attempts to address this gap in the literature. First, we review agricultural trade patterns and previous research on thirteen WANA countries: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, the West Bank and Gaza, Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, Turkey, the Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti, and Yemen. Second, we examine the distributional impact of agricultural trade liberalization in three of these countries: Tunisia, Egypt, and Syria. For this analysis we use a combination of household survey data and computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. Third, we explore some of the reasons that these analyses show a relatively modest effect of trade policy on farm income and poverty.


A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of Hugh-Jones II dyspnea. Chest CT showed multiple diffuse patchy shadows in both lung fields. A diagnosis of pulmonary carcinomatous lymphangiosis was made on the basis of the presence of adenocarcinoma cells within the lymphatic vessels in transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimens. The primary site was a tumor in the stomach. It is very rare for pulmonary carcinomatous lymphangiosis to show multiple patchy shadows in CT. Tumor cells were positive for CA 19-9. There were high titers of carbohydrate antigens, SPAN-1, CA 19-9, SLX, CA 125 and CA 724 both in the bronchial alveolar fluid (BALF) and in the serum. SPAN-1, CA 19-9 and SLX titers were higher in the BALF than in the serum. In this case, liver metastasis had also occurred with carcinomatous lymphangiosis. This case is very interesting in that type I and II carbohydrate antigens were correlated with blood-borne metastasis.


This article focuses on adoption medicine as a subject of scientific knowledge that increasingly defines the parameters of adoptability in the world of international adoption. While this biomedical discourse alludes to the health of adoptee bodies, it also constitutes ethico-moral practices that produce new justificatory regimes of adoption in particular and humanitarianism in general. Drawing on discourse analysis of scientific texts in adoption medicine on the one hand, and interviews and ethnographic data from a Dutch adoption agency on the other, I demonstrate the emergence of a new moral economy facilitating the legitimacy of international adoption. I argue that this moral economy retools the humanitarian justification of international adoption by privileging the politics of "life itself." This paradigmatic shift constructs new categories of adoptee bodies, rearranges orders of worth, and makes visible biopolitical techniques of morality in present-day humanitarian discourse.


In this paper we report the absolute configuration which has been determined from the refinement of the Flack parameter, x = 0.05(5), which indicate that the correct configuration had been assigned against 1353 (99%) CuKα Bijvoet pairs. On this basis the absolute configuration was assigned as C5R, C8S, C9R and C10S. The structure of 18-acetoxy-cis-cleroda-3,13E-dien-15-oic acid consists of a clerodane skeleton and the corresponding methyl groups are α-oriented (C8, C9) while C5 is β-oriented. The acidic lateral chain is β-oriented and the double bond between C13 and C14 has E isomeric. The ciclohexene, cyclohexane rings are cis fused, and in an sofa and chair conformation respectively. In the crystal the molecules are linked by one intermolecular OH⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bond forming 1D-dimensional chain with distance donor-acceptor of 2.060(6)A with graph-set notation C1 1 (15).


In light of a growing research interest in the innovation potential that lies at the intersection of design, technology, and science, this paper offers a literature review of design initiatives centered on scientific discovery and invention. The focus of this paper is on evidence of design capabilities in the academic research environment. The results are structured along the Four Orders of Design, with examples of design-in-science initiatives ranging from (1) the design of scientific figures and (2) laboratory devices using new technology to (3) interactions in design workshops for scientists and (4) interdisciplinary design labs. While design capabilities have appeared in all four orders of design, there are barriers and cultural constraints that have to be taken into account for working at or researching these creative intersections. Modes of design integration and potentially necessary adaptations of design practice are therefore also highlighted.


Artificial electronic pacemakers have been successfully driving the hearts and reliably saving the lives of millions by providing cardiac pacing for a variety of cardiac bradyarrhythmias. However, there are several caveats to this technology not merely limited to procedural and hardware complications associated with its usage. These hurdles have prompted research in the development of a biological counterpart which could replace or supplement its electronic version. The concept of the biological pacemaker is very appealing, albeit most challenging. If normal working myocytes or conduction system cells could be transformed to perform the pacemaker function, there would be no need to replace pulse generator, and no issues with circuit or lead failure, size mismatch or foreign body infection would ever arise. Two general approaches have been pursued in the development of biological pacemakers, gene transfer into cardiac myocytes to create or enhance the pacemaker function, and cell transplantation into the heart that can perform the pacemaker function on their own or in conjunction with native cardiac myocytes. There are always pros and cons of these different approaches. Importantly, in order to develop such a biologic pacemaker, two elements are deemed essential: to select a gene that can direct cells of non-automatic tissue to induce spontaneous phase 4 depolarization in a reliable and automatic manner, similar to the native sinus node cells or other conduction tissue with inherent automaticity; and subsequently to develop a technique to deliver this gene into the target tissue. Gene transfer methods may use injection of adenoviral vectors, of genetically engineered stem cells or use of gene-carrying mesenchymal stem cells. Thus, biologic pacing could be accomplished either by genetic engineering, cellular therapy or a combination of both. Over the past decade, gene therapy has been explored to upregulate β2-adrenergic receptors, to downregulate inward rectifier current, and to overexpress pacemaker current as potential sources of biological pacemakers. Cell therapy approaches have explored the ''forcing'' of embryonic stem cells to evolve along cardiac pacemaker cell lines and the use of adult mesenchymal stem cells as platforms for delivery of specific gene therapies... (excerpt)


Efficient 2-D discrete cosine transform (DC'T) coding schemes based on the utilization of win- dows of various geopetries whose sizes are adaptively controlled, are presented. In the frequency domain, zonal masks are applied to the transformed coefficients. Masks that generate the minimum number of coefficients and satisfying specific energy constraints are utilized. The coefficients are then quantized based on a scheme specific to the type of zonal mask employed. Since the sequential minimization of coefficient error and quantization error does not necessarily imply minimization of total error, a method of minimizing the two errors simultaneously is also developed. Results are compared to those from JPEG, obtaining similiar compression. In this work, we omit parameter estimation, non-uniform or vector quan- tization, and variable bit rate coding, to focus just on the new algorithm. Including the latter option, higher compression can be achieved.


Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) has been differentiated as an autosomal recessive hereditary form of the hyperglycinemias with a defect in the glycine-cleavage system causing accumulation of glycine in all body fluids. A more severe neonatal form with early onset has been described and, though not curable, a fast and correct diagnosis for clinical management, parental information and genetic counselling is important. The clinical picture and diagnostic chemical analyses in two cases of the more severe neonatal form of NKH are reported.


Aim: To determine the immunity of health care workers (HCWs) against measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella infections, and to evaluate the reliability of self-reported history of the disease in predicting immunity. Materials and methods: A self-reported questionnaire was used to obtain the history of the diseases and ELISA to screen specific IgG antibodies. The history of the diseases was compared with serological testing results. Results: Eighty-one HCWs were included in the study. Immunity against measles was 97.5%, rubella 100%, mumps 72.8%, and varicella 96.3%. Positive predictive values of positive histories of the diseases were 100% for measles and rubella, 96.5% for varicella, and 77.4% for mumps. The negative predictive values of the negative/unknown histories were 3.9%, 0%, 3.8%, and 30.0% for measles, rubella, varicella, and mumps, respectively. Conclusion: A positive history of the disease is reliable for predicting the immunity against measles, rubella, and varicella, and vaccination is not required for the HCWs with a positive history. In contrast, a negative/unknown history had no benefit in predicting susceptibility; thus, we consider that these HCWs must be vaccinated according to the serological testing results. For mumps, a decision for vaccination of HCWs can be made by combining the self-reported history and serological testing results.


In order to achieve the manufacturing resource sharing inside and outside the enterprise in the multistage manufacturing system, the multidimensional manufacturing resource concept model was presented from two aspects. The manufacturing resource application integration model faced application systems and the capacity manufacturing unit model faced manufacturing capacity were established respectively. The structure and modeling method of multidimensional manufacturing resource model based on meta-model was presented. The meta-model consisted of information layer, model layer and meta-model layer and unified the multidimensional model in the same model frame. Finally, the integration method of the model based on eXtensible Markup Language(XML) was established. The presented multi-dimensional manufacturing resource model can achieve the internal and exterior sharing in the networked manufacturing environment.


The object of this study is about the legal guarantee of public rights in public service by the East Java Provincial Regulation number 11 of 2005 on public services and the implementation of these local regulations and constraints in its implementation in the Office of Civil Registration in Malang.
The method will be used in this study is the method of Juridical Sociological approaches to empirically study the reciprocal relationship between law and other social phenomena. This method we use because the subject will be closely linked to the juridical law and examines some of the rules relating to public service. While the importance of sociological research to determine the implementation and the constraints in the implementation of public service as a fulfillment of basic rights of citizens / public.
As for the public rights are guaranteed and regulated in the public service by the East Java Provincial Regulation No. 11 of 2005 on Public Service that is the right to participate in making the Public Service Standards, to supervise the implementation of public service, to obtain compensation if it does not get service not in accordance with the standards of service, complain when the public service does not comply with the agreed service standards for service providers and the public Service Commission for a settlement, and the index of community satisfaction.
Implementation of the East Java provincial regulation number 11 of 2005 on public service in KK and ID card services in Malang City Population Office, was not in accordance with the existing service standards. Because there is no certainty of completion time, cost quite varied and not in accordance with the standards of public services that have been defined. Because of what is delivered by service providers that the services they provide are very good, but poorer in reality not the case. From a matter of cost alone is enough price that varies from 5 thousand to 25 thousand in each district. Not to mention the solution which is also a matter of time nothing is certain, it is a cause of uncertainty for the people who finally dared people to pay more quickly as long as it is completed. But the standard that should be made in the reference by the organizers of the services in their activities was stout ignored.
Constraints faced by the organizers pengemlementasian service in the East Java Provincial Regulation No. 11 of 2005 concerning public service, for in Malang said is not experiencing any problems. This is dikarenaka pendudukung facilities are quite adequate and personnel resources which also have the competence. But the culture of the officials who still do not have a high awareness of the role and functions as a servant of the state, eventually inconsistencies occurred in implementing the existing regulations.
Urging all about setting up this public service to be regulated by an Act in the form of regulations that can protect the basic rights of citizens in public service in particular. Because until now there is still no higher rules of public service.


The proposed system highlights one of the novel approach of enhancing the cumulative lifetime of mobile adhoc network on the backbone of most frequently deployed AODV routing strategies. MANET system is always associated with the design constraint from unwanted power drainage during communication. The proposed system considers the intermediate mobile nodes as vital factor which estimates the current mean power of the cumulative network as comparison threshold in order to evaluate the response of route request message along with impact of the proposed system towards the routing performances. Experimented in NS2, the proposed system shows optimal throughputs which can be definitely used for optimizing the energy on overloaded nodes in MANET and enhance the cumulative network lifetime extensively.


OBJECTIVE
While Manuka honey in vitro is strongly antimicrobial, there have been, to the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies showing that dressings impregnated with Manuka honey can kill organisms in the dressing itself.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The investigators used the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists' 100 test methodology to compare honey-impregnated dressings with control dressings (without honey) on the ability to kill common wound pathogens. Organisms were chosen after a review of the causal organisms found in actual wound infections over a 12-month period in a busy outpatient wound clinic.

RESULTS
Even when the dressings were challenged daily with further inoculated organisms, > 5-log reductions were routinely noted across a range of pathogens, including multiple drug-resistant species using dressings containing Manuka honey relative to the control.

CONCLUSIONS
The results presented herein show that when well-characterized medical-grade Manuka honey is used in dressings (ie, a minimum of 400 mg methylglyoxal/kg) these dressings can comprehensively kill common wound pathogens associated with infected wounds.


Fcγ receptors (FcγR) provide important immunoregulation. Targeting inhibitory FcγRIIb may therefore prolong allograft survival, but its role in transplantation has not been addressed. FcγRIIb signaling was examined in murine models of acute or chronic cardiac allograft rejection by transplanting recipients that either lacked FcγRIIb expression (FcγRIIb−/−) or overexpressed FcγRIIb on B cells (B cell transgenic [BTG]). Acute heart allograft rejection occurred at the same tempo in FcγRIIb−/− C57BL/6 (B6) recipients as wild type recipients, with similar IgG alloantibody responses. In contrast, chronic rejection of MHC class II–mismatched bm12 cardiac allografts was accelerated in FcγRIIb−/− mice, with development of more severe transplant arteriopathy and markedly augmented effector autoantibody production. Autoantibody production was inhibited and rejection was delayed in BTG recipients. Similarly, whereas MHC class I–mismatched B6.Kd hearts survived indefinitely and remained disease free in B6 mice, much stronger alloantibody responses and progressive graft arteriopathy developed in FcγRIIb−/− recipients. Notably, FcγRIIb-mediated inhibition of B6.Kd heart graft rejection was abrogated by increasing T cell help through transfer of additional H2.Kd-specific CD4 T cells. Thus, inhibitory FcγRIIb signaling regulates chronic but not acute rejection, most likely because the supra-optimal helper CD4 T cell response in acute rejection overcomes FcγRIIb-mediated inhibition of the effector B cell population. Immunomodulation of FcγRIIb in clinical transplantation may hold potential for inhibiting progression of transplant arteriopathy and prolonging transplant survival.


Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential for a number of physiological processes and is particularly critical during nervous system development. The hippocampus is strongly implicated in cognition and is sensitive to developmental hypothyroidism. The impact of TH insufficiency in the foetus and neonate on hippocampal synaptic function has been fairly well characterised. Although adult onset hypothyroidism has also been associated with impairments in cognitive function, studies of hippocampal synaptic function with late onset hypothyroidism have yielded inconsistent results. In the present study, we report hypothyroidism induced by the synthesis inhibitor propylthiouracil (10 p.p.m., 0.001%, minimum of 4 weeks), resulted in marginal alterations in excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and population spike (PS) amplitude in the dentate gyrus measured in vivo. No effects were seen in tests of short‐term plasticity, and a minor enhancement of long‐term potentiation of the EPSP slope was observed. The most robust synaptic alteration evident in hypothyroid animals was an increase in synaptic response latency, which was paralleled by a failure to maintain normal body temperature under anaesthesia, despite warming on a heating pad. Latency shifts could be reversed in hypothyroid animals by increasing the external heat source and, conversely, synaptic delays could be induced in control animals by removing the heat source, with a consequent drop in body and brain temperature. Thermoregulation is TH‐ dependent, and anaesthesia necessary for surgical procedures posed a thermoregulatory challenge that was differentially met in control and hypothyroid animals. Minor increases in field potential EPSP slope, decreases in PS amplitudes and increased latencies are consistent with previous reports of hypothermia in naive control rats. We conclude that failures in thyroid‐dependent temperature regulation rather than direct action of TH in synaptic physiology are responsible for the observed effects. These findings stand in contrast to the synaptic impairments observed in adult offspring following developmental TH insufficiency, and emphasise the need to control for the potential unintended consequences of hypothermia in the interpretation of hypothyroid‐induced changes in physiological systems, most notably synaptic transmission.


This study aimed to characterise the quality of meat from commercially-raised rabbits. Animals came from five different producers and were  laughtered in three different plants under provincial or federal inspection jurisdiction. Animal behaviour evaluated by scan sampling prior to feed withdrawal (FW) and transport, as well as blood lactate concentration at exsanguination, did not raise concerns with respect to stress. Stomach pH was higher (P=0.047) when the FW time was short (≤13.5 h), at a mean value of 2.23. All pH values measured 1 h post-mortem from the Biceps femoris (BF) and almost all (97.6%) from the Longissimus lumborum (LL) were higher than 6. Values for ultimate pH measured 24 h postmortem(pHu) ranged from 5.80 to 6.83 and from 5.70 to 6.70 for BF and LL muscles, respectively. The maximum meat drip loss recorded was 2.6%, while cooking loss reached 30%. Meat lightness (L*) and colour intensity (C*) for the long FW times (≥23 h) were no different from those with short and intermediate (15.5 to 17.3 h) FW times. However, these colour parameters were higher for the short FW time class compared to the intermediate FW time class (P<0.02). A hierarchical cluster analysis based on pHu, cooking loss and lightness (L*) from 200 rabbit loins was performed. Of the four clusters created, clusters 1 and 2 had the best and second-best meat quality, respectively. Clusters 3 and 4 had the lowest meat quality and presented DFD-like (dark, firm and dry) characteristics. Meat did not exhibit PSE-like (pale, soft, exudative) characteristics, even for the slaughter lot with the minimum mean pHu. Of the eight slaughter lots evaluated, more than 50% of the meat from three of them fell into clusters 3 and 4; all three were in the intermediate FW time class. Overall, the quality of rabbit meat analysed was acceptable for commercial use, but rather variable. This suggests that there are factors within the value chain that are not yet fully controlled and require further investigation.


Are we heading toward a post-European age, a paradoxical revival of small-state particularism in the age of globalization? Has a feeling of threat and insecurity become so overwhelming that the "old clarity" is becoming attractive and people are fleeing into the future of the nineteenth century? Or might what feels like a sense of shock at the mortality of the European community mark the beginning of a historical turn away from a Europe dominated by the nation-state to a transnational European politics and society? The catastrophe threatening Europe has been analysed from the perspective of political institutions, the economy, elites, governments, and the law, but not from the perspective of the individual. What does Europe mean for individuals and what principles for a new social contract for Europe can be developed? In this essay I would like to design the thesis that Europe needs a new contrat social.


Objectives We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the nationwide Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to evaluate the association between obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyp (CRSsNP). Design Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of health survey data. Setting Voluntary survey of representative South Korean populations. Participants In total, 32 384 individuals aged 19 years or older with available data on CRS and obesity were included. Primary and secondary outcome measures Diagnosis of CRSwNP or CRSsNP was performed by trained otolaryngologists through sinus endoscopy and surveys of medical history. General and central obesity was diagnosed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), respectively. Methods A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the association between CRSwNP or CRSsNP and obesity according to BMI and WC. Non-obese individuals were recruited as controls. Results The prevalence of CRSwNP was higher in the general (OR, 1.438; 95% CI, 1.170 to 1.768; p<0.001) and central (OR, 1.251; 95% CI, 1.031 to 1.520; p=0.033) obesity groups than in the control group. Prevalence of CRSsNP was not correlated with obesity. In a logistic regression analysis, olfactory dysfunction (OR, 1.329; 95% CI, 1.137 to 1.553; p<0.001) and purulent discharge (OR, 1.383; 95% CI, 1.193 to 1.603; p<0.001) showed a higher incidence in the central obesity group than in the control group. Conclusions We demonstrated an association between CRSwNP and general and central obesity. Further investigations on the mechanism underlying this correlation are necessary for an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.


The objective is to present 2 clinical cases of complete vision loss after bifrontal access during craniotomy due to vascular brain pathology.Materials and methods. In one case, a bifrontal skin incision was used during subfrontal craniotomy to remove frontal lobe arteriovenous malformation, in the other one – to apply intracranial side-to-side anastomosis between A3 segments of both anterior cerebral arteries, and to clip proximal aneurysms of the anterior connecting artery and the anterior cerebral artery on the right. After the surgery, patients developed bilateral amaurosis and ophthalmoplegia. We analyzed data on patients' general clinical condition and their ophthalmological status prior to the surgery, as well as surgical videos and anesthesia records.Results. Intraoperative iatrogenic damage of cranial nerves and arteries was excluded. We distinguished that a suspected intraoperative factor, playing a decisive role, was a piece of skin applying direct pressure on the eyeballs. It was removed during the surgery.Conclusion. To prevent the development of such a complication as vision loss, it is necessary to carefully evaluate all possible risks at preoperative and intraoperative stages. During the surgery, all organs and systems at risk should be monitored. It is important to prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure and massive blood loss. During craniotomy, any eyeballs compression must be avoided.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Informed consent. All patients gave written informed consent to publication of their data.


The possibility of the cosmic string creation by the vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields in the self-consistent semiclassical theory of gravity is discussed. We use the approximate method for obtaining vacuum expectation value of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of conformally invariant quantum fields in static cylindrically symmetric spacetimes. We have obtained the particular solutions of Einstein equations for the different boundary conditions at the cylinder symmetry axis.


The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of oil prices on Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) using cointegration and causality analyses in two sub-samples: 1990:M1-2001:M2 and 2001:M3-2011:M12. Findings indicate that there is no long term and causal relationship in the first period while there is long term relationship and uni-directional causality running from oil prices to stock market in second period. Furthermore, in contrast to other oil importer countries, oil prices affect stock market positively in Turkey and the response of ISE index to the changes in oil prices is very expeditious.


We evaluated rapid and transient changes in phrenic (PN) and internal intercostal (IIC) activities when 0.5 ml of saline saturated with 100% CO2 was injected into the vertebral artery at the C1 level before and after cisternal administration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (acetazolamide) in decerebrated, spontaneously breathing cats. Before acetazolamide administration, the injections evoked an initial, transient inhibition of ongoing PN or IIC activity, followed by excitation of subsequent respiratory activities with a short onset latency of less than 3 sec. On the other hand, cisternal administration of acetazolamide abolished both the initial inhibition and the subsequent rapid excitation of respiratory activities, although there still existed a delayed, weak and prolonged excitation of respiration. These results indicated that hydration of CO2 accelerated by carbonic anhydrase within the brain would be essential for the rapid changes in respiratory activity mediated by the central chemoreceptors.


The low-quality pdf files formerly associated with this record have been removed. There are now full color replacements with descriptions at the item level, available at https://scholarship.rice.edu/handle/1911/21870.


Sulfur is an essential nutrient for all organisms. Plants take up most sulfur as inorganic sulfate, reduce it and incorporate it into cysteine during primary sulfate assimilation. However, some of the sulfate is partitioned into the secondary metabolism to synthesize a variety of sulfated compounds. The two pathways of sulfate utilization branch after activation of sulfate to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS). Recently we showed that the enzyme APS kinase limits the availability of activated sulfate for the synthesis of sulfated secondary compounds in Arabidopsis. To further dissect the control of sulfur partitioning between the primary and secondary metabolism, we analysed plants in which activities of enzymes that use APS as a substrate were increased or reduced. Reduction in APS kinase activity led to reduced levels of glucosinolates as a major class of sulfated secondary metabolites and an increased concentration of thiols, products of primary reduction. However, over-expression of this gene does not affect the levels of glucosinolates. Over-expression of APS reductase had no effect on glucosinolate levels but did increase thiol levels, but neither glucosinolate nor thiol levels were affected in mutants lacking the APR2 isoform of this enzyme. Measuring the flux through sulfate assimilation using [(35) S]sulfate confirmed the larger flow of sulfur to primary assimilation when APS kinase activity was reduced. Thus, at least in Arabidopsis, the interplay between APS reductase and APS kinase is important for sulfur partitioning between the primary and secondary metabolism.


The first edition of this book came out successfully in 1956. The present edition has grown to eighteen chapters from the seven before. Thus it lends itself better to teaching and to reading. In pages it is about 50-50 text and cases. There are 60 cases from the Harvard collection, a little longer on the average, more informative, permitting more involvement than in the edition before. This is not an edition revised just to get some data up to date. Like any such revision this should carry the book closer to what the author strove for in the first place. The book is written in an unhesitatingly personal style. Reading it is like sitting in on several lively lectures by this well-known teacher who obviously likes and lives his marketing. When Hansen likes something he says it "hits the nail on the head." If he is cool to something he plainly refers to "my lack of enthusiasm." Descriptions of marketing institutions are kept real. They are not wrung out to over-simplified generalities. Yet the text too often hurries on, leaving much unsaid or untested. Tables, graphs, and illustrations are abundant. Footnotes are plentiful and inviting. An excellent teacher's guide is available. In keeping with the strong trend toward mathematical and behavioral analysis, the first third of the book emphasizes training in these tools. Some chapters are: "Buying Motives and Practices," "Quantitative Aspects of Retail and Wholesale Trade," "Marketing Research," and "Probability Sampling." Note might be taken, however, of the pity that these tools are not more frequently exploited in the balance of the text. For instance, after an excellent development of proba-


A simple non-contact thickness measurement method based on a dual-confocal microscope has been developed and tested. A reference comparison method was adapted for calibration of the system. The high accuracy potential of the method was demonstrated by measuring the thickness of transparent samples and a non-transparent soft biological sample. Lensed-tip fibre-optic confocal sensors were tested for the method.


With the development of Web application, network traffic is constantly increasing. In order to do the performance testing of Web applications, a precise simulation of network traffic is necessary. However, traditional traffic model based on Poisson process can not characterize the behavior of real network traffic. Measurements of network traffic show that the property of the self-similarity is ubiquitous in Web environment. Because self-similarity is a common characteristic in todaypsilas network traffic, simulations which can generate the same degree of self-similarity as the original traffic are demanded. But nowadays, network traffic simulation has limitation by single computer. So this paper proposes a high-speed parallel algorithm to generate self-similar traffic based on the fraction Gaussian noise (FGN) model, We also give an architecture of a distributed system for running the parallel algorithm. The results show that the network traffic generated by the distributed system has self-similar property.


The 2J (13C, H), a measure of bond angle in CH2:CHCH2R (R = MgBr, Li, Na, K), (Z)- and (E)-MeCH:CHCH2K, CH2:CHCH:CHCH2R (R = Li, K), or (E)-hexadienyllithium, is used to assign the % s character in the C-H bonds. This and the 13C NMR chem. shifts indicate conformations in which the cations are outside of the hydrocarbon planes and in which they participate in nonbonding interactions with every other (odd numbered) C atoms. The electrostatics, based on the electron d. in chains, are discussed. [on SciFinder (R)]


Sixteen experimental plots of loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) grown in plantations in Tennessee, USA, were thinned to basal areas of 13.8 m 2 /ha (heavy), 23.0 m 2 /ha (moderate), or 32.2 m 2 /ha (light) in 1963 at age 23. In 1980 12-mm increment cores were removed at breast height, and sections encompassing 8 years before and after thinning were examined for changes in average wood density, radial growth, earlywood and latewood density, and percent latewood. As expected wood density increased with tree age but was not significantly affected by thinning, even though individual tree growth was considerably improved. Although radial growth usually decreases with age, it actually increased in the heavily thinned plots compared to the less severely thinned or unthinned (control) plots. Trees in the moderately and heavily thinned plots produced wood with lower earlywood density and higher latewood density while percent latewood remained unchanged. The timber strength and seasoning characteristics related to wood density should not be affected by thinning. However, the shift within growth rings of earlywood and latewood density distributions may adversely affect pulping qualities of wood.


In order to seek out the bottlenecks in the whole Chinese banking running process, this paper, based on the risk evaluation index system (REIS) and on the risk comparison model (RCM), compared and analyzed the risk comparison of 14 Chinese banks. In accordance with the risk level, these 14 banks could be measured off into 3 categories: the first category, consisted of Huaxia Bank China Merchants Bank Minsheng Bank, and Bank of China, has the highest level of safety; while the third category, consisted of the Agriculture Bank of China, ICBC, and Guangdong Development Bank is the bottleneck of China's banking system. Thus, the main reasons as nonperforming loans, incapability of profitability, and the illiquidity ratio of assets, which cause the risky situation of the commercial banks, are also the key points to the banking reform of whole safety.


The present study was carried out to determine the concentration of some bioactive phytochemicals (ascorbic acid, carotenoids, total phenolics, protein and carbohydrate) and their antioxidant activity in the some medicinal plants. To screen out the plants, as well as their parts having higher antioxidant activities, all main parts of plants were screened. Out of thirteen plant samples, ethanolic leaf extract of T. belerica showed minimum IC50 for free radical scavenging capacity (0.08 mg/ml), superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (0.39 mg/ml), lipid peroxidation (0.31 mg/ml) and ferric thio- cyanate chelation activity (0.89 mg/ml) as well as high reducing power (0.31 ASE/ml) capacity. We can infer that the parts of plant having high content of phytochemicals may serve as a good source of nutraceuticals which have potential for use in health care formulations.


Abstract During the current transmitting period of semiotics and humanities in the world the term semiotics can and should be only a general index about a new direction of doing theoretical scholarship in social-human sciences without being able, however, to attain a more precise definition about its identity, aim, zone and methods. Semioticians have got used to organizing their scientific practice according to the related professional frames and channels that are often motivated by some competitive-utilitarian aims easily losing insight into the internal criteria of the semiotic elementals. The present paper proposes to go back to the internal criteria to pay attention to the semiotic merits as such. A proposal is raised here about the possible change of some basic conception in the current semiotic practice that the general semiotic scholarship can be further divided into several different categories or types implicative of different criteria and procedures. Thus, the main division should be made between the American-communication-directed trend (semiotics 1) and the Frenchsignification- directed trend (semiotics 2). The so-called cross-cultural semiotics (in an exact sense it amounts to global semiotics; but in a popular sense it is used as an alternative of the non-westem semiotics; in this paper it means almost the latter) or part of it could become another category so as to be able to more pertinently grasp the semiotic elementals in more detailed ways. Then we could find out or create more pertinent signifying units to carry out more effectively anatomizing and recombining operations in semiotic practice.


The aluminum alloy AlMn1Cu has been broadly applied for functional parts production because of its good properties. But few researches about the machining mechanism and the surface roughness were reported. The high-speed milling experiments are carried out in order to improve the machining quality and reveal the machining mechanism. The typical topography features of machined surface are observed by scan electron microscope(SEM). The results show that the milled surface topography is mainly characterized by the plastic shearing deformation surface and material piling zone. The material flows plastically along the end cutting edge of the flat-end milling tool and meanwhile is extruded by the end cutting edge, resulting in that materials partly adhere to the machined surface and form the material piling zone. As the depth of cut and the feed per tooth increase, the plastic flow of materials is strengthened and the machined surface becomes rougher. However, as the cutting speed increases, the plastic flow of materials is weakened and the milled surface becomes smoother. The cutting parameters (e.g. cutting speed, feed per tooth and depth of cut) influencing the surface roughness are analyzed. It can be concluded that the roughness of the machined surface formed by the end cutting edge is less than that by the cylindrical cutting edge when a cylindrical flat-end mill tool is used for milling. The proposed research provides the typical topography features of machined surface of the anti-rust aluminum alloy AlMn1Cu in high speed milling.


BACKGROUND
Lymph node involvement in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a key prognostic factor. Therefore, extending the number of lymph node stations excised in pancreatoduodenectomy may be beneficial to patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the outcomes of extended versus standard lymphadenectomy in the published literature.

METHODS
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing extended with standard lymphadenectomy in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma was performed. Perioperative outcomes were assessed as pooled odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences. Overall survival was analysed for patients with positive and negative lymph nodes. Results were reported according to the PRISMA statement.

RESULTS
Five RCTs were included, accounting for 724 patients. Extended lymphadenectomy was associated with greater operative time [mean difference: 63 min, 95% confidence interval (CI) 29-96; P < 0.001], increased need for blood transfusions (mean difference: 0.20, 95% CI 0.01-0.30; P = 0.030) and greater postoperative morbidity (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.25-2.00; P = 0.030), as well as with prolonged diarrhoea after circumferential autonomic nerve dissection around major vessels (OR 12.2, 95% CI 5.3-28.5; P < 0.001). Median survival was similar across the groups in the whole cohort, as well as in subgroups of patients with, respectively, positive and negative lymph nodes.

CONCLUSIONS
Extended lymphadenectomy has a harmful impact on patients undergoing oncological pancreatoduodenectomy compared with standard lymphadenectomy.


Leaving Home presents a method of family therapy at the stage when children are leaving home. It includes a special classification of young people with problems, and tackles family orientation, the therapist support system, the first interview, apathy, troublemaking, a heroin problem, a chronic case, and resolved and unresolved issues. Visit www.haley-therapies.com for additional resources by Jay Haley, including live videos of the pioneering therapist in action.


The addition of phosphoric acids and their (by)products became a common practice in areas like metal treatment, detergent production, water and effluent treatment, as well by food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries. The phosphoric acids exhibit different radionuclides activity concentration, being important to evaluate the implications for the human and animal health. The 238U concentration in almost all raw acid phosphoric are within the worldwide range and the mean exposure rate for the filtration cake is 10 nGy/h, which is mainly attributed to 40K. The results obtained for total and (bio)available uranium concentration in filtration cake indicate that only 40% is (bio)available for plants. The radionuclides present in phosphoric acid food grade and filtration cake do not raise their concentration in human food chain or soils to harmful levels, consequently, not offering hazard to the ecosystem and animal or human health.


The purpose of this study is to compare the multiple intelligence level of athletes participating in Inter-University Kick Boxing Championships in Turkey according to different variables. The universe of the study is created by 650 athletes from 65 universities that attended to the Inter-University Kick-Boxing Championship in Turkey (between 06-11 March 2018). And the sample of the study is 87 athletes who voluntarily accepted to participate in the study. In the study, "Self-Assessment Inventory in Multiple Intelligence Areas," which was developed by Howard Gardner, translated into Turkish by Saban (2002) and whose validity and reliability (α = 0.93) were made, was used as the data collection tool in the study. SPSS 20 package program was used to analyze the data. The normality of the distribution was examined using the Shapiro Wilk test. It was observed that the available data had normal distribution. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) that compares the multiple intelligence levels of the athletes according to the universities they attend, the Tukey test, and the Independent sample t test that compares the multiple intelligence levels of the athletes according to the age variable were used. At the end of the study, depending on the age variable, Linguistic intelligence (p = .663; p <0.05), Logical intelligence (p = .724; p <0.05), Visual intelligence (p = 0.900; p <0.05), Musical intelligence (p = .815; p <0.05), Nature intelligence (p = .450; p <0.05), Interpersonal intelligence (p = .713; p <0.05), Kinesthetic intelligence (p = .548; p <0.05), Intrinsic intelligence (p = .799; p <0.05) no significant difference was found between the sub-dimension levels and the ages of the athletes.


Background The implementation of dose-banding in centralised cytotoxic preparation units allows the preparation of standardised doses in series. Based on this concept, dose-banded ready-to-administer ganciclovir infusion bags are prepared in series in the Pharmacy Department by using the APOTECAchemo robot. Expiration dates are to be determined based on physicochemical and microbiological stability studies. Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbiological stability of dose-banded, automatically prepared ready-to-administer infusion bags (10 per series) by media-fill simulation tests. Material and methods The aseptic preparation of a series of 10 infusion bags was simulated with purchased double-strength growth medium TSB (BDTM, Germany) and prefilled 250 mL 0.9% NaCl polyolefin infusion bags (Freeflex®, Fresenius, Germany). After withdrawal of superfluous vehicle solution, 125 ml of TSB were added and a final volume of 250 ml achieved. The simulation process was performed with the APOTECAchemo robot on five consecutive days. In total, 50 infusion bags were filled, incubated and stored for 12 weeks (maximum intended storage interval) at room temperature. The media-filled bags were visually inspected for turbidity after 2, 4, 8, 10 and 12 weeks. After 4 weeks, 10 bags were randomly sampled and growth promotion tests performed by inoculation of S. epidermidis KH6 or S. aureus ATCC6538 suspensions in order to achieve a concentration of 10 CFU/mL, i.e. 2500 CFU/bag. During the simulation tests, airborne contamination was monitored with settle plates and microbial surface contamination with contact plates. Results None of the 50 media-filled bags showed turbidity after an incubation period of 2 weeks and storage period up to 8 weeks, indicating the absence of microorganisms. Positive growth promotion tests proved the process reliability, since both bacteria species caused turbidity in all samples after 5 days of incubation. The environmental monitoring with settle/contact plates matched the recommended limits set for cleanroom Grade A zones, except in the loading area of the robot. Conclusion Media-fill simulation tests and supplemental environmental monitoring of aseptic preparation of infusion bags in series by the APOTECAchemo revealed an adequate sterility level and a well-controlled aseptic procedure. The sterility was maintained over extended incubation and storage periods, thereby encouraging extended expiration dating. No conflict of interest


Humans in running life always want happiness. This is because the purpose of human life is towards happiness. Every individual will never be the same in experiencing happiness because happiness cannot be assessed absolutely but relatively. In studying happiness, this article discusses 2 concepts of happiness according to hedonism and eudaimonism. The view of hedonism says that every individual is actually looking for as much happiness as possible and always avoids all feelings that result in pain. Aristippus who is a figure of hedonism stated that the purpose of life is happiness that is obtained through a movement that is smooth, weak, graceful, pleasure and far from pain as a dream for every individual. Epicurus continued who viewed the purpose of life as atraxia, namely the absence of fear, peace of mind, the absence of restlessness or anxiety. Eudaimonism has the view that happiness is the highest good. Socrates argues that humans in their lives have aspirations to achieve happiness which can be achieved if each individual has the virtue of knowing something "good". Aristoteles considered that happiness was the ultimate goal of everything he did. This can be assessed by the way each individual views his own life and is always grateful for whatever is in himself. Writing this article uses literature study by reading books, articles, watching movies or videos to get information about the topic being discussed.


The aims were to investigate whether oocyte-secreted growth factors from a high (i.e. rat) and low (i.e. sheep) ovulation rate species could stimulate (3)H-thymidine incorporation in granulosa cells (GC) from antral follicles from the same or across species. Denuded oocytes (DO) were co-incubated with GC with or without specific antibodies to growth differentiating factor 9 (GDF9) or bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15). Co-incubations of DO-GC from the same or across species significantly increased thymidine incorporation in GC with increasing numbers of DO. GDF9 immuno-neutralisation reduced thymidine incorporation in rat GC co-incubated with either rat or ovine DO and in ovine GC co-incubated with ovine or rat DO. BMP15 immuno-neutralisation only reduced thymidine incorporation when ovine DO were co-incubated with either ovine or rat GC. Western blotting of oocytes co-incubated with GC identified GDF9 and BMP15 proteins for sheep and GDF9 protein for rats in oocyte lysates and incubation media. With respect to rat BMP15, a promature protein was identified in the oocyte lysate but not in media. Expression levels of GDF9 relative to BMP15 mRNA in DO co-incubated with GC were highly correlated (R (2)=0.99) within both species. However, the expression ratios were markedly different for the rat and sheep (4.3 vs 1.0 respectively). We conclude that during follicular development, rat oocytes secrete little, if any, BMP15 and that GDF9 without BMP15 can stimulate proliferation of rat and ovine GC. In contrast, ovine oocytes secrete both BMP15 and GDF9, and both were found to stimulate proliferation in ovine and rat GC.


Background Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) has been established as important nosocomial pathogen in many geographic regions. Transmission from patient to patient via the hands of healthcare workers is the main route of spread in the acute-care setting. Methodology/Principal Findings Epidemiological and infection control data were recorded during a prospective observational study conducted in a surgical unit of a tertiary-care hospital in Greece. Surveillance culture for CPKP were obtained from all patients upon admission and weekly thereafter. The Ross-Macdonald model for vector-borne diseases was applied to obtain estimates for the basic reproduction number R0 (average number of secondary cases per primary case in the absence of infection control) and assess the impact of infection control measures on CPKP containment in endemic and hyperendemic settings. Eighteen of 850 patients were colonized with CPKP on admission and 51 acquired CPKP during hospilazation. R0 reached 2 and exceeded unity for long periods of time under the observed hand hygiene compliance (21%). The minimum hand hygiene compliance level necessary to control transmission was 50%. Reduction of 60% to 90% in colonized patients on admission, through active surveillance culture, contact precautions and isolation/cohorting, in combination with 60% compliance in hand hygiene would result in rapid decline in CPKP prevalence within 8–12 weeks. Antibiotics restrictions did not have a substantial benefit when an aggressive control strategy was implemented. Conclusions/Significance Surveillance culture on admission and isolation/cohorting of colonized patients coupled with moderate hand hygiene compliance and contact precautions may lead to rapid control of CPKP in endemic and hyperendemic healthcare settings.


This paper investigates how family ownership, control and management affect firm investment performance. We use the identity of the CEO and the COB to establish under what management the firm is: founder, descendent or external management. The analysis shows that founder management has no effect on investment performance in family firms, whereas descendant management has a negative impact on firm performance and having external hired managers significantly improves investment performance. Moreover, we examine the effects of dual-class shares; we find that the separation of voting right from cash-flow right has a negative impact on performance in both family and non-family firms, but the negative effect is larger in family firms.


Some steps are taken towards a parametric statistical model for the velocity and velocity derivative fields in stationary turbulence, building on the background of existing theoretical and empirical knowledge of such fields. While the ultimate goal is a model for the three-dimensional velocity components, and hence for the corresponding velocity derivatives, we concentrate here on the stream wise velocity component. Discrete and continuous time stochastic processes of the first-order autoregressive type and with one-dimensional marginals having log-linear tails are constructed and compared with two large data-sets. It turns out that a first-order autoregression that fits the local correlation structure well is not capable of describing the correlations over longer ranges. A good fit locally as well as at longer ranges is achieved by using a process that is the sum of two independent autoregressions. We study this type of model in some detail. We also consider a model derived from the above-mentioned autoregressions and with dependence structure on the borderline to long-range dependence. This model is obtained by means of a general method for construction of processes with long-range dependence. Some suggestions for future empirical and theoretical work are given.


Emergency care involves the care of patients with acute illnesses or injuries that require immediate medical attention. Periodic evaluation of emergency unit generally provides an excellent means of auditing hospital performance and assessing the quality of services in the hospital. The aim was to determine the pattern and outcome of Pediatrics admissions at the emergency Pediatrics unit of Federal Medical Centre Nguru, Yobe State, Nigeria. This is a retrospective review of case notes of all children admitted into emergency unit at the Pediatrics Department of Federal Medical Centre Nguru between November 2015 and October 2017. The data was entered into SPSS version 20 soft-ware and a descriptive analysis was used for analysis of the data. A total of 3289 patients aged from 1 month to 192 months (16 years) were seen. The mean age was 52.1± 46.3 months. There were 57.8% males and 42.2% females. Underfive children admitted were 62.2%, children 5 years and above were 37.8%. The common indications for admission were malaria (24.8%), diarrhea (11.1%), sickle disease (9.8%) and sepsis (7.4%). Most (50.0%) of the patients were transferred to the ward, while 35.0% discharged home from the EPU. Mortality was 11.6%, while 0.8% of the patients were discharged against medical advice and 1.2% absconded from admission. Infections especially malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea diseases are the most prevalent causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in emergency pediatric unit of the hospital, and children less than 5 years of age are commonly affected.


This work aims at investigating the productivity premia of three alternative modes of internationalization for a panel of Italian manufacturing firms: FDI, international outsourcing, and exporting. By using simple regression tests we try to investigate whether and to what extent these modes of firm's entry into the foreign markets increase the productivity of firms at home. Surprisingly, our findings show that firms that self-select in engaging in exporting have the greatest productivity gains. The findings hold true even when we extend the analysis to geographical country penetrations.


Aim: This study focuses on assessing the haematopoietic potential of ethanolic extract of Talinum triangulare leaves in Wistar rats.
Methods: Fresh plants of T. triangulare were purchased from a local market in Orita-Challenge area of Ibadan, Nigeria. They were air dried at room temperature in an open laboratory space for 21 days and milled into powder. The extraction was done using soxhlet apparatus and ethanol as the solvent. The ethanol was evaporated in a rotary evaporator at 35°C with a yield of 2.76 g which represents a percentage yield of 11.04%. Ten adult male Wistar rats with body weight between 150 and 170 g were used for this study. They were randomly divided into two groups of five rats each. Animals in group A were administered saline solution while those in group B were administered T. triangulare leaf extract. The administration was done 12 hourly for twenty-eight days at 100 mg/kg body weight via oral route since the plant is consumed orally. At the end of the treatment, animals were fasted overnight and anaesthetized using diethyl ether. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture into heparinized bottles. Haematological parameters were determined using standard methods.
Results: A  significant increase was observed in the PCV, Hb, RBC, MCV, WBC, lymphocyte and platelet counts of control animals when compared with those treated with leaf extract of T. triangulare at p<0.05. However, treatment had no significant difference on the neutrophil of animals.
Conclusion: The significant increase observed in the erythrocyte parameters of animals used in this study indicates that T. triangulare leaves have haematopoietic properties and can be used to boost blood level especially in menstruating and pregnant women as well as anaemia patients. Its ability to significantly increase white blood cell parameters is an indication that T. triangulare leaves can boost the immune system and thus defend the body against xenobiotics.


Since the implementation of the commercial whaling ban in the 1980s, whale‐watching has become the most important economic activity involving whales worldwide. Whale‐watching is promoted as a platform for education and conservation awareness of marine biodiversity. In Peru, where cetacean species are still in jeopardy, whale‐watching may play an important part in promoting the protection of these species. This study aimed to determine the degree of whale‐watching tourists' knowledge regarding cetacean ecology and conservation status and to evaluate if whale‐watching tours could serve as platforms for educating the public and raising conservation awareness. The results of 196 closed‐ended questionnaires and 20 open‐ended interviews conducted before and after whale‐watching tours, during the humpback whale season (winter–spring 2014) in northern Peru, revealed an overall lack of knowledge concerning the presence of species of cetaceans in Peruvian waters and threats to marine biodiversity. However, after the whale‐watching excursion, participants said they would be more willing to change their behaviour with respect to cetacean conservation and marine environment protection. This study suggests that whale‐watching platforms, when implemented with adequate interpreters, can serve as a source of environmental education and can raise conservation awareness. This is an important conservation strategy to consider in countries, such as Peru, where by‐catch and direct hunting are decimating local cetacean populations.


Article history: Received: 26 Oct 2011 Accepted: 14 Dec 2011 Available online: 29 Oct 2012 ZJRMS 2013; 15(6): 1-7 Background: Acute renal failure induced by ischemia / reperfusion (I/R) causes excretory functional disorders of nephrons. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the intake of oral rosemary extract (gavage) on hemodynamic changes and tissue damages caused by I/R. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats, composed of 4 groups (n=10) including control, sham, I/R+normal saline (I/R+NS) posttreatment and I/R+rosemary (I/R+RO) post-treatment. They were fed with 10 ml/kg of 8% aqueous extract or vehicle as gavages during the first 48 hours after I/R. To induce I/R, both renal artery and vein were blocked for 30 minutes followed by a reperfusion within 48 hours. Then urine and plasma samples were collected and histological study was also conducted after removal of both kidneys. Data were analyzed by SPSS-11.5 software. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test were used for intergroup comparison and p≤ 0.05 was used as the significant level. The Kruskal–Wallis multiple comparison test was also used for doing histological analysis Results: Comparison of renal function between two groups of (I/R+RO) and (I/R+NS), showed a significant reduction in plasma creatinine (p=0.05), the blood urea nitrogen (p=0.05), absolute excretion of sodium (p=0.001) and an increase in absolute potassium excretion (p=0.01). Results of the histological study also indicated a significant decrease in the vascular congestion, Bowman's capsule space and oxidative stress in the group (I/R+RO) in comparison with (I/R+NS). Conclusion: Treatment with rosemary may be effective in the reduction of the functional and histological effects of I/R. Copyright © 2013 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.


3D vehicle detection based on point cloud is a challenging task in real-world applications such as autonomous driving. Despite significant progress has been made, we observe two aspects to be further improved. First, the semantic context information in LiDAR is seldom explored in previous works, which may help identify ambiguous vehicles. Second, the distribution of point cloud on vehicles varies continuously with increasing depths, which may not be well modeled by a single model. In this work, we propose a unified model SegVoxelNet to address the above two problems. A semantic context encoder is proposed to leverage the free-of-charge semantic segmentation masks in the bird's eye view. Suspicious regions could be highlighted while noisy regions are suppressed by this module. To better deal with vehicles at different depths, a novel depth-aware head is designed to explicitly model the distribution differences and each part of the depth-aware head is made to focus on its own target detection range. Extensive experiments on the KITTI dataset show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art alternatives in both accuracy and efficiency with point cloud as input only.


Here a simple low-cost yet robust route has been developed to prepare poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microspheres with various surface wrinkle patterns. First, the aqueous-phase-synthesized PDMS microspheres are exposed to oxygen plasma (OP), yielding the oxidized SiOx layer and the corresponding stiff shell/compliant core system. The subsequent solvent swelling and solvent evaporation induce the spontaneous formation of a series of curvature and overstress-sensitive spherical wrinkles such as dimples, short rodlike depressions, and herringbone and labyrinth patterns. The effects of the experimental parameters, including the radius and Young's modulus of the microspheres, the OP exposure duration, and the nature of the solvents, on these tunable spherical wrinkles have been systematically studied. The experimental results reveal that a power-law dependence of the wrinkling wavelength on the microsphere radius exists. Furthermore, the induced wrinkling patterns are inherently characteristic of a memory effect and good reversibility. Meanwhile, the corresponding phase diagram of the wrinkle morphologies on the spherical surfaces vs the normalized radius of curvature and the excess swelling degree has been demonstrated. It is envisioned that the introduced strategy in principle could be applied to other curved surfaces for expeditious generation of well-defined wrinkle morphologies, which not only enables the fabrication of solids with multifunctional surface properties, but also provides important implications for the morphogenesis in soft materials and tissues.


We have studied the possibility of making biocompatible, conductive patterns on a substrate by controlling the lateral growth rate of conducting polymers upon electropolymerization. Surface modification with heparin was found to enhance the lateral growth of polypyrrole, especially in the presence of dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and thus the micropatterning of heparin around electrodes leads to the formation of polypyrrole patterns.


Cissus qudrangularis L. (Hadjod) belongs to Vitaceae family is an indigenous medicinal plant of India. It has been prescribed in ancient Ayurvedic texts by Bhava Prakash and Chakra Dutta as a general tonic especially for the fractured patient. The stem of Cissus quadrangular is L. is also reputed in Ayurveda as alterative, anthelmintic, dyspeptic, digestive, tonic, analgesic in eye and ear diseases, in the treatment of irregular menstruation and asthma, and in complaints of the back and spine. The plant extracts also exhibit cardio tonic property. in present study there are various test reveals the presence of Alkaloids ,Carbohydrates, Glycosides Tannins – phenolic compounds Protein and amino acids Gum and mucilage Flavones and flavonoids Saponins Steroids and sterols, in the various types of extract as Petroleum ether extract ,Chloroform extract ,Ethyl Acetate Extract, n-Butanol. Preliminary qualitative chemical tests of extracts were found positive results for Phytosterol, flavonoids and triterpenoids in Ethyl acetate fraction, Hydro alcoholic fraction was positive to carbohydrate, tannin and amino acid and vitamin C. Flavonoids and triterpenoids are the active constituents in stem of Cissus quadrangularis L. and may be responsible for its pharmacological activities The results of the study could be useful in setting some diagnostic indices for the identification and preparation of a monograph of the plant.


The high-throughput extraction of quantitative imaging features from medical images for the purpose of radiomic analysis, i.e., radiomics in a broad sense, is a rapidly developing and emerging research field that has been attracting increasing interest, particularly in multimodality and multi-omics studies. In this context, the quantitative analysis of multidimensional data plays an essential role in assessing the spatio-temporal characteristics of different tissues and organs and their microenvironment. Herein, recent developments in this method, including manually defined features, data acquisition and preprocessing, lesion segmentation, feature extraction, feature selection and dimension reduction, statistical analysis, and model construction, are reviewed. In addition, deep learning-based techniques for automatic segmentation and radiomic analysis are being analyzed to address limitations such as rigorous workflow, manual/semi-automatic lesion annotation, and inadequate feature criteria, and multicenter validation. Furthermore, a summary of the current state-of-the-art applications of this technology in disease diagnosis, treatment response, and prognosis prediction from the perspective of radiology images, multimodality images, histopathology images, and three-dimensional dose distribution data, particularly in oncology, is presented. The potential and value of radiomics in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are also further analyzed, and for the first time, the advances and challenges associated with dosiomics in radiotherapy are summarized, highlighting the latest progress in radiomics. Finally, a robust framework for radiomic analysis is presented and challenges and recommendations for future development are discussed, including but not limited to the factors that affect model stability (medical big data and multitype data and expert knowledge in medical), limitations of data-driven processes (reproducibility and interpretability of studies, different treatment alternatives for various institutions, and prospective researches and clinical trials), and thoughts on future directions (the capability to achieve clinical applications and open platform for radiomics analysis).


Oxygen metabolites generated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase contribute to microbial killing by phagocytes. To compare the importance of the 2 enzymes for host defense, MPO-deficient (MPO(-/-)) mice and NADPH-oxidase-deficient mice with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD mice) were intraperitoneally infected with 3 different doses of Candida albicans, and their infection severity was analyzed. CGD mice had increased mortality and exhibited increased tissue fungal burden in a dose-dependent manner, whereas normal mice showed no symptoms. Of interest, at the highest dose, the mortality of MPO(-/-) mice was comparable to that of CGD mice, but at the lowest dose, it was the same as that of normal mice. At the middle dose, the number of fungi disseminated into various organs of the MPO(-/-) mice was comparable to that of the CGD mice at day 6 of infection, but it was significantly lower at day 14. These results suggest that MPO and NADPH-oxidase are equally important for early host defense against a large inoculum of Candida.


Atrial fibrillation is a clinically important arrhythmia that carries important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and rheumatic valvular disease are the commonest causes of atrial fibrillation. The presence of chronic or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation places the patient at increased risk for embolic stroke and/or death. When atrial fibrillation develops, there is loss of the atrial transport factor ("atrial kick"), with consequent decrease of cardiac output. Stroke output declines by 20-30% in normal individuals with loss of atrial kick; the decline in stroke output is considerably larger in patients with heart disease. Atrial fibrillation can be electrically or pharmacologically reverted to sinus rhythm. Even patients with refractory atrial fibrillation can be reverted to sinus rhythm with amiodarone.


Background and ImportanceThe opening of a pharmaceutical care service for onco-haematology patients (OHP) in the midst of the health care crisis caused by the COVID19 pandemic, made it possible to maintain the healthcare activity, avoid the collapse and provide the opportunity to implement Comprehensive Medication Management (CMM).Aim and ObjectivesTo investigate the pharmacotherapeutic experience of OHP in outpatient therapy with CMM services;to know important aspects perceived for the identification of barriers/facilitators that determine the quality of the service and proposals for improvement.Material and MethodsDescriptive observational design with a qualitative approach, using informal and semi-structured in-depth interviews (participant observation and peer review) during January-June 2021. ATLAS.ti software was used for content analysis. Oncohaematology patients in outpatient therapy with any medication-related problem and who received CMM services were interviewed. Those who, due to cognitive limitation, could not be interviewed or who did not have a caregiver/family member available were excluded.Results19 interviews were conducted: 57.89% patients and 42.10% caregivers;57.89% were women. All patients were very satisfied with the care received, the vast majority preferred to be attended by a pharmacist, and valued telepharmacy as an alternative or complementary option. The vision of the pharmacy professional as an expert in medicines improves. They suggest improvement related to location, waiting times and greater accessibility of the pharmacist. After the researchers' reflective process, were identified as barriers: care pressure, limited time/resources, lack of interlevel coordination, and facilitators: prioritisation of interventions, integration of pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team, trust in the pharmacist and the new model of care. Improvement strategies: provision of human/material resources with release of pharmacist's time to provide the CMM, extension of hours, information management with the development of personal learning environment and use of programs for recording/integration of information and interventions.Conclusion and RelevanceDelving into patients' experiences can be key to improving the quality of care. In our case, the implementation of the CMM service in OHP has been a challenge and an opportunity in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pharmacy adapted to the needs and implemented a new model of care with excellent acceptance by users.References and/or AcknowledgementsConflict of InterestNo conflict of interest


More and more, the world of art is becoming an attentive listener, as if a terra incognita remained to be explored, another state of the world to be discovered, and an unheard-of experience to be tried. A salutary revelation in which places resonate, and we are inhabited by sounds. This sensitivity to the auditory world applies both to recognized architectural works, as well as to ordinary urban environments, to a building that is considered remarkable, as it is to a square that is regarded as nondescript. In any case, it is a question of paying attention to our ways of living, of auscultating our forms of life, of listening to atmospheres. By listening, we are immersed in a moment of life, a point of existence, a climatic situation, an ambient landscape. We belong to the atmosphere of a place by experiencing its unique tonalities and imperceptible modulations. Thus, a whole world of nuances opens up to us, inviting discovery, with its intensities, variations and dynamics. Sound anchors us in the here and now of the experience, just as it transports us to a world of feelings and memories. In this regard, three principal features characterize ambient sound: resonance, performance, and consistency. Resonance reinforces or emphasizes the faculty of vibrating in unison with the ambience. This means getting oneself in tune with the surrounding world, entering into a kind of sympathy or harmony with it, putting ourselves on the same wavelength. As Jean-Luc Nancy1 so beautifully says: 'Strike from the outside, clamour from within, this sound body, body of sound, begins simultaneously to listen to a "self" and a "world" which are both in resonance.' Performance refers to the generative and dynamic component of the sound world. Sound is thus presented as the effect of an activity and the deployment of a movement, as the result of doing and time in the process of configuring itself. When we listen to a place, we inevitably feel the marks of time, not an abstract time, the time measured by clocks, but indeed a qualified time, in so doing. In his rhythmanalysis project, Henri Lefebvre2 rightly highlighted sound's crucial role in capturing ambient dynamics. Finally, consistency reveals sound's sensitivity to situations and its ability to hold together the different variables of a particular context. In the same situation, one may hear at once a crowd walking, the rain as it beats on the footpath, the reverberation of a mineral space, a friendly discussion in progress, or the noise of traffic off in the distance, etc. All of these voices intertwine and combine, creating for the listener a unique diffuse quality, an unusual emotional tonality, representative of the ambient situation. Victor Zuckerkandl3 spoke in this regard of 'tonal coalescence' in order to refer to the tendency of the sound world to integrate the diverse. What then of this capacity of sound to permeate us and affect us? How does sound invite us to experience a space? What of the atmospheric power of the sound world? Haroon Mirza's artistic intervention at the Villa Savoye generates such queries and raises anew the question of just how we experience an atmosphere.