Middle Ordovician Trenton strata in southern Ontario are represented by a generally transgressive sequence that reflects a wide spectrum of carbonate environments from tidal flat, through lagoon and shoal, into deeper shelf carbonates. The Trenton conformably overlies the shallow water carbonates of the Black River and is unconformably overlain by the gray-black noncalcareous shales of the Blue Mountain Formation. Virtually all Ordovician production in Ontario is associated with structural deformation related to rejuvenation of a Precambrian fracture framework triggered by orogenic events in the nearby Appalachian orogene. The reservoirs are characterized by the replacement of original bioclastic limestone beds by more or less discontinuous lenses of fine to medium-grained, light to medium-brown crystalline dolostone. Pools generally are linear, following the trend of the associated fracture. Six of the 18 known Ordovician pools in Ontario are located in Essex County. A detailed study of the geology and reservoirs confirmed the close association of fracturing, dolomitization, and hydrocarbon entrapment. Representative samples of well cuttings from 20 wells were analyzed by XRD (x-ray defraction) to determine calcite-dolomite ratios. As expected, low ratios were present in the producing reservoirs. Partially dolomitized zones were revealed in wells in close proximity to fractures. Formation water originating in the underlying Cambrian sandstones was probably the main dolomitizing agent as it migrated up through the fracture. Dolomitization enhanced already existing porosity within the bioclastic zones. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1929------------


An advertisement is a promotional strategy to introduce a product, brand, or service to a targeted viewership; with the intent to pique their attention, encourage interaction, and ultimately, attract sales. Containing pictures, words and graphics that are familiar and present in the targeted group's realities, advertisements, in addition to financial gains, it also greatly reflects and influences the socio-cultural construct and worldview of a community. In advertising operations carried out particularly via social media platforms, the use of language to manipulate gender depiction as an advertising strategy is recurrently observed. On this premise, this qualitative study looked into the language used in Malay advertisements for beauty products available on Instagram, a social media application. The feminist stylistic framework (Mill, 1998) served as the foundation for the textual analysis approach used to examine 150 Instagram adverts for Malay beauty goods. The stylistic features in particular were evaluated based on Verdonk (2002)'s framework, with a focus on the use of language in depicting women and the role of the language in shaping the depiction. The results demonstrated that the stylistic features utilised in Malay beauty products advertisements contained characteristics that are stereotypically assigned to women. The extensive effect of patriarchy, stereotypes, and woman sexualisation as a marketing tactic is also evident in the seller's language use. This study aims to offer evidence-based justifications for changes to be made to the existing social media advertising practice, especially in terms of language appropriateness and ethics. Keywords: Feminist stylistics, Malay beauty products, advertising language, female representation, social media advertisement.


R-irniine is a natural 2-alkylpyrrolidine alkaloid extracted from Arisarum vulgare Targ., a species belonging to the Araceae family known in Morocco for its toxicity. Cytotoxic and electrophysiological studies of this compound on human MRC-5 fibroblasts were carried out. Cytotoxic potential of R-irniine was detected on MRC-5 fibroblasts at 40 µg/mL. We carried out the electrophysiological study of this compound on MRC-5 cells by using the technique of patch-clamp in "Whole cell" configuration. R-irniine showed no effect on the outward potassium current of the MRC-5 fibroblasts.


There are three main economic activities that every individual has to do with them in his or her life to achieve economic well-being and prosperity. They are; production, distribution and consumption. Those activities concern not only with need fulfillment and profitability, but also involve human behaviour either producers' behaviour or consumers' behaviour. The economic men whose behaviour arises from the scarcity of means to achieve given ends, has made people to behave in a way that is in accordance with economic rationality to achieve maximization. However, rationality does not necessarily imply maximization, as the forms of rationality could be selfish and egoistic, it could also be beneficial for one individual but harmful for the society. This is, because the principle of Economics is that every individual is actuated and motivated by self-interest. In an Islamic perspective, people's behaviour must be in accordance with the Islamic values and norms and to seek the pleasure of God the almighty. This does not mean to ignore the rational behaviour in economy, but that rationality must be in accordance with the Shari'ah and the Islamic values and norms wich in turn will guide them in dealing with economic activities to bring them into economic well-being and prosperity. With regard to the bahviour in dealing with people and other creatures and to treat people as we wish to be treated in good treatment, I will come up with the concept of al-Mu'amalah al-Maddiyah and al-Mu'amalah al-Adabiyah. Although the concept is quite universal, it is quite useful to apply them in our economic activities in the framework of Islamic economics, so that our economic behaviour is in accordance with the Shari'ah.


Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) is a highly malicious childhood malignancy characterized by a specific chromosomal translocation encoding the oncogenic transcription factor PAX3-FOXO1. As aRMS cells are addicted to the tumor-specific fusion protein, it may serve as an ideal therapeutic target. Previously, we have identified from a large drug library screen the compound Fenretinide (retinoic acid p-hydroxyanilide), which is already in clinical use, to affect both PAX3-FOXO1 expression as well as aRMS cell viability. The aim of this study was therefore to characterize the mode of action of Fenretinide in more detail. First, we were able to show that Fenretinide induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria. A more detailed characterization revealed that the Fenretinide-induced ROS derived from an interaction of Fenretinide around complex II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, leading to the production of superoxides. ROS scavenging as well as complexing of iron ions completely abolished cell death. To identify the mode of cell death involved, we then used a range of pharmacological inhibitors of specific cell death pathways including Z-vad (pan -caspase inhibitor), Necrostatin-1 (necroptosis pathway inhibitor (RIP-1 kinase inhibitor)), 3-Methyadenine (3-MA) (autophagy pathway inhibitor (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor)) and Ferrostatin (ferroptosis pathway inhibitor) during Fenretinide treatment. Surprisingly, none of these inhibitors alone was able to prevent cell death and even different combinations were not sufficient to completely inhibit cell death. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated depletion of key players in the apoptotic and necroptotic pathway (Bak, Bax and RIPK1) confirmed the pharmacological data. We therefore conclude that other, less characterized cell death pathways or a combination of several pathways including apoptosis and necroptosis might be crucial. Interestingly, electron microscopic examination of cells pointed towards an excessive accumulation of vacuoles to be characteristic. Taken together, our data show that Fenretinide shows high potential for the treatment of aRMS, inducing several forms of cell death mediated through the production of ROS. These properties open the search for additional compounds acting in a combinatorial manner. Citation Format: Eva Brack, Marco Wachtel, Beat W. Schaefer. Characterization of the mode of action of Fenretinide treatment in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 700. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-700


In commonplace textual password schemes, users choose passwords that are easy to recall. Since memorable passwords typically exhibit patterns, they are exploitable by brute-force password crackers using attack dictionaries. This leads us to ask what classes of graphical passwords users find memorable. We postulate one such class supported by a collection of cognitive studies on visual recall, which can be characterized as mirror symmetric (reflective) passwords. We assume that an attacker would put this class in an attack dictionary for graphical passwords and propose how an attacker might order such a dictionary. We extend the existing analysis of graphical passwords by analyzing the size of the mirror symmetric password space relative to the full password space of the graphical password scheme of Jermyn et al. (1999), and show it to be exponentially smaller (assuming appropriate axes of reflection). This reduction in size can be compensated for by longer passwords: the size of the space of mirror symmetric passwords of length about L + 5 exceeds that of the full password space for corresponding length L ≤ 14 on a 5 × 5 grid. This work could be used to help in formulating password rules for graphical password users and in creating proactive graphical password checkers.


Research into regenerative dentistry has added impetus onto the field of molecular biology. It can be documented as a prototype shift in the therapeutic armamentarium for dental disease. Regenerative endodontic procedures are widely being added to the current armamentarium of pulp therapy procedures. The regenerative potential of platelets has been deliberated. A new family of platelet concentrates called the platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has been recently used by several investigators and has shown application in diverse disciplines of dentistry. This paper is intended to add light on the various prospects of PRF and clinical insights to regenerative endodontic therapy.


Germanium is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its high theoretical specific capacity, high ion diffusivity, and rate capability. However, large volume changes and pulverization deteriorate the cycling performance. In this study, flexible electrospun germanium/carbon nanofibers (Ge/CNFs) were prepared via electrospinning followed by heat treatment. MoS2 nanoparticles were subsequently anchored on the flexible Ge/CNFs via hydrothermal synthesis. Flexible MoS2 anchored on Ge/CNFs (MoS2@Ge/CNFs) was used as a self-standing binder-free anode in an SIB. Because of the high electronic conductivity of CNFs and the many active sites of MoS2 nanoparticles, a high initial capacity of over 880 mAh/g was achieved at a current density of 0.1 A/g. Moreover, the flexible binder-free MoS2@Ge/CNFs exhibited an excellent C-rate performance with a reversible capacity of over 300 mAh/g at a current density of 2 A/g. Therefore, we demonstrated that flexible binder-free MoS2@Ge/CNFs are a promising electrode candidate for a high-performance rechargeable battery.


In this paper a novel approach for controlling the output voltage ofthe isolated fly back converter is presented using sliding mode controller. Due to non-minimum-phas e nature of the converter and presence of a right-half-plan- zero in voltage transfer function, indirect regulation of the output voltage is applied. In the designed controller, simultaneous use of output voltage and transformer current feedbacks improves dynamic response of the controller. The sliding mode controller is developed so that in the final control law, integral of the output voltage error is present and consequently the output voltage error will be zero in the steady-state. Also, in order to measure transformer magnetizing current, simple and efficient method is proposed. Finally, in order to evaluate response of the controller, flyback converter is a simulated using MATLAB / Simulink.


A configuration in which the vacuum vessel (VV) fits tightly to the plasma aids the passive plasma vertical stability, and ferromagnetic material in the VV reduces the toroidal field ripple. The blanket modules are supported directly by the VV. A full scale VV sector model has provided critical information related to fabrication technology and for testing the magnitude of welding distortions and achievable tolerances. This R&D validated the fundamental feasibility of the double wall VV design. The blanket module configuration consists of a shield body to which a separate first wall is mounted. The separate first wall has a facet geometry consisting of multiple flat panels, where 3-D machining will not be required. A configuration with deep slits minimizes the induced eddy currents and loads. The feasibility and robustness of solid hot isostatic pressing joining were demonstrated in the R&D by manufacturing and testing several small and medium scale mock-ups and finally two prototypes. Remote handling tests and assembly tests of a blanket module have demonstrated the basic feasibility of its installation and removal.


As part of a long term program, the structures of some common weedicides are being determined. Recently the work has centered around the preparation of transition metal complexes of some of these compounds. As a result of a synthesis of a Cu(II) complex involving picloram (4-amino-3,5,6- trichloropicolinic acid) and the nitrogen donor ligand, guanidine, hard white prismatic needles were easily obtained as a reaction by-product. Chemical analysis identified the product as the guanidinium salt of picloram, [CH6N3]+ [C5H2N2Cl3COOr. [Found: C, 27.9%; H, 2.72%; Cl, 35.7%; N, 22.6%; Calc. for C7H8C13N502; C, 28.0%; H, 2.66%; Cl, 35.4%; N, 23.3%; M.P. 256–258°C with decomposition]. Cell dimensions and space group were determined from single crystal oscillation and Weissenberg X-ray photographs using CuKa. radiation. Both the oscillation about b and the Weissenberg photograph were normal and gave the following crystal data.


Shape-contrast effects have been introduced to the investigations into face perception with the aim of exploring face adaptation in the context of norm-based coding. Research has indicated that shape-contrast effects occur even for shapes as complex as the human face. However, whether the complexity of face stimuli alters the magnitude of shape-contrast effects needs to be examined. In this study, emoticons and realistic human faces were used with the original white circle as the test stimuli. The results revealed that the shape-contrast effect was dependent on the stimulus. However, there was no significant difference between the shape-contrast effect evoked by upright faces and that evoked by inverted ones. This suggests that the face stimuli influenced the strength of the shape-contrast effect: the mechanism of this effect involved multiple stages of the visual system related to luminance and complexity, rather than the holistic face perception.


Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is commonly associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). PSC progresses independently of UC ultimately resulting in liver failure. There is no established medical treatment to improve the natural course of PSC. Normalization of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in early stage might delay the progress of PSC. A 20-year-old female, had a sudden attack of right hypochondralgia with high fever and abnormal liver function tests without elevation of bilirubin: ALP 478 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 360 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase 174 IU/L. Abnormal liver function tests returned to normal after the attacks. Morphological examinations initially indicated then confirmed a diagnosis of PSC. One month after displaying PSC symptoms administration of ursodeoxycholic acid was initiated. Similar attacks of cholangitis were repeated several times over the following two years. Even in the absence of these attacks, she always suffered postprandial hypochondralgia. There was no acute cholangitis in the year prior to the last hospitalization due to abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Findings were consistent with UC in the form of entire colitis. Sulfasalazine, metronidazole and semi-vegetarian diet (SVD) were initiated. Metronidazole is routinely used in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in our practice with the expectation of elimination of any potentially pathogenic bacteria. SVD was designed for IBD hoping to increase beneficial bacteria. A remission of UC was ascertained during hospitalization. Elevated ALP, in the absence of clinical cholangitis, was decreased to normal after the therapy for UC.


Understanding the fundamental relationship between the size and the structure of electrode materials is essential to design catalysts and enhance their activity. Therefore, spherical gold nanoparticles (GNSs) with a mean diameter from 4 to 15 nm were synthesized. UV/Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and under-potential deposition of lead (UPDPb ) were used to determine the morphology, size, and surface crystallographic structure of the GNSs. The UPDPb revealed that their crystallographic facets are affected by their size and the growth process. The catalytic properties of these GNSs toward glucose electrooxidation were studied by cyclic voltammetry, taking into account the scan rate and temperature effects. The results clearly show the size-dependent electrocatalytic activity for glucose oxidation reactions that are controlled by diffusion. Small GNSs with an average size of 4.2 nm exhibited high catalytic activity. This drastic increase in activity results from the high specific area and reactivity of the surface electrons induced by their small size. The reaction mechanism was investigated by in situ Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Gluconolactone and gluconate were identified as the intermediate and the final reaction product, respectively, of the glucose electrooxidation.


60 patients with chronic non-specific cervicites general magneto-therapy were examined, 30 of them underwent general magneto-therapy. Magneto-therapy was found to induce significant reduction of pathogenic microorganism content in vaginal discharge and cervical canal, restoring normocenosis in 82,5 % of patients. Magnetotherapy had clear positive influences on the local immunity parameters: the increase of lisocimic activity and Ig A level in secretion in the same time with IL-1, IL-6 and neutrophilic myeloperoxidase reduction in cervical mucosa was noted. Obtained results allow to recommend magneto-therapy in complex treatment of chronic non-specific cervicitis.


Project Management has long established the need for risk management techniques to be utilised in the succinct identification and mitigation of associated risks in projects. Such techniques aim at the reconciliation of countervailing project activities to reduce scope creep, increase the probability of on-time and within-budget delivery. Uncontrolled changes, regardless of size and complexity, can develop risks to projects and affect project success or even an organisation's project delivery coherence. Ideally, a change or consequence based upon a decision should have a fairly high level of predictability and thus a low level of a potential risk materializing, which would significantly undo the decision taken. This paper proposes a novel modeling process approach; CRAM (Change Risk Assessment Model), which could significantly contribute to the missing formality of business models especially in the change risk assessment area.


A 15-year-old diabetic boy suffering from recurrent peritonsillar infections developed a mycotic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery at the base of the skull. The aneurysm was approached through a cervical and retroauricular incision. The styloid process was burred down at its base. The sternocleidomastoid muscle and the digastric muscle were resected from the mastoid. The internal carotid artery was clamped proximally and blocked with a balloon-catheter distally. The carotid bone canal was opened 10 mm and the carotid artery resected until normal vessel wall was reached. A vein graft was placed end-to-end with single stitches, using 8 X 0 monofil sutures with a small needle. The postoperative course was uneventful except for a temporary paresis of the peripheral facial nerve. Postoperative angiography revealed restoration of the vessel to normal, the patient is now free of symptoms.


High entropy alloy (HEA) is an advanced alloy material, which has a wide application prospect due to its excellent properties. However, the material removal mechanism and change rule of grinding force of HEA in the grinding process have seldom been studied. The main work of this paper is that the material removal mechanism of the FeCoNiCrMo0.1 HEA is obtained by analyzing grinding debris and subsurface microstructure after grinding, the theoretical grinding force model of HEAs in plane grinding process is established on the basis of the force of a single abrasive grain, and the experimental verification is performed. According to the experimental results, the influences of different grinding parameters on grinding force are discussed, the influences of different types of grinding wheels on grinding force are analyzed, and the grinding forces generated by grinding different FeCoNiCr HEAs are compared. The results indicate that the material removal mechanism of FeCoNiCrMo0.1 HEA is the plastic removal. With the increase of grinding speed and the decrease of grinding depth and feed speed, both normal and tangential grinding forces decrease. Under the same grinding parameters, the grinding force produced by electroplated CBN grinding wheel is greater, followed by resin-bonded CBN grinding wheel and vitrified CBN grinding wheel. The grinding force produced by grinding FeCoNiCrAl0.1 HEA is lower than that produced by grinding FeCoNiCrMo0.1 HEA under the same grinding conditions. The calculated value of grinding force model is consistent with the experimental value, which can scientifically reflect the variation law of HEA grinding force.


Prudent resource allocation in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) requires scheduling mechanisms that manage buffering of packets during waiting time. Various scheduling algorithms may be implemented to govern packet transmission and control packet loss. Such mechanisms include first-in-first-out (FIFO), priority queuing (PQ), and weightedfair queuing (WFQ). In this paper, a comparison is made between use of FIFO and PQ mechanisms in a mixed traffic scenario (file transfer and VoIP applications). PQ is implemented on the basis of packet Type of Service (ToS) with VoIP data packets being given the upper hand. It will be shown that PQ gives a better Quality of Service (QoS) as opposed to FIFO. This can be observed via the results of the simulations. OPNET simulator is utilized in this paper.


It seems that almost every day there is another report of a corporate scandal at a public company. Whether the scandal involves sexual harassment by senior management or widespread illegal conduct by employees, the first question asked by investors and the media is usually, "Where was the board?" And the board's response is almost always, "We didn't know." Directors of public companies rely on officers to provide the information the board needs to manage the corporation, but, strangely enough, officers may not even be legally required to provide information to the board. The Delaware General Corporation Law is silent on the issue. Some commentators have argued that fiduciary duties impose on officers a duty to provide information to the board, but the Delaware courts have been slow to address this issue. In this article, I demonstrate that the few cases addressing the fiduciary duties of officers do not completely clarify whether officers have a fiduciary duty to provide information to the board or what the duty requires. I then propose a new approach: using private ordering to improve the information flow to the board of directors. I recommend that the bylaws of all public companies should include a new type of bylaw, a "Duty to Inform Bylaw." A Duty to Inform Bylaw would impose on the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer a duty to inform the board promptly of all information necessary to enable the board to manage the business and affairs of the company in conformity with its statutory and fiduciary obligations.


Earthquakes happen suddenly and are immensely destructive. They not only destroy entire societal production and infrastructure systems but also seriously interfere with daily life and reduce opportunities to earn income in earthquake-affected areas. In this paper, using the Ning'er Ms 6.4 earthquake in 2007 as an example, we analyzed the livelihood vulnerability of rural households in Ning'er County, Yunnan, based on data from questionnaires and on-site interviews. The results showed that on the whole, local rural household livelihoods are relatively vulnerable in the earthquake-affected area of Ning'er. The main reason for the high level of vulnerability of rural households is the lack of single or multiple incomes. Due to the shortage of household income, the capacity of rural households to manage the aftermath of an earthquake is low. Improving the income allocation and transformation level and expanding methods of earning income is an effective way for rural households to decrease livelihood vulnerability in earthquake-prone areas. Some suggestions are given for local rural households to enhance their livelihood income levels in the event of earthquakes.


'Greyfields' in the Australian context have been defined as those ageing but occupied tracts of inner and middle ring suburbia that are physically, technologically and environmentally failing. The research sought to test the potential of an innovative design based approach to create coordinated precincts in these suburbs involving the coordinated redevelopment of multiple, non-contiguous public housing lots (rather than relying on the 'default' option of incremental market based development of in-fill housing and piecemeal selling off of public housing properties). Recent public housing investments (under the Social Housing Initiative) were typically planned with job creation in mind rather than innovative housing outcomes, but innovations were still apparent. Innovations were generally simple such as improvements to parking arrangements and interfaces of private dwellings with common areas and public spaces and arrangements for tenancy mix and social diversity. Innovations were often more apparent when governments partnered with Community Housing Organisations who could access alternative land and funding sources, offer design and delivery expertise and facilitate mixed tenancy outcomes. Innovation also was more likely when there was a 'champion' for design quality, relaxation of selected planning controls, and project alignment with existing urban renewal strategies. The Department of Human Services (Victorian Government) was found to have existing housing assets in sufficient number (more than 6500 DHS properties) in well-located areas of Melbourne's middle suburbs that were clustered in ways broadly suitable for coordinated precinct redevelopment. Preliminary investigations suggest the same in Sydney and Brisbane. The coordinated precinct approach could offer an effective model for redeveloping dispersed public housing assets. Integrated redevelopment can achieve substantial increases in dwelling yield—design scenarios developed in this study delivered two to four times the number of dwellings when compared to business-as-usual dual occupancy outcomes. A precinct design approach is potentially more efficient because it allows for non-uniform, flexible siting of higher density buildings, effective program mixes, efficient parking arrangements and a variety of households and tenure types to be accommodated across a neighbourhood. Preliminary discussions with key stakeholders—municipal authorities, community housing organisations and local community members—showed real interest in the benefits of a coordinated precinct-based development approach. - See more at: http://www.ahuri.edu.au/publications/projects/p52012#sthash.wTtz4itu.dpuf


Carcinoma of the uterine cervix and genital prolapse are common diseases in underdeveloped countries, but their combination is quite rare. We report the case of a 70-year-old North African woman, menopausal, presented with post menopausal bleeding .On examination; she had Trachelocele, hysterocele, cystocele, rectocele and vaginal prolapse 3rd degree with a budding tumor of the cervix. A cervical biopsy showed poorly differentiated and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was lost to sight


A global initiative adopted by the United Nations to raise awareness of how optical technologies promote sustainable development and provide solutions to worldwide challenges in energy, education, agriculture, communications and health. "-‐United Nations General Assembly A complimentary light breakfast and a lunch with a vegetarian option will be provided.


The author examines whether New Caledonia's civil service is representative of the
territory's national and ethnic groups, and whether there is any demand for greater
representation. This study on civil service officials (for whom it is difficult to obtain
reliable information) suggests that this is not generally the case. It also includes an
analysis of their legal status, although specific provisions only concern minor matters.
New Caledonia's civil service is currently affected by two dynamic factors : firstly, the
need to "achieve a new balance" in accordance with the Preamble of the Noumea Accord,
and secondly, the need to give local people priority access to jobs. The achievement of
a new balance has an ethnic dimension, but it is not strong enough to foster the
emergence of a representative civil service. Furthermore, giving local people priority
access to jobs seems to go against such a development.


Plasmonic structures are gaining tremendous interest due to their unique capability to trap light into subwavelength units, beneficial for high efficient light harvesting and related applications. Here, a plasmonic structure realized on a monocrystallized Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanosheet‐assembled membrane is presented. This unique CZTS structure exhibits high absorption efficiency (≈92.25%) in a broad solar spectrum (200–2500 nm), leading to a solar desalination efficiency of ≈84.5% under 1 Sun irradiation. This highly efficient broadband absorption is due to the structure induced localized surface plasmon resonance absorption. Besides, owing to its high chemical stability, salty water containing heavy metal ions can be effectively desalinated with a constant long time (>20 h) durability using this CZTS membranes as the absorber. The combination of the robust desalination effect, high stability and durability, as well as the low‐cost and scalable process for production, makes this type of CZTS membranes one of the most competitive desalination candidates.


Background: Ethyl pyruvate (EP) is an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent associated with many diseases. In this study, we evaluated whether EP could attenuate monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Methods: A PAH model was established by subcutaneously injecting a single dose of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). And then a daily intraperitoneal injection of EP (50 mg/kg) was administered on day 1 to day 28 (preventive EP treatment) or day 15 to day 28 (therapeutic EP treatment). Hemodynamic changes were measured by catheterization, and the right ventricle hypertrophy index, the medial wall thickness, and the medial wall areas were also calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical analysis were used to determine the serum levels and expression of tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (TNF-&agr;), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the lung tissue. Results: Both preventive and therapeutic EP treatment significantly ameliorated hemodynamic changes and vascular remodeling indicators (all P < 0.05). The serum levels and expression of TNF-&agr;, IL-6, and ET-1 in the lung tissue were also significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: EP ameliorates monocrotaline-induced PAH and reverses pulmonary vascular remolding in rats by inhibiting the release of TNF-&agr; and IL-6 and reducing the expression of ET-1.


The use of long-term mechanical assist devices for isolated right ventricular failure is rare. Herein, we describe our protocol for successful recovery of the right ventricle and subsequent explantation of a right ventricular assist device using a sternum-sparing technique and insertion of a titanium plug to occlude the coring defect of the inflow cannula.


Abstract. Atmospheric oxidation capacity is the basis for
converting freshly emitted substances into secondary products and is
dominated by reactions involving hydroxyl radicals (OH) during daytime. In
this study, we present in situ measurements of ROx radical (hydroxy OH,
hydroperoxy HO2, and organic peroxy RO2) precursors and products;
the measurements are carried out in four Chinese megacities (Beijing,
Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chongqing) during photochemically polluted seasons.
The atmospheric oxidation capacity is evaluated using an observation-based
model and radical chemistry precursor measurements as input. The radical
budget analysis illustrates the importance of HONO and HCHO photolysis,
which account for ∼50 % of the total primary radical
sources. The radical propagation is efficient due to abundant NO in urban
environments. Hence, the production rate of secondary pollutants, that is,
ozone (and fine-particle precursors (H2SO4, HNO3, and
extremely low volatility organic compounds, ELVOCs) is rapid, resulting in
secondary air pollution. The ozone budget demonstrates its high production
in urban areas; also, its rapid transport to downwind areas results in rapid
increase in local ozone concentrations. The O3–NOx–VOC (volatile
organic compound) sensitivity tests show that ozone production is
VOC-limited and that alkenes and aromatics should be mitigated first for
ozone pollution control in the four studied megacities. In contrast,
NOx emission control (that is, a decrease in NOx) leads to more
severe ozone pollution. With respect to fine-particle pollution, the role of
the HNO3–NO3 partitioning system is investigated using a thermal
dynamic model (ISORROPIA 2). Under high relative humidity (RH) and
ammonia-rich conditions, nitric acid converts into nitrates. This study
highlights the efficient radical chemistry that maintains the atmospheric
oxidation capacity in Chinese megacities and results in secondary pollution
characterized by ozone and fine particles.


Hyperspectral sensors record the reflectance from the Earth's surface over the full range of solar wave- lengths with high spectral resolution. The resulting high- dimensional data contain rich information for a wide range of applications. However, for a specific application, not all the measurements are important and useful. The original feature space may not be the most effective space for representing the data. Feature mining, which includes feature generation, fea- ture selection (FS), and feature extraction (FE), is a critical task for hyperspectral data classification. Significant research effort has focused on this issue since hyperspectral data became available in the late 1980s. The feature mining techniques which have been developed include supervised and unsuper- vised, parametric and nonparametric, linear and nonlinear methods, which all seek to identify the informative subspace. This paper provides an overview of both conventional and ad- vanced feature reduction methods, with details on a few techniques that are commonly used for analysis of hyperspec- tral data. A general form that represents several linear and nonlinear FE methods is also presented. Experiments using two widely available hyperspectral data sets are included to illustrate selected FS and FE methods.


Adaptation of existing solutions to the problem of edge and screw dislocations, which propagate with constant velocity along the fault plane, leads to very compact expressions that can be used as elementary solutions in the construction of near-field motions from arbitrarily complicated faulting in a uniform material. Two obvious limitations, two-dimensionality and the approximation of the free surface, may not be as severe a restriction on the applicability of the method as commonly assumed. Application of the method includes calculation of a profile of displacement, velocity, and acceleration wave forms over a dipping thrust fault. The variation of peak amplitudes with distance for these profiles suggests that the difference in intensity of ground motion on either side of a dipping fault decreases with an increase in the predominant frequency of the motion; hence, particle velocity shows less difference than particle displacement. Other applications include interpretations of near-fault strong-motion recordings. These studies point up the importance of the component of motion perpendicular to the fault. The amplitude of this motion is a strong function of the ratio of rupture to shear velocity and can dominate the near-field motions. As a final application, the spectra of the motions show that the simple near-field spectrum proposed by Brune (1970) on the basis of instantaneous rupture does not hold, even for the parallel component of motion at a small distance from the fault. Brune's modifications for finite rupture propagation seem to be qualitatively correct: the modulation produces an additional ω −1 factor in the spectrum. This will have the effect of limiting the maximum particle acceleration, which, according to simple source theory, can be infinite even with modest stress drops.


When one wakes up in the early morning of the day, one is struck by all activities performed which, are controlled by time. Every task that one performs ,one takes time into cognizance When one stands on the pavement of the road, one is struck by jostling people going up and down the streets in a haste. Some are running while others are walking leisurely .When one enquires why some are running like that while others are walking slowly, the response that one gets is:" time is running out". Sometimes employees observe time while other employees do not observe it. Both parties (the employees and employers) are not satisfied with how each manages time. This practice of not observing time compelled the researcher to attempt to explore the various ways in which time is expressed in Tshivenḓ a. Having explored different ways of expressing time would assist people to consider the importance of time in their everyday activities. The paper investigates the extents of analysing various word categories with properties of expressing time in Tshivenḓ a.


Life on Earth is constantly exposed to natural electromagnetic fields (EMFs), and it is generally accepted that EMFs may exert a variety of effects on biological systems. Particularly, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EL-EMFs) affect biological processes such as cell development and differentiation; however, the fundamental mechanisms by which EMFs influence these processes remain unclear. Here we show that EMF exposure induces epigenetic changes that promote efficient somatic cell reprogramming to pluripotency. These epigenetic changes resulted from EMF-induced activation of the histone lysine methyltransferase Mll2. Remarkably, an EMF-free system that eliminates Earth's naturally occurring magnetic field abrogates these epigenetic changes, resulting in a failure to undergo reprogramming. Therefore, our results reveal that EMF directly regulates dynamic epigenetic changes through Mll2, providing an efficient tool for epigenetic reprogramming including the acquisition of pluripotency.


A well balanced adaptive scheme is proposed for the numerical solution of the coupled non-linear shallow water equations and depth-averaged advection-diffusion pollutant transport equation. The scheme uses the Roe approximate Riemann solver with upwind discretization for advection terms and the Vazquez scheme for source terms. It is designed to handle non-uniform bed topography on triangular unstructured meshes, while satisfying the conservation property. Dynamic mesh adaptation criteria are based on the local pollutant concentration gradients. The model is validated for steady flow over irregular bed topography, recirculation due to a sidewall expansion in a frictionless channel, and pollution advection in a flat-bottomed channel. An idealized application to the simulation of pollutant dispersion in the Bay of Tangier, Morocco is presented, which demonstrates the capability of the dynamically adaptive grid model to represent water quality scenarios in a bay of non-uniform bed topography and complicated shoreline.


Reliable and timely information on crop prospects is not available in India. As a consequence, market planning of procurement, storage and distribution operations, and pricing of foodgrains and other crops is usually based on subjective judgements of the government officials about the crofj prospects; therefore decisions are ad hoc and sub-optimal. This paper outlines an approach which uses econometric models. It is shown that reliable and timely crop outlook information can be obtained much before harvest at a low cost. It is illustrated how use of such information by the agricultural institutions in the government can improve the management of crop supplies and demand more effectively.


This work introduces an extended linear pattern-dependent model for high-level signal delay estimation in high-speed very deep sub-micron point-to-point interconnects. The proposed model accurately predicts the delay in both inductively and capacitively coupled lines for the complete set of the switching patterns and not only for capacitively coupled lines or worst-case delay as in previous works. We also consider process variations in the formulation of the model and propose a moment-based approach for the inclusion of variations. The accuracy of the model has been assessed by means of extensive experiments. Moreover, we show how the model can be applied at high levels of abstraction in order to explore coding-based alternatives to improve throughput


One of the mechanisms for managing data is replication since it improves data access and reliability. However, the amount of various data grows rapidly since technology is widely available at a low-cost. Problem arises when the database is packed with data, but it has lacked of knowledge. If the unreasonable data is used in database replication, it will cause waste of data storage and delay the time taken for a replication process. This paper proposes a new algorithm namely Binary Vote Assignment on Grid Quorum with Association Rule (BVAGQ-AR) to handle fragmented database replication. BVAGQ-AR algorithm is capable of partitioning the database into disjoint fragments. Handling fragmented database replication becomes challenging issue to administrator since the distributed database is disseminated into split partitions or fragments. This paper will discuss about how to build reliable system by using the proposed BVAGQ-AR algorithm for distributed database fragmentation. The result shows that managing fragmented database replication through proposed BVAGQ-AR algorithm able to preserve data consistency.


The concept of topology-aware grid applications is derived from parallelized computational models of complex systems that are executed on heterogeneous resources, either because they require specialized hardware for certain calculations, or because their parallelization is flexible enough to exploit such resources. Here we describe two such applications, a multi-body simulation of stellar evolution, and an evolutionary algorithm that is used for reverse-engineering gene regulatory networks. We then describe the topology-aware middleware we have developed to facilitate the ``modeling-implementing-executing'' cycle of complex systems applications. The developed middleware allows topology-aware simulations to run on geographically distributed clusters with or without firewalls between them. Additionally, we describe advanced coallocation and scheduling techniques that take into account the applications topologies. Results are given based on running the topology-aware applications on the Grid'5000 infrastructure.


The availability of nutrients in the mixed layer is the main limitation to organic carbon biological production in the tropical regions. In this paper, we investigate the potential role of internal waves at promoting the development of biological activity on a PIRATA mooring at 6°S, 10°W. This mooring is located above the Mid-Atlantic Ridge where we observe strong internal waves. Using a one-dimensional physical and biogeochemical coupled model, we simulate dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Providing the influence of vertical advection and turbulent diapycnal diffusivity are (it is vertical advection + turbulent dipycnal mixing) accounted for, we find that this model provides a good fit with observed in situ CO2 fugacity (fCO2). Main effect of internal waves is to rapidly increase the DIC, thus the fCO2 and the nutrients in the mixed layer. The latter induce progressive development of biological activity leading to gradual DIC decrease. Our study highlights the importance of correctly taking into account the effect of internal waves in tropical regions.


This article is an assessment of the diversity of scum and bloom algae encountered in different industrial effluents of Southern Bengal, India, analyzing their habitat and correlating the habitat ecology of each study site. The study was conducted during the period May 2009 to August 2010. The study sites include effluent release areas of the dairy industry, a distillery unit, the leather industry, and an herbal medicine unit. Habitat were analyzed for pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, salinity, alkalinity, and phosphate and nitrate levels. Correlation coefficients were calculated for habitat parameters and algae encountered, showing a significant positive correlation between the richness of dominant and subdominant species with biochemical oxygen demand and salinity and a significant negative correlation with alkalinity, phosphates, and the nitrate-to-phosphate ratio. The richness of dominant and subdominant species in the effluent discharge areas show average values of 9 and 5 in the distillery unit, 8 and 5 in the dairy industry, 7 and 8 in the leather industry, and 5 and 9 in the herbal medicine unit, respectively, with a few (ranging between 3 and 7) co-occurring species in each case. The algal groups encountered were cyanobacteria, euglenophytes, chlorophytes, and bacillariophytes, showing Palmer's Algal Pollution Index of 15 in the dairy industry, 20 in the distillery unit, 28 in the leather industry, and 8 in the herbal medicine unit.


Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Architectures (CGRAs) are drawing significant attention since they promise both performances with parallelism and flexibility with reconfiguration. Soft errors (or transient faults) are becoming a serious design concern in embedded systems including CGRAs since the soft error rate is increasing exponentially as technology is scaling. A recently proposed software-based technique with TMR (Triple Modular Redundancy) implemented on CGRAs incurs extreme overheads in terms of runtime and energy consumption mainly due to expensive voting mechanisms for the outputs from the triplication of every operation. In this article, we propose selective validation mechanisms for efficient modular redundancy techniques in the datapaths on CGRAs. Our techniques selectively validate the results at synchronous operations rather than every operation in order to reduce the expensive performance overhead from the validation mechanism. We also present an optimization technique to further improve the runtime and the energy consumption by minimizing synchronous operations where a validating mechanism needs to be applied. Our experimental results demonstrate that our selective validation-based TMR technique with our optimization on CGRAs can improve the runtime by 41.0% and the energy consumption by 26.2% on average over benchmarks as compared to the recently proposed software-based TMR technique with the full validation.


AIMS
Previous studies have shown that abstinent heroin addicts exhibit an attentional bias to heroin-related stimuli. It has been suggested that attentional bias may represent a vulnerability to relapse into drug use. In the present study, the predictive value of pre-treatment attentional bias on relapse was examined in a population of abstinent heroin addicts. Further, the effect of cue exposure therapy (CET) on attentional bias was studied.

DESIGN
Participants were assigned randomly to receive nine sessions of CET or placebo psychotherapy.

SETTING
An in-patient drug abuse treatment setting.

PARTICIPANTS
Abstinent heroin-dependent patients.

MEASUREMENTS
Participants completed the emotional Stroop task both before and after completing treatment.

FINDINGS
Pre-treatment attentional bias predicted relapse at 3-month follow-up, even when controlling for self-reported cravings at the test session. Further, attentional bias was reduced in both groups after therapy, independent of treatment condition.

CONCLUSIONS
Attentional bias may tap an important component of drug dependence as it is a predictor of opiate relapse. However, CET does not specifically reduce attentional bias.


This paper introduces a direct internet control architecture for internet-based personal robot, which is insensitive to the inherent internet time delay. The personal robot can be controlled by using a simulator provided at a local site. However, a large internet time delay may make some control inputs distorted. Moreover, since it is affected by the number of the internet nodes and loads, this delay is variable and unpredictable. The direct control architecture guarantees that the personal robot can reduce the path error and the time difference between a virtual robot at the local site and a real robot at the remote site. Simulation results in the real internet environment demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the direct internet control architecture.


Purpose of review To provide an update of recent studies relevant for maintenance treatment with antipsychotic medication after a first psychotic episode (FEP). Recent findings Despite controversy derived from a follow-up analysis from an earlier study showing that attempted early discontinuation after remission was associated with improved long-term functioning, most other studies support better long-term outcome with continuous maintenance treatment after the first episode. However, the main question is not whether, but for how long maintenance treatment after FEP should be offered. Consistent evidence shows that withdrawal from antipsychotics increases the risk for a relapse or re-hospitalization. On the other hand, maintenance treatment is associated with the risk to develop burdensome antipsychotic-induced side-effects and one should keep in mind that around 20% of FEP will not have a second episode. In this regard, the decision for maintenance treatment for periods above some months must be the result of a comprehensive risk–benefit evaluation during a shared decision-making process. Summary There is no replicated evidence that prognosis can be improved by discontinuing antipsychotic medication after a FEP. There is a clear need for additional studies to develop single-subject outcome predictors and to identify long-term efficacy of maintenance treatment beyond relapse (e.g. recovery).


In this world if one is born under subjugation, then they are forced to lead a life of humiliation and degradation until death. Even after death it spreads like a disease generation after generation and spoils the name and fame even after reaching the zenith. The pain , frustration,anguish  anger, revolt felt by the oppressed section of the African society form the Afro-American writings.   Jacqueline Woodson's "Brown Girl Dreaming" is largely about her early impulse towards narration with many of the painful aspects of her life. In her novel, the theme of segregation, racism and activism and Black power Movement is visible in and around.  Woodson's choice to write in verse rather than prose reflects Jacqueline's early affinity for poems. Jacqueline's childhood dances between the North and the south' where both the areas were filled with slavery and mocked by the people. This paper clearly exposes the inner struggles faced by the author and how the cultural and social impact has been over challenged by the belief of hope and faith.


Abstract Introduction: The postural deviations associated with the changes in the habits of young people have increased over the last decades. Investigating the subject by way of a self-perception questionnaire allows one to understand the level of awareness the individual has concerning his/her postural habits. Objective: Designing a self-perception evaluation questionnaire about the postural habits of young people and to validate, pre-test, verify the reliability and the internal consistency of this instrument. Methods: The validity of the content was determined by 10 judges. The study involved young people (15 - 18 years old) from Florianopolis/Brazil. The questionnaire was pre-tested, applied to 15 youthful who provided qualitative information about it. The reproducibility was analyzed by way of a test-retest with 40 students, in a one-week gap, and was analyzed by interclass correlation coefficient. The internal consistency was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha with 679 students. A 5% significance level was adopted. Results: Concerning to the validation of content, the questionnaire presented a total coefficient of 0.28 and 72% concordance was observed amongst the reviewers. The interclass correlation coefficient (test-retest) indicated acceptable reproducibility values (R = 0.66, 0.74 and 0.59; p < 0.001), with a decrease in the object-carrying dimension (R = 0.32; p = 0.04). The questionnaire was considered suitable, quick and easy to fill in. The internal consistency presented a value of 0.80. Conclusion: The questionnaire on body awareness of postural habits in young people is a valid instrument with good repeatability and reliability, its use can be recommended with teenagers showing the same profile as those used in this study.


Pellagra is a disorder characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia and eventually death, resulting from a deficiency of niacin or its precursor tryptophan. Ethionamide (a second-line antituberculosis agent)-induced pellagra is rarely encountered in clinical practice. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with nicotinamide can prevent life-threatening complications. To date, only three cases have been reported. We report a 13-year-old girl presenting with ethionamide-induced pellagra that resolved after the administration of niacin.


We herein report a rare case of a 79-year-old man who presented with the simultaneous occurrence of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) and renal cell carcinomas (RCC), without any other Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-associated lesions or any pertinent family history. Computed tomography showed vascular-rich solid lesions in the left kidney and the pancreatic tail, measuring 72 mm and 15 mm in size, respectively. Preoperatively, RCC with pancreatic metastasis was suspected and laparotomy was performed. However, the resected specimens revealed a different tumor histology, namely renal clear cell carcinoma (G2, pT3) and PNET (G1, pT3). The patient and his family refused genetic testing, however, so far, the patient has not developed any VHL-associated lesions for more than four years.


Two species of seaweed flies, Coelopa frigida and Coelopa pilipes, were reared in the laboratory and their larvae were sampled for composition of amino acids, fatty acids and elements. The larvae were grown on two different species of seaweed, Laminaria digitata and Fucus serratus. The aim was to gain knowledge on the influence of feeding media on the growth and composition of the larvae. F. serratus was more nutrient-dense than L. digitata, being richer in both protein and lipids, and thus led to ~70% higher larvae growth. The larvae grown on F. serratus also had higher lipid and protein content than the larvae grown on L. digitata; F. serratus-grown larvae had ~8-9% protein and ~18% lipid (total fatty acids) (both values of dry matter), while the larvae grown on L. digitata had only ~7.5% protein and ~13% lipids. All seaweed flies had a similar and balanced amino acid composition, suitable for animal and human nutrition. The fatty acid composition was not highly affected by either insect species or feeding media, with all groups containing high concentrations of the monounsaturated fatty acid, palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7). The larvae also contained some fatty acids characteristic of marine environments, like eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), likely originating from the seaweed. Both species of seaweed fly larvae accumulated As, Cd, and Pb, but not Hg. The elevated levels of As and Cd in the larvae (highest measured concentrations 18.4 and 11.6 mg/kg, respectively, based on 12% moisture content) could potentially limit the use of seaweed fly larvae as a feed ingredient.


Damrosch offers a fresh approach to the oftenasserted connection between Puritanism and the rise of the English novel. He argues that the Christian myth, far from serving as a simple, unified background to fiction, was paradoxical and full of potential conflicts and that these were particularly vivid in the Puritan imagination. "God's Plot and Man's Stories is massive, wideranging, and immediately impressive. I know of no other work of comparable ambition or scope." — John Richetti, Rutgers University Cloth $25.00 352 pages


PURPOSE
National programs for trachoma control are implementing mass treatment programs in which azithromycin is used as part of the control strategy. Dose is determined by weight, which can be difficult to determine in field conditions. The purposes of this study were to determine whether an accurate dose could be determined by using height as a surrogate for weight and whether a single model of height-based dosage would be applicable in more than one setting.

METHODS
Data on height, weight, age, and gender of 5558 children aged 6 months to15 years were obtained from Kongwa and Rombo, Tanzania; Malakal, Sudan; Jareng, The Gambia; and Daboya, Ghana. Models for predicting weight by measuring height were developed that incorporated country-specific parameters. Doses of azithromycin assumed suspension of 40 mg/mL and 250-mg tablets that could be halved. Tolerance limits were defined as 15 to 30 mg/kg.

RESULTS
A regression model, predicting log weight as a function of log height, was the best fit and explained 94% of the variance. In children less than 1 year of age or 60 cm in height, dose determined by weight was preferred. Dosage by height resulted in more than 97% of children receiving doses within the tolerance limits. Children aged 1 to 2 years were the group most likely to be over- or undermedicated, but this occurred in only 6% of this age group.

CONCLUSIONS
Height-based determination of dosage of azithromycin in trachoma control programs appears to be feasible, using the height-based schedule proposed. One model was adequate for all the countries in the study. Further expansion to other countries is warranted.


This paper studies the valuation of a class of default swaps with the embedded option to switch to a different premium and notional principal anytime prior to a credit event. These are early exercisable contracts that give the protection buyer or seller the right to step-up, step-down, or cancel the swap position. The pricing problem is formulated under a structural credit risk model based on Lévy processes. This leads to the analytic and numerical studies of several optimal stopping problems subject to early termination due to default. In a general spectrally negative Lévy model, we rigorously derive the optimal exercise strategy. This allows for instant computation of the credit spread under various specifications. Numerical examples are provided to examine the impacts of default risk and contractual features on the credit spread and exercise strategy.


Unraveling the machineries that deal with threats during DNA replication is of critical importance to understand how cells maintain genome stability. Faithful duplication of the genome is fundamental for the propagation of life, yet DNA is particularly vulnerable during the replication process. DNA replication forks encounter a large number of obstacles in the template DNA in each cell cycle. These perturbations lead to fork stalling and if not quickly resolved the fork can collapse through disassembly of the replication machinery. In case of widespread stalling of forks cells enter a state commonly referred to as 'replicative stress' that challenge genome stability. Cellular mechanisms have evolved to monitor this process and ensure completion of genome replication by different means. Following replication stress, cell cycle checkpoint pathways are activated to stabilize stalled replication forks and halt cell cycle progression. Genome duplication is then completed by employing several pathways, which include the activation of nearby dormant replication origins, the repriming of DNA replication downstream of the damage site, and tolerance to the damage thanks to lesion bypass mediated by specialized DNA polymerases [1].

The mechanisms underlying critical processes at the DNA replication fork still remain to be fully elucidated, and new important factors are emerging. The FBH1 helicase is a less investigated regulator of the response to stalled replication forks. FBH1 is a member of the conserved UvrD family of 3′-5′ DNA helicases [2] that has been shown to operate on a number of cellular substrates including stalled replication forks. FBH1 accumulates at stalled forks shortly after exposure to hydroxurea (HU), a chemotherapeutic agent inducing replication stress by depleting the pool of dNTPs required for DNA synthesis. In our laboratory, we have recently identified FBH1 as the first enzyme responsible for fork regression in vivo in higher eukaryotes [3], an activity observed following hydroxyurea-induced stalling of forks. Replication fork regression is the process where a replication fork is converted to a four-way DNA junction. This is achieved by coordinated annealing of the two newly synthesized strands at the fork, the leading and the lagging strands of DNA replication. This new annealed DNA double-strand form the fourth arm of the four-way DNA junction [4]. Importantly, FBH1 also possesses fork regression activity in vitro supporting that FBH1 is a bona fide fork regression enzyme in mammalian cells [3].

What is the role of FBH1-mediated replication fork regression? This process can either be an end product or intermediate in fork processing reactions. As an end product, regression may stabilize the fork for example by shielding vulnerable single-stranded DNA regions. This can provide additional genomic safety and time for neighboring forks to complete DNA replication. The data at hand also suggest that regressed forks may elicit signals to signify that severe replication stress is present. Notably, the very end of the regressed arm of the four-way junction is a DNA double-stranded end, which has obvious similarity to the DNA double-strand break (DSB) generated for example after ionizing radition. In line with this notion, whereas replication fork stalling does not induce detectable DNA DSB formation immediately after HU treatment, we observed that HU nonetheless induces a marked FBH1-dependent DNA DSB-like signaling response, which is already evident 1-2 hours following HU treatment. This response can be measured by the marked phosphorylation of DNA DSB-related ATM targets before detectable DSBs were apparent [3]. Thus, our data imply a conceptually new signaling pathway, whereby stalled forks are processed by FBH1 to form DNA structures with the ability to signal like DNA DSB end structures. Intiguingly, Fork regression per se may be insufficient to activate the checkpoint, as fork regression and replication stress do not always co-occur [4,5]. It is possible that DNA DSB-independent ATM signaling upon fork stalling is dependent on specific molecular features of the induced reversed forks, where fork stalling due to nucleotide shortage may differ from fork stalling due to template lesions. Hence, ATM signaling from double stranded ends at regressed arms might require binding of cellular mediators or removal of replicative factors, which may only occur upon specific conditions of replication stress.

Strikingly, the response to long-term fork stalling also requires FBH1. When replication forks are stalled more than 12-16 hours with HU, there is measurable cleavage of the fork catalyzed by the structure-specific endonuclease MUS81, which requires FBH1 helicase activity. This reaction generates double-stranded DNA ends that can be used for recombination-dependent replication fork restart. However, the MUS81-induced DNA breakage triggers p53 activation that ultimately also serves to suppress cell proliferation untill replication stress has been eliminated [6, 7].

Based on our understanding so far, FBH1-mediated DNA replication fork processing is emerging as a new pathway for genome protection in response to replication stress. Future studies will aim to unravel how this pathway interacts with other fork processing and signaling pathways.


An orthopedist was one of an army of medical professionals called into the quarantine zone around Wuhan, China. He describes his role in treating patients with Covid-19 for more than a month, from the peak period of 10,000 new cases a day, to March 23, 2020, with no new confirmed cases for several days, and counting.


Purpose: To evaluate the results of the porous polyethylene (Medpor) orbital implantation technique combined with the use of a primary patch graft of acellular dermis. Methods: The study design was a retrospective, non-comparative single surgeon case series of 27 patients. The Medpor orbital implant was placed with a primary anterior sub-Tenon's acellular dermis patch after evisceration (23/27), enucleation (2/27) or implant exchange/secondary implant procedure (2/27) over a period of 3 years. Risk factors for dehiscence/complications were defined as trauma, infection, inflammation, previous ocular surgery, radiotherapy, secondary orbital implantation, and removal of extruding implants. The primary outcome measure was the development of implant exposure. Other complications were also recorded, including postoperative conjunctival wound dehiscence. Results: Twenty-five patients (93%) had more than 2 risk factors. Mean follow-up time was 22 months (median 24 months, range 4–34 months). Three (11%) patients needed further intervention, which included pyogenic granuloma excision (1) and fornix formation (1). Conjunctival wound dehiscence followed by implant exposure occurred in 1 of 27 eyes (3.7%). The cosmetic appearance was satisfactory in 26/27 patients. Conclusions: Our results with primary acellular dermis grafts when coupled with Medpor orbital implantation are encouraging.


When it comes to implementing a food safety management system, an auditor with sector specific experience will examine the objectives, strategy and efficiency of the company, zero in on the risks and drive improvement.


This paper examines the translation of discourse markers in Yoruba with the aim of identifying their pragmatic functions and constraints faced in their translation into English. The methodology of contrastive analysis is adopted in our analysis to identify similarities and differences in the use and function of specific discourse markers ('yes' and 'thank you') in both languages. The analysis is carried out within the pragmatic perspective based on the theory of speech acts and illocutionary force of utterances (Searle, 1969). The study also employs a contrastive linguistic pragmatic methodology which seeks to identify similarities and differences in the functions of discourse markers in Yoruba (source language). The findings from the data analysis show that translators' choices are constrained by cultural and pragmatic differences between SL and TL. They also demonstrate that a good knowledge of pragmatics can enrich the study and practice of translation.


Preceding the implementation of a Stroke Unit (SU), data have been collected and used for building a simulation model of patient flow. This model was subsequently used to estimate the optimal capacity of the SU to be implemented. Because stroke patients require acute hospital care, this implies a highly variable number of immediate admissions. This variability complicates optimizing the capacity. In order to support decisions with regard to staffing (i.e. capacity) of the SU, different scenarios are simulated and compared to provide insight in the trade-off between regular understaffing and a low bed occupancy rate. In 1996 the Department of Neurology of the Academic Medical Center in the Netherlands implemented its SU to improve the quality of care for stroke patients. Data collected in the years 1997 and 1998 that the SU has been operational were evaluated and confirm the predictions made from simulating different scenarios. We conclude that simulation models provide a powerful tool for supporting decision making with regard to resource planning at the departmental level in our hospital.


In recent decades, acidifiers have emerged as viable alternatives to antibiotics in swine diets, in order to stimulate optimal growth performance and prevent various enteric diseases. Antimicrobials have been used for more than 50 years to enhance growth performance and prevent various pig diseases (Gustafson & Bowen, 1997). There is growing public awareness of the relationship between the feed medication with antimicrobials as growth promoters in livestock diets and the risk of developing cross-resistance of pathogens to antibiotics, threatening animals and human health (Corpet, 1996; Mathew et al. 2007; Hunter et al. 2010). During the last few years, as the use of antibiotics in pig diets has decreased, the use of acidifiers has increased.


This research was conducted to describe (1) the value of Islamic educational background, (2) the literature product which used to develop Islamic educational background, and (3) the pattern of Islamic educational value in a fiction stories with the titled of Kecil-Kecil Punya Karya. This research was used qualitative design which applied hermeneutic text analysis procedure. The data was collected from verbal and non-verbal text which describe the habit, attitude, act and speech of the characters. Moreover, the data was collected through documentation technique. The results show that (1) the value of Islamic educational background is develop under 6 kinds of believe. They are first, the believe to God, then the believe to the Angel, the believe to the Holy book, the believe to Rasulullah, the believe to the judgement day, and the last is the believe to the destiny; (2)The literature pattern which shown in the prose that develop the Islamic educational background are consist of characters, setting and the moral value which covered in the story; (3) The pattern of Islamic educational values were divided under 4 stages. They are introduction, the value of understanding, habitual activities, and attitude. In conclusion, the researcher suggested to the parents to use those 4 stages since it is important to applied as the basic of live.


Foliar fertilization is an effective practice to correct nutritional deficiencies in plants that are under stress conditions or in soils with low nutrient availability, and consists in applying nutrient solutions directly on leaves. Nutrient absorption in the leaf occurs mainly through the epidermis, by diffusion, due to the nutrient concentration gradient established between the leaf surface and the epidermis interior. Once the nutrient has entered the cytoplasm of the epidermal cells, its movement happens in a relatively expedited fashion. The main barrier the nutrient has to pass is the cuticle, which is comprised of waxes. The physico-chemical characteristics of the nutrient, such as size and polarity, control the absorption rate. The present article provides a detailed description of the foliar absorption of nutrients and its influence on the development and use of foliar fertilizers.


About 95% of the two billion airlines passengers suffered from health issues (1). Furthermore, a call center in North Carolina noted that there were 16 in-flight emergency cases for every 1 million airlines passengers (2). Cardiac arrest is one of these cases, which is a cause for mortality for about 1000 people during the flights (3). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be demonstrated by the medical professionals or trained people such as flight attendants. Commercial flights usually do not have official medical staffs on board. Hence, whenever there are in-flight medical emergency cases, flight attendants should be trained to manage such cases. Flight attendants themselves are laymen who are trained to do basic medical emergency interventions, that is, even if they intervene in such cases, they cannot take an appropriate decision as the medical professionals.
During in-flight cardiac arrest, the flight attendants are mainly responsible to immediately contact the ground staff and voluntary medical professionals on board; besides, they also have a right to perform CPR (4). Certain airlines such as Air Canada and Scandinavian Airlines have policies related to medical supervision. They apply emergency telemedicine that involves emergency specialists as the commander (5). Furthermore, the specialists will assign some instructions for the flight attendants who manage the in-flight medical emergencies (5). In contrast, in Indonesia, in case of any in-flight medical emergency, the flight attendants would announce on call asking for the presence of any medical professionals on board; however, no official medical professionals are recruited on board by the airlines for any medical casualties or emergency.
Attendant expressed that the rescuer had many senses while helping people with in-flight medical emergency like shocked while looking at the victim. Contrary, the rescuer also determined to take her responsibility as a cabin crew by helping the victim. Furthermore, she had to manage her dilemma before doing that.
The flight attendant has already expressed her suggestion on having in-flight medical professionals so that she can focus on her responsibility as a cabin crew. NBAA (2016) declares that commercial airlines are suggested to make policies that involve medical professionals in managing in-flight medical emergency (6). These will make flight attendants feel comfortable in serving the passengers. Consequently, the flight attendant needs medical companionship while performing CPR on board. Hence, in-flight medical emergency management, which is part of prehospital management, can be guaranteed


gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors on retinal bipolar cells (BCs) are highly relevant to spatial and temporal integration of visual signals in the outer and inner retina. In the present work, subcellular localization and complements of GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors on BCs were investigated by whole cell recordings and local drug application via multi-barreled puff pipettes in the bullfrog retinal slice preparation. Four types of the BCs (types 1-4) were identified morphologically by injection of Lucifer yellow. According to the ramification levels of the axon terminals and the responses of these cells to glutamate (or kainate) applied at their dendrites, types 1 and 2 of BCs were supposed to be OFF type, whereas types 3 and 4 of BCs might be ON type. Bicuculline (BIC), a GABA(A) receptor antagonist, and imidazole-4-acetic acid (I4AA), a GABA(C) receptor antagonist, were used to distinguish GABA receptor-mediated responses. In all BCs tested, not only the axon terminals but also the dendrites showed high GABA sensitivity mediated by both GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors. Subcellular localization and complements of GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors at the dendrites and axon terminals were highly related to the dichotomy of OFF and ON BCs. In the case of OFF BCs, GABA(A) receptors were rather evenly distributed at the dendrites and axon terminals, but GABA(C) receptors were predominantly expressed at the axon terminals. Moreover, the relative contribution of GABA(C) receptors to the axon terminals was prevalent over that of GABA(A) receptors, while the situation was reversed at the dendrites. In the case of ON BCs, GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors both preferred to be expressed at the axon terminals; relative contributions of these two GABA receptor subtypes to both the sites were comparable, while GABA(C) receptors were much less expressed than GABA(A) receptors. GABA(A), but not GABA(C) receptors, were expressed clusteringly at axons of a population of BCs. In a minority of BCs, I4AA suppressed the GABA(C) responses at the dendrites, but not at the axon terminal, implying that the GABA(C) receptors at these two sites may be heterogeneous. Taken together, these results suggest that GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors may play different roles in the outer and inner retina and the differential complements of the two receptors on OFF and ON BCs may be closely related to physiological functions of these cells.


ABSTRACT Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers (virgin, waste, and mixed) were incorporated in the composite poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)–wood. Hybrid composite panels were prepared by pressure molding. Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) were used as cross-linking bonding agents for modification of wood fibers. Influence of cross-linking bonding agents, structure, and composition of PET fibers was examined by studying thermomechanical properties as well as moisture absorption. Moisture absorption was lower for composites with bonding agents. Mechanical testing revealed that the addition of PET fibers drastically enhances properties of the composites. Covalent and hydrogen bonds formed with the addition of bonding agents have also improved mechanical properties compared to the untreated composites.


This study explored the effects of formulation modifications of natural hydraulic lime (NHL) mortars exposed to hot temperature and high humidity conditions. The modified mortars were seeded by oyster shell powder, partially replacing the sand. The mortar samples underwent a curing period of 56 days with five observation days. The pH, carbonation depth, flexural strength, compressive strength, sorptivity, and morphology were studied. The results indicated that seeded mortars were more successful at setting and hardening high humidity settings. In addition, curing the mortars at higher temperatures hastened the hydration reaction significantly. The data indicate that seeded mortars can improve performance in several areas, notably carbonation rate (25%-45%), flexural strength (16%-60%), compressive strength (20%-55%), and sorptivity (18%-25%). The experimental protocol shows that the hardened mortar pore system is affected by the water-binder ratio, hydration level, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration. The hydration of mortar greatly influences its strength. Using oyster shell powder as an aggregate substitute increased the performance of the mortars by microstructure and capillarity development. This circumstance is significant in our comprehension of modified lime mortars and seeding compounds, especially in hot-humid environments.


The use of Holographic or Diffractive optics is on the rise, premium DSLR optics using this technology is an outstanding example of compact device. This technology applied to HUD is presented, using the windshield as a transparent holographic display, with the ability to present floating graphical object in a large field of view. Augmented Reality display will be possible, increasing considerably the User Experience and situational awareness. Additionally, the use of Holographic Optical Element reduces the size, weight and cost of the actual HUD box.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether human alveolar bone osteoblasts (HABO) attachment to commercial available guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes can be enhanced by coating with freshly prepared human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet poor plasma (PPP).

METHODS
Human osteoblasts established from tissue explants were used at 4 th passage in culture. Human whole blood from healthy subjects was collected and centrifuged twice to produce the PRP fraction and PPP fraction. Double-sided adhesive tape was used to fix 3 mm discs of each membrane and cover-slides to the bottom of a 24-well tissue culture plate. A (GoreTex-ePTFE), B (GoreTex-Resolut) and C (Inion-GTR) membranes were studied. Cover-slides were positive control. Membranes or cover-slides were exposed to PRP, PPP or PBS respectively for 2 hours. Membranes and cover-slides were seeded with osteoblasts (5 x 10(7) cells/L) and allowed to attach for 24 hours. After staining with hematoxylin, the number of attached cells per mm(2) was counted using a light microscope with graticule. The the ultrastructure of osteoblasts attachment to the membranes was observed by scanning electronic microscopy.

RESULTS
PRP and PPP-treated membranes significantly enhanced osteoblasts attachment compared to PBS-treated membranes (P < 0.05). There was more osteoblasts attachment in the PRP-treated membranes than in the PPP-treated membranes (P < 0.05). Cover-slides showed more osteoblasts attachment than the three membranes (P < 0.05). B and C membranes showed higher cell attachment than A membranes (P < 0.05). SEM showed that osteoblasts attached to the membranes treated by PRP were spindle and stretched well, and there were platelets, fibrins in a interlaced mesh on the membranes, which appeared to grow in a multiplayer style. The osteoblasts attached to the membranes treated by PPP or PBS were round and partially attached.

CONCLUSIONS
PRP and PPP could improve attachment of osteoblasts in the three membranes, and PRP altered and enhanced the way of the attachment to the membranes.


21-day pregnant rats show high tissular and plasmatic acetone concentrations when submitted to a 48-hr fast. This rise is, in fact, associated with an enhanced placental and fetal acetoacetate decarboxylase activity. We propose that acetone formation by the fetus could be a mechanism for pH maintenance and that acetoacetate decarboxylase can play a significant role in the handling of 4C-ketone bodies under conditions in which the substrate concentration cannot easily be controlled by other physiological mechanisms.


This paper proposes a neural based MRAS (Model reference Adaptive System) speed observer suited for linear induction motors (LIM). Starting from the dynamical equation of the LIM in the synchronous reference frame in literature, the so-called voltage and current models of the LIM in the stationary reference frame, taking into consideration the end effects, have been deduced. Then, while the inductor equations have been used as reference model of the MRAS observer, the induced part equations have been discretized and rearranged so to be represented by a linear neural network (ADALINE). On this basis, the so called TLS EXIN neuron has been used to compute on-line, in recursive form, the machine linear speed. As machine under test, a complete dynamic model, based on the constructive elements of the LIM and taking into consideration the end effects by the definition of a proper air-gap function, has been adopted. The proposed MRAS observer has been tested in numerical simulation at high and low linear speeds of the inductor and has been further compared with both the classic MRAS observer taking into consideration the LIM's end effects and with the MRAS observer based on the RIM's equations, not considering the end effects.


Exercise ECG (XECG) testing is one of the clinical routine examinations which produces a large amount of data if full-disclosure records aree to be provided. We describe a system for XECG analysis which takes advantage of the data compression procedures and the data format of the SCP-ECG (Standard Communication Protocol for computer-assisted Electrocardiography) protocol. Processing the XECG data in consecutive 10-s data sections resulted in six SCP blocks per minute. Over a test set of 20 XECGs with various test durations, a median compression ratio of 11.1 has been achieved. We have also investigated the influence of noise on the compression ratio. 50 /spl mu/V RMS may reduce the compression ratio from /spl sim/17 to /spl sim/8.


ABSTRACT Biosynthetic procedure is the best alternative to the preparation of nonmaterials as the challenges faced by the scientist from the last few decades. Present research reports cost-effective, inexpensive eco-friendly synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using a methanolic extract of fruits peel agro-waste. X-ray diffraction spectrum of identified TiO2NPs found noncrystalline in nature. Fourier transform infrared showed O–H, C = O, C–O, and C–H functional groups present in the fruit peel involved in the biosynthesis of TiO2NPs. The prominent peak at 1708, 1720 and 1700 cm−1 observed in the spectrum attributed to O–Ti–O stretching in Plum, Kiwi and Peach mediated TiO2NPs. The SEM images of all three TiO2NPs revealed cylindrical in shape. The size of TiO2NPs synthesized from Plum, Kiwi and Peach were found to be 47.1 and 63.2, 54.1 and 85.1 and 200 nm, respectively. All the TiO2NPs exhibited size- and dose-dependent antibacterial and antioxidant activities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


We present a molecular simulation method that yields simultaneously the equilibrium pitch wave number q and the twist elastic constant K2 of a chiral nematic liquid crystal by sampling the torque density. A simulation of an untwisted system in periodic boundary conditions gives the product K2q; a further simulation with a uniform twist applied provides enough information to separately determine the two factors. We test our new method for a model potential, comparing the results with K2q from a thermodynamic integration route, and with K2 from an order fluctuation analysis. We also present a thermodynamic perturbation theory analysis valid in the limit of weak chirality.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical-pathologic features of what appears to be a gingival form of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia.

STUDY DESIGN
Ten adult patients with recurrent and histologically progressive gingival leukoplakias who were diagnosed and treated at the University of California, San Francisco between 1994 and 1999, comprised the subject group for this investigation. Clinical and microscopic features were reviewed. Proliferation indices and p53 expression were evaluated immunohistochemically, and the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was determined by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification.

RESULTS
Lesions presented as solitary or regional flat/papillary/verrucal leukoplakias of the free and attached gingiva (tooth-bearing areas only). With time, flat lesions developed a papillary or verruciform profile. Although lesions were recurrent, they were confined to the gingiva, and multiple lesions did not develop. Half the patients used tobacco, and HPV could not be detected by using PCR. Microscopically, 6 cases began as hyperkeratotic lesions, and 4 initially exhibited a psoriasiform pattern with a marked inflammatory component. With recurrences, the lesions became progressively atypical histologically. The proliferation indices for these lesions showed modest increases over normal epithelium, and positive p53 staining was evident in 4 of 10 cases, indicating a disruption of the keratinocyte cell cycle in these lesions. The mechanism associated with the positive p53 staining (protein binding to wild type p53 versus mutation of the p53 gene) was not determined. Lesions recurred after conservative scalpel or laser excision, and many developed into verrucous or squamous cell carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONS
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia of the gingiva (PVLG) appears to be a subset of oral proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. It can be characterized as a solitary, recurring, progressive white patch that develops a verruciform architecture and may not be associated with HPV. PVLG has an unpredictable course and is at risk for development into verrucous or squamous cell carcinoma. Currently, there is no way to determine or predict which gingival white lesions will follow the clinical course described for this group of patients with PVLG.


Observational learning is considered powerful to promote (implicit) motor learning. While it is a common tool in practice, little is known about the effects of video instructions on movement execution. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of watching biomechanically optimal (OPT) and suboptimal (SUBOPT) sidestep cutting (SSC) video instructions on movement execution. Ten male basketball players (age 15.5 ± 1.2 years, height 189.9 ± 3.1 cm, mass 75.4 ± 7.1 kg) from a Regional Talent Center performed anticipated 45° SSC tasks in baseline (BASE) followed by two counterbalanced experimental conditions. Subjects watched expert videos (matched by sex and height) of OPT and SUBOPT movement executions and were asked to imitate this to the best of their ability. Kine(ma)tic data was captured with 21 reflective markers and 2 force plates. After watching the videos, subjects displayed smaller ankle dorsiflexion angles ( p < 0.001) and greater vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) ( p = 0.012) in SUBOPT compared to OPT condition during initial contact (IC). Greater knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion angles in the expert compared to subjects in the OPT condition were found ( p < 0.001). Contrarily, subjects were able to imitate SUBOPT executions shown by the expert. This means that athletes worsen their movement execution when modelling a SUBOPT model. Coaches are advised to mainly use (1) OPT video instructions and (2) expert modelling with a relatively small gap in movement execution between the athlete and model.


Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) -associated cervical cancer is the second-most common cancer in women worldwide but it is the most frequent gynaecological cancer and cancer associated death in India women. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge about cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccine, HPV vaccine acceptance among school and undergraduates students and their parent's perception about acceptance of HPV vaccine in Northern part of India (Delhi and NCR regions). Materials and Methods A qualitative questionnaire based survey among 2500 urban/rural students aged 12–22 years was conducted. Results Overall, a low frequency (15%) of HPV and cervical cancer awareness was observed in students and their parents. However, the awareness was much higher in females belonging to urban setup compared to boys with a perception that HPV causes cervical cancer in women only. Additionally, only (13%) participants who were aware of cervical cancer and HPV) were willing to accept HPV vaccination. Apparently, parents of female students were two times more willing to accept HPV vaccination for their ward than male students (p<0.001; OR 95%CI = 2.09 (1.58–2.76). Conclusion Cervical cancer and HPV awareness among school, undergraduate students and also to their parents was found to be very low in this part of India. The level of awareness and education appears to be insignificant determinants in rural compared to urban setup. Better health education will be needed to maximize public awareness for cervical cancer prevention.


This paper studies equilibrium selection in binary supermodular games based on perfect foresight dynamics. We provide complete characterizations of absorbing and globally accessible equilibria and apply them to two subclasses of games. First, for unanimity games, it is shown that our selection criterion is not in agreement with that in terms of Nash products, and an example is presented in which two strict Nash equilibria are simultaneously globally accessible when the friction is sufficiently small. Second, a class of games with invariant diagonal are proposed and shown to generically admit an absorbing and globally accessible equilibrium for small frictions.


The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected schools and the people within them. The move to remote schooling forced practitioners of school-based restorative justice to adapt and innovate, as theory and practice had almost exclusively focused on in-person instruction. In this paper, I first review some of the challenges, adaptations, and lessons during the pandemic. I then argue that restorative justice in schools offers new and unique potential to address needs of educational communities and the students, educators, and staff within them as in-person instruction returns. Specifically, I suggest it could contribute to rebuilding social connection and community, bolstering mental health, and addressing inequities. Finally, I end with limitations and future directions for considering these extensions and evaluating their impact. School-based restorative justice alone cannot be a panacea for these issues, but could be integrated into other supports and services to address the stark needs of school communities and of the young people whose lives have been so deeply impacted by COVID-19.


Meatball is one of Indonesia's typical meat-based products. It is usually served at a high temperature, moreover, it contains high nutrient due to the high animal nutrient that is necessary for human growth. The current study aims to determine the test of bacterial contamination on meatball that are sold in the traditional market of Marisa, district of Pohuwato. Five meatball samples were taken from five different vendors, and the sample testing was done in the laboratory of the faculty of science, technology, and health on July 13, 2020. The test included the total plate count microbial pathogens contamination and E. coli bacteria in the meatballs. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented in a tabular to illustrate the total plate count of pathogen contamination and E. coli bacteria in the meatballs. According to SNI 01-3818-1995, the maximum total plate count (ALT) of colonies/g is 0.1x10, and for the E. coli bacteria, the AMP/g is <3.0. As the results. It shows that the total microbes on the meatballs in the traditional markets of Marisa is ranged between 4.5x10 colonies/g to 2.3x10 colonies/g. It also shows that the meatballs still meet the requirement for the counts of microbial colonies, while the most probable number (AMP) of coliform bacteria is still high.


The traditional filial morality has importance functions to promote the personal morals. The filial piety is an accomplishment point of departure to promote personal morals. The filial piety is a fulfillment's history philosophy, and emphasizes to follow sequence and advance on promoting personal morals, and still make a point of external education. The filial piety also ruled the contents of personal morals.


The reading of the four novels that constitute the cycle of Nane Oca (1992-2019) allows to understand the fusion of story and tale realised by Giuliano Scabia: the fabulous adventures of the main character, Giovanni, alternate with the iteration of the opening scene where (through the character of Guido il Puliero) the process of narration starts. Listeners (and, in perspective, readers) join the narrator and gradually become collective authors, in the tradition of the folk storytelling.


In this paper we propose a strategy for better exploiting Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip resources utilization by means of using a control-loop feedback mechanism. We apply the proposed techniques in a purely distributed memory MPSoC architecture that is composed of a frequency scaling module responsible for tuning the frequency of processors at run-time. Results show very promising in terms of adaptation capabilities for system with dynamic workload. Performance results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach when workload requirements for applications may vary, affecting the overall performance of the system. For validating the proposed approach we have implemented a multi-thread MJPEG decoder application and created an architecture model with/without perturbations in the system.


This article proposes a novel real-time optimization-based critical load restoration strategy for the post-event stages. The key idea is to integrate multi-mobile and stationary resources into the emergency tools of the system operation as grid-support services. The role of the demand response (DR) program and distributed generation (DG) from the resiliency-boosting points of view is investigated. To prevent prolonged and extensive electric outages, mobile emergency generator (MEG), emergency vehicle energy storage (EVES), and electric vehicles (EVs) are aimed to be exploited by forming microgrids. Power system constraints are modelled according to the linearized DistFlow equations. The framework's main aim is to serve critical loads, weighted by their priority, with the coordinated operation of multiple resources. Mixed-integer quadratic programming-based model is solved by a state-of-the-art solver within 30-minute time slots while considering uncertainties in real-time traffic congestion. Different case studies are carried out on the IEEE-33 bus coupled distribution-transportation system and the results are discussed in detail on the load restoration basis.


: Lichen planus of the oral cavity produces significant functional and symptomatic problems for elderly patients. Oral lesions often occur in the absence of concomitant skin lesions. Unlike cutaneous lesions, oral lesions of lichen planus may become a chronic, recurring problem that is difficult to control. The diagnostic features of lichen planus of the oral cavity are reviewed and treatment strategies presented. Periodic follow-up is recommended to monitor the disease process and to observe for the development of early squamous cell carcinoma.